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presented  to 

Gbe  library 

of  tbe 

\Hniver8i  t\>  of  {Toronto 

bg 

• 

Professor  W.  S.  Milner 


.      AN 
ITALIAN    DICTIONARY 


CAMBRIDGE   UNIVERSITY   PRESS 

C.   F.   CLAY,   MANAGER 
EonOon:    FETTER   LANE,    E.G. 

100  PRINCES  STREET 


fltto  gork:  G.  P.   PUTNAM'S  SONS 

Bombag  ani  Calcutta:  MACMILLAN  &  CO.,  LTD. 

ffioronta :  J.  M.  DENT  AND  SONS,  LTD. 

THE  MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA 


All  rights  reserved 


AN 

ITALIAN    DICTIONARY 


BY 


ALFRED    HOARE,    M.A. 


Cambridge : 

at  the  University  Press 


1C  IT  J>K 


PRINTED   BY   JOHN   CLAY,    M.A. 
AT   THE    UNIVERSITY    PRESS 


PC 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS 

PAGE 

INTRODUCTORY  REMARKS vi 

NOTES  UPON  THE  ITALIAN  LANGUAGE xi 

LIST  OF  ITALIAN  DICTIONARIES  AND  WORKS  BEARING  ON  ITALIAN 

ETYMOLOGY xm 

ERRATA xiv 

TABLE  OF  ABBREVIATIONS ...  xv 

ITALIAN-ENGLISH  DICTIONARY       ......               .  1—663 

VOCABULARY  OF  MODERN  ENGLISH  TRANSLATED  INTO  ITALIAN  i — cxxxv 


VI 


INTRODUCTORY   REMARKS 

1.  THE  design  of  this  book  is  to  meet  the  requirements  of  an  English  student  of  Italian 
rather  than  those  of  an  Italian  student  of  English.     The  English-Italian  vocabulary  is  merely 
for  the  practical  convenience  of  English-speaking  people  who  may  have  occasion  to  speak  or 
write  in  Italian.     Obsolete  words  have  therefore  been  excluded  from  this  part  of  the  book. 

2.  Geographical  names  which  differ  in  the  two  languages  have  been  entered  in  alphabetical 
order  among  the  ordinary  words. 

3.  The  sources  drawn  upon  have  been  as  follows.     For  marine  and  engineering  matters 
the  authorities  utilised  are  the  marine  and  technical  dictionaries  of  Dabovich,  Guglielmotti  and 
Paasch,  the  last  named  of  which  is  distinguished  by  a  beautiful  series  of  plates.     The  names  of 
land  animals  otherwise  unknown  to  me  have  been  ascertained  by  taking  the  scientific  names 
given  by  Bulle  and  Rigutini  and  looking  these  out  in  Baird's  Cyclopaedia  of  Natural  Science, 
those  of  birds  in  a  similar  way  by  comparing  the  scientific  names  in  the  list  of  birds  in  the 
Manuale  del  Cacciatore,  one  of  the  series  published  by  Hoepli,  with  those  in  Morris's  British 
Birds,  those  of  fishes  directly  from  Dabovich,  and  those  of  plants  from  the  Catalogo  poliglotto 
delle  piante  by  the  Contessa  di  San  Giorgio.     The  bulk,  however,  of  the  volume  is  of  course 
occupied  with  general  literature,  and  has  been  compiled  from  Petrocchi  (Dizionario  universale 
delta  lingua  italiand),  Tommaseo  and  Bellini  {Dizionario  italiano,  in  eight  quarto  volumes),  Bulle 
and   Rigutini  (Italienisches-Deutsches   WorterbucK),  and  Rigutini  and  Fanfani  {Lingua  italiana 
parlatd).     From  one  or  another  of  these  all  the  idioms  and  illustrative  phrases  are  taken,  most 
of  them  being  from  Petrocchi.     Occasional  use  has  also  been  made  of  most  of  the  dictionaries 
enumerated  in  the  list  below. 

4.  Illustrations  of  the  meaning  of  obsolete  words  are  given,  generally  speaking,  without 
specifying  their  sources,  but  on  account  of  the  position  held  by  Dante  in   Italian  literature 
quotations  from  the  Divina  Commedia  are  followed  by  reference  to  canto  and  verse.     References 
are  also  supplied  in  a  few  other  cases  when  the  interest  or  peculiarity  of  the  word  seemed  to 
make  this  desirable,  as  in  the  instance  of  the  word  Capere. 

5.  It  may  be  convenient  to  set  out  here  the  method  pursued  in  arranging  the  information 
presented.     The  head  word,  together  with  any  variants  in  its  spelling  and  with  any  obsolete 
variants  in  a  parenthesis,  is  followed  by  m.  or  /.  to  mark  its  gender,  when  a  substantive,  and  by 
a  statement  of  its  etymology  in  another  parenthesis  when  this  can  be  given  with  suitable 
brevity,  as  mentioned  below.     This  is  followed  by  an  exposition  of  the  meaning  or  meanings 
and  of  the  principal  idiomatic  phrases  in  which  the  word  occurs. 

6.  Obsolete  and  local  words  are  distinguished  by  an  asterisk  and  dagger  respectively,  and 
the  obsolete  or  local  meanings  of  words  which  in  some  senses  are  still  in  general  use,  as  well  as 
the  corresponding  idioms  and  phrases,  are  similarly  distinguished  and  in  addition  are  numbered 
in  Roman  numerals  i,  ii,  iii...,  the  current  phraseology  being  separated  into  sections  with  Arabic 
numerals  i,  2,  3....     This  numbering  is  purely  for  convenience  of  reference,  and  is  not  intended 


INTRODUCTORY    REMARKS  vn 

to  imply  that  the  word  in  question  has  so  many  different  senses.  Where  a  word  represents 
one  or  more  words  really  different  in  origin  the  article  upon  it  is  divided  into  separate  parts 
distinguished  by  Roman  capitals  A,  B,  C....  This  separation,  however,  is  not  carried  into  the 
account  of  the  obsolete  uses  of  a  word ;  for  instance,  Granata. 

7.  It  will  be  noticed  that  apart  from  the  distinctive  characters  of  the  head  words  in  their 
alphabetical  order,  there  are  two  sizes  of  print  throughout  the  dictionary.     The  larger  of  these 
has  been  used  for  those  words  which  will  be  most  looked  for,  and  the  smaller  type  for  the  rest. 
In  the  latter  category  are  included  all  obsolete  and  local  expressions  and  technical  terms,  words 
which  are  immediate  derivatives  of  other  words,  such  as  substantives  in  -amento,  -atura,  and  so 
on,  known  as  verbal  substantives,  as  well  as  adjectival  substantives  and  verbs  and  adjectives 
formed  from  substantives,  and  also  words  which  are  practically  identical  in  Italian  and  English. 
The  local  terms  are  marked  with  a  dagger,  as  stated  above ;  they  are  for  the  most  part  Tuscan, 
and  Petrocchi's  collection  of  them  seems  to  be  a  fairly  full  one.     They  are  distinguished  by  him 
according  to  the  districts  where  they  are  in  use,  but  it  did  not  appear  necessary  from  the  point 
of  view  of  the  present  book  to  state  these  localities. 

An  intermediate  size  of  type  has  been  employed  for  the  Anglo-Italian  vocabulary. 

8.  The   derivatives   above   referred   to,  together  with  their   sub-derivatives   and   all   the 
diminutives,  augmentatives,  "  peggiorativi "  and  so  on,  which  are  so  abundant  in  Italian,  when 
the  alphabetical  order  makes  them  follow  their  primary,  are  marked  with  the  abbreviation  Aff. 
(affiliated),  and  as  a  rule  it  is  left  to  the  common  sense  of  the  student  to  see  their  meaning ; 
there  is  really  no  more  reason  for  giving  a  separate  translation  of  a  word  like  Borbottamento, 
a  verbal   substantive   of  Borbottare,  to  stammer,  than    of,  say,  Borbottano,  the   third   person 
plural  of  its  present  tense.     Such  groups  of  words  might  perhaps  have  been  labelled  Derivatives, 
but  sometimes,  as  for  instance  under  the  word  Platino,  they  include  compounds  partly  formed 
from  other  words — left  untranslated  because  the  second  element  is  practically  identical  with  a 
corresponding  English  word — and  sometimes  they  are  sub-derivatives ;  thus  both  Causare  and 
Causazione  are  in  this  book  affiliated  to  Causa.     Sometimes,  again,  an  affiliated  word  is  from  a 
Latin  original ;  thus  Flatulento  is  from  the  Latin  flatulentus,  'not  from  Flato,  the  word  to  which 
it  is  affiliated.     The  abbreviation  Aff.  is  therefore  to  be  taken  to  indicate  that  the  words  against 
which  it  stands  are  for  the  most  part  left  untranslated,  and  that  their  meaning  is  then  to  be 
ascertained    by  reference  to  the  preceding  head  word.     A  slight  departure  from  alphabetical 
order  has  sometimes  been  made  with  words  of  this  class ;  for  instance,  a  verbal  substantive  in 
-amento  affiliated  to  the  corresponding  verb  in  -are  follows  instead  of  preceding  it. 

9.  The  same  principle  of  leaving  out  unnecessary  translations   has   been  followed  with 
the   head  words  where  the  Italian  and  English  are  sufficiently  similar  ;   no   one    would  look 
out  such  a  word,  for  instance,  as  Educare,  since  it  obviously  means  Educate.     The  abbrevia- 
tion "  as  E."  has  been  employed  in  these  cases,  and  may  be  regarded  as  indicating  that  the 
word  is  employed  in  the  same  way  as  the  corresponding  word   in    English.     Words   of  this 
character  might  really  be  omitted  altogether;    it  is,  however,  just  possible  that   a  dictionary 
might  be  consulted  by  a  person  wishing  to  know  if  there  was  such  a  word  in  Italian  as  Educare. 
For  this  reason  no  uncompounded  word  has  been  intentionally  excluded  from  the  book  which 
could  possibly  be  met  with  in  an  ordinary  newspaper  as  Italian,  with  the  exception  of  purely 
technical  terms  of  science  which  have  been  included  only  where  the  meaning   of  the  Italian 
expression  might  not  be  self-evident  to  an  English  master  of  the  science  concerned,  or  where 
there   is   some   feature  of   special    interest    in    the   word   or   its   derivation,  e.g.   Lucilia.     No 
English  doctor  or  chemist  could  possibly  fail  to  see  the  meaning  of  such  terms  as  Pericardite, 
Trimetilamina,  or   wish    to  see   them    translated    into   their    English   dresses   as    Pericarditis, 
Trimethylamine. 


viii  INTRODUCTORY   REMARKS 

10.  Where   an    Italian   word   and   its   English    equivalent  have  the  same  variations   of 
meaning  no  notice  of  such  variations  is  taken,  however  widely  the  several  meanings  may  differ 
from  each  other.     Thus  Caso,  like  the  English  Case,  means  grammatical  case,  legal  case,  chance, 
circumstance ;    Piede,  like  Foot,  is  used  for  a  foot  of  a  verse.     The   context  would   make  it 
clear  what  sense  was  intended,  whilst,  if  in  some  peculiar  instance  it  was  not  clear,  the  setting 
out  of  the  various  possible  significations  in  a  dictionary  would  make  the  matter  no  clearer. 

11.  In   some   instances  of  obsolete  words   the   explanation   is  given  in    Italian,  and    in 
all  such  cases  is  transcribed  from  Petrocchi.     The  reason  of  this  is  that  it  is  not  always  possible 
to  tell  without  the  context  what   is   intended,  but  anyone  using  the  dictionary   to   find   the 
meaning  of  a  word  will  have  a  context  before  him,  which  will  probably  make  the  matter  plain. 
Examples  will  be  found  under  Cofoggiata,  Cofollo,  Daghesciare. 

1 2.  A1J  changes  of  spelling  are  not  given ;   many  words  are  spelt  variously  with  double 
or  single  consonants  such  as  Commento  or  Comento,  seam  in   the  deck  of  a  ship,  and  with 
or  without  a  final  e,  like  Agon  or  Agone,  the  gar-fish,  but  it  is  hoped  that  all  variations  are 
entered  which  are  necessary  to  enable  any  word  to  be  found. 


Accentuation. 

13.  A  tonic  accent  is  supplied  to  the  head  word  in  all  cases  where  it  seemed  desirable 
to  indicate  the  pronunciation,  that  is,  to  the  majority  of  words  other  than  verbs  in  -are  or 
-ire,  of  more  than  one  syllable.     The  hard  and  soft  s  and  z  are  distinguished  by  having  a  dot 
over  them  when  they  are  soft ;  thus  s  has  the  sound  of  an  English  z,  and  z  of  dz,  the  undotted  z 
being  pronounced  ts  and  the  undotted  s  hard  as  in  '  this.'     These  dots  are  only  given  to  the 
head  words,  not  where  the  s  or  z  occurs  in  any  of  the  illustrative  phrases,  and  the  same  rule 
has  been  followed  as  regards  the  tonic  accent.     The  "  open  "  and  "  close  "  pronunciation  of  the 
vowels  E  and  O   is  indicated   in  the  head  words  by  a  grave  and  acute  accent  respectively. 
No  marks  of  accentuation,  except  on  a  final  vowel,  have  been  supplied  to  the  obsolete  words. 

Diminutives  and  other  accessory  forms. 

14.  There  is  a  great  variety  of  these  in   Italian,  indicated  in  the  text  by  abbreviations 
corresponding  to  the  meanings.     Of  these  abbreviations   dim.   for   diminutive  and  augm.  for 
augmentative  speak  for  themselves,  \>\A  pegg.,  scherz.,  spreg.  and  vezz.,  which  stand  for  Italian 
words  with   no  simple   English   equivalent,  may  need  a   little   explanation.     A  peggiorativo, 
that  is  a  word  with  a  suffix  of  this,  so  to  say,  pejorative  character,  in  Italian  usually  -accio, 
denotes  a  bad  quality  of  the  primary,  as  Ragazzo,  boy,  Ragazzaccio,  horrid  boy ;  scherz.,  for 
Ital.  scherzando,  means  that  the  term  is   used  jestingly ;    spreg.,  for  Ital.  spregiante,  indicates 
contempt  or  disparagement ;  and  vezz.,  for  Ital.  vezzeggiativo,  denotes  endearment  or  some  kind 
of  prettiness. 

It  may  be  remarked  here,  a  propos  of  diminutives,  that  when  a  word  has  two  diminutives, 
viz.  in  -ina  and  -ino,  the  termination  -ino  indicates  the  smaller  of  the  two,  and  both  of  them 
are  in  many  cases  not  only  of  a  diminutive  character  but  also  are  "  vezzeggiativi."  Thus 
Ragazzino  is  marked  in  the  dictionary  dim.  vezz.,  i.e.  dear  little  boy.  All  these  suffixes  can 
be  freely  piled  upon  one  another,  as  Abatucciaccio,  marked  dim.  spreg.  pegg.,  meaning  something 
like  "  horrid  dirty  little  abbot,"  Fratacchione,  marked  augm.  pegg.  scherz.,  meaning  that  it  is  a 
term  employed  jestingly  for  "great  lout  of  a  monk,"  or  something  of  that  sort.  Almost  the 
entire  set  of  such  formations  will  be  found  under  the  word  Donna. 


INTRODUCTORY    REMARKS  ix 

Etymology. 

15.  Every  principal  word,  the  source  of  which  has  been  traced   by  philologists,   has  its 
derivation  stated  shortly  in  a  parenthesis  preceding  its  explanation,  unless  the  interest  of  the 
word  or  of  its  connections  is  such  as  to  justify  a  longer  account.     Where  this  is  the  case  such 
an  account  has  been  appended  in  small  type.     The  most  complete  account  of  Italian  etymology 
is  that  by  Prof.  Pianigiani,  whose  book  on  the  subject  is  accordingly  the  one  chiefly  followed 
here,  but  extensive  use  has  also  been  made  of  Korting's  Lateinisch-Romanisches   Worterbuch, 
Walde's  Lateinisches  etymologisches  Worterbuch,  Prellwitz's  Etymologisches  Worterbuch  der  Grie- 
chisctien  Sprache  and   Skeat's  Etymological  English  Dictionary,  whilst   the  other  etymological 
books  mentioned  below  have  occasionally  been   consulted. 

16.  Where  there  is  an   English  word,  or  words,  akin  to  the  word  under  discussion  the 
immediate  parentage  and  connections  of  the  Italian  word  are   briefly  given,  coupled  with  a 
reference  to  Skeat  for  readers  desirous  of  more  information.     Such  references  may  be  taken 
as  being  made  either  to  Prof.  Skeat's  Concise  Etymological  Dictionary,  Oxford  1901,  or  to  the 
1910  edition  of  his  larger  etymological  dictionary,  except  where  specific  reference  is  made  to 
the  latter. 

17.  All  Italian  words  in  ordinary  use  are  discussed  by  Pianigiani,  but  there  are  a  consider- 
able number  of  obsolete  or  technical  terms,  especially  seafaring  terms,  which  are  not  touched 
upon  by  any  writer  and  to  which  there  seems  to  be  no  cognate  form  in  any  other  of  the  Romance 
languages.     In  such  cases    nothing   can    be   said   about   the   derivation,  and   the   observation 
which  occurs  here  and  there  in  the  present  book  that  an  etymology  is  doubtful  or  unknown 
is  to  be  taken  as  shewing  that  though  the  word  is  discussed  by  the  authorities  no  definite 
history  is  obtainable,  the  etymology  given  being  only  guess-work,  not  indeed  the  wild  guessing 
of  former  days,  but  still  guessing. 

The  derivation  of  words  of  learned  formation  from  Greek  has  been  given  only  in  a  few 
exceptional  cases  where  it  could  not  readily  be  traced  by  anyone  with  a  smattering  of  Greek  by 
reference  to  a  Greek  lexicon. 

1 8.  A  word  marked  thus  (Z.)  is  to  be  taken  as  derived  from  an  almost  exactly  similar 
word  in  Latin,  with  the  implication  that  little  or  nothing  is  known  of  its  remoter  origin.     Thus 
Sanie  is  from  the  Latin  saniem,  accusative  of  sanies,  but  nothing  is  known  of  the  origin  of  this. 

19.  An  asterisk  is  commonly  used  by  etymologists  to  mark  a  word,  the  former  existence 
of  which  can  be  inferred  from  known  forms,  though  it  may  not  be  found  in  any  author  whose 
writings  have  come  down  to  us.     In  the  Romance  languages  many  words  occur  which  point 
clearly  to  a  Latin  original  of  this  kind.     Such  hypothetical  forms  are  marked  in  the  present 
book  with  a  double  asterisk,  a  single  asterisk  having  been  appropriated  as  above  stated  to  words 
occurring  in  old  Italian  authors  but  now  obsolete. 

20.  The  algebraical  signs  >,  <,  are  employed  to  signify  "source  of"  and  "derived  from" 
respectively,  after  the  example  of  Prof.  Skeat.     I  cannot  pass  on  without  expressing  the  great 
obligation  I  was  under  to  Prof.  Skeat  personally  for  the  unfailing  kindness  with  which  he  replied 
to  numerous  questions  on  knotty  points  and  saved  me  from  many  mistakes. 

21.  In  referring  words  to  a  Latin  original,  the  nominative  case  has  been  generally  used, 
though  the  actual  source  of  Romance  words  is  not  the  nominative  but  the  accusative.     It 
seemed  more  convenient  to  give  the  reference  in  this  way  to  a  word  which  would  be  found  in  a 
Latin  dictionary  by  its  nominative,  and  could  not  mislead,  since  no  one  would  suppose  that  such 
a  word  as  Vindice  would  be  from  Vindex  rather  than  Vindicem. 


H. 


x  INTRODUCTORY    REMARKS 

Conclusion. 

22.  No  pains  have  been  spared  to  make  the  book  as  accurate  as  possible,  but  mistakes 
must  inevitably  have  crept  in,  the  correction  of  any  of  which  will  be  gratefully  received.  The 
work  was  begun  in  the  autumn  of  1906,  and  the  first  draft  completed  in  the  spring  of  1911  ;  its 
aim  throughout  is  the  practical  one  of  explaining  only  what  needed  explanation  for  an  English 
student,  not  that  of  presenting  a  thesaurus  of  the  Italian  language.  The  book  is  not  written 
for  children  ;  a  competent  knowledge  of  English  in  the  reader  is  assumed ;  but  it  is  framed  to 
cover  the  requirements  of  a  beginner,  and  anyone  should  be  able  to  make  out  the  meaning  of 
ordinary  Italian  books  by  its  aid,  as  soon  as  he  has  obtained  some  rudimentary  knowledge  from 
a  grammar.  Lastly,  I  wish  to  express  my  best  thanks  to  Signorina  Bianca  Castelli,  who  has 
acted  as  my  referee  on  all  points  where  it  seemed  desirable  to  have  the  assistance  of  a  native 
of  Italy. 


A.    HOARE. 


37  FLEET  STREET, 
LONDON,  E.G. 

I  January,  1915- 


XI 


NOTES    UPON    THE    ITALIAN    LANGUAGE 

Origin. 

Italian,  like  the  other  Romance  languages,  French,  Provengal,  Spanish,  Portuguese, 
Roumanian  and  sundry  dialects  less  widely  spoken,  is  a  modified  form  of  ancient  spoken  Latin, 
but  has  embodied  in  itself  considerable  accretions  from  Germanic  and  other  sources,  introduced 
by  invaders  from  the  north  and  off  the  sea.  It  is,  in  fact,  the  nearest  of  these  languages  to  old 
popular  Latin,  or  Folk-Latin,  as  it  has  been  called,  which  is  what  one  would  expect  from  the 
fact  that  Italy  was  the  home  of  Latin.  In  tracing  the  etymology  of  a  word,  it  is  often  the  case 
that  we  can  take  it  back  to  a  Latin  or  Old  High  German  original,  but  no  further;  these 
languages  form  a  wall  behind  which  it  is  frequently  impossible  to  go  so  as  to  reach  the 
primitive  root.  The  loose  way  in  which  Italian  was  developed  out  of  popular  ungrammatical 
Latin  is  well  illustrated  by  the  numerous  feminine  substantives  formed  in  the  singular  number 
from  an  original  neuter  plural,  e.g.  Battaglia  from  Battualia. 

Punctuation. 

Italians  make  use  of  stops  in  a  way  which  sometimes  is  quite  different  from  the  way  in 
which  they  are  used  in  English,  and  it  is  desirable  for  an  English  reader  to  be  on  his  guard 
upon  this  point.  An  illustration  is  given  under  the  word  Punteggiare. 

Pronunciation. 

All  words  are  pronounced  as  they  are  spelt.  As  regards  the  accentuation  this  is  indicated 
in  the  book  as  stated  in  the  Introductory  remarks,  §  13,  but  there  are  one  or  two  general  rules 
which  a  student  may  find  it  convenient  to  bear  in  mind.  The  termination  -ano  in  the  third 
person  plural  of  the  present  and  imperfect  tenses  of  a  verb  has  the  a  short,  -ano,  the  stress 
falling  upon  the  antepenultimate,  as  Erano,  they  were,  Mandavano,  they  were  sending.  But 
-ano  as  the  termination  of  a  substantive  generally  has  the  a  long,  -ano,  as  Milano,  the  city 
of  Milan,  Pastrano,  cloak.  It  will  be  found  also  that  derivative  words  ending  in  -olo,  or  with 
the  Florentine  pronunciation  -uolo,  which  express  implements,  occupations,  or  trades,  have  the 
accent  on  the  penultimate,  and  the  o  "  open,"  as  Fumaiolo,  smoke-stack,  whilst  words  in  -olo  of 
other  descriptions  are  accented  on  the  antepenultimate,  as  Bossolo,  box. 

Gender. 
To  the  rules  in  the  grammars  may  be  added  that  scientific  terms  in  -ite  are  feminine. 

First  person  plural  of  verbs. 

There  is  a  usage,  which  to  an  English  person  seems  curious,  of  substituting  the  indefinite 
third  singular  for  the  first  person  plural,  as  Noi  si  dice,  for  Noi  diciamo,  we  say. 


XTI  NOTES    UPON    THE    ITALIAN    LANGUAGE 

Sequence  of  tenses  in  a  conditional  sentence. 

When  the  verb  of  the  protasis  is  in  the  perfect  tense,  the  past  conditional  must  be  used  in 
the  apodosis  even  though  it  refers  to  future  time,  as,  If  he  went  to  France  he  would  get  what 
he  wants,  Se  fosse  andato  in  Francia  avrebbe  trovato  ci6  che  vuole.  To  make  the  simple 
conditional  admissible  the  protasis  must  be  taken  out  of  the  perfect  tense,  as  Se  andasse  in 
Francia  troverebbe  cio  che  vuole.  When  the  protasis  is  in  the  perfect  the  exact  meaning  of  the 
Italian  phrase  might  be  ambiguous  in  the  absence  of  a  context,  viz.  either  If  he  went  to  France 
he  would  get  what  he  wants,  or  If  he  had  gone  to  France  he  would  have  got  what  he  wants. 

Etymology  of  the  open  and  close  E  and  0. 

It  will  be  found  that  an  open  E  in  Italian  corresponds  to  a  Latin  E  and  a  close  E  to  a 
Latin  I.  Similarly  an  open  O  corresponds  to  a  Latin  O,  and  a  close  O  to  a  Latin  U.  For  the 
meaning  of  the  terms  open  and  close  see  the  Dictionary  at  the  beginning  of  the  letters  E  and  O. 

Italian  suffixes. 

The  Italian  suffixes  are,  as  might  be  expected,  nearly  all  of  Latin  origin,  as  -accio  and  -azzo, 
<  L.  -aceus,  -uccio  <  L.  -uculus,  -aggio  <  L.  -aticum,  and  amount  altogether  to  several  hundreds. 
A  very  few  are  Germanic,  as  -ardo,  explained  on  p.  47,  -ingo,  meaning  "son  of"  or  "descended 
from,"  e.g.  in  Casalingo.  It  would  be  beyond  the  scope  of  these  stray  notes  to  deal  with  the 
subject  of  suffixes  in  any  detail,  but  a  word  or  two  by  way  of  illustration  is  subjoined. 

The  suffixes  of  the  Indo-European  languages  fall  into  two  main  classes,  those  with  a 
definite  meaning  and  those  without  one.  The  force  of  the  latter  is  quite  vague,  expressing  mere 
relationship  with  the  stem  or  root  of  the  word.  Thus  the  Latin  testitnonium  consists  of  the  stem 
testi-  with  three  indefinite  suffixes,  mon,  io,  m  (of  which  the  last,  being  substantival,  ought 
perhaps  to  be  ranked  as  definite),  and  means  "  thing  having  to  do  with  witnessing,"  that  is, 
"evidence."  The  piling  up  of  suffix  upon  suffix  does  not  seem  to  add  anything  more  than 
would  have  resulted  from  the  use  of  only  one.  Definitive  suffixes,  on  the  other  hand,  are  often, 
possibly  always,  the  addition  of  an  element  from  another  root,  and  add  something  to  the 
meaning  of  the  stem,  as  -bruin  in  Latin,  see  -bro,  p.  101.  To  this  class  also  belong  the  suffixes 
which  form  the  grammatical  inflections  of  words;  thus  from  the  stem  ama-,  in  Latin,  are  formed, 
by  addition  of  the  suffixes  o,  s,  t,  meaning  "  I,"  "thou,"  "he,"  the  words  amao  (contracted  to 
amo),  amas,  amat,  I  love,  thou  lovest,  he  loves. 

Word-formation  of  this  kind  not  only  contributed  to  the  development  of  languages  in  pre- 
historic times  but  is  seen  in  the  inflections  of  the  Romance  languages ;  thus  Amero,  the  future  of 
Amare,  is  for  an  earlier  Ameraggio,  =  L.  Amare  habeo. 

A  list  of  English  suffixes,  many  of  which  are  also  Italian,  is  given  in  Chambers'  Twentieth 
Century  Dictionary,  1907  edition,  p.  1154. 


XIH 


LIST   OF   SOME    ITALIAN    DICTIONARIES 

1.  Baretti's  dictionary.     Last  revised  in   1854. 

2.  Bulle  and  Rigutini,  Italienisches-Dentsches  Worterbuch,  1902. 

3.  La  Crusca,   Vocabolario,  still  in  course  of  publication. 

4.  Dabovich,  Technical  and  Marine  Dictionary  in  Italian,  German,  English,  and  French,  1884 — 1900. 

5.  Darchini,  in   French  and  Italian,  no  date  given,  but  about  1905  ;  the  best  small  dictionary  of  the 

kind  yet  published. 

6.  Edgren,  Italian-English  and  English- Italian  Dictionary,  1904. 

7.  Fanfani,   Vocabolario,  1865. 

8.  Ferrari  e  Caccia,  in  French  and  Italian,  no  date.     A  useful  book. 

9.  Florio,    Queen   Anna's    World  of   Wordes.     Now   rather   rare,   published  in    1611,   full  of  curious 

and  interesting  old  English  words. 
10.     Guglielmotti,    Vocabolario  marine  e  militare,  1889. 
M.     Lessona  e  A'  Valle,  Dizionario  di  scienze,  lettere  e  arti,  1882. 

12.  Melzi,  English-Italian  and  Italian-English  Dictionary,  1906. 

13.  Millhouse  and  Bracciforti,  English- Italian  and  Italian- English  Dictionary,  1906. 

14.  Paasch,  Dizionario  di  Marina,  in  English,  French,  Spanish,  German,  and  Italian,  with  illustrative 

plates,   1908. 

15.  Petrocchi,  Novo  dizionario  universale,  1906. 

16.  Premoli,   Vocabolario  nomenclatore,  1910,  illustrated. 

17.  Rigutini  e  Fanfani,   Vocabolario  italiano  della  lingua  parlata,  1871. 

1 8.  Salveraggio,    Vocabolarto  illustrate  della  lingua  italiana,   1908. 

19.  Sergent,  Nuovo  Vocabolario  italiano  domestico,  1869. 

20.  Sergent,  Nuovo  Vocabolario  italiano  d'  arti  e  mestieri,   1869. 

21.  Stokes,  A  Pocket  Dictionary,  no  date,  about  1906. 

22.  Tommaseo  e  Bellini,  Dizionario  della  lingua  italiana,  1865. 

23.  Tommaseo  e  Rigutini,  Dizionario  dei  sinonimi,  no  date,  about  1875. 

The  above  list  is  of  course  by  no  means  exhaustive.  But,  though  it  seems  a  fairly  long  one,  it  contains 
no  book  which  is  very  convenient  for  an  English  student  of  Italian  language  and  literature;  how  far  the 
present  writer  has  succeeded  in  compiling  one  from  the  materials  afforded  by  these  works  is  for  critics  to  say. 


LIST  OF    PHILOLOGICAL    BOOKS    TREATING    OF    OR    BEARING 

UPON    ITALIAN    ETYMOLOGY 

1.  Brachet,  Etymological  Dictionary  of  the  French  Language,  translated  by  G.   W.  Kitchin,   1882. 

2.  Bre"al  et  Bailly,  Dictionnaire  dtymologique  Latin,  1906. 

3.  Diez,  Etymologisches   Worterbuch  der  Romanischen  Sprachen,   1869. 

4.  Hatzfeld  et  Darmesteter,  Dictionnaire  gMral  de  la  langue  Franc_aise,  1890. 

5.  Kluge,  Deutsches  etymologisches   Worterbuch,  1905. 

6.  Korting,  Lateinisch-Romanisches  Worterbuch,  1907. 

7.  Littre,   Dictionnaire  de  la  langue  Fran^aise. 

8.  Pianigiani,   Vocabolario  etimologico  della  lingua  italiana,  1907. 

9.  Prellwitz,  Etymologisches   Worterbuch  der  Griechischen  Sprache,  1905. 
10.  Schade,  Altdeutsches  Worterbuch,  1882. 

n.  Skeat,  Etymological  Dictionary  of  the  English  Language,   1910. 

12.  Skeat,  Concise  Etymological  Dictionary,  1901. 

13.  Walde,  I.ateinisches  etymologisches  Worterbuch,  1906. 

14.  Zambaldi,   Vocabolario  etimologico  italiano,  1889. 


XIV 


ERRATA    ET   ADDENDA 

For  Arzillo  read  Arzillo. 

Insert  Automobile  f. ;  motor-car. 

For  Buzzuro  read  Buzzurro. 

Under  Carcere,  insert  m.  or  f.,  only  /  in  //.,  m.  in  sense  of  imprisonment. 

For  Casone  (B),  read  Casone. 

Under  Codino  2,  add  the  translation  "pigtail." 

Under  Crespolina,  for  Carrapecchia  read  Canapecchia. 

Insert  Flemmasfa  f. ;  febrile  inflammation. 

Insert  Maggioritk  /  ;  regimental  staff. 

Under  Meccanica,  Aff.,  for  -ico,  -ismo,  read  -o,  Meccanismo. 

For  Parazzo  read  Parazzo. 

Under  Pignoratario,  delete  "pawnbroker,"  inserting  "bailiff." 

Insert  Podismo  m. ;  marching. 

Under  Rompicapo,  add  the  meaning  "severe  task." 

For  Vocabulario,  read  Vocabolario. 


ABBREVIATIONS 


xv 


A.  e  M. ;  Arti  e  Mestieri. 

absol. ;  absolute. 

adj.;  adjective. 

adv.;  adverb. 

Aff.;  affiliated,  see  Introductory  re- 
marks, §  8. 

agric. ;  agriculture. 

Amer.  Ind. ;  American  Indian. 

anat. ;  anatomical  term. 

antiphr. ;  antiphrastic,  using  a  word 
ironically  to  mean  its  direct  opposite. 

anton. ;  antonomasy,  using  a  term  which 
points  to  the  thing  intended,  instead 
of  the  proper  word  for  it. 

arch.;  architectural  term. 

archae. ;  archaeological  term. 

Ar. ;  Ariosto. 

art.;  article. 

art  ill. ;  term  of  artillery. 

as  E. ;  see  below,  E. 

astr. ;  astronomical  term. 

astrol. ;  in  astrology. 

augm. ;  augmentative. 

augm.  vezz. ;  augmentative  con  vezzo, 
meaning  a  nice  big  thing  of  its  kind. 

B.  and  R. ;  Bulle  and  Rigutini,  in  their 
Italian-German  dictionary. 

B.C.;  before  Christ. 

bit.;  base  Latin,  popular  spoken  Latin 
of  late  date,  say,  later  than  the  5th 
century,  A.D. 

Bocc.;  Boccaccio. 

bookb. ;  term  of  bookbinding. 

bootm. ;  term  of  boot-making. 

hot.;  botanical  term,  in  botany. 

butch. ;  butcher's  term. 

chem.;  in  chemistry. 

cogn. ;  cognate  to. 

collect. ;  collective  term. 

com.;  in  commerce,  commercial  term. 

com.  leg.;  term  of  commercial  law. 

cond. ;  conditional. 

conn.;  connection,  connected. 

cook. ;  in  cookery. 

corr. ;  corruption,  corrupted. 

cp. ;  compare. 

D.;  Dante, 
desid. ;  desiderative. 
dim.,  dim.  vezz.;   see   Introductory  re- 
marks, §  14. 
diz. ;  dizionario. 
dub.;  dubious. 

E.,  as  E. ;  English,  used  as  in  English, 

see  Introductory  remarks,  §  9. 
e.g. ;  exempli  gratia,  for  example, 
ecrl. ;  ecclesiastical  term, 
eel.;  eclogue, 
emph. ;  emphatic, 
esp. ;  especially. 


etym. ;  etymology. 

euph. ;  i.  euphemism.     2.  euphony. 

Ex.;  Exodus. 

ext;  extension. 

f. ;  feminine. 

fam. ;  familiar  term. 

fig.;  figurative,  figuratively. 

fortif. ;  in  fortification. 

Fr. ;  French. 

freq. ;  frequentative.  1 1  is  to  be  observed 
that  the  frequentative  form  of  a  verb 
is  in  effect  a  mere  diminutive. 

fut. ;  future. 

genealog. ;  genealogical  term, 
geogr. ;  geographical  term, 
geol. ;  geological  term, 
geom. ;  geometrical  term. 
Germ.;  German, 
glassm. ;  in  glassmaking. 
goldsm. ;  goldsmith's  term. 
Gr. ;  Greek, 
gram.;  grammatical  term. 

harnessm. ;  harnessmaker's  term, 
hatm.;  in  the  hat-making  trade, 
herald. ;  heraldic  term,  in  heraldry. 
hist.;  as  an  historical  term, 
hydraul. ;  in  hydraulics, 
hyperb. ;  by  way  of  hyperbole. 

i.q. ;  idem  quod,  the  same  as,  see  below, 
under  the  sign  =. 

ichth.;  in  ichthyology. 

id. ;  idem,  the  same. 

imit. ;  imitative,  formed  by  imitation 
of  natural  sounds,  a  mode  of  word- 
formation  sometimes  called  onoma- 
topceic. 

imperf. ;  imperfect. 

ind. ;  indicative. 

indecl. ;  indeclinable. 

Inf.;  the  Inferno  of  Dante. 

inf.;  infinitive  mood. 

init. ;  initium,  beginning.  Sub  init., 
near  the  beginning. 

intens. ;  intensive. 

interj. ;  interjection. 

intr. ;  intransitive. 

iron. ;  ironical,  in  irony. 

It.,  Ital.;  Italian. 

jewel.;  jewellers'  term. 

Korting ;  the  etymological  dictionary  of 
the  Romance  languages  (in  German), 
in  relation  to  Latin,  by  Prof.  Korting. 

L. ;  Latin,  see  Introductory  remarks,  §18. 
Ib. ;  libra,  pound  weight, 
leg.;  legal  term,  in  legal  phraseology. 
Lex.;  Lexicon. 


lit.;  literal,  literally. 

liter.;  literary,  in  literary  use. 

Lith. ;  Lithuanian. 

m. ;  masculine. 

M.  E.;  Middle  English. 

M.  H.  G. ;  Middle  High  German. 

Mach. ;  Machiavelli. 

mar.;  marine  term. 

math.;  mathematical  term. 

med. ;  medical  term. 

metall.;  in  metallurgy. 

mil.;  military. 

min.;  in  mineralogy. 

mlt.;  medieval  Latin,  see  p.  331,  Latinita. 

mus. ;  in  music. 

myth.;  mythological  term. 

n. ;  neuter, 
neg. ;  negative. 

O.  Fr. ;  Old  French. 

O.  H.  G. ;  Old  High  German. 

orig. ;  origin,  originally. 

Orl.  Fur. ;  Orlando  Furioso,  the  poem 

by  Ariosto. 
ornith. ;  ornithological  term. 

paint.;  in  painting. 

Par. ;  the  Paradise  of  Dante. 

part.,  parts. ;  participle,  participles ;  the 
term  has  been  extended  in  this  book 
to  include  the  gerunds  of  verbs. 

pegg. ;  peggiorativo.  pegg.  vezz. ;  peg- 
giorativo  vezzeggiativo,  a  kindly  sort 
of  "peggiorativo,"  as  Burlonaccio, 
abominable  joker,  see  Introductory 
remarks,  §  14. 

perf. ;  perfect. 

perh. ;  perhaps. 

pers. ;  personal,  belonging  to  human 
beings. 

pharm. ;  in  pharmacy. 

phys. ;  in  physics. 

pi.;  plural. 

poet.;  poetic,  poetry. 

pop.;  popular. 

Portug. ;  Portuguese. 

prep. ;  preposition. 

pres. ;  present  tense. 

print.;  in  printing. 

priv. ;  privative. 

prob. ;  probable,  probably. 

prov. ;  proverb. 

Provenc..;  Provencal. 

Purg.;  the  Purgatorio  of  Dante. 

q.v. ;  quod  vide,  which  see. 

rep.;  republic, 
repet.;  repetitive. 

S. ;  Santo. 


XVI 


ABBREVIATIONS 


sailm. ;  sailmaker's  term. 

Sanskr. ;  Sanskrit. 

sb.;  substantive,  see  below,  vbsb. 

sc. ;  scilicet,  that  is  to  say. 

scherz. ;  scherzando,  see  Introductory 
remarks,  §  14.  scherz.  augm.,  an 
augmentative  used  jestingly. 

seq. ;  et  sequentia,  and  so  on,  and  the 
rest  of  it,  what  follows. 

sing.;  singular. 

Span.;  Spanish. 

spreg. ;  spregevole,  spregiante,  indicat- 
ing disparagement,  see  Introductory 
remarks,  §  14. 

sq. ;  square. 

sub. ;  substantive. 

sub  fin.;  sub  finem,  near  the  end. 

sub  init. ;  sub  initium,  near  the  begin- 
ning. 

subj. ;  subjunctive. 

superl.;  superlative. 

surg. ;  surgical  term. 

syncop. ;  syncopated,  a  syncopation  of 
or  from. 

T.  and  B. ;  the  dictionary  by  Tommaseo 
and  Bellini. 


theat.;  theatrical  term, 
theol. ;  in  theology, 
tr. ;  transitive, 
transl. ;  translation. 

unkn. ;  unknown, 
usu. ;  usually. 

v. ;  vide,  see,  refer  to. 

var. ;  variant. 

vb. ;  verb. 

vbsb. ;  verbal  substantive,  substantive 
formed  regularly  from  a  verb. 

vet. ;  veterinary  term. 

vezz.;  vezzeggiativo,  endearing,  see  In- 
troductory remarks,  §  14. 

vit. ;  vita,  life. 

viz.;  videlicet,  namely. 

vulg. ;  vulgar,  low. 

Walde ;  the  Latin  etymological  diction- 
ary (in  German)  by  Prof.  Walde. 
Wallach.;  Wallachian. 
watchm.;  in  the  watch-making  trade. 
Wtbch. ;  Worterbuch,  dictionary. 


zool.;  in  zoology. 


+  ;  plus,  together  with. 

=  ;  is  the  equivalent  of.  As  used  in 
the  explanatory  text  the  sign  implies 
that  the  word  under  discussion, 
though  not  obsolete,  is  obsolescent 
and  unusual,  and  is  the  equivalent 
in  meaning  of  the  commoner  word 
following  it.  In  the  etymology  = 
means  either  "borrowed  from,"  or 
"corresponding  to."  Thus  Seppia 
is  derived  by  regular  development 
from  the  Latin  sepia,  but  when  this 
is  stated  to  be  =  Gr.  <rrj7rla  the 
meaning  intended  to  be  conveyed  is 
that  the  Latin  word  is  not  native 
in  Latin,  but  borrowed  from  Greek. 
But  the  sense  of  "  =  "  in  the  etymo- 
logy of  Schiappare  is  simply  that  of 
"  corresponding  to."  Common  sense 
and  the  context  will  show  which 
meaning  is  intended. 

>,  <  ;  these  algebraical  signs  are  used 
to  denote  "source  of"  and  "derived 
from  "  respectively. 


*.     Words  so  marked  are  obsolete  or  at  least  not  in  common  use. 
f  indicates  a  word  of  local,  generally  Tuscan,  use. 

**.     The  double  asterisk  is  used  in  the  etymology  to  indicate  theoretical  or  hypothetical  forms,  the 
existence   of  which  is  evidenced   by  known    forms,  see   Introductory   remarks,  §  19. 


ITALIAN-ENGLISH    DICTIONARY 


A/;  rarely  «.;  the  letter  A.    Essere 
all'  — ,  to  be  at  the  beginning.    Dall'  - 
alia  zeta,  from  beginning  to  end.   Rifarsi 
dalF  — ,  to  do  one's  work  again  from  the 
beginning. 

A ;  prep.  (L.  ad,  akin  to  A.S.  czt  >  E. 
at),  to,  by,  at,  etc.  —  casa,  at  home. 
—  cavallo,  on  horseback.  —  mente,  by 
heart.  Oggi  —  otto,  in  a  week's  time. 
Tiro  —  quattro,  team  of  four.  A',  contr. 
of  Ai,  to  the. 

Abaca/;  a  species  of  plantain,  MUSH  textilis, 
from  which  Manilla  hemp  is  obtained. 
Abacchio  ;  v.  Abbacchio. 

A'baco  m.  (L.,  r<.  Abbaco);  (arch.)  abacus,  a 
level  tablet  on  the  capital  of  a  column  supporting  the 
entablature. 

*Abaday!;  an  African  animal  mentioned  by  early 
travellers,  perhaps  the  rhinoceros. 

t  Abadalillare;  =  Stare  a  bada,  v.  Bada. 
*  Abadessa  ;  v.  Badessa. 
*Abadia;  ?/.  Abbazia. 

Abalienazidne/j  (leg.)zs  E.,  the  act  of  trans- 
ferring the  title  to  property. 

t Abalociare;  — Abborracciare,  to  bungle. 

Abac  m.  •  (hist.)  the  Capitano  del  popolo  in  the 
Genoese  republic  (said  to  be  a  corr.  of  Abate). 

Abdte  (Abbate)  m.  (L.  abbas  <  Gr., 
<Syriac  abba  father) ;  I.  abbot.  Parere 
un  padre  — ,  i.e.  to  be  very  fat.  2.  priest. 
3.  one  of  the  secular  clergy.  4.  semi- 
narist, one  in  training  for  ordination. 

Aft.  Abat-accio /*££-.,  -mo  dim,,  -dne  augm.,i.e. 
an  Abate  either  personally  big,  or  wealthy;  -<5nzolo 
f'gf-,  -ucciaccio  Jim.  spreg.pegg.,.u,<xx>  dim.  spree., 
-ucolo  dim.  pegg. 

AT)avo  m.  (L.) ;  great-great-grand- 
father, in//,  ancestors. 

Abbac-are  ind.  abbaco;  to  talk  or 
think  aimlessly,  to  let  the  thoughts 
wander  abroad.  Aff.  -amento. 

t  Abbaccare ;  =  Saltare,  Accavalciare. 

Abbacchi-are  or  Bacchiare  (It.  bac- 
chio,  club);  I.  to  knock  down  fruit, 
esp.  nuts  or  olives.  2.  —  le  acerbe  e 
le  mature,  fig.  to  act  without  discrimi- 
nation, behave  with  no  regard  for 
decorum,  make  love  to  young  and  old. 
3.  to  sell  too  cheap,  to  waste  one's 
property.  4.  to  marry  (a  girl)  off  on 
any  terms. 

*i.  =  Sbatacchiare,  to  bang  about,  ii.  =BasMn.ire, 
to  beat.  iii.  =  Sbigottire,  to  terrify,  iv.  part,  -ato, 
humbled,  depressed. 

Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ata,  bang.  All'  -ata,  like  a  lunatic, 
anyhow;  -atura,  the  knocking  down  fruit  or  the 
season  for  doing  it. 

Abbacchio  (Abacchio)  m. ;  lamb, 
when  killed  and  dressed  ready  for 
eating. 

Etym.  Prot.zcorr.olL,.miicula(~>**i>vacula), 
dint,  of  ovis,  sheep ;  the  alteration  of  form  may  be 
due  to  the  influence  of  Abbacchiare,  the  lamb  being 
considered  as  killed  by  a  blow  from  a  club.  For  mis 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Ewe. 

Abbachicr-e  m.,  -» /. ;  =  Abbachista. 

H. 


Abba-chfno  m.;  dim.  -co.  Far  gli 
-chini,  to  begin  arithmetic. 

Abbachista  m.\  one  who  makes  silly 
calculations. 

*arithmetician,  accountant. 

Abbacin-are  ind.  abbaci'no;  i.  to 
blind  with  a  red-hot  Bacino,  q.v.  2.  to 
injure  the  eyes  by  excessive  light.  3.  fig. 
to  blind  (the  judgment).  4.  part,  -ato, 
of  eyes,  dimmed  by  disease  ;  of  glass, 
dulled  ;  of  light,  dim ;  of  inscriptions 
or  writing,  worn  out  or  faded.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

*i.  to  obscure  a  lesser  light  by  a  greater.  II  sole 
nascendo  abbacina  le  stelle,  the  rising  sun  extin- 
guishes the  stars,  ii.  part,  -ato,  deprived  of  a  friend 
by  death. 

A'bbaco  ;«.;  i.  calculating  frame,  the 
abacus  Pythagoricus.  2.  board  strewn 
with  sand  on  which  to  draw  figures, 
used  by  the  ancient  mathematicians. 
3.  art  of  counting.  4.  school  of  arith- 
metic. 5.  arithmetic  book;  Far  1'  — , 
to  do  arithmetic.  6.  skill  in  calculation, 
or  intelligence  generally ;  Aver  poco  — 
to  be  stupid  ;  Ti  ci  vuol  1'  —  ?,  is  cleyer- 
ness  wanted  for  this?,  i.e.  can't  you 
understand  ? 

Etym.  L.  abacus  (<Gr.  a/3a|,  ajSaKot,  slab),  the 
b  being  doubled  as  usual.  Abaco  with  one  b  is  taken 
direct  from  Latin  writers  on  architecture,  so  that  this 
spelling  is  used  for  the  architectural  abacus,  v.  Abaco. 

Abbac6n-e  ;«.,  -a/;  idle  dreamer, 
v.  Abbacare. 

Abbadare  ind.  abbado;  pop.  for  Badare,  to 
attend. 

*  to  spend  a  long  time  in  consideration. 
*Abbad-essa  *-ia;  v.  Bad-essa,  -ia. 
Abbagli-aggine,  -ame'nto  ;  vosos.  of -are. 

Abbagli-are  ;  (A)  (perhaps  from  a 
bit.  form,  **nd-bar-lucolart!,  v.  Bagliore, 
Sbagliare ;  an  alternative  would  be 
**ad-variculare);  i.  to  dazzle  or  intr. 
be  dazzled.  2.  (paint.)  to  deaden 
(colours).  3.  -arsi,  to  lose  clearness  of 
vision;  Mi  si  abbagliano  gli  occhi,  my 
eyes  are  getting  dim  ;  *-arsi,  to  be  mis- 
taken. 

*(B)(It.  bagaglio);  to  wrap  up. 

Abbaglio  in.;  i.  =  Abbagliamento, 
dazzling.  2.  fig.  =  Sbaglio,  mistake. 

Abbaglfo  in. ;  severe  or  continued 
dazzling.  Con  questo  —  d'  occhi  non 
c'  e  modo  ch'  io  possa  leggere,  my  eyes 
have  become  so  dazzled  that  I  cannot 
read  at  all. 

•Abbagliore  m.  ;=  Bagliore,  glare. 
Abbai-amento  m.;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Abbaiare  (imit.,  cp.  bit.  baubari,  old 
Fr.  baier,  Fr.  aboyer,  E.  bay);  i.  to 


bark.  2.  fig.  to  make  an  outcry.  3.  of 
a  bad  singer,  to  yell.  4.  —  dalla  fame, 
dalla  sete,  to  be  perishing  (lit.  barking) 
with  hunger  or  thirst.  5.  —  alia  luna, 
al  vento,  i.e.  with  no  result;  Per  me 
con  tutta  le  vostre  maldicenze  abbaiate 
alia  luna,  as  far  as  I  am  concerned,  with 
all  your  abuse,  you  are  wasting  your 
breath.  6.  Non  trovar  un  can  che  gli 
abbai,  not  to  find  a  dog  to  bark  at  him, 
i.e.  to  be  utterly  neglected,  or  of  a 
woman  to  receive  no  offer  of  marriage. 
7.  prmi.  E'  v'  abbaia  la  volpe,  it  is  there 
that  he  is  barking  at  the  fox,  i.e.  it  is  a 
dangerous  place. 

Abbaiata/;  i.  prolonged  baying, or 
of  several  dogs  at  once.  2.  shouting  of 
street  boys  after  a  person.  3.  severe 
scolding.  4.  hooting  an  actor  or 

singer. 

Abbai-atore,  .atorcllo  dim.,  -attira,  -atrice, 
-atura,  vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Abbalno  m.  (contr.  of  **Abbadino, 
place  of  observation,  <  Abbadare) ; 
i.  sky-light.  2.  garret  window. 

Abbaio  m.;  barking. 

Abbaio  in.;  multiplied  barking. 

Abbai6ne  m. ;  quarrelsome  fellow, 
brawler.  Far  1] — ,  =Fare  il  baione,  to 
cry  out  at. 

*  Abbaire  ;  =  Sbigottirsi,  to  be  alarmed. 
•Abbaliare  (It.  balia);  to  put  out  to  nurse. 
t  Abbaliciare  ;  =  Abborracciare,  to  bungle. 

Abbaliare  (It.  balla);  i.  to  roll  up 
for  packing.  2.  to  talk  nonsense. 

Abballinare  ind.  abballino  (var.  of 
Abbaliare);  to  turn  up  the  mattresses  so 
as  to  air  the  bed. 

Abballott-are  (It.  ballotta);  i.  to 
handle  roughly,  toss  about.  2.  -arsi,  of 
melted  iron,  to  cake  into  lumps.  *  to 
submit  (names)  for  voting  upon.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atura. 

Abbollottfo  tn. ;  i.  prolonged  ill 
usage.  2.  rough  dancing.  Dopo  un 
quarto  d'  ora  di  quell'  —  fu  messa  su 
la  quadriglia,  after  romping  like  that 
for  a  quarter  of  an  hour  they  arranged 
a  quadrille. 

tAbballucciare;  i.q.  Abbaliciare. 

t  Abbaluccicare  ;  =  Abbag!iare,  to  dazzle. 

t  Abbaluginare  ;  to  begin  to  feel  sleepy. 

*Abbambagiare  ;=  Imbottire,  to  quilt. 

Abbambinare  ind.  abbambfno ;  to 
move  heavy  logs  or  stones  by  twisting 
them  on  their  ends,  as  if  teaching  a 
baby,  Bambino,  to  walk. 


ABBAMBOLATO— ABBOCCARE 


Abbambolato  (It.  bambolo,  baby); 
of  eyes,  half-closed,  heavy  with  sleep, 
usu.  Ammammolato. 

*  Abbampare;  =  Avvampare,  to  blaze  up. 
Abbanc-are ;   to  stretch  out  (hides)  for  dress- 
ing.    *  — Imbancare,  to  fit  a  boat  with  thwarts.    Aff. 
-atura. 

Abbandon-are  ind.  abbandono;  i.  to 
abandon.  2.  to  drop.  3.  to  lay  down 
(arms).  4.  to  forfeit  (caution  money). 
-arsi:  5.  to  give  oneself  up  for  lost. 
6.  of  workmen,  to  become  slack.  7.  to 
let  oneself  fall.  Part.  -ato.  8.  foundling. 
9.  in  pi.  Gli  -ati,  the  foundling  hospital 
formerly  existing  at  Florence.  *  -arsi, 
to  permit  oneself.  D.  Inf.  2.  34. 

Etym.  Cog».  old  Fr.  and  Proven9-  battdon,  per- 
mission, authorisation ;  old  Fr.  a  bandon^  at  liberty. 
Cp.  bit.  bandum,  a  proclamation ;  Gothic,  banvjaH^ 
to  show  by  signs;  O. H.G.  ban,  proclamation;  akin 
to  L.  /ama,  root  bha,  to  say. 

Abbanddno  m. ;  i.  abandonment. 
2.  Lasciare  in  — ,  to  neglect,  leave  to 
chance.  3.  Correre  or  Fuggire  in  — , 
to  run  helter-skelter. 

*  Abbarattare  ;=Barattare,  to  barter. 

Abbarbagli-are,  strengthened  form 
of  Abbagliare ;  to  dazzle.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-o,freq.  s6. 

Abbarbic-are  ind.  abbdrbico  (It. 
barba,  root);  i.  to  strike  root,  -arsi: 
2.  to  become  rooted.  3.  to  hold  on  by 
fibres,  as  ivy.  4.  of  any  passion  or 
vice,  to  take  firm  hold.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Abbarc-are  (It.  barca);  to  heap  up. 
Aff.  -atura. 

*  Abbarrare  ;  =  Sbarrare,  to  bar  up. 

Abbaruff-are  (It.  baruffa);  i.  to 
make  untidy,  rumple,  -arsi :  2.  to  come 
to  blows,  scuffle.  3.  of  the  sea,  to  get 
rough.  4.  to  squabble. 

Aff.  -amento,  -io.     i.  scuffling.     2.  disorder. 
Abbassaluce  HI.  *>K/«r/.;  =  ParaIume,  Ventola. 

Abbass-are  (It.  basso);  i.  to  lower, 
either  as  a  whole,  e.g.  a  sail,  or,  by 
removing  the  top,  e.g.  of  a  wall.  2.  to 
reduce  the  price  of,  or  intr.  to  fall  in 
price.  3.  to  diminish  the  reputation 
of.  4.  to  take  down  ;  Allo  scoppiare 
della  guerra  1'  ambasciatore  -6  le  armi, 
on  the  outbreak  of  war  the  ambassador 
took  down  his  insignia  from  the  front 
of  his  house.  5.  to  strike  (a  blow). 
6.  to  send  down  (an  order)  to  the 
servants.  Also  intr.  7.  of  clouds,  to 
come  down  low.  8.  of  a  river,  to  drop, 
after  a  flood.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Abbass-ata  f. ;  r.  v.  -are.  2.  a  measure  of  ihe 
amount  of  work  done  at  a  loom. 

Abbass-at6re  m. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  (anat.)  de- 
pressor muscle. 

Abbasso  adv.;  below.  Stanza  d'  — , 
room  in  the  basement.  Giu  —  la  scesa, 
further  down  the  slope.  —  il  cappello, 
take  off  your  hat.  —  i  tiranni,  down 
with  tyrants.  In  the  last  two  phrases 
Giu  is  better  Italian. 

Abbastante  ad~u.\  pop.  for  Abbastan/a. 

Abbas tanza  adv. ;  I.  enough.  2.  be- 
fore an  adj.  =  Piuttosto,  rather,  some- 
what. 3.  Aver  —  di,  to  have  had  enough, 
i.e.  too  much,  of  a  thing. 

Abbastare ;  pop.  for  Bastare,  to  suffice. 
Abbastonato ;  (arch.)  of  a  pillar,  ridged,  the 
ridges  being  laid  on  to  the  general  surface. 


*  Abbatacchiare  ;  strengthened  form  of  Abbac- 
chiare,  to  knock  down. 

Abbatt-ere  per/,  abbatte'i,  part. 
abbattuto  (It.  battere  with  prefix  a 
=  L.  ad}  ;  i.  to  throw  down.  2.  to 
fell  (trees).  3.  to  overthrow.  4.  of  a 
door  or  window,  to  put  to,  partly  to 
shut.  5.  to  discourage,  -ersi :  6.  to  be 
alarmed,  lose  courage.  7.  -  -  in,  to 
meet  by  chance.  8.  —  a  vedere,  to 
happen  to  see.  9.  —  bene  or  male, 
to  have  good  or  ill  fortune  in  marriage 
or  getting  into  some  employment,  etc. 
10.  impers.  Se  s'  abbattesse  che,  if  it 
should  happen  that....  n.  {mar.}  to 
cast,  to  fall  off.  12.  --in  carena,  to 
heave  (a  ship)  down,  to  careen  her. 
*to  abate,  deduct. 

Abbattififeno  m. ;  trap-door  in  a  hay- 
loft. 

Abbattim4nto  m.;  i.  -vbsb.  of  Ab- 
battere.  2.  representation  of  a  battle 
on  the  stage. 

Abbattuta/;  (mar.)  casting,  falling  oft".  *i.  fall 
of  trees.  ii.  (mil.)  breastwork  of  trees,  abattis. 
iii.  Jig.  defeat. 

Abbattuto;  \.part.  Abbattere.  2.  as 
adj.  looking  poorly. 

Abbatufol-are ;  i.  to  make  up  into 
a  pad,  Batufolo.  2.  to  tangle.  3.  -arsi, 
to  scuffle. 

*  Abbavagliato;=Tmbavagliato,  muffled  up. 
A'bbavi  HI.  ;  baobab  tree,  Adansonia  dzgitatct. 

Abbazi-a  (Abazia)  f. ;  I.  monastery 
or  convent.  2.  abbacy,  abbotship. 
3.  revenue  of  an  abbot.  Aff.  -iale. 

Abbecedario  m. ;  ABC  Book,  v. 
Abecedario. 

"Abbellare;  i.  =  Abbelltre.     ii.  to  be  pleasing. 

Abbellim^nto  m. ;  i .  vbsb.  of  Ab- 
bellire  in  lit.  sense,  v.  Abbellitura. 
2.  in  the  printing  of  vocal  music,  sign 
of  what  is  called  in  German  Koloratur, 
runs,  trills,  etc. 

Abbell-ire  (Abellare,  Abellire)  ind. 
-isco  (It.  bello)  ;  i.  to  embellish. 
2-  fig-  to  embellish  (a  tale),  or  in 
questionable  fashion  to  embellish  (an 
excuse  with  lies),  -irsi  :  3.  to  adorn 
oneself.  4.  -  d'  una  cosa,  to  take 
what  you  like  from  a  large  store  ;  Sono 
andato  alia  libreria  X  e  mi  sono  -ito,  I 
went  to  X  the  bookseller's  and  got  all 
I  wanted  ;  C'  e  da  —  fam.,  there  is 
heaps  of  it.  AJf.  -itore,  -itrice. 

Abbell-itura/;  vbsb.  of  -ire  m  Jig. 
sense,  embellishment  of  a  story,  v. 
-imento. 

Abbenche  conj. ;  pop.  for  Benche,  though. 
*Abbendare;    i.  =Bendare,    to    tie    up.      ii.  = 
Affollare. 

tAbberlinare;  to  confound,  distract. 
•Abbertescare  (It.  bertesca);  to  fortify. 

Abbever-are  ind.  abbeVero  ;  i .  to 
water  (cattle).  2.  Jig.  Tu  m'  -i  di 
assenzio  e  di  fiele,  you  are  giving  me 
wormwood  and  gall  to  drink,  i.e.  very 
bitter  news  to  hear. 

_  *i.  to  stupefy  with  drink,  ii.  to  overwhelm 
with....  iii.  to  fill  (a  mould)  with  molten  metal, 
iv.  to  irrigate,  v.  to  taste  (a  beverage),  vi.  —  altrui 
d'  una  cosa,  to  make  him  acquainted  with  it.  -arsi : 
vii.  =  Imbeversi,  to  be  saturated,  viii.  to  quench 
one's  thirst 


Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  abreuver,  <old  Fr.  abevrer, 
Proven^,  and  Catalan  abeurar,  Span,  abrevar  <blt. 
**ad-biberare<\<.  bibere,  v.  Bere. 

*  Abbeverato  m. ;  dregs. 

Abbeyeratdio  m.;  i.  cattle-trough. 
2.  Caccia  all'  — ,  catching  birds  by 
spreading  bird-lime  along  their  drink- 
ing places. 

*Abbl»i.;  =  Abbicd. 

Abbiabbe  m. ;  Essere  all'  — ,  to  be 
learning  to  spell,  lit.  to  say  A,  B — Ab ; 
Essere  sempre  all'  — ,  never  to  get 
beyond  the  beginning. 

t  Abbiaccare;  to  squash  with  the  foot. 

Abbiad-are;  to  break  a  horse  to  oats, 
after  being  out  at  grass ;  Ben  -ato,  in 
good  condition. 

£g~To  feed  with  oats  is  Biadare. 

*Abbiato  7«. ;   i.  =  Prova.     ii.  =  Abbiabbe. 

Abbic-are  ind.  abbi'co  (It.  bica, 
sheaf) ;  to  pile  up. 

*-arsi,  to  cling.     Sinche  alia  terra  ciascuna  s"  ab- 
bica,  each  one  grovels  on  the  ground.     D.  Inf.  9.  78. 

Abbiccl  m. ;  i.  A,  B,  C.  2.  an 
alphabet  mounted  for  hanging  on  a 
wall. 

*  Abbicocca_/T;  =  Albtcocca,  apricot. 
•Abbientare  ;  =  Abilitare,  to  qualify. 

Abbiente  (L.  habens,  v.  Avere);  own- 
ing. Gli  -i  e  i  non  -i,  the  haves  and  the 
have-nots.  *capable. 

•Abbiettare;  (A)z/.  Abietto.   (B)  to  affix  Bictte, 
wedges. 

Abbigliam6nto  m.  ;  fashionable 
dress. 

*i.    ornament  on   a   dress,      ii.    decoration   of  a 
theatre,     iii.  Jig.  rhetorical  ornament. 

Abbigliare  (Fr.  habiller,  lit.  to  make 
habile ;  L.  habilis,  presentable) ;  to  dress 
smartly. 

*  i.  to  put  tidy.    ii.  to  decorate. 

Abbigliatura  / ;  style  of  dress. 
Abbiglio  in. ;  setters.,  a  poor  sort  of 
smart  dress. 

*Abbinare;  i.  to  join  into  a  pair.    ii.  to  sort  into 
pairs. 

Abbindol-are  ind.  abbmdolo ;  I.  to 
deceive,  to  humbug  (a  person),  -arsi : 
2.  of  a  rope  of  a  well,  etc.,  to  get  twisted 
up.  3.  fig.  to  be  perplexed ;  v.  Bindolo. 

*  to  wind  (the  skein)  upon  the  bobbin. 

AJf.  Abbindot-ame'nto,  -ato>a,  -atrice,  -atura 
trick. 

tAbbioccare;  i.  to  cluck  like  a  hen.     ii.  — avvil- 
irsi,  to  feel  weak. 

Abbiosciarsi ;  i.  to  become  languid, 
^/.  Bioscio ;  to  lose  spirits.  2.  of  plants, 
to  droop. 

*to  give  in,  give  up  the  struggle,     t  of  snow,  to 
melt. 

tAbbirucciarsi;  to  scuffle. 

Abbisciatura  /  (It.  biscia,  snake); 
(mar.}  range  of  a  cable  chain,  that  part 
which  lies  ranged  on  the  deck. 

Abbisognare  ;  =  Bisognare,  to  need. 

Abbittare ;  (mar.)  to  bitt  (a  cable),  v.  Bitta. 

Abboccamento  m.;  i.  interview. 
2.  (anat.)  anastomosis  of  blood  vessels. 

*  hostile  encounter. 

Abbocc-are  ind.  abbocco (It.  bocca) ; 
i.  to  snap  up.  2.  of  a  course  of  action 
to  snatch  at.  3.  to  seize  with  the  jaws 
of  any  tool.  4.  to  fit  (two  mouth-pieces) 
together.  5.  to  place  the  mouth  of  a 
vessel  in  position  for  pouring  out.  6.  to 


ABBOCCATO— ABBRACCIATOIO 


fill  to  the  brim.  7.  to  re-fill.  8.  of  a 
boat  capsizing,  to  go  gunwale  under. 
9.  to  fix  (a  nail)  but  not  hammer  it 
down.  10.  of  a  river  to  fall  (into  the 
sea  or  another  river). 

-arsi :  1 1.  to  have  an  interview. 
12.  —  di,  to  come  to  an  agreement 
about....  13.  (mil.)  to  come  to  an 
engagement,  to  fight. 

Part,  -ato :  14.  brimful.  15.  of  a 
bottle,  with  the  rim  unbroken.  1 6.  pers. 
ready  to  eat  anything,  -ato  e  segnato, 
with  an  extraordinary  appetite  ;  this 
expression  was  formerly  applied  to 
bottles  filled  and  sealed.  17.  open  to 
the  influence  of  a  good  dinner  ;  hence, 
generally,  open  to  a  bribe.  18.  of  wine, 
sweet.  So  also  as  s6.,  Un  vino  che  ha 
troppo  — ,  a  wine  that  is  too  sweet. 

Abboccato  »/.  ;  sweetness,  v.  Abboccare  (18). 
Abboccatdio  m. ;  mouth  of  a  furnace. 

Abboccatura  f.\  i.  vbib.  of  Ab- 
boccare. 2.  joint  or  meeting  of  the 
segments  of  a  folding  door,  or  pair  of 
shutters,  or  of  a  door  with  the  door- 
post. 3.  the  liquid  added  to  that  in  a 
jug  to  fill  it  up,  v.  Abboccare  (7). 
4.  -  del  pane,  part  of  a  loaf  not 
baked  through,  from  having  been  too 
near  the  mouth  of  the  oven.  5.  that 
part  of  the  contents  of  a  sack  which  is 
near  the  mouth.  6.  flour  that  first 
comes  from  the  mill-stones.  7.  flour 
that  remains  in  the  mill ;  La  farina  ha 
avuto  buona,  o  cattiva,  — ,  the  flour  has 
met  with  good,  or  bad,  residue  in  the 
mill. 

*i.  rim  of  a  jar.  ii.  mouth  of  a  river,  iii.  calli- 
pers, an  instrument  for  measuring  the  calibre,  e.g.  of 
a  ball. 

Abbocch^vole ;  of  little  stability,  v. 
Abboccare  (8). 

*  Abbocconare;  to  cut  up  into  raouthfuls,Bocconi. 

*  Abboddire  (cp.  A.S.  bodig>  E.  body);  to  cram 
with  food. 

*  Abbombare  :  =  Inzuppare,  to  moisten. 
Abbonacci-are  (It.  bonaccia);  to  calm.     AJf. 

-amento. 

Abbon-amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Abbon-are  ind.  abbono;  (A)  (It. 
bono) ;  i.  to  verify  (an  account  or 
bill).  2.  to  recognise  as  accurate,  usu. 
with  neg. ;  Non  te  1'  — ,  dev'  essere  una 
calunnia,  I  do  not  believe  it  of  you,  it 
must  be  a  slander.  3.  to  allow  a  dis- 
count. 4.  -arsi,  to  grow  calm.  *i.  to 
improve,  ii.  to  pacify. 

(B)  (Fr.  abonner<u\&  Fr.  abourner, 
consequently  a  var.  of  aborner<  borne 
boundary,  and  cognate  to  bit.  abonare, 
abonnare,  to  mark  out  land,  also  to 
redeem  feudal  rights,  so  that  the  lit. 
meaning  of  abonner  is  to  prescribe 
limits) ;  to  take  a  season  ticket  for  (a 
person) ;  Ragazzi,  se  state  savi  v'  abbono 
al  teatro,  if  you  are  good,  my  boys,  I 
will  take  a  season  ticket  for  you  at  the 
theatre. 

AbbonatO  m.;  season-ticket  holder. 
(Subscriber  to  a  newspaper,  Fr.  abonnt, 
is  Associate.) 

*  Abbonazzare  ;  =  Abbonacciare. 

Abbondant-e;  abundant.  Tremiglia 
-i,  three  good  miles.  Aff.  -emdnte. 


Abbondanza  f. :  abundance.  *i.  overflow  of 
water,  ii.  public  stores  of  grain,  iii.  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  same. 

*  Abbondanziere  m. ;  official  of  the  public  stores. 

Abbondare  ind.  abb6ndo  (L.  abun- 
dare,  to  overflow  <  ab,  unda,  wave) ; 
i.  to  abound.  2.  tr.  to  overwhelm 
with  a  flood  of  words. 

Abbond6n-e  >«.,  -a  /  ;  one  wise  in 
his  or  her  own  conceit. 

Abbon-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  bono) ;  i.  to 
pacify.  2.  to  bring  (land)  into  good 
order.  3.  Quel  pesco  aveva  un  carico 
di  pesche,  me  n'  ha  -ite  dieci,  that  peach 
tree  was  loaded  with  peaches,  it  has 
ripened  ten  of  them. 

Abb6no  or  Abbudno  m. ;  \.  passing 
an  account  as  correct.  2.  discount 
allowed  off  an  account.  3.  start,  handi- 
cap ;  v.  Abbonare. 

*  Abbordabile  ;  accessible,  affable. 

Abbordaggio  in.;  i.  the  laying  a 
ship  alongside  of  another.  2.  boarding 
in  a  sea-fight.  3.  affability. 

Abbord-are  ind.  abboVdo  (It.  bordo); 

1.  to  lay  a  ship  alongside  of  another, 
esp.  in  battle.    2.  pers.  to  accost,  go  up 
to.     3.  -arsi,  of  ships  to  come  into  col- 
lision.      *  to    approach    (a    question), 
discuss  it. 

*  Abbordellare  ;  to  make  a  brothel  of. 

Abb6rdo  m. ;  i.  the  laying  a  ship 
alongside  of  another,either  in  a  sea-fight, 
or  accidentally  from  bad  seamanship, 
or  dragging  the  anchor,  with  a  collision 
in  consequence.  2.  Andare  all'  — ,  to 
approach  the  admiral's  ship  for  orders, 
or  to  approach  an  enemy's  ship  of 
superior  force  in  obedience  to  his 
orders.  3.  readiness  of  speech  ;  Sehti 
che  — ,  see  what  a  ready  talker  he  is  ; 
Uomo  di  grande  — ,  loquacious  man  ; 
Quel  professore  e  di  molto  —  ma  il 
fondo  si  trova  presto,  that  professor 
makes  a  fine  impression  at  first  but 
you  soon  get  to  the  bottom  of  him. 
4.  Uomo  di  facile  — ,  affable  man,  easy 
of  access.  5.  Di  or  Sul  primo  — ,  at 
first  sight,  on  first  impression. 

Abbordone  m. ;  chatterbox,  one  who 
will  accost  people  familiarly  whom  he 
hardly  knows. 

Abborracciare  (Abalociare,  Abbali- 
ciare,  Abballucciare)  (It.  borra,  borrac- 
cia) ;  tr.  or  intr.  to  work  hurriedly  and 
badly  ;  e.g.  of  a  schoolboy,  to  do  a 
careless  exercise ;  of  a  priest,  to  hurry 
over  (a  mass). 

*t.  to  stuff  with  poor  wool.     ii.    to  eat  or  drink 
regardless  of  how  or  what. 

AJf.  Abborracci-amento,-atamente,  -attire,  -atrice, 
-atura,  -<5na,  -onaccio,  -<5ne. 

Abborracclo  m.;  i.  perpetual  hurry. 

2.  doing  many  things  at  once  and  doing 
them  badly. 

•Abborrare;  i.  to  stuff  with  fluff,    ii.  to  amplify 
overmuch,  v.  Borra. 

*  Abborrire  ;  v.  Aborrire. 

*  Abboscato ;  =  Frondoso. 
*Abbotire(It.  boto);  to  take  a  vow. 

*  Abbottacciare  ;    i.  =  Abborracciare,   to  work 
carelessly,     ii.   to  believe  blindly. 

Abbottamento  m.  \  increase  of  weight  in  flour 
(through  absorption  of  water). 

*  Abbottarai ;  to  swell  out,  like  a  cask,  Botte. 


*  Abbottin-are  (It.  bottino);  i.  to  make  prize  of 
in  war.     ii.   to  plunder,    iii.   —  con,  to  divide  the 
spoil  with,    -arsi :  iv.   to  mutiny,     v.  —  di,  to  be  an- 
noyed at.     vi.   —  da,  to  separate  oneself  from. 

*  Abbott olare;  i.  =  Abborracciare,  to  work  care- 
lessly,    ii.   to  roll  (a  man)  over. 

Abbotton-are  ind.  abbott<5no ;  to 
button  up  ;  (Uomo)  -ato,  Jig.  close,  re- 
served. 

Abbottonatura  /. ;  i.  buttoning. 
2.  set  of  buttons.  3.  line  along  which 
buttons  are  placed. 

Abbovinare  ;  =  Imbovinare,  to 
spread  manure. 

Abbozzacchiare ;  to  make  useless 
schemes,  V.  Bozzacchio. 

*  Abbozzachire;=Imbozzacchire,  to  shrivel. 

Abbozzam^nto  m. ;  =  I  mbozzamento, 
bringing  the  broadside  to  bear. 

Abbozzare  ind.  abbozzo  (A)  (It. 
bozza) ;  I.  to  sketch  out.  2.  (mar.) 
=  Bozzare,  to  stopper  (a  cable). 

(B);  to  put  up  with  things  because 
one  must.  Con  prepotenti  di  quel 
genere  bisogna  che  abbozzi,  when  you 
have  to  do  with  such  powerful  people 
you  must  put  up  with  what  they  do. 
Similarly,  when  friends  are  wrangling, 
Abbozzate,  abbozza,  Come,  leave  off 
quarrelling,  lit.  put  up  with  what  you 
are  saying  of  each  other. 

Etym.  In  this  sense  the  word  goes  back  ulti- 
mately to  the  same  source  as  Abbozzare  (A),  but 
seems  more  immediately  akin  to  It.  Buzzo,  belly, 
•/.-.-•..  so  that  the  literal  meaning  is,  as  we  say,  to 
stomach  an  affront. 

Abbozz-ata,  rough  sketch,  -atamente,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atura  ;  v.  -are  (A). 

Abbozzatfccio ;  i.  sketchy.  2.  as 
sb. ;  sketch  supposed  to  be  finished  but 
looking  half  finished. 

Abbozzicchiare ;  to  make  poor 
sketches. 

Abbdzzo  m.  (O.H.G.  butze,  hump; 
through  Bozza,  q.v.  rough  hewn  stone) ; 
sketch,  roughly  formed  model.  Un  — 
d'  uomo,  a  deformed  man. 

Abbozzolarsi  ind.  m'  abbozzolo ;  of 
flour,  etc.,  to  cake  (lit.  to  form  a  cocoon, 
v.  Bozzolo). 

Abbracciaboschi  m. ;  honey-suckle, 
v.  Caprifoglio. 

t  Abbracciadonne  m. ;  =  Abbracciaboschi. 
Abbracciafusto  ;//. ;  sessile  leaf,  without  stalk. 
Abbracciamento  in.  ;  prolonged  embrace. 

Abbracci-are ;  i.  to  em  brace,  i.prov. 
Chi  troppo  -a  meno  stringe,  who  em- 
braces too  much  clasps  little,  i.e.  he 
who  attempts  too  many  businesses  suc- 
ceeds in  none ;  Abbraccerebbe  questo 
mondo  e  quell'  altro,  he  would  embrace 
this  world  and  the  next,  i.e.  wants  to 
have  a  hand  in  everything.  3.  —  San 
Pietro,  to  deny ;  —  Martino  or  1'  orso, 
to  drink  too  much. 

*-arsi,  to  fight.    *-ato,  sustained,  supported. 

Ajf.  Abbracci-atdre,  -atrice,  -<5ne,  -dna  person 
who  attempts  too  much  at  a  time,  -ucchiare  to  em- 
brace amorously. 

Abbracciata  / ;  i.  hasty  embrace. 
2.  embracing  all  round  of  numbers  of 
people. 

Abbracciat 6ie  /.  fl. ;  watchmaker's  nippers. 

*  Abbracci-atoio  nt.\    wrestling-ring.     * -atura, 
/.  armful. 

I 2 


ABBRACCIO— ABISSO 


Abbraccio  m.;  embrace. 

Abbracclo  m. ;  repeated  embraces, 
or  embraces  of  many  people. 

Abbracciucchiare  ;  of  lovers,  to  be 
too  demonstratively  affectionate. 

•Abbraciare  (Abbragiare,  Abbrasciare,  Abbra- 
siare)  (It.  brace);  i.  to  make  red  hot.  ii.  fig.  of 
love. 

Abbranc-are  ;  (A)  (It.  branca,  claw); 
to  seize,  -arsi,  to  cling  fast. 

(B)  (It.  branco,  herd);  to  collect  in 
a  drove,  or  of  galley  slaves,  to  chain 
together. 

t  Abbrancolito  ;  numb  with  cold. 

*  Abbras-ciare  or  -iare;  v.  Abbraciare. 
Abbrevi-are  ind.   abbrevio  (L.);    as  E.     Aff. 

-amento,  -atamente,  -ativo. 

Abbrevi-atdre  «/.  ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  secre- 
tary at  the  Vatican  chancery.  These  officials  made 
themselves  so  obnoxious  that  the  office  was  abolished 
by  Paul  II  in  1466  but  was  re-established  later. 

Abbrevi-atrice,  -atura,  -aturina,  dim.  vezz., 
•azione,  v.  -are. 

•Abbrezzare  (It.  brezza);  i.  to  feel  cold.  ii.  to 
be  caught  by  the  breeze. 

Abbriccagnolo m.  (It.  bricco,  in  sense 
of  projection,  broken  off,  cp.  Abbric- 
care  iv.) ;  i.  anything  to  climb  up  by, 
such  as  a  projecting  hook.  2.  excuse 
alleged  for  the  purpose  of  escaping 
punishment.  3.  any  tree-creeping  bird, 
such  as  the  nut-hatch,  woodpecker,  etc. 

tAbbricc-are  (It.  bricco,  fragment);  i.  to  throw 
stones  at.  ii.  —  un  colpo,  to  deliver  a  violent  blow, 
-arsi :  iii.  to  take  root.  iv.  to  take  hold  and 
climb  up. 

*  Abbricchin-o  m.,  -a/  ;  hanger  on,  spunger. 

t  Abbriccic-are  (It.  briccica);  to  trifle,  -arsi,  to 
climb. 

t  Abbriccichino  m.  •  i.  tree-creeper  (bird),  ii. 
ragamuffin. 

tAbbriccico  m. ;  trifle. 

t  Abbriccicdne  *«. ;  i.  one  who  makes  his  living 
out  of  odds  and  ends.  ii.  meddler. 

*Abbrigliare;=Imbrigliare. 

Abbrivare  (L.  abripare,  to  leave  the 
bank,  ripd);  (mar.}  tr.  or  intr.  to  get 
under  way.  Abbriva !  full  speed  ahead ! 

Abbrivid-ire  (-are)  ind.  -isco;  =  Rab- 
brividire,  to  shudder. 

Abbrivo  m.  ;  l.  way  of  a  ship. 
2.  Pigliare  1'  — ,  to  go  ahead ;  applied, 
as  in  E.,  to  many  things  besides  ships. 

*  Abbronciare  (-cire) ;  =  Imbroncire,  to  be  angry. 

Abbronzacchiare;  to  scorch  slightly. 

Abbronz-are  ind.  abbrdnzo  (It. 
bronzo)  ;  l.  to  scorch.  2.  to  colour 
brown  (without  fire). 

Ajff.  - amento,  -ata,  -atcllo  dint.,  -aticcio  dim. 
spreg. 

Abbronz-atura/;  i.v.  -are.  2.  rust, 
in  plants. 

Abbronz-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be  sun- 
burnt. *-ito  =  Abbronzato,  scorched. 

*  Abbronzo   m.  ;   i.  =  Abbronzamento,     ii.    the 
yellow  discoloration  of  old  paper. 

*  Abbrost-ire,  -olare,  -olire;  r/.  Abbrustolire. 

Abbruciabile ;  combustible. 

Abbruciacchi-are ;  i.  to  singe,  e.g. 
a  fowl  after  it  has  been  plucked  before 
boiling  it.  2.  of  very  hot  weather,  to 
scorch  (plants) ;  the  word  is  also  used 
for  the  discoloration  due  to  frost.  3.  to 
char  (the  surface  of  wooden  stakes).  Aff. 
-amento. 

Abbruci-are ;  to  burn.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


Abbrumato  ;  (mar.)  worm-eaten,  v. 
Bruma  (B). 

Abbrun-are;  to  drape  with  black 
for  mourning,  v.  Bruno.  (Lettera)  -ata, 
black-edged.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Abbrun-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  bruno) ;  to 
make  or  become  brown.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Abbrusc-are  ;  i.  =Abhnistolire.    ii. -arsi,  to  be 
surly. 

t  Abbruschino  w.;  =  Tostino,  coffee-roaster. 
Abbrustiare ;  =  Abbruciacchiare. 

Abbrustol-ire  (Abbrostire,  Abbros- 
tolare,  Abbrostolire,  Abbrustire,  Brus- 
tolare)  ind.  -isco  (**ad-per-ustulare 
where  ustulare  is  dim.  of  **its/are, 
freq.  of  L.  itrere,  to  burn) ;  i.  to  singe 
(fowls),  toast  (bread),  roast  (coffee). 
2.  to  burn  (meat  intended  to  be  only 
roasted).  Aff.  -fta  sb. 

Abbrut-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  brutalise. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Abbucciato;  of  cheese,  with  a  hard  rind. 

*  Abbuccinare  ;  to  whisper  abroad,  v.  Bucinare. 
t  Abbucinare  ;  to  deafen  with  shouting. 

Abbui-are  (It.  buio);  I.  to  darken. 
2.  fig.  to  hush  up.  3.  -arsi,  to  become 
gloomy,  either  lit.  of  the  weather,  etc.,  or 
fig.  of  a  person's  temper.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Abbuna  nt.  (Arabic  word  meaning  our  father, 
cp.  Abate) ;  head  of  the  Abyssinian  Church. 

Abbudno ;  v.  Abbono. 

Abburare ;  =  Abbronzare. 

*Abburattai-o  m.,  -a  f. ;  =  Cruschino,  person 
who  works  the  Buratto,  bolting  sieve. 

Abburatt-are  (It.  bu ratio) ;  i.  to 
sift  (meal).  2.  to  discuss,  sift  a  matter 
thoroughly.  3.  —  uno  qua  e  la,  to  send 
a  person  uselessly  about ;  -ato  da  Erode 
a  Pilato,  i.e.  sent  from  pillar  to  post. 
4.  —  le  parole,  to  choose  words  care- 
fully, allusion  is  implied  to  the  Academy 
"Delia  Crusca"  which  has  a  bolting 
sieve  for  its  emblem.  5.  —  le  questioni, 
to  discuss  things  ad  nauseam. 

*i.  to  humbug  (a  person),  deceive  him.    ii.  to  talk 
pointlessly.    iii.  to  lose  the  thread  of  one's  argument. 
Aff.  Abburatt-amgnto,  -atdre. 

Abburattata  /  ;  i .  the  sifting  of 
meal.  2.  the  bran  that  results  from 
it.  3.  miller's  charges  for  the  work. 

Abburatt6n-e  HI.,  -a/;  silly  talker, 
v.  Abburattare  (i). 

*  Abbuttinarsi  ;=Abbottinarsi,  to  mutiny. 

Abbuzz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  buzzo) ; 
i.  to  cram  to  repletion.  2.  of  the  sky, 
to  become  cloudy. 

Abdicare  or  Addicare  ind.  dbdico 
(L.  <ati,  dicare= dicer  e,  v.  Dire);  i.  to 
abdicate.  2.  —  a,  to  abdicate  from,  to 
renounce.  *  to  repudiate  (a  wife). 

Aff.  Abdic-atario,  -azidne  i.  the  act,  2.  the  docu- 
ment of  abdication. 
•Abdito;  hidden. 
Abdollao  in. ;  Egyptian  melon. 
Abduttdre  in. ;  (anat.)  abductor  muscle. 

Abecedario  or  Abbecedario  m.; 
child's  reading-book. 

*i.  book  arranged  in  alphabetical  divisions,  ii.  in 
pi.  a  section  of  the  Anabaptists  who  deemed  ignor- 
ance of  the  alphabet  necessary  to  salvation  and  seem 
to  have  received  this  nickname  on  the  "lucus  a  non 
lucendo  "  principle,  iii.  child  beginning  its  letters. 
iv.  adj.  alphabetical. 
Abele ;  Abel. 

•Abelire;  v.  Abbellire. 

Abelmdsco  m.  (Arabic  word);  (but. )  one  of  the 
mallows,  with  an  odour  of  musk. 


*Abenay!  (L.  habena);  bridle. 

*  Abentare  (L.  a  vento,  out  of  the  wind) ;  to  calm. 
Aff.  *Abento,  a  calm. 

Aberddnta ;  Aberdeen. 

*  Aberenunziare;  to  renounce  (a  Latinism  from 
the  baptismal  formularies). 

Aberinto  tft. ;  pop.  labyrinth. 

Aberrate  (L.);  to  err,  to  deviate. 

Aberrazidne/. ;  i.  error.  2.  (astr.)  aberration 
of  light.  3.  (medj  irregular  action  of  some  bodily 
organ. 

*  Aberrigeni  m.pl. ;  wandering  tribes. 

*  Abesto  ;  v.  Asbesto. 

**  Abetaia  f. ;  =  Abetina. 

Ab6t-e  or  pop.  -o  in.  (L.  abies) ; 
i.  (hot.}  fir  tree.  2.  fig.  ship.  3.  rud- 
der. 

Varieties  of  fir : — (a)  —  bianco,  silver  fir,  Picea 
pecthiata ;  (b)  —  rosso,  spruce  fir,  Picea  excelsa ; 
(c)  —  balsamifero,  Canadian  balm  of  Gilead  fir,  Abies 
balsamifera ;  (d)  —  bianco  del  Canada,  white  spruce, 
Abies  alba  ;  (<•)  —  del  Canada,  hemlock  spruce,  Abies 
Cftnadensis ;  (_f)  —  nero  or  americano,  American 
black  spruce,  Abies  nigra. 

Abet^lla  f.\  \.  fir  cut  down  and 
trimmed.  2.  scaffold  pole. 

Abetfello  in. ;  dim.  Abete. 

*  Abetia  J.  ;  =  Abetina. 

Abetina  (Abetaia,  Abetia)  / ;  fir 
forest.  *  =  Abetella. 

Abetlno;  i.  sb.;  dim.  Abete.  2.  adj.; 
made  of  deal.  *  (wine)  flavoured  with 
fir  needles. 

*Abezzo  w.  ;  =  Abete. 

*  Abi ;;/.;  —  Abbicci. 

Abiatic-o  m.  (L.  aviaticjis)  ;  i.  grandson, 
ii.  as  atij.;  Eredita  -a,  inheritance  from  the  grand- 
father. 

Abietlna/;  turpentine. 

Abi6tt-o  (L.);  abject,  low.  *humble. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -dzza. 

Abiezi6ne  / ;  misery. 

Abigeato  ;;/.  ;  cattle-stealing. 
Abigeo  in.  (L.  ab,  agere);  cattle-thief. 

A'bile(L./5afo7/j);  i. skilful.  2. legally 
qualified.  3.  suitable. 

Abilita/. ;  i.  ability.  2.  Abilita  a, 
and  Abilita  di : — the  former  is  general ; 
—  a  far  questo,  capacity  to  do  this ;  the 
latter  is  particular  ;  —  di  finir  questo  in 
tre  giorni,  ability  to  finish  this  in  three 
days.  3.  (iron.)  Dopo  avergli  fatto 
tante  cortesie  ha  avuto  1'  —  di  dirmi 
che  sono  uno  villano,  after  I  have 
shown  him  so  much  kindness  he  has 
had  the  face  to  tell  me  that  I  am  a 
boor ;  Bella  — ,  what  courage.  4.  legal 
qualification.  5.  faculty;  Fate  a  quel 
signore  tutte  le  —  che  desidera,  give 
that  gentleman  every  facility  he  de- 
sires. 

Abilit-are  zW.  abi'lito;  i.  to  qualify; 
La  Camera  ha  -ato  al  voto  chiunque  sa 
leggere  e  scrivere,  the  Chamber  has 
qualified  for  the  franchise  all  who  can 
read  and  write,  -arsi  :  2.  to  qualify 
oneself  (for  some  profession).  3.  So 
without  reference  to  any  particular  line, 
Quel  giovane  non  si  e  ancora  -ato,  that 
young  man  has  not  yet  adopted  any 
profession. 

Abilitazidne  f. ;  qualification. 
Abilm^nte;  cleverly. 

t  Abinare  ;  —  Combaciare,  to  couple. 

*  Abindue ;  both. 

Abisso  m.  (L.  <  Gr.  afivtraos,  bottomless  <  a 
priv,,  /3u<r(r6«,  depth);  abyss. 


ABISSARE— ACCAMPARE 


*  Abissare  ;=  Inabissare,  to  sink. 
Abitabile ;  habitable. 

Abitacolo  m. ;  i.  dwelling.  2.  (war.)  binnacle, 
compass  box.  (Binnacle  is  for  bittacle,  a  corruption 
of  Fr.  hal'itacte,  which  like  Abitacolo  is  from  L.  /;<!/>/• 
taculum.) 

Abitante  ;//.;  inhabitant. 

Abitare  ind.  abito;  i.  to  dwell,  live;  of  men 
or  animals.  2.  —  con  se,  to  live  alone.  3.  —  insieme, 
to  cohabit.  Also  tr.  4.  to  inhabit.  5.  to  populate. 
Paese  molto  -ato,  a  thickly  inhabited  country. 

Efyin.  L.  habitare,  freq.  oWtabere,  lit.  therefore, 
to  have  frequent  intercourse  with  a  place. 

Abitato  m. ;  the  inhabited  part  of  a 
district.  I  campi  santi  oggi  si  fanno 
fuori  dell'  — ,  burying  grounds  are  now 
kept  outside  inhabited  localities. 

Abit-at6re,  -atrice,  -azi<5ne  ;  vbsbs.  of -are. 

Abitlno  m. ;  i.  dim.  Abito.  2.  a 
sort  of  scapulary  formed  of  two  pieces 
of  cloth  with  the  figure  of  the  Virgin 
fastened  by  two  ribbons  near  the  neck. 

AJ})ito/>i.(L.  habitus,  attire,  <habere; 
lit.  therefore,  plight,  state,  specialised 
later  into  state  of  dress) ;  i.  suit  of 
clothes,  dress,  uniform ;  —  lungo,  cas- 
sock ;  —  corto,  clergyman's  coat  reach- 
ing down  to  the  knee  ;  Farsi  un  —  or 
-  complete,  to  ge.t  a  suit  of  clothes ; 
Staccare  un  — ,  to  buy  the  material  for 
a  suit ;  Un  taglio  d'  — ,  material  for  one 
suit.  2.  a  lady's  dress,  i.e.  smart  dress, 
not  a  working  gown.  3.  gentleman's 
coat.  4.  habit  of  a  religious  Order, 
cowl :  Vestire,  Lasciare  1"  — ,  to  enter 
or  quit  the  Order.  5.  i.q.  Abitino. 
6.  habit,  habitual  practice  (usu.  Abi- 
tudine) ;  Far  1'  -  -  a  una  cosa,  to 
accustom  oneself  to,  acquire  a  taste 
for.  7.  —  dell'  arte,  familiarity  with 
an  art,  mastery  of  its  technique.  8.  (med.) 
habit  of  body  ;  —  scrofuloso,  the  scro- 
fulous habit.  AJf.  Abitone  augni. 

Abitual-e;  habitual.  Febbre  — ,  continued 
fever.  Grazia  —  (tlieol.),  the  abiding  grace  of  God. 
Aff.  -m£nte. 

Abitu-are ;  as  E.  *  part,  -ato,  arrayed.  D. 
Purg.  20,.  146. 

Abituazidne  /.;  pop.  for  Abitudine. 

Abitudinario  m.\  man  of  fixed  habits. 

Abitudine  /.  (L.  habitude,  lit.  mode 
of  behaving,  <.habere) ;  I.  habit,  custom. 
2.  natural  disposition,  bodily  constitu- 
tion. Some  authorities  regard  Abitudine 
as  simply  a  Gallicism  for  Abito,  others 
would  use  Abito  for  a  habit  that  was 
being  developed,  as  in  the  phrase  Far 
1'  abito,  to  accustom  oneself,  and  Abi- 
tudine for  the  fully  formed  habit. 

Abituro  m. ;  hut,  hovel,  'habitation 
generally  or  of  animals. 

Abiur-a /.  (L.,<y«j):  abjuration.    Aff.  -are. 
'Ablaqueare  (L.    word,   root   lac,    hollow);    to 
clear  the  roots  of  a  plant. 

*  Ablasmare  ;  =  Biasimare,  to  blame. 
Ablasto ;  infertile  (egg). 

Ablativo  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat  ntb  voc.)\  ablative, 
*  Essere  all'  —  assoluto,  a  punning  phrase  for  being 
penniless. 

Abluente  ;  (med.)  cleansing,  abluent. 

Abluzidn-e/:  (L.,<abluo;  luo  is  a  contracted 
form  of  lai'O,  originally  **ltrvo,  cp.  Gr.  **Ao^«w  Aoiicu ; 
for  cogn.  forms  7-.  Skeat,  sub  Lather,  Lye);  i.  wash- 
ing. 2.  ritual  ablution,  esp.  the  dipping  of  the 
priest's  finger  in  holy  water  before  he  touches  the 
Host.  Aff.  -cella,  dim. 

Abneg-are  ind.  abnego :  to  renounce.  Ajff. 
-azio'ne. 

Abol-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  abolere  where  *>lere 
represents  some  lost  word  corresponding  to  Gr. 
oAAufu,  to  destroy) ;  to  abolish.  Aff.  -itivo,  -izidne. 

*  Abolla  /  (L.);  ancient  soldier's  cloak. 
Abomaso  ni. ;  Abomasum,  the  fourth  stomach 

in  ruminants. 


Etym.  A  strengthened  form  of  L.  omasum, 
bullock's  tripe,  which  is  prob.  for  **op-massom,  where 
op-  is  akin  to  ops,  v.  Opulento,  and  -nuissotn  to 
tnotlec,  Hiadidus,  wet.  7'.  Walde,  sub  Omasum. 

Abomin-are  ind.  abomino  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -azione, 
-evole.  Etym.  L.  ab-ontinari,  to  put  away  a  bad 
omen.  Omen  is<old  L.  ostnen,  prob,  akin  to  Gr. 
mo/""-  to  believe. 

Abominio  m. ',  i.q.  Aborainazione. 
*Abondare;    i.  =Abbondare.      tii.=Abbordare. 
iii.  =  Imbrogliare.     iv.  =Sbalordire. 

Aborigene  (L.) ;  as  E. 

Aborniello  m.;  (bot.)  laburnum,  v. 
Citiso. 

*Aborrare;  to  err. 

Aborrire  (Abborrire)  ind.  aborr-o  or 
-isco  (L.  abhorrere<horridus,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Horrid);  i.  to  abhor.  2.  intr.  — 
da,  to  shrink  back  from.  3.  pop.  to 
scold,  dress  down. 

Abort-ire  ind.  -isco  (\..,<ab parlor,  to  arise; 
7'.  Oriente);  as  E.  Aff.  -ivo,  -o,  sb.  abortion. 

tAbosino   m.   (forr.    of  Almosino  <  Arabic   al- 
rtiesmas)  ;=Susino,  plum-tree. 

*  Abraciare  (Abragiare) ;  —  Infiammare. 
Abr-adere  -asione  ;  as  E. 

*  Abramare  ;  —  Bramare. 

Abrog-are  ind.  abrogo  (L.,  v.  Rogare);  as  E. 
Aff.  -azio'ne. 

Abrdstin-e  or  -o  m.  (prob.  a  meta- 
thesis from  Arbustino);  (bot.}  wild  grape, 
Vitis  labrusca  ;  it  has  a  use  in  wine 
making. 

Abrdtano  m.  or  /  (an  Oriental 
word,  through  Gr.  dfiparovov,  and  very 
variously  spelt) ;  (bot.)  i.  m.  southern- 
wood or  old  man,  Artemisia  abrolanioit, 
a  herb  used  in  Southern  Europe  in 
making  beer.  2.  /  lavender  cotton, 
•v.  Crespolina. 

Abrotan6ideyC;  one  of  the  coral  insects. 

Abruzzi  m.  //.;  a  district  to  the  east  of  Rome. 

A'bside  (Asside)  /.  (Gr.  ii^i's,  01^605,  rim  of  a 
wheel,  hence  any  curved  form ;  ai/us  oypaci'a,  the 
vault  of  heaven  ;  <dirTiu,  to  fit);  apse.  *i.  vaulting 
over  the  choir,  ii.  episcopal  throne  in  the  apse, 
iii.  canopy  over  the  high  altar,  now  termed  Bal- 
dacchino. 

Abus-are  ;  i.  to  indulge  in  excesses.  2.  —  di 
or  -arsi  di,  to  abuse,  e.g.  a  person's  kindness,  to  make 
excessive  use,  as  of  wine. 

Abusione  /.  ;  overstrained  metaphor,  cata- 
chresis.  *=Abuso. 

Abus-o  ti:.',  i.  abuse,  i.e.  mis-use.  2.  excessive 
use.  'disuse.  Aff.  -ivame'nte,  -ivo. 

Abuzzago  (Abuzzagando,  Bozzago, 
Hozzacchio,  Bozzagro,  Buzzagro)  m.  (L. 
buteo);  buzzard,  v.  Poiana. 

Acabbo;  Ahab. 

*  Acace  / ;  =  Agata,  agate. 

Acacia  f.  (L. <Gr.  oxoxia,  root  ac,  to  pierce; 
v.  Acuto);  (bot.)  i.  —  arabica,  gum  Arabic  tree, 
Acacia  Arabia,  also  termed  Albero  da  gomma 
arabica.  2.  —  comune  bianca,  acacia  tree,  Robinia 
psfudacacia.  3.  — ^da  fieri  rosei,  rose  acacia,  Robinia. 
kispida.  4.  —  spinosa,  honey-locust  tree,  Gledit- 
scliia  triacattthos. 

Acagiu  m.  ;  cashew-nut  tree ;  v.  Accagiu. 

Acalefi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  a«aX^>),  nettle);  sea- 
nettles,  jellyfishes,  Acalephtr. 

*  Acanino  ;  a  word  of  unknown  meaning,  perhaps 
cruel. 

Acanto  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  axavQi),  root  ac  sharp); 
i.  (bot.)  acanthus,  v.  Erba  (75).  2.  the  same 
sculptured  on  the  capital  of  a  column. 

A'caro  m.  (L.<Gr.,  origin  unknown);  acarus, 
mite. 

Acasciaio  m.;  acacia  plantation. 

Acatalettico  (A)  trt.  (Gr.,<a  prh>.,  KaraAap- 
ftavia,  to  grasp) ;  one  who  holds  that  things  are  not 
what  they  seem. 

(B)  (Gr.,<d/ri7'.,KaTaAijy<u,to  stop);  complete 
(verse). 

Acattdlico ;  non-catholic. 

Acca  /  ;  i.  the  letter  H.  2.  fig. 
for  a  mere  nothing ;  Saper  quattro 


acche,  to  have  a  smattering  of  know- 
ledge. 

t  Accacchiare  ;  i.  =  Acquattare,  to  cause  to  lie 
down.     ii.   to  squander. 

Accademia  /.  (Gr.  oKaSrj/ma  from 
the  name  of  Academus  who  once  owned 
the  piece  of  land  near  Athens  where 
Plato  met  his  pupils) ;  i.  the  Academy 
of  Plato.  2.  academy  generally.  3.  meet- 
ing place  of  an  academy.  4.  Oggi  c'  e 
— ,  the  academy  sits  to-day.  5.  school, 
esp.  of  art.  6.  study  from  the  nude. 
7.  set  reading,  recitation,  or  public 
musical  performance.  8.  In  or  Per 
— ,  i.q.  Accademicamente. 

AccadAmicay;;  academy  student. 
Accademicamente;   not    seriously,   academi- 
cally. 

Accademico;    i.   Saggio  — ,  academy  essay. 

2.  academic,  unreal.     3.    academic  generally.     As 
sb.    4.    academy    student.      5.    philosopher    of    the 
Academic  school. 

Accad£re  ind.  accddo  or  *accaggio, 
fut.  accadro,  per/,  accaddi  -cadesti, 
part,  accaduto  (strengthened  form  of 
Cadere) ;  i.  to  happen.  2.  to  be 
requisite,  usu.  with  a  negative  ;  Potrei 
aggiungere  altre  ragioni  ma  non  accade, 
I  could  adduce  other  reasons  but  there 
is  no  occasion. 

*  Accaffare  (prob.  <L.  ad,  caput,  lit.  to  seize  by 
the  head,  caput^  becoming  caffo ;  v.  Caffo) ;  i.  =  Ac- 
chiappare,  to  seize,     ii.   to  pilfer.     D.  Inf.  21.  54. 

*  Accaggente  ;  suitable,  v.  Accadere. 

Accagionare  ind.  accagidno  (It 
cagione) ;  to  inculpate,  accuse.  *  to 
cause. 

Accagiu  or  Acagiu  in. ;  (bot.)  i.  Porno  d'  — , 
cashew  nut,  fruit  of  the  cashew-nut  tree,  A  nacarttium 
occidentale ;  the  words  Accagin,  cashew,  and  Fr. 
acajou  are  from  the  native  Brazilian  name  for  the 
nut  acaiit,  the  tree  which  produces  it  being  named 
acaiaba.  2.  —  da  farmacie,  Siuietenia  febrifuga. 

3.  —  da  mobili,  mahogany,  Suiietenia  Mahogani, 
also  termed  Magogano,  Mogano.     4.    —  da  tavole, 
Honduras   cedar,    Cedrela    odorata.      5.    —  della 
Nuova  Olanda,  Eucalyptus  robusta. 

Accagli-are  (It.  caglio);  to  curdle. 
AJf.  -amento,  -atura.  t-ata,  curds. 

Accalappiacani  ;//.;  dog-catcher. 

Accalappi-are ;  i.  to  catch  with  a 
snare,  Calappio.  2.  fig.  to  deceive, 
ensnare.  Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Accalcare  (It.  calca);  to  crowd  (peo- 
ple) together. 

Accaldarsi  (It.  caldo);  to  be  heated 
by  violent  exercise. 

t  Accallare  ;=Socchiudere,  to  half-shut, 
t  Accalognare;  to  calumniate. 

*  Accalor-are  or  -ire  (It.  calore);  pers.  to  warm 
with  emotion  or  anger. 

Accampan-are  ind.  accampdno;  to 
train  (vine-branches)  into  the  shape 
of  a  bell,  Campana,  by  bringing  them 
together  and  tying  them  up  at  one 
point,  -ato,  bell-shaped. 

Accamp-amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Accampare;  i.  to  encamp.  2.  fig. 
to  set  up  (excuses) ;  Accampa  certe 
ragioni  da  far  ridere  i  polli,  he  is 
bringing  out  the  most  absurd  argu- 
ments, lit.  such  as  to  make  the  fowls 
laugh. 

*  to  serve  as  an  ensign  to  an  army  encamping. 
La  vipera  die  i  Milanesi  accampa,  the  viper  which 
marks   the   Milanese   camp,   D.    Purg.   8.   80.     But 
another  reading  here  is,  che  il  Milanese  accampa, 
which  the  Milanese  leader  blazons  upon  his  shield. 


ACCAMPIONARE— ACCECAMENTO 


Accampionare  ind.  accampiono  (It. 
campione);  i.  to  register  (a  house  or 
land)  for  assessment.  2.  to  register  a 
road  for  maintenance  by  the  local 
authority.  3.  to  stamp  (a  weight  or 
measure)  as  correct. 

*  Accamuffare  ;  =  Camuffare. 

Accanalare  ind.  accandlo ;  i.  to 
hollow  out.  2.  to  dig  out  in  the  shape 
of  a  canal.  3.  (arch.)  to  channel,  flute, 
chamfer,  i>.  Scanalare  and  Scannellare. 

*  Accanare  :  to  set  (a  dog)  on,  either  on  the  trail 
of  an  animal,  or  to  attack  a  beggar. 

*  Accaneggiare ;  to  worry. 

Accanimgnto  m.;  i.  bitterness ; 
Lo  perseguitb  sempre  con  — ,  he  always 
persecuted  him  savagely.  2.  obstinacy, 
extraordinary  perseverance. 

Accan-irsi  ind.  -isco  (It.  cane) ;  i.  to 
get  "mad  "  in  the  American  sense,  lit.  to 
make  oneself  a  dog,  to  go  wild.  2.  to 
go  to  work  with  feverish  determination. 
Part.  -ito.  3.  dogged.  4.  Partigiano 
— ,  bitter  partisan.  Aff.  Accanitame'nte. 

Accannat6io  tn. ;  a  certain  implement  used  by 
weavers  for  moving  the  stay  of  the  loom. 

Accannell-are  ind.  accanello;  i.  to 
wind  the  thread  upon  the  spool.  2.  (arch.) 
to  flute,  v.  Scanalare.  Aff.  -amento. 

Accanto  adv. ;  alongside.  Stare  — , 
to  make  up  a  pair.  Son  due  birboni  e 
per  me  possono  stare  —  1'  uno  all'  altro, 
they  are  both  rogues  and  to  my  mind 
they  are  just  alike  :  -  — ,  very  close, 
very  near,  or  (of  time)  immediately 
afterwards. 

Accantonamdnto  m. ;  (mil. )  canton- 
ment. 

Accantonare  ind.  accant6no  (It. 
cantone) ;  (mil.)  to  quarter  (soldiers). 

Accapacci-are  or  -arsi  (It.  capac- 
cio) ;  to  feel  heavy  in  the  head.  Con 
questo  sole  c'  e  da  accapacciare,  or 
accapacciarsi,  this  sun  is  too  much  for 
my  head.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

*  Accapare  (It.  capo,  end);  to  finish. 

Accaparrare  or  Oaparrare;  i.  to 
engage  by  paying  a  deposit,  v.  Caparra. 
2.  pers.  to  engage,  e.g.  a  band  for  a 
party. 

Accapezzare  ind.  accape"zzo  (**ac- 
capitiare <  L.  caput,  cp.  Cavezza) ;  i.  to 
dress  (stone,  etc.,  for  building).  2.  to 
finish. 

Accapigli-arsi  (It.  capegli  //.  of 
Capello,  hair) ;  i.  lit.  to  seize  each 
other's  hair.  2.  to  fight  (in  the  manner 
of  low  women).  3.  fig.  to  have  an  angry 
dispute  (like  politicians).  Aff.  -amento, 
-atura. 

Accapitellare  ind.  accapitello ;  to'  fix  the  head- 
bands, Capitelli,  in  hook-binding. 

•Accappare;  (A)  (It.  capo):  to  finish.  (B)  (It. 
cappa);  to  seize,  lit.  seize  in  a  cloak.  (C)  (root  cap, 
to  cut ;  v.  Cappone) ;  lo  choose,  lit.  choose  by  cutting. 
—  le  rose  dalle  spine,  i.f.  to  distinguish  good  from 
bad. 

Accappat6io  m.  (It.  accappare,  B); 
loose  gown,  bathing  wrapper. 

Accappiare  (It.  cappio);  i.  to  hold 
with  a  running  knot.  2.  to  snare. 
3.  fig.  to  ensnare. 


Accappiatura/;  i.  running  noose. 
2.  weaver's  knot. 

Accappiettare  ind.  accappidtto ;  to 
fasten  a  little  string,  Cappietto,  on  the 
end  of  a  stocking,  handkerchief,  etc.,  in 
the  wash,  to  distinguish  it  from  others 
or  to  hang  it  up  by. 

Accappon-are  ind.  accapp6no  (It. 
cappone) ;  i.  to  castrate,  make  a 
capon  of.  2.  Far  —  la  pelle,  to  pro- 
duce a  cold  shiver,  -arsi,  to  shiver  with 
a  feeling  of  goose  skin.  Aff.  -atura. 

Accappucci-are ;  i.  to  put  a  hood 
on.  2.  -ato,  of  a  horse,  carrying  his 
head  so  that  he  is  not  under  the  control 
of  the  bit. 

Accaprettare  ind.  accaprdtto ;  to  tie 
all  four  feet  together  of  a  kid,  Capretto, 
or  other  animal. 

Accarezzare  ind.  accardzzo  (It. 
carezza) ;  i.  to  caress.  2.  fig.  to 
cherish  (an  idea).  3.  -  le  spalle 
(iron.),  to  drub. 

Aff.     Accarezz-am^nto,  -atdre,  -atrice. 
•Accarn-are  or  -ire  (It.  came);  i.  to  stick  (the 
claws)  in,  to  penetrate  (through  the  skin),    ii.  fig.  to 
understand  rightly. 

Accarpion-are  ind.  accarpi6no;  to 
cook  like  a  carp,  to  lay  in  vinegar.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Accartocciare  ind.  accartbccio;  i.  to 
twist  up  paper  into  a  cone  for  holding 
sugar  or  tea,  etc.,  v.  Cartoccio.  2.  to 
dog's  ear  (the  leaves  of  a  book). 
3.  (arch.)  to  make  spirals  and  scrolls. 

Aff.  Accartocci-amento,  -atura. 
Accas-amento  ;//.;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Accas-are ;  to  obtain  a  home  for  a 
daughter,  i.e.  to  marry  her,  v.  Casa. 
-arsi,  to  be  married  (of  either  a  man  or 
woman),  or  (of  a  man)  to  settle  down 
and  marry. 

•  i.    to  build  houses,     ii.    to  settle  down. 

*  Accascare  ;  i.  to  happen,     ii.  to  be  requisite. 

Accasci-are  ( prob.  bit.  <  ad,  **quas- 
siare,freq.  of  L.  quassare,  to  shake);  to 
weaken,  relax,  -arsi,  to  lose  courage. 
Ajf.  -amento. 

Accasermare ;  to  place  (troops)  in 
barracks,  v.  Caserma. 

Accastell-amento  m.  \  i.  v.  -are. 
2.  (mar.)  upper  works,  that  part  of  a 
vessel's  hull  which  is  above  water  when 
laden. 

Accastell-are  ind.  accastello;  i.  to 
arrange  fruit  on  a  pile  of  shelves  for 
drying.  2.  -arsi,  to  fortify  oneself  in  a 
castle. 

*  i.  to  build  castles  on  ships,    ii.  to  fortify  a  camp. 
•Accastellinare ;  =  Accastellare. 

Accatarr-are  ;  to  catch  cold,  -ato, 
suffering  from  a  cold. 

Accatast-are ;  i.  to  pile  up  into  a 
heap,  v.  Catasta.  2.  to  register  pro- 
perty for  assessment,  v.  Catasto.  3.  to 
assess  it.  Aff.  -amento. 

t  Accatricchiarsi;  =  lncatricchiarsi,  q.v. 

Accattabrighe  in.  indecl.;  i.  mis- 
chief-maker. 2.  busybody. 

*  Accattaglimpacci  m.  indccl.;  =  Accaltabrighe. 

*  Accattamori  f. ;  flirt. 
*Accattapane  »t. ;  beggar. 


Accattare  (bit.  **accaptare  <  L.  ad, 
captare,freq.  of  capio) ;  i.  to  obtain  by 
begging,  whether  as  a  gift  or  a  loan. 

2.  to   collect    (alms),   esp.   in   church. 

3.  intr.  to  be  the  collector,  to  go  in 
quest  of  alms.     4.    by  ext.  —  lodi,  to  go 
in  search  of  applause  ;    —  ragioni,  to 
ferret  out  excuses  ;  —  pretesti,  to  find 
pretexts.     5.   Esser  ridotto  ad  — ,  to  be 
reduced  to  beggary.     6.    (aritkm.)  to 
"  borrow  "  in  subtracting.    7.   to  borrow 
in  various^,  senses,  as  in  E.,  e.g.  of  the 
moon,  to  borrow  light ;  of  a  language,  to 
borrow  foreign  words. 

*  Accattatozzi  m.  indecl. ;  beggar. 

*  Accat t eria  f. ;  mendicancy  by  a  sort  of  recog- 
nised order  of  beggars  in  the  cities  of  the  Middle 
Ages. 

Accattino  m. ;  i.  collector  of  alms 
in  church.  2.  dim.  Accatto  (5),  tax. 

Accatto  m.;  \.  Vivere  d'  — ,  to  live 
by  begging.  2.  the  collecting  of  alms 
in  church.  3.  the  amount  of  the  col- 
lection. 4.  loan.  5.  the  extraordinary 
tax  which  was  sometimes  levied  in  the 
Florentine  republic.  6.  Sapienza  d'  — , 
second-hand  knowledge. 

Accattblica  /. ;  (scherz.)  =  Accatto, 
beggary. 


-a  / ;  vagrant,  pro- 
Aff.  -dggio  or  -eria, 

strengthened  form  of 
climb  over  (a  hedge 
una  maglia,  to  draw 
another  in  knitting, 
make  anachronisms, 


Accatt6n-e  in 
fessional  beggar, 
vagrancy. 

Accavalcare  ( 

Cavalcare) ;    i.  to 
or  wall).      2.    — 
one    mesh    over 
3.    —  i  tempi,  to 
confuse  dates. 

Accavalciare ;  i.  to  bestride,  v. 
Cavalciare.  2.  fig.  of  an  arch,  to  ex- 
tend across  (a  road).  3.  —  le  gambe, 
to  cross  the  legs  when  sitting. 

Accavalci6ne  or  -6ni  adv. ;  astride. 

Accavall-are  (It.  a,  cavallo;  orig. 
therefore,  to  put  on  a  horse) ;  i.  to 
make  things  ride  upon  one  another  as 
stones  or  boards  or  coils  of  a  rope. 
2.  (in  weaving  or  knitting)  to  skip  (a 
few  threads  or  meshes).  3.  (vet.)  a 
trick  in  horses  of  not  placing  their  feet 
properly.  4.  to  stalk  (a  wild  animal) 
by  keeping  hidden  behind  a  horse. 

As  refl.  -arsi :  5.  (surg.)  of  a  tendon 
or  muscle  fibre,  to  be  displaced  ;  or  of 
the  ends  of  a  broken  bone,  to  ride  over 
each  other.  6.  of  waves  which  in  ap- 
proaching the  shore  appear  to  ride 
successively  upon  each  other  (whence 
the  term  Cavalloni,  breakers). 

Aff.  Accavall-amento,  -atura. 

Accavigli-are ;  i.  to  wind  silk,  etc., 
upon  a  bobbin,  Caviglia.  2.  to  wind 
(a  rope)  round  a  bundle  of  sticks  or  the 
like  for  convenience  of  carrying.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Accecamento  m. ;  i.  the  act  of 
blinding.  2.  blindness  (bodily  or 
mental).  3.  obstruction  of  a  pipe  or 
drain. 


ACCECARE— ACCETTANTE 


Accecare  ind.  accieco  (It.  cieco) ; 

1.  to    blind    (the    bodily    or    mental 
vision).      2.     to   tarnish   (a   picture   or 
glass).     3.   to  deaden  (a  colour).    4.   to 
wall  up  (a  window).     5.    to  stop  up  (a 
drain  or  pipe).     6.    to  hammer  (a  nail) 
right  down  so  that  its  head  does  not 
project.     7.    to  prune  (a  vine  or  other 
plant)  of  its  young  shoots.    8.  to  scratch 
out  (a  word)  with  pen  and  ink.    9.  inir. 
to  go  blind ;    Ch'  i'  acciechi  se  non  b 
vero,  strike  me  blind  if  it  isn't  so. 

Accecatdio  ;«.  (It.  cieco) ;  a  tool  for 
making  a  Cieca  or  bed  for  the  head  of 
a  screw  round  the  hole  for  the  screw 
itself  in  an  iron  plate  or  if  necessary  in 
a  wooden  board. 

Accec-atdre,  -atrice ;  vfots.  of  -are. 

Accecatura/;  i.  vbsb.  of  Accecare. 

2.  the  blinding  of  birds,  a  cruelty  some- 
times practised  for  the  supposed  purpose 
of  making  them  sing  better.    3.  =Cieca, 
bed  for  the  head  of  a  screw,  v.  Acceca- 
toio. 

Accfedere  perf.  accedetti  or  accedei, 
it.  Cedere,  part,  acceduto  (L.  accedere 
<ad,  cedere,  to  go);  i.  to  come  up; 
—  a,  to  approach  (an  object)  or  to  go 
right  up  to  it.  2.  to  accede,  agree  (to 
a  proposal  or  treaty).  3.  —  in  un  luogo 
(of  the  police),  to  make  a  domiciliary 
visit,  to  search  there. 

*  Acceffare  (It.  ceffo);  of  animals,  to  snatch  up. 

Accdggia  (Aggeggia)  / ;  woodcock, 
Scolopax,  v.  Beccaccia.  Pigliar  1'  — , 
to  stand  waiting  in  the  cold  by  night 
(like  a  sportsman  waiting  for  the  flight 
of  the  woodcock). 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  acie,  Span.  arcea<\>h.  acceiti 
or  accia<L.  acits.  root  of  sharp,  referring  to  the 
bird's  beak. 

Acceler-are  inrl.  accelero  (L.  celer,  quick  ; 
root  kel,  to  urge;  cp.  Gr.  icc'AAw,  to  drive  on,  <ce'A7js, 
a  courser) ;  as  E.  Ajff".  •ame'nto,  -atame'nte,  -ativo, 
•atcre,  -ati-ice. 

•AccellanayC  (It.  accia,  thread  +lana,  wool); 
=  Mezzalana,  q.i>. 

Accenciare  ind.  accencio ;  to  rub 
clean  with  a  rag,  Cencio. 

Accendere  perf.  acc-dsi  -enddsti ; 
part,  -dso  (L.,  root  can  to  burn,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Candid);  i.  to  kindle;  —  1'  altare, 
to  kindle  the  altar  lights ;  Amore  acceso, 
enkindled  love,  D.  Par.  24.  82,  meaning 
St  Peter.  2.  —  una  partita,  to  open  a 
debtor  and  creditor  account.  3.  —  un' 
iscrizione,  to  make  an  entry  of  a  mort- 
gage in  the  land  registry.  4.  —  1'  animo, 
to  inflame  or  fire  the  mind. 

Part,  acceso,  as  adj. :  5.  Colore  ac- 
ceso, vivid  colour  ;  Rosso  acceso,  fiery 
red.  6.  Partita  accesa,  Debito  -o,  open 
account,  unpaid  debt. 

Aff.  Accendi-bile,  adj.,  -foco,  fire- 
lighter ;  -gas,  gas-lighter ;  -mdnto, 
-si'gari,  cigar-lighter ;  -t6io,  any  con- 
trivance for  lighting  lamps ;  -tore,  -tora, 
-trice. 

Accennare  ind.  accdnno  (It.  cenno); 
I.  to  make  a  sign  with  the  hand  or 
head  ;  —  a  una  cosa,  to  point  to  it, 
refer  to  it  in  a  speech.  2.  tr.  to  point 
out,  with  the  finger.  3.  at  cards,  to 


announce  (the  holding  of  a  certain 
card) ;  at  Briscola,  —  1'  asso,  to  announce 
holding  the  ace.  4.  Questovinoaccenna 
la  muffa,  this  wine  shows  signs  of  musti- 
ness.  5.  at  Tarocchi,  —  coppe  e  dar 
danari,  to  signal  one  suit  and  show 
another  ;  hence,  fig.  to  seem  as  if  about 
to  do  one  thing  and  then  <1o  another. 
6.  —  una  cosa,  to  hint  at  a  thing  either 
in  writing  or  speech.  7.  —  una  figura, 
to  indicate  a  figure  in  outline.  8.  (In 
silver  chasing)  to  outline  the  work  with 
the  point  of  a  special  tool  termed  Pun- 
tellino  per  — .  9.  (in  fencing)  to  feint. 

Accdnno  m. ;  i.  sign,  indication. 
2.  advice,  recommendation. 

Accensare  ind.  accdnso ;  to  agree  to 
a  fixed  rent,  v.  Censo. 

Accensibile ;  v.  Accendere.  It  is 
chiefly  used  fig.  for  irascible,  quick 
tempered. 

Accensidne /. ;  i.  ignition,  e.g.  of 
fireworks.  2.  (tned.)  flushing  of  the 
face.  3.  of  colours,  vividness,  glow ; 
of  temper,  animation. 

*  in  //.  meteors,  the  glow  of  the  sunset,  or  other 
glow  in  the  sky. 

Accenso  »/.;  i.  supernumerary  sol- 
dier in  the  ancient  Roman  army.  2.  court 
messenger.  *=  Acceso. 

Accent-are  ind.  accento;  i.  to  mark  with 
an  accent,  or,  in  music,  with  a  mark  of  expression. 
2.  to  give  good  expression  to  musical  phrases  in 
playing  or  singing.  Aff.  -atura. 

Accento  tn.  (L.  ad  catitus,  lit.  that  which 
accompanies  singing) ;  accent,  emphasis. 

Accentdre  m.;  —  cantarino,  hedge- 
sparrow,  v.  Passera  (B,  i,  d). 

Accentrare  ind.  accentro ;  to  cen- 
tralise. 

Aff.  Accentr-amento,  -atdre,  -atrice. 

Accentu-are  ind.  accentuo;  i.  to 
speak  clearly.  2.  to  play  music  with 
expression.  AJf.  -atamdnte,  -azidne. 

Acceppare  ind.  acceppo ;  (mar.}  to 
fix  the  stock,  Ceppo,  upon  an  anchor. 

Accerchiare  ind.  accdrchio  (It. 
cerchio,  hoop) ;  to  encircle,  surround. 
Hanno  accerchiato  il  castello,  they 
have  surrounded  the  castle.  Al  suo 
ritorno  lo  accerchiarono  gli  amici  e  i 
parent!  per  domandargli  chi  una  cosa 
e  chi  un'  altra,  upon  his  return  his 
friends  and  relations  came  all  round 
him  to  ask  this,  that  and  the  other. 

*i.  =Cerchiare,  to  enclose,  ii.  to  march  round 
(a  fortified  place),  iii.  of  feelings  of  fear,  etc.,  lo 
take  possession  of  a  man's  mind.  Lo  Sforza  accer- 
chiato dalla  paura  repentina  de'  Kranzesi  e  delle  arm! 
Viniziane...,  suddenly  taking  alarm  at  the  French 
and  Venetian  armaments. 

Aff.  Accerchi-amento,  -at(5re. 

*  Accerchiellare  ;  =  Cerchiettare,  to  put  light 
bands  on  a  box. 

Accerchiellato ;  i.  of  round  shape. 
2.  Croce  -a  (herald.')  =  Croce  ancorata, 
an  anchor  cross.  Piede  —  (vet.},  a 
form  of  disease  in  a  horse's  hoof. 

Accercinare  ind.  accdrcino;  to  roll 
up  into  a  pad,  Cercine. 

Accerito ;  much  flushed  in  the  face. 

Etym.  unkn.  Perhaps  as  suggested  by  Caix< 
a  bit.  form  **accerilus<.\J.  ad,  +**ctritMS,  a  con- 
tracted form  based  upon  cerebrum,  brain. 


Accerrare  itid.  accerro  (It.  cerro<L.  cirrus, 
fringe) ;  in  weaving,  to  make  the  selvage,  to  fringe. 

Accert-are  ind.  accerto  (It.  certo); 

1.  to  assure ;    Accerto,   I   assure  you. 

2.  to  ascertain  (the  truth  of  a  statement, 
the  amount  of  an  income,  etc.).     3.    - 
il  colpo,  la  mira,  to  make  sure  of  one's 
blow,  one's  aim.     4.    S'  -i  or.Accertati, 
assure   yourself,  i.e.  you   may  depend 
upon   the  truth  of  what   I    have  said. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atamdnte. 

Accertello  m.  ;  =  Acertello,  kestrel. 

*  Accerto  m.  ;  i.  trustworthiness,  ii.  assurance 
of  a  satisfactory  result,  iii.  —  delta  lingua,  assured 
manner  of  speaking. 

Acceso ;  part.  Accendere. 

Accessibil-e,  -it.'i;  v.  Accesso. 

Accessidne/  (L.  < accedere} ;  i.  ac- 
cession (of  one  country  to  a  treaty 
made  between  two  others).  2.  increase, 
growth.  3.  of  a  fever,  increase.  4.  (leg.} 
"accession,"  e.g.  the  acquisition  of  a  calf 
by  its  birth  from  a  cow  already  agreed 
to  be  bought.  *i.  the  conjunction  of 
sun  and  moon,  new  moon.  ii.  sunrise. 

Accessit  tn.  (Latinism) ;  extra  prize 
given  to  a  competitor  \yho  was  nearest 
to  the  prize-winner. 

Accesso  m.  (L.);  i.  access.  2.  ac- 
cessibility ;  Uomo  di  facile  — ,  a  man 
readily  approached.  3.  (leg.)  judicial 
visit  to  a  place ;  Atto  d'  — ,  document 
whereon  the  observations  made  on  such 
a  visit  are  noted.  4.  fit  (of  anger  or 
passion).  5.  fit  (of  ague  or  other  inter- 
mittent fever).  6.  in  Canon  law,  a  right 
to  a  benefice  on  the  death  of  the 
incumbent.  7.  transfer  of  a  vote  in 
a  Papal  election  ;  if  no  candidate  has 
received  enough  votes  to  complete  the 
election,  the  Cardinals  may  hand  in 
another  voting  ticket  on  which  is 
written  Accedo  domino  N,  or  else 
Accedo  nemini. 

Accessdri-o;  accessory.     Aff.  -amente. 

Accestato ;  i.q.  Accestito,  tufted. 

Accestimento  ;«.;  the  forming  of  a 
tuft  or  head  of  leaves. 

Accest-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  form  a  head 
such  as  that  of  a  lettuce.  Strictly  it 
applies  to  herbaceous  plants,  but  might 
be  said  of  any  kind  of  cluster  growing 
on  one  stem ;  v.  Cesto. 

Accdtta  f.  (either  a  dim.  of  Accia, 
battle-axe,  or  <  Fr.  hachette,  v.  Azza) ; 
hatchet,  chopper.  Cosa  fatta  con  1"  — , 
done  clumsily.  Fatto  con  1'  — ,  pers. 
clumsily  built  or  of  uncouth  manners. 
Darsi  1'  —  su'  piedi  (of  a  prisoner  on 
trial).  Con  quel  discorso  si  dette  1'  - 
su'  piedi,  he  gave  himself  away  by  what 
he  said.  Far  la  giustizia  con  1'  — ,  to 
give  ill-considered  judgments.  Far  le 
parti  con  1'  — ,  to  divide  unfairly. 

*  allotment  given  to  an  ancient  Roman  colonist. 

*  Accettamente  ;  warmly,  eagerly. 

Accettante  m.  •  i.  acceptor  (of  a 
bill  of  exchange).  2.  —  e  stipulante 
(leg.),  a  party  to  a  contract ;  the  expres- 
sion is  also  used  familiarly  for  a  person 
who  has  disagreeable  things  said  to  him 
and  has  to  put  up  with  it. 


8 


Accettare  ind.  accetto  (L.  acceftare,  freq.  of 
accifere<ad,  cafere,  v.  Caccia) ;  to  accept.  Accetti, 
or  Accettera,  il  buon  cuore,  i.e.  accept  my  humble 
gift  in  the  spirit  in  which  it  is  offered,  when  the  giver 
cannot  do  more. 

Aff.  Accett-abile,  -abilila,  -atdre,  -atnce,  -evole, 
•evo!me"nte. 

Accettata  / ;  blow  with  a  hatchet, 
Accetta. 

Accett-azirjne/.;  i.  D£*J.  of -are.  2.  accept- 
ance, i.e.  either  the  accepting  a  bill  of  exchange  or 
the  bill  after  it  has  been  accepted. 

Accettdvole ;  v.  Accettare. 

Accetto ;  welcome,  agreeable. 

Accezi6ne/  (L.  acceptio<accipere); 
i.  acceptance  (of  persons),  undue  par- 
tiality. 2.  acceptation  (of  a  word  into 
general  use).  3.  meaning  (of  a  word 
or  phrase).  4.  *  or  pop.  =  Eccezione, 
exception. 

Acchet-are ;  i.q.  Acquietare,  to 
quiet.  Aff.  -amento. 

Acchiappacani  »/.;  dog-catcher,  municipal  offi- 
cer charged  with  the  duty  of  seizing  unmuzzled  dogs. 

Acchiapp-are  (It.  chiappa) ;  i.  to 
catch  by  a  sudden  and  dexterous  move- 
ment or  to  seize  one  who  is  running 
away ;  Acchiappalo,  catch  him.  2.  of 
a  severe  cold,  to  catch  it ;  but  the  phrase 
is  better  inverted : — L'  infreddatura  m' 
ha  -ato  bene.  3.  Fare  ad  -arsi,  of 
children  to  play  at  catch  who  catch 
can.  4.  Se  acchiappo  la  porta  chi  mi 
raggiunge  k  bravo,  if  I  can  get  to  the 
door  it  will  take  a  clever  man  to  catch 
me.  5.  fig.  Acchappiarci  uno,  to  take 
him  in,  catch  him  with  a  trick.  6.  —  la 
lepre  al  covo,  to  surprise  a  hare  in  her 
form  ;  similarly  —  uno  al  covo,  to  catch 
him  where  he  thinks  himself  safe. 

Acchiappa-r&llo  or  -tello  ;«.;  =  Chi- 
apparello,  catch,  tricky  question,  v. 
Acchiappare  (5). 

Acchiappato  adj.; pop. in  a  wretched 
state. 

Acchiappat6io  m. ;  i.  booby  trap. 
2.  fig.  any  kind  of  trap.  *  adj.  deceitful, 
ensnaring. 

*Acchiavare;=Inchiodare,  to  nail  up. 
tAcchinare;  =  Chinare,  to  lower,  to  bow  down, 
*  to  humiliate. 

*  Acchinea  / ;  =  Chinea,  ambling  horse. 

Accbiocciol-are  ind.  acchibcciolo ; 
i.  to  twist  up  like  a  snail-shell,  Chioc- 
ciola.  2.  to  wind  up  a  spring  upon  a 
drum  or  cylinder.  3.  -arsi,  to  curl 
oneself  up.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Acchit-are ;  —  il  pallino,  to  break 
(at  billiards),  -arsi,  to  play  a  stroke 
with  a  view  to  the  adversary's  stroke, 
to  play  for  safety. 

Etym.  A  strengthened  form  of  Chitare,  an 
obsolete  word,  corresponding  to  Fr.  quitter.  The 
player  quits  the  ball,  leaving  it  to  the  other  player, 
v.  Chitare. 

Acchito  (Achito)  m. ;  i.  playing  for 
safety.  2.  the  lead  at  billiards.  Hence, 
generally:  3.  Di  primo — ,  at  the  outset; 
Di  prim'  —  gli  domandb  cento  lire,  at 
the  very  first  go  off  he  asked  for  a 
hundred  francs. 

Accia  f. ;  (A)  (L.  OCM,  thread  <  adts, 
needle,  v.  Ago) ;  flaxen  or  hempen  thread 
in  a  skein. 
*  (B)  ( var.  of  Azza) ;  battle-axe. 


ACCETTARE— ACCIO 

Acciabattare ;  to  cobble,  put  to- 
gether hastily  and  clumsily,  worse  than 
Abborracciare.  Originally  the  word  re- 
ferred to  the  cobbling  of  shoes,  Ciabatte. 

Aff.  Acciabatt-amento,  -at<5re,  -atdra,  -atrice, 
-atura,  -io  (continual  cobbling),  -<5ne,  -<5na. 

Acciacc-are  (It.  acciacco);  i.  to 
crush  in,  e.g.  a  hat.  2.  to  trample 
upon.  3.  of  heavy  rain,  to  beat  down 
(flowers,  etc.).  4.  -ato,  crushed  (by 
the  weight  of  years  or  troubles).  Aff. 
-amento,  -ata. 

Acciaccatura  f. ;  i.  i.q.  Acciacca- 
mento.  2.  an  embellishment  in  music 
consisting  of  an  extra  note  lightly 
touched,  v.  Appoggiatura. 

*  Acciacciare  ;  =  Ciacciare,  to  meddle. 

Acciaccinarsi  ind.   m'  acciacci'no; 
to  bustle  about   a  great   deal  without 
much  result,  v.  Acciapinare,  etym. 
Acciaccinio  /«. ;  continual  bustling. 

Acciacc-O  m.  (Span.  achaqve<  Ara- 
bic asriaqA,  indisposition);  Aver  degli 
-hi,  to  have  a  complication  of  disorders 
either  of  body  or  estate.  La  malattia 
della  moglie  e  stato  un  bell'  —  per  lui, 
his  wife's  illness  has  been  a  great  burden 
to  him.  Uomo  pieno  d'  -hi,  a  man  with 
a  complication  of  disorders.  *  insult, 
outrage. 

Acciai-are;  to  convert  iron  into  steel. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Acciaieria  /  ;  steel  foundry. 

Acciaino  in.;  i.  steel  bead.  2.= 
Acciaiolo. 

Acciaio  or  Acciaro  (Aziale)  m.  (bit. 
acinrium,  sharpened  steel  <  L.  odes, 
sharp  edge  ;  root  ac,  sharp,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Acrid) ;  steel. 

Acciaiolina  /. ;  small  steel  nail  in  a 
boot. 

Acciaiollno  m. ;  i.  small  steel  bead. 
2.  in  //.  embroidery  of  beads. 

Acciai-61o  or  -ublo  m.\  (A);  steel  for 
sharpening  carving-knives.  *  dealer  in 
steel. 

*(B);  veil  made  of  thread,  Accia. 

Acciambellare  ind.  acciambello ;  to 
make  into  the  shape  of  a  bun,  Ciam- 
bella. 

*  Acciannarsi ;  =  Acciaccinarsi,  to  bustle. 

Acciapin-are  ind.  acciapmo,  or 
-arsi ;  to  be  furiously  busy. 

Etym.  Formed  by  successive  ^strengthenings 
from  L.  agere,  beginning  with  Agina,  ?.?'.,  from 
which  came  Aginarsi  corrupted  first  into  Acciannarsi 
and  thence,  probably  as  suggested  by  Caix  under  the 
influence  of  Attapinarsi,  into  Acciapinarsi. 

Acciarfno  m. ;  i.  steel  (of  a  flint  and 
steel  or  flint-lock  musket).  Batter  1'  — , 
to  strike  fire,yff.  to  act  as  a  go-between 
for  lovers.  2.  linch-pin  of  a  wheel. 
3.  i.q.  Accaiuolo,  sharpener. 

Acciaro  m. ;  i.q.  Acciaio,  steel,  esp. 
in  poetry. 

Acciarpare  (It.  ciarpa,  rubbish) ; 
i.  to  bungle  one's  work,  worse  than 
Abborracciare.  2.  to  take  or  pick  up 
something  unsuitable  or  worthless. 


Ajf.  Acciarp-arnento,  -atamente,  -atore,  -atura, 
-io,  continual  bungling;  -line,  -<5na,  bungler. 

Accidentale;  accidental,  both  in  the  ordinary 
and  in  the  musical  sense. 

Accidentalita  /;  i.  accidental  character  (of 
some  occurrence).  2.  the  occurrence  itself. 

Accidentalmente ;  i.  accidentally.  2.  inci- 
dentally. 

Accidentare;  to  have  a  fit,  Accidente. 

Accidentato;  i.  struck  by  a  fit. 
2.  (of  ground)  broken,  irregular. 

Accid&nt-e  m.  (L.  accidere) ;  i.  ac- 
cident, unforeseen  event.  2.  accident  as 
opposed  to  essence  in  philosophy.  3.  (in 
music)  an  accidental.  4.  apoplectic  fit ; 
—  a  secco,  a  diaccio,  a  campana,  a  fer- 
raiuolo,  such  a  fit  as  is  violent  and 
immediately  fatal.  5.  in  pi.  -i  as  a 
mild  oath,  blast  it !  -i  al  megho.to  signify 
that  out  of  a  number  of  persons  or 
things  there  is  not  a  single  good  one. 
6.  fig.  Quell'  accidente  di  vecchia  non 
fa  altro  che  brontolare,  that  confounded 
old  woman  does  nothing  but  grumble. 

•Accidentoso:  i.  sudden,  unexpected,  ii.  serious 
(illness). 

Accidia  /.  (late  L.  acedia  <  Gr. 
dici)di<i<a  priv.,  KrjSof,  care);  i.  sloth, 
one  of  the  seven  deadly  sins.  2.  slack- 
ness of  a  temporary  kind,  Gli  e  un  tempo 
che  fa  venire  1'  — ,  this  weather  makes 
one  feel  slack.  3.  the  same  phrase, 
Far  venir  1'  — ,  used  of  a  person,  means 
to  produce  a  feeling  of  irritation  and 
ennui  in  another  person  ;  Insomnia  ti 
spied  che  m'  hai  fatto  venir  1'  — ,  do 
get  on  for  goodness'  sake,  you  do  annoy 
me  with  your  slowness.  Aff.  Accidi-osa- 
me'nte,  -oso. 

Accigli-are  (It.  ciglio):  i.  to  sew  up  the  eye- 
lids of  a  hawk  for  the  purpose  of  taming  it.  2.  -arsi, 
to  knit  the  brows,  frown.  Aff.  -amento,  -atamente. 

Accigliatura  / ;  frowning. 

•i.  shape  of  the  eyebrows.  ii.  gap  between 
them. 

Acciglionare  ind.  accigliono;  to  con- 
struct a  rampart  to  a  road  or  fortress, 
v.  Ciglione. 

Accignere;  =  Accingere,  to  gird. 

Accileccare  ind.  accilecco  (It.  cilec- 
ca);  i.  to  lure,  to  hold  a  thing  out  for 
somebody  to  come  and  take  without 
any  intention  of  giving  it  to  him.  Usu. 
fig.  as  Lo  accilecca  con  la  speranza  di 
un  impiego,  he  is  alluring  him  with  the 
hope  of  employment. 

*Accimarsi:  =  Azzimarsi,  to  dress  up. 

*  Accincigliare;    to    ornament    with    Cincigli, 

fringes. 

Accincignare;=Incincignare,  to  crush, 
up  the  skirt  of  a  dress  to  the  waist-band  so  as  not  to 
trail. 

Accfng-ere  perf.  accinsi  accingdsti, 
part,  accinto  (L.) ;  to  gird  up  (the  loins), 
gird  on  (a  sword),  -ersi,  to  prepare  (for 
some  considerable  work). 

Accintolare  ind.  accmtolo  ;  to  attach  a  Cintolo, 
small  strip  of  protecting  material  along  the  border  of 
a  piece  of  cloth  where  it  is  not  desired  that  it  should 
take  the  dye. 

A'ccio ;  (A)  m. ;  the  suffix  that  gives  a  bad  sense 
to  a  word  or  intensifies  a  word  which  itself  has  a  bad 
sense.  It  is  the  L.  -aceus  which  from  its  sense  in  L. 
of  likeness  passed  into  that  of  inferiority.  Also  used 
/am.  as  an  adj.,  bad.  Questo  vino  non  e  poi  — ,  this 
wine  is  not  so  bad  after  all.  Era  un  cosaccio  ma  — 
bene,  he  was  a  bad  'un  and  such  a  bad  'un  too. 

*(B)  adv.;  soon,  v.  Avaccio.     O  tardi  o  accio, 
sooner  or  later. 


ACCI6— ACCOLLARE 


Accio,  Acciocche,  or  Acci6  che,  cottj.  ;  in 
order  thai. 

Acciocch-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  sleep,  or 
make  one  sleep,  like  a  log,  Ciocco. 

Acci6cc-0  (bot.);  tutted,  having  its 
flowers  in  bunches,  Ciocc'ie.  Viola  -a, 
wall-flower. 

Acciottol-are  ind.  acciottolo;  i.  to 
pave  with  cobble-stones,  Ciottoli.  2.  to 
rattle  (plates  and  dishes)  about  when 
washing  them. 

Ajf.  -ato,  cobbled  road  paving  ;  -atura,  -io  freq. 
sb. 

Accipigliare  (It.  cipiglio);  to  knit 
the  brows,  frown. 

Accipitrlna  /  (bot.) ;  hawkweed, 
Hieracium  murorum,  so  called  because, 
according  to  Pliny,  Lib.  xx.  cap.  vii., 
sparrow-hawks,  accipitres,  when  their 
sight  is  failing,  strike  this  plant  with 
their  beak  and  claws  to  make  the  juice 
spirt  into  their  eyes,  which  has  the  virtue 
of  restoring  their  sight. 

Accipitrfni  in.  //. ;  the  sparrow-hawk  class  of 
birds. 

Accipressi  or  Accipreti ;  euphemisms  for  Acci- 
dent!. 

*  Accismare  (var.  of  Azzimare);  to  dress.     Un 
dtavolo  che  n'  accisma  s"i  crudelmente.  who  dresses 
us  in  this  cruel  way,  i.e.  splits  us  up.    D.  Inf.  28.  37. 

Acciucch-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  lose 
one's  senses.  2.  tr.  to  stupefy,  v. 
Ciuco. 

Acciuff-are ;  to  seize  (//'/.  to  seize  by 
a  lock  of  hair,  Ciuffo).  -arsi,  i.q.  Acca- 
pigliarsi  (of  low-class  women),  to  tear 
each  other's  hair  and  so  generally  to 
brawl  and  fight. 

Acciu-gayC  (the  usual  derivation  is 
from  Gr.  a<f>iirj,  sardine,  through  the  Lat. 
form  apua,  and  an  assumed  transition 
to  apittca  and  acciuca,  as  saccente  from 
sapiente.  Another  suggestion  is  that 
it  comes  through  Spanish  from  the 
Basque  word  antsua,  dry) ;  I.  anchovy; 
provs.  Benedette  le  -ghe,  said  to  one 
who  has  a  headache,  you  must  envy 
the  anchovies  (which  have  no  heads 
when  salted);  Secco  come  un'  — ,  Ser- 
rate come  le  -ghe,  thin  as  an  anchovy, 
packed  together  like  anchovies.  2.  fig. 
Valere  un'  — ,  to  be  worth  nothing. 
3.  Erba  — ,  marjoram,  v.  Erba  (5). 

Acciugaia  / ;  (bat.)  summer  savory, 
v.  Santoreggia. 

Acciugaio  tn. ;  an  old  torn  book 
(only  fit  for  wrapping  up  dried  fish). 

Acciugata/;  anchovy  sauce. 

Acciughfna  /  ;  i .  dim.  vezz.  Ac- 
ciuga.  2.  sugar-louse  insect,  Lepiama 
saccharina.  3.  fam.  and  fig.  tall  thin 
girl. 

*  Accivanz-are  or  more  usu.  -arsi ;  to  procure, 
provide  oneself  with,  to   make   good   use   of  one's 
advantages. 

Acciyett-are  ind.  accivdtto  ;  i.  to 
make  (birds)  shy  through  trying  unsuc- 
cessfully to  catch  them  by  placing  a 
captive  owl,  Civetta,  in  some  bush  with 
the  twigs  round  about  it  smeared  with 
bird-lime  ;  small  birds  always  mob  an 
owl  in  daylight  and  may  come  and  be 
H. 


entangled  by  the  bird-lime,  but  those 
which  escape  will  not  be  so  readily 
caught  again.  2.  fig.  of  a  woman,  to 
endeavour  to  entice  and  entrap  men. 
Part,  -ato :  3.  cunning,  shy  of  the 
trap  aforesaid;  L'  uccellino  di  nido  non 
e  di  quegli  -ati  Posa  1'  incauto  pie  dove 
di  pania  Sono  intrise  le  bacchette,  the 
nestling  is  not  one  of  those  which 
having  once  been 'caught  are  shy,  but 
places  his  unwary  foot  where  the  twigs 
are  smeared  with  bird-lime.  4.  fig.  of 
a  man,  wide  awake,  knowing  the  world 
and  its  wiles  whether  amatory  or  other. 

*Acciv-ire  (L.  cibus,  food);  i.  to  provide, 
ii.  ititr.  to  be  successful.  iii.  -irsi,  to  provide 
oneself  with  money. 

Acclam-are  (L.);  to  acclaim.  Ajfr.  -atdre, 
-atrice,  -a/inne. 

Acclim-are  or  -atare  (a  form  based  on  the 
part,  of  -are);  to  acclimatise.  AJjf.  -azione  or  -ata- 
zione.  Elym.  It.  clima. 

Accliv-e  ;  sloping ;  -ita,  /  slope. 
Etym.  L.  a£clivis<ad,  clivus,  slope ;  root  cli- , 
if.  Chinare  (A). 

Accliidere  perf.  acclusi  accludesti, 
part,  accluso  (L.  ad,  clandere,  to  shut) ; 
to  enclose. 

Acclusa/  ;  enclosure. 

Accocc-are  ind.  accocco;  i.  to  fit 
(the  notch,  Cocca,  of  an  arrow  to  the 
bow-string)  or  fit  (the  thread  to  a  notch 
in  the  spindle) ;  by  extension  it  may  be 
said  of  any  more  or  less  similar  act ;  E  '1 
capo  presto  tra  gambe  gli  accocca  Per 
modo  che  da  terra  il  sollevava,  and 
quickly  thrusts  his  head  between  his 
(opponent's)  legs  so  as  to  raise  him  off 
the  ground  ;  —  is  also  used  inlr.,  or 
with  the  object  suppressed,  to  include 
the  entire  action  of  fitting  the  two 
things  together  ;  E  sempre  (Margutte) 
in  mano  avea  il  bicchiere  o  '1  dado  O 
brodo  che  succiava  come  il  ciacco,  Poi 
si  cacciava  qualche  penna  in  bocca  Per 
vomitar  quand'  egli  ha  pieno  il  sacco,  Poi 
lo  riempie  e  poi  di  nuovo  accocca,  he 
constantly  had  a  glass  or  dice  in  his 
hands,  or  some  stew  which  he  would 
suck  down  like  a  hog,  then  he  would 
poke  a  feather  down  his  throat  to  make 
himself  vomit  when  he  was  full,  he  then 
refills  himself  and  repeats  the  operation; 
where  accocca  means  that  he  again 
tickles  his  throat  with  the  feather. 

2.  —  un  colpo,  to  deliver  a  blow  (with 
the  fist  or  any  weapon) ;  or  Jig.  -aria  a 
uno,  to  play  him  a  trick;  —  la  lingua, 
to  say  insulting  things  ;  prov.  Tal  ti 
ride  in  bocca  che  dietro  te  I1  accocca, 
such  an  one  smiles  to  your  face  who 
shoots  at  you  from  behind,  i.e.  pretends 
to  be  your  friend  while  injuring  you  or 
speaking  ill  of  you  behind  your  back. 

3.  to  bring  together  the  four  corners, 
Cocche,  of  a  handkerchief. 

Accoccati  tn.  pi.  ;  grooves  in  the  side-pieces  of 
a  loom  for  holding  the  frame. 

Accoccolarsi  ind.  m'  accoccolo ;  to 
squat  down  on  one's  heels. 

Etym.  From  the  same  base  clo£  as  the  Spanish 
aclocarse,  Portuguese  Estar  en  cocaras,  referring  to 
the  way  in  which  a  hen  sits  on  her  nest,  akin  to 
clueca  brooding  hen,  cloyuearta  cluck  as  a  hen,  and 
more  or  less  related  to  the  words  Cocco  and  Coccolo 
in  the  sense  of  egg,  as  it  were  to  squat  upon  an  egg. 


Accoccovarsi ;  the  same  as  Accoc- 
colarsi and  formed  in  a  somewhat 
analogous  way,  from  Cocco,  egg,  and 
Covare,  to  sit  as  a  hen. 

Accod-are  ind.  accddo ;  i.  — bestie 
da  soma,  to  put  pack  animals  in  single 
file,  lit.  tail  to  tail,  from  Coda,  tail.  2.  fig. 
to  arrange  other  things  in  similar  fash- 
ion, or  to  do  things  in  regular  succession 
one  after  another.  3.  to  tie  up  the  tail  of  a 
decoy-bird  by  fastening  a  feather  across 
the  base  of  its  tail-feathers.  4.  -arsi,  to 
follow  close  behind  a  man,  or  of  wag- 
gons to  follow  one  behind  another,  or 
at  a  theatre  door  to 'form  a  "queue." 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Accod-ato;  i.  part.  -are.  2.  (mar.) 
Capo,  Punta,  Banco,  or  Scoglio  — ,  i.e. 
prolonged  like  a  long  tongue  or  tail 
under  water. 

Accofacciare ;  to  squash  flat,  e.g. 
one's  hat  by  sitting  on  it ;  like  a  Cofaccia, 
flat  cake. 

Accoglienza  / ;  i.  reception.  2. 
(com.)  the  honouring  (a  draft). 

Acc6gli-ere  or  Accbrre  ind.  accolgo 
-cogli  -coglie  -cogliSmo  -coglidte  -col- 
gono,  perf.  accolsi  -coglie'sti...,  fut. 
accoglierb  or  accorro,  part,  accolto 
(strengthened  form  of  Cogliere) ;  i.  to 
receive.  2.  to  agree  to  (some  view  or 
opinion),  or  to  some  proposal.  3.  (com.) 
to  honour  (a  draft). 

*i.  =  Raccogliere,  to  collect.  ii.  =  Contenere. 
iii.  =  Sorprendere,  to  surprise,  catch  in  the  act. 
iv.  =  Intendere,  Comprendere.  v.  (of  the  fntits  of 
the  earth)  =  Ricogliere.  vi.  =  Accrescere,  Aggiun- 
gere.  vii.  =  Raccapezzare,  to  find  out;  —  consiglio= 
Prender  consiglio.  viii.  —  in  mezzo=  Sen-are  in 
mezzo,  to  seize.  As  reft,  -ersi :  ix.  =  Radunarsi. 
x.  =Esser  contento.  xi.  —  Ricoverarsi.  xii.  -ersi  ad 
uno  =  Serrarsi,  Unirsi  a  lui. 

Accogliticcio  ;  hastily  gathered  to- 
gether. 

Accolitato  m.  ;  the  fourth  of  the  Orders  of 
priesthood. 

Accdlito  in.  (Gr.  a«6Aou0os,  follower;  lit.  one 
who  follows  the  same  path,  Ke,\eu0os) ;  i.  member  of 
the  fourth  minor  Order.  2.  acolyte,  assistant  at 
Mass.  3.  by  ext.  adherent  of  some  political  leader. 

Accollacciato  adj.  ;  strengthened 
form  of  Accollato,  with  the  coat  but- 
toned up  to  the  chin. 

Accoll-are  ind.  accollo  (It.  collo, 
neck ;  some,  however,  of  the  senses 
in  which  the  word  is  used  suggest  a 
connection  with  Colla,  glue) ;  i.  to  put 
(a  load)  upon  the  neck  ;  —  i  bovi,  to 
yoke  or  to  accustom  oxen  to  the  yoke ; 
—  un  carro,  to  put  the  weight  forward 
in  a  carriage.  2.  fig.  —  un  debito,  to 
lay  a  debt  upon  ;  -arsi  un  debito,  to 
assume  responsibility  for  a  debt ;  -arsi 
un  lavoro,  to  undertake  a  job.  3.  intr. 
(of  a  dress)  to  come  high  up  the  neck  ; 
Questo  abito  non  -a,  this  dress  does  not 
cover  my  neck  ;  Veste  -ata,  high  dress ; 
also  (of  a  boot)  to  cover  the  ankle. 

Part,  -ato :  4.  Sostegni  idraulici  -ati, 
continuous  locks  in  a  canal,  i.e.  where 
the  upper  gate  of  one  lock  is  the  lower 
gate  of  the  next,  as  in  the  Glasgow  and 
Edinburgh  canal  which  surmounts  a 
considerable  hill  in  this  way.  5.  (min.) 


IO 


ACCOLLATARIO— ACCONCIO 


conjoined  (crystals),  where  crystals  of 
regular  or  irregular  shape  are  promis- 
cuously adherent  together.  6.  (herald?) 
conjoined  ;  Arme  -ata,  coat  of  arms 
conjoined  with  a  helmet. 

Accollatdrio  m.  ;  contractor  (for 
public  works). 

Accollatico  m. ;  price  for  hiring  a 
yoke  of  oxen. 

Accollatura/  ;  I.  collar  of  a  dress. 

2.  opening   of  a    dress   at   the   neck. 

3.  mark  of  the   yoke   upon   the  neck 
of  an  ox. 

Accollettare  ind.  accolle'tto ;  —  i)  corpo,  to 
fasten  the  cords  to  the  collars  of  a  Jacquard  loom. 

Accdllo  m. ;  i.  pressure  upon  the 
neck  of  the  animal  of  that  part  of  the 
weight  which  is  thrown  forward,  or  the 
amount,  the  actual  weight  of  such  pres- 
sure. 2.  contract  for  some  public  work. 

3.  (arch.)  the  overhanging  part  of  a 
building,  which  is  supported  on  stones 
or  beams  jutting   out   from   the   main 
wall  ;  Esser,  Stare  in  — ,  to  overhang. 

4.  (mar.)  the  part  of  a  sail  which  falls 
against  a  mast,  receiving  the  wind  on 
the  wrong  face  and  urging  the  vessel 
backwards.      t  Un    po    d'    — ,    slight 
intoxication. 

As  adv. :  5.  —  or  A  collo,  of  a  sail, 
receiving  the  wind  on  the  wrong  face, 
v.  supra  (4).  6.  of  a  rope,  with  vbs. 
such  as  Cogliere,  Raccomandare,  Assi- 
curare,  Mollare,  etc.,  with  a  turn  round, 
the  rope  being  wound  once  or  twice 
round  a  fixed  object  so  as  to  fix  it 
firmly  or  to  allow  of  its  being  paid  out 
gradually. 

Accblta/ ;  assemblage. 

Accoltell-are  ind.  accoltello;  i.  to 
stab.  Part,  -ato  :  2.  of  a  wall,  built 
with  the  bricks  on  edge  (per  coltello). 
3.  as  sb.  a  pavement  of  like  construc- 
tion. 

Accoltell-atdre  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of -are. 
2.  gladiator.  3.  generally,  ruffian. 

Acc61to  part,  Accogliere;  *as  sb.  =  Accogli- 
enza. 

*  Accomanda  /. ;    i.  deposit,  trust,    ii.  =Acco- 
mandita. 

*  Accomandagione  f.  ;    i.  protection,   trustee, 
ship.     ii.   deposit  (of  valuables  or  money). 

Accomandante  m.  •  depositor  (with 
a  company  whether  as  shareholder  or 
lender),  v.  Accomandita. 

_*  Accomand-are  :  i.=  Raccomandare.  ii.  —  a 
Dio,  to  take  leave,  iii.  to  deposit  for  safe  custody, 
iv.  to  lend.  v.  to  hand  (to  someone),  vi.  to  fasten 
(the  end  of  a  rope),  vii.  to  attach  in  any  way ;  -arsi, 
to  seek  the  protection  (of  a  patron). 

Accomandatario /«. ;  i.  bailee,  one 
who  receives  valuables  for  safe  custody. 
2.  depositor  (of  valuables).  3.  share- 
holder, 11.  Accomandita. 

*  Accomandigia  /  ;      i.    Compact   whereby   a 
commune  placed  itself  under  the  protection  of  another 
commune   or   of  the    Church,      ii.    i.g.    Accoman- 
dagione. 

Accomandita/;  (com.)  association 
where  the  liability  of  the  shareholders, 
Accomandatarii,  is  unlimited  whilst  that 
of  the  depositing  members,  Accoman- 
danti,  is  limited  to  the  amount  of 
their  subscriptions.  Dare  in  — ,  to  put 


(money)  into  such  a  company.    Fare  — , 
to  form  a  company. 

*in  — ,  in  trust;  Dare  in  — ,  to  entrust;  —  di 
bestiame  =  Soccio,  partnership  in  cattle. 

Accomandolare  ind.  accomandolo  ;  to  tie  or 
take  up  (the  broken  threads  of  a  warp). 

Accomiat-are(It.  comiato);  to  dis- 
miss with  all  courtesy  (*  formerly,  to 
dismiss  without  ceremony),  -arsi,  to 
take  courteous  leave  (of  one's  host). 

Accomignolare  (arch.'} ;  to  form  a  ridged  roof. 

Acc6moda  m.;  the  one  in  a  family 
or  party  who  will  do  what  no  one  else 
volunteers  for. 

Accomod-abile;  -•.  -are. 

Accomodame'nto  m.  •  i.  good  ar- 
rangement, convenient  disposition.  2.  ac- 
commodation, settlement  (of  a  dispute), 
composition  (with  creditors),  compro- 
mise (of  a  litigation). 

Accomod-are  ind.  accomodo  (L.  < 
ad,  commodus,  v.  Comodo) ;  i.  to 
repair  (clothes,  machinery,  roads  or 
anything).  2.  to  correct  (mistakes  in 
a  composition).  3.  to  put  (a  room  or 
things  in  it)  tidy,  to  put  (one's  affairs) 
in  good  order,  to  settle  (an  account) ; 
prov.  —  P  uova  nel  panierino,  to  arrange 
the  eggs  in  the  basket,  i.e.  to  make  the 
best  use  of  one's  means ;  —  il  fornaio 
or  -arsi  di  fornaio,  to  provide  the  baker, 
i.e.  to  secure  a  provision  for  the  rest  of 
one's  life.  4.  to  effect  the  accommoda- 
tion of  a  dispute  (between  other  parties). 
5.  —  una,  to  adorn,  dress  her  smartly  ; 
hence  iron.  —  uno  pel  di  delle  feste,  to 
decorate  for  the  feast  day,  i.e.  to  treat 
cruelly,  punish  severely.  6.  -  una 
persona  con  alcuno,  to  place  a  person 
in  the  service  of  someone.  7.  intr.  to 
be  agreeable  ;  Faccia  come  le  -a,  do  as 
suits  you ;  Lei  non  scomoda  mai,  anzi 
accomoda  sempre,  you  are  never  in  the 
way,  on  the  contrary,  your  company  is 
always  welcome.  As  reft,  -arsi  :  8.  to 
accommodate  oneself  (to  discomfort  or 
bad  treatment).  9.  (of  disputants  or 
litigants)  to  arrive  at  an  accommodation. 
10.  to  make  oneself  comfortable,  i.e.  usu. 
to  take  a  seat.  1 1.  to  be  well  dressed. 
12.  to  pose  (for  one's  portrait).  13.  -arsi 
la  testa,  or,  queste  quattro  dita  di  cer- 
vello,  (///.)  to  arrange  the  head  or  these 
four  finger-breadths  of  brain,  i.e.  to 
modify  one's  opinions  and  sentiments 
according  to  circumstances  without  dis- 
credit. 14.  -arsi  lo  stomaco,  to  streng- 
then oneself  with  food  and  drink. 

Accomodatamente  ;  conveniently,  nicely,  suit- 
ably. 

Accomodaticcio  m. ;  anything 
hastily  patched  up. 

Accomodativo  ;  i.  convenient,  suitable.  2.  ac- 
commodating (person). 

Accomodatizio;  i.g.  -ativo  (2). 

Accomoda-t6re  w.,-t6ra/;  mender. 

Accomodatura  / ;  i.  mending.  2. 
arrangement.  3.  way  of  doing  the  hair 
(usu.  Acconciatura). 

Accompagnamento  »/.  ;  accompaniment  (in 
all  senses). 

Accompagn  are  :  i.  to  accompany; 
—  le  merci,  to  accompany  merchandise, 


viz.  when  articles  subject  to  duty  on 
entering  a  town  are  accompanied  across 
it  by  an  official  who  sees  that  nothing  is 
unpacked  within  the  town ;  —  con  let- 
tera  una  persona,  una  istanza,  to  give  a 
written  introduction,  a  written  support 
to  a  petition.  2.  to  enclose  or  send 
with  ;  Accompagno  colla  presente  il 
mio  ultimo  libro,  with  this  I  send  my 
latest  book.  3.  —  una  porta,  to  keep  a 
hand  on  a  door  to  prevent  its  slamming. 
4.  —  una  cosa  con  un  altra,  to  find  a 
match  or  fellow  to  something.  5.  to 
accompany  (a  singer). 

As  re/I,  -arsi :  6.  to  keep  company. 
7.  to  cohabit.  8.  to  marry.  9.  of 
people,  colours,  etc.,  to  match,  har- 
monise ;  -are  may  also  be  used  intr. 
in  the  last  sense ;  Le  seggiole  non 
accompagnano  col  canape,  the  chairs 
do  not  match  with  the  sofa.  10.  -arsi 
uno,  to  take  him  for  a  companion ;  S" 
accompagno  il  patriarca  suo  fratello,  he 
took  with  him  his  brother  the  patriarch. 

Accompagn-at6re  >/:.,  -atrice/;  ac- 
companyist. 

Accompagn-atura  f.\     \ .   v.   -are. 

2.  of  fly-drivers;   Fare  un'  — ,  to  take 
a  passenger  for  a  drive.     3.   fee  given 
to  a  priest  for  accompanying  a  funeral. 
4.    D'  — ,  matching;   Servire  d'  — ,  to 
serve  as  a  match  to  some  other  article. 

Accomun-are ;  i .  to  put  in  common, 
throw  open  to  all.  2.  -arsi,  to  be  familiar 
with,  associate  with  persons  of  lower 
rank  than  one's  own.  AJf.  -abile, 
-amdnto. 

Acconc-4zza  /  ;  v.  -io  (2).  -labile, 
v.  -iare.  -iamente,  nicely. 

Acconciame'nto  ///.;  i.  adaptation, 
preparation  of  things  for  use.  2.  the 
serviceableness  resulting  therefrom. 

3.  decoration.      4.     settlement   (of  a 
dispute). 

Acconciapadelle  /».  iiuiecl. ;  pot-cleaner. 

Acconci-are  ind.  acconcio  (It.  con- 
cio) ;  to  prepare  for  use,  to  arrange  in 
any  kind  of  way,  e.g.  to  get  rooms 
ready,  to  finish  up  and  leave  in  good 
order,  to  provide  a  situation  for,  to 
dispose  of  in  marriage,  to  train  an 
animal,  to  punish,  to  dress  a  lady's 
hair,  to  pickle  or  preserve,  to  mend, 
etc.  -arsi,  to  dress  for  a  party,  -arsi  a, 
to  adjust  or  accommodate  oneself  to 
(some  slightly  unpleasant  circumstance), 
-arsi  di  una  cosa,  to  avail  oneself  of  it. 
-are  il  fornaio,  to  earn  a  living  ille- 
gitimately. 

Acconci-atura  /  ;    i.   i.g.  -amento. 

2.  way  of  dressing  the  hair,  head-dress. 

3.  Perdere  or  -ersi  1'  — ,  to  miss  the 
opportunity. 

Acconcfme  »:.,  usu.  in  pi. ;  repairs 
(of  farm  buildings,  etc.). 

Acc6nc-io  ;  i.  syncop. part,  of  -are. 
2.  as  sb.  opportunity,  utility,  advantage ; 
Mi  cade  in  —  di  dire,  it  seems  expedient 
that  I  should  say.  As  adj. :  3.  suitable, 
serviceable,  dressed  out ;  Scrivere  — , 


ACCONDISCENDERE— ACCREDITARE 


ir 


to  write  in  a  flowery  style.  4.  ready 
prepared.  5.  of  fruit,  preserved;  Acqua 
-ia,  lemonade,  sugar-water ;  Ulive  -e 
Lupini  -i,  olives  or  lupins  prepared  in 
lye  and  kept  in  salt  or  fresh  water  (usit. 
termed  Indolciti). 

Accondiscendere ;  to  yield  to  entreaty,  v. 
Condiscendere. 

*Accone  in.  ;  =  Pontone,  barge. 

Acconfarsi  ;  =  Confarsi,  to  conform. 
*  Acconigliare(It.  coniglia,  the  last  bench  in  the 
fore  part  of  a  galley,  prob.  from  Coniglio,  because  it 
was  there  that  the  worst  of  the  galley  slaves  were 
placed) ;  to  draw  in  the  oars  of  a  galley  so  that  half  of 
each  oar  is  inside  and  half  outside. 

Acconsent-ire  ind.  acconsento  ;  i. 
to  consent ;  Chi  tace  -e,  i.e.  silence  gives 
consent,  to  which  in  Italian  there  is  the 
rhyming  repartee,  E  chi  sta  zitto  non 
dice  niente,  and  he  who  keeps  silent 
says  nothing,  i.e.  does  not  consent. 
2.  of  cloth,  to  stretch  (on  being  pulled), 
or  of  a  spring,  to  yield  to  pressure ;  La 
toppa  non  lavora  bene  perche  la  molla 
non  -e  come  dovrebbe,  the  lock  does 
not  work  well  because  the  spring  does 
not  give  properly.  3.  of  a  shot  or 
blow,  to  achieve  the  desired  result;  so. 
fig.  of  an  argument,  to  be  convincing, 
or  of  food,  to  do  (the  eater)  good ;  -irsi, 
to  submit  (to  the  will  of  another). 

*  to  agree  to,  accept,  approve  of. 

*Accont-are;  i.=contare,  to  count,  ii.  — uno, 
to  make  friends  with  him.  hi.  —  d'  una  cosa,  to 
give  information  about  it.  iv.  -arsi  con  uno,  to  enter 
into  conversation  with  him. 

Accontentare ;  pop.  for  Contentare. 

Accdnto  m. ;  payment  on  account. 
*  familiar  friend. 

Accoppare  ind.  accoppo  (bit.  **ad- 
colpare,  v.  Colpo) ;  to  kill. 

Accoppi-are  ind.  acc6ppio ;  i.  to 
couple,  arrange  in  pairs ;  —  una  parola 
con  un'  altra,  to  put  a  word  in  gram- 
matical connection  with  another.  As 
refl.  -arsi:  2.  to  go  in  couples  as  in  a 
procession.  3.  to  marry,  but  usu.  to 
marry  badly.  4.  to  pair,  as  animals. 

Aff.  Accoppi-amento,  -atdre,  -atrice,  "-atura. 

Accoppiat6io  >».  ;  i.  leash  for  hold- 
ing dogs.  2.  nesting-place  for  pigeons, 
etc.  3.  in  machinery  (a)  —  a  labbro  per 
assi  o  tubi,  flange  joint ;  (6)  -  -  a 
manicotto,  coupling-box  ;  (c )  -  -  per 
manichette  o  tubi  di  pompe,  hose- 
coupling. 

Accoppiatori  m.  fl.  ;  magistrates  in  the 
Florentine  republic  who  presided  at  the  scrutiny 
for  election  of  the  Signoria. 

Accor-amento  m, :  v.  -are. 

Accor-are  ind.  accoro  ;  i.  to  stab 
to  the  heart,  esp.  in  killing  pigs.  2.  fig. 
to  wound  deeply.  3.  -arsi,  to  be  heart- 
broken. 

*i.   to  touch  the  feelings  of.     ii.   to  encourage. 

*AccoratO;  Kgregiamente  — ,  this  is  a  literal 
version  of  the  L.  egregie  contains,  man  of  great 
ability. 

Accorat6io  m.  •  i.  butcher's  knke  of  a  par- 
ticular shape  for  killing  pigs.  a.  hunting  spear. 

Accorci-are  ind.  acc6rcio  (bit.  **ad- 
curtiare,  v.  Corto) ;  to  shorten.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atamente. 

Accorciatiyo ;  shortened  (name). 
Momo  e  —  di  Girolamo. 


Acc6rci-at6ia  f.  (tax.  Scorci-);  short  cut; 
-aloio,  adj.  shortening ;  .atura,  f.  (HSU.  Scorci-), 
shortening. 

Accorcire  ;  pop.  for  Accorciare. 

Accord-are;  ind.  accbrdo  (bit.  ** accordare< 
L.  ad,  chorda)  ;  i.  to  tune  (an  instrument),  harmon- 
ise (colours,  etc.).  2.  to  grant,  accord.  Aff.  -dbile, 
-atole,  -atura. 

Acc6rdat6io  tn. ;  tuning-key. 

Accord-atura  f. ;  :.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  the 
pitch  to  which  a  given  instrument  is  tuned.  Andar- 
sene  in^e,  to  have  endless  discussions  with  no  result. 
Prav.  E  come  la  veglia  del  Padella  che  se  n'  and6  in 
-ature,  it  is  like  the  party  given  by  Padella  where 
after  long  discussion  nothing  was  decided. 

Accordellare  ind.  accordello  (It. 
corda) ;  to  twist  up  into  a  cord. 

Accordellatino  m.  ;  cloth  woven  in  the  usual 
lint:  lines. 

Accordellato  m.\  i.  ribbed  cloth. 
2.  secret  understanding  for  some  bad 
purpose;  Essere  dell'  — ,  to  be  one  of 
the  gang. 

Accordio  ttt. ;  continual  tuning. 

Accdrdio  m. ;  accordion. 

Accbrdo  m.  (vt>s6.  of  Accordare) ;  accord ;  D'  — , 
agreed.  Prov.  E  meglio  un  magro  —  che  una  grassa 
sentenza,  a  thin  agreement  is  better  than  a  fat  ver-  ' 
diet,  i.e.  a  poor  compromise  is  better  than  winning 
with  heavy  damages,  viz.  because  the  law-costs  are 
less. 

Accordon-are  ind.  accordono ;  to  tie 
up  with  cord,  -ato,  ornamented  with 
cords. 

Acc6rgersi  ind.  mi  accdrgo,  perf. 
accorsi  -corge'sti,  part,  accorto  (L.  ad, 
corrigere) ;  i.  to  perceive.  2.  part. 
Accorto,  v.  infra,  in  loco. 

Accorgim£nto   m. ;     i.    acuteness. 

2.  £  stato  un  —  felice,  it  was  a  brilliant 
idea.     3.    cunning. 

Accori  m.  pi.  ',  timbers  to  shore  up  a  ship,  dog- 
shores. 

Accorpato  (L.  corpus) ;  of  animals,  with  young. 
Accorre;  ».  Accogliere. 

Accdrrere  perf.  accorsi  -corrdsti; 
part,  accdrso ;  to  run  up,  come  together. 

Accorruomo;  Gridare  — ,  to  call  for  help. 
Accorso ;  part.  Accorrere. 
Accortamente,  -feta;  •v.  Accorto. 
Accortinare;  i.  (mil.)  to  connect  fortifications 
by  curtains.     2.   to  put  curtains  round  a  bed. 

Acc6rt-0;  i.^ar/.Accorgere.  2. wary, 
wide  awake ;  of  animals,  wary,  suspi- 
cious. 3.  Stare  -i,  to  be  on  the  look  out. 
4.  Male — ,  or  as  one  word  Malaccorto, 
incautious.  5.  Fare  — ,  to  caution. 

*of  the  bodily  frame,  in  good  trim;  Sua  persona 
acconcia  di  beltate  colle  sue  parti  -e,  with  a  handsome 
figure  well  proportioned  in  all  its  parts. 

Accosciarsi ;  to  squat  down  upon 
the  thighs. 

Accost-amento  m.;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Accost-are  ind.  acc6sto  (L.  costa, 
rib);  i.  to  bring  nearer  together.  2.  to 
set  ajar  (a  door),  half  close  (a  window). 

3.  to  attend  (a  person  of  rank) ;  Accosta 
il  principe,  he  is  an  attendant  upon  the 
prince.     4.    to  be  in  close  contact;  Le 
pietre  devono  —  bene,  the  stones  should 
fit  closely  together  ;  Questa  porta  non 
accosta   bene,  bisogna  ritoccarla,  this 
door  does  not  meet  the  frame  properly, 
you  must  give  it  another  touch.     5.  fig. 
Accostano  piii  i  figliuoli  che  gli  amici, 
children  are  dearer  than  friends.     6.  of 
food,  to  be  comforting  to  the  stomach. 

As  refl.  -arsi :  7.  to  approach  ;  Si  ac- 
costa al  principe,  he  is  approaching  the 


prince.  8.  to  be  on  intimate  terms,  usu. 
with  a  neg. ;  Da  poi  che  mi  fece  quel 
brutto  tiro  non  mi  ci  sono  piu  accostato, 
I  have  never  been  on  intimate  terms 
with  him  since  he  played  me  that  trick. 
9.  -arsi  all'  opinione  d'  uno,  to  follow  his 
opinion.  10.  -arsi  ai  Sacramenti,  to 
communicate,  ii.  to  resemble;  £  un 
vino  che  s'  accosta  al  Chianti,  it  is  a 
wine  of  the  Chianti  type. 

In  pres.  part.  :  12.  Persona  ac- 
costante,  near  relation. 

*  Accost-arello  in.\  = -atore. 

Accostatbre  in. ;  man  who  leads  the  cattle  to 
the  threshing  floor  to  tread  out  the  corn. 

Acc6st-0;  i.  prep,  near,  alongside. 
2.  D1 — ,  close  by.  3.  as  sb.  supporter ; 
Aver  di  buoni  -i,  to  have  good  support. 
As  adj. :  4.  neighbouring.  5.  --  a, 
supported  upon.  6.  intimately  con- 
nected. 

Accostolato  m. ;  (mar.)  ribs  of  a  ship. 

Accostolatura  f.  ;  wrinkle  made  in  pressing 
cloth. 

Accost umare  ;  =  Avvezzare,  to  accustom. 

Accoton-are  ind.  accotdno;  to  comb  cloth  so 
as  to  give  it  a  nap  or  covering  of  fine  hairs  combed 
out  of  its  substance  and  lying  smoothly  in  one  direc- 
tion. *i.  — la  barba  =  Arricciarla,  to  curl  it.  ii.  to 
line  with  cotton.  Aff.  -attire,  -atura. 

Accottimare  ind.  acc6ttimo ;  to 
take,  or  let  out,  upon  contract,  v. 
Cottimo. 

Accovacciarsi ;  of  animals,  i.  to 
run  into  a  hole.  2.  to  squat  so  as  to 
be  hidden,  v.  Covare. 

Accpvacciolarsi  ind.  m'  accovdc- 
ciolo ;  i.q.  Accovacciarsi,  but  said  of 
the  smaller  animals. 

Accovonare  ind.  accovdno ;  to  tie  up  into 
sheaves. 

Accozz-abile,  -aglia  lot  of  miscellaneous  rub- 
bish, .ame'nto,  -o  sbs.,  v.  -are. 

Accozz-are  ind.  acc6zzo(It.cozzare) ; 
i.  to  jumble  up  together.  2.  to  sort  (a 
hand  at  cards).  3.  to  piece  together 
(the  parts  of  a  thing) ;  —  il  desinare 
con  la  cena,  to  join  supper  to  dinner, 
i.e.  to  live  comfortably,  usu.  in  neg. ; 
Fo  e  fo,  eppure  non  mi  riesce  d'  — ,  etc., 
do  what  I  can  I  cannot  make  a  comfort- 
able living  ;  —  i  pentolini,  to  jumble 
pots,  i.e.  to  live  in  common ;  Non  —  il 
nome  col  verbo,  not  to  put  noun  and 
verb  together,  i.e.  to  be  unable  to  speak 
(or  write)  two  words  consecutively,  to 
be  a  dunce.  4.  poet.  =  Cozzare,  to  butt, 
-arsi :  5.  Una  cosa  non  s'  -a  con  un' 
altra,  a  thing  does  not  go  with  some 
other  (when  they  do  not  look  well  to- 
gether). 6.  to  meet  (esp.  when  the 
meeting  is  for  some  mischief);  Quelle 
due  s'  accozzano  bene  fra  di  loro,  those 
two  are  worthy  of  each  other. 

*-are  un  soldo,  to  save  a  halfpenny.    *  -arsi :  i.  to 
unite,    ii.  to  have  an  interview,    iii.  to  fight,    iv.  to 
take  up  a  position  for  a  battle,     v.    to  be  in  con- 
formity,    vi.   —  nozze,  to  marry,  v.   Cozzare. 
Accrebbi ;  perf.  Accrescere. 

Accreditare  ind.  accre'dito ;  i.  to 
accredit  (an  envoy).  2.  to  make  (a 
thing)  be  well  thought  of,  bring  it 
into  credit,  to  confirm  (the  truth  of  a 
story).  3.  (com.)  Lo  accreditai  per 
cento  lire,  I  gave  him  a  letter  of  credit 


12 


ACCRESCERE— ACQUA 


for  a  hundred  francs ;  Accreditante,  per- 
son issuing  a  letter  of  credit  in  favour 
of  a  customer,  Accreditato,  to  be 
honoured  by  a  third  party,  the  Ac- 
creditario. 

Accresc-ere  Perf.  accre"bbi  -cresce"sti,  part. 
accresciuto  (L.  ad,  crescere}\  to  increase.  Ajff. 
-imento. 

Accrescitiv-o;  v.  Accrescere.  In  grammar  it 
is  applied  to  the  strengthened  forms  of  Italian  sub- 
stantives and  adjectives.  Aff,  -amente. 

Accresciuto;  part.  Accrescere. 

*  Accrespare  (It.  crespa} ;  to  wrinkle. 

Accrespatura/ ;  wrinkle  in  cloth. 

Accrezi6ne_/^ ;  intestinal  accretion. 

*  Accroccare  ;  to  take  with  a  hook. 

*  Accruscagliare  ;  to  mix  up  a  thing  with  some- 
thing where  it   should   not  be,  like   bran  amongst 
flour. 

*Accubito  »/.  ;  i.  heaviness  in  the  eyelids, 
ii.  the  recumbent  attitude  in  which  the  ancient 
Romans  took  their  meals,  or  the  mattress  on  which 
they  lay. 

Accucci-arsi  or  -olarsi ;  of  dogs,  to 
lie  curled  up. 

Accud-ire  ind.  -isco ;  —  a,  to  attend 
to.  *  to  assist. 

Etym.  \J.accudere(<ad,cudi'ret  to  beat,  stamp), 
lit.  therefore  to  hammer  out,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hew, 
Hay. 

Accul-are  ind.  acculo  ;  i.  to  place 
(a  horse)  with  his  hind-quarters  against 
(a  wall).  2.  to  rest  the  body  of  a  cart 
on  the  ground  with  the  shafts  in  the  air. 
3.  -arsi,  to  sit  on  the  haunches,  sit  up, 
as  a  rabbit  or  dog.  *  i.  to  be  a  settled 
inhabitant,  ii.  to  be  doing  nothing. 

Acculattare(It.  culatta);  i.  to  pick 
a  boy  up  by  his  arms  and  legs  and  bump 
him  on  the  ground.  2.  —  il  ciro,  to  wrap 
paper  round  the  base  of  a  wax  candle. 
3.  —  le  panche,_/a/n.  to  sit  idle. 

Accumul-abile;  -are.  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azidne, 
as  E. 

Accurat-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ezza. 

Accus-a  f. ;  i.  accusation.  2.  ex- 
amining magistrate  taking  the  part  of 
public  prosecutor.  3.  Camera  d'  -e,  a 
court  exercising  functions  analogous  to 
those  of  an  English  grand  jury,  -flbile, 


Accus-are  (L.  ad,  causa);  i.  to  ac- 
cuse. 2.  to  acknowledge;  —  i  peccati, 
to  confess  one's  sins  ;  —  un  malore, 
to  admit  not  feeling  quite  well ;  —  una 
lettera,  acknowledge  receipt  of  a  letter ; 
—  tre  assi  (at  cards),  to  call  three  aces ; 
-arsi  morto,  to  give  oneself  up  for  lost. 

Accusata/l ;  (at  cards)  call,  declara- 
tion. 

Accusative:  accusative  (case). 

Accus-atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atorio ;  v.  -are. 

Acefalo  (Or.  i  priv.,  Kt*«Aij,  head) ;  i.  head- 
less ;  Libro  — ,  book  from  which  the  beginning  is 
missing ;  Concilio  —  ,  council  not  presided  over  by 
the  Pope.  2.  as  sb.  pi.  -i :  (a)  sect  of  heretics  who 
recognised  no  head;  (b)(anat.') acephalous  monsters; 
(c)(zool.)  acephalous  molluscs. 

*Acer-a.X;  v.  -o.    *-aia,yi= -eta. 

Acerbo  (L.  acerbus ;  root  ac,  sharp) ; 
unripe,  acid,  bitter ;  Bacchiar  le  -e  e  le 
mature,  to  knock  down  unripe  and  ripe 
(olives  or  nuts),  i.e.  to  indulge  one's 
whims  without  regard  to  the  feelings 
of  anyone,  or  to  make  love  both  to 
young  girls  and  old  women,  and  so  on, 
to  act  indiscriminately. 

Aff.  Acerb-ame'nte,  -etto,  -ezza,  -ita. 


Acer6t-a/,  -o  m. ;  maple-copse. 

A'cero  m.  (Acera/)  (L.);  (hot.)  i.  — 
comune,  maple  tree,  Acer  campestre, 
also  termed  Oppio,  Loppio,  Testucchio, 
Galluzzo,  Stucchio,  Tascollo.  2.  —  della 
Virginia,  maple-leaved  box  elder,  Acer 
negundo.  3.  —  di  montagna,  syca- 
more, Acerpseudo-platanus,  also  termed 
Loppone,  Falso  platano,  Sicomoro.  4. 
—  da  zucchero,  sugar  maple,  Acer  sac- 
charimim. 

Ac&rrimo  superl.  of  Acre ;  only 
used  fig. 

Acert&llo  or  Accertfello  (Agertello) 
m.  (prob.  a  contracted  dim.  from  L. 
accipiter,  hawk)  ;  kestrel,  v.  Grillaio. 

Acervale  adj.  ;  the  "sorites"  (argument); 
sillogismo  — ,  a  string  of  syllogisms  in  which  the 
conclusion  of  one  step  forms  the  basis  of  the  next. 

*  Acervo  »/.;  (L.)  heap. 

*Acesmare;  v.  Accismare. 

Acesc-6nte ;  turning  sour ;  -enza  f. 
acidity. 

Acetabolo    m.    (L.    acetabulum)  ; 

1.  vinegar  jar  of  the  ancient  Romans. 

2.  an  ancient  measure  of  capacity  about 
the  eighth  of  a  pint.     3.   socket  of  the 
hip-joint,  acetabulum.  4.  dice-box.   5.  a 
cryptogamous  plant,  sea  navel-wort. 

Acetaio  m.  ;  vinegar  maker  or  dealer. 

Acetario ;  suitable  for  eating  in  salad. 

Acetato ;  i.  smelling  of  vinegar.  2.  mixed 
with  vinegar,  Rame  — ,  verdigris.  3.  as  sb.  acetate  ; 
—  di  piombo.  acetate  of  lead,  sugar  of  lead. 

Acet-eliayl ;  acidified  water,  -ico,  -ificazidne, 
asE. 

Acetilene  m. ;  acetylene  gas. 

Acetino  in.  ;  (win.)  r.  small  oriental  garnet 
of  bright  colour.  2.  in  pi.  small  imitation  garnets 
made  of  glass. 

Actito  m.  (L.  ace  turn  <  acere,  to  be 
sharp,  v.  Acido) ;  i.  vinegar.  2.  — 
de'  quattro  (or  sette)  ladri,  four  thieves' 
vinegar,  a  scented  vinegar  made  speci- 
ally at  S.  Maria  Novella  in  Florence, 
supposed  to  have  hygienic  properties, 
and  to  be  efficacious  against  the  plague. 
3.  Prendere  or  Pigliare  1'  — ,  to  acquire 
a  sour  smell,  to  go  sour.  4.  Mettere 
sotto  1'  — ,  to  pickle.  5.  II  suo  —  e  di 
vin  dolce,  i.e.  he  is  a  mischievous  person 
under  an  appearance  of  harmlessness. 
6.  Prima  d'  esser  —  fui  vino,  i.e.  I  was 
driven  to  evil  courses  by  harsh  treat- 
ment. 7.  Per  forza  si  fa  1'  — ,  a  pro- 
verbial retort  to  the  threat,  If  you  will 
not  do  it  of  your  own  accord  you  shall 
be  made  to ;  I  know  no  corresponding 
proverbial  retort  in  English ;  the  mean- 
ing is  obvious,  vis.  that  ill-feeling  will 
be  the  result.  8.  Non  metterci  nfe  sale 
ne  — ,  usu.  ne  sale  ne  olio,  v.  Olio. 
9.  Non  credere  neanche  all'  — -,  pop. 
of  a  person  who  does  not  believe  in 
religion.  10.  Par  la  vecchia  dell' — ,  of 
a  small  or  worn  out  woman  who  looks 
old.  ii.  —  radicale,  pure  vinegar. 
*fig.  —  rinforzato,  avaricious  man. 

*  Acetone  m.  ;    a   cattle   epidemic  of  unknown 
nature. 

Acet6sa/;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  —  coltivata, 
garden  sorrel,  v.  Soleggiola ;  (6)  —  car- 
pigna,  Oxalis  corniculata ;  (c)  —  minore, 
sheep's  sorrel,  Rumex  acetosella ;  (d)  — 


romana,  French  sorrel,  Rumex  scutatus. 
2.   vinegar  water. 

Acetosella  f. ;  (bat.)  i.  wood  sorrel,  Oxalis 
acetosella.  2.  —  sensitiva  delle  Indie,  East  Indian 
sensitive  wood  sorrel,  Oxalis  sensitiva. 

Acetositay^ ;  acidity. 

Acetdso;  acid,  vinegar-like.  Fer- 
mentazione  -a,  acetic  fermentation. 


Acetume 
acidity.     3. 


m.;     i.=  Forti,    pickles. 
acid  smelling  drink. 


Acheay^;  (l>ot.)  an  Australian  genus,  Hakea. 

Acheo ;  Achaean. 

Acherdo  in. ;  (Gr.)  a  kind  of  wild  pear. 

Acheront-eo  (Gr.  'A.%epuiv  =  b  axea  peW,  the 
stream  of  woe);  Templi  -ei,  the  other  world. 

Acherdntico;  sepulchral. 

*Achigiare;  an  old  Sicilian  word,  to  come  to 
shore. 

Achilla/;  (bot.)  yarrow,  Achillea 
millefoliitm. 

Achilleo  adj.  ;  of  a  certain  kind  of  sponge, 
hard,  suitable  for  painters'  sponges.  Also  as  sb. 
sponge  of  this  character. 

*  Achitto  m  ;  =Acchito,  the  lead  at  billiards. 
tAciare:  to  wheeze. 

Acicolare  (tot.):  needle-shaped  (leaf).  ^ 

Acicula  or  Acuculay". ;  (bot.) shepherd's  needle, 
Scandix  pecten. 

A'cid-o  (L.,  root  ac  sharp);  as  E.  Aff.  -e^to, 
•ezza,  -ificare,  -ificazione,  -ino,  dim.  -ita,  -ulare  vt>.t 
-ulo  dim. 

Acidume  m. ;  pickles,  or  anything  very  acid. 

Acinace  tn.  (L.  aclnax  <  Persian  ahen,  iron, 
with  dim.  suffix  ek);  ancient  Persian  dagger. 

Acinatico  m.  ;  wine  made  from  shrivelled 
grapes. 

Acinif6rme  ;  shaped  like  a  bunch  of  grapes. 

A'cino  m. ;  (A)  (L.)  i.  one  berry  in 
a  bunch  of  grapes  or  currants.  2.  bunch, 
cluster  of  fruit.  3.  pip  of  a  grape.  4.  ker- 
nel or  seed  inside  the  pip.  (B)  a  kind 
of  thyme,  Thymiis  acynos. 

Acin6so;  i.  having  fruit  in  clusters. 
2.  with  plenty  of  such  clusters.  3.  i.q. 
Aciniforme. 

Acinuzzo  m. ;  dim.  Acino. 
*  Acio  m. ;  hard  breathing,  wheezing. 

Acioa  f.  ;  a  tree  in  Guiana  with  edible  nuts. 

Acirologia  f.  (Gr.  oitvpoAo-yi'a) ;  inaccurate  use 
of  words,  catachresis. 

A'clid-e  or  -o  m. ;  short  dart  of  the  ancient 
Oscans. 

Acme  or  Acne  /  (Gr.  ix"a) ;  pimples  on  the 
face. 

Acmella  /. ;  a  corymbiferous  plant,  native  of 
Ceylon,  formerly  used  in  medicine. 

Acdnito  m.  (L.  <Gr.  aitovirov);  i.  aconite, 
Aamilam  napellus.  2.  —  medicinale,  medicinal 
aconite,  AconitHm  anthora. 

•Aconzia/  (Gr.  indirioi',  a  dart);  a  kind  of 
viper  supposed  to  spring. 

A'cor-e  or  -o  m.;  scald  head,  scabby  eruption. 

A'coro;«.  ;(bot.)  i. sweet  flag  or  sweet 
sedge,  v.  Canna  (i,  g).  2.  —  falso, 
yellow  flag,  v.  Coltellacci. 

Acqn-a   /.    (L.   aqua) ;     1.    water. 

2.  rain ;    All'   — ,   of   weather,   rainy. 

3.  in  reference  to  jewels,  — ,  as  in  E., 
means  transparency  ;    Ametista  di  un' 

-  nericcia,  amethyst  of  dark  water. 

Phrases  :  4.  —  accoricia,  scented  water.  5.  Al- 
lacciiire — ,  to  collect  the  water  of  various  springs 
for  making  waterworks;  Allacciatura  dell'  — ,  or 
dell'  -e,  the  works  necessary  for  such  collection. 

6.  —    oenedetta,    lustrale,    or    santa,    holy    water. 

7.  —  a  bigoncioli,  a  catinelle.  a  orci,  or  a  secchie, 
heavy  rain,  coming  down  in  buckets  full.     8.   —  in 
bocca;   hold  your  tongue,  silence.     9.    Cader  1'  _ — 
bollita  addosso  ad  uno,  or  Avere  avuto  1*  —  bollita 
addosso,  i.e.  to  be  as  limp  as  a  wet  rag,  to  have  no 
energy  left.     10.    Cappello  a  due,  a  tre,  or  a  quattro 
-e  scherz.  of  a  hat  with  a  large  drooping  brim,  v. 
infra  (50).    n.  — a  catinelle,  v.  svpra  (7).    M.  Las- 
ciare  andare,  or  c  >rrer,  1'  —  alia  chitui,  i.e.  to  let 
things  slide.     13.    Dare  1'  — ,  to  baptise  at  home  on 
account    of   urgency.      14.    —   dolce\    fresh    water. 
15.    Tra  le  due  -e,  or  A  mezz'  — ,  midway  between 


ACQUABORRA— ACRO 


the  surface  and  the  bottom  of  a  stream.  16.  Fare 
—,  of  a  roof,  or  of  a  ship,  to  leak.  17.  Filo  d'  — , 
minute  stream  of  water;  Filo  dell'  — ,  direction  of 
the  current.  18.  Ajfor  d'  — ,  on  the  surface.  19.  — 
forte  (cAein.)  aqua  fortis,  nitro-hydrochloric  acid. 
20.  —  alle ./««/,  or  alle  ruote,  water  to  the  ropes, 
or  wheels,  i.e.  help  when  needed.  The  allusion  as 
regards  the  ropes  is  to  an  incident  when  the  large 
obelisk  in  the  piazza  before  S.  Peter's  at  Rome  was 
being  hoisted  into  position,  and  at  a  critical  moment 
a  sailor  among  the  crowd  of  lookers  on,  seeing  that 
the  engineers  were  in  difficulties,  shouted  'Accjua 
alle  funi.1  The  shrinking  of  the  ropes  upon  being 
wetted  produced  the  desired  result.  21.  —  di  latte, 
whey  of  curdled  milk.  22.  Lavare  a  piu  -e,  to  wash 
several  times,  each  time  with  clean  water.  23.  — 
lustra??,  v.  supra  (6).  24.  Piu  grosso  dell'  -e  di 
maccheroni)  thicker  than  water  in  which  macaroni 
has  been  boiling,  i.e.  very  stupid;  Puro,  Innocente 
come,  or  pin  dell'  -e  di  maccheroni,  of  one  who  while 
really  vicious  or  morose  wishes  to  pass  as  virtuous  or 
simple.  25.  —  maestm,  lye  from  which  soap  is 
made.  26.  —  di  mart,  the  colour  aquamarine. 
27.  A  mess'  — ,  v.  supra  (15).  28.  Metter  1'  —  in 
moltf,  scherz.  to  get  refreshments  ready,  lit.  to  put 
the  water  to  soak.  Or  iron,  as  of  a  useless  servant 
girl,  Non  sa  neanche  metier  1*  —  in  molle.  29.  — 
nanfat  orange  flower  water.  30.  —  da  occhi,  eye 
lotion  ;  Essere  —  da  occhi,  to  be  of  no  value.  It 
might  be  said  to  anyone  who  made  no  account  of 
some  valuable  article  and  was  using  it  accordingly, 
Non  e  mica  —  da  occhi,  or  O  che  e  —  da  occhi  ? 
31.  —  a  orci,  v.  supra  (7).  32.  —  Janata,  toast 
and  water.  33.  Passar  I1  — ,  to  drink  aperient 
water.  34.  —  pazza  or  —  tinta,  weak  wine  and 
water.  35.  Pelo  dell'  — ,  the  surface  of  water  with 
reference  to  the  height  to  which  a  lake  or  river 
has  risen.  36.  —  di  Perugia^  poison,  v.  Acquetta. 
37.  —  piovana,  rain  water.  38.  P render  foco  nell' 
— ,  to  catch  fire  in  water,  i.e.  to  be  very  quick- 
tempered; Premiere  tant'  — ,  to  get  wet  through 
with  rain.  39.  — di  ragiat  turpentine.  40.  Rovescio, 
or  Scossa,  d1  — ,  sudden  heavy  shower  of  rain.  41.  — 
alle  ruote,  v.  supra  (20).  42.  —  santa,  v.  supra  (6). 
43.  Scossa  d'  — ,  v.  su^ra  (40).  44.  —  scruditat 
water  with  the  chill  taken  off  but  not  quite  warm. 
45.  — a  secchie,  v.  s upra  (7).  46.  Lavorare  soft' — , 
i.e.  to  work  secretly.  47.  S'  intende  —  e  non 
tempesta,  or  —  e  non  tempesta,  or  Acqua  alone,  an 
exclamation  signifying  excess  of  something  more  or 
less  unpleasant ;  S'  intende  —  e  non  tempesta ;  le 
tasse  s'  hanno  a  pagare  ma  a  questo  modo  si  va  in 
rovina,  let  us  have  rain  not  a  tempest,  taxes  must  be 
paid,  but  if  this  sort  of  thing  goes  on  we  shall  be 
ruined,  48.  Tendere  all'  — ,  to  set  snares  for  birds 
by  their  drinking  places.  49.  Esser  1'  —  in  terra, 
to  be  just  going  to  rain.  50.  Tftto  a  una,  a  due, 
a  tre,  or  a  quattro  -e,  a  roof  sloping  in  one,  two, 
three,  or  four  directions.  51.  —  tinta^  v.  supra  (34). 
52.  Aver  la  voglia  dell'  — ,  to  be  unable  to  keep  still. 
Proverbs :  53.  Da  che  1'  —  bagna,  since  rain 
has  been  wet,  i.e.  since  the  world  began.  54.  Non 
saper  che  —  si  btnv,  or  Non  saper  in  che  -e  pescare 
or  navigare,  i,e.  to  be  uncertain  what  course  to  adopt. 

55.  Affogar  in  un  bicckier  d'  — ,  to  drown  in  a  glass 
of  water,  i.e.  to  be  embarrassed  by  a  small  difficulty. 

56.  In  cent*  anm  e  cento  mesi  torna  1'  —  a  su'  paesi, 
in  a  hundred  years  and  a  hundred  months  rain  re- 
turns upon   the   country-,   i.e.   what   has    happened 
before  will  happen  again.     57.    Cerchio  lontano  — 
vicina,  cerchio  vicino  —  lontana^  i.e.  a  large  circle 
round  the  moon  is  a  sign  of  rain,  a  small  one  of 
fine  weather.    58.  \\fiutne  non  ingrossa  d'  —  chiara, 
a  flood  does  not  come  with  clear  water,  i.e.   great 
wealth  is  not  quickly  acquired  honestly.  59.  Friggere 
con  1'  — ,  to  fry  in  water,  i.e.  to  try  to  do  something 
with   unsuitable   means  or  tools.     60.    —   del   mal 
villano  che  par  non  piuya  e  passa  il  gabhano^  the 
rain   of  the   odious   rustic  which   seems   not   to  be 
falling  but  gets  through  your  overcoat.     61.    Aver 
1'  —  -&\\*  gola,  i.e.  to  be  up  to  the  neck  in  difficulties. 
62.    Fuggir  1'  —  sotto  le  grondaie,  to  get  out  of  the 
rain*  under  the  gutter-spouts,  out  of  the  frying-pan 
into  the  fire.     63.   Mantello  per  ogni  — ,  cloak  for 
any  kind  of  shower,  i.e.  capacity  to  adapt  oneself  to 
all  circumstances.     64.    L*  —  va  al  mare,  said  when 
a  man  already  rich  inherits  a  fortune.    65.   Alle  tre 
nebbie  — ,  lit.   rain   after  the  appearance   of  three 
clouds,   i.e.   when  there   have   been  repeated    signs 
of  a  thing  being  about  to  happen  it  does  happen. 
66.    Sotto  1'  —  fame,  sotto  la  neve  pane,  i.e.  a  snowy 
winter  is  followed  by  a  good  harvest,  a  rainy  winter 
by  a  bad  one.     67.   L'  —  fa  marcire  i  Pali,  or  rovina 
i  ponti,  it  is  water  which  rots  piles,  or  undermines 
bridges — the  drunkard's  indictment  of  water.    68.  — 
passata  non  macina  piu,  water  which  has  passed  the 
mill  does  no  more  work,  i.e.  either,  an  opportunity 
gone  cannot  be  recovered,  or,  let  bygones  be  bygones. 
69.   Fare  quattrini  in  sull'  — ,  i.e.  to  make  money  out 
ot  everything  and  in  every  way.     70.   —  che  corre 
non  port  a  veleno,   running  water  is  not  poisonous, 
i.e.  one  who  gives  vent  to  his  feelings  soon  recovers 
his  temper. 


*  Acquaborra  f.  ;   i.  a  kind  of  mineral  water, 
ii.  fie.  a  thing  of  no  value. 

Acquaccia  f. ;  pegg.  Acqua. 

*  Acquacchi-are ;   i.  to  weaken,     ii.  -arsi=Ac- 
quattarsi,  to  squat,  cower  down. 

Acquacedrataio  m. ;  lemonade  sell- 
er. 

Acquadernare  ;  =  Acquidernare. 

Acquafort ista  m. ;  etcher  (on  copper  or  steel), 
v.  Acqua  (10). 

*Acquagione  in.  ;  =  Acquazzone,  storm. 
*Acquagliare  ;=  Accagliare,  to  curdle. 

Acquaio  ?«. ;  i.  sink,  washing  up 
place ;  fig.  E  una  gola  d'  —  mangerebbe 
1'  inferno,  i.e.  there  is  nothing  he  will  not 
eat ;  Mandar  tutto  per  la  gola  dell'  • — , 
to  spend  one's  fortune  on  gluttony.  2.  in 
agriculture,  a  water  lead,  shallow  trench. 

*  i.    in  fi.  =  Doccipni,  water  pipes,      ii.    any  re- 
ceptacle for  water,     iii.    lavatory  basin  ;  Andarsene 
per  il  buco  dell'  — ,  to  run  away  down  the  sink,  i.e. 
to  come  to  nothing;  Ogni  casa  ha  cessp  e  — ,  every 
house  has  a  privy  and  a  sink,  i.f.  has  imperfections 
and  worries,    iv.  trench  round  chestnut  trees,    v.  as 
adj.  Vento  — ,  rain  bringing  wind. 

Acquaibla  /  ;  water  ousel,  v.  Mer- 
lo (2). 

Acquai61o  ( Acquaruolo)  m. ;  i .  water- 
bearer,  water-seller.  2.  Flower-pot  holder 
with  a  circular  channel  which  can  be 
filled  with  water  so  as  to  prevent  ants 
from  getting  to  the  flowers.  3.  man 
employed  to  water  the  streets.  4.  work- 
man who  applies  the  necessary  water 
in  fulling  cloth,  finisher. 

As  adj.  :  5.  watery,  belonging  to 
water  ;  Topo  — ,  water-rat ;  Ciliegia 
-a,  an  early  cherry  with  very  watery 
pulp  ;  Bolla  -a,  water-blister  ;  Vaiuolo 
-  (meti.),  a  variety  of  chicken-pox; 
Merlo  — ,  water  ousel,  v.  Merlo  (i,  b\ 

Acquamarina  f. ;  aquamarine,  a  jewel  of  a 
sea-green  colour ;  it  is  a  variety  of  the  beryl. 

Acquapend-ere ;  of  a  mountain  side, 
to  slope  (towards  some  river).  Part. 
-ente,  as  sb.  tn.,  a  slope,  cp.  Fr.  versant, 
which  under  the  Italianised  form  Ver- 
sante  is  often  used  instead  of  it. 

*  Acqua-pendenza./;  =  -pendente,  slope.    *-pio- 
vere  = -pendere,  to  slope. 

*  Acquare;  =  Tnaffiare,  to  water. 

Acquarello  ;«.;= Acquerello. 
Acquar6ne  m. ;  =  Acquazzone. 
AcquaroSa  / ;  rosewater. 
Acquartier-are  ;  to  quarter  (troops). 
AJf.  -ame'nto. 

Acquanigiola ;  v.  Acquerugiola. 

*  Acqu-aruolo;  =  Acquaiolo.     *-arzente  (Span. 

aguardiente) ;  brandy.    *  -astrino ;  i.  sb.  =  Acquitrino. 
ii.  adj.  =  Acquitrinoso. 

Acquata/.;  i.  rain-shower.  2.  (mar.) 
store  of  fresh  water. 

Acquatico  (Acquatile) ;  as  E, 
•Acquatrino  »«.;  =  Acquitrino,  bog. 

Acquattarsi  (I  t.  a,  quatto) ;  to  crouch. 

Acquavit-e  /.  (L.  aqua  vita,  an  al- 
chemist's term,  cp.  Fr.  eau  de  vie,  Irish 
uisge  bheatha,  lit.  water  oflife,>usque- 
baugh)  ;  brandy.  Ajf.  -aio,  brandy 
seller. 

Acquazzone  (Acquagione,  Acqua- 
rone,  Acquazione)  m.  (It.  acqua,  with 
pegg.  and  augm.  suffixes  -azza,  -one) ; 
heavy  shower,  'temporary  pool  due 
to  flooding. 

*  Acquazzoso  ;=Piovoso. 


Acqueddtto  (Acquidotto)  m.\  aqueduct. 
A'cqueo;  as  E. 

*  Acquerecci-ayi  or  -o  m.',  water-bottle. 

Acquerell-a/ ;  fine  rain.    *  =  -o. 

Acquerell-are  ind.  acquerMlo ;  to 
paint  in  water-colours.  Aff.  -ista. 

Acquerello  or  Acquarello  m.  ; 
i.  water-colour  picture.  2.  water  colour, 
the  colour  material  for  painting.  3.  a 
sort  of  poor  wine  made  by  pouring 
water  on  the  wine  lees,  also  termed 
Vinello.  Prov.  Perdere  or  Rimetterci  i! 
mosto  el'  — ,  /;/.  to  lose  both  wine  and 
after-wine,  i.e.  to  lose  both  one's  labour 
and  expenses.  *wine  and  water. 

Acquerell-uccio  tn.'t  dim.  spreg.  of  -0(1). 

Acquerugiola  or  Acquanigiola  / ; 
fine  drizzle. 

Acquetta/  ;  i.  light  rain.  2.  =  Vin- 
ello, second  make  of  wine.  3.  —  di 
Perugia,  or  simply  — ,  a  kind  of  slow 
poison. 

Acquicella  / ;  =  Acquerella,  fine 
rain. 

Acquidern-are  (Acquadernare,  Ac- 
quinternare)  ind.  acquiderno ;  to  fold 
(paper  for  copybooks);  v.  Quaderno. 
Aff.  -atdre. 

Acquiddccio  m.  (L.  aquee  ductio] ; 
walled  water  course  for  receiving  water 
from  the  smaller  watercourses  of  the 
fields.  *sewer. 

*  Acquidoso  ;=;  Acquoso,  watery. 
Acquid6tto  //;.;  =  Acquedotto. 
Acquiescen-te,  -za;  as  E.  (the  verb  is  ob- 
solete). 

Acquiet-abile,  -amento,  v.  -are. 

Acquiet-are  or  Acchet-areiW.  -etp;  to  quiet, 
to  satisfy,  -arsi,  to  resign  oneself.  *  to  give  up  con- 
testing. I  Sanesi  acquietarono  il  castello  a'  Fioren- 
tini,  the  Siennese  acquiesced  in  the  possession  of  the 
castle  by  Florence. 

Acquinternare;  =  Acquidernare,  to  fold. 

Acquirente;  (leg.)  purchasing,  or  as  sb.  pur- 
chaser. 

Acquisire  ;  (/<?*•.)=  Acquistare,  to  acquire. 

Acquisitive;  {leg.)  Titolo — ,  right  to  acquire. 

Acquist-are  (L.  ady  quaerere)\  \.  to 
purchase.  2.  to  acquire  (a  disease). 

3.  to  procure  ;  —  fede  a  una  cosa,  to 
make  it  believed  ;  —  spazio,  to  go  for- 
wards ;  —  un  luogo,  to  reach  a  place ; 
—  una  persona,  to  gain  his  adherence. 

4.  intr.  to  succeed,  do  well,  gain  ground 
in  any  sense.     Aff.  -abile. 

Acquisto  m. ;  acquisition. 

*  Acquitrina  f.\  —  Acquerugiola,  drizzle. 

Acquitrin-o  (Acquastrino,  Acqua- 
trino)  m. ;  i.  water  slowly  oozing  from 
the  ground.  2.  marshy,  boggy  place. 
Aff.  -6so. 

Etym.  bit.  *"  acqnatorinus  <  L.  agitator,  water- 
carrier. 

*  Acquivento  m.\  storm  of  wind  and  rain. 

Acquolina  / ;  i.  little  quantity  of 
water.  2.  fine  rain. 

Acqu6s-o;  watery.     Aff.  -ita. 

Acre  (L.  acery  root  ac^  sharp) ; 
sharp,  pungent. 

Acredine^:;  (med.)  acidity  (of  the  humours  of 
the  body).  , 

Acreme'nte;  pungently. 
"Acrigno;  somewhat  pungent. 

Acrimoniay;;  i.  sharpness,  pungency,  acidity 
(of  the  blood,  etc.).  2.  bitterness,  acrimony. 

*  Aero  ;  i.  adj.  —  Acre.    ii.  sb.  acre  (of  land 


ACROAMATICO— ADDIZIONE 


Acroamatico  (Gr.  axpoa/iartKoc  from  axpoao- 
/iai,  to  listen);  abstruse,  obscure,  lit.  requiring  viva 
voce  explanation. 

Acr6bat-a  in.  (Gr.  a*pos,  jSatVw,  to  walk  on 
high);  acrobat.  Aff.  -ico,  -ismo. 

Acr6gene(Gr.);(<5oA)  growing  at  the  extremity, 
as  ferns,  so  that  they  emerge  from  the  ground  with 
the  same  thickness  of  stalk  as  they  have  when  fully 
grown. 

Acromati-co,  -smo  (Gr.  a  priv.,  xpw/xa, 
colour) ;  as  E. 

Acrdpoliy:;  (Gr.)asE. 

Acrdstico  ?n.  (Gr.  aicpos,  ITTI^OS,  ends  of  a  row) ; 
as  E. 

Acroterio  nt.  (Gr.  atcpoi,  high);  pedestal  for  a 
statue  on  the  top  of  the  facade  of  a  building. 
tAcuccodo  jn. ;  =  Muggine,  mullet. 

Acucula  /;  (fo/.)  =  Acicula,  shepherd's  needle. 
*Acu-ire  (L.  acus,  needle);  to  sharpen.     *-itk; 
sharpness. 

Aculeate  ;  i.  sharp  pointed.  2.  (of 
insects)  possessing  a  sting. 

Aculeo  m.  (L.  aculeus) ;  I.  sting  (of 
an  insect).  2.  point  of  any  natural 
body.  3.  fig.  point,  sting  (of  a  sar- 
casm). 

Acume  (Acumine)  ;«. ;  intelligence,  acumen. 
*  point,  end,  pointedness  as  opp.  to  floweriness  of 
style  (D.). 

Acuminare  ind.  aciimino  ;  to  sharp- 
en to  a  point. 

Acustica  /!;  acoustics,  science  of  sound. 

Acustico  (Gr.  aKOuu,  to  hear) ;  acoustic,  re- 
ferring to  the  sense  of  hearing. 

Acutezza  f. ;  sharpness,  physical  or  moral, 
intensity  esp.  of  eyesight.  *  acidity  (of  blood). 

Acut-0  (L.  acutus,  root  ac,  sharp); 
I.  sharp  ;  Male  — ,  typhus ;  —  al  camino, 
desirous  to  proceed,  D.  Inf.  26.  122  ; 
Questo  latte  ha  preso  d'  — ,  this  milk 
has  got  a  sour  smell.  2.  (mus.)  Gli  -i, 
the  top  notes  of  an  instrument  or  voice ; 
Andare  negli  -i,  to  go  very  high. 

*Acuzie./;  acidity  of  blood. 
*Adabile;  =  Abile. 

Adacquare  ;  =  Annaffiare,  to  water. 

Aff.  Adacqu-ame'nto,  -atoio,  watering-pot,  -atura. 

Adagi-are  (It.  ad-,  agio) ;  i.  to  lay 
down  gently;  -arsi,  to  make  oneself 
comfortable  ;  part,  -ato  as  adj. :  2.  in 
good  circumstances,  living  comfortably. 
3.  well  arranged,  well  furnished  (rooms). 

_  *  i.  to  put  away_  in  the  right  place,  ii.  to  provide 
with  all  necessaries,  iii.  to  furnish  comfortably. 
iv.  intr.  to  be  useful,  -arsi:  v.  to  be  slow,  D.  Inf. 
3.  in.  vi.  —  a'  consigli,  alle  opinion!,  to  accept 
advice,  opinions. 

Adagino  adv. ;  dim.  of  Adagio,  adv. 

Adagio  m.  (A)  (L.  adagium,  i.e. 
ad — agi — um,  where  the  foundation 
of  the  word  is  agi;  this  corresponds 
to  Sanskr.  dha,  Gr.  ri/ii,  whence  the 
Homeric  $,  spake,  and  the  L.  aio,  to 
speak)  ;  adage,  proverb. 

(B)  (It.  ad-,  agio)  ;  (tuns.}  slow 
movement.  As  adv.  slowly,  carefully. 
—  un  po',  or  Adagio  adagio,  or  Adagio 
biagio,  steady  a  bit,  not  so  fast.  *con- 
venience,  comfort. 

Adamant-C  ;«.  (Gr.  a5a/ia?,  a  not,  Sa/iauj  to 
subdue);  adamant  (mostly  poetical  as  in  E.).  'dia- 
mond. Ajff.  -mo. 

Adamic-o  ;  i.  of  Adam.  2.  dating 
from  all  time.  3.  Terra  -a,  alluvial 
soil. 

Adaraita  in.  ;  one  of  a  sect  of  heretics  who 
stripped  naked  to  pray. 

Adamc4t«. ;  Adam.  Quel  d'  — ,  the  weakness 
of  humanity,  D.  Purg.  9.  10, 

*  Adasperare  ;=  Inasprire,  to  sharpen,  acidify. 
*Adastare;   (A)  =  Adastiare,  to  stimulate.    (B) 
(L.  adt  stare) ',   to  loiter. 


*Adasti-are  (It.  ad-,  astio);  i.  to  envy,  hate. 
-arsi  :  ii.  as  recip.  to  be  envious  rivals,  iii.  as  refl. 
to  set  vigorously  to  work. 

Adattare  (L.  ad,  aptare,  to  fit,  from  old  L. 
apere,  to  fit,  v.  Atto,  C);  to  adapt. 

Aff.  Adatt-abile,  -abilita,  -acchiare  (to  adapt  as 
best  may  be),  -amente,  -amento,  -atamente,  -ezza. 

Adatt-o,  for  adattato  ;  adapted,  suitable,  dis- 
posed. Non  e  un  corredo  —  ,  it  is  not  a  suitable 
outfit.  Non  siamo  -i  a  sopportare  ingiurie,  we  are 
not  disposed  to  put  up  with  insults. 

*  Addanaiato;  i.  rich.  ii.  spotty  (hide),  iii. 
(herald).  Arme  —  ,  a  field  with  little  circles  on  it 
like  coins. 

Addarsi  ind.  me  n'  addo,te  n'  addai, 
se  n'  adda  ;  perf.  me  n'  addiedi,  or  n'  ad- 
detti  ;  perf.  subj.  se  me  n'  addessi  ;  fut. 
me  n'  addar6  (It.  a,  darsi,  to  give  one- 
self); to  perceive. 

*i.  to  devote  oneself,  ii.  —  al  maligno,  al  rustico, 
to  become  spiteful,  boorish. 


(It.    dazio);    to    levy   a 


Addaziare 

duty  on. 

*Addebbiare  (It.  debbio);  to  bum  wood  upon 
ground  with  the  object  of  improving  it  for  culti- 
vation. 

Addebitare  ind.  adde"bito  ;  to  debit 
(a  person)  with  something,  whether 
money  or  fig.  some  fault  in  character. 

Add4bit-o  m.  ;  imputation.  Non  ha 
-i  di  sorta,  there  are  no  imputations 
against  him  of  any  kind. 

*Addecimare  (L.  deci»ius)\  to  assess  for  tithe. 

Addemmo  ;  ist  //.  perf.  of  Addare,  Ci  —  ,  we 
observed,  D.  Purg.  21.  12. 

Addens-are  ;  to  thicken.     Aff.  -amento. 

Addent-are  zw</.add6nto  (L.  dentem, 
tooth,  for  edentem,  from  edere,  to  eat)  ; 
i.  to  seize  with  the  teeth;  II  cane  -a  i 
sassi  che  tu  gli  giri,  the  dog  is  picking 
up  the  stones  you  are  throwing  at  him  ; 
La  rota  della  macchina  1'  addento  per 
la  gonnella,  the  wheel  of  the  machine 
caught  in  her  skirt.  2.  to  injure  (a  per- 
son's reputation).  3.  (carp.)  to  make  a 
swallow-tail,  a  kind  of  dovetail.  4.  -arsi, 
of  cog-wheels  to  catch.  Aff.  -atura. 

Addentell-are  ind.  addentello  ;  (arch.)  to  leave 
the  end  of  a  wall  toothed  with  the  view  of  extending 
it  by  further  building  at  a  future  date.  Aff.  -atura. 

Addentellato  m.;  i.  toothing,  v. 
Addentellare.  For  the  distinction  be- 
tween —  and  Morsa,  v.  Morsa.  2.  fig. 
any  work  left  for  future  development  ; 
La  scienza  d'  oggi  e  un'  —  a  quella  di 
domani,  the  science  of  to-day  is  as  it 
were  a  toothed  end  of  a  wall  to  which 
an  addition  is  to  be  made  to-morrow  ; 
servire  di  —  ,  to  serve  as  a  connection 
with  what  is  to  be  added. 

Addentr-are  (Adentrare)  ind.  ad- 
d^ntro  ;  to  drive  (a  thing)  in.  -arsi,  to 
penetrate. 

Addentro  (pop.  Addrento,  Addrien- 

to)  ;  i.  adv.  quite  inside.    2.  fig.  Essere 

-  in  una  cosa,  to  have  inside  know- 

ledge of  it  ;  Voler  saper  —  ,  to  desire 

accurate  knowledge,  D.  Inf.  2.  85. 

Addestr-are  ind.  addestro  (It.  a, 
destro)  ;  I.  to  drill  or  train  (a  person)  in 
military  exercises,  public  speaking,  etc., 
or  on  the  other  hand  in  knavery  and 
fraud,  but  not  in  a  handicraft.  2.  to 
accustom  the  body  or  the  mind  to 
severe  use.  3.  to  break  in  (a  horse). 

*  i.  to  show  respect  to  a  person  by  placing  oneself 
on  his  right  hand  side,  a  custom  of  early  times,  ii.  to 


act  as  attendant  upon  a  prince  on  horseback,  or  to 
hold  the  stirrup  for  him  to  mount,  iii.  to  adorn, 
iv.  -arsi,  to  adapt  or  train  oneself,  e.g.  for  going  out 
in  the  cold.  Aff.  -abile,  -amento. 

Add^tto  (L.  addictus) ;  I.  belonging, 
attached  (to  some  corps  or  society),  or 
specially  devoted  (to  some  purpose). 

*  i.    given  up  (to  some  virtue  or  vice),      ii.    of  a 
debtor,  bound  as  a  semi-slave  to  his  creditor. 

Addl  adv. ;  i.q.  A  di.  -  quattor- 
dici  d'  agosto,  on  the  I4th  of  August. 

Addiacciare  (A) ;  =  Ghiacciare,  to 
freeze. 

(B)  (from  the  same  root  as  Giacere, 
L.  jacere} ;  to  bring  flocks  and  herds 
into  shelter  for  the  night. 

Addiaccio  (Agghiaccio)  m.  (L.  ad, 
jacfre,  to  lie  down) ;  sheep-fold. 

Addicare,  tr.  or  intr. ;  i.q.  Abdicare, 
to  abdicate. 

Aff.  Addic-ativo,  -azione. 

Addietro  (pop.  Addreto,  Addrieto) 
adv. ;  behind,  behindhand,  backwards. 
Dare  — ,  intr.  to  go  backwards,  lit.  or 
fig.  Per  1'  — ,  in  the  past. 

Addimandare;  =  Dimandare,  to  ask. 
Addimesticare;  i.y.  Addomesticare,  to  tame. 
Addimostrare  ;=Dimostrare,  to  prove. 

Addio  interj.  (It.  a  Dio);  i.  good- 
bye. 2.  La  e  — ,  haphazard.  3.  iron. 
to  a  person  whose  statements  we  do  not 
trust,  —  cosino,  tu  non  me  ne  vendi  !, 
that  will  do,  my  dear  sir !  what  you  say 
is  hardly  good  enough  for  me. 

Addipanare  ind.  addipdno;  =  Di- 
panare,  to  wind  a  ball  of  wool.  Gua' 
com'  addipana,  look  how  he  is  running 
(lit.  winding),  said  of  a  short  person 
moving  his  legs  quickly  to  keep  up 
with  a  long-legged  companion. 

Add-ire  ind.  addi'co,  perf.  addissi 
-icesti,  fut.  addiro,  part,  adddtto  (It. 
a,  dire) ;  i.  to  assign,  allot.  2.  —  ad 
un  incanto,  to  bid  at  an  auction.  As 
reft,  -irsi :  3.  to  be  becoming,  befitting, 
suitable.  4.  to  devote  oneself. 

Addiritto  or  A  diritto  adv. ;  straight 
on. 

Addirittura  or  A  dirittura  adv.; 

1.  positively,  plainly.     2.   immediately. 
3.   in  reality. 

Addirizzare  (strengthened  form  of 
Dirizzare) ;  i.  to  straighten,  of  fig.  to 
correct,  to  put  (a  person's  ideas)  straight ; 
—  le  gambe  a'  cani,  to  straighten  dogs' 
legs,  as  an  illustration  of  the  impossible. 

2.  to  set  upright,  e.g.  a  plant  that  has 
been  blown  down. 

Aff.  Addirizz-abile,  -abilita,  -amento,  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Addirizzatdio  in. ;  tail-comb  for  parting  the 
hair. 

Addirizz-atura/; ;  i.  i.q.  -amento,  the  act  of 
straightening.     2.  parting  of  the  hair. 
*  Addiscere ;  to  learn. 
*Addisiare;  to  desire. 

*Additamento  »/.  (A);  (L.  additamentunt); 
addition,  note.  (B)  (It.  additare);  reference. 

Additare  ind.  addfto ;  i.  to  point 
out  with  the  finger,  Dito.  2.  fig.  to 
show,  generally. 

Addived^re;  =  Divedere,  to  perceive. 
Addivenire;  =  Divenire,  to  become. 
Addizion-e  f.\  addition.     Aff.  -ale,  -almente. 


ADDOBBARE— ADIRACINARE 


Addobb-are  or  Adobbare  ind.  ad- 
dobbo  ;  (A)  i.  to  decorate  ;  II  tempio 
fu  magnificamente  -ato,  the  temple  was 
splendidly  decorated.  2.  to  furnish  a 
house  or  room  handsomely;  Addobba 
un  bel  salotto,  he  is  furnishing  a  beauti- 
ful drawing-room,  -arsi,  to  dress  one- 
self in  finery. 

*  i.  to  arm  (a  knight),  ii.  —  I'  arme,  of  the  knight, 
to  put  on  his  armour,  iii.  to  give  a  pleasant  ex- 
pression ;  La  bocca  dell'  ingrato  addobba  forma  e 
voce,  A  man  who  is  showing  himself  really  ungrate- 
ful will  put  on  a  pleasant  expression,  iv.  to  supply 
seasonings  and  sauces  in  cooking  meat.  v.  to  dress 
(a  person)  splendidly.  So  fig.  Che  con  tanto  lucore 
e  tanto  robbi  M'  apparvero  splendor  dentro  a'_  duo' 
raggi  Ch*  io  dissi,  O  Elios  che  si  gli  addobbi?  for 
with  such  brightness  and  so  ruddy  there  appeared  to 
me  splendours  within  two  rays  that  I  cried,  O  Sun,  is 
it  thus  that  thou  adomest  them?  D.  Par.  14.^  96. 
vi.  to  put  fine  trappings  on  a  horse,  vii.  -arsi,  to 
take  up  regular  order. 

(B) ;  to  give  the  first  bath  (Addobbo),  viz.  of 
alum  water,  to  hides  in  the  process  of  tanning. 

Etytn.  Under  (A)  the  word  belongs  to  a  root 
meaning  a  blow,  whence  the  E.  "dub"  in  the  ex- 
pression "to  dub  him  knight."  The  knight  would 
be  dressed  up  for  the  occasion  of  receiving  his  knight- 
hood, and  the  sense  of  "decorate"  would  readily  be 
transferred  to  other  occasions  and  other  kinds  of 
decoration,  cp.  Anglo-Saxon  dubbait,  Icel.  dubba,  to 
strike,  Old  Fr.  at/outer  a  chevalier.  Under  (B) 
the  meaning  suggests  a  different  origin ;  cp.  E. 
dubbing,  a  dressing  used  for  leather,  Irish  dob  a 
stream,  Welsh  divor  water. 

Aff.  Addobb-amento,  -atore. 

Add6bbo  m.  (A)  (v.  Addobbare, 
A) ;  i.  decoration.  2.  furnishing,  fur- 
niture of  decorative  character.  3.  finery 
in  dress.  *  sauce,  seasoning. 

(B)  (v.  Addobbare,  B);  i.  the  first 
dipping  of  hides  in  the  process  of  tan- 
ning. 2.  the  trough  in  which  they  are 
dipped. 

Addocciare  ind.  addoccio ;  to  form  a  groove  in 
wood  in  the  shape  of  a  gutter,  Doccia. 

Addocil-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  make  (a  child  or 
colt)  docile.  2.  to  soften  (leather). 

Addogare  (It.  doga,  stave);  (herald.)  to  bar. 

Addolcare  ;  i.  (of  the  weather)  = 
Raddolcare,  to  turn  soft  and  warm 
(dolco).  2.  =  Raddolcire,  to  soften. 

Addolc-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  sweeten. 
2.  to  soften. 

A(f.  Addolci-m6nto,  -tivo. 

Addolorare  ind.  addoloro,  to  grieve.  *  to 
cause  bodily  pain. 

Addolorata  f.  ;  =  La  Madonna  de'  dolori,  the 
Mother  of  Sorrows. 

Addomandarsi;  to  bear  the  name  of. 

Add6m-e  in.',  abdomen.     A$.  -inale. 

Etym.  L.  abdomen,  of  doubtful  origin.  The 
view  to  which  Walde  inclines  is  to  derive  it  <  ab, 
•*  dutnen,  where  dunten  is  akin  to  Gr.  Jwofitu,  to 
plunge  into,  and  so  has  the  meaning  of  concavity ; 
ab-dvmen  therefore  =  the  remote  concavity,  as  op- 
posed to  that  for  the  thoracic  viscera. 

Addomestic-are,  Addimesticare, 
or  Addomestichire  ind.  addomestico, 
etc.;  to  tame,  to  improve  land  for  cul- 
tivation, or  to  improve  a  plant  by  cul- 
tivation, -arsi  (with  double  accusative), 
to  make  oneself  familiar  with. 

Aff.  Addomestic-  (or  Addimestic-)  -abile,  -amento, 
•atore,  -atrice,  -atura,  -hevole,  -hevolezza. 
Addomestichire ;  i.q.  Addpmesticare. 
Addomiciliarsi  ;  =  Domiciliarsi,    to    be    domi- 
ciled. 

*  Addon  are  ;  — Adonare,  to  subdue. 
tAddopparsi  (It.  a,  dopo);  to  hide  behind  (a 
thing.) 

Addoppi-are  ind.  addoppio ;  to 
double,  to  use  two  together  of  anything ; 
to  increase  by  as  much  again  is  Rad- 
doppiare.  Aff.  -amdnto. 


Addoppiatoio  nt.  ;  the  implement  used  by  a 
throwster. 

Addoppiat6r-ew/.,-a./I;  silk-winder, throwster. 

Addoppi-atura  or  -o ;  the  twisting  or  "  throw- 
ing" of  silk. 

Addormentare  ind.  addormento  (Addormire)  ; 
to  put  to  sleep. 

Aff.  Addorment-abile,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atora, 
-atrice. 

Addoss-are  ;  i.  to  lay  (something) 
on  the  back  (of  another  thing)  ;  —  un' 
impresa  ad  uno,  to  entrust  the  conduct 
of  an  enterprise  to  him ;  —  la  colpa  ad 
uno,  to  lay  the  blame  upon  him  ;  fu 
addossata  la  casa  a  uno  dei  muri  dell' 
antica  chiesa,  the  house  was  built 
against  one  of  the  walls  of  the  old 
church  ;  —  le  aiuole,  to  throw  up  the 
north  side  of  flower-beds  so  as  to  make 
them  slope  to  the  south.  As  refl.  -arsi : 

2.  —  un  ufficio,  to  undertake  an  office. 

3.  of  a  closely   packed   crowd,  to   be 
forced  up  on  each  other's  backs. 

Add6sso  prep,  or  adv. ;  upon,  upon 
the  back.  Avere  — ,  to  be  burdened  with. 
Avere  il  minchione  — ,  ///.  to  have  the 
blockhead  on  one's  back,  i.e.  to  be 
stupid.  Tirarsi  — ,  to  bring  upon  one- 
self. Dare  —  a,  to  attack.  Gli  ha 
dato  —  1!  amore,  love  has  attacked  him, 
i.e.  he  has  fallen  in  love.  Stare  —  a,  to 
stand  over  (a  workman)  to  see  that  he 
works.  D'  — ,  off;  Si  leva  i  panni 
d'  — ,  he  is  taking  off  his  clothes.  Por- 
tare  — ,  to  wear.  Metterseli  tutti  — , 
to  spend  all  one's  money  on  dress. 
Avere  il  male  il  malanno  e  1'  uscio  — , 
to  have  every  kind  of  misfortune.  II 
caldo  mi  da  — ,  I  feel  the  heat  very 
much. 

Add6tto ;  part.  Addurre. 

Addottor-are ;  i.  to  confer  the 
degree  of  a  doctor.  2.  Jig.  to  teach 
(a  boy)  mischief.  3.  Essere  -ato  in 
butroque,  to  be  a  conceited  ass.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Addottrin-are ;  to  indoctrinate,  esp.  with  mis- 
chief. 

Aff.  Addottrin-Abile,  -amento,  -atamente. 

Addove ;  pop.  for  Dove,  where. 
*  Addrappellare ;  to  draw  up  (troops)  in  small 
bodies. 

Addrento  ;  pap.  for  Addentro,  within. 

Addrfcto  (Addrieto) ;  pop.  for  Addietro,  behind. 

Addrie'nto  ;  pop.  for  Addentro,  within. 

Adducibilc  ;  adducible. 

Addurre  itt't.  adducot#erf.  addussi  -duc^sti,_/«/. 
addurro,  parts,  adducente,  addotto  (L.  addvcere); 
i.  to  adduce.  2.  (poet.)  to  bring. 

Adduttore  or  Abduttbre  tti. ;  (anat.) abductor 
muscle. 

Adduzione  f. ;  (anat.)  abduction  (of  a  limb). 

Adeguame'nto  m. ;  right  relation, 
due  proportion. 

Adegu-are  ind.  addguo  (L.  ad, 
aquare,  v.  Equo) ;  i.  to  flatten,  smooth 
out.  2.  —  al  suolo,  to  level  (a  building) 
to  the  ground  ;  -arsi,  to  consider  itself 
(be  considered)  equal ;  ne  la  bellezza 
di  Venere  si  puo  —  alia  tua,  nor  can 
the  beauty  of  Venus  be  compared  with 
yours. 

Adeguatamente ;  adequately. 

Ad-empire  or  Ad-e'mpiere,  iud.  Ad- 
e'mpio  -e'mpi  -e'mpie  -empiamo  -em- 
pite  -^mpiono,  or  Adempisco  -empisci 
-empisce  -empiamo  -empite  -empis- 
cono ;  perf.  Adempii  -empisti  -empl 


-empimmo  -iste  -irono ;  fut.  Adempiro  ; 
part,  adempito  or  adempiuto  (L.  adim- 
plere,  v.  Empiere) ;  i.  to  fulfil,  carry 
out.  2.  to  grant  (a  request).  3.  Ad- 
empirsi,  of  a  prophecy,  to  be  fulfilled. 
Aff.  Adempime'nto. 

Adenlte./  (Gr.  iSyv,  gland);  (nted.)  inflamma- 
tion of  the  glands,  adenitis. 

Adenoso ;  glandular. 

Adenzi6neyT  (L.  adentptio)\  (leg.)  revocation 
(of  an  authority,  a  legacy,  etc.). 

*  Adepto  ni.  (L.,  part,  of  adipiscor,  to  obtain); 
i.   an  alchemist  who  believed  himself  to  have  dis- 
covered the  real  secret,     ii.  =  Iniziato,   one  who  is 
initiated. 

AdeCjuazi6neyC;=Pareggiamento,  comparison, 
equalisation.  *  calculation. 

*  Aderbare  ;  to  feed  (an  animal)  on  grass. 
Aderente  pres.  part.  Aderire  ;  adherent.    Also 

as  sb. 

Aderenz-a/;  i.  adherence.  2.  in 
pi.  Aver  molte  -e,  to  have  powerful 
connections,  friends  in  high  authority. 
3.  disposition,  aptitude.  4.  (mech.)  re- 
sistance (of  the  surfaces  of  two  bodies 
jn  contact  at  rest)  to  sliding  motion, 
initial  friction. 

Ad-ergersi  ind.  m'  adergo,  perf. 
m'  adersi  -ergesti  (L.  erigere) ;  to  rise. 

Aderime'nto  m. ;  adhesion. 

Ader-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  adhaerere) ; 
i.  to  adhere.  2.  —  a  una  domanda,  to 
grant  a  request. 

*  Aderpicare  ;=  Inerpicare,  to  climb. 

Adescare  (Aescare)  ind.  addsco  (L. 
esca,  bait) ;  to  entice,  lure. 

*  i.  to  give  (a  person)  an  insufficient  meal.     ii.   to 
allure  (in  good  sense),     iii.    to  put  the  priming  to  a 
gun.     iv.    to  bait  (a  hook),     v.    to  throw  out  as  a 
bait. 

Aff.  Adesc-abile,  -amento. 

Adesi6ne  _/C ;  i.  adhesion.  2.  dis- 
position, inclination.  3.  (leg.)  Voto  d' 
— ,  declaration  by  which  a  lawyer  binds 
himself  in  writing  to  a  declaration  drawn 
up  by  another. 

Adesivo  ;  i.  adhesive.  2.  Parere  —  ,  i.q.  Voto 
d'  adesione,  v.  Adesione  (3). 

Adeso  ;  attached,  stuck  on. 

Adespoto  (Gr.  A  friv.,  Je<7iroTi)s) ;  i.  without 
an  owner.  2.  (of  an  old  MS.  or  book)  anonymous. 

Adesso  (L.  ad  ipsum,  sc.  tempus) 
adv.;  i.  now.  2.  -  — ,  in  a  moment. 

*  Adiacciare ;  —  Ghiacciare,  to  freeze. 
Adiacen-te  (L.  adjacent);  adjacent.    Aff.  -za. 

Adianto  in.  (Gr.  dSiavrov,  <d  priv., 
8iaiva>,  to  wet) ;  maiden-hair  fern. 

Adib-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  adhibere)  ; 
(leg.)  to  produce  (proofs  or  witnesses). 

Adice ;  poet,  for  Adige,  a  river  of 
N.  Italy. 

Adiettivo  etc. ',  =  A^gettivo,  adjective  etc. 
Adimandare  ;  =  Dimandare,  to  ask. 

*  Adimare  (L.  ad,  linns  from  infintus)\  to  lower. 

*  Adimoranza  y^;=Dimora,  residence. 
Adinami'a  f.  (Gr.  d,  8vvafjn^,  power);  (med.) 

weakness. 

A'dip-e  m.  ( L.  adipem^  cp.  Gr. 
ofA«<£a,  ointment,  XtVor,  fat) ;  fat.  Aff* 
-osita,  -oso. 

Adipocera  f,  (L.  adefa  fat;  ccra,  wqx); 
adipocere,  a  fatty  substance  developed  by  animal 
matter  buried  in  a  damp  place  or  preserved  in  a 
liquid. 

*Adiracinare  (L.  ad,  de,  radico,  to  root);  to 
tear  up. 


i6 


ADIRARE— AFELIO 


Adir-are  (L.  ad,  ira,  anger) ;  to  make 
angry.  Prov.  La  lingua  s'  -a  coi  denti, 
the  tongue  can  be  angry  with  the  teeth, 
i.e.  the  best  friends  may  quarrel. 

Ajf.  Adir-amento.-atamente,  -aticcio  <//;«.  spreg,> 
•ato. 

Ad-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  ad^  ire,  to  go) ; 
(leg.}  i.  —  il  tribunale,  to  apply  to  the 
court.  2.  —  un'  ereditk,  to  enter  into 
possession  of  an  inheritance. 

A'dito  m.  (A)  (L.  aditus] ;  i.  access. 
2.  right  of  access.  3.  fig.  Dare  ad  un 
errore  —  libero  di  diffondersi  in  un 
popolo,  to  provide  abundant  opportunity 
for  a  popular  error  to  spread. 

(B)  (Gr.  dSt/rov);  (arch&ol.)  the  ady- 
tum of  an  ancient  temple. 

Adivenirc;  =  Divenire,  to  become. 

*  AdivenzioneyC;  contrivance. 
Adizidneyi;  ?'.  Ad  ire  (2). 

*  Adizzare  ;=  Aizzare,  to  incite. 

Adnata  f.\  (nnnt.)  the  conjunctiva  of  the  eye. 
Adnato;  i.  (anaf.)  adherent.     2.  (bot.)  adnate. 

Adocchiare,  or  pop.  Aocchiare,  ind. 
adocchio  ;  I.  to  eye  attentively,  to  watch. 

2.  to  discover  (something  searched  for 
among  many  similar  things,  e.g.  a  par- 
ticular person  in  a  crowd). 

*  i.  =  Raffigurare,  Riconoscere,  to  discover,    [i.  fig. 
to  receive  impressions  of  external  objects,     in.    tr. 
to  ogle. 

Adolesc6n-te,  -za  as  E.  (L,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Adult). 

Adombr-are    or    Aombr-are    ind. 

adombro;    I.   to  shade.     2.  to  darken. 

3.  to  shadow  forth,  adumbrate  ;  La  dove 
armonizzando  il  ciel  t'  adombra,  where 
heaven  in  its   harmony  shadows  thee 
forth,  D.  Purg.  31.  144.     4-  (paint.)  to 
shade  in.     As  refl.  -arsi  :    5.  of  horses, 
to    be    scared    (usu.    Prender   ombra). 
6.   to  become  suspicious. 

*1.  to  symbolise,  ii.  intr.  to  be  scared,  Prw,  — 
nella  biada,  to  be  scared  at  seeing  oats,  i.e.  to  be 
suspicious  of  what  should  be  agreeable  ;  —  ne1  ragna- 
teli,  to  be  frightened  at  cobwebs. 

Aff.  Adombr-abile,  -amento,  -azione. 

*  Adon-are  (Adonire,  Addonare)  (It.  a,  dono,  c/>. 
Fr.  $*adonner) ;  i.  to  subdue,    ii.  -arsi,  to  surrender ; 
Nostra  virtu  che  di  leggier  s'  adona  non  spermentar 
con  1'  antico  avversario,  let  us  not  expose  our  virtue, 
so  ready  to  surrender,  to  a  struggle  with  the  ancient 
foe.D.  Purg.  ii.  20. 

'Adonca  (Adonche);  =  Dunque,  so. 
Adoncino  ;;/.;  dim.  Adone. 
Adonew/. ;  i.  Adonis.    2.  (bot.)  pheasant's  eye, 
Adonis  autumnalis. 

*Adonestare;  i.  to  cover  up  the  fault  of.  ii.  to 
make  honest. 

Adonide  /«.;  —  rosso,  (bat.)  summer  pheasant's 

eye,  Adonis  astivalis,  also  termed  Occhio  di  pernice. 

Addnio  «. ;   an  Adonic  verse  consisting  of  a 

dactyl  and  spondee  such  as  the  fourth  verse  of  a 

sapphic  stanza,  e.g.  terruit  orbem. 

*  Adonire;^  Adonare,  to  subdue, 
*Adonqua  -e;  =  Dunque,  so. 

Adont-are  (Aontare)  (It.  ad-,  onta) ; 
ind.  ad6nto,  i.  to  reproach.  2.  -arsi, 
to  be  offended.  A  non  parlargli  de' 
suoi  scritti  se  nj  adonta,  he  is  offended 
if  you  do  not  talk  to  him  about  his 
writings. 

*i.  to  find  fault  with  unreasonably  or  to  an  un- 
reasonable degree,  ii.  intr.  to  be  ashamed.  Aff. 
-amento. 

*  Adontoso ;    i.    shameful.      ii.    prone    to    take 
offence,     iii.    prone  to  find  fault. 

Adoper-are  (Adoprare,  Addoperare, 
Addoprare,  Aoperare,  Aoprare,  Ado- 
vrare)  ind.  adopero  ;  to  employ,  -arsi, 
to  exert  oneself,  work  hard.  Prov.  Chi 


ha  piii  giudizio  e  piu  n'  adopri,  let  him 
use  most  judgment  who  has  most,  i.e. 
do  not  refuse  a  compromise  unless  you 
are  sure  of  winning  your  case,  prudence 
is  the  better  part  of  valour. 

*i.    to  work.     ii.    to  produce,  give  rise  to.     iii.   to 
take  effect,     iv.    to  be  useful,     v.    to  succeed. 
Adoperabile  or  Adoprabile;  v.  Adoperare. 
Adorare  ind.   adoro;    i.    to  adore,     z.   in  a 
technical   sense,   of  the  cardinals,    to   pay  homage 
to  the  newly  elected  Pope. 

Aff.  Ador-abile,  -abilita,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
-azione. 

*Adorbare  (L.  orbits);  i.  to  deprive,  ii.  to 
blind. 

*Adorezzare  (It.  rezzo,  shade);  to  be  well 
shaded. 

Adornare  hid.  adorno;  i,  to  adorn.  *  to  make 
suitable  provision.  —  d'  esercito  e  d'  armata  lo 
stato,  to  provide  the  state  with  a  suitable  army 
and  fleet. 

Aff.  Adorn-abile,  -amento,  -atamente. 
Adorno  (sync,  for  adornato) ;  adorned. 

*  Adotare  ;  =  Dotare,  to  endow. 

Adottare  iiui.  ad&tto  (L.  ad,  optart,  Optare 
is  vifreq.  of  ofiire,  from  ops  provision,  means;  root 
op  or  «/,  IL  Copia);  to  adopt. 

•to  re-name  as  if  by  adoption.  Appione  gram- 
matico  nel  nome  d'  Omero  da  tutte  le  citadi  fu 
adottato,  Appion  the  grammarian  was  given  the 
adoptive  name  of  Homer  by  every  city. 

Ajf.  Adott-abile,  -amento. 

Adottivo;  adoptive.     *  growing  on  a  graft. 

*  Adovare  ;  to  make  egg-shaped. 

'  Adoven-ire  or  -tare  ;=Diventare,  to  become. 
*Adovrare;  =  Adoperare,  to  employ. 
Adozidne/;;  adoption. 

Adra-cne,  -cnaor  -ene./;  i.  strawberry-tree, 
A  rbutus  andracne.  2.  the  name  is  given  by  Soderini 
to  an  herbaceous  plant,  the  Postulaca  olerncea.  used 
m  salad. 

Adragant-e,    -i  /. ;    tragacanth,   a   medicinal 
gum  exuded   by  the  Astragalus  rents,  one  of  the 
Leguminosae,  which  grows  in  Asia  Minor. 
* Adro;  =  Atro,  black. 
*Aduggere;  i.  to  dry  up.     ii.  =Aduggiarc. 

Aduggi-are  or  Auggi-are  (It.  uggia); 

1.  to  injure  (plants)  by  shutting  off  the 
light.     2.  fig.  Certe  mamme  col  con- 
tinue brontolare  aduggian  1'  anima  de' 
bambini,    some    mothers    cramp     the 
growth  of  children's  minds  by  constant 
scolding.     *to  shade,  to  screen.     Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

AdugliayC  ;  (»iar.)  Un*  —  di  cavo,  one  turn  or 
coil  of  a  cable. 

Adugliare  ;  (mar.)  to  coil  (a  cable)  into  a 
spiral. 

*Adugnare  ;=  Adunghiare,  to  seize. 

Adul-are  ind.  adulo  (L.  ad-itlari,  to  flatter, 
orig.  of  dogs  to  fawn  upon,  viz.  by  wagging  the  tail. 
Akin  to  Sanskr.  valas,  hair  of  the  tail;  Zend.  varat 
tail ;  Lith.  valai,  hair  of  a  horse's  tail);  to  flatter, 
-arsi,  to  be  conceited. 

Aff.  Adul-abile,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atona- 
mente",  -atorio,  -azionaccia  pcgg.,  -azioncella  dim., 
-azione. 

Adulter-are  (Adolterare,  Avolterare) /«</.  adiil- 
tero ;  to  adulterate.  *  to  commit  adultery  or  tr.  to 
commit  adultery  with,  to  dishonour. 

AJf.  Adulter-abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atcjra, 
-atrice,  -azione. 

Adulterine  (*  Avolterino) ;  i.  born  in  adultery. 

2.  false  (key,  money,  etc.).    *i.  adulterous,    ii.  adul- 
terated. 

Adulterio  (Adolterio,  Avolteno,  Adultero, 
Avultero,  Avoltero)  »t. ;  adultery.  *i.  unchastity. 
ii.  sodomy,  iii.  rape.  iv.  contamination  of  sacred 
things. 

Adultero  (L.  ad,  ulter  v.  Oltre,  lit.  therefore 
proceeding  elsewhere)  adj.  or  sb.  ;  adulterous. 
"i.  cuckold,  ii.  bastard,  iii.  incestuous,  iv.  false 
(news). 

Adulto  (L.  adulttts  from  adolescere)\  adult,  of 
full  age.  Essere  —  in  un'  arte,  to  be  master  of  an 
art. 

"  Adumiliare;  i.  to  humiliate,     ii.  to  appease. 

Adun-are ;  to  collect,  unite.  Aff. 
-abile,  -amento ;  -anza,  assemblage ; 
-atore. 

Aduncare  (L.  uncus,  v.  Uncino) ; 
to  bend  into  a  hook. 

*Adun-chc   -qua, -que;=Dunque,  so. 


Adunco  ;  hooked. 
rijs,  crafty. 


*  fur  the  Homeric 


Adunghiare  (Adugnare,  Augnare); 
to  seize  greedily  as  a  cat  with  its  claws. 

*  Adustione   /.  ;    i.     scorching.      ii.     burning. 
iii.  («w<£)  cauterization,    iv.  =  RibolHmento,  a  heated 
state  of  the  blood,     v.    combustibility. 

Adust-o  (L.  ustus,  part,  of  nrere,  to  burn); 
j.  scorched.  2.  dried  up.  3.  pers.  thin.  *i.  stagi- 
one  -a,  the  hot  season,  ii.  uomo  -o,  inhabitant  of 
the  tropics. 

*  Aerat-o  ;    carbonate.      Calce  -a,    carbonate    of 
lime  ;  carbonic  acid  gas  having  formerly  been  called 
Acido  aereo 

A'ere  ///.  or  f.  (L.  aer,  v.  Aria); 
(poet.)  i.  the  air.  2.  All'  —  chiaro,  by 
day-time.  3.  —  nero,  cieco  or  spento, 
evening,  or  night-time.  4.  —  torbo,  the 
world  of  earth  as  opposed  to  heaven. 
5.  —  cieco,  the  infernal  regions,  world 
of  night.  6.  disposition,  temper. 

Aeream^nto  ///.  ;  aeration. 

Aer-em6to  or  -im6to  m.\  whirlwind,  tornado. 

Aereo  (Aerio);  i.  airy.  2.  filled  with  air. 
3.  resembling  air.  4.  aerial  (perspective).  5.  (pact.) 
lofty  (hill),  *  Acido  —  ,  carbonic  acid. 

Aeredlito,  Aerdlito  or  Arediito  M.  (Gr.  iijp, 
air;  Ai'0o«,  stone);  aerolite,  stone  fallen  from  the  sky. 

Aereonauta  or  Aeronauta  m.  (Gr.  onjp,  air; 
wuiTTjs,  sailor)  ;  aeronaut,  balloonist. 

Aereonautica  or  Aeronautica  f.  ;  science  of 
ballooning  or  flying. 

Aereoplano  tn,  (Gr.  a>jp-t-Fr.  planer,  to  hover 
<.plant  smooth  i<.  Piano);  as  E. 

Aereostatica  or  Areostatica  f.  (G.  i^p,  air; 
(TTariKos,  causing  to  stand);  aerostatics,  science  of 
the  equilibrium  of  gases. 

Aere6stato  or  Aredstato  m.\  air  balloon. 

»',air;y(7rw(t,  form);  aeriform, 


£,ISC(IUS, 

Aerimetria  f.\  i.q.  Aerometria. 
*Aerino;  airy.     Colore  — ,  sky  Mite. 

Aerocisti  m.  pi.  (Gr.  ajjp,  air;  JCVOTIS,  bladder 
<KWW,  to  swell);  air  cysts  in  leaves. 

Aerodinamica/;  (Gr.);  aerodynamics,  science 
of  the  movement  of  gases. 

AerofobiayC  (Gr.);  dread  of  fresh  air. 

Aerom&le  m.  (L.  aer,  air ;  mel, 
honey) ;  honey-dew,  manna,  a  sweet 
exudation  on  the  leaves  of  certain 
plants. 

Aerometria  or  Aerimetria  f.  (Gr.);  science 
of  air  measurement. 

Aerbmetro  or  Areometro  (Gr.);  instrument 
for  measuring  the  specific  gravity  of  gases. 

Aeropdsta  in.  (a  hybrid  word,  L.  atr+  Ital. 
posta);  pneumatic  post  (for  letters). 

Aeroscdpico  m.  (Gr.  aijp,  air ;  cncon-os,  watcher); 
aeroscope,  instrument  for  observing  any  condition  of 
the  air. 

Aer6so ;  i.a.  Arioso,  airy. 

Aeroterapia/  (Gr.  o^p,  air;   0«paim'«,  treat- 
ment);  healing  by  air,  air-cure. 
*  Aescare;  — Adescare,  to  lure. 

Aettte  /  (Gr.  aero?,  eagle);  i.q.  Etile,  eagle 
stone. 

Aetusa  or  Etusa  /;  (bot.)  fool's  parsley, 
Aethttsa. 

Afa./  ;  (Etym.  unkn.)  i.  sultriness  ; 
Mi  fate  — ,  you  are  smothering  me,  i.e. 
boring  me  with  silly  remarks.  2.  Aver- 
sion esp.  for  eating;  Certi  cibi  troppo 
spesso  usati  fanno  — ,  some  foods  if 
taken  too  often  become  nauseous. 

A'faca  (Aface,  Afaga)/  ;  (hot.)  yellow  vetch- 
ling,  Lathyrits  apkaca. 

Afacciay^;  pegg.  Afa. 

A'face,  A'faga/;  i.q.  Afaca. 

A'faney^;  (bot.)Alckemillaaphanfst  one  of  the 
lady's  mantle  genus  of  Rosaceae. 

Afanite,/;  aphanite,  a  compact  dark-coloured 
stone  used  as  a  touch-stone. 

Afasia  f.  (Gr.);  aphasia,  using  wrong  words 
from  brain  disease. 

Afato;  i.  of  fruit,  withered  by  ex- 
cessive heat,  v.  Afa.  2.  pers.  puny, 

wretched-looking. 

Aff,  Afat-iccio  dint.,  -uccio  dim.  sfregg.,  sickly. 
Aftlio  in.  (Gr.);  aphelion,  the  point  in  a  plane- 
tary orbit  most  remote  from  the  sun. 


AFERESI— AFFIATARE 


Afcresi  f.  (Gr.);  aphaeresis,  clipping  the  be- 
ginning of  a  word,  e.g.  Sandro  for  Alessandro. 

Afesi  /.  (Gr.);    (mcti.)  the  going  away  of  an 

Affabil-e(L.,<<K/,/ar<,  v.  Fato);  as  E.  Ajff. 
-ita,  -mente. 

*  Affabulaz-io  or  -ioneyC;  moral  <>'":i  fable. 

Affaccend-arsi  ind.  m'  ai'faccdndo 
(It.  faccenda) ;  to  busy  oneself.  Aff. 
-amento,  -ucchiarsi  spreg. 

Affaccettare;  =  Sfaccettare,  to  cut  (a  diamond). 

Affacchin-arsi  ind.  m'  affacchi'no  ; 
to  work  hard,  lit.  like  a  porter,  Facchino. 

*  -are  :  i.  to  work  (a  man)  hard.    ii.    intr.  =  -arsi. 

*  Affacciamento    ;«. ;  =  Sfacciataggine,    impu- 
dence or  importunity. 

Affacci-are;  i.  to  show  (a .child)  at 
the  window.  2.  —  una  difficolth,  to 
bring  forward  a  difficulty ;  —  un'  ipotesi, 
to  present  an  hypothesis.  As  refl.  -arsi : 
3.  to  present  oneself.  4.  of  trees  in 
an  avenue,  to  be  opposite  each  other. 
5.  to  learn  a  little  of ;  Ti  sei  mai  -ato  a 
una  storia  d'  Italia,  did  you  ever  address 
yourself  to  a  history  of  Italy?  6.  -arsi 
a  un  incanto,  to  bid  at  an  auction ;  -arsi 
a  un  impiego,  to  try  for  an  appoint- 
ment. 7.  of  a  disease,  to  declare  itself. 

*  i.   -arsi  in  uno,  to  meet  him.     ii.  =  Sfaccettare,  to 
work  (a  hard  stone)  till  it  has  smooth  faces,    iii.  = 
Offrirsi,  to  offer  to  do  some  piece  of  work.     iv.    to 
meet,  i.e.  to  fight,     v.   to  fling  in  the  face  of,  re- 
proach with. 

A'ffaga/;  =  Afaca,  vetchling. 

*  Affagianare ;  to  cook  like  a  pheasant. 

Affagottare  ;  to  make  into  a  loose 
bundle. 

Affagottato ;  clumsily  dressed. 

*Affaitarsi;  i.   to  adorn  oneself,     ii.  to  model 
oneself. 

Affaldare  (It.  falda) ;  to  fold  (cloth) 
into  pleats. 

Affaldellare ;  =  Sfaldellare,  to  separate  spun  silk 
into  strands,  v.  Faldella. 

Affair-are  ind.  affamo  ;  i.  to  reduce 
(a  besieged  town)  to  hunger.  2.  intr. 
to  hunger.  Aff.  -at6re. 

Affamat-o ;  famished.  Aff.  -ello, 
dim.  iron. 

*  Affangare ;  to  fill  or  cover  with  mud. 

Affann-are  ;  i.  to  distress,  to  cause 
suffering  to.  2.  -arsi,  to  exert  oneself 
to  the  point  of  distress,  to  take  much 
trouble.  3.  to  disquiet  oneself.  4.  -arsi 
dietro  a,  to  labour  hard  for.  5.  Part. 
-ato,  with  difficulty  in  breathing.  Aff. 
-atamdnte. 

Affanno  m.  (Etym.  unkn.  The  word 
occurs  with  the  same  sense  of  great 
exertion  in  Provenc,.,  Catalan,  old  Span., 
and  under  the  form  of  Allan  in  old  Fr, 
v.  Littrd,  sub  Ahan.  The  Genevan 
affaner  means  to  gain  with  difficulty. 
Old  Fr.  a/ma  also  means  cultivation 
and  ahaner  often  means  to  cultivate 
the  ground.  There  is  however  nothing 
to  show  from  what  source  the  group 
springs);  i.  heavy  breathing.  2.  severe 
exertion.  3.  exhaustion.  4.  suffering, 
sorrow.  5.  (tned.)  difficulty  in  breath- 
ing. 6.  Darsi  orPrendersi  —  di  qualche 
cosa,  to  trouble  oneself  about  it ;  far 
venir  1'  — ,  to  bore  (a  person)  to  death. 
*i.  discomfort,  ii.  (mar.)  excessive 
load.  iii.  —  di  mente,  scruple. 
H. 


Affannon-e  ;«.,  -a/ ;  one  who  fusses 
much  about  things. 

Affann6s-o ;  troubled  (breathing), 
oppressive  (heat),  wearisome  (task). 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

Affantocciare  ind.  affantoccio  (It. 
fantoccio) ;  to  tie  up  the  outer  branches 
of  a  plant  so  that  it  becomes  like  a  doll. 

Affaraccio  m.\  pegg.  Affare. 

Affardellare  ind.  afifardello  ;  to  tie 
up  into  a  bundle,  or  intr.  to  pack  up. 

Affare  m.  (It.  a,  fare,  cf>.  E.  to-do);  affair, 
business.  *  i.  importance,  wealth,  ii.  Uomo  di 
mal  — ,  man  of  bad  character. 

Aff.  Affar-etto  dim.,  -ettucciaccio  dim.  pegg., 
-ino  dim.,  -one  augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -ucciaccio 
dim.  pcgg. ,  -ucolo  dim. 

Affario  in. ;  a  lot  of  business  going  on  all  at 
once,  a  great  bustle. 

Affar-ista  m. ;  sham  man  of  business.  Aff. 
•ismo. 

Affarsi;  =  Confarsi,  to  be  suitable. 

*  Affasciare  ;  to  tie  up. 

Affascinare  ;  (A)  ind.  affasci'no ;  to 
make  (brushwood)  up  into  faggots, 
Fascine. 

(B) ;  ind.  affascino  (L.  fascini/in, 
charm,  cp.  Gr.  /Sao-xaiVo),  to  fascinate, 
throw  a  charm  upon,  root  bha,  whence 
/3dfo),  $11*1,  etc.) ;  to  fascinate. 

Aff.  Affascin-amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Affastell-are  ind.  affastello  (It.  fa- 
stello) ;  i.  properly  to  tie  up  (hay  or 
straw)  into  trusses.  2.  to  tie  anything 
up  into  a  parcel,  or  fig.  to  bring  up  a 
parcel  of  arguments,  notes,  etc.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Affastellfo  m. ;  heap  of  ill-digested 
knowledge  or  ill-arranged  arguments. 

*  Affastidire  ;=  Infastidire,  to  vex. 

*  Affatappiare  ;  to  bewitch,  v.  Fatappio. 
*Affatare;   i.   i.q.    AfTaitare,   to  adorn,     ii.    tft 

bewitch. 

Affaticanature  m. ;  spreg.  physician. 
Affatic-are,  ind.  affatfco ;  to  fatigue. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Affaticatdre  m. ;  strenuous  worker. 
AffaticheVole  ;  apt  for  hard  work. 

*  Affaticoso  ;  =  Faticoso,  tiring. 

Affatto  (L.  ad,  factum)  ;  l.  quite. 
2.  sometimes  elliptically  for  Niente  — , 
not  at  all,  like  the  Fr.  dit  tout  for  point 
du  tout. 

•Affattucchiare   (It.    fattucchiera,   witch);   to 
bewitch. 

*  Affatturare ;    i.    to   bewitch,     ii.    to  delude, 
iii.    to  adulterate,  doctor  (wine). 

*  Affazzonare(It.  fazzone);  =  Abbellire,  toadorn. 

Affe  (It.  fe,  faith);  --  di  Bacco, 
—  dell'  occa,  Afifeddiddio,  Affeddedieci, 
etc.,  my  word  ! 

*  Affegatarsi;  =  Accorarsi,  to  grieve. 
*Afferante;  contributing. 

*  Afferato  ;  =  Efferato,  cruel. 

Afferm-are  ind.  affermo;  i.  to  affirm.     2.    to 

confirm  by  speech  or  sign.     Aff.  -abile,  -atamlnte, 

-ativa  sb. ,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*Afferrante  m.  (old  Fr.  an/errant)',  war-horse. 

Afferr-are  ind.  afferro  (It.  ferri,  tools, 
so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is  to  seize 
with  tools) ;  to  grasp.  *i.  to  approach 
(of  a  ship),  ii.  to  take  (a  road),  iii.  to 
take  root.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Affetare  ;  =  Affaitare,  to  adorn. 

Affett-are  (A)  ind.  affetto  (It.  affetto, 
affectation);  to  affect. 


(B)  ind.  affdtto  (It.  fdtta,  slice) ;  i.  to 
slice  up.  2.  to  fold  woollen  things  into 
plaits.  3.  —  un  braccio,  to  slice  it  off. 
4.  to  cut  up  (old  clothes).  5.  --  le 
ricotte,  lit.  to  cut  up  the  curds,  to  do 
routine  work,  every-day  work.  6.  -arsi 
un  dito,  to  cut  a  finger  badly. 

Affettatamdnte ;  affectedly. 

Affettato;  (A)  (It.  affettare,  A); 
i.  m.  affectation.  2.  as  adj.  affected. 

(B)  (It.  affettare,  B)  m. ;  slices  of 
ham,  sausage,  etc. 

Affett-at6re  >«.,  -atrice/;  i.  from 
-are  (A),  an  affected  person.  2.  from 
-are  (B,  2),  worker  who  folds  woollen 
goods  into  plaits. 

Affett-atura/ ;  vbsb.  of  -are  (B). 

Affettazi6n-e  /.  (L.  affectatio);  as  E.  Aff. 
•cella  dim. 

Affettivo;  i.  impressive.  2.  re- 
ferring to  the  affections. 

Aflett-o  (A)  m.  (L.  affectus,  sb.) ; 
i.  affection  of  the  mind  or  heart,  love, 
feeling  (in  a  picture)  ;  Mozione  degli 
-i,  in  an  oration,  that  portion  where  the 
orator  seeks  to  move  the  affections  of 
his  hearers  ;  da  quello  odiare  ogni  —  e 
deciso,  no  emotion  of  hate  is  possible 
towards  him  (the  First  Cause),  //'/.  every 
emotion  (in  the  creature)  is  cut  off  from 
hate  of  him  (the  Creator),  D.  Purg. 
17.  in.  2.  (ined.)  i.q.  Affezione,  affec- 
tion, morbid  state. 

*i.  (gram.)  case.  ii.  the  word  is  variously  used 
by  old  musical  writers  to  express  different  kinds  of 
emotional  passage,  feeling,  or  style  of  playing, 
iii.  (iiiath.')  property. 

(B)  As  adj.  (<L.  affectus,  part,  of 
afficere) ;  i.  affected,  seized  (by  an  ill- 
ness).    2.  burdened  (with  debts);  Casa 
-a  da  ipoteca,  house  encumbered  with 
a  mortgage.     3.  (math.)  Una  quantita 
-a  da  un  esponente,  a  quantity  raised 
to  a  power  expressed  by  an  exponent. 
4.  Bene,  Male  —  di  uno,  well  or  badly 
affected  towards  him. 

(C)  sync. part,  of  Affettare  (B),  folded 
into  plaits. 

Affettu-are;  *i.  to  influence.  tii.=Effettu- 
are.  *-arsi,  to  be  disposed  to  mutual  affection. 

Affettu6s-o;  affectionate.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita 

Affezion-are  ind.  affeziono;  to  inspire  affection 
-arsi  a,  to  feel  affection  for.  -arsi,  to  win  the  affec 
tion  of. 

Aft.  Affezion-abile(impressible),  -abilita,-amento 

Anezionat-o  ;  i.  affectionate.  —  a,  fond  of. 
Also  used  as  sb.  E  un  vostro  — ,  he  is  a  friend  of 
yours.  2.  —  al  principe  piu  che  mai  dalla  recente 
sventura,  more  than  ever  attached  to  the  prince  by 
the  recent  misfortune.  *  i.  regarded  with  affection, 
ii.  —  d'  ardente  desiderio,  affected  by  an  ardent 
desire,  iii.  suffering  from  mental  affection,  deranged. 
Aff.  -amente. 

Affezioncellayl;  dim.  Affezione. 

Affezidney?;  i.  affection,  love.  2.  (/««/.)  dis- 
order, illness.  3.  (math.)  property.  4.  {grant.) 
inflection. 

*  Affiaccare  ;  =  Fiaccare,  to  damnge. 
•Affiammatay:;  a  kind  of  red  cloth. 

Affiat-are  (It.  fiato,  breath) ;  to  train 
so  as  to  work  together,  -arsi,  to  begin 
to  be  friends.  Non  solo  non  sono  amico 
di  quella  persona  ma  non  mi  ci  sono 
neanche  affiatato  mai,  so  far  from  my 
being  a  friend  of  that  person  there  has 
never  been  so  much  as  the  beginning 


i8 


AFFIATO— AFFONDATOIO 


of  sympathy  between  us.  So  of  a  com- 
pany of  actors  or  chorus  of  singers,  to 
begin  to  go  well  together.  And  of 
animals,  II  cane  si  affiata  subito  con 
1'  uomo,  a  dog  very  soon  feels  at  home 
with  a  man. 

•Affiato  (It.  fio,  fee);  i.  enfeoffed,  granted  in 
fee.  ii.  rented,  iii.  the  person  who  purchased  an 
enfeoffment.  iv.  vassal,  v.  tenant,  vi.  feudatory. 

Affibbi-are  (It.  fibbia  <  L.  fibula)  ; 
i.  to  buckle.  2.  fig.  to  give  a  kick  or 
other  contemptuous  or  spiteful  blow  or 
insulting  epithet.  3.  to  palm  off  a 
worthless  article  on  a  purchaser. 

*i.  =  Accennare,  to  point  out.  As  reft,  -arsi: 
ii.  —  la  giornea,  to  put  on  a  severs  look.  iii.  —  le 
scarpette,  to  run  away,  escape,  iv.  Per  chi  e  se  1' 
affibbi,  let  him  whom  (the  cap)  fits  put  it  on. 

Affibbi-atura  / ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  set 
of  clasps  or  buckles  on  a  dress.  3.  the 
part  of  the  dress  along  which  the  clasps 
are  placed.  4.  clasp  of  a  book. 

*  Afficcare ;  —  Ficcare,  to  poke. 

Affid-are;  i.  to  confide.  2.  to  com- 
mit (to  memory).  3.  to  assure.  4.  -arsi 
a,  to  trust.  *-arsi,  to  take  courage. 

*Affiebolare,  -ire;  to  become  enfeebled. 

Affien-are  ;  to  feed  on  hay.  Aff. 
-ata  or  -atura. 

Affievol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  weaken. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Afffgg-ere  ind.  affigo,  perf.  affissi, 
affigge'sti,  part,  affisso  (L.,  <ad,  figere, 
v.  Figgere);  i.  to  affix,  post  up  in  pub- 
lic places.  2.  --  gli  occhi,  =  Fissare, 
to  gaze  at.  As  refi.  -ersi  :  3.  to  gaze 
fixedly  at.  4.  to  give  close  attention  to. 

*i.  to  nail  up,  fix.  ii.  fair,  to  adhere,  iii.  =  Im- 
pressionare,  to  impress,  give  form  to.  iv.  -erst,  to 
stop,  stand  still. 

Affigur-are ;  =  Raffigurare,  to  repre- 
sent, produce  an  image  of.  Aff.  -ata- 
m^nte. 

Affilarato  m. ;  a  field  with  vines 
set  in  rows. 

Affil-are  (A)  (It.  filo,  edge);  i.  to 
sharpen.  2.  to  give  a  smooth  face 
before  stamping  a  coin  in  the  mint. 
3.  -arsi,  of  the  face,  to  be  peaky,  look 
ill-nourished.  4.  Naso  -ato,  a  well-cut 
nose.  5.  Lingua  -ata,  a  sharp,  bitter 
tongue.  *to  incite,  urge  on. 

(B)  (It.  fila,  file  of  troops);  to  draw 
up  troops  in  files.  *to  take  up  places 
in  file. 

Aff.  Afnl-amento,  -ata  vbsbs.,  -atino,  sharp,  thin 
(face),  -atura. 

Affilett-are  ind.  affile'tto ;  i.  to  point 
a  wall  with  the  point  and  edge  of  the 
trowel.  2.  to  make  netting  for  catching 
birds.  Aff.  -atura. 

Affili-are  (Affigliare);  to  affiliate  to  some  society, 
«jw.  a  secret  one.  Aff.  -azione. 

Affin-are  ;  i.  =  Raffinare,  to  refine 
(metals).  2.  to  refine  (one's  language). 
3.  to  sharpen  (the  intelligence,  sight  or 
hearing).  4.  to  work  ground  down  to  a 
fine  tilth,  break  it  up  small.  *to  finish. 

Aff.  Affin-amento,  -atoio  refining-vessel,  -atore, 
-atura. 

Affinche ;  in  order  that. 
Affine  di ;  for  the  purpose  of. 


Affin-e   (L. <ad,  finis,  boundary); 

1.  related  by  blood  or  marriage.     2.  fig. 
allied.     Aff.  -itk. 

*Affin-ire;  to  refine,  to  perfect ;  -irsi,  to  languish. 

*  Affiocare ;  — Affiochire. 

*  Affioccarsi;  to  be  crowded. 

Affioch-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  fioco) ;  I.  to 
make  hoarse,  to  weaken  (the  voice). 

2.  -irsi,  to  burn  dim.     Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Affione  nt.  (Arabic  word)  ;  (fiharm?)  a  prepara- 
tion of  opium,  storax  and  saffron. 

Affioram^nto  m. ;  out-crop  of  a 
geological  stratum. 

Affiorato;  I.  flowered, having  flowers 
worked  on  it.  2.  of  bread,  made  of  the 
finest  flour. 

*  Affissamento  w. ;  i.  fixing,    ii.  gazing,  staring 
rudely,      iii.    looking,      iv.    concentrated   attention, 
v.  =  Fissazione,  fixed  idea. 

Affissare  (It.  affisso, part,  of  Affigg- 
ere);  i.  to  gaze  fixedly.  2.  fig.  to  fix 
the  mind  upon. 

Affissi6ne/^ ;  bill-posting  (on  walls, 
etc.). 

*i.  fixing  (a  mural  tablet,  etc.).  ii.  =  Fissazione, 
concentration  of  mind. 

Affisso;  i.  part.  Affiggere.  As  sb.: 
2.  placard,  poster.  3.  (gram.')  affix, 
such  as  mi,  ti,  si ;  enclitic. 

*i.  trade  description  of  a  Florentine  citizen  ac- 
cording to  the  craft  in  which  he  was  enrolled,  e.g. 
Linaiolo,  flax-dresser ;  Vinattiere,  vintner,  ii.  epithet, 
iii.  (of  furniture)  fixture,  iv.  surname  or  title, 
v.  adj.  attentive. 

Affittacamere  m.  indecl.;  agent  for 
furnished  apartments. 

Affittaiu61o  in. ;  =  Fittaiuolo,  tenant. 

*  Affittale  tn. ;  lease,  or  as  adj.  leased. 

*  Affittamente  (It.  fitto,  close);  anxiously. 

Affittare  (A)  (It.  fitto,  lease) ;  to 
let,  or  by  ext.  to  hire  (a  house,  or  land). 
*to  farm  out  (tolls). 

*(B)(It.  fitto,  close);  to  nail  up. 
Ajj,  AffUt-abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atora. 

Affitter&llo  m. ;  dim.  Affitto  (2). 

Affitt-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  fitto,  close) ; 
to  thicken,  to  increase  the  number  of 
in  a  given  space. 

Affitto  ;//. ;  i.  lease.  2.  rent  pay- 
able under  a  lease  of  land;  that  for  a 
house  is  Pigione,  and  for  horse  hire 
Fitto. 

*i.  payment  to  a  club  doctor.  As  adj. : 
ii.  =  Fitto,  thick,  iii.  =  Affisso,  nailed  up. 

Affittuari-0  m.,  -a/  ;  tenant. 

*  Afflare  ;  =  Soffiare,  to  breathe  out. 

*Afflato  tn.  (L.);  i.  breath,  ii.  sacred  inspira- 
tion, iii.  as  adj.  inspired. 

Afflfggere  (Affligere,  Affriggere)  ind. 
affliggo  -gi,  perf.  afflissi  -fligge'sti,  part. 
afflitto ;  to  afflict. 

Etym.  l_j.<ad,Jligere,  to  dash;  akin  to  Gothic 
bliggwan,  O.H.G.  bliwwati,  to  strike,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Blow. 

Afflittivo,  distressing.  Pena  -a, 
penalty  not  consisting  in  a  fine,  per- 
sonal punishment. 

Afflizi6n-e./,  -cella  dim.;  affliction. 

Afflosc-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  floscio) ;  to 
become  weak,  lose  strength. 

Afflu&nte ;  as  E. 

Affluenza/.;  i.  concourse  of  waters; 
le  acque  marine  non  perdono  il  lor 


sapore  amaro  per  1"  —  dei  fiumi,  sea 
water  does  not  lose  its  bitterness  for 
the  rivers  that  join  it.  2.  congestion, 
determination  of  blood  to  the  head,  etc. 
3.  Abundance  of  commodities  brought 
to  a  market.  4.  Concourse  of  people ; 
A  Firenze  dura  sempre  1'  —  de  forestieri, 
the  influx  of  foreigners  to  Florence  never 
ceases. 

Afflu-ire  ind.  -isco ;   to  flow  in,  v. 

Affluenza. 

Afflussionato ;  with  a  cold  in  the 
head. 

AfflUBSO  m. ;  afflux  (of  blood  to  the 
head,  etc.). 

*  Aff  ocaggine  f. ;  —  Affogaggine. 

Affoc-are  iiut.  afToco  or  affuoco;—  Infocare,  to 
heat  in  a  fire,  -arsi,  fig.  to  get  angry. 

*  i.    to  burn.     ii.    to  set  on  fire.     iii.    to  scorch  or 
dazzle  the  eyes.     iv.  =  Affogare.     v.  fig.    to  inflame 
(the   mind).     Part,   -ato :    vi.    heated   by   running, 
vii.    purified  by  fire.     viii.    enraged. 

*  Affogaggine  (Affocaggine,  Affocagione)/;;  v. 
Affogare. 

Aff6gagliu6mini  m. ;  scherz.  marriage  broker. 
Affogapadre  »/.  ;   {bot.)  water  ox-eye,   fiu/ik- 
thaltman  aqnaticmn. 

Aff6gapers6ne  ;//. ;  scherz,  marriage  broker. 

Affog-are  ind.  affogo  (L.  fauces, 
through  a  form  **  affocare)  ;  i.  to 
smother.  2.  to  drown,  or  be  drowned. 

3.  --la  terra,  to  lose  sight  of  land. 

4.  to  marry  (a  daughter)  badly.    Provs. 
—  in  un  bicchier  d'  acqua,  to  be  deterred 
by  a  trifle ;  —  il  mugnaio,  to  drown  the 
miller,  i.e.  to  put  more  water  than  flour 
in  the  pudding ;  O  here  o  affogare,  to 
have  the  choice  of  drinking  or  drowning, 
i.e.  to  be  in  a  difficult  position  ;    Non 
1"  ha  affogato  la  balia,  his  nurse  did  not 
drown  him,  of  one  who  has  lived  to  a 
great  age  (usu.  Non  e  cascato  di  colla 
alia  balia).     Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Affogatoio  in. ;  stiflingly  hot  place. 

Affogliare  ind.  affbglio ;  to  make  a 
bed  for  (cattle). 

Affoll-are  ind.  affollo  ;  I.  to  crowd 
round  (a  person).  2.  fig.  to  wear  (a 
person)  out.  3.  -arsi,  to  eat  greedily. 

*i.    to  blow,   with  the  bellows,     ii.    —  il  casso, 
(the   chest),   to   breathe  quickly  and   hard.     iii.    to 
trample  upon,  to  oppress. 
Aff.  -atamente. 

•Affolt-are  (It.  folto).  i.  to  squeeze  together, 
ii.  Jig.  to  oppress,  to  damage,  iii.  to  overcome 
(with  emotion).  L'  uccello  la  cui  bellezza  m'  -a,  the 
bird  whose  beauty  overcomes  me.  As  rejl.  -arsi ; 
iv.  to  rush  on  in  a  body  (against  the  enemy),  v.  to 
eat  or  do  anything  in  furious  haste,  esf.  to  speak  so 
fast  as  to  be  unable  to  articulate  the  words. 

Affond-are  ind.  affondo  (It.  fondo); 
I.  to  sink,  send  to  the  bottom.  2.  to 
deepen  (a  ditch).  3.  -  -  una  pianta, 
1"  aratro,  to  plant  a  flower  deeper  in  the 
ground,  set  a  plough  to  plough  deeper. 
4.  (sculpt.)  —  i  muscoli,  to  bring  out 
the  muscles.  5.  -arsi,  to  sink,  e.g.  when 
walking  in  soft  ground  or  in  snow,  or 
of  a  ship,  to  go  to  the  bottom. 

*  i.  to  oppress,  ii.  to  ruin.  iii.  to  form  founda- 
tions, iv.  -arsi,  to  stop  short  in  the  middle  of  a 
sentence,  v.  Prov.  Quando  il  grano  abbonda  il 
pesce  affonda,  when  corn  is  plentiful  fish  is  down 
(in  price). 

Aff.  Affond-amento,  -atore,  Bastimento  -atore 
ship  for  ramming,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Affondatoio  tn. ;  (mar.)  slipper  for  slipping  an 
anchor  by  letting  go  both  stoppers  together. 


AFFONDERE— AGGANCIARE 


Affdndere  per/,  affusi  -fondesti,/<ar/. 
affuso  ;  (c/iem.)  to  pour  over. 

*Affondo;  i.  deep.  ii.  adv.,  i.q.  a  fondo. 
iii.  sit.  complete  ruin,  bankruptcy. 

*Afforc-are;  i.  to  hang.  ii.  (mar.)  -arsi,  to 
moor  by  two  anchors. 

Afforestier-are ;  =  I  nforestierare,  to 
give  a  foreign  appearance  to.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

*  Affornellare ;  to  fix  the  oars  of  a  galley  so  as 
not  to  touch  the  water  while  the  ship  is  under  sail. 

Affortunato;  fop.  for  Fortunate. 
*Afforz-are;  i.  to  provide  with  troops,     ii.  fig. 
to  encourage,     iii.    to  fortify.     As  reft,  -arsi:  iv.  to 
exert  oneself,     v.  to  persist. 

*  Afforzo  »/. ;  i.  power,     ii.  effort. 

Affoss-are  ind.  afifosso  (It.  fossa) ; 
i.  to  trench,  in  agriculture  or  in  military 
works.  2.  of  a  waggon,  to  make  deep 
ruts  in  (a  road).  3.  in  illness,  to  make 
hollows  in  (the  face).  4.  -ato,  sunken, 
hollow  ;  Pavimento  -ato,  floor  that  has 
sunk  in  the  middle.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Affranc-are  (It.  franco) ;  i.  to  libe- 
rate, enfranchise  (a  slave).  2.  to  free 
(a  property)  from  a  charge,  esp.  a  ground 
rent.  3.  to  frank  (a  letter).  4.  -arsi, 
to  free  oneself  from  some  passion  or 
vice. 

*  -are  =  Sfranchire,  to  render  (a  pupil)  free  and 
quick  in  his  work,  7'.  Franco. 

Aff.  Affranc-abiie,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-atura.  -azione,  execution  of  a  legal  deed  of  en- 
franchisement. 

Affrangere  (Affragnere)  ind.  af- 
frango,  perf.  affransi  -frangdsti,  part. 
affranto  ;  to  break,  esp.  fig.  to  break 
the  spirit  of. 

Affranto  ;  i.  part.  Affrangere, 
broken  down.  2.  adj.  impotent,  help- 
less. 

*Affrappare;  i.=Trinciare,  to  tear  to  pieces, 
ii.  =  Frappare,  to  slash,  q.T. 

Affratellamento  HI.  ;  development  of  brotherly 
feeling. 

*i.    brotherhood,     ii.    impertinent  familiarity. 
Affratellare  ind.  aflratello;  to  join  like  brothers. 

*  to  be    familiar   with ;    Non   voglio    gia    che    il 
padrone  s'  anratelli  CO  '1  servitore  che  fra  loro  sia 
poca  differenza,  I  do  not  indeed  desire  that  master 
and  servant  should  be  as  familiar  as  brothers,  that 
there  should  be  little  difference  between  them. 

*  Affratto  in.  ;=Anfratto,  winding  passage. 

Affreddare  ;  tr.  or  intr.,  to  cool. 

Affren-are  ind.  affre'no  (It.  freno); 
i.  to  bridle.  2.  to  hold  in  with  the 
reins.  3.  fig.  =  Raffrenare,  to  restrain. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Affreschista  m. ;  fresco-painter. 

Affr^sco  m.  (It.  fresco,  new) ;  fresco, 
a  painting  executed  with  colours,  chiefly 
consisting  of  natural  earths,  upon  walls 
covered  with  damp  freshly  laid  plaster. 

Affrettare  ind.  affre'tto  ;  to  hasten, 
hurry. 

Aff.  ArTrett-abile,  -amento,  -atamente. 

Affricana  / ;  a  kind  of  pudding 
with  a  "Zabaione"  inside  and  a  cover- 
ing of  chocolate. 

Affricanismo  m. ;  expression  pe- 
culiar to  the  writings  of  St  Augustine. 

•Affrico  (Africo,  Affricino)  m. ;  =  Libeccio,  S.W. 
wind. 

*  Affricogno  adj.  (It.  afro);  i.  of  a  kind  of  vine 
with   sharp   astringent   grapes   formerly  grown    for 
making  "pergolati."     ii.    astringent,  sharp  tasting. 


*  Affricognola  /.  ;   a  kind  of  vine  with  sweet 
reddish-white  grapes. 

tAffriggere;  =  Affiiggere,  to  afflict. 

Affrittellare ;  i.  to  fry.  2.  scherz. 
to  kill. 

*  Affronta./?;  unpleasant  meeting. 

*  Affrontamento    ;//.  ;     i.    hostile     encounter, 
ii.    insult. 

Affront-are  ind.  affronto  (It  fronte) ; 
i.  to  stop  (a  man)  for  the  purpose  of 
insult  or  robbery.  2.  to  face  (an  enemy). 
3.  -arsi  di,  to  be  offended  at. 

*i.  Fare  -are  =  Far  parlare,  to  make  (a  man) 
speak,  ii.  to  accost,  iii.  —  battaglia,  to  join 
battle,  or  absolutely  — ,  to  be  the  attacking  party 
or  tr.  to  attack,  iv.  =Confrontare,  to  put  in  com- 
parison, v.  to  be  opposite  to,  as  Spain  to  Africa, 
or  the  night  sky  to  the  sun.  As  rejft.  -arsi :  vi.  to 
meet.  vii.  to  present  itself,  viii.  to  correspond,  to 
be  in  apposition,  as  the  parts  of  a  graft  when  in 
proper  apposition  with  the  parts  of  the  stock. 

Part,  -ato:  ix.  Battaglia  -ata  =  pitched  battle. 
x.  Pezzi  -i,  pieces  whose  ends  meet  but  are  not 
joined  together  by  dovetails. 

Affronto  m. ;  insult,  affront.  *  i.  battle,  esp. 
the  beginning  of  a  battle,  ii.  in  poetry,  the  occur- 
rence of  the  same  vowel  at  the  end  of  one  word  and 
the  beginning  of  the  next.  iii.  Nel  primp  — ,  at  the 
first  meeting  with  a  person,  at  first  seeing  how  he 
behaves,  iv.  comparison  of  documents  in  making 
investigations. 

t  Affrucchiare  ;  =  Frucchiare,  to  meddle. 

t  Affruciare  ;  =  Abborracciare,  to  bungle. 

Affruttato ;  planted  with  fruit-trees. 

t  Affuffignare ;  -  Acciabattare,  to  cobble. 

*  Affum-are  (Affummare);  i.  =  Affumicare.    ii.= 
Profumare,  to  perfume.     -ato  =  Abietto,  despicable. 

Affumicare  ind.  affumico  ;  i.  to 
smoke.  2.  to  fumigate  for  disinfec- 
tion. 3.  to  blacken,  whether  by  smoke 
or  other  means  ;  also  fig.  to  darken 
(the  countenance). 

Aff.  Affumic-amento,  -ata,  -atura. 
t  Anunghire;=  Infunghire,  to  be  mouldy. 

Affus-are(lt.fuso) ;  to  make  spindle- 
shaped,  -ato,  tapering. 

Affusellare  ind.  affusello ;  i.q. 
Affusare. 

Affusi6ne/;  (chem.)  pouring  liquid 
(over  any  materials). 

Affuso ;  part,  of  Affondere,  to  pour. 

Affusol-are  ;  i.q.  Affusare,  to  make 
spindle-shaped. 

*  i.    to  beautify,      ii.    to  set  upright,      iii.    —  un 
rimbrotto  ad   uno,   to  tell   him  straight  (what   you 
think  of  him).     Part,  -ato :  iv.  straight  as  a  spindle. 
v.  in  a  straight  line,  without  turning  aside,    vi.  sharp, 
thin. 

Affusto  /«. ;  gun-carriage,  v.  Fusto. 

*Affutare  (L.  fttgitare  freq.  of  fxgert) ;  to  put 

to  flight. 

Afide  m.  •  the  aphis  or  green  fly. 

Etym.  The  word  seems  to  have  been  invented 
by  Linnaeus  the  Swedish  naturalist  from  Gr.  a4>et£>j?, 
unsparing.  He  latinised  this  into  Aphides,  and  then, 
regarding  it  as  a  plural,  engineered  a  singular  Aphis 
from  it,  with  a  genitive  Aphid  is. 

Afille/  pL  (Gr.  o/w/.,  4>v\\oi>,  leaf);  (hot.) 
destitute  of  leaves,  as  the  rush,  garlic,  etc.,  aphyllous. 
*Afio  (Gr.  a  jtafa.,  <puw,  to  generate);  a  name 
given  to  certain  fish  believed  to  be  produced  by 
spontaneous  action  of  the  water.  This  belief  still 
lingers  in  parts  of  the  Mediterranean  littoral,  where 
the  eggs  of  various  fishes  are  offered  for  sale  in  large 
quantities,  particularly  those  of  the  Latterino,  also 
called  Nonnats  (non  nati).  The  word  is  specially 
used  for  some  species  of  the  genera  Gobio,  Leuciscus 
and  Cyprinus. 

Afoniay".  (Gr.  afriv.,  #«HOJ,  voice);  (med.)  loss 
of  speech. 

Afor-ismo  in,  (Gr.  a^opia^a.  from  an-d,  off; 
opt'^uj  to  form  a  boundary,  bpo;) ;  aphorism,  short 
phrase.  Aff.  -isticamente,  -istico. 

Af6sO;  sultry,  v.  Afa. 

*  Afracciare  ;  =  Abbracciare,  to  embrace. 


*Afratta/;  Rhodian  galley. 

Africano  m.\  a  kind  of  marble  with  red,  white 
and  purple  blotches. 

'  Africino  (Africo)  w.;  =  Libeccio,  S.W.  wind. 

*  Afro ;  sharp  to  the  taste  (cogn.  Fr.  ajffre,  affrenx 
<O.H.G.  enter,  bristling).     Aff.  *Africogno. 

Afrodisiaco ;  as  E. 

AfroditayC;  sea  mouse,  Aphrodita,  aculea-ta, 

Afronitro  /«.;  saline  incrustation  esp.  in  a  damp 
cave. 

tAfrore  m.  {It.  afro);  i.  smell  of  fermentation, 
ii.    smell  of  burning  charcoal. 

Afta/  (Gr.  o$0a) ;  (med.)  aphtha,  white  ulcer 
in  the  mouth. 

Aga  m.;  title  of  distinction,  civil  or  military,  in 
Turkey. 

tAgaidlo  ;«.;  =  Agoraio,  needle-maker. 

Agalloco  m,;  the  so-called  aloes  wood,  a  soft 
wood  from  the  Excoecaria  Agallocka^  a  shrub  of  the 
Euphorbiaceous  family  which  is  used  for  the  perfume 
it  gives  out  when  burnt.  It  has  nothing  to  do  with 
the  aloe  plant.  V.  Calambucco. 

A'gamo  (Gr.  a  /m'.,  yajuos,  marriage);  (pot.} 
cryptogamous,  with  no  visible  organs  of  fructifica- 
tion. 

Aganippeo ;  poetical,  lit.  relating 
to  Aganippe,  a  fountain  on  Mt  Helicon. 

Agapanto  m. ',  blue  tube-rose,  one  of  the 
African  Liliaceae. 

A'gape  f.  (Greek  word) ;  the  early  Christian 
love-feast. 

Agarico  m.  (Gr.  aydpiKov) ;  agaric, 
a  general  term  for  numerous  fungi,  in- 
cluding the  common  mushroom,  but 
more  particularly  meaning  the  fungous 
excrescence  that  grows  upon  the  trunks 
of  trees,  and  is  used  as  touchwood  or 
in  medicine  as  a  styptic  and  cathartic. 
V.  infra,  Pioppino,  Prataiolo. 

*  Agasellay?;^  Avelia,  shrike. 

*  Agassa./  ;  =  Gazza,  magpie. 

A'gata/  (A)  (Oriental  word  through 
Gr.  dxaTTjs);  agate. 

(B)  Agata  (It.  ago,  needle);  needle- 
full  of  twine. 

Agat-ato  (*-oso) ;  resembling  agate. 

Agatizzato  ;  petrified  (organic  matter). 
Agatologfa ,/  (Gr.);  discussion  of  the  good. 
*Agatume  m.;  quantity  of  agate-like  material. 

A'gave  / ;  the  American  aloe,  also 
termed  Pianta  di  cent'  anni,  and  several 
kindred  species. 

*  Agazza_/!;  =  Gazza,  magpie. 

Agazzino  m.  •  —  Pruno  gazzerino,  evergreen 
thorn,  Crataegus  Pyracantka. 

*Agemina^  (L.  ad,  gemina);    Lavori  all'  — , 
steel  inlaid  with  gold  or  silver  wire. 

Agenda/  (L.):  pocket  diary. 

Agente  »;.;  agent.     *adj,  —Gentile,  kind. 

*  Agenz-are ;  =  Ingentilire,    q.v,    -arsi,   fig.    to 
shine. 

Agenzfa./;  i.  agency.    2.  administrative  area 
for  collection  of  direct  taxes.     *i.  =  Ingerenza,  inter- 
ference,    ii.  =Azienda,  business  of  any  kind. 
Agerato  m.\  (hot.)  Achillea  ageratum. 
*Agertello  w.;  =  Acertello,  kestrel. 
*Agetto;  =  Abietto,  abject. 

Agevolare  ind.  ageVolo;  i.  to  facili- 
tate. 2.  to  lower  prices.  3.  to  put  in 
good  order. 

Ag^vol-e  (bit.  agibilis<L.  agere)\ 
i.  easy  to  work,  manage,  or  do.  2.  mode- 
rate in  price.  3.  comfortable  (dress). 
4.  of  intellect,  quick.  Aff.  -e*zza,  -fno 
tractable,  -mdnte. 

*  Aggaffare;  =  Acchiappare,  to  seize. 
t  Aggaiare  ;  Fare  — ,  to  torment. 

t  Aggallarsi ;  to  come  to  the  surface,  Galla. 

Aggallato  m. ;  floating  island  in  a 
swamp. 

Agganciare ;  to  seize  with  a  hook, 
Gancio. 

3—2 


20 


AGGANCIATOIO— AGGRANFIGNARE 


Agganciatdio  m. ;  window-fastener. 

t  Aggangare;  —  dalla  sete,  to  rage  with  thirst. 
tAggangato;  —  al  lavore,  desperately  hard  at 
work. 

Aggangherare  ind.  agginghero ;  to 
fasten  with  a  clasp,  Ganghero. 

*  Aggarbare  ;  to  give  a  graceful  appearance  to. 
t  Aggarugliarsi;— Accapigliarsi,  to  fight. 
fAggarzonarsi;  to  become  a  Garzone,  q,v.,  a 

bachelor. 

Aggattigliarsi ;  to  fight  like  cats. 

Aggattonare  ind.  aggattono ;  to 
stalk  like  a  cat. 

Aggavettare  ind.  aggave"tto;  to  di- 
vide the  strings  of  a  musical  instrument 
into  bundles,  Gavette. 

•Aggavignare;  to  seize,  -j.  Gavigna. 

*  Aggecchirsi ;  to  humble  oneself. 

t Aggeggia/I;  =  Acceggia,  woodcock. 

Aggeggi-are  ind.  agge"ggio ;  i.  to 
haggle  about  nothing  ;  O  che  -i,  falla 
smessa,  what  are  you  haggling  about, 
get  it  done  with.  2.  -arsi,  to  trick  one- 
self out  (in  finery).  3.  with  double  accus., 
to  arrange  (a  room)  nicely. 

Agg£ggio  m. ;  (Etym.  dub.)  i.  trifle. 
2.  thing  whose  name  one  cannot  think 
of;  Datemi  quell'  — ,  give  me  that 
thing  there.  3.  tricky  proceeding;  Ci 
vuol  altro  che  cotesti  aggeggi  per  tirarsi 
avanti  a  questi  giorni,  something  more 
than  these  tricks  is  wanted  for  getting 
on  nowadays.  4.  Mettersi  attorno  tanti 
-i,  to  trick  oneself  out  in  a  lot  of  finery. 

Aggeggi6ne  m.,  -ona  / ;  haggler. 

*Aggel-are;  to  chill;  -arsi,  to  freeze. 
Aggentilire;  =  Ingendlire,  to  beautify. 

*  Aggerare  (L.  <ad,  gerere,  to  bring) ;  to  heap  up. 
•Aggerazione/:;  sand-bank  in  a  river. 

*  Aggere  (A)  «;.  (L.);  i.  (tail.)  parapet,  ii.  (arch.) 
ridge  in  the  centre  of  an  arch.     (B)  As  vb.  =  Avere, 
to  have. 

•Aggestione/;  heap,  esp.  sea-beach  heaped  up 
by  the  waves. 

Aggestivo  ;  thrown  up  by  alluvial  action. 

*Aggetta  f. ;  a  medical  preparation  of  nature 
now  unknown. 

Aggettare  ind.  aggetto  (It.  aggetto 
<  L.  adjectus  <  ad,  jacio,  to  throw)  ; 
(arch.)  to  jut  out  from  the  face  of  a 
building,  as  a  balcony  or  cornice. 

Aggettat6io  m. ;  projection. 

Aggettiyo  or  Addiettivo  si.  or 
adj. ;  adjective.  Aff.  Aggettiv-  or  Addi- 
ettiv-ame'nte  ;  -are,  to  put  into  the  form 
of  an  adjective ;  -azione,  the  application 
of  an  adjective  to  a  substantive. 

Aggetto  m. ;  projection,  v.  Aggettare. 
*=Abietto,  abject. 

*Agghermigliare;  =  Ghermire,  to  seize. 

Agghiacci-are ;  i.q.  Ghiacciare,  to 
freeze.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Agghiaccio  ;;/.  (L.  ad,jacere,  to  lie) ; 
i.  (mar.)  tiller.  2.  i.q.  Addiaccio,  q.v., 
sheep-fold. 

*  Agghiad  -are  (Probably  a  variant  from  Agghiac- 
ciare,  but  in  sense  iii.  from  L.  gladius,  sword);  i.  to 
shiver  with  cold.    ii.  to  shudder  with  horror,    iii.   tr. 
to  run  (a  man)  through,  kill  him.    iv.  -arsi  (of  molten 
metal),  to  curdle  from  insufficiency  of  heat. 

Agghiaiare ;  to  cover  with  gravel, 
Ghiaia. 

Agghiaiato  m.  •  gravelly  place. 


Agghind-are ;  to  dress  smartly, 
-ame'nto. 


bend 


Aggiaccare;  =  Acciaccare,  to 
to  the  ground,  cause  to  lie  flat. 

Aggiardinare ;  to  make  a  garden  of. 

*  Aggina  f.  ;    portion   of   ground   set    aside    as 
pasture. 

A'ggio  m.  (A)  (var.  of  Agio) ;  pre- 
mium upon  some  kind  of  money  which 
a  person  must  pay  if  he  requires  money 
of  that  particular  kind,  generally  a  pre- 
mium upon  gold  over  bank  notes  of  the 
same  nominal  value. 

*(B)  (mlt.  ataticnm,  11.  Skeat,  sub  Age) ;  i.  age  ; 
In  —  di  piii  di  ottant'  anni,  being  over  eighty  years 
of  age.  ii.  date;  Mille  dugensettantaquattro  1' — , 
in  the  year  1274. 

Aggiogare  ind.  aggi<5go  (It.  giogo) ; 
to  put  the  yoke  upon  (oxen). 

Aff.  Aggiog-abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 
t  Aggiogliarsi;   i.  to  snooze,  after  food.    ii.  to 
wear  a  quantity  of  jewels. 

*  Aggiogliato  (It.  gioglio);  of  grain,  mixed  with 
tares. 

t  Aggioglirsi ;  to  be  out  of  condition,  ill. 

Aggiornare  ind.  aggidrno  (mlt.  ad- 
jnrnare  <  furnus,  V.  Giorno) ;  i.  to 
adjourn  (a  debate).  2.  to  become  day- 
light ;  Appena  aggiorna,  as  soon  as  it 
is  daylight. 

*i.  to  fix  a  date  (for  a  meeting,  etc.).  ii.  to 
illuminate,  iii.  to  cite  before  a  tribunal. 

Aff.  Aggiorn-abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 
L'  alba  -atrice,  dawn  that  ushers  in  the  day. 

Aggiotaggio  m.  ;  dealings  in  the 
money  market. 

Aggiotatdre  m. ;  exchange  broker. 

Aggir-ame'nto    m.  ;     i.     v.     -are. 

2.  Aggiramenti     di     parole,    beating 
about  the  bush. 

'Aggirandola  f.;  i.  deception,  ii.  Catherine- 
wheel,  7'.  Girandola. 

Aggir-are  (It.  giro);  i.  to  move  (a 
thing)  in  a  circle.  2.  fig.  to  deceive. 

3.  -arsi,  to  revolve. 

Aggirat6re  in.,  -trice  ./.  ;  =  Raggiratore,  de- 
ceiver. 

*  Aggironare  ;  to  surround. 
Aggiucchire;  =  lngiucchire,  to  make  or  become 

stupid. 

Aggiudic-are  ;  to  adjudicate.  Aff. 
-atdrio,  person  to  whom  a  thing  is  ad- 
judicated, -ativo,  -azidne. 

Aggiung-ere  ind.  aggiungo,  perf. 
aggiunsi  aggiunge"sti,  part,  aggiunto 
(L.  adjungere) ;  to  add.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Aggiunta/ ;  addition. 

Aggiuntare ;  to  join  two  pieces  of 
the  same  material  together,  esp.  of  a 
shoemaker,  to  finish,  to  sew  up  the  parts 
of  a  shoe. 

Aff.  Aggiunt-atora  woman  finisher,  -atura. 
*Aggiuntatore  m. ;  meddler,  mischief-maker. 
Aggiuntivo ;  (gram.)  adjunctive. 

Aggiunto ;  i.  part.  Aggiungere. 
2.  sb.  addition. 

Aggiuntoche  adv.  \  besides  which. 

*  Aggiuntura  /. ;  =  Aggiunta,  addition. 

*  Aggiurare  ;  i.  to  exorcise,    ii.  to  conspire. 

Aggiust-are  (L.  ad,  j'uxta,  near ; 
from  roots///,  to  join,  and  sta,  to  stand) ; 


i.  to  adjust,  adapt,  correct.  2.  to  put 
in  order;  —  di  sale,  di  acqua,  to  add 
the  right  amount  of  salt  or  water.  3.  to 
satisfy  (a  creditor).  4.  —  la  mira,  to 
take  a  good  aim.  5.  —  fede,  to  put 
faith  in.  6.  —  il  mazzocchio  a  uno,  to 
put  his  cap  straight,  i.e.  recall  him  to 
his  right  senses.  7.  —  il  vento,  to 
receive  the  wind  on  the  sails  in  the 
manner  desired.  8.  —  il  cammino,  to 
make  out  one's  way  on  a  map.  9.  -arsi, 
to  stand  beside.  Part,  -ato :  10.  ad- 
justed, ii.  correct  (quantity)  for  ob- 
taining a  certain  effect.  12.  pi.  -ati, 
the  Academy  of  Treviso. 

Aff.  Aggiust-abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  -atezza, 
accurate  adjustment,  -atore  esp.  adjuster  of  coins  in 
a  mint,  -atura. 

Aggiustata  f. ;  the  pace  to  which  a 
horse  is  trained. 

Agglomer-are  iiid.  agglomero ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-amento,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.,  <  ad,  glomns,  ball,  a  Tar.  of  globtts, 
v.  Globo,  Gleba. 

Agglutin-are  ind.  aggliitino  (L.,  v.  Glutine) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -amento,  -azione. 

Aggobbiare  ind.  aggobbio ;  to  shape  like  a 
gouge,  v.  Gobbia. 

Aggobb-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  gobbo) ;  to 
make  or  become  hunchbacked.  —  sui 
libri,  to  bend  over  one's  books. 

Aggocciolarsi  ind.  s'  agg6cciola ; 
to  form  drops,  Goccioli. 

*  Aggolpacchiarsi;  to  be  bewildered,  T.  Avvol- 
pacchiare. 

Aggomitol-are  ind.  aggomitolo  ;  to 
wind  upon  a  bobbin  or  into  a  ball, 
Gomitolo.  Aff.  -atura. 

Aggott-are  ind.  aggotto ;  (mar.)  to 
bale  out,  v.  Gotto.  Aff.  -atura. 

Aggottat6io  m. ;  vessel  used  in  salt 
works  for  transferring  water  from  one 
pan  to  another. 

'Aggozzare;  i.  =  Strozzare,  to  cut  the  throat  of. 
ii.  —  Abbuzzire,  to  cram. 

Aggradare  (Aggratare) ;  to  please. 
Only  used  in  yd  sing.  pres.  Fate  come 
v'  aggrada,  do  as  it  pleases  you. 

Aggrade" vol-e ;  pop.  for  Gradevole. 
Aff.  -mdnte. 

Aggradime'nto  /;/. ;  pop.  for  Gradi- 
mento,  pleasure. 

Aggrad-ire  ind.  -isco ;  pop.  for 
Gradire,  to  accept,  or  intr.,  to  be 
agreeable. 

*  Aggraduirsi ;  to  win  the  favour  of. 
*Aggraffare  (Aggraffiare,  Aggrafngnare) ;  =  Ag- 

granfiare,  to  seize. 

*  Aggrampare;  =  Aggrappare,  to  clutch. 
*Aggranare;    i.    to  convert   (sugar,   etc.)  into 

granular  form.     ii.    to  produce  grain. 

Aggranchiare  or  Aggranchire  (Ag- 
gronchire)  ind.  aggranchio  or  aggran- 
chisco ;  to  benumb. 

Aggrancire  ;  =  Grancire,  to  grapple. 

Aggrand-ire  hid.  -isco  (It.  grande);  i.  to 
enlarge.  2.  to  exaggerate.  As  rejl.  -irsi ;  3.  to 
aggrandise  oneself.  4.  to  be  self-important.  Aff. 
-imento. 

*  Aggranellare  ;=  Raggranellare,  to  collect. 

Aggranfiare ;  to  seize  in  the  claws, 
Granfie. 

Aggranfignare ;  pop.  to  rob  cleverly. 


AGGRAPPARE— AGIATARE 


21 


Aggrapp-are  :  to  grapple,  -arsi,  to 
hold  on  tight,  or  (of  climbing  plants)  to 
hold  on  and  climb  up. 

Aggrappolato  ;  clustered,  as  a 
swarm  of  bees. 

Aggraticci-are ;  i.  to  twist  (vine 
stems,  etc.)  together  into  a  sort  of 
grating,  Graticcio.  2.  =  Ingraticciare, 
to  fence  in  with  wicker  hurdles.  As 
reft,  -arsi :  3.  of  plants,  to  twist  their 
branches  together  round  something  up 
which  they  are  climbing.  4.  of  a  per- 
son, to  scramble  up  a  tree  by  its  branches, 
or  of  a  child,  to  scramble  up  on  to  the 
shoulders  of  a  man.  5.  fig.  of  a  mental 
habit,  to  take  possession  of  a  person. 

*Aggratigli-are;  i.  to  imprison  (lit,  to  put 
behind  the  bars),  ii.  fig.  to  capture  ;  Tu  mi  hai 
-ato  il  cuore  colla  tua  ribeba,  you  have  captured 
my  heart  with  your  lute  (where  there  seems  to  be 
a  play  between  the  words  Grata,  grating,  and  Grato, 
pleasing). 

*  Aggrato  ;  =  Grato,  agreeable. 

Aggrav-ame'nto  m. ;  this  word  and 
the  part,  -ato  of  -are  are  used  esp.  in 
reference  to  the  increase  of  a  fever  or 
to  the  worse  condition  of  the  patient. 

Aggrav-are  ind.  aggravo  (It.  grave) ; 
i.  to  overload.  2.  to  overburden  (with 
taxes).  3.  —  un  incolpato,  of  witnesses 
called  for  the  defence,  to  make  the  case 
of  the  defendant  worse  ;  —  una  colpa, 
of  circumstances,  to  aggravate  an  of- 
fence. 4.  -  -  la  penna  su'  conti,  to 
increase  the  amount  of  a  bill;  --la 
pena,  to  increase  the  penalty ;  --  lo 
stomaco,  of  indigestible  food,  to  lie 
heavy  upon  the  stomach  ;  —  la  mano, 
in  writing,  to  press  too  heavily  ;  fig.  of 
a  judge,  to  give  too  severe  sentences. 

As  reft,  -arsi :  5.  Non  voglio  aggra- 
varmi  la  coscienza,  I  will  not  burden 
my  conscience  further  (by  denying  my 
guilt,  etc.).  6.  of  illness,  to  grow  worse. 
7.  II  teatro  si  -a  quasi  tutto  su  colonne 
non  fatte  per  sostenere  quel  peso,  the 
weight  of  the  theatre  falls  almost  entirely 
upon  pillars  not  constructed  to  support 
that  weight.  8.  Similarly  of  the  weight 
of  a  person,  e.g.  Sta'  su,  non  t'  aggravare, 
che  non  sono  il  tuo  appoggiatoio,  stand 
upright,  do  not  rest  your  weight  (upon 
me),  I  am  not  your  prop.  9.  —  degli 
anni,  to  feel  the  weight  of  old  age. 
10.  —  di  panni,  to  put  more  clothes  on 
one's  bed  or  on  oneself ;  —  di  cibi,  to 
eat  too  much.  u.  part,  -ato,  v.  supra, 
sub  Aggravamento. 

•-are  le  membra,  to  stiffen  the  limbs,  make  them 
heavy,  D.  Purg.  19.  n.  Aff.  -azione. 

Aggravezz-are  ind.  aggravdzzo;  to 
burden  with  taxes,  Gravezze.  Part,  -ato 
as  sb.  taxpayer,  esp.  the  taxpayer  in  the 
Florentine  republic  who  was  not  quali- 
fied for  public  office. 

Aggravio  m. ;  i .  heavy  burden,  esp. 
y^.oftaxesorincumbrances.  2.  damage, 
inconvenience.  3.  injustice.  4.  imputa- 
tion ;  Gli  hanno  fatto  un  —  dell'  amicizia 
che  ha  col  tale,  his  friendship  with  so 
and  so  is  made  an  imputation  against 
him  5.  Farsi  —  di  dire,  to  have  a 
scruple  about  saying.  6.  Esser  d'  — , 


to  be   a   burden   (on    one's    relatives). 
*insult. 

Aggrazi-are ;  to  make  (a  dress)  graceful  or 
(a  medicine)  pleasant.  *  i.  =  Graziare,  to  pardon, 
-arsi :  ii.  to  become  graceful,  iii.  to  win  the  favour 
of.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atino. 

Aggred-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  aggrediri) ; 
to  attack. 

Aggreg-are  ind.  aggrego  (L.,  v. 
Gregge) ;  i.  to  admit  into  an  associa- 
tion. 2.  to  associate  (a  temporary 
assistant)  with  the  regular  officials. 
3.  to  unite  (two  sets  of  officials)  into 
one.  As  refl.  -arsi  :  4.  to  join  (a 
society).  5.  of  things,  to  become  joined 
together.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azidne. 

Aggregate  /  //. ;  (hot.)  plants  with 
flowers  so  closely  set  as  to  appear  one, 
such  as  the  scabious. 

Aggregativ-o ;  i.  Forza  -a,  cohesive 
force  which  keeps  the  molecules  of  a 
solid  body  together.  2.  Pillola  -a,  uni- 
versal pill  efficacious  in  curing  many 
different  maladies. 

Aggregate ;  i.  v.  Aggregare  (2). 
2.  an  academical  title.  3.  assemblage, 
group,  e.g.  of  houses.  4.  amalgam  (of 
metals).  *the  world. 

Aggreggiare  ind.  aggreggio ;  to 
assemble  in  a  herd,  Greggia. 

Aggressi6n-ey?;  -cellarf//«.;  Aggressore  ;«.; 
as  E. 

Aggrezz-are  or  -ire  ind.  aggre"zzo 
or  -isco  (var.  of  Aggricciarsi) ;  to  be 
numb  with  cold. 

*  Aggricchiare;  to  curl  up  from  cold. 
'Aggricciarsi ;  to  turn  cold  from  fear,  v.  Grinza. 

Aggrinz-are  or  -ire  ind.  aggrinzo 
or  -isco  ;  to  wrinkle. 

*  Aggrommare;  — Aggrumare,  to  encrust, 
t  Aggronchire  ;  — Aggranchire,  to  benumb. 

Aggrondare  ind.  aggrondo  (Cogn. 
Fr.  grander,  to  grumble  <  L.  grundire, 
to  grunt  as  swine,  of  imit.  origin);  tr. 
or  tuff,  to  knit  (the  brows),  to  frown. 

*  Aggroppare  (Aggroppiare) ;  =  Aggruppare. 

Aggrott-are  ind.  aggrotto ;  i .  to 
throw  up  (a  bank),  e.g.  along  the  edge 
of  a  ditch,  v.  Grotto  (A,  ii),  to  bank  up. 

2.  —  le  ciglia,  to  frown.     Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Aggrottescare  ind.  aggrottdsco;  to 
draw  grotesquely. 

Aggrovigliarsi  (Aggrovigliolarsi) ; 
of  string,  to  twist  into  a  kink;  of  a 
hide,  to  curl  up,  -v.  Grovigliolo. 

Aff.  Aggrovigli-amento,  -atura,  -olatura. 

*  Aggrucciare  ;  to  raise  the  shoulders  like  a  man 
going  on  crutches,  Gruccie. 

Aggrum-are  (Agrommare)  (It.  gru- 
mo,  crust) ;  to  collect,  -arsi,  to  coagu- 
late, to  form  a  crust,  esp.  of  wine.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Aggrumolare  ind.  aggriimolo  (It. 
grumolo) ;  of  plants,  to  form  a  head,  as 
lettuce. 

Aggrupp-are  (Aggroppare,  Aggropp- 
iare) (It.  gruppo);  i.  to  collect  into  a 
bunch.  2.  to  loop  (curtains)  back. 

3.  (paint.)  to  group  (a  composition). 
Ajf.  -amdnto. 


Aggruzzolare  ind.  aggruzzolo;  = 
Raggruzzolare,  to  save  money. 

*  Agguadc*  in.  ',  (Provencal  word)  deception. 

*  Agguagliamento  /«.  ;  equinox. 

*  Agguaglianza    f.  J    i.  =  Ugualianza,   equality. 
ii.   equity,     iii.   equal  distribution,     iv.   comparison. 
v.    Esser  fuori  d'  —  ^  to  think  too  highly  of  oneself. 
vi.   equable  disposition. 

Agguagliare  (L.  aequalis)  ;  i.  to 
make  of  equal  size.  2.  =  Uguagliare, 
to  match.  3.  to  make  smooth  or  level. 
4.  to  compare.  5.  to  equal  ;  Dante 
agguaglia  se  non  supera  Omero,  Dante 
is  equal  if  not  superior  to  Homer.  6.  A 
male  —  ,  to  compare  badly,  i.e.  to  make 
a  somewhat  strained  comparison.  7.  — 
al  suolo,  to  level  to  the  ground,  pull 
down.  8.  (vet.)  to  be  over  seven  years, 
when  the  horse's  age  can  no  longer  be 
told  from  his  teeth.  9.  in  straw  plaiting, 
to  sort  out  straws  of  equal  thickness. 

*  i.  to  distribute  equally,     ii.  to  acquire. 
Aff.  Agguagli-abile,  -amento,  -atamente. 

*  Agguagliatoio  in.  ;  i.  polisher,  tool  for  polish- 
ing the  interior  of  a  cannon  or  arquebus,     ii.    sieve 
for  sorting  gunpowder. 

Agguagli-at6ra  f.  ;  straw  sorter,  v. 
-are  (9). 

*  Agguagliatore  m.;  equator. 
Agguagli-atura./;  v.  -are. 

Agguagli-o  m.  ;  vbsb.  of  -are.  Non 
c'  e  —  fra  que'  due,  those  two  are  not 
to  be  compared. 

Agguantare  ;  to  seize,  v.  Guanto. 

Agguantatdra/  ;  (mar.)  vessel  that 
is  faster  than  her  companions. 

Agguato  or  Aguato  (Aguaito)  m.  ; 
ambush,  v.  Guato. 

t  Agguatt-are  ;=Acquattare,  to  lay.  -arsi,  to 
cower  down,  hide. 

•Agguettare  (It.  gueffa);  i.  to  wind  (wool). 
ii.  to  add.  iii.  to  grasp. 

Agguerr-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  guerra); 
to  inure  to  war.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

*  Agguindato  ;  i>.  Agghindare. 

Agguindolare  ind.  aggufndolo  (It. 
guindolo)  ;  to  wind  (wool)  upon  the 
bobbin. 

*—  Bindolare,  to  trick,  deceive. 

*  Aggustare  ;  to  please. 

t  Aghella^;  =  Airone,  heron. 

*  Agherbino  w.;  =  Gherbino,  S.W.  wind. 
A'ghero  ;  =  Agro  (B),  sour. 


Aghe'tta/; 
lead. 


litharge,  protoxide  of 


Aghettare  ;  to  lace  up. 

Aghe'tto  m.  ;  (dim.  of  Ago)  i.  boot- 
lace, stay-lace,  strictly  the  tag  of  the 
lace.  2.  (mar.)  lashing,  lanyard,  strictly 
the  pointed  end  of  the  rope  with  which 
the  lashing  is  made,  serving  like  the 
tag  of  a  boot-lace. 

*i.  dim.  Ago.  ii.  Puntale  d'  —  ,  the  point  of  a 
tag  as  proverbial  for  nothing  at  all.  iii.  Bocchino 
da  sciorre  -i,  little  mouth  for  undoing  laces,  said  of 
women  with  their  mouths  screwed  up  to  look  pretty. 
iv.  (chein.)  needle-shaped  crystal,  v.  (jnil.)  laces 
on  a  uniform. 

*Aghindare;  (w/rtr.)=Ghindare,  to  hoist. 

Aghirone  m.  (O.H.G.  heigir)',  i.  =  Airone, 
heron.  2.  —  piccolo  =  Nonnotto,  little  bittern. 
3.  —  purpureo  =  Airone  rosso,  purple  heron.  4.  — 
stellare  =  Tarabuso,  bittern. 

Agiagino  ;  pop.  for  Adagiuo,  slow. 

*Agi-are,  i.  to  lay  down  gently,  ii.  —  le  sue 
ricchezze,  to  make  good  investments,  iii.  —  a  uno, 
to  be  of  advantage  to  him.  -arsi  :  iv.  —  d'  una  cosa, 
to  utilise  it.  v.  —  to  eat  or  drink  at  one's  ease. 

*  Agiatare  ;  =  Adagiarsi,  q.v. 


22 


AGIATO— AGRESTO 


Agiat-O;  i.  moderately  rich.  2.  de- 
liberate in  one's  movements. 

*i.  spacious,  ii.  convenient  to  hold.  Hi.  easy 
(courtesy)  that  sets  people  at  ease.  iv.  Don  — , 
Mr  Sit-at-ease,  if.  Ermolao.  v.  -i,  the  Academicians 
of  Rovereto. 

Aff.  Agiat-amente,  -ezza,  -mo  rather  slow. 

'Agibile;  feasible. 

*Agiere  ?/?.;  =  Aria,  air. 

Agil-e,  -ita,  -mente;  as  E.  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Agile.) 

*Agina  (Aina)y?  (L.  agere,  cp.  ruina<ntere); 
i.  haste,  ii.  Avere  — ,  to  have  the  power. 

A'gio  (Asio)  m. ;  I.  convenience, 
ease.  2.  plenty  of  time  (for  doing 
something).  Ad — ,  slowly;  A  bell' — •, 
in  an  easy-going  fashion ;  A  mio  — ,  as 
soon  as  I  shall  have  leisure;  A  mio 
bell'  — ,  as  soon  as  I  feel  inclined. 

Etym.  iinkn.  The  Italian  for  money-brokerage 
or  Agio  as  it  is  sometimes  called  in  English  is  Aggio, 
but  both  these  words  have  the  same  origin,  possibly 
a  late  L.  asium,  which  is  entered  by  Du  Cange  with 
the  meaning  of  uncultivated  ground.  Littre  under 
the  word  ciise  quotes  Bressan  eso,  Franc-comtois 
aze,  Burgundian  ase,  Walloon  tike,  Namurois  aitje, 
Provencal  ais,  old  Catalan  aisf,  Portug.  azot  E.  ease, 
Cornish  ttizia,  to  set  at  ease,  low  Breton  em,  easy. 
He  concludes  that  there  was  a  root  ad/i,  nzt  ais,  in 
the  Germanic  and  Celtic  dialects  which  was  the 
origin  of  the  Romance  word. 

Agiografia  y.  (Gr.);  hagiography. 

Agiossilo  m.  (Gr.  ayioc  fi/Aoi*,  holy  wood, 
whence  the  more  pop.  name  Legno  santo  for  this 
article);  guaiacum  wood,  v.  Gttaiaco. 

Agire  ind.  agisco  agisci  agisce 
agiamo  agite  agiscono,  per/,  agii, 
parts,  agente  agi'to  (L.,  root  ag,  to  do, 
i>.  Skeat,  sub  Agent);  I.  to  act;  modo 
d'  — ,  way  to  behave.  2.  to  give  a 
theatrical  performance. 

Agit-are  ind.  Agito  (L.,  freq.  of  ngert);  to 
agitate,  Ajff".  -atore,  -atrice,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Agli;  to  the.  This  combination  is 
used  before  Z,  impure  S,  any  vowel, 
and  the  word  Dei.  Agli  uomini,  agli 
Dei,  to  men,  to  the  gods. 

*Agliaia/:;  =  Ghiaia,  gravel. 

Agliata  /^ ;  garlic  and  vinegar  sauce. 
Far  un'  — ,  to  chatter. 

A'glio  m.  (L.  allium<Cr.  a-yXis); 
(hot.)  i.  —  coltivato,  common  garlic, 
Allinm  sativum.  2.  —  orsino,  ran- 
soms, Alliumursinum.  3.  — pippolino, 
crow  garlic,  A  Ilium  vineale.  4.  —  ro- 
mano,  rocambole,  v.  Agliporro.  5.  —  di 
serpe  or  serpentine,  A  Ilium  -victorialis. 

Phrases: — Esser  verde  come  un  — , 
i.e.  to  look  ill.  Mangiar  or  Roder  1' 
— ,  to  swallow  one's  resentment.  Far 
mangiar  1'  — ,  to  annoy  intensely.  Mi 
sa  d'  — ,  it  is  annoying.  Esser  come 
gli  agli  che  hanno  il  capo  bianco  e  la 
buccia  verde,  to  be  like  garlic  with 
white  head  and  green  peel,  i.e.  to  be 
vigorous  in  old  age.  Tanto  e  puzzar 
d'  un  —  che  d'  una  resta,  it  is  the  same 
to  smell  of  one  garlic-bulb  as  of  a  string 
of  them,  i.e.  one  who  has  committed  a 
fault  may  as  well  commit  more.  Quan- 
t'  uno  spicchio  d'  — ,  as  much  as  one 
clove  of  garlic,  i.e.  very  little  (of  some- 
thing to  eat). 

*  Beccati  quest'  —  —  Pigliati  questa,  take  that ! 
Tenere  il  cappone  dentro  e  gli  agli  fuori,  i.e.  to  put 
on  a  semblance  of  poverty.  II  mortaio  sa  sempre 
d'  — ,  the  mortar  always  smells  of  garlic,  i.e.  what 
has  been  done  leaves  its  traces.  Non  nocere  un  — , 
not  enough  to  damage  a  garlic  plant  (to  bring  out  its 
smell),  i.e.  nothing. 


Aj@.  Agli-aio,  bed  of  garlic  or  garlic  seller; 
-aro,  garlic  seller ;  -ato,  bread  rubbed  on  garlic ; 
-ettino  sub-dim.,  -etto  dim. 

Aglip6rro  in. ;  OW.)  rocambole,  A  Ilium  scorodo- 
prasum,  also  termed  Aglio  romano. 

*  Agna./;  =  Agnella,  lamb. 
*Agnascenza  f.;  i.   derivative,     ii.    superfeta- 

tion. 

Agnaticp  ;  descending  to  male  heirs. 
Agnatizio  ;  related  on  the  father's  side. 

Agnato  m. ;  relation  on  the  father's 
side. 

Agnazi6neyC;  relationship  on  the  father's  side. 

Agnell-a  /  ;  ewe-lamb,  -aio  m. ; 
dealer  in  lambs  or  kids. 

Agnellatura  f. ;  i.  lambing.  2.  lambing 
season. 

Agn&ll-o  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  agnus,  v. 
Agno) ;  lamb.  AJf.  -dtto  dim.,  -fno 
dim.  or  as  adj.  of  a  lamb. 

Agnell6tt-o  m. ;  i.  well-grown  lamb. 
2.  in  pi.  -i,  meat  patties. 

Agnelluccio  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  Agnello. 

*  Agnere  \  —  Angere,  to  torment. 
*Agnimento  tn.\  i.g.  Agnizione. 
•Agninay:;  lamb's  fleece. 

Agnizi6ne  f. ;  recognition,  esp.  recognition 
scene  in  ancient  plays. 

*  Agno  in. ;  (L.  agnits,  akin  to  Gr.  d/irta,  Welsh 
oen,  lamb,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Yean),    i.  lamb.    ii.  swell- 
ing in  the  groin,  bubo ;  Tagliarsi  1'  — ,  to  take  a  bold 
resolution  ;  Tagliar  1'  —  a,  to  take  away  beforehand 
all  pretext  for. 


•tnat  upon  the  name  being  Latimsea  tne  epitnet  ol 
castus,  chaste,  was  added) ;  (bot.)  chaste  tree,  Vitex 
agnuscastus,  a  tall  tree  resembling  a  willow  which 
grows  by  the  sides  of  ditches  in  Southern  Europe, 
also  termed  Vitice,  Pepe  de'  monaci. 

*Agnolo  ;;/. ;  i.  =  Angiolo,  angel,  ii.  Fare  1'  — 
di  badia,  to  be  the  abbey  angel,  i.e.  to  be  changeable 
as  a  weather-cock,  which  was  often  in  the  shape  of 
an  angel,  iii.  Far  .a  uno  la  via  dell'  — ,  i.t.  to  let 
him  escape,  iv.  a  French  gold  coin. 

*  Agnominazione  f. ;  =  Annominazione,  word- 
play. 

Agnusdei  m. ;  i.  image  of  the  Lamb 
in  consecrated  wax  or  other  material. 
2.  the  part  of  the  Mass  which  begins 
with  these  words.  3.  Fare  or  Parere 
un  — ,  to  assume  a  humble  attitude. 

Ago  in.  (L.  acus,  root  ac,  sharp) ; 
i.  needle;  Infilare  gli  aghi  al  buio,  to 
thread  needles  in  the  dark,  i.e.  talk  of 
what  one  does  not  understand.  2.  sting 
of  an  insect.  3.  —  della  bilancia,  tongue 
of  a  balance.  4.  —  della  toppa,  stem 
of  a  lock.  5.  —  dell'  arpione,  catch  of 
a  gate-fastener.  6.  —  della  fibbia,  pin 
of  a  buckle.  7.  —  della  stadera,  (a) 
pointer  of  a  steel-yard ;  (b)  bar  on  which 
the  moveable  weight  runs.  8.  —  di 
stamperia,  foot  of  the  tongs  used  in 
type-setting  to  lift  a  letter.  9.  —  dello 
staio,  iron  bar  across  a  bushel-basket. 

10.  sea  pike,  gar-fish,  Belone  vulgaris. 

1 1.  (mar.)  — ,  or  Albero,  per  bighe,  leg 
of  a  pair  of  shears. 

Agobbio ;  a  town  about  20  miles  north  of 
Perugia,  now  Gubbio,  D.  Purg.  ii.  80. 

*  Agocchia  y.;=Ago,  needle. 

Agognare  ind.  ag6gno  (**agoniare 
<late  L.  agonia  =  Gr.  ayaivla,  struggle 
<  dyoiv,  assembly,  and  so  arena  for 
combatants,  root  ag,  to  drive) ;  to  long 
for. 

fAgon  tit.  ;  =  Aguglia,  gar-fish, 
t  Ag6nay.  ;  =  Alosa,  shad. 

Agonal-e  ;  belonging  to  the  circus. 
Feste  -i  or  as  sb.  m.  pi.  -i,  the  ancient 
circus  games  held  in  January. 


Ag6ne  m.  (A)  (augm.  of  Ago); 
packing-needle. 

(B)  (Gr.  aya>v,  v.  Agognare) ;  i.  cir- 
cus, arena.  2.  athletic  or  gladiatorial 
competition  in  the  circus.  3.  by  ext. 
poetical  or  other  competition. 

Agonfa,  or  pop.  Angonia,  /  (L., 
<Gr.  dyuvia,  v.  Agognare);  i.  death 
struggle.  2.  vehement  striving.  3.  heavy 
affliction.  4.  (pop.)  phthisical  person. 

Agonlstica  / ;  athletics. 
Agonizzare;    to  be   in    the  death 
agony. 

Agopunturay ;  (sitrg.)  acupuncture. 

*  Agora;  irreg.f.pl.  of  Ago,  needle. 

Agoraio  m. ;  needle-case.  *  needle- 
seller. 

*  Agoraiuolo  m. ;  =  Agoraio.     As  adj.  needle- 
shaped. 

*  Agostano  ;  (hay)  made  in  August. 
*Agostaro  nt. ;  a  coin  of  Frederick  II  king  of 

Naples. 

Agostiniano ;  of  the  Augustinian  Order  of 
monks. 

Agostlno;  i.  born  in  August.  2.  of 
a  hen,  good  layer  of  eggs.  3.  fig.  scherz. 
of  a  woman,  with  many  children.  4.  of 
grapes,  ripening  in  August. 

Agdsto  m.  (L.  august  us,  akin  to 
Lith.  auksztas,  Lettish  augsts,  high,  L. 
augere,  to  increase,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Eke) ; 
August.  La  Madonna  di  mezz'  — , 
the  Feast  of  the  Assumption,  frov. 
La  prim'  acqua  d'  —  pover"  uomo  ti 
conosco,  with  the  first  shower  of  August 
I  recognise  the  poverty-stricken,  i.e. 
when  the  beginning  of  August  is  rainy 
the  warm  weather  is  over  and  we  have 
to  remember  the  poor.  Ferrare  — ,  to 
have  a  merry  party  at  the  beginning  of 
August,  from  the  feriae  augustales  of 
ancient  Rome,  which  were  on  the  first 
of  this  month. 

Agdtile  m. ;=Nottolone,  night-jar. 
Agottare ;  to  bale  out  a  boat. 

*  Agozzare;  =  Sgozzare,  to  kill. 
Agr-amente;  v.  -o  (B). 
Agraria  /. ;  agricultural  science. 

Agrario  (L.,  <.ager,  field,  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Acre); 
as  E. 

*AgrestayT;  i.  —  Agresto.     ii.  money. 

*  Agrestare  ;  i.  to  make  sour.    ii.  fig.  to  mortify 
(the  flesh). 

Agrestata  / ;  verjuice,  a  liquid 
made  from  sour  grapes,  crab  apples, 
etc.  with  sugar  added. 

Agr6ste(L.,7/.  Agrario);  wild,  rude, 
rustic. 

*  Agrestezza^;  i.  rusticity,     ii.  sourness. 

Agrestino  m. ;  =  Raspollo,  little 
grape  formed  after  harvest,  which  never 
ripens.  As  adj.,  dim.  Agresto,  rather 
sharp. 

Agresto  m.  (L.,  v.  Agrario);  i.  sour 
grape.  2.  juice  of  unripe  grapes.  3.  un- 
fair profit;  Far  1'  — ,  a  familiar  expres- 
sion used  when  an  agent  appropriates 
to  himself  something  which  should  have 
gone  to  his  employer.  4.  Bere  il  vino 
in  —  (usu.  Mangiar  la  raccolta  in  erba, 
lit.  to  eat  the  harvest  while  it  is  green), 
to  make  debts  on  the  strength  of  ex- 
pectations. 

*  i.  Menar  1'  —  a  uno,  to  waste  his  time  ;  Menarsi 
1'  — ,  to  be  doing  nothing,     ii.    Render  —  per  uva 


AGRESTUME— AIULA 


acerba,  i.e.  to  return  tit  for  tat.    iii.  Coglier  1'  — ,  to 
steal.     As  adj.  iv.  —  Agreste.     v.  bitter. 

*  Agrestume  m.  ;  pickles  or  any  sharp  tasting 
food. 

Agrett-fno  dim.  vezs.,  -o  dim.,  of 
Agro  (B). 

Agretto  itr.  ;=Crescione,  watercress. 

Agrezza  /;  sharpness,  v.  Agro  (B). 

Agricola  adj.  (L.  tiger,  field  ;  cofo,  to  cultivate); 
peasant. 

Agricolt-dre  m.,  -ura/;  as  E. 

Agriffoglio  in.  (L.  acri-folium;  the 
identity,  however,  of  the  tree  so  named 
with  the  aquifolium,  the  holly,  is  not 
certain) ;  holly,  Ilex  aquifolium. 

Agrigno;  dim.  Agro  (B),  somewhat 
sharp. 

*  Agrimani  ni.pl.  (Fr.  agrements);  ornaments. 

Agrimensdre  m.  (L.  ager-V metier, 
perf.  mensus  sum)  ;  surveyor.  Aff. 
Agrimensura. 

Agrim6nia  f.  (L.  argemone  =  Gr.  apryf^tavrt, 
which  was  a  kind  of  poppy  used  to  remove  an  ap-yejua, 
or  white  spot,  from  the  cornea  of  the  eye ;  this  is 
from  apydy,  white,  root  nrg,  whiteness);  (hot.) 
agrimony,  Agrimonia  cupatoria. 

Agrino  ;  dim.  vezz.  Agro  (B),  plea- 
santly sharp. 

Agribtta/  (Gr.  aypios,  wild,  cp.  Fr. 
griotte) ;  a  kind  of  bitter  cherry. 

*  Agripersa  f. ;  a  species  of  marjoram. 

*  Agrippa ;  (tued.)  an  ointment,  so  named  from 
its  inventor. 

Agrippina  f.  ;  long  lounge-chair,  presumably 
so  named  from  that  of  a  well-known  statue  of  the 
Roman  empress. 

Agro  tn.  (A)  (L.  ager,  field,  root  ag, 
•v.  Skeat,  sub  Acre) ;  land  round  a  city, 
•field. 

(B)  (L.  acer,  root  ac,  sharp,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Acrid.)  i.  sharp,  acid.  2.  fig. 
pungent.  3.  very  distasteful.  4.  Aver 
dell'  —  con  uno,  to  have  an  open  dis- 
like of  him.  As  sb.  5.  juice  of  lemons, 
etc.,  unsweetened. 

*i.  haughty,  ii.  importunate,  iii.  deadly,  iv.  diffi- 
cult ;  Non  fora  a  te  si  —  (D.  Purg.  25.  24),  it  would 
not  be  so  difficult  for  thee.  v.  savage,  vi.  (metal.) 
of  iron,  hard  to  work.  vii.  of  other  metals,  brittle, 
viii.  of  a  soil,  sour.  ix.  as  sb.  (metal.)  lump  of  iron 
not  liquefied  in  the  casting. 

Agroddlce ;  bitter-sweet. 

Agronom-la  /  (L.  ager,  field +  Gr. 
itn/j.0!,  law) ;  agricultural  science.  Aff. 
-ico,  -o. 

Agrostemma  in.  •  (hot.)  corn-cockle,  Agro- 
stemma gitftago. 

Agrdstide  in.  (Gr.  a-ypw<rriO;  (bot.)  bent-grass, 
Agrostis. 

*Agrotto  m.  ;  some  large  bird,  perhaps  a  heron, 
v.  Grotto. 

Agrumi  m.  pl.\  dried  pungent  herbs. 

*Aguaito  lit. •  =  Agguato,  ambush. 
•Aguale;  adv.  =AvaIe,  now. 

Aguato  tn. ;  i.q.  Agguato,  ambush,  fas  adj. 
hidden. 

*  Aguazzeronare  ;  to  form  fringes,  Guazzeroni. 

Agucchia  f.  (L.  acicula) ;  knitting- 
needle.  \v.  Aguglia. 

Agucchiare  ind.  agiicchio;  to  sew 
in  a  feeble  manner,  to  toy  with  one's 
needle.  *  =  Cucire,  to  sew. 

•Agucchi-arolo  m. ;  knitting-needle  maker. 
*-one  m.;  large  pin.  *-otto  m. ;  packing-needle. 

•Aguccia  /;  a  kind  of  stone  with  points  like 
needles. 

•Agucella  (Agugella)/.;=Punteruolo,  punch. 

Aguglia  /  (A)  (bit.  acucula,  dim.  of  L.  acus, 
v.  Ago);  garfish,  Belone  acus,  locally  termed  Angusi- 
gola,  Agon,  Becassino  de  mar,  Agucchia,  Ancugella. 


*  i.  needle,   ii.  pinnacle,   iii.  obelisk,    iv.  knitting- 
needle,    v.  compass  needle,     vi.  sharpened  pole  for 
taking  soundings  in  a  harbour,    vii.   pintle,  rudder- 
pin,    tviii.   a  dog-fish,  v.  Spinerolo. 

*(B)  (L.  aqtiila);  i.  eagle.  ii.  the  ancient 
Roman  standard  representing  an  eagle. 

*Agugli-accio;  =  Aguglia  (B,  ii).  *-are;  =  Aguc- 
chiare.  *-ata;  =  Gugliata,  needleful. 

*  Agu-gliana  £  ;    young  eaglet.      *  -glino  m. ; 
i.    young  eagle,     li.    a  coin  worth  about  a  penny, 
iii.    adj.    aquiline.     *  -gliotto  or  *  -gino  m. ;   young 
eagle. 

Aguglidtto  m. ',  (ntar.)  —  del  timone,  rudder 
pintle.  *:=AgugIino. 

t  Aguluppare  ;  — Avviluppare,  to  wrap. 

*  Agumentare  ;  =  Aumentare,  to  increase. 
* Aguminay^;  — Gomena,  cable. 

*  Agura  f.  ;=  Augurio. 

*  Agurioso  ;  believing  in  auguries. 

*  Agut-ame;  quantity  of  nails.    *-are,  to  sharpen. 
Aguti  ///.  (native  S.  American  word);  agouti, 

Dasyprocta  aguti. 

Agiito  in. ;  a  kind  of  long  thin  nail,  French  nail. 

Agutoli  tn. ;  (bot.)  a  thorny  shrub,  Lyciuni 
Ettroptfum. 

Aguzz-are  or  pop.  Auzz-are  (L.  acu- 
tus,  through  a  form  ** acutiare)  \  I.  to 
sharpen.  In  reference  to  sharpening  or 
dressing  the  grinding  grooves  of  a  mill- 
stone the  word  generally  used  is  Auzzare. 
-  i  suoi  ferri  or  ferruzzi,  to  sharpen 
one's  tools,  i.e.  to  exert  oneself  to  the 
utmost ;  —  le  ciglia,  lit.  to  sharpen  the 
eyebrows,  i.e.  to  look  closely,  D.  Inf. 
15.  20.  Part,  -ato:  2.  of  the  back, 
bowed.  3.  (herald.)  of  cross  stripes, 
with  azure  extremities. 

*  i.  to  encourage,     ii.  to  grind  (the  teeth),     iii.  to 
curl  (the  moustaches),     iv.    to  compress  (the  lips), 
v.    Aver  -ato  il  molino,  lit.  to  have  ground  the  mill, 
i.e.  to  be  about  to  eat.     vi.    of  the  blood,  to  make  it 
liquid. 

Aff.  Aguzz-  or  Auzz-amento,  -ata,  -atura. 
*Aguzzett-o  ;«.,  -a  f.\  i.   interpreter,     ii.  go- 
between,     iii.   bad  adviser,    iv.   instigator. 

Aguzzfno  m.  (probably  from  the 
Turkish  or  Arabic  al-vazir,  vizier, 
overseer,  through  the  Span,  alguacil); 

1.  warder  of  galley   slaves.      2.    hard, 
task-master. 

Aguzzo  or  pop.  Auzzo  (L.  acutus); 
sharp- pointed. 

Ahn  ;  pop,  exclamation  of  satisfaction. 
Aho  ;  pop.  exclamation,  certainly. 

Ai ;  i.  prep,  with  art.,  to  the.  This 
is  used  before  plurals,  but  before  the 
word  Dei  and  words  beginning  with  S 
impure  or  Z  it  is  replaced  by  Agli. 

2.  Ne  ai  nfe  bai, pop.  nothing;  Esce,  or 
Entra  senza  dire  nfe  ai  n&  bai,  without 
saying   anything.     Prov.   Ai   buai   chi 
nasce  matto  non  guarisce  mai,  truly  a 
man  who  is  born  mad  never  recovers. 

3.  as  sb.  the   three-toed   sloth,  which 
utters  the  cry  of  Ai. 

Ala/  (A)  (L.  area,  open  place ;  root 
era,  the  earth);  i.  threshing-floor  in 
the  open  air  ;  Imbuinare  1'  — ,  to  dress 
the  earth  with  cow  dung  and  tread  it 
down  into  a  smooth  surface  for  thresh- 
ing. 2.  a  similar  space  for  putting 
materials  out  to  dry.  3.  Metier  in  — , 
to  spread  out  the  sheaves  for  threshing. 

4.  Rifarsi  sull'  — ,  to  make  it  good  on 
the  threshing;  viz.  when  a  peasant  has 
a  grievance  against  his  landlord  which 
he  makes  good  by  securing  more  than 
his   due   share  of  the   product  of  the 
threshing.     5.  Parere  un'  — ,  of  a  bed 
or  any  such  article  which  is  very  large. 
6.  Menar  il  can  per  1'  — ,  to  lead  the 
dog  over  the  threshing-floor,  i.e.  to  have 


much  talk  with  no  result,  a  dog  not 
being  heavy  enough  to  tread  out  the 
corn.  7.  And  of  a  place  where  every- 
body goes  to  pick  up  something  it  is 
said  E  come  1'  —  di  Ghiandone  (dove 
tutti  ci  andavano  a  battere),  it  is  like 
the  threshing-floor  of  Gh.,  where  every 
one  would  go  to  do  some  threshing. 
(B) ;  governess,  nurse-maid  (v.  Aio). 
(C) ;  La  — ,  the  Hague,  in  Holland. 

*i.  =Aiuola,  flower-bed.  ii.  strip  of  ground, 
iii.  church-yard,  iv.  open  space,  v.  halo  in  the 
sky.  vi.  —  salinare,  salt-pan,  vii.  (math.)  area. 
viii.  path  of  an  animal  employed  to  turn  machinery. 
ix.  Metier  in  — ,  to  venture  on  an  undertaking, 
x.  Mettere  stoppa  in  -  - ,  to  put  empty  straw  on  the 
threshing-floor,  i.e.  to  do  something  useless. 

Aiace  tit.',  (hot.)  larkspur,  v.  Erba(36). 

Aiapana  /.  ;  (hot.)  Eupatorittm  ayapana,  a 
Brazilian  plant  said  to  be  useful  in  cases  of  snake- 
bite. 

Aiata  /. ;  the  quantity  of  corn  on 
the  Aia. 

*  Aiato;  Andare  — ,  to  go  about  with  the  hands 
in  the   pockets.     Stare   — ,  or  aione,   to   be  doing 
nothing. 

Aiduco  in.  (Hungarian  hajduk,  pi. 
of  fiajdu,  cow-herd);  i.  Bohemian  or 
Hungarian  soldier,  Haiduk.  2.  Slavo- 
nian outlaw.  3.  one  of  the  bodyguard 
of  the  Grand  Dukes  of  Tuscany. 

•Aier-ay:  or  -e  <«.;  =  Aria,  air. 

*  Aierino ;  blue. 

*  Aietta  /. ;  i.   flower-bed,    ii.  =  Porca,  ridge. 
* Aiguayl;=  Acqua,  water. 

Ailant-e  or  -o  m.  (native  Amboyna  name 
meaning  tree  of  the  gods);  (bot.)  Ailanthus,  some- 
times called  the  tree  of  Heaven,  Ailanthus glattdu- 
losa. 

*  Ainarsi  (It.  agina);  to  exert  oneself. 
*Ainino  (of  Germanic  origin,  v.  Agno);   of  a 

lamb.     Carta  -a,  parchment. 

A'io  m.  (<  Span,  ayo,  prob.  <  Gothic 
hagjo,  guardian,  or  O. H.G.  hagan,  to 
surround,  >  Germ,  hegen,  to  cherish) ; 
tutor.  Esser  1'  --  nell'  imbarazzo,  to 
be  the  tutor  in  a  difficulty,  i.e.  to  have 
to  cover  up  the  errors  of  one's  sub- 
ordinates. Far  P  -  -  addosso  a  un 
autore,  i.e.  to  convince  an  author  of 
error. 

t  =  Aglio,  garlic. 

Ai61a ;  v.  Aiuola. 

Aiotfo  ;  Cantare  — ,  to  blab  out  everything. 
*Aion-e  or  -i ;   i.    adv.   Andare  — ,   to  ramble 
icily  about.     As  sb.  ii.  in  salt  works,  place  for  drying 
salt. 

Aipa  f.;  Corsican  gull,  v.  Gabbiano  (rf). 

Afre  m.  (It.  a  +  ire,  to  go);  Prender 
1'  — ,  to  make  a  start.  Dare  1'  —  a,  to 
urge  on. 

Airdne  m.  (contr.  of  Aghirone,  < 
O.H.G.  heigir  with  suffix  -one,  cp.  old 
Fr.  hairon>fr.  Atfron);  i.  —  bianco 
maggiore,  great  white  heron,  v.  Sgarza. 

2.  —  cenerino,  heron,  Ardea  cinerea, 
also  termed  Aghirone,  Nonna,  Sgarza. 

3.  --  minore,  —  Sgarzetta,  little  egret. 

4.  —  rosso,  purple  heron,  Ardea  pur- 
purea,  also  termed  Aghirone  purpureo, 
Granocchiaia,  Ranocchiaia. 

Aita/.  (L.  adjuvare),  (poet.) ;  i.  aid. 
2.  favour. 

*  Aitale  ;  similar. 

Aitante ;  vigorous. 
Aitare ;  pop.  for  Aiutare. 
Aiuga  f. ;   (dot.)  common  bugle,  v. 
Erba  (129,  &). 

tAiulayC;  a  species  of  bream,  v.  Pagello  (3). 


AIUOLA— ALBERO 


Aiu61a    or    Ai61a  /    (dim.    Aia) ; 

1.  place  for  spreading  a  net  for  birds. 

2.  flower-bed  in  a  garden. 

Aiublo  or  Aiblo  m. ;  net  for  catch- 
ing birds. 

*Tirar_P — :  i.  to  gain  a  mean  advantage,  ii.  pop. 
to  die.  iii.  to  pick  pockets.  Prov.  Tirar  1'  —  a  una 
chiosa,  /*'/.  to  draw  the  net  over  a  stain  in  a  cloth, 
i.e.  to  lose  no  opportunity  for  making  a  profit  how- 
ever small. 

Aiutante  ;//.  ;  (mil.)  adjutant.  —  di  campo, 
aide-de-camp,  officer  on  the  General's  staff.  —  mag- 
giore,  battalion  adjutant. 

Aint-are  (L.  adjuvare,  v.  Giovare) ; 
i .  to  help ;  -  -  la  barca,  to  push  a 
business  along,  to  give  assistance  in  an 
affair.  As  refl.  -arsi :  2.  of  one  who  is 
ill,  to  take  nourishment.  3.  —  con  le 
mani  e  coi  piedi,  to  do  one's  utmost. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

Aiuto  m. ;  i.  aid.  2.  in//,  (mil.) 
auxiliaries.  3.  assistant  (teacher).  4. 
—  di  costa,  extra  payment  beyond  the 
sum  stipulated. 

Aizdon  m.  (Gr.  act,  fyov) ;  =  Sem- 
previvo,  house  leek. 

Aizzare  or  pop.  Annizzare  (Adiz- 
zare)  (O.H.G.  hiza,  cp.  Germ.  Hitze, 
heat);  i.  to  set  (a  dog)  on  to  attack 
something.  2.  to  stimulate  a  person 
to  any  vigorous  action,  to  stir  up  a  fire, 
etc. 

Aff.  Aizz-amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Ala/,  with  //.  Ale  or  Ali  (L.  ala 
for  **acsla,  akin  to  A.S.  eaxl,  shoulder; 
O.H.G.  ahsala,  armpit,  >  Germ.  Achsel; 
root  ai?,  to  drive,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Axis, 
Axle);  i.  (pi.  Ali)  wing.  2.  (//.  Ale) 
wing  of  a  building,  piece  of  anything 
to  eat,  etc.  3.  Far  — ,  (mil.)  to  ex- 
tend, or  pop.  to  make  room.  4.  in  a 
river,  dam.  5.  Sputare  un'  —  di  pol- 
mone,  lit.  to  spit  out  a  piece  of  lung, 
i.e.  to  speak  long  and  vehemently. 
6.  Stare  sull'  ali,  to  be  on  the  point  of 
starting.  7.  in  //.,  plough  handles. 

8.  —  lunga,  =  Rondine  di  mare,  tern. 

9.  Ali  di  deriva  o  di  scarroccio,  lee- 
boards   attached   on   either   side   of  a 
flat-bottomed  boat  to  prevent  drifting. 

*  i.  Aver  1'  ali  piu  grand!  che  il  nido,  i.e.  to  surpass 
one's  predecessors,     ii.    Dar  dell*  —  a  uno,  to  get 
rid  of  him.     iii.   Quanto  1'  occhio  mio  potea  trar  d' 
ale  (D.  Purg.  10.  25),  as  far  as  my  eye  could  carry, 
lit.  could  pull  with  its  wings,    iv.  Star  desto  sull'  ali, 
to  be  on  the  watch,     v.   Batter  ogni  — ,  to  rejoice, 
vi.  _Distender  1'  ali  contro  uno,  to  take  up  a  haughty 
attitude  towards  him.     vii.   Impennare  le  ali  a  uno, 
to  make  him  swift,     viii.  Ad  ali  stese,  in  haste. 

*  Alabanda  f.\  a  marble  from  Alabanda  in  Asia 
Minor,  also  known  as  Lucullus'  marble. 

Alabandina  f.  (from  Alabanda,  its  place  of 
origin) ;  Oriental  garnet  or  spinel-ruby,  7>.  Spinello. 

Alabard-a  /  (M.H.G.  helm-barte, 
lit.  helmet  splitter,  <  helm,  helmet,  and 
barte,  broad  axe) ;  halberd,  a  weapon 
something  between  a  pike  and  a  battle- 
axe.  Appoggiare,  or  Piantare  1'  — ,  to 
be  supported  in  idleness,  as  by  marry- 
ing a  rich  wife  and  living  in  her  house. 
Aff.  -iere,  halberdier. 

.  Alabardata  ;  i.  f.  blow  with  a  halberd.  2.  as 
adj.  (bot.)  arrow-shaped  (leaf). 

Alabastr-aio  m. ;  seller  of  -o.  -ino;  white  as 
-o.  -ite/?;  sham -o.  -o  m.;  alabaster. 

Etym.  Gr.  aAo/3acjTpos,<Oriental  sources. 

A'lacr-e  (L.  alacer) ;  active.   Aff.  -emente,  -ita. 


Aladentro  »t.\  (mar.)  inhaul,  rope  for  hauling 
in  a  trysail  along  the  gaff  towards  the  mast. 

Alafu6ri  m. ;  (mar.)  outhaul,  v.  Aladentro. 

Alagna;  the  birthplace  of  Pope  Boniface  VIII, 
now  Anagni,  in  Latium,  D.  Par.  30.  148. 

*Alaggio  tn.  (vbsb.  of  Alare);  =  Alzaia,  tow-rope. 

Alagi  tn.  ;  (baf.)  Hedysarum  Alhagi,  a  legu- 
minous plant  of  Arabia. 

t  Alalonga  /. ;  scalebreast,  a  sj>ecies  of  tunny, 
v.  Tonno  (2). 

*  Alamanna  f.\  i.q.  Salamanna,  a  muscatel  grape 
named  from  its  introducer  Ser  Alamanno  Salviati. 

Alamaro  m.  (Span,  alamar,  < 
Arabic  al,  the,  aindra,  braid);  i.  braid- 
ing on  a  uniform.  2.  in  pi.  braided  fas- 
tenings, "frogs,"  oblong  cloak  buttons, 
swelled  out  in  the  middle  and  covered 
with  silk,  and  with  a  tuft  at  each  end. 
The  term  may  include  the  loops  of  the 
fastenings  as  well  as  these  buttons. 

*Alambico  tn. ;  =  I>ambicco,  alembic. 

*  Alamire  in. ;  an  A  scale  in  old  hexachord  music 
in  which  there  were  three  tones  la,  mi,  re,  and  a 
semitone. 

Alano  m.  (Probably  from  Albano, 
the  Albanian  or  Molossian  dog,  or  from 
the  name  of  the  Alani,  a  Sarmatian 
people)  ;  bulldog.  Also  used  as  adj. 
spreg.,  of  persons. 

Alar-e  (A)  ///.  (L.  lares,  the  house- 
hold gods) ;  i.  usu.  in  pi.  -i,  andirons, 
fire-dogs;  Essere  fra  gli  -i  pignattino, 
to  be  a  pipkin  between  the  dogs,  i.e.  in 
great  danger.  2.  a  kind  of  trestle. 

(B)  adj.  (L.  ala);   (anat.)  Osso  — , 
the    sphenoid   bone.      Muscoli   -i,   the 
dilator  muscles  of  the  nose. 

(C)  vb.  (O.H.G.  halon,  to  pull,  cp. 
Span,  halar,  E.  hale  or  haul) ;  to  haul. 

*  Alario ;   i.  auxiliary,     ii.    relating  to  the  wing 
of  an  army. 

Alata  f. ;  blow  with  the  wing. 

*  Alateria  f.  (It.  elaterio,  elastic)  ;=  Molla,  tongs. 
Alatern-ayC,  or  -o  m.  (L.  ahiternus,  from  Alatri 

near  Rome);  (bot.}  a  species  of  buckthorn,  Rhainnus 
aliitcrnus,  also  termed  Linterna. 

Alato  (It.  ala);  winged. 
t  Alazzire  ;  to  weary. 

Alba  /  (L.  albus,  white,  v.  Alpe) ; 
dawn.  —  dei  tafani,  dei  mosconi  or  di 
Meino,  i.e.  a  late  hour  in  the  morning. 
Levarsi  all'  —  de'  tafani,  to  get  up  at 
mid-day. 

t  Albacare  ;  -u.  Abbacare. 

Albagia  /  (etym.  unkn.) ;  pride, 
vanity. 

*  Albagio  HI.  (m\i.albasiHm1<\J.  albits,  v.  Alba); 
white  woollen  rug. 

*Albagioso;  proud,  vain. 
*Albaione  ;«. ;  sand-hill,  dune. 

Albana  f.;  a  variety  of  white  grape. 

Albanella  yT;  i.  hen  harrier,  Circus  cyancits, 
also  termed  Albanella  reale,  Falco  molinaro  or 
pigargo.  2.  —  chiara,  bianca,  dalmantina,  mezzana, 
pallida  or  siciliana,  Swainson's  harrier,  Circus  pal- 
litius.  3.  —  minore,  Montagu's  harrier,  Circus 
cincraceus,  also  termed  Albanella  piccola  or  rossiccia, 
Falcone  cenericcio.  4.  —  con  il  collare,  =  Falco  di 
palude,  marsh  harrier. 

Albanese;  Albanian. 

*i.  adventitious,  foreign.  Far  1'  — ,  to  behave 
as  if  one  had  not  heard,  ii.  as  sb.  light  cavalry 
soldier. 

*  Albano  in. ;  a  variety  of  vine. 
Albardeola/t;  spoon-bill,  Anas  clypeata. 

Albarello  m. ;  (hot.)  silver  poplar,  v. 
Pioppo. 

*Albaria/I;  (arch.)  a  kind  of  distempering. 

A'lbaro  m.  (Span,  albar  <  L.  albtts, 
referring  to  the  whiteness  of  the  leaves) ; 
black  poplar,  Populus  nigra. 


*  Albasia  yC;=Bonaccia,  calm. 
Albastrello  DI.  •  redshank,  Scolopax  calidris, 

also  termed  Piropiro  gambe  lunghe,  Regina  di  mare. 
Albatico  ///.;  a  variety  of  blue  grape. 

*  Albato  ;=  Acchetato,  quiet. 
A'lbatra  f. :  arbutus  berry. 
Albatrtllo  >«.;  =  AIberello(B,  i). 
Albatrino  ;  (wine)  made  of  arbutus  berries. 

A'lbatro  m.  (A)  (L.  arbutus) ;  (hot.) 
=  Corbezzolo,  arbutus  tree. 

(B)  (Span,  nlcatraz,  pelican,  the  term  being 
transferred  in  Italian  to  another  large  bird,  as  has 
also  occurred  in  Portuguese,  where  it  means  either 
cormorant  or  albatross  ;  the  Spanish  word  is<  Arabic 
al-qadus,  bucket  on  a  water-wheel,  a  name  given  to 
the  pelican  because  it  carries  water  in  its  pouch); 
albatross,  Diomedea  extilaiis. 
t  Albazzano  m. ;  lime-stone. 

Albedine  f.  (L.  albedo  <  albus) ;  in  alchemy, 
whiteness. 

Albeggi-are  ind.  albe"ggio;  i.  to  be 
whitish.  2.  to  dawn.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

A'lbera  or  Alber&Lla  /  (var.  of 
Albero) ;  (hot.)  aspen,  Populus  tremula. 

Alberaggio  tn. ;  the  loading  dues  levied  in  some 
ports. 

•Alberaiay:;  plantation  of  trees. 

Alberante  m. ;  mast-maker. 

Alberare  ind.  dlbero;  i.  (mar.)  to 
provide  with  masts.  2.  to  hoist,  usu. 
Inalberare.  3.  to  set  upright,  usu. 
Alzare. 

Alberato;  planted  with  trees. 

Alberatura  /;  i.  the  trees  on  a 
property.  2.  the  masts  of  a  ship. 
3.  timber  for  masts. 

*  Albercocco ;  v.  Albicocco. 

Alber&lla  / ;  i.q.  Albera,  aspen. 

Alber&llo  m.  (A)  (bit.  **alveolel/us, 
dim.  of  L.  alueolits,  cell);  I.  small  medi- 
cine bottle,  usu.  Barattolo.  2.  kitchen 
salt-box.  3.  paint-pot;  Imbiancar  due 
muri  con  un  — ,  a  translation  of  the  Latin 
prov.  Duo  parietes  de  eadem  jidelia  deal- 
bare,  i.e.  to  kill  two  birds  with  one  stone. 

(B)  (dim.  of  It.  albero);  i.  fungus 
that  grows  at  the  roots  of  poplars,  Bo- 
letus scaber,  also  termed  Albatrello, 
Pioppino.  2.  i.q.  Alberella,  aspen. 

Alberese  itt. ',  i.  the  kind  of  lime-stone  from 
which  mill-stones  are  made.  2.  quarry  of  the  same. 

Alberet-a  /   or  less   usu.   -o   m. ; 

1.  avenue   of  poplars.      2.    any   plan- 
tation of  trees. 

Alber6tto  ;/;. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Albero. 

2.  (mar.)  royal,  or  top-gallant  mast. 

Albergare  ind.  albergo;  to  put  up 
at  an  inn. 

*  Alberge  f. ;  peach. 

Alberghetto  ;//. ;  i.  trunnion  hole,  a  socket  in 
an  oblong  cube  of  iron.  2.  gilder's  cushion. 

Albergo  m.  (O.H.G.  hariberga  < 
harji,  —  Germ.  Heer,  army  +  bergen,  to 
shelter,  orig.  therefore  encampment) ; 
i.  hotel.  2.  Cacciaall' — ,  taking  birds 
when  at  roost.  3.  shelter,  lodging. 

Aff.  Alberg-atore  inn-keeper,  -atrice,  -uccio  dim. 

*Alberino  m.  (Alberina,  Alberite  f.)\  i.  young 
poplar,  ii.  —  fiorentino,  a  kind  of  lime-stone,  v. 
Alberese.  iii.  marking  found  in  that  stone. 

A'lbero  (Albore)  m.  (L.  arbor,  root 
ardh,  to  grow,  to  rise  up,  v.  Arduo); 
i.  tree.  2.  poplar.  When  used  alone 
as  a  carpenter's  or  joiner's  material, 
Albero  means  poplar-wood.  3.  (mar.) 
mast;  --  maestro,  main-mast;  —  di 


ALBERONE— ALEATORIO 


mezzana,  mizen;  —  di  trinchetto,  fore- 
mast. 4.  axle-tree.  5.  in  any  piece 
of  machinery,  beam,  shaft ;  —  di  carico, 
derrick.  6.  (watchm.}  barrel-arbour. 

7.  -  -  di   famiglia,   genealogical   tree. 

8.  Stare  sull'  —  a  cantare,  ///.  to  stay 
on  a  tree  and  sing,  i.e.  of  a  seller  of 
something,    to    refuse    any   abatement 
of  his  price  when  he  knows  that  the 
purchaser  must  give  it  in  the  end.    9.  in 
alchemy,  referring  to  the  forms  in  which 
crystallisation  from  solutions  occurs ;  — 
di  Diana,  crystallisations  of  silver ;  —  di 
Saturno,  of  lead;    —  del  ferro  or  di 
Marte,  of  iron ;   —  di  Giove,  of  tin. 

Trees  named  after  some  special  characteristic: — 
10.  —  da  aceto,  smooth  leaved  sumach,  RfuHgtofoXi 
also  termed  Sommacco  di  America,  n.  —  d'  ambra, 
amber  tree,  Authospermum  Acthwpicum.  12.  — 
di  amore,  Judas  tree,  Cercis  siliquastrum,  also 
termed  Albert)  di  Gmdea,  Siliquastro.  13.  — 
d'  argento  del  Capo  di  Buona  Speranza,  Cape  silver 
tree,  Leucadendron  nrgenteum.  14.  —  bianco  dell' 
Australia,  Australian  white  tree,  blelaleitca  leuca- 
dendron.  15.  —  da  burro  affricano,  butter  tree  of 
Sierra  Leone,  Pentadesma  butyracea.  16.  —  da 
burro  nepalese,  butter  tree  of  Nepaul,  Bassia  buty- 
racea. 17.  —  del  caffe,  coffee  tree,  Coffea  arabica. 
18.  —  da  candela,  Panama  candle  tree,  Parmentiera 
cerifera.  19.  —  della  canfora,  camphor  tree,  Lauras 
camphora,  also  termed  Lauro  canfora.  20.  —  della 
cannella,  cinnamon  tree,  Laitrus  cinnamomum,  also 
termed  Lauro  cannella.  21.  —  della  cascariglia, 
cascarilla  bark  tree,  Croton  cascarilla.  22.  —  da 
catecu,  catechu  tree,  Acacia,  catechu.  23.  —  della 
china,  Peruvian  bark  tree,  Cinchona  ojfficinalis. 

24.  —  della  cioccolata,  cocoa  tree,  Meobronta  cacao. 

25.  —  dei  conciatori,  tanners'  tree,  Coriaria  tnyrti- 
folia.     26.    —  di  corallo,  West   Indian  coral  tree, 

Erythrina  corallodendrum.  27.  —  di  corallo  orien- 
tale,  East  Indian  coral  tree,  Erythrina  indica. 
28.  —  da  cucchiari,  spoon  tree,  Kalntia  latifolia. 
2g.  —  di  ferro,  (a)  true  iron  tree,  Metrosideros  vera ; 
(b)  three-flowered  iron  tree,  Sideroxylon  ferreum, 
also  termed  Legno  ferreo.  30.  —  di  ferro  bianco, 
white  iron-wood,  Sideroxylon  cinereum.  31.  —  da 
filtrare,  clearing  nut  tree,  Strychnos  potatoruw. 
32.  —  da  foglie  acide,  American  sour  wood,  Andro- 
meda arborea.  33.  —  da  f on  tana.  East  Indian  fount- 
ain tree,  Phytocrena  gigantea.  34.  —  da  frange, 
or  da  neve,  snow  flower,  Chionanthus  virginica. 

35.  —  da  frecce,  arrow  wood,  Viburnum  dentatttm. 

36.  —  da  garofani,  or  Garofano  aromatico,  clove 
tree,  Caryofihyllus  aromaticus.    37.  —  gigante  della 
California,  Californian  mammoth  tree,  Sequoia  gi- 
gantea.   38.  —  di  Giudea,  Judas  tree,  v.  supra  (12). 
39.  —  da  gomma  arabica,  gum  arable  tree,  v.  Acacia 
(i).     40.    —  da  gomma  elastica,  India-rubber  tree, 
Siphonia.      41.    —  da  gomma  guaiaco-,   guaiacum 
tree,  v.  Guaiaco.     42.    —  da  gomma  lacca,  lac  tree, 
Aleuritfs  laccifera.     43.    —  da  gutta  percha,  gutta- 
percha  tree,  Isonandra  gutta.     44.    —  dell'  incenso, 
incense  tree,  Boswellia  serrata,  or  Boswellia  thu- 
rata.     45.   —  dell'  incenso  americano,  incense  wood 
of  Guiana,  Idea  gnyanensis.     46.   —  del  latte,  cow 
tree,  Galactodendrum  tittle.     47.  —  da  legno  roseo, 
pink  wood  tree,  Dicypellium  caryophyllatum.    48.  — 
di  Linneo,  lime  tree,  v.  Tiglio.     49.   —  di  mal  di 
denti,  or  odontalgico,  toothache  tree,  Xantkoxylon. 
50.  —  delle  mani  del  Messico,  hand-plant  of  Mexico, 
Cheiranthodendrum   Pentaaactylon.       51.     —    da 
merletto,  or  da  trina,  lace  bark  tree,  Lagetta  linte- 
aria.     52.    —  della  mestizia,  tree  of  sadness,  Nyct- 
anthes  arbor  tristis^  also  termed  Gelsomino  odoroso 
di  notte.     53.   —  della  mirra,  myrrh  tree,  Bahamo- 
dendron  myrrka.     54.    —  da  neve,  snow  flower,  v. 
supra  (34).     55.    —  da  nitro   russo,   Russian   nitre 
plant,  Nitraria  sckoberL     56.    —  da  olio  di  Croton, 
Croton  oil  tree,  v.  Tiglio  drastico.     57.    —  odontal- 
gico,    v.    supra   (49).      58.   —   da    ostrache,    black 
mangrove  tree,  Rhizophora  mangle.     59.    —  delle 
pagode,  banyan  tree,  v.  Fico  (6).     60.    —  da  palle 
di  cannone,  cannon-ball  tree,  Couroupita  guyanensis. 

61.  —  del  pane,  bread-fruit  tree,  Artocarpus  tncisa. 

62.  —  del   Paradiso,   tree   of  Heaven,   v.    Ailanto. 

63.  —  della  pazienza,  Indian  lilac,  -v.  Perlaro.    64.  — 
da  pentole,  monkey's  kettle-tree,  Lecythis  ollaria. 
65.    —  del  pepe  peruviano,  Peruvian  mastick  tree, 
Schinus  motle,     66.   —  da   pipa   Indiana,   tobacco- 
pipe  wood,  Mabea  pirini.    67.  —  da  poponi,  papaw- 
tree,    Carica  papaya.     68.    —  da  quaranta  scudi, 
maiden-hair  tree,  Salisburia  adiantifolia,     60.    — 
da  sangue  di  dragone,  dragon  tree,  Dracana.  araco. 
70.  — di  Sant' Andrea,  date  plum,?'.  Ermellino.  71. — 
di  S.  Tommaso,  St  Thomas's  tree,  Baukinia  itarie- 
gata.     72.    —  degli  scogli  dell'  isola  di  Sant'  Elena, 
rock    plant   of   S.    Helena,    Petrobium    arboreum. 

H. 


73.  —    da    sego,    tallow    tree,    Croton    sebtfentm. 

74.  —  della  seta,    silk    pod    plant,    Gomphocarpus 
fruticosus.      75.    —   da  storace,    gum    storax    tree, 

v.  Meluzzo.  76.  —  del  te,  tea  tree,  Thea  bphea. 
77.  —  da  trina,  v.  supra  (51).  78.  —  da  tulipani, 
tulip  tree,  Liriodendrum  tulipifera,  also  termed 
Tuhpifera  della  Virginia.  79.  —  del  veleno  di 
Giava,  upas  tree,  Antiaris  toxicaria.  80,  —  da 
vernice,  cinese,  or  del  Giappone,  Chinese  or  Japanese 
varnish  tree,  Rhus  verniciflua.  81.  —  del  viaggia- 
tore,  <?rdel  viandante,  Ravenala  madagascariensis. 
82.  —  della  vita,  arbor  vitae  or  American  white  cedar, 
Thuja  occidentalis.  83.  —  da  zucche  da  frutti 
rotondi,  calabash  tree,  Crescentia  cucurbit  ina. 
84.  —  da  zucche  ovali,  oval-fruited  calabash  tree, 
Crescentia  cujete. 

Alber-6ne  m.  augm.,  -6tto  m.  dim., 
small  mast,  -uccio  m.  dim.  spreg.,  of  -o. 
t  Alberto  m.\  Capodi  S.  — ,  thick-head,  dunce. 
AlbiayC;  the  river  Elbe,  D.  Purg.  7.  99. 

Albiccio  ;  turbid,  whitish  (liquid). 
*AIbicerato;  i.  wax  coloured,     ii.  sb.  a  variety 
of  fig. 

Albicbcca  (Bericocola)/ ;  apricot. 

Albicbcco  (Albercocco)  ;//.  (L.  prae- 
eoqua,  f.  adj.  early  ripening,  <  coquere, 
to  cook,  thie  apricot  having  been  re- 
garded by  the  Romans  as  an  early 
variety  of  peach.  Praecoqua  was 
changed  into  late  Gr.  wpatKOKtov,  which 
passed  into  Arabic  as  harqftq,  and  this, 
with  the  article  al  prefixed,  into  Spanish, 
as  albaricoque,  whence  Ital.  albercocco, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Apricot) ;  apricot-tree. 

*  Albiglio  M.\  a  kind  of  vine. 

Albinaggio  (Albinato)  in.  (L.  alibi  natus)\ 
i.  the  right  of  the  exchequer  to  escheat  the  property 
of  a  deceased  foreigner.  2.  law  prohibiting  aliens 
from  succeeding  to  property. 

*  AlbinazzayC;  a  variety  of  white  grape. 
Albino  m. ;   person  with  white  hair  and  pink 

eyes. 

*  Albio    ;//. ;    i.  =  Conca,    basin.      11.  =  Trogolo, 
trough. 

*Albire  m.\  a  variant  of  Arbitrio. 

Albis;  Domenica  in  — ,  Sunday  after  Easter; 
Settimana  in  — ,  Easter  week. 
•Albitro  >».',  v.  *Arbitro. 

Albo  (L.  albus) ;  i.  white  (skin  of 
a  fig  or  plum).  2.  slightly  drunk.  3.  as 
sb.  album. 

*Albogreco  m. ;  dog's  excrement,  once  used  as 
a  medicine  when  the  dog  was  fed  on  nothing  but 
bones. 

*Albone  ;«.;  rug. 
Albopale  »/. ;  white  opal. 

*Albora/;  (;««/.)  leprosy,  usit.  Lebbra. 

Alb6re  /«.;  twilight.  *i.  white  of 
the  eye.  ii.  =  Albero. 

Alborella/;  bleak,  v.  Avola. 
t  Alboro  m. ;  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  PageUp  (2). 
*Alborotarsi  (Arabic  borod,  tumult);  to  rise  m 
rebellion. 

*  Albuccio  m,;  poplar  tree. 

Albuginey^;  (///«/.)  whiteness  in  the  cornea  of 
the  eye. 

Albugineo  ;  i.  whitish.  Umore — ,  the  vitreous 
humour  of  the  eye.  2.  as;£.;  membrane. 

A'lbula  /.;  (vet.)  cataract  in  the  eyes  of  dogs 
which  have  been  allowed  to  stay  by  the  fire. 

Albume  ;«.;  i.  white  of  egg.  Prov.  Valer 
torlo  e  — ,  lit.  to  be  worth  the  yolk  and  the  white; 
i.e.  to  be  worth  everything.  2.  (oof.)  perisperm. 

Albumina/;  (c/iem.)  albumen. 

Albuminato;  albuminous. 

Albumo  m. ;  (bet.)  the  outer  and  youngest  fibres 
of  the  inner  bark  of  trees. 

Alburno  /«. ;  sap-wood. 

Albutan  ;  a  group  of  stars  in  Aries. 

Alcayi;  auk,  A  lea  ititpennis. 

Alcaica  /  (from  Alcaeus  the  Greek  poet); 
alcaic  ode. 


Alcangi  or  Alcanzt  »/.  //.  ;  Turkish  cavalry. 

Alcaram  m.  ;=  Alcorano,  the  Koran. 

Alcarazas  m.  (Arabic  al-kurraz,  an  earthen 
vessel  without  a  handle);  alcarraza,  a  porous  vase 
for  cooling  water. 


aiu  uue. 

A'lcal-i  m.  (Arabic  al,  the  ;  aa&,  ashes  of  salt- 
wort,  which  abounds  in  soda);  (cAem.)  alkali.  Aff. 
•imetro,  -fno,  -izzare. 


ICllU,    -IIIW,    -i/.idic. 

Alcanna  (Alchenna)/  (Arabic  al,  the  ;  ftinna, 
v.  Enne);  (tot.)  i.  —  vera  degli  Arabi,  henna  plant, 
Lafwsonia  alba.  2.  —  spuria,  dyers'  bugloss,  An- 
chusa  tinctoria ;  both  plants  are  also  termed 
Arganetta. 


Alee  m.  (L.  alces^  —  Gr.  a\K.^  elk; 
cp.  O.H.G.  elaho  and  Gr.  *Aa<£or,  stag, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Elk)  ;  i.  elk,  Cervus  alces. 
2.  —  americano,  moose. 

Alcea  f.\  (bot.)  i.  hollyhock,  Althaea  rosea, 
also  termed  Malvarosa.  2.  marsh  -mallow,  Althaea 
ojfficinalis. 

Alcedine  f.  (Gr.  aA/cywi/);  a  genus  of  birds 
including  the  kingfisher,  Alcedo  hispida^  v.  Piom- 
bino  (8). 

Alchechenge  in.  (Arabic  word)  ;  (bot.)  i.  winter 
cherry,  Physalis  alkekengi^  also  termed  Ciljegine, 
Palloncine,  Vescicarie.  2.  —  sonnifero,  somniferous 
winter  cherry,  Physalis  somntfttra. 

Alchemilla  or  Alchimilla  /;  (bot.)  lady's 
mantle,  Alchimilla  vulgaris. 

*  Alchenna;  v.  Alcanna. 

Alchermes  m.  (Arabic  al,  the  4-  qirmiz,  grub, 
v.  Chermes);  a  kind  of  sweet  drink,  coloured  red 
with  kermes  dye. 

*  Alchiero  nt.\  a  measure,  about  half  a  bushel. 
Alchim-ia  f.    (Gr.    vijM-«t*   with    the    Arabic 

article,   v.    Chimica)  ;    i.    alchemy.     2.  Jig.   art   of 
deception.     Aff.  -ista. 

Alchimiflay^;  v.  Alchemilla. 

*  Alchorndco  or  Alcornoco  m.  (Span,  alchor- 
ftt"/ui;  cork);    i.    cork.     ii.    an  American  medicinal 
bark  from  a  species  of  Byrsonima. 

Alcibiadio  or  Alcibi6ne  m.  \  (bof.)  viper's 
bugloss,  Echium  vttlgare. 

Alcina  /.  ;  a  character  in  Orlando  Furioso  ; 
hence,  a  seductive  woman. 

Alci6ne  (A)  m.  (Gr.  aXxuwv,  king- 
fisher) ;  i.  sea-gull,  king-fisher,  or  any 
aquatic  bird  for  which  a  poetic  name 
is  desired.  2.  man  bowed  with  age. 
(B)  f.  ('AX*cu6i>i;  in  Greek  mythology)  ; 
Halcyone,  one  of  the  Pleiades. 

Alcionei;  i.  m.  pi.  a  class  of  polyps.  2.  adj.\ 
halcyon  (days)  of  warm  weather  in  winter. 

Alcion&lla  f.\  a  species  of  fresh  water  polyp. 

Alcidrrio;  i.  m.  a  marine  substance  produced 
by  polyps,  formerly  believed  to  be  the  substance 
composing  the  nest  of  the  Java  swallow,  v.  Salan- 
gana.  2.  adj.  ;  i.q.  Alcioneo. 

Alcioniti  m.  pi.  ;  fossil  polyps. 

Alcmanio;  Metro  —  ,  metre  employed  by  the 
Greek  poet  Alcman,  viz.  an  iambic  less  the  last 
syllable. 

A'lcool  m.  (Arabic  word,  meaning  very  fine 
powder  for  blackening  the  eye-lashes;  the  name  was 
given  afterwards,  but  not  in  Arabic,  to  the  spirit  of 
wine  on  account  of  its  fineness)  ;  alcohol. 

Aff.  Alcool-ico,  -ismo,  -izzare. 

Alcorano  m.  (Arabic  al,  the  ;  aurd»t  reading); 
i.  the  Koran.  2.  tower  annexed  to  mosques  in 
Persia. 

*  Alcornoco  ;//.  ;  v.  Alchornoco. 

Alcbrza  f.;  a  compound  burnt  for  the  sake  of 
its  perfume. 

Alc6va  or  Arcbva  (Arcoa)  f.  (Arabic  al,  the; 
gobb&h,  dome);  alcove. 

*  Alcunamente;  in  no  wise. 
Alcunche  /«.;  a  little  bit. 

Alcuno  (L.  aliquis  uttus);  in  sing,  and  with  a 
negative,  any;  Non  c1  c  —  ,  there  is  nobody  here. 
In  pi.  some. 

*Alcuranio;  an  old  lyric  metre. 

*  Aldace;  =  Audace,  bold. 

*Aldia  (Aldiana)  /  Aldio,  (Aldione)  m.  (mlt. 
atdius,  cp.  Germ,  halten,  E.  hold);  semi-slave,  serf, 
in  Lombardy  in  the  middle  ages. 

Aldino  ;  Aldine.  Aldus  Manutius  was  a  Venetian 
printer  who  in  1490  invented  the  kind  of  type  called 
italics,  from  its  dedication  by  Aldus  to  the  states  of 
Italy. 

t  Aldire;  =  Udire,  to  hear. 

Ale  ;  a  word  of  no  meaning  in  the  phrase  Ale 
ale  Indovina  quel  ch'  egli  e,  i.e.  guess  my  riddle. 

Alea/.  (L.  alea,  die);  (leg.)  con- 
tingent risk.  Corre  1'  —  ,  the  risk  is 
running.  *dicing. 

Aled-tico  pop.  Leatico  (Liatico)  j 
name  of  a  Tuscan  grape  and  wine. 

Aleatdrio  ;  relating  to  contingencies 
such  as  those  making  the  business  of 
insurance,  or  even  a  simple  bet. 


26 


ALECE— ALLAGITE 


*  Alece  /  (L.  alec) ;  fish-brine. 
Alef  in. ;  the  Hebrew  A. 

*Alefangino;  aromatic. 

*  Alegazione  f.  ;  =  Legazione,  embassy. 

Aleggiare  ind.  aldggio  (It.  ala, 
wing) ;  to  flutter. 

Ale*ggio  m.-  i.  (w<w.)  =  Alleggio, 
lighter.  2.  —  Tappo,  plug. 

*  Alemanda  (Alemanna)  / ;  a  kind  of  dance  and 
dance -music. 

*  Alemanno  {Gothic  word);  German. 

*  Alenayij-Lena,  breath. 

Alenzdna ;    the  town   Alengon,  in 

Normandy. 

*Alepardo  /w . ;  =  Leopardo. 
*Aleppe  m.\  the  Hebrew  A. 

Aleppina/?;  wool  and  cotton  cloth,  v.  Orleans. 
*Alere  (L.,  root  al,  to  grow);  to  nourish. 

Aleri6ne  m. ;  {herald.)  an  eagle  disarmed,  v. 
Allerione. 

Ales-are  ind.  aldso  (Fr.  altser  for 
aliser,<.lis,  smooth,  v.  Liscio);  to  bore 
out.  Aff.  -atura. 

Alessandrfno ;  i.  ?;/.  verse  contain- 
ing twelve  syllables,  probably  so  called 
from  a  French  poem  in  this  metre  on 
the  life  of  Alexander  the  Great.  As 
adj.:  2.  Alexandrian.  3.  dull  (writings). 
4.  name  of  a  kind  of  velvet. 

*  Alessifarmaco  m.  (Gr.  aAe'f  to,  to  defend ;  <J»dp- 
Ij.aKor.  drug);  antidote. 

*  Alessiterio  m,  (Gr.  aAef^TTjpior) ;  ointment  used 
as  an  antidote  to  poison. 

Ale'tta  ^<?/.  Alietta,/  (dim.  of  Ala) ; 
i.  fin.  2.  iron  brace  or  clam  p.  3.  (anat.) 
side  of  the  nose  or  flap  of  the  ear. 
4.  (mar.}  fashion-piece,  one  of  the  hind- 
most timbers  which  terminate  the 
breadth  and  form  the  shape  of  the 
stern,  5.  (watckm.)  Alietta  della  pira- 
mide,  the  check  piece  which  stops  the 
winding  when  the  watch  is  wound  up. 
6.  (mil.)  small  troop.  7.  (mech.)  tooth 
in  the  periphery  of  a  wheel.  8.  a  cluster 
of  fine  feathers  on  the  toe  and  behind 
the  wings  of  a  bird. 

Alettato;  (herald.)  (fish)  with  fins  of  different 
colour. 

AlettoyC;  one  of  the  Furies,  Alecto.  Sonar  la 
tromba  d'  — ,  to  blow  the  trumpet  of  Alecto,  i.e.  to 
arouse  discord. 

Alett6ne  ;«.;  -i  di  rollio  (»tar.\  wash-boards. 

Alfa  f.\  i.  the  Greek  A.  *Monsiu  — ,  the 
Grand  Duke.  z.  esparto  grass,  v.  Giunco  (9,  a 
and  19). 

Alfabet-o  in.  (L.<the  first  two  letters  of  the 
Greek  alphabet);  alphabet.  Perderl'  — ,  to  lose  the 
thread  of  one's  argument.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

*Alfana/!  (Span,  alfatta  from  Arabic  al,  the; 
fannan,  wild  ass);  i.  steed,  ii.  Arab  horse,  iii.  (iron.) 
ambling,  clumsy  horse,     iv.    tall,  thin  woman. 
*Alfanetta  (Alfanica)_/;  an  African  hawk. 
*Alfasi  m.  (the  word  may  have  been  invented  by 
Tasso  from  amphisboena,  Gr.  a/u<£>i,  both  ;  /JaiVw,  to 
go,  the  Libyan  serpent  which  could  move  either  head 
or  tail  foremost);  —  algente,  cold  snake. 

Alfenite  m.\  a  composition  of  copper,  zinc  and 
nickel,  invented  by  Halphen  in  1850  to  imitate  silver. 

Alfiere  (Alfido,  Alfino,  Alifido)  m. 
(Span,  alfereS)  from  Arabic  al-faris^ 
rider) ;  I.  standard-bearer.  2.  (mar.) 
midshipman, sub-lieutenant.  3.  at  chess, 
knight. 

Alfieriano ;  in  imitation  of  Alfieri. 
Alfine ;  adv.  finally. 

*Alfino  ?^.;  =  Alfiere,  knight  at  chess. 

*  AlfonsinayC;  astronomical  table. 

*  Alfonsino  m. ;   a  Neapolitan    coin  worth  two 
carlini,  or  about  a  shilling. 

Alga  or  A'liga  f,  (L.);  (bat.)  i.  sea-weed 
thrown  up  on  shore,  v.  Alghe.  2.  —  di  Chiana, 
or  —  cornicolata,  water  tape  grass,  Vallisneria 


spiralis.     3.    —  lesimna,  marsh  quill  wort,   fsoetes 
lacustris.     4.    —  marina   de'   vetrai,   glass   wrack, 
Zosfera  marina,  also  termed  Fieno  marino. 
*Algaria  (AIgheria)_A;  ostentation. 

Algaz&lla./;  the  leucoryx  antelope. 

A'lgebr-ayC  (Arabic  al-jebr,  combination);  asE. 
Aff.  -icame"nte,  -ico. 

Algebrista  m.\  algebraist.     *  =  Abbachista. 

Algedine  f.  (Gr.  dAyeu/,  to  hurt);  (med.)  in- 
flammation of  the  neck  of  the  bladder. 

Algente  (L.  algeo,  to  be  cold);  very  cold. 

*  Algere ;  only  found  in  *perf.  alsi.  I  was  cold. 
*Algerina  f. ;   small  cape  worn  in  the  Middle 

Ages. 

*Algerino;  i.  Algerian,  ii.  outlandish,  iii.  pi- 
ratical. 

Alghe  /  //. ;  growing  sea-weed,  v. 

Alga. 

*Algheriay;;  i.g.  Algaria,  ostentation. 

*  Alghiero  »?.',  a  measure,  about  half  a  bushel. 

Algido;  cold,  esp.  of  the  coldness 
of  cholera. 

Alg6re  m. ;  icy  coldness. 

*  Algorismo(Algoritrno) m.  (Gr.  dptfl/xo?,  through 
an  Arabic  form);  algebraical  calculation. 

Algdso ;  abounding  in  sea-weed. 

All ;  7/.  Ala. 

Alibare;  to  lighten,  v.  Allibbo. 

A'libi  m. ',  (leg-)  alibi,  proof  of  innocence  by 
showing  that  the  accused  was  elsewhere  at  the  time 
when  the  offence  was  committed. 

*  Alica  f.\=  Alga,  sea-weed. 

*  Aliccio    m.    (etym.    dub,    perhaps    L.    licium, 
girdle);   helmet-strap. 

Alice  f.  (etym.  dub.  perhaps  <  L.  alec,  fish- 
brine);  i. —Acciuga,  anchovy.  2.  (med.)  the  pimple 
which  precedes  the  formation  of  the  pustules  of 
small-pox. 

*Alicetta  f.\  \.  dim.  Alice.  ii.  a  kind  of 
weapon. 

Alichino  «/.;  a  demon  of  Dante's  Inferno,  v. 
Arlecchino. 

*Alicorno  w.;  =  Liocorno,  unicorn. 

*AIidada  f.  (Arabic  al-hadat,  a  sort  of  rule, 
from  hadaj,  to  guide  on  the  right  way,  >mlt.  ali~ 
dado) ;  alidade,  index  on  an  astronomical  quadrant 
shewing  the  degrees  cut  off  on  the  arc  by  the  line  of 
sight. 

Alid-0  (L.  aridus] ;  i.  of  weather  or 
soil,  dry.  2.  Carne  -a,  tough  fibrous 
meat. 

*j.  of  cattle,  lean.  ii.  without  money,  iii.  Pr&v. 
Quel  che  leva  1'  —  1'  umido  lo  rende  ma  quel  che  leva 
1'  umido  1'  —  non  lo  rende,  the  damage  which  drought 
does  is  repaired  by  rain  but  the  damage  done  by  rain 
will  not  be  repaired  by  dry  weather. 

*  Alidorato  (Ala,  dorare);  with  gilded  wings. 

Alid6re  m.  (It.  alido);  drought. 

A'lie  f.  pi. ;  i.  pop.  for  Ali,  wings. 
2.  a  species  of  fish.  3.  —  di  quadri, 
folding  panels  to  cover  a  painting. 

Alieggiare  ind.  alidggio,  frequent. 
of  Aleggiare ;  to  keep  on  fluttering,  or 
fluttering  round  the  same  place. 

Alienare  ind.  alicno(L.);  to  alienate. 

Aff.  Alien-abile,  -abilita,  -atSrio,  person  to  whom 
property  is  alienated,  -atore,  -azlone. 

Alienate ;  mad. 

Alieno  (L.  <  alius,  another)  ;  i.  disinclined  ; 
—  dalla  politica,  with  no  inclination  for  politics; 
Non  son  —  dall'  accord arglielo,  I  am  not  disinclined 
to  do  it  for  him.  2.  fig.  alien  (to  the  matter  under 
discussion).  In  the  literal  sense  of  alien,  foreign, 
Alieno  is  obsolete,  the  modern  word  being  Straniero 
or  Forestiero. 

Alietta/;  v.  Aletta. 

*  AlieuticayC  (Gr.  aAievriK^);  poetry  describing 
the  art  of  fishing. 

*AHfante  m.\  \.  elephant,  ii.  a  musical  wind- 
instrument. 

A'liga/:;  -v.  Alga. 

Aligusta  or  Arigusta/  (Gr.  aXwKos-, 
salt, -r-aoraKos-,  crayfish,  through  a  bit. 
**afycasta}\  lobster. 

Alim6nto  m.  (L.  alimentum<alere,  to  nourish); 
food. 

Aff.  Aliment-are  vb.  or  adj.,  -ario,  -atore,  -atrice. 


Alimo  M.  (Gr.  aflrtv.,  Atjuds,  hunger);  i.  (hot.)  A 
species  of  orache  or  sea  purslane  common  in  the 
hedges  of  southern  Europe,  A  triplex  kalimus, 
2.  as  adj.,  hunger-abating. 

AUmonia  f.\  alimony,  allowance  decreed  by  a 
court  for  a  wife  separated  from  her  husband. 

*Alimurgia  f.  (It.  alimento  and  Gr.  epyoi/) ; 
operation  of  nutrient  substances,  or  lecture  thereon. 

Alfna/  ;  dim.  vezz.  Ala,  wing. 

Alfnea/  (French  word);  I.  inter- 
lineation in  the  draft  of  a  project  of  law. 
2.  first  verse  of  a  poem.  3.  beginning 
of  a  new  paragraph. 

*  Alinevoso  (L.  ala,  niveus,  snowy);  with  snow- 
white  wings  or  sails. 

*  Alione  m.;  angm.  Ala,  wing. 

*Aliosso  m.  (L.  alea,  die;  os,  bone);  knuckle- 
bone used  in  a  boys'  game. 

*  Aliotto  m. ;  edging  round  the  arm  of  a  cassock. 
*AIipardo  m. ;  —  Leonardo,  leopard. 

*  Alipede ;  i.  with  winged  feet.    ii.  As  sb.  horse. 
Aliquot-o    (L.    aliquot,    a    few);    i.    Parte    -a, 

aliquot  part,  a  fraction  of  a  quantity  which  has  unity 
for  its  numerator,  thus  six  shillings  and  eight  pence 
is  an  aliquot  part  of  a  pound.  2.  (mus.)  suoni  -i, 
overtones  (ttsu.  concomitant)). 

Alise-0  (cogn.  Span,  alisios^  prob.  <. 
old  Fr.  alis,  smooth,  v.  Liscio).  Venti  -i, 
trade  winds. 

Alism-ay^  or  -o  »/. ;  water-plantain,  v.  Pian- 
taggine. 

*Aliso  w.\  i.  =  Fioraliso,  lily.     ii.  =Alisso. 

Alisso  »/.  (L.  alysson<.Gr.  a\vtr<rov < a.  priz>., 
Aiifoj,  to  hiccup);  (bot.)  rock  mad-wort,  Alyssitm 
saxatile,  also  termed  Cestino  d'  oro. 

Alitare  ind.  alito ;  to  breathe  gently, 
or  of  the  wind,  to  blow  softly. 

Alito  ;;/.  (L.  halitus  <  halare^  to 
breathe,  root  an^  to  blow);  I.  gentle 
breeze.  2.  breath.  3.  Lavoro  fatto 
coll'  — ,  very  fine  work. 

*Sotto  un  riavere  d'  — ,  lit.  with  recovery  of 
breath,  i.e.  continuously. 

*  Alitoso;  with  strong  smelling  breath. 

*  Aliuccia  f.\  dim.  Ala,  wing. 

Aliuzza  f. ;  —  color  bianco,  fly-catcher,  v. 
Balia  (2,  a). 

*AIla  /.  (A),  (O.H.G.  faffa,  temple,  cj>.  Fr. 
Jialle,  E.  hall);  a  piazza  or  market-place.  (B)(O.H.G. 
elina,  cp.  Gothic  aleina,  L.  ulna,  Gr.  wXe'nj,  E.  ell, 
elbow);  the  English  measure,  ell. 

Allacci-are ;  i.  to  fasten  up  with  a 
running  knot,  Laccio.  2.  to  tie  up  in 
any  way.  3.  to  lace  up.  4.  to  catch 
with  a  lasso,  but  not  with  a  snare,  which 
is  Accalappiare.  5.  —  le  acque,  to  col- 
lect water  by  water-works.  6.  —  una 
fune,  to  lengthen  a  rope  by  tying  another 
to  it.  7.  to  tie  up  (the  branches  of  a 
vine),  to  tie  (an  artery).  8.  fig.  to  en- 
snare, deceive.  9.  (skoem.}  —  il  punto, 
to  sew  so  that  the  thread  is  superim- 
posed over  the  two  ends  of  the  knot. 
10.  (mar.}  to  lash.  ii.  to  hold  in  a 
leash.  12.  to  connect  (railway  lines) 
by  shunting  lines.  As  refl.  -arsi :  13.  to 
lace  up  (one's  shoes,  etc.).  14.  -arsela 
alta,  sc.  la  giornea,  lit.  to  lace  one's  robe 
high,  i.e.  to  think  a  great  deal  of  oneself, 
to  be  proud.  15.  -arsela  al  dito,  i.e.  to 
impress  upon  one's  memory. 

*i.  to  secure  a  building  with  ties.  ii.  —  verso 
una  cosa,  i.e.  to  run  to  it  with  great  eagerness. 

Aff.  Allacci-am6nto,  -ante  esp.  in  sense  (5),  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Allacciatura /. ;  i.  v.  Allacciare. 
2.  flannel  belt  for  the  abdomen  (usu. 

Brachiere). 

Allag-are ;  to  form  into  a  lake,  Lago. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

y:;  silicate  of  manganese. 


ALLAMARE— ALLIGAZIONE 


27 


'  Allamare  (It.  lama,  swamp);  of  ground,  to  sink 
and  become  swampy. 

Allampanato  (It.  lampana,  lantern, 
the  skin  being  imagined  to  be  like  the 
membranes  which  used  to  be  employed 
for  lanterns) ;  terribly  thin. 

Allainpare ;  to  rage  with  hunger  or 
thirst. 

Etym.  From  the  form  of  the  word  it  seems  to  be 
<It.  l.uitpo,  lightning,  but  it  is  difficult  to  account 
satisfactorily  for  the  transition  in  meaning. 

Allantbide  f.  (Gr.  oAAai/roei$Tj«,  sausage 
shaped) ;  (until.)  one  of  the  foetal  membranes. 

Allappare ;  to  set  (the  teeth)  on  edge. 

Etyin.  The  modern  Romans  use  the  word  Lappo 
for  sharp  wine ;   cp.   L.  lappago,  a  plant  stated  by 
Pliny  to  have  very  sour  juice. 
t  Allappicarsi ;  to  take  a  nap. 
* Allappolare,  frequent,   of  Allappare;    to  set 
(the  teeth)  very  much  on  edge. 

*  Allare  (It.  alia,  ell);  to  measure. 

Allarg-are  (It.  largo,  wide);  i.  to 
enlarge  (a  dress),  widen  (a  street),  etc. 
2.  to  extend,  spread  out.  3.  to  relax 
(the  severity  of  a  rule);  —  la  mano,  to 
be  liberal,  or  to  spend  too  much  ;  —  il 
cuore,  to  rejoice  the  heart ;  —  la  bocca, 
to  promise  too  much.  4.  (mus.)  to  slow. 
5.  intr.  to  spread,  become  wider. 

As  reft,  -arsi:  6.  —  nelle  spese,  or 
simply  Allargarsi,  to  increase  one's  ex- 
penditure. 7.  of  a  group  of  people,  to 
spread  themselves  out.  8.  to  take  a 
larger  house.  9.  (mar.)  to  put  out  to 
sea.  10.  of  the  sky  when  overcast,  to 
begin  looking  brighter,  n.  —  il  pol- 
mone,  to  expand  one's  lungs  (with  purer 
air).  Part.  -ato.  12.  copious.  13.  (her- 
ald.} expanded  (lily),  with  buds  rising 
from  its  flowers. 

*  i.  =  Allontanare,  to  remove,     ii.  =  Diffondere,  to 
diffuse,     iii.  (mar.)  to  spread  (the  sails),     iv.   —  la 
coscienza,  to  lose  consciousness  of  right  and  wrong. 
As  re/I,  -arsi :  v.  to  give  oneself  up  (to  pleasures). 
vi.    —  con   uno,   to   open  oneself  to   him.     viL    to 
separate   (from   an   associate).      viii.    to    lose    con- 
sciousness of  right,  V.  supra  (iv). 

Aff.  Allarg-amento,  -ata,  slight  and  hasty  en- 
largement ;  -atina,  dim.  of  -ata ;  -at6io,  enlarging 
tool,  esp.  for  giving  the  exact  dimensions  to  the 
barrel  of  a  gun,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Allarm-are,  -e,  -ista:  as  E.  (from  the  soldier's 
call,  All*  arme,  to  arms !). 

Allasc-are;  to  slacken,     -ato  =FoIle,  loose. 

Allato ;   adv.  beside.  -   close 

beside. 

Allatt-are  (It.  latte);  to  suckle. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

t  Allazzerire ;  of  meat  when  being  cooked,  to  be 
touched  by  the  fire. 

t  Allazzire  ;  i.  to  be  tired,     ii.   to  be  surprised. 

Alleanza/ ;  alliance. 

Allearsi  (Fr.  allier<L.  ad-ligare); 
to  be  allied. 

*  Allebbiare ;  to  contaminate. 

t  Alleccolo  <«.j  =  Leccornia,  tit-bit. 

AUeccornire  (t  Alleccorire)  (It.  lec- 
cornia) ;  to  stimulate  (the  appetite)  with 
delicacies. 

*  Alleficare ;  to  cultivate  (plants). 
•Allegacciare;  to  bind  strongly. 

Allegare  ( Alligare)  ind.  allego.  (The 
word  has  three  sources :  ist  L.ad-fegare, 
for  the  further  etymology  of  which  v. 
Legge,  2nd  It.  a  +  Lega,  alloy,  v.  Lega, 
3rd  L.  ad-ltgare,  to  tie,  which  is  akin 
to  a  Sanskr.  root  lingh,  to  embrace ;  it 
is  not  quite  clear  how  all  the  various 
meanings  of  the  word  are  connected 


with  the  several  origins,  though  some 
are  plain  enough);  i.  to  adduce,  bring 
up  (witnesses,  excuses,  etc.).  2.  to  alloy 
(metals).  3.  of  a  fruit,  to  develop 
properly  when  the  flower  drops  off,  to 
set.  Intr. :  4.  to  adhere,  e.g.  when  the 
blade  of  a  knife  or  pair  of  scissors  sticks 
to  an  article  which  it  is  desired  to  cut. 
5.  to  take  root  and  flourish.  6.  tr.  or 
intr.  —  or  Fare  —  i  denti,  to  set  the 
teeth  on  edge  by  eating  sour  grapes  or 
hearing  the  squeaking  of  a  slate  pencil, 
etc. 

*i.  to  tie  up.  ii.  to  prove,  t>.  supra  (i).  iii.  —  i 
denti,  to  feel  hungry,  iv.  to  be  suitable:  Fava  e 
mela  coll1  acqua  allega,  beans  and  apples  with  water 
is  a  suitable  thing. 

Aff.  Alleg-abile,  -agione,  v.  Allegare  (3),  -amento. 

•Allegata  y^;  enclosure  accompanying  a  letter. 

AUegato  m. ;  document  accompany- 
ing another.  *ally. 

Allegazidne  / ;  i.  assemblage  of 
proofs.  2.  allegation. 

Allegger-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  leggiero) ; 
i.  to  lighten  (a  load)  by  removing  part 
of  it.  2.  fig.  to  relieve,  e.g.  a  troubled 
conscience,  to  lighten  (taxation),  etc. 

3.  —  la  mano,  to  press  less  heavily  (in 
writing)  or  fig-  to  treat  with  less  severity. 

4.  to  train  (a  horse)  to  be  light  in  its 
movements.      As   refl.  -irsi :    5.    to  be 
lightened.     6.  to  put  on  lighter  clothes. 
7.  -ito  di  mente,  crazy. 

Alleggio  or  Aleggio  m. ;  (mar.) 
lighter,  for  discharging  vessels  which 
cannot  go  alongside  of  the  wharf. 

fAlleghire;  v.  Allegare  (5)  and  (6). 

Allegoria  f.  (Gr.  oAAiryopi'a  from  aAAos,  other, 
ayopeuto,  to  speak) ;  allegory.  *  —  Allegazione. 

Aff.  Allegor-icamente,  -ico,  -ista,  -iziare. 
t  Aliegrire  ;  v.  Allegare  (6). 

Allegro  (cogn.  old  Fr.  alaigre,  Pro- 
venc,.  alegre  <  L.  alacer,  v.  Alacre) ; 

1.  contented,  cheerful.     2.  merry  from 
wine.     3.  (mus.)  quick,  lively. 

Aff.  Allegr-amente,  -amento,  -are,  to  cheer  (HSU. 
rallegrare),  -etto  dim.,  in  music,  less  quick  than 
allegro,  -ezza  or  -ia  sb.,  -occio  dim.,  -onaccio  or 
-one,  a  kind  of  cheerful  booby,  -uccio  dim. 

Alleluia  X;  i.  a  Hebrew  word  introduced  into 
Latin  by  S.  Jerome,  meaning  Praise  God;  Vecchio 
quanto  1'  — ,  i.e.  very  old;  Fino  al  giorno  dell'  — , 
for  ever.  2.  sorrel,  Oxalis  acetosetla,  so  called  from 
the  fact  that  it  blossoms  at  Easter  time. 

•Per  1'  — ,  at  Easter.  L'  —  ogni  mal  fuia,  i.e. 
spring  drives  trouble  away.  Auguri  dell* — ,  Easter 
greetings. 

*Allemanda  _/. ;  i.  a  piece  of  solemn  music, 
ii.  a  certain  German  dance  tune  formerly  in  vogue. 

Allen-are  ind.  alteno;  (A)  (It.  lena, 
breath);  i.  to  train  (a  horse)  for  a  race. 

2.  to  invigorate.     3.   intr.  to  gain  en- 
durance. 

(B)  (It.  lene);  to  lose  vigour.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Allen-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  lene,  mild); 
i.  to  soften.  2.  -irsi,  to  be  tired,  slack. 

Allentagione/;  rupture,  v.  Allent- 
are  (7). 

Allent-are  ind.  allento  (L.  lentus) ; 
i.  to  slacken  (a  rope  or  bandage),  to 
loosen  (one's  clothes),  to  reduce  the 
speed  or  intensity  of.  2.  —  la  vena 
(med.),  to  bleed  to  a  slight  extent.  3.  to 
deliver  (a  blow).  As  refl.  -arsi :  4.  of  a 
steep  road,  to  become  less  steep.  5.  of 


a  rope,  etc.,  to  become  slack.  6.  to  go 
more  slowly.  7.  (med.)  to  rupture  one- 
self, to  have  a  loop  of  intestine  descend 
into  the  scrotum  or  thigh.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 
Allentaturay:;  i.q.  Allentagione. 

*  Allenzare  (It.  lenza);  to  bandage. 
"Alleonarsi  (It.  leone)  ;    to  take  the  form  of  a 

lion.  Alleonati,  an  expression  used  of  a  thing  which 
it  is  desired  should  assume  a  particular  shape.  The 
allusion  is  to  the  story  of  a  painter  who  cried  out  to 
his  sketch  intended  for  that  of  a  lion,  Alleonati,  Be 
like  a  lion  ;  and  however  much  he  touched  and  re- 
touched it  and  ordered  it  to  be  like  a  lion  it  remained 
unlike  one.  (T.  and  B.) 

*Alleppare;  i.q.  Leppare. 

tAlleprarsi;  to  take  a  nap. 

Alleruinc  (Alerione)  m.  ;  (/urald.)  an  eagle 
disarmed,  i.e.  without  beaks  or  claws,  with  its  wings 
outspread. 

*  AHessare  (old  L.  lixa,  water);  to  boil. 

Allesso  or  A  lesso  adv.;  boiled,  v. 
Lesso.  Prov.  Chi  la  vuole  —  e  chi 
arrosto,  one  likes  it  boiled  and  another 
roasted,  i.e.  tastes  differ. 

Allest-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  lesto)  ;  i.  to 
prepare,  get  a  thing  ready  in  all  its 
details.  2.  —  il  passo,  to  walk  quicker, 
usit.  Allungare  il  passo.  Aff.  -imento. 


.  .  . 

*  Alletamare  (It.  letame);  to  spread 

*  Allettaiuolo  nt.  ;  decoy-bird. 


manure. 


Allett-are  ind.  alletto  (A)  (It.  letto, 
bed);  to  lay  down  in  bed,  or  of  wind, 
to  lay  growing  crops  on  the  ground. 
Part,  -ato,  bed-ridden. 

(B)  (L.  ad-lectare<lacio,  to  entice, 
v.  Laccio)  ;  to  allure. 

*to  cherish.  Ond'  esta  ottracotanza  in  yoi  s1  al- 
letta,  why  is  this  insolence  to  be  found  in  you  ? 
D.  Inf.  9.  93. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ativa  attractiveness,  -ativo  at- 
tractive. 

Alletterato  (It.  lettera);  well-edu- 
cated. 

Allev-are  (Allievare)  ind.  allevo  (It. 
a,  levare)  ;  to  rear. 

Aff.  -am6nto,  -ata,  bringing  up  animals  by  hand, 
-atura. 

Allevi-are  ind.  allevio  (L.,  v.  Lieve);  as  E. 
Aff.  -amento. 

*Allevime  m.  ;  =  Allevata,  rearing. 

*  Allezzare  (It.  lezzo);  to  stink. 

Alliaria/  ;  (liot.)  Jack-in-the-hedge,  Erysimuni 
alliaria. 

Allibare;  (»/wr.)=Libare,  to  lighten. 

Allibb-ire  or  Allib-ire  ind.  -isco 
(L.  lividus  through  some  form  **ad- 
lividare)  ;  to  be  astounded. 

Allibbo  HI.  ;  lightening  a  ship,  v.  Allibare. 
Allibrare  (It.  libro);  to  enter  in  a  book. 

*  i.  to  put  a  valuation  on.     ii.  to  enter  in  the  list 
of  ratepayers. 

Alticciare;  i.  to  arrange  the  warp-  lines,  Licci. 
2.  to  wind  the  warp.  lines  on  the  weaving  staff,  v. 
Liccio.  3.  to  set  the  teeth  of  a  saw  with  the  saw- 
wrest  (licciaiola)  so  that  the  alternate  teeth  may  turn 
a  little  outwards  from  each  other;  this  is  also  termed 
Far  la  strada  alia  sega,  to  make  a  path  for  the  saw. 
tto  go  straight  away,  go  away  quickly. 

*  AlHcere  ;  only  in  3rd  sing,  allice,  (he)  entices. 

*  Allichisarsi  ;=Lisciarsi,  to  clean  oneself  up. 

*  Allidere  perf.  allisi,  part,  alliso  ;   i.   to  smite. 
ii.    to  run  aground. 

Allietare  ind.  allieto  (It.  lieto);  to  cheer  up. 

*  AlUevare;=Allevare,  to  bring  up. 

Alliev-0  m.,  -&  f.;  i.  nursling. 
2.  pupil.  3.  sucking  calf  or  foal. 

*  Alligare.  =  Allegare. 

Alligatdre  m.  (Sp.  el  lagarto,  the  lizard,  <L. 
lacerta,  which  is  prob.  <  lacertus,  arm,  root  lact  to 
curve);  as  E. 

*  Alligazione  f.  (L.  alligatio,  tying  together); 
(tnatk.)  i.  medial  alligation,  teaching  the  method  of 
finding  the  price  or  quality  of  a  mixture  of  several 
ingredients  whose  prices  and  qualities  are  known. 
ii.  alternate  alligation,  teaching  the  amount  of  each 
ingredient  which  is  to  be  employed  so  as  to  produce 

4—2 


28 


ALLIGNARE— ALMUZ1A 


.1  mixture  of  given  price  or  quality.  The  rule  is 
named  from  the  method  of  connecting  together  the 
terms  by  certain  ligature-like  signs. 

Allignare  (It.  legno,  therefore  orig. 
to  grow  into  wood) ;  of  plants,  to  do  well. 

•Allignamento  m. ;  \.  doing  well.     ii.  making 
a  new  settlement  into  a  permanent  city. 
fAllillare;  =  Far  dei  daddoli,  v.  Daddolo. 
*Allimbicco  m. ;  =  Lambicco,  alembic. 

Allindare  (It.  Undo,  neat) ;  to  adorn, 
esp.  of  a  writer,  to  make  neat  phrases. 

Alline-are  (It.  linea);  to  set  in  line. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Allirare ;  to  assess  to  the  tax  known  as  Lira. 
Alliscare  (It.  Hsca,  the  coarse  part  of  flax);  to 

roughen  the  step  of  a  carriage. 

Aliiscatoio  m. ;  a  kind  of  gouge  for  roughening 
carriage  steps. 

•Allisione/.  (It.  allidere);  i.  knocking  together, 
ii.  hiatus  of  two  vowels  like  that  of  the  a's  in  "  pucka 
appointment." 

*  Alliso  fart.  Allidere. 
*Allistare(Allistrare);  i.  to  ornament,  esp.  with 

fringes  or  ribbons,  v.  Lista.  ii.  of  a  beard,  to  fall  as 
it  were  in  ribbons  upon  the  chest. 

*  Allitare  (L.  litus,  shore)  ;  to  go  on  shore. 

Allitterazidne/ (It.  lettera);  i.  al- 
literation. 2.  a  pun.  3.  punning  trans- 
position of  letters,  such  as  Donna  danno. 

Allivell-are  z'w^.allivello  (It.  livello); 
(leg.}  to  let  at  a  ground-rent.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Allivid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  livido) ; 
to  turn  pale. 

tAllocchire;  to  be  dumb. 

AUocc-0  m.,  -a  /  (bit.  uhtcus,  v. 
Ululare) ;  i.  long-eared  owl,  Strix  ofus, 
also  termed  Gufo  selvatico,  Strige 
allocco.  2.  —  bianco  =  Barbagianni, 
white  owl.  3.  —  di  palude  =  Gufo  di 
palude,  short-eared  owl. 

Aff.  Allocc-accio pegg .,  -herello  dim. ,  -one  augm. 

AUocut6re  m.  (L.  loqitor,  v.  Loquela);  public 
speaker.  Ajf.  Allocuzion-e,  -cella  dim. 

A116di-o  m.  (mlt.  allodium,  <  O.H.G.  al,  all, 
and  <W=A.S.  end,  possession,  cp.  the  E.  termination 
-head,  -hood,  which  also  appears  in  modem  Germ. 
Klfinod,  gem,  lit.  small  possession);  (leg.)  land 
held  in  absolute  ownership,  not  a  feoffment  or  feu 
held  under  some  lord  paramount.  Aff.  -ale,  -alita. 

Ailddola  f.\  i.  — ,  or  —  maggiore=LodoIa, 
lark.  2.  —  dei  prati  =  Tottavilla,  wood-lark. 

Allogamdnto  m. ;  letting,  v.  Allogare  (2). 

Allogare  hid.  al!6go  or  alluogo  (It. 
luogo,  logo);  i.  to  place;  —  cure,  to 
take  pains,  —  fatiche,  to  take  trouble ; 
—  una  figliola,  to  give  a  daughter  in 
marriage.  2.  to  let  to  a  tenant.  3.  to 
place  out  at  interest.  4.  to  commission 
(for  a  work  of  art). 

Allogazi6ne^:;  i.  i.q.  Allogamento.  2.  com- 
missioning, ?'.  Allogare  (4). 

Alloggi-are ;  tr.  or  intr.  to  lodge,  v. 
-o.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

A116ggio  ;«.  (bit.  logium,  v.  Loggia) ; 
lodging,  quarters.  Prov.  La  bottega 
non  vuole  — ,  a  shop  does  not  want 
(to  be)  lodgings,  does  not  want  its  cus- 
tomers to  stay  after  they  have  done 
their  buying. 

Allogliato  (It.  loglio) ;  i.  full  of 
tares.  2.  (med.)  poisoned  by  eating 
tares.  3.  stupid. 

•Allogorare;  to  train  (a  hawk)  to  come  back  to 
the  lure,  Logoro. 

Allombato  (It.  lombo);  of  a  horse, 
strong  in  the  loins. 

tAllondrito;  =  Agghindato,  well-dressed. 

*  Allongare ;  =  Allontanare. 


Allontan-are  (It.  lontano);  i.  to 
send  far  away.  2.  to  inspire  with  dis- 
like, e.g.  for  lessons.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Allopatia  f.  (Gr.  iAAon-aflifc,  influenced  by 
another);  (tued.)  allopathy.  Aff.  Allopatico. 

Alloppi-are  ind.  alloppio  (It.  oppio) ; 

1.  to  put  opium  into.     As  refl.  -arsi : 

2.  to  go  to  sleep.     3.  to  stay  instead  of 
going  away  when  the  matter  in  hand  is 
finished. 

*Alloppicarsi;  =  Allpppiarsi. 
t  Alloppio  ;«.;  — Oppio,  opium. 

Alldra  adv.  (It.  all'  ora,<L.  ad 
illam  horanf);  i.  then.  2.  D' — ,  just 
now,  lately;  Latte  munto  d'  — ,  milk 
just  drawn.  3.  D'  —  in  poi,  thereafter, 
from  thenceforward.  4.  Per  • — ,  for 
the  time  being.  5.  Di  qui  — ,  from 
now  till  then.  6.  Fin  d'  — ,  so  long 
ago  as  that.  7.  Ora  per  — ,  now  for 
then,  i.e.  beforehand ;  Ve  lo  dico  ora 
per  — ,  I  tell  you  beforehand.  8.  Allora, 
allora,  only  just  this  moment.  9.  - 
come  — ,  just  exactly  then.  10.  —  si; 
Se  lo  contradice  —  si  che  si  ostina,  if 
he  is  contradicted,  he  only  gets  more 
obstinate. 

Allorchd  or  Allorquando  adv. ; 
when,  at  the  time  when. 

Allorinayl;  the  name  of  a  variety  of  olive. 
Allorino  adj.  or  dim.  sb.\  v.  Alloro. 

A116ro  m.  (L.  laurus);  i.  bay  tree, 
Laurus  nobilis,  also  termed  Alloro  degli 
eroi  or  de'  poeti,  Orbaco.  2.  —  spinoso 
=  Agrifoglio,  holly.  3.  -  -  benzoino, 
Benzoin  odorifcrum.  4.  --  d'  India, 
oleander.  5.  —  tino,  laurustinus,  Vi- 
burnum tinus,  also  termed  Lentaggine, 
Legnolano.  6.  as  adj.  name  of  a  variety 
of  pear. 

•Allotta  adv.;- Allora,  then,  v.  Otta. 

Allottare  ind.  allotto;  to  sell  in  a 
lottery,  v.  Lotto. 

Allucchettare ;  to  padlock,  ?/.  Luc- 
chetto. 

Allucciolato;  bespangled,  "glace""  (silk),  v. 
Lucciola. 

Alluciare  (It.  luce) ;  to  gaze  eagerly. 

Allucignol-are  ind.  allucignolo  (It. 
lucignolo,  wick) ;  to  crumple  up  a  cur- 
tain, a  coat,  etc.,  like  the  wick  of  a 
lamp,  -arsi,  of  clothes,  to  be  crushed 
out  of  all  shape. 

Allucinare  (It.  luce);  to  dazzle,  to 
deceive. 

Aff.  Allucin-atore,  -azione  hallucination. 

Alluday!  (L.  aluta,  leather  dressed  with  alum); 
tawed  leather,  white  kid,  prepared  from  lamb,  kid, 
or  even  sheep  skin,  by  dressing  in  alum,  cj>.  Aluta. 

Alliidere  per/,  allusi,  fart,  alluso  (L.  allude); 
to  allude. 

Alluraacare  ind.  allumaco  (It. 
lumaca) ;  i.  of  a  snail,  to  leave  the 
mark  of  its  slime  where  it  has  been 
creeping.  2.  to  make  any  shiny  mark. 

Allumacatura  /;  i.  mark  of  a 
snail.  2.  fig.  a  dubious  kind  of  repu- 
tation as  a  poet.  3.  mark  left  on 
clothes  which  have  been  imperfectly 
pressed  to  remove  their  shininess. 

Allumare  (A)  (It.  lume);  to  illu- 
minate. (B)(It.  allume);  to  treat  leather 
in  alum,  v.  Alluda. 


*i.  =Aocchiare,  q.v.  ii.  to  set  fire  to,  to  light  la 
candle).  iii.  Jig.  —  le  candele,  to  be  boastful. 
iv.  (mil.)  to  fire.  ty.  of  a  strong  light,  to  dull  the 
eyes,  so  that  on  going  into  a  dark  place  one  can 
hardly  see. 

Allume  m.  (L.  alumeri)  ;  alum. 
—  di  rocca,  native  alum. 

Allumi&ra/  ;  alum-works. 

AlluminayC;  i.  alumina,  oxide  of  aluminium. 
2.  silicate  of  alumina,  china  clay. 

Allumin-are  ind.  allumino  ;  (A)  = 
Illuminare.  -ato,  of  a  bird,  sighted,  as 
opposed  to  one  that  has  been  blinded. 
(B)  to  treat  with  alum. 

*i.  to  restore  sight  to  (the  blind),  ii.  to  kindle  (a 
fire),  iii.  —  Miniare,  to  .illuminate  (a  book),  iv.  to 
adulterate  (wine)  with  alum.  v.  as  sb.  -  Luminaria, 
illumination. 

Alluminatura/  ;  treating  with  alum. 

Alluminio  m.;  aluminium. 

Allumin6so  ;  containing  alum. 

Allumite  f.\  alum-stone,  a  mineral  found  in 
the  trachytic  tufa  of  Tolfa  and  Monte  Dora,  con- 
taining large  quantities  of  alum. 

•Allunazioney:;  (mar.)  the  hollow  of  a  ship's 
hull. 

Allunga  f.\  i.  glass  vessel  used  in  distilling. 
2.  (com.)  atlonge,  slip  of  paper  pasted  on  at  the  foot 
of  a  bill  of  exchange  to  make  room  for  further 
endorsements. 

Allung-are  (It.  lungo);  i.  to  pro- 
long. 2.  to  mix  water  with  any  other 
drink.  3.  —  il  collo,  to  be  kept  waiting. 

4.  —  le  mani,  to  reach  out  the  hands. 

5.  —   il    viso,   to    have   a    long    face. 
Intr.  :   6.   of  the  hair,  to  grow  longer  ; 
of  a  boy,  to  grow  taller.     7.  —  i  piedi, 
pop.  to  die.     8.  -arsi,  to  stretch  oneself 
out.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

*Allungiare;  to  remove. 

Allungo  m.;  (sliaem.)  strip  of  leather  placed  at 
the  heel  of  a  last  to  raise  it  or  to  lengthen  the  boot. 

Allup-are  (It.  lupo);  i.  to  be  as 
hungry  as  a  wolf.  Part.  -ato.  2.  of  a 
horse,  bitten  by  a  wolf.  3.  of  skins 
hung  up  to  dry,  gnawed  (by  wild  ani- 
mals). Aff.  -atura,  gnawing. 

Allus-i6ne,  -ivo,  as  E.;  -apart,  of  Alludere. 
*AIlutare;  =  Lutare,  to  lute. 

Alluvi6n-e  f.  (L.  illuvies,  inunda- 
tion <ad,  lucre,  root  low,  to  wash,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  755);  flood.  Terra 
d'  —  ,  alluvial  ground.  Aff.  -ale. 


Alma/  ; 


,  soul. 


Almage'sto  m.  (Arabic  al-jnadschisti,  which  is 
Gr.  /leyt'cmj  with  the  article,  from  Ptolemy's  2v»ra£is 
^<ryi'cmj,  which  was  translated  into  Arabic)  ;  almagest, 
the  treatise  on  geometry  and  astronomy,  composed 
by  Ptolemy. 

Almanacc-are  ;  i.  to  indulge  in  fan- 
tastical dreams.  2.  to  puzzle  one's  head. 
Aff.  -hio,  dreaming;  -one,  dreamer. 

Almanacco  m.  (elym.  vnkn.)\  almanack. 
Almancp  ;  fop.  for  Almeno. 

*  Almandino  m.  =Alabandina,  garnet. 
•Almansore  m.  (Arabic  word    for  defender); 

ruler.     —  del  centro,  ruler  of  hell,  i.e.   Satan. 

*  Almea  f.  (Arabic  a'  limeh,  trained)  ;  Egyptian 
dancer  or  singer. 

Alm^no  adv.  •  at  least. 

Alrno  (L.  almus,  kind;  root  al,  to 
nourish,  lit.  therefore  nutrient);  (poet.} 
glorious,  renowned. 

'Almuziay:  (bit.  almutimn,  cp.  Proven9.  al- 
mussa,  Fr.  aumusse,  cap,  11.  Skeat,  sui  Amice,  no.  2)  ; 
fur  cap,  one  of  the  four  articles  distinguishing  the 
canons  of  a  cathedral. 


ALNO— ALTRO 


29 


Alno  m.  (L.  alntts);  i.  =  Ontano, 
alder.  2.  -  -  nero  =  Frangola,  buck- 
thorn. 

*Alo  ;;/.;  =  Alone,  halo. 

A16  adv.;  i.  Hullo!  the  call  on  the  telephone. 
2.  pop.  prov.  Sant'  Alu  che  prima  mori  e  poi  s'  am- 
inaK>,  who  died  first  and  was  ill  afterwards,  said 
when  things  occur  at  the  wrong  time. 

Aloe  m.  (Gr.  aXorf,  from  the  Semitic  languages) ; 

1.  (tot.)  aloe,  of  any  species.     2.  (»«•'/.)  aloes,  the 
inspissated  juice  of  the  same.     Aj§f.  Aloitico. 

Aloe  m, ;  (hot.)  aloes-wood.  This  is  a  tree,  the 
Excoecaria  Agalloca,  and  has  nothing  to  do  with 
the  aloe,  the  plant. 

Aldgeno  m.  (Gr.  aXs,  sea,  yeVe<rt«,  breeding); 
(chfm.)  halogen,  i.e.  chlorine,  bromine,  or  iodine. 

Alone  m.  (A)  (L.  halus,  Gr.  a\u>s, 
orig.  the  sun's  disc,  further  etym.  un- 
known); halo  in  the  sky. 

(B)  (It.  ala,  wing);  (mil.)  i.  lunette, 
or  detached  bastion  in  fortifications. 

2.  the   part   of  a   gun-carriage   which 
bears  the  gun. 

Alopecia  f.  (Gr.  aAcuireicia,  orig.  manginess  in 
a  fox,  oAwirij£ ,  producing  bare  patches  in  its  fur) ; 
falling  off  of  the  hair  from  the  head. 

Alopia  /.;  —  codalunga,  long-tailed  shark  or 
sea-fox,  Squalus  vitlpes,  locally  termed  Volpe,  Pesce 
volpe,  Pesce  bandiera,  Pei  ratu. 
*Alore  m.  ;  =  Odore,  smell. 

Aldsa  /  (L.  alausa,  cp.  Germ.  Else,  Ahe); 
shad,  Alosa  vulgaris,  a  smalt  river  fish.  Local 
synonyms: — Sardena,  Ceppa,  Cheppia,  Agona. 

*Aloscia  f.  (Spanish  word);  lemonade  with 
honey. 

Alpaca  (Paco)  m.  (the  Peruvian  name  paco, 
with  the  Arabic  article  al,  passed  into  Italian  through 
Spanish);  the  alpaca  goat. 

Alpe  /  (L.  Alpes,  prob.  akin  to 
albus,  white,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Alp);  i.  high 
mountain.  2.  in//,  the  Alps.  3.  Esser 
sceso  dell'  alpe,  to  be  from  the  moun- 
tains, i.e.  of  unpolished  manners. 

Aff.  Alp-estre  or  -igiano ;  i.  Alpine.  2.  rough 
in  manners;  -iniimo,  -inista,  -ino. 

Alquanto  (L.  aliquantus,  i.e.  alins 
qiiantus) ;  some. 

*  Alsi;  perf.  of  Algere,  to  be  cold. 

*  Aid ;« Alfred,  likewise. 
A'lsinayC;  (bat.)  star-wort,  Stellaria. 
Altaforte  ;    the    castle   of    Hautefort,    in    the 

modern  department  of  Dordogne,  which  belonged  to 
the  troubadour  Bertrand  de  Born.     D.  Inf.  29.  29. 

Altale"n-a  /  (corr.  of  L.  -altus  + 
tolleno,  sweep,  <  tollere,  to  raise,  cp. 
Altalevo) ;  i.  swing-board,  swinging 
on  a  fulcrum  at  its  middle  point.  2.  fig. 
changeableness,  ups  and  downs.  Aff. 
-are,  to  swing. 

'Altaleno  m. ;  {mil.)  i.  a  kind  of  swing-board 
used  for  hoisting  soldiers  to  a  level  with  the  top  of  a 
wall.  ii.  catapult. 

*  Altalevo   m. ;    "sweep,"  pole   swinging  on   a 
fulcrum  for  drawing  water  in  a  bucket  out  of  a  well. 

Altam^nte  ;  7/.  Alto.  Lo  disapprove 
— ,  I  tell  you  distinctly  I  do  not  ap- 
prove of  it.  Sentire  —  di  se,  to  have 
a  keen  sense  of  personal  duty  and 
dignity. 

•Altana/  (It.  alto,  high);  open  gallery  on  the 
roof  of  a  house. 

*Altano;  i.  m.  southerly  wind.  ii.  adj.  high 
up,  not  blowing  near  the  ground. 

•Altanto  w.;  =  altrettanto,  the  like  number. 

Altar-e  m.  (A)  (L.  altare,  altar,  vie. 
as  the  structure  on  which  the  burnt 
offerings  were  laid.  Altare  is  from  a 
root  ale,  to  burn,  cp.  Sanskr.  alatam, 
fire-brand,  L.  ad-ol-ere,  to  burn  sacri- 
fices, the  a  of  the  root  changing  in 
Latin  into  o,  as  in  ad-olesco<roo\.  al, 
to  nourish.  V.  Walde,  sub  Adoleo)  ; 


altar.      i.       -    maggiore,    high    altar. 

2.  Scoprir  gli  -i  or  gli  altarini,  v.  Al- 
tarino.    3.  Scoprire  un  —  per  ricoprirne 
un  altro,  to  uncover  one  altar  and  cover 
up  another,  i.e.  pay  off  a  debt  by  in- 
curring   another.       4.    Fare    un    con- 
tr1  altare,  to  try  to  ruin  an  enterprise  by 
starting  a  rival  one.     5.  —  d'  una  cal- 
daia,    fire-bridge    in    the    combustion- 
chamber    of    a    boiler,    also    termed 
Muretto  del  forno. 

(B)  (Arabic  al-tair,  the  flyer);  a 
star  in  the  constellation  Aquila. 

Altarin-o  in. ;  i.  dim.  Altare.  2.  ar- 
rangement of  sacred  figures  in  a  private 
room.  3.  Scoprire  gli  -i  or  gli  altari, 
to  show  up  secret  intrigues  carried  on 
by  a  man,  e.g.  with  his  employer's  ene- 
mies ;  if  altarino  is  the  word  used  it 
may  refer  to  trivialities.  4.  Far  gli  -i, 
of  children,  to  play  at  church-going. 

Altarista  in. ;  canon  in  charge  of  the  High 
Altar  at  the  church  of  SS.  Peter  and  Paul. 

*  Altauro  m. ;  high  wind  from  the  mountains. 

*  Altazzaso  (Altezzoso);  proud. 

Altea  f.  (Gr.  oAftu'o) ;  mallow,  Althaea 
officinalis. 

Alter-are  ind.  altero  (bit.  alterare 
<  L.  alter,  another,  <  alius,  different, 
and  the  comparative  suffix  ter  =  Gr. 
•Tfpos,  Goth,  thar,  Sanskr.  tara,  which 
gave  Goth,  anthar,  Sanskr.  antara, 
equivalents  of  the  Latin  alter ;  cp.  E. 
another) ;  i.  to  alter.  2.  Quel  puzzo 
m'  -a  lo  stomaco,  that  smell  turns  my 
stomach.  As  refl.  -arsi :  3.  to  get  angry. 
4.  to  get  drunk. 

Aff.  Alter-abile,  -abilita,  -amentp,  -ativo  (wed.) 
alterative,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -azioncella  dim. 

Alterc-are  ind.  alterco  (L.  <  alter); 
to  have  an  altercation.  Aff.  -azi6ne, 
-o,  vbsbs. 

Alter&za/ ;  the  virtue  of  pride. 

Alterigia/;  haughtiness. 

Altern-amente,  -ame'nto,  -are,  -atam£nte, 
-ativa,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -o,  as  E. 

Alt6r-o  or  Alti6r-o  (It.  alto);  proud. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

Alte'tto;  i.  dim.  Alto.  2.  v.  Al- 
ticcio. 

Alt6zza  f.;  i.  height.  2.  fig.  lofti- 
ness of  thought.  3.  as  a  title,  Highness. 
4.  thickness  (of  a  book).  5.  breadth 
(of  a  roll  of  cloth).  6.  depth ;  —  viva, 
depth  of  running  water;  —  morta,  depth 
of  still  water.  7.  Essere  all'  -  dei 
tempi,  to  be  up  to  the  level  of  the 
times.  8.  (geogr.)  latitude. 

Alticcio  ;  merry,  from  drinking. 

Altiero  ;  i.q.  Altero,  proud. 

Altimetr-o  (L.  <x//ws,  +  Gr.  jueVpof);  instrument 
for  measuring  heights.    Aff.  -ia. 
*Altino  ;«. ;  west  wind. 

Altipiano  m. ;  lofty  plateau. 

*  Altire  ;  to  rise. 
Altisonante;  resounding. 

Altitonante ;  in  Homeric  translation,  high 
thundering  (Jupiter). 

Altitudme/;  height. 

Alto  (A)  (L.attus) ;  I.  high.   2.  deep. 

3.  Mare  — ,  high  sea,  high  waves.    4.  in 
—  mare,  on  the  high  seas.    5.  of  a  book, 
thick.     6.  of  a  roll  of  cloth,  wide.     7.  — 
Italia,  Asia,  etc.,  the   higher   parts   of 


Italy,  Asia,  etc.,  i.e.  above  the  level  of 
the  sea.  8.  of  a  river,  the  upper  parts 
of  its  course;  L'  —  Nilo,  the  upper 
Nile.  9.  of  the  moveable  Feasts  of  the 
Church,  late;  Quest'  anno  il  carnevale 
e  — ,  Carnival  falls  late  this  year. 
10.  Far  cascare  da  — ,  fig.  to  exagge- 
rate the  difficulty  of  obtaining ;  La 
grazia  e  stata  finalmente  accordata,  ma 
1'  han  fatta  cascar  da  — ,  pardon  was 
granted  at  last  but  they  made  a  great 
deal  of  difficulty  about  it.  ii.  Rifarsi 
da  — ,  to  be  done  again  from  the  be- 
ginning. 12.  Levarsi  in  — ,  fig.  to 
become  proud.  13.  Guardare  alcuno 
d'  —  in  basso,  to  look  down  upon,  to 
regard  with  a  patronising  air.  14.  Fare 

-  e  basso,  to  give  the  orders,  assume 
the  principal  authority ;  Molti  critici 
tedeschi  fanno  —  e  basso  degli  autori 
classici,  e  mutano  e  tagliano  e  aggiun- 
gono  a  loro  capriccio,  many  German 
critics  deal  with  the  classical  authors 
just  as  they  please,  changing,  cutting 
out  or  putting  in  according  to  their 
fancy.  15.  Alto  alto,  about;  Di  qui  a 
Firenze  ci  saranno  —  —  venti  miglia, 
it  is  about  twenty  miles  from  here  to 
Florence.  16.  Ad  alta  voce,  aloud. 

17.  Avere  degli  -i  e  bassi,  to  have  ups 
and  downs. 

(B)  (Germ.  halt<halten,  to  hold); 
halt !  stop  ! 

*  i.  —  e  basso,  irregularly,     ii.  Fare  —  e  basso,  to 
do  completely,     iii.  Fare  —  lieva,  to  run  away. 

Altolocato  (L.  altus,  locus);  highly 
placed  (personage). 

Altopascio  m. ;  i.  (geogr.)  a  place 
in  Tuscany  near  lake  Bientina.  2.  a 
great  eater.  3.  Morir  di  fame  in  — , 
to  be  a  lazy-bones. 

*Al-tore  m.,  -trice./;  i.  =Autore,  -trice,     ii.  = 
Alimentatore,  -trice  feeder. 

*  Altorio  (Alturio)  m.  ;  =  Aiuto,  help. 

*  Altreri  ;=  lerl'  altro,  the  day  before  yesterday. 

Altresl  adv. ;  likewise,  also. 
Altrettanto ;  just  as  much. 

Altri  indef.  pron.  indecl.;  \.  any 
one,  some  people ;  Noi  —  Inglesi,  we 
English.  2.  with  pron.  following,  ex- 
cept ;  Chi  avrebbe  saputoaltri  che  io...? 
Who,  except  me,  could...?  *myself. 

Altrimfjnti  (Altrimente) ;  otherwise. 

A.ltr-o(L. alter,  v.  Alterare);  i.  other; 
Se  —  avviene,  if  something  new  hap- 
pens ;  L'  —  giorno,  the  other  day  ;  L'  al- 
tr1  anno,  about  a  year  ago ;  Quest'  — 
anno,  next  year.  2.  yes,  with  emphasis ; 
Vi  siete  divertito?  Altro!,  did  you  enjoy 
yourself?  Yes,  rather!,  i.e.  immensely. 
3.  Non  e,  Non  sara  — ,  there  is  an  end 
of  it,  there  will  be  no  more  of  it ;  Di 
nulla  nulla  piglia  subito  fuoco  ma  vol- 
tati  in  la,  non  e  — ,  he  fires  up  at  nothing 
at  all  but  it  is  soon  over  and  there  is 
an  end  of  it.  4.  Non  ne  far — ,  to  drop; 
Aveva  incominciato  a  trattare  la  vendita 
della  villa  e  poi  non  ne  fece  — ,  he  had 
begun  to  see  about  selling  the  place  and 
then  gave  up  the  idea.  5.  Oh !  questa 
e  P  -a,  this  is  quite  a  different  matter. 
6.  All'  -a,  another  (minute,  or  another 


ALTRONDE— AMAZZONE 


step,  etc.,  and  we  were  done  for,  or  in 
for  it,  etc.) ;  All'  -a  casco,  another  step 
and  I  must  have  fallen ;  All'  -a  gli 
lascio  andare  un  ceffone,  on  the  slight- 
est further  provocation  I  shall  hit  him. 
7.  Per  — ,  however.  8.  Se  non  — ,  at 
any  rate.  9.  ler  1'  — ,  the  day  before 
yesterday.  10.  Senz' — ,  anyhow,  with- 
out waiting  for  anything  else. 

Altr6nde;  i.  D'  —  or  pop.  Altr6r.de, 
on  the  other  hand.  2.  elsewhere. 

Altr6ve ;  elsewhere. 

Altriii  (bit.  altro-huic) ;  one's  neigh- 
bour; seldom  in  nominative.  It  is  used 
without  the  article.  La  roba  — ,  other 
people's  property.  Senza  giovare  — , 
without  benefiting  one's  neighbour. 

*as  sb.  pi.  winds  from  the  mountains,  blowing 
high  up,  not  on  the  ground. 

Altura  /  ;  high  ground. 

*i.  top  of  a  building,  ii.  bodily  height,  iii.  (gtogr.) 
latitude,  iv.  pride,  v.  Persona  di  grande  — ,  engaged 
in  important  business,  vi.  position,  wealth,  vii.  = 
Foia,  lust. 

•Alturio  ?«.;  =  Altorio,  help. 

Alun-are  (It.  luna);  (mar.)  to  cut  the  lower 
side  of  a  sail  into  a  crescent  shape.  Aff.  -amento, 
roach. 

Alunnato  m. ;  the  time  during  which 
one  was  a  pupil. 

Ahmn-o  »/.,  -a  f.  (L.  alumnus  < 
alo);  pupil. 

•Alula/  (L.);  i.  a  kind  of  shoe.  ii.  dressed 
goat-skin.  Cj>.  Aluda. 

t  Aluzzitielli  m. ;  sand-eel,  v.  Ammodite. 

*  Alvano  «/.;  =  Orno,  mountain  ash. 

Alveare  m.  (L.  alvearium);  bee- 
hive (usu.  Arnia). 

•as  vb.  =  Incanalare,  to  bring  (water)  back  to  its 
channel. 

A'lveo  m.  (L.  alveus);  river-bed. 
Mutazione  d'  — ,  (leg.)  change  in  a  river 
bed,  with  the  result  that  the  riparian 
owner  suffers  a  loss  of,  or  gains  an  ac- 
cession to  his  property. 

*i.  sea-bottom,  ii.  channel,  iii.  water  conduit, 
iv.  bottom  of  a  well.  v.=  Alveare,  bee-hive. 

Alveole  m.  (L.  alveolus,  a  small 
cavity);  i.  socket  of  a  tooth.  2.  cell 
in  a  honey-comb.  3.  seed-vessel  of  a 
flower. 

*  in  //.  apertures  which  conducted  hot  air  to  a 
Roman  bath. 

Alvernia./! ;  (geogr.)  Auvergne. 
Alvino;  (med)  abdominal. 

Alvo  m.  (L.);  (med.)  i.  abdomen. 
2.  womb. 

*i.  =Alveo.     ii.  centre,  inside. 

Alzaia  j.  (L.  helciarius,  hauler,  <  helcium,  = 
Gr.  e'Xxtoi',  breast-collar,  <  t  AKW,  to  pull,  v.  Solco) ; 
tow-line. 

Alzana  f.  (var.  of  Alzaia);  (mar.)  hawser. 

Alzanella/:;  i.  (mar.)  dim.  Alzana,  small 
tow-line.  2.  =  Zanella,  gutter  along  the  side  of  a 
road. 

Alz-are  (L.  altus,  through  bit.  **al- 
tiare);  \.  to  raise;  —  le  vele,  to  hoist 
the  sails,  set  sail ;  —  il  gomito,  to  drink ; 
—  i  mazzi,  to  go  away ;  • —  il  bollore,  of  a 
kettle,  to  begin  to  boil;  —  le  carte,  to 
cut  the  cards;  —  il  fante,  to  cut  the 
knave.  2.  to  clear  the  table.  3.  in 
playing  at  ball,  to  serve.  4.  intr.  to 
rise;  of  birds,  to  be  flying  high.  5.  at 
billiards,  Quanto  -a  la  palla,  how  far  is 
the  ball  from  the  cushion  ?  6.  —  il 


mantice,  to  fill  the  bellows  with  air. 
7.  -arsi,  to  stand  up,  esp.  to  get  up  out 
of  bed ;  of  trees,  to  grow  tall ;  of  the 
sun,  to  rise;  also  of  the  wind.  8.  part. 
-ato,  of  clothes,  tucked  up. 

Aff.  Alz-amento,  -atore  (server,  v.  -are  3),  -atura. 

Alzata  f.;  i.  raising.  2.  raised 
bank.  3.  height  (of  a  wall).  4.  —  d' 
ingegno,  cunning  device.  5.  -  -  di 
spalla  or  di  spalle,  shrug  of  the  shoul- 
ders. 6.  —  d'  insegne,  sudden  call  to 
arms.  7.  —  di  scudi,  fig.  declaration 
of  war  by  a  political  party.  8.  (arch.) 
elevation  of  a  building,  design  of  its 
exterior  walls  (usu.  Alzato).  9.  throw 
of  a  piston. 

*  i.  heap.     ii.  Piombar  le  -e,  to  plumb  a  wall,  test 
its  uprightness. 

Alzato  m. ;  (arch.)  elevation,  v. 
Alzata  (8). 

Alzavola  f. ;  teal,  v.  Arzavola. 

Alzo  in.  ;  i.  (shoem.)  in  pi.  the  flat  bits  of 
leather  inserted  in  the  sole  of  a  boot.  2,  sight  of  a 
gun.  3.  (print.)  a  kind  of  riser  placed  inside  or 
outside  a  frisket,  ?'.  Fraschetta,  to  keep  the  sheet 
which  is  being  printed  at  a  uniform  level,  underlay. 

Amabil-e ;  i.  amiable.  2.  lovable.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente. 

Amaca/  or  Amac  m. ;  hammock. 

Etym.  A  native  American  word  through  Spanish 
aniahaca.  Littre  prefers  derivation  <  Dutch  hang- 
inat  or  litingmak,  from  Germ,  hangen,  to  bang,  and 
Matte,  mat,  but  the  Dutch  word  is  only  a  corruption 
of  the  American,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Hammock. 

*Amadeisti  m. pi.',  a  congregation  of  the  Fran- 
ciscan Order. 

*Amadigi  in. ;  an  imaginary  body  of  several 
animals  joined  together. 

*  Amadotta  f.  ',    a    kind    of   pear    ripening    in 
October. 

Amadrfad-a  or  -e  f.  (Gr.  <5/«z8pu<i9, 
from  ap.a,  together,  Spvs,  oak) ;  i.  Hama- 
dryad, a  nymph  whose  life  lasted  during 
that  of  an  oak-tree  which  she  inhabited. 
2.  a  species  of  African  ape.  3.  a  species 
of  poisonous  snake. 

*Amaggio  w.;  =  Amore. 

*  Amagipney^;  =  Magione,  house. 

*  Amagliare ;   to  beat  flax  with  the  Gramola, 
flax-breaker. 

Amalgam-a  in.  ory.  (L.  malagtna,  Gr.  /xoAay- 
/ia,  poultice,  <  /xaAatrtrw,  to  soften)  ;  i.  amalgam, 
mixture  of  mercury  with  another  metal.  2.  mixture 
of  any  kind.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

*  Amalogo  in. ;  a  kind  of  Malabar  pepper. 

*  Amandola/7;  =  Mandorla,  almond. 
*Amandolata  f. ;    i.    a   drink   made   up  with 

almonds,     ii.  any  kind  of  emulsion. 
*Amandorla/:;  =  Mandorla,  almond. 
tAmanime  m.  ;  =  Ammannimento,  preparation. 

Amante  m.;  i.  lover.  2.  in  bad  sense,  para- 
mour. 3.  (mar.)  runner,  tye,  the  length  of  chain  or 
rope  used  to  transmit  the  effort  of  a  tackle  to  a  yard  ; 
Amante-taglia,  runner  and  tackle ;  Amante  d'  un 
pennone  di  gabbia,  topsail  tye ;  Amante  di  pan- 
occhetto,  fore  topsail  tye ;  Amante  di  portelli,  port- 
pendant  ;  Amante  di  terzaruolo  d'  una  vela,  reeftackle 
pendant. 

Amantigliare ;  (mar.)  to  top  (a  yard)  with 
tackle  extending  from  the  yard  arm  to  the  mast 
head,  to  place  (a  yard)  in  an  oblique  position. 

Amantilla  f.  ;  garden  valerian,  Valeriatia 
phtt,  also  termed  Valeriana  de'  giardini. 

Amanuense  m.  (L.);  secretary. 
*Amanza/T;  i.  love.    ii.  mistress,     iii.  desire. 

*  Amanzo  m. ;  swain. 

Amaracciola/7  (L.  amartts,  bitter);  Spanish 
broom,  Spartivm  scoparium,  7'.  Ginestra. 

Amarac-o  m.  (Oriental  word  through  Gr. 
ijiapaKOv) ;  wild  marjoram,  v.  Erba  (5).  Aff.  -ino, 
made  with  marjoram. 

Amaramente;  bitterly. 

Amarantini  m.  pi. ;  (bot.)  globe  everlasting, 
v.  Perpetuino  (f). 

Amaranto  m.  (L.  amarantus,  Gr.  a  priv., 
/xapat'cto,  to  decay);  i.  love-lies-bleeding,  a  garden 
flower,  Amarantlnts  caudatus,  v.  Fiocco  (8),  or 
other  species  of  amaranth.  2.  —  erbaceo,  Virginian 
poke-weed,  T.  Erba  (7). 


Amarantino;  amaranth  coloured,  crimson. 
Amarant6ide/T;  i.  —  globosa  (bot.),  i.q.  Ama- 
rantini.    2.  a  variety  of  cherry. 

Amarasco  (Marasco,  Amarino)  m. 
(L.  amarus,  bitter);  the  egriot  or  sour 
cherry  tree,  Prunus  cerasus  marasca. 
Its  fruit  is  that  from  which  Maraschino 
is  made. 

Aff.  Amarasc-a  the  fruit,  -ato  (wine) 
made  from  the  fruit,  -hino  the  liqueur 
Maraschino. 

Amare  (L.,  v.  Amore);  to  love. 
*i.    —  d'  amore  or  per  amore,  with  an  impure 
love.     ii.    —  di  bando,  without  return. 

Amareggi-are  (Amarezzare)  ind. 
amare'ggio  (It.  amaro);  to  embitter, 
-arsi,  to  feel  bitter. 

tAmare'ggipla  /;  =  Amarella. 

Amarella  /  (It.  amaro);  common 
fever-few,  Matricaria  parthenium. 

*Amarena  yl;  =  Marena,  lemonade  made  with 
Maraschino. 

Amare'tto  or  Amarino  (It.  amaro); 
i.  m.  macaroon.  2.  as  adj.,  dim.  of 
Amaro. 

Ainar-ezza  / ;  v.  -o. 

Amarezzare  (A);  =  Amareggiare. 
(B) ;  =  Marezzare,  to  marble  (paper, 

etc.). 

Amaricante  m. ;  I.  (med.)  a  bitter 
tonic.  2.  in  pi.  bitters. 

*Amariglio;  yellowish. 

Amarilli  / ;    i.    (bat.)  Amaryllis,  a  family  of 
plants  including  daffodils  and  snowdrops.     2.  shep- 
herdess, from  the  Amaryllis  of  Virgil's  Kclogues. 
'Amarinayi;  v.  Amarena. 
Amarino;  i.q.  Amaretto.     *=  Amarasco. 
Amar-itudine  /;  scherz.  for  Amarezza. 

Amaro ;  bitter.  —  sale,  excessively 
salt.  Un  giorno  fa  la  minestra  sciocca, 
e  un  altro  la  fa  amara  sale,  one  day  she 
will  make  the  soup  insipid  and  the  next 
far  too  salt. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  amars,  Fr.  amer,  Span. 
amargo  (<** amaricits),<\i.  amartts  for  ** amasus, 
bitter,  akin  to  Gr.  u/io;,  raw,  Sanskr.  amas,  raw, 
amlas,  acid,  O.H.G.  ampher,  bitter,  <  Germ.  Am- 
pfer,  sorrel. 

Amar-6gnolo;  dim.  of-o. 

Amarr-a  /;  (mar.)  cable.  Aff. 
-are,  to  moor. 

Etym.  Fr.  amarre,  vbsb.  of  a-marrer,  to  moor, 
<  Dutch  maaren,  to  fasten,  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Mar, 
Moor  vb. 

Amarume  »/.;  bitter  stuff. 
*Amasi-o  m.,  -a/7;  =  Ganz-o,  -a,  lover. 

Amatist-a  or  Ametista/7  (Ametisto  w.)(Gr. 
a^e'^uo-TOs  <  a  prtv.t  juefo'w,  to  be  drunk,  the  stone 
having  been  credited  with  the  virtue  of  preventing 
drunkenness) ;  amethyst.  Aff.  -ino,  amethyst 
coloured. 

*  Amatita/?;  =  Ernatita,  haematite. 

*  Amatito  »/.;  =  Cinabro,  cinnabar. 

*  Amato  (It.  auto,  hook);~Uncinato,  hooked. 

Amat-(5re;«. ;  i. connoisseur.  2. lover, 
in  a  general  sense,  e.g.  of  country  life,  v. 
Amante,  Dilettante.  Aff.  -orio. 

Amattare ;  (mar.)  to  signal  or  shout  for 
assistance. 

t  Amatupire  ;  to  crush  by  blows,  to  bruise. 

Amaur-osiy:  (Gr.);  (med.)  blindness  through 
disease  in  the  retina,  the  appearance  of  the  eye, 
except  to  the  ophthalmoscope,  being  normal.  This 
form  of  blindness  was  formerly  known  in  Italian  as 
(iutta  serena  and  in  English  as  Drop  serene.  Aff. 
-6tico. 

*  Amazione  f.\  love  shewn  by  behaviour,  not  by 
words. 

Amarzone  f.  (Gr.  'A/ia^w**,  a  priv.,  juatjoc, 
breast,  from  the  fable  that  the  Amazons  got  rid  of 
the  right  breast  that  it  might  not  interfere  with  the 


AMBACARE— AMMALIZZIRE 


use  of  the  bow ;  in  works  of  art  the  right  breast  is 
usually  hidden);  i.  Amazon.     2.  lady's  riding  habit, 
t  Ambacare;  =  Abbacare,  to  be  dreamy. 

Ambagi  /  pi.  (L.  ambages,  <  ambi 
=  Gr.  d/i^>/,  about,  a  prep,  only  used  in 
compound  words,  +  ago^  to  act) ;  cir- 
cumlocution. 

Ambarvale  (L.  ambi.  v.  Ambagi,  and  arvum, 
field);  Sacrifizio  — ,  sacrifice  for  the  purpose  of 
obtaining  a  good  harvest.  Gli  -i,  the  sacrifices 
aforesaid,  corresponding  to  the  Christian  Rogations. 

A  m  bascena  f. ;  =  Ambasciata. 

Ambascia/;  i.  difficulty  of  breath- 
ing. 2.  distress. 

Etym.  unkn.  The  suggestions  are: — (i)  ** am- 
bactia  <  L.  ambactus,  servant,  v.  Ambasciatore ; 
(2)  **awfl/iasia<.(jr.  a<£acria  ;  (3)  L.  antbi't  +an.rins 
>  **ambiaxia  >  Ambascia.  The  second  of  these 
seems  to  be  preferred  by  Korttng. 

Ambasciata  f.\  i.  =  Imbasciata,  commission, 
message.  2.  embassy. 

Ambasciatdre  m.\  i.  ambassador.  2.  bearer 
of  a  message. 

Etym.  **  ambactiator  <  L.  ambactus,  vassal, 
dependent  upon  a  lord ;  apparently  borrowed  from 
a  Celtic  word  for  slave,  which  also  furnished  Gothic 
andbahts  and  O.H.G.  ambaht>  slave  (>O.H.G. 
ampkti,  service,  >  Germ.  Amt,  office),  -u.  Ske.it,  sub 
Ambassador. 

Ambasci-atrice,  or  pop.  -atora  /?;  ambassa- 
dor's wife. 

*Ambass-i  or  -o  m.  (L.  ambi;  both,  4-  It.  asso, 
ace) ;  double  aces.  Fare  —  in  fondo,  to  squander 
one's  property. 

Ambediie  (L.  ambo>  duo}\  both. 

Ambeli  te  f. ;  a  bituminous  earth  formerly  used 
to  dye  the  hair. 

*Ambiare(It.  ambio);  to  amble. 

Ambiatura  /  ;  =  Ambio,  ambling. 
Lasciare  il  trotto  per  1'  — ,  to  go  from 
trotting  to  ambling,  i.e.  to  change  for 
the  worse. 

Ambidestro  (L.  ambo,  dextrd) ;  i.  ambidex- 
trous. 2.  fig.  crafty. 

Ambient-e  m.  (L.  ambi-,  round,  v. 
Ambagi,  and  ire,  to  go) ;  i.  surrounding 
atmosphere.  2.  fig.  surroundings,  Fr. 
milieu.  3.  circumference;  II  campo  ha 
un  —  di  mezzo  chilometro,  the  field  is 
half  a  kilometer  round.  4.  room;  Casa 
di  dieci  -i,  a  ten-roomed  house. 

Ambigu-o  adj.  or  adv.  (L.  ambi.,  round,  v. 
Ambagi,  and  ago,  to  act) ;  i.  ambiguous  or  am- 
biguously. 2.  untrustworthy.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

A'mbio  m.  (L.  ambulare,  shortened 
to  **  amb' tare) ;  ambling  pace.  Dar 
P  — ,  to  send  away.  Pigliar  1'  — ,  to 
go  away. 

Amb-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <  ambi-, 
round,  v.  Ambagi,  and  ire,  to  go,  to  go 
round  asking) ;  to  be  ambitious  for 
fame  of  any  kind. 

A'mbito  m.  (L.  ambitus);  i.  cir- 
cuit. 2.  intriguing  for  an  appointment. 

3.  parapet  of  an  ancient  war-chariot. 

4.  (mus.)  compass. 

Ambizi6ney;  (L.  ambitio);  \.  ambition.  z.  in 
women,  desire  to  be  smart.  fe  una  buona  donna  ma 
ha  troppa  — ,  she  is  a  good  woman  but  has  too  much 
ambition  for  being  smartly  dressed. 

Ajf.  Ambizi-oncella  dint.,  -oncina  dim.  sfreg., 
-osaccio  pegg.,  -osamente,  -oselto,  -osino,  -osello 
dims.,  -oso. 

•Ambligomo(Gr.  ifi/SWt,  obtuse ;  yom'a,  angle) ; 
obtuse-angled. 

Ambliopiay:  (Or.  d|i0Ai«,  obtuse;  uifi,  eye); 
dull  vision. 

Ambo  111.  (L.  ambo);  \.  double  in 
the  State  lottery,  the  naming  of  two 
numbers  beforehand  out  of  the  five  that 
are  drawn,  v.  Lotto;  —  dichiarato,  is 
to  name  not  only  two  of  the  numbers 


but  the  places  they  occupy  in  the  draw- 
ing. As  the  numbers  to  be  drawn  range 
from  i  to  90  this  is  about  an  eight 
thousand  to  one  chance.  Non  ci  si 
leva  un  — ,  said  of  a  person  who  does 
not  reply  clearly  to  the  question  of 
what  his  opinion  is  about  some  matter. 
2.  Un  bel  — ,  a  nice  pair,  i.e.  of  rogues. 

Ambdne  in.  (Gr.  a^aiv,  hill);  I.  one 
of  the  two  pulpits  of  the  early  Christian 
basilica.  2.  platform  for  the  performers 
at  a  concert. 

Ambra/  (Arabic  'anbar) ;  i.  amber- 
gris, a  waxy  substance  found  floating  in 
tropical  seas,  valued  for  its  perfume. 
It  is  a  morbid  secretion  from  the  sperm 
whale.  2.  amber,  a  yellow  resin  found 
as  a  fossil  or  on  the  sea  shore.  3.  Ambra 
liquida,  a  sweet  scented  liquid  resin, 
liquidambar  or  liquid  storax  which  ex- 
udes from  the  Liquidambra  sfyraciflua, 
or  sweet-gum  of  America. 

*  Ambracane  m.  (L.  ambrvm  canum);  amber- 
gris. 

*  Ambrare ;  i.  to  smell  of  ambergris,    ii.  to  make 
a  scent  by  burning  it. 

Ambretta  /. ',  i.  (hot.)  (a)  musk  seed  plant, 
Hibiscus  abelmoschits,  also  termed  Semi  d'  ambra, 
Ibisco  muschiato,  Grano  moscato.  (F)  —  gialla,  yellow 
Sultan,  Centaurea  moschata.  (c)  —  de'  campi,  field 
scabious,  7'.  Gallina  (10).  (d)  —  selvatica,  common 
avens,  v.  Erba  (122).  2.  a  variety  o_f  pear  which 
ripens  in  October.  3.  a  skin  scented  with  ambergris. 
4.  a  genus  of  shell-molluscs. 

Ambrogetta  f. ;  small  cube  of  mar- 
ble or  other  substance  for  mosaic  work, 
presumably  from  Ambrogio,  the  name 
of  some  one  noted  for  the  use  of  it. 

*  Ambrogino  m. ;  an  old  coin. 

Ambrosia  /.  (Gr.  a/jt^poo-ta) ;  i.  the  food  of 
the  gods.  2.  wood  germander  or  wood  sage,  Teucrium 
scorodonia  \  the  same  name,  ambrosia,  has  also  been 
given  to  one  of  the  goose-foots,  Chenopodimn  bottys, 
or  oak  of  Jerusalem. 

Ambrosiano ;  of  St  Ambrose.  Inno 
— ,  the  Te  Deum.  As  sb.,  Un  buon  — , 
a  good  Milanese,  St  A.  having  been 
bishop  of  Milan. 

Ambucc-io  m. ;  pegg.  of  Ambo.  A 
forza  d'  -i  quello  sciocco  ha  rovinato  la 
famiglia,  that  fool  has  ruined  his  family 
with  those  wretched  lottery  prizes. 

Ambulante;  walking.  Biblioteca — ,  walking 
library,  i.e.  very  learned  man. 

AmbulanzayC  (Fr.  ambulance);  ambulance. 

Ambulare  ind.  ambulo  (L.);  to  walk  off,  only 
used  scherz.  Dare  1'  ambulo,  to  dismiss. 

Amburgh^se ;  of  Hamburg. 

*Amburo;  both. 

*  Ambustioney^  (L.);  scalding. 

*Amebeo  (L.  amoebaeus  from  Gr.  afttifita,  to 
change);  alternately  answering. 

*  Amedano  m.',~ Ontano,  alder. 

Amello    in.    (L.   amellus);    Italian    star-wort, 
Aster  ameltits,  also  termed  Astro  de'  fossi. 
Amen ;  v.  Ammen. 

*  Amenare  (L.  tttitw,  to  threaten  ;  hence  to  drive, 
with  threatening  cries) ;  i.   to  bring,    ii.   to  strike, 
iii.    to  threaten. 

t  Amendolo  m.;  a  small  fish,  v.  Menola  (i). 
*Amendue  (Amenduni,  Amenduoi,  etc.);  both. 

Amen-o;  pleasant.  Aff.  -amdnte, 
-ita. 

Etym.  L.  amoenus  for  **<ui-fnoenist  near  the 
walls,  suburban,  civilised ;  for  the  meaning  cp.  Germ. 
hfibsck,  •pf&.\.yi<**kiibesch  =  h8Jisch<Hofy  court; 
v.  Walde,  sub  Amoenus. 

Amentaceo ;  (hot.)  with  catkins,  belonging  to 
the  Amentaceae. 

*Amentare;  =  Scemare,  to  turn  silly. 

Amento  in.  (L.  amentum t  thong);  catkin. 

American-o;  as  E.  Vele  all'  -a  or  alia  Porto- 
ghesc,  sliding  gunter  sails,  see  Paasch,  plate  105. 

Ametista/^;  =  Amatista,  amethyst. 


Ametistina  f.\  (hot.)  a  plant  with  bright  blue 
flowers,  Ametkystea  corymbosa. 

Ametrlayi  (Gr.  ojuerpi'a);  want  of  symmetry. 

*  Amezzare ;  to  cut  in  two. 
Amfibio ;-  Antibio,  amphibian. 

*  Amfibplo  w.;  =  Anfibolo  (3). 
Amfizidni  m.  pl,\  =  Anfizioni,  Amphictyons. 
Amianto  m.  (Gr.  a^uacros,  undefiled,  an  epithet 

of  the  sea;  the  mineral  may  have  been  so  termed 
from  its  colour) ;  a  greenish  kind  of  asbestos. 

Arnica  /.;  i.  v.  Amico.  2.  (bot.)  —  di  notte 
tuberose,  v.  Tuberosa. 

Amico  m.  (L.  atnirus,  root  am,  to  love) ;  friend. 
—  Cesare,  friend  Caesar,  i.e.  anybody.  —  CHiegia, 
/./.  —  Cesare,  but  more  scherz.^  or  more  ironically, 
v.  Ciliegia.  Cosa  dall'  — ,  a  first-rate  article,  worthy 
to  be  a  gift  from  a  friend. 

Aff,  Amic-a,  -arsi,  -heVole,  -hevolezza,  -hevol- 
mente,  -izia,  -one. 

Amidina  f.\  dextrine,  the  product  of  the  action 
of  diastase  upon  starch. 

A'mido  in.  (L.  ainyhi ;//  =  Gr.  a/ivXov, 
i.e.  not  ground  at  the  mill.  It  is  prepared 
by  washing  and  sifting,  not  by  grinding) ; 
starch. 

AmigdalayC  (Gr.  a^iuyfioAea,  almond);  (anat.) 
the  lower  part  of  the  cerebellum. 

Amjgdale/;//.;  tonsils. 
*Amineay^;  a  kind  of  vine. 
*Amissi6neyl  (L.);  loss. 
Amistay^;  — Amicizia,  friendship. 
Amitto  (Ammitto)  m,  (L.  amictus)\  amice,  a 
sijuare  linen  cloth  which  a  priest  ties  about  his  neck, 
hanging  down  behind,  under  the  alb,  when  saying 
mass. 

t  Ammacacciare  ;  to  yield  to  squeezing. 

Ammacc-are  (v.  Macco);  i.  to  dent 
or  bruise  a  hard  body ;  La  tazza  d* 
argento  e  cascata  e  s'  £  -ata,  the  silver 
cup  has  fallen  down  and  got  dented; 
Fu  colto  da  una  palla  stracca  e  n'  ebbe 
il  petto  soltanto  -ato,  he  was  hit  by  a 
spent  ball  and  only  got  his  chest  bruised. 

2.  to   pound  or  grind  roots,  etc.,  for 
making  medicinal  preparations. 

Aff.  Ammacc-abile,  -am£nto,  -atura,  -aturina 
dim. 

*  Ammacchiare  ;  i.  to  hide  in  the  woods,  ii.  to 
run  wild,  go  out  of  cultivation.  t=Macchiare,  to 
stain. 

Ammaestrare  (It.  maestro) ;  to 
train,  to  instruct. 

Aff.  Ammaestr-dbile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Ammagli-are  (It.  maglia) ;  i.  to 
cord  up  a  package  so  that  it  appears 
wrapped  in  a  net.  2.  to  have  a  white 
spot  formed  on  the  cornea  of  the  eye. 

3.  to   place  a  wire  net-work  round  a 
glass  the  interior  of  which  is  under  high 
pressure.     4.  (mar.)  to  shackle. 

ti.    to  cord  up  and   seal   a   bale   for  passing   to 
another  custom-house,      ii.    (from   maglio)  to  beat 
with  a  mallet.     *iii.    -arsi,  to  be  caught  in  a  net. 
Aff.  Ammagli-atnra,  *-ata,  netting. 

*Ammaiare  (It.  Maio);  to  decorate  with  green 
boughs. 

Aminainare  ind.  ammaino  (cogn. 
old  Fr.  amainer,  >•  Fr.  amener,  Span. 
amainar  <,  L.  ad,  minare,  to  drive) ; 
i.  to  furl.  2.  to  strike  (the  flag). 
3.  -  -  le  vele,  fig.  to  retire  from  an 
undertaking. 

Ammal-are  ind.  ammalo  (It.  male); 
to  make  (a  person)  ill.  -arsi,  to  fall  ill. 

Ammali-are  ind.  ammalio  ammalii 
amm^lia  (It.  malia);  to  bewitch.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -at<5re,  -atrice. 

Ammalincon-ire  ind.  -isco  (It. 
malinconia);  to  sadden. 

Ammalizz-ire  ind.  -isco (It.malizia); 
to  teach  (children)  mischief,  or  tntr.,  of 


AMMALTARE— AMMODINO 


children,  to  learn  mischief,  -ito,  know- 
ing, cunning,  esp.  of  birds  which  have 
once  been  caught,  v.  Accivettare. 

*Ammaltare;  =  Smaltare,  to  glaze. 

Ammammol-arsi  ind,  m'  ammam- 
molo;  to  fall  asleep  in  one's  chair,  -ati, 
of  eyes,  heavy  with  sleep. 

Etyin.  Either  <  It.  mamma,  ///.  to  fall  asleep  at 
the  breast,  as  a  baby,  or  for  Abbambolarsi,  as  it  were 
to  turn  oneself  into  a  baby. 

Ammandorlat-o  ;  i.  ;//.  =  Mandor- 
lato,  lattice-work.  As  adj. :  2.  opera  -a, 
''''opus  reticiilattitn,"  a  stone  wall  built 
so  as  to  shew  an  end  of  each  stone,  the 
ends  being  square  and  the  stones  laid 
on  one  edge  so  that  the  diagonals  of 
the  ends  are  vertical  and  horizontal. 
3.  of  any  kind  of  work,  diamond  shaped. 

Ammandriare  (It.  mandra);  to  col- 
lect in  droves. 

Ammanett-are  ind.  amman<5tto  (It. 
manette) ;  to  handcuff.  Aff.  -atore. 

Ammanier-are  ind.  ammaniero  (It. 
maniera);  to  cause  affectation.  -ato  = 
Manierato,  affected.  *-ato,  trained 
(hawk).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Ammanire;  v.  Ammannire. 

Ammannaiare  (It.  mannaia) ;  to 
behead. 

Ammann-are  (It.  manna);  to  make 
up  into  sheaves,  -a  che  i'  lego,  make 
up  the  sheaf  and  I  will  tie,  an  expres- 
sion used  to  one  who  is  telling  tall 
stories.  *  =  Ammannire. 

Ammannellare  ind.  ammanello ;  to 
make  up  Mannelle,  skeins  of  silk,  small 
bundles  of  straw,  etc. 

Ammann-ire  ind.  -isco  (either  a  var. 
of  Ammannare  or  <  Mano,  hand) ;  to 
get  ready,  make  up  ready  for  storing, 
etc.  Aff.  -ime'nto,  -itore. 

Ammans-are  ind.  -o,  or  -ire  ind. 
-isco  (It.  manso);  to  tame,  -arsi  reft., 
or  -ire  intr.,  to  recover  one's  temper. 

Ammantare  (It.  manto);  to  cover 
with  a  cloak,  esp.  Jig.  to  cover  (vice) 
with  a  cloak  (of  virtue). 

Ammantellare  ind.  ammantello  (It. 
mantello);  i.  to  cover  with  a  mantle. 
2.  fig.  to  disguise  (a  fault). 

Ammanto  ;//.  ;  poet,  for  Manto, 
mantle. 

*  Ammarcire;  =  Marcire,  to  rot. 

*  Ammarezzare;  =  Marezzare,  to  marble. 

*  Ammaricare ;  =  Rammaricare,  to  grieve. 
Ammarinare  ;  (mar.)  to  man  (a  prize). 

•Ammartellare;  i.  =  Martellare,  to  hammer, 
ii.  Jig.  to  torment. 

•Ammascare;  i.  =  Masticare,  to  chew.  ii.  =  In- 
tendere,  to  understand. 

*Ammascherare;  =  Mascherare,  to  mask. 

Ammass-are ;  to  pile  up,  v.  Am- 
masso.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Ammassellare  ;  =  Ammontichiare,  to  pile  up, 

Ammassicci-are ;  =  Massicciare,  to 
put  the  coarse  stones  on  a  road  which 
are  afterwards  covered  with  finer  metal- 
ling or  gravel. 

*  -arsi :_  i.  to  become  solid,     ii.   to  become  inured 
to  hardships,     iii.  to  learn  by  hard  experience. 

Ammasso  m.  (From  the  same  root 
as  Massa  with  the  prefix  a-  indicating 


collection);  i.  a  confused  heap.  2.  a 
quantity,  esp.  fig.,  e.g.  of  lies.  3.  (min.) 
deposits  of  minerals  found  amongst 
rocks  of  a  different  nature. 

Ammatass-are  (It.  matassa) ;  to 
wind  into  a  skein,  -arsi,  fig.  of  thoughts, 
to  become  confused. 

tAmmattare;  to  rig  (a  ship). 

Ammattime'nto  m. ;  very  laborious 
task.  E  un  — ,  it  is  enough  to  drive 
one  mad. 

Ammatt-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  matto) ; 

1.  to   go  mad.     2.    Fare  — ,  to  drive 
(one)  mad.     3.    to  rack  one's  brains. 

Ammatton-are  (It.  mattone) ;  to 
pave  with  bricks.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Ammattonato  m.;    i.    brick  floor. 

2.  brick  pavement.    Restare  or  Lasciare 
sull'  — ,  i.y.  sul  lastrico,  i.e.  destitute. 
Prov.  E'  c'  e  — ,  le  non  s'  attaccano, 
this  is  hard  ground,  they  do  not  take 
hold ;    i.e.   marvellous   stories   find   no 
credence  here. 

tAmmattura  f.;  all  the  masts  and  rigging  of  a 
ship. 

Ammazzagatti  HI.  ;  worthless  gun 
or  pistol. 

+  Ammazzamariti  tit. ;  long  hat-pin. 

Ammazz-are  (A)  (It.  mazza);  i.  to 
kill ;  —  bestie  e  cristiani,  to  kill  animals 
and  men,  of  one  who  seems  in  a  violent 
rage  but  which  soon  passes  off;  Non  1' 
ha  -ato  la  balia,  his  nurse  did  not  kill 
him,  said  of  a  very  old  man ;  Quel  che 
non  -a  ingrassa,  it  fattens  unless  it  kills, 
of  one  who  eats  everything  indiscrimi- 
nately. 2.  at  cards,  to  beat  with  a  better 
card. 

*(B)  (It.  mazzo)  to  collect  in  a  bunch. 
Ajff.  -amento. 

Ammazzasette  m.  •  braggart. 

Arnmazz-at6io  m.  ;  i.  slaughter- 
yard.  2.  tiresome  affair.  As  adj.:  3. 
tiresome.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura 
slaughterer's  wages. 

*  Ammazzer-are  =  Mazzerare  ;    i.    to   throw  (a 
man)  into  the  sea  with  hands  and  feet  tied,  or  with 
a  weight  tied  to  him.     ii.    to  beat  paste  with  the 
Mazzero,   rolling-pin.      Part.    -ato.      iii.    saturated 
with  water,     iv.    caked  on  the  surface. 

*  Ammazzocchiare ;  to  tie  up  Indian  corn  into 
bunches,   Mazzocchi. 

Ammazzolare  ind.  ammazzolo  (It. 
mazzo) ;  to  make  bunches  of  flowers. 

*i.  to  pick  (flowers),    ii.  to  execute  (criminals)  by 
clubbing. 

Ammelmare  or  Ammemmare  ind.  ammelmo 
(?rammemo(It.  melma);  to  make,  or  become  muddy. 

Animen,  Amen  or  Ammenne  (He- 
brew word) ;  amen.  Prov.  II  troppo  — 
guasta  la  messa,  too  much  amen  spoils 
the  Mass,  i.e.  it  is  possible  to  have  too 
much  of  a  good  thing.  In  un  — ,  In 
men  d'  un  — ,  i.e.  in  an  instant. 

Ammenare  ind.  amme'no ;  pop.  for 
Menare ;  —  un  pugno,  to  give  a  blow 
with  the  fist. 

Ammenc-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  mencio); 
to  make,  or  become,  flabby. 

Ammenda  /  (v.  Ammendare);  i.  a 
fine.  2.  amends.  3.  correction. 

*  Ammendare(L.  cmeHdare<e^rejct+tnendu»t) 
fault,  altered  very  early  as  in  Fr.  and  Provenc.  into 


amendare);    i.   to  make  amends  for.     ii.    to  make 
good. 

Ammenne;  v.  Ammen. 

Ammennicolo  (Amminicolo)  m.  (L. 
adminiculuin,  vine-pole,  from  ad  and 
minor,  to  project) ;  I.  paltry  reason  to 
support  a  bad  case.  2.  straw-splitting 
argument. 

Aff.  Ammennic-otare,  -olio  frcij.  sb.,  -olone, 
-olona. 

Ammensare  ind.  ammenso  (L.  ad, 
mcnsa) ;  to  annex  to  a  bishop's  revenues. 

'Ammentare  (I,,  nii,  mentem);  to  recall. 

*  Ammenticare  (L.  al>,  mentem);  to  forget. 
*Ammesare  (L.   «</,  metisis);   to  pay   by  the 

month. 

Ammesso ;  part.  Ammettere. 

Ammest-are  ind.  ammesto  (It. mest- 
are);  to  lord  it,  stronger  than  Mestare. 
Aff.  -one,  -6na. 

Amme'ttere perf.  ammisi, /terA  am- 
messo  (L.  admittere) ;  i.  to  admit.  2.  to 
allow.  3.  to  assume.  4.  to  incite. 

Ammezz-are  ind.  ammezzo  (It. 
mezzo,  half);  I.  to  half-finish.  2.  to 
half-fill  or  half-empty  (a  vessel).  3.  to 
clip  (words).  4.  to  cut  into  two. 
5.  Tovaglia  -ata,  table-cloth  that  has 
been  used  once  or  twice  since  being 
washed. 

*  i.   to  half-consume,     ii.   to  reduce  to  the  proper 
proportion,     iii.   to  share,     iv.   —  la  via  a  uno,  to  go 
half-way  to  meet  him. 

Animezzato ;;/. ;  two-seated  brough- 
am. 

*Ammezz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  mezzo,  over-ripe); 
tr.  or  reji.  to  become  over-ripe. 

Ammicc-are  (L.  ad,  tnicare,  to 
twinkle) ;  i.  to  wink.  2.  to  make  a 
sign.  3.  at  cards,  =  Accennare,  to  an- 
nounce (the  holding  of  a  certain  card). 
Aff.  -o  sb. 

Amminicolo  m. ;  —  Ammennicolo, 
straw-splitting. 

Amministr-are  (L.  administrare) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -ativamente,  -ativo. 

Aniministratore  m.  ;  i.  as  E. 
2.  (com.}  director.  —  delegato,  manag- 
ing director. 

/^Amministr-atora, -atrice, -azione. 

Ammiragli-O  m.  (mlt.  admiralius, 
from  Arabic  amir,  chief,  with  the  article, 
al-amir);  admiral.  As  adj.  Nave  -a, 
admiral's  ship,  flag-ship. 

Aff.  Ammiragliato.  Isole  dell'  — ,  the  Admiralty 
islands  in  the  Pacific. 

*Ammirante  ;«.  (Arabic  al-amir);  leader. 

Ammir-are  (L.  admiror) ;  to  admire,  -ato, 
amazed. 

Aff.  Ammir-abile,  -abilmente,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Ammirativo;  i.  expressing  admiration ;  Atto 
— ,  gesture  of  admiration.  2.  Punto  — ,  note  of 
exclamation  (!). 

Ammiser-ire  ind.  -isco;  =  Immiser- 
ire,  to  impoverish. 

Ammiss-ione/(L.);  admission.  Aff. 
-ibile. 

* Ammistioneyt  (L.  admixtio);  mixture. 
Ammitto  m.  ;  =  Amitto,  amice. 

Ammobili-are  (It.  mobile);  to  furn- 
ish. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*Ammodare  ;  =  Moderate,  to  moderate. 
Ammodernare ;  to  modernise. 

Ammodino  adv.  (dim.  ammodo) ; 
gently  !  be  careful !,  said  to  one  who  is 
being  indiscreet,  or  rough. 


AMMODITE— AMPOLLA 


33 


Ammodite  in.;  sand-eel,  Anutwdytts  tooiattus, 
locally  termed  Lussi,  Aluzzitielli,  Cicirelli. 

Ammddo  or  A  mbdo;  i.  carefully. 
2.  yes,  emphatically.  3.  Uomo  —  or 
a  modo  e  a  verso,  a  man  of  tact  and 
discretion. 

Ammogli-are  ind.  ammoglio;  to 
find  a  wife  for.  -arsi,  of  a  man,  to 
marry. 

*Ammoinare  (Ammuinare)  (It.  moina);  i.  to 
fondle,  ii.  to  lull  to  sleep,  iii.  to  enervate,  iv.  to 
be  tiresome  to. 

Ammoll-are/W.ammollo(It.rnolle); 

1.  to   dip  in  water;   --   il  bucato,  in 
washing,  to  dip  the  things  in  cold  water 
before    putting   them    in    hot.      2.    to 
slacken   (a   cable).     3.   to   pass   off  (a 
bad  article)  as  good.     4.  =  Vibrare  (un 
colpo),  to  strike  (a   blow).     5.   -arsi  = 
Bagnarsi,  to  get  wet.     6.    Proi>.  Ogni 
acqua  lo  -a,  every  shower  wets  him,  i.e. 
any  difficulty  alarms  him.     *to  soften. 

Ammoll-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  molle); 
to  soften.  Aff.  -imento,  -itivo. 

*  Ammolsare;  to  mix  with  Molsa,  q.v. 

*  Ammoncellare  (It.  moncello);  to  pile  (sheaves 
of  corn)  into  a  heap. 

Ammone;  Corno  o"  — ,  v.  Ammonite. 

Ammoniaca  f.  (<Ammon,  sal  ammoniac  hav- 
ing been  first  obtained  near  the  temple  of  Jupiter 
Ammon  in  an  oasis  in  the  desert  of  Libya,  by 
burning  camels'  Hung)  ;  ammonia. 

Aff.  Ammoniac-ale,  -ato. 

'  Ammoniaco  (Armoniaco)  m. ;  ammoniacum,  a 
resin  used  in  medicine.  It  is  stated  by  Pliny  to  be 
an  exudation  from  a  tree  near  the  temple  of  Jupiter 
Ammon.  The  ammoniacum  of  the  present  day  is 
exuded  from  the  Dorcnia  ammoniacum  and  comes 
from  Persia. 

Ammon-ire  ind.  -isco  (Ammunire) 
(L.  admonere);  \.  to  admonish.  2.  to 
forbid  a  person  from  being  out  of  doors 
at  certain  hours  or  from  being  in  certain 
places.  3.  in  the  Florentine  republic, 
to  disqualify  for  office.  Aff.  -ime'nto, 
-izione. 

Ammonite /.;  ammonite,  a  fossil  shell  so  called 
from  its  resemblance  to  the  horns  on  the  statue  of 
Jupiter  Ammon,  worshipped  as  a  ram. 

Ammont-are  (It.  monte) ;  i.  to  heap 
up.  2.  intr.  to  amount.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Ammonticchi-are  (Ammonticare) 
(It.  monte) ;  i.  to  collect  in  little  heaps. 

2.  intr.  to  be  crowded  together.     Aff. 
-amento. 

Ammonticellare  (It.  monticello); 
to  heap  up. 

Ammorbare  ind.  ammorbo  (It. 
morbo);  i.  to  make  (the  air)  unwhole- 
some. 2.  to  make  ill  with  stench  ; 
Puzza  che  ammorba,  it  stinks  so  as  to 
make  one  ill.  3.  fig.  to  corrupt  the 
morals  of. 

*i.  to  fall  ill.    ii.  to  infect. 

•Ammorbatello;  fig.  mentally  and  morally 
diseased. 

Ammorbid-are,  Ammorbid-ire  or 
pop.  Ammorvid-ire  (It.  morbido) ;  to 
soften,  ///  or  fig.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*Ammorchiato  (It.  morchia);  of  wine  or  oil, 
thick,  muddy. 

Ammorire  (It.  moro);  of  the  sun, 
to  colour  brown. 

•Ammors-are  (L.  admordeo);  to  bite  at.  -ato, 
of  a  wall,  with  the  toothings  left. 

Ammorsellato  m. ;  dish  of  minced 
meat. 

H. 


*  Ammortare  (It.  morte) ;  i.  to  put  out  (a  flame), 
ii.    to  weaken  or  to  wither  (a  plant),     iii.    to  pacify 
(a  tumult). 

Ammortime'nto  m. ;  i.  (med.)  gan- 
grene. 2.  total  loss  of  sensation.  3.  v. 
Ammortire. 

Ammort-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  morte) ; 
i.  of  cold,  to  weaken.  2.  to  tone  down 
(colours).  3.  to  deaden  (a  blow) ;  Gli 
ha  dato  un  colpo  che  se  non  1'  ammor- 
tiva  col  bastone...,  he  gave  him  such  a 
blow  that  if  he  had  not  deadened  it  by 
interposing  his  stick.... 

Ammortizz-are  (bit.  admortiare) ; 
to  pay  off  a  debt,  esp.  a  public  debt,  by 
instalments.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azi6ne. 

Ammorvidire ;  =  Ammorbidire,  to 
soften. 

Ammorzare  ind.  ammorzo  (corr.  of 
Ammortare<It.  morte);  i.  =  Smorzare, 
to  extinguish.  2.  fig.  to  diminish  (anger, 
etc.). 

Ammpsc-ire  ind.  -isco  ( Ammosciare) 
(It.  moscio);  to  become  flabby. 

Ammost-are  ind.  ammosto  (It. 
mosto) ;  i.  to  tread  out  grapes  in  a 
vat,  Bigoncio.  2.  to  press  down  grapes, 
with  the  Ammostatoio,  a  kind  of  wooden 
spade,  when  the  bubbles  produced  by 
the  fermentation  make  them  float  up 
to  the  surface  of  the  must.  3.  intr.  to 
produce  must ;  Quest'  anno  1'  uva  am- 
mosta  moltissimo,  the  grapes  are  yield- 
ing a  great  quantity  of  must  this  year. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Ammostatoio  trt. ;  v.  Ammostare  (2). 
Ammotinare ;  v.  Ammutinarsi. 

*  Ammottamento    in,    (It.    motta) ;  =  Smotta- 
mento,  land-slip. 

t  Ammottito;  =  Acciocchito,  fast  asleep. 

*  Ammozzare  (It.  mozzo);  tr.  or  intr.  of  ground, 
to  dry  into  hard  clods. 

*Ammozzicare  (It.  mozzicare);  to  cut  to  pieces. 

*  Ammozzolarsi  (It.  mozzo);  to  form  lumps. 

Ammucchi-are ;  to  pile  up.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Ammucid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  mucido); 
of  meat,  to  be  musty,  tainted,  almost 
bad. 

Ammuff-ire  ind.  -isco  (Ammuffare) 
(It.  muffa);  to  become  mouldy. 

*  Ammuinare  ;  =  Ammoinare. 

Ammulinare  ind.  ammulfno  (It. 
mulino);  tr.  or  intr. ;  of  the  wind,  to 
raise  a  whirlwind  ;  of  dust,  etc.,  to  rise 
in  a  whirlwind. 

*Ammuricare  (It.  muro);  to  heap  up  a  wall  of 
stones. 

*  Ammusarsi  (It.  muso);  i.  of  ants,  to  rub  their 
snouts  together,    ii.  =  Fare  il  broncio,  to  be  surly. 

*  Ammusire  ;  to  become  surly. 

Ammutin-arsi  (Ammotinarsi)  ind. 
m'  ammutino ;  to  mutiny.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Etym.  bit.  **  movitinare,  freq.  of  L.  mover*, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Mutiny. 

Ammut-  or  Ammutol-ire  ind.  -isco ; 
I.  to  become  dumb.  2.  fig.  of  vines,  to 
suffer  from  the  cold,  to  be  stunted  in 
growth.  3.  tr.  to  put  to  silence. 

A'mnio  m.  (Gr.  a^pio?);  (anat.)  the  membrane 
that  contains  the  foetus. 

Amnisti-a  or  Annisti-a/:  (Gr.  iiunprloL,  for- 
getting);  amnesty.  Aff.  -are. 


Amo  m.,  *pl-f.  Amora  (L.  hamus  — 
Gr.  xaP°s>  root  kamp,  to  bend);  fish- 
hook. Rimanere  all' — ,  to  be  caught. 

*the  turned  up  toe  once  given  to  shoes. 
Amoirre  m.  ;=Moerre,  watered  silk. 
tAmoiare;  to  depress  the  ears,  to  give  way. 

*  Amola   /    (L.     hamula,    liama  =  Gr.    a>ii|) ; 
bucket. 

Amdmo  HI.  (L.  amomum  —  Gr.  a/xto/iop,  < 
Arabic  /uirttamd,</tamrnat  to  warm);  (hot.)  a  genus 
of  tropical  plants  with  heating  or  pungent  properties, 
including  the  cardamom,  etc. 

*  Amora  f.\  old  plural  of  Amo. 

*  Amoraccia  /  ;=  Ramolaccio,  horse-radish. 

Amorazzo  m. ;  love,  in  bad  sense ; 
amour. 

*  Amorca./;  =  Morchia,  dregs  of  oil. 
Am6r-e  m.  (L.  amor);  love.   Farunacosad'  — , 

to  do  a  thing  by  common  consent.  Star  sugli  -i,  to 
be  a  lover  of  the  fair  sex.  Perfetto  — ,  a  species  of 
Rosolio,  or  spiced  drink.  Andare  in  — ,  of  animals, 
to  be  in  season.  Conoscere  d'  —  or  Intendersi  d'  — 
con,  to  have  carnal  knowledge  of.  Prov.  —  del  tarlo 
rode  i  crocifissi,  the  love  of  the  boring-worm  gnaws  a 
crucifix,  said  of  a  selfish  love.  Erba  d'  — ,  (bot.) 
common  bird's  foot,  Ortiittiopus  perpitsillits,  also 
termed  Piede  d'  uccello. 


angin.,  clumsily  affectionate. 

Amdrfo  (Gr.  a/iop^o?) ;  amorphous. 

Amorfno  m. ;  i.  Cupid,  pretty  boy. 

2.  mignonette,  Reseda  odorata.  3.  twisted 
sofa,  shaped  like  an  oa. 

Amor6s-o ;     i.    amorous.       2.     kind-hearted. 

3.  of  an  animal,  affectionate  to  its  master.     4.    of 
music,  soft.    As  s/>.:  5.  sweetheart.    6.  (thfat.) actor 
of  a  lox-er's  part.     Aff.  -amente,  -ino  dim. 

Amoruccio  m.;  dint,  spreg.,  silly  love  affair. 

Amoscino,  Moscino,  or  Muscfno  m.  (either 
<L.  damascinum  or<Arabic  al-mesmas,  cp.  Portug. 
ameixa);  Damascene  plum,  Primus  domestica. 

Amostante  m.  (Arabic  al-musteesu);  the  title 
of  an  A  rabian  governor. 

*  Amotinare;  =  Ammucchiare,  to  heap  up. 

Amovlbil-e ;  removable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Ampelidacee  f.  pi. ;  the  vine  genus  of  plants. 
•Ampelide   (Ampelione)  m. ;  =  Frosone,    bull- 
finch. 

Ampeli6ne  »/. ;  v.  Ampelide. 

Ampelite  f.\  a  black  argillaceous  schist  con- 
taining pyrites. 

Ampelopraso  in. ;  a  kind  of  wild  leek,  v. 
Porrandello. 

Ampere  in.  (from  the  name  of  the  French 
savant);  the  unit  of  quantity  of  the  electric  current. 

Ampio,  Amplio,  or  Amplo  (L.  ampins); 
ample,  large.  Chiesa  ampia,  large  church.  Pauni 
ampi,  too  large  clothes. 

Aff.  Ampi-amente,  -ezza,  Ampl-amente,  Ampli- 
-are  to  enlarge,  -amento,  -ativo,  -azione,  -ficare  to 
amplify,  -ficatore,  -ficatora,  -ficatrice,  -ficazidne. 

tAmpiscicay;  (akin  to  Appiccicare) ;  suck-fish, 
v.  Echeneide  (2). 

Amplesso  ?;/.  (L.  amplexus  from  ambi,fllecto, 
root  plec,  to  bend,  cp.  Gr.  n-Aexaj,  L.  plico,  O.H.G. 
flaktoH,  Germ.  JJecnten,  E.  plait);  setters,  for  Ab- 
braccio,  embrace. 

t  Amplio;  liberal-minded. 

*  Ampoi  adv. ;  -  Poi,  afterwards.  , 

Amp611-a/  (L.  ampulla,  dim.  of  am- 
phora, from  ambi,ferre,  jug  to  be  carried 
by  two  handles);  i.  ancient  glass  de- 
canter. 2.  in  pi.  cruets  for  oil  and 
vinegar.  3.  bubble  made  in  water  by 
a  large  rain-drop.  4.  inflated  form  of 
words.  5.  Aver  il  diavolo  nell'  — ,  to 
have  the  devil  in  the  jug,  i.e.  to  have 
things  going  well.  6.  Parer  il  diavolo 
delle  -e,  i.e.  to  be  loaded  with  tools. 
7.  (med.")  water-blister  from  rubbing  the 
skin.  8.  (herald.)  an  Order  said  to  have 
been  founded  by  Clodovis  in  honour  of 
a  phial  of  balsam  preserved  in  the 
church  of  St  Remigius  at  Reims,  which 
was  miraculously  carried  there  by  a 
dove  for  his  baptism  in  496. 


34 

Ampoll^tta  / ;  i.  air-bubble  in 
glass.  2.  in  pi.  the  bulbs  of  an  hour- 
glass. 

Ampollifcra/ ;  cruet-stand. 

Ampollina  /  ;  i.  dim.  Ampolla. 
2.  in  pi.  the  vessels  containing  wine 
and  water  for  the  priest  when  saying 
mass.  3.  sand-glass. 

Ampoll6s-o;  v.  Ampolla  (4).  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -ita. 

*!Ampomelle  w.;=Lampone,  raspberry. 
*Ampressay:  (Fr.  empressement)\  eagerness. 
fAmpro;  liberal-minded. 

Amput-are  ind.  amputo  (L.<antbi,  and  puto, 
to  prune,  root/w,  to  clean);  as  E.     Aff.  -azione. 
Amuerre/I;=Moerre,  watered  silk. 
Amuleto  m.  (L.,<Arabic  hainalet);  as  E. 
*  Amurca/^Morchia,  dregs  of  oil. 
*An  inter  j.  (L.  an);  eh?,  isn't  it? 

Ana  (A)  adv. ;   Gr.  ava,  throughout,  used   by 

Hippocrates  to  mean  with  equal  quantities  of  each 

drug,    whence    the    modern    medical    usage,    or   its 

abbreviation  a.  a.  or  ad  ana  with  the  same  sense. 

*(B)*&  (Arabic  ana,  effort);  effort. 

Anabattista  m.  (Gr.  avaftairrtfa,  to  dip  re- 
peatedly); anabaptist,  one  who  denies  the  efficacy 
of  infant  baptism. 

Anacamptico  (Gr.);  relating  to  echoes. 
Anacardo  m.\  (bot.)  the  cashew,  Anacardium 
occidentale,  a  West  Indian  and  South  American  tree 
of  the  same  family  as  the  sumach  or  Rhus.  A  kind 
of  wine  can  be  made  from  the  fruit  and  an  edible  nut 
grows  at  the  apex  of  the  same.  V.  Accagiu. 

A'nac-e  or  A'nac-io  (Anice)  m.  (Gr.  O.VKTOV  or 
avyQov,  from  Arabic  anisun) ;  (hot.)  anise,  Pimpinella 
anisum.  -\  in  camicia,  sweetmeats  containing  anise, 
also  termed  Pizzicata.  —  stellato,  star  anise,  the 
fruit  of  the  Illicium  anisatnm,  or  aniseed  tree  of 
China. 

Anaci-ato;  Savoured  with  anise.  Acqua  vite 
-ata,  spirits  so  flavoured,  anisette. 

Anaciclo  m. ;  (bot.)  Spanish  pellitory,  A  nthemis 
pyrethrunt. 

Anacino  m. ;  HSU.  in  //.,  little  comfits  with 
anise  seed  inside. 

Anaciasi/  (Gr.);  refraction  of  light. 
Anacoluto  m.  (Gr.  a^aicoAoutfos,  from  av  priv.t 
aKoXovflos,  follower);  (gram.)  anacoluthon,  want  of 
coherent  sequence  in  a  sentence. 

Anaconda  tn. ',  the  great  South  American 
water-snake. 

Etyin.  Cingalese  kenakandaya,  which  however 
is  not  one  of  the  boas  but  a  long  whip  snake;  the 
name  is  lit.  lightning-stem,  <  hena^  lightning,  -f 
kanda,  stem,  with  suffix  -ya  denoting  the  masculine 
nominal  termination. 

Anacoret-a  tn.  (Gr.  ivaxwpt'w,  to  retire);  her- 
mit, anchorite.  Aff.  -ico. 

Anacre6ntico;  in  the  manner  of  Anacreon. 
Anacronismo  m.  (Gr.);  as  E. 
Anadipldsi/  (Gr.);  repetition,  the  beginning 
a  sentence  with  the  last  word  of  the  preceding  one. 

Anafora  f.  (Gr.)  ;  the  repetition  of  the  same 
words  in  several  successive  lines  or  sentences. 

Anafbrico  ;    i.   ?'.  Anafora.     2.   (med)  emetic. 


AMPOLLETTA— ANGORA 


.      .  .       . 

3.    in  //.,  persons  who  spit  blood. 
Anagallide    m.    (Gr.) ; 


0 ....  ,--,,  (bot.)  pimpernel,  v. 

Erba  (60). 

Anagiri  f.  (Gr.);  (bot.)  stinking  bean-trefoil, 
A  nagyrisfoetida,  also  termed  Fagiolodella  Madonna. 

Anaglifo  m.  (Gr.);  anaglyph,  ornament  in  low 
relief.  Aff.  Anaglittica. 

Anagndst-e  or  -a  M.  (Gr.);  reader,  slave  em- 
ployed in  ancient  Rome  for  reading  aloud. 

Anagog-ia  f.  (Gr.);  i.  mystical  interpretation 
of  a  hidden  meaning  in  the  words  of  Scripture. 
2.  elevation  of  the  spirit  to  God.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico. 

Anagrafe/1  (Gr.);  municipal  register. 

Anagramma  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  Anagram- 
mat-icam^nte,  -ico,  -ismo,  -ista,  -izzare. 

Analda/;  (geogr.)  the  province  of 
Hainault. 

Anale  (It.  ano);  (anat.)  anal. 

Analemma  tn.  (L.  analemma,  a  sun-dial  on  a 
pedestal,<Gr.  afaATj^jna,  support);  i.  a  projection 
of  the  celestial  sphere  on  the  plane  of  the  meridian. 
2.  an  instrument  consisting  of  this  projection  with 
an  horizon  fitted  to  it  for  solving  problems  of  the 
time  of  the  sun's  rising  and  setting,  etc.  3.  a  mark 
usually  in  the  shape  of  the  figure  8  depicted  on  a 
terrestrial  globe  tabulating  the  sun's  declination  on 
any  day  in  the  year. 

Analessiay;  (Gr.  d^oAvn/fis);  (med.)  recovery. 

Analetti  m.  pi.  (Gr.  ayoAeKTos) ;  collection  of 
fragments  of  the  writings  of  ancient  or  little  known 
authors. 


Analfab6t-a  or  -o  m.  (Gr.) ;  person 
unable  to  read  or  write. 

AnalisiyC  (Gr.  ai-oAvo-is);  analysis. 

AJf.  Anal-ista,  -itica  science  of  mathematical 
analysis,  -iticamente,  -itico  (a  mind)  analytically 
constituted,  -izzare,  -izzatore. 

Analog-o  (Gr.) ;    as    E.     Aff.    -ame'nte,   -ia, 

1.  analogy,    2.    proportion,    ratio,    •icame'nte,    -ico, 
-ismo. 

Analto  m. ;  (geogr.)  the  duchy  of 
Anhalt. 

Anam6rfosiy^  (Gr.);  i.  a  certain  optical  dis- 
tortion of  a  figure.  2.  a  change  of  form  in  a 
cryptogamous  plant  consequent  on  change  in  its 
surroundings. 

Ananasso  m.  (from  nanas,  the  native 
Peruvian  name  of  the  fruit) ;  pine-apple. 

Anap6st-o  «/.  (Gr.  dvairanrroO ;  anapaest,  a 
foot  in  versification  consisting  of  two  short  syllables 
followed  by  a  long  one.  Aff.  -ico. 

*Anappo  w.;  =  Nappo,  drinking-cup. 

Anarch -ia  /  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -ista. 

*Anare  m.  oryi;  =  Narice,  nostril. 
*Anargiro  (Gr.  avdpyvpos)',   i.    without  money, 
ii.  title  given  to  SS.  Cosmo  and  Damian  who  prac- 
tised without  fee. 

Ana-sarca  or  -ssarca/I  (Gr.  ava,  ffdp£,  flesh); 
dropsy. 

Anastatica  /  (Gr.  acao-rao-ts,  resurrection); 
(hot.)  the  rose  of  Jericho,  Anastatica  kierockuntica, 
a  flower  which  after  being  dried  will  expand  in  water. 

Anastomdsiy^  (Gr.) ;  anastomosis,  the  inter- 
communication of  arteries  or  of  tbe  vessels  of  a  plant. 

Anastrofey!  (Gr.);  the  transposition  of  words, 
e.g.  meco  for  con  me. 

Anatema  or  Anatema  m.  (Gr.);  i.  anathema. 

2.  excommunication.      3.     accursed     thing.      Aff. 
Anatemizzare. 

*  Anatocismo  m.  (Gr.  ai-aToici.avj.os  from  TOKOS, 
interest);  compound  interest. 

Anatomia/!  (Gr.);  anatomy.  Parer  un  pezzo 
d'  — ,  to  seem  an  anatomical  specimen,  i.e.  to  be 
very  thin. 

Aff,  Anatom-icame'nte,  -ico,  -ista,  -izzare. 

A'natr-a  or  A'nitr-a  / ;  i.  duck, 
Anas  domestica\  Trarre  alle  -e,  to  be 
in  great  danger,  or  to  die.  2.  —  colom- 
baccia,  =  Oca  colombaccia,  brent  goose. 

3.  —  dal  piumino,  =  Eider,  eider  duck. 

4.  —  di  coda  lunga,  — Codone,  pintail. 

5.  —  d'  inverno,  =  Gobbo  rug-ginoso,  v. 
Gobbo  (ii).     6.   —  marina,  =  Moretta, 
tufted  duck.     7.   —  querquedula,  =  Al- 
zavola,  teal.    8.  —  salvatica,  =  Germano, 
wild  duck.     9.  —  vera,  =  Orco  marino, 
velvet  scoter. 

Etyiu.  L.  anat-em  with  intrusive  r.  Akin  to 
Gr.  KTJero-a,  for  VTJTTCL,  O.H.G.  amtt  (>Germ.  Ente)t 
Lith.  antfs,  A.S.  oened^  all  meaning  duck,  Sanskr. 
atis,  a  water  bird,  and  perhaps  indirectly  to  E. 
drake,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Drake. 

Anatraia/ ;  duck-pen. 
Anatrfno  /;/. ;   i.  duckling,     i*  fig- 
crooked,  ricketty  child. 

*  Anatrire  ;-Nitrire,  to  whinny. 

Anatrbccolo  or  Anatr6tto  ;//. ; 
young  duck. 

Anca  f.  (O.H.G.  ancha,  leg-bone, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Haunch,  and  infra,  Ancia); 
i.  hip.  2.  leg  of  a  chicken.  3.  (mar.) 
side  of  a  ship,  quarter. 

*i.  waist,  ii.  Dare  d'  anche,  to  escape,  run  off; 
Battersi  1'  — ,  to  be  grieved. 

*Ancacciuto;  with  strong  hips. 
*Ancaione;  Andare — ,  to  hobble. 


Ancare ;  of  a  horse,  to  heave  in 
breathing. 

Ancella/.  (L.  ancilla)\  handmaid. 

Anche  adv.  (L.  hanc  horani) ;  still, 
even.  Per  — ,  as  yet.  Ne  — ,  neither. 
Quando  — ,  even  if.  Ce  n'  e  — ,  there 
is  more  left.  E  —  e  — ,  and  plenty 
more.  Non  — ,  not  yet. 


*  As  pron.     Per — ,  for  others,  D.  Inf.  21.  39. 

Anch^tta/ ;  blow  on  the  hip. 

t  Anchiana  ;  AH'  — =  Alia  carlona,  carelessly. 
•Anchilopc/.  (Gr.  <iyy/Au>\//);  sore  at  the  inner 
corner  of  the  eye. 

Anchil6si    or    Ancil&si  f.   (Gr.   iyKiiXoiercs) ; 
anchylosis,  stiff  joint  from  bony  union  after  injury. 
Anchilotomia /. ;  the  operation  for  tongue-tie. 

Anchlna  /".  (from  the  name  Nankin); 
nankeen  stuff,  originally  made  at  Nan- 
kin of  cotton  from  the  Gossypium  re- 
ligiosum,  which  is  naturally  of  a  yellow 
colour  quite  indestructible. 

Anchini  in.  pi. ;  {innr.)  the  ropes  which  tie  the 
yard  to  the  mast  by  means  of  the  collars. 

A'ncia  y?  (Fr.  anche,  reed  for  a  wind  instru- 
ment, from  O.H.G.  anc/ui,  the  tibial  bone  of  the 
leg,  which  passed  into  French  with  the  sense  of 
pipe) ;  reed  for  the  mouthpiece  of  a  flute  or  clarionet. 

*  Ancidere  (Ancidare)  perf.  ancisi,  part,  anciso 
(L.  incidere) ;   i.    to  kill.     ii.    to  torment. 

Ancile  tit.  (L.  ancile,  prob.  <  Gr,  o-yKvAo?, 
crooked) ;  the  small  sacred  curved  shield  of  the 
ancient  Romans. 

tAnciolo  m.;  i.  =  Angiolo,  v.  Angelo(n).  ii.  grey 
shark,  v.  Eptanco. 

t  Anciovu  ;  Pesce  — ,  grey  shark,  it.  Eptanco. 

Ancipite  (L.  anceps,<ambi,  capu()\ 
i.  dubious.  2.  amphibious.  3.  two- 
edged. 

*  Anciscocolo  m.  ;  =  Altalena,  swing-board. 

*  Ancistro  in.  (Gr.  ayKurrpoi') ;  (surg-.)  hook. 
Anciuga_/;=Acciuga,  anchovy. 

Anco;  pop.  for  Anche. 

*  Ancoi  (L.  hanc  hodie) :  i.    to-day,     ii.   at  the 
present  day. 

*  Ancola_/;  =  Ancora,  anchor. 

Anc6na  f.  (Gr.  dyica»',  bend,  orig. 
bent  elbow);  i.  altar  picture  rounded 
or  pointed  at  the  top.  2.  niche  for  a 
statue  of  a  saint. 

*Ancone  tn.  (Gr.  ayiaav);  i.  elbow,  ii.  thick 
part  of  the  thigh. 

*  Ancontano  m. ;  a  coin  of  the  isth  century. 

A'ncora  /.  (L.,  =  Gr.  Hyxvpa,  root 
ank,  to  bend);  I.  anchor;  —  di  cor- 
rente,  stream  anchor;  —  galleggiante, 
driving  anchor,  drag-sail ;  —  di  para- 
sartie  or  tdi  bancaccia,  sheet  anchor; 

—  di  poppa,  stern  anchor;  —  di  posta, 
bower  anchor;   if  there  are  two  bower 
anchors,  prima  — ,  best  bovver,  seconda 
— ,  small  bower;   —  di  rispetto,  spare 
anchor;  —  di  speranza,  waist  anchor; 

—  tartaruga,  mud  or  mushroom  anchor  ; 
Mezz'  —  (t —  con  una  patta,  or  t —  di 
corpo  morto),  blind  anchor,  one-armed 
anchor.     2.  —  di  orologio,  a  part  of  the 
escapement  of  a  watch,  also  absolutely 
for  watch ;    Un'  —  che  va  benissimo, 
i.e.  a  watch  that  goes  very  well.     3.  the 
keeper  of  a  horse-shoe  magnet.    4.  hook 
used  by  a  butcher  for  hanging  up  meat. 
5.  in  building,  cramp-iron. 

Ancdra     adv.    (L.    hanc    horani)  ; 

1.  again;    Torn!  —  a  farlo  piangere? 
are  you  again  going  to  make  him  cry? 

2.  yet;  Non  era  —  stanco  di  soffrire? 
was    he    not    yet    tired    of    suffering  ? 

3.  still;    Vive   — ?    is   he   still  alive? 

4.  more;    --   un   poco,  a  little   more. 

5.  too,  also ;    Ne  vuoi  —  tu  ?   do  you 
want  some  too  ?    6.  —  una  volta,  once 
more.     7.  (doubled,  for  emphasis)  Non 
si  va  via?  -   — ,  no ;  are  we  not  going 
away  ?    Oh  no  !  not  yet.     8.  to  empha- 
size other  adverbs  of  time ;  —  oggi  se 
ne  ricordano,  even  now  people  remem- 
ber. 


ANCORAGGIO— ANDRIOLO 


35 


*  i.   now ;  Tanto  che non  so  che  mi  fare,  so 

that  just  now   1  do  not  know  what  to  do.     ii.    al- 
together ;   Fiaccar  si  possa  il  collo ,  his  neck 

may  be  altogether  broken. 

Ancoraggio  ;//. ;  i.  anchorage. 
2.  port-dues  for  being  allowed  to 
anchor. 

Ancoraquando ;  i.q.  Ancorche. 

Anoor-are  ind.  ancoro,  to  anchor; 
(Croce)  -ata,  with  the  ends  of  the 
branches  turned  back  in  a  semicircle. 

Ancorch.6;  although,  even  if. 

*  Ancoressa^I;  old  worn-out  anchor. 

Ancorbtto  m. ;  kedge  anchor. 

t Ancroia  /.   (possibly   conn,    with   croio,  q.v.); 
ugly  old  crone. 

Ancudine  or  Incudine  (Ancude)/ 
(L.  incus<.in,  cut/ere,  to  strike,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Hew) ;  i.  anvil.  2.  (anat.)  the  incus, 
one  of  the  bones  of  the  internal  ear. 

t  Ancugella_/?;  =  Aguglia,  sea-pike. 

Ancusa  /.  (L.  ancftusa  =  Gr.  ay^oucra);  (tfft.) 
alkanet,  Anchusa  officinalis,  one  of  the  borage  tribe. 
Its  roots  contain  a  colouring  matter,  more  abundant 
in  another  species,  the  A .  tinctoria,  which  is  the 
origin  of  the  English  name  through  Spanish  from 
the  Arabic  el-canna.  "A  solution  of  spermaceti  in 
sulphurous  ether  tinged  with  Alkanet  root  which 
solidities  at  50°  Fahr.  and  melts  and  boils  with  the 
heat  of  the  hand  is  supposed  lo  be  the  substance 
which  is  used  at  Naples  when  the  blood  of  St  Januarius 
melts  spontaneously  and  boils  over  the  vessel  which 
contains  it "  (  Beckmann,  quoted  by  A.  Pratt,  Flower- 
ing  plants  of  Great  Britain,  vol.  4,  p.  51). 
Andayl;  pop.  for  Moto,  movement. 

'Andacoca/;;  the  Egyptian  lotus. 
Andaluso  ;  (geogr. )  of  Andalusia  in  Spain. 

Andaluzzo  in. ;  Andalusian  horse. 

Andamento  m. ;  rate,  e.g.  of  a  chro- 
nometer. 

Andana/;  i.  rope-walk.  2.  path 
down  an  avenue  of  trees.  3.  tier. 
4.  (mar.}  line  of  vessels  moored  one 
behind  the  other  along  a  quay  or  in  a 
river. 

Andante  ;  I.  moving  smoothly. 
2.  current  (coin).  3.  Persona  — ,  easy- 
going, not  close  in  his  expenditure,  or 
difficult  to  deal  with.  4.  Messe,  Anno 
— ,  current  month,  year,  etc.  (usu.  cor- 
rente).  5.  Colore  — ,  continuous,  uni- 
form colouring.  6.  Lavoro  — ,  steady 
work,  not  at  high  pressure.  7.  Muro 
— ,  wall  with  uniform  unbroken  face. 
8.  Prezzo  — ,  price  of  an  article  when 
reduced  for  taking  a  quantity.  9.  Roba 
— ,  every-day  clothes  or  other  things. 
10.  (mus.)  slow.  ii.  as  adv.  =  Andante- 
mente ;  Leggere  —  il  Greco,  to  read 
Greek  fluently. 

Ajf.  Andant-eme'nte,  -dzza  affability. 
Andantf.no ;  (mus.)  rather  slow. 

Andare  ind.  vo  or  vado  vai  va 
andiamo  andate  vanno ;  perf.  andai 
andasti  and6  andammo  andaste  an- 
darono ;  fut.  andro  or  andero  -ai  -a 
-dmo  -e'te  -anno ;  imperat.  va  andate ; 
subj.  vada  vada  vada  andiamo  andiate 
vadano;  imperf.  subj.  andassi  andassi 
andasse  andassimo  andaste  andassero ; 
cond.  andrei  or  anderei  -dsti  -ebbc 
-<5mmo  -dste  -ebbero ;  pres.  part,  an- 
dando ;  past  part,  andato  or  fam.  -ito. 


Etym.  of  andare  unknown.  Many 
conjectures  have  been  made,  e.g.  L.  ad- 
nare  or  mlt.  anare,  to  swim  towards, 
cp.  arrivare  from  ad-ripare;  L.  ad-itare 
changing  into  andttare,  cp.  andito  from 
aditus;  ** amb-itare  freq.  of  L.  ambire; 
** ant-are  <  L.  ante,  cp.  avanzare  < 
**avantiare,  i.e.  ab-ante-are.  Or  it  may 
be  a  northern  word,  cp.  Germ,  wandem, 
E.  wander,  wend.  Vado  is  of  course 
L.  vado,  to  walk,  root  ba,  cp.  Gr.  ftaivn ; 
ito  from  L.  ire,  to  go,  root  i. 

i.  to  go.  2.  to  go  well ;  La  salute  non 
va,  my  health  is  poor.  3.  Andare  a  ruba, 
or  come  il  pepe,  i.e.  to  sell  like  wild-fire, 
go  off  quick.  4.  of  coin,  to  be  current. 

5.  to  be  agreeable  ;   Le  famose  ceche 
di  Pisa  non  mi  sono  mai  andate,  I  never 
liked  those  famous  lampreys  of  Pisa. 

6.  of  a  dress,  to  be  suitable  ;    Quest' 
abito  non  mi  va,  this  dress  does  not 
suit  me  (the  expression  is  used  in  two 
senses,  as  in  English).     7.    Andar  del 
corpo,  (med.)  to  be  purged.     8.  Andar- 
sene,  to  go  away.     9.    Andarne,  to  be 
at  stake ;    Ne  va  la  vita,  my  life  is  at 
stake.     10.    Andar  via   lo   stomaco,  la 
testa,  to  have  a  feeling  of  pain  or  languor 
in  the  stomach  or  head  ;  Datemi  un  po' 
di  brodo  perchfe  mi  sento  andar  via  lo 
stomaco,  let  me  have  a  little  broth  be- 
cause my  stomach  does  not  feel  very 
comfortable.     1 1.  Andare  al  di  sotto,  to 
make  a  loss.     12.   Andare  col  secolo, 
to  be  of  the  same  age  as  the  years  of 
the  century.     13.  Andar  di  Ii,  to  carry 
a  business  through.     14.  Si  pu6  andar 
fin  Ii,  i.e.  there  is  no  getting  beyond 
it,  either  for  good  or  bad ;  £  una  villa 
magnifica ;   si  puo  andar  fin  Ii,  it  is  a 
magnificent    place,    it    cannot    be   im- 
proved ;    Si  puo  andar  fin  11,  ma  uno 
piu  sbarazzino  di  lui  £  impossibile  tro- 
varlo,  you  may  do  your  utmost,  but  will 
never  find  a  more   hopeless   ne'er-do- 
weel  than  he  is.     15.  Andare  with  the 
participle   of   another  verb    takes   the 
sense  of  that  which  ought  to  have  been  ; 
La  cosa  andava  fatta  diversamente,  the 
thing  ought  to  have  been  done  differ- 
ently.   16.  Vada,  let  it  go,  i.e.  be  settled 
at  that;  Gli  offro  dieci  lire,  me  lo  dk?, 
I  will  give  you  ten  francs  for  it,  will 
you  let  me  have  it?     Vada,  all  right. 
17.  Come  va  va,  or  Come  vanno  vanno, 
anyhow,  higgledy-piggledy.     18.  Uomo 
or    Cosa    come   va,    very   good  ;     Un 
sonatore   come   va,   a   capital    player ; 
Una    villetta    come    va,    a    charming 
little  place.     19.  L'  ando  la  stette,  an 
expression  used  when   a  speaker  gets 
involved  in  his  discourse  and  reaches 
no   conclusion  ;   the  same   idea   is  ex- 
pressed  by  using   the   phrase  Cesti   e 
canestri,  hampers  and  baskets,  v.  Cesto. 
20.  The  word  Andare  is  punningly  used 
with  the  names  of  places,  as  Andare  a 
Campi  for  campare,  Andare  a  Lodi  for 
lodare,  Andare  a  Piacenza  for  piacere, 
Andare  a  Legnaia  for  esser  bastonato, 
Andare  a  Volterra  or  a  Terracina  for 
morire,  Andare  in  Piccardia  for  esser 
impiccato,  Andare  all'  Accattolica   for 
andareaccattando, and  soon.  21.  Andar 


tra'  cavoli,  or  a  rincalzar  i  cavoli,  to  die. 

22.  A  tutt'  andare,  in  great  quantities ; 
Piove  a  tutt'  andare,  it  is  raining  hard. 

23.  Va  e  sta,  of  one  who  does  not  stop 
in  one  place ;   Fa  il  conduttore  e  va  e 
sta  da  Milano  a  Firenze,  he  is  a  guard 
and  moves  between  Milan  and  Florence. 

24.  Andare    all'    incontro,    to   go    to 
meet.      25.    Andar    dietro,    to    follow. 
26.  Andare  a  seconda,  to  go  with  the 
stream.     27.    Andar  sotto,  of  the  sun, 
to   set.     28.    Andar  di   brigata,  to  go 
together.     29.  Al  peggio  andare,  at  the 
worst.     30.  Andare  altero,  to  be  proud. 

31.  Andare  in  sementa,  to  run  to  seed. 

32.  Andare   in   amore,  of  animals,  to 
rut.     33.    Andare  a  monte,  of  a  party 
of  pleasure,  to  be  put  off. 

As  sb. :  34.  gait.  35.  All'  -  -  or 
Sull'  — ,  di,  in  the  style  of,  in  imitation 
of;  Di  questo  —  vanno  tutte  le  cose  in 
quella  famiglia,  this  is  how  everything 
goes  in  that  family.  36.  pathway,  walk. 
37.  A  lungo  — ,  after  a  long  time,  or 
(more  usu.)  in  the  long  run.  38.  A 
grand'  — ,  with  giant  strides. 

*  There  are  many  obsolete  forms,  amongst  which 
are  the  following  :  i.  Anda  for  Andate.     ii.  the/r«. 
formed   nearly  regularly  Ando  andi   anda  andamo 
anda  andano.     iii.  znd  pres.  subj.  Andi.     iv.  perf. 
Andei  andiei  andetti  or  andiedi  andesti  ande  andie 
andette    or    andiede    andemmo    andeste    anderono 
andierono    andettero    or   andiedero.      v.   /ut.    An- 
draggio  or  Andrajo.     vi.  inf.  Andre,    vii.  imperat. 
Vai. 

*  Andarino  ;  i.  fond  of  travelling,     ii.  as  sb.  = 
Vialiuo,  narrow  path. 

Andarivello  >«.;  i.q.  Andrivello. 

Andata  A  ;  i.  entrance,  as  opposed 
to  exit.  2.  Biglietto  per  —  e  ritorno, 
return  ticket.  3.  —  di  corpo,  (med.) 
stool. 

*i.  journey,  ii.  Dar  1'  — ,  of  water,  to  make  it 
run  freely,  remove  obstructions  to  its  flow.  iii.  La 
ben  --  =  Mancia,  a  "tip." 

Andataccia  yC;  pegg.  of  Andata  di  corpo,  loose 
motion. 

Andato;  i.  done  for.  2.  of  meat, 
gone  bad. 

*Andattalo  (Andattero)  m. ;  i.  date-palm, 
ii.  date. 

Andatura/;  gait.  *Far  1'  — ,  to 
go  on  foot. 

Andazzo  m. ;  \.  fashion  of  a  tran- 
sient kind ;  Ora  c'  e  1'  —  di  scimiottar 
i  tedeschi,  mimicking  the  Germans  is 
all  the  fashion  now.  2.  (med.)  preva- 
lence, e.g.  of  influenza. 

Andi///.;  (geogr.)  the  Andes. 

Andirivi^ni  m. ;  i.  going  and  com- 
ing, cross  currents  of  people.  2.  intri- 
cate labyrinth  of  passages.  3.  fig. 
confused  remarks,  twisted-up  words. 

A'ndito  m.  (bit.  anditus);  passage, 
corridor. 

*i.  stair-landing,  ii.  access,  iii.  fishing  ground 
for  anchovies. 

A]f.  Andit-mo  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

fAndbne  m. ;  \.  a  push  or  shove,  ii.  tottering 
movement. 

*  Andosia  f. ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 

•Andracne  f.  (Gr.);  (&;/.)=  Erba  porcellana, 
purslain. 

Andrienne^/?;  a  sort  of  tea-gown.  The  word 
dates  from  the  time  when  a  play  of  that  name,  in 
imitation  of  the  Andria  of  Terence,  was  acted  in 
Paris  (1703),  the  dress  worn  on  that  occasion  by  one 
of  the  actresses  having  subsequently  been  copied. 

Andri61o  in. ;  a  kind  of  hard  grain,  Triticum 
turgidnm  or  Triticum  hybernum. 

5—2 


ANDRIVELLO— ANGIOLONA 


Andrivell-o  m.  or  -a  /.  (Andarivello) ;  (mar.) 
whip,  a  small  tackle  with  a  single  rope  for  hoisting 
light  weights.  Ancora  d'  — ,  anchor  for  warping, 
kedge-anchor. 

*Andrivieni;  v.  Andirivieni. 

Andrdceo  m.  (Gr.  a.vr)p,  O'KOS);  (bat.)  verticil, 
one  of  the  components  of  a  mode  of  inflorescence  in 
which  the  flowers  surround  the  stem  in  a  kind  of  ring. 
*Androclade  tn.  (Gr.  aiojp,  <cA.aw,  to  break);  the 
6srd  year  of  a  man's  life,  considered  amongst  the 
Egyptians  the  beginning  of  senility. 

*Androdama/  (L.);  a  kind  of  blood-stone. 

Andrdforo  m.  "(Gr.  ac^p,  <j>e'p<»)>  (bot.)  bundle 
of  stamens  united  by  filaments. 

Andrdgino  m.  (Gr.  a-trfp,  man;  yvvr),  woman); 
hermaphrodite,  individual  of  both  sexes.  As  adj. 
i.  (bot.)  androgynous,  bearing  both  staminiferous 
and  pistiliferous  flowers  on  the  same  root.  2.  in 
zoology,  hermaphrodite,  uniting  both  sexes,  as 
occurs  in  worms,  snails,  etc. 

AndrdmedayC;  i.  a  constellation,  named  after 
the  heroine  of  Greek  mythology.  2.  a  genus  of 
plants  with  flowers  resembling  those  of  heaths. 

Andrdne  m.  (Gr.  dv&pav,  originally 
therefore  the  men's  part  of  the  house) ; 
i.  entrance-hall.  2.  path  or  alley  in  a 
vineyard  between  rows  of  trees  with 
vines  trained  upon  them. 

Andropdgone  ;«.  (Gr.  airjp,  ir<aytavt  beard); 
(bot,)  a  genus  of  grasses  from  the  roots  of  one  species 
of  which  brooms  are  made. 

Androsace/I  (Gr.  diTjp,  0-0*09,  shield);  a  genus 
of  reeds  with  large  peltate  leaves. 

AndrosellayC;  a  genus  of  plants  of  the  order 
Primulaceae. 

Andros^mo  m.  (Gr.  ac>Jp,  al/na,  blood);  (bot.) 
tutsan,  Hypericum  androsaemum. 

Aneddot-o  m.  (Gr.  ai/eVSoros);  anecdote.  Ajj. 
-ico. 

Anelare  ind,  anelo  (L.  anhelare, 
root  rt«,  to  breathe) ;  to  long  for.  *i.  to 
pant.  ii.  to  breathe  out 

An&lito#;.;  panting,hard  breathing. 

*  Anellare;  =  lnanellare,  to  provide  with  a  ring, 
to  curl. 

*  Anellamento  w.;  =  Sposalizio,  wedding. 
Anellati  m.  pi.;  animals  of  the  ringed  class, 

Annelida. 

*Anellatura_/:;  curly  hair, 

Anellide  nt.  \  animal  of  the  ringed  class,  An- 
nelid. 


>  m.  (L.  anellus,  dim.  of  anulus, 
akin  to  ancus,o\d  form  ofuncits,  hooked, 
root  ank,  to  bend) ;  i.  ring;  Dare,  Pren- 
der  1'  — ,  to  marry  or  be  married  ;  Giorno 
delP  — ,  wedding  day.  2.  link  in  fig. 
sense.  3.  thimble.  4.  thimble  as  a 
measure  of  silk-worms'  eggs.  5.  ring- 
let of  hair.  6.  Innesto  a  — ,  grafting 
with  a  ring  of  sappy  bark  of  the  culti- 
vated variety  of  fruit  on  the  wild  stock. 
7.  (anat.)  sphincter.  8.  the  mark  or  ring 
on  the  bodies  of  worms.  9.  —  mi'  — , 
=  Giuoco  di  pegnOj  game  of  forfeits. 

*i.  link  of  a  chain,  itsu.  Maglia.  ii.  hoop  round 
a  column,  trunk  of  a  tree,  etc. ,  usu.  Cerchio. 
iii.  swelling  round  a  branch  in  consequence  of  con- 
striction, usu.  Cercine.  iv.  —  della  radice,  the 
place  where  the  root  passes  into  the  stem  of  a  plant. 
v.  —  del  pescatore,  Papal  seal,  so  called  from  the 
figure  of  St  Peter  engraved  thereon,  vi.  Correre 
all'  — ,  to  tilt  at  the  ring. 

*  Anelo  sb.  or  adj. ;  panting. 

Anem-ia  f.  (Gr.  a  priv.,  aljua,  blood);  as  E. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Anemocbrdo  m.  (Gr.  m>f/*or,  wind ; 
X°p$fy  chord) ;  Aeolian  harp. 

Anemo-grafia  f,\  description  of  the  winds, 
-logiayi;  science  of  the  same;  -metro  tn. ;  as  E. 

Etym.  (of  anemo-)  Gr.  oVe/Ao?,  wind;  root  an, 
to  blow. 

Anemone  or  Anemplo  m.  (Gr.  ave^vrf) ;  the 
flower,  A  nemone  coronaria, 

Anem6nio  m.\  sea  anemone. 

Anemosc6pio  m.  (Gr.  avquof,  oxon-eic);  in- 
strument for  observing  whether  there  is  a  perceptible 
wind. 

Anepfgrafo  (Gr.) ;  (manuscript)  without  any 
heading. 


AnerdideyC  (Gr.  it. priv.,  vrjpos,  wet);  aneroid 
barometer. 

Anest-esiayC(Gr.);  anaesthesia.    Aff.  -etico. 

Anet-0  m.  (Gr.  avrjBov) ;  (bot.)  dill, 
Anetkum  graveolens.  tFar  gli  aneti, 
to  show  unwillingness.  Aff.  -ino. 

Aneurism-a  m.  (Gr.  ayeupv<j><.6s,  avevpvvta,  to 
open  up,<eupus,  wide);  (tned.)  aneurism,  dilatation 
of  an  artery.  Aff.  -atico. 

Anfanare  ind.  anfano  (a  variant  of 
Afifannare,  q.v.) ;  i.  to  ramble  aimlessly 
about.  2.  to  talk  nonsense  ;  —  a  secco, 
to  talk  as  if  drunk  without  having  drunk 
at  all.  3.  to  busy  oneself  about  other 
people's  affairs. 

Aff.  Anfan-amento,  -atore. 

Anfaneggiare  ind.  anfane"ggio  (freq. 
of  Anfanare);  to  deceive  people  with 
elaborate  tales.  Aff.  Anfam'a. 

Anfesibena  f.  (Gr.  dju.<£ur|3aii/a) ;  the  fabled 
Libyan  serpent  which  could  move  backwards  or 
forwards. 

Anfibio  or  Amfibio  (Gr,);  i.  amphibious. 
2.  fig.  Uomo  — ,  untrustworthy.  Naturale  — , 
uncertain  character. 

Anfibolo  (Amfibolo)  in.  (Gr.  afttfu'/3oA.o«  from 
a/j.e/)i,  both;  £aAAw,  to  throw);  i.  word  capable  of 
being  understood  in  two  senses.  2.  bird  with  two 
claws  of  each  foot  pointing  forwards  and  two  back- 
wards. 3.  (tnin.)  hornblende. 

Anfibolog-ia  f.  (Gr.);  ambiguity.  Aff.  -ica- 
mente,  -ico. 

Annbraco  tn.  (Gr.  a^i,  /Span's,  short);  am- 
phibrach, foot  consisting  of  a  long  syllable  between 
two  short  ones,  like  habere. 
*  AnfilayC;  =  Anfora,  jar. 

*Anfimacro  m.  (Gr.  o/xtfn',  j*ajcpd«,  long);  am- 
phimacer,  foot  consisting  of  a  short  syllable  between 
two  long  ones,  like  castitds. 
*Anfione  m. ;  opium. 

Anfiteatro  in.  (Gr.);  amphitheatre,  a  complete 
circus  or  oval  as  opposed  to  a  Greek  theatre  which 
was  a  semicircle. 

Anntri6ne  or  Amntridne  m.\  i.  Amphitryon, 
a  Theban  prince,  husband  of  Alcmena,  now  often 
synonymous  fur  host,  entertainer,  from  his  part  in 
Moliere's  comedy.  2.  fig.  gourmand.  3.  fig.  cuck- 
old, from  Alcmena  having  become  the  mother  of 
Hercules  by  Jupiter. 

Annzioni  nt.  pi.  (Gr.  ift^icflkvvf);  the  Am- 
phictyons  of  ancient  Greece,  who  in  early  times 
assembled  in  the  spring  at  Delphi  and  in  the  autumn 
at  Thermopylae  to  discuss  matters  of  common  Hell- 
enic  interest.  The  name  was  from  dju,0t,  round,  and 
KTt^ta,  to  dwell. 

Aff.  Anfizion-ato,  office  of  an  Amphictyon,  -ico. 

A'nfora  f.  (L.  <  Gr.  a/*<£optuy) ;  ancient  vase 
with  tall  handles. 

Anfratto  (AfYratto)  m.  (L.  anfractus 
<  ambi^  actusy  part,  of  agere,  the  r 
being  intruded  under  the  influence  of 
frangere)\  I.  intricate  winding  passage. 
2.  land-slip,  T/.  Frana.  3.  remote  spot. 
4.  (anat.)  small  cavity  in  an  internal 
organ  of  the  body. 

Aff.  Anfrattu-osita,  -oso. 
* Angariay^;  =  Angheria,  oppression. 

Angari-are  ind.  angario  (L.  angari- 
are<,Gi.  ayyapos,  a  Persian  word  mean- 
ing a  courier  impressed  into  the  public 
service) ;  to  oppress,  torment.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -at<5re,  -atrice. 

*Angarico;  i.  oppressive,  ii.  due  as  a  feudal 
service. 

A'ngela  f.\  a  kind  of  white  grape.  *  female 
angel. 

Angelica  y!;  (bot.)  Angelica  sihestris. 
*i.  a  metre  employed  by  Stesichorus.     ii.   a  kind 
of  lute.     iii.    a  dance  at  Greek  banquets. 

Angelic-0  ;  angelic.  Salutazione  -a, 
the  Ave  Maria  or  Angelus  Domini. 
Inno  — ,  the  Gloria.  Dottore  — ,  St 
Thomas  Aquinas,  also  often  referred 
to  simply  as  I'  angelico.  Voce  -a,  one 
of  the  stops  in  an  organ.  Acqua  -a, 


a  kind  of  medicine.     Pera  -a,  a  kind  of 
pear. 

*i.  I*  -a  tromba,  the  Last  Judgment,  ii.  Angelici, 
the  disciples  of  Sabellius.  iii.  monks  of  St  Basil, 
iv.  sect  who  held  that  the  world  was  created  by 
angels. 

Angelino  ;  v.  Angiolino. 

A'ngel-o  or  pop.  A'ngiolo  (Agnolo) 
m.  (L.  <  Gr.  ayyeXo?,  messenger ;  of 
Persian  origin.  Akin  to  Sanskr.  an- 
giras,  divine  messenger) ;  i.  angel 
Theology  places  angels  in  three  groups 
first,  Serafini,  Cherubini  and  Troni  ; 
second,  Dominazioni,  Virtu,  Potenze  ; 
third,  Principati,  Arcangeli  and  Angeli. 
-i  custodi,  guardian  angels,  or  scherz. 
the  police.  Festa  degli  -i  custodi,  the 
2nd  of  October.  2.  —  colle  corna,  or 
nero,  devil  or  fig.  bad  wife.  3.  —  di 
fogna,  very  ugly  person,  or  ill-bred. 

4.  Angiolo   or   Angiolino,  dead   baby. 

5.  Regina    degli    -i,    the     Madonna. 

6.  Pane  degli  -i,  the  communion  bread. 

7.  -i,    sculptured    heads   in   a   church. 

8.  Color  d'  — ,  light  pink.     9.    Piscio 
d'    -i,   an   exquisite   liqueur,  or  scherz. 
rain.     10.    Acqua  d'  -i,  scented  water. 

1 1.  Pesce    angelo,   the    angel    fish,   a 
species  of  shark  intermediate  between 
the  Sharks  and  Rays,  Squatina  tcievis, 
also  termed  Reina,  Squadro,  Squadro- 
lino  pelle  nera,  Squalena.     It  takes  its 
name  of  angel  from  its  broad  pectoral 
fins,  which  are  white,  strongly  in  con- 
trast with  the  bluish  shade  of  the  back. 
It  is  a  Mediterranean   fish,  but  some- 
times   occurs    on    the    British    coasts. 

12.  Far   T   — ,   to   faint.      13.    an   old 
French  gold  coin  worth  about  seventeen 
shillings.     14.    Legno  — ,   satin   wood, 
v.   Rasare  (4).     15.    (mar.)   —   d'  una 
randa,  tack  tricing  line. 

*  i.  the  principal  standard  or  ensign  of  the  Western 
emperors,     ii.  a  kind  of  projectile,  chain-shot. 

"Angelotto  tn. ;   an    English   gold  coin  coined 
under  Henry  VIII,  worth  about  ten  shillings. 

Angelus  Domini;  a  prayer  beginning  thus 
recited  at  mid-day  and  at  nightfall. 

Angherla  (Angaria)  /  (v.  Angari- 
are)  ;  oppression,  severities. 

Anghiere  nt,\  boat-hook. 
Angiarro  m.\  large  Turkish  knife. 

Angln-a  /  (L.  angere,  cp.  Gr.  «yxw) 
root  agk,  to  constrict);  quinsy,  inflam- 
mation of  the  tonsils.  Aff.  -oso. 

t  Angio  ;  Pesce  — ,  grey  shark,  v.  Eptanco. 

Angiocarpo  nt.  (Gr.  dyyeioy,  cup ;  icapTro?, 
fruit);  i.  a  fruit  enveloped  by  an  external  organ 
such  as  that  of  the  Coniferae.  2.  a  division  of  the 
fungus  family  where  the  spores  are  enclosed  in  a 
"peridium." 

Angioino  ;  of  the  house  of  Anjou. 

A'ngiol-a  /  ;  pop.  for  Angela.  Aff. 
-e*tta,  dim. 

Angiol6tto  m.\  i.  dim.  of  Angelo. 
2.  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5;  ct  e). 

Angiolin-0 ///. ;  i.  little  angel;  Star 
come  -i,  i.e.  to  be  living  together  in 
peace.  2.  fig.  dead  baby.  3.  —  di 
Lucca,  or  di  stucco,  Lucca  being  a 
place  where  plaster  figures  of  angels 
are  made ;  a  handsome  woman  but  of 
cold  manner.  4.  Gli  -i,  the  police  (at 
Florence).  5.  a  kind  of  soup. 

A'ngiolo  m.;  pop.  for  Angelo. 
AngioldnayC;  a  kind  of  autumn  pear. 


ANGIOSPERME— ANNACQUARE 


37 


Angiosperme  f,  pi.  (Gr.  ayyttor,  cup  ;  (rn-e'p/Aa, 
seed);  (bot.)  plants  witn  a  pericarp  distinct  from  the 
seed -coverings. 

Ajf.  Angiospermio ;  the  class  of  angiuspermous 
plants. 

Angiporto  m.  (L.<angere,  to  con- 
strict ;  portus,  port) ;  blind  alley. 

Anglican-o;  as  E.     Ajf.  -ismo. 
Anglicismp  in.  (mlt.  Angl»s)\  Anglicism. 
Anglomania  _/C  (Anglus  and  Gr.  /iaria);  craze 
for  English  things. 

*  Angola  yl;  magnetic  needle. 

A'ngolo  in.  (L.  angttlus,  Gt.  ayicuAo?,  crooked, 
root  ank,  to  bend) ;  angle. 

Aff.  Angol-are,  -arita,  -armente  comerwise,  -oso, 
-uto. 

*  Angone  in.  (A)(L.  atigere);  (med.')  lump  in  the 
throat  felt  in  hysteria.     (B)  (Fr.  angon);  (herald.) 
a  sort  of  spearhead  like  the  lily  of  the  French  arms. 
It  was  the  arms  of  the  Franks  under  the  first  dynasty. 

Angonia  f. ;  pop.  for  Agonia. 

Angdra/;  (geogr.}  a  town  in  Asia 
Minor. 

*  Angordo  ;=  Ingordo,  greedy. 
*Angore  in. ;  i.  pain.     ii.  anxious  wish. 

Angbscia/  (L.  angustia,  root  angh, 
to  constrict) ;  anguish. 

*i.  distressed  breathing,  ii.  Darsi  — ,  to  take 
pains. 

AJf.  Angosci-are  to  distress,  -osamente,  -oso. 

Angue  ;//.  (L.  anguis,  snake) ;  I.  the 
name  of  a  constellation,  Draco.  2.  {poet.} 
snake. 

tAnguella/:;  atherine  fish,  v.  Latterino  (2). 

*  Angugineyl;=Ancudine,  anvil. 

AngTiilla  /  (L.  anguilla,  dim.  of 
anguis} ;  eel. 

Anguillaia/  ;  eel-fishing  ground. 

Anguillare  m. ;  long  straight  row 
of  vines. 

Anguina/:;  a  kind  of  melon. 

Anguinaia  (Anguinaglia)  /  (L.  in- 
guinalid);  I.  the  groin.  2.  tumour  in 
the  groin,  bubo. 

*Anguistara/:;  =  Carafra,  glass  jug. 

t  Anguria  f. ;  -  Cocomero,  water-melon. 

tAngusigola  /;  i.  garfish,  v.  Aguglia.  ii.  — 
selvadiga,  («)  sea-adder  fish,  v.  Nerofide  ;  (b)  shorter 
pipe-fish,  •v.  Sifonostomo. 

Angustia  / ;  poverty.  In  sing., 
esp.  mental  poverty  ;  in  pi.  poor  cir- 
cumstances. 

Angusto  (L.) ;  i.  narrow,  tight. 
2.  close,  stingy. 

Aff.  Angust-amente,  -iare  to  impoverish,  to 
burden  with  care  and  anxiety  for  the  future,  -ioso 
full  of  cares. 

Angustura  f.;  the  bark  of  the  Bfmtplandia 
trifoliata  of  South  America.  There  is  another  kind 
known  as  false  Angostura  which  is  the  bark  of  the 
Nux  vomica. 

Ani  ani ;  short  for  Anitra,  a  call  to  ducks  to 
come  and  be  fed. 

*  Anice  (Anicio)  m.;  —  Anace,  anise. 
Anigella  /. ;  (tot.)  love-in-the-mist,  f.  Scapi- 

gliata. 

Anile  f  A)  m.  (Arabic  anrtil  for  al- 
nil<  a/,  the,  nil,  blue  ;  <  Persian  nil, 
blue,  or  the  indigo  plant,  cp.  Sanskr. 
nila,  blue,  nili,  indigo  plant);  (dot.} 
indigo  plant,  Indigofera  tinctoria. 

*(B)  (L.  anilii);  old. 
Anilinay;  (Span,  anil,  blue,  v.  Anile);  as  E. 

A'nim-a  /.  (L.  anima,  root  an,  to 
blow) ;  i.  soul.  2.  fig.  heart,  con- 
science. 3.  Uomo  d'  — ,  conscientious 
man.  4.  Aver  sull'  — ,  to  have  on  one's 
conscience.  5.  Darsi  all'  — ,  to  give 
oneself  up  to  spiritual  life.  6.  Mettersi 
all'  — ,  pop.  scherz.  to  be  responsible 


for,  i.e.  to  kill,  or  to  eat,  etc. ;  Un  vec- 
chio  si  vantava  d'  essersi  messi  all'  • — 
dodici  giacobini  al  tempo  della  rivo- 
luzione  francese,  there  was  an  old  man 
who  boasted  of  having  laid  upon  his 
conscience  twelve  jacobins  at  the  time 
of  the  French  Revolution  ;  A  colazione 
e  capace  di  mettersi  all'  —  un  mezzo 
capretto  arrosto  e  un  fiasco  di  vino,  he 
is  a  fellow  who  will  be  responsible  for 
half  a  roast  kid  and  a  bottle  of  wine  at 
his  lunch ;  Un  membro  della  quondam 
famosa  Giunta  Esaminatrice  si  gloriava 
d'  essersi  messi  all'  —  in  una  notte 
cinque  cento  componimenti  latini:.figu- 
riamoci  che  razza  di  giudizi  avra  dati, 
a  member  of  the  quondam  famous 
Examination  Board  boasted  of  having 
got  through  five  hundred  Latin  compo- 
sitions in  one  night:  one  can  imagine 
what  sort  of  judgment  he  made  upon 
them.  7.  Rimetterci  un  tanto  d'  — , 
to  have  one's  sense  of  right  and  wrong 
blunted ;  A  star  con  quell'  arnese  ci 
rimetto  un  tanto  d'  —  e  non  fo  altro, 
by  being  in  that  fellow's  company  I 
know  my  conscience  loses  some  of  its 
delicacy.  8.  Dannarsi  1'  — ,  referring 
to  an  intolerable  nuisance ;  Non  lo 
voglio  tener  piu  questo  cane,  mi  fa 
dannar  1'  — ,  I  cannot  keep  this  dog 
any  longer,  he  is  such  an  intolerable 
nuisance ;  Con  questo  lavoro  mi  danno 
1'  — ,  this  work  is  excessively  wearisome. 

9.  Anima  dannata,  like  the  French  Ame 
damne'e,  is  used  in  the  sense  of  tool, 
one  who  hands  himself  over  to  another 
to  do  whatever  villainy  may  be  required. 

10.  Passar  1'  — ,  to  affect  deeply;   La 
morte  di  quel  giovane  mi  ha  passato 
proprio  1'  — ,  the  death  of  that  young 
fellow    has    affected    me    very    much. 
Similarly  of  an   insult,    Quella   parola 
m'  ha  passato  1'  — ,  that  insult  affected 
me  deeply,     ii.  Girarsi  1'  — ,  (a)  to  be 
in  a  bad  temper,  (b)  as  in  the  follow- 
ing:— Chiedere  un  piacere  a  lui !   Non 
so  se  ti  gira  1'  — ,  ask  a  favour  of  him  ! 
are  you  in  your  senses?     12.   Romper 
1'  —  ad  alcuno,  to  bore  him  with  ques- 
tions or  the  like.     13.   Brillar  1'  — ,  to 
be  extremely  pleased.     14.  Reggerl'  — 
co'  denti,  to  hold   on  to   life  by  your 
teeth,   i.e.   be    very   ill.      15.    Beversi, 
Giocarsi,  etc.  1"  — ,  to  be  a  desperate 
drinker,  gambler,  etc.     16.   Stato  d'  -e, 
the  parish  register;  Fare  lo  stato  d'  -e, 
to  take  the  register  of  the  population  of 
a  parish.    17.  —  di  Messer  Domineddio, 
a  gentle,  innocent  soul. 

Material  senses: — 18.  kernel  of  a 
fruit-stone.  19.  Prender  1'  — ,  said  of 
a  chestnut  flower,  when  it  develops  a 
chestnut.  20.  core  of  a  root.  21.  frame 
of  a  door.  22.  filling  of  the  sole  of  a 
boot.  23.  piece  of  cardboard  at  the 
back  of  the  binding  of  a  book  to 
strengthen  it.  24.  —  della  statua,  the 
core  or  internal  mould  which  forms  the 
hollow  of  a  casting.  25.  —  della  scala, 
the  walling  in  of  a  staircase  which  holds 
the  steps.  26.  —  del  candeliere,  del 
lampadario,  the  internal  framework  of 
a  chandelier.  27.  --  d'  un  bottone, 


the  bone  or  wooden  core  of  a  cloth 
button.  28.  —  delle  canne,  the  tool 
which  forms  the  tube  of  a  gun  barrel 
or  the  empty  space  of  the  barrel  itself; 
-  rigata,  rifled  bore.  29.  -  -  delle 
canne  da  organo,  the  tongue  or  reed 
which  by  the  air  passing  over  it  pro- 
duces the  sound  when  the  organ  is 
played.  30.  a  strengthening  piece  be- 
tween the  back  and  front  pieces  of  a 
violin,  under  the  bridge.  31.  breast- 
plate in  old  armour. 

Animaccina./;  pegg.  vezz.  Anima.  It  is  used 
as  an  exclamation  partly  in  kindness,  partly  scolding, 
such  as  a  mother  might  say  to  a  little  boy  who  has 
hurt  her. 

Animale  sfi.  or  adj.  (L.,  v.  Anima);  animal. 

—  nero,  the  pig. 

Aff.  Animal-accio /c£f.,  -escamente,  -esco,  -etto 
dim.,  -ettucciaccio  dim.  pegg.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -ita. 

Anim-are  ind.  animo  ;  i.  to  give 
life  to.  2.  to  animate.  3.  to  provide 
with  a  core ;  Bastone  -ato,  sword-stick. 

Aff.  Anim-atamente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

A'nime  /  (the  native  American  name);  anime, 
a  resin  exuded  from  the  stem  of  a  large  American 
tree,  the  Hyntoiaen  coitrbaril. 

Animdll-a  / ;  i.  sweet-bread,  the 
thymus  gland  of  a  calf;  -e  briache, 
sweet-breads  cooked  with  wine.  2.  valve 
to  stop  or  permit  the  passage  of  air  or 
water.  3.  a  kind  of  button. 

Animellata  f. ;  part  of  the  neck  of 
a  calf  near  the  sweet-bread  and  sold 
with  it. 

Anime'tta/! ;  i.  dim.  Anima.  2.  ar- 
mour either  in  the  shape  of  a  breast- 
plate or  coat  of  mail  to  cover  the  chest 
and  loins.  3.  a  linen  cover  for  the 
sacred  chalice  (usu.  Palla).  4.  the 
dentine  or  internal  part  of  a  tooth. 

Animina/I;  dim.  vezz.  Anima. 

Animismo  m.  (It.  anima);  animism,  the  doc- 
trine taught  by  Stahl  that  the  soul  is  the  proper 
principle  of  life  and  development  in  the  body. 

A'nimo  m.  (L.,  root  an,  to  blow); 
i.  mind,  spirit ;  Mai — ,  ill-will.  2.  pre- 
sentiment; Me  lo  diceva  un  —  che  la 
sarebbe  andata  cosi,  I  had  a  presenti- 
ment that  it  would  go  thus.  3.  Pigliare 

—  addosso,  or  sopra  ad  uno,  to  assume 
a  certain  authority  over  him.     4.  Ad  — 
scarico,  impartially.     5.  Ad  — ,  Per  — , 
or  Sopr1  — ,  in  a  fit  of  temper.    6.  Prov. 

—  e  cera  vivanda  vera,  i.e.  a  good  heart 
and  cheerful  face   make  up  for  short 
commons. 

Animosita/;  i.  pre-conceived  idea, 
prejudice.  2.  animosity. 

Anim6s-o;  courageous.  -4$f-amdnte. 

Animucci-a  f.,  -o  m. ;  dim.  spreg. 
of  Anim-a,  -o,  timid  disposition. 

Anis^ttayi;  spiced  drink,  flavoured 
with  anise. 

A'nitr-a/ ;  i.q.  Anatra,  duck  -aia/ ; 
duck-pen. 

Anitrina  ;  Erba  — ,  (&>/.)  duck-weed,  Lemna. 

Anitrfno  m.  •  duckling. 

*  Anitrire;=Nitrire,  to  whinny. 

Anitr-6cco,  -bccolo  m. ;  i.  young 
duck.  2.  fig.  =  Nachero,  bow-legged 
boy. 

Annacqu-are  (It.  a,  acqua) ;  i.  to 
add  water  to.  2.  fig.  to  water  down  (a 


ANNACQUAVINO— ANNUSARE 


strong  statement) ;  Riso  -ato,  an  insin- 
cere smile. 

Aff.  Annacqu-ame'nto  ;  -ata,  i.  ad- 
dition of  a  little  water.  2.  short  shower 
of  rain ;  -aticcio,  mixed  with  water ; 
-atura. 

Annacquavfno  m. ;  person  who  al- 
ways waters  his  wine. 

Annaffiare  or  Inaffiare  (L.  afflare, 
for  ad-flare  with  prefix  in-  or,  with  the 
change  of  vowel  common  where  the 
accent  does  not  fall,  an-.  For  flare  v. 
Fiato) ;  to  water  (usu.  flowers,  but  it 
might  be  said  of  a  light  rain  which 
hardly  wets  the  roads),  lit.  to  blow 
(water)  over. 

Aff.  Annaffi-amento,  -ata  a  single 
watering,  -atina  dim.,  -at6io  watering- 
pot,  -atura. 

Annal-i  m.  pi.  (L.,  v.  Anno);  annals.  Ajj. 
-ista. 

Annarello  m.;  i.g.  Annerello,  q.v. 
tAnnasare;  i.   to  sniff,     ii.   to  make  trial  of  a 
person,     iii.    to   contend  with.     iv.    to   investigate, 
v.    to  be  agreeable  to.     vi.  —  il  cielo,  of  cattle,  to 
sniff  the  air. 

Annaspare  (It.  a,  aspo  with  n  added 
for  euphony);  i.  to  wind  (thread)  upon 
a  reel.  2.  to  gesticulate  wildly.  3.  to 
think  confusedly,  puzzle  oneself. 

Aff.  Annasp-ame'nto,  -icare  to  ges- 
ticulate very  wildly,  -fo  continual  ges- 
ticulation. 

Annaspo  in.  ;  i.  i.q.  Aspo,  reel. 
2.  scherz.  deformed  person. 

Annasp6n-e  in.,  -a,  /.;  i.  busybody. 
2.  inconclusive  person. 

Annat-a  /.  (A);    i.   a  year's  time. 

2.  a  year's  yield  of  produce.    3.  a  year's 
revenue   to   an   individual.      4.    year's 
taxes.     Aff.  -ina  dim.  iron.,  -ona  augm. 

(B)  (L.  adnatd);  (anal.}  conjunctiva. 

Annebbi-are  ind.  anndbbio  (It.  a, 

nebbia) ;  i.  to  cloud.    2._//f.  to  obscure. 

3.  to  blight.   4.  -ato,  dark  complexioned. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Anneg-are  ind.  anni?go;  to  drown. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  noyer,  Proven^,  negar,  Span. 
anegar,  Roumanian  inficcd,  <blt.  ** adnecare  <L. 
adt  necare  to  kill,  root  nee  (or  perhaps  anec,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Necare). 

Annegazi6ne/ ;  v.  Abnegazione. 

Anneghitt-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make 
indolent,  inert  (neghittoso). 

Anner&ll-o  or  Annarello  ;;/. ;  dim. 
Anno,  i/su.  iron.  Ha  i  suoi  -i,  i.e.  he 
is  of  an  advanced  age. 

Anner-ire  ind.  -isco  (Annerare); 
i.  to  blacken.  2.  of  the  weather,  to 
become  dark.  Aff.  -ime'nto,  -itura. 

Annessi6ne  /  (It.  annettere) ;  an- 
nexation. 

Anness-0  m. ;  i.  annex;  -i  e  con- 
nessi,  all  the  things  which  are  connected 
with  some  possession.  2.  scherz.  the 
annoyances  in  connection  with  some- 
thing. 

Annest-are  ind.  annesto  (var.  of 
Innestare;  for  the  change  of  vowel  cp. 
Annaffiare) ;  i.  to  graft.  2.  to  inoculate ; 
—  il  vaiolo,  to  vaccinate.  3.  to  unite 


by  interweaving,  as  the  ends  of  two 
ropes.  4.  —  sul  secco,  to  wander  away 
from  the  point  of  a  discussion. 

Aff.  -amento  vaccination,  -atore,  -atura,  -o  vbsbs. 

Annettere  perf.  annessi  annette'sti, 
part,  annesso  (L.  annectere)  ;  i.  to  an- 
nex. 2.  to  enclose,  with  a  covering 
letter.  3.  =  Allegare,  to  tie  up  (papers). 

Annetto  m.,  dim.  scherz.  of  Anno;  a  year 
more  or  less. 

*Annibbiare  (It.   a,  nibbio,  hawk);    to  enlist, 
take  service. 

Annicchiare  (It.  a,  nicchia) ;  to 
place  in  a  niche. 

Annichil-are  ind.  anmchilo  (L.  ad, 
nihil) ;  to  annihilate.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Annid-are  (L.  ad,  nidus,  nest);  to 
entertain,  e.g.  evil  thoughts,  -arsi,  of 
birds,  rats,  etc.,  to  establish  themselves. 

Annient-are  ind.  anniento  (It.  a, 
niente);  to  annihilate,  -arsi,  to  humiliate 
oneself  completely.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  AnnifTare;  to  look  cross. 
Annistia;  v.  Amnistia. 

*  Annitrire  ;=Nitrire,  to  whinny. 
Anniversario  m.  (L.  annus,  verto);  i.   anni- 
versary.    2.    (eccl.)  anniversary  service. 

Annizzare;  =  Aizzare,  to  incite. 

Ann-o  m.  (L.) ;  year. 

Idioms: — i.  —  santo,  properly  the 
Jubilee  year,  every  25th  year,  often  used 
to  denote  a  long  time;  Mi  tocca  aspett- 
are  un  —  santo,  I  shall  have  to  wait  for 
ever.  2.  —  for  L'  —  passato.  Anno 
andai  a'  bagni,  quest'  —  non  posso,  last 
year  I  went  to  the  baths ;  this  year  I 
cannot  go.  3.  —  di  Ik,  the  year  before 
last.  4.  Tredici  mesi  dell'  — ,  i.e.  with- 
out intermission.  5.  II  prim'  —  che 
non  e  nebbia,  the  first  year  without 
mist,  i.e.  never.  6.  Non  e  1'  — ,  said 
of  things  which  are  too  good  to  be  true  ; 
Sai,  quel  tale  ha  detto  finalmente  una 
verita  !  Non  fe  1'  — ,  do  you  know,  so 
and  so  has  actually  spoken  the  truth  ! 
You  don't  say  so!,  lit.  it  is  not  the 
year  (when  such  a  thing  could  occur). 
7.  Parer  mill'  -i,  to  desire  greatly;  Mi 
par  mill'  -i  di  abbracciarlo,  I  long  to 
embrace  him.  8.  Capo  d'  — ,  New- 
year  ;  also,  New-year's  gift.  9.  Finire 
gli  -i,  to  have  one's  birthday;  II  sedici 
di  Marzo  finisco  gli  -i,  my  birthday  is 
on  March  16.  10.  -  -  embolismale, 
thirteen  lunar  months,  n.  —  emer- 
gente,  epoch  from  which  years  are 
reckoned,  e.g.  the  foundation  of  Rome. 
12.  Innanzi  gli  -i,  before  the  proper 
time,  precociously.  13.  Aver -i  quanto 
Noe,  quant'  il  prezzemolo,  parsley, 
quant'  il  Tantum  ergo,  various  expres- 
sions for  old  age.  14.  Senza  contare 
quelli  della  balia,  or  della  culla,  without 
counting  those  of  your  nursery  days, 
an  expression  used  to  one  who  under- 
states the  years  of  his  age.  1 5.  Entrar 
nell'  —  nuovo,  to  eat  something  for  the 
first  time  in  the  year;  Guardache  belle 
albicocche  !  Voglio  entrare  nell'  - 
nuovo,  what  lovely  apricots  !  I  must 
have  my  first  for  this  year. 

AnnoCC-are  ind.  annocco  (It.  a, 
nocca) ;  to  bend  down  a  branch  to  the 
ground  for  the  purpose  of  layering. 


-arsi,  to  burst,  when  the  branch  is  too 

strongly  twisted. 

*  to  make  a  seton  with  Erba  nocca,  hellebore. 

*  Annocciolare   (It.    a,    nocciolo) ;    to    form  a 
kernel. 

Annod-are  ind.  annodo  (It.  a,  nodo); 

1.  to  tie  in  a  knot.    2.  to  join  on.    3.  to 
fix  up  (a  matter),  settle  it   definitely ; 
also  intr.    E'   non   annoda,  he   brings 
nothing  to  a  conclusion.     As  refl.  -arsi : 
4.  to  get  in  a  tangle.     5.  -arsi  la  lingua 
in  bocca,  to  become  embarrassed  when 
speaking.     *of  fruit,  =  Allegare,  to  de- 
velop.    Aff.  -atura. 

Annoi-are  ind.  annoio  (It.  a,  noia) ; 
to  annoy,  -ato,  sated,  Fr.  bias/?,  -arsi, 
to  be  bored.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re. 

*  Annominazione  /;   i.   catching  phrase,     ii. 
anagram. 

Ann6n-a/  (L.,prot.<annus~);  pro- 
vision of  victuals  for  a  city.  Aff.  -4rio. 

Annonia;  Hainault  in  Flanders. 

t  Annosare ;  =  Annusare. 

Annoso  ;  old,  esp.  of  trees.  *of 
suitable  age. 

Annotare  ind.  annoto  (It.  a,  nota);  to  anno- 
tate. 

*i.    to  note.     ii.    to  register,     iii.    to  attribute. 

Aff.  Annot-atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 
*Annotino;  a  year  old.    As  sb.  Easter,  so  called 
because  neophytes  baptised  at  Easter  presented  offer- 
ings at  the  following  Easter. 

Annottare  ind.  annotta  (It.  a,notte); 
to  become  night. 

Annottolare  ind.  annottolo  (It.  a, 
nottola) ;  to  fasten  with  a  latch. 

*in  old  kinds  of  clothworking,  to  fix  part  of  the 
apparatus  with  a  soil  of  strap. 

Annover-are  ind.  annovero  (It.  a, 
novero,  pop.  for  numero) ;  to  enumerate. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Annual- e, -me' nte;  asE.  -ita,  annual 
provision. 

Annuario  m. ;  year-book. 

*  Annubilare  ;  =  Annuvolare. 
Annuccio  tir. ;  spreg.  of  Anno. 

Annu-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  assent.  Aff. 
-enza. 

Etyin.  L.  annuo  to  nod,  akin  to  uuweu,  will  of 
a  divinity  expressed  by  a  nod,  Gr.  vfvia,  to  nod. 

Annull-are  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -amento,  -ativo, 
-atore. 

Annul6si  in.  pi. ;  ringed  class  of  animals, 
arthropods  and  worms. 

Annunzi-are  (L.,  v.  Nunzio) ;  to  an- 
nounce. Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azi6ne  the  Feast  of  the  Annunciation, 
-o  announcement. 

Annunziata  / ;    i.   the   Madonna. 

2.  picture  of  the  Annunciation.     3.  fes- 
tival o£,the  Annunciation.     4.  name  of 
the  highest  Italian  Order.     It  was  in- 
stituted in  1362  by  Amedeo  VI  of  Savoy, 
and  renewed  in  1515. 

Annuo ;  annual. 

Annus-are  ind.  annuso  (Annasare, 
Annosare)  (It.  a,  naso);  i.  to  hold  to 
the  nose ;  —  una  presa,  to  take  a  pinch 
of  snuff.  2.  fig.  to  sniff  out,  discover. 

3.  Fare  —  il  pugno  a  uno,  to  shake 
one's  fist  in  his  face.     4.  —  la  fiera,  to 
go  and  see  what  prices  are  current  at 
the  fair.     Aff.  -ata,  -o,  vbsbs. 


ANNUVOLARE— ANTINAZIONALE 


39 


Annuvolare  ind.  annuvolo  (It.  a, 
nuvola)  ;  to  cloud. 

Ano  w.  (L.);  (anat.)  the  anus. 

Anobio  m.\  a  genus  of  beetles  among  which  is 
the  "Death-watch,"  Anobium  tessellaturn. 

Andde  or  Anddo  m.  (Gr.  ava.,  666s)  ;  anode, 
the  point  where  an  electric  current  enters  a  body. 


Anodino  (Gr.  dpudvyo?,  <  d  priv.y 
O&VVTJ,  pain)  ;  i.  soothing,  anodyne. 
2.  inefficacious,  tedious  remedy. 

Anodontay;  (Gr.  a.priv.,  66ous,  odtfirof,  tooth); 
a  genus  of  fresh-water  mussel  with  no  teeth  at  the 
hinge. 

Anomalistico  ;  (astr.)  Anno  —  ,  the  time  re- 
quired for  a  planet  to  return  from  one  aphelion  to 
another. 

An6mal-o  (Gr.  avttttiaXos,  <  a.  #rt'v.,  o/xaAo?, 
even);  i.  anomalous.  2.  (gram.)  irregular.  AJf.-ia, 

An6nay?  (from  its  Malay  name);  (bot.)  custard- 
apple.  Species:  —  i.  —  americana,  Virginian  cus- 
tard-apple, Anona  triloba.  2.  —  aspera,  sour-sop 
custard  -apple,  Anoiui  muricata.  3.  —  del  Peru, 
Peruvian  custard  -apple,  Anona  cherimolia.  4.  — 
reticolata,  bullock's  heart,  Anona  reticulata.  5.  — 
squamosa,  sweet-sop  custard  -apple,  Anona  sgua- 
mosa. 

Anonacee  f.  pi.  ;  a  genus  of  plants,  one  of 
which,  the  Uvaria  odorata  of  the  Molucca  islands, 
furnishes  the  Macassar  oil. 

Anbnide/;;  (bot.)  rest-harrow,  v.  Ononide. 

An6nim-o  (Gr.  at-wfu/tios,  <  a.  pri-v.,  avo^a, 
name)  ;  anonymous.  Societa  -a,  joint-stock  company. 

Andrchide(Gr.  i/rrr/,,  op\i<;,  testicle);  without 
testicles. 

Anoressia  f.  (Gr.  a.vop€£ia.t<ia.  firiv.,  ope'yw,  to 
reach  out);  (nted.)  loss  of  appetite. 

Anormal-e  (Fr.,<  L.  anormis)\  ab- 
normal. Aff.  -ita. 

Anosmfay1^  (Gr.  a^r/i'.,  6£w,  to  smell);  loss  of 
smell. 

Ansa  /.  (L.);  i.  handle  of  a  vase. 
2.  fig.  Dare,  Prendere  —  ,  to  furnish, 
or  to  make  a  handle  for  some  proceed- 
ing- 3-  P?*  (^str.)  the  extremities  of 
Saturn's  rings.  4.  hook  on  the  rim  of 
an  ancient  war-chariot.  5.  (anat.)  loop. 
6.  (arch.)  Volto,  Arco  ad  —  ,  elliptic 
vault  or  arch.  7.  shoe-buckle. 

Ansalone;  Absalom,  D.  Inf.  28.  137. 

Ans-are  (bit.  anxiare,  from  L.  anxius, 
root  angh,  to  squeeze);  to  pant.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Ansedtico  (O.H.G.  and  Goth,  han- 
sa,  troop);  Hanseatic.  The  Hanseatic 
league  comprised  Liibeck,  Hamburg, 
Bremen,  Frankfort  and  other  places 
which  associated  themselves  for  the 
protection  of  commerce  as  early  as  the 
1  2th  century. 

*Ansera,/  (L.  anstr,  akin  to  Germ.  Cans,  Gr. 
\w)\  goose. 

'Anseri  m.  pl.\  chestnuts,  boiled  and  dried  for 
preserving. 

*  Anserin-o;  Pelle  -a,  goose-skin,  a  febrile  con- 
dition of  the  skin. 

A'nsia/  (L.  anxius,<angere%  root 
)  to  squeeze)  ;  eager  desire. 

*  Ansiare  ;  =  Ansimare,  to  pant. 
Ansiftray?;  (war.)  hawser. 

Ansietk/  ;  anxiety. 

A'nsim-a  /  ;  shortness  of  breath. 
Aff.  -are,  to  pant. 

Etym.  It.  asma,  >  asima,  with  added  n  for 
euphony. 

Ansids-o  ;  anxious.    Aff.  -amdnte. 

*  Ansito  m.  ;-Ansima,  q.-v. 

A'nsolay!  (L.  ansulat<ansa);  hook  for  attach- 
ing the  clapper  of  a  bell. 

t  Ansonico  ;  the  name  of  a  kind  of  white  grape 
in  the  island  of  Elba. 

*Ansoria,/;  a  kind  of  grape. 

•Ansoao;  breathless. 


*Ansula./  (L.  ansula);  curtain-hook. 

Anta  ;  the  termination  of  numbers  from  40  to  90. 
Prov.  Dagli  anta  in  la  mi  dol  qui  e  mi  dol  la,  from 
forty  upwards  I  feel  pain  here  and  there. 

Antagon-ista  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.    Aff.  -ismo. 

Antanaclasi  /  (Gr.  cn^ravajf\a<rtv,  bending 
back  and  breaking)  ;  (r/tet.)  using  the  same  word 
in  different  senses  in  one  sentence  or  repetition  of 
a  commencing  phrase  after  its  interruption  by  a 
parenthesis. 

Antanagdge  f.  (Gr.  airi,  against;  amywyTJ, 
leading  up);  retorting  against  an  accuser  the  same 
accusation. 

*  Antarie  f,  pi.  ;  (war.)  =  Sartie,  shrouds. 
Antartico  (Gr.);  antarctic. 

*Antea;  a  word  used  in  the  exclamation  Poffar 
1'  —  ,  by  heaven  ! 

Anteceddnte  sb.  or  adj.  ;  as  E. 

Ante-c&dere  perf.  antecedei  or  an- 
tecedetti  -cede'sti,  part,  anleceduto  or 
*antecesso;  to  precede. 

Antecess6r-e  w.,  -a/  ;  predecessor. 

*Antedestra;  coming  from  the  right,  i.e.  of 
good  augury,  in  ancient  divination. 

*Antefiss-a  _/;,  -o  m.  (L.);  little  earthenware 
ornaments  affixed  to  the  frieze  of  an  ancient  temple 
or  house. 

Ant^layC;  (bot.)  i.  the  umbel  of  a  flower  when 
simple,  such  as  that  of  garlic.  2.  bunch  of  long 
branches  on  a  short  stem  such  as  that  of  rushes. 

Antelice./;  (anat.)  the  anti-helix  of  the  ex- 
ternal ear. 

Antelio  m.  (Gr.  airi,  against;  ^Aios,  sun); 
anthelion  or  ring  round  the  shadow  of  a  spectator's 
own  head  projected  on  a  cloud  or  on  some  opposite 
fog-  bank. 

Antelmia  f.\  (bot.)  Spigelia  anthelmintica. 

Antelmintico  (Gr.  iiri,  against  ;  eAfup?, 
worm)  ;  vermifuge. 

Antelucdn-o  (L.)  ;  i.  preceding 
dawn.  2.  Giorni  -i,  the  three  days 
preceding  full  moon. 

*  Anteludio  (L.);  prelude  to  public  games. 

*  Antelunar-e;  Giorni  -I,  the  three  days  of  new 

p,  flower);  (hot.)  An- 


moon. 

Antemide  f.  (Gr. 
themis. 


m.  (L.) ;    i.    outwork. 
m.  (mlt.  antenattis}\  an-' 


Antemurale 
2.    sea-wall. 

Antendto 
cestor. 

Antenna  /  (L.);  i.  beam  of  a 
scaffolding.  2.  (mar.)  yard  on  a  lateen- 
rigged  ship.  3.  antenna  of  an  insect 
or  crustacean. 

*  i.  lance,  spear,     n.  in  //.  sails. 

Antennale  ;«.  ;  (mar.)  i.  head-rope,  also  termed 
Gratile  d'  inferitura.  2.  —  di  armatura  di  servizio, 
shore  of  a  stage. 

AntennettayC;  dim.  Antenna. 

Antendra  /  (from  Antenor,  a  Tro- 
jan who  was  universally,  in  the  Middle 
Ages,  held  to  have  betrayed  Troy  to  the 
Greeks)  ;  the  place  of  traitors  in  Dante's 
Inferno. 

Anten6ri;  In  grembo  agli  Antenori,  m  the 
Paduan  territory. 

Anteporre  (Aritiporre)  ind.  ante- 
pongo  -poni  -pongono,  perf.  -posi  -po- 
ne'sti,  fut.  -porro,  part,  -posto  (L.  ante- 
ponere)  ;  to  give  precedence,  to  prefer. 

A'ntera  f.  (Gr.  dvdqpor,  flowery)  ; 
(bot.)  anther  of  a  flower,  the  part  of  the 
stamen  which  holds  the  pollen. 

Anteridip  m.  (Gr.  ac0o$,  flower  ;  e*8o?,  likeness); 
(bot.)  antheridium,  the  part  of  an  acotyledonous  plant 
which  serves  the  function  of  the  anthers. 

Anteri6r-e  (I,,  anterior,  a  comparative  formed 
from  the  prep,  ante)',  as  E.  Aff.  -ita,  -m^nte. 

Antesignano  ttt.  (L.);  i.  in  //.,  in  the  Roman 
legion,  soldiers  who  guarded  the  ensigns  and  fought 
in  the  front  rank.  2.  Jig.  leader  of  a  movement. 

Antiaride  f.  (from  the  native  word  in  Java); 
(bot.)  the  upas  tree,  Antiaris  toxicaria. 

Antibacchico  ;  (foot)  consisting  of  two  long 
syllables  and  one  short  one. 

Antibagno  /;/.;  ante-chamber  of  the  bath-room. 


*  AntibaliayC;  woman  who  takes  the  place  of  a 

nurse. 

Anttb£cco  in.  ;  triangular  prolongation  up- 
stream of  the  piles  of  a  bridge. 

Antibussanti  m.  pi.  \  scherz.  =  Quattrini, 
money,  fees. 

Antica-gHa/  (It.  antico)  ;  worn  out, 
or  out-of-date  thing.  *in  pi.  antiquities. 

Anticamera  f,\  ante-chamber. 
Antich^tto;  dim.  Antico,  rather  old. 
Antichita  f.   (It.   antico);    antiquity.     —  di 
Brescia,  fig.t  a  very  old  person. 

Anticip-are  ind.  anticipo  (L.)  ;  i.  to 
anticipate.  2.  to  fix  the  date  or  time 
of  a  meeting  earlier  than  usual.  3.  to 
pay  in  advance.  4.  to  arrive  earlier 
than  usual.  5.  -arsi,  to  make  haste. 
-4^T-atame'nte,  -azioncella  <£>//.,  -azione. 

Antfc-o  (L.  arttiijuus)  ;  ancient,  -a  madre, 
Italy.  La  gran  madre  -a(  the  Earth.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Anticole>ico  ;  efficacious  against  cholera. 

Anticon6sc-ere;  to  foreknow.     Aff.  -enza. 

Anticdrte/  ;  court-yard. 

Anticostituzionale  ;  unconstitu- 
tional. 

Anticrist-o  ;«.  ;  Antichrist,  who  according  to 
one  tradition  is  to  be  born  of  an  old  nun.  Hence 
a  popular  expression,  Kara  1*  —  ,  when  a  woman 
becomes  pregnant  at  an  unusually  advanced  age. 
Aff.  -iano. 

AnticruscayT;  the  work  of  P.  Beni  against  the 
Crusca. 

Anticuccio;  dim.  spregj.  Antico. 

Anticudre  m.\  tumour  in  horses  near  the  heart. 

Antidata  /.;  false  date  when  a  deed  is  ante- 
dated. 

Antidattilo  ///.;  anapaest. 

Antidemoniaci  in.pl.;  Lutherans  who  denied 
the  existence  of  demons. 

Antidesma  w.  ;  a  fruit-tree  of  Malabar,  the 
leaves  of  which  have  a  repute  against  snake-bite. 

*  Antididascolo  /«.;  one  who  teaches  by  contra- 
dicting. 

Antidiluviano  (L.  ante,  diluvium  flood);  as  E. 

Antidot-o  in.  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -ario,  book  of 
antidotes. 

Antifarmaco  m.  (Gr.);  antidote. 

Antifato  ;«.;  (&y.)~Soprad<Iote  o.v. 

Antifebbrile;  as  E. 

Antiferna  f.  ;  i.q.  Antifato. 

Antifona_/C  (Gr.  ii'n'^wi'oy);  i.  antiphon,  short 
verse  sung  before  a  psalm.  2.  Jig.  introductory 
remark  prior  to  something  unpleasant.  3.  Non  fa 
che  ripetere  la  stessa  —  ,  he  always  has  the  same 
tale  to  tell. 

Antifonario  m.\  \.  antiphouary,  service-book, 
compiled  by  Gregory  the  Great,  containing  all  the 
antiphons,  responses,  collects  and  whatever  is  said 
or  sung  in  the  choir  except  the  lessons.  2.  the 
chorister  singing  the  antiphon. 

Antifonia  f.  \  mutual  responses  of  treble  and 
bass  voices. 

Antifdssp  ;//.  ;  ditch  dug  in  front  of  another. 

Antifrasi  f.  ;  use  of  a  word  in  a  sense  opposite 
to  its  proper  meaning. 

Antfgrado  «/.;  (Germ,  hist.)  landgrave. 

Antlgrafo  ;«.;  transcribed  from  another  MS. 

Antigustare;  to  take  a  preliminary  taste  of. 

Antilogia  /.;  in  //.,  contradictory  statements 
made  by  the  same  author. 


nopeaie.rt«<7«f,ater.acoAoiK 
used  by  Eustathius  of  Antioch  for  some  kind  of 
quadruped.  Origin  unknown);  antelope. 

Antilucrezio  m.  ;  a  poem  by  Melchiorre  Po- 
lignac  against  Lucretius. 

AntiluterAno  ;  non-Lutheran  protestant. 
*  Antimaglio  m.;  a  kind  of  fishing  and  fowling 
net. 

Antimeridiano;  of  the  morning. 

Antimdni-o  ///.  (l-'.tym.  dub.  Litir6  quotes  the 
word  in  mlt.  form  antimonittm  from  a  physician  of 
Salerno,  who  wrote  about  the  end  of  the  nth  century, 
and  gives  as  its  probable  derivation  the  Arabic 
aihntoud  or  itlimid.  Athnwitd  would  readily  be- 
come the  mlt.  antimonium.  Again  the  proper 

' 


come  e  m.  anmonum.  gan  te  proper 
Arabic  form  is  itktnid,  which  is  the  Greek  OTI'WU, 
from  which  the  L.  stibium  is  derived,  so  that  by  a 


. 

Antimuro  m.  \  outwork. 
Antinato  ;    older.      *as    sb.    right    of   primo- 


geniture. 

Antinazionale  ;  antinational. 


40 


ANTI  NERVING— APLUSTRE 


Antinervino;  remedial  in  nerve  disease. 

Antinomla  f.\  apparent  contradiction  to  some 
natural  law. 

Antinomiani  or  Antindmu  M.  pi. ;  Anti- 
nomian  heretics;  the  term  has  been  applied  to  more 
than  one  sect. 

Antipallage  f.  (Or.  aim,  vira.\\a.y7},  inter- 
change); (rhct.)  exchange  of  cases  as  in  Virgil's 
Tellum ...  quod  ...gerebat ...  huic  natam ...  ittiplicat^ 
where  hoc  natae  would  be  expected. 

Antipapa  »*.;  anti-pope. 

Antiparistasi ;  z>.  Antiperistasi. 

Antiparte  f. ;  (leg.)  the  portion  which  goes  to 
a  particular  heir  before  the  general  distribution  of  a 
property. 

Antipassat-o ;  before  the  last.  Ci 
venne  la  settimana  -a,  he  came  here 
the  week  before  last. 

Antipasto  m. ;  course  served  after 
the  meat.  Per  due  franchi  si  ha  mi- 
nestra,  lesso,  antipasto,  e  frutla,  for 
two  francs  you  get  soup,  boiled  meat, 
pudding,  and  dessert. 

*i.  preliminaries  to  dinner,  hors  d'ceuvres,  now 
termed  Principii.  ii.  food,  generally. 

Antipat-e  or  -o  /«.;  a  kind  of  black  coral. 

Antipat-fay:(Gr.);  antipathy.  Aff.  -icamente, 
•ico. 

Antipato;  i>.  Antipate. 

Anti-pensare ;  toforethink.    -penultimo;  asE. 

Antiperfstasi  or  Antiparistasi  f.  (Or.  avri, 
against;  Trepitrrao'is,  standing  round);  increase  by 
opposition,  as  when  quicklime  is  heated  by  the 
addition  of  cold  water  or  fever  excited  by  exposure 
to  cold. 

Antipestilenziale  ;  remedial  against  plague. 

Antipetto  in. ;  tumour  on  a  horse's  chest. 

Antipodi  m,  pi. ;  the  antipodes.  Stare  agli  — , 
to  be  far  apart. 

Antipoetico;  i.  unpoetica!.  2.  fig.  common- 
place. 

Antipdfora  f.  (Gr.  avri,  ujro,  <£«'p*u) ;  (rket.) 
antihypophora,  refuting  an  objection  or  answering  a 
question  raised  by  the  orator  himself. 

Antipolitico;  impolitic. 

Antiporre;  v.  Ante-. 

Antip6rt-a/,  -o  m. ;  i.  space  be- 
tween the  outer  and  inner  doors  or 
gates  of  a  house  or  city.  2.  outwork 
to  protect  a  gate  in  a  fortified  city. 
3.  blank  leaf  preceding  the  title-page 
of  a  book. 

Antipsorico;  remedial  against  psoriasis. 

Antiptosi/  (Gr.  atm,  TTTWO-IS,  falling);  (grain.) 
substitution  of  one  case  for  another. 

Antiquari-a/;;  antiquarian  lore. 

Antiquario  m,  (L.);  as  E.  *i.  scribe,  ii.  mu- 
seum. 

Antiquato  ;  antiquated.     *  inveterate. 

Antirachitico;  remedial  against  rickets. 

Ant|religi6so;  anti-religious. 

Antireumatico  ;  remedial  against  rheumatism. 

Antirrfno  /;/.  (Gr.);  (bot.)  Antirrhinum,  v. 
Bocca  di  leone,  sub  Bocca  (i),  GalKnacci,  Scotton- 
ello. 

Antisala/^;  ante-chamber. 

Anti-scorbutico,  -scrofuloso;  as  E. 

Antisettico ;  antiseptic. 

Anti-sifilitico, -sociale,  -spasmodico;  as  E. 

Antispastico  (Gr.  aim,  an-aw,  to  pull);  re- 
medial  by  drawing  morbid  action  in  a  different 
direction. 

*  Antispodio  tn.\  counterfeit  Spodio,  ivory  ashes, 
made  with  ashes  of  bones  and  vegetables. 

*  Antist-a,  -e  or  -ite  m.\  head,  director,  prior. 
Antistenco  ;  remedy  against  hysteria. 
AntistrofeyT;  the  choral  song  in  a  Greek  play 

sung  as  the  chorus  moved  from  left  to  right  after 
they  had  sung  the  strophe  from  right  to  left. 

*  Antisuoceray^;  mother-in-law's  mother-in-law, 
mother-in-law  of  the  second  generation. 

Antitesiy:  (Gr.  iiri,  0c<ri$) ;  antithesis. 

Aff.  Antitet-icamente,  -ico. 

Antitipo  m. ;  in  the  Greek  church,  the  Eu- 
charist. 

Antitisico ;  remedial  against  phthisis. 

Antjtrbpo ;  (bat.)  antitropous,  as  when  the 
embryo  is  at  the  extremity  most  remote  from  the 
hilum,  or  when  the  radicle  is  inverted  with  respect 
to  the  seed,  as  in  the  Polygonums. 

Antivedere ;  to  foresee.    Aff.  Antiveggenza. 

Antivendemmiat6re  m.  ;  a  bright  star  in 
Virgo. 


*  Antivenire ;  to  prevent,  in  the  old  sense  of 
going  beforehand  to  render  assistance. 

AntivigiliayC;  the  day  before  the  vigil. 

A'ntlia  f.  (Gr.  dirAia,  L.  ant/ta,  pump);  the 
proboscis  of  insects. 

Antddto  m.  (Gr.  av9os,  flower;  6Sos,  road); 
(bat.)  the  common  calyx  of  a  composite  flower. 

Antofillite  /  (Gr.  a^os,  ^wAAois  leaf);  a 
Norwegian  variety  of  horn-blende. 

Antdfilo  m.  (Gr.  av9o>>,  <fx'Xos);  flower  lover. 

Antologia/  (Gr.  ap0o$,  A<Syos);  anthology. 

Antonio  ;//. ;  i.  Un  sant'  — ,a  term 
applied  to  a  horse  with  hidden  defects. 

2.  Un   certo   Sant'  — ,   an   expression 
used  of  a  man  who  is  original  so  that 
you    hardly   know   how   to    take    him. 

3.  Troppa  grazia  Sant'  — ,  said  when  a 
thing  is  given  us  in  too  great  abundance, 
and  the  further  saw  may  be  added : — 
Disse    quello    che    ribalto    dalF    altra 
parte  nel  montar  a  cavallo,  as  the  man 
said   who  was  thrown  over  the   other 
side  in  being  helped  to  mount  his  horse. 

4.  Dio  ti  protegga  e  Sant'  — ,  God  and 
St  Antony  save  you,  said  to  one  who 
is    saying    or    doing    something    dis- 
gusting. 

Antonomasia  f.  (Gr.  avri,  5fo/ia);  (rhet.)  the 
use  of  a  descriptive  title  instead  of  the  regular  term, 
e.g.  II  re  galantuomo,  instead  of  Vittorio  Emanuele, 
or  conversely  the  use  of  a  proper  name  instead^of  a 
descriptive  phrase  as  when  a  man  is  called  a  Cicero 
instead  of  an  eloquent  speaker. 

Aff.  Antonomast-icame'nte,  -ico. 

Ant6rayl;  (bot.)  Aconitum  anthora, 

Antossanto  ;//.  (Gr.  ft/dor,  £ai/06>, 
yellow)  ;  (bot.)  sweet-scented  vernal 
grass,  Anthoxanthnm  odoratum. 

Antrace  in.  (Gr.  avOpaf,  coal) ;  (med.)  malignant 
pustule,  anthrax. 

Antra-cite  or -oolite/;  anthracite  coal. 

Antro  ni.  (L.  antrum,  Gr.  avrpov',  root  in  or 
ana,  and  comparative  suffix  ter);  cave.  t  =  Altro. 

Antrop6fag-o  (Gr.);  cannibal.     Aff.  -fa. 

Antropdfora  f.  (Gr.  ardpwTrof,  <£e'pa));  (bat.) 
green  man  orchis,  Ophrys  anthropofera. 

Antropo-logfa,  -logo,  -morfismo;  as  E. 

Anulare  (L.,  t>.  Anello) ;  i.  Dito  — , 
the  fourth  or  ring-finger.  2.  ring-shaped. 
3.  for  use  in  a  ring.  As  sb.  stone  set  in 
a  ring. 

*AnuIo  ;;/.;  =  Anello,  ring. 

Anvfcrsa/. ;  (geogr.)  Antwerp. 

Anzitf^z/.;  i.  rather.  2.  even.  3.  on 
the  contrary. 

*  prep.  i.  before,     ii.  in  the  presence  of. 

Etym.  Probably  <L.  anted  previously,  <antet 
ed.  Antea  would  regularly  become  anzat  but  the 
final  a  being  an  unusual  ending  for  adverbs  be- 
came i. 

Anzian-0  (mlt.  antianus] ;  i.  rather 
old.  2.  retired  (official).  3.  (hist.}  mem- 
ber of  the  supreme  council  in  some  of 
the  Italian  republics.  Aff.  -ita,  -otto 
dim. 

Anzid&tto;  aforesaid. 

tAnzoletto    m. ;    i.    gurnard,    -u,    Capone    (5). 

ii.    —  della  Madonna,  rochet  fish,  z».  Peristedione. 

Aocchiare;  i.  pop.  for  Adocchiare,  to  watch. 

2.    in  brick-making,  to  break  up  the  earth  with  the 

eye  of  the  hoe. 

*  Aognato  ;  =  Augnato,  cut  obliquely. 
Aoliato  ;  =  OHato,  (salad)  dressed  with  oil. 

*  Aombr-are;  —  Adombrare,  to  shadow  out.    Aff. 
•am6nto. 

*  Aomiliare  ;  =  Umiliare,  to  humiliate. 
tAoncare;  to  retch. 

*  Aoncinare  ;  —  Uncinare,  to  bend  into  a  hook. 
tAonco  nt.\  effect  of  retching. 

*  Aonestare  ;  =  Coonestare,  to  palliate,  to  cloak. 

Abnia/  ;  (geogr.)  a  part  of  Boeotia 
which  contained  the  Aonian  mountains 


and  the  fountain  Aganippe.     Aonie  so- 
relle,  the  Muses. 

*  Aontare  ;=Adontare,  to  find  fault  with. 

*  Aoprare  ;  =  Adoperare,  to  employ. 
*Aorare;  to  pray. 
*Aorbare;  to  blind. 

*Aorcare;  i.  to  hang.  ii.  II  Diavolo  t'  aorchi, 
may  the  Devil  take  you!  (In  the  first  sense  cp. 
Span,  korca,  L.  furca,  gallows;  in  the  second  the 
derivation  is  from  Oreo,  L.  orcus,  hell.) 

Aorist-o  m.  (Gr.);  aorist.    Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

*  Aormare  (It.  orma);  to  tract. 

Aorta/?;  the  aorta,  the  great  artery  from  the 
heart. 

Etym.  Gr.  <  aet'pw,  to  hang  up.  The  word  was 
used  orig.  in  the  //.  for  the  bronchial  tubes. 

*  Aortare  ;  of  animals,  to  abort. 

'Aov-are  (It.  ovo);  to  make  oval,  -arsi,  to 
crouch  down  for  the  purpose  of  laying  an  egg. 

*  Apa  /!;  =  Ape,  bee. 

*  Apalato  (L.  paltiin);  manifest. 

*  ApallageyC  (Gr.)  ;  digression,  parenthesis. 
Aparfne  tn.  (Gr.);  (bot.)  goose-grass,  v.  Ap- 

piccamani. 

Aparten6re ;  v.  Appartenere. 
*Apartia,    *  Aparzia  f.\  —  Tramontana,    north 
«'ind. 

ApatiayC(Gr.  iv^Afta);  apathy. 
Apatista  m. ;    i.   apathetic  person.     2.    one  of 
the  Apatisti,  an  Academy  of  that  name, 
t  Apatocchiato ;  asleep. 
Ape  m.  (L.  apis);  bee. 

•Apeliot-a  /.,  *-e  m.  (Gr.  dmj^twTTjs) ;  east 
wind. 

*  Apenari  m.  pl.\  \.  gladiators  who  fought  to  the 
last.     ii.    actors  who  took  the  part  of  gods. 

Apergolato;  (vet.)  a  term  applied  to  the  neck 
of  a  horse  when  it  is  concave  above  instead  of  being 
arched. 

Aperitive;  (vied.)  aperient. 

ApertayC;  i.  in  straw-plaiting,  a  length  equal 
to  the  outstretched  arms.  2.  opening.  Ad  —  di 
libro,  the  page  that  presents  itself  on  opening  a 
book. 

Apertam6nte;  openly. 

Apertis;  In  the  Latin  phrase  Apertis  verbist 
frankly. 

Ap6rt-0;  i.  part.  Apr  ire.  2.  as  ndj. 
open. 

*  i.    open  (to  rebuke),      ii.    ruptured,      iii.    batta- 
•;lia  -a,  pitched  battle,     iv.    the  high  (seas),     v.    of 
colours,  light,     vi.   of  drawing,  clear,     vii.    Nave  -a, 
undecked  vessel,     viii.  (utetallurg.)  Pani  -i,  cakes  of 
alloy  which  after  the  fusion  remain  honeycombed. 
As  sb.  ix.  =Apertura,  opening,     x.   empty  space  in 
a  furnace,    xi.  embrasure  in  a  fortification,    xii.  dis- 
location of  a  bone. 

Apertura./;  opening.  —  di  mente,  ready  in- 
telligence. Prezzo  d'  — ,  upset  price. 

Apetalo;  (bot.)  without  petals. 
*Apiaio  ///.  (L.  apis);  bee-keeper. 
Apiario  /».;  place  for  beehives,  apiary. 

A'pice  ///.  (L.  apex] ;  I.  apex.  2.  dash 
placed  to  a  letter  in  algebra  as  x'.  3.  bar 
over  a  vowel  to  indicate  that  it  is  long, 
as  Roma. 

*i.  a  pointed  piece  of  wood  surrounded  at  the 
base  with  wool  at  the  top  of  the  cap  worn  by  the 
Flamines  and  Salii  of  ancient  Rome.  ii.  minute 
portion,  jot,  tittle. 

Apicio  m.  \  Three  persons  of  the  name  of 
Apicius  in  ancient  Rome  were  famous  for  gluttony, 
and  the  name  now  signifies  a  person  skilled  in 
matters  of  cookery. 

Apicolo  m. ;  dim.  Apice. 

Api-cult6re  tn.;  bee-keeper.     Aff.  -cultura. 

A  pio  (Appio)  m.'t  (bot.)  celery,  Apium  grave- 
olens,  usu.  Sedano. 

Apiolina  or  Appiolin«_/C;  (hot.')  Erba — ,  com- 
mon chamomile,  A  nthemis  nobilis. 

Apioriso  m,;  v.  Appioriso. 

Apireni  (Gr.  a  priv.,  irvpyv,  fruit-stone);  of 
fruit,  without  pips. 

Apiressiayi  (Gr.  a/nw.,  irupefis,  fever);  inter- 
mission of  fever. 

A'piro  (Gr.  a/r/c'.,  irup,  fire);  incombustible  or, 
of  minerals,  infusible. 

Apistico;  relating  to  bees. 

Aplanatico  (Gr.  a  Pri7>.t  ir^avata,  to  wander); 
of  the  object-glass  of  an  optical  instrument,  free 
from  spherical  aberration. 

*Aploida  f.  (Gr.  an-Aois);  vest  anciently  worn 
under  the  tunic. 

Apldma  (Gr.  airAo?,  simple) ;  a  variety  of  garnet 
marked  with  fine  streaks. 

Aplustre  m.  (L.);  a  carved  ornament  on  the 
upper  part  of  the  stern  of  a  ship. 


APNEA— APPANNARE 


Apnea  f.  (Gr.  air?oia)  ;  (wed.)  difficulty  in 
breathing. 

Apo  m.  (L.  «/«j);  the  constellation  known  as 
Apus  or  bird  of  Paradise  in  the  southern  hemisphere. 
*Apoca  .  f.  (L.  apoc/ta  —  Gr.  a.iro\^);  i.   written 
contract,     ii.    receipt  for  a  debt  paid. 

Apocaliss-e  or  -i  f,  (Gr.  an-oKciAui/fts)  ;  the 
Apocalypse  or  Book  of  Revelation.  Cavalieri  dell' 
—  ,  a  religious  sect  at  Rome  in  t'i;  i/th  century. 

Apocarpi  m.  pi.  ;  (&>/.)  fruits  Bringing  from  a 
simple  pistil  (Lindley),  or  fruits  entirely  or  partially 
separate  as  the  carpels  of  a  compound  pistil  (De 
CandoIIe). 

Apocatarsi  f.  (Gr.  OTTO,  Ko.0a.po-i>;,  cleaning); 
purge. 

Appcatastasi  f,  (Gr.  an-6,  Kara,  arao-is);  -{kg.) 
i.  re-trial  of  a  convict.  2.  (oj/r.)(rt)  one  complete 
revolution  of  the  equinoxes,  which  takes  about  25 
years  ;  (fi)  one  revolution  of  a  planet  in  its  orbit. 

Apocinee  /://.;  (&»/.)  the  periwinkle  tribe  of 
plants,  Apocyneae,  It  includes  trees,  shrubs  and 
herbaceous  plants,  one  of  which  is  the  common  peri- 
winkle, It.  pervinca. 

Ap6cino  »*.  ;  (bot.)  i.  fly  trap  of  N.  America, 
Apocynum  atidrosae  mi  folium  ^  also  termed  Chiappa 
mosche,  Piglia  moschc,  Strozzacane.  2.  —  dc' 
Veneziani,  Venetian  dug's  bane,  Apocynum  Vene- 
tian, also  termed  Esula  veneziana.  3.  —  serpeggi- 
ante,  Syrian  silk  plant,  Periploca  graeca,  also  termed 
Topo. 

Apdcope  _/I  (Gr.  a.iroitoinj')  ',  cutting  a  word 
short,  as  Gua'  for  Guarda,  Po'  for  Poco. 

Apdcrifo  (Gr.  a»ro»cpu«£ps)  ;  apocrypha!. 
*Apocrisario  or  Apocrisiario  m.  ;   messenger 


from  the  Pope  to  the  Emperor. 
Apocrisi/ (Gr.an-6/cpi-   x- 
of  the  Roman  Catholic  lituri 


ge 
part 


liturgy. 

Apodemia  /,  (Gr.  OTTO,  ;S>j/xo$,  people);  home- 
sickness. 

Apoditerio  m.  (Gr.  airo&vniptov) ;  dressing- 
room  of  a  Roman  bath. 

Apodittico  (Gr.  aTro5et(CTi*c6s) ;  self-evident. 

A'podo(Gr.  a  fn'v.t  irovs,  iro&Qs,  foot);  without 
feet,  or,  of  fishes,  without  fins. 

Apodosiy?  (Gr.  affdiotns) ;  the  conclusion  of  a 
conditional  sentence,  the  first  part  of  which  is  the 
protasis. 

Ap6fisiyi  (Gr,  airoi^vcriO ;  i.  (iittat.)  apophysis, 
bony  prominence.  2.  (bot.)  the  enlargement  at  the 
base  of  the  spore-case  in  some  of  the  mosses. 

Apoflemmatismo  m.  (Gr.  an-d,  <^Aey/ia, 
phlegm) ;  expectorant  drug. 

Apoforeti  m.  pi.  (Gr.  an-6,  $cpu») ;  presents 
given  for  guests  to  take  away  at  the  Roman  Satur- 
nalia. 

Apoftegma  or  Apoftemma  m.;  v.  Apotegma. 

Apogeo  m.  (Gr.  area,  y<ua,  earth);  apogee, 
maximum  distance  of  the  moon  from  the  earth. 

•As  adj.,  of  wind,  blowing  along  the  ground  as 
opposed  to  Altano. 

Apdgrafo  (Gr.  OTTO,  ypa<£w) ;  copied  from  an 
original  document  or  inscription. 

*As  sl>.  //.,  officials  of  the  Senate  at  Athens. 

Apdll-ine  m. ;  i.  Apollo.  Stare  in  — ,  to  live 
in  luxury  (from  the  dining-room  of  Lucullus  the 
Roman  epicure  which  was  dedicated  to  Apollo) 
Aff.  -meo. 

Apollo  m.\  i.  Apollo.  2.  the  name  of  a  species 
of  butterfly.  3.  a  genus  of  conchiferous  molluscs. 

Applloniana  ;  (math)  an  adj.  used  to  describe 
the  ordinary  conic  section,  as  distinguished  from  a 
curve  of  higher  order  ;  from  Apollonius  of  Perga,  an 
early  writer  on  conic  sections. 

Apologia/  (Gr.);  apology,  defence,  esp.  of 
the  Christian  religion. 

Aff.  Apolog-etica  apologetics,  -etico,  -ista. 

Apdlog-o  m.  (Gr.);  apologue,  fable.  Aff. 
-he"tto  dim. 

*Apone;  i.  =  Fuco,  drone.     ii.  =  Lampone,  rasp- 
berry. 

Aponeurdsi  or  Aponevrdsi/(Gr.  an-6,  vevpw, 
sinew);  (anat)  aponeurosis,  the  expanded  tendon  in 
which  some  of  the  muscles  terminate. 

Apopl-esaia/  (Gr.);  apoplexy.    Aff.  -ettico. 
•Apoponaco    m. ;  =  Opoponaco    q.v.,    a    gum 
resin. 

'Aporisma   m.  (Gr.   a  friv.t   Tropos,   passage); 
(mat A.)  insoluble  problem. 

*Aporrea/  (Gr.  OTTO,  pVw,  to  flow);  i.  running 
sore.     ii.  falling  off  of  the  hair. 

Aposiopesi  f.  (Gr.  in-o,  atwrn^trtv,  silence); 
(rfut)  abrupt  stoppage  in  the  middle  of  a  sentence. 

Apostasia  /  (Gr.  i^on^u,  to  stand  away) ; 
apostasy. 

Aff.  Apost-ata,  -atare. 

Apostema    M.   (Gr.    affd<7T>j^i<i) ;    i.    abscess. 
2.    vomica,  abscess  in  the  lungs. 
*  Apostjccio  m. ',  v.  Apposticcio. 

Apoatillay:;=Postilla,  marginal  note. 

Apoatol-icaminte;  v.  -ico.  -ato  m.\  apostle- 
ship. 

Apostdlic-o;  i.  apostolic.  2.  with  authority 
derived  from  the  Pope  ;  Bulla  -a,  Papal  bull.  3.  Sua 

H. 


Maesta  -a,  the  Emperor  of  Austria.  4.  Predicare, 
Vestire  all1  -a,  to  preach,  or  to  dress  carelessly. 
5.  Chiesa  -a,  church  founded  by  an  Apostle. 

*  i.  as  s6.  the  Pope.     ii.  Eta  -a,  the  age  in  which 
the  Apostles  lived,     iii.   Corona  -a,  apostolic,  i.e. 
episcopal  crown,    iv.    Notaio  — ,  in  every  diocese, 
the  title  of  the  registrar  of  ecclesiastical  proceedings. 

*  Apostolicone  m. ;  an  ointment,  so  called  from 
being  composed  of  twelve  ingredients. 

Apbstolo  m.  (Gr.  dn-d,  or/AXco,  to 
send);  i.  apostle;  Far  1'  — ,  to  stand 
like  a  statue;  Mani  e  piedi  d'  — ,  very 
large  hands  and  feet;  Diti  d'  — ,  puff 
pastry  with  cream  inside.  2.  in  //., 
(mar.)  a  pair  of  bitts  near  the  bows, 
knight  heads. 

Apostrofare  iiid.  apostrofo ;  i.  to  mark  with 
an  apostrophe.  2.  to  apostrophise,  to  turn  from  the 
actual  hearer  and  address  an  imaginary  one. 

Ap6strofe  f.  (Gr.  airo0rpo4>7j) ;  v.  Apostro- 
fare (2). 

Apdstrofo  m.  (Gr.  airo<rrpo<fros) ;  apostrophe, 
mark  denoting  that  a  word  is  contracted. 

Apotecio  m.  (Gr.  a7ro0vj«»7,  receptacle) ;  (bot.)  a 
case  of  spore-cells  in  lichens,  apothecium. 

Apotegma  or  Apotemma  (Apoftegma,  Apof- 
temma) /«.  (Gr.  aTro^dryfia) ;  i.  Apothegm,  terse 
precept.  2.  i.  q.  Apotema. 

Apotelesrnatico ;  (leg.)  a  term  relating  to 
judicial  decisions  in  regard  to  birth. 

Apotema  in.  ;  i.  perpendicular  dropped  from 
the  centre  of  a  regular  polygon  to  one  of  its  sides. 

2.  height  of  one  of  the  triangles  enclosing  a  regular 
pyramid.     3.  (flttarm.)  the  extractive  residue  after 
evaporating  a  solution  or  tincture. 

Apote6si  f.  (Gr.  aTrofle'axris)  ;  apotheosis.     Far 
1'  —  d'  uno,  to  praise  him  up  to  the  skies. 
Apdtesiy:  (Gr.);  =  Apodosi. 

*  Apotome  m.  (Gr.  airo,  ran  cutting);  i.  (math.) 
the  difference  between  two  quantities  incommensur- 
able with  each  other,  as  the  side  and  diagonal  of  a 
square,     ii.    (WMJ.)  the  remaining  part  of  a  whole 
tone  after  a   major   semitone   has   been   subtracted 
from  it. 

Apozzema  or  Apozzima  /.  (Gr.  airo,  few,  to 
boil);  a  sweetened  decoction  of  a  powerful  drug. 

Appaccare  (It.  pacco);  to  pack  up. 

Appacchettare  ind.  appacchdtto 
(It.  pacchetto) ;  to  make  up  in  packets. 

*Appaciare  (It.  pace);  to  restore  peace. 
^Appacificare  ind.  appacifico  (It.  pacifico) ;  to 
pacify. 

Appadiglion-are  ind.  appadigliono  (It.  padi- 
glione);  to  arrange  like  a  tent,  -arsi,  of  an  army,  to 
set  up  the  tents. 

Appadron-are  ind.  appadrono  (It.  padrone); 
i.  to  appropriate  that  for  which  no  owner  is  forth- 
coming. Part,  -ato:  2.  adjudged  by  legal  process. 

3.  of  a  slave,  belonging  to  some  owner. 

Appag-are  (It.  pago) ;  to  satisfy. 
Aff.  -abile,  -ame"nto. 

Appagliaiare  (It.  pagliaio) ;  to  stack 
(hay). 

Appai-are  (It.  paio) ;  to  pair.  Prov. 
used  of  a  married  couple  who  have  de- 
fects in  common,  esp.  physical  defects. 
Da  Montelupo  si  vede  Capraia,  Iddio 
fa  le  persone  e  poi  1'  appaia.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Appaiat6io  m.\  cage  for  birds  to  pair  in. 
Appalancare  (It.  palanca);  to  enclose  with  a 
palisade. 

Appalesare  ;  =  Palesare,  to  make 
public. 

t  Appaligginarsi ;  to  take  a  nap. 

Appallare  (It.  palla);  to  make  up 
into  a  ball. 

Appallott-are  or  Appallottol-are 
ind.  appal!6tt-o,  -ottolo  (It.  pallotta)  ; 
to  make  into  balls  or  lumps,  -arsi,  to 
form  lumps,  e.g.  when  the  iron  in  smelt- 
ing partly  cools  into  lumps  in  the 
furnace,  or  when  the  stuffing  of  a 
mattress  forms  lumps,  etc. ;  also  of  a 


hedge-hog   or  wood-louse,   to   roll    up 
into  a  ball. 

*-arsi:  i.  of  the  tongue,  when  a  speaker  is 
hesitating,  to  curl  up.  ii.  of  clouds,  to  form  masses. 

Appalmato  ;  (herald.)  with  the  hand  open, 
t  Appalparellarsi ;  to  take  a  nap. 

Appalt-are ;  to  let  a  contract. 
-atdre  /«.,  contractor. 

Appalto  m.  (etym.  unkn. ;  the  mlt. 
forms  apaltus,  appaltus  seem  to  be  only 
Latinised  Italian);  i.  contract  with  a 
government,  usu.  a  local  government, 
to  maintain  some  service,  or  to  farm 
some  tax,  etc.  Dare,  Prendere  in  — , 
to  grant,  or  take  such  a  contract.  2.  the 
office  where  the  disposal  of  these  con- 
tracts is  managed,  excise  office.  3.  shop 
for  the  sale  of  tobacco  or  salt,  these 
commodities  being  sold  under  govern- 
ment licence.  4.  Aver  1'  —  di  una 
cosa,  to  have  it  in  abundance.  5.  Esser 
puntuale  come  un  — ,  to  pay  very 
punctually.  6.  =  Abbonamento,  season 
ticket,  or  some  equivalent  arrangement, 
e.g.  at  a  theatre.  *  monopoly. 

•Appaltonato  adj.  (It.  paltone,  mendicant); 
beggarly. 

Appaltdne  m.  (from  Appalto  in  the 
sense  of  one  who  gives  himself  the  airs 
of  a  government  contractor,  or  who 
obtains  a  contract  by  making  himself 
out  to  be  better  than  he  is) ;  =  Ciaccione, 
one  who  talks  very  big ;  meddling,  self- 
consequent  person,  coxcomb. 

t  Appalugarsi ;  to  take  a  nap. 
*Appamondo  ;«.;=Mappamondo. 

Appanare  ind.  appano  (A)  (It. 
pane) ;  to  form  cakes  (of  sulphur,  paint, 
sugar,  etc.). 

*(B)  (L.  pamis,  thread  wound  upon  a  bobbin; 
cp.  Gr.  Tr^i/05,  Hi}vf\6ireta) ;  to  wind  the  thread  upon 
tne  bobbin,  the  opposite  of  Dipanare. 

* Appancacciarsi  (It.  pancaccia,  bench);  to  sit 
doing  nothing. 

Appanciollarsi ;  ///.  to  lie  Apan- 
ciolle,  i.e.  with  the  stomach,  Pancia,  in 
the  air ;  to  lie  stretched  out  at  ease. 

Appanettare  ind.  appane'tto;  to 
make  little  cakes,  Panetti,  e.g.  of  choco- 
late, butter,  etc. 

Appanicare  ind.  appanfco;  to  ac- 
custom birds  to  feed  on  panico,  millet- 
seed. 

Appannaggio  m.  (mlt.  apanare, 
apanagium,  from  L.  fanis,  bread) ; 
i.  appanage  or  portion  of  land  assigned 
by  a  sovereign  prince  for  the  subsistence 
of  his  younger  sons.  2.  allowance, 
generally,  of  this  kind  (usu.  Piatto). 

3.  allowance  of  any  kind  for  the  main- 
tenance of  any  person  of  distinction. 
4-  fig-  prerogative. 

Appann-are  (It.  panno,  cloth;  in 
some  of  the  senses,  however,  it  would 
be  referable  rather  to  Panna,  cream) ; 
i.  to  form  a  film  such  as  that  on  a 
polished  silver  cup  which  contains  iced 
water.  2.  to  dim  the  clearness  of  the 
eye,  or  Jig.  of  the  mental  vision.  3.  to 
draw  in  the  net  for  catching  birds. 

4.  —  gli  uccelli,  to  entangle  birds,  after 
they  have  entered  the  decoy,  in  a  net 
so  that  they  can  be  caught  by  the  hand. 

6 


APPANNATOIO— APPIASTRO 


5.  intr.  —  nella  sua  ragna,  to  be 
entangled  in  one's  own  net,  caught  in 
one's  own  trap.  6.  part,  -ato,  of  a 
person's  salary  or  of  the  provision  for 
a  meal,  abundant,  ample. 

*i.  to  cover  with  a  cloth,  ii.  jfiff.  —  Tappezzare. 
Un  seggio  erboso  o  di  verde  muschio  -ato,  a  grassy 
seat  or  one  covered  with  green  moss.  iii.  to  measure 
(cloth).  As  reft,  -arsi  :  iv.  of  milk,  to  form  the 
surface  layer  of  cream,  or  of  boiled  milk  to  form 
the  skim  on  the  surface,  v.  of  the  eyes,  to  become 
sleepy.  Part,  -ato  :  vi.  of  wine,  crusted,  vii.  of 
fruit,  covered  with  bloom,  not  knocked  about. 

Appannatoio  tit.;  I.  cloth  drawn 
over  a  horse's  eyes  when  it  will  not 
otherwise  stand  still.  2.  cloth  for  giving 
the  final  rubbing  to  a  horse's  coat. 

Appannatfctto  ;  plump. 

Appann-atura^C;  vbsb,  of  -are. 
Appannume  m.  ;  nitrifying  plants  employed  to 
enrich  the  soil,  such  as  lupins. 

*  Apparamento  m.  ;=Paramento,  vestment. 
*Appar-are    (L.);    i.    to    put    on    (vestments). 

ii.  to  get  (a  place)  ready,  iii.  =  Imparare,  to  learn. 
iv.  to  prepare,  v.  -arsi,  to  meet. 

*  Apparaticcio  ;  ill-digested  (knowledge). 

Apparato  m.;  i.  get-up,  prepara- 
tions for  a  festival,  requisites  for  an 
army,  fittings  for  a  stage  in  a  theatre,  etc. 
2.  apparatus  for  an  experiment  or  for 
a  surgical  operation.  3.  (agr.)  covering 
placed  over  a  wound  in  a  tree  to  keep 
the  air  from  it. 

Apparatdre  m.  \  attendant,  esp.  one 
who  decorates  a  church  on  festival-days. 

*  Apparatorio  (mlt.  apfitiratorium'}  m.  ;  place  for 
making  the  preparations  for  a  burial. 

*  Apparatura  f.  ;  =  Paratura,  ornamentation. 

Appareccbiare  ind.  apparecchio 
(mlt.  pariculus,  dim.  of  L.  par,  so  that 
the  orig.  meaning  of  Apparecchiare  was 
to  pair,  to  match);  i.  tr.  to  get  ready. 
2.  intr.  to  lay  the  table  for  dinner,  etc. 

*i.  to  provide,     ii.  to  suggest,     iii.  to  match. 

Apparecchio  m.  ;  i.  outfit.  2.  dinner- 
service.  3.  arrangement  of  a  dinner- 
table.  4.  apparatus,  gear.  5.  requisites 
for  any  kind  of  action.  6.  indication 
of  a  good  harvest  in  the  appearance 
of  the  crops  at  their  early  stages. 
7.  (paint.')  priming,  ground  colour,  v. 
Imprimitura.  8.  (mar.}  purchase. 

*i.  pastry,  ii.  disposition,  order,  iii.  in  —  , 
ready,  iv.  (tued.)  —  sintomatologico,  the  symptoms 


, 

of  an  illness  taken  together,    v.  (arch.}  cutting  stones 
to    the    desired    shape    for    buildin 
surface  given  to  table-cloths,  etc. 


tting  st 

to    the    desired    shape    for    building.      vi.    lustrous 
rface  given  to  table-cloths,  etc. 
*  Appareggiare;  =  Pareggiare,  to  match. 


*  Appareggiare;  =  Pareggiare,  to  m 

*  Apparegliare  ;  ?•.  Apparecchiare, 
•Apparent-are  (It.  parente)  ;  i.  to  behave  with 

the  familiarity  of  a  relation,     ii.    -arsi,  to   become 
related  by  marriage  (usu.  Imparentarsi). 

Apparigliare  (It.  pariglia);  to  make 
a  pair. 

Apparire  ind.  appaio  or  apparisco, 
appariorapparisci,  appare  or  apparisce, 
appaiamo  (not  commonly  used),  apparite, 
appaiono  or  appariscono,  is\.pers.perf. 
apparii,  apparsi  or  apparvi,  part,  ap- 
parso  or  apparito  (L.  apparere);  to 
appear. 

Aff.  Appar-ente,  -enteme"nte,  -enza, 
-imdnto,  -iscente  conspicuous,  -iscenza, 
-ita  first  appearance. 

Apparizidne  /  ;  i.  apparition,  esp. 
of  a  ghost.  2.  (astr.)  rising  of  a  star. 

*  presentation  of  a  bill  for  acceptance. 


Apparso ;  part.  Apparire. 
Appartame'nto  m. ;  lodgings,  rooms. 

•distance  between  two  objects. 

Appart-are  (It.  parte);  to  put  on 
one  side,  -arsi,  to  go  away,  separate 
oneself.  Luogo  -ato,  out-of-the-way 
place. 

Appartatam^nte,  separately. 

Apparten6nz-a  / ;  i.  belongings. 
2.  in  pi.  L'  -e  del  I'  anno,  the  festivals 
and  other  events  of  a  year  which  are 
entered  in  a  calendar. 

*  i.  physical  property,  e.g.  of  a  diamond,     ii.  ac- 
cessories. 

Appar-ten^re  (Apartenere)  ind.  ap- 
partengo -tieni  -teni&mo  -tengono,  perf. 
appart?nni  -tene'sti,  fut.  apparterro 
(L.  ad-pertinere) ;  i.  to  belong.  2.  to 
be  related.  3.  Questo  non  m'  appar- 
tiene,  this  does  not  concern  me. 

*  Appassa re ;  i.   v.  Appassire.     ii.  =  Passare,  to 
pass  away. 

Appassimento  m. ;  v.  Appassire. 

Appassion-are  ind.  appassiono  (It. 
passione);  to  impassion,  -arsi,  to  be 
deeply  affected,  to  have  a  passion  for. 
Ajf.  -ame"nto,  -atame'nte,  -ate"zza. 

Appassionirsi ;  to  be  easily  affected. 

Appass-ire  or  -irsi  ind.  -isco  (L. 
passus,  v.  Passo  adj.)  ;  of  flowers,  to 
wither;  of  fruit,  to  shrivel.  *of  vision, 
to  be  dulled. 

•Appassonare  (It.  passone);  to  tie  up  cattle  in 
the  stall. 

*Appast-are  (It.  pasta);  i.  to  knead,  ii.  -arsi, 
to  condense,  as  fumes  of  a  smoky  flame  on  a  wall. 

*  Appastellare  (It.  pastello);  to  make  pellets. 

Appastellarsi  ind.  m'  appastello,  to 
form  little  lumps,  as  copal  varnish  when 
it  is  not  laid  on  properly. 

Appazz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  pazzo);=Impazzire, 
to  go  mad. 

Appedare(L.  pes, pedis)\  to  take  mounted  men 
off  their  horses. 

Appellare  ind.  appello  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Appeal) ;  i.  to  name,  used/s/.  only 
in  the  prov. ;  Guelfo  non  son,  ne 
Ghibellin  m'  appello:  Chi  mi  da  da 
mangiar  tengo  da  quello,  I  am  no 
Guelph,  nor  call  myself  Ghibelline :  I 
am  for  the  man  who  finds  me  in  food. 
2.  (leg.)  to  appeal.  3.  to  find  cause  for 
criticism. 

*  i.  to  accuse,     ii.  —  a  battaglia,  to  challenge. 
Aff.  Appell-abile,  -abilita,  -ante  appellant,  -ativo, 

-atorio  in  relation  to  appeals,  -azione. 

Appello  m. ;  i.  roll-call ;  —  nominale, 
taking  the  votes  of  members  of  an 
assembly,  one  by  one ;  Contr1  — ,  taking 
the  votes  of  those  who  did  not  vote  the 
first  time.  2.  appeal  for  help.  3.  (leg.) 
appeal ;  —  per  abuso,  appeal  from  the 
spiritual  to  the  temporal  authorities  on 
the  ground  that  the  former  have  ex- 
ceeded their  province;  Qui  non  c'  e  — , 
this  cannot  be  gainsaid;  Senz'  — ,  in- 
disputably. 

*i.  challenge.  _ii.  the  starting-point  in  the  game 
of  Pallamaglio.  iii.  Saper  una  cosa  per  —  e  per 
appunto,  to  know  it  exactly. 

Appe'na  (It.  a  +  pena);  scarcely. 

*  Appen-are  ;  to  torment,    -arsi,  to  exert  oneself, 
•ato,  fined. 


App&ndere/W/.  appdsi,  part,  appdso 
(L.);  to  hang  up. 

*i.    to  weigh,     ii.    intr.   to  hang  over,   be  im- 
pending. 

Appendices;  appendix. 

Appendicista  m. ;  writer  of  tales 
such  as  are  given  at  the  foot  of  many 
newspapers. 

Appendlzie/  pi. ;  sundries,  such  as 
eggs  and  fowls,  supplied  by  a  tenant  to 
his  landlord. 

Appennecchiare  ind.  appenne"cchio 
(It.  pennecchio);  to  arrange  the  wool 
or  cotton,  etc.  upon  the  distaff  for 
spinning. 

Appennecchino  in. ;  the  person  who  makes  up 
the  Pennecchi,  bunches  of  woo!  or  cotton. 

Appennino  ;«.;  the  chain  of  mountains  of  this 
name.     Par  venuto  dall'  — ,  he  seems  to  be  from  the 
Apennines,  i.e.  he  is  rough,  uncouth. 
t  Appensamento  m. ;  clever  idea. 

*  Appensare  ;  to  think  over. 

Appensat-o  ;  one  who  has  his  wits 
about  him.  Aff.  -amente. 

•Appesire  (It.  peso);  to  gain  in  weight. 

Appe'so  ;  part.  Appendere. 

Appest-are  ind.  appesto  (It.  peste)  ; 
i.  to  infect.  2.  to  make  (a  place)  stink 
or,  intr.,  to  stink  ;  -ato,  plague-stricken. 

*  to  spread  plague  or,  intr.,  be  seized  with  it. 

Appet-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  appetere)  ; 
i.  to  desire.  2.  to  stimulate  the  appetite. 

Aff.  Appet-ente  (usu.  -itoso),  -enza,  -[bile  capable 
of  being  desired. 

Appetito  tn.  (L.  appetitus)\  appetite. 
Aff.  Appetit-osamente,  -oso  appetizing. 

Appettare  ind.  appetto  (It.  petto) ; 
i.  of  a  horse,  to  pull  well.  2.  of  a  wall, 
to  bulge.  3.  sellers,  of  a  woman  to 
have  a  fine  breast. 

*i.  to  impute  as  an  accusation.     ii.  to  match. 

Appetto  or  A  p6tto,  prep. ;  I.  in 
comparison  with.  2.  A  —  a  — ,  side 
by  side.  3.  opposite. 

Appezzamento  m. ;  isolated  piece 
of  property. 

Appezz-are  ind.  appezzo  (It.  pezzo) ; 
to  piece  together.  *to  cut  up.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*  Appia  ;  the  name  of  a  kind  of  apple. 
tAppiaccicare;  — Appiccicare,  to  affix,  stick  on. 

Appiacevol-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  pia- 
cevole) ;  to  make  agreeable  or  endurable. 

*Appiallare;=Piallare,  to  plane. 
•Appiamento;  v.  Appiare. 
Appian-amento  ;«. ;  v.  -are. 

Appianare  (It.  piano)  ;  to  smooth 
away  difficulties. 

*  i.   to  smooth,     ii.   to  work  gently,     iii.   to  level 
(a  ditch)  by  filling  it.     iv.  to  stroke  caressingly. 

Appianatdia  f.  ;  plasterer's  smoothing  board, 
"float." 

Appianatoio  ;;/. ;  large  stone  roller. 

Appianazidne^;  reduction  of  acurved  surface 
to  a  plane  one  in  giving  measurements  of  its  area. 
'Appiare;  to  give  opium. 

Appiastrare  (It.  piastra) ;  i.  to 
plaster.  2.  fig.  to  form  close  union. 

Appiastricci-are ;  i.q.  Appiastrare. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Appiastriccicare ;  freq .  of  Appias- 
tricciare. 

Appiastro  m. ;  (bot.)  lemon-scented  verbena. 
v.  Erba  (28). 


APPIATTARE— APPORCARE 


43 


Appiatt-are ;  =  Rimpiattare,  to  hide. 

*  -arsi :  i.  to  cower,     ii.   of  a  place,  to  be  solitary. 
Aff.  Appiatt-amento,  -atamente. 

Appiccagnolo  m.  •  pretext,  lit.  peg 
for  hanging  things  upon. 

Appiccamani  f.;  (hot.)  goose-grass,  Galium 
aparine,  also  termed  Aparine,  Asprella,  Attaccavesti, 
Speronella. 

Appicc-are  (L.  ad,  picare  from  pix, 
pitch) ;  i.  to  fasten  tightly  together. 
2.  to  hang  up.  3.  =  Impiccare,  to  hang 
by  the  neck.  4.  —  fuoco,  to  set  fire  to. 
5.  Appiccarla  ad  uno,  to  make  a  person 
believe  some  absurdity.  6.  to  begin 
(some  serious  affair).  7.  —  un'  amicizia, 
to  form  a  friendship.  As  reft,  -arsi  : 

8.  of   contagious    disease,   to    attack. 

9.  of  a  graft,  to  take,  do  well. 

*i.  to  unite,  to  stick,  ii.  Appiccala  al  muro 
codesta,  put  that  up  as  a  notice,  said  to  one  who 
is  telling  impossible  lies.  iii.  —  baci,  to  kiss ; 

—  ferri,  to  slander ;   —  gli  scartocci,  lit.  to  put  a 
fool's  cap  upon,  i.e.  to  jeer  at ;  —  il  sonaglio,  to 
spread  bad  reports  (about  a  person) ;  —  la  battaglia 
con  uno,  to  assault  him ;  —  pesche  senza  nocciuolo, 
or  coccole,  lit.  to  fasten  peaches  without  stones,  or 
berries,  i.e.  to  strike,  so  as  to  raise  a  bruise ;  —  sonno, 
to  go  to  sleep;  —  una  taccia,  to  make  an  imputation; 

—  zana,  to  deceive.     As  reji.  -arsi:  iv.  to  begin  a 
discourse,      v.    to   conclude,    come   to   agreement. 
vi.     to   hold    on   to,   grasp ;    Tener  il   filo   -ato,    to 
continue  the  proceeding. 

*  Appicca-ticcio  or  *-tivo;  sticky. 

* Appiccat6i-o  m.,  -a /.',  =  Appiccagnolo. 

Appiccatura  / ;  i.  place  of  tran- 
sition in  a  statue  from  part  to  part. 
2.  fastening.  3.  joint.  *hook  for 
hanging  things  up. 

Appicciare  (It.  piccia);  i.  to  couple 
figs  or  loaves  of  bread,  etc.,  in  strings, 
or  lines,  v.  Piccia.  2.  —  i  ceri,  to  burn 
off  the  end  of  the  wick  of  a  candle  not 
previously  lit,  so  that  it  shall  light 
readily  when  wanted  for  use. 

*  i.  to  stick,     ii.  of  fruit,  to  set. 

Appicciatura  / ;  i.  v.  Appicciare. 
2.  fee  paid  for  fixing  up  a  new  Torcetto, 
bundle  of  candles,  and  for  the  wax 
consumed  in  the  Torcetto  that  has  been 
in  use ;  the  candle  merchant  does  not 
charge  for  the  wax  unconsurhed  and 
returned  to  him,  v.  Torcetto. 

Appiccic-are  ind. appiccico ;  i./rey., 
but  with  the  effect  of  a  dim.,  of  Ap- 
picciare, to  stick  on  but  not  securely; 
the  meaning  is  conveyed  more  clearly 
in  the  fuller  phrase,  —  collo  sputo,  to 
stick  with  saliva.  2.  -ato  collo  sputo, 
fig.  of  a  person  whose  tenure  of  his 
office  is  insecure.  3.  -ato,  or  -ato  d' 
intorno,  of  a  person  who  never  quits 
some  house.  4.  —  uno  schiaffo,  to  slap. 
5.  — una  cosa,  to  palm  off  a  bad  article 
as  good.  Aff.  -atura. 

Appiccicaticcio ;  sticky.  As  si.: 
i.  patchwork,  hotch-potch.  2.  clumsy 
compilation. 

Appiccichino  m. ;  person  who  will 
not  leave  you. 

t  Fare  appiccichino  or  a  piccichino ;  of  two 
gamesters  who,  having  lost  in  a  game  of  four  players, 
play  each  other  in  a  pair  game,  to  decide  who  shall 
pay  the  losses  of  both. 

Appiccicdso;  sticky.  \i.q.  Ap- 
piccichino. 

Appiccin-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  piccino) ; 
to  belittle  (usu.  Impiccinire). 


Appicciol-are  ind.  appicciolo;  i.  to 
spread  out  to  dry,  v.  Picciuolo.  2.  part. 
-ato,  in  silk-working,  damasked,  orna- 
mented with  a  raised  pattern. 

Appicciol-ire  ind.  -isco;  =Impic- 
ciolire,  to  make  smaller. 

Appicco  ///.  (It.  appiccare);  pretext. 

*i.  —  Appuntamento,  appointment,  ii.  =Addentel- 
lato  y.v.,  something  to  catch  on  to. 

Appiccpl-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  piccolo); 
=  Impiccolire,  to  reduce  in  size. 

Apple  or  A  pi6;  at  the  foot.  Ri- 
manere  a  piedi,  to  fail  in  one's  purpose. 

*Appiedare;  to  take  mounted  troops  off  their 
horses. 

Appieghettare ;  =  Pieghettare,  to 
crease. 

Appieno;  completely. 

*  Appigherarsi  (It.  pighero  for  pigro);=Impi- 
grirsi,  to  be  idle. 

Appigion-are  ind.  appigiono  (It. 
pigione);  to  let.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Appigionasi  m. ;  the  notice  "  To 
Let." 

Appigli-arsi  (It.  pigliare);  i.  to 
choose  one's  course  of  action,  or  one's 
party.  2.  to  seize,  catch  hold  of.  3.  of 
plants,  to  strike  root. 

*  i.  —  a  uno,  to  attach  oneself  to  him.     ii.  of  fire, 
to  take  hold.     iii.   of  the  blood,  to  curdle,     iv.   to 
begin,     v.    to  participate,     vi.    to   dispose   oneself, 
to  intend,     vii.   fart,  -ato,  surrounded. 

Appfglio  m. ;  excuse,  pretext. 

•Appillottarsi  (It.  pillotta);  i.  to  fasten  oneself 
(on  some  one),  ii.  to  plant  oneself  down. 

Appinz-are;  =Pinzare,  to  sting. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Appinzo  m.;  i.  sting,  i.e.  the  act 
of  stinging.  2.  sour  taste  that  beer 
gets,  when  kept  too  long. 

tthe  sting,  i.e.  the  part  of  the  wasp  which  stings. 

*  Appio  m.  ;  =  Apio,  celery. 
Appidla/l;  a  kind  of  apple,  v.  Appiolo. 
Appiolina  /. ;  =  Camomilla,   common   chamo- 

mile. 

Appi6Io  m. ;  (fat.}  the  rennet  apple-tree,  Pyrus 
mains  apiana. 

Appiombagginare  (It.  piombaggine) ;  to  cover 
with  plumbago  for  electro-plating  a  non-conducting 
surface. 

Appiombare  ind.  appi6mbo,  to  test 
with  a  plumb-line. 

*  Appiombatoio  m.;  (mil.)  loop-hole  in  a  para- 
pet, v.  Piombatoio. 

Appi6mbo  or  A  pi6mbo;  perpen- 
dicular. Un  ballerino  ha  un  bell'  — , 
a  dancer  is  a  good  equilibrist,  viz.  when 
he  alights  after  a  great  jump  in  a 
position  of  equilibrium  and  maintains  it. 

Appiopp-are  ind.  appi6ppo  (It. 
pioppo ;  in  the  secondary  senses  how- 
ever of  the  word,  which  are  those  in 
which  it  is  now  current,  Caix  prefers 
derivation  from  appropiare  for  appro- 
priare) ;  i.  to  hit  with  a  good  hard  blow 
of  the  fist,  or  a  stick,  etc.  2.  to  say 
home  truths  in  plain  language.  3.  to 
palm  off  an  inferior  article  as  of  good 
quality ;  -arsi  in  un  luogo,  to  take  up  a 
position  and  stay  there  when  it  causes 
annoyance. 

*i.  to  train  vines  upon  poplars,  ii.  to  plant  with 
poplars,  t  -arsi,  to  be  fast  asleep. 


Appioriso  or  Apioriso  m. ;  (tat.)  celery-leaved 
crowfoot,  Ranunculus  sceleratus. 

*  Appiso  ;  v.  Appeso. 

Appisolarsi  ind.  m'  appfsolo  (It. 
pisolo) ;  to  doze. 

t  Appitto ;  (money)  in  large  coins  as  opposed  to 
small  change. 

tAppittuito;  foppishly  dressed. 

Appiudla  ;  v.  Appiola. 
t  Appizzare  ;  to  sharpen  stakes. 
Applacid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  placido);  to  soothe. 

*  Applanare  ;=Salire,  to  climb. 
Applaud-ire  ind.  applaudo  or  -isco,  applaudi 

or  -isci  -isce,  applaudiamo  -ite  -iscono,  perf.  ap- 
plaudii,  part,  -ito  (L.  ad,  plaudert,  further  etym. 
dub.)\  to  applaud.  Ajj.  -itore. 

Applauso  m.  (L.  applausHS)  ;  applause. 

Applic-are  ind.  applico  (L.);  to  apply.  —  la 
messa,  to  read  mass  as  directed.  Aff.  -abile,  -abilita, 
-atamente,  -atore. 

ApplicazioneyT;  i.  as  E.  2.  (cam.)  "declara- 
tion," in  respect  to  a  floating  policy  of  insurance,  of 
the  name  of  the  ship. 

*Appo  (L.  apud)\  i.  near,  by,  with,  in  com- 
parison  with.  ii.  after,  iii.  afterwards. 

Appoder-are  ind.  appodeVo  (It.  po- 
dere) ;  to  bring  land  into  a  state  fit  for 
letting,  -arsi,  to  settle  on  a  farm.  *to 
subdue.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azidne. 

*  Appodiare  (mlt.  podium)  ;  (leg.)  to  enfeoff. 

Appodiatdre  m. ;  feudal  overlord 
to  whom  a  quit  rent  was  payable. 

Appodiazidne/ ;  enfeoffment. 

Appoggiacapo  m. ;  i.  head-rest  for 
keeping  a  person  steady  when  being 
photographed,  etc.  2.  cover  for  the 
end  of  a  sofa  where  a  person  will  lay 
his  head,  antimacassar. 

Appoggi-are  ind.  appoggio  (mlt. 
apodiare  <podium,  a  parapet  or  balcony 
next  the  arena  where  distinguished 
persons  sat);  i.  to  lean;  —  una  scala 
a  un  muro,  to  lean  a  ladder  against 
a  wall.  2.  —  1'  alabarda,  to  live  at  some- 
body else's  expense.  3.  —  la  voce,  in 
singing,  to  lay  stress;  —  una  nota,  in 
music,  to  place  a  subordinate  note, 
Appoggiatura,  before  a  note.  4.  —  un 
colpo,  to  strike  a  blow.  5.  fig.  to  sup- 
port a  motion,  in  an  assembly.  6.  -arsi 
a  uno,  to  depend  upon  him  for  pro- 
tection. 

*i.  —  il  corpo  al  desco,  to  lean  upon  the  table, 
/.'•-  sit  down  to  dine,  or  to  go  up  to  a  counter  to  be 
paid  something,  ii.  to  join ;  Tanti  con  loro  se  ne 
appoggiarono,  so  many  people  of  the  place  went  to 
bear  them  company,  iii.  -ato  =  Adagiato,  stretched 
out  at  ease. 

Aff.  Appoggi-amento  prop,  -ata  leaning,  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Appoggiatdio  m. ;  i.  support,  prop. 
2.  balustrade  of  a  flight  of  steps. 

Appoggiatura  /;  i.  support.  2. 
(tnus.)  appoggiatura,  passing  tone. 

Appbgglo  m. ;  i.  support.  2. fig.  pro- 
tection. 3.  Dare,  Comprare  1'  — ,  to 
grant  or  buy  the  right  of  supporting  a 
house  against  its  neighbour. 

*  Appoiare  ;  =  Appoggiarsi,  to  lean, 
t  Appoidso  ;  tiresome. 

Appollaiarsi  (It.  polio);  i.  to  go  to 
roost.  2.  fig.  to  make  oneself  at  home, 
take  up  one's  abode. 

*  Appomiciare  (It.  pomice) ;  to  rub  with  pumice. 

*  Appontonare  (It.  ponte) ;  =  Puntellare,  to  prop. 
Appoppare  ind.  appoppo  (It.  poppa) ;  to  weigh 

down  the  stern  of  a  ship. 

•Apporcare  ;  to  cultivate  in  furrows,  Porche. 

6—2 


44 


APPORRE— APPUNTARE 


Appo-rre  ind.  appongo  -poni  -p6n- 
gono,  per/,  apposi  -pone'sti,  fut.  ap- 
porro,  part.  app<5sto  (L.  apponere); 
i.  to  affix,  e.g.  a  signature.  2.  to  im- 
pute (some  fault  or  crime).  3.  to  find 
fault;  —  al  sale  che  non  sala,  lit.  to 
criticise  salt  for  not  salting,  i.e.  to  cen- 
sure what  is  not  censurable.  Also,  with 
the  same  meaning,  —  alle  Pandette,  al 
sole,  al  Credo,  al  Paternostro.  4.  -rsi, 
or  -rsi  al  vero,  to  guess  the  answer  to 
a  puzzle.  Prov.  I  piu  matti  di  casa  a 
volte  s'  appongono,  i.e.  it  may  be  the 
fool  of  the  family  who  is  right. 

*  i.   to  appose  or  superpose,     ii.   to  add ;  Se  non 
s'  appon   di  die   in   die,  unless  there  be  something 
added  day  by  day,   D.  Par.  16.  8.     iii.    to  assign. 
iv.    (arith.)  to  divide,     v.   —  code  in  code,  to  spin 
out  an  affair,     vi.    Prov.  Donna  e  popone,  beato  chi 
se  n'  appone,  woman  and  melon,  lucky  is  he  who 
guesses  right.     tApponti,  bella!,  settle,  beauty!,  a 
child's  cry  to  a  butterfly  he  is  running  after. 

Apportare  ind.  apporto  (A)  (L.  ad, 
portare) ;  to  bring. 

*(B)  (It.  porto)  ;  to  come  into  port. 
Aff.  Apport-atore,  -atrice. 

Appositam£nte  (L.  appositus')  ; 
i.  suitably.  2.  on  purpose. 

*  =  A  propositOj  v.  Proposito. 
*'Apposi-ticcio,  -tivo  or  -tizio  ;  =  Posticcio. 

Appbsito  (L.  appositus) ;  expressly 
made  for  its  purpose. 

Apposizione  /  (It.  apporre);  the 
affixing,  e.g.  a  signature. 

Apposolare  ind.  apposolo  (It.  po- 
sola) ;  to  impose  (a  serious  task). 

Appbsta  or  A  pbsta  adv. ;  i .  on 
purpose,  expressly.  2.  for  the  sake  of; 
—  di  due  soldi  non  mette  conte  dirgli 
di  n6,  for  the  sake  of  a  penny  it  is 
not  worth  while  to  refuse  him.  3.  A 
farlo  — ,  (a)  by  a  strange  coincidence, 
as  if  Fortune  had  been  doing  something 
on  purpose,  (b)  On  the  contrary,  instead 
of  which ;  Volevano  que'  messeri  che 
io  spendessi  la  mia  firma,  ma  a  farlo  — 
la  mia  firma  non  1'  hanno  davvero,  those 
gentlemen  wanted  my  signature,  but 
my  signature  on  the  contrary  is  just 
what  they  have  not  got ;  Ti  dicono  che 
e  facile  e  a  farlo  —  e  uno  dei  pezzi  piu 
difficili,  they  tell  you  it  is  easy,  instead 
of  which  it  is  precisely  one  of  the  most 
difficult  pieces  that  there  is ;  Neanche 
a  farlo  —  gli  potevi  dir  meglio,  you 
could  not  have  given  him  a  better 
answer  if  it  had  been  arranged  before- 
hand. 4.  suitable  for  the  occasion ; 
Mi  ci  vuol  un  cavallo  — ,  I  want  a 
horse  to  suit  my  particular  requirements. 
5.  Caffe  — ,  coffee  made  separately  for 
each  customer,  v.  Posta.  6.  A  farlo  — ! 
as  an  emphatic  refusal,  No,  and  I  will 
take  care  of  that ! 

Appost-are  ind.  apposto  (It.  posta); 
to  lie  in  wait  for,  watch  for.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atamdnte. 

*  Apposticcio;  i.  =  Posticcio.    ii.  provisional. 

*  Appostilla/;;=PostiIla,  note. 

App6sto ;  part.  Apporre. 

*  Appostolare ;  to  be  lying  in  wait. 

*  Appoventa  ;  All'  — ,  when  there  is  no  wind. 

Appozz-are  ind.  appozzo  (It.  pozza); 


to   make   pools    in   a    court-yard,   etc. 
-arsi,  to  load  (the  stomach)  with  water. 

*to  dip  into  a  well,  Pozzo. 

Apprat-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  prato); 
i.  to  lay  (land)  down  in  grass.  2.  intr. 
of  a  field  of  young  corn,  to  look  like 
grass. 

Appr6nd-ere  perf.  appresi  apprend- 
^sti,  part,  appre'so  (L.  apprehendere) ; 
i.  =Imparare,  to  learn.  2.  to  be  appre- 
hensive of,  to  fear. 

*i.  to  grasp,  ii.  to  teach,  iii.  to  be  afraid. 
As  refl.  -ersi :  iv.  of  fire  or  fig .  of  love,  to  be 
kindled  ;  Amor  che  ...  ratio  s'  apprende,  love  which 
is  quickly  kindled,  D.  Inf.  10.  too.  v.  =Rapprend- 
ersi,  to  stiffen. 

Aff.  Apprend-ibile,  -iinento. 

Apprendist-a  ;«. ;  apprentice.  Aff. 
-ato,  apprenticeship. 

Apprensi6n-e  /  ;  apprehension,  a- 
larm.  Aff.  -irsi. 

Apprensiva/  ;  power  of  perception. 
Apprensivo;  I.  quick  to  see.  2.  timid. 

Appresellare  ind.  appresello  (It. 
presella);  to  divide  land  into  allotments, 
v.  Presella. 

*  Appresentare  ;  i.  to  present,     ii.  to  represent. 

Appr^so;  part.  Apprendere. 

Appress-are  ind.  appresso  (It.  pres- 
so) ;  to  bring  near.  Aff.  -ame"nto. 

Appresso/rc/.  or  adv.  (It.  a,presso); 
i.  after;  II  giorno  — ,  the  following 
day.  2.  -  -  a  poco,  approximately. 
3.  near.  4.  before,  in  the  presence  of. 
5.  in  the  hands  of.  6.  thereupon,  D. 
Inf.  23.  145.  7.  In  — ,  shortly  after- 
wards, in  the  sequel,  thereupon. 

*  Appressoche  ;  as  soon  as. 

Apprest-are  ind.  appresto  (It. 
presto) ;  to  prepare.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Appresto;   sync,   of  Apprestato.     As  sb.,  pre- 
paration. 

Appreziativo  ;  Giudizio  — ,  comparative  judg- 
ment. 

Apprezzabile ;  valuable. 
Apprezzamfsnto  m. ;  appraisement. 

Apprezz-are  ind.  apprezzo  (mlt. 
appretiare  from  L.  pretinm,  v.  Prezzo) ; 
to  appreciate.  *to  appraise.  -<4^-at6re. 

Apprezzazibne/  (Fr.  appreciation)  • 
explanatory  criticism. 

Approcciare  ind.  approccio  (Fr. 
approcker  from  prache,  L.  propius) ; 
(mi!.)  to  make  approaches  in  attacking 
a  fort. 

Aff.  Approcci-ame'nto,  -o  approach 
work. 

Approdare  ind.  approdo  (A)  (It. 
proda);  i.  to  reach  the  shore.  2.  tr,  to 
bank  up  the  sides  of  a  field.  3.  to  plant 
vines  along  these  banks. 

(B)  (It.  a,  pro,  v.  Pro);  i.  to  be 
useful.  2.  usu.  with  neg.,  of  plants,  to 
flourish. 

*  i.  to  acquire,    ii.  to  profit. 

Apprbdo  m. ;  i.  landing,  reaching 
the  shore.  2.  landing-place. 

Approfittare  (It.  profitto);  to  profit. 

Approfond-are  or  -ire  ind.  -o  or 


-isco  (It.  profondo);  i.  to  deepen. 
2.  Jig.  to  fathom  (the  depths  of  science, 
etc.). 

Aff.  Approfond-amento,  -imento. 

Approntare  ind.  appronto  (It.  pron- 
to); to  make  ready. 

*  Appropinquarsi  (L.  propinyuus  from  prope, 
near) ;  to  approach. 

Appropri-are  or  pop.  Appropiare 
ind.  approprio  (It.  proprio);  I.  to  adapt 
with  propriety.  2.  to  compare;  Gli 
antichi  appropriavano  1'  avarizia  al 
rospo,  the  ancients  compared  avarice  to 
a  toad ;  -arsi,  to  appropriate.  *to  assert, 
affirm. 

Aff.  Appropri-dbile,  -amdnto,  -ata- 
me'nte,  -atore,  -azione. 

Approrato  (It.  prora);  (war.)  down  by  the 
bow,  v.  Appruato. 

Approssim-are  ind.  approssimo  (L.) ;  to  ap 
proximate.  Aff.  -amento,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -azione. 

Approv-are  ind.  appruvo  (L.  approbare  < 
pivliits,  just,  root  pro,  forward) ;  to  approve.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Approvatdri  tn.  pi.;  officials  in  the  Florentine 
republic  who  reported  on  the  sureties  offered  by 
candidates  for  public  office. 

*Approveccio  in. ;  /.</.  *Proveccip,  profit. 

Approvvigion-areorApprovyision-arezW. 
approvigiono  approvisiono  (It.  provvigione,  -isione); 
to  provision.  Aff.  -amento. 

Appruato  (Apruato),    (It.    prua) ;    (mar.)    i.q. 

Approrato,  down  by  the  bow,  overweighted  forward. 

•Appulcrare  (L.  pukher);   to  beautify.     Qual 

ella   ski,   parole   non  ci   appulcro,   I  will  not  mince 

words  in  depicting  it,  D.   Irif.  7.  60. 

*Appulso  (L.  appulsus);  \.  pulsating  impulse. 
ii.  (<ixtr.)  arrival  of  a  heavenly  body  at  some  deter- 
minate point  resulting  in  occultation,  transit  or  eclipse. 

Appuntabile ;  faulty,  full  of  mis- 
takes. 

Appuntamdnte ;  precisely. 

Appuntamento  m. ;  i.  salary.  2.  ap- 
pointment to  be  at  a  certain  place  at 
a  certain  time. 

Appunt-are  (A)  (It.  punta);  i.  to 
sharpen,  e.g.  a  pencil.  2.  to  place,  to 
plant,  e.g.  the  knees  on  the  ground, 
usu.  Puntare,  q.i>.  3.  to  pin  up,  e.g.  a 
ribbon  on  a  dress.  4.  —  i  piedi  al 
muro,  to  put  one's  back  (lit.  feet)  against 
the  wall,  i.e.  to  be  obstinate.  5.  to 
wound  with  the  point  of  some  weapon. 

6.  Prov.  Sopporta  e  appunta  un  mal 
chi  non  vuol  giunta,  he  supports  and 
stands   firm   to   meet   misfortune   who 
does    not    desire    an    addition    to    it. 

7.  —  gli  occhi,  gli  orecchi,  to  look,  or 
listen,  attentively. 

As  reft,  -arsi :  8.  to  grow  at  the 
ends.  9.  to  be  fixed  in  something  by 
the  point,  e.g.  a  spear  in  a  shield, 
io.  to  attach  oneself  (to  some  one  for 
protection),  ii.  fig.  to  be  attached; 
Perchti  s'  appuntano  i  vostri  desiri  Dove 
per  compagnia  parte  si  scema,  since 
your  desires  are  fixed  where  shares  are 
diminished  by  partnership,  D.  Purg. 
15.  49.  12.  to  come  to  a  point;  Questo 
cielo  in  cui  1'  ombra  s'  appunta,  this 
heaven  in  which  the  shadow  comes  to 
a  point,  i.e.  which  is  just  within  the 
range  of  the  cone  of  the  earth's  shadow, 
D.  Par.  9.  1 1 8. 

(B)  (It.  punto);  I.  to  sew  up.  2.  to 
mark  a  particular  spot.  3.  to  direct  (a 


APPUNTATAMENTE— ARAZZJERE 


45 


shot).  4.  to  appoint  (a  time  or  place), 
to  come  to  a  determination.  5.  to  find 
mistakes  in  a  person's  writings,  conduct 
or  manner  of  speaking;  or  generally,  to 
find  fault  with.  6.  to  make  written 
notes.  7.  to  put  down  (a  purchase)  to 
a  customer's  account ;  Va'  dal  Corsini 
per  il  caffe  e  digli  che  lo  appunti,  go  to 
Corsini's  for  your  coffee  and  tell  him  to 
put  it  down  to  me.  8.  to  come  to  an 
agreement;  Fu  dato  commissione  agli 
Oratori  nostri  di  appuntare  col  Vicere 
ad  ogni  modo,  our  Orators  were  in- 
structed to  come  to  an  agreement  with 
the  Viceroy  on  any  terms.  9.  to  mark 
out  on  a  map.  10.  to  put  a  bad  mark 
against  an  official's  name.  u.  (mil.)  to 
point  a  cannon.  12.  —  un  saliscendi, 
to  fasten  up  the  latch  so  that  the  door 
may  be  freely  opened. 

As  refl.  -arsi:  13.  to  stop,  come  to 
an  end ;  lo  1'  ho  visto  Dove  s'  appunta 
ogni  ubi  ed  ogni  quando,  I  have  seen 
it  where  all  where  and  all  when  is  at  an 
end,  i.e.  in  that  point  of  light  wherein 
all  where  is  here  and  all  when  is  ?tow, 
D.  Par.  29.  12.  14.  (geom.)  of  a  point, 
to  fall  upon  a  given  point.  15.  to  be 
focussed ;  Ove  s'  appunta  1'  anima  tua, 
where  your  heart  is  focussed,  D.  Par. 
26.  7. 

Appuntatame'nte ;  with  precision. 
Appuntatf na  /  ;  =  Quattro  punti. 
Appunta tino;    dim.   vezz.   of  Ap- 
puntato,  rather  affected. 

Appuntato;  i.  sharp-pointed.  2. 
precise  in  speech;  Parlare  — ,  to  speak 
affectedly ;  Scrivere,  Leggere  — ,  to 
write,  or  read,  with  accuracy. 

Appunt-atore  ;«. ;  i.  v.  Appuntare.  2.  in  a 
glass-works,  glass-blower.  Aff.  -atora,  -atrice. 

Appuntatura  / ;  i.  v.  Appuntare. 
2.  fig.  censure.  3.  note  made  against 
the  name  of  a  priest  who  has  failed  to 
take  a  service.  4.  fine  inflicted  for 
breach  of  discipline.  5.  bundle  of  soiled 
linen  sewn,  or  pinned  up,  ready  to  go 
to  the  wash.  6.  the  noting  of  a  dis- 
honoured bill  of  exchange. 

Appuntell-are  ind.  appuntello  (It. 
puntello) ;  to  prop  up.  Aff.  -atura. 

Appuntellata  /. ;  a  small  prop, 
e.g.  to  keep  a  door  open. 

*  Appuntezza  f.\  favourable  moment. 

Appuntf.no  m. ;  I.  dim.  Appunto. 
2.  short  dated  bill  of  exchange.  3.  re- 
ceipt for  payment  of  a  debt.  4.  Ser  — , 
Mr  Find-fault  with  everybody.  As  adv., 
very  precisely. 

*  Appuntito  ;  of  a  face,  pointed. 

Appunto  adv.  (It.  punto) ;  i.  exactly. 
2.  emphasizing  a  calamity;  Ci  mancava 
-  questa,  this  was  the  only  thing 
wanted  (to  make  the  ruin  complete) ; 
Giusto  —  non  so  come  fare,  I  cannot 
think  what  I  am  to  do.  3.  expressing 
opportuneness ;  Bravo !  —  te !  splendid ! 
it  is  you !  4.  Yes,  certainly.  5.  Per 
1'  — ,  most  assuredly,  t  Vivere  per  1'  — , 
to  make  a  bare  living.  As  sb.:  6.  hasty 
note,  either  in  writing,  or  by  an  artist 


with  pencil  or  brush.    7.  an  observation 
of  blame.     8.  promissory  note. 

*As  adv.,  scarcely.  As  sb.:  \.  —  Punto,  the  precise 
point  of  space  or  time.  ii.=  Appuntamento,  appoint- 
ment, iii.  Mettersi  in  — ,  to  get  quite  ready, 
iv.  L'  —  non  si  pu6  dire,  an  exact  statement  cannot 
be  given. 

*Appuntonare  (It.  puntone);=Appuntellare,  to 
prop. 

Appurare  (It.  puro) ;  to  clear  up,  by 
separating  the  false  from  the  true.  —  i 
conti,  to  verify  bills.  —  un  patrimonio, 
to  clear  off  the  debts  of  a  deceased 
estate. 

*Apputid-are  or  -ire  ;  =  Appuzzare. 

Appuzzare  (It.  puzzo);  to  make  (a 

place)  stink. 

*  Appuz  zolare ;  =  Appuzzare. 

*Aprico  (L.  apricus)\  i.  sunny,  ii.  of  animals, 
fond  of  the  sun. 

Aprilante;  In  the  prov.  Terzo  —  quaranta  di 
durante,  as  the  third  of  April  so  will  the  next  forty 
days  be. 

Aprile  m.  (L.  Aprilis);  April. 

Aprire  ind.  apro,  perf.  aprii  or 
apersi  apristi  apri  or  aperse,  aprirono 
or  apersero,  pres.  part,  aprente,  perf. 
part,  aperto;  i.  to  open;  Comune  a- 
perto,  a  place  with  no  town  dues  on 
merchandise.  2.  (mar.}  =  Bracciare 
sotto  vento,  to  brace  up. 

Etym.  L. ,  root  ve r,  to  move,  cp.  Lith.  at-veriu, 
to  open,  uz-veriu,  to  shut ;  Sanskr.  afa-vemoti, 
opens,  vernoti,  covers.  To  this  root  with  the  oppo- 
site prefixes  fip-  (=Gr.  an-d,  off),  op-  (  =  Gr.  «rt,  on) 
are  to  be  traced  L.  ap-erire,  to  open,  op*eririt  to 
shut.  F.  Skeat,  sub  Aperient. 
Aff.  Apri-tore,  -trice. 

*Apro  m.  (L.  aper);  wild  boar. 

*Aprone  m.\  bramble,  v.  Rovo. 

*Apruato;  v.  Appruato. 

*  Apside/;=Abside,  apse. 
Aptero  (Gr.);t  wingless. 

*  Apua  £  (Gr.  ou^uij) ;  anchovy. 

Aquario  m. ;  i.  Aquarius,  the  zodiacal  sign. 
2.  aquarium. 

Aquidernare;  =  Acquidernare,  to  fold. 

*  Aquifoglio  >«.;  =  Agrifoglio,  holly. 

Aquila  f.  (L.);  i.  eagle;  Non  e  un'  — ,  he  is 
no  genius.  Species :— (a)  —  anatraia,  Aquila  clanga. 
(b)  —  di  mare,  osprey,  Aquila  haliaetus,  also  termed 
Valeria,  Aquila  comune,  nera,  rapace,  reale,  or  tos- 
cana.  (c)  —  imperiale,  royal  eagle,  Aquila  imperialis. 
(d)  —  reale,  (a)  osprey,  i:  supra  (t),  (/3)  golden 
eagle,  Aquila  chrysaetos,  also  termed  Falco  dorato. 
2.  a  fish,  a  species  of  ray,  v.  Miliobate.  3.  the  U.S. 
coin  of  ten  dollars.  4.  the  ancient  Roman  standard. 
5.  a  southern  constellation.  6.  Legno  d'  — ,  eagle- 
wood,  7'.  Calambucco. 

*(c^w.)sublimate,  especially  corrosive  sublimate, 
which  was  termed  aquila  alba. 

* AquilaniayC;  eagle-stone,?'.  Etite. 

Aquilaria/;  (hot.)  eagle-wood,  Aquilaria. 

Aquilastro  m. ;  osprey,  v.  Falco  (15). 

Aquilegia/;  (hot.)  columbine,  Aquilegia  vul* 
garis. 

Aquilin-o;  i.  as  E.  2.  Pietra -a,  eagle-stone, 
v.  Etite.  *  As  s&.,  i.  young  eagle,  ii.  an  old  Pisan 
coin  worth  33  denari. 

*  Aquilo  tn.'t  north  wind,  v.  Ventavolo. 
A'quilon  m.\  Cerptto  d'  — ,  diachylon  plaster. 
Aquiline    (Acquilone)    m.    (A)   (L.    aquilo)\ 

i.   north  wind.     2.  north. 

(B>)(aug7n.  of  It.  aquila)',  i.  boy's  kite;  this  is  the 
term  in  Tuscany;  in  Lombardy  it  is  Cometa,  in  the 
Emilia,  Drago.  2.  a  species  of  ray,  v.  Miliobate. 

Aquil6tto  (Agughno,  Agugliotto,  Agulino)  «.; 
young  eagle. 

Aquimanale  m.  (L.);  silver  ewer  for  washing 
the  hands  before  eating. 

Aquinate  adj.  or  sb. ;  S.  Thomas  Aquinas, 
whose  father  was  lord  of  Aquino. 

Aquisgrana  /;  (geogr.)  Aix-la- 
Chapelle. 

Ara/  (A)  (L.  ard]  \  i,  altar.  2.  con- 
stellation of  the  southern  hemisphere. 
(B)  (Fr.  are)\  area  of  10  metres  square. 

*  i.   halo  round  the  sun  or  moon.    ii.  =  Aia,  thresh- 
ing-floor,   iii.  =  Aria,  air.    iv.  pig-sty. 

Arabesco  in. ;  Arabesque,  ornament. 


Arabico  ;  i.  Arabian.  2.  fig.  queer,  fantastic ; 
Scritto  — ,  writing  difficult  to  read. 

Arabile ;  v.  Arare. 

Arabina  /.  ;  the  soluble  basis  of  gum  arabic, 
and  other  kinds  of  gum. 

Arabista  ;//.;  Arabic  scholar. 

A'rab-o  ;  Arabian.  L'  -a  fenice,  the  phoenix  as 
type  of  a  thing  hard  to  find.  As  sb.,  Arabic. 

Arac  m.  (Arabic  nrtiq,  juice);  arrack,  an 
Oriental  liquor. 

Aracee/C  pi.',  the  arum  family  of  plants. 

AracnideyC;  pea-nut,  produced  by  the  Arachis 
hypogaea. 

Aracnidi  m.  pi.',  (Gr.  apa^c?],  spider's  web)  the 
spider  class  of  animals. 

Aracnitey^;  v.  Aracnoidite. 

AracnoideyC;  (anat.)  i.  capsule  enclosing  the 
eye.  2.  the  serous  membrane  of  the  brain. 

Aracnoidite  /. ;  (med.)  inflammation  of  the 
arachnoid. 

Aragaico  ui.  (Gr.  a  intens.,  jjayuw,  to  tear); 
(vet.)  a  disease  in  horses,  colic. 

•Aragnare;  =  Accapigliarsi,  q.v.,  to  fight;  the 
metaphor  is  taken  from  the  movements  of  a  spider's 
legs  in  spinning  her  web. 

*  Aragno  m. ;  i.  =  Ragno,  spider,   ii.  =  Ragna,  net. 
Araldic-ay;;  heraldry,  v.  Pezza  (2).     Aff.  -a. 

Arald-o  m.,  -a,/,  (mlt.  Aera/dus,  per- 
haps from  O.H.G.  hario-walt,  army- 
manager,  z/.  Skeat, sub  Herald);  herald, 
public  crier. 

Araliaceey:^.;  the  arum  family  of  plants. 

*  Aramatizzare  ;  a  corruption  of  Anatemizzare, 
to  excommunicate. 

Arancia  or  Melarancia  / ;  orange. 

—  forte,  Seville  orange,  bitter  orange. 

—  sanguigna,   Maltese   orange,  blood 
orange. 

Aranciaio  m. ;  orange  seller. 
Aranciata  /! ;  orangeade,  a  drink. 

Aranciera  f. ;  orange-house,  where 
orange  plants  are  stored  in  winter. 

Arancina/ ;  dim.  Arancia. 

Arancfno  m. ;  dim.  Arancio.  As 
adj.:  i.  referring  to  a  kind  of  melon,  or 
2.  to  a  kind  of  mulberry.  3.  of  an 
artist,  mediocre. 

Arancio  or  Melarancio  m.  (Melar- 
ancio  is  simply  Melo  arancio,  orange- 
coloured  apple,  i.e.  orange  ;  arancio  is 
probably  the  Persian  ndreitg  passed  into 
Arabic  narang  and  Spanish  naranja; 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Orange);  orange  tree. 
Varieties : —  i .  —  dolce,  common  orange- 
tree,  Citrus  auranfium,  also  termed 
Portogallo.  2.  —  pompelmo,  shaddock, 
Citrus  decumana,  also  termed  Pompa 
di  Genova.  3.  —  mandarino,  mandarin 
orange  tree,  Citrus  nobilis.  4.  —  forte, 
Seville  orange  tree,  Citrus  vulgaris. 

Arancidne ;  deep  orange-coloured. 

Araneo;  (tncd.)  thready,  very  weak  (pulse). 
*Aranza./;  =  Arancia. 
A'rara^;  the  Carolina  parrot,  or  macaw. 

Arare  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ear  vb.) ; 
i.  to  plough.  2.  (mar.)  to  drag  the 
anchor. 

Ajff1.  Ar-dbile,  -ativo  (or  -atio)  i.q.  arabile,  -atdre, 
-at6rio,  -atura. 

Aratolo  m. ;  pop.  for  Aratro,  plough. 

Aratro  m.  (L.  aratrum) ;  I.  plough. 

—  sementino,  a  plough  that  serves  for 
sowing,  used  in  Tuscany;  Sull'  — ,  on 
ploughed   land,   as   opposed   to   spade 
cultivation.     2.  the  constellation  of  the 
Plough,  which  is  part  of  the  Great  Bear. 

Arazzerfa  f. ;  collection  of  Arras  or 
Gobelins  tapestry. 

Arazziere  m. ;  maker  of  tapestry. 


46 


ARAZZO— ARCHITETTO 


Arazzo  m. ;  tapestry,  so  named  from 
the  town  of  Arras  in  Flanders  where  it 
was  first  made.  Vi  sta  come  un  — ,  he 
stands  there  like  a  tapestry  figure,  i.e. 
takes  no  part  in  the  conversation. 

Arbaggio  ;«.;  strip  of  cloth  for  protecting  the 
skin  in  rope-making  similar  to  the  Struscia  used  in 
spinning  wool. 

*  Arbalestriere  ;«.;  —  Balestriere,  cross-bowman. 
*Arbascio  m. ;  coarse  cloth, 

*  Arbatr-ella  f. ;    arbutus  berry,     -o  m.  ;=A1- 
batro. 

A'rbitra;yC  of  Arbitro. 

Arbitraggio  m. ;  i.  arbitrage,  buying 
in  one  place  what  you  are  selling  in 
another.  2.  =  Arbitrate,  q.v, 

Arbitrale ;  pronounced  by  an  arbi- 
trator. 

Arbitrate  ind.  Arbitro ;  i.  to  assume 
authority,  to  act  without  the  owner's 
instructions.  2.  to  arbitrate. 

*i.  to  think,  form  a  mental  judgment,  ii.  to 
compute,  iii.  to  conjecture. 

Arbitrariam^nte ;    without    being 

authorized. 

Arbitrari-o;  i.  arbitrary,  illegal  (act 
of  power).  2,  arbitrary,  unfounded 
(opinion).  3.  arbitrary  (title),  taken 
without  any  right.  4.  arbitrary  (sen- 
tence), one  not  restrained  by  law,  dis- 
cretionary on  the  part  of  the  judge. 

*i.  doubtful,  as  between  two  possibles;  Opinione 
-a,  opinion  which  may  be  one  of  two  possible  views, 
ii.  of  a  person,  one  who  makes  up  his  mtnd  and  then 
unmakes  it,  wobbler. 

Arbitrate)  ;//. ;  I.  arbitration  ;  L'  ar- 
bitrate nella  questione  dell'  Alabama 
era  presieduto  dal  conte  Sclopis,  the 
arbitration  in  the  Alabama  case  was 
under  the  presidency  of  Count  Sclopis ; 
Assumere  1'  — ,  to  go  to  arbitration. 
2.  office  of  an  arbitrator.  3.  decision 
of  an  arbitrator.  4.  in  the  Florentine 
Republic,  court  which  attended  to  the 
drafting  or  codification  of  laws. 

Arbitr-io  m.  •  i.  judgment,  discre- 
tion; Faccia  a  su'  — ,  do  as  you  judge 
best.  2.  hastily  formed  judgment ; 
Avete  a  guardare  che  non  si  prenda 
di  questi  -ii,  you  must  take  care  not  to 
form  these  hasty  conclusions.  3.  Libero 
— ,  in  philosophy,  free  will. 

*an  income  tax  levied  in  Florence  in  1508. 

A'rbitro  (Albitro)  m.  (L.  arbiter, 
from  ad-bi-ter,  where  bi  is  from  the  root 
ba,  to  go,  so  that  the  meaning  is  one 
who  goes  up  ;  Pott  however  connects 
it  with  the  Zend  vitara,  Germ,  wider, 
against);  I.  — in,  arbitrator.  2.  — di, 
master  of,  having  power  to  dispose  of; 
L'  uso  e  —  della  lingua,  usage  deals  as 
it  pleases  with  language.  *  watcher, 
overseer. 

*Arbo;  sync,  for  Acerbo  in  sense  of  bold. 
*Arborare;  i.  to  plant  trees,     ii.  of  a  horse,  to 
rear, 

*Arbore;  i.=Albero,  tree.  ii.  (chem.)  tree-like 
crystallisation  of  metals. 

Arbbreo  (L.  arborens)\  tree-like. 
Arboresc^nte;  i.  of  shrubs,  growing  up  almost 
like  trees.     2.  of  crystallisation,  tree-shaped. 

Arborescenza  f. ;  tendency  to  tree-shaped 
crystallisation. 

Arborizzato  ;  of  a  stone,  veined  like  a  tree. 

Arbosc&llo  (Arbuscella, -o)  m.  (prob. 
an  altered  dim.  of  Arbusto) ;  small  tree. 


tArbro  m. ;  little  red  sea-bream,  ?/.  Pagello  (2). 

*  Arbucello  m, ;  =  Arboscello. 
tArbugliare;  to  vomit. 

*Arbusco;«.  (Arbuscol-o,  -a);  i.=Arbusto.  ii.  - 
Abrostine,  wild  grape. 

*  Arbustin-o  ;  Vite  -a,  the  wild  grape. 

Arbusto  m.  (L.  arbustum)\  shrub. 
*  plantation. 

*Arbuto  (Arbutello)  m.  (L.  arbutus)  ;  =  Cor- 
bezzolo,  the  strawberry  tree. 

Area  /   (L.,   v.   Skeat,   sub  Ark)  ; 

1.  tomb,  in  the  shape  of  a  stone  chest. 

2.  ark ;  —  santa,  the  Ark  of  the  Covenant. 

3.  chest  for  keeping  money  locked  up. 

4.  —  di  scienza,  person  of  wide  know- 
ledge.    5.  a  genus  of  mussels,  Arcadae, 
the  ark  shells.     They  have  numerous 
teeth  connected  with  the  hinge. 

*i.  coffin,  ii.  corn-bin,  iii.  jewel-case,  desk, 
iv.  Esser  fra  1*  uscio  el*  — ,  to  be  between  the  door 
and  the  chest,  i.e.  squeezed  against  the  chest,  or  in 
a  tight  place. 

Arcacci  »t.  pl.\  v.  Area  (5). 

Arcaccia  f. ;  (mar.)  stern  frame,  the  lower 
part  of  the  face  of  a  ship's  stern  from  the  keel  to 
the  level  of  the  lower  deck. 

t  Arcacciare;=Ricacciare,  to  repress. 

A'rcade  m.  ;  i.  member  of  the  Arcadia,  a 
Roman  political  society  founded  in  1690.  It  de- 
generated into  puerilities  and  has  long  ceased  to 
exist.  2.  a  writer  of  elegant  trash,  or  politician  of 
the  same  sort. 

Arcad-ia  f.\  v.  Arcade  (i).  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico. 

Arca-ico  (Gr.,<apx7j,  beginning);  as  E.  Aff. 
-ismo. 

Arcale  m.  (It.  arco);  i.  arch  of  a 
doorway.  2.  any  piece  of  the  centering 
which  supports  an  arch  while  under 
construction.  3.  rafter  of  a  roof. 
4.  (anat.}  ensiform  appendage  of  the 
breast-bone. 

*Arcalif  or  Arcaliffo  m.\  High  Caliph  of  the 
Mahometans. 

*  Arcaliffa  f,\  ugly  old  woman,  the  foreign  word 
being  used  to  express  contempt  or  dislike. 

*Arcame  nf.  ;  =  Carcame,  carcass. 
Arcangelo  or  Arcangiolo  m.  (Gr.);  archangel. 

Arcan-o  (L.,  v.  Area);  mysterious. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

*Arcare;  i.  to  shoot  with  a  bow.  ii.  to  arch, 
to  bend  into  an  arch.  iii.  Jig.  =  Frecciare,  to  cheat, 
deceive. 

*  Arcana./;  fraud. 

*Arcario  m.  (L.  arcarins)\  custodian. 

Arcat-a  f. ;  i .  one  of  the  arches  of 
a  bridge  or  other  building.  2.  one 
draw  of  the  bow  across  a  violin ;  Aver 
una  buona  — ,  to  be  a  good  player. 
3.  Tirar  delle  -e,  to  ask  crafty  questions 
so  as  to  elicit  information  without  having 
much  to  go  upon,  or  to  hint  at  a  request 
without  exactly  making  one.  4.  —  di 
stomaco,  retching. 

*i.  the  space  of  a  bow-shot,    ii.  (mil.)  Dare  un' 

— ,  to  elevate  the  gun  so  as  to  get  the  maximum 

range,      iii.    Soffiare   in   — ,  to   blow   away  with   a 

breath,  referring  to  something  as  being  very  delicate. 

ArcatinayC;  dim.  Arcata. 

Arcato;  Colmo  — ,  i.  heaped  up, 
viz.  when  a  dish  is  so  full  that  its  con- 
tents are  arched  up  in  the  middle.  2.  of 
a  horse,  bow-legged  in  its  front  legs, 
"  run  over." 

*  i.  arched,     ii.  resting  on  arches. 

*  Arcatore  >n. ;  i.  archer,     ii.  cheat. 
*Arcavol-o  m.,  -a  f.\  great -great-grand  parent. 
*ArceyC  (L.  arx)  ;  citadel. 

*  Arceuto  m.  (Gr.  afMceu0os);  =  Ginepro,  juniper. 
Archeggiam^nto  w.;  =  Archeggio. 
Archeggiare  ind.  archeggio;  to  draw  the  bow 

across   a   violin.      *to   bend   into   a   curve,     t —   lo 
stomaco,  to  retch. 

Archeggiato ;  i.  curved.  2.  built 
with  several  tiers  of  arches. 


Archeggio  m.  ;  i.  fiddle-scraping,  i.e.  either 
tuning  many  fiddles,  or  playing  them  but  indiffer- 
ently. 2.  retching. 

ArcheografiayC  (Gr.);  archaeological  writings. 

Archeolog-iayC  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -o. 

Archetipo  m,  (Gr.  a.px*l>  TVJTOS,  stamp,  <TUTTTW, 
to  strike);  archetype,  original  pattern.  As  adj., 
typical. 

*Archettay!;  i.  dim.  Area.     ii.  little  jewel-case. 

Arch^tt-o  m.  (dim.  Arco);  i.  pole- 
trap  for  catching  birds;  a  cruel  trap, 
its  use  is  forbidden  in  Italy;  Parer 
preso  all'  —  ,  to  seem  uncomfortably 
dressed.  2.  (surg.)  cradle  to  keep  the 
bed-clothes  off  a  broken  bone.  3.  a  kind 
of  file  on  a  curved  handle  used  by  lock- 
smiths and  mosaic  workers,  drill-bow. 
4.  fiddle-bow. 

*In  mo'  d'  -i,  a  reply  given  when  one  does  not 
wish  to  say  how  a  thing  was  done.  fTirar  gli  -i, 
to  die. 

Archi-  or  Arci-  ;  prefix  of  excellence  in  words 
of  Greek  origin,  equivalent  to  E.  arch-,  cp.  Gr.  apx»j, 
beginning;  ap^os,  chief. 

*Archiacuto;  Gothic  (architecture). 

Archibiigio  or  Archibuso  (Arco- 
bugio)  m.  ;  arquebus,  an  old  form  of 
musket.  —  da  rampo,  a  large  arquebus 
which  was  supported  upon  a  forked 
rest  when  in  use.  The  shot  fired  from 
an  arquebus  was  about  two  ounces  in 
weight.  —  a  vento,  charged  with  com- 
pressed air. 

Etym.  Littre's  account  of  the  word  is  as  fol- 
lows. Walloon  liarkibiise,  Burgundian  aittjuebutte, 
Span,  arcabuz,  bit.  arcus  busus.  It  has  been 
derived  from  the  Italian  Arco,  bow,  Bugio,  hollow, 
the  hollow  bow,  and  Ariosto  certainly  gives  the 
name  of  Ferro  bugio,  hollow  iron,  to  the  arquebus 
in  the  ninth  canto  of  Orlando  Furioso.  But,  con- 
tinues Littre,  if  the  old  French  name  is 


of  which  he  quotes  an  example  dating  from  the 
i5th  century,  the  Italian  word  is  probably  an  altera- 
tion of  this  French  word,  which  it  subsequently  dis- 
placed from  the  French  language.  Haquebute  is  the 
German  Hakeaintcftse^  Flemish  kaak-bus,  meaning 
hooked  arquebuse,  from  Haken,  hook,  and  B&ck$et 
gun,  the  hook  being  the  forked  rest  on  which  the 
weapon  was  supported.  Haken  is  a  word  common 
to  the  northern  languages  ;  Biickse  is  from  the  L. 
pyxis,  Gr.  irvfi's,  a  box,  of  which  an  equally  great 
alteration  gave  rise  to  the  French  bolte. 

Ajff.  Archibugi-one  augm.^  -ata  shot  fired  from 
an  arquebus. 

Archibusare  ;  to  shoot  with  an  arquebus. 

ArchibuaeriayT  ;  troops  armed  with  arquebuses. 

Archibustera  f.  ;  loophole. 

Archibusiere  ///.  ;  i.  maker  of  arquebuses, 
2.  soldier  armed  therewith. 

Archibuso  m,  ;  i.q.  Archibugio. 

Archicello  m.  ;  dim.  Arco,  small  arch. 

*  Archicembalo  m.  ;  a  particular  kind  of  large 
harpsichord  invented  in  the  i7th  century. 

*  Archiera_/C;  loophole. 
*Archifogfio  m.\  Galena,  lead  sulphide. 

*  Archigallo  /«.;  Gaulish  high-priest. 
Archiginnasio  m.\    university  (of  Bologna  or 

Rome). 

ArchiUo  in.  (prob.  a  var.  of  Arcilo);  piece  of 
lumber. 

Archilochio  ;  the  metres  employed  by  Archi- 
lochus,  one  of  the  most  agreeable  of  which  is  that 
exemplified  by  Horace's  Solvititr  acris  hiems  gratd 
vice  veris  et  Favoni. 

•Archimagiro  in.  (Gr.  ap^os,  ^ayeipos);  chief 
cook. 

Archimandrita  m.  (Gr.);  i.  head  of  a  mon- 
astery or  religious  Order  in  the  Greek  Church. 
2.  head  of  a  school. 

Archimedeo;  Archimedean,  belonging  to  or 
invented  by  Archimedes  the  Greek  mathematician. 

Archipenzol-are  ;  v.  -o. 

Archipenzolo  or  Archipendolo  m.  (It.  arco, 
pendolo);  i.  mason's  level.  2.  (herald.)  a  bent  line 
like  the  Greek  letter  A. 

Archipdmpa,/;;  pump-well. 

Archi-  or  Arci-smagdgo  in.  (Gr.);  ruler  of  a 
synagogue. 

Archit&tto  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  apx«-«V 
TCOV,  root  tek)  if.  Testo,  for  the  prefix  v. 

Archi-);  architect. 


ARCHITETTURA— ARECA 


47 


Aff.  Architett-ame'nto,  -are  to  design, 
-onicamdnte,  -onico. 

Architettura  /  ;  i.  architecture. 
2.  secret  design.  3.  Fuor  d'  —  ,  of  a 
joint,  dislocated. 

Architravata  /  ;  arrangement  of 
the  architrave. 

Architravato  :  i.  provided  with  an 
architrave.  2.  Cornice  —  ,  i.e.  where 
the  cornice  rests  directly  upon  the 
architrave  without  any  frieze  between. 

Architravatura/  ;  i.q.  Architravata. 

Architrave  in.  (prefix  archi-  and  It. 
trave)  ;  (arch.)  \.  architrave,  epistyle, 
the  lower  division  of  an  entablature,  or 
that  part  which  rests  immediately  on 
the  abacus  of  the  column.  2.  less 
properly,  the  moulding  over  the  lintel 
of  a  doorway. 

*  Architriclino  m.  (Gr.);  ruler  of  the  feast. 
Archivio    tit.   (bit.   archhium  <  Gr.    dpvecof)  ; 

archive,  place  of  custody  of  historical  documents. 

Aff.  Archiv-iare  to  lay  up  in  the  archives,  -ista 
custodian  of  archives. 

Archivdlto  m.  (prefix  archi-,  It.  volto);  (arch.) 
archivolt,  the  inner  contour  of  an  arch,  or  band 
adorned  with  mouldings  running  over  the  faces  of 
the  arch-stones  and  bearing  upon  the  imposts. 

Arci-,  a  prefix,  Gr.  ap^i-;  v.  Archi-. 

Arci-beato,  -bello,  -bestiale  ;  very  happy, 
beautiful,  bestial. 

*  Arcibra  /.  ;  =  Algebra. 
Arcibriccone  m.  ;  arch-rogue. 
Arcicancelliere  nt.\  high  chancellor. 
Arcicappellano    m.  ;    director  of   the    chapel 

royal  under  the  Carolingian  kings  of  France. 

Arcic£mbalo  m.  ;  v.  Archicembalo. 

Arcic6nsol-o  m.  ;  title  of  the  president  of  the 
Accademia  della  Crusca  at  Florence.  Aff.  -ato,  his 
office. 

Arcicontento  ;  very  glad. 

tArcideclino  m.  ;  person  who  superintends  the 
table. 

Arcidiacon-o  m.  ;  archdeacon.     Aff.  -ato. 

Arcidiavolo  m.  ;  i.  arch-devil.  2.  (hot.)  = 
Bagolaro,  f].v. 

Arcidiocesi/;;  archbishop's  diocese  or  province. 

Arcidu-ca  m.\  archduke,  title  of  the  younger 
children  of  the  Austrian  emperor.  Aff.  -cale,  -cato, 
•chessa. 


hole. 


;  i.  female  archer.  2.  loop- 


Arciere »/.  (It.  arco)  ;  i.  archer. 
2.  the  constellation  Sagittarius.  3.  in 
pi.  royal  guards. 

*  i.  swindler,     ii.  he-goat. 

*  Arciero  m.;  a  variety  of  wolf. 

Arcifallito  ;  utterly  bankrupt. 
Arcifanfano  m.  ;  great  boaster. 
Arcigiullare  m.  ;  great  juggler. 

Arcigno  ;  surly.  *i.  sour-tasting. 
ii.  bent  (bow). 

Etym.  A  metathesis  from  Fr.  rechignt,  which 
Littre  refers  to  re-chigtier  or  guigtitr,  It.  ghignare, 
<O.H.G.  kttuin,  to  smile.  Another  derivation  has 
been  suggested,  viz.  by  metathesis  from  Acrigno. 

tArcigogoIare;=Arzigogolare,  to  trifle. 

t  Arcile  m.  \  \.  flour-bin,     ii.  anonymous  sonnet. 

*  Arcimeasere  m.  ;  scfurz.  most  respected  sir! 
Arcimidaico  (from  Midas);  arch-fool. 
Arciola  /;  ;  =  Frullino,  jack  snipe. 

Arci6n-e  m.  (bit.  arcit>,<L.  arcus)  ; 
I.  saddle-bow  or  the  corresponding 
part  of  a  saddle  behind  the  rider; 
Primo  —  ,  saddle-bow.  2.  less  properly, 
the  saddle  itself;  Inforcare  Ii  suo'  -i, 
to  bestride  her  (Italy's)  saddle,  D. 
Purg.  6.  99,  i.e.  to  subdue  and  put 
an  end  to  Italy's  intestine  wars  and 
feuds.  3.  in  //.,  the  places  in  a  bee's 


abdomen  where   she   puts   the   honey. 
4.   rockers  of  a  baby's  cradle. 

Arcipelago  m.  (lit.  chief  sea,  i.e.  the  Aegean, 
thence  any  sea  studded  with  islands  as  the  Aegean 
is) ;  archipelago. 

tArcipresso  ;«. ;— Cipresso,  cypress. 

Arcipr&te  m. ;  there  is  no  position 
in  the  English  or  Scottish  churches 
corresponding  to  that  of  an  Arciprete ; 
it  is  a  dignity  existing  in  certain  Cathe- 
dral Chapters  and  in  certain  parishes 
in  Italy  ;  the  word  might  be  transferred 
into  English  as  arch-priest. 

Arcipretura  /  ;  office  or  stipend  of 
an  Arciprete. 


•Arciraggiunto;  extremely  fat. 
Arcispedale  m. ;  chief  hospital. 


Arciv^SCOVO  in. ;  archbishop. 

Aff.  Arcivescov-ado  archbishop's 
palace,  -ato  territory  of  an  arch- 
bishopric, -ile. 

Arco  in.  (L.  arcus) ;  i.  arc  of  a 
circle  or  other  curve.  2.  (arch.)  - 
mono,  arch  buried  in  a  wall ;  —  ro- 
vescio  or  supino,  inverted  arch  ;  — 
zoppo,  resting  on  pillars  of  unequal 
height ;  —  a  rottura,  arched  opening 
made  in  a  wall  after  it  is  built.  3.  — 
celeste,  rainbow.  4.  -  -  di  stomaco, 
effort  of  vomiting.  5.  Con  1'  —  della 
schiena,  or  dell'  osso,  with  all  one's 
might.  6.  —  del  lucchetto,  ring  of  a 
padlock.  7.  implement  for  beating 
wool.  8.  fiddle-bow,  fig.  violin  player. 
9.  bow  for  shooting.  10.  — delle  ciglia, 
arch  of  the  eyebrows,  n.  C-spring 
of  a  carriage.  12.  Prov.  --  soriano 
lira  agli  amici  e  a'  nemici,  a  Syrian 
bow  shoots  at  friend  and  foe,  i.e.  a. 
slanderer  spares  no  one ;  L'  arco  e  di 
fico,  the  bow  is  of  fig-wood,  said  when 
some  support,  lit.  m  fig.,  gives  way. 

* ArcoayT;  =  Alcova,  q.v. 

Arcobaleno  m. ;  rainbow,  lit.  flash- 
ing arch,  v.  Balenare;  Passar  sotto  1' — , 
to  do  the  impossible,  esp.  to  change  sex. 
Far  veder  1'  — ,  i.e.  to  grieve  a  person. 

Arcobaldstro  (Arcobalista)  m.  (It. 
arco,  balestro ;  cp.  Fr.  arbaftte) ;  cross- 
bow. 

*  Arcobugio,  Arcobuso  ///.;  v.  Archibugio. 
t  Arcdcchio  w.;  =  Arcuccio. 

Arcolaio  m.  (prob.  from  L.  arculum, 
a  sort  of  hoop,  dim.  of  arcus) ;  winder, 
a  circular  revolving  frame  to  hold  a 
skein  of  wool  for  convenience  of  wind- 
ing into  a  ball.  Prov.  Girar  come  un 
— ,  to  turn  quickly  this  way  and  that, 
to  bustle  about  a  room.  L'  —  quanto 
piii  e  vecchio  e  meglio  gira,  the  older 
the  winder  the  better  it  spins,  i.e.  the 
crazes  of  old  people  are  the  worst. 
Esser  un  — ,  to  be  fantastic.  Aggirare 
uno  come  un  — ,  to  confuse  him,  puzzle 
him.  Mettersi  in  capo  1'  — ,  to  take  a 
lot  of  nonsense  into  one's  head.  Far 
arcolai,  to  build  castles  in  the  air. 

*i.  some  kind  of  war  catapult,     ii.  in  /*/.,  crazes. 

*  Arcomensare ;  =  Ricominciare. 

*  Arcomperare :  =  Ricomprare. 

*  Arconcello  nt. ;  dim.  Arco. 

Arc6nt-e  m.  (Gr.) ;  Athenian  archon.   Aff.  -ato. 


Arcopt6si  f.   (Gr.   op^oc,  the  anus;   nra><ris, 
fall);  (surg.)  frolapsvs  ani. 
"Arcora;  oldyT//.  of  Arco. 

*  Arcoreggiarc ;  to  retch  violently. 

*  ArcoseTlo  tn. ;  dim.  Arco. 
Arcosiringa/:  (Gr.  ap\6s,  the  anus;   irvpiyf, 

pipe);  (surg.)  fistula  in  ano. 

•Arcostrafe  (It.  arco,  strale);  epithet  of  Apollo 
as  the  Sun ;  archer  and  arrow  at  once. 
Arcova  /. ;  pop.  for  Alcova. 

*  Arcovata  f. ;  series  of  arches  for  an  aqueduct. 

*  Arcoverare  ;=  Ricoverare. 

*  Arcovolto  m. ;  arch  across  a  street. 

Arcuato;  bowed. 

Arcuazidne  f. ;  curvature,  bowing 
of  the  bones. 

•Arcubalista./;  some  kind  of  cross-bow. 

Arcuccio  m. ;  i.  dim.  spreg.  Arco ; 
Pare  un  — ,  of  a  baby  with  bow  legs. 
2.  a  wicker  frame  to  protect  a  baby 
against  being  overlaid  by  its  mother 
whilst  asleep,  or  a  similar  cradle  placed 
over  a  corpse. 

'Arculay;;  dim.  Area,  chest. 

*  Arcuto  ;= Arcuato,  arched,  bowed. 
A'rdea_X  (L.);  =  Airone,  heron. 

Ard&nne  /  pi. ;  the  Ardennes  dis- 
trict, in  Belgium. 

Ard6nt-e;  i.  ardent,  glowing  (in 
all  senses) ;  Bocca  — ,  of  a  horse,  when 
it  is  excited  and  flares  up  at  the  least 
jerk  given  to  the  bit.  2.  (»z«r.)  =  Orziero, 
q.v.  Aff.  -eme'nte,  Ardenza. 

A'rdere  perf.  arsi  ardesti  arse  (or  *ardeo) 
ard-dmmo  -este  arsero,  part,  arso  (L.  ardere,  to 
blaze,  lit.  to  blaze  like  dry  <nood,<arittus,  v.  Arido) ; 
to  burn,  intr. 

*i.   to  make  red-hot,     ii.  to  shine. 

Ardesia  y.  ;=Lavagna,  slate. 

Etym.  Copt.  Fr.  ardoise,  of  unknown  origin ; 
Littre,  however,  quotes  Welsh  aritdu  nrd-wn,  very 
dark,  ardentia  the  dark  forest  in  Gaul,  7'iz.  the 
Ardennes  in  Belgium,  arduina,  a  surname  of  Diana 
in  a  Gaulish  inscription,  and  the  Norman  ardentie, 
blue  cornflower.  He  suggests  that  these  indicate  a 
Celtic  root  meaning  dark-coloured. 

Ardiglidne  m. ;  tongue  of  a  buckle. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  ardillan,  Proven9.  ardalho, 
in  old  Fr.  hardillon,  which  is  prob.  a  dim.  of  harde, 
stick,  of  unknown  origin.  An  alternative,  by  Menage 


Ardime"nt-o  m. ;  boldness.  Aff. 
-osame'nte,  -oso. 

Ard-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dare.  As  si/., 
hardihood. 

Etym.  Germanic  **/mrr/aw,>O.H.G.  tiertatt, 
to  harden,  karti,  hard  (>Germ.  hart),  cp.  Fr.  hardi, 
E.  hardy;  v.  Skeat,  sitb  Hardy,  Hard. 

Ardisiay?  (Gr.  dp<5i?,  arrow-head) ;  (hot.)  a  genus 
of  plants,  natives  of  China. 

Arditello;  dim.  spreg.  Ardito.  Kagazzo  — , 
foolhardy  boy. 

Arditetto;  dim.  Ardito,  rather  bold. 

Ardft-0 ;  i.  part.  Ardire.  2.  as 
adj.,  bold.  Aff.  -am^nte. 

Ardit6tto ;  augrn.  Ardito,  overbold,  or  of  weight 
or  measure,  very  full,  handsomely  measured  out. 

-ardo ;  a  suffix  of  Germanic  origin, 
meaning  like,  of  such  character,  cp.  E. 
hard,  in  such  phrases  as  Hard  by,  He 
is  hard  upon  seventy.  V.  Skeat,  sub 
Hard. 

Arddre  »/.  (L.);  ardour. 

Ardu-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Arduous);  as  E. 
Aff.  -am6nte. 

A'reayl  (L.  area);  i,  area.  2.  field  of  a  seal, 
the  flat  surface  for  the  engraving.  3.  roas ting-place 
in  a  metal  refinery. 

*i.  Christian  burial-place,     ii.  =*Aia,  salt-pan. 

Areca  f,  (the  native  Malabar  word);  (bat.)  a 
genus  of  palms  including  the  Areca  catechu  or  betel 
nut  palm  of  India  and  the  Areca  oleracea  or  cabbage 
palm  of  Jamaica,  v.  Betel. 


48 


AREFATTO— ARINGA 


*Arefatto  (L.  are/actus);  dried  up. 
*Aregarc;  =  Arrecare,  to  produce. 
*Arellay;  (dim.  L.  hara)\  pig-sty. 

A'rem  m.  (Arabic  haram^  forbidden);  Turkish 
harem. 

Arenas/I  (L.  arena,  sand);  i.  theatre  open  to 
the  sky,  or  with  a  glass  roof ;  arena,  circus.  2.  {poet.) 
sand. 

*i.  sea-shore,     ii.  Oriuol  d' — ,  hour-glass. 

Aff.  Aren-aceo,  -osita,  -oso. 
*Arenamento  m.\  silting  up. 

Arenaria/;  i.  sandstone.  2.  a 
genus  of  wading  birds.  3.  a  genus  of 
molluscs. 

Arenari-o ;  sandy.  Grotta  -a,  Cimi- 
tero  — ,  catacomb.  In//,  as  sb^  gladi- 
ators. 

Arenazi6ne  f.\  (tned.)  embedding  a  patient  in 
warm  sand. 

ArenellayC;  fine  sand. 

Arengay^;  (bet.)  one  of  the  sago  palms,  Arenga 
saccharifera. 

Arenicola/;;  lob-worm. 

Arenile  m. ;  strand. 

Areola  f, ;  i.  small  area.  2.  flower-bed. 
3.  (anat.)  areola  round  the  nipple. 

Aredlito  /«.;  =  Aereolito,  aerolite. 

Aredmetro  »t. ;  i>.  Aerometro. 

Areopagft-a  m.  (Gr.  '  Ape  ion-ay  m??)  ;  judge 
belonging  to  the  Areopagus  at  Athens.  Aff".  -ico. 

Areopago  m.  (Gr.  "Apt)?,  n-a-yos,  hill);  i.  Areo- 
pagus, the  chief  court  of  ancient  Athens.  2.  Jig.  any 
tribunal  which  decides  important  matters. 

Areostatico ;  v.  Aereostatico. 

Are6stato  m. ;  v.  Aereostato,  air  balloon. 

*  Areostilo    m.    (Gr.    opouocrryAos) ;    interspace 
between  columns  equal  to   four   times  the   breadth 
of  their  capitals,  as  specified  by  Vitruvius. 

*Areotico  (Gr.  apaios,  thin);  (med.)  dispersive 
(drug). 

*Arestayi;  i>.  Arista. 

*Areticare  (It.  eretico);  i.  to  curse  and  swear, 
ii.  to  be  disquieted. 

Aretfno;  (geogr.}  of  Arezzo.  As 
sb.,  the  reference  would  be  to  P.  Aretino, 
a  writer  of  the  i6th  century. 

Aretusa  _/C;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  orchids. 
Arfasatt-o    m.    \frob.    from   the   biblical    Ar- 
phaxad);   snob,  little  cad.     AJf.  -eria. 

*  Arfiare  ;  to  get,  to  clutch. 

t  Argagno  m.  (var.  of  Argano)  ;  =  Apparecchio, 
purchase. 

*  Argaldo  M.  ;  large  rough  cloak. 
Argali  m.;  the  moufflon,  Ovis  Argali. 

tArgan-ayC;=-o. 

Arganello  m, ;  I .  dim.  Argano. 
2.  turnstile.  3.  the  electric  mill  which, 
upon  being  electrified,  revolves  like  a 
windmill,  ^(niar.)  davit,  of  a  launch. 

Argane'tta/;  i.  the  root  of  several 
plants  of  the  borage  family,  used  in 
dyeing,  v.  Alcanna,  Ancusa.  2.  —  di 
Costantinopolij  henna  plant,  Lawsonia 
inermis. 

Argane*tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Argano. 
2.  —  idraulico,  hydraulic  turbine  which 
works  by  the  pressure  of  water  upon 
its  vanes,  as  in  a  turbine  steam-engine. 

A'rgan-o  m.  (prob.  a  var.  of  Organo) ; 
capstan,  windlass.  Tirare  cogli  -i,  to 
induce  by  great  persuasion,  ///.  to  pull 
with  windlasses. 

Argante  ;«.;  the  Pagan  hero  in  Tasso's  Jeru- 
salem. 

tArgeggiare;  =  Aggeggiare,  to  haggle. 

Argemone  m.\  (fot.)  i.  a  genus  of  plants  of  the 
order  Papaveraceae.  2.  —  del  Messico  or  Papavero 
messicano,  Argemone  Mexicana,  the  prickly  poppy, 
devil's  fig,  or  yellow  thistle. 

Argentano  m.  ;  an  imitation  of 
silver,  German  silver,  v.  Panfo. 

Argent-are ;  =  Inargentare,  to  plate. 
Aff.  -atura. 

ArgentariayC;  (bot,}Jacea  Ragnsina. 


ii.  glacis,  slope  before  a  fort, 
or  less   like  a  dam,  e.g.   the 


Argenteo;  i.  of  silver.  2.  silvery 
in  colour. 

Argenterla/ ;  silver  plate. 

Argentico  ;  (ckem.)  combined  with  silver, 
argentic. 

ArgentieV-a/^ ;  silver  mine,    -e  in. ;  silversmith. 

Argentifero;  argentiferous, 
t  Argentin  ///.;  scabbard  fish,  v.  Lepidopo. 

Argentina  f.\  i.  silver-fish,  Argentina  $j>hy- 
raetia.  2.  (bet.)  (a)  silver-weed,  v.  Piede  (18,  o,  /3); 
(&)  satin-flower  or  honesty,  v.  Erba  (79).  3.  a  white 
variety  of  mica.  tSpada  — ,  scabbard  fish,  v. 
Lepidopo. 

Argentine;  silvery.  As  sb.,  bleak 
(fish),  Leuciscus  alburnus. 

Argento  ;«.  (L.  argentum^  root  argy 
to  shine,  cp.  Gr.  apyos,  bright) ;  I.  silver; 
Bianco  d'  — ,  silver  white,  a  preparation 
of  white  lead,  used  by  painters ;  Doppi- 
ato  d'  — ,  a  metallic  composition,  i'. 
Placche ;  —  vivo,  quicksilver ;  —  dei 
gatti,  talc ;  —  filato,  silver  wire ;  —  in 
lama,  flattened  silver  wire,  silver  tape ; 
Farsi  d'  — ,  to  turn  grey,  grow  old; 
—  di  Pontorno,  terra  cotta  vases.  2.  the 
amalgam  used  for  silvering  mirrors. 

Argent6ne  m. ;  German  silver,  v, 
Panfo. 

*  Argeste  ///. ;  west  wind. 
*Argiere  in. ;  —  Acero,  maple. 

Argilla/  (L.  argilla) ;  clay. 

A{f.  Argill-aceo,  -oso,  the  former  being  a  geo- 
logical term,  the  latter  agricultural. 
Argillito  m. ;  argillaceous  schist. 

A'rgine  m.  (L.  agger,  from  ad,gerd] ; 
embankment  to  prevent  floods,  leve'e. 

*i.  entrenchment, 
iii.    any  shelter  more 
sides  of  a  cart. 

Aff.  Argin-ale  a  long  embankment,  -amento, 
-are,  -atura,  -azione,  -ello  dim.,  e.g.  the  raised  edges 
of  a  salt-pan,  -etto  dim.  vezz.,  -ino  dim.,  -one  augm., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Argo  m. ;  i.  the  mythical  Argus 
with  the  hundred  eyes.  2.  hence  fig. 
spy,  or  3.  custodian.  4.  the  mythical 
ship  Argo.  5.  a  constellation  in  the 
southern  hemisphere.  6.  the  Argus 
pheasant. 

*  Argogliarsi;  =  Inorgoglire,  to  wax  arrogant. 
Argoletto    vi.    (Fr.    argoulet,    further    etym. 

unknown);   a  light  cavalry  soldier  in  the  i6th  and 
iyth  centuries  in  France. 

*  Argolico  ;  belonging  to  the  ship  Argo. 
Argom^nto  m.  (L.,  v.  Arguire);   i.  argument. 

2.    reason.     3.    summary  (of  a  poem  or  play). 

*i.  means,  resource,  ii.  weapon,  machinery  of 
war.  iii.  means  of  prevention,  iv.  Dalle  dieci 
corna  ebbe  — ,  guided  herself  by  the  Ten  Command- 
ments, D.  Inf.  19.  no,  see  Vernon's  note. 

Aff.  Argoment-abile,  -are,  -alore,  -azione,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Argon&uta  m.  (Gr.);  i.  an  Argonaut,  one  of 
Jason's  crew  on  the  Argo.  2.  the  nautilus,  a  shell 
mollusc  the  female  of  which  appears  in  vast  numbers 
on  the  surface  of  the  Mediterranean. 

Argu-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  infer.    *  to  reprove. 

Etym.  L.  argttere,  to  make  plain,  root  arg, 
v.  Argento. 

A'rgulo  m.  (dim.  from  Gr.  dpyos,  idle) ;  a  crus- 
tacean parasite  on  the  tadpole. 

Arguto  (L.,  v.  Arguire) ;  quick- 
witted. 

*i.  slim.     ii.  sharp,     iii.  shrill,     iv.  sharp-tasting. 

Aff.  Argut-amente,  -£zza,  Argiizia. 
tArguvire;  to  attend  to. 

A'ria  f.  (L.  aer,  Gr.  aijp,  root  va  or 
ua,  to  blow) ;  i.  air;  —  colata,  the  close 
air  of  a  narrow  alley ;  Colpo  d'  — ,  cold, 
catarrh;  A  — ,  approximately,  but  v. 
infra  (7) ;  All'  — ,  face  upwards,  in  the 
phrases  Stare,  Essere,  or  Dormire  a 


pancia  all'  — ;  Buttare,  Mandare,  etc., 
all'  — ,  to  throw  into  confusion,  or  to 
blow  up  by  gunpowder;  A  mezz'  — ,  at 
a  medium  height ;  Segare  il  grano  a 
mezz'  — ,  to  cut  the  corn  at  a  medium 
height  ;  Parlare  a  mezz'  — ,  to  hint ; 
Intendere  a  mezz'  — ,  to  understand  a 
hint ;  Per  aria,  of  a  part  of  a  building, 
flying,  suspended  in  the  air.  2.  in  paint- 
ing, atmosphere,  depth.  3.  Jig.  weather 
as  used  fig.  in  E. ;  Gli  volevo  parlar  di 
quell'  affare  ma  vidi  che  non  era  — , 
I  should  have  liked  to  speak  to  him 
about  that  matter  but  I  saw  it  was  not 
the  weather  for  it.  4.  as  an  order  of 
dismissal  like  Via  !  or  Largo  !  —  ra- 
gazzi,  e  ciascuno  a  casa  sua,  be  off 
you  boys  and  each  of  you  go  home. 
5.  mien,  appearance,  expression  of  face, 
esp.  in  painting ;  Nella  satira  d'  Orazio 
si  vede  tutta  1'  —  della  commedia,  the 
satires  of  Horace  have  just  the  air  of 
light  comedy  ;  Le  pitture  dell'  Angelico 
sono  principalmente  ammirabili  per  1 
—  dei  volti,  the  great  beauty  of  Fra 
Angelico's  painting  is  in  the  expression 
of  his  figures.  6.  Stare  in  —  con  al- 
cuno,  to  be  reserved  towards  him. 
7.  air,  in  music ;  —  de'  sorbetti,  an  air 
sung  by  an  inferior  performer,  lit.  air 
of  ices,  when  the  audience  quit  the 
auditorium  for  the  bar;  A  — ,  (to  play 
or  sing)  by  ear  (itsu.  a  orecchio,  as  in 
English).  8.  In  the  game  of  Minchiate, 
each  of  the  five  top  cards  or  Tarocchi, 
viz.  the  Sole,  Luna,  Stella,  Tromba, 
and  Mondo,  is  called  Aria,  and  counts 
ten. 

*I.  —  soda,  air  of  reserve  in  a  person,  ii.  Esser 
in  — ,  not  to  be  determined,  iii.  Andar  in  — ,  to  get 
angry,  iv.  Far  — ,  to  put  on  airs  of  pride,  v.  Esser 
un  poco  d'  — ,  to  be  good-looking,  vi.  Di  buon'  — , 
in  good  temper,  gracious,  vii.  -Esser  di  buon'  — , 
to  be  in  good  spirits,  viii.  Espresse  1'  —  de'  tempi 
suoi,  he  expressed  the  feelings  and  customs  of  his 
time.  ix.  (mus.)  Strumenti  colle  corde  in  — ,  with 
the  strings  upright,  when  the  instrument  is  played. 
x.  Rendere  —  a  uno,  to  resemble  him. 
fAriale  m.\  facial  appearance. 

AriannayC;  Ariadne.  Filo  d'  — ,  the  thread 
which  forms  a  clue  to  lead  one  out  of  a  difficulty. 

Ariano;  i.  Arian  (heresy).     2.  Aryan  race. 
'  Aricalco  ;//.  ;  —  Oricalco,  brass. 

A'rid-o;  dry,  sterile.     AJf.  -amente,  -ezza,  -ita. 

Etym.  L.  aridttst<arere,  to  be  parched,  which 
probably  represents  an  original  **asere',  for  s>r 
cp.  L.  lares  <o\A  L.  tases,  E.  hare  =  Germ.  Hase, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Hare,  see  also  Skeat,  sub  Was.  Thus 
the  root  of  aridns  is  as,  to  burn  or  glow,  cp.  E. 
ashes. 

Arieggiare  ind.  arieggio;  i.  to  re- 
semble. 2.  to  air  (a  room). 

*  Ariento  w.;  =  Argento,  silver. 
*Arieri  (Fr.  arriere)\  back. 

Aliete  m.  (L.  aries}\  i.  =  Montone, 
ram.  2.  the  constellation  Aries.  3.  bat- 
tering ram.  4.  (mar.)  ram.  5. — idraulico, 
hydraulic  ram. 

*  Arieto  ;  =  Addietro,  backwards. 

Ari^tola  ./.;  a  genus  of  small  beetles,  Leptura. 

Arietta/;  dim.  Aria,  light  musical 
air. 

Arigusta/;  =  Aligusta,  lobster. 

Arillo  tii.  (bit.  arillus,  dry  grape);  (hot.)  aril, 
the  exterior  coat  of  certain  seeds. 

ArimmeticayC;  =  Aritmetica,  arithmetic. 

Aringa/  (O.H.G.  harinc)\  herring, 
Clupea  harengus. 

*=Arringa,  harangue. 


ARINGO— ARMONICO 


49 


*Aringo  »t. ;  i.  =Arringa.  ii.  oratorical  pulpit, 
iii.  arena. 

*  Ariolo  m.  (L.  hariolus,v.  Aruspice);  soothsayer. 
*Arione  w.  ;  =  Airone,  heron. 

Aribs-0(It.  aria);  well-aired;  L' e -a, 
it  is  airy,  i.e.  that  is  a  long  journey; 
said  to  one  who  is  going  far  away,  esp. 
up  in  the  mountains. 

Arisaro  m.  ;  a  species  of  arum. 

A'rista/  ;  (L.)  chine  of  pork. 

'Arista  (Aresta)yC;  =  Resta,  beard  (of  corn). 

Aristarco  m. ;  I.  Aristarchus,  the  Alexandrine 
critic.  2.  Jig.  pedantic  critic. 

Aristocr-atico(Gr.);  as  E.    Aff.  -azia. 

Aristolochia  or  Aristologia  f.  (Gr.  apurro- 
Ao^eta);  (bol.)  birth-wort,  a  genus  of  shrubs  or 
herbaceous  plants  some  species  of  which  are  used 
in  medicine. 

Aristula  /.:  i.  dim.  A'rista.  2.  fig.  prick, 
sharp  pain. 

Aritmet-ica  or  Arimmet-ica./  (Gr.);  as  E. 
—  prattca  or  ragionata,  commercial  arithmetic.  Aff. 
-icamente,  -ico. 

tArizzari  rn.pl.;  roots  of  madder. 

Arlecchinata  /  ;  i.  act  of  a  harle- 
quin. 2.  reversal  of  opinion,  volte-face. 

Arlecchln-o  m.  (Elym.  unknown. 
It  may  be  connected  with  the  O.  Fr. 
hellequin,  spectre,  a  dim.  of  O.H.G. 
helle,  hell ;  it  is  the  Alichino  of  Dante) ; 
harlequin,  an  old  Italian  "  mask,"  v. 
Maschera,  representing  a  Bergamese 
servant.  Aff.  -e'sco. 

Arli;  the  town  of  Aries  in  Provence.  D.  Inf. 
9.  112. 

*  Arliquay?;  =  ReIiquia,  relic. 

Arlotto  m. ;  (A)  the  name  of  a 
priest  of  the  loth  century  famed  for 
his  wit  and  for  his  untidy  dress,  pre- 
sumably a  nickname  adapted  from 
Arlotto  (B).  Provs.  Pare  il  piovano  — , 
said  of  a  dirty,  untidy-looking  person. 
Pare  il  piovano  —  che  non  sapeva 
leggere  che  sul  suo  libro,  who  could 
only  read  his  own  book,  said  of  an  ill- 
educated  priest  barely  able  to  read. 

*(B)  (earn.  Provenc.  arlot,  vagabond,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Harlot);  stupid,  dirty  fellow. 

Anna/.;  i.  v.  Arme.  2.  arm,  in 
the  sense  of  class  of  troops;  —  di 
cavalleria,  the  cavalry  arm ;  —  del 
genio,  corps  of  engineers. 

*  i.   (herald.)  arms.     ii.    (Rowan   kist.)  armour. 
iii.   an  instrument  used  in  navigation,     iv.  =  Anima. 

Armacollo  »/. ;  Ad  — ,  slung  across 
the  shoulders. 

*  i.    gorget,    neck -armour.      ii.     anything    slung 
across  the  shoulders. 

Armadillo  m.  (Span,  armaditla,  dim.  of  ar- 
mada, armed) ;  armadillo. 

Armadio  m.  (L.  armarium  through 
the  form  Armario) ;  cupboard. 

Aft.  Armadi-etto  (not  so  small  as  -no),  -no  dim., 
-olo  dim.,  -one  augm. 

*Armaduray!;  i.  armour,  ii.  weapons,  iii.  train- 
ing.  iv,  all  the  accessories  of  a  ship.  v.  scaffolding 
of  a  building  or  centering  of  anarch,  vi.  preservative 
against  poison. 

Armaiblo  or  Armaiublo  /«.  ;  ar- 
mourer. 

Armalinay^  (It.  armel);  extract  of  wild  rue. 

Armamentario  m.  (L.  armamen- 
tarium) •  store  for  surgical  instruments 
in  a  hospital.  —  chirurgico,  the  instru- 
ments themselves. 

Arinamento  ///.;  i.  arming,  v.  Armare.  2.  the 
requisites  for  arming.  3.  equipment  of  a  ship,  for- 
tress, etc.  4.  crew  of  a  gun.  5.  in//.,  preparations 
for  war. 

H. 


*i.  =Armatura,y.f.  ii.  =  Armeria,yM>.  iii.  arsenal, 
iv.  troops  ready  for  war.  v.  Fare  — ,  to  take  up 
arms.  vi.  =  Armadura  (v). 

*  Armanere ;  =  Rimanere,  to  remain. 

Armare  (L.  armare)  ;  I.  to  arm 
(soldiers).  2.  to  fix  (bayonets).  3.  to 
full-cock  (a  gun).  4.  to  arm  for  war, 
generally.  5.  to  equip  (a  machine) 
with  the  working  parts ;  to  fit  out  (a 
ship).  6.  to  put  up  scaffoldings,  cen- 
terings, for  an  arch,  etc.  7.  to  strengthen 
a  part  of  a  coat  by  placing  an  extra 
piece  of  cloth  underneath  it.  8.  to  get 
ready  (the  mould  of  a  statue)  for  the 
casting. 

Armario  m.;  —  Armadio,  q.v. 

Armata  f. ;  the  land  and  sea  forces 
of  a  country,  or  any  specified  portion 
thereof. 

Armat-o  ;  armed.     AJj.  -ame"nte. 

Armat6re  m. ;  r.  merchant  who 
fits  out  a  ship  fora  commercial  voyage. 

2.  privateer,  free-booter. 
ArmaturayC;  i.  armour.    2.  arma- 
ture of  a  magnet,  etc. ;    anything  that 
is  used  for  mounting  or  putting   into 
working  order  any  article  or  apparatus, 
v.  Armare ;  —  di  servizio,  scaffolding. 

3.  net  used  for  catching  ducks  which 
have  entered  a  decoy. 

*i.  =  armamentr-,  q.v.  ii.  engine  of  war.  iii.  scaf- 
folding. 

Arm-e/!  (L.  anna,  pi.} ;   I.  weapon, 

—  bianca,  steel  weapon  as  opposed  to 

—  da  fuoco,  fire-arm ;  —  corta,  dagger 
or    pistol,    often  fig.    for    treacherous 
weapon  ;  — •  da  tiro,  weapon  for  throw- 
ing missiles  ;  —  in  asta,  lance. 

2.  Military  words  of  command  : — 
Bilanc   arm,  trail   arms  !     Brace   arm,- 
shoulder    arms  !      Ispezion    arm,   port 
arms  !     Pied  arm,  order  arms  !     Pre- 
sentat  arm,  present  arms  !     Spall  arm, 
slope  arms  !     Terr  arm,  ground  arms  ! 

3.  -i   pi.,    soldiers;    Le    prime    -i, 
first  campaign  ;   Fatto  d'  — ,  skirmish  ; 
Piazza  d'  -i,  or  Campo  di  Marte,  mili- 
tary exercise  ground ;  Viso  dell'  — ,  or 
dell'    -i,   stern    expression  ;     —   dotte, 
scientific  corps,  viz.  engineers  and  ar- 
tillery. 

4.  Historical  phrases: — Gente  d' — , 
ancient  mounted  militia;  Re  d'  — ,  her- 
ald, bearing  a  challenge  ;  Uomo  d'  — , 
man-at-arms,  esp.  mounted  man,  fully 
accoutred    knight ;    Uomini    d'    — ,   a 
mounted   militia   of   the    middle   ages 
composed  of  men  of  good  birth. 

5.  Idioms  : — -Passar    per    le    -i,   to 
execute  by  shooting,  a  phrase   dating 
from   the   time   when   the   condemned 
man  had  to  walk  between  two  files  of 
pikemen  who  killed  him;  Render  1'  -i  a 
Giove,  to  give  up  all  pretension  to  fight- 
ing, esp.  fig.,  in  the  field  of  love. 

6.  (herald?)  arms;  II  giglio  el'—- 
del   Comune  di   Firenze,  the   arms   of 
Florence  are  a  lily ;  Abbassare  le  -i,  of 
an   ambassador   on   withdrawing   at   a 
declaration  of  war,  to  take  down   his 
country's  coat  of  arms  from  the  front 
of  his  house ;  Portar  1' —  alia  sepoltura, 
of  one  who  is  the  last  of  his  family. 


*i.  Strada  d'  --,  space  between  the  houses  and 
the  walls  of  a  fortified  city.  ii.  -i  cappate,  selected 
weapons,  iii.  —  certa  alia  bandiera,  the  best  men 
should  be  round  the  flag.  iv.  -i  inarcate,  levelled 
point-blank  at  the  mark  (HSU.  spianate).  v.  —  a 
volonta,  or  A  genio  — ,  a  word  of  command  directing 
troops  to  march  at  ease.  vi.  Esecuzione  dell'  -i, 
meeting  of  hostile  forces,  vii.  Andare  ad  — ,  to 
rebel ;  Andare  in  — ,  to  take  the  field,  viii.  Far 
d'  — ,  to  take  part  in  a  tournament;  Fare  — ,  to  be 
campaigning,  ix.  Aver  1'  —  di  Siena,  i.t.  to  be 
very  hungry. 

*  ArmeggeriayC:  military  spectacle. 

*  Armeggevole ;  v.  Armeggiare. 
•Armeggiadore  m. :  =  Ormeggiatore,  tracker. 

Armeggiam^nto  m. ;  sham  fight  as 
a  public  spectacle. 

Armeggi-are  ind.  armeggio;  i.  to 
fumble  over  a  thing,  to  rummage  about. 
2.  to  become  confused  in  a  speech. 

*i.  to  practise  sword  exercise,     ii.   to  take  part 
.  in  a  tournament,     iii.   to  fight.     Aff.  -atore. 

Armegg-io  m.  \  continual  fumbling, 
etc.,  v.  -are. 

Armeggio///.;  i.  armament.  2.  =  Or- 
meggio,  all  the  tackle  for  mooring  a 
ship. 

Armeggi6ne  m. ;  fumbler,  v.  Ar- 
meggiare. 

A'rmel  m.  (Arabic  hartttala);    Syrian  rue,  a 
plant  of  the  Russian  steppes,  Pegantim  hanttala. 
*Armella./;  i.q.  Armilla. 

Armellfno  m.\  i.  =  Ermellino,  er- 
mine. 2.  =Albicocco,  apricot-tree. 

*Armena  f. ;  a  friable  stone  something  like 
lapis  lazuli. 

*  Armen e    »t. ;    basilisk,  a   fabled  animal  with 
poisonous  breath. 

Armenfaca  f. ;  a  small  variety  of 
apricot. 

Armenic-o,  Pesca  -a,  =  Pesca  spiccaggine, 
peach  which  readily  separates  from  its  stone,  op- 
posed to  Pesca  duracine,  the  pulp  of  which  adheres 
closely  to  the  stone. 

Armento  m.  (L.  armentum,  root  ar, 
to  plough,  the  ploughing  animal) ;  herd. 

Armerfa  f. ;  armoury. 

*Armiero  m.;  squire,  attending  on  a  knight  in 
a  tournament. 

Armfgero  (L.  armiger) ;  warlike. 

Armilla  or  Armella/.  (L.  armilla< 
armus,  the  upper  arm,  root  ar,  to  at- 
tach); i.  bracelet  worn  by  the  ancient 
Roman  soldiers.  2.  ring  of  the  gladia- 
torial cestus.  3.  dog-collar.  4.  circle 
of  an  astronomical  instrument  to  mark 
the  equator,  ecliptic,  etc. 

Armillare;  Sfera  — ,  sphere  with 
brass  circles  showing  the  relations  of 
the  solar  syste*n. 

*  Armista  m. :   register  of  armorial  bearings  of 
the  different  families  of  a  city. 

Armistizio  m.  (<.armi,  and,  on  the  analogy 
of  other  derivatives  of  Latin  words  ending  in  -stitium, 
L.  sis  ft),  to  place) ;  armistice. 

*  Armo  m.  (A)  (L.  armus,  v.  Armilla);  — Omero, 
shoulder.      (B);    (mar.)  =  Armamento,    but    refers 
principally  to  the  crew  of  a  boat. 

*  A  r  moge  /.  (Gr.  ipnoyij) ;  (faint.)  gradation  of 
colours. 

•Armone  m. ;  augm.  Armo,  shoulder. 

Armenia  f.  (Gr.  ap/uofi'a,  root  ar,  to  fit) ; 
harmony. 

Armoniaco  m.',  v.  Ammoniaco. 

Armdnica  f.\  i.  harmonica,  a  musical  instru- 
ment in  which  the  tones  are  produced  by  rubbing 
glasses  with  a  wet  finger,  or  striking  them  with  a 
cork  hammer.  2.  —  a  manticino,  accordion. 

Arm6nic-o;  i.  harmonious.  2.  Piano 
— ,  the  sounding-board  of  a  pianoforte. 

7 


5P 


ARMONIO— ARRANDELLARE 


3.  Capo  — ,  =  Capameno,  merry  rogue. 

4.  (math.}  harmonic  (proportion),  that 
of  a   series   whose    reciprocals   are   in 
arithmetical  progression.    Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Arm6ni-o  m. ;  harmonium,  -oso,  -osamente, 
as  E. 

Armonista  m. ;  student  of  harmony.  *musician. 
Armonizzare;  to  harmonise. 

*  Armoraccio  in.  ;  =  Ramolaccio,  horse-radish. 
Armotbma/;  (Gr.  ap^os,  joining  ;  TOUT},  section 

from  its  mode  of  splitting  into  conjoined  prisms): 
harmotome,  cross-stone,  a  hydrous  silicate  of  alumina 
and  baryta  occurring  in  milky  white  cruciform 
crystals. 

*Arna  w.;  =  Arnia,  beehive. 

Arnaglbssa  (Arnoglossa  -o)  /  (Or. 
apvas,  lamb's,  yXwcrtrn,  tongue) ;  (tot.) 
plantain,  Plantago  lanceolata. 

*  Arnaiuolo  m.\  some  sort  of  receptacle;  etytn, 
and  precise  meaning  both  doubtful. 

Arnauto  m.  ;  Turkish  tax-collector  in  Albania. 
Arnesaccio  m.;  pegg.  Arnese,  q.v. 

*  Arnesare;=Mettere  i  finimenti,  to  harness. 
Arnesario    m.  ;     scene-shifter    in    an    ancient 

Roman  theatre. 

Arn6§e  m. ;  i.  tool.  2.  style  of 
dress.  3.  blackguard;  --  di  polizia, 
police  spy. 

*i.  suit  of  armour,  ii.  cuirass,  ill.  thigh-piece. 
iv-  fig-  fortress,  v.  baggage,  vi.  Mettersi  in  — , 
to  prepare;  Mettersi  in  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  provide 
oneself  with  it.  vii.  Rimettere  in  — ,  to  provide 
with  new  clothes. 

Etym.  A  Celtic  word,  spread  into  the  Romance 
languages  from  the  English  and  French  harness, 
karnais,  which  originated  in  the  word  for  iron,  as 
seen  in  Breton  karftez,  Welsh  haiarn,  Irish  inran. 
The  E.  iron,  Germ.  Eisett,  O.  H.G.  isarn,  are  from 
the  same  root.  The  modern  Germ.  Hamisrh  is 
from  the  Romance  word.  The  original  meaning 
is  that  of  the  old  sense  of  E.  harness  and  Fr.  kamais, 
a  complete  suit  of  armour. 

A'rnia  f.  (cogn.  bk.  arna,  of  unkn. 
orig. ;  perhaps  akin  to  Arnese)  ;  bee- 
hive. 

Arniaio  m, ;  shed  or  stand  for  bee- 
hives. 

A'rnica  f.  (Gr.  irrapntKjj,  from  irraipw,  to 
sneeze);  (hot.)  Arnica  montana,  a  corymbiferous 
plant  sometimes  called  mountain  tobacco. 

Arnigiano ;  of  the  Arno. 

Arni6n-e  m.  (from  renionem,  an 
amplification  of  L.  ren,  renes,  cp.  Gr. 
<ppfves) ;  kidney  of  an  animal  killed  for 
food.  Aver  gli  -i  grossi,  i.e.  to  be  rich. 

Arno  m. ;  (geogr.)  the  river  in  Tus- 
cany. Tu  caschi  or  cascassi  in  — ,  a 
sort  of  gentle  imprecation,  as  of  a  mother 
to  a  tiresome  child.  Prov.  —  non  in- 
grossa  d'  acqua  chiara,  the  Arno  does 
not  go  in  flood  from  clear  water,  /.<•. 
sudden  riches  are  not  honestly  got. 
C'  e  piii  fondo  in  — ,  there  is  a  better 
foundation  in  the  Arno,  said  of  a  person 
who  cannot  be  depended  upon.  The 
word  is  used  in  Italian  without  the 
definite  article. 

Arnogl6ss-a./,  -o  m.;  i.f.  Arnaglossa. 

Arnbtto  m. ;  a  species  of  roach 
found  in  the  Arno. 

Aro  m. ;  (A)  (Fr.  are) ;  a  hundred 
square  metres.  (B)  (L.  arum,  Gr. 
apov);  (bot.)  lords-and-ladies,  wake- 
robin,  or  cuckoo-pint,  A  rum  maculatum. 

*i.  halo.     ii.  =Ara,  altar. 

Ar6m-a  m.  (Gr.)  as  E.  Ajg.  -atico,  -iziare,  to 
give  out  an  aroma. 

t  Aroncigliarsi ;  =  Aggrovigliarsi,  to  kink,  v. 
Arroocigliare. 


Arpa  /  ;  i.  harp.  2.  frame  where 
cocoons  are  placed  for  the  silkworms 
to  become  moths. 

Etym.  The  word  occurs  in  several  of  the 
Romance  languages,  but  in  the  sense  of  claw,  whilst 
the  mil.  harpa  meant  harp,  and  may  be  the  O.  H.G. 
harpha,  old  Scandinavian  harpa,  A.S.  hearpt.  Diez 
thinks  that  in  this  sense  also  the  word  may  be  derived 
from  the  hooked  shape  of  the  musical  instrument. 
The  Romance  arpa,  claw,  Fr.  karpe,  which  means 
both  harp  and  claw,  as  does  the  Proveng.  arpa,  is 
from  the  O.H.G.  karfan,  to  seize;  cp.  Gr.  apirdfa, 
to  seize,  apjnj,  hook,  L.  harpagare,  and  also  rapere, 
to  snatch  ;  v.  Skeat,  ed.  ipto,  sub  Harp,  Harpoon. 

*  Arpagone  m.  (L.  harpago) ;  i.  (mar.)  grappling 
hook  for  boarding,     ii.  hook  used  by  the  ancients  to 
damage  the  enemy's  works  in  land  warfare. 

*  Arpanetta  f.\  an  old  form  ot  harp. 

*  Arpare  (L.  harpagarc,  from  Gr.   apird^o) ;   to 
steal,     t  to  snatch  up. 

Arpasto  in.  (Gr.  apn-a^w) ;  a  game  in  which 
players  snatched  the  ball  from  their  opponents. 

*Arpe  f.\  i.  i.q.  Arpa.  ii.  the  scimitar,  dpmj, 
with  which  Mercury  slew  Argus  or  that  with  which 
Perseus  slew  Medusa,  iii.  a  species  of  vulture. 

Arpeggi-are  ind.  arpeggio;  i.  to 
play  the  harp.  2.  to  play  an  arpeggio, 
broken  chord,  upon  the  piano.  3.  (vet.) 
of  a  horse,  to  throw  up  the  hind  feet  to 
an  extraordinary  degree  and  jerk  them 
outwards  when  trotting.  4.  to  pass 
the  fingers  over  the  strings  of  any  in- 
strument. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Arpeggio  m.;  i.  playing  the  harp. 
2.  testing  an  instrument  by  sounding 
chords  upon  it.  3.  arpeggio  in  playing, 
sounding  the  tones  of  a  chord  suc- 
cessively. 

*  Arpento  m.  ;   the  Fr.  arpent  or  acre,  but  the 
area   intended   was  of  very  various  extent  both  in 
French    and    Italian.      It    was    a    hundred    square 
perches,  but  the  perch  varied. 

*  Arpese  in.  (L.  harpago)  \  (arch.)  clamp. 

Arpla/  (L.  <  Gk.  apwvm,  root  rap, 
to  seize,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Harpy) ;  I .  harpy. 
2.  harpy  eagle  of  Mexico,  Harpyia 
destructor.  3.  lammergeier  vulture, 
Gypaetus  barbatus,  also  termed  Av- 
voltoio  barbuto,  Gipeto  barbuto.  4.= 
Falco  pescatore,  osprey. 

Arpicare  ind.  arpico ;  i.  to  scramble 
up,  2.  to  rack  one's  brains. 

Ety^m.  The  word  is  from  a  form  arpa  which 
occurs  in  several  of  the  Romance  languages,  mean- 
ing  a  claw,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is  to  scramble 
up  by  using  the  claws.  I'.  Arpa. 

*Arpignone  m.;  —  Arpagone,  grappling-iron. 

*Arpinate;  ofArpinum.     As  sb.,  Cicero. 

Arpidn-e  m.  (Romance  arpa,  v. 
Arpa);  i.  hook  for  hanging  things  up. 
2.  hook  for  adjustment  of  a  ring  thereto, 
so  as  to  form  a  loose  hinge.  3.  Attaccare 
una  voglia  all'  — ,  to  hang  up  a  wish  on 
the  hook,  i.e.  to  abandon  the  idea. 

4.  badly  shaped  letter  in  handwriting. 

5.  fish-spear,  harpoon.     Aff.  -are  vb., 
-cello,  -cino  dims. 

Arpionismo  w.\  ratchet  with  catch. 

Arpista  m. ;  harpist. 
Arpone  m. ;  harpoon. 

Arra  f.  (L.  arrha,  shortened  from 
arrhabo,  Gr.  appafiav,  a  Phoenician 
word  for  deposit  paid  on  a  contract  for 
purchase) ;  pledge,  guarantee. 

*i.  earnest  money.  ii.  payment  in  advance. 
iii.  extra  payment;  Per  — ,  into  the  bargain, 
iv.  piece  of  information,  D.  Inf.  15.  94. 

Arrabattarsi  (etym.  wikn.) ;  to  work 
very  hard. 


Arrabbi-are  (It.  rabbia);  i.  of 
animals,  to  become  rabid.  2.  of  man, 
fig.  -  -  della  fame,  to  be  furiously 
hungry.  3.  as  an  exclamation,  Ch'  i' 
arrabbi,  or  Arrabbia!  which  might  be 
translated  Blazes  !  but  there  is  no  really 
analogous  English  expression.  4.  Una 
pietanza  che  arrabbia  dal  sale,  a  dish 
uneatable  from  saltness,  lit.  rabid  with 
saltness.  5.  of  food,  to  be  dried  or 
burnt  from  being  cooked  without  enough 
liquid.  6.  of  crops,  to  be  parched  by 
drought. 

As  refl.  -arsi :  J.  to  fly  into  a  passion, 
more  or  less  intentionally.  8.  —  dietro 
una  cosa,  to  work  at  it  furiously. 

As  part,  -ato:  9.  rabid.  10.  Pietanza 
-ata,  •v. supra  (4).  \\.fig.  enraged,  des- 
perate, frantic.  12.  Musica -ata,  played 
at  a  frantic  pace.  13.  Cotto  — ,  hastily 
cooked.  14.  Following  an  adj.,  -ato 
gives  the  force  of  a  superlative,  Secco 
— ,  frantically  thin.  15.  (hist.}  Gli  -ati, 
the  party  opposed  to  Savonarola's  re- 
ligious reforms  in  Florence.  16.  Ter- 
reno  — ,  ground  very  badly  prepared  for 
its  crop,  worked  in  wrong  time  and  way. 

Ajfjf.  Arrabbi. amento,  -atamente,  -atello  dim. 
spreg.  impotently  enraged,  -atuccio  ditrt.,  -atura. 

Arrabbiaticcio  m. ;  ground  spoilt 
by  bad  management,  i>.  Arrabbiare  (16). 

*Arrabone  m. ;  v.  Arra. 

Arracacha  or  Arracaccia  /?;  (hot.)  a  genus  of 
South  American  plants,  order  Utnbelliferae.  The 
A.  esculenta  has  an  edible  root  like  a  potato. 

Arracanarsi ;  =  Stracanarsi,  to  fa- 
tigue oneself. 

tArracchare;  to  hug. 

Arraffare  (It.  raffio) ;  to  snatch. 

*Arraguare  ;  to  scuffle. 
* Arraia  A;=Rabbia,  rage. 

Arramacci-are  ( 1 1.  ramaccia) ; = Ab- 
borracciare,  to  do  (work)  hurriedly. 

*to  drag  down  on  a  sledge,  Ramaccia.  -ato  giu 
col  falcione,  put  together  haphazard,  lit.  dragged 
down  with  the  hedge-bill. 

Arramaccio  m.  \  careless,  hasty 
work.  *  turmoil. 

•Arramatare  (It.  ramata);  i.  =  Ramatare,  to 
knock  down  birds  with  the  Ramata.  ii.  =  Bastonare, 
to  beat. 

*Arrambaggio  in. ;  (war.)  boarding,  v.  Arram- 
bare. 

*Arrambare  (It.  rampo) ;  i.  to  seize,  ii.  to 
clamber  up.  iii.  (mar.)  to  board  an  enemy's  ship. 
V.  Arrembare. 

Arrampicarsi  ind.  m'  arrampico  (It. 
rainpa) ;  to  climb  up. 

*  Arrampignare  ;  to  steal,  seize  by  robbery. 

Arranc-are  (It.  ranco);  i.  of  a 
cripple,  to  hobble  along  quickly.  2.  Ar- 
ranca  !  imperat.,  an  order  to  one's  boat- 
man to  bring  the  boat  to  the  bank. 
3.  Arranca,  arranca,  gli  riusci  d'  arri- 
varci,  by  making  great  exertions  he 
managed  to  get  there.  4.  (mar.)  (a)  to 
row  at  full  speed ;  (t)  -arsi,  to  claw  off 
from  a  lee  shore. 

*-arsi:  i.  to  use  great  exertions,  ii.  of  a  person's 
energy  or  courage,  to  break  down.  iii.  —  Ii  capelli, 
of  Dido,  in  the  Aeneid,  to  tear  out  her  hair. 

*  ArrancatayT;  a  vigorous  stroke  with  the  oar. 

Arrandell-are  (Arrendellare)  ind. 
arrandello  (It.  randello);  i.  to  throw 
away,  as  a  useless  piece  of  lumber. 


ARRANFIARE— ARRIVATURA 


5' 


2.  to  sell  below  market  value,  throw 
away.  3.  to  tighten  a  cord  by  twisting 
it  up  with  a  bar  which  has  been  passed 
underneath  it. 

*Poco  piii  largo  d'  un  ramo  di  la  dal  fosso  un 
ponte  egli  arrandella,  sopra  il  quale  ella  passa  sola, 
a  bridge  little  wider  than  an  oar  doth  he  throw  over 
the  foss,  over  which  she  passeth  alone.  Fortig. 
Ricciard.  28.  78.  -arsi  in  cintura :  (<z)  of  a  woman, 
to  lace  in  her  waist  tightly  ;  (6)  fig.  to  put  on  a 
reserved  and  dignified  bearing. 

t  Arranfiare ;  =  Aggranfiare,  to  seize. 

Arrangi-are(Fr.  arranger);  \.  pop. 
scherz.  to  thrash  (a  person).  2.  to 
adjust.  3.  to  arrange,  -arsi,  to  arrange 
a  mutual  compromise. 

*  Arrangol-are  or  -arsi  (freq.  of  It.  Arrancare); 
to  take  much  trouble.     Lavoro  -ato,  laborious  work. 

•Arrante;  Cavaliere  —  =  C.  errante,  knight- 
errant. 

Arrapin-arsi  ind.  m'  arrapmo  (It. 
rapina,  fury) ;  to  struggle  hard. 

*  -are,  to  stimulate,     -arsi,  to  grow  angry. 
*Arrappare    (Germanic,    v.     Rapare,    A,    and 

Raspo) ;  i.  to  snatch,  ii.  to  cheat,  iii.  intr.  or 
rejl.  to  climb  up. 

*Arraspare  (It.  raspa);  i.  to  scrape,  ii.  to 
pilfer. 

"ArratayC;  v.  Arra. 

*Arrazzare  (It.  razzo,  for  raggio,  ray);  i.  to 
shine,  ii.  as  if  from  Razzo,  rocket,  as  an  impreca- 
tion, Ch'  i'  arrazzi ! ,  may  1  go  off  like  a  rocket! 
if,  etc. 

Arrec-are  ind.  arreco  (intens.  Re- 
care,!  ;  to  bring,  produce. 

*  i.   to  induce,     ii.  to  prove,    iii.   —  a  nulla,  to 
reckon  as  nothing.     As  refl.  -arsi:  iv.  to  limit  one- 
self,     v.    to  accommodate   oneself,      vi.    to   betake 
oneself;  —  a  vergogna,  to  feel  ashamed  ;  —  a  cattivo 
augurio  die... ,  to   reckon   it  a  bad   omen,  that... ; 
—  a  lode,  to  take  credit  for ;  —  a  Ventura,  to  con- 
sider oneself  fortunate,     vii.    -arsela  da  uno,  to  be 
offended  at  his  conduct;   -arsi  da  uno  un  torto,  to 
be  affronted  at  his  conduct ;  -arsi  uno  in  contrario, 
to  take  a  dislike  for  him. 

tArrecavo  m. ;  («ar.)=Dormiente,  fixed  end. 

Arredare  ind.  arredo ;  to  fit  out. 

Arredo  m.  ;  fittings,  esp.  of  a 
church. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  arreo,  Provens,  arrei,  old 
Fr.  arroit>E..  array, <Low  Germ,  rede,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Array,  Ready,  and  infra  Corredo. 

Arrembaggio  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Arrem- 
bare. 

Arremb-are  ind.  arrembo  (var.  of 
Arrambare) ;  i.  (mar.)  to  board  (an 
enemy's  ship).  Part,  -ato :  2.  jaded, 
lit.  hooked  on  to  something  so  as  to  be 
pulled  along.  3.  of  a  horse,  lame 
through  distortion  of  the  feet  or  bowed 
knees. 

*  -arsi :  i.  to  lean  against,     ii.  to  go  lame,  v.  -ato. 

Arrembatura  /  ;  i.  exhaustion  of 
a  man  or  horse.  2.  lameness  of  a 
horse. 

Arren-are  ind.  arrdno  (L.  arena); 
to  run  aground.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Arrendamento  nt.  ;  =  Appalto,  letting. 
•Arrendellare;  v.  Arrandellare. 


Piu  il  panno  e  fine  e  piu  si  arrenJe,  the 
finer  the  cloth  the  more  supple  it  is. 

*  -ere;  i.  =  Rendere  (generally),  ii.  to  surrender,  tr. 
rrend-evole  pliable,  -evolezza,  -evolme'nte. 


perf.  m'  arrdsi  -rende'sti, 

part,  arrdso  or  *  arrenduto ;  (intens. 
Rendere);  i.  to  surrender.  2.  of  a 
branch  or  any  material,  to  yield  under 
pressure  without  breaking.  3.  — a  uno, 
to  obey  him  willingly.  Prov.  Chi  ha 
bisogno  si  arrenda,  those  who  ask 
favours  must  not  be  proud ;  Chi  e  piu 
gentile  e  piu  si  arrende,  a  courteous  per- 
son is  ready  to  give  way,  which  is  also 
the  sentiment  expressed./^,  by  ihcfirov. 


Arr6so  ;  part.  Arrendere. 

Arrestabue  m.  ;  (tot.)  rest-harrow, 
Ononis  arvensis.  The  name,  as  in  E. 
and  in  Fr.  Arrtle-basuf,  is  taken  from 
the  resistance  which  the  long  roots  of 
this  plant  offer  to  the  plough. 

Arrest-are  (L.  ad,  restore);  to  arrest.  —  la 
catena,  to  stopper  the  chain.  *  to  sequestrate.  Aff. 
-o  sb. 

Arret-are  ind.  arre"to  (It  rete);  to 
catch  in  a  net. 

*  -ato,  presenting  an  appearance  of  network. 

Arretr-arsi  ind.  m'  arretro  (It. 
retro)  ;  to  retire,  -ato,  behindhand. 
Gli  arretrati,  arrears,  outstandings. 

*-are:  i.  to  withdraw,  tr.     ii.   to  repel. 
*Arretrosito;  going  backwards. 
*Arrettivo    (Arrettizio    Arretto),    (L-    arripere 
arreptus)  ;   possessed  by  evil  spirits. 

*  Arrezzare  (It.  rezzo);  to  put  in  the  shade. 

Arri  (Arro)!  (O.H.G.  hare,  hero, 
this  way,  this  side,  cp.  Old  Fr.  haro, 
stop!  harier,  to  urge  on)  ;  Gee  up  ! 

Arri.ccb.-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  ricco);  to 
enrich,  or  intr.  to  grow  rich.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Arricci-are;  i.  to  curl.  2.  of  a 
dog,  bird,  etc.,  to  bristle  up  (his  hair), 
curl  up  (his  lips),  ruffle  up  (its  feathers). 
3.  to  groove  a  plastered  wall  for  white- 
washing. 

*  i.  —  la  fronte,  or  -arsi  tutto,  to  scowl,    ii.  —  intr. 
or  -arsi,  of  the  hair,  to  stand  on  end.     iii.   -arsi,  to 
rise  in  rebellion,     iv.    -arsi,  to  be  horrified. 

Etym.  The  primary  meaning  is  that  of  No.  (2) 
above,<C**rt</-rrtr//orY,  v.  Rizzare,  whilst  some  of 
the  other  senses  are  presumably  a  later  development 
under  the  influence  of  Riccio,  curl. 

Aff.  Arricci-am^nto,  -atura. 

Arricciato  m.  ;  \.  wall  with  the 
plaster  grooved  for  whitewashing. 
2.  brocade. 

Anicci-0  m.  ;  i.q.  -ato  (i). 

Arricciol-are  ind.  arricciolo;  to 
curl  (a  child's  hair).  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*Arricobello  w.  ;  T.  Arrigobello. 
Arricordare  ;  pop.  fur  Ricordare. 

Arridatdio  m.  ;  (mar.)  —  a  vite, 
stretching-screw. 

Arridere  per/,  arrisi  -riddsti,  part. 
arriso  (It.  ridere)  ;  to  smile  upon. 

Arridott6re  ;  compounded  of  Arri,  Dottore,  a 
fool  of  a  doctor. 

Arrieto  ;  pop.  for  Addietro,  behind. 
*Arriffare  (It.   riffa);    to   put  up   for  sale   at  a 
raffle. 

Arrigato  ;  scored  with  scratches. 

ArrlgO  ;«.  ;  Henry. 

*  Arrigobello   m.  ;    clown  employed    to   collect 
people  for  games. 

Arringa  (Aringa)  /  (O.H.G.  hring, 
arena,  cp.  E.  rink,  ring)  ;  harangue. 

Aff.  Arring-am^nto,  -are,  -at«5re. 

ArringO  (Aringo,  Arengo)  m.  ;  ring, 
arena. 

•Arrip-are;  i.  to  approach  the  bank.  ii.  for 
Abripare,  to  run  down  from  the  hill.  iii.  -arsi  for 
Abriparsi,  to  form  a  compact  mass. 

Arrischi-are  pop.  Arrisicare  or 
Arristiare  (It  rischio);  to  risk,  -arsi, 
to  venture.  Aff.  -atame'nte. 


off. 


Arrischio  m. ;  pop.  for  Risdiio,  risk. 
Arrisicare ;  v.  Arrischiare. 

Arriso ;  part.  Arridere. 

Arristiare  ;  pop.  for  Arrischiare. 
*  Arritornare;  i.  to  shear,  shave,    ii. 


to  round 


•Arritorzolato;  twisted. 

•Arrivamento  »«.;  i.  = Arrivo,  arrival,  ii.  as- 
sembly, iii.  Grande  — ,  =  Buona  comparsa,  good 
appearance. 

Arriv-are  (It.  riva,  so  that  the  orig. 
meaning  was  "to  approach"  or  "bring  to 
the  shore");  I.  to  arrive.  2.  to  be  big 
enough,  strong  enough,  etc.  La  giubba 
gli  starebbe  ma  le  maniche  non  arrivano, 
the  jacket  would  do  but  the  sleeves  are 
not  long  enough ;  Dovrebbero  esser 
mille  lire  ma  non  arrivano,  there  ought 
to  be  a  thousand  francs  but  they  are 
short ;  Non  ci  arrivo,  I  have  not  the 
means  for  it.  3.  Si  pu6  —  fin  Ii,  try 
your  utmost;  E  un  ladro  matricolato  e 
si  puo  —  fin  11,  he  is  a  regular  thief,  I 
say  it  emphatically  ;  Si  puo  —  fin  Ii  ma 
un  galantuomo  piu  di  lui  e  impossibile 
trovarlo,  search  as  you  may,  you  will 
never  find  a  more  thorough  gentleman. 
4.  tr.  to  catch  up ;  Lo  arriv6  alia 
svoltata  e  lo  picchio  di  santa  ragione, 
he  caught  him  up  at  the  turning  and 
gave  him  a  good  drubbing ;  Chi  mi 
passa  arrivo,  those  who  pass  me  I  catch 
up  (afterwards).  5.  to  reach  ;  Scendimi 
quel  libro  perchfe  io  non  lo  arrivo,  hand 
me  down  that  book,  I  cannot  reach  it 
myself.  6.  —  troppo  una  vivanda,  to 
hold  it  too  near  the  fire ;  Si  arriva,  it  is 
being  scorched,  may  be  said,  e.g.  of 
linen  too  near  the  fire.  7.  to  be  equal 
to,  to  rival;  Non  1'  arriva  n6  in  bellezza 
ne  in  bonta  ne  in  altro,  she  is  not  her 
equal  in  beauty  or  in  goodness  or  any- 
thing else.  8.  Non  gli  arriva  a  legar  le 
scarpe,  to  describe  great  inferiority, 
corresp.  to  the  E.  he  is  not  tit  to 
black  his  boots.  9.  — sopra,  or  addosso 
a  uno,  i.e.  with  aggressive  intentions. 

10.  to  strike,  beat ;  L:  arrivo  con  una 
sassata,  he  hit  him  with  a  stone;  Se  ti 
vede  il  babbo,  t'  arriva,  if  your  daddy 
sees   you,   he   will   beat   you.     ii.     to 
deliver  (a  blow) ;  Gli  arriv6  una  basto- 
nata,  he  hit  him  with  a  cudgel.     12.  -arsi 
con   un   ferro,   to   cut   oneself,  e.g.   in 
cutting     a     pencil.      13.      of    cutting 
language;  Tali  parole  arrivano  prima 
all'   osso   che   alia   pelle,   such    words 
reach    the   bone    before   the   skin,   an 
expressive    way   of    saying    that    they 
wound  deeply.     14.   to  go  somewhere 
for  a   short   time ;    Arrivo  al   cafte  e 
torno,  I  am  just  going  out  to  the  coffee- 
house   and    shall    be    back    directly ; 
Arriva  qui  all'  appalto  a  prendermi  de' 
francobolli,  just   go   out   to   the  office 
close   by   and   get   me    some    stamps. 
15.  -arsi,  of  a  horse,  to  strike  the  hind 
and  fore  feet  together  in  trotting. 

*  i.    to  go  or  send  (the  boat)  towards  the  shore. 

11.  to   go  ashore ;    Aver   buon   — ,  to  have  a  good 
landing-place. 

Arrivato;  i.  Ben  — ,  welcome.  2.  of 
food,  overdone,  too  much  cooked. 
3.  hit,  -v.  Arrivare  (io). 

Arrivatura  f. ;  in  composing  for  the  press, 
that  piece  of  composing  which  reaches  a  place  in 


ARRIVO— ARSENICO 


the  copy  where   the   composing   had   already  been 
done. 

Arrive  m. ;  arrival. 

*  Arrizzare  ;=Rizzare,  to  raise,  bristle  up. 

*  Arro  ;  v.  Arri. 

*Arrobata  or  Arrombata  f.\  a  defensive 
parapet  on  ships. 

"Arrobbiare;  to  dye  with  Robbia,  madder. 
*Arrocare;  =  Arrochire,  to  grow  hoarse. 

Arrocc-are;  i.  to  place  on  the 
distaff  the  material  to  be  spun.  2.  at 
chess,  to  castle.  *  -ato,  fortified. 

Arrocchi-are  (It.  rocchio);  i.  to  cut 
up  into  blocks,  Rocchi.  2.  —  un  pezzo 
di  cuoio,  to  make  a  roll  of  leather. 

3.  fig.  =  Abborracciare,  to  work  hastily. 

*  i.  to  pick  up  haphazard,  without  care.    ii.  —  una 
causa,  to  handle  it  without  method. 

Aff.  Arrocchidne,  v.  -are  (3). 

Arroch-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  roco) ;  to 
make,  or  become  hoarse.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Arrogant-e  (L.  ndrogans) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -ello  dim.,  -eme'nte  adv.,  -<5ne  augni.,  Arro- 
ganza. 

Arr6g-are  ind.  arrogo  (L.  adrogare)',  (leg.)  to 
adopt  (a  person  not  under  the  patria  fotestas  of 
another),  -arsi,  to  arrogate  to  oneself. 

*i.  to  claim  without  right,  ii.  =  Presumere. 
iii.  =  Abrogare. 

Aff.  Arrog-ato  adopted  son,  -attire,  -azidne. 

Arrbgere  perf.  arrosi,  part,  arroso 
or  arroto  (modified  from  L.  adrogare) ; 
a  defective  verb  nearly  obsolete,  to  add. 
The  imperative,  arrogi,  is  now  occasion- 
ally used  to  mean  Besides,  in  addition 
to  what  I  have  said.  The  part,  arroto 
is  further  explained  below. 

*Arrogiare  ;=Bagnare,  to  wet,  v.  Rugiada. 
*Arrogimento  m. ;  addition. 

Arrolare  (Arruolare)  ind.  arrolo 
(It.  ruolo);  to  enrol. 

Aff.  Arrol-am£nto,  -atdre. 

*  Arrombata  f. ;  v.  Arrobata. 

*  Arromp-ere  ;  i.  =  Rompere,  to  break,     ii.  —  il 
sangue,  to  burst  the  blood-vessels.     As  rejl.  -ersi: 
iii.    to  break  out.     iv.    to  break  away. 

*  Arronc-are  (It.  ronca);  i.  to  cut  with  a  hedge- 
bill,     ii.   to  weed.     iii.   to  clear  away  stumps,  roots 
of  trees,  etc.     iv.  -ato,  with  a  wrinkled  face. 

t  Arronchiare;  =  Rattrarre  or  Aggranchire,  to 
contract  (the  muscles)  with  cramp  or  cold. 

Arroncigli-are  (Arruncigliare)  (It. 
ronciglio);  I.  to  seize  with  a  hook. 
2.  to  seize,  generally.  3.  to  curl  up. 

4.  of  a  cat,  to  arch  its  back,     -arsi,  to 
writhe. 

*  Arronsinarsi  ;= Arronzinarsi. 

Arronz-arsi  ind.  m'  arr6nzo,  or 
-inarsi  ind.  m'  arronzino  (Arronsinarsi) ; 
to  work  very  hard,  lit.  like  a  hack, 
Ronzino. 

*Arronzinato  (The  meaning  seems  to  preclude 
derivation  from  Arronzinare  and  to  suggest  that  of 
Aoncinare  with  the  double  r  inserted  for  euphony) ; 
hooked  back,  describing  a  particular  kind  of  Cappuc- 
cio,  hood. 

*  Arrorare  (L.  adrorare) ;  to  sprinkle  like  dew. 
Arrosare  (L.  ros,  cp.  Fr.  arroser);  to  sprinkle 

like  dew. 

ArroSellare  or  Arrosolire ;  =  Ro- 
solare,  to  roast. 

*  Arrosi,  Arroso  ;  v.  Arrogere. 

Arrossare  (It.  rosso);  i.  tr.  to 
redden.  2.  intr.  to  become  red,  by 
chemical  action.  *  to  blush. 

*  Arrossicare  (freq.  Arrossare)  ;  to  redden,  esp. 
by  shedding  of  blood. 

Arross-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  rosso) ;  to 
blush.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*Arrost-are  (It.  rosta);  i.  to  drive  away  (flies) 
with  a  fan.  ii.  to  msve  (a  thing)  about  like  a  fan, 


to  drive  away  (any  unpleasant  object).  As  refl. 
-arsi :  iii.  to  wave  one  s  arms  about  or  to  swing 
one's  weapon  round  in  self-defence,  iv.  to  hurry, 
v.  to  exert  oneself,  vi.  in  a  translation  of  Virgil,  of 
a  bird,  to  fly  round  and  round. 

*  Arrosticciana  f. ;  slice  of  roast  pork. 

Arrost-ire  i  mi.  -isco  (O.H.G.  rostan 
•v.  Skeat,  sub  Roast,  with  prefix  =  L.  ad) ; 
i.  to  roast.  2.  to  toast.  3.  also  of  cold 
wind,  to  shrivel  (plants).  4.  fig.  to 
"roast"  by  borrowing  money  from  a 
friend  without  any  intention  of  repaying. 

5.  to  talk  nonsense.     AJjf.  -itura. 
Arrbsto    m.    (sync,    for    Arrostito, 

part.oi  Arrostire);  roast  meat.  — morto, 
without  gravy.  Proverbs:  Chi  la  vuole 
allesso  e  chi  — ,  some  prefer  boiled, 
others  roast,  i.e.  opinions  differ.  £ 
meglio  aspettar  1'  -  -  che  trovar  il 
diavolo  nel  catino,  it  is  better  to  wait 
for  the  roast  than  find  the  devil  in  the 
dish,  i.e.  to  come  too  soon  and  have  to 
wait  than  too  late  and  find  the  dinner 
all  gone. 

SS"  The  word  is  also  used  as  an 
adv.  with  the  force  of  an  adj.  Piccioni 
arrosto,  roasted  pigeons. 

*Ha  il  color  d'  allesso  e  d'  — ,  he  has  the  colour 
of  boiled  and  roast,  i.e.  his  hair  is  streaked  with 
white. 

'Arrotay:;  i.q.  Arroto,  adjunct. 

Arrotafbrbice  m.  indecl. ;  scissors- 
grinder. 

Arrot-are    ind.    arr&to   (It.    rota); 

1.  to  sharpen  on  the  grindstone.     2.  to 
grind  to  a  smooth  surface.    3.  in  driving 
a  carriage,  to  run  into  the  wheels  of 
another    carriage.      4.     to    wear    out 
clothes.     5.    --la  lingua,  to  grumble. 

6.  -    i    coltelli,    to    plan    treachery. 

7.  —  i  ferri,  to  sharpen  the  tools,  i.e.  go 
to  work.     8.  —  i  denti,  to  gnash  with 
the  teeth. 

As   refl.    -arsi :    9.     to    work    hard. 

10.  -  -   intorno  ad   uno,   to  try  by  all 
manner  of  means  to  ingratiate  oneself 
with  him. 

Part,  -ato,  of  a  horse,  marked  with 
white  spots.  Leardo  -ato,  a  horse 
whose  spots  are  radiating  like  a  wheel, 
as  distinguished  from  Leardo  pomellato, 
whose  spots  are  more  or  less  round. 

*i.    to  put  to  death  by  "breaking  on  the  wheel." 

11.  Pietra  -ante,  grindstone. 

AJj.  Arrot-abile,  -am^nto,  -atura  sharpening  or 
payment  therefor,  -10  continued  grinding. 

*  Arroteare  (It.  rota);  to  whirl  round. 

Arrotlno  m. ;  knife-grinder. 

Arrbto  in.  (part,  of  arrogere  used 
as  sb.);  in  pi.  i.  at  Florence  the 
branch  offices  of  the  Monte  dei  prestiti, 
municipal  loan  office.  2.  assistant 
magistrates  in  medieval  Florence,  esp. 
those  who  assisted  the  six  principal 
magistrates,  the  Priori.  *  adjunct. 

Arrotolare  ind.  arrotolo  (It.  rotolo) ; 
to  roll  up. 

Arrotondare  (It.  rotondo) ;  to  round 
off. 

Arrovell-are  ind.  arrovello  (It.  ro- 
vello);  i.  to  enrage.  As  refl.  -arsi: 

2.  to   be  enraged.     3.    to  work   hard. 
4.   The  part,  is  used  to  intensify  any 
adj.    Brutto  -ato,  excessively  ugly.   Aff. 
-ame'nto. 


Arroventare  ind.  arrovento  (It.  ro- 
vente) ;  to  make  red  hot 

Aff.  Arrovent-atura,  -ire  to  become  red  hot, 
-ime'nto. 

Arrovesciare;  =  Rovesciare,  to  turn 
upside  down. 

Aff.  Arrovesci-ame'nto,  -atura. 

Arrov6scio  or  A  rov&scio;  oppo- 
sitely, contrary.  Andar  — ,  to  go  badly. 

Arrozzire  ind.  -isco  (It.  rozzo);  to 
become  wild  and  rough. 

*  to  make  (a  person)  be,  or  appear  to  be,  rough. 
*Arrubinare  (It.  rubino);   to  make  red  like  a 

ruby. 

t Arruciol-are  (It.  truciolo);  to  move  a  thing 
by  turning  it  over  and  over,  -arsi,  to  be  turned  over. 

*Arrud-are  (It.  rude);  to  become  rough,  -ato, 
stiffened  (by  cold,  etc.). 

Arruffa  m.  (It.  arruffare) ;  disturber. 
11  sor  Arruffa,  Mr  Upsetter  of  every- 
thing. 

Arruff-are  (It.  ruffa);  I.  to  make 
(the  hair)  untidy.  2.  generally,  to  make 
untidy.  3.  of  animals,  —  il  pelo,  to 
bristle  up  the  hair.  4.  —  le  matasse, 
to  act  as  a  go-between  in  love  affairs. 
5.  -arsi,  to  get  in  a  tangle.  6.  -ato,  v. 
infra. 

Aff.  Arruff-amatasse  mischief-maker,  -amento, 
-apbpoli  demagogue,  agitator,  -atamente,  -io  freq. 

A/'.,   -one. 

Arruffat-0 ;  untidy,  lit.  and  fig. ; 
Scrittore  — ,  careless  untidy  writer; 
prov.  La  matassa  quanto  e  piu  -a  e 
meglio,  s'  accommoda,  the  worse  the 
tangle  the  better  it  is  for  putting  right, 
i.e.  the  greater  the  difficulty  the  more 
easily  is  the  requisite  resolution  sum- 
moned up  for  putting  it  right.  Eredita 
-a,  inheritance  encumbered  with  debts, 
lawsuits,  etc. 

*  Arruffellare ;  dim.   to  throw  into  slight  dis- 
order. 

Arruffian-are  ind.  arruffiano  (It. 
ruffiano) ;  to  cover  up  the  faults  of. 
Denaro  -ato,  money,  the  disgraceful 
origin  of  which  is  concealed: — a  low 
word. 

Arniff-fo,  -i<5ne ;  mischief-making, 
-maker,  v.  Arruffare. 

*Arrugare  (It.  ruga);  to  wrinkle  or  become 
wrinkled. 

*  Arruggere  ;=Ruggere,  to  roar. 
Arruggin-ire   ind.    -isco  (It.   ruggine);    i.    to 

become  rusty,  lit.  and  Jig.     2.   of  the  teeth,  =  Alle- 
gare,  to  set  on  edge. 

*  =  Arrozzire,  to  train  (boys)  to  be  wild. 
tArrughire;  =  Arrochire,  to  make  hoarse. 

*  Arrugiadare  (It.  rugiada);  i.  to  bedew,     ii.   to 
irrigate. 

*  Arruncigliare  ;  —  Arroncigliare,  q.v. 

*  Arruolare  ;  —  Arrolare. 

*  Arruotare  ;=  Arrotare. 

Arnibto  in.  ;  =  Arroto. 

*  Arm  vidare ;  =  Arruvidire. 

AlTUVid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  ruvido); 
to  roughen.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Arruzzare  ;=Ruzzare,  to  play. 

Arruzzolare  ind.  arruzzolo;  =  Ruz- 
zolare,  to  roll  headlong. 

Arsella  f. ;  the  edible  mussel,  Mytilus  edulis. 

Arsenale  »/.  (It.  darsena,  dock,  from  an  ad- 
jectival derivative  of  which,  darsenale,  the  d  was 
dropped,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Arsenal);  arsenal. 

t  Arsenaldtto ;  worker  in  the  Venice  arsenal. 

Arseni-co  tn.  (L.  arsenicum,  Gr.  aptrcccKoi', 
from  appi}f,  apo-ijy,  male,  on  account  of  its  virulence); 
arsenic.  Aff.  -cale,  -cato,  -<5so,  -uro. 


ARSI— ASCENDERE 


53 


Arsi  _/  (Gr.  dpuis,  from  alpw,  to  raise) ;  arsis, 
emphasis  on  some  syllable,  v.  Tesi. 

'Arsiccia/:;  Fare  — ,  or  *  Arsicciare,  =  Addeb- 
bare,  to  burn  for  mammal  purposes. 

Arslcc-io  (sync.  part,  of  -iare); 
i.  scorched.  2.  parched  with  thirst. 

*i.  sunburnt,  ii.  in  love.  iii.  (beard)  curled  by 
singeing,  iv.  half-burnt  (torch). 

*  Arsigio ;  i.g.  Arsiccio. 

Arsile  m. ;  hull,  carcase  of  a  ship. 
Arsi6ne_/C  (L.  arsio) ;  burning  thirst. 

*i.  burning,     ii.  very  hot  weather. 

*  Arsi vo  ;  caustic. 

Arso ;  part,  ardere. 

*i.  partly  burnt  (candle).  ii.  poor,  indigent, 
ill.  as  sb.,  coke. 

•Arsore;  burner  of  the  dead,  as  transl.  of  L. 
ustor. 

Arsura/;  i.  a  spell  of  very  hot 
weather.  2.  burning  thirst. 

*  i.  Mettere  ad  — ,  to  burn.    ii.  burning  of  spices, 
iii.    parching   heat,   from   fever,      iv.    —   de'   piedi, 
inflammation  of  the  feet  in  dogs.     v.    poverty. 

Artaccia/  ;  pegg.  Arte,  unprofitable 
trade. 

*  Artagoticamente ;  iron,  wonderfully,  a  word 
coined  by  Boccaccio  from  Arte  and  Gotico. 

Artanftay:;  i.  (bot.)  cyclamen,  Alpine  violet, 
Cyclamen  Europaeum.  i.  a  kind  of  ointment  made 
therefrom. 

*Artare  (L.  artare);  to  constrain. 

*Artato(It.  arte);  artful. 

Arte/  (L.  ars,artis);  I.  art.  Ad  — 
=  Apposta,  expressly.  2.  (hist.)  Le  -i, 
the  Arts,  or  rather,  the  Guilds  of 
Florence  of  which  there  were  seven 
major  and  fourteen  minor,  v.  Maggiore 
(ii).  They  were  instituted  by  Giano 
della  Bella,  but  their  number  sub- 
sequently varied.  3.  -  -  bianca,  the 
baker's  trade.  4.  Far  1'  —  di  Michel- 
accio,  to  do  nothing  but  eat.  5.  Chi  ha 

-  ha  parte,  a  master  of  his  art  can 
always  find  a  living.     6.   Non  avere  ne 
—  ne  parte,  to  have  no  means  of  getting 

one's  living,  lit.  neither  art  nor  share 
of  wealth.  7.  in  bad  sense,  art,  artful- 
ness; Per —  e  per  inganno  Si  vive  mezzo 
T  anno,  E  per  inganno  ed  —  Si  vive 
P  altra  parte,  by  cunning  and  deceit  one 
may  live  for  half  the  year,  and  by  deceit 
and  cunning  the  other  half. 

•i.  astronomy,  physics,  geography  or  astrology. 
11.  —  magna,  alchemy,  iii.  —  priraa,  grammar. 
*v.  —  di  note,  =  Contabilita,  work  of  an  accountant, 
v.  Gettar  1'  — ,  to  throw  magical  spells. 

•Artefare;  to  adulterate,  falsify. 
Artefatto;— Fatturato,  artificial. 

Artifice   m.    (L.    artifex);    artisan. 
II  sommo  — ,  God. 

*  Arteggiare  ;  to  use  artifices  habitually. 
Artemisia /.;  i.  (bat.)  mugwort  or  wormwood, 

A  rtemisia^  vulgaris  or  A .  absinthttm.     2.  absinth. 

Arteri-a  f.  (Gr.  ipmpi'a,  orig.  the  windpipe, 
<  aetpw,  to  hang  up) ;  artery.     Aff.  -dso. 

Arteriotomfa  /.;  anatomy  of  the  arteries. 

Artesiano ;    artesian    (well),    from    Artois    in 
France  where  wells  of  this  kind  were  first  sunk 
•Artetica/  (Gr.  &pepov);  (tned.)  arthritis. 


*Artezza_/C  (It.  arto);  narrowness. 
*  Articella/;  dim.  Arte,  paltry  art. 

A'rtico  (L.  arcticus  from  arctos,  the 
Great  Bear);  arctic. 

Articolare;  i.  articular,  relating  to 
the  joints.  AST/*.:  2.  to  move  (a  limb). 
3.  to  articulate  (words).  4.  to  specify 
distinctly. 

Articolatame'nte ;  articulately. 


Articolat-o ;  i.  (gram.)  of  a  pre- 
position, joined  to  the  article  as  al  or 
del,  etc.  2.  articulate  (sounds),  such  as 
make  definite  words.  As  sb. :  3.  the 
series  of  the  articles  of  a  law,  govern- 
ment contract,  etc.  4.  in  pi.  -i,  the 
articulate  class  of  animals. 

Articolazibne  / ;  i.  v.  Articolare, 
vb.  2.  articulation,  joint. 

Articolista  m. ;  writer  of  newspaper 
articles,  esp.  leading  articles. 

Articolo  m.  (L.  articulus,  dim.  of  artus,  limb, 
root  ar,  to  join) ;  article  in  various  senses,  as  in  E. 

*i.  joint,  articulation,  ii.  integral  part.  iii.  in  — 
di  necessita,  in  case  of  necessity,  iv.  moment, 
exact  instant,  v.  circumstances  of  place  ;  Guarda 
a_  che  —  m'  ha  condotto  la  fortuna,  see  into  what 
circumstances  fortune  has  brought  me.  vi.  circum- 
stance of  time;  L'  —  della  persecuzione,  the  time  of 
the  persecution,  vii.  In  sull'  —  della  morte,  in 
articulo  mortis. 

Aff.  Articoletto  dim.  Also,  in  the  journalistic 
sense,  Articol-ino  dim.  vezz.  neat  little  article,  -ista 
v.  supra,  in  loco,  -<5ne  augm.  important  article, 
•ucciaccio  dim.  spreg.  fegg.  wretched  little  article, 
•uccino  dim.  vezz.  modest  little  article,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.  paltry  article. 

Arti^re  m.  (It.  arte);  artisan. 

Artificio  or  Artiflzio  m.  (L.  arti- 
ficiuni);  \.  artifice.  2.  cunning;  Fuochi 
d'  — ,  fireworks. 

*i.  skill,  workmanship,  ii.  practice  of  a  skilled 
trade. 

Aff.  Artificer  Artifizi-)-aie  artificial,  -almente, 
-osamente,  -osita,  -dso  studied,  tricky. 

Artifiziuccio  m.  dim.  spreg.  Artifizio,  con- 
temptible artifice. 

Artigian-0  m.,  -a  /. ;  artisan.  Aff. 
-ello  spreg.,  -e"sco. 

•Artigliare;  i.  to  seize  in  the  claws,  ii.  fig  = 
Allacciare,  q.v.  iii.  to  be  a  robber. 

•Artighato(A);  provided  with  claws.  (B);  pro- 
vided with  artillery. 

Artigliere  m. ;  artilleryman. 
Artiglieria  /,  (mlt.  artillare,  to  provide  war-  • 
like  engines,  from  attillum,  dim.  of  L.  ars,  artis, 
cp.  Proven5.  artilka,  trench,  orig.  engine  of  war; 
the  formation  of  artillum  from  artem  is  confirmed 
by  that   of  old    Fr.    artilleux,   artificial,   from   the 
same  source);  artillery,  modern  or  ancient. 

Artfglio  m.  (L.  articulus,  v.  Arti- 
colo) ;  claw. 

*  Artiglioso  ;  provided  with,  or,  resembling  claws. 
*Artim6ne  m.  (Gr.  aprVpui>,  from  aprau,  to  be 
hanging,  root  ar,  to  fit);  one  of  the  principal  sails  of 
a  ship.  Chi  terzeruolo  ed  artimon  rintoppa,  one 
man  will  be  mending  a  small  sail  and  (another 
doing)  one  of  the  larger  ones.  D.  Inf.  ai.  15. 

Art  1st  a  _»._(It  arte);  i.  artist.    2.  fop.  artisan. 
Aff.  Artist-icam£me,  -ico,  -uzzo  spreg. 

Arto  (L.  artus);  narrow.  As  sb.: 
i.  joint,  articulation.  2.  =  Orso,  the 
Great  Bear.  3.  the  north. 

Artocarpo  m.  •  (tat.)  a  genus  of  trees  of  which 
the  bread-fruit  tree  is  one,  Arlacarfus  ir/cisa. 

Artofilace  m.  (Gr.  ap«Toc,  cpiiXaf);  the  con- 
stellation Bootes. 

Ar-trite  or  -tritide /.  (Gr.  tp»pov);  arthritis, 
inflammation  of  the  joints.  Ajf.  Artritico. 

Artropodi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  ipflpoi',  jroik);  the 
arthropods,  insects,  spiders,  crustaceans  and  myria- 
pods. 

Artu;  King  Arthur  of  Britain.     D.  Inf.  32.  62. 

Arturo    m.    (L.    arctunis,    Gr.    opirrot,    bear, 
oipo?,  guard,  from  its  situation  near  the  tail  of  the 
Great    Bear);    i.    Arcturus,   the    brightest   star   in 
Bootes.     2.  fig.  guide.     3.    Arthur. 
*Arula/;  hearth. 

Arundeliani  m.  pi.  ;  the  Arundel  marbles 
brought  from  Greece  by  Sir  W.  Petty  at  the  cost 
of  the  Earl  of  Arundel  in  1627 ;  part  of  the  collection 
is  now  at  Oxford. 

Aruspic-e  m.  (L.  haruspex  <  hara, 
gut,  spicere,  to  look  at,  v.  Corda); 
ancient  Roman  soothsayer.  Aff.  -ina, 
art  of  soothsaying. 


Arvali  m.  pi.  ;  the  Arval  brothers,  a  fraternity 
described  by  Varro,  who  offered  sacrifices  at  stated 
periods  for  the  success  of  agriculture. 

*  Arzagogo  ;    i.   descriptive  of  some  species  of 
kite.     ii.    worthless  (person). 

Arzagola,  Arzavola,  or  Alzavola 
f.  ;  teal,  Anas  crtcca,  also  termed  Anatra 
querquedula,  Baruzzola,  Cercevolo, 
Garganello,  Sartella. 


Etym.  unJsn.     It  is  probably  a  corruption  from 


Span,  cerceta,  Portug.  zarzeta,  names  for  the  same 
bird. 

*  ArzanayI;  =  Arsenale,  q.v. 
Arzavola,  v.  Arzagola. 

•Arzeglio;   of  a  horse,  with  the  off  hind  foot 
white,  ••".   Balzano. 

•Arzente  ;  =  Ardente.     Acqua  — ,  alcohol. 
tArzentin  m. ;  scabbard-fish,  v.  Lepidopo. 

*  Arzentino  m. ;  i.  =  Argentine,   ii.  =  Maldicente. 
Arzica  f.:  a  yellow  used  by  miniature  painters. 

Arzigbgolo  m. ;  sophistical  quibble, 
intended  to  confuse  the  issue,  fiddle- 
faddle. 

Etym.  Prob,  by  involved  metatheses  from  It 
giro+rigare,  whence  (i)  Girigorp,  confused  set  of 
lines,/*£%  confused  reasoning;  this  may  have  given 
(2)  **rigigogoU>  and  (3)  "argigogolo,  whence  Ar- 
cigogolare  and  Arzigogolo. 

Aff.  Arzigogol-eria  quibbling,  -one  quibbler. 

Arzilla  /.;  i.  —  rossina,  rough  ray  (fish), 
Dasybatis  asterias,  locally  termed  Rasa,  Raseta 

Baracola,  Arzilla  comune,  Arzilla  di  rena.    2. chio- 

data,  thornback,  Dasybatis  clavata,  locally  termed 
Rasa,  Rasa  spinosa,  Kazza  di  scoglio,  Arzilla  petrosa, 
Pigara  petrosa.  3.  —  scardasso,  fuller,  white  horse, 
or  gullet,  Uasybatis fullonica,  locally  termed  Raseta, 
Baracola.  4.  —  monaca  =  Razza  monaca,  white 
skate,  V.  Razza  (A,  4). 

Arzillo;  pungent, sprightly.  Vino — , 
slightly  sparkling.  *  slightly  drunk. 

Etym.  dub.  but  doubtless  Latin.  The  suggested 
sources  are  (i)  It.  arso  with  s  changed  to  z  perhaps 
under  the  influence  of  the  word  Arzente,  (2)  a  form 
**arditillo,  dim.  of  Ardito,  contracted  to  **ard'tillo 
arzillo. 

Arzinche  or  Arzinghe  f.  pi.;  a  kind  of 
grooved  tongs  used  in  the  mint. 

Arzuccolare;  to  prune  vine-cuttings,  Maglioli. 
^  Asaldire;  =  Esaudire,  to  hear. 
•Asaltare;  i.  =Esaltare.     ii.  =Assaltare. 

Asapo  m. ;  i.  Turkish  cavalry  soldier,  ii.  in- 
fantry soldier  in  a  garrison. 

Asarabacca/.;  (bot.)  i.  —  del  Canada,  Cana- 
dian snake  root,  Asarum  (Sartaderise.  3.  —  europea, 
hazelwort,  Asarum  Europaeum. 

A'saro  m.  (Gr.);  v.  Asarabacca. 
*  Asbergo  ;«. ;  =  Usbergo,  hauberk. 

Asbesto  (Abesto)  m.  (Gr.    a  priv.,  av3«Vi/vp.i, 
to   quench,  ///.  therefore  unquenched);   asbestos,  a 
fibrous  mineral,  a  variety  of  hornblende. 
*Ascarano  m.  ;  =  Scherano,  assassin. 

to  jump);  a  genus  of  intestinal  worms. 
*Ascar-o  m.,  -a  /.;  v.  Aschero. 

Ascarubla/;  (bot.)  prickly  lettuce,  Lactuca 
scariola. 

Asce  f. ;  =  Ascia,  axe. 

Ascdll-a  f.  (L.  axilla,  v.  Ala) ;  arm- 
pit. Aff.  -are. 

Ascendentale ;  Linea  — ,  line  of 
ancestors. 

Ascendente  »t. ;  ancestor. 

*i.  in  astrology,  that  zodiacal  sign  which  was 
rising  on  the  horizon  when  the  subject  was  born  and 
under  whose  ascendant  he  therefore  was.  ii.  Jig. 
influence. 

Ascend^nza/. ;  ancestors  in  a  direct 
line. 

Ascendere  perf.  ascdsi  -scende'sti, 
part,  ascdso  (L.  <  ad,  and  scandere, 
which  in  its  compounds  is  -scendere; 
for  scandere,  -v.  infra  Scendere);  I.  to 
ascend.  2.  of  expenses,  to  amount. 
3.  pop.  for  Scendere,  to  descend. 


54 


ASCENSIONE— ASOLARE 


Ascensi6ne  /;  I.  ascent,  rising. 
2.  ascension. 

Ascensivo  ;  seeking  to  ascend. 

Ascens6re  m. ;  lift. 
Asc^sa/i ;  =  Salita,  ascent. 
Ascesi ;  the  town  of  Assisi,  D.  Par. 
ii-  S3- 

Ascfiso ;  part.  Ascendere. 

Ascesso  m.  (L.  abscessus,  from  ab, 
cedo) ;  abscess. 

Ascet-a  m.  (Gr.  ao-Kni-r/s,  one  who 
performs  exercises) ;  ascetic.  Aff.  -ico, 
-is  mo. 

Asce'tta/  ;  dim.  Ascia,  adze. 

t  Aschero  (Ascaro)  m.  (Ascara,  Ascherezza  f.)  ; 

1.  grief,  regret,     ii.   vexation  at  something  one  hears 
said.     iii.   longing  desire. 

Etym.  uncertain.  Perhaps  <  Gothic  **aisk6n, 
akin  to  A.S.  ascian,  O.H.G.  eitkdn  (>  Germ. 
heischen,  to  require),  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Ask. 

A'schio  m. ;  pop.  for  Astio,  envy. 

Ascia  or  Asce/  (L.  ascia,  akin  to 
E.  axe,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Axe) ;  adze.  Fatto 
coll'  — ,  made  with  an  adze,  i.e.  clumsily. 
Unasentenza  coll'  — ,  a  judgment  given 
haphazard.  Maestro  d'  — ,  shipwright, 
ship's  carpenter. 

Asciali  in.  pl.\  two  long  pieces  of  wood  which 
flank  the  pole  of  a  harrow. 

Ascialbne  ;«.;  r.  wooden  carrier  bolted  to  a 
scaffold  pole  to  support  a  putlog.  2.  a  movable 
piece  for  making  the  pressure  of  a  vice  fall  where 
required,  v.  Sergente. 

Asciare ;  to  chip  (a  pole)  with  an 
adze  so  as  to  reduce  its  siae.  —  le 
botti,  to  clean  the  interior  of  a  cask  by 
chipping  it. 

Asciata  f. ;    i .   blow  with  an  adze. 

2.  judgment  given  without   considera- 
tion.    3.    settlement  of  a  dispute  in  a 
rough  and  ready  way. 

Ascidiate  (Gr.  a«r«6s,  wine-skin);  Foglie  — , 
(hot.)  leaves  which  assume  the  shape  and  function  of 
water-bottles,  as  in  the  pitcher-plant,  Nepenthes. 

Ascidie ./ //.  (Gr.  daxoc,  wine-skin,  €t6os,  ap- 
pearance); ascidians,  the  tunicated  class  of  animals. 

Ascidio  (?'.  Ascidiate);  the  leaf  of  the  pitcher- 
plant. 

*Ascio  (A)  titij.  (Gr.  i  priv.,  trcta);  without 
shadow,  referring  to  a  person  who  has  the  sun  ex- 
actly at  his  zenith.  (B)  sb,  ;=Agio,  ease. 

*  Asciogliere  ;  i.  =  Sciogliere,  to  dissolve,     ii.   to 
liberate,     iii.   to  absolve. 

*  Asciolvere  (Sciolvere)(L.  solvent,  in  the  phrase 
solvere  jejutiid)',  i.  to  breakfast.    Also  as  sb.t  break- 
fast,     ii.    period  of   time  sufficient   for  breakfast, 
iii.   a  small  matter,  small  sum  of  money,     iv.   Dar 
1'  ultimo  — ,  to  kill. 

Ascissa  /I  (L.  abscissas);  (ninth.)  abscissa. 

Ascite/;  (Gr.  a<7<c<fc,  wine-skin) ;  ascites,  dropsy 
in  the  abdomen. 

*Ascitizio  (L.  adscittcius<.scire) ',  adventitious, 
extra,  borrowed. 

*  Asc iugaberrett e  m. ;  one  who  steals  Berrette, 
caps. 

Asciugamauo  (Sciugamano)  m. ; 
towel. 

Asciugapenne  m. ;  penwiper. 

Asciugare  (L.  exsucare);  i.  tr.  or 
t'ntr.,  to  dry;  Asciugategli  il  sudore, 
dry  up  his  sweat,  iron.,  with  the  occa- 
sional addition,  con  una  granata,  with  a 
broom,  said  to  one  who  thinks  he  has 
accomplished  much  but  has  really  done 
nothing.  2.  (vet.)  —  un  cavallo,  to  cure 
him  of  glanders. 

*  i.  to  draw  up  (water  from  the  sea  by  evaporation), 
ii.   —  piaghe,  to  alleviate  sorrows. 

Aff,  Asciug-amento,  -atura. 


Asciugatoio  m.\  i.  bath-towel. 
2.  cloth  spread  over  the  bed  of  a  person 
receiving  the  Viaticum. 

*i.  cloth  placed  on  a  pillow  to  keep  it  clean 
where  a  person's  head  comes,  ii.  drying-place  for 
clothes. 

Asciu61o  m.  ;  an  axe  of  peculiar  shape  used  by 
millers  for  shaping  the  necks  of  the  Bossoli. 

Asciutt-o  (  L.  exsuctus,  from  sugere, 
to  suck)  ;  dry.  Secondary  meanings  :  — 
i.  with  little  or  no  gravy.  2.  Rimanere 
a  denti  -i,  i.e.  to  have  tried  without 
result.  3.  of  wine,  strong,  such  as  to 
leave  the  mouth  dry.  4.  of  writings, 
poor,  paltry.  5.  reserved  in  manner. 
6.  impoverished,  ruined.  7.  thin. 

*i.  unattractive,  ii.  frank  (advice),  iii.  Uomo 
che  ha  le  narici  -e,  man  with  dry  nostrils,  i.e.  who 
will  form  a  good  judgment,  iv.  =mal  concio,  in  evil 
case.  v.  unknown,  without  imitators,  vi.  obscure. 
vii.  A  dente  —  ,  hungry. 

AJf.  Asciutt-are  =  Asciugare,  -ezza,  -ino  dim. 


Asciuttdre  m.  ;  drought. 


*  Ascizio  ;  sync,  for  Ascitizio. 

Asclepiade  /.  ;  (bot.)  Syrian  swallow-wort, 
Asclepias  Syriaca,  sometimes  called  wild  cotton 
plant,  belonging  to  the  order  Asciepiadaceae  ;  there 
is  no  British  species. 

Asclepiadeo  m.  ;  Asclepiad  verse,  e^.  Mae- 
cenas a  farts  edite  regibvs  (Horace,  Od.  I.  l). 

*Ascolta/;;  i.  listening,    ii.  sentinel,    iii.  Andare 
all'  —  ,  of  a  nun,  to  consult  her  superior. 

Ascolt-are  ind.  ascolto  ;  i.  to  listen 
to.  2.  (»/*</.)  as  E.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Etym.  L.  ausculto<**aus,  ear,  **cttltare,  to 
bend  ;  where  aits  is  the  base  of  L.  auris,  v.  precchio, 
and  cHltarc  is  for  "clitare,  akin  to  "cliaare,  to 
lean,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Incline,  so  that  the  ///.  sense  is 
to  bend  down  the  ear. 

Ascoltazi6ne  (Oscultazione)  f.  ;  (nud.)  aus- 
cultation. 

Asc61t-o  m.  ;  Dare  —  ,  to  listen. 

*  Part.  sync,  for  -ato.     i.   heard,     ii.   dismissed  ; 
Essere  —  ,  to  have  no  more  to  do.    iii.  as  sli.,  sen- 
tinel. 

*  Ascond-arello  m.  ;   hiding-place.     *  -ere  (L. 
abscondere),  to  hide.     'Asconsivo,  hidden. 

•Ascortare;  to  shorten. 

*  Ascoso;  part.  Ascondere. 

*  Ascosto  ;=Nascosto. 

Ascreo  ;  of  Ascra  in  Boeotia,  the  birthplace  of 
Hesiod. 

*  Ascrittizio  (L.  ascripticius);   i.   enrolled  on  a 
list  as  citizen,  colonist,  etc.     it.  of  a  slave,  attached 
to  the  soil  and  sold  with  the  estate,     iii.  reservist  of 
the  Roman  army.     iv.  god  made  by  apotheosis. 

Ascritto  ;  part.  Ascrivere. 

Ascrivere  per/,  ascrissi  -scrive'sti, 
part,  ascritto  (L.  ascribere);  to  ascribe. 

•Aseita/  (L.  a  se);  self-existence,  the  property 
of  God. 

Asello  IK.  (L.,  dim.  of  asinus,  the  colour  of  the 
fish  being  like  that  of  an  ass)  ;  i.  a  fish  of  the  cod 
family.  2.  a  genus  of  isopod  crustaceans  or  _wood- 
lice,  some  of  which  are  aquatic,  others  terrestrial. 

*Asembrarc;  to  assemble. 

*  Asemprare  ;  i.  to  copy.     ii.  to  represent. 

*  Asequio  nt.  ;=  Esequie,  obsequies. 
Asfalt-o  m.  (Gr.  ia^oAros,  a   foreign  word); 

asphalt.     Ajff.  -ico. 

Asfissfa  /  (Gr.  do-(/>u£i'a,  cessation 
of  the  pulse,  <  a  priv.,  <r<f>v£ta,  to  throb)  ; 
asphyxia,  death  by  suffocation. 

Asfodelo  m.  (Gr.  a<r<J.66cAo!,  an  Oriental  word)  ; 
(hot.)  asphodel,  Aspkodclus  rajnosus,  also  termed 
Asta  regia. 

tAsia   or   Asial    nt.  ;    a  species  of  dog-fish,  r. 
Spinerolo. 

Asiatico;  i.  Asiatic.  2.  Stile  —  ,  Oriental 
style.  3.  Morbo  —  ,  cholera. 

Asflo  m.  (L.  <  Gr.  oo-uXov  <  a  priv., 
<ri>\T],  right  of  seizure,  cp.  <ruXd«,  to 
strip)  ;  asylum. 

*Asim-a  /:;  =  Asma,  asthma.  *-««;  to  work 
hard. 


Aslmmetr-0 ;  I.  of  animal  form, 
unsymmetrical.  2.  (math.)  incommen- 
surable. Aff.  -ia. 

Asinaccio  (Asinastro)  m. ;  i.  v.  Asino.  2.  a 
variety  of  fig. 

Asindetico  (Gr.  a.  priv.,  trvvStu,  to  connect); 
disconnected  (speaking). 

Asindeto  m. ;  {gram.)  omission  of  the  copula, 
e.g.  Dicentia  tacenda  locutus  (Horace). 

Asin^llo  m.;  i.  ass's  colt  or  small 
ass.  2.  fig.  the  human  body.  3.  a 
species  of  fish,  v.  Asello.  4.  foundation 
stone  in  a  sewer.  5.  horizontal  rafter 
in  the  ridge  of  a  roof,  to  which  the  other 
rafters  are  nailed  at  their  upper  ends. 

Asino  m.  (L.  asinus,  cp.  Gr.  ovos 
for  acrvos,  orig.  a  Semitic  word);  ass, 
Equus  asinus.  —  selvaggio,  the  wild 
ass,  Onager. 

Phrases:  i.  Dare  dell'  — ,  to  call 
(a  man)  an  ass.  2.  Toccare  dell'  — , 
to  be  called  an  ass.  3.  A  schiena  d'  — , 
of  the  shape  of  a  road,  hog-backed. 
4.  Ponte  dell'  — ,  the  pans  asinorum, 
the  fifth  proposition  of  Euclid.  5. 
Specchio  d  — ,  Muscovy  glass,  v.  Scag- 
lioliola.  Proverb:  6.  Qui  mi  cadde  1' — , 
i.e.  here  came  the  difficulty,  here  I  came 
to  grief.  7.  —  risalito,  bardato  or  in 
gualdrappa,  i.e.  nouveau  riche,  without 
manners.  8.  Andare  dietro  al  suo  — , 
to  pursue  one's  way  regardless  of  what 
others  say.  9.  Arare  col  bue  e  coll'  — , 
i.e.  to  use  every  possible  means. 
10.  Cercar  ¥  —  e  esserci  a  cavallo,  to 
seek  abroad  what  we  have  better  at 
home.  ii.  Far  conto  che  ragli  un  — , 
to  regard  as  little  as  an  ass's  bray,  i.e.  to 
disregard  completely.  12.  C'  e  1'  - 
alia  lira,  a  translation  of  the  Latin 
asinus  ad  lyram,  when  a  man  undertakes 
what  he  knows  nothing  about.  13.  Fare 
come  1'  —  del  pentolaio,  to  be  like  the 
potter's  donkey  (which  stops  at  every 
door),  i.e.  to  gossip  with  everybody. 
1 4.  Legar  1'  —  or  Legar  1'  —  a  buona 
caviglia,  to  tie  the  ass  to  a  stout  peg, 
i.e.  go  fast  asleep.  1 5.  Lego  1'  —  dove 
vuole  il  padrone,  i.e.  1  am  only  obeying 
my  orders.  16.  Metier  1'  —  a  cavallo, 
i.e.  to  put  a  bad  thing  on  the  top  of  a 
good  one,  e.g.  to  wear  an  old  dress-body 
and  a  new  skirt.  17.  Gli  sta  meglio 
che  il  basto  all'  — ,  i.e.  his  punishment 
is  well  deserved.  18.  E'  va  piii  d'  un  — 
al  mercato,  i.e.  no  one  is  indispensable. 

Aff.  Asin-a,  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine 
stupid  action,  -aia' stable  for  donkeys, 
-aio  donkey-driver,  -ata  ride  on  a 
donkey,  -eria  ignorance  of  good  breed- 
ing, -escamdnte,  -dsco  ill-bred,  -mo 
stupid,  -ita  stupidity,  -one  augm. 

Asintote  f.  or  -o  m.  (Gr.);  (matk.)  asymptote. 

Asintdtico  ;   Spazio  — ,  the   space  between  a 
curve  and  its  asymptote. 
*  Asip  m. ;  v.  Agio. 

As' iso  m. ;  a  kind  of  sizing  placed  upon  paper  to 
be  gilded. 

Asm-a  /.  (Gr.  <"o-#/ia,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Asthma) ;  asthma.  Far  venire  1'  — , 
=  Seccare,  to  bore.  Pianta  dell'  — , 
(bot.)  asthma  plant,  Psychotria  offici- 
nalis.  Aff.  -atico. 

Asolare  ind.  asolo  (altered  from 
Esalare<  l^.exhalare,  root  an  to  breathe, 


v.  Ahto)  ;    i.    of  the  wind,  to  sough. 
2.    to  hang  out  (clothes)  to  air. 

*  Asoliere  m. ;  trouser-belt,  v.  Usoliere. 

A'solo  m.;  light  breeze.     Dare  — , 
to  air  (clothes). 

As6pa  ;  (geogr.)  Mare  d'  — ,  Sea  of 


Azo 

Aspa  f. ;  (>«rtr.)=ManoveI!a,  bar.  t=Aspo, 
reel. 

'Aspaldo  »/.;  =  Spaldo,  rampart. 

Aspata  /  ;  reel-full  of  silk. 

Aspe  m. ;  I.  (mar.)  capstan-bar. 
2.  =Aspide,  asp. 

*  Asperarteria  f.  (L.  aspera  arteria,  v.  Arteria) ; 
the  trachea,  windpipe. 

Asperella  or  Asprella  /;  (tot.) 
mare's-tail,  v.  Coda  (19,  b). 

Aspergere  perf.  aspersi  -ergdsti, 
part,  asperso  (L.  aspergere);  to  be- 
sprinkle. 

Aff.  Asper-ges  (Latin  word,  =  Asper- 
sorio),  -sione,  -s6rio  holy- water  sprinkler, 
aspergill. 

Aspergillo  m.  :  i.  the  watering-pot  shell,  a 
genus  of  bivalve  molluscs,  family  Gastfrockaenidae. 
2.  a  genus  of  fungi  one  of  which,  the  Asftrgillus 
glaucus,  is  the  blue  mould  of  cheese. 

'Aspergine  tn. ;  =  Aspersione,  sprinkling. 
*Aspergolo  in. ;  =  Aspersorio,  sprinkler. 

Asperifdlie  f.  pi. ;  (tat.)  the  rough-leaved  class 
of  plants. 

Aspers-idne,  -o,  -orio,  v.  Aspergere. 

Aspett-are  ind.  aspetto  (L.  ad- 
spectare  or  ex-spectare) ;  to  wait  for. 
-arsf,  to  expect.  -  a  gloria,  to  expect 
eagerly.  —  la  Providenza,  to  wait  upon 
Providence  (and  do  nothing  for  our- 
selves). Ti  ci  -o,  a  sort  of  threat.  Hai 
avuto  un  santo  dalla  tua;  ma  non 
pensare !  se  non  e  oggi,  e  domani,  ti  ci 
aspetto,  you  have  had  the  best  of  it  this 
time,  but  don't  imagine  it  is  over,  I  shall 
be  keeping  a  look-out  for  you,  and  one 
of  these  days  I  shall  serve  you  out.  Chi 
ha  tempo  non  aspetti  tempo,  if  you  have 
an  opportunity,  do  not  wait  for  .one. 

Aff.  Aspett-ativa  expectations,  -o 
waiting. 

Aspettazidne  J.  ;  i.  anxious  expectation. 
i.  (keraU.)  Tavola  d'  — ,  shield  of  one  uniform 
tint,  as  it  were,  waiting  for  some  feat  to  be  com- 
memorated. 

Aspetto  m.  (A) ;  v.  Aspettare. 

(B)  (L.  aspectus);  i.  (facial)  appear- 
ance; Aprimo— , at  first  sight.  2.  view 
(of  a  landscape).  3.  aspect.  4.  (astr.) 
aspect,  relative  position  of  the  planets 
and  stars.  5.  (paperm.)  a  kind  of 
crutch  where  the  wet  sheets  are  hung 
up  to  dry. 

Aspettdne  m. ;  waylayer,  assassin 
in  ambush. 

A'spide  CAspe)/  (Or.  do-™);  asp. 

Aspirare  ind.  aspi'ro  (L.  spirare,  root 
spis);  I.  to  draw  the  breath  in.  2.  to 
aspirate.  3.  intr.  to  aspire.  4.  of  a 
pump,  to  produce  a  vacuum. 

Aff.  Aspir-atame'nte,  -ativo,  -azioncella  (dim. 
-azione),  -azione. 

Asplcno  or  Asplenio  tn. ;  (tat.)  splcenwort,  a 
genus  of  ferns,  Asplenium. 

Aspo.  Annaspo,  or  Naspo  m. 
(O.H.G.  haspa,  cp.  Germ.  Haspel); 


ASOLIERE— ASSEMBLEA 

reel.  Non  far  ne  un  —  ne  un  arcolaio, 
to  make  neither  a  reel  nor  a  winder, 
i.e.  to  fail  by  trying  to  do  two  things  at 
once.  Credere  di  far  un  —  e  fare  un 
arcolaio,  i.e.  to  do  oneself  harm  instead 
of  good. 

Aspone  m. ;  (mar.)  bar  of  the  bilge 
ways. 

Asportare  ind.  asporto  (L.<  ab, par- 
tare);  i.  to  carry  off,  clear  away  after 
an  auction.  2.  (surg.)  to  extirpate  (a 
tumour). 

Aff.  Asport-dbile,  -atore,  -azione. 
*  Asprarmonioso  ;  in  rugged  harmony. 

Aspreggiare  ind.  asprdggio ;  to  treat 
roughly. 


Asprella  f. ;  i.q.  Asperella,  mare's- 
tail. 

Aspro  (L.  asper);  rough.  As  sb., 
a  Turkish  coin  worth  about  a  halfpenny. 

Aff.  Aspr-amente,  -ettmo  (dim.  -etto),  -e"tto 
slightly  rough,  -ezza,  -igno  rather  acid,  -ino  dim. 
pleasantly  acid  (wine);  these  two  also  as  sbs. ;  -igno 
a  certain  acidity,  -ino  an  agreeable  acidity. 

Aspr6ne  m. ;  a  black  kind  of  tufa 
stone. 

Assa  f.  (mlt.  asa,  an  Oriental  word, 
cp.  Persian  aza,  mastic,  Arabic  asd, 
healing);  i.  —  dolce,  benzoin.  2.  — 
fetida,  assafoetida,  the  inspissated  juice 
of  the  Ferula  assafoetida. 

Assaccia  f.  •  pegg.  of  Asse  (A). 
*  Assaccomannare  ;  to  plunder. 

Assaett-are  ind.  assadtto  ( 1 1.  saetta) ; 
to  be  excessively  unpleasant.  Un  caldo, 
Un  puzzo  che  -a,  an  overpowering  heat, 
a  fearful  stink.  -  dalla  fame,  dalla 
sete,  to  be  terribly  hungry,  thirsty,  etc. 
Ch'  i  assaetti,  a  common  form  of  swear- 
ing, -arsi,  to  work  very  hard,  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Assafetida  ;  v.  Assa  (2). 

Assaggi-are  (It.  saggio);  i.  to  taste, 
to  sample.  2.  fig.  to  taste  a  beating. 
3.  to  assay  (metals),  to  test  (the  fer- 
tility of  a  soil).  Aff.  -atore,  -atura,  -o 
sample. 

Assai  adv.  (L.  satis);  i.  plenty; 
Del  pane  ce  n'  e  — ,  there  is  plenty  of 
bread ;  Ora  ho  parlato  — ,  I  have  now 
spoken  quite  enough.  2.  very.  3.  with 
Essere  or  Parere,  a  great  deal ;  E  - 
che  si  sia  degnato  di  rispondere,  it  is 
a  great  thing  that  he  has  been  good 
enough  to  answer;  Mi  pare  —  che  tu 
abbia  venduto  quella  bell'  opera,  I 
wonder  at  your  selling  that  beautiful 
work.  4.  Averne  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  be 
sick  of  it;  Ne  ho  —  di  questi  esami, 
I  am  sick  of  these  examinations. 

*  Assaldire  ;~Esaudire. 

*  Assale  »».;  =  Sala,  axle. 

Assal-ire  ind.  assalgo  (or  pop.  as- 
salisco)  assali  assale,...assalgono,  perf. 
assalii  (or  *assalsi)  -salisti,  part,  as- 
salito  (L.  satire);  to  assail. 

Ajf.  AssaMme'nto,  -tt6re,  -itrice. 

Assalt-o  m.  (mlt.  assallus  <  L.  as- 
sultus<ad,  saltare);  assault.  Pigliar 
d'  — ,  or  Pigliar  di  petto,  to  take  (a 
thing)  up  violently.  L'  ha  presa  troppo 


55 

d' — ,  vedrai  che  non  dura,  he  has  taken 
it  up  too  violently,  you  will  see  that  it 
won't  last. 

AJ}.  Assalt-abile,  -are,  -atore. 

*  Assannare  ;  =  Azzannare,  to  grind  the  teeth. 

Assapor-are  ind.  assaporo  (It.  sa- 
pore);  to  keep  (a  thing)  in  the  mouth 
so  as  to  get  its  taste.  *to  flavour. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Assaporire;  to  flavour. 

Assappo  in.  \  Turkish  infantry  soldier. 
tAssaro  m.  ;  withy  for  basket-making. 

Assassino  m.  (Arabic  hasciscin,  one  who  when 
drugged  with  hashish  would  commit  any  crime 
desired  of  him) ;  assassin.  As  adj.,  murderous. 

Aff.  Assassin-amento,  -are,  -escamente,  -esco, 
-inio  (i.g.  -amento). 

Assaurire  ind.  -isco  (corr.  of  Assavorare);  in 
tanning,  to  take  a  hide  out  of  the  bath  and  examine 
its  colour. 

*  Assavorare  ;  =  Assaporare,  to  taste. 

Asse  (A)/,  with  pi.  Asse  corresp. 
to  an  old  sing.  *  Assa  (L.  assis)  •  board. 
Esser  fra  due  asse,  i.e.  in  a  tight  place. 

(B)  m.  (L.  axis,  axle-tree,  cp.  Sanskr. 
aksa  wheel,    Gr.   a^iav,   O.H.G.    ahsa, 
Germ.   Achsel,   axle);    i.    axle;    —    a 
manovella,  crank  axle.    2.  (math.)  axis. 
3.    —  nella  rota,  wheel  and  axle,  one 
of  the  five  "  simple  machines."    4.  —  d' 
un  quadrante,  hand  of  a  dial.    5.  (anat.) 
the  second  cervical  vertebra,  the  axis. 

(C)  m.  (L.  as);  i.  the  ancient  Roman 
coin.     2.   —  patrimoniale,  (leg.)  inherit- 
ance.    3.  —  ecclesiastico,   salary  paid 
by  the  State  to  a  priest. 

•Asseccare  (It.   secco) ;   i.    to  dry  up.     ii.   to 
exhaust. 

Assecch-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  secco) ;  to 
become  thin. 

Assecondare  ;  /<y*.  for  Secondare,  to  support. 

*  Assedere,  for  conjug.  v.  Sedere  (L.  assidere) ; 
!._  to   seat,   to   place,      ii.    to  be  seated   or  placed, 
iii.   to  besiege. 

Assedi-are  ind.  assedio  assedi  (bit. 
**sediare,  var.  of  L.  sedere,  with  prefix 
a-  =  L.  ad);  to  besiege.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Assedio   m. ;    i.    siege;    --  largo, 
blockade.     2.  fig.  importunity.     3.  fig. 
crowd,  or  crowd  of  things. 
*Asseggersi;  to  sit. 

Assegname'nto  m. ;  \.  v.  Assegnare. 
2.  annual,  or  other  allowance,  whether 
voluntary  or  secured.  3.  dependence ; 
Fare  — ,  to  rely. 

*  i.  =  Consegna  q.  v.   ii.  charge  upon  public  revenue 
to   meet   the   interest   of   an    Accatto,    forced   loan, 
iii.    expedient,  resource. 

Ajf.  Assegnamentuccio  dim.  spreg. 

Assegn-are  ind.  assdgno  (L.  as- 
signare);  i.  to  assign;  spese  -ate, 
charges  forward.  2.  to  prescribe,  de- 
termine. 3.  to  attribute.  *to  consign. 

Aff.  Assegn-eibile,  -atamente  thriftily, 
-atdzza  care,  economy,  -atino  (dim.  -ato), 
-ato  careful,  esp.  about  expense,  -at6re, 
-azione. 

Assign  o  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Assegnamento 
(2).  2.  (com.)  Contro  — ,  by  cash  on 
delivery. 

*  Asseguire  ;  etc.,  v.  Conseguire,  etc. 

t  Assemare  (It.  seme)  ;  to  scatter  seed.  . 

Assembl^a  f.  (Fr.  assetnbUe) ;  as- 
sembly of  deputies. 


ASSEMBRAMENTO— ASSOCIABILE 


Assembram^nto  m.  •  concourse  of 
people. 

Assembrare  ind.  asse'mbro  (A)  (Fr. 
assembler  <**assimulare <  L.  ad,  simul, 
together);  to  assemble.  *to  meet  in 
battle. 

*(B)  (It.  a,  sembrare) ;  i.  to  resemble,  ji.  to 
seem. 

*  Assemprare  ;  variant  of  Esemplare,  to  copy. 

Assenicarsi  ( Assinicarsi) ;  -  -  al 
lavoro,  to  work  oneself  to  death. 

*  Assennare  (It.  senno,  good  sense)  ;  to  teach. 
Assennato ;  sensible,  prudent. 

Ajft.  Assennat-amente,  -ezza,  -ino  dim.  vezz, 

Assenso  in. ;  assent. 

*Assent-are  (L.  assentari,  var.  of  assentiri< 
ad,  sentio) ;  to  flatter,  by  always  assenting  to  a 
man's  opinion,  -arsi :  i.  to  enlist,  ii.  to  sit  down. 

Assent-are  (It.  assente),  active 
mood  obsolete,  v.  infra ;  -arsi,  to  absent 
oneself.  *-are,  to  expel  (from  school). 

Assente  (L.  abscns,  from  ab  and 
sens,  the  obsolete  participle  of  esse); 
absent. 

Assent-ire  ind.  assento,  pres.  part. 
assenziente  (L.  assentire);  I.  to  assent. 
2.  (mar.)  of  a  mast,  to  give  way,  without 
breaking  entirely,  w.  Consentire.  Part. 
-ito:  3.  cautious,  wary;  Andare  — , 
of  a  train,  to  proceed  cautiously.  4.  pop. 
for  Massiccio,  big.  Ajf.  -imdnto. 

Assenza  / ;  absence. 
Assenziente;  part.  Assentire. 

Assenzio  m.  (Gr.  atyivBwv) ;  (bot.) 
wormwood,  Artemisia  absinthium. 

*  Assere  m.  (L.  asser,  a  beam) ;  a  sort  of  naval 
battering-ram. 

Asserella/  ;  dim.  Asse,  small  board, 
esp.  of  a  bedstead. 

Asser-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  asserii 
(L.  ad-serere;  serere  is  akin  to  Sanskr. 
root  si  to  bind,  cp.  Gr.  (ipa>)  ;  to  assert. 
Ajf.  -itdre. 

Asserpolarsi  ind.  m'  asserpolo  (L.  serpula); 
to  twist  up  like  a  serpent. 

Asserragliare ;  to  barricade. 

*  Asserrio  ;;/.  ;    that  kind  of  barking  in  a  dog 
which  accompanies  a  bite. 

Assertdrio;  (leg.)  Giuramento  — ,  confirmatory 
oath. 

Asserzi6neyj;  as  E. 
Assessorato  ;;/.;  assessorship. 

Assess6re  m.  (L. assessor);  assistant 
judge  or  other  officer,  esp.  one  of  those 
who,  with  the  Sindaco,  mayor,  con- 
stitute the  Giunta  municipale,  local 
authority. 

Assest-are  ind.  assesto  (It.  sesto); 
to  adjust,  set  in  order.  —  un  colpo,  to 
deliver  a  blow  where  it  was  aimed, 
-ato,  as  adj.,  well  arranged.  Persona 
-ata,  methodical  person,  accurate  worker. 
*-arsi,  to  agree. 

Ajf.  Assest-amento,  -atamente,  -atezza,  -atino 
ciiin.  vezz.  of  -ato. 

Assesto  m. ;  good  order. 

*Assetare  ind.  asse'to;  to  cause  thirst. 

Assetato  (A)  (It.  sete);  thirsty. 
(B)  (It.  seta) ;  of  the  silkworm,  when  it 
has  made  its  cocoon  and  begun  to  cover 
itself  with  silk. 

Assettamento  m.  \  i.  v.  Assettare. 


2.  (arch.)  settlement,  of  a  heavy  building, 
•assembly. 

Assett-are  ind.  assetto  (A)  (L.  ad- 
sectare) ;  to  caponize  (fowls).  (B)  (L.  ad, 
sedeo,  through  some  form  ** adseditare') ; 
i.  to  trim  (an  altar),  to  put  (a  house,  etc.) 
tidy ;  —  il  veggio,  to  fill  the  warming- 
pan.  As  refl.  -arsi :  2.  to  take  one's 
seat.  3.  to  make  oneself  tidy.  4.  -arsi 
il  capo,  to  do  one's  hair. 

*i.  to  set  (on  a  seat),  ii.  to  adjust  (a  difficulty). 
iii.  in  cooking,  to  season  properly,  iv.  to  correct 
(a  faulty  text),  v.  to  fortify,  vi.  Assettando  i 
vicari  per  le  terre  a  pacificare  i  discordant!,  dis- 
tributing his  vicars  amongst  the  villages  to  pacify 
disputes.  vii.  to  find  a  husband  for  a  girl, 
viil.  (mar.)  to  stow  (a  ship's  hold),  ix.  to  load 
(a  cannon),  x.  -arsi,  of  a  heavy  building,  or  of 
loose  ground,  to  settle. 

Ajf.  Assett-atura,  -atuzzo  dim.  spreg. 
smartly  dressed,  -fno  person  who  trims 
the  altars,  dresser. 

Assetto  m.;  i.  good  order.  2.  church 
decoration  for  a  festival.  3.  (mar.)  trim 
of  a  vessel. 

*l.  Amor...che  solo  in  gioia  ave  P  — ,  love  whose 
seat  is  only  where  there  is  joy.  ii.  Male  in  — 
controdi  noi,  badly  disposed  towards  us.  iii.  Mettere 
in  — ,  to  rebuild  (a  ruined  place),  iv.  Non  cavarsi 
di  bocca  1'  — ,  to  have  the  mouth  always  pursed  up 
to  look  pretty. 

•Assevare  (It.  sevo)  ;  i.  =  Rassegarsi,  of  melted 
fat,  to  solidify,  ii.  fig.  to  feel  greedy. 

Asseverare  iitd.  assevero(L.  stverus);  as  E. 
Aff.  Assever-anteme"nte,  -anza,  -ativo. 

A'ssia/;  (geogr.)  Hesse. 

*  Assiare  ;-=Sciare,  to  back  water. 

Assibilare ;  to  whisper  together. 

Assicella  f. ;  dim.  Asse,  little  board, 
lath. 

Assicina  / ;  dim.  Asse,  tiny  little 
board,  shingle. 

Assicur-are  ind.  assiciiro  ('It.  sicuro); 
i.  to  assure,  secure.  2.  to  insure,  take 
out  an  insurance.  3.  —  un  cavallo,  to 
cure  him  of  shying ;  -arsi,  to  feel  con- 
fidence. 

Ajft.  Assicur-abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  -ato>e, 
-atrice,  -azione. 

*  AssidenzayC;  =  Assistenza,  presence. 

Assider-arezW.assfdero(L..rz'<i<?ra77', 
to  look  at  stars) ;  to  benumb,  or  become 
numbed,  by  cold.  Ajf.  -amdnto,  -azione. 

Assid-ere  perf.  assisi  assiddsti,  part. 
assiso  (L.  assidere},  active  mood  ob- 
solete, v.  infra,  -ersi  (poet.),  to  take 
one's  seat. 

*i.  to  seat.  ii.  to  besiege,  iii.  to  sit  beside. 
As  refi.  -ersi :  iv.  to  be  situated,  v.  to  encamp, 
vi.  to  adopt  (a  name). 

Assidu-o  (L.);  as  E.  Con  vece  -a,  with  a  quick 
succession  of  changes.  A$.  -amente,  -ita. 

Assieme  (L.  ad,  simut) ;  i.q.  In- 
sieme,  together. 

Assiep-are  ind.  assiepo  (It.  siepe); 
to  hedge  round.  Ajf.  -ame'nto. 

*  Assile ;  =  Asse,  board. 
Assillabazi6ney:;  iteration  of  a  syllable,  e.g. 

Pietro  Paolo  pittor  pinse  pittura,  or  as  in  the  line 
from  Ennius  O  Tite  tvte  Tati  tibi  tanta  tyranne 
tvlisti. 

Assillare  (A);  =  Ascellare,  axillary. 

*(B):  i.  of  cattle,  to  run  about  in  torment  from 
the  flies,  ii.  tr.  to  torment. 

t  Assillito ;  i.  tormented  by  a  gadfly,  ii.  fig. 
angry. 

Assillo  m.  (L.  asilus);  gadfly. 


Assimilare  ind.  assimilo  (L.  assiinilare);  i.  to 
assimilate  (food),  convert  it  into  tissue.  2.  (gram.) 
to  change  the  first  of  two  consonants  into  the  other, 
eg.  change  enigma  into  enimma. 

Ajfr.  Assimil-abile,  -ativo,  -atore,  -azione. 

Assindeto;  v.  Asindeto. 

Assinicarsi  ;  =  Assenicarsi,  to  do  one's  utmost. 

Assinitey;  (Gr.  a£uo7,  axe);  (min.)  axinite,  a 
double  silicate  of  alumina,  lime  and  iron,  occurring 
in  sharp  crystals  somewhat  like  an  axe. 

Assi61o,  or  Assiuolo  m.  (dim.  of 
L.  asius,  probably  meaning  Asiatic); 
little  horned  owl,  Scops  Aldrovandi, 
also  termed  Alloccherello,  Chiu,  Chiuino, 
Civettino,  Usciolo. 

Assidm-a  m.  ;  (Gr.)  axiom.  Ajf.  -aticamente, 
-atico.  > 

Assidmetro  m. ;  (mar.)  tell-tale  shewing  to  the 
man  at  the  wheel  the  position  of  the  tiller. 

Assfsa/i  (Fr.  assise,  part,  of  asseoir, 

<  L.  adsidere  to  sit,  originally  the  sitting 
of  a  feudal  tribunal,  then  the  session  of 
an  assembly  of  lords  and  the  imposition 
thereby   of  a  tax,  and  also  the   dress 
worn  there);   I.  uniform  or  livery  of  any 
kind,    whether    civil,    military,    eccle- 
siastical or  domestic.   2.  \npl.,  (a)  courts 
of  assize,  (b)  (hist.)  assembly  of  feudal 
lords. 

*  Assiso;  i.  fart.  Assidere,  seated,  ii.  besieged, 
iii.  closely  fitting  (dress),  iv.  (revenue)  derived  from 
taxes. 

Assistente  m. ;  I.  assistant.  2.  per- 
son attending  but  not  taking  part  in 
any  function.  3.  overseer  of  workmen. 

4.  Medico   — ,   doctor  in  attendance. 

5.  in   a   hospital,   house  physician    or 
surgeon,  Fr.  Interne. 

Assist-e're  or  pop.  Assistire,  perf. 
assisted  or  pop.  assistetti,  part,  assistito 
(L.  assistere) ;  i.  to  assist.  2.  of  a 
doctor,  to  attend.  3.  —  a,  to  attend 
(a  lecture),  witness  (an  accident),  etc. 
Aff.  -enza. 

Assit-are  ind.  assi'to  (It.  sito,  bad 
smell) ;  i.  of  a  dog,  to  scent  (the  quarry). 

2.  fig.    to    be    well    acquainted   with. 

3.  to  infect  with  a  bad  smell.     As  refl. 
-arsi :    4.    to    become    accustomed    to 
a  place,  lit.  to  know  its  smells.     Part. 
-ato:  5.  scented,  esp.  by  the  passage  of 
a  hare,  fox,  etc.     6.  fig.  of  a  shop,  well 
known,   much   frequented.      *-arsi,    to 
settle  down. 

Assito  m.  (It.  asse);  flooring,  par- 
tition, hoarding. 

Assiublo  m.  ;  i.q.  Assiolo,  owl. 

Ass-0  in. ;  I .  ace.  2.  fig.  troublesome 
person  that  will  not  be  got  rid  of.  3.  £ 
1'  — ,  he  is  unique  ;  Questo  rosolio  £ 
1'  — ,  this  spiced  water  is  tip-top; 
Sarebbe  1'  — ,  it  would  be  the  very 
thing.  4.  Piii  tristo  de"  tre  -i,  worse 
than  the  three  aces,  referring  to  the 
lowest  throw  at  the  game  of  Zara,  q.v. 
5.  Lasciar  in  — ,  to  leave  in  the  lurch, 
cp.  Germ,  im  Stick  lassen. 

Ktytn.  Prob.  <  L.  as,  which  from  being  the 
word  for  the  unit  of  several  kinds  of  measure  came 
to  mean  the  single  spot  on  a  die  or  card  ;  as  may  be 

<  Doric  a!s=Gr.  els,   or  it  may  be  a  form  of  aes 
copper,  the  coin  as  having  originally  been  copper. 

Assocciare  ;  in  the  cattle-rearing  industry,  lo 
hire  out  on  certain  terms,  v.  Soccio. 

Associabil-e ;  suitable  to  be  associated  witli 
others.  *=Socievole,  sociable.  Ajfl.  -ita. 


ASSOCIARE— ASTIGIANO 


57 


Associ-are  ind,  associo  (L.);  i.  to 
associate  (a  person  or  thing)  with  others. 

2.  —  un  morto,  to  attend   a  funeral. 

3.  -arsi  a,  to  join,  subscribe  to  (a  cir- 
culating library,  newspaper,  etc.).   Part. 
-ato :  4.  subscriber.     5.  partner. 

*i.  =Assocciare,  q.v.     ii.  —  un  colpo,  to  strike  a 
blow. 

Associat6re  m. ;  canvasser,  tout. 

Associazidne  / ;  i.  as  E.  2.  v.  As- 
sociare  (2). 

Assod-are  ind.  assodo  (It.  sodo);  to 
consolidate.  -  1'  ova,  to  boil  eggs 
hard.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Assoggettare  ind.  assoggetto  (It. 
soggetto) ;  to  subdue. 

Aff.  Assoggett-abile,  -amento. 

Assolaiat-o  (It.  solo) ;  Campi  -i  d'  u- 
live,  fields  covered  with  fallen  olives. 
Castagne  -e,  chestnuts  fallen  in  such 
quantities  as  to  cover  the  ground. 
Aff.  -ura. 

Assol-are  (A)  ind.  assolo  (It.  s61o, 
su61o) ;  to  spread  out  in  layers. 

(B)  ind.  assolo  (It.  s61o);  usu.  as  refl. 
-arsi ;  at  cards,  to  leave  a  card  un- 
guarded. 

*  to  produce  only  one  son  in  each  generation. 
*(C)  (It.  sole)  ;  =  Soleggiare,  to  expose  to  the  sun. 

-arsi,  to  be  broad  daylight. 

Assolat-f  o ;  sunny.  *-o;  warmed 
by  the  sun. 

Assolcare  ind.  ass61co  (It.  solco); 
to  furrow. 

Assold-are  ind.  ass61do  (It.  soldo) ; 
to  take  into  one's  pay.  -arsi,  to  enlist. 
Aj}.  -ame'nto. 

Ass61o  m.  (It.  a,  solo) ;  (mus.)  solo, 
properly  instrumental  solo. 

Ass61to ;  part.  Assolvere. 

Assolut-o ;  as  E.  Ajfr.  -amente,  -ezza,  -ismo, 
•ista. 

A8SOlut6ri-0  (L.  absolutorius) ;  (leg.) 
Sentenza  -a,  verdict  of  not  guilty. 

AssoluzioneyC;  absolution. 

Assdlvere  perf.  assolvetti  assolvei  or  assblsi 
assolvesti  assolvette  assolve  or  ass61se  assolvemmo 
assolveste  assolvettero  assolverono  or  assolsero,  part. 
assoluto  or  assolto  (L.  aftsolvere)  \  to  absolve. 

*  Assomare  (It.  soma);  to  load. 

Assomigliare  (Assimigliare)  (L.  as- 
simulare) ;  to  compare,  liken. 

Ajfi.  AssomigH-amento,  -anza  resemblance. 

*  Assommare  (It.  somma);  i.  to  complete,   ii.  to 
bring  near  completion,    t  to  consolidate. 

Assonan-te ;  assonant,  viz.  when 
two  words  have  the  last  accented  vowel 
and  all  the  following  vowels  identical, 
e.g.  pldtano,  calamo;  Aprile,  dormire. 
This  sort  of  quasi-rhyme  is  chiefly  met 
with  in  Spanish.  AJf.  -za. 

*  Assonare  ;  i.  of  different  sounds,  to  be  of  the 
same  character,     ii.   v.  Assonante. 

Assdn-e  m.,  -&/.',  aug-m.  Asse,  board. 

Assonnacchiato ;  half  asleep. 

*  Asson nare  ;  i.  to  lull  to  sleep,    ii.  to  entrance, 
iii.   non  — ,  to  act  vigorously. 

Assonn-ato  or  -ito;  i.  sleepy. 
2.  fig.  sleepy-headed. 

Assop-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  sopire) ; 
i.  to  be  drowsy.  2.  lr.  =  Sopire,  to 
allay  (a  quarrel,  etc.).  AJf.  -ime'nto. 

H. 


Assorb-ire  ind.  -isco  or  -o,  ferf. 
assorbii  (the  jrd  person  may  be  met 
with  as  *assorse,  *assorbe  or  *assor- 
bette  formed  from  *assorbere),  part. 
assorbito  or  ass6rto  (L.  sorbere) ;  i.  to 
absorb.  2.  to  swallow  up. 

Assord-are  or  -ire  ind.  -o  or  -isco 
(It.  sordo) ;  tr.  or  intr. ;  to  deafen  or 
become  deaf.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ime'nto. 

Assdrgere  perf.  ass6rsi  -sorge'sti, 
part.  ass6rto  (L.  assurgere);  poet,  for 
Sorgere,  to  rise. 

Assprtime'nto  m. ;    \.   assortment. 

2.  sorting. 

Assort-ire  ind.  -isco  (A)  (It.  sorta); 

1.  to  sort.     2.   to  furnish  (a  shop),  fit  it 
out  (usu.  Fornire  or  Corredare). 

*(B)  (It.  sorte,  L.  sartirf);  i.  to  choose  by  lot. 
ii.  to  distribute. 

Assortito ;  lucky  (person). 

•Assortitore  m.\  i.  drawer  of  lots.  ii.  (fust.) 
an  official  in  the  republic  of  Lucca  who  drew  the 
lots  for  councillors. 

Assorto ;  i .  v.  Assorbire.  2.  v. 
Assorgere. 

Assottigli-are  (It.  sottile);  i.  to 
sharpen  (a  tool,  or  fig.  the  wits).  2.  to 
make  thin  in  various  senses,  as  in  E. 

3.  —  la  terra,  to  break  the  soil  up  fine. 

4.  to  diminish  in  power  or  in  quantity; 
—  1'  esercito,  to  reduce  the  strength  of 

the  army.  5.  -aria,  to  investigate  mi- 
nutely, to  subtilise.  Prov.  Chi  troppo 
s'  -a  si  scavezza,  he  who  goes  too  much 
into  detail  never  concludes  an  affair, 
v.  Scavezzare. 

*  i.  of  wine,  to  lighten  its  character,   ii.  to  weaken 
(the  eyes). 

AJf.  Assottigli-ata;  -ativo  (v.  supra  2,  in  the 
medical  sense  of  thinning  the  blood),  -atore,  -atura 
(sharpening,  etc.,  in  a  more  general  way  than  -nta, 
which  is  a  single  action). 

*  Assozzare  (It.    sozzo)  ;  —  Insozzare,   to   make 
dirty  or  disgusting. 

Assuefare  ind.  assuefo  -fai  -fa  -facci- 
amo-fate  -fanno,  perf.  assuefeci  -face'sti, 
fut.  assuefaro,  part,  assuefatto ;  to  ac- 
custom. Aff.  Assuefazione. 

Etym.  L.  assuefacere  <  ad,  sue(-tus),  facere 
where  suetus  is  part,  of  sufscere,  inchoative  of 
sutre,  to  accustom,  ///.  to  make  one's  own<fw«j. 

Assiimere  perf.  assunsi  -sumdsti, 
part,  assunto  (L.  assumere;  sumere  is  a 
contraction  of  su-imere  from  sub,  imere 
for  emere,  v.  Esempio);  i.  to  assume. 

2.  to  exalt ;    Come  puo   laggiue   Quel 
che  non  puote,  perche  il  ciel  1'  assuma, 
D.  Par.  21.  102,  how  can  (the  mind)  do 
on  earth  below  what  it  cannot  do  (even) 
by  reason  of  being  raised  to  heaven. 

*  i.   to  take  as  a  text  for  a  sermon,     ii.   to  sum  up 
(evidence),     iii.    to   take  (the  sacraments)  into  the 
mouth. 

Assunta  / ;  i.  the  Virgin  Mary. 
2.  festival  of  the  Assumption,  v.  As- 
sunzione.  3.  Titian's  picture  of  the 
Assumption. 

Assuntiv-o ;  i.  Giudizio  — ,  judg- 
ment resting  upon  extraneous  circum- 
stances. 2.  Armi  -e,  armorial  bearings 
granted  for  some  distinguished  action. 

Assunto  m. ;  i.  undertaking,  task. 
2.  statement  of  which  proof  is  under- 
taken. 3.  part,  of  Assumere. 


Assunzidne/. ;  i.  elevation  to  high 
rank.  2.  festival  of  the  Assumption, 
August  15. 

*  Assuolare  ;  =  Assolare,  to  spread  out  in  layers. 
Assurd-o  (L.  absurdus ;  where  surdus  seems 

to  mean  sounding,  sur  being  a  Sanskr.  root  for 
sound,  so  that  absurdus  signifies  incongruous  in 
sound  j  cp.  absonus  which  means  discordant ;  surdus, 
deaf,  is  a  different  word,  v.  infra  Sordo) ;  absurd. 
Ajf.  -amdnte,  -ita. 

Asta  f.  (L.  hasta);  i.  pole;  —  di 
bandiera, flagstaff.  2.  lance.  3.  auction; 
this  meaning  is  from  the  ancient  Roman 
practice  of  planting  a  spear  in  the 
ground  at  public  auctions.  4.  arm  of 
a  steel-yard.  5.  any  straight  handle  or 
shaft.  6.  stroke  above  or  below  the 
line  in  writing,  or  straight  stroke  made 
by  a  child  in  learning  to  write.  7.  Bel- 
1'  —  di  donna,  tall,  well-made  woman. 
8.  Coltello  in  — ,  knife  on  a  shaft,  not 
made  to  shut.  9.  —  del  tempo,  regu- 
lator of  a  watch.  10.  (mar.)  boom,  of 
any  sail,  e.g.  —  di  flocco,  jib-boom. 

A'staco  m.  (Gr.  aaraxos ) ;  crayfish. 

*  As  tallarsi ;  to  be  lodged. 

Astante ;  i.  Medico  — ,  doctor  on 
duty  (at  a  certain  time  and  place).  2.  in 
pi.,  bystanders. 

•Astare  (A)(L.  adstare);  to  persevere.    (B)(It. 
asta) ;  to  mount  (a  weapon)  on  a  snaft. 
AstaregiajC;  (bot.)v.  Asfodelo. 

Astato ;  i.  armed  with  a  lance. 
2.  (herald.)  having  a  spear.  3.  (bot.) 
the  innermost,  or  youngest,  stratum  in 
vegetable  cells. 

Asteggi-are  ind.  astdggio ;  to  write 
strokes,  v.  Asta  (5).  Aff.  -atura,  -o. 

Astemio  (L.,  <temetum, drink,  v.  Temulento); 
teetotaler. 

Asten-ersi  ind.  m'  astengo  t*  astieni  s'  astiene 
ci  asteniamo  vi  astenete  s1  astengono,  perf.  m'  astenni, 
fut.  m1  asterro,  fart,  astenuto  (L.  abstinere)\  to 
abstain.  Aff.  -sione. 

Astenla  f.  (Gr.  a<rd«V«to);  (rned)  asthenia, 
weakness. 

A'stere  m. ;  v.  Astero. 

Astdrgere/^astersi  -erge'sti,;ter/. 
asterso  (L.  abstergere;  tergere  may  be 
from  a  root  strig  or  trig,  to  rub;  cp. 
O.H.G.  trukanjan,  Germ,  trocknen,  to 
dry,  Gr.  rpvytiv);  I.  to  rub  dry. 
2.  (med.)  to  clean  (a  festering  surface). 

Asteria  f.  (Gr.  aanjp);  i.  star-fish,  Asten'as. 
2.  (min.)  a  class  of  geometrically  marked  stones 
including  madrepores.  3.  star-stone,  a  variety  of 
sapphire  shewing  a  six  or  eight-rayed  star,  when 
held  up  to  the  light. 

Asteriggio  m. ;  (war.)  skylight. 

Asterisco  in.  (dim.  of  Gr.  aonjp) ;  as  E. 
•little  star. 

*  Asterismo  m. ;  star-cluster. 

A'ster-o  or  -e  m.  (Gr.) ;  (bot.)  China  aster, 
Callistephvs  sinensis,  also  termed  Regina  Mar- 
gherita. 

Aster6ide  m.  (Gr.) ;  i.  as  E.    2.  shooting  star. 

Asters-i6ne,  -ivo ;  v.  Astergere. 

Astiare  (It.  astio) ;  to  envy. 

Asticcibla  /  (dim.  Asta) ;  i .  short 
spear.  2.  pen  or  brush-holder.  3. 
(arch.)  tie-beam. 

*i.  arrow,     ii.  rib  of  a  parasol,    iii.  billiard  cue. 

Astice  m.  (var.  of  Astaco) ;  lobster, 
Cancer  gammarus. 

fAsticellay?;  =  Arcolaio  maneggevole. 

*  Asticello  m.;  dim.  Asta,  shaft. 

*  Astiera  f. ;  sheath  for  spears. 

*  Astierc  tn. ;  spearman. 

Astigiano;  of  Asti.  II  tragico  — ,  Alfieri 
(rf.  .803). 

8 


ASTILE— ATTAPINARSI 


*Astile  m.  (L.  kastilt)\  i.   lance,    ii.   straight 
branch. 

Astin-ente,  -enza;  v.  Astenersi. 

A'stio,  or  pop,  Aschio,  m. ;  envy, 
spite.  Non  aver  — ,  to  equal;  Questa 
casa  non  ha  —  alia  vostra,  this  house 
is  as  big  as  yours. 

Etym.  (tub.  Either  akin  to  O.H.G.  knsti,  violent, 
71.  Skeat,  sub  Haste,  or  <  a  Gr.  form  **altr\iov  based 
upon  Gr.  atoxos,  shame. 

Asti6s-o ;  envious,  spiteful. 

Aff.  -vc&Qpegf.,  -amente,  -ino  dim.vtn. 

*  Astipolare  ;  to  be  of  the  same  opinion. 
•Astivamente  (cogn.  Fr.  kAtif,  v.   Skeat,  J«* 

Haste);  hastily. 

*  Astizzare  (It.  stizzo)  ;  to  stir  up. 
*Asto/«.;  i.  Ad — ,deceitfully.     ii.  =  Astio. 
*Astola/;  =  Stola. 

Ast6ne  m.  ;  (bet.)  corn  thistle,  v,  Scardic- 
cione  (4). 

*i.  =  Guarnizione  della  corazza.     it.   aupnt.  Asia. 

Astore  m.  (L.   astttr,  prob.   formed  after  Gr. 

a<rrepi'as,  bittern,  lit.  starry  bird) ;  i.  goshawk,  Astur 

palnmbarius,   also   termed    Girifalco,    Sparviere  da 

colombi  or  terzuolo,  Terzolo.     2.  —  Poiana,  buzzard. 

tA'straco  »t. ;  =  Lastrico,  pavement. 

Astragalina  /  ;  (bot.)  —  villosa,  yellowish 
mountain  oxytropis,  Oxytropis  cain/>tstris. 

Astrd-galO  m.  (L.  -CGr.  dcrrpdyaXos ) ; 
i.  ankle-bone.  2.  (arch.)  astragal,  ring 
round  a  column  of  the  Ionic  order  near 
the  capital  or  near  the  base.  3.  ring 
round  a  cannon  near  the  mouth.  4.  (hot.) 
a  genus  of  Legiiminosae,  one  species  of 
which  produces  the  gum  tragacanth. 
5.  knuckle-bone,  v.  Aliosso. 

Astragaldte  m, ;  a  kind  of  alum. 

Astrale;  as  E. 

Astranzia  /.;  (&>/.)  —  maggiore,  black  master- 
wort,  Astrantia  major* 

Astrapea  /;  (bot.*)  a  genus  of  plants  of  the 
mallow  family,  Astrapaea. 

Astrarre  (Astraere,  Astraggere) 
ind,  astraggo  -trai  -trae  -traiamo  or 
-tragghiamo  -tradte  -traggono,  per/. 
astrassi  -trae*sti,  part,  astratto  (L.  abs- 
trahere^  v.  Trarre);  to  abstract. 

Aff.  Astratt-amente,  -6zza,  Astrazione. 

Astrea  f. ;  (mytk.)  Astraca,  the  daughter  of 
Jupiter  and  Themis,  symbol  of  law  and  justice. 

Astrfngere  fierf.  astrin-si  -g6sti,  fart,  astretto 
(L.  adstringere)  ;  (wed,)  to  astringe.  bind. 

Astro  w.(L.  astrum);  i.  =  Stella,  star.  a.  (bot.) 
—  de1  fossi,  (rt)  rag-wort,  v.  Erba  (125);  (b)  Italian 
star-wort,  v.  Amello. 

Astrolabio  m.  (Gr.  <  ourrpor,  Aa/ijSarw,  to 
take) ;  astrolabe,  an  instrument  formerly  used  for 
observing  the  positions  of  the  stars. 

Astrolog-o  m.  (Gr.);  astrologer.  Aff,  -are,  -a, 
•fa,  -icamente,  -ico. 

Astronom-o  tn.  (Gr.);  astronomer.  Aff,  -fa, 
-ico. 

Astrus-o  (L.  abstrustts<abstrudere,  to  thrust 
away,  root  trud,  to  shove,  v,  Skeat,  sub  Intrude, 
Threat);  abstruse.  Aff.  -aggine,  •ame'nte,  -eria. 

Astucc-iaio  m. ;  seller  of -i. 

Astncc-iow. ;  i.  pocket-case.    2.  - 
di  premibaderna,  box,  v.  Premibaderna. 
3.  (mar.)  in  //.,  -i  per  tende,  vele,  ecc., 
covers  for  awnings,  sails,  etc. 

Etytn, ;  Cegn.  Proven5-  estius,  tstugt  old  Fr. 
estni(>  Fr.  (tut),  Span,  estucke^  <  M.H.G.  stucckf, 
bark,  shell,  with  meaningless  prefix. 

Astula  /!;  (bot.)  a  name  for  two  varieties  of 
asphodel,  Aspkodelus  luteus  and  rattwsus. 

AsturayC;  ham-shell,  v.  Pinna  (3). 

Astut-o  (L.  astutnst  <astus,  craft);  crafty. 
Aff.  •ame'nte,  -ezza. 

Astuzi-a_/I;  astuteness.     Aff.  -6tta  dim. 

Astuzie  f.  pi. ;  (bot.)  nasturtium,  v.  Fiore 
(16,  vi.). 

*Asuliere  w.;=UsoHere,  ribbon. 

A'suro  m.\  a  grub  which  infests  vines. 

Atalanta_X;  a  species  of  butterfly. 

Atanasia  f.  ;  i.  (bot.)  tansy,  Tanacttwn 
vulgare.  2.  (nted.)  an  old  electuary.  3.  cotton- 
weed,  Diotis  maritima. 

Etym.  Gr.  aBavcuria,  immortality,  probably  from 
its  supposed  virtue  and  actual  use  in  medicine,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tansy. 


•Atarassia/:  (Gr.  irapofin);  calmness. 
•Atare  ;  =  Aiutare,  to  aid. 
Atassia/  (Gr.  irofia);   (med.)  ataxy,  a  form 

•Atauto  m.  (Span,  a  taud<  Arabic  al-tatAt); 
bier,  or  coffin. 

AtaviSmo  m. ;  resemblance  to  an 
ancestor. 

•Atav-o  »/.,  -a  f.  (L.  atfivus,  where  at-  is  a 
particle  meaning  beyond,  as  in  Gr.  Irt,  Sanskr.  ati, 
L.  et-iam) ;  great-great-grandfather,  -mother. 

Ate-ismo  >«.  (Gr.)  ;  atheism.    Aff.  -ista,  -istico. 

Atellan-o ;  of  Atella,  in  Campania.  Farse  -e, 
the  popular  farces  which  the  Romans  adopted  from 
the  Oscans  of  Atella. 

Atene/;  (geogr.)  Athens.  Cose  da  stancar  — , 
thingssuch  as  would  exhaust  the  eloquence  of  Athens. 

Ateneo  m.  (Gr.  'Afyvaiov) ;  learned 
society,  or,  in  some  places,  university. 
A'teo  m.  (Gr.  adios) ;  atheist. 

Aterinay:  (Gr.  i»ifo,  spine);  a  genus  of  fishes, 
Alherina;  they  abound  in  the  Mediterranean  and 
are  salted  and  sold  as  sardines. 

Aterdma  tn.  (Gr.  afhjpio/ia);  sebaceous  tumour. 
•Atezza  f.  (It.  atare);  vigour. 
•Atimo  (Gr.  OTI/XOS);  without  function,  without 
honour. 

Atlante  m.  (Gr.  ar\as,  root  tla,  to 
lift);  i.  atlas.  2.  (geogr.}  Mt.  Atlas. 
3.  the  Atlas  moth.  4.  (anat.)  the  first 
cervical  vertebra,  the  atlas.  5.  (arch.') 
column  sculptured  into  a  colossal  figure. 
6.  Le  figliuole  d'  — ,  the  Pleiades. 

Atlantico;  i.  Atlantic.    2.  huge. 

Atlet-a  m.  (Gr.  iSAirnjt  <  Z6\or,  contr.  of 
aiB^ov,  contest  for  a  prize, <aFte\on,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
tucdja.  to  compete,  A.S.  wtdd,  a  pledge,  ?'.  Skeat, 
sul-  Athlete,  Wed);  as  E.  Aff.  .icamente,  -ico. 

Atmid6metro  or  Atmometro  m.  (Gr.  OTJII'S 
or  OTJIOS,  steam,  ^eVpoi');  apparatus  for  measuring 
evaporation. 

Atmosfer-a  /.  (Gr.  arjios,  steam,  oxfxupa, 
sphere);  atmosphere.  Aff.  -ico. 

Ato ;  (geogr.)  Athos. 

•  Atociay:  (Gr.  iroKi'a);  childlessness. 
t  Atoiare  ;  to  exert  oneself. 

Atollo  m.  (Malay  word);  atoll,  ring-shaped 
coral  inland. 

Atomicita  /.;  (ckem.)  relation  between  the 
atomic  weight  and  the  chemical  equivalent  of  a  body. 

Atomismo  tit. :  theory  that  the  world  is  com- 
posed of  atoms. 

Aff.  Atomista,  believer  in  the  theory. 

Atomisticayt;  science  of  atoms. 

A'tomo  m.  (Gr.  <i  >rrt/.  +  stem  of  n>vu,  to 
cut);  atom. 

Atonia  f. ;  (rned.)  want  of  tone. 

•  Atorio  tit. ;  aid. 

Atrabil-e  f.  (a  translation  of  ^«AayjfoAi'a) ; 
i.  (wed.)  alteration  in  the  bile.  2.  fig.  gloominess. 
Aff.  -iare  adj. 

•  Atramento  m.;  black  colour. 
•Atrebice  or  •  Atreplice;  v.  Atriplice. 

A'trio  tn.  (L.  atrium,  originally  the  chief  room 
in  a  Roman  house,  therefore  blackened  by  smoke, 
whence  the  name);  hall. 

Atriplice  (Atrebice,  Atreplice)/  (L.  atripltx); 
(hot.)  orache,  a  genus  of  A maranthaceae ;  some  of 
the  species  are  edible. 

Atro  (L.  ater,  root  perhaps  aidk,  to  burn); 
black. 

Atroc-e  (L.  atrox);  atrocious.  Aff.  -emente, 
-ita. 

Atrof-tay:  (Gr.);  atrophy.     Aff.  -ico,  -lizare. 

A'tropa  / ;  (tot.)  a  genus  of  Solanacetu. 

Aff.  Atrop-ma,  -ismo  belladonna  poisoning. 

Attaccabile ;  v.  Attaccare. 

Attaccabrfghe  m.  indecl.;  quarrel- 
some fellow. 

Attaccagnolo  m. ;  i.  peg.  2.  fig. 
pretext. 

Attaccalite  m.  indecl.;  litigious 
fellow. 

Attacca-mano  or  -mani  m.  ;=Ap- 
piccamani,  goose-grass. 

Attaccame'nto  m. ;  attachment,  love, 
•fastening. 

Attaccapanni  m. ;  clothes-stand,  or 
rack. 


Attacc-are  (from  a  northern  word 
tac,  cp.  Span,  atacar,  Fr.  attacker,  Gaelic 
lac,  a  hook,  E.  tack,  v.  Tacco);  i.  to 
hang  up,  fasten,  paste  up,  attach.  2.  to 
attack.  3.  —  battaglia,  to  join  battle ; 
—  una  lite,  to  commence  an  action  at 
law  ;  —  discorso,  to  begin  a  conversa- 
tion ;  -arci  il  dente,  to  fasten  one's  teeth 
into  it,  implying  that  there  is  something 
substantial  to  eat ;  —  un  morso,  to  bite; 
—  un  urlo,  to  cry  out ;  —  il  sonno,  to 
go  to  sleep ;  —  un  moccolo,  to  swear, 
curse;  —  di  grosso,  to  use  strong 
language.  4.  intr.  of  gum,  to  hold, 
stick  fast ;  of  a  phrase,  to  come  in  well 
with  the  context ;  of  a  theory,  to  meet 
with  general  acceptance;  in  speaking, 
to  stumble;  of  the  rope  of  a  well,  to 
stick.  As  refi.  -arsi :  5.  of  a  disease,  to 
be  communicated;  of  plants,  to  strike 
root ;  of  a  graft,  to  take;  in  cooking,  to 
stick  to  the  side  or  bottom  of  the  vessel. 
Part,  -ato:  6.  affectionate  or  grateful. 
7.  stingy. 

*i.  to  communicate  (a  bad  habit),  ii.  —  ferro 
addosso  ad  uno,  to  find  some  means  of  inculpating 
him.  iii.  of  a  country,  to  border  on.  iv.  -aria  a  uno, 
to  play  him  some  unkind  trick,  v.  —  a  caldo,  to 
solder,  vi.  -arsi  alle  funi  del  cielo,  to  hope  when  it 
is  hopeless. 

Attaccatfccio ;  i.  sticky.  2.  infec- 
tious. As  sb.:  3.  a  preparation  of  food 
which  has  adhered  to  the  dish.  4.  in 
writing,  several  words  running  together. 

Attaccatura/  ;  i.  place  of  junction. 
2.  kissing-crust  between  loaves  that 
have  been  touching  in  the  oven.  3.  farm 
work  done  with  the  team.  4.  in  writing, 
the  lines  which  join  letter  to  letter. 

Attaccavesti  m. ;  (tot.)  goose-grass,  v.  Ap- 
piccamani. 

Attacchino  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Attaccalite. 
2.  bill-poster. 

Attacco  ;/v. ;  i.  attack.  2.  turn-out, 
carriage  and  horses  as  a  whole.  3.  ac- 
cessories, as  a  whole.  4.  attack  of 
illness. 

*i.  attachment,     ii.  Dare —,  to  furnish  occasion. 

*  Attacconare;   i,=Tacconare,  to  put  the  heel 
on  a  shoe.     ii.   to  attack  rudely. 

*  Attaco  m.  (Gr.  aTTaKOs) ;    a  kind  of  locust,  a 
word  used   by  the   Septuagint   in    Lev.  xi.  21,  and 
Italianised  from  the  Vulgate. 

*Attagliare;  i.  =  Tagliare,  to  cut.  ii.  =  Venire 
a  taglio,  to  be  opportune. 

Attagli-arsi  (It.  taglio);  i.  to  be 
suitable,  convenient  2.  to  adapt  one- 
self. 

•-are;  i.  to  cut,  adapt,  ii.  to  please,  satisfy, 
iii.  to  determine,  to  cut  short  the  difficulties. 
iv.  -arsi ;  to  combine,  form  a  league. 

Attagliolare  ind.  attagliolo ;  to  cut 
up  small. 

*  Attalentare  (It.  talento) ;  to  please. 
*Attamo  i«.;  =  Attimo,  instant. 

Attanagliare  ind.  attandglio  (It. 
tanaglia);  i.  to  torture  with  red-hot 
pincers.  2.  to  seize  with  pincers,  or 
quasi  fig.  to  grasp  firmly  with  the  hands. 

*  Attanto  ;  in  the  mean  time. 

Attapin-arsi  ind.  m'  attapino  (v. 
infra,  Tapino);  i.  to  exert  oneself. 
2.  to  lament.  3.  to  live  in  lonely  misery. 
AJf.  -ame'nto. 


ATTAPPARE— ATTO 


59 


*  Attappare  (It.  tappo):  to  cork  up. 

*  At  taran  t  at  o ;  bitten  by  a  tarantula  spider. 

*  Attarparsi ;  to  lose  heart. 

*  Attassare  ;  to  tease. 

Attastare  ;  =  Tastare,  to  feel. 

•Attatto  in.  (L.  attactus);  touch. 

t  Attavolettare;  to  stretch  Hneii  by  wrapping  it 
round  a  Tavoletta,  little  board. 

A  ttea  /.  (Gr.  OXTC'O,  elder-tree);  (fat.)  bane- 
berry,  Actaea  spUtita. 

Attecch-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  tecchire, 
q.v.);  i.  to  flourish.  2.  tr.  Non  at- 
tecchisce  due  parole,  he  never  puts  two 
words  together  properly.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*Attediare;  =  Tediare,  to  weary. 

Atteggi-are  ind.  attdggio  (connected 
with  L.  actiiius,  cp.  Attuare  and  At- 
tuire);  to  pose.  Atteggia  il  viso  a 
maraviglia,  he  has  an  extraordinary 
command  of  facial  expression.  S'  at- 
teggia  a  martire,  he  is  posing  as  a 
martyr.  *to  act  in  dumb  show.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

*  Atteggi-atore  m.\  i.  v.  -are.     ii.  gymnast. 

•Attegnenza /;  i.  relationship,  ii.  self-com- 
mand. 

•Attel-are  (It.  tela,  lit.  therefore  to  spread  out 
cioth);  i.  to  place  in  battle  array,  ii.  generally,  to 
place  ready,  iii.  -arsi,  to  take  one's  place. 

Attempato  (It.  tempo);  somewhat 
advanced  in  years. 

Aff.  Attempat-ello,  -etto,  -otto,  -uccio  dims. 

Attemper-are  ind.  attempero ;  to 
mitigate,  temper.  Medicamento  -ante, 
cooling  medicine. 

Attend-arsi  (It.  tenda);  to  camp. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Att6ndere/<?r/:  attdsi  -ende"sti,/rtrA 
att^so;  i.  to  pay  attention  to.  2.  to 
wait  for,  to  expect. 

Attendibile ;  worthy  of  attention. 

Attenenza  /.;  i.  appurtenance. 
2.  relationship. 

Atten-e're  ind.  attengo  -tieni  -tiene 
-teni.lmo  -tene'te  -tengono,  per/,  at- 
tdnni  -tene"sti,  fut.  atterro,  part,  at- 
tenuto  (L.  attinere);  i.  to  appertain. 
2.  to  be  related  by  kinship.  As  refl. 
-ersi :  3.  to  hold  on  tight.  4.  to  be  an 
adherent  (of  some  party),  to  prefer, 
e.g.  a  certain  wine.  5.  to  keep  near 
(to  some  landmark  in  the  course  of  a 
journey). 

*  i.   to  keep  (a  promise),     ii.  to  obtain  (payment). 
As  refl.  -ersi :  iii.  to  maintain  one's  position,    iv.  to 
stop,  stand  still,     v.  to  abstain. 

Attent-are  ind.  attento  ;  to  attempt 
an  outrage,  -arsi,  to  venture.  *to  en- 
deavour. 

Attentato  m. ;  i.  crime.  2.  dis- 
graceful act  of  any  kind. 

Attentatdrio  ;  criminal,  unlawful. 

Att6nt-o ;     i.     in    close    attention. 

2.  diligent.     3.    in  //.  -i,  Attention ! 

•  As  it. :  i.  purpose,     ii.  expectation,  something 
hoped  for. 

Aff.  Attent-ame'nte,  -ino  attentive  (child). 

Attenu-are  ind.  attenuo  (L.) ;  i.  to 
belittle  (a  man's  worth),  to  minimise 
(the  difficulty  of  a  job).  2.  to  extenuate ; 
Le  -anti,  extenuating  circumstances. 

3.  (med.)  to  render  the  bodily  secretions, 
etc.  more  fluid.    *to  thin.    Aff.  -azi6ne. 


Atteniibn-e/;  attention.     Aff.  -cella  dim. 
•Attepidire  ind.  -isco  (It.  tepido);  to  cool. 

Atterello  m. ;  dim.  Atto;  i.  nice 
action.  2.  short  act  in  a  play. 

Attergare  ind.  attergo  (It.  tergo); 
i.  to  endorse  (an  answer,  upon  the 
back  of  a  paper).  2.  to  turn  one's  back 
to. 

Att^rige    m.   (Gr.   a  pri-v.,    nre'pu^, 
wing) ;  the  wingless  class  of  birds. 
Atterr-are  ind.  atterro  (It.  terra); 

1.  to  throw  down.     2.  fig.  to  humble. 
*i.    to   run   aground,      ii.    to   silt    up. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Atterr-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  ad,  terrere) ; 
to  terrify. 

•Atterz-are  (It.  terzo);  Eran  -ate  le  ore,  four 
hours  out  of  the  twelve  were  gone. 

Attesa  f. ;  expectation. 
Atte'so ;  part.  Attendere. 

Attest-are  ind.  attesto  (A)  (L.  attes- 
tari<testis,  witness);  to  attest. 

(B)  (It.  testa);  i.  to  join  end  to  end. 

2.  to  bring  to  a  common  front ;  e.g.  in 
building  a  wall  with  irregular  stones; 

-  le  pietre,  to  chisel  the  ends  of  the 
stones  which  make  the  face  of  the  wall, 
so  as  to  give  it  a  uniform  surface;  Due 
quadri  a  olio  che  si  possono  —  insieme 
e  rappresentano  la  veduta  di  Livorno, 
two  oil  paintings  which  on  being  joined 
together  at  their  edges  make  the  view 
of  Leghorn.  Similarly  (mil.)  to  bring 
two  divisions  of  a  force  into  a  common 
front.  3.  to  make  a  thing  terminate  in 
some  other;  Bisogna  —  nel  borro  tutte 
le  fosse  dei  campi,  all  the  field  ditches 
must  be  led  into  the  water-course;  La 
strada  che  gli  £  dalla  destra  mena  ai 
Duomo;  quell'  altra  che  con  essa  s'  -a 
6  una  via  che  mena  alle  mura,  the  street 
on  the  right  leads  to  the  Cathedral ;  the 
other  one  which  leads  into  it  is  a  way 
to  the  city  walls.  *-arsi,  to  fight. 

Attestato  m. ;  i.  certificate.  2.  evi- 
dence, token. 

Attest-atura  f. ;   junction,  v.  -are 

(B)  i. 

Attestazidne  /. ;  attestation. 

Atticciat-o  (O.H.G.  thik,  cp.  Germ. 
dick,  E.  thick) ;  stout,  strong.  Aff.  -ello, 
-6tto  dims. 

A'ttico  ;  Attic.  As  sb.,  parapet  wall 
concealing  the  roof,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Attic. 

Aff.  Attic-ismo  graceful  writing,  -ista,  -izzare. 

Attiepid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  tiepido); 
to  cool. 

•Attignere;  v.  Attingere. 
Attigu-o  (L.  attiguus);  adjacent.     Aff.  -ita. 

Attillarsi ;  to  dress  with  an  ex- 
aggerated neatness.  -  un  vestito,  to 
put  a  dress  on  with  preciseness. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provens,  atilhar,  old  Fr.  atillier, 
Span,  atildar,  of  unknown  origin;  the  Italian  form 
may  be  borrowed  from  the  Provencal. 

Aff.  Attil-atamente,  -atezza,  -atfno  (dim.  of  -ato), 
-atura. 

A'ttimo  ( Attamo)  m.  (corr.  of  Atomo) ; 
instant.. 

Attininte ;  appertaining. 


Attin6nza_/ ;  i.  relation.  2.  in/>/., 
appurtenances  or  fig.  friendships. 

Attlng-ere  perf.  attinsi  -tinge"sti, 
part,  attinto  (L.,  <  ad,  tangere,  to  touch, 
or  by  extension,  to  take);  i.  to  draw 
up  (water)  in  a  bucket,  to  draw  (wine) 
out  of  a  cask-  2.  to  obtain  (information). 
3.  -ersi,  of  a  horse,  to  strike  its  feet 
together  in  trotting. 

*i.  to  reach,  ii.  to  appertain,  iii.  of  the  wind, 
to  bring  (rain),  iv.  to  consume. 

Attingi-tore  m.,  -trice/;  drawer  of 
water. 

Attiniay!  (Gr.  dxris,  sunbeam);  sea 
anemone,  Actinia. 

Attinto  m.,  or  Attintura/.;  bruise, 
v.  Attingersi. 

*  Attiraglio  m. ;  all  the  accessories  of  artillery. 

Attirare  (It.  tirare);  to  attract. 

Attitarc  (L.  iKtitare,  freq.  of  ago)-.  (Iff.)  to 
proceed  with.  *of  a  speaker,  to  use  action. 

Attitudine  (L.  aptitudd);  i.  apti- 
tude. 2.  attitude. 

Attivo  (L.  activus) ;  active.  As  sb., 
assets. 

Aff.  Attiv-amente,  -are  to  put  into  action,  -ita. 

Attizz-are  (It.  tizzo,  brand);  i.  to 
stir  (a  fire),  put  the  logs  together.  2.  fig. 
to  stir  men's  passions.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Attizz-atbio  m. ;  I.  poker,  v. -are  (i). 
2.  bed  of  a  furnace. 

Attizz-atdre  m.,  -atrice/ ;  i .  v.  -are. 
2.  in  glass  works,  teaser,  workman  who 
arranges  the  glass  vessels  in  the  an- 
nealing arch. 

Attizzlno  m. ;  v.  Attizzare  (2). 

Att-o  m.  (A)  (L.  actus);  i.  act, 
action ;  Far  1'  —  di  contrizione,  to  make 
one's  peace  with  heaven,  a  familiar  way 
of  expressing  imminent  danger;  A  pas- 
sar  di  notte  in  quel  luogo  c'  e  da  far  1' 

—  di  contrizione,  if  the  night  is  to  be 
passed  in  that  place  we  had  better  make 
our  peace  with  heaven  first.  2.  function, 
exercise  of  official  duties.  3.  pose, 
appearance;  La  figura  e  rappresentata 
in  —  di  gladiatore,  the  figure  is  arranged 
to  represent  a  gladiator.  4.  gesture  in 
speaking,  action  of  a  horse,  etc.  5.  sign; 
Mi  fece  —  col  capo  che  andassi  da  lui, 
he  made  a  sign  to  me  with  his  head 
that  I  was  to  go  up  to  him.  6.  in  — 
pratico,  practically.  7.  Mettere  in  — , 
to  give  effect  to;  Dare  1'  —  a,  to  set 
going.  8.  Nell'  —  che,  at  the  moment 
when;  Nell'  —  or  Sull'  — ,  instantly. 
9.  Per  —  di  stima,  in  token  of  my 
esteem.  10.  act  of  a  play. 

(B)  (L.  actum);  i.  protocol,  docu- 
mentary evidence ;  Mettere  in  -i,  to 
present  a  document,  to  include  it  a- 
mongst  the  papers  of  a  legal  case; 

-  costitutivo  (com.),  memorandum  of 
association.  2.  —  d'  accusa,  the  written 
accusation  read  by  the  public  prosecutor 
at  the  beginning  of  a  trial.  3.  con- 
tract. 4.  in  //.,  memoirs ;  Gli  -i  de 
martiri,  the  Acts  of  the  martyrs. 
(0)  as  adj.  (L.  aptus) ;  apt. 

* —  nato,  perfectly  adapted. 

8—2 


6o 


ATTOFIZZOLARE— AUGUROSO 


tAttofizzolare;  =  Sgualcire,     to     crumple,    cp. 
Tofizzolo. 

Attonare  (Attuonare)  ind.  attono 
(It.  tono) ;  to  invigorate,  give  tone  to. 
Attbnito  (L.);  astonished. 

*  Attopinarsi  (It.  topo);  to  hide  like  a  rat. 

Attorare  ind.  attoro  (It.  toro);  to 
put  to  the  bull. 

Attbrcere  ind.  attorco,  perf.  attorsi 
-torce'sti,  part,  attbrto  (Attorciare),  (It. 
torcere) ;  to  twist  up. 

Attorcigliare ;  i.q.  Attortigliare. 

Att6r-e  m.  (L.  actor);  I.  actor. 
2.  (leg.)  plaintiff.  *  agent.  Aff.  -ello 
dim.  spreg.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.  pegg. 

Attorniare  ind.  att6rnio;  to  sur- 
round. 

Att6rno;  about,  round.  Levarsi 
d'  — ,  to  get  rid  of.  Darsi  — ,  short  for 
Darsi  le  mani  — ,  to  use  every  possible 
means.  Mandare  — ,  to  give  out  (some 
pretence,  as  true).  Stare  —  a,  to  be 
engaged  upon. 

Attorrare  ind.  att6rro  (It.  torre) ; 
to  store  (timber)  in  the  shape  of  a  tower. 

*  Attorsare  ;  =  Attorcere,  to  twist. 

Attortigli-are    or    Attorcigli-are 

(L.  tortilis) ;  to  twist  round  and  round, 
-arsi,  to  get  into  a  tangle. 

Attbrto ;  part.  Attorcere. 

Attoscanare ;  to  bring  into  Tuscan 
form  or  usage. 

Attosc-are;  to  poison.  Puzzo  che 
-a,  poisonous  stink. 

*Attoso;  ungraceful,  awkward. 

Attossic-are  ind.  attbssico  (It. 
tossico) ;  to  poison.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Attrabaccare  (It.  trabacca,  tent);  to  encamp. 
Attraccarsi ;  (mar.)  to  haul  alongside. 

tAttracco  m. ;  Dare  1'  — ,  to  board  an  enemy's 
ship. 

Attraente ;  v.  Attrarre. 

tAttraggell-ire  (cogn.  Fr.  tressaillir<\J.  trans- 
satire) ',  to  amaze,  -irsi,  to  faint. 

*  Att raimento  tn. ;  i.  attraction,    ii.  contraction. 
*Attrainato(Fr.  train!);  dragged  along. 

*  Attramandare  ;  to  throw  down  headlong. 
*Attrapp-are;    i.    to  seize,     ii.  fig.   to  steal. 

iii.    -arsi  =  Rattrapparsi,  to  be  crippled. 

*  Attrapperiay^;  palsy. 

Attrapp-ire  ind.  -isco;  of  the 
nerves,  to  wither,  v.  Rattrappire. 

Attrarre  (Attraere,  Attraggere, 
Attraire)  ind.  attraggo  attrai  attrae 
attragghiamo  attrae'te  attraggono,  perf. 
attrassi  -trae'sti,  fut.  attrarrb,  parts. 
attr-aente  -aendo  -atto  (L.  attrahere) ; 
to  attract. 

*  i.    to  drag  up.     ii.  to  obtain,     iii.  (med.)  to  ab- 
sorb,     iv.    to  draw  air  (into  the   lungs),     v.    intr. 
Uccelli  che   attraggon  all'  ellera,  birds  which   like 
to  be  in  ivy. 

•Attrattevole  (L.  altrectare,  to  touch);  soft, 
yielding. 

t  Attrattire  ;  —  Attrappire,  to  wither. 

Attrattiv-a/ ;  attractiveness.  Aff. 
-o  adj. 

Attratto;  i.  v.  Attrarre.  2.  con- 
tracted by  gout,  etc. 

Attravers-are  (It.  traverse);  i.  to 
cross.  2.  to  put  a  barricade  across  (a 


road),  usu.  fig.  as  in  E.,  to  traverse  (a 
design).  3.  (mar.)  —  1'  ancora,  to  stow 
the  anchor,  i.e.  to  raise  the  flukes  after 
it  has  been  hoisted,  so  that  the  shaft  is 
nearly  horizontal.  As  refl.  -arsi :  4.  to 
oppose.  5.  (mar.)  to  be  broadside  on. 
Aff.  -at6re. 

Attra  verso;  i.  across;  of  food, 
stuck  in  the  throat,  or  of  drink,  gone 
the  wrong  way.  2.  fig.  badly ;  Le  cose 
mi  vanno  — ,  things  are  going  badly 
with  me ;  Prender  —  una  cosa,  to  take 
a  thing  in  bad  part,  in  a  bad  spirit; 
Rispondere  — ,  to  answer  roughly. 
3.  right  through ;  Lo  passo  —  in  un 
duello,  he  ran  him  right  through  in  a 
duel. 

Attrazi6ne/ ;  attraction. 

•Attr-azziare,  -azzare  or  -ezziare;  to  fit  out 
(a  galley). 

Attrazzo  m.  (var.  of  Attrezzo) ;  in 
//.,  things  little  used  in  a  house  or  ship, 
sundries. 

Attrezz-are  ind.  attre^zo ;  (mar.)  to 
rig.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atura. 

Attre'zz-i  m.  pi.  (either  <  L.  agere, 
through  **  aclricius,  or  <  L.  attrectare, 
to  handle,  through  **attrectio) ;  utensils. 

Aff.  -ucci  dim.  spreg. 

Attrezzista  m. ;  theatrical  outfitter. 

Attribu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  <ad,  tribwrt,  to 
assign,  lit.  to  divide,  v.  Tribu);  to  attribute.  Aff. 
-ibile,  -to  sb. 

Attributive;  Epiteto  — ,  attribu- 
tive epithet,  one  the  use  of  which  is 
essential  to  prevent  misunderstanding, 
such  as  "laughing"  in  the  phrase 
"laughing  jackass,"  meaning  the  Aus- 
tralian bird  so  called. 

Attribuzion-e  / ;  i.  v.  Attribuire. 
2.  the  rights  and  duties  of  an  office ;  II 
prefetto  di  Roma  ha  un  monte  di  -i,  the 
prefect  of  Rome  has  a  number  of  multi- 
farious duties  to  perform. 

t  Attriccarsi  (L.  tried ,  mischief-maker);  to  scuffle. 

Attrice/ ;  i.  actress.  2.  =  Tutrice, 
protectress. 

Attristare ;  =  Rattristare,  to  sad- 
den. 

*Attritare;  i.  =  Tritare,  to  rub.  it.  to  consume, 
iii.  to  depress,  punish,  defeat,  iv.  to  trample  on, 
fig.  to  oppress. 

Attrito  m.  (L.  attritus) ;  friction. 
As  adj.,  contrite. 

Attrizi6ne/ ;  contrition. 

tAttrottolare  (It.  trottola);  to  spin  (like  a  top). 

Attrupp-arsi  (It.  truppa);  to  as- 
semble in  troops,  crowd  together.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Attuabil-e ;  practicable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Attuale  (L.  actualis);  i.  actual. 
2.  (theol.)  Grazia  — ,  special  grace ; 
Peccato  — ,  our  own,  as  opposed  to 
original  sin.  3.  (med.)  Rimedio  — , 
prompt  in  its  action. 

Attualita  /  ;  actuality.  Romanzo 
d'  — ,  novel  dealing  with  the  present 
day. 

Attualme'ute ;  i.  actually.  2.  at 
the  present  time. 


Attu-are  (L.  activus) ;  to  carry  into 
effect.  *  -arsi,  to  apply  oneself.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Attuariato  m. ;  registrarship. 

Attuario  m.  (L.  actuarius) ;  keeper 
of  public  records,  registrar. 

*  Attuccio  m.  (dim.  of  Atto,  A) ;  i.  little  bit  of 
affectation,     ii.  dim.  spreg. ,  poor  act  in  a  play. 

Attuff-are  (It.  tuffare);  to  plunge. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

tAttuffato;  Luogo  — ,  shaded. 
•Attuiare    (var.    of    Atturare) ;    to    obstruct. 
D.  Purg.  33.  48. 

Attu-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  atto);  i.  to 
induce  (a  person)  to  act  as  desired,  to 
give  (a  boy)  his  training.  2.=Attutire, 
q.v. 

Attuonare;  to  give  tone,  v.  At- 
tonare. 

*Attuoso  (L.  actitosus,  full  of  activity);  busy, 
industrious. 

*  Atturare  (It.  turare)  ;  to  block  up. 
•Attutare  (L.  ad,  tutari,  to  ward  off,  <  tutus, 

safe);  i.  to  quiet,  to  allay,     ii.  to  extinguish. 

Attut-ire  ind.  -isco  (var.  of  Attu- 
tare) ;  to  quiet,  to  bid  (a  child)  be  silent. 

Au  or  Ahu  (L.  kau,  excl.  of  pain) ;  an  ex- 
clamation of  emphatic  assent. 

*  Aucchiare ;  =  Agucchiare,  to  sew. 
Aucuba/;  (iW.)asE. 

Auciipio  m.  (L.  aucupium);  bird- 
snaring. 

Audac-e  (Aldace)  (L.  audax] :  bold.  A#. 
-emente,  -ia. 

Auditorato  m. ;  judgeship. 

Auditdre  m.  (L.);  i.  judge  belong- 
ing to  certain  tribunals.  2.  title  of 
certain  other  officials. 

*i.  hearer,  ii.  disciple,  iii.  judge  of  pardons 
under  the  Medici,  iv.  judge  in  the  inferior  courts 
of  the  Venetian  republic,  v.  —  di  Camera,  a  high 
official  of  the  Roman  court,  vi.  auditor  of  public 
accounts,  vii.  —  di  Rota,  a  judge  at  Florence. 
viii.  —  di  guerra  or  niilitare,  judge  in  a  court 
martial. 

A'uge/;  (Span,  auge  <  Arabic  aug, 
an  astronomical  term  probably  formed 
from  Gr.  airayaiov,  apogee,  maximum 
distance  of  a  planet  from  the  earth,  7>. 
Skeat,  sub  Ogee) ;  maximum  of  felicity, 
height  of  glory.  Vivere  in  — ,  to  live 
like  a  lord.  *  apogee  of  a  planet. 

Augello  m.  •  poet,  for  Uccello,  bird. 

Auggiare;  i.q.  Aduggiare,  to  over- 
shadow. 

Augg-ire  ind.  -isco;  =  Uggire,  to 
darken. 

Augnare  (It.  ugna,  claw);  i.= 
Adunghiare,  to  seize.  2.  to  cut  ob- 
liquely, to  mitre. 

Augnatura/ ;  oblique  cut. 

Augur-are  ind.  auguro ;  i.  to  augur, 
to  foretell.  2.  to  wish,  -arsi,  to  hope. 
Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Augurato;  Bene  — ,  auspiciously 
begun. 

A'ugur-e  m.  (L.  av-gur,  where  the  first  syllable 
corresponds  to  L.  avis,  bird,  and  the  second  to  some 
verb  meaning  "to_  observe,"  v.  Walde,  svb  Augur); 
as  E.  Aj[f.  -ale,  -io, 

Augur-6so,  -osamente ;  words  only 
used  with  Bene  or  Male.  Ben  augu- 
rosamente,  auspiciously. 


AUGUSTA— AVANTI 


61 


Augusta  /. ;  (geogr.)  Augsburg  in 
Bavaria. 

Augustan-o :  of  Augsburg,  i.e. 
Lutheran.  La  Confessione  -a,  the 
Confession  of  Augsburg  (1530). 

Augusteo ;  Augustan. 

Augusto  (L.,  root  aug,  to  grow,  v.  Ausiliare); 
asE. 

A'ula/  (L.,  <  Gr.  aiAr/);  I.  court- 
yard of  an  ancient  Roman  house. 
2.  council  chamber.  3.  —  magna,  public 
hall  of  a  university,  Senate  house. 

*  Auledo  tft. ;  v.  Aulete. 

*Aulet-e  (Auledo)  m.  (Gr.  aiXijnj!);  player  on 
the  auAos,  a  sort  of  pipe.  Aff.  •  -ica,  piping. 

A'ulic-o  ;  i.  Consiglio — ,  or  Camera 
-a,  the  Council  of  the  Holy  Roman 
Empire  at  Vienna  instituted  by  Maxi- 
milian I  in  1501.  The  term  used  also 
to  be  applied  to  the  councils  of  several 
of  the  German  states.  2.  Lingua  -a, 
courtly  language,  esp.  with  reference  to 
the  aspirations  of  Dante. 

*i.  belonging  to  courts,  generally.  As  sb. : 
i.  pompous  person,  ii.  a  species  of  snake. 

*  Aulifante  m. ;  elephant. 
*Aulire  (L.  olere)\  to  smell  (intr.). 

A'ulo  m.  (A)  (Gr.  aiXof,  pipe) ;  I.  a 
sort  of  flute  or  pipe  used  by  the  ancient 
Greeks.  2.  razor-fish,  a  genus  of 
marine  molluscs,  Solenidae. 

*(B);=Avolo,  ancestor. 

Aume'nto  m.  (L.  <  augere,  v.  Ausili- 
are); increase. 

Ajf.  Aument-are,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 
*Auna  f.  (Fr.  aunt,  from  mlt.  tiL-n,i,  Gothic 
aleina) ;   elf. 

*  Aunare;  =  Adunare,  to  collect. 
•Auncicare;  to  scrape  together. 

Auncinare  ind.  auncino  (It.  uncino); 
=  Uncinare,  to  snatch. 

Aunghi-are,  -atura ;  v.  Augnare. 

A'ura  f.  (L.,  root  aue,  to  blow,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Wind) ;  breeze. 

•i.  —  vitale,  breath  of  life;  Sant'  —  ,  the  Holy 
Spirit,  ii.  report,  hint.  iii.  any  subtle,  emanation 
of  an  invisible  kind.  iv.  Dare  —  a,  to  render 
famous,  v.  (wM*.)=Scacciapensieri,  Jew's  harp. 

•Aureay^;  (tkeol.)  reward  of  the  good  consisting 
in  converse  with  God. 

Aurelia  f.  (Latinised  form  of  chrysalis,  v. 
Crisalide) ;  chrysalis. 

A'ure-0  (L.);  golden. 

*  i.  Catena  -a,  a  patristic  commentary  on  Scripture. 
ii.    Regola  -a,  (arith.)  rule  of  three,     iii.   Casa  -a, 
Nero's  palace.     As  sb. '.  iv.  gold  coin.     v.   weight  of 
one  drachma. 

Aureola/  (L.);  i.  nimbus  round 
the  head  of  a  saint  in  a  picture.  2.  (med.} 
dark  circle  round  the  nipple  or  round 
any  spot  formed  in  the  skin. 

Aureolo  m. ;  yellow-hammer,  Em- 
beriza  citrinella. 

Aur^tta/;  dim.  Aura. 

*  Auria  f.\~  Augurio,  augury. 

*  Auricalco ;  =  Oricalco,  brass. 
A'uriche  /. //. ;  (mar.)  fore  and  aft  sails. 
Auricola  f.    (L.);    i.    (anat.)  auricle   of    the 

heart.     2.    a  genus  of  marine  snails. 

Auricolare  or  Auriculare  (L.); 
auricular.  Testimone  — ,  hearsay 
witness,  usu.  d'  udito.  Verme  — ,=For- 
fecchia  or  Forbicina,  earwig. 

*  Dito  — ,  little  finger. 
Aurifero  (L.  auri/er);  as  E. 


Auriga  m.  (L.  <aureae,rems,  +agere, 
in  composition  -igere,  to  drive.  Aureae 
is  for  oreae  <  as,  arts,  mouth) ;  i .  chariot- 
eer. 2.  the  constellation  Auriga. 

*  Aurio  m. ;  =  Augurio. 
tAuriou  ;«. ;  =  Scombro,  mackerel. 

*  Auripimento  m. ;  =  Orpimento. 

*  Aurito  (L.);  =  Orecchiuto. 

Auriray:  (L.,  for  ** ausosa,  a  primitive  s  be- 
coming  r  in  L.  between  two  vowels,  root  aus,  to 
blaze,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Aurora,  East);  i.  as  E.  2.  a 
yellow  dye. 

t  Auroregio  w.;=Alloro,  bay  tree. 

*  Aurugine  f. ;  yellowish  green  colour. 
*Ausa/i,  or  as  /  pi.  of  Auso;  impudence. 
*Ausare  (A)  (ft.  uso);    to  accustom.     (B)  ;= 

Osare. 

•Ausello  (Ausgello)  m. ;  =  Uccello,  bird. 
*Ausignuolo  w.;=Usignolp,  nightingale. 

Ausili-are  or -ario;  auxiliary. 

Etyttt.  L.  <.aujciliumt  aid,  root  aug-s,  an  ac- 
cessory to  the  primitive  root  augt  to  increase,  cp. 
Gr.  au£fe>,  O.  H.G.  oukh5n,  L.  augeo,  to  increase, 
Sanskr.  ojas.  strength,  L.  augustus.  From  other 
grades  of  the  same  root  are  O.H.G.  wuohkar 
(>Germ.  Wucher,  usury),  O.H.G.  tvahsan  (>Germ. 
wacfisen),  A.S.  weaxeti  (>E.  to  wax),  A.S.  eacian 
(>E.  to  eke);  v.  Walde,  sub  Augeo.  Skeat.  sub 
Eke,  Wax. 

Ausiliatdre  m. ;  i.  helper.     2.  (leg.)  accessory. 

*  Auso  (L.  ausus);  bold. 

Ausbnia/ ;  poet,  for  Italy. 

Auspicale  (L.) ;  auspicious.  Pietra 
— ,  foundation  stone.  Giorno  — ,  new 
year's  day. 

Auspicate;  auspicious.  Male  — , 
inauspicious. 

A'uspice  m.  (L.  auspex,  <avis,  bird, 
spicere,  to  look  at) ;  i.  soothsayer. 
2.  quasi  Jig.  patron ;  —  S.  M.  il  re 
questi  monumenti  restaurarono,  under 
the  patronage  of  His  Majesty  the  King 
these  monuments  were  restored. 

Auspicio  m.,  only  in//.;  auspices. 
*Auspizio  m. ;  augury. 

AU8t6r-0  (L.  <Gr.  avo-rr/por  <  affa>, 
to  dry) ;  austere,  morose,  poor  (food), 
sour  (wine).  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ita. 

*  Austo  in.  (L.  haustus) ;  water-drawing. 

*  Austorio  «.;  a  sacrificial  vase. 

Australe  ;  southern. 

A'ustro  m.  (L.  ausler);  i.  south 
wind.  2.  south. 

*Auta^;  for  Avuta,  receipt  of  a  letter. 

*  Autare  »<.;  =  Altare,  altar. 

Autenti-ca  / ;  i.  authentic  proof. 
2.  in  //.,  Le  -che,  the  new  constitutions 
of  Justinian  collected  by  Irnerius. 

Autentic-are ;  to  authenticate.  Copia  .ata, 
certified  copy.  Ajf.  -abile,  -ame'nte,  -atdre,  -atrice, 
-azione. 

Autentic-o  (L.  <  Gr.  <  aufleVn^  =  avro-eVn/s, 
one  who  does  things  with  his  own  hand ;  Gr.  eWijs 
for  **  utvrifi  is  prab.  allied  to  L.  sons,  v.  Sontico) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -ita. 

*  Auto ;  for  Avuto,  part,  of  Avere. 
A ut o biografia  f. ;  autobiography. 
Autdcrat-e  m. ;  autocrat.    Aff.  -icame'nte,  -ico, 

Autocrazia. 

Autodafe  m.  (Spanish  word)  ;  burning  heretics. 

Autografare ;  to  prepare  a  litho- 
graph of  writing. 

Autografia  /. ;  i.  preparation  of 
lithographs  of  writing.  2.  genuineness 
of  the  writing  of  a  document. 

Autografic-0 ;      autographic     (tele- 
graphy).    Macchina  -a,  hectograph. 
Autbgrafo  m.;  autograph. 

Aut6ma  m.  (Gr.  avrafuiToi  <  **^i(ia>, 
to  strive  or  to  desire,  v.  Liddell  and 
Scott,  sub  \ia.<o);  automaton. 


Automatic-o;  as  E.    A£.  -ame'nte. 

Autonom-o  (Gr. Oe'fiw,  to  distribute);  as  E. 
Aff.  .(a. 

*Autopiro  m.  (Gr.  Trvpds,  grain);    bread  made 
entirely  from  corn. 

Autopsfayl;  v.  Autossia. 

Aut6re  m.  (L.  auctor) ;  author  or 
authoress. 

Autore"vol-e ;  authoritative.  Aff. 
-6zza,  -me'nte. 

Autorita/.(L.  auctoritas};  authority. 

Autoritario;  usurped,  unauthorised 
(action  by  the  executive). 

Autorizz-are ;  to  authorise.  Aff. 
-azi<5ne. 

Autordne  m. ;  i.  augm.  spreg. 
Autore,  writer  of  voluminous  trash. 
2.  augm.  great  writer.  Autorone  co' 
fiocchi,  magnificent  writer. 

Autoruccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Autore, 
with  some  idea  of  compassion  implied. 

Autoruzzo  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Autore. 
Autossia  or  Autopsia/!;  autopsy. 

Autrice  / ;  authoress. 

Autunn-O  m.  (L.  auctumnus);  au- 
tumn. Aff.  -ale. 

Auzzapali  ttt. ;  stake  sharpener,  a  term  used 
in  contempt  of  one  who  does  not  know  his  trade. 

Auzzare,  etc.;  v.  Aguzzare,  to 
sharpen,  etc. 

Avayf;  grandmother. 

*  Avacciare  (contr.  of  Avivacciare) ;  to  hasten. 
*Avaccio;  speedy.     As  sb.t  speed. 
*Avale  or  Aguale  (corr.  of  Eguale);   now,  at 
once. 

*Avallare;  v.  Avvallare. 

Avambraccio  m.  ( 1 1.  avanti,  braccio); 
forearm. 

*Avamporto  m. ;  outer  harbour. 

Avamp6sto  m. ;  outpost. 

Avana  m. ;  (geogr.)  Havana.  As 
adj.,  cigar-coloured,  brown. 

Avancorpo  (m.);  (arch.)  projection  in  the 
middle  of  the  n^ade  of  a  building,  Fr.  avant-corps. 

Ayanguardia  /. ;  (mil.)  =  Van- 
guardia,  vanguard. 

Avania  /  (mod.  Gr.  dftavia,  from  a 
Turkish  or  Arabic  source,^.  Fr.  avanie); 

1.  orig.   the  harassing  dues  extracted 
by  the  Turks  from  Christian  merchants ; 
hence  the  present  meaning,  harassing 
and  oppressive  taxation   or   exactions. 

2.  fig.  outrage  or  insult  of  any  kind. 


fellow. 

Avanti  or  (poet.)  Avante  prep,  or 
adv.  (L.  ah,  ante);  before,  in  front  of. 
Per  1'  — ,  formerly.  Da  qui,  or  D'  ora 
in  — ,  henceforward.  L'  anno  — ,  the 
previous  year.  Andare  — ,  to  go  for- 
ward, go  on.  Essere  — ,  of  a  work,  to 
be  well  advanced.  La  campagna  e  — , 
the  country  is  forward,  the  season  is 
early.  Farsi  — ,  to  come  forward. 
Passare  — ,  to  overtake  (one  who  is 
running  away).  Tirare  — ,  to  go  on 
with  (a  job),  or  intr.  to  go  on.  Si  lira 
—  per  avvocato,  he  is  studying  for  the 
bar. 

*Non  esser  da  niuna  cosa  pid  — (  to  be  in  front 
of  nothing,  i.e.  to  be  good  for  nothing. 


62 


AVANTIERI— AVVALLARE 


*  Avantieri;  =  Ier  1'  altro,  the  day  before  yester- 
day. 

Avantr^no  tn. ;  (mil.)  forepart  of  a 
gun-carriage,  limber. 

Avanz-am&nto  m.\  i.  vbsb.  of  -are. 

2.  (mar.)  wharf,  jetty. 

Avanz-are  (mlt.  abantiare,  from  L. 
al>,  ante);  I.  to  push  forward.  2.  fig. 
to  advance  (certain  arguments,  etc.). 

3.  to  promote.     4.    to  surpass.      5.   to 
be  owed ;  Avanzo  due  mila  lire  da  N., 
N.  owes  me  two  thousand  francs ;  Che 
-a  qualcosa  da  me?  do  I  owe  him  any- 
thing? a  common  expression  when  one 
is  treated  rudely.     6.    to  remain  over; 
Di  quel  che  ho  me  ne  -a,  what  I  have 
is  more  than  enough  for  me ;  M!  e  -ato 
tempo,  lit.  I  have  had  more  than  time 
enough,  a  not  too  courteous  mode  of 
refusing   something   to   eat    or   drink ; 
Prenda   un   caffe?    Grazie,    m'    e    -ato 
tempo,  will  you  take  a  cup  of  coffee? 
Thanks,  1  have  had  one.  M'  -a  il  crederlo, 
I  can  well  believe  it.    Tempo  -ato,  spare 
time.     7.   -arsi,  to  project. 

Avanzatetto ;  advanced  in  years. 

Avanz-O  m. ;  I.  remains,  residue; 
Far  degli  -i,  to  save,  put  by;  D'  — , 
more  than  enough ;  Aver  d'  —  di  qual- 
che  cosa,  to  be  tired  of  it ;  Creder  d'  — , 
to  believe  entirely.  2.  profit,  surplus, 
savings;  Gli  -i  di  Berta  Ciliegia  or  di 
Berto,  the  profits  of  Berto,  i.e.  losses 
from  an  ill-judged  proceeding;  —  di 
galera,  residue  of  the  galleys,  i.e.  rogue. 
3.  Mettere  a  -i,  =  Metter  a  conto  d' 
utili,  to  put  to  the  credit  of  profit  and 
loss ;  Mettere  in  — ,  to  save  money, 
fig.  to  think  it  fortunate. 

*  i.  =  Avanzamento,  progress,     ii.  means,  device. 
AJf.  Avanz-aticcio  spreg.,  leavings,  -uccio  dim. 

spreg.,  -uglio  or  -ugliolo  dim.,  -ume  spreg. 

Avaria  (Averia)  /.  (Arabic  avar, 
damaged  goods);  i.  (mar.)  ship's  "ave- 
rage" whether  to  ship  or  cargo,  i.e. 
damage  caused  by  sea.  2.  damage  to 
goods  in  transit  by  rail.  3.  payment 
for  the  same.  *=Avania,  outrage. 

Avariare ;  to  damage. 

*Avarnotto;  i'.  Avannotto. 

AvaTO  (L.  avarus<  avere,  to  pant 
after,  which  is  akin  to  Gr.  aa>,  ava>,  to 
blow,  breathe);  avaricious. 

Aff.    Avar-accio   pegs-,    -amente,    -e^to  dim,, 
-onaccio  angm.  spreg.,  -one  aiigm. 
*Avazzo;  speedily,  v.  Avaccio. 
tAveccare;=Avettare,  to  climb  over. 

*  Aveliay?;  =  Velia,  shrike. 

Avellan-a_/i,  -0  m.  (from  the  town  of 
Avella  in  Campania) ;  the  fruit  and  tree 
respectively  of  the  cob-nut,  filbert,  or 
other  cultivated  variety  of  the  hazel. 

*Avellere  perf.  avulsi,  part,  avulso  (L.);   to 
root  up. 

Avello  m. ;  tomb.  Puzzar  com'  un 
— ,  to  stink  horribly. 

*i.  Puzzar  d1  — ,  i.e.  to  be  old.    ii.  niche  for  a 
statue. 

Etym.  From  L.  lavare,  to  wash,  was  formed 
**  lavabruM,  whence  labr-um,  wash-basin  (not  to  be 
confused  with  labrum,  lip).  From  labrutn  came 
the  dim.  labellum  and  thence  It.  lavello.  This 
suffered  the  loss  of  the  initial  /,  through  being  taken 
for  1'  avello,  and  avello  took  its  meaning  of  tomb 
either  because  certain  cinerary  urns  had  been  shaped 


like  wash-basins  or  because  little  basins  used  to  be 
placed  as  ornaments  on  tombs,  Cic.  de  leg.  2.  26. 

Avemmarfa  /  ;  i  .  short  prayer  to 
the  Madonna.  2.  time  of  sunset,  usu. 
Le  ventiquattro.  3.  sunset  chimes. 
4.  in  pi.,  the  lesser  beads  of  a  rosary  ; 
the  larger  ones  are  called  Paternostri. 

Av6na/;    i.  =Vena,  oats.     2.  - 
salvatica  =  Saggina  cannaiola,  tall  wild 
oats.     3.  shepherd's  pipe,  or  in  S.  Italy, 
bagpipe. 

*Aventare;  i.  to  thrive,     ii.  v.  Avventare. 


for  conjugation  see  the 
grammars  (L.  habere,  root  hab,  cp.  Gr. 
airr<o,  L.  **  apere,  to  seize,  Germ,  hafien, 
haben,  E.  have,  and  similar  forms  in 
many  northern  languages)  ;  to  have. 

Most  phrases  in  which  the  word 
occurs  are  explained  under  other  heads; 
the  following  are  all  that  seem  to  require 
noting  here:  i.  Averia  con  uno,  to 
dislike  him.  2.  Chi  ha  avuto  ha  avuto, 
a  mode  of  saying  that  a  matter  is  not  to 
be  discussed  further.  3.  Tu  1'  avresti 
a  avere,  an  ironical  way  of  saying  You 
will  not  get  what  you  ask.  4.  L'  ha 
avuto  il...,  he  has  had...,  something 
from  which  advantage  was  expected 
and  the  contrary  has  resulted  ;  O  non 
dubitare  che  1'  ho  avuta  la  campagna! 
mi  ci  e  morto  un  bambino,  certainly  I 
have  had  some  country  air!  and  have 
lost  one  of  my  children  by  it.  5.  Chi 
le  ha  son  sue,  a  mode  of  warning  a  boy 
that  if  he  persists  in  doing  what  he  is 
forbidden  he  is  likely  to  catch  it  in 
consequence.  6.  Averne  !  to  have 
some!  a  way  of  answering  a  query  as 
to  the  goodness  of  some  article  ;  Guardi 
lei  se  e  falso  questo  foglio?  Averne  ! 
will  you  examine  whether  this  note  is  a 
forgery?  Not  a  bit  of  it!  it  is  perfectly 
good;  or  in  refusing  a  request,  Che  mi 
presteresti  venti  franchi?  Averne!  caro 
mio,  could  you  lend  me  twenty  francs? 
Don't  you  wish  you  may  get  it,  my  dear 
fellow.  7.  In  the  conditional  mood  a 
certain  affirmation  or  supposition  is 
often  implied,  Avresti  a  dir  bene,  you 
must  have  good  news  ;  Avrebbe  a  esser 
lui,  it  must  be  he.  8.  Aversi  a  male, 
to  take  offence  at.  9.  Avere  a  avere, 
or  da  avere,  to  be  owed.  to.  Avere 
a...,  with  a  verb,  to  be  as  near  as 
possible  to...;  Venne  un  tuono  si  forte 
che  ebbi  a  sbalordire,  then  came  such 
a  thunder  clap  that  I  was  as  nearly  as 
possible  stunned. 

As  s6.,  property.  Voglio  tutto  il  mio 
avere  e  niente  piu,  I  want  all  my  rights 
and  nothing  more.  Hence  ironically, 
Ha  avuto  il  suo  avere,  he  has  obtained 
his  deserts.  In  keeping  accounts  Avere 
is  creditor,  and  Dare  debtor. 

*Averiay?;  =  Avaria,  damage. 

*  Averire  ;  =  Avverare,  to  verify. 

Averia,  Avelia,  Ghierla,  Verla,  Verlia,  or 
Velia  f.  (perhaps  a  corruption  of  L.  aviculii,  dim. 
of  avis,  bird);  i.  —  capirossa,  woodchat,  Lanius 
rufus,  also  termed  Castrica  testa  rossa.  Lanciere  testa 
rossa,  Velia  maggiore  ferruginea,  Velia  rossa  minore. 
2.  —  cenerina,  lesser  grey  shrike,  Lanius  minor, 
also  termed  Velia  cenerina  mezzana  or  minore,  Ver- 
lagazzina.  3.  —  maggiore,  great  shrike,  Lanius 
excubitor,  also  termed  Castrica  palombina,  Falcon- 
ello,  Gazza  sparviera,  Lanciere  canericcio,  Regestola 


falconiera,  Velia. or  Verla  grossa.  4.  —  piccola,  red 
backed  shrike,  Lanius  cotturio,  also  termed  Falcon- 
ello,  Lanciere  collurione,  Passera  gazzera,  Vastrica. 

Averno  m.  (L.);  i.  the  Pagan  Hell.  2.  mephitic 
exhalation. 

Averroista  m.;  follower  of  Averrhoes. 

*  A  versiera  f. ;  =  Versiera,  hobgoblin. 
*Aversioneyl  (A)  (L.  a  for  ab,  verto,  hence  a 

different  word  from  Avversione,  g.v.);  turning  the 
mind  away.  (B);  =  Avversione. 

Avertere  (Avertire)  part.  Averso  (Avertito) 
(L.);  to  turn  away. 

*  A  verto;  part.  Avrire,  to  open. 

*  Averton-e  or  -o  m.;  skin  for  linings  and  belts. 
fAverustio  ;«.;  — Abrostine,  wild  grape. 
tAverzer;  (/«#r.)  =  Aprire,  to  brace  up. 

*  Avetoso  ;  =  Pulito,  clean. 
fAvettare;  to  jump  over,  v.  Avvettare. 
*Avi;  =  Ebbi,  I  had. 

*Aviay?;  =  Ava,  ancestress. 
Avia-tore,  -zi6ne;  as  E. 
*Avicola_/I  (L.  ai'icula);  small  bird. 

A'vid-o  (L.);  eager,  greedy.  Aff*  -amente, 
-ita. 

t  Avina/;=Pispola,  pipit  or  tit-lark. 
*Avironare  (bit.  virare  or  It.  virare,  q.v.~)\   to 
encircle. 

*Avirone  m.\  i.  circuit,     ii.  oar,  Fr.  aviron. 

*  Aviso;  ?'.  Avviso. 

Avito  (It.  avo);  ancestral. 

*  Avivacciato  (participial  adj.<\,,  adt  vivacius, 
neut.  comparat.  ofvivax)',  speedy. 

Avo  or  A'volo  (Aulo)  m.  (L.  at/us) ; 
grandfather;  in//.,  ancestors. 

Avocare  ind.  avoco  (Awocare)  (L. 
a  for  ab%  vocare) ;  I.  (leg.)  to  remove  to 
a  higher  court.  2.  of  a  superior  official, 
to  assume  the  decision  of  a  matter 
instead  of  leaving  it  to  a  subordinate. 

Ayoc-azi6ne/ ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  =Av- 
vocazione. 

Avocetta  f.\  7'.  Avosetta. 
"AvocheriayT;  profession  of  a  barrister. 
*Avocolo,  Avvocolo  (L.   ab,   oculus,  cp.    Fr. 
aveugle)  \  blind. 

*Avogadare;  to  be  a  barrister. 

Avoira  f.\  a  palm  from  which  palm  oil  is 
obtained. 

Avola  /;    bleak    (fish),    Albumus    alborella, 
locally  termed  Alborella.     *  grandmother. 
tAvolicare;  to  use  great  exertions. 
*Avolio  »/,;  =  Avorio,  ivory. 
*Avolterare;  v.  Adulterare. 
*Avolto  w.;~Avolo  tuo. 
*Avoltoio  w.;=  Avvoltoio,  vulture. 

*  A voltrare ;  =  Adulterare. 

Av6rio  (Avolio,  Avoro)  m.  (L.  ebur^ 
**eboreus^  cp.  Sanskr.  ibha^  elephant ; 
words  believed  to  have  been  taken  from 
a  Coptic  original,  v.  Elefante);  ivory. 

Avbrnio,  AvornSllo,  or  Avorntello 
m. ;  (bot.)  i.  laburnum  tree,  v.  Citiso. 
2.  flowering  ash,  Fraxinus  ornus^  also 
termed  Ornello. 

*  Avoro  ;«.;  =  Avorio,  ivory. 

Avosetta  or  Avocetta./?;  a  bird  of  the  wader 
class,  avocet,  Recurvirostra  avocetta^  also  termed 
Monachina,  Spinzago  d'  acqua. 

*Avotare  ;  —  Awotare,  to  take  a  vow. 

*Avrire;  =  Aprire,  to  open. 

Avulso;  part.  *Avellere,  torn  away. 

Avuta  f. ;  the  first  of  a  set  of  two 
games,  the  second  game  being  the 
Riavuta.  Also  called  Vincita  e  rivincita. 
*receipt. 

t  Avvalersi  ;  =  Valersi,  to  avail  oneself. 

Avvall-am^nto  m*\  i .  v.  -are. 
2.  (mar.)  —  delle  onde,  trough  of  the 
waves. 

Awall-are  (It.  valle);  i.  to  sink; 
Quel  pezzo  di  strada  e  -ato,  that  piece 
of  road  has  sunk  in;  In  questo  letto  ci 
s'  avvalla  troppo,  one  sinks  down  too 
much  in  this  bed.  2.  to  renew  (a  bill 
of  exchange),  usu.  Riavallare. 


AVVALORARE— AVVISAGLIA 


*  i.    to  swallow,    ii.   to  lower,     iii.    to  descend, 
iv.  to  fall,     -arsi :  v.  to  be  discouraged,    vi.  Cima 
di  giudicio  non  s'  avvalla,  justice  is  not  one  whit 
abased,  D.  Purg.  6.  37. 

Aff.  Avvallatura. 

Awalor-are  ind.  avvaloro  (It.  va- 
lore) ;  to  strengthen.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Awamp-are  (Avvampire,  Abbamp- 
are)  (It.  vampa);  i.  to  blaze  up.  2.  to 
scorch  (clothes,  in  ironing).  3.  to  set 
fire  to.  4.  -arsi,  to  turn  red  (with  anger). 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Avvantaggi-are     (It.    vantaggio) ; 

1.  to  improve,  advantage,  benefit.     As 
refl.    -arsi :     2.    to    push    forward,    go 
quicker.     3.    to  improve  one's  position. 
*to  surpass.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atamdnte. 

Awantaggio  m. ;  D'  — ,  more. 

Awedersi  ind.  m'  avvedo  or 
*-veggo,  perf.  m'  avvidi  -vedesti,  fut. 
m'  avvedrb,  part,  avveduto  or  avvisto 
(It.  vedere) ;  to  perceive.  Prov.  Se 
n'  avvedrebbe  Cimabue  che  conosceva 
1"  ortica  al  tasto,  it  is  a  thing  which 
Cimabue  would  recognise  who  (only) 
knew  a  nettle  by  the  feel,  said  when 
something  very  obvious  has  escaped 
notice.  Senza  avvedersene,  without 
finding  it  out,  i.e.  easily,  comfortably. 
*to  take  thought. 

Awedut-0;      i.    part.     Avvedere. 

2.  as  adj.,  wary.     Aff.  -ame'nte,  -dzza. 

*  Avvegnache  or  Avvegnadioche;  although. 

*  Avvegnente ;  =  Avvenente,  attractive. 

*  Avvcfare;  =  Velare,  to  veil. 

Awelen-are  ind.  aweWno  (It. 
veleno) ;  to  poison.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-at6re,  -atrice. 

*Avvellutato(It.  velluto);  velvety. 

*  Avvenabile ;  pleasing. 

*  Avvenamento  m. ;  stratification. 
*Avvenante  m. ;   comparison,  proportion.     As 

adj.,  pleasing. 

A  vvenare ;  (»iar.)  —  acqua,  to  teak,  v.  Vena. 
*Avvenato;  stratified. 

Avvenente;  attractive.  *As  s6., 
consequence. 

Awen-^nza/ ;  attractiveness.  Aff. 
-eVole. 

Avvenim^nto  m. ;  i.  event.  2.  ac- 
cession (to  a  throne). 

*i.  outcome,  result,     ii.  arrival,     iii.  adaptation. 

A  wen-ire  ind.  avvengo  -vieni  -viene 
-venidmo  -venite  -vengono,  perf.  avven- 
ni  -venisti,  fut.  avverro,  part,  avvenuto 
(L.  advenire) ;  i.  to  happen  ;  Se  avven- 
isse  il  caso  che...*  if  it  should  happen 
that... ;  Se  awenisse  caso,  if  there 
should  be  any  occasion.  As  refl.  -irsi : 

2.  Proprio  gli  si  avviene,  it  just  suits 
him  ;  Vorrebbe  fare  il  grazioso  ma  non 
gli  s'  avviene,  he  is  trying  to  be  agree- 
able but  the  part  does  not  suit  him,  or, 
Gli  s'  avviene  come  all'  orso  il  ballare, 
it    is    like    a    bear    trying    to    dance. 

3.  Tutto  le  si  avviene,  everything  that 
she  does  is  well  done.     4.   -irsi  in  uno, 
to  happen  to  meet  him. 

As  sb.\  5.  L'  — ,  the  future,  and  as 
adj.  with  the  same  meaning,  Nel  tempo 
— ,  in  future  time. 

*i.  to  arrive;  Avvegna  il  reame  tuo,  Thy  kingdom 
come.  ii.  to  get  on,  prosper,  iii.  to  become,  iv.  Non 
avviene,  there  is  no  occasion,  v.  to  appertain.  As 


reft,  -irsi:  vi.  Troilo  vi  si  avvenne,  Troilus  threw 
himself  into  the  fray.  vii.  to  be  becoming,  suitable, 
in  keeping  with.  As  sb. :  yiii.  —Avvenenza,  attract- 
iveness. As  si.  pi.:  ix..  Gli  avvenire,  posterity.  As 
adj.  pi. :  x.  Le  cose  avvenire,  future  things. 

Awent-are  ind.  avvento  (A)  (It. 
vento);  i.  to  hurl;  — parole  arrisicate, 
fig.  to  hurl  out  rash  sayings.  2.  Cosa 
che  avventa,  thing  which  makes  a  great 
impression  at  first  but  does  not  keep  it 
up. 

tSalsiccia  -ata,  salt  pickle  with  air  spaces  in  it, 
which  therefore  does  not  keep  properly. 

*(B)  (L.  adventare) ;  i.  to  succeed  (in  some 
design),  ii.  of  plants,  to  come  up, 

Aff.  Avvent-amento,  All'  -ata  rashly, 
-ataggine  rash,  headstrong  act,  -ata- 
me'nte  very  rashly,  -atello  (dim.  of  -ato), 
-at^zza  rash  proceeding  (but  less  rash 
than  -ataggine),  -ato  rash. 

Awentfzio  ;  adventitious,  accident- 
ally present. 

Awento  m. ;  Advent. 

Awent6r-e  m.  (L.  advenior,  new- 
comer); customer.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Avventrinarsi  (It.  ventre);  i.  (.vet.)  to  have 
colic  from  unwholesome  fodder.  2.  {fers.)  quasi 
fig.  to  stuff  oneself. 

Awentura  /  (L.  adventura,  n.  pi. 
fut.  part,  of  advenire,  passed  into  mlt. 
and  Ital.  as  f.  sing,  sb.) ;  adventure. 
Per  — ,  by  chance. 

*  i.  good  fortune,    ii.  Dire,  Fare  1'  — ,  to  practise 
fortune  telling,     iii.    Mettere  in — ,  to  risk. 

Awenturare;  to  risk. 
Awenturier-e  m.,  -a/  ;  adventurer. 

Avventurinayl;  aventurine,  quartz. 

Awenturdso;  i.  favourable.  2.  ad- 
venturous. 3.  fortunate. 

Awer-are  ind.  avveVo  (Averire)  (It. 
vero) ;  to  verify.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Avverbi-o  m.  (L.  adverbiunt);  as  E.  Aff. 
-ale,  -almente. 

Awerd-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  verde) ;  to 
turn  green. 

Awersat-o  (It.  verso) ;  skilful,  one 
who  works  "a  modo  e  a  verso,"  skil- 
fully. Aff.  -(no  dim.  vezz. 

*  Avversiera /.',==  Versiera,  hobgoblin. 

Awers-O  (L.  adversus);  adverse. 

Aff,  Avvers-are  to  oppose,  -ario,  -ativo  in  op- 
position, -atore,  -atrice  opponent,  -idne  as  E.,  -ita. 

Awertenteme'nte,  needfully. 

Awertenza  /;  i.  heed.  2.  pre- 
face. 3.  warning. 

Awertire  ind.  avverto  (L.  adver- 
tere);  i.  to  inform.  2.  to  warn.  3.  to 
be  careful.  4.  to  call  attention  to. 

Aff.  Avvert-ime'nto,  -itamente  heedfully. 

*Awetrato  (It.  vetro);  (ground)  slightly  frozen 
so  that  it  becomes  brittle  like  glass. 

tAvyettare  (It.  vetta)  ;  i.  =  Accavalciare,  to  be- 
stride, ii.  to  cross  the  ridge  rapidly. 

Awezzare  ind.  awfeo  (It.  vezzo, 
habit);  to  accustom. 

Aw^zzo  ;  accustomed.  Mai  — , 
badly  brought  up. 

*Asj3.:  i.  habit,     ii.  rough  boy. 

Awiame'nto  m. ;  beginning,  start. 

Awi-are  ind.  avvfo  (It.  via) ;  i.  to 
give  a  start  to ;  —  una  candela,  to  light 


a  candle  for  the  first  time  ;  —  lo  strigato, 
to  separate  the  threads  of  the  warp 
where  they  are  sticking  together.  2.  intr. 
to  begin ;  Avvio  a  piovere,  it  began  to 
rain  ;  La  pentola  avvia  a  bollire,  the 
pot  is  beginning  to  boil ;  Non  ho  da  — , 
i.e.  I  am  penniless,  -arsi :  3.  to  set  out, 
start  off.  4.  (mar.)  to  gather  way. 

*  i.  to  send.  ii.  to  get  rid  of,  send  away.  iii.  — 
la  voga,  to  set  the  time  to  the  rowers  in  a  galley. 

Awiatdra  f. ;  workwoman  who 
stretches  the  warp  and  prepares  the 
work  for  the  weaver. 

Avviatura/! ;  i.  beginning  of  a  job, 
or  the  cost  thereof.  2.  a  few  glowing 
embers  to  start  a  fire  with.  3.  initial 
use,  e.g.  of  a  church  candle. 

Avvicend-are  ind.  awicendo  (It. 
vicenda) ;  to  alternate.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Awicin-are  (It.  vicino);  to  put,  or 
be,  near.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Awignare  (It.  vigna) ;  to  plant  with 
vines. 

*i.  to  bring  a  neglected  vineyard  into  order, 
ii.  =  Awinghiare,  to  seize. 

Awil-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  vile);  i.  to 
cheapen ;  to  lower,  degrade ;  to  dis- 
courage, depress.  2.  intr.,  or  -irsi,  to 
be  weak  from  hunger.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Avvil-itivo;  i.  ?'. -ire.  2.  (gram.) 
=  Spregiativo,  derivative  expressing 
contempt. 

Avvilupp-are  (It.  viluppo);  i.  to 
wrap.  2.  to  tangle.  3.  Jig.  to  deceive. 

*i.  —  la  Spagna,  to  make  a  tangle  of  everything, 
ii.  —  frasche  e  viole,  lit.  to  wrap  up  boughs  and 
carnations,  v.  Frasca,  i.e.  tell  lie  upon  lie.  hi.  -arsi, 
to  stuff  oneself. 

Aff.  .ame'nto,  -atamente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Avvin-are  (It.  vino);  i.  to  prepare 
a  new  cask  for  use  by  washing  it  with 
wine  so  as  to  remove  the  woody  odour. 
2.  scherz.  Acqua  -ata,  wine  much  diluted 
with  water.  3.  -ato,  wine-coloured,  usu. 
Vinato. 

*-ato,  half-drunk,  usu.  Awinazzato. 

Avvinazzare;  to  make  half-drunk. 

tAvvincare  (It.  vinco,  withy);  to  bend. 

Avvincere/Vr/iavvinsi  ortavvincei, 

part,  avvinto  ( L.  vincire) ;  to  bind,  tto 
convince. 

*  Avvinchiare  ;  v.  Awinghiare. 

Awincid-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  vincido) ; 
to  become  flabby. 

*  Avvincigliare  (It.  vinciglio) ;  to  tie  up  with  a 
withy. 

*  Avvincolarc  (It.  vincolo);  to  wind  round. 

Awingni-are  (Avvinchiare)  (mlt. 
ad-vinculare,hom  l^.vinculum);  to  clasp 
tight,  -arsi,  to  cling. 

*  Avvinghiata/^;  armful.    D'  — ,  (tree)  as  large 
as  can  be  embraced  with  the  arms. 

Avvinto ;  part.  Awincere. 

Avvfo  m. ;  i.q.  Awiamento,  begin- 
ning. 

*  Avviottol-are  or  -arsi;  =  Avviarsi,  to  set  out. 
*Avvirato  (L.  viri4s)\  poisoned. 

*  Avvisay^;  M'  e  pure  — ,  my  opinion  is. 

Awisaglia  /  ;  skirmish,  v.  Avvis- 
arsi. 


64 


AVVISARE— AZZIMO 


Awis-are  (mlt.  advisare) ;  to  give 
notice  of,  to  inform. 

*  i.  to  be  of  opinion,  ii,  to  observe,  get  a  clear 
view  of.  iii.  to  watch  for  (an  opportunity);  Awi- 
sando  lor  presa  e  lor  vantaggio,  watching  for  the 
opportunity  of  a  good  grip,  D.  Inf.  16.  23.  iv.  m'  av- 
yisa,  it  seems  to  me.  v.  -arsi,  to  meet  face  to  face 
in  battle. 

Avvis-atdre  m. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  mes- 
senger in  a  theatre. 

Awi§0  m. ;  i.  notice,  information; 
Lettera  d'  — ,  letter  of  advice.  2.  ad- 
vertisement. 3.  (mar.)  despatch -boat. 
4.  Stare  sull"  — ,  to  be  upon  one's  guard; 
Secondo  il  mio  — ,  in  my  opinion. 

*i.  Esser  — ,  to  be  apparent;  I!  tacer  mi  fu 
avviso  il  peggio,  silence  appeared  to  me  the  worse 
plan,  D.  Inf.  27.  107.  ii.  Opinion,  mental  calcu- 
lation. 

AJf.  Avvis-ino  of  -uccio  dim. 

*Avvistay. ;  Stare  in  su  la  — ,  to  be  on  the 
look  out. 

Awistare ;  i.  to  estimate,  judge  at 
first  sight.  2.  to  give  a  good  display  of 
(goods  to  be  sold) ;  —  una  bottega,  to 
make  a  shop  look  well.  3.  (mar.)  to 
sight  (land). 

Awistato;  crafty,  wide  awake 
(man);  of  a  woman,  handsome  and  de- 
sirous of  attracting  attention  to  herself. 

Ajft.  Avvistatbtt-o  vezz.  Ragazza  -a,  nice-look- 
ing girl. 

Awisto ;  part.  Avvedere. 

Awitare  (It.  vite,  screw);  to  screw 
up. 

Awiticchi-are  (It.  viticchio,  con- 
volvulus); to  twine  round.  Aff.  -am^nto. 

•Avyiticciare  (It.  viticcio,  tendril);  to  twist 
round  like  a  vine  tendril. 

Avvit-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  vite,  vine); 
to  plant  with  vines,  or  intr.  to  plant 
vines. 

*  Avvitolato  ;  twisted  like  a  vine  stem. 

Awiv-are  (It.  vivo);  I.  to  vivify. 
2.  in  gilding,  to  prepare  the  surface 
with  acid  and  quicksilver.  3.  -arsi,  to 
revive,  usu.  Ravvivarsi.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Avvivat6io  »t. ;  copper  pencil  used  in  gilding. 
*Avviziare  (It.  vizio);  to  train  in  vice. 

Avvizz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  vizzo);  of 
fruit,  to  shrivel,  -ito,  wizened.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

*Avvocare;  i.  v.  Avocare.    ii.  to  be  a  barrister. 

Awocata  f.  ;  i.  the  Madonna. 
2.  lady  barrister. 

Awocateria  /  ;  spreg.  herd  of  bar- 
risters. 

Awocat-e'sco ;  spreg.  of-o.  Ragioni 
-esche,  special  pleading,  unfair  argu- 
ments. Aff.  -escame'nte. 

Avvocat^ssa  / ;  i.  barrister's  wife. 
2.  woman  who  talks  much  in  support 
of  some  opinion. 

Awocat-0  m.  (L.  advocatus) ;  advo- 
cate, barrister.  —  concistoriale,  advo- 
cate in  the  Papal  courts.  —  delle  cause 
perse,  advocate  of  hopeless  cases  or  one 
of  no  capacity. 

Aff.  Avvocat-fno  dim.  i.e.  short  in 
bodily  stature,  or  young  in  years,  -one 


augm.   i.e.   of   great   reputation,   -orio, 
-uccio  or  -ucolo  dim.  spreg. 

*Avvocatore  w.;  magistrate  (at  Venice). 

Avvocatura/ ;  profession  of  a  bar- 
rister. 

*  Avvocolo  ;  =  Avocolo,  blind. 
*Avvogadore  m.',=  Avvocatore. 

*  A  vvoggolare  ;  =  Avvolgolare. 
*Avvogliare;    i.    (It.    voglia),  =  Invogliare,    to 

entice,     ii.  =  Avvolgere,  to  wrap  up. 

Ayyogliato  ;  i.  very  desirous. 
2.  willing  to  work. 

Aw61g-ere  per/,  awolsi,  part. 
avvolto  (L.  advolvere);  I.  to  wrap 
round,  to  entangle.  2.  to  furl  (a  flag). 

*  -ersi :  i.  to  travel  about,     ii.    to  be  deceived, 

Awolgim^nto  m. ;  tortuosity.  *diz- 
ziness. 

Avvolgolare  (Awoggolare)  ind. 
avvolgolo;  to  roll  up. 

*  Avvollare  ;  to  wrap  round,  Jig.  to  deceive. 

*  Avvollersi  ;  to  be  mistaken. 
*Avvolpacchiarsi  (Jirob.  corr.  of  Avvoltacchi- 

arsi);    to  give  no  clear  account  of  oneself. 
*Avvolpinare  (It.  volpe)  ;  to  deceive. 

Awolsi ;  perf.  Avvolgere. 
*AvvoltayC;  whirl. 

*  Avvoltacchiare;  to  twist  about. 

Awoltare  ind.  avvolto ;  i.q.  Avvolg- 
ere, to  wrap. 

Awolt-ata  f. ;  act  of  wrapping. 
Aff.  -ati'na  dim. 

Awoltaturay^ ;  i.  wrapping,  band- 
age. 2.  point  at  which  wrapping  has 
been  put  on. 

Awolticchi-are  quasi  dim.  Awolt- 
are; to  wind  round  and  round,  -arsi, 
to  be  slightly  entangled. 

Avvdlt-0 ;  i.  part.  Avvolgere. 
2.  Frittata  -a,  omelette  rolled  up  like 
a  pancake. 

Avvoltdio  (Avoltoio)  m.  (**vul- 
turius,  from  L.  vultur,  v.  Vellere)  ; 
vulture. 

Species:  i.  —  nero,  —  nero  lepraiolo,  or  simply 
— ,  Egyptian  vulture,  Vultur  monachus.  2.  —  bar- 
buto=Arpia,  lammergeier.  3.  — aquilino  or  bianco 
=  Capovaccaio,  q.v.  4.  —  fulvo  =  Grifone,  griffon 
vulture. 

Awoltolare  ind.  awoltolo;  i.  to 
roll  round  and  round.  2.  to  send  rolling. 

*  A  vvotare  ( Awotire,  Avotare)  (It.  voto) ;  to  vow. 

Azalea  f.  (Gr.  ufaAe'os,  dry,  from  its 
growing  best  in  dry  ground);  (bot.) 
i.  azalea.  2.  —  Svizzera,  alpine  rose, 
Rhododendron  ferrugineutn. 

Azedarac  in.  (Arabic  word  from  Persian)  ;  (bot.) 
Indian  lilac,  v.  Perlaro  (3). 

Azerubla/. ;  =  Lazzerola,  Neapolitan 
medlar. 

*Aziale  m.  ;  =  Acciaro,  steel. 

Azi&nda  /  (Span,  hacienda,  from 
hacer=L.  facere);  i.  business,  con- 
cern, factory.  2.  mismanaged  business, 
muddle. 

A'zimut  m.  (Arabic  as-samt,  path) ; 
(astr.)  azimuth,  the  angle  between  the 
meridian  of  the  observer  and  a  vertical 
plane  through  the  star  observed;  also 
the  angle  between  the  planes  of  any  two 
geodesic  lines. 


ho 


A'zio  m. ;  (geogr.)  Actium. 

Azi6n-e  f.    (L.    actio);    \.    action. 

2.  (leg.)    action    or    right    of    action. 

3.  share  in  a  commercial  undertaking ; 
-i  a  portatore,  bearer  shares;  -i  nominali, 
registered  shares. 

*i.  =Trans_azione,  compromise,  ii.  accusation  in 
legal  form.  iii.  speech  of  an  advocate,  iv.  practice 
of  a  barrister,  v.  action  of  a  horse. 

Aff.  Azion-accia  fegg.,  -cilia  dim.,  -ista  share- 
>lder,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.  dirty  little  trick. 

Az6ieo  (Gr.  apriv.,  (<orj  life) ;  (geol.) 
without  fossils. 

Azbto  m.  (Fr.  azote  <Gr.  d  priv.^ 
£<oov,  animal)  ;  nitrogen. 

Aztdco;  Aztec. 

Azza  (Accia)/  (O.H.G.  Aacco,  Germ. 
Hacke,  passed  into  It.  through  Fr. 
hache) ;  battle-axe. 

Azzampato  (It.  zampa,  paw);  Bene 
or  Male  — ,  of  a  sporting  dog,  with  well 
or  badly  shaped  paws. 

Azzannare  (It.  zanna) ;  to  seize  with 
the  teeth,  or,  Jig.  of  a  tiresome  bore,  to 
fasten  on  to  (a  person). 

AJJ.  Azzann-amento,  -ata  a  bite,  -atura  the  place 
where  the  bite  was  given. 

Azzard-0  m.  (mlt.  ad  zardum,  from 
Arabic  zar,  a  die);  i.  hazard,  risk. 
2.  impudence.  Aff.  -are,  -oso. 

Azzarblo ;  =  Lazzarolo.  Melo  — , 
Neapolitan  medlar,  azarole,  a  species 
of  hawthorn,  Crataegus  azarolus. 

Azzeccare  (It.  zecca,  tick-insect; 
hence  lit.  to  fasten  upon) ;  i.  to  bestow 
(a  kick,  or  abusive  name) ;  Gli  azzecco 
il  titolo  di  ladro,  he  bestowed  upon  him 
the  title  of  thief.  2.  to  guess,  hit  the 
mark ;  L'  ha  azzeccata,  of  an  artist,  he 
has  hit  it  oflF;  Non  ne  azzecca  una,  he 
is  never  successful.  3.  to  obtain  as  it 
were  by  chance ;  Azzeccammo  una  giorn- 
ata  di  paradiso  quando  si  fece  quella 
passeggiata,  we  hit  upon  a  heavenly  day 
for  that  excursion.  4.  Prov.  O  ci  do, 
o  ci  azzecco,  I  get  into  it  somehow, 
i.e.  I  am  always  unlucky. 

Azzerblo,  v.  Azzarolo. 

*Azzic-are  or  -arsi  (Etym.  dub.);  to  be  only 
just  able  to  move. 

t  Azzigatarsi ;  to  scuffle. 

t  Azzillare  ;  tr.  or  intr.  to  raise,  or  jump  up, 
quickly. 

Azzima  /. ;  v.  Azzimo. 

Azzim-are  (Diez  derives  this  from 
Proveng.  azesmar,  It.  accismare,  which 
he  traces  to  L.  ad-aestimare  with  the 
meaning  of  preparing.  Schuchhardt  re- 
fers it  to  It.  Accimare,  mlt.  aczimare,  to 
take  the  nap  off  cloth) ;  to  smooth,  -arsi, 
to  tidy  oneself,  -ato,  foppishly  dressed. 

*i.    to  adorn,     ii.    to  whitewash  (offences). 

Azzimella  / ;  Passover  cake,  v. 
Azzimo. 

Azzimiiia  f. ;  intarsia  work,  metal 
inlaid  with  gold  or  silver  thread. 

A'zzimo  (Gr.  afufior,  a  priv.,  fvfii), 
ferment);  unleavened.  Gli -i,  the  Jewish 
Passover,  viz.  the  seven  days  following 
Easter. 


AZZIRONE— BACCHETTATA 


*j.    It   benedetto  — ,   the    Host.     ii.    hard,  indi- 
gestible,    iii.    foolish  (verses). 

*  Azzirone  m. ;  a  kind  of  large  spade. 

*  Azzitt-are  or  -ire  (It.  zitto);  to  quiet. 

*  Azzoll-are  (It.  zolla);  to  kill  (e.g.  a  snake)  with 
clods  of  earth,     -ato,  ashard  as  a  cln-I. 

*Azzonzare  (It.  azonzo);  to  lounge. 

Azzopp-ire    ind.    -isco     -ire)    (It. 
zoppo);  to  lame. 


+  Azzorare  ;  to  go  in  a  circle. 

Azzorre  m.;  (hot.)  Jasminum  Azori- 
cum. 

Azzuffarsi  (It.  zuffa) ;  to  scuffle. 

*Azzuffino  m.;  policeman. 

*Azzuolo    (mlt.    lazulus,     v.    Azzurro) ;    deep 
blue. 


Azzurro  (mlt.  lazur,  lazulus,  la- 
curium,  from  Persian  laziiard,  the  lapis 
lazuli  stone);  I.  azure  blue.  As  sb. : 
2.  —  di  Berlino,  Prussian  blue.  3.  — 
oltremare,  ultramarine  blue. 

AJf.  Azzurr-eggiare  to  be  blueish,  -iccio  dirty 
blue,  -ino  clear  blue,  -ognolo  blueish. 


B 


B  in. ;  pronounced  Bi.  Abbrevia- 
tions:—G.B.,  Giambattista.  B.,  Beato. 
B.A.,  Belle Arti.  B.M.,Buona  memoriaor 
Benemerente.  Somigliare  un  B.,  to  be  fat. 

*  Baba  ;  Apporre  alia  Baba,  or  al  B.A.  Ba,  to 
blame,  scold. 

t  Babaidla  f. ;  =  Bavaj-lio. 

Babano  m. :  an  insect  that  infests  olive  trees, 
t  Babao  ;  T.  Bausette. 

Babau  m. ;  (for  Baubau)  bogey. 

Babbabigi  m.;  7'.  Babbagigi. 
Babbaccio  m. ;  pfgg.   Babbo,  careless  father, 
•silly. 

*  Babbaccione  m. ;  scktrz.,  said  of  a  good  father. 

Babbagigi  or  Babbabigi  m. ;  (hot.) 
a  species  of  Oriental  rush  the  roots  of 
which  produce  edible  tubers  like  al- 
monds, Cyperus  esculentus ;  also  termed 
Dolzolimi,  Zizzole  terrestri,  Mandorla 
di  terra. 

BabbalA  or  Babbale ;  Alia  — ,  carelessly, 
anyhow. 

Babbaleo;  silly,  T.  Babbo. 

Babbalbcco  (It.  babbeo,  allocco); 
dull,  heavy. 

Babbano;=  Babbeo. 

Babble ;  foolish,  v.  Babbo. 
Babbfno  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Babbo. 

*  Babbio  ;=  Babbeo.     Una  ghignata  sul  — ,   a 
burst  of  silly  laughter,     t  As  si'.,  insulting  laugh. 

Babbione  m. ;  dolt,  v.  Babbo. 
Babbo  in. ;  father,  daddy. 

Etym.  Reduplicated  from  the  syllable  ba,  one 
of  the  first  uttered  by  babies,  as  papa  from  pa, 
cp.  E,  babe,  baby.  Or  it  may  be  from  L.  pappus, 
old  man,  Gr.  irairiros,  but  infantile  words  are  formed 
spontaneously  everywhere.  The  syllable  ba  took 
the  meaning  of  stammer,  and  from  it  were  formed 
L.  babulus.  It.  babbio,  babbione,  babbeo,  babbuasso, 
all  of  which,  meaning  orig.  stammering  old  man, 
have  come  to  mean  silly.  From  this  natural  sound 
ba  come  ba-l  and  ba-r,  as  in  balbo,  balbettare,  bar- 
bogio,  barbottare,  but  this  ba-r  is  not  to  be  confounded 
with  the  prefix  bar-,  v.  Bar- . 

*  Babboccio  m.  ;=  Bamboccio,  big  baby.     A  — , 
at  random. 

Babbole  f.  pi.  (v.  Babbo,  etym.);  nonsense. 

*  Babbolona  f.   adj.  \   origin  and   meaning  un- 
certain ;  it  is  -either  augm.  from  Babbo  in  sense  of 
huge,  or   else    is  connected  with    Imbambolare,  to 
move  to  tears,  and  means  pathetic. 

Babbori-vcggoli  or  -veggioli;  Andare  a — , 
to  die  (tit.  to  go  to  See-daddy-again). 

Babbuass-o  (v.  Babbo) ;  silly.  Aff. 
-Sggine. 

Babbiiccia  (Pappuccia) /.  (Persian 
papoch,  from  pa  foot,poch,  to  cover ;  this 
passed  into  Arabic,  thence  through 
Spanish  babuchas  into  Italian);  bedroom 
slipper. 

Babbuino  m. ;  baboon. 

Etynt.  Zambaldi  suggests  derivation  from  the 
syllable  ba,  v.  Babbo ;  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Baboon. 
Littri  derives  the  word  from  the  same  source  as 
Fr.  baHne,  lip  of  a  dog,  etc.,  viz.  the  word  b<if>f>r. 
snout,  belonging  to  the  old  German  dialects,  so  that 
the  primary  meaning  is  thick-lipped. 

H. 


*  Babbusco;  big. 

Babirussay^  (Malay  word,  according  to  Littre, 
meaning  pig-stag);  Abyssinian  hog,  Sits  babiritssa', 
the  animal,  however,  belongs  to  the  Malay  archi- 
pelago not  to  Abyssinia. 

Babdrdo  m.  (Germ.Backdord,  Dutch 
Hakboord,  from  Back,  forecastle,  and 
Bord,  side,  because  the  forecastle  in  the 
old  northern  ships  was  on  the  left  side)  ; 
(mar.)  i.  larboard,  port.  2.  Bastimento 
di  —  ,  or  di  basso  —  ,  frigate,  corvette, 
etc.,  with  only  one  tier  of  guns,  as 
opposed  to  Bastimento  di  alto  —  ,  two 
or  three  decker. 

Babusso  m.;  titlark,  v.  Pispola. 
tBaca/.;  pod. 

Bacaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  Baco. 
t  Bacaficu  m.;  v.  Gado  minuto. 

Bacai-o  m.  ,  -&/.',  dealer  in  silkworms. 

*  Bacalare  ;  v.  Baccalare. 

*  Bacalieri  ;  v.  Baccelliere. 

*  Bacamento  m.  ;  development  of  grubs  in  fruit. 

Bacare;  to  be  worm-eaten,  v.  Bacato. 

Bacarello  m.  ;  (tot.)  wild  service 
tree,  Pyrus  torminalis. 

•Bacarozzo  in.  ;  =  Malandrino,  ruffian. 

Bacatfccio  ;  i.  slightly  worm-eaten. 

2.  (pers.)  not  quite  well. 

Bacato  ;     i.     v.    Bacare.       2.     ill. 

3.  maggotty    (cheese).      4.     sceptical. 

*As  sb.,  good  yield  of  silk  from  the  silkworm. 

*  Bacatone  ;  taciturn,  recluse. 
Bacat-uccio;  dim.  of  -0(2). 


Bacca/  (L.);  berry. 

*i.   pearl,     ii.  =  Vacca,  cow.     ii 
*  Baccadeo  ;  of  Bagdad. 


Bacchante. 


Baccala  m.  (Dutch  kabeljau-w)  ; 
i.  dried  cod-fish.  2.  scherz.  sceptic. 

Baccalaraio  m.  ;  dealer  in  salt  cod. 

Baccalare  (Bacalare)  ///.  (v.  Baccelliere);  one 
who  thinks  himself  learned. 

*  i.  =  Baccala.    ii.  —  Baccelliere.    iii.  (mar.)  \r\pl.  , 
timbers  for  supporting  the  outside  platform  of  a  galley, 
T.  Posticcia  (ii,  b). 

*  Baccalaria/7;  stupidity. 

Baccalaro  /«.;  i.  attendant  on  a  cab-rank  at 
Florence,  y.  =  Baccala,  dried  cod. 

*  Baccale  ;  Bacchic. 

*  Baccaleria  f.  ;  i.  squirehood.     ii.  fussiness  of 
a  self-important  person. 

Baccan  in.  ;  (mar.  slang)  skipper. 

Baccanale  m.;  i.  feast  in  honour  of  Bacchus, 
or  any  Bacchanalian  orgy.  2.  (nuts.)  a  kind  of 
musical  composition  to  be  sung  without  accompani- 
ment. 

*  Baccanaria  /  ;  painting  of  a  Bacchanal  pro- 
cession. 

•Baccanella/.;  i.  uproar,     ii.  tavern. 

Baccano  m.;  i.  uproar.  2.  up- 
roarious assembly,  or  place  where  such 
are  held. 

BaccanteyC;  Bacchante. 
Baccara  (Bacchera)  f.  ;  (bot.)  birthwort,  As- 
artitn  Europaeum. 

*  Baccare  ;  to  revel. 

Baccarello  nt.  ;  (/><;/.)  =-  Sorbo  torminale,  wild 
service  tree. 

Baccarina/1;  (l>t>t.)  pigmy  cotton  rose,  Fitago 
pigniaea. 


*  Bacce  /.  pi. ;  Aver  le  — ,  to  be  very  busy. 

Bacc&lla  /. ;  silly  woman. 

Baccellaio  m. ;  bean  field.  Padrone 
del  — ,  scherz.  monarch  of  all  he  sur- 
veys. 

Baccell6tto  m. ;  I.  dim.  Baccello. 
2.  (arch.)  bean-shaped  ornament. 

Baccellierato  m. ;  bachelor's  degree. 
Baccellifere  in. ;  bachelor  of  arts. 

*  i.  scholar  who  has  completed  his  course,  ii.  squire 
to  a  knight,     iii.  peda_nt,  wiseacre. 

Etym.  The  Italian  word  was  formed  from  the 
Fr.  bachelier,  bit.  baccalarius,  cp.  E.  bachelor ;  the 
etymology  is  discussed  at  length  both  by  Littr6  and 
in  Murray's  English  Dictionary ;  the  primary  sense 
seems  to  have  been  that  of  "yeoman."  Littre  inclines 
to  a  Celtic  origin  for  the  word,  which  was  in  several 
of  the  Romance  languages  but  not  in  those  of  Italy, 
and  passed  into  Italian  from  French,  as  stated  above. 

Baccellina  f.  ;  (bat.)  dyer's  weed,  v.  Gines- 
trella. 

Baccellfno ;  (plant)  of  a  pod  bearing 
kind. 

Bacc611-0  m.  (Prod,  either  dim.  from 
L.  or  It.  bacca,  or  else  from  Arabic 
baqelah,  bean ;  see  also  infra,  2) ; 

1.  bean,  i.e.  pod  with  its  bean;  Essere 
tutto  fiori  e  -i  con  uno,  to  be  very  cordial 
to  him ;  Esser  fiori  e  -i,  to  be  in  ex- 
cellent health ;  prov.  Chi  ha  mangiato 
i  -i  spazzi  i  gusci,  he  who  has  eaten  the 
beans  should  sweep  up  the  pods,  i.e.  he 
who  has  had  the  enjoyment  of  something 
should  be  the  one  to  take  any  trouble 
necessary  to  put  things  straight  again; 
-i   dplci,   carob    beans,    v.    Carrubbio. 

2.  simpleton.     This  meaning  is  classed 
in  most  dictionaries  as  a  figurative  use, 
but  it  would  seem  more  natural  to  regard 
the  word   in  this  sense  as  originating 
from  L.  baceolus  =  Gr.  ftanrjKos,  stupid. 

Baccell-6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  of  -o, 
great  fool.  2.  as  at/J.,  Cacio  — ,  a  kind 
of  salt  cheese  which  is  eaten  with  beans. 

3.  Pisello  — ,  a  large  variety  of  pea. 

*  Baccheggiare  (It.  Bacco);  to  revel. 

Bacchera  _/?;  ?'   Baccara. 

Baccherini,  Bacchirini  ;«.  pi. ;  (bat.)  plough- 
man's spikenard,  Conyza  squarrosn,  also  termed 
Lingua  di  leone,  Tasso  fa'so. 

Baccherdne  in. ;  (bot.)  sea-rocket,  CakiUmari- 
tima,  also  termed  Ravastrella  maritima. 

Baccher6ni  m.  pi.  ;  (bot.)  pig-nuts,  Buttium 
bulbocastanum. 

Bacch6tt-a/  (dim.  Bacchio);  i.  rod, 
drum-stick,  ramrod,  stick  of  a  rocket, 
staff  of  office ;  (paint.}  mahl-stick ; 
Comandare  a  — ,  to  rule  with  severity; 
Passare  sotto  le  -e,  to  run  the  gauntlet. 
2.  holder  for  knitting-needles. 

Bacchettare  ind.  bacche'tto;    i.  to 
beat.     2.   —  una  cosa,  to  sell  it  cheap. 
Bacchettata  /  ;  blow  with  a  stick. 

9 


66 


BACCHETTINA— BADARILLE 


Bacchettina  /. ;  dim.  -vezz.  Bacchet- 
ta,  wand.  —  fatata,  fairy's  wand.  Aver 
la  —  fatata,  to  succeed  in  everything. 

Bacchettino  m. ;  dim.  Bacchetto. 

Bacche'tto  m. ;  stick,  somewhat 
larger  than  Bacchetta.  —  della  frusta, 
whip-handle. 

t  =  Bacchetta,  support  for  a  knitting-needle. 

Baccb.ett6n-e  m.,  -a/;  i.  ostenta- 
tiously religious  person.  The  term  is 
derived  from  a  long  bacchetta  or  rod 
with  which  the  priest  used  to  touch  the 
penitent  at  confession.  2.  cleaning-rod 
of  a  gun.  AJf.  -a.cc\o  pegg.,  -cello  dim. 

Bacchetton-eriay:,  -ismo  m.;  v.  -one. 
Bacchiare ;  to  knock  down,  v.  Abbacchiare. 
*  to  kill. 

Bacchiata/;  i.  blow  with  a  stick. 
2.  Jig.  serious  illness  and  consequent 
expense  or  loss. 

Bacchigli6ne;  a  river  of  N.  Italy  which  runs 
through  Vicenza. 

Bacchilldne  m.  (Gr.  /3ao;Aos,  eunuch 
priest  of  Cybele) ;  great  good  for  nothing 
fellow. 

Bacchio  »i.  (L.  baculus) ;  stick,  club. 
Prendere  al  — ,  to  take  without  examina- 
tion. 

*  i.    young    lamb.      ii.    in    un    bacchip    baleno, 
instantly,     tiii.    limed  twig  for  snaring  birds. 

Bacchirini ;  v.  Baccherini. 
tBaccinay:;=yitella,  calf. 
*Baccinow.;  i.  =  Bacino.     ii.  =Vaccino.     iii.   a 
vain  and  presumptuous  person. 
Bacciola :  •;•.  Baccola. 
Bacco  «.'.;  Bacchus. 

ti.  stepping-stone  over  a  stream,  or  gap  from  stone 
to  stone,  or  the  jump  necessary  to  pass  it.  ii.  a  very 
long  step. 

Baccola,  Bacciola  or  Bacola  (Ba- 
gole,  Bagule)/;  (hot.)  bilberry,  Vac- 
cinium  myrtillus,  usu.  Mirtillo  di 
macchia,  also  termed  Piuri  (near  the 
Baths  of  Lucca)  and  Zuzain  (in  Lom- 
bardy). 

Bacheca  f.  (Prob.  from  L.  bacca, 
pearl,  with  a  termination  borrowed  from 
Biblioteca,  Pinacoteca,  etc.);  i.  jewel- 
ler's show-case.  2.  any  case  of  small 
value ;  Jig.  person  of  no  account. 

|Bacheray:;  =  Piattola,  black-beetle. 

Bacherello  m. ;  dim.  Baco,  grub. 

*  Bacheriay".;  place  for  rearing  silkworms. 

Bacher-bzzo,  -bzzolo  m. ;  grub,  esp. 
for  fishing  with.  Tirar  a  tutt'  i  -i,  i.e. 
to  make  every  possible  profit. 

*  Bachicco  ;  11.  Bechico. 

Bacb.icoltu.ra/ ;  silkworm  breeding. 

*  Bachiero  ;  (med.)  vermifuge. 
tBachiocco  m. ;  -  Baciocco,  blockhead. 

Baciabass-o  m. ;  deep  bow  with  a 
kiss  on  the  hand ;  fig.  humiliation.  Far 
-i,  to  humiliate  oneself. 

Baciamano  m. ;  i.  kissing  the  hand. 
2.  salute  by  bending  in  the  fingers  and 
then  extending  them  towards  the  person 
saluted. 

Baciapile  m.  (lit.  kisser  of  the  holy 
water  vessel)  or  *Baciapolvere  (kisser 
of  dust  on  church  floors)  ;  hypocrite. 

Baci-are  (Basciare)  (L.  basinre);  to 

kiss.       -  basso,  to  be  very  respectful. 

-  co'  denti,  to  inflict  an  injury  with  a 


show  of  friendship.  —  il  fiasco,  to  take 
a  deep  drink.  —  il  chiavistello,  to  kiss 
the  door-bolt,  i.e.  (a)  to  discontinue 
visiting  a  house,  or  (b)  to  turn  a  person 
out  of  one's  house.  Rima  -ata,  rhyme 
between  consecutive  lines.  Non  da- 
rebbe  un  Cristo  a  — ,  i.e.  he  is  very 
avaricious.  Bocca  -ata  non  perde  ven- 
tura,  i.e.  kissing  leaves  no  mark.  A 
bocca  or  A  man  -ata,  with  the  utmost 
readiness.  A  — ,  (mar.)  in  contact. 

Baciasanti  m. ;  bigot,  devotee. 

Baciatura  /. ;  kissing-crust. 

Bacicci  m.\  (hot.)  i.  salt-wort,  v.  Salicornia(2). 
2.  =  Erba  di  S.  Pietro,  samphire,  v.  Erba  (132  a). 
Baciglio  m. ;  (£0f.)=  Bacicci  (2). 

*  Bacigno  7«.;=Bacio,  kiss. 
*Bacile  HI.  ;=Bacino,  basin. 

Bacillo  w  ;  bacillus.     *small  stick. 

Bacinella  /;  i.  copper  kitchen- 
vessel.  2.  (cAem.)  evaporating  bath. 

*  Bacinetta_/;  v.  Bacinella. 

Bacine'tto  ?«. ;  i.  steel  cap.  2.  pan 
of  a  flint-lock  musket.  3.  (anat.)  pelvis 
of  the  kidney. 

Bacfno  m.  (A)  (Celtic  hoc,  cavity); 

1.  basin.     2.  (ana/.)  pelvis.     3.   (mar.) 
—  a  forma,  =  Forma,  dry  dock.   4.  (mus.) 
cymbal.     5.    —  oculare,  small  cup  for 
washing  the  eye.     6.    fire-room,  inner 
space  of  a  furnace.     7.    instrument  for 
blinding,   v.    Abbacinare.     8.    lock   or 
sluice-chamber.     9.  scale  of  a  balance. 
10.  name  of  two  stars  in  Libra. 

(B);  dim.  Bacio,  kiss. 

Bacio  m.  (A)  (L.  basium);  kiss. 
Mandare  un  — ,  to  blow  a  kiss.  Bacio 
bacio,  kiss  of  two  balls  at  bowls.  —  alia 
francese,  pinching  the  cheek  between 
the  first  and  second  fingers. 

(B)  Bado  (\y\t.**opacivus);  with  a 
northern  aspect,  shady. 

t  Bac  i6cco  HI.  ;  good-natured  fool, 
t  Bacioccolo  in. ;  i.  a  sort  of  rustic  cymbal  used 
in  Tuscany,     ii.  in//.,  kitchen  vessels, 
t  Baciolo  m. ;  bass  fish,  v.  Labrace. 

Baci6ne  m. ;  augm.  Bacio,  kiss. 
Bacibzzo  m. ;  hearty  kiss. 
Baciucchi-are ;  to  give  many  kisses. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Baciucchio  in. ;  much  kissing.  Baciucchio, 
v.  Baciucco. 

Baciucco  or  -ucchio  in. ;  sea  samphire,  pickled  ; 
v.  Bacicci  (2). 

Bacp  m.  (A)  (bit.  bacius,  short  for 
bombacius <  Gr.  /3o/<0v£,  silkworm);  i. 
grub  of  any  moth  or  butterfly,  esp.  the 
silkworm ;  Mettere  i  bachi,  to  hatch  the 
eggs;  Andar  i  bachi  alia  frasca  or  In- 
frascare  i  — ,  when  they  go  to  make 
their  cocoons ;  —  morto,  the  chrysalis 
after  the  cocoon  has  been  unwound. 

2.  in  pi.,  intestinal  worms.     3.  grub  in 
fruit;    —  Gianni,  a  name  given  to  a 
grub    in    pears    or    cherries.     4.    fad. 
5.   Non  avere  i  bachi,  Jig.  pop.,  to  be 
jolly ;  Con  questo  solleone  una  villetta 
sul  lago  di  Como  non  avrebbe  i  bachi, 
it  would  be  jolly  to  have  a  cottage  on 
lake  Como  now  in  this  heat.     6.   Aver 
il  — ,  or  Esserci  il  —  con  uno,  to  have 
a   secret  dislike  for  him.     7.    twist  of 
paste   as   an  ornament  for  Ciambelle, 
buns. 


*(B);=Bacco.  La  citta  di  — ,  Thebes.  t(C) 
(fogn.  Fr.  bact  ferry-boat,  also  vat,  Dutch  bac,  tray, 
v,  Skeat,  sub  Bight,  Bow) ;  canal  boat,  also  termed 
(at  Leghorn)  Beco. 

tBacoccay^;=Albicocca,  apricot. 

*  Ba-coccio  or  -cocco  m.  \  fool. 
tBacochey;  ^/.;  =  Albicocche,  apricots. 

Bacola  f.\  v.  Baccola,  bilberry. 

Bacolino  m. ;  dim.  Baco.  Obsolete,  except  in 
the  phrase  L1  amarino  ammazza  il  — t  lit.  bitter  kills 
grubs,  i.e.  a  bitter  tonic  cures  little  ailments. 

*  Bacolo  HI.  ;  v.  Baculo. 
Bacologiayl;  science  of  silkworm  culture. 
Bacol-ogico,  -ogo  ;  v.  Bacologia. 

*  Bacoso ;  vermifuge. 

*  Bacucco  m. ;  a  kind  of  wrapper  for  covering 
the  face,  v.   Imbacuccare. 

'Bacuccola  f.;  hazel-nut. 

*  Baculo  or  Bacolo  in.  (L.  bacuhis);   i.    small 
stick,    ii.  (fee/.)  staff,    iii.  measuring-rod,    iv.  staff, 
or  pin,  of  a  Balestriglia. 

Bada/  ;  v.  Badare.  Stare  orTenere 
a  — ,  to  be,  or  keep  waiting,  esp.  to 
keep  a  possible  enemy  from  taking 
action. 

*i.  delay.  Tenersi  a  — ,  to  delay,  ii.  A  —  di, 
under  the  charge  of.  iii.  v.  Abada. 

*  Badag^io  m. ;  state  of  expectation. 

*  Bada-hchio,  -lisco  m. ;  ».  Basilisco. 

*  Badaloccare  ;  v.  Badaluccare. 

Badaldne  m.  (It.  badare.  The  orig. 
sense  was  "lounger,"  from  which  the  ad- 
jectival meaning  of  "large"  would  seem 
to  have  been  derived;  the  word  may  then 
have  come  to  be  used  forchurch  reading- 
desk  on  account  of  its  size) ;  reading- 
desk  in  the  churches  of  Florence. 

*As  adj. :  i.  —  Perdigiorni,  do-nothing,  ii.  fine 
and  large,  iii.  a  variety  of  fig.  iv.  Andare  or 
Mandare  al  — ,  i.e.  to  the  devil. 

Badaluccare  (etym.  unkn.  •  possibly 
a  metathesis  oi**badaculare,  dim.  of  bit. 
badare,  or  <  It.  badare -falloccare,  the 
orig.  meaning  having  been  "to  look  at," 
whence  the  sb,  Badalucco  was  derived. 
The  verb  in  the  sense  of  skirmishing 
seems  then  to  have  been  formed  from 
the  sb.  in  its  secondary  sense);  i.  to 
skirmish.  2.  to  stand  gaping. 

*  to  besiege,  assault. 

*  Badalucc-p  >«.  ;  (v.  -are)  i.  amusement,  toy. 
'.i.    skirmish,     iii.    Tenere  a  — ,=Tenere  a  bada,  to 
amuse,  i.e.  to  keep  waiting,  keep  (the  enemy)  doing 
nothing. 

Badanai,  Badananai  or  Badanaio, 
also  Tananai  m. ;  great  noise  of  people 
chattering,  similar  to  that  made  by  Jews 
praying  in  a  synagogue  with  constant 
repetition  of  the  word  Adonai,  Lord, 
the  B  or  T  being  a  loose  popular  prefix. 

Bad-are  or  pop.  Abbadare  (etym. 
hazy,  v.  infra  Baia,  and  Littre",  sub 
Bayer);  i-  to  look  at  attentively,  to 
pay  attention,  to  look  after.  2.  to  do 
nothing,  stand  gaping.  3.  Bada  da- 
vanti !  scherz.  of  a  beautiful  thing ;  Un 
vestito  bada  davanti !  a  lovely  dress. 
4.  Badare  a  fare,  stare,  mangiare,  ecc., 
to  keep  on  doing,  persist  in  remaining, 
keep  on  eating,  etc.  5.  Fin'  a  —  a  ire, 
for  a  long  time;  Ma  quanto  durerk 
questa  storia?  Ce  ne  sark  fin' a  —  a  ire, 
how  long  is  this  story  going  to  last? 
Oh,  it  will  go  on  for  a  long  time.  6.  -arsi 
da,  to  be  careful  about,  i.e.  watchful 
against.  Similarly  -arsi,  to  be  careful 
not  to.  Mi  badero  bene,  usu.  Guardero, 
di  fargli  certe  confidenze,  there  are  some 
delicate  points  which  I  will  be  careful 
not  to  mention  to  him. 

t  Badarille  /.  //. ;  the  card  game  of  Minchiate. 


*  Badatore  m.  ;  i.  loiterer.  ii.  in  partridge 
shooting,  man  posted  on  high  ground  to  watch 
where  the  birds  settle. 

Badatura  / ;  watching  vineyards  at 
night. 

tBadendolare;  i.  =  Tenere  a  bada,  v.  Bada. 
n.  to  waste  time  on  trifles.  iii.  to  deceive  by 
fair  words. 

'Baderella/:;  idler,  waster  of  time. 

•Baderlay?;  silly  coquette. 

tBaderlare  ;  to  loiter,  to  trifle. 

Baddrna/  ;  I.  (mar.)  sennit,  a  braid 
of  "foxes,"smallstrandsof  rope,  wrapped 
round  a  cable  at  points  where  it  is 
subject  to  friction.  2.  tow  or  rags 
placed  round  a  piston  to  make  it  fit 
exactly,  packing,  gasket. 

Badernare ;  to  keckle,  v.  Baderna. 

Bad^ssa  (Abadessa,  Abbadessa)  / 
(L.  abbatissa,  v.  Abbate);  abbess.  Stare 
a  — ,  to  be  comfortable.  Fare  a  — ,  to 
take  the  lead. 

Ba,dfa  (Abadia,  Abbadia)  /  (mlt. 
abbatia);  \.  monastery,  esp.  Benedictine. 
2-  fig-i  well-furnished  house.  3.  the 
name  of  a  street  in  Florence.  4.  - 
a  spazzavento,  unfurnished  house. 
5.  (mar.)  open  roadstead. 

..  *'•  Andar  alia  —  d'  Alticaggi,  =Cascare,  to  fall. 
M.  —  de  mercanti  cambiatori  a  Milano,  the  meeting- 
place  of  the  bankers'  guild. 

Badiale ;  /am.  or  scherz.  large. 

*  Badiano  m. ;  i.   watcher  of  sheep  or  cattle, 
n.    person   living    in    the    parish    of   a    monastery, 
in.  (&>/.)  =  Anace  stellato,  star  anise,  v.  Anace. 

tBadigia./;  golden  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (i) 
*Badigliare;  =  Sbadigliare,  to  yawn. 

Badfle  m.  (mlt.  batillus  =  L.  vatillum, 
cp.  E.  battels);  shovel. 

•Badino  m.\  (wzar.)  =  SpalIiera  a  poppa  della 
galea,  first  bench  for  rowers,  nearest  the  stern 

*  Badio ;  ?/.  Baio,  bay  (horse). 

*  Baeria  /.  ;=  Boria,  vanity. 
tBafarella/;-Pisolino,  nap. 

Baff-a ;  a  word  without  meaning  used  for  the 
rhyme  in  the  prov.  Quel  che  vien  di  ruffe  raffa  se 
ne  va  di  bufla  in  baffa,  i.e.  ill-gotten  gains  do  not 
prosper.  Aff.  -are,  to  sweep  away. 

Baff-accio  m.,  pegg.,  -ettino  m.,  dim.  vezz., 
-etto  or  -mo  m.,  dim.;  v.  Baffo. 

Baff-o  m.  (etym.  unknown ;  it  may 
be  from  the  same  source  as  Babuino  or 
as  Beffa,  q. v.);  moustache.  The  term  is 
also  applied  to  a  long  blot  of  ink,  or  a 
fancy  decoration  of  like  shape,  in  a 
book.  Co'  -i,  excellent.  Un  abito 
proprio  co'  -i,  a  really  tip-top  coat. 
Ridere  sotto  i  -i,  i.e.  to  laugh  in  one's 
sleeve,  -i  di  topo,  short  and  scanty 
moustaches. 

Baffdna  / ;  woman  with  a  not  un- 
pleasing  moustache. 

Baffone  m. ;  man  with  big  mous- 
taches. 


BADATORE— BAIA 


Bagaiay:;  pop.  for  Biancospino,  hawthorn. 

Bagascia  / ;  strumpet. 

Etym.  dub.  The  suggestions  are  (i)  Arabic 
liAger,  shameful,  or  tagt,  prostitute,  (2)  a  Celtic 
word  such  as  Welsh  baches,  female,  (3)  bit.  baga, 
bundle,  with  the  termination  acca.  Cp.  Fr.  bagasse, 
Span,  bagasa. 

*  Bagascio  m. ;  paramour. 
Bagattell-a/;  bagatelle,  trifle. 

*i.  sleight  of  hand  trick,  ii.  in  pi.,  conjuring 
apparatus,  iii.  Far  le  -e,  to  amuse  oneself. 

Elym.  dub.  Diez  takes  it  to  be  a  dim.  < 
Parmesan  bagata,  a  little  property,  and  this  to  be 
formed  from  the  Lombard  baga,  wine-skin  akin 
to  E.  bag,  v.  Baga  (B). 

*  Bagattellare ;  =  Scherzare,  to  jest. 
•Bagattelleriay:;  trifling  ornamentation. 
"Bagattelliere  m. ;  juggler. 
*Bagattello  m.;  a  small  four-wheeled  carriage. 

Bagattin-o  m.;  i.  a  small  Venetian  copper 
coin ;  Pagar  di  -i,  to  go  away  without  paying, 
n.  worthless  person. 

Bagatto  m. ;  pop.  for  Bagolaro,  nettle-tree. 
+  Bagatt6ne  in.  ;  =  Voltafaccia,  turncoat. 

Baggdo  (a  derivative  of  Ba  in  the 
sense  of  stammering,  v.  Babbo) ;  simple, 
silly. 

'Baggiana  f. ;   i.   large  bean.     ii.  =  Fandonia, 
lie.     in.    in  //.,  deceitful  promises. 
Baggianata./;  silly  action. 

Baggiano  m.  (strengthened  form  of 
Baggeo);  blockhead. 

Baggiolo  in.  (L.  bajulus,  porter); 
block  placed  under  marble,  or  stone 
slabs  when  arranged  for  storage  or 
transport. 

Bagher    or    Baghero    m.    (Germ. 
Wagen);  carriage. 
*  Baghero  m. ;  i.q.  Bagattino,  farthing. 

Bagherdne  m. ;  a  copper  coin,  worth 
about  two  pence. 


•  Baga  /.   (A)  (Fr.    bague,    <  L.    bacca,    pearl, 
v.   Littre,  sub  Bogus) ;  jewel. 

(B)  (mlt.  baga,  wine-skin,  of  Celtic  origin,  cp. 
Gael,  bag,  bundle,  A.S.  baelg,  bag,  Gothic  balgs, 
pouch,  E.  bag) ;  water-skin. 

•  Bagaglia  /.  ;  i.  =  Bagaglio.     ii.   inX=Cara- 
battolc    one's  belongings.     t=Spurghi  di  minerale, 
mineral  refuse. 

Bagagli-fcre  or  -6ne  m. ;  baggage- 
master. 

Bagaglio  m.  (mlt.  baga,  v.  Baga,  B); 
baggage. 

Bagagliume  m. ;  spreg.  collection  of 
trunks. 


gi;  (mar.)  Far  bige  — ,  to  yaw, 
deviate  from  the  course. 

tBagianay;;  freshly  shelled  bean. 
•Bagio  »/.;=Bacio,  kiss. 
tBagioggiolare;=Barcollare,  to  totter. 
t  Bagiogio  m. ;  tottering. 
Bagli  ,„.;  v.  Bali. 

Bagliatura  /  ;  —  dei  ponti,  (mar.)  deck- 
framing. 

BagliStti  nt.  pi. ;  (mar.)  the  smaller  beams  that 
pass  between  the  principal  ones  and  with  them  serve 
to  support  the  deck ;  also,  the  beams  that  carry  the 
poop  deck. 

Bagl-io  m. ;  (mar.)  one  of  the  beams 
spanning  a  ship  transversely  that  carry 
the  planking  of  the  deck.  —  a  T  con 
tondino  (bulbo),  beam  of  bulbed  T  iron. 

—  a  T  doppio,  H  iron  beam.  —  tubo- 
lare,  box  beam.  -  maestro,  midship 
beam,  -i  di  batteria,  main-deck  beams. 

-  di  frontale  del  casseretto,  breast 
beam  of  the  poop,  -i  di  coperta  di 
manovra,  awning  or  hurricane  deck 
beams,  -i  di  stiva  inferiore,  orlop 
beams. 

Baglionato;  (herald.)  of  an  animal,  with  a 
stick  or  bone  in  its  mouth. 


67 

ill.  -arsi,  to  bathe,  -ato,  wet.  -ato  e 
cimato,  crafty  and  astute  person,  pre- 
pared at  all  points;  the  metaphor  is 
from  the  damping  and  shearing  which 
are  the  final  stages  in  the  manufacture 
of  cloth.  Piovere  sul  -ato,  i.e.  to  have 
trouble  on  trouble. 

•Cavaliere  -ato,  i.  Knight  of  the  Order  of  the 
Bath.  n.  one  knighted  with  all  due  ceremony, 
including  a  ceremonial  washing  of  the  face. 

Bagnarrena/;  sand-bath;  cp.  Bagnomaria. 

Bagnasciiiga/  ;  (mar.)  i.  motion  of 
the  ship  placing  the  water  line  now 
under  water  and  now  out  of  it.  2.  water 
line. 

Bagnata  / ;  a  dip  in  the  water. 

Bagnatura  /.;  i.  course  of  baths. 
2.  bathing  season. 

tBagneggio  or  Bagnio  «;.;  =  Acquitrino,  bog. 

_  Bagn-o  m.  (L.  balneus,  <  Gr.  /3aXa- 
vf'iov,  bath ;  the  sense  of  prison  is  from 
a  bath  establishment  at  Constantinople 
which  was  converted  into  a  prison); 
i.  bath,  bathing,  bathing-place.  2.  con- 
vict prison;  --  galleggiante,  convict 
hulk.  3.  Ridurre  in  —  un  metallo,  to 
melt  it  in  a  furnace.  Aff.  -e"tto  dim. 
Bagndlo  (-uolo)  m. ;  hot  fomentation. 
Bagnomaria/  (L. balneum  Mariae); 
"bain  Marie"  pan,  an  apparatus  for 
heating  a  thing  by  immersing  the  vessel 
containing  it  in  boiling  water. 

Bagnoregio;  now  Bagnorea,  near  Orvieto 
D.  Par.  12.  128. 

Bagnucchiare  ;  freg.  of  Bagnare. 

Bagnuolo  ,,,;  i.  =  Bagnolo.  ii.  =  Fusa  torte, 
horns  of  a  cuckold. 

Bagola  f-  i.  the  fruit  of  the  Bagolaro. 
2.  =  Baccola,  bilberry. 

Bagolaro  m. ;  (bat.)  nettle-tree,  Celtis  anstralis 
also  termed  Arcidiavolo,  Bagatto,  Fragiracolo  Fras- 
signolo,  Giracolo,  Legno  da  racchette,  Perlaro  meri- 
dionale,  Spaccasassi.  It  resembles  an  elm,  but  bears 
a  small  sweet  fruit. 


Bagole  /  //.  ; 
plant. 


Baccola,    bilberry 


Bagli6re  (Abbagliore)  m. ;  dazzling 
flash.  —  dei  ghiacci,  ice-blink. 

Etym.  unkn.  Among  many  suggested  deriva- 
tions the  least  improbable  is  perhaps  that  of  corrup- 
tion from  a  form  **  bar-lucore,  from  luce  with  the 
prefix  bar,  v.  Bis,  as  in  Barlume,  so  that  the  orig. 
meaning  would  be  "uncertain  light." 
*Baglioso;  =  Gagliardo,  bold. 

Bagnai61-o  /«.,  -a/ ;  bath  attendant. 

Bagn-are;  to  wet;  of  the  sea,  etc., 
to  wash  (the  shore).  Of  a  delicate  per- 
son ;  Ogni  acqua  lo  bagna,  every  shower 
wets  him,  i.e.  the  least  thing  makes  him 


t  Bagolino  m.  •  worthless,  untrustworthy  person. 

Bagordare  imi.  bagordo  (Bigordare, 
Biordare);  to  revel  riotously,  v.  Bagordo. 

t  *i.  to  joust  in  a  tournament,  ii.  to  go  out 
riding  smartly  dressed  and  armed  for  amusement 
and  display. 

Bagordo  m.  •  tavern,  meeting-place 
of  riotous  revellers. 

*  i.  spear  or  other  weapon,  the  throwing  of  which 
constituted  one  of  the  contests  at  a  tournament. 
n.  tournament  where  the  bagordo  was  thrown. 

Etym.  mlt.  bu/urdum<U.H.G.  hart,  target 
for  throwing  a  spear  or  some  such  weapon,  with  a 
prefix  which  may  have  referred  to  the  weapon 
thrown.  More  immediate  derivatives  are  seen  in 
O.Fr.  bouhour  and  Proven9.  beiort.  The  original 
meaning  therefore  is  as  specified  above,  (i)  and  (ii), 
from  the  latter  of  which  the  present  use  of  the  word 
was  developed. 

Biigule  /.}!.;  =  Baccola,  bilberry  plant. 

Bai  ;  only  m  the  phrase  Senza  dire  ne  ai  ne  bai 
without  saying  a  word. 

Bai-a/;  i.  bay,  gulf.  2.  trifle,  jest  ; 
E  una  —  ,  non  la  creda,  it  is  only  a  little 
joke,  do  not  believe  it.  3.  ridicule, 
chaff;  Mi  accorgo  che  Lei  vuole  la  — 
de'  fatti  miei,  I  see  you  want  to  laugh 
at  me  ;  Dare  la  —  ,  to  chaff. 

*i.  merry  meeting;  Esser  sulle  le  -e,  to  be 
playful;  Far  le  -e,  to  play;  Far  le  -e  ad  uno,  to 
chaff  him.  ii.  Metter  in  —  ,  to  hold  up  to  contempt. 
tiii.  (mar.)  tub,  bucket  ;  —  di  combattimento,  tub 
ready  for  putting  out  the  beginning  of  a  fire  or  tub 
of  ammunition  for  the  guns  ;  —  di  scandaglio,  tub 
containing  the  sounding  line  and  lead. 

9—2 


68 


BAIACCIA— BALESTRIERE 


Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  bate,  Span,  and  Provet^. 
bahia,  bay,  Basque  bay  a,  bay  (whence  bay-ona,  a 
good  harbour,  the  source  of  the  name  of  the  city 
of  Bayonne),  Dutch  baye,  and  in  the  sense  of  jest 
Span,  and  Portug.  vaya,  Fr.  baie.  Baia,  bay,  is 
the  late  L.  baia,  harbour  ;  Isidore  (6th  century)  has 
"  ffittic  portuin  iieteres  a  hajulandis  tnercibus  voca~ 
bant  baia"  this  port  received  the  name  of  bay  from 
the  transport  of  merchandise  ;  an  etymology  which 
is  not  very  convincing.  The  term  may  perhaps  have 
originated,  as  Littr6  thinks,  from  the  name  of  the 
city  of  Uaiii:  near  Naples,  this  being  afterwards 
generalised  to  mean  any  harbour.  The  origin  of 
the  word  in  the  sense  of  jest  is  also  unknown,  but 
is  probably  from  the  imitative  syllable  ba  and  akin 
to  Fr.  bnyer  and  Ital.  badare,  <  late  Latin  badeire,  a 
word  given  by  Isidore  as  meaning  "  to  yawn"  ;  it  also 
appears  as  battare\  li Battat  geonath"  is  a  gloss  in 
the  Corpus  Glossary  of  Latin  and  Anglo-Saxon  ; 
geonath  is  early  A.S.  for  "  he  yawns.'  On  this 
shewing  Baia  would  represent  the  gaping  produced 
by  the  jester  in  his  hearer,  "  parce  que  celui  qui  donne 
une  baie  fait  bayer  celui  qui  la  re<joit"  (Littre).  In 
the  phrases  Voler  la  baia  and  so  on,  the  word  would 
rather  seem  to  be  connected  with  Abbaiare,  which 
takes  us  back  again  to  the  syllable  ba  by  a  different 
route.  Baia,  in  the  marine  sense  of  tub,  is  no  doubt 
akin  to  Fr.  bayer,  to  gape,  so  that  the  original  sense 
would  be  "yawning  cavity." 

*Baiaccia/;/^|-.  Baia. 
Baiaccone;  ?'.  Baioccone. 

Baiadera  f,  (Portug.  bailadeira,  dancer,  < 
Portug.  bailar,  to  dance,  v.  Ballare) ;  Indian  female 
dancer. 

t  Baianella  f.;  a  grape  and  wine  of  Elba. 

Baiante  ;;/.  (It.  baio);  EH'  e  tra  — 
e  Ferrante,  it  lies  between  the  pair  of 
them  (lit.  between  dark  bay  and  rusty 
brown),  said  of  a  pair  of  equally  matched 
disputants  or  equally  untrustworthy 
rogues.  A  more  usual  expression  with 
the  same  meaning  is  Da  galeotto  a 
marinaro. 

*  Baiardino  m.\  Fare  il  — ,  to  play  the  bravo. 

*  Baiardo  m.\  i,    the  name  of  Rmaldo's  horse, 
ii.    high-spirited   horse,      iii.    as   adj.,    flighty,   ca- 
pricious. 

*  Baiare  ;  — Abbaiare,  to  bark. 

Baiata  / ;  hooting  or  whistling  in 
disapproval. 

*i.  uproar,     ii.  jest.    iii.  trifle,     iv.  speech  with- 
out head  or  tail. 

*  Baiella  f. ;  an  old  coin  of  various  kinds. 
*Baietta_/;  i.  dim.  Baia.     ii.  a  kind  of  light 

black  cloth  for  mourning. 

Baiett6ne  in.  (It.  baio,  dark  red); 
lining  cloth. 

*  Baila,  or  *  Bailiay~.;=  Balia,  nurse. 
Bailamme  w.  (Turkish  bairam} ;  up- 
roar, v.  Biliemme. 

*BaiIare;  to  educate. 

*  Bailire  ;—  Balire,  to  wield. 

*  Bailo  tn.  (L.  bajnlus,  porter,  as  it  were  carrier 
of  children,  v.    Skeat,   sub   Bail,   Bailiff);    i.    tutor, 
administrator,      ii.    title  of  various  officials,  esfi.  of 
the   Venetian   ambassadors    in   Turkey  and    Syria, 
iii.    Gran  — ,  an  office  in  the  Byzantine  court. 

Bain^ttay".;  pop.  for  Baionetta. 

Baio  (L.  hadins,  it.  Skeat,  sub  Bay); 
bay  (horse).  *dark  (cloth). 

Baibcco  m.  (so  called  from  its  colour, 
T>.  Baio);  i.  a  copper  coin  of  the  old 
Papal  States,  about  a  halfpenny.  2.  fig. 
worthless  person. 

Baiocc6ne  tn.;  fool. 

Bai6ne  m.  (It.  baia)  ;  i.  wag. 
2.  augm.  of  Baia,  jest.  3.  Fare  il  —  a 
uno,  to  exclaim  at  him,  esp.  at  a  child 
for  some  piece  of  naughtiness.  4.  (mar.) 
the  jaws  of  a  dredging  apparatus. 

Baionetta  f.  (from  the  town  of  Bayonne  where 
bayonets  were  first  made,  about  1650) ;  bayonet. 
—  in  canna,  with  fixed  bayonet.  Baionett  cann!, 
fix  swords!.  Crociat  ett  (for  Baionett)!,  charge 
swords!.  Levatt  ett!,  unfix  swords!. 
tPatir  la  — ,  to  suffer  hunger. 

Baionettata  f. ;  stab  with  a  bayonet. 

*  Baire ;  —  Sbigottirsi,  to  lose  courage,  t>.  Sbaire. 


*  Baioso ;  waggish. 
*Baiuca^;  silliness. 
*Bai-uccia  or  -ucola_/!;  dim.  Baia. 
*Baiul-are;  to  carry.     *-ia./;  area  of  a  lord's 

or  prelate's  jurisdiction.     *-O  /«.;  porter.    (L.  baju- 
lus.) 

*Baiu-ola,  *-zza;  dims,  of  Baia. 

Balacaro  m. ;  =  Baccalaro,  cab  at- 
tendant 

*  Balagio  m. ;  =  Balascio,  ruby. 

*  Balance  m.or  *  Balandra/l  ;  =  Palandra. 
Balanino  ;«.;  i.  nut-weevil,  Balaninus.     2,  as 

adj.,  olio  — ,  oil  of  ben,  v.  Balano  (2). 

Balano  m.  (L.);  i.  sea-acorn,  Le&as,  a  family 
of  Crustacea,  order  Cirripedia.  z.  (bot.)  horse-radish 
tree,  Moringa  pterygosperma,  which  furnishes  the 
oil  of  ben  used  by  watchmakers.  3.  (anat.)  glans 
Penis. 

Balanofora  f.\  (bat.)  a  parasitic  plant,  order 
Balanopltoraceae ;  some  species  have  been  used  as 
styptics. 

Balascio  or  Balasso  (Balagio,  Ba- 
lastro)  m.  (mlt.  balascius,  from  the  Per- 
sian name  of  the  place  where  the  stone 
is  found,  near  Samarcand) ;  a  pale 
variety  of  ruby. 

*  Balastro  «/.;  v.  Balascio. 

*  Balatro  m.\  =  Baratro,  abyss. 
*Balaust-a  or  *  Balaustra  _/,   -ia  f.,   -o  m. 

(Gr.  /SaAauoTtoi') ;  the  dried  flower  of  the  wild  pome- 
granate. 

Balaustrata  /  (Gr.  ^aXavortov, 
pomegranate  flower,  ornaments  of  para- 
pets having  been  made  in  imitation 
thereof);  i.  balustrade.  2.  breastwork. 
3.  (mar.)  —  delle  coffe,  top  fences. 

'Balaustrato  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Balaustrata.  ii.  as 
adj.,  provided  with  a  balustrade. 

Balaiistro  m.  •  i.  baluster.  2.  small 
balustrade. 

•Balbare;  i.  =Vagire,  to  cry.  ii.  to  stammer, 
7'.  Babbo. 

Balbett-are  ind.  balWtto  (L.  bal- 
butire  <  balbus,  stammering,  of  imit. 
origin) ;  to  stammer.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -10 
constant  stammer. 

Balbo  (L.  balbus,  root  ba,  strength- 
ened to  bal  and  doubled,  v.  Babbo); 
stammering. 

Balbuzi-e  /  ;  a  stammer.  Aff. 
-ente,  v.  Balbo. 

tBalco  m.  (variant  of  Palco) ;  i.  hay-loft, 
ii.  =  Posatoio,  perch. 

Balconcino  m. ;  dim.  Balcone. 

Balcone  m. ;  i.  French  window 
opening  on  to  a  balcony,  but  in  cities 
not  the  balcony,  which  is  Terrazzino  or 
Poggiuolo ;  see  the  note  under  Terrazzo. 
In  country  houses  however  the  word  is 
applied  to  a  balcony  in  the  English 
sense.  2.  space  immediately  under  the 
roof,  and  open  all  round. 

*i.  the  sky,  or  the  East,  as  window  of  heaven, 
ii.  _  stand  for  spectators  at  a  show.  iii.  the  five 
points  of  the  calyx  of  a  rose.  iv.  (r/iar.)  a  covered 
gallery  near  the  stern  of  certain  ships. 

Etym.  In  sense  of  window,  perhaps  a  corrup- 
tion _of  Arabic  bala-chaiitk,  look-out  place,  of  Persian 
origin ;  but  in  sense  of  balcony  confused  with  It. 
palco<  O.H.G.  talc/to,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Balcony. 

*  Baldacca  f. ;  v.  Baldracca. 

Baldacchlno  m.  (<  Baldacco,  Bag- 
dad, whence  fine  cloth  used  to  be 
imported);  canopy.  Di  — ,  fig.  excel- 
lent, as  if  worthy  of  a  canopy. 

*i.   fine  cloth,     ii.   sedan-chair. 
Baldacchin-uccio  m.;  dim.  sfreg.  of-o. 

*  Baldaccio  m. ;  Far  la  fine  di  Baldaccio,  to  fall 
out  of  window ;  to  ruin  one's  reputation. 

*  Baldacco  m. ;    Babylon,  in  the  Jig.  sense  of 
powers  of  darkness. 


Baldanz-a/  ;  boldness,  pride,  some- 
times with  an  approach  to  insolence. 
Far  cosa  a  —  d'  uno,  to  take  courage 
from  having  his  support.  Aff.  -osa- 
mdnte,  -ose'tto  dim.,  -oso. 

*Bald-erone,  -irone  m.;  sheep-skin. 

Balde'zza  / ;  confidence,  exultation. 

t  Baldicara  /.;  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (2). 

*  Baldigraro  in. ;  retailer  of  cloth. 

Baldo  (O.H.G.  bald,  bold);  in  good 
spirits. 

*  Baldore  m.:  joyful  confidence. 

Bald6ria/  (It.  baldo);    i.  bonfire. 

2.  Jig.  spree. 

*Baldosay?;  some  stringed  instrument. 
Baldovino  in.;  i.  Baldwin.     2.  ass. 

Baldracca/;  i.  strumpet.  2.  brothel. 

Etym.  From  Baldacco  or  Baldracco,  a  cor- 
ruption of  Bagdad,  the  ancient  Babylon,  a  name 
given  to  a  quarter  in  Florence  frequented  by  loose 
women. 

*  Balduino ;  asinine. 

Bal4na/  (L.  balaena);  whale. 

Balenare  ind.  baldno;  i.  to  flash; 
—  a  secco,  summer  lightning,  without 
thunder.  2.  to  reel. 

Etym.  Probably  a  contraction  from  some  form 
**  barlucinare,  <  bar-  and  luce,  light,  cp.  Baluginare ; 
~>.  infra  Bar-  in  loco.  The  literal  meaning  would 
therefore  be  "  to  shine  imperfectly." 

Baleniera  / ;  whaleboat. 

Baleniere  (Balniere,  Baloniere)  m.; 
whaler. 

Balenfo  m.  \  continual  flashing. 

Balen-o  m.  (vbsb.  of  Balenare);  flash. 
Dare  1'  ambio  a'  -i,  to  be,  or  think  one- 
self to  be,  Jupiter.  In  un  bacchio  — , 
for  batti  — ,  in  an  instant. 

Balenbttera/ ;  rorqual  whale,  razor- 
back,  Balaenoptera. 

Balendtto  m. ;  young  whale. 

Balestra  f.  (L.  balista<Gr.  pdXXta, 
to  throw);  i.  cross-bow  or  catapult  of 
various  kinds.  2.  Dare,  or  Tirare  il 
pane  colla  — ,  to  confer,  or  receive 
favours  clumsily;  Accarezzare  colla  — , 
to  injure  with  a  pretence  of  befriending. 

3.  (print.')  galley,  the  frame  which  re- 
ceives the  types  from  the  composing- 
stick.   4.  —  furlana,  v.  Furlana.    5.  Ti- 
rar  di  — ,  to  draw  the  long  bow,  tell 
lies.  6.  C-springof  a  carnage.   7.  (mar.) 
starting  lever.     8.   v.  Affondatoio. 

*i.  Balestra  da  bolzoni,  a  kind  of  catapult  for 
shooting  arrows  with  a  sort  of  head  to  them,  termed 
Bolzone,  g.v.  ii.  Caricar  la  — ,  to  eat  enormously, 
iii.  cross-bowman,  iv.  (mar.)  Jacob's  staff,  a  kind 
of  astrolabe  for  observing  the  height  of  the  sun. 
v.  ft.  of  Balestro. 

Balestrare  ind.  balestro;  i.  to  shoot 
with  the  catapult;  L' amico  accenna  e 
non  balestra,  i.e.  a  friend  will  correct 
without  offending.  2.  Jig.  to  shoot 
(an  official)  into  some  distant  locality. 
3.  (mar.)  to  strain  a  rope  tight  by 
getting  some  purchase  on  it. 

*i.    to  harass,     ii.    to  deceive. 

Balestratay:;  shot  from,  or  range  of  a  cata- 
pult. 

•Balestreriay:;  place  for  catapults. 

•Balestriera/:;  i.  loophole,  ii.  fighting  plat- 
form of  a  galley,  v.  Posticcia  ii  (t). 

Balestriere  ( Balestrieri)  m. ;  i .  cross- 
bowman.  2.  scherz.  tall  story-teller, 
one  who  draws  the  long  bow. 


BALESTR1ERO— BALOCCARE 


69 


Balestriero  m. ;  maker  of  cross-bows. 
'  Bales  t  riglia  / ;  v.  '  Balestra  (iy). 

Balestrino  m. ;  Compasso  — ,  inside  callipers, 
v.  Compasso. 

•Balestro  m.,  with  alternative  pi.  Balestra/ 

1.  cross-bow,     ii.  =  Balestra,  large  military  catapult 
Hi.    bolt  shot  from  a  cross-bow ;  Passar  com'  un  — 
to  pass  as  swiftly  as  an  arrow,     iv.  =Archetto,  pole 
trap  for  birds,     v.    Andar  in  sui  balestri,  to  be  bow 
legged. 

*Balestr-one  m.\  i.  atigni.  of-o.  tii.  a  sort  of 
cake  made  at  Arezzo  of  honey,  walnuts  and  dried  figs. 

Balestrucc-io  m. ;  i.  house-martin, 
Hirundo  urbica,  also  termed  Ron- 
dicchio,  Rondine  cittadina,  Rondinella. 

2.  —  ripario  or  salvatico,  sand-martin, 
v.  Topino.     3.    short  curved   piece   of 
wood  in  a  silk-winder  over  which  the 
silk  passes.     4.    Gambe  a  -i,  bow  legs ; 
Dita  a  -i,  fingers  twisted  by  gout. 

'some  instrument  for  blood-letting. 

Bali  (Bailo)  »i.  (L.  bajulus,  v.  Bailo) ;  Knight 
commander  in  certain  orders  of  chivalry. 

Balla/  (L.  bajulus,  through  It.  bailo, 
v.  Bailo,  i.) ;  i.  power,  authority. 
2.  bench  of  magistrates;  In  sua  — ,  at 
his  own  choice ;  In  —  della  sorte,  at  the 
mercy  of  fortune. 

*i.  force,  ii.  Fare,  or  Crear  — ,  to  elect  persons 
to  reform  the  state ;  Otto  di  — ,  the  Florentine 
magistracy  in  criminal  cases;  Dieci  di  — ,  the  war 
department,  iii.  Darsi  in  — ,  to  give  oneself  up 
for  lost. 

Balia  f.  (from  the  same  origin  as 
Balia);  i.  wet-nurse;  Tener  a  — ,  to 
keep  (a  thing)  a  long  time  without  giving 
it  back  to  its  owner ;  Da  che  lo  diedi 
a  — ,  lo  rivedo  ora,  (scherz.)  lit.  since 
I  put  him  out  to  nurse  I  am  now  seeing 
him  again,  i.e.  I  have  never  seen  him 
before.  2.  (a)  white-collared  fly-catcher, 
Muscicapa  albicollis,  also  termed  Aliuzza 
color  bianco ;  (6)  -  -  nera,  pied  fly- 
catcher, Muscicapa  atricapilla,  also 
termed  Moretta,  Bucciaiola. 

Baliaccia/;  pegg.  Balia,  bad  nurse. 

*  Baliaggio    in.  ;    grade    or    office    of    a    Ball, 
bailiwick. 

*  Bali-are  (It.  balia);  i.  to  rule.    ii.  to  hand  over; 
Mai  -ato,  ill-treated,  knocked  about. 

Baliatico  m. ;  I.  nursing,  or  wage 
paid  to  the  nurse.  2.  nurse-child. 

Baliato  >n. ;  grade  or  functions  of  a 
Ball  or  of  a  tutor. 

t  Balingiero  m. ;  =  Baleniere,  whaler. 

Balio  m. ;  husband  of  a  wet-nurse. 

*i.    tutor,      ii.    porter.      iii.  =  Minchione,    block- 
head,    iv.    high  bailiff,  as  a  title  of  honour,     v.    in 
some  localities  the  foster   parents  apply  the  terms 
Balio,  Balia,  to  the  natural  parents. 
Bali6na/. ;  augm.  Balia,  nurse. 

*  Balioso  ;  sturdy. 

Baliott a  f. :  vczz.  Balia,  nurse. 
Balipedio  or  Ballipedio  at.  (Or.  (3<iAAw,  n-eit'oi', 
plain)  :  practising  ground  for  artillery. 

*  Baltre  m. ;  I.  metathesis  for  Barile,  barrel.     As 
vb.:  ii.  to  be  a  nurse,    iii.  to  hand  over.    iv.  to  rule, 
v.  to  wield. 

*  Balisco  »/.;  an  old  kind  of  paper  money. 
Balista  f.  (L.  ballista) ;  ancient  Roman  cata- 
pult for  throwing  large  projectiles. 

Batiste  m.\  garfish,  Esox  belone. 
Balistica  /. ;  ballistics,  science  of  projectiles. 

*  Balitore  /«.;  v.  Balire. 

Baliuccia  f. ;  dim.  spreg.  Balia,  nurse. 

*  Balivo  in.;  a  high  bailiff  in  France,  etc. 

Ball-a/.  (O.H.G.  balia,  a  ball) ;  bale. 
A  -e,  or  A  piene  -e,  in  large  quantities. 
A'  segnali  si  conoscon  le  -e,  a  bale  is 
known  by  its  marks,  i.e.  a  man's  actions 
are  the  marks  of  his  character.  Questa 
e  la  mostra  e  questa  e  la  balia,  this 
sample  is  all  that  there  is  of  the  article 


Essere,  or  Andare  di  — ,  to  have  an 
understanding  for  some  bad  purpose. 
Pigliar  la  — ,  to  get  drunk. 

*i.  =  Palla,  ballot -ball,  vote;   Esser  part  le  -e,  to 
have  unanimity,     ii.   cannon-ball. 

Ballabile  ;  i.  Suono  — ,  music  for  dancing. 
As  sb. :  2.  music  for  dancing,  or  a  piece  of  .dance 
music.  3.  a  ballet  in  a  play  or  opera. 

Balfacciay?  ;/<•£?.  Balla. 

*Ballacocc-o  m.,  -a/;  =  Albicocc-o,  -a,  apricot 
tree,  apricot. 

^  Ballacocora  f. ;  =  Albicocca,  apricot. 
t  Ballac6coro    m.  ;    a    sort    of   Aretine    cake, 
yt.    Balestroue  (ii). 

•Balladore  m.\  (mar.)  i.  forecastle  of  the  old 
kinds  of  ship.  ii.  =  Ballatoio,  open  gallery. 

*  Ballamento  m. ;  i.  dancing,  ii.  ball,  dance, 
iii.  chattering  of  the  teeth. 

Ballanze  in.  (Fr.  balancer) ;  setting  to  one's 
partner. 

Ballanzudla /!:  part  of  the  fittings  of  a  net  for 
small  fish. 

Ballare  (late  L.  ballare,  to  dance, 
either  <Gr.  /3aAAtfo>,  to  dance,  or  <  bit. 
balia,  ball  or  game  of  ball,  such  games 
having  been  accompanied  both  in  an- 
cient Greece  and  in  the  Middle  Ages 
by  songs  and  dances,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ball);  i.  to  dance.  2.  Far  —  uno  su 
un  quattrino,  or  sur  un  centesimo,  i.e.  to 
make  him  do  his  duty,  keep  him  in 
order.  3.  Far  —  i  denti,  to  eat.  4.  Vi 
ballano  i  topi,  the  rats  dance  there, 
i.e.  the  house  is  empty.  5.  —  i  denti 
in  bocca,  to  have  one's  teeth  loose. 
6.  Prov.  Chi  balia  senza  suono  e  un 
matto  bell'  e  buono,  i.e.  he  who  works 
without  sufficient  pay  is  crazy.  7.  Si 
balia  secondo  il  suono,  i.e.  we  work 
according  as  we  are  paid.  8.  to  be 
tottering. 

Ballas  m. ;  ballast  for  a  railway. 

Ballata  /  ;  i .  ballad,  orig .  song  at 
a  dance.  2.  a  dance.  Prov.  Tal  —  tal 
sonata,  i.e.  we  get  what  we  give. 

*i.  intrigue,  ii.  Rimbeccar  la  — ,  to  answer  in 
rhyme. 

Ballat-ina  or  -ella/;  dim.  Ballata. 

Ballatdio  m.  (bit.  ** ballatorium  for 
**  vallatorium  <  L.  vallare,  to  form  a 
rampart);  i.  open  gallery  in  a  house  or 
church,  see  the  note  under  Terrazzo. 
2.  in  pi.,  perches  in  bird-cages. 

Ballatdre  m. ;  dancer  (unprofes- 
sional). 

Ballerina  f.;  i.  professional  dancer. 
2.  (prnith.)  (a)  white  wagtail,  Motacilla 
alba,  also  termed  Batticoda,  Biancola, 
Codatremola,  Codetta,  Cutrettola  piom- 
bina,  Scodazzola;  it  closely  resembles 
the  British  pied  wagtail,  Morris  being 
in  fact  doubtful  whether  the  two  species 
are  really  distinct;  (b)  —  gialla,  grey 
wagtail,  •v.  Cutrettola  (i).  3.  hip  of  the 
wild  rose.  4.  (hot.)  mpl.  "dancing  girls," 
Mantisia  saltatoria. 

Balleiini  m.  pi. ;  wild  rose,  v.  Rosa 
(i,  rf). 

Ballerlno m. ;  i.  professional  dancer. 
2.  any  good  dancer.  3.  (tot.)  (a)  green 
man  orchis,  Ophrys  anthropophora ; 
(b)  haw,  whitethorn  berry ;  (c)  v.  Bal- 
lerini. 

*i.  dancing  master,  ii.  —  a  yento,  dancing 
puppet,  iii.  effeminate  person,  iv.  the  gums. 
v.  scherz.  loose  teeth. 

Ballerinuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Ballerino. 
*  Balleronzolo  m. ;=Ba)lonzolo. 
Balletta/;  dim.  Balla,  ball,     'small  shot. 


Ballettare  ind.  balle'tto;  i.  to  walk 
with  a  dancing  action.  2.  —  il  valzer, 
to  waltz  with  a  jumping  action. 

•Ballia/;  v.  Balia. 

Ballino  m. ;  i.  sacking  in  which  bales  of  wool 
are  wrapped.     2.  straw  mattress. 
Ballipedio ;  v.  Balipedio. 

Bailo  m.  (v.  Ballare);  i.  dancing. 
2.  =  Festa  di  bailo,  a  ball.  3.  theatrical 
ballet.  4.  Tornare  or  Venire  in  — ,  to 
come  up  for  discussion  or  consideration ; 
Entrare  in  — ,  to  take  a  matter  up. 

*i.  Rendere  il  — ,  to  invite  to  a  dance  in  return 
for  an  invitation  received,  ii.  the  troop  of  dancers, 
iii.  Tener  la  mano  al  —  con  uno,  to  come  to  an 
understanding  with  him. 

tBallocce  /.  pi.,  or  Ballociori  m.  pi. ;  chest- 
nuts. 

*  Ballococco  m. ;  —  Albicocco,  apricot  tree. 

Ball6dole  /  pi. ;  Le  — ,  the  name 
of  a  cemetery  near  Florence.  Gli  affari 
vanno  alle  — ,  i.e.  the  business  is  being 
ruined. 

*  Ballonchio  in. ;  v.  Ballonzolo. 

Ball<5n-e  m.,  -a  /  (augm.  Balla) ; 

1.  bale.     2.    (mar.)  fender. 

*  Ballonzare  ;  v.  *  Ballonzolare. 
Ballonzolare ;  v.  Ballonzolo. 

*  i.   to  dance  awkwardly,     ii.  tr.  to  dandle. 
Ballonzolo  ;«.;  impromptu  dance. 

Ballbta  f.  (L.  baUota  =  C>r.  0oAAu)Tw,  perhaps 
<  0<iAAwt  to  throw  away  on  account  of  its  smell 
causing  cattle  to  refuse  it);  (bot.)  stinking  hore- 
hound,  v.  Marrobbio  (4). 

Ball6tta/  (A)  (Span,  bellota,  chest- 
nut <  Arabic  ball&t,  oak  with  edible 
acorns,  flourishing  in  northern  Africa, 
cp.  Persian  sciak-ballut,  chestnut-tree, 
//'/.  king's  oak);  i.  boiled  chestnut. 

2.  Naso  a  — ,  nose  with  a  wide  round 
tip. 

(B)  (It.  pallotta,  altered  under  the 
influence  of  Fr.  balloter) ;  ball  used  for 
balloting  or  for  drawing  the  numbers 
of  a  Tombola. 

*i.  pill  or  any  kind  of  little  ball.  ii.  a  certain 
number  of  magistrates  chosen  by  ballot  from  the 
whole  bench,  iii.  cannon-ball. 

Ballottaggio  m. ;  second  vote,  taken 
between  two  candidates  who  received 
the  highest  number  on  the  first  vote. 

Ballott-are  ind.  ballotto ;  i.  to  ballot, 
for  candidates  for  office.  2.  =  Sballott- 
are,  to  dandle.  3.  (mar.)  to  steer  a 
ship  irregularly.  4.  -arsi,  of  molten 
metal,  to  congeal  in  irregular  lumps. 

*  i.    to  put  to  the  vote.     ii.  =  Parteggiare,  to  take 
sides. 

Ballottata  f. ;  i.  boiled  chestnuts 
eaten  by  a  few  friends  together.  2.  bal- 
lotade,  a  special  kind  of  jump  by  a  horse, 
hind  and  fore  feet  being  all  raised 
equally. 

Ballottazione/;  voting. 

*  Baliott  in  o  m.  \  t.  boy  who  drew  the  ballots  at 
Venice,     ii.    boy  with  a  large  nose,  v.  Ballotta  (A), 
iii.   —  di  Spagna,  a  variety  of  lemon. 

Ball6tto  m. ;  (A)  (bat.)  edible  oak  tree,  Quercus 
ballota,  v.  Ballotta  (A).  t=  Ballotta  (A,  i),  boiled 
chestnut. 

(B)  ;  coagulated  metal,  v.  Ballottare  (4). 
•Ballovardo  »«.;=  Baluardo,  bulwark. 

Ballucciare  ;=Tenere  a  bada,  v.  Bada. 

Balneario  (L.,  v.  Bagno);  bathing  (establish- 
ment). 

Balniere  >«.;  =  Baleniere,  whaler. 

Baloardo  ;  .••.  Baluardo. 

Balocc-are  ind.  balbcco ;  to  amuse, 
-arsi,  to  trifle  away  the  time. 


BALOCCO— BAMBOLA 


Bal6cco  m.  (contr.  of  Badalucco); 
toy.  *  =  Balordo. 

Balocc6n-e  ;«.,  -a/ ;  waster  of  time 
in  trifling. 

tBalocio  »;.;  =  Ballotta. 

*  Balogia  / ;  =  Ballotta. 

Balogio;  i.  out  of  sorts,  slack. 
2.  heavy,  gloomy  (weather). 

Etytn.  Cogti.  Provenc.  baluco  <  ba-  for  bar- , 
prefix,  v.  Bar-  infra,  in  loco  +  tog-  for  luc-,  stem 
of  Luce,  light ;  lit.  therefore,  one  whose  eyes  are 
heavy.  Cp.  Baluginare. 

Baloniere  in. ;  v.  Baleniere. 

Balord-aggine  f.,  -amente,  -eria  f.,  piece 
of  stupidity,  -iccio  dim. ;  v.  Balordo. 

Bal6rdo  (for  **barlordo,  from  It. 
lordo,  in  its  old  sense  of  heavy,  cp.  Fr. 
lourd,  with  prefix  as  in  Balogio) ;  i.  dull, 
stupid.  2.  unfortunate,  poor  (business). 

Balord6ne  m.;  i .  augm.  Balordo. 
2.  Balordon,  Balardoni,  pretending  to 
be  stupid.  *  =  Capogiro,  dizziness. 

*  Balotta,  71.  Ballotta. 

Balsaminayl ;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  plants  including 
the  balsams,  Itnpatiens. 

Balsamino  tn. ;  (bot.)  balsam-tree,  Balsamo- 
dendron. 

Balsamitey^;  (bot.)  costmary,  v.  Erba  (73,  c). 

Balsam  o  m.  (L.  <  Gr.  <  Hebrew,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Balm) ;  i.  balsam,  the  exuda- 
tion of  various  trees.  2.  quasi-fig.  first- 
class  oil.  3.  —  della  Maddalena,  mira- 
culous remedy  like  Tocca  e  sana,  v. 
Toccare  ( 1 1 ). 

*  Balsico  tn.  ;  =  Altalena,  swing-board. 

*  Balso  tn. ;  i.  =  Balzo.     ii.  =  Covone,  sheaf. 

Balta/  (v.  Ribalta);  Dar  — ,  of  a 
carriage,  etc.,  to  capsize.  Dar  di  —  il 
cervello,  to  go  out  of  one's  mind.  Ha 
dato  la  — ,  (of  a  fever)  it  has  passed  the 
climax. 

*  Balteo  m.  (L.) ;  i.  sword-belt,     ii.    driving-belt 
of  a  machine. 

Baluardo  (Baloardo)  m.  (Fr.  boule- 
vard, the  Germ.  Bollwerk,  fortification, 
<  Bohle,  plank) ;  bulwark. 

Baluginare  ind.  baliigino  (prefix 
bar,  v.  Bar-,  +  It.  luce,  cp.  Balogio, 
etym.);  to  flash  for  a  moment  into  view. 

Balusante  (cp.  Baluginare);  short- 
sighted. 

*  Baluvaro  tn.  (var.  of  Baluardo)  ;  either  of  the 
raised  ends  of  the  old  sort  of  ship ;  poop,  or  forecastle. 

Balza/  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Balzare) ;  cliff, 
precipice. 

(B)  (bit.  **baltea  <  L.  balteus,  sword- 
belt,  of  unknown  origin ;  E.  belt,  and 
similar  words  in  some  other  languages 
are  all  borrowed  from  Latin,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Belt) ;  i.  ledge  on  a  mountain  side ; 
in  this  sense  the  origin  of  the  word  may 
be   the   same   as    that    of    Balza    (A). 
2.   flounce.     3.    turn-up  at  the  bottom 
of  men's  trousers,  where  the  cloth  is 
turned  up  inside.     4.    ornamental  band 
along  the  upper  border  of  the  dado  of 
a  room. 

(C)  (v.  Balzano) ;  white  streak  on  a 
horse's  foot. 

Balzana  or  Balzanatura  f.;  i.  =  Balza  (C). 
2.  =  Balzo.  3.  (herald.)  7'.  Balzano  (2).  4.  the  box 
of  a  lock. 

Balzano  (Arabic  balqd,  piebald); 
i.  (horse)  with  a  white  streak  in  the 


foot ;  —  da  uno,  da  due,  etc.,  according 
to  the  number  of  feet  which  have  the 
streak.  Prov.  —  da  uno,  non  lo  dare 
a  nessuno  ;  —  da  due  piu  forte  d'  un  bue, 
or  val  meno  d'  un  bue ;  -  -  da  tre, 
cavallo  da  re,  or  tienlo  per  te ;  —  da 
quattro,  cavallo  da  matto  (a  horse  being 
supposed  to  be  high-spirited  in  propor- 
tion as  his  feet  are  white).  2.  (herald.} 
(field)  divided  into  two  parts  of  different 
colours,  termed  —  a  di  sopra,  and  —  a 
di  sotto,  respectively.  3.  (pers.)  queer, 
eccentric,  capricious. 

*  White-footed   horses  have  been   further  distin- 
guished as  follows :  i.  Balzano  delle  due  mani,  on  the 
two  fore  feet.     ii.   —  travato,  on  fore  and  hind  foot 
of  the  same  side.     iii.  —  di  due  piedi,  on  the  two 
hind  feet.     iv.    —  trastravato,  on  the  off  fore  and 
near  hind  foot,  or  vice  versa,     v.  —  della  briglia,  on 
the  near  fore  foot.     vi.    —  della  lancia,  on  the  off 
fore  foot.     vii.  —  della  staffa,  on  the  near  hind  foot, 
?'.   Arzeglio.     viit.    —  moscato  or  armellino,  when 
the    white    spot    is    dappled    with    another    colour. 
ix.   —  segnato,  when  there  is  only  a  small  mark  of 
white  on  the  heel. 

Balzare  (prob.  <  Gr.  /SnXXifw,  to 
dance);  I.  of  a  ball,  to  bound  ;  — bene 
o  male,  to  bound  in  the  right  or  wrong 
direction.  2.  (pers.)  to  jump  down, 
fig.  to  rush  with  all  speed ;  to  jump  out, 
as  e.g.  robbers  from  a  hiding-place ; 
—  da  sella,  to  fall  from  the  saddle. 

Balzellare  ind.  balzello;  i.  of  a 
hare,  to  skip.  2.  tr.  --  una  lepre, 
v.  Balzello  (2);  fig.  --  uno,  to  wait 
where  he  is  expected  to  pass. 

Balzello  m. ;  i .  tax,  esp.  a  new  tax. 
If  the  word  in  this  sense  was  formed 
from  Balza,  q.v.,  it  was  from  regarding 
the  new  tax  as  a  fringe  added  to  the 
old  ones ;  if  from  Balzo,  as  an  addition 
jerked  on,  added  Di  balzo.  2.  Andare 
a  — ,  or  Balzellare,  to  lie  in  wait  for 
(a  hare)  on  its  known  line  of  going  to 
feed. 

*  i.    magistrate   at    Florence    who  superintended 
the  collection  of  the  surtax,     ii.   dim.  Balzo. 

Balzell6ne ;  i.  m.,  augm.  of  Balzello, 
skip,  v.  *  Balzello  (ii).  2.  as  adv.,  by 
skips. 

t  Balziculo  tti. ;  turning  head  over  heels. 

Balz-o  in.  (A)  (It.  balzare);  i.  re- 
bound ;  Prendere  la  balla  al  — ,  to  take 
the  ball  on  the  hop,  often  fig.  as  in  E. 
2.  Rimettere  la  palla,  or  il  pallone,  di  — , 
off  the  bound,  as  opposed  to  di  posta, 
full  pitch.  3.  Tirar  di  — ,  to  wait  for 
the  bound.  4.  Andare  a  -i,  to  hop. 
*Di  — ,  secondhand. 

(B) ;  i.  =  Balza  (A),  but  on  a  smaller 
scale.  2.  terrace,  or  dry  wall  supporting 
a  terrace,  for  vines  ;  Vigna  a  — ,  terraced 
vineyard;  so  also  Scala  a  — ,  staircase 
with  landings. 

(C)  (L.  balteus,  v.  Balza,  B);  (mar.) 
swinging  chair,  sling  or  seat,  by  which 
a  sailor  may  attach  himself  to  the  yard- 
arm. 

tBalzolo  ;«. ;   porter's  knot  on  women's  heads 
for  carrying  weights,  usu.  Cercine. 

*  Bambace  /. ;  =  Bambagia. 

Bambagelle  /  pi. ;  (hot.)  i.  Chrys- 
anthemum coronarium,  v.  Fiore  (16, 
xxv).  2.  common  field  poppy,  Paptivcr 
rhoeas. 


*  Bambagello  m. ;   rag  smeared  with  turnsole 
for  rougeing,  Italian  colouring-rag.     Turnsole  is  a 
pigment  in  the  form  of  a  stiff  paste  made  from  the 
concentrated  dye  of  lichens,  thickened  with  chalk, 
etc. 

Bambagia  /  (mlt.  bambasiiim,  '<.*. 
Baco,  properly  something  obtained  from 
silk,  but  used  for  cotton  stuffs,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bombasine);  i.  cotton  waste  used 
for  candle  wicks,  etc. ;  (Stomaco  or 
Salute)  di  — ,  weak ;  Tener  nella  — ,  to 
take  the  greatest  care  of ;  Baston  della 
— ,  a  mild  whipping.  2.  (hot.)  (a)  — 
coltivata,  cotton  plant,  Gossypium  her- 
baceum;  (6)  —  salvatica,  =  Erba  della 
Madonna,  a  species  of  everlasting,  v. 
Erba  (73,  a). 

Bambagina/;  i.  cotton  stuff,  i>. 
Bambagia.  2.  (bot.)  (a)  =Sagginella, 
Yorkshire  fog.  (b)  cudweed,  v.  Piede 

(i 8,  k). 

Bambag-ino ;  of  cotton.  As  sb.  = 
-ina. 

*  Bambagio  ;  =  Bambagia,  cotton  stun". 
Bambagi6na  f.;  (bot.)  meadow  soft -grass  or 

Yorkshire  fog,  Holcus  ianatvs. 

Bambagi6ne  ;//. ;  fat,  lazy  fellow. 
Bambagidso ;  flabby. 

Bambara/ ;  a  card  game  resembling 
Primiera. 

tBambar£lla/:;=Barella,  hand-barrow. 
Bambarinay^;  dim.,  short  game  of  Bambara. 
Bamber6ttolo   m.;    dim.   vezz.,   guasi-s/>r<>ff., 
of  Bambino. 

Bambina  / ;  i.  v.  -ino.  2.  vezz. 
scherz.  girl,  even  of  marriageable  age. 

3.  silliness;  Far  una  — ,  to  do  a  silly 
thing;  Riuscire  una  — ,  to  turn  out  a 
failure. 

Bambin-aggine  /.,  babyish  trick  ;  -aria  f., 
nurse;  -aio  i.  fond  of  babies.  2.  as  sb.,  registrar 
in  the  Foundling  hospital ;  -ata/?,  babyish  remark  ; 
-eggiare;  -ello  tn.  or  -ella/I  dim.  vezz.;  -erfayC, 
i.a.  -aggine;  -£sco;  -ettino  tn.  or  -ettina/?  dim. ; 
-etto  m.  or  -ettayl  dim.  vezz.,  quasi  antipkr.,  i.e. 
boy  or  girl  of  twelve  or  so ;  7'.  Bambino. 

Bambino  m.  (dim.  of  Bambo,  y.v.); 

1.  baby  or  child  up  to  eight  years  old; 
Addio  — ,  iron,  to  a  person  whom  we 
do  not  believe  and  will  not  listen  to. 

2.  Gesu  — ,  wax  figure  of  Jesus  as  a 
baby ;  Pare  un  Gesu  — ,  he  is  a  beautiful 
baby.      3.    throw   of  an   ace   at   dice. 

4.  in  pi.  at  the  game  of  backgammon, 
double   aces.     5.    sack   full   of   leaves 
placed    transversely   between   the   two 
divisions  of  an  under  mattress,  when 
this  is  constructed  in  two  parts.   6.  Man- 
gia-bambini,    ogre,    terrible    fellow    in 
appearance  but  really  harmless. 

*  i.  —  da  Ravenna,  trickster,     ii.   iron,  for  rogue. 
Bambinuccio  m. ;  dim.  sfreg.,  stunted  child. 

*  Bambinolare;  — Abbambmare,  to  twist  along. 

*  Bambo  (formed  from  Bambolo,  regarded  as  a 
diminutive);   silly. 

Bambocci-ata  or -eria/;  childish- 


Bambdccio  m. ;  i.  large  fat  child. 
2.  silly  person. 

Bamboccidna  /  ;  fine  girl  but  silly. 

Bambola  f. ;  i.  doll  dressed  as  a 
grown  up  woman.  2.  =Angiolino  di 
Lucca,  woman  of  cold  manners. 

*i.  baby  girl.     ii.  glass  of  a  mirror. 


BAMBOLO— BANDO 


Bambolo  m.  (  L.  bambalio,  stammerer, 
cp.  Gr.  /3a/i/3aAi£w,  root  6a,  v.  Babbo)  ; 
scherz.  for  bambino,  baby. 

t  Bamboro  m.  ;  =  Bambolo. 

Bambu  ;//.;  i.  (bot.)  bamboo  (plant).  2.  bam- 
boo  cane. 

Bammia  f.  ;  (hot.)  West  Indian  okro  plant, 
Hibiscus  nsculttttus,  also  termed  Chetunia  comesti- 
bile,  Ibisco  comestibile. 

Banal-e  (7r.,<bnn,  v.  Abbandon- 
are);  commonplace.  Ajf.  -ita. 

Banano  m.  ;  (bet.)  i.  banana  palm,  Musa 
paradisaica.  2.  its  fruit,  banana. 

Banato  m.  ;  district  governed  by  a  Ban  in 
Hungary. 

Banca  /  (var.  of  Banco);  bank. 
Riscuoter  alia  —  del  monchi,  to  get 
paid  at  the  cripples'  bank,  i.e.  not  at  all. 

*i.  military  pay-office,  ii.  Passat  la  —  ;  of  sol- 
diers, to  go  for  their  pay.  iii.  meeting  of  the  old 
men  of  a  city.  iv.  Sotto  —  ,  secretly;  Mandare 
sotto  —  ,  to  disregard;  Mettere  sotto  —  ,  to  defraud. 
v.  =  Panca,  bench.  vi.  =  Banco,  writing-table. 
vii.  bench  of  galley  slaves. 

*Bancaccia  /.;  (mar.)  i.  sleeping  berth  for  the 
captain  of  a  galley,  near  the  stern,  ii.  berth  for 
the  Timonieri,  steersmen,  iii.  =  Pancona,  q.v  .  iv.  = 
Subbio,  q.v.  t  v.  =  Parasartia,  "  channel." 

Bancaccio  m.  ;    i.  pegg.   Banco.     2.    in  alum 
works,  the  first  charge  of  fuelgiven  to  the  furnace. 
Bancacciuolo  m.\  (paperm.)  a  beam  used  for 

loth    cover    for   a   bench. 


compressing. 

*  Bancale    m.\    i. 


.       . 
.      Tappeto,  carpet. 

Bancario  ;  belonging  to  a  Banca  or  Banco. 

Bancar6tta  /  (lit.  broken  bench, 
i.e.  broken  up  business)  ;  bankruptcy, 
esp.  fraudulent  bankruptcy. 

*  Bancata  /.  ;  i.  space  between  the  benches  of  a 
galley,     ii.  any  appurtenance  of  a  bench. 

•Bancheare;  to  fit  with  benches,  thwarts. 

Banch-ella  /,  -ino  m.  (dims,  of 
Banca,  Banco)  ;  Prov.  Piu  povero  della 
-ella,  or  Piu  cattivo  del  -ino,  very  poor, 
or  tricky. 

*  Bancher-otto  or  -ottolo  >«.;  dim.  of  Banco, 
small  money-changer's  office. 

'Bancherozzo  in.  ;  book-stall. 
*Banchetta  f.\    i.  =  Panchetta,   small   bench. 
ii.  (mar.)  stretcher  for  the  rowers'  feet  in  a  galley. 

Banchettare  ind.  banchdtto  ;  to 
feast. 

BancWtto  m.  (lit.  small  table,  <  It. 
banco);  banquet. 

*  bench  for  rowers. 
Banchicino  w.  ;  dim.  Banco. 

Banchier-e  in.  ;  banker.  Ajf.  -one 
augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Banchfglia  /  ;  iceberg. 

Banchina/.  ;  i.  slab,  forming  a  seat. 

2.  (mar.)  quay;  Diritto  di  —  ,  wharfage, 
wharf  dues. 

*  i.   raised  piece  of  ground  behind  the  parapet  of 
a   fort  for  firing   from.     ii.    strip  of  land  along   an 
embanked  river  between  the  river  and  the  embank- 
ment for  greater  security  when  the  embankment  is 
a  high  one.     iii.  (mar.)  foot-board  to  which  galley 
slaves  were  chained. 

Banco  m.  (O.H.G.  banch,  v.  Skcat, 
sub  Bank);  i.  slab.  2.  writing-table. 

3.  judge's  desk  in  court  ;  Metier  sotto 
il  —  un  affare,  to  defer  it  indefinitely  ; 
Accomodar  un  affare  sotto  —  ,  to  arrange 
it  without  proper  publicity.     4.  counter 
in  a  shop;  Roba  di  sotto  —  ,  or  sotto 
il  —  ,  superior  goods  ;  Notizie  di  sotto  —  , 
important  information.     5.  school-desk 
either  of  teacher  or  pupil.     6.  —  de'  rei, 
dock  for  prisoners  on  trial.     7.  (Pagar) 
come  un  —  ,  promptly  ;  Lasciar  il  —  e 


il  benefizio  or  Piantar  il  —  e  i  burattini, 
lit.  to  leave  shop  and  business,  or  quit 
counter  and  puppets,  i.e.  to  have  nothing 
more  to  do  with  an  affair.  8.  —  di 
Lotto  or  del  Lotto,  lottery  office.  9.  at 
certain  games,  (to  keep)  the  bank, 
playing  against  all  the  other  players. 
10.  commercial  office,  counting-house  ; 
the  same  as  Banca  if  only  banking 
business  is  done  there,  but  Banco 
generally  includes  the  business  of  a 
forwarding  agent,  selling  goods  on 
commission,  etc.  1 1.  (mar.  geogr.)  bank, 
i.e.  submarine  elevation.  12.  (mar.}  — 
di  guardia,  ship's  bridge ;  —  di  voga, 
thwart  ot  a  boat.  13.  bed  (of  a  planing 
machine) ;  frame  (of  a  turning-bench)  ; 
-  da  velaio,  sailmaker's  bench.  14. 
(mar.)  thwart  of  a  boat. 

*  i.    a  certain  card  game.     ii.    Essere  a  — ,  of  a 
judge,  to  be  seated  on  the  bench,     iii.    Far  venire 
a  — ,  to  bring  an  action  against,     iv.  Levar  il  — ,  to 
dismiss  the  audience,    v.  Riscotere  al  —  de'  monchi, 
v.  Banca.     tvi.  =  Panca,  bench. 

Bancogiro  m. ;  transfer  of  a  credit 
from  one  customer  to  another  in  the 
same  bank. 

Band-a  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  bande,  Span., 
Proven^,  and  mlt.  banda,  German  and 
E.  band  <  O.H.G.  bant,  a  bond,  root 
bhend,  to  bind,  it.  Skeat,  sub  Band,  Bind, 
and  in  ed.  1910,  p.  752) ;  i.  band  (in 
every  sense).  2.  banner.  3.  scherz. 
tall  hat.  4.  leaf  of  a  folding  door  or 
shutter.  5.  sheet  iron  or  thin  plate  of 
any  metal.  6.  (herald^)  band  of  a  colour 
different  from  that  of  the  field  running 
obliquely  across  it,  w.Sbarra.  7.  =  Parte, 
side ;  Dalla  banda  di  fuori,  on  the 
outside;  Da  — ,  on  one  side;  Dalle  -e 
lateral),  on  the  two  sides ;  Da  tutte  le 
-e,  from  all  directions ;  Mettere  da  — , 
to  put  aside;  Dall"  altra  — ,  on  the 
other  hand,  on  the  contrary;  Da  —  a 
— ,  from  one  side  to  the  other.  8.  (mar.) 
freeboard ;  Mettere  alia  — ,  to  careen 
a  ship  for  the  purpose  of  cleaning  her 
hull.  9.  Alia  — ,  (mar.)  Pipe!  an  order 
given  when  the  crew  are  to  muster  for 
the  reception  of  a  visitor  of  high  rank. 

10.  Capodi — ,  bulwark,    n.  Falsa — , 
lapside   of   a   ship.       12.    Far   poggia 
alia  — ,  to  veer,  wear.     1 3.   Mezza  —  , 
parliament  keel. 

*i.  region,  ii.  Passar  — ,  to  change  sides,  go 
over  to  the  opposite  camp.  iii.  Lasciare  a  — ,  to 
abandon,  iv.  Andare  alia  --,  (a)  to  be  ruined, 
(If)  to  stagger;  Ire  alia  — ,  to  die.  v.  (Passare) 
banda  banda  or  A  —  a  —  =  Da  —  a  — .  right 
through.  vi.  stripe  worn  as  a  uniform  by  the 
soldiers  of  any  given  leader. 

Bandana  f. ;  (bat.)  pitcher  plant,  Nepentltfs, 
also  termed  Pianta  da  brocche. 

*  Bandare  ;  i.  to  bandage,     ii.  to  cover  (a  door) 
with  iron  plates. 

•Bandeggiare  (It.  bando);  to  proclaim. 

Band&la  /  (dim.  of  Banda) ;  metal 
strap,  esp.  that  bearing  the  ring  into 
which  the  pin  of  a  hinge  passes. 

*i.     any    metal     plate     used    for    strengthening. 

11.  clasp  of  a  waist-band,      iii.    leaf  of  a   folding 
shutter. 

Banderaio  m. ;  banner-maker. 

*i.  standard-bearer,     ii.  captain,  leader. 

*  Banderese  in. ;   i.   chieftain  with  the  right  to 
take  the  field  under  his  own  flag.     ii.    knight  of  a 
particular  corps,  v.   *  Banda  (vi).      iii.    flag-bearer, 
one  of  the  fourteen  Caporioni  of  medieval   Rome. 


Bander-61a  or  -udla  /  (dim.  Ban- 
diera); i.  streamer,  flag.  2.  lit.  or  fig. 
weathercock. 

Bandiera/   (It.   banda);    i.    flag; 

—  bianca  rossa  e  verde,  the  Italian  flag ; 
-  bianca  e  rossa,  that  of  the  Grand 

Dukes  of  Tuscany ;  —  rotta  fa  onore  al 
capitano,  a  torn  flag  is  a  credit  to  the 
captain,  usu.  said  fig.  of  a  thing  that 
gives  evidence  of  a  great  deal  of  wear; 
Portar  la  — ,  fig.  to  be  pre-eminent; 
Voltar  — ,  to  change  one's  party. 

2.  nazionale    di    poppa,    ensign. 

3.  —  in  derno,  waft,  weft.    4.  —  stran- 
golata,  waft,  signal  of  distress.     5.   Af- 
fermare  or  Confermare  la  — ,  to  fire  a 
gun    under    a    ship's    proper    colours. 

6.  Aiutante     di     — ,    flag-lieutenant. 

7.  Muta  di  -e  da  segnali,  set  of  signal 
flags.      8.    Nodo   di   — ,   bend   (knot). 
9.    Vela  in  — ,  sail  of  which  the  sheets 
fly  loose.     10.  scherz.  remains  of  cloth 
which  a  tailor  retains  after  making  a 
suit  out  of  material    supplied    by   his 
customer;   Esser  come  la  —  del  pio- 
vano   Arlotto,   said  of  a  thing   pieced 
together  out  of  stolen  scraps. 

*i.  lancer.  ii.  troop.  iii.  slatternly  woman, 
iv.  principal,  chief.  v.  Non  esser  una  cosa  — 
d'  uno,  to  be  beyond  his  capacity,  vi.  Far  — ,  of 
a  dog,  to  outrun  the  others,  vii.  Voltar  — ,  to  run 
away,  be  defeated,  viii.  Uomo  a  — ,  casual  sort 
of  person,  ix.  Pazzo  a  — ,  =  Re  de'  matti,  perfect 
lunatic. 

Bandieraio  m. ;  flag-maker. 
Bandierone  m. ;  augm.  Bandiera. 

'Bandigione  nt. ;  =  Imbandigione,  repast. 
t  Bandile  m. ;—  Bandolo. 

*  Bandina/;  a  kind  of  jewel,  v.  Alabandina. 

Bandinella/  (It.  banda);  i.  roller 
towel.  2.  cover  for  a  church  reading- 
desk.  3.  hedge  grown  as  a  screen  to 
shelter  a  garden.  4.  window-curtain 
of  a  carriage. 

*  Bandino  in. ;   i.    a  sort  of  quarter-deck  at  the 
stern  of  a  galley  for  the  officers,     ii.   in  pi. ,  similar 
places  at  the  sides  of  the  ship  for  the  Consiglieri. 

Band-ire  ind.  -isco  (cogn.  Fr.  bannir, 
v.  Bando);  I.  to  give  out  in  church; 

—  a'  quattro  venti,  to  make  universally 
known ;  —  1'  oste,  to  declare  war.    2.  to 
banish.     3.    Corte  bandita,   said   of  a 
house  where  a  merry-making  is  going 
on.     4.   v.  Bandito. 

Bandista  m. ;  bandsman. 

Bandita/;  i.  grounds  where  no 
trespassing  is  allowed.  2.  enclosed 
pasture  ground. 

*  i.  =  Bando.     ii.  prohibition ;   Qui  c'  e  —  per  i 
giornali,  newspapers  are  not  allowed  here.     iii.  pre- 
rogative ;  Persona  di — ,  privileged  person,    iv.  A  — , 


p 
d 


—  ,  ged  person,    iv.  A 

ublicly,  tv.  =  Pascolo  riservato.  Prmi.  Guardati 
alla  donna  di  festa  e  dalla  —  di  grazia,  i.e.  beware  of 
deceitful  appearances,  vi.  ground  without  an  owner, 
at  Siena  and  Volterra,  and  appropriated  by  certain 
communities. 

Bandito;  i.  part.  Bandire.  As  sl>.  : 
2.  exiled  person.  3.  bandit. 

Banditore  m.;  i.  preacher  (e.g.  of 
socialism).  2.  public  crier.  3.  auction- 
eer. 

Band-o;«.  (mlt.  bannuni,  from  O.H.G. 
ban,  proclamation,  v.  Abbandonare)  ; 
i.  proclamation.  2.  exile.  3.  fig.  —  ai 


BANDOLIERA— BARBA 


complimenti, no  compliments!  4.  Romp- 
ere  il  — ,  to  enter  the  prohibited  locality. 
5.  (mar.)  In  — ,  (a)  loose  (ropes);  (*) 
amain,  at  once,  suddenly. 

*i.  condemnation  pronounced  by  a  judge,  ii.  Git- 
tare — ,  to  send  away.  iii.  voluntary  exile,  iv. — da 
Poppi,  useless,  v.  Pietra  del  — ,  stone  from  which 
proclamations  were  made.  vi.  Cadere  in  — ,  to  fall 
into  disuse,  vii.  Tener  segreti  i  -i,  /*'/.  to  keep  pro- 
clamations secret,  i.e.  keep  secret  what  is  notorious, 
viii.  Far  andare  il  —  con  la  sua  tromba,  lit.  to  pro- 
claim with  his  own  trumpet,  i.e.  act  as  he  chooses. 
ix.  Novissimo  — ,  the  last  Judgment,  x.  Pagare 
i)  — ,  to  pay  the  fine  imposed,  xi.  Gittarsi  in  — ,  to 
flee  from  justice,  become  an  outlaw,  xii.  Di  — , 
(rt)  gratuitously,  (/)  at  second  hand.  xiii.  In  —  di 
se  medesimo,  out  of  one's  mind.  xiv.  A  —  di,  under 
the  penalty  of.  xv.  Riavere,  Ricomprare  il  — ,  to 
be  recalled,  purchase  one's  recall,  xvi.  Andare  a 
— ,  to  fly  belter  skelter. 

Bandolier  a  f.  (Span,  bandolera,  v. 
Banda);  shoulder-belt,  bandolier.  A  — , 
across  the  shoulders. 

*  Bandoliero  m.  (Spanish  bandollero,  v.  Bando); 
brigand. 

Bandolo  in.  (dim.  of  Banda,  referring 
to  the  little  piece  tied  on  to  facilitate 
finding);  i.  head  of  a  skein  of  wool  or 
silk  ;  Trovare  il  —  alia  matassa,  fig. 
to  discover  the  key  to  the  difficulty; 
Ravviare  il  — ,  to  put  a  thing  again  in 
the  right  way,  in  the  right  course. 
2.  thin  rope  not  tightly  twisted  up  for 
cording  packages. 

Banddne  in. ;  sheet  iron  (of  greater 
thickness  than  Latta). 

t  Banfa  f. ;  —  Vnmpa,  flame. 

tBanneray^;  — russigna,  onion  fish,  T.  Cepola. 
*Bannerese  in. ;  captain,  leader. 
*Bannire;  ?'.  Bandire. 
Bano  m. ;  Ban,  governor  in  Slavonic  countries. 

*  Bansa  /:  a  variety  of  white  grape. 

*  Bao  tn. ;   Far  bao  bao,  (rt)  to  yell  after  a  "mask," 
r'.  Maschera ;  (t>)  to  whisper,  murmur  (to  a  baby). 

Baonare  ;=  Brattare,  to  scull. 

Bar- ;  a  pejorative  prefix,  with  a 
variant  Ber-,  occurring  e.g.  in  It.  Bar- 
lume,  Fr.  berlue,  of  unknown  origin. 
It  hardly  seems  cognate  to  Bis-,  though 
its  force  is  much  the  same. 

Bara/  (A)  (O.H.G.  bdra,  root  bhar, 
to  carry,  v.  infra,  -fero,  in  loco) ;  bier. 
II  morto  e  sulla  — ,  i.e.  the  fact  is 
evident,  the  case  is  clear.  *litter,  hand- 
barrow. 

(B)  /  of  Baro  ;  female  swindler. 

Barabuffa/  (variant  of  It.  baruffa); 
riot,  scuffle. 

*  Baraccame  m. ;  a  kind  of  cotton  stuff  for  tents. 
Baracane  (Baragane)  »i.  (Arabic   barrac&ti)\ 

barracan,  a  thick  strong  stuff  made  of  goats'  hair. 

Baraccayi  (mlt.  barra,prob.  of  Celtic 
origin,  cp.  Breton  ban;  a  branch  ;  orig. 
therefore  a  log-house);  i.  booth,  tent, 
shanty  ;  Piantar  —  e  burattini  i.q.  Pian- 
tar  il  banco  e  i  burattini,  v.  Banco  (7). 

2.  fig.   institution    of   short   duration. 

3.  things   in  general ;    Mandar  avanti 
la — ,  to  shove  things  along.     4.  Metter 
su  — ,  to  begin  to  quarrel.     In  this  sense 
the   word   is    probably   of   a   different 
origin,  v.  Sbaragliare. 

Baracc-are ;  scherz.  to  make  a  row. 
*to  put  up  tents. 

*Baracchiere  w.;  — Vivandiere,  sutler. 

Baraccdne  m. ;  i.  temporary  shed 
put  up  by  a  builder  for  his  workmen 
and  plant.  2.  large  bare  room. 


Baracc-uccia  dim.  spreg.^  -uzza  dim.  spreg. 
sclierz. ;  v.  Baracca. 

tBaracola^C;  =  Arzilla,  fuller  fish,  Rajafulonica. 
tBaracundia  f.\~  Barabuffa,  riot. 

Baragane  »t.\  =  v.  Baracane. 
*  Baragone  m. ;  ornament  on  the  sleeves  of  a 
military  uvercoat. 

Baragbzzo  ;«. ;  i.  bargain  of  small 
importance.  2.  scherz.  marriage  re- 
garded as  a  bargain.  3.  Far  tutt'  un  — , 
=  tutt'  un  affare,  to  make  one  lump  of 
the  lot,  in  concluding  a  bargain  com- 
prising a  variety  of  rubbishy  articles. 
4.  fishing  smack  in  the  Adriatic. 

Baralla  ;  a  word  without  meaning  in  the  phrase 
Tara  baralla,  i.e.  anyhow,  after  all. 

Baradnda  (Baraona)/  (prob.  a  corr. 
of  the  Hebrew  baruch  adonai,  blessed 
be  he  that  cometh,  the  Messiah,  words 
which  often  recur  in  prayers,  and  the 
phrase  came  to  mean  the  confused  noise 
of  many  voices  at  once ;  cp.  Span. 
barahundii);  confused  medley  of  persons 
going  and  coming,  confused  mass  of 
papers,  books,  etc.,  hubbub  of  a  noisy 
party,  hurly-burly. 

Baraontere  ;«. ;  (mar.)  officer  with 
a  rough  tongue. 

Barare  (It.  baro) ;  to  cheat  at  cards. 

•f  Barasciare  ;  to  shuffle  (cards). 

+  Baratelle  ///.;  =  Bertelle,  stocking  suspenders. 

Baratro  (Balatro)  in.  (L.  barathrum, 
Gr.  jiapaBpov,  chasm,  ///.  devourer,  akin 
to  flopd,  food,  root  gwer,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Voracious);  abyss,  esp.  that  of  Dante's 
Inferno. 

•Barattay:;  i.  contest,     ii.  trick,  deceit. 

Barattaio  m. ;  railway  shunter. 

Baratt-are  (Abbarattare)  (It.  bar- 
atto);  I.  to  exchange,  barter.  2.  to 
change  fraudulently  or  accidentally ;  (iii 
portai  ad  accomodare  un  vezzo  e  lui  me 
lo  baratto,  I  took  him  an  ornament  to 
be  mended  and  he  changed  it.  3.  E' 
va  a  -arsi,  i.e.  he  is  going  to  a  fair. 
4.  —  una  parola,  una  mezza  parola,  or 
quattro  parole  con  uno,  to  exchange  a 
word  with  him.  5.  —  le  parole,  not  to 
abide  by  what  one  has  said.  6.  —  le 
carte,  to  cheat  at  cards ;  fig.  —  le  carte 
in  mano  ad  uno,  to  twist  what  he  said 
into  something  else.  7.  O  barattngli 
quella  lira,  lit.  change  that  franc  for 
him,  said  when  someone  persists  in 
senseless  grumbling.  As  refl.  -arsi : 
8.  Fanno  a  -arsela  (not  quite  so  strong 
as  Fanno  a  farsela),  they  are  having  a 
wordy  battle,  or  trying  to  cheat  each 
other.  9.  of  two  carriages,  to  pass; 
In  questa  strada  non  si  baratta,  there 
is  no  passing  in  this  street,  i.e.  either  it 
is  extremely  wide  or  very  narrow. 

*  i.    to  take  bribes,     ii.   to  defraud,     iii.   to  bring 
to  naught,     iv,  to  rout.     As  rejl.  -arsi :  v.   to  make 
mistakes,     vi.  —  d'  opinione,  to  change  one's  mind. 

AJf.  -amento,  -atore,  -atora. 

Baratterfa  f. ;  i.  embezzlement  of 
public  money  or  other  corrupt  act  by 
a  public  official.  2.  (leg.  mar.}  barratry, 
fraud  or  wrong  done  to  an  owner  by  a 
seaman.  3.  any  fraudulent  breach  of 
faith. 

*  i.   cunning,  subtlety,     ii.  (.hist.')  Provento  della 
— ,  income  derived  from  the  licensed  gaming  houses 
of  the  republic  of  Lucca  in  the  fourteenth  century. 


Barattiere  m. ;  i.  swindler.  2.  as 
adj.,  corrupt. 

*L    trafficker    in    public    appointments,    corrupt 
official,     ii.  =  Rivendugliolo,  small  retailer. 

Barattlna  / ;  barter  of  a  small 
object. 

Baratto  m.  (cp.  Old  Fr.  barateres, 
deceiver,  bnrater,  bareter,  to  cheat, 
Provenq.  and  old  Span,  baratar,  mlt. 
baratare,  probably  Celtic,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Barter);  i.  exchange.  2.  in  a  narrow 
street,  room  to  pass  ;  Non  c'  e  — ,  there 
is  not  room  for  vehicles  to  pass  each 
other,  v.  Barattare  (9). 

*i.  =  Baratteria.      ii.  =  Bnrattiere.      iii.    contest, 
iv.  corrupt  treachery,    v.  =  Aguato,  ambush,    vi.   Di 

—  ,  =  In  vece,  instead  of. 
*Barattolay:;=Arzavola,  teal. 

Barattol-0  in.  (a  dim.  <  Fr.  baratte, 
of  unknown  origin) ;  can,  gallipot. 
Leccar  i  -i  com'  i  topi  degli  speziali,  //'/. 
to  lick  jars  like  apothecaries'  rats,  i.e.  to 
try  in  vain  to  obtain  access  somewhere. 
Lettere  da  — ,  letters  of  the  alphabet  in 
a  box,  tisu.  Lettere  di  scatola. 

Barattuccio  nt. ;  dim.  spreg.  Baratto. 

Barb-a  /  (A)  (L.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub 
Beard);  i.  beard.  2.  fig.  cunning, 
craft.  3.  down  of  birds.  4.  Carciofi 
colla  — ,  old  artichokes.  5.  in  book- 
binding, the  rough  edges  when  the 
leaves  are  not  cut  smooth.  6.  root  of 
a  plant.  7.  —  rossa,  a  variety  of  grape. 

Phrases,  in  sense  of  beard  :   8.   Alia 

—  a,  or  In  —  a,  in  spite  of.     9.  Alia  — 
di,  at  the  expense  of.     10.    E   meglio 
star  sotto  —  che  sotto  bava,  it  is  better 
to  have  too  old  a  master  than  too  young. 
1 1.   Aver  la  —  bianca,  i.e.  to  be  an  old 
story.     1 2.    Far  la  —  e  il  coiitrappelo  a, 
i.e.  to  be  superior  in  ability  to,  or  to  be 
a  severe  critic  of  (some  person  or  book). 
13.  Fare  la  —  a,  to  shave ;  Farsi  la  — , 
to   shave   oneself,   or   to   have   oneself 
shaved ;  Farsi  la  —  da  se,   to  shave 
oneself.      14.    In   —    a,   v.   supra  (8). 
15.    Stare    in   —   di    niicio,   to    be    in 
clover,  v.  Micio.     16.   Pelarsi  la  —,  tit. 
to  tear  out  one's  beard,   i.e.  feel  very 
vexed.     17.   Prender  Pietro  per  la  — , 
to  persist  in  denial.     18.  Far  la  —  di 
stoppa  a  uno,  //'/.  to  give  him  a  beard  of 
tow,  i.e.  play  him  some -unpleasant  trick. 
19.    Prendere  un   Turco  per  la  — ,  to 
make  a  good  bargain.    20.  Farla  vedere 
ad  uno  in  — ,  i.e.  to  work  his  discom- 
fiture by  doing  what  he   declared  we 
could  not  do. 

Phrases,  in  sense  of  root :  21.  Barba, 
for  Barbabietola  cotta,  beet-root  ready 
cooked.  22.  --  tnaestra,  tap-root,  or 
root  of  a  tooth.  23.  Metier -le  -e,  =  Ab- 
barbicarsi,  to  strike  root.  24.  Perire  or 
Rmnnare  dalle  -e,  to  be  utterly  ruined. 
25.  Scoprire  le  -e,  or  Metter  le  -e  al 
sole,  to  root  up  a  plant,  or  to  extract 
a  tooth.  26.  Spiantato  dalle  -e,  very 
poor,  destitute. 

27.  (botC)  (a)  —  di  agnello,  sheep's  beard,  Uro- 
spernnim.  (/)  —  di  beccv,  (a)  purple  goat's  beard, 
or  salsify,  Tragvpogon  porrifolium,  also  termed 
Sassefrica ;  (/3)  yellow  meadow  goat's  beard,  or  go- 
to-bed-at-noon,  Tragopogon  pratcns?,  alv>  termed 
Raponzolo  salvatico,  Salsifi  de  prati ;  (y)  old  man's 


BARBABIETOLA— BARBUCINO 


73 


beard,  Geropogon  glaber.  (c)  —  di  cappuccino, 
necklace  moss,  a  species  of  lichen,  Ustma  barbata. 
(if)  —  di  capra,  =  Erba  di  S.  Cristoforo,  v.  Erba 
(123).  (e)  —  caprina  =  Olmaria,  meadow-sweet. 
CO  —  forte,  *'•  Barbaforte.  (g)  —  gentile,  =  Cardo 
scolimo,  Spanish  golden  thistle.  (A)  —  di  Giove, 
(a)=Semprevivo  dei  letti,  house-leek;  (j8)  false  in- 
digo, Atnorphafruticosa,  also  termed  Smorfia  amo- 
rosa.  (i)  —  sllvana,  ?'.  Barbasilvana.  (_/')  —  di 
vecchio,  old  man's  beard,  Ttllandsia  usneoides. 

*  i.    rope  suitable  for  the  rigging  of  ships,     ii.  = 
Soffio  di  vento,  a  puff  of  wind.     iii.  Alia  — ,  as  an 
oath.    iv.  Artiglieria  in  — ,  in  barbette,  i.e.  elevated 
so  as  to  fire  over  the  top  of  the  parapet,  not  through 
embrasures;  Battere  in  — ,  to  fire  just  over  the  top 
of  the  parapet,     v.  Cader  qualcosa  nella  —  d'  uno, 
to  return  upon  his  head,  to  his  hurt.     vi.  Con  la  — , 
respectable,     vii.    Dar  di  — ,  =  Piccare   il    naso,  to 
meddle,      viii.    (mil.)  -e  dell'  elnw,  ear-caps  of  the 
helmet,     ix.  Far  la  — ,  ~  Far  la  testa,  to  decapitate. 
x.  Prov.  A  —  folte  rasoio  molle,  i.e.  timid  persons 
must  be  handled  gently,     xi.    Stare  in  —  d_i  gatta, 
= —  di  micio,  v.  supra  (15).     xii.   (mar.)  in  —  di 

gatto,  when  a  ship  is  moored  between  an  anchor  at 
the-  bows  and  one  at  the  stern  with  the  cable  to  each 
stretched  taut,  so  that  she  is  in  a  straight  line  between 
them.  xiii.  Minuto  di  — ,  with  a  sparse  beard, 
xiv.  —  del  naso,  moustaches,  xv.  Parapetto  in  — , 
without  embrasures,  xvi.  Prov.  Alle  -e  de'  pazzi  it 
barbiere  impara  a  radere,  i.e.  there  are  those  who 
suffer  that  others  may  learn,  xvii.  Soffiando  nella 
—  Co'  sospiri,  D.  Inf.  23.  113,  sighing  with  such 
trembling  as  to  agitate  his  beard.  xviii.  A  — 
spitnacciata,  or  sprimacciata,  heedlessly. 

*(B)    (bit.    barbas,    barbanus,<\..    barba,    the 
bearded  one,  the  uncle);   uncle,  D.  Par.  19.   137. 

Barbabietola  /  (v.  Bietola) ;  (hot.) 
beet-root,  Beta  vulgaris. 

Barbacane  m. ;  i.  buttress;  muro 
a  — ,  sloping  wall.  2.  barbican,  out- 
work of  a  fortress. 

Riym.  mlt.  barbacatia,  prob.  a  corruption  of 
the  Eastern  name  bab-khanah,  a  term  written  on  a 
barbican  at  Cawnpore,<  Arabic  bob,  gate,  +  Persian 
tihanak,  house,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub-uoc. 

Barbaccia/;  fegg.  Barba  (A). 

*  Barbachieppo  m. ;  simpleton. 

"  Barbadoro  m. ;  a  variety  of  lemon. 

Barbafbrte /«.;  =  Rafanorusticano,horse-radish. 

Barbaggianni  m. ;  (mar.)=Gm  di  cappone, 
crane  for  the  anchor,  v.  Cappone. 

Barbagiayl;  (geogr.)z  wild  district  of  Sardinia 
to  which  Dante  reproachfully  compares  Florence, 
Purg.  23.  94. 

Barbagiann-i  m.  (Fr.  barbe-A-Jean, 
prob.  <  L.  barba,  beard  +  geria,  cheek, 
from  the  tuft  on  each  side  of  the  bird's 
beak);  I.  white  owl,  Strix  flammea, 
also  termed  Allocco  bianco.  2.  — 
salvatico  =  Gufo  reale,  eagle  owl. 

AJjf.  -eria  flock  of  owls,  -esco  adj. 

*  Barbagliare  ;  to  stammer. 

*  Barbaglin-o  /«.;  Venir  i  -i,  to  be  enraged,  /*'/, 
be  dazzled. 

Barbaglio  m.  (It.  bagliore,  with  the 
prefix  doubled);  dazzle,  dizziness,  esp. 
that  due  to  the  passing  of  a  number  of 
similar  objects  before  the  eye. 

*  Barbagrazia  / ;  In  — ,  as  a  special  favour. 
Barbaia  f.  (It.  barbo);  net  for  catching  barbel. 
Barbaio  m. ;  beet-root  seller  (in  Florence). 

*  Barbalacchio  m. ;  good-for-nothing. 

*  Barbandrocco  m. ;  simpleton,  lazy  fellow. 

*  Barbano  m.  (n.  Barba,  B);  uncle. 

I  Barbantana  f. ;   drawing  up  the  hair,  as  a 
mode  of  dressing  it. 

Barbara  ;  Santa  — ,  v.  Santabarbara. 

Barb-are  (It.  barba,  A);  i.  to  take 
root.  2.  tr.  =  Accoccare,  to  play  a  trick 
upon.  3.  to  push  in.  4.  to  say,  to  tell. 
5.  Part,  -ato,  (herald.)  of  a  cock  or 
dolphin,  when  the  wattles  of  the  cock 
or  mouth-appendages  of  the  dolphin  are 
of  a  colour  different  from  that  of  the 
rest  of  the  animal. 

Barbareggiare  ;  to  write  barbarously. 

Barbar-escamente  adv.,  -esco  quasi-dim. 
of  Barbara;  -icamente  adv.,  -iccia,  the  name  of 
one  of  the  devils  in  Dante's  Inferno;  -ico,  barbaric. 

H. 


Barbar-ia  or  -ie  /;  i.  barbarity.  2.  want  of 
civilisation. 

Barbarismo  /;/. ;  i.  barbarism  of  language. 
2.  barbarity. 

Barbarity /.;  barbarity. 

*  Barbarizzare  ;    i.  =  Barbareggiare.      ii.    of  a 
language,  to  degenerate. 

Barbaro  (L.,  =  Gr.  J3apj3apo?,  cp.  Sanskr.  oar- 
paras,  a  foreigner);  i.  barbarous.  2.  as  so.,  bar- 
barian. *  =  Barbero,  Barbary  horse. 

Barbar6ssa/I;  a  variety  of  grape  and  wine. 

Barbasilvana  A;  i.  =  Piantaggine  d'  acqua, 
water  plantain.  2.  =  Erba  saetta,  arrowhead,  v. 
Erba  (n8rf). 

Barbassbro  m.  (corr.  of  It.  valvas- 
soro,  through  Varvassoro,  baron) ;  self- 
consequent  person. 

t  Barbastrillo  ;  Pesce  — ,  =  Pesce  rondine,  flying 
gurnard. 

Barbat-a  / ;  i.  mass  of  a  plant's 
roots.  2.  layer  of  a  plant  usu.  Barba- 
tella ;  Far  -e,  to  propagate  mulberries 
by  grafting  near  the  foot  of  the  stem 
and  subsequently  layering  the  grafts. 

Barbatella  /;  i.  v.  Barbata  (2). 
2.  any  kind  of  herb  eaten  as  salad. 

Barbatelllna  / ;  any  small  plant 
taken  up  with  its  roots  for  trans- 
planting. 

Barbazzale  (Barbozzale)  m.  (It.  bar- 
bozza);  i.  curb-chain;  fig.  Non  porto 
—  a  nessuno,  no  one  shall  restrain  me 
from  saying  what  I  please.  2.  Catenella 
a  — ,  small  chain  like  a  curb-chain,  in 
a  watch. 

*  Barbeggia  / ;  =  Marmeggia,  maggot. 
Barbera  /. ;    i.  =  Santabarbara,  powder  maga- 
zine on  a  ship.     2.   a  Piedmontese  wine.     3.    Prov. 
Santabarbara  beata,  said  to  one  who  fires  and  misses. 

*  Barberare  ;  i.  of  a  boy's  spinning  top,  to  move 
in  jerks,      ii.    of  boys,   to  play  and  jump  about, 
iii.    of  a  ship,   to  move  irregularly. 

•Barberellay?;  rootlet. 

Barberesco  m. ;  stableman  who  attends  to  the 
Barberi.  As  adj.  =  Barbero,  of  Barbary. 

BarberiayC;  (geogr.)  Barbary,  often  as  a  type 
of  an  outlandish  place.  Rimasto  nelle  secche  di  — , 
i.e.  unable  to  get  along  in  one's  speech  or  perform- 
ance. *  barber's  shop  or  trade. 

Barbero  m. ;  race-horse,  lit.  Barbary 
horse,  esp.  one  running  riderless,  as  was 
until  recently  a  common  custom. 

Barberbtto  (Barbierotto)  m.  (It. 
barbiere) ;  assistant  surgeon. 

Barbe'tta/  (dim.  Barba);  i.  short 
beard,  or  man  with  a  short  beard. 
2.  tuft  behind  a  horse's  fetlock.  3.  (bot.) 
rootlet.  4.  bristle  at  the  end  of  the 
calyx  of  a  cereal  plant.  5.  barb  of  an 
arrow.  6.  barbette,  mound  of  earth 
for  a  gun,  v.  *  Barba  (iv).  7.  (mar.) 
painter,  rope  at  the  bow  of  a  boat. 

8.  rope  for  hoisting  the  skiff  on  board. 

9.  rope   for  drawing   the  Cannone  di 
corsia,  bow-chaser,  to  the  bow  of  the 
ship. 

Barbe'tti  m.  pi.;  i.  the  Fathers  of 
the  Order  of  St  Vincent  de  Paul  at 
Florence.  2.  inhabitants  of  certain 
valleys  at  the  foot  of  the  Piedmontese 
Alps. 

*Barbetticare;  =  Balbettare,  to  stammer. 

Barbettfna/;  i.  dim.  Barbetta(i). 
2.  =  Barbabietola,  beet-root. 

Barbe'tto  m. ;  wiper  for  a  razor. 

*  Barbicaia  /.;  i.  stem  of  a  tree  with  all  its  roots 
attached,     ii.  place  full  of  roots. 


Barbie-are  ind.  barbico  (It.  barba) ; 
to  strike  root.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azi<5ne. 

*  Barbice  f.\  =  Berbice,  ewe. 

Barbi-cella  or-cfna/  (dim.  Barba); 
rootlet. 

Barbicdne  m.  •  tap-root  of  a  tree, 
•v.  Barba  (A,  6). 

Barbiera  /;  wife  of  a  barber. 

*i.  female  barber,  ii.  woman  who  demanded 
exorbitant  prices. 

Barbier-e  m.  (It.  barba);  barber, 
barber-surgeon.  Prov.  Piano  —  che  il 
ranno  scotta,  steady,  barber,  the  lather 
is  too  hot,  i.e.  do  not  be  so  hasty  in 
your  judgment.  Fanno  a  farsela  come 
i  -i,  they  are  trying  to.cheat  each  other. 
Rifarsi  del  — ,  to  get  oneself  up  to  look 
young.  La  rete  del  —,  the  barber's 
net,  as  type  of  an  occupation  taken  up 
for  lack  of  all  others. 

Barbierla/;  barber's  shop. 

'Barbierotto  m.;  v.  Barberotto. 

Barbfgi  m. pi.;  scherz.  moustaches. 

Barbigli  m.  pi. ;  barbels  or  beards  of  certain  fish . 

Barbfna/;  lady's  bonnet-string. 

Barbin-o  m.;  i.  beard  of  a  goat,  or 
like  a  goat's.  2.  =  Barbetto,  razor-wiper. 
3.  fig.  fool,  or  as  adj.  badly  done ;  fe  -a, 
it  is  unpleasant;  Mi  dice  -a,  at  cards, 
I  am  being  unlucky.  *stingy. 

Barbio  ;«. ;  (from  its  quasi  beard)  barbel, 

*  Barbito  HI.  (Gr.  j8ap£iTos) ;  some  sort  of  lyre. 
Barbitonsdre  m.;  scherz.  =  Barbiere. 
Barbo  m. ;  pop.  for  Barbio. 

Barbocchi  m.  pi. ;  root-stock  of  the  common 
reed,  Arundo  doiinx. 

Barbdcchio  HI.  ;  =  Cannocchio,  reed. 
*Barbocciale  w.;=  Barbazzale,  curb. 

Barbdgio  (root  ba,  v.  Babbo) ;  senile. 
Barbole;  v.  Barbule. 

Barbolina  /  (It.  barba) ;  tiny  rootlet. 

Barbonaccia/:;  (£»/.)  =Bonagra,  rest-harrow. 

Barbonato  ;  barbed  like  a  fish  hook, 
v.  Barbone  (9). 

Barb6ne  m.  ;  i.  long  beard. 
2.  poodle-dog ;  Sproposito  da  can  — , 
huge  mistake.  3.  large  barbel.  4.  (bat.) 
bryony.  5.  an  orchid,  Lutyriutn  hir- 
cinum.  6.  swollen  glands  in  the  neck, 
scrofula.  7.  (vet.)  inflammatory  tumour ; 
-  bufalino,  a  carbunculous  tumour  fn 
the  throat  of  young  buffaloes.  8.  a 
disease  in  horses'  throats.  9.  as  adj., 
Chiodo  — ,  nail  furnished  with  barbs  so 
that  it  cannot  be  extracted.  t  =  Triglia 
minore,  red  mullet. 

•Barbottay;  (prod.  carr.<Germ.  "  Wehr-boot 
<wehren,  to  defend);  i.  a  kind  of  Venetian  war- 
ship protected  with  leather  and  armed  with  a  spur 
for  ramming,  ii.  a  kind  of  river  fishing-craft,  esp. 
on  the  Po. 

Barbottare;  =  Borbottare,  to  stam- 
mer. 

Barbbtto  m. ;  the  under  part  of  the 
chin. 

*  Barbozzale ;  ••••.  Barbazzale. 

Barb6zz-o  in.,  -a  /;  i.  the  under 
part  of  a  horse's  lower  lip  where  the 
curb  goes.  2.  (hist.)  the  part  of  a 
helmet  which  protected  the  chin  and 
cheeks. 

*  Barbucino  ;  with  a  short  patchy  beard. 

10 


74 


BARBUGLIARE— BARLACCIO 


Barbugli-are  (root  bit,  v.  Babbo) ; 
to  mumble,  splutter.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Barbuglidne  in. ;  mumbler.  *=Bar- 
bozzo. 

Barbule  or  Barbole/  pl.\  (vet.)  inflammatory 
tubercles  in  a  horse's  mouth,  also  termed  Ranule. 

•Barbutay?;  i.  a  kind  of  helmet,     ii.  quasi  fig. 
soldier,     iii.  =  Barbotta.     iv.  =  Barbozza. 

Barbuto ;  bearded,  or  of  a  comet, 
with  a  tail. 

*  i.  fig.  honest  (man),     ii.  =  Barbicato,  rooted. 

Barca  /  (A)  (L.  barca,  prob.  <  Gr. 
£5pis,a  word  of  Egyptian  origin,  through 
**barica,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Barge,  Bark) ; 
boat,  launch,  barge.  -  per  salpare, 
anchor  hoy.  -  bestia,  =Nave  goletta, 
barquentine. 

(B)  (L.  brachium,  cp.  Span,  abarcar, 
to  embrace,  lit.  therefore,  armful) ;  heap, 
stack. 

*  i.  Fare  —  armata,  to  reinforce  the  crew  of  a  ship 
by  drawing  men  from  elsewhere  so_  as  to  have  fewer 
ships  but  better  manned,     ii.   Lasciarsi  levare  in  — , 
to  allow  oneself  to  be  led  by  the  nose. 

Barcaccia  /;  spreg.  i.  old  boat. 
2.  —  di  Padova,  promiscuous  party  or 
assembly.  3.  (theat.}  one  of  the  two 
boxes  on  a  level  with  the  stage. 

t  Barcaia  f. ;  —  Bica,  pile. 

Barcaiblo  (Barcaruolo,  Barcheruolo) 
m. ;  boatman,  ferryman. 

Barcalai ;  (mar.)  a  word  of  command  to  a  boat 
to  come  alongside. 

Barcamenarsi  ind.  mi  barcame'no ; 
to  get  through  somehow  (implying  dis- 
creditable means). 

*  Barcare  •  —  Varcare,  to  cross. 
Barcareccio  (Barcarizzo)  w. ;  (mar.)  gangway 

to  the  lower  deck,  opening  from  the  side  of  the  ship. 

Barcardla  /  ;  barcarolle,  Venetian 
gondolier's  song. 

Barcata  / ;  boat-load. 

*Barcella/C;  i.  dim.  Barca.  ii.  a  sort  of  basket 
to  be  filled  with  straw  and  fastened  on  the  pack- 
saddle,  iii.  in  pi.  schtrz.  =  Barelle,  spectacles. 

Barcheggi-are  ind.  barche'ggio;  to 
go  in  a  boat,  -arsi  =  Barcamenarsi,  but 
with  less  offensive  implication. 

Barchere'ccio  m.  •  a  quantity  of  boats. 

*  Barcheruolo;  v.  Barcaiolo. 

Barcb.e'tt-a  f. ;  i.  pleasure-boat. 
2.  —  del  solcometro,  log-ship,  v.  Paasch, 
Diz.  mar.,  plate  107,  4.  Aff.  -accia 
pegg.,  -aiolo  boatman  or  boat-builder, 
-ata  boat-load,  -ina  dim. 

Barcb.e'tt-O  m. ;  \.  barge.  2.  =  Bar- 
chino,  punt.  Aff.  -ino  dim.,  -one  augm., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*Barchiere  ?«.;  =  Barcaiolo. 

Barchina  f. ;  dim.  Barca. 
Barchino   m. ;    punt    for    sporting 
purposes. 

tBarcia/;  ship. 

tBarcile  m.  ;  =  Stollo,  pole  of  a  haystack. 

*  Barci6tto  m. ;  Maltese  piratical  ship. 

*  Barco  ///. ;  i.  =  Parco,  park  for  animals,  ii.  sheep- 
fold,     tiii.  ship. 

t  Barcocchiare ;  of  small  boys  or  weakly  persons, 
to  hit,  strike. 

tBarc6cola/;  =  Albicocca,  apricot. 
Barcolame  m.;  (tnar.)  small  craft  of  any  kind. 

Barcoll-are  ind.  barcbllo,  or  pop. 
Barcullare ;  to  totter,  stagger.  Aff. 
-ame'ntoy  -10  freq.  sb. 


EtyiH.  dub.  At  least  three  derivations  seem 
possible  (i)<blt.  ** barcula,  dim.  of  L.  barca', 
(2)  It.  bara,  litter,  -t-cullare,  to  rock;  (3)  It.  prefix 
bar-,  v.  Bar-  in  loco,  -r  crollare,  to  toss. 

Barc-oll6ne  or  -ulldne ;  staggering. 

Barcdne  m.;  i.  augm.  Barca  (A) 
or  (B).  2.  large  cloud. 

*  Barcoso  in. ;  some  kind  of  old  warship. 

*  Barcott-ayr,  -o  m. ;  ship  of  medium  size. 

*  Barculla  /. ;  =  Basculla,  weighbridge. 
Barcull-are,  -one;  v.  Barcoll-are,  -one. 

Barda  /. ;  i.  armour  (of  iron  or 
baked  leather)  for  a  horse.  2.  a  kind 
of  long  saddle  made  of  coarse  cloth 
stuffed  and  quilted.  Prm>.  Esser  da  — 
e  da  sella,  (pers.)  to  be  generally  useful. 
3.  =  Bardatura. 

Etym.  As  armour  <  O.H.G.  bardi,  shield,  z>. 
Skeat,  sub  Barbed ;  as  saddle  either  from  the  same 
source  or  more  probably  <  Span,  albarda,  pack- 
saddle,  which  is<  Arabic  bardaat< Persian  barzahet, 
saddle-cloth,  with  the  Arabic  article  at,  the. 

Bardaglio  w.;  saddle-cloth. 
*Bardaiow.;  horse-milliner,  v.  Barda. 

Bardana  /;  (tot.)  i.  —  maggiore,  burdock, 
A  rctium  latyn,  also  termed  Lappa  bardana,  Lappo- 
lone,  Cappellacci.  2.  —  minore,  clot  bur,  Xantkittm 
strutHarrum,  also  termed  Strappalana. 

Bard-are ;  to  deck  (a  horse),  -ato, 
caparisoned. 

Bardassa  m.  or  f.  (Span.  bardaxeK. 
Arabic  bardag,  slave) ;  I.  urchin.  2.= 
Bardotto.  *paramour. 

Bardassudla/!;  dim.  Bardassa. 

Bardatura  /;  trappings  of  a  horse. 

Bardell-a/ ;  cattle-drover's  or  ranch- 
man's saddle  with  large  fore  and  hind 
saddle-bow.  —  magra,  worn-out  saddle. 

*stocking-suspender.  tSeminar  le  .e,  i.e.  to  have 
one's  stockings  down  at  heel. 

Bardellone  ;«. ;  i.  large  saddle  used 
in  breaking  in  young  horses.  2.  =  Ma- 
cigno,  a  hard  grit-stone.  3.  the  lowest 
row  of  bricks  in  building  an  arch. 

Bardiglio  or  Bargiglio  nt. ;  streaked  marble. 

Etytti.  "Inasmuch  as  the  Fr.  barde  means 
strip  of  bacon,  that  is,  stripe,  band,  it  seems  that 
the  word  Bardiglio  must  be  referred  to  Barda " 
(Zambaldi). 

Bardo  m.  (Celtic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  me.);  as  E. 

Bardocucullo  >«.;  bardic  dress. 

Bardbsso ;  A  —  =  A  bisdosso  (to 
ride)  barebacked,  the  prefix  bis-  being 
altered  to  bar-,  probably  under  the  in- 
fluence of  Barda. 

Bardbtto  m.  ( 1 1.  barda,  cl  oth  saddle) ; 
i.  animal  ridden  by  a  cattle  driver  or 
used  to  tow  a  barge.  2.  hinny,  bred 
between  a  horse  and  she-ass.  3.  ap- 
prentice. 4.  (fam.}  young  man. 

*  Passer  per  —  ,  to  receive  dinner  without  payment 
(like  the  Bardotto  taken  in  at  the  same  inn  as  its 
owner  and  not  separately  charged  for). 

Barege/.  (Fr.  barege,  so  called  from 
Bareges,  a  town  in  the  Pyrenees)  ; 
barege,  a  kind  of  gauze.  Alia  — ,  = 
Alia  buona,  in  a  rough  and  ready  way. 

*  Bareggiare  (frequent,  of  Barare) ;  to  cheat. 
tBaregno  m. ;  stream  of  running  water  used  as 

a  washing-place. 

Barella  /  (dim.  Bara);  i.  hand- 
barrow,  stretcher.  2.  in  //.,  scherz., 
spectacles,  esp.  of  the  pince-nez  kind. 
3.  Portare  uno  a  — ,  to  carry  him 
about,  one  person  holding  his  feet  and 
another  his  hands. 


Barellare  ind.  barello;  I.  to  carry 
on  a  hand-barrow.  2.  to  stagger.  3.  to 
vacillate  in  purpose.  4.  of  the  eyes,  to 
reel. 

Barellata  / ;  barrow-load. 

Barelldn-e  m. ;  staggering.  Esser 
della  compagnia  dei  -i,  i.e.  to  be  drunk. 
Aff.  -i  adv. 

tBarena  f.\    alluvial   ground   silted   up   in   the 
Venetian  lagoons. 

Baren-are  ;  to  smooth  the  bore,  e.g.  of  a  gun. 
AJf.  -azione. 

*  Bareria  f.  (It.  barare);  cheating. 

*  Bargagnare  ;  i.  to  dredge,    ii.  Jig.  to  bargain. 
Bargagno  tit. ;  dredger.     *  bargaining. 
Etym.     A  iibsb.  of  Bargagnare<blt.  btircaitiare, 

v.  Barca. 

Barganella  / ;  (mar.)  one  of  the  curved 
wooden  supports  for  the  rim  of  a  launch,  futtock. 

*  Bargano  m.  ;=  Bargagno,  dredger. 
Bargellay:;  i.  wife  of  a  Bargello.    2.  gossiping 

woman. 

tBargellc//*/.;  v.  Barcella. 

*  Bargellino  in. ;   i.   one  of  seven  officers  under 
the  Bargello.    ii.  an  old  Florentine  coin  of  six  denari. 

Bargello  m.  (mlt.  baragildus,  origin 
unknown);  i.  foreign  officer  command- 
ing the  troops  necessary  to  keep  order 
in  some  of  the  Italian  republics.  2.  chief 
constable.  3.  prison,  properly  the  Pa- 
lazzo in  which  the  prison  was.  4.  spy. 
5.  interfering  busybody.  Prov.  Esser 
come  la  campana  del  --  che  suona 
sempre  a  vitupero,  i.e.  to  be  always 
finding  fault;  the  bell  of  the  Bargello 
used  to  be  sounded  at  an  execution  or 
when  someone  was  pilloried. 

Bargell6n-e  m.,  -a  f.  \  mischievous 
gossiper. 

*  Bargia  f.   (prob.  from   L.   barba,   corr.   into 
barbia ;  cp.  obietto  and  oggetto) ;  i.  =  Giogaia,  dew- 
lap,    ii.    the  appendage  under  the  chin  of  a  goat, 
ill.    child's  game  of  hide  and  seek. 

Bargiglio  m.  (L.  barba,  v.  Bargia) ; 
i.  the  wattles  of  a  cock  or  turkey.  2.  = 
Bargia  (ii).  3.  =  Bardiglio,  streaked 
marble. 

Bargigli-6ne  m. ;  (/'.<;.  -o).    -uto  ;  with  BargigIL 
Bargio  ;«. ;  Admiralty  barge. 
Bargozzo;  ".'.  Bracozzo. 
fBargullare;=Barcollare,  to  totter. 
Baricina  f. ;  dim.  Bara. 
Barico ;  v.  Bario. 

*  Baride  m. ;  transport  vessel  on  the  Nile. 

Bariglioncino  m. ;  dim.  Banglione. 

Bariglione  ».;  augm.  Barile,  barrel  for  gun- 
powder or  salted  fish,  etc.  *  i.  wine  cask.  ii.  =  Poppe 
vizze. 

Barilaia  f. ;  store  for  empty  casks. 
Barilame  m. ;  quantity  of  old  casks. 

Baril-e  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  baril,  Span,  and 
Prevent;,  barril,  mlt.  barillus  of  unkn. 
orig.) ;  barrel. 

*  i.  beehive,    ii.  an  old  Florentine  coin.    iii.  Prav. 
Ristagnar  *i  secchi,  to  solder  dry  casks,  i.e.  have  a 
tough  job. 

•Bariletta/;  v.  Barletta. 

Bari  let  to  m. ;  dim.  Barile. 

Barilla  f.  (Spanish  word);  (&>/.)=  Erba  call 
coltivata,  saltwort. 

Barilone  in. ;  i.  augm.  Barile.  2.  —  Baione, 
jaws  of  a  dredger. 

Barilbtto  or  Barilozzo  m. ;  i.  cask, 
rather  smaller  than  Barile.  2.  bull's-eye 
on  a  target. 

Bario  m.\  barium,  a  metal. 

Barft-eyl;  the  oxide,  barytes. 

Bariton-ale;  adj.  -eggiare  ind.  -eggio;  to  be 
nearly  baritone,  -o  m.  ;  baritone  voice  or  singer 
(Gr.  /Sapv'roi'os). 

*  Barlacchio  m. ;    i.q.    Barbalacchio,  good-for- 
nothing. 

Barlaccio  (L.  laxus  with  prefix,  v. 
Bar) ;  I.  Ovo  — ,  bad  egg.  2.  quasi  fig., 
Mi  sento  un  po'  — ,  I  do  not  feel  very  well. 


BARLAVENTIARE— BASETTE 


75 


*  Barlavent  iare  ;  to  tie-to,  awaiting  a  fair  wind. 

Bartetta  (Bariletta)  /  (It.  barile) ; 
I.  barrel-shaped  flask  to  hang  from  a 
traveller's  girdle.  2.  a  bird,  (a)  the 
orange-legged  hobby,  Falco  vespertinus, 
also  termed  —  ceciata,  cenerina,  piom- 
bina,  or  mjschia,  Falco  cuculo,  Falcone 
coi  piedi  rossi,  Falchetto,  (6)  hobby, 
Falco  subluteo,  also  termed  Lodolaio, 
Falchetto,  Falco  da  uccelli. 

—  oliata,./?^.  girl  with  an  illegitimate  child. 
Barlettaio  in.;  maker  of  Barlette. 
t  Barletto  m. ;  i.  clamp  to  hold  a  piece  of  wood 
for  carving,     ii.   small  barrel;  Sgocciolare  il  — ,  to 
tell  the  whole  story. 

*  Bariione  „,. ;  =  Bariletto,  small  barrel. 


half-blind. 

•Barlonco  in. ;  i.  =  Barchetta,  boat.  ii.  (mar.) 
conical  wine-jar,  so  shaped  that  it  should  not  upset 
the  wine  when  the  vessel  rolled. 

*  Barlonzo  m.  ;  =  Sbalzo,  a  jump. 
*Barlonzolo  tti. ;  v.  Ballotta. 

*  Barlotto  >n.  ;=  Barletta.    SollecitareorPettinare 
—  ,  to  drink  to  excess.     Ribaciare  il  — ,  to  return 

to  driaking. 

Barlozzo  ;«.;  small  barrel. 

Barlume  m.  (L.  lunun  with  prefix, 
v.  Bar-) ;  glimmer. 

*  Barluzzo ;    A    —  =  A    bruzzico,    at    dawn     v. 
Bruzzico. 

Barnabita  ,„.;  monk  of  the  Congregation  of 
St  Paul. 

*  Barnaggio  in.  (mlt.  baronagium) ;  i.   barony 
11.   assembly  of  barons,     iii.    feat  of  arms. 

*  Barnocco  m. ;  blow  on  the  head. 

*  Barnusso  ///. ;  a  seaman's  cape  or  cloak. 

Baro  m.  (L.  baro,  dunce,  -v.  Barone, 
sub  fin.);  cheat,  swindler  (at  cards). 

*  Barocchio  »/. ;  usury. 
Barocchismo  w. ;  v.  Barocco. 


(A)    v.     Barroccio, 
Monello,  urchin. 


Barbccio    m.  ; 
carriage. 

t(B)  (It.  baro); 

Bar6cco  (Portug.  barroco  or  Span. 
barrueco,  pearl  which  is  not  round, 
prob.  from  L.  verruca,  wart,  possibly 
however  from  bis-roca,  twisted  stone)  ; 
awkward,  in  bad  taste,  over-orna- 
mented. 

*i.  profit  considered  unfair.  In  this  sense  the 
word  may  be  connected  with  Baro,  a  cheat  ii  a 
certain  form  of  logical  syllogism. 

*  Baroccolo  ;  =  *  Barocco  (i). 

Baroccume  m.;  lot  of  bad  things. 

*  Baroco  ;«.;=•  Barocco  (ii). 
Bar6metr-o  in.  (Gr.);  barometer.    Aft.  -jco. 
Barona;  Alia  —  ,  untidily,  clumsily. 
Baronare  ;  to  be  a  rogue,  to  cheat. 

Baronata  /  ;  dirty  trick,  piece  of 

cheating. 

Baroncello  m.  •  =  Birbaretla.  little 
rascal. 

Baroncino  m.  ;  son  of  a  baron. 
Baroncio  in.  ;  i.  ugly  deformed  person,    ii.  raga- 
muffin. 

Barone  ;«.  ;  i.  baron,  as  a  title. 
2.  a  game  played  with  dice.  3.  augm. 
Baro,  rascal;  Baron  cornuto  or  col- 
1'  effe,  utter  scoundrel. 

*i.    title  given  in  reverence  or  respect  to  saints 
and  other  personages,     ii.  man  of  valour,     iii.   bus. 
band,     iv     Mandare  or  Andare  a!  -,  to  obtain  the 
highest  throw  of  the  dice.     v.   Mandare  uno  al  — 
to  tell  him  to  go  to  the  devil. 

£l3",*'  (from  '•'""=>    "  Walloon  (W»«,  tmsband  • 


husband,  brave   soldier,   noble,  feudal    lord.      Bar,< 
occurs  in  Latin  with  the  meanings  (r)  dunce,  (2)  camp 
follower,  fVXfat  d'armee,  and  is  believed  to  be  of 
Gaulish  origin  ;   Isidore  assigns  to  it  the  meaning  of 
mercenary,  accustomed  to  hard  work.     Amongst  the 
Celtic  group  we  find   old  Welsh  bar,  hero.      It  is 
objected  that  it  is  only  in  Latin  and   German  that 
nominative  and  accusative  differ,  but  is  our  know- 
ledge of  old  Celtic  complete  enough  to  enable  us  to 
say  that  it  had  no  such  inflection ;    and  do  we  not 
find  in  low  Latin  barus:  barvm  -vel  feminam  in  the 
law  of  the  Germans?     The    word  fear,  man    also 
occurs   in   Cejtic,  and   in   fact    we   find  varones  in 
the  texts  which  come  from  the  neighbourhood  of  the 
Pyrenees,  and  faranes  in  a  very  old  author  (see  Du 
Cange).     Diez  is  disposed  to  refer  baro  to  O. H.G. 
beran,  Goth,  bairan,  to  carry,  so  that  the  primary 
meaning  would  be  strong  man  and  the  other  senses 
developments   from   this.      Burguy   also    derives   it 
from  bairan,  to  carry,  but  by  another  route :   A.S 
beam,  Frisian  bent,  a  child,  a  human  being:   A.S. 
beam,  a  grown-up  man.     These  Germanic  etymolo- 
gies without  being  completely  certain  are  probable' 
but  it  is  also  probable  that  the  Celtic  bar  and  per- 
haps/twr  have  concurred  in  confirming  and  defining 
the  sense  of  the  Germanic  word  and  have  left  traces 
in  tarns  and  mfaro.     In  old  French  we  have  Ii  her 
nomin.  sing.,  from  bdro  with  an  accent  on  the  a  • 
le  tarou  accusative  sing,   from  banSnem   with   the 
accent  on  the  o;  Ii  baron  nomin.  plur.;  les  barons 
accusative   plur.     The  necessity  of  accounting  for 
ter  aod   karai  by  a  moveable  accent   prevents  us 
from  paying  any  attention  to  vir  which  was  formerly 
proposed  as  the  etymology." 

The  Italian  Baro,  cheat,  with  its  augmentative 
Barone,  must  be  the  Latin  baro,  though  the  meaning 
of  baro  was  not  "cheat "  but  "dunce."  The  L.  baro  is 
not  ihe  same  word  as  the  mlt.  baro,  but  itsetvmoloev 
is  unknown. 

Baron-eria;  scoundrelism.  -escamente 
-esco,  -essa,  -essina,  -etto  the  English  title  •  v 
Barone. 

*Baronevole;  noble  and  brave. 

Baronia/;  barony.  «i.  a  number  of  barons 
or  the  barons  of  a  district  collectively,  ii.  band  of 


Barroceiaio  m. ;  I.  carrier.  2.  porter 
in  a  large  shop.  3.  carter. 

Barrocciata/;  cart-load. 

Barroccinaio  m. ;  i .  one  who  lets 
out  carts.  2.  one  who  goes  round 
selling  with  a  cart. 

Barroccfno  m.  (dim.  Barroccio)  ; 
i.  hand-cart.  2.  light  cart  with  no  back 
to  the  seat,  for  racing. 

Barrbccio  (Baroccio,  Biroccio)  m. 
(L.  birotus<bi-,  rota);  I.  large  two- 
wheeled  cart.  2.  contents  of  the  same. 
3.  (mar.)  carling,  carline. 

Barr6tto  m. ;  fire-bar. 

Barriicolo  m. ;  a  sort  of  two-wheeled 
barrow  without  sides  or  end  pieces. 

Bartolomeo  m.  ;  Prov.  Se  vuoi  esser  amico 
meo,  non  mi  far  del  cacio  barca  ne  del  pan  Bartolomeo 
do  not  scoop  out  the  last  of  the  cheese  nor  make  the 
bread  look  foolish  by  taking  all  its  crust,  said  to  one 
who  is  being  greedy,  11.  Meo. 

Bartol6ni  m.  pi.;  (print.)  two  stout  pegs 
joining  the  drum  to  the  type-case. 


Baruffa   /    (O.H.G. 
Ruffa) ;   quarrel. 


biraufan,    v. 


brave  men.     iii.    pride,  display. 

*  Baroscopio  in.  •  barometer. 

*Barozzayl;  a  kind  of  large  wheelbarrow  As 
a  measure  of  quantity,  three  thousand  pounds  or 
ten  Some. 

Barr-a  /  (mlt.  barra,  perhaps  from 
Celtic  bar,  bough,  akin  to  L.  veru,  pike ; 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Bar) ;  i.  bar.  2.  sand-bar 
before  a  harbour.  3.  game  of  prisoner's 
base.  4.  =  Sbarra,  q.v.  5.  in //.,  gaps 
in  a  horse's  teeth  where  the  bit  goes 
6.  (mar.)  helm,  tiller;  Mettere  la  —  in 
mezzo,  to  put  the  helm  amidships,  to 
right  the  helm.  In  pi. :  7.  -e  costiere, 
trestle-trees.  8.  cross-trees. 

Barracuta  /  (Spanish,  cp.  Span. 
barmco,  a  boar,  var.  of  -verruca,  v. 
Verre);  barracoot,  a  West  Indian  fish, 
Sphyratna  baracuta. 

Barraggio  m.  (Fr.  barrage,  Italian- 
ised); dam. 

Barrare  (A) ;  to  bar  the  passage  of. 
*(B) ;  =  Barare,  to  cheat. 

Barrato  ;  crossed  (cheque). 

'Barreria/;  cheating,  -a.  Barare. 


u          ,'  •=  aoon  (»«,  msan    • 

1  f  i.  titr  or  tiers,  accusative  baron  •  Provtnc   bar 
accusative  baron'.    Span,    varon.     The  meaning  of 
rfl  in  tne  Romance  languages  is  strong  man, 


j-  f--,  —  di  prova,  sample 

strips  for  testing. 

Barric-are  ind.  barrico;  to  bar  up. 
Aff.  -ata,  barricade. 

Barriera/:;  barrier. 

Barr-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  <  barrus, 
elephant,  an  Indian  word)  ;  of  the 
elephant,  to  trumpet. 

Barro  m.  (Span,  word) ;  j .  bole,  a  kind  of  odori- 
ferous  clay  used  in  making  Buccheri,  vases.  2  the 
vase  itself,  v.  Bucchero. 

t  Barrocchio  in. ;  knot  of  hair  at  the  back  of  the 
head. 

Barrocciabile ;  (road)  practicable  for 
carts. 


Barugioli   ,„.  fl.;    Tra   ugioli  e  — ,  all  told 

7'.    Ugioli. 

Barult ;  v.  Barulle. 

Barulla/  (Prob.  < bit.  **bi-rotula, 
double  quarter-circle,  making  the  two 
halves  of  the  centering);  i.  centering 
for  building  an  arch.  2.  rim  from  which 
the  dome  of  an  oven  springs. 

Barullare  ;  to  build  the  centering  for  an  arch. 

Barulte  or  Barule  /;  the  top  of  a 

stocking  rolled  down. 

Barullo  m. ;  spreg.  (A)  hawker,  in 
which  sense  cp.  Baro.  See  also  Riven- 
dugliolo.  (B)  (mlt.  baro,  v.  Barone); 
fool. 

Baruzzola/;  =  Alzavola,  teal. 
Barzayl;  a  cask,  one-fourth  of  a  Barile. 

Barzeltett-a  /  (dim.  *Barzella  for 
*Barnella,  from  Span,  barrica,  cask,  the 
jest  accompanying  the  broaching  of  the 
cask) ;  witticism.  Aff.  -are. 

Basa/;  i.  =  Base,  base.     a.  fig.  fe  Ia  sua  — 
it  is  in  that  occupation  that  he  feels  at  home 
T  Basacco  m. ;  sloven. 

Basale  »«.;=Base. 

Basalischio,  -istio  or  -isco  m.;  v.  Basilisco 

Basalt-e  or  -o  in.  (L.,  from  an  African  source): 
basalt,  a  hard  greenish  black  rock.  Aff.  -ico 

Basamento  in.;  i.  footings  of  a  wall  up  to  the 
damp  course.  2.  base  ofa  column  or  of  a  wall  which 
has  a  similar  projecting  base,  HSU.  Imbasamento. 

Basanp ;  fop.  for  Sudicio,  dirty. 

Basapie  m. ;  (hot.)  prickly  seeded  caltrops 
v.  Ccccarello. 

Baiare  (A);  to  base.    *  (B) ;  =  Baciare,  to  kiss. 

Bascia :  =  Pascia. 

Bascialatico  in. ;  Pashalic. 

Bascialato  in. ;  office  ofa  Pasha. 

Basciare;-  Baciare,  to  kiss. 
*Basco;  =  Stupido. 

Basculla  (Barculla)  /  (Fr.  bascule) ; 
weighbridge. 

Base/  (L.<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  base 
Basella  f.;   (bot.)  a  tropical  genus  of  Cheno- 
potitaceae. 

Basello  in. ;  =  Vasello,  vase. 
•Baseo  »/.  ;=Baggeo,  dolt. 

Basette  /  //.  (perhaps  for  Bamba- 
sette,  v.  Bambagia);  moustaches,  strictly 
the  hair  that  joins  up  the  beard  and 
whiskers.  —  delta  spada,  ornaments  on 
a  sword-hilt. 


10 — 2 


76 


BASETTINE— BASTIMENTO 


Basettine  f.  pi.,  or  -ini  m.  pi. ;  dim. 
Basette. 

Basettino  m. ;  bearded  tit,  v.  Cinciallegra  (7). 

Basett6ne  m.  ;  man  with  long 
moustaches. 

Basilare  ;  (anat.)  basilar,  (bat.)  basal. 

Basitea/;  (geogr.)  Basle,  in  Switzer- 
land. 

Basiliano ;  of  the  Order  of  St  Basil. 

Basilica  /  (L.,  <  Gr.  /3a<nXiicij) ; 
i.  ancient  Roman  law-court.  2.  church 
on  the  same  general  plan,  i.e.  a  plain 
oblong  with  a  flat  roof  and  an  apse  at 
one  end.  3.  any  cathedral  or  large 
church,  whatever  its  ground  plan,  but 
not  of  Gothic  architecture.  The  term 
is  applied  to  five  great  churches  in 
Rome,  -viz.  those  of  St  Peter,  St  John 
Lateran,  St  Paul  beyond  the  city  wall, 
Sta.  Maria  Maggiore,  and  S.  Lorenzo. 

As  adj. ,  Vena  — ,  the  basilic  vein  along  the 
inner  side  of  the  arm. 

Basil  icale  adj.  \  v.  Basilica. 

Basilico  m.;  <J>ot.)  herb  Basil,  Ocimum  basiti- 
cum. 

Basilisco  m.  (Gr.  jia<n\ia-Kos,  little 
king);  basilisk,  i.e.  I.  a  fabled  animal 
with  poisonous  breath  and  even  poison- 
ous glance.  2.  a  S.  American  lizard 
with  a  crest  something  like  a  crown, 
whence  its  name.  3.  a  large  gun  which 
went  into  disuse  from  its  unwieldiness. 

*the  star  in  Leo  now  known  as  Regulus. 

*  Basiment  o  in. ;  fainting  fit. 

*  Basina  /;  =  Hazzottia.  pottage. 

Basin o  m.  (Fr.  basin  for  bombasin, 
bit.  bombacinus,  from  L.  bowbax,  Gr. 
@6fi.f$v£,  silkworm) ;  bombazine,  a  twilled 
fabric  of  which  the  warp  is  silk  and  the 
weft  worsted. 

Bas-ire  ind.  -isco  (Celtic,  cp.  old 
Irish  bds,  dead);  to  tremble  or  faint 
with  fright,  hunger,  etc. 

*  Basdffia  f. ;  v.  Bazzofna,  pottage. 

*  Basoffibne  »i.\  big  fat  man. 

*  Basolo  m.  ;=  Appoggio,  support. 

*  Basoso;  =  Stupido,  wooden-headed. 

*  Bassa  f. ;   i.    a  kind  of  dance  for  two  or  four 
persons,     ii.    low-lying  ground. 

Bassa  m. ;  pasha. 

'Bassadanza  _/". ;  (wits.)  music  for  a  certain 
dance. 

*Bassaridey7  (Gr.  Bao-trapevs,  one  of  the  titles 
of  Bacchus, </3a<70-apa,  fox-skin);  Bacchante. 

*  Bassata  f. ;  low  ground. 

Bassetta  /  ;  I.  (a)  broken  wine 
bottle,  (6)  bottle  with  its  straw  cover 
torn.  2.  skin  of  a  very  young  lamb. 
3.  basset,  an  old  card  game  resembling 
Faro. 

*  Fare  Una  — ,  i.    to  cause  a  person's  death   by 
neglect  or  carelessness,     ii.  to  break  down  in  health  ; 
Una — ,  an  unhealthy  person,    tiii.  law-suit. 

*  Bassettare  ;  to  cause  death,  T/.  *  Bassetta  (i). 

Bassetto ;  dim.  Basso,  usu.  Bassino. 
As  sb.  (t/nis.):  i.  a  small  double-bass. 

2.  the   lowest   part  when   the  bass   is 
silent.     3.   an  8  or  16  foot  reed  stop  in 
the  organ.  4.  =  Partimento  breve,  figured 
bass. 

Bass^zza/;  i.  lowness.   2.  poverty. 

3.  baseness. 

Bass-o  ;  i.  low,  short  (person). 
2.  lower  (i.e.  nearer  the  sea,  e.g.  Lower 


Egypt).  3.  shallow  (water).  4.  narrow 
(cloth).  5.  (vineyard)  situated  on  flat 
ground.  6.  of  an  instrument,  tuned  low. 

7.  Messa  -a,  low  mass,  without  music. 

8.  of     the     moveable     feasts,     early. 

9.  humble   (birth).      10.    vulgar   (lan- 
guage),    n.  bad  (money).     12.  inferior 
(wine).       13.    junior    (official),    inferior 
(clergy),  non-commissioned,  petty  (offi- 
cer); -a  forza,  the  rank  and  file.     14.  -i 
tempi,  Middle  ages.     15.    -a  Latinita, 
low  Latin,  v.  Latinita. 

Phrases :  16.  Farla  -a,  to  hit  the 
target  below  the  bull's  eye.  17.  Tenere 
uno  —  a  denari,  to  keep  him  short  of 
money.  18.  Dar  le  carte  -e,  to  deal 
cards  so  that  they  cannot  be  seen. 
19.  Far  alto  e  — ,  =  Comandar  a  bac- 
chetta,  to  rule  with  severity ;  Baciar 
— ,  to  be  very  respectful.  20.  Guardar 
d'  alto  in  — ,  to  look  down  upon  with  a 
patronising  air.  21.  Far  man  -a,  to 
steal.  22.  II  tetto  e  — ,  i.e.  there  are 
children  here,  you  must  be  careful  what 
you  say. 

As  sb. :  23.  lower  part;  Da  — ,  at 
the  bottom  of  a  house.  24.  shoal,  usu. 
Basso  fondo.  25.  Alti  e  -i,  ups  and 
downs  of  an  illness.  26.  in  playing  at 
Pallone,  Da  — ,  is  the  side  receiving 
the  service,  opposed  to  Dal  tetto,  the 
service  side ;  Quindici  dal  tetto  e  trenta 
da  — ,  fifteen  to  thirty,  the  server  being 
fifteen.  27.  (miis.)  the  bass;  —  con- 
tinuo,  a  continuous  or  thorough  bass. 
28.  bass  voice;  --  profondo,  a  deep 
bass  voice.  29.  as  an  instrument  — 
was  what  is  now  termed  Contrabbasso, 
double  bass. 

*  i.   young,     ii.  Porlar  —  il  ciglio,  to  be  ashamed, 
iii.  Uomo  di  —  affare,  of  humble  condition ;  Gente 
di  -a  mano,  of  poor  intelligence  and  political  status ; 
Scrittore  di  -a  mano,  poor  writer,     iv.    Far  man  -a, 
to  kill.     v.    —  ve-spero,  late  in  the  evening,     vi.   -i 
tempi  dell'  anno,  when  the  days  are  short,    vii.  Colla 
lancia  -a,  with  the  lance  in  rest.     viii.   Fare  il  — ,  to 
pretend  to  be  stupid. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  and  Prpvenc.  bas,  Span. 
bajo.  The  origin  of  the  word  is  prob,  the  Latin 
proper  name  Bassus  explained  by  Papias  as  meaning 
•  short  in  stature."  Walde  suggests  that  it  may  be 
<  Gr.  nao-erwi',  comparative  of  TTC^VS,  thick, 
t  Bass6io  nt.\~  Vassoio,  tray. 

*  Bassolata_/^;  mental  agitation. 
Bassoliccio  tn. ;  material  made  on  the  low  warp. 
Bass6ne  tn. ;    i.    strong  and  deep  bass  voice. 

2.  bassoon. 

Bassdra  /.';  a  kind  of  gum. 
Bassorilievo  ;//.  ;    bas-relief.     A  — ,   in  low 
relief. 

Bassbtto ;  i.  dim.  Basso,  rather 
short.  As  sb. :  2.  thin  paste  for  biscuits, 
etc.;  in  pi.,  the  corresponding  biscuits. 

3.  dog  of  the  Dachshund  breed,  basset 
hound. 

Basta  or  Bastia  /  (A)  (Romance 
root  bast,v.  Bastire,  Imbastire);  i.  basted 
work,  done  with  long  stitches  so  as  to 
be  readily  undone.  2.  tuck  in  a  child's 
frock  so  that  the  frock  can  be  lengthened 
as  the  child  grows. 

(B)  as  adv.,  stop!  enough!,  T.  Bas- 
tare. 

Bastabile ;  possibly  sufficient. 

•Bastaccone  w.;=Mastaccone,  lout. 

*  Bast  agio  HI.  (root  bast,  T.  Bastire) ;  — Facchino, 
porter. 


Bastaio  m. ;  maker  of  Basti,  pack- 
saddles. 

*  Bastalena  f.\  A  — ,  with  all  one's  might. 

Bastantemente ;  sufficiently. 

Bastanza/;  A — ,  sufficiently. 

Bastard-a  / ;  i.  =  Galea  bastarda,  a 
galley  of  large  size.  2.  mainsail  of  such 
a  galley.  3.  saucepan.  4.  a  coarse  file, 
tin  pi.  (mar.):  i.  -e  delle  sartie,  sheer 
ratlines,  ii.  middle  staysails. 

Bastard-accio;/*^.  of -p.  -aggineyC;  =  -ume. 

*  Bastardato  ;=  Imbastardito,  degenerated. 

Bastardella  /  ;  i.  saucepan.  2.  at 
Florence,  an  earthenware  stewing  pot. 
3.  scherz.  carriage  or  room  where  too 
many  people  are  packed  in. 

*i.  a  galley  with  a  kind  of  divided  poop.    Alia — , 
(a  ship)  with  a  poop  similar  to  that  of  a  Bastardella. 
Bastardeilo  m.  \~ Trovatcllo,  foundling. 

*  register  or  day-book  kept  in  public  offices. 
Bastardin-o  m.,  -a/.',  bastard  baby.    *(rtrrir.) 

=  Artimone. 

Bastard-o;  i.  cross-bred.  2.  bastard. 

3.  of  plants,  resembling  a  better  species. 

4.  false  (idea),  illegitimate  (use  of  lan- 
guage).     5.    of   furniture,    too    large ; 
Letto  — ,   bed   too  large  for  one  and 
insufficient  for  two;  Tenda  -a,  tent  with 
only  one  side.    6.  Lingua,  Modi  -i,  taken 
from    another    language    without    any 
need.      7.    Lima    -a,    bastard    file,    of 
medium   coarseness.     8.    (print.)   type 
cast  with  an  extra  deep  bevel  to  obviate 
the  use  of  leads,  as  Long  Primer  face 
on  Pica  body.     9.    (arch.)  Ordine  — , 
architecture  of  a  mongrel  description. 
10.  mainsail  of  a  galley,     n.  cannon  of 
short  length  in  proportion  to  its  calibre. 
12.   in  pi.,  (mar.*)  parrel-ropes  by  which 
a  yard  is  confined  to  its  mast  at  the 
slings. 

fctyiii.  mlt.  bastardus  or  old  Fr.  bastard<\*. 
bastum  with  the  Germanic  termination  -ardits,  r>. 
-ardo  in  loco ;  bastitm,  pack-saddle,  here  indicating 
contempt ;  baitardns.  son  of  a  pack-saddle,  not  of  a 
bed. 

Bastard6ne  m. ;  i .  nugm.  Bastardo. 
2.  =  Bastardume  (4). 

Bastardume  »/. ;  spreg.  i.  quantity 
of  imitation  things.  2.  lot  of  bastard 
children.  3.  illegitimacy.  4.  (bol.) 
sucker. 

Bastare  (root  bast,  to  carry,  v.  Basto, 
hence  to  be  sufficient  to  carry,  to  suffice); 
to  suffice.  The  3rd  sing.  Basta!  is  used 
alone  to  mean,  it  is  enough,  i.e.  Stop ! 
*to  last,  hold  out. 

*  Bastellame     m.  ;     {mar.)  =  Attrazzi,     ship's 
sundries. 

*  Basterna  J.  (late  L.  supposed  to  be  derived 
from  the  name  of  the  Basterni) ;  ox-cart  for  travelling ; 

Jig.  the  chariot  of  the  Church,  D.  Purg.  30.  16. 

Baste"vole;  sufficient. 

*i.  lasting,     ii.  endurable,  tolerable. 
Bastevol-ezza,  -mente;  T'.  Bastevole. 
Bastia  f.;=  Basta,  f.v. 

Bastia  f.  (It.  bastita);  i.  stockade. 
2.  fort. 

*  Bastiere  in. ;  v.  Bastaio. 
tBasti-etta,  -iettina/;  dim.  Bastia. 

Bastiglia  f.  (Fr.,<Proven9.  bastida,  part,  of 
/•astir,  to  build,  v.  Bastire);  fortified  prison,  esp. 
the  Bastille  of  Paris  stormed  in  1789. 

Bastimento  m.  (O.Fr.  or  Proveng. 
bastiment,  v.  Bastire;  the  Provenc.. 
bast  ire  and  Fr.  bAtir,  having  taken  the 


BAST  IN  A— BATTERE 


77 


special  sense  of  building  ships) ;  ship, 
or  shipload.  -  cisterna,  tank  vessel 
for  carrying  petroleum. 

Bastina  /  (It.  basto);  light  pack- 
saddle  without  saddle-bows. 

Bastinga  f.  (Fr.  bastingue,  from  the 
same  root  as  Bastire,  q.v.) ;  mattresses, 
etc.,  arranged  on  a  ship  as  a  shield 
against  musketry  fire. 

Bastingagg-iow. ; hammock  netting; 
Col  —  all'  acqua,  gunwale  to ;  Formare 
i  -i,  to  stow  the  seamen's  hammocks  in 
the  nettings. 

Bastion-are,  -ata ;  v.  Bastione. 

Basti6ne  m.  (bit.  basttre,  v.  Bastire) ; 
i.  earthwork,  bastion.  2.  v.  Bastinga. 
3-  fig-  Person  of  firm  character. 

•  Bastire  ;  to  build.     Etym.    Zambaldi  connects 


and  It.  *bastire,  to  build,  and,  in  another,  the  It.  1m- 
bastire,  to  join  together  by  rough  sewing,  E.  basting. 
It  seems,  however,  more  natural  to  refer  the  words 
for  sewing  to  O.H.G.  beatan,  to  sew.  Be  this  as  it 
may,  it  seems  clear  that  in  the  Romance  languages 
there  are  two  roots  bast,  one  meaning  "to  sew"  and 
the  other  "to  carry  or  to  build,"  which  may  or  may 
not  be  fundamentally  connected  together. 

*Bastitay^:  palisade,  fortification,  bastion. 

Bast-o  in.  (bit.  bastum,  Fr.  bdl,  Pro- 
veng.  bast,  from  the  Romance  root  bast, 
to  carry,  v.  Bastire) ;  pack-saddle,  fig. 
heavy  burden.  Phrases:  i.  Da  —  e 
da  sella,  serviceable  in  more  ways  than 
one.  2.  Non  trovar  —  che  gli  entri, 
never  to  be  satisfied  with  his  situation. 

3.  Gli  sta  meglio  che  il  —  all'  asino, 
i.e.  it  serves  him  right.    4.  Chi  non  puo 
dar  all'  asino  da  al  — ,  he  who  dare  not 
find  fault  in  one  direction  will  do  so  in 
another.     5.   Non  portar  — ,  not  to  put 
up  with  rude  treatment.    6.  —  rovescio, 
also   termed  Zanella  or  Risciacquo,  a 
paved  channel   in  a  road  for  carrying 
off  water;   A  —  rovescio,  of  a  hollow 
road  where  the  water  runs  down  the 
middle,  opposed  to  A  schiena  d'  asino, 
hog-backed. 

Secondary  senses :  7.  trough  for 
mixing  the  clay  in  brick-making.  8.  at 
the  game  of  Ombre,  the  third  card 
in  value,  the  ace  of  clubs. 

*i.  Caricar  a  uno  il  — ,  to  beat  or  abuse  him. 
it.  Non  portar  — ,  to  be  unmarried,  iii.  Rodere  il 
—  a  uno,  to  spread  bad  reports  of  one  who  has  done 
as  much  to  us;  Rodersi  i  -i,  to  find  fault  with  each 
other,  iv.  Serrare  il  —  addosso  a  uno,  lit.  to  tighten 
his  pack,  i.e.  to  stimulate  his  activity.  v.  —  a 
rovescio,  narrow  valley  between  two  mountains. 

Baston-are ;  i.  to  beat,  to  cudgel. 
2.  to  sell  cheap.  3.  Andar  a  —  i  pesci, 
i.e.  to  be  sent  to  the  galleys.  4.  fig.  to 
do  a  job  hastily,  carelessly.  Aff.  -ata, 
-at6re,  -atura. 

Bastoncello   or    Bastonce'tto    ;;/. ; 

1.  dim.  Bastone.     2.   sugar-stick  with 
anise. 

Bastoncino   in. ;    i.    dim.    Bastone. 

2.  a   sort   of  rusk   to   be  eaten   after 
dipping  in  coffee,  etc.     3.  ribbed  cloth. 

4.  (arch.)  astragal. 

Bastonci6ne  or  Bastonciotto  m.  ;  tiuffm. 
Bastone. 

Bast6n-e  m.  ( Romance  root  bast,  to 
support,  i'.  liastire);  I.  walking-stick; 


Tirar  di  — ,  to  play  at  single-stick  ; 
Giocar  di  — ,  to  flourish  a  stick ;  —  della 
bambagia,  a  mild,  but  sufficient,  correc- 
tion. 2.  marshal's  baton.  3.  perch  in 
a  fowl-house.  4.  handle  of  a  broom. 

5.  long   thin   piece    of    bread,   sippet. 

6.  the  name  of  one  of  the  four  suits  in 
a  pack  of  cards  for  playing  Minchiate 
or   Tarocchi,   see   the    note   to    Carta ; 
Accennar  coppe  e  dar  -i,  to  say  one 
thing  and   do  another,  if.   Accennare. 

7.  —  da  Latinare,  leather-dresser's  rod 
for  removing  the  wool  from  a  sheep- 
skin.    8.   —  d'  oro,   (hot.)   wallflower, 
v.  Violacciocca  (2).     9.   (mar.')  =  Asia, 
boom  ;  —  di  fiamma,  pennant  staff;  —  a 
gancio,  boat-hook.    10.  (arch.)  astragal, 
a  little  round  moulding  at  the  top  or 
foot  of  a  column,     u.  carpenter's  plane 
with  a  convex  cutting  edge,  a  plough- 
plane. 

*i.  Metter  un  legno  su  per  un  — ,  i.e.  to  make  a 
bjunder.  ii.  a  kind  of  astrolabe,  v.  Balestra  (iii). 
iii.  =Biffa,  q.v. 

*  Bast oniere  IK.  ;  i.  mace-bearer,     ii.  iictor. 
Bastorovescio  «/.;  v.  Basto  (6). 

*  Bastracone  in. ;  "j.  Bastaccone. 

Bastr£  m.;  I.  public  dance  of  a  low 
class.  2.  brothel. 

tBastrigay^;  an  arrangement  of  ropes  for  tying 
a  cask  on  to  the  back  of  an  animal. 

*Batacchiay!;=Bastonata,  blow  with  a  stick. 

Batacchiare ;  to  beat. 

Bataccbio  m.  (bit.  ** bataculum,  < 
L.  battiere,  to  beat) ;  i .  stick,  pole. 
2.  clapper  of  a  bell.  3.  fig.  dolt. 

*  Batalo  m. ;  71.  Batolo. 

t  Batalbne  m. ;  black  fig. 
tBatanai  »/.  ;-Badanai,  uproar. 

*  Batassare  (Gr.  TraTatrtrw,  to  knock);   to  knock 
(a  plant)  about,  shake  it. 

*  Batasteo  ?H.  ;  noisy  dispute. 

Batata  f. ;  (bot.)  sweet  potato,  Con- 
volvulus batatas.  *  =  Patata,  potato. 

*  Batignanese  in. ;  a  variety  of  fig. 

*  Batillo  tn.\  a  term  of  infamy,  after  Anacreon. 

Batista  (from  its  inventor  Baptiste, 
of  Cambrai  in  Flanders) ;  Tela  — , 
cambric. 

*  Batisteo  or  Batistero  m. ;  T.  Battistero. 

*  Batistini  m.  pi. ;   Aver  i  — ,  to  tremble  with 
fright.     Fare  entrar  i  —  a  uno,  to  enrage  him. 

t  Batocchiare ;  to  beat. 

Batdcchio  m.  (variant  of  Batacchio); 

1.  stick,  esp.  blind [man's  stick.    2.  =  Ba- 
tacchio. 

Batolo  m.  (mlt.  batulus,  further 
etym.  iinkn.);  I.  cowl,  priest's  mantle. 

2.  doctor's  hood.     3.   any  broad  band. 
4.   Mezzo  — ,  that  worn  by  the  inferior 
clergy.    5.  =  Platea,  subaqueous  founda- 
tion of  a  wall  or  pier.     6.   (mar.)  any 
flat  surface  projecting  outside  the  ship, 
also  termed  Bittalo. 

Batdmetro  in. ;  bathymeter,  any  sounding 
apparatus  other  than  that  of  simply  heaving  the 
lead. 

Bat6sta  f.  (considered  by  Caix  a 
compound  of  Battere  and  Tostare) ; 
i.  a  severe  shake  to  a  person's  health 
or  to  his  financial  position,  from  illness 
or  misfortune.  2.  dispute.  *  battle. 

t  Batostare ;  to  dispute  noisily. 

Batrachi  or  Batraci  ///.  //.  (Gr.  ^arpa^o?, 
frog);  the  frog  class  of  animals. 

Batrachio  m. ;  (tat.)  kingcup,  v.  Piede  (i8,/). 

Batraco  «/. ;  tumour  consisting  of  an  obstructed 
suhlingual  salivary  gland. 


Battaglia  /.  (bit.  balualia  <  L.  batu- 
ere);  battle. 

*  i.   troop  of  soldiers,     ii.   main  body  of  an  army, 
iii.    field  of  battle. 

Battagli-are  ?'£.,  -ero;  warlike,  combative; 
v.  Battaglia. 

Battaglino  m. ;  dim.  Battaglio. 

Battaglio  m. ;  i.q.  Batacchio,  clapper 
of  a  bell. 

*  Battagliola  f.\  parapet. 

Battaglione  m. ;  attgiii.  *  Battaglia  (i),  bat- 
talion. 

tBattana  /. ;  skiff"  on  the  Venetian  lagoons. 

*  Battarella  f.;  =  Nottolino,   catch   for   holding 
the  cogs  of  a  cogwheel,  etc. 

Batt611-o  m.  (dim.  of  *  Batto,  q.v.) ; 
boat,  dinghy.  -  meda  o  segnale, 
beacon-boat.  —  da  traffico,  ferry-boat. 
—  da  verdura,  bumboat.  Aff.  -ata  boat- 
load, -duo  dim.,  -iere  boatman. 

Battello-porta  /;/. ;  caisson,  floating 
gate  of  a  dock. 

Battent-e  in.;  \.  leaf  of  a  folding 
door  or  shutter.  2.  the  part  of  the 
frame  of  a  mirror,  etc.,  where  the  glass 
fits  into  the  frame ;  —  di  boccaporto, 
(mar.)  coamings.  3.  door-knocker. 
4.  flap  of  a  desk.  5.  fly  or  length  of 
a  flag.  *Secolari  -i,  flagellants. 

Batt-ere  perf.  batt-ei  -e"sti  -e"  -dnimo 
-e"ste  -drono,  fut.  batter&,  parts,  batt- 
-endo  -ente  -uto  (L.  baluere);  to  strike, 
beat,  to  forge,  to  thresh  with  a  flail,  to 
pound  (meat)  fine,  to  bring  out  clearly 
in  pronunciation,  to  fly  (a  flag).  —  il 
mare,  to  keep  the  sea. 

Phrases :  i.  E  batti,  or  E  bada 
a  — ,  an  exclamation  of  impatience 
when  someone  keeps  on  hammering  at 
the  same  point.  2.  Se  e'  battesse  una 
buona  occasione  comprerei  volentieri 
una  villetta,  I  should  like  to  buy  a 
cottage  in  the  country  if  a  good  oppor- 
tunity were  to  occur.  3.  La  batte  Ii, 
or  giu  di  11,  that  is  about  how  it  stands. 
4.  Secondo  dove,  or  Come  la  batte,  or 
Tutto  sta  dove  la  batte,  it  just  depends 
upon  how  things  may  be.  5.  --  la 
campagna,  to  travel  commercially  in 
the  country  or,  as  a  highwayman,  to 
infest  some  district ;  fig.  to  beat  about 
the  bush.  6.  --la  capata,  to  knock 
one's  head  or  fig.  and  pop.  to  die  or 
to  be  ruined.  7.  —  la  diana,  (mil.)  to 
sound  the  re'veille'e.  8.  —  la  febbre,  to 
have  fever.  9.  —  le  gazzette,  to  shiver 
with  cold.  10.  —  un  luogo,  to  frequent 
it.  u.  —  tra  mano,  or  sott'  occhio,  to 
turn  up  unexpectedly ;  Rovistando  le 
carte  di  quell'  archivio  mi  batte  tra 
mano  un  documento  importantissimo, 
as  I  was  rummaging  the  archives  there 
a  most  important  document  turned  up. 
12.  —  il  naso  a  una  persona,  to  meet 
him  just  when  not  desired.  13.  —  gli 
occhi,  to  wink ;  —  sott'  occhio,  v.  supra 
(ii).  14.  at  billiards,  —  la  palla,  or 
absol.  — ,  to  hit  the  adversary's  ball 
when  he  has  played  for  safety.  15.  at 
the  game  of  Pallone,  —  il  pallone,  to 
give  the  first  hit  and  put  the  ball  into 
play,  or  absol.  — ,  with  the  same  mean- 
ing, T.  Calcio.  16.  Qui  batte  il  punto, 


BATTERIA— BATTUTA 


this  is  the  point.  17.  —  il  tacco,  or  il 
taccone,  to  go  away. 

Of  horses:  18.  —  le  castagnette,  to 
strike  the  hind  and  fore  feet  together 
in  trotting.  19.  —  i  fianchi,  to  heave 
the  flanks  in  breathing,  either  from 
disease  or  fatigue.  20.  —  alia  mano, 
to  toss  the  head  up  and  down. 

As  refl.  -ersi :  21.  Non  so  dove 
-ermi  il  capo,  I  do  not  know  which 
way  to  turn  (to  get  what  I  want). 
22.  -ersela,  to  run  away,  take  oneself 
off.  23.  I  bilanci  se  la  battono,  income 
and  expenditure  balance.  24.  Ad  anni 
e'  se  la  battono,  they  are  of  the  same 
age.  25.  -ersi  con  qualche  cosa,  to 
prefer  it  to  everything  else  (referring  to 
articles  of  diet,  or  to  amusements). 

*i.  Battendo,  in  haste,  at  full  speed,  ii.  Insomnia 
ella  e  battuta :  cosi  vo'  fare,  well,  the  thing  is  settled  : 
this  is  what  I  will  do ;  the  metaphor  may  be  from 
the  game  of  Calcio,  i>.  supra  (15).  iii.  —  a  corda, 
to  resemble  exactly,  iv.  —  la  birba,  to  ask  for 
something  without  any  warrant,  v.  —  ta  bfrra,  to 
shiver  with  cold.  vi.  —  le  femu,  to  be  hungry. 
vii.  Un  castello  batte  quella  strada,  that  road  is  com- 
manded by  a  castle,  viii.  (mar.)  —  bandiera,  to  fly 
a  flag.  ix.  —  teiian,  to  strike  a  tent,  take  it  down, 
x.  -frsfia,  to  die. 

Batteria/;  I.  battery.  2.  (ait-ton.) 
outfit  of  any  apparatus,  e.g.  —  da  cucina, 
set  of  kitchen  utensils.  3.  striking 
mechanism  of  a  clock.  4.  (mat:)  - 
affogata,  low  battery ;  Nave  che  ha  la 
—  affogata,  ship  with  her  ports  too  low, 
too  near  the  water ;  —  coperta,  decked 
battery ;  Seconda  — ,  on  a  three-decker, 
main  deck  battery ;  In  — ! ,  Run  out  the 
guns! 

*  i.  —  del  tamburo,  beating  of  a  drum  in_  particular 
ways  as  a  mode  of  signalling,  ii.  breach  in  a  fortifi. 
cation  made  by  the  *ire  of  a  battery,  iii.  thr  a<  tunl 
firing  of  the  guns. 

Batte>i-dey:;  bacterium.     Aff.  -ologta. 

Battesim-o  ///.  (Or.  j3o7rrio-/«if) ; 
baptism.  La  niorte  non  guarda  le 
fedi  di  — ,  death  does  not  look  at 
baptismal  certificates,  i.e.  comes  to  the 
young  as  well  as  the  old.  —  di  sangue, 
martyrdom.  Questi  quadri  sono  -i,  i.e. 
these  pictures  are  not  genuine.  —  di 
desiderio,  moral  baptism,  when  baptism 
has  been  desired  but  could  not  be  given. 
Aff.  -ale. 

Battezz-are  ind.  battdzzo ;  i.  to  bap- 
tise, 2.  to  hold  a  baby  being  baptised. 

3.  Jig.  scherz.  to  add  water   to  wine. 

4.  -ato  in  domenica,  i.e.  fool,  the  ex- 
pression being  taker,  from  the  fact  that 
salt  used   not  to  be  sold  on  Sundays, 
whilst  salt  is  figuratively  synonymous 
with  good  sense. 

Ajf.  Battezz-and.o  candidate  for  baptism,  -atore, 
-aturio  font,  -iere  priest  whose  turn  it  is  to  be  taking 
the  baptisms. 

*  Battezzone  ;«. ;  a  Florentine  coin,  with  the 
image  of  the  Baptist,  worth  about  sixpence. 

Battibaleno  m.;  In  un  — ,  in  a 
lightning  flash,  a  moment. 

Battibe'cco  ///. ;  wordy  battle. 

t  Battibrdcche  m. ;  rivetter. 

Battic6da  /.;  i.  =  Ballerina,  white  wagtail. 
2.  —  gialla,  =  Cutti,  grey  headed  wagtail. 

Batticbffa/;;  (mar.)  the  tabling  or  lining  sewn 
on  to  a  topsail  where  it  is  liable  to  fray  against  the 
top,  top-lining. 

Batticbre  m.  ;  palpitation  of  the 
heart. 


Batticrocetta/:;  top-lining  of  the  top-gallant 
sails,  -v.  Batticoflfa. 

Batticulo  m. ;  i.  boys'  game  con- 
sisting in  bumping  against  the  ground 
the  boy  who  is  being  carried  "a  barella," 
v.  Barella.  2.  sclierz.  swallow-tail  jacket, 
"bum-shaver."  3.  (mar.)  studding-sail. 
4.  (mil.  hist.)  the  part  of  the  armour 
which  protected  the  posterior. 

Batticubre;  v.  Batticore. 

Battifianco  m. ;  partition  bar  be- 
tween horses  in  a  stable  where  there 
are  no  fixed  partitions. 

Battif-6co  or  -ubco  m.  •  the  steel  of 
a  flint  and  steel,  T.  Acciarino. 

•Battifolle  m. ;  i.  fortificatirtn,  either  for  attack 
or  defence,  ii.  citadel. 

F.tym.  O.H.G.  berg,  hill,  +  to/tie,  palisade, 
bcr?  being  first  changed  into  bert,  and  then  altered 
to  balti  under  the  influence  of  Battere.  For  Mile 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Bole, 

Battifondo  m. ;  a  form  of  billiard-pool  in  which 
one  player  plays  against  several  others  successively, 
undertaking  to  beat  them  all. 

*  Battifredo  or   Bettifredo  m.  (mlt.  berfredits 
or  belfredns,  from  M.  H.G.  berc-vrit  or  btrcrit,  tower 
of  defence,  cp.   berg-en   in    Albergo,   ?'.    Skeat,  sub 
Belfry.     Passing   into  Italian    the  word   underwent 
attraction   from    Battere,  cp.    Battifolle);    i.    watch- 
tower,     ii.    tower  of  defence,     iii.    moveable  tower 
of  attack. 

Battifuoco ;  7'.  Battifoco. 

t  Battigie  /.  pi.  (It.  battere,  from  the  kicking  of 
the  sufferer);  i.  epileptic  fit.  ii.  convulsions  in  a 
baby. 

Battilano  or  Battilana  m. ;  wool-carder. 
•Battilocchio  m.,  Batti-loglia  /.  or  -loglio 
m. ;   woman's  bonnet  er  veil. 

Battil6ro  (Batteloro)  w. ;  gold  beater. 
•Battimanica/;  a  little  grain  threshed  before 
the  genera!  threshing. 

Batti-mano  or  -mani  m. ;  applause. 

Battimare  in.  ;  (mar.)  wash-board 
under  the  cheeks. 

Battimazza  //;. ;  blacksmith's  mate. 

*  Battimento   HI.  ;     i.    beating.      ii.    battering, 
iii.  (med.)  involuntary  twitching  of  the  upper  eyelid, 
iv.    beat  of  a  bird's  wings,     v.    (IHUS.)  —  de'  trilli, 
production  of  a  shake. 

Battio  m. ;  prolonged  clapping  of 
hands. 

Battipalle  m. ;  head  of  a  ramrod. 

Battipalo  m. ;  =  Berta,  rammer,  pile- 
driver. 

*  Battiporto  w. ;  —  Boccaporto,  hatchway. 

Battirame  m. ;  coppersmith. 

Battisartia  f.  ;  (mar.)  shrouds  tabling,  cp. 
Batticofta. 

Battiscarpa;  A  — ,  i.  hastily. 
2.  Andare  a  — ,  to  go  on  foot 

Battischermo  in. ;  (»uir.)  davit-chock  (of  a 
launch). 

Battisegolay^;  (&>r".)=Ciano  de'  campi,  corn- 
flower. 

*  Battisoffia  / ;  sudden  fright. 
•Battisoglio  m.;  71.  Battente. 

Battispiaggia  /.;  revenue  cutter. 

Battistero  (Batisteo,  -tero,  Battis- 
terio)  m.  (Gr.  (iaTrTiimjpwv) ;  baptistery. 
*bath-room. 

Battistrada  m. ;  i.  outrider,  pre- 
ceding a  carriage.  2.  guide.  3.  fig. 
predecessor  in  a  new  line  of  research. 

*  Battisuffola  /;  sudden  fright. 
Battisubcera/:;  7>.  Battisegola. 

*  Battiticcio  //;. ;  Paglia  -a,  straw  that  lias  Iiccn 
threshed  along  with  the  grain. 

Battito  m. ;  i.  quickened  pulse. 
2.  convulsive  trembling. 


Battitdiay";  (print.)  planer,  wooden  block  for 
forcing  down  the  type  in  a  form,  and  making  the 
surface  even. 

Battitoio  m.\  i.  valve  of  a  force- 
pump.  2.  rabbet  of  a  door  or  window 
which  when  shut  is  in  contact  with  the 
frame  of  the  opening.  Prov.  Maggior 
porta  maggior  — ,  i.e.  the  bigger  a  man 
the  more  timid  he  is,  with  a  word-play 
between  Battitoio  and  Battito. 

Battitor-e     m. ;      i.     v.     Battere. 

2.  thresher   (with   a   flail).     3.    at   the 
game  of  Pallone,  man  who  puts  the  ball 
into  play,  server.     4.   (print.)  workman 
who  spreads  the  ink  on  the  types.    5.  in 
//.,  -i  or  -i  di  strada ;  (a)  (mil.)  scouts, 
(b)  beaters  for  game. 

*i.  —  ad  arco,  in  the  manufacture  of  wool,  work- 
man who  beats  the  wool  in  preparation  for  combing, 
ii.  door-knocker,  iii.  hammer-man  in  a  smithy, 
iv.  (JHKS.)  person  who  beats  time. 

Batti-trice./;  i.fetn.  of  -tore.  2.  macchioa  — , 
threshing-machine. 

Battitur-a/;  i.  v.  Battere.  2.  thresh- 
ing or  season  for  threshing.  3.  imprint 
of  the  stroke  of  a  hammer.  4.  pile- 
driving.  5.  in  pi.,  the  scourging  of 
Christ.  6.  flakes  of  metal  struck  off  by 
hammering  a  plate  ;  Ossido  delle  -e,  the 
peculiar  oxide  of  iron  formed  by  heating 
it  red  hot  and  then  striking  it  with  a 
hammer. 

*i.   punishment,     ii.  the  grain  to  be  threshed. 

Battiurti  m.  pi. ;  special  pommels  of  a  saddle 
for  breaking  in  unruly  animaK. 

•Batto  m.  (mlt.  &>//»;<  A.  S.  bat,  v.  Skeat,  snb 
Boat);  rowing-boat. 

*  Battocchio  in.  ;=  Battaglio,  bell-clapper. 

Battola  /.  (It.  battere);  i.  clapper 
of  a  mill.  2.  rattle  which  street  boys 
make  a  noise  with  in  Holy  Week  when 
the  church  bells  are  not  rung,  v.  Tabella. 

3.  fig.  idiotic  chatterbox,      t  =  Bargi- 
glioni,  q.ii. 

*  Battolare ;  ~  Ciarlare,  to  chatter. 

Battologia  /  (Gr.  ftarroXoyia,  from 
Bon-os,  king  of  Gyrene,  famed  for 
stuttering) ;  vain  repetition  in  talking. 

tBatto!6n-e  ;«.,  -a/7;  chatterbox. 

Battride  f.  (Gr.  /SaitTpoc,  stick) ;  (bot.)  a  genus 
of  palms,  Boctris. 

Battura/7;  (mar.)  rabbet. 

Battlit-a/;  i.  v.  Battere.  2.  pulse- 
beat.  3.  the  blow  received  from  a  fall. 

4.  the  place  where  a  bird  has  fallen  upon 
being  shot.  5.  quantity  of  grain  threshed 
at  one  time.     6.  at  Pallone,  the  service  ; 
—  da   tetto,  the   service    side  of    the 
court,  opposed  to  Ribattuta,  the  opposite 
side.     7.   (ttius.)  bar.     8.   beat,  marked 
with  the  hand;  A  — ,  in  time,  (Jig.)  a 
propos,  in  regard  to.     9.   Contro  — ,  v. 
Controbattuta.     10.   —  d'  aspetto,  the 
beat  during  which  a  voice  or  instrument 
is  silent.     II.    Non  perder  — ,  to  pay 
close  attention.     12.    In  due  or  quattro 
-e,  in  a  moment,  in  two  twos.     13.   at 
billiards,  the  stuffing  of  the  cushions. 
14.    the  striking  of  the  ball  against  a 
cushion.      15.    Lati  di  — ,  the  top  and 
bottom  cushions  of  the  table.    16.  beaten 
track,  in  all  senses.     17.   the  run  of  a 
hare   or  other   animal.     18.    --  d'   un 
fiume,  i.e.  where  the  current  runs  against 
the  bank.     19.   Accomodarsi  alle -e,  to 
obey    orders,     without     understanding 


BATTUTACCIA— BEATIFICARE 


79 


them.     20.    in  surveying,  —  d'  avanti, 
fore-sight,  —  posteriore,  back-sight. 

"i.  Far  la  — ,  to  surpass  (a  person),  ii.  {nuts.) 
in  — ,  =  Nel  tempo  forte,  at  the  marked  beat  of  the 
bar;  A  misura  e  — ,  with  all  the  rules  of  music; 
A  tempo  di  — ,  in  proper  measure,  in.  Far  la  —  a 
uno,  to  kill  him. 

Battutacciayl;  ptgg.  i.  a  bad  service  at  the 
game  of  Pallone.  2.  (tints.)  a  difficult  place  in  a 
piece  of  music. 

Battutella/;  dim.  BattutaO),  light  beat. 

Battutina  f. ;  dim.  Battuta,  slight  beating. 

Battut-0 (part.  Battere) ;  I.  threshed 
(grain).  2.  frequented  (road) ;  Andare 
per  la  -a,  to  follow  the  beaten  track. 

3.  A  spron  — ,  plying  the  spur.     4.   as 
sb.,  stuffing,  force-meat. 

*i.  addicted,  ii.  A  voga  -a,  a  quick  stroke  in 
rowing.  As  sb.,  iii.  mosaic  pavement,  iv.  an  old 
Tuscan  coin  worth  about  a  halfpenny,  and  known 
later  as  Duetto,  v.  in  //.,  -i  or  Disciplinanti,  an 
Order  of  Flagellants. 

*  Batucchieria  f.;  sophistical  arguments. 

Batlifolo  (Batuffo)  in.  (late  L.  tufa, 
a  plume,  which  is  connected  with  It. 
Ciuffo,  q.v.);  i.  bundle  of  rags  or 
wool,  etc.  2.  a  fat  baby.  3.  in  pi., 
filling  put  under  a  woman's  hair  or 
dress  to  improve  her  figure.  4.  in  //., 
bits  of  Polenda  made  up  with  butter  or 
cheese,  etc. 

tBaturlare;  of  distant  sounds,  to  rumble. 

tBatur!6ni;  Andar ,  to  go  along  with  the 

legs  dangling  anyhow. 

Bau  m.  (imit.);  I.  dog's  bark,  bow- 
wow. 2.  bogey  to  frighten  naughty 
children,  iisit.  babau  ;  Far  bau  bau,  to 
frighten  children  by  covering  the  face 
with  the  hands;  Essere  il  — ,  to  be  a 
formidable  person. 

*  Baucco  m. ;    Porre  al   — ,  to  make  ridiculous, 
to  chaff. 

*  Baucia  f. ;  -  Pastinaca,  parsnip. 
Baulaccio  m. ;  spreg.  Baule. 

Baiil-e '//. ;  l.  travelling  trunk  ;  Far 
il  — ,  to  pack  up;  Viaggiar  come  i  -i,  to 
travel  without  seeing  anything;  Partir 
dentro  una  cassa  e  tornar  derrtro  un  — , 
to  go  away  in  a  box  and  come  back  in 
a  trunk,  i.e.  to  travel  and  return  more 
stupid  than  before.  2.  Jig.  sckerz.  hunch- 
back. 

Etyitt.  Cogn.  Span,  f'utti,  Portug.  bahut, 
Genev.  bahin,  Provenc.  6nuc,  Fr.  I'aliul.  These 
forms  are  too  divergent  to  allow  of  a  plausible  etym- 
ology. The  suggestions  are  L.  baiuhts,  v.  Baggiolo, 
and  M.H.G.  oetmot,  custody,  bekut,  magazine, 
whence  Germ,  bekilten,  to  take  care  of. 

Baul-etto  or  -ino  m. ;  dim.  Baule,  workbox. 
tBausa;  v.  Bavosa. 

Bausette  m.;  i.  childish  word  for 
fright,  v.  Sette  (4) ;  Hai  paura  del  — ? 
are  you  frightened  of  Bogey?  2.  an 
exclamation  to  startle  a  child  with. 

Bavitta  /.  (prob.  a  Germanic  word, 
cp.  Germ,  behiiten,  v.  Baule) ;  black 
mantle  with  a  hood  worn  by  way  of  a 
mask. 

Bava  f.  (i»ii/.,  from  the  slobbering 
of  babies  as  they  begin  to  talk ;  cp.  Fr. 
have, Span. and  Portug.  baba);  \.  slobber; 
Far  venir  la  — ,  to  enrage.  Prov.  E 
meglio  star  sotto  barba  che  sotto  bava, 
i.e.  under  the  rule  of  an  old  man  rather 
than  of  a  very  young  one.  2.  floss-silk, 
the  weak  silk  which  is  carded  and  spun 
like  wool.  3.  seam,  fash,  i.e.  roughness 
on  a  cast  from  cracks,  etc.,  in  the  mould. 

4.  bulging  at  the  mouth  of  a  cannon 


caused  by  firing.  5.  excessively  white 
insipid  bread.  6.  —  di  vento,  puff  of 
wind  which  ruffles  the  water  for  a 
moment  or  two  in  a  dead  calm. 

Bavagli-o  in. ;  i.  bib.  2.  gag.  Aff. 
-no,  -olfno,  dims. 

*Bavalischio  m. ;  v.  Basilisco. 

*  Bavara  X;  a  Bavarian  coin,  about  four  shillings. 

*  Bavareflo  m. ;  workman  in  floss  silk,  v.  liava  (2). 

Bavar^se  (Baverese)  ;  Bavarian. 
As  sb.,  a  drink  of  milk,  chocolate  and 
coffee  mixed.  *  =  Bavara. 

t  Bavecca  ;  v.  Bavosa. 

Bavella  f. ;  thread  removed  from 
cocoons  that  have  been  placed  in  hot 
water,  as  a  preliminary  to  taking  off  the 
silk  proper. 

Bavellina  /  ;  material  made  from 
the  Bavella  or  inferior  silk. 

BaverayC;  lady's  cape,  pelerine. 

Baverese  m. ;  v.  Bavarese. 

Baverlna  f.;  lady's  embroidered 
collar. 

Baver-o  »i.  (It.  bava,  therefore  orig. 
baby's  collar) ;  collar  of  a  coat  or  cape 
of  a  great  coat.  Aff.  -ino  dim.,  -one 
augm. 

Bavetta  f.;  i.  unevennesses  on  a 
cast  after  it  is  withdrawn  from  the 
mould,  ?'.  Bava  (2).  2.  in//.,  paste  for 
soup  in  the  shape  of  thin  ribbons. 

Bavettfne  /  pi. ;  dim.  Bavetta  (2), 
i.e.  in  thinner  ribbons. 

Bavic611a/ ;  light  breeze. 

*  Baviera  _/^  ;   i.  horse's  under  lip,  ?'.   Barlx>zzo. 
ii.  visor  of  a  helmet,     iii.  flap  of  a  large  woollen  cap 
for  use  as  a  respirator. 

Bav6sa_/;  blenny,  a  genus  of  fishes.     Species: 

1.  — cornuta,  Blennius  tetttacittaris.    2.  —  occhiuta, 
butterfly  fish,  Blennius  tKellaris,  locally  known  as 
Lampusa,  Gattarozula  dall'  occial,  Bausa,  Galletto, 
Bavecca,  Bausa  occhiuta.     3.  —  palmicorne,  blenny, 
Blenttius    /Hilmiconiis,    locally    known    as    Strega, 
Gattarozola,   Bausa,  Bavecca. 

t=Razza  monaca,  white  skate,  sharp-nosed  ray. 

Bavdso  ;  slobbering. 

*  Bazar ;  i.  v.  Bazzar.     ii.  v.  Bezoar. 

Bazza/  (A)  (M.H.G.  bazze,  profit, 
cp.  M.  H.G.  bezzerti,  Germ,  bessern,  to  im- 
prove, E.  better) ;  i.  piece  of  good  luck  ; 
—  a  chi  tocca,  we  shall  see  who  is  the 
lucky  one ;  this  is  used  in  several  slightly 
different  senses,  r>iz,(a)  as  above,  (6)  when 
there  is  plenty  of  the  thing  desired,  here 
is  a  piece  of  luck  for  anyone  who  wants 
it,  (c)  as  in  the  following,  Tirare  al  muc- 
chio  e  —  a  chi  tocca,  have  a  go  at  the 
bunch  and  let  the  result  be  as  it  may, 
(d)  equivalent  to  Chi  se  1'  ha  se  1'  abbia, 
said  when  a  number  of  persons  are 
trying  for  something  and  one  of  them  is 
observed  either  to  fail  or  to  succeed. 

2.  Aver  di  — ,  to  obtain  a  thing  in  an 
unexpected   way;    Aver   — ,   to  get   a 
thing  cheaply;  Perche  se  ben  perdessi 
la  giornata  tu  dei  pensar  che  —  e'  non 
P  arebbe,  so  that  even  if  I  lose  the  day 
you  may  be  sure  it  will  cost  him  dear. 

3.  at   cards,   (a)  at   Calabresella,   one 
point,  (b)  at  Trionfi,  (a)   a  trick   won 
without   a   trump,   (J3)   the   number  of 
cards   won    at    each    successive   trick. 

4.  a  good  bargain,  fortunate  purchase, 
v.  supra  (2). 


(B)  (prob.  <  Lombard  dial,  basia, 
vase,  =  Venetian  basola,  <  L.  vas,  cp. 
Lombard  and  Venetian  sea/a,  long  chin, 
<  bit. scaphium,  vase) i;  i.  long  chin,  or 
person  with  a  long  chin.  2.  roll  of  iron 
wire. 

Bazzana  /i  (cogn.  Fr.  basa>ie<  Span. 
budana,  dressed  hide,  <  Arabic  bi- 
thanah,  sheath,  lining)  ;  sheepskin 
leather  for  bookbinding,  wash-leather, 
or  soft  cowhide  leather. 

Bazzar  (Bazar)  m.  (Persian  word, 
meaning  "  market ") ;  bazaar. 

*  Bazzarrare  ;  to  barter. 

*  Bazzarro  ;  i.  =  Bazzar.     ii.  scratch  or  blow. 

Bazzecola/  (a  dim.  of  Bazza,  cheap 
bargain);  trifle. 


:oarse.     ii.  —  Bassotto,  low. 


*  Baizeo  ;  greenish. 

*  Bazzesco  ;  i.  low,  o 

Bazzica  /  (It.  bazza,  luck);  i.  a 
card  game,  bdzique.  2.  a  sort  of  bottle 
pool  or  game  at  ninepins  played  on  a 
billiard  table.  At  both  these  games 
thirty-one  is  a  limiting  number,  to  which 
the  player  gets  as  near  as  possible  but 
is  thrown  out  if  he  passes  it. 

*familiar,  minion,  vicious  servant. 

Bazzicare  ind.  bnzzico;  i.  to  associ- 
ate with,  esp.  with  bad  characters.  2.  to 
frequent  (a  locality). 

*  Bazzicatura./;  i.q.  Bazzecola. 

*  Bazzicheria  /  ;  i.ij.  Bazzecola. 

Bazzicbtto  m.  ;  three  equal  cards 
held  in  one's  hand  at  Bazzica  ;  counting 
seven. 

Bazzicottone  ;//.  ;  four  equal  cards, 
counting  fourteen. 

Bazzin-a  /,    -o    tu.  ;    dim.    Bazza. 

1.  little  piece  of  luck.     2.    person  with 
a  rather  long  chin. 

Bazzbffia  (Basoffia)/  (O.H.G.  sfif 
>  Germ.  Satif,  immoderate  drinking, 
cp.  It.  zuppa,  q.i>.;  the  prefix  may  be 
the  peggiorative  bis,  v.  Bis-,  or  the 
Germ,  be-);  i.  strong  thick  soup.  2.  fig. 
long  involved  composition,  heap  of 
papers,  or  confused  mass  of  anything. 

Bazzdn-e  m.\  ttugm.  Bazza  (B),  person  with 
prominent  chin.  Ajff.  -accio  pegg. 

Bazzbtto  (corr.  of  Germ,  besotteti)  ; 
'•  (egg)  boiled  just  right,  neither  too 
hard  nor  too  soft.  2.  delicate,  sickly. 

3.  (student)  not  well  up  in  his  subject. 

4.  slightly  drunk. 

+  Bazzuccare  ;  of  the  wind,  to  bruise  (fruit). 

Bdellio  m.  (I,.,  from  a  Hebrew  source);  a  gum 
resin  from  trees  of  the  genus  Balsamodendron.. 
Be  ;  ititit.  from  the  bleat  of  sheep. 
Be  ;  i.  for  Bcne.     2.  for  Bei  or  Belli. 
•Beacione   in.  ;    long   willow   branch    used    (or 
tying  a  vine  to  a  poplar. 

Beare  (L.)  ;  to  make  happy. 

Beata    f.  ;      i.     religious     woman. 

2.  =Minchiona,  blessed  idiot. 

*  Beatanza  /.;=  Potenza  a  render  beato. 

Beat^ssa  f.  ;  spreg.  sanctimonious 


Beatificare  ind.  beatffico  ;  of  the 
Pope,  to  beatify,  declare  a  deceased 
person  to  be  amongst  the  Beati  of 
Heaven. 

'i.  generally,  to  call  a  person  happy,    ii.  to  bl«ss. 


8o 


BEATIFICAZIONE— BECCUZZARE 


Beatific-azione/:;  v.  -are. 

Beatlfic-o ;  (tfteol.)  blessing.  Visione 
-a,  the  vision  of  God  in  Heaven  by  the 
Beati. 

*  Beatiglia  f. ;  a  kind  of  very  fine  muslin. 

Beatina  f. ;  very  pious  woman. 

Beatitudine/^ ;  i.  (theol.)  condition 
of  the  Beati.  2.  happiness  generally. 
3.  Vostra  — ,  a  title  of  the  Pope.  4.  in 
pi.,  the  beatitudes  of  the  Gospel. 

*  i.  one  of  the  Spiriti  beati.     ii.  title  of  a  bishop 
or  other  person  in  Holy  Orders. 

Beat-o  (L.);  i.  beatified,  venerated 
by  the  Catholic  church,  but  not  canon- 
ised, v.  Beatificare.  2.  blessed,  applied 
to  anyone  in  heaven.  3.  generally 
happy,  blessed.  4.  as  s6.,  sanctimonious 
person.  5.  Pur  beato,  an  exclamation 
=  Manco  male  che,  it  is  a  good  job 
that Aff,  -amdnte. 

Bebe  f. ;  child's  term  for  sheep. 

*  Bebu  in.;  bleat  of  a  sheep. 
Beca  f. ;  slut,  v.  Beco. 

tBecar6tto  in.  ;=Bacherozzolo,  grub. 
tBecassino  de'  mar  in.  ;  =  Aguglia,  garfish. 

Be'cca/  (etym.  unkn.);  i.  =Cocca, 
corner  of  a  handkerchief.  2.  black  silk 
scarf  worn  by  the  Priori  of  a  university. 
3.  waistband  or  garter.  4.  a  form  of 
guard  in  fencing.  5.  fold  made  in  the 
page  of  a  book  to  keep  the  place. 

Beccabile  adj. ;  v.  Beccare. 

Beccabungiay:  (cogn.  Fr.,  Span,  and  Portug. 
becabunga  <  low  Germ,  beckebunge  <  beck,  brook, 
+hmge,  tuber,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Beck,  Bung);  (bot.) 
i.  brooklime,  Scottish  water-purpie,  Veronica  Becca- 
bunga,  generally  found  amongst  watercress.  2.  water 
speedwell,  Veronica  anagallis. 

Beccaccia/. (A) (It.becco);  i. wood- 
cock, Scolopax  rusticola,  also  termed 
Acceggia,  Ghega,  Gheggia.  2.  --  di 
mare,  oyster-catche'r,  Haematopus  os- 
tralegus,  also  termed  Ostralega.  3.  iron 
rod  used  in  ironworks  for  ascertaining 
how  far  a  charge  of  mineral  has  sunk 
in  the  furnace.  (B)  =  Spanish  barcaza, 
a  certain  kind  of  open  boat. 

Beccaccino  m.\  \.  —  reale,  snipe, 
Scolopax  gallinago,  also  termed  Pizz- 
arda.  2.  — sordo  or  minore,  jack-snipe, 
Scolopax  gallinula,  also  termed  Frull- 
ino,  Pinzacchio.  3.  •  -  maggiore,  = 
Croccolone,  great  snipe. 

Beccaccio  m, ;  pegg.  Becco,  goat. 

Beccaficata  f. ;  a  meal  made  off 
Beccafichi. 

Beccafico  m. ;  i .  garden-warbler  or 
fig-pecker,  Sylvia  hortensis.  2.  —  di 
padule,  or  de'  canneti,  =  Cannaiola, 
reed-warbler.  3.  —  canapino,  =  Cana- 
pino,  sedge-warbler.  4.  —  di  Provenza, 
=  Magnanina,  Dartford-warbler.  5.  — 
rinocchio,  =  Lui  giallo,  willow-warbler. 

Beccaio  m. ;  butcher,  lit.  goat-seller. 

Beccalaglio  m. ;  a  kind  of  blind 
man's  buff. 

*  Beccalite  m. ;  =  Attaccalite,  quarrelsome  fellow. 

Beccambrti  m. ;  =  Becchino,  grave- 
digger,  q.v. 

Beccamoschino  m. ;  a  bird,  Cisticolacursitans, 
Beccap£sci    m. ;    i.    Sandwich    tern,   Sterna 
cantiaca,  also  termed  Sterna  mezzana.     2.   —  mag- 
giore, =  Rondine  di  mare  maggiore,  or  Sterna  maggi- 
ore, Caspian  tern,  Sterna  caspia.     3.    —  inglese, 


gull-billed  tern,.  Sterna  nnglicn,  also  termed  Rondine 
di  mare  zampe  nere. 

Becc-are  ind.  becco  (It.  becco) ;  i.  to 
peck.  2.  fig.  to  learn.  3.  scherz.  to 
eat,  to  win,  to  earn,  also  antiphr.  to  get 
something  unpleasant.  4.  -arsi  in  santa 
pace,  to  put  up  with  in  silence.  5.  Non 
beccare  di  — ,  to  have  no  knowledge  of. 
6.  L'  ha  -ato  con  un  sasso,  he  hit  him 
with  a  stone.  7.  Tu  non  mi  ci  becchi, 
you  won't  catch  me  at  it.  8.  -arsi  il 
cervello,  to  rack  one's  brains.  9.  as 
s6.,  food,  v.  Becchime. 

*  i.    to   bite,    in   the  proy.    La   biscia  ha   -ato   il 
ciarlatano,  the  snake  has  bitten  the  conjuror,     ii.  — 
quistioni,  to  seek  for  quarrels,     iii.  Ognun  sel  becca, 
everyone  makes  mistakes,  or  everyone  has  his  own 
tastes,     iv.    -arsi  altro  che   grano,   i.e.   to  catch   it. 
v.    Beccati  questo,  or  quell'  aglio,  =  Beccati  questa, 
take   that  !     vi.    Dar  —   all'  umore,  to   indulge   in 
fancies. 

*  Beccarello  in. ;  kid. 

*  Beccaro  w.;  =  Beccaio,  butcher. 

Beccastrlno  m. ;  graft,  a  narrow 
bladed  heavy  spade  for  trenching.  Naso 
a  — ,  long  aquiline  nose. 

Beccata  f. ;   I.  peck.     2.  mouthful. 

*  Beccatella  /.;  i.   a  piece  of  meat  thrown  in 
the  air  to  the  hawk  when  it  hovered  over  the  net. 
ii.    trifle. 

Beccatello ///. ;  i.  (arch.)  bracket  to 
carry  a  balcony,  etc.  2.  in  pi.,  the 
pegs  of  a  hat-stand.  3.  =  Beccherello, 
kid. 

BeccatinayC;  dint.  Beccata. 

*  Beccatoio  ;«.;  birds'  feeding-trough. 

Beccatura  f. ;  i.  pecking.  2.  marks 
from  a  peck.  3.  schers.  mark  from  the 
bite  of  a  flea. 

Beccheggiare  ind.  beccheggio  (freq. 
of  Beccare,  as  if  the  vessel  was  a  bird 
pecking),  or  Beccheggiare-ficcare ;  of 
a  ship,  to  pitch. 

Becche"ggio  in.,  or  Beccheggio-fic- 
cata  / ;  i.  (mar.)  pitching.  2.  of  a 
horse,  tossing  its  head  up  and  down. 

*  Beccherello  or  Beccatello  iti.\  kid. 

Beccheria/.  (It. becco);  i.  butcher's 
shop,  shambles  ;  Esser  carne  di  — ,  to 
run  a  risk  of  being  killed.  2.  slaughter. 

Becchetto  in. ;  i.  kid.  2.  small 
beak.  3.  anything  ending  in  a  point, 
e.g.  battlements  of  a  wall,  points  of  a 
crown,  etc.  4.  flap  of  a  lace-boot. 
5.  bow  of  a  ship.  6.  knife  with  its 
cutting  edge  at  right  angles  to  the  shaft. 

Becchiccbiare  ;  freq.  of  Beccare,  to 
peck. 

Becchic-o  or  Bechic-o  (Gr.  £rjf,  ;3i)x<>!,  a 
cough) ;  Pillola  -a,  cough-pill. 

Becchime  m. ;  bird-food. 

Becchino  HI.  ;  grave-digger.  The 
origin  of  the  word  is  Beccaio,  the  grave- 
digger  having  been  regarded  as  the 
dresser  of  the  dead,  like  the  butcher  of 
an  animal ;  again  the  word  Beccaio 
being  popularly  referred  to  Beccare 
produced  Beccamorti,  i.e.,  person  who 
pinched  a  body  to  ascertain  that  it  was 
not  alive. 

Becchidn  m.;  (bot.)  coltsfoot,  ?'.  Farfaro. 
*  Beccia  f. ;  she-goat. 

B^cco  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  bee,  Proven^. 
bees,  Catalan  bech,  <  bit.  beccus,  a  word 


quoted  by  Suetonius  as  of  Gaulish 
origin  ;  speaking  of  one  of  the  Antonines 
he  says,  Cut  Tolosae  nato  cognomen  in 
pueritia  becco  fuerat,  id  valet  gallinacd 
rostrum,  cp.  Irish  bacc,  Welsh  bach,  a 
crook,  a  hook);  i.  beak  of  a  bird,  or, 
by  extension,  of  any  object;  in  pi., 
becchi  di  un'  ancora,  the  bills  or  points 
of  an  anchor;  Affaticare  il  — ,  scherz. 
to  eat;  Battere  il  — ,  to  chatter;  Carne 
col  — ,  birds;  Dar  di  —  in,  to  eat; 
Mettere  il  —  in  molle,  to  drink  or  to 
utter  uncalled  for  remarks  or  opinions  ; 
Ecco  fatto  il  —  all'  oca,  i.e.  now  the  job 
is  done;  Aver  paglia  in  — ,  to  know 
a  secret;  Dirizzare  il  —  agli  sparvieri, 
to  straighten  hawks'  beaks,  do  some- 
thing impossible ;  A  strappa  — ,  a  meta- 
phor from  pulling  a  bird  sold  for  food 
off  the  string  upon  which  it  is  threaded, 
meaning  either  by  selection  or  hastily, 
carelessly;  Non  aver  il  --  torto,  to 
drink  heavily  ;  Dal  —  vien  1'  uovo,  i.e. 
the  hen  must  be  well  fed  to  lay  eggs, 
fig.  good  work  must  be  well  paid. 

2.  mouth    of  a  jug,   usu.    Beccuccio. 

3.  —  di  civetta,  (arch.)  a  member  of  a 
cornice    shaped    like    an    owl's    beak. 

4.  —  di  grue,  di  pappagallo,  ecc.,  an 
instrument  for  extracting  foreign  bodies 
from  a  wound ;  —  di  gru,  instrument 
for  extracting  teeth.     5.   —  per  luce  a 
gaz,    gas-burner.      6.   =  Mazzapicchio, 
mallet.    7.  —  polacco,  a  sort  of  bagpipe. 

8.  —  di  un  ponte,  cutwater  of  a  bridge. 

9.  —  di  rondine,  swallow's  beak,  a  little 
prominence  which  appears  on  the  outer 
side  of  a  horse's  last  incisor  teeth  in  the 
animal's   seventh   year.      10.     Becc'   a 
forbice,  Beech'  in  croce,  or  Beccostorto, 
=  Crociere,  cross-bill.     II.    (bot.)  (a) — 
di  grue  grande,  long  stork's  bill,  Ero- 
dium  ciconium,  (b)  —  di  mare,  =  Corno 
di  ariete,  elephant's  trunk.     12.   (»ius.) 
mouthpiece. 

(B)  (cogn.   mlt.    buccus,    Fr.    bouc, 
Proveng.  and  Catalan  hoc,  <  O.H.G.  bok, 
the  o  changing  in  Italian  into  e  under 
the  influence  of  Becco,  beak) ;  i.  goat. 
2.    cuckold.      3.    Fame,   or   Dime   di 
pelli  di  — ,  to  do,  or  say,  the  queerest 
things.     4.   =  Berta,   monkey   for   pile- 
driving.     5.    the    constellation    Capri - 
cornus.     6.  (bot.)  Barba  di  — ,  salsify, 
v.  Barba  (27,  b). 

(C)  (Celtic  bee,  small,  v.  Piccolo) ;  in 
the  phrase  Non  avere  il  —  di  un  quat- 
trino,  to  be  penniless. 

Beccofrusone  m. ;  wax-wing,  A  mpelis  ga.mi- 
lus,  also  termed  Galletto  di  bosco,  Garrulo. 

*  Beccolare  ;  v.  Beccuzzare. 

Beccdne  m.,  augm.  of  Becco  (B) ; 
fig.  fool. 

Beccost6rto  in.  ;  =  Crociere,  cross-bill. 

Beccuccio  m.  (It.  becco,  beak) ; 
mouth  of  a  jug,  burner  of  a  gas-pipe, 
or  the  like. 

*  Beccume  in.  •  i.  quantity  of  goat-skins,     ii.  v. 
Becchime. 

Beccuto  ;  beaked,  treadywith  an 
answer. 

Beccuzzare ;  freq.  of  Beccare. 


BECERA— BELTA 


81 


Be'cer-a  /  of  -o. 

Becer-ata./ ;  act  of  a  cad,  v.  -o. 

Be'cer-o  m.  (corr.  of  It.  pecoro,  ram) ; 
low  blackguard,  "  cad."    Aff.  -<5ne,  -6na 
augms.,  -ume  parcel  of  ca'i  >. 
tBecherino  m. ;  =  Beverino. 

Bechico;  v.  Becchico. 

Bechina  yC ;  =  Beghina. 

Be'co  m. ;  i.  (prob.  <  L.  pecus,  ani- 
mal) ;  rustic,  boor.  2.  short  for  Do- 
menico.  +  =  Navicello,  canal  boat,  v. 
Baco  (C). 

Becdtto  tn.  ;  =  CiufTo!otto,  bullfinch. 

*Bedano  ;«.;  =  Sciocco,  fool. 

Bedeguar  m.  (Arabic  bad-Award);  bedeguar 
or  robin's  cushion,  the  furry  spongy  excrescence 
produced  on  dog-roses  by  an  insect,  Cynips  rosae. 
Also  termed  Spina  bianca. 

*Bedello  ;w.;=Betulla,  birch. 

tBedo  m.  ;  A  boys'  game  at  Pistoia  consisting 
in  knocking  an  iron  ball  into  a  hole,  the  Bedo,  with 
the  feet. 

•Bedolto  in. ;  -  Betulla,  birch. 

Beduina/ ;  long  cloak  with  a  hood, 
used  by  ladies  for  going  out  to  the 
theatre. 

Bedulno  m. ;  Bedouin.  Pare  un — , 
i.e.  outlandishly  dressed. 

Been  m.;  (bat.)  i.  a  species  of  campion,  Silene 
lehen.  -2.  sea  lavender,  r'.  Limonio. 

Beerino  m.  ;  light  refreshment. 

Befana/  (corr.  from  Gr.  eirt<j>dvfia)  • 
i.  fairy  visitor  who  brings  presents  for 
children  down  the  chimney  on  the  eve 
of  the  Epiphany.  2.  the  present  which 
the  child  gets.  3.  the  Feast  of  the 
Epiphany.  4.  hag. 

Befanaccia/;  peqe.  Befana  (4). 
Befania  (Bifania)/;  pop.  for  Epifania. 
*i.  =  Befana.    ii.   Reame  di  — ,  a  game,  11.  Be- 
fana (i). 

Befano  tn. ;  ugly  man,  v.  Befana  (4). 

Befan&tto  m. ;  sweetmeat  made  for 
Epiphany.  In  pi.,  waits  who  sing  in 
the  streets  on  the  eve  of  Epiphany. 

Beff-a  (Beffe)  /  (vbsb.  of  Beffare, 
which  is  akin  to  Fr.  bafoncr,  to  flout, 
Norman  baffer,  to  slap  in  the  face, 
Proveng.  bafa,  a  scoff ;  prob.  <  M.H.G. 
be/en,  to  scold,  cp.  Dutch  baffen,  to  yelp, 
of  imit.  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Baffle) ; 
derision,  jest.  Farsi  -e,  to  hold  in  no 
account,  to  laugh  at. 

Beff-ardam^nte,  -ardo  bantering, 
-are,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -eggiam6nto, 
-eggiare  (freq.  of  -are) ;  v.  Beffa. 

Bega/.  (etym.unkn.,  possibly  O.H.G. 
baga,  contest,  or  Fr.  begue,  stutterer) ; 
dispute,  distasteful  business. 

Beghigo  ;  r.  Bellino  sub  fin. 

Beghina  (Bechina,  Bighina)  /  (Fr. 
b^guine,  orig.  woman  belonging  to  the 
beghards  or  beguines,  a  thirteenth-cen- 
tury sect  of  heretics  whose  name  is  de- 
rived from  the  Flemish  beggen,  to  beg, 
on  account  of  the  life  of  poverty  to  which 
they  devoted  themselves,  v.  Littre,  sub 
B/guard);  i.  member  of  the  above- 
mentioned  sect.  2.  =Pinzochera,  de- 
votee, very  religious  woman  but  not 
bound  by  any  vows.  3.  religious  hypo- 
crite. 

*  Beghino  or  Bighino  tn.  (Fr.  bcguin.  -•. 
Beghina);  i.  =  Pinzochero.  very  religious  man. 
ii.  one  of  a  sect  of  friars  who  permitted  themselves 

H. 


to  marry,  iii.  lay  brother,  one  who  adopted  a 
friar's  dress  but  took  no  vow.  iv.  as  adj.,  grey 
(cloth). 

Begliudmini  in.  pi. ;  (tat.)  i.  balsam,  fin- 
fatieni  oa/samina.  It  is  a  native  of  India;  the 
juice  is  said  to  be  used  by  the  Japanese  to  give  a 
pink  tinge  to  their  nails,  and  from  the  leaves  of 
another  species  the  natives  of  Cochin-China  make  a 
hair-wash  ;  there  seems  to  be  nothing  else  to  account 
for  the  name.  2.  —  salvatici,  =  Erba  impaziente, 
wild  balsam. 

Begnamino ;  v.  Beniamino. 

*  Begolare  (It.  belare);  to  talk  nonsense. 
Bei  in.;  governor,  Bey. 

Beidelbssa  /: ;  (tot.)  Syrian  silk  plant,  v. 
Erba  (8q). 

Beilierayl;  Turkish  armed  vessel  provided  by 
a  Bey. 

Bel  ;  ».  Bello. 

*  Belandra ;  -  Palandra,  monitor  (ship). 

Bel-are  ind.  belo  (L.  balare,  of  imit. 
origin) ;  to  bleat.  Aff.  -ato  bleating, 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Bclecchiare  \freg.  of  Belare. 

Belennite  /  (Gr.  fleAe/i^njs  <  p&iftmr,  a 
dart);  belemnite,  a  sharp-pointed  fossil;  it  is  the 
internal  bone  of  an  extinct  cephalopod. 

Belfiore  in.;  (tat.)  a  species  of  Pynthnim. 

Belgiui  or  Belgiuino  ;  v.  Benzoino. 
*BeIingiere;  v.  Baleniera. 

Bello  in.  (It.  belare);  i.  bleating. 
2.  crying. 

Bellad6nna  f. ;  (bot.)  deadly  night- 
shade, Atropa  belladonna,  also  termed 
Solatro  maggiore;  the  name  is  from 
the  use  of  the  juices  of  the  plant  in 
former  times  as  a  cosmetic,  by  Italian 
ladies. 

*  Bellagamba  m.  or  f. ;  Fare  il  or  la  — ,  to  be 
idle. 

*  Bellagiulia  f. ;  a  species  of  hyacinth. 
Bellaminte ;  gracefully. 
Bellamontanara  /  ;    (tot.)  Turk's  cap  lily, 

Lilium  murtfigon. 

»Bellare;  =  Guerreggiare,  to  fight. 
Bellavedova./;  (tot.)  Iris  tubcrosa. 
Belled&nne./  pi.;  (tot.)  oleander,  v.  Oleandro. 

Bell^tta  /  (prob.  an  alteration  of 
Melletta,  q.v.);  i.  slime.  2.  dregs. 

Belle"tto  m.  (dim.  <  It.  bello) ;  rouge 
or  other  paint  for  the  face. 

Belle'zza/;  i.  beauty;  Fare  del 
ben  — ,  to  indulge  in  prodigal  expendi- 
ture; —  della  Nencia,  dimple  in  the 
chin.  2.  -  -  di  Geneva,  (bat.)  Jeru- 
salem cherry,  Solanum  pseudocapsicum, 
also  termed  Corallo  de'  giardini,  Solatro 
d'  India. 

*  Bellichina  /. ;  =  Anagallide,  pimpernel. 

Bellico  m.  (L.  umbilicus);  I.  navel; 
Tu  non  hai  — ,  i.e.  you  are  being  silly, 
said  to  a  child ;  Che  ti  caschi  il  — ,  an 
imprecation  of  a  jesting  kind;  Aver 
rasciutto  appena  il  —  or  Aver  1'  osso 
nel  — ,  i.e.  to  be  inexperienced  or 
wanting  in  judgment.  2.  fig.  centre. 
3.  (herald.)  middle  third  of  the  lower 
central  part  of  the  shield. 

Bellico  (L.);  relating  to  war. 
tBellic6coro;  =  Albicocco,  apricot. 

*  Belliconchio  tn. ;  umbilical  cord. 

Bellic6n-e  m.,  -a/;  I.  fat  person. 
2.  large  drinking  glass. 

tBellicoro  ;«.:=Bellico,  navel. 

Bellicdso ;  warlike.  Etym.  L.  <bellitm,  variant 
of  duellum,  cp.  the  Homeric  locative  6ai,  in  the  fight, 
fiyji'os,  hostile.  The  root  is  davt  to  burn,  from  the 
destructiveness  of  fire,  v.  Prellwitz,  Etym.  Griech. 
Sprache,  sub  fiaiw.  The  source  of  the  suffix  in 
duellum  is  not  known  ;  it  looks  like  an  older  form 
•elom,  altered  by  confusion  with  the  diminutive  suffix 
-ello;  v.  Waide,  sub  Helium. 


Bellide/;  (<W.)  =  Pratolina,  daisy. 

Belligerante;  belligerent. 
BelHgero;  warlike. 

Bellimbusto  m. ;  fop. 

tBellinddra/;  butterfly. 

Bellingbzzo  tn.  ;  cake,  v.  Berlin- 
gozzo. 

Bellino ;  dim.  Bello.  Con  le  belle 
belline,  feigned  submissiveness.  II 
giorno  di  S.  — ,  i.e.  never.  -  sul 
cassettone,  or  sul  ciuco,  said  to  a  person 
trying  to  be  funny  and  only  making 
a  fool  of  himself ;  this  may  be  nasalised 
into  Beghigo!  Beghigo  'n  sul  ciugo  ! 

*Bellirico  in.;  a  variety  of  plum. 

Bell-o  (L.  bellus  for  **benulus,  dim. 
of  **benus,  a.  variant  of  bonus,  cp.  bene. 
The  root  is  dve,  strengthened  to  dven 
and  altered  to  ben,  cp.  helium  for  duel- 
lum,  bis  for  duis,  etc.,  v.  Buono) ; 
beautiful,  fine.  i.  Bell'  e  morto,  quite 
dead.  2.  Avere  un  bel  fare  or  dire,  ecc., 
to  act  or  speak  to  an  ample  extent,  but 
with  no  result ;  Vederne  delle  -e,  to  see 
remarkable  sights.  3.  Farsi  —  di,  to 
be  proud  of.  4.  Far  -a  la  piazza,  to 
attract  a  crowd.  5.  O  questa  e  -a, 
iron,  this  is  a  pretty  story!  6.  Star  su 
— ,  to  stand  upright.  7.  Prov.  —  in 
fascia  brutto  in  piazza,  beautiful  in  baby- 
clothes  ugly  in  the  public  square,  i.e.  a 
person  may  be  beautiful  as  a  child  and 
yet  not  when  grown  up.  8.  Fare  il  — , 
to  go  courting.  9.  Fare  il  —  bellino, 
to  be  a  humbug,  v.  Bellino.  As  sb. : 
10.  Nel  suo  — ,  in  full  beauty,  u.  II 
— ,  the  best  of  it.  12.  Che  si  fa  di,  or 
Che  c'  e  di  — ?,  how  are  you  getting  on  ? 
13.  — ,  good  opportunity.;  Se  mi  capita 
il  — ,  if  I  get  a  good  chance ;  Sul  piu  — , 
(z>o«.)just  at  the  wrong  moment.  14.  II 
bel  di  Roma  or  II  piu  bel  di  Roma, 
scherz.=  II  culo,  the  posterior,  the  Col- 
osseum being  the  finest  thing  in  Rome 
and  often  mispronounced  Culiseo. 

15.  II  —  del  ciuco,  long  ears.   As  adv. ; 

16.  — ,  or  —  e  bene,  beautifully.     17. 
Bel  — ,  cautiously,  little  by  little. 

t  Bell'  e  che ;  although. 

Belldcchio  in.;  (>«/«. )  =  Occhio  di  galto,  cats- 
eye,  a  variety  of  chrysoberyl.  There  is  a  less  prized 
variety  known  as  Hungarian  cat's-eye,  which  is  a 
quartz. 

Belloccino  or  Bell6ccio  ;  dim.  vezz.  Bello. 
Bell6ne ;  aitgm.  Bello. 
tBellora/;  =  Donnola,  weasel. 
*  Bellosguardo  m. ;  \.  the  Fr.  belle-vue.   n.  Stare 
a  — ,  to  stand  on  the  look-out. 


Bellospfrito  m.;  Fare  il  — ,  to  try 
to  seem  clever. 

•Belluino;  of  the  nature  of  a  great  beast,  v. 
Belva. 

•Bellula/;  =  Donnola,  weasel. 

Bellum6re    m. ;    witty    person,    v. 
Umore  (3). 

Belludmo    in.;    flower   of    the    Begliuomini, 
balsam. 

Belluria/  ;  superficial  beauty. 

•Belo  m.  (It.  belare);  i.  bleating,     ii.  crying. 

Bel6ne   in. ;    child   that    is   always 
crying. 

Belta  (Bilta)  /.;   i.  beauty.     2.  - 
sbiadita,  woman  whose  beauty  has  gone 
off. 


82 


BELTRESCA— BENONE 


:  Bertesca,  battlement 


Beltre'sca/. ;  = 
tower. 

Beluga  / ;  lesser  whale,  Physeter 
catodon. 

tBelugan  m.  ;  a  species  of  gurnard, 
v.  Capone  ($,/). 

Belva  f.  (L.  belua) ;  savage  beast. 

Belvedere  m. ;  i.  look-out  tower. 
2.  (mar.)  mizen-top-gallant  sail.  3.  (hot.} 
broom  goose-foot,  Chenopodium  scop- 
arium. 

Belzebu  tft.;  I.  Beelzebub.  2.  one  of  the 
spider  monkeys,  A  teles  Belzebulh,  a  native  of 
Guiana. 

*  Belzuar  m.  orf.\  v.  Bezoar. 

Belzilino  m. ;  benzoin,  resin  exuded 
by  the  Styrax  benzoin,  v.  Benzoino. 

Bembe  (contr.  of  bene  bene);  well. 
Bem611e ;  v.  Bimmolle. 

Benaccetto ;  acceptable. 

Benacci6ne  ?«. ;  scherz.  great  advantage. 
Benaco ;  ancient  name  of  the  Lago  di  Garda. 

Benallevato ;  well  brought  up. 
Benalzato ;  good  morning ! 
Benamato ;  well  beloved. 

Benandare  m. ;  permission  to  pro- 
ceed, given  by  a  foreman  after  inspecting 
a  man's  work. 

Benandata/;  i.  "tip"  given  to  a 
servant  by  a  departing  guest.  2.  v. 
Benuscita. 

Benandato  m.  \  Dare  il  — ,  as  in 
the  following,  Se  se  ne  va  gli  daremo  di 
tutti  cuore  il  — ,  if  he  goes  we  will  bid 
him  a  cordial  good-bye,  i.e.  we  shall  be 
delighted  to  see  him  go. 

tBenarda_A;  drinking-water  cistern. 

Benarrivato  m. ;  welcome. 

Benaugurato ;  auspicious. 

Benav^re  m. ;  Lasciatemi  un  po'  — , 
do  let  me  have  a  little  peace. 

Benche;  although. 

Bencreato ;  well  bred. 

Be"nd-a/  (O.H.G.  binda,  v.  supra 
Banda);  i.  bandage  over  the  eyes. 
2.  (mar.)  reef  band.  3.  —  di  mezzo ; 
=  Fortezza  di  mezzo,  belly  band  (of  a 
sail).  4.  parcelling,  tarred  cloth  wrapped 
round  a  cable. 

*i.  veil  formerly  worn  by  married  women  and 
widows  ;  in  the  last  case,  a  white  veil.  ii.  Sacre  -e, 
those  of  nuns.  iii.  —  reale,  or  Aurea  — ,  monarch's 
diadem,  t  wicker  basket. 

Bend-are  ind.  bdndo ;  to  bandage, 
-atura/;  vbsb.  of  -are.  -ins,/. ;  dim.  -a, 
bandage  over  one  eye. 

Bene  (L.,  v.  Bello) ;  adv.  well,  very. 
Phrases:  i.  -  -  e  la  mattina  era 
morto,  he  seemed  doing  well  and  by 
the  morning  was  dead,  said  fig.  of  a 
thing  which  begins  well  but  ends  ill. 
2.  ---  e  non  male,  a  phrase  of  great 
emphasis ;  Ho  dovuto  faticare  —  e  non 
male,  I  had  to  work  as  hard  as  ever 
I  could.  3.  Per  —  ,  a  phrase  of  rather 
less  emphasis;  Parla  e  scrive  per  — , 
he  speaks  and  writes  very  nicely.  4.  A 
andar  — ,  (a)  probably;  A  andar  - 
daranno  la  colpa  a  me,  in  all  probability 
they  will  lay  the  blame  on  me ;  (6)  at 


the  best ;  A  andar  —  or  A  andar  — 
c'   e  da   ripigliare  i   quattrini  spesi,  e 
fermi  li,  the  best  we  can  hope  for  is  to 
get  back  our  outlay  and  nothing  more. 

5.  Farci  — ,  or  Cavarsela  — ,  to   do 
well,   e.g.    in    a   newly    opened    shop. 

6.  Star  — ,  (a)  Ti  sta  — ,  it  serves  you 
right;  (i)  Guarda  se  mi  sta  —  quest' 
abito,  look  whether  this  coat  fits  me; 
Un  fiore  non   sta  —  in  petto  a  tutti, 
a  flower  in  the  button-hole  (lit.  on  the 
chest)  does  not  suit  everybody ;  Come 
stava  —  col  velo  bianco  in  capo,  how 
well  she  looked  in  her  white  veil;  (c)  Dal 
male   a   trovarsi   a   star  —   tutti  ci  si 
adattono,  everybody  can  adapt  himself 
to  a  change  from   penury  to  comfort ; 
Non  sta  punto  — ,  he  is  not  at  all  well. 

7.  Torttar — ,  (a)  of  a  dress,  to  fit  well ; 
(b)  of  an  account,  to  be  right ;  (c)  fig.  to 
be  worth  while ;  Se  il  conto  ti  torna  — 
adattati,  if  it  is  worth  your  while,  put 
up  with  it ;  Se  ti  tornerk  —  poi !  but  it 
will    prove   in    the  end   to   have  been 
worth  your  while  !     8.    Trattar  — ,  to 
have  good  manners,  or  to  behave  with 
good  manners  to  (one's  subordinates). 
9.    Trattarsi  — ,  to  do  oneself  well  in 
the  way  of  eating  and  drinking.    10.   Ve- 
der   — ,    to    have     an     affection     for. 
u.     Venir  su   — ,   of  a    child,   to   be 
promising  well.    12.  — -uestito,  decently 
dressed,  but,  Vestito   — ,  handsomely 
dressed. 

As  sb. :  13.  good,  in  pi.,  goods. 
14.  quasi  fig.  prayers;  Ha  lasciato 
cento  scudi  per  farsi  dire  tanto  — ,  he 
has  left  a  hundred  crowns  for  masses 
for  his  soul ;  Sono  stato  in  chiesa  a  fare 
un  po'  di  — ,  I  have  been  in  church 
saying  a  few  prayers  (for  deceased 
friends).  15.  tranquillity;  Da  poi  che 
sono  in  questa  casa  non  ho  un'  ora  di  — , 
since  I  have  been  in  this  house  I  have 
not  had  one  quiet  hour.  16.  Persona 
per  — ,  a  good  honest  person  ;  Aversi 
per  —  di  una  cosa,  to  take  it  in  good 
part. 

Benedetta./;  (bot.)  i.  avens,  or  herb  Bennet, 
Geutn  urbannm,  also  termed  Garofanata.  2.  Water- 
avens,  Geunt  rivale. 

*  i.  an  old  laxative  electuary,     ii.  thunderbolt. 

Bened6tt-o ;  i.  blessed,  holy;  Man! 
-e,  i.e.  clever  fingers ;  Mandare  segnato 
e  — ,  i.e.  to  send  away  for  good  and  all. 
2.  Che  vuoi,  e  un  benedett'  uomo,  che 
non  si  sa  come  pigliarlo,  well,  you  see 
he  is  a  little  bit  queer  and  one  hardly 
knows  how  to  take  him.  3.  Due  scu- 
laccioni  a'  bambini  sono  -i,  one  or  two 
good  smacks  are  very  efficacious  with 
children.  As  sb.,  antiphr.,  slight  con- 
vulsions in  babies,  usu.  Mai  del  — . 
*  purgative  medicine. 

Benedfcite  »/. ;  grace  before  meals. 

Benedfcola  /  ;  spreg.  church  cere- 
mony of  little  importance. 

Benedire  ind.  benedico,  v.  Dire, 
perf.  benedissi,  part,  benedetto;  to 
bless.  Mandar  uno  a  farsi  — ,  to  send 
him  to  the  devil.  Avevo  una  stanzata 
d'  uva,  e  an  data  tutta  a  farsi  — ,  I  had 
a  room-full  of  grapes  which  are  all  gone 


fie 


bad.     Quanto  ne   puo  —  un  prete,  a 
very  large  number  of  anything. 

Benedizione  f.;  blessing.  Dar  la  — ,  to  say 
good-bye  to  a  thing,  to  have  nothing  more  to  do 
with  it.  Mandare  cento  -i  aiitifhr.,  to  curse; 
similarly,  Che  ti  venga  Una  — . 

Benefatt6re  m. ;  benefactor. 

Aff.  Benefatt-ora,  -rice,  -orino  dim. 

Benefic-amente,  -are,  -enza;  beneficently, 
etc. 

Beneficiale ;  relating  to  a  benefice. 

Beneficiario;  i.q.  Beneficiale.   As  *£. :  i.  bene. 
:ed  priest.     2.  (cam.)  payee. 
*  i.  feudatory,     ii.  relieved  of  military  service. 

Beneficiata  or  Benefiziata  /. ;  thea- 
trical benefit,  performance  the  profit  of 
which  is  for  some  charity  or  some  actor. 

Beneficiato  ;  (/list.)  qualified  for  the  Grand 
Council  at  Florence.  As  st>.,  heir  who  takes  a 
property  with  "  benefizio  d*  inventario,"  v.  Bene- 
fizio  (5). 

Benefic-io:  v.  Benefizio.     -o;  as  E. 

Benefiziata;  -u.  Beneficiata. 

Benefiziato  ;«. ;  beneficed  priest. 

Benefizietto ;  Mm.  Benefizio. 

Benefizi-o     (Beneficio)     m.     (L.) ; 

1.  benefit.    2.  interest  on  a  loan.  3.  com- 
mission on  sales.     4.    —  del  corpo,  free 
action  of  the   bowels.     5.    (leg.)  —  di 
legge  or  d'  inventario,  the  right  of  in- 
heriting a  property  without  being  liable 
for  the  debts  of  the  deceased  beyond 
the  value  of  the  inheritance.     6.   (eccl.) 
benefice ;  —  semplice,  sinecure ;  Lasci- 
are  il  banco  e  il  — ,  v.  Banco  (7). 

Aff.  -61o  dim.,  -one  augni. 
Benemerente;  meritorious. 

Benemerenza  /. ;   i.  good  service. 

2.  in  — ,  in  recognition  of  good  services. 

Benemerito;  i.  deserving  well  of. 
2.  —  Emerito,  retired.  3.  Vita  -a,  use- 
ful life.  As  sir.,  merit  or  reward  of 
merit. 

Beneplacito  >«. ;  approbation,  con- 
sent. A  —  d'  uno,  at  his  disposal. 

Benessere  m. ;  comfort,  well-being. 

Benestante ;  comfortably  off. 

Benestare  m.;  i.  formal  approval. 
2.  comfort,  prosperity  ;  Gli  e  venuto  a 
noia  il  — ,  he  is  tired  of  being  well  off, 
said  of  one  who  is  compromising  his 
position. 

*  Beneventano  m. ;  a  variety  of  basil,  v.  Basilico. 

Beneviso  ;  =  Benvenuto  or  Ben- 
voluto. 

Benevol-o,  -enza,  -m6nte;  benevolent,  etc. 

Benfatto ;  well  made. 

Bengila/;  Bengal  light. 

*  Bengiui  m. ;  z<.  Benzoino. 

Bengbdi  m. ;  Paese  di  — ,=della 
cuccagna,  land  of  plenty,  v.  Cuccagna. 

Beniamino  ;«. ;  i.  Benjamin.  2.  favourite 
son  or  favourite,  generally. 

Benign-o  (L.);  kind,  mild.     AJf.  -amentc.  -ila. 

Benino  dim.  Bene ;  pretty  well. 
Facciamo  — ,  to  a  vendor,  do  not  ask 
too  much.  Far  — ,  of  children,  to  play 
together.  Per  — ,  nice.  Tanto  — ,  by 
all  means. 

Beninte'so;  of  course. 

•Benna/  (L.,  from  Celtic  sources);    a  baskut. 
work  carriage. 

Bennato ;  well  born. 

*  Bennola  f. ;  prob.  weasel. 

Benone;  augm.  Bene. 


BENPORTANTE— BERRETTA 


Benportante  (Fr.  bienportanf) ;  well 
preserved  (old  man). 

Benservlto  m.  ;  certificate  of  char- 
acter. Dare  il  — ,  to  dismiss. 

*i.  good  service,    ii.  wages,     iii.  pension. 

Bensl;  i.  emphasizing  Ma,  but. 
2.  still,  however. 

Bentornato :  Dare  il  — ,  to  give  a 
salutation  to  a  person  returned  after  an 
absence. 

Benuscita  / ;  payment  for  giving 
up  premises  before  the  lease  is  expired, 
also  termed  Benandata. 

*Benvenuta  f.\  i.   payment  to  a  recruit  on  his 
reaching  barracks,     ii.    Dare  la  — ,  to  welcome. 

Benveduto;  i.  regarded  with  favour. 
2.  as  s6.,  welcome. 

Benvisto ;  i.g-  Benveduto. 
Benvolere ;  to  love. 

Benzina  /.  ;  benzine,  a  hydrocarbon  derived 
from  benzoate  of  lime  by  heating. 

Benzoinay^;  (cktm.)  a  body  isomeric  with  the 
pure  essence  of  bitter  almonds. 

Benzoino  (Belgiui,  Belgiuino,  Bengiui)  m. ; 
(&>/.)  Styrajc  benzoin,  a  tree,  native  of  Sumatra, 
which  yields  the  resin,  v.  Bel/uino. 

Benzollna  /  ;  i.g.  Benzina. 

*  Beo ;  =  Bello,  beautiful. 

Beola    or    Bevola   f.  \   a   schistic   variety  of 

franite,  from  Bevera  on  Lago  Maggiore,  v.  Serizzo. 
=  Betulla,  birch. 

Beone  m. ;  pop.  for  Bevone,  drinker. 

Bebta  m. ;  heavy  in  mind,  /*'/. 
Boeotian. 

Bebzia/;  (geogr.)  Boeotia. 

Beqquadro ;  v.  Biqquadro. 

Ber  w.;  — Giuggiolo,  jujube  tree.     t=Bel. 

Berbena  / ;  =  Verbena. 

Berberide/: ;  (bat.)  barberry,  Herberts  vulgaris. 

*  Berbice  f.  (L.  berbex) ;  ewe,  or  lamb. 

Berciare  (prob.  <  **berbiciare,  < 
L.  berbex,  ewe) ;  to  screech. 

*  Bercilocchio  ;  squinting. 

Berc-io  m. ;  screeching ;  -i6ne  m. ; 
screeching  child. 

*  Berdesca  f. ;  =  Bertesca,  battlement,  tower. 

Be're  or  Be"vere  ind.  beVo  beVi  beVe 
or  bde  beviamo  bevete  beVono<?r  be"ono, 
perf.  beVvi  or  bevetti  bevdsti  beVve  or 
bevette  bevdmmo  beve'ste  beVvero  or 
bevettero,  fill,  bevero  beverai  bevera 
beverdmo  bevere'te  beveranno,  or  pop. 
berro  berrai  berra  berre'mo  berre'te  ber- 
ranno,  parts,  bevendo  bevente  bevuto 
or  beutp  (L.  bibere,  root//,  cp.  Gr.  jriVw); 

1.  to  drink;  Uovaa — ,  soft-boiled  eggs. 

2.  of  a  person  trying  to  swim,  to  go 
under  the  water;  — •  p  affogare,  to  be 
ducked  or  drowned,  said  when  choosing 
the  less  of  two  evils.     3.    —  grosso,  ///. 
to  drink  without  considering  the  cha- 
racter of  the  wine.     Hence  fig.  (a)  to 
swallow  any  tale  that  is  told  to  one ; 
(6)  not  to  look  into  details.    Degli  abusi 
in  quell'  uffizio  ce  n'  e ;  ma  il  superiore 
beve  grosso,  there  are  certainly  some 
abuses  in  that  office  but  the  head  of  it 
does   not    look    into    matters    closely. 
4.  Bere  or  Bersi  una  cosa,  to  drink  it 
down,  believe  what  is  impossible ;  Darla 
a  — ,  to  make  a  false  statement  to  a 
credulous  person.     5.  —  bene,  to  drink 
with   food   suitable   to    bring    out   the 


character  of  the  wine  ;  Dar  buon  — ,  of 
food,  to  be  thus  suitable.  So  fig.  Quel 
parlarsi  fitto  fitto  tra  loro  non  mi  da 
buon  — ,  I  don't  like  that  way  they  have 
of  whispering  together.  6.  Andiamo, 
non  1'  ho  detto  per  farti  ingiuria:  bevici 
sopra,  e  finiamola,  come,  I  did  not  say 
it  to  offend  you,  so  won't  you  pass  it 
over  and  we  need  say  no  more  about  it. 
7.  Beverseli,  i.e.  i  danari,  to  spend  one's 
money  on  eating  and  drinking.  8.  Va' 
a  — ,  scherz.  go  to  the  devil.  9.  Non  si 
pu6  —  e  fischiare,  one  cannot  drink 
and  whistle,  do  two  things  at  once. 

10.  Chi  lo  beve  non  lo  mangia,  i.e.  il 
campo,  meaning  that  the  same  ground 
will  not  produce  both  wine  and  corn. 

1 1.  (mar.)  to  ship  water  over  the  gun- 
wale.    12.  of  a  horse,  (d)  —  in  bianco, 
to  have  white  lips ;  (b)  —  la  briglia  or 
—  il  morso,  to  push  the  bit  too  high  up. 
13.    Chi  piu   beve   meno   beve,   i.e.   a 
drinker  does  not  live  long.     14.  Mi  par 
d'  andare  a  — ,  i.e.  it  is  a  very  simple 
affair.     15.  Date  da  —  al  prete  che  il 
cherico  ha  sete,  give  the  priest  some- 
thing   to   drink   because   the   clerk   is 
thirsty,  a  proverb  quoted  when  receiving 
a  request  ostensibly  for  a  third  person 
but  really  for  the  benefit  of  the  asker. 

*  i.  —  del  fiascone,  to  drink  vin  ordinaire,    ii.  — 
alcuno,  to  insult  him.     iii.  —  il  primo  cielo,  (it)  to 
draw  one's  first  breath,  (b)  to  return  to  one's  native 
air.     iv.   —  in  un  sorso  uno,  to  surpass  him.     v.  — 
paesi  or  a  paesi,  to  judge  wine  by  its  name.   vi.  Bevilo 
d'  agosto,  a  phrase  of  derision  for  a  silly  act. 

tBeretta/:;  v.  Bcrretta. 
*Berf\a;  Di  — ,  secretly. 
•Berga/;  dyke. 

*  Bergamasca  f.\  a  kind  of  country  dance,  or 
music  therefor. 

Bergamasco;  belonging  to  Bergamo  in  Lom- 
bardy. 

t  Bergamina  f.;  =  Pergamena,  distaff  made  of 
cardboard. 

Bergamdtta  f. ;  i.  the  dried  rind  of  the 
Bergamot  orange  from  which  a  delicious  essence  is 
extracted.  2.  the  essence  itself,  bergamot. 

Bergam6tt-o  (A)  (Turkish  beg  ar  madi,  pear 
for  a  lord) ;  Pera  -a,  bergamot  pear.  As  sb. ,  the 
bergamot  pear-tree.  (B)  bergamot  orange,  Citrus 
Bergamia,  so  named  from  the  city  of  Bergamo. 

*  Bergantino  ;  v.  Brigantino. 

*  Bergare  ;  =  Albergare,  to  harbour. 

*  Berghinellayl;  chattering  woman. 

Bergo  in. ;  a  variety  of  white  grape  or  vine. 
*  =  Albergo. 

*  Bergolare ;  altered  dim.  of  Berciare,  to  gossip. 

*  Bergolinare  ;  to  play  a  trick  upon. 

*  Bergolo  m. ;   i.   fool.     ii.    chatterbox,  gossip, 
iii.   Rimanere  — ,  to  be  tricked,     iv.  wicker  basket. 
As  adj. ,  unsteady  (boat). 

Beriberi  m.  (Malabar  word  meaning  "great 
weakness");  an  acute  form  of  dropsy  occurring  in 
tropical  climates. 

*  Bericocola  (Biricoccola)yC ;  =  Albicocca,  apricot. 

*  Bericocolo  (Berricocolo)  »t.  ;    honey-cake,  so 
called  from  its  resemblance  in  shape  to  an  apricot. 

Berillo  m.  (Gr.  /SijpuAAo?,  from  Syriac  bnrfil) ; 
beryl. 

*  Beriolo  in. ;  =  Beverino,  water-trough  for  a  bird. 

Berlta  /. ;  (geogr.)  Beyrout  in  Asia 
Minor. 

Berlan  ;//.  (bit.  berlengkuin  from  Germ.  Bretlin 
or  Brettling,  dim.  of  Brett,  board,  orig.  therefore 
the  board  on  which  the  game  was  played);  pair- 
royal,  a  card-game  in  which  it  counts  most  to  hold 
three  equal  cards,  e.g.  three  kings. 

•Berleffe  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  balafre,  gash,  lit.  bad 
lip,<O.H.G.  leffur,  lip,  akin  to  O.H.G.  Iqffat,  to 
lap,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lap,  with  pegg .  suffix,  v.  Bar-) ; 
i.  =  Sberleffe,  grimace,  ii.  scar  on  the  face. 

•Berlengo  m.  (bit,  berlengkum,  board,  ».  Ber- 
lan); in  thieves'  slang,  eating-place. 

Berli  m.  pi.  (bit.  variola  from  L.  varius, 
mottled);  (vet.)  painful  dry  cracks  in  the  skin  behind 
the  head  of  an  ox. 

Berlicche  or  Berlocche  in.  (perhaps 


corr.  from  Germ,  aber  nicht,  or  aber 
noch,  but  not,  but  still);  scherz.  devil. 
Andar  da  — ,  to  go  to  the  devil.  Far 
—  e  berlocche,  to  break  one's  word. 

Berliiia/ ;  i.  pillory.  2.  a  parlour 
game  in  which  one  of  the  players  sits 
in  the  middle  to  be  criticised.  3.  berlin, 
a  kind  of  travelling  carriage,  so  called 
from  having  been  first  made  at  Berlin. 

*  i.  open  carriage  for  festal  occasions,    ii,  gallows. 
Etym.,   in   sense   of  pillory,  itnkn.      The   sug- 
gestions are :— (i)  Fr.  pilori,  through  a  dim.  (with 
metathesis)  **pirolina,  (2)  bit.  berlenghum,  board, 
v.    Berlan,   referring    to   the   stand    on    which  the 
prisoner  in  the  pillory  was  mounted,  (3)  It.  barella, 
barrow,  through  contraction  of  a  form  **barellina, 
referring  to  the  vehicle  in  which  the  prisoner  was 
taken  to  the  pillory.     Of  these  derivations  perhaps 
the  third  is  the  most  likely. 

The  origin  of  Fr.  pilori  (>E.  pillory)  is  also 
unknown ;  KSrting  is  inclined  to  regard  it  as  modified 
from  Provenc.  espitlori,  pillory,  under  the  influence 
of  pilier,  pillar,  and  to  endorse  a  derivation  suggested 
by  Wedgwood  for  espitlori,  viz.  <blt.  ** specularium, 
peephole,  referring  to  the  hole  where  the  prisoner's 
head  was  confined  by  the  neck. 

Berlingaccino  m.  ;  Tuesday  before  Shrove 
Tuesday. 

Berling-accio  or  -accidne  m.  (It. 
berlengo,  festal  board,  -viz.  of  Shrove 
Tuesday) ;  i.  Shrove  Tuesday.  2.  fat, 
red-faced  person. 

*  Berlingare  ;  to  gossip  after  dinner. 
•Berlinghiere  m. ;  great  eater. 
•Berlingozzay:;  a  kind  of  country  dance. 

Berlingozzino  del  prati  m. ;  an  edible  fungus, 
Agaricitsmurinus,3\solern\i£il  Bigerella0rBigiob.no. 

Berlingbzzo  or  pop.  Belling6zzo  m.; 
a  large  rich  Ciambella,  ring-cake. 

tBerlo  ;«.;  =  Bioccolo,  lock  of  wool. 

t  Berlocca  /. ;  hour  for  meals,  time  for  resting. 

Berlocche;  v.  Berlicche. 

Berma  /.  (Fr.  ifr>Kt<M.H.G.  trrimen,  to 
border,  cp,  E.  brim);  berme,  space  between  the 
foot  of  the  exterior  slope  of  the  parapet  of  a  fort 
and  the  ditch,  also  termed  Rilascio  <  Fr.  relais. 

Bernacla  f.  (mil.  bernax,  bernacula,  which 
Littre  states  to  be  from  an  Irish  word);  barnacle 
goose,  Bernicla  leucopsis. 

Bernecche  (Pernecche)  m.  (prob.  from  L. 
?pr*«jjthrough  **  ebronius,  the  parent  of  Fr.  ivrogne, 
and  ** ebronicus) ;  Essere  in  — ,  to  be  drunk. 

Berneggiare  (Bernieggiare) ;  to  write  like 
Berni. 

Berne'sco ;  after  Berni,  jocose.  Tag- 
liato  al  — ,  of  a  merry  disposition. 
Berni  was  a  humorous  verse  writer 
(1490—1536). 

*  Berniay:  (L.  Hibernia) ;  a  kind  of  lady's  cloak, 
made  of  Irish  stuff. 

*  Bernieggiare  ;=  Berneggiare. 

*  Bernocchio  m. ;  =  Bernoccolo. 

Bern6ccol-p  (Bernocchio)  m.  (It. 
nocchio,  knot  in  wood,  with  the  pegg. 
prefix  her,  v.  Bis ;  nocchio  is  <  L. 
nucleus,  a  dim.  of  nux);  i.  bump,  pro- 
tuberance either  on  the  rind  of  a  fruit, 
such  as  a  cucumber,  or  on  a  person's 
head;  fig.  Aver  il  —  della  musica,  to 
have  the  bump  of  music.  2.  heavy 
mass  of  wood  or  stone.  *knuckle.  Aff. 
-dtto,  -(no  dims.,  -uto  lumpy. 

Bernusse  m. ;  burnous,  large  cloak 
with  a  hood. 

Beroe  m.  (Gr.  Btpo>j,  one  of  the  Ocean  nymphs) ; 
a  genus  of  marine  jellyfishes. 

*Berovardo  m.  ;=Baluardo,  rampart. 

Berre'tta  /  (mlt.  barretum,  from  L. 
birrus,  a  cape) ;  I .  cap ;  —  rossa,  car- 
dinal's hat ;  Aver  il  cervello  sopra  la  — , 
i.e.  to  lack  judgment ;  Far  di  — ,  to 
take  off  one's  hat  to,  -v.  Berretto. 
2.  (bot.)  (a)  —  da  prete,  =  Fusaggine, 


BERRETTACCIA— BEVANDA 


spindle  wood ;  (t>)  —  di  prete,  bishop's 
hat,  Epimettium  alpinum,  also  termed 
Cappello  di  vescovo. 

*i.  =  Berretto,  soldier's  cap.  ii.  Forma  della  — , 
the  head.  iii.  Meritar  di  — ,  to  be  of  high  rank, 
worthy  to  be  saluted,  iv.  Gli  e  corsa  la  — ,  he  is  a 
person  of  no  account,  v.  Aver  la  —  torta,  to  have 
the  cap  awry,  i.e.  look  angry,  vi.  Tirar  giii  — ,  to 
pay  respect  to  none.  vii.  I  danari  Stan  semper 
colla  —  in  mano,  i.e.  money  is  always  ready  to  go. 
viii.  (mil.)  —  da  prete,  i.e.  fortification  with  four 
faces. 

Berrett-accia  /,  pegg.  of  Berretta 
or  Berretto;  -aio  m.,  seller  of  caps; 
-inaio  »;.,  seller  of  men's  caps ;  Lavorar 
come  un  -aio  or  come  un  -inaio,  to  work 
hard. 

Berrett-fno  m. ;  dim.  of  -o,  esp. 
baby's  cap.  *as  adj.  bad,  malignant, 
v.  Berretta  (v)  and  (vi). 

Berretto  m.  (mlt.  barretum,  v.  Ber- 
retta);  i.  cap  with  a  peak  or  tassel. 
2.  cardinal's  hat.  3.  —  frigio,  Phrygian 
cap,  emblem  of  republicanism.  4.  — 
ducale,  Doge's  cap  at  Venice.  5.  —  da 
notte,  nightcap.  6.  Far  di  — ,  v.  Ber- 
retta ( i ).  7.  —  turco,  a  species  of  gourd. 

Berrett-6ne  m.,  augm.  of  -a,  judge's, 
professor's,  grenadier's  cap,  etc.,  -UCCia 
/.,  dim.  spreg.  of  -a,  -uccio  ///.,  dim. 
spreg.  of  Berretto. 

*  Berricocolo  tn. ;  P.  Bericocolo. 

*  Berro  m.  (v.   Berrpviere);   (mil.)  —  Avantreno, 
fore  part  of  a  gun  carriage. 

*  Berrovaglia./;  quantity  of  police. 

*  Berroviere ;    i.    armed    policeman   under  the 
orders  of  the   Podesta  in  the  medieval  republics. 
ii.  =  Birro,  policeman,     iii.  ardent  soldier. 

Etym.  The  original  meaning  of  the  word  is  said 
to  be  "soldier  belonging  to  the  advanced  guard," 
<Provenc.  berravier  or  old  Fr.  berrvuier,  meaning 
inhabitant  of  the  Berry  ;  men  of  noted  bravery  front 
the  Berry  may  have  been  employed  on  dangerous 
expeditions.  There  is,  however,  another  quite  differ- 
ent derivation  given,  v.  Birro  and  Birroviere. 

Bersagliare;  to  batter  with  artillery; 
fig.  to  torment. 

Bersagliere  ;«. ;  i .  sharpshooter. 
2.  in  pi.,  the  name  of  a  corps  of  the 
Italian  army. 

Bersaglio  m. ;  i.  target;  Metter 
a — ,  to  endanger.  2.  practising  ground, 
or  meeting  for  practising  shooting, 
•battle. 

Etym.  Old  Fr.  bersailj  target,<old  Fr.  berser, 
to  shoot  (with  arrows),  perhaps<L.  versaretfreg.  of 
vertere>  referring  to  the  movements  of  aiming,  cp. 
It.  berzare. 

t  Bersciare;=  Berciare,  to  screech. 

Bersd  /«.  ;=  Fr.  berceau,  arbour. 

Etym.  Berccau  originally  meant  cradle,  cp. 
bcrcer,  to  rock,  a  word  referred  by  Hatzfeld  and 
Darmstetter  to  berst  cradle,  of  unknown  origin. 
Korting  suggests  that  bercer  is<L.  vtrsare. 

B&rta/  (A);  i.  pile-driver.  2.  ram- 
mer. 3.  jest;  Dar  la  — ,  to  ridicule. 
4.  (ornitk.)  (a)  —  maggiore,  cinereous 
shearwater,  Puffinus  Kuhli,  (b]  —  mi- 
nore,  Manx  shearwater,  Puffinus  anglo- 
rum,  (c]  •=•  Ghiandaia,  jay. 

Etym.  unkn.  Diez  refers  the  word  to  the  Bertha 
of  Germanic  legend  who  frightened  children  by 
trampling,  and  quotes  in  support  of  this  view  Fr. 
demoiselle  and  Russian  babat  woman,  both  used  in 
the  sense  of  rammer.  Alternative  derivations  are 
(i)  O.H.G.  bret,  a  board,  (2)  M.H.G.  barten,  to 
smite  with  a  barta,  battle-axe,  (3)  bit.  **verritti$t 
irregular  part,  of  L.  vet~reret  to  sweep  along,  which, 
however,  fails  to  account  for  the  meaning. 

For  the  sense  of  jest  K6rting  suggests  that  the 
phrase  Dar  la  berta  may  have  arisen  from  workmen 
dropping  rammers  on  each  other's  toes  by  way  of  a 


practical  joke,  which  seems  very  far-fetched.  Diez 
connects  the  word  in  this  sense  with  old  Fr.  bertondre, 
to  shear  clumsily,</<««r>r,  toshear,<L.  tondere  with 
Pegg.  prefix,  z>.  Bar-;  cp,  Fr.  bretaitder^  to  crop  the 
ears. 

(B) ;  as  proper  name,  i.  in  the /TWA 
Non  k  piu  tempo  che  —  filava,  i.e.  it  is 
not  as  in  the  good  old  days.  2.  Monna 
— ,  for  anyone  you  please. 

Bertabello;  v.  Bertuello. 

Bertacapra  f.\  powerful  pile-driver,  t\  Berta 
and  Capra. 

Berta-gnino  or  -gnbtto  m. ;  a  small  Baccala 
(dried  cod). 

Berteggiare  ind,  bertdggio  ;  =  Sber- 
tare,  to  chaff. 

Bertella  f. ;  i.  in  //.,  braces,  v.  Bretelle. 
2.  a  genus  of  mollusca. 

*Bertesca  (Beltresca,  Berdesca,  Bertresca,  Bret- 
tesca)yi  (O.H.G.  bret,  a  board);  battlement  tower, 
tower  drawn  by  elephants,  high  seat,  high  platform 
for  painting  a  roof. 

*  Berteecare  ;   i.   to  build  towers,     ii.  Jtg.=\r- 
meggiare,  to  fumble. 

*  Bertibcllo  ;  v.  Bertuello. 
Bertjna/^;=Ghiandaia,  jay,  v.  Berta  (4,  c). 

*Bertino;  i.  grey.     ii.  =  Berrettino,  adj. 

Bert6ccio  m.\  (tnar.~)  small  wooden  ball,  parrel- 
truck,  7>.  Trazza, 

t  Bertdcco  m. ;  paper  cap. 

t Bertoella  f.',  a  metal  plate  turning  on  another 
plate  round  a  pivot. 

*Bertoello;  v.  Bertuello. 

Bertbldo  ;//. ;  simpleton,  from  the 
name  of  a  character  in  the  comic  poem 
Bertoldo,  Bertoldino  e  Caccasenno,  cp. 
Berta  (A)  etym.,  sub  Jin.  *roughly 
sheared  cloth. 

*Bertolotto;  Mangiare  a  — ,  to  be  fed  gratis; 
fig.  to  act  unthinkingly. 

Bertonci6ne  m.\  Pegg.  Bertone. 

Bert6ne  ;//.  ;  (A)  i.  horse  with 
cropped  cars,  v.  Berta  (A),  etym.%  snb 
fin.  2.  paid  paramour, 

*(B)  (<Britanma);  English  two-decker. 
t  BertovellayC;  =  Cermera,  hinge. 

*  Bertovello ;  v.  Bertuello. 

*  Bertresca ;  t'.  Bertesca. 

Bertucci-a/  (It.  berta,  q.v.)\  i.  Bar- 
bary  ape,  Macacus  Inuus.  2.  quasi  fig. 
ugly  gossiping  person.  3.  Dire  il  pater 
noster,  or  1'  orazione,  or  \  Avemmaria 
della  — ,  to  mutter  curses.  4.  Darsi 
alle  bertucce,  to  get  into  desperation. 
5.  Pigliare  la  — ,  to  be  drunk.  6.  Con- 
fondere  i  liofanti  colle  bertucce,  ele- 
phants and  apes,  i.e.  to  mix  up  things 
which  do  not  belong  together.  7.  Pa- 
rere  una  —  in  zoccoli,  an  ape  in  clogs, 
i.e.  to  look  silly.  As  adj.,  the  name  of 
a  species  of  grasshopper. 

Aff.  -ata  foolish  act,  -na  dirtt.,  -one  augm. 
Bertuellare  ind.  bertuello;  to  trap  (a  person). 

Bertuello  or  Bertabello  (Bert-oello, 
-ibello,  -ovello)  m.  (mlt.  vertebolum,  from 
L.  vertere,  to  turn,  through  vertebra] ; 
i.  bow-net,  eel-pot.  2.  a  similar  con- 
trivance for  catching  birds.  3.  fig. 
Essere  il  —  della  gente,  to  be  a 
laughing-stock. 

Beruseor  Marasso  palustre  w.;  the  common 
viper,  Petias  berus. 

*  Ber-uzzo  or  -uzzolo  m.\  field-labourer's  break- 
fast. 

*  Berza  f.  (M.  H.G.  versen,  heel) ;  leg,  from  knee 
to  ankle. 

*  Berzagallo  ;«.;  poison. 

*  Berzaglio ;  v,  Bersaglio. 

*  Berzare  (for  etym.  v.  Bersaglio);    to  hit  with 
an  arrow  or  lance. 

*  Berzp  m.;=  Barbuta  or  Celata,  helmet. 

*  Bescio  ;  T.  Besso. 

*  Besigno  m.\  natural  son. 
*Bessayi;  silliness. 


*  Bessare  ;  to  stutter. 

*  Besse/  (L.  bes) ;  eight-twelfths  of  a  Roman  as. 

*  Besso  or  Bescio  (bcstw,  a  dialectical  tnasc.  of 
L.    bestia)\    silly.      The   term   was   one   which   the 
Florentines  were  fond  of  applying  to  the  Siennese 
or  to  things  belonging  there. 

'Bestegna;  v.  Bestemmia. 

Bestemmi-a  /  (Gr.  /SXAO^uoj 
through  old  It.  blasfemia,  altered  into 
blastema,  bestemmia) ;  i .  blasphemy  ; 
II  ben  d'  un  anno  se  ne  va  in  una  — , 
the  fruit  of  a  year's  work  may  be  un- 
done in  a  moment.  2.  false  criticism 
in  art  or  science  ;  Teodoro  Mommsen 
ha  detto  nella  sua  Storia  Komana  molte 
-e,  Th.  Mommsen  has  expressed  many 
opinions  in  his  history  of  Rome  which 
are  completely  false. 

AJf.  -are,  to  blaspheme;  Bestemmia  un  po'  di 
tedesco,  he  knows  just  enough  German  to  be  able 
to  murder  it;  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice;  -atorello  dim. 
spreg. \  -one,  person  who  is  constantly  swearing; 
-m  u.i  dhil. 

Besti-a/ ;  beast.  Gran  bestia,  elk, 
usu.  written  as  one  word.  Andare  in  — , 
to  fly  into  a  rage. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -accina  pop.  excL 
of  surprise,  -aio  dealer  in  animals,  -ale, 
-alita,  -alme'nte,  -iame  quantity  of  cattle, 
-iame  minuto,  quantity  of  sheep,  etc., 
-ario  gladiator  who  fought  with  beasts. 

Etym.  L.  bestia,  root  dheues,  to  breathe,  </. 
««/>//<*/<  root  art,  to  breathe,  v.  Skeal,  s?tb  Deer. 
From  the  same  root  are  Gr.  de'eiop,  sulphur,  and 
probably  0*6y  for  *dhu£sos,  God,  lit.  breather,  cp. 
M.H.G.^r-rtcoj,  spirit.  There  is,  however,  an  alter- 
native derivation  possible  for  Otos,  viz.  from  the  root 
dhc,  to  do,  ?'.  Fena;  ^e<S«,  thereiore,  Creator. 

Bestinara^;  net  for  catching  Bestini. 

Bestino  ;  of  wild  nature.  As  sb.,  fish  of  inferior 
quality,  rays,  cuttle-fish,  etc. 

Besti-dla  f.;  dim.  of  -a.  Aff.  -oletta,  -olina, 
-uli'no  or  -oluccio  dims. ;  -onaccio  augm.  Pfgg.  \  -one 
augi>t.\  -uola  i,q.  -ula. 

*Bestricay. ;  a  thieves'  word  of  uncertain  mean- 
\ngtprob.  brothel. 

tBesugo  w/.;  =  Pagello  rosso,  red  sea-bream. 

Betel  /». ;  (bot.)  Piper  betel,  the  leaves  of  which, 
together  with  the  Areca  or  betel-nut  and  a  little 
shell-lime,  are  chewed  in  India. 

Beteleme  /«.;  (gfog.)  Bethlehem. 

*  Betili   m.  pi. ;    round   stones   believed   by  the 
ancients  to  be  alive  and  worn  as  amulets. 

Betillayi;  an  East  Indian  cotton  fabric. 

*  Betizzare  (It.  ebete);  i.  to  be  dull.     ii.  v.  Im- 
bietolire. 

Betdnica;  :-.  Bettontca. 
tBetta;  v.  Vetta. 

Bette  f.  pl.\  (w«r.)=Bitte,  bitts. 
*Bettifredo  ;//.;  watch-tower,  v.  Battifredo. 

*  Bettino  m,  ;  =  professional  man  of  low  status. 

Bettola/  (prob.  contr.  of  **Bevett- 
ola) ;  tavern. 

Bettpl-ante  m.\  frequenter  of  ta- 
verns, -idre  m. ;  tavern  keeper,  -uccia 
f. ;  dim.  spreg.  -io  m. ;  noisy  talk. 

Bettdnica  or  Bet6nica/(L.)  \(bot.)  i.  betony, 
a  genus  of  Labiatae  formerly  in  great  medicinal 
repute.  2.  —  de'  monti,  arnica,  Arnica  montana. 

Bdtula  or  Betulla  (Bedello,  Bidollo, 
Biola,  Beola)  /  (L.  betula,  a  Celtic 
word,  cp.  Irish  bethe^  box  tree,  Welsh 
bedw,  birch);  (bot.}  birch  tree,  Betula* 

Betularia/;;  poplar  hawk-moth. 
Beucchiare;  pop.  for  Bevucchiare. 

Beuto;  (pop.)  part.  Bere. 

B6va <f. ;  i.  time  when  a  wine  is 
fit  to  drink.  2.  =  Bevanda,  beverage. 
3.  Essere  nella  sua  — ,  to  be  in  his 
element. 

*Bevace;  absorbent. 

Bevand-a/ ;  beverage.  Aff.  -accia 
pegg.-,  -ina  dim.)  -uccia  dim.  vezz. 


BEVERAGGIO—BI  ASCI  ARE 


Beveraggio  m.\  i.  drink,  esp,  ani- 
mal's, ttsit.  Beverone.  2.  drink-money. 

Beverat6io  »i.;  =  Abbeveratoio,  cattle-trough. 

Be"vere ;  v.  Here. 

Bevere"ccio;  agreeable  to  drink. 

Beveria/ ;  drinking-bout. 

Beverfno  (Beverello)  m.\\.  drinking 
vessel  in  a  bird-cage.  2.  cover  to  pro- 
tect an  oil  jar  from  rats. 

Be'vero  (Bivaro)  m.  (L.biber);  beaver. 

Beverdne  ;«. ;  I.  oatmeal  and  water. 
2.  medicated  drink.  3.  Fare  un  — , 
when  bathing,  a  jump  into  the  water. 

*i.  =  Mancia,   "tip."      ii.    Dare    il    — ,   to   give 
poison. 

Bevfbile;  drinkable. 

Bevicchiare ;  =  Sbeucchiare,  to  tip- 
ple. 

*  Bevilacqua  nt.  or./;  abstemious  person. 
*Bevirolo  ;;/.;  v.  Beverino. 

Bevi-t6re  in.,  -t6ra  or  -trice/I;  drinker. 
BeVola./;  v.  Beola. 

Bev6ne  m. ;  heavy  drinker. 

Bevucchiare  ;  =  Sbeucchiare,  to 
tipple. 

Bevuta/;   I.  the  act  of  drinking. 

2.  coffee    or    chocolate    with     milk. 

3.  (med.)  —  a  passare,  diuretic. 

Bevutinayl;  dim.  Bevuta. 

Bezidli  m.  pi.;  false  spectacles  for  curing  a 
squint,  made  opaque  with  a  little  hole  opposite  the 
centre  of  each  eye. 

Bezoar  tn.  (Persian  word) ;  bezoar  stone,  a 
concretion  of  hair  found  in  animals'  stomachs,  of 
supposed  medicinal  virtue. 

Bezugo ;  v.  Scorpena  (2). 
tBezzera/;  she-goat. 

Bezzic-are  ind.  bdzzico  (It.  becco 
through  **beccicare) ;  to  peck  at.  -arsi, 
to  quarrel  about  trifles.  Af.  -ata, 
-atura. 

B6zzo  m.  (Germ.  Batzen,  a  small  copper  coin); 
a  Venetian  coin,  about  half  a  farthing.  ' 

Biacca  /  (Germ,  bleich,  pale)  ; 
I.  white  lead.  2.  carbonate  of  zinc. 
3.  =Belletto,  paint  for  the  face.  4.  Non 
6  mal  da  — ,  i.e.  there  is  no  remedy  for 
it. 

*  Biacciucone ;  =  Bleso. 

t  Biacciucdso ;  =  Attaccaticcio,  sticky. 

Biacco  in.  (from  a  Germanic  source, 
cp.  E.  and  Low  Germ,  black) ;  a  species 
of  harmless  snake,  Coluber  milo.  Fischi- 
are  com'  un  — ,  to  hiss  like  a  snake, 
i.e.  have  nothing  to  live  upon. 

tBiaccone;  insincere. 

Biada/  (Biado  m.)  (cogn.  Fr.  bit, 
Prevent;,  blatz;  either  of  Germanic 
origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Blade,  or  <  L.  ab- 
lata) ;  corn  for  horses,  etc. 

Biad-aiolo  m. ;  corn-dealer,  -are, 
to  feed  with  corn. 

*  Biadetto  (for  Biavetto,  dim.  of  Biavo);  i.  sky- 
blue,     ii.    blue  carbonate  of  copper. 

•Biadora,  old/X-  of  •  Biado;  v.  Biada. 
•Biadulim.  >/.;  stubble. 

Biadume  m. ;  any  kind  of  grain. 
•Biagiatay1:;  silliness. 

Biagio  m. ;  S.  — ,  St  Blaise.  Adagio 
— ,  steady  a  bit,  not  too  fast!  said  to 
one  who  forms  a  hasty  judgment:  but 
the  expression  seems  to  be  merely  a 


jingle,  it  has  no  obvious  connection  with 
St  Blaise,  who  was  bishop  of  Ragusa, 
and  from  the  manner  of  his  martyr- 
dom, torture  with  iron  combs,  has 
become  the  patron  saint  of  woolcombers. 
Dare  il  S.  — ,  to  punish  a  person  as  he 
deserves.  Sapere  a  quanti  di  e  S.  — , 
to  know  when  it  will  be  St  Blaise's  day, 
i.e.  to  know  all  about  something;  the 
origin  of  the  phrase  is  that  in  Florence 
that  day  was  a  holiday  for  apprentices 
of  the  silk  craft,  whose  hall  was  near 
the  church  of  St  Blaise.  La  repubblica 
di  S.  — ,  =  Venice,  Ragusa  having  been 
under  Venetian  dominion.  Credersi  — , 
i.e.  to  believe  one  can  impose  upon 
simple-minded  people  by  pretended 
simplicity. 

tBiagiu61i   in.  pi. ;  Non  tener  su  i  — ,  to  be 
dropping  to  sleep. 

Bianca/;  i.  Dormir  la  — ,  of  a 
silkworm,  to  take  the  first  of  its  four 
sleeps,  v.  Biancolina.  2.  chocolate 
with  milk.  3.  at  billiards,  white  ball. 
4.  v.  Bianchetta.  '((mar.)  bunt  whip. 

Biancastro ;  rather  white. 

Biancheggi-are  ind.  bianchdggio  ; 
to  turn  white.  AJf.  -ame'nto. 

Biancherla/ ;  linen  or  cotton  things, 
generally. 

Biancheriuccia  ;  dim.  spreg.  Biancheria. 
*  Bianchetta  /.;   i.   a  white  lining  cloth,     ii.   a 
variety  of  wheat. 

tBianchetti  m.  fl.\  a  sort  of  whitebait  at  Elba. 

Bianch^tto  m. ;  i.  white  enamel  for 
painting  the  face.  2.  (paint.)  Chinese 
white.  3.  a  variety  of  wheat. 

Bianch-e'zza  / ;  whiteness,  -iccio; 
whitish. 

Biancb.ime'nto  m.;  i.  the  bleaching 
of  salt,  sugar,  etc.  2.  removal  of  tarnish 
from  silver. 

Bianchfna  /  ;  v.  Bianca  ( i ). 

Blanch-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  whiten, 
bleach,  to  remove  the  tarnish  from 

(silver). 

Bianc-0  (O.H.G.  planch,  white,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Blank);  i.  white;  Arma  -a, 
the  bayonet.  2.  blank ;  Giornata  -a,  day 
on  which  nothing  is  earned.  3.  whiten- 
ing, for  whitewashing;  Dare  di — ,  (a)  to 
whitewash,  (b)  to  cancel  (an  intention), 
(c)  to  exclude  ;  Nella  sua  antologia  ha 
dato  di  —  al  Manzoni,  he  has  not  in- 
cluded anything  by  Manzoni  in  his 
anthology.  4.  Porre  il  nero  sul  — ,  i.e. 
to  write.  5.  Tirare  nel  — ,  at  billiards : 
Giuochi  bene  al  biliardo  ?  Che,  tiro  al 
— ,  Oh,  I  can  aim  at  the  white,  i.e.  I 
am  a  poor  player.  6.  Di  punto  in  — , 
(a)  point  blank,  referring  to  a  white 
spot  in  the  centre  of  a  black  target,  to 
aim  at  which  gives  no  elevation  to  the 
gun,  (b)  all  of  a  sudden.  7.  Cuocere  il 
pane  in  — ,  to  make  white  toast  by 
holding  bread  near  the  fire  but  not 
near  enough  to  colour.  8.  Cucire  di 
— ,  to  sew  shirts  and  other  fine  work. 
9.  Eta  -a,  or  Peli  -hi,  old  age.  10.  (hist.) 
Bianchi  e  Neri,  the  White  and  Black 
parties  formed  amongst  the  Guelphs  of 


Florence  in  1300.  ii.  —  d'  argento, 
(paint!)  shell  white.  12.  —  di  balena, 
spermaceti.  13.  —  di  Venezia,  (paint.) 
Venetian  white.  14.  —  di  zinco,  car- 
bonate of  zinc.  15.  -a  ragione,  plain 
reason.  16.  Bisante  — ,  silver  byzant, 
a  coin  ;  Bisante  --  saracinato,  gold 
byzant.  17.  Caffe  — ,  with  milk. 
18.  Terra  -a,  bare.  19.  —  vento,  south 
wind.  20.  (anat.)  Canali  -hi,  the  lym- 
phatics. 21.  Ulivo  — ,  a  variety  of 
olive  or  the  olive  before  it  ripens  to 
purple.  22.  (mus.)  a  minim.  23.  Voce 
-a,  that  of  women  or  boys.  24.  a  disease 
in  plants.  25.  (med.)  Riveder  in  — , 
to  suffer  from  leucorrhcea.  26.  (mar.) 
white,  untarred.  27.  11.  Bianca. 

Proverbs :  II  —  e  il  nero  han  fatto 
ricca  Vinezia,  Venice  was  enriched  by 
her  oriental  trade  (in  pepper  and  cotton). 
Passata  la  festa  il  pazzo  in  —  resta,  when 
the  festive  time  is  over  the  fool  remains 
penniless. 

*  Biancofiore   m. ;    a  kind   of  dance   for  four 
persons. 

Biancolay:;=  Ballerina,  wagtail. 
Biancolina  /.;  the  second  of  the  four  sleeps  of 
the  silkworm. 

t  Biancolino  m.;  a  variety  of  fig. 
Biancomangiare  m.;  blancmange. 

Biancone;  very  pale  (complexion). 
As  sb. :  i.  Parere  il  — ,  to  have  big 
limbs,  ///.  to  appear  to  be  the  Biancone, 
the  colossal  statue  of  Neptune  in  the 
Piazza  della  Signoria  at  Florence.  2.  a 
variety  of  grape  and  wine  at  Elba. 
3.  harrier  eagle,  Circaetus  gallicus,  Fr. 
Jean  le  tlanc,  also  termed  Aquilotto, 
Falco  aquilino  bianco,  Terzo  d'  Aquila. 

•Bianconellay;;  a  variety  of  white  wine. 

Biancospfno  m. ;  (hot.)  hawthorn  or 
May  tree,  Crataegus  oxyacantha,  also 
termed  Spino  bianco,  Marruca  bianca, 
Bagaia. 

*  Biancozzo  m. ;  whitening  made  with  flowers  of 
lime. 

Biancuccio ;  greyish  white. 

Biancume  m. ;  quantity  of  white 
things. 

*  Biante  m. ;  vagabond. 

Biascia  or  Biascica/  (v.  Biasciare); 

1.  slobber;  Aver  la  — ,  to  eat  slobber- 
ingly,  without  appetite.     2.    quasi  fig. 
bread  insufficiently  risen. 

Biasci-amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Biasciamiddlle  m.  or  /,  indecl. ; 
scherz.  toothless  person. 

Biasciamoccoli  m.  indecl.;  hypo- 
critical bigot. 

Biascianovene  ;«.,  or  more  usu.  /., 
indecl.;  bigot. 

Biasciantfngoli  m.  indecl.;  i.  one 
who  lisps.  2.  good-for-nothing  fellow. 

Biasciapaterndstri  m.  or/,  indecl.; 
bigot. 

Biasciare  or  Biascicare  (L.  blaesus, 
lisping,  through  a  form  **tlaesare,  to 
lisp);  i.  to  chew  with  the  gums,  or 
with  the  teeth,  but  without  appetite. 

2.  to  lisp.     3.  to  murmur  indistinctly, 
mumble;    --   una  lingua,  to   speak   it 


86 


BIASCIAROSARI— BIETOLINA 


with  difficulty.  4.  Biascicarla  male,  to 
do  a  thing  unwillingly;  E'  la  biascia, 
he  hesitates  about  doing  it.  5.  to  give 
a  wet  kiss. 

Biasci-arosari  »/.;  bigot,  a.  -are. 

Biasciasorbacerbe  tit.  indccl.  ;  Viso  di  —  , 
wry  face. 

Biascic-a,  -amento,  -are,  -atura;  v.  Biascia, 
etc. 

Biascicchiare;  freq.  and  spreg.  of 
Biasciare,  to  keep  lisping,  etc. 

Biasci-c6ne,  -c6na,  -c6tto,  -cott6ne  ;  i.q. 
Biasci-one,  -ona,  -otto,  -ottone. 

Biascino  m.  ;  i.  one  who  eats  with- 
out appetite.  2.  child  who  lisps. 

Biascion-accio,  -accia/opg'.  Biascione. 
Biascioncin-o  m.,  -a/T;  dim.vezz.  Biascione, 
i.e.  slobbering  baby. 

Biasci6n-e  ;«.,  -a  /  ;  one  who 
slobbers  or  lisps  badly. 

*  Biasciottare  ;  i.  =  Biasciare.    ii.  to  pelt  a  person 
with  Biasciotti. 

Biascibtto  m.  ;  i.  person  who  lisps. 
2.  piece  of  paper  or  crust,  etc.,  that 
has  been  chewed  and  spat  out. 

Biasciott6ne  m.  ;  one  who  lisps  badly. 
tBiasci-ucare  or  -ucolare;  =  Biasciare. 
Biasciucchiare;  =  Biascicchiare  but  more  spreg. 
Biasimabile;  open  to  comment. 

Biasim-are  ind.  biasimo  ;  to  blame. 
*-arsi,  to  complain.  Ajf.  -at6re,  -atora. 

Biasim6vol-e;  culpable.  Aff.-min\.t. 

Biasimo  m.  (L.  blasphe>niu>n<Gr. 
P\air<j>Tjii.[n  <  PXairrw,  to  injure,  $r}/ii;, 
speech)  ;  blame. 

BiaSim6n-e  m:,  -a  /  ;  great  fault- 
finder. 


Bfbbia  /  (L.  biblia,  Gr.  0i£Xio,  pi. 
of  jStjSXi'oi'  <  /3u0Xoff,  the  Egyptian  papy- 
rus); i.  bible.  2.  scherz.  long  docu- 

ment. 

Bibbio  w.;=Fischione,  widgeon. 

Biberazzo  m.  ;  —  di  mare,  Virginian  venus 
shell,  Venus  virginea,  also  termed  Caparon. 

Biberon  m.\  i.  —  colorito,  lisor,  a  species  of 
mussel,  Mactra  stultorutn.  2.  —  di  marina,  spoon 
shell,  Mactra  lactea. 

Bibia_/^;  schtrz.  wine,  dregs  of  wine. 

Bibinella  or  BipineliayC;  =  Salvastrella,  salad 
burnet. 

Bfbita/;  draught,  1.7}.  of  medicine. 

Biblico;  biblical. 

*  Biblide  /«.;  \.  a  sort  of  rope  made  of  papyrus, 
ii.  a  kind  of  collapsible  boat. 

Biblid-filo,  -grafia,  -graficam£nte,  -grafico, 
-grafo;  bibliophile,  bibliography,  etc. 

Bibliolite  f,\  book-stone,  stone  split  like  a  book. 

Bibliologfa  f.  ;  art  of  knowing  the  value  of 
books. 

Biblidman-e  /«.;  one  mad  upon  books.  Aff.  -la. 

Bibliornanzia  /,;  divination  by  taking  a  text 
of  the  Bible  at  random. 

*  Bibltomappa  /  ;  atlas  with  explanatory  text. 
Bibliote-ca/;  (L.<Gr.  fapMov,  Apn),  chest) 

library.  Aff.  -carlo  librarian,  -chetta  dim.,  -china 
dim.  vezz.t  -cuccia  dim.  spreg. 

Biblorapto  m.  \  self-binding  contrivance  for 
books. 

Bibromuro  m.;  (ckent.)  double  bromate. 

Bibulo;  absorbent. 

Bica/.  (O.H.G.  biga^  heap;  akin  to 
E.  bing,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bing);  i.  heap 
of  sheaves  placed  ready  for  threshing. 
2.  heap  of  cow-dung. 

*i.  Montare  sulla  —  ,  to  fly  into  a  rage.  ii.  A  —  , 
wholesale;  Dire  a  —  ,  to  tell  roughly. 

Bicamerato  ;  (parliament)  of  two  chambers. 

Bicarbonato  m.  ;  (chew.)  bicarbonate. 

Bicarburo  m.  ',  (c/iein.)  bicarbonate  of  hydrogen, 
benzine. 


Bicchierata/! ;  wine-glassful  or  blow 
with  a  wine-glass. 

Bicchier-e  ( Bicchiero)  m.  (cogn. 
O.H.G.  behhAri)  old  Fr.  pichier,  Span. 
pichcl <.\h\..  bicarittm,  which  is  prob.<, 
Gr.  i3iKo?,  a  word  of  Oriental  origin, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Beaker,  Pitcher);  i.  cup, 
beaker,  wine-glass;  II  —  della  staffa, 
///.  the  stirrup-cup,  the  last  toast  at  a 
dinner.  2.  Culi  di  -i,  bottoms  of  wine- 
glasses, i.e.  sham  diamonds.  3.  a  cut 
from  the  rump  of  a  carcase.  4.  Potare 
a  — ,  to  trim  trees  into  the  shape  of  a 
cup.  5.  calyx  of  certain  lichens  and 
sea-weeds.  6.  in  //.,  cupping  glasses. 
7.  —  a  pippio,  glass  with  a  spout.  8.  — 
armato,  glass  coated  so  as  to  be  charge- 
able with  electricity  which  would  give  a 
shock  to  anyone  trying  to  drink  from  it. 
9.  —  cilindrico,  (chem.)  test-tube  with  a 
foot  to  stand  on. 

Bicchier^tto  m. ;  dim.  Bicchiere. 

Bicchierino  ;;/.;  i.  dim.  Bicchiere. 
2.  -  -  de'  prati,  (bot.)  a  species  of 
fungus,  Boletus  coriaceus.  3.  in  pL, 
cup  moss,  Lichen  pyxidatus,  also  termed 
Lichene  da  tazzette,  Musco  pissidato. 

Bicchier6ne  ;«.;  augm.  Bicchiere. 
Bicchierdtto  /».;  large  glass  of  its  kind,  e.g. 
large  liqueur  glass. 

Bicchieruccio  ttt.\  dim.  spreg.  Bicchiere. 

*  Bicciacchia/I;  a  mere  nothing. 
Bicciacuto  tn. ;  a  kind  of  battle-axe,  twybill. 

t  Bicciare ;  to  butt. 

*  Biccicalla  ;  in  the  jingle,  Biccicalla  calla  calla 
quante  corna  ha  la  cavalla?  or  similarly,  biccicuccu, 
biccicuccu,  quante  corna  sta  quassii  ?  which  is  said 
placing  a  hand  upon  a  boy's  head  and  holding  up 
one  or  more  fingers.     If  the  boy  guesses  right  he  is 
free ;  if  not,  it  goes  on,  E  se  cinque,  or  whatever  the 
right  number  was,  tu  dicevi,  la  cavalla  tu  vincevi. 
Playing    in   this  fashion    is    termed    Salincerbio  or 
Salmcervp. 

*  Biccico  m.\  corn,  lump  in  the  skin. 
+  Biccicdcca /;  v.  Biccicucca. 

t  Biccicdngolo  w.;  =  Buflfetto. 

Biccicucca/.  (<It.  bicocca,  by  re- 
duplication of  the  first  syllable,  perhaps 
under  the  influence  of  Picciolo,  small) ; 
little  fortress  or  tumble-down  place. 

*  Biccicuccu  ;  v.  Biccicalla. 

Biccicuco  nt. ;  enlargement  in  the  barrel  of  a 
pump. 

Biccing6ngolo  »/.;  v.  Biccicongolo. 

*  Bicciughera  ;  i.  tortoise,     ii.  restive  animal. 
Bicefalo  (L.  bis,  twice,  and  Gr.  K*^aAii,  head); 

two-headed. 

*  Bichiacchi;  v.  Bichicchi. 
*Bichiacchia/;  silly  talking. 

BichiccheyC//.;  cough-pills,  v.  Becchico. 
Bichicchi;    Un  chicchi  — ,   silly  fellow  who 
comes  fussing  round  merely  to  show  that  he  is  in 
existence. 

tBiciancola./!;  a  kind  of  swingboard. 

Bicictetta/  (dim.  Biciclo,  from  L. 
to,  twice,  and  Gr.  KVK\OS, circle);  bicycle. 

Bicicl-ismo,  -ista,  -o;  bicycling,  etc. 

*  Bicicli  nt.  pi, ',  spectacles,  pince-nez. 
*Bicinio   m.  (L.  bis,  canere,  to   sing);   (»ius.) 

piece  for  two  horns  and  two  trumpets, 
t  Bicioccolo  m. ;  =  Bernoccolo,  hump. 

Bicipite  (L.  bis,  capuf)\  i.  two-headed.  As 
sb.:  2.  (anat.)  biceps  muscle.  3.  (poet.)  Mt  Par- 
nassus from  its  double  peak. 

*  Bico ;  i.  =  Bicco,  slanting,     ii.  =  Bica,  heap. 

Bicbcca/;  i.  small  castle.  2.  any 
tumble-down  hovel,  esp.  on  a  hill. 
3.  look-out  on  the  top  of  a  house. 

Etym.  obscure.  Cogn.  Span,  bicoca,  hovel,  or 
group  of  hovels,  also  sentry  box,  Span,  bicoquin  or 
bicpqitete,  a  form  of  head-dress,  Piedmontese  bicochin, 

friest's    hat ;    the    Fr.    bicoyut    is    borrowed    from 
talian.     According  to  Korting  these  forms  are<blt. 
**C(VCrt<L.   conca,   shell,   v.    infra   Cocca,   Conca, 


with  pegg.  prefix  bis,  v.  Bis-.  Pianigiani  on  the 
other  hand  holds  that  the  Italian  word  was  adopted 
from  the  Spanish,  which  he  considers  to  be  of  Ger- 
manic origin  and  cognate  with  It.  bica,  heap. 
Neither  of  these  explanations,  however,  seems  very 
satisfactory. 

Bicdllo  m.  ;  yoke  (for  a  man  to  carry  water- 
buckets  with). 

Bicolbre  (L.);  of  two  colours. 

*  Biconcio  nt,;  an  old  measure  of  quantity. 
Bic6n-e  in.,  -A/,  (augm.  of  Bica);   very  fat 

and  awkward  person. 

Biconiugato;  (bot.)  biconjugate,  when  each  of 
two  secondary  petioles  bears  a  pair  of  leaflets. 

Bicdrne  or  Bicdrno  (L.);  i.  with  two  horns. 
2.  forked. 

Bicbrnia  (Bicornea)  /I;  i.  anvil  with  one  horn 
square  and  the  other  round.  2.  bickern,  small  anvil 
used  by  goldsmiths.  3.  an  instrument  used  by 
leather-dressers  to  make  leather  supple. 

Bicuspide  ;  (arch.)  with  two  cusps. 

*  Bidale  m.  ;  light-armed  soldier. 

Bide  m.  (Fr.  bidet,  v.  Bidetto)  ;  bidet,  little 
bath  for  washing  the  body,  when  seated  astride  of  it. 

Bidell-o  m.,  -a/  (mlt.  bidellus,  from 
O.H.G.  peti^  messenger,  cp.  A.S.  bydet^ 
Germ.  Buttet)\  beadle. 

Bidentale  m.  (L.);  i.  ancient  temple  erected 
where  a  person  had  been  killed  by  lightning.  2.  in 
//.,  the  priests  of  the  same. 

Bidente  m.  (L.)  ;  i-  two-pronged 
fork  for  digging  in  hard  ground,  also 
termed/*?/.,  Ubbidiente.  2.  the  sceptre 
of  Pluto.  3.  two-tooth  sheep  showing 
it  to  be  two  years  old.  4.  (bot.)  bur- 
marigold,  v.  Forbicina. 

Bidetto  m.  (Fr.  bidet  from  a  Celtic  root  bid, 
small);  pony,  MS/I.  Ronzino. 

Bid611o  /«.;  OW.)=Betulla,  birch. 
*Bid6ne«/.;  (mar.)\.  keg.   ii.  oil-can,   in.  =Ga- 
vetta,  mess-bowl. 

Bi6-cp(L.  obliquus)\  i.  skew;  Guar- 
dare  cogli  occhi  -chi,  to  look  askance  at. 
2.  fig.  savage  (eyes).  3.  knavish  (act). 
4.  as  adv,,  savagely. 

*i.  twisted  (mouth),  ii.  purblind,  in.  as  adv, 
A  —  =A  sbieco,  obliquely. 

Bieddne  m.\  (^/.)=Blito,  strawberry  blite. 
i  Biegio  ;  half  starved,  v.  Viegio. 


(Fr.  bietle  of  unkn.  orig.}  ; 
lever,  connecting-rod.     Aff.  -dtta,  link. 

Bielo  nt.  ;  (mar.)  fid,  piece  of  hard  wood  tapered 
to  a  point. 

'Bielta  /C;=Beltk,  beauty. 

Biennale  ;   i.   lasting  two  years.     2.   recurring 
every  two  years. 

Bienne  ;   i.   (bot.)  biennial.     2.   student  in  his 
second  year. 

Biennio  ///.;  period  of  two  years. 
*  Biescio    (L.    bifaxt    v.    Sbiescio)  ;  =  Sbieco, 
slanting. 

tola,  beet. 


Bi^tola  or  Barbabtetola  /;   (bot.) 

1.  beet,  Beta  ivutgaris\   C3  e  come  la 
bietola  ne'  tortelli,  he  is  like  beet-root 
in  a  pie,  i.e.  he  has  a  regular  place  in 
his  department  but  is  not  thought  much 
of,  and  is  only  there  to  fill  up  the  number. 
A  commoner  phrase  is  Come  il  prezze- 
molo  nelle  polpette,  like  parsley  in  a 
rissole.     Mangiar  bietole,  to  feel  afraid. 

2.  —  d'  acqua,  =  Lingua  da  acqua,  pond- 
weed. 

Etym.  Diefenbach  derives  the  word  from  mlt. 
bleta  for  L.  beta',  the  usual  deriv,  is  **  blitula.,  dim. 
of  blititm,  Gr.  /SAiroc,  It.  blito.  The  former  is  more 
probable  in  the  compound  bar  ba-  bietola,  meaning 
beet  with  filamentous  roots,  the  L.  beta\  the  second 
derivation  more  readily  explains  the  meaning  of  silly 
in  the  words  Bietolone  and  Biedone,  in  correspond- 
ence with  L.  bliteu$i  since  blitum,  though  its  leaves 
have  a  flavour  like  spinach,  is  an  insipid  fruit,  T. 
Blito. 

Bietolaggine/;  stupidity. 

Bietollna  /  ;  i.  dim.  Bietola. 
2.  dyer's  rocket,  v.  Erba  (55). 


BIETOLONE—BI  LANCIA 


Bietolon-e  m.,  -a  /  (v.  Bietola, 
sub  fin."} ;  I.  booby.  2.  (60 f.)  —  rosso, 
mountain  spinach,  orache,  Atriplex 
hortensis,  also  termed  Atriplice  rosso, 
Spinacione. 

*  Bietone  /«.  ;  =  Bietolone  (2). 

Bi6tt-a/  (Etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  < 
O.H.G.  ties,  a  patch)  ;  I.  wedge. 
2.  quasi  fig.  =  Bazza,  long  chin.  3.  Mala 
— ,  mischief-maker.  4.  in  a  violin,  bow- 
nut,  for  holding  the  fibres  of  the  bow. 
5.  (print.}  wooden  quoin.  Aff.  -ina, 
-oh'na  dims,,  -one  augm. 

*  Bifere  (L.  bis,fero)\  flowering  twice  a  year. 

Biffa  /  (mlt.  bijfa,  prob.  <  Lombard 
•wtffa,  boundary  mark,  from  O.H.G. 
wifan,  to  weave);  I.  stake  with  a  piece 
of  white  paper  at  the  top,  used  in 
surveying  or  taking  levels ;  Tirar  le 
biffe,  fig.  to  use  every  possible  means 
for  attaining  some  purpose.  2.  white 
mark  placed  on  a  wall  which  is  to  be 
demolished. 

*i.  purple,     ii.  (mil.)  a  kind  of  catapult. 

Biffare ;  to  stake  out. 

Bifido;  asE. 

Biftlare  ;  Bilancia  — ,  bifilar  torsion  balance 
used  in  measuring  small  quantities  of  electricity. 

Bifolc-ay^;  ploughman's  wife,  -heria/I;  act 
of  a  ploughman. 

Bifolco  (Bifulco)  in.  (L.  bubulcus, 
ox-driver, < bo s) ;  I.  ploughman.  2.  the 
constellation  Bootes. 

Bifonchiare;  =  Bofonchiare,  to  grumble. 
+  Bif6nchio  m. ;  hornet. 

Biforc-are  bid.  biforco;  to  bifurcate.  Ajjf. 
-amento,  -atura,  -azipne. 

Bif6rco  ;«.  ;=Bidente,  two-pronged  fork. 

Biforcuto;  i.  forked.    2.  fig.  double-minded. 

Biforme  ;  with  two  shapes. 

Bifronte  ;  i.  double-faced.  2.  double-topped 
(hill). 

Bifulco;  v.  Bifolco. 

Biga  /  (L. <bi-juga);  \.  ancient 
racing  car.  2.  four-wheeled '  dog-cart 
with  two  seats.  3.  (mar.)  — ,  or  Capria, 
shears  for  raising  heavy  weights.  4.  — 
da  carena,  beams  to  support  the  masts 
when  a  ship  is  careened,  outriggers. 

tin//.,=  Aghi,  shear  legs. 

Bigallo  m.  ;  an  orphanage  and 
foundling  hospital  at  Florence.  Essere 
in  sul  — ,  to  be  poor. 

Bigamia  f.\  bigamy. 

Bigamo  (L.  bigamus,  twice  married,  <  L.  bis 
and  Gr.  yo/te'w;  the  word  is  quoted  by  Isidore,  sixth 
century);  i.  bigamous.  2.  twice  married  (legally). 

Bigarato;  v.  Bigherato. 

Bigato ;  i.  (coin)  stamped  with  a  car.  2.  Mai 
— ,  evil-disposed. 

Bigattiera  /  ;  silkworm  establish- 
ment. 

t  Bigatto  or  Bigattolo  «/.  (perhaps  by  aphaerests 
from  ** bt>mbycatus,<\i.  bombyx,  silkworm);  i.  silk- 
worm.  ii.  Mai  — ,  evil-disposed  person;  Ruon  — , 
=  Uomo  assennato,  good  sensible  man.  iii.  corn- 
weevil,  iv.  concealed  spiral  spring  in  a  toy,  etc. 

*  Bigcllo  m. :  coarse  grey  cloth.  Dare  scarlalto 
per  — ,  (a)  to  give  good  service  for  inadequate  pay, 
(b)  to  go  where  there  is  no  scope  for  one's  abilities. 

Bigeminato;  (l>ot.)i.>j.  Biconiugato. 

Bigenere  adj. ;  mule. 

Bigerella./;  V.  Berlingoz/ino. 

Biger6gnolo ;  greyish,  fig.  bad. 
Big^ttO ;  greyish. 
Bighellare ;  =  Bighellonare. 
Bighellon-accio ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -are,  to 


walk  about  listlessly,    -aggine/;  habit 
of  listlessness.     -ata/ ;  lazy  excursion. 

Bighell6ne  m.  (variant  of  Bigollone); 
idler,  lout. 

Bighelldni  adv.;  in  idleness. 

*  Bigheraio  m. ;  i.  buffoon,     ii.  v.  Bigherinaio. 

Bigherato  ;  trimmed  with  lace. 

*Bigherello;  v.  Bigorello. 
Bigherinaio  in. ;  lace-seller. 

Bigherfno  ;//.  (dim.  of  Bighero)  ; 
i.  lace.  2.  the  ornamental  stitching 
on  the  upper  part  of  the  back  of  a  boot. 
3.  ornamentation  like  lace  worked  in 
straw. 

*  Bighero   ;«.  (<**Bigo,   formed  by  aphaeresis 
from    L.   bombyx,  v.   Baco) ;    i.    lace.     ri.    (herald.*) 
laced  ornamentation. 

*  Bighin-a_/;,  -o  w.;=Beghina  or  -o,  devotee. 

*  Bighiotto;  =  Bigotto,  bigoted. 

BigiayC;  (ornitk.)i.  — grossa,  Orphean  warbler, 
Sylvia  orphea,  also  termed  Orfeo.  2.  —  padovana, 
Sylvia  nisoria,  also  termed  —  strisclata,  Celega 
padovana. 

*  north  wind;  eft.  Fr.  bise,  ?-.  *  Bigio  (B). 
Bigiarella  f. ;    (omitk.~)   lesser    white-throat, 

Sylvia  curruca,  also  termed  Pizzicamosche,  Scatta- 
rello,  Scoperagnola  rninore. 
Bigiccio ;  greyish. 

Bigio  (A) ;  grey.  Fame  delle  nere 
e  delle  bige,  to  commit  crimes  of  every 
degree.  Non  si  grida  al  lupo  che  non 
sia  can  — ,  one  does  not  complain  of  a 
person  without  some  cause,  lit.  call  him 
wolf  unless  he  is  a  vicious  dog.  Saper 
distinguere  il  —  dal  nero,  i.e.  to  have 
good  judgment. 

*i.  evil -disposed,     ii.  as  sb.,  II  — ,  the  Inquisition. 

Etym.  dub.  The  most  probable  derivation 
seems  that  <  **  bombycius  <  L.  bmitbyx,  v,  Baco  ; 
the  cognate  forms,  Provenc,.  and  Fr.  bis,  Span,  bnzo, 
Portug.  bitzio,  more  or  less  support  it,  as  well  as  the 
Ital.  bambagia ;  the  word  seems  originally  to  have 
meant  dark  as  in  old  Fr.  azur-bis,  vert-bis,  dark 
blue,  dark  green,  presumably  because  the  imported 
silk  stuffs  were  dyed  dark. 

*(B)(c/>gn.  Fr.  £M/,<O.H.G.  l>isa)\  north  wind. 

Bigi6gnolo ;  greyish. 

Bigiolay;;  black-cap,  v.  Capinero. 

Bigiolino  «/.;  ?'.  Berlingozzino. 

Bigioldne  ;K.  ;  (/«'/.)  the  Agaricits  albellits,  a 
fungus. 

Bigiotterla  f.  (Fr.);  jewellery. 

Bigidtto  ttt. ;  one  who  assumed  a  religious  dress. 

Bigiu  m.;  Fr.  bijou  Italianised. 

Biglia;  v.  Bilia. 

Bigliardo;  i.  v.  Biliardo.  2.  (mar.)  a  kind  of 
punch. 

Bigliett-aio,  -ario  or  -inaio  /;/. ; 
ticket-clerk  at  a  booking-office,  -ino 

///.,  ticket. 

Bigltetto  or  Viglietto  ///. ;  r.  short 
letter,  note.  2.  ticket.  3.  —  di  visita, 
visiting  card.  4.  —  di  banca,  bank-note. 

Etym.  The  source  of  the  word  is  the  I,,  bullare 
of  imit.  origin,  from  the  bubbling  of  boiling  water. 
From  this  came  bulla,  water-babble,  which  in  Latin 
was  used  for  various  rounded  things  and  in  mlt. 
became  the  little  leaden  ball  attached  to  the  seal  of 
a  document,  and  hence  was  taken  for  the  document 
itself  which  is  the  origin  of  the  Papal  "bull,"  &. 
Bolla.  From  bulla  in  the  sense  of  document  the  E. 
word  bill  was  developed,  with  the  corresponding  mean- 
ing which  it  still  bears,  as  well  as  a  similar  Latinised 
form  billa,  RO  that  in  mlt.  bulla  and  billa  exist  side 
by  side.  From  a  dim.  of  billa  came  the  Fr.  billet, 
which,  lastly,  was  Italianised  into  biplietto. 

Bigliettuccio  m.\  dim.  sfireg.  Biglietto. 

*  Bigliocco  ;«.;=Pitocco,  beggar. 

*  Biglione  tn.',  base  silver.     The  word  occurs  in 
Fr.,   Proven^.,   etc.,  and    is  akin  to    F,.   bullion,  of 
mixed  origin,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Bullion. 

Bignoniacee///.  (from  the  name  of  the  Abb<5 
Bignon,  Librarian  to  Louis  XIV);  (&?A)the  trumpet- 
flower  family  including  the  genus  Bignonia,  one  of 
which,  Bignonia  radicans,  is  a  handsome  creeper. 
Another  genus  is  the  catalpa  tree,  of  which  there  are 
several  species. 


tBignoro  /«. ;  i.    bottle-necked  glass  jar.     ii. - 
Pentolino,  earthenware  pot. 

Bigoli  m.  pi.  (dint,  of  **Bigo,  v.  Bighero); 
vermicelli. 

Bigollino  m.  (dim.  Bigollo ;  orig.  therefore 
trader) ;  coasting  craft. 

*  Bigollo  tn. ;  i.  =Pigollo>  spinning-top,    ii.  hawk- 
er, vagrant. 

*  Bigollone    m.    (<  **  bombycnlus,   dim.    of    L. 
bomby.r,    silkworm,    v.     Baco,    Bigio,    Bambagia) ; 
=  Bighellone,  loafer. 

Bigoncetta ;  dim.  Bigoncia. 

Big6ncia  /  (fani.  of  Bigoncio  < 
**bi-congius  <  L.  congiits,  a  liquid 
measure,  which  may  be  connected  with 
conca,  shell);  i.  bucket.  2.  the  same 
used  as  a  measure.  3.  Essere  in  — , 
to  be  in  difficulties.  4.  reading-desk 
in  an  academy;  Montare  in  — ,  scherz. 
to  pretend  to  lecture. 

*  Far  tenere  i  pie  nella  — ,  to  prevent  a  couple 
from  nudging  each  other  under  the  table  with  their 
feet. 

Bigon-cio  ;;/.  (?/.  Bigoncia) ;  large 
tub  with  two  of  the  staves  longer  than 
the  others  and  perforated  for  slinging 
on  a  pole.  AM  -cioldtto  small  pail, 
-ciolino  tiny  little  pail,  -ciolo  or  -ciuolo 
pail,  -ci6ne  or  -ciona  augm. 

*Bigone  tn. ;  i.  troop.     ii.  =  Bigoncia,  bucket. 
tBigongiayT;  v.  Bigoncia. 
tBigdma/I;  revelry. 
tBigonzo  /«.;=  Bigoncio.  tub. 
•Bigordare;  v.  *Bagordare. 

BigorellayC;  (w<ir.)  =  Cucitura  semplice,  round 
seam. 

*  Bigorello  or  Bigherello  /«. ;  (mar.)  doubling, 
i.e.  edge  of  a  sail  turned  over  twice  and  hemmed  in, 
with  a  soft  cord  inside  the  fold. 

Bigdtt-a  yT,  -o  m.  (Etynt.  unkn.)',  i.  bigot. 
Also  as  adj.,  bigoted,  a.  (mar.)  dead-eye,  a  kind 
of  block ;  —  a  canali,  or  a  un  occhio  scanalato,  heart 
with  scores  for  the  lanyard,  the  French  ntoque ;  — 
con  girella,  clump  block. 

Bigotteriay^,  or  Bigottismo  /«. ;  bigotry. 

Bigott6ne  m.\  augm.  Bigotta. 
tBigdzzo;  v.  Bigotta  (i). 

*Bigrencioli  m.  pl.\  (hot.)  heather,  Erica  vul- 
garis. 

Bigutta  /  (L.  guttits,  v.  Gotto, 
with  pegg.  prefix,  v.  Bis-) ;  i.  iron 
cooking  pot.  2.  a  large  quantity  of 
thin  soup.  3.  long  tedious  written 
paper.  4.  complicated  affair. 

Bigutt6n-e  »/.,  or  -ayC;  augm.  Bigutta. 

Blumcelle/.//. ;  Pesca  alle  — ,  a  sort  of  trawl- 
ing by  two  fishing-boats  with  a  net  as  it  were  slung 
between  them. 

Bilance"tta/;  dim.  Bilancia. 

Bilancia  /  (L.  bi-lanx^  adj.  with 
two  plates);  i.  pair  of  scales;  Dare 
il  tratto  or  il  tracollo  alia  — ,  to  give 
a  touch  to  the  balance  so  as  to  incline 
the  scales,  fig.  to  come  to  a  decision 
upon  a  doubtful  point ;  Pesare  colla  — 
delP  orafo,  with  the  jeweller's  scales, 
i.e.  to  be  unnecessarily  scrupulous ; 
Pesar  colla  —  dell1  Elba,  with  this 
addition  implied  or  expressed;  che  non 
pesava  che  il  mille,  which  only  weighed 
in  thousands,  to  give  a  broadly  ex- 
pressed or  an  exaggerated  opinion  ; 
Pesarsi  colla  —  dell'  Elba,  to  have 
great  self-esteem.  2.  —  a  ponte,  =  Bas- 
culla,  weighbridge.  3.  square  fishing- 
net,  v.  Bilancelle.  4.  Portar  1*  arme 
a  — ,  to  carry  the  rifle  at  the  trail. 
5.  balance  of  a  watch.  6.  —  com- 
merciale,  balance  of  trade.  7.  splinter- 
bar  of  a  carriage  to  which  the  traces 
are  fastened  or  the  bar  which  is  hooked 
on  to  the  splinter-bar  when  an  extra 


88 


BILANCIAMENTO— BIONDELLA 


horse  is  attached.     8.  in  pi.,  the  con- 
stellation Libra. 

*\.  —  corsia,  steel-yard,  ii.  In  gran  — ,  in  great 
danger,  iii.  Stare  in  — ,  of  a  com,  to  be  of  full 
weight. 

Bilanci-amento,  -are,  -atamente,  -atdre; 
7'.  Bilancia. 

Bilanciere  tit. ;  i.  pendulum.  2.  in 
a  mint,  a  weighted  lever  which  regulates 
the  stamping  of  the  coins.  3.  balancing 
pole  of  a  gymnast.  4.  brake,  handle  of 
a  windlass,  etc.  5.  balance-spring  of  a 
watch.  6.  accountant.  7.  in  pi.,  in 
dipterous  insects  the  rudiments  of  a 
second  pair  of  wings.  8.  (mar.}  gimbal- 
rings  of  a  compass. 

Bilancina/;  i.  apothecaries'  bal- 
ance. 2.  v.  Bilancino  (3). 

Bilancino  m. ;  i.  extra  horse  at- 
tached to  a  carriage  at  a  steep  hill. 
2.  postilion  who  rides  it.  3.  bar  to 
which  the  traces  of  the  extra  horse  are 
fastened.  4.  quasi  fig.  extra  hand  in 
any  job. 

Bilancio  m.  (var.  of  Bilancia) ; 
i.  equilibrium  between  income  and 
expenditure.  2.  —  preventive,  budget 
estimates  ;  —  consuntivo,  definitive  or 
actual  budget ;  Foglio  di  — ,  balance- 
sheet  ;  —  di  verificazione,  trial  balance ; 
Fare  il  — ,  to  write  up  one's  accounts. 

*  undulation;  the  undulating  movement  of  a  ship 
in  a  calm  sea. 

Bilaterale  (mlt.  bilateralis);  mutual  (contract). 
*Bilbire  (L.);  =  GorgogIiare,  to  gurgle. 
Bile  (or  pop.  Bilie)>C  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)\ 

1.  bile.     2.  Jig.  anger.     3.  —  sparsa,  jaundice, 
t  Bilenco;=Sbilenco,  crooked. 

*  Bilercio  ;  of  a  stick,  big. 

Bili-a  /  (A)  —  or  Biglia  (in  Span. 
billa,  etym.  dub.,  possibly  **pilea,  from 
L.  pila,  a  ball ;  see,  however,  Biliardo); 
pocket  of  a  billiard  table.  Far  — , 
to  hole  the  adversary's  ball.  Far  - 
colla  sua,  to  hole  one's  own  ball,  which 
in  Italian  billiards  counts  against  the 
striker. 

(B)  (Fr.  bille,  log  of  wood,  a  Celtic 
word)  ;  i.  short  crooked  stick  for 
twisting  up  the  ropes  of  a  pack;  Aver 
le  -e,  to  have  crooked  legs.  2.  =  Birillo. 

Biliard-aio  m.\  billiard-table  maker.  Ajf.  -ata 
a  game  of  billiards,  -etto  dim.  small  billiard-table, 
-iere  billiard-marker,  or  billiard-table  proprietor,  -mo 
dim.  vezz.  Another  term  for  billiard-marker  is  rJis- 
cazziere. 

Biliardo  or  Bigliardo  ;;/.  ;    i.    billiard-table. 

2.  billiards.     3.  billiard-room. 

Etym.  Fr.  billard,<bille,  v.  Bilia  (B),  with 
Germanic  suffix,  v.  supra  -ardo,  in  lnco,  so  that  the 
original  meaning  was  billiard-cue. 

Biliare ;  bilious. 

Bilic-are  ind.  bi'lico ;  i .  =  Mettere  or 
Tenere  in  bilico,  to  put  or  maintain  in 
equilibrium,  -arsi,  to  balance  oneself. 
Proi'.  Chi  troppo  bilica  sbilancia,  he 
who  balances  too  much  overbalances, 
i.e.  he  who  tries  to  do  a  thing  too  well 
does  it  less  well  than  he  might.  2.  fig. 
to  balance  in  one's  mind,  to  ponder. 
+  =  Gingillare,  to  dally. 

Bilico  (Biligo)  ;//.  (by  aphaeresis 
from  L.  umbilicus,  in  the  sense  of 
centre,  cp.  Bellico.  The  use  of  this 
word  in  relation  to  balancing  is  derived 
from  the  poising  of  a  plank,  etc.,  about 


its  middle  point) ;  i.  unsteady  equi- 
librium ;  Trovare  il  — ,  to  get  the 
balance;  Portare  in  — ,  to  carry  some- 
thing nicely  poised.  Similarly  fig., 
Ouanto  piu  su  salisse,  piu  in  --  la 
caduta,  (considering  that)  the  higher 
he  climbed  the  greater  was  the  risk  of 
a  fall,  or  more  literally,  the  more  deli- 
cately balanced  was  the  question 
whether  he  would  fall  (transl.  from 
Tacitus  Ann.  I.  26).  II  Ministerp  e  in 
— ,  the  ministry  are  on  the  brink  of 
falling.  2.  counterpoise  of  a  heavy 
gate,  hung  so  as  to  relieve  the  strain 
upon  the  hinges.  3.  pivot  of  a  balance. 
4.  fig.  pivotal  point ;  S'  armarono  e 
furono  a  casa  gli  Uberti  che  era  il  — 
della  cittadinanza,  they  armed  them- 
selves and  met  at  the  house  of  the 
Uberti  which  was  the  pivotal  point  of 
the  city  (lit.  of  the  citizens).  5.  in  //., 
the  beams  for  raising  and  lowering  a 
drawbridge. 

*  i.  =  Bellico,  navel,     ii.  centre,     iii.  button  on  a 
knife  so  that  it  could  be  laid  down  without  touching 
the  table-cloth. 

Bilie/;  fop.  for  Bile,  bile. 

*  Biliemme    m.  •    (kist.)    a    nickname    for    the 
"potenze"  or  companies  in  which  the  lower  orders 
of  Florence,  living  in  the  Camaldoli,  were  grouped ; 
hence  Jig.  uproar,  confusion.    The  word  is  probably, 
like  Bailanime,  a  corruption  of  the  Turkish  Bairam, 
the  festival  which  closes  the  fasting  time  of  Ramadan. 

*  Biligo  ;  v.  Bilico. 

Bilingue;  i.  bilingual.  2.  double-tongued, 
tricky. 

Bilione  (or  fop.  Billione)  m.  (short  for  bi- 
milione) ;  billion,  in  British,  not  American,  usage, 
i.e.  a  million  millions. 

*  Biliorsa./;  bogey. 
Bili6so;  bilious. 

Biliottato  ;  (herald.)  covered  with  spots  like 
drops. 

Billa  y! ;  housewife's  name  for  calling  to  a  hen. 

Billeray^  (etym.  unkn.);  boy's  trick, 
e.g.  hiding  some  piece  of  mischief  or  not 
coming  in  at  the  proper  time. 

Billed  »/.;  (fot.)  i.  cuckoo  flower,  Cardaniitit- 
praicnsis,  also  termed  Viola  de*  pesci.  a.  —  rosso, 
the  Venus's  looking-glass  of  English  gardens,  Specn- 
iaria  sfieculu?n. 

Billi  tn.  sing,  or  //.;  i.  game  at  ninepins,  v. 

Birilli ;  Essere  il  — ,  to  count  for  nothing.  2. 

i.q.  Billebillel,  v.  Billa. 

Billione  ;  pop.  for  Bilione. 

Billo  m.  ;  =  Tacchino,  turkey-cock. 

tBilloray?;  =  Pillora,  a  large  stone. 
t Billori  m.pl.\=  Birilli,  f.v. 
tBillorone  m.:  lout. 

Biloculare  ;  (hot.)  (anthers  or  capsules)  divided 
into  two  cavities. 

Bilottato;  (herald.)  covered  with  plinths. 
•Bilta/;  beauty,  -a.  Bella. 

Bilustre  (L.);  ten  years  old. 
'Bimayl  (L.  bimus,  two  years  old);  young  sow 
which  has  never  pigged  and  is  not  pregnant. 

Bimb-o  m.,  -a  /  (a  variant  of  Bambo, 
y.v.);  i.  little  child.  2.  as  excl.  of  sur- 
prise, —  mio  che  piena !,  oh !  my !  what 
a  flood! 

+  Bimbolo  ;//,;  =  Bocclo,  bud,  esp,  rosebud, 
t  Bjmb6zzere  f.  //.;=Bambole,  dolls. 

Bimembre  (L.);  i.  with  limbs  in  pairs.  2.  of 
double  nature,  e.g.  a  Centaur. 

Bimestrale;  bi-monthly. 

Bim&str-e  m.  (L.) ;  i.  two  months  ; 
A  -i,  every  two  months.  2.  two  months' 
wages.  3.  Grano  — ,  grain  that  ripens 
in  two  months. 

Bjmetallismo  m.\  as  E. 

Bimolle  or  Bimmdlle  7/1. \  (tuns.)  the  mark  " 
of  a  flat,  v.  Biqquadro. 

*  Far  la  zolfa  per  binimolle,  scherz,  to  drink. 
Binare  (L.  Hnt)\  to  bear  twins. 


Bin£rio  (L.);  i.  binary.  2,  (mus.) 
in  two  or  four  time.  3.  as  sk,  line  of 
rails  on  a  railway,  Le.  a  single  track ; 
Al  Moncenisio  ci  son  due  binari,  on  the 
M.  Cenis  railway  the  line  is  double. 

Binascenza  /;  twin-birth. 

Binat-o;  i.  (arch.)  coupled  (columns);  Finestra 
-a,  window  divided  into  two  by  a  column  in  the 
middle.  2.  adj.  or  s/>. ,  twin. 

Binda  /  (A)  (Germ.  Winde) ;  any 
kind  of  jack  for  lifting  a  great  weight 
through  a  short  space.  Prov.  Gira  la  — • 
la  trave  va  su,  turn  the  jack  and  the 
beam  goes  up,  i.e.  use  the  right  means 
and  you  will  succeed.  —  a  martinicca, 
the  screw-jack  used  by  carriage  builders, 
also  termed  Cricco. 

(B) ;  (mar.)  i>.  Benda  (2). 

•Bindella/;  ribbon. 

*  Binder-o  in.,  -a/.',  vezz.  of  Bimb-o,  -a. 
Bindol-accio  pegg.,   -are  vb.t   -ata   dodge, 

-eria  dodge  or  dodginess,  -esco  (usu.  da  bindolo), 
-ino  dim.  spreg.;   v.   Bindolo  (3). 

Bindolo  HI.  (a  variant  of  Guindolo, 
q.v.) ;  i.  chain-pump,  an  apparatus 
consisting  of  wheels  and  a  drum  with 
buckets  attached  for  raising  water  for 
irrigation.  2.  apparatus  for  making 
skeins  of  silk.  3.  fig.  trickster,  person 
full  of  dodges  to  evade  his  obligations ; 
Dice  che  se  n'  e  scordato:  il  —  che  ha 
addosso,  he  says  he  forgot :  that  is  just 
his  dodge. 

Bindol6ne  m.  •  augm.  Bindolo  (3). 
t  Bindondola  f. ;=  Minchioneria. 

*  Bino  (L.  bini)\  i.  double,    ii.  twin.     iii.  asst>., 
p:iir. 

Bin6ccolo,  Bindcolo,  or  Bin6culo/«.  (L.  Hni, 
octilus) ;  opera-glass. 

Bindmio  (A)  (L.  bi,  Gr.  1-0^65,  allotment); 
(math.)  binomial. 

*(B)  (from    L.    hi  and    It.    nome);    i.    with   two 
names,      ii.    the  sum   of  two  quantities  not  com- 
mensurable with  each  other. 
t  Bibbba  / ;  =  Bobbia,  slush. 
*Biocc-ay?;  brooding  hen.     * -are,  to  cluck. 
tBidcciay;;  fine,  freezing  rain. 

Bioccol-etto  Jim.,  -ino  dim.,  smaller  than 
-etto ;  v.  -o. 

Bioccol-o  m.  (a  variant  of  Fiocco,  < 
L.  flocculus,  dim.  oifloccus,  lock  of  wool ; 
root  prob.  the  same  as  that  of  flaccus, 
flabby);  I.  lock  of  wool.  2.  lump  of 
wool  tangled  together  in  a  skein  or  in  a 
rug.  3.  candle-dripping  from  a  gutter- 
ing candle.  4.  Neve  a.-i,  in  large  flakes. 
5.  Raccattare  i  -i,  (a)  at  the  game  of 
Berlina,  pillory,  to  go  round  collecting 
the  players'  remarks,  (6)  to  be  eaves- 
dropping, t  =  Baggeo,  simpleton. 

Bioccol-ume  m. :  wool  sweepings, 
-uto ;  matted.  Lana  -uta,  in  the  wool 
trade,  pieces.  Neve  -uta,  i.q.  Neve  a 
bioccoli. 

Biodo  01  Biodolo  in.;  (hot.)  i.  flower- 
ing rush,  lintomus  umbellatus.  2.  reed- 
mace,  Typha  latifolia.  3.  bulrush,  viz. 
lake  rush,  Scirpus  lacustris,  or  chair- 
maker's  rush,  Sc.  paludosiis.  4.  =  Sala, 
bur  reed.  *as  adj.,  pale  yellow. 

Biograf-ia  f.  (Or.);  biography.  Far  la  — 
d'  u'no,  usu.  Dime  vita  morte  e  miracoli,  i.e.  to 
say  what  you  know  about  a  person,  fsp.  to  his 
discredit,  tiff,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o. 

*  Biola/  ;  (<W.)=  Betula,  birch. 
Biolog-iay:  (Gr.);  as  E.     Ajf.  -ico,  -o. 

*  Biombayl  ;=Paravento,  screen. 
*BiondayC;  i.  yellow  hair-dye,     ii.  silk  lace. 

Biondella  /. ;  (bot.)  a  variety  of  centaury, 
Erythraca  centatiruim,  with  yellow  flowers,  r. 
Erba  (54). 


BIONDACCIO— BISCAGLINA 


89 


Biond-accio  pegs-  ugly  blonde,  -eggiare, 
-<tto  rather  light,  -ezza,  -iccio  inclined  to  be 
light,  -ino  dim.  vezz.  fair-haired  child,  v.  Biondo. 

Bidndo  (cogn.  Fr.  blond.  Proven^,  blon.  Span. 
blondo,  <  late  L.  blundvs,  of  unkn.  origin)  ;  blonde, 
fair-haired ;  Jig.  young. 

Biond-dne  augtn.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.',  v.  -o. 

*  Biordare ;  =  Bagonlare,  to  revel. 

Bi6scia  A  (It.  bioscio,  &pop.  variant 
of  floscio,  y.v.);  i.  slushy  snow.  2.  fig. 
poor  soup,  weak  coffee,  etc. 

*Bioscio  m. ;  =  Bioscia.    As  adv.,  A  — ,  cross- 
wise.   As  adj. ,  —  Bieco,  skew. 

*  Biotto  (mlt.  blutart,  to  empty,  from  a  Germanic 
blutt,  bare,  cp.  Germ,  bloss,  scarcely,  Bldtwolle,  wool 
from  a  dead  sheep) ;  miserable.     A — ,  =  alia  peggio, 
anyhow. 

Bipagliettata  ;  (hot.}  (glume)  with  two  sheath- 
ing scales. 

Bipartibile;  of  certain  fruits,  bipartite. 

Bipart-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.);  to  divide  into  two. 

Bipede  (L.  tipes) ;  biped. 

Bipennata  ;  (bot.)  bipinnate  (leaf),  when  the 
primary  and  secondary  divisions  of  the  leaf  are 
both  pinnated. 

Bip^nne/,  with  *irreg.f.  pi.  bipen- 
na  (L.) ;  axe  with  two  edges,  battle-axe. 

Bipinella/;  (bal.)=  Bibinella,  salad  burnet. 

Biqquadro  or  Beqquadro  in.;  lit.  square  b, 
originally  in  the  Gregorian  notation  the  German  B 
(Italian  SO  of  modern  music  ;  it  now  means  natural, 
the  mark  u,  which  cancels  a  preceding  accidental 
sharp  or  flat. 

Biquadrato ;  (math.'}  raised  to  the  4th  power. 

Biracchio  m.  (Germ.  Brack,  refuse) ; 
rag,  tatter. 

Birba  /  (A)  (akin  to  E.  bribe, 
Span,  briba,  idleness,  Fr.  bribe,  hunch 
of  bread,  cp.  Walloon  brib,  alms,  briber, 
to  quest  for  alms,  the  sense  of  laziness 
coming  from  the  wandering  about  in 
idleness  of  the  quester) ;  i.  lazy  young 
fellow,  rascal,  or  of  an  older  person, 
lazybones  or  worse.  2.  as  a  mode 
of  repeating  without  quite  endorsing 
a  suggestion,  Le  birbe  dicono,  corre- 
sponding to  the  E.  they  do  say,  or  to 
the  more  usu.  It.  Le  male  lingue,  or 
Le  linguacce,  dicono.  Le  birbe  dicono 
che  fa  la  spia,  they  do  accuse  him  of 
being  a  spy.  3.  Far  la  — ,  =  Fare  il 
birichino,  to  live  a  thoughtless,  gay  sort 
of  life. 

*  cunning,  trickiness.    Viver  di  — ,  to  live  by  one's 
wits,  in  bad  sense. 

(B);  'four-wheeled  cart  with  two  seats. 

Birb-acchibla  or  -acchifclo  dim.,  or 
dim.  vezz.,  according  to  the  intonation 
given,  -accia  pegg.,  usu.  said  of  a  boy, 
-acciola  (i.g.  -acchiola),  -accione  ot 
-acciona  augni.,  or  if  referring  to  older 
persons,  augm.  pegg. ;  v.  Birba  (A). 

Birbant-aggine  / ;  i.q.  -eria,  but 
used  more  of  the  habit  than  the  act. 

Birbant-e  (participial  form  to  which 
there  is  no  verb) ;  rogue,  often  said 
scherz.  as  in  English.  Aff.  -ello  dim., 
-eria  act  or  habit  of  roguery,  often 
scherz.  as  in  English,  -escame'nte,  -e'sco. 

Birbantina/  ;  Batter  la  — ,  to  slap 
the  arms  across  one's  chest  for  warming 
oneself. 

Birb-arella  or  -erella/;  dim.  Birba. 

Birbata  /. ;  roguish  trick. 

Birberella;  v.  Birbarella. 

Birberia/;  rascality,  either  act  or  habit. 

Birbesco;  roguish. 

Birbett-61a  -u61a,  -61o  or  udlo ;  dims. 
of  Birba. 

H. 


Birbig6ni  in. ;  a  variety  of  white  grape. 

Birbo  m. ;  a  strengthened  form  of 
Birba,  cunning  scoundrel. 

Birb6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  augm.  of  Birbo, 
rogue. 

Aff.  -aggine  roguery,  -aia  collection 
of  scoundrels,  -aio  meeting-place  of 
scoundrels  or  disorderly  noise,  -ata 
scoundrelly  action,  -cello  or  -cella  dim. 
spreg.  often  scherz.,  -done  or  -ci6na 
augm.,  usu.  vezz.  or  scherz.,  -eggiare, 
-eria  (i.q.  -ata),  -escame'nte,  -e'sco. 

tBirchio  m.;  bastard. 

Bircio  (etym.  unkn.}  ;  \.  short- 
sighted, or  with  any  ocular  defect,  in- 
ducing a  habit  of  screwing  up  the  eyes. 
2.  one  who  casts  sidelong  glances  with 
the  object  of  not  being  observed. 

*  Biribara  HI.  ;  Giuoco  del  — ,  game  of  confusion, 
cp.  Germ.  Wirrwarr,  confusion. 

tBiribiri;  v.  Bille  bille. 

Biribissaia  /  ;  black  counter  at  the 
game  of  Biribissi  which  gives  all  the 
players'  stakes  to  the  Biribissaio. 

Biribissaio  m. ;  i.  at  Biribissi,  the 
player  who  holds  the  bank.  2.  uproar. 

Biribissi  m.  (Germ,  vier-fiissig,  four- 
footed,  from  the  animals  painted  on  the 
Biribissi  board);  a  game  where  the 
players  stake  upon  any  of  the  36  num- 
bered squares  and  the  banker  draws 
out  of  a  bag  one  of  similarly  numbered 
counters  (or  with  an  extra  black  counter, 
v.  Biribissaia),  taking  the  stakes  of 
those  who  are  wrong  and  paying  pro- 
portionately highly  those  who  are  right, 
•teetotum. 

tBirichicci;  A  — ,  =A  cavalcioni,  astride, 
t  Birichiccolo  HI.  ;  anything  chewed  by  women 
when  spinning  to  promote  the  flow  of  saliva. 

Birichin-o  m.,  -a/  (for  **bricchino, 
dim.  of  *bricco,  v.  Briccone) ;  impudent 
boy  or  girl,  street  Arab.  As  adj.,  Occhi 
-i,  knowing  eyes.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.  or 
pegg.  scherz.,  -ata  boyish  trick. 

*  Biri-coccola,  -coccolaio  ;  v.  Beri-. 
tBirigini;  A — ,  astride. 

t  Birigiotto  ;  Portare  a  — ,  to  carry  a  person  on 
one's  back. 

Birigndccolo  m.;  pop.  for  Bernoccolo,  bump. 

Birill-o  (A)  m.  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps 
a  var.  of  Pirolo,  peg) ;  one  of  five  pegs, 
like  small  ninepins,  placed  in  the  middle 
of  a  billiard  table  in  the  form  of  a  cross, 
which  the  player  may  knock  down  with 
his  adversary's  ball.  The  tallest  one  is 
called  Priore  and  stands  in  the  middle. 
Fare  i  -i,  to  knock  down  the  pins. 

(B);  =  Brillo,  half  drunk. 

*  Birfncello  w.;=Brincello,  scrap. 
tBirindello  m. :  —  Brindello,  rag. 

Biroccino  m. ;  =  Barroccino,  gig  for  trotting 
races. 

Bir6ccio  m. ;  =  Barroccio,  cart. 
t  Biroldo  m. ;  i.  =  Sanguinaccio,  black  pudding, 
ii-  fig.  =  Balordo,  blockhead. 

Birra/  (Germ.  Bier,  origin  unkn.); 
beer. 

Birracchio  m.  (bit.  ** burraculust ,  dim.  of  L. 
hurra,  shaggy  coat,  v.  Borra) ;  yearling  bull. 

Birracchiblo  m. ;  dim.  Birro. 
Birraccio  m. ;  pegg.  Birro. 

Birraglia  f. ;  —  Sbirraglia,  lot  of 
police. 


Birrai-o  m.,  -a  f. ;  brewer  or  seller 
of  beer. 

Birr-O  m.  (for  Birroviere,  wearer  of 
a  birro,  mlt.  birrus,  <  L.  burrus,  red, 
cp.  Gr.  nvppos:  the  birrus  was  a  red- 
dish collar  or  cape  with  a  hood  worn 
by  inferior  police  agents);  i.  police 
agent,  spy,  or  quasi-fig.  any  persecuting 
or  obnoxious  official  or  person ;  Dire  le 
sue  ragione  ai  -i,  to  speak  to  those  who 
will  not  listen ;  Fa  adagio,  non  c'  e  i  -i, 
don't  walk  so  fast,  there  are  no  police 
after  you.  Prov.  —  potesta  e  messo, 
tre  persone  e  un  —  stesso,  constable, 
mayor,  and  legate,  three  personages  but 
all  one  and  the  same  bully.  2.  (mar.) 
selvagee,  an  untwisted  skein  of  rope- 
yarn  matted  together. 

*  =  Mozzetta,  priest's  collar  or  flap.   As  adj.,  grey. 

Birrone  m. ;  augm.  Birra,  strong 
beer. 

*  Birroviere;     i.     police    agent.      ii.     soldier. 
Probably  this  word  and  Berroviere  are,  in  the  sense 
of  soldier,  connected  with  the   Provenc.   and  Old 
French   terms,  i>.   Berroviere ;    but   in  the  sense  of 
police  agent  originate  from  mlt.  birrus,  v.   Birro. 

Bis- ;  a  prefix  which,  together  with  the  forms 
her-,  bre-,  bar-,  occurs  in  the  Romance  languages 
with  a  sense  of  twisting,  deforming;,  perverting,  7'. 
supra,  Bar-,  Bis-  is  a  variant  of  Duis-  (cp.  L.  bellum 
as  a  variant  of  dueUuni),  v.  infra,  Dis-,  and  must 
have  persisted  in  the  spoken  dialects  from  which 
the  Romance  languages  were  developed  in  its 
pejorative  sense,  though  it  only  occurs  in  Latin  in 
the  sense  of  twice.  Amongst  Italian  examples  are 
Bislungo  elongated,  Bistondo  oval,  Berleffe  grimace, 
Barlume  glimmer.  Bis-  has,  of  course,  also  the  force 
of  twice,  e.g.  in  Biscotto. 

Bis ;  in  provincial  theatres,  a  call  for  the  repe- 
tition of  the  piece  on  the  following  night. 

Bisaccia  (Bisacca)  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  be- 
sace,  Proveng.  bissacs,  Span,  bezaza  < 
bit.  bisaccia  <  L.  bis,  twice,  saccus,  bag, 
v.  Sacco);  wallet,  saddlebag. 

*  Bisante  m. ;   i.   byzant,  a  gold  coin  of  about 
fifteen  shillings  minted  at  Byzantium,     ii.  little  gold 
or  tinsel  imitation  coin  as  ornament  on  a  dress ;  Non 
valere  un  — ,  to  be  worthless. 

Bisarcavoli  m.  pi. ;  remote  ancestors,  v.  Ar- 
cavolo. 

t  Bisatto  ;«.  ;  =  Anguilla,  eel. 

Bisav-o  or  -avol-o  m.,  -a/;  great 
grandfather  or  mother. 

Bisbfetico  (Gr.  a/*</>io-/3j/r<K°f>  dis- 
putations, <dfi(t>ia-^rjTfia,  to  go  asunder) ; 
queer,  capricious,  difficult  to  please. 
Anno  — ,  year  of  capricious  weather. 

Bisbigli-are  (imit.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Whisper);  to  whisper.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Bisbiglio  m. ;  whisper.  Bisbiglfo 
m. ;  continued  whispering. 

Bisbigli6n-e  /«.,  -a  / ;  constant 
whisperer. 

Bisb&ccia  f.  (formed,  with  assimila- 
tion, <  Fr.  dttauche,  v.  Skeat,  sub  De- 
bauch) ;  =  Ribotta,  riotous  revel. 

Bisbocci-are ;  to  be  debauched.  Aff. 
-6ne,  debauchee. 

Bisc-a  /.  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps  < 
O.H.G.  disch,  table,  >  Germ.  Tisch,  v. 
Bischetto);  gambling-hell.  Giuocar  a 
—  aperta,  to  be  an  open  gambler.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg, 

Biscaglia  /. ;  the  province  of  Biscay 
in  Spain. 

*  Biscaglina  /. ;  i.  old  large  bore  musket,  or  ball 
fired  by  it,  made  in  Biscaglia.     ii.  Alia  — ,  (ship) 

12 


90 

owned  by  a  group  of  subscribers,    iii.  =  Buscalina, 
rope-ladder. 

*  Biscaino  m. ;  canister  shot. 

Biscaiblo  m. ;  frequenter  of  gam- 
bling hells. 

'Biscalino  m.;  =  Buscalina,  rope-ladder. 
*Biscante  m. ;  snatch  of  a  song. 

Biscantiere  m.  pi. ;  rafters  in  a 
roof,  v.  Bracciolo  (4). 

Biscanto  m.  (It.  canto,  with  prefix, 
v.  Bis-);  i.  double  corner,  corner  with 
the  point  cut  off.  2.  break  in  a  straight 
line.  3.  fig.  hiding-place. 

*  BiscappayC;  short  cloak. 
Biscaro  j«.;  =  Bischero  (i). 

Biscazzare;  to  frequent  gambling 
dens,  v.  Bisca. 

BiscazziSre  m. ;  billiard  marker. 
*  keeper  of  a  Bisca. 

Biscazzo  m. ;  =  Bischenco,  practical 
joke. 

Bisce  /  pi. ;  (mar.}  limber-holes, 
holes  bored  horizontally  through  the 
lowest  points  of  the  timbers  which 
strengthen  the  hull,  so  as  to  allow  all 
the  bilge  water  to  reach  the  well. 

•Bisce  f.;=  Biscia. 

Biscb.e"nc-o  m.,  -a/  (O.H.G.  slinc, 
left,  cp.  Germ,  link,  with  prefix,  v.  Bis- ; 
this  gave  bislinco,  which  was  altered 
into  bischenco  ;  for  the  alteration  of  sgh 
into  si,  cp.  Sghengo  from  slinc,  and 
Sghembo  from  slimb) ;  joke,  or  practical 
joke  of  an  unpleasant  kind. 

Bischere"tto  m. ;  plug  for  closing  a 
wine-skin. 

Bischeri^ra/  ;  the  place  on  a  violin 
where  the  Bischeri  are  placed. 

Biscb.er-o  m.  (bit.  pesctilum,  peg,  < 
L.  pessulus,  =  Gr.  TrdoxraXos  for  **wa- 
iciaXof,  akin  to  nriyvvfu,  to  fix,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Pact) ;  i.  peg  on  a  violin  for  screwing 
up  the  strings.  2.  Denti  a  -i,  teeth 
long  and  isolated.  3.  =  Minchione,  silly 
dolt  without  sense  enough  to  mind  being 
taken  in.  4.  nursery  term  for  membrum 
puerile.  5.  (mar.)  belaying  pin. 

•  Bischette /.  fl.;  =  Bruschette. 
Bische'tto    m.    (dim.    Bisca) ;    low 

table  at  which  cobblers  work. 

*  Bischizzare  ;   i.    to  indulge  in  fancies,  build 
castles  in  the  air.    ii.  to  make  puns. 

Biscia  f.  (etym.  dub. ;  among  the 
suggestions  are  L.  bestia,  beast,  and 
O.H.G.  biz,  bite,  cp.  Lombard  bisiare  = 
Pungere,  to  sting);  i.  snake;  A  — , 
zigzag ;  Andarvi  come  la  —  all'  in- 
canto,  to  go  there  like  a  snake  to  its 
charm,  i.e.  unwillingly.  2.  A  — ,  in 
abundance.  3.  (mar.)  —  bruma,  boring- 
worm  or  groove  made  by  it.  4.  rope 
coiled  on  the  flat.  5.  in  pi.,  v.  supra, 
Bisce. 

tmatch  for  firing  a  mine. 

*  Bisciabova  f. ;  whirlwind,  hurricane. 

tBisciaccola  /;=Biciancola,  swing-board. 

Biscio  tn.  (var.  of  Biscia) ;  subcutaneous  para- 
sitic worm. 

Bfsciola  f.;  i.  a.  kind  of  cherry,  v. 
Bisciolo.  2.  liver  fluke  in  sheep,  Dis- 
tomum  hepaticum,  v.  Cercaria.  3.  a 
dark  colour  in  dyeing. 


BISCAINO— BISTICCIARE 

Bisciolfno  m. ;  dim.  Bisciolo  (2). 

Bisciolo  m. ;  I.  (hot.)  bird-cherry 
tree,  Prunus  avium,  also  termed  Vi- 
sciolo.  2.  one  who  lisps,  or  as  adj., 
lisping.  *=Fignolo,  pimple. 

Etym.  In  sense  (i)  a  variant  of  Visciolo,  in 
sense  (2)  prob.  akin  to  It.  biscia,  snake,  as  hissing 
animal. 


Bisciol6n-e 

sciolo  (2). 


-a  f. ;    augm.    Bi- 


Bisci6ne  ///.;  I.  augm.  Biscia,  snake. 
2.  at  Venice,  eight-oared  racing  boat. 

Bisciu61a/;=Bfsciola  (2). 

+  Bisc6cca  /;— Sghimbescio,  crooked  line. 
*  Biscondola  / ;  spol  sheltered  from  the  wind. 

Biscott-are ;  to  bake  like  a  biscuit. 

*-atoi.  expert,     ii.   well  trained  (horse). 

Biscotteria  / ;  biscuit-shop. 

Biscottf.no  ;«.  ;  i .  sugar-biscuit. 
2.  flip  with  the  finger. 

Biscbtto  m.  (L.  bis,  cactus];  biscuit. 
Imbarcarsi  senza  — ,  i.e.  to  set  about  a 
job  with  insufficient  preparation. 

Biscottiia/ ;  the  smaller  vessel  in  a  salt  works. 

Biscott6ne  m.;  augm.  Biscotto. 

Biscr6ma  f.\  (inns.)  demi-semi-quaver. 

Biscugfn-o  m.,  -a/;  second  cousin. 

*  Biscurare  (It.  curare  with  prefix,  v.  Bis-);  to 
neglect. 

Biscutella/ ;(&><.)  — beccuta,  buckler  mustard, 
Biscvtella  auriculata. 

•Bisdomino  m.  ;  =  Vicedomino,  vice-governor. 

Bisddsso  (It.  dosso  with  prefix,  v. 
Bis);  i.  A  — ,  (to  ride)  bareback. 
2.  (mar.}  A  — ,  with  the  yard  of  a 
lateen  sail  to  windward  of  the  mast, 
consequently  with  the  sail  bellied  in 
two  hollows  fore  and  aft  of  the  mast. 
Andare  a  — ,  to  tack  with  things  in 
this  position,  a  manoeuvre  only  for 
calm  weather. 

^B 

Bisdnicciolo;  accented  on  the  fourth 
last  syllable,  e.g.  E.  legionary,  It.  an- 
dandosene. 

tBisegolo  or  Bisevolo  m.  ;  (storm.)  a  tool 
made  of  two  truncated  square  pyramids  united  by 
their  tops,  with  steps  at  the  bases,  serving  to  polish 
the  edges  of  the  soles  and  heels. 

Bisellio  tit. ;  seat  of  honour  for  two  persons  at 
ancient  Roman  spectacles. 

Bisessuale ;  (bot.)  bisexual,  with  stamens  and 
pistils  within  the  same  envelope. 

BiSestare ;  to  be  leap  year. 

*  =  Dtssestare,  to  get  out  of  order. 

Bisestile  (In  ancient  Rome  the  24th 
of  February  was  termed  sextus  kalendas 
Martias,  the  sixth  day  counting  back- 
wards from  the  Kalends,  thus:  March 
ist,  Feb.  28th,  27th,  26th,  25th,  24th. 
By  the  Julian  calendar  a  day  was  inter- 
calated every  fourth  year  between  Feb. 
24th  and  2jth  and  termed  bis-sextus 
kalendas  Martias,  so  that  the  bissextile 
year  gave  29  days  to  February) ;  Anno 
— ,  leap  year. 

Bisestp  m. ;  space  of  four  years.  As 
adj.,  i.q.  bisestile. 

Bisezi6ne/;  bisection. 

Bisfusa  / ;  (mus.)  half  of  a  semifusa. 

*  Bisgenero  ?«. ;  niece's  husband. 

*  Bisgio  ;  =  Bigio,  grey. 
Bislllabo  m. ;  dissyllable. 

Bislaccherfa/;  clownishness. 


Bislacco  (etym.  dub.  ;  the  first 
syllable  is  a  pegg.  prefix,  v.  Bis-  ;  the 
second  part  of  the  word  may  be  either 
from  (i)  It.  lacca,  ham,  so  that  the 
meaning  would  be  lame,  halt,  (2)  L. 
laxus,  >  It.  lasco,  >  bi-lasco,  bis-lacco, 
or  (3)  O.H.G.  slak,  slack);  clownish, 
queer  (person),  clumsy  (composition). 

Bislacc6ne  ;  augm.  Bislacco. 

Bisleale;  =  Sleale,  disloyal,  double- 
faced. 

*  Bislec  in.  ;  =  Bischenco,  practical  joke. 

Bislessare  ;  to  parboil. 

Bislingua  /.;  (bat.)  leaf-under-leaf,  Ruscus 
nyfioglossum  ;  a  south  European  plant  bearing  its 
flowers  on  the  upper  side  of  the  flattened  branches 
under  a  bract-like  branchlet  ;  it  is  also  termed  Lingua 
pagana,  Lingua  di  cavallo,  Linguella. 

Bislungo  (It.  lungo  with  prefix,  v. 
Bis-);  oblong. 

Bismalva  f.  (It.  malva  with  prefix,  v.  Bis-)  ; 
(bot.)  marsh-mallow,  Altltaea  officinalis. 

Bismuto««.(Germ.  Wismuth,  through  English, 
further  etytn.  nnkn.)\  bismuth. 

Bisnaga  or  Bisnagria  /.  ;  (hot.)  toothpick, 
Ammi  visnaga,  also  termed  Capo  bianco,  Pastric- 
ciano,  a  species  of  the  bishop-weed  genus. 

Bisnip6te  m.  or  /.  ;  great-grand- 
child. 

Bisn6nn-0  m.,  -a  f.;  great-grand- 
parent. 

t  Bisddio  ;  A  —  ,  =  A  bizzeffe,  in  abundance. 

Bis6gna  /  ;  business,  orig.  the  same 
word  as  Bisogno  but  distinct  from  it, 
like  the  Fr.  besogne  from  besoin. 

Bisogn-are  ind.  bisogno  ;  i.  to  need. 
2.  to  be  needed.  3.  to  be  obliged  ;  -a, 
we  must. 

Bisogn-eyole,  needful,  -ino  m.  ;  dim.  vet*. 
iron.,  modest  little  requirement  (meaning  something 
indispensable). 

+  Bisognini  m.  fl.  ;  (mar.)  i.  cords  twisted  up 
with  the  fingers,  knittles.  ii.  awning-stops. 

Bis6gno  ;«.  ;  need. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  besoin,  Provenc.  besonk,  be- 
zotlh,  old  Catalan  oessorth,  bit.  titanium;  these 
represent  a  word  corresp.  to  Fr.  sain,  care,  with  a 
prefix  be  of  determinative  character  as  in  E.  be-set, 
•v.  Skeat,  sub  Be-.  The  other  part  of  the  word, 
-sogno,  is  cognate  with  bit.  soniare,  to  care  for,  of 
Germanic  origin,  cp.  Gothic  sunja,  truth,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bezonian,  Essoin. 


Bisogn-6so,  needy,  -uccio  »i.  ;  dim. 
Bisogno. 

Bisdnte  m.  (O.H.G.  wisand,  through  L.  bisoti 
or  Gr.  |3t(rtt>i');  i.  the  European  wild  ox,  aurochs, 
Bos  bison.  2.  the  American  bison,  Bos  Americanus. 

*  Bisquadro   (It.  quadro   with   prefix,  v.   Bis-); 
i.    nearly  square,     ii.   (mas.)  v.  Biqquadro. 

Bissa  f.  (native  word);  (bot.)  an  American 
genus  of  Tiliaceae,  v.  Orellana. 

t  Bissa  de  maryl;  sea-sna_ke,  v.  Ofisuro. 

t  Bissarizzo  w.;  =  Misirizzi,  toy  tumbler  made  of 
a  weighted  cork. 

Bisso  m.  (L.  from  Egyptian  sources  through 
Gr.);  i.  fine  linen  used  by  the  ancients.  2.  byssus, 
a  tuft  of  filaments  in  certain  molluscs.  3.  (tot.)  a 
term  formerly  used  to  describe  an  early  stage  of 
fungoid  growths  of  various  kinds  in  cellars,  etc. 

tBissona/;  i:  Biscione  (2). 

t  Bistagliato  ;  =  Frastagliato,  cut  in  pieces. 

*Bistant-e  m.  ;  i.  In  questo  —  ,  during  this 
period,  ii.  in  -i,  standing  upright. 

*  Bistarda  f.  ;  some  kind  of  vulture. 

Bist^cca  /  ;  the  E.  beef-steak 
Italianised. 

*Bistentare;  to  linger. 

*Bist£nto  m  (it.  stento  with  prefix,  v.  Bis-); 
enforced  idleness  and  discomfort. 

Bisticciare  (A)  (for  **bistenciare< 
**  bis-tentiare,  formed  analogously  to  L. 
contentio,  v.  Contendere,  but  with  a 


BISTICCICARE— BOCCA 


different    prefix,    for    which    v.   supra 
Bis-) ;   to  wrangle. 

*(B)(It.  bisticcio);  to  play  with  word  jingles. 

*  Bisticcicare ;  =  Bisticciare. 

Bisticcfo  in. ;  wrangling. 

Bistfccio(Bisticcico);«. ;  word  jingle 
of  similar  sounds,  e.g.  Sono  sano  sino  a 
segno  che...,  I  am  so  sanely  sound  that 

Etyttt.  Not  a  vbsb.  of  Bisticciare  but  formed 
independently  either  <  L.  bist  twice,  +  dictum,  or 
<  L.  disticum,  v.  Distico.  In  either  case  an  inter- 
mediate **  disticium  may  be  presumed. 

Bistdndo  (It.  tondo,  round,  with 
prefix,  -v.  Bis-) ;  oval. 

*  Bis tornare  ;  =  Distornare,  to  pervert. 
Bistorta/; ;  (bat.)  great  snake-weed,  Polygonum 

bistorta. 

*  i.  tortuous  path.     ii.  personal  deformity. 

Bistdrto;  much  twisted,  v.  Bis-. 

Bistraccola./;  in  dyeing,  a  sort  of  horizontal 
ladder  on  which  to  lay  the  things  to  dry. 

Bistrattare  (v.  Bis-) ;  to  treat  badly. 

Bistro  m.  (low  Germ,  biester,  dark, 
frowning) ;  bistre,  a  dark  brown  pig- 
ment extracted  from  the  soot  of  wood. 
A  — ,  upon  a  black  ground,  with  deep 
black  shadows. 

Bisturi  (Bistori,  Bistorino)  m. ; 
(surf.}  bistoury,  knife  for  making  an 
incision. 

Etym.  mlt.  Pistoriensis,  i.e.  of  Pistoia,  near 
Florence,  instruments  made  at  that  city  having 
formerly  had  a  great  reputation. 

*  Bisulcare  ;  =  Solcare,  to  furrow. 

Bisulco;  cloven-hoofed. 
Bisunto  (v.  Bis-) ;  very  greasy. 

Biternato;  (bat.)  divided  into  three  stalks  each 
with  three  leaves. 

Bitontana;  a  variety  of  pear. 
Bitontbne  ;  a  variety  of  fig. 

Bitorzol-o  (Bitorzo)  m.  (bit.  **6is- 
tortiare  <  L.  (or/us,  with  pegg.  prefix, 
•v.  Bis-) ;  wart.  Aff.  -dtto  dim. ;  -uto, 
warty. 

*  Bittald    m. ;    (mar.)    i.     running    bowsprit. 
i.  =  Batolo  (6). 

Bittare ;  to  bitt  (a  cable). 

Bittaturay^;  turn  of  a  cable  round  the  bitts. 

Bitte  (Bette)  /  pi.  (prob.  <  E.  bitts, 
of  Scandinavian  origin,  root  bat,  to  bite, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Bitts) ;  bitts.  -  del 
morinella,  carrick  bitts.  —  di  pazienza, 
bitts  round  masts.  -  da  rimurchio, 
towing  bollards. 

Bitterna ;  {saltni.)  the  mother-water  after  the 
salt  has  crystallised  out. 

Bitt6ne  m.  ;  (war.)  —  d'  ormeggio,  mooring 
bitt 

Bittonetto  >«,;  bollard,  boliard-head. 

Bitumare  or  Bituminare ;  to  plaster  with 
bitumen. 

Bitume  m.  (L.  bitumen,  origin  unkn.);  bitu- 
men, mineral  pitch,  petroleum.  —  Greco,  colophony, 
dark  resin. 

*i.  cement,     ii.  clay. 

Bitumin6so  ;  v.  Bitume. 
*Biturro  m.\—  Burro,  butter. 

Biucco  m. ;  a  poisonous  snake,  Coluber  cenchris, 
*Biuta_/;;  i.  a  greasy  mixture  used  for  polishing 
a  threshing-floor,    ii.  =  Belletta.    tiii.  —  Bovina,  cow- 
dung. 

Bivaccare  (Fr.  bivac,v\&  Fr. bivouac^ 
from  O.H.G.  btwachty  Germ.  Beiwacht, 
extra  sentinel);  to  bivouac. 

Bivacco  m.\  v.  Bivaccare. 

Bivalvow. ;  bivalve.     Also  as  adj. 
Bivalvolata;   (hot.)  (anther)  with  two  pores 
closed  by  valves. 

*Bivaro  »/.;=Bevero,  beaver. 


Bfvio  m.  (L.  bimum) ;  parting  of  the 
ways. 

*Bivolco  ;//.;=  Bifolco,  ploughman. 

Bizza  /  (O.H.G.  biszan,  to  bite); 

1.  momentary  ill-temper.     2.    whim. 

Bizzar-am6nte,  -ia;  v.  -o. 

Bizzarr-o  (Fr.  bizarre  from  Spanish;  it  cannot 
be  from  It.  bizza,  since  -arro  is  not  an  Italian  termi- 
nation; the  Spanish  word,  viz.  bizarro,  means  high- 
minded  and  is  either  Basque  or  Arabic) ;  queer, 
eccentric,  bizarre. 

*i.  angry,  ii.  courageous,  iii.  of  soil,  apt  to 
crack,  iv.  of  grain,  with  much  husk.  Ajj.  -uccio 
dim. 

Bizz^ffe  (Arabic  bizzefr  plentiful)  ; 
A  — ,  in  abundance. 

Bizzina  f.,  dim,  Bizza  ;  child's  fit  of  ill-temper. 
*Bizzioso;  angry. 
*Bizzocheriay?;  bigotry. 

Bizz6cco  (Bizzocchero)  m.  (for  deriv.  v.  Pinzo- 
chero);  bigot. 

*Bizzoccone  w.;=Scioccone,  dullard. 

Bizz6s-o ;  irritable.  Aff.  -dtto,  -fno, 
dims. 

BiizucciayC;  dim.  Bizza. 

tBizzuga  f.   (It.   biscia,  snake,  with   a  suffix 
taken  perhaps  from  Tartaruga);   tortoise. 
tBladay:;  v.  Obbiada. 

Bland-amente,  -ire  ind.  -isco  to  soothe, 
-izie/I  //.  blandishments;  v.  Blando. 

Blando(L.);  bland. 

Blasmarsi  ;=  Dolersi,  to  grieve. 

Blasonat-o  ;  Gente  -a,  people  who  have  a  coat 
of  arms. 

Blasdne  m.\  i.  =  Scienza  di  — ,  art  of  heraldry. 

2.  heraldic  drawing  of  a  coat  of  arms.    3.  fig.  nobility 
of  birth. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^,  bkzo,  blizot  Fr.  blasont 
Span,  blason,  Portug.  brasdo.  "Blason  means  shield 
and  arms  painted  on  a  shield  ;  secondly,  but  not  now 
used  in  this  sense,  praise  or  blame.  According  to 
Diez,  from  A.S.  blase,  torch,  whence  splendour, 
ornamented  shield ;  others  derive  it  from  Germ. 
blasen,  to  blow  the  horn.  The  primary  meaning,  is 
ornamented  shield  "  (Littrd).  If  from  blasen  it  was 
the  blast  of  the  horn  with  which  the  herald  at  a 
tournament  proclaimed  the  validity  of  the  creden- 
tials of  a  knight  as  shown  by  his  shield,  and  so 
passed  into  meaning  the  painted  shield  itself,  but 
the  derivation  given  by  Diez  appears  much  more 
likely,  though  this  too  seems  to  need  confirmation, 
since  the  word  in  its  earliest  known  use  stands 
simply  for  shield. 

Blasdnico  adj.;  v.  Blasone. 
*Blaterare(L.);  to  chatter,  to  "blather." 

Blatta/  (L.);  i.  cockroach.  2.  a 
kind  of  shell  formerly  burnt  for  its 
perfume. 

Blattaria/;  (tot.)  moth-mullein,   Verbascum 
blattaria ;  the  names  are  from  the  dislike  of  cock- 
roaches,   moths,  etc.,   for  its   leaves.     Also   termed 
Verbasco  da  tignole,  Polline. 
fBlavie;  v.  Crenilabro. 
*  Blavo  ;  bright  blue. 

Blecno  m.  (Gr.  pAtjyiw) ;  hard  fern,  Blechnum. 

Bleddne  m.\  i.q.  Blito. 

B16nda_/;  (Germ,  btettden,  to  dazzle,  from  the 
lustre  of  the  mineral) ;  blende,  sulphide  of  zinc. 

Blennorragiay;  (Gr.  0AcVca,  mucus,  pTJywut, 
to  break) ;  as  E. 

Blennorria/I;  chronic  urethra!  irritation. 

Bleno  nt.  (Gr.  /3AeVi/a,  mucus,  from  the  slime 
with  which  the  fish  is  covered) ;  blenny,  butterfly-fish, 
v.  Bavosa. 

B16so  (L.  blaesus  =  Gr.  /3X(uo-dr)  ; 
lisping. 

Blinde  /  pi.  (Germ,  blind) ;  (mar. 
or  mil.}  blindages  or  blinds  in  tempo- 
rary defences,  consisting  of  mats,  mat- 
tresses, wooden  shelters,  etc. 

Blito  or  Bledone  in.  (Gr.  /3JuVoi<) ;  (tot.)  blite, 
ttlitum  virgatum  or  other  species  of  Blitum. 
B16ccayl;  (mar.)  iron  ring. 
Bloccare  ind.  blocco ;  to  blockade. 

B16cco  m.  (A)  (Germ.  Block) ;  block 
of  stone  from  a  quarry.  (B)  (O.H.G. 
block-Ms,  small  fort  to  cut  off  a  besieged 


place  from  its  communications) ;  block- 
ade. (0);  at  billiards,  Far  un  — ,  to 
hole  the  adversary's  ball. 

Blu  m.  (O.H.G.  blao,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Blue);  blue 
colour. 

*Bluccolo  m. ;=Baccello,  simpleton. 

Blus-ey:  (Fr.  blouse,  of  ttnkn.  origin);  as  E. 
Aff.  -etta,  -ettina,  dims. 

B6a/.  (A)  (L.);  i.  boa,  the  snake. 
2.  lady's  boa. 

(B)  (Cogn.  Fr.  boufa,  Span,  boya,  E. 
buoy  <  L.  //.  boiae,  a  collar,  v.  Boia, 
referring  to  the  fastening  of  the  buoy) ; 
(mar.}  buoy,  usu.  Gavitello. 

tBoaio  M.;  —  Bovaro,  ox-driver. 
*Boarda,  Boccarda,  or  Bocchiarday;;  =  Boin- 
barda  (i),  mortar. 

BoarinayC;=Cutrettola,  water-wagtail. 
Boario ;    Foro  — ,   the   cattle-market  near  the 
Circus  Maximus  in  ancient  Rome. 
*Boaro  w.;=  Bovaro,  ox-driver. 
Boas  m. ;  v.  Boa. 

Boclto  m.  (L.) ;  rumbling,  roar. 
*(grain.)  hiatus. 

*  Boattiere  m. ;  cattle-dealer. 

B6ba  /. ;  i.  red  gilt-head  (fish),  Box  boofs, 
locally  termed  Bobba,  Buga,  Vopa.  2.  —  salpa, 
gold-line,  Box  salpa,  locally  termed  Salpa,  Sarpa. 

B6bbia  (Bobba)  /  (A)  (prob.  by 
redupl.  <  L.  bua,  imit.  of  a  baby's  cry 
for  drink);  i.  large  quantity  of  slush, 
thick  deposit  in  ink,  or  the  like.  2.  fig. 
long  tedious  document. 

(B);  =  Bazza,  long  chin,  or  person 
with  such  chin. 

tBdbo  ;«.  ;=Babau,  bogey. 

"Bobolcay;;  i.  a  measure  of  area,  v.  Bubulca. 
ii.  at_  D.  Par.  23.  132  it  is  uncertain  whether  the 
meaning  is  "areas"  or,  as  all  the  old  commentators 
say,  "tillers  of  the  soil,"^  pi.  of  Bobolco. 

*  Bobolco  in.  (var.  of  Bubulco) ;  husbandman. 

Bocca/  (L.  bucca,  cheek,  as  thing 
puffed  out  for  producing  a  sound,  root 
buc,  to  roar,  an  extension  of  the  imit. 
root  bu,  cp.  Sanskr.  bukfidra,  to  bark, 
old  Slavonic  bitcati,  to  roar,  Gr.  /3u-f<u, 
to  hoot,  L.  bucctna,  trumpet) ;  i.  mouth ; 

—  ardente,  (horse)  with  a  fidgety  mouth, 
v.  Ardere ;  Buona  — ,  (a)  person  with  a 
hearty  appetite,  not  particular  about  his 
food ;  (b)  Lasciar  uno  con  buona  — ,  i.e. 
with  words  of  kindness  after  severity; 

—  di  dama,  a  kind  of  pastry  made  with 
eggs  and  pounded  almonds ;  —  An/uoco, 
cannon  ;    -  -   d'   inferno,   foul-mouthed 
speaker ;  —  di  lepre,  spotted  fly-catcher, 
v.  Pigliamosche1 ;   —  del  martello,  the 
flat  end  of  the  head  of  a  hammer ;  — 
mozza,  person  who  can  eat  anything; 

-  d'  oro,  conceited  person ;  — •  part, 
one  who  speaks  with  affected  precision ; 
Far  la  —  pari,  to  show  annoyance ;  — 
scelta,  fastidious.  2.  (mar.)  —  di  una 
nave,  extreme  breadth  of  a  ship ;  —  di 
lupo,  nodo  a  —  di  lupo,  parbuckle,  v. 
Boccadilupo. 

3.  Botanical  terms :  (a)  —  di  ciuco, 
field  eryngo,  a  species  of  sea-holly, 
Eryngium  campestre,  also  termed  Bot- 
tone  di  camicia,  Eringo  montana,  Eligio, 
Spini  d'  asino,  Spini  di  S.  Francesco; 
(b)  —  di  leone,  snap-dragon,  Antirrhi- 
num majus;  (c)  —  di  lupo,  bastard 
balm,  v.  Melino. 

Phrases  with  A:  4.  A  — ,  brim  full. 
5.  Rimanere  a  —  asciutta,  or  a  denti 
asciutti,  to  fail  in  one's  attempt.  6.  A  — 

12 2 


92 

di   barile,  (to  flow  or  pour)   in   great 
abundance.     7.    A   —  dolce,   (to  keep 
suitors  waiting)  by  continually  holding 
out  hopes.     8.   A  —  e  borsa,  a  dinner- 
party where  everyone  pays  his  share. 
9.   A  mezzo.  —,  by  hints;  A  —  slretta, 
(to  speak)  with  ill-repressed  impatience. 
Other   phrases:    10.    Acqua  in   — , 
hush!.     II.   Andare  per  le  bocche,  to 
be   talked   about,   usu.   in   bad   sense. 
12.     Aprir    — ,    to    begin    speaking; 
Aprir  la  — ,  of  the   Pope,  at   a   con- 
sistory, to  confer  upon  a  newly-created 
Cardinal  the  right  of  speech.     13.  Aver 
la  —  sulla  bara,  i.e.  to  have  one  foot 
in  the  grave.     14.   Battere  nella  — ,  E 
tanto  che  batte  quella  casa  nella  —  a 
questo  e  a  quello,  ma  ancora  non  ha 
trovato  uno  che  la  voglia,  that  house 
has  been  offered  to  numbers  of  people 
but    has   not  found   a   purchaser    yet. 
15.   Bocca  mia  che  vo'  tu,  to  express 
wealth  or  other  abundance ;  In  questa 
biblioteca   non   c'  e   scarsita :    -  -   mia 
che  vo'  tu,  there  is  no  lack  of  books  in 
this  library,  to  ask  is  to  have.     16.  Ca- 
varsi  dalla  — ,  v.  infra  (19).     17.  with 
Fare:   (a)  Far  —  da  ridere,  to  smile; 
A  quelle  parole  fece  —  da  ridere  e  si 
queto,  on  hearing  this  the  child's  face 
relapsed  into  a  smile  and  it  was  quiet ; 
(b)   Fare   la  — ,   (a)   to   begin   to   cry, 
(/3)   Fare  la  —   a,   to   accustom   one's 
palate  to  (some  food),  (y)  Avevo  fatto 
la  —  a   que'  pochi   franchi   ma  a   un 
tratto  andarono  in  fumo,  I   thought   I 
was  sure  of  those  few  francs  but  they 
suddenly  vanished  into  smoke,  (8)  Fare 
la  —  fin'  agli  orecchi,  to  grin  from  ear 
to  ear;  (c)  Far  tanto  di  — ,  to  be  fairly 
astonished.    18.  Lavarsi  la  —  d'  uno, 
to  speak  in  bad  terms  of  him.     19.  Le- 
varsi,  or  Cavarsi  dalla  — ,  to  save  on 
one's  food  ;  Credono  a  tanti  guadagni ; 
se  ha  messo  insieme  qualcosa  s'  e  levato 
dalla  — ,  they  imagine   he  has  made 
such  large  profits ;  if  he  has  got  any- 
thing saved  up  he  has  done  it  out  of 
his  food.     20.  Menare  per  — ,  v.  infra 
(22).     21.  Nettarsi  la  —  di,  to  give  up 
all  idea  of  something  on  finding  it  un- 
attainable.   22.  Menare,  or  Portare  per 
—  alcuno,  to  speak  slightingly  of  him. 
23.  Non  ricordarsi  dalla  —  al  naso,  i.e. 
to  have  no  memory.     24.  Rifarsi  la  — , 
to  take  away  the   taste  of  something 
nasty.     25.    Scioglier  la  —  al   sacco, 
i.e.  to  say  something  one  is  boiling  to 
say.     26.  Sferrar  la  —  a  uno,  to  knock 
his  teeth  out. 

*  i.  Coder  in  —  di  coltello,  to  be  stabbed,  ii.  —  di 
cane  di  ferro,  a  tool  for  cutting  coloured  glass  into 
squares,  iii.  Correre  in  — ,  to  be  on  the  tip  of  one's 
tongue,  iv.  A  domandarlo  a  — ,  asking  for  the 
utmost  possible,  v.  Aver  il  latte^  alia  — ,  i.e.  to  be 
still  young  and  inexperienced,  vi.  A  —  di  notte,  at 
nightfall,  vii.  —  dl  pesce  ! ,  v.  supra  (10).  viii.  La 


IllgllUall.         Vll.     Ul   fc^LC  I.    V.  VHjJrl.   \l*Jf.         « 

—  porta  le  gambe,  i.e.  food  is  necessary  to  keep  up 
the  system,  ix.  Bocche  vtiote ,  dead-heads,  spectators 
with  tickets  gratis. 


Boccaccesco  ;  in  the  style  of  Boccaccio. 
Boccaccevole ;  in  an  affected  style  with  the 
sentences  inverted  like  Latin. 

Boccaccia/ ;  pegg.  Bocca ;  fig.  foul- 
mouthed  person.  Far  la  — ,  of  a  child, 
to  begin  to  cry.  Aver  — ,  to  have  a 
nasty  taste  in  one's  mouth.  Far  — , 


BOCCACCESCO— BOCCO 

or  le  boccacce,  (a)  to  make  faces,  (b)  of 
clothes,  to  gape ;  or  of  shoes,  to  be 
split. 

*  =  Bassetta,  broken  bottle. 

*  Boccaccino  »/. ;  a  tissue  made  partly  of  Bam- 
bagia,  cotton  stuff. 

*  Boccaccio  ;//. ;   a  sort  of  blunderbuss,    tsore 
on  the  mouth. 

Boccadilupo  m. ;  (mar.)  parbuckle,  noose  made 
by  passing  the  two  ends  of  a  rope  through  a  bight  of 
the  same  rope. 

Boccadbpera  / ;  (theat.)  front  part 
of  the  stage,  proscenium. 

Boccaddrom.  ("Chrysostom"  Italian- 
ised) ;  I.  iron,  loquacious  person.  2.  one 
open  to  bribes. 

*  Boccaglia  /!;=Mattarozza. 
Boccaglio ;  v.  Bocchino. 

t  Boccagnola  /, ;  metal  or  earthenware  plate  for 
closing  an  oven. 

Boccal-e  m.  (mlt.  baucalis  <  Gr. 
fiavicaXis  or  ^av/caXiov,  imit.  from  the 
gurgling  of  water  poured  out  of  a  bottle, 
w.  Liddell  and  Scott,  jSauxaXaw);  pint 
bottle  or  jug,  or  the  contents  thereof. 
Scritto  sui  -i  di  Montelupo,  i.e.  ex- 
tremely well-known ;  known  of  old, 
from  the  old  saws  which  used  to  be 
written  on  the  terra-cotta  vases  of 
Montelupo.  AJf.  -accio  spreg. 

Boccalepre  »*.;  =  Pigliamosche,  fly- 
catcher. 

Boccalbne  m. ;  i.  person  with  a 
large  mouth.  2.  child  that  is  always 
crying.  3.  =  Nottolone,  goat-sucker. 

Boccame  m. ;  (mar.)  sheave-hole  of  a  block, 
etc. ;  top-rope  hole  in  the  heel  of  a  topmast.  —  del 
mante,  tie*hole. 

Boccapfcrt-a/;,  -o  m. ;  (mar.)  hatchway. 

Boccaportella  f.\  (mar.)  i.  scuttle.  2.  —  di 
visita,  manhole.  , 

Boccaportello  m  ;  (mar.) scuttle-hatch,  cover, 
cap. 

Boccaporto  m.  •  (mar.)  hatchway.  Guardia 
di  — ,  or  d'  ostellaggio,  searcher,  custom-house  in- 
spector of  cargo  shipped  for  exportation. 

*  Boccarda  ;  v.  Boarda. 
Boccare ;  ~  Abboccare. 

Boccata/;  mouthful. 

*  i.  =  Labbrata,  slap.     ii.   Non  ne  saper  —  d'  una 
cosa,   to  know  nothing  of  it.     in.    mistake ;    Fare 
una  — ,  to  do  a  piece  of  bad  business. 

*  Boccatica  ;  A  — ,  to  satiety. 
Boccatina  f. ;  dint.  Boccata. 

Boccatura/;  width  of  an  opening. 

•Boccellato;  v  Buccellato. 

Boccerie  /  pi. ;  (mar.)  fore  and  aft  cartings, 
timbers  of  a  ship. 

Bocc&tta  /.  (dim.  Boccia);  i.  medi- 
cine bottle.  2.  =  Bazzina,  double  chin. 

Boccett-ina  dim. ;  -f  no  dim.,  smaller 
than  -ina,  scent-bottle,  v.  Boccetta. 

*  Boccetto  ;«. ;  i.  blow  on  the  mouth,     ii.  =  Boc- 
chino. 

Boccettuccia./;  dim.  spreg.  Boccetta. 

Boccheggi-are  ind.  bocche'ggio;  to 
gasp,  -ante  ;  (herald?)  (fish)  with  its 
mouth  open. 

*i.  to  eat  secretly,  ii.  to  be  always  eating 
something,  tiii.  =  Portar  per  bocca,  to  speak 
slightingly  of. 

*Bocchello  in. ;  small  spout. 

Bocch&tta  f. ;  i.  small  orifice,  peep- 
hole. 2.  narrow  mountain  pass.  3.  lock- 
plate.  4.  tongue  of  a  boot.  5.  (mus.) 
mouthpiece  of  an  oboe,  clarionet,  etc. 
6.  (mar.)  square  washer.  7.  deck-plate 
for  stanchions. 

•Bocchetto  m. ;  =  Mazzetto. 


*  Bocchi ;  Far  —  a  uno,  to  make  faces  at  him. 

*  Bocchiarda ;  v.  Boarda. 
'Bocchiduro;  hard-mouthed. 

Bocchina/I;  dim.  vezz.  Bocca. 
Bocchin-accio   m.  \  pegg.   of  -o.     -aio  m. ', 
mouthpiece  maker. 

Bocchino    m.   (dim.  vezz.   Bocca); 

1.  small  mouth;  Far  il  — ,  to  try  to 
look  pretty.    2.  cigar-holder,  or  mouth- 
piece of  a  pipe.  3.  gentle  slap.  4.  mouth- 
piece of  a  musical  instrument.    5.  nose- 
cap  of  a  rifle.    6.  mouthpiece  of  a  hose, 
filling   hole  of  a  shell,  fuse-hole  of  a 
rocket,  etc. 

t  =  Luminello,  socket  of  a  candlestick. 
Bocchinuccio  m. ;  dim.  sprtg.  Bocchino. 

B6cc-ia/  (M.H.G.  butze,  an  obtuse 
crushed  thing,  bump,<&fe^»,  to  knock, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Butt);  i.  glass  decanter. 

2.  flower-bud.     3.  soap-bubble;  Far  le 
-e,  to  bubble  up  like  soda-water  when 
the    bottle    is   opened,   or   milk   when 
beginning   to   boil.     4.    in  pi.,  bowls ; 
Partita  alle  -e,  game  at  bowls.     5.  fig. 
scherz.  head  or  big  nose.     6.  bowl  (in 
those  tobacco-pipes  which  have  a  drain 
for  the  oil).     7.  =  Fandonia,  lie.     8.  — 
di  Leida,  Leyden  jar. 

*i.  (chem.)  alembic,  still,  ii.  of  grain,  Venire 
in  — ,  to  form  the  ear.  iii.  stem  of  a  candlestick, 
such  as  used  to  be  made  in  the  shape  of  a  rosebud, 
iv.  blister  on  the  skin.  v.  —  delta  rosa,  hip  of  a 
rose,  after  flowering. 

Bocciare;  (pop.)  i.  to  be  plucked  at  an  exami- 
nation. 2.  at  bowls,  to  strike  away  the  adversary's 
bowl. 

Bocciaro  in.:  maker  of  bowls. 

Bocciato  ;  (candle)  placed  in  a  candlestick. 

*  Boccicata  ;  v.  Bucctcata. 

*  Boccilano  m. ;  rose-hip. 

Bocclno  m. ;  i.  at  bowls,  the  jack. 
2.  Jig.  head.  3.  small  flower-bud. 

*  i.  calf.     ii.  as  adj.  bovine. 

Bbccio  m. ;  a  variant  of  Boccia, 
flower-bud. 

*i.  =  Boccino.  ii.  in  — ,  fig.  green,  young, 
tiii.  =  Bozzolo. 

Bocciolato;  (herald.)  provided  with  Bocci  as 
the  lily  of  the  arms  of  Florence. 

Boccidli  m.  pl.\  (not.)  an  edible  fungus,  Cla- 
varia. 

*Bocciolinay. ;  i.  small  bud.     ii.  pimple. 
Boccidlo ;  -'.  Bocciuolo. 

*  Bocciolone  m.',  a  variety  of  large  chestnut. 
•Boccioloso;  full  of  rosebuds. 

Bocci6na  / ;  large  decanter. 

Boccidne  ;;/. ;  i.  large  vessel  made 
of  dark  glass ;  Vin  del  — ,  ordinary 
wine.  2.  great  liar. 

Bocciu61a  / ;  small  rosebud. 

Bocciu61o  (Bocciolo)  m.  (It.  boccio); 
i.  internode  on  a  cane.  2.  spout  of  a 
fountain.  3.  top  part  of  the  shaft  of  a 
needle-case,  upon  which  the  cap  fits. 

4,  socket    for    a    candle,    pen,     etc. 

5.  measure  of  the  charge   of  powder 
for  a  muzzle-loading  rifle.     6.   ring  or 
tube  of  bark  for  a  certain  method  of 
grafting,  also  termed  Innesto  a  cannello, 
ad  anelletto,  or  a  bucinello.    7.  stopper 
of  a  wine-bottle  to  prevent  rats  from 
getting  at  the  oil  by  which  the  air  is 
kept    from    the   wine.      8.    flower-bud. 
9.  vase.    10.  (/«<zr.)  =  Castagnola,  cleat. 
1 1.    in   machinery,   cam,   slope,    arm ; 

—  di  espansione,  tappet. 

B6cco  m. ;  i.  walnut  or  fruit-stone 
used  as  a  missile  by  boys  playing  at 
Cappe ;  —  impiombato,  walnut  weighted 
with  lead.  2.  good-for-nothing  boy. 


BOCCOLA— BOLLENTINO 


93 


B6ccola  /  (L.  buccula,  v.  Buccola) ; 

1.  nave-ring,   ring   placed    round    the 
axle-tree  inside  the  nave  of  a  wheel  to 
assist  the  smooth  running  of  the  wheel. 

2.  socket,    box,    metal    lining    to    the 
mortise    in    a   door-post,   etc. ;    -  -   di 
poppa,     propeller-shaft     stuffing     box. 

3.  boss  or  buckle   placed  on  harness 
or  on  a  shield  for  ornament.     4.  =  Buc- 
cola,   ear-ring.     5.    (mar.)    deck-plate. 
6.    lock-plate. 

Boccolare  m. ;  blast-pipe,  aperture 
in  a  furnace  for  the  pipe  of  the  bellows. 

Bocc6n-a  /.,  -e  m. ;  I .  augm.  Bocca, 
mouth.  2.  wad  for  a  cannon. 

Bocconcello  m.,  dim.  Boccone ; 
I.  scrap.  2.  in  pi.,  bits  of  stone  or 
brick  used  for  rilling  in  spaces  in 
building. 

Bocconcin-o    m.,    dim.     Boccone ; 

1.  scrap ;  —  di  tempo,  a  spare  moment ; 
—  del  complimento,  scrap  left  in  the 

dish  for   manners ;    Fo   questo   lavoro 
a  -i,  I  do  this  work  bit  by  bit.     2.  pill. 

Bocconcione  m. ;  augm.  Boccone. 

Bocc6n-e  m.  (It.  bocca);  i.  mouth- 
ful; Aver  il  —  alia  gola,  (a)  to  have 
just  finished  eating,  (6}  to  have  a  swollen 
uvula  or  tonsils ;  Dare,  Avere  il  — ,  to 
bribe  or  be  bribed;  Lavorar  a  -i,  or 
a  pezzi  e  -i,  to  work  with  interruptions ; 
Mangiare  un  —  di  pane  e  uno  di 
veleno,  lit.  to  eat  one  piece  of  bread 
and  one  of  poison,  to  have  constant 
troubles.  2.  =  Boccona,  large  mouth. 
3.  —  de'  preti,  in  a  cooked  fowl,  the 
end  bone,  Pope's  nose.  4.  In  due,  or 
In  tre  -i,  in  a  moment.  5.  wad  for  a 
gun.  6.  As  adv.,  =  Bocconi,  face  down- 
wards. 

*  i.  large  pill.    ii.  poisoned  pill.    iii.  Spiccare  i  -i 
d'  uno,  to  call  him  bad  names,     iv.  Prov   Aver  il  — 
smaltito,  ///.  to  have  the  pill  enamelled,  to  have  the 
advantage  of  a  thing  without  trouble,     v.   (mil.) 
Cogliere  al  — ,  to  surprise. 

Boccdni,  or  A  —  ;  face  downwards. 

Boccuccia  /.,  dim.  vezz. .  Bocca  ; 
Far  — ,  to  turn  up  one's  nose  at,  usu. 
in  disbelief  of  a  story. 

*  Boce  /: ;  =  Voce,  voice. 

*  Bocellato  ;=  Buccellato,  bun. 
Boceriayl;  (mar.)v.  Bozzeria. 

*Bocia/:;  =  Bugia,  lie. 
*Bociacchiare;  =  Canticchiare,  to  hum. 

Boc-iare  (old  It.  boce,  for  voce) ;  to 
bawl. 

*i.  to  defame,  ii.  to  laugh  at.  iii.  —  in  fallo,  to 
speak  without  grounds,  iv.  of  a  wounded  stag,  to 
groan.  Ajf.  -iatore,  -10  bawling. 

Bocidne  m.  (It.  boce);  bawler. 

tBodda/:;=Rospo,  toad. 
•Bodino;  v.  Budino. 

Bbdola  (Botola)  /. ;  i.  opening  in  a 
floor  or  pavement  leading  to  a  cellar. 

2.  cover  for  the  same,  cellar-flap,  trap- 
door. 

Etym.  nnkn.  Probably<blt.  bodula,  a  var.  of 
bondula,  boundary,  which  agrees  perfectly  in  form 
though  not  in  meaning.  The  explanation  appears 
to  be  that  the  meaning  of  boundary  is  a  separate 
development,  which  does  not  concern  the  Italian 
word,  the  proper  meaning  being  that  of  plug. hole  or 
plug,  preserved  in  Fr.  bonde,  Germ.  Spund  (where 
the  *  is  a  prefix  =  L.  ex\<\^.  functa,  orifice,  through 
a  dim.  **punctula,  >bondula,  7>.  Skeat,  sub  Bung. 

Other  suggestions  are  (i)  that  the  word  is  akin 


to  Budello,  q.v.\  (a)<  It.  voto,  >  **  votola  >  botola ; 
(3><blt.  bustula,  chest,  dim.  of  L.  bustum. 

Bodol-etta  or  -ina/I,  -{no  ;«.,  dims,  of -a. 

Bodonian-o;  after  Bodoni,  a  Par- 
mesan printer  of  the  i8th  century. 
Legato  alia  -a,  bound  in  stout  paper, 
which  was  Bodoni's  habit.  His  name 
is  also  attached  to  a  certain  form  of  type. 

*  Bodriere  m.  ;  =  Budriere,  sword-belt. 
Boemeria  / ;  (tot.)  a  genus  of  Urticaceae. 

From  Bdhmeria  nivea  ramie  fibre  is  made. 

Boemo ;  Bohemian. 
*Boeta ;  v.  Buetta. 

Bofferia  /?;  glass-blower's  ladle  for  taking  up 
molten  glass. 

•Boffetta;  v.  Buffetto. 

B6ffi ;  Male  in  borgo  e  peggio  in  — , 
said  when  of  two  possible  courses  each 
only  seems  worse  than  the  other. 

Bbffice  (It.  buffa,  puff);  puffy,  soft. 
Pane  — ,  light  bread. 

Boffici6n-e  m.,  -a  f. ;  fat,  puffy  per- 
son. 

Bofonchiare  or  Bufonchiare  ind. 
bof6nchio ;  to  grumble,  show  ill-temper. 

Etym.  From  the  i»>it.  base  buf,  v.  Buffo,  with 
suffix  formed  upon  the  Latin  dim.  suffix  -uncttlus. 

Bofonchino  m. ;  grumbler. 

tBof6nchio  m. ;  i.    bumble-bee,  hornet  or  any 
kind  of  large  bee.     ii.    large  white  grub. 

B6ga /. ;  i.  a  species  of  fish,  sea- 
bream,  Sparus  box.  2.  buoy.  3.  in 
arsenals,  iron  hoop  or  ring  which  holds 
parts  of  some  of  the  machinery,  fgud- 
geon,  v.  Ghiozzo  (2).  *in  pi.,  chains, 
irons. 

Bogara  f. ;  net  for  catching  Boghe. 
Bdgheda ;  v.  Boveda. 

B6gia_/  (possibly  <  L.  boiae,  v.  Boia, 
sub  Jin.) ;  speck. 

Boginayl;  the  constellation  of  the  Little  Bear. 

*  Boglio  m.  (L.  bolus,  lump  of  anything,  from 
Gr.  0b>Aot,  clod  of  earth) ;  cake  of  chocolate. 

*  Bogliolo  ;  stale  (egg).     Ha  1'  uova  -e,  i.e.  he  is 
talking  rot. 

B6ia  m.,  with  plural  also  Boia;  exe- 
cutioner, t/,  with  plural  Boie ;  =  Gavi- 
tello,  buoy. 

Etym.  L.  boiae,  a  collar  of  wood  or  iron,  such 
as  those  by  which  slaves  were  chained  by  the  neck 
to  a  wall  for  punishment ;  it  then  came  to  mean 
thong  for  strangling  and  so  passed  in  Italian  into 
the  sense  of  hangman,  whilst  in  late  Latin  it  meant 
chain  and  so  produced  Fr.  boute,  E.  buoy,  and  the 
Italian  term  Boia,  used  at  Leghorn,  as  being  a  thing 
moored  by  a  chain.  The  Latin  boiae,  as  making  a 
mark  upon  the  slave's  neck,  may  have  been  the 
origin  of  the  It.  bogia,  speck.  The  resemblance  of 
boiae  to  Gr.  /foet'a  is  probably  accidental ;  Walde 
quotes  with  approval  a  surmise  that  the  implement 
was  adopted  by  the  Romans  from  the  Boii  and 
named  accordingly,  just  as  the  Fr.  cravatte  was 
formed  from  the  name  of  the  Croats. 

Boiardo  m.;  Boyar,  a  title  in  Hungary,  etc. 

Boiera/;;  (war.)  sloop. 

Boiessa  j, ;  hangman's  wife, 

Boi6ne  m.;  augm.  Boia. 

*  Boito  ;  =  Vuoto,  empty. 
Bolare;  of  fuller's  earth,  v.  Bolo. 
Bolarmenico  m. ;  Armenian  bole. 
Bolbina/:;  (bat.)  a  garden  plant,  Ixia  bulbo- 

codium. 

*  Bolcionare(BoIzonare);  to  batter  with  Bolcioni. 

*  Bolcione,  Bolzone  or  Bolgione  m.  (corn,  old 
Fr.    boson,    Provenc.    bossos,    bit.    bulcis,  <O.H.G. 
botz,  v.    Skeat,  sub  Bolt) ;   i.    a  sort  of  battering 
arrow,  with  a  lump  of  lead  taking  the  place  of  the 
point,     ii.  a  kind  of  battering  ram.     iii.  a  tool  used 
in   stamping   the   letters-  on   medals,  etc.     iv.    con- 
vexity  made  in  a  timber  structure  such  as  a  bridge, 
v.    (mar.)  In  — ,  (a  square  sail)  with  one  or  both 
lower  corners  caught  up  so  as  to  make  a  sort  of  bag. 

*  Boldigraro  tn. ;  dealer  in  home-spuns. 
•Boldone    m.    (L.    ootttlus,    sausage);    black 

pudding. 


Boldrd,  Buldrb,  Buldrdcche,  Bul- 
drbghe,  Busdrd  or  Busdr6ghe  :  i.  m., 
angler-fish  or  sea-devil,  v.  Lofio.  2.  as 
adj.,  Can  — ,  bull-dog. 

*  Bol drone  m.  (var.  of  Poltrone) ;  fleece. 

*  Bolea  /.  (Spanish  word);  i.   Andare  di  — ,  to 
be  in  luck's  way ;  Di  — ,  =  Di  volo,  quickly,   ii.  a  card 
game  like  Primiera. 

*  Bolero  m. ;  a  Spanish  dance,  or  music  therefor. 

Bol&to  m.  (L.,v.  Bulbo) ;(bot.)  a  genus 
of  fungi  including  the  common  mush- 
room, Boletus  esculentus.  — •  da  morti, 
a  fungus  common  in  orchards  with  a 
horrible  smell,  Clathrus  cancellatus. 

t  B61fido ;~ Bolso,  broken-winded. 
*Bolge/;;  i.  =Bolgia.     ii.  trunk,  box. 

Bolgett-a/;  postman's  bag.  Aff. 
-ina  dim. 

Bblgia/  (L.  bulga,  bag,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bulge);  i.  large  pocket.  2.  baggy 
place  in  a  dress.  3.  the  circles  of 
Dante's  Inferno ;  Malebolge,  the  ten 
pits  of  the  eighth  circle. 

*  i.  =  Bolgetta,  bag.     ii.  large  leather  bottle. 
*Bolgicchino  m. ;—  Stivaletto,  shoe. 
tBolginello  ;«.;=Boncinello,  hasp. 

*  Bolgione  ;  v.  Bolcione. 
•Bolicame;  v.  Bulicame. 

Bolide  m.  (Gr.  0oAt's);  shooting  star. 
Bolimacula    /  ;    (bat.)    prickly    rest-harrow, 
Ononis  spinosa,  also  termed  Arrestabue. 
*Bolimia;  v.  Bulimia. 

Bolln-a/  (Dutch  boeglijn,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.) ;  (mar.)  bowline,  rope  fastened 
to  the  edge  of  a  square  sail.  Andare 
alia  — ,  to  sail  on  a  bowline,  -e  d'  una 
tromba  da  vento,  braces  of  a  wind-sail. 
*=Burina. 

Bolinare:    to    draw    the    bowlines 

tight. 

Bolinette /.  pl.',=  Boline  di  velaccio,  top-gallant 
bowlines. 

Boliniero  m. ;  ship  that  sails  well 
when  on  a  bowline,  close-hauled  to  the 
wind. 

•Bolino;  v.  Bulino. 

Bolio  m. ;  (cketn.)  bole,  a  kind  of  fine  clay,  v. 
Bolo. 

B611a  f.  (L.  bulla,  root  bul,  imit.  of 
the  gurgling  sound  of  the  bubbles  of 
boiling  water) ;  i.  bubble.  2.  (met/.) 
vesicle.  3.  pop.  for  diphtheria.  4.  - 
acquaiola,  blister.  5.  bulb  of  a  ther- 
mometer. 6.  papal  or  Imperial  bull; 
the  word  in  this  sense  referred  orig.  to 
the  seal,  the  L.  bulla  being  used  for  a 
seal,  as  being  round  like  a  bubble. 
7.  (com.)  bill  of  entry ;  —  di  merce 
esente,  entry  for  free  goods;  — d'  entrata, 
entry  for  home  use ;  —  d'  accompagna- 
mento  in  deposito,  entry  for  warehousing. 

*  i.  =  Borchia,  stud.     ii.  seal  or  stamp,  as  a  mark 
of  the  quality  of  cloth. 

Boll-accia^rgy.,  -uccia<//w.,  of -a. 
Bollandisti  m.  pi.;  the  writers  who  continued 
the  lives  of  the  saints  by  Holland. 

Bollare  ind.  b611o  (It.  b611o);  i.  to 
seal,  esp.  with  a  leaden  seal,  to  stamp, 
to  brand.  2.  to  diddle ;  Quel  birbante 
lo  bol!6  di  diecimila  lire,  that  rogue  got 
ten  thousand  francs  from  him  by  false 
pretences. 

Bollario  in.;  collection  of  papal  bulls. 
Bollato;  i.  officially  sealed.     2.  (bat.)  bullate, 
puckered  (leaves). 

*  Garzon  — ,  fellow  fit  for  the  galleys. 
Boll-at6re,  -atura;  v.  Bollare. 

*BpIlentino  m.;  i.  Pescare  a  — ,  to  fish  with  a 
line.     ii.  in //.,  =  Roventini,  black-pudding. 


94 


BOLLERARE— BORBOGLIO 


Boiler-are  itid.  bollero  (It.  bolla);  in  tanning, 
to  stir  up  the  limewater  with  the  Bollero,  a  sort  of 
shovel,  so  as  to  make  it  bubble.  Aff.  -atura. 

B611ero  m. ;  v.  supra. 

Bollitta  and  derivatives  ;  v.  Bulletta,  etc. 

Bolli  bolli  »«. ;  unrest. 

*  Bollicare  ;=  Brulicare,  to  swarm. 
Bollic-iattola,  -ina  dims.;  v.  Bolla  (2). 

Boll-ire  (Bullire)  ind.  bollo  (L.  bul- 
lire,  v.  Bolla) ;  I.  to  boil ;  Farla  —  e 
mal  cocere,  i.e.  to  make  great  prepara- 
tions and  then  not  make  anything  of  it. 
2.  to  weld.  AJjf.  -imento,  -fta. 

Bolliticcio  w. ;  sedimentfrom  boiling. 

Bollitura/;  I.  boiling  for  some 
time.  2.  water  in  which  something  has 
been  boiled,  usu.  Scottatura.  3.  scherz. 
weak  coffee,  usu.  Ribollitura.  4.  weld. 

B611o    m.   (L.   bulla,  v.    Bolla,   6); 

1.  seal,  stamp ;  —  a  secco,  mechanically 
impressed  seal;  —  a  umido,  that  of  a 
rubber    stamp,    etc. ;    -  -    della    posta, 
post-mark ;    -  -   di   prova,   proof-mark. 

2.  =  Francobollo,  postage-stamp.  3.  mark 
made   by   a   seal,    or    quasi-fig.    by    a 
missile.     4.  iron.  Fare  un  bel  — ,  i.e.  to 
make  a  bad  bargain.    5.  a  kind  of  rusk. 

Boll6na  /  ;  augm.  Bolla. 

Bollonare  ind.  bollono ;  to  bolt. 

Bolldne  or  Bulldne  »/. ;  large  nail, 
bolt ;  —  prigioniero,  stud-bolt. 

Bolldre  m. ;  i.  boiling,  strictly,  the 
gurgling  murmur  of  water  beginning  to 
boil.  2.  fig.  commotion. 

Boll-orino  in. ;  dim.  -ore,  short  boiling. 
Bollor-uccio  m.;   i.  =-ino.     i.  fig.  small  dis- 
turbance. 

Bolldiso  ;  pimply. 

Bolluccia  /;  dim.  Bulla. 
t  Bolluciolo  m. ;  heat-spot. 
•Bolluzza./;  pimple. 

B61o  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  jSwAor,  clod) ; 
i.  bole,  a  kind  of  fine  clay  formerly 
used  in  medicine.  2.  bolus,  pill.  3.  Do- 
rare  a  — ,  to  gild  upon  an  under-surface 
of  bole,  t  =  Bocco. 

Bologna ;  the  city  of  that  name.  Oro  di  —  che 
diventa  rossa  dalla  vergogna,  imitation  gold  which 
blushes  for  shame,  viz.  when  the  surface  comes  off 
and  shows  the  red  copper  beneath.  Fa  come  la 
luna  di  —  che  sta  cent'  anni  e  poi  ritorna,  said  of  a 
person  who  puts  in  a  rare  appearance  at  a  place 
where  he  should  constantly  attend. 

*  Bolognino  ;«. ;  an  old  Bolognese  copper  coin. 
Boloretina  f.\  a  resinous  substance  obtained 

from  the  leaves  of  fir-trees. 

Bolsaggine  /  ;  v.  Bolso. 

Bolso  (L.  pulsus,  driven,  cp.  E. 
pursy);  broken-winded. 

*  Bolza  ;  v.  Bolcione. 

'Bolzon-a./;  an  old  Tuscan  coin,  -agliayl; 
coppers. 

•Bolzone;  v.  Bolcione. 

B6ma/ ;  (mar.)  boom;  —  di  maestra, 
main  boom.  —  della  randa  di  mezzana, 
spanker  boom.  -  di  trinchetto  delle 
golette,  fore  boom.  Cambiare  la  — , 
to  gybe.  Filare  la  — ,  to  ease  off  the 
spanker  boom  sheet. 

B6mba  /  (L.  bombus,  =  Gr.  /3d>/3n£, 
noise);  i.  bomb.  2.  fig.  lie,  piece  of 
brag.  3.  ball  of  pastry.  4.  a  boys' 
game,  prisoner's  base,  Bomba  being 
the  base;  Tornare  a  — ,  fig.  to  return 
to  the  subject. 

*home.  Toccar  — ,  to  arrive  and  be  off  again. 
Fare  a  toccar  — ,  to  stay  only  a  short  time. 


*  Bombaba  in. ;  drinkers'  song. 

*  Bombage  f. ;  =  Bambagia,  cotton  waste. 

*  Bombaiarda  yC;  a  game. 

*Bombanza    f.    (Fr.    bomba.rue)\     i.    jollity, 
ii.    pomp. 

Bombard-a  /    (mlt.,   v.    Bomba)  ; 

1.  (mil.)  mortar.     2.  two-masted  vessel, 
originally  war-vessel,  but  later  a  mer- 
chant-ship.    3.    (mus.)  bombard,   bass 
reed-stop   on   the    organ   with    1 6-foot 
tone.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -are,  -at6re. 

Bombardiera    / ;     i.    embrasure. 

2.  vessel  carrying  artillery. 

Bombardiere  m. ;  artilleryman. 

*  Bombardier-o  or  -i  tn.\  \.    bombardier,     ii. 
drinker. 

*  Bombardo  in. ;  i.  (mus.)  an  instrument  like  the 
oboe.     ii.  drinker. 

*  Bombardone  m. ;  (mus.)  a  sort  of  enormous 
cornet. 

*  Bombare  ;    i.  =  to  resound,      ii.    to  drink   to 


•  Bambagino,  cotton 


excess. 

Bombasina/ ;  = 

stuff,  bombazine. 

*  Bomberaca,  Bomeraca/;;  gum  arable. 
Bomberaia  /.   (It.   bombero);   socket  for  the 

ploughshare. 

Bomberale  m.  (It.  bombero);  the  wood  of  the 
plough  on  which  the  ploughshare  fits. 

*  Bomber-e  or  -o  m. ;  i.  =  Vomere,  ploughshare, 
ii.  addle-pated  ass. 

Bombetta/I;  globular  lantern. 

*  Bombettare  ;  to  tipple. 

Bdmbice  m.  ( L.  bombyx) ;  grub,  esp. 
silkworm. 

Bombicfna;  Carta  — ,  silk  paper. 

*Bombicino  m. ;  v.  Bombasina. 

*  Bombitare  ;  of  bees,  to  hum. 

Bombo  in.  (itnit.);  nursery  word  for  drink. 
*(itnts.)  repetition  of,  instead  of  holding  a  note. 

Bombola  /  (It.  bomba,  from  the 
shape) ;  metal  water-jug,  glass  wine- 
decanter. 

*(w/V.)  fire-ball.     T  opaque  glass  lamp-shade. 
Bombol-etta,  -in*  dims.;  v.  Bombola. 

Bomb6ne  m. ;  liar,  v.  Bomba  (2). 

*i.    iron  ball.     ii.    unskilled  labourer  in  a  wool 
warehouse,     iii.  drinker. 

Bomboniera  /.  (Fr.  bonbonntirc)  ;  sweetmeat 
box. 

*  Bomeraca  ;  v.  Bomberaca. 
*Bomere  m.  ;  =  Vomere,  plough-share. 

Bomprfcsso  or  Bonpresso  (Buom- 
presso)  m.  (corr.  of  E.  bowsprit,  or 
Germ.  Bugspriet);  (mar.)  bowsprit. 

Bonacce'vole ;  light  (breeze). 

Bonaccia/  (based  upon  L.  malacia, 
=  Gr.  fiaXoK/a,  the  first  syllable,  with  its 
suggestion  of  male,  bad,  being  altered 
to  bon);  \.  a  calm;  Alia  — ,  under  the 
lee  of  the  shore.  2.  =  Bonarieta. 

Bonaccio  or  Bonaccidne;  well- 
disposed. 

*  Bonaccordo  ;«.;  (mus.)  harpsichord. 
B6n-aga  or  -agray!;  (hot.)  rest-harrow,  Ononis 

spinosa,  also  termed  Arrestabue,  Bulimaccola,  Bar- 
bonaccia,  Fermabue. 

Bonalana  /  (iron,  from  buona  lana); 
contemptible  scoundrel,  but  often  said 
scherz.  like  E.  rascal. 

Bonamano  / ;  tip  to  a  waiter,  etc. 

Bonambrte  /  ;  service  of  prayer  for 
holy  dying. 

Bonar-iamente,  -ieta;  i>.  Bonario. 

Bonario  (It.  bono) ;  good-natured, 
candid,  credulous. 

Bonasia  yC;=  Francolino  di  monte,  ptarmigan. 
•Bonaso  in.  (L.);  wild  ox. 


Bonavbglia  /;  i.  unpaid  hospital 
doctor.  2.  volunteer  of  the  Misericordia. 
3.  iron,  idle  boy. 

*  paid  rower  on  a  galley,  not  a  convict. 
Bonbraccio ;  v.  Buonbraccio. 

•Boncia./:;  cat.     Chiamar  la  gatta  — ,  to  call 
things  by  their  wrong  names. 

*  Boncianay^;  a  sort  of  stuffed  ball. 

Bonciarella/  (prob.  a  nasalised  dim. 
<  L.  buccella,  morsel,  dim.  of  bucca,  v. 
Bocca) ;  a  kind  of  sweet  omelette  with 
slices  of  apple. 

Boncin&llo  (Buncinello)  m.  (cogn. 
Siennese  dial.  Bolginello ;  a  nasalisation 
of  **Bolcinello,  dim.  of  Bolcione) ;  bolt- 
staple,  for  fixing  a  bolt  so  that  it  cannot 
be  shot  back. 

*Bonciow. ;  i.  a  fresh-water  fish.    ii.  =  Broncio. 
iii.  master. 

Boncristiano  ;  the  Bonchretien  pear. 

Bondidla  /  (L.  botulus,  sausage, 
v.  Budello  and  Budino) ;  Piedmontese 
sausage. 

*  Boneggiare ;  to  think  highly  of. 

*  Bonello  m. ;  island  formed  out  of  a  sandbank 
in  a  river. 

Bonetta  f.  (of  Oriental  origin,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Bonnet);  i.  wallet.  2.  (mar.) 
bonnet,  additional  piece  put  on  to  a 
sail.  3.  in  pi.,  spars  placed  transversely 
to  keep  a  sail  spread. 

*  Bonetto  m. ;  a  sort  of  skull-cap.     —  da  prete, 
{fortif?)  redoubt  with  three  salients,  also  termed 
Forbice  doppia,  Coda  di  rondine  doppia. 

Bongaro  in.;  a  poisonous  snake  of  India. 

Bongustaio  m. ;  connoisseur. 

Bonicolay:;  =  Tottavilla,  wood-lark. 

Bonifacia  f.\  (&tf.)=Bislingua,  Rusctts  hyfo- 
glassum. 

Bonifacio  m.  ;  (&>/.)  =Lauro  Alessandrino, 
broad-leaved  pettygree. 

t  Bonifatoli  in.  pi. ;  a  kind  of  paste  for  soup. 

Bonificare  ind.  bonffico ;  to  reclaim 
by  irrigation  or  drainage. 

*i.  to  improve,  ii.  to  verify  (an  account),  v. 
Abbonare  (2)^ 

Aff".  Bonific-amenUv-azione. 

B6n-o ;  ?'.  Buono.     Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Bon6m-o  m.;  i.  easy-going,  cre- 
dulous person.  2.  in  //.,  (a)  twelve 
men  selected  by  the  Signoria  of  Florence 
as  councillors  in  the  Republic;  (^mana- 
gers of  certain  charitable  institutions  of 
the  present  day ;  (c)  I  bonomini  di  San 
Martino,  a  charitable  foundation  at 
Florence  for  reduced  gentlefolk.  Aff. 
-la. 

Bon-6ne ;  augm.  of-o. 
Bonpresso;  --.  Bompresso. 

Bonta  (Bointa,  Bonita)  / ;  good- 
ness. 

Bontempone  m. ;  one  who  has  a 
good  time. 

Bonzo  m.  (forr.  of  Japanese  word  for  pious 
man) ;  bonze,  Oriental  priest.  *  tailor's  goose  (made 
of  wood). 

t  B6nzola /.  (var.  of  Bondiola);  bladder. 

*  Bora    tit. ;  =  Borea,    north-east,    or    north-east 
wind. 

Borace  or  Borrace  m.  (Arabic  bftraq, 
saltpetre) ;  borax. 

Bor-acera/T,  or  -acere  m. ;  borax-box,  -accio 
or  -ico,  v.  Borace. 

Borasso  m.;  coir  rope,  made  from  fibre  off  the 
rough  husk  of  the  cocoa-nut  or  from  esparto  grass. 

Borbogliare  (<imit.  root  *»/,  by  reduplication, 
v.  Bolla);  i.  of  air  in  the  intestines,  to  rumble.  2.  to 
murmur,  whisper. 

Borbogl-io  m. ;  v.  -iare.     *  insurrection. 


BORBONICO— BORRAGGINE 


95 


Borbdnico ;  Bourbon. 

*  Borbora  f.;=  Burbera,  windlass. 

Borbott-are  ind.  borbotto  (root  6a, 
v.  Babbo);  i.  to  mutter.  2.  to  speak  (a 
foreign  language)  badly.  *  =  Borbogli- 
are  (i).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -10  freq.  sb. 

Borbottfno  m.  (It.  borbottare,  to 
gurgle) ;  (cook.)  dainty  dish,  prob.  from 
the  lengthy  frizzling  generally  requisite 
for  good  cooking. 

*  i.    one  who  speaks  low.     ii.    long-necked  bottle, 
such  as  gurgles  in  pouring  out. 

Borbottone  m. ;  person  always  mut- 
tering. 

B6rchl-a  /  (prob.  <  L.  buccula,  v. 
Buccola,  etym.) ;  i.  metal  disk,  orna- 
mental button,  boss.  2.  marble  or  stone 
disk  in  the  centre  of  which  the  spout  of 
a  drinking  fountain  or  the  like  is  fixed. 

Aff.  -etta,  -ettina,  -na  dims.,  -one  or  -ona  augttt. 

*  Borda  yl;  i.  the  second  largest  sail  of  a  galley, 
v.  Bastardo  (i).     ii.  lining  of  a  saddle,     iii.   as  adj., 
name  of  a  certain  kind  of  apple. 

*Bordagliay;  {lit.  sailors,  from  Bordo);  rabble. 
Bordame  m. ;  foot  (of  a  sail). 

Bordare  ind.  bordo  (A)  (It.  **bordo, 
the  original  form  of  bordone,  staff) ; 
i.  to  cudgel.  2.  to  work  hard.  3.  The 
imperative,  Borda !  means  either  Attend 
to  what  you  are  about,  or  Leave  off 
interrupting  me. 

(B)  (It.  bordo,  side  of  a  ship) ;  i.  Bor- 
da! home,  with  the  article  named,  e.g. 
Borda  i  trevi,  fore  and  main  sheets, 
home!  2.  Bordare  a  segno,  to  sheet 
close  home ;  —  la  randa  di  mezzana,  to 
haul  out  the  spanker ;  —  le  scotte  dei 
trevi,  to  haul  the  sheets  aft.  3.  to  fix 
the  planks  of  a  ship's  sides  on  the 
framework,  v.  infra,  Bordato.  *  =  Sci- 
acquare,  to  rinse. 

Bordat-a/;  (mar.)  i.  tack,  board; 
Cattiva  — ,  back  board;  -e  corte,  short 
boards  or  tacks ;  —  favorevole,  slant 
tack ;  —  in  fuori  e  —  a  terra,  off  and 
on ;  -e  lunghe  e  corte,  long  and  short 
boards,  tack  and  half  tack;  —  verso  il 
largo,  or  del  largo,  tack  out  to  sea,  sea 
turn.  2.  =Fiancata,  broadside. 

Bordatlno  or  Bordato  m.  (It.  bordo, 
border) ;  blue  and  white  striped  linen 
cloth. 

Bordato  (part,  of  Bordare) ;  (mar.) 
-  a  giustaposto,  carvel  built ;  —  a 
labbro,  clincher  built,  viz.  when  every 
strake  of  planking  or  plating  in  a  ship 
except  the  lowermost  garboard  strake 
overlaps  the  upper  edge  of  the  strake 
next  below  it. 

Bordato  m.;  i.  =  Bordatino.  2.  plank- 
ing. 

Bordeggiare  ind.  bordeggio  (It. 
bordo,  side  of  a  ship) ;  to  tack,  beat 
against  the  wind. 

•Bordella/;  heifer. 

*  Bordellena  f. ;  trifle. 

*  Bordelletto  m. ;  something  the  name  of  which 
is  not  known  or  not  to  be  mentioned. 

*  Bordellinay;  (dim. <V..  burdo,  mule);  i.  young 
heifer,     it.   plump  girl. 

*  Bordellino  ;  i.  dress  of  Bordatino.    ii.  irritating 
object. 

Bordello  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  bort,  a 
board,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  was 


hut);  i.  brothel.     2.  uproar.     *Fare  il 
— ,  to  crack  jokes. 

*(B)  (dim.  <L.  burdo,  cp.  Bordellina);  i.  stout 
young  fellow.  ii.  anything  of  substantial  size 
amongst  its  own  kind. 

*BordeIlptt-o  m.,  or  -a/;  dim.  Bordello  (B). 
Una  -a  di  quindici,  a  buxom  lass  of  fifteen. 

Borderd  m.  (Fr.  bordereau);  memo- 
randum of  payment. 

BordighierayT;  crawl  or  kraal,  pen  for  keeping 
fish. 

*Bordigli-o  or  -one  m.  ;  irregularity  of  thick- 
ness in  silk  fibres. 

*Bordizio  w.;  =  Giostra,  tournament. 

Bordd  m.  (Fr.  Bordeaux) ;  claret. 

Bordo  m.  (O.H.G.  bort,  orig.  board, 
then  ship's  side,  and  so  that  which  shuts 
in,  outer  margin,  edge;  cp.  Fr.  bord, 
E.  board,  border);  i.  side  of  a  ship. 
2.  fig.  Persona  d'  alto  — ,  important 
personage.  3.  Andar  a  — ,  to  go  on 
board.  4.  Carte  di  — ,  ship's  papers. 
5.  Girar  — ,  or  di  — ,  to  alter  the  course, 
go  about.  6.  Franco  — ,  free-board. 
7.  Secondodi  — ,  first  officer.  8.  Lungo 
— ,  (com.)  free  alongside. 

*i.  border,  ii.  =  Bordeggiare,  tacking,  iii.  = 
Bordatino. 

B6rdo  adj. ;  Melo  — ,  a  variety  of  apple,  with 
large  dark  fruit. 

t  Bordonale  m.',  principal  rafter. 

Bordonaro  m. ;  net  used  in  tunny  fishing. 

Bordonata;  (herald.)  Croce  — ,  with  the  ends 
of  the  arms  rounded  as  if  the  cross-piece  was  com- 
posed of  two  pilgrim's  staves. 

Bordoncino  m. ;  dim.  Bordone. 

Bord6n-e  m. ;  I.  pilgrim's  staff; 
Prendere  il  suo  — ,  scherz.  to  move  into 
another  district;  Piantar  il  —  in  un 
posto,  =Appiopparvisi,  to  outstay  one'.s 
welcome,  v.  Appioppare  (3).  2.  in  pi., 
the  feathers  of  a  young  bird  before  it 
can  fly ;  Venire  or  Rizzarsi  i  -i,  to  have 
one's  hair  made  to  stand  on  end. 

*i.  pike  or  stake,  ii.  beam  or  plank,  iii.  counter 
of  a  shop.  iv.  five  of  the  stars  in  Orion,  viz.  one  of 
the  shoulders,  one  of  the  feet,  and  the  three  of  the 
belt.  v.  the  downy  hair  on  a  young  man's  face. 
In  music:  vi.  the  bass.  vii.  — ,  or  falso  — ,  a  sort 
of  droning  chant  or  undertone  of  many  voices  upon 
the  same  note.  D.  Purg.  28.  18.  Che  tenevan  — 
alle  sue  rime,  (the  leaves)  which  (moved  by  the  wind) 
were  murmuring  a  low  undertone  of  accompaniment 
to  their  (the  birds')  songs.  The  expression  Tener  — 
was  also  used  _/?£•.  in  the  sense  of  being  an  accomplice 
in  some  bad  action,  viii.  one  of  the  lower  strings  of 
a  lute.  ix.  register  of  an  organ  from  the  i6-foot  pipe 
to  the  32-foot. 

Etyni.  (A)  In  the  sense  of  staff  Bordone  is  from 
L.  burdo,  mule,  the  pilgrim  giving  the  name  of  mule 
to  the  staff  which  helped  him  along.  This  metaphor 
is  not  uncommon  ;  in  Spanish  muleta  means  either 
mule  or  crutch  and  El  cftbailo  de  S.  Francisco, 
St  Francis'  horse,  means  the  pilgrim's  staff.  (B)  Bor- 
doni  sprouting  wing.feathers  is  from  O.H.G.  brort 
or  prort,  extremity,  projecting  corner.  (C)  in  music 
the  origin  is  doubtful  ;  the  cognate  words  are  Fr. 
bourdon,  Provenc.  and  Span,  bordon,  Gaelic  bnrdan, 
E.  burden,  old  E.  bourdon;  fro6.  <late  L.  burdo, 
drone-bee,  of  imit.  origin ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Burden. 

*  Bordonizzare  ;  to  execute  a  melody  accom- 
panied by  a  continued  bass. 

Borduray;;  (herald.)  border. 

*Bore/T;  a  kind  of  round  dance. 

B6re-a  in.  (L.) ;  north,  or  north  wind. 
Aff.  -ale. 

Borello  m.\  (A) (war.)  toggle. 
*(B);  (L.  **6ureus,  for  durrus,  red)  a  kind  of 
coarse  cloth. 

*Borgaggio  «.;  i.  =  Borgo.     ii.  tribute. 

Borg-ata  / ;  village.  Aff.  -atella 
dim. 

tBorgatclle/^/.;  =  Tigliate,  boiled  chestnuts. 

Borghe'se  (It.  borgo);  i.  middle- 
class.  2.  civilian. 


Borghesfa^;  the  middle  classes, 
bourgeoisie. 

Borghesuccio  ;«. ;  dim.  sprfg.  Borghese. 
t  Borgh6tta/!;  =  Bolgetta,  post-bag. 
Borgh-etto,  -ettlno,  or-icci61o  ;  dims.  Borgo. 

Borghigian-o  m.,  -a/ ;  villager. 

*BorghinelIayC;  low  woman. 
*Borgiaio  m.\  maker  of  leather  bags. 

*  Borgiano  m. ;  a  variety  of  black  grape. 

*  Borgiotto  ;  Fico — ,  v.  Brogiotto. 

*  Borgnola;  Semenza  — ,  blind  verdict  in  favour 
of  the  wrong  party.     As  j£.,=Corbelleria,  trick. 

B6rgo  m.  (late  L.  burgus>< O.H.G. 
burgi  Gothic  baurgs,  castle);  i.  suburb, 
group  of  houses  outside  the  city  wall. 

2.  village.     3.  at  Florence,  street ;  orig* 
outside  the  walls,  but  when   the   wall 
was  extended  the  name  of  Borgo  was 
retained,  and  some  of  the  Borghi  are 
now  quite  central. 

Borg6gna^  ;  (geogr.}  Burgundy ;  if 
referring  to  wine  it  is  masc.*  vino  being 
understood. 

*  Borgognone ;    i.    dirty,  stingy,     ii.   as  sb.t  — 
Borgognotta. 

t=Ciuffblotto,  bullfinch. 

*  Borgognottayf;  a  certain  make  of  steel  cap. 
*Borgolino  m.\   \.   labourer's  dress,      ii.  spreg. 

villager. 

Borgomastro  ;//. ;  burgomaster,  mayor,  in 
Germany,  etc. 

*  Borgoro  (^/.  BorgorayT)  w.;=  Borgo,  suburb. 
Borg-uccio  dim.t  -uzzo  spreg.,  of  -o. 

B6ria/  (O.H.G.  burjan,  to  raise); 
vain-glory,  self-conceit,  ostentation,  ar- 
rogance. 

Boriana  / ;  squall  of  wind. 

Bori-arsi  ind.  mi  borio;  to  swagger, 
-ata,  piece  of  swagger,  v,  Boria. 

*  Boricco  /«.  (L.  burriciis,  a  sorry  kind  of  horse, 
orig.   shaggy   horse,   <  burra,  rough  stuff,  cj>.    Fr. 
bourrique)',   i.    donkey,     ii.    pea-jacket. 

*Borinay?;  i.  v.  Burina.  ii.  v.  Bolina.  iii.  dim. 
Bora.  iv.  fore-leech  of  a  lug-sail. 

Bori-6ne  swaggerer,  -osamdnte, 
-os6tto  dim.)  -osita,  -6so;  v.  Boria. 

BorissayC;  (t>of.)  money-wort,  v.  Erba  (107). 

BoriucciayC;  dim.  Boria. 

Borlanda;  v.  Burlanda. 

* Borni  in.  pi,  (Fr.  borne <.\&t.  bodina,  perhaps 
of  Celtic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bound);  curbstones. 
*BorniayC  (It.  bornio);  unlikely  story. 

Borniello  ;//. ;  laburnum  tree,  v.  Citiso. 

*  Bornio  (fogn.  Fr.  borgne,  of  unkn.  ort'g;);  one- 
eyed. 

*Borniola/^  (It.  bornio);  wrong  decision  of  an 
umpire. 

B6ro  ;«. ;  (ckettt.)  boron,  the  base  of  borax. 

Bor6n  m.\  augm.  Bora,  strong  north-easter. 

Bonos-ay^;  (inetr.)  line  which  fastens  the  upper 
angle  of  a  sail  to  the  top  of  the  yard,  head  earing. 
—  di  terzaruolo,  reef  earing,  -e  delle  tende,  ridge 
ropes. 

B6rra /.  (L.  burra,  coat  of  coarse 
stuff);  i.  clippings  for  stuffing  a  pack- 
saddle.  2.  worthless  stuff,  //'/.  or  fig. 

3.  pop.  strength,  as  we  use  the  word 
stuffing  in  English. 

*i.   Battere  la  — ,  to  shiver  with  cold.    ii.  =  Borro, 

ditch. 

Borraccia/;  i.^^.Borra.  2.  (mil.} 
water-bottle. 

Borraccina  f. ;  i.  dim.  Borraccia.  2.  (hot.) 
(a)  wood  moss,  Bryitm  cusfiidatum.  (b)  —  igro- 
metrica,  hygrometric  moss,  Mnium  hygrometricum. 
(c)  —  lucida,  shining  moss,  Hyfimtm  splendens. 
(ff)  —  senza  stelo,  stalkless  moss,  Pfuiscuttt  cusfi- 
datum,  (e)  thatch  moss,  Bryum  rurale. 

Borraccio  m.  \  pegg.  Borro. 

*  Borrace  m. ;  1.  borax,    ii.  =  Borraggine,  borage. 
Borracidre  m.\  box  of  borax  powder. 

Borraggine  /  ;  (bot.)  =  Borrana, 
borage. 

Etym.  Cogfi.  Provenc..  barrages,  Fr.  bourachet 
Span,  borraja,  Portug.  barragem,  mlt.  borago,frob. 


96 

<  Arabic  atu  mshh,  lit.  father  of  sweats,  referring  to 
the  sudorific  properties  of  the  plant;  there  is  an 
alternative  derivation  <  It.  horra,  wool-clippings,  or 
L  burra,  shaggy  garment,  which  is  perhaps  the 
source  of  the  more  usual  term  Borrana,  referring  to 
the  rough  hairs  on  the  stalks  and  leaves. 

Borrana/;  (A)  (hot.)  i.  borage,  Bo- 
rago  officituilis,  also  termed  Borraggine, 
q_v.  2.  —  salvatica,  (a)  comfrey,  v.  Erba 
(129,*);  (*)  =  Buglossavolgare,  alkanet. 

*(B);=Borro,  watercourse. 

*  Borrare  ;  =  Agghiacciare,  to  freeze. 
*Borrasca/;=Burrasca,  tempest. 

*  Borrevole  ;  suitable  for  stuffing. 

B6rro  in.  (Borra/)  (var.  of  Botro); 
deep  ditch,  watercourse. 

Borrdne  m. ;  =  Burrone,  ravine. 
Borr6so;  velvety. 

B6rs-a  /   (L.   bursa  =  Gr.   jSupo-a); 
i.  purse.    2.  pouch.    3.  stock  exchange; 
La  piccola  — ,  meetings  of  dealers  out- 
side the  official  hours.     4.  the  "  crutch" 
in  which  gold-beaters  place  the  gold  to 
be  beaten  out.     5.  (hist.)  Far  le  borse ; 
this  referred  to  the  bags  in  which,  at 
Florence,  the  names  of  candidates  for 
the  magistracy  were  placed  for  drawing. 
6.  silk  net  for  ladies' back  hair.     7.  bur- 
sary given  by  a  commune  to  support 
a  poor  student  at  a  University.     8.   in 
Turkish   commerce,   a    money-unit    of 
amount  equal  to  about  £$,  or  in  Persia 
about   .£25.     9.    (anal.)   synovial   sac; 
(meet.)  abscess.    10.  -e  agli  occhi,  swell- 
ing  in  the  lower  eyelid   from   age,  or 
want   of  sleep,     n.    (eccl.)  burse,   the 
wrapper  for  the  Corporal,  v.  Corporale. 
12.  —  di  past  ore,  (hot.)  shepherd's  purse, 
Capsella  bursa  pastoris.     13.  Prov.  Sa- 
bato  non  e,  e  la  —  non  c'  6,  the  reply 
given  by  a  Jew  when  asked  if  he  would 
redeem  a  purse  on  the   Sabbath,  and 
ngw  said  in  reply  to  any  question  which 
does  not  require  an  immediate  answer. 
Aff.  -accia /<§#-.,  -aiuolo  pickpocket, 
or  scherz.  gambler  on  the  Stock   Ex- 
change, -ale  adj.,  -ata  purse-full,  -ellfno 
money-purse, -etta  dim.,  -ettina  sub-dun., 
-icchio  pop.  for  -ellino,   -iglio   pocket- 
money  or  small  savings,  -ina  dim. 

Bors6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  Borsa;  Far 
— ,  to  make  a  lot  of  money.  2.  (hot.) 
a  fungus,  Agaricus  crassus. 

*  Borsotto  ?«. ;  i.  pouch  for  shot.    ii.  large  purse. 

Borsuccia/;  dim.  spreg.  Borsa. 
"Borzacchino    m.    (Dutch   brosektn,   dim.    of 
bnos,  boot)  ;   half-high  boot. 
Borzacchio;  v.  Bozzacchio. 
B6sa/ ;  (mar.)  in//.,  bull's  eye  cringles,  rings  to 
which  the  bowline  bridles  are  attached, ».  Branca  (8). 
Boscaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Bosco.    Un  —  penculoso, 
a  dangerous  wood. 

Boscaglia  /  ;  i.  forest  district. 
2.  fig.  untidy  hair. 

Boscaglina,  Boscaina;  v.  Buscalina. 

Boscaiblo  m. ;  woodman. 

Boscalina ;  t>.  Buscalina. 

Boscherewio ;  sylvan. 

*  Boschettiere  m.  \  bird-catcher,  v.  Boschetto  (2). 

Boscb.£tto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Bosco. 
2.  place  for  snaring  birds,  v.  Fras- 
conaia.  3.  the  plants  which  constitute 
a  part  of  the  snare. 

*  Boachiere  in.;  =  Boscaiolo. 


BORRANA— BOTTATA 


*  Boschiero   or  •  Boschigno  ;  =  Boschereccio, 
sylvan. 

*  Boschiva  f. ;  dry  leaves. 

Boschivo ;  planted  with  trees,  wood- 
land. 

Bbsco  ;/;.  (cogn.  Fr.  bois,  Span,  and 
Portug.  basque,  Provenc.  bases,  mlt. 
buscus  or  boscus ;  orig.  unkn.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bush);  i.  wood,  forest;  —  inglese, 
shrubbery;  Uomo  da  —  e  da  riviera, 
man  for  forest  or  shore,  i.e.  handy  man, 
capable  of  various  kinds  of  work ;  Sugo 
di  — ,  forest  juice,  scherz.  for  stick  to 
beat  somebody  with.  2.  fig.  Pare  un  — , 
or  E  un  —  a  baccano,  it  is  a  mass  of 
confusion.  So  of  writing  which  is  all 
alterations,  E  un  — .  3.  In  silk  culture, 
the  bundles,  usu.  of  broom,  where  the 
silkworm  after  its  third  sleep  retires  to 
form  its  cocoon. 

*i.  firewood,     ii.   Trovala,  — !,  when  a  thing  is 
not  to  be  found,     iii.  Cavar  la  lepre  dal  — ,  i:  Lepre. 
•Boscone  w.;  =  Macchione,  thicket. 

Bosc6so;  well-wooded. 

tBosega/;=Muggine,  mullet. 

B6s  for  o   m.  ;    straits,  esp.   the  straits  of  Con- 
stantinople. 

*  Bosima/;  =  Bozzima,  weavers  paste. 
"Bosmano  m.  ;=Nostromo,  boatswain. 

*  Boss-o  wr. ;  i.  ~  Bossolo.    ii.  musical  instrument 
made  of  boxwood.     Aff.  *-ino  dim. 

Bossola  /. ;  i.  =  Boccola,  nave-ring. 
2.  =  Brusca,   horse-brush.      3.    lath   or 
thin  board  used  on  a  ceiling  in  making 
a  seating  for  the  plaster,  where  this  is 
not  done  by  the  use  of  rush  matting. 
Bossolaro  m.  ;  worker  in  boxwood. 
Bossolato ;  v .  Bossola  (3). 
Bossol&tt-o  in. ;  dim.  Bossolo.   Dare, 
or  Vendere  -i,  to  give  fair  words  and 
foul  acts. 

Bbssolo  m.  (bit.  **buxulus  <  L. 
buxus,  =  Gr.  7ru£o9,  box-tree ;  in  the 
sense  of  receptacle  it  may  either  come 
from  Gr.  jrt^i'r,  which  however  is  itself 
from  ™£o9,  through  intermediary  forms 
**biixida,  **bussilo,  or  from  buxus  as 
above) ;  i .  box-tree,  Buxus  sempervirens, 
or  its  wood.  2.  =  Licio  d'  Affrica,  Afri- 
can box  thorn.  3.  small  box  (properly 
made  of  boxwood,  but  also  of  other 
wood  or  of  metal),  such  as  a  blind  man's 
tin  cup  for  receiving  alms,  usu.  Busso- 
lotto.  4,  in  a  flour-mill,  wheel-box,  the 
piece  of  timber  or  other  material  with 
a  hole  in  the  middle  in  which  the  beam 
of  the  wheel  turns.  5.  (anal.)  socket 
of  the  hip  joint.  6.  ballot  box.  Prov. 
La  limosina  si  fa  colla  borsa  e  non  col 
— ,  alms  should  be  gifts,  not  voting 
away  other  people's  money. 

*  i     Soffiar  nel   -  ,   (a)  of  a   woman  =  Lisciarsi 
molto,  to  be  overdressed.     (*)    to  make  mischief, 
ii.  =  Bussola,  compass. 

*  Bossolotto  m. ;  poor-box. 

*  Bota  or  *  Botacchiola  / ;  silly  woman. 
Botanic-a/  (L.<Gr.  florae,  fodder);  botany. 

Aff.-o. 

*  Botarga  ;  v.  Bottarga. 

t  Botazzo  fit. ;  =  Battimare. 


*  Botora  ;  old/  pi.  of  Boto,  vows. 
tB6toro»i.;=Bassetta. 

B6tri  m.;  (hot.)  a  species  of  goosefoot,  LHeno- 
podium  totrys,  also  termed  Pazienza. 
Botride/;  mould-fungus. 

Botrite/  (Gr.  Porpus,  grape  cluster);  botryoid 
deposit  in  a  copper  smelting  furnace  of  zinc  or  cobalt. 


. ,  . 

•Boto  m.  (A)=Voto;  i.  vow,  prayer.  11.  votive 
offering,  iii.  oath.  iv.  vote.  (B)  (akin  to  Botta, 
orig.  therefore  =  obtuse) ;  silly  fellow. 

Bbtola  /. ;  =  Bodola,  cellar-flap. 
Bbtolo  m.  (dim.  Boto,  B) ;  pug  dog. 
tz'.  Muggine  (2). 


B6tro  m.  (A)  (v.  Burrone) ;  i.  deep 
ditch.     2.  fig.  greedy  eater. 

(B)  (Gr.  jSorpus) ;  bunch  of  grapes. 

B6tt-a/.  (M.H.G.  butze,  an  obtuse, 
crushed  thing,  bozen,  to  knock,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Butt);  i.  toad.     Provs.  La  —  che 
non   chiese  non   ebbe   coda,  the   toad 
which  did  not  ask  got  no  tail,  as  an 
excuse  for  asking ;  Come  disse  la  —  al- 
P  erpice :  senza  ritorno,  as  the  toad  said 
to  the  harrow,  I  don't  want  you  back. 
2.  Ballo  delle  -e,  dancing  up  and  down 
on  one's  heels  when  squatted  down  like 
a  toad.    3.  quasi-fig.  dumpy  little  person. 
4.   blow,  or  in  fencing,  lunge;  Una  - 
vecchia,   an    old    wound.     5.    swelling 
from   a  blow.     6.    stroke   of   a   paint- 
brush ;  Dipingere  a  — ,  to  paint  in  dabs ; 
also  quasi-fig.  stroke  of  a  pen  in  writing 
a  story.     7.  Picchiare  una  — ,  to  have 
a  heavy  fall.     8.  discharge  of  a  gun  or 
hit  by  the  same.     9.   Restar  sulla  — , 
(a)  to  die  upon  the  spot,  upon  being  hit, 
(6)  to  be  struck  dumb  with  amazement. 
10.   quip,  gibe,  usu.  Bottata;   —  e  ri- 
sposta,  attack  and  defence.     1 1.  La  —  e 
ita,  i.e.  the  die  is  cast.     12.   A  — ,  or 
A  tutta  — ,  proof  against  all  assaults. 
13.  Cogliere  botta  botta,  or  botto  botto, 
to  hit  every  time  of  firing,  v.  Botto  (5). 

*i.  Dar  la  zampa  delta  — ,  to  ingratiate  oneself 
with,  so  that  one  will  be  refused  nothing,  ii.  — 
scudellaia,  tortoise,  iii.  Di  tutta  — ,  experienced 
(person).  iv.  A  —  per  — ,  from  time  to  time. 
v.  Petto  a  — ,  pistol-proof  leather  jerkin,  vi.  A  — 
di  bomba,  bomb  proof  vii.  assault,  battle,  viii.  lan- 
tern for  hunting  or  fishing  at  night,  ix.  (mus.)  a 
hard  execution,  x.  (net.)  —  di  grascella,  strain  of 
the  hip  joint  in  a  horse,  xi.  in  hydraulics,  Far  -e 
=  Far  bpttaccio,  to  impound  water  for  running  a 
mill.  xii.  =  Bottc. 

Bottaccia  /. ;  pegg.  Botta. 

Bottacciat-a/;  the  water  impound- 
ed in  a  mill-dam.  A  -e,  intermittently. 

Bottaccino  m.  ;  i.  small  cask. 
2.  (arch.)  =  Bastoncino,  moulding  on  an 
Ionic  column,  ^>.  Astragalo. 

Bottaccio  m. ;  i.  mill-pond.  2.  bottle 
of  wine  given  to  the  carter  for  each 
barrel  carted.  3.  song-thrush,  v.  Tordo 
(4)- 

•i.  small  cask.     ii.  (arch.)  =  Astragalo.    iii.   the 
buckets  on  a  wheel  for  raising  water. 

Bottacci&lo  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Bottaccino. 
2.  gumboil  or  other  swelling  about  the 
face.  *As  adj.,  dwarf,  squat. 

*  Bottaglia  /.  (Germanic  batte,  leather  bottle, 
cp.  Fr.  botte);  in//,  high  boots. 

*  Bottagra ;  v.  Bottarga. 
Bottaio  (Bottaro)  m. ;  cooper. 
Bo  t  tame  m. ;  quantity  of  casks. 

*  Bottana  /;  a  kind  of  cotton  doth. 
Bottarga,  Buttarga,  or  Pottarga  (Bottarica, 

Bottagra,  Buttaghera,  Buttagra,  Buttaraga)/  (Ara- 
bic btthar-ka,  said  by  Quatremere  to  be  compounded 
of  old  Coptic  bu  and  Gr.  ripixos,  dried  fish) ;  a  sort 
of  caviar  made  from  mullet,  botargo. 

Bottata  /;  i.  gibe.  2.  serious 
damage.  3.  pretentious  reply  to  a 
question,  esp.  that  of  naming  an  ex- 
cessive price  for  something.  *gunshot. 


BOTTATRICE— BOZZELLO 


97 


Bottatrice  /.;  eel-pout  or  burbot,  Lota  vul- 
fan's,  locally  termed  Bottrisa. 

Bottazzo  in.;  i.  =  Mola,  sunfish.  2.  v.  Bot- 
taccio.  3.  (mar.)  furrings  of  the  timbers. 

Botte/  (cogn.  mlt.  butta,  M.H.G. 
butte,  Fr.  botte,  Proveng.  and  Span.  bota, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Boot ;  the  primary  meaning 
being  vessel  of  leather) ;  i.  cask ;  —  che 
canta,  empty ;  —  muta,  full ;  La  —  pu6 
far  querciola,  the  cask  may  stand  on  its 
head,  i.e.  is  empty ;  Dar  un  colpo  al 
cerchio  e  uno  alia  — ,  to  give  one  blow 
to  the  hoop  and  one  to  the  cask,  i.e.  to 
manage  two  matters  successfully  or  to 
contrive  to  hold  both  parties  to  a  dispute 
to  be  in  the  right  and  so  offend  no  one. 

2.  culvert    carried    under    a    stream. 

3.  (arch.}  A  mezza  — ,  (an  arch)  of  a 
half  circle.    4.  (mar.)  crow's  nest.    5.  at 
Rome,  hired  carriage,  fly.     6.  —  scan- 
nellata,  helmet  shell,  v.  Porcella  (2). 

*i.  Alzare  la  — ,  to  be  at  the  end  of  an  affair, 
ii.  Fa  che  la  —  spilli,  make  the  cask  spout,  i.e.  give 
me  deeds  not  words,  iii.  Fare  il  sedil  di  — ,  to 
make  the  seat  of  a  cask,  i.e.  work  for  others'  benefit. 
iv.  Farsi  legname  da  — ,  to  be  callous  to  insult. 
v.  Stare  p^er  sedile  di  — ,  i.e.  to  serve  for  making 
up  a  required  number  of  persons. 

Botte'g-a/  (L.  apotheca<Gr.  airo- 
6f]Kij);  i.  shop;  La  —  non  vuol  alloggio, 
i.e.  customers  are  not  wanted  to  stay  in 
a  shop  when  their  business  is  done. 
2.  qitasi-fig.  painter's  studio.  3.  ware- 
house. 4.  —  a  vento,  stall.  5.  —  am- 
bulante  or  viva,  hawker.  6.  Bottega ! 
the  call  for  the  waiter,  in  a  cafe".  7.  A  — , 
a  call  to  a  dog,  esp.  a  butcher's  dog, 
that  has  run  off.  8.  Hai  la  —  aperta, 
scherz.  your  clothes  are  unbuttoned. 
9.  Far  — ,  to  make  a  traffic  in  what 
should  be  held  sacred.  10.  Tenere  il 
capo  a  — ,  to  attend  to  what  one  is 
about,  ii.  Ferro  or  Ferraccio  di  — , 
police  spy.  12.  fern' di — ,  implements 
of  a  trade.  13.  hnpiccia  botteghe,  idle 
gossiper.  14.  Mettersi  a  — ,  to  take  to 
a  thing  heartily.  15.  Fare  un  ridosso  a 
una  — ,  to  open  a  shop  in  competition 
out  of  spite,  as  distinct  from  Far 
concorrenza,  to  compete  legitimately. 
16.  Riiornare  a  — ,  =  Tornare  a  bomba, 
to  return  to  the  subject.  17.  Stancare 
le  botteghe,  to  try  all  businesses  in  turn. 
1 8.  Star  bene  a  — ,  to  be  civil  to  cus- 
tomers; Star  di  — ,  to  keep  a  shop, 
v.  Stare  (7).  19.  Sviar  la  — ,  to  disgust 
customers.  20.  Tornar  di  — ,  to  move 
one's  shop.  21.  Stare  a  uscio  e  — ,  to 
be  near  neighbours.  AJf.  -accia /££*,'. 

Bottega-io  in.;  \.  =  Pizzicagnolo, 
provision  dealer.  2.  =Avventore,  cus- 
tomer, esp.  iron.,  person  of  no  account. 
Che  bottegai  !  of  people  who  ask  to  see 
everything  and  buy  nothing;  also  of 
people  who  pester  one  for  a  loan.  Ajf. 
-ia  /,  -ino  dim.,  -iuccio  dim.  spreg. 

Bottegante  m. ;  shopkeeper. 

Bottegh-e'tta  or  -{na  /  ;  dim.  vezz. 
Bottega. 

Botteghino  ;;/. ;  i .  dim.  Bottega. 
2.  office  of  the  public  lottery,  usu.  Banco 
del  lotto.  3.  agent  in  the  lottery  office. 
4-  Far —  di  cose  sante,  to  traffic  in  holy 
things. 

•i.  hawker,  ii.  —  <la  rcni  <!'  un  s;.nto,  portable 
shrine. 

H. 


Botteg-6na  f. ;  auffm.  Bottega.  -6ne  m. ; 
angm.  Bottega,  esp.  meaning  a  large  cafe,  -uccia 
f.\  ditti.  spreg:  Bottega. 

Bottello  ni. ;  printed  matter  occupying  only  a 
small  space,  e.g.  a  motto  on  a  half  sheet  of  letter- 
paper. 

Botticellay:;  dim.  Botte.     'dim.  Botta. 

Botticello  m. ;  dim.  Botte,  esp.  a  vessel  ar- 
ranged for  allowing  water  to  drip  on  to  a  grindstone. 

Botticina/:;  i.  dim.  Botta.     2.  dim.  Botte. 

Botticino/«.;  i.  dim.  Botte.  2.  Quello  del — , 
the  best  wine ;  the  phrase  is  used  mainly  in  the 
nursery  rhyme  Lucciola  lucciola  vien  da  me,  Ti  daro 
del  pan  del  re,  E  del  cacio  marzolino  E  del  vin  del 
botticino. 

Bottfgli-a  /  (mlt.  buticula,  dim.  of 
bntica,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bottle) ;  bottle. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

*  Bottigliere  m. ;  i.  butler,     ii.  wine-maker. 

Bottiglieria  f.  ;  i.  wine-cellar. 
2.  wines.  3.  wine-shop. 

Bottigli-e'tta  -na  dims,  (-na  being 
the  smaller),  -ona  augm.,  -uccia  dim. 
spreg.  of  -a. 

tBottinay?;  gudgeon,  7'.  Ghiozzo  (2,  a). 

Bottinaio  m. ;  one  who  cleans  out  cesspools. 
*Bottinato;   (Soldato)  — ,   who   has   shared   in 
the  spoil. 

Bottiniere  m. ;  watchman  of  an  aqueduct. 

Bottfno  m.  (A)  (It.  botte);  i.  cess- 
pool. 2.  any  chamber  for  water,  esp. 
precipitation  chamber  in  an  aqueduct 
of  drinking-water. 

(B)  (Fr.  butin,  a  word  of  Germanic 
origin,  cp.  M.H.G.  bitten,  Germ.  Beute, 
E.  booty) ;  booty. 

*i.  cistern  of  drinking  water.  ii.  aqueduct. 
iii.  sump  in  a  mine.  iv.  receptacle  for  buttermilk. 
v.  boot.  vi.  Mettere  a  — ,  to  put  in  common 
ownership. 

B6tt-o  m.  (var.oi  Botta);  i.  =  Botta, 
blow,  stroke.  2.  Fare  un  —  a,  to  have 
a  little  game  of...,  lit.  to  have  a  knock 
at;  Facciam  due  -i  al  biliardo,  let  us 
have  a  couple  of  knocks  at  billiards  ; 
Fare  un  —  a'  pugni,  to  have  a  boxing 
match.  The  phrase,  however,  is  not 
limited  to  games  where  there  is  hitting ; 
Facciamo  un  —  alle  carte,  let  us  have 
a  little  game  at  cards.  3.  Di  — ,  sud- 
denly. 4.  In  un  — ,  (a)  in  a  moment; 
(b)  as  in  the  following,  Non  discorrete 
tutti  in  un  — ,  do  not  all  talk  at  once. 

5.  — ,    (a)    by    repeated    strokes, 
(b)  every  time  ;  Chi  fa  a  pugno  con  lui, 

— -,  terra  terra,  anyone  who  boxes 
with  him  will  be  knocked  down  at  once. 
Similarly,  —  —  p'glia  nel  barilozzo,  he 
hits  the  bull's  eye  every  time. 

*  i.  Dare  il  — ,  =  Dar  calci,  to  despise,   ii.  Dare  un 
—  a  una  cosa,  to  take  from  it,  diminish  it.     iii.   Fare 
un  — ,  to  come  to  a  decision,     iv.  =  Botta  or  Rana, 
toad  or  frog. 

Bottola  /. ;    gudgeon,   v.    Ghiozzo 

(2,  «). 

Bottonai-o  m.,  -a/  ;  button  seller. 

Bottonato ;  (herald?)  unexpanded,  in  bud,  like 
the  Florentine  lily,  which  is  both  Bottonato  and 
Bocciolato.  The  rose  is  said  to  be  Bottonata  when 
the  nucleus  of  the  centre  is  of  a  colour  different  from 
that  of  the  rest  of  the  petals. 

*  Bottonatura  ;  v.  Abbottonatura. 

Bottoncello  m. ;  i.  =  Bottoncino,  but 
larger.  2.  (surg.)  in  pi.,  granulations. 

Bottoncino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Bottone. 
2.  shirt-stud.  3.  in  //.,  small  earrings. 
4.  —  di  rosa,  rosebud.  5.  scent-bottle. 

6.  large  pimple. 

•i.  (chem. )  bead.     ii.  instrument  for  blinding. 


Bott6n-e  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  bouton,  Span, 
and  Proveng.  baton,  Portug.  botds,  bit. 
botonus,  of  Germanic  origin  but  exact 
derivation  unknown,  v.  Skeat,  sub  But- 
ton, Bud);  i.  button;  -i  gemelli,  sleeve- 
links.  2.  scent-bottle.  3.  flower-bud. 
4.  ear-ring.  5.  (surg.)  cauterizing  iron. 

6.  (hot.)  (a)  —  d'  argento,  bachelor's 
buttons,  a  cultivated  double  variety  of 
Achillea  Ptarmica,   sneeze   yarrow,  v. 
Erba  (146);  (<$)  =  Piede  di  cornacchia, 
silver  buttons,  v.  Piede  (18,  e);   (c)  — 
d"  oro,  buttercup,  Ranunculus ;  (d)  —  da 
camice,  =  Bocca  di  ciuco,  field  eryngo. 

7.  —  di  una  manivella,  crank-pin. 

*i.  clasp,  ii.  enlargement  in  the  middle  of  the 
stem  of  a  chalice,  iii.  bulb  of  a  thermometer, 
iv.  (surf.)  boil.  v.  (fiharm.)  vessel  for  boiling  or 
macerating,  vi.  in  assaying,  bead  of  silver  which 
remains  in  the  cupel,  vii.  =  Bottata,  gibe.  viii.  Dar 
-i,  to  cross-question,  fix.  knot. 

*  Bottonelle  /.  //.;    filigree  silver   buttons   fas- 
tened to  the  "paternoster"  beads  of  a  rosary. 

BottonierayC ;  i.  row  of  buttons  on 
the  breast  of  a  coat.  2.  the  line  where 
the  buttons  go.  3.  tool  with  hollows  in 
it  on  which  to  beat  a  metal  plate  into 
corresponding  bosses.  4.  (herald.}  half 
moon  with  a  notch  on  the  concave 
border. 

t Bottrisa /.;  v.  Bottatrice. 
*Boturo;«.;  bitumen. 
tBoudroi  m. ;  angler  fish,  v.  Lono. 
Bovarfnay:;  =  Cutti,  wagtail. 

B6ve  in.,  pi.  bovi  or  buoi  (L.  bos) ; 
ox.  Occhio  di  — ,  bull's  eye  window. 
*  =  Boga.  tPesce  — ,  v.  Notidano. 

*BovedayC;  (arch.)  a  sort  of  chained  ornament 
on  an  arch. 

•Bovi  m.  pi.,  or  Bovey://.  (L.  boiat,  v.  Boia); 
chains. 

Bov-ile  m. ;  cattle-stall,   -fno ;  as  E. 
Bovina  /. ;  cattle-dung. 

B6vo  in. ;  (mar.)  two-masted  lateen- 
rigged  vessel  with  bowsprit  or  jib-boom 
used  in  the  Mediterranean. 

B6zz-a_/T  (a  variant  of  Boccia,  y.v.) ; 

1.  rough-hewn  stone;  Muro  a  -e,  wall 
with  rough  bosses  at  intervals.     2.  boss 
of  metal.     3.  =  Abbozzo,  sketch.     4.   in 
pi.,  proof-sheets.     5.   (mar.)  stopper,  a 
short  piece  of  rope  used  to  secure  some- 
thing; —  di  cappone,  rope  for  second 
catting  the  anchor. 

*i.  (sttrg.)  swelling,  ii.  lie,  foolish  story,  iii.  roll 
of  bread. 

Bozzacchio,  Bozzacchidne  or  pop. 
Borzacchio  m.  (A)  (It.  borsa);  swollen, 
withered  plum. 

*(B);  =  Abuzzago,  buzzard. 

Bozzacchiuto ;  small  and  deformed. 
Bozzaccia  / ;  pegg.  Bozza. 

Bozz-ago  or  -agro  ;«.;  —  Poiana,  buzzard. 

*  Bozzale  m. ;  dirty  puddle. 
Bozzaracchio  m. ;  =  Ahavola,  teal. 

Bozz-are;  i.  =  Abbozzare,  to  sketch. 

2.  to  stopper,  tie  up  with  short  ropes, 
Bozze.     3.  Muro  -ato,  wall  with  rough 
stones. 

tBozzatello  rrt. ;  dim.  Bozzo. 
•Bozzaulo   m. ;    a   species  of  hawk,  frob.   the 
buzzard. 

Bozzell-o  m. ;  (nun:)  block  with  one 
or  more  pulleys.  For  the  different 

13 


98 


BOZZERIA— BRACHETTA 


varieties  of  block  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  mar. 
Aff.  -aio  block-maker,  -ame  blocks,  -en'a 
block-shed,  -e"tto  or  -ino  dim. 

*  Bozzeria,  Bocceria,  or  Briccieria/l;  (war.) 
large  beam  running  from  bow  to  stern  beneath  the 
Corsia  of  a  galley,  v.  Corsia. 

Bozzett-fno  m. ;  dim.  of  -o.  *flower- 
bud. 

Bozzetto  m.  (It.  bozza) ;  sketch  for 
a  large  work. 

Bbzzima  (Bosima)  /  (Gr.  an-oft/ia, 
decoction) ;  i.  weaver's  paste  for  soften- 
ing the  web.  2.  bran  paste  for  fowls. 
3.  spreg.  soup,  etc.,  spoilt,  cooked  into 
a  paste.  4.  fig.  any  confused  jumble  or 
dull  and  ill-written  essay. 

*BozzinayI;  Di  mala — ,  hard  to  cook. 
Bozzininingayl;  rattlesnake. 

Bbzzo  m.  (A)  (prob.  a  variant  of 
Botro,  y.v.) ;  pond,  scherz.  the  sea. 

(B);  i.  =  Abbozzo,  sketch.  2.  =  Bozza, 
rough  stone. 

*i.  cuckold,  fig.  brought  to  shame,     ii.  bastard. 
*Bozzolay^;  dim.  Bozza,  swelling. 

Bozzolaccio  m. ;  cocoon  from  which 
the  moth  has  escaped. 

Bozzolaio  m. ;  dealer  in  cocoons. 
Bozzolaraia/ ;  v.  Bozzolaro. 

Bozzolar-o  m.,  -a  (-aia)  /  (bit. 
**  buccellarius  <  L.  buccella,  morsel,  i/. 
Buccellato);  seller  of  sugared  buns. 

B6zzol-o  m.  (A)  (Gr.  /36>/3u£,  silk- 
worm, through  L.  bombyx,  ** bombucius, 
whence  old  It.  *boccio,  *bozzo,  and  so 
as  dim.  Bozzolo);  i.  cocoon  of  the  silk- 
worm or  other  grub;  fig.  Aver  fatto  il 
suo  — ,  to  have  formed  one's  decision. 
2.  lump  in  wool  or  cotton.  3.  lump  in 
flour,  after  mixing  with  water.  4.  short 
fat  person.  5.  in  dyeing,  a  sort  of  spoon 
in  the  shape  of  a  half  cocoon  for  taking 
colouring  matters  from  the  vat.  6.  (bot.) 
-i  di  seta  dei  boschi,  =  Erba  seta  sal- 
vatica, wild  swallow-wort,^.  Erba(i4i). 

*(B)  (var.  of  Bozzpla);  i.  swelling,  ii.  measure 
used  by  a  miller  in  withdrawing  from  the  meal  the 
quantity  to  be  retained  by  him  as  his  payment. 
Buscare  pill  che  su*  -i,  i.e.  to  pay  the  penalty  for 
some  wrong  act. 

Aff.  -dtto  or  -ino  dim.,  -one  augm., 
-6so  lumpy,  -uto  slightly  lumpy. 

Bozz6ne  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  i.  wether 
lamb  of  a  certain  age ;  Quando  suona 
il  campanone  (for  the  feast  of  S.  John, 
June  24)  tutto  1'  agnello  gli  e  — ,  the 
lamb  is  no  longer  young  enough  to  kill. 
2.  as  adj.,  stupid,  heavy. 

-bra,  -bre,  -brio,  -bro ;  terminations 
which  correspond  to  L.  -her,  -bris,  -bra, 
-brium,  -brum,  with  the  meaning  of 
instrumentality,  cp.  Germ,  -bar,  v.  infra, 
-bro. 

Brabanze'se ;  Brabantine. 

Braca/.  (Gallo-Latin  braca,  akin  to 
O.H.G.  bruoh,  trouser,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Breeches ;  probably  also  akin  to  L. 
fragrare,  v.  Walde,  sub  Braca,  Fra- 
grare}; i.  leg  of  a  pair  of  breeches; 
fig.  Gli  cascan  le  brache,  he  is  afraid ; 
Calarsi  le  brache,  to  give  up  the  struggle. 


2.  baby's  diaper.  3.  a  leather  protection 
in  the  form  of  breeches  worn  by  well- 
sinkers,  etc.,  when  let  down  seated  on 
the  bight  of  a  rope.  4.  a  lashing  to 
hold  decoy  birds  in  their  places.  5.  piece 
of  gossip ;  Star  sulle  brache,  to  spy  out 
one's  neighbour's  affairs ;  in  this  sense 
the  word  is  prob.  for  Bracchi,  v.  Bracco. 
6.  Falsa  — ,  a  low  rampart  at  the  foot 
of  the  outer  wall  of  a  fortification  by 
way  of  additional  defence.  7.  in  book- 
binding, a  strip  of  paper  pasted  on  so 
as  to  mend  a  torn  leaf.  8.  (mar.) 
(a)  sling,  (b)  —  del  timone,  rudder- 
chain. 

*i.  strengthening  pieces  of  iron  round  the  cart- 
ridge-cases of  the  old  Petrieri  and  Organi.  ii.  Aiu- 
tare  uno  a  brache  calate,  to  the  uttermost  of  one's 
power,  iii.  Trarsi  or  Levarsi  le  brache,  =  Pensar 
a'  fatti  suoi,  to  think  of  oneself,  iv.  Aver  le  brache 
alle  ginocchia,  to  be  embarrassed,  v.  Prov.  A1  sot- 
tili  cascan  le  brache,  =  Chi  troppo  s'  assottiglia  si 
scavezza,  v.  Scavezzare ;  Esser  come  le  brache  di 
Burleo,  i.e.  to  allow  oneself  to  be  humbugged  by 
everybody. 

Bracagna/;  v.  Bargagno. 

Bracal6n-e  m. ;  i.  sloven,  lit.  man 
with  trousers  slipping  down.  2.  large 
loose  trousers  worn  over  the  others  to 
keep  them  clean.  3.  as  adj.,  slovenly. 
4.  A  -i,  negligently. 

Bracare  ;  to  pry,  or  tr.  pry  into. 

Bracato ;  Grasso  — ,  very  fat. 
*  =  Imbracato,  braced. 

Bracca/. ;  v.  Bracco. 

Braccare ;  i.  to  follow  by  scent. 
2.  fig.  to  seek  after. 

Braccatdr-e  ;«.,  -ay!;  v.  Braccare. 

Braccetto  ;//. ;  i.  A — , arm  in  arm.  2.  (tnar.) 
in  /*/.,  topgallant  and  royal  braces. 

Braccheggi-are  ind.  bracchcggio ;  freg.  Brac- 
care. Ajff.  -atore,  -atora,  -o. 

*  Braccheria/I;  i.  pack  of  hounds,    ii.  confusion 
of  voices. 

Bracchetto  tn. ;  dim.  Bracco. 
Bracchiato;  i.q.  Bracciuto. 

*  Bracchiere  in. ;  huntsman. 
Bracciaddnne  tn.  ;  =  Madreselva,  honeysuckle. 

*  Bracciaiuolay?;  i.  armlet,  piece  of  armour  for 
the  arm.     ii.  shield. 

Bracciale  in. ;  i .  a  toothed  piece  of 
wood  fastened  on  the  arm  for  playing 
at  Pallone.  2.  bar  put  against  a  door 
from  inside  to  keep  it  shut. 

*i.  handcuff,     ii.  bracelet. 

Bracciale'tto  m. ;  bracelet. 
Braccialino  m. ;  dim.  Bracciale  (i). 
Bracciante  tn. ;  labourer. 

Bracciare ;  (mar.)  to  brace.  -  in 
croce,  to  square  the  yards.  —  a  collo, 
in  faccia,  addietro,  or  a  poppa,  to  brace 
aback.  —  di  punta,  to  brace  sharp  up. 
—  in  croce  un  pennone,  to  brace  a  yard 
square.  —  in  panna,  or  in  ralinga,  to 
brace  by.  —  a  destra,  sinistra,  to  brace 
to  starboard,  to  port.  —  avanti,  or  in 
vela,  to  brace  up.  *to  embrace. 

Bracciat-a/  ;  armful.  Di  — ,  as  big 
round  as  a  man  can  clasp.  A  -e,  in 
abundance.  *embrace. 

Bracciatella  /  ;  dim.  Bracciata. 
*a  kind  of  cake. 

*  Bracciatdccia  yC ;  sckerz.  between  augm.  and 
dim.  of  Bracciata,  a  pretty  good  armful. 

Bracciatura/ ;  measurement.  *loop 
in  a  shield  for  the  arm. 


Bracciare  m. ;  i.  escort,  gentleman 
giving  his  arm  to  a  lady.  2.  (hist.) 
squire,  Cavaliere  servente. 

Bracc-ino  ;«.,  with  //.  -ina  f.  or  -ini  ;//. ; 
dim.  vezz.  Braccio. 

Braccio  m.  (L.  brachium) ;  with  //. 
in  lit.  sense  or  in  that  of  a  measure, 
braccia  _/.,  in  other  senses  bracci  m.  \ 

1.  arm.     Besides  many  uses  analogous 
to  similar  uses  in    E.  may  be   noted : 
Dar  --   forte,   to    render    assistance; 
Dar  — ,  to  allow   too   great   freedom, 
e.g.  to  children;    --   di  mare,  straits; 

-  di  terra,  isthmus ;  —  di  ferro,  trial 
of  strength  between  two  people  who 
lock  hands  and  putting  their  elbows 
together  on  a  table  try  which  can  force 
the  other  down;  Predicare  a  — ,  ex- 
tempore preaching;  Fare  alle  braccia,  to 
wrestle.  2.  as  a  measure,  ell,  the  length 
varying  in  different  localities ;  in  Flor- 
ence it  was  0-58  metres.  3.  (mar.) 
(a)  brace,  rope  fastened  to  the  end  of 
a  yard-arm ;  (b)  strengthening  piece  for 
the  ribs  of  a  ship,  futtock;  (c)  =  Passo, 
fathom. 

Bracciblo  m. ;    i.    arm  of  a  chair. 

2.  banister  rail  on  stairs.     3.  (watckm.) 
one  of  the  parts  of  a  watch.     4.  in  //., 
rafters  forming  the  angle  of  a  ridged 
roof.     5.  in  shipbuilding,  knee ;  —  del 
tagliamare,  cheek  of  the  head,  v.  Del- 
fine  (3) ;  —  cappuccino,  standard  of  the 
head. 

Bracc-ione  »«.,  with  pi.  -i6ni  m.  or  -i6na/i; 
augm.  Braccio,  strong  arm.  -idttow. ;  plump  arm. 

*  Bracciuola  f.;  a  variety  of  white  grape. 

*  Bracciuolo   m.  ;    i.  =  Bracciolo.     ii.    bracelet. 
iii.   measuring  staff,  v.  Braccio  (2).     iv.   channel  for 
water   in   a   meadow,      v.    in   constructions,    brace, 
vi.    a  variety  of  vine. 

Bracciuto  or  Bracchiato  :  (bot.)  with  branches 
at  right  angles  to  the  trunk. 

Bracco  ;«.  (O.H.G.  bracco,  akin  to 
L.  fragrare,  v.  Fragrante);  i.  setter, 
foxhound,  any  dog  that  hunts  by  scent. 
2.  fig.  Bracchi  del  boia,  spreg.  po- 
lice agents ;  Tener  i  bracchi  alia  coda 
d'  uno,  to  have  him  watched. 

*  i.  Sciorre  i  bracchi,  (a)  to  speak  without  reserve, 
(^)  to  go  mad.     ii.    —   travestito,  good-for-nothing 
person,     iii.    hangman's  assistant. 

Braccdtto ;  v.  Bracotto. 

Brace  (Bracia,  Brage,  Bragia, 
Brascia)  f.  (cogn.  Provenc..  and  Span. 
brasa,  Fr.  braise;  cp.  O.H.G.  bras,  fire, 
brasen,  to  burn ;  corresponding  words 
occur  in  Icelandic,  etc.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Brasier);  i.  embers.  2.  small  pieces 
of  charcoal,  fig.  Come  1'  e  nera  la  — , 
how  serious  she  looks ;  Far  le  cose  a  — , 
or  Campare  a  — ,  =  alia  peggio,  to  get 
things  done  or  to  get  along  somehow. 

Bracare  m. ;  =  Braciere,  brasier. 

Brache;  i.  v.  Braca.  2.  -  -  di 
Lanzo,  (dot.)  a  variety  of  cabbage  rose. 

Brachelitri  in.  pi. ;  the  rove-beetle  genus  of 
insects. 

Brachesse  f.pl.;  =  Brache,  breeches. 

BracWtta(Braghetta)/;  i.  trouser- 
flap,  when  the  trousers  are  closed  in 
front  by  a  single  piece  buttoned  on 
either  side  at  the  hips.  2.  little  child's 
drawers.  3.  dim.  Braca  (7). 

*i.  dim.  Braca.     ii.   Prffv.  II  buon  ufficiale  deve 
aver  due  cose,  niano  larga  e  —  stretta,  he  who  is  to 


BRACHETTO— BRANTA 


rule  others  must  neither  be  stingy  nor  a  libertine. 
iii.  Aver  uno  nella  — ,  =  Averlo  in  tasca,  to  find  him 
a  nuisance,  iv.  band  tied  round  a  package,  slighter 
than  Imbracatura.  v.  Cercar  a  —  a  — ,  to  seek 
from  door  to  door. 

*Brachetto  w. ;  breeches  or  drawers. 

Brachett6n-e  m.  •  i.  scherz.  person 
with  wide  breeches.  2.  (arch.}  all  the 
ornamental  parts  of  an  arch.  3.  -i  da 
vasca,  dressed  stones  which  form  the 
edging  of  a  reservoir.  *coward. 

Brachiale;  (anat.)  brachial. 
Brachiato;  v.  Bracciuto. 

Brachieraio  m.  •  i.  truss-maker. 
2.  worthless  person. 

Brachiere  m.  (It.  braca);  i.  (med.) 
truss.  2.  Uccelli  col  — ,  birds  beginning 
to  get  out  of  sorts.  3.  tiresome  person. 
4.  =  Sospensorio. 

Brachfna/ ;  dim.  Braca  q.v.  (i)  and 
(6). 

Brachln-o  »/.,  -a 
Braca  (6). 


gossiper,   v. 


•Bracia;  v.  Brace. 


Braciaio  m. ;  charcoal-cupboard. 
Braciaidla/ ;  ashpit  under  a  furnace. 
Braciaiudlo  m. ;  charcoal-burner. 

Braciere  (Bracere,  Braziera)  m. ; 
brazier. 

Bracln-0  m.,  -a/  (It.  brace) ;  i.  char- 
coal-seller, by  retail.  2.  fig.  dirty,  sulky, 
or  underbred  person.  3.  bad  artist. 

Bracibla/  (It.  brace);  i.  fried  slice 
of  meat,  USH.  of  pork.  2.  scherz.  cut  in 
shaving. 

Braciol-etta  dim.,  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  -6na 
angm.,  -uccia  spreg.;  v.  -a. 

Bracidne  m. ;  charcoal  in  large 
pieces. 

Braciudlo  (Bragiuolo)  m. ;  flat  cake 
baked  in  the  embers. 

*  Bracmano  ;  v.  Bramino. 

*  Braco  ;  it.  Brago. 

Bracdn-e  m. ;  augm.  Braca,  inquisi- 
tive person. 

*'•  «'!£"'•  Braca,  breeches,  ii.  =  Bracalone, 
sloven,  iii.  good-for-nothing  person.  Ajff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -cino  dim. 

Bracdtto  or  Bracc6tto  in. ;  (mar.)  pendant,  a 
strong  piece  of  rope  attached  at  one  end  to  the  clew 
of  a  staysail  or  jib  and  having  a  block  at  the  other 
end  through  which  a  jib-sheet  or  staysail  sheet  is 
roved. 

tBracozzo  (Bragozzo,  Bargozzo)  m. ;  fishing- 
smack  in  the  Adriatic. 

•Bradilio;  v.  Bardiglio. 

Bradipo  m.  (Or.  fptStnn);  sloth,  Bradypus 
tridactylus. 

•  Bradire  ;  of  birds,  to  scream,  v.  Braire. 
Brado  (etym.  unkn. ;  perhaps  a  corr.  of  bravo, 

cp.    bit.    bos    bravus,    untamed    ox ;    or  possibly   a 
variant  of  Braido);   of  cattle,  running  wild. 

•  Bradone  m. ;   fold  in  the  bosom  or  near  the 
shoulder  of  a  dress. 

•  Bradume  m. ;  herd  of  wild  cattle. 

•  Braga  f. ;   \.  —  Braca.    ii.  iron  stirrup  to  hold 
the  cartridge  case  of  a  cannon  or  compound  musket, 
v.  Organo  (2)  and  Petriere.     iii.   a  plate  of  metal  to 
prevent  a  gun  from  being  readily  spiked,     iv.  (mar.) 
the  breeching  of  a  gun,  to  check  its  recoil. 

^Bragagna;  «-.  Bargagno. 

•  Brage  ;  ».  Brace. 

•  Bragerola/I ;  artificial  manna,  v.  Manna. 
•Braggiato;  fiery. 

•Braghesse  ///.;  =  Brache,  breeches. 
•Braghetta;  v.  Brachetta. 

•  Braghier-e  or  -o  m. ;  i.  =  Brachiere.     ii.  =  Cin- 
tura,  girdle,     tiii.  (mar.)  heel-rope  of  a  topmast. 

Bragia  f.;  i.  v.  Brace;  Stars!  alia—,  to  stand 
round  the  fire.  ii.  (chem.)  a  kind  of  artificial  char- 
coal which  produces  an  intense  heat.  herd 


•Bragiuolo;  v.  Braciuolo. 

Braglia  /;  (tot.)  i.  dyer's  weed,  Genista 
ttnetoria.  2.  the  term  may  sometimes  refer  to  a 
species  of  pondweed,  Potamogeton  /items  or  to  saw- 
wort,  Serratula  tinctoria. 

•Bragmano  ;«.;  Brahmin. 

Brago  m.  (cogn.  Proveng.  brae  and  old 
Fr.  brai,  mud,  from  Scandinavian  brdk, 
tar ;  owing  to  the  similarity  of  the  two 
semi-liquid  materials) ;  mud,  slime. 

*  Bragone  ;  v.  Bracone. 
Bragdtto  in. ;  {mar.)  topmast-stay. 

t Bragozzo;  v.  Bracozzo. 

Brai  m.  (Fr.  brai,  v.  Brago);  — 
grasso,  asphalt  purified  by  boiling  in 
water.  -  liquido,  residue  of  the  dis- 
tillation of  tar.  —  minerale,  a  mixture 
of  resin  and  tar  for  caulking  ships, 
secco,  a  mixture  of  colophony  and  black 
pitch  or  the  resinous  residuum  of  the 
distillation  of  turpentine. 

*  Braido  (O.  H.G.  f/raiKL.  paratus) ;  active. 

t  BraierayC;  Brayera  antftelmintica,  an  Abys- 
sinian plant  named  after  a  French  physician, 
Dr  Brayer.  Another  name  for  it  is  Cusso. 

"Braire;  to  roar  or  scream,  ?'.  Sbraitare. 

*Braitare;  =  Sbraitare,  to  shout. 

Brama  /  (A)  (prob.  from  O.H.G. 
breman,  to  roar  or  bellow,  cp.  L.  tatrare, 
to  bark,  used  by  Lucretius  in  the  sense 
of  seeking  eagerly) ;  strong  desire. 

(B)  toothed  gilt-head  (fish),  Spans  castaneola, 
locally  termed  Castagnolla,  Occiada  bastarda. 
•Bramangiere /«. ;  tit-bit. 
Bramant6sco;  after  Bramante  (d.  1514). 
Bramasangue;  astxcl.,  death  ! 

Brameggiare  ind.  brame'ggio ;  to 
have  licentious  desires. 

Bramin-o  in. ;  Brahmin.    Aj@.  -ico. 
•Bramito  m.  (O.H.G.  breman,  to   roar);    bel- 
lowing. 

Bramos-o ;  desirous.  Aff.  -fa  or 
-ita  sbs.,  -ino  dim. 

Branca/;  i.  claw,  clutch.  2.  ten- 
tacle. 3.  line  (of  science).  4.  flight  (of 
stairs).  5.  set  of  chains  for  galley- 
slaves  belonging  to  one  oar,  or  the 
galley-slaves  themselves.  6.  branch  (of 
a  tree,  river,  or  coral);  —  di  fuoco, 
(vet.)  touch  with  the  cauterising  iron. 
7.  cleanser  crab,  Cancer  depurator,  lo- 
cally termed  Brancua,  Gambero  del- 
P  ala.  8.  (mar.)  in  //.,  bowline-bridles, 
short  cords  which  attach  the  bowline 
to  the  leech  of  the  sail.  9.  hermit-crab, 
Cancer  Bernhardus. 


*i.  in  //.,  =  Branchine,  gills,     ii.  a  sort  of  Ciam- 
bella  or  flat  cake,  for  children. 

Etynt.  Cogn.  forms  are  Picard.  branke,  Bur- 
gund.  brainche,  Provenc.  braaca  fern,  and  branc 
masc.,  Fr.  branchf,  Wallachian  brSnce,  fore-paw, 
bit.  branca  leonis,  lion's  foot,  a  plant,  in  a  text  of 
the  nth  century.  Diez  observes  that  branca  must 
be  a  very  old  word  and  possibly  belonged  to  Latin 
since  it  is  found  in  Wallachian,  which  was  so  early 
an  offshoot  from  Latin.  He  is  disposed  to  connect 
it  with  Celtic,  cp.  old  Gaelic  brae,  Cornish  brech, 
meaning  "arm";  the  branches  of  a  tree  are  its  arms ; 
v.  Littre,  sub  Braitclte,  Skeat,  sub  Branch. 

Brancamadre  / ;  leading  branch. 

•  Brancaorsina;  v.  Brancorsina. 

*  Brancare  ;  i.  to  seize,     ii.  to  get  by  persistent 
ing.     iii.  to  put  out  branches. 
Brancarella    or    Brancherella   /;    (,,,.,r.) 

cringle,  a  small  piece  of  rope  worked  into  the  bolt- 
rope  of  a  sail  and  containing  a  metal  ring  or  thimble. 


beggin; 


Brancat-a  /; 
or  -ella  dims. 


handful.     Aff.   -ina 


99 

BrancMa  / ;  i.  in  pi.,  gills.    2.  fin. 

Branchino  m,  \  scherz.  hand. 

Brancic-are  ind.  brancico  (It.  bran- 
co) ;  to  feel  a  thing  over.  Aff.  -ame"nto 
handling,  -atura  i.  feeling,  2.  finger- 
mark, -hino  fingerer,  -hfo  fingering, 
-6ne  augm.  clumsy  fingerer. 

Branco  m.  (It.  branca,  orig.  as  much 
as  the  hand  can  clutch) ;  flock  of  sheep, 
etc.,  or  quasi-fig.  troop  of  persons. 

Brancolare  ind.  brancolo  (It.  bran- 
ca) ;  to  grope. 

t  Brancolito ;  =  Aggranchito,  benumbed. 

Brancoldn-e  or  -i  adv.  \  by  feeling. 

*  Branconi ;  crawling  on  all  fours. 

Brancorsina  (Brancaorsina)/:  (mlt.  branca  ur- 
stna,  bear's  paw);  (bot.)  acanthus  or  brankursine, 
v.  Erba  (75). 

Brancuccia/;  dim.  Branca. 

Branda/  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps  from 
It.  brandone,  regarded  as  an  augmen- 
tative, v.  Brandone);  i.  camp  bed, 
folding  bed.  2.  (mar.)  hammock. 

Brandeggiare  ind.  branddggio ;  to 
train  a  gun.  *  =  Brandire,  to  swing. 

Brande'ggio  m.;  Dar  —  a,  i.  to 
train  (a  gun).  2.  (mar.)  to  ease  (the 
(helm). 

Brandell-o  m.  (dim.  form  cogn.  with 
Branda,  q.v.);  little  piece,  scrap.  A_ff. 
-eato,  -ino  dims.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*  Brandemborgo  m. ;  cloak  with  long  sleeves ; 
the  term  is  from  the  German  province  where  it  was 
formerly  worn. 

•Brand!  m. pi.;  dance  music,  v.  Brando. 

Brand-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  brando) ; 
i.  to  brandish.  2.  to  sway;  Questo 
pavimento,  a  ballarci,  brandisce,  this 
floor  sways  up  and  down  when  it  is 
danced  upon. 

•  Brandistocco  m. ;   (mar.)  i.    boarding  pike, 
ii.    in  pi.,  arquebusiers  guarding  dangerous  places. 

Branditdre  m. ;  v.  Brandire. 

Brando  m. ;  i.  (poet.)  sword.  2.  Dare 
il  — ,  to  set  (a  machine  or  heavy  object) 
in  motion. 

*a  i7th  century  dance  for  two  couples,  also  termed 
Gagliarda.  tpower  derived  by  a  man  from  beine 
tall. 

Etym.  In  the  sense  of  sword  from  O.H.G. 
brant,  firebrand,  from  the  flashing  of  the  sword, 
cp.  E.  brand.  In  sense  (2)  it  seems  referable  to 
Brandire,  which  is  itself  from  Brando,  sword,  and 
the  name  of  the  dance  is  also  presumably  from 
Brandire,  expressing  the  swaying  movements. 

•Brandone m.;  i.  scrap,  ii.  firebrand,  iii.  tongue 
of  flame. 


Brancherelle;  v.  Brancarelle. 
Branchettinay;;  dim.  Branca. 
Branchett-o  dim.,  -fno  sitb-dim,  of  Branco, 


Etym.  O.H.G.  brato  augm.  brSton,  fleshy 
part,  pulp,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  was  piece  of 
meat,  which  was  extended  to  a  piece  of  cloth.  Out 
of  Brandone  the  word  Branda  seems  to  have  been 
formed,  as  if  Brandone  had  been  its  augmentative, 
meaning  the  strip  of  canvas  stretched  on  a  frame  by 
way  of  a  hammock,  and  so  to  have  obtained  its 
present  signification  of  camp-bed.  The  derivation 
of  a  few  correlated  words  may  be  conveniently  noted 
here,  viz.  Brandello  (with  variants  Brindello,  Bren- 
dolp)  dim.  of  Branda,  little  piece  of  cloth  or  of  meat, 
whilst  from  Brindello  the  sub-dim.  *•  Brindicello  was 
formed,  subsequently  contracted  to  Brincello. 

•Braniay:  (Span,  brana,  that  which  falls  from 
the  trees);  i.  terraced  ground  on  a  hill,  as  it  were 
caught  in  falling,  ii.  any  strip  of  flat  ground. 

Bran-o  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  cogn. 
to  old  Fr.  braon,  Proveng.  bradon,  scrap, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Brawn);  scrap,  shred. 
Levare  i  -i  di,  to  find  great  fault  with. 

•Brant a  f.\  =  Bernacla,  barnacle  goose.  The 
term  may  be  corr.  from  Branca,  branch,  so  that 
the  orig.  meaning  would  be  tree-goose,  cp.  Germ. 
Baumgans,  Dutch  bootngans ;  the  curious  myth  as 
to  the  bird's  development  from  the  barnacle  cirriped, 
Lepas  atiati/era,  having  been  widespread. 

13—2 


IOO 


BRANZIN— BRIGA 


tBranzin  ;//.;  =  Labrace,  bass  fish. 
*  Brasa  f. ;  -  lirace,  embers. 

Brasca  /   (A)   (L.   brassica) ;   (hot.) 

1.  cabbage,  Brassica  oleracea,  usu.  Ca- 
volo.    2.  pondweed,  Potamogeton  lucens. 

(B)  (Fr.  brasque,  which  is  from  the 
Milanese  trasca,  to  kindle,  cp.  It.  Brace, 
y.v.);  i.  crucible  lined  with  refractory 
material  to  stand  high  temperatures. 

2.  small  charcoal,  v.  Ringrana. 

t  Braschette  f.  fl. ;  small  leaves  of  cabbage. 


boy  employed  in  an 


Braschfno  m. 
ironworks. 

*  Brascia  ;  v.  Brace. 

Brasile;*.;  i.  Brazilian  snuff.  2.  Brazil-wood, 
that  of  the  Caesalpinia  echinata,  used  to  produce  a 
red  dye.  The  name  was  given  to  the  wood  from  its 
colour,  the  Portug.  braza  meaning  ember,  v.  Brace, 
and  it  is  said  that  King  Emanuel  of  Portugal  gave 
Brazil  its  name  on  account  of  its  producing  this 
wood.  Also  called  Brasiletto,  though  this  is  strictly 
the  inferior  product  of  other  species  of  Caesalpinia. 

Brasiletto  m.;  v.  Brasile  (2). 

Brasilianay. ;  Brazilian  topaz. 

Brasilina  f, ;  extract  of  Brazil-wood. 
*BrattayC;=Morchia,  oil  dregs. 

Brattare ;  (mar.)  to  scull  (with  one  oar,  over 
the  stern  of  a  boat). 

Brattea/  (L.  bractea);  (bet.)  bract. 
*Bratte-ato;  i.  (bot.)  with  bracts,  ii.  of  bad 
money,  overlaid  (with  gold  or  silver),  iii.  -ateyl  £1. ; 
peculiar  coins  struck  so  as  to  stamp  the  impression 
on  both  sides,  convex  on  one  side,  concave  on  the 
other ;  they  were  used  in  Germany  from  the  loth  to 
the  i4th  century ;  there  is  a  collection  of  them  in 
the  museum  at  Berlin. 

*Bravayl;  i.  (hot.)  a  kind  of  vetch,     ii.  a  dance, 
or  its  music. 

Brav-acciata^  ;=-azzata.  -accio  m. : 
pegg.  of  -o.  -accione  m. ;  augm.  pegg. 
of -o.  -amfinte adv.  -are  i.  to  threaten. 
2.  to  defy,  -ata  f. ;  piece  of  bravado, 
-azzata/;  i.  boast.  2.  piece  of  dis- 
play, -azzdne  m. ;  swaggerer. 

Braveggiare  ind.  bravdggio;  i.  to 
bluster.  2.  of  a  horse,  to  be  frisky. 

Brav-eria  (/.?.  -ata),  -etto<//m.,  v.  Bravo. 
Braviere  in. ;  =  Strilloz/o,  corn  bunting. 
Bravino;  dim.  Bravo. 

*  Bravio  in.  (Gr.  flpapelov,  through  Lat.) ;  prize 
in  the  circus  games. 

Brav-0  (mlt.  bravus^  further  etyin. 
unkn.;  the  primary  meaning  was  "wild"; 
Korting  is  disposed  to  refer  the  word  to 
L.  barbarus);  i.  capable,  clever,  fine; 
Alia  -a,  with  a  few  skilful  strokes. 
2.  courageous.  3.  as  s6.,  hired  cut- 
throat. 

*i.  (animal)  not  broken  in.     ii.  wild  (scenery). 

Bravdne  m. ;  great  boaster. 

Brav-ura  or  -uria  /;  i.  skill. 
2.  bravery. 

Brazzera/T;  coasting  vessel  in  the  Adriatic. 

-bre  suffix ;  v.  -bra. 

Breccia  /  (Fr.  breche  <  O.H.G. 
brechA,  rocks  in  the  bed  of  a  torrent ; 
root  brech,  akin  to  E.  break) ;  I.  breach 
made  in  a  wall.  2.  the  fragments  made 
in  effecting  a  breach.  3.  fig.  Far  — ,  to 
make  an  impression.  4.  broken  stones 
for  road-mending  or  lying  in  the  bed  of 
a  torrent,  etc.  5.  (geol.)  breccia,  rock 
composed  of  angular  fragments  firmly 
cemented  together. 

Brecciato;  v.  Breccia  (5). 
Breccioldtto  in. ;  =  Occhione,  stone  curlew. 
Brecci6so ;  stony,  v.  Breccia  (4). 
Bredindino    in. ;    (mar.)  =  Paranco    di   stiva, 
tackle  for  lowering  things  into  the  hold. 
Breee ;  imit.  from  a  person  shivering. 


Brefptrofio  m.  (Gr.  /3pe'<f>os,  T/>o<f>eIoi')  ;  found- 
ling hospital. 

'Breglia/:;=Briglia,  bridle. 
t  Bregliecare  ;  to  stand  gaping. 

*  Bregma  m.  (Gr.)  ;  the  top  of  the  skull. 
Breina/;;  a  kind  of  resin. 

Breloc  m.  (Fr.  brtloque)  ;  =  Meda- 
glioncino,  trinket. 

Br6ma  /  ;  (geogr.)  Bremen. 

Bremo  m.  ;  plaited  cord  of  esparto  fibres. 
t  Brenciolare  ;  =  Sbrendo!are,  to  tear  to  tatters. 
tBrenciolo    or    Brendolo    in.    (v.    Brandone, 
*•/?>«.);  =  Sbrendolo,  dirty  rag. 

Brenna  f.  (Slav  word)  ;  old  horse, 
jade. 

Brent-a/.  ;  wine  keg.   AJf.  -fna  dim. 

Brentoli  in.  ;  (bat.)  heather  of  any  species. 
Brenuzio  in.  ;  a  Turkish  garment. 

Breniilecc-a  /,  -o  m.  •  person  in 
tatters. 

t  Brescia  yl;  =  Brezza,  breeze. 
*BrescialdayT;  woman  of  bad  character. 
*Bresciana/;;  i.  thin  iron  stake,     ii.  sloven. 

*  Bresciare  ;  to  mend. 

*  Brescidlda  f.\  sloven. 

Breslavia  /  ;  (geogr.}  Breslau,  in 
Prussia. 

BressayC;  Terreni  della  —  ,  certain  freshwater 
deposits  forming  part  of  the  sub-Apennine,  which 
are  mainly  marine. 

t  Bressanella  f.  \-  Sanguinerola,  minnow. 

Bretagna/;  (bat.)  double  hyacinth,  p.  Gia- 
cinto  (i,  b). 

Bretdnico  tn.  ;  the  old  Breton  language. 

Bret&lle///.  (Fr.  bretelle,  cp.  O.H.G. 
brctlan,  to  squeeze)  ;  =  Bertelle,  braces. 

*  Brettesca  /  ;  =  Bertesca,  tower. 

Brettina/  (O.H.G.  bnttil,  bridle)  ;  =  Redine, 
rein. 

*Bretto;  i.  =  Brullo,  bare.  ii.  wretched,  iii.  stolid. 
iv.  A  —  ,  =  A  iosa,  in  abundance. 

*  Brettonicayl;~Betonica,  betony. 

*  Brevaiolo  ;«.;  person  sent  to  revise  the  statutes 
of  a  religious  foundation. 


(L.  brevis,  root  bragh,  to 
break  short);  short.  As  sb.  :  i.  Papal 
brief.  2.  a  little  make-up  of  embroi- 
dered silk,  usu.  oval;  and  used  on  festival 
days  to  tie  round  a  child's  neck. 
3.  (mus.)  breve.  4.  (hist.)  the  statutes 
of  a  corporation. 

*i.  letter  from  a  prince,  ii.  amulet,  iii.  =  Abitino, 
scapulary.  iv.  =  Brevetto.  v.  registration  book. 
vi.  strip  of  paper  or  parchment  with  an  inscription 
on  it. 

Brevemente;  ».  Breve. 

Brevetto  m.;  i.  decree  of  nomina- 
tion to  military  or  sometimes  other 
office.  2.  patent  ;  Ha  il  —  ,  he  has  a 
patent,  said  of  a  person  constantly  run- 
ning risks  but  never  getting  into  trouble. 

*  Breviale  in.  ;  =  Breviario. 

Breviario  >n.  (L.  breviariuiii,  abridgment); 
breviary. 

*i.  summary,  ii.  compendium  of  Roman  Law 
compiled  by  order  of  Alaric  II.  iii.  place  where 
Brevi  were  kept. 

*  Breyicello  ;;/.;  i.  little  amulet,     ii.  limed  twig 
for  catching  birds. 

Breviloquenza_/;;  conciseness. 
Bre  vita  f.\  brevity. 

Bre'zza/  (cogn.  Fr.  brtse,  Span,  and 
Portug.  brisa,  of  unkn.  orig.)  ;  breeze. 

Brezz-etta,  -ettfna,  or  -olinartVw.  ;  ?•.  Brezza. 
*Brezzolone  m.;   i.   strong  wind.     ii.  =  Infred- 
datura,  cold. 

Brezz6ne  m.\  augm.  Brezza.     tchilly  person. 

*  Brta  f.  ;   Fuor  di  —  ,  =  Fuor  di  misura,  beyond 
bounds. 


;  drunkenness.    Aver  la  —  , 
Jig.  to  be  staggered  with  emotion. 


Briacaccio ;  pegg.  Briaco. 

Briachella  f.\  scherz.  i.  dim.  Briaca.  2.  as 
if  it  were  a  proper  name.  Ecco  qua  il  nostro  bria- 
chella,  here  is  our  toper. 

Briachello  m.  ;=  Briachella,  toper. 

Briachite  f,  ;  scherz.  drunkenness,  lit.  drink- 
itis. 

Briac-o,  for  TJbriaco;  i.  drunk; 
Voler  la  botte  piena  e  la  moglie  -a, 
i.e.  to  want  to  eat  your  cake  and  have  it. 
2.  infatuated.  3.  Animelle  -he,  sweet- 
breads cooked  with  wine. 

Briac-one,  -6na  ;  avgms.  of  Briaco. 
Brianzolo;  of  Brianza,  a  district  of  Lombardy. 

*  Bricayl;=  Briga,  trouble. 

•Bricca/  (A);  she-ass.    (B)  (O.H.G.  brechan, 
v.  Breccia) ;  wild  rocky  place. 

v  Briccaldone  in. ;  low,  dirty  fellow. 
Bricche"tt-o  ;  dim.  Bricco.    Aff.  -1110,  sub-dim. 

Briccica/  (var.  of  Briciola);  trifle. 

Briccicare  ind.  bn'ccico;  to  waste 
time  on  trifles. 

t Briccic6ccay^;  =  Biccicucca,  half-ruined  fort. 

*  BriccieriayC;  (mar.)~  Bozzeria,  beam  support- 
ing the  deck. 

Bricco  m.  (A)  (<Fr.  brique,<'E.. 
brick,  <  A.S.  brice,  fragment,  root  bhrag, 
to  break,  v .  Skeat,  sub  Brick) ;  squared 
stone  for  building. 

(B)  (Arabic  ibriq,  phial) ;  metal 
coffee-pot. 

(0)  (mlt.  buricus<  Gr.  nvppixos,  red- 
dish, <  7rO/>,  fire,  a  term  extended  in 
Latin  to  all  ponies  of  whatever  colour, 
and  finally  to  donkeys,  cp.  Fr.  bour- 
rique);  i.  donkey,  mule,  or  old  horse. 
2.  =  Becco,  fool. 

*  Briccola   /.    (A)    (cogn.    bit.     tricola,     Span. 
brigota,    Fr.    bricole,    perhaps    connected   with    the 
Germanic  root  brecfi,  v.   Breccia) ;  (mit.)  catapult. 

(B);=  Bricca,  she-ass. 

Briccon-accio  pegg.  but  more  or  less 
scherz.,  confounded  rascal,  -ata,  -C^llo 
dim.  vezz. ;  v.  Briccone. 

Bricc6n-e  m.,  -a/  (etym.  dub.,  per- 
haps <  O.H.G.  breco,  robber,  cp.  Germ. 
Ver-brecher,  sinner,  root  brech,  to  break); 
rascal,  usu.  scherz.  unless  emphasized 
by  an  epithet. 

Bricconeiia  f. ;  piece  of  rascality. 

'  Brici-ay^,  -o  in.  (firob.  Germanic,  f'.   Breccia); 
=  Briciola,  crumb. 

t  Brief  no  w.;=Briciolino,  scrap.     Fare  a  — ,  to 
be  stingy. 

Bliciol-a  /  (dim.  Bricia);  crumb. 
Tirar  su  uno  a  -e  di  pane,  to  bring  him 
up  with  all  possible  kindness,  but  for 
one's  own  ends. 

Briciol-0  m. ;  tiny  piece.  Aff.  -ino 
dim. 

*  Brida  f.  ;   i,  =  Briglia,  bridje.     ii.    a  grappling 
machine  used  in  sieges,  or  a  similar  kind  of  machine 
for  dredging. 

Briettino  in. ;  sub-dim.  Brio,  vivacity. 

*  Brieve  in. ;  i.  r-.  Breve,     ii.   letter,     iii.   note- 
book. 

*BriffaIda  f.  (akin  to  Birba,  g.v.)\  woman  of 
bad  character. 

Briga  (Brica)  /  (cogn.  Fr.  brigue, 
Provenc;.  and  Span,  brega,  Portug.  and 
bit.  briga;  origin  unkn.);  trouble.  At- 
taccar  brighe,  to  pick  quarrels.  Non 
si  piglia  una  —  al  mondo,  i.e.  he  is  a 
selfish  fellow. 

*  i.   war ;   Muovere  a  — ,  to  battle,    ii.   A  — ,  = 
Appena,  scarcely,     iii.    Sposare  una  — ,  to  under- 
take an  unpleasant  business. 


BRIGADIERE— BROCCHINO 


101 


Brigadiere  ///.  (Fr.  brigadier  <  brigade  <  It. 
brigata);  sergeant  of  police,  or  the  like.  As  adj., 
Colonnello  —  ,  colonel  commanding  a  brigade. 

Brigantaggio  m.  ;  brigandage. 
Brigante  m.  (It.  brigare);  brigand. 

i.  intriguer,  ii.  mercenary  in  the  pay  of  a 
noble,  iii.  boon  companion,  iv.  sedition-monger. 
v.  devil. 

Brigant-ello,  setters,  mischievous  boy,  -esco, 
-essa,  -6nertW£w.;  v.  Brigante. 

BrigantinayT;  r.  coat  of  mail.  2.  (mar.)  back- 
sail,  spanker,  v.  Randa  (AX 

Brigantmo  m.  (It.  brigante,  therefore  orig.  a 
corsair);  (mar.)  brig,  two-masted  ship  with  square 
rig.  —  a  palo,  bark,  three-masted  ship,  whose  main 
and  fore-masts  are  square-rigged,  t  In  Italian 
Austria,  brigantine,  ship  with  one  square-rigged 
and  one  schooner-rigged  mast. 

Brig-are  (It.  briga);  to  intrigue. 

*i.  to  employ,  ii.  to  strive,  iii.  =  Gestiret  to 
make  gestures,  iv.  to  wage  war;  -arsi,  to  strive; 
-arsi  a,  to  attend  to. 

Brigat-a  /;  I.  party  of  friends. 
2.  (mil.)  brigade.  3.  covey  of  birds. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.%  -ella  or  -ina  dims.) 
-uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Brigatdre  ///.  ;  intriguer. 

Brigh&lla  m.  \  i.oneoftheMaschere, 
or  character-masks,  of  the  Italian 
theatre,  who  speaks  in  the  Brescian 
dialect,  u.  Maschera.  2.  person  who 
makes  an  ass  of  himself  in  trying  to  be 
funny.  3  Non  mi  far  il  —  ,  don't  play 
me  any  tricks,  keep  your  word  to  me. 

*Brigiare,  *Brigidare;  to  smash. 
Brigid-inaio  ;«.  ;  seller  of  -ini. 

Brigidino  m.  ;  i.  small  spiced  cake, 
orig,  made  by  the  nuns  of  S.  Brigida. 
2.  cockade  (in  a  footman's  hat,  the 
cockade  being  like  the  cake  in  shape). 

*Brigidio  m  .  ;  =  Brividio,  shudder. 

Brigiolino  m.  ;  a  species  of  fungus. 
tBrigidtto;  v.  Brogiotto. 

Briglia  /  (O.H.G.  brittit)  ;  i.  bridle. 
2.  (med.)  inflammatory  fibres  blocking 
a  duct.  3.  (war.)  —  del  bombresso, 
bobstay  ;  —  di  flocco,  di  contro  flocco, 
jib  (flying  jib)  martingale. 

*  Ruzzare  or  Scherzare  in  —  ,   said  of  one  who 

cither  laments  himself  in  prosperity  or  rejoices  in  the 
midst  of  adversity. 

Brigliaddro  m.  ;  orig.  Roland's  horse  in  the 
poems  of  chivalry,  hence  generally,  fine  horse. 

Brigliett-a  or  -ina/;  dims,  of  Briglia. 

BrigH6ne  or  Brigliozzo  /«.  ;  augms.  of  Briglia. 

*  Brigoso  ;  i.  troublesome,     ii.  litigious. 
Brimowr.;  dim.  Brio. 

Brilla  _/^;  millstone  made  of  marble  with  a  cork 
bottom,  for  grinding  rice  so  as  to  remove  the  husk. 

Etytn.  dub.  It  is  not  known  whether  Brilla  is  a 
vbsto.  of  Brillare,  to  husk  rice,  or  vice  versa.  If  the 
former  is  the  case  the  source  of  the  term  may  be 
the  same  as  that  of  Birillo  or  Pirolo,  the  millstone 
being  named  from  its  spinning  round  ;  if  on  the 
other  hand  the  verb  is  the  primary  form  the  word 
is  probably  Germanic,  referring  to  the  crushing  of 
the  rice. 

*Brillamento   ;«.  ;    i.    v.    Mrillare.      ii.    empty 
applause. 

Brillant-are  ;  i.  to  cut  (a  diamond). 

2.  to   overlay   sweetmeats   with    clear 
sugar.     3.   -ato,  set  with  brilliants. 

Brillante  m.\  i.  brilliant,  cut  dia- 
mond. 2.  actor  taking  a  gay  part. 

3.  as  adj.)  brilliant.    *  powerful  (poison). 


Brillant-ino  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  s 


g.,  of  -e. 


Brillare;  i.  to  glitter.  2.  to  hover 
quivering,  as  a  lark.  3.  fig.  to  be  con- 
spicuous; —  per  la  sua  assenza,  to  be 
conspicuous  by  his  absence.  4.  Brilla 
il  core  dalla  gioia,  the  heart  dances  for 


joy.     5.   —  il  riso,  to  husk  rice  with 
the  Brilla. 

*i.  of  the  brain,  to  whirl,  ii.  to  be  Brillo,  half 
drunk,  iii.  to  fire  (a  mine). 

Etym.  In  the  sense  of  shining,  hovering,  etc. 
the  word  seems  to  be  a  contraction  of  **  berillare,  to 
glitter  like  a  beryl,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Brilliant.  For  the 
rice-grinding,  derivation  has  been  suggested  from  a 
form  ** '  briculare,  of  Germanic  origin,  cp.  Breccia, 
and  Bricco  (A);  ?'.  supra  Brilla. 

Brill-atoio  ;«.;  a  wooden  instrument  for  husk- 
ing rice.  -aturayC;  the  husking  or  the  price  paid 
therefor. 

Brillo  or  Birillo  (A)  (L.  e&rius, 
through  2^  dim.  **ebriolusQ\**ebrillus)\ 
i.  half  drunk.  As  sb. :  2.  Aver  il  — , 
when  the  ball  at  Pallone  quivers  in 
the  air,  not  having  been  truly  struck. 
3.  osier,  v.  Salcio  (b). 

*(B)  =  berillo,  beryl. 

Brina/  ;  hoar-frost.  £  venuta  la  — , 
i.e.  the  hair  is  turning  white. 

Etym.  L.  pruina  for  **firusina,  root  freus,  to 
prize,  also  to  burn,  cp.  Gothicyr/Mj,  frost,  L.  prurio, 
to  tingle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Frost,  Prurient. 

BrinaiudlayC;  (bat.)  stinking  goosefoot,  Cheno* 
podium  vulvaria. 

Brinare ;  to  form  hoar-frost. 

Brinc&ll-O  (Birincello)  ;//.  (for  etym. 
v.  Brandone) ;  scrap.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Brinci-0  (prob.  for  **Frincio,  ?>. 
Frignare);  Bocca  -a,  mouth  ready  to 
cry. 

*  Brincolo  in. ;    some  kind  of  game,     t  counter 
(at  cards). 

t  Brindaccolay?;  slatternly  gossiping  woman. 

Brind&ll-O  m.  (for  etym.v.  Brandone); 
tatter.  Seminar  -i,  to  be  all  in  tatters. 

Brindelldne  ;//. ;  i.  person  untidily 
dressed.  2.  tall  but  clumsily  built 
person  with  awkward  gait. 

*  Brindezzare  ;  to  drink  healths. 

Brfndisi  m.  (Germ,  bringe  dtfs,  I 
bring  it  to  you);  I.  toast,  to  a  person's 
health.  2.  music,  etc.,  in  accompani- 
ment thereto. 

t  Brfndolo  w.;=Brindello,  tatter. 

*  Brino  m. ;  short  for  Brigantino. 

*  Brinoso  ;  covered  with  hoar-frost. 

Brio  m. ;  vivacity,  vigour. 

Etym.  dub.  Kither<L.  ebtius,  or  more  probably 
<Celtic  sources,  cp.  Irish  brigh,  substance,  essence. 

Briofillo  m.  \  (hot.)  sprout-leaf,  Bryophyllum 
calycinum,  a  plant  of  the  Indian  archipelago. 

Briologiay^  (Gr.  ftpvof,  moss);  bryology,  study 
of  mosses. 

Bri6ne  ;//.;  (war.)  fore  foot  of  a  ship. 

Bri6nia/i  (Gr.  ftpvu,  to  grow  luxuriantly,  root 
gru,  to  sprout,  cp.  O.H.G.  chrut*  >Germ.  Kraut); 
—  bianca,  white-oerried  bryony,  Bryonia  alba,  also 
termed  Pianta  delle  fate,  v.  Pianta  (4,  b). 

Brios-am6nte,  -£tto  dim.)  -fno  dim. 
vezz,,  -ita,  -o;  v.  Brio. 

Brisato ;  {herald,},  Capriolo  — ,  broken,  i.e. 
with  the  two  pieces  not  meeting  in  the  middle. 

*  Brisciamento  m.  ;=Tremito,   Ribrezzo,  shud- 
der. 

*  Brisciare  ;  =  ScegUerc,  to  choose. 

Briscol-a/i ;  i.  a  card  game  for  two 
or  four,  three  cards  being  dealt  to  each 
player  and  one  turned  up  which  is  the 
Briscola  or  trump;  every  card  of  that 
suit  is  also  termed  Briscola;  —  chi- 
acchierina,  the  four-handed  game  when 
the  partners  may  consult  how  to  play ; 
-  muta,  when  no  consultation  is  al- 
lowed; Ammiccar  — ,  to  signal  one's 
cards  to  one's  partner  by  facial  or  bodily 


signs ;  Non  so  com3  &  fatta  -— ,  i.e.  I  have 
never  had  a  trump ;  Contare  quanto  il 
due  di  —  quando  1'  asso  e  in  tavola, 
i.e.  to  count  for  nothing.  2.  in  //., 
blows;  Giocare  a  — ,  scherz.  to  hit, 
strike.  Also  fig.  scherz.  a  good  scold- 
ing. 

Aff.  -are  to  thrash,  -ata  game  at 
Briscola,  -ma  or  -mo  dim.  small  trump, 
-6ne  high  trump,  -6tto  or  -otta  dim. 
smallish  trump,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.  poor 
trump. 

Etym.  In  sense  of  thrashing  prob.  <M.H.G. 
britze  (>  Germ.  Pritsche,  a  harlequin's  wooden 
sword),  possibly  akin  to  O.  H.G.  bret^  a  board. 
Briscola,  as  trump  card,  may  have  been  so  named 
as  being  that  which  thrashes  the  others. 

Brisura  f. ;  (fie raid.)  a  piece  introduced  into 
arms  borne  by  younger  sons,  or  by  bastards. 

Brividio  ///. ;  continued  shivering. 

Brivido  m.  (etym.  unkn.)'t  shivering. 

Brizay^;  (bat.)  quaking  grass,  Brisa-. 
Brizzatino  m.  \  a  species  of  fungus. 

Brizzolato  (for  **  briciolato)  ; 
speckled  (lit.  covered  with  Briciole, 
crumbs),  t  pock-marked. 

Brizzolatura  /  ;  speckled  marking. 

-broor  -brio,  an  instrumental  suffix,  =  L.  -brunt, 
-brinm,  corresponding  to  Indogerm.  -dAtv,>Gr.  -Opo, 
as  oAeflpos,  AoAijtfpo^ ;  the  sense  is  that  of  means,  tool, 
thus  Candelabrum t  holder  for  a  candle,  Tere-bra, 
tool  to  bore  with.  It  may  also  be  passive,  =  that 
which  is  tooled,  as  in  Sciavero. 

*  Brobbio  or  Brobbrio  in. ;  =  Obbrobrio,  re- 
proach. 

Brocarday?;  legal  maxims  compiled  by  Bur- 
chardt  (Burcardus)  bishop  of  Wurms  in  the  eleventh 
century,  cp.  Fr.  brocard. 

Brocardico;  difficult  (point). 

Br6cca/  ;  jug.  Pianta  da  brocche, 
(bot.)  pitcher  plant,  Nepenthes^  also 
termed  Bandana. 

*i.  spring  shoot  at  the  end  of  a  branch  or  sucker 
from  the  stock,  ii.  long  cane  split  into  several  parts  at 
the  top,  spreading  out,  for  picking  figs,  etc,  iii.  centre 
of  a  target,  iv.  Dare  in  — ,  =  Imbroccare,  of  a  bird, 
to  alight  on  the  top  of  a  tree.  v.  Andar  di  — ,  to 
go  well.  vi.  stud  on  the  cover  of  a  book  or  on 
stuffed  furniture,  vii.  Di  — ,=Di  tratto,  at  once, 
at  a  glance,  fviii.  —  da  ribattere,  rivet,  fix.  — 
per  fodera  di  carena,  (mar.)  sheathing  nail. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  mlt.  broca,  tap  of  a  cask  which 
may  be  akin  to  mlt.  brocthae^  wooden  stakes,  and  to 
]..  broccus,  pointed,  v.  Brocco,  so  that  the  literal 
sense  of  Brocca  would  be  that  of  ju§  with  a  spout. 
Cp.  Skeat,  sub  Broach,  Brooch  and  Littre,  sub  Broc, 
ft  roc  he.  In  some  of  the  obsolete  senses  of  Brocca  it 
would  seem  to  belong  directly  to  L.  broccus. 

*Broccaglio  m.\  i.  drill,  boring  tool.  ii.  iron 
rod  with  two  sharp  points  to  stick  into  a  material  to 
be  ruled  with  lines. 

*Broccardo ;  v.  Brocarda.  As  sb.t  straight 
shooting  gun,  v.  Imbroccare. 

*Broccare  (v.  Brocca  etym.);  i.  to  spur.  ii.  to 
embroider  with  gold  and  silver,  iii.  to  sprout. 

*Broccaroor  Broccaio  w.;  maker  of  Brocche. 

*  Broccata  f.\  \.  prick  with  a  spur.    ii.  attempt. 

Broccatello  m.\  i.  a  light  kind  of 
brocade.  2.  a  variety  of  red  marble 
speckled  with  other  colours. 

Broccatino  m. ;  i.q.  Broccatello  (i). 

Broccato  m.  (It.  broccare,  see  also 
Brocca  efym.);  gold  or  silver  brocade. 
*i.  palisade,  ii.  as  tidj.,  brocaded. 

*  Broccetta  f. ;  jewel  in  the  form  of  a  stud. 
Brocchettayi;  dim.  Brocca. 
Brocchetto  m.\  dim.  Brocco. 

Brocchi^re  m.  (bit.  bucula,  orig. 
cheek-piece  of  a  helmet,  then  boss  of  a 
shield,  v.  Buccola) ;  shield  with  a  spike 
in  the  centre,  for  attack  or  defence. 

BrocchinayC;  dim.  Brocca. 
Brocchino  m.;  dim.  Brocco. 


102 


BROCCIA— BRUCIATICCIO 


*Broccia  f,  (A);  i.  fruit-picking  implement, 
i!.  *  Brocca  (ii).  ii.  bull's  eye,  v.  Brocca  (iii). 

t(B)  (probably  of  Germanic  origin,  for  **brosa, 
<O.H.G.  freosan,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Freeze);  fine  cold 
rain. 

*Brocciare;  =  Broccare,  to  spur. 

*  Broccio  m. ;  spear. 
tBrocciolare;  =  Brontolare,  to  grumble. 
tBrocciolato  tn.  (It.  broccia);  drizzle. 

Brbcciolo  m. ;  i.  a  softened  form  of 
Broccolo,  blockhead.  2.  some  small 
fish. 

t  Brocciol6ne  m.\  grumbler. 

tBroccione  in. ;  i.  shepherd,     ii.  boor,  lout. 

*Brocco  w.  (L.  broccus,  projecting,  as  teeth); 

1.  projecting  tooth,     ii.  shoot  of  a  growing  plant  or 
tree  or  the  same  when  cut.    iii.  thorn,    iv.  —  riccio, 
ring  of  thread  which  makes  the  roughness  of  brocade, 
v.  any  unevenness  in  a  surface,     vi.  skewer  or  some 
such  implement  for  marking  cloth,     vii.   small  nail, 
viii.    Dar  nel  — ,  to  hit  the  mark  exactly,     ix.   (for 
Blocco,  g.v.)  at  billiards,  Fare  or  Tirare  il  — ,  Far 
bilia  di  — ,  to  hole  the  adversary's  ball.     x.    Di  — , 
immediately. 

Broccol£tto  m.;  dint.  Broccolo. 
•Broccoliere  m. ;  =  Brocchiere,  shield. 

Br6ccolo  m.  (dim.  Brocco);  i.  flower- 
stalk  of  a  turnip.  2.  Broccoli  di  Roma, 
broccoli,  Brassica  oleracea  asparagoides. 
3.  blockhead. 

Broccoluto  in. ;  with  several  flower  stalks,  run 
to  seed. 

tBroccule  m. ;  field  of  maize  stubble. 

*  Broco  ;  =  Bleso,  lisping. 

*  Brocolo  ;  with  sharp  points ;  fig.  biting. 

Br6da/  (A)  (O.H.G.  brod,  with  the 
same  meaning,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Broth, 
Brew);  i.  water  in  which  vegetables 
have  been  boiled.  2.  thin  soup,  weak 
coffee,  etc.,  or  solid  food  which  is  too 
watery.  3.  muddy  water  after  heavy 
rain.  4.  fig.  watery  discourse.  5.  Dare 
la  —  addosso  a  uno,  to  lay  the  blame 
upon  him.  6.  Andare  in  — ,  to  melt ; 
Andare  in  —  di  succiole,  to  show  great 
joy  upon  small  occasion.  7.  iron.  Puro, 
or  Innocente  come  la  —  de'  maccheroni, 
i.e.  anything  but  pure. 

*  i.  —  e  ceci,  rain  and  hail ;  —  e  non  ceci,  =  Acqua 
e  non  tempesta,  we  want  rain  not  a  tempest,  said  by 
a  person  apprehensive  of  matters  going  too  fast,  or 
too  far;  Che  grido  sent'  io  qua?  —  e  non  ceci,  what 
is  all  this  noise?  mind  you  do  not  come  to  blows, 
ii.    Pieno  di  — ,  ignorant. 

(B);=Rialti  di  terra  contornati  di  pietre,  ecc., 
che  si  fanno  lungo  i  nturi  di  un  orto  per  ricevere 
con   maggior   forza  i  raggi  del  sole  (Sergent,   Arti 
e  Mestieri) ;   sheltered  borders  iu  a  garden. 
•Brodaiay:;  thin  broth. 

Brodaio    m. ;    i.    seller   of    Broda. 

2.  Frate  — ,  spreg.  monk  who  is  em- 
ployed only  in  the  kitchen. 

Brodai61-0 ;  fig.  -a  ignoranza,  utter 
ignorance. 

*  As  sb. :  i.  person  fond  of  Broda.     ii.  ignorant  or 
stupid  person. 

Brodettato;  done  in  broth. 
Brodettino  ;«.;  sub-dim.  Brodo. 

Brod^tto  m. ;  broth  with  eggs  beaten 
up  in  it  and  some  slices  of  lemon. 
Antico  Cjuanto  il  — ,  i.e.  as  old  as  Adam. 

*confusion.     Andare  a  — ,  to  come  to  grief. 

Brodlcchio  m. ;  i.  poor,  thin  broth. 
2.  mud. 

*  Brodiere  m.  ',=  Budriere,  belt. 

Brod-iglia  / ;  =  -icchio.  -Ino  m. ; 
dim.  vesz.  of  Brodo. 

Brbdo  m.  (a  variant  of  Broda);  broth, 
water  in  which  meat  has  been  boiled. 
—  lungo,  watery  broth,  fig.  watery 
discourse.  -  ristretto,  good  broth. 
Primo  — ,  that  which  is  taken  out  of  the 


pot  first,  and  is  the  best.  —  di  carru- 
cola,  lit.  broth  of  the  wheel  of  the 
well,  i.e.  very  watery,  t —  alterato,  = 
Brodetto. 

*Brodocchino  in.  (Fr.  brodequin,  which  is  from 
It.  Borzacchino,  q.v.)\  half-high  boot. 

Brod-olfno  /«.,  -olina/;  child  that 
splashes  itself  with  its  broth. 

*Brodoloso;  dirty,  greasy. 

*  Brodone  m.  ;   sleeve  ornament.      A  -i,   falling 
down  anyhow. 

Brod-osino  dim.  vezz.  of  -oso,  -6so  with  plenty 
of  broth,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.',  T.  Broclo. 

Broeggia./;  (hot.)  broom-rape,  v.  Erba  (72). 

Brbgio  m.  (for  Ambrogio) ;  fool, 
blockhead. 

Brogibtto  (Brugiotto)  (Portug.borce- 
jote) ;  a  variety  of  purple  fig.  *  As  s6., 
augm.  of  Brogio,  fool. 

Brogli-are  ind.  broglio  ;  to  intrigue, 
to  make  a  stir. 

*  i.    Gli  brogliava  una  spalla,  he  felt  something 
moving    on    his    shoulder.      ii.    to    be    stirring    up 
sedition,     -arsi :  iii.  to  be  moving  about,  as  a  kitten 
under  a  rug. 

Brogliazzo  m. ;  (com.)  waste-book. 

Brbglio  in.  (A)  (etym.  unkn..,  perhaps 
a  contraction  from  **brodiglio,  dim.  of 
brodo,  q.v.};  intrigue,  plot. 

*  i.   sedition,  tumult,     ii.   place  of  meeting  of  an 
assembly,  or  the  assembly  itself. 

*(B);  =  Brolo,  enclosure. 

*  Broilo  tn. ;  -  Brolo. 

Broiere  m.  (var.  of  Brughiera) ;  (hot.} 
heath,  Erica  arborea. 

*  Broilo;  v.  Brullo,  bare. 

*  Brolo  (Bruolo,  Broilo)  m.  (A)  (mlt.  brolius  for 
brogilus,  from  a  Celtic  root  meaning  land,  cp.  Welsh 
l>ro,  land) ;  i.  enclosure,  garden,    ii.   melon,  garland. 
(B)=  Broglio,  intrigue. 

Bromatologfa  /  (Or.  (Spifia,  food);  science  of 
food-stuffs. 

Bromelia  f.;  (bat.)  the  pine-apple  family  of 
plants. 

Brdmo  tn.  (A)  (Gr.  /ipi/ios,  stench);  (fhenl.) 
bromine. 

(B)  (Gr.  £po(ios,  a  kind  of  oats);  (tot.)  brome- 
grass,  Brttmns. 

*Bronca_/;  i.  vine-prop,     ii.  a  variety  of  pear, 
iii.    a  variety  of  lemon. 

Br6nchi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  ^poyYla);  bronchial  tubes. 

Aff.  Bronchi-ale,  -le  (pop.  for  -te),  -te  f. 
t  Brdnchio  ;=  Monco,  maimed. 

Brdncio  m.  (prob.  <  mlt.  broccus, 
with  protruding  lips);  grudge,  ill-temper. 

tBronciolare;  =  Brontolare,  to  grumble. 

Brdnco  m. ;  stump,  e.g.  of  a  pollard 
tree. 

Etym.  dub.     Prob.  <  O.H.G.  brnck,  fragment. 

Broncbne  m. ;  i.  large  bough  of 
a  tree  with  many  branches.  2.  stout 
vine-prop  with  cross-pieces.  3.  vine 
growing  on  such  a  prop.  4.  (herald.) 
indentation. 

t  Bronfiare  ;=  Bofonchiare,  to  grumble. 

Brontol-are  ind.  brontolo  (prob.< 
1 1.  rimbrottare,  through  **rimbrottolare, 
**rimbrontolare);  to  mutter,  grumble, 
groan  ;  of  thunder,  to  rumble.  Aff.  -10 
freq.  sb.,  -one  grumbler. 

Br6nza  /  (Germ.  Brunst,  heat?); 
glowing  heat  of  an  oven,  which  has  to 
cool  a  little  to  be  ready  for  baking. 
t=Rosolia,  rash  in  babies. 

Bronzare ;  to  impart  a  bronze  colour. 

Bronzfn-a  /;  i.  "bush,"  bronze 
plate  in  a  piece  of  machinery  to  assist 
the  smooth  sliding  of  the  parts  that 


move  over  one  another;  -e  d'  eccen- 
trico,  eccentric  brasses,  cp.  Bussola  (8). 
2.  cylinder  of  a  brass  musical  instrument 
in  which  the  piston  works. 

*a  kind  of  gun.    t=Bubbolo,  horse's  bell. 

Br6nz-p  ;«.;  i.  bronze;  I  sacri  -i,  church  bells; 
I  -i  guerrieri,  artillery,  z.  (mar.)  in  pi.  =  Ralle,  V. 
Ralla  (2).  Aff.  -ino  adj.,  -ista,  worker  in  bronze. 

Etym.  L.  aes  Brundusinm,  the  town  of  Brindisi 
having  given  its  name  to  bronze  in  the  same  way  as 
the  island  of  Cyprus  to  copper. 

Brbscia/  ;  poor  thin  soup  or  coffee, 
etc. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  It.  bioscia,  which  has  the  same 
meaning,  the  /  being  changed  to  r  under  the  influ- 
ence of  Brodo,  or  else  the  other  way  about,  i.e.  < 
Brodo  altered  through  Bioscia. 

tBr6to  »«.;=Borro,  ditch. 

•Brozza/  (O.H.G.  proz,  M.H.G.  btvz,  seed); 
boil,  pustule. 

t  Brozzare  ;  to  go  away,  run  off. 

*Brozzoloso;  spotty  .faced. 

*  Bru  in. ;  the  sound  of  a  gun. 
•BrucayC;  shred  of  leather. 
•Brucamaglia/;  quantity  of  grubs. 

Brucare  (Brugare)  (It.  bruco);  i.  to 
strip  the  leaves  off  a  shoot  by  passing 
the  closed  hand  down  it,  lit.  to  strip  it 
like  a  grub,  Bruco.  2.  of  animals,  to 
eat  the  leaves  off  a  bough.  3.  to  pick 
olives  with  the  hand. 

*i.  of  a  caterpillar,  to  eat.  ii.  to  seek  after. 
iii.  to  enfeeble. 

Bruc-at6re  m. ;  olive-picker.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*  Brucello  ;  ?/.  Bruscello. 
Bruc&nte ;  scalding  hot. 

Brucett-accio,  -ino  or  -o;  dims,  of  Brucio, 
grub. 

Bruciabile;  v.  Bruciare. 

Bruciacchiare  (freq.  of  Bruciare); 
i.  to  scorch.  2.  of  frost,  to  blacken 
plants. 

Bruciaculo  m. ;  i.  raw  on  the  seat  from  riding, 
etc.  2.  (bot.)  wild  chamomile,  v.  Camomilla  (3). 

Brucia-fava  f. ;  (bot.)  tonth-wort,  Lat/iraea, 
also  terme_d  Fuoco  de'  boschi. 

tBruciaglia  /;  rubbish  for  burning. 

Bruciam&ito  m. ;  fire,  of  a  serious 
kind,  conflagration. 

Bruciapaglidccio  m. ;  v.  Bruciare (5). 

Bruciapelo  m. ;  Tirare  a  — ,  to  fire 
at  close  range.  Prendere  a  — ,  to  take 
by  surprise. 

Bruci-are  (Brugiare)  (bit.  brusiare 
for  **perustare,  <  L.  per-ustTis] ;  i .  to 
burn.  2.  to  cauterise.  3.  (fain.')  to 
discontinue  play  after  winning  one's 
opponent's  money.  4.  =  Salare,  to  shirk. 
5.  -  -  pagliaccio  a  uno,  to  break  an 
appointment  with  him.  6.  in  playing 
at  Pallone,  to  make  the  ball  fly  low. 
7.  at  hide  and  seek,  to  be  hot. 

Part,  -ato :  8.  Ora  -ata,  incon- 
venient hour.  9.  Cavallo  -ato,  dark- 
coloured  horse,  io.  of  a  pipe,  cigarette- 
holder,  etc.,  badly  coloured. 

Aff.  -ata  roasted  chestnut,  -ataio 
seller  of  Bruciate,  -atina  (dim.  -ata), 
-atura,  -aturaccia  pegg.,  -aturina  dim.  of 
-atura. 

Bruciaticcio  m. ;  i.  remains  of  a 
thing  burnt.  2.  mark  of  burning.  3.  Non 
saper  d'  una  cosa  ne  puzzo  ne  — ,  to 
know  nothing  about  it;  Non  volerne 
sapere  ne  puzzo  ne  — ,  to  refuse  to  have 
anything  to  do  with  it. 


BRUCINO— BUBBOLA 


103 


tBrucino  in.  ;  =  Tostino,  coffee-roaster. 
Brucio  m.;  pop.  for  Bruco. 
Brucio  in. ;  =  Bruciore,  a  burn. 

*  Bruciolato ;  i.  spoilt  by  grubs,    ii.   —  di,  in 
love  with. 

Bniciolo  m. ;  i.  grub.  2.  a  variety 
of  olive  tree.  3.  =  Truciolo,  shaving, 
scrap. 

Brucione  m. ;  one  who  stops  play  on 
winning,  v.  Bruciare  (3). 

Bruci-6re  m. ;  burning  sensation. 
Af.  -ordtto  dim.,  -orfno  dim.  vezz. 

Bruco  or  pop.  Brucio  m.  (L.  bruclius 
=  Gr.  (SpoO^or,  wingless  locust) ;  i.  grub. 
As  adj.,  Ignudo  — ,  miserably  poor,  //'/. 
naked  as  a  grub.  2.  little  cylinder,  also 
termed  Pontanastri,  to  which  are  attach- 
ed the  ribbons  for  marking  the  places  in 
a  missal.  3.  chenille,  a  kind  of  trimming. 
4.  in//.,  Bruci,  =  Alamari,  button-loops 
or  buttons.  5.  paste  for  soup.  6.  —  di 
mare,  =  Afrodita,  sea  mouse. 

•Brucolo  m.  ("  vtrrucola  <  L.  verruca);  boil, 
pustule. 

*  Brugare  ;  v.  lirucare. 

Bruggia/  ;  mould  for  sugar  loaves. 
As  proper  name,  Bruges. 

Brugbi&ra/.  (cogn.  Fr.  bruyere,< 
bit.  brugaria  <  Gaulish  bruga,  cp.  Welsh 
bru'g, thicket);  i. moorland.  2.  =  Broiere, 
heather. 

*  Brugiare  ;  =  Bruciare,  to  burn. 
Brugidtto  ;=  Brogiotto,  purple  (fig). 
Brugli61a_X;  young  bream. 

tBnigliolo    or    Bruglioro   in.;  =  Bolliciattola, 
pustule. 

tBrugn6ccolo  m. ;=  Hernoccolino,  pimple. 

"Brugnolay:;  wild  plum. 

tBrugo  m. ;  (t>ot.)=  Brusca,  horse-tail. 

*  Bruire;  of  the  intestines,  to  rumble,  v.  Brusio. 

*  Brulasco ;  =  Bmllo,  bare. 

*  Brulazzo  ;  blear-eyed. 

Brulic-are  ind.  brulico  (originally 
Bulicare,  connected  with  L.  bullire,  to 
boil) ;  to  crawl,  as  a  number  of  grubs 
together,  to  swarm.  +to  gairr  a  bare 
living.  Aff.  -ame,  -hfo. 

Brullo  (Brollo)  (prob.  for  *»sbrullo, 
<  **sbrullare,  to  strip  off  foliage,  < 
Brolo,  garland,  with  s-flriv.);  bare. 

Brulbtto  m.  (Fr.  briilot);  fire-ship. 

Brum  m.;  i.  the  E.  brougham 
phonetically  spelt.  2.  v.  Bruum. 

Bruma  /  (A)  (L.  brevis,  through 
**brevissuma,  **brevuma,  **breuma) ; 
winter,  originally  the  winter  solstice. 

(B)  (Gr.  Ppvypa  from  fipirKta,  to  gnaw) ; 
borer-worm,  Teredo  navalis. 

Brumaio  tit. ;  the  Fr.  bruHtaire;  Oct.  23  to 
Nov.  21. 

Brumale  ;  winter  (adj.\  winter 
flowering. 

*Brum-asto   or   -esto    in.    (L.    butnastus  —  Gr. 
0ou/ua<rros) ;   i.    a  variety  of  vine  with   large  gr;»pe 
clusters,     ii.    as  adj.,  violent. 
tBrumiggio;  ground  bait. 
Brumista  m. ;  driver  of  a  brougham. 

*  Brunale    m.  ;    (mar.)  =  Ombrinalc,    scupper. 
t  =  Biscia,  limber-hole. 

*  Brunatay!;^  Brinata,  hoar-frost. 
Brunella/;  (bot.)=  Prunella,  self-heal. 

*  Brunello ;    i.    brownish,      ii.   as  sb.,    prunella, 
cloth. 

Brun-etto  dim.,  -ettino  dint,  vezz.,  of  Bruno. 
Bruniccio;  rather  brown. 
tBrunice /.;  hot  ashes. 

Brunino  MI.  •  a  kind  of  burnt  earth  used  in 
painting,  forming  a  deep  red  colour. 


Brun-ire    ind.    -isco;    to    burnish. 

*  Part,  -ito,  brown.     Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Brun-itoio  m. ;  i.  polishing  stick. 
«.  grindstone  for  giving  the  last  finish 
in  sharpening,  e.g.  a  razor. 

Brun-it6re,  -itura;  vbsbs.  of -ire. 

Bruno ;  I.  brown.  2.  dark.  3.  as 
sb.,  mourning. 

Etyin.    O.  H.G.  brftn,  which  meant  either  brown 
or  shining,  r/.  old  Scandinav.  brunt,  fire.     It  is  easy 
to  see  how  the  same  root  might  give  bruit,  darkened 
by_  fire,   and   brutiir,    to   render    brilliant    like   fire 
(Littre).     The  Italian  participle  brunito  now  means 
polished  but  has  had  the  meaning  of  brown,  and  the 
French  ^?-««*>has  both  these  meanings  still. 
Brunotto  or  *  Brunozzo  ;  dint.  Bruno. 
*Bruolo;«.;  i.q.  Brolo,  garden. 

Brusca  /  (A)  (O.H.G.  bitrste,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Bristle) ;  i.  horse-brush. 

2.  (bot.)  horse-tail,  Eqitisetum  arvense. 

3.  (mar.)  rubbish  for  burning  against 
the  side  of  a  ship  which  is  to  be  tarred, 
so  as  to  warm    it,   technically   termed 
breaming.     4.  segmented  ruler  used  in 
cutting  out  sails. 

*(B);=Bruscolo,  speck. 

t  Bruscalina ;  (war.)  Scala  — ,  =  Scala  biscaglina, 
Jacob's  ladder. 

Brusc-amente;  v.  -o. 

Bruscare  (A) ;  i.  to  prune,  trim  up. 
2.  to  bream,  v.  Brusca  (3). 

+(B)(z'<zr.  of  Bruciare)  ;  =  Abbrustolire,  to  singe. 

*  Bruscarella/^;  —  Bruscolo,  speck. 
tBruscellante;  ?-.  Bruscello  (B). 
tBruscello  m.  (A)  (It.  brusciare);  ice  or  snow 

frozen  upon  a  plant,  cp,   Bruciacchiare  (2). 

(B)  (It.  arboscello,  shrub,  the  Bruscellanti  being 
compared  to  the  May  singers  going  round  with 
branches  and  flowers,  v.  Maggiaiuolo);  i.  a  kind  of 
rustic  play  performed  in  the  streets,  in  the  intervals 
of  which  money  is  collected  from  the  spectators  for 
the  performers,  Bruscellanti.  ii.  the  band  of  per- 
formers themselves;  Parer  la  vecchia  del  — ,  i.e.  to 
look  dirty  and  ridiculous,  iii.  tiresome  chattering. 
iv.  Andare  a  — ,  to  go  bird-hunting  at  night  with  a 
lantern,  v.  Frugnolo. 

Brusch^tte  /  pi.  (dim.  of  Brusche, 
v.  Brusca);  Fare  alle  — ,  a  boys'  game 
of  seeing  who  draws  the  longest  straw 
from  a  bunch. 

Bruschetto ;  dim.  Brusco,  rather  sharp. 

*  i.    angry   looking,      H.    as   sb.  —  Brusca,    horse- 
bnuh. 

Bruschin-are ;  to  brush  a  horse, 
-ata,  brushing. 

Bruschino  ;;/.  (A)  (It.  brusca);  horse- 
brush,  leather-dresser's  brush,  washer- 
woman's brush.  *(B)  dark  red. 

*  Brusciare ;  =  Bruciare,  to  burn. 

*  Brusciolo  m. ;  =  Truciolo,  shaving. 

Brusco;  i.  sharp  (in  taste),  cloudy 
(weather),  brusque  (manners) ;  Fra  il 
lusco  e  il  — ,  when  it  is  neither  day  nor 
night.  2.  asj^.,  —  medicinaIe  =  Pungi- 
topo,  butcher's  broom. 

*i.  =  Bruscolo,  speck,  ii.  (surg-.)  bone-rasper. 
iii.  fungoid  growth  on  a  plant,  or  pimple  on  the 
skin. 

Etym.  Littre"  sneaking  of  the  Fr.  brusque 
writes :  "  the  word  Is  Italian,  origin  uncertain. 
Diez  finds  in  it  the  O.H.G.  bntttisc  contracted  to 
bwtt'sc,  grim.  Others  refer  it  to  a  Celtic  source, 
Gael,  brisg,  Welsh  brysg,  brisk.  Or  it  may  be  from 
Latin  and  be  akin  to  oruscolo,  brusca  and  brusco 
(the  plant);  the  radical  meaning  would  be  that  of 
pricking."  Other  conjectures  quoted  by  Zambaldt 
are  mlt.  labruscust  uncouth,  It.  rustico,  **rust'co, 
and  L.  brnscum,  excrescence  on  a  maple  tree.  In 
the  sense  of  butcher's  broom,  the  word  may  reason- 
ably be  referred  to  L.  ruscum.  Butler  suggests  that 
rttscum  was  orig.  an  adj.  meaning  rough  or  prickly, 
in  which  case  brusco  might  have  been  formed  from 

*  *  flen-uscus. 

*Bruscola  /;  I.  =  Briciolo,  scrap,  ii.  =  Bussola, 
heather-brush  for  horses,  v.  Brusca. 


Briiscoli  m.  pi. ;  the  first  drops  of  a 
shower. 

Bruscolfno   m. ;    i.    dim.    Bruscolo. 

2.  small  fault. 

Bruscolo  m.  (It.  brusca);  i.  mote  in 
the  eye.  2.  slight  suspicion  ;  Ho  un 
certo  -  -  sul  conto  suo,  I  have  my 
suspicions  about  him  ;  Esser  un  —  negli 
occhi  a  qualcuno,  to  raise  his  suspicions. 
tBrusey^;=I!luse,  blouse. 

Brusio  ///.  (akin  to  Fr.  and  It.  bruire, 
Proveng.  bruzir,  brugir,prob.  strength- 
ened from  L.  rugire,  or  simply  imit.} ; 

1.  confused  noise  of  talking.     2.  noise 
in  Jig.   sense,   e.g.   over  a   new  book. 

3.  large  quantity  of  things  or  persons. 

Bruss&lle  / ;  Brussels. 

tBrusta/  (A)  (L.  per-ustus)\  embers.  *(B);  = 
Rica  mo. 

*  Brusto  m. ;  an  old  form  of  lady's  dress. 

*  Brustolare  ;  =  Abbrustolire,  to  singe. 
Brut-ale,  -alita,  -almente ;  v.  Bruto. 
Bruto  ;«.  (L.  bnttus,  heavy,  akin  to  Gr.  jSapu?) ; 

brute. 

Brutt-acchidlo  ;  dim.feim.  of -o.  -acchidtto; 
dim.  of -acchiolo.  -accio/^g-.,  -ame'nte  adv.  of 
-o.  -are;  to  defile,  -aretflo  or  -erellorf/;w.  of -o. 
-6zza_/I;  ugliness,  -ino  dim.  vezz,  of-o. 

Brutt-0   (var.  of  Bruto);    i.    ugly. 

2.  unpleasant,  troubled;  Pensate  se  a 
quella  vista  il  pover  uomo  rimanesse  — , 
imagine   how  troubled   the   poor  man 
looked  on  seeing  that;  Alle  -e,  at  the 
worst ;  Venire  alle  -e,  to  begin  quarrel- 
ling. 

Aff.  -occino  =  -ino,  -one  augm.  setters., 
-w&or  pop.  -uria,  filth. 

Bruum  ;  imit.  of  the  noise  of  firing,  etc. 

Bruzzaglia/  (prob.  Germanic,  cp. 
It.  brusca,  brusco,  tbruzzolo);  i.  rabble. 

2.  lot  of  little  rubbish. 

Bruzzico  or  Bruzzolo  /;/. ;  dawn. 

Etym.  L.  tnx  with  fegg.  prefix,  v.  supra  bar- 
in  loco,  >  **  bar-luce,  **barlucio,  barluzzo  >  dun. 
**barluzzolo,  with  a  variant  **  barluzzico,  contracted 
into  Bruzzolo,  Bruzzico. 

*  Bruzzo  ;«.;=  Bruzzico,  dawn. 

+  Bruzzolare ;  to  pull  the  loose  pieces  out  of  a 
rope  of  twisted  straw. 

Bruzzolo  m.  (A) ;  v.  supra  Bruzzico. 

t(B)  {prob.  <  O.H.G.  burste,  bristle,  v.  Brusca); 
i.  wooden  splinter,  ii.  loose  piece  of  straw  in  a 
plait. 

Bua  f.  (L.  boa,  skin  eruption);  nursery  word 
for  hurt,  *{med.)  boil,  pustule. 

Buaccio  m.\  Pegg.  Bue,  ox. 

Buacciol  -ata  f. ;  act  or  saying  of  a  -o. 

Buacciol-ino  /«.,  -inayi;  dim.  of-o,  -a. 

Buacci61-o  m.,  -a/ ;  dim.  of  Bue  in 
fig.  sense,  said  esp,  of  boys,  but  with 
pitying  rather  than  contemptuous  in- 
tention. Quanti  -i  che  fanno  la  critica 
ai  grandi,  what  a  lot  of  silly  young 
dunces  there  are  who  criticise  their 
elders. 

Buaggine/  (It.  bue);  stupidity. 

*  Buassagginey^;=  Buaggine. 
*Bubalo  ;«.;  buffalo. 

*  Bubanza  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  bombance  <  L.  bombns) ; 
pomp. 

*Bubare;  i.  =  ]>ubbolare.     ii. -Tubare,  to  coo. 

*  Bubbio  ;  i.  =  Buio,  dark.     ii.  =  Burbero,  rough. 
Bubbiolini  ;//.  //. ;  {bot.)  corn  poppy,  v.  Papa- 

vero  (2). 

fBubbo  m. ;  i.  bogey,  ii.  light  clouds,  iii.  fire, 
iv.  =  Dindi,  money. 

Biibbola/  (A)  (L.  uj>uj>a,>**upu- 
pula,  **puppola) ;  hoopoe  (the  bird), 


BUBBOLARE— BUCHERARE 


Upupa  epops,  also  termed  Galletta  di 
bosco,  di  Maggio,  di  Marzo,  or  di  mon- 
tagna,  Upupa,  Cristella.  Tremare  come 
una  — ,  to  shiver. 

(B)  (mlt.  bubo,  swelling  in  the  groin, 
from  Gr.  /3ou/3o>v,  groin,  hence  Jig. 
swollen  statement) ;  i.  incredible  story. 
2.  trifle,  nonsense.  3.  name  for  several 
species  of  fungus. 

Bubbolare  ind.  bubbolo ;  i.  of 
thunder,  to  growl  ;  of  the  sea,  to  roar. 

2.  to  cheat.     3.  to  tremble. 

*i.    to  carry  off.     ii.    to  waste. 

Bubbolata  /  ;  string  of  lies. 

Bubboli&ra  / ;  the  place  for  a 
horse's  bells. 

t  Bubbolina yC;  convulsive  cough. 

Bubbolini  ///.  //. ;  (hot.)  bladder  campion,  Siletie 
ittflata. 

Bubbolino  m. ;  dim.  Bubbolo. 
ti.  Tremar  il  — ,  to  shiver  with  fright,  ii.  the 
devil ;  —  ha  finito  il  vino  e  tombola  la  moglie,  Bogey 
has  finished  his  wine  and  is  beating  his  wife,  said  to 
children  when  it  thunders,  iii.  -A  kind  of  bun  given 
to  children  when  teething. 

Bubbolo  m.  (mlt.  bubo,  swelling,  from 
the  swelled  shape  of  the  bell) ;  bell  for 
horses'  or  dogs'  collars. 

Bubbol6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  great  story- 
teller. 

Bubbdne  m.  (mlt.  bubo,  from  Gr. 
fiovfiiav,  groin) ;  swelling  in  the  groin 
or  armpit. 

Bubbonic-o  ;  Pestc  -a,  bubonic  plague. 
Bubo  m. ;  child's  word  for  pigeon. 
*Bubolare  :  to  give  the  cry  of  an  owl. 

Bubdne  in. ;  i.  =  Bnbbone.  2.  a  South  African 
plant,  i.  owl. 

Bub6nio  m.;  (hot.)  Innla  bubonium. 

*  Bubreste  ;  v.  Bupreste. 

Bu  Bu;  i.  sound  of  a  dog's  bark; 
Far  — ,  to  make  an  outcry.  2.  =Bolli 
bolli,  political  unrest  beneath  the  surface. 

3.  sound  to  imitate  a  person  shivering 
with  cold. 

*  Bubu  m. ;  the  devil. 

•Bubulay;;  i.   v.  Bubbola.     ii.  =  Fandonia,  lie. 

•Bubulca  or  Bubulcata  f.  (v.  Bobolca);  i.  = 
Bifolca.  ii.  as  much  ground  as  two  oxen  will  plough 
in  a  day. 

Buca  /  (M.H.G.  buck,  cp.  Germ. 
Ranch,  belly);  cavity  in  the  ground  or 
in  a  wall,  etc.,  narrow  valley,  cave,  v. 
Buco.  —  cieca,  pitfall.  —  del  suggeri- 
tore,  (theat.~)  prompter's  box.  Fa  le 
buche  nel  viso,  his  face  is  getting  hollow. 
Bada,  costi  c'  e  una  — ,  said  to  a  late 
riser,  as  much  as  to  say  he  cannot  yet 
be  awake  enough  to  see  properly.  -—  di 
San...,  at  Florence,  underground  ora- 
tory of  Saint....  Esser  per  le  buche,  to 
be  hard  up.  Turar  —  e  far  callaia, 
i.e.  to  pay  a  debt  by  incurring  a  larger 
one.  Far  una  — ,  to  embezzle  money. 

*i.  =  Noia,  trouble,  ii.  Fare  alle  buche,  a  game, 
?'.  Buchetta.  iii.  Dare  intorno  alle  buche  a  uno.  to 
extact  his  secrets,  iv.  Alle  buche  (sc.  sepolcrali)  ce 
n'  avvedremo,  we  shall  see  the  result  in  the  end,  said 
of  one  who  has  undertaken  what  seems  beyond  his 
means. 

Bucacchiare ;  to  make  many  little  holes. 

Bucaccia  /. ;  pegg.  Buca.  • 
tBucacu6ri  m. :  lady-killer. 

Bucafdndi  m. ;  borer,  for  casks,  esp.  for  forming 
holes  in  the  heads  into  which  to  fit  the  staves. 

Bucafratti  >«.;  =  Re  di  macchia,  wren. 

Bucalamiera /.;  a  machine  for  punching  rivet 
holes. 

t  Bucaletta  / ;  pitch  pot. 

*  Bucaletto  ;  v.  Bucioletto. 


m. ;  (hot.}  snowdrop,  Gal- 
anthus  nivalis,  also  termed  Campanelle 
d'  inverno,  Galantino  d'  inverno,   La- 
grime  delta  Madonna,  Fiore  della  Puri-^ 
ficazione. 

*  Bucapere  m.  ;=Mangiapere,  grasshopper. 
Bucardo  w.;  =  Cardio,  cockle. 

Buc-are  (It.  buca  or  buco) ;  to  make 
a  hole  in;  of  a  wasp,  to  sting;  of  a 
rough  shirt,  to  prick ;  to  evade  (a  law) ; 
to  shirk  (a  duty),  to  pass  (in  a  race), 
to  make's  one's  way  through  (an  ob- 
struction); at  Pallone,  to  miss  the  ball; 
of  a  sculptor,  to  work  his  chisel  clumsily 
so  as  to  make  hollows  in  the  stone. 
Pan  -ato,  light  bread.  Aver  le  mani 
-ate,  to  be  careless  of  money. 

Bucarubla  / ;  ventilating  brick  or 
plate. 

Bucataio  m. ;  laundryman. 
Bucatino  m. ;  little  things  washed. 

Bucato  m. ;  I.  bleaching.  2.  wash; 
Questa  roba  va  data  in  — ,  these  things 
are  going  to  the  wash  ;  Questa  setti- 
mana  non  fa  il  — ,  he  is  not  having 
anything  washed  this  week ;  Segnare  il 
— ,  to  mark  the  things  for  the  wash; 
Di  — ,  clean  ;  Fare  il  —  in  famiglia, 
fig.  to  wash  dirty  linen  at  home;  Fare 
un  —  alia  coscienza,  to  go  to  confession  ; 
Lo  scritto  non  si  mette  in  — ,  a  written 
engagement  will  stand ;  Ogni  cencio 
vuole  andare  in  — ,  every  rag  wants  to 
go  to  the  wash,  said  of  a  person  who 
pushes  in  where  he  is  not  wanted ;  Non 
si  fece  mai  —  di  notte  che  non  s'  as- 
ciugasse  di  giorno,  nothing  was  ever 
washed  at  night  but  what  had  to  be 
dried  by  day,  i.e.  a  fault  committed  in 
secret  will  come  out  sooner  or  later. 

Etyiti.  Akin  to  Bucare  but  not  derived  from  it, 
t'.  Buca;  cognate  words  are  Germ,  bauchcn,  E.  buck, 
both  of  which  mean  to  bleach  clothes  in  lye  water ; 
the  primary  meaning  therefore  is  bleaching  in  lye 
water,  and  that  of  clothes  for,  or  from,  the  wash,  is 
secondary. 

Bucatuccio  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  Bucato. 

Bucatur-a,  -accia  fegg.,  -ina  dim.;  a.  Bu- 
cato. 

*BuccellayI;  crust  of  bread,  r>.  Buccia. 

*  Buccellato  (Bocellato,  Boccellato)  m.  (L.  buc~ 
cellatitm,  soldiers'  biscuit,  <lrucct:Un,  morsel,  dim. 
<bucca,  mouth,  originally  cheek,  v.   Bocca);  i.  bis- 
cuit,     ii.    hoop  on  a  spar.      tiii.    a  kind  of  sugared 
bun,  shaped  like  a  Ciambella. 

Buccbereide  f.\  title  of  a  poem  on  Buccheri. 
Bucchero  m.    (Span,    bitcard);    i.    a   scented, 
red-coloured  earth  imported  from  Portugal  or  India, 
used  for  making  water-cooling  vases,  etc.     2.  water- 
cooler  made  therefrom.     3.  deep  red  colour. 

tBucchi  m. :=Sussi,  q.r. 

t Bucchia  f.\  i.  =  Cnccia,  bed.  ii.  impudence; 
Far  — ,  to  pluck  up  courage. 

tBucchiare;  i.  to  do  a  thing  quickly,  ii.  —  i 
capelli,  to  curl  up  the  hair  with  the  comb  reversed, 
iii,  to  clear  bundles  of  corn  from  the  adherent  grass. 

tBucchiaro  m.',  (pers.)  nuisance. 

*Bucchio  in. ;  i.  =  Buccia,  rind.  ii.  skin  of  an 
onion,  iii.  egg-shell,  iv.  =  Bocciuolo.  v.  in  un 
— ,  (to  do  a  thing)' in  a  moment. 

Buccia  /.  (etym.  linkup;  \.  peel, 
rind,  bark,  crust.  F.  una  —  di  porro,  it 
is  a  mere  trifle,  lit.  skin  of  a  leek.  In 
a  nut  or  other  seed  Buccia  is  the  skin 
of  the  fruit;  the  shell  is  Guscio  and  the 
husk  Riccio,  but  v.  infra  (i).  Innestare 
a  • — ,  a  certain  method  of  grafting,  v. 
Corona  (13).  2.  slough  of  any  creature 
which  sheds  its  skin.  3.  scherz.  human 
skin ;  Far  la  — ,  to  kill ;  Aver  la  —  dura, 


to  have  a  tough  constitution ;  Riveder 
le  bucce  a  uno,  to  criticize  him  severely; 
Sono  tutti  d'  una  — ,  they  are  all  of  the 
same  kidney. 

*i.  At  Pistoia,  Buccia  is  the  shell  of  a  chestnut, 
and  a  grape-skin  is  not  Bnccia  but  Guscio.  ii.  dew- 
lap of  an  ox.  iii.  II  suo  saper  fu ,  his  learning 

was  superficial,  iv.  Dare  in  bucce,  to  grow  thin, 
v.  lace  on  a  uniform. 

*  Bucciacchera  f. ;  loose  piece  of  peel. 
Bucciai&la/;;  pied  fly-catcher,  v.  Balia  (2,  b\ 
Bucciata/!;  Mi  tiru  una  — ,  he  threw  a  piece 

of  peel  at  me. 

tBuccica./ ;=  Buccia,  bark,  skin. 

Buccicata  /  ;  Non  sapere  —  di,  to 
know  nothing  about. 

*  Bucciere   m.    (Fr.   boucher,    butcher);    cattle- 
dealer. 

Buccina  /  (L.);  i.  trumpet.  2.  v. 
Buccino. 

Buccinare;  i.  to  blow  the  trumpet. 
2.  fig.  to  trumpet  abroad. 

*  Buccinello  w.  ;  i.  a  kind  of  small  net.     ii.   In- 
nestare  a  — ,  v.  Bocciuolo  (5). 

Buccino  in.  ;  whelk,  Bucciiiuin. 
•Buccintoro;  ».  Bucintoro. 

Buccio  m.  (var.  of  Buccia);  I.  the 
outer  layer  of  a  hide ;  Levare  il  — ,  to 
kill;  Mi  preme  il  — ,  I  value  my  life. 
2.  slough  of  a  snake.  3.  gold  beater's 
skin,  the  outer  coat  of  a  part  of  the 
intestine  of  an  ox,  v.  Borsa  (4). 

Bucciolina/l ;  dim.  Buccia. 

*  Bucciolo  m. ;    i.    scent-bottle,     ii.  =  Bocciolo, 
internode  of  a  cane.     iii.   tube.    iv.    dim.   Bnccio. 
v.  =  Bozzolo,  cocoon. 

Bucci6so  ;  with  a  thick  rind. 

Bucciu61o ;  v.  Bocciuolo. 

Buccol-a  f.  ;  I.  ear-ring;  Far  le  -e, 
of  boys,  to  hang  cherries  over  their  ears. 
2.  in  writing,  the  loop  of  the  long  stroke 
of  a  b,  g,  or  /. 

*  i.    ring  through  which  the  arm  was  passed   in 
holding  a  shield,     ii.   ringlet. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  boncle,  ring,  Prevent;,  bloca, 
boss  of  a  shield,  and  similar  words  in  several  of  the 
Romance  dialects  quoted  by  Littre,  to  which  may  be 
added  the  dialectical  Italian  bucculp.  The  origin  of 
all  these  is  the  Latin  bitccula,  diminutive  of  bucca, 
cheek.  Buccula  meant  (i)  a  part  of  the  helmet 
covering  the  cheek  ;  (2)  a  shield ;  (3)  a  boss  of  a  shield ; 
"'.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Buckle.  The  history  of  the 
transition  from  buccula  to  the  French  and  Italian 
words  in  the  further  meaning  of  ring  or  ear-ring  is 
unknown  ;  the  simplest  conjecture  would  be  to  trace 
them  to  buccula  in  the  sense  of  boss  regarded  as 
a  sort  of  ring. 

Buccoletta  f. ;  dim.  Huccola. 

Bucc61icayC  (L.  from  Gr.  0ovKo\iK(k);  i.  .pas- 
toral poetry.  2.  sckcrz.  eating. 

Buccolico;  bucolic. 

Buccolina  f. ;  dim.  Buccola. 
t  Buccolo  ;//.  (L.  bitccula,  v.  supra  sub  Buccola) ; 
ringlet  of  hair. 

tBuccolbtto  m. ;  dim.  Buccolo,  ringlet  on  the 
temple. 

Bucconcello  m. ',  =  Bocconcello,  scrap. 

*  Buccula  f. ;  —  Pappagorgia,  double  chin. 
Bucefalo  nt.  (from  the  horse  of  Alexander  the 

Great);  sckerz.  horse,  esp.  bad  horse. 

*  Bucello  m.  ;  —  Giovenco,  young  ox. 

*  Bucentoro  ;  ->.  Bucintoro. 

Bucero  m.  (Gr.  Pous,  ice'pas);  hornbill,  Bitceros. 

*  Bucetto  tn. ;  =  Bozzolo,  lump  in  a  cloth. 

*  Buche  m. ;   a  kind  of  fishing  boat.     Catalano 
a  — ,  a  sort  of  cape  worn  by  Catalan  sailors. 

Bucherame  m.  (A)  (cp.  Fr.  bougran, 
mlt.  boquerannus,  prob.  from  the  city  of 
Bokhara) ;  buckram,  linen  stiffened  with 
glue. 

(B)  (It.  bucherare) ;  open  wove  cloth. 

Bucher-are  ind.  buchero  (It.  buco); 
I.  to  pierce  with  holes.  2.  to  intrigue 
for  votes.  3.  to  penetrate  by  underhand 


BUCHERATTOLA— BUGIETTA 


means,  to  sneak  in.     4.  part,  -ato,  full 
of  holes. 

Bucherattol-a/?,  -o  m.  :  dim.  Buca,  tiny  hole. 

Bucher611-a  /  ;  i.  small  cavity. 
2.  (bot.}  —  bianca,  morel,  an  edible 
fungus,  Morchella  esculenta,  also  termed 
Spugna  buona,  Tripetto.  Ajf.  -ina,  -fno 
dims. 

Bucherell-are ;  to  make  holes,  -ato, 
full  of  holes. 

Bucher^llo  in.  ;  I.  small  hole.  2.  a 
kind  of  fungus. 

•Bucherottol-ayC,  -o  m.  ;  Jim.  of  Buc-a,  -o. 

Buch6tt-a/ ;<#/«.  Buca,  hole, cavity; 
Fare,  Giocare  a  —  or  alle  -e,  a  boys' 
game  of  pitching  an  iron  ball  into  a 
hole  in  the  ground.  Seminare  a  -e,  to 
sow  by  drilling. 

Buchett-accio  dim.  spreg.   Buco,  -ina  dim.  of 
Buchetta,  -ino  sub-dim. ,  -o  dint,  of  Buco. 
Buchin-a/i,  -o  in.  ;  dim.  of  Buc-a,  -o. 

Buci ;  hush  ! 

*  Buciacchio  m. ;  young  ox. 

Bucicare  ind.  biicico  (a  parallel  form 
to  Fr.  bouger<lt.  bulicare,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Budge) ;  to  move  slightly,  budge. 

Bucinarsi;  to  be  rumoured. 

Bucine  m.  (etym.  unkn.} ;  I.  a  conical 
shaped  fishing-net  or  similar  net  for 
catching  birds.  2.  in  //.,  Bucini,  or 
Bucioli,  short  pieces  of  cane  for  keeping 
open  the  framework  of  a  distaff. 

Bucinello  m. ;  v.  Bocciuolo  (6). 

Bucintbro  (Buccintoro,  Bucentoro) 
>n.  (A)  (Gr.  ftoiis,  KfVraupos ) ;  bucentaur, 
a  fabled  monster,  half  ox  half  man. 
(B) ;  the  state  barge  of  Venice  used  in 
going  to  the  ceremony  of  espousing  the 
Adriatic,  v.  Buciontoro. 

*  Bucio  m.  ;  (mar.)  barge,  hull  of  a  ship. 

*  Bucioletto  m. :  dim.  Bucio. 
Buciolo  ;  v.  Bucine  (2). 

*Buciontoro  ;«.  ;  =  Bucintoro,  Vene- 
tian state  barge.  The  term  was  prob.  a 
corruption  of  Bucio  d'  oro,  gilt  barge, 
from  the  richness  of  its  decoration,  and 
subsequently  suffered  alteration  into 
Bucintoro.  The  vessel  was  destroyed 
by  the  French  in  1797  and  its  gilding 
melted  down  into  money. 

Buco  m.  (var.  of  Buca,  g.v.);  I.  pro- 
perly a  small  round  hole  through  some- 
thing. 2.  (mar.}  —  del  gatto,  lubber's 
hole.  3.  dimple.  4.  small  room.  5.  Non 
cavare  un  ragno  da  un  — ,  said  of  one 
who  is  slow  in  working  and  never  con- 
cludes anything.  6.  Dare  nel  — ,  i.e.  to 
hit  the  nail  on  the  head ;  Arrivare  a  — , 
to  come  in  the  nick  of  time,  just  not  too 
late.  7.  Buco  \ti\pop.  said  to  one  who 
is  trying  to  take  us  in  but  whose  game 
has  been  found  out.  8.  II  buco  nella 
calza  ci  s'  ha  a  vedere,  prov.  of  one  who 
betrays  his  humble  origin.  9.  Esser 
al  —  della  gallina,  in  knitting  a  stocking, 
to  come  to  the  end  of  the  sole.  10.  Buchi 
di  lupo,  in  fortification,  pits  with  sharp- 
ened stakes  at  the  bottom. 

•i.  at  billiard  pool  =  Occhio,  mark  of  a  "life." 
H.  launch  belonging  to  a  ship.  tiii.  Far  — ,  to 
shirk  school. 

Bucolin-a/,  -o  m. ;  dim.  of  Buc-a,  -o. 

H. 


Buc6n-a/;,  -e  m. ;  avgtn.  of  Buc-a,  -o. 
Bucranio  m. ;  (arch.)  ox-skull  sculptured  as  an 
ornament. 

Bucuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Buco  (3). 

Buda/  ;  i.  the  city  on  the  Danube. 
Prov.  Par  che  vada  a  pigliar  — ,  he 
seems  to  be  in  a  great  hurry.  Gli  par 
d'  aver  preso  — ,  he  seems  to  think  he 
has  done  something  wonderful.  2.  loop 
of  a  crupper  passing  under  the  horse's 
tail. 

t  Budagiay; ;  =  Ombrina,  bearded  umber. 

Budare  (Fr.  bonder,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pout);  at  dominoes,  to  be  unable  to 
play. 

Budellame  m. ;  entrails. 

Budellfna/;  (bat.)  j.  =  Erba  gallinella,  chick- 
weed.  2.  —  acquatica,  mudwort,  Limosella  aqua- 
tica.  3.  —  d'  acqua,  water  mouse-ear  chickweed, 
Cerastittm  aquaticum.  4.  —  de'  mtiri,  procumbent 
pearl-wort,  Sagina  prociimbens. 

Budell-ino  m..  with  pi.  -ine  or  -ina  /:  dim. 
Budello. 

Budell-o  »i.,  with  pi.  Budell-a  or  -e 
f.  (L.  botellus,  dim.  of  bo  tit  his,  sausage) ; 
i.  bowel;  Avere  il  —  diritto,  to  eat 
much  and  often ;  Veder  le  -a,  i.e.  to 
stab;  Seminar  le  -a,  to  have  been 
stabbed,  also  quasi-fig.  of  a  mattress,  to 
have  been  ripped  open.  2.  Budelli  di 
gallina  (<W.),  =  Centocchio,  chickweed. 

*i.   Dare  in -a,  to  come  to  nothing,  fail.    ii.   gullet. 

Budell6n-e  m.,  -&/. ;  guzzler. 

Bud(Sse;  of  Buda. 

Budino  (Bodino)  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  bott- 
din,  of  Germanic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pudding,  Pout) ;  pudding. 

*  Budriere,   Bodriere,   or    Brodiere    in.   (Fr. 
baudrier,  further  etym.   uncertain;   cp.    A.S.    belt., 
O. H.G.    balz,     L.    balteus.      Littre    writes: — "the 
O.H.G.   balderich.   is   derived    from   the   A.S.   belt, 
E.  belt,  old  Scandinavian  betti,  doubtless  borrowed 
from  the  L.  balteus");  sword-belt. 

Bue  m.,  with  irreg.  pi.  Buoi  or  pop. 
Boi  (var.  of  Bove) ;  ox.  —  d'  oro,  a 
rich  but  ignorant  man.  Aver  del  — ,  to 
have  but  little  sense.  Occhio  di  — , 
(bot.}  ox-eye  daisy,  v.  Occhio  (43). 

*  Bueggiare;  to  act  like  an  ox. 
•Buessay:;  cow. 

Buetta  (Boeta)  / ;  packet  of  tobacco  in  sealed 
paper. 

Bufal -a /.;  she-buffalo.  Esser  come 
le  -e,  to  fear  that  the  ground  will  sink 
under  one's  feet. 

•Bufalata/;  buffalo-race  at  Florence  or  poetry 
written  for  that  occasion. 

Bufalo  m.  (L.  <  Gr.  jSot^uXor) ;  buf- 
falo. 

*mask  of  a  buffalo  head,  for  stalking  birds. 

Bufal-6ne  m.,  -6nay];  aiigm.  of -o,  -a.  -Atto 
;;/.;  half-grown  buffalo. 

Bufare  (It.  buffo);  to  snow  heavily, 
in  a  storm. 

Bufera/  (It.  buffo);  rain-squall. 

Buffa  /  (var.  of  Buffo,  so  that  the 
orig.  meaning  would  be  that  of  No.  vi. 
below);  I.  hood  thrown  over  the  head, 
or  even  over  the  face,  either  as  part  of 
a  religious  habit,  or  as  a  protection 
whether  against  cold  or  the  heat  of  a 
fire.  2.  the  lower  part  of  the  visor  of 
a  helmet ;  Buttar  giii  — ,  to  throw  away 
all  disguise,  all  sense  of  decency. 

*  i.  =  Dama,    game    of  draughts,      ii.    mockery, 
iii.  trick,     iv.   jest,  trifle,     v.    v.   Balm.     vi.    pufi"  of 
wind. 


*  Buffalaglio  m.\—  Beccalaglio,  blind  man's  buff. 
t  Buffardello  m. ;  bellows. 

Buffare ;  i.  =  Soffiare,  to  blow.  2.  at 
draughts,  to  huff  one's  opponent. 

*  i.  to  chatter  foolishly,   ii.  to  throw  away.   iii.  to 
break  wind.     iv.  =  Sbuffare,  to  puff  and  blow. 

Buffata  /  ;  sudden  squall  of  wind. 

Buffatdre  m.  •  glass-blower. 

Buffe  m.  (Fr.  buffet,  of  unkn.  orig.}; 

1.  ball-supper.     2.  side-table. 

*Buffetta/7;  small  improvised  sail. 

Buffettare  ind.  buffe'tto;  i.  =  Sbuf- 
fare,  to  puff  and  blow.  2.  (mar.)  to  flap 
about  in  the  wind. 

*  Buffettata  / ;  =  Buffetto. 

Buffetteria  /;  (mil.}  the  leather 
belts  collectively,  for  a  soldier's  arms 
and  ammunition. 

Buffetto  m.  ;   i.  flip  with  the  finger. 

2.  puff  of  wind.     As  adj.,  Pan  — ,  very 
light  bread. 

*  i.  side-table,     ii.  stroke  of  luck,  either  good  or 
bad. 

Buffettdne  m.  •  augm.  Buffetto  (i), 
a  good  hard  knock. 

Buffo;  i.  queer,  ridiculous.  As  sb.\ 
2.  buffoon,  comic  actor.  3.  squall  of 
wind. 

Etym.  From  a  base  buf,  imit.  of  the  sound  of 
blowing  after  puffing  out  the  cheeks,  cp.  E.  puff, 
Fr.  boitjfer,  to  puff  out. 

Buffon-aggine  or -atay?;  buffoonery. 

BurToncello  in.  \dirn.  Buffbne. 

Buff6n-e  m.  (It.  buffo);  I.  buffoon. 
2.  promise-breaker.  *  =  Gotto,  glass 
vessel. 

Ajf.  -eggiare,  -eria,  -escamente,  -esco. 
t  Bufiera  f. ;  =  Bufera,  tempest. 

*  Bufolante  in. ;  driver  in  a  buffalo  race,  v.  Bufa- 
lata. 

*  Buffalo  ;  v.  Bufalo. 

Bufonchiare,  ecc.;  v.  Bofonchiare,  etc.,  to 
grumble. 

*Bufone  m.  (L.);  toad. 
•Buforanay:;  large  toad. 
Buftalmiay;;  (ined.)  swelling  of  the  eye-ball. 
Buftaimo  m. ;  (bot.)  =  Occhio  di  bue,  a  genus  of 
Compositae  of  the  ox-eye  daisy  class,  Bitphtlnilmum. 
tBuga/I;  v.  Boba. 

tBugadayl;  (mar.)  tar  mixture  for  blackening 
rigging. 

*Buganza/7;  chilblain. 

Buggera  /  (orig.  meaning  heresy, 
from  Bulgaro,  since  the  Bulgarians  had 
a  bad  reputation  for  Manicheeism) ; 
i.  blunder.  2.  dodge. 

Buggerare  ind.  buggero ;  to  humbug. 

BuggiancayC;  ill-temper. 

Bugfa/  (Buscia,  Busia)  (A)  (perhaps 
< O.H.G.  bosi,  paltry,  worthless,  cp. 
Germ,  bijse,  bad) ;  lie.  (B)  (from  the 
town  of  Bugi  in  Algeria,  a  noted  source 
of  wax)  flat  candlestick,  or  oil  lamp  of 
similar  make. 

Bugi-accia  f.,  pegg.  of  -a;  -ale  m.,  string  of 
lies. 

tBugian-o;   i.    rustic,  ignorant,     ii.    as  sb.,  -a, 
prostitute. 

Bugiard-accio  pegg.,  -amdnte  adv.,  -ello 
dim.  of  -o,  -eria  /I,  pegg.  wicked  lie,  -etto  dim., 
-ino  dim.  vezz.  of -o. 

Bugiard-o;  lying.  Rimaner  — ,  to 
fail  in  one's  engagements.  Pero  — ,  a 
variety  of  pear  whose  fruit  is  good  and 
ripe  whilst  it  appears  unripe  and  no 
good.  Aff.  -61o  dim.,  -6ne  augm. 

*  Bugiare ;  =  Bucare,  to  pierce.     *  Bugl'are,  to  lie. 
Bugietta./;  dim.  Bugia. 

14 


io6 


BUGIGATTO— BURATO 


Bugi-gatto  or  -gattolo  m. ;  dark 
recess,  poky  hole. 

Etym.  bit.  bugia  >  Fr.  bouge,  closet,  <  L.  hulga, 
bag,  7.1.  Bolgia, -f  It,  gatto;  lit.  therefore  hole  for 
a  cat. 

Bugi-inayC;  dim.  of -a,  lie. 
*Bugio  (A)  (O.H.G.  Ms/,  worthless,  v.  Bugia); 
empty.     (B)  ;  as  sb.,  =-  Buco,  hole. 

Bugfo  m. ;  lying. 

Bugi-61a  /  ;  dim.  of  -a.  -6ne  m.\ 
great  liar,  -uccia  or  -uzza/ ;  dims,  of  -a. 

'Bugliay!;  i.  concourse,  crowd,    ii.  uproar,  row. 

*  Bugliare  (var.  of  Bollire);  i.  to  agitate,     ii.  to 
throw  down. 

*  Bugliente  ;  var.  of  Bollente,  boiling. 

Bugliblo  (Buiuolo)  m.  ;  bucket,  pail, 
t  As  adj.)  drunk. 

Etym.  It.  **buglire  for  bollire,  to  boil,  so  that 
the  lit.  meaning  would  be  vessel  for  boiling,  cp. 
*  Buglione  (iii). 

Buglidne  m. ;  confused  tangle  or 
crowd. 

*  i.  broth,    ii.  fig.  fiction,    iii.  =  Ba  rigl  ion  e.  barrel. 
Etym.     It.  "buglire,  v.  Bugliolo;  r/.  Fr.  bou- 
illon <  bouillir. 

Bugldssay^(LM  <Gr.  ftovs,  ox,  yAwo-tra,  tongue, 
from  the  roughness  of  the  leaves);  (bot.)  i.  — volgare, 
common  bugloss  oralkanet,  Anchitsa  officinalis^  also 
termed  Lingua  di  hue,  Borrana  salvatica.  2.  borage, 
Borneo  officinalis.  3.  —  salvatica,  vipers'  bugloss, 
v,  Erba  (160). 

Bugna*/?  CpAf*.  Old  Fr.bugne,  Provens-  boug no , 
swelling,< O.H.G.  bungo,  lump,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bun- 
ion); i.  (arch.)  projection,  boss.  2.  {mar.)  lower 
corner  of  a  square  sail,  clew. 

*  basket,     tclew-line,  clew-garnet. 
Bugnamacola  /;  (bot.)  a  species  of  rush,  v. 

Erba  (70,  6). 

Bugnato  ;  (arc/t.)  studded  with  bosses. 
BugnericciayC;  beehives,  collectively. 

Bugno  ;//-  (either  a  var.  of  Bugna, 
or  else  of  Celtic  origin,  cp.  Welsh  bon^ 
tree-stump);  i.  beehive.  2.  fig.  con- 
fined place.  *urn  for  voting  papers, 
cp.  *  Bugna,  basket. 

Bugnol-a/  (dim.  *  Bugna,  basket); 
i.  plaited  basket.  2.  teacher's  desk, 
pulpit.  3.  dock  for  a  prisoner  in  court. 
4.  blacksmith's  tool-box.  Aff.  -dtta, 
-fna  dints. 

*  Bugnolino    tn. ;     schoolboy's    lunch    basket, 
tacorn-husk. 

Bugnolo  in.  (var.  of  Bugnola) ;  small 
basket 

*i.  Entrar  nel  — ,  to  get  angry;  Esser  nel  — , 
lobe  deeply  in  love.  ii.  =  Bugno,  bee-hive,  iii.  husk 
of  an  acorn. 

*Bugnonew.;  thicket. 

Bugola  or  Bugulayi;  (bot.)  common  bugle, 
j'.  Erba  (129,  b). 

*  Buiccio ;  dint.  Buio. 
Buicinay!;  dint.  Bua. 

Buina  / ;  «=  Bovina,  ox-dung. 

Biiio  (L.  burrus^  **burreus,  deep 
red,  <  Gr.  irvpposj  red,  <  n-Op,  fire);  dark. 
As  j£,  scherz.  prison. 

Buidse  f.pl.\  (slang)  prison. 

*  Buiuolo  m. ;  —  Bugliolo,  tub. 

t  Bulbaro  m. ;  a  name  for  a  carp  in  the  lake  of 
Mantua. 

Bulb-o  M.  (L.<Gr.  £oA£6«);  bulb.  Aff.  -ettino 
sub-dim.,  -ettorf/w.,  -iforme. 

Bulbocastano  m.  \  (bot.)  pig-nut,  Bnnium 
Jtexuosuni. 

Bulbocddio  m. ;  (bot.)  a  bulbous  plant,  Bulbo- 
codiutn, 

BuIbomaniayC;  a  disease  in  plants  consisting 
in  an  extraordinary  production  of  little  bulbs. 

Bul-bul  m. ',  Oriental  name  for  the  nightingale. 
tBulcantino,  Bulcare  m.\  T.  Busc-antino,  -are. 
t  Buldria  /. ;  fidgetiness,  boredom. 

*  Buldriana  f. ;  =  Baldracca,  prostitute. 
Bnldr-6,    -bcche  or  -6ghe   m. ;    v.    Boldr6, 

angler-fish. 

Bulesi-ay:  or  -o  m.\  fetlock  joint. 


Bulgaro  tn. ;  i.  Russia  leather.  2.  Consue- 
tudine  di  — ,  (kg-)  a  certain  restriction  in  a  widow's 
ownership. 

*Bulghero  m.;  i.  =  Burbera.    ii.  =  Bulgaro. 

tBuli  col  granzo  >«.;  =  Paguro,  hermit-crab. 

*  Bulica  /  (It.  bolla);  air-bubble  in  a  crystal. 

*  Bulicame  or  Bolicame  m. ;  i.  boiling  spring 
in  the  plain  of  Viterbo.    ii.  seething  crowd  of  people, 
tiii.   at  Florence,  place  where  carcases  of  animals 
were  thrown  :  Andare  al  — ,  to  be  ruined. 

*Bulicare  (v.  Brulicare);  i.  v.  *  Bulicame  (i) 
and  (ii).  ii.  —  tin  dito,  =  Formicolare,  to  tingle, 
iii.  to  boil.  iv.  =  Brulicare. 

Bulig6ne  in. ;  reticulated  whelk,  Nassa  reticu- 
lata. 

*Bulimay!;  disorderly  crowd.  In — ,  higgledy- 
piggledy. 

Bulimaca,  Bulimacola  or  Bulinacay; ;  (?••'!.) 
rest-harrow,  Ononis  arvcnsis. 

Bulimacola  de'  boschi  f. ;  (/W.)=Ginestradi 
Germania,  German  broom. 

Bulimia  /.,  or  Bulimo  /«.  (Gr.  ^oOs,  ox,  Aifio;, 
famine);  (ttted.)  insatiable  appetite.     Bulimo  is  also 
the  name  of  a  genus  of  snails,  Bulimus. 
*Bulinay^;  v.  Burina. 

Bulinaca/!;  ?'.  Bulimaca. 

Bulinare  ind.  bulino ;  to  chisel. 

Bulino  (Bolino,  Burino)  m.  (O.H.G. 
bora,  borer,  through  a  dim.  **borino) ; 

1.  graving  tool.     2.  cutter  of  a  planing 
tool.     3.   a  southern  constellation. 

Bulla/  (L.);  i.  an  ornament  worn 
by  boys  in  ancient  Rome.  2.  =  Bolla. 

Bull6tt-a  or  Bolle'tt-a  /  (dim.  of 
Bulla  or  Bolla) ;  i.  any  kind  of  short 
nail  with  a  large  head,  hobnail,  stud, 
such  as  used  in  finishing  certain  kinds 
of  furniture,  etc. ;  -e  del  quattro,  del  sei, 
nails  of  size  four,  size  six,  etc.  2.  ticket, 
e.g.  for  an  article  lodged  for  safe  custody 
or  despatched  by  rail;  Esser  in  — ,  to 
be  very  poor,  //'/.  to  be  on  the  ticket  for 
gratuitous  relief;  Avere  la  —  alia  ca- 
micia,  of  a  baby,  to  have  its  shirt  dirty. 
3.  in  pi.,  a  kind  of  ear-rings  fixed  in  the 
meatus  of  the  ears  by  a  screw.  4.  v. 
Bolla  (7). 

*i.  passport,  ii.  balloting  ticket,  iii.  Altro  che 
-c  e  frasche,  not  a  thing  of  small  consequence. 

Bullett-aio  m. ;  nail  seller,  -ame 
m. ;  lot  of  nails,  -ario  m. ;  book  of 
tickets  with  counterfoils,  -fna^;  dim. 
of  -a.  -inaio  m. ;  ticket-clerk. 

Bullettfno  m.\  bulletin.  II  28°  — , 
bulletin  preceding  a  catastrophe,  the 
last  bulletin  of  Napoleon  I  having  borne 
this  numbering. 

*i.  short  note,  memorandum,  magistrate's  order, 
passport,  etc.  ii.  (surg.)  dressing  placed  on  a 
wound. 

Bullettdna  /  ;  augm.  Bulletta,  big 
nail  for  boots,  tfat  lazy  woman. 

Bullettdne  m. ;  augtn.  Bulletta,  large 
ornamental  nail.  *i.  register  of  deeds, 
ii.  two  species  of  fungus,  tiii.  fat  lazy 
person. 

*BulIire;=  Bollire,  to  boil. 

Bullo  »/.;  i.  —  maschio,  thorny  snipe  head 
shell,  Murex  brattdanis,  locally  termed  Garusa. 

2.  —  femmino,  Murex  trunculus.      3.    —  grande 
di  mare,  helmet  shell,  v.  Porcella. 

Bullo'ne  m. ;  =  Bollone,  large  nail. 

*  Bulsin-a_/i,  -o  /;/.  (It.  bolso);  broken  wind. 

*  Bulzone  »/. ;  beam  for  raising  a  drawbridge. 
Bum  imit.  of  the  sound  of  an  explosion  ;  also 

said  on  hearing  a  prodigious  lie. 

Bumasto  ;  adj.  of  a  variety  of  grape. 
Buncinello  m. ;  r.  Boncinello. 

*  Bunografia  f.  (Gr.   jSouro?,  hill,  yp<wf>w) ;    de- 
scription of  hills. 

Buo* ;  short  for  Bove  or  for  Buono. 
Buompresso  m.  ;  =  Bompresso,  bowsprit. 


Buonadama  /  ;  (.bot.)  good-King-Henry,  v. 
Colabrina. 

*  Buonaere  ;«.;  Di  —  ;  cheerfully. 

*  Buonalancia  m.  ;  skilled  spearman. 
*Buona-mano,    -morte,   Buon-aria,  -arita 

or  -arieta,  -augurato,  -cristiano;  v.  Bona-mano, 
-morte,  etc. 

Buonbraccio  ;  (mar.)  Andar  di  —  ,  to  sail  with 
the  wind  on  the  quarter. 

Buondato  ;«.;  abundance. 

*  Buondl  adj.  ;  a  variety  of  cherry. 

Buon  Enrico  tn.  ;  (tot.)  =  Colabrina,  good- 
King-Henry. 

•Buonfatto  m,;  benefit. 

Buongiorno  adv.  ;  good  morning.  *As  sl>., 
heavy  club. 

Bubn-o  or  B6n-o  (L.  bonus,  anciently 
dvoHits,  root  dve,  =  be,  cp.  beare,  btnc, 
etc.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Bounty)  ;  good,  good- 
natured,  kind.  Questo  e  il  —  che..., 
the  best  of  it  is  that....  —  etre  volte  —  , 
extremely  kind.  S'  intende  esser  buoni, 
ma  tre  volte  buoni  poi  no,  I  am  pre- 
pared to  be  good-natured,  but  not  to  an 
extreme  degree.  At  games,  Buono 
means  "  love,"  i.e.  that  a  player  has  not 
scored  anything. 

Phrases:  i.  A  —  ,  in  good  earnest, 
heartily.  2.  Alia  -a,  simply,  without 
ceremony.  3.  Aver  —  in  mano,  to  have 
ample  proofs.  4.  Aver  di  —  ,  to  have 
a  piece  of  luck.  5.  Averla  -a,  to  catch 
it  hot.  6.  Colle  -e,  by  gentleness. 

7.  Copiare  a  —  ,  to  make  a  fair  copy. 

8.  Giuocare  di  —  ,  to  play  for  money. 

9.  Far  di  —  ,  to  be  serious,  in  good 
earnest.     10.  Oggi  alle  carte  mi  dice  -a, 
usu.  mi  dice  bene,  fortuna,  fortune  is 
being  kind  to  me  to-day  with  the  cards. 
ii.    Essere.     II   sor    Pietro   e    --   per 
cinquanta  lire  al  giorno,  master  Peter 
can  earn  fifty  francs  a  day.     12.  Esserci 
del  —  tra  un  uomo  e  una  donna,  to  be 
on  affectionate  terms.     13.  Far  —  ,  to 
pass    (an    account)   as    right.     14.    In 
buona,  in  a  good  temper.     15.   Dio  ce 
la  tnandi  -a,  an  expression  used  when 
apprehensive  of  some  great  misfortune. 
16.  In  famiglia  bisogna  menar\\  —  per 
la  pace,  the  members  of  a  family  must 
be  prepared  to  put  up  with  something 
from  each  other.     17.  Saper  di  —  ,  to 
be  agreeable,  esp.  of  a  scent.     18.  Sul 

—  della  veglia,  just  when  the  fun  is  at 
its  highest.  19.  Una  -a  volta,  some 
time  or  other. 

As  s6.  :  20.  commercial  obligation, 
esp.  a  Treasury  bill.  21.  coupon. 

22.  warrant    for    delivery    of    goods. 

23.  ticket  for  relief  from  the  Poor-law. 

Buondmini  ;  :•.  Bonomini. 

*  Buonotta  f.  ;  =  liuon'  ora, 

*  Buontempone;  v.  Uontempone. 
Bu6n  u6mo  ;  r\  Bonomo. 

*  Buonuomo  tn.  ;  superintendent. 
Buonvischio  m.  ;  =  Malvavischiu,  marsh  mal- 

low. 


. 

tBuosegay^;—  Mnggine,  mullet. 
*  Buove  f.  pi.  ',  chains  for  prisoners. 
Bupalo  tn.  ;  a  genus  of  moths. 
Bupleuro  tn.  (Gr.  jSous,  ir\tvp6v,  rib,  from  the 
lant  being  supposed  to  cause  cattle  to  swell);  (bot.) 
are's  ear  or  thorow-wax,  Buptevrunt,  a  genus  of 


pl 
h 


Bupreste  ;//.  (Gr.  £ouirp7)OTis,  from  /3ovs,  ox, 
irpyftta,  to  swell,  a  poisonous  beetle  which  on  being 
eaten  by  cattle  in  the  grass  caused  them  to  swell  up 
and  die);  a  family  of  beetles,  of  brilliant  metallic 
colours. 

Bura./;  f.  Bure. 

t  Bur-are;  to  smoulder.     *-arsi,  to  be  in  error. 
*  Burasca  f.  ;  =  Burrasca,  tempest. 

Burato  tn.  (var.  of  Buratto);  bunting. 


BURATTA— BUSIGNARE 


107 


*  Buratta  m. ;  =  Burattaio,  sifter. 

Burattare  ;  — Abburattare,  to  sift  meal. 

Burattello  m. ;  i.  bolting-bag.  2.  bolting. 
cloth. 

Buratteria  /.  •  in  a  powder-mill,  place  where 
the  sifting  implements  are  kept. 

Burattin-aio  m. ;  puppet-showman, 
-ata/  ;  puppet-show,  or  action  like  that 
of  a  puppet.  -e'sco;  puppet-like. 

Burattfn-o  m.  (It.  buratto,  cloth); 
i.  puppet,  orig.  one  made  of  cloth; 
Castello  dei  -i,  stand  in  which  the 
showman  is  hidden,  fig.  (from  the  fra- 
gility of  the  puppet-stand)  insecure 
structure.  2.  one  who  does  not  take 
anything  in  earnest  and  does  not  keep 
his  engagements.  3.  Far  ballare  i  -i, 
=  Metier  su  baracca,  to  set  the  attacking 
forces  in  motion,  esp.  when  the  attack 
is  on  personages  of  importance.  4.  Bal- 
lare or  Saltare  come  un  — ,  to  dance 
with  rage.  5.  as  adj.  =  Berrettino,  mis- 
chievous. 

*  i.  =  Burattaio.     ii.  dim.  Buratto,  cloth. 

BurattO  m.  (<**/>uratus <  bit.  bnra, 
dark  cloth,  <  bit.  burrus,  v.  Buio); 
bolting-cloth,  sifter  for  bolting  meal, 
fig.  one  who  speaks  indistinctly.  Pare 
un  — ,  he  is  a  great  gabbler;  the  meta- 
phor is  from  the  noise  made  by  the 
bolting;  similarly  Gli  e  un  — ,  he  is  an 
inveterate  grumbler. 

*  i.    light  kind  of  cloth,     ii.    the  posterior,  rump, 
iii.  a  figure  used  as  a  target. 

Burbale  m. ;  skip  for  hoisting  material  out  of  a 
well,  etc. 

Burbanz-a  /  (var.  of  Bubanza); 
offensive  vanity.  Aff.  -osame'nte,  -6so. 

Burbera  (Borbora)/i;  =  Argano,  windlass. 

Burberaccio;  pegg.  vezz.  Burbero. 

Burberino  m. ;  perforated  bar  at  the  back  of  a 
waggon  through  the  holes  in  which  pegs  can  be 
placed  for  twisting  the  bar  so  as  to  tighten  the  ropes 
which  secure  the  load. 

Burbero  (prob.  a  redupl.  of  an 
imit.  bur,  cp.  Borbottare) ;  scowling, 
crusty. 

*  Burchia  /  ;   i.    v.  Burchio.     ii.   Alia  — ,=A 
vanvera,  carelessly;  Andare  alia — ,  to  pirate  other 
people's  inventions. 

tBurchiare;  v.  Bucchiare,  to  do  hastily. 
Burchiella/;  v.  Hurchiello. 
Burchiell-eggiare ;  to  write  like  Burchiello, 
an  early  Florentine  poet.     Aff.  -esco  adj. 
Burchiell-etto  or  -ino;  dim.  Burchiello. 
Burchiello ;  dim.  Burchio. 

Burchio  m.  (var.  with  apheeresis  of 
Rimorchio);  barge,  tbaby. 

Burddne  m.  (L.);  mule. 
Bure/(L.);  plough-handle. 

Bure  adj. ;  a  yellowish  variety  of  pear.  *  a  kind 
of  dance,  or  music  therefor. 

*  Bureggia  f. ,  =  Balla,  bale,    ta  kind  of  cloth. 
tBureggio  m. ;  commotion,  bustle. 
•Bureila  /.    (akin    to    It.    buio) ;    i.    dungeon. 

ii.     narrow    passage.       iii.     subterranean    cage    at 
Florence  for  wild  animals,     iv.   piebald  horse. 

Burelle  f.  pi. ;  (herald.)  six,  eight,  or  ten 
parallel  bands  on  the  shield,  each  being  of  less  width 
than  a  Fascia.  If  they  are  five,  seven,  or  nine  in 
number  they  arc  termed  Trangle. 

Etyni.  Fr.  burelle,  with  the  same  meaning, 
<  burgle,  marked  with  burelles,  <  bureau,  which 
formerly  had  the  meaning  now  belonging  to  bure, 
coarse  cloth,  <  bit,  **  bura,  <  L.  burrus,  dark  red, 
the  cloth  having  been  of  this  colour,  <Gr.  irvppts, 
fiery  red,<irOp,  fire,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fire.  The  bureau 
having  been  a  striped  cloth,  burtlle  took  the  meaning 
of  stripe. 

Burello  m.:  (A)  (mar.)  wooden  pin  or  fid  used 
in  securing  two  loops  of  rope  together. 

*(K)(cofn-  Fr.  bureau,  v.  Burelle,  etym,);  coarse 
cloth. 


Buratta  /  (Fr.  burette);  (chem.) 
graduated  tube. 

Burga/;  a  conical  frame  containing 
clay,  stones,  etc.,  constructed  as  a  pro- 
tection for  river  banks. 

•Burgensatico;  (kg.)=  Allodiale. 

Burgravio»«.  (Germ.  Bvrggraf);  i.  burgrave, 
an  old  feudal  title.  2.  scherz.  pretentious  person, 
or  one  of  the  senior  members  of  an  assembly. 

t  Buriana  f.  (prob.  <  L.  boreas,  north  wind) ; 
i.  tempest.  ii.  =  Batosta,  shock,  iii.  severe  catarrh. 

*  Buriano  m. ;  a  variety  of  wine. 
'Buriasso  m. ;  i.  master  of  the  ceremonies  at  a 

tournament,     ii.    prompter  at  a  recitation,     iii.    one 
who  assisted  a  composer  in  making  verses. 
Buricchio  m.;fatn.  scherz.  pussy. 

Buricco  m.  (mlt.  burricus,  sorry  nag, 
cp.  Fr.  bourrique) ;  fam.  scherz.  donkey. 

*i.  =Casacca,  long  cloak,     ii.   pea-jacket. 

Buridano ;  Come  1'  asino  di  —  tra  le  due 
greppie,  between  the  two  mangers,  or  Come  1'  asino 
di  —  che  tra  due  monti  di  fieno  mori  di  fame,  like 
the  donkey  between  two  bundles  of  hay. 

•Burigliolo  m. ;  =  Bigonciolo,  tub. 

tBurima/:  (var.  of  Bulima);  crowd. 

Burina  (Burrina)y:  (var.  of  Bolina);  Andar  di 
— ._  i.  (mar.)  to  sail  very  fast.  2.  Jig.  to  work 
rapidly.  3.  scherz.  to  lean  on  one  side  in  walking. 

*  Burinatura /:  ;  =  Ritagli  che  si  fanno  intagli- 
ando,  the  residual  material  after  cutting  a  cameo. 

*Burin-o  m.;  i.  =  Bolina.  ii.  =  Bulino.  iii.  Via 
-i,  on  you  go ! 

tBurist-o  or  -io  m. ;  black  pudding,  v.  Sangui- 
naccio,  made  by  stuffing  the  gut  of  an  ox.  —  in 
costola,  using  the  small  intestine  of  a  pig.  —  in 
cuffia,  using  the  stomach  of  a  pig. 

Burla  /  (**bnrrula,  dim.  of  bit. 
burra,  v.  Borra,  and  Skeat,  sub  Bur- 
lesque); jest,  harmless  trick.  Mettere 
in  — ,  to  treat  as  a  joke  (what  was  in- 
tended for  an  insult).  Mandare  in  — , 
to  pretend  that  a  piece  of  rudeness  was 
intended  as  a  joke.  Ministro,  Medico, 
Professore,  etc.,  da  — ,  worthless. 

t  Burlanda  or  BorlandayC;  =  Flemme,  brewers' 
grains. 

Burl-are ;  to  make  a  fool  of,  intr.  to 
jest,  -arsi  di,  to  laugh  at.  Prov.  Chi 
-a  si  cpnfessa,  i.e.  you  pretend  to  be 
saying  it  in  joke,  but  we  know  it  is  true. 

.  *  i.  =  Rotolare,  to  roll  down.     ii.    to  throw  away, 
iii.   to  squander. 

Aff.  -atdre,  -escamente,  -e'sco,  -etta  dim.,  -eVole 
(i.q.  -esco),  -evolmente,  -onaccio  pegg.  vezz.,  -one  or 
-ona,  joker. 

*  Burneo ;  for  Eburneo,  ivory. 
Burnus  m. ;  burnous,  Arab  cloak. 

Buro  m. ;  French  word,  bureau,  v,  Burelle, 
etym. 

*  Buro ;  i.  =  Buio,  dark.     ii.  as  sb.,  cellar. 
Burocr-atico,  -aticamente,  -azia ;  bureau- 
cratic, etc. 

Burr-aceo;  buttery  (adj.).  -aia  f.;  \.  dairy. 
2.  dairy- woman,  -aio  m. ;  dairyman. 

Burrasc-a  (Borrasca,  Burasca) 
(**boreasca,  from  Gr.  ftopeas,  through 
Latin) ;  storm ;  also  fig.  e.g.  for  a  bad 
illness,  v.  Batosta,  or  scherz.  for  a  quick- 
tempered person. 

Aff.  -are,  -he'tta  or  -hina  dim.,  -ona  augm.,  -dso. 
Burrato  (A);=Imburratp,  cooked  witn  butter. 
*(B);  as  sb.  =  Burrone,  ravine. 

*  Burrina ;  v.  Burina. 
tBurrino;«.;  scoundrel. 

Burro  (Butirro)  m.  (L.  butyrum< 
Gr.  fiovrvpov,  as  if  from  /3o€r ,  cow,  rvpos , 
cheese,  but  if  the  use  of  butter  was  de- 
rived, as  Pliny  says,  from  the  northern 
nations,  the  word  may  very  probably  be 
of  Scythian  origin) ;  butter.  Una  pera 
che  e  un  — ,  a  most  delicious  pear. 
—  cotto,  butter  which  has  been  melted, 
strained,  and  cooled. 

Burrona;  i.  i.q.,  Spiccatoia,  free-stone  (peach). 
2.  =  Bure. 


Burroncello  m.\  dim.  Burrone. 

Burrdne  m.  (for  Borrone,  augm.  of 
Borro) ;  deep  ravine. 

*  i.  dark  forest,    ii.  Trarre  dal  — ,  to  relieve  from 
doubt,     iii.  in//.  =Monaci,  monks. 

Burrbso ;  buttery,  v.  Burro. 

*  Burugliare ;  of  a  stone  forcibly  thrown,  to  hum. 
t  Busa  f.  ;  die  for  stamping. 

Busarday:;  (mar.)  breasthook,  a  strengthening 
piece  towards  the  bows  of  a  ship. 

*  Busare  (A) ;  =  Bucare,  to  pierce.  (B) ;  =  Bugiare, 
to  tell  lies. 

"Busb-accare;  to  deceive.  Aff.  *-acco  (i.q., 
•Busbo),  *-eria,  * -ma  dim.,  *-o,  trickster,  rogue. 

Busca  /  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Buscare) ; 
quest.  Essere  alia  — ,  to  be  in  search 
of.  Ire  alia  — ,  pop.  to  get  oneself 
thrashed.  Andare  alia  — ,  of  dogs,  v. 
Buscare.  Gente  di  — ,  (mar.}  pirates. 

•(B);  =  Bruscolo,  speck.  t(C);  =  Buscola,  olive 
basket. 

Buscacchiare  (freq.  of  Buscare);  to  seek. 
•Buscalfana  f.;  poor  thin  horse,  v.  Alfana. 

Buscalfna  (Boscaina,  Boscalina, 
Boscaglina,  Biscaglina,  Buscarina)  / ; 
(mar.)  rope  ladder  for  going  on  board. 

tBuscantino  m. ;  i.  one  who  runs  away  with 
some  of  the  cargo  he  has  been  employed  to  dis- 
charge, ii.  stealer  of  chestnuts. 

Buscare  (Span,  buscar,  properly  to 
go  into  the  woods^  bosqui,  after  game) ; 

1.  of   dogs,    to    seek    or    hunt    after. 

2.  generally,  to  procure,  esp.  to  procure 
oneself   punishment,    or    blame.      *to 
pillage. 

'Buscarina;  v.  Buscalina. 

Buschera  f. ;  ill-temper. 

Buscher-are  ind.  buschero  (eu- 
phemism for  Buggerare);  i.  to  waste, 
squander.  2.  to  throw  away.  3.  to 
swindle.  4.  scherz.  to  trifle.  5.  pop. 
Vatt'  a  far  — ,  be  off  with  you ! ;  -ato !, 
as  a  sort  of  oath,  hang  it  all ! 

Buscherata  /. ;  pop.  nonsense,  lie. 
Also  as  an  exclamation  of  surprise  but 
implying  assent  like  the  E.  nonsense ! 

Buscherellare  (freq.  of  Buscare); 
to  scrape  together. 

Buscherinaio  /».;  scherz.  for  Buscherio. 

Buscherio  m.;  i.  noise,  row.  2.  large 
quantity. 

Buscherdne ;  pop.  prodigious,  awful; 
sometimes  spreg.  beastly. 

Buscheto  ;  Andare  a  — ,  to  catch  it. 
Buschettay;;  71.  Bruschette. 


Buschettay;;  v.  Bruschette 
*Buschia;  =  Nulla,  nothing. 
*Buscia/;=Bugia,  lie. 

*  Busciare ;  =  Bucare,  to  perforate. 
•Buscio  w.;=Busso,  noise. 

*  Buscione     or     Buscone     at. ;  =  Macchione 
thicket. 

t  Busco  m. ;  i.  =  Bosco,  wood.  *  ii.  =  Bruscolo, 
speck. 

t  Buscola /;  =  Gabbia,  the  basket  for  crushed 
olives. 

*  Buscolino  m.;  dim.  *  Busco,  little  speck. 

*  Buscone  m. ;  v.  Buscione. 

Busdr-6  or  -6ghe  m.  ;  i.q.,  Boldro,  angler 
fish. 

Busdcchi-a  /  (Busecchio  m.}  (akin 
to  Buzzo,  q.v.);  i.  tripe.  2.  sausage- 
meat  or  sausage. 

*i.  Pigliare  alle -e,  to  entice,     ii.  a  sort  of  girdle. 

Busecchfna /. ;  Italian  sausage. 

*  Busecchio  m. ;  v.  Busecchia. 
Busecchi-6ne  »/. ;  augm.  of -a. 

•Busia_/:;=Bugia,  lie. 
tBus(ca./;  =  Vescica. 

*  Busignare  ;=  Pusignare,  to  sup  late. 

14—2 


io8 


BUSILLI— BUZZURO 


BuSilli  or  Busillis  m. ;  difficulty. 

The  story  goes  that  an  ignorant  clerical  student 
reading  the  Breviary  came  to  "/«  die"  at  the  foot 
of  a  page  followed  by  "bus  illis"  at  the  top  of  the 
next,  making  up  the  phrase  In  dicbus  iliist  in  those 
days.  It  did  not  occur  to  him  that  diebus  was  one 
word,  and  though  he  thought  he  saw  the  meaning  of 
In  die,  viz.  India,  he  could  make  nothing  of  bus  illis 
which  accordingly  became  a  cant  term  for  difficulty, 
esp.  in  the  phrase  Qui  sta  il  busillis,  here  lies  the 
difficulty. 

*Busina  or  Busnay^;— Buccina,  trumpet. 

*Busin-eri  or  -ieri  m.\  trumpeter. 

*Busna;  v.  Busina. 

Busnaga  f.  (Span,  biznaga,  from  L.  pastinaca, 
parsnip);  (hot.)  tooth-pick  bishop-weed,  A  mini  vis- 
naga.  The  rays  or  stalks  of  the  main  umbel  of  this 
plant,  after  flowering,  shrink  and  become  so  hard 
that  they  form  convenient  tooth-picks,  for  which 
purpose  they  are  accordingly  used  in  Spain. 

*  Buso /«. ;  i.  =  Buco,  hole.     As  naj. :  ii.  pierced. 
Hi.  fig.   useless. 

*  Bus  one  m.\  (mus.)  some  kind  of  wind  instru- 
ment. 

Buss-a  /.,  obsolete  except  in  pi. ; 
i.  slap.  2.  fig.  Aver  -e  e  corna,  to  lose 
and  be  laughed  at  for  it.  3.  fig.  heavy 
loss  at  cards. 

Bussare  (either  <  L.  pulsare,  cp.  Fr. 
pousser,  or  M.H.G.  buchsen,  to  strike); 

1.  to  slap.    2.  to  knock  at  a  door.    3.  fig. 
—  alia  porta  d'  uno,  to  appeal  to  him 

for  help. 

*i.  to  resound,  ii.  —  a  formica  di  sorbo,  i.e.  to 
preach  to  empty  benches,  iii.  to  applaud,  clap, 
iv.  to  drive  birds  into  the  net  of  a  decoy  by  throwing 
clods  of  earth  on  the  decoy-frame,  v.  to  drive  fish 
into  a  net  by  beating  the  water  or  throwing  things 
into  it. 

Bussata./;—  Batosta,  serious  damage. 

*i.  v.  Bussare.     ii.   unfair  demand;  Dare  una  — 
a  uno,  to  ask  him  for  money  unfairly. 
BussatinayC;  dim.  Bussata. 

*Bussatoio  m.  ;  pole  for  driving  fish,  r. 
*Bussare  (v). 

*  Bussatore  ;  i.  v.  Bussare.    ii.  tiresome  beggar. 

*  Busseo  (L.  htxeus)\  of  box-wood. 
Bussetto  m.\  (bootm.)  stick  for  polishing  soles 

and  heels. 

tBussi;  =  Sussi. 

fBussilo  m.\  —  Bossolo,  box-wood. 

*Busso  w.  (A) (L.*wjr«j);  =  Bossolo,  box.  (B)(It. 
bussare);  i.  noise,  ii.  blow.  iii.  turmoil,  iv.  grum- 
bling, t  scolding. 

Bussola/  (var.  of  Bossolo) ;  i.  com- 
pass-box, compass-needle,  or  compass. 

2.  litter    for    the    sick    or    wounded. 

3.  horse-brush.     4.    door    of   a    room 
when  made  of  a  decorative  character. 
5.  screen  to  keep  oft"  the  draught  from 
a  door.     6.   Delia  prima  — ,  of  the  best 
quality ;     Delia     quinta    — ,    of    poor 
quality.    7.  name  for  the  place  occupied 
by  the  Pope  when  hearing  a  preacher. 
8.  =  Bronzina,  bush,  the  metal  box  or 
lining  of  any  cylinder  in  which  an  axle 
works.     9.  a  southern  constellation. 

tBussolaiay?;  box  hedge. 

Bussolante  m.\  i.  litter  bearer. 
2.  private  servant  of  the  Pope,  v. 
Bussola  (7). 

*Bussolare  ;=Strigliare,  to  curry  (horses). 

Bussolata  f.\  brushing  (a  horse). 

*Bussolo  /«.;  =  Bossolo,  box-wood  vessel. 

Bussol6tt-ow.;  wooden  cup;  strictly, 


one  made  of  box-wood.  Giuochi  dej  -i, 
conjurer's  tricks,  fig.  humbug.  Gioca- 
tore  di  -i,  thimble-rigger. 

*Bussone  m. ;   (wus.)  an  ancient  wind  instru- 
ment. 

Busta/  (mlt.  buxta^  which  is  either 
<  Gr.  wv£is,  or  L.  buxus ;  in  either  case 
the  orig.  meaning  is  "box  made  of  box- 
wood," cp.  Fr.  boite) ;  i.  paper  case  made 
of  card-board.  2.  envelope.  *  jewel- 
case. 

*  Bustacone  w.;=Bacchettone,  bigot. 

Bustaia/ ;  =  Fascettaia,  stay-maker. 
Bustaio  m. ;  seller  or  maker  of  stays. 

*  Bustello  ///.;  a  measure  of  capacity. 
Busticino  ;;/.,   Bustina  f. ;  dims,  of  Busto, 

stays. 

Bustinow?.;  dim.  Busto. 

Busto  ;;/.  (var.  of  Busta) ;  i.  bust. 
2.  corset. 

*i.    the  body.     ii.    corpse,     iii.    sepulchral  monu- 
ment,    iv.  waist  of  a  dress. 

*  Bustola//,=  Pustola,  pustule. 

Bust6n-e  m.,  -a  f.  ;  augm.  Busta,  large 
envelope. 

*  Bustorfio  ///. ;  sckerz.  learned  German. 

*  Bustrofedo ;  old  form  of  writing  in  which  the 
lines  went  alternately  in  opposite  directions  like  the 
furrows  made  in  ploughing. 

*Butenfiare  (?',  Kutifione);  to  be  cross. 
tButifi6ne  or  Budenfione  «/.;  =  Gonfione. 

Ety-m.  Cogn.  Lombard  dial,  hntafion  or  Imscnjl, 
Mantuan  bodenfi,  Roumanian  bosinjJo,  Proven^. 
bondenfla,  Fr.  bour$oi4fflert  to  puff  out  (for**bond- 
souffler),  all  <  root  boa,  to  distend  (cp.  Fr.  bander, 
v.  Skeat,  $nb  Boudoir,  Pout)  +  L.  inflare  or  snfflarc, 
to  inflate. 

Butirr-o  m.\  —  Burro,  butter.     Aff.  -oso. 
Butolayi;  (hot.)—  Limonio,  sea  lavender. 
tButolare  (for  Voltolare);  to  fall. 

Biitomo  ;«.;  (hot.)  the  flowering  rush,  Butomtts. 
*Butriow.;  a  kind  of  bird-net. 
tButtadori  w.//.;  saw-pit  frame. 
*Buttafuoco  m.  ;  i.  match  for  a  gun,  linstock, 
ii.  =  Mettimale,    mischief-maker,      iii.    loophole  for 
throwing  melted  lead  on  to  an  attacking  force, 

Buttafu6ri  m.\  i.  (theat*)  call-boy. 
2.  (mar.)  (a)  —  di  briglia,  dolphin- 
striker;  (b)  —  di  sartie  di  fiocco  e 
contro  fiocco,  spritsail  gaff;  (<:)  out- 
rigger ;  (d]  bumkin. 

*Buttaghera  or  Buttagra  f.\    \.  =  Bottarga. 
ii.  =Ovaia,  ovary. 

Buttala  in. ;  clothes-horse,  ///.  throw- 
it-there. 

Butt-are  (It.  botta);  i.  to  throw,  to 
pitch.  2.  to  squander.  3.  —  giu,  to 
swallow.  4.  —  giu,  fig.  to  swallow  (an 
insult).  5.  of  plants,  to  shoot.  6.  - 
all'  acqua,  (mar.)  to  launch.  As  refl. 
-arsi :  7.  of  birds,  to  settle.  8.  -arsi  a, 
to  give  oneself  up  to.  9.  of  the  weather, 
to  settle  down  to.  10.  -arsi  giu,  to  take 
to  one's  bed,  fig.  to  lose  heart. 

*i.   (arithm.)=  Importare,   to  come   to.     ii.   — 
cinque  e  tirar  sei,  i.e.  to  steal,     iii.  (war.)  —  vento 
=Venir  vento,  of  the  wind,  to  get  up.     fiv.   (mar.) 
—  in  sala,  =  Tracciare  in  sala,  to  lay  off  (a  course  on 
the  chart),     v.    -arsi,  of  wood,  to  be  warped. 
Buttarga  (Buttaraga);  -v.  Bottarga. 
Buttasella  f.\  (mil.)  signal  for  saddling. 
fButtaseme  »/.;  sower. 

Buttata   f.-,    i.    of   plants,    shoot. 


2.  spot  where  birds  settle.     3.  at  cards, 
the  first  card  led.     *blow. 

Buttaterra  f.\  in  alum  works,  man  who  throws 
the  paste  into  the  cauldrons. 

*Buttavanti  m.\  i.  =  Buttafuori,  spar.  ii.  a  kind 
of  spear. 

*Butterare;  i.  to  mark  with  pock-marks,  ii.  in 
spinning  tops,  —  la  trottola,  to  mark  another  boy's 
top  by  hitting  it  with  one's  own. 

Butterato ;  pock-marked. 

Biittero  m.  (A)  (Arabic  botor,  pus- 
tule); scar  from  small-pox.  (B)  (prob. 
<  bit.  **putulus,  dim.  of  L.  putus,  boy); 
herdsman. 

*  Buttigay;;=Bottega,  shop. 

*  Buttiniere  m,\  workman  who  cleans  buttons. 
*Buttino  >#.;=Bottino,  q.v. 

*Butto;  i.  syncop.  for  Buttato.  ii.  Di  —  ,  =  Di 
botto,  .suddenly. 

*  Buturo   m. ;    i.  =  Burro,    butter.  ii.    material 
resembling  pitch. 

Buzecca;  v.  Buzzecca. 

Buzino  m. ;  (ntin.)  a  kind  of  tufa  stone. 

Buzzaccio  m.\  Pegg.  Buzzo. 
*Buzzago  m.;  =  Abuzzago,  buzzard. 
*Buzzame;  v.  Buzzo. 

*Buzzecca  or  Buzecca  f. ;  Dare  in — ,  =Dare 
in  ciampanelle,  to  talk  nonsense. 

tBuzzeffe;  A  — ,  =Abizzeffe,  in  plenty. 

Buzzettaccio  ?«.;  sfreg.  vezz.  Buzzo,  esp.  of  a 
child. 

Buzz6tt-ino,  -o;  dims.  Buzzo. 

Buzzicare  ind.  buzzico;  =  Bucicare, 
to  stir.  Prov.  Tramontanin  non  buzzica, 
se  il  marin  non  lo  stuzzica,  the  north 
wind  follows  the  sea  wind,  i.e.  the  S.W. 
wind.  And  with  the  same  meaning,  Se 
scirocco  non  stuzzica,  tramontan  non 
buzzica.  La  buzzica,  there  is  something 
stirring. 

*  =  Bucinare,  to  be  rumoured. 
*Buzzichello   m. ;   i.    slight   noise,      ii.  fig.  = 

Raggiro,  plot. 

*  Buzzichfo  m.\  i.  =  Bucinio,  continued  whisper- 
ing of  rumours,     ii.  continued  slight  noise, 

*  Buzzico  m.\  i.  slight  movement;  Tirare  a  — , 
to  shoot  on  hearing  a  rustle,     ii.    Andare  a  — ,  to 
hunt  wolves  by  imitating  their  howl. 

Buzzinow.;  dim.  Buzzo. 

Buzzo  m.  •  i.  paunch.  2.  scherz. 
human  stomach ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  eat 
heartily.  3.  (fiers.}one  who  is  capable 
of  anything,  in  a  bad  sense.  4.  Di  — 
buono,  with  right  good  will.  As  adj. : 
5.  of  the  weather,  cloudy.  6.  (pers.) 
gloomy.  7.  of  an  animal,  ill. 

*i.  Esser  di  —  buono,  to  be  good-natured,  ii.  pin- 
cushion, iii.  beehive,  iv.  =  Bucio,  ship's  boat. 

Etym.  Germanic,  but  actual  derivation  un- 
known. The  lit.  meaning  appears  to  be  that  of 
rounded  thing,  and  there  are  several  sources  which 
may  have  formed  the  word,  such  as  those  indicated 
above,  sub  Bozza,  Bottone.  Perhaps  the  most 
probable  is  O.  H.G.  ^;iA>Germ.  Bauch,  belly. 

tBuzzoIay^;  (mar.)  grummet. 
Buzzonaccio  m,\  pegg.  Buzzone. 

Buzzone  m. ;  i.  augm.  Buzzo. 
2.  man  with  a  large  stomach ;  and 
similarly  Buzzona  of  a  woman. 

*h$>adj,\  i.  cross,     ii.  of  the  weather,  gloomy. 

Buzzuro  ///.(possibly  <  Germ.  Putzer, 
cleaner) ;  I.  Swiss  hawker  of  roast 
chestnuts,  etc.  2.  generally,  rough 

fellow. 


C— CACOZELO 


109 


>an. 


C  in.  or  /.,  pronounced  Ci ;  as  a 
Roman  number,  100;  with  a  bar  above 
it,  100,000.  Abbreviations:  G.C.,  Gesii 
Cristo;  A.C.,  Avanti  Cristo;  C.A.,  caro 
amico  ;  M.C.,  minore  conventuale  ;  C.R., 
chierico  regolare;  C.D.G.,  della  com- 
pagnia  di  Gesii ;  S.M.C.,  sua  Maesta 
cattolica,  or  cristianissima  ;  S.C.,  Senate 
consulto ;  R.C.,  regia  consulta ;  C/a, 
conto  aperto ;  C/C,  conto  corrente ; 
c.s.,  come  sopra.  I  tre  C  de'  vecchi, 
viz.  Catarro,  Cascata,  Cacarella  or 
Cacaiola. 

*Ca';  i.  =  Casa.    ii.  =  Capo. 
tCaagghieri  ;  =  Cavaliere. 
Caama  in. ;  hartebeest,  Acronottts  caama. 

Cdbal-a  /  (Hebrew  kabalah,  tradi- 
tion); i.  art  of  foretelling  numbers  in 
the  public  lotteries ;  Far  le  -e,  to  play 
systematically  in  the  lotteries.  2.  in- 
trigue, cabal. 

*  traditional  interpretation  of  the  Scriptures. 
Aff.  -are,  -etta  dim.,  -ista,  -istico. 
Caballino;  i.  Fonte — ,  the  fountain  of  Hippo- 

crene  on  Mt.  Parnassus.     2.  a  variety  of  aloe. 

Cabaldne  m. ;  intriguer. 

Cabina./  (E.  cabin,  v.  Capanna);  =  Camerino, 
cabin. 

Cabotaggio  m.  (Fr. cabotage,  <  Sp; 
cabo,  promontory) ;  coasting  trade.  Gran 
— ,  coasting  from  headland  to  headland. 
Piccolo  — ,  coasting  close  in  shore. 

Cabottiere  m. ;  commander  of  a 
coasting  vessel. 

Cabriole ;  v.  Capriole. 
Cacabfello  m. ;  a  species  of  wild  rose. 
Cacadispettiy?;  spiteful  woman. 
Cacadubbi  m.;  undecided  person. 
Cacai61ay^;  looseness  of  the  bowls.     Venir  la 
— ,  to  be  in  a  great  fright.     (Calze  0rCa1zoni)  a  — , 
not  fastened  up,  usu.  a  bracaloni. 

*CacaIasche  in.;  a  term  of  insult. 
•Cacaleria/;;  scfterz.  for  Cavalleria. 

CacaliayC;  a  sub-tropical  genus  of  Co inposiiae. 
"Cacalocchio ;  excl.  of  astonishment. 
*Cacaloro  m. ;  scfterz.  one  who  pretends  to  be 
rich. 

Cacao  or  Caccao  /«.  (Span. < Mexican  cacaiiatl, 
the  name  of  the  tree) ;  (hot.)  chocolate  tree,  Theo- 
broma  cacao,  or  its  fruit,  from  which  chocolate  is 
made. 

Cacapensieri  m.  •  T.  hesitating  person. 
2.  thoughtless. 

Cacapuzza/!;  castor-oil  plant. 
Cacare  (L.);  i.  nursery  term,  to  stool.     2.   of 
a  pen,  to  drip.    *  —  le  curatelle,  to  endure  great  toil. 
tCacarello;  v.  Cacherello. 

*  Cacasangue  m. ;  dysentery.     Also  as  excl,  of 
angry  astonishment. 

*  Cacasego  or  Cacasevo  ;  excl.  of  astonishment, 
or  as  a  mild  oath. 

Cacasenno  m.',  conceited  boy. 

Cacasentenze  m.  or  f. ;  =  Sputasentenze,  silly 
talker. 

Cacasodo  m. ',  self-consequent  fellow. 

Cacastecchi  m. ;  dirty  miser.  Also  as  excl.— 
Rabbia ! 

Cacata_/I;  lump  of  excrement. 
•Cacatamente;  slowly  and  badly. 
*Cacatessay^:  bad  woman. 

Cacato;  worthless  (book). 

Cacatbio  m. ;  privy. 
tCacatreppola/;  fright. 

Cacatura  /.;  insect's  excrement. 

Cacazeccnfni  m.  indecl.',  toy  figure  from  which 
counters  drop. 

Caeca  f.(vbtb.  of  Cacare);  i.  nursery  term  for 
excrement.  2.  haughtiness.  3.  rheum  in  the  eye. 

Caccubaldole  /  pi.  (It.  cacare  +  "to/Jala, 
corr.  of  L.  blandula) ;   wheedling. 
•Caccabelli  m.  pi.;  dog-row. 

Caccao,  v.  Cacao. 


tCaccarello  or  Caccaro;  v.  Cacherello. 
tCaccherume  in.;  dirt  in  the  ears. 
*Cacchiaccio  in. ;—  Minchione,  blockhead. 

Cacchiatellay^ ;  bread  made  of  the 
finest  flour,  used  in  making  pap  for 
babies. 

*  Cacchiatello  m. ;  grounds  in  chocolate  or  other 
liquor. 

t  Cacchiella./;  — Zuccotto,  priest's  cap, 
*Cacchio  in.;  the  first  shoot  from  a  vine-stock. 
Cacchioncello  m. ;  dim.  Cacchione. 

Cacchion-e  (Cachione)  m.  (etym. 
dub.};  i.  grub  of  the  bee.  2.  in  pi., 
ova  of  flies ;  Aver  i  -i,  to  be  restless. 
3.  young  bird's  first  feathers. 

*TJscir  di  — ,  to  have  done  with  melancholy,  or 
avarice.  tin//.,  =  Bordoni. 

*Cacchioneria  /  ;  =  Castroneria  or 
Spilorceria. 

Caccia  /,  with  //.  Cacce  or  Caccie 
(bit.  (ra«(zrc,<**captiare, extended  form 
of  L.  capture,  freq.  of  capio,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Catch,  Heave);  i.  chase,  hunting, 
shooting;  —  del  toro, bull-fight  2.  the 
game  caught.  3.  game-preserve,  ^.(mar.) 
chase;  Prender  — ,  to  take  to  flight; 
Mettere  in  — ,  to  put  to  flight;  Tiro  in 
— ,  chase  shot.  5.  game  of  ball,  foot- 
ball, etc.  6.  poem  on  the  chase. 

Cacciabdtte  f. ;  brassworker's  chasing-hammer. 

Cacciacavallo  m.  ;  (mar.)  fid,  a  bar  which 
supports  the  weight  of  a  top-mast  when  erected. 

Cacciachiavette  m. ;  punch  for  extracting  a 
peg,  etc.,  starting-punch. 

Cacciachiddo  ;«,;  extractor  for  drawing  a  nail 
out  of  a  horse's  hoof  when  the  head  of  the  nail  is 
broken. 

•CacciacornacchieyC;  (mil.)  mortar  for  throw- 
ing stone  projectiles,  Cornacchi. 
•Cacciacristo;  bad  (wine). 
•Cacciadiavoli  m. ;  exorciser. 

Caccia  febbrew/.;  (&»/.)=Centaurea, centaury. 

Cacciaffanni  m. ;  that  which  drives  away  care. 

Cacciafu6ri  m.  ;  (mar.)  out-haul,  rope  for 
hauling  out  the  clew  of  a  boom-sail. 

*  Caccia fus to   m.  ;   (mil.)  engine  for  throwing 
darts. 

*Cacciagione  f. ;  i.  game.  ii.  game-preserve, 
iii.  banishment. 

Caccialepre  /.;  (tot.)  a  species  of  hawkweed, 
Scorzonera  picrioidcs,  also  termed  Terra  crepola. 

Cacciamdsche  tit.;  fly-flap. 

Caccianfuori  m. ;  case-stake,  a  sort  of  gold 
chaser's  anvil. 

Cacciandci  m.  •  nut-driver. 

Cacciapassere  m. ;  scarecrow. 

Cacciaperni  m.;  drive-bolt,  drift,  rivetting- 
setter. 

Cacci-are ;  i.  to  pursue  (game),  to 
hurl  (a  missile).  2.  to  drive  away. 
3.  -arsi,  to  intrude  oneself.  4.  -arsi  sotto, 
of  a  horse,  to  plunge. 

CacciarellayT;  pursuit  of  waterfowl. 

Cacciarello  m.  ;  (tot.)  a  fungus,  Agaricus 
caesareus. 

tCacciascottey: />/.;  (mar.)  =  Pazienze,  sheet- 
bitts. 

Cacciaspolette  ;«. ;  in  gunnery,  fuse-setter. 

Cacciata/;  throw,  e.g.  of  an  eccen- 
tric. 

Cacciato ;  (paint.}  hard. 

Cacciat6ia/.;  i.  punch.  2.  (print.} 
wedge  for  holding  the  types. 

Cacciat6ra  / ;  shooting-jacket. 

Cacciatdre  m.;  \.  sportsman  ;  Gran 
— ,  head-keeper  to  the  king.  2.  light 
infantry-man,  skirmisher.  3.  groom 


standing  at  the  back  of  a  royal  carriage. 
4.  (mar.}  bow-chaser.     5.  hawk. 

Cacciatorpediniera  /. ;  (mar.)  torpedo-boat 
destroyer. 

Cacciavitey;;  screw.driver. 

*  Caccino ;  v.  Cavezzale. 

Cacciu  (Casciu)  rn. ;  gum  catechu,  from  the 
Areca  palm. 

Cacciucco  m. ;  a  sort  of  spiced  fish-soup. 
Cacciunde  *«.;  i.q.,  Cacciu. 
'  Cacciuola  J'. ;  i.   plasterer's  trowel,     ii.   dim. 
Caccia. 

*CaccivaccayT;  =  Biccicucca,  hovel. 

Cacco  m.;  Cacus,  the  robber  killed  by  Hercules. 
Prov.'.  Piil  ladro  di  — ,  a  worse  thief  than  Cacus. 

Caccol-a/  (dim.  of  Caeca);  I.  dirt 
in  the  nose.  2.  dirt  in  sheep's  wool 
near  the  breech.  3.  rheum  in  the  eye. 
4.  in//.,  gossip.  5.  Caccole  di  S.  Pietro, 
spreg.  for  the  inferior  clergy.  Aff.  -ina 
dim. 

Caccol6ne  m. ;  i.  child  picking  its 
nose.  2.  gossip-monger. 

Caccoloso;  dirty  (nose),  bleared 
(eyes). 

tCaccugnare;  to  make  difficulties. 

*  Cacefato  m. ;  obscene  equivoque. 
Cacetto  in. ;  dim.  Cacio. 

*  Cacherella  f. ;  =  Cacarella,   looseness  of  the 
bowels. 

Cacher611-07«. ;  i.droppingsof  sheep, 
rabbits,  etc.  2.  weakly  baby.  3.  Son 
passate  le  capre,  i  -i  fumano,  said  on 
observing  boys  smoking. 

*i.  scherz.  egg.     ii.  as  adj.,  aperient. 

*  Cacheriuzzayl;  silly  affectation. 

*  Cachero  m. ;  scherz.  privy. 

Cacher6so ;  one  who  makes  affected 
compliments,  tiresome. 

Cachessla/(Gr.  Kaxf|i'o);  i.  (med.} 
unsoundness.  2.  in  sheep,  the  rot.  Aff. 
Cachettico. 

Cachinno  m.  (L.);  loud  laugh. 
Cachidne ;  7'.  Cacchione. 

Caciaia  /  ;  cheese-room  or  -maker. 
*straw  cheese-cover. 

Caciaio  m. ;  cheese-maker. 
Caciai61-o  m.,  -a  / ;  cheese-seller. 
Caciato  ;  sprinkled  with  cheese. 

Cacico  (Caziche)  m.  (native  Haitian 
word) ;  i.  cacique,  chief  of  a  tribe. 
2.  crested  oriole,  Cassicus  cristaius. 

Cacimpero  m. ;  cheese  and  meat 
omelette. 

Caci-o  m.  (L.  caseum};  cheese.  Far 
del  —  barca,  v.  Bartolommeo.  II  — 
su'  maccheroni,  something  arrived  in 
the  nick  of  time.  Esser  pane  e  — -,  to 
be  on  intimate  terms.  Aff.  -61a  dim., 
-olina  sub-dim.,  -6so. 

*Cacita  _/. ;    painful   milk   coagulation   in    the 
breast. 

*Cacivacca^;  =  8iccicucca,  hovel. 

*  Cacocerdo  in.  (Gr.  «w6s,  «<>&>:) ;  one  with  ill- 
gotten  gains. 

*Cacochilia  f.\  bad  digestion  in  the  intestines. 
*CacochimiayC;  bad  digestion  in  the  stomach. 

Cacofonia  /.';  unpleasant  sound. 

Cacografiay^;  bad  spelling. 

Caconni  in.  pi. ;  droppings  of  silkworms. 

Cac6n-e/«.,  -a.f.;pop.  i.  person  loose  in  the 
bowels.     2.  (fig.)  timid  person.    3.  arrogant  person. 
•Cacozelo  m. ;  bad  imitation. 


1  IO 

•Cacri  f.;  i.  rosemary  flower,     ii.  tangled  mass 
of  trees. 

Cacto,  z>.  Catto. 
Cacuca/;  a  Spanish  dance. 
•Cacume  m.  (L.);  top.  . 

Cadari  or  Cadariti  m.  pi. ;  heretics  who  did 
not  believe  in  the  operation  of  the  divine  upon  the 
human  will. 

•Cadauno  or  Caduno  (L.  qitisqur,  or  usque,  ad 
vnuni);  each. 

Cadaver-e  m.  (L.,  akin  to  cado,  to 
fall);  corpse.  Aff.  -erico. 

Cadenza/;  i.  cadence.  2.  (mus.) 
cadenza,  a  flourish  given  by  a  solo  voice 
or  instrument  at  the  close  of  a  move- 
ment. *  =  Desinenza,  ending. 

Cadere  or  poet.  Caggere,  perf.  caddi 
caddsti  cadde  cad-e'mmo  -dste  ciddero, 
fut.  cadrb,  part,  caduto  (cogn.  Span. 
caer,  Provenc..  chazer,  Fr.  f^oir,<L. 
cadere,  to  fall,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cadence) ; 
to  fall.  —  sotto  vento,  (mar.)  to  fall  off. 

Cad&tto  m.  (Fr.  cadet,  <  mlt.  capite- 
tum,  dim.  of  L.  caput,  v.  Capo) ;  i .  younger 
son.  2.  cadet,  t  midshipman. 

Cadfce  /  ;  the  city  of  Cadiz. 
Caditano ;  of  Cadiz. 
Cadit6ia/;    i.  portcullis.     2.  hole 
for  dropping  stones  on  the  enemy. 

Cadmia  yl;  i.  —  dei  fornelli,  a  metallic  soot, 
consisting  chiefly  of  oxide  of  zinc,  deposited  in 
smelting  zinc  ores.  2.  —  naturale  or  fossile,  a 
mineral  containing  zinc  along  with  other  metals. 
3.  —  d'  arsenico,  a  white  deposit  formed  upon  the 
arsenious  acid  of  commerce. 

Cadmio  m.  (coined  from  Gr.  Kafyieia,  ?'.  Cala- 
mina);   (chem.)  cadmium,  a  metal  isolated  in  1818, 
out  of  a  mine  of  yellow  zinc  oxide. 
•Cado  m.  (L.,>Gr.  «aaps);  cask. 
*Cadrega_/;  royal  chair. 
Caduceo  m. ;  (mylhol.)  the  caduceus  of  Mercury. 

Caducita/  ;  i.  frailty.  2.  (leg.)  in- 
validity. 3.  last  period  of  active  life. 

CaduCO  (L.);  i.  short-lived.  2.  Mai 
— ,  epilepsy. 

•Caduno;  v.  Cadauno. 

Cadiita/;    i.  fall. 
3.  (mar.)  height,  or  depth 

*  Caendo  ;  =  Cercando,  seeking. 
tCafaggiaio    m.    (mlt.    cafaginm,   enclosure?); 

i.    head  forester,     ii.    name  of  a  street  in  Florence, 
iii.    Far  il  — ,  to  meddle. 

•  Cafagnare ;  to  dig  holes  for  tree-planting. 
Cafarnao  m.;  (ffeogr.)  Capernaum.     Andato  in 

— ,  eaten.    Vo  a  metier  in  — ,  I  am  going  to  supper. 

Cafetano  m.;  Turkish  dress,  caftan. 
"Caffa/;  v.  Caffo. 

Caffare ;  to  throw  an  odd  number. 

Caff-e  m.  (Turkish  qnkueh,  <  Arabic  qahmah, 
originally  meaning  wine) ;  i.  coffee,  a.  coffee-house. 
Aff.  -eaccio/c^f.,  -eaos0r-eaus,  summer-house, -eina 
the  alkaloid  of  coffee,  -eino  dim.  vezz. ,  -eista  connois- 
seur of  coffee. 

Caffetano ;  v.  Cafetano. 
Caffetti&r-a  / ;   i.  v.  -e.    2.  coffee- 


CACRI— CALAMO 


one  of  the  finest,  ugliest,  bravest,  etc. 
Ogni  bugiardo  si  mette  in  — ,  every  liar 
is  very  exact.  Also  as  adj.,  Un  occhio 
— ,  one  eye  only. 

Etym.  L.  caput.  The  most  probable  explana- 
tion of  the  present  meaning  is  that  the  word  is  from 
the  phrase  nut  caput  aut  naoim  among  Roman 
boys  in  tossing  up  an  as  which  bore  the  head  of 
Janus  on  one  side  and  the  beak  of  a  ship  on  the 
other.  The  change  of  /  into  /  would  be  due  to 
the  pronunciation  of  the  Germans,  who  were  great 
gamblers. 

•Cafila/.;  caravan. 

•Cafiso,  Cafisso  >«.  (Arabic  words);  weight, 
measure. 

Cafrio  m. ;  Kaffir. 
Cafro;  black. 

*Cafura/;  =  Canfora,  camphor. 

•Caggere  ind.  Caggo  caggi..  caggiono,  per/. 
cadei  cadesti  cade,  suhj.  caggia,  part,  caggmto ; 
poetical  form  of  Cadere. 

*Cagiola/;=Gabbia,  cage. 

Cagion-are  ind.  cagi6no ;  to  cause. 

Cagi6n-e/  (L.  occasionem);  cause. 
Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Cagion-^vole ;  of  delicate  constitu- 
tion. -6so ;  very  delicate,  -uccia,  dim. 
Cagione. 

•Cagiu  m.  ;  =  Acagiu,  cashew  nut. 
*  Caglia  ;  v.  Calere. 


.    (fig.)  f 
,  of  a  sail. 


fault. 


pot. 


Caffettifcre  m. ;  coffee-house  keeper. 
Caffettlno  m.  •  dim.  Caffetto. 

Caffettista  m. ;  one  on  the  look-out 
for  Caffetti. 

Caff&tto  m. ;  i.  piece  of  good  luck. 
2.  curious  circumstance. 

Caffo  m. ;  odd  (number).  Buon  — , 
stroke  of  good  luck.  Esser  il  —  dei 
belli,  dei  brutti,  dei  bravi,  etc.,  to  be 


Cagliare ;  to  curdle. 

*  i.   to  be  afraid,     ii.    to  give  up  pretensions. 
Caglio  m.  (L.  caagulum);    i.   rennet  or  other 

substance  for  curdling  milk.  a.  (tat.)  (a)  —  giallo, 
yellow  bed-straw,  Galiitm  vtrum,  also  termed  Pre- 
suola  zolfina ;  (*)  —  bianco,  white  bed-straw,  Galiunt 
mollxgo ;  (c)  —  porporino,  purple  bed-straw,  Galium 
purpureum. 

Cagna/C;  bitch,     t  poor  beagle  fish,  v.  Lamna. 

Cagnacci-o  m.,  -*f.;  pegg.  of  Cane,  Cigna. 

Cagn-aia  or  -ara  f. ;  t.  lit.,  dogs  barking. 
2.  uproar. 

Cagnato  in.;  disorderly  conduct. 

*  Cagnano  m. ;  a  small  river  of  Venetia,  now  the 
Botteniga. 

Cagnara;  t>.  Cagnaia. 

Cagnard-ella  or  -ina/;  a  screw  for  driving 
air  into  a  sub-aqueous  chamber,  named  after  Cagnard 
de  la  Tour,  its  inventor. 

tCagnar61o  m. ;  noisy  fellow. 
•Cagnazzo  in. ;    i.  =  Cagnaccio.      n.    as  atij., 
livid  with  cold. 

*  Cagneggiare  ;  to  be  savage,  cruel. 

Cagn6sc-o ;  dog-like,  surly.  Stare 
in  —  con  la  morte,  to  be  afraid  of  death. 
Lettera  -a,  the  letter  R,  as  being  difficult 
to  say.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Cagn-etto,  -etta;  dims,  of  Cane,  Cagna. 

tCagnia/;  i.  =  Selachio  gigante,  basking  shark, 
ii.  grey  shark,  v.  Eptanco. 

tCagnizza  f.  ;  —  glauca,  =  Primodonte,  blue 
shark.  —  nasuta,  (a)  =  Ossirino,  beagle  fish,  (/>)  = 
Lamna  smeriglio,  poor  beagle  fish.  —  vera,  =  Car- 
carodonte,  white  shark. 

Cagn-bla  /. ;  puppy.  Aff.  -olare  to 
whimper,  -ole'sco  puppy-like,  -ole'tto  or 
-olino  dims. 

•Cagnolo  in.;  i.  pup.  ii.  (vet.)  bow-legged 
horse.  tul  v.  Scillio.  iv.  in  //.,  in  charcoal 
burning,  air-holes  made  in  the  covering  of  sods. 

Cagnbtto  m. ;  i.  tool,  hired  bully, 
hanger  on.  2.  euph.  for  Cazzotto. 

Cagnudlo  m.  :  an  iron  wedge  securing  the 
clamps  of  the  carriers  of  a  bell  to  the  beam  from 
which  they  hang  (Sergent,  Arti  e  Mestieri). 

Cague  m. ;  Dutch  canal  boat. 

Caicco  m. ;  ship's  boat,  a  Turkish  word. 
tCaide  /  /»/.;  =  Dande. 
•Caiendo;  v.  Caendo. 

Caieput  m. ;  (tot.)  Mclaltuca  Cajnpnti,  whence 
oil  of  Cajeput. 

Caifasso;  Caiaphas.     Faccia  di — ,  savage. 

Caimano  m.  (Carib  word);  cayman,  Alligator 
Indus. 

Cainayi;  traitor's  place  in  Dante  s  Inferno. 

Cainca  / ;  bark  of  the  Chiococca. 

Caino;  Cain.  —  e  le  spine,  or  nelle  spine, 
man  in  the  moon ;  Razza  di  — ,  quarrelling  brothers. 


Urlare  come  un  — ,  or  Fare  cain  cain,  to  howl  with 
pain. 

•Caira/;=Carne,  flesh. 

"Cairo  m.;  extract  of  cocculus  indicus. 

tCaiza,  Caizzoni;  v.  Calza,  Calzoni. 

Gala/  (It.  calare);  i.  inlet,  bay. 
2.  ship's  hold.  3.  in  ship-building, 
lining  piece. 

Calaba/.;  (M.)  Calaphyllum  calaba,  the  bark 
of  which  yields  the  Balsamo  Maria. 

Calabbasso  m.;  (mar.)=Caricabbasso,  down- 
haul  rope. 

Cafabrache  m. ;  a  card  game  for  two. 

Calabrese  m.;  a  wide-brimmed  high-peaked 
soft  hat.  *  As  adj. ,  of  a  horse,  constantly  moving  its 
ears. 

Calabres&la/  or  pop.  Carabrisella; 
a  card  game  for  three,  in  which  two 
play  against  one. 

*  Calabria  / ;  low  ground. 

Calabr6ne  (Crabrone)  m.  (L.  crabro, 
hornet);  i.  hornet  or  any  large  bumble 
bee.  2.  (y?g-.)  =  Donnaiolo,  lady's  man. 

•  Calafao  or  tCalafa;  v.  Calafato. 

Calafatare  (Calefatare)  ind.  calafato 
(Arabic  yaUaf,  to  solder);  (mar.)  to 
caulk. 

Calafato  (Calafao)  m. ;  caulker. 

Calaguala  / ;  the  root  of  the  Polypodium 
calaiuala,  employed  as  a  sudorific. 

Calaina/ ;  Chinese  tinfoil  for  lining  tea  chests. 
tCalamagna/;=  Mela  francesca,  a  vanety  of 

PP  Calamagr6stide  / ;  (tot.)  a  genus  of  grasses. 
Calamai-accio><£r.,  -etto,  -inotiiius.,  of -o. 

Calam-aio  or  -arc  m.  (L.  calamarius, 
calamus,  <  Gr.  xaXa/ioj,  a  reed) ;  i.  ink- 
pot. 2.  (fig.)  dark  colour  under  the 
eyes.  3.  cuttle-fish,  Sepia  loligo,  also 
termed  Lolligine. 

Calamaiuccio  m. ;  dim.  Calamaio. 

Calamandra/;  a  fine  woollen  fabric,  used  for 
ladies'  slippers. 

Calamandr-ea  or  -ina  /;  =  Camedno,  wall 
germander. 

Calamaretto  in.  dim.;  v.  Calamaio  (3). 

Calamaro  m. ;  v.  Calamaio. 

Calamba  m. ;  a  scented  Chinese  wood. 

Calambucco  ;«. ;  also  termed  Legno  d'  aquila, 
one  of  two  woods  known  as  calambac,  lign-aloes,  or 
eagle-wood,  of  which  the  more  valuable  comes_from 
a  little  known  tree  said  to  grow  on  the  mountains  of 
Cochin  China  and  named  Aloexylon  Agallockum, 
the  other  is  from  the  Aquilaria  Agallocha. 

•Calameggiare;  i.  to  play  the  flute,  ii.  to  be 
idle. 

Calamina/;  =  Giallamina,  zinc  ore. 

Etym.  bit.  calamituz,  a  corr.  of  L.  cadmia  =  Gr. 
xaS/ifia,  calamine,  the  ore  having  been  discovered 
near  the  city  of  Thebes  founded  by  Cadmus. 

Calaminta  / ;  (tot.)  i.  the  name  of  several 
species  of  Melissa.  2.  —  salvatica=Nepitella,  cat- 
mint. 

•Calamistro  m.  (L.);  curling-iron. 

Calami ta  f.  (L.  calamus  =  Gr.  «a- 
Xa/ioj,  reed,  because  the  magnetic  needle 
was  floated  on  a  straw);  i.  magnet. 
2.  fig.  place  of  attraction. 

*  i.  Stance  — ,  natural  storax.  ii.  art  of  naviga- 
tion, iii.  — mangiacame,  a  kind  of  stone  for  tombs. 
Calamita  /  (U,  <  old  L.  or  Oscan  cadamitas, 
by  Sabine  change  of  d  to  /,  root  cad,  to  damage,  cp. 
Gr.  KTJ&O,  to  damage,  Sanskr.  kadanam,  destruction) ; 
calamity. 

Calamit  -are  ind.  calamito ;  to  magnetise.    Aff. 


•azione. 

Calamit6s-o;  disastrous.    Aff.  -amente. 


Calamo  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  xaXafwr,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Haulm);  i.  reed.  2.  pipe 
of  a  reed  or  of  a  pen.  3.  pen.  4.  arrow. 
5.  branch  of  a  chandelier.  6.  —  scrit- 
torio,  (*oA)  =  Cannella,  creeping  reed- 
grass. 


CALANCA— CALCIO 


in 


Calanca  or  Calanchia  f.;  i.  (mar.) 
creek.  2.  a  kind  of  stamped  cloth. 

Calandra  /  (Gr.  KaXdvfya,  root  cal, 
to  call)  ;  i.  crested  lark,  Alauda  cristate, 
also  termed  Calandrone.  2.  one  of  the 
Curcultonidae,  corn  weevils. 

Calandrell-a/,  -o  m.  ;  =  Calandrino, 
short-toed  lark. 

Calandriuo  m.;  i.  simpleton,  from 
a  character  in  Boccaccio.  2.  short-toed 
lark,  Alauda  brachydactyla,  also  termed 
Calandrell-a,  -o,  Lodolino.  3.  bevel,  an 
instrument  opening  like  a  pair  of  com- 
passes and  constituting  a  kind  of  ad- 
justable carpenter's  square  formeasuring 
angles. 

Calandro  m.  ;  i.  rock  pipit  or 
meadow-lark,  Anthus  campeslris,  also 
termed  Corriere,  Lodola  dei  campi, 
Lodola  piccola,  Spioncella.  2.  i.q.  Cal- 
andrino (3).  3.  calender,  hot-pressing 
apparatus,  ta  kind  of  instrument  for 
taking  levels. 

Calandrone  m.  ;  i.  a  kind  of  flute. 
2.  v.  Calandra  (i). 

Calao/*/.  :  i.  a  Chinese  dignitary.  2.  hornbill, 
Buceros  rhinoceros. 

Calappa  f.  ;  a  genus  of  marine  crustaceans, 
trunk  crabs. 

Calappidi  tn.pl.;  v.  Calappa. 

Calappio  m.  (O.H.G.  klappa,  trap, 
v.  Chiappare)  ;  snare. 

Calapranzi  m.  ;  tray  for  bringing 
dishes  from  the  kitchen. 

Calare  (L.  chalo  =  Gr.  ^aXato,  to 
loosen);  i.  to  lower.  2.  of  a  ship,  to 
draw  (so  many  feet  of  water).  3.  (intr.) 
to  go  down,  sink;  (Moneta)  calante, 
under  the  proper  weight. 

Calasanziani  in.  pi.  ;  an  Order  founded  by 
Calasanzio. 

tCalascione  m.;  a  kind  of  guitar. 

Calastr-a/;  i.  seating  for  a  cask 
or  for  a  gun  ;  —  d'  imbarcazione,  boat- 
chock.  2.  Rifondere  le  -e,  slang  for 
cutting  the  legs. 

Calastrello  m.  •  transom,  jointing- 
piece,  of  a  gun-carriage.  -  di  coda, 
trail  transom.  -  di  mira,  middle 
transom.  —  di  testa,  di  volata,  breast 
transom. 

Calastrino,  Calastro  ;  v.  Galestrino, 
Galestro. 

Calat-a/;  i.  lowering,  fall,  sinking. 
2.  inclined  plane,  slope.  3.  landing- 
place,  quay  ;  —  d'  operazione,  dock. 
4.  La  —  dei  barbari,  the  descent  of  the 
barbarians  into  Italy.  5.  Prov.  Pigliare 
una  cosa,  or  Pigliarsela,  a  quattro 
quattrini,  or  a  un  tanto,  or  a  un  soldo, 
la  —  ,  to  do  a  thing  in  a  leisurely  fashion. 
6.  Similarly,  Fa  tutte  le  sue  cose  a  -e 
di  cheppie,  he  takes  everything  very 
easily. 

Calatina  f.  ;  slight  lowering  of  the 
voice. 


•Calato  m.  (fir.  xaAatfos);  funnel-shaped  basket. 

tCalatr6ne  m.  ;  a  kind  of  bucket. 

Calaverne  (Galaverne)  /.  pi.  ;  (mar.)  battens 
(/it.  icicles?,  v.  Calaverno)  nailed  on  an  oar  where  it 
works  against  the  rowlock. 

•Calaverno  in.  (perhaps<L.  tjuilon,  jelly,+zw- 
Hitfti,  wintry);  icicle. 


*Calavrone;  i>.  Calabrone. 

Calazia  /  (Gr.  x^«f«,  hail);  (med.)  a  hard 
transparent  tumour  in  the  eyelid. 

Calbigia  f.  (bit.  **galbicius<  L.  galtineits, 
yellowish):  a  variety  of  wneat. 

Calca/  (It.  calcare);  crowd,  crush 
of  people.  Entrare  nella  —  a  farsi 
pigiare,  (Jig.)  to  go  where  one  has  no 
business  and  suffer  for  it.  A  — ,  in 
plenty.  Far  —  di,  to  make  a  point  of. 
Esser  di  — ,  to  be  a  rogue. 

Calcabile  ;  good  for  treading. 

Calcab6tto  ni.  ;=Nottolone,  goat-sucker. 

Calcabrina  f.\  one  of  the  devils  in  Dante's 
Inferno. 

Calcacerchi  in.  ;  driver,  tool  used  by  coopers, 
or  upon  the  hoops  of  a  ship's  mast. 

Calcachiddi  m.;  driving-bolt. 

Calcafogli  m. ;  letter-weight. 

Calcagnare;  i.  to  take  to  one's 
heels.  2.  to  spur. 

CalcagnatayC;  kick  with  the  heel. 

Calcagn£tto  w.;  =  Tacco,  heel. 

Calcagnin-o  m. ;  i.  dim.  Calcagno.  2.  i.q. 
Calcagnetto.  3.  Andare  in  -i,  (a)  to  make  a  noise 
by  stamping,  (/•)  of  wine,  to  be  very  strong. 

Calcagn-o  m.;  with//,  m.  or/  -i  or -a. 
(L.  calcaneum) ;  I.  heel;  (Lavoro)  fatto 
colle  calcagna,  bungled;  Battere  il  — , 
to  run  off;  Menar  le  calcagna,  to  run 
away;  Forza  ne'  calcagni,  away  with 
you ! ;  —  di  cacio,  hard  part  of  cheese, 
near  the  rind.  2.  in  typefounding, 
a  certain  notch  in  the  matrix  of  a  type. 

*i.  prov.  Quando  duole  1'  occhio  ungilp  col  — , 
i.e.  if  your  eyes  are  sore,  do  not  rub  them.  ii.  Tenero 
di  -a,  readily  falling  in  love.  iii.  Cascare  i  fegatelli 
dalle  -a,  i.e.  to  be  rolling  in  wealth,  iv.  Grattar  le 
-a,  to  give  useless  consolations. 

Calcagndlo  (Carcagnuolo)  in.  ;  i.  sculptor's 
chisel  with  a  notch  in  the  middle.  2.  (mar.)  heel 
of  a  ship's  keel. 

Calcalettere  m. ;  letter-weight. 

*  Calcantp  m. ;   sulphate  of  copper.     —  albo, 
sulphate  of  zinc. 

CalcarayC;  i.  " calcar "  oven  formerly  used  in 
glass  works  for  converting  the  materials  into  "frit," 
v.  Fritta.  2.  lime-kiln. 

Calc-are  ;  i.  to  trample,  tread,  or  by 
ext.  to  press  down  in  any  way;  -ato, 
crammed.  2.  to  trace  the  outline  of 
a  drawing  upon  paper  placed  under- 
neath it  by  means  of  an  ivory  or  metal- 
pointed  pencil.  3.  of  birds,  to  tread  ; 
to  fecundate  (eggs).  4.  (mar.)  to  stop 
(an  opening).  5.  to  drive  hoops  on  to 
a  mast,  etc.  As  sb. :  6.  limestone. 
7.  spur. 

Ktyiti,  As  vb. ,  <  L.  calcare,  to  trample.  As 
sb. ,  in  sense  of  spur,<L.  calcar,  both  calcare  and 
calcar  being  <  L.  calx,  heel.  In  sense  of  limestone 
<  L.  calcari-a  or  -us<calx,  lime,  v.  Calce  (B). 

Calcare-o;  calcareous.     Pietra  -a,  limestone. 

Calcastbppa  m. ;  —  da  calafato,  caulking  iron. 

Calcata^/.;  trampling.     *  beaten  track. 

Calcatoia  f.\  presser  for  pressing  out  creases 
in  a  hat. 

Calcatdio  m. ;  i.  ivory-pointed  pencil, 
v.  Calcare  (2).  2.  rammer,  for  a  muzzle- 
loading  cannon,  etc. 

*  Ca ica t ore  m. ;  i.  =  Calcatoio.    ii.  v.  Calcare  (3). 

*  Calcatorio  m.  ;  =  Strettoio,  press. 
Calca-treppa  or  -treppolay^;  (&>/.)  i.  eryngo, 

Eryngittm  campestre.     2.    star   thistle,   Centaurea 
calcitrapa,  also  termed  Spina  alba. 

Calcatrice/;  cockatrice,  fabled  to 
be  from  a  cock's  egg  hatched  by  a 
serpent. 

Etym.  Span,  cocotriz,  crocodile,  <  L.  croco- 
ililus,  the  name  of  which  was  taken  for  that  of  a 
fantastic  animal. 

Calcaturay:;  v.  Calcare. 


Calce  /  (A)  (L.  calx,  heel) ;  in  the 
phrase  In  calce,  at  the  foot  of  (the  page, 
letter,  etc.).  *  heel  of  a  lance. 

(B)  (L.  calx,  from  Gr.  xa'^'f>  gravel) ; 
lime.  —  spenta,  slaked  lime.  —  viva, 
quick-lime. 

*Calceamento  ;«.  ;  =  Calzamento,  shoe. 

Calceddnio  (Carcedonio)  m.  (from  the  city  of 
Chalcedon);  i.  chalcedony.     2.  chalcedony  of  Vol- 
terra,  a  kind  of  agate. 
*  Calceggiare  ;  to  kick. 
•Calcco  m.  (L.);  shoe. 

Calceolaria /.;  (hot.)  —  de'  fioristi,  wing-leaved 
slipper  flower,  Calceolaria pinnata. 

Calceolo  m. ;  a  genus  of  fossil  molluscs. 
Calcese  in.  (Gr.  napxricriov)',  (mar.)  r.  top  of 
the  mast  of  a  lateen  vessel  or  of  a  boat.     2.  leading 
block  of  a  tackle. 

Calcestruzzo ;  v.  Calcistruzzo. 

Calce'tto  in.  (dim.  It.  calceo);  slipper. 
Metier  uno  in  un  — ,  to  silence  him  by 
arguments,  shut  him  up.  In  poesia  Ii 
mette  tutti  in  un  — ,  he  surpasses  every- 
body in  poetry. 

*Calciamento  in. ;  i.  shoe.    ii.  shoe-lace. 
Calciante  m.  (It.  calcio)  ;  football  player. 

Calciare;  to  kick.  -  le  pelli,  in 
dye  works,  to  tread  (the  skins)  in  water. 

*Calcicare;  i.  to  kick.     ii.  to  trample. 
Calcidi  m.  pl.\  a  family  of  lizards,  Chalcidae. 

Calcina/  (It.  calce);  i.  lime;  Di- 
pingere  a  — ,  to  whitewash ;  —  cotta  or 
viva,  =  Calce  viva,  quick-lime.  2.  mor- 
tar ;  —  magra  or  grassa,  with  deficiency, 
or  abundance,  of  lime;  —  dolce,  weak 
mortar ;  —  di  galla,  flowers  of  lime ; 
Sentir  la  — ,  to  have  a  presentiment  of 
danger. 

Calcinabile;  calcinable. 

Calcinaccio  m. ;  i.  bit  of  old  mortar 
or  scraps  of  brick  with  adherent  mortar. 
2.  Aver  il  mal  del  — ,  (a)  of  birds,  to  be 
constipated,  (b)  (pers.)  to  have  a  mania 
for  building.  3.  gouty  deposit,  chalk- 
stone.  4.  in  pi.,  ruins  of  a  fallen 
building. 

Calcfna-cemento  in. ;  Roman  ce- 
ment. 

Calcinaio  m. ;  i.  shallow  pit  for 
slaking  lime.  2.  workman  engaged  in 
that  work. 

Calcin-are  ind.  calci'no;  i.  to  cal- 
cine, reduce  to  a  friable  condition  by 
heat.  2.  to  dress  (land)  with  lime. 
Aff.  -atura,  -azione. 

CalcineJlo  in. ;  i.  a  species  of  shell- 
fish, blue  in  its  lifetime,  white  after 
death.  2.  stone  in  mortar  from  lime 
not  properly  pounded. 

Calcino  m. ;  a  disease  of  silkworms. 

Calcin<5s-o ;  charged  with  lime,  or 
having  the  appearance  of  lime.  Aff. 
-ita. 

Calcio  ;//.  (A)  (It.  calce,  A) ;  i.  kick  ; 
Dar  de'  calci  alia  greppia,  to  kick  the 
manger,  to  return  evil  for  kindness ; 
Far  a'  calci,  to  be  incompatible.  2.  butt 
end  of  a  shot-gun,  or  of  a  lance.  3.  foot- 
ball. 4.  the  part  of  a  branch  nearest 
the  stem ;  Piantar  le  viti  a  — ,  to  bend 
down  the  young  vine  shoots  into  the 
trench  by  their  heels ;  —  della  paglia, 


I  12 


CALCISTRUZZO— CALLO 


the  grass  that  grows  at  the  foot  of  a 
crop  of  corn. 

(B)  (L.  calx^  lime,  v.  Calce,  B); 
(chem.}  calcium. 

*i.  Dare  calci  al  rovaio,  to  kick  the  wind,  i.e.  to 
be  hanged,  ii.  Tirar  calci,  to  die.  iii.  foot  of  a 
mountain. 

Calcistmzzo  or  Calcestruzzo  m. 
(L.  calcem,  structum)\  concrete.  Gettare 
il  — ,  to  concrete. 

Calcitrare;  ?-.  Ricalcitrare. 
Calciu61o  M.  ;  i.  the  straw  in  a  sheaf  below  its 
middle.     2.  heel-plate,  v.  Calcio  (2). 

Calco  m.\  i.  take-off  of  a  pencil 
drawing  by  pressing  it  upon  another 
sheet,  counter-drawing.  2.  the  impress 
of  a  relief  made  on  wax,  ?/.  Calcare  (2). 

*  i.  an  Athenian  coin.     ii.  rogue. 
Calcobdtto  m.  ;=Nottplone,  goatsucker. 
Calcdfono  m. ;  stone  ringing  like  brass. 
Calcogr-afia/;  (Gr.  ^oAto?,  ypa<£o>);  engraving 

on  copper  or  workshop  therefor.     Aff.  -afico. 

Calcbgrafo  m.\  i.  engraver  on 
copper.  2.  dealer  in  copper  engravings. 

Cilcola/  (It.  calcare);  treadle,  in 
weaving,  etc. 

*Calcolaiuolo  ;;/. ;  weaver. 

Calcol-are   ind.    calcolo;    as    E.     Aff.    -abile, 
-alore,  -atrice.     Bazza  -atrice,  stingy  person. 
Calcoletto  m.;  dim.  Calcolo. 

Calcolo  ;;/.  (L.) ;  I.  calculation ; 
Stare  a  — ,  to  be  rigidly  exact;  Tenere 
a  — ,  to  hold  (a  person)  to  strict  account. 
2.  (math,  or  med.)  calculus. 

Calc6sa_/;;  (slang)=Strada,  road. 
CaldayC;  (inetallurg.)  heating. 
Caldaccio ;  pegg.  Caldo. 

Caldai-a  / ;  kettle,  boiler,  copper. 
Parere  una  — ,  to  have  a  terrible  cold 
in  the  chest.  Avere  una  —  in  corpo,  or 
Bollire  come  una  — ,  to  be  always 
grumbling.  —  ausiliaria,  donkey-boiler. 
-  a  gallerie,  flue-boiler.  -  a  forni 
esterni  (interni),  dry  (wet)  bottom  boiler. 

Aff.  -ata  kettleful,  -etta  dim.,  -na 
dim.)  smaller  than  -etta,  -no  dyer's 
heating  vessel,  -<5na  or  -ona  augm.,  esp. 
meaning  Hell,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

*  Caldalless-o  m.,  -a_/I;  boiled  chestnut. 

Caldame'nte ;  warmly. 

Caldana/;  i-  sudden  heat  in  the 
face.  2.  fig.  sudden  anger. 

*i.  ?'.  Caldura.  ii.  Prendere  una  — ,  (a)  to  catch 
pleurisy,  (b)  to  fall  in  love. 

tCaldanfclla,/;  —  Cecia,  warming  pan. 

Caldan-o  m. ;  warming  pan.  Aff. 
-fno,  -uccio  dims. 

Caldar-ay;,  -o  «.;=Caldaia. 
*Caldarrost-a  f.t    -o    m. ;  =  Bruciata,    roast 
chestnut. 

Caldatore  m. ;  dam,  dam-stone  of  a  l)la>t 
furnace. 

Caldeggiare  ind.  calde'ggio;  to  ad- 
vocate warmly. 

Calderaio  m. ;  kettle-maker,  boiler- 
maker. 

*Calderata/;  kettleful. 

CalderinayC;  {war.)  donkey-boiler. 

Calderino  m.\  i.=Cardellino.     2.  =Caldanino. 
*Caldernay^;=Solatio,  sun-heat. 
tCalderno;  with  south  aspect. 
tCalderbne   m. ;    cauldron.     Esser  come   il    — 
dell*  Altopascio,  of  a  thing  in  great  abundance. 

Calder6tt-o  m.  •  copper  kettle.  Avere 
un  --in  corpo,  to  grumble  greatly. 
Aff.  -fno  dim. 


Calderugiay^;  (bot.)  r.  —  arborea,  groundsel 
tree,  Baccharis  halimifolia.  a.  Erba  — ,  groundsel, 
v.  Erba  (19). 

tCalderugio  «.;  i.  =  Calderino,  warming-pan. 
ii.  =  Cardellino,  goldfinch;  Hogli  messo  il  —  nella 
gabbia ;  ora  sta  s'  e*  lo  sa  pigliare,  I  have  put  his 
enemy  in  his  power ;  it  remains  for  him  to  make 
himself  master  of  him. 

Calderudla  / ;  kettle.  -  per  la 
colla,  glue-pot. 

Cald-etto  dint.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.\  v.  Caldo. 
tCaldiera/;  =  Caldaia. 

Cald-0  (L.  calidus) ;  warm,  hot. 
Darne,  or  Averne  una  -a  e  una  fredda, 
i.e.  one  piece  of  good  news  and  one  of 
bad.  Non  averci  ne  —  ne  freddo,  to  be 
indifferent  on  the  subject.  Mettere  il 
-  a  letto,  to  warm  the  bed.  As  sb., 
heat.  —  bianco,  white  heat.  —  ciliegia, 
cherry  red  heat.  —  rosso  vivo,  red 
heat.  '—  sudante,  welding  heat 

*i.  lifted  up  with  pride,  ii.  —  eterno,  hell. 
iil.  —  di  denari,  rich.  iv.  red  (complexion). 
v.  Farsi  — ,  =  sollevarsi,  to  rebel.  vi.  Calde  a 
lesso,  Calde  arrosto,  r».  Caldallesso,  Caldarrosto. 
vii.  Dar  —  a  un  negozio,  to  push  it  on.  viii.  A  — 
dj,  at  the  suggestion  of.  ix.  pleasure;  A  suo  — ,  at 
his  pleasure,  x.  Non  ha  tanto  —  che  cuocia  un  ovo, 
i.e.  he  has  no  authority. 

+  Cald6ni  m.  ^S.;  =  Alari,  fire-dogs. 

*Caldoso;  7'.  Calderno. 
Cald-uccfno  (/////.  vezz.,  -uccio  dim.;  v.  Caldo. 

Caldura  /  ;  heat  of  summer. 

Gale;  v.  Calere.  *  At  D.  Inf.  12.  27,  cale-cali, 
from  calare. 

Cale  ;  Calais.     Passo  di  — ,  Straits  of  Dover. 

Caleddni-o.  Nebbie  -e,  obscure  poetry,  after 
Ossian. 

Calefatare ;  =  Calafatare,  to  caulk. 

*CalefTare;  i.  to  invigorate,     ii.  to  chaff. 
tCal£gginey;;  =  Filiggine,  soot. 

Caleggiolo  ///. ;  reed,  Arttndo  donax, 
tCalegneiris    ///.;    i.  =  Ofidio  barbato,  bearded 
eel.     ii.    ?>.   Cepola  (2). 

Caleidoscdpio  m. ;  kaleidoscope. 

Calendario  m.  (L.);  calendar.  Non  aver  uno 
nel  —  ,  to  have  an  uncomfortable  feeling  about  him. 
SarJl  un  bravo  professore  ma  non  1'  ho  nel  mio  — , 
he  may  be  a  capital  professor  but  somehow  I  don't 
like  him.  Or  more  strongly,  V  ho  nel  mio  —  a  carte 
quarantotto,  I  simply  cannot  bear  him. 

Calende///.  (L.);  the  first  day  of  the  month. 
—  greche,  prov.  for  a  day  which  will  never  come. 

Calendimaggio  m. ;  festivities  which  used  to 
be  held  at  Florence  on  the  first  of  May. 

Calendula/;;  pot-marigold,  Calendula  ojffici- 
iialis,  also  termed  Fiorrancio. 

Calenz61i ;  prov.  vxlg.  Aver  la  paga  del  — ,  un 
pie  nel  culo  e  fori,  i.e.  to  have  one's  services  ill 
requited. 

Calenz61o  m.  (perhaps  for  **  Cadenzolo,  < 
Cadenza,  for  its  sweet  singing);  greenfinch,  ?-. 
Verdone. 

Calepfno  m.\  \.  the  earliest  Latin  dictionary, 
viz.  that  by  A.  Calepio  in  the  sixteenth  century. 
2.  by  extension,  any  big  book, 

Cal6re  (L.  calere,  to  be  hot);  used 
only  in  yd  sing.,  cale.  Poco  mi  cale, 
I  do  not  care.  Metter  in  non  cale,  to 
disregard. 

*  Forms  formerly  used  are  calea,  calse,  calera, 
caglia,  calerebbe  or  carebbe,  calesse,  calendo,  calente, 
caluto. 

Cal^sce  /  (var.  of  Calesse) ;  two- 
horse  carriage  with  eight  springs. 

Calessabile;  (road)  suitable  for  a 
carriage. 

Calessaccio  ;  pegg.  Calesse, 

Calessante  m. ;  fly  proprietor. 
Calessata/  ;  carriage-full  of  people. 

Caless-e  or  pop.  -o  m.  (Slavonic 
word,  cp.  Fr.  cahche^  Germ.  Kalesche, 
E.  calash,  orig.  from  Polish  and  Russian 
)  a  wheel) ;  one-horse  carriage,  gig. 


Caless-ina  or  -ino  dim,,  -uccio  dim.  sfireg.\ 
v.  -e. 

*  Calestro  ;  ?>.  Galestro. 

*  Caletta  f. ;  =  Fetta,  slice. 

Calettare  ind.  caletto  ( L.  calx, 
** calectare} ;  i.  to  make  a  close  joint 
by  dovetailing  or  otherwise,  to  key. 
2.  fig.  of  speaking  or  writing,  to  be  well 
put  together,  to  sound  or  read  well. 

Calettaturay:;  close  joint. 

Cali  «.;  saltwort,  v.  Erba  (64). 

Calia  f.  (A)  for  Anticaglia;  i.  old  rubbish. 
2.  old-fashioned  or  tiresome  person. 

(B)  (It.  calare);  chippings  of  gold  or  silver. 
Far  — ,  to  make  savings. 

Calibe  m.  (L.  chalybs)  \  {med.)  steel,  as  a  drug. 

CalibrayC;  calibrating  instrument. 

Calibr-arc  ind.  calibro ;  to  calibrate,  gauge. 
Aff.  -atoio. 

tCalibrio  nt.\  equilibrium. 

Calibro  m.  (Arabic  kalab^  mould);  calibre. 
*Calica;  v.  Caliga. 

Calicanto  ;«. ;  (bat.)  i.  —  americano,  Carolina 
allspice,  Calycantltus  floridus^  also  termed  Pompa- 
dura.  2.  —  giapponico,  Japan  allspice,  Calycanthus 
praecox  or  Cliintonanthus  fragrans. 

Calice  ;//.  (L.  calix) ;  i.  chalice, 
goblet.  2.  (bot.)  calyx. 

Calic-ettoor  -ino  ;«.;  dim.  Calice. 

Calicione ///.;  large  goblet. 
*i.  a  kind  of  marchpane,     ii.  unleavened  bread. 

Calic6  m.\  calico,  so  named  from  the  town  of 
Calicut. 

Calidrayi;  (omith.)  sanderling,  Caltdris  are- 
naria. 

Caliere  m.\  (mar.)  one  employed  in  the  hold 
of  a  ship,  holder. 

* Cahga  or  Calica/!;  ancient  sandal. 

*  Caligare  ;  to  be  dark. 

Caligin-e  f.  (L.) ;  mist,  fog.  Aff. 
-oso. 

Caligo/.;  sea-louse,  fish-lou^e. 
Caliornay.;  (ntar.)&  tackle,  T.  Calorna. 

*  Calisea  / ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 

Calissa/,  Calls  or  Calisse  m.  (Span. 
Cadiz,  where  it  was  first  made) ;  serge. 

Calisto  tn.;  the  Great  Bear. 

Calittra/  (Gr.  KaXunrw);  (^.)calyptra,  a  little 
hood   covering  each  of  the   small   flask-like  bodies 
which  comprise  the  fertile  flowers  of  mosses. 
tCaliziney:;=Fuliggine,  soot. 

Calla  /  (var.  of  Calle);  i.  sluice- 
gate, or  the  water  passing  through  it. 
2.  (bot.)  a  family  of  Orontiaceae^  arums. 

Callaia  /  ;  field  path. 

*i.  passage,  ii.  alley  in  a  town.  iii.  =  Pescaia, 
fish-dam,  iv,  Ritornare  alia  — ,  to  return  to  the 
subject,  v.  Arrivare  alia  — ,  to  come  to  the  point. 
vi.  Fare  le  -e,  to  interrupt  a  thing,  vii.  Essere  alia 
— ,  to  have  finished. 

*Callaiola_/j;  small  net  for  catching  hares,  etc., 
as  they  are  running  from  the  dogs. 

*Callare  /«.;  i.=Callaia.  ii.  =  Calare;  — com 
un  morto,  to  be  silent. 

*  Callareccia  / ,  =  Callaia. 

Calle  m.  (L.) ;  path.  Fare  ritroso 
— ,  to  go  back. 

*Calletta-/I;  i.  sluice,     ii.  gap  in  a  hedge. 

Callett ino  m. ;  sub-dim.  Callo,  corn  on  the  foot. 

Callic6cca  /.;  (bat.)  the  ipecacuanha  plant. 
*Callido(L.);  crafty. 

Calligraf-ia,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o  ;  caligraphy, 
etc. 

Callidnimo  m. ;  dragonet,  gurnard  or  other 
species  of  Callionymus.  — dragoncello,  Callionymus 
dracunculus,  locally  termed  Guatte,  Lodra,  Lambert, 
Vilisu,  Cuccuma  grossa.  — -  lira,  yellow  gurnard, 
Callionymus  lyra,  locally  termed  I.odrin. 

Callidsside  ;;/.;  (bot.)  Calliopsis. 

Callista  ;//.  (It.  callo);  corn-curer. 

Callo  m.  (L.  callum) ;  corn,  hard 
place  in  the  skin  ;  Fare  il  —  a'  rimpro- 
veri,  to  become  hardened  to  reproofs ; 
Non  avere  un  — ,  to  be  quite  ready  to; 
Non  ci  avrei  mica  un  —  a  presentanni 
al  re  ed  informarlo  di  ,..,  I  should  be 
perfectly  ready  to  go  to  the  king  and 


CALLONE— -CALZETTA 


tell  him  of...  2.  (surf.)  the  callus 
which  forms  round  a  broken  bone. 

3.  callus  on  the  inner  side  of  the  leg 
of  the  horse.     4.  in  meat  when  cooked, 
a  piece  of  tendon. 

Call6ne  ?«. ;  aperture  left  in  a  dam  for  barges 
to  pass  through. 

Callos-o;  callous.    Aff.  -ita. 

Call6tt-a  (A)  ;  m.  the  French  en- 
graver Callot,  who  lived  much  at 
Florence.  Figura  del  — ,  grotesque. 
Aff.  -e"sco. 

CaUbtta,  Calbtta  (B)/;  i.  a  sort 
of  cupola  rising  from  a  flight  of  steps. 
2.  internal  casing  or  cover  for  the  works 
of  a  watch.  3.  =  Papalina,  priest's  cap. 

4.  (geom.)   a  portion   of  a   sphere   or 
spheroid,  whether  less  or  greater  than 
the  hemisphere.    5.  (arch.)  spherical  or 
spheroidal  vault. 

Ktym.  diib.  The  orig.  meaning  was  "cap"  ;  cp. 
Fr.  calotte,  mlt.  trrt/ote.  possibly  from  Arabic  kaluta 
(B.  and  R.)  or  dim.  of  Fr.  cole  (Littre). 

Callottesco;  v.  Callotla  (A). 

*  Calluto ;  i.  =  Calloso.   ii.  =  Bernoccoluto,  lumpy. 
Calma  yC  (Fr.  caltne  or  Proven$.  chaume,  the 

time  when  the  flocks  rest  in  the  heat  of  the  day, 
<Gr.  (tav^xa,  KCU'U,  to  burn);  calm.  *  graft,  v. 
•Calmo. 

Calmant-e  ».;  soothing  drug.  Aff.  -ino  dim., 
•uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Calmare;  to  calm,  v.  Calma. 

Calmelea./;  (hot.)  mezereon,  or  spurge  olive, 
Daphne  mezcreum,  also  termed  Camelea,  Mezzereo, 
Olivella. 

*  Calmel la  f. ;  dim.  *  Calma,  graft. 
Calmeriay^;  a  dead  calm. 

•Calmiere  m.  (L.  calamus  in  the  sense  of 
measuring  rod) ;  price  of  provisions  fixed  by  the 
magistrates. 

Calmo  (A);  calm. 

*  (B)  Calmo  or  Calma  (L.  clema  =  Gr.  itXiJ^a,  vine- 
branch,  but  taking  its  form  under  the  attraction  of 
calamus);  graft. 

Calmolea  ;  -'.  Camelia. 

Calmucco;  muffled  up  like  a  Kalmuck.  As*£., 
coarse  woollen  cloth. 

Calo  m.  (It.  calare);  i.  loss,  waste. 

2.  drop  in  price.     3.    Prender  a  — ,  to 
hire  an  article  such  as  a  church  candle 
and   pay  for  the   part   of  it  which   is 
consumed.     4.   lowering  a  fishing-net. 
5.   waterfall.     6.   —  peso,  shortage  in 
weight,  or  for  foreign  matter  such  as 
sand  in  sugar;  Tolleranza  per  —  peso 
2  %,   no   allowance   for   short   weight 
under  2  "/„. 

*  i.  =  Calata,  slope,     ii.    Far  tara  e  — ,  =  Far  la 
tara,  v.  Tara. 

Oalbcchia/  (corr.  of  It.  cannocchia); 
i.  stake  for  vines.  2.  handle  of  a  flail. 

3.  =Rocca,  distaff.     4.  a  coarse  kind  of 
straw  for  hats. 

Calocefalo  in. ;  (Gr.)  sea  dog  or  other  species 
of  seal. 

Calofillow. ;  (fo/.)  a  genus  of  Vcets,,Calophyllum. 
Caldgero  m.  (Gr.  *oA<is,  ye'pwf);  Greek  monk. 
*Calognay^;=Ca!unnia,  calumny. 

*  Calomare  ;  v.  Calumare. 

Calomelano  m.  (Gr.  Ka\6v,  /«Xai>, 
the  word  having  been  coined  to  express 
a  white  body  derived  from  a  black  one); 
calomel. 

•Calonniayi;  v.  Calunnia,  calumny. 

Cal6re  m.  (L.);  i.  heat.  2.  (med.) 
heat-spot.  3.  pimple.  4.  v.  Caloro. 

Caloria  (Caluria)  /  ;  i.  dressing  a 
field  with  manure.  2.  a  field  so  dressed, 
or  one  which  has  had  a  crop  such  as 
maize  and  can  be  sown  without  manure. 
3.  unit  of  heat,  that  requisite  to  raise 

H. 


one  kilogramme  of  ice-cold  water  one 
degree  centigrade. 

Calorico  «/. ;  caloric. 

Caloriferaio  in. ;  one  who  attends  to  Calorifen. 

Calorifero  /«.;  heating  apparatus. 

Calorino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Calore. 

Caldrn-a  or  Cali6rn-a  f.  (corr.  of  Carnale, 
o.v.);  (mar.)  a  strong  tackle;  threefold  purchase, 
•e  degli  alberi  maggiori,  pendant  tackles.  —  di 
maestra,  main  tackle. 

•Caloro  or  Calore  m.;  contr.  of  Calogero. 

Calor6s-o;  i.  heating,  throwing  out 
a  good  heat.  2.  fig.  hot-tempered.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -ita. 

Caloruccio  m. ;  dim.  Calore. 

Cal&scia  (Galoscia)/  (¥<c.galoche< 
Gr.  icaAoTroSioK,  through  mlt.  calopedia, 
wooden  shoe,  by  the  regular  phonetic 
changes  **  c alop'dja,  **  calodja,  ga- 
loche) ;  galosh,  clog. 

•Caloscio;  feeble. 

tCa!6stra /  (L.);  i.  the  first  milk  of  a  mother, 
ii.  milk  of  a  pregnant  woman. 
Calotta  ;  v.  Callotta  (B). 
*Calpacco;  f.  Carpacco. 

Calpest-are  ind.  calpdsto  (for  Calce- 
pestare,  v.  Pesto);  to  trample  upon.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Calpestio  m.',  noise  of  trampling.    *trarapling. 
Calpesto  ;  syncop.  for  Calpestato. 

*  Calpicciare ;  =  Calpestare. 

*  Calpitare ;  =  Scalpitare,  to  stamp  upon. 
tCalsavdta./;  (bat.*)  maple,  Acer  campestris. 

*  Calsiamento ;  =  Calzamento. 

Calta/;  (bat.)  king-cup,  Caltha  palustris. 
•Caltela./:;=Cautela,  caution. 

*  Calter-ire  ;  =  Scalfire,   to   scratch,   to    injure. 
Part.  -ito.    i.  crushed  (olives),     ii.  hardened  (con- 
science),    iii.  crafty. 

Calucchiare  (dim.  Calare) ;  to  go  flat  in 
singing. 

*Caluco;  =  Caduco,  drooping. 
*Caluggine  /.;   down  of  young  birds,  boy's  of 
woman's  moustache,  down  upon  leaves. 
Caluma  f. ;  rope  made  of  grasses. 

Calumare,  Calomare  ind.  calumo 
(Etym.  unkn.);  i.  to  pay  out  (a  cable). 
2.  to  tow  slowly ;  Calumarsi,  to  lower 
oneself  down. 

Catamba./  (Columbo  m.);  the  root  of  Cocculiis 
palmatus,  now  called  Jateorhiza  palmata,  a  useful 
tonic. 

Calumete/K. ;  (hot.)  Mabea,  a  genus  of  Euphor- 
biaceae,  from  which  pipes  are  made. 

Calumeto  nt.  (Fr.  calumet,  a  corr.  of  chaltt. 
meau,  from  L.  calamellus,  dint,  of  calamus,  reed) ; 
calumet,  American  Indian  pipe. 

Calumo  m.\  the  length  of  cable  by  which  a 
ship  rides  to  an  anchor. 

Calunni-a  f.  (L.  caliimnia);  calumny.    Aff. 
-abile,  -are,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -osamente,  -oso. 
*  Calura  ;  v.  Caldura, 
tCaluviay^;  =  Favilla,  spark. 
•Calvariay;;  cranium. 

Calvario  m. ;  Calvary.  Parere  un  — ,  sckerz. 
to  be  covered  with  crosses  and  medals. 

Calvello;  Gran  — ,  =  Gran  gentile,  beardless 
wheat. 

Calvezza  ;  v.  Calvizie. 

Calvin-iano,  -ismo;  of  Calvin,  etc. 

Calvinista  in. ;  Calvinist,  scherz.  bald  person. 

Calvizie  or  Calvezza  /  ;  baldness. 
Calvo  (L.) ;  bald. 

*As  sb. :  i.  baldness,  ii.  the  forehead,  iii.  as 
adj.,  bare  (hillside). 

Calz-a/  (L.  calcetts,  shoe,  from  calx, 
heel, through  **calcea;  there  is  a  mlt.cal- 
cea,  but  with  the  meaning  "paved  road," 
whence  chausste;  as  the  parent  word  of 
Calza  it  does  not  seem  to  be  recorded) ; 
i.  stocking.  2.  knitting;  Far  la  — , 
to  knit.  3.  —  disfatta,  the  weakened 
wool  of  unravelled  knitting,  fig.  Di  — 
disfatta,  not  up  to  any  fatigue.  4.  Tirar 
su  le  -e  a  uno,  to  worm  out  his  secrets ; 


Aver  le  -e  legate  bene,  to  keep  one's 
secrets  well ;  A  tempo  che  si  tiravan  su 
le  -e  colle  carrucole,  in  prehistoric  times, 
•v.  Carrucola.  5.  cloth  funnel  for  filtering 
wine.  6.  —  espulsiva,  elastic  stocking, 
for  varicose  veins.  7.  piece  of  stuff  tied 
to  a  bird's  leg  as  a  mark,  or  cloth  for 
tethering  the  feet  of  a  decoy  bird. 
8.  feathers  on  a  bird's  legs.  9.  wick 
for  a  lamp.  10.  Tu  non  avrai  le  -e, 
you  are  bringing  stale  news,  referring 
to  the  old  custom  of  giving  a  pair  of 
new  stockings  to  the  bearer  of  good 
news.  ii.  Prov.  II  buco  nella  —  ci 
s'  ha  veder  sempre,  i.e.  he  shows  where 
he  was  brought  up.  12.  (walchm.)  double 
hollow  shaft  carrying  the  hands. 

*i.  —  a  staffa,  stocking  ended  at  the  heel.  ii.  — 
sgambata,  larger  than  the  leg  of  thewearer.  iii.  Farsi 
trarre,  or  tirare,  le  -e,  to  make  a  favour  of  saying 
something,  iv.  Legarsi  le  -e  col  salcio,  to  fasten 
one's  stockings  with  a  withy,  i.e.  to  be  rustic,  have 
country  manners,  v.  Aver  le  -e  ben  tirate,  =  legate 
bene,  v.  supra  (4).  vi.  Nuova  da  -e,  good  news, 
v.  supra  (9).  vii.  Fare  -e  e  scuffioni  d'  uno,  to  ill- 
treat  him ;  Far  -e  e  scarpe  di,  to  use  for  menial 
purposes,  viii.  Tagliar  le  -e,  to  spread  bad  reports 
about  a  person,  ix.  ribbon  on  a  bagpipe,  blown 
about  in  playing,  x.  =Gorbia,  iron  point  to  a  stick. 
xi.  —  di  ferro,  armour  for  the  foot.  xii.  in  //., 
=  Calzoni,  breeches,  xiii.  pipe  of  an  enema  syringe. 
xiv.  In  —  e  berrettina,  most  accurately,  most  per- 
fectly. 

*  Calzabraca  / ;  breeches  and  stockings  in  one. 
Calzaccia  f.;  pegg.  Calza,  esp.  in  sense  (9). 
Calzaio ;  v.  Calzare. 

*Calzaiuolo  ;«. ;  hosier. 

Calzante ;  suitable  (argument). 

Calz-are  vb.;  i.  to  lace  (boots) 
up  tightly.  2.  to  provide  with  boots. 
3.  --  un  mobile,  to  place  something 
under  its  feet  to  keep  it  steady.  4.  (intr.) 
to  fit  well,  lit.  or  fig.,  v.  Calzante. 
5.  Asino  -ato  e  vestito,  ignorant  silly 
fellow.  Part,  -ato,  (herald.)  shield  with 
two  straight  lines,  running  one  from 
each  top  corner,  to  meet  at  the  bottom 
point,  -ato  ricurvo  is  the  same  with 
curving  instead  of  straight  lines. 

•  i.  =  Ricalzare,  to  press  the  earth  firmly  down 
when  planting,     ii.   to  ram  home  the  charge  of  _a 
gun.    iii.  of  a  cork,  to  close  the  bottle  closely,    -arsi : 
iv.  to  wrap  oneself  up ;  Prov.  Chi  se  ne  calza  non  se 
ne  veste,  i.e.  ill-gotten  wealth  does  not  make  one 
happy,     v.  of  fowls,  to  clog  their  feet.     Part,  -ato : 
vi.    v.  Calza  (7).    vii.   of  horses,  =  Balzano,  with  a 
white  foot. 

Calzare  m. ;  boots  or  shoes,  usu. 
poet,  except  in  the  phrase  Andare  col  — 
di  piombo,  to  walk  with  leaden  shoes, 
i.e.  with  caution. 

Calzatdia  / ;  i.  piece  of  wood  or 
paper,  etc.,  placed  under  the  leg  of  a 
table  to  prevent  its  wobbling;  wedge 
to  keep  a  cask  steady.  2.  shoe-horn. 

Calzatdio  m. ;  shoe-horn,  or  piece 
of  leather  for  the  same  purpose. 

Calzatura_/^ ;  i.  boots  and  shoes,  or 
style  of  making  them.  2.  shoes  and 
stockings  combined  into  one. 

•Calzer-ino  m. ;    small   stocking.     Aff.    '-one 
augm. 

Calzerottf.no  in. ;  child's  sock. 

Calzerbtto  m. ;  i.  short  stocking, 
sock.  2.  a  kind  of  shooting-gaiter. 

Calze'tt-a/ ;<##*.  Calza,  fine  knitting. 
•Tagliar  le  -e,  i.e.  to  cut  the  legs.  Far  -e  di 
contrabbando,  to  make  love  secretly. 


114 

Calzettai-a/.,  -o m. ;  stocking  seller. 

Calzino  m. ;  =  Calzerotto.  Tirar  il 
— ,  to  die. 

Calzo  m. ;  style  of  shoemaking.  Ha 
un  bel  — ,  he  makes  shoes  in  good 
style.  La  pelle  di  vitello  ha  un  bel  — , 
calf  skin  makes  a  very  good  shoe. 

Calzolai-o  m.,  -a  f. ;  shoemaker. 

Calzolaiuccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Calzolaio. 

Calzoleria  /  ;  shoemaker's  shop  or 
trade. 

Calzon-acci  m.  pl.\  i.  spreg.  -i.  2.  tchen. 
pigeons  with  feathery  legs. 

Calzon-cini  m.  pi. ;  dim.  vezz.  -i, 
knickerbockers. 

Calzon-ci6ni  m.  pi. ;  augm.  of  -i. 

Calzdni  ;//.  pi.  (augm.  Calza) ;  trou- 
sers. -  corti,  knee-breeches.  Tirar 
su  j  —  (pr  le  calze)  colle  carrucole,  to 
be  uncouth,  lit.  to  pull  the  trousers  up 
with  pulleys,  v.  Calza  (4).  Farsela  ne' 
— ,  or  Empirsi  i  — ,  lit.  to  make  a  mess 
in  the  trousers,  fig.  to  be  afraid.  Da 
principio  andava  innanzi  con  gran  bal- 
danza  ma  poi  sul  piu  bello  se  la  fece 
ne'  — ,  he  started  off  most  bravely,  but 
right  in  the  middle  he  could  not  contain 
himself  for  fear  and  gave  it  up.  Portare 
i  — ,  of  a  woman,  to  have  her  husband 
under  her  thumb.  Par  Pimperi  in  — , 
prov.  of  a  silly-looking  fellow  dressed 
up  so  as  to  look  still  more  silly. 

Calzonucci  m.  ft.;  dim.  spreg.  Calzoni. 
Calzudlo  m. ;  i.  leather  socket  for  carrying  the 
butt  of  a  flagstaff  in  a  procession.     2.  -  Calzatoia  (i). 
Cam;  i.  Ham,  the  son  of  Noah.   2.=Can,khan. 
Cama  f. ;  a  genus  of  molluscs,  Chama. 
*Camacco  »t. ;  hammock. 
*Camacino  m.;  double-pointed  lance. 
*  Camaglio  nt. ;  close-meshed  mail  armour  round 
the  neck. 

Camaldolare  ;  v.  Camaldoli  (3). 
Camaldolense  ;  belonging  to  the  Order  founded 
by  S.  Romoaldo  of  Camaldoli. 

Camaldolese ;  of  the  Camaldoli  at  Florence. 

Camaldoli  m. ;  i.  a  place  in  the 
Apennines,  near  Arezzo.  2.  a  suburb 
above  Naples.  3.  a  low  quarter  on  the 
left  bank  of  the  Arno  at  Florence; 
whence  Camaldolare,  to  talk  Billings- 
gate. 

Camaleonc  ;«.;  i.  T.  Camaleonte.  2.=Car- 
lina  bianca,  stalkless  carline  thistle. 

Camale-onte  (-one)  >«.,  -ontessa  /.  (Gr., 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Chameleon) ;  i.  chameleon.  2.  Cama- 
leonte verde,  green  manganate  of  potash. 

Camamina  or  Camelinay:;  (tot.)  =  Dorella, 
gold-of-pleasure. 

Camangiare  in.  (for  capo-mangiare, 
//'/.  beginning  of  eating) ;  herbs  or  other 
things  eaten  as  an  accompaniment  to 
food. 

Camarillay:  (Spanish  word);  clique,  camarilla. 
Camarlinga  f.\  nun  who  acts  as  stewardess 
in  a  convent.     *  maid  of  honour. 
Camarlingato  iti.;  bursarship. 
Camarlingherfay;;  offices  of  a  chamberlain. 

Camarlingo  (Camarlinga)  m. ;  bur- 
sar, v .  Ciamberlano. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  camarlenc,  chamarlenc, 
Germ.  Kammerling<O.H.G.  chamarlinc.  "The 
syllable  line  which  is  Germanic  proves  that  though 
the  German  Kammer  comes  from  Latin  the  deriva- 
tive ckambellanc  and  other  forms  have  been  borrowed 
by  the  Romance  languages  from  Germanic  forms" 
(Littr<0. 

•Camarlingone;  tall. 

tCamarone  in. ;  old  worn-out  ox,  or  horse,  or, 
qvasi-jig.t  man. 


CALZETTAIA— CAMICIA 


*  Camarra  or  Gamarra/ ;  leather  strap  passing 
from  the  girths  to  the  nose-band  of  a  horse. 
Camato  m.  ;  =  Scamalo,  pole. 

Camauro  m.  (corr.  of  mlt.  camelau- 
cu»i=\a.te  Gr.  nap^avKiov,  a  cap,  of 
doubtful  origin);  cap  worn  over  the 
head  and  ears  by  the  Pope. 

Cambelldtto  m  ;  =  Cammellotto,  camlet,  a  kind 
of  cloth. 

Cambiabile ;  exchangeable. 

Cambial-e  /  ;  bill  of  exchange, 
di    piazza,   local    bill.       -    a    compdo, 
accommodation   bill.     Aff.   -e"tta,   -ina, 
-uccia  dims. 

Cambi-amento  m.\  v.  -are. 

Cambiamon^te  m. ;  money-changer. 

Cambiare,  with  a  variant  Cangiare, 
q.v.  (mlt.  cambiare,  L.  cambiri,  of  Celtic 
origin,  cp.  Irish  cimb,  tribute,  gaimbin, 
interest  on  a  loan,  gombeen  man,  money- 
lender) ;  to  change,  to  exchange. 

Cambiari-o ;  Legge  -a,  law  relating 
to  bills  of  exchange. 

Cambiatario  in. ;  (mar.)  borrower  on  bottomry. 

Cambiat6re  m.  ;  =  Cambiamonete. 

•Cambiatura  f.;  change.  Viaggiare  a  — ,  to 
change  horses  at  every  post. 


8.  (mar.)  —  di  poppa,  or  —  del  consiglio, 
after-cabin,  saloon ;  —  di  una  lancia, 
the  stern  sheets.  9.  (ftydraul.)  lock- 
chamber. 


*i.    Donna  da 


=  Cameriera.     ii.    Guardare  la 


Cambiavalute  m.  ;  paper-money 
changer. 

*Cambievole  ;  =  Scambievole,  mutual. 

Cambio  m. ;  exchange,  rate  of  ex- 
change. Corso  del  — ,  current  rate  of 
exchange.  L'  arte  del  — ,  or  II  — ,  the 
guild  of  exchanges,  one  of  the  Arti 
minori  of  medieval  Florence.  Mettere 
a  — ,  to  put  out  (money)  at  interest. 

Cambise  ;  Cambyses. 
Cambista  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Cambiavalute. 
2.  (mar.)  lender  on  bottomry. 

Camb6gia  /.  (from  the  town  of  the  same  name 
in  Ceylon)  ;=Gommagotta,  gamboge,  a  gum  resin 
derived  from  various  species  of  plants. 

*  Cambra,  Cambragio  or  Cambraia ;  =  Cambri. 

Cambrl  (from  Cambrai  in  Flanders) 
in. ;  cambric. 

Cambrigli6ne  m.  (Fr.  cambrillon<cambrerl 
to  bend,  <  L.  camera,  vault,  v.  Camera) ;  stiffening 
piece  at  the  back  of  a  shoe,  above  the  heel. 

Cambrdssene  m.:  (bot.)=  Ligustro,  privet, 
Cambusa./  (Dutch  kombuis,  through  Fr.  cam. 
base,  i'.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Caboose);  (mar.)  cook's 

CamecSraso  in. ;  (bat.)  a  shrub,  Lonicera 
tatarica. 

Cameciparisso  m.  (Gr.  xaMoi,  on  the  ground ; 
«virapi<7(r<K,  cypress) ;  (bot.)  lavender  cotton,  Saiito- 
lina  cknmaecyparissus. 

CamedafneyT;  (bot.)  Daphne  laitreola. 

Camedrio  m.  (Gr.  xa/uoi,  5pv«,  oak);  (<W.)= 
Erba  querciola,  wall  germander. 

Camelea  ;  v .  Calmelea. 

Camelia/;  (bot.)  i.  —  giapponica,  Camellia 
japonica,  also  termed  Rosone  del  Giappone.  2.  — 
della  Madonna,  Our  Lady's  camellia,  Camellia 
japonica  alba  jlore  plena. 

Camelinay!;  i.o.  Camamina. 

Camelino,  Camelo,  etc.;  v.  Cammellino,  etc. 

Camelopardo  m.  (L.);  =  Giraffa.  giraffe. 

Camena/;  Etruscan  term  for  Musa,  muse. 

Camepizio  m.  (Gr.  x"*-"",  «rm/j,  P'ne) ;  (bot.) 
Tencrium  chamaepitys,  germander. 

Camera  /  (L.,  <  Gr.  KapApa,  vault, 
root  cam,  to  bend);  i.  room.  2.  treasury 
(of  a  State).  3.  chamber,  representative 
body.  4.  Di  — ,  attached  to  the  court 
of  a  sovereign  or  the  Pope.  5.  chamber 
of  a  gun-barrel.  6.  —  di  premitrecce, 
stuffing  box  in  a  piece  of  machinery. 
7.  annealing  arch  in  a  glass  works. 


Tesoro.  x.  —  d'  impero,  the  Ghibelline  cities  of 
Tuscany.  xi.  —  comune,  popular  government. 
xii.  subordinate  place,  colony,  xiii.  place  of  refuge. 
xiv.  place  of  abode,  xv.  jfig.  store-room  (of  lies), 
xvi.  Far  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  spend  it  profusely,  xvii.  = 
Nicchio,  conch-shell. 

*  Cameraio  m.;  chamberlain. 

Camerale ;  v.  Camera  (3). 

*Camerario;  v.  Cameriere  segreto. 

Camerata/;  i.  group  (of  school- 
boys); Far  — ,  to  chum  together. 
2.  dormitory.  3.  m. ;  comrade. 

*  i.  division  of  soldiers  or  of  artillery,     ii.  Signori 
di  — ,  privy  councillors. 

Camerazzo  m. ;  household  servant 
at  a  Court. 

Camerfella^;  i.  dim.  Camera.  2.  (bot.)  glume, 
shell  containing  the  seed,  in  grasses. 

*i.  cell  of  a  honey-comb,     ii.  bed-curtains. 

Cameretta  /. ;  dim.  Camera,  esp.  eupk.  for 
latrine. 

Camerier-a  /. ;  i.  lady's  maid. 
2.  (mar.)  stewardess. 

Cameriere    m.  ;     i.     man-servant. 
2.    waiter.     3.    (mar.)   steward.     4.    - 
segreto,  (a)  a  Court  official,  gentleman 
of  the  bed-chamber,  (6)  title  of  a  bishop. 

Camerier-ina,  -ino  dims.  v?zz.,  -6na  augm., 
-uccia,  -uccio  dims.  spreg,\  v.  -a  or -e. 
CamerinayC;  dim.  vezz.  Camera. 

Camerino  m. ;  i.  (theai.)  place  for 
the  actors  when  oflf  the  stage.  2.  box- 
office  or  manager's  room.  3.  (mar.) 
cabin,  state-room;  —  di  veglia,  chart- 
room.  4.  (euph.)  privy. 

Camerista  f. ;  lady-in-waiting  to  a  princess. 
tCamerlingo;  z'.  Camarlingo. 

Camer6n-a/l,  -e  m. ;  augms.  of  Camera. 

Camerdpo  m.  (Gr.  \apai,  on  the  ground ; 
peVu,  to  sink) ;  (bot.)  brush  palm,  Chamacrops 
httmilis;  it  is  the  only  European  species  of  palm. 

Camerdtto  m. ;  i.  =  Cameretta.  2.  (mar.) 
captain's  cabin-boy. 

Camerucciay/,  dim.  spreg.  Camera. 

Camice  m. ;  (eccl.)  alb. 

Camice'tta  /. ;  i.  chemisette,  gari- 
baldi. 2.  (bot.)  involucre. 

Camicia/  (cogu.  Fr.  chemise,  Pro- 
venq.  and  Span,  camisa,  <  L.  camisia, 
in  St  Jerome,  which  is  the  oldest  in- 
stance of  the  word;  more  or  less  similar 
words  occur  in  O.H.G.  hamidi,  Welsh 
camse,  and  Arabic  qamic,  but  whether 
any  of  these  contains  the  origin  of  the 
Romance  word  is  not  known,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Chemise,  and  p.  754,  root 
Kam)\  i.  shirt.  2.  paper  wrapper  or 
any  other  kind  of  cover.  3.  La  —  dei 
ceri,  the  external  surface  of  wax  candles. 
4.  in  casting  a  statue,  plaster  incrusta- 
tion upon  the  wax.  5.  —  di  forza,  strait 
jacket.  6.  (bot.)  eryngo,  Eryngium 
campestre.  7.  straw  jacket  to  protect  a 
beehive.  8.  —  a  scheletro,  shirt  trans- 
versely ribbed.  9.  Gente  grande  - 
corta,  poor  folk  pretending  to  be  rich. 
10.  Andar  tra  la  —  e  la  gonnella,  lit.  to 
go  between  the  shirt  and  the  gown, 
i.e.  of  food,  to  disagree,  to  do  no  good, 
n.  Aver  la  —  sudicia,  to  know  one  is 


CAMICIACCIA— CAMPANELLA 


in  fault.  1 2.  Aver  la  —  a  rovescio,  lit. 
to  have  one's  shirt  wrong  side  out,  i.e.  to 
have  got  out  of  bed  the  wrong  side,  be 
in  a  bad  humour.  13.  the  internal 
pellicle  of  a  chestnut.  14.  (mar.)  skin 
of  a  sail. 

*i.  Spogliarsi  in  — ,  to  strip  to  one's  shirt,  make 
every  exertion,  ii.  Batterein — ,  to  loiter,  iii.  a  kind 
of  fortification. 

Camici-accia/:;  pegg.  -a. 

Camiciai-ayl,  -o  m.\  shirt-maker. 

Camiciata/!;  violent  sweat,  making  a  change 
of  shirt  necessary. 

*(«//.)  night  attack,  when  a  white  shirt  was  worn 
over  the  armour,  so  that  the  soldiers  were  visible  to 
each  other. 

Camicf-na/ ;  dim.  Camicia.  -no  m. ; 
i.  dressing  jacket.  2.  lining  of  a  fur- 
nace. 

*Camicio  ;«.  ;  =  Camice,  alb. 

Camicibl-ayC ;  r.  vest,  flannel  waist- 
coat. 2.  false  shirt-front,  dicky.  3.  strait 
waistcoat.  4.  Far  — ,  at  cards,  to  play 
so  as  to  lose  on  purpose.  5.  Aver  la  — , 
of  a  glass,  to  be  dirty.  Aff.  -aio,  maker 
of  -e,  -ma  dim.  child's  vest  or  very  thin 
vest,  -fno  baby's  vest,  -6ne  augm. 

Camici-one  m.,  -6na/ ;  augm.  of  -a. 

Camicibtto  m. ;  blouse. 

Camici-uccia./;  dim.  sprtg.  of -a. 

Cam-inare,  -ino,  ecc. ;  if.  Camm-. 

Cami6ne  m.  (Fr.  camion,  further 
etym.  unkn.) ;  small  cart  or  two-wheeled 
barrow. 

*Camisayt;  =  Camicia,  shirt. 

*  Camiscia ./ :  i.  =  Camicia,  shirt,    ii.  =  Camice, 
alb.     iii.    supporting  wall  of  an  earthwork. 

'Camiscio  >«.  ;-Camice,  alb. 
*Camit-a,  -ico;  of  the  race  of  Ham. 

*  Cammei ;  pi.  of  Cammello. 
Cammeino  in. ;  dim.  Cammeo. 

Cammeista  m. ;  cutter  of,  or  con- 
noisseur in  cameos. 

Cammell-aio  or  -ario  m. ;  camel- 
driver. 

•Cammelletto  »(.;  small  cannon. 

Cammelliere  ///. ;  camel-driver. 

Cammell-o  m.,  -a  jf.  (L.  <  Gr.  «<i/i7|Ao5,  = 
Hebrew  gatnal  or  Arabic  djamal)',  i.  camel. 
2.  (war.)  a  contrivance  for  floating  up  a  vessel 
wliich  it  is  desired  to  move  across  a  bar. 

Cammellbtto  m.;  camlet,  a  stuff 
made  of  wool  and  goat's  hair. 

Etym.  Corn.  Fr.  cametot,  Span,  camelote, 
doubtless  <  Arabic  khamlat,  meaning  this  kind  of 
stuff.  Some  authorities  however,  stating  that  camel's 
hair  was  formerly  employed  in  making  it,  connect  it 
with  L.  camelus.  V.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sui  Camlet. 

Cammeo  m. ;  cameo,  stone  cut  in  relief. 

Etym.  Cogn.  mlt.  canurus,  camakttttts,  cama- 
htlus,  old  Fr.  camaieu.  Span,  and  Portug.  cama/eu, 
camafeio.  Diez  conjectures  an  origin  in  ** com- 
matuium  <  Gr.  itonna,  a  stamped  coin.  Littre 
connects  it  with  Gr.  «a/Ltcw,  to  work.  Hatzfeld 
and  Darmstetter  assign  it  to  **camateum,<Gr. 
xafiarewtp,  to  work. 

Camminare  (It.  cammino,  B);  i.  to 
walk.  2.  fig.  to  proceed. 

IS"  Conjugated  with  Avere. 

Cammin-ata  / ;  i.  Fare  una  — ,  to 
go  for  a  walk.  2.  =  Camminatura,  gait. 

*i.  sitting-room,  ii.  passage,  corridor,  iii.  =  Cam- 
mino, stove,  iv.  =Cammino,  road  ;  —  d'  Una  strada, 
the  whole  length  of  a  road. 

Aff._  -atfna  short  walk,  -atora,  -atore,  -atura  gait, 
•aturaccia/^f. 

Cammin^tt-o  m.;  i .  dim.  Cammino, 
small  stove  suitable  for  a  sitting-room, 
not  for  cooking.  2.  nipple  for  a  per- 
cussion cap.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ino 
dim.  vezz. 


Camminieray. ;  i. fire-guard.  2. wood- 
bunker,  for  firewood.  3.  chimney-glass. 

Cammino  or  Camfno  m.  (A)  (mlt. 
caminus=Gr.  Kapivos);  i.  stove,  either 
with  or  without  an  oven ;  C'  e  il  gatto 
nel  — ,  as  expression  of  poverty ;  there 
being  no  fire  because  there  is  nothing 
to  be  cooked.  2.  chimney.  *=Atrio, 
hall. 

(B);  i.  journey,  journeying.  2.= 
Strada,  road,  HSU.  mfig.  sense,  e.g.  Far 
— ,  to  make  progress  (in  one's  studies, 
etc.).  3.  (mar.)  steerage  way. 

*i.  Battere  il — ,  (»«V.)  to  reconnoitre,    ii.  Rubare 
il  — ,  to  be  a  highwayman. 

Etym.  Cogii,  Fr.  ckemin,  Span,  caittino,  mlt. 
camituts,  Provenc.  cami,  and  similar  words  in  several 
Romance  dialects  quoted  by  Littr£,  who  traces  them 
to  a  Celtic  origin,  comparing  Welsh  cant,  step, 
camen,  road,  Gaelic  cant,  step,  Irish  ceim,  step; 
these  seem  to  preclude  derivation  from  Camminare 
as  the  primary  and  to  show  that  cttmitius  is  cognate 
with,  rather  than  the  origin  of  Cammino. 

tCammo;  In — .instead. 

*  Cammucca,  Camocca  f. ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 
*Camo   tit.  (A)  (L.   camus  =  Gr.  KJJ/IOS,   muzzle 

for  a  horse);  check,  restraint.  (B)  (cogii.  with  or 
possibly  derived  from  It,  catnoiardo  or  camoscio); 
a  kind  of  cloth. 

*  Camocca;  r.  Camucca. 
*Camoiardo  in.:  a  kind  of  cloth. 

Camolea  / ;  =  Camelea. 

Camomilla  f.  (L.  ckamaemelon  =  Gr.  \anai- 
fj-rj^ov);  (oot.)  i.  garden  chamomile,  Antkemis 
ttobilis,  also  termed  Appiolina.  2.  —  fetida,  =  Cotula 
fetida,  mayweed,  A ntketnis  cotula.  3.  — salvatica, 
corn  feverfew,  Matricaria  ckamomilla,  also  termed 
Fiore  di  Santa  Anna,  Bruciaculo. 

Cambrra  /  (prob.  <It.  camorro); 
i.  secret  society  in  Southern  Italy,  much 
the  same  as  the  Mafia  of  Sicily,  or  the 
Teppa  of  Milan.  2.  quasi-fig.  secret, 
association  of  less  lawless  character, 
e.g.  for  "  log-rolling  "  in  a  Parliamentary 
assembly. 

Camorrino  m. ',  dint.  Camorro. 

Camorrista  m. ;  v.  Camorra  (i). 

Camdrro  in.  (Portuguese  ckamorro,  with  shaven 
head;  from  morra,  skull,  with  a  prefix  which  is  pro- 
bably a  contraction <  L.  calvus,  bald);  i.  person  in 
failing  health.  2.  troublesome  person,  thing,  or 
condition  of  health. 

Camosciaio  m. ;  dealer  in  chamois 
skins. 

Camosciare;  i.  in  goldsmith's  work, 
to  impart  a  fine  grain  or  dull  lustre  to 
a  metal  surface  by  light  hammering 
with  a  special  tool.  2.  to  dress  chamois 
skins,  usu.  Scamosciare. 

*  Camoscino  ;  i.  v.  Camoscio.     ii.  Jig.  pliant. 

Cambscio  ;//. ;  i.  chamois,  Rupicapra 
tragus.  2.  dressed  chamois-skin,  or  the 
mode  of  dressing  used  for  these  skins. 

*  =Camuso,  snub-nosed. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  chamois  <  L.  (sth  century) 
camox  —  Q.tt.G.  gamttz  (>Germ.  Gentse),  root  cum, 
to  bend,  referring  to  the  recurved  horns  (?),  v.  Kluge, 
sub  Gemse. 

Camdzza  /!;   i.  female  chamois.    2.   chamois 
leather  used  by  chemists  for  filtering  mercury. 
*i.  dirty  low-class  woman,     ii.  male  chamois. 

*  Campacchiare  ;  to  live  in  wretchedness. 

Campagna  f.  (L.  campania  <  cam- 
pus); i.  open  country.  2.  (mil.)  cam- 
paign. 3.  Buttarsi  alia  — ,  to  become 
a  highwayman.  4.  at  dominoes,  Man- 
dare  in  —  un  doppione,  to  prevent  the 
adversary  from  playing  a  doublet,  v. 
Spasso  (4).  5.  (herald.)  the  lower  third 
of  the  shield,  when  of  one  uniform  tint, 
v.  Terrazzo.  It  is  also  termed  Punta. 


Campagnata  /;  wide  extent  of 
country. 

Campagnblo;  i.  rustic,  v.  Cam- 
pagna. 2.  v.  Topo  (10  and  1 1). 

*  Campai-o  or  -aro  m. ;  country  policeman. 

Campale;  i.  Battaglia  — ,  pitched 
battle.  2.  fig.  Giornata  — ,  heavy  day, 
day  of  heavy  work. 

Campam£nto  m. ;  livelihood. 

*i.  =Scampo,  escape,     ii.  encamping. 

Carnpan-a  f.  (for  aera  Campana, 
Campanian  bronzes,  bells  having  been 
first  made  at  Nola  in  Campania  about 
the  6th  century);  i.  bell,  esp.  church 
bell ;  —  cinese,  gong.  2.  bell-glass  for 
plants,  etc.  3.  diving-bell.  4.  Digiuno 
delle  -e,  fast  over  the  whole  of  Good 
Friday,  when  no  bells  are  rung.  5.  Aver 
le  -e  grosse,  to  be  rather  deaf.  6.  Far 
la  —  tutta  d'  un  pezzo,  to  do  the  whole 
job  at  once.  7.  Far  come  le  -e  di 
S.  Ruffello  (or  S.  Remigio),  of  a  spend- 
thrift, to  sell  or  pawn  everything,  v. 
Ruffello.  8.  Sentire  tutte  le  -e,  to  hear 
all  sides  of  a  question.  9.  A  — ,  of 
clothes,  falling  down  in  the  shape  of 
a  bell.  10.  Fare  la  testa  come  una  — , 
to  be  half  stunned  with  too  much  noise 
or  overwork,  ii.  Far  — ,  to  put  one's 
hand  to  one's  ear.  12.  Tirar  giu  a  -e 
doppie,  to  beat  soundly,  fig.  to  speak 
badly  of.  1 3.  (arch.)  bell  of  a  Corinthian 
or  composite  capital.  14.  (mar.)  barrel 
of  the  capstan.  15.  the  most  remote 
from  the  mouthpiece  of  the  component 
pieces  of  a  clarionet  or  bassoon. 

*i.  Com'  una  — .  monotonously,  ii.  —  di  tocchi, 
=  Persona  fallita.  iii.  Colare  una  —  a  suo  proposito, 
to  do  a  thing  for  one's  own  advantage,  iv.  Roba 
di  — ,  property  derived  from  injuring  the  Church. 
v.  A  consiglio  di  matto,  —  di  legno,  i.e.  do  not 
listen,  vi.  Sonar  le  -e  (a)  to  dangle  the  legs,  (If)  to 
pay  no  attention,  vii.  Fornir  la  — ,  to  succeed  in 
one's  design,  viii.  Voler  accordare  un  leuto  e  una 
— ,  i.e.  to  try  to  bring  into  concord  two  things  which 
cannot  agree. 

Campanaccia  f. ;  spreg.  Campana,  wretched 
bell. 

Campanaccio  or  Campano  m. ;  cow-bell, 
sheep-bell. 

*  i.  =  Campanone.     ii.  fig,  chatterer. 

Campanaio  m.  ;  i.  bell-ringer. 
2.  bell-founder. 

*Campanari-o ;  i.  relating  to  bell-founding, 
ii.  Scala  -a,  the  graduations  of  a  bell-shaped  measur- 
ing glass. 

Campanell-a  f.  (dim.  Campana); 
i.  small  bell.  2.  (hot.)  flower  with  a 
bell-shaped  corolla ;  viz.  (a)  -e  bianche, 
=  Vilucchio,  bindweed;  (b)  -e  d'  estate, 
summer  snow-flake,  Leucoium  aestivum, 
also  termed  Primestro  d'  estate ;  (c)  -e 
di  primavera,  spring  snow-flake,  Leu- 
coium vernum,  also  termed  Primestro 
primaticcio;  (d)  -e  d'  inverno,  =  Buca 
neve,  snowdrop;  (e)  -e  da  fiori  celesti, 
blue  climbing  convolvulus,  Pharbitis 
hispida;  (f)  -e  da  pergola,  trellis  con- 
volvulus, Ipomaea  tuberosa ;  (g)  -e  ram- 
picanti  turchine,  =  Rampichinoturchino, 
dark  blue  convolvulus;  (h)  -e  da  tre 
colori,  garden  convolvulus,  Convolvulus 
tricolor.  3.  iron  or  brass  ring  for 
various  purposes,  e.g.  as  a  door-knocker 
or  ring  to  which  to  tie  up  a  horse; 
similar  large  rings  attached  to  the  walls 
of  the  old  palaces  such  as  that  of  the 


u6 


CAMPANELLACCIO— CANALE 


Strozzi  at  Florence ;  curtain-ring,  nose- 
ring for  a  buffalo,  etc.  Also  gold  earri  ng, 
and  in  pi.,  ring-shaped  bits  of  paste 
for  soup.  Attaccare  i  pensieri  alia  — 
dell'  uscio,  to  hang  up  one's  thoughts  on 
the  door-knocker,  i.e.  to  dismiss  all  care 
from  one's  mind ;  Baciare  la  — ,  or  il 
chiavistello,  to  quit  a  house  for  good,  or 
fig.  to  abandon  an  affair.  4.  (arch.) 
bell-shaped  ornaments  under  the  tri- 
glyphs  of  a  Doric  cornice. 

*i.  Calze  a  -e,  stockings  not  fastened  but  falling 
over  a  high  boot  down  to  the  knee.  ii.  a  sort  of  bun 
for  babies,  iii.  Stare  a  suono  di  — ,  to  be  at  the 
beck  and  call  of.  iv.  fig.  Attaccare  -e,  bottoni,  ecc., 
to  calumniate,  v.  Sonar  la— ,  to  murmur,  vi.  (tints.) 
=  Campanello  (2).  vii.  a  kind  of  horse's  bit. 

Campanell-accio  m.;  fegg-  -°.  horrid  bell. 

Campanell-etto  m.;  dim.  -o,  horse's  bit. 

Campanellinayi ;  dim.  Campanella. 
In  botany,  any  flower  with  small  bells 
such  as  lily  of  the  valley,  etc. 

Campanelllno  m. ;  dim.  Campanello, 
little  hand-bell. 

Campanell-o  m. ;  i.  small  bell ; 
Andare  a  tavola  a  suon  di  — ,  to  live, 
on  one's  means,  or  at  other  people's 
expense;  Tenere  il  — ,  to  take  the  chief 
part  of  the  talking,  at  a  party,  z.  (tnus.) 
=  Registro  dell'  organo  dei  soprani 
accordato  all'  unisono  col  principale, 
bell  stop  of  an  organ.  3.  (butch.)  a  cut 
from  the  rump. 

*i.  Andar  a  suon  di  — ,  to  have  an  affair  with  the 
magistrates,  ii.  Appiccare  or  Attaccare  altrui  il — , 
to  accuse  him  publicly  of  some  fault,  iii.  L'  acqua 
fa  i  -i,  referring  to  the  bell-drops  thrown  up  by 
heavy  rain.  iv.  a  kind  of  horse's  bit.  v.  —  dellc 
lenzuola,  fig.  invitation,  allurement  of  the  bed- 
clothes ;  Attaccare  i  -i,  to  seek  the  favour  of  the 
multitude,  lit.  to  hang  up  bells  as  it  were  of  in- 
vitation to  the  public,  vi.  Chiacchierone  — ,  tre- 
mendous talker. 

Campanell6na  /;  augm.  Campa- 
nella, curtain-ring. 

*Campanellotta  f.  ;  bell  ornament  of  medium 
size,  v.  Campanella  (^). 

•Campanell-uccio  or  -uzzo  m.;  i.  dim.spreg. 
of  Campanello,  door-bell,  ii.  =  Campanaccio,  sheep- 
bell. 

Campaniforme ;  bell-shaped. 

Campanil-accio  m.\  pegg.  -e. 

Campanile  m. ;  bell-tower.  Idee  or 
Amor  di  — ,  prejudices  or  ideas  in- 
fluenced by  the  place  of  one's  birth, 
•v.  Campanilista.  Prov.  II  —  non  mig- 
liora  la  cornacchia,  the  tower  does  not 
improve  the  jackdaw,  i.e.  natural  quali- 
ties are  not  altered  by  circumstances. 

Campanil-etto  or  -ino  m. ;  dim.  -e. 
Campanilista ;  scherz.  parochial-minded. 
Campanil-6ne  in. ;  augm.  of-e. 
Campanina  f.',  dim.  Campana. 

Campanino;  ringing.  Marmo  — , 
marble  from  Pietrasanta  in  Tuscany 
which  rings  when  worked. 

Campan-o  m. ;  i.q.  Campanaccio, 
cow-bell.  As  adj.,  Pera  -a,  bell-shaped 
pear. 


Campan6  m.  ;  Fare  — ,  sclierz.  =  Fare  uno 
scampanio,  to  ring  bells  violently. 

Campan6n-e  m.,  -&/.;  augm.  Campana. 

Campanul-a  /  ;  (hot.)  i.  —  grande, 
Canterbury  bell,  Campanula  medium, 
also  termed  Viola  Mariana,  Campane 
della  Madonna,  Giuliette.  2.  -e  turchine 
salvatiche,  harebell,  Campanula  rotundi- 
folia. 


Campanulato  ;=  Campaniforme. 
*Campanuzzo    m.\    ipreg.    Campanello,    bell. 
—  della  notte,  or  della  camera,  curtain-lectures. 

Campare  (It.  campo,  so  that  the 
orig.  meaning  was  "  to  encamp,"  which 
led  to  the  notion  of  safety) ;  i.  to  obtain 
one's  living,  to  live ;  Campa  sulle  braccia, 
he  lives  by  the  work  of  his  hands; 
Campa  perche  mangia,  ///.  he  lives 
because  he  eats,  i.e.  he  is  useless,  he 
can  only  eat.  Prov.  Piu  che  vecchi  non 
si  campa,  one  cannot  live  to  be  more 
than  old.  2.  tr.  to  save  from  danger. 
3.  to  provide  for,  to  maintain.  4.  to 
escape  from,  or  intr.  to  escape ;  Se 
Cristo  fa  che  campi,  mai  piu  pesce  che 
canti,  if  I  get  off  after  this,  fishes  will 
cease  to  keep  their  mouths  open,  a 
saying  attributed  to  a  peasant  after 
eating  a  tree-frog  instead  of  an  edible 
frog;  hence  said  by  anyone  finding 
himself  grievously  deceived.  5.  in  art, 
to  bring  out  the  lights  of  a  picture  by 
painting  in  the  ground  colour;  —  il 
marmo  spiccato,  of  a  sculptor,  to  bring 
out  the  figures  of  abas-relief ;  Campato 
in  aria,  (a)  of  a  stone  or  marble  used  to 
ornament  a  building,  deeply  cut  and 
pierced  so  as  to  appear  very  light ; 
(b)fig.  (argument)  with  no  solid  founda- 
tion. 

Campare'ccio ;  long-lived.  *v.  Cam- 
pereccio. 

*Campareziayi;  ?'.  Faggia. 
*Camparo  m. ;  i>.  Campaio. 
*Campatello  ;w.;  =  Campicello. 
*Campatico  in. ;  tax  on  land. 

Campeggiare  ind.  campdggio;  i. 
(mil.)  to  be  encamped.  2.  to  show  up 
well,  to  be  prominent  amongst  the  other 
parts  of  a  design. 

*i.  to  besiege,    ii.  to  paint  the  ground-work  of  a 
picture,    iii.  to  accord  (with). 

*Campeggiato  m. ;  ground  colour  of  a  picture. 

Campeggio  m.  (from  the  name  of  its  place  of 
growth,  Campeachy  in  Mexico) ;  (bot.}  leg-wood, 
Haentatoxylitm  campechiatiutti.  It  has  been  termed 
Campeachy-wood  in  English  also. 

*  Campellare ;  =  Campucchiare. 

Camp-er6ccio  (-areccio,  -oreccio); 
growing  in  the  fields,  wild. 

*Camperellare  ;=  Campellare. 
*CamperiayC;  v.  Faggia. 

Campfestre ;  of  the  country,  rural. 

*i.   wild.     ii.  =Campale.     iii.  as  sb.,  leather  loin- 
cloth. 

Camp-ettino  sub-ditn.,  -etto  dint.,  of -o, 

Campicchiare;  =  Campucchiare. 
*Campiccio  in. ;  coppice. 

Campicello  m. ;  dim.  Campo,  field. 

Campidbglio  m.  (L.  capitoliiim); 
Capitol. 

Campigiana  f.  (A);  =  Codone,  pin-tail  duck. 
(B)  (from  Campi,  their  place  of  production) ;  a  large- 
sized  tile. 

Campigndlo  nt.  •  lycoperdon  nut,  a  species  of 
truffle,  Elaphomyces  grannlatus. 

*Campio;  belonging  to,  or  like  a  field. 

Campionario  m. ;  pattern-book. 
Campionato  m. ;  championship. 
Campioncino  m.  •  dim.  Campione. 

Campione  m.  (mlt.  campio  <  L.  cam- 
pus, one  who  stood  up  in  the  field 
to  fight);  i.  champion.  2.  ledger. 
3.  registry-book  of  properties,  kept  for 
purposes  of  taxation.  4.  standard  weight 


or  measure  for  testing  those  used  by 
traders.     5.    sample. 

*i.  —  da  frode,  unfair  fighter,  ii.  lord,  ruler, 
iii.  model  used  in  making  casts. 

•Campire;  i.  to  paint  a  background,  ii.  to 
escape. 

•Campitello  m.;  i.  =  Campicello.  ii.  court, 
small  space. 

Campo  m.  (L.  campus);  I.  field; 
Dal  —  n'  ha  uscire  la  fossa,  the  ditch 
leads  out  of  the  field,  said  when  a  tenant 
farmer  works  a  farm  to  death,  or  when 
an  official  makes  an  undue  profit  out  of 
his  office.  2.  room  or  time  for  doing 
something.  3.  -  -  franco,  chiuso,  or 
sicuro,  a  fair  field  for  single  combat; 
—  franco,^f.  liberty  of  action.  4.  Venire 
in  — ,  to  turn  up.  5.  (mil.)  manceuvring 
ground.  6.  camp.  7.  field  of  battle. 
8.  (herald.)  field  of  a  shield;  Del  — , 
short  for  Dello  stesso  smalto  del  — ,  of 
the  same  colour  as  the  shield.  9.  at  chess, 
either  half  of  the  board.  10.  ground  of 
a  picture.  1 1.  —  santo,  v.  Camposanto. 

12.  (watchm.)  Ruota  di  — ,  escapement. 

13.  Ballare   in   —   azzurro,  i.e.   to  be 
hanged.     14.  in  the  Venetian  province 
an   area  a    little    less   than    an    acre, 
38  hectares. 

Camporai61o  m. ;  tenant,  on  metayag_e,  of  fields 
without  farm  buildings.  *As  adj.,  growing  in  the 
fields. 

*Camporeccio ;  v.  Campereccio. 

Camposant-lno  ;//. ;  dim.  of-o. 

Camposanto  m.  ;  i.  churchyard. 
2.  post-mortem  room  of  a  hospital. 

Oamp-ucchiare  or  -iccbiare ;  to  live 
in  poverty. 

C am puccio  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  Campo,  field. 
Camucca^;  a  kind  of  Oriental  cloth. 
*Camuco  in. ;  a  kind  of  silk  cloth. 

Camuffare  (for  Capo-muffare ;  where 
•  mi4jffare  is  Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Muff,  Muffle,  so  that  Capo-muffare  is  to 
muffle  up  the  head);  to  muffle  up,  to 
disguise.  *to  deceive,  cheat. 

*Camuffo  m. ;  young  thief. 

*  Camurra  f.;  rustic  gown. 

Camuso;  snub-nosed. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^,  and  Fr.  cttmus,  prof>.< 
root  cam,  to  bend,  cp.  supra  Camoscio,  but  precise 
etym.  unknown ;  perhaps  akin  to  or  even  derived 
from  L.  camur,  curved ;  the  termination  seems  to 
be  Ital.  muso  =  Provens-  nuts,  v.  Muso. 
*Camuto  in. ;  v.  Camuco. 

Can  m. ;  the  Oriental  title,  Khan,  taken  by  the 
della  Scala  family  of  Verona  in  the  I4th  century. 
ti.  —  da  denti,  dog-fish,  v.  Galeo.  ii.  —  bianco,  = 
Palombo,  a  species  of  shark. 

*Cana/I;  =  Canutezza,  hoariness. 
•Canabulo  m. ;  =  Canapule,  hemp-stalks. 
Canaccio  tn. ;  pegg.  Cane. 

Canagli-a  /;  rabble  (//'/.  collection 
of  dogs).  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ata  black- 
guardly act,  -e"sco,  -one  augm.,  utter 
blackguard,  -ume  rabble. 

Canaio  ni. ;  dog-keeper  or  breeder. 

Canaidla  /  ;  (bat.)  =  Prezzemolo  di  padule, 
marsh  milk  parsley. 

Canaidlo;  adj.  or  sb.  a  variety  of  grape.  In 
//.,  =  Lupini,  lupins. 

*  Canala  f. ;    wooden    trough  used   by  leather 
dressers  for  conducting  water,    troof-gutter. 

•Canalaccio  »<.;  the  Grand  Canal  at  Venice. 
*Canalare;  — Scanalare,  to  flute. 

Candle  m.  (L.  canalis  for  cannalis< 
canna,  reed,  pipe) ;  i.  canal.  2.  channel, 
in  all  senses,  as  in  English.  3.  groove. 
4.  (vet.)  —  biflesso,  fossa  in  the  coronet 
of  the  hoof  in  sheep. 


CANALETTO— CANE 


117 


Canal^tto  m. ;  i.  i.g-  Canalino. 
2.  (arch.)  channel  which  is  a  quarter 
circle  in  section. 

Canaliculate ;  grooved. 

Canal-ino  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.,  of  -e. 

Canapa   /    (L.    cannabis}\    (bot.) 

1.  hemp,  Cannabis  sativa.     2.  —  d'  ac- 
qua,    double    tooth-bur    marigold,   Bi~ 
dens  tripartite,,  also  termed  Forbicina 
d'  acqua.     3.  —  acquatica,  hemp  agri- 
mony,  Eupatorium   cannabinum,  also 
termed  Eupatorio  canapino.   4.  —  falsa, 
=  Erba  dell'  invidia,   hemp   nettle,   v. 
Erba  (63).     5.  —  gialla,  =  Datisca  cana- 
pina  di  Creta,  Cretan  hemp. 

Canapaccia  f.\  i.  Pegg-  Canapa.  2.  (bot.) 
mugwort,  Artemisia  vulgaris,  also  termed  Assenzio 
delle  siepi,  Amarella. 

Canapaia  f. ;   i.   ground  planted  with  hemp. 

2.  fig.  tangle. 

Canapaio  m. ;  i.  worker  or  dealer  in  hemp. 
2.  fig.  tangk. 

*Canapale  ;«.;  i.  halter.    ii.=Canapaia. 
Canapar6Ia /. ;  v.  Canapino  (4,  b). 

Canap^  ;;/.  (A)  (altered  from  Con- 
opio,  L.  conopium,  mosquito  curtain, 
orig.  therefore,  bed  with  mosquito 
curtain);  sofa. 

*(B);  =  Canapo,  rope. 

CanapecchiayC ;  (bot.)~  Crespolina,  lavender- 
cotton. 

Canapeino  m.\  i.  dim.  Canape.     2.  foot-rest. 

CanapetlayC;  a  variety  of  hemp. 

Canap-ello  m.\  dim.  of -o. 

Canape6ne  m. ;  aug-m.  scherz.  of  Canape. 

Canapetta  /;  fine  hemp  fibres. 

Canap-6tto  m. ;  dim.  of-e. 

Canapicchia/;;=:Tignamica,  cudweed. 
*Canapiendola,/C;  =  Altalena,  swing. 

Canapfglia  f. ;  gadwall  duck,  Anas  strepera, 
also  termed  Cicalona,  Pignola,  Ridenna. 

Canapina  /.;  {hot.)  Indian  hemp,  Apocynnm 
canna&inum,  also  termed  Piglia  mosche. 

Canapino ;  i.  hempen.  As  sb. : 
2.  comber  of  hemp  and  flax.  3.  (scherz.) 
white-haired  person.  4.  (a)  melodious 
willow-warbler,  Sylvia  hippolais\  (b)  — 
maggiore,  sedge-warbler,  Sylvia  sali- 
caria^  also  termed  Beccafico  canapino, 
Canaparola,  Cannevarola,  Giallino. 
5.  in//.,  pieces  of  cloth  placed  by  tailors 
under  the  breasts  of  a  coat.  *coarse 
cloth. 

Canapo  m.  ;  strong  hempen  rope, 
esp,  that  used  to  stop  the  horses  in  the 
old  riderless  races  at  Rome  down  the 
Corso.  Hence,  Saltare  il  — ,  to  overstep 
the  proper  bounds. 

Canapdne  m. ;  i.  old  man  with 
flowing  white  hair,  esp.  Leopold  II  of 
Tuscany.  2.  (bot.)  Canadian  flea-bane, 
Erigeron  Canadense. 

*Canapuccia/;  hemp-seed. 

Canapuglia  /;  =  Canapule. 

Canapule  ;«.;  hemp  stalks  stripped  of  the  bark. 
*  dagger. 

Canada  f. ;  i.  canary  seed,  that  of  Pkalaris 
canariensis.  2.  =  Canarina,  hen  canary.  3.  Canary 
wine. 

Etym.  From  the  name  of  the  Grand  Canary 
island,  L.  insuta  canaria,  lit.  dog  island,  <canis, 
dog. 

Canarino  m.  •  i.  canary,  Serinus  catiariits, 
also  termed  Passe ra  di  Canaria.  2.  fig.  —  Merlo, 
fig.  cunning  fellow.  3.  in  pi.,  (6ot.)  canary-bird 
nasturtium,  Tropaeolum  peregrinum.  4.  as  cuij.^ 
yellow. 

Canario  m.;  i.=  Canarino  (i).  2.  —  largo, 
mutton-fish,  Anthias  sneer,  locally  termed  Sarpa- 
nanso,  Monacedda.  *a  dance  for  two. 

Canar6ne  m. ;  i.  an  inferior  variety  of  lemon. 
2.  mutton-fish,  Labrus  anthias,  t  i.  =  Brenna,  jade, 
ii.  (£0/.)=Valeriana  rossa,  valerian. 

tCanastrello  »;.;  scallop,  Pcctfn  glaber. 


Canata/.;  i.  severe  scolding.  2.  un- 
worthy action. 

Canatteria./;  pack  of  hounds. 
*Canattiere    m.  ;     i.  =  Canaio,    dog    breeder. 
ii.    prison  warder. 

Canavaccio  w.  ;  =  Canovaccio,  kitchen  cloth. 
Canavaio  ;  v.  Canovaio. 
Cancan  »/.;  vulgar  French  dance. 
Cancell-abile;  v.  -are.     -accio  m.;  pegg.  -o. 

CancellareorScancellarejtocancel. 

*  i.  to  reel.  ii.  fig.  to  hesitate,  in  allegiance. 
iii.  to  confound,  confuse,  iv.  to  cross  the  arms. 
v.  to  close  with  a  grating. 

Etym.  L.  cnncella,re  from  cancellus,  a  grating 
of  iron  in  the  form  of  network.  Cancelhts  is  dim,  of 
cancer,  crab,  the  claws  of  which  seem  to  have  been 
considered  to  resemble  interlacing  lines,  v.  Caiicro. 
The  L.  caftcellare  was  to  cancel  a  writing  by  striking 
it  through  with  a  cross  ;  hence  also  the  use  of  the 
word  as  above  (iv),  as  in  the  following  :  —  S.  Francesco 
cancello  le  braccia  a  modo  di  croce  e  pose  la  man 
dritta  sopra  il  capo  di  Fr.  Bernardo  e  lasinistra  sopra 
il  capo  di  Fr.  Elia,  interlaced  his  arms  cross-wise, 
placing  his  right  hand  upon  the  head  of  Brother 
Bernard,  etc. 

For  the  sense  of  reeling  cp.  Fr.  chanceler  which 
is  short  for  the  old  Fr.  eschanceler,  representing  a 
form  ex-cancellare,  to  come  away  from  the  cancelli, 
the  grating,  to  lose  its  support,  v.  Littre,  sub  Chan- 
celer. 

Scancellare  is  a  strengthened  form  of  the  usual 
kind,  from  L.  ex  in  the  sense  of  very  much,  com- 
pletely, and  cancellare. 

Cancell-ata/^;  railing  (formed  of  upright  bars 
braced  together  at  the  top).  Aff.  -atina  dim,)  -ato 
railing,  larger  than  -ata.  ' 

Cancell-at6re,  -atrice,  -atura,  -aturina  ; 
v.  -are. 

Canceller6sc-o,  -am6nte;  v.  Ca'n- 
cellaria. 

Cancellerla  f.  ;  office  of  the  Can- 
celliere. 

Cancellifcra  /;  wife  of  the  Can- 
celliere. 

Cancellierato  m.  ;  chancellorship.  • 

Cancelliere  m.  (L.  cancellarius, 
door-keeper,  then  an  officer  who  stood 
near  the  screen  before  the  judgment 
seat)  ;  chancellor,  chief  officer  of  the 
crown  in  matters  of  the  administration 
of  justice,  or,  in  some  countries,  prime 
minister. 

Cancellieruccio  m.  ;  sfrcg.  inferior  Court 
official. 

Cancellino  m.  ;  dim.  Cancello. 

Cancello  m.  (L.  cancellus,  v.  Can- 
cellare); i.  barred  gate  or  grating 
formed  of  upright  bars,  with  intervals 
between,  usually  of  iron  ;  iron  gate. 

2.  in//.,  railings  of  similar  construction. 

3.  Vendere   a    --   chiuso,    to    sell    a 
property  with  all  its  contents. 

*=Andito,  passage.  Tornare  a  —  ,  to  return  to 
the  subject. 

Cancer6so  ;  v.  Cancro. 

tCanchera  f.  ;  (war.)  —  Golfare  a  chiavarda, 
eye-bolt. 

Cancher-o  m.  ;  i.  =  Cancro.  2.  nuis- 
ance. Aff,  -accio  pegg,,  -mo  dim., 
-6ne  augm.,  -6so,  -uccio  ditn. 

*Cancher-usse,  -uzzolo;  bother! 
•Canch-igna,  -itra  ;  =  Capperi,  Gracious! 
*Canciola;  Curse! 
tCancognare  ;  to  be  undecided. 


C  (Gr. 
to  gnaw)  ;  gangrene.     Aff.  -arsi,  -oso. 

Cancro  m.;  i.  cancer.  2.  the  Crab, 
one  of  the  signs  of  the  Zodiac. 

Etym.  L.  cancer^  which,  like  Sanskr.  kankattis, 
coat  of  mail,  is  formed,  by  dissimilation  of  r  into  n, 
from  the  root  kar,  hard,  referring  to  the  hard  shell  of 
the  crab,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Cancer. 

*  Cancugnare  ;  v.  Cancognare. 

*CandariayC;  an  instrument  of  witchcraft. 


Cande'la/^  (L.,  <.candere,  to  shine,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Candid) ;  i.  candle ;  Fino  a  estinsione  di  — 
vergine,  till  the  candle  goes  out,  a  way  of  limiting 
the  time  for  bidding  at  an  auction  ;  Farla  vedere  in 
— ,  to  make  a  thing  abundantly  evident.  ».  (furg.) 
gum  catheter  or  bougie.  3.  (bot.)  —  regia,  =  Tasso 
barbasso,  great  mullein. 

Candelabro  /;/.;  chandelier. 

Candel-aia  or  -ara./;  Candlemas,  the  Feast 
of  the  Purification,  Feb.  2. 

Candel-e'tta  f.;  i.  dim.  of  -a.  2.  (mar.)  in 
pi.,  top  burton  tackles.  Aff.  -ettma  sub-dim. 

Candelier-e  m. ;  i.  candlestick ;  Una 
muta  di  -i,  a  set  of  candlesticks  for  an 
altar;  Metier  uno  sul  — ,  to  give  him 
a  great  reputation ;  Portare  or  Reggere 
il  — ,  to  be  an  accomplice  or  inter- 
mediary, in  bad  sense ;  Metter  fuori  i  -i, 
to  exhibit  skinny  arms ;  Rubare  il  —  al 
prete,  i.e.  to  recover  after  being  very 
ill ;  -i  alia  Raffaella,  with  the  stem 
carved  in  relief  in  the  style  of  Raffaelle. 
2.  (mar.)  stanchion ;  —  a  morsa,  crutch, 
forked  rest  for  a  spar.  Aff.  -{no  dim., 
-6ne  augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Candel-ina/l,  -ino  m.\  dims,  of  -a,  -ino  being 
the  smaller. 

*Candelizza  f.\  (fftttr.)  powerful  lifting  tackle. 
Candell-iere  and  deriv.\  v.  Candel-. 
Candel-6nayC,  or  -6ne,  larger  than  -ona,  m.  \ 

1.  aufm.  of -a.     2.  OW.)=Biodo,  flowering  rush. 

Candel -6ra,  pop.  for  -ara. 

Candeldtto  m. ;    i.    short   candle. 

2.  in  pi.,  a   kind   of  Cannelloni,   but 
shorter,     f  =  Ghiacciolo,  icicle. 

tCand6pola./:;  =  Ellera,  ivy. 

Candi  m.  (Arabic  qand,  <Persian,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Candy) ;  crystalline  sugar. 

Candia  /.  (var.  of  Candi);  Zucchero  di  — , 
sugar  candy. 

Candiarw.;  Indian  poisoned  dagger. 

Candidamente;  candidly. 

Candidate  in.  (L.,  from  the  white  toga  worn  by 
candidates  for  office  in  ancient  Rome);  candidate. 
*i.  virgin,    ii.  adj.  dressed  in  white,    iii.  purified. 

Candid-atura  as  E.,  -6zza,  v.  -o. 

Candido  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Candid) ; 
i.  white.  2.  candid. 

Cand-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  candi);  to 
candy  (fruit). 

Canddre  M.  ;  i.  whiteness.  2.  can- 
dour. 

Can-e  m.  (L.,  cp.  Sanskr.  kuan,  Gr. 
<v<av,  E.  hound);  i.  dog;  Aver  i  -i  in 
corpo,  to  suffer  much  pain ;  Aver  un  — •, 
un  certo  —  alle  costole,  somebody  who 
is  always  watching  one;  Dare  il  —  a 
uno,  to  laugh  at  him ;  Si  movesse  un 
— !  short  for  Si  movesse  un  —  in  aiuto, 
or  a  pieta,  if  only  the  slightest  help 
could  be  given ! ;  Non  c"  e  un  —  che 
lo  guardi,  he  lives  absolutely  alone ;  Per 
mantener  la  famiglia  sta  11  a  — ,  he 
works  very  hard  to  keep  his  family; 
Far  come  i  can  barboni  che  portano 
i  denari  in  bocca,  i.e.  to  pay  cash  ; 
Vogliono  quel  libro;  facciano  come  i 
can  barboni,  o  non  glie  lo  do,  if  they 
want  that  book  they  must  pay  cash 
down  for  it ;  Piu  -i  che  lepri,  i.e.  more 
candidates  than  offices ;  Cascar  la  coda 
a'  -i,  to  be  very  cold.  2.  tooth-extractor. 

3.  cock  of  a  gun.     4.  instrument  used 
by  coopers  for  pulling  at   the  hoops, 
hoop-cramp.     5.     Pesce  — ,   dog-fish, 
v.  Galeo.     6.  a  title,  v.  Can.     7.   (pot.) 
(a)  Dente  di   — ,   dog's    tooth   violet, 
Erythronium  dens  cams;  (b)  Lingua  di 
— ,  hound's  tongue,  Cynoglossum  offi- 
cinale;  (c)  Capo  di  — ,  yellow  foxglove, 


n8 


CANEA— CANNERAIA 


Digitalis  lutea.     8.   (mar.')  in  //.  -i  or 
Fantinetti,  brackets  of  the  head-rails. 

*  i.  Fare  a'  -i,  to  see  who  can  best  escape,  ii.  khan, 
pilgrim's  hostel,    iii.  lowest  throw  of  dice.    iv.  Far  la 
girata  del  —  grande,  to  go  the  longest  way.    v.  Aver 
lo  spasso  de'  -i,  to  be  beaten,    vi.  Esser  come  il  — 
del  Babbonero,  to  live  a  hard  life.     vii.  Fare  come  il 
—  di  Batrione,  to  prefer  the  winning  side.    viii.  Fare 
come  il  —  d'  Esopo,  to  leave  certainty  for  uncertainty. 
ix.  A  bocca  di  — ,  half-closed  (door  or  window). 

Canea./;  =  Cagnaia,  uproar. 
tCaneggiola/;  gullet. 

CanepicchiayC ;  (fat.)  ground  pine,  Teucrinm 
chamaepitys. 

Can&Stra  /   (L.,  =  Gr.    Kavaa-rpa) ; 

1.  fruit-basket.     2.    basket-carriage. 
Oanestr-accia  / ;  pegg.   Canestra. 

-accio   m. ;  pegg-    Canestro.     -ata  f. ; 
contents  of  a  basket. 

Canestrello  in. ;  {mar.)  grommet. 
ti.  —  di  ferro  per  le  vele,  iron  hank,  ring.    ii.  = 
Pettine,  variegated  scallop. 

Canestr-ina^i,  dim.  of -a  ;  -ino  m.,  dim.  of  -o. 

Can6str-0  m. ;  flower-basket.  Ajf. 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Canesu  m. ;  lace  collar. 

Canett-accio  dim.  pegg.,  -ino  sub-dim.,  -o 
dim.,  -ucciaccio  sub-dim,  pegg.,  of  Cane. 

Canevaccio  in. ;~Canovaccio,  kitchen  cloth. 

Canfolo  m. ;  (chem.)  a  body  isomeric  with 
Malay  camphor.  —  di  robbia,  a  product  of  fer- 
mentation from  madder,  it  is  identical  with  Malay 
camphor,  which  is  a  crystalline  body  derived  from 
the  Dryobalanops  camphora,  a  tree  growing  in  the 
Malay  peninsula  and  adjacent  islands.  —  di  succino, 
a  body  isomeric  with  Malay  camphor  and  obtained 
by  the  action  of  caustic  potash  upon  yellow  amber. 

Canforay^;  camphor.  The  word  is  the  Sanskrit 
kapur,  which  was  borrowed  by  the  languages  of 
neighbouring  countries  including  Arabic,  from  which 
it  passed  into  Europe  about  the  i6th  century,  with- 
out much  variation.  The  substance  is  the  solidified 
juice  from  different  species  of  the  genus  Camphora, 
esp.  C.  officiruirum. 

Canforata  f. ;  (hot.)  i.  old  name  for  several 
species  of  A  rtemisia.  2.  —  bastarda,  Polycitemum 
arvense,  a  species  of  amaranth.  3.  —  di  Monpelieri, 
Camphorosma  moiispeliaca,  a  species  of  goosefoot. 

Canforat-o ;  camphorated.  Erba  -a  dellc 
Canarie,  {bot.)  balm  of  Gilead,  Dracocfphahtm 
Canariettse. 

Gang  m. ;  collar  used  by  the  Chinese  like  a 
pillory. 

Cangia/T;  long  narrow  barge  on  the  Nile. 

Cangi-abile,  -amento ;  v.  -are. 

Cangiante;  i.  changeable  in  colour, 
according  to  the  point  from  which  the 
substance  in  question  is  looked  at. 

2.  variable   (star).     3.    as  sb.,   change 
in  colouring. 

Cangiare  (variant  of  Cambiare) ;  to 
change.  It  is  not  used  of  money  and 
rarely  of  clothes.  Colore  che  cangia, 
v.  Cangiante. 

*to  repay,  D.  Inf.  32.  138. 

Cangiarro  m. ;  i.q.  Angiarro,  Turkish  knife. 
tCangiglio  m.;  a  shell-fish. 

Cangio  adj.  or  sb.;  =  Cangiante. 

Canguru  or  Cangoro  m. ;  kangaroo. 

Cani  m.  pi.,  or  Fantinetti,  (mar.)  brackets  of 
the  head-rails. 

Caniccto  and  deriv.;  v.  Canniccio. 

Canicid-a  m.;  scherz.  dog-killer.    Ajfi.  -io. 

*  Canicie  f. ;  -  Canizie. 

Canlcol-a/. (L.);  i.  dog-star,  Sirius. 

2.  dog-days,  July  and  August,  when  the 
Sun  and  Sirius  rise  and  set  together. 

3.  Aver  le  -e,  to  be  nervous.     Aff.  -are. 

*Canido;  =  Candido,  white. 

Canile  m. ;  spreg.  dog's  kennel. 

Canina  _/!;  Cagna,  bitch-pup. 

Canin-o  m.;  pup.  "As  adj.,  canine. 
Tosse  -a,  severe  cough.  Whooping 
cough  is  termed  Tosse  canina,  cavallina, 
or  asinina,  in  different  localities,  the 
Florentine  term  being  Canina.  Mosca 


-a,  horse-fly ;  fig.   tiresome   bore.     In 
quasi-fig.  sense,  Rabbia  -a,  furious  rage, 
Fame  -a,  dog's  hunger,  tremendous  ap- 
petite.   Aff.  -ame'nte. 
Canita  f. ;  cruel  act. 

tCanizi  ;«. ;  sea  perch,  v.  Sciarrano. 

Canizie  /  (L.  canitia) ;  gray  hairs. 

Canizza/;  i.  yelping  of  a  pack  of 
hounds.  2.  dogs'  dung  in  water,  used 
in  preparing  hides. 

fCanizzale  w.;  =  Canile,  kennel. 

Canna  /  (L.,  <  Gr.,  from  Semitic 
sources)  ;  i.  (hot.}  (a)  cane,  Arundo 
donax,  also  termed  —  da  rocche,  or 
—  da  vigne ;  (b)  —  fiorita,  Indian  shot, 
v.  Cannacoro;  (c)  —  fiorita  grande, 
Canna  gigantea ;  (d)  —  di  padule,  or 
palustre,  marsh  reed,  Arundo  phrag- 
mites,  also  termed  Spazzole  di  padule, 
Cannucce ;  (e)  —  piena,  Sacchanim 
Ravennat,  also  termed  Cannella  di 
Ravenna,  Canna  sorda  di  Ravenna ; 
(f)  —  da  zucchero,  sugar  cane,  Sac- 
charum  officinarum,  also  termed  Can- 
namelle;  (g)  —  odorifera,  sweet  flag, 
Acorus  calamus,  also  termed  Acoro 
aromatico,  Erba  cannella;  (h)  —  d'  India 
(a)  rattan  cane,  Calamus  rotang,  also 
termed  Giunco  delle  Indie,  (/3)  stalk,  or 
stem,  of  a  bamboo.  2.  —  ladra,  a  cane 
split  into  a  cup  at  the  top  for  picking 
fruit.  3.  Povero  in  — ,  very  poor  (poor 
as  a  cane  is  bare).  4.  pipe,  e.g.  of  an 
organ,  barrel  of  a  gun,  etc.  5.  the 
gullet;  II  mangiare  che  non  tocca  la 
— ,  or  la  strozza,  of  a  greedy  eater. 
6.  as  a  measure  of  length,  about  2\ 
yards.  7.  Prendersela  a  un  tanto  la 
— ,  or  la  calata,  v.  Calata.  8.  Volerne 
vedere  un  tanto  la  — ,  to  wish  just  to 
have  a  look  at  the  length  of  it,  i.e. 
to  understand  the  matter  thoroughly. 
9.  Non  saper  fare  un  O  con  una  — , 
or  con  una  cannuccia,  to  be  unable  to 
read  or  write,  io.  =  Gallina  prataiola, 
lesser  bustard.  ii.  =  Cannello,  reel. 

*i.  =  Zampogna,  bagpipe,  ii.  =stile,  stylus  or  pen 
for  writing,  jii.  split  reed  rattled  to  wake  up  the 
nuns  in  a  dormitory,  iv.  prov.  Non  e  1'  ago  ne  la  — , 
ma  e  il  cibo  che  t'  inganna,  i.e.  it  is  hope  that  betrays, 
not  the  craft  of  others,  v.  Fare  la  — ,  to  bend  in 
every  direction,  vi.  —  vana,  feeble  man ;  Avere 
uno  per  — ,  to  hold  him  of  no  account,  vii.  Stare  a 

—  badata,  to  be  watching  closely,  as  one  watching 
the  measurement  of  a  piece  of  cloth  he  has  bought, 
viii.  Giuoco  delle  -e,  a  kind  of  joust  introduced  into 
Italy  by  the  Spaniards,     ix.  Non  aver  ne  stadera  ne 

—  in  casa,  to  possess  no  means  of  measuring,  i.e.  to 
be  a  fool.    x.  A  — ,  (a  cut)  made  obliquely,  in  pruning, 
xi.  =  Strale,  arrow. 

Cannabina./;  brown  resin  of  haschisch. 

Cannacdro  m. ;  (bot.)  Indian  shot  or  canna,  a 
genus  of  Maratitaceae,  also  termed  Canna  fiorita ; 
there  is  an  eatable  species,  —  commestibile,  Caritta 
edulis. 

Cannafdglia  f. ;  leaf  of  a  Canna. 
*  Cannaio  m. ;  i.  elbow-rest  for  weavers, 
ii.  weaver's  drawer  containing  spools  of  thread, 
iii.  shelf  made  of  canes  for  drying  fruit,  iv.  cane 
basket,  v.  eel-pot,  vi.  maker  of  Canne,  pipes, 
vii.  =  Canneto,  cane-brake. 

Cannaibla  _/!  ;  i.  a  species  of  grasshopper. 
2.  reed  warbler,  Sylvia  antndiiiacea,  also  termed 

—  minore  or  piccola,  Beccafico  de'  canned  or  di 
palude.      3.    —   maggiore,  =  Cannareccione.      4.    — 
comune=Basettino,  bearded  tit.     5.  —  verdognola, 
marsh  warbler,  Sylvia  palustris,  also  termed  Silvia 
palustre. 

Cannaiolone  m.;  v.  Cannareccione. 

Cannale  m.\  —  del  secondo  fiocco,  (mar.)  jib- 
traveller. 

Cannamele  m.  or  f.',  =  Canna  da  zucchero, 
sugar-cane. 


*  Cannamusino  m. ;  a  kind  of  lady's  dress. 
Cannapiglia/I;  v.  Canapiglia. 
Cannareccione  m. ;  thrush  nightingale,  Sylvia 

tnrdoides,  also  termed  Cannaiolone  da  palude,  Can- 

naiola  maggiore,  Rossignolo  rnarino,  Silvia  rossiccia. 

Cannatayi;  blow  with  a  cane.    *=  Canniccio. 

Canneggiare  ind.  canndggio ;  to 
measure  land,  v.  Canna  (3).  *v.  Canna 
(viii). 

Canneggiatdre  m. ;  assistant  to  an 
engineer  or  surveyor  in  measuring. 

tCanniggiola/;  a  small  reed  from  which  the 
Spazzole  di  padule,  cane-tuft  brooms,  are  made. 

Camilla/;  (dim.  Canna);  i.  small 
tube,  tap  in  a  barrel,  cannula  of  a  funnel, 
etc.,  also  stick  of  sulphur,  or  coal,  made 
up  into  a  round  billet;  Ha  levato  la  — , 
he  has  taken  out  the  tap,  i.e.  he  will 
talk  on  without  stopping ;  Mettere  una 
— ,  to  get  into  a  bad  habit.  2.  (bot.) 
(a)  — ,  or  —  aromatica,  cinnamon-tree 
(the  Italian  name  is  from  the  way  the 
bark  comes  off  in  little  tubes),  Laurns 
cinnamomum,  or  the  cinnamon  there- 
from ;  —  del  Malabar,  cinnamon  from 
the  Laurus  cassia,  a  substance  differing 
from  true  cinnamon  chiefly  in  the 
strength  of  its  qualities;  Cera  di  — , 
a  kind  of  oil  from  cinnamon  seeds ; 
Color  — ,  reddish  brown;  (b)  --da 
scrivere,  creeping  reed-grass,  Calam- 
agrpstis  epigeus,  also  termed  Calamo 
scrittorio,  Cannucce ;  (c)  —  di  Ravenna, 
=  Canna  piena,  v.  Canna  (i,  e);  (d)  — 
paleina,  wood-reed,  Arundo  calam- 
agrostis. 

*  i.  =  Cannuccia,  small  reed.     ii.  Gittar  acqua  per 
una  — ,  to   throw  water  through   one  pipe,  i.e.   to 
have  the  same  disposition  (as  another  person),     iii.  = 
Cannello,  weaver's  reel.     iv.  tool  for  boring  stones. 
v.    Bere  a  —  ,  =  a  garganella.    fvi.    rolling-pin  for 
making  paste. 

Cannellaio  m.  ;  stand  on  which 
Cannelli  are  placed  ready  for  use. 

*Cannellare;  =  Scanalare,  to  channel. 

*Cannellato;   i.    scented  like  cinnamon,     ii.  v. 
Cannella  (i)  and  (2).     iii.   V.  Cannellare, 

Cannell-etta  dim.  Cannella,  -etto  dim.  Can- 
nello, -ina  dim.  Cannella,  smaller  than  -etta,  -ino 
dim.  Cannello. 

Cannell-o  m. ;  i.  internode,  joint  of 
a  cane.  2.  piece  of  the  stalk  of  other 
plants,  such  as  elder,  hemp,  etc.  3.  weav- 
er's reel ;  Fare  i  -i,  to  wind  the  thread 
for  the  woof  upon  the  reels.  4.  pipette 
for  transferring  small  quantities  of 
liquid.  5.  pipe  of  a  goose  quill  or 
shaft  of  a  steel  pen.  6.  blow-pipe. 
7.  stem  of  a  tobacco  pipe,  usu.  Can- 
nuccia. 8.  capillary  tube  or  any  kind 
of  small  pipe.  9.  any  small  solid 
cylinder,  such  as  a  pen-holder,  stick 
of  sealing-wax,  etc.,  which  resembles 
a  tube  externally.  10.  (arch.}  the 
cylindrical  fillings  of  the  lower  parts 
of  the  flutings  of  a  column.  1 1.  (mar.) 
in  //.,  -i  nelle  ralle,  grease  channels. 
12.  Pesce- — ,  =  Cannolicchio,  razor-shell. 

*i.  =  Cannone,  pipe  for  a  privy,     ii.   —  ferrumi- 
natorio,  blow-pipe,     iii.  =Rocchetto. 

Cannelldne  m. ;  augm.  Cannello. 
In  //.,  paste  for  soup  in  the  shape  of 
tubes  nearly  as  thick  as  a  finger. 

*  i.  =  Doccione.     ii.  gullet. 

Cannell6so;  of  straw  for  plaiting,  like  a  reed, 
i.e.  too  large  and  coarse. 

*Canneraiayi;  some  kind  of  fishing-tackle. 


CANNERECCH IA— CANTARE 


119 


Canner^cchia/I;  (bot.)  a  variety  of  millet. 
tCannereccidne  M.;  v.  Cannareccione. 
*Cannerello  ?«.  ;  =  (Janapule,  hemp-stalks. 

*  Canneruolo  m. ;  a  species  of  warbler. 
Cannevardla  /;   sedge-warbler,  v.  Canapino 

(4,  y>. 

Cannibale  ;«.  (Span,  canil'al,  a  corruption  of 
Caribal,  a  native  of  the  Caribbean  islands;  the  W. 
Indian  word  carib  means  brave) ;  cannibal. 

Cannicchio  m.  (prob.  a  contracted  dim.  of 
Camino,  stove,  through  a  form  **  caminicchio) ; 
stone  lining  to  a  furnace. 

Cannicciaia  / ;  shelf  made  of  reeds 
used  in  drying  chestnuts. 

Cannicciata  / ;  i.  tray-full  of  chest- 
nuts, figs,  etc.  2.  palisade  of  canes. 

Cannlccio  or  Canfccio  m.;  i.  tray 
made  of  reeds.  2.  floor  for  drying 
chestnuts,  v.  Metato.  3.  =  Canneto, 
cane-brake. 

Cannocchial-e  or  Canocchiale  m. 
(It.  canna  +  occhiale) ;  telescope.  Aff. 
-etto,  -ino  dims. 

Cannbcchio  m. ;  i .  root-stock  of  a 
cane.  2.  ear  of  maize  after  the  grain 
is  gone. 

Cannolicchio   m.;    razor-shell,    Selen,    locally 
termed  Pesce  cannello,  Manicaio  siliqua,  Capa  lunga 
colorita,  o  marina,  Manico  di  colteilo,  Tabachina. 
tCannolo  m.~,  v.  Sciarrano  (4). 
Cannonatay!;  cannon  shot,./??',  great  lie. 

*  =  Doccionata,  system  of  water-pipes. 

Cannoncello  m. ;  i.  small  pipe. 
2.  small  cannon.  3.  in  //.  =  Cannon- 
cetti,  but  smaller. 

Cannonce'tti  m.  pi.;  paste  for  soup 
in  the  shape  of  pipes. 

Cannoncfno  m. ;  i.  small  cannon. 
2.  straw  pipe  or  small  tube  of  any 
material.  3.  gas  jet.  4.  in  //.,  frills 
upon  a  shirt  front  by  way  of  ornament. 

5.  a  kind  of  horse's  bit,  made  hollow. 

6.  small  telescope.    7.  in//.,  first  quills 
of  a  young  bird.     8.  in  //.,  paste  for 
soup  in  the  shape  of  pipes.    .9.    rain- 
water pipe.     10.  stick  (of  sulphur). 

Cannoncidni  m.  pi. ;  =  Cannelloni, 
paste  for  soup. 

Cannoncibtti  m.  pi.;  i.q.  Cannon- 
cioni,  but  in  short  pieces. 

Canndne  m.  (augm.  Canna) ;  i.  inter- 
node,  joint  of  a  large  cane.  2.  reel  for 
winding  wool.  3.  water-pipe,  or  pipe  of 
a  stove.  4.  —  della  gola,  gullet ;  —  del 
polmone,  wind-pipe.  5.  =  Cannoncino 
(4),  shirt  frill.  6.  cannon.  7.  cannon- 
bone  of  a  horse. 

*  i.    Fare  i  -i,  to  deceive  in  love.     ii.    case  for  a 
telescope,    iii.  telescope,    iv.   piece  of  cane  placed 
over  asparagus  to  whiten  it.     v.    Mostrar  le  cose 
per  — ,  to  be  stingy  of  showing  them.     vi.  a  kind  of 
gaiter,      vii.    organ-pipe,      viii.    nape   of  the   neck, 
be.    Mezzo  — ,  (mus.)  an  old  wind-instrument. 

Cannoneggi-are  iiid.  cannone'ggio ;  to  can- 
nonade. AJf.  -amento. 

Cannonieray!;  i.  embrasure  or  (mar.)  port- 
hole. 2.  gun-boat. 

Cannoniere  ;«.  ;  i.  gunner.  2.  barrel  forger 
or  welder. 

Cannoso;  reedy. 

Oannuccia/  (dim.  Canna);  i.  stem 
of  a  tobacco-pipe.  2.  pipe  of  a  quill ; 
Non  saper  fare  un  O  con  una  — ,  i.e.  to 
be  unable  to  write.  3.  fishing-rod. 
4.  small  glass  tube.  5.  piece  of  cane 
used  instead  of  a  reel  for  silk  or  cotton. 
6.  thin  piece  of  cane  ;  Reggersi  sulle 


cannucce,  fig.  to  keep  one's  legs  with 
difficulty.  7.  (hot.)  in  //.  (<z)  =  Cannella 
da  scrivere,  reed-grass,  (b)  =  Canna  di 
padule,  marsh  reed,  (c)  —  di  Ravenna, 
7'.  Canna  (if*). 

*  Esser  sulla  — ,  of  a  book,  to  be  on  the  point  of 
publication. 

Cannucciaro  in. ;  builder's  foreman. 
Cannutiglia;  v.  Canutiglia. 
*Cano  (L.);  hoary.     As  so.,  white  hair. 
•Canoayl;   i.  =Canotto,  canoe,     ii.  =  Trogolo, 
trough. 

Candcchia  f. ;  i.  v.  Conocchia.  2.  mantis 
crab,  Squilla. 

Canocchiale;  v.  Cannocchiale. 

*  Canocchio  m. ;  old-decaying  vine-prop. 

Canone  m.;  augm.  Cane,  fine  dog. 

Canon-e  m.  (Gr.  KUVOIV,  ruler,  rod, 
<Kawa,  v.  Canna);  i.  canon  law  of 
the  Church ;  fig.  law  of  ethics  or  art. 

2.  canon  of  Scripture,  the  collection  of 
sacred    books    composing    the    Bible. 

3.  —  della  messa,  the  prayers  which 
follow   the    Preface   and    precede    the 
Communion.      4.    list    of    the    saints. 
5.  —  alessandrino,  list  of  Greek  poets 
and  writers  drawn  up  in  the  schools  of 
Alexandria.      6.     (leg.)    ground    rent. 
7.     annual     instalment     of    purchase 
money.     8.    a  musical  composition  in 
which  the  voices  begin  one  after  an- 
other at  regular  intervals,  successively 
taking  up  the  same  subject;   as  each 
voice  finishes,  it  commences  anew,  thus 
forming  a  continued  fugue;   a  round. 
9.   —  pasquale,  table  of  the  moveable 
feasts.     10.  —  armonico,  (tnus.)  an  in- 
strument used  for  discovering  the  re- 
lations between  musical  intervals,   n.  -.i 
penitenziali,  penances  the  fulfilment  of 
which  readmitted  the  penitent  to  com- 
munion.    12.   (print.)  canon  type,  the 
largest   with    a   specific   name.     13.  = 
Ouattr1  occhi,  golden-eye  duck. 

Canbnica/i;  i.  parsonage.  2.  mathe- 
matics of  the  laws  of  musical  sound. 

*i.  chapter-house  of  a  cathedral,  ii.  chapter, 
iii.  revenue  of  a  Canon,  iv.  canon  law.  v.  =  Canoni- 
chessa. 

Canonicato  m.;  i.  Cathedral  chapter.  2.  office 
or  revenue  of  a  Canon  ;  Jig.  any  well  paid  office. 

Canonichessa/!;  a  kind  of  lay  sister. 

Canonicitayi;  v.  Canone  (2). 

Canbnic-o;  i.  canonical.  2.  Im- 
pedimento — ,  impediment  to  a  marriage 
or  to  its  dissolution,  according  to  canon 
law.  3.  Ore  canoniche,  the  Canonical 
Hours,  i.e.  the  seven  church  services  at 
these  times,  viz.  matins  at  midnight, 
prime  at  sunrise,  tierce  at  9,  sext  at 
noon,  nones  at  3,  vespers  at  sunset,  and 
compline  at  9  p.m.  If  there  was  no 
midnight  service,  matins  and  prime 
were  said  together  at  sunrise.  The 
times  however  at  which  tierce,  nones 
and  compline  were  said  were  reckoned 
from  sunrise  and  sunset  in  the  old 
manner,  when  an  hour  was  a  twelfth 
part  of  the  period  from  sunrise  to  sun- 
set, or  from  sunset  to  sunrise,  and  was 
therefore  identical  with  a  twenty-fourth 
part  of  one  day  and  night  only  at  the 
equinoxes,  v.  Ora.  The  Hour  of  lauds 
was  part  of  matins,  or  might  be  said 
later,  in  which  case  there  was  one  mid- 
night Hour  and  seven  day  Hours.  For 
more  information  see  Encyclopaedia 


Britannica,  article  Breviary.  4.  Casa 
-a,  =Canonica,  parsonage.  5.  quasi- 
fig.  regular,  correct.  6.  (math.)  Formula 
-a,  formula  which  covers  several  cases. 

Canonista  m. ;  professor  of  canon 
law. 

Canonizz-are ;  i.  to  canonise.  2. 
quasi-fig.  to  approve,  recognise,  or  to 
authenticate.  Aff.  -azione. 

Canope  m. ;  =  Canape,  sofa. 

Canbpo  in. ;  r.  a  kind  of  Egyptian 
mortuary  vase.  2.  the  Egyptian  god. 
3.  the  star,  Canopus.  *C4nopo,  miner. 

Can6ro  (L.) ;  harmonious. 

Canotiglia;  v.  Canutiglia. 

Can6tt-o  ;«.  (Carib  word);  canoe. 
Aff.  -iere. 

Canova  f.  (L.  canaba,  hut) ;  wine  or 
provision  shop. 

*i.  =  Appalto.     ii.  —  Abbondanziere.     iii.   store, 
cellar. 

Canovaccio,  Canavaccio  or  Cane- 
vaccio  m.  (Ft.  canwas<b\t.  canabacius 
<  L.  cannabis,  hemp);  i.  canvas  for 
embroidery.  2.  duster. 

Canovaio  m. ;  steward  in  a  monas- 
tery. 

*Canoviere  in. ;  i.  v.  Canova  (i).    ii.  sutler. 

Cans-are  (L.  campsare,  to  turn  round, 
root  cam,  to  bend,  cp.  Gr.  Ka/iTri-w,  to 
bend);  i.  to  remove.  2.  to  avoid. 

*  i.  to  erase  from  the  memory,     ii.  —  il  latte,  to 
wean  a  baby,  or  not  to  suckle  it.    -arsi :  iii.  of  milk, 
to  cease  its  now.     iv.  to  run  away,  escape,     v.  -ato, 
of  vision,  partly  gone. 

Cansat6i-o  »/.,  -a/;  place  of  refuge. 

Cantabella  /  ;  =  Lastra  di  pietra  da 
fornace  del  ferro,  stone  slab. 

Cantabile;  i.  (verse)  which  can  be 
sung.  2.  melodious.  3.  as  sb.,  passage 
of  music  peculiarly  adapted  for  singing. 

Cantaccbiare  ;  =  Canterellare,  to 
hum. 

Cantafavola  f. ;  tiresome,  improb- 
able story. 

*  Cantafera  /. ;  =  Cantilena. 

*  Cantafola  f. ;  i.q.  Cantafavola. 

Cantaiolo;  i.  singing;  Grillo  — , 
chirping  cricket.  As  sb. :  2.  decoy  bird. 

3.  fig.  the  last  coin  left,  in  gambling. 

4.  coin  left  by  beggars  in  their  box  or 
pot,  to  rattle  with. 

*  Cantalluscio  ///.  (Cant1  all'  uscio);  street  singer. 
Cantalupo  ;//. ;  a  sweet  kind  of  gourd. 

t  Cantaluzzo  m. ;  =  Dorado,  gilt-head. 

Cantambanc-o  or  Cantimbanco  m., 
-a  f.  (for  Cant'  al  banco);  i.  strolling 
player.     2.  quasi-fig.  =Appaltone. 
t Cantann6cchia  / ;  =  Cantafavola. 

Cantarano;  v.  Canterano. 

Cantarata;  v.  Canterata. 

Cantare  (L.,  root  kan,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Cant,  Hen);  i.  to  sing.  2.  —  per  far 
— ,  to  speak  for  the  purpose  of  inducing 
a  person  to  say  something  he  knows. 

3.  Far  conto,  or  vista,  che  uno  canti, 
or  Lasciarlo  — ,  to  allow  him  to  talk, 
to   take   no   notice  of   what    he   says. 

4.  Stare  sulP  albero  a  — ,  v.  Albero  (8). 

5.  of  a  document,  to  witness,  or  6.  to 


I2O 


CANTARE— CANZONE 


declare  emphatically.  7.  of  bread,  to 
make  a  crisp  sound  on  being  cut.  8.  to 
chant.  9.  A  me  tu  la  canti?  are  you 
finding  fault  with  me  ?  implying,  I  did 
not  do  it.  jo.  of  a  bill,  etc.,  to  run  (in 
the  name  of  A,  when  the  right  name 
would  be  B).  u.  Canta  di  maggio, 
lit.  he  chirps  in  May,  i.e.  he  is  a  bad 
poet.  12.  Cantar  messa,  of  a  priest, 
to  say  his  first  mass.  13.  Prov.  Carta 
canta  e  villan  dorme,  i.e.  the  peasant 
with  a  written  agreement  of  lease  can 
sleep. 

*i.    —    fuor    di    coro,   to    speak    inopportunely, 
ii.  =  Incantare,  to  bewitch. 

*  Cantare  «;. ;  i.  =  Canto  of  a  poem.    ii.  v.  Can- 
taro. 

t  Cantarella  f. ;  =  Cantaride. 

Cantarello  w. ;  (bot.)  chanterelle,  Agaricus 
cantherellus.  *  =  Canterello  (ii). 

Cantaritte  or  Canterette./  pi.;  (mar.)  stern 
cabin  windows. 

Cantaride/  (Gr.  xai/tfapor,  beetle); 
Spanish  fly. 

*Cantarino;  v.  Canterino. 

*  Cantario  m. ;  a  kind  of  candlestick. 
Cantaro  (Cantare)  in.  (A)  (L.  centenariuin); 

a  quintal  or  hundredweight,  more  or  less,  according 
to  locality. 

(B);  i.  —  comune,  black  sea-bream,  Cantharus 
vulgaris,  locally  termed  Cantara,  Occiada,  Tanuda. 
2.  —  orbicolare,  ox-eyed  sea-bream,  Cantharus 
orbicularis,  locally  termed  Occiada,  Scprzone. 

*i.    drinking-cup.     ii.  =  Cantero.      iii.    (scherz.) 
regiment,  crowd. 

Cantast6rie  >n. ;  professional  story- 
teller. 

Cantat-a_/!;  as  E.,  poem  set  to  music.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Cantatfna./;  i.=Cantata.    2.  singing  of  birds. 

Cant-at6re  m.,  -at6ra  or  -atrice/;  reciter. 
*Cantazzare  ;  =  Sberciare,  to  lampoon. 

Canteo  m.  (L.  canterius,  v.  Cantiere); 
small  beam  of  bar  across  the  frame  of 
a  sawpit  for  supporting  the  timber  to 
be  sawn. 

Cantera  /  ;  i.  a  kind  of  triangular 
gouge.  2.  =  Canterano. 

Canterale  m. ;  i.g.  Canterano. 

Canterano  »i.  (L.  ca>ii/i<trns,  =  Gr. 
Kavdapos,  tankard,  so  that  Canterano 
was  orig.  shelves  for  drinking-cups) ; 
chest  of  drawers. 

Canterella  f.  (variant  of  Cantaride,  from  at- 
traction by  cantare);  i.q.  Cantaride.  *  decoy  par- 
tridge. 

Canterellare ;  to  hum.  *  to  write 
bad  verses. 

Canterelllo in. ;  continued  humming. 

•Canterello  »/.;  i.  =  Orpello,  tinsel,    ii.  dim. 
Cantero.     iii.  —  Cantaiolo. 

Canterette  ./!>/.;  v.  Cantarette. 
t  Canteriera  f. ;  —  Comodino. 

Canterino  (Cantarino);  scherz.  or 
spreg.  for  Cantante.  Uccello  — ,  decoy 
bird.  Grille  — ,  chirping  cricket. 

*  i.  =  Canterello  (i)  and  (ii).    ii.  Orzo  — ,  a  variety 
of  barley. 

Canterio  in. ;  (arch.)  part  of  a 
cornice. 

Cantero  m.  (L.  canlharus  from  Gr. 
Kav6apos,  drinking-cup) ;  pan,  night- 
stool.  *  drinking-cup. 

Canterdne  m. ;  augm.  Cantero. 

*  Canteruto ;  with  sharp  corners. 
Cantica^;  poem. 

Canticchiare ;  i.  to  sing  gently.  2.  to  begin 
learning  to  sing,  to  sing  a  little. 


*  Canticello  m. ;  dim.  Canto,  corner. 
*Canticino  m. ;  dim.  Canto,  composition. 

Cantico  ?«. ;  i.  canticle,  hymn.  2.  in 
the  ancient  Roman  theatre,  monologue. 

Cantiere  m.  (L.  canterius,  rafter) ; 

1.  ship-builder's   yard.      2.    socket   of 
the  capstan.     3.    stone-mason's  shed. 

*  i.  joiner's  bench,     ii.  rafter. 

Cantilena  /  (L.);    i.   cradle  song. 

2.  oft  repeated  song,  old  song,  catch. 

3.  long  dull  poem.     4.    sing-song  kind 
of  intonation. 

*i.  (mits.)  well  modulated  composition,  ii.  ac- 
companiment to  a  song.  iii.  singing,  iv.  hawker's 
cry. 

Cantimbanco ;  v.  Cantambanco. 

Cantimpl&ra  or  pop.  Cantinfl&ra  / ; 
water-cooler. 

fctytn.  The  word  occurs  in  the  same  form  in 
Spanish  and  with  the  same  meaning,  viz.  tin  or 
glass  vessel  for  cooling  water  by  plunging  it  into  a 
larger  vessel  containing  ice  or  snow.  The  French 
ckantepleure,  though  a  word  of  very  similar  form, 
means  a  spout  with  a  rose,  but  the  dripping  water- 
cooler  may  well  have  been  named  after  the  dripping 
chantepleitre.  An  ingenious  guess  is  given  by  Caix 
and  accepted  by  Korting  that  the  origin  of  both  the 
Italian  and  Spanish  forms  is  the  L.  canna  ••  imple- 
toria,  but  it  seems  more  natural  to  trace  chantepleure 
to  chanter,  pleurer,  and  the  Italian  and  Spanish 
words  to  this. 

Cantfn-a  f.  (prob.  from  the  same 
root  as  Canto  and  therefore  orig.  mean- 
ing "a  little  corner"  ;  other  suggestions 
are  **  Canovettina,  and  L.  quintana, 
market,  v.  Littre",  sub  Cantine) ;  i.  wine- 
cellar  or  melon,  wine  therefrom,  or  quasi- 
fig.  cellar,  as  a  dark  place.  2.  scherz. 
Tenore  colla  voce  in  — ,  tenor  with  a 
remarkably  deep  voice.  3.  Pianger  in 
— ,  to  repent  bitterly;  Lo  sposi  di  tuo 
capriccio:  poi  andrai  a  pianger  in  — , 
you  may  marry  him  if  you  choose,  but 
you  will  repent  it  bitterly  afterwards. 
*  cave.  AJf.  -accia  pegg. 

'Cantinella/: ;  i.  tub.  ii.  shelf,  iii.  flexible 
ruler  for  drawing  curves. 

Cantinetta  f. ;  i.  dim.  Cantina.  2.  =  Can- 
timplora. 

Cantinflora./;  v.  Cantimplora. 

Cantiniere  m. ;  chief  butler. 

Cantinfna./;  dim.  vezz.  Cantina. 

Cantino    m.    (It.    canto,    singing) ; 
treble  string  of  a  violin.     Rompere  il 
-  a  uno,  to  harass,  to  bore  him. 

*  Rompere  il  —  alia  chitarra,  i.e.  to  break  off  the 
conversation, 

Cantin-6na_A  -6ne  m.  augm.,  -uccia  spreg., 
of  -a. 

Cant-o   ;//.    (A)    (L.,    v.   Cantare); 

1.  singing.     2.   poem.     3.   canto   of  a 
poem. 

(B)  i.  corner;  — vivo,  sharp  corner. 

2.  side ;    Una    noce    a    tre    -i,    lucky 
walnut,  one  with  the  shell  divided  into 
three  segments.     3.  A  — ,  or  Accanto, 
beside ;   Levarsi  da  — ,  to  get  rid  of. 

4.  Da  —  di  padre,  on  the  father's  side ; 
Dal  mio  — ,  for  my  part ;  Dall'  altro  — , 
on  the  other  hand. 

*Da  — ,  exactly.  Per  — ,  across.  Di  —  in  — , 
on  every  side. 

Etyin.  mil.  cantus,  which  is  a  Latinisation 
either  of  Gr.  KavSos  or  of  a  Celtic  form,  cp.  Welsh 
cant.  Both  the  Greek  and  the  Welsh  word  mean 
inter  alia  the  rim  of  a  wheel,  so  that  the  original 
meaning  of  the  mlt.  cantus  would  be  edge,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Cant  No.  2. 

Cantofe'rmo  m. ;  Gregorian  chant. 


*  Cantoluto  ;  full  of  corners. 
*Cantonale;  i.  Sistema  or  Leva  — ,  viz.  where 

a  given  district  has  to  provide  a  given  number  of 
soldiers,     tii.  as  sf>.,  =  Cantoniera,  angle-iron. 

*Cantonare;    i.    to    parcel    out.      ii.  =Accan- 
tonare. 

Cantonata  / ;  exterior  angle  of  a 
building.  Prendere  una  — ,  of  a  carriage, 
to  strike  against  a  corner;  fig.  to  com- 
mit a  great  blunder. 

Cantdn-e    m.    (It.    canto,   corner)  ; 

1.  Lasciare  in  un  — ,  to  leave  on  one 
side,  to  disregard.     2.  squared  piece  of 
artificial  stone,  slab  of  concrete;  Uomo 
a   -i,    cantankerous    fellow.      3.    Swiss 
canton  (regarded   as   the  corner   of  a 
territory).     4.   (vet.)  incisor  tooth  of  an 
animal.     5.    (herald.)   canton,   a   small 
square  figure  generally  placed  at  the 
dexter  chief  of  the  shield. 

*i.   Pigliarsi  un  —  in  pagamento,  to  sneak  off. 
ii.  Lanciar  -i,  to  tell  lies.     iii.  quarter  of  the  world. 

Cantoniera/;  i.  corner  cupboard. 

2.  angle-iron.     3.  street-walker. 
Cantoniere  m. ;  road-man.     *  men- 
dicant pedlar. 

Cantonierinay. ;  dim.  Cantoniera. 
*Cantonuto;  angular. 

Cantdra  / ;  nun  who  sings  in  the 
choir.  */  pi.  of  Canto. 

Cantorato  m. ;  office  of  a  chorister. 
Cantdre  m. ;  singer,  choir  leader. 

Cantoria  /  ;  i.  gallery  for  a  choir. 
2.  the  Odeum  at  Athens. 

Cantorino  m.  \  \.  choir-book.  2.  book 
of  the  rules  of  Gregorian  singing. 

Cantoruccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Cantore. 

*  Cantoruto ;  angular. 
Cantucchiare;  v.  Canticchiare. 

Cantucciaio  m.  \  biscuit  seller  or 
baker. 

Cantuccino  m. ;  dim.  Cantuccio. 

Cantliccio  m.  (dim.  Canto);  i.  in- 
ternal corner,  corner  of  a  room.  2.  corner 
piece  of  bread,  or  cheese,  with  a  large 
proportion  of  crust.  3.  sugar  biscuit. 
4.  clove  of  garlic. 

*  Cantucciuto  ;  i.  angular,     ii.  lumpy. 
Canucciaccio  m. ;  dim.  pegg.  Cane,  cur. 
Canuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Cane. 

*Canutamente;  warily. 
Canut£zzay?;  i.y.  Canizie. 

Canutiglia  or  Cannutiglia  (Cano- 
tiglia)  /  (A)  (Span,  canutillo,  cafittto, 
internode  of  a  reed,  cafia,  <  L.  canna) ; 

1.  minute  glass  tubules  used  in  making 
certain  kinds  of  embroidery.     2.  fringe 
or  braid  of  gold  or  silver  twist,  purl. 

(B)  scherz.  (It.  canuto);  =  Canizie. 
Canute   (bit.    ca>iu(us<L.    canus); 
hoary. 

Canutola/!;  (bot.)  mountain  germander,  Teu- 
crium  polium,  also  termed  Polio. 
*Canuzzo  w.;  =  Canuccio. 
Canzonacciay. ;  pegg.  Canzone. 

Canzon-are  ind.  canzono ;  to  make 
fun  of;  intr.  to  joke.  AJf.  -atore,  -atora, 
-atrice,  -atoriamdnte,  -atorio,  -atura. 

Canzon-cinay,  dim.,  -ci6ne  ;«.,  -ci6nay^. 
augm.  of-e. 

Canzdne  /  (L.  cantio<cano,  v. 
Cantare);  i.  lyric  poetry,  ballad. 

2.  quasi-fig.  tiresome  repetition.  3.  Met- 
tere    in   — ,  =  Canzonare,   to  jeer  at  ; 


Una  brutta  — ,  unpleasant  announce- 
ment. 

Canzonella  / ;    Mettere  in  — ,   to 
make  light  of. 

Canzon-etta    dim.,    -ettaccia    dim.  pegg., 
-ettuccia  dim,  spreg.,  of  -e. 

Canzoniere  m. ;  poetry-book,  song-book. 

Canzon-ista  m. ;   song-writer,     -uccia  dim. 
spreg.,  -ucciaccia  dim.  pegg.,  of  -e. 

tCao  M.;  i.  —  d'  euggio  =  Capidolio,  sperm 
whale,  ii.  =  Caos.  iii.  =  Capo.  iv.  Bocca  in  — , 
=  Pesce  prete,  -'.  Uranoscopo. 

Caodinea  /.;  (tat.)  green  slime,   Protococcus 
viridis. 

Caolino  m.  (Chinese  word);  kaolin,  porcelain 
clay. 

Caone  m.;  (bat.)  Daphne  thymelta. 

Caorsa  f. ;    the    city   of   Cahors    in    France, 
formerly  proverbial  for  usury. 

*  Caorsino  m. ;  usurer. 

Caps  or  Caosse  m.,  with  pi.  Caos  or 
Caossi  (Gr.  ^oV,  space) ;  chaos. 

tCaostello  >«.;=  Muggine  calamita,  mullet. 

T  Capa  f. ;  i.  —  lunga,  at da  deo,  sheath-razor 

shell,  Soltn  vagina,  ii.  —  de  le  piere,  lesser  acorn 
shell,  v.  Ghiandale  (2).  iii.  —  de  palo,  barnacle,  v. 
Ghlandale  (3).  iv.  —  de  le  galane,  v.  Ghiandale  (4). 
v.  —  lunga  colorita,  or  marina  =Manico  di  coltello, 
razor-shell,  Solen  silifua.  vi.  —  santa,  Mediter- 
ranean scallop,  Pecten  ituoteus.  vii.  —  tonda, 
common  cockle,  v.  Cardio.  viii,  Cardium  atu- 
leatum,  a  species  of  cockle,  ix.  —  tonda  di  mare, 
thorny  cockle,  Cardium  echitiatum. 

Capacchiblo  m.  (dim.  Capo) ;  block- 
head, dolt,  headstrong  fellow. 

*  Capacchione  m. ;  bad  mistake. 
•Capaccia/;   i.    annoyance,     ii.    boar's  head 

with  the  tongue  and  brains, 
t  Capacciaia  y: ;  =  Capaccina. 

Capaccfna/ ;  heaviness  in  the  head. 
Capaccio  m.   (pegg.  Capo);    I.   de- 
formed  head.     2.    dull   obtuse  person. 

3.  man  of  bad  character.     4.  chamber 
in  connection  with  the  blast  of  a  furnace. 

Capacciuto ;  of  a  leek,  etc.,  with  a 
large  top. 

Capac-«  (L.<cap,  stem  of  capio,  to 
receive,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Capacious) ;  i.  ca- 
pacious. 2.  capable.  3.  "possible. 

4.  convinced  ;  Dite  quel  clie  volete,  ma 
io  non  ne  vo  — ,  say  what  you  will  I 
shall  not  be  convinced.     Aff.  -mo  dim. 
vezz.,  -ita. 

Capacit-are  ind.  capacito  (It.  ca- 
pace) ;  i.  to  convince.  2.  to  be  accept- 
able to,  to  suit  one's  taste;  -arsi,  to 
conceive. 

*  Capaguto  m. ;  sharp-pointed  weapon. 

Capaia  /;  Tenere  a  — ,  to  allow 
several  branches  (of  a  vine)  to  grow. 

Capalc  m. ;  head  covering  for  a  horse  when  it 


Capameno  m.  (It.  capo,  ameno); 
wag. 

Capann-a  /  (bit  capanna,  of  unkn. 
orig.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cabin);  hovel. 
Festa  delle  -e,  the  Jewish  feast  of  Taber- 
nacles. Mettere  in  — ,  scherz.  to  eat. 
Corpo  mio  or  Ventre  mio,  fatti  — ,  lit. 
oh !  my  body,  make  yourself  (as  large 
as)  a  booth,  said  at  the  sight  of  a  great 
feast.  Tetto  a  — ,  roof  sloping  in  two 
directions,  ridged  roof.  A/,  -accia  pegg. 

Capannella  /;  i.  dim.  Capanna. 
2.  -v.  Cappa  (5). 

Capannello  /». ;  group,  coterie  of 
persons. 

H. 


CANZONELLA— CAPERE 

Capann-etta  dim.,  -!na  dim.,  smaller  than 
-etta,  -mo  dim.,  of  -a. 

Capannisctfndersi  m. ;  game  of  hide 
and  seek. 

Capanno  m.  (var.  of  Capanna); 
i.  hut  for  sheltering  a  bird-catcher  or 
other  watcher  in  the  fields.  2.  summer- 
house,  arbour. 

Capanndnew.;  i.  hay-loft.  2.  large 
empty  room,  goods  shed,  etc. ;  the  term 
is  sometimes  applied  to  the  cathedral  at 
Florence.  *ox-stall. 

Capanndtto  m.  \  dim.  Capanno. 

Capannuccia/;  i.  dint,  spreg.  Ca- 
panna. 2.  small  pasteboard  scene 
representing  the  Nativity  of  Christ. 
3.  Far  il  hue  alia  — ,  i.e.  to  pretend  to 
know  nothing  of  some  matter. 

Capannuccio  m. ;  i.  dim.  spreg. 
Capanno.  2.  heap  of  brushwood  for 
burning.  3.  (arch.)  lantern  on  the  top 
of  a  dome. 

Caparbi-o  (It.  capo) ;  self-willed. 
Aff.  -Kccmpegg,,  -aggine,  -ame"nte,  -en'a, 
-eta,  -e"tto  aim. 

*  Capare ;  v.  Cappare,  to  choose. 
Caparello;     Muggine    — ,     gray    mullet,    v. 

Muggine  (3). 

tCaparon  ». ;  Virginian  Venus  shell,  Venus 
virgitiea. 

tCaparozzolo>«.;  Cornwall  heart  cockle,  Vemts 
verrucosa. 

CaparrayC  (L.  cape  arrham,  v.  Arra); 
caution-money,  deposit  on  a  contract. 

Caparrare  ;  i.q.  Accaparrare,  to  en- 
gage. 

*  Caparrone  m. ;  i.  -  (Japrone,  goat.    ii.  =  Appal- 


*Capassay:;  =  Ceppa,  root-stock. 
*  Capassone  m. ;  thick-head 

Capat-ayC;  i.  blow  with  or  on  the 
head;  Battere  una  — ,  to  strike  one's 
head.  2.  Batter  la  — ,  fig.  (a)  to  die, 
(<5)  to  be  ruined,  go  bankrupt,  (c)  to  quit 
a  high  office;  II  ministero  sta  per 
battere  la  — ,  the  ministry  are  on  the 
point  of  falling.  3.  Dare  una  —  in  un 
posto,  to  have  a  glimpse  there ;  Dai 
una  —  in  piazza  e  guarda  se  c'  e  un 
vetturino,  just  run  into  the  square  and 
see  if  there  is  a  cab  there.  4.  Fare  alle 
-e  co'  muriccioli,  to  run  one's  head 
against  a  wall. 

*  i.  salute  with  the  head,  bow.  ii.  nod,  or  shake, 
of  the  head,  for  yes  or  no.  iii.  =  Scapataggine,  rash 
act. 

Capatina^;  dim.  Capata. 

•Capazzo;  v.  Capaccio. 

Cape  ;  3rd  sing,  of  Capdre,  meaning, 
is  able  to  be  contained  in.  II  mondo 
e  cos}  grande  che  ci  si  —  tutti,  the 
world  is  large  enough  for  us  all.  Tutta 
codesta  roba  in  quella  stanza  non  ci 
— ,  all  these  things  cannot  be  got  into 
that  room.  A  lui  nel  cervello  non  gli  ci 
-  che  tu  hai  ragione,  the  notion  of 
your  being  right  cannot  be  got  into  his 
head.  Se  ci  -  -  quando  siamo  a 
Parigi  si  fa  una  scappata  a  Londra, 
when  we  are  in  Paris  we  will  just  run 
over  to  London,  if  it  can  be  squeezed 
in.  The  infinitive  and  other  parts  of 
the  verb  Cape"re  are  not  used,  v.  Capere. 

Capecchiaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Capecchio. 


121 

Capecchio  m.  (L.  capitutum,  ending, 
head  of  a  plant);  I.  the  rough  part  at 
each  end  of  flax  or  hemp  fibre,  tow. 
2.  (hot.)  Venetian  sumach,  Rhus  cotinus, 
also  termed  Scotano. 

_  The  meaning  of  the  word  accords  with  its  deri- 
vation, because  tow  is  composed  of  fibre  endings,  and 
the  shrub  has  a  remarkable  feathery  inflorescence, 
resembling  tow. 

Capeggiare  ;  v.  Cappeggiare. 

tCapelan  w.;  =  Gado  minuto. 

Capella/  (L.);  she-goat. 
Capellacci  m.  pi.  •  i.  pegg.  Capelli. 
2.  meton.  boy  with  untidy  hair. 

Capellame  m. ;  quality,  or  colour  of 
hair. 

•Capellamento  »/. ;  i.  =  Capigliatura.  ii.  fine 
root-fibres  of  a  plant,  iii.  irradiation  of  a  bright 
light. 

tCapellare  w.;=Barhicella,  root-fibre. 
Capellato  ;  hairy.     As  si.,  growth  of  hair. 

Capellatura  / ;  i.  =  Capigliatura. 
2.  roots  of  a  plant. 

*Capellia/.;  =  Capiglia,  fighting. 
Capelheray:;  =  Capigliatura,  hair.     *wig. 

Capellino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Capello. 
2.  in  pi.,  a  fine  kind  of  vermicelli  for 
soup.  3.  in  pi.,  (hot.)  bent  grass, 
Agrostis  vulgaris. 

*  As  adj.,  chestnut  coloured. 
Capellizio  ;  v.  Capillizio. 

Capell-o  m.  (L.  capillus,  so  that  the 
e  is  "shut";  v.  Cappello,  the  e  of  which 
is  "  open  ") ;  pi.  Cap-elli,  -egli  or  «-ei. 
i.  hair;  In  -i,  without  a  hat ;  Fino  a  -i, 
extremely ;  Avere  fino  a'  -i  d'  una  cosa, 
to  be  heartily  tired  of  it;  Essere,  or 
Fare  a'  -i,  to  be  fighting ;  Aver  in  diavolo 
per  — ,  to  be  in  a  great  rage  ;  Tirarsi  pei 
-i,  to  spend  a  long  time  in  bargaining. 
Prov.  I  -i  ingrossano  dopo  cena,  i.e. 
wine  heats  the  head.  2.  irradiation 
of  a  bright  light.  3.  (tot.)  (a)  Capel 
di  fontana,  =  Capelvenere,  maidenhair 
fern ;  (b)  -i  del  diavolo,  greater  dodder, 
Cuscuta  Europaea ;  (f)  -i  di  Venere,  or 
Barba  di  Cappuccino,  fennel  flower, 
Nigella  damascena.  4.  Capel  d'  an- 
giolo,  v.  Capelvenere  (2).  5.  (mar.)  in 
pi.,  =  Parabordo  fisso,  fender. 

*  i.  Non  essere  in  -i,  to  have  no  hair.  ii.  Essere 
in  .i,  to  be  poor.  iii.  Avere  lino  sulla  punta  de'  -i,= 
Averlo  in  tasca,  to  dislike  him. 

•Capelloso  ;  as  thin  as  hair. 
Capelluccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Capello. 

Capelluto;  i.  very  hairy.  2.  of  a 
bird,  crested. 

Capelvenere  (Capilvenere)  m.  •  i. 
(hot.)  maidenhair  fern,  Adiantum  ca- 
pillus Veneris.  2.  fine  paste  for  soup, 
made  up  in  curls. 

tCapercio  ;=Caparbio,  obstinate. 

Capere  or  Capere  perf.  »Capei,  jrd  pi.  *cap- 
pion,  part.  *catto  or  *caputo,  a  variant  of  Capire 
(L.  capia)  now  only  used  in  the  3rd  sixg.,  pres.  ind., 
v.  Cape. 

The  original  meaning  of  Capere  was,  to  take, 
but  there  remains  no  example  of  this  in  the  material 
sense.  The  usage  of  the  word  by  early  writers  is  as 
follows : 

i.  as  an  operation  of  or  upon  the  mind,  Questo 
mi  capej  or  non  mi  cape  nell  animo,  nel  gtudizio, 
nel  penstero,  ecc.,  meaning,  I  take  this,  I  judge  this, 
etc.,  to  be  so  and  so,  or  I  do  not  understand  it,  etc.; 
another  meaning  of  the  same  phrase  is,  this  is,  or 
is  not,  readily  intelligible  to  me.  Secondo  che  nel 
1'  animo  gli  capea  (Bocc.  Nov.  56.  3),  as  it  appeared 
to  him.  E  pero  nel  mio  giudicio  cape  tutte  quelle 
esser  degne....(Bocc.  Nov.  89.  4),  accordingly,  in  my 
judgment  they  all  merit....  E  quant'  e  '1  dolce  male 

16 


I  22 


CAPERELLO— CAPITOLARE 


Ne  'n  pensier  cape  non  che  'n  verso,  o  in  rima  (Petr. 
Son.  149),  it  cannot  be  conceived  far  less  expressed 
in  verse  or  rhyme  how  great  is  the  sweet  pain.  Cose 
appena  cappion  nel  mio  pensiero,  as  soon  as  these 
ideas  suggest  themselves  (Firenzuola,  Asino  d'  oro, 

257)- 

ii.  to  contain.  Maggtor  salute  maggior  corpo 
cape  (D.  Par.  28.  68),  a  greater  amount  of  wholesome 
influence  is  contained  in  a  body  of  greater  volume. 

iii.  to  find  room.  Xante  femmine  concorsero 
ne!  castello  che  appena  vi  capeano  (Bocc.  Nov.  60. 
14),  so  many  women  assembled  in  the  castle  that 
there  was  scarcely  room  for  them.  Tulto  lo  dificio 
insieme  era  di  tanta  larghezza  che  ci  sarebbero  caputi 
forse  ben  cento  uomini  (Vit.  SS.  Pad.  i.  128),  the 
whole  building  was  so  large  that  a  good  hundred 
men  might  have  got  into  it. 

iv.  of  a  mental  image,  to  occupy  the  mind  of  ; 
Perche...rm  cappia  (D.  Purg.  21.  81),  that  I  may  be 
seized  of  the  reason  why...  . 

v.  to  live,  to  abide.  Conveniva  che  Romulo 
non  capesse  in  Alba.  ..a  voter  che  diventasse  Re  di 
Roma  (Mach.  Princ.  34),  it  was  unsuitable  that 
Romulus  should  live  at  Alba.  ..since  he  wished  to  be 
made  king  of  Rome.  Similarly./?^.  Volendo  il  popolo 
vivere  secondo  le  leggi  e  i  potenti  comandare  a  quelle 
non  e  possibile  capino  insieme  (Mach.  Stor.  2.  302), 
if  the  people  wish  to  live  under  the  laws  and  their 
rulers  to  be  above  the  laws  it  is  impossible  that  people 
and  rulers  should  get  on  together,  ///.  find  room  for 
themselves  together,  v.  supra  (iii).  Capino  is  here 
irregularly  used  for  Capano. 

vi.  Non  capere  in  se  stesso,  nella  pelle,  ne'  panni, 
to  be  unable  to  contain  oneself,  lit.  not  to  find  room 
for  oneself,  as  supra  (iii).  This  phrase,  with  the 
word  Capere  replaced  by  Capire,  is  still  used.  An. 
dava...tanto  Heto  che  egli  non  capea  nel  cuojo  (Bocc. 
Nov.  85.  12),  he  was  so  delighted  as  to  be  almost 
beside  himself,  lit.  he  could  not  find  room  in  the 
leather,  i.e.  in  his  skin. 

vii.  Non  capervi,  to  find  no  place,  to  be  im- 
possible. Voile  provar  di  far  tra  i  due  Re  pace... 
Ma  loro  andata  fu  tutta  fallace  Perche  pace  tra  lor 
non  vi  capeva  (Ant.  Puce.  Centil.  31.  90),  peace 
between  them  being  impossible. 

tCaperello  in.  ;  =  Capezzolo,  nipple. 

Caper6zzolo  m.  ;  dim.  Capo,  small 
rounded  end  of  anything,  pin's  head,  etc. 

*Capessata./;  =  Scapaccione,  slap. 

*  Capestratura  /.  ;  =  Incapestratura. 

Capestreria/  ;  freak,  esp.  in  writing. 
*tit-bit. 

Cap6stro  (Cavestro)  m.  (L.  capistrum 
<capio);  \.  halter.  2.  girdle  of  the 
Franciscans.  3.  =  Forca,  scoundrel. 

*Capestruzzo  nt.  ;  dim.  Capestro  (3). 

Capettaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  Capetto,  but  with  nearly 
the  same  meaning. 

Capetto  m.  ;  dim.  Capo,  but  used  in 
bad  sense,  naughty  boy  or  girl. 

Capettucciaccio  m.  ;  fegg.  Capetto,  very 
naughty. 

*Capevole  (It.  capere);  i.  capable  of  receiving. 
ii.  apt,  intelligent,  iii.  readily  intelligible,  iv.  co* 
pious,  v.  meritorious,  vi.  Esser  —  di,  to  require. 

•Capezza/:  i.  =Cavezza.  ii.  the  furrow  next 
the  border  of  a  field. 

Capezzale  m.  (It.  capo);  I.  bolster; 
Al  —  ,  at  the  point  of  death.  2.  sand 
bar  deposited  by  a  river  or  thrown  up 
by  the  sea.  3.  in  mining,  bed  on  or 
against  which  the  mineral  vein  rests. 

*  Capezzana  y:  ;  =  Capitagna. 

*Capezzata  /;  (arch.)  coping  of  a 
wall. 

Capezziera  f.  ;  (mar.)  clew  of  a  hammock. 
*  antimacassar. 

*  Capezzo  in.  ;  i.q.  Capezza. 
Capezzolino  »/.;  dim.  Capezzolo. 


m.   (dim.  Capezzo  <  L. 
capitium  <  caput)  ;  nipple. 

'Capezzonchio  »/.;  =  Babbeo. 
•Capezzone  m.;  v.  Cavezzone. 

Capibara  nt.  ;   capybara,  Hydrockoerus  capy- 
bara, a  species  of  guinea-pig. 

*  Capicerio  m.  ;=  Primicerio,  headship. 

Capidbglio  m.  (It.  capo,  olio,  the 
head  of  the  whale  furnishing  the  oil)  ; 


sperm  whale,  cachalot,  Physeter  macro- 
cephalus,  also  termed  Balena  sper- 
maceta,  Fisetere,  Macrocefalo. 

*Capieray^;  antimacassar. 
*Capifedito  ;  wounded  in  the  head. 

Capifbsso  (Capofosso)  m. ;  main 
ditch. 

*Capifrecciay:;  quiver. 
*Capifupco  »t  ;  =  Alare,  fire-dog, 
•Capiglia,  'Capellia /;  =  Accapigliarsi,  fight- 
ing. 

*Capigliai-a,  -aray:;  =  CapigIiatura. 

Capigliatura  f. ;  hair,  head  of  hair. 

"Capiglio  m. ;  v.  Capiglia. 

Capilargo ;  larger  at  the  top  end. 
Capill-are ;  capillary.     Ajf.  -arita. 

Capillir^wf.;  a  kind  of  beverage. 

*Capillizio  in. ;  i.  scalp,  ii.  irradiation  round 
a  star. 

•Capilvenere  «.;  =  Capelvenere,  maidenhair. 

•Capinascente  m.\  wig  where  the  hair  looks 
growing. 

Capin^r-o  /«.,  -a/;  (ornith.)  i.  =  Cin- 
ciallegra,  great  tit.  2.  blackcap,  Sylvia 
atricapilla,  also  termed  Bigiola,  Capo- 
nera  d'  edera.  3.  -a  piccola,  =  Cincia 
mora,  coal  tit. 

Capino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Capo. 

Cap-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  capere,  •v. 
Skeat,  sub  Capacious,  Heave);  i.  to 
understand,  v.  Comprendere.  2.  intr. 
to  find  room  for  itself.  This  meaning 
only  occurs  lit.  in  the  3rd  sing.  pres. 
ind.  or  subj.,  v.  Cape,  and  fig.  in  the 
phrase,  Non  —  in  se,  or  nella  pelle,  to 
be  overjoyed,  ?•.  Capere  (vi). 

Capi rosso  or  Capor6sso  m.  •  i.  red-headed 
shrike,  Lattius  ru/us.  2.  red-crested  duck,  V. 
Germane  (4). 

Capirbtto  m. ;  i.  man  with  a  broken 
head.  2.  accident  ward  in  a  hospital. 
3.  in  //.,  waste,  scraps. 

Capi-st&o,  -steio  or  -sterio  m.  (L. 
capisterium <  scaphisteriutn) ;  i.  sieve 
for  cleansing  grain.  2.  tray  borne  on 
the  head  for  carrying  clothes  from  the 
wash.  3.  pan  for  washing ;  Cader  del 
— ,  said  of  a  baby,  upon  the  arrival  of 
another  baby. 

Capitagna  /  (L.  capitaneus) ;  un- 
cultivated strip  along  the  border  of  a 
field. 

Capitalaccio  m.;  pegg.  Capitale  (3). 

Capital-e  (L.);  i.  capital.  As  sb.f.: 
2.  capital  city.  As  sb.  m. :  3.  in  mer- 
cantile sense,  capital;  Stare  in  — ,  to 
keep  one's  capital  intact,  make  neither 
profit  nor  loss;  Far  —  d'  uno,  quasi- 
JKg.  to  rely  upon  him.  4.  Un  — ,  Un 
buon,  or  gran  — ,  a  merry  wag,  but 
often  iron.,  i.e.  person  of  bad  character  ; 
I  peggio  -i  della  citta,  all  the  riffraff  of 
the  town. 

*i.  Mettereil  danaroa  — ,  to  loan  it  out.  ii.  Metter 
del  —  in  un  affare,  to  make  a  loss  over  it.  iii.  Avere 
a  — ,  or  Tenere  in  — ,  to  esteem  highly,  iv.  Poco  — , 
person  of  no  account. 

Aff.  -etto  or  -ino  dim.;  -ista,  -izzare,  -uccia  dim. 
spreg.  of  -e  (2) ;  -uccio,  dim.  spreg.  of  -e  (3)  or  (4). 

CapitanayT;  i.  scherz.  captain's  wife.  2.  Nave 
— ,  admiral's  ship,  flag-ship. 

Capitanare ;  to  command. 

Capitanato  m. ;  i.  rank  or  office  of  captain. 
2.  district  of  a  captain's  command. 

Capitaneggiare  ;  i.f.  Capitanare. 


Capitaneria  f. ;  i.  coast  region  under  a  sea- 
officer's  command.  2.  officer's  residence.  3.  —  di 
porto,  harbour-master's  office.  4.  (geagr.)  department 
(in  Spain). 

*  i.  leadership,     ii.  the  men  of  a  given  corps. 
Capitanessa  / ;  i.q.  Capitana  (i). 

Capitano  in.  (mlt.  capitaneus <  ca- 
put) ;  i .  captain  ;  —  del  porto,  harbour- 
master. 2.  leader  of  an  army ;  II  gran 
— ,  a  term  by  which  Gonsalvo  di  Cordova 
is  usually  intended.  3.  (hist.)  title  of 
certain  magistrates  in  medieval  Flo- 
rence. 4.  —  del  popolo,  commander  of 
the  local  militia  in  the  Italian  republics. 

5.  -  -   di   ventura,   soldier  of  fortune. 

6.  —  della  terra,  governor  of  a  city 
under  the   dominion   of   another   city. 

7.  --  di  piazza,  =  Bargello,  chief  con- 
stable.    8.   --   di  Santa   Chiesa,   com- 
mander   of    the    Papal    army.     9.    in 
Turkey,  Capitan  pascia,  High  Admiral, 
the  second  officer  of  the  Turkish  empire, 
(o.  —  de'  lanzi,  said  of  a  dirty  person 
or  drinker,     u.    scherz.    leader    of    a 
political  faction. 

*  i.   governor  of  a  province,     ii.  —  del  popolo, 
tribune  of  ancient  Rome.     iii.  —  Capitale  (2). 

Capitanuccio  m.;  dim.  Capitano. 

Capit-are  ind.  capito  (It.  capo,  in 
sense  of  Far  capo,  to  come  to  an  end, 
•viz.  of  a  journey);  i.  to  arrive.  2.  with 
di  and  an  infin.,  to  occur ;  Se  vi  capita 
d'  incontrarlo,  if  you  chance  to  meet 
him.  3.  —  bene,  male,  to  meet  with 
good,  or  bad,  fortune;  —  male,  of  a 
girl,  to  lose  her  good  name.  4.  Tutte 
-ano  a  me,  it  is  always  to  me  that  (mis- 
fortunes) happen.  5.  -ato,  (hot.)  (stigma) 
with  a  little  round  head. 

*  to  conclude  (a  business).     —  a  mal  tenore,  to 
bring  to  a  bad  end. 

Capitazi6ne  / ;  poll-tax. 

Capite;  Latin  word.  Generale  in 
— ,  general-in-chief.  Parola  in  — ,  in 
large  print  in  a  headline.  Esser  in  — 
libri,  to  rank  first.  Tra'  miei  nemici 
quello  e  in  —  libri,  he  is  my  chief 
enemy. 

Capitella  /  ;  the  end  of  the  waxed 
thread  used  by  shoemakers  where  the 
bristles  are  placed. 

Capitdllom.  (L.);  i.  (arch.)  capital. 
2.  in  book-binding,  the  strip  of  leather 
inside  the  back  of  a  book  at  top  and 
bottom.  3.  in  glass  manufacture,  strong 
lye.  4.  (chem.)  receiving  tube  of  a  re- 
tort. 5.  (&?/.)  =  Capolino,  the  head  of 
a  composite  flower.  6.  (mil.)  cap  to 
protect  the  touch-hole  of  a  gun.  7.  re- 
ceiver to  catch  the  oil  as  it  drips  from 
the  strainer  of  the  olives.  8.  caustic. 
9.  =  Capezzolo,  nipple.  10.  saw-handle. 

tCapitignoro  m.;- Capezzolo,  nipple. 
Capi  ti  no  m. ;  knob  of  a  flail  handle. 

Capito  part.  Capire;  often  used 
alone  for  /  understand. 


Capitolare  adj.  or  sb.;  i.  capitular, 
belonging  to  a  Cathedral  chapter; 
Vicario  — ,  vicar  elected  by  the  chapter 
when  the  See  is  vacant,  as  distinguished 
from  the  Vicar  general  chosen  by  the 


CAPITOLARMENTE— CAPOCOMICO 


123 


bishop ;  Lettera  — ,  letter  setting  out 
the  canons  of  the  council.  2.  in  pi., 
capitularies,  assemblage  of  statutes 
passed  by  an  assembly,  or  decreed  by 
a  king.  3.  the  tax  books  of  France 
under  the  early  kings.  4.  monk  at- 
tached to  a  Cathedral  chapter.  5.  (hist.) 
the  poll  tax  of  two  drachmae  levied  by 
Vespasian  from  the  Jews. 

6.  as  vb.,  to  capitulate  (originally,  to 
divide  a  document  under  different  heads, 
v.  Capitolo,  hence,  to  arrange  the  terms 
of  an  agreement,  to  surrender). 

Capitolarme'nte ;  by  decree  of  a 
Cathedral  chapter. 

Capitolato  m. ;  I.  terms  of  sur- 
render. 2.  (leg.)  v.  Posizione. 

Capitolazi6ne  /;  i.  capitulation. 
2.  arrangement  in  settlement  of  a  law- 
suit. 3.  in  pi.,  articles  under  which 
Swiss  mercenaries  bound  themselves  to 
some  foreign  states.  4.  in  modern 
times,  privileges  of  Europeans  in  certain 
Oriental  states. 

Capitoleggiare;  =  Capitolare,  to  capitulate. 

*  Capitolessa  /. ;  scherz.  for  Capitolu  (2). 
Capitolitto  m. ;  dim.  Capitolo. 
Capitolln-o;    i.    Capitolme;    Fasti  -i,   marble 

tablets  found  at  Rome  in  1547  containing  the  names 
of  the  Roman  consuls  from  250  to  765  A.U.C.  2.  as 
sb. ,  dim.  Capitolo. 

Capitolo  /«.  (L.  capitulum,  dim.  of 
caput);  i.  chapter  of  a  book,  etc. 

2.  poetical  composition  in  terza  rima. 

3.  Cathedral    chapter    or    chapter   of 
monks,  nuns,  or,  formerly,  knights,  to 
pass   regulations ;    hence   the    modern 
phrase  Avere  or  Non  avere  voce  in  — , 
to   have  a  voice,  or  no   voice,  in   the 
matter. 

*i.  Far  loro  — ,  to  accuse  themselves  of  their  own 
sins,     ii.  =  Capitello  (2). 

Capitoluccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Capitolo  (2). 

Capit6mbol-o  m.  (It.  capo,  tombo- 
lare);  i.  headlong  fall.  2.  a  dive  head 
first  into  water.  3.  =  Capitondolo. 

Aff.  -are  vb.t  -one  augm.,  -oni  adv. 

Capitdndolo  m.  (variant  of  Capitom- 
bolo) ;  summersault. 

Capitdne  m.  (L.  capita,  big  head, 
<  caput);  i.  a  species  of  eel.  2.  =Gobio, 
gudgeon.  3.  =  Cavedone,  carp.  4.  un- 
even, lumpy  silk  thread,  tin  pi.,  fire- 
dogs. 

*  Capitorna  / ;  ».  Capitozza. 
*Capitorzolo  m.  (It.  capo,  torto);  bigot, 
•Capitoso;  headstrong. 

Capit&zz-a/  (v.  Tozzo);  pollarded 
tree.  Aff.  -are. 

*  Capitudini  /.  pi. ;  the  consuls  of  the  seven  Arti 
maggiori  at  Florence. 

Capi-volgere,  -voltare;  v.  Capovolgere,  ecc. 
Capivolto  )n.\  iron  hoop. 

Cap-o  m.  (L.  caput);  \.  head,  either 
lit.  or  in  sense  of  leader.  As  food  the 
head  of  a  calf  or  sheep  is  Testa,  of  a 
pig,  Capo,  of  a  lamb,  Testicciola.  Of 
live  animals,  the  head  of  small  creatures, 
birds,  and  fishes,  is  Capo;  of  other 
animals,  Testa.  Marine  terms :  Sot- 
t'  ufficiale  —  carico,  warrant  officer  in 
charge  of  the  stores  of  his  department. 
—  carico  cannoniere,  gunner  in  charge 
of  the  gunnery  stores.  carico 


macchinista,  engine-room  storekeeper. 

—  carico  maestro  d'  ascia,  carpenter  in 
charge   of  the   carpentry   stores,     t — 
dettaglio,  =  —  carico.     —   cannoniere 
di  prima  classe,  chief  gunner.     Secondo 

—  cannoniere,   chief   gunner's    mate. 

—  albero,  captain  of  a  mast.     —  coffa, 
captain  of  a  top.     —  gabbiere,  leading 
seaman.     —   gamella,  caterer.     —  in- 
fenniere  di  prima  classe,  chief  warrant 
officer  of  the  medical  department.     Se- 
condo —  infermiere,  sick  berth  steward. 

—  macchinista    principale,    chief   en- 
gineer.    —  operaio,  leading  man.     — 
palmetta,  captain  of  the  head.   —  rancio, 
captain  of  a  mess.  —  seria  (t  —  gruppo), 
petty  officer  commanding  a  subdivision. 

—  servizio,   amministrativo,   or  Com- 
missario  —  squadra,  accountant  officer 
of  the  fleet.     —  voga,  stroke  oarsman. 

Secondary  senses :  2.  top  of  a 
mountain,  tree,  flight  of  stairs,  etc. 
—  di  banda,  (mar.)  (a)  gunwale,  of  a 
boat  or  ship;  (b)  head-rail,  covering- 
board  of  a  ship  ;  (c)  bulwark,  also  termed 
Murata  di  coperta,  v. Copertella.  3.  (hot.) 
(a)  bulb  of  certain  plants,  (b)  sprout  of 
a  vine,  esp.  one  left  when  pruning. 
4.  end ;  Cosa  fatta  —  ha,  what  is  done 
is  done ;  —  di  fune,  fixed  end  of  a  rope, 
the  free  end  is  Coda  ;  either  term  might 
be  used  of  the  ends  of  a  rope  lying 
loose.  5.  in//.,  pigs  of  iron  hammered 
out  into  a  sort  of  dumb-bell  shape. 
6.  item ;  Ho  comprato  alia  fiera  molti 
-i  di  roba,  I  bought  a  lot  of  different 
things  at  the  fair;  Essere  un  bel  — ,  to 
be  a  fine  piece,  fine  specimen  of  its 
class.  7.  (geogr.)  cape.  8.  leader  of 
an  expedition.  9.  convenient  oppor- 
tunity, v.  infra  (18). 

Phrases :  10.  A  — ,  or  In  —  al 
(giorno),  by  the  end  of  (the  day) ;  A  — 
al  mese  mette  insieme  parecchio,  he 
will  have  saved  something  by  the  end 
of  the  month,  n.  Aver  il  —  sopra  i 
capelli,  or  sopra  il  cappello,  not  to  have 
'  much  sense ;  Aver  il  —  a,  to  be  fond  of; 
Non  ha  il  —  a'  figliuoli,  he  does  not 
care  for  his  children ;  A^ler  il  —  con  se, 
to  have  good  sense.  12.  Da  — ,  from 
the  beginning,  again.  13.  —  d'  anno, 
New  Year's  day,  beginning  of  the  year. 

14.  Dare  al  — ,  of  wine,  oryf^.  of  praise, 
to  get  into  one's  head ;    Dare  sul  — , 
to    sell    for    anything    it    may    fetch. 

15.  -  -    ef   entrata,   separate   item    of 
revenue.     16.    —  d'  opera,  (a)=Capo- 
lavoro,   masterpiece ;    (b)  =  Capameno, 
quiz.     1 7.  Drappo,  or  Tela  a  un  — ,  or  a 
due  -i,  cloth  with  one  or  with  two  show- 
ends.     18.  Non  esser  — ,  to  be  incon- 
venient ;  Oggi  non  e  —  ch'  io  gli  parli, 

10  vedo  assai  turbato,  I  had  better  not 
speak  to  him  to-day,  1  see  he  is  much 
put  out.     19.  (a)  Far  —  a,  to  come  to 
an  end ;  Tutti  i  fiumi  fanno  —  al  mare, 
all  rivers  end  in  the  sea ;  (6)  Far  —  ad 
uno,  to  present  oneself  before  him  for 
the  purpose  of  asking  a  favour;  (c)  Far 

—  in  un  luogo,  to  arrive  there ;  (d)  Far 

11  — ,  or  Fare  il  —  grosso,  to  work  at 
a  thing  until  one  is  quite  stupid  ;  Potrei 


star  qui  fin'  a  domani :  tanto  ci  ho  fatto 
il  — ,  I  might  stop  over  this  all  day,  I 
have  worked  at  it  till  I  feel  quite  stupid. 
20.  Filo  a  uno,  due,  tre,  ecc.,  -i,  thread 
composed  of  one,  two,  three  or  more 
separate  fibres.  21.  In  — ,  -u.  supra  (io). 
22.  Aver  le  mani  in  —  ad  uno,  to  have 
the  mastery  over  him;  Tener  le  mani 
in  —  ad  uno,  to  protect  him.  23.  Mettere, 
or  Tenere  in  — ,  to  put  or  keep  one's 
hat  on,  cappello  being  understood. 

24.  —  per  — ;  Gli  ho  risposto  —  per 
— ,    I    answered   him   point  by  point ; 
Metti  tutto  al  suo  luogo,  —  per  — ,  put 
it  all  away,  each  thing  in  its  own  place. 

25.  —  piede,  upside  down.     26.  Tela  a 
un  — ,  ecc.,  v.  supra  (17).     27.  Tenere 
in   — ,  v.  supra  (23).     28.     Tra  —  e 
collo,  v.  Collo  (7). 

29.  (tot.)  (a)  —  bianco,  —  Bisnaga,  toothpick 
bishop-weed  ;  (6)  —  di  frate,  =  Dente  di  leone, 
dandelion ;  (c)  —  di  Medusa,  Euphorbia  caput 
Medusae;  (d)  —  rosso, —  Trifoglio  de'  prati,  purple 
clover  ;  (e)  —  tondo,  =  Cardo  pallottolino,  little  globe 
thistle;  (f)  —  di  scrpe,  =Piantaggine  lancifoglia, 
ribwort. 

*i.  Aver  il  —  verde,  to  be  a  bishop  or  cardinal, 
ii.  Dar  per  lo  —  di  becco,  di  ladro,  ecc.,  to  insult 
with  the  epithet  of  cad,  etc.  iii.  Esser  di  suo — ,  to 
be  of  his  way  of  thinking,  iv.  Esser  in  —  a  uno,  to 
surprise,  to  overtake  him.  v.  Far  — (  or  Far  — 
grosso,  ot di  guerra,  to  assemble  a  military  force. 

Capo  a  niscondere;  v.  Capanniscondersi. 

Capobanda  m. ;  pi.  capibanda ; 
i.  band-master.  2.  brigand  chief. 

Capobandfto  m. ;  pi.  capibanditi; 
brigand  chief. 

Capobianco  /«.;  (dot.)  small  hart-wort,  Tordy- 
liunt  ojficinale. 

Capobrigante  m.;  pi.  capibriganti;  i.q.  Capo- 
bandito. 

Capocaccia  m.;pl.  capicaccia;  head 
keeper. 

Capocarcertere  m. ;  pi.  capicar- 
cerieri ;  head  warder. 

Capocassa  m.;  pi.  capicassa;  chief 
cashier. 

Capbcchia  /  (var.  of  Capocchio) ; 
head  of  a  pin  or  nail. 

*i.  knob  of  a  club.     ii.  =  Capo,  head. 
Capocchietta  /.;  dim.  Capocchia. 
Capocchina  /. ;    dim.    Capocchia.     *  succory 
top  (as  salad). 

Capocchina  m.;  (tot.)  Trifolium  supinum. 

Capdcchio  m.  (bit.  **caputulus) ; 
blockhead. 

Capocchi6n-a  /;  i.  augm.  Ca- 
pocchia. 2.  fern.  augm.  of  Capocchio, 
silly  woman,  -e  m. ;  augm.  Capocchio. 

Capbccia  m. ;  pi.  capocci  or  ca- 
poccia,  both  forms  masculine  (mlt. 
caputium) ;  i.  head  of  a  peasant  house- 
hold. 2.  foreman.  3.  scherz.  head  of 
a  city  household.  *As  /,  housewife. 

'Capoccio  ;//. ;  -•.  Capoccia. 

*Capocciuto;  =  Caparbio,  obstinate. 

*  Capocenso  ;//.;  assessment. 

•Capocervo  m. ;  withers  of  a  horse. 

tCapochiatto  m. ;=Notidano,  gray  shark. 

•Capochino  m. ;  bowing  of  the  head. 

CapocintayT;  (mar.)  harping,  the  fore  part  of 
the  Cinta,  wale,  to  strengthen  tne  hull  where  it 
plunges  into  the  sea  in  pitching. 

Capo-cbco  or  -cu6co  m. ;  head  cook. 

Capocbffa  m. ;  (mar.)  captain  of  a  top. 

Capocdllo  in.;  a  preparation  of  the  head  and 
neck  of  a  pig. 

Capoc6mico  in. ;  pi.  capicomici ;  leading  come- 
dian. 

16— 3 


I24 


CAPOCONTRADA— CAPPA 


*  Capocon  trada  in. ;  =  Caporione. 
Capoconv6glio  m. ;  war-ship  escorting  a  con- 
voy. 

Capocoppiere  m. ;  chief  butler. 
*Capocorsale  m.;  pirate  captain. 
Capocr6ce  m.;—  Crocicchio,  cross-roads. 
Capoculare  ;  to  dress  a  skin,  from  head  to  tail. 
Capocuoco ;  v.  Capococo. 

Capodopera  m. ;  pi.  capidopera ; 
v.  Capo  (16). 

Capoe  ;«.;  cocoa  paste  for  making  chocolate. 

Capofabbrica  m. ;  pi.  capifabbrica ; 
manager  of  a  factory. 

Capofacchino  m. ;  foreman  porter. 

Capofamiglia  m. ;  pi.  capifamiglia ; 
head  of  a  family. 

Capoficconi;  v.  Capofitto. 

Capoffla  m. ;  pi.  capifila ;  I.  leading 
file.  2.  (mar.}  leading  vessel  of  a 
squadron. 

Capofitto;  A  — ,  head  downwards. 

*  Capofosso  ;  v.  Capifosso. 

Capofucina  ;//. ;  pi.  Capifucina;  master  smith. 

Capofudco  >«.;  =  Alare,  fire-dog. 

Capogatto  m. ;  i.  (vet.)  staggers.  2.  =  Mar- 
gotta. 

*Capo-girlo  or  -girolo  /«. ;  i.  =  Capogiro.  ii.  = 
Lero. 

Capogiro  m. ;  dizziness.    *whim. 

Capoguardia  m.;  head  of  rural 
police. 

Capolavbro  m. ;  i.q.  Capo  d'  opera, 
masterpiece. 

Capolepre  m.;  —  bicolore,  hare  globe-fish, 
Lagocephalus  Pennanti, 

Capoldtto  m. ;  hangings  between 
the  head  of  a  bed  and  the  wall. 

*i.  =  Parato,  tapestry,  generally,  ii.  (Dormire)in 
— ,  =  Da  capo. 

*Capo-levare  or  -lievare ;  to  throw  or  fall 
headlong. 

Capolino  w. ;  i .  dim.  Capo.  2.  dot 
on  an  i.  3.  Far  — ,  to  peep. 

Capolista  m.  ;  //.  capilista ;  first 
name  on  a  list. 

Capolubgo  m. ;  pi.  capiluoghi ;  chief 
town. 

Cappmaestro  or  Capomastro  in. ; 
pi.  capimaestri  or  capimastri ;  master 
builder. 

Capomandria  m.;  pi.  capimandrie ;  herdsman. 

Capomastro ;  *j.  Capomaestro. 

Capomazzo  tn.\  top  skin  in  a  bale. 
*Capomese  m  ;  first  day  of  the  month. 

Capomill6ne  tn. ;  (hot.)  a  species  of  chamomile, 
Anthtmis  altissima. 

Capomdrto  in.  ;  sediment  in  a  retort. 

Cap6n-ay;,  -accio  or  -accia  spreg.,  -aggine 
i.q.  -eria ;  v.  Capone  (2). 

Caponare  .ind.  capdno;  {mar.)  to  cat  (an 
anchor). 

Cap6ne  m. ;  i.  augin.  Capo,  esp.  in 
sense  of  tired  head,  v.  Capo  (19,  d}. 
2.  obstinate  person.  3.  =Zuccone,  stu- 
pid person.  4.  (mar.}  cat,  v.  Cappone  (8). 
5.  gurnard  ;  (a)  —  caviglia,  red  gurnard, 
Trigla  milvus,  locally  termed  Anzoletto, 
Caussano,  Orghe,  Caviglia,  Cappone 
vero,  comune,  o  liscio;  (b}  —  galhnella, 
tub  fish,  Trigla  corax,  locally  termed 
Lucerna,  Gallinetta,  Cappone  panari- 
colo,  Capomazzo ;  ((}  --  gorno,  gray 
gurnard,  Trigla  gurnardus,  locally 
termed  Angioletto,  Anzoleto,  Grugnas, 
Tizieza;  (d}  —  imperiale,  (a)  common 
or  cuckoo  gurnard,  Trigla  cuculus. 


locally  termed  Gallinella  imperiale, 
Cuccu,  Anzoletto;  +(/3)  v.  Corifena; 
(e)  —  organo,  sea  hen,  Trigla  lyra, 
locally  termed  Angioletto,  Turchello, 
Organo,  Gallina,  Cappone  coccio, 
Cuoccio,  Furcata;  (/)  -  -  ubbriaco, 
streaked  gurnard,  Trigla  lineala,  locally 
termed  Muso  duro,  Imbriago,  Ubbria- 
gon,  Belugan,  Corri-corri  o  Ubbriaco, 
Cappone  corre-corre,  Pesce  papa. 

ti.  (tnar.)f;  Boz/a  di  capone,  cathead  stopper, 
ii.  —  di  palude,  marsh  harrier,  V.  Falco  (6).  iii.  — 
selvatico,  =  Tarabuso,  bittern. 

Capon6r-a/;   i.=Cinciallegra,  tit. 

2.  --  d'   edera,  =  Capinera,   blackcap. 

3.  —    gentile,  =  Occhio-rosso,    white- 
throat.     4.    frame  of  a  gondola  cover. 

^(tttar.)  i.  hen-coop,     ii.    in  //.,   -e  per  i  sacchi 
dell'  equipaggio,  bag-racks. 
Caponeria/!;  obstinacy. 
Caponiera ;  v.  Capponiera. 
Capopagina    in. ;  pi.  capipagina;    ornamenta- 
tion at  the  top  of  a  page. 

Capopalmetta  ;;/.  ;  seaman  charged  with 
cleaning  the  Palmetta,  ship's  head. 

fCapopiatto  in.  ;  =  Notidano,  gray  shark. 

Capopiede;  upside  down.  As  sb., 
great  blunder. 

Capopurgio  ;«.;  pi.  capipurgi ;  medicine  for 
the  na-sal  passages. 

*Capoquattro  HI.  ;  rear-guard. 

Caporala  /  ;  housekeeper  in  a  hos- 
pital or  public  office. 

Caporal-accio  in. ;  pegg.  of-e. 
C a poralat o  m. ;  rank  of  corporal. 

Caporale  m.  (prob.  a  corruption  of 
corporalis  under  the  influence  of  Capo); 
i.  corporal.  2.  Tabacco  — ,  shag. 

*i.  principal,  director,     ii.  general. 

Caporal-etto  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -uccio 
spreg.  t  of  -e. 

*Caporano  m. ;  master,  head. 

Caporeci ;  A  — ,  in  the  attitude  of  retching. 

Capori6n-e  HI.,  -&f.  (originally  head 
of  a  Rione,  or  region,  in  ancient  Rome); 
ringleader. 

Caporonda  m. ;  pi.  capironda;  con- 
ductor of  a  patrol. 

Capor6sso ;  v.  Capirosso. 
*  Caporotto  m. ',  whimsical  person. 

Caporovescio ;  head  downwards. 

*Caportolano  m. ;  head  gardener. 

Caposaldo  m. ;  i.  peg  placed  in  the 
ground  to  indicate  the  level  to  which  it 
is  to  be  raised  or  lowered.  2.  Mettere 
un  — ,  to  put  a  dated  receipt  on  an 
account.  3.  fig.  to  settle  a  dispute. 

Caposcala  m.,  pi.  capiscala,  top  of 
a  staircase. 

Caposcudla  or  Capisc61a  m.\  pi. 
capiscola ;  founder  of  a  school  of  thought, 
or  of  art. 

Caposesto  m.;  (mar.}  foremost  frame 
of  a  ship. 

Caposetta  m.;  pi.  capisetta;  head 
of  a  sect. 

Caposettario  m. ;  pi.  capisettari ; 
i.q.  Caposetta. 

•Caposoldo  m.\  extra  pay. 

Caposquadra  m. ;  pi.  capisquadra ; 
leader  of  a  squad  of  workmen,  police,  etc. 

Caposquadrdne  m. ;  commander  of 
a  cavalry  squadron. 


Capostanza  m. ;  senior  of  a  set  of 
officials  who  are  in  the  same  room. 

Capostazione  m. ;  pi.  capistazione ; 
station-master. 

Capostiva  m. ;  //.  capistiva;  (mar.)  captain 
of  the  hold. 

*Capostorno  m.\  —  Capogatto,  staggers. 

Capostrada  m.\  top  of  the  street. 

Capostr6gone  m. ;  //.  capistregoni ;  scherz. 
sorcerer  in  chief. 

Capotamburo  tn. ;  pi.  capotamburi  or  capi- 
tamburi ;  drum-major. 

Capotasto  tn. ;  pi.  capitasti ;  saddle  of  a  violin, 
a  small  piece  of  ebony  or  ivory  at  the  end  of  the 
finger-board  with  little  notches  for  the  strings.  In 
conjunction  with  the  bridge  it  determines  the  length 
of  the  vibrating  string. 

Capotavola  m. ;  head  of  the  table,  or  person 
who  sits  there. 

Capotimoniere  m. ;  (mar.)  warrant  officer  in 
charge  of  the  navigating  stores. 

C apot 6ndo  HI.  ;  a  species  of  dog-fish. 

Capotirto  m.  ;  =  Torcicollo,  wryneck. 

Capotruppa  m.;  pi.  capitruppa;  i.  leader  of  a 
troop.  2.  ringleader. 

tCapoun  ;  v.  Pesce  cappone,  sub  Cappone  (4). 

Capovaccaio  m.',  Egyptian  vulture,  Neophron 
percnopterus,  also  termed  Avvoltoio  aquilino  or 
bianco,  Vaccaia  bigia  or  scura. 

Capovferso  m. ;  pi.  capiversi;  I.  be- 
ginning of  a  verse,  or  in  prose,  beginning 
of  a  paragraph.  2.  paragraph. 

Capovilla  m. ;  pi.  capivilla ;  leading 
man  in  a  village. 

Capoyblgere    or    Capivolgere;    to 

turn  upside  down. 

Capovoltare  or  Capivoltare;  i.q. 
Capovolgere. 

Capovdto  m. ;  i.=Faloppa,  empty 
cocoon.  2.  =  Scemo,  fool. 

*  Capozucca  in.;  great  fool. 

Cappa  /  (bit.  capa<L.  capio,  as 
being  an  enveloping  thing,  cp.  Fr. 
capable];  i.  cloak,  cover,  hood;  Sotto 
la  —  del  cielo,  i.e.  in  this  world.  2.  - 
magna,  Cardinal's,  or  other  state  robe. 
Prov.  Per  un  punto  Martino  perse  la  — , 
said  of  a  person  who  by  a  small  mistake 
loses  his  chance;  the  story  is  that  a 
certain  Friar  Martin,  who  was  likely  to 
be  made  prior  of  his  monastery,  having 
to  write  up  over  the  gate  the  motto, 
Porla  patens  esto,  nulli  claudatur 
honesto,  wrote  up  instead,  Porta  patens 
esto  nulli,  claudatur  honesto,  and  the 
transposition  of  the  comma  lost  him 
the  appointment.  3.  —  del  cammino, 
hood  over  the  fire  in  a  large  old- 
fashioned  fireplace.  4.  scherz.  nose. 
5.  little  pyramid  of  four  nuts  or  walnuts 
for  boys  playing  at  Nociolino  or  Nocino, 
viz.  by  throwing  a  Bocco,  another  nut, 
at  the  heap;  the  heap  is  also  termed 
Capannella,  or  if  made  of  three  nuts, 
one  balanced  upon  the  other  two,  Gal- 
letto.  6.  (mar.}  Alia  — ,  lying  to,  in  a 
storm,  v.  Cappeggiare.  7.  -  -  della 
bussola,  the  little  cavity  in  the  centre  of 
a  magnetic  needle  which  rests  on  the 
pivot  about  which  the  needle  swings. 
8.  (mar.}  Randa  di  — ,  storm  trysail ; 
Vele  di  — ,  storm  sails.  9.  Diritto  di 
— ,  "hat  money,"  v.  Primaggio. 

*i.  Uomo  di  spada  e  di  — ,  layman,  ii.  Uomo 
piu  di  —  che  di  spada,  i.e.  peaceable,  iii.  Cavarne 
—  e  mantello,  i.e.  to  come  to  a  conclusion,  iv.  Non 
farsi  stracciar  la  — ,  /.*•-  to  yield  easily,  v.  Rivoltar 
la  — ,  in  politics,  to  turn  one's  coat.  vi.  —  di  cielo, 
light  blue  cloth,  vii.  —  di  frati,  a  colour,  perhaps 


CAPPA— CAPPUCCINO 


125 


dust  colour  (Benv.  Cellini,  Ore/.  34).    tviii.  —  nera, 
=  Corvina  locca,  black  umber  fish. 
Cappa  m. ;  the  letter  K. 
Cappaccia./;  pegg.  Cappa. 
Cappacismo  in. ;  profusion  ofk's. 
Cappamagnayi;  state  robe,  v.  Cappa  (2). 
Cappapelley:;  cloak  lined  with  fur. 
*Cappare  (Capare)  (etym.  dub.)',   i.    to  choose. 
11.   to  hit. 

Capparelli  m.;  (tat.)  everlasting,  Gnaphalium 
orientate. 

Cappasasso  in. ;  =  Cappatore. 
*Cappata/;  choice. 
•Cappato  (A);  choice.     (B);  cloaked. 
Cappatdre  in. ;  in  alum  works,  sorter. 
Cappeggiare  ;  =  Essere  alia  Cappa,  to  lie  to  in 
a  storm. 

•Cappei;  //.  of  Cappello,  hat. 

Cappella/  (A)  (Fr.  chapelle  <  bit. 
capella,  dim.  of  capa,  cloak,  v.  Cappa, 
the  original  meaning  having  been  that 
of  the  shrine  where  St  Martin's  cloak, 
cappella,  was  kept  as  a  relic) ;  i.  chapel; 
Mettere,  Stare  in  — ,  i.e.  in  the  prison 
chapel  as  a  preliminary  to  execution ; 
hence  fig.  to  be  in  a  very  bad  way. 

2.  —   ardente,    Fr.    chapelle    ardente, 
room   where  the   body  of  a  deceased 
personage   lies   in   state   with   burning 
candles  all  round.     3.  —  gentilizia,  side- 
chapel  in  a  church  belonging  to  a  par- 
ticular family.    4.  chaplaincy.    5.  choir. 
6.  Perdere  la  —  e  il  benefizio,  to  lose 
all  (by  one's  own  heedlessness).     7.  — 
corale,  foundation  the  revenues  of  which 
provide  payment  for  a  choir.    8.  (melon.) 
choral  service. 

(B)  (dim.  Cappa);  i.  the  top  part 
of  a  mushroom.  2.  head  of  a  nail. 

3.  lady's  hat. 

*  i.  gallery  for  the  choir,    ii.  =  Pavoncella,  peacock. 

Cappellaccia/;  crested  lark,  A lauda cristata, 

also  termed  Cappellata,  Lodolacappellutatfrcrestata. 

Cappellacc-io  m.;  i.pegg.  Cappello. 
2.  in  spinning  a  top ;  Far  — ,  when  it 
falls,  instead  of  spinning.  3.  Prendere 
certi  -i,  to  lose  one's  temper.  4.  person 
with  a  bad  hat.  5.  in  pl.,  =  Bardana 
maggiore,  burdock. 

*i.  fig.  as  excl.,  meaning,  Let  us  begin  again, 
ii.  bad  man.  iii.  tree  covered  with  vines,  iv.  vine 
trained  on  a  tree  and  not  pruned,  v.  scolding. 
vi.  Cavare  un  —  a  uno,  to  invent  something  to  his 
discredit,  vii.  (in  quarrying  for  aluminous  rock) 
worthless  stone. 

Cappellai-o  >«.,  -a  /;  i.  hatter. 
2.  in  hawking,  person  who  managed 
the  hawk's  hood.  3.  a  game  of  forfeits. 

Cappellan-ale  adj.,  -ato  m.  or  -la/; 
chaplaincy,  v.  -o. 

Cappellano  m. ;  i.  chaplain,  orig. 
priest  who  had  charge  of  the  cope  of 
St  Martin  in  time  of  peace  and  bore  it 
as  a  protecting  banner  in  war.  2.  in 
Florence,  the  citizen  charged  with  the 
cleanliness  of  the  streets  and  with  a 
duty  of  denouncing  crimes.  3.  popular 
name  for  one  or  two  species  of  fish 
of  the  salmon  or  cod  kind. 

Cappellanuccio  ///.  ;  dim.  spreg. 
Cappellano. 

Cappellata  / ;  i .  blow  with,  or  on 
a  hat.  2.  hatfull. 

Cappelleria  / ;  hat-shop. 
Cappelle"tta/ ;  dim.  Cappella. 

Cappellett-O  m.;  I.  dim.  Cappello. 
2.  covering  piece  of  waxed  cloth  at  the 


top  of  an  umbrella.  3.  toe-cap  of 
stockings.  4.  in  pi.,  paste  stuffed  with 
minced  chicken,  for  soup.  5.  a  kind  of 
helmet,  or  Venetian  cavalryman  wearing 
it.  6.  as  a  boys'  game,  coins  having 
been  shaken  up  and  covered  with  a  hat 
a  guess  is  made  whether  there  are  more 
heads  or  more  tails.  7.  cover  for  a 
retort.  8.  (bootm.)  piece  of  leather 
which  carries  the  upper.  9.  (vet.) 
tumour  in  a  horse's  hock.  10.  (med.) 
guard  for  a  cracked  nipple,  ii.  spout 
of  terra  cotta  for  water.  1 2.  bucket  of 
a  water-wheel.  13.  -i  di  garofani,  cloves, 
//'/.  nail-heads  of  cloves.  14.  —  ful- 
minante,  percussion  cap. 

*i.  =  Pergamena.  ii.  turban,  or  its  top-knot, 
iii.  =  Capocchia,  head  of  a  nail.  iv.  a  species  of 
hawk.  TV.  Metter  un  — ,  to  make  an  addition  to  a 
story. 

Cappelliera  / ;  hat-box. 

Cappellfna  /  (A) ;  dim.  Cappella, 
shrine.  (B)  dim.  Cappella  (B,  3),  small 
straw  hat  worn  by  ladies  at  a  masque- 
rade. 

*  i.  cap,  or  night-cap,  ii.  =  Cappuccio,  hood  ; 
Racconciare  a  uno  la  —  in  capo,  i.e.  to  set  his  ideas 
straight,  iii.  =Cappelletto  (5),  helmet;  Fante  della 
— ,  cunning  knave,  iv.  =Cappelletto  (ii). 

Cappellinaio  >«.;  hat-stand. 

Cappellino  m. ;  dim.  Cappello. 

Cappello  m.  (dim.  of  Cappa,  from 
the  use  of  a  cloak  as  a  covering  for  the 
head) ;  i.  hat.  2.  (mar.}  cover,  e.g. 
over  a  bearing,  "keep."  3.  head  of  a 
nail.  4.  top  of  a  fungus,  pileus.  5.  top 
of  a  retort.  6.  head  of  a  fermenting 
liquid.  7.  introductory  paragraph  by 
an  editor  of  a  newspaper  prefacing  an 
article  by  a  contributor. 

Phrases :  8.  —  a  tre  acque,  v.  Acqua 
(10).  9.  Amico  di  — ,  bowing  acquaint- 
ance. 10.  Roba  da  levarglisi  il  — ,  or 
da  farglisi  di  — ,  i.e.' first-class.  1 1.  Far 
di  — ,  =  Levarsi  il  — ,  to  take  off  one's 
hat;  Far  —  ,  =  Capovolgersi,  to  capsize. 
12.  Pigliare,  or  Prendere  il  — ,  i.e.  to 
lose  one's  temper.  13.  Portare  il  — 
alto,  i.e.  to  have  nothing  to  blush  for. 

Cappelldne  m. ;  \.  augm.  Cappello. 
2.  scherz.  in  pi.,  the  police.  3.  augm. 
Cappella.  4.  in  pi.,  (bot.)  navelwort, 
Cotyledon  umbilicus. 

t  Cappellora ;  irrtg.  fl.  of  Cappello. 

Cappell-6tto  or  -6zzo  m. ;  i.  per- 
cussion cap,  also  termed  Cassula. 

2.  paste  for  soup,  resembling  Agnellotti. 

3.  large-headed  nail. 

Cappellucciay:;  i.  dim.  Cappella.  2.  revenue 
of  a  chaplaincy. 

Cappell-ucciaccio/fc^-.  spreg.,  -ucziosfrtf., 
of  -o. 

*Cappelluta/;  =  Cappellaccia,  crested  lark. 
*  Cappelluto  ;  crested  (bird,  or  snake). 
Cappelluzzay:;  =  Cappelluccia  (i). 
Cappereto  m.  •  ground  planted  with  capers. 
Capperetto  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Cappero. 

Capperi!  excl.  gracious!  with  vari- 
ants Cappita,  Caspita  and  dims,  of 
these. 

Cappero  m.  (Pers.  cabar,  through 
L.  and  Gr.  Kairnapis) ;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  caper, 
Capparis  spinosa;  (b)  —  falso,  Syrian 
beancaper,  Zygpphyllum  fabago,  also 
termed  Favaggine.  2.  scherz.  musical 
notes,  from  their  shape. 


•Capperone  m.  (augm.  Cappa  with  an  adven- 
titious R,  cp.  Acquerugiola) ;  large  waggoner's  cap. 
*Capperottata./;  meat  with  pickled  capers. 
•Capperuccia  /   (It.    cappa,    v.    Capperone); 
i._  =  Cappuccio,    hood.      it.    sorry    kind    of    cloak, 
iii.  Andare  una  cosa  in  — ,  to  pass  without  examina- 
tion,   iv.    Mandare  una  cosa  in  — ,  to  speak  of  it 
secretly,     v.   (anat.)  the  trapezius  muscle. 
•Capperuccio  m.;  =  Cappuccio,  hood. 

Capp-ctta  dim.,  -ettlna  sub-dim,  of -a. 
*Cappia/T;  horse-shoe. 
Cappi-ettino  sub-dim.,  -etto  dim.  of -o. 
Cappin-ayC,  *-o  m.,  dim.  Cappa. 

Cappio  m.  (bit.  capulum  <  L.  capio, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Capacious);  i.  slip-knot. 

2.  =Fiocco,  tassel.     3.  as  excl.,  hang  it! 
*  =  Capestro. 

Cappiottare  ;=Cazzottare. 

Cappit-a,  -eritta,  -erina;  variants  of  Cap- 
peri. 

•Capp-itina,    -izzi,    t-odeddua;    variants  of 
Capperi. 

Capponaccio  m. ;  i.  pegg.  Cappone.  2.  =Tara- 
buso,  heron,  Ardea  steilaris. 

Capponaia/ ;  fatting  coop. 

Capponare  ind.  capp6no;  i.  to  ca- 
ponise  (a  fowl).  2.  (mar.)  to  cat,  v. 
Cappone  (8). 

Capponata  /.  ;  =  Scapponata,  food  made  from 
capons. 

Capponatura/;;  =  Accapponatura,  castration. 

Cappon-cello,  -cetto  dims.,  -cino  dim.vezz 
of-e. 

Capp6n-e  m.  (L.  capo  =  Gr.  icdirtov, 
root  sqap,  to  cut,  to  hack,  cp.  Lith. 
skapoti,  to  slice,  Gr.  oxon-rca,  to  grub 
out,  a-Kaneros  or  KaVfTos,  trench,  v. 
Walde,  sub  Capo) ;  i.  capon;  Minestra 
sul  — ,  chicken  broth.  2.  as  hist,  allu- 
sion; La  voce  d'  un  cappon  fra  tanti 
galli,  i.e.  of  Pier  Capponi  when  Florence 
was  threatened  by  the  French  king. 

3.  Far  venir  la  pelle  di  — ,  to  produce 
a  cold  shiver,  v.  Accapponare.   4.  Pesce 
— ,  hog-fish,  Scorpoena  scrofa,  v.  Scor- 
pena.     5.  Fagioli  -i,  a  variety  of  white 
beans.     6.  —  di  galera,  a  kind  of  dry 
pickle.     7.  scherz.  Farsi  — ,  i.e.  to  take 
to   music   as   a   profession.     8.    (mar.) 
=  Capone,  cat,  tackle   for   raising   the 
anchor    to    the    cat-head.      9.       -    di 
macchia,  rose-hip.      10.    —  di  palude, 
heron,  v.  Capponaccio  (2). 

•Capponiera  or  Caponiera/;  (mil.)  trench. 
Capponuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Cappone. 

Capp6tta  /.;  i.  mantle,  woollen 
cap,  or  woman's  hat.  2.  straw  shape 
for  a  lady's  hat. 

Cappottaccio  m.;  pegg.  Cappotto. 
Cappottfnay:;  dim.  Cappotta. 

Capp6tto  m.\  i.  man's  cloak.  2.  at 
cards,  capot,  winning  all  the  tricks; 
—  dichiarato,  when  a  player  declares  to 
win  a  capot.  3.  gag  for  a  vicious  horse. 

Cappottuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Cappotto. 
*  Cappucci !  =Capperi. 

Cappuccina  f. ;  i.  Capuchin  nun.  2.  Insa- 
lata  — ,  v.  Cappuccino  (6).  3.  (ornith.)  marsh 
harrier,  Circus  atruginosus.  4.  Capuchin  monkey, 
Cebus  capitcinus. 

Cappuccfn-o  m.  (It.  cappuccio) ; 
I.  Capuchin  monk.  2.  in  pi.,  I  -i,  the 
monastic  buildings.  3.  Son  — ,  as  a 
mode  of  refusing  a  loan,  pretending 
poverty.  4.  a  boys'  game.  5.  figure 
in  a  weather  glass.  6.  Barba  di  -i, 
(a)  salad  of  many  small  herbs,  (b)  paste 
cut  up  small  for  putting  into  soup. 

7.  Fior  — ,  nasturtium,  v.  Fiore  (16,  vii). 

8.  (mar.)  11.  Bracciolo  (5). 


126 


CAPPUCCIO— CARAMELLARE 


Cappiiccio  m.  (dim.  Cappa) ;  I.  hood 
of  a  cloak.  Prov.  —  e  cotta  sempre 
borbotta,  i.e.  monks  and  priests  always 
quarrel.  2.  (bot.)  enlarged  head  of  a 
stamen  covering  the  ovary.  3.  as  adj.) 
of  cabbage,  or  lettuce,  making  a  large 
head.  4.  (hot.)  (a)  Fior  — ,  larkspur, 
z/.  Erba  (36);  (b)  Fior  —  di  campo, 
wild  larkspur,  v.  Sperone ;  (c)  Fior 
-  scempio,  Venus's  looking-glass,  v. 
Specchio  (6). 

*i.  —  a  gote,  hood  for  covering  the  cheeks, 
ii.  Netlati  il  — ,  clean  your  own  hood,  said  to  one 
who  finds  fault  with  others,  iii.  Onor  di  — ,  a  bow, 
salute,  iv.  friar,  or  profession  of  a  friar,  v.  head, 
vi.  =  Cercine,  porter's  knot.  vii.  popular  partisan 
towards  the  close  of  the  Florentine  republic,  viii.  — 
di  Fuligno,  =  Forca.  ix.  Tirarsi  il  —  sugli  occht,  to 
throw  off  all  disguise,  ///.  to  draw  the  hood  up  off 
the  eyes. 

Capr-a/;  i.  she-goat  or  goat  skin. 
Prov.  Salvar  la  —  e  i  cavoli,  />.  to 
avoid  both  of  two  opposite  dangers; 
Andar  dove  le  -e  non  cozzano,  i.e.  to 
prison;  Aver  mangiato  fegato  di  — , 
i.e.  to  be  unable  to  keep  a  secret. 
2.  trestle ;  —  del  baroccio,  trestle  to 
support  the  shafts  of  a  cart  when 
standing  empty.  3.  three-legged  hoisting 
tackle  for  raising  heavy  weights,  gin. 
4.  triangle  for  tying  up  a  culprit  to  be 
flogged ;  Dare  la  — ,  to  tie  up  for 
punishment.  5.  stand  used  by  women 
for  embroidery  work.  6.  a  kind  of 
three-legged  anvil. 

*  i.    Gli   facevano  cavalcare  la  —  delle  maggiori 
sciocchezze  del  mondo,  they  made  him  believe  the 
most   utter   nonsense ;    Mi   pare   che   ser    Barnabu, 
disputando  con  Ambrugiolo  cavalcasse  la  —  inverse 
il  chino,,..that  Barnabo  was  in  the  wrong  hox,  ///. 
was  riding  a  goat  down  hill  (Boccaccio),     ii.   Prov. 
Vassi  —  zpppa  se  lupo  non  1'  intoppa,  i.e.  wickedness 
prospers  till  punishment  overtakes  it.    iii.  Si  mettera 
quel  vestito  per  le  -e  giovane,  i.e.  for  a  feast-day, 
iv.   Mostrnr  di  non  aver  le  -e,  i.e.  to  pretend  to  know 
nothing  about  it.     v.  =  Cavalletto,  strut  of  a  roof, 
vi.    —  saltante,  meteorite. 

*Caprabecco  /«.;  goat. 

Capraggine  f. ;  (bot.)  goat's  rue,  Galega 
ojficinalis. 

Caprai-o  m.y  -a  / ;  goatherd. 
Caprare'ccia  /  ;  pen  for  goats. 

Caprata/  ;  dam  made  with  timbers 
fixed  like  trestles,  v.  Capra  (2). 

Caprea/.;  =  Capriolo,  roe. 

*  Capreolo    m.    (L.    capreolus^    dim.    of  caffr, 
goat ;  capreolus  by  metonymy  was  used  for  things 
resembling    goats'    horns  j    its    primary   sense,   roe- 
buck, occurs  in  Italian  with  the  spelling  Capriolo); 
i.     tendril.       ii.     two-pronged     fork     for    digging, 
iii.    (arch.)  =  Cartoccio,  foliage  of  a  capital. 

*Capresto  m. ;  v.  Capestro. 

Capritta/;  i.  dim.  Capra.  2.  Carta  — ,  a 
kind  of  parchment.  3.  a  compositor's  instrument. 

Caprettato;  speckled  with  black. 

Caprett-(no  sub-dim. ,  -o  dim.,  of  Capro,  kid. 
*Caprezzo  w.;  =  Raccapriccio,  shuddering. 

Capria/  ;  (mar.}  shears,  also  termed 
Biga,  q.v. 

*Capriatto  m. ;-  Capriolo,  roebuck. 

Capricc-£tto  dim.  vezz.,  -iaccio  pegg.  of-io. 
*Capricciare;  =  Raccapricciare,  to  shudder. 

CapricciOiW.  (prob.  contracted  from 
It.  capo,  riccio) ;  caprice,  whim.  *  =  Ri- 
brezzo,  shiver. 

Aff.  Capriccios-accio  pegg.)  -ame'nte,  -fello  or 
-£tto  dim.  z'fze.,  -ino  dim.  or  dim.  vezz.t  -ita,  -o 
capricious. 

Capricciuccio  ;«.;  pegg.  Capriccio. 

Capricdrno  in.;  the  Zodiacal  sign. 

Caprificare  ;  to  cross  a  fig  with  the  wild  fig  by 
hanging  the  fruit  of  the  wild  hg  upon  the  branches 
of  a  rig,  that  cross-fertilisation  by  insects  may  occur. 

Caprifico  »/.;  wild  fig,  CaprificMS. 


Capriffcglio  m.\  (hot.}  I.  honeysuckle, 
Lonicera  periclymenum,  also  termed 
Madreselva,  Vincibosco,  Abbraccia- 
boschi.  2.  —  dei  giardini,  garden 
honeysuckle,  Lonicera  caprifolium. 

3.  --   delle  macchie,   fly  honeysuckle, 
Lonicera  xylosteum.     4.  —  alpino,  Al- 
pine honeysuckle,  Lonicera  alpigena. 

Caprigno;  v.  Caprino. 
"Caprile  m.\  goat-stall. 
Caprimulgo  m.\=  Nottolone,  goat-sucker. 
CaprinayT;  dim.  Capra. 

CaprinellayC;  (bot.)  i.  =  Piombaggine,  Plum- 
bago Europaea.  2.  =Dente  canino,  couch  grass. 

Caprino  ;  i.  goat-like.  As  sb.  : 
2.  smell  of  a  goat.  3.  goat's  dung. 

4.  dim.  vezz.  Capro,  kid. 

Capribla/;  i.  roe  deer.  2.  boys 
turning  a  wheel,  turning  a  summersault 
sideways,  or  the  turning  of  a  child  by 
an  adult  heels  over  head.  3.  =Capi- 
tombolo,  headlong  fall,  in  fig.  sense  as 
of  a  Ministry.  4.  capriole  of  a  horse. 

5.  awkward  caper  of  a  bad  dancer,  or 
scherz.  caper  of  a  good  dancer.    6.  (bot.) 
(a)  dog's  tooth  grass,  Panicum  dactylon, 
also  termed  Gramigna  comune  ;  (b)  — 
sanguinale,  crab  grass,  Panicum  san~ 
guinale. 

Capriolato;  (heraki.)  blazoned  with  chevrons. 
—  riverso,  when  the  chevrons  are  pointing  down 
towards  the  point  of  the  shield. 

Caprioletto  m.\  young  roebuck. 

Capriole  or  Cabriole  «/.;  the  outside  seats  of 
the  old  stage  coaches. 

Capriotettay:;  dim.  iron.  Capriola  (3). 

Caprioletto  m.\  i.  dim.  Capriolo.  2.  (herald.) 
chevronel. 

Capriblo  m.  ;  i  .  roebuck,  Cervus 
capreolus.  2.  =  Tralcio,  vine-shoot.  3. 
(herald.}  chevron,  an  honorable  ordinary 
consisting  of  a  reversed  A  like  a  pair  of 
the  rafters  of  a  house. 

Etym.      I.,    captains,    dim.    of  cafter,    goat, 
applied  to  express  other  things,  such  as  a  pair  of 
rafters,  from  a  sort  of  resemblance  io  goats'  horns. 
Capripede;  with  goats'  feet. 
Caprisco  m.\  —  aspro,  a  fish  of  the  John  Dory 
enus,  Zeus  (tfer,  locally  known  as  Stivale,  Lucerna, 
esce  pavotto,  Verrat,  Riondo. 

*  Caprjzzante  ;  (rued.)  bounding  (pulse). 

*  Caprizzare  ;  to  sing  dancingly. 

Capro  m.  (L.  caper)  ;  goat.  *  roe- 
buck. 

Capr6n-e  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Capro.  2.  fig.  man 
with  a  long  unkempt  beard.  *a  kind  of  whitewash. 
Aff.  -accio  P*gg.  ,  -cino  dim. 

Caprugginare;  to  notch  (staves). 

Caprugginat6io  m.\  croze,  a  cooper's  tool  for 
making  chimb-notches. 

Capruggine  f.  (for  Caperuggine  <  L.  capero% 
to  wrinkle)  ;  notch  in  a  stave  for  fixing  the  bottom 
of  a  cask,  chimb-notch. 

Caprume  m.  ;  quantity  of  goat-skins. 

Capsula  or  Cassula  f.  (L.  capsuta,  dim.  of 
ca^sa,  <  capio)\  i.  capsule.  2.  —  da  fucile,  =  Cap- 
pellotto,  percussion-cap.  3.  (chem.)  evaporating 
saucer. 

*Captare;  i.  to  win.    ii.  to  beguile. 

Captazibne  f.  ;  illegitimate  influence  on  a 
testator. 

Capucciaccio  m.\  pfgg.  Capuccio. 

Capuccio  m.  ;  Ptgg.  Capo,  queer-  tempered 
person. 

*Capula_/T;  bowl  for  carrying  oil. 

*Capzioso,  Captioso,  or  Cazioso;  fraudulent. 

Cara  f.  ;    (A)  (bot.)  feather   beds,  an   aquatic 
cryptogam,  Chara  vulgaris,  also  termed  Foladina, 
Piacere  d'  acqua,   Erba  cenernia,  Putera. 
*(B)(Gr.  Kapa);  figure,  aspect. 

Carabattole  /  pi.  (L.  grabatulus^ 
little  bed)  ;  Pigliar  le  —  ,  to  pack  up 
one's  traps  and  be  off. 

•Carabazzata/;  a  kind  of  Cibreo,  q.v. 
Carabe  f.  (Arabic  word);  yellow  amber. 


ge 
P 


Carabina/;  i.  carbine.  2.  marks- 
man ;  Una  buona  — ,  a  good  shot. 

Etym.  Fr.  carabtn,  light  cavalry  soldier ;  a 
word  of  which  two  etymologies  have  been  sug- 
gested, (i)  According  io  Diez,  it  is  <  Proven^. 
calabres,  a  word  for  engine  of  war,  the  names  of 
arms  passing  readily  from  one  kind  to  another. 
(2)  According  to  Du  Cange,  calabrinus  meaning 
Calabrian  produced  Calabrins,  which  by  an  easy 
alteration  became  cnrabins,  so  called  because  this 
kind  of  cavalry  first  came  from  Calabria.  This  last 
derivation  seems  the  more  probable ;  v.  Littre1,  sub 
Carabin.  The  Provenc.,  calabres  is  said  to  be  a 
corruption  of  mlt.  cfiadabuUK^^ji '.  jcarodoAtj,  throw- 
ing down. 

Carabiniere  m. ;  carbineer ;  the  word 
is  now  used  chiefly  of  the  police. 

*  Carabine  m.\  light  cavalryman. 
Carabottmo  /«.;  (inar.)=  Grata,  grating. 
Caracal  m. ;  a  species  of  lynx,  Lynx  caracul. 
Caracalla  f.\    i.    long  ancient  Roman  tunic. 

2.    dressing-gown.     3.    (bot.)  v.   Caraco  (3). 

Caracara  ;//. ;  native  name  for  American  vulture. 

*  Caracca  f.  (Arabic  word)  ;  large  ship,  carrack. 
Caracca  m.\  cocoa  from  the  Caracca  coast. 
Caracc£sco ;  in  the  style  of  the  painter  Caracci. 
Caraccio;  Pegg.  Caro. 

Caraccdne  ;«. ;  augm,  Caracca. 

Carace  m.\  a  species  of  bream,  Cfutraxt  locally 
termed  Spizzo  bastardo,  Sargo  d'  I  stria,  Mourre 
agut,  Saragu  pizzudo. 

Caracee  /  pi. ;  v.  Cara  (A). 

Caracia,/;  (bot.)  wood  spurge,  v.  Erba  (67). 

Caracdor  Caracbllo  »/.;  (bot.)  i.  red  American 
acacia,  Robinia  hispida,.  2.  moon  trefoil  or  tree 
trefoil,  Medicago  arborea,  a  pretty  shrub  with 
yellow  flowers.  3.  caracol,  a  species  of  bean  with 
showy  and  sweet-scented  flowers,  Phnseolus  cara- 
calla. 

Caracollare  ;  to  caracole. 

Etym.      Three    derivations    are    suggested :  — 

(1)  Arabic    karkara,    to    turn,    through    Spanish ; 

(2)  Celtic  carach,  whirling,  deceitful;  (3)  It.  cara, 
face,  and  **collare,  <  collo,  neck;    none   of  these, 
however,  is   more  than  conjectural ;    v.   Skeat,  sub 
Caracole. 

Caracbllo  m. ;  i.  caracole,  half-turn  with  a 
horse.  2.  v.  Caraco.  3.  —  lungo,  caterpillar  shell, 
Mvrex  aluco.  4.  v.  Troco. 

*i.  {mil.)  movement  of  the  front  rankj  so  as  to 
allow  the  rear  rank  to  fire.  ii.  =  Passeggiata. 

Carac6ray!;  i.  coasting  vessel  in  [he  Dutch 
East  Indies.  2.  a  kind  of  coracle. 

Carada  m.;  a  variety  of  tobacco. 

Caraffa/  (either  from  Pers.  qarabah, 
jug,  or  Arabic  garafa,  to  draw,  cp.  Span. 
garaffa,  Fr.  carafe^  Sicilian  carrabbd) ; 
vase.  Far  la  — ,  to  bring  up  shades  of 
deceased  persons  by  witchcraft. 

Caraffinay:;  dim.  Caraffa.  Far  — ,  to  play 
unfairly. 

CarafF-ino  m. ;  dim.  Caraffa  (smaller  than  -ina). 
*Caraffow.;  outburst  (of  water). 
Caragana  /;  (bot.)  Siberian  pea,  Caragana. 
Caragnol-ayC,  or  -o  /«.;  =  Carac6. 
Carag61a  _/?;  =  Troco,  top-shell. 

*  Caragolo    m. ;     i.  =  Caracu.      ii.  =  Caracollo. 
iii.  a  tool  formerly  used  in  connection  with  cannon. 
tiv.  a  top-shell,  v.  Neridola. 

Caraibi  m.  pi,;  Caribs,  or  savages  generally. 
tCaramal  «/.;=  Calamaio,  cuttle-fish. 

Carambol-a/;  i.=-o.  2.  the  red  ball.  Aff. 
-are,  -ata. 

Carambolo  m.  (Spanish  word,  origin 
unkn.}\  cannon  at  billiards. 

*  Caramela  f. ;  —  Ciaramella. 

Caramelati  m.  pl.\  (fhern.)  combinations  of 
Caramele  with  a  base. 

Caramele  m.\  (fhfm.)  one  of  the  substances 
obtained  by  heating  sugar. 

Caramfclla  /  (Arabic  kora,  little 
ball,  and  mochalla,  sweet) ;  I.  fruit 
covered  with  a  crust  of  baked  sugar. 

2.  caramel,  baked  sugar,  v.  Caramellare. 

3.  lozenge  of  candied  sugar.     *  =  Cen- 
namella. 

Caramellaio  m.\  seller  of  Caramelle. 

Caramellare;  to  bake  sugar, so  that 
it  loses  its  water  of  crystallisation  and 
turns  brown. 


CARAMENTE— CARDIO 


127 


Caramente;  adv.  of  Caro. 

*Caramogio  m. ;  i.  dwarf,    ii.  =  Babbeo,  simple- 
ton. 

'Caramusale  m.\  Turkish  ship. 
*CaramuscinayC;  Andare  in  — ,  to  be  done  for. 
Carana/.;  gum  resin  from  the  Bnrsera  gummi- 
ffra. 

Carance  m. ;  scad  fish,  Carattx. 
tCarancolayC;  pretext,  cavil. 
*  Carangare ;  to  work. 

fCarantano  m.  ;   an  Austrian  copper  coin,  so 
called  after  the  province  of  Carinthia, 

Caranza/I;  an  Indian  fruit  tree,  Momordica 
Charantiet. 

Carapayi;  a  Guiana  tree,  Xylacurpus  carajxi, 
Carapace  m. ;  carapace.  Trie  word  is  French 
<  Span,  carapacho*  which  may  probably  come  from 
the  Catalan  carabassa,  gourd,  cp.  Sicilian  caravazza 
(possibly  from  Arabic  kfrbak,  pi.  ker&bat,  water 
vessel). 

tCarapignay^;  =  Sorbettiera,  ice-cream  freezer. 
*Carapign-arsi ;  i.  to  attach  oneself  to  a  person 
for  the  purpose  of  getting  something  out   of  him. 
ii.  =  Graffignare,  to  steal,     t  -are  ;   to  make  ices. 

Carapinay?;  bitter  extract  from  the  bark  or  oil 
of  the  Carapa. 

*Carappo  /«. ;  Tu  mi  fai  castrofica  per — ,  you 
are  returning  me  evil  for  good. 

Carapuzza  f. ;  a  kind  of  Moorish  armour. 
Carassio  m, ;  crucian  carp,  Cyprinus  carasstn, 
Carata/!;  i.=  Carato.     2.  carob  fruit.     3.    the 
name  of  a  skin  disease  in  New  Granada. 
Caratante  «.;=Caratista. 

Caratare  ind.  cardto;  i.  to  weigh 
in  carats.  2.  to  examine  minutely. 
3.  to  gauge  a  piece  of  mechanism  by 
the  size  of  its  most  important  part  such 
as  the  bore  of  a  gun  or  the  diameter  of 
the  piston  of  a  motor. 

Caratellante  m.\  herring  packer. 
Caratell-o   (Carratello)  m.\    t.    a  small   cask, 
equal  to  the  twenty-fourth  part  of  an  ordinary  barrel. 

2.  (mar.)  water-cask.     Aff.  -e"tto,  -ino  dims.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Caratista  m. ;  shareholder,  co-owner, 
v.  Carato. 

Carato  m. ;  i.  carat,  weight  of  four 
grains.  2.  carat;  a  gold  piece  is  said 
to  be  so  many  carats  fine  according  to 
the  number  of  twenty-fourth  parts  of 
pure  metal  in  it.  3.  =Azione,  share  in 
a  commercial  company.  4.  (mar.)  The 
construction  of  a  ship  is  divided  into 
twenty-four  degrees  of  completeness 
termed  Carati,  and  the  ownership  is 
divided  into  twenty-four  parts  with  the 
like  name,  and  similarly  the  profits  of 
her  employment.  If  the  officers  and 
crew  are  paid  by  a  share  in  the  profits, 
the  share  of  each  of  these  is  also  termed 
his  Carato,  like  the  "lay"  given  to 
the  crew  of  a  whaler  in  the  United 
States. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  carat,  Span,  and  Portug. 
quilate,<  Arabic  ?/«J/,<Gr.  xcpartov,  L.  cerattum, 
the  third  of  an  obol ;  ttcpanov  is  properly  carob-pod, 
whence  the  sense  of  a  small  weight,  and  is  derived 
from  Kt'pac,  horn,  from  the  resemblance  of  the  pod 
to  a  little  horn.  Like  apricot,  carat  is  an  example  of 
a  word  which  passed  from  Greek  into  the  Romance 
languages  through  Arabic  (Littrl). 

Caratteraccio  m. ;  pegg.  Carattere. 

Carattere  m.  (L.  character  <Gr. 
^opaKTr/p,  <.  ^o^ao-ffcu,  to  scratch,  en- 
grave); i.  character.  2.  — d' aguglia, 
character  (letter)  of  a  cubit's  length. 

3.  type,   the   Italian   names   for  some 
of  the  various  sizes  of  which   are   as 
follows :  Romano,  primer ;  Lettura,  pica  ; 
Filosofia,  small  pica;   Garamone,  long 
primer;  Garamoncino,  bourgeois;  Tes- 
tino,  brevier;  Mignona,  minion;  Non- 
pariglia,   nonpareil  ;     Parigina,    pearl ; 
Diamante,  diamond ;  Cicero,  intermedi- 
ate between  "English"  and  pica. 


Caratterino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.,  small 
neat  handwriting. 

*Caratterisma  m.\  treatise  on  ethics. 

*  Caratterismo  m. ;    use  of  letters  as  abbrevia- 
tions. 

Caratterista  /«.;  actor  who  creates  a  part. 

Caratteristic-a./;  characteristic.     AJf.  -o. 

Caratter-izzare,  -6ne  augm.^  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. ;  v.  -e. 

*CarattoIa/!;  =  BazzecoIa,  trifle. 
*Caravella  or  Carovella  f.  (A)  (dim.  from  It. 
orbit.  **caraba<L.  carabus<Gr.  *dpa0o«,  which 
meant  "crab"  and  was  also  the  name  of  a  kind 
of  coracle,  cp.  modern  Gr.  Kapdpt,  a  small  ship); 
caravel,  a  light  kind  of  ship.  (B);  i.  ^Capra,  goat. 
ii.  a  variety  of  pear.  iii.  a  kind  of  glue. 

*Carbaso  m.  (L.  <  Gr.   jedpiratro?,   flax);   linen 
cape. 

Carbonaia  _/? ;  i.  charcoal  pit.  z.  stack  for 
burning  into  charcoal.  3.  charcoal  store  or  cellar. 
4.  scherz.  prison.  5.  v.  Carbonaio.  6.  (/«*/.)  ditch 
outside  a  fortress. 

Carbonai-o  «.,  -a  f. ;  i.  charcoal-burner  or 
carrier.  2.  (mar.)  trimmer. 

Carbonario  m. ;  coal  fish,  Gadus  carbonarius. 

Carbonar-o  m. ;  originally  the  same 
as  Carbonaio,  but  used  to  mean  a 
member  of  the  secret  society  formed 
in  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth 
century  for  the  liberation  of  Italy. 
Aff.  -ismo. 

*  Carbonata  f.  (Fr.  carbonnade) ;  salt  pork  fried. 
Carbonato  m. ;  (ckem.)  carbonate. 
Carboncello  m.\  i.  dim.  Carbone.    2.  =  Car- 

bonchio. 

*Carbonchiare  ;  of  corn,  to  become  smutty. 

Carbdnchio  m.    (L.   carbunculus) ; 

1.  carbuncle  (the  jewel  or  the  disease). 

2.  (herald.)  a  charge  consisting  of  rays 
considered    to   represent   a   carbuncle. 

3.  a  kind  of  black  sand.     4.    smut  in 
wheat. 

Carboncino  m.\  dim.  Carbone. 

Carbdne  m.  (L.);  charcoal.  A  mi  sura- 
di  — ,  abundantly,  richly.  -  fossile, 
coal.  -  forte,  dolce,  hard  or  soft 
charcoal,  difficult  or  easy  to  work 
metals  with,  -  rosso,  charcoal  in- 
completely carbonised,  used  in  making 
gunpowder.  —  di  lampada,  lamp-black. 
-  plastico,  charcoal  filter.  Far  — , 
(mar.)  to  coal.  —  coke,  coke. 

*i.    carbuncle,  the  jewel,     ii.   — bianco,  =  Gesso, 

gypsum,      iii.    —   metallico,   a   variety   of  charcoal 
erlved  from  substances  which  melt  before  carbon- 
ising. 

Carbonella_/C;  i.  small  coal.  2.  embers.  3.  a 
variety  of  pear. 

Carbonerfa  / ;  the  secret  society, 
v.  Carbonaro. 

Carbon6tto  m. ;  dark-red  coral. 

Carb6n-ico  asE.,  -ieray^;  charcoal  cupboard. 
-ifero ;  as  E. 

*Carbonigia  f.\   i.   charcoal  dust.     ii.  =Carbo- 
nella. 

Carbonile  m.\  (mar.)  coal  bunker. 

Carbonino  m. ;  furnace  attendant. 

Carb6nio>«.;  (ckem.)  carbon. 

Carbonizz-are  ;  to  carbonise.     Aff.  -azidne. 

Carbiiro  m.;  (chent.)  carburet. 

*  Carca  f. ;  =  Carica,  load. 
*Carcagnuolo  m, ;  =  Calcagnuolo. 

Carcame  m.  (A)  (altered  from  Car- 
cassa,  -assa  not  being  a  native  Italian 
suffix) ;  i.  carcase,  body  of  an  animal 
after  skinning  and  removal  of  the  flesh. 
2.  body  beginning  to  decompose. 

*(B)  (Fr.  earcan<O.H.G.  guerca,  neck);  set  of 
gold  ornaments  for  a  lady's  necklace  or  head  circlet. 
tCarcana_/I;  a  species  of  tunny,  v.  Tonnina. 
*Carcare;  =  Caricare,  to  burden. 
Carcaridi  /«.  //. ;  the  dog-fishes. 
Carcarodbnte  m.  (Gr.  «op^apo«,  jagged,  65ovs, 
tooth);  shark. 

Carcassa/.  (mlt.  carcasium,  of  unkn, 
i.  the  bones  of  the  thorax,  esp. 


of  fowls.  2.  frame  of  a  ship,  carcase, 
esp.  when  lying  as  a  wreck.  3.  frame 
of  a  bidet.  4.  (mil.)  hand-grenade. 
5.  =  Carcame,  carcase. 

"Carcasso  m.  (mlt.  carcaszuM,  of  unkn.  orig.)\ 
quiver. 

Carcer-e  m.  (L-);  prison.  Aff.  -are,  -ario, 
-atore,  -azidne,  -iera,  -iere. 

Carcerulo  ;«.;  (t>ot.)  carcerule,  an  indehiscent 
superior  fruit,  such  as  that  of  the  lime-tree. 

*Carchesio  m.  (L.  <  Gr.  *cap^ija-ioc);  i.  long 
drinking-glass.  ii.  a  kind  of  hoisting  crane. 

*Carcidonio;  v.  Calcedonio- 

*Carcfnadey!  (Gr.  icap<«V<K);  =  Granchio,  crab. 

Carci6f-o  (Carciofano,  Carciofero, 
Carciofola)  m.  (Arabic  charschSf)  ; 
i.  (a)  artichoke,  Cynara  scolymus ; 
(b)  —  salvatico,  wild  artichoke,  Cynara 
cardunculus,  also  termed  Carduccio, 
Sgalera.  2.  fig.  blockhead.  3.  — 
grasso,  houseleek,  Sempervivum  tec- 
torum. 

Aff.  -accio  P^gg- ,  -aia  artichoke  bed,  -aio  arti- 
choke seller  or  grower,  -dtto  or -mo  dim,,  -Gneaug-m., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*Carco,  for  Carico;  loaded.  As  sb.\  i.  burden, 
ii.  accusation,  iii.  Trasmutare  — ,  to  pay  a  debt,  or 
fig.  accomplish  a  vow  otherwise  than  as  agreed,  D. 
Par.  5.  55.  iv.  shame,  reproach. 

Carda  /;  i.  v.  Cardo,  Cardone.     2.  screw-tool. 

*  Cardansiay^;  earthenware  pot. 

*  CardaiayC;  heap  of  chestnut  husks. 
tCardaira  j^;=Razza  macchiettata,  skate,   v. 

Razza  (3). 

*Cardaiuplo  m.\  —  Cardatore,  carder. 

Cardamina,/;  (Acf/.)cuckoo  flower,  Cardamine 
pratensis. 

Cardamindo  m.\  (bot.)=  Astuzia,  nasturtium. 

Cardam-o,  -one  or  -6mo  m.  (Gr.  KapSafna- 
fjiov)',  (bot.)  cardamom,  Amentum  cardamomum. 

CardanicayC;  (war.)  gimbals  for  the  compass. 

Cardare  (It.  cardo,  thistle);  i.  to 
card  wool.  2.  to  speak  evil  of. 

Cardarese  adj.\  a  variety  of  chestnut. 
Cardat-a./;  combing  of  wool,  quantity  combed. 
Aff.  -dre  wool-comber,  -ura  combing,  the  act. 

*  Cardeggiare ;  v.  Cardare  (2). 
Cardella/;  (l>ot.)  teasel,  Dipsacns/nllonum, 
Cardell-etto  m.\  i.  =  -ino.    2.  fidgety  person. 

Cardellino  m.;  goldfinch,  Fringilla 
carduelis,a\$o  termed  Caldenno,  Calde- 
rugio,  Cardello. 

*Cardello  m.  (L.  carduelis<cardnust  thistle); 
i.  =  Cardellino,  goldfinch,  ii.  {Fico)  — ,  a  variety  of 
fig.  iii.  Tenere  in  — ,  to  keep  in  a  state  of  agitation. 
iv.  Stare  in  — ,  in  a  row. 

Gardenia ;  v.  Gardenia. 
tCarderino  or  Carderugio  ;«.;—  Cardellino. 

Cardia/! ;  (anat.)  cardiac  orifice  of  the  stomach. 

Cardiaca  /. ;  (bat.)  motherwort,  Leonurus 
cardiaca. 

Cardiaco(L.);  cardiac. 
*Cardinaio  m. ;  =  Cardatore,  wool-carder. 
*Cardinala_/:;  a  large  kind  of  collar. 

Cardinal-e  (L.);  i.  sb.  or  adj.,  cardinal,  in  all 
senses.  2.  Nappe  di  — ,  (bot.)  cockscomb,  Celosia 
cristata.  3.  in  pl.t  bricks  of  a  large  size  used  for 
rooting  ovens.  4.  the  name  is  applied  to  two  species 
of  bird,  CardinalisvirginianuS)  and  Paroaria  cucul- 
latat  also  to  a  species  of  snail,  beetle  and  butterfly. 

*i.  Venti  -i,  blowing  from  the  four  cardinal  points, 
ii.  =  Arpione,  hook.  iii.  (arch.)  architrave. 

Aff.  -ato,  -6sco  or  -fzio  adj.,  -ume  spreg.  bunch 
of  cardinals. 

Cardinalesco ;  v.  supra.  *  bright  red,  or  as 
sb.)  bright  red  cloth. 

Cardinal^tto  /«.  ;  =  Organs  t  to,  linnet. 

Cardinalista  m.\  (hist.}  adherent  of  Richelieu 
or  of  Mazarin. 

Cardin-e  m.  (L.  cardo] ;  hinge;  in 
pi.,  -i  del  timone,  ring  and  pin  of  a 
rudder. 

Cardino  ///.;  i.  dim.  Cardo.  2.  brush 
with  iron  bristles.  +  husk  of  a  chestnut, 
when  first  formed. 

Cardio  m.\  cockle  (shell-fish),  Canlium,  locally 
termed  Bucardo,  Cuore,  Gongola,  Tellina  a  cuore, 
Capa  tonda. 


128 


CARDIOPALMO— CARMINARE 


Cardio-palmo  palpitation,  -ressia  rupture,  of 
the  heart.  Other  such  compound  words  need  no 
translation. 

Cardo  m.  (L.);  i.  thistle,  the  term  is  applied 
to  many  species  of  Carduus  or  Di&sacust  viz.  (a)  — 
asinino,  Italian  thistle,  Carduus  vulgaris,  also  termed 
Scardiccione,  Stoppione ;  (b)  —  de'  cam  pi,  welted 
thistle,  Carduus  acanthoides,  also  termed  Stoppione ; 
(c)  —  capotondo  or  —  pallottola,  great  globe  thistle, 
Echinops  sphaerocephalus  \  (d)  —  da  lanaioli  or  —  da 
scardiccioli,  fullers'  teasel,  Dijpsacus  fullonum  ; 
(e)  —  da  lanaioli  silvestre,  wild  fullers'  teasel, 
Dipsacus  sylvestris,  also  termed  Virgapastoris ; 
(/)  —  della  Madonna  or—  Santa  Maria,  Our  Lady's 
thistle,  Carduus  Marianus;  (g)  —  pallottolino,  little 
globe  thistle,  Echinops  retro,  also  termed  Capotondo ; 
(A)  —  rosso,  nodding  thistle,  Carduus  nutans; 
(i)  —  santo,  blessed  thistle,  Cnicus  (or  Carduus) 
benedtctus;  (j)  —  scardiccio,  cotton  thistle,  Cirsium 
eriophontm ;  (k)  —  scolimo,  Spanish  golden  thistle, 
Scolymus  hispanicus,  also  termed  Barba  gentile. 

2.  carding  tool  for  wool,  consisting  of  two  toothed 
iron   plates;    Avere   il   pettlne   e   il   — ,   more   usu. 
Macinare   a   due   palmenti,    to    eat    very   heartily. 

3.  =  Cardone.     4.  husk  of  a  chestnut.     5.  flax-comb, 
natchel. 

*i.  —  vivo,  —  morto,  new,  or  old  carding  tool, 
ii.  Conciare  col  —  i  panni,  to  give  the  nap  to  cloth. 

Cardomo  ;  v.  Cardamo. 

Cardon-cfillo  »/.;  dim.  -e,  v.  Carduccio. 

Cardon-cione  MI.;  (bot.)  acanthus,  r/.  ErbafjO. 

Card-6ne  or  -uccio  m. ;  sucker  of  an  artichoke 
which  may  either  be  transplanted  to  form  a  new 
plant  or  buried  and  subsequently  eaten  like  a  cardoon ; 
in  the  latter  case  it  is  also  termed  Gobbo. 

Cardosanto  m.\  (bat.)  Centaurea  benedtcta, 

Cardoscolimo  ;/;.;  :-.  Cardo  (i,  k). 

Carduccio  m.\  i.  i.g.  Cardoscolimo.  2.  i.g. 
Cardone.  3.  i.g.  Carciofo  salvatico. 

Carduncello  m.\  i.g.  Carduccio. 

Carega  f.\  i.  (mar.)  bracket  for  a  bearing. 
z.  v.  Carrega. 

ti.  =Taccata,  blocks,  ii.  bowsprit-pillow,  iii.  in 
//.,  cat-harpings,  v.  Trinca.  iv.  —  orba,  folding 
chair. 

*Careggi-are;  i.  to  caress,  ii.  to  hold  dear, 
-arsi :  iii.  to  value  oneself  highly,  iv.  to  make  one- 
self beloved. 

Careg6ni  tn.  pl.\  (war.)  buttresses. 
tCare!la,/C;  batten  used  m  a  Canniccio,  g.i>.  (2). 

*  Carello  m.;   i.  cushion,     ii.    heraldic  cushion. 
iii.=Cariello. 

Car&na  (Carina)  /  (L.);  i.  bottom 
of  a  ship,  the  submerged  part  of  the 
hull ;  Dar  — ,  to  careen.  2.  (bat.)  keel, 
bottom,  petal  of  a  flower  of  the  pea 
tribe.  3.  (poet.)  ship.  4.  —  Colomba, 
dove.  5.  keel  or  sternum  of  the  skeleton 
of  a  bird. 

Caren-are    ind.    careno;    (mar.)   to    careen. 

tCarendare;  =  Cercare,  to  seek. 

*  Careno  m. ;  boiled  must  of  wine. 
*Carenz-a  or  -iayC  (L.);  lack. 

Careo  m.;  muscular  prominence  between  the 
neck  and  back  of  a  sheep. 

Carestfa  (Caristia)  /  (L.  cams, 
probably  through  a  sort  of  Greek  form 
of  superlative  **<rar/j///j);  dearth,  famine 
prices.  *  avarice. 

*Carest-oso  or  -ioso ;  i.  (time)  of  famine. 
ii.  barren. 

Caretto  i.  m.\  (&»/.)  =  Carice  acuta.  2.  as 
adj.,  dim.  Caro. 

Carezz-a  /  (It.  caro);  i.  caress. 
2.  dearness  in  price. 

*i.  -e  greche,  blows,  ii.  — di  frati,  accompanying 
a  departing  guest  to  the  door. 

Aff.  -are,  -ativo  i.g.  vezzeggiativo,  -evole,  -evol- 
m^nte,  -ma  dim.,  -occiaj^j?^.,  -oso  i.g.  -evole. 

*  Carfagno  ;  dark,  heavy  (colour). 

Carfano  m.\  (bot.)  i.  —  femmina,  white  water- 
lily,  v.  Giglio  (2).  2.  —  maschio,  yellow  water-lily, 
v.  Giglio  (4). 

Carfologia  f. ;  (med.)  plucking  at  the  bed- 
clothes, lit.  gathering  dried  sticks  (Gr.  icap^o?,  dry 
stalk). 

tCarga  !  or  Cargabbasso  !  =  Caricabbasso, 
Haul  down  ! 

*  Cargo  m.\  —  Carico,  load. 

Cari  ;//.  (Tamil  word);  curry. 

Cariaggio;  v.  Carriaggio. 

Cariama  ;«. ;  a  wading-bird  of  Brazil,  Di- 
cholophus. 


Carianto  m.  \  (hot.)  a  West  Indian  shrub, 
Cha.rianth.us. 

Cariare  (A);  to  decay,  v.  Carie.  *(B);=Ac- 
carezzare. 

CanatideyC;  (arch.)  caryatid. 
*Caribo  m,  (etym.  dnb.)\  i.  graceful  dancing  or 
singing,  roundelay;  D.  Purg.  31.  132.    ii.  gratitude. 

Carica  f.  (a  variant  of  Carico)  ; 
i.  charge,  duties  of  an  office.  2.  charge 
of  a  gun,  electric  battery,  etc.  3.  (ML) 
charge.  4.  (mar.)  (a)  brail,  clew-line ; 
(b)  load  ;  —  a  peso  morto,  dead  weight 
load. 

*  i.    burden.      ii.    duty.      iii.    squad    of    troops. 
iv.    slaughter. 

Cancabbasso  tn.;  (mar.)  downhaul  rope  (of  a 
sail). 

Caricaboh'ne  m.\  (mar.)  leech-line. 
Caricabugnay:;  (war.)  clew-garnet. 
Caricam6nto  m.;  (mar.)  lading. 
Caricamezzo  m.\  (mar.)  buntline. 

Caric-are  ind.  carico  (mlt.  carricare, 
to  load  a  carrus,  large  cart) ;  i.  to  load 
a  waggon,  etc.,  or  to  load  things  there- 
on. 2.  fig.  to  overload  or  overspice  a 
poem  or  painting,  to  lay  a  heavy  wager, 
etc.;  -aria  a  uno,  to  play  him  a  very 
disagreeable  trick.  3.  to  wind  (a  clock), 
set  (a  spring  trap),  etc.;  —  una  pompa, 
to  pour  water  into  the  chamber  of  a 
pump  when  about  to  work  it.  4.  (mil.) 
to  charge.  5.  (mar.)  to  draw  a  rope 
tight,  -arsi :  6.  for  -arsi  lo  stomaco,  to 
over-eat  oneself.  7.  -arsi  il  petto  a  un 
malato,  of  a  catarrh  in  the  chest,  to  grow 
more  severe.  8.  -arsi  di  legna  verde, 
i.e.  to  assume  unnecessary  trouble  and 
responsibility.  9.  -ato  =  Lezioso,  affect- 
ed. 10.  As  adv.  -ato  may  be  used  with 
a  feminine  substantive  ;  Veste  troppo 
caricato,  a  dress  with  too  much  get-up 
about  it. 

*  i.    —   il   basto  al   nemico,   lit,   to   load   up   the 
enemy's    transport    animals,    i.e.    to    defeat     him. 
ii.  —  la  canna,  to  load  the  gullet,  i.e.  eat  heartily. 

Caricascotta/;  (mar.)  clew-line. 
Caric-atamente;  i>.  -are. 
*Caricatoio  >«.;  =  Scalo,  quay. 

Caric-atore  m. ;  i.  v.  -are,  2.  (com.) 
shipper. 

Caricatura  /. ;  i.  loading.  2.  cost 
of  loading.  3.  affectation.  4.  carica- 
ture. 

Caricatur-fnayi  dim.;  -ista  m. ;  v.  -3(4). 

Caricey:  (L.)  ;  (hot.)  i.  —  acuta,  slender  spiked 
sedge,  Cartx  acuta,  also  termed  Sala  di  padule, 
Caretto.  2.  —  ampollacea,  Carex  ampullacea. 
3.  —  arenaria,  sand  sedge,  Carex  arettaria,  also 
termed  Salsapariglia  di  Germania.  4.  —  massima, 
giant  sedge,  Carex  maxima,  also  termed  Sala  mas- 
sima.  5.  —  comune,  common  sedge,  Carex  rifaria, 
also  termed  Sala  grande.  6.  —  vescicosa,  Carex 
vcsicaria. 

Carichetto  m.\  dim.  Carico. 

Carico  m.  (It.  caricare);  i.  load, 
cargo;  Nave  da  — ,  freight-ship.  2. 
(hydraul. )  pressure.  3.  charge,  re- 
sponsibility. 4.  accusation,  charge ; 
Parlare  a  —  di  qualcheduno,  to  speak 
against  him.  5.  burden  of  old  age  or 
infirmity.  6.  Essere  a  —  di  uno,  (a)  of 
a  thing  or  undertaking,  to  be  at  his  risk  ; 
(b)  of  an  advocate,  to  be  injurious  to  his 
cause.  7.  at  the  game  of  Briscola  the 
threes  and  the  aces  are  termed  Carichi. 

As  adj. :  8.  short  for  Caricato,  ?'. 
Caricare.  9.  of  horses,  —  di  spalle,  di 
garze,  heavy  in  the  shoulder,  jaw,  etc. 
10.  (mar.)  Capo  — ,  in  charge;  Sot- 


t'  ufficiale  capo  — ,  petty  officer  in  charge 
of  stores,     ii.  (herald.)  charged. 

*i.  —  militare ;  military  title,  military  rank, 
ii.  con  —  di  colonnello,  with  the  weight  belonging 
to  the  rank  of  a  colonel,  iii.  =  Ambasceria,  mission, 
iv.  odium,  dislike;  Cose  di  — ,  odious  matters. 
v.  —  morte,  —  Peso  morto,  dead  weight. 

Caric6n-e  ;«.,  -a  f.  •  augm.  very  affected 
person. 

tCarid-a  or  -e  f.\  Muggine,  gray  mullet. 

Cariddi  /;  Charybdis,  a  dangerous 
whirlpool  in  the  straits  of  Messina. 

Carie  f.  (L.);  caries  of  bone,  decay  in  trees, 
dry  rot  in  timber. 

Carifcllo  m.  (a  dim.  <  Fr.  carrt, 
square) ;  i .  cover,  orig.  square  cover, 
for  the  seat  of  a  privy.  2.  ribbon  or 
lace  for  trimming. 

Carigli<5ne  m.  (Fr.  carillon  <  bit. 
quadrilio)\  carillon;  a  chime,  originally 
of  four  bells,  played  by  keys  or  by  clock- 
work. 

*  Carina;  v.  Carena. 

Carino  tn. ;  dim.  vezz.  Caro,  darling. 

CariofilatayC;  (&>/.)  avens,  v.  Erba  (120). 

Cariofillee  /  //.  ;    i.    (hot.)    the    chickweed 
family,  Caryopltylaceae.     2.  a  genus  of  coral  polyps. 
*Cari'ola;  v.  Carriola. 

Carioso ;  as  E. 
'CanreaJ/Cj^Cattedra,  throne. 

Carisenda  ;  the  name  of  one  of  the  leaning 
towers  at  Bologna.  D.  Inf.  31.  136. 

Carisma  or  Carismate  m.  (Gr.  x'«Pl°"Ma)i 
divine  grace. 

*  Caristia .f.\  i.  y.  Carestia.     ii.  v.  Caritii. 
*Carita,  Caristia  f.\  imaginary  birds. 

Carita/  (L.);  charity. 

*i.  Vostra  — ,  title  for  addressing  a  bishop,  ii  — 
accesa,  title  given  to  lay  brethren,  iii.  love-feast. 
iv.  Far  — ,  or  —  insieme  di  una  cosa,  to  make  a  feast 


in  common  from  a  thing. 
*Caritate^;  Tutti  que! 


i  quei  morsi...alla  mia  —  son 

concorsi,  all  those  sufferings  have  worked  together 
for  my  good.     D.   Par.  26.  57. 

Caritat-evole,  -evolmfinte,  -ivame'nte,  -ivo 
(i.g.  -evole);  v.  Carita. 

Cariti_X^/.;  the  Graces, 
*Carivendolo  »/.;  keeper  of  an  expensive  shop. 

Carla,/;  a  variety  of  large  yellow  apple. 

Carlina  f.  (mlt.  Carolina,  from  a  tradition  con- 
necting Charlemagne  with  the  supposed  medicinal 
virtues  of  the  plant) ;  i.  carline  thistle,  Carlina  intt- 
garis.  2.  —  bianca,  stalkless  carline  thistle,  Carlina 
ucaulis,  also  termed  Camaleone. 

Carlinga_/;  (mar.)  keelson. 

Carlfno  m.  (from  Carlo  III,  king  of 
Spain  and  Naples  in  the  i8th  century); 
a  Neapolitan  coin  worth  about  four- 
pence,  but  there  were  other  coins  of 
this  name  elsewhere,  some  of  gold 
reaching  the  value  of  150  francs.  Dare, 
Avere  il  resto  del  — ,  to  give,  or  receive 
the  rest  of  one's  punishment,  ///.  the 
change  out  of  the  carlino. 

Carlo  m.  (Teutonic  carl,  strong)  ; 
Charles.  Aver  fatto  quanto  -  -  in 
Francia,  i.e.  to  have  managed  to  get 
out  of  great  difficulties. 

Carldna  (Teutonic  carl,  strong) ; 
Alia  — ,  haphazard,  anyhow. 

Carmagn61a  /  (Fr.  word  of  nnkn. 
orig.,  V.  Littre') ;  a  dress  and  dance  of 
this  name  in  vogue  at  the  time  of  the 
French  Revolution. 

Carmantina  f. ;  a  tropical  shrub,  Justtcia 
Pectoralis. 

Carme  ;«.  (L.);  (/<*•/.)  ode. 

*i.  magic  answer,    ii.  votive  inscription,    iii.  peal 
(of  a  trumpet,  etc.). 

Carmehna  f.;  a  white  woollen  stuff. 

Carmelit-a    or    -ano ;    Carmelite,   an    Order 
founded  on  Mt  Carmel  in  the  i2th  century. 
*Carmignolo  m. :  cloth  made  of  broom  fibre. 
*Carminare  (L.);   i.   to  card  wool    ii.    to  ex- 
amine  minutely.  •  iii.  =  Bastonare,  to  beat.     iv.    to 
play  an  instrument  badly,     v.  (med.)  to  expel  wind. 


CARMINATIVO— CARRETTO 


129 


Carminative ;  (med.)  carminative  ;  the  word 
was  coined  in  the  1710  century  from  L.  carminare, 
to  card  wool,  from  a  fancied  analogy  between  that 
process  and  the  action  of  these  medicines  upon  the 
gross  humours  of  the  body. 

Carmine  tit. ;  a  variant  of  the  name  of  Mt. 
Carmel. 

Carmine  or  Carminio  m.  (by  metathesis,  and 
dropping  of  the  s  from  Cremisino  <  Chermes  f.v.,  cp. 
E.  crimson) ;  carmine. 

Carmosina  f. ;  lory,  a  genus  of  red  parrots, 
Lorius. 

Carnaccia./;  pegg.  Carne. 
*Carnaggio  w.;  i.  meat.     ii.  carnage. 

Carnagidne  / ;  colour  of  the  com- 
plexion. *  meat. 

Carnaio  m. ;  I.  (scherz.)  charnel- 
house.  2.  anatomical  museum.  3. 
butcher's  meat  stores.  4.  slaughter. 
5.  brothel.  *  executioner. 

*Carnaiuolo  m.;  i.  pocket,  esp.  game  pocket, 
ii.  butcher,  iii.  seller  of  cooked  meat.  iv.  exe- 
cutioner. 

Carnal -e.  -ita.  -mente;  carnal,  etc. 

*  Carnale  »t.;  =  Quarnale,  strong  rope  or  tackle. 

*  Carnal-one  or -oso  :  fleshly  minded. 
Carname   m.  ;    spreg.  quantity   of  corpses   or 

putrid  meat. 

*Carnara /".;  (mar.)  rope  attached  to  the  main- 
top. 

*Carn-asciaIe  or  -assale  m.  (L.  caniem 
laxare) ',  =  Carnevale. 

Carnasciales-co ;    of   Carnival.     Canti   -chi, 
poetry  sung  at  the  old  Florentine  masquerades. 
Carnato  m, ;  good  complexion. 

*  As  adj.  i.  incarnate,     ii.  pink.     iii.  innate. 

Carn-e  /  (L.  caro,  carnis);  \.  flesh  ; 
-  grossa,  that  of  the  larger  animals ; 
Mala  — ,  that  of  a  cow,  etc.,  which  has 
been  used  for  breeding ;  -  -  battuta, 
pounded ;  in  //.,  the  meaning  is  often 
that  of  skin  ;  -i  untuose,  a  greasy  skin; 
similarly  in  the  sing,  in  such  phrases  as 
Alia  — ,  next  the  skin.  2.  flesh  or  pulp 
of  fruit.  3.  In  — ,  plump.  4.  Ne  —  ne 
pesce,  corresp.  to  E.  neither  fish,  flesh 
nor  fowl,  indeterminate.  5.  —  di  gio- 
vedi,  —  stracca,  said  of  a  woman  of  a 
certain  age.  6.  Prov.  —  grassa  non  ha 
mai  bene,  se  magra  non  diviene,  i.e.  a 
man  never  knows  the  worth  of  a  thing 
till  he  has  lost  it.  7.  —  tirante  fa  buon 
fante,  i.e.  underdone  meat  is  the  most 
nutritious. 

Carne'fice  m.  (L.);  executioner;  as 
adj.,  murderous. 

CarnencinayC;  v.  Carnificina. 

Carnevalata/ ;  fun  on  Carnival  day. 

Carneval-e  or  Carnoval-e  m.  (mlt. 
carnelevamen,  i.e.  taking  meat  away, 
cp.  the  Milanese  form  Carnelevale,  re- 
ferring to  the  coming  Lent,  whilst 
Carnasciale,  a  corruption  of  Carnelas- 
ciale,  is  from  carnem  laxare,  to  indulge 
the  flesh,  referring  to  the  festivities  of 
the  period  before  Lent);  i.  Carnival, 
the  period  from  Christmas  to  Ash 
Wednesday.  2.  figure  impersonating 
Carnival;  Bruciare  il  — ,  to  burn  this 
figure,  viz.  on  the  night  of  Shrove 
Tuesday,  fig.  to  make  a  jolly  night  of 
it.  3.  —  is  also  used  for  any  time  of 
merry-making.  4.  Aver  parecchi  -i 
addosso,  i.e.  to  be  of  advanced  age. 
5.  Prov.  —  al  sole,  Pasqua  al  foco, 
i.e.  a  warm  carnival  betides  a  cold 
Easter.  6.  —  di  Sant'  Ambrogio,  four 
extra  days  of  carnival  at  Milan,  S. 
Ambrose  having  held  that  Lent  began 
on  the  first  Sunday  in  Lent.  7.  Esser 
H. 


da  quaresima  e  da  — ,  to  be  neither 
grave  nor  gay.  Aff.  -e"sco  adj.,  -e^to 
dim.,  -fno  dim.  esp.  the  first  Sunday 
in  Lent,  which  is  a  continuation  of 
Carnival,  -one  augm.,  esp.  the  four 
extra  days  of  the  Milanese  carnival. 

Carniccio  m. ;    i.    fleshy  side  of  raw  hides. 

2.  scraps  of  hides  used   in  making  glue.     * spreg. 
Carne. 

Carniera  yi;  i.  =  Cacciatora,  shoot- 
ing-jacket. 2.  pocket  or  bag  for  game. 
*  lady's  bag. 

Carnieracciay;  pegg.  Carniera. 
Carniere  m. ;  (mar.)  harness  cask,  for  salted 
provisions.     *  =  Carniera. 

Carnificina  f.;  butchery. 
Carnivoro;  carnivorous. 

*  Carnoccia  f. ;  plump  skin  of  a  young  person. 
•Carnona/:;  augm.  Carne. 

Carnosita  f.  •  t.  v.  Carne.  2.  fleshy  ex- 
crescence. 

Carniso;  i.  fleshy,     2.  (paint.)  soft. 

*  Carnosso  m. ;  flesh  and  bones. 
Carnovale ;  v.  Carnevale. 

Carnume  >«. ;  i.  a  species  of  zoophyte,  a.  ex- 
crescence. 

•CarnutayC;  the  vessel  containing  food  for  the 
cardinals  when  in  conclave. 

Caro(A)(L.);  dear.  Buonoe — ,  good-natured 
enough  but  not  to  be  trifled  with.  —  per  le  spese, 
not  worth  his  keep. 

(B)  (Gr.  icapoc) ;  deep  sleep. 

(C)  (Gr.  KO.POV);  (hot.)  caraway,  Carum  carui, 
also  termed  Carvi. 

•Caroba/;  i.  v.  Carrubio.     tii.  (mar.)  battle- 
dore, shoe  for  the  bitts. 

Car&bol-ayC,  -o  m.:  v.  Carrubio. 

Cardgn-ayC  (**  caroneus  <  L.  caro) ; 
i.  worn-out  horse.  2.  corpse.  3.  carrion. 
4.  laziness,  or  as  adj.,  lazy,  v.  supra  (i). 
Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -fna  or  -61a  dim.,  esp. 
naughty  child. 

Car61a/.  (mlt.  charolare,  to  dance, 
<  Gr.  xopavfys,  choric  flute-player) ; 
elaborate  combined  dance  of  numerous 
dancers,  ballet. 

*  i.   Menar  la  — ,  i.e.  to  be  hanged,     ii.   ballad, 
iii.   Fare  una  —  trita,  to  stamp  the  feet,  so  as  to 
warm  them. 

Carolina  f.  (dim.  Carola  ?) ;  a  form  of  billiards 
played  with  five  differently  coloured  balls.  Punto 
di  — ,  the  baulk  line. 

Carolingi  rn.pl.;  (hist.)  descendants  of  Charle- 
magne. 

Carolini  iu.pl.:,  the  four  books  of  Charlemagne 
against  the  Nicean  iconoclasts. 

Carolo  m. ;  — Galeruco,  bark-beetle. 
tCarombola  /J;  =  Carogna  (2). 
*CaronatayC;  =  E.  carronade,  a  short  gun. 

Caronte  m.;  (mytkol.)  Charon, 
t  Carosare  ;=Tosare,  to  shear. 

CaroSello  (Carusello)  m.  (corr.  < 
Garosello,  <  Garoso,  <  Gara,  competi- 
tion, cp.  Fr.  carrousel;  but  see  Korting, 
art.  1973,  who  derives  it  from  L.  carnis 
** sellum);  i.  combined  exhibition  by 
several  riders.  2.  merry-go-round. 

Cards! ;  v.  Caro  (B). 

t  Carosino ;  =  Galante,  cavalier-like. 

Car6t-a  f.  (L.,<Gr.  Kaptarai>,<.Kapa, 
cp.  Kf<j>a\<or6s,  a  term  applied  to  plants 
with  a  head) ;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  carrot,  Daucus 
carrota ;  (6)  —  di  Creta,  Cretan  carrot, 
Athamanta  cretensis.  2.  fig.  cock  and 
bull  story ;  Vender  -e,  to  tell  silly  stories. 

3.  scherz.  newspaper  office.     4.  scherz. 
the   plume   of  certain   uniforms.     AJf, 
-accia  pegg.,  -aio  retailer  of  -e. 

Cardtico ;  (med.)  i.  relating  to  the  carotid 
arteries,  a.  affected  with  sleepiness,  v.  Caro  (B). 

Cardtide  f.  (Gr.  Kapum'f  <  «eapou>,  to  stupefy, 
Kapof ,  sleep ;  the  ancients  thought  drowsiness  to  be 
due  to  increased  flow  of  blood  to  the  head)  ;  (anat.) 
carotid. 

Carolina  f. ;  i.  dim.  Carota.  2.  colouring 
principle  extracted  from  carrots. 


Carot-dna/:,  -6ne  m.;  augm.  Carota. 
Carovan-a  or  Caravan-a  (Garovana)/  (Ara- 
bic word,  from  Persian  karuan,  troop  of  travellers)  ; 
i.  caravan.     2.  quasi.fig.  novitiate,  apprenticeship; 
Aver  fatto  le  sue  -e,  to  have  gained  experience. 
*Carovella;  7f.  Caravella. 
*Carpacco  or  Calpacco  nt.  ;  a  Greek  fez. 
"Carpare;  i.   to  crawl,     ii.  to  seize. 

Carpaterra  f.;  (hot.)  dodder,  Cuscuta  Euro- 
pata,  also  termed  Tarpigna,  Granchierella,  Melata- 
linaiuola,  Fracapello,  Strozza-lino. 

Carpentiere  m.;  (mar.)  ship's  carpenter. 
*  Carpento  m.  (L.  from  Celtic)  ;  cart. 
•Carpere  (L.);  to  card  flax. 
*Carpettay[;  Venetian  woman's  dress. 
*Carpiccio  m.\  handful,  sc.  of  abuse,  or  of  blows. 
*Carpigna/;  =  Acetosella,  sorrel. 

Carpine,  Carpino   m.  (L.)  ;   (dot.) 

1.  hornbeam    tree,    Carpinus   betulus. 

2.  —  nero  or  —  orientale,  v.  Carpinella. 

Carpinella/  ;  (bot.)  hop  hornbeam, 
Ostrya  vulgaris,  also  termed  Carpine 
nero,  Carpine  orientale. 

tCarpinese;  i.q.  Cardarese. 

Carpineto  m.  ;  i.  hornbeam  copse.  2.  Jig. 
entanglement. 

Carpionare  ind.  carpiono;  to  cook  like  a  carp. 

Carpione  m.  (L.);  carp,  Cyprimis  carpio,  esp. 
that  of  the  Lago  di  Garda.  Local  synonyms:  —  Bul- 
bero,  Gobho,  Pesce  gallina,  Reina,  Raina,  Regina 
scura, 

Carp-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  carplre);  to 
obtain  (by  fraud),  to  snatch,  to  seize. 

*Carpita_/I;  i.  sheaf,     ii.  rough  cloth,  frieze. 

Carpitdre  ;  v.  Carpire. 

Carpo  m.  (Gr.  feapiroc)  ;  (anat.)  wristbones, 
carpus. 

Carpobalsamo  m.;  fruit  of  the  balm  of  Gilead 
tree,  A  myris  opobalsatnum. 

Carpoliti  m.  pi.  (Gr.  (eapiros,  At'flos);  i.  con- 
cretions in  fruit.  2.  fossil  fruits. 

Carp-6ne  or  -<5ni  adv.  (etym.  dub., 
perhaps  O.H.G.  krapfo,  curved,  cp.  E. 
creep)  ;  on  all  fours,  crawling. 


Carraddre  OT.  ;  carriage-builder. 
*Carraiay;  carriage-road. 

Carraio  «/.;  wheelwright. 
*  Carrareccia  f.  ;    i.    carriage-way, 
wheels  of  a 


width 
between  the  wheels  of  a  cart. 

•Carrareccio;  i.  of  a  carriage,  ii.  practicable 
for  carriages,  iii.  of  a  cask,  convenient  in  size  for 
carting. 

Carrata/;  cartload. 

*i.  cart.     ii.  cask  making  a  full  load  for  a  cart. 

•Carratello;  v.  Caratello. 

t  Carre"  m.\  (wrtr.)  =  Quadrato,  mess-room. 

Carrega  f.\  (schtrz.)  i.  old-fashioned  carriage. 
•2.  (mar.)  —  or  Carreca,  counter,  arched  space  in 
the  stern  of  a  vessel.  3.  (mar.)  v.  tCarega  (iii). 

Carreggiabile  ;  Strada  —  ,  cart-road. 

Carreggiare  ind.  carrdggio;  i.  to 
cart.  2.  to  traverse  (a  road)  with  a 
cart.  3.  (mar.)  to  gybe  a  lateen  sail. 

Carreggiata  /  ;  i.  rut;  Andare  per 
la  —  ,  i.e.  to  follow  the  beaten  track. 
2.  width  of  a  cart  between  its  wheels. 

Carr^ggio  m.  ;  constant  cart  traffic. 

*  i.  quantity  of  carts,  ii.  carting,  iii.  Jig.  beaten 
track. 

Carrello  m.  ;  —  del  tornio  col  suo 
sopporto,  compound  rest  of  a  lathe. 

Carrdtt-a  /  ;  cart.  II  palio  delle  -e, 
the  races  that  were  formerly  run  in 
Florence  on  St  John's  day,  the  6th  of 
May. 

Aff.  -aio  carter,  -ata  cartload,  -ella 
four-wheeled  dog-cart  with  a  hood, 
-elh'na  dim.,  -iere  i.q.  -aio,  -ina  or  -ino 
dims.,  -ino  being  the  smaller. 

Carre'tto  /«.  ;  i.  hand-cart.  2.  child's 
cart.  3.  pulleys  for  hanging  or  changing 
the  flies  of  a  theatre. 


CARRETTONE— CARTELLO 


Carrett6n-e  tn.;  \.  tipping  cart. 
2.  military  waggon.  3.  hearse.  4.  brake 
for  driving  young  horses.  Aff.  -aio 
driver,  -ata  cartload,  -cfno  dim.,  esp. 
toy-cart. 

Carrett-uccia  / ;  spreg.  -a.  -uccio 
m.  ;  dim.  -o. 

Carriaggio  or  Cariaggio  m.\  i.  bag- 
gage-waggon. 2.  baggage  of  an  army 
as  a  whole. 

Carri&ra/  (orig.  a  road  practicable 
for  carts, <  It.  carro) ;  I.  .full  gallop; 
Di  — ,  fig.  with  all  possible  speed. 
2.  career. 

*  i.  =  Carrozza,  carriage,  ii.  Per  — ,  (to  buy  or 
sell)  away  from  the  shop,  secretly,  iii.  course  of 
the  sun  or  stars,  iv.  (Fr.  crirri&re<,  L.  quadraria) 
quarry. 

*Carriolay^;  i.  a  sort  of  wheelbarrow,  ii.  small 
bed  rolled  away  by  daytime  under  a  large  bed. 
iii.  litter  for  carrying  the  sick.  iv.  —  Carretto,  small 
cart.  v.  =GireIla,  pulley. 

Carro  />/;.,  in//,  sometimes/,  Carra, 
when  meaning  cartloads  (L.,  of  Gaulish 
origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Car) ;  i.  waggon; 
-  di  Boote,  the  Great  Bear.  2.  - 
matto,  trolly  for  a  gun  or  other  heavy 
load.  3.  frame  of  a  carriage  as  opposed 
to  the  body ;  chassis  of  a  motor.  4.  = 
Carrettata,  waggon-load.  5.  set-piece 
of  fireworks  let  off  on  the  morning  of 
Easter  eve  at  Florence.  6.  (print.)  case. 
7.  Prov.  Pigliar  la  lepre  col  — ,  lit.  to 
take  the  hare  in  the  waggon,  i.e.  to 
proceed  slowly  and  cautiously  about  an 
affair.  "8.  (mar.}  the  lower  and  thicker 
of  the  two  spars  which  form  the  fore 
peak  of  a  lateen  yard. 

ti.  —  vestito  or  spolto  (spogliato),  a  cart  with,  or 
without,  wickerwork  prolongations,  ii.  —  matto, 
cart  for  Pozzi  neri,  v.  Nero. 

Oarrbccio  m. ;  (hist.)  car  with  the 
flag  of  the  army. 

Carroleva  »». ;  (artillery  term)  truck,  also 
termed  Trincapalle. 

Carromatto ;  v.  Carro  (2)  and  (ii). 

Carr6zz-a  /  (It.  carro);  carriage. 
Arrivare  colla  —  del  Negri,  to  come 
late.  Andare  colla  —  di  San  Fran- 
cesco (usu.  col  cavallo),  v.  Cavallo. 
*-e  in  corpo,  rumblings. 

Carrozzabile ;  Strada  — ,  carriage- 
road. 

Carrozz-accia  peg?.,  -aip  =  -iere, 
-ata  carriage  load,  -etta  dim.  vezz. ; 
v.  Carrozza. 

Carrozziere  m. ;  i.  carriage-builder. 
2.  fly-proprietor.  3.  (scherz.)  coachman. 

Carrozzfna  / ;  i.  child's  peram- 
bulator. 2.  toy  carriage  pushed  by  a 
child. 

Carrozzf.no  m. ;  i.  two- wheeled  dog- 
cart. 2.  usurious  loan.  3.  secret  com- 
mission improperly  received. 

Carrozzonay];  augtn.  Carrozza. 

Carrozz6ne  tn. ;  i.  attgm.  Carrozza.  2.  heavy 
commission,  v.  Carrozzino  (3). 

CarrozzucciayC;  dim.  sfreg.  Carrozza. 

Carriibay:;  carob  bean. 

Carrubbio,  Carrtbo,  or  Carnibio  m.  (Caro- 
bola  f.  Carobolo  m.)  (Arabic  kftarrub,  bean  pods) : 
the  carob  or  locust  tree,  Ceratonia  siligua.,  also 
termed  Siliqua. 

Carnica/;  i.  =  Carrucola.     2.  =  Carro. 

Carrticcio  m. ;  child's  go-cart.  *  i.  = 
Carretto.  ii.  affair. 


Carnicol-a  (Carucola)/  (dim.  of  L. 
carruca,  carriage);  pulley.  Unger  le  -e, 
to  bribe,  //'/.  grease  the  pulleys.  Quando 
usava  tirarsi  su  i  calzoni  colle  -e,  lit. 
when  people  pulled  their  breeches  up 
with  pulleys,  i.e.  in  the  barbarous  times  of 
our  ancestors.  Brodo  di  — ,  very  watery 
broth,  referring  to  the  pulley  of  a  well. 

Carrucolare;  =  Abbindolare,to  trick. 

Carrucol-^tta  or  -ina/I;  dim.  Carrucola. 
*Carsellay^;=Scarsella,  satchel. 

Cart-a  /  (L.,  <Gr.  xapTr/s,  leaf  of 
papyrus  paper) ;  i.  paper,  document, 
page  of  a  book ;  -e  di  bordo,  ship's 
papers,  also  termed  Ricapiti ;  -  -  di 
Francia,  da  muro,  or  da  parato,  wall 
paper ;  • —  ministro,  foolscap  ;  —  moneta, 
paper  money ;  —  pesta,  v.  Cartapesta ; 
-  di  prova,  o  reattiva,  test  paper;  — 
di  seta,  silver  paper,  Fr.  papier  Joseph  ; 
—  smeriglio,  emery  paper;  —  straccia, 
v.  Cartastraccia ;  —  sugante,  blotting- 
paper  ;  —  trasparente,  lucida,  o  da  cal- 
care,  tracing-paper ;  -  -  velina,  tissue 
paper  ;  —  vetro,  sandpaper.  2.  map ; 
-  muta,  outline  map.  3.  layer  of 
silk  in  a  cocoon.  4.  -  naturale, 
(dot.)  green  slime,  Conferva  rivularis. 
5.  card ;  Far  le  -e,  or  tutte  le  -e, 
lit.  to  do  all  the  shuffling,  i.e.  to 
monopolise  the  conversation,  or  to  ar- 
range all  the  affairs  of  the  house ;  Avere 
or  Mandare  alcuno  a  -e  quarantotto,  to 
have,  or  show,  a  hearty  dislike  for  him  ; 
Dir  cjualcosa  a  uno  a  -e  quarantotto,  to 
say  it  quite  plainly;  Non  sapere  a 
quante  -e  uno  ci  abbia,  not  to  know  how 
he  likes  us,  v.  Calendario ;  La  —  da 
colore,  lit.  the  card  shows  colour,  i.e.  the 
undertaking  looks  promising,  a  meta- 
phor from  drawing  out  a  card  by  de- 
grees, v.  Succhiellare. 

KSfAn  Italian  pack  consists  of  forty 
cards  in  four  suits  termed  Danari,  Coppe, 
Spade  and  Bastoni,  or  coins,  goblets, 
swords  and  clubs,  the  cards  being 
figured  with  these  instead  of  the 
variously  shaped  pips  of  French  or 
English  cards.  The  Italian  names  of 
the  suits  in  a  French  pack  are  Cori 
hearts,  Quadri  (sometimes  Mattoni) 
diamonds,  Picche  spades,  and  Fiori 
clubs.  If  a  French  pack  be  taken  to 
be  used  as  an  Italian  one,  the  eights, 
nines  and  tens  being  thrown  out,  so  as 
to  reduce  the  pack  to  forty,  the  names 
of  the  suits  will  be  Danari  for  diamonds, 
Coppe  for  hearts,  Spade  for  spades,  and 
Bastoni  for  clubs.  The  Italian  names 
of  the  suits  in  a  French  pack  are  all 
feminine  and  indeclinable  but  plural  in 
form,  as  in  the  refrain,  La  picche,  la 
quadri,  la  fieri  ce  1'  ho,  Dammi  il  tuo 
cuore  (scherz.  for  la  cori)  primiera  faro. 

*i.  — delP  erba,  =  Erbolina,  fine  herbage,  ii.  — 
.non  nata,  parchment  made  from  the  skin  of  a  lamb 
born  dead.  iii.  —  rasa,  parchment,  iv.  —  reale, 
drawing  paper.  v.  —  succhia,  blotting-paper, 
vi.  Dar  libro  a  -e,  to  enumerate  a  person's  mis- 
deeds,  vii.  —  Lettera.  viii.  proof,  ix.  Fare,  or 
Dar  — ,  to  make  a  written  agreement ;  La  parola 
d'  uno  esser  — ,  viz.  when  his  word  is  as  good  as  his 
bond.  x.  Dare  le  -e  basse,  i.e.  to  speak  in  a  low 
tone.  xi.  Dare  tutte  le  -e,  to  yield  to  another's 
wishes,  xii.  Tener  su  le  -e,  to  hold  up  one's  cards, 
reserve  one's  strength. 


'  Cartabello  m. ;=Scartabello,  pamphlet. 

Cartabono  m. ;  i.  carpenter's  square, 
v.  Quartabono.  2.  bevel,  v.  Calandrino. 

Cart-accia/;  \.  pegg.oi -•&.  2.  at 
card  games,  card  of  no  value. 

Cartaceo ;  made  of  paper. 
Cartaglbria  / ;  altar  scroll. 

Cartaia  f. ;  =  Cartiera. 

Cartaio  tn. ;  card  or  paper  maker.  *  parchment 
maker. 

Cartamina  f. ;  Spanish  red  or  China  lake, 
v.  Cartamo. 

Cartamo  m.  ;  (bot.)  safflower,  Carthamus 
titictorius. 

Cartapartlta/ ;  (war.)  charter  party, 
cp.  Fr.  charte  partie ;  the  term  is  from 
the  practice  of  cutting  the  instrument 
in  two  and  giving  one  part  to  each  of 
the  contractors. 

Cartap&cora  /  ;  //.  Cartapecore ; 
sheepskin  parchment,  v.  Pergamena. 

Cartapesta/;  papier mach^.  Gente 
di  — ,  flabby  people. 

*Cartara;  v.  Cartiera.     *Cartaro;  t/.  Cartaio. 

Cartastraccia  or  Cartastracci  /  ; 

1.  wrapping-paper.     2.   fig.   worthless 
document. 

Cartata/ ;  paper  parcel.  *  =  Facci- 
ata. 

*Cartatura/!;  numbering  the  pages  of  a  book. 

Carteggiare  ind.  cartdggio;  i.  to 
keep  up  a  correspondence.  2.  to  play 
cards.  3.  (mar.)  to  lay  out  a  course  on 
the  chart.  4.  to  turn  over  the  leaves 
of  a  book. 

Cart^ggio   m. ;    i.   correspondence. 

2.  collection  of  papers  or  letters. 

Cartella  /  (It.  carta);  i.  label. 
2.  (arch.)  slab  for  an  inscription.  3. 
notice-board.  4.  printed  form  of  contract. 
5.  ticket  for  playing  Tombola.  6.  lottery 
ticket.  7.  certificate  of  an  investment. 
8.  portfolio.  9.  catalogue.  10.  =Car- 
tagloria,  altar-scroll,  ii.  the  filling  of 
the  frame  of  the  reading-desk  for  a 
missal.  12.  top  bar  of  the  back  of  a 
chair.  13.  plate  in  a  watch  where  the 
pieces  of  the  movement  are  attached. 
14.  in  pi.,  the  gilt  or  silver  ornamenta- 
tion on  the  arms  of  a  cross.  15. — d'in- 
canto,  conditions  of  sale  at  an  auction. 

1 6.  license    given    to    public    women. 

17.  scoring  frame  with  balls  running  on 
wires.     1 8.  lock  plate  of  a  fowling-piece. 
19.  schoolboy's  satchel. 

Cartellaccio  m.  ;  defamatory  notice 
posted  up. 

*Cartellare;  i.  to  publish  notices,  ii.  to  chal- 
lenge. 

*Cartellario  m. ;  archives. 
Cartelletta  f. ;  dim.  Cartella. 

CartelHn-a/  (dim.  Cartella);  i.  v. 
Cartella  (5).  Fare  alle  -e,  to  play  at 
Tombola.  2.  scoring  frame,  with  holes 
for  pegs. 

CartelHno  m.  (dim.  Cartello) ;  ticket 
or  plate  for  a  name  or  for  the  price  of 
an  article. 

Cartdllo  m.  (mlt.  cartellus,  dim.  of 
carta  for  charta,  v.  Carta) ;  i.  large 
public  notice,  placard;  Attore  di  — , 


CARTELLONE— CASEGGIATO 


=  di  grido,  well  known.  2.  Casa  di  — , 
brothel,  v.  Cartella  (16).  3.  —  della 
bottega,  name  board  over  a  shop- 
window.  4.  —  di  sfida,  challenge. 
5.  (hist.)  label  tied  round  the  neck  of  a 
criminal  with  a  list  of  his  offences. 

*  i.   defamatory  libel,     ii.   —  di  cortesia,  notice  of 
reward  to  the  finder  of  lost  property. 

Cartell6ne  m.  (augm.  Cartello) ; 
i.  large  placard.  2.  sheet  containing 
all  the  numbers,  viz.  from  i  to  go,  used 
in  playing  at  Tombola.  3.  (arch.) 
bracket  to  support  the  cornice  over  a 
door. 

Cartesiano  ;  of  Des  Cartes,  Cartesian. 

Carticfno  m. ;  a  sheet  of  two,  four 
or  eight  pages  to  complete  a  book,  or 
to  replace  pages  which  require  cor- 
rection. 

Cartiera/ ;  paper  manufactory. 

Cartiglia  /.',  at  Calabresella,  a  sequence  of 
small  cards. 

*  i.  =  Cartuccia  (2).     ii.  =  Cartella,  scroll. 
•Cartiglio  m.;  i.q.  Cartiglia  (ii),  scroll. 

Cartilagin-e  /.  (I..);  i.  cartilage,  2.  (tot.) 
skin  inside  a  cane  or  on  a  pomegranate  seed,  etc. 
Aff.  -oso. 

Cartfna/. ;  i.  dim.  -vezz.  Carta,  fine 
paper  or  small  size  paper.  2.  engraving. 
3.  at  Calabresella,  card  of  no  value. 

Cartoccere  m. ;  cartridge  box. 

Cartoccetto  m. ;  dim.  Cartoccio. 

Cartocciata/;  contents  of  awrapper. 

Cartoccino  m. ;  dim.  Cartoccio. 

Cartbccio  m.  (It.  carta) ;  i.  wrapper 
made  by  twisting  a  piece  of  paper  into 
the  form  of  a  cone,  or  the  contents  of 
the  same.  2.  (mil.)  cartridge  for  artil- 
lery. 3.  (arch.)  scroll.  4.  in//.,  maize 
leaves  for  stuffing  mattresses.  5-  =  Caz- 
zotto,  blow  with  the  fist.  6.  =  Scartoccio, 
chimney-glass  of  a  lamp.  7.  Tempera 
a  — ,  case-hardening. 

•  Portare  il  — ,  to  do  fatigue  duty,  from  the  fool's 
cap  like  a  paper  cone  formerly  worn  by  convicts. 

Cartocci6ne  ;«.;  augm.  Cartoccio. 
Cartograf-ia  /. ;  map-making,     -o  ;«. ;  geo- 
grapher. 

Cartolaio  or  -aro  m. ;  stationer. 

Cartolar-e  or  -o  m. ;  i.  paper  cover 
of  a  book  or  papers.  2.  diary.  3.  ship's 
log. 

Cartolare  ind.  cartolo;  to  page  (a 
book). 

•  Cartolario  m. ;  register  of  documents. 

Cartoleria/ ;  stationery  shop. 

Cartollna  /;  i.  card,  esp.  post- 
card. 2.  (med.)  dose  (in  paper). 

Cartolinare ;  to  bind  a  book  in  a 
rough  fashion. 

*Cartolino  i». ;  =  Carticino. 

Carton-accio  pegg.,  -cfcllo  or  -clno 
thin  cardboard ;  v.  -e. 

Cart6ne  m.  (augm.  Carta) ;  i.  card- 
board ;  Uomo  di  — ,  man  of  weak 
character.  2.  cartoon,  uncoloured  de- 
sign for  a  picture.  3.  sheet  of  strong 
paper  for  silkworms'  eggs.  4.  Dare  il  — 
a"  pannilani,  to  impart  a  lustre  to  cloth 
by  pressing  between  sheets  of  strong 
paper.  5.  a  kind  of  lady's  head-dress. 


Cartonuccio  >«. ;  spreg.  Cartone. 
Cartliccia(Cartuzza)^;  i.  cartridge. 
2.  fee,  lit.  roll  of  paper,  with  a  fee  in  it. 

*i.=Carticino  (of  two  pages  only),    ii.  small  piece 
of  paper.     Hi.  voting  paper. 

Cartucciera/ ;  =  Giberna,  cartridge- 
case. 

*Cartuccio  in. ;  =  Quartuccio,  small  bottle. 
*Cartulare;  v.  Cartolario. 
*Cartuzza;  v.  Cartuccia. 
*Caruba  or  Carubbio;  v.  Carruba. 

Caruccio  m. ;  dim.  Caro. 
*Caruccola_/;  — Arzavola,  teal. 
tCarucola;  v.  Carrucola. 

Carun-cola  or  -cula/?;  (anat.)  fleshy  promi- 
nence  at  the  corner  of  the  eye.     Aff,  -oso. 
*Carusello;  v.  Carosello. 

Carviw.;  v.  Caro(C). 

Casa/  (L.);  i.  house.  2.  in  the 
game  of  backgammon,  Fare  una  — ,  to 
make  a  point  by  placing  two  men  upon 
it ;  the  term  Casa  is  also  used  to  mean 
the  last  division  of  the  board  from  which 
the  men  are  thrown  off.  3.  at  billiards, 
the  baulk.  4.  Stare  a  —  e  bottega, 
usu.  a  uscio  e  bottega,  close  together, 
near  neighbours.  5.  A  —  '1  diavolo  or 
del  diavolo,  a  devil  of  a  long  way  off. 

6.  Star  di  — ,  to  live  (at  a  certain  place). 

7.  Tanto  c'  e  da  —  mia  a  —  tua,  quanto 
da  —  tua  a  —  mia,  i.e.  you  and  I  have 
the   same  social   status.     8.    -  -   terza, 
somebody  else's  house.    9.  — di  coperta, 
(mar.)  deck-house,  round-house. 

Casacca/. ;  long  cloak.  Voltar  — , 
to  turn  one's  coat. 

Etym.  Cogit.  Fr.  casaque,  Span,  cusaca,  prob. 
<  It.  or  L.  casa,  c/>.  mlt.  casula  (which  orig.  meant 
little  house,  but  acquired  the  sense  of  cloak)  and  also 
casaca  and  caztta,  both  of  which  mean  cloak ;  the 
suffix  finds  a  parallel  in  Guernacca ;  Korting,  how- 
ever, inclines  to  a  Slavonic  derivation,  viz.  Cossack, 
i.e.  Cossack  cloak. 

Casacchino  /«.  (dim.  Casacca);  lady's  cape. 

Casaccia/;  sfreg.  Casa. 

Casaccio  in. ;  pegg.  Caso,  chance. 

Casaccone  m. ;  augm.  Casacca. 
*Casaggio  »/.;  =  Casamento. 
*Casagliato  m.;  inn. 

Casaldiavolo  m. ;  hurly-burly. 
Casale  m. ;  hamlet. 

Casalingo  (It.  casa,  with  the  Ger- 
manic suffix  inc,  expressing  affiliation); 
domestic,  home-made.  *domestic  ser- 
vant. 

*Casalino  ;«.;  i.  dim.  Casale.    ii.  ruined  house. 
*  Casalone  m. ;  i.  large  solitary  house,    ii.  ruined 
castle. 

Casamatta/;  i.  (mil.)  casemate. 
2.  military  prison.  3.  scherz.  prison, 
generally. 

Etym.  It.  casa,  house,  with  an  addition  which 
seems  to  be  taken  from  matto,  mated  at  chess,  v. 
Matto  (B). 

Casamento  m. ;  house  divided  into 
flats. 

Casarca  /. ;  sheldrake,  Anas  tadoma,  also 
termed  Germane  forestiero. 

*Casare;  =  Accasare,  to  settle  in  life. 
Casareccio;  =  Casereccio,  homely. 

Casata/ ;  family,  clan. 

*Casatico  m.;  house-tax. 

Casdto  m. ;  family  name,  surname. 

*zsfidj'.t  provided  with  houses,  built  over. 

Caacaggine/;  sleepiness,  muscular 
fatigue. 

Cascame  m. ;  shreds  of  material, 
waste. 


Cascambrto;  spoony.  Fare  il  — , 
to  make  violent  love,  of  a  feigned  kind  ; 
in  contrast  to  Morirci  su,  which  ex- 
presses genuine  passion. 

Case-are  (**casicare,  freq.  of  L.  ca- 
dere) ;  i.  to  fall,  esp.  to  fall  into  a  verbal 
trap ;  —  ritto,  fig.  to  fall  on  one's  feet ; 
-arsi  di,  to  be  in  love  with  (a  person),  or 
greatly  to  desire  (a  thing);  A  — ,  in 
great  plenty ;  Non  —  nel  quarto,  not  to 
be  very  urgently  needed.  2.  to  end  in ; 
Dove  s'  andra  a  — ?  how  is  it  going  to 
end?  3.  Non  casca,  or  cascherebbe, 
nulla,  semi-iron. ;  Quel  ragazzo  £  andato 
solo  in  campagna. — Non  cascherebbe 
nulla !  that  boy  is  gone  out  into  the 
fields  by  himself. — Well,  I  hope  nothing 
very  dreadful  will  happen  to  him.  4.  — 
le  budella,  to  feel  very  hungry.  5.  (mar.) 

-  la  bolina  di   maestra,  to  clear   the 
main  bowline  from  the  sail  (by  slipping 
the  toggle) ;    —  trinchetto,  to  set  the 
foresail  (when  going  before  the  wind). 

Cascar-illa  or  -igliay?;  (hot.)  Croton  casca. 
rilla. 

Cascat-a/ ;  fall,  esp.  waterfall.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg.,  -ella  dim. 

Cascat-iccio  or  -6io;  i.  ready  to 
drop.  2.  prone  to  fall  in  love. 

•  Cascatura  f. ;  droppings,  esp.  from 
a  sieve. 

Cascell6re  m. ;  (bot.)  Bunias  erucago,  a  species 
of  Crucifer. 

Cascemir  in. ;  (geogr.)  Cashmere. 
Caschereccio ;  =  Cascaticcio. 
Caschitto  m. ;  dim.  Casco,  helmet. 
•Casciay:;  i.  =  Acacia,    ii.  =Caccia. 
*Casciai-a  f. ;  shelf  for  cheeses.     *-uolo  /;/. ; 
cheesemonger. 

*Casciato;  cheesy. 

Cascimirra/ ;  Cashmere  wool. 

Cascfn-a/  (It.  cascio) ;  i.  cow-shed, 
with  a  cheese  factory.  2.  in  pi.,  the 
public  park  on  the  west  of  Florence. 
3.  cheese  press.  4.  — ,  or  Legno  di  — , 
thin  board  of  beechwood  used  formaking 
light  boxes.  Aff.  -aio,  manager  of  a  -a ; 
-etta,  dim. 

Cascino  m.  •  mould  for  shaping  cheeses. 

Cascio  m. ;  i.  =  Cacio,  cheese.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Tramezzi,  shifting-boards.  3.  a  frame  used  in 
paper-making. 

Casci-dtto  or  -notto  m.  ;  (faferm.)  a  large 
trough  in  which  the  materials  are  bleached. 

Casciu  m.;  =  Cacciu,  catechu. 

Casco  m.  (A)  (Span,  casco,  skull, 
potsherd,  coat  of  an  onion,  also  a  casque 
or  helmet ;  the  orig.  sense  is  husk, 
cp.  Span,  cascara,  rind ;  the  Span,  casco 
is  from  Span,  cascar,  to  burst  open, 
formed,  as  if  from  **yuassfcare,  from 
an  extension  of  L.  guassare,  to  break, 
burst);  helmet,  casque. 

(B)  (It.  cascare);  fall. 

(C)  adj.  (L.  casms) ;  decrepit. 

Cdscola/  (dim.  of  Span,  casca,  bark, 
husk) ;  a  variety  of  wheat  producing 
straw  suitable  for  plaiting,  Triticum 
aesti'vum. 

Cascoli  m.  pi. ;  grapes  that  have 
not  set  well. 

Caseggiato  m. ;  group  of  scattered 
houses. 

17—2 


132 


CASELLA— CASSON  E 


Casell-a  /  (dim.  Casa) ;  I.  pigeon- 
hole. 2.  (hot.)  compartment  in  a  pod. 
3.  small  square  on  ruled  paper.  4.  i>. 
Caselle. 

*i.  =  Casetta,  little  house,  ii.  =  Celletta,  bee-cell, 
iii.  =  Cappa  (5).  iv.  =  Carella.  v.  Far  -e  per  apporsi, 
=  Tirar  su  le  calze,  v.  Cal/a  (4). 

Casellante  m. ;  man  in  charge  of  a 
section  of  railway. 

Casellario  m. ;  set  of  pigeon-holes. 

Caselle  /  //. ;  at  the  game  of  Corda  (v.  Corda 
12)=  Regoletti  che  fanno  parte  della  Cartella,  v. 
Cartella  (17). 

Casellina/;  dim.  Casella. 

*  Casellino  ?«.;  =  Casellina,  esf.  compartment 
from  which  a  horse  started  in  the  riderless  races. 

Casentino;  a  district  of  Tuscany  including  the 
upper  valley  of  the  Arno, 

*Caseow.  (L.);  i.  curds  of  milk.     ii.  cheese. 

Caser^ccio  or  Casare'ccio  ;  =  Casa- 
lingo,  homely. 

Cas&rma/;  barrack. 

Etym.  Cofftt.  Fr.  caserne,  Provenc.  cmfrn,  the 
«  being  changed  in  Italian  into  m  under  the  influence 
of  arme.  The  origin  of  the  word  is  probably  either 
as  Diez  thinks  <  casa,  -erna  being  a  suffix  as  in  Ca- 
verna,  or  else  <  L.  guaterna,  the  barrack  having 
originally  been  a  mere  shelter  for  four  men. 

Casermiere  m. ;  barrack  inspector. 

Caserna/;  (mar.)  log-board. 
Casetta_X;  dim,  vezz.  Casa,  house. 
Casettaccio  m,  •  fegg.  Casetto. 
Casettina  f. ;  svb-dim.  Casa,  house. 
Casetto  in. ;  dim.  Caso,  adventure. 
Casicciolay:;  dim.  Casa,  house. 

Casi6r-e  ;«., -a/ ;  caretaker.  *ser- 
vant. 

Casiglian-o  »/.,  -a/;  i.  fellow-lodger. 

2.  in  relation  to  the  landlord,  tenant. 

•Casile  m. :  =  Casipola,  hovel. 

Casim-tra  or  -irra,  fop.  Cascimirra  f.  ; 
kerseymere,  a  kind  of  woollen  stuff  so  called  from 
its  place  of  first  origin,  Kersey  in  Suffolk. 

Casimisdei  or  Squismodei  m.  pi. ; 

affectations,  fuss,  v.  Squasimodeo. 

Casina/;  dim.  vezz.  Ca=a,  house. 
Casinaccio  m.\  pegg.  Casino. 

Casfno  m.  (dim.  Casa);  i.  country- 
house.  2.  club.  3.  brothel. 

*i.  =Casina.  ii.  sentry-box,  tu'i.  stall  at  a 
theatre,  tiv.  =  Cascino. 

Cas-fpola  or  -upola  /  (dim.  Casa) ; 
hovel. 

Casisshno;  II  — ,  the  very  thing 
wanted. 

Casista  m. ;  i.  casuist.  2.  one  who 
sees  dangers  everywhere. 

Casistica/;  casuistry. 

Caso  m.  (L.);    i.  chance.     2.   case. 

3.  possibility,  means,  in  a  sentence  of 
negative  character;  Vedi  se  c'  e  —  di 
indurvelo,  see  if  there  is  any  possibility 
of  inducing  him  to  agree.     4.  A  —  pen- 
sato,   of    set   purpose;    A  —   vergine, 
without  having  time  to  consider.    5.  Far 
— ,  to  surprise  ;  Ti  fa  — ?,  does  it  sur- 
prise   you?    Far    -  -    di,    to    consider 
important ;    Fa  • —  di  tutto,  he  makes 
a  fuss  about  everything.     6.   Sonare  a 
— ,  to  ring  the  bell  of  the  Misericordia 
loudly  for  some  serious  accident. 

*drop,  fall.     Far  — ,  to  drop.     D.  Par.  14.  4. 

Casoar,  Casoario  or  Casuario  ni.  (Malay 
word) ;  cassowary,  Casuariits. 

*Casocciay;;  aiigm.  pegg.  Casa,  house. 

Casolano  ;  a  variety  of  apple,  from  Casoli,  a 
village  in  the  Abbruzzi. 


Casolare  m.  (L.  casula,  dim.  of 
casa,  cottage);  i.  isolated  cottage. 
2.  hamlet. 

Cas6na/ ;  augm.  Casa,  esp.  wealthy 
house  of  business. 

Cas6ne  m.  (A)  (augm.  Casa);  i.  large 
ugly  house,  block  building.  2.  at  Flo- 
rence, the  hospital  of  Montedomini. 

(B)  i.q.  Casista  (2). 

Cas6sO;  anxious,  timid,  v.  Caso  (5). 

Cas&ttayi ;  rather  large  house. 

Casottaio  m. ;  gate-keeper  at  a 
railway  level-crossing. 

Casottino    m.  •     i.     dim.    Casotto. 

2.  water  or  seed  place  attached  to  a 
bird-cage. 

Casbtto  m.  (dim.  Casa);  i.  sentry- 
box,  kiosque.  2.  shepherd's  hut,  rail- 
way linesman's  hut,  or  the  like.  3.  (mar.} 
cuddy;  --  del  timone,  wheel-house; 
-  sul  panco  di  comando,  hurricane- 
house. 

Casp-ita  -itere'tta  -iterlna ;  variants 
of  Capperi. 

Cassa  f.  (L.  capsa<.capid);  i.  box, 
case,  cupboard;  Gran  — ,  or  as  one 
word,  Grancassa,  big  drum.  2.  coffin. 

3.  beehive.      4.   interior  of  a  carriage 
where  the  occupants  sit.     5.  type-case. 
6.  socket  of  the  hip-joint  or  of  the  teeth, 
brain  cavity,  etc.     7.  — d' artiglieria,= 
=  Affusto,  gun-carriage.     8.  stock  of  a 
gun.     9.    cashier's   desk;    Piccola    — , 
petty  cash  book  ;  Vuoto  di  — ,  embezzle- 
ment  by   a   cashier;    Ufficio  — ,  cash 
department;    Far  — ,  to  save  money; 
Fondo  di  — ,  cash  reserve;  Per  pronta 
— ,  for  ready  cash;  Resto  di  — ,  cash 
balance ;    it    may   be   noted   that    the 
English  word  "cash,"<  Fr.  fosse,  origi- 
nally meant  cash-box.     10.  Batter  la  — 
addosso  a  uno,  to  beat  him ;  Batter  la 
— ,fig.  to  make  complaints  ;  Gli  editori 
se  non  batton  la  —  non  possono  stare, 
newspaper-men  cannot  get  on  without 
something  to  complain  of.     n.  Murare 
a  — ,  to  build  by  a  shell,  making  a  wall 
of  concrete  filled  in  between  boards  or 
bricks  on  edge.     12.    --  panca,  or  as 
one  word  Cassapanca,  chest  serving  also 
as  a  seat,  seat-locker.     13.  —  d'  ormeg- 
gio,    mooring    buoy.       14.     (hydraul.) 
caisson. 

*  Cassabanca  ;  v.  Cassapanca. 

Cassaio  m. ;  packing-case  maker. 

*Cassale(It.  casso,  thorax);  mortal. 

*  Cassamadia./ ;  chest  with  a  trough-shaped  lid. 
*Cassamento;  i.  v.  Cassare.    ii.  dismissal  from 

the  army. 

Cassandra/. ;  the  name  is  proverbial 
as  in  English,  but  is  also  used  to  denote 
a  burly  countrywoman. 

Cassandrfno  m. ;  a  Roman  "  mask," 
v.  Maschera.  • 

Cassapanca/;  i.  v.  Cassa  (12). 
2.  spreg.  a  fat,  shapeless  woman. 

Cassare  ( L.  quassare,freq.  oiquatere, 
to  shake,  combined  with  the  influence 
of  L.  cassus,  empty;  cp.  E.  *cass,  v. 


Skeat,  sub  Cashier)  ;  i.  to  erase.     2.  to 
quash.     3.  to  strike  off  the  rolls. 

*  i.    to   cleanse,      ii.    to   dismiss   from   the  army. 
iii.    to  calm  (a   tempest),      iv.    to  stumble,      v.    to 
break,     vi.  =  Cascare.     vii.  =  Cacciare. 

•Cassaro;  v.  Cassero. 
tCassardla/!;  =  Cazzarola,  saucepan. 

Cassaticcio  m.  ;  confused  alteration 
in  a  MS. 

Cassat6io  in.  ;  knife  for  scratching 
out,  eraser. 

Cassatura  /  ;  erasure. 

Cassazi6ne/  ;  Corte  di  —  ,  court  of 
criminal  appeal. 

Casser^tto  m.  ;  (mar.)  poop.  —  di 
poppa,  round-house. 

Cassero  m.  (Span,  alcazar,  from  an 
Arabic  word  meaning  "castle")  ;  i.  for- 
tified  tower.     2.    (mar.)   quarter-deck  ; 
—  centrale,  bridge. 

*  Casserolayl;  i.q.  Cassarola. 

*Cassese  m.  ;  a  word  used  by  Boccaccio,  of  un- 
known meaning  ;  possibly,  sedate  person. 

Cass<Stt-a/;  i.  dim.  Cassa.  2.  drawer. 
3.  box  with  a  slit  in  the  lid  for  papers, 
etc.  4.  cash-box.  Prov.  II  guadagno 
va  dietro  alia  —  ,  said  on  selling  an 
article  for  a  less  price  than  that  at  which 
it  was  bought.  5.  letter-box.  6.  box 
of  a  stage  coach  ;  Sapere  stare,  or  star 
bene,  a  —  ,  to  be  a  good  coachman. 
7.  boot  of  a  stage  coach.  8.  dust-pan. 
9.  -  -  del  fuoco,  or  pe'  piedi,  foot- 
warmer. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ata  drawerfull  or 
as  much  as  will  fill  a  Cassetta  of  any 
kind,  -fna  or  -ino  dim. 

Cass^tto  m.  ;  drawer  of  a  cabinet. 

Cassett6n-e  m.  ;  i.  chest  of  drawers. 
2.  (anr^.)  =  Formella,  compartment  of 
a  ceiling.  3.  raised  flower-bed.  Ajf. 
-ci'no,  dim. 

Cassia  f.  ;  (hot.)  as   E.,  the  senna  genus  of 
plants,  71.  Sena  (B).     —  poetica,  =Ginestrella,  poets' 
cassia.     Dare  1'  erba  —  ,  or  la  cura  dell*  erba  —  , 
scherz.  to  dismiss,  v.  Cassare. 
tCassiare  ;  =  Cassare,  to  erase. 

*  Cassiccio  ;«.;  receiving  box  of  a  mill  into  which 
the  flour  falls. 

•Casside/  (L.);  helmet. 

Cassi6r-e  w.,  -a/  ;  cashier. 


Cassilaggine  f.  ;  (&>/.)  =  Giusquiamo  bianco, 
henbane. 

Cassiligneayl;  (hot.)  Ceylon  cinnamon-tree. 

Cassin-ense  or  -£se;  Benedictine,  of  Monte 
Cassino. 

Cassfn-o  m.  (dim.  Cassa);  i.  small 
dust-cart.  2.  shape,  for  cheese-making. 
3.  board  made  of  beech-wood  ;  —  del 
carro,  planking  placed  upright  in  a  cart 
for  transporting  sand,  etc.  4.  in  an  ear 
of  corn,  sheath  for  each  grain.  5.  -i  di 
lana,  =  Borra  di  lana,  wool  for  stuffing. 

*  Casso  (L.)  ;  i.  dismissed,  deprived,  destitute  of. 
As  sb.  :  ii.  the  thorax,  iii.  opening  in  clothes,  upon 
the  chest,  iv.  breast-piece  of  the  Roman  lorica. 
v.  =  Cassero,  fort. 

Cassdla/!;  (chem.)  platinum  evaporating  dish. 

Casson-accio/^p-.,  -cello,  -cino  dims,  of  -e. 

Cassonada  /.  ;  brown  sugar,  also  termed 
Moscovada. 

Cass6n-e  m.  (augm.  Cassa);  i.  large 
case  for  transporting  flour,  etc.  2.  Roba 
del  —  ,  old  goods;  Prediche  del  —  , 
commonplace,  stock  sermons.  3.  (hy- 
draul.)  caisson.  4.  (mar.)  locker;  -i 


CASSULA— CATALUFFA 


133 


dell'  equipaggio,  bag-racks.  5.  (mil.} 
limber  box.  6.  (mar.)  straggler,  slow 
vessel. 

•Andare,  Mandare  al  — ,  to  die,  kill.  Af.  -£tto 
dim. 

Cassula;  v.  Capsuta. 

Cassuta ;  v.  Cuscuta. 

Casta  /. ;  caste.  A  Portuguese  term  from  L. 
casttts,  pure. 

Castagn-a/  (L.  castanea) ;  i.  chest- 
nut. Varieties:  (a) — amaraorsalvatica, 
horse  chestnut;  (6)  — domestica,  Spanish 
chestnut ;  (c)  —  d'  acqua,  di  padule,  or 
cornuta,  water  chestnut,  the  fruit  of  the 
water  caltrops,  Trapa  natans,  also 
termed  Tribolo  acquatico;  (d)  —  di 
terra,  pig-nut,  the  fruit  of  Bunium 
flexuosunr,  also  termed  Terra  noce  ; 
(e)  —  di  terra  minuta,  the  fruit  of 
Cyperus  esculenius,  v.  Babbagigi.  2.  -e 
secche,  chestnuts  roasted  and  peeled. 
3.  pawl,  the  catch  of  a  winch  to  prevent 
the  wheel  from  turning  in  the  reverse 
direction.  4.  Fare  -e,  to  snap  the 
fingers.  5.  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sci- 
arranno  (3). 

Castagnaccia/I;  pe%g.  Castagna. 
Castagnacciaio  m. ;  vendor  of  Castagnacci. 

Castagnaccio  m. ;  a  chestnut  cake, 
made  of  chestnut  flour  and  water,  with 
pieces  of  almond  or  walnut  added,  and 
cooked  in  oil. 

Castagnena/  ;  a  species  of  mullet, 
Mullus  imberbis. 

Castagne'to  ;«. ;  chestnut  copse. 

Castagne'tt-a  / ;  i.  dim.  -vezz.  Cas- 
tagna. 2.  in//.,  castanets,  //.far.  Nacchere. 
3.  Battere  le  -e,  of  horses,  to  strike  the 
feet  in  trotting. 

Castagnino  /«.;  a  game  similar  to 
Nocino,  played  with  chestnuts.  As  adj., 
chestnut-coloured. 

Castagno>«. ;  chestnut-tree,  Castanea 
vesca,  or  its  timber.  —  d'  India,  horse 
chestnut  tree,  Aesculus  hippocastanum. 
As  adj.,  chestnut-coloured. 

Castagn61-a  / ;  i.  petard  in  fire- 
works. 2.  (mar.)  cleat.  3.  grunter 
(fish),  Sparits  chromis,  locally  termed 
Fabbro,  Favaretto.  Aff.  (in  sense  2) 
-e"tta  dim. 

Castagnole'ta  f.;  chestnut  plantation, 
v.  Palina. 

Castagnblo  m. ;  i.  young  chestnut 
tree.  2.  batten  of  chestnut  wood.  3.35 
adj.,  chestnut-coloured ;  Fico  — ,  brown 
fig- 

t  =Castagnola,  grunter  (fish). 

*  Castagnone    m. ;    i.    big   chestnut.      U.    big, 
awkward  man. 

Castagnucciay;;  spreg,  Castagna. 
Castalda/;;  stewardess  in  a  nunnery. 
'Castaldellay:;  small  fast  boat. 

*  C  as  talderia  f. ;  =±  Fattoria,  steward's  office. 
'Castaldione  w. ;  =  Castaldo. 
*Castaldire;  to  administer. 

Castaldo  or  Gastaldo  m.\  i.  in  the 
Lombard  kingdom,  the  administration 
of  the  royal  demesnes.  2.  steward  in 
a  nobleman's  household.  3.  rural  con- 
stable. 

Etym.  mlt.  gastaldus,  prefect,  probably <cast, 
the  stem  of  castellum,  dint,  of  L.  ceatrum,  with  a 
Germanic  suffix  which  was  either  aid,  mlt.  aldins, 


minister,  or  wait,  cp.  Germ,  waltcn,  to  manage. 
Walt  in  composition  is  often  contracted  into  alt  or 
aid.  cf.  Arnald. 

i.  mule-driver,  ii.  messenger,  commissioner. 
iii.  =Fattore,  manager, 

Castalia  f.  ;  the  fountain  at  the  foot  of  Par- 
nassus. 

Castamente;  chastely. 

Castella;  Castile,  in  Spain. 

Castellaccio  m.  ;  i.  spreg.  Castello.  2.  ruined 
castle. 

*  Castellame   m.  ',    (mil.)  wooden   tower   borne 
upon  an  elephant. 

Castellan-o  m,  ;  commander  of  a  castle.  As 
adj.,  belonging  to  a  castle.  Aff.  -a  wife,  -la  office, 
of  -o. 

*Castellare  m.\  i.  ruined  castle,     ii.  as  vb.,  to 
encamp. 

*  Castellata_/?;  wine-measure  shaped  like  a  long 
cask. 

*Castellato;  (galley)  provided  with  "castles." 

Castelle'tt-o  m.\  i.  dim.  Castello; 
Fare  -i,  to  build  castles  in  the  air. 
2.  credit  register  kept  at  a  bank  of  the 
amounts  up  to  which  the  customers  are 
entitled  to  overdraw.  3.  schedule  of 
the  gamesters'  ventures  in  the  public 
lotteries,  together  with  the  amounts  they 
stand  to  win.  4.  a  kind  of  frame  used 
by  goldsmiths. 

Castellina/;  i.  pile  of  walnuts, 
usu.  Cappa.  2.  pile  of  plates,  books,  etc. 
*=CastelIetto. 

Cast^ll-o  m.,  with  pi.  m.  -i,  or  /  -a 
(L.  castellum,  dim.  dtcastrum)  ;  I.  castle. 
2.  village.  3.  hoisting  apparatus  for 
heavy  weights.  4.  pile  driver.  5.  {mil. 
hist.)  wooden  besieging  tower.  6.  — 
de;  bachi  da  seta,  frame  used  in  breeding 
silkworms.  7.  (mar.)  —  di  prua,  fore- 
castle ;  —  di  poppa,  =  Cassero,  quarter- 
deck. 8,  water  tower.  9.  frame,  e.g.  for 
the  works  of  a  watch,  or  the  light  in  a 
lamp.  10.  stage  of  a  puppet  show. 
1  1.  (arch.)  capital.  12.  -i  di  fibbie,  d'aghi, 
ecc.,  a  given  number,  dozen,  gross,  etc., 
of  the  articles  in  question.  13.  in  oil 
pressing,  pile  of  olive  baskets  placed 
one  on  the  top  of  the  other  under  the 
screw. 

Castell6tto  m,  ;  angm.  Castello.  t  inhabitant 
of  a  castle. 

Castellucciaccio  nt.\  pegg.  Castelluccio. 

Castelluccio  m.\  dim.  spreg.  Castello. 
*i.  =Dispensa.     ii.    (art  t  km.)  an  old  method  of 
multiplication. 

Castelvetrare  ;  to  criticise  like  Castelvetro 
(1505—7')- 

*Casteria./I;  (mar.)  storeroom  for  oars,  etc. 

Castigare;  v.  Gastigare. 

Castigate  ;  very  correct  (style  of  speech). 

CastigHa./;  Castile,  in  Spain. 

Castigliano  m.  ;  a  Spanish  gold  coin,  about 
i3/-- 

'Castiglione  >«.;  =  CastelIetto. 

Castigo;  v.  Gastigo. 

Castimdnia  f.\  sanctimonious  chastity. 

Castina  /.  ;  i.  an  alkaloid  from  the  seeds  of 
Vitex  agnvs  castus.  2.  carbonate  of  lime  used  in 
metallurgy  as  a  flux. 

Castita  f.\  chastity. 

Casto  (L.);  chaste.  As  sb.,  =  Ag- 
nocasto. 

Castdne  m.  (Fr.  ckaton,<Q.U.G. 
kasto,  holder,  >  Germ.  Kasteri}  ;  bezel 
of  a  ring,  the  part  which  holds  the 
stone. 

Cast6rchia;  v.  Castrica. 

Castore  m.\  i.  (mar.)  —  e  Poliuce,  St  Elmo's 
fire.  2.  (min.  )  a  kind  of  felspar. 

Castoreo  m.  ;  castor,  a  secretion  of  the  beaver. 


Castdro    m.    (L.  <  Gr. 
Oriental  origin)  ;  beaver. 


of 


Castracane  in.  \  (bot^)  viper's  grass,  Scorzonera 


Castracani  ;«,;  i.  one  who  castrates  dogs,  etc. 
2.  pop.  for  an  indifferent  surgeon,  also  for  a  poor 
blunt  sort  of  knife. 

Castrametazidne  /. ;  castrametation,  art  or 
act  of  encamping. 

Castrapor-celli  or  -ci  »/.;  =  Castracani  (2). 

*  =Norcino,  swine  gelder. 
Castrapulci  m.\  wretched  little  knife. 
Castrare  (L.);  to  castrate.    —  le  castagne,  to 

slit  chestnuts  before  roasting.     *to  prune. 

Castrat&llo  m,\  beardless  effeminate  youth. 
*Castratinay:;  salted  mutton. 

Castrato  m. ;  i.  mutton,  properly 
a  wether  killed  for  food.  2.  eunuch. 

Castr-at6io,  castrating  knife,  -at6re,  -atura; 
v.  Castrare. 

Castrense  (L.);  of  a  camp.  As  law  term, 
Peculio  — ,  or  quasi  — ,  savings  made  by  a  soldier 
or  by  the  practice  of  a  liberal  profession,  over  which 
the  owner  had  free  testamentary  powers. 

Castrica  or  Castorchia_/:;  =  Averla,  shrike. 
*CastrimagiayC  (Gr.);  gluttony. 

Castrino  m. ;  i.  knife  for  slitting  chestnuts. 
a.  any  inferior  kind  of  knife. 

*i.  castrated  kid.     ii.  =Stabbiolo,  pigsty. 

*  Castro  w.;  i.  =  Stalluccio,  pigsty,   ii.  =Castel!o. 
iii,  =  Ripostiglio,  repository,  drawer. 

*  Castrohca  ;  v.  Carappo. 

Castrdn-ay;,  -accio  ;«.,  Pegg.  -aggine  /C, 
stupidity,  -cello  m.,  dim,  -cino  m.,  dim.  vezz.\ 
v.  Castrone. 

Castrdne  m. ;  i.  castrated  colt  or  wether, 
2.  blockhead. 

*i.  mal  del  — ,  catarrh,  fii-  in  //.,  chestnuts 
boiled  in  their  shells. 

Castroneria^/I;  stupidity. 

Castruccino  m. ;  a  coin  struck  by  Castruccio 
Castracani  at  Lucca. 

*  Castruccio;  i.   Ricordarsi  del  mantello  di  — , 
to  resign  oneself  to  God's  will.     ii.  =  Ripostiglio, 
drawer. 

*Castrugiare;  =  Svettare,  to  lop. 
Casual-e,  -ita,  -m6nte;  casual,  etc. 
Casuario  m.\  cassowary,  v.  Casoar. 
Casu-ccia  dim.,  -cciaccia  or  -cola  spreg. ,  of 
Casa. 

"Casulay:;  i.  =Pianeta,  chasuble,  ii.  (anat.) 
pericardium. 

*Casuolo  /«.;  =  Cazza,  crucible. 
Casupola/i;  v.  Casipola,  hut. 
*Casuro;  about  to  fall. 

Cataclism-a  or  -o  m.  ((Jr.  icAv^w,  to  dash); 
cataclysm. 

Catacbmba  f.  (late  L.  catacumbas,  prob.  a 
proper  name  of  the  place  where  the  first  catacomb 
was  made,  v.  Murray,  New  E.  Diet.,  sub  Catacomb); 
catacomb,  sepulchral  tunnel. 

Catacresi  f.  (Gr.  Karaxp^tris,  misuse);  a  bold 
metaphor. 

Catacusticay;;  science  of  sound-reflection. 
*Catadupa_/C  (Gr.  Kara,  Souiro?,  thud);  cataract. 

Catafalco  m.  (etym.  tmkn.,  v,  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Scaffold);  i.  catafalque, 
a  wooden  structure  representing  a  tomb 
adorned  with  sculptures,  or  paintings, 
used  in  funeral  solemnities.  2.  stand 
for  spectators. 

Catafascio  (hybrid  <  Gr.  Kara,  in 
sense  "against,"  and  It.  fascio) ;  in  the 
phrase  A  catafascio,  higgledy-piggledy. 

Cataforayi;  (med.)  morbid  somnolency. 
*CatafrattayC  (Gr.  *aTa^pa«T7Js,  coat  of  mail); 
i.  complete  suit  of  armour,     ii.  cuirass. 

Catafratto  ;  completely  armoured. 
fCatagli61o  m. ;  wooden  platter. 

Catagl6sso  m.  ;  (surg.)  clip  for  holding  the 
tongue. 

Catalessi  or  Catalessiay?;  catalepsy. 

Catalettico  (A)  (Gr.  (taraATjTiTiicos);  cataleptic. 
(B)  (Gr.  KaraATjicTtKoO ;  catalectic  (verse). 

'Cataletto  m.  (Gr.  KO.TO.  and  It.  letto);  am- 
bulance car. 

Catalisiy^;  (chem.)  catalysis,  chemical  change 
induced  by  the  presence  of  a  body  which  does  not 
itself  change. 

Catalog-are  vb.  -h6tto  or  -hfno  dims.;  v.  -o. 

Catal6gna/!;  a  kind  of  rough  blanket. 

Catalogno  (from  the  name  of  the  province 
whence  it  came);  Gelsomino  — ,  (bot.)  Jasminum 
grandifloriim, 

Catalog-o  m.  (L.  <Gr.);  catalogue.  Aff. 
-uccio  dim,  spreg, 

*Catalone  adv.;  quietly. 

Catalpa  f.  (American -Indian  word);  (bot.) 
catalpa  tree. 

*CatalurTay:;  Venetian  brocade. 


134 


CATALUZZO— CAUSA 


tCataluzzo  m.  ;  v.  Corifena. 

*Catanay^;  Japanese  dagger,     t  game-bag. 

*Catanicchio;  =  Batocchio,  stick. 

Catap^cchia  /  (perhaps<Gr.  icara- 
7rr/£,  a  post  fixed  in  the  ground) ;  I.  ruin- 
ous hovel.  2.  wild,  remote  place.  3.  fig. 
difficulty,  awkward  situation. 

Cataplasm-a  or  -o  m.  (Gr.);  i.  (med.)  cata- 
plasm. 2.  fig.  tiresome  person. 

Catapulta  f.  (L.,<Gr.  KaTaTre'Anjs) ;  catapult. 

Catapiizia  or  Catapuzza  f.  (L.  catapotium, 
pill);  i.  a  name  for  two  plants  with  aperient  pro- 
perties, the  caper  spurge,  Euphorbia  lathyris,  and 
the  castor  oil  plant.  2.  —  minima,  least  spurge, 
Euphorbia  pephts,  also  termed  Porcellana  lattaria. 

Cataraffa/?;  (mar.)  horsing  iron,  a  special  form 
of  caulking  iron,  also  termed  Patarassa. 
*CatarattayC  ;  =  Cateratta,  sluice. 

Catarday?;  (mar.)  temporary  seizing. 
fCatarei  m.  ;=Battello  da  verdura,  bumboal. 

Catarr-O  m,  (Gr.  Kardppoos,  <  Kara, 
down,  pew,  to  flow);  catarrh.  Avere 
j|  —  di  alcuna  cosa,  to  believe  oneself 
competent  for  it. 

AJf.  -ale,  -one  person  with  a  catarrh,  -oso. 
Catarsiayl;  (med.)  catharsis.     Aff.  Catartico. 

Catarzo  m.  (akin  to  Gr.  Kadapans) ; 
coarse  silk.  *dirt,  offal,  which  was  the 
original  meaning. 

*Catasciamito  m. ;  a  superior  kind  of  velvet. 

*Catascopio  m. ',  fast  ship,  for  carrying  letters. 

Catasta  /  (L.,<Gr.  Karaorao-1?) ; 
i.  a  measure,  varying  according  to 
locality,  of  wood  for  burning;  Legno 
da  — ,  firewood.  2.  fig.  blockhead. 

3.  scherz.   Pezzo   da    — ,   tall   person. 

4.  heap  of  any  kind  in  which  the  com- 
ponent parts  are  objects  of  a  certain 
size  not  loose  sand  or  earth.     5.  wooden 
grid  for  torturing  a  person  by  placing 
fire  underneath.    6.  a  kind  of  pillory,  or 
a  stand  for  exposing  a  slave  for  sale. 
7.  Sonare  a  —  ,  =  Bastonare,  to  beat. 

Catastabile ;  proper  to  be  entered  on  the 
register. 

Catastale  ;  belonging  to  the  register. 
*Catastare  ;  =  Accatastare,  to  survey. 

Catasto  m.  (prob.<**capitastrum, 
for  mlt.  capitularium,  register,  cp.  Fr. 
cadastre,  old  Fr.  capdastre) ;  \.  register 
of  real  property  for  taxation.  2.  registry 
office.  3-  land  tax.  *assembly  of  friars. 

Catastrofe/  (Gr.);  catastrophe. 
*Catauno  ;  =  Ciascuno,  each. 

Catech-ismo,  -ista,  -istico,  -izzare,  -izza- 
t6re;  catechism,  etc.  Etyin.  L;  <  Gr.  KaTTjx'-f"', 
lengthened  form  of  KaTJ)xe'wi  to  din  into  one's  ears, 
<fao*,  ringing  in  the  ears. 

Catecu  m.  (Cochmchmese  word);  catechu,  an 
extract  from  the  Acacia  catechu. 

Cateciimen-o  m.,  -a/  (Gr.);  catechumen. 
Categor-ia  (Gr.);  as  E.     AJf.  -icamente,  -ico. 
Catelanow. ;  Catalan  plum.     *  Catalan  cloak. 
*  Catella  f. ;  young  bitch,    t  =  Bandolo. 
•Catellano;  greedy. 

Catello  m. ;  (papentt.)  a  wooden  pin  forming 
part  of  the  pulping  apparatus,     'puppy. 
.   *Catellon,  Catellone  adv. ;  very  quietly. 

Catena/  (L);  i.  chain.  2.  tie-iron, 
truss-rod.  3.  a  strengthening  rod  in 
the  body  of  a  violin. 

Catenacc^tto  m. ;  dint.  Catenaccio. 
Catenaccia/I;  pegg.  Catena. 

Catenaccio  m. ;  bolt.  *deep  scar 
in  the  face. 

Catenaria/7;  catenary  curve. 

CatenellayC;  i.  dim.  Catena.  2.  stitching  of 
a  shoe  round  the  heel.  3.  (bookb.)  a  mode  of  stitching 
the  sheets. 

Catenello  m.;  crosspiece  of  a  palisade. 

Caten-ina  dim.,  -ona  -6ne  migms.,  -uccia 
pcgg.;  i'.  Catena. 

Catera/.  (etym.  unkn.);  i.  almond 


eaten  green.  2.  pop.  for  Caterina;  Tant'  e 
Betta  che  —  ,  prov.  of  two  proceedings 
either  of  which  will  produce  the  same 
result;  Esser  per  uno  tanto  Betta  che 
—  ,  when  two  very  different  things  are 
alike  to  him. 

Cateratta  (Cataratta)  /  (L.  <Gr. 
KaTappaK-njs);  i.  sluice.  2.  sluicegate. 
3.  cataract.  4.  =Saracinesca,  portcullis. 
5.  shutter  of  a  shop  window. 

*i.  shutter  of  a  rat-trap,  ii.  =Bodola,  trap-door. 
iii.  =Abbaino,  sky-light,  iv.  in//.,  magical  charac- 
ters. 

Caterattaio  m.  ;  sluice.  minder. 

Cateratt-ina  dim.,  -6ne  augm.;  v.  Cateratta. 
*Catere  m.;  urn. 

Caterina  f.\  as  excl.,  —  di  Giovanni,  a  mode 
of  signifying  success  beyond  all  expectation.  Lp 
prego,  ma  si,  Caterina  di  Giovanni,  he  asked  for  it 
and,  lo  and  behold  !  he  got  it. 

Cateriniano  ;  relating  to  St  Catherine  of  Siena. 

Caterva/?;  i.  (Rom.  hist.)  corps  of  Gaulish  or 
other  foreign  troops.  2.  spref.  any  crowd  of  people. 
*Cateta  m.  ;=Lenza,  fishing  line. 

Catetere  m.  (Gr.  Kaflenjp);  (safy.)  catheter. 


Cat&to  m.  ;  (geom.)  i.  side  of  a 
right-angled  triangle.  2.  imaginary  per- 
pendicular down  the  axis  of  a  column. 

Catilinaria./;  invective,  from  Cicero's  attacks 
on  Catiline. 

•Catina/;  alkali. 
Catinaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  Catino. 
Catinaio  ;//.  ;  hawker  of  crockery.     *potter. 

Catin£ll-a  f.  ;  washing  basin  or  its 
contents.  Piovere  a  -e,  to  rain  in  tor- 
rents. Andar  il  sangue  a  -e,  to  have 
one's  blood  pouring  out  by  bucketfuls, 
i.e.  to  be  in  desperate  straits,  but  the 
phrase  is  generally  used  still  more  fig., 
•viz.  to  feel  great  grief  and  annoyance. 

Catinellata/;  basinful. 
Catinell-etta,  -ina,  dims.  Catinella. 
Catinetto  m.  ;  dim.  Catino. 

Catino  m.  (L.);  I.  bowl,  basin  or 
its  contents;  Trovare  il  diavolo  nel  —  , 
to  come  late  and  find  dinner  all  eaten. 
2.  hollow  in  the  mountains.  3.  (anat.) 
pelvis.  4.  receiver  for  molten  metal 
from  a  furnace. 

*i.  Aver  le  budella  in  un  —  ,  to  be  greatly 
frightened,  ii.  place  in  a  building  for  the  cupola. 
iii.  As  adj.,  blue. 

*  Catinozza/T;  tub  for  salt  meat. 
*Cato  m.  =  Cacciu,  catechu  gum. 
*Cato(L.  calus);  clever. 

*Catoblepa  m.  (L.);  animal  whose  look  was 
poison. 

Catodo  m.\  negative  pole  of  an  electric  battery, 
cathode. 

Catod6nte  in.  ;  =  Capidoglio,  cachalot  whale. 
*Catollo  m.\  fragment  of  rock  or  metal. 

Catena  /.  ;   a  small  town  in   Calabria,  nearly 
opposite  Messina,  mentioned  at  D.   Par.  8.  62. 
Cat6n-e  m.  ;  Cato.     Aff.  -eggiare  -iano. 
Catdrbia  f.\  scherz.  prison,     chokey." 
Etym.  dub.    Apparently  from  ca-tar,  a  Romance 
word  for  "to  see,  "  and  orbo,  "deprived,"^.  Gattabuia. 

Cat6rcio  m.  (mlt.  catuchium<Gr. 
KO.TO\IOV  <C  KaT€^o>)  ;  =  Chiavistello,  bolt. 
*  =  Catorzolo. 

Cat6rzol-0  m.  (var.  and  dim.  of 
Catorcio)  ;  stump  left  by  pruning.  Aff. 
-uto,  knotty. 

*Catotromanzia^;  magic  in  mirrors. 

Catdttrica^/;  science  of  reflections,  catoptrics. 
tCatrafdsso  m.  ;  deep  ravine. 
*Catragimoro  w.  :  —  Capogiro,  dizziness. 

Oatrame  m.  (Arabic  qatrAn,<ka- 
tkara,  to  drip)  ;  tar  or  pitch.  As  a  term 
of  abuse,  Quel  —  di  donna,  that  dis- 
gusting woman. 

Catramela  /.  ;  mixture  of  pitch  and 
tar. 


*Catricola  /.;  palisade. 

Catribsso  m.  (prob.<O.H.G.  cataro, 
>Germ.  Gutter,  lattice,  +  It.  osso); 

1.  bird's  skeleton,  carcase.     2.  fig.  thin 
person. 

tCatrdne  tn. ;  i.q.  Catrafosso,  ravine. 

Catta,  Cattadeddina,  Cattadeddua ;  cxct. 
of  anger  or  astonishment. 

*  Cattabriga  ;  =  Accattabrighe,  quarrelsome  per- 
son. 

Cattadedd-lna,  -ua;  v.  Catta. 

*  Cattano  m.  ;   i.  =  Capitano.      ii.  =  Valvassore, 
vassal. 

*  Cattare  (L.  captare)  ',  to  acquire. 
*Cattatore  m. ;  i.  v.  Cattare.    ii.  =  Accattatore, 

beggar. 

•Cattatorio  ;  illegitimately  obtained  (legacy). 

Cattedra/  (L.  <  Gr.  Ka6(?,pa) ;  pro- 
fessional or  episcopal  chair. 

Cattedrale  ;  adj.  orse.,  cathedral. 

Cattedrante  ;  spreg.,  soi-disant  professor,  pe- 
dant. 

Cattedraticamente  ;  spreg.  with  professional 
airs. 

Cattedratico  ;  i.  professional.  As 
sb. :  2.  professor.  3.  dues  paid  to  a 
bishop. 

Catti;  Di  — ,  v.  Dicatti. 

Cattiv-accio;  peg?.  Cattivo. 
*Cattivaggio  m.;  slavery. 

Cattiv-amente;  adv.  of -o. 
*Cattivanza  f.  •  i.  captivity,    ii.  carelessness, 
iii.  wickedness. 

*  Cattivare ;  i.  to  take  prisoner,  to  subdue,  ii.  An- 
dar cattivando,  to  go  about  begging,     iii.   to  play 
the  rogue. 

Cattivarsi ;  to  win  for  oneself. 

*Cattiveggiare  ;  i.   to  torment  oneself,     ii.   to 
lead  a  bad  life. 

Cattivello ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Cattivo.  2.  as  sb., 
iron  eye  for  hanging  the  clapper  of  a  bell. 

Cattiv-eria  or  -erfa/;  i.  piece  of 
naughtiness.  2.  naughty  disposition. 

Cattiv^zza/  ;  =  Cattiveria. 
Cattivita/ ;  naughty  disposition. 

*i.  cowardice,     ii.   captivity,     iii.  imprisonment, 
iv.  ugliness,     v.  bad  food. 

Cattivo  (Gattivo)  (L.  captivus); 
bad,  naughty. 

*  i.  captive,     ii.  wretched,     iii.  vile.     iv.  crafty. 
Cattleia/;  (but.)  Cattleya,  an  orchid. 

*Catto  ;«.;  =  Cacciii.     As  jart.,  v.  Capere. 

CattOOT.  (A)(L.,<Gr.  itoitTcis, cardoon) ;  cactus, 
also  termed  Cacto. 

*(B);=Cacciu,  gum  catechu. 

*(C)  (L.  catus) ;  (mil.)  shelter  for  besiegers. 

Cattolic-amente,  -esimo,  -ismo,  -itA  ;  v.  -o. 

Catt61ico(L.,<Gr.  KaeoXi«is) ;  catholic. 

Cattura  /  (L.  captura] ;   I.  arrest. 

2.  warrant  for  arrest.     3.  of  property, 
sequestration,  forfeiture. 

Catturare ;  i.  to  arrest.  2.  to 
serve  with  a  police  notice,  11.  Con- 
testare. 

*Catuba  f.;  cymbal.     t=  Tuba,  trumpet. 
*Catulo  m.  (L.);  puppy. 
*Catunp  ;=Ciascnno,  each. 

Caucciu  )>i.  (S.  American  word);  india-rubber, 
itsn.  Gomma  elastica. 

Caudale(L.);  caudal. 

Caudatario  m. ;  train-bearer. 

Caudato  (L.);  with  a  tail. 
*Caudice  in.  (L.  caudex);  stalk. 

Caudisono;  Serpente — ,  rattlesnake. 

Caule  in.  (L.)  ;  stem  of  a  small  plant. 

Caulicoli  (Cavicoli)  ta.pl.;  (arch.) stalks  of  the 
leaves  in  a  Corinthian  capital. 

Caulino  ;  (bot.)  adherent  to  the  stem. 
*Caulo  in.  ;  =  Cavolo,  cabbage. 
*Caulteroso  ;  =  Cautcloso,  cautious. 
*Cauro,  Coro  m.  (L.);  northwest  wind. 

Caus-a  /;    i.    cause.    2.    motive. 

3.  (leg.)  civil  action,    causey  Fare   or 
Muover  — ,  to  commence  an   action ; 


CAUSALE— CAVALLO 


In  —  propria,  for  oneself.     4.    —  pia, 
church  property.     Aff.  -accia,  pegg. 

Etynt.     L,,    perhaps    for    ** catui-tti,    blow,    as 

cause    for   a   legal    action,  <  cudere,   to  strike  ;    for 

cudere,  v.  Skeat,  slit  Hew.      For  sense  (4),  v.  Cosa. 

Causal-e  ;  Ragioni -i,  motives.    As  sir.,  motive. 

Causalitay:;  quality  by  which  a  thing  operates 

as  a  cause. 

Caus-are;  to  cause.    -£tta  f. ;  dim.  Causa  0). 
*Causia  f.  (L.  =  Gr.  itauerta,  sun-hat);   broad- 
brimmed  hat. 

Causidico  >n.\  legal  adviser. 
Caus-ina./;  (leg.)  petty  case.     -6na/;   big 
case. 

tCaussano  ;  v.  Capone  (5,  a). 

Caust-ico  (L.<Gr.  ieau<mic6?,<icaia>,  to  burn); 
caustic.  Aff.  -icita. 

t  Caustello ;  T.  Caostello. 
Causuccia/I;  (leg.)  paltry  case. 
Cautamente :  cautiously. 
*Cautare;  to  insure. 

Cautfcla/ (L.) ;  i.  caution.  2.  (leg.) 
security,  bail,  caution.  3.  A  — ,  for  the 
sake  of  prudence. 

*i.  Ringraziare  a  — .  to  give  thanks  in  anticipa- 
tion, ii.  proof  (of  the  discharge  of  a  debt),  iii.  — 
Malizia,  deceitful  artifice. 

Cautelare  ;  to  secure,  make  safe. 

Cautelativo ;  providing  security. 

CauteriO  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <avrj]pu>v}  ; 
i.  cautery.  2.  sore  produced  by 
caustics.  3.  (melon.)  sickly,  tiresome 
person. 

Cauterizz-are;  to  cauterise.     Aff.  -azione. 

Cauto(L.);  i.  cautious.  2.  secured 
against  loss. 

Cauzi6n-e  /.  (L.);  security,  bail. 
Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Cava/ ;  i.  quarry.     2.  mine. 

*  i.    cave.     ii.    hole.     iii.    den.     iv.    sewer,     v.  = 
Cavea.     vi.  =  Cunicolo. 

Cavabull&tte  m.  indecl. ;  light  pin- 
cers. 

Cavadenti  m.  indecl. ;  tooth-drawer. 

tCavaduzzu  m. ;  —  marinu,  v.  Ippocampo. 
tCavafango  tit.  indecl.  \  =  Bargagno,  dredger. 
*Cavafieno  tn. ;  =  Cavastracci,  charge-extractor. 

Cavafbndo  m.  indecl.  ;=  Bargagno,  dredger. 
*Cavaglione  m.  ;=Cavigltone,  pocket. 

Cavagno  m.  (* 
basket. 

Cavagnudlo  m. ;  basket-muzzle  for  horses. 
t  Cavaiblo  m.',  quarTyman. 
tCaval  m.\  —  marin,  v.  Ippocampo. 

Cavalcabile;  i.  (horse)  suitable  for 
riding.  2.  (road)  passable  on  horseback. 

*  Cavalcante  m.;  i.  rider  guiding  the  first  couple 
of  a  troop  of  horses,    ii.   mounted  groom,     iii.   as 
adj.  =Cavalcabile.     iv.    Campo  — ,  cavalry. 

Cavalc-are  (bit.  caballicare) ;  to  ride. 

*i.  to  make  a  foray.  ii.  to  bestride.  iii.  - 
Signoreggiare,  to  domineer.  iv.  in  speaking,  to 
aim  at.  v.  Cui  buon  volere  e  giusto  amor  cavalca, 
who  are  guided  by  desires  and  love  of  the  right 
kind,  D.  Pure.  18.  96.  vi.  to  occupy  (an  office), 
vii.  Cavalcar  la  capra  di,  or  simply,  Cavalcare,  to 
impose  upon  a  person's  credulity ;  Gli  facevan  —  la 
capra  delle  maggiori  scioccezze  del  mondo,  made  him 
believe  the  greatest  nonsense  (Boccaccio,  Decam.). 
viii.  —  il  fosso,  to  bestride  the  ditch,  i.e.  sit  on  both 
sides  of  the  fence,  belong  to  both  parties,  ix.  — 
alia  stradiotta,  to  travel  lightly  equipped,  x.  Pr0v., 
Barca,  perdita  cavalca,  lit.  go  in  a  ship,  loss  rides 
after,  i.e.  marine  enterprise  is  risky,  xi.  —  il  mare, 
to  plough  the  sea.  xii.  -ato,  exhausted. 

*Cavalcareccio;  (ground)  suitable  for  riding. 

Cavalcar6sc-o;  Sella  -a,  good  saddle. 

Cavalcata  /. ;  i .  ride,  excursion  on 
horseback.  2.  foray.  3.  cavalcade. 

*i.  feudal  obligation  to  provide  mounted  troops, 
ii.  feudal  right  to  ride  in  a  locality,  iii.  travelling 
expenses  paid-tp  a  doctor  or  the  like. 

*  Cavalcatoto  in. ;  =  Montatoio,  mounting  block. 


*cavaneus<  L.  ca-vus) ; 


Cavalca- tore  m.,  -trice/;  rider. 

Cavalcatura  /  ;  i.  riding-horse  or 
other  mount.  2.  cost  of  hiring  a  mount. 

Cavalcavfa  /  ;  arch  or  bridge  be- 
tween two  houses  on  opposite  sides  of 
a  street 

•Cavalchereccio;   i.    capable  of  being  ridden, 
ii.  =  ('avalleresco.     iii.    dressed  for  riding. 

*  C  avalcheresco ;  =  Cavalleresco. 
*Cavalciare  (pegg.  or  spreg.  of  Cavalcare);  to 

bestride  awkwardly. 

Cavalci6n-e  or  -i ;  =  Accavalcioni, 
astride. 

*  Cavalgrifone  m. ;  hippogriff,  winged  horse. 

*  Cavaliera  f.\  wife  or  daughter  of  a  Cavaliere. 

Cavalierato  m.  \  knighthood. 

Cayali6r-e  m.  (It.  cavallo);  i.  rider. 
2.  knight,  chevalier  of  some  Order, 
•v.  Ordine.  3.  -  -  del  dente,  scherz. 
spreg.  spunger,  toady.  4.  -  -  d'  in- 
dustria,  (a)  fortune-hunter,  (/>)  sharper. 

5.  —   servente,   Gentleman-in-waiting. 

6.  gentleman.      7.    knight,    at    chess. 
8.  (mil.)  trooper.    9.  partner  at  a  dance. 
10.  —  errante,  knight  errant     1 1.  —  di 
ventura,  soldier  of  fortune.     12.  — com- 
pagno,   assessor,   lawyer    who    accom- 
panied the  governor  of  a  city  or  castle. 

1 3.  (in  fortifications)  tower,  "  cavalier." 

14.  A  — ,  commanding  (situation);  II 
monte  alle  Croci  e  a  —  di  Firenze,  the 
hill  of  Alle  Croci  commands  Florence. 

15.  in  ancient  Rome,  knight  belonging 
to    the    equestrian    order    of    Servius 
Tullius.     16.  —  d'  Italia,  stilt,  a  species 
of    plover,    Himantopus    rufipes,    also 
termed  Merloacquaticomaggiore.  17.  as 
adj.,  noble.     18.   —  di  Prato,   TJ.  Cor- 
bello  (4).     19.  name  of  a  variety  of  fig. 
20.  in  pi.,  certain  rods  forming  part  of 
the  pulping  apparatus  in  a  paper  mill. 

*  i.    —  bagnato,   knight  so   made  with   all   due 
ceremony,     ii.    —  d'  arme,  knight  so  made  on  the 
battle-field,      iii.    —   delta  banda,   del   drago,    ecc., 
with  these  emblems,     iv.    -i  del  soccorso,  auxiliary 
cavalry,     v.   Prov.,  O  barattiere  o  — ,  either  cheat 
or  gentleman,  i.e.  all  or  nothing,     vi.  constable  as- 
sisting  the  executioner,     vii.  =  Carnefice,    butcher, 
viii.   Convertire  uno  di  —  in  vescovo,  i.e.  to  send 
him  to  the  galleys,  referring  to  the  cap  like  a  mitre 
worn   by   galley-slaves,     ix.    (fortif.)  -i   a  cavallo, 
towers  in  the  "curtain"  to  command  the  surrounding 
country,  v.  supra  (12).     x.   Essere  a  — ,  to  have  the 
advantage,     xi.    —  di  Frisia,  "chevaux  de  frise," 
sharpened  stakes  fixed  as  a  defence,     xii.  silkworm. 

Cavalieressay^;  scturz.  wife  of  a  Cavaliere, 
Cavalierino  m. ;  dim.  Cavaliere. 
*Cavalierotto  m.;  gentleman  of  importance. 

Cavalla  / ;  mare.  -  da  frutto, 
brood-mare. 

Cavall-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -aio 
/;/. ;  horse-dealer. 

Cavallaro  m.;  i.  teamster.  2.  leader 
of  a  pack-horse.  3.  horse-dealer. 

*i.  =Corriere.    ii.  messenger  of  a  court  of  justice. 

*  Cavallatayl ;  i.  cavalry,    ii.  obligation  to  keep 
a  horse  ready  for  military  service. 

*  Cavallato  rn.\  cavalryman. 
tCavalle  =  Cavelle,  nothing. 

Cavalleggi&re  m. ;  light  cavalry- 
soldier. 

Cavaller^sc-o ;  chivalrous,  gentle- 
manly. Aff.  -amdnte. 

Cavallerfa/  ;  i.  cavalry.  2.  knight- 
hood. 3.  chivalry. 

•i.  caravan,     ii.  feat  of  arms;  Fare  —  a  uno,  to 
fight  for  him.     iii.  =  Cavallerizza. 


Cavallerizza/;  i.  riding-school. 
2.  circus.  3.  art  of  riding  and  managing 
horses. 

Cavallerizzo  m.;   i.  riding-master. 

2.  outrider  following  the  carriage  ;  —  di 
sportello,    outrider    alongside    of    the 
carriage.     3.  —  maggiore,  head  of  the 
royal  stables. 

*Cavallerotto ;  v.  Cavalierotto. 

Ca  Valletta/;  i.  grasshopper,  locust, 
v.  Saltabecca.  2.  trick;  Fare  una  — , 
of  employe's,  to  cheat  their  master. 

3.  apparatus  for  hoisting  or  mounting. 

Cavallettante  in. ;  worker  at  a  cavalletto,  y.v. 
(2). 

Cavalletto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Cavallo. 
2.  trestle,  or  any  kind  of  wooden  horse 
used  in  various  arts.  3.  strut  of  a 
roof.  4.  easel.  5.  irons  of  a  bedstead 
supporting  the  boards  on  which  the 
mattress  rests.  6.  —  del  maniscalco, 
frame  on  which  the  horse's  hoof  is 
supported  while  being  trimmed.  7.  rock- 
ing-horse, or  wooden  horse  in  a  gym- 
nasium. 8.  rack  (instrument  of  torture). 
9.  part  of  a  plough  which  supports  the 
handles.  10.  (mar.)  standard  supporting 
one  end  of  the  spindle  of  a  steering  gear, 
•v.  Paasch,  plate  80,  fig.  B.  ii.  dog, 
semicircular  piece  of  iron  closing  a 
manhole  door. 

*i.  =  Reggiposata,  fork  rest,  ii.  —  di  Frisia, 
».  Cavallo  (v). 

Cavalliere,  ecc.;  v.  Cavaliere,  ecc. 

Cavallfna  /  ;  dim.  vezz.  Cavalla. 
Correre  la — ,  i.e.  to  sow  one's  wild  oats. 

*i.  Far  correre  la  — ,  to  use  all  diligence, 
ii.  brothel,  iii.  horse-dung,  iv.  hide  of  a  norse, 
dressed  as  leather. 

Cavallin-0  m. ;  I.  dim.  vezz.  Cavallo. 

2.  (mar.)    donkey-engine.      As    adj.  : 

3.  equine.   4.  Tosse -a,  whooping  cough, 
v.  Canino. 

Cavall-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  cheval,  Span. 
caballo,  <  L.  caballus,  pack-horse)  ; 
i.  horse;  —  di  San  Francesco,  walking- 
stick  ;  Andare  sul  —  di  San  Francesco, 
to  walk.  2.  the  knight  at  chess.  3.  (mar.) 
=  Scanno,  bar  at  the  mouth  of  a  river 
or  harbour.  4.  Codadi — ,  (tot.)  mare's 
\&\\,  Equiselumaruense.  5.  Ugnadi — , 
(bot.)  hornwort,  Ceratophyllum  demer- 
sum.  6.  Cacio  — ,  a  South  Italian  kind 
of  cheese,  shaped  like  a  gourd.  7.  An- 
dare a  —  a  un  ciuco,  a  un  mulo,  to  ride 
a  donkey,  a  mule.  8.  Da  -i,  strong, 
intense;  Febbre  da  -i,  high  fever;  Spro- 
posito  da  -i,  huge  blunder.  9.  Dare 
un  —  a,  to  punish,  referring  to  the  old 
punishment  of  flogging  a  refractory 
scholar  round  the  room.  10.  Essere  a 
—  di,  to  have  nearly  finished ;  Terminata 
la  lettera  S  sono  a  —  del  vocabolario, 
when  I  have  finished  S  the  dictionary 
is  nearly  done.  ii.  Fare  un  — ,  of  the 
threads  in  weaving,  when  one  rides 
upon  another.  12.  (a~)  Pesce — ,  horse 
mackerel,  v.  Trachuro;  (6)  Caval  ma- 
rino,  sea-horse,  Hippocampus guttulatus, 
one  of  the  pipe-fishes.  13.  Mettere  uno 
a  — ,  to  teach  him  to  ride.  14.  - 
vapore,  horse-power,  the  energy  for  rais- 
ing 75  kilogrammes  one  metre  in  one 


136 


CAVALLONE— CAVO 


second.  1 5.  Pro-v.  Chi  non  puo  battere  il 
— ,batte  la  sella,  when  an  inferior  official 
is  punished  for  the  fault  of  his  superior. 

*i.  A  —  a  — ,  post  haste,  ii.  Andar  sui  -i  mutati, 
to  travel  by  post.  iii.  Esser  a  • — ,  of  a  hawk,  to 
have  seized  its  prey.  iv.  Esser  a  —  del  fosso,  i.e. 
to  belong  to  both  political  parties,  v.  —  di  Frisia, 
"  chevaux  de  frise,"  v.  Cavaliere  (xi).  vi.  Lasciarsi 
levare  a  — ,  to  be  credulous,  vii.  Portare  uno  a  — , 
to  relieve  his  ennui,  viii.  Prendere  un  — ,  to  be 
angry,  ix.  Saltare  sul  —  del  matto,  to  fly  into  a 
rage.  x.  an  old  Sicilian  coin  bearing  the  figure  of  a 
horse,  worth  about  three  pence. 

Cavallone  m. ;  i.  augm.  Cavallo. 
2.  large  wave,  breaker.  3.  =  Rabbuffo, 
rebuke. 

Cavallbtto  m. ;  horse  of  medium 
size. 

Cavalluccio  m.;   i.  spreg.  Cavallo. 

2.  scherz.  or  vezz.  nag;   A  — ,  (child) 
on   a   man's  shoulders.     3.    a   kind  of 
honey-cake,  esp.  at  Siena. 

*i.  =  Cavalletto  (2).  ii.  a  small  insect,  iii.  Portati 
a — ,  assisted,  iv.  written  summons  by  order  of  the 
Eight  at  Florence,  which  bore  the  effigy  of  a  man 
riding,  tv.  —  de  mare,  v.  Ippocampo. 

Cavalbcchio  m.  (It.  cavare,  occhio, 
from  its  formidable  appearance,  as  if  it 
would  put  out  one's  eyes);  i.  one  of 
the  dragon  flies,  Perla  nubecula.  2.  pet- 
tifogging lawyer,  or  one  who  acts  as  a 
lawyer  without  any  diploma.  3.  col- 
lector of  debts. 

t  Cavaluca/; ;  a  species  of  mackerel,  v.  Scombro 

(")• 

*Cavamacchie  m. ;  =  Smacchiatore,  cleaner. 

Cavapietre  m.  indecl. ;  quarryman. 

Cav-are  (L. <cavus,  hollow);  i.  to 
extract,  to  take  away  ;  • —  fuori,  to  take 
out  (for  use).  2.  to  dig  out,  excavate. 

3.  -ato,   as   prep.,    except ;    -ato    una 
piazza,  in  quella  citta  non  c"  £  niente  di 
bono,  there  is  nothing  worth  seeing  in 
that  town  except  one  of  the  squares. 

*  Cavarozzola  ;  v.  Caverozzola. 

Cavas6nno  m.  indecl. ;  scherz.  sleep  destroyer. 

Cavassp  /«. ;  Turkish  policeman,  cavass. 

Cavastivali  in.  indecl.;  boot-jack. 

Cayast6ppa  in.  indecl.  ;  (war.)  (caulker's) 
ripping  iron. 

Cavastracci  tn.  indecl.;  extractor,  for  drawing 
the  charge  from  a  muzzle-loading  gun. 

Cavata/;  i.  extraction.  2.  (mus.} 
production  of  sound.  3.  —  di  sangue, 
blood-letting. 

Cavatappi  m.  indecl.;  corkscrew. 

Cavatesdri  m.  indecl.;  treasure-seeker. 

Cavaticci-o  tn. ;  in  mining,  earth  taken  out 
along  with  the  ore.  Also  as  adj.,  Terra  -a,  spoil- 
bank,  rubbish-heap. 

Cavatfna  f. ;  i .  dim.  Cavata.  2.  (mus. } 
short  air,  esp.  that  with  which  a  singer 
first  comes  on  the  stage.  3.  pretext, 
cavil. 

Cavatini  m.  pl.\  short  pieces  of 
hemp  or  silk. 

Cavato  prep. ;  v.  Cavare  (3). 

Cavatdiayl;  (mar.)  swallow,  grooving,  neck. 

Cavatura/  ;  i.  removal.   2.  hollow. 
Cavaturaccioli    m.    indecl. ;    cork- 
screw. 

Cavazidne/^;  i.  excavating.  2.  in 
fencing,  shifting  the  foil  from  right  to 
left  without  losing  touch  with  the  ad- 
versary's foil. 

Cavea  /  (L.);  auditorium  of  the 
ancient  Roman  theatre. 


/  or  -6ne  m.  (L.  capitinem 
or  capita,  large-headed,  <  caput) ;  loach, 
Cobitis  barbatula. 

*Cavedio  m.  (L.  cavaedium) ;  entrance-hall  of 
an  ancient  Roman  house. 

Cavedone  m.;  i.  variant  of  Cavedine.  2.  = 
Scazzone,  miller's  thumb. 

•Cavelle  or  Covelle  (A);  i.  a  trifle;  Si,  potrestii 
aver  — ,  yes,  you  dp  look  as  if  there  was  something 
the  matter  (Boccaccio,  Nov.  83).  ii.  =  Niente,  nothing; 
Chiunque  giurera  per  lo  tempio  di  Dip,  non  e  — , 
whosoever  shall  swear  by  the  Temple,  it  is  nothing 
(Matt.  23,  16).  iii.  by  no  manner  of  means;  II 
mangiare  non  si  ppteva  far  — ,  it  was  impossible  to 
make  them  eat.  iv.  Non  far  — ,  to  work  to  no 
purpose,  to  remain  without  effect. 

(B)  means.  Combatterla  con  ogni  — ,  to  fight 
with  every  means  in  one's  power. 

Etym.  (A)  Either  a  fop.  corr.  of  Quella,  for 
Quella  cosa,  or  of  L.  Quid  velis.  The  former  deri- 
vation is  supported  by  the  dialectic  form  Anden  a 
faer  quel  (Modena)=  Andemma  a  far  covelle  (Fiu- 
malba).  The  latter,  however,  is  also  supported  by 
dialectic  forms,  viz.  Catalan  quisvulla,  Sannitic 
cubiello,  Aretine  chiwegli. 

(B)     In   sense   of  "means,"   it   is<L.  cavilla, 
raillery,  hence  cavii,  pretext,  device. 
*Cavello  m. ;  =  Capello,  hair. 

Caverellay?;  dim.  Cava,  little  hole. 

Cav6rn-a  /    (L.  <favus,   hollow); 

1.  cave.     2.   cavity;   Vedeva  Troia  in 
cenere  e  in  caverne,  I  saw  Troy  a  mass 
of  ashes  and  cavernous  ruins.     3.  flaw, 
in  casting. 

Ajff.  -accia  pegg. ,  -etta  dim.,  -osita,  -<5so. 
*Caverozzola    or   Cavarozzola  f.;    i.    small 
cavity,     ii.  scar  on  a  plant  after  pruning. 
*Cavestro  w.;  =  Capestro,  halter. 

Cavetto  tn. ;  (arcA.)scotia,  a  concave  moulding 
in  the  base  of  a  column  between  the  fillets  of  the  tori 
and  elsewhere. 

Cavevole  ;  suitable  for  quarrying. 
*Cavezale  tn.  ;  =  Capezzale,  pillow. 

Cay£zza  /  (L.  capitium  <  caput, 
head);  i.  halter;  Pagare  sulla  — ,  to 
pay  (for  a  horse  or  other  animal)  on  the 
spot.  2.  —  di  moro,  the  coat  of  a  horse 
with  black  head  and  feet. 

*  i.  Dare  in  una  — ,  =  Buscarne,  to  get  into  trouble, 
ii.  Tirare  una — ,  to  be  hanged,  iii.  cunning  rogue. 

Cavezzaccia/l  t'gg-  Cavezza. 
*CavezzaleyC;  i.  =  Capitagna,  border  of  a  field, 
ii.  piece  of  ground  reserved  for  digging  soil  from  to 
enrich  other  ground. 

Cavezz-ata  f.\  blow  with  a  halter,  -inay!; 
dim.  of  -a. 

Cavezzo  m. ;  —  Scampolo,  remnant  of  cloth. 
"Cavezzola  f.;  small  cavity. 

Cavezz6ne  (Capezzone)  m.;    halter  with  the 
addition  of  a  nose-band,  for  refractory  horses,  twitch. 
'CavezzuolayC;  i.  =  Cavezzina.     ii.  ragamuffin. 
*Cavezzuolo  tn.;  =  Cavezzone. 

Cavia/T  (from  the  native  S.  American  name); 
cavy,  of  which  one  species  is  the  common  guinea-pig. 
Caviale  tn.  (Turkish  Aaviar,   with   the   same 
meaning);  caviare,  salted  roe  of  the  sturgeon,     tthe 
word  is  used  at  Pistoia  as  a  term  of  reproach. 
*Caviaro  m.;  =  Caviale. 

Cavicchia  / ;  i.  i.y.  Cavicchio,  but 
of  larger  size.  2.  =Asse,  board.  3.= 
Chiavarda,  bolt. 

*Cavicchiare;  to  provide  with  pegs. 

Cavicchio  m.  (either  <  L.  daviculus, 
or  <  **capiculum  for  L.  capitulum,  dim. 
of  caput} ;  i.  wooden  pin,  hat-peg. 

2.  rung  of  a  ladder.     Prov.  Aver  un  — 
per  ogni  buco,  to  have  a  peg  for  every 
hole,    i.e.    an    excuse    for    everything. 

3.  dibble  or  dibber,  for  planting   out 
seedlings,  etc. 

Cavicchiudlo  m.;  dim.  Cavicchio. 
*  Cavicci-ule  or  -ulo  m. ;  =  Capcstro,  halter. 
* Cavicoli  m.  pi.;  =  Caulicoli. 
t  Caviggidtto  ;  A  — ,  =  A  Cavalluccio. 

Caviglia  /  (variant  of  Cavicchio) ; 
i.  peg,  bolt ;  Legar  1'  asino  a  buona  — , 
to  tie  the  ass  up  securely,  i.e.  to  go  to 
sleep.  2.  (mar.}  treenail ;  —  d'  arresto, 


locking-pin  ;  —  da  dar  volta,  belaying- 
pin  ;  —  da  impiombare,  fid.  3.  (anai.) 
=  Malleolo,  ankle-bone,  or  =  Stinco, 
shin-bone. 

*  the  art  of  silk  manufacture.  Prov.  Badare  alia 
—  e  al  panno,  i.e.  to  be  careful  not  to  make  mistakes. 
t  Z1.  Capone  (5,  a). 

Cavigliat6io  in. ;  winder  for  silk, 
spindle. 

Cavigliera./;  rack  for  belaying  pins. 
tCaviglio  in.;  —  Caviglia. 

Cayigl-iblo  or  -iublo  m. ;  i .  dim. 
Caviglia.  2.  key  for  a  stringed  instru- 
ment. 

*Caviglionc  or  Cavaglione  ;«. ;  pocket. 
Cavigli6tto  in. ;  (mar.)  toggle,  v.  Caviglia  (2). 
Cavigliuolo;  i>.  Cavigliolo. 

Cavill-are  (L.);  to  quibble.  Aff. 
-atore,  -azi6ne,  -o,  -osame'nte,  -6so. 

tCavfna./;  i.  rain-water  channel,     ii.  cavern. 

Cavita/. ;  cavity. 

*Cavitare;  ~  Guardarsi,  to  shun. 
•Cavizzalc  or  Cavizzule  m. ;  =  Cavezzone. 

Cavo  (A)  (L.  cavus) ;  adj.  or  sb. : 
i.  hollow.  2.  mould  for  casting.  3.  La- 
voro  di  — ,  (a)  intaglio  work  on  a  gem, 
(6)  embroidery  on  canvas. 

(B)  (prob.  <  L.  capus,  a  variant  of 
caput,  cp.  Span,  cabo ;  orig.  the  head  of 
the  cable  which  held  the  anchor,  hence 
the  cable  itself.  But  it  may  be<mlt. 
capulum  <  capere,  to  seize,  which, 
through  French,  is  the  source  of  E. 
cable);  cable,  rope. 

Special  terms:  i.  —  bianco,  white, 
untarred  cordage.  2.  —  assottigliato  a 
coda,  tapering  to  a  point.  3.  —  com- 
messo  da  destra  a  simstra,  —  a  rovescio, 
left-hand  rope,  back-laid  rope  ;  —  com- 
messo  da  sinistra  a  destra,  —  a  dritta, 
right-hand  rope.  4.  —  commesso  al 
quarto,  or  al  terzo,  rope  twisted  one- 
fourth  or  one-third.  5.  — commesso  in 
tre,  three-stranded  rope;  —  commesso 
in  quattro,  shroud-laid  rope;  four  cant, 
four-stranded  rope.  6.  —  di  erba,  di 
manilla,  di  abaca,  Manilla  rope.  7.  - 
di  fibra,  coir  rope.  8.  —  piano,  hawser- 
laid  rope.  9.  —  rifatto,  twice-laid  rope, 
remade  cordage.  10.  — di  primo  tiglio, 
rope  of  first  quality ;  —  di  secondo  tiglio, 
of  second  quality.  ii.  --  torticcio, 
cable-laid  rope.  12.  — usato,  untwisted, 
damaged  rope.  13.  — usato  rimpiega- 
bile,  used  rope ;  —  usato  da  fare  stoppa, 
roundings,  junk.  14.  -  -  da  griselle, 
ratling  rope.  15.  —  da  ralinghe,  bolt 
rope.  16.  —  da  tonneggio,  hauling  line. 
17.  —  d'  aspe,  or  delle  aspe,  swifter; 
Mettere  il  -  -  d'  aspe,  to  swift  the 
capstan.  18.  —  da  barroccio,  (artill.) 
(muzzle  or  breech)  runner.  19.  —  di 
biancheria,  clothes-line.  20.  —  per  le 
brande,  hammock  gant-line.  21.  - 
buono,  top-rope,  mast-rope,  top  tackle 
pendant ;  -  -  buono  dell'  alberetto  di 
velaccio  di  trinchetto,  fore  top-gallant 
mast-rope ;  —  buono  dell'  asta  di  contro 
fiocco,  flying-jib  heel-rope.  22.  —  da 
ferro,  drag-rope.  23.  —  guarda  corpo, 
tientibene  del  bompresso,  bowsprit 
horse.  24.  —  piano  per  salpare,  mes- 
senger. 25.  -  -  della  speranza,  that 


CAVOLACCIO— CEDOLA 


137 


rope  which  is  used  when  casting  the 
anchor  in  case  of  danger. 

*i.  subterranean,  ii.  =Voto,  empty,  in.  Fare 
il  — ,  =  Innamorare.  iv.  =  Capo,  (geogr.)  cape, 
v.  —  di  latte,  cream,  vi.  mask  taken  in  wax  from 
the  face  of  a  person  deceased. 

Cavolaccio  m.\  i.  pegg.  Cavolo.  2.  (bat.) 
Sak'ia  salvatica. 

Cavolaia/;  I.  cabbage-bed  or  the 
cabbages  therein.  2.  cabbage-seller. 

3.  cabbage  butterfly,  Pontia  brassicae. 

4.  a  famous  bell  at  Florence  said  to  be 
rung  every  evening  to  perpetuate  an 
incident  of  the  expulsion  of  the  Duke  of 
Athens,  the  signal  for  which  was  given, 
according  to  tradition,  on  this  bell  by  a 
woman  whose  occupation  was  that  of 
selling  cabbages. 

Cavolaio  ;«.  ;  i.  cabbage-seller. 
2.  field  of  cabbages. 

t Cavolame  m. ;  =  Cordame,  cordage. 

Cavolata  f. ;  meal  of  cabbage,  or  of 
cabbage  and  lettuce. 

Cavolesse  salvatiche/  //. ;  (bot.)  the  name 
for  two  species  of  rock -cress,  A  rail's  hirsnta,  and 
A.  tkaliana. 

Cavolfidre  in.  ;  cauliflower. 

Cavolin-o  m. ;  dim.  Cavolo,  cabbage. 
Ci  si  pianterebbe,  or  potrebbe  piantare 
i  -i,  a  way  of  expressing  that  a  person 
is  very  dirty.  Esser  terra  da  -i,  to  be 
dead.  A  terra  -i !  away  with  all  scruples! 

Cayol-O  m.  (L.  caulis);  i.  cabbage, 
Brassica  oleracea ;  —  rornano,  broccoli ; 
Portare  -i  a  Legnaia,  =  carrying  coals 
to  Newcastle;  Andar  tra'  -i,  or  An- 
dare  a  rincalzare  i  -i,  to  die ;  —  fiore, 
or  as  one  word,  Cavolfiore,  cauliflower ; 
—  riscaldato,  i.e.  (a)  friendship  renewed 
after  a  quarrel,  (b)  old  story  served  up 
anew.  Prov.  Mangiare  il  —  co'  ciechi, 
i.e.  to  have  business  with  very  silly 
people.  2.  fig.  a  fool.  3.  — '  di  lupo, 
(hot.}  stinking  hellebore,  v.  Erba  (87). 
4.  —  di  mare,  sea  convolvulus,  Convol- 
vulus Soldanella.  5.  —  marine,  sea- 
kale,  Crambe  maritima.  6.  —  salvatico 
dei  campi,  common  wild  navew,  Bras- 
sica campestris. 

*i.  -i  salati  or  agri,  sauerkraut,  ii.  —  lonzo  e 
ciccia  pigiata,  ///.  flabby  cabbage  and  dense  meat, 
i.e.  cabbage  should  be  boiled  with  plenty  of  water 
and  meat  with  but  little,  iii.  Di  di  -i,  fasting-day. 

Cavol-dne  augm.,  -uccio,  -uzzo  dims.,  of 
Cavolo. 

Cavolrapa  f.\  (bat.)  kohl-rabi,  Brassica  ole- 
racea cattlo-rapa. 

Cavo-piano  m.\  rope  for  raising  the  anchor. 
*Cavrett-o  m.;  i.  =  Capretto,  kid.    ii.  parchment, 
iii.   Creder  di  legar  cinque  -i,  i.e.  to  believe  one  is 
about  to  achieve  a  good  success. 
tCavria  /.',  (;«<in)=Biga,  shears. 
*Cavrio  or  Cavriolo  m. ;  =  Capriolo,  roebuck. 

Cavur  or  Cavurre  tn.\  a  mild  cigar,  named 
after  Count  Cavour. 

Cavurriano;  of  Cavour. 

Cavurrino  m. ;  two.franc  bank-note  with  an 
imprint  of  Cavour. 

•Cazaro  w.;  =  Cassero. 
*Caziche  m. ;  Indian  chief,  v.  Cacico. 
*  Cazioso  ;  =  Capzioso,  crafty. 
•Cazula/;  («*•/.)=  Mestola. 
•Cazza/:  (O.H.G.  ctfxzKL.  catiims,  cf.  E. 
kettle  <c<irY?/«s);  i.    melting-pot,     ii.   ladle,     iii.  in- 
strument for  charging  a  cannon,    tiv.  —  da  ostriche, 
oyster-dredge. 

•Cazzabagliore  <«.;  =  Bagliore,  dazzle. 
Cazzabubbolo  m. ;  conceited  little  ass. 
Cazzaccio  w.;  =  Baggeo,  blockhead. 
tCazzafubri  m.\  (mar.)  outhaul  rope. 
tCazzare  (**caftiare<  L.   capere);    (mar.)  to 
draw  (a  sheet)  home. 

H. 


Cazzarbla  or  Cazzerbla  (Cassarola, 
Casserola)/  (dim.  Cazza.) ;  saucepan. 

Cazzascdtte  >«.;  (war.)  cleat  of  extra  size,  kevel. 
*Cazzavel-a/,  -o  w.;  =  Velia,  shrike. 

Cazzerdla;  v.  Cazzarola. 
•Cazzetta/;  dim.  Cazza,  ladle. 

Cazzica  ;  excl.  Gracious  ! 

tCazzimattata  f. ;   act  of  an  idiot,  v.  Cazzo- 
matto. 

Cazzbla;  v.  Cazzuola. 

Cazzomatto  m. ;  idiotic  fool. 
tCazzonello  m. ;  =  Trilatera,  wedge-shell. 
Cazzottaia/;  vulgar  terra  for  row,  v.  Cazzotto. 
Cazzott-are  vb.,  -at6re,  -atura;  v.  Cazzotto. 

Cazz6tt-o  m.  (contr.  of  **Capezzotto, 
blow  on  the  head, < capo);  i.  blow, 
punch.  2.  fig.  serious  loss,  e.g.  from  a 
long  illness.  3.  Fare  a'  -i,  to  punch 
each  other's  heads,  or  fig.  to  clash;  II 
rosso  e  il  giallo  fanno  a'  -i,  red  and 
yellow  do  not  harmonise  at  all;  Dis- 
ordine  e  guadagno  fanno  a  -i,  profitable 
business  is  impossible  with  untidiness. 
4.  Pane  a  -i,  a  little  loaf  made  from  a 
handful  of  dough  pulled  off  the  general 
mass;  Lavoro  fatto  a  -i,  clumsy  piece 
of  work. 

Cazzu61-a  or  Cazz61-a/  (dim.  Cazza) ; 
i.  =  Mestola,  bricklayer's  trowel.  2.  trade 
of  bricklaying.  3.  bricklayer.  4.  scent- 
bottle.  5.  =  Cazzarola,  saucepan.  6.  tad- 
pole, cp.  provincial  E.  pot-ladle ;  Far  — , 
to  stop  where  there  is  water ;  Rimaner 
come  le  -e,  to  be  in  a  helpless  case. 
7.  in  pi.,  fair  promises  with  no  real 
meaning.  Aff.  -Ata  dim. 

Ce;  used  for  Ci  before  Lo,  Li,  Gli,  La,  Le, 
and  Ne. 

tCea;  =  Ceca  (i). 

Ceanoto  m.  •  red  root  or  New  Jersey  tea, 
Ceanotkus. 

Ceca/;  i.  small  eel  taken  near  the 
mouth  of  the  Arno.  2.  bed  made  for 
the  head  of  a  nail. 

Cecaggine/;  spreg.  stupid  blindness. 
Cecame'nte;  blindly. 

*Cecare;  =  Accecare,  to  blind. 

Ce'cca/  (A)  (imit.);  Far  — ;  I.  to 
miss  fire,  //'/.  or  fig.  2.  to  duck  the 
head  so  as  to  avoid  a  blow.  3.=  Fare 
una  stecca,  to  sing  or  play  out  of  tune. 

(B)  for  Francesca;  i.  Fanny.  2.  gen- 
eral name  for  magpies,  like  Fr.  Martin 
for  donkeys.  Hence :  3.  silly  chattering 
woman. 

Ceccarello  in. ;  (tot.)  prickly -seeded  caltrops, 
Tribtilus  terrestris^  also  termed  Tribolo,  Basapie. 

Cecce  or  Ciccia  f.;  child's  word  for  Sedia 
chair,  in  the  phrase  Mettersi,  or  Stare,  a  — .' 

Ceccherino;  thin  (chicken). 

Cecchisudi;  pi.  of  Ceccosuda. 

Ceccia;  v.  Cecce. 
tCecciare;  =  Stare  a  ceccia,  to  sit  on  a  chair. 

Cecco  ;  short  for  Francesco,  Frank.  Mamma, 
—  mi  tocca,  v.  Gianni. 

*  Ceccona/;  a  mode  of  playing  the  harpsichord, 

Ceccosuda  m. ;  fussy  person ;  pi.  Cecchisudi. 

Gte-vpop.  Ce"c-io  m.  (L.  deer) ;  (hot.) 
i.  chick  pea,  Cicer  arietinum,  also 
termed  Cece  giallo,  or  Cece  di  Spagna; 
Broda  di  -i,  a  term  for  bad  coffee  ;  -i 
maritati,  soup  of  chick  peas,  flour  and 
bits  of  paste  ;  Non  dare  ne  in  tinche  ne 
in  -i,  to  come  to  no  conclusion,  lit. 
neither  to  decide  for  tench  nor  for  peas ; 
Aver  i  -i  nella  testa,  to  be  a  fool ;  Ha 
il  —  nell'  orecchio,  or  simply  Ha  il  — , 
he  is  deaf.  2.  wart.  3.  the  fleshy 


excrescence  on  a  swan's  beak.  4.  a 
certain  shade  of  yellow.  5.  —  di  prete, 
thistle,  v.  Ceceprete.  6.  —  selvatico, 
a  species  of  milk-vetch,  Astragalus  deer. 
7.  —  di  terra,  ground-nut  plant,  Arachis 
hypogaea,  also  termed  Mani,  Pistacchio 
di  terra.  8.  Cogliere  i  -i  colla  brocca 
or  Cogliere  i  -i  senza  ranno,  to  play  the 
fool.  9.  Insegnare  a  uno  rodere  i  -i,  to 
teach  him  his  error  by  punishment 
10.  Riuscire  pan  di  -i,  not  to  answer 
one's  expectations.  n.  =  Saputello, 
wiseacre.  12.  Bel  — ,  (iron.)  beauty, 
dandy ;  Stare  sul  — ,  to  play  the  gallant. 

13.  (med.)  pea  used  to  make  an  issue. 

14.  Aver  cotto  il  cul  ne'  -i  rossi,  to  be 
wide  awake,  not  easily  taken  in. 

Ceceprete  in.  ;   (boi.)  i.   Cartkamus  lanatus. 

2.  common     star -thistle,     Centaurea    caUitrapa. 

3.  yellow  star-thistle,  v.  Erba  (73,  b). 

Cecerello  m. ;   i.  small  yellowish  stone  like  a 
Cece.    2.  (bot.)  A  rachis  hypogaca,  the  fruit  of  which 
is  the  "ground-nut."     3.  as  adj. ,  ground  abounding 
in  the  Cecerello  stone,  found  to  be  good  for  corn. 
*Cecero  in.  (var.  of  Cecino,  B);  swan. 

*  Cechesco  ;  in  the  manner  of  the  blind. 
Cechino ;  dim.  Ceco,  nearly  blind. 

C6cia,  Ciccia  or  Ciocia  / ;  (A)  = 
Scaldino,  warming-pan. 

*(B)  (L.  caecias<Gr.  ic<u«ias);  north-east  wind. 
Ceciarello  in. ;    i.    (hot.)  (a)  i.q.   Ceccarello, 
caltrops ;   (6)  lamb's  lettuce,   Valeriantlla  olitorin. 
2.    as  adj.,  i.q.  Cecerello  (3). 

Cecidomia  f.  (Gr.  ITIJKI'S,  gall-nut,  pvia,  fly); 
the  gall-fly  genus,  Cecidoinyia,  including  the  Euro- 
pean wheat-fly  and  the  American  species  or  Hessian 
fly. 

+  Ceciglia,  Ciciglia  or  Cecilia/  (L.  caecitia); 
=  Lucignola,  blind-worm,  Anguis  fragilis,  some- 
times called  the  viper's  sister. 

Cecilia/;  i.  v.  Ceciglia.  2.  a  genus  of  tropical 
snake-like  lizards,  Amphisbaena. 

Cecfna/;  i.  dim.  Cecia  (A),  hot 
water  bottle.  2.  =Ciocina,  little  darling. 

Cecino  m.  (A);  dim.  Cece.  Bel  — , 
more  iron,  than  Bel  cece,  v.  Cece  (12). 

*  (B)  (by  redupl.  <  L.  cycnus)  ;  swan. 
*Cecio,  Cecione  tn.\  \.  little  pet,  baby,     ii.— 

Cece,  chick  pea. 

tCecisbeo  m. ;  =  Cicisbeo,  dandy. 

Cecita  f. ;  blindness.  -  serena, 
blindness  due  to  paralysis  of  the  retina, 
gutta  serena.  —  nuvolosa,  cataract. 

Ceco ;  v.  Cieco. 
Cecolina ;  v.  Ciecolina. 

Cddere  perf.  cedei  or  cede'tti  ceddsti 
ced£  or  ceddtte  cedemmo  cede'ste  ce- 
deYono  or  cede'ttero,  part,  ceduto  (L.) ; 
i.  to  give  way.  2.  to  give  up. 

Cederno  m. ;  =  Cedro,  cedar. 
Ced6vol-e ;  v.  Cedere.    Aff.  -dzza. 

Cedlglia,  Cedilla  /  (for  zediglia, 
dim.  of  zeta,  the  cedilla  having  orig. 
been  a  z,  so  that,  e.g.,  iefon  was  written 
leczon);  cedilla. 

Cedime'nto  m.  •  yielding,  sinking. 
Ceditdre  m. ;  v.  Cedere. 

C edob6n is  in. ;  assignment  of  all  one's  property 
to  creditors. 

Cedol-a  (Cedula)/  (bit.  cedultK'L. 
schedula,  dim.  oischeda,  strip  of  papyrus, 
root  skid,  to  cut);  i.  promissory  note, 
bill.  2.  memorandum.  3.  coupon. 

4.  —  di  banca,  bank-note. 

*i.  any  written  obligation,  ii.  ticket,  «/.  that 
of  the  lottery;  Esser  come  le  -e,  i.e.  to  be  probably 
worthless,  iii.  placard,  iv.  amulet. 

18 


138 


CEDOLETTA— CENCIACCIO 


Cedolettay;;  dim.  Cedola. 
Cedolone    m.  ;    augta.    Cedola,    esj>.    Papal 
monitory   of   excommunication   or    other  important 
matter  placarded  in  churches  at  Rome. 

Cedoldtto  m. ;   the  last  of  three  admonitions 
prior  to  excommunication,  "re-aggravation." 
•Cedonia/  ;-Briglia,  bridle. 
*Cedornella;  z>.  Cedronella. 
f  Cedra  /.  ;  =  Cedrina. 

Cedracca  f. ;  =  Cetracca. 
*Cedraia  /I;  plantation  of  Cedri. 

Cedrangola./;  (<W.)  sainfoin,  ?'.  Lupinello. 
*Cedrangolo,  Cetrangolo  m.\-  Arancio  forte, 
v.  Cedro  (4). 

*Cedrare;  to  flavour  with  lemon. 

Cedrato  m.\  \.  a  variety  of  lemon 
tree,  Citrus  medico,  or  acida^  also  known 
as  Cedro  fiorentino.  2.  lemon  ice. 
3.  candied  lemon.  4.  as  adj.,  flavoured 
with  lemon. 

Cedrela,/;  the  mahogany  family  of  trees. 
Cedrfileo;  Olio — ,  essential  oil  of  lemon. 
Cedria/;;   i.   a  kind  of  resin.     2.   cone  (fruit) 
of  the  cedar  of  Lebanon. 

Cedrina  or  Cetrinayi;  lemon-scented  verbena, 
A  loysia  citriodora. 

Cedrfno;  i.  of  cedar  2.  lemon- 
coloured. 

Cedrio  m.\  (ckem.)  pyroligneous  acid. 
Cedrireto  m.\  a  distillate  from  ilex  wood. 
Cedrium  m. ;  resin  exuded  from  cedar. 
Cedriudlo  7w.;  =  Cetriolo. 

Ce"dro   m.    (hot.}   (A)    (L.    citrus); 

1.  citron-tree,  Citrus  medico..     2.  citron, 
the  fruit.     3.    --  arancio,   orange-tree, 
Citrus  aurantium.     4.  —  arancio  forte, 
Seville  orange-tree,  Citrus  Bigaradia. 
5.       -    limone,    lemon-tree,    Citrus  li- 
monum.      6.    —   di   Media,  =  Cedrato, 
q.v.  (i). 

(B)  (L.  cedrus)  •  i.  cedar.  2.  —del 
Libano,  cedar  of  Lebanon,  Pinus  cedrus. 
3.  --  licio,  —  rosso  virginiano,  two 
species  of  juniper,  Juniperus  Phoenicia 
and  Virginiana.  4.  —  rosso  da  lapis, 
pencil  cedar,  Juniperus  Bermudiana. 
5.  —  maogani,  mahogany-tree,  Swie- 
tenia  mahogani.  6.  —  bastardo,  Siberian 
pine,  Pinus  cembra.  7.  -  -  bianco, 
Ctipressus  thyoides. 

Cedrola/;  i.q.  Cedrina. 
Cedroncellayl;  i.q.  Cedronella. 
Cedr6ne  m.;  i.  augm.  Cedro  (A).     2.  caper- 
cailzie, v.  Gallo  (B,  3). 

*  lemon-coloured.     t=Citrullo,  blockhead. 

CedronS  m.  •  lemonade. 

Cedronella  (Cedornella)  f.;  (M.)  balm.  t>. 
Erba  (27). 

Cedrula/.;  brown-berried  juniper,  Juniperus 
oxycedrus. 

•Cedilla/;  v.  Cedola. 

Ceduo  (L.  caeduus);  fit  for  felling. 
As  st.,  fall  of  timber. 

Ceduto ;  part.  Cedere. 

Cefaglioli  or  Cefaglioni  tn.  pi.;  (£»/.)=Palma 
di  S.  Pier  martire,  dwarf  fan  palm,  v.  Palma(u) 
Cefaglidne  (Cerfuglione)  m.;  i.  pith  of  a  palm. 

2.  v.  Cefaglioli. 

Cefalanto  in.;  (bot.)  button  wood,  a  genus  of 
shrubs,  Cephalanthus. 

Cefalanzio  ;«.;  (hot.)  the  flower-head  of  Com- 
positae. 

Cefalemia/;  breeze-fly,  Tatanus. 

Cefalico(Gr.);  cephalic. 

Cefalo  m. ;  i.  — ,  or  —  pietra,  grey  mullet, 
v.  Muggine.  2.  chub,  Leuciscus  cep/ialus 

Cefaldpodi  m.  pi. ;  cephalopods,  a  genus  of 
molluscs  including  the  octopuses. 

Cefelide  f. ;  (bat.)  Cephaelis,  a  genus  including 
Ipecacuanha. 

Cefeo  m. ;  Cepheus,  or  the  constellation  named 
after  him. 

*  Ceffare ;  =  Accinffare. 

Ceflat-a  /. ;    i.    slap  on  the  face, 


usu.  Ceffone.     2.  fig.  insult,  usie.  Schi- 
affo. 

* —  sorda,  trampling.  Cavar  le  -e  di  mano  a 
S.  Francesco,  to  procure  blows  from  St  Francis, 
i.e.  to  be  very  tiresome. 

*  C effaut te  tn. ;  ugly  face  carved  or  painted  on 
a  vase. 

Ceffo  m. ;  i.  snout,  muzzle.  2.  (pers.) 
ugly  mug,  fat  face.  3.  sinister-looking 
person ;  Guardare  a  —  torto,  to  look  at 
askance. 

Etytn.  Prob.  akin  to  Zampa  claw,  from  a  root 
tap  or  zap,  meaning  that  which  seizes,  cp.  Sicilian 
AcciarTarsi,  Parmesan  Cifar,  to  catch. 

Ceffonare  ind.  cefMno ;  to  cuff. 

Ceff6n-e  m. ;  slap  on  the  face,  fig. 
insult.  *Dar  -i,  to  steal.  Aff.  -cino 
dim.,  -ci6ne  augm. 

*  Ceffuto  (It.  ceflfo)  ;  with  a  large  Ceffo. 

Cefo  /«.;  i.  a  fabulous  animal.  2.  a  genus  of 
wasp,  Cephus. 

*Cegno  w.;  =  Cenno,  sign. 

Ceici  tn.  pi. ;  a  genus  of  Indian  kingfishers, 
Ceyx. 


f.  ;  =  Cervello,  brain. 

Gel-are  ind.  celo  (L.);  to  hide.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atame'nte. 

Celastro  m.;  (bat.)  staff-tree,  Celastrus. 
Celata/;  helmet  without  emblem  or  crest. 

*  i.  ambuscade,     ii.  caul  on  a  new-born  baby. 

*  Celato  ;=  Cesellato,  carved. 

*Celatone  tn.  ;  i.  augtn.  Celata.  ii.  a  kind  of 
telescope. 

Celeberrimo;  superlative  of  Celebre. 

Celebr-are  ind.  celebro  (L.) ;  to  celebrate. 
—  un  contralto,  to  make  a  formal  contract.  Aff. 
•abile,  -amento,  -ante,  -azione,  -e,  -ita. 

Celebret  m.  ;  (eccl.)  certificate  uf  right  to  of- 
ficiate. 

*  Celebro  m.  ;  — Ceryello,  brain. 

Celega  f.  ;  =  Bigia  padovana,  a  species  of 
warbler. 

Celer-e(L.);  quick.    Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Celest-e  (L.,  v.  Cielo);  i.  celestial.  2.  blue. 
Aff.  -iale,  -ialmente. 

Celestino;  i.  bhieish.  As  sb. :  2.  Celestine 
monk,  of  the  Benedictine  Order  instituted  by  Pietro 
da  Murrone,  afterwards  Pope  Celestino  V,  in  the 
i3th  century.  3.  a  musical  instrument. 

*Celete  (Gr.  xe'Aijs < «e'AAw,  to  urge);  i.  running 
in  single  harness,  ii.  as  sb.  —  Goletta,  schooner. 

*  Celeuma    >«.    (L.  <  Gr.    K<Xev<r/ia) ;    poem ; 
strictly  sailor's  song. 

Celi-a  /  (etym.  unkn.) ;  jest.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Celiaco  (L.  coeliacus<Gr.  fcoiAta);  abdominal. 
*Celiade/  (Gr.  xi^ias);  a  thousand  years. 
*Celiarca  m. ;  commander  of  a  thousand  men. 


Celi-are  ind.  celio;   to  jest. 
-at6re. 


Aff. 


Celib-e  (L.  coelebs) ;  bachelor.  -ato  m. ; 
celibacy. 

Celid6nia(Chelidonia)./;  (fe/.)  greater  Celan- 
dine, Chelidonium  inajns. 

Etym.  L.  chelidonia<Gi .  x«AiSoi'io^<xfA<6(i>', 
a  swallow ;  the  term  is  said  to  refer  to  the  blooming 
of  the  plant  when  the  swallows  come  and  to  a  belief, 
recorded  by  Pliny,  that  the  swallow  used  its  acrid 
juice  to  cure  the  eyes  of  her  young  ones. 

*  Celidonia  was  also  a  term  for  a  red  or  black 
stone  said  to  occur  in  the  stomachs  of  swallows  and 
to  have  marvellous  curative  properties. 

•Celidro;  v.  Chelidro. 
Celina  /;  dim.  Celia. 
Celion-e  m. ;  joker.     Aff.  -accio  peps'. 
Cella/(L.);  cell. 

*  i.  =  Cantina,   wine-cellar,     ii.    Dispensa,  store- 
room, iii.  dormitory,   iv.  =  Casa,  house.   \.{arclieeol.') 
cella  of  a  temple. 

*Cellaip  m. ;  i.  wine-cellar,     ii.  vintner. 

*  C ellario  tn. ;  wine-cellar. 

*Celleraio  tn.  ;   \.    vintner,      ii.    steward  in  a 
monastery,     iii.    guardian,  depository. 

Cellerario  jn. ;  steward  in  a  monastery. 
Cellererfay:;  office  of  Cellerario. 

*  Cellese  tn. ;  wine-cellar. 
Cell^ttay?;  dim.  Cella.     "recess. 

*Celliere  tn. ;  i.  wine-cellar,     ii.  store-room. 

Cellina/:;  dim.  Cella. 
•CelloriayC;  i.  the  brain,     ii.  the  head. 

Celluccia/;  dun.  spreg.  Cella. 


Cellul-a/.;  cell.     Aff.  -are  adj.,  -etta  dim. 
Cellul-6ide  ;«.,  -osayl;  as  E.    -6so;  cellular. 
Celo;  -a.  Cielo. 

*  Celone  tn. ;  striped  blanket  or  table-cover. 
Celbsia/!;  (hot.)  cockscomb,  a  genus  of  Ama- 

ranthads. 

Celsia_/;;  (<W.)a  genus  of  Linariads  resembling 
mullein. 

•Celsp  (L.);=Eccelso,  lofty. 

Celtic-o;  Celtic.     *  Lue -a,  syphilis. 

Celtide  f. ;  nettle-tree,  Celtis.  The  berry  is 
nearly  black  and  very  sweet ;  it  is  supposed  to  be  the 
lotus  of  Homer. 

Cembalariay; ;  (bat.)  toad-flax,  Linaria  cyw- 
balaria. 

Cembal-etto  or  -ino  dim.,  -aio  cymbal- 
maker  ;  v.  -o. 

C6mbal-o,  C6mbol-o,  or  Cfmbal-o 
m.  (L.,<  Gr.  KvpfiaXov,  <  Kvfiftrj,  cavity); 
i.  cymbal.  2.  harpsichord. 

Phrases  :  Stare  in  -i,  to  be  jolly, 
half-drunk.  Andare  col  —  in  colombaia, 
to  blurt  out  what  should  have  been 
suppressed.  Avere  il  capo  in  -i,  to  be 
scatterbrained,  think  only  about  plea- 
sure. (Figure)  da  -i,  ugly,  cymbals 
having  generally  been  ornamented  with 
rudely  drawn  figures. 

Cembanella;  v.  Cennamella. 

Cembanello  m.,dim.  Cembalo. 
*Cembolismo  w.;=  Embolismo,  intercalation. 

Cembra  f. ;  (arcA.)  union,  part  of  a  structure 
by  which  it  fits  on  to  another. 

Cembro  in.  ;  (bat.)  Siberian  cedar,  Pinus 
cembra. 

Cement-are  ind.  cemento;  i.  to  cement.  2.  to 
submit  iron  to  the  steel-making  process,  v.  Ce- 
mento (2).  Aff.  -atorio,  -azidne. 

Ceme'nto  m.  (L.  caementum,  stone 
chippings,  perhaps  for  caedimentum,  < 
caedere,  to  cut);  i.  cement,  a  mixture 
of  lime  and  pulverised  gravel;  —  ro- 
mano,  mixture  of  lime  and  clay  for 
hydraulic  work.  2.  the  carbon  for 
converting  iron  into  steel. 

*Cemmamella,  Cemmanella  ;  z<.  Cennamella. 

Cempe'nn-a  m.  or/  ;  booby,  v.  -are. 

Cempennare  ind.  cempe'nno;  i.  to 
blunder  about,  keep  on  stumbling.  2.  to 
be  very  slow  and  clumsy  over  one's  work. 

Etym.  Old  It.  Ciampa,  leg,  a  variant  of  Zampa, 
paw.  From  this,  with  the  a  weakened  to  e  and  under 
the  attraction  of  Tentennare,  to  stagger,  instead  of 
Ciampare,  the  word  Cempennare  was  formed. 

Cempenn-ino,  -ina  dints.,  -one,  -6na 
augtns.  of  -a. 

Cen  ;  apocope  for  Cento  in  compound  numerals. 

*  short  for  ce  ne ;   Ora  cen  porta,  now  bears  us 
away.  ...D.  Inf.  15.  i. 

C6n-a/  (L.  caena);  \.  supper;  Dare 
pan  per  —  a  uno,  to  surpass  him  in 
cunning.  2.  the  Last  Supper  or  a 
picture  with  that  subject.  3.  —  domini, 
{eccl.}  Holy  Thursday.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Cenacola  m.  (L.);  supper  room, 
esp.  that  of  the  Last  Supper  or  a  picture 
representing  it. 

*Cenamella;  v.  Cennamella. 
*Cenamo,     Cenano    m.  ;  —  Cinnamomo,     cin- 
namon. 

Cenare  ind.  ce"no;  to  sup.  Se  si 
desina  non  si  cena,  we  are  not  rich 
enough  to  have  supper  as  well  as  dinner. 

Cenato  (A);  v.  Cenare.  *(B)  (L. 
coenum,  dirt);  filthy. 

Cencerello  in. ;  dim.  Cencio,  usu.  in 
sense  of  worn-out  clothes. 

Cenceria/ ;  rags. 
Cenciaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Cencio. 


CENCIAIA— CENTESIMO 


139 


Cenciaia/;  i.  heap  of  rags.  2.  non- 
sense, twaddle. 

Cenci-aio  or  -aiolo  m.  ;  rag-picker, 
old-clothes  man. 

Cenciat-a/;  i.  slap  in  the  face 
with  a  dish-cloth.  2.  hitting  (furniture) 
with  a  duster.  3.  insulting  remark. 
4.  =Braca,  gossip;  Sta  su  tutte  le  -e, 
she  is  always  gossiping. 

Cenclno  ;;/.  ;  I  .  dim.  Cencio.  2.  spreg. 
iron,  decoration,  ribbon.  3.  fig.  small 
quantity,  implying  some  disparagement; 
Per  un  -  -  di  marchesato  fa  tanta 
superbia?  is  it  because  he  is  a  paltry 
marquis  that  he  gives  himself  such  airs? 
4.  sub-dim,  of  Vincenzo.  5.  II  —  delta 
comare,  a  children's  game. 

Cencinquanta  ;  pop.  for  Centocinquanta. 

C4nc-io  m.  (L.  cento,  through 
**centius.  Cento  is  Gr.  KfvTpmv,  patch- 
work, v.  Centone)  ;  I.  rag.  2.  duster. 
3.  scherz.  ribbon,  decoration.  4.  person 
in  bad  state  of  health,  in  contrast  with 
which  v.  infra  (14).  5.  —  di  Parigi, 
a  kind  of  waterproofing  for  hats.  6.  in 
pi.,  a  kind  of  omelet.  7.  in  pi.,  scherz. 
paper  money.  8.  dim.  fam.  of  Vin- 
cenzo. 9.  —  molle,  (&tf.)  =  Orecchio  di 
topo,  mouse-ear  hawkweed.  10.  • 
molle  giallo,  (6ot.)  yellow  mallows,  Sida 
abutilon. 

Phrases:  n.  quasi-prov.  I  -i  vanno 
all'  aria,  i.e.  the  poor  always  come  off 
badly.  12.  Cappello  a  —  ,  soft  hat. 
13.  Dare  in  -i,  to  go  to  pieces  ;  Questo 
ragazzo  m'  aveva  fatto  sperar  bene,  ma 
ora  mi  da  in  -i,  this  lad  showed  great 
promise  but  I  have  been  disappointed 
in  him.  14.  Esser  ne'  suoi  -i,  to  be  in 
the  flower  of  youth  and  health.  15.  II 
—  nel  gomitolo  ci  s'  ha  a  veder  sempre, 
low  breeding  always  shows  itself  ;  a  more 
usual  expression  is  II  buco  nella  calza, 
v.  Buco  (8).  16.  Naso  di  —  ,  warty 
nose,  v.  Cicciuto.  1  7.  Avere  il  —  rosso, 
to  .be  privileged  above  other  people. 
1  8.  Stare  ne'  suoi  -i,  to  be  content  with 
one's  lot. 

*i.  Dare  in  -i,  (a)  to  make  a  great  blunder,  (i)  to 
become  poor.  ii.  Venir  del  —  ,  to  be  disgusted. 
iii.  Pigliar  il  —  ,  to  dismiss  one's  assistants,  iv.  — 
molle,  (at)  man  without  any  spirit  ;  (i>)  game  of 
forfeits,  the  forfeit  being  to  be  struck  with  a  wet  rag. 
v.  Non  dare  fuoco  a  —  ,  to  refuse  the  smallest  assist- 
ance to  anybody,  vi.  Attaccare  il  —  a  tutti,  = 
Apporrc  al  sale  che  non  sala,  to  find  fault  with 
everything. 

Cenciolano,  //.  Cencilani  m.  ;  i.= 
Pannolano,  woollen  cloth.  2.  =  Bian- 
chetta,  white  woollen  cloth. 

Cencio-llno  dim.,  -so  adj.,  Cenci- 
uccio  spreg.,  -ume  collection  of  rags; 
v.  Cencio. 

tCenciunto  7«.;  =  Sctatto,  simpleton. 

Cencrite/;  (min.)  oolite. 
*  Cencro  m.  (Gr.  iceyxpi's)  ;  viper. 
*Cendado;  v.  Zendado,  velvet. 
tCendere  or  Cendorey!;  v.  Cenere. 
tCendralinay:;  silly  girl. 

Ceneraccio  m.  ;  =  Cenerone. 

Ceneracciolo  »/.;  i.  cloth  laid  over  a  wash-tub 


Cenerario  ;    i.    cinerary.     As   sb.  : 

2.  slave  who  heated  the  curling  iron  in 
hot  ashes  and  curled  the  hair.     3.  ash- 
pan,  ashpit. 

Cenerata  /;  i.  ashes  boiled  in 
water  for  making  lye.  2.  a  mixture  of 
ashes  and  water  put  upon  cheese  to 
make  it  keep.  3.  ash-hole.  *=  Cenerone. 

Cenere  /  (L.)  ;  ashes. 
Cenerella  f.  ;  dim.  Cena,  supper. 

*  Cenerente  ;  =  Cenerino,  ash-coloured. 

Cenerentola  /  ;  Cinderella. 
Cenerfccio  ;  ash-coloured. 

*Cenerigia/:;  =  Cinigia,  hot  ashes. 

Cenerlna/;  i.  dim.  Cenere.  2.  the 
second  sleep  of  silkworms,  so  called 
from  the  colour  they  then  assume. 

3.  a  species  of  grasshopper. 

Cenerino;  ash-coloured. 

Cener6gnola  /.;  i.  =  Cenerina  (2).  2.  (M.) 
(rt)=Celidonia,  greater  celandine;  (b)  lesser  celan- 
dine, Ficaria  ranunculoidfs. 

Cenerbgnolo  ;  ashy  pale. 

Cenerdne  m.  ;  i.  the  residue  of  ashes 
in  a  bucking  cloth,  v.  Ceneracciolo. 
2.  ashes  made  up  into  a  paste  through 
which  water  is  passed  so  as  to  make  a 
lye  for  washing.  3.  i.q.  Ceneracciolo, 
bucking  cloth.  4.  manure  in  which 
ashes  are  an  ingredient. 

Oenerdso  ;  covered  with  ashes. 

*Cenerugiolo;  =  Cenerognolo,  ashy. 

Cen&fcta  f.  ;  dim.  Cena,  supper. 

*Cengere;  =  Cingere,  to  gird. 
Ceniglia  ;  v.  Ciniglia. 
Cenin-a  /,  or  -o  m.;  dim.  Cena,  supper. 
•Ceniticato  (old   It.  cenit  for  zenit);   perpen- 
dicular to  the  vertical  line,  the  line  of  the  zenith 

*Cennamella/  (A)  (Caramella,  Cemmamella, 
Cemmanella,  Cenamella,  Cerameila,  Ciaramella, 
Cilatnella,  Ciramella)  (Provenc.  calamel  with  a 
variant  caramel  <  L.  calamus,  reed)  ;  shawm,  a 
wind  instrument  of  some  kind,  probably  a  sort  of 
clarionet. 

(B)  (variant  of  Cembanello,  another  variant 
being  Cembanella)  ;  some  kind  of  cymbal. 

The  term  Cennamella  was  also  used  for  the 
player  of  either  instrument. 

Cennamo  »i.  ;  =  Cinnamomo. 
*Cennare;  =  Accennare,  to  point. 

Cdnno  in.  (mlt.  cinnus,  with  twisted 
mouth,  of  doubtful  origin  ;  possibly 
syncopated  from  L.  cincinmis,  a  curl  of 
hair);  i.  sign,  properly  sign  made  with 
the  head,  but  also  with  eye  or  hand. 
2.  short  explanation  in  narrative  form, 
note  ;  different  from  Accenno,  which  is 
a  word  not  implying  any  idea  of  ex- 
planation. 3.  signal  given  with  a  bell 
or  other  instrument.  4.  the  bell  an- 
nouncing the  viaticum.  5.  signal  by  a 
trumpet,  usu.  Segnale.  6.  fig.  sign, 
e.g.  of  affection.  7.  slight  symptom, 
e.g.  of  some  disease.  8.  note  by  an 
artist  of  the  features  of  a  landscape, 
with  a  view  to  making  a  picture  from  it. 

*Cennomati  in.  pi.  (It.  cennamo);  brown  colours 
of  any  shade. 

Cennovanta  ;=Centonovanta. 

•Ceno  m.  (A)  (L.  coenum,  filth);  mud.  (B);= 
Cena. 

•Cenobiarca  m.  (Gr.);  abbot. 


*  Cenolento  ;  muddy,  v.  Ceno  (A). 
*CenologiayI  (Gr.  Kon'oAoyia) ;  (mcd.)  consul- 
tation. 

Cen6n-ayi,  -e  »i.;  augm.  Cena. 


on  which  ashes  are  placed,  bucking  cloth.     2.  ashes  Cenbbio    m.    (Gr.    Koivofyov)  \    i.    monastery. 

for  making  lye,     3.  cinder-pan.  2.  (&>/.)  cenobium,  fruit  consisting  of  several  distinct 


.       .  . 

Ceneraiow.  ;  i.  buyer  or  seller  of  ashes.     2. 
Genera  rio. 

Ceneraria  /  ;    (tot.)    i.    Cineraria   hybrida. 
a.    Otara  vitlgaris,  a  cryptogam. 


lobes,  not  terminated  by  a  style  or  stigma,  such  as 
that  of  the  Labiatae. 

Cenob-ita,    -iticamente,    -itico  ;    v,    Ceno- 
bio  (i). 


censure, 
-atrice;  censur- 


Censfto ;    i.  of   property,  assessed. 

2.  (pers.}  assessed,  taxed.     As  so.,  rate- 
payer. 

Censo  in.  (L.);    i.  census.     2.    tax. 

3.  =Catasto,  register.     4.  —  elettorale, 
tax    qualification     for    the     franchise. 
5.  property ;  —  avito,  patrimony.    6.  — 
livellare,    or     absol.     — ,    ground-rent. 
7.    mortgage   interest;    Dare  a  — ,  to 
lend  upon   mortgage.     8.    quasi-fig.   a 
constant  source  of  expense  of  any  kind, 
such  as  the  repairs  of  a  machine.    <)-fig- 
person  who  is  a  perpetual  annoyance. 

Cens6rayi;  spreg.  Censore. 
Censorato  ;«.;  censorship. 
Cens-6re  m.  (L.);  censor.     Aff.  -6rio. 
Censuale  adj.  \  v.  Censo. 

*  Censuare ;  =  Accampionare,  to  register  for  taxa- 
tion. 

Censuario  adj. ;  v.  Censo.  As  sb., 
one  who  pays  a  tax,  etc.,  v.  Censo  (2), 
(6)  and  (7). 

Censuazidne/;  i.  assessment.  2.  lia- 
bility for  taxation.  3.  creation  of  a 
ground-rent  or  mortgage  interest,  v. 
Censo  (6)  and  (7). 

Censura  f.j  i.  censorship.    2.  c 

Censur-abile,  -are,  -atore,  -a 
able,  etc. 

*Centa/.;=Cinta. 

*Centarolo  ;«.;  pig  of  100  Ibs.  weight. 

Centaurea  f.  (L.,<Gr.  «ei*raupir|) ;  (tot.)  i.  — 
minore,  centaury,  Erythraea  centaurium,  so  named 
from  the  reputation  of  Chiron  the  centaur  as  a  herb- 
alist, the  plant  having  tonic  properties.  It  is  also 
called  Biondella,  Cacciafebbre  and  Chironia.  2.  — 
nera,  knapweed,  Centaurea  jacea.  3.  —  maggiore, 
great  centaury,  Centaurea.  officinalis,  also  termed 
Fiele  di  terra.  4.  —  montagnola,  Centaurea  moti- 
tana. 

Centaurizzazione  f. ;  riding  so  as  to  make 
horse  and  rider  seem  like  one  animal. 

Centauro  m.  (L.  <Gr.,  further  etyrn.  dub.); 
i.  centaur.  2.  =  Centaurea,  centaury. 

Centell-are  ind.  centello;  to  sip. 
Aff.  -inare  freq.,  -o  sb.,  -fno  dim. 

Etym.  The  original  form  of  the  word  was  Cian- 
te!lare<**c>'rt/w/Mj,  dim.  of  L.  cyatftus=GT.  xvadot 
<  Kvtti,  to  pour.  Cyatkus  was  the  small  ladle  for 
transferring  wine  from  the  mixing-bowl  to  the  drink- 
ing-cup.  The  n  is  merely  intrusive. 
*Centenaio;  =  Centinaio,  a  hundred. 

Centenariay^ ;  (Ifg.)  prescription  of  a  hundred 
years. 

Centenario;  i.  centenarian.  2.  recurring  every 
hundred  years.  3.  as  sb.,  centenary. 

*  Cen tenne ;  lasting  a  hundred  years. 
'Centesima,  Centesma  f. ;   i.   usury,  rate  of 

interest,  ii.  tax  of  one  per  cent.  iii.  hundredth 
part  of  a  day,  D.  Par.  27.  143,  being  very  nearly 
the  difference  between  the  solar  year  and  that  of 
the  Julian  calendar. 

Centesim-ale ;  centesimal,  -ino  dim.  vezz., 
of  -o. 

Centesimo ;  hundredth.  As  sb.,  cen- 
time. *century. 

y~$"  Centesimo  is  compounded  with 
other  ordinal  numbers,  as  Centesimo 
primo,  secondo,  terzo,  otherwise  Cen- 
tunesimo,  centoduesimo,  centotreesimo, 
and  so  with  -esimo  to  loath,  then  Cen- 
todecimo,  centundecimo,  after  which 
centododicesimo  (which  however  may 

1 8— 2 


140 


CENTESIMUCCIO— CERASO 


be  centoduodecimo),  centotredicesimo, 
ecc. 

Centesimuccio  m. ;  spreg.  Centesimo. 
*Centesm-a;  r-.  Centesima.    *-o,  v.  Centesimo. 
Centiara/f;  one  square  metre,  one-hundredth 
of  an  Ara. 

Centigrade ;  centigrade. 

Centi-grammo,  -Htro,  Centimetro;  one- 
hundredth  of  a  gramme,  etc. 

Centimano;  hundred-handed. 
*Centimorbia;  v.  Centinodia. 

Centina/  (It.  centinare);  I.  (arch.) 
centering,  the  temporary  frame  on  which 
any  vaulted  work  is  constructed.  2.  curve 
in  a  bar.  3.  model  or  mould  for  giving 
a  curve  to  a  piece  of  work ;  —  del  fondo, 
bilge  of  a  ship's  bottom.  4.  in  em- 
broidery, lace  with  smaller  shapes 
worked  round  the  larger  shapes  ;  Punto 
a  — ,  stitch  for  this  kind  of  lace. 
*  =  Centone  (A),  cento  of  a  poem. 

Centinai-o  m.,  with  //.  -a  /;  a 
hundred.  Crescere,  Diventare  di  piu 
centinaia,  to  grow  very  heavy.  *century. 

Centin-are  ind.  centino;  i.  to  arch, 
to  bend  into  an  arch.  2.  to  construct 
the  centering  for  an  arch.  Aff.  -atura. 

Etytn.  Cogn.  Fr.  cintrer,  cintre  (whence  E. 
centering) ;  Span,  cimbra,  cimbrar,  to  shake  a 
flexible  rod,  citnbreno,  flexible ;  Catalan  cindria, 
vaulting ;  bit.  cintrum,  centering.  The  origin  of 
these  words  is  probably  ** cinctitrare,<.\j.  cinctura, 
<  cingere,  to  encircle  ;  but  the  precise  relationship 
cannot  be  traced.  In  Italian,  Centinare  seems  the 
original  word  in  the  sense  of  bending,  whence  Cen- 
tina,  a  bent  bar.  Centina  acquired  the  secondary 
meaning  of  centering,  and  Centinare,  to  build  center- 
ing, is  in  this  sense  its  derivative. 

*  Centinaro  m. ;  a  hundred. 

* Centinerbia  f. ;  =  Piantaggine,  plantain. 

*  Centino  w.;=  Centina  (3),  mould. 
Centin6dia  or  Centonddi /;  (fo/.)=Coreggi- 

uola,  knot-grass. 

Cento  m.(L.  centum  for  **dccen-tum, 
collection  of  tens,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hun- 
dred); hundred.  Esser  del  — ,  of  a 
woman,  not  to  menstruate. 

^^*  In  composition  with  other 
numbers  and  in  reference  to  a  date 
subsequent  to  1000  A.D.  the  thousand  is 
to  be  understood,  so  that  II  cinquecento 
is  the  i6th  century,  Nel  trecento,  in  the 
1 4th  century,  and  so  on. 

Centocapi  in.  ;  (bot.)  Asphodclus  ranwsits, 

Cent6cch-i,  -io  or  Cent6nchio  m. ; 
chickweed,  Stellaria  media,  also  termed 
Budellina,  Erba  canaria,  Erba  gallinella, 
Paperina,  Centone,  Centovice. 

Cento-decimo,  -dicianovesimo,  -dodice- 
simo,  -duesimo,  noth,  ngth,  imh,  io2nd,  7'. 
Centesimo. 

Centofdglie  m.\  (bot.)  yarrow,  Achillea  inille- 
folium. 

Centogambe  m. ;  centipede. 

Centomil-a;  hundred  thousand.    Aff.  -lesimo. 

*  Cent ona  f. ;  =  Centone. 

Centonchio  or  Cint6nchio  m. ;  (bot.) 
i.  i.q.  Centocchi,  chickweed  2.  — 
minore,  three-nerved  sandwort,  Aren- 
aria.  trinervis.  3.  —  rosso,  chaffweed, 
or  bastard  pimpernel,  Centunculus,  also 
termed  Mordigallina.  4.  —  selvatico, 
field  scorpion-grass,  Myosotis  arvensis. 

Cent6ne  m.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr.  Kevrpav, 
patchwork);  i.  cento,  a  composition 
formed  by  scraps  or  parts  of  one  or 
more  poems  pieced  together.  2.  com- 
poser of  a  cento. 

(B)  =  Centonchio  (i). 


tCentonervi  HI. ',  (bot.)  =  Piantaggine,  plantain. 

Centdnia/I;  (bot.)  lavender  cotton,  Sanmina 
chantaecyparissus. 

Centon6di  m. ;  v.  Centinodia. 

Centonovelle  m. ;  book  of  a  hundred  stories, 
esp.  the  Decameron  of  Boccaccio. 

Centopelle  m. ;  tripe,  abomasum. 
t Centospiriti  w.;=Sistro. 

Centovice  m.;  =  Centocchi,  chickweed. 

Central-e,  -ita,  -izzare,  -izzazi6ne ;  central, 
etc. 

Centranto  ?«.;  (bet.)  Centrantkus,  a  genus  of 
Valerian  worts. 

Centrato  (corn.  Fr.  cintre,  v.  Centinare);  in 
heraldry,  (a  stripe)  of  an  arched  shape  across  the 
shield. 

Centrico  ;  passing  through  the  centre,  central. 

Centrifuge ;  centrifugal. 

Centrin-a  f.,  -o  in.  ;  spiny  shark,  centrine, 
Syunlits  centrina. 

Centripeto;  centripetal. 

Centrisco  m. ;  trumpet  fish,  Ccntriscusscolopax. 

Centre  m.  (L.,<Gr.  KeVrpoc,  sharp  point); 
centre. 

Centrongalli  in. ;  seed  of  Schiarea,  wild  clary, 
Salvia  verbenaca,  used  as  a  medicament  for  the 
eyes. 

Centumvir-ale,  -ato,  -o ;  words  relating  to 
the  Centumviri  of  ancient  Rome. 

*Centunculo  ;;/.   (L.);    i.    patchwork   dress   of 
actors,    ii.  (W.)bind-weed,  Polygonltin  convolvulus. 

CentUH-0  or  -a  indecl.  ;  a  hundred 
and  one.  Centun  franco,  Litri  centuno, 
a  hundred  and  one  francs  or  litres.  Ha 
centuna  ragione,  he  is  a  hundred  times 
right,  absolutely  right. 

*Centupede  »/.;  =  Centogambe,  centipede. 

Centupl-icare,  -icatamente,  -o  ;  to  centupli- 
cate, etc. 

*CentupIo  m.;  =  Centopelle,  ruminant  stomach. 
*CenturayC;  =  Cintura,  belt. 

Centuria  f. ;  i.  the  ancient  Roman  century. 
2.  (mil.)  company.  3.  religious  company  of  a 
hundred  men.  4.  collection  of  a  hundred  sonnets. 
5.  (bot.)  i.q.  Centaurea,  centaury. 

Centuriato  (L.);  in  centuries,  v.  Centuria  (i). 
Centuriatore  in. ;  in  pi.  a  group  of  Reformed 
divines  of  Magdeburg  who  in  the  i6tn  century  com- 
posed a  church  history  in  13  volumes,  each  volume 
covering  a  century. 

Centurino  m. ;  waist-belt. 

*Centurio  m. ;  i.  =  Centurione.      ii.  =  Centuria. 
iii.  as  adj,  =  Centuriato. 

Centuridne  m.  (L.);  centurion. 
*i.  scherz.  leader  of  any  troop,     ii.  =  Centuria. 
*Centurone  >n.\  augm.  Centura. 
Cenuccia  f. ;  spreg.  Cena,  poor  supper. 
Cenuro  m. ;  cystic  worm  in  a  sheep's  brain  ;  it 
is  the  scolex  of  Taetiia  coenurus. 
*Cenventi;=Centoventi,  120. 
*Ceologow. ;  drain-pipe. 
tCepa/:;  =  Alosa,  shad. 

Cepite/:;  a  variety  of  agate  with  layers  like 
those  of  an  onion. 

Cepola  f.  (corr.  of  Cipolla,  onion);    i.   ribbon 
fish,   any  of  the  Taeniid  family  of  fishes,     a.   — 
rosseggiante,    onion-fish,    Cepola    rubescens,    locally 
termed    Spada    rpssa,    Pesce    cordela,    Calegnairis, 
Pesce  cipolla  or  ziarelle,  Cipodda,  Bannera  russigna. 
Ceppa  f.  ;  i.  underground  part  of  the  stem  of 
a  tree.     2.  hollow  tree,     t  =  Alosa,  shad. 
Ceppaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Ceppo. 

Ceppaia/  ;  stump,  of  underwood. 

*  Ceppare  ;  =  Radicare,  to  take  root. 

Ceppata/;  i.  quantity  of  stumps. 
2.  =Ceppaia,  a  single  stump.  3.  the 
circle  of  branches  thrown  out  by  a  tree 
at  various  heights. 

Ceppatella  / ;  =  Piantone,  cutting, 
esp.  of  olives. 

Ceppatello  m.  ;  i.  =  Cepperello. 
2.  an  edible  fungus,  Boletus  bovinus, 
the  name  is  from  the  habit  of  this  fungus 
to  grow  near  tree  stumps.  3.  in  the 
hide  trade,  the  part  of  the  ear  which 
remains  attached  to  the  hide. 

Cepperello  m. ;  dim.  Ceppo,  small 
stem  of  a  tree  when  cut  down,  small  log. 
*  =  Ceppatella. 

tCeppicaiay?;  i.  =  Ceppa.   ii.  quantity  of  Ceppe. 


Ceppicale  m.  ;  (papfrm.)  foundation  stones 
forming  a  bed  for  the  partitions  of  the  pulping 
apparatus. 

Ceppic6ne  m.  (for  **ceppitone<?r  **occipitone, 
<  L.  occiput)',  scherz.  noddle,  strictly  back  of  the 
head. 

Ceppit6ni  m.  pi. ;  (tot.)  stinking  groundsel, 
Senecio  mscosus,  also  termed  Cespita. 

Ce"ppo  m.  (L.  cippus,  stake,  cp.  Gr. 
cTKijTrro),  to  prop,  L.  scupus,  —  Gr. 
a-Kairos,  stem,  trunk,  <  root  skap,  v. 
Littrd,  sub  Cep,  Skeat,  sub  Shaft);  i.  root- 
stock,  the  part  of  a  tree  between  the 
roots  and  the  trunk.  2.  the  same  con- 
verted into  a  block,  chopping  block, 
headsman's  block,  etc.  3.  log  of  fire- 
wood. 4.  base  of  a  cross.  5.  plane 
stock,  wooden  part  of  a  carpenter's 
plane.  6.  in  pi.,  stocks  for  confining 
the  feet.  7.  Christmas-box.  Hence : 
8.  Pasqua  di  — ,  or  absol.  Ceppo,  Christ- 
mastide.  9.  stock,  source  of  a  family 
or  race  of  people,  io.  stock,  stolid 
person.  1 1.  block,  group  of  dwellings. 

12.  —  dell'  orecchio,  bone  behind  the 
ear,  the  mastoid  process  of  anatomists. 

13.  stock  of  an  anchor,  its  transverse 
bar.     14.  stock  of  a  plough.     15.  — del 
freno,  brake  block. 

Prov.:  1 6.  Chi  fa  il  —  al  sole  fa  la 
Pasqua  al  fuoco,  i.e.  if  it  is  warm  at 
Christmas  you  must  expect  it  to  be  cold 
at  Easter.  17.  La  scheggia  ritira  dal 
•— ,  the  chip  will  be  like  the  block,  but 
usu.  referring  to  bad  qualities. 

*  i.    bulb.      ii.    foundation   of  a   building,      iii.  — 
Sostegno,  support,     iv.   —  del  freno,  attachment  of 
the  bridle,    v.   money-box  for  alms. 

Ce'r-a/;  i.  beeswax;  — da  scarpe, 
cobbler's  wax.  2.  in  pi.,  waxworks. 
3.  in  many  kinds  of  birds,  cuticle  over 
the  base  of  the  upper  mandible.  4.  com- 
plexion, air,  mien ;  Far  buona  — ,  to 
give  a  kind  reception ;  Far  una  certa  — , 
to  make  a  grimace ;  Una  certa  — ,  a 
queer-looking  person.  5.  Aver  buona 
—  e  cattivi  moccoli,  to  look  healthy  but 
not  to  be  so.  6.  —  di  Spagna,  =  Cera- 
lacca,  sealing-wax.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Etym.  L.  cera,  wax.  In  the  sense  of  facial 
expression  it  has  been  referred  to  bit.  cara,  face, 
which  may  be  from  Gr.  *apa,  head,  but  it  is  more 
probable  that  this  sense  too  is  from  I.,  cera,  cerea, 
waxen  face.  V.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Cheer. 

*Cerafana/!;  silly  woman. 

tCeragio  >«.;  =  Ciliegio,  cherry-tree. 

Cerai61o  in. ;  wax-chandler.  *=  Para- 
cera. 

*Ceraiuolay^;=Candelora,  Candlemas,  Feb.  2. 

Ceralacca  or  Cera  di  Spagna  /  ; 
sealing-wax. 

*  Ceraldo  m. ;  prob.  the  horned  viper,  Cerastes. 
*Ceramella.X;  v.  Cennamella. 

Ceramic-ay^  (Gr.);  pottery.     Ajff".  -o  adj. 
*Cerare;=Incerare,  to  wax. 

*Cerasa  f.  ;=i.   Ciliegia,  cherry,     ii.  cherry-red 
colour. 

Cerasciola  f. ;  (bot.)  black  bryony,  Tamus 
commuiiis,  also  termed  Sigillo  della  Madonna, 
Tamaro. 

Cerasina/;;  gum  exuded  by  a  cherry-tree  or 
any  similar  gum  which  swells  in  water  but  does  not 
readily  dissolve  in  it. 

Ceraso  (L.  cerasus<Gr.  Ktpatros, 
cherry-tree,  perhaps  as  stated  by  Pliny, 
from  Cerasus,  a  city  of  Pontus,  whence 
the  tree  was  brought  by  Lucullus  about 
50  B.C.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cherry) ;  i.  cherry- 
coloured.  2.  Lauro  — ,  =  Lauro  regio, 


CERASTA— CERRO 


141 


cherry  laurel,  Laurus  or  Prunus  lauro- 
cerasus.  3.  as  s6.,  —  odoroso,  fragrant 
cherry-tree,  Cerasus  Mahaleb. 

ti.  =Ciliegio,  cherry-tree,  ii.  —  marine,  =  Cor- 
bezzolo,  arbutus. 

Cerastayl  (L.,<Gr.  <cepa<T7Tj«) ;  i.  horned  viper, 

Cerastes,    2.  (hot.)  mouse-ear  chickweed,  Cerastinm. 

Ceraste  m. ;   i.  irreg.  pi.  of  Cerasta.     2.  grub 

which  attacks  fig  and  fir  trees.     3.  fig.  insatiability. 

*  Cerata  /. ;    i.  =  Incerato,   oil-skin,      ii.    dram 

weight. 

Cerato  m. ;  (med.}  scented  ointment 
of  wax  and  oil. 

Ceraunio  m.  (Gr.) ;  i.  fossil  shark's  tooth. 
2.  meteoric  stone. 

*Cerazione./;  in  alchemy,  fixation  of  mercury 
by  making  it  waxy. 

Cerbaia_/^;  plantation  of  Turkey  oaks,  Cerri. 

Cerbero/w. ;  i.  Cerberus.  2.  scfifrz.  =  Cervello, 
brain.  3.  (mus.)  a  kind  of  ophicleide.  4.  a  genus  of 
tropical  trees  with  poisonous  fruit,  of  the  order 
Apocynaceae. 

Cerbiatto  m. ;  fawn. 

Cerbiattolino  m. ;  i .  young  fawn. 
2.  fig.  timid  person. 

•Cerbio  w.;  =  Ccrvo,  stag. 

Cerboneca  (Cerbonea)  f.  (**  acertmiica  <  L. 
acerbus) ;  sour  wine. 

Cerbottana  (Cierbottana,  Ciorbot- 
tana)  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  sarbacane,  Span. 
cerbata.no.)  <  Arabic  zabatana,  which  may 
be  the  Malay  sumpitan,  blow-pipe); 
i.  pea-shooter.  2.  speaking-tube  for 
the  deaf.  3.  fig.  Sapere  per  — ,  to  have 
indirect  knowledge  of.  4.  an  early 
form  of  fire-arm. 

Ce"rca/  (It.  cercare);  quest. 

•i.  Dare  alia  — ,  =  Cercare,  to  seek.  ii.  (Andare) 
alia  — ,  on  a  tour  of  inspection,  iii.  tour  of  visits. 
iv.  Darsi  alia  — ,  to  become  a  beggar. 

Cercabrlghe  m. ;  =  Accattabrighe. 

Cercare  ind.  ce>co  (mlt.  circare,  to 
go  round, <L.  circum  or  circa};  i.  to 
seek  for.  2.  to  fetch.  3.  to  make  a 
searching  examination  of.  4.  intr.  to 
try.  5.  —  di  Frignuccto,  Cercarsele  a 
danari  contanti,  or  —  Maria  -per  Ra- 
venna, to  bring  trouble  upon  oneself 
unnecessarily. 

*i.  to  know  completely,  ii.  =  Cimentare,  to  test, 
iii.  for  Cerchiare,  to  encircle. 

Cercaria./  (Gr.  KCPKOC,  tail);  a  parasitic  worm, 
the  larva  of  the  fluke,  Distotnn,  v.  Bisciola. 

Cerc-ata,  search,  -atina  (dim.  -ata),  -at6ra, 
-at6re ;  v.  Cercare. 

CercedulayC;=  Marzaiola,  Garganey  teal. 
•Ccrceiom.;  earring. 
Cercevolo  m. ;  =  Alzavola,  teal. 

CercMa  /  ;  circle,  esp.  of  the  walls 
of  a  city. 

Cerchiaio  m.  ;  i.  hoop-maker. 
2.  chestnut-plantation  kept  as  under- 
wood for  hoops. 

Cerchiare  ind.  ceVchio;  i.  to  hoop. 
2.  to  encircle. 

Cerchiata  / ;  trees  trained  or 
trimmed  so  as  to  form  an  arched 
passage. 

Cerchi-atore,  -atura;  71.  Cerchiare. 

Cerchiellino  m. ;  i.  ring.  2.  group 
of  people. 

Cerchiello  m.  ;  i.  small  hoop. 
2.  earring.  3.  =  Bronzina,  box  of  a 
wheel.  4.  ring  for  gauging  the  size  of 
cannon-balls.  5.  revolving  ring  from 
which  wicks  are  hung  in  candle-making 


to  receive  the  melted  wax  successively. 
6.  (anal.)  tracheal  ring.  7.  =  Capan- 
nello,  clique. 

Cerchiettare  ;  to  encircle  with  a 
little  hoop. 

Cerchiettino  m.  ;  i.  small  circle  or 
ring.     2.    small  group  of  people. 
Cerchietto  »i.  ;  dim.  Cerchio. 

CeYchio  (Cerco)  m.  (L.  circus,  akin 
to  Gr.  KipKos,  Kpiiios,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Circle, 
Ring);  i.  circle.  2.  hoop.  3.  hoop-ring 
for  the  finger.  4.  crinoline.  5.  (mar.) 
—  scorrevole  per  la  mura  del  flocco, 
jib  traveller,  a  loose  iron  ring  encircling 
the  jib-boom  and  connected  with  the 
tack  of  a  jib  ;  it  slides  along  the  boom 
to  facilitate  the  hauling  out  or  in  of  the 
sail  it  carries. 

*i.  Misurare  il  —  ,  to  square  the  circle,  ii.  gar- 
land. iii.  —  della  settimana,  period  of  a  week. 
iv.  —  divino,  meeting  of  the  gods.  v.  —  del  ciglip, 
=  SopraccigllOj  eyebrow,  vi.  =  Circo,  circus,  vii.  in 
a  galley,  the  stick  with  which  the  Comito,  boatswain, 
flogged  the  galley-slaves. 

Cerchioguida  in.  ;  (mar.)  i.  —  esterno,  yard- 
arm  iron,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.  (plate  99,  H,  6). 
2.  —  interne,  quarter-iron,  TJ.  Paasch  (plate  99, 
H,  5). 

Cerchiolino  m.  ;  dim.  Cerchio. 

Cercbibne  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Cerchio, 
esp.  large  earring.  2.  (vet.)  transversal 
prominence  in  a  horse's  hoof.  3.  —  da 
ruota,  tyre. 

•Cerchiovito  m.  ;  =  Circuito. 
*Cercinata_/T;  blow  given  with  a  Cercine. 


m.  (L.  circinus  <  Gr.  Kipxivos, 
circle);  i.  porter's  knot,  pad.  2.  swell- 
ing on  the  stem  of  a  plant  where  it  has 
been  constricted.  3.  glass  ring  round 
the  top  of  a  wine-bottle. 

*  Cerco  m.  ;  L=  Cerchio.  ii.  =Cherico.  iii.  syncop. 
part,  of  Cercare;  Cacciare  pel  —  ,  to  hunt  what 
has  already  been  searched,  i.e.  to  waste  one's 
efforts. 

Cerconcello  m.  ;  =  Crescione,  watercress. 

Cerc6ne  m.  ;  bad  wine.  Prov.  Da 
cattivo  debitore  aceto  e  vin  —  ,  one 
must  take  what  is  to  be  had. 

tCerconi  adv.;  in  phrases  such  as  V6  —  ,  Va'  —  , 
=  Vail'  a  piglia,  Vali'  a  cerca,  meaning  Let  us  have 
the  real  truth  of  the  matter. 

Cercopiteco  m.  (L.<Gr.);  monkey. 

Cereale(L.);  cereal. 

Cerebr-o  m.  (L.);  =  Cervello,  brain.     Aff.  -ale. 

Cereleo  m.  ;  waxy  ointment. 

Cereo  ;  waxy. 

Cerepisco  m.;  ointment  of  wax  and  pitch. 

Cereria  /  ;  wax-chandler's  shop. 

Cere'tta/;  i.  =Cerino,  pomatum 
stick.  2.  beeswax  for  polishing  shoes. 

Cerettaio  m.  ;  wax-chandler. 

Cerfdglio  (Cerfuglio)  m.  (L.  caere/olium<GT. 


Ciarafuglione,  bungler. 

Cerico  adj.;  v.  Cerio  (2). 
tCerignuolo  m.;  game-basket. 

Cerim6ni-a,  Cerem6ni-a  (Cilimonia,  Ciri- 
inonia)  f.  (L.  caerimonia) ;  ceremony.  Aff.  -ale, 
-ere,  master  of  the  ceremonies,  -osamente,  -oso 
as  E. 

Cerino  m. ;  i.  stick  or  tube  of  po- 
matum for  waxing  the  hair.  2.  wax 
lucifer-match.  3.  wax  taper. 

Cerint-a  /.,  or  -o  m. ;  (hot.)  honeywort,  i>. 
Erba  (IJ4). 

Ceriow.;  i.=Cero.     2.  the  metal  cerium. 


Cerite  /;  the  mineral  which  yields  cerium. 
*Ceriuolo  m.  ;  —  Ciurmalore,  quack. 
•Cermanellay:;  probably  =  Cennamella. 
•Cerna,/  (A);  a  fish  =  Pesce  cappone,  v.  Cap- 
pone  (4). 

(B)  (It.  cernere);  i.  selection;  Far  la  —  ,  (mil.) 
to  divide  the  soldiers  of  an  army  into  their  various 
corps,  ii.  division,  compartment,  D.  Par.  32.  30. 
iii.  (mil.)  man  rejected  as  unserviceable,  iv.  raw 
recruit,  v.  recruiting,  vi.  untrained  levies,  militia. 
Cernecchiare  ;  dim.frtq.  of  Cernere. 

Cernecchio  m.  (etym.  dub.)  ;  stray 
lock  of  hair. 

Cernecchi6n-e  in.,  -a/  ;  person  with 
ruffled  hair. 

•Cernere  (L.);  i.  to  separate,  ii.  to  select. 
iii.  to  discern,  iv.  to  sift  (meal),  v.  to  allocate  ; 
II  voler  di  colui  che  qui  ne  cerne,  the  will  of  him 
who  doth  place  us  here.  D.  Par.  3.  75. 

tCernia/^;  i.  i>.  Sciarrano  (2).     ii.  v.  Cerniola. 

*Cernicey^;  TJ.  Cervogia. 

*  Cernida  f.  ;  =  Cerna. 

Cerniera  /  (bit.  cardinaria  <  L. 
cardo,  hinge,  cp.  Fr.  charntire)  ;  hinge, 
esp.  hinged  clasp  for  shutting  the  mouth 
of  a  purse. 

CerniilayC;  spring-headed  perch,  Holocentrxs, 
locally  termed  Adotto,  Cernia  di  scoglio,  Cernio, 
Liixerna,  Scnrpena  selvadega. 

*  Cernire  ;  a  varia_nt  of  Cernere. 

*  Cernis  ;  v.  Cernice. 
•Cernita  ;  v.  Cerna. 

tCernitoio  in.;  beam  of  a  bolting  sieve. 

Cernitore  m.  ;  one  who  works  with  a  bolting 
sieve. 

Cernuto  ;  part.  Cernere,  q.v.  (iv). 

Cero  m.  (L.  cet-eum,  waxen);  large  wax  candle. 

*  Aver  scopato  piii  d'  un  —  ,  (a)  to  be  a  man  of  the 
world  ;  (6)  to  have  been  a  great  thief. 

Ceroene  m.  ;  soothing  plaster. 

Ceroferario  m.  (mlt.);  (eccl.)  candle 
bearer  at  a  church  function. 

*  Ceroma  m.  ;   i.  ointment  of  oil  and  wax  used 
by  the   ancient  wrestlers,      ii.    room    where    they 
rubbed  it  on. 

Ceromele  m.  ;  plaster  of  wax  and 
honey. 

Cerdna/  ;  augm.  Cera,  q.i>.  (4). 

Ceropl-asta,  -astica  ;  wax-modeller, 
modelling. 

Ceroslna/  ;  kerosene.    . 

Cerdso  ;  i.  waxen.    2.  v.  Cerio  (2). 

Cerdssilo  m.  ;  (6i>f.)  wax  palm,  Ceroxylon. 

Cerdtico;  Acido  —  ,  an  extract  of  wax.  Alcool 
—  ,  i.a.  Cerotina. 

CerotinayT;  one  of  the  constituents  of  China 
wax. 

Cer6tt-o  m.  (L.  ceroium,  <  Gr. 
TOV,  <  toipos,  wax)  ;  i.  wax  plaster,  i. 
tiresome  person,  bore.  3.  (paint.)  daub. 
4.  tasteless  ornament  on  a  lady's  dress. 
*  short  wax  candle.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-ino  dim. 

*CerozzayI;  augm.  Cera  (4% 

Cerpellino  ;  =  Scerpellino,  bloo<Ishot. 
•Cerqua/Tj  metathesis  for  Quercia,  oak. 

Cerra/  ;  Turkey  acorn. 

Cerracchi-dlo  tftttt.t  -6ne  augin.\  v.  Cerro. 
*Cerrare;  =  Accerrare,  to  adorn  with  a  fringe. 
*Cerret-a  or  -aia  f.  ;  =  Cerreto,  Turkey  oak 
plantation. 

Cerretdno  m.  ; 
bank. 

Etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  **cfrritantus<L.  cerri- 
tus,  crazy,  syncop.  from  cerebritus  ;  but  in  any  case 
Cerretano  is  not  a  variant  of  Ciarlatano  though  the 
meaning  is  the  same. 

Cerreto  m.  ;  forest  of  Turkey  oaks. 

Cerretta./  ;  (bot.)  common  saw-wort,  Serratutti 
tinctoria,  one  of  the  thistle  tribe. 

Cdrro  m.  (A)  (with  variant  Cierro) 


Ciarlatano,  mounte- 


142 


CERROLINO— CESTO 


(L.,  cogn.  with  quercus,  <  root/for,  hard); 
Turkey  oak,  Quercus  cerris. 

* Prw.  Aver  la  coda  nel  — ,  to  be  unable  to 
escape.  Mostrar  datteri  per  cerri,  or  men  che 
cerri,  to  mislead,  deceive. 

*(B)  (L.  cirrus,  fringe,  tuft);  i.  fringe,  ii.  lock 
of  hair.  iii.  =Brocco,  sucker. 

*Cerrolino  »/.;  dim.  Cerro(B)(i). 

*Cerr6ne  m.;  aiifm.  Cerro  (B)  (ii). 

Cerrosughero  m. ;  a  variety  of  oak  with  leaves 
resembling  those  of  the  cork  oak,  Qnercits  pseudo- 
suoer. 

•Cerruto;  abounding  in  Turkey  oaks. 
Certaldese  m.\  Boccaccio  (born  at  Certaldo). 

Certame  m.  (\..<certare,  to  decide 
by  fighting, /hy.  of  Cernere,  to  decide) ; 
(poet.}  combat. 

Certam£nte;  certainly. 

CertijzayC;  certainty. 

Certiay?;  =  Cerzta,  tree-creeper. 

Certific-are  ind.  certifico,  -ato;  as  E. 

Certo  (I,.,  old  part,  of  Cernere,  to  separate); 
certain. 

t=Stacciato,  sifted,  v.  Cernere  (iv), 

Cert6ne  tn.;  a  fish  resembling  a  small  tunny. 

Cert6s-ay^;  I.  Carthusian  monastery, 
from  Chartreuse,  a  mountain  in  Dau- 
phind  where  St  Bruno  formed  the  first 
foundation  of  this  Order.  2.  Chartreuse, 
the  liqueur.  Aff.  -mo  adj. 

*  Certugino  ;  =  Certosino,  Carthusian. 

Certuni ;  certain  persons,  usu.  spreg. 

tCeruferari  m.  pi.;  church  candlesticks. 
•CeruleayC;  lapis  lazuli. 
Ceriileo  or  Cerulo  (L.);  blue. 

Cerume  m. ;  i.  wax  drippings  from 
candles.  2.  wax  of  the  ears. 

Cerusa;  v.  Cerussa. 

Cerusi-co  m.,  pi.  -chi  (var.  of  Chirurgo) ; 
surgeon.  Aff.  -caccio  spreg.,  -chello  dim.  sfreg. 

Cerussa/  (L.  <  cera,  wax) ;  i.  white 
lead.  2.  —  d'  antimonio,  white  oxide 
of  antimony. 

Cerva,  Cervia/;  hind. 

Cervato  ;  dapple-grey,  tas  si.,  = 
Cerro,  Turkey  oak. 

Cervellaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Cervello, 
madcap. 

Cervellaggine  /  ;  strange  caprice. 
Cervellata/;  potted  pig's  brains, 
Milanese  sausage. 

Cervelldtto  m.  •  i .  (anat.)  cerebellum. 
2.  =Cervellino. 

Cervelliera  / ;  i.  (hist.)  steel  cap. 
2.  a  variety  of  vine. 

Cervelliero  m. ;  steel  cap  maker. 

Cervellfno  m.  •  i.  dim.  Cervello. 
2.  weak-minded  person.  3.  head-cover- 
ing for  a  woman.  As  adj.,  pigheaded. 

Cervello  m.  (bit.  cervellum  <  L. 
cerebellum,  dim.  of  cerebrum);  brain. 
Phrases:  i.  Avere  il  —  sopra  la  ber- 
retta,  to  have  a  topsy-turvy  sort  of 
mind.  2.  Essere  or  Stare  in  — ,  to  be 
on  the  alert.  3.  Mettere  il  —  a  partito, 
to  give  one's  mind  to  the  matter  in 
hand.  4.  Metier  ad  alcuno  il  --  a 
partito,  to  call  him  to  account,  bring 
him  to  reason,  v.  infra  (i).  5.  Chi  non 
ha  —  abbia  gambe,  if  you  forget  a 
thing  you  will  have  to  go  and  fetch  it. 
6.  —  d'  un  ponte,  the  thickness  of  a 
bridge  in  the  vertical  line  at  the  highest 
point  of  the  arch. 

*i.  =  Cervellata.  ii.  Metier  ad  alcuno  il  —  a 
partito,  to  confound  him  completely,  cp.  supra  (3) 
and  (4). 


Cervellonaggine/  ;  v.  Cervellone  (2). 

Cervell6ne  m.  ;   i.  augm.  Cervello. 
2.    queer,  stupid,  obstinate  man. 
•Cervelloso;  obstinate. 

Cervell6tic-q  ;  fantastic,  over- 
strained, capricious.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Cervell-uccio  dim.,  -uto  scherz.  brainy,  -uzzo 
dim.  sprfg.;  v.  Cervello. 

Cervett-ino,  -o;  v.  Cerviettino,  etc. 

Cervia  /  ;  pop.  for  Cerva,  hind. 
Cerviatt-O  m.  ;  fawn.   Aff.  -ello  dim. 

Cervfce/  (L.);  i.  back  of  the  neck; 
(Gente)di  dura  —  ,  stiff-necked.  2.  (anat.) 
neck,  cervix.  *head.  (Uomo)  di  larga 
—  ,  presumptuous. 

•Cervicoso;  obstinate. 

Cervier-e  or  -o  (L.  cervarius,  stag- 
like);  Lupo  —  ,  =  Lince,  lynx;  this  is 
VVmy'slupuscervaiiHS,  lynx,  presumably 
as  being  a  sort  of  deer-attacking  wolf. 

Cervie'tt-a,  -o,  -fna,  -Ino,  dim.  or 
sub-dim,  of  Cervia  or  Cervio,  deer. 

*  Cervigia  ;  v.  Cervogia. 

Cervin-a  f.,  -o  m.  ;  fawn. 

Cervin-o;  i.  (hot.)  Spina  -a,  or  Spin 
cervino,  common  buckthorn,  Rhamnus 
catharlicus.  2.  Monte  —  ,  the  Matter- 
horn. 

Cervio  ;  v.  Cervo. 

Cervi-one  m.,  -6nsi/.,  -6tto  m.;  augms.  of 
Cervi-o  or  -a. 

Cervo  or  pop.  Cervio  (L.,v.  Corno); 
i.  stag.  2.  —  volante,  (a)  stag-beetle, 
Lucanus  cenms,  (b)  boy's  kite,  v.  Aqui- 
lone. 

*  Cervogia  (Cervigia,  Cernice,  Cervosa)  f.  (L. 
cert'isia,  of  Celtic  origin  ;   v.  Littre,  sub  Ccrvoisf)  ; 
herb-  beer. 

•Cervona,  Cerviona  f.  ;  i.  glue,  r>.  Carnicci. 
Prov.  Lc  donne  hanno  1'  anima  attaccata  al  corpo 
con  la  colla  cerviona,  i.e.  women  are  more  long- 
lived  than  men.  ii.  a  species  of  snake. 

*  Cervosa  ;  v.  Cervogia. 

Cerzia  f.;  i.  -  -  cenerina,  tree- 
creeper,  Certhia.  2.  —  muraiola,  nut- 
hatch, Sitta  Europaea. 

Cerzior-are  ind.  cerzidro;  (leg.)  i.  to 
inform  (a  client)  of  the  nature  of  a  deed 
he  is  executing.  2.  to  confirm  ;  -arsi, 
to  ascertain.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Cesale  ;  -•.  Cisale. 

Cesalpinia  f.  ;  (hot.)  Caesalpinia,  one  species 
of  which  furnishes  the  sappan-wood  of  commerce, 
used  in  dyeing. 

Cesare;  i.  Caesar.  2.  emperor.  3.  Amico  —  , 
i'.  Ciliegia. 

Cesare-o  ;  imperial.  Poeta  —  ,  poet  of  the 
Viennese  court.  Parte  -a,  the  imperial  German 
party  as  opposed  to  that  of  the  kings  of  France. 

Cesariano  ;  relating  to  Caesar. 

*  Cesarie  f.  (L.  ctitsaries)  ;  hair. 
•Cesariese  >«.  ;  one  of  the  family  of  the  Caesars. 

Cesarismo  m.  ;  military  rule  under  free  forms. 
Cesatura  f.  ;   cutting  a  mammal  crop,  v.   So- 
vescio. 

Cesell-ame'n.to  chasing,  -are  to  en- 
grave, -atdre,  -atura  chased  work,  -e'tto 
or  -Ino  dim.  ;  v.  -o. 

Cesello  (Cisello)  m.  (**  caesillus,  a 
variant  of  L.  cisorium,  cutting  tool,  < 
caesum,  supine  of  caedo)  ;  engraver's  or 
sculptor's  chisel. 


chia. 


Cesena^;  =  Tordela  gazzina,  fieldfare. 
Cesenese  tn.  ;  a  variety  of  vine. 
Ceserbne  tn.  ;  a  variety  of  chic 


k  pea,  v.  Cicer- 


*Cesio  (L.  caesins);  blue.  As  so.,  caesium,  the 
metal. 

*Cesmare  ;  variant  of  Azzimare,  to  dress  up. 

CesoiatayC ;  cut  with  scissors. 

Ces6ie  or  Ci§6ie  /  pi.  (L.  cisoriitm, 
< caedo,  to  cut) ;  i.  embroidery  scissors. 
2.  shears,  for  cutting  metal.  *tongs. 

Aff.  Cesoi-ette  dim.  vezz.,  -ne <#>«.,  -nnzaiignt., 
-ucce  dim.  spreg. 

*  Cesolfaut  ;  v.  Cisolfaut. 
*Cesone;«.;  leaden  counter. 
*CespelIino  ;  =  Cerpellino,  bloodshot. 

*  Cespicare  ;  =  Incespicare,  to  stumble. 
CespitayC;  =  Ceppttoni,  stinking  groundsel. 

Cespite  m.  (L.  caespes);  \.  =Cespo. 

2.  fig.  head  of  revenue  in  an  account 
book. 

Cespitdso ;  bushy. 

C6spo  m.  (L.  caespes,  sod,  which 
apparently  came  to  mean  heap  of  vege- 
tation, hence  as  in  Italian) ;  small  shrub. 

Cespugli-o  (Cispuglio)  M.  (**caespu- 
culum,  dim.  of  L.  caespes);  clump  of 
shrubs.  *enclosure.  Aff.  -dtto  dim., 
-6so. 

*Cessagione./;  i.  cessation,     ii.  departure. 
•Cessaiola  /.;—  Ballerina,  wagtail. 
*Cessame;«.;  i.  filth,    ii.  group  of  dirty  people. 
*Cessante  7«. ;  i.  bankrupt  ///.  or  Jig.     ii.  exile, 
iii.  sinner. 

Cess-are  ind.  cesso  (L.,  freq.  of 
cedere,  to  go);  i.  to  cease;  Cessi  Dio, 
God  forbid !  2.  to  come  to  an  end. 

3.  to   retire   (from  business)  ;     II   -ato 
Governo  del  Granduca,  the  old  Grand 
Ducal  govermnent. 

*i.  to  prevent;  Perche  la  morte  cessa,  because  it 
will  delay  his  death.  D.  Inf.  19.  51.  ii.  to  go  bank- 
rupt, iii.  Far  — ,  to  send  away.  iv.  to  go  away, 
v.  to  happen,  vi.  -arsi,  to  take  refuge.  Aff.  -azione. 

Cessino  ;//. ;  excremental  manure. 
Cessionario  m. ;  grantee,  concession- 
naire. 

Cessidne  /;    i.    political    cession. 

2.  (com.)  assignment. 

Cesso  m.  (for  **Secesso,  <  L.  se- 
cessus,  part,  of  secedere,  cp.  Sicilian 
secessu) ;  privy. 

*  i.    part,    of  Cedere.      ii.    syncop.    for   Cessato. 
iii.  =Cessazione,  cessation;  Stare  in  — ,  to  abstain; 
Mettere  in  — ,  to  abandon,  to  neglect;  Di,  o  /-Da  — , 
far  off.     iv.  wretchedness. 

*Cessolino  m.;  dirty  fellow. 

C6st-a  /  (L.  cista<Gr.  KIOTT/)  ; 
i.  hamper;  in  //.,  paniers ;  A  -e,  in 
abundance.  2.  a  sort  of  wicker  cart  for 
transporting  wine,  made  in  basket-work. 

3.  =  Nassa,  eel-pot.     4.  (mar.)  skip. 

Aff.  -aio,  basket-maker,  *  baker's  boy  (who 
carries  the  bread-basket),  -ella  dim.,  -ellfno  (tiint. 
of  -ello),  -ello  dim.,  -ma  dim. 

Cestinare  ind.  cestino ;  scherz.  to  throw  into 
the  Cestino. 

Cestfno  m. ;  \.  small  hamper,  cage 
for  live  fish,  bird-cage,  etc.  2.  waste- 
paper  basket.  3.  —  d'  oro,  (tot.)  gold- 
dust,  v.  Alisso. 

Cestire  ;  =  Accestire,  if.  Cesto  (C). 
CestO  m.  (A)  (Gr.  Kcoror);   cestus, 
girdle  of  Venus. 

(B)  (L.  caeslus < caedere,  to  strike); 
i.  boxing-glove.  2.  boxing. 

Ce'sto  m.  (A)  (L.  cistus,  =  Gr.  nio-Bos, 
which  was  some  shrub  with  red  flowers); 
I.  head  of  certain  plants  such  as  lettuce 
and  cabbage.  2.  stool  of  shoots  thrown 
up  by  a  stump  of  chestnut,  ash,  etc., 


CESTOIDEI— CHIACCHIERARE 


after  cutting;  Far  — ,  of  corn,  to  tiller 
out,  to  form  a  number  of  stems  on  the 
same  root;  Bel  — ,  iron,  of  a  person 
who  thinks  himself  handsome;  lo  spo- 
sare  il  tale?  e  proprio  un  bel  — ,  I 
marry  him?  he  is  a  fine  fellow! 
(B)  =  Cesta,  hamper,  but  smaller. 

*i.  Pr<n<.  Chi  non  si  contenta  dell'  onesto  Perde 
il  manico  e  il  cesto,  be  content  with  a  fair  profit,  for 
if  you  overfill  your  hamper  the  handle  will  break  and 
you  lose  all.  ii.  Lodatevi,  cesto,  che  avete  bel 
manico,  said  to  one  who  had  been  praising  himself. 
iii.  Cesti  e  canestri,  "one  thing  and  another,"  lit. 
hampers  and  basket-*,  a  phrase  like  1*  and6  la  stette, 
he  went  on  and  he  stopped,  used  without  meaning 
anything  by  people  at  a  loss  for  anything  else  to 
say.  iv,  the  stump  on  which  a  stool  of  shoots  stands, 
v.  supra  (2).  v.  =CeppO,  q.i>.  (i).  vi.  qitasi-fig .  = 
Deretano,  rump.  vii.  genealogical  stock,  vm.  = 
Cespuglio,  clump  of  bushes. 

Cestoidei  m.  //,  (Gr.  neoTos,  girdle);  tape- 
worms. 

C^stola  f.  j  dim.  Cesta,  basket  trap 
for  birds. 

*CestolinayC;=:Cestino. 

Cestdne  m. ;  augm.  Cesta;  I.  Avere 
il  capo  com1  un  — ,  to  feel  as  if  one's 
head  was  swollen,  from  noise.  2.  Sco- 
tere  il  — ,  scherz.  to  shake  one's  head  in 
disapproval.  3.  (metallurg.)  a  certain 
kind  of  oven.  4.  (mil.)  gabion,  sand- 
basket. 

Cest6so;  well-tillered,^.  Cdsto  (A). 

*CestottayC;  augm.  Cesta. 

C&stro  w.(L.,<Gr.  K«n-poz>);  i.  stylus 
used  in  encaustic  painting.  2.  (bot.)  a 
genus  of  shrubs,  Cestrum. 

Cestrfcta  /;  encaustic  tile. 
Cestrbto  m.  ;  encaustic  painting. 

Cestuto;  (lettuce)  with  a  good  head, 
v.  Cesto  (C). 

CesurayC  (L.);  in  versification,  caesura. 
Cetaceo  (I,,  cetus,  Gr.  KTJTOS,  whale) ;  cetacean. 
Cete_/;;  =  Ceto,  whale. 
tCet^nnayC;  wobbler  (person  or  thing). 
Ceteno  m, ;  distillate  from  spermaceti. 
Cetera  ;  T.  (Jetra. 

*  Ceterato  ;  with  the  usual  etceteras. 
'Ceteratoio  m.;  Andarsene  col  — ,  to  go  away 

with  nothing  but  promises. 

Ceterista  w.;  =  Citarista,  zither-player. 

*  Ceterone    w.  •    i.    augm.    Cetera.       ii.    (leg.) 
summons,   so  called  from  the  number  of  etceteras 
in  its  composition. 

Cetj./;  powdered  glass. 

Cetinay;;  i.  (chem.)  a  principle  in  spermaceti. 
2.  charcoal -pit. 

Cetino  m.\  (bot.)  i.  cow-wort,  yaccaria,  also 
termed  Stringolo  da  fiori  rossi,  Mezzettino.  a.  an 
Indian  wood. 

Cdto  m.  (A)  (L.  coetus  <  coire) ; 
class,  rank. 

(B)  Ceto  or  Cete  (L.,<Gr.  K^TO?);  = 
Balena,  whale. 

Ce"tra   /    (A)    (L.,  <  Gr.    t«6apa) ; 

1.  zither.     2.    (fig)  poetry. 

*(B)(L.);  shield. 

Cetracca  (Citracca,  Cedracca)yC  (bit.  ceterah, 
late  Gr.  Kirapa.*,  eft.  Fr.  cftfrac,  E.  cetrach  ;  of 
Arabic  origin);  a  fern,  scaly  spleenwort,  also  termed 
Erba  dorata,  v.  Erba(4i). 

*Cetrangolo  m.\  =  Cedrangolo,  Seville  orange. 

Cetrarico  ;  Acido  —  ,  i.q.  Cetrarina. 

Cetrarina/;  (chew.)  an  extract  from  Iceland 
moss 

Cetrfna   f. ;     i.  =  Cedrina,     lemon    verbena. 

2.  =  Cedronella,   balm. 

•Cetrino;  blue. 
Cetriolino  »i.  (dim,  Cetriolo);  gherkin. 

Cetriblo,  Cedridlo,  or  pop.  Treci61o 
(Cetriuolo,  Cedriuolo,  Citriolo)  m. ; 

1.  (bot.)    cucumber,    Cucumis    saliva. 

2.  A^ir?.  =  Baggiano,  blockhead.  3.  Can- 


dire  un  —  ,  to  do  what  is  silly,  throw 
away  one's  time. 

Etym.  An  offshoot  of  L.  citrus',  the  connection 
seems  to  be  through  the  colour  of  a  pumpkin  and  the 
general  likeness  of  a  cucumber  to  a  pumpkin  or  other 
gourd,  that  is  to  say,  the  pumpkin  must  have  been 
called  citrum  or  cedrum,  i.e.  the  yellow  thing,  and 
the  cucumber  received  the  name  of  **citriolum, 
i.e.  small  pumpkin.  Cp.  Fr.  citrouille,  pumpkin. 
*Cetro  »/.;  i.  =Cetra.  ii.  =Cedro. 

Che  (A)  (L.  qui,  quern  or  quae)  ; 
i.  who,  whom,  which,  what.  2.  when; 
Nel  tempo  che  tu  nascesti,  at  the  time 
when  you  were  born.  3.  with  the  force 
of  a  sb.j  thing;  Un  che  or  Un  minimo 
che,  the  least  bit;  Un  bel  che,  iron,  a 
nice  thing;  Un  gran  che,  a  fine  thing. 
4.  Che  e  che  non  e,  (a)  in  a  moment  ; 
Che  e  che  non  e,  1'  amico  ci  pianto,  our 
friend  was  gone  in  a  second  ;  (b)  from 
time  to  time  ;  Che  e  che  non  e,  mi  fa 
delle  sue  solite,  he  is  always  playing 
me  some  trick  or  other.  5.  Sia...che, 
whether...  or. 

(B)  (L.  quid)\  what! 

(C)  (L.  quam)  ;  than,  as. 

(D)  (L.  quod)\  (as  conjunction)  that. 

(E)  (L.  quia)\  because. 

*i.  =  Sebbene.  ii.  as  a  kind  of  general  relative 
standing  for  who,  whose,  where,  when,  etc.,  as  the 
sense  requires.  Sono  i  fichi  di  quel  fico  che  voi  mi 
mandaste,  the  figs  are  off  that  tree  to  which  you  sent 
me,  eke  standing  for  al  quale  \  Quelle  foglie  che  la 
materia  e  tu  mi  farai  degno,  those  laurels  of  which 
my  subject  with  thy  aid  shall  make  me  worthy, 

D.  Par.  i.  27.    iii.  partly.    Donolle  che  in  gioie  e  che 
in  vasellamenti  d"  oro,  he  gave  them  partly  in  jewels 
and  partly  in  vessels  of  gold.    iv.  Di  che,  =  Acciocche, 
in  order  that  ;  II  di  che=Laonde,  in  consequence  of 
which,     v.  =  Finche,  until. 

*Cheboli  m.  pl.\  a  variety  of  Mirabolani. 
Checchia  f.;    (niar.)    ketch.     Etym.     Either 

E.  ketch,  or  else  a  variant  of  It.  Caicco,  which  is  of 
Turkish  origin. 

Checchino  m.\  II  sor  —  ,  one  who  cannot  make 
himself  respected,  though  he  may  be  at  the  head  of 
affairs. 

Cheche;  whatever. 

Ch'  ech'  e;  from  time  to  time. 

Checheare  (intit.);  to  cackle. 

Chechessia;  for  Che  che  sia,  whatever. 

*  Ched  ;  old  form  of  Che,  v.  Che  (D). 

*  Chedere  ;  =  Chiedere,  to  ask. 

*  Cheggere  ;  =  Chiedere,  to  ask. 

Cheiranto  m.\  wall-flower,  Cheir- 
anthus. 


Cheirdtteri;  v.  Chirotteri. 


«i    claws); 


Chfcle  /   pi.    (Gr. 
nippers. 

*Cheli/  (Gr.  x<Avf,  tortoise);  lyre. 
'Chelidonia:  v.  Celidonia. 

*  C  helidro,  Chilidro,  Chilindro  or  Colidro  m. 
(L..  <  Gr.  x«'Aufipos)  ;  i.  water-snake,     ii.  turtle. 

*Chello;  pop.  for  Quello. 

Chelotomia  f.  (Gr.  xoZAos,  ro^>;  (sitrg.) 
operation  for  the  radical  cure  of  hernia. 

ChcnaI6pece  m.  (Gr.  Y^V>  goose,  aAwn^^, 
fox);  Egyptian  goose,  Chenal&pex, 

*Chene;  pop.  amplification  of  Che,  what? 

Chenopodiow.;(^/.)goosefoot,  Chenopodium. 
*Chcnte  (strengthened  form  of  Che);  i.  =  Quale. 
ii.  =Quanto.     iii.  =Qualunque. 

*  Chentunque;  =  Qualunque. 

Chepl  m.  (Germ.  Swiss  kiippi,  dim. 
of  kappe,  cap)  ;  military  cap,  ke*pi. 

Ch^ppia  /.  ;  i.  shad,  v.  Alosa. 
2.  Venir  giii  a  calate  di  -e,  it.  Calata 
(5)  and  (6). 

•Chercia;  v.  Chericja. 

*Cherc-o  w.;  =  Cherico.    Aff.  *-uto,  tonsured. 

*Cherende  w.;  =  Chelidro,  water-snake. 

*Cherere;  i.  —Chiedere,  to  ask.  ii.  =Desiderare, 
to  wish.  iii.  =  Procacciarsi,  to  procure,  iv.  =Sfidare, 
to  challenge. 

*Cheresia/!;  i.q.  Chieresia,  clergy. 


Ch^rica  or  Chterica  (Chierca,  Cher- 
ca)/.;  i.  tonsure;  Ha  la  —  ,  scherz.  he 
is  getting  bald.  2.  tonsured  person. 

*Chericay^;  i.  crest  of  fowls,    ii.  Of^.)  plateau. 
Cheric-accio  or  -astro;  spreg.  Cherico. 

Chericato  m.\  clergy. 

^  *i.  clerical  office,  ii.  clerical  party  in  politics. 
ill.  clerkship,  as  a  Roman  clerical  dignity,  iv.  Jewish 
priesthood,  v.  as  adj.,  clerical. 

*  Chericat-uccio  or  -uzzo/«.  ;  humble  benefice. 
•Chericeriay".;  spreg.  for  Chericato. 

Chericherla/;  spreg.  all  the  priests 
and  clergy. 

Cherich^tto  m.  ;  dim.  Cherico. 

Cherichina/;  dim.  vezz,  Cherica. 

Cherichino  m.  ;  dim.  vezz.  Cherico. 
•Chericia  or  Chercia^/i;  i.  the  clerical  order. 
ii.  the  clergy  themselves,     iii.  clergy,  in  the  sense  of 
studious  men.     iv.  knowledge,  learning. 

Cherico,  Chi^rico  (Cerco,  Cherco, 
Chierco,  Clerico)  m.  ;  the  //.  used  is 
Chierici  (L.  clericus,<Gr.,  v.  Clero)  ; 
I.  boy  in  training  for  the  priesthood,  or 
one  who  has  received  one  of  the  minor 
orders.  2.  generally,  priest.  3.  sacristan 
or  other  church  attendant  in  more  or 
less  clerical  dress.  *  scholar. 

Cheric-dna  augm.  of  -a;  -uccio  or  -uzzo 
spreg.  of  -o. 

Chcripo  in.  ;  Indian  name  for  pearl-oyster. 
*Cherire;  =  Chie<lere,  to  ask. 
•Cherisia;  v.  Chieresia. 

Chermes  m.  (Arabic  word  <  Persian  qirmiz); 
i.  kermes,  dye  from  the  kermes  insect,  Coccus  ilicis, 
or  the  insect  itself,  which  like  the  cochineal  insect  is 
one  of  the  mealy  bug  family.  2.  —  minerale,  mineral 
kermes,  an  artittcial  sulphuret  of  antimony  of  a 
brilliant  red  colour,  whence  the  name. 

Chdrmisi,  Chermisfno,  or  pop.  Ch6r- 
neSi,  Cremisi  m.  (It.  chermes,  cp.  Fr. 
cramoisi,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Crimson)  ;  crim- 
son. 

Chermisino  or/o/.  Cremisino  adj,\  crimson. 
•Chermonese  m.  ;  cloth  formerly  made  at  Cre- 
mona. 

*  Chernitey^  (L.<Gr.);  a  stone  resembling  ivory. 
•Cherofillo  »«.;  =  Cerfoglio,  chervil. 
•Cherovana/.;  i.  =Carovana.  ii.  great  quantity. 
*Cherseay;   or  Chersidro  m.  ;   some  kind  of 

viper. 

Cherubino  (Cherubo)  m.  (Hebrew  word)  ; 
cherub. 

*Cherva./;  castor-oil  bean. 

*  Chesta/  ;  v.  Chiesta.  'Chesto  \fart.  Chedere. 

Chetam6nte;  i.  quietly.     2.  slily. 

*Chetanza_/;  i.  =  Quietanza,  quittance,  ii.  for- 
giveness of  a  fault,  iii.  calming  of  a  storm. 

Chet-are  ind.  chdto  ;  to  quiet. 

*i.  to  release  (a  debt)  without  payment,  ii.  — 
tutte  battaglie,  to  release  from  the  duty  of  fighting, 
v.  Acquietare.  iii.  -arsi  da  uno,  to  release  oneself  by 
discharging  one's  obligations  to  a  person. 

Chetichella;  Alia  -  ,  slily,  behind 
one's  back. 

Chetmiay;  (Arabic  khathmiy,  mauve);  (tot.) 
Hibiscus. 


dim. 


(L.  quietus);  quiet.   Aff.  -ino 


Chi(L.  tfww);who.   Chi.-.chi...  ,  some...  some.... 
t  Chiabaldana  /.  ;  -  Baggeo. 
•  Chiabello  ;  v.  Chiavello. 
•Chiacchi  bichiacchi;  v.  Chicchi. 

Chiacchiera/  (imit.,  cp.  Fr.  claquer, 
E.  clack)  ;  chatter,  gossip. 

Chiacchier-are  ind.  chi^cchiero;  to 
chatter.  AJf.  -ata  chattering,  -atfna 
dim.,  -iccio  ill-natured  chatter,  jfna 
chatter  or  chatterer,  -fno  chatterer  or  as 
adj.,  conducive  to  chattering,  -fo  con- 
fused chattering,  -6ne  chatterbox,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg.  of  -a. 


144 


CHIACCHILLARE— CHIATTO 


*ChiacchUlare  ;  to  waste  time  in  chattering. 

*  Chiacere  m. ;  =  Piacere,  pleasure. 
•f-Chiachiay^;  star-gazer  fish,  7>.  Uranoscopo. 

*  Chiaia  _/I;  =  Ghiaia,    gravel,     tat   Naples,    the 
street  of  this  name,  which  is  the  Neapolitan  form  of 
the  word  Piaggia,  strand. 

*  Chiaito  m. ;  trouble,  embarrassment. 

Chiama/;  call. 

Chiamare  (Clamare);  i.  to  call. 
2.  v.  Rispondere  (2). 

Etym.  L.  clamare,  root  kal,  to  cry  out,  cp. 
old  L.  ceilare,  to  summon,  Gr.  (caAe'w,  to  summon, 
O.H.G.  halon,  to  call  out,  M.H.G.  hell,  clear- 
sounding  (>  Germ,  hell,  bright),  A.S.  hlowan,  to 
low  as  cattle,  Sanskr.  usa-kala-s,  cock,  lit.  early 
caller,  -a.  Walde,  sal  Calo,  Skeat,  suit  Claim, 
Hale  (vt.). 

Chiamat-a  f. ;  i.  call.  2.  mark  of 
reference  in  writings,  esp.  the  first  word 
of  a  page  formerly  printed  at  the  foot 
of  the  previous  page.  3.  place  for  the 
button  of  an  electric  bell.  4.  act  of 
guiding  a  horse  by  a  pull  on  the  reins. 
AJf.  -ina  dim. 

Chiamat6re  m. ;  at  auctions,  at- 
tendant who  announces  the  offers. 

*Chiamazzo  m. •  =  Schiamazzo,  uproar. 
*Chianay^;  swamp. 

tChiannay:;  she-ass.    Asadv., ,  =  Lemme 

lemme,  quietly. 

*Chiantare;  i.  =  Accoccare.    ii.  —  Piantare. 

Chianti  m.  \  a  Tuscan  province, 
noted  for  its  wine.  Va  in  — ,  pop.  go 
to  the  devil. 

'Chiapino    m.\    Spanish    shoe,    v.    Chiappare, 
etym.,  §  2. 

Chiappa/  (It.  chiappare) ;  i.  seizure, 
catch.  2.  /0/.  =  Natica,  buttock.  *pro- 
jecting  rock,  D.  Inf.  24.  33. 

Chiappacani  ///.;  =  Acchiappacani. 

*  Chiappamerli  m. ;  simple  person. 

Chiappaminchidni  m.  ;  sharper, 
"hawk." 

Chiappamosche  m. ;  i.  fly-trap. 
2.  (hot.)  (a)  Venus'  fly-trap,  Dionaea 
muscipula,  (6)  a  species  of  fleabane, 
Erigeron  viscosum,  (c)  catch-fly  or 
campion,  Silene,  3.  fly-catcher,  fool. 

Chiappaniivoli  m. ;  conceited  cox- 
comb. 

Chiapp-are;  i.  to  seize  by  surprise, 
to  catch ;  Finalmente  I'  hanno  -ato  quel 
ladro,  they  have  caught  that  rascal  at 
last.  But  it  is  also  applied  trivially, 
e.g.  to  catching  flies,  or  simply  to  sur- 
prising a  person  in  doing  wrong ;  L'  ho 
-ato  sul  fatto,  I  caught  him  in  the  act. 
2.  to  catch  a  person  by  cross-questioning 
him  so  that  he  contradicts  himself  or 
lets  out  what  he  has  tried  to  conceal ; 
Tu  non  mi  ci  -i,  you  are  not  going  to 
catch  me  with  that.  3.  to  hit  with  a 
missile.  *to  overtake. 

Etym.  §  i.  From  a  Germanic  root  klap,  the 
original  sense  of  which  is  to  make  a  noise  by  striking, 
cp.  E.  clap.  This  passed  into  the  Romance  languages 
where  it  was  widely  developed,  v.  Korting,  Lat. 
Rom.  Worterb.  (1907),  No.  5282.  Chiappare  is  at. 
tributable  to  a  form  **  klappare.  The  idea  of 
catching  comes  from  the  application  of  the  root-word 
to  the  sound  of  a  falling  trap,  cp.  O.H.G.  klappa, 
Germ,  klappe,  flap,  E.  clap  into  prison.  §  2.  Cognate 
Italian  offshoots  are  Cbiappa,  Chiappo,  Chiappone; 
also  •Chiappino  (from  the  flapping  of  the  slipper 
against  the  ground).  §  3.  Further,  the  root  being 
applied  to  the  cracking  sound  of  splitting  wood,  we 
have  from  ** exklappare  the  Ital.  Schiappa,  splinter, 
and  similarly,  from  the  sound  made  in  stone  breaking, 
Chiappolo,  heap  of  chips,  Chiappola,  orig,  chip,  hence 


Chiappo. 
*  Chi 
bear. 


worthless  article,  Chiappolare,  to  throw  into  the  heap 
of  chips,  cp.  Clap,  in  the  Friuli  dialect,  a  stone. 
§4.  From  exklapitare  would  come  Schiattare  (cp. 
Provenc.  esclatar,  Fr.  tclaier)  or,  with  intrusive  ft, 
Schiantare  ;  here  too  probably  belongs  Schiatta,  race, 
family,  O.H.G.  slahta,  Provenc.  esclata,  originally 
a  figurative  use  of  the  meaning  "  chip."  §  5.  Again 
from  **  claptus  (formed  from  the  root  under  the 
attraction  of  L.  raptus,captus)  in  the  sense  of  banged 
together,  flattened,  may  perhaps  be  traced  Chiatto, 
squat,  Chiatta,  with  a  variant  Sciatta,  barge  (cp. 
Sicilian  chiattu,  Genoese  cattit),  and  Zntta,  Zattera, 
raft.  §  6.  Lastly,  from  a  variant  klafiQ*  klap  comes 
Schiaffare,  to  give  a  box  on  the  ears. 

Chiapp-ar&lo  or  -erdllo  in.;  trap, 
in  cross-questioning. 

tChiappella,  Chiappellola/;  chestnut-flower. 

*  Chiapperello  m.  ;  i.  v.  Chiapparello.     ii.  dim. 

. 

iappino   m.',    \.    v.  Chiapino.    ii.    dancing 
. 

*  Chiappo    ;«.;    i.  =Chiappa    (i).     ii.    gang    of 
ruffians,    ni.  ring  for  fastening  up  a  rope.    iv.  syncop. 
for  chiappato,  caught. 

*  Chiappola/.  (z*.  Chiappare,  etym.  §3);  i.  baga- 
telle.    ii.  =  Frasca,  frivolous  person,     iii.  dim.  Chi- 
appa  (2). 

*  Chiappolare  ;  i.  freq.  of  Chiappare,  q.v.  (2),  to 
catch  (a  person)  well.     ii.    to  throw  away,  if.  Chi- 
appare,  etym.,  §3.     iii.    to  appropriate. 

*  Chiappoleria  f.  ;  =  Chiappola  (i),  trifle. 

*  Chiappolino    m.  ;    i.    dim.     Chiappola    (ii). 
ii.   quack. 

*  Chiappolo  itt.\    rubbish-heap,    v.    Chiappare, 
etym.,  §3. 

'Chiappone  m.\  i.  grabber,  ii.  akind  of  horse's 
bit,  v.  Chiappare,  etym.,  §2. 

Chiapponetto  m.  ;  (mar.)  -  -  di 
rinforzo  per  scalmo,  thole-board. 

Chiar-a/;  i.  raw  white  of  egg. 
2.  in  pi.,  lights,  in  a  picture.  3.  Clara; 
Laus  Deo,  disse'  Sor  Chiara  quando  fu 
morta,  an  expression  used  when  aid  is 
tardy,  or  too  late;  Santa  —  ,  scherz.  for 
water. 

*=Chiarata.  Metier  le  -e,  to  take  care  of  the 
wounded. 

Chiaramente;  clearly,     'faithfully. 

'Chiaranzana  f.;  i.  a  kind  of  dance,  ii.  fes- 
tivities. iii.  light  on  the  horizon  when  it  is  dark 
overhead. 

Chiarata  /  ;  dressing  of  tow,  etc., 
steeped  in  white  of  egg. 

'Chiarea/;;  (meti.)  infusion  of  cinnamon,  cloves, 
etc. 

*  Chiareggiare  ;    i.     to    represent    clearly,     ii. 
(paint.)  to  render  the  lights. 

Chiarfclla/.  ;  i.  gap  in  cloth  due  to 
a  faulty  tooth  in  the  comb.  2.  (dot.) 
(a)  —  de'  prati,  meadow-sage,  Salvia 
fralensis,  (b)  —  maggiore,  wild  clary, 
Salvia  sclarea.  3.  in  pi.,  silkworms 
affected  with  disease,  also  termed 
Chiaretti. 

*Chiarello  m.  ;  wine  with  much  water  in  it. 

'Chiarenna/;;  Essere  in  —  ,  or  a  Chiaradadda, 
or  a  Ghiera  d'  Adda,  to  be  far  away  in  the  moun- 
tains. 

'Chiarentana  f.\  i.q.  Chiaranzana  (i). 

'ChiareriayC;  clear  flame. 

Chiar^tti  m.  pi.  ;  v.  Chiarella  (3). 
Chiare'tto  ;  dim.  Chiaro. 

*i.  =  Largo,  wide  apart.  ii.  =  Alticcio,  half- 
drunk. 

Chiar-ezza  /  ;  v.  -o. 

Chiarific-are  ind.  chiarifico;  to  clarify.  AJf. 
•azione. 

•Chiarigione/;  i.  clearing,     ii.  declaration. 

*  Chiarina  f.:  clarionet. 

tChiarinella  f.;  short  period  of  sunshine  in  a 
cloudy  day. 

Chiarino  m.  ;  dim.  Chiaro.    *ass£.,=Cbiarina. 

Chiar-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  to  clear  (a 
liquid).  2.  to  clear  up  (a  doubt). 

*i.  to  shine,  ii.  —  i  Ghibellini,  to  find  out  who 
were  Ghibellines.  iii.  to  show  clearly,  iv.  to  glorify, 
or  intr.,  to  be  distinguished,  v.  to  bring  to  reason. 


vi.  ;=  Chiareggiare  (ii).     vii.  ~  Dichiarare,  to  declare, 
viii.  -irsi,  to  get  merry  from  drink. 

Cbiarit6io  m. ;  i.  apparatus  for 
clearing  oil,  etc.  2.  warm  place  where 
oil  is  set  to  clear. 

Chiari-t6re,  -tura  ;  v.  Chiarire. 

Ch.iar-0  (L.  clarus);  i.  clear,  bright. 
2.  light  (colour).  3.  Giorno  — ,  quite 
daylight.  4.  famous.  5.  Di  -a  fede, 
trustworthy.  6.  Far  — ,  of  ink,  to  be 
washy.  Ass6. :  7.  —  di  luna,  moonlight. 
8.  light  part  of  a  picture.  9.  central 
deep  part  of  a  pool  where  there  are  no 
weeds. 

*i.  merry  from  drink,  ii.  powerful,  iii.  =Dira- 
dato,  sparse,  iv.  A  sole  — ,  when  the  sun  was  high, 
v.  pure  (water),  or  Jig.  pure  (from  sin),  clear  (from 
debt),  vi.  as  adv.  precisely,  vii.  as  fart.,  for 
Chiarito ;  Hami  tu  chiaro?  have  you  understood  me? 
As  sb. :  viii.  wine.  ix.  well  sifted  corn. 

Chiar6re  m. ;  twilight.     *limpidity. 

Chiaroscuro  /«.;  i.  monochrome 
picture.  2.  light  and  shade  in  music 
or  in  literary  work.  +  mixture  of  tea 
and  coffee. 

Chiarovegg-ente  m. ;  clairvoyant. 
Aff.  -enza. 

Chiass-accio  m.;  pegg.  Chiasso. 
•Chiassaiuol-a /,  -o  m. ;  ditch  with  walled 
sides. 

Chiassare ;  to  make  a  row,  v.  Chiasso. 

Chiassata/;  i.  noisy  entertainment, 
noisy  disturbance.  2.  scolding,  "rowing." 
*crowd. 

Chiass-at&llo  or  -er^llo  m. ;  =  Chi- 
assolo,  lane. 

Chiass6tto  in. ;  dim.  Chiasso.  t  = 
Chiassolo,  lane. 

Chiassi ;  (geogr.)  a  place  near  Ravenna,   the 
ancient  Classis,  D.   Purg.  28.  20. 
Chiassino  m. ;  dim.  Chiasso. 

Chiass-o  m.  (bit  classus,  classicum 
being  a  general  ringing  of  bells,  cp. 
L.  c/assicus,  the  trumpeter  who  sum- 
moned the  classes  to  the  comitia ;  cp. 
Fr.  glas,  knell,  passing-bell,  Proveng. 
clas);  i.  uproar,  row;  Far  — ,  to  attract 
much  attention,  to  be  important.  2.  Per 
— ,  in  joke;  Senza  — ,  without  joking; 
Giuocare  per  — ,  to  play  for  love.  3.  un- 
due scolding,  "rowing."  4.  =  Chiassolo, 
alley. 

*i.  brothel;  Aver  parenti  in  — ,  to  be  of  no  repu- 
tation ;  Andare  in  — ,  to  go  to  the  devil,  ii.  Volere 
il  — ,  to  be  fond  of  joking,  iii.  Darla  pei  -i,  =  Scap- 
pare,  to  escape. 

Chiassol-accio  m.;  pegg.  of -o. 

Chiassol-ino  m.;  dim.  -o.    *  =  Chiassaiuolo. 

Chiassblo  m.  (prob.  a  dim.  of 
Chiasso,  q.v.,  4);  alley. 

Chiass6n-e  »z.,  -a  /  ;  noisy  person. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -cello  dim. 

Cbiassds-o;  noisy,loud.  /(^T-ame'nte. 

Cbiatt-a  (Sciatta,  Zatta)  /  (v.  Chi- 
atto); i.  flat-bottomed  boat,  lighter. 
2.  scherz.  large  shoe.  Aff.  -aiuolo, 
lighterman. 

*Chiattire;  =  Schiattire,  to  yelp. 

Chiatto;  i.  flattened.     2.  dwarfish. 

Etym.  dub.  It  has  been  thought  to  be  a  variant 
of  Piatto,  cp.  Neapolitan  Schiantare  for  Spiantare, 
but  the  derivation  adopted  by  Korting,  from  Varn- 
hagen,  seems  more  probable,  viz.  from  the  Germanic 
root  klap,  v.  Chiappare,  etym.,  §  5. 


CHIATTONE— CHI  MANGO 


'45 


*Chiattone  (variant  of  Chiotto);  Andar  chiatton 
chiattone,  to  sneak  along.  As  sb,t  useless  soldier. 

*Chiattuto;^Chino. 

Chiauscio  m.  (Tuikish  word);  a  sort  of  mes- 
senger. 

Chiavaccio  ;//.  ;  large  door-bolt. 

*Chiavacuore  m.  ;  clasp  formerly  worn  by 
Florentine  women. 

'Chiavacuori  m.  ;  =  Rubacuori,  fascinating 
woman. 

*Chiavagionc/;  quantity  of  nails. 

*Chiay-aio  or  -aiolo  m.;  i.  keeper  of  the  keys. 
ii.  locksmith. 

Chiavard-a/  (It.  chiavare)  ;  i.  bolt, 
screw-bolt  ;  —  a  chiavetta,  (mar.)  fore- 
lock bolt,  v.  Chiavetta.  2.  (arch.)  tie, 
v.  Catena  (2).  Aff.  -are  v6.,  -dtta  dim. 

Chiavardo  m.  ;  (vet.)  furuncle,  boil. 

•Chiavare  (It.  chiavo);  i.  to  lock  up.  ii.  to  nail 
down.  iii.  to  pierce. 

•Chiavata./;  blow  with  a  key,  or  turn  of  the 
key. 

Chiav-e/  (L.  ctavis,  root  skleu,  cp. 
Germ,  schliessen,  E.  slot,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Clause,  Slot);  i.  key;  —  maschia, 
femmina,  with  solid  or  hollow  shaft; 

*  comune,    master-key;    -  -    inglese, 
dentist's  key  ;  —  falsa,  skeleton-key  ;  Le 
-i,   the    Keys,  the  arms  of  the   Pope  ; 

—  alia  cieca,  clock  key  which  can  be 
turned  either  way.  2.  —  della  cannella, 
handle  of  a  tap;  Imbuto  a  —  ,  funnel 
with  a  stop-cock.  3.  piano-tuner's  key 
or  other  like  tool.  4.  gusset  of  a  dress. 
5.  (arch.)  keystone.  6.  in//.,  the  little 
flaps  to  cover  the  holes  of  a  wind- 
instrument  for  varying  its  tones,  also 
termed  Chiavette  or  Pistoni.  7.  (mus.) 
key;  Fuori  di  —  ,  =  Stonato,  out  of  tune; 
Stare  in  —  ,  fig.  to  agree,  to  be  in 
accord,  to  be  consistent  ;  Tornare  in  —  , 
to  come  in  opportunely.  8.  of  a  brick  ; 
In  —  ,  =  In  coltello,  laid  on  edge,  in 
the  position  of  a  keystone,  v.  Mattone 
(A,  3).  9.  (mar.}  fid,  a  square  bar 
with  a  shoulder  at  one  end  used  to 
support  the  weight  of  the  topmast  or 
top-gallant-mast  when  swayed  up  into 
place. 

*  Chiavellare  ;  to  nail,  in  crucifixion. 
•Chiavellata  f.  ;    attack    of  inflammation,    v. 

Cbiavello  (ii). 

*Chiavellino  in.;  dim.  Chiavello  (iii). 

•Chiavello  m.;  i.  nail.  ii.  inflammation  in  the 
hollow  of  the  hoof  in  sheep,  iii.  a  kind  of  hook  used 
by  cloth-workers. 

*  Chiaverinayl;  javelin. 

Chiavetta,  /;  i.  dim.  Chiave. 
2.  (mar.)  splint,  forelock,  cotter  ;  these 
are  various  pieces  for  clenching  a  bolt, 
etc.  ;  —  a  dente,  gib,  a  wedge-shaped 
piece  of  metal  holding  another  in  place  ; 
—  e  controchiavetta,  gib  and  cotter. 

Chiavettfna/  ;  sub-dim.  Chiave,  q.v. 
(2)  and  (6). 

Chiavic-a/  (bit.  clavaca<L.  cloaca)  ; 
i.  a  short  line  of  sewer,  walled  and 
covered  in.  2.  sluice-gate  at  the  mouth 
of  a  sewer.  Aff.  -he'tta,  -hina,  dims. 

Cbiavicfn-a  /,  -0  m.  (dim.  Chiave)  ; 
watch-key  or  other  small  key. 

*Chiavic-one  augm.,  *-uzza  sfireg.;  v.  -a. 
*Chiaviere  m.  ;  keeper  of  the  keys. 
Chiavlnay:;  dim.  Chiave,  small  key. 


-,  v.  Baciare.    Aff. 


l-O  >«.(altered  from  **dau- 
stellum,  dim.  of  L.  daustntm,  <  daudere, 
under  the  attraction  of  clavis);  door- 


bolt.     Baciare  il 
-(no  dim. 

*  Chiavo  m.  (L.  davits,  from  the  same  root  as 
clevvis,  v.  Chiave);   nail. 

•Chiavolo;  v.  Chiovolo. 
'Chiavona/;  augm.  Chiave,  large  key. 
*Chiavone  in. ;  i.  -Chiavona.    ii.  au^m.  Chiavo, 
nail. 

CMazz-a/  (Germanic  klelz,  dirty); 
spot  on  the  face,  spot  of  dirt  on  clothes. 
Aff.  -ato  spotty,  -atura  spottiness. 

Chicay^ ;  r.  maize  brandy.  2.  colour- 
ing matter  extracted  from  Bignonia 
Mai. 

Chiccay!  (It.  chicco);  sweetie. 
Chiccaio  m. ;  seller  of  sweeties. 

Chfccher-a  (Cicchera)  /  (Span.  Ji- 
cara,  from  Arabic)";  i.  small  coffee-cup. 
2.  (hot.)  in  //.,  -e  rampicanti,  Mexican 
ivy-plant,  or  cups  and  saucers,  Cobea 
scandens. 

*  Andare  alia  — ,  to  go  begging. 

Ajff.  -etta  or  -ina  dims.,  -6na  or  -one  augms., 
-uccia  *freg. 

•Chiccheri,  Ciacchcri;  empty  loquacity. 
*Chicchessia;  for  Chi  che  sia,  anybody  what- 
ever. 

•Chicchi  bichicchi  m. ;  meddlesome  chatterer. 
Chicchino  in. ;  dim.  Chicco. 

Chicchiriata  f.;  crowing  of  many 
cocks. 

Chicchirichl  m,  (/;«//.);  the  crow 
of  a  cock,  cock-a-doodle-doo. 

*  Esser     di     quelli     del     — ,     to    be     haughty. 
t  =  Gheriglio,  kernel  of  a  walnut. 

•Chicchirillare ;  to  amuse  oneself  in  doing 
nothing. 

*Chicchirill6  »/.;  i.  a  bit  of  pastry  tossed  about 
on  the  end  of  a  fishing-line  for  boys  to  try  and  catch, 
ii.  any  trifling  amusement. 

*  Chicchirlera  /. ;  =  Burla,  or  Beffa,  jesting. 
Chicchirlb ;  v.  Chicchirillo. 

Chicco  m.  ( L.  ciccus,  core  of  a  pome- 
granate); i.  grain  (of  corn),  bean  (of 
coffee),  pip  (of  a  grape),  etc.  2.  =  Chicca, 
sweetmeat.  3.  —  di  pesce,  of  knitting, 
one  stitch  plain  and  one  purl. 

Chiccplino  m. ;  dim.  Chicco. 
tChichiayC;  =  Chiacchierina,  chattering. 

Chichingero  m. ;  (bot.)  winter-cherry,  Physalis 
Alkekengi,  v.  Ciliegine. 

Chi6d-ere  (Chedere,  Cheggere)  ind. 
chiedo  or  chieggo  chiedi...chiedono  or 
chieggono, /<?>/:  chiesi  or  pop.  chiede'i... 
chiese  or  chiede,  subj.  chieda  or  chiegga 
...chiedano  or  chieggano,  part,  chiesto, 
poetic  ind.  chieggio...chieggiamo... 
chieggiono,  subj.  chieggia,  etc.  (L. 
quaerere,  to  seek) ;  to  ask  for.  Pres.  p. 
Chiedente,  (leg.)  plaintiff,  petitioner. 

Aff.  -ibile,  -it6re,  -itrice,  -<5ne  or  -6na  whining 
beggar. 

•Chieggia /:;  =  Scheggia,  Balzo,  precipice. 

'Chielare;  to  break  the  force  of  the  waves. 

•Chiella/:;  i.  =Albagia,  pride,  ii.  Aver  della 
— ,  to  be  knowing. 

*Chienere;  =  Tenere,  to  hold. 

Chiercuto ;  tonsured,  v.  Cherico. 

*  Chieresia  or  Cheresia  /.;  clergy. 

Chi&ico,  etc. ;  v.  Cherico,  etc. 

tChiernay:;  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sciarrano  (a). 
*Chiero;  =  Chiaro. 

Chtes-a  /  (early  It.  chiesia,  <  L. 
ecclesia,  <  Gr.) ;  church. 

Ajfr.  -e'tta  dim.,  -ettina  rub-dint.,  -icciola  dim. 
sjireg.,  -ina  dim.  (smaller  than  -etta). 

Chies-ino  tn.\  dim.  Chiesa,  smaller  than  -ina. 
t  hypocrite. 


H. 


Chiesbla/;  i.  small  isolated  church 
in  the  country.  2.  group  of  persons 
formed  to  promote  their  own  special 
ideas  or  interests.  3.  (mar.)  binnacle, 
compass-box. 

Chies6na  f. ;  augm.  Chiesa,  i.e. 
wealthy  living  or  church  of  large  size; 
often  spreg.,  enormous  church. 

Chiesdne  m. ;  augm.  magnificent 
church. 

Chidsta/;  i.  request  for  the  hand 
of  a  girl  in  marriage.  2.  price  asked 
for  anything. 

Chiesto ;  fart.  Chiedere. 
Chies-uccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucola  worse  than 
-uccia ;  v.  -a. 

CMe&U&la  /;  i.  =  Chiesola  (3). 
2.  chapel  for  ministering  to  persons 
condemned  to  death.  3.  money-lender's 
den. 

•Chieticone  m.\  sly  person,  v.  Chetichella. 

Chietinerfa  f. ;  religious  hypocrisy, 
v.  Chietino. 

Chietfno  m. ;  i.  religious  hypocrite; 
from  Chieti,  where  Paul  IV  founded  the 
Order  of  the  Teatini  or  Chietini. 
2.  =Quietino. 

•Chifare;  =  Schifare,  to  shun. 

CWfel  or  pop.  Chtfelle  m. ;  crescent- 
shaped  biscuit,  so  named  according  to 
tradition  after  the  baker  who  first  made 
them,  which  was  during  the  siege  of 
Vienna  by  the  Turks  in  1685,  their  shape 
being  chosen  by  way  of  showing  con- 
tempt for  the  enemy.  Another  derivation 
is  from  M.H.G.  kipfe,  point  (cp.  Germ. 
Gipfel\  from  their  pointed  ends. 

Chfglia  /  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Keel) ;  keel.  Contro-,  false  keel. 

Chilalgiay:  (Gr.);  (meil.)  pain  in  the  lips. 

Chiliadey;  (Gr.);  space  of  a  thousand  years. 

Chili'arca  m.  (Gr.);  commander  of  a  thousand 
men. 

•Chiliasmo  m.  (Gr.);  (theol.)  the  millennium. 
•Chilidro,  Chilindro;  T.  Chelidro. 
•Chillo;  =  Quello. 

Chile  m.  (A)  (Gr.  xuAdj,  juice) ;  chyle, 
a  milky  liquid  drawn  from  food  in  the 
intestines  and  passed  into  the  blood. 
Fare  il  — ,  to  rest  during  digestion,  to 
take  a  siesta. 

(B);  v.  Chilogramma. 

Chllognati  ;«.  pi. ;  Chilognatha,  a 
family  of  myriapods. 

Chilo-grammaor  -grammo  >«.(<Gr. 
through  French);  &tsii.  shortened  to 
Chilo ;  kilogramme,  about  two  pounds 
(32  oz.  3  dwt),  v.  Litro. 

Chilogrammetro  m. ;  the  work  of 
raising  one  kilogram  through  a  height 
of  one  metre  in  one  second.  The  horse- 
power of  the  metric  system  is  seventy- 
five  kilogrammetres. 

•Chilolitro  m.;~ Metro  cubo,  cubic  metre. 

Chil6m.etr-oor/<?/.  Chilomdtro  ;«.; 
kilometre.  It  is  equal  to  1094  yards, 
not  quite  five-eighths  of  a  mile.  Aff.  -ico. 

Childpodi  m. pi.',  the  myriapod  family,  Chilo- 
foda. 

•Chilostero   m. ;    a  thousand   cubic  metres,   v. 
Stero. 

Chimango  m. ;  a  South  American  hawk,  Mil- 
vago  chimachina. 

19 


146 


CHIMENTO— CHIOMISPIOVATO 


Chimento  ;«.;  (w/an)=Cotnento,  seam. 

Chimera f.  (L.,<Gr.);  i.  chimera.  2.  — mos- 
truosa,  sea  fox,  a  fish  also  known  as  Re  d'  aringhe, 
Ckimaera  monstrosa,  nearly  allied  to  the  sharks, 
locally  termed  Cat  (at  Nice),  Gatta  di  mare  (at 
Naples. 

*Chimerare;  to  make  suppositions. 

Chimeric-o  ;  chimerical.     Ajf*  -am^nte. 

Chimerizzare  ;  to  conjure  up  chimeras. 

Chimic-a/;;  chemistry.    Aff,  -amdnte,  -o. 

Exact  etym.  dub.)  being  either  Gr.  ypp.tio.  or 
Xvp-eta.  (justifying  the  two  ways  of  spelling  in  French 
and  English).  Chemistry  originated  at  the  Alex- 
andrian medical  school  and  may  have  taken  its  name 
from  xwi'a)  tne  Greek  form,  as  in  Plutarch,  of  the 
native  name  of  Egypt,  Khem^  afterwards  confused 
with  the  like-sounding  Gr.  xvM"a>  from  ^u,  the 
stem  of  x«'fc>;  to  pour,  cp.  \VM.(>£,  juice,  which  seemed 
to  express  its  meaning.  Mahn,  however,  considers 
that  xvufia,  was  probably  the  original,  being  first 
applied  to  pharmaceutical  chemistry,  which  was 
chiefly  concerned  with  the  juices  of  plants,  that  the 
pursuits  of  the  Alexandrian  chemists  were  a  subse- 
quent development  of  chemical  study  and  that  the 
notoriety  of  these  caused  the  name  of  the  art  to  he 
popularly  associated  with  the  ancient  name  of  Egypt 
and  spelt  ^-jj/ieux,  xif/xia,  as  in  Diocletian's  decree. 

From  the  Alexandrians  the  art  and  the  name 
were  adopted  by  the  Arabs,  whence  they  crime  to 
Europe  by  way  of  Spain.  (See  Murray,  New  E. 
Diet.,  sub  Chemistry,  from  which  the  above  account 
is  taken.) 

Chimismo  m.;  (wed.)  abuse  of  drugs. 

Chimo  m.  (Gr.  YV/AO?,  juice);  (med.)  chyme, 
the  pulp  to  which  foou  is  reduced  in  the  stomach. 

Chimdforo ;  (bot.)  lacteal  (vessels  of  plants). 

ChfmricO;  =  Cimbrico,  Welsh;  the 
term  is  also  loosely  used  to  mean  the 
cognate  Celtic  languages,  Cornish,  Bre- 
ton, Gaelic,  etc. 

China  or  Cina/  ;  (geogr.)  China. 

Chinay^  (A)  (originally  China-china, 
from  a  Peruvian  word  meaning  "bark"); 
Peruvian  bark,  the  bark  of  the  Cinchona 
officinalis,  and  one  or  two  allied  species. 

(B)  (L.   quinus)\    at   the   game   of 
dominoes,  double  five ;  at  backgammon, 
a  throw  of  double  fives. 

(C)  (It.  chinare) ;  slope.   Alia  —  tutti 
i  santi  aiutano,  i.e.  going  down  hill  is 
easy  work.     Verso  la  —  degli  anni,  in 
declining  years. 

Chinachf na /  (?/.  China,  A);  Cin- 
chona tree,  or  its  bark. 

Chin-are  (A)  (bit.  clinare^  root  klei^ 
slanting,  cp.  L.  divus,  hill,  Gr.  K\tVo>,  to 
slope,  u.  Skeat,  sub  Lean) ;  to  bow  down, 
to  droop,  to  lower.  (B)  -ato;  con- 
taining quinine. 

*Chinat-a/i;  slope.    AJf.  *-ezza,  curvature. 

Chinato ;  -v.  Chinare  (B).  *as  sb., 
the  leaning  side  (of  the  mountain),  D. 
Inf.  31.  137. 

*ChinaturayC;  curvature,  curved  part. 

Chincaglie  /  pi.  (Fr.  quincaille, 
hardware,  <  cliquer,  which  is  imitative, 
cp.  E.  click,  clink);  knick-knacks. 

Chincagliere  m.  \  vendor  of  knick- 
knacks. 

Chincaglieria  / ;  shop  for  knick- 
knacks. 

*Chinche;  whoever,  whatever. 

*  Chinchesia ;  whoever. 

*Chinchina./.;  =  Chinachina,  Peruvian  bark. 

Chinea  f.  (aphaeresis  of  Acchinea, 
<Fr.  haquenee,  or  Span.  hacanea,< 
old  Dutch  hackeneye,  cp.  E.  hackney) ; 
(hist.)  the  white  horse  which  the  Nea- 
politan kings  presented  annually  to  the 
Pope  as  their  feudal  lord. 

*i.  Andar  di  — ,  to  amble  along,    ii.  sorry  jade; 
Dover  cavalcare  una  — ,  to  be  in  a  sorry  predicament. 


Chinese  or  Cinese  m. ;  Chinese  doll  with  a 
waggling  head.  As  adj. ,  Chinese. 

Chmetina  f. ;  reddish-coloured  extract  from 
sulphate  of  quinine. 

*Chinetto  m. ;  a  kind  of  camlet,  v.  Cammellotto. 
*Chineuccia/7;  dim.  Chinea,  nag. 
*Chinevole;  pliable. 

Chinga  f. ;  a  species  of  skunk,  Mephitis 
chiiiga. 

Chini-cina  a  form  of  quinine,  -co  quinic, 
-dina  quinidine,  -metria  ascertaining  the  amount 
of  quinine  in  a  sample  of  bark,  -no  quinine,  -o 
alcoholic  extract  of  bark,  -smo  quinism,  buzzing  in 
the  ears  from  taking  quinine. 

Chino;  for  Chinato,  drooping. 

*i.  Cadere  a  capo  — ,  to  fall  head  first,  ii.  v. 
*  Capra  (i).  iii.  Andare  al  — ,  (a)  to  die,  (b)  to  be 
ruined.  Similarly  Mettere  al  — ,  to  kill,  to  ruin,  to 
put  down. 

Chino  m. ;  kino,  the  name  of  various 
astringent  gums  from  several  kinds  of 
trees. 

Chinoidina  /;  a  by-product  in  making  sul- 
phate of  quinine. 

Chinoleina./;  (chew.)  quinoline. 

*Chintanay;  (L.  qitintana,<quintits,  fifth,  the 
place  of  recreation  in  the  Roman  camp  being  be- 
tween the  fifth  and  sixth  maniples);  quintain,  a  post 
with  a  revolving  and  loaded  top  or  cross-piece  to  be 
tilted  at;  Correr  in  — ',  to  act  rashly. 

tChioca  f. ;  i.  it.  Chiavica.  ii.  v.  Ciocca. 
iii.  quantity. 

•Chioccay:  (It.  chioccare);  blow.  In  — ,  in 
plenty. 

Chioccare  (O.H.G.  clochon,  to  hit,  or 
to  shoot  off  an  arrow,  imit.  from  the 
sound  doc,  akin  to  E.  clack,  cluck,  etc.); 
i.  to  crack  a  whip.  2.  to  snap  the 
fingers.  3.  of  a  horse,  to  strike  the 
hind  and  fore  feet  together.  *to  hit,  to 
smack. 

*Chiocchetta/;  v.  Ciocchetta. 

Chiocchiolf  o  or  Chioccolf  0  HI.  ;  many 
birds  whistling. 

Chibccia/  (It.  chiocciare);  i.  brood- 
ing hen  ;  Far  la  — ,  (a)  (pers.)  to  squat 
down;  (b)  to  make  a  little  wine  in  a  vat 
as  a  preliminary  to  the  vintage.  2.  (hot.) 
—  e  pulcini,  double  daisy,  Bellis  peren- 
nis  prolifer,  also  termed  Pratoline 
doppie.  *  =  Coccio. 

*Chioccianay^;  winding  staircase. 

Chiocciare  ind.  chioccio  (imit.,  cp. 
E.  clack,  cluck) ;  i .  of  a  hen,  to  cluck ;  of 
a  vase,  =  Crocchiare,  to  give  off  a  cracked 
sound.  2.  to  crouch  round  the  fire. 
3.  of  a  horse,  in  trotting,  to  click  his 
shoes. 

Chiocciata  /  ;  a  brood  of  chickens, 
cp.  E.  clutch  of  eggs. 

*Chioccio;  i.  hoarse,  ii.  dead.  iii.  Star — ,  to 
feel  worn  out. 

Chi6cciol-a  f.  (L.  cochleola,  dim.  of 
cochlea,  <  Gr.  xo^Xiar,  <  xo^Aos;  v. 
Conca);  i.  snail  or  snail-shell;  Scala 
a  — ,  winding  stairs.  2.  fusee,  drum 
on  which  the  chain  of  a  watch  is  coiled 
in  winding.  3.  scroll  of  a  violin,  the 
part  serving  as  handle.  4.  myrtle-berry. 
5.  female  screw. 

*i.  Far  la  — ,  (mil.)  to  caracole,  ii.  Soldato,  or 
Pittore  da  -e,  worthless,  iii.  Sino  le  -e  lo  cozzano, 
of  a  very  unlucky  person,  who  comes  in  for  a  share 
in  everything  unfortunate,  iv.  female  screw;  A  — , 
made  like  a  screw,  v,  for  Scala  a  —  ,  spiral  staircase, 
vi.  some  kind  of  white  dress,  which  entirely  en- 
veloped the  wearer. 

Aff.  Chiocciol-aio  dealer  in  or  collector  of  snail- 
shells,  -etta  or  -ina  dims. 


Chiocciol-ino  m.  ;  I.  dim.  Chiocciola, 
smaller  than  -ina.  2.  watch  that  loses. 
3.  Fare  un  — ,  to  curl  up  for  going  to 
sleep.  4.  biscuit  or  bun  curled  up  like 
a  snail-shell.  5.  as  adj.,  shaped  like 
a  snail-shell;  Alberese  — ,  limestone 
with  spiral  markings. 

Chiocciol-6na/  ;  augm.  of  -a.  -6ne 
m. ;  i.  i.q.  -ona,  but  larger.  2.  big  old- 
fashioned  watch. 

*  Chioccione  m. ;  one  who  is  always  by  the  fire. 

Chiocco  in.;  v.  Chioccare. 
tChi6ccolay:;  =  Nicchia,  shellfish. 

Chioccolare  ind.  chioccolo;  i.  of 
birds,  to  whistle.  2.  to  imitate  a  bird's 
whistle. 

Chioccolio  m. ;  v.  Chiocchiolio. 

Chibccolo  m.;  i.  bird- whistle.  2. 
catching  birds  by  whistling  so  as  to 
allure  them  on  to  birdlime. 

Chio-chi6  m. ;  =  Gambetta  fosca,  spotted  red- 
shank. 

Chioc&ccay;  (Gr.  \uav,  snow,  KOKJCO$,  kernel, 
therefore  ///.  snowberry,  a  name  given  from  its  white 
berries) ;  a  Brazilian  genus  of  Cincltotiateae. 

Chiod-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -agidne 
/;  nails,  collectively,  -aia/;  I.  tool 
for  making  nail-heads.  2.  a  tool  used 
by  watch-makers.  -ai61o  m. ;  i.  nail- 
maker.  2.  person  who  makes  many 
debts,  t  outcast  of  society,  -ame  m. ; 
assortment  of  nails,  -arello  or  -erello  m. ; 
dim.  in  sense  of  debt,  -atura^;  rivet- 
ting,  -eria  /;  i.  nail  manufactory. 
2.  =-ame.  -e'tto  ;//. ;  i.  dim.  of  -o. 
2.  an  infectious  disease  in  cattle,  -ettino 
m. ;  sub-dim,  of  -o.  -iera  f. ;  nail-box, 
v.  -o. 

tChiddin-ay:;  sewer.    A_ff.  -are  vt. 

Chiod-O  m.  (corr.  of  Chiavo,  <  L. 
davits,  v.  Chiovo);  i.  nail;  Stare, 
Tenere  a  — ,  to  stick  to  work,  keep  at 
work;  Fissare  or  Fermare  in  — ,  to  be 
obstinately  determined ;  Cose,  Roba  da 
-i,  vulgarity,  insolence,  or  vulgar  people. 

2.  fig.  trouble ;   O  questo  o  -i,  accept 
this  proposal  or  there  will  be  trouble. 
Prov.  Un  —  leva  1'  altro  or  --  scaccia 
— ,  one  trouble  makes  another  forgotten. 

3.  Jig.  debt.     Prov.  scherz.  Cristo  mori 
su'  -i  e  lui  ci  campa,  Christ  died  from 
the  nails  and  our  friend  lives  upon  them, 
i.e.  upon  debts ;  Cavare  un  —  e  ficcare 
una  cavicchia,  to  discharge  a  debt  by 
incurring  a  greater;   Pigliare  a  — ,  to 
buy  on  credit ;  Piantar  -i,  v.  Piantare  (2). 

4.  Un  —  nel  capo,  an  acute  headache 
in   one   spot ;    -  -    isterico,    (meti.)    the 
clavus  hystericus.    5.  =  Garofano,  clove. . 
6.  (vet.)  foot-rot. 

Chiodone  m. ;  hobnail. 

Chi6ma  (Chiomana)  f.  (L.  coma) ; 
i.  (poet.)  hair.  2.  lion's  mane.  3.  tail 
of  a  comet.  4.  foliage. 

*i.=  Testa,  head.  ii.  —  Aggiunta,  supplement, 
iii.  —  del  liao,  combed  out  flax.  iv.  leaf  of  a  flower, 
D.  Par.  32.  1 8.  v.  ear  of  corn. 

*Chiomante;  i.  with  flowing  hair.  ii.  tossing 
the  mane.  iii.  with  abundant  foliage,  iv.  —  in 
fronte  di  corna,  (referring  to  Silenus)  with  great 
horns  on  his  forehead. 

Chiomato;  with  abundant  hair. 

*Chiomispiovato ;  with  hair  falling  on  the 
shoulders. 


CHIONANTO— CIABONE 


Chionanto  in.  (Gr.  \t.u>vt  snow,  apflos);  snow- 
drop tree  of  N.  America,  Chiontittthus. 
*Chionne  in.  ;  =  Minchione. 

Chionzo  (atym.  unkn.) ;  short  and 
thick. 

Chioppo  m. ;  pop.  for  Pioppo. 

Chi6sa  (Ghiosa)  /  (L.  glossa,  <  Gr. 
•yXwo-o-a,  tongue,  but  also  used  to  mean 
a  difficult  or  foreign  word,  requiring 
explanation,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gloss) ;  i.  ex- 
planatory note.  2.  =  Macchia,  dirty 
mark,  stain.  *  worthless  coin  or  leaden 
counter. 

Chios-are  ind.  chi6so  (Glosare) ;  to 
annotate,  to  explain.  *to  relate.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Chiosco  m.  (Turkish  word  from  Per- 
sian) ;  kiosk. 

Chios-erella  or  -etta  dims.,  -ettfna 
sub-dim,  of  -a. 

•Chiostra  /;  v.  Chiostro. 
Chiostr-etto,  -icino;  dims,  of -o. 

Chi6str-o  ;«.  (-&/.)  (L.  claiistrum,  < 
claudo,  to  shut) ;  cloister. 

*i.  place  in  a  cathedral  for  the  canons,  ii.  en- 
closure, shut-up  place  of  any  kind. 

Chiosuccia  f. ;  dim.  spreg.  Chiosa. 

Chibtto  (etym.  dub.,prob.  variant  of 

Quieto,  cp.  Fr.  cat) ;  usu.  doubled , 

or  Zitto  e  — ,  quiet,  with  an  idea  of 
hiding.  Stava  dietro  all'  uscio  —  — , 
he  stood  behind  the  door  as  quiet  as 
a  mouse. 

•Chiova  A;  =  Ghiova,  turf. 

•Chiov-agione,  =  Chiodame,  nails;  *-aia,  = 
Chiodaia ;  *  -ara,  frame  for  stretching  cloth ;  *  -ardo, 
tumour  in  legs  of  cattle ;  *-are,  to  nail;  t-ela,= 
Chiovolo ;  *  -ellare,  i.g.  chiovare ;  *  -ello,  =  Chiodo, 
nail;  t-ina,=Chiodina. 

*Chiovo  m.  (L.  clavus,  constituting  a  transition 
form  between  Chiavo  and  Chiodo);  i.  nail;  Serrare 
il  — ,  —  Venire  a'  ferri,  to  come  to  the  point,  ii.  = 
Chiovolo,  yoke-pin,  iii.  a  swelling  on  the  foot,  in 
birds,  tiv.  Capo  di  — ,  hammer-headed  shark,  v. 
Sfirna. 

•Chiovolay:;  i.  =  Rotella,  Cintura.  ii.=Snoda- 
tura. 

Chi6volo  (Chiavolo)  m.  (L.  claims, 
i>.  Chiavo);  peg  on  a  yoke  by  which 
the  pole  of  the  cart  is  attached. 

*  i.  articulation  of  an  animal's  bones,    ii.  —  Cogno. 
iii.  Serrare  il — ,  v.  Chiovo  (i).    iv.  =  Chiovo  (Hi). 

*Chiozzo  in. ;  —  Ghiozzo,  gudgeon. 

t  ChiozzottayC;  a  ship  of  Chioggia,  near  Venice. 
Chiragra  (Ciragra)/:  (Gr.);  (med.)  gout  in  the 
hands. 

*Chiramassio  m.  (L.  chiratrifixium<Gr.  \«ip, 
hand,  a^a£a,  car);  a  sort  of  wheeled  litter  drawn  by 
one  person. 

*  Chirato  m. ;  share,  v.  Carato  (3). 

Chirie  m.  (Gr.  xvpie,  O  Lord  !),  Chirieleison 
or  Chirieleis6nne  (xvpie  eA^o-op) ;  the  chant  that 
begins  with  this  word.     *  Rinnegare  il    Chirie  e  il 
Criste  eleison  ;   to  curse  and  blaspheme. 
*Chiriello  ?n.',  chanting  the  Kyrie. 
•Chirintana  or  Chirinzana^;  an  old  dance. 

Chiriti  / //.  (Gr.  x"'p)l  stalactites  like  hands. 

Chirograf-ario  m. ;  debtor  or  creditor  by  -o. 

Chir6grafo  m.  (Gr.);  (leg.)  written  agreement. 

Chirologia  /.;  talking  on  the  ringers. 

Chiroman-te  in.  (Gr.);  palmist,  -zia  f.  • 
palmistry. 

Chirone  m.  ;  (<w/r.)the constellation  Sagittarius. 

Chironetteyl  (Gr.  \tip,  hand,  vyiu-iK,  swim- 
mer) ;  the  yapoch,  or  Demerara  opossum,  a  genus  of 
marsupials  with  webbed  feet,  Chironectes. 

Cnirinia/;  (hot.)  a  South  African  genus  of 
Gentianaceae,  but  the  name  has  also  been  given  to 
centaiiry,  v.  Centaurea. 

Chironomia  f.  (Gr.);  art  of  gesticulation. 

Chiropodista  m.  (Gr.);  chiropodist. 

Chirdta  m. ;  a  Mexican  species  of  Ainpfiis- 
batna,  resembling  a  slow-worm,  Chirotes. 

Chirotecay?  (Gr.);  i.  episcopal  glove,  a  silk 
glove  of  the  same  colour  as  the  vestments  embroidered 


with  a  gold  cross.     2.  gauntlet  of  a  cavalry  soldier. 
3.  a  surgical  wrapper,  like  a  glove. 

Chirdtteri,  Cheirdtteri  m.  pi.  (Gr.);  the  bat 
family. 

Chirurg-la  /  (L.,  <Gr.);  surgery. 
Aff.  -icamente,  -ico,  -o. 

(^"  The  //.  m.  of  -ico  is  Chirur- 
gici,  the  pi.  fern.  Chirurgiche,  that  of 
-go  is  Chirurghi  or  sometimes  Chirurgi. 

*Chisciare;  =  Sarchiellare,  to  weed. 
Chiscidtte;  Don  — ,  Don  Quixote. 
Chissisia;y<7r  Chi  si  sia,  whoever  it  is. 
*  C  h  i  tare    (mlt.   quit-its,   qiiitare  <  L.    quietus) ; 
i.   to  quit.     ii.  to  seek.     iii.   itttr.  to  give  a  receipt, 
iv.  =  Coitare,  to  think. 

Chitarr-a/  (L.  dthara<Gr.  KiBdpa); 
guitar.  Legno  da  — ,  (bot.)  guitarwood, 
Citharexylon  cinereiiin. 

Aff.  -e"tta  -iglia  or  -ma  dims.,  -ino  dim., 
smaller  than  -ina ;  Rompere  il  -ino  a  uno,  to  worry, 
to  annoy  him ;  -ista,  -onata,  spreg. ,  silly  love  poem  ; 
-one  avgm.,  i.  large  guitar;  2.  writer  of  unpolished 
verses;  3.  fat  woman. 

Chitina  f.  (Gr.    \iTtav,    tunic) ;    chitine,    the 
horny  substance  which  gives  hardness  to  the  skins 
of  Crustacea,  insects  and  spiders. 
*Chito  (v.  Chitare);  quiet,  hushed. 

Chiu  m. ;  little  horned  owl,  usu. 
Assiolo,  Scops  Aldrm>andi,  or  its  cry. 

*i.  =  Cuculo,  cuckoo,     ii.  =  Babbeo,  blockhead, 
t  As  adv.  —  Piu. 

Cbiucchiupicchio  m. ;  =  Fringuello, 
chaffinch. 

Cbiucchiurlaia  / ;  screeching. 

Chiucchiurlare  (freq.  of  Chiurlare); 
to  imitate  the  hoot  of  an  owl. 

Cbiucco  m. ;  =  Cocuzzolo,  pate. 

Cbiud&nda  or  pop.  Chiudendola ; 
i.  fence.  2.  oven  door.  3.  =Tramezzo, 
partition. 

Cbiud-ere  (Claudere)  per/,  chiusi, 
part,  chiuso  (L.  claudere,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Clause);  to  shut,  to  close,  -ersi,  of  the 
sky,  to  be  overcast.  Part.  Chiuso,  v. 
infra,  in  loco,  -ersi  di,  to  close  over. 
II  ciel  si  chiude  di  vista  in  vista  infino 
alia  piu  bella,  (with  the  increasing 
brightness  of  dawn)  star  after  star  is 
blotted  out  from  the  sky,  till  even  the 
brightest  is  gone,  ///.  the  sky  shuts  itself 
from  one  object  of  vision  to  another, 
D.  Par.  30.  8. 

*Chiudiborsa  m.  •  cut-purse,  thief. 

Chiuino  in. ;  dim.  Chiu,  owl. 
Chiunque;  whoever. 
Cbiurla  /  ;  v.  Chiurlo  (4). 
Chiurlare ;  to  hoot. 

Chiurle'tto  m. ;  whimbrel,  a  species 
of  curlew,  Numenius  phaeopus,  also 
termed  Fischione  piccolo. 

Chiurlo  (Chiurli)  m.  (imit.) ;  i.  =  As- 
siuolo,   owl.     2.    bird-catching   with    a 
decoy-owl,   bird-lime   and   a   bird-call. 
3.  —  maggiore,  or   sometimes  simply 
Chiurlo,  the  curlew,  Numenius  arquatus, 
also   termed   Fischione   maggiore;    - 
marino=  Mignattino,    black    tern;    - 
piccolo  =  Chiurletto.   4.  (/<?«.)  =  Baggi- 
ano,  fool,  or  as  in  E.,  owl. 

Chiurlotello  ;«. ;  a  species  of  curlew, 
Numenius  tenuirostris,  also  termed 
Fischione  terraiolo. 


Chiusa  /;  i.  barrier.  2.  dam. 
3.  gate  of  a  dock.  4.  In  — ,  shut  up, 
esp.  of  birds  shut  up  in  the  dark  to 
prevent  their  singing,  with  a  view  to 
their  singing  more  when  serving  as 
decoys.  5.  close  (of  a  letter,  etc.). 
*barricade. 

Chiusfno  m. ;  i.  cover  (over  a  hole). 
2.  =Chiudenda,  oven  door.  3.  =Sa- 
crario,  sacristy.  4.  secret  drawer  in  a 
desk.  5.  =Divisorio,  partition. 

Chius-o  part.  Chiudere;   i.  closed. 

2.  enclosed  ;    Acque   -e,  =  Vivai,   fish- 
ponds.    3.    Uomo   — ,  close  man,  re- 
served.     4.     Mente    -a,    unintelligent. 
5.  (Cielo)  — ,  overcast.     6.  of  the  letters 
e  and  o,  close,  pronounced  with  the  lips 
drawn  together.     7.  Ha  un  occhio  — , 
he  is  blind  of  one  eye.     8.  Proceder  — , 
to    proceed    darkly,    D.    Par.    ii.    73. 
9.  (Organo)  — ,  with  few  stops  out,  so  as 
to  be  soft. 

As  sb. :  10.  enclosure,  "covered 
passage,  arcade. 

Chiusura/;  i.  closure.  2.  (com.) 
Registrazione  di  — ,  closing  entry ;  —  di 
cassa,  agreement  of  the  daily  balance. 

3.  (mar.)  furling. 

*i.  enclosure,   ii.  bolt  of  a  door  or  gate.    iii.  sluice- 
gate,    iv.  v.  Faggta. 
tChiuvegli;  nobody. 

Ci  (L.  ecce  hie,  cp.  Fr.  id,  Provenc.. 
aid);  i.  there.  2.  us.  3.  C'  e,  there 
is,  a  form  often  used  with  a  pi.  subject ; 
In  Firenze  c'  e  pochi  soldati,  there  are 
few  soldiers  in  Florence;  Farei  questa 
spesa  ma  non  c'  e  quattrini,  I  would 
incur  this  expense  but  there  is  not  the 
money. 

Cia;  the  sound  of  water  falling 
softly,  etc.  t=  Qua,  here.  *=Te,  tea, 
the  plant  or  the  beverage. 

Ciaba  /«.  ;  i.  spreg.  Ciabattino. 
2.  chatterbox. 

Ciabare  {imit.,  to  say  Cia) ;  to  jabber. 

Ciabatta  f. ;  i.  properly,  slipper 
with  no  upper  at  the  heel.  2.  any 
worn-out  shoe.  3.  Cervello  a  — ,  a 
shambling  sort  of  brain ;  Portare  il  cer- 
vello  a  — ,  to  speak  or  write  trash. 

*i.  sandal,  ii.  in  pl.=  Ciarpe,  tatters,  iii.  =Cia- 
battone. 

Etym.  Cogn.  bit.  sapa  or  zapa,  Fr.  savate, 
Span,  zapata,  springing  either  from  Arabic  sabata, 
to  shoe,  or  Basque  zapata,  shoe. 

Ciabattaccia./;  pcgg.  Ciabatta. 

Ciabattare  ;  to  shamble  along. 
*=Acciabattare,  to  botch. 

Ciabattatayi ;  blow  with  a  slipper. 

*  C  iabatte  ria  y.  ;  =  Ciarpe ,  rubbish. 
Ciabattinay:;  dim.  Ciabatta. 

Ciabattfn-o  ;«.;  i.  cobbler.  2.  bung- 
ler. *=Scaracchio.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.,  -ume,  lot  of  bunglers. 

Ciabatt6n-e  m.,  -a  /;  i.  person 
with  slippers  down  at  heel  and  dressed 
to  match.  2.  bungler. 

*  Ciabattura  /.  ;  =  Masseriziuola. 

Ciab6n-e  «/.,  -a  /  (It.  ciabare); 
jabberer. 

19—2 


148 


CIACCHE— CIANO 


Ciacche ;  strengthened  form  of  Cia, 
a  sound  such  as  that  of  a  pig  champing 
acorns ;  v.  Ciacco. 

Ciacchera./;  v.  Ciacchero. 
Ciaccheranda  in. ;  (bot.)  Jacaranda,  a  tropical 
American  genus  of  Bignoiiiaceae. 
•Ciaccheri;  i\  Chiccheri. 
Ciaccherino  ?«.;  dim,  Ciacchero. 

Ciacchero  »/.  (strengthened  from 
Ciacco) ;  hoggish  person,  ragamuffin. 

*Ciacchillarsi  (It.  ciacco);  to  wallow. 

Ciaccia;  I.  m.  orf.  =  Ciacci-one  or 
-ona,  meddler.  2.  f.  —  Ammaccatura. 
t  chestnut  cake. 

*  Ciacciamellare ;  =  Cianciare  or  Ciacciare. 

Ciacciare;  I.  to  speak  without  being 
qualified.  2.  to  be  a  busybody. 

Etytn.  Aphaeresi*  from  It.  acciacciare,  which 
seems  to  have  been  developed  by  reduplic  ition  and 
alteration  out  of  L.  agere. 

Ciaccin-q  m.,  -a  / ;  v.  Ciacciare. 
\dirn.  Ciaccia,  chestnut-cake. 

tCiaccio  m. ;  =  Castagnaccio,  chestnut-cake. 

Ciacci6n-e  m.,  -a  f. ;  angm.  of 
Ciaccia,  v.  Ciacciare. 

*  Ciacco  m. ;   i.   hog.     ii.   parasite,     iii.   as  adj., 
hoggish.     The  word  still  survives  as  a  Vezzativo  in 
certain  districts. 

kltyin.  Either  imitative  from  the  sound  of  a 
pig  champing  or  from  Gr.  <n»)3af,  crvjSaKOC,  hoggish, 
which  would  readily  become  **siacco,  ciacco. 

Ciaccol-a/;  low-class  woman.  Aff. 
-6na  aiigm. 

*  Ciaccona/;  (Span,  ckacona  <  Basque  chocuna, 
pleasing) ;  a  Spanish  dance,  with  castanets. 

•Ciaccotta./:;  old  Portuguese  dance  tune. 

*  Ciacoppa  f. ;  nape  of  the  neck,  in  a  pig. 
tCiaffata/;  =  Ceffata,  slap. 
*Ciaffero  ;«.;  =  Birro,  constable. 
*Ciaffo  tn. ;=CefFo,  snout. 
tCiaffone  »;.;  =  Ceffone. 

tCiafregna  or  Cianfregna_/;  sfireg.,  sloven. 

*Ciaiera  f.\  chair.  Numerous  cognate  forms 
are  given  by  Littrc,  sub  Ctiaire,  all  <  L.  cathedra. 
The  English  ' '  chair "  is  the  same  word. 

*Cialabardone  /;/.;  =  Ciabattone,  bungler. 

Ciald-a/  (Fr.  chaude<  L.  calidns] ; 

1.  a  kind  of  large  wafer;    Non  esser 
farina  da  far  -e,  pers.  to  be  good  for 
nothing.     2.  scherz.  cockade. 

* Cialdino  ?«.;  delicate  person. 

Cialdon-aio,  seller  of  cialde  or  cial- 
doni ;  -cfno,  dim,  of  -e  ;  -e,  a  thin  curled- 
up  Cialda. 

Cialdr6n-a  f.  ;     i.    loose    woman. 

2.  slut,    -accio  ///.    -accia  f. ;  pegg.  of 
-e  or  -a.     -ata  f. ;  rascality,     -cello  in. 
or  -cella  f. ;  dim.  of  -e  or  -a.     -e  m. ; 
blackguard.     -erfa_/ ;  blackguardly  act 
or  character. 

Etym.  Prob.  corr.  of  **  Geldrone,  migm.  of 
^Geldra,  q.v. 

Ciambell-a/  (L.  suavillum) ;  i.  ring- 
shaped  bun.  Prov.  Tutte  le  -e  non 
riescon  col  buco,  the  hole  does  not 
always  come  in  the  Ciambella  as  in- 
tended. 2.  any  piece  of  pastry,  usu. 
Chicco.  3.  medicament  for  doctoring 
wine.  4.  curl  formerly  given  to  women's 
hair  on  the  temples.  5.  ivory  ring  put 
in  babies'  mouths  when  teething.  6.  air 
cushion.  7.  ring  at  the  lower  part  of  a 
"  Bracciale,"  through  which  the  arm 
goes.  8.  Far  la  — ,  of  a  horse,  to 
spin  round.  9.  =  Cercine,  porter's  knot. 
10.  catgut  made  up  into  a  ring  for  sale, 
n.  balance-wheel  of  a  watch.  *i.  a 


kind   of  artillery   fuse ;    ii.    (geom.)  a 
plane  ring. 

Ciambellai-a/,  -o  m. ;  pastrycook. 

Ciambellano  m. ;  pop.  for  Ciamber- 
lano. 

Ciambelle'tta/ ;  dim.  Ciambella. 

Ciambellfn-a  / ;  dim.  vezz.  Ciam- 
bella, esp.  the  curls  of  old  ladies,  v. 
Ciambella  (4).  -e  alia  niscosta,  things 
done  secretly. 

*  Ciambello  m. ;  battle. 

Ciambell6n-e  ?«.,  -a/;  i.  attgm. 
Ciambella.  2.  fam.  for  Ciambolone  -a. 

'Ciambellotto  »/. ;  =  Cammellotto,  camlet.     Co- 
gliere  la  piega  del  — ,  to  form  an  inveterate  habit. 

Ciamberlan-o  m.  (variant  of  Camar- 
lingo,  f.v.);  unsalaried  Court  official. 
Aff.  -ato,  the  office. 

•Ciamberlato;  decorated  with  arabesques. 

Ciambitta/;  hammer-headed  shark.  Zygaena 
malleus. 

Ciambol-ay^;  =  Ciana,  q.v.  -are  ;  to 
prate,  -io  m.;  prating,  -one  m.  or  -ona 
f. ;  pers.  rattle. 

Elym.  duh.  Perhaps  <  **  clamulare,  <  I,,  da- 
mare,  or  connected  with  It.  cembalo,  v.  Zimbello. 

*  Ciambottare ;  =  Ciambolare,  to  prate. 
*Ciambray:;  =  Camera,  room. 
•Ciammengola/;  i.   bit  of  rubbish,     ii.    of  a 

woman,  baggage. 

t  Ciampa  yC  (variant  of  Zampa)  ;  =  Cianca,  leg. 

Ciampaca  f.  ;  (tot.)  the  Chumpaka  of  the 
Hindoos,  Michelia  Champaca,  an  Indian  tree. 

Ciampanelle  / //.  (It.  ciampa,  cp. 
Inciampare);  Dare  in  — ,  i.  to  make  a 
blunder.  2.  to  begin  to  go  mad ;  Fare 
quell'  uscita  al  tuo  superiore,  tu  mi  dai  in 
— !  behaving  like  that  to  your  superior 
officer,  you  must  be  going  mad ! 

*Ciampare    (It.    ciampa);    i,  —  Inciampare,   to 
stumble,     li.  =  Ingannare,  to  deceive. 
t  Ciampeggiare;  to  approach  quietly. 

Ciampicare  ind.  ciampico  (It.  ciam- 
pare);  i.  to  walk  without  lifting  the 
feet  properly,  to  shuffle  along.  2.  fig. 
to  be  a  bad  worker. 

CiampicMn-o  M.,  -a/ ;  slow,  clumsy 
worker. 

Ciampic6n-e  m.,  -a/ ;  v.  Ciampicare. 

Ciampolfno  m.;  a  variety  of  pear- 
tree. 

Ciana  /  (A)  (etym.  dub.,  prob.  < 
Lombard  Sana,  sow,  <  Germ.  Schwein) ; 
low,  underbred  woman.  -  rivestita, 
rich  woman  risen  from  a  low  origin. 

*(B)(for  **Ziana<Zio);  aunt. 

Cianaio  m.  (It.  ciana);  i.  group  of 
Ciane.  2.  piece  of  low  gossip. 

Cianata/  (It.  ciana) ;  ill-bred  action 
or  saying. 

Cianato  m.  \  (chew.)  cyanate. 

Cianca  (Zanca)/  (cogn.  E.  shank, 
A.S.  sceanca,  Danish  skunk,  Germ. 
Schenkel,  thigh;  origin  unknown); 
schers.  for  Gamba,  leg.  -  a  iccasse, 
bandy  legs. 

tCiancaille  m.;  bandy  legs. 

Ciancanella/.;  person  rather  bandy- 
legged. 

*Ciancellare;  a  word  of  uncertain  meaning; 
j>rob.  freq.  of  Cianciare,  to  chatter,  or  less  prob.  = 
Cancellare,  to  reel. 


Ciancerella  /  ;  dim.  Ciancia,  small 
talk.  *toy. 

*Ciancerello  m. ;  =  Chiacchierino,  chatterbox. 
*Ciancero  or  Ciancerino;  delicate,  neat. 

*  Ciancerulla  f. ; -- Ciancerella. 

Cian-c^sco.  garrulous ;  -c£tta,  dim. 
of  Ciancia. 

Cianchetta  /  ;  dim.  Cianca.  Far 
— ,  to  cut  a  caper. 

t Cianchiglion-e  m.,  -&f.'t  long-legged  person, 
great  walker. 

Ciancia  f.  (prob.  imitative,  cp.  dia- 
lectic Germ,  zdnzelif);  i.  tittle-tattle, 
nonsense,  stuff,  prating.  2.  Ciance ! 
rubbish  !  3.  Da  delle  ciance  per  paga- 
mento,  he  promises  instead  of  paying. 
4.  Tenere  a  — ,  (a)  to  put  (a  person)  off 
with  excuses,  (b)  to  make  no  account  of 
(a  thing) ;  Scommunicollo  ed  egli  il 
tenne  a  — ,  he  excommunicated  him 
but  he  made  light  of  it;  Prendere  il 
voto  a  — ,  to  take  a  vow  upon  oneself 
lightly,  D.  Par.  5.  64. 

Cianei-afriiscole  /  //. ;  trifles,  v. 
Fruscolo.  -are  ;  to  prate,  -are  al  vento, 
to  waste  one's  breath.  -at6re  in. ;  = 
Ciancione. 

Ciancic-are  ind.  ciancico,  ciancichi ; 

1.  from  Cianciare  as  applied  to  actions, 
to   do   little   and   do   it   badly.      2.    to 
mumble  in  speaking.     3.  to  eat  slowly, 
or  of  old  men,  to  chew  with  the  gums. 
Aff.  -dne,  -ona  vbsbs. 

Cianciere ;  cackling  (goose),  quack- 
ing (duck),  etc. 

Cianci6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  babbler.  *augm. 
Ciancia. 

Cianciugliare ;  to  speak  indistinctly 
or  to  lisp. 

Cianciugli6n-e  m.,  -a/;  v.  Cianciugliare. 

^Cianciullare;  to  keep  prating. 

*Cianco  m. ;  a  wide  stretch  of  the  legs  so  as  to 
get  over  something  without  a  jump. 
Cianesco ;  v.  Ciana. 

•Cianfarda/  (presumably  <  It.   ciana  +  fardo, 
cp.  Zanfarda);  some  kind  of  woman's  apparel. 

•Cianfrogna  or  Cianfrona  f.;  =  Sciatta,  silly 
woman. 

*Cianfrone  m.;  an  old  Neapolitan  coin,  about 
3  lire.  . 

*Cianfruglion-e  m.,  -a./.;  v.  Cerfuglione. 

Cianfrusaglia  (Cianfruscaglia)  f. 
(variant  of  Cianciafruscola)  ;  bit  of 
rubbish,  bauble. 

tCianfruscolay:;  =  Gallinella  d'  acqua,  moorhen 
•Cianghellino;    depraved    like  Cianghella,   the 
woman  mentioned  by  Dante  (Par.   15.   128). 

*  Ciangpla/:;  =  Ciarla,  chatter,  nonsense.    Aver 
la  —  in  balia,  to  be  able  to  speak  little  or  much  as 
required. 

Ciangott-are(variantof  Cinguettare, 
to  chirp) ;  i.  of  a  child,  to  begin  to  talk. 

2.  to  lisp,  or  to  have  an  impediment  in 
one's  speech.     3.   of  a  bird,  to  twitter 
gently  as  some  birds  do  after  having 
been  fed.     Aff.  -fo  freq.  sb.,  -one,  -ona. 

CTanico :  (chftn.)  cyanic. 

Ci'anidrico ;  (chem.)  hydrocyanic,  prussic  (acid). 
Ci'anina./;  cyanine,  colouring  matter  of  violets 
etc. 

Cianinayl;  dim.  Ciana. 

Cianfo  m. ;  uproar. 

Ciianizzare ;  to  preserve  wood  by 
impregnation  with  chloride  of  mercury. 

Cian.0  m.  (v.  Ciana);  ruffian,  cad. 


CIANO— CICCINA 


149 


Ciano  m.  (L.  cyaneus<Gr.  nvavos, 
which  was  some  dark  blue  substance) ; 
i.  blue  colour.  2.  (tot.)  (a)  —  persico,  or 
Ambretta,  sweet  sultan,  Ambcrboa  mos- 
chata ;  (b)  —  de"  campi,  blue  cornflower, 
Centaureacyanus,a\sQ  termed  Fioraliso, 
Battisegola,  Croce  di  Santo  Stefano. 

Ci'an&geno  m.;  (chem.)  cyanogen. 
CVan6metro  HI.  ;  instrument  for  measuring  the 
depths  of  blueness  of  the  sky  or  the  sea. 
Cian6n-e  m.,  -a_/C;  augin.  Ciana. 

Cianbtipo  m.  ;  cyanotype  photo- 
graph. 

Cianta  or  Ciant&lla  /  (It.  pianta, 
by  the  common  change  of  p  into  c) ; 
old  shoe  used  as  a  slipper. 

Ciantellare ;  to  move  about  noisily 
in  Ciantelle. 

*  Ciantell-are,  -ino;  v.  Centell-are,  -ino,  sip. 

Cianume  m.  \  rabble. 

Cj'anuro  tn. ;  (fhem.)  cyanide. 

Ciapetta;  Ugo  — ,  Hugh  Capet,  of  France. 

Ciap-o,  -ino;  short  for  lacop-o,  -ino. 

Ciappa  /  *(A)  (corr.  of  Fr.  tchoppe, 
graver,  <  old  Fr.  eschalpre :  cogn.  Span. 
escoplo,  Portug.  escopro ;  <  L.  scalpelluw, 
•v.  Scalpello) ;  =  Ciappola,  graving  chisel. 

(B) ;  loop  in  a  strap  for  a  buckle,  etc. 

*Ciapperone  m.  (Fr.  chaperon);   lady's  head- 
dress. 

*Ciapperotto  ;//. ;  some  kind  of  cloak. 

Ciappol-a  / ;  graver,  ?/.  Ciappa. 
AJf.  -dtta,  -fna  dims. 

t  Ciarabottarc  ;  =  Ciangottare. 

Ciarafugli<5n-e  ;«.,  -a  /;  bungler, 
blunderhead. 

*CiarameIla  (Caramella)y;  (Provenc.  caramel); 
shawm,  v.  Cennamella  (A). 

Ciaramellare  ind.  ciaramello  ;  = 
Cianciare,  to  prate. 

tCiaramilla/:;  i.  =Ciambella.     ii.  =  Focaccetta 
a  chiocciola. 

Ciarl-a/ (It.  ciarlare);  i.  ill-natured 
gossip.  2.  false  report.  3.  sometimes, 
esp.  in  />/.,  with  no  idea  of  malignity  or 
falsity;  Facciamo  due  -e,  the  same  as 
Due  chiacchiere,  let  us  have  a  little 
talk ;  Le  -e  non  s'  infilzano,  or  non 
s'  infilano,  mere  talk  does  no  good. 

Ciarlame'nto  m. ;  i.  talk.  2.  pop. 
for  Parlamento. 

Ciarlare ;  to  gossip,  to  talk. 

Rtym.  itnkn.  Prob.  imit.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Char- 
latan. 

Ciarlata  / ;  a  long  talk. 

Ciarlatan-accio  pegg .,  -ata  charlatan's  talk, 
-eria,  -escamente,  -esco,  -ismo;  ?>.  -o. 

Ciarlatano  m.  (It.  ciarlata);  charlatan   quack. 

Ciarl-at6re  w.;  =  Ciarlone.  -iere  or  -liro  «.-.; 
gossiper.  -fo  m.  ;  quantity  of  gossip,  -onaccio 
tn.,  -onaccia  /.  pegg.;  great  gossiper.  -6ne  m., 
-6nay". ;  gossiper. 

Ciarldtto  in. ;  —  gesuita,  =  Mignattino,  black 
tern. 

Ciarnere  tn.  (Fr.  charnur);  (mar.)  scuttle-butt 
(water-cask). 

Ciarp-a  /.  (variant  of  Sciarpa)  ; 
i.  neck-tie.  2.  sash.  3.  scarf.  4.  scrap, 
rubbish,  lumber.  5.  trashy  unwhole- 
some fruit.  6.  fig.  trash,  i.e.  blundering 
talk  or  writings.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ame, 
lot  of  scraps. 

Ciarpare ;  —  Acctarpare,  to  bungle. 
•Ciarperia/;  lumber. 

Ciarpett-a  dim.,  -fna  sub-dim.,  of  Ciarpa. 
•Ciarpiere  in. ;  meddler. 


Ciarpinay;;  dim.  Ciarpa. 

Ciarpdne  tn. ;  pop.  for  Acciarpone,  bungler. 

Ciarpume  m.\  i.  =Ciarpame.  2. 
leaves  and  sticks  on  the  ground  in  a 
forest,  usu.  Pacciame. 

Ciascheduno;  a  variant  of  Ciascuno. 
Ciascuno  (L.  qvisque  units):  each,  every. 
Ciatif6rme;  (bot.)  cup-shaped. 
Ci'ato  in.  (L.  evfttfiKs);  cup. 
*Ciattay^;  nothing. 
*Ciatti  <i<//. ;  contemptible,  noxious. 
tCiatto;  =  Spiantato,  Piano. 
•Ciausire  (Cogtt.    Fr.  ckoisir.  Proven^,  cuitsir, 
Engl.  choose,  L.  gits-tare,  to  taste,  Gr.  yevo^ai,  to 
taste,  from    the   root  geus,  v.    Skeat,   sub   Choose, 
Littre.  sub  Choisir) ;  to  choose. 

tCiautta/;  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (4). 

*  Ciavatta  f. ;  =  Ciabatta,  shoe. 
Cibaccio;  pegg.  Cibo,  food. 

•Cibaccolay:;  i.  spreg.  Cibo.     it.  rubbish. 
*CibaiaX;  =  Cibaria;  nsn.Jig.,  amusement. 
tCibai6lo  m. ;  =  Civaiolo,  greengrocer. 
•Cibale;  nutritious. 

Cibare  ;  to  feed.  Also  fig.  Non  me 
ne  cibo,  that  will  not  do  for  me.  *to 
eat. 

Cibaria  / ;  victuals. 

Cibari-o ;  i.  nutritive.  2.  (hist.) 
Legge  -a,  sumptuary  law  to  limit  ex- 
penditure on  feasts. 

*Cibattone  *».;  =  Ciabattone,  bungler. 
*Cibeay;;  =  Tartana,  a  small  ship. 
*Cibeca/:;  =  Baggeo,  fool. 

Cibo  (Civo)  m.  (L.);  food. 

Cibbrio  (Civorio)  m.  ;  ciborium, 
shrine  on  the  altar  for  the  Host. 
Quant'  e  vero  il  — ,  a  form  of  swearing. 

*  i.  the  Ark  of  the  Old  Testament,     ii.  any  sacred 
vessel. 

*  C  iboso  ;  fertile. 
*Cibrea./;  =  Treggia,  sledge. 

Cibr&o  (Civreo)  m.  (bit.  cirbus  for 
L.  zirbus,  the  omentum  of  the  in- 
testines); i.  fricassee  of  the  insides  of 
chickens,  with  eggs.  2.  mishmash, 
hotchpot. 

Cica  f.  (A)  (L.  ciccus,  lit.  pome- 
granate core,  hence  thing  of  no  value. 
Cogn.  Fr.  f/itc/te,  and  perhaps  E.  kick,  in 
the  colloquialism  "I  don't  care  a  kick"); 
a  mere  nothing.  (B) ;  conlr.  of  Cicala. 

Cicada  / ;  poet,  for  Cicala. 
Cicade  f.  pi.;  (bot.)  the  cycad  family,  Cyca- 
daceae,  a  natural  order  of  palm-like  shrubs. 

Cical-a  /  (L.  cicada);  i.  cicada, 
cricket.  2.  vezz.  pretty  girl.  3.  fig. 
great  talker.  4.  Grattare  il  corpo  alia 
— ,  to  induce  a  person  to  speak  and 
give  some  information.  5.  —  di  mare, 
a  species  of  lobster,  Scy Hants.  6.  (mar.) 
anchor-ring. 

Aff.  -aio  place  of  much  talk,  -are  to 
talk,  -ata  long  speech  with  nothing  in 
it,  -at6re  -atrice  talker,  -^ccio  or  -e'ggio 
quantity  of  talking,  -dtta  dim. 

Cicalin-0  ;//.,  -a/;  i.  dim.  Cicala. 
2.  chatterbox. 

*  i.  =  lirigidino,    biscuit,     ii.    wheat   which    has 
fallen  off  in  quality,     iii.    pianoforte  of  poor  tone. 

Cicalio  m. ;  noise  of  talking. 

Cical6nay!;  =  Canapiglia,  gadwall  duck. 

Cicaldne  m. ;  gossiper. 

tCicaldtt-o  tn. ;  -i  in  giubba,  stuffed  Zucchini, 
at  Lucca. 

tClcana  f.  (Byzantine  word,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Chicanery);  =  Cavillo,  quibble. 

•Cicantone;  v.  Ciccantone. 

*  Cicare ;  -  Accecare,  to  blind. 
*CicarolayC;  mainsail. 


Cicatr-ice  /  (L.);  scar.  *  trick. 
Aff.  -icola  dim.  (seat  of  the  germ  in 
an  egg),  -icula  dim.  (mark  of  attach- 
ment of  a  seed,  e.g.  in  a  bean),  -izzare 
to  cicatrise,  -izzazione. 

Cicca  /  (variant  of  Cica,  cp.  Fr. 
chique);  \.  stump  of  a  cigar.  2.  quid 
of  tobacco.  3.  Una  mezza  — ,  a  short 
thin  man,  or  boy  trying  to  look  like  a 
man.  4.  M '  ha  fatto  — ,  (pop.)  he  "sold" 
me,  v.  Cilecca. 

Ciccaiblo  m.;  collector  of  cigar  ends. 

*Ciccanton-a /;  i.  wife  of  a -e.     ii.  prostitute. 

*  Ciccantone  (Cicantone)  m. ;  low  kind  of  buffoon 
ur  rope-dancer. 

Ciccare ;  to  che\v  tobacco.  *to 
grumble. 

Cicche  ciacche ;  (imit.)  sound  of 
clapping. 

*  Cicchera  /. ;  -  Chicchera,  coffee-cup. 
Cicchetta/;  dim.  Cicca. 
Cicchettare;  to  drink  the  Cicchetto. 
Cicchettinayi;  snl'-dim.  Cicca. 

Cicchetto  m. ;  glass  of  grog. 

CicchinayT;  dim.  Cicca. 

Cicchino  tn . ;  dim.  Cicca.  *As  adj. ,  =  Picco- 
lino,  little. 

Ciccia  f.  (L.  insicia,  forced  meat, 
stuffing,<iusecare,  to  cut  up);  in  familial- 
conversation,  i.  meat.  2.  woman. 

Phrases,  etc. :  3.  Finche  c'  e  —  si 
rimpiccia,  the  dinner  is  all  right  if  the 
meat  is  there.  4.  Aver  molta  —  ad- 
dosso,  (pers.)  to  be  fat.  5.  fe  un  rotolo 
di  — ,  he  is  very  fat.  6.  Un  pezzo  di  — 
cogli  occhi,  describing  a  woman  who  is 
good-looking  but  without  any  sentiment. 
7.  Far  — ,  (a)  to  make  a  great  slaughter ; 
(b)  fig.  to  do  a  lot  of  work  in  a  very 
rough  way.  8.  Tirare  a  far  — ,  to  make 
haste  to  get  what  one  can ;  Quella  don- 
naccia  sa  di  doverci  star  poco  in  quella 
casa  e  lira  a  far  — ,  that  horrid  woman 
knows  she  can  only  stop  a  short  time 
and  is  making  haste  to  get  what  she 
can  ;  Gli  avete  venduto  questi  mobili 
per  cosl  poco?  o  che  tirate  a  far  — ?  is 
it  true  you  have  sold  him  this  furniture 
for  so  little?  are  you  in  a  hurry  to  take 
anything  you  can  get  ?  9.  —  fredda, 
a  corpse.  10.  Voler  —  e  quattrini,  to 
want  a  woman  of  some  sort  for  a  wife 
but  a  rich  dowry  with  her;  Rinnovar  — 
e  quattrini,  to  marry  a  second  wife  and 
get  a  fresh  dowry,  ii.  Esser  di  — , 
to  be  flesh  and  blood,  not  a  statue. 
12.  Leverebbe  la  —  dalla  pentola,  a 
forced  metaphor  to  describe  an  attrac- 
tive woman,  she  would  inspire  the  meat 
in  a  pot  to  come  out  to  her.  13,  Offrire 
la  —  al  gatto,  to  put  a  person  in  the 
way  of  temptation.  14.  Aver  trovato 
—  per  i  suoi  denti,  to  have  found  a 
tough  morsel.  15.  Danari  di  — ,  earn- 
ings of  prostitution.  1 6.  Le  cicce,  the 
body ;  Guarda  che  cicce,  look  what  a 
handsome  woman  that  is  ;  Assoda  le 
cicce,  (it)  strengthens  the  body.  Aff. 
Cicciaccia  pegg. 

Cicciaio /«. ;  i.  slaughter  on  a  battle- 
field. 2.  butcher.  3.  cat's-meat  man. 

*  Ciccialardone  ;  greedy  person. 
Ciccina  f.\  dint.  vezz.  Ciccia. 


CICCIO— CIGNATURA 


Ciccio  m.;  pop.  for  Cicciolotto.     t=Ciccia. 

Cicciola./;  (pot.)  an  edible  fungus,  Agaricus 
eryngii.  The  Italian  name  is  from  its  meaty  colour; 
it  grows  on  rotten  roots  of  the  sea-holly,  Eryngium 
jnaritimum. 

Cicciolotto  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Cicciolo. 

Cfcciolo  m.  (dim.  of  Ciccia);  i.  = 
Sicciolo,  fibrous  residue  in  preparing 
lard ;  Dare  un  —  per  riavere  un  porco, 
i.e.  to  make  a  small  gift,  hoping  to 
receive  a  larger  one.  2.  proud  flesh, 
granulations  in  a  wound ;  these  are 
also  termed  Cicciotto,  Cicciottolo  or 
Cicciolotto. 

Cicciolotto;  i>.  Cicciolo (2). 

Cicci6nay.;  fat  woman. 

Ciccione  ;//. ;  I.  fat  man.  2.  inflammatory 
tumour  in  the  skin,  Span,  chichoii. 

Ciccids-o  ;  fat.     Ajf.  -(no  dim. 

Cicciotto  m.;  v.  Cicciolo  (2). 

Ciccidttolo  m. ;  pop^.  for  Cicciotto. 
tCicci6ttoro;  =  Cicciottolo,  granulations. 

Cicciu61o  tn. ;  part  of  the  gum  close  to  a  tooth. 

Cicciut-o;  fleshy.     Aff.  -ino,  dim. 
tCicco  ;— Piccolo,  small. 
tCicela/;  bearded  eel,  v.  Ofidio. 
*Cicendela  (L.  cicitidela,  glow-worm);  lamp. 

Cicerbita  /.  (L.);  (tot.)  i.  —  comune,  sow- 
thistle,  Sonchits  oleraccvs,  also  termed  Crespigna. 
2.  —  de'  paduli,  a  species  of  pond-weed,  v.  Erba  (50). 

Cice"rchi-a  /  (L.  dcercula,  dim.  of 
deer,  chick-pea) ;  (hot.)  i.  vetchling, 
Lathyrus  sativus,  also  termed  Ingrassa- 
bue ;  Aver  mangiato  -e,  not  to  be  able 
to  see  clearly,  the  vetchling  having 
anciently  been  believed  to  be  bad  for 
the  eyes.  2.  --  sanguigna,  Tangier 
pea,  Lathyrus  tingitanus. 

Cicerchfn-o  adj.;  Pietra  -a,  a  kind  of  granite. 
Cicerchidne  tit.;  wild  everlasting  pea,  f.  Vec- 
chione (i,  a). 

Cicero  m.  •  a  type  first  used  in  an 
edition  of  Cicero  published  at  Rome  in 
1458  by  Umberto  Gallo,  intermediate 
in  size  between  "Pica"  and  "English." 

Cicer6na  /  ;  "  blue-stocking." 

Ciceroncf.no  M.  ;  i.  small  edition  of 
Cicero.  2.  boy  who  thinks  himself 
clever. 

Cicer6ne  m. ;  I.  Cicero.  2.  guide, 
cicerone  ;  so  named  from  his  much 
speaking.  3.  =  Strillozzo,  bunting.  ' 

Ciceroniano;  as  E. 
"Cichino  m. ;  dim.  Cica,  nothing. 
tCici  m.  pi.  ;=Cinci,  baby's  genitals. 
tCicia^  (Arabic  shasha,  fez);  fez. 
tCicigliay:;  =  Ceciglia,  blind-worm. 
•Cicigna  /;    i.  =  Cecilia,  q.v.  (a),    ii.    sharp- 
tongued  woman. 

tCiciliay:;  =  Ceciglia,  blind-worm.     *Sicily. 

CiciIiana_/C;  (bot.)  tutsan,  Hypcricum  andros- 
aemunt. 

Ciciliano;  pop.  for  Siciliano.     Gran  — ,  maize. 

Cicindela./;  tiger-beetle,  Cicitidela. 
tCicindello  or  Cincindello  (L.  cicindtla,  glow- 
worm); night-light. 

*Cicino  m. ;  swan,  v.  Cecino  (13). 
tCiciorare;  of  a  kettle,  to  sing. 
tCicirelli  m.  ;  =  Ammodite,  sand-eel. 
*Cicisbeay. ;  prostitute,     t  sweetheart. 

Cicisbeo  (Cecisbeo)  m.  (prob.  <  Fr. 
chiche,  little,  beau,  gallant ;  but  the  Fr. 
sigisbfa  or  cicisbfa  is  derived  from  the 
Italian);  i.  lady-killer.  2.  =  Cavalier 
servente,  gentleman  in  waiting  on  a 
lady  of  high  rank.  3.  lover  of  a  married 
woman. 

Cicladeyl;  i.  a  genus  of  fresh-water  molluscs, 
Cyclas.  2.  a  dress  worn  by  women  in  ancient  Rome. 

Ciclame  or  Ciclamino  m. ;  (/><>/.)  Cyclamen 
EuropaeitiH. 

*CiclianayC;  =  Ciciliana,  tutsan. 

Ciclico;  i.  cyclic;  Poeti  ciclici,  poets  treating 
of  a  particular  cycle  of  legends  such  as  that  of  the 


Trojan  war.  2.  As  si.  pi.,  Ciclici,  a  family  of  leaf- 
eating  beetles,  Cyclica. 

Ciclo  m.  (Gr.  KV*AOS,  circle);  cycle.  — solare, 
the  solar  cycle  of  28  years.  —  dell'  indizione  ro- 
mana,  15  years.  —  lunare,  the  Metonic  or  lunar 
cycle  of  IQ  years. 

Cicl6ld-ey:;  (math.)  cycloid.     Afl.  -ale. 

Ciclolitey;;  a  genus  of  fossil  madrepores. 

Ciclone  m.  (Gr.);  cyclone. 

Ciclop-e  m.  (Gr.);  Cyclops.    Aft.  -ico. 

Cicl6ptero  m. ;  lump-sucker  (fish),  Cyclopterus. 

Cict6stomi  m.pl.\  the  lampreys,  Cyclostomi. 

Cicdgna  f.  (L.  ciconia);  i.  stork, 
Ciconia  alba,  also  termed  Cicogna 
bianca.  2.  beam  which  by  its  motion 
swings  a  bell.  3.  lever  used  to  raise 
water  for  irrigation. 

Cicognare  ;  (mar.)  to  peak  a  yard,  so  as  to  use 
it  as  a  crane  for  hoisting  a  heavy  weight,  or  in  token 
of  mourning. 

Cicognino  m.',  young  stork, 
Cicognolayl;  i.  bent  lever.     2.  siphon  tube. 
*Cicolino  m. ;  =  Fignoletto,  boil. 
*Cicollottolay:;  =  Collottola,  nape  of  the  neck. 
Cicoracei   m.  pi.  ;    (bat.)   the   chicory  family, 
Cichoraceae. 

Cicdrea,  Cic6ria  /  (L.  dchorium) ; 
(hot.)  i.  —  salvatica,  wild  chicory  or 
succory,  Cichorium  intybus,  also  termed 
Radicchio.  2.  -  coltivata,  endive, 
Cichorium  endivia.  t  scherz.  —  Testa, 
head. 

tCic6ttela/:;  =  CollottoIa,  nape  of  the  neck. 
tCicottolone  m. ;  =  Costolone,  tough  fellow. 
*Cicurare;  — Addomesticare,  to  tame. 

Cicuta  /  (L.);  (hot.)  hemlock,  a 
genus  of  Umbelliferae  including  hem- 
lock proper,  Coniutn  maculatum,  water- 
hemlock,  Cicuta  virosa,  and  others. 

Cicutaria  / ;  (tot.)  rough  chervil,  Chaero- 
phyllunt  temulentum. 

*Cicutrernmayl;  an  old  musical  instrument. 

Cid  m.  (Arabic  said,  chief);  the  Spanish  hero 
of  the  nth  century,  Rodrigo  de  Bifar. 

•Cidari,  Citariy:;    i.    sort  of  turban,     ii.   an 
Arcadian  dance. 

Cidelo;  Fare  —  ,  to  tickle. 

Cidoniato  m. ;  =  Cotognato,  quince  jam. 

Cie  m. ;  a  Chinese  varnish. 

Cieca  / ;  i.  bed  cut  for  the  head  of 
a  screw.  2.  a  species  of  small  eel  found 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Arno.  3.  plait  of 
hair  worn  across  the  forehead  by  women 
at  Siena. 

Ciecch  w.;  =  Scecche,  cheque. 
*Ciecia/^;  =  Cecia,  hot-water  bottle. 

Ciec-o,  C6co  (L.  caecus);  i.  blind. 
2.  concealed.  3.  choked.  4.  Lettera 
-a,  (a)  (print.)  letter  choked  by  dried 
ink,  (b)  anonymous  letter.  5.  Mammella 
— ,  breast  with  no  nipple.  6.  Lanterna 
— ,  dark  lantern.  7.  Intestino — ,(anat.) 
the  caecum.  8.  Esser  —  di,  to  be  in- 
fatuated with  ;  Esser  —  di  se  stesso, 
to  have  much  too  good  an  opinion  of 
oneself.  9.  Mangiare  cavolo  co'  ciechi, 
v.  Cavolo.  tAs  sb.,  newsvendor,  these 
having  formerly  often  been  blind  people. 
Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Ciecolina^;  v.  Cieca  (2). 
*  Cielindbmini ;  v.  Cilindomini. 

Ci61o,  C61o  m.  (L.  caelum,  prob.  < 
**caidlom,  roolgaid,  bright,  cp.  O.H.G. 
heitar,  Germ,  heiter,  cheerful);  i.  sky. 
2.  canopy  over  a  bed,  roof  of  a  carriage 
or  other  vaulted  roof.  3.  climate,  at- 
mosphere. 4.  heaven. 

Phrases  :  5.  Toccare  il  —  con  un 
dito,  to  have  what  one  hardly  dared  to 
hope  for.  6.  Attaccarsi  alle  funi  del 
— ,  to  have  recourse  to  every  possible 


means  for  attaining  one's  ends.  7.  Non 
dare  ne  in  —  ne  in  terra,  to  be  inco- 
herent with  passion.  8.  Metier  in  — , 
to  hold  a  high  opinion  of.  9.  II  —  mi 
guardi,  or  ci  guardi,  scampi  e  liberi  se 
mi  voltero  mai  da  quella  parte !  heaven 
forbid  that  I  should  ever  look  for  assist- 
ance in  that  quarter! 

*i.  Dolersi  a  — ,  to  grieve  immensely.  So,  also, 
Avere  un'  allegrezza  a  — .  ii.  Riprendere  it  — ,  of 
a  bird,  to  fly  up.  in.  Rinnegare  il  — ,  to  be  im- 
patient. 

*  Cienci.    Prov.  O  di  —  o  di  cianci,  somehow  or 
other. 

•Ciesay:  (L.  caesa);  hedge. 

*  Ciesora  f.  pi. ;  =  Cesoie,  scissors. 
*Ciesso  m. ;  prostration,  weakness. 

*  Cie tt a  f.\  =  Civetta. 

tCievolo  »t.\  grey  mullet,  -'.  Mug^ine(3). 

*  Cifolotto  m. ;  =  Ciuffolotto,  bullfinch. 
Ciforino  m.\  South  American  wren. 

Cifra  (Cifera,  Zifera,  Zifira,  Zifra)  / 
(Arabic  (afar,  nought) ;  i.  cipher,  figure. 

2.  sum  total.     3.  sign,  e.g.  £  for  Lire. 
4.   cipher,  twisted  initials.     5.   cipher, 
secret  writing ;    Parlare  in  — ,  to  talk 
slang.    *zero.    As  adj.,  Uomo  — ,  mys- 
terious person. 

Cifrato  ;  written  in  cipher. 

*Cigarin-o  m. \  -i  di  Castri,  =  Porci,  gran  man- 
giatori. 

•Cigliaio  »/.;  =  Ciglione,  bank. 
*Cigliare  ;«.;  i.  =Cig!ione,  bank.     ii.  entrench- 
ment,    iii.  as  lib.,  to  stitch  up  birds'  eyelids. 

CigliaturayC;  (mar.)—  del  vento,  the  wind's 
eye. 

tCigliere  m. ;=Celliere,  wine-cellar. 
CigUetto  ;//. ;  tail-piece  of  a  guitar,  violin,  etc. 

Cfglio  in.  (L.  cilium,  eyelid);  //. 
Cigli,  or  f.  Ciglia  ;  i.  eyebrow;  also 
(poet.}  eye  or  face.  2.  bank,  edge  of 
a  ditch.  3.  (mil.)  glacis  or  counterscarp. 
*eyelid. 

Ciglionare ;  to  embank. 

Cigli6ne  m. ;  embankment.  *  hill- 
side. 

Cigliuto;  with  bushy  eyebrows. 

Cign-a  f.  (It.  cignare) ;  I.  strap, 
belt.  2.  in  pi.,  braces,  usu.  Bertelle. 

3.  straps  for  holding  up  a  baby  learning 
to   walk,   HSU.    Dande ;   hence,   Tenere 
qualcuno  per  le  -e,  to  help  a  schoolboy, 
etc.,  in  his  work.     4.  webbing  of  a  bed 
on  which  the  mattress  is  laid.    5.  Esser 
sulle  -e,  or  Ridotto  sulle  -e,  of  a  horse, 
to  be  ill,  lit.  to  be  slung,  hence  quasi-fig. 
of  a  person,  to  be  in  a  bad  way  either 
physically  or   financially.      6.    in  agri- 
culture, Aratura  a  — ,  ploughing  so  as 
to  land   up  the  ground.     7.  =  Catena, 
iron  truss  rod  for  a  building.    8.  =  Cinta, 
wall  of  a  fortress. 

Cignala  (Cinghiala)  / ;  i.  wild  sow. 
2.  fig.  prostitute. 

Cignal-e  or  Cinghial-e  (Cinghi-are 
or  -aro)  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sanglier<.  bit. 
singularius  <  L.  singularis,  from  the 
fact  that  the  wild  boar  lives  alone); 
i.  wild  boar.  2.  some  species  of  fish. 

Aff.  -etto,  -ino,  -ina  dims.,  -one,  -dna  artgms. 

Cignare  (Cinghiare) ;  to  strap  up. 
Cignata  f. ;  blow  with  a  strap. 

Cignatura  /;  i.  the  tie-rods  of  a 
building,  or  the  placing  the  same.  2.  the 
part  of  a  horse  where  the  girth-strap 
goes. 


CIGNETTINA— CINARA 


Cignettlna/;  dim.  Cigna,  strap. 

Cign-O  (Cecero,  Cecino,  Cicino)  tn. 
(L.  cycnus,  <  Gr.  KVKVOS)  ;  swan,  Cycnus, 
also  termed  Cigno  reale.  Aff.  -e"tto, 
-ettmo  dims. 

Cignblo  lit. ;  small  strap ;  in  pi., 
riding  straps. 

Cigndne  m. ;  i.  atignt.  Cigna.  2.  in 
pi.,  straps  on  which  a  carriage  body  is 
slung. 

Cignu  in. ;  the  Fr.  chignon. 
•Cigola  /;  fish-net. 

Cigol-are  ind.  ci'golo  (of  imit.  origin, 
perhaps  <  L.  sibilare,  corrupted  into 
**  sibolare,  **sivolare,  **sigolare,  cp. 
Golpe  <  Volpe) ;  I.  of  a  waggon,  to 
creak  ;  of  green  wood  burning,  to  hiss ; 
of  the  intestines,  to  rumble.  2.  =Cin- 
guettare,  to  twitter.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -fo. 

*Cigolo,  Cigulo  ;  =  Piccolo,  little. 
•Cigrigna/;  livid  weal. 
*Cilamella/I;  =  CennamelIa,  bun. 
•Cilandra./;  slovenly  girl. 

Cile'cca  or  Scile'cca/  (etym.  unkn.'); 
i\  "sell,"  such  as  holding  out  a  thing  to 
a  child  and  taking  it  away,  or  when  the 
number  drawn  at  the  lottery  is  within 
one  or  two  of  the  number  staked  on, 
etc.  Far  — ,  to  tease. 

*  i.  =  Ciancia,  or  Baia,  joke.     ii.  stratagem. 
*Cilema  »/.  (Gr.  jcTJAT^ia,  magic  charm?);  Stare 

in  — ,  to  stand  about,  to  have  nothing  to  do. 

*  Cilestro  ;  =  Celeste,  blue. 

*  Ciliare  adj. ;  v.  Ciglio. 
Cilicio  w.;  =  Cilizio. 

C  ilieg-eto  m. ;  cherry-orchard,  -etta  /. ;  dim. 
of  -ia. 

Ciliegi-a  (Ciriegia,  Ciregia)  /  (L. 
cerasus,  <  Gr.  nepa<ros,  prob. <  the  same 
root  as  Cornus,  v.  Corniolo) ;  cherry. 
Amico  — ,  scherz.  like  Amico  Cesare, 
a  chaffing  way  of  referring  to  a  person. 
L'  amico  —  mi  voleva  fare  una  burletta, 
our  honest  friend  was  trying  to  play  me 
a  trick. 

*i.  in//.,  morbid  fleshy  excrescence,  ii.  wattles 
of  a  turkey.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  seller  of  -e,  -na 
dim. 

Ciliegine/];  (tot.)  i.  winter-cherry,  Physalis 
Alkekengi,  also  known  as  Chichingero.  2.  —  del 
Capo  di  Buona  Speranza,  Cape  gooseberry,  Physalis 
Peruviana. 

Ciliegio  in.;  (hot.)  i.  cherry-tree.  2.  — canino, 
Cerasus  mahaleb,  noted  for  its  fragrant  flowers, 
3.  —  acquaiolo,  early  or  S.  Julian's  cherry-tree, 
Cerasus  Juliana-  4.  —  racemose,  salvatico,  siivestre 
or  pado,  bird-cherry,  Cerasus  padus.  5.  —  degli 
Ottentotti,  Hottentot  cherry,  Cassine  Maurocenia. 

Ciliegi-ona  augm.  of -a;  -uccia  spreg. 

Ciliegiudlo  in  ;  liquor  made  with  cherries.  As 
adj.,  cherry-coloured. 

*  Cilimonia  /.;  -  Cerimonia. 

tCilinayl;  Essere  in  — ;  i.  of  a  ball,  to  be  just 
on  the  brink  of  a  pocket,  ii.  Jig.  =  Esser  sull'  undici 
once,  to  be  all  but  gone. 

tCilinddmino  or  Cilinddmini  (Cielindomino, 
Cirindpnia,  Ciridonia)  m. ;  donation,  "tip." 
"Cilindraio  m. ;=OroIogiaio,  clock-winder. 

Cilindr-are ;  i,  to  roll.  2.  to  hot  press,  to 
calender.  Aff.  -atura. 

Cilindr-etto  dim.,  -icamente,  -ico;  v.  -o. 

Cilindro  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Cylinder) ;  cylinder.  Secondary  senses : 
tall  hat,  windlass  (its  principal  part 
being  a  cylinder),  barrel-organ,  cylinder 
watch,  roller,  calender  for  hot  pressing. 

Cilfzio  (Cilicio) ;«.;  (orig.  stuff  made 
from  the  hair  of  Cilician  goats) ;  i.  sack- 
cloth. 2.  hair-shirt,  or  belt.  3.  fig. 
tiresome  bore  or  troublesome  job. 

•Ciloma  in. ;=Sciloma,  vain  discussion. 


Cim-a/  (L.  cyma,<Gr.  Kvpa.  Cyma 
was  a  young  sprout  of  a  cabbage,  but  in 
the  Romance  languages  was  taken  as 
the  tip  of  a  growing  stalk,  hence  as 
summit) ;  i.  top.  2.  end  of  a  long 
room.  3.  tip  of  a  branch.  4.  fig.  man 
of  distinguished  ability,  probity,  etc. 
5.  (Avere)  in  —  de'  pensieri,  the  prin- 
cipal object  of  one's  thoughts.  6.  In 
— ,  at  the  edge,  e.g.  of  a  shelf.  7.  Albero 
da  — ,  with  the  top  not  lopped  off. 
8.  Pian  or  Camera  di  — ,  scherz.  for 
the  brain.  9.  (tot.)  cyme. 

*  i.  Andar  per  le  -e,  =  Fantasticare  troppp  sottil- 
mente,  to  give  too  free  play  to  one's  fancy,  ii.  —  del 
latte,  cream. 

Cimabue  in. ;  i.  the  painter.  2.  the  word  is 
now  used  scherz.  for  one  who  thinks  himself  a  marvel, 
Cima,  and  is  a  fool,  Bue,  ox. 

*Cimaiuolo  w.;  =  Comigno!o,  ridge. 

dim-are  (It.  cima) ;  i.  to  shear  cloth, 
clip  it  to  an  even  surface ;  -ato,  (ream  of 
paper)  with  the  margins  of  the  sheets 
cut  to  one  smooth  edge  ;  Bagnato  e 
-ato,  very  shrewd,  v.  Bagnare.  2.  to 
lop  a  tree,  trim  a  shrub.  3.  (mar.)  — 
la  grippia,  to  shorten  the  buoy  rope. 

*i.  to  decapitate,  ii.  -arsi,  to  be  joined,  hence 
fig.  of  the  clouds,  meaning  to  snow  or  to  rain. 

tCimariol  /«.;  {mar.)  —  di  un  ghisso,  peak  brail 
of  a  trysail. 

Cimas-ayC;  (nn7;.)finial.    Aff.  -e"tta,  -mzdims. 
Cimat-a  clipping,  -ina  dim.  of -a,  -atore  cloth 
shearer,  -atura  clipping  or  clippings;  v.  -are. 
*Cimazio  in.  •  =  Cimasa. 
Cimba/  (L.);  (A*/.)  boat. 
Cimbalaria  /. ;     (tot.)    ivy.leaved    toadflax, 
Linaria  cymtalaritj,  also  termed  Cimbaria,  Ciom- 
balina,  Scotonello. 

Cimbalio  m.\  (tot.)  Venus's  navelwort, 
Omphalodes. 

Cimbalo;  v.  Cembalo. 
Cimbaria /;  =  Cimbalaria. 
*Cimbellare;  i.  =Giostrare,  to  fight,     ii.  to  fall. 
•Cimbello  m. ;  dispute. 
Cjmberli;  Esser  in  — ,  =  In  cimbali,  merry. 
Cimbiay^  (mlt.  cytittius,  vault);  {arch.)  curva- 
ture in  a  pillar  towards  the  top  and  bottom. 

Cimbice  _/I;  Citnbex^  a  genus  of  saw-flies, 
Tenthredinidae.  t  =  Cimice,  bug. 

Cimbif6rme ;  (tot.)  boat-shaped. 
*Cimbottolare  (L.  volutarc./req.  tfvolvere,  to 
roll,    whence   involutare,   **invotntolare,    **ex-in- 
vol'tolare,  cimbotto!are)=Tombolare  ;   to  fall  head- 
long.    Aff.  *Cimbottolo  sb. 

Cimbraccola  or  pop.  Cirimbraccola 
f.\  i.  slut.  2.  in//.,  old  clothes. 

Cimbraccolo  m. ;  =  Ciondolo,  Strac- 
cio. 

Cimbraccol-uccia./;  dint.  -a. 
Cimbrico,  Cimrico  or  Chimbrico  ;  Welsh. 
*Cimeliarca  w. ;  sacristan. 

Cim£lio  or  Cimm&lio  ;«.  (L.,<Gr. 
K(ifiri\iov,  that  which  is  stored  up,  < 
Kilfjiai,  to  lie) ;  old  curiosity,  curio. 

Cimentaccio  /«. ;  pegg.  Cimento. 

Ciment-are;  i.  to  risk.  2.  to  put 
(a  person)  to  the  test;  -arsi  con  uno, 
to  pit  oneself  against  him;  -arsi  in,  to 
venture  on,  e.g.  on  going  in  for  an 
examination.  3.  to  assay  (metals  or 
jewels).  4.  to  purify  (gold,  etc.).  Ajf. 
-at6re. 

Cimento  ;«.;  i.  hazardous  trial,  or 
contest;  Essere  a  un  brutto  — ,  to  be 
engaged  in  a  very  hazardous  affair  ; 
Tentare  il  --  dell'  armi,  to  try  the 
hazard  of  arms.  2.  Accademia  del 
Cimento,  the  Florentine  Academy  of 
sciences  in  the  seventeenth  century, 
•v.  infra  (ii). 

*  i.   mixture  of  chemicals  used  in  purifying  metals, 


cp.  Cetnento  (2).   ii.  experiment,    iii.  assay  of  metals. 
iv.  Jig.  temptation. 

Etym.  A  variant  of  Cemento,  q.v.,  the  orig. 
sense  being  that  of  the  chemicals,  v.  supra,  *  i.  The 
transition  of  meaning  from  the  materials  employed 
to  the  use  made  of  them  is  not  difficult,  and  the 
modern  sense  follows  from  this  naturally  enough. 

Cimentdso/;  i.  hazardous.  2.  ven- 
turesome. 

Cimettfna  / ;  sub-dim.  Cima,  tip. 

Cimice/  (L.);  i.  bug.  2.  reddish 
mark  sometimes  seen  on  the  leaves  of 
dried  herbs.  3.  drawing-pin  for  fasten- 
ing the  paper  to  the  board;  in  Lombardy 
it  is  termed  Scarafaggio. 

Cimiciaio  m. ;  buggy  place.     *bug-killer. 

Cimiciaria  /.;  (bot.)  bane-berry,  or  Herb 
Christopher,  a  decoction  from  which  has  been  used 
against  bugs;  v.  Erba(i23). 

Cimiciattola/;;  grape  smelling  like  a  bug,  also 
termed  Volpola. 

Cimiciattolo  »».;  (tat.)  a  species  of  vine,  Vitis 
labrusca. 

Cimicinay:;  dim.  Cimice  (3). 

Cimici-6ne,  -6na  ;  augms.  Cimice. 

Cimicioso  ;  i.  full  of  bugs.  2.  dirty,  t  ill- 
tempered. 

*Cimiciotto  ///.;  =  Marrubio,  horehouml. 

Cimier-e  or  -o  (Cimieri)  m.  (Fr. 
fi»iier,<L.  cyma,  v.  Cima);  i.  crest 
upon  a  helmet.  2.  top  part  of  the 
helmet  itself.  3.  (herald.')  the  arms 
painted  on  the  shield. 

*i.  =Cima,  top.  ii.  a  woman's  hair  built  up  on 
the  top  of  her  head  like  a  crest,  iii.  =Elmetto,  in 
sense  of  soldier  (wearing  a  helmet),  iv.  =  Le  corna, 
cuckold's  horns. 

tCiminaiolo  m. ;  chimney-stack. 

Cimindi  m. ;  a  South  American  hawk,  Cymittdis 
uncinatus. 

tCimineiay!;  =  Camminiera,  chimney. 

t Ciminiera./;  =  Fumaiolo,  funnel. 

*Ciminio  or  Cirnino  ;«. ;  — Comino,  cummin. 

Cimitero  m.  (mlt.,  <  Gr.  Kot^r/rij^toi', 
Koi/jtn<a,  to  lay  to  sleep) ;  cemetery. 
*catacomb. 

Cimmelio;  v.  Cimelio. 

Cimmerio;  Cimmerian,  i.e.  gloomy. 
tCimo  tn. ;  the  part  of  a  mai/e  stalk  which  is  cut 
in  making  the  Dicimatura  or  second  reaping. 

Cimoliteyl;  a  variety  of  fuller's  earth  from  the 
island  of  Cimoli  or  Argentiera,  anciently  called 
CimOlus,  one  of  the  Cyclades. 

Cfmolo  (t  Cimoro)  tn.  ;  i.  young 
shoot  of  a  plant.  2.  heart  of  a  Cesto, 
cabbage  or  lettuce  head. 

Cimone  in.;  the  best  quality  of  rice. 

Cim6sa,  Cimbssa  /  (It.  cima) ; 
i.  edging,  an  inferior  quality  of  stuff 
at  the  edge  of  a  cloth,  to  be  removed 
before  the  cloth  is  used.  2.  ball  made 
therefrom  for  washing  out  writing  from 
slates. 

Cimurro  (tCimurlo)  ;;/.  (Gr.  \v\ios, 
juice,  pea,  to  flow) ;  (vet.)  i.  distemper, 
in  dogs.  2.  glanders,  in  horses.  *Avere 
il  — ,  (pers.)  to  be  queer-tempered. 

Cina/I;  i.  (geogr.)  China.  2.  (bot.')  —  gentile, 
Smila.v  china. 

Cinabrcse  m.\  i.  ruddle,  red  ochre.  2.  red 
chalk  pencil. 

Cinabro  (Cinnabro)  m.  (L.  <Gr.< 
Persian  zinjifraK);  \.  cinnabar,  sulphide 
of  mercury.  2.  fig.  the  red  colour  of  the 
lips ;  Deformarsi  col  proprio  — ,  to  work 
one's  own  damage. 

•Cinamologo and  *  Cinamulgo ;  fabulous  birds. 

Cinanciay^  (Gr.  icvtoi',  dog,  ayxw'  to  b*  suffo- 
cated) ;  disease  causing  the  tongue  to  be  protruded 
to  prevent  suffocation  by  its  swelling. 

Cinanco  m. ;  (bot.)  Montpellier  scammony  and 
other  species  of  CyttattckutM. 

Cinara,/:;  (tot.)  the  artichoke  genus,  Cyuara. 


152 


CINAROCEFALE— CIOCCA 


Cinarocefale/.  pl.\  (hot,}  Cynarocephalae^  the 
artichoke  group  of  Compositae. 

Cinato  adj. ;  prepared  from  smilax. 
t  Cincelle  y]//.;  fairy  legends. 
fCfncera  y;;  =  Cincia,  tit. 

*Cinceri;  In  — ,  fof.  in  comfort,  esf.  of  a 
woman. 

Cinci  m.\  pet  name  for  a  baby,  fbaby's  geni- 
tals. 

Cincia,  Cinciallegra,  Cingallegra 
(Cingallina,  Cintia,  Cinzia)y;  (tmit.)\  tit. 

Species:  i.  —  grossa  or  maggiore,  Continental 
gieat  tit,  Parus  major,  also  termed  Capinera, 
Caponera,  Spernuzzola.  2.  —  piccola,  cerulea,  or 
turchina,  blue  tit,  Parus  caeruleus,  also  termed 
Cinciarella.  3.  —  romagnuola,  mora,  bruna,  or 
minore,  coal  tit,  Pants  ater,  also  termed  Capinera 
piccola,  4.  —  bigia,  cenerina,  or  palustre,  marsh  tit, 
Parus  palustris.  5.  —  col  ciuffo,  orcrestata,  crested 
tit,  Parus  cristatus.  6.  —  codona,  long-tailed  tit, 
Parus  caudatuS)  also  termed  Paglianculo,  Codilungo, 
Codone  capo  bianco,  Codibugnolo,  Codibugnolo  testa 
bianca.  7.  —  coi  mustacchi,  bearded  tit,  Parus 
biartnicus,  also  termed  Basettino,  Mustaccbino,  Co- 
doncino,  Codone,  Cincia  codona. 

*Cincianella_/;;~Frtnguello,  chaffinch. 

Cinciarella  or  CinciapiccolayC;  v.  Cincia  (2). 
*Cinciglio  m.  (L.  cingillum^  dim,  offfagitbtm)', 

1.  a  sort  of  sporran.    ii.  =  Bevone,  drinker.     iii.  =  Ga- 
glioffone,  blockhead. 

Cincillay".  (Spanish  word,  v.  Skeat);  chinchilla, 
a  South  American  rodent,  or  its  fur. 

fCincind-ello  or  -elloro  tn.  (It.  cicindela); 
=  Luminello,  socket  for  a  candle. 

*Cincinno  m.  (L.);  i.  curly  lock  of  hair, 
ii.  beard  of  a  goat. 

*  Cincinpotola/l;  i.  =  Cincia  maggiore,  great  tit. 
ii.  =  Cianciafruscola. 

Cincischiare   or  pop.    Cincistiare 

(Cincistrare)  (**ma 'siculare,  frcq.  of  L. 
inddere,  whence  **incischiare  strength- 
ened into  Cincischiare);  i.  to  gash  as 
by  cutting  with  blunt  scissors  ;  —  le 
parole,  to  clip  one's  words.  2.  intr.  to 
dawdle. 

Cincischlo  m. ;  dawdling. 
Cincisclii6n-e  w.,  -a  / ;  dawdler. 

Cincistiare  (Cincistrare) ;  =  Cincischiare. 
Cinedo  m,  (L.  cinaedus) ;  i.  =  Dnido,  paramour. 

2.  =  Ballerino,  stage  dancer. 

"Cinefare  (L.  cinis>facio)\  to  incinerate. 
Cinefatt6re  tn.\  spade  for  cutting  sods. 
Cinefazi6ne  f.\   burning  sods  to  obtain  ashes 
for  use  as  manure. 

*  Cinelle  ./ //. ;  (wwj.)  =  Piatta,  cymbals. 

Cinematica/  (Gr.);  (math.)  kinetics. 

Cineraria,/;  (bot.)  i.  —  de'giardini,  the  green- 
house plant,  cineraria.  2.  —  campestre,  field  flea- 
wort,  Senecio  camfiestris. 

Cinerario;  cinerary.     *As  sb.,  hair-curler. 

Cinereo ;— Cenerino,  ashy. 

Cinerin-o;  Luce  -a,  the  light  reflected  on  the 
new  moon  from  the  earth. 

*Cinfolare;  of  a  snake,  to  hiss. 

* Cinforniata  f.\  —  Intemerata,  lecture. 

Cingallegra  f.\  =  Cinciallegra,  tit. 
*Cingallina  yC;  =  Cincia,  tit. 

Cfng-ere  (Cignere)  per/,  cinsi,  part. 
cinto  (L.) ;  i.  to  gird,  surround,  em- 
brace. 2.  to  tie  up  (vines).  3.  —  la 
corona,  la  spada,  to  put  these  on ; 
DJ  ogni  valor  porto  cinta  la  corda,  he 
had  the  belt  of  all  excellence  buckled 
about  him,  D.  Purg.  7.  114.  4.  to 
besiege. 

*i.  -ersi  per  Ii  lombi,  to  put  on  the  hair  shirt. 
ii.  —  della  milizia,  to  dub  (a  person)  a  knight. 
Hi.  -ersi,  to  fortify  oneself,  iv.  =  Colpire,  to  smite 
(in  Ariosto).  v.  -erla  a  uno,  to  play  him  a  trick, 
vl.  -ersela^Legarsela  al  dito,  to  bottle  up  an  affront 
with  a  view  to  avenging  it  at  a  future  date. 


Cinghiale  (Cinghiare)  w.;  =  Cignale,  wild  boar. 
*Cinghiare;  =  Cingere.     As  s£.,  v.  Cinghiale. 
*  Cinghiaro  ;  =  Cignale,  wild  boar. 
"Cinghuo  m.  ;=Cerchio,  circle. 
tCingia/.j^Cigna,  strap. 

Cfngolo  (Cingulo)  m.\  i.  belt,  girdle. 
2.  (med.)  shingles. 


Cinguettare  (Cingottare)  (/'#«/.) ;  to 
twitter,  chirp  ;  also  of  a  baby's  first 
efforts  at  talking.  —  una  lingua,  to 
speak  it  very  badly. 

Ajf.  Cinguett-ena,  -iera,  -it-re,  -ino  dim,t  silly 
little  twitterer,  -10,  -one  =Ciarlone. 

Cinic-o  (L.  <  Gr.) ;  i.  cynical.  2.  as  sb.,  cynic. 
Ajf.  -ame'nte. 

*Cinifo  ;//.;  a  sort  of  wild  goat. 
*Cinigiay.  (**cinicius<  L.  ctnis);  smouldering 
ashes. 

Ciniglia  or  Cenfglia/  (Fr.  chenille, 
caterpillar,  <  L.  canicula^  dim.  of  canis, 
from  a  fancied  resemblance  between  the 
head  of  certain  caterpillars  and  that  of 
a  dog,  cp.  the  hop-dog  of  Kentish  hop- 
gardens) ;  chenille,  a  thick  velvety- 
looking  cord  of  silk  or  wool,  and  so 
resembling  a  caterpillar. 

Cinismo  m.  (It.  cinico);  i.  doctrine  of  the 
Cynics.  2.  cynicism. 

Cinnambmo  (Cinamo)  m,  (L.  <  Gr.  <  Hebrew, 
v.    Skeat,   sub   Cinnamon);    i.    the    cinnamon -tree, 
Cinnamomum  Zeylanicum.     2.  cinnamon,  the  bark 
of  the  same,  usu.  Cannella  regina  or  del  Ceilan. 
*Cino  w. ;  (bot.)  dog-rose,  Rosacanina. 

Cinocefalo  »/.  (Gr.  xviav,  Ke^oA^);  i.  the  dog- 
faced  man  of  Egyptian  monuments.  2.  in  //.,  a 
fabulous  race  of  dog-faced  Indians.  3.  the  baboon 
family  of  apes,  Cynocephali. 

*  Cjnocopro  m.  (Gr.);  dog's  dung. 
Cinocrambe  tti.  (Gr.  Kprifj-fir),  cabbage)  ;  (bat.) 

dog's  mercury,  Mercurialis  peremiis. 

Cinogldssa  f.  (Gr.  yAwo-o-a,  tongue);  (hot.) 
hound's-tongue,  a  genus  of  Boraginactae,  Cyno- 
glossnut, 

*Cinolissa/".  (Gr.  Xuo-o-a,  strife);  rabies  in  dogs. 

Cinomorio  nt.  (L.<Gr.  icvvopopiov) ;  (bot.)  the 

so-called  Maltese  fungus,  Cynomorium,  a  genus  of 

Balttnophoraceae,  which  are  parasitic  leafless  plants, 

not  however  botanically  fungi. 

*CinopatiayC;  (med.)  functional  change. 

*Cinoressia  f,\  {tncd^}  voracious  appetite. 

*Cinorrodo  m,  (Gr.  pd$oc);=Rosa  di  macchia, 
dog-rose. 

Cinosuray;  (Gr.  oupa,  tail);  i.  the  constellation 
of  the  Lesser  Bear.  2.  (Jig.")  guide. 

*  Cmquadea  /.\  scherz.  sword. 
Cinquale  nt.  \  scherz.  hand.     *set  of  five. 

*  Cinquannaggine  f.\  spreg.  =  Quinquennio. 
Cinquannale;  recuning  every  five  years. 
Cinquan-s6i  or  -zii;  fifty-six. 
Cinquanta  (L.  quinguaginta,  v.  Venti);  fifty. 

Esser  sui  — ,  to  be  getting  on  for  fifty. 

Cinquantacinque ;  at  Primiera,  the  combina- 
tion of  a  seven,  a  six,  and  an  ace  of  the  same  suit. 

Cinquant-adu£simo,  -atreesimo,  -aseesi- 
mo;  -ottesimo,  and  similar  forms  for  the  other 
ordinal  numbers,  from  $oth  to  6oth. 

Cinquantare;  to  talk  about  fifty!,  i.e.  to 
exaggerate. 

Cinquantesirno ;  fiftieth. 

CinquantinayT;  i.  set  of  fifty.  2.  south  wind 
lasting  for  fifty  days,  in  Egypt. 

Cinquantino  m. ;  i.  pop.  a  half  franc.  2.  a 
variety  of  maize.  3.  commander  of  fifty  men.  4.  as 
(tdj.,  (beans)  coming  up  in  fifty  days. 

Cinquant6ni;  a  variety  of  beans  larger  than 
Cinquantmi. 

Cinque  (L.  qwinqtif,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)\  five. 
Porre  —  e  levar  sei,  to  steal,  lit.  to  lay  down  five 
(fingers)  and  pick  up  six  (five  fingers  and  the  theft). 
A  fuller  form  of  the  phrase  sometimes  occurs  as  in 
the  following : — Costui,  quando  pu6,  fa  cinque 
aiutami  e  sei  non  m'  abbondonare,  this  fellow  steals 
when  he  gets  the  chance. 

Cinque-cdnto ;  five  hundred.  II — , 
the  sixteenth  century.  AJ}.  -centista, 
writer  or  artist  of  that  period,  -cen- 
tesimo. 

Cinque-f6glia  f.  (-foglio  m,)\  (bot.)  i.  - 
strisciante,  creeping  cinquefoll,  Potentilla  reptans. 

2.  —  d'  acqua,  marsh  cinriuefoil^oteHtittafa/ustris. 

3.  —  argentina,  silverweed,  Potentilla  argentea. 

Cinque-mila;  fifty  thousand.    Ajf.  -millesimo. 
Cinquenervi  tn.;  (3o/.)=Piantaggine,  plantain. 
Cinquereme  f. ;    galley   with    five    banks    of 
rowers. 

Cinquina  / ;  i.  stake  on  five 
numbers  at  the  public  lottery,  if.  Lotto. 
2.  at  Tombola,  winning  on  five  num- 
bers placed  on  the  same  horizontal 


row  of  the  Cartella.     3.   a  set  of  five, 
quint.     *a  tax. 

fCinquinare;  to  steal,  v.  Cinque. 

Cinquino  m.  ;  a  Soldo,  five  centesimi.  —  d'  ar- 
gento,  a  five-franc  piece. 

Cinta  (Centa)/  (It.  cingere);  i.  girdle 
of  fortifications  ;  —  di  ferro,  quasi-fig. 
for  a  besieging  army.  2.  —  daziaria, 
customs  line  for  city  dues.  3.  (mar.) 
wale,  plank  along  the  outer  timbers  of 
a  ship's  side;  Capo  —  ,  harping,  the 
fore-part  of  the  wale  surrounding  the 
bow  extensions  of  the  rib-bands  ;  — 
principale,  sheer-strake  ;  Prima  —  , 
main  wale.  *  =  Cinto,  girdle. 

*  Cintia  ;  t>.  Cin/ia. 
*Cintiglio  w.;—  Cintnra,  girdle. 
Cintino  m.;  a  sort  of  skirt  worn  by  priests. 


Cinto  ;  part,   of  Cingere. 
(poet.)  belt,  (surg.}  truss. 


As 


*i.  waist,  ii.  city  wall.  iii.  zone.  iv.  girdle, 
i.e.  halo,  D.  Purg.  29.  78. 

Cfntolayi;  i.  waist.  2.  waist-band; 
Stare  colle  mani  a  —  ,  to  stand  doing 
nothing. 

*i.  Cadere  da  —  il  caleiidario,  to  be  forgetful. 
ii.  Esser  largo  in  —  ,  to  feign  liberality,  iii.  Esser 
stretto  a  —  ,  or  in  cintura,  to  be  avaricious. 

Cintolin-o  ?//.;  dim.  Cintolo.  Avere 
il  —  rosso,  to  be  a  privileged  person  ; 
probably  from  privileges  granted  to 
some  Order,  perhaps  those  given  by 
Cosimo  I  to  the  knights  of  St  Stephen 
who  wore  a  cross  with  a  red  ribbon. 
Stringere  i  -i  a  uno,  to  be  a  matter  of 
great  importance  to  him. 

Cfntolo  m.\  i.  shoe-string,  garter. 
2.  list  of  broadcloth,  strip  along  its  edge 
to  strengthen  it. 

Cintol6ne  ?;/.  ;  carrying  strap  of  a  musket. 
*Cintonchio  m.  ;  =  Centonchio,  chickweed. 
*Cintone/;  mould  (for  pottery),  v.  Centina  (3). 
*  CintorellayC;  =  Ghirlandetta,  garland. 

Cintur-a/;  i.  girdle,  belt;  Largo 
di  —  ,  too  ready  to  give  way  or  to  make 
promises  ;  Stretto  di  —  ,  avaricious. 
2.  waist.  Prov.  Chi  ha  il  neo  sopra 
la  —  ha  gran  ventura,  to  have  a  mole 
on  the  upper  part  of  the  body,  where  it 
can  be  seen,  is  a  sign  of  luck.  3.  —  di 
Nettuno,  (bot.)  sweet  tang,  Laminaria 
saccharina,  a  sea-weed. 

*i.  putting  on  a  girdle,  ii.  Far  del  largo  in  —  , 
to  be  ostentatious  and  yet  avaricious,  iii.  Cristiani 
di  —  ,  Christians  who  practised  baptism  by  fire. 
iv.  (mar.)  =  Cinta,  strake.  Aff.  -etta,  -ma  dims. 

Cinturlno  ;//.  ;  dim.  Cintura,  in 
various  senses,  e.g,  waist-band  of  a 
skirt,  band  of  knee-breeches  for  buck- 
ling at  the  knee,  neck-band  of  a  shirt, 
etc. 

Cintur6ne  «/.;  sword-belt.  *  =  Cinghia,  gun- 
strap. 

Cinzia  (Cintia)  f.  (L.);  i.  Cynthia,  i.e.  the 
moon.  2,  =  Cincia,  tomtit. 

Ci6  (L.  ecce  hoc)  pronoun',  that.  *i.  =  Questi, 
these,  ii.  all;  Gift  pesci  che  nuotano,  all  fishes  that 
swim.  iii.  =Cioe.  iv.  Ci6  fu,  a  sort  of  conjugation 
of  Cioe;  Molte  citta  di  Lombardia  rubellarono,... 
cio  fu  Milano,  Cremona...,  many  of  the  cities  of 
Lombardy  rebelled,  namely  Milan,  Cremona.... 
*Ciobo;  v.  Ciofo. 

tCiocare;  —  la  granda,  =  Cascar  la  bolina  di 
maestra,  v.  Cascare  (5). 

Cibcca  f.  (Germanic,  cp.  E.  shock 
of  corn,  if.  Skeat,  sub  Shock)  ;  i.  bunch. 
2.  end  of  a  branch.  3.  cluster  of  flowers 
on  one  stalk.  4.  lock  of  hair.  5.  Viola 


CIOCCHE— CIRCASSE 


a  ciocche,  or  Violacciocche,  (dot.}  wall- 
flower, Cheiranthus  cheiri. 

*  i.  =  Tralcio,  vine  branch,  ii.  A  — ,  in  great 
quantity;  In  —  ,  altogether;  Riverenze  in  — ,  deep 
curtsey,  tiii.  hollow  stem  of  a  chestnut  tree. 

Ciocche;  forCibche.     *  for  Acciocche. 

Ciocchett-a  dim.,  -fna  sub-dim.,  of  Ciocca. 

Ciocchett-o  dim.,  -ino  sub-dim.,  of  Ciocco. 

Cioccia  / ;  (/am.)  nipple  or  milk. 
La  —  de'  vecchi,  (scherz.)  wine,  t  = 
Ciaccia,  meddler. 

Cioceiare  (either  a  variant  of  Ciuci- 
are,  or  imitative  and  akin  to  Germ. 
zutschen,  to  suck) ;  of  a  baby,  to  suck. 

*—  le  labbra,  =  Biascicar  paternostri,  to  affect 
piety,  tto  nieddle. 

Cidccio;  I.  Avere  i  pi£  ciocci,  (fain.} 
to  have  bad  corns.  2.  quasi-fig.  Gran 
pie  ciocci  che  sei,  what  a  poor  walker 
you  are. 

*Cioccion-e  m.,  -a/;;  =  Ciaccione,  meddler. 

Cibcco  m. ;  log,  block. 

Exact  etym.  dub.  Apparently  <  M.H.G.  schoc, 
cp.  Germ,  Sckock  (which,  however,  means  "heap"), 
E.  chock  (a  wedge  to  keep  a  cask  from  rolling), 

Cioccolata  f.  (Span,  chocolate,  from  a  native 
Mexican  word) ;  chocolate. 

Cioccolatiere  m. ;  chocolate. maker. 

Cioccolatino  m.\  chocolate-drop. 

Cioccolattier-ay!  (*-e  m.);  chocolate-pot. 

Ciocc-olina  dim.,  -6na  augm.,  of  Ciocca. 

Cibcia  /  (A)  (prob.  a  variant  of 
Cioccia) ;  name  for  calling  to  a  she- 
goat 

(B)  in  pi.  (L.  soffus,  buskin,  through 
**socculae,  **so(?lae) ;  shoes  fastened 
by  straps,  such  as  are  worn  by  the 
populace  of  Rome  and  Naples. 

Ciociar-o  ««.,  -a/;  wearer  of  Cioce. 

tCiocieria./;=Leziosaggine,  affectation. 
Ciocin-o  m.,  -ay!;  dim.  vezz.  of  Ciocio, 
Cidcio  m.',  (/am.  scherz.')  pet  name  for  a  baby 
or  woman. 

Cid-cid  m. ;  nursery  name  for  a  horse,  gee-gee. 
Portare  a  cio-cio,  to  carry  (a  child)  on  one's  shoulders. 

Cioe;  that  is  to  say. 
tCiofare  ;  — Sciabordare,  to  shake  up. 

Cibfo  (Ciobo,  Ciolfo)  m. ;  man  who 
scamps  his  work  and  dresses  in  rags. 

Etym.  unkn.  Possibly  akin  to  Germ.  Schuft, 
scamp. 

•Ciolfo;  v.  Ciofo. 

Ci611a;  II  caval  del  — ,  i.e.  person  worn  out 
with  worries,  referring  to  a  prov.  Esser  come  il 
cavallo  del  —  che  avea  cento  guidaleschi  sotto  la 
coda,  horse  all  sores  under  his  tall.  tAs  j£.,  =  Donna 
sciatta,  sloven. 

Ciollabate:  Siamo  al  tempo  del  Ciollabate; 
chi  ha  da  dare  addimanda,  he  who  should  be  giving 
is  asking,  an  expression  used  of  one  who  finds  fault 
with  someone  to  whom  he  has  done  wrong. 

Ciombalfna./;  (£o*.)  =  Cimbalaria,  toad-flax. 
*Ciombolare;  to  drink  to  excess. 
*Ciombolo  w.;  =  Tombolo,  a  tumble. 

Ci6mp-0  m.  (etym.  dub.);  I.  cad; 
orig.  wool-carder,  passing  into  the  mean- 
ing of  cad  because  the  wool-carders  of 
Florence  came  from  the  dregs  of  the 
populace  ;  11  tumulto  dei  -i,  the  out- 
break of  the  wool-combers  in  1378. 
2.  fool ;  Sta  H  com'  un  — ,  he  is  stand- 
ing there  like  a  goose. 

Cioncare  ind.  cionco  (said  to  be 
from  Germ,  schenken,  to  pour);  =  Tra- 
cannare,  to  drink. 

*  i.  =  Troncare,  to  cut  short,  ii.  =  Tagltare,  to 
cut  up. 

tCioncarino  m. ;  pig,  v.  Cionco. 
*Cioncio  m. ;  worthless  fellow. 

Ci6nco  CA)  m.  (It.  cioncare) ;  i.  Fare 
un  — ,  to  include  a  number  of  articles 

H. 


in  one  price  for  the  lot.  As  adj. :  2.  = 
Dinoccolato,  loosely  built.  3.  drunk. 
*maimed. 

t(B)  Cionco  or  Cioncolo  (bit.  suculus,  dim.  of 
sus) ;  pig. 

Cioncone  m.;  in  an  ironworks;  i.  bloom, 
rough  iron  ingot  for  hammering  or  drawing  out. 

2.  slitting  mill  for  cutting  metal  plates  into  strips. 

Ci6ndola  / ;  sloven. 

Ciondolare  ind.  ciondolo  (**ex-un- 
dulare);  i.  to  dangle.  2.  to  stagger. 

*Ciondolini  m.  pi.  ;  =  Orecchini,  earrings. 

Ciondolino  m.  ;  i.  sloven.  2.  = 
Avorniello,  laburnum. 

Cidndolo  m. ;  i.  ear-ring  or  any 
dangling  ornament.  2.  (quasi-fig.)  lover. 

3.  (scherz.)  decoration,  medal. 

Ciondol6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  sloven,  dan- 
gler. As  adv.,  carelessly. 

Cionitey?  (Gr.  ttitav,  pillar,  uvula) ;  inflammation 
of  the  uvula. 

tCionn-o;  slovenly.     Aff.  -uzzo  dim. 
•Ciontay:  (It.  ciotta,  B);=Botta,  blow. 
tCiopatello  m. ;  =  Ceppatello,  the  fungus. 

Ci6pp-a  f. ;  a  sort  of  long  gown. 
Esser  in  — ,  (sckerz.)  to  be  in  one's 
best  dress.  *  =  Cioccia,  breast. 

Aft.  -etta  dim.,  -one  augm. 
*Ciorbottana  f. ;  =  Cerbottana. 
tCiorla/;  =  Ciolla. 

*Ciornia/:;  =  Sbornia,  drunkenness.     t=Calia, 
worn-out  person. 

tCiospo  m. ;  (iron.)  fine  fellow,  v.  Cesto  (A,  2). 

Ci6tol-a/  (of  Germanic  origin;  cogn. 
Span,  chotar,  to  suck,  Germ,  zutschen, 
to  suck,  Swiss  zotteli,  i.q.  Ciotola) ; 
i.  china  or  wooden  bowl  (for  bread 
and  milk,  etc.).  2.  (anat.)  socket  of 
the  hip-joint,  acetabulum. 

Aff.  -ata  bowl  full,  or  blow  with  a  bowl,  -etta, 
-ma,  -ino  dims . ,  -dna,  -one  augms. 

Cidtta  m.  (A) ;  =  Ciaccia.  busybody. 
*(B);  cut  with  a  whip,  v.  Ciottare.    tcow-pat. 
*Ciottare  (Span,  azotare,  <  Arabic  assaut)',  to 
whip. 

*Ciotto    w.;=Ciottolo.    tlarge    dress    swelling 
out  the  figure.     As  adj.,  lame. 
Ciottolare ;~  Acciottolare. 

Ci&ttol-o  m.  (dim.  of  Ciotto,  of  Ger- 
manic origin,  cp.  Germ.  Schutt,  ruins, 
O.H.G.  sciozan,  to  throw,  Germ,  schies- 
sen,  to  shoot) ;  i.  pebble.  2.  any  rough 
piece  of  material,  even  of  wood.  3.  in 
pl.  =  Cocci,  crockery. 

•i.  Lavare  il  capo  co'  -i,  i.e.  con  le  maldicenze. 
ii.  as  adj.,  rough,  unworked  (precious  stone). 

Aff.  -ata  blow  with  a  stone,  -etto  or  -fno  dims., 
-one  augm.,  -<5so  adj. 

Ciott6ne  m. ;  augm.  Ciotta,  busy- 
body. 

t  Ciottoraro  m. ;  seller  of  crockery. 
tCi6ttoro  m.;  i.  =Ciottolo,  pebble,    ii.  sickly 
person. 

*  Ciovetta  f.;  =  Civetta. 

Cipai  m. ;  Sepoy,  native  in  the  British  Indian 
army. 

Ciparisso  m.;  (tot.)  cypress  spurge,  Euphorbia 
cyparisslts. 

tCipe-ca  m.',  worthless  fellow.    Aff.  -chino  dim. 
Cipero  (Cippero)  m. ;  (6ot.)  a  genus  of  sedge, 
Cyperus. 

tCipicchiayl;  =  Gispa,  sore  eyes. 

Cipfgli-0  m.  (L.  supercilium,  pride, 
through  **  surcipilium,  **  cepilium)  ; 
frown.  AJf.  -accio  pegg. 

Cip611a/  (bit.  **cae£ulla,  dim.  of 
L.  caepa,  onion,  root  kwep,  to  reek, 
referring  to  the  smell  of  an  onion,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Vapid)  ;  i.  (hot.)  onion, 
Allium  caepa;  Far  la  — ,  (scherz.)  to 


decapitate.  2.  (scherz.)  watch.  3.  giz- 
zard. 4.  rose  of  a  watering-pot.  5.  bulb 
of  a  lamp,  etc. ;  —  da  stirare,  bulb  for 
ironing  the  crown  of  a  hat.  In  botany : 
6.  —  canina,  or  —  selvatica,  v.  Cipol- 
laccio  (i).  7.  —  marina  or  —  squilla, 
squill,  Scilla  maritima.  8.  —  di  Cata- 
lonia, shallot,  Allium  ascalonicum,  also 
termed  Scalogno. 

Cipollaccio  m.  •  (hot.)  i.  grape  hya- 
cinth, Muscari  comosum.  2.  a  variety 
of  marble. 

Cipollaio  (Cipollaro)  m. ;  i.  onion- 
bed.  2.  onion-seller. 

*Cipollata  f.\  i.  dish  made  of  onions  and 
pounded  gourds,  ii.  piece  of  silliness,  iii.  =Guazza. 
buglio,  medley. 

Cipollato;  (wood)  with  hard  glassy  knots. 
*  arranged  in  layers  like  an  onion. 

CipollaturayC;  hard  glassy  knot  in  wood. 

CipollMta/.;  dim.  CTpolla. 

Cipollinay".;  (bat.)  i.  dim.  Cipolla.  2.  chive, 
Allijimschaenoprasuttt.  3.  shallot,  Alliumascaloni- 
cum. 

Cipolline  f.  •  (bot.)  snow-flake,  Leucoium 
vemum. 

Cipollino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Cipolla.  2.  a 
variety  of  marble,  tin  pi.  (scherz)  the 
hair. 

Cipoll6na/:;  (augm.)  Cipolla. 

Cipoll6n-e  m.',augm.  Cipolla.  Mesi,  or  Tempo 
di  -  i,  the  hot  summer  months  when  families  are  out  of 
town  and  there  is  little  work. 

Cipoll6so;  flaky. 

tCipoll6tto  »r.;  =  Crocchia. 
*Ciporro  m. ;  =  Granctporro,  blunder. 
Cippero;  ».  Cipero. 

CIppete,  Ciappete ;  imitative  words  for  the 
sound  of  scuffling  and  slapping. 

Cippo  m.  (variant  of  Ceppo) ;  sepul- 
chral pillar. 

*i.  boundary  pillar,  ii.  money-box,  v.  *  Ceppo  (v). 
iii.  stake  for  a  palisade. 

Cfprea  f. ;  cowrie,  Cypraea,  a  genus 
of  marine  snails,  whose  shells  are  highly 
valued. 

Cipressa  f.;  a  variety  of  cypress  of  low  growth 
and  not  tapering  to  a  point. 

Cipress-aiayC  or  -6to  »/.;  cypress  plantation. 

Cipresslna/;  (bot)  i.  Lombardy 
poplar,  Populus  fastigiata.  2.  tamarisk, 
Tamarix  gallica. 

Cipressino  m.  ;  dim.  Cipresso. 

Cipress-o  m.  (L.  cupressus,  <  Gr.  KUTrapunrof , 
prob.  of  Semitic  origin,  cp.  Hebrew  gopher) ;  (bot.) 
cypress,  Cupressus  sempervirens.  =Ceppicone. 
Aff.  -one^augm, 

* Cipri;  =  Cipro,  Cyprus. 

Cipria  / ;  toilet-powder. 

Cipride  f.\  a  genus  of  minute  freshwater 
molluscs,  Cypris. 

Ciprignay!;  Venus,    t  =  Cicatrice,  scar. 

Ciprign-o;  i.  acrid,  7'.  Inciprignare.  i.  Stella 
-a,  the  planet  Venus. 

Ciprfnayl;  a  genus  of  molluscs,  Cypritta. 

Ciprf no  m. ',  carp,  Cyprinus. 

Clprio  m.  ;  i.  =  Cipria,  powder. 
2.  foot  of  five  syllables, •~-. 

Cipridtto  adj.  or  sb. ;  Cypriot. 

Cipripedio  m.  (Gr.  Kvirpts,  Venus,  jr«'5iAoc, 
shoe);  (bot.)  a  genus  of  orchids,  Cypripedium,  lady's 
slipper. 

Cipro  m.;  I.  Cyprus.  2.  wine  there 
made.  3.  Polvere  di  —  =  Cipria,  face- 
powder.  4.= Alcana,  alkanet. 

Cipselo  m.  (L.  cyps elus ) ',  =  Rondone,  swift. 
tCipudda  f.;  v.  Scorpena(2). 

Cira ;  v.  Cirra. 

Ciracchio  m.  ;  =  Biracchio,  rag. 
*Ciramella/!;  =  Cennamella,  snawm. 

Circa  (L.);  about. 

Circasse/.;  stuff  made  of  cotton  and  woollen 
threads  crossing. 

20 


'54 


CIRCEA— CITTA 


Circfea/!;  (bat.)  enchanter's  nightshade,  Circaea 
lutetiatta,  or  its  fruit,  a  small  burr. 
Circensi  m.  //.;  circus  shows. 
*Circeo;  v.  Circio. 

Circin-ale  or  -ato;  (bet.)  circinate,  bent  like 
the  head  of  a  crozier,  as  in  the  young  leaf  of  a  fern 
when  it  begins  to  grow. 

*Circino  ?«.  (L.,<Gr.);  i.  pair  of  compasses. 
ii.  perfect  circle. 

*  Circio  or  *  Circeo ;  north-westerly  (wind). 
*Circiuto  m.;  =  Giro  daballo,  turn,  at  a  dance. 

Circo  m.  (L.);  circus. 

Circolar-e;  i.  sb.t  adj.  or  vb.\  as  E.  2.  to 
rotate.  3.  Numero  — ,  number  of  which  the  powers 
terminate  in  the  same  figure  as  the  number.  Aff. 
-mente. 

*Circolatoio  m.\  vessel  in  which  liquid  is  kept 
circulating. 

*  Circo-    or   *Circu-latpre    m. ;    i.    travelling 
quack,     ii.   as  adj.,  circulating. 

Circolazi6ne  f,\  circulation.  Biglietto  di  — , 
tourist  ticket. 

Circol^tto  ;«.;  dim.  Circolo. 

Circolo  m.  (L.);  i.  circle.  2.  party 
given  to  distinguished  guests.  3.  club. 

Circom-  or  Circum-padano ;  of  the 

basin  of  the  Po. 

*  Circom-    or   Circum-pulsione  _/. ;    impulse 
from  all  sides. 

Circon-cidere  Perf.  -cisi,  fart,  -ciso  (L.);  to 
circumcise.  Aff.  -cisione. 

*Circoncingere  (Circuncingere);  to  gird. 

Circond-are  (Circundare)  ind.  cir- 
condo;  conjugated  regularly,  not  like 
Dare,  from  which  it  is  not  derived  (L. 
circumdare^  v.  -dere  infra,  in  loco} ;  i.  to 
surround.  2.  to  place  round.  3.  to  put 
on  (armour).  4.  to  march  round  (a  city). 

*i.  to  travel  about  (a  country,  or  the  sea),  ii.  to 
be  (so  many  feet)  round,  iii.  —  un  processo,  to 
suspend  it ;  —  i  termini,  to  suspend  the  terms  upon 
which  proofs  or  arguments  should  properly  be  ad- 
mitted. 

Ajf.  -abile,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Circondario  m. ;  administrative  dis- 
trict. Tribunale  di  — ,  county  court. 

Circonduzi6ne  (Circunduzione)y: ;  amplifica- 
tion (of  a  speaker's  meaning). 

Circon-ferenza,  -flesso,  -fuso,  -locuzione, 
-navigazi6ne ;  circumference,  circumflex,  etc.,  as  E. 

*  Circonscrivere    (Circumscrivere)  ;    i.  =  Circo- 
scrivere.     ii.    to  describe  by  a  circumlocution. 

*Circonsessione  _/.  \  partial  possession  by  a 
devil. 

Circonvallazi6ne  f.  (L.) ;  ci re um valla t ion. 
Strada  di  — ,  road  going  all  round  a  city. 

Circonvenire  (Circunvenire)  ;  for  conjugation, 
v.  Venire ;  to  circumvent. 

*Circonvenzi6ne_/;;  snare,  trap. 

Circonvicino  (Circunvicino);  circumjacent. 
*CirconvoluzioneyC;  i.  convolution,    ii.  whirl- 
pool. 

Circo-scrivere  (Circunscrivere) ;  i.  to  circum- 
scribe. 2.  to  describe  minutely.  Aff.  -scrizione. 

Circosp-ettam6nte(Circun-spettamente),  -6t- 
to,  -ezi6ne  ;  circumspectly,  etc. 

Circostante  (Circunstante,  Circustante)  m.  \ 
bystander. 

Circostanz-a  (Circunstanza,  Circu- 
stanza,Circustanzia)/.  (L.circumstantia) ; 

1.  circumstance.     2.  Alia  — ,  if  oppor- 
tunity occurs.     3.  surroundings,  neigh- 
bourhood.    Aff.  -iare,  -iatame'nte. 

Circu-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  surround. 

2.  (pers.)  in  bad  sense,  to  get  round. 

*i.  to  cultivate  (a  vineyard),  ii.  to  fix,  to  limit, 
iii.  to  go  round  and  round. 

Circuito  m. ;  i.  circuit,  a.  fig.  —  di  parole, 
circumlocution. 

*Circuitpre  m.;  watchman. 

Circuizione  f.  •  i.  going  round,  making  an 
excursion  round.  2.  —  di  parole,  round-about  speech. 

*  Circulare ;    La  circular  natura,  the  nature  of 
the  spheres,  D.  Par.  8.   127. 

*  Circulat-o ;  La  -a  melodia,  the  circling  melody, 
D.  Par,  23.  109. 

Circumcirca;  thereabouts.  *  Fare  il  — ,  to 
circle  round. 

Circuminsessione  f.  \  (tkeol.)  mutual  in- 
dwelling of  the  three  Persons  of  the  Trinity. 


"Circum-pulsare,  to  control;  *-pulsione,  v. 
Circompulsione ;  *  -scrizione,  perimeter ;  *  -stanza, 
surroundings ;  *  - voluzione,  =  Avvolgimento. 

*Circun-,  *Circus-;  for  words  beginning' thus 
see  corresponding  words  beginning  Circon-  or  Circos-. 

"Ciregia  y.;  =  Ciliegia,  cherry. 

Cireneo  m,  ;  one  who  labours  for  another's 
benefit ;  from  the  name  of  Simon  the  Cyrenian  in 
the  Gospel. 

Ciricl ;«. ;  the  note  of  the  blackcap.  Fare  il  — , 
to  have  a  whispered  dialogue. 

*Ciridonia;  v.  CHindomino;  at  Siena  a  low- 
class  woman  is  termed  ironically  a  Ciridonia. 

*  Ciriegiey;  //. ;  (vet.)  in  horses,  proud  flesh  on  a 
sore. 

*Ciriegio  ;«.;  i.  cherry-tree,  ii.  adj.,  cherry- 
coloured  (horse),  bright  bay. 

*  Ciriegiuolo  ;  i.  cherry-coloured.    As  sb.  ii.  ma- 
raschino-cherry tree,  v.  Amarasco.     Hi.  a  variety  of 
vine. 

Cirilliano  (Cirillico);  Alfabeto— ,  the  alphabet 
invented  by  St  Cyril  (gth  century)  for  the  Slavs. 

Cirimbraccola;  v.  Cimbraccola. 

Cirimonia;  v.  Cerimonia. 

Cirindello   m.  (perhaps  a  fusion  of  Cica  and 
Birindello);  Pop.  for  Brincello,  little  scrap. 
*Cirindone  M. ;  ?>.  Cilindomino. 

*  Ciriuola  / ;  small  eel. 

Cirlo  m.  ;~Zigolo  nero,  cirl  bunting, 
*Cirneo  m.\  Napoleon,  from  Kupco?,  Corsica. 
Giro  m.\  (A)  Cyrus.     t(B)(Gr.  vwpos);  pig- 
Cirra  (Cira)_/I;  Apollo's  peak  on  Parnassus. 

*  Curate;  curled. 
Cirreo;  poetic,  v.  Cirra. 
Cirrifero;  furnished  with  tendrils. 
Cirriforme;  tendril-shaped. 

Cirro  ;;/.  (A)  (L.);  i.  tuft  of  hair, 
curl.  2.  barbel,  the  labial  tentacle 
borne  by  many  fishes,  or  similar  ap- 
pendages in  many  of  the  Annelidae  and 
other  animals.  3.  tendril.  4.  fleecy 
cloud.  5.  in  //.,  the  long  feathers 
belonging  to  the  eyelids  and  descend- 
ing down  the  neck  in  certain  birds. 

(B);  =  Scirro,  scirrhous  tumour. 

Cirr6so;  i. -Cirrifero.     2.  v.  Cirro  (B). 
Cirsio  tn.  ;  (/hot.)  a  genus  of  Compositae  very 
similar  to  thistles,  Ctrcium. 

Cirsocele  tn,  or  f.  (Gr.  ictptro?,  varicosity, 
«»jAij  tumour);  (surf.)  scrotal  varicocele. 

*Cirtidey;  (Gr.  m/pric);  a  kind  of  fishing-net. 

Ciruffi6n-e  »t.t  -a_/I;  person  with  fluffed  out 
hair. 

tCiruglio  w.;  =  Cirumone. 

Cirusco;  short-sighted  or  squinting. 
*Cirus-ia  or  -ica /.;  =  Chirurgia,  surgery. 
*Cisale   or   Cesale   M.  (L.   caedere,   to  cut); 
i.     clipped     hedge.       ii.     grassy    bank    forming    a 
boundary. 

Cisalpin-o  (L.,  <cis,  on  this  side  of,  Alpes,  the 
Alps);    Cisalpine.     La  -a,  the  Cisalpine  republic  of 
1797.     I  -i,  the  soldiers  of  the  same. 
tCiscaro  m. ;  favoured  lover. 

Cischero;  squinting  or  short-sighted. 
+  Tempo  — ,  cloudy. 

Ciscranna  /  (aphaeresis  of  Arcis- 
cranna  <  Area  +  Scranna,  cp.  Cassa- 
panca) ;  i.  arm-chair.  2.  seat-locker 
with  moveable  back.  3.  spreg.  piece 
of  lumber.  4.  pop.  worn-out  old  woman. 

*Ciscranno  «/.;  bookcase. 
'Cisello  w.;  =  Cesello,  chisel. 
*Cisio»f.  (L.);  gig. 

Cisldnga (Fr.  chaise-longue) ;  folding 
chair. 

"Cisma  f.  (It.  scisma);  i.  schism.  2,  bad 
temper. 

*Cisme/;  (bot.)  =  Cassia. 
Cisoiatay^;  cut  with  a  pair  of  scissors. 

Cis6ie  ///.;  =  Cesoie,  scissors. 

Cisoi-ne/  pl.\dim.  of -e.  -6ne/>/.;  tailor's 
scissors. 

Cisolfaut  (Cissolfaut,  Cesolfaut);  the  musical 
note  Do,  C  of  the  German  notation. 

Cispa/!  (etym.  unkn.)\  I.  rheum  in 
the  eyes.  2.  pop.  blear-eyed  person. 
*(fig>}  loss,  damage. 

Cispadano;  (A)  living  on  this  side  of  the  Po. 
(B)  blear-eyed. 


*  Cispardo;  =  Cisposo,  blear-eyed. 

Cisp-ellino,  blear-eyed  ;  -osita  /, 
blearedness  or  dirtiness  ;  -6so,  blear- 
eyed  ;  v.  Cispa. 

tCispro;  =  Vispolo,  vivacious  (eyes). 

*  Cispuglio  »/.;  =  Cespuglio,  clump  of  shrubs. 

Cisrenano  ;  living  on  this  side  of  the  Rhine. 

Cissa  f. ;  a  genus  of  Indian  birds  like  jays. 

Cissampelo  m.\  (bot.)  a  genus  of  plants  in- 
cluding the  velvet-leaf,  Cissampeliis  Parcira,  from 
which  the  drug  named  Pareira  brava  is  obtained. 

Cisso  m.;  (bot.}  a  genus  of  plants  like  vines. 
Czssus, 

Cissdide^I  (Gr.  itio-o-eis,  ivy);  (tftat/t.)  cissoid, 
a  curve  of  the  third  degree. 

Cissolfaut;  v.  Cisolfaut. 

Cista  f.\  i.  at  the  game  of  Maccao,  ten. 
2.  (archaeol.)  a  sort  of  chest,  esp.  that  used  at  the 
Eleusinian  mysteries. 

Ciste,  Cisti,  or  Cistide/(Gr.  KUO-TC?,  bladder); 

1.  (wed.)  cyst     2.  (aneit.)  bladder. 

Cistercense;  the  name  of  that  Order  of  Bene- 
dictines which  was  founded  in  1098  by  St  Robert  at 
Citeaux  (L.  Cistercium)  in  Burgundy. 

Cistern -a  f.  (L.);  cistern.  Aff.  -etta,  -ma, 
-mo  dims.,  -one  augnt. 

Cisti ;  z>.  Ciste. 

Cistiberino;  on  this  side  of  the  Tiber. 

Cistico;  cystic. 

Cistife'Ilea  f.  (Gr.  m/ims  and  L.  fel)\  gall- 
bladder. 

Cistio  or  Cisto  in. ;  (bot.)  rock-rose,  Cistw. 
*Cistulay:  (L.);=Cestello,  small  chest. 
*Cita/;=Zita,  girl. 

Citabile;  quotable. 

Citante  m. ;  (leg.)  plaintiff. 

Citare  (L.,freq.  of  cieo,  to  rouse,  cp. 
Gr.  K/O),  to  go);  i.  (leg.)  to  summons. 

2.  to  quote. 

"Citaredia  f.\  music  by  hand  and  voice  com- 
bined. 

*  Citaredico ;  (music)  of  voices  in  concert. 
Citar-edo,  -ista  m. ;  singer  to,  or  player  on  the 

guitar. 

*  Citareggiare;   i.    to  play  the  guitar,      ii.    to 
write  lyrics. 

*Citar-i;  ?>.  Cidari.     *-ino;  v.  Chitarrino. 
*Citaristica  f.;   i.   art  of  playing  the  guitar. 
ii.    lyric  poetry. 

*  Citaristico  ;  relating  to  a  guitar  or  to  a  player 
upon  any  instrument. 

"Citarizzare;  i.q.  Citareggiare  (i). 
*Citar-odia,  *-odo;  v.  Citar-edia,  -edo. 
'Citarrino  >«.;  =  Chitarrino,  small  guitar. 

Citato  ;«. ;  (leg.)  i.  defendant.  2.  person 
served  with  a  subpoena. 

Cit-at6re  plaintiff,  -at6rio,  -azioncella  (dim. 
of  -azione),  -azidne  ;  -v.  Citare. 
*Citello  m. ;  dim.  Citto. 

*  Citer-a/;  ;=  Cetra,  zither.    *  -atore  =  Ceteratore. 
Citerfeay:;  (poet.)  Cvtherea,  Venus. 
Citeri6re;  (geogr.)  hither,  on  this  side. 
Citerizzat6re  m.\  player  on  the  zither. 

*Citerna_/:;  =  Cisterna. 

Citlno  M.  ;  i.  (bot.)  Cytinus  hypocistis^  a  para- 
sitic plant  growing  chiefly  on  the  roots  of  Cistus 
monspflietisis.  2.  =  Scitino.  3.  pomegranate-flower. 
Cftiso m.;(t>ot.) i.  laburnum,  Cytisus laburnum, 
also  termed  Laburno,  Maiella,  Maggio  ciondolo, 
Maio,  Ebano  falso,  Ciondolino,  Spruzzolo,  Abprni- 
ello,  Borniello,  Avornio,  Avornello,  Avorniello. 
2.  —  delle  Indie,  the  pigeon  pea  of  the  West  Indies, 
Caj'anus  Indicus.  3.  —  arboreo,  orMedica  arborea, 
tree  medick,  Medicago  arboreat  the  cytisus  of 
Virgil. 

tCitol-ayC;  i.  baby  girl.  ii.  in  //.,  =  Rosolacci, 
poppies,  *  -o ;  v.  Cittolo.  , 

*Citr-acca;=Cetracca.  *-aggine;  =  Cedronella 
balm. 

*Citrangol-a  f. ;  =  Melangola,  bitter  orange, 
-o  w.;  =  Cedro,  bitter  orange  tree. 

*Citrariayi;  =  Cedrina,  lemon-scented  verbena. 
Citrato  m.\  citrate. 

*Citrebon  m, ;  an  aromatic  oil. 

*Citriata  f. ;  orange  marmalade. 

*Citri  m. ;  =  Arzigogolo,  whim. 

Citr-iccio  »/.;  distillate  from  citric  acid,  -ico, 
citric. 

Citrinellay:;  =  yenturone,  citril  finch. 

*  Citrin-ezza  or  -itayC;  yellowness. 
Citrine;   yellow.    As  sb.t  a  kind  of  precious 

stone. 

•Citriolo  >H. ;  =  Cetriolo,  cucumber. 

Citrull-p  m.  (variant  of  Cetriolo);  blockhead. 

Aff.  -accio  Pegg.,  -aggine  sb.,  -eria  i.q.  -aggine, 
-mo  or  -ina  dims.,  -one  attgm. 

Cittk  (Cittade,  Cittate)/  (L.  civittu, 
«V/V,f.Skeat,i«*City,Hind,no.  2);  city. 


CITTA— CLAVA 


155 


*  Citta  ./;  =  Zittella,  girl. 

Cittad-fclla/;  citadel.  Aff.  -6tta 
dim.  vezz.  of  Citta ;  -fna  f.  of  -ino  ; 
-iname  spreg.^  city  rabble ;  -inanza, 
i.  citizens  as  a  whole,  2.  citizenship; 
*-iantico,  freedom  of  the  city ;  -indllo 
dim.  vezz.  or  iron,  of -ino ;  -inescam&ite 
adv. ;  -in£sco  adj. ;  *-inezzato,  dweller 
in  the  country  who  has  made  himself  a 
citizen ;  -ino,  citizen,  or  as  adj.,  belong- 
ing to  the  city ;  -<5na  or  -6ne  augm. ; 
-uccia  or  Cittauccia  dim.  spreg. 

*  Cittarina  /. ;  i.   dim.  Citta.    ii.   dim.  Citta, 
girl. 

Citta- uccia  (-uzza)yl;  =  Cittaduccia,  paltry  city. 

•Citt-ello  or  -ino;  dims.  Citto,  boy. 

tCittow.  (v.  Zittello);  i.  boy.     ii.  centesimo. 

*Citto-la  dim.  Citta,  girl,  *-lello  dim.  Citto, 
•-lesco  childish,  *-letto  dim.  Cittolo,  *-lezza 
childishness,  *-lina  dim.  Citta,  girl,  *-lo  dim. 
Citto,  t-ne  augnt.  Citto. 

Ciuc-a/;  she-ass.  Ajf.  -a.cc\o  pegg., 
-aggine  s6.,  -aio  donkey-driver,  -arello 
dim.  v'ezz.,  -ata,  i.  donkey-ride,  2.  action 
worthy  of  a  donkey ;  v.  Ciuco. 

Ciuccay^;  pop.  for  Sbornia,  drunkenness. 
tCiuccetta  f.\  dim.  Ciuccia. 
tCiticcia/;;  i.  =Cuffia,  cap.     ii.  =  Poppa,  breast. 

Ciucciare;  pop.  for  Succiare,  to  suck. 

Ciuccio  m. ;  scherz.  for  Ciuco. 
tCiucco  in.  ;  =  Giucco,  fool. 

Ciuch-ertllo  m.,  i.q.  -etto,  -eria/  = 
Ciucaggine,  -6&CO  asinine,  -6tta,f.  dim. 
vezz.  of  Ciuca,  -ettlno  m.  dim.  vezz.  of 
-etto,  -6tto  m.  dim.  vezz.  of  Ciuco,  -ino 
m.  or  -fna  f.  dims. ;  v.  Ciuco. 

*  Ciuciare ;  =  Far  la  ciuciata,  to  hiss  or  whistle 
(in  disapproval). 

Ciuciata  /  ;  hissing,  whistling. 
CiUC-O  in.  (etym.  nnkn.);  donkey. 

AJf.  -onaccio  auffm.  pfgg.,  -one,  -ona  augms. 

*  Ciuffagno  ;  clever  in  seizing. 
Ciuffare  ;  =  Acciuffare,  to  seize. 
C  iu  fret  t  i  no  m. ;  sub.dim.  Ciuffo. 

Ciuff6tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Ciuffo.  2.  a 
heron,  v.  Sgarza  (2). 

Ciuffo  m. ;  i.  tuft  of  hair,  top-knot, 
forelock;  Prender  la  fortuna  per  il  — , 
to  take  fortune  by  the  hair,  i.e.  to  be 
fortunate.  2.  tuft  of  grass,  bunch  of 
ribbons,  tuft  of  feathers  on  a  bird's 
head,  mane  of  a  lion. 

Etym.  From  a  Germanic  stem  tup  or  ciuft  cp. 
Germ.  Zopf,  plait  of  hair  or  top  of  a  tree,  E.  top, 
tuft,  Fr.  tovptt,  forelock,  touffc,  tuft.  The  primary 
meaning  seems  to  have  been  that  of  a  tuft  at  the 
top,  which  in  English  split  into  the  two  words  "top" 
and  "tuft,"  whilst  in  most  languages  the  split  (lid  not 
proceed  so  far ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Top,  Tuft. 

*  Ciuffole  /  pi.  ;  =  Bale,  trifles. 

*  Ciuffolo  m. ;  i.  pad  placed  on  a  child's  head  to 
protect  it  in  case  of  a  fall.     ii.    robin's  cushion  on 
dog-roses,  v.  Bedeguar. 

Ciuffolbtto  (Cifolotto)  m. ;  i.  bull- 
finch, Pyrrhnla  vulgaris,  also  termed 
Becotto,  Cifolotto,  Fringuello  marino, 
Monachino.  2.  --  delle  pinete  or  — 
enucleatore,  =  Cardinale,  pine  gross- 
beak. 

Ciuffonaccio  m.\  pegg.  Ciuflfone. 
Ciuff6ne  m.;   i.  augm.  Ciuffo.     2.  person  with 
long  untidy  hair. 

Ciuino  tii. ;  -  PorcelHno  d'  India,  guinea-pig, 
Cavia  cobaya.  The  Italian,  like  the  English  name, 
is  no  doubt  a  corruption  of  Guiana. 

Cju-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  squeak,  as  a  guinea-pig. 
*Ciulla/!;  for  Fanciulla,  girl. 
tCiulli  m.;   Bam  bin  del  — ,  big  boy  still  passing 
with  his  parents  as  a  small  one. 

*CiuIlo  m.  \  for  Fanciullo,  boy.  As  adj.t  it 
occurs  in  the  two  opposite  senses  of  sharp  and 
stupid,  and  in  the  sense  of  sharp  may  have  a 


different  origin  from  the  j&,  perhaps  from  Span. 
chuloj  clever,  from  Arabic  ckaul,  as  suggested  by 
KGrting. 

Ciurlare  (prob.  Germanic,  cp.  E. 
twirl,  q.v.  in  Skeat) ;  to  shift.  -  nel 
manico,  to  be  shifty,  of  an  unreliable 
disposition.  *to  be  merry  from  wine. 

Ciurletto  m.  ;  =  Gambecchio,  little  stint  (bird). 
*Ciurlo;   i.  drunk,     ii.    —  di  una  cosa,   madly 
devoted  to  it.     As  j£. :  in.   twirl,     iv.  =Chiurlo. 

Ciurlone  »/, ;  sideways  blow  with  the  fist  by 
swinging  the  arm  round,  v.  Ciurlp  (iii). 

*  Ciurlottello  in. ;  a  shore  species  of  curlew. 
*Ciurlottino  m. ;  a  woodland  species  of  curlew, 

Ciurldtto  m.\  blow  of  the  sanie  kind  as,  but 
less  severe  than,  Ciurlone.  *a  species  of  curlew. 

Ciurma  /  (L.  celeusma,  <  Gr.  KC- 
Xfvo-/xa,  the  call  of  the  master  to  the 
rowers  of  a  galley,  cp.  Span,  chusma, 
Fr.  chiourme,  set  of  convicts) ;  crew, 
properly,  crew  of  a  galley  or  ship. 

*  i.  =Ciurmeria.     ii.    —  scapola,  the  rowers  of  a 
galley  who  were  not  chained  to  the  oars.     iii.  con- 
fused crowd  of  armed  men. 

*Ciurmadore  m.\  v.  Ciurmare. 
Ciurmaglia/^;  crew,  in  contemptuous  sense. 

Ciurm-are;  i.  to  cheat.  2.  to  charm, 
render  secure  by  enchantment ;  £  ciur- 
mato,  he  bears  a  charmed  life. 

*j.  to  charm  against  poisonous  serpents  by  a 
magic  potion.  ii.  —  in  panca,  to  hold  up  to  ridicule. 
iii.  to  provide  the  crew  for  a  galley ;  -arsi,  to  get 
drunk. 

Etym.  Apparently  a  fusion  between  a  form 
**ciarmare  (cogtt,  with  Fr.  chaTjner^<,  charms,  <, 
L.  carmen)  and  **ciurmare  in  the  sense  of  giving 
time  to  the  rowers,  hence  to  hold  people  under  one's 
command.  In  fact,  except  in  sense  (iii),  obviously  a 
direct  derivative  from  Ciurma,  crew,  the  word  seems 
to  be  connected  by  meaning  with  carmen,  and  by 
form  with  Ciurma,  but  the  history  cannot  be  traced. 

Ciunnatdre  m. ;  charlatan,  quack. 
Ciurmeria/;  quackery. 

*Ciuschero  (Span,  chusco,  pleasant);  half-drunk." 
Civada_/^  (fogn.  Fr.  civadiere^  Span,  cebadera ; 
other  cogn.  forms  are  given  in  Littre  but  no  deriva- 
tion); {mar.)  i.  spritsai!.  2.  "whisker,"  the  name 
of  two  iron  bars  projecting  on  each  side  of  the  cat- 
head for  spreading  the  guys,  fspritsail  gaff. 

Civaia  /  (L.  dbarid)\  i.  any  kind 
of  leguminous  vegetable.  2.  sc/terz.food 
generally.  *  vote,  because  originally 
given  by  means  of -a  bean. 

*Civaiata  f.\  sacrifice  composed  of  vegetable 
offerings. 

Civaiblo  m. ;  greengrocer. 

*Civanzayi;  livelihood,  v.  Civanzo. 
*Civanzamento  nt.\  gain,  profit. 
*Civanzare;  to  provide. 

*  Civanzo  m,\  i.  advantage,  savings,     ii.  =  Ciba- 
mento,  conversion  into  food. 

Etym.  Perhaps  akin  to  L.  cibust  food,  z-.  Acci- 
vire,  or <,cib-us -f  (ab)-antiare,  v.  Avanzo. 

Civanzo-paga  /;/.;  {mar.)  claims  against  the 
wages  of  the  crew. 

tCivi-ayt,  -ow.;  sledge  of  wicker-work. 

Civ^tt-a  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  choitette,  Span. 
chova,  Proveng.  caus  or  chaus^  O.H.G. 
chouch,  E.  chough,  prob.  of  imitative 
origin);  i.  little  owl,  Strix  noctua\  — 
capo  grosso,  TengmalnVs  owl,  Slrix 
Tengmalmi\  Andare  a  — ,  to  go  out 
after  small  birds  with  an  owl,  v.  Acci- 
vettare  ;  Parer  preso  a  — ,  to  look  a 
poor  creature ;  Occhi  di  — ,  light  yellow 
eyes,  or  scherz.  gold  coins.  2.  coquette. 
3.  Far  — ,  =  Far  cecca,  to  duck  the 
head,  •v.  Cecca  (2).  4.  Mangiare  or 
Fare  come  le  -e,  to  gulp  down  one's 
food.  5.  Far  come  la  — ,  tutto  rnio,  to 
monopolise  everything;  In  quella  casa 
il  fratello  maggiore  ha  fatto  come  la  — , 
tutto  mio,  that  is  a  house  where  the 


eldest  brother  has  taken  everything  and 
left  nothing  for  anybody  else. 

*i.  Far  — ,  to  make  low  bows.    ii.  Toccar  a  — , 
(a)  to  thrash  severely,  (£)  to  ridicule. 
Civettaccia/;  pegg.  Civetta. 
Civett-are;  i.  i.q.  Andare  a  civetta,  v.  Civetta 
(i).     2.  to  flirt. 

*i.  to  ridicule,  make  game  of.  ii.  to  entice. 
iii,  =  Spiare,  to  spy  out. 

Civetterla  / ;  coquettishness. 
Civettescam&ite  ;  coquettishly. 
Civett-lna  / ;  dim.  of  -a.    -Ino  m. ; 

1.  young  owl.    2.  young  dandy,    -lo  ///.; 
coquettish  tricks,    -ismo  m.;  dandyism. 
-61a  /;    flirt.     -6na  /;  augm.  of  -a. 
-6ne   m. ;     I.    coxcomb.     2.  =  Gufo   di 
palude,  short-eared  owl.     3.   a  species 
of  insect,     -uccia  f.;   dim.  of  -a. 

Clvico  (L.);  civic,  municipal. 

Civil-e(L.);  civil,  civilised.  — condizione,  good 
status  in  society.  Coraggio  — ,  moral  courage.  Aff. 
-ino  dim.  vezz.,  -ita  =  Civilta,  -iziare,  -izzatdre,  -izza- 
trice,  -iizazione. 

*  Civilian  f,\    i.    iron,    for  drain,   open  sewer, 
ii.  motion  of  the  bowels;  Non  mancare  la  — ,  =  Far- 
sela  addosso,  to  mess  one's  clothes. 

Civilmente;  civilly. 

Ciyiltk/;  i.  civility, good  manners. 

2.  civilisation. 

*L  =Cittadinanza,  citizenship,  ii.  civil  rights  of 
a  community,  iii.  civil  status  of  a  family. 

*  Civire  (cogn.  old  Fr.  chevir,  to  complete,  <  bit. 
capum,  head);  to  provide  with  necessaries. 

*  Civismo   ;«.;    spreg.   pseudo-patriotism,   sham 
public  spirit. 

*  Civo  m.  ;  =  Cibo,  food. 
*Civre-a,  *-o;  v.  Cibrea,  -o. 
*Cizza/;  =  Zizza,  teat. 

*  Clabulare  ;«.;  &.  Clavulare. 
Claddnia^;  a  genus  of  lichens  including  the 

reindeer  moss. 

Clamidey:  (Gr.  vAa/nu?);  cloak. 

Clamidiay;;  (hot)  NewZealand  flax,  Phormium 
tenax. 

Clam6r-e  ;w.  (L.);  clamour.  AJ}.  -osam^nte, 
-6so. 

Clandesti'na  f. ;  (bot.)  tooth-wort,  Lathraea 
squamaria. 

Clandestin-o,  -am6nte  (L.);  as  E. 
*Clangere  (L.)  ;  to  sound  the  trumpet. 
"Claretto  m.\  \.  claret,     ii.  (inns)  clarionet. 

Clarinetto  or  Clarino  ;«.;  clarionet;  the  word 
was  coined  <  L.  clarus  when  the  instrument  was 
invented,  about  1700,  by  G.  Denner  at  Nuremberg. 
Aff.  Clarinettista. 

Class-are;  to  class.     Aft.  -azione. 

Classe /  (L.) ;  class.     *fleet. 

Classiario  m.\  in  pi.,  marines  of  the  ancient 
Roman  fleets. 

Classic-amente,  -ismo,  -ista,  -o ;  classi- 
cally, etc. 

Classific-abile,  -are,  -azi6ne ;  classifiable, 
etc. 

Clatro  m.\  a  genus  of  beautiful  but  stinking 
funguses,  Clathrus. 

*Claudere;  =  Chiudere,  to  shut. 

Claudia  ;  Susina  — ,  greengage,  the 
fruit  of  the  Prunus  italica  ;  the  name 
is  from  the  wife  of  Francis  I,  king  of 
France,  in  whose  time  the  tree  was 
introduced  into  France ;  hence  the  Fr. 
name  for  the  fruit,  reine-claude. 

*Claudicare  ;  =  Zoppicare,  to  limp. 

Ctaudicazi6ne  /.";  (leg.)  one-sided  obligation. 
*Claudiesco;  Claudian. 

Claudio(A);  v.  Claudia.    (B)(L.);  limping. 

Clausol-a  (Clausula)/  (L.);  i.  pro- 
viso. 2.  close  of  a  sentence.  3.  paren- 
thesis. Aff*  -dtta  dim. 

Claustrale ;  monasterial. 

Claustro  m. ;  =  Chiostro,  cloister. 
*any  closed  space. 

•Clausula;  v.  Clausola. 

Clausiira/;  I.  seclusion.  2.  pro- 
hibition of  access. 

Clava  f.  (L.  clava,  club  or  scion, 
20 — 2 


156 


CLAVADURA— COCCINIGLIA 


graft  ;  from  a  root  da,  to  break  or 
bend,  cp.  Gr.  icXafior,  branch);  I.  club, 
2.  scherz.  nosegay.  *vine  cutting  for 
transplanting. 

*Clavadura/;  =  Inchiodatura,  nailing  in. 
Clav4ria  f.  ;  a  genus  of  fungi,  mostly  edible. 

*  Clavicembalo     m.;  —  Gravicembalo,    harpsi- 
chord. 

Clavicol-a/?  (L.  clat'icula,  lit.  a  small  key); 
clavicle,  collar-bone,      "title  of  a  book  on  magic 
supposed  to  be  by  Solomon.     Aff.  -are.  . 
*Clavicordio  m.  ;  a  kind  of  harpsichord. 

*  Clavigero  ;  i.  club  bearing,    ii.  key  bearing. 
•Clavo   m.   (L.);   i.    nail.      ii.  =  Timone,    tiller. 

iii.  Lato  —  ,  the  laticlave  of  a  Roman  senator. 
iv.  —  stretto,  two  similar  stripes  on  the  tunic  of  a 
Roman  knight,  v.  (svrg.)  callus,  corn,  esp.  in  the 
eye.  vi.  a  disease  of  olive-trees. 

Clefta  m.  (Gr.)  ;  klepht,  Greek  brigand. 

Clematide  f.  (Gr.  «Ai)j»aTis);  traveller's  joy, 
Clematis  vitalba. 

Clement-e(L.);  mild.     Aff.  -entente. 

Clementin-o;  Costituzioni  -e,  ordinances  of 
Clement  V  in  the  year  1313. 

Clemenza/!;  clemency. 

Cleric-ale  clerical,  -ato  nt.  ;  Holy  Orders. 


m.,  no  pi.  (L.,  <Gr.   icAfjpor, 
lot,  v.   Skeat,  sub  Clerk);   clergy. 
secolare,  the  priests.      -  regolare,  the 
monks.     *As  adj.  =  Chiaro,  clear. 

Clerodendro  m.  ;  (M.)  a  genus  of  tropical 
trees,  Clerodendron. 

*Clesiay:;=Chiesa,  church. 

Clessidray;  (L.,<Gr.);  clepsydra,  water-clock. 

Cletra  f.  (Gr.  «Ajj0pa,  alder);  a  genus  of 
shrubs,  Cletkra. 

Client-e  in.  (L.);  client.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Clientela/:;  i.  clients.     2.  patronage. 

Clima  m.  (Gr.  xXt'/ia,  slope,  i.e.  slope 
of  a  locality  to  the  plane  of  the  equator); 
i.  climate.  2.  zone.  3.  boundary-line 
between  different  zones. 


Climat6ric-o(Gr. 

K\tp.aKTf)p,  rung  of  a  ladder  or  metaph. 
a  dangerous  point  in  a  man's  life,  a 
climacteric,  imagined  to  occur  at  every 
seventh  year);  climacterial.  Anno  —  , 
every  seventh  year.  11  gran  —  ,  the 
grand  climacteric,  the  sixty-third  year. 
Giorno,  Mattinata,  Serata  -a,  day, 
morning,  etc.,  of  critical  changes.  Sta- 
gione  -a,  dangerous  season.  Similarly, 
when  one  feels  disquieted  and  nervous, 
Oggi  e  una  giornata  -a,  this  is  an  un- 
lucky sort  of  day  for  me. 

Climeno  m.  ;  (bot.)  =  Pisello  delle  siepi,  ever- 
lasting pea. 

Clinanto  ni.  ;  (hot.')  clinanthium,  receptacle  of 
composite  flowers. 

Clinic-ay^  (Gr.);  clinic,  practical  teaching  of 
medicine  at  the  bedside.  Aff.  -amente,  -o. 

Clinopddio  nt.  ;  (hot.)  wild  basil,  Calaminthti 
clinopodiwm. 

Clipeo  m.  (L.  clypeus);  large,  oval  shield  of 
the  Greek  or  Roman  soldier. 

Clipeola/7;  (bot.)  Alyssum  ntaritimum. 

Clisopompay?;  injection  apparatus. 

Clistere  or  pop.  Cristere  m.  (Gr);  clyster, 
injection. 

Clivo  or  Clivio  m.  (L.)  ;  hill. 

Cliziay;  (L.  **clilia,<Gr.  KAtVu,  to  slope); 
=  Girasole,  sunflower. 

Cloaca/  (L.);  sewer. 

C16nico  (Gr.  xAoyos,  agitation)  ;  agitated. 

Cloray!  (Gr.  xAwpos,  greenish);  (bot.)  yellow- 
wort,  Cfiloraperfoliata. 

Cloradilla  /.  ;  -  Cetracca. 

Cloralio  m.\  (fhem.)  chloral. 

Clor-ato  chlorate,  -ico  chloric,  -ido  chloride, 
-idrato  hydrochlorate,  -idrico  hydrochloric,  muri- 
atic, -ito  chloride. 

Cloro  m.  ;  (chem.)  chlorine. 

Clorofilla/;  (M.)  chlorophyll. 

Clorofdrm-io  tn.  ;  (chew.)  chloroform.  Aff. 
•izzare. 

Cloruro  m.  ;  (client.)  chloride. 

Club  or  Clubbe  w.;  =  Circolo,  club. 


Cluniacense;  of  the  Order  founded  at  Cluny 
in  France  in  the  tenth  century. 

Cnico  m.\  (hot.)  Cnicus,  a  thistle-like  genus  of 
Compositae. 

Cnidio  ?«.;  (tot.)  Daphne  gnidium, 
Co'    contr.    for    Coi ;    with    the.      *i.  =  Come, 
ii.  =  Capo. 

Coabit-are  ind.  coabito;  to  cohabit.  Afi. 
-azione. 

Coaccusato  m.\  fellow-prisoner. 
Coacerv-are  (It.  acervo);  to  heap  up.     As  sb.t 
total.     Aff".  -azione. 

Coadesione/;  cohesion. 
Coadiutor-a'to,  -e,  -ia  (i.q.  -ato);  coadjutor- 
ship,  etc. 

Coadiuvare  ind.  coadifivo;  to  assist. 
Coadunare  ind.  coaduno;  to  conjoin. 
Coagul-abile,  -are,  -ativo,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 
Coagulo  m.\    i.—Caglio,  rennet.     2.    curds  of 
milk.     3.  =  Coagulazkme. 

Coalizioney?;  coalition. 
Coarmat6re  m.;  (mar.)  part-owner. 
Coart-are  (L.,  v.  Arto);    i.    to  coerce.     2.    to 
compress,  to  contract.    D.  Par.  12.  126.    3.  Negativa 
-ata,  (leg.)  proof  of  an  alibi.     Aff.  -azione. 
Coattivo;  coercive,  by  threats. 
Coatto  (L.  coactus)\  forced  (domicile),  where  a 
suspected  person  is  compelled  to  reside.     Aff.  Co- 
azione. 

Cobalto  m.  (a  German  nickname  given  by  the 
miners  to  the  metal,  because  considered  poisonous, 
from  Kobold,  demon);  cobalt. 

*Cobbpla,  *Cobola,  *  Cobla,  *  Coppola  (L. 
copula,  pair);  a  certain  kind  of  Provencal  poetry. 

Cobea  f. ;  (bot.)  Cobaea  scandens,  v.  Chic- 
chera  (3). 

Cobio,  Cobite  m. ;  i.  —  barbatello,  loach, 
Cobitis  barbatula,  locally  termed  Strega,  Forapiere, 
Forasassi,  Forasecchi.  2.  —  fiuviale  o  spinosa, 
thorny  loach,  Cobitis  elongata,  locally  termed  Ca- 
gnola,  Pesseta,  Pessucola,  Usellina,  Rivella,  Curi- 
nedda.  3.  black  goby,  v.  Ghiozzo  (4). 
*  Cobla;  v.  Cobola. 

C6bra  f.   (Portuguese    word    for    snake,  <  L. 
coluber ;  v.  Colubro);  =  Vipera  dagli  occhiali,  cobra. 
C6ca/.  (A);  v.  Cuoca. 

(B)  (bot.)  coca,  a  Peruvian  tree,  Erythroxylon 
coca,  or  the  liquid  extract  therefrom. 

Cocainay!;  cocaine,  the  alkaloid  of  coca. 
Cocal  m. ;    i.    black-headed  gull,  Larus  ridi- 
bundus.      2.    —  cenerino    piccolo,    kittiwake    gull, 
Larus  tridactyltts. 

G6cca  /  (A)  (frob.  of  Celtic  origin, 
since  similar  words  meaning  "notch  of 
an  arrow"  occur  in  Gaelic,  Welsh,  and 
Low  Breton,  -v.  Littr^,  sub  Coche,  no.  4, 
Skeat,  sub  Cog);  I.  notch  in  the  arrow 
for  a  cross-bow.  2.  flap,  turned  up 
corner  of  a  handkerchief,  apron,  or 
the  like.  3.  (mar.}  —  in  un  cavo,  kink. 

*i.  Venir  in  — ,  (a)  to  be  opportune;  (b)  to  get 
angry,  ii.  meton.  (a)  arrow ;  (b)  bow-string ;  (c)  bow  ; 
SI  dileguo  come  da  corda  — ,  he  darted  off  like  an 
arrow  from  the  bow,  D.  Inf.  17.  136;  Se  ben  volasse 
piu  che  stral  da  — ,  though  flying  like  arrow  from 
the  bow,  Ariosto,  Orl.  Fur.  20,.  64.  iii.  in  layering 
vines,  a  notched  tool  for  holding  the  heel  of  a  layer 
while  being  fixed,  iv.  the  part  of  a  sling  which 
held  the  stone,  v.  top  of  a  mountain  ;  In  — ,  on  the 
top;  In  —  in  — ,  =  In  cima  in  cima,  to  its  very  con- 
clusion ;  Sponda  che  '1  terren  della  via  sostiene  in  — , 
a  bank  the  top  of  which  supports  the  roadway. 

*(B)  (corn.  Span,  coca,  old  Fr.  coque,  boat,  E. 
cock  in  cockboat  and  coxswain,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Cock,  no.  5);  i.  boat.  ii.  navy,  as  in  Ital.  Bible, 
i  Kings  9.  36. 


pe. 
-berth. 


i  (A)  (L.  COfCUm  =  Gl.  KOKKOS, 
berry) ;  bead  or  button  at  either  end  of 
a  spindle  or  a  knot  made  for  the  same 
purpose,  •viz.  to  prevent  the  thread  flying 
off  the  spindle  when  it  is  spun. 

*  i.  Far  le  cocche,  to  snap  the  fingers,  ii.  E  fatta 
la  —  al  fuso,  the  spindle  knot  is  made,  i.e.  every- 
thing is  ready.  A  similar  phrase  is  E  fatto  il  becco 
all'  oca.  iii.  =  Cocco,  cochineal. 

(B)  (/  of  a  lost  form  **cocco  =  Fr. 
coq,  of  imitative  origin);  i.  hen.  2.  vezz. 
for  baby;  Ecco  la  mi'  — ,  here  is  my 
little  chick. 

*(C)  (variant  of  Coccia);  mother-of-pearl. 

Coccarda  /.  (Fr.  cocarde,  i.e.  coq, 
cock,  referring  to  its  crest,  with  suffix, 


v.  -ardo  supra,  in  loco);    i.   cockade. 
2.  plait  of  ribbons  of  national  colours. 

*Coccare;  i.  =  Accoccare,  to  string  an  arrow. 
ii.  =  Burlare,  to  ridicule. 

Coccerello  m.  ;  dim.  Coccio,  piece  of  crockery. 
As  adj.,  sickly. 

•Coccerina/T;  a  variety  of  white  gra 
Coccettayl;  i.q.  Cuccetta,  sleeping- 

C6cche  m.,  or  Carbon  —  ;  coke. 

Cocchetta  /  ;  dim.  of  Cocca  (A,  2)  or  of 
C&cca  (B). 

Cocchiatayl;  i.  excursion  of  serenaders  in  a 
carriage  at  night.  2.  the  music  sung  by  them. 

Cocchiere  m.  ;  coachman.  Fare  il 
—  ,  of  a  shop-assistant,  to  rob,  //'/.  to  go 
to  the  coachman's  box,  Cassetta,  which 
also  means  the  till  of  a  shop. 

•Cocchiglia  f.;  i.  =  Conchiglia,  conch  shell. 
ii.  button  on  a  knife  handle. 

*Cocchina/T;  (mar.)  i.  spare  sail.  ii.  sprit  of 
a  spritsail.  iii.  a  kind  of  country-dance. 

•Cocchino  or  Cochino  m.;  Cocchin  pagliardo, 
the  Fr.  coquin  paillard,  cheat. 

Cbcchio  m.  (of  Hungarian  origin,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Coach,  and  Lime", 
sub  Coche,  2);  coach.  II  palio  dei 
cocchi,  or  absol.  1  cocchi,  the  carriage- 
races  at  Florence  formerly  held  on  St 
John's  Eve,  June  23. 

*i.  Andare  in  —  con  uno,  to  be  his  equal. 
ii.  Tirare  or  Toccare  innanzi  il  —  ,  to  whip  up  the 
horses. 

•Cocchiumare;  i.  to  plug.    ii.  to  trick. 
Cocchiumat6io  m.  ;  bung-borer. 

Cocchiume  ;«.  (for  Corchiume,  < 
Span,  corcho,  cork,  <  L.  cortex,  bark)  ; 
i.  bung.  2.  bung-hole. 

C6ccia/  (L.  concha,  through  **con- 
chea);  i.  hilt,  guard  of  a  sword.  2.  or- 
namentation on  the  butt  of  a  pistol. 
3.  bowl  of  a  pipe.  4.  shell  of  a  tortoise 
or  mollusc.  5.  (»wr.)  =  Rete  da  stra- 
scico,  trawl-net. 

*i.  pustule,  ii.  cranium,  iii.  (bat.)  bark.  iv.  (mar.) 
iron  sheathing  fitted  round  the  inside  of  a  loop  of 
rope,  cp.  Radancia.  v.  =  Bozzolo,  cocoon. 

Cocciaccio  m.',  pegg.  Coccio. 

Cocciaia_/  ;  crockery-seller,  'coach- 
house. 

Cocciaiow/.;  i.  potter.  2.  crockery- 
seller. 

Cocciare  ;  to  be  fond  of  standing  by 
the  fire,  v.  Coccino. 

Cbccige  m.  (Gr.);  (anat.)  coccyx. 
Coccigero  ;  (tree)  with  cochineal  insects. 
Coccmcina  /;  (bot.)Cinnamomum  cvlilawan, 
which  yields  the     clove  bark"  of  India. 

Coccin&lla  /  (bit.,  v.  Cocciniglia)  ; 
lady-bird  (beetle),  Coccinella.  It  has 
various  familiar  names  :  Bestia  di  Dio, 
Vacca  di  Dio,  Bestia  della  Vergine, 
Bestiolina  della  Madonna,  Pecorella 
della  Madonna,  etc. 

Coccinell-o  m.  ;  (mar.)  toggle,  -i  dei  mezzi, 
buntline-toggles. 

Coccineo;  purple. 

Cocciniglia  /  (Span.  cochinilla,< 
mlt.  coccinella,  <  L.  coccinus,  scarlet,  < 
coccum,  the  "berry"  of  the  scarlet  oak, 
really  the  product  of  the  cochineal 
kermes  insect,<Gr.  KOKKOS,  berry;  the 
Spaniards  gave  the  name  to  the  similar 
dye  yielded  by  the  Mexican  insect  it- 
self); i.  cochineal  insect,  Coccus  cacti. 
2.  cochineal,  made  of  the  dried  bodies 
of  the  insects. 


COCCINO— CODA 


157 


Coccfn-o  m.\  i.  dim.  Coccio.  2.  sick- 
ly, delicate  person.  3.  —  or  -a./.,  chilly 
person,  always  wishing  to  be  warmer. 
*  scarlet  cloth. 

Cdccio  m.  (L.  concha,  through  con- 
cheus,**cocceus);  i.  potsherd.  2.  cracked 
pot.  3.  =  Scaldino,  chafing-dish.  4.  in 
pi.,  crockery  or  scAerz.  =  Sto\ig\\e,  table 
utensils  generally.  5.  delicate,  sickly 
person.  6.  Pigliare  i  cocci,  to  lose  one's 
temper,  cp,  E.  to  smash  the  crockery ; 
Lascia  andare  i  cocci,  don't  get  out  of 
temper.  7.  shell  of  a  mollusc.  8.  outer 
covering  of  a  seed,  t  i.  star-gazer  fish, 
^|.  Uranoscopo.  ii.  v.  Capone  (5,  e). 

Coccibla,  Cocciu61a  /  (dim.  Coccia, 
pustule);  i.  pimple  from  a  nettle-sting, 
gnat-bite,  etc.  2.  blister,  in  paint  or 
whitewash. 

tCdcciola/I ;  sche rz.  =  Coccola,  head. 

Cocci6n-e  m.,-a,f.;  I.  person  fond 
of  the  fire.  2.  quick-tempered  person. 

tC6ccioro  m.;  i.  =  Coccio.    ii.  =  Bocco. 
Cocciut-accio /<•££-.,  -agginey:;  v.  -o. 

Cocciuto  m.  (It.  coccia,  head);  pig- 
headed. 

Cbcco  m.  (A)  (L.  coccuin,  "berry," 
v.  supra,  sub  Cocciniglia) ;  i.  kermes, 
a  sort  of  red  dye.  2.  —  malefico,  a 
poisonous  fungus  with  a  red  top,  Agari- 
cus  muscarins.  t  fungus  generally. 

(B)  (Span,  or  Portug.  coco,  bugbear, 
from  the  three  marks  like  a  grotesque 
face  at  the  end  of  a  cocoanut) ;  cocoa- 
palm,  or  its  fruit. 

(C)  (bit.  coccus,  cock,  from  the  Ger- 
manic imitative  stem  kit,  v.  supra,  etym. 
of  C6cca,  hen,  the  name  being  trans- 
ferred from  the  bird  to  its  mate's  egg) ; 
nursery  term  for  (i)  egg,  (2)  "baby. 

*(D)  As/tar/.,  =  Coccato. 

Coccodc,  Coccore  (Coccobe)  m.  (imit.);  Far 
— ,  of  a  hen.  to  cluck  after  laying  its  egg. 

tCoccodrilla  /:;  =  Scrilla,  an  old  child's  game. 
Coccodrillo  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  crocodile. 

C6ccol-a  /  (bit.  coccu/a,  dim.  of 
coccus  =  Gr.  KOKKOS);  I.  pip,  berry.  2.  a 
species  of  pepper-wort,  v.  Erba  (131). 
3.  -e  di  Levante,  moon-seed,  the  fruit  of 
Menispermum  cocculus,  so  called  from 
their  crescent  shape.  4.  scherz.  head. 

*  i.  =  Grana,  cochineal,  ii.  olive,  iii.  tCoglierle 
-e,  to  be  wool-gathering  (inattentive),  iv.  in //..trifles, 
v.  capricious  wish.  vi.  blow ;  Uccellare  a  -e,  to 
behave  so  as  to  be  likely  to  receive  blows. 

Coccolarsi  ind.  mi  coccolo ;  to  enjoy 
oneself. 

Coccole'tta  f.;  dim.  Coccola. 

Coccol-ina  /  ;  i.  dim.  Coccola. 
2.  -ina/,  -ino  m.;  nice  healthy-looking 
child.  tTosse  — ,  whooping-cough. 

Coccolin-o  ;  v.  -a  (2). 

Cbccolo  m.  (It.  cocco,  C);  i.  delicious 
treat ;  Stare  a  — ,  i.q.  Coccolarsi,  to  en- 
joy oneself.  2.  fat  baby.  3.  =  Conchig- 
lia,  shell. 

Coccol6ne  m. ;  i.  pop.  for  Colpo 
d'  apoplessia,  apoplectic  stroke.  2.  = 
Croccolone,  the  great  snipe.  3.  as  adv., 
=  Coccoloni. 

Coccoloni  (It.  accoccolare) ;  squat- 
ting. 


*Cocconcello  m. ;  dim.  Coccone. 

*  Coccone  m. ;   i.    a  sort  of  wad  made  of  wood 
used   in  a  mortar  for  throwing  stones,     ii.    stopper 
on  the  mouth  of  a  mortar  when  not  in  use.     iii.    a 
straw  wad  used  in  a  cannon,    tiv.  bung  of  a  cask. 

tCocconera  /;  bung  borer,  v.  Coccone  (iv). 

*  Cocconetto  rrt.;  at  cards,  a  variety  of  Tresette. 
tC6ccora  f. ;  (hot.)  a  fungus,  v.  Cocco  (A,  2) 

and  Ovolo. 

Coccore ;  v.  Coccode. 

tCoccoro  m. ;  baby,  v.  Cocco  (C). 

*CoccoveggiayC;  =  Civetta,  owl. 

•Coccoveggiare  or  Cuccuveggiare  ;  i.  to 
flirt.  ii.  =  Canzonare,  to  deride,  iii.  =Cinguettare, 
to  twitter. 

Coc&nte  ;  burning,  pungent. 

C6cere  or  Cudcere  ind.  cocio  or 
cubcio  coci  c6ce  cociamo  cocdte  cuo- 
ciono,  fut.  cocerb,  sitbj.  cu6ca,  perf. 
cbssi  coce'sti  cosse  cocemmo  coce'ste 
cossero,  part.  c6tto  or  in  Jig.  use 
cociuto  (L.  coquere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cook) ; 

1.  to  cook.     2.  fig.  to  torment.     3.  of  a 
burn,  to  smart.     4.  Farla  bollire  e  mal 
— ,  v.  Bollire. 

Part,  cotto:  5.  baked,  cooked.  In 
fig.  sense  and  with  the  auxiliary  Avere, 
Cociuto  is  employed ;  Gli  ha  cociuto 
d'  esser  piantata  cosi,  she  felt  his  deser- 
tion of  her  dreadfully.  6.  Acqua  cotta, 
(pharm.)  distillate.  7.  Terra  cotta, 
(a)  earthenware,  (i>)  artistic  terracotta. 
8.  Carbone  cotto,  charcoal.  9.  Calce 
cotta,  quicklime.  10.  Seta  cotta, 
(a)  silk  taken  from  cocoons  which  have 
been  rinsed  in  hot  water,  (£)  silk  that 
has  been  thoroughly  washed  and  pre- 
pared and  is  ready  for  dyeing.  1 1.  Vetro 
cotto,  molten  glass.  12.  Cotto,  drunk  ; 
Cotto  come  un  tegolo,  perfectly  drunk. 
13.  Innamorato  cotto,  head  over  ears 
in  love.  14.  Non  aver  visto  qualche- 
duno  ne  cotto  ne  crude,  to  have  seen 
nothing  of  him  whatever.  1 5.  Cascare 
com'  una  pera  cotta,  to  fall  as  easily  as 
an  over-ripe  pear.  16.  Ben  cotto,  v. 
Concocere  (2). 

*i.     to   cauterise,      ii.  =  Concocere,    to    digest, 
iii.    Un  cotto  di  ballotti,  di  patate,  ecc.,  as  much 
chestnuts,  potatoes,  etc.,  as  can   be  boiled  at   one 
time ;   Un  cotto  di  colla,  a  pot  of  glue. 
tCochiay.  ;  =  Coccia,  trawl-net. 
•Cochiglia  or  Cochilla./;  v.  Conchiglia. 
*Cochino;  v.  Cocchino. 

Cociculo  m. ;  (f>ot.)  biting  stone-crop,  Sedvm 
acre. 

Cocilide  in.',  a  genus  of  moths,  Cochylis. 
*Cocimento  w. ;  i.  roasting,  ii.  burn.  iii.  itching, 
iv.  digestion. 

*Cocinayl;  =  Cucina,  kitchen. 
Cocincina;  (geogr.)  Cochinchina. 

Cocidre   (Cuociore)    m.  ;     i.     burn. 

2.  prickly  heat. 

Cocfto  w.(L.,<Gr.  ic  OKVTOS,  wailing); 
Cocytus,  the  river  of  Hell ;  in  Dante,  a 
marsh  formed  by  this  world's  tears. 

*  Cocitoio ;  =  Cottoio. 

Cocit6re  ;«.;  fireman-assistant  in  a  salt-works, 
a  bakery,  or  charcoal-making. 

Cocitura  / ;  cooking,  baking,  etc. 

*i.  digestion,  ii.  water  in  which  things  have 
been  cooked,  iii.  the  article  cooked,  iv.  =  Scotta- 
tura,  burn. 

Cociucchiare ;  to  cook  roughly. 

Cociuto ;  fart.  Cocere. 

C6clea_/  (L.  cochlea,  snail);  i.  (rtnat.)  cochlea 
of  the  internal  ear.  2.  —  d'  Archimede,  Archi- 
medean screw. 

Coclearia  /  (L.  cochltar,  a  sort  of  spoon); 
(bot.)  scurvy-grass,  Cochlearia  officinalis. 

Cocleario  m. ;  ancient  Roman  snail-pit. 

Cocleato;  (tot.)  cochleate,  spirally  twisted. 


C6c-0  or  Cu6c-0  m.,  -a/  (L.  coquus) ; 
cook,  v.  Cuciniere. 

*Cococcp  fit.;  cochineal,  f.  Cocco. 

Cocodrillo  m. ;  (bot.)  globe-thistle,  Eckittops, 
also  termed  Cardo  pallottolino,  Capotondo. 
*  Cocoi ;  Parlar  coi  — ,  to  speak  gutturally. 
*Cocoia;  excl.  of  admiration. 

Coc611a  (Cuculla)  /  (L.  cucullus, 
orig.  a  cone  of  paper,  further  etym. 
dub.');  i.  cowl.  2.  (dot.)  a  fungus, 
Agaricus  cocolla. 

Cbcoma  /  ;  tea  or  coffee-pot,  kettle, 
v.  Cuccuma. 

tCoc6mbaro  ;«.;  =  Cocomero. 

Cocomer-aio  m.  ;  i.  melon-bed. 
2.  melon-seller,  -ata  /. ;  blow  with  a 
melon.  -<)tto  or  -ino  m.  dims,  of  -o. 

Cocdmero  (Cogomero,  Cucumero)  m. 
(L.  cucumeretri) ;  i.  water-melon,  Cucur- 
bita  citrullus,  also  termed  Anguria, 
Pastecca ;  Aver  le  scarpe  solate  di 
bucce  di  — ,  to  wear  shoes  soled  with 
melon-rind,  i.e.  to  be  in  danger  of  fall- 
ing, esp.  fig.  of  courtiers;  Non  saper 
tenere  un  —  all'  erta,  i.e.  unable  to  keep 
a  secret ;  Cacciare  un  —  in  corpo  a 
uno,  i.e.  to  put  a  flea  in  his  ear.  2.  - 
salvatico  or  asinino,  squirting  cucumber, 
Momordica  elateritim.  3.  fig.  blockhead. 

*  =  Affanno,   distress,  a   metaphor  from  the   dis- 
tension caused  by  eating  water-melon. 
Cocomerone  m. ;  augm.  Cocomero. 
Cocomeruzzo  m.;  round-headed  saddler's  nail. 
Cocrdmici  w.  pi. ;  African  truffles. 

Cocuzza  (Cucuzza)  /  (contr.  of  bit. 
**cucurbitutia,  dim.  of  L.  cucurbiia)  ; 
i.=Zucca,  gourd.  2.  scherz.  head;  Far 
la  — ,  to  behead.  Cocuzze!  excl.  of 
astonishment. 

Cocuzzollno  »i.  ;  dim.  Cocuzzolo, 
top  of  a  baby's  cap. 

Cocuzzolo  m. ;  i.  crown  of  the  head. 
2.  top  of  a  mountain  peak.  3.  crown 
of  a  hat.  4.  bag  of  a  fishing  or  fowling 
net. 

C6d-a  f.  (L.);  i.  tail,  pig-tail;  at  a 
ticket-office,  queue  ;  in  music,  dying 
fall,  Germ.  Schlusssalz.  2.  —  di  rondine, 
(a)  swallow-tail  butterfly,  (b)  dove-tail 
(joint).  3.  =  Codino,  a  reactionary  ; 
Son  -e  numero  uno,  they  are  reaction- 
aries of  the  purest  water  ;  Ha  una  - 
lunga  lunga,  tre,  sette  braccia,  i.e.  he 
is  a  regular  old  Tory.  4.  (com.}  =  M- 
lunga  (2),  allonge  to  a  bill.  5.  E  —  ! 
or  Colla  — !  or  Senza  la  — !  excls.  when 
something  has  been  half  left  out  in  the 
telling,  meaning  Give  us  the  rest. 

Phrases :  6.  Metterci  —  e  coma, 
to  use  every  exertion.  7.  Avere  corta 
— ,  of  a  lie,  to  have  a  short  currency. 
8.  Far  la  — ,  to  make  an  insulting 
gesture  by  placing  a  hand  on  the 
hollow  of  the  other  elbow  and  raising 
the  arm.  9.  —  del  grappolo,  the  stalk. 
10.  Trovare  una  lucertola  a  due  -e,  to 
find  a  two-tailed  lizard,  i.e.  make  a 
lucky  find.  n.  —  dell'  occhio,  corner 
of  the  eye.  12.  Aver  la  —  di  paglia, 
i.e.  to  have  a  bad  conscience;  Chi  ha 
la  —  di  paglia  ha  sempre  paura  che  gli 
pigli  fuoco.  1 3.  Pianoforte  a  — ,  "grand  " 


158 

piano.  14.  Avere  il  prezzo  sulla  — ,  of 
fat  beasts,  to  have  a  fixed  price.  1 5.  Far 
—  romana,  (a)  a  boy's  game,  each  boy 
holding  the  clothes  of  one  running  in 
front  of  him,  (b)  fig.  to  ridicule.  16.  — 
del  sonetto,  the  three  lines  added  to  the 
proper  fourteen  of  the  sonnet,  viz.  one 
line  of  seven  and  two  of  eleven  syllables. 
17.  —  della  tavola,  foot  of  the  table,  as 
opposed  to  head.  18.  -e  di  topo,  a  sort 
of  cigarette  made  on  the  upper  Ticino. 

19.  (bot.)  (a)  —  di  cavallo,  (a)  hornwort,  Cera- 
tophyllum  demissum,  also  known  as  Fertro  or  Coda 
di  volpe,  ((3)  —  di  cavallo  campestre,  cornfield  horse- 
tail, Eqnisetnm  arvenst,  also  known  as  Setoline, 
(y)  —  di  cavallo  comune,  mare's-tail,  Hippuris 
vnlgaris;  (£)  —  equiria,. rough  horse-tail,  Equisetum 
hyemale,  also  known  as  Asprella,  Rasperella,  Pal- 
perello ;  (c)  —  di  leone,  Phlotnis,  a  genus  of  Labiatae ; 
(d)  —  di  lepre,  (a)  hare's-tail  grass,  Lugurns  ovatus, 
also  termed  Pennine,  (0)  annual  beard-grass,  Poly- 
t  Monspeliensis,  (e)  —  di  lucertola,  small  lizard's 


CODACCIA— COGLIERE 


)  —  di  sorcio,  least  mouse-tail,  Myosurus  minimus ; 
(f)  —  di  topo,  Timothy  grass,  v.  Erba  (153);  (J)  — 
di  volpe,  (a)  hornwort,  v.  supra,  —  di  cavallo,  (0) 
purple  cow-wheat,  Melampyrum  arvensc,  also  termed 
Fiamma  de'  campi ;  (*)  -e  rosse,  prince's  feathers, 
Amaranthus  hypocltondriacus,  also  termed  Ama- 
ranto  da  fascette  or  Spergola  d'  India. 

*i.  Aver  la  —  lunga  piii  del  grado,  to  make  a 
display  beyond  one's  means,  ii.  Aver  nelle  -e,  to 
dislike,  iii.  Aver  la  —  taccata  di  mal  pelo,  to  re- 
member the  affronts  one  has  received. 

Codaccia/1/c.Kf.  Coda. 

Codagapala  /;  bark  of  Neriiim  antidysen- 
terjcum. 

Coda-lancea_/?;  =  Codone,  pintail  duck. 

Codard-amente  adv.,  -!a /.;  !'.  -o. 

Codardo  (L.  coda,  with  Germanic 
suffix  -ardo,  v.  -ardo  supra,  in  loco,  so 
that  the  lit.  meaning  is  fond  of  being 
in  the  rear  ranks);  cowardly. 

Codato;  Sonetto  — ,  v.  Coda  (16). 
Codatremola/:;  =  Ballerina,  wagtail. 
Codazzo  in, ;  train  of  attendants  paying  court 
to  some  personage. 

C6de  or  C6dole/>/.;  (&>/.)  love-lies-bleeding, 
A  maranthus  candatus. 
*Codeare;  v.  Codiare. 

Codeina  /.  (Gr.  ic^Seta,  poppy-head);  one  of 
the  alkaloids  of  opium. 

*Coderinzo  in. ;  =  Ccdrione,  bird's  rump. 
*  Coderone  HI.  ;  some  boy's  game. 

Cod^sto  or  Cote'sto  (contr.  either  of 
L.  eccu-tibi-istud  or  eccu-id-istud,  where 
eccu  is  a  variant  of  ecce) ;  this.  —  cap- 
pello,  this  hat  of  yours.  ISr*  Questo 
cappello  would  be  "this  hat  of  mine." 
Questo  would  always  be  translated  this 
and  Quello  would  always  be  that,  whilst 
Codesto  would  sometimes  be  best  ex- 
pressed by  this  and  sometimes  by  that. 

Codetta  f.;  i.  dim.  Coda,  tail. 
2.  cedilla  placed  under  a  Latin  e  to 
show  that  it  is  a  diphthong.  3.  in 
official  or  business  letters,  the  name 
and  titles  of  the  addressee  written  on 
the  left  of  the  first  page.  4.  lash  of  a 
whip.  5.  in  pi.,  (bootm.)  the  two  ex- 
tremities of  the  upper  which  are  sewn 
to  the  Quartiere.  6.  a  disease  of  silk- 
wormSj  or  silkworm  suffering  from  it. 
7.  tailings  of  flour.  8.  =  Ballerina,  wag- 
tail. 9.  (mar.)  warp  attached  from  the 
stern  to  a  kedge-anchor  for  bringing  a 
vessel  broadside  on. 

t  razor-strop. 

*  Codiare  or  Codeare ;  to  shadow,  follow  as  a 
spy. 

Codibianco  «/.;  =  Culbianco,  wheatear. 
Codibugnolo  in.  (It.  Coda,  +  Bugnolo,  straw 


basket);  i.  =Codilungo,  long-tailed  tit,  called  Codi- 
bugnolo from  the  shape  of  its  nest.  2.  —  di  palude, 
=  Pendolino,  mountain  tit. 

•Codicalcay:;  train  of  a  dress. 

C6dic-e  m.  (L.  codex  for  caudex, 
trunk  of  a  tree.  The  Romans  wrote  on 
waxed  wooden  tablets,  and  the  putting  of 
these  together  seems  to  have  suggested 
the  name  of  tree-trunk,  caudex,  for 
them);  i.  code.  2.  codex,  old  manu- 
script ;  —  de'  cento,  one  of  the  copies  of 
the  Divina  Commedia,  so  named  from  a 
copyist  who  made  a  hundred  of  them. 

3.  collection  of  medical  formulae.     Aff. 
-ettfno  sub-dim.,  -e"tto  dim. 

Codicillo  m.  (L.  codidllus,  dim.  of 
codex,  book) ;  i.  codicil.  2.  note,  post- 
script of  any  kind.  3.  waxed  tablet 
anciently  used  instead  of  writing-paper. 

4.  . — t  or  —  onorario,  diploma. 
*Codico  ?«.;  =  Codice. 

Codificarc  ind.  codifico  ;  to  codify. 

Codiglio  in.  ;  at  the  card  game  of  Ombra ; 
codille,  defeat  of  the  player  who  is  Ombra, 

Codilungo  m. ;  long-tailed  tit,  v.  Cincia  (6). 
'•  Codimozzo  ;  with  the  tail  docked. 

Codin-a/;  i.  dim.  Coda.  2.  -e  rosse,  (/w/.) 
garden  persicary,  v.  Persicaria  del  Levante. 

Codino  m. ;  i.  short  thin  tail.  2.  a 
kind  of  chignon  of  false  or  natural  hair 
whether  worn  by  women  or  men.  3.  re- 
actionary, high  Tory.  4.  horse  with 
docked  tail.  5.  —  di  prato,  Timothy 
grass,  v.  Erba  (153). 

Codinzinzolay?;  —  CutrettolaorCutti,  wagtail. 

Codinzolo  in. ;  dim.  vezz.  Codino,  little  tail. 

Codi6ne  m.  ;  =  Codrione,  bird's  rump. 

Codipiede  in.  ;  =  Podura,  spring-tail  insect. 

Codirdsso  m.  ;  i.  redstart,  Kuticilla  phoeni- 
citra,  also  termed  Rossignolo  di  muraglia.  2.  — 
spazzacamino,  blackstart  or  black  redstart,  Ruticilla 
titys,  also  termed  —  moretto,  —  nero  or  —  pancia 
nera,  Moretto.  3.  —  maggiore ;  =  Codirossone. 
4.  ~  Pettazzurro,  bluebreast. 

Codirossone  or  Codirossol6ne  m. ,;  rock- 
thrush,  Hlonticola  saxatilis,  also  termed  Codirosso 
maggiore,  Tordo  sassatile  or  di  rocca,  Merlo  di  mon- 
tagna,  di  sasso,  or  sassatile. 

CoditremolayC;  —  Ballerina,  wagtail. 
*Codognato  m.  ;  =  Cotognato,  quince  jam. 

C6dolay:;  =  Code,  love-lies-bleeding. 

Codoletto  m. ;  bar  of  iron  used  in  horse-shoe 
making. 

Codolinayi;  (oot.)  i.  foxtail  grass,  v.  Erba(i54). 
2.  Timothy  grass,  v.  Erba  (153). 

Cddolo  m. ;  i .  tang,  the  part  of  a 
knife  that  goes  into  the  haft.  2.  the 
corresponding  part  of  a  spoon  or  fork 
that  has  no  separate  haft.  3.  tail  of  a 
violin. 

Coddnay:;  i.  v.  Codone.  2.  red-throated  pipit, 
Acredulii  rosea.  3.  =Cincia  codona,  long-tailed  tit, 
it.  Cincia  (6). 

Codoncino  m. ;  —  Basettino,  .  bearded  tit,  v. 
Cincia  (7). 

Codon-e  in. ;  i.  — ,  or  -a  f.  ',  augm.  Coda. 
2.  =Posolino,  crupper.  3.  (artill.)  tail-piece  of  a 
cannon.  4.  pin-tail  duck,  Anas  acuta,  also  termed 
Coda  lancea,  Germano  marine.  5.  sea-duck  of 
several  kinds,  Fnligula,  v.  Germano.  6.  bearded 
tit,  Pants  biamticits,  f.  Cincia  (7).  7.  (bot.)  a 
species  of  Arenaria. 

Codridne  or  Codidne  m. ;  i.  rump 
of  a  bird.  2.  ((mat.)  coccyx.  3.  scherz. 
rump. 

*Codrizzo  w.;=Codrione. 
Coefficiente  in. ;  as  E. 
Coeguale  ;  coequal.    As  sb.,  peer. 
*Coenzione  f.\  i.  ^Incetta.    ii.  one  of  the  three 
forms  by  which  a  marriage  was  contracted  in  ancient 
Rome. 

Coerci-bile,  -tivo  ;  coercible,  coercive. 

Coer6de  m.  orf.;  co-heir,  co-heiress. 

Coeren-te ;  i.  coherent.  2.  consistent.  Aff. 
-temente,  -za. 

tCoerosse;  v.  Scardola. 
Coesidne/;;  cohesion. 


Coesist-ente,  -enza,  -ere  ;  as  E. 
Coetaneo  ;  contemporary. 
Coetern-ita,  -o  ;  as  E. 
Coevo  ;  coeval. 

Cofaccia/  (metathesis  of  Focaccia); 
bun. 

Cofaccino  m.  ;  biscuit  of  dough 
rolled  out  and  fried,  v.  Covaccino. 

Cofanaio  m.  ;  jewel-case  maker. 

Cofan^tto  m.  ;  dim.  Cofano. 

Cbfano  (Coffano,  Cofino)  m.  (L. 
cophinus,<Gr.  KO^IVOS)  ;  i.  tray  for 
knick-knacks.  2.  jewel-case.  3.  (mar.) 
ammunition  box.  4.  (fortif.}  a  work 
parallel  to  the  "curtain."  5.  —  delle 
caldaie,  boiler  casing.  6.  trunk  fish, 
Ostracion. 

*i.  =Corbello,  basket,     ii.  =  Forziere,  strong  box. 
•Cofaro  >«.;  v.  Cofollo. 

Cbffa  /  (contr.  from  Cofano,  tray)  ; 
(mar.)  \.  tray  for  biscuits.  2.  top, 
platform  round  the  upper  part  of  a 
mast.  3.  cage  on  the  top  of  the  pole 
of  a  beacon  mark. 

*Coffor-etto,  -o  ;  v.  Cofan-etto,  -o. 

*  Cofino  ;  2'.  Cofano. 

*  Cofoggiata   f.  ;  =  Fagotto    nascosto,    hidden 
hoard. 

*  Cofollo  in.  ;  =  Invetriata  di  piombo,  leads  of  a 
window. 

Cofto  or  Copto  ;  Copt,  Egyptian  Christian. 


Cofto  or  Copto  ;  Copt,  Egypt 
*Cogello  m.  ;  —  Cogolo,  pebble. 
*  Coggo  ;  old  ittd.  of  Cogliere. 


ogg  . 

Cogitabondo  ;  meditative. 
*Cogitare  or  Coitare  (L.,<co-t  agitare,  as  it 
were  to  agitate  in  one's  mind)  ;   to  think. 
Cogitativa  f.  ;  thinking  faculty. 
Cogli  ;  contr.  for  Con  gli. 

Cdglia/;  i.  coxcomb,  usu.  Vanesio. 
2.  In  —  ,  in  fine  clothes,  or  of  a  dinner 


sumptuously  served. 

*i.  scrotum,     ii.  flirt. 


Etym.   L.  coleus,  leather  water-bag,  —  Gr.  KoAcos, 
sheath  ;  the  orig.  meaning  was  "  scrotum." 

Cogliarella  /.;  dim.,  a  bit  of  a  dandy. 

Cogliata  f,;    i.    dandyism.     2.    vanity,  rhodo- 
montade. 

*  Cogli-coglino  m. ;  game  of  catch  who  catch 
can. 

Coglieggiare  ind.  coglieggio ;  to  play  the 
dandy. 

Cdgliere  or  C6rre  ind.  colgo  cogli 
coglie  cogliamo  or  colghiamo  coglidte 
colgono,  perf.  colsi  coglidsti,  fitt.  co- 
gliero  or  corro,  part,  colto  (L.  colli- 
gere,  root  leg,  to  collect,  v.  Skeat,.  si4b 
Legend);  i.  to  gather,  to  pluck,  to 
break  off.  2.  to  grasp,  seize.  3.  to 
collect.  4.  to  unite.  5.  fig.  to  com- 
prehend; Ci  colgo,  I  understand.  6.  to 
hit;  —  nel  segno,  to  hit  the  mark.  7.  — 
di  mira,  to  take  aim  at.  8.  to  catch ; 
—  sul  fatto,  to  catch  in  the  act;  - 
F  occasione,  to  take  the  opportunity  ; 
-  una  malattia,  to  catch  a  disease  ; 
Bravo !  tu  mi  ci  hai  colto,  well  done ! 
you  have  caught  me  there.  9.  C6- 
gliersela,  =  Battersela,  to  go  away. 
10.  (mar.)  to  coil;  —  a  drilta,  or  di 
rovescio,  with  or  against  the  sun ;  - 
da  festa,  to  coil  up  round,  one  fake 
over  another;  —  alia  peschereccia,  or 
alia  lunga,  to  coil  in  long  fakes. 

*  i.  Cotela,  or  Coitela  tu,  go  away.  ii.  Co'  quel, 
=  Cogli  quel.  iii.  Co'  mi,  =Coglimi.  iv.  Acqua 
colta  di  piovana,  rain-water,  v.  Vo  a  corre,  I  am 
going  out  to  gather  (chestnuts),  vi.  =Accogliere, 
to  receive,  vii.  =  Riscotere,  to  collect,  vni.  — 
ammo  addosso  ad  uno,  to  take  a  dislike  for  him. 
ix.  —  cagione  ad  alcuno,  =  Incolparlo.  x.  Cor 
I'  agresto,  to  steal,  xi.  Cor  posta,  =  Appostare ; 


Non  ci  puu  corre  posta  ferma,  it  is  not  possible  to 
give  a  decided  opinion,  xii.  —  pruova,  to  try  to 
prove,  xiii.  Colto  al  punto,  completely  taken  in, 
deceived. 

Obsolete  or  local  forms: — i  pres.  ind.  coglio, 
coggo,  3  pres.  ind.  cole,  imperat.  co',  i  perf.  co- 
glietti,  3  per/,  cogliette. 

'Coghetta/;  superfine  wool. 
*Cogliluva  ;//. ;  scherz.  =  Minchionatore,  ban- 
terer. 

•Coglio  >«.;  =  Collo. 

Coglion  -arc  ind.  cogliono,  vulg. ,  to  hoax.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atura. 

Coglioncello  HI.  ;  dim.  Coglione  (2). 

Cogli6ne  m.  (L.  coleus,  **colio,  v.  Coglia) ; 
vulg.  i.  testicle.  2.  wretch,  pillion.  3.  (mar.) 
heel-tenon  of  a  mast,  v.  Maschio  (10,  a). 

Coglionellay:;  vulg.  Mettere  in  — ,  to  make 
no  account  of. 

Coglioneriay:;  vutg.  i.  silliness.  2.  falsehood. 
3.  glaring  mistake. 

*Coglioso(It.  coglia);  delicious. 

Cogli-tdre,  -tura  ;  vitis.  ofCogliere 
*  Cogliuto  ;  i.  =Colto.     ii.  entire  (ram  lamb). 

Cognac  or  Cognacche  m.;  brandy,  Cognac. 

Cognata  f. ;  sister-in-law. 

Cognatfn-o  ;;/.,  -a  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  of 
Cognat-o,  -a. 

*Cognatizio  ;  (relation)  by  marriage. 

Cognato  m.  (L.) ;  brother-in-law. 

Cognazidne  /  ;  relationship  by 
marriage. 

*Cognettura^;  =  Congettura. 
C6gnito;  i.  known.    2.  —  di,  acquainted  with. 
Cogmtore  m.;  a  sort  of  judge. 
Cognizion-e/;  knowledge,  judgment ;  in/*/ 
acquirements.     Fornito  di  -i,  well-informed. 


COGLIETTA— COLLARING 

Colaggio  m. ;  leakage. 

*  Colaggiu,  *  Colaggiuso ;  =  Lagiii,  down  there. 

Col-are  ind.  colo(L.,  <ca/um,  sieve); 

1.  to  strain  (a  liquid),  to  sift  (grain). 

2.  intr.   to   trickle.      3.    to   leak;    Gli 
cola  il  naso,  of  a  person  with  a  cold, 
his   nose   is   running.     Similarly  of   a 
candle,  to  gutter.    4.  to  make  a  casting 
(of  metal).     5.  (mar.)  —  a  fondo,  to  go 
to  the  bottom  ;   —  a  picco,  tr.  to  run 
down  (a  vessel).   6.  Aria  -ata,  v.  Aria  (i). 


ten  barrels,  at  different  epochs,    iii.  a  kind  of  covered 
basket  or  hamper. 

C6gnol-o  m.;  Fare  i  -i,  in  an  alum  works,  to 
make  a  certain  arrangement  of  the  raw  material. 

Cogn6m-e  (L.);  surname.  Saper  nome  e  — 
d  uno,  to  know  all  about  him.  Aff.  -inare. 

Cogolaria  /  (L.  cucullaria,  <cucullus,  hood)- 
a  fishing-net. 

tCogolera/;=Bordighiera,  fish  pen. 

Cogolo  w.;=Ciottolo,  pebble. 
tCogomay:;  Venetian  coffee-pot,  v.  Cuccuma. 

Cogomero  m. ;  =  Cocomero,  water-melon. 

Coguaro  m.  (Fr.  couguar,  coined  by  Buflbn 
from  the  native  Brazilian  name  for  the  animal 
ciignacuara) ;  the  cougar  or  puma 

Coi ;  with  the. 

,,  Coi-accio  pegg.,  -aio  leather-seller,  -ame  lot 
of  leather,  -attolo  scrap  of  leather  ;  V.  Coio. 

Coiben-te  ;  bad  conductor  of  (heat,  etc  ) 
Aff.  -za. 

C6ice/;  (bat.)  Job's  tears,  Coix  lac/irvmn 
•Coiere;  v.  Coglicre. 

Coicria  /. ;  leather  store. 
•CoiettOOT. ;  leather  jerkin. 

Coincid-ere  ind.  coincido,  per/,  coincidei  or 
oincisi  calncidettl  coincide  or  coincidette  coinci- 


Aff".  -ente,  -enza. 

•Coinquinare  (L.);=Lordare,  to  dirty. 

Coin  v61gere  ;  to  involve  together  in  crime. 

Coio  (Coiro)  in.;  =  Cuoio,  leather 
*  Coitare  ;  =  Cogitare,  to  think. 
•Coitela;  v.  *  Cogliere  (i). 

Coito  m.  (L.);  i.  copulation.  2.  (astr.)  con- 
junction. 

•Coitoso;  thoughtful. 

*Coiuccio  in.;  a  sort  of  pudding-stone. 

Col;  with  the,  v.  Lo.     'for  co  I=comc  il. 

Col-a/,  -o  m.  (L.  colum)  ;  i.  strainer, 
usu.  Calza.  2.  sieve.  3.  filter.  *short 
for  Niccola. 

Cola  (L.  ecco  iliac)  adv.;  there. 
Cosl  —  ,  so  so,  middling. 

Colabrinay:;  (M.)  good  king  Henry,  C/u,w- 
podium  tonus  Henncui,  also  termed  Buon  Enrico 
>ipinaccio  salvatico,  Buona  dama. 

Colabr6do  m.  ;  strainer  for  soup 
usu.  Colino. 


•Colafizzare  (Gr. 


);  to  buffet. 


*i.  =  Mescere,  to  pour  out.  ii.  =Spendere,  to 
dissipate.  iii.  to  unite.  iv.  Lo  cor  che  in  sul 
Tamigi  ancor  si  cola,  D.  Inf.  12.  120,  the  heart  that 
still  is  venerated  upon  the  Thames,  or  that  still  drips 
upon  the  Thames,  as  if  calling  for  vengeance.  But 
the  first  is  the  most  natural  interpretation;  Colare 
for  Cdlere  is  paralleled  by  Ancidare  for  Anci'dere, 
Spegnare  for  Spengere. 

Colascionata/.;  poetry  for  the  Colascione. 

Colascidne  m.  (a  kind  of  augm.  < 
Span,  coin,  tail) ;  i.  a  form  of  lute  with 
two  or  three  strings  and  sixteen  keys  in 
the  handle,  consequently  an  instrument 
with  a  tail.  2.  an  old  bad  violin. 
3.  Poeta  da  — ,  third-rate  poet. 

Colata/;  i.  the  first  stage  of  re- 
fining metal  in  a  smelting  furnace. 

2.  (mar.)  time  during  which  a  breeze 
blows  steadily. 

Colatfccio  m. ;  i.  liquid  that  does 
not  strain  easily,  dregs  remaining  after 
the  liquid  has  been  strained.  2.  dross 
thrown  off  by  a  metal  in  melting. 

3.  stalactite. 

*Colat-io;  i.  —  or  Colativo,  aperient.  ii..Cas- 
tagne  -le,  =Cascaticcie,  fallen  chestnuts. 

•Colato  m.;  i.  =  Colatura.  ii.  mode  in  which 
a  thing  occurred,  rationale  of  the  occurrence. 

Colat6io  m. ;  i.  sieve,  filter,  colander, 
also  said  fig.  for  poor  relations  to  be 
maintained.  2.  (anal.)  ethmoid  bone 
in  the  nose.  3.  =Crogiolo,  crucible. 

•Colatorew. ;  drainage  channel. 

Colatura/;    i.   straining  a  liquid. 

2.  the     clear    liquid     which     results. 

3.  material  thrown  off  in  fusing  metals  ; 
if  this  is  mere  dross  it  is  termed  Cola- 
ticcio.     4.  candle-drippings. 

Colazion-accia  pegg.,  -are  v6.,  -cilia  or 
-cma  dn,,.,  -cidna  augm.,  magnificent  lunch  ;  v.  -e. 

Colazidne,  Colezidne  or  pop.  Coli- 
zione  /  (mlt.  co/latio,  conference,  from 
collates,  the  part,  used  as  that  of  the 
defective  verb  can/era,  referring  possibly 
m  the  first  place  to  the  reading  of  the 
Scriptures  whilst  the  community  were 
eating,  and  so  secondly  to  the  meal  they 
took.  Or  the  word  may  have  referred 
directly  to  the  food  brought  together 
collatum,  v.  Littrd,  sub  Collation,  2); 
luncheon,  breakfast. 

Ajjl.  Colazion-etta  Jim.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Colbac,  Colbacche  or  Colbacco  m. ; 
a  form  of  cap  worn  by  light  cavalry, 
busby. 

•Colcare;  i.  =Coricare,   to  put  to  bed.     ii.    to 
turn  (a  horse). 

C61chico  m.  (L);  (hot.)  i.  meadow-saffron, 
Colcktcum  autumnal,,  also  termed  Zafferano  has! 
tardo,  Grogo  salvatico.  2.  —  di  spagna,  Bulto- 
codium  -vrniim. 

•Colcotar  m.;  (c/um.)  colcothar,  iron  peroxide. 
Litlre  states  that  the  word  was  invented  by  Para- 

Colcrem  m. ;  the  E.  cold-cream 
•Cole;  v.  •  Cogliere. 
Colecistiyj;  (anal.)  gall-blaildcr 


Coledoco  m.;  (aiiat.)  bile-duct. 

Colei ;  sprtg.  that  woman. 

Colendissimo;  most  reverend. 

Coledcele  f.;  (surf.)  vaginal  hernia. 

Coleoressiay;;  (med.)  rupture  of  the  vagina  in 
parturition. 

Coleorizzay:;  (M.)  coleorhiza,  sheath  at  the 
base  of  an  endogenous  embryo  where  it  is  pierced  by 
the  true  radicle. 

Coleostegnbsiy:;  (mat.)  vaginal  constriction. 

Coleotllay:;  (hot.)  coleoptile  or  colcophyll,  the 
first  leaf  which  follows  the  cotyledon  in  endogens. 

Coledttero  m.  (Gr.  icoA.iit,  sheath,  irrepo.-, 
wing) ;  in  pi.,  coleopterous  insects,  beetles,  so  called 
from  their  wing-cases. 

Colera  m.  (L.  cholera,  jaundice,  <Gr.  voAepa, 
disease  in  which  the  humours  of  the  body  voAoi'  are 
violently  discharged);  cholera.  •  =Collera,  anger. 

•Coiere  (L.);  i.  to  revere,  ii.  to  inhabit.  No 
example  is  to  be  found  of  the  per/.;  the  part,  is 
colto,  q.v.  in  loco. 

Colerico;  choleraic,     'quick-tempered. 

Colerin-a/,  -o  m.;  English  cholera,  diarrhoea. 

Coler6so  ;  attacked  by  cholera. 

Colettare  ind.  col^tto ;  to  sift. 
Col&to  m. ;  dim.  Colo,  sieve. 

*  Colezione  /. ;  =  Colazione,    luncheon.      Aver 
fatto  —  a  digiuno,  i.e.  to  be  drunk 

•Colfo  w.;  =  Golfo. 

Coliambo  m.;  iambic  verse  whose  fifth  foot  is 
an  iambic  and  sixth  a  spondee. 

*  Colibeto  (Collibeto)  m.  (L.  grwlibet);  scurrilous 
equivoque. 

Colibri  m.  (native  Carib  word); 
humming-bird. 

•Colibrio  m.  •  calibrating  instrument. 

C61ic-a  f.  (L.,<Gr.  K(oAi«ds);  colic.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

*  Cohcare  ;  =  Coricare,  to  put  to  bed. 
Colichetta/:;  dim.  Colica,  slight  colic. 
Cohco ;  colic,  colicky. 

Colimbo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Colomba) ;  i.  =  Svasso 
collo  rosso,  red-necked  grebe.  2.  —  col  ciuffb  — 
crestato  maggiore,  or  —  maggiore  =  Svasso  mag- 
giore,  great  crested  grebe.  3.  —  massimo,  =  Strolaga 
maggiore,  great  northern  diver.  4.  —  minore  or 
piccolo,  =  Tuffetto,  dabchick.  5.  —  orecchiuto  or 
turco,  =  bvasso  piccolo,  little  grebe. 

Colfno  in.  (It.  colare);  strainer. 

Colio  m. ;  frcq.  of  Colare. 
ColisiJo  m.\pop.  for  Colosseo.    i.  the  Coliseum 
2.  scherz.  rump,  v.  Culiseo. 

C611a/  (A)  (Gr.  K6\\a,  glue);  glue, 
gum,  paste.  -  di  pesce,  isinglass. 
Uomo  — ,  parasite,  man  who  cannot  be 
got  rid  of.  Far  della  — ,  in  ironworks, 
to  reduce  the  metal  to  pigs. 

*(B)(It.  collare,  verb);  i.  torturer's  rone     ii    tor- 
ture. 

Cilia  ;  contr.  for  Con  la,  with  the. 
Collabor-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 
tCollacchina  f.;  i.e.  Colle  a  china,  gentle  hill 
Collaccio  m.;  pegg.  Collo. 

Collan-a/  (It.  collo);  i.  necklace. 
2.  anthology.  3.  ancient  Greek  dance. 

A_f.  -ella,  -etta  or  -ina  dims.,  -one  or  -6na 
augm.,  -uccia  spreg. 

Collar-e m.  (bit. collare,<L. colluni); 
i.  collar.  2.  priest's  bands;  Mettersi 
il  — ,  to  enter  into  training  for  a  priest; 
Buttar  via  il  — ,  to  renounce  the  career  of 
a  priest.  3.  (meton.)  -i  e  cocolle,  priests 
and  monks.  4.  collar  of  the  Order  of 
the  Annunziata.  *  =  Collana,  necklace. 

'Collare  vt.  (M.H.G.  kolle,,,<O.H.G.  quellen 
to  torture,  cp.  Germ,  aualen,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Quell)' 
i.  to  torture  on  the  rack  or  by  the  strappado,  ii.  to 
lower  or  to  raise  by  a  rope.  iii.  fig.  to  grant,  as  it 
were  by  lowering  to  the  recipient. 

CollanStto  m.  (dim.  Collare) ;  i.  neck 
of  a  chemise.  2.  small  collar. 

Collarinato;  (lurald.)  having  a  collar  of  a 
different  colour  from  that  of  the  body. 

Collarino  m. ;  dim.  Collare.  I.  small 
collar,  neck-band.  2.  collar  in  the  capi- 
tal of  a  column.  3.  in  bell-founding, 


1 60 

the  pieces  which  hold  the  neck  of  the 
bell.     4.   iron,  priest's  collar. 

•Collata/;  i.  blow  on  the  neck.    ii.   accolade 
in  the  ceremony  of  knighting. 

Collaterals ;  i.  as  E.  As si>.:  2.  point 
intermediate  between  two  cardinal  points 
of  the  compass.  3.  (arch.)a\s\e.  4.  second 
in  authority  to  a  Podesta,  etc.,  vice- 
mayor. 

*Collater-alia/.,  or  -ato  >*.;  position  of  a 
vice-mayor. 

Collat6re  >«.;  i.  (tccl.)  patron  of  a  benefice. 
2.  (mar.)  lanyard. 

*  Collattaneo ;  foster-brother. 

Collaud-are  ind,  collaudo ;  to  approve  officially. 
Aff.  -azione. 

Collaudo  m.;i.g.  Collaudazione,  «/>.  certificate 
given  by  an  engineer  to  a  contractor  entitling  him  to 
be  paid. 

Collazion-are  ind.  collazidno;  to  compare  a 
copy  with  an  original.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Collazi6ne/  (L.);i.v.  Collazionare. 
2.    patronage    of   a    benefice.      3.    - 
de'   Santi    Padri,   selections    from    the 
early  Fathers. 

*i.  conference,  ii.  transference,  iii.  rate,  taxa- 
tion, iv.  presentation,  v.  bringing  into  hotchpot 
on  the  part  of  an  heir  the  gifts  that  he  has  received 
from  the  deceased  during  his  life.  vi.  comparison. 

C611e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hill); 
hill.  -  is  not  so  high  as  Collina  but 
higher  than  Altura. 

Collega  m.  (L.);  colleague,    "alliance. 

Colleg-are  ind.  colldgo  colldghi  (L.) ; 
to  unite,  connect,  put  together.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -anza,  -atame"nte,-at6re,-atrice. 

Collegiale ;  collegiate.  As  sir.,  collegian,  pupil, 
scholar. 

Collegialita/;  i.  rights  of  a  college.  2.  esprit 
df  corps.  3.  decision  of  a  college.  4.  prerogatives 
of  a  collegiate  church. 

Collegialmente ;  Deliberare  — ,  to  decide  by 
resolution  of  a  college. 

*  Collegiare  ;  (med.)  to  consult. 

Collegiate/;  collegiate  church. 

Collegiato  ;  belonging  to  a  college. 

Collegio  m.  (L.);  i-  college.  2.  (iron.} 
clique.  3.  —  convitto,  boarding-school. 
4.  — elettorale,  constituency.  5.  Sacro 
— ,  college  of  Cardinals.  6.  —  dei 
notai,  hall  of  notaries ;  —  degli  avvo- 
cati,  the  Bar.  7.  in  the  Florentine 
republic,  the  sixteen  "  Gonfalonier! "  of 
the  Arts  and  the  twelve  "Bonomini 
consiglieri"  of  the  Priors. 

*i.  (med.)  —  di  medici,  consultation,  ii.  assembly 
(of  princes),  iii.  federation,  D.  Par.  6.  45.  iv.  =  Con- 
vento,  monastery. 

Collegiuccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Collegio. 

•Colleppolare  ;  i.  to  feel  (a  thing)  over.  ii.  to 
steal,  iii.  —  Gongolare,  to  jump  for  joy.  iv.  to  shake. 

Cbllera  (Collora)  /  (variant  of 
Colera);  anger. 

•One  of  the  four  "humours"  of  the  blood. 
t=  Colera,  cholera. 

Collericam^nte ;  angrily. 
Collerico  ;     angry.      *  seized    with 
cholera. 

*Collerio;  v.  Collirio. 

Colle'tta  /  (mlt.  collecta);  \.  col- 
lection for  some  charitable  purpose. 
2.  (eccl.)  collect. 

•i.  assembly,  ii.  =Aggravio,  tax.  iii.  seizure 
(of  concealed  arms),  iv.  =Colta(iv),  duty,  v.  Muro 
a  — ,  jerry-built  wall. 

Collet tai o  m. ;  maker  of  Colletti,  collars. 

Collett-are ;  i.  to  collect,  v.  Col- 
letta  ( i ).  2.  -arsi,  to  join  in  a  guarantee. 
*to  lay  taxes  upon. 


COLLATA— COLMARE 


Collettiv-amente,  -o;  as  E. 

Collettizio;  (people)  collected  to- 
gether anyhow. 

Coll^tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Colle,  hill. 
2.  dim.  Collo,  bale.  3.  =  Collarino,  collar. 
4.  leather  jerkin.  5.  =Moretta  tabac- 
cata,  ferruginous  duck,  Fuligula  nyroca. 
6.  (hot.}  (a)  the  knot  marking  the  junction 
of  a  stem  with  the  root,  (b)  collar  near 
the  top  of  a  fungus  stalk,  (c\  the  little 
elevation  at  the  base  of  a  leaf  in  grasses. 

*  Colletto  (L.  collect™);  collected,  D.  Purg.  18.  51. 
Collet-tore  m.,  -trice/.;  collector. 
Collezion-cella  or  -cina/I;  dim.  Collezione. 
Collezione  /.;  collection. 

*i.  assembly,    ii.  =  Colazione,  luncheon. 
"Collibeto;  v.  Colibeto. 

*  Collicare  ;  =  Coricare,  to  put  to  bed. 
Collictllow.;  dim.  Colle,  hill. 
Collicino  MI. ;  dim.  Collo. 

•Collicorto  m.;  (out.)  narcissus. 

Colligiano ;  living  in  the  hills. 

Collimare  ind.  colh'mo ;  to  have  a 
common  aim,  to  harmonise. 

Etym.  L.  collineare,  miscopied  in  mlt.  as 
callimare,  v.  Littrg,  sut  Collimation. 

Collim-at6re  m.;  collimator,  a  subsidiary  tele- 
scope used  for  adjusting  other  instruments,  e.g.  in 
using  the  spectroscope.  Aff.  -azione. 

Collina  /  (mlt.  collina,  dim.  of  L. 
col/is,  but  the  Italian  word  is  not  a  dim. 
in  meaning,  v.  Colle) ;  hill. 

Collinetta/;  dim.  Collina. 

Collino  m. ;  dim.  Collo,  neck.     *  =  Collarino. 

ColHquativo  ;  (med.)  as  E. 
*  Collira  or  Collirida/  (Gr.  uoAAvpo) ;  a  kind  of 
bun. 

Collirio  m.  (L.,<  Gr.  jtoAAupioi-,  poultice) ;  eye- 
salve. 

Collisions ./  (L.  collidere);  collision. 

Collisivo;  Accento  —  ,  mark  of  apostrophe. 

Collo  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  colts,  Provenc,. 
coli,  colts,  bundle.  Hatzfeld  and  Darm- 
stetter  derive  Fr.  colts  from  Ital.  colli, 
pi.  of  collo,  as  being  what  a  man  might 
carry  on  his  neck,  comparing  old  Fr. 
colter,  porter.  Pianigiani  refers  the 
Ital.  word  to  L.  colligere,  which  would 
give  **coglio,and  this  might  be  attracted 
into  its  present  form  by  Collo,  neck) ; 
bundle,  package. 

(B)  (L.  collum,  akin  to  Germ.  Hals, 
A.S.  heals,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Collar) ;  i.  neck; 

-  verde,  wild  duck,  v.  Germano  (3) ; 

-  del  piede,  instep;   —  del  capitello, 
(arch.)  the  lower  part  of  a  capital  which 
has  the  same  diameter  as  the  top  of  the 
shaft ;  Ponte  a  — ,  hanging  bridge  (not 
a   suspension-bridge)   supported    by   a 
wall  into  which   it   is  built;   —   torio, 
or  as  one  word  Collotorto,  hypocrite. 
2.    (mar.)   (a)  throat   (of  an    anchor), 
(6)   round  turn   (of  a   rope),  (c)   kink, 
(</)  hitch  ;  Mezzo  — ,  half  hitch.     3.  in 
pi.,  half  empty  ears  of  corn  which  are 
left  in  threshing,  v.  infra  (9).    4.  Al  — , 
(arm)  in  a  sling;  A  — ,  aback,  said  of 
a  sail  when  forced  backwards  by  the 
wind  across  a  mast.     5.  Fare  allungare 
il  —  ad  alcuno,  i.e.  to  keep  him  waiting 
for  our  arrival.     6.  Avere  in  — ,  troppo 
in   — ,   or  in  accollo,  when   carts  are 
loaded  or  overloaded  upon  the  shafts. 
7.    Tra  capo  e  — ,  severe  (blow,  mis- 
fortune, etc.) ;   Dare  una  sentenza  tra 
capo  e  — ,  to  pronounce  a  severe  sen- 
tence ;  Gli  e  andata  tra  capo  e  —  e  in 


un  anno  persero  da  ottantamila  lire, 
they  suffered  severely  and  lost  some 
eighty  thousand  francs  in  one  year. 

8.  Cascar  di  — ,  to  fall  out  of  favour. 

9.  Fare  il  — ,  (a)  when  the  grain  is 
nearly  ripe  and  the  ears  droop,  (6)  of 
fowls  after  killing,  to  hang  head  down- 
wards that  the  blood  may  run  into  the 
head  and  the  flesh  be  white,  or  in  the 
case  of  small  birds  that  the  heads  may 
not  drop  off  upon  roasting.     10.  Fiac- 
carsi  il  — ,  to  break  one's  neck,  fig.  to 
make  a  bad  marriage,     u.  Mettere  un 
bastimento  sotto  — ,  to  put  a  ship  "on 
the  berth,"  announce  her  readiness  for 
a  given  voyage.     12.   Tenere  in  — ,  of 
a  river,  to  hold  it  up,  as  by  a  high  tide 
or  other  obstacle   to   the  flow  of  the 
water.     13.   Tirare  il  —  a  un  affare,  to 
close   with    it    as    advantageous;    the 
metaphor  being  from    killing    a    fowl 
because  it  is  fat.     14.   (bot.}  (a)  —  di 
cammello,     daffodil,    v.    Narciso    (2); 
(6)  —   torto,   polyanthus  narcissus,  v. 
Narciso  (i). 

*  i.  Fare  altrui  il  — ,  to  win  by  cheating,  ii.  Rpm- 
nere  il  — ,  of  a  letter,  not  to  reach  its  destination, 
iii.  Venti  tenuti  in  — ,  winds  held  in  check,  iv.  Tenere 
in  — ,  (a)  to  keep  secret,  not  to  say  all  one  knows, 
(*)  to  keep  in  doubt,  v.  Segare  a  — ,  to  leave  the 
stubble  long. 

Collo;  contr.  for  Con  lo;>/.  Cogll,  01  pop.  Colll. 

Collocabile  ;  r>.  Collocare. 

Collocam&lto  m.;  i.  situation,  ap- 
pointment. 2.  arrangement.  3.  mar- 
riage of  girls.  4.  —  A  riposo,  pensioning 
off. 

Collocare  ind.  colloco  collochi;  to 
place.  -  a  riposo,  to  pension  off. 
-  una  ragazza,  to  give  her  in  mar- 
riage. 

Collocassia ;  v.  Colocasia. 

Collocaziine/;  i.  i.q.  Collocamento.  2.  (leg.) 
classification  of  creditors  according  to  their  security. 

Collodiare  ind.  collodio;  to  smear  with  col- 
lodion. 

Coll6di-o  or  -one  m.  (Gr.  KoAAcuSr)!,  < KoAAa, 
glue);  collodion,  solution  of  gun-cotton  in  ether. 
*  Colloia  / ;  =  Giogatico,  hire  of  oxen. 

Colloquintida  f. ;  (bot.)  colocynth,  Citrulltis 
colocynthis. 

Colldquio  «/. ;  colloquy. 
•Collora/;  =  Collera. 

Collor6sso  m. ;  =  Moriglione,  pochard  (duck) 

Coll6s-o  (It.  colla,  gum);  sticky. 
Aff.  -ita. 

C611ot6rto  m. ;  i.  hypocrite.  2.= 
Torcicollo,  wryneck.  3.  a  species  of 
narcissus,  v.  Collo  (14,  b). 

Coll6ttol-a  /  (dim.  of  **collotta, 
<  It.  collo) ;  i.  nape  ot  the  neck. 
2.  scherz.  thick  neck;  Far  — ,  to  grow 
fat;  Insalata  non  fa  — ,  salad  is  not 
fattening.  Aff.  -ona  or  -one  augm. 

C611overde  m. ;  male  wild  duck,  Germano. 
Collusi-6ne,  -vamente,  -vo;  as  E. 
•Colluviario  »/.;  =  Sfogo  dell'  acquedotto,  vent. 

Colluvie  /  (L.);  cesspool,  mass  of 
filth. 

*  Colluvione  in. ',  =  Colluvie,  mfig.  sense. 

Colmare  ind.  colmo  (v.  Colmo) ; 
i.  to  fill  to  the  brim.  2.  of  a  road- 
way, to  give  it  the  proper  rise  in 
the  central  line.  3.  —  un  terreno,  to 
raise  it  by  introducing  flood-water  so 
as  to  deposit  a  silt.  *to  fulfil  a  pro- 
phecy. 


COLMATA— COLTELLACCIO 


161 


Colmata  f.  •  silting  up,  or  the  resulting  deposit. 
Colmat-ina  /.',    dim.  Colmata.     -ura  f.\    v. 
Colmare. 

Colmeggiare  ind.  colmeggio;  to  rise  slightly. 
*Colmeflo  nt.  ;=Comignolo. 
Colmetto  in.;  dim.  colmo. 
'Colmigno  or  Colmignolo   m. ;  =  Comignolo, 
ridge. 

Colmo  m.  (L.  culinen,  root  gel,  to 
raise,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Column ;  the  vb. 
Colmare  is  from  Colmo  sb. ;  the  adj. 
Colmo  is  syncopated  from  the  part. 
Colmato) ;  I.  top,  summit.  2.  as  adj., 
brim-full. 

*  i.  =  Bica,  stack,     ii.  the  name  for  certain  round 
tables,  sometimes  octagonal,  of  about  two  or  three 
feet  in  diameter,  surrounded  by  a  little  gilt  border; 
they  were  painted  on  one  or  both  sides  with  sacred 
subjects  and  used  as  bed-tables,     iii.  roof.     iv.  =  Co- 
mignolo, ridge  of  a  roof. 

C61o  m.  (A) ;  =  Cola,  sieve.  (B) ;  i'. 
Colon. 

*(C)  (Gr.  «wXoi');  member,  component  part  of  a 
verse. 

*  Colobio  tn.  (Gr.  icoA^toi');  sleeveless  jacket. 
Colobo  tn. ;  an  African  genus  of  thumbless  apes. 

*Colobrina;  v.  Colubrina. 

Colocasia  or  Collocassia_/C;  (for.)  a  genus  of 
arums. 

Colof&niay;  (L.,  <pixColophoniat  because  im- 
ported from  Colophon  in  Asia  Minor) ;  colophony, 
rosin  obtained  by  distilling  turpentine  with  water, 
and  used  for  violin  strings. 

Colomba  (Paloraba)  /.;  i.  —  sassarola,  rock- 
pigeon,  Columba  livia.  -2.  (&>/.)  Fiore  della  — 
bianca,  waxen  dove-flower,  Pcristeria  cerina.  *  keel. 
tPesce  — ,  toad  fish,  v.  Tetraodonte. 

Etym.  L.  columbn,  cogn.  with  Gr.  *oAu/i/Ji'«, 
diver,  a  sea-bird  ;  cp.  Ital.  Colimbo,  diver,  Fr. 
colombe.  Palomba  is  <  L.  palumbes,  wood-pigeon, 
which  may  be  a  variant  of  columba. 

Colombaccio  m. ;  i.  wild  pigeon,  Columba 
palumbtis,  also  termed  Favazzo,  Palombo,  Piccione 
da  ghianda.  2.  some  kind  of  fish.  Prov.  Sordo 
com'  un  — ,  deaf  as  a  fish. 

Colomb-aia  (-ara)/ ;  dovecote.  An- 
dare  col  cembalo  in  — ,  to  blurt  out, 
v.  Cembalo.  Sviare  la  • — ,  to  drive  away 
one's  customers.  Tirare  i  sassi  in  — , 
to  injure  one's  own  trade.  Stare  in  — , 
to  live  at  the  top  of  the  house. 

*  Colombaio  m. ;  =  Colombaia.     Attenersi  al  — , 
to  seek  a  place  of  safety. 

Colombano ;  usu.  San  Colombano,  a  hill  in 
Lombardy  which  has  given  its  name  to  a  certain 
variety  of  black  grape. 

Colombaria  /.;  the  name  of  a  Florentine 
Academy. 

Colombario  m.;  i.  vault  for  cinerary 
urns.  2.  catacomb. 

•Colombeggiare  ;  to  behave  like  pigeons. 

Colombia  /  ;  i.  wood-pigeon, 
Columba  aeuas,  also  termed  Palom- 
bella,  Paonceila.  2.  A  — ,  (to  drop) 
perpendicularly.  3.  Fare  la  — ,  in 
playing  at  ball,  to  loft  one's  ball,  to  hit 
it  high. 

Colombellare  ind.  colombello ;  to  hit  a  high 
ball,  11.  Colombella  (3). 

Colombicfdio  m. ;  illegal  killing  of  pigeons. 

Col6mbico  ;  Acido  — ,  an  extract  from  calumba 
root. 

Colombiere  m.;  (mar.')  i.  mast-head.  2.  in 
//.,  poppets,  timbers  used  to  support  a  vessel  while 
being  launched. 

Colombina  /. ;  i .  dim.  Colomba. 
2.  iron,  prude.  3.  fuse  for  setting  fire 
to  fireworks ;  Quel  che  da  il  fuoco  alia 
— ,  i.e.  that  without  which  the  festivi- 
ties cannot  begin.  4.  pigeons'  dung. 
5.  Easter  egg.  6.  a  character  in  one 
of  Goldoni's  plays.  7.  an  extract  of 
calumba  root. 

*  i.  a  variety  of  grape,     ii.  =  Sasso  colombino. 

Colombino   m.;    i.    Mm.    Colombo, 
H. 


young  pigeon.     2.    i.q.  Colombina  (4), 
pigeons'  dung.     3.  =  Mignattino,  tern. 

*i.  lover,     ii.  scherz.  =  Asino,  ass.    iii.  a  variety 
of  vine. 

Golombtaoadj. ;  i. dove-like.  2.  Sasso 
— ,  a  variety  of  limestone.  3.  Piede — , 
(bot.~)  Geranium  columbinum  or  molle. 
4.  as  sb.,  =  Mignattino,  black  tern. 

*  Colo  m  bio    ;//. ;    an   old   name    for    the    metal 
tantalum. 

Colombo  m. ;  i.=  Piccione,  pigeon.  2.  (A?/.) 
Calumba,  Jateorhiza  palmata.  ta  species  of  ray, 
v.  Miliobate. 

*Colombrina;  v.  Colubrina. 

C61on  (Colo)  m.  (Gr.  «oA.ox) ;  (anal.)  the  large 
intestine. 

Col6ni-a  /  (L.,<Gr.);  i.  colony. 
2.  (geogr.)  Cologne.  3.  (leg.}  contract 
between  owner  and  tenant ;  Dare  un 
podere  a  — ,  to  let  a  farm  on  certain 
terms.  AJ}.  -ale,  -zzare. 

Coldn-ico;  v.  Colonia  (3).  Parte  -ica,  the 
tenant's  share. 

Col6nn-a^  (L.  columna) ;  i.  column. 
2.  Cristo  alia  — ,  v.  Cristo  (4).  3.  Letto 
a  tre  -e,  gallows.  4.  (mar.)  —  del 
molinello,  v.  Omo  (10).  t(;/zar.)  =  Pen- 
zolo,  pendant. 

Colonnato  m. ;  i.  colonnade.  2.  old 
Spanish  coin  of  about  five  francs, 
stamped  with  the  columns  of  Hercules. 

Colonnella^;  sckerz.  wife  of  a  colonel. 
Colonnellato  m. ;  scherz.  grade  of  a  colonel. 

Colonn^llo  m.  (dim.  of  Colonna,  the 
term  having  originally  meant  a  small 
column  at  the  head  of  the  regiment, 
hence  the  leader  thereof) ;  colonel. 

*  i.    dim.    Colonna.     ii.    king-post   of  a  roof   or 
wooden  bridge,      iii.    column  of  writing,      iv.    in 
genealogy,  collateral   line.     v.    regiment,     vi.    head 
slave  in  ancient  Rome. 

Colonn-etta  or  -inayi;  dim.  Colonna. 

Colonnfno  m.;  \.  dim.  Colonna. 
2.  wooden  prop.  3.  baluster,  'gallows. 
Lasciare  uno  al  — ,  to  abandon  him  to 
his  fate. 

Colonnuccia  f.\  pegg.  Colonna. 

Colbno  m.  (L.);  tenant,  v.  Colonia  (3). 
•foreigner. 

Coloquintida ;  v.  Colloquintida. 

Color-accio/«££-.  of -e,  -are  v.  -ire,  -atamente 
by  way  of  pretence. 

Col6r-e  m.  (L.);  colour,  '(melon.)  flower, 
D.  Purg.  28.  68.  AJf.  -e"tto,  -mo  dims. 

Colorire  ind.  colorisco,  perf.  colorii ; 
to  colour.  As  between  Colorare  and 
Colorire  the  former  would  be  used  of 
light,  the  latter  of  art.  La  luce  colora, 
il  pittore  colorisce.  The  part.,  however, 
colorito  refers  to  nature.  Fiore,  viso 
piu  o  men  colorito,  a  flower  or  a  com- 
plexion with  more  or  with  less  colour. 
Non  convien  credere  ben  coloriti  tutti 
que'  visi  che  appariscono  tali,  the  colour 
of  a  complexion  is  not  always  genuine. 
Colorato  is  generally  used  metaphori- 
cally, like  the  word  colourable  in  English. 
Quella  donna  sapra  colorare  le  sue 
menzogne  con  sottile  artifizio,  that 
woman  will  know  how  to  give  a  good 
colour  to  her  stories.  Colorire  might 
also  be  said  in  reference  to  giving 
another  colour  to  things,  but  it  would 
have  a  gentler  signification.  (From 
Tommaseoe  Rigutini,  Diz.  di  Sinonimi.) 

Colorista  m.;  colourist,  in  art. 


Colorito  tn.  ;  the  colour  given  to 
paintings,  or  the  art  of  using  colour. 

Coloritdre  m.\  i.q.  Colorista. 

Col6ro(L.  eccit  illontm,  rr.  Colui);  they. 

Color-6ne  m.\  augm.  of  the  complexion,  hi§h 
colour,  -ucciaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  bad  colour,  -uccio 
m.  ;  spreg.  pale  colour. 

Coloss-ale,  -eo:  as  E. 
*Colossino  m.  ;  pale  red  colour. 

Coldstro  m.  (L.)  ;  the  first  milk  of  a  mother. 

C61p-a/  (L.  culpa)  ;  fault.  La.  —  t: 
sempre  fanciulla,  always  unmarried  ;  no 
one  wishes  to  acknowledge  it.  *Chieder 
—  ,  to  ask  pardon.  AJf.  -abilita,  -accio 


Colp-ettino  sub-dint.,  -etto  dim.  of-o. 
Colpevol-e;  culpable.     Aff.  -mente. 

Oolpire  ind.  colpisco,  perf.  colpii  ; 

1.  to  hit.     2.  Jig.  to  strike. 

Cblpo  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  coufi,<b\t.  colpus, 
<  L.  colaphus  =  Gr.  Ko\a$or,  a  blow, 
origin  unkn.};  i.  blow;  —  di  vento, 
gust  of  wind;  —  di  mare,  heavy  sea 
shipped  on  board  ;  —  di  remo,  stroke. 

2.  (fig.)  striking  impression.     3.   fall  ; 
Battere  un  —  ,  to  fall  down.     4.    apo- 
plectic stroke.     5.  shot  of  a  gun.     6.  - 

—  or  —  a  —  ,  every  time  (of  shooting, 
striking,  etc.)  ;  —    —  uccello  uccello,  he 
kills  his  bird  at  every  shot.    7.  a  stroke 
of  a  painter's  brush,  touch;  Dipingere 
di   primo  —  ,  without  any  preliminary 
sketch.     8.  at  billiards,  force  ;  Ha  poco 

—  ,  he  plays  gentle  strokes. 

Phrases:  9.  A  —  ,  of  a  door  which 
upon  being  closed  springs  the  catch 
without  a  turn  of  the  handle.  10.  A  — 
sicuro,  to  a  certainty,  ii.  —  d'  aria, 
cold,  from  exposure  to  a  draught.  1  2.  — 
di  dadi,  throw  of  the  dice.  13.  Di  —  , 
at  once.  14.  Fare  un  bel  —  ,  to  do  a 
good  stroke  of  business.  15.  -  -  di 
grazia,  death-blow,  given  to  a  wounded 
animal,  coup  de  grace.  16.  —  di  maestro, 
master  stroke.  17.  --  di  mano,  (a) 
stratagem,  (b)  helping  hand.  18.  - 
d'  occhio,  view  ;  A  —  d'  occhio,  at  the 
first  glance;  In  un  —  d'  occhio,  =In 
un  batter  d'  occhio,  in  the  twinkling  of 
an  eye.  19.  —  di  scena,  stage  effect, 
lit.  or  Jig.  20.  —  di  stato,  coup  d"e"taf. 
21.  —  di  testa,  act  of  stupid  obstinacy 
or  perversity,  usu.  Testardaggine. 

Colp6s-o  ;  (leg.}  without  malice  prepense.  Aff. 
•amente. 

Colsat  m.;  =  Colza. 

Cblta  /.  (It.  cogliere)  ;  harvesting, 
time  of  harvest,  or  crop  harvested. 

*  i.  collection,  ii.  pond,  tank.  iii.  tax,  rate. 
iv.  task.  v.  document,  vi.  =  Colpimento,  hit  :  Far 

—  ,  to  do  a  good  stroke,     vii.   Stare  alia  —  ,  to  lie  in 
wait  for.    viii.  Di  —  ,  (a)  at  full  pitch,  as  opposed  to 
the  first  bound,  (^)  abruptly. 

*Coltare;  to  cultivate. 

Coltell-a  /  (variant  of  -o)  ;  I.  large 
knife,  cutlass.  2.  coulter  of  a  plough. 
AJJ.  -a.ma.pegg. 

Coltellaccino  m.  ;  (mar.)  topgallant  studding 
sail. 

Coltellacc-io  m.  ;  i.  pegg.  Coltello. 
2.  hunting-knife.  3.  (mar?)  studding 
sail.  4.  (hot.)  in  //.,  -i,  (a)  branching 
bur-reed,  Sparganium  ramosum,  also 
termed  Sala,  Stiancia;  (b)  yellow  water- 
iris,  Iris  pseudacorus,  also  termed  Acoro 
falso,  Iride  giallo.  5.  ploughshare. 

21 


162 


COLTELLAME— COMING 


Coltellame  m.  ;  cutlery. 

Coltellata  f.  ;  i.  knife  wound. 
2.  upper  part  of  a  wall  when  built 
"per  coltello." 

Coltellazidne  /  ;  measuring  the 
horizontal  dimensions  of  hilly  ground. 

Coltell-esca  /  ;  sheath  for  a  knife. 
-e"tto  m.\  dim.  of  -o.  -iera/.  ;  knife- 
stand  or  case,  -fna  /  ;  dim.  of  -a. 
-inaio  m.  ;  cutler,  -inata  f.  ;  wound 
with  a  -mo.  -fno  m.  •  i.  dim.  of  -o, 
pocket-knife.  2.  (&?/.)  =  Gaggiolo,  iris. 

Coltell-o  or  pop.  Cultello  m.  (L. 
cultellus,  dim.  of  cutter,  butcher's  knife); 
i.  knife;  Pane  di  fratello  pane  di  —  , 
the  bread  given  by  a  brother  to  an 
orphan  sister  is  bitter;  Servire  uno  di 
coppa  e  di  —  ,  (a)  —  Rendergli  pan  per 
focaccia,  to  serve  him  out,  give  him  as 
good  as  one  got,  (b)  to  meet  all  his  re- 
quirements, serve  him  faithfully  ;  Azioni 
or  Cose  da  —  ,  i.e.  infamous.  2.  Mattoni 
a  —  }  or  per  —  ,  bricks  laid  on  edge, 
with  the  largest  face  vertical.  3.  in  //., 
the  great  quill  feathers  of  the  wings  of 
a  large  bird. 

Aff.  -ona  or  -one  augm.,  -otto,  knife 
of  medium  size,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Coltiv-abile,  -ability,  -amento  fig,  of  friend- 
ships, -are,  -ato  cultivated  ground,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azione;  as  E. 

Etym.  Bit.  citltivust<  L.  cultus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Cultivate. 


Gdlto;  contr.  for  Coltivato. 
,  coil. 


As  sb. 


*i.  =  Attillato,  well-dressed.  ii.  as/<ir/.  of  Colere, 
venerated.  As  sb.  :  iii.  cultivated  ground,  iv.  cul- 
tivation. v.  veneration,  religious  rite.  vi.  pomp, 
splendour,  vii.  di  troppo  grande  —  ,  too  expensive 
to  maintain. 

Cdlto  ;  part.  Cogliere. 

Coltrare  ind.  coltro;  to  plough  with  a  Coltro. 
*Coltra./;;  i.  =Coltre.     ii.  a  measure  of  area. 

Cbltre  /  (L.  culritrae,  mattresses, 
the//,  passing  in  Italian  into  the  fern. 
sing.,  further  etym.  dub.}\  pall,  upon  a 
coffin. 

*  i.    coverlet    for   a    bed    or   in  pi.  bed-clothes. 
ii.  door-curtain. 

*Coltretta/;  dim.  Coltre. 

*Coltrice/;  (metathesis  of  L.  cuicitrae,v.  Coltre); 
feather-bed. 

Coltri-cella  or  -cetta  f.\  dint,  Coltre. 
*Coltriciaio  m.;  maker  of  feather-beds. 

Coltricin-a  f.t  *-o«.;  dim.  Coltre. 

*  Coltriciona  /.  ;  augin.  Coltrice. 
*Coltrina,/C;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Coltre.     ii.  wall  of 

bricks  laid  on  the  flat  and  laid  on  edge  in  alternate 
layers,  v.  Coltello  (2). 

"Coltrinetta  /;  dim.  Coltrina. 

Coltrino  m.  ;  strong  sheet,  with 
handles,  for  lifting  the  body  of  a  sick 
or  dead  person  from  the  bed. 

C61tro  m.  ;  a  turn-rist  plough,  throwing  the 
earth  to  one  side  only.  —  diritto,  mancino,  according 
as  the  earth  is  thrown  right  or  left. 

Coltron-accio  Pegg  ,  -cino  dim.t  -ci6ne 
augm.\  v.  -e. 

Coltrdne  m.  (augm.  Coltre)  ;  i.  bed- 
quilt.  2.  quilted  curtain  hanging  in  the 
doorway  of  a  church.  3.  baize  door. 

*Col  —  in  mano,  fig.  empty-handed,  as  one  who 
wakes  from  a  dream  of  wealth. 

*CoItruolo  m.;  i.  dim.  Coltro.     ii.  =ColtelHno. 

Coltura,  CulturayC;  i.  cultivation;  Gran  —  , 

farming    on    a    large    scale   with    machinery,   etc.; 

Media  —  ,  that  of  an  ordinary  farmer;  Piccola  —  , 

spade  cultivation.     2.  culture. 

*i.  cultivated  place,    ii.  =Culto,  worship. 


*Colubr-a  /,  -e  m.\  v.  Colubro. 
*CoIubrfn-a  (Colobrina,  Colombrina)y".  (a  word 
invented  by  writers  of  medieval  Latin  from  L.  coluber, 
snake);  i.  large  arquebus.  2.  culverin,  a  long 
cannon,  generally  an  eighteen  pounder.  Aff.  -e"tta 
dim. 

*  Colubrinaria  f.;  =  Columbaria. 

Colubrino;  Legno — ,  (bot.)  Bahama  redwood, 
Ceanothus  colubrina, 

Colubro  (Colubra,  Colubre)  m.  (U);A*A  for 
Biscia,  snake. 

Colui ;  somewhat  spreg.,  that  fellow. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^.  celui=ecce  illui.  It 
represents  L.  eccu  **  illui  or  eccu-ille-hitic ,  whilst 
the  fern.  Colei  is  eccu  iilei,  and  the  //.  Coloro  eccu 
tllorum. 

*Columbarey:;  a  variety  of  olive  used  for  pick- 
ling. 

*Columbariay^;=Dragontea,  dragon  arum. 
*Columbo;  z>.  Caluniba. 

Columellay.  (L.,  dim.  of  columna);  i.  axis  of 
certain  fruits.  2.  (anai.)  axis  of  the  cochlea  of  the 
internal  ear. 

Coluro  m.  (Gr.  KoAovpos,  with  docked  tail); 
colure,  the  name  of  two  celesiial  great  circles,  one 
through  the  zenith  and  the  poles,  the  other  through 
the  poles  and  the  East  and  West  points  of.  the 
observer. 

Colutea  f.\  (bot.)  bladder  senna,  Colutea 
arborescens. 

Cblza  /.  (Fr.,<  Dutch  koohaat%<kool=\J. 
caulis,  cabbage,  and  zaat,  seed);  i.  olio  di  — ;  colza 
oil,  expressed  from  rape  seed.  2.  the  name  is  also 
applied  to  the  rape  itself,  Brassica  campestris 
oleifera. 

C6ma  f.  (A)  (Gr.  «w/ia,  sleep);  (iited.)  coma. 
*(I!)(L.,  =  Gr.  KOfiri) ;  i.  =Chioma,  hair.    ii.  mane. 
(C)(Gr.  «6/ijLLa);  =  Virgola,  comma. 
*Comadre;  v.  Comare. 

Comandam^nto  m. ;  commandment. 

Comandante  ;«.;  {mil.)  commandant. 

Comand-are  (L.,  u.  Skeat,  sub  Com- 
mand); i.  to  command;  Comandi !  let 
me  know  your  commands.  Part.  -ato. 
2.  requisitioned.  3.  As  sb.,  employe* 
charged  with  some  special  matter  in 
the  public  service. 

*to  commit,  to  entrust. 

Oomandat-a  /;  i.  (mil.)  fatigue 
duty.  2.  Le  -e,  horses  kept  in  readi- 
ness at  a  railway-station  or  elsewhere 
for  the  convenience  of  royal  or  other 
important  travellers. 

*Comandatario  m.\~  Accomandatario. 

*  Comandativo ;    i.    fit   to   command,     ii.    pro- 
curable at  command,     iii.    (gram.)  imperative. 

*  Comandigia  f.  \  =  Accomandita,    recommenda- 
tion. 

*Comandita_/!;  =  Accomandita. 
Comando  m.\  command. 

*Comandole  f.  pl.\  ropes  used  in  loading  up 
sacks. 

Comandolo  ;«.;  hank  of  thread  wound  on  a 
bobbin  at  the  bottom  of  a  weaver's  frame,  for  fasten- 
ing any  threads  of  the  warp  which  come  undone  in 
weaving. 

*Comanno  m.\  for  Comando  (for  the  sake  of 
rhyme). 

*Comarco  ;«.  (L.<Gr.);  burgomaster. 

Comar-e/  (It.  commadre);  i.  god- 
mother. 2.  (pop.)  gossip,  woman-friend, 
neighbour.  3.  she-animals  in  fables,  — 
volpe,  Mother  fox.  4.  (fam.)  death  ; 
Quando  vien  la  Comare  di  riffi  o  di 
raffi  bisogna  andare,  when  Mother 
Death  calls  we  must  jolly  well  go. 

5.  II  cencin  della  — ,  a  parlour  game. 

6.  Fare  alle  -i,  children's  game  of  pre- 
tending to  go  on  a  visit  to  see  a  friend 
who  has  had  a  baby. 

*  i.    woman   witness   to   a   marriage,     ii.    (_/rt;«.) 
malarial  fever,     iii.    midwife. 

*  Comare  vb.  (L.,  ///.  to  provide  with  something 
like  hair,<c0wa  =  Gr.  jcop.i?,  hair);   to  give  a  false 
colour  to  things. 

tComarelle/;  //.;  Fare  alle  — ,  v.  Comare  (6). 

Comar-ina  dim.  vezz.,  *  -occiasprfg.,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg. ,  of  -e. 

Comasco ;  Comascan,  of  Como  in  north  Italy. 
* Comasta  m. ;  feaster,  ?'.  Como,  Comizzare. 
*Coma-tore  m.t  -trice./;;  deceivtr. 


Comatula/;  feather  star,  a  genus  of  echino- 
derms. 

*Comazzonte  w.;  i.g.  Comasta. 

Combaciamento  m.\  close  contact,  or  point  of 
contact. 

Combaci-are ;  i.  to  fit  closely. 
2.  (geom.)  —  una  curva,  of  a  circle, 
to  be  the  "circle  of  curvature"  (at  a 
given  point  of  the  curve).  *-arsi,  to 
kiss  each  other. 

"Combagiamento  /«.;  =  Combaciamento. 

"Combarbio  »/.;  cross-roads. 

Combattente  m.\  i.  combatant.  2.  =Gam- 
betta,  ruff  (the  bird). 

Combatt-cre  perf.  combattei;  to  fight.  *to 
attack.  Aff.  -imento,  -itore  i.q.  -ente  (t). 

*Combiatare;  =  Accomiatare,  to  dismiss  court- 
eously. 

*Combibbia/;;  i.  drinking  together,  ii.  =Lega, 
friendship,  iii.  =Accordo.  iv.  -  Macchinazione. 

*  Combinay^;  =  Gombina,  fastening. 
Combin-are  ind.  combfrio;  to  combine,     -arsi, 

to  happen.     A&.  -abile,  -abilita,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Combinazi6ne  ;  i.  combination. 
2.  chance  ;  Lo  seppi  per  — ,  I  came 
to  know  it  by  a  chance;  Una  pura  — •> 
a  pure  coincidence  ;  Per  — ,  us  it 
happened;  Se  per  --  lo  incontri,  if 
you  happen  to  meet  him.  *marriage. 

Combrfccola  /  (It.  con,  briccola); 
I-  gang  of  rogues.  2.  merry  party  of 
friends.  3.  coterie,  clique. 

Combriccol6ne  m.;  frequenter  of  Combriccole. 

*  Combuglio  m.;  =  GombugHo,  confusion. 
*Comburere  per/,  combussi,  part,   combusto; 

to  burn. 

Combust. ibile,  -ibilita;  as  E. 

Combustibne/l;  i.  combustion.  2.  confusion, 
revolt. 

Combutta  /  (It.  con,  buttare) ;  con- 
fused heap. 

C6me  (L.  quomodd)\  \.  so,  as,  like. 
2.  how;  II  — ,  the  manner.  3.  E  — , 
I  should  think  so  indeed!  4.  —  vien 
viene,  or  —  va  va,  no  matter  how. 
5.  -  -  Dio  voile,  at  last.  6.  Oggi 
com'  oggi,  or  Ora  com'  ora,  just  to- 
day, just  now.  7.  Com'  e  —  non  e, 
no  one  knows  why. 

Comecche  or  Come  che ;  although. 

Com6nto,  Chime*nto  m. ;  i.  (mar.) 
seam  between  the  planks  of  a  ship. 

2.  i.q.  Commento. 

*ComenzayC;  beginning. 

*  Comere  (L.,<  cuml  emeret  to  take,  v.  Esempio); 
to  adorn, 

Come'ta  f.  (L.,<Gr.  KO/A^TTJS < KO^XTJ,  hair); 
i.  comet.  2.  white  comet-shaped  patch  on  a  horse's 
head.  *  a  card  game,  "t  =  Cervo,  Icite. 

Comiato  ;  v.  Commiato. 

Cbmica  / ;  action,  in  delivering  a 
speech ;  Ha  molta  —  costui,  that  chap 
speaks  with  great  assurance. 

Cdmic-o  (L.,<Gr.  KWJIOS,  banquet);  comic. 
AJjf,  -umente. 

*  Comidare ;  =  Accomodare,  to  suit. 

Coiuignolo  m.  (L.  culmineus)  ;  I. 
ridge  of  a  roof,  or  beam  which  forms 
the  ridge  of  the  frame.  2.  ridge-tile. 

3.  top  of  a  stack. 

Gominci-are  (L.  cum,  initiare) ;  to 
begin.  Aff.  -amento. 

Cominella  f.\  fennel  flower,  v.  Erba  (145). 

Etym.     It.  comino,  to  which  plant  it  is  some- 
what like,  though  Cominella  belongs  to  the  Ranun' 
cutaceae,  and  Comino  to  the  Umbeilifcrae. 
*Cominiay;;  an  old  variety  of  olive. 

Cominiano;  printed  by  the  Comini  of  Padua. 

Comino  (Cumino)  /«.  (L.  <  Gr.  <  Hebrew) ; 
(bot.)  i.  cumin,  Cuminum,  or  cumin  seed.  2.  — 
nostrale,  great  bishop's  weed,  Ammi  majus,  also 


COMISSAZIONE— COMPARE 


163 


/    (L.)  ;    troop,    party, 


termed  Rizomolo,  Rindomalo.  3.  —  silvestre,  La- 
goecia,  4.  —  tedesco  coltivato,  common  caraway, 
Carum  canti. 

'Comissazione(Comessazione)/;  (L.);  revelry. 

Comitato  m.  (L.)  ;  committee. 

*Comite  m.  (L.);  gentleman  in  waiting. 

Comitiva 

cortige. 

*  Comito  ;«.  ;  i.  captain  of  a  large  ship.    ii.  boat- 
swain,     iii.  —  reale,  senior  captain  of  the  fleet. 

Comiziale  ;  i.  Giorni  —  ,  election  day  in 
ancient  Rome.  2.  Morbo  —  ,  epilepsy.  3.  Verso  —  , 
verse  ending  in  the  middle  of  a  word  which  was 
continued  at  the  beginning  of  the  next  verse. 

Comlzio  m.  (L.);  I.  meeting,  elec- 
toral assembly.  2.  --  agrario,  agri- 
cultural society. 

*  Comizzare  (Comeggiare);  to  guzzle. 
C6mma  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  Kofifta,  KOTTTW, 

to  cut)  ;  i.  =  Inciso,  parenthetic  clause. 

2.  (Iff.)    paragraph.       3.     (»ius.)    the 
shortest   of   the    divisions   into   which 
the    interval    between     two    notes    is 
divided.     *=Virgola,  comma. 

*  Commadrey?  (bit.  commater,  <  L.  cum,  mater)  ; 
=  Comare,  godmother. 

*  Commaginazione  yC;  vivid  imagination. 

Comruallevadore  m.  ;  joint  bail. 

*  Commando  in.  ;  rope  of  poor  quality. 
'Commeato  m.  (L.);  provisions  for  an  army. 

Commedi-ay:  (L.  <  Gr.)  ;  comedy.  The  term 
was  applied  by  Dante  to  his  poem  because  it  begins 
with  horrors  and  ends  with  joy. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ante,  -etta  dim.,  -na  comedy 
for  children,  -ugrafo,  -i61a  simple  kind  of  comedy, 
-ona  splendid  comedy,  -one  heavy  comedy,  -uccia 
sprtf. 

Computing  f.  (from  Commelyn,  a  Dutch 
botanist);  (bot.)  spider-wort,  Commelyntt. 

Commemor-abile,  -are,  -ativo,  -azidne; 
as  E. 

Commenda  /  (bit.  commenda,  <  L. 
commendare,\.o  consign);  i.  title,  rights, 
or  stipend  (if  any)  belonging  to  a 
member  of  an  Order  of  chivalry,  v. 
Ordine.  2.  the  place  where'  the  Master 
of  the  Order  resides,  or  has  his  office. 

3.  (eccl.)    commendam,   a    manner   of 
holding  a  benefice  until  a  proper  pastor 
was  provided  to  hold  it  permanently. 

Commend-abile,  -are;  as  £. 

Commendatario  m.;  i.  founder  of 
a  Commenda,  the  stipend  of  a  member 
of  an  Order.  2.  one  who  succeeds  to 
the  rights  of  the  founder. 

Commendatizi-a  /;  letter  of  re- 
commendation, or  simply,  recommenda- 
tion. Aff.  -o  adj. 

Commendatbre  m.;  knight  of  an 
Order  of  chivalry,  v.  Ordine. 

Commendevol-e;  praiseworthy.    Aff.  -mente. 
Commend-ina    dim.,    -6na    attgin.,   -uccia 
*>«£•.  of  -a- 

Commensale  m.\  \.  guest.  2.  table 
companion. 

*CommensazioneyT;  gluttony. 

Commensur-abile,  -abilita;  as  E. 

Commentare  ind.  commento  (L.,  <  citmt  men. 
tern)  :  to  comment  on. 

Aff.  Comment-arie'tto  dim.  ,  -ario,  -atore. 

Commento  m.;  i.  comment.  2.  (mar.)  —  Co* 
mento,  seam. 

Comment  uccio  »t.  ;  spreg.  Commento. 

Commerci-abile  saleable,  -ale  -almente  as 
E.,  -ante  m.;  tradesman,  -are  to  trade. 

Commercio  m.  (L.,<cum,  mercem,  wares); 
i,  commerce.  2.  the  commercial  classes,  traders. 

*  Commescere  ;  =  Mischiare,  to  mix. 
Commessa/;  "lay"  (of  a  rope). 

*Commessazioney.;  gluttonous  debauchery. 

*  Commesseria  (Commessaria,  Commissaria)  f.  ; 
mission,  special  duty  ;  cp.  Commissariato. 

*  Commessione/  ;  i.  =  Commissions.  ii.  junction. 


Commdsso  «.  :  i.  clerk;  Primo — , 
head  clerk ;  —  viaggiatore,  commercial 
traveller  ;  —  di  polizia,  police-agent. 

2.  Lavoro  di  — ,  or  simply  Commesso, 
mosaic  work.     3.  as  part.,  v.  Commet- 
tere.     *  boarder. 

Commessura  / ;  junction. 

Commestibili  in.  pi.  (blt.,<L.  comtstus< 
comederc  <  cum,  edere,  to  eat) ;  eatables. 

Commestione  f. ;  Unica  — ,  (tccl.)  the  one 
meal  allowed  on  a  fast-day. 

Comm6tt-ere  perf.  commisi  or  pop. 
commdssi,  part,  commesso,  *commiso ; 

1.  to  fit  together  or  intr.  to  meet ;  Queste 
imposte  non  commettono,  these  shutters 
do  not  meet  properly.     2.   to  commit. 

3.  to  entrust,  to  commission ;  -ersi  a  un 
cimento,  to  expose  oneself  to  a  risk. 

4.  to  "lay"  (a  rope). 

Commettimale  m.;  mischief-maker. 

Commettit6re  «/.;  7*.  Commettere. 
Commettituray;;  union,  v.  Commettere  (i). 
•Commezz-amento  or  -o  m. ;  bisection. 

Commiato  (Comiato)  m.  (L.  com- 
meatus,  <  commeare  =  cum,  meare,  to 
come  and  go);  leave-taking.  Dar  — , 
to  discharge.  *unkind  reception,  re- 
pulse. 

Conimilitone  tit. ;  fellow-soldier. 

Commin-arc  ind.  commino;  to  threaten.  Aff. 
-aturia  jd. ,  -aturio,  -azione. 

*  Comminute;    i.    ground   to  powder,     ii.    re- 
duced to  nothing. 

Commiser-are  ind.  commisero;  -azi6ne  as  E. 
Commissaria  f.\  wife  of  a  commissioner., 

Commissariato  ;//. ;  residence,  or 
office,  or  official  duty,  of  a  Commis- 
sario. 

Commiss<tri-o  ;«.;  i.  commissioner. 

2.  in  parliamentary  debates,  the  member 
who  has  charge  of  a  bill  on  behalf  of  the 
Government,    3.  A  ogni  tornata  di  — , 
an  expression  used  adverbially  of  things 
which  are  very  slow  in  coming.     Aff. 
-uccio  pegg. 

Commissionario  in.;  agent  who  sells 
goods  on  commission. 

Commissi6n-e  f.;  as  E.  Uscir  di  — ,  to  dis- 
obey orders.  *  =  Commettitura,  joining.  Aff.  -cella 
dim.,  -ui:cia  dint,  spreg. 

Commissuray;;  =  Commettitura,  joining. 

Commisto;=:  Mescolato,  mixed. 

*  Commisura  f.\  proper  proportion  of  parts. 

Committ^nte  m. ;  one  who  sends 
goods  to  be  sold  on  commission.  Im- 
prenditore  — ,  one  who  lets  out  sub- 
contracts. 

*  Commor-are  ;  to  abide.    *  -azione ;  rhetorical 
pause. 

Commdsso;  part.  Commovere. 
*Commoto;  excited. 

Comm6vere  perf.  commossi,  part. 
commosso,  *commoto;  to  move,  affect. 

Commozi6n-e/T;  perturbation,  v.  Emozione. 
Aff.  -cella  dim. 

*Communire;  to  confirm. 

Commut-abile,  -are,  -azione;  as  E. 
*Como  ;H.  (Gr.  KU/AO;);  revellers  going  out  to 
not  in  the  streets. 


p.  <  Comodo) ;  chest 


Comb  m.  (s 
of  drawers. 

Comod-amente  adv. ;  -are,  to  suit. 
Comodato  m. ;    (leg.)  contract  for  gratuitous 
hire  of  an  article. 

Comodfnow. ;  i.  pedestal  cupboard. 
2.  (theat.}  drop-scene,  let  fall  between 
the  acts  ;  the  curtain  dropped  at  the 


close  of  the  play  is  Sipario.  Far  or 
Servire  da  — ,  fain,  to  make  oneself 
useful  in  some  questionable  way. 

Coinodita/;  i.  convenience;  (Casa) 
con  tutte  le  — ,  very  convenient,  e.g.  near 
the  station,  well  supplied  with  water  and 
so  on.  2.  opportunity,  convenient  time. 

Cbmodo  (L.) ;  i.  comfortably  off. 
2.  iron,  easy-going,  referring  to  one 
who  does  things  in  a  very  leisurely 
fashion.  3.  of  things,  comfortable, 
convenient ;  of  a  dress,  easy  fitting,  or 
iron.,  too  large.  4.  State  — !,  i.e.  don't 
get  up,  or  keep  your  hat  on,  etc.  As 
so. :  5.  convenience;  Far  — ,  to  be 
convenient ;  Come  si  fa  a  prestare  i 
libri  che  posson  far  sempre  — ,  how 
can  one  lend  books  which  may  come 
in  useful  at  any  time  ?  6.  Faccia  il  suo 
— ,  you  are  welcome  to  do  as  you  say ; 
but  Faccia  il  —  suo  is  rather  ironical, 
of  course  you  must  have  everything 
your  own  way ;  or  it  may  be  equivalent 
to  Faccia  la  pace  sua,  v.  Pace  (9). 
7.  Essere  in  — ,  to  be  ready.  8.  Andare 
in  — ,  to  go  in  a  carriage ;  Ho  preso  il 
— ,  I  came  in  a  carriage.  9.  fam.  privy. 

Comod6ne»2.;  i.  augm.  Comodo  (2). 
2.  scherz.  splendid  opportunity. 

Comoduccio  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Comodo  (5). 

Compaesano  m.;  from  the  same  part 
of  the  country. 

*Compagey^;  i.  =  Compagine.     ii.  density,  D. 
Par.  13.  6. 

Compdgine/  (L.,<compingere,  com- 
pactus);  union,  closely-fitting  joint. 

Compagna  f. ;  female  companion, 
wife.  Aver  —  la  sorte,  la  fortuna  in 
un'  impresa,  to  be  fortunate  in  an 
undertaking. 

*i.  =Compagnia.  ii.  (mar.) steward's  store-room 
in  a  galley. 

Compagn-accio  in. ;  pegg.  of -o. 
*  Compagn-esco  ;    i.  =-evole.      ii.    Amore  — , 
matrimonial  affection,   iii.  Guerre  -esche,  civil  wars. 
Compagn-evole;  sociable.     Aff.  -evolmente. 

Compagnfa/  (It.  compagno) ;  com- 
pany. Cavaliere  di  — ,  gentleman  in 
waiting.  Far  libro  di  — ,  i.e.  to  make 
both  ends  meet,  when  the  financial  year 
is  up. 

Compagn-ino  in.;  i.  dim.  vczz.  -o.  2.  dim. 
in  bad  sense. 

Compagniucciay:;  dim.  spreg.  Compagnia. 

Compagno  m.  (bit.  companium,  cotn- 
panio<.cum,  panis,  bread,  v.  Littrd,  sub 
Compagnon,  Skeat,  sub  Company) ; 
companion,  mate.  As  adj.,  alike. 

Compagn6ne  m.;  boon  companion. 

Compagnuccio  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Compagno. 
*Compago  /«.;  =  Compagine. 

Companatico  (Companaggio)  m.  (L. 
cum,  panis,  bread);  victuals  eaten  with 
bread. 

Compar-abile,  -are  ind.  compare ;  as  E. 
*Comparaggio  w/.;  =  Comparatico. 

Comparatico ;«. ;  office  of  godfather. 

Compar-ativamente,  -ativo,  -azioncclla 
(dim.  of -azione),  -azibne;  comparatively,  etc. 

Compare  m.  (mlt.  compater,<\*.  cum, 
pater);  \.  godfather;  Restare  — ,  to 
make  a  loan  and  not  be  repaid.  2.  in 

21 2 


164 


COMPARENTE— COMPIETA 


fables,    --   lupo,   daddy   wolf.     3.    ac- 
complice.    4.  fain,  friend. 

Comparente  m. ;  (/*£•.)  party  to  an  action  ap- 
pearing in  court. 

Comparire  (Comparere)  ind.  com- 
parisco  or  compaio  comparisci  com- 
parisce  or  compare,  si  comparisce  for 
compariamo,  comparite  compaiono, 
perf.  comparii  (*comparitti)  comparsi 
wcomparvi  comparisti  compari  (*com- 
paritte)  comparse  or  comparve  (with 
different  meanings,  -viz.  Compart  as 
infra,  No.  3,  Comparve  he  made  his 
appearance,  Comparse  he  attended  in 
court)  comparimmo  compariste  com- 
parvero,  parts,  comparente  comparso 
*comparito  *comparutq ;  I.  to  appear, 
to  be  seen  more  or  less  unexpectedly, 
as  a  ghost,  or  as  the  swallows  in  spring. 

2.  to  attend  in  court  either  as  plaintiff 
or  defendant  or  witness.     3.    to  seem 
rich,  beautiful,  etc.,  or  to  make  oneself 
conspicuous   for   one's   riches,   beauty, 
etc.;  Voglio  comparire,  I  want  to  look 
smart  ;   the  more  usual  way,  however, 
of  expressing  this  would  be  Non  voglio 
scomparire.     So,  in  reference  to  speed 
of  work,  L'  ago,  bambina  mia,  non  ti 
comparisce,  you  are  not  working  very 
quickly,   my   little   girl.      Similarly,    11 
viaggio,  la   strada  comparisce,  i.e.  he 
travels  very  fast.     A  quella  donna  la 
calza  le  comparisce,  that  woman  is  very 
quick  at  knitting. 

*  Compariscenzay; ;  beauty,  striking  appearance. 

Comparita  /;  i.  striking  appear- 
ance. 2.  Far  — ,  to  suffice;  Un  brin- 
celluccio  di  carne  che  non  fa  punta  — , 
a  tiny  scrap  of  meat  that  is  not  nearly 
enough  ;  II  grano,  mietuto,  sull'  aia  non 
fece  quella  —  che  s'  aspettava,  the  grain 
when  thrashed  out  did  not  come  up  to 
the  quantity  expected  when  it  was  har- 
vested ;  II  lavoro  gli  fa  — ,  he  has  enough 
work. 

*i.  =Spettacolo.     ii.  appearance. 

Comparizidne  /  ;  appearance  in 
court.  Un  mandato  di  — ,  a  mandate 
from  the  judge  to  appear ;  this  mandate 
deprives  the  person  affected  of  certain 
civil  rights  until  he  is  released. 

Comparone  in.;  augm.  Compare. 

Comparsa  /;  i.  appearance;  La 
prima  —  di  un  cantante  sulla  scena, 
the  first  appearance  of  a  singer  on  the 
stage;  La  —  del  generale  in  quella 
citta,  the  arrival  of  the  general  in  that 
city.  2.  appearance,  look ;  Quel  vestito 
non  &  di  gran  costo  e  pure  fa  la  sua  — , 
that  dress  costs  little,  but  it  looks  well ; 
Per  essere  il  drappo  tanto  ricco,  quel- 
1'  abito  fa  una  meschina  — ,  considering 
the  richness  of  the  material  that  dress 
does  not  look  at  all  well;  Far  bella 
o  brutta  —  nel  mondo,  to  follow  an 
honourable  or  a  low  occupation. 

3.  (theat.)  in  pi.,  actors  who  have  no 
part  to  speak,  but  merely  appear  for 
stage  effect.     Sojig.  lo  non  ci  ho  che 
far  nulla  nelle  loro  deliberazioni,  ci  sono 
per  — ,    I    take  no  part   in   their  dis- 
cussions, but   am   there  simply  in  at- 
tendance.    4.  Cose  di  — ,  things  with 


a  fine  outside  show  but  little  reality 
underneath.  5.  (leg.)  summons;  Dare 
una  —  ad  uno,  to  summons  him ;  Egli 
continuamente  m'  ingiuriava  si  che  ando 
a  finire  che  gli  diedi  una  — ,  he  was 
always  abusing  me  until  at  last  I  took 
out  a  summons  against  him.  *petition 
for  some  privilege. 

Comparso;  part.  Comparire. 

Compartecip-are,  -azibne,  -e;  to  partici- 
pate, etc.  In  compartecipazione,  on  joint  account. 

Compartiment-o  in. ;  division,  compartment. 
I  -i  della  Francia,  the  departments  of  France. 
*  =  Collocazione,  distribution  (of  words). 

Compart-ire  ind.  -o  or  -isco,  perf.  -ii;  i.  to 
divide.  2.  to  bestow.  *  Ben  -ito  delle  membra, 
well  formed. 

Compass-are  ;  to  measure  with 
compasses.  -  le  parole,  to  speak  in 
measured  language.  Uomo  -ato,  pre- 
cisian. AJf.  -atame'nte. 

Compassion-are,  -e,  -evole,  -evolmente; 
to  pity,  etc. 

Compass-o  m. ;  i.  pair  of  compasses. 
2.  Avere  il  —  negli  occhi,  to  be  a  good 
judge  of  distances.  3.  —  a  grossezze, 
calipers,  compasses  bent  inwards  at  the 
points  for  measuring  the  dimensions 
of  solid  bodies. 

*i.  Romper  il  — ,  to  break  out  into  excesses, 
ii.  round  hole  in  a  wall.  iii.  round  place  in  a 
coverlet,  for  a  design,  iv.  map.  v.  —  delte  rota- 
zioni,  a  kind  of  mariner's  compass,  vi.  distribution 
of  colour  or  design  made  in  circles ;  Purpurea  seta  la 
(bara)  coprta  che  d'  oro  e  di  gran  perle  avea  -i  altieri, 
the  bier  was  covered  by  a  wrapper  ornamented  with 
splendid  circles  of  gold  and  great  pearls,  Ariosto,  Orl. 
Fur.  43.  176. 

Etyin.  mlt.  compassus,  a  circuit,  v.  supra  (vi), 
<  L.  cioff,  passus,  a  step,  so  that  the  original  sense 
was  stepping  together,  of  which  Littre  quotes  an 
instance  in  early  French;  "Cil  a  cheval  e  cil  a  pie... 
Tjndrent  lor  eire  (their  going)  e  lor  compas  ke  1'un 
1'altre  rue  trespassont,"  he  on  horseback  and  he  on 
foot. ..marched  abreast. 

*Compastore  m.;  fellow  of  the  "Arcadia,"  at 
Rome. 

Compattbil-e  ;  i.  deserving  of  pity. 
2.  compatible.  Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Compatime'nto  m.  ;  i.  sympathy. 
2.  indulgence. 

Compat-ire  ind.  -isco  or  pop.  -o, 
perf.  -ii,  part,  -ito  ;  i.  to  pity,  to 
sympathise  with.  2.  to  regard  with 
indulgence ;  Farsi  a  — ,  to  put  up  with 
each  other's  shortcomings.  3.  to  re- 
gard with  pitying  contempt;  Farsi  — , 
to  make  a  pitiful  exhibition  of  oneself. 

*i.  to  suffer  ill  common  with.     ii.  to  excuse. 

Compatri6tt-a  in.  or^I,  or  pop.  -o  m.;  fellow- 
countryman. 

Compatrdn-o  ttt.t  -a  f.\  joint  patron  or  joint 
patron  saint. 

Compatt-o ;  compact.    Aff.  -dzza. 

*Compeditp;  with  the  feet  chained  up. 

Compendi-o  in.  (L.  compendium,  orig.  weigh- 
ing together,  hence,  abridgment);  compendium. 
Morire  in  — ,  to  die  after  a  very  short  illness. 

AJf.  -are  vb.,  -atore.  -no  dim.  vesz.,  -osame'nte, 
-osita,  -oso,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Compenetr-are  ind.  compenetro;  lo  inter- 
penetrate. Aff.  -£bile,  -azione. 

Compens-abile,  -are,  -atdre,  -atrice;  v.  -o. 

Compensazi6ne  /".;  as  £. 

Compens-o  m. ;  i.  compensation  : 
—  di  stallia,  demurrage.  2.  expedient, 
device  ;  Cose  di  — ,  substitutes  kept 
ready  in  case  of  default  of  the  usual 
provisions  ;  Non  c'  e  — ,  it  is  impossible 
to  make  good  the  loss ;  Dove  c'  e  degli 
uomini,  c'  e  dei  -i,  as  long  as  the  men 
are  forthcoming,  the  loss  can  be  re- 


paired.   3.  (mar.)  in  naval  construction  ; 
-i,  substitute  or  assistant  frames. 

Cdmpera ;  v.  Compra. 

*  Cornperto  ;  =  Scoperto,  discovered. 

*  Compesare ;  =  Compensare. 

*  Compessere  ;=  Frenare,  to  restrain. 

Competente;  i.  competent.  2.  suit- 
able. Aff.  -me'nte. 

Competenz-a  / ;  i.  (leg.)  com- 
petence. 2.  competence,  generally ; 
Questo  non  e  di  tua  — ,  this  is  not  in 
your  line.  3.  Esserci  — ,  to  be  on  an 
equality  ;  Tra  quel  gigante  e  quel- 
P  omuccio  non  c'  e  — ,  there  is  no  equality 
of  conditions  between  that  huge  man 
and  that  little  chap;  Mettersi  or  Stare 
a  — ,  to  stand  upon  an  equality;  O  non 
si  vuol  metier  a  —  co'  suoi  genitori, 
surely  he  will  not  put  himself  equal  to 
his  parents !  4.  in  //.,  fees,  allowances ; 
Quali  sono  le  sue  -e,  how  much  are  his 
fees?  5.  rivalry;  Chi  far&  un  modello 
che  vaglia  a  star  col  vero  a  — ,  who 
can  make  a  model  to  rival  nature? 

Com-petere  ind.  -peto,  perf.  -petdi 
-pete'sti  -pete,  parts,  -petendo  -petente, 
there  is  no  past  part.;  I.  to  belong;  Solo 
al  popolo  compete  il  diritto  di  modificare 
la  lingua,  the  right  of  modifying  a 
language  belongs  only  to  those  who 
speak  it.  2.  to  compete.  3.  to  dis- 
pute. *=Convenire. 

Competi-t6re  ;«.,  -trice_/C;  i.  rival.  2.  com. 
petitor. 

Compiacente ;  obliging.  Aff.  -me'nte. 

Compiacenza/;  i.  satisfaction.com- 
placency.  2.  goodness.  3.  Peccati  di 
— ,  indulgence  in  sinful  thoughts. 

*  flattery.     Andare  a  — ,  to  flatter. 

Compiac-ere  (for  conjug.,  v.  Piacere) ; 
to  please,  -ersi,  to  be  willing. 

*  i.  to  allow,    ii.  to  give. 

Compiacimeuto  m. ;  i.  pleasure. 
2.  consent. 

Compiaciuto ;  part.  Compiacere. 

*  Compiagare  ;=  Piagare  ugualmente. 

Com-piangere  (Compagnere)  perf. 
-piansi,  part,  -pianto  ;  to  pity. 

*  i.  to  bewail,     ii.  -piangersi,  to  complain. 

Compianto  /«.;  pity. 

Compicciare  (for  **Compitiare,  a 
secondary  form  of  Compitare,  to  spell) ; 
O  santo  cielo  non  compicci  nulla ! 
bless  my  soul !  you  never  do  anything 
properly.  Qualcosina  compiccia !  do 
try  and  do  something  right !  O  ma 
belle  che  le  compicci,  what  glorious 
lies  you  are  telling! 

Compiegare  ind.  compiego;  to  en- 
close. 

Compiere ;  =  Compire,  to  supply. 

Compiet-a  /.  (L.  completa,  sc.  dies) ; 
compline,  the  last  of  the  canonical 
hours,  v.  Canonico  (3).  Ha  smesso 
di  dir  vespri  e  -e,  i.e.,  he  has  resigned 
his  Orders.  Gli  ho  cantato  un  vespro 
e  una  — ,  fig.  I  told  htm  very  plainly. 
Tu  m'  hai  a  cantare  un  vespro  e  una 
— ,  what  you  are  saying  is  altogether 


COMPIETARE— COMPUTARE 


165 


vexatious  and  unjust.     Esser  arrivato  a 
— ,  to  be  advanced  in  years. 

*i.  Sonar  —  innanzi  nona,  to  put  the  cart  before 
the  horse,  ii.  La  —  delle  mie  sventure,  the  height 
of  my  misfortunes. 

*Compietare;  =  Compiangere. 

*  Compigli-are  ;  i.  =Comprendere,  to  embrace. 
Si.  =Compilare,  to  compile  an  account  of.     Hi.   -arsi, 
to  congeal. 

"Compiglio  m.  (corr.  of  L.  cvbile);  beehive. 

Compil-are  ind.  compile  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  to  compile. 

_  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -azioricella  dint,,  -azione, 
-ajrionuccia  dim.  spreg. 

Compimento  m.  ;  i.  conclusion. 
2.  A  — ,  as  a  supplement. 

*Compinto  ;  =  Spinto,  moved. 

Compire  or  Cdmpiere  ind.  compio 
or  compisco  compi  or  compisci  compie 
or  compisce  compiamo  compite  com- 
piono  or  compiscono,  per/,  compii,  subj* 
compia  or  compisca,  part,  compito  or 
compiuto  (L.  complere,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Complete);  i.  to  complete,  to  accom- 
plish. 2.  Part.  Compito,  v.  infra,  in 
loco. 

tCompistare  ;  =  Questionare,  to  dispute. 

*  Compita /. ;  =  Compimento,  fulfilment. 

*  Compitaf-e  (L.) ;  relating 


of  the  crossways. 


ig  to  the  guardian  gods 
i,  festival  to  these  gods. 


Compitame'nte ;  politely. 

Compit-are  ind.  cdmpito  (L.  compu- 
tare) ;  to  spell  out.  Su !  compita,  come .' 
spell  it  out.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Compite'zza  f.  ;  politeness,  good 
manners.  *  fulfilment. 

Compft-o ;  i.  accomplished,  well- 
bred,  gentlemanly  ;  -a,  ladylike,  v. 
Compiuto.  2.  {math.)  Equazione  -a, 
i.e.  with  no  term  missing,  according 
to  its  degree. 

C6mpito  m.  (variant  of  C6mputo) ; 
i.  task.  2.  A  — ,  (a)  in  barely  sufficient 
quantity;  In  quella  casa  danno  il  man- 
giare  a  — ,  in  that  house  they  barely 
give  you  enough  to  eat;  (6)  with  re- 
serve ;  Con  questa  gente  bisogna  parlare 
a  — ,  in  talking  to  these  people  one  has 
to  be  careful. 

•i.  Avere  il  — ,  to  be  a  slave,  ii.  Dare  il  —  a 
uno,  to  rule  him  with  severity,  iii.  =  Compute,  cal- 
culation, iv.  Leggere  a — ,  =  Compitare. 

•Compitore  m.;  finisher. 

Compiutame'nte ;  fully. 

Compiuto  (part.  Compire) ;  com- 
pleted. The  difference  between  Com- 
piuto and  Compito  is  roughly  that 
between  completed  and  complete.  Idea 
compiuta,  a  completed  idea,  brought  to 
perfection.  Uomo  compito,  a  thorough 
gentleman.  Completo  means  complete 
in  all  its  parts,  with  no  part  missing. 

*  i.  full  (moon),    ii.  grown-up(man).    iii.  =  Empito, 
filled,     iv.  As  s6.,=  Compimento. 

•  Complantato  ;  (mttf.)  connate. 
Compleanno  >«.;  birthday. 
Complement-o    m.',    complement.     Aff.   -are 

adj, 

Complessi6n-e  / ;  constitution,  tem- 
perament. L'  anima  d'  ogni  bruto  e 
delle  piante  Da  complession  potenziata 
lira  Lo  raggio  e  il  moto  delle  luci 
sante,  the  virtue  of  the  stars  in  their 
courses  attracts  into  existence  the  vital 
force  of  every  creature  whether  animal 


or  plant  out  of  elementary  matter  or- 
ganised accordingly,  D.  Par.  7.  139.  See 
Vernon's  note  upon  the  passage. 

Aff.  -ato,  -uccia  spreg.,  sickly  habit. 

Complessita./;  complexity. 

Complessiv-am^nte  ;  on  the  whole. 
-0,  comprehensive. 

Complesso ;  i.  complex.  2.  sturdy ; 
Ragazzo  — ,  well-formed  lad.  As  sit. : 
3.  complex  mass.  In  — ,  as  a  whole. 

*  =Abbracciamento,  embrace. 

Complet-are  ;  to  complete.  -ivO;  comple- 
mentary. 

Completo;  complete.     Abito  — ,  suit  of  dittos. 

Completdrio ;  supplementary. 
*CompIettere  ;  =  Comprendere. 

Complic-anza  /".;  item  of  complication. 

Complic-are  ind.  complico  complichi;  to  com- 
plicate.  Ajf.  -azione. 

Cdmplic-e  m. ;  accomplice.  -ita  /.;  com- 
plicity. 

Compliment-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -are;  to 
compliment. 

Complimentario  ;  i.  person  who 
receives  the  guests  at  a  public  ball,  etc. 
2.  managing  partner  or  head-clerk  of  a 
business. 

Compliment-ino  in. ;  dim.  vezz.  of -o. 

Complime'nt-o  m.  (L.  complemen- 
tum) ;  i.  compliment.  2.  Far  — ,  to 
incur  unnecessary  or  unusual  expense 
in  giving  a  party.  In  this  phrase  there 
appears  the  original  sense  of  gratuity, 
which  the  word  itself  retains  in  the 
Neapolitan  dialect. 

*i.  Dar  — ,  to  make  over  in  its  entirety,  ii.  Avere 
il  —  in  un  nego/io,  to  have  full  powers,  iii.  Avere 
—  di  buona  giustizia,  to  obtain  complete  justice. 

Aff.  -osamente,  -osino  dim.  vezz.  of  -oso,  -oso 
full  ofcompliments,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*Compl-ire  ind.  compio;  i.  to  fulfil  (a  duty), 
ii.  to  set  out  in  full.  iii.  to  complete,  iv.  to  pay 
out  (money),  to  honour  (a  draft),  v.  =Tornar  bene, 
to  suit,  to  be  convenient,  vi.  =  Far  compliment!, 
v.  Complimento  (2).  vii.  part,  -ito,  =Cortese,  well- 
bred. 

Complott-o  m.  (Fr.);  plot.     Aff.  -are,  vb. 
Compluvio  m. ;  the  compluvium  of  an  ancient 
Roman  house  where  the  rain-water  was  collected  and 
conducted  to  the  impluvium. 

nent  part. 

iere) ; 

Componimento  m.;  i.  short  com- 
position, essay.  2.  settlement,  arrange- 
ment, 'calmness  of  demeanour. 

Com-p6rre  ind.  -pongo  -p6ni 
-poniamo,  perf.  -p6si  -pone"sti  -p6se, 
subj.  -ponga  pi.  -poniamo  or  pop. 
-ponghiamo,  part.  -p6sto  (L.  compo- 
nere) ;  to  compound,  make  up,  compose. 

Comport-are  ind.  comp6rto ;  to 
tolerate,  -arsi,  to  behave.  Aff.  -abile, 
-abilmdnte. 

Comp6rtow.;  i.  grace,  time  allowed 
beyond  the  due  date.  2.  allowance  for 
loss  of  weight  in  weaving. 

Compdsito ;  (arch.)  composite. 

Compos' itoio  ;«.;  (print.)  composing-stick. 

CompositAre  m. ;  i.  (print.)  compositor. 
2.  \tnus.)  composer. 

Composizidn-e/.;  composition.  Aff.  -cella, 
-cina  dims.,  -uccia  pegg. 

Compossess-i6ne,  -o,  -6re;  joint  owner- 
ship, etc. 

•Compossibile;  compatible. 

Compdsta/ ;  i .  =  Conserva.  2.  water 
with  oatmeal,  chopped  hay,  etc.,  for 
cattle. 

Compost-am6nte ;  calmly.  -6zza  f.  -, 
calmness. 


Compon^nte  m.;  component  part. 
*Cpmponicchiare(<#w.  spreg.  of  *Compon 
to  compose  slowly  and  with  difficulty. 


Com-p6ste  or  -p6site/  pi. ;  (bot.)Compositae. 
"Compostierayi;  dish  for  stewed  fruit. 

Compdsto ;  part.  Comporre.  As  sb., 
compound. 

C6mpra  / ;  a  purchase. 

Compr-are,  Comper-are  ind.  c6m- 
pro,  c6mpero  (L.  comparare;  therefore 
lit.  to  compare  before  buying) ;  to  buy. 
Aff.  -at6re, 

Comprave'ndita  f.;  bargain. 

Com-pr6ndere  perf.  -prdsi,  part. 
-prdso;  i.  to  comprise.  2.  to  under- 
stand. tS3'  To  understand,  simply,  is 
Capire  ;  Comprendere  is  to  understand 
and  appreciate. 

Comprendbnio  m. ;  scherz.  "  what 
you  are  pleased  to  call  your  mind." 
Uomo  di  poco  — ,  man  with  very  little 
gumption. 

Comprens-ibile  ;  comprehensible.     Aj£.  -ione. 

Comprensiva /;  faculty  of  understanding. 

Comprensiv-o;  comprehensive.    Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Comprensbre  m. ;  (theol.)  human  departed 
spirit  enjoying  the  Divine  Vision. 

Compreso ;  part.  Comprendere. 

Compressay;;  (sjtrg. )  compress. 

Compress-ibile;  compressible.    Aff.  -ibilita. 

CompressioncellayC;  dim.  Compressione  (A). 

Compressidneylj  (A)  compression.  *  =  Com- 
pressa.  *(B)  =  Complessione,  disposition. 

Compressivo;  compressory. 

Compresso ;  (A)  part.  Comprimere.  As  sb,, 
conciseness.  *(B)=  Complesso,  sturdy. 

*Compressoccio;  augm.  Compresso  (B),  very 
sturdy. 

Comprimario ;  (theat.)  adj.,  of  a 
part  almost  first. 

Comprimere  ind.  comprim-o  -i  -e 
-iamo  -dte  compn'mono,/(?r/C  com-pressi 
-primdsti  -presse  -primemmo  -prim^ste 
-pressero,  parts,  comprim-endo  -ente 
compresso  ;  i.  to  compress.  2.  fig.  to 
restrain.  *to  violate,  ravish. 

Comprom^sso  m.;  i.  appeal  to  ar- 
bitration. 2.  written  agreement  pre- 
liminary to  a  contract.  3.  Metier  in 
— ,  i.q.  Compromettere,  to  risk. 

Comprom^tt-ere ;  i.  to  risk,  to  com- 
promise; Non  si  doveva  a  patto  veruno 
—  la  liberta,  on  no  account  was  liberty 
to  be  endangered;  -ersi,  to  compromise 
oneself.  2.  Persona  da  -ersi,  con  cui  ci 
si  pu6,  or  pop.  che  ci  si  puo  — ,  a  person 
to  be  depended  upon;  -ersi  di  fare,  to 
feel  assured  of  one's  ability  to  do.... 
*to  refer  to  arbitration. 

Etym.  L.  compromittere,  to  make  a  mutual 
promise  that  the  decision  of  an  arbitrator  shall  be 
accepted. 

Compromissario  m.  ;  =  Arbitro,  ar- 
bitrator. 

Comproprieta/;  joint  possession. 

Comprov-are  ind.  comprovo ;  i.  to 
prove.  2.  to  approve.  Aff.  -abile. 

*Compto(L.);  handsome. 

Compulsoria/;  (leg.)  order  for  payment  of 
taxes. 

*Compungere;  testing. 

Compunt-o ;  remorseful,  grieved. 
Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Compunzidne  / ;  penitence. 

Comput-are  ind.  c&mputo ;  as  E. 
Etym.  L.  cum,  putare  <putus,  clean, 
root /to,  cp.purus.  Putare,  later,  meant 


1 66 


COMPUTISTA— CONCIARE 


to  clear  up ;  putare  rationem,  to  reckon 
up  an  account,  whence  computare,  to 
compute.  Aff.  -abile. 

Computist-a  m. ;  accountant.  Aff. 
-erfa  accountant's  office,  -ico  adj. 

C6mputo  m. ;  computation. 
Comunale;  communal. 
*i.  =Comune.     ii.  =  Affabile.     iii.  impartial. 
Comunanzayl;  community. 

Comune  (L.,<ciem,  munis,  ready  to 
serve,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Common);  I.  com- 
mon. Obbietto  — ,  v.  Oggetto.  As  sb. 
m.\  2.  II  —  delle  persone,  most  people. 
3.  commune,  municipality.  4.  Camera 
de'  Comuni,  the  British  House  of  Com- 
mons. 5.  (eccl.)  II  —  de'  martiri,  degli 
apostoli,  de'  confessori,  the  Office  of 
these  saints  when  there  is  no  special 
Office.  As  sb.  f. :  6.  La  Comune,  the 
Paris  Commune  of  1870,  after  the 
Franco-Prussian  war.  7.  an  indepen- 
dent republican  commune  such  as  were 
common  in  the  Middle  Ages,  but  of 
which  San  Marino  in  Italy  and  Andorra 
in  the  Pyrenees  are  the  only  examples 
left.  8.  town-hall;  Sposarsi  alia  — , 
to  be  married  at  the  town-hall.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Comunella/;  I.  Far  — ,  to  share 
out  (a)  what  is  not  worth  the  trouble 
of  dividing  carefully,  or  (6)  on  the  part 
of  thieves,  the  plunder  obtained.  2.  Con- 
vito  di  — ,  joint  picnic  or  party.  3.  mu- 
tual insurance  fund  against  losses,  e.g. 
by  cattle  disease. 

Comunello  m. ;  dim.  Comune,  small 
township. 

Comunic-abile ;  as  E.  *  affable, 
-ando  m. ;  person  receiving  the  Eucharist 
for  the  first  time,  -are ;  to  com- 
municate, in  all  senses ;  to  administer 
the  Sacrament  (to  the  sick),  -arsi;  to 
receive  the  Sacrament,  -ativa/;  faculty 
of  imparting  knowledge,  aptitude  for 
teaching,  -ativo  ;  communicative  (per- 
son), or,  of  a  disease,  catching,  -atbrio  m. ; 
window  in  a  convent  church  where  the 
nuns  communicate.  -azi6ne  f. ;  as  E. 
*-hino  m. ;  i.  sacramental  wafer,  ii.  = 
-atorio. 

Comuni6ne  f.;  communion.  *i.  sacramental 
wafer,  ii.  episcopal  letter  accrediting  a  priest. 

Comums-mo,  -ta;  as  E. 

Comunita  f.\  i.  municipality.  2.  town-hall. 
3.  religious  comniunity. 

Comunitativo ;  municipal. 

Comunque  (L.  quomodocunque) ; 
however.  *as  soon  as. 

C6n  (A)  (L.  cum) ;  with.  *(B)  for  com'  (come) ; 
like. 

*Conay7;  =  Ancona,  altar-piece. 

Conato  m.  (L.,  <  conor,  to  try,  frob.  contr.  of 
**co-uenor,  akin  to  O.H.G.  giwinttan,  to  obtain  by 
effort,  root  uen,  to  strive,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Win) ;  effort. 

C6nca  /  (L.,<Gr.;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Conch);  i.  large  earthen  washing-pot. 
2.  hollow  in  the  hills ;  La  —  d'  oro,  the 
valley  of  Palermo.  3.  --  fessa,  fig. 
sickly  person.  4.  any  kind  of  large 
open  vessel;  Trista  — ,  the  Inferno  of 
Dante.  5.  hollow  of  the  external  ear. 
6.  —  marina,  mussel-shell.  7.  conch- 
shell.  8.  (hydraul.)  lock-chamber. 

Concaio  m.;  washing-pot  maker. 


Concambio  m. ;  exchange. 

*Concamerare  (L.);  to  vault  (a  roof). 

Concamerazidne  f.;  i.  surface  forming  the 
frout  of  a  sound-wave.  2.  (zool.)  the  series  of  sepa- 
rate compartments  exhibited,  e.g.  by  the  shell  of  a 
nautilus. 

Concata  / ;  tubful  of  clothes. 

Concaten-amento,  -are,  -azione;  as  E. 

Coucattedrale ;  La  chiesa  di  Prato 
e  —  con  quella  di  Pistoia,  the  churches 
of  Prato  and  Pistoia  share  between  them 
the  privileges  of  one  cathedral. 

Concausa/;  contributory  cause. 

Concav-o;  concave.     Aff.  -ita. 

Concedere  perf.  conceded  concedetti 
or  concessi,  concede'sti,  concede  conce- 
dette  or  concesse,  concede'mmo,  conce- 
de'ste,  conceddrono  concedettero  or 
concessero,  part,  conceduto  or  con- 
cesso ;  of  the  alternative  forms  those  in 
ss  are  the  most  usual  ;  to  grant.  Dato 
e  non  concesso,  granting  for  the  sake  of 
argument  that....  Aff.  Concedfbile. 

Conceduto;  v.  Concedere. 

Concento  m. ;  harmony  of  voice  with 
instrument. 

Concentr-amento,  -are,  -azi6ne  (/.?.  -amen- 
to);  concentration,  etc. 

Concentric-o,  -amente;  as  E. 

Concep-ibile,  -imento;  v.  -ire. 

Concep-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  part,  concepito 
or  (Iff.)  concetto ;  to  conceive. 

Concer!a_/I;  tannery. 

Concernere,  no  perf.  or  past  part.;  to  concern. 
Etyni.  L.  Concernere,  to  mix,  in  late  L.,  to  refer  to, 
regard,  <  L.  con- ,  with,  ccrnere,  to  separate,  to  de- 
cree, to  observe,  cp.  Gr.  itpiveiv,  to  separate,  to 
decide,  Lithuan.  skir-ti,  to  separate,  to  distinguish, 
root  sker. 

Concertante  m. ;  performer  in  a  con- 
cert. As  adj.,  in  concert,  harmonious. 

Concertare  ind.  concerto ;  i .  to 
concert,  to  plan  together.  2.  -  -  un 
pezzo  di  musica,  to  arrange  the  orches- 
tration so  that  solos  come  alternately 
with  the  full  orchestra.  3.  —  un'  opera, 
to  conduct  the  rehearsals.  4.  intr.  to 
conduct  or  to  play  in  a  concert. 

Concertato ;  Pczzo  — ,  concert  piece. 
As  sb.,  concerted  arrangtment. 

Concert-atdre,  -atrice  ;  v.  -are. 
Concertina /.;  as  E. 

Concertino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Concerto,  z.  first 
violin  of  an  orchestra. 

Concertista  m.  or  / ;  professional 
concert-giver. 

Concerto  m. ;  i.  musical  concert. 
2.  (mus.)  harmony.  3.  exhibition  of 
playing  or  singing  by  some  professor 
or  one  of  his  pupils.  4.  concerted 
agreement. 

Etym.  According  to  most  authorities  <  L.  con- 
certare,  to  contend  warmly,  which  passed  over  into 
meaning  "to  agree,"  cp.  Span,  concertar,  to  settle  or 
adjust,  covenant,  bargain,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Concert. 
Pianigiani  suggests  derivation  from  L.  cottcentus 
passing  into  Concerto  under  the  attraction  of  con- 
serere,  consertus. 

Concessionario  /«.;  holder  of  a  concession. 

Concess-i6ne/;  concession.    Aff.  -ivo. 

Concesso ;  part.  Concedere. 

Concess<Sre  m.;  grantor. 

Conce'tta ;  proper  name,  from  Maria 
sine  labe  concepta. 

Concett-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -are ; 
to  frame  silly  conceits,  -ino  m.\  dim.  of 
-o.  -ivo;  conceptive.  -izzare;  to  invent 
verbal  conceits. 


Concetto  m. ;  I.  conception,  idea, 
conceit.  2.  maxim.  3.  opinion ;  Mori 
in  —  di  santo,  he  died  with  the  repu- 
tation of  a  saint. 

Concett-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of -o,  brilliant 
idea. 

Concettdsp;  i.  full  of  ideas.  2.  in 
bad  sense,  with  laboured  conceits. 

Concettuale;  ideal,  relating  to 
mental  conception. 

Concettualismo  m. ;  the  doctrine  of 
Abelard  purporting  to  reconcile  nomin- 
alism and  realism,  and  affirming  that 
there  is  no  existence  outside  the  human 
spirit. 

Concett-uccio;  dim.  spreg.  of  -o.  -uzzo; 
i.q.  -uccio,  but  more  contemptuous. 

Concezidney". :  conception. 

*  Concherere  ;  i.  =  Conquistare.     ii.  to  lament. 
Conch6tt-a,  -ina  :  dint.,  sub-dim,  of  Conca. 

*  Conchiarire;  to  show  clearly. 
*Conchiavato  ;  of  boards,  keyed  together. 

Cpnchlgl-ia/  (L.  conchylium,<Gr. 
Koyxv\iov) ;  shell-fish.  Aff.  -idtta  or 
-Ina  dims. 

Conchile  m. ;  =  Conchiglia,  shell-fish. 

Conchiliaceo  ;  full  of  shells. 
Conchiliologia  yi;  conchology. 
tConchillo  m.;  =  Conchiglia,  shell-fish. 
Conchina  _/!;  dint.  Conca,  washing-pot. 

Conchlno  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Conchina,  but 
smaller.  2.  pot  with  perforated  bottom 
for  preparing  lye  by  passing  watei 
through  wood  ashes  in  the  pot. 

Conchite  /. ;  =  Lumachella,  shell-marble. 
Conchiudere  ;  v.  Concmdere. 

Cdncia/  (It.  conciare);  i.  the  art 
or  practice  of  tanning,  v.  Conciatura. 
2.  tan,  the  liquid.  3.  usu.  in  //.,  tannery, 
lanyard.  4.  the  treatment  of  tobacco 
for  making  snuff. 

*  i.  Trattenere  in  —  uno,  =  Tenerlo  a  bada,  v.  Bada. 
ii.  Cacciare  in  —  uno,  Far  pigliare  a  uno  la  — ,  to 
laugh  at  him.     iii.  training  (a  hawk),     iv.  doctoring 
wine.    v.  dyeing  bath.    vi.  scenting  ;  Guanti  di  —  di 
Roma,  gloves  with  Roman  perfume,     vii.  fragrance 
acquired  by  the  wind  from  flowers. 

*  Conciabrocche  M. ;~Ramaio,  kettle-mender. 

Conciaia  f.  ;  =  Concimaia,  manure- 
pit. 

Conciaiblo  ;;/. ;  worker  in  a  tannery. 
Concialana  / ;  mattress-maker. 

Conci-are  ind.  concio  (** comptiare, 
freq.  of  L.  comere,  to  adorn,  <  co,  emere, 
to  take,  i.e.  to  gather  up,  viz.  the  hair) ; 
i.  to  dress  (skins),  to  tan  (hides);  —  a 
pelliccia,  to  dress  a  skin  so  as  to  keep 
its  fur.  2.  of  tobacco,  to  prepare  it  for 
making  into  cigars  or  snuff.  3.  of 
flax  or  hernp,  to  work  it  into  a  con- 
dition ready  for  spinning.  4.  fig.  to 
ill-use,  to  knock  about ;  —  uno  pel  di 
delle  feste,  to  give  him  a  good  thrashing, 
referring  presumably  to  the  treatment 
to  which  animals  were  subjected  when 
dragging  an  over  loaded  cart  on  a  feast 
day ;  —  nero  dalle  botte,  to  beat  black 
and  blue;  II  vaiolo  1'  ha  -ato  bene,  he 
has  been  deeply  marked  by  the  small- 
pox; II  maestro  lo  concera  bene  al- 
1'esame,  the  master  will  treat  him  pretty 
roughly  at  the  examination.  5.  to  spoil 
by  careless  use,  to  dirty  (a  new  book),etc. 
6.  -arsi,  to  get  dirty;  F.  andato  nella 


CONCIATETTI— CONDIRE 


167 


mota  e  s'  e  tutto  -ato,  he  went  into  the 
mud  and  got  all  covered  with  it. 

*i.  =  Acconciare,  to  adjust,  to  put  right,  ii.  to 
look  after  (a  horse),  iii.  to  trim  (a  lamp),  iv.  to 
remedy,  to  mend,  to  correct,  v.  =  Innamorare,  to 
inspire  with  love ;  —  male  uno  d'  una  cosa,  to  make 
him  wish  for  it.  vi.  to  train  (a  hawk),  vii.  to 
pacify;  -arsi,  to  be  reconciled,  viii.  to  castrate 
(animals),  ix.  to  wash  and  dress  (babies).  x._  to 
dress  fish,  olives,  etc. ,  for  preserving ;  to  treat  wine, 
whether  for  flavour  or  to  make  it  keep.  xi.  —  Di- 
grossare,  to  trim  (timber),  xii.  to  cut  (diamonds), 
xiii.  to  work  (marble),  xiv.  —  a  cardo,  to  give  the 
nap  to  cloth,  xv.  — •  un  tino,  un  vagello,  to  fill  a 
vat  with  dye.  xvi.  —  ossi,  (surg.)  to  set  (fractures), 
to  reduce  (dislocations),  xvii.  to  sift  (grain),  xviii.  to 
manure,  xix.  -arsi,  to  treat  oneself  medically. 
xx.  =  Imbecherare,  to  get  hold  of,  to  decoy,  xxi.  -arsi, 
to  take  service  with,  to  go  into  the  pay  of. 

Conciat^tti  m. ;  tiler  or  slater. 
Conciatdre  m. ;  tanner. 

Conciatura ;  v.  Conciare.  When  re- 
ferring to  the  tanning  of  hides  Concia  is 
the  term  usually  employed.  *birds'  food. 

•Concidere;  i.  to  cut  into  pieces,     ii.  to  kill. 
•Conciero  ;«.;  correction. 
Conciliabil-e,  -ita,  -m£nte;  reconcilable,  etc. 

Conciliabolo  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  thieves' 
council.  2.  (eccl.)  irregular  Church 
council,  not  summoned  by  any  proper 
authority,  conventicle. 

Cpncili-are;  i.  to  reconcile.  2.  to 
conciliate.  3.  to  procure  (sleep),  to 
arouse  (hunger),  to  excite  (merriment), 
to  conclude  (an  arrangement). 

Aff.  -amento,  v.  -are  (3),  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atrice, 
-azione.  Giudice  -atore,  analogous  to  the  English 
county-court  judge. 

Concflio  m.  (L.,<cu>n,  +  calare,  to 
summon,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Council; ;  council 
of  the  Church.  Congregazione  del  — , 
an  institution  founded  by  Pius  IV  for 
carrying  into  effect  the  decisions  of  the 
Council  of  Trent.  Tener  — ,  to  have  a 
grand  assemblage  about  nothing. 

*i.  all  the  faithful,  ii.  —  de'  Martin,  place 
where  martyrs'  relics  are  kept. 

Concime  m.  (from  the  same  stem  as 
Conciare  with  suffix  -me,  =  L.  suffix 
-men,  indicating  instrumentality)  ;  ma- 
nure. 

Aff.  Concim-aia  manure-pit,  -are  vb.t  -atore, 
•alora,  -atura  (the  action,  or  the  season  for  it), 
•azione. 

Concinno  (L.) ;  suitable,  harmonious. 
Concino  m.  (It.  conciare);  tan,  tan- 
ner's bark. 

C6ncio  (syncop.  of  Conciato) ; 
i.  tanned.  2.  dressed  (stone).  3.  knocked 
about,  badly  treated ;  —  dal  vino,  drunk. 

4.  Of  fruit,  spoilt;  of  writings,  corrected. 

5.  as  si.,  cattle-dung ;  Far  delle  parole 
—  or  fango,  to  disrrgard  one's  pledges. 

*  i.  Mai  —  de'  fatti  di,  in  love  with,  v.  Conciare  (v). 
ii.  =  Concimato,  manured,  iii.  candied  (fruit),  iv.  = 
Accordo,  peace;  A  buon  — ,  peaceably,  v.  In  or 
A  — ,  (a)  in  order,  ready,  (b)  =  Ristaurato,  repaired, 
vi.  Venire  in  — ,  to  be  suitable,  vii.  =  Corredo, 
outfit,  viii.  -  Concia  (2),  tan. 

•Con  ci6  era  cosa  che.  Con  cio  fosse  cosa 
che,  or  Concio  fosse  che;  as  adv.  i.  although, 
ii.  seeing  that,  inasmuch  as. 

•Conciolino  m.  ;  =  Intingolo,  stew. 

Couci6n-are  ind.  conci6no  (L.,  v. 
Condone);  to  declaim.  Aff.  -atdre, 
-atorio,  -atrice. 

Conci6ne/.  (L.  contio,  contr.  of  con- 
venlio) ;  i.  declamatory  speech.  2.  coun- 
cil. 


•Conciossiache,  Con  ci6  sia  cosa,  Con- 
ciossiacosa,  Conciossiecosa,  Con  ci6  sia  cosa 
che,  or  Conciossiacosache*  ;  as  adv.  although. 
Obsolete,  except  scherz.  or  iron. ,  in  ridicule  of 
sonorous  eloquence,  L'  eloquenza  del  Conciossiache. 
Concis-amente,  -i6ne,  -o;  concisely,  etc. 

Concist-6ro  (Consistoro,  -orio)  m. ; 
consistory,  meeting  of  cardinals  called 
by  the  Pope  to  discuss  matters  con- 
cerning faith.  Ajf.  -oriale. 

Concit-are  ind.  concito;  to  stir  up, 
to  arouse. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -atore,  -azione. 

Concittadin-o  m. ;  fellow-citizen.     Aff.  -anza. 
•Conciume  >«.;  — Concia  (2),  tan. 
*Conclamare;   to  call  loudly  for,  esp.  to  call 
out  the  name  of  the  deceased  as  a  funeral  ceremony 
in  ancient  Rome.     There  used  to  be  a  Conclama- 
zione  practised  at  the  funeral  of  the  Grand  Duke  of 
Tuscany. 

Conclay-e  m.  (L.  con,  clavis,  key);  conclave, 
private  meeting,  esp.  that  of  the  Cardinals  for  the 
election  of  a  Pope.    Aff.  -ista. 
*  Conclavio  »i. ;  inner  chamber. 

Conclud-ente ;  conclusive.  Aff.  -entemente, 
-enza. 

Con-cludere  or  Con-chiudere  perf.  -clusi  or 
•chiusi,  part,  -cluso  or  -chiuso  (L.);  to  conclude. 
*i.  =  Rinchiudere,  to  shut  up.  it.  Inchiudere,  to 
include. 

Conclusi-onacciay ;  pegg.  of -one. 

Conclusionale ;  (leg.)  Scrittura  — , 
document  containing  the  conclusions 
of  law  and  of  fact  in  some  suit,  v.  Con- 
clusione  (4). 

Conclusioncellay.;  dim.  Conclusione. 

Conclusi6n-e/. ;  i. conclusion.  2.  Non 
esserci  —  or  Esserci  poca  — ,  to  offer 
little  or  no  advantage,  to  have  nothing 
in  it ;  Parrebbe  un  Salomone  a  sentirlo: 
trattaci,  e  vedrai  che  non  c'  e  proprio' — , 
you  would  think  he  was  a  Solomon  to 
hear  him  talk,  but  if  you  get  to  close 
quarters  you  will  find  nothing  to  be  got 
out  of  him.  3.  Persona  or  Discorso 
senza  — ,  inconclusive,  unsatisfactory 
person  or  speech.  4.  In  legal  phrase- 
ology Conclusioni  are  the  propositions 
which  a  judge  is  asked  to  affirm,  or  the 
document  containing  them  ;  the  term  is 
applied  to  the  points  made  in  a  speech 
of  the  Public  Prosecutor  in  criminal 
cases  and  in  certain  civil  trials ;  not  to 
those  of  an  ordinary  advocate  which 
are  called  Conclusionali. 

Aff.  -uccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucola  dint.  pegg. 
Conclusiv-o;  conclusive.  Aff.  -amente. 
Conclus-o;  part.  Concludere. 

Conc6cere  or  Concudcere,  for  con- 
jugation v.  Cocere ;  i.  to  digest. 
2.  either  of  the  heat  of  summer  or  the 
cold  of  winter,  to  mature  (ground)  for 
cultivation.  3.  (ined.)lo  restore  (a  secre- 
tion) to  a  healthy  condition. 

Conc6idey;  (waf/t.)  conchoid  curve. 
*Concolay.;=Conchetta,  dish. 
*Concolore;  similarly  coloured. 

Concomit-ante;  as  E.  Suoni  -anti,  (mus.) 
overtones.  Aff.  -anza. 

Concon-ay,  -e  m.;  i.  augm.  Conca.  a.  fig. 
big  fat  person. 

Concordabile  ;  reconcilable. 

Concordanz-a  f.  ;  i.  agreement.  2.  in  pi., 
rules  of  grammatical  agreement.  3.  -e  della  Bibbia, 
concordance. 

Concordare  ind.  concf>rdo;  i.  to  agree.  2.  tr. 
to  reconcile. 

Concordatario  m.\  bankrupt  who  has  obtained 
a  certificate. 

Concordato  m. ;  i.  agreement,  esp. 
between  the  Roman  Curia  and  the  civil 
government  of  a  Roman  Catholic 
country.  2.  composition  made  by  a 
bankrupt  with  his  creditors. 


Concorde  (L.);  in  accord.    Aff.  -mente. 

Concdrdiay. ;  i.  concord.  2.  Libro  della  — 
(kist.)  collection  of  symbolical  books  of  the  Lutheran 
church.  3.  (hot.)  spotted  orchis,  Orchis  tuaculata, 
also  termed  Giglio  basilica. 

Concorporale  ;  (theol.)  of  the  same  body  with. 

Concorporare  ind.  concorporo;  to  make  part 
of  the  same  body. 

Concorrenza  / ;  competition. 
Con-c6rrere/<?7/  -cors\,part.  -corso; 

1.  to  assemble.     2.  to  compete.     3.  to 
concur.      4.    (geom.)   to   meet ;    Linee 
-correnti,    lines    passing    through    the 
same  point. 

Concorso  m. ;  i.  concourse.  2.  (leg.) 
meeting  (of  the  creditors  of  a  bankrupt). 
3.  (med.)  determination  of  blood  to  the 
head,  etc.  4.  competition.  5.  --  di 
bestiame,  cattle-show. 

Concbtto ;  part.  Concocere. 

Concozione  yi;  =  Digestione,  diges- 
tion. 

•Concreare;  to  create  together.  Cpncreato  fu 
ordine  e  costrutto  alle  sostanzie,  organisation  and 
formal  being  were  created  together  for  the  primal 
substances,  D.  Par.  20.  31. 

Cpncred-ere ;  obsol.  except  in  part,  -endo, 
believing. 

*Concremare  ;=Bruciare,  to  burn. 

Concrescibile  ;  producing  concretions. 

Concret-amente  adv.,  -are  to  come  to  a  con- 
Crete  conclusion,  -ezza  concrete  form,  -izzare  (i.y. 
-are) ;  v.  Concreto. 

Concrete  (L.);  concrete.  Nome  — ,  the  name 
of  a  concrete  object.  Caso  — ,  actual  case,  usu. 
pratico. 

Concrezibney.  (L.);  concretion. 
*Concriare;  =  Concreare. 

Concub-fnay;  as  E.  Aff.  -inario  keeper  of 
a  concubine,  -inato  concubinage,  -ito  sleeping  to- 
gether. 

Concucciay;  dim.  spreg.  Conca. 
•Concilia  y;    (bit.)    i.     a    small    measure  (of 
capacity),     ii.  =  Murice. 

Conculc-are  (L.);  to  trample  on. 
Aff.  -dbile,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Concudcere ;  v.  Concocere. 
Concup-ire    ind.    -isco ;    to   lust   after.      Aff. 
•iscenza  lust,  -iscibile  lustful,  -iscibilita  habitual  lust. 
*Concussare(yr<y.  ofL.coticutere);  to  shake. 

Concussiondrio  m. ;  official  who 
levies  blackmail. 

Concussidne/;  extortion,  blackmail, 
esp.  in  the  shape  of  corrupt  payments 
exacted  by  an  official. 

*i.  shaking,     ii.  mental  perturbation. 
•Concusso  ;  part.  *Concutere,  to  shake. 

Condann-a  f. ;     i.    condemnation. 

2.  fine  or  other  penalty.     Aff.  -abile. 

•Condannagioney;  i.  =  Condanna.  ii.  Sonarc 
a  — ,  to  toll  for  an  execution. 

Condann-are  ;  to  condemn.  Aff.  -atdre, 
-atfcrio,  -evole,  censurable. 

Condebit6re  m.;  joint  debtor. 

Cond6gn-o  ;  suitable.    Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Condens-Abile,  -are,  -at6re,  -azione;  as  E. 
•  Condicersi ;  to  be  suitable. 
tCondieray;  =  Oliera,  cruet-stand. 
CAndilo  m.  (Gr.);  (anat.)  condyle. 
Condiluro   m.   (Gr.    xopivtat,    knuckle,    ovpn, 
tail,  the  creature  having  first  been  erroneously  de- 
scribed as  having  lumps  on  its  tail);  American  mole, 
Condylura. 

Condimdnto  m. ;  i.  sauce.  2.  fig. 
piquancy. 

Cpnd-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  part. 
condfto  (L.  condire,  a  variant  of  cotidere, 
<  con,  **dere,  to  put,  v.  infra,  sub  Dere, 
cp.  E.  do) ;  i.  to  flavour.  2.  to  provide 
in  abundance ;  —  una  lampada,  to  fill 
a  lamp  with  oil.  Un  negozio  che  con- 
disce  di  ninnoli  tutta  1'  Italia,  a  business 
which  supplies  the  whole  of  Italy  with 


1 68 


CONDIRETTORE— CONFICERE 


toys,  -ito  di  spropositi,  crammed  with 
mistakes.  3.  fig.  or  iron,  -irsi,  to  dam- 
age oneself. 

*i.  =  Candire,  to  candy,  ii.  =  Imbalsamare,  to 
embalm,  iii.  to  manure. 

Condirettdre  >«,;  co-director. 
CondiscendenzayC;  v.  Condiscendere. 

Condisc^ndere  or  Accondiscendere ; 
for  conjug.  v.  Scendere ;  to  yield  to  a 
person's  entreaties.  Ho  condisceso,  ma 
di  mala  voglia,  I  gave  way  though  very 
unwillingly.  S'  io  volessi  —  al  genio 
non  mi  basterebbero  ne  molti  fogli  ne 
molte  ore  per  finire  questa  lettera,  if 
I  indulged  my  inclination  many  sheets 
and  many  hours  would  not  be  enough 
to  finish  this  letter. 

*  i.  ~  Scendere,  to  go  down.  ii.  to  pass  on  (to 
another  part  of  the  subject),  lit.  to  accommodate 
oneself  (to  inferior  intelligence),  D.  Par.  4.  43. 
iv.  to  be  kind,  gracious.  Ammirando  1'  eccellenza 
della  divina  maestade  la  quale  degnava  di  conde- 
scendere  al  rnondo  che  periva  e  per  Io  suo  Francesco 
poverello  disponea  di  porre  remedio  di  salute,  mar- 
velling at  the  excellence  of  the  divine  majesty  which 
deigned  to  show  loving-kindness  to  the  perishing 
world  and  ordered  return  of  health  to  his  humble 
servant  Francis  (Fioretti  di  S.  Francesco,  3). 

Condisc^polo  in. ;  fellow-disciple. 
Condisceso;  part.  Condiscendere. 

Condisi  >«.;  (hot.)  i.  white  hellebore,  v.  Veratro. 
2.  soapwort,  Saponaria  officinalis. 

Condito  ;  part.  Condire.  As  sb. ,  =  Condi- 
mento. 

*C6ndito(L.  condilus):  created. 
*Conditore     m.    (A)    (L.);     creator,    founder. 
(B)  (It.  condire);  sauce-maker. 

Conditura  f.\  flavouring.  *em- 
balming. 

Condivfdere ;  to  divide  between 
several  persons. 

Condizional-e,  -mente;  as  E. 

Condizion-are ind.  condiziono ;  i.  to 
season  with  spices.  2.  to  serve  up  with 
the  proper  dressing.  3.  to  qualify  for 
some  purpose,  e.g.  to  season  ground  for 
planting,  to  pack  so  as  not  to  be  broken 
in  transit,  etc. ;  Lume  ch'  a  lui  vedere 
ne  condiziona,  D.  Par.  14.  48,  light 
which  qualifies  us  to  see  God.  4.  to  make 
a  condition  or  proviso.  5.  Ben,  Male 
-ato,  (a)  well  or  badly  off,  *(b)  in  good 
or  bad  health. 

Condizi6n-e/.;  as  E.     Ajf.  -cella  dim. 

Condoglianza  / ;  condolence. 

Condolersi  ind.  mi  condolgo  ti  con- 
duoli  si  conduole  ci  condolghiamo  or 
-dogliamo  vi  condole'te  si  condolgono, 
perf.  mi  condolsi  or  *condole  ti  con- 
dole'sti,y»/.  mi  condorr6,/<zr/.  condoluto; 
i.  to  condole;  Le  scrivo  per  condolermi 
della  morte  di  suo  padre,  I  am  writing 
to  condole  with  you  on  your  father's 
death.  2.  —  di,  or  a,  to  bewail ;  E 
condoleami  alia  giusta  vendetta,  and 
I  was  grieving  over  their  just  punish- 
ment, D.  Purg.  21.  6. 

'Condolino  in. ;  small  round  piece  of  crystal. 

Condominio  m.  (L.);  joint  government. 

Conddmino  m. :  joint  ruler. 

Condon-are  ind.  condono ;  i.  to  condone, 
excuse.  2.  to  remit  (a  punishment).  Aff.  -abile, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Conddre  in.  (the  native  Peruvian  name);  condor. 

Cond6tta/;  i.  conduct.  2.  trans- 
port of  merchandise.  3.  bringing  a 
water-supply  into  a  town.  4.  arrange- 
ment of  the  parts  of  a  literary  com- 


position. 5.  Fare  la  — ,  to  suffice,  to 
have  sufficient  strength  ;  Son  gia  stracco 
e  se  si  deve  arrivar  fin  Ik,  io  non  fo 
la  — ,  I  am  tired  already,  and  if  it  is  to 
be  a  question  of  going  all  that  way  my 
strength  will  not  hold  out.  Questo  fil 
di  ferro  per  quattro  campanelli  non  fa  la 
— ,  this  quantity  of  wire  will  not  do  for 
four  bells.  6.  leadership.  7.  duty  of 
a  Medico  condotto,  or  the  area  served 
by  him,  v.  Condotto. 

*i.  escort,  guide.  ii.  =  Procaccia,  carrier, 
iii.  (Uomo)  di  — ,  =  Assennato,  capable,  clever, 
iv.  pay  of  a  mercenary,  v.  hire  of  a  journeyman, 
vi.  engagement  of  a  professor,  vii.  troop  of  men 
under  a  Condottiere.  viii.  team  of  oxen  for  hire. 

Condottier-e  or  -o  m. ;  i.  leader  of 
a.  city  militia.  2.  soldier  of  fortune. 

*  i.  conductor,    ii.  =  Procaccia,  carrier,    iii.  coun- 
sellor, guide. 

Cond6ttp;  i.  part.  Condurre.  Me- 
dico — ,  parish  doctor,  employed  by  the 
commune  to  give  medical  assistance 
gratuitously  to  the  poor. 

As  sb. :  2.  water-conduit.  3.  channel 
in  which  molten  metal  is  to  run. 
4.  (chew.)  any  tube  for  gases  or  liquids. 

*  i.     escort,    D.    Purg.    4.    29.      ii.     mercenary, 
iii.    condition,  compact,     iv.    victuals. 

Condrillay^;  (hot.)  gum  succory,  Ckotidrilla 
juncea. 

CondrfnayC;  (cht-m.)  chondrin. 
'ConducayC;  guide. 

Condurre  ind.  conduco,  perf.  con- 
dussi  -duce'sti,  fut.  condurro,  part,  con- 
dotto (L.  cotiducere);  to  conduct,  to 
carry  out. 

*  to  take  into  one's  service. 
•Condutta/:;  victuals. 
*Conduttizio;=  Assoldato,  hired. 

Condut-t6re  m. ;  conductor.  Ajfr.  -trice,  Con- 
duzione. 

Conestabile  or  Contestabile  (Conestavole, 
Conistabile,  Connestabile,  Connestabole,  Conostabile, 
Conostabole,  Contestabole)  m.  (L.  comes  stabuli); 
high  constable. 

•Conestabolia/;  legion. 

Confabul-are  ind.  confabulo;  to  chat.  Aff. 
-atore,  -azione. 

Conf-acente,  -acenza,  -acfivole,  -acevo- 
lezza;  v.  Confarsi. 

*Confalone  m.\  v.  Goufalone. 

Cpnfarreazi6ne  f. ;  bread-ceremony  of  mar- 
riage in  ancient  Rome. 

Confarsi  ind.  si  confk  si  confanno, 
perf.  si  confece  si  confecero,  fut.  si 
confara,  si  confaranno,  no  past  part.; 
to  be  fitting,  suitable.  L'  aria  di  Roma 
mi  si  confa  poco,  the  Roman  climate 
does  not  suit  me. 

*Confastidiarsi ;  to  be  disgusted,  nauseated. 

Confeder-arsi  ind.  mi  confedero;  to  federate. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Conferenza  /;  i.  conference. 
2.  lecture. 

Conferenzidre  m. ;  lecturer. 

Confer-ire  ind.  -\sco,perf.  -ii,  parts. 
conferente  conferfto  (L.  conferre,  v. 
infra,  sub  -fero) ;  i.  to  confer,  to 
grant.  2.  to  confer,  to  hold  a  confe- 
rence. 3.  to  benefit.  Questo  vino  non 
mi  conferisce,  this  wine  does  me  no 
good.  II  riposo  giusto  conferisce  alia 
salute,  a  fair  amount  of  rest  is  good  for 
the  health.  Conversely,  Gli  strapazzi, 
le  malattie  conferiscono  a  far  perder  il 
cervello,  hardships,  illnesses  contribute 
to  damage  the  brain. 

*i.   to  speak  of;  to  tell.     ii.   to  give  way.     iii.   to 
compare,     iv.  -irsi,  to  give  oneself  up. 
Aff.  -imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 


Conferma./;  confirmation. 

Conferm-are,  -ativo,  -at6re,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 

Conferva  f.  (L.  conferva,  some  kind  of  water- 
plant,  so  called  from  its  healing  power,  <  confeniea, 
a  term  used  by  Celsus  of  the  healing  of  broken 
bones,  as  if  they  seethed  together,  <cont  /et-veo,  to 
boil);  conferva,  a  genus  of  freshwater  Algne. 

Confessare  ind.  confcsso  (mlt.,  v.  Skeat,  sue 
Confess);  to  confess.  Mi  ci  sarei  confessato,  an 
expression  used  when  a  person  in  whom  we  have 
reposed  entire  confidence  is  proved  untrustworthy ; 
I  would  have  confessed  myself  to  him  ! 

Aff.  Confession-ale,  -ario  I.  i.f.  -ale.  2.  -ario 
di  pegno,  holder  of  a  pledged  article,  -cella  dint. 
of  -e. 

Confessi6ne  f. ;  i.  confession;  To- 
gliere  la  —  a  un  prete,  to  inhibit  him 
from  hearing  confessions.  2.  crypt 
under  the  High  Altar  of  an  old  church, 
containing  relics.  3.  creed  of  a  Pro- 
testant communion.  4.  —  de'  testimoni, 
deposition  of  the  witnesses.  5.  Dunque 
parlero  della  confessione,  said  of  a  per- 
son who  knows  only  one  subject  and 
contrives  always  to  speak  upon  that 
one ;  the  origin  of  the  proverb  is  a  story 
of  a  priest  who  could  only  preach  about 
confession  and  having  once  to  pro- 
nounce a  panegyric  upon  St  Joseph 
said  :  St  Joseph  was  a  carpenter  and 
made  confessionals,  I  will  therefore 
speak  upon  the  subject  of  confession. 

Confessionista  m. ;  Lutheran,  ad- 
herent to  the  Confession  of  Augsburg. 

Confessionuccia,/;  dim.  sjreg.  Confessione. 

Confess-o;  syncop.  part,  of  -are.  *As  so.,  a 
kind  of  barbacan  or  outwork  of  a  fort. 

Confessorato  m. ;  confessorship  of  a  convent. 

Confessbre  m. ;  confessor. 

*i.  (eccl.)  tonsured  clerk,     ii.  Dal  comune  de'  -i, 
a  thing  extremely  well  known. 

Confett-accio  m. ;  f>egg.  of -o. 

Confett-are  ind.  confetto;  i.  =  Can- 
dire.  2.  to  cultivate  the  goodwill  of; 
—  una  rapa,  to  seek  the  favour  of  a 
worthless  person. 

*  i.  —  Acconciare,  to  prepare,     ii.  -arsi,  of  ground, 
to  be  seasoned,  by  frost,  etc. 

Confett-iera/ ;  bon-bon  box.  -iere, 
=  -uriere;  *  =  profumiere.  -ino;  dim. 
of  -o. 

Conf6tt-0  m. ;  i.  sweetmeat;  -i  par- 
lanti,  with  a  motto  inside ;  Quando  si 
mangeranno  questi  -i?  i.e.  when  is  the 
wedding  going  to  be?  the  reference 
being  to  the  sugar-plums  given  on  the 
occasion  of  a  wedding ;  -i  di  montagna, 
scherz.  for  dried  chestnuts.  2.  in  pi., 
the  imitation  sweetmeats  made  of  plaster 
and  thrown  at  Carnival  time.  *(med.) 
electuary  of  agreeable  taste. 

*  As  fart. ;    (A)  synco/>.  for  Confettato.     (B)  (L. 
confectuji);    i.  =  Intriso,  steeped,     ii.  =  Consumato, 
worn   out.     iii.  =  Lavorato,  worked,     iv.  =Concotto, 
v.  Concocere  (2). 

Confett-uccio  m.;  spreg.  of-o.  -ura_/C;  jam. 
-ureria  f.  ;  confectioner's  shop  or  confectionery, 
-uriere  «/.  or  -urierayC;  confectioner. 

Confezionare  ind.  confezi6no;  to 
make  up. 

Confezidne/;  i.  (med.)  confection, 
medicine  made  up  with  honey,  syrup,  etc. 
2.  any  made-up  article,  or  the  process 
of  making  it  up.  3.  ready-made  lady's 
dress. 

*  i.  =  Confettura.     ii.=Candito. 

Conflcc-are ;  to  thrust  in,  to  hammer 
in,  to  nail  up.  *to  rebuke  severely.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atura. 

*Conficere;    i.     to    consecrate,      ii.    to    make 
(bricks),     iii.   to  prepare  (ointments). 


Confid-are  ;  to  confide,  -arsi  con  uno,  to  have 
a  confidential  talk  with  him.  '-arsi  di,  to  trust  in 
JU.  far.  29.  120.  *-ato  i.  trustworthy,  ii.  con- 
fident,  sure. 

Confidecommissario  m.;  joint  trustee 
Confideiussore    m. ;  =  Commallevadore,  joint 

Confidante;  ,  trustworthy.  2.  confident. 
As  St.:  3.  confidential  agent,  confidant.  4.  (mar) 
master.porteratadock.  5.  police  agent,  'arrogant. 

Confidentemente ;  confidently. 

Confidenz-a/;  confidence.  Abito 
di  — ,  every-day  dress.  Prendersi  delle 
-e,  to  take  liberties.  Fare  a  — ,  to  take 
advantage  of  a  person's  good  nature. 

Aff.  Confidenzial-c,  -mente. 

Confidenziario  /«. ;  (ecct.)  i.  one  who  enjoys  a 
benefice  by  virtue  of  some  secret  and  illicit  conven- 
tion.  n.  confidant. 

Confidenzidso;  prone  to  take  liberties. 

Conffggere  ind.  configgo,  perf.  con- 
fissi  -figgdsti,  part,  confitto ;  to  nail  up, 
to  stick  tightly  in.  *to  disconcert. 

Configur-are  ind.  configure;  to  form  Aff 
-azione.  "' 

*C.onfina^;  i-  =  Confine,  boundary,     ii.  country 

Confinare  ;  i.  to  banish.  2.  to  have 
the  same  boundary,  to  march  (with). 
3-  fig-  to  border  upon ;  La  bonta  ecces- 
siva  confina  con  la  dabbenaggine,  too 
much  good-nature  borders  upon  weak- 
ness. 4.  to  confine. 

Confinazidne  / ;  i.  demarcation  of 
a  frontier.  2.  description  of  a  frontier 
line. 

Confin-e  or  -o  m.  (L.  con  finis  or 
conflmum);  i.  boundary,  frontier-  -i 
militan,  (gtogr.)  the  Croatian  Marches. 
2.  punishment  of  forced  residence  in 
some  prescribed  locality;  Romper  il  — 
to  quit  the  prescribed  domicile.  3.  stone 
or  post  marking  a  boundary. 

'i.  territory,     ii.  side,  D.  Inf.  30.  o, 
•Confingere;  to  invent. 
etc  Confisc-a-  -ab'le,  -are,  -atore;  confiscation, 

death"0""**"1'"''  Esser  al  ~'  to  **  at  tnc  P°'nt  of 

C'onfiteor  m  ;  a  prayer  beginning  with  this 
word.  Recitare  il  — ,  to  confess  to  having  been  the 
cause  of  some  mischief. 

Confitto;  fart.  Configgere. 

Conflagrazidne/;  as  E. 

Conflare ;  to  cast  (metals). 


o  cas     metas. 

Conflig-ere/M/:  -i-«i  :  to  fight. 
Conflitto    m.  ;    conflict.      Etym. 


L. 


•Confluttuazione/:;  perpTcxity."1'' 

Confdnd-ere  perf.  confusi  confon- 
desti,  part,  confuso  or  *-uto ;  i.  to  con- 
found. 2.  to  confuse,  -ersi-  3  to 
become  confused.  4.  to  take  trouble 

over  what  is  not  worth  it ;  Non  ti a 

cercare  codesto  foglio,  lo  troverai,  do 
not  bother  about  looking  for  that  paper 
it  will  turn  up ;  Non  mi  vo'  —  con  te' 
I  don't  want  to  have  anything  to  do 
with  you. 

Aff.  -ibile,  -imento,  -Store. 

iform- abile,  -are,  -azibne;  as  E. 

Confdrm-e  ;     in    conformity       Per 
copia  — ,  (these  words  being  followed 
by  the  signature  of  the  copyist)  certified 
as  a  correct  copy.   As  adv.,  conformably. 
-   gli  vien  detto,  in  conformity  with 
what  he  is  told.     Parlerete  pro  o  contro 
al  progetto,  are  you  going  to  speak  for 
or  against?     Conforme!  that  depends! 
H. 


CONFIDARE— CONIGLIA 

Conformementea<fo.;  »i».  Conforme,  a.v. 
En  land       mlsta  '"•'   "leml)er  of  the  Church  of 
Conformitay:;  conformity. 

ConforUbile ;  r.  capable  of  being 
comforted  or  strengthened.  2.  comfort- 
ing to  the  stomach.  3.  comfortable, 
but  only  as  an  Anglicism. 

Confort-are  ind.  conforto  (L.) ;  i  to 
comfort.  2.  to  stimulate  (the  appetite, 
or  the  stomach).  3.  to  offer  the  con- 
solations of  religion  to  a  condemned 
man ;  Non  voile  esser  -ato,  he  refused 
the  ministrations  of  the  chaplain.  4.  to 

PnrTtllfQ  rra      f*-\    ,ii-.,,. 


169 

Congenere;  kindred. 

Congenito ;  congenital. 
*Congentura/:;  =  Congiuntura 

Congerie  f.  (L.);  heap,  congeries. 

Congestiine  /  (L.) ;  (med.)  congestion. 

Congettur-a  (Conghiettura)  f.  (L.)    -abile 
-ale,  -are;   conjecture,  etc. 

Congiario  ».  (L.);  gift  of  oil,  wine,  salt,  etc., 
or  later,  money,  by  the  Roman  emperors  to  the  people! 

x*ongiato  m. \ ^Congedo 

ih.  C6,"P0/"'(L-)Vanc'ent^c"nanlicluid  measure, 
the  eighth  of  an  amphora. 

•Congio  w.;  =  Congedo. 

Congio-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  rejoice  together. 
.    ton-giungere     (congiugnere)    perf.     -giunsi 
-giungesti,  fart,  -giunto  (L) ;  to  unite! 

i.    to  add.     ii.    to  place  beside,     iii.    Messa  del 


encourage,  to  urge. 

Aff.  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Conforteria  f.;  place  where  the  last  consola- 
tions of  religion  were  offered  to  the  condemned. 

Confortevole ;  comforting. 

Confortinaio  «.;  seller  of  Confortini. 

Confortfno  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Conforto. 

=  Ch,cca,  sweetmeat,  «/.  a  certain  kind  of 
t  lorentine  spiced  cake. 

Conf&rtow.  (It.confortare);  i.  com- 
fort, consolation.  2.  exhortation.  3.  en- 
couragement. 

'Confosso  /«.;  barbacan  of  a  fortress,  outwork 
Lonfratello  m.\  member  of  a  confraternity 
Confratermta/;  religious  confraternity. 

*Confratile;  =  Conflatile,  fused,  cast 

«Confratto;=Fratto,  broken. 

Confrattorio ;   («<•/.)  in  the  Ambrosian  rite 
the  prayer  said  on  breaking  the  bread 

0"          g 


Confric-are ;  to  rub.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-azione. 

*Confringere;  =  Dirompere. 

Confrontare  ind.  confronto  ;  i.  to 
compare.  2.  intr.  to  be  an  exact  copy, 
to  agree  in  all  respects. 

Confrdnto  m.  •  comparison.     Chia- 
mare  a  — ,  to  confront.     Venire  a  — 
to  be  confronted.     Star  a  — ,  to  bear 
comparison  with,  to  be  equally  good. 

'Confuggere;  to  take  refuge. 
^  Confusamente;  confusedly. 
•Confusaneo;  (Pane)  — ,  made  of  unsifted  flour 

Confus-etto  ;  dim.  of  -o.     -i6ne  ;  as  E. 

Confusionano  »«.;  blunderer. 

confct.i£'£jr0S£±<t(£  ^j£*^j 

Confute);    to   confute.      Aff.    -abile,    -ativo    -atdre 
-atnce,  -at6no,  .azioncella  dim.,  -azione.  ' 

Conged-are  ind.  congedo;  to  dis- 
charge, -arsi,  to  take  leave. 

Congddo  m.  (O.  Fr.  congiet,<m!A. 
comtatus,<  L.  commeatus,  travelling  to- 
gether, or  leave  of  absence,  cp.  Provenc 
comjat;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Congde) ;  i.  leave 
of  absence.  2.  discharge.  3.  certificate 
given  on  discharge.  4.  Prender  — ,  to 
take  leave. 

Congegn-are  ind.  congdgno ;  to  con- 
nect, to  put  together.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-atore. 

as  Dfe?Thinkit5-Cr<L;  cmJ""efre  ?r  more  probably 
rheDa«ra«itSof  Sroarlng^nother  ™  Und" 

Congdgno  m.  (It.  congegnare) ;  i.  in- 
strument, apparatus.  2.  mounting  •  Bi- 
sogna  conoscere  il  —  delle  macchine  it 
is  necessary  to  know  how  to  put 
machines  together.  3.  fig.  assemblage 
of  arguments,  phrases,  etc. 


•   C0ng°'°;    to 


Aff. 


™  »uu.  ,,.  10  place  beside,  iii.  Messa  del 
congiunto,  wedding  mass.  iv.  Congiunt-o,  -a,  as 
s6.,  husband  or  wife,  also  blood  relation  generally; 
Parente  congiunto,  near  relation. 

Congiungimento  ,„.;  junclion,  act  of  joining. 
Congmntamente ;  conjointly 
Congmntiva/;  („„„,.)  conjunctiva  of  the  eye. 
Congmntivo;  (gram.)  subjunctive. 
Congiunto ;  fart.  Congiungere 
Congiuntur-ay:;    ,.    junction',    i.e.    point   or 
me  of  junction.     2.  (aaat.)  Jjoint,  al^  te'rmpe°(  "Co°s 
co™'          °Vare'   Rltrovare  or  Spianare   le  -e  or  le 
circuiTr  t*  Un°'  l°      ^          soundly.     3.  conjuncture, 

•i.  relationship,     ii.  matrimonial  union. 

Congiur-a/ ;  conspiracy.     Aff.  -arc 
vo.  (L.  conjurare). 

Congiurato  m. ;  conspirator. 
Congjobare  iud.  conglobo;  to  roll  into  a  ball 
Cong lomerare  ind.  conglomero  (L.)-  as  E 
Conglutmare  ;  =  Agglutinare. 

ConIratUI"/:rSa  (-e');  aS  E'     Aff~  •a2'one- 

in  * ''  ,meetii!s  of  "'igant's  Cb0eforrrthe  j udge.     Metier 
m — ,  to  make  a  subiect  of  litio-aM^n     ::    ™i~j: :  , 


C6ngro  /«.  ;  =  Grongo,  conger-eel. 

C6ngrua/;  i.  subvention  to  a  poor 
parish  for  its  church.  2.  dowry,  the 
receipt  of  which  barred  further  partici- 
pation in  the  property  of  the  parents. 

Congruam6nte;  conveniently 

Congruato  adj.;  v.  Congrua  (i) 

Congru-ente;  congruous.  'Numero  —  a 
number  m  relation  to  its  fellow,  Congruo,  when  'the 
two  are  such  that  their  sum  or  their  difference  is  a 
square  number,  e.g.  26  and  10.  Aff.  .enza 

C6ngruo;  congruous.  Juscongruo, 
(leg.)  preferential  right  of  an  adjoininJ 
owner  to  purchase. 

Etym.  I,,  congruere,  to  suit,  <con  •* rnurr 
cf.  Gr.  xpacu,  to  assail,  v.  Walde,  sue  CangnioKiio 

Conguagli-are  (It.  con,  egualej- 

i :  1 1 1  ^c         _•!•-*> i     i  , ,       ',. 

P,  to 


Conguaglio  m.  ;  balancing.  M'  era 
creditore  d'  una  sommarella,  e  in  —  gli 
feci  del  lavoro,  I  owed  him  a  trifle  which 
I  squared  up  by  doing  some  work  for 
nun. 

Cbnia  (Cjuonia)/  (etym.  unkn.)  •  joke 
Uomo  di  —  ,  man  who  enjoys  a  joke 
Regger  alia  _,  to  put  up  with  a  oke, 
not  to  lose  one's  temper  over  it. 

Coni-are  ind.  conio  coni...c6niano 
(Itcomo);  i.  to  coin,  to  strike.  2.  (fiv-\ 
to  invent  (stories,  news,  etc.).  7  -ati 
money. 

Aff.  .atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura 
Conicfna/;  v.  Conina. 

•tnSSriS.1  '•  conical-  2-  1"""*-)  conic-  A#- 

*Conicolo  m.:  subterranean  gallery 


chine"3'6"     "'  ;     S<""""»°    ~'     '•«*•«• 
Congenerato;  produced  together. 


'Coniettare;   to  aim  at. 
Conifero;  (tot.)  conifer. 
Confglia  f.  •    doe  rabbit, 
nearest  the  bows  of  a  galley 


'bench  of  rowers 


22 


CONIGLIACCIO— CONSIDERARE 


Conigli-accio  m. ;    i.  pegg.  of  -o. 

2.  (fig.}  timid  person.     -fcra/;  rabbit 
warren  or  enclosure.     -0  m. ;  i.  rabbit. 
2.yf^-.  coward,   -ollno  in. ;  young  rabbit. 
Confglioli ;«. ;  /o/.  for  -o.   *-uzzo ;  fig. 
coward. 

Etym.  L.  cunlc-ulus,  perhaps  of  Spanish  origin  ; 
the  Romans  did  in  fact  derive  their  Knowledge  of 
the  rabbit  from  Spain,  cp.  Basque  unchi,  rabbit. 

Conina  or  ConicinayC :  the  alkaloid  of  hemlock. 

C6nio  m.  (A)  (L.  cuneus,  wedge); 
i.  wedge.  2.  die  for  stamping  coins. 

3.  the  imprint  so  stamped.     4.  (Jig-}  in 
bad  sense;  Tutta  gente  dello  stesso  — , 
people  all  of  the  same  stamp.     *coin. 

(B)  (L.  congius) ;  =  Cogno,  payment 
in  kind  for  the  use  of  an  oil  press  or  the 
like.  The  phrase  Donna  di  — ,  for  a 
woman  of  bad  character,  D.  Inf.  18.  66, 
probably  refers  to  payment  of  this  kind, 
not  to  Conio  in  the  ordinary  sense  of 
money. 

*Conistabile;  v.  Conestabile. 
Coniugabile;  (gram.)  to  be  conjugated. 
Coniugal-e  ;  conjugal.     Aff.  -mente. 
Coniug-are     ind.     coniugo     coniughi     (L.); 

1.  (grain.)  to  conjugate.     2.    -ato,  joined   in  mar- 
riage,    -azidne,  v.  -are  (i). 

C6niuge  in. ;  (leg.)  husband,  or  wife,  but  usu. 
in//.,  husband  and  wife. 

Conizza  f.  \  (bat.)  a  genus  of  Compositae, 
Conyza. 

Conlegatario  m.\  joint  legatee. 

Connate-;  (bot.)  connate,  when  two  opposite 
leaves  are  united  at  their  bases,  or  when  any  parts 
originally  distinct  become  united  in  after-growth. 

Connaturale;  i.  coming  by  nature,  a.  apt, 
appropriate  (phrase),  as  if  coming  by  nature. 

Connaturato  ;  (habit)  developed  into  a  second 
nature. 

Connazionale  m. ;  fellow-countryman. 
*Conne  tri. ;  an  abbreviation  C  which  stood  for 
Con  or  Cum.  This  C  together  w'ith  &  (et)  and  R' 
(rum)  used  to  be  placed  at  the  foot  of  the  Crocesanta 
or  mounted  alphabet  used  in  schools.  II  conne  e  il 
ronne,  the  entire  story,  the  whole  matter.  Dall*  A 
fino  al  ronne,  from  beginning  to  end. 

Connessamente;  in  connection. 

Connessi6ney.;  connection. 

ConnessitA /.  ;  =  Connessione. 
*Connestabife;  v.  Conestabile. 

Connettere  perf.  connessi  or  connettei  -net- 
testi,  part,  connesso  (L.  connectere) ;  to  connect. 
Non  — ,  to  be  incapable  of  thinking  or  speaking  to 
the  purpose. 

Connivfente  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Con- 
nive) ;  conniving. 

Connivenza  f.  •  connivance. 

Connotate  m.;  note,  usu.  in  pi., 
notes  of  a  man's  personal  appearance 
such  as  might  be  written  on  his  passport 
for  identification,  or  the  characteristic 
features  of  some  incident. 

Conmibio  m. ;  wedding,  usu.  in  fig. 
sense,  referring  to  politics. 

Connumer-are  ind.  connumero ;  to  count 
together.  Aff.  -azione. 

C6no  m.  (L. ,<Gr.  JCOJPOS,  a  cone,  peak,  peg; 
cp.  Sanskr.  (anas,  whetstone,  L.  cos,  whetstone ; 
root  co  or  ca,  to  sharpen);  i.  cone.  2.  a  genus  of 
shell-fishes,  Conns,  remarkable  for  their  beauty. 

Conbcchia  (Connocchia)  or  pop. 
Canocchia  f.  (**conucola  for  bit.  colu- 
cola,  dim.  of  L.  coins,  distaff);  i.  distaff. 

2.  bunch  of  flax  on  the  distaff  ready  for 
spinning.   3.  (mar.)  thick  part  of  a  mast. 

_*i.  Trarre  la  chioma  alia  — ,  or  Trarre  la  — ,  to 
spin.  ii.  a  kind  of  toothed  wheel  with  pegs  instead 
of  teeth,  iii.  (mil.)  rocket  for  setting  fire  to  the 
enemy's  works. 

tConocchio  m.\  maize  leaves  for  stuffing  mat- 
tresses. 

Condid-e/l;  i.  cone  on  a  non-circular  base, 
conoid.  2.  surface  generated  by  the  revolution  of  a 
conic  section  round  its  major  axis.  Aff.  -ale. 


^O  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  KUivanrtiov, 
mosquito  net  < KWI/WI^,  mosquito);  l.= 
Zanzariere,  mosquito  net.  2.  veil  used 
in  baptising  women.  3.  gauze  net  over 
the  ciborium  or  over  the  pyx  in  the 
service  of  the  Mass. 

Conosc^nte  m.  or/;  acquaintance. 

Conosc&nza/;  acquaintance.  *mark 
by  which  a  thing  may  be  known. 

Con6sc-ere  ind.  conosco  con6sci 
conosciamo,  perf.  con6bbi,  part,  cono- 
sciuto  (L.  cognoscere,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Know)  ;  to  know,  to  recognise. 

Aff.  -fbile  recognisable,  -ibilitk 
capacity  for  being  known,  -ime'nto 
faculty  of  knowing,  -itivo  recognisable 
or  capable  of  knowing,  -it6re  acquaint- 
ed (with),  -iutamente  knowingly. 

*  Conostabile  or  -abole  ;  v.  Conestabile. 
*Conostabolieray^;  people  under  the  command 

of  a  Conostabile. 

Conquassare  (L.  con,  quatere,  to 
shake)  ;  i.  to  shake  violently,  usu. 
Sconquassare.  2.  to  shatter.  3.  fig. 
to  devastate. 

Cpnquasso  m. ;  (Mettere  or  Essere) 
a  or  in  — ,  in  great  disorder. 

Conqufbus  ;  as  it.,  the  wherewithal,  i.e.  money. 
Con-quidere  per/,  -quisi,  part,  -quiso  (L.  con- 
auirere,  cp.  Chiedere,<?«<z*'r,?n>) ;  to  disturb,  harass, 
to  overcome.     In  D.  Purg.  23.  45,  Nella  voce  sua 
mi  fu  palese  Cio  che  !'  aspetto  in  se  p.vea  conquiso, 
though  the  sense  is  clear  the  translation  must  be  a 
paraphrase: — his  voice  revealed  his  identity  though 
famine  had   made   his  features  unrecognisable,  lit. 
that   which   his  appearance   had   overcome,  or   de- 
stroyed, was  revealed  by  his  voice. 

Conquist-a  conquest,  -abile  adj.  •  v. 
-are. 

Conquist-are  (L.  conquirere,  supine 
conquisitutn,  to  search  out) ;  to  conquer, 
to  win.  Aff.  -at6re. 

*  Consaccevole ;  =  Consapevole. 
Consacr-are  ind.  consacro  (L.);  to  consecrate. 

Aff.  -abile,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Consanguin-eita  or  -ita  f.',  consanguinity. 

Consangulneo  ;  i.  relatecf  by  blood.  2.  (leg.) 
(children)  of  the  same  father  but  different  mothers. 

Consap^vol-e ;  aware.  Aff.  -e"zza, 
-mdnte. 

Consaputo  ;  well  known. 

C6nscio  ;  i.q,  Consapevole,  aware. 
Consecutiv-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Cons6gn-a / ;  i.  consignment,  trust ; 
Dare  in  — ,  to  entrust,  give  in  charge  of. 
2.  Dare,  Ricevere  le  -e,  to  hand  over, 
or  receive,  an  office  or  establishment 
with  all  proper  formalities  and  instruc- 
tions. 3.  Lettera  per  — ,  =  Lettera 
raccomandata,  registered  letter.  4.  Pa- 
gare  alia  — ,  to  pay  on  delivery.  5.  (mil.} 
orders.  6.  (mil.}  punishment  of  confine- 
ment to  barracks. 

Consegnare  ind.  conse"gno  (L.  con- 
signare,  lit.  to  seal)  ;  I.  to  consign. 

2.  to   give   in   charge    of   the    police. 

3.  scherz.  to  give  (a  blow).     4.   —  a 
memoria,  to  learn  by  heart. 

Consegnatario  m. ;  consignee. 

*Consegnatore  in. ;  official  who  recorded   the 
names,  arms,  pay,  etc.  of  mercenary  soldiers. 
Consegu-ente,  -entemente,  -enza;  as  E. 
Conseguenziario  ;  over  logical,  too  logical. 
Consegu-ibile,  -im6nto;  v.  Conseguire. 

Conseguire,  ind.  when  tr.  conse- 
guisco,  but  when  intr.  conse'guo;  simi- 


larly the  subj.  (L.  consequor);   \.  tr.  to 
obtain,  to  win.     2.  inlr.  to  result. 

Conseguitare  ind.  conseguito ;  i.q.  Conse- 
guire (2). 

Consenso  in. ;  consent. 

Consentane-o ;  in  accord  with.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Consentimento  tn.',  i.  accord.  2.  i.q.  Consenso. 

Oonsentire  ind.  cans&nto,  pres.  part. 
consenziente ;  i.  to  consent.  2.  =  Ac- 
consentire,  to  yield,  to  give,  as  a  spring 
under  pressure ;  Consentito,  sprung. 
3.  tr.  to  permit. 

Consentitamente;  by  consent. 
Consenziente  ;  pres.  part.  Consentire. 
*Conserrare;  to  shut,  or  lock,  together. 

Consertare  ind.  conserto  (It.  con- 
serto) ;  [.  to  concert.  2.  to  intertwine. 

Conserto  ( A)  (L.  consertus);  i.  inter- 
twined. 2.  composed,  made.  3.  dense. 

*(B)s*.  (variant  of  Concerto)  i.  concert,    ii.  A—, 
=  Secondo,  according  to. 

Consferva  f. ;  i.  store,  storage. 
2.  fruit-jelly ;  •  -  di  mele  cologne, 
quince-jelly.  3.  preserved  provisions 
of  any  kind ;  if  their  nature  is  not 
specified,  tomatoes  are  probably  to  be 
understood.  4.  fig.  or  quasi-fig.  Averci 
la  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  have  a  large 
quantity  of  it ;  Far  —  d'  una  cosa,  to 
lay  it  by ;  Fate  —  de'  consigli  de'  vecchi, 
store  up  the  advice  which  old  people 
give  you.  5.  —  delle  piante,  green- 
house ;  —  del  ghiaccio,  =  Ghiacciaia, 
ice-house ;  -  dei  pesci,  fish-pond. 
6.  (mar.}  fleet  of  ships  sailing  under 
convoy  or  any  of  the  ships  forming  a 
fleet  under  convoy.  7.  Andar  di  — , 
to  keep  together  or  fig.  to  act  together, 
in  harmony. 

Conservabilc  ;  in  condition  for  keeping. 
*Conservadore  ;   i.  =  Conservatore.     ii.    title  of 
a  magistrate. 

*  Conservaggio  m. ;  slavery  or  imprisonment  in 
common  with  others. 

Conserv-are  ind.  conserve  (L.) ;  to 
keep.  Aff.  -ativo. 

Conserv-at6re  m.\  i.  keeper  of 
archives,  etc.  2.  preservative.  3.  con- 
servative in  politics.  4.  title  of  a 
magistrate.  Aff.  -atrice. 

Conservatbrio  m.\  i.  poor-house. 
2.  girls'  school.  3.  school  of  music. 

Conservazi6ne  / ;  as  E. 

Conserve  m. ;  fellow-servant. 

Cons^SSO  m.  (L.)  ;  meeting  of  im- 
portant people. 

•Consettaiuolo  m.;  one  of  the  same  sect. 

*  Considenza/^;  residence. 
*Considenzia  /.;  assemblage. 

Considerabil-e  ;  as  E.     Ajff.  -mente. 

Considerando  ;  a  word  with  which 
official  pronouncements  begin,  like  the 
Fr.  Vu,  whereas.  Hence  as  sb.,  II 
primo  — ,  the  first  recital.  It  is  often 
unaltered  in  the  //.,  I  considerando 
sono  dimolti,  or  I  considerandi  son 
molti,  there  are  a  number  of  recitals. 

Consider-are  ind.  considero  (L.,  lit. 
to  look  at  the  stars  and  see  if  they  are 
favourable) ;  to  consider.  Aff.  -ata- 
mdnte  circumspectly,  -atezza  habit  of 
prudence,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione  as  E., 
-evole  i.q.  -abile,  -evolmente  adv. 


CONSIGLIARE— CONTADO 


171 


Consigli-are  (L.,  v.  Consultare) ;  to 
advise.  AJf.  -atamdnte  ;  -at6re,  -atora 
(sometimes  -atrice)  adviser ;  -ere  or-kro. 

1.  adviser.     2.  councillor  ;  -erino  dim, 
of  -ere  ;  -etto  dim.  of  -o  ;  -o  I.  advice. 

2.  council. 

"Consignare  ;  i.  =  Consegnare.  ii.  =  Segnare, 
to  mark.  iii.  to  fix  irrevocably. 

Consignativo  ;  Censo  — ,  ground- 
rent  created  by  the  owner  of  a  pro- 
perty. 

Consiliare ;  conciliar,  esp.  of  a  Com- 
munal or  family  council. 

Consfmil-e ;  nearly  alike.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 

*  Consir-o  <«. ;  painful  thought.    The  word  is 
really  Provencal,  cp.  Consiros  in  the  Provencal  lines 
of  D.  Purg.  26.  140—7.     Aff.  -oso. 

Consistente  ;  v.  Consistenza. 

Consistenza  /  ;  i.  Patrimonio  di 
poca  — ,  inheritance  consisting  of  very 
little  ;  Stato  di  —  di  un  patrimonio, 
schedule  of  the  items  of  which  an  in- 
heritance consists.  2.  toughness,  degree 
of  tenacity;  II  legno  di  quercia  ha  molta 
— ,  oak  is  a  very  tough  wood.  3.  con- 
sistence, degree  of  density  of  a  liquid. 
4.  fig.  Idee,  Propositi  che  non  hanno 
— ,  ideas  which  have  no  substance  in 
them. 

—  or  Consistenzia  ;  i.  =  Mantenimento.  La 
donna  non  ha  podesta  nel  corpo  del  marito  se  non 
se  salva  la  Consistenzia  della  sua  persona,  a  woman 
has  no  authority  over  the  body  of  her  husband 
except  as  to  looking  after  his  health,  ii.  Eta  della 
— ,  period  of  life  in  which  there  is  neither  gain  nor 
loss  of  vitality. 

Conslst-ere  perf.  consist-di  or  -e"tti 
-dsti  -e  or  -ette...-e>ono  or  ettero,  part. 
-fto  (L. ;  sistere  is  the  causal  form  of 
stare);  i.  to  consist.  2.  Non  -e!,  no 
matter!;  Non  lo  fare:  ti  tocchera  una 
gridata,  don't  do  it,  you  will  get  scolded; 
Non  -e !,  there  is  nothing  in  that  ! 

3.  Vino  -ente,  wine  that  will  keep.     For 
other  sens«s  of  -ente,  v.  Consistenza. 

*  i.  to  be  situated,    ii.  to  hold  together,    iii.  =  Du- 
rare,  to  endure,     iv.  =  Ostinarsi,  to  persist. 

*Consist-oro  or  -orio;  v.  Concistoro. 
*Consito;  planted  with  trees. 

*  Consobrin-o,  Consubrin-o  in.,  -A/.  (L.,  v. 
Skcat,  sub  Cousin) ;  cousin  on  the  mother's  side. 

Consoci-are  ind.  consocio ;  =  Associate.  Ajf. 
-o,  partner. 

* Consodale  w.  (L.);  companion. 

Consol-are  (A) ;  consular. 

(B)  ind.  console  (L.,<soHus,  entire, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Console  and  Solace) ;  to 
console.  *i.  to  make  an  alloy,  ii.  to 
strengthen  (a  phrase).  AJf.  -abile. 

*  Consol-ariay.;  =  -ato. 

Consolatamdnte ;  comfortably. 

Consolatow. ;  i.  consulate.  2.  (hist.) 
tribunal  of  maritime  commerce. 

Consol-atdre,  -atdrio,  -atrice,  -azibnc  ;  -•. 
•are  (B). 

C6nsol-e,    sometimes    -o    m.    (L.) ; 

1.  consul.     The   word   has   also   been 
used  of  the   head   of  an   academy  or 
the  like,  and  formerly  in  Florence  for 
the  heads  of  the  different  guilds,  Arti. 

2.  —  di  mare,  v.  Consolato  (2). 

Consolida/ ;  (tat.)  i.  comfrey,  ».  Erba  (1290). 
2.  —  minore,  self-heal,  v.  Prunella.  3.  —  regale, 
wild  larkspur,  v.  Sperone. 

Consolid-amento,  -are,  -at6re;  as  E 


Cons611e  f.  indecl.  (Fr.);  side-table, 
console-table. 

Consonante  /.',  consonant. 
Conson-anzayC;  i.  v.  -are.    2.  (tntis.)  counter- 
point. 

Consonare  ind.  consbno;  i.  to  rhyme. 

2.  to  be  consonant. 

C&nsono ;  consonant,  conformable. 

*Consop-ire  (L.);  to  lull  to  sleep,  -ito,  en- 
tranced. 

Consorella/;;  fellow-sister. 
Consbrte  (L.);  associated.     As  st>. :  i.   sprt'g., 
political  associate.     2.    consort.     *  blood  relation. 

Consprteriay.;  faction,  clique. 
*i.    society,  company,     ii.    correspondence,  simi- 
larity, fellowship. 

•Consorto;  associated,  or  as  sb.,  associate.  At 
D.  Purg.  14.  87  the  word  appears  to  stand  for  Con- 
sorzio,  Divieto  di  — ,  exclusion  of  partnership,  the 
possession  of  wealth  being  necessarily  self-regarding, 
unsocial ;  see  Butler's  note  on  the  passage. 

Cons6rzi-o  m.  (L.  consortium) ; 
i.  partnership,  association.  2.  firm. 

3.  society,  union.     4.    connection,  re- 
lationship.   5.  (eccl.)  communion.    AJf. 
-ale,  -almdnte. 

ConsostanziazidneyC;  the  Lutheran  consub- 
stantiation  as  opposed  to  the  Roman  tenet  of  tran- 
substantiation. 

Conspargere,  Conspergere ;  i>.  Cospargere, 
etc. 

Constare  only  used  in  yd  sing. 
Consta ;  i.  to  be  evident,  to  be  proved  ; 
Consta  dell'  assoluta  falsita  delle  sue 
asserzioni,  the  utter  falseness  of  his 
assertions  is  established ;  Non  consta, 
(leg.)  s.  verdict  of  Not  proven.  2.  to  be 
composed  of. 

Constatare,  Costatare  (Fr.,  <  L. 
constat) ;  to  establish  as  a  fact. 

Aff.  Constat-amento,  -azione. 
Cons-tituire,  -tringere,    -truire ;   v.  Costi- 
tuire,  etc. 

Cunsubrino;  v.  Consobrino. 

Cpnsu6t-0  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Custom, 
and  infra,  Sodalizio) ;  accustomed.  Aff. 
-amdnte,  -udinaccia  (pegg.  of  -udine), 
-udinario  customary,  -udine  custom. 

Consulente  ;  consulting  (physician 
or  advocate). 

Consultare  ;  to  consult.  Etym.  L., /req.  of 
consvlere,  to  consult,  of  which  the  second  element  is 
prob.  an  alteration  from  a  root  sud  (  =  Sanskr.  sad), 
to  sit;  cp.  L.  sotium,  a  seat,<***K/*ww,  so  that  the 
orig.  sense  is  to  sit  together.  Or  the  derivation  may 
be  from  a  root  sar,=sat,  to  go,  cp.  Sanskr.  sar-ati, 
to  run,  L.  sal-ire,  to  jump,  which  would  make  the 
orig.  sense  to  be  that  of  running  together. 

Ajf.  Consult-a  consultation  or  consulting-room, 
-ativo  consultative  (voice,  the  right  to  speak  but  not 
lo  vote),  usit.  consultivo,  -atoYe,  -atrice,  -azione,  -ivo 
(v.  -ativo),  *o  professional  consultation.  Avvocato  -(5re 
counsel.  Medico  -bYe  consultant,  -orio  (opinion) 
given  by  a  Consultore.  "Vittima  -oria  victim  from 
which  augury  was  drawn. 

ConsumayC;  the  name  of  a  lake  and  mountain. 
Hence,  Andare  alia  — ,  with  a  play  upon  Con- 
MI  mare,  to  ruin  oneself.  Similarly  Venire  dalla  — , 
to  have  an  insatiable  appetite  ;  this  is  also  expressed 
by  the  phrase  Aver  la  — ,  or  Aver  la  —  in  corpo. 

Consum-are  (A)  (L.  consummare< 
con,  summa,  total) ;  to  consummate. 

(B)  (L.  consumers,  attracted  into 
form  A);  i.  to  consume,  v.  Consume. 
2.  to  wear  out,  v.  Consunto. 

Aff.  -abile,  -acervelli  indecl.,  puzzle 
to  addle  the  brains,  -ame'nto  torture 
(such  as  that  of  seeing  a  young  man 
ruin  himself). 

Consumato ;  \.part.  Consumare  (A). 
As  adj.:  2.  consummate.  3.  worn  out, 
unserviceable.  4.  as  sb.  =  Consume. 


Consum-at6re  in.,  -atrice  /.;  T.  -are. 

Consumazidne  f. ;  i.  consumption, 
waste,  v.  Consume ;  Questo  ragazzo  e 
una  — ,  this  boy  is  a  great  expense. 
2.  Andare  or  Dare  in  — ,  i.e.  into  con- 
sumption in  the  medical  sense,  usu. 
Consunzione.  3.  consummation,  e.g.  of 
a  marriage,  or  of  a  crime ;  Fin  alia  — 
de'  secoli,  until  the  end  of  the  world ; 
La  messa  e  alia  — ,  Mass  is  nearly  over. 

Consum^  m.  (Fr.  consommf) ;  — 
Brodo  ristretto,  strong  soup  or  the  same 
cooled  into  a  jelly. 

*Cpnsumere  (L.);  to  consume.  The/rtr/.  con- 
sunto  is  in  use,  v.  Consunto  in  loco. 

Consuino  m. ;  i.  consumption,  in 
the  economic  sense  ;  Pagare  il  —  or 
\\  lacero  d'  un  oggetto  preso  a  nolo,  to 
pay  for  the  wear  and  tear  of  a  hired 
article ;  Andarsene  in  — ,  to  be  entirely 
used  up  ;  Oggetti  di  — ,  consumable 
stores  ;  Per  mio,  tuo  — ,  scherz.  of  a 
small  but  sufficient  knowledge ;  Sa  un 
po'  di  tedesco  per  suo  — ,  he  knows 
enough  German  to  get  along ;  Prestito 
a  — ,  (leg.)  loan  of  an  article  to  be  re- 
turned uninjured  except  for  fair  wear 
and  tear ;  Dazio  —  ,  an  elliptical  phrase 
for  Dazio  sul  — ,  v.  Dazio.  2.  in  //., 
residues,  unserviceable  stores. 

Oonsuntivo ;  i.  (med.)  absorbent 
(remedy).  2.  Conto,  Bilancio  — ,  or 
as  so.,  II  — ,  the  general  budget  of 
income  and  expenditure  for  a  year  or 
other  complete  period. 

Consunto ;  part,  of  Consumere.  The 
word  Consumere  has  become  obsolete, 
•v.  Consumare,  but  its  participle  has  re- 
mained in  use.  Roba  consunta,  worn- 
out  stores. 

Consunzidne  / ;  i.  =  Consumazione. 
2.  (med.)  consumption. 

Consu&cer-O  m.,  -a  / ;  terms  ex- 
pressing the  relationship  of  the  father 
or  mother  of  a  wife  to  the  father  or 
mother  of  her  husband. 

*Consurgere  (L.);  to  arise. 

Consustanzial-e,  -ita,  -mente ;  consub- 
stantial,  etc. 

Consustanziazione;  v.  Consostanziazione. 
tCdnta/;  Far  alia  — ,  =  Far  al  conto. 
•Conta  <«.;  =  Contado. 

Contabescenza  /.  (L.  tabes,  cp.  Gr.  TTJKIU,  to 
melt);  (tried.)  consumption. 

Contabile  m.  ;  =  Ragioniere,  ac- 
countant. 

Contabilita/;  book-keeping.  Uffi- 
cio  — ,  accountant's  department. 

Contadlna  /  ;  peasant-woman. 
*rustic  dance. 

Contadin-o  m. ;  peasant,  lit.  dweller 
in  a  Contado. 

Aff,  -accio  pegg.,  -ame  peasantry,  -ata  act 
characteristic  of  a  peasant,  -ello  dim.  vezz.,  -esca- 
mente  adv.,  -esco  adj.,  -etto^/w.,  -dne  attgm.,  -otto 
sturdy  peasant,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Contado  m.  (bit.  comitatus,  hence 
orig.  the  area  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
a  comes,  or  count) ;  i.  region  of  market- 
gardens,  small  farms,  etc.,  round  a  city, 
v.  Faggia.  2.  peasant  population. 

*i.  =Contea,  Dominio,  feudal  possession,  ii.  Re- 
care  un  comune,  una  terra  a  — ,  to  discommon  land 
that  had  been  common. 

22 — 2 


172 


CONTAGIO— CONTO 


Contagi-o,  -osamente,  -6so:  contagion,  etc. 
Contagiri    in.  ;    instrument    for   counting    the 
revolutions  of  a  screw,  counter. 

C6ntag6cce  m. ;  dropping-glass. 


*Contamente;     i.     gaily, 
iii.    cautiously. 


ii.     immediately. 


Contamin-abile,  -are,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azibne;  as  E.  Etym.  \j.t<.contairien,  =  **coH- 
ttigmcn,  <  con,  tangere. 

Contant-e,  usu.  in  pi.  -i,  or  Danari 
-i ;  ready  money.  A  -i,  for  cash.  Fig. 
Spacciare  una  cosa  per  — ,  to  give  it 
out  as  true.  Comprare  le  liti,  le 
brighe  a  -i,  to  take  every  opportunity 
of  quarrelling.  Avere  una  cosa  in  -i, 
to  have  a  supply  of  it  always  ready  to 
hand. 

*Contanzay:;=Contezza,  knowledge. 
•Contapassi  »«.;  =  Contatore. 

Contare(Accontare)  ind.  c6nto ;  i.  to 
count.  2.  to  calculate.  3.  =  Raccontare, 
to  relate.  4.  to  value,  to  esteem. 

Etym.  L.  compittare.  For  the  transition  of 
meaning  to  story-telling,  cp.  Juvenal's  Facies  iua 
cotnpittat  antios,  your  face  shows  your  age,  Juv. 
6.  199. 

Contarello ;  v.  Conterello. 
*Contasta  /!;  =  Contrasto. 

Cont-ata  /. ;  counting.  Aff.  -atina 
dim. 

Contat6r-e  m.  ;  i.  story-teller. 
2.  mechanical  tell-tale ;  —  del  gasse, 
gas-meter.  3.  (hist.)  -i  dell"  arte  della 
lana,  persons  who  kept  account  of  the 
work  done  at  different  looms  in  medieval 
Florence. 

Contatto  m. ;  contact. 

Contazi6ne/;  counting. 

C6nte  »i.  (L.  comes,  companion,  < 
com-,  with,  it-urn,  supine  of  ire,  to  go) ; 
count,  earl  (in  England). 

Coutea  /  (It.  conte) ;  i.  county. 
2.  (hist.)  property  to  which  the  title 
of  count  was  attached;  Conte  senza — , 
or  Conte  che  non  conta,  penniless  count. 

Conteggi-are  ind.  contdggio;  i.  to 
do  accounts.  2.  to  include  in  an  ac- 
count. 3.  to  fix  the  price  of,  for  the 
purpose  of  an  account.  4.  -arsi,  of 
two  persons,  to  make  up  their  accounts ; 
Prendete  quest' acconto  ci  conteggeremo 
domani,  take  this  on  account  now,  and 
we  will  settle  up  to-morrow. 

Cpntlggio  m. ;  reckoning,  account- 
keeping. 

•Contegna ./;  =  Contegno,  grave  bearing. 
*Contegnenza/;;  nrea  within  some  circuit. 

Cont^gn-o  m. ;  demeanour,  bearing. 
—  civile,  kind  manner.  Stare  in  — ,  to 
be  reserved,  stiff.  Aff.  -osamdnte,  -oso 
staid. 

Contemper-are  ind.  contempero 
(contemprare)  (L.);  I.  to  temper,  to 
modify;  11  terreno bisogna  -arlo  per  via 
di  diversi  letami  alia  natura  delle  piante, 
the  soil  must  be  modified  by  means  of 
various  manures  so  as  to  suit  the 
character  of  the  plants.  2.  to  mix  in 
the  right  proportions.  3.  to  temper,  to 
moderate.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Contempl-are ;  to  contemplate.  Aff.  -abile, 
-ativo,  -atdre,  .atrice,  -azuSne. 

Etym.  L.;  the  word  was  orig.  used  of  augurs 
in  reference  to  the  defined  space  in  which  they 
watched  the  flight  of  the  birds;  r.  Tempio. 


in. ;    I.    extra  piece  of 
bonus    on    making    a 


Contemporane-am£nte,  -ita,  -o;  as  E. 
*  Contemprare;   i.  —  Contemperare.     ii.  —  Con- 
temptare. 

Cont^ndere  perf.  contesi./arA  con- 
teso(L.);  i.  to  contend.  2.  to  contest; 
Gli  contendevano  quel  posto,  they  con- 
tested his  getting  that  post.  3.  fig. 
Quella  casa  ci  contende  la  vista  dei 
monti,  that  house  prevents  our  seeing 
the  mountains. 

•Cpntenenza /;  i.  contents,  ii.  =  Portamento, 
behaviour.  iii.  =  Contegno,  reserve. 

Con-tenere  ind.  -tengo  -tieni  -tiene  -teniamo 
or  -tenghiamo  -ten^te  -tengono,  perf.  -tenni  -tenesti 
-tenne,  fut.  -tem\  part,  -tenuto;  i.  to  contain. 
As  rejfl. :  2.  to  restrain  oneself.  3.  to  hold  together, 
not  fall  asunder.  *of  an  epidemic,  to  continue. 

*Contenimento  M.  ;  i.  contents,  ii.  abstinence, 
iii.  self-control. 

*Contennendo  (L.  cotitetnnendtts)  ;  contempt, 
ible. 

Content-are  itul.  contento ;  to  satisfy.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ame'nto  (  =  -atura),  -atura  capacity  for  being 
satisfied,  -ezza  contentment. 

*Contentibile ;  contemptible. 

Contentfno 
indulgence.  2. 
purchase. 

•Contentivo;  possessed  of,  furnished  with.  As 
sit. ,  (sttrff.)  contrivance  for  keeping  the  edges  of  a 
broken  bone,  or  of  a  wound,  in  apposition. 

Cont6nt-o(L.);  i.  contented.  —  lui 
-i  tutti,  if  he  is  pleased  so  are  all,  i.e.  he 
is  too  easily  pleased  with  what  he  has 
done.  Cor  — ,  a  sort  of  doll  without 
legs  and  with  a  weight  near  the  bottom 
part  of  its  inside  so  that  in  whatever 
position  it  is  thrown  it  gets  upright. 
Hence  fig.  Pare  un  corcontento,  to  de- 
scribe a  comfortable  and  plump  but 
brainless  sort  of  person. 

As  s6. :  2.  contentment,  easy  cir- 
cumstances. 3.  as  an  expression  of 
affection,  Dov'  e  il  tuo  —  ?,  where  is 
your  little  darling? 

*i.  =Contenuto,  content,  that  which  is  contained. 
ii.  Aver,  Metier,  in  — ,  =  Disprezzare,  Far  disprezzare, 
to  hold  in  indifference,  make  of  no  account,  v.  Con- 
tentore. 

Content6ne;  augm.  Contento. 
*Contentore  m.  (L.  contemptor);  contemner. 

Contenuto ;  part.  Contenere. 
*Contenzay:;  =  Contesa,  contest. 
Contenzi-6ne,  -osamente,  -6so;  as  E. 
Conterello,  Contarello  m.;  dim.  Conto. 
*Conterere(L.);  to  grind  down,  to  crush. 

Conteri-a  f.  (L.  comptus,<comere, 
to  adorn,  v.  Conciare);  fancy  glass, 
Venetian  glass.  Canna  da  -e,  blow- 
pipe for  making  it 

Contermin-ale  i.q.  -o,  -are  to  be  contermin- 
ous, -e  common  ending  of  many  lines,  -o  adj. 

Conterraneo  or  Conterrazzano ; 
belonging  to  the  same  village. 

Cont^sayi;  contest,  opposition.  *al- 
tercation. 

Conteso ;  part.  Contendere. 
Cont&sa/;  countess. 

Contessere  perf.  contesse"!,  part. 
contessuto  or  contesto  (L.  contexere,  v. 
Contesto);  i.  to  interweave,  to  entwine. 
2.  fig.  to  compose,  D.  Par.  19.  37. 

Contessina/;  dim.  Conu-ssa. 
Contestabile ;  v.  Conestal.ile. 

Contestare  ind.  contesto  (A)  (L. 
contestari,  to  open  the  proceedings  by 
calling  the  witnesses,  <  con,  testis) ; 
i.  (leg.)  to  give  formal  notice  of  an 


action.  2.  —  una  trasgressione,  to  show 
to  a  person  that  he  has  offended  the 
police  regulations  and  made  himself 
liable  to  a  penalty.  3.  to  oppose,  to 
contest.  *  =  Protestare. 

*(B)  (fret],  from  L.  contrxere,  contfjrtum);  to 
put  together,  to  construct 

Contestazi6ne_/:;  v.  Contestare  (A). 
Conteste  or  Contestimone  m. ;  fellow-witness. 

Contesto  m.  ( L.  contextum,  <  con, 
texere,  to  weave,  root  tek,  to  form,  v. 
Testo);  i.  context.  2.  context  in  a 
wider  sense ;  Da  tutto  il  —  del  libro,  si 
rileva...,  taking  the  book  as  a  whole, 
we  gather...;  Un  articolo  che  lo  dob- 
biamo  sentirc  nel  — ,  an  article  which 
we  ought  to  hear  in  its  entirety. 

Contestual-e ;  (leg.)  r.  Testimoni  -i, 
witnesses  present  at  the  drawing  up  of 
a  document  and  all  signing  upon  its 
conclusion.  2.  relating  to  the  whole  of 
the  contents  of  a  document,  v.  Con- 
testo (2). 

*  Contestura  yC;  =  Tessitura,  Intrecciamento. 

Cont&sza/ ;  cognisance,  v.  Conto(B). 

*i.  complete  knowledge,  ii.  familiarity,  iii.  ac- 
quaintance. iv.  =  Leggiadria,  gracefulness,  v.  =  Pro- 
dezza,  valour. 

*  Contia  y?;  =  Gra/ia. 

*Conticinio  in. ;  time  of  night  when  all  is  still. 

Conticfno  111. ;  dim.  Conto,  little  bill. 
Fare  un  — ,  to  go  and  have  something 
to  eat  at  the  inn. 

•Contigia  or  ContingiayC  (L.  ctmifl«s,i:  Con- 
teria);   i.   ornamentation,     ii.   in  //.,  stockings  with 
leather  solesj  shoes  and  stockings  in  one. 
*Contigiano;  of  a  count. 
*Contigiato;  richly  attired. 

Contigu-ita,  -o ;  as  E. 
*Contina;  contr.  of  Continua. 
Continentale ;  as  E. 

Continente  m.\  as  E.     As  adj.,  abstemious. 
Contindnzayl;  moderation,  continence. 
Conting-ente  -enza  as  E.,  -ibile  possible. 
•Contingia;  v.  Contigia. 
Contino  m.  •  dim.  Conte,  son  of  a  count. 
Continov-amente,     -are;  =  Continu-amente, 
etc. 

Continovo  m. ;  perpetual  repetition. 
Conttnu-abile,  -amente,  -ar£  -atamente, 
-ativo,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione,  -na;  v.  -o. 

Continue  (L.);  continuous.  Basso  — ,  (>HHS.) 
thorough-bass. 

Contitolare;  in  honour  of  more  saints  than 
one. 

C6nt-o  m.  (A)  (L.  computus,v.  Skeat, 
sub  Account);  \.  reckoning,  i.e.  either 
the  mental  act  or  the  resulting  total. 
2.  account ;  -  -  presuntivo,  estimate ; 
preventive,  budget.  3.  esteem ; 
(Uomo)  di  — ,  or  di  gran  — ,  highly 
esteemed.  4.  Imparare  un  po'  di  — , 
to  learn  a  little  arithmetic.  5.  —  a 
parte,  separate  account ;  —  corrente, 
current  account ;  —  di  vendita,  account 
sales;  —  sconti,  discount  account;  - 
interessi,  interest  account;  (Effetti)  - 
terzi,  for  collection. 

Phrases:  6.  Alia  fin  de'  -i  or  A  -i 
fatti,  in  conclusion,  after  all.  7.  A  bit  on 
— ,  in  the  meantime,  i.e.  by  way  of 
precaution ;  A  buon  —  ho  voluto  la  sua 
firma,  in  the  meantime  I  thought  I  had 
better  have  his  signature.  8.  Cork  de' 
-i,  board  of  exchequer,  board  for  the 
audit  of  public  accounts.  9.  Far  — ,  to 
imagine ;  Fate  —  d'  averli  in  tasca,  you 
believe  you  have  them  in  your  pocket ; 
lo  fo  —  di  esser  sempre  con  lui  sebbene 


CONTORCERE— CONTRAPPASSARE 


sia  morto,  I  imagine  myself  to  be  still 
with  him  though  he  is  dead.  10.  Fare 
al  —  or  at  tocco,  selection  of  a  person 
as  follows.  All  the  party  hold  up  their 
hands,  each  extending  as  many  fingers 
as  he  pleases.  These  are  counted  suc- 
cessively, and  the  person  whose  number 
added  to  all  the  preceding  completes 
a  previously  agreed  number  is  the 
person  selected,  n.  Far  di  — ,  to  do 
sums  in  arithmetic.  12.  Far  —  di  or 
sopra,  to  count  upon,  depend  upon. 

13.  Fare  i  -i,  to   make   up  accounts. 

14.  Fare  i  -i  addosso  ad  uno,  to  pry  into 
his  proceedings.     15.  Levare  il  — ,  to 
make  an  extract  of  an  account  from  the 
ledger.    16.  Meritareil — ,  Metier — ,  or 
Tornar  — ,  to  be  worth  while.     17.  Sa- 
pere  il  —  suo,  to  know  one's  business. 

1 8.  -i  da  speziali,  accounts  from  which 
a    large    discount    has    to    be    made. 

19.  Tetter  di  —  di,  to  take  great  care  of; 
Ho   trovato   un   ottimo  padrone   e   ne 
tengo  di  — ,  I  have  found  a  very  good 
master  and  I  do  not  mean  to  lose  him  ; 
Prendi  questi  quattrini  e  tienne  di  — , 
here  is  this  money,  now  take  great  care 
of  it ;  Tien  piu  di  —  di  quel  ngliuolo 
che  di  se  stessa,  she  takes  much  more 
care  of  that  little  boy  of  hers  than  she 
does   of  herself.      20.     Tornar  — ,   v. 
supra  (16). 

21.  As/arA;  syncop.  of  Contato. 

*  i.  —  fermo,  account  in  which  no  further  entry 
may  be  made.  ii.  —  morto,  closed  account, 
iii.  Metter  a  — ,  to  put  out  at  interest,  iv.  Porre 
— ,  =  Metter  — ,  i>.  supra  (16).  v.  Rivedere  i  -i, 
to  vomit,  vi.  Npn  tener  —  di  far  una  cosa,  to  make 
no  scruple  over  it.  vii.  Non  vuule  il  pane  a  — ,  he 
desires  to  have  a  free  hand.  viii.  Per — ,  =  Appun- 
tino,  precisely,  ix  Fuor  d'  ogni  —  or  Fuor  — 
alcuno,  numberless,  x.  =  Scotto.  xi.  Metter  in — , 
to  make  a  memorandum,  xii.  =  Racconto,  story, 
discourse. 

*(B)  (L.  cognitus)',  i.  known,  ii.  trained,  D. 
Inf.  33.  31  and  Par.  25.  10,  well  directed,  D.  Purg. 

2.  56.      iii.    clear,   D.   Inf.   3.   76  and    Purg.   2.   56. 
Some  similar  meaning  may  be  adopted  at  Inf.  10.  30, 
though  Carlyle's  translation  "  numbered  "  is  equally 
natural  and  gives  nearly  the  same  sense. 

*(C)  (\..  cemptas,  v.  Conteria);  adorned,  grace- 
ful. I.eggiadra  e  bella  e  di  maniere  -e,  light  and 
fair  and  with  pretty  manners,  Ariosto,  Orl.  Fur. 
32.  83. 

(D)  the  Portuguese  Conto  or  thousand  milreis 
=^220  sterling. 

Contdrcere  ind.  contorco,  perf.  con- 
torsi,  part,  contorto  (L.  contorquere} ;  to 
contort.  Aff.  Contorcime'nto. 

Contorn-are  ind.  contorno  (It.  con- 
torno);  I.  to  surround.  2.  to  garnish, 
to  provide  with  an  ornamental  border. 

3.  to  trim  the  circumference  of.   4.  -arsi 
a  =  Ricorrere  a,  to  resort  to.    5.  to  sketch 
in  outline. 

Contornino  m.  •  dim.  Contorno,  light 
border. 

Contdrno  m.  (It.  con,  torno,  circle) ; 
i.  outline.  2.  rim  ;  Un  mazzo  con  un 
bel  —  di  rose,  a  bouquet  with  a  nice 
line  of  roses  along  the  outside.  3.  in 
//-,  =  Dintorni,  confines,  surrounding 
neighbourhood. 

Contornuccio  m.;  dim.  sfrreg.  Contorno  (3). 

Contor-si6ne/;;  as  E. 

Contdrt-o /<*»•/.  Contorcere.     Aff.  -amente. 

C6ntra-  prefix  of  opposition,  <  L.  contra, 
originally  ablative  /.  of  ** '  contrus,  a  comparative 
adj.  formed  from  the  preposition  con,  cp.  extra,  < 


C6ntra  f.  ;  (tHar.)  each  of  two  extra  ropes 
fastened  to  the  lower  corners  of  the  courses  in  a 
large  ship.  fas//.  ;«.,  =  Controvelacci,  royals. 

Contrabastone  m. ;  {herald.)  v.  Contrafiletto. 

Contrabballata ;  v.  Controballata. 

Contrabbandato ;  (fteraid.)  with  opposite 
bends. 

Contrabbandier-e  m.,  -a/.;  smug- 
gler. 

Contrabbando  m.  ;  contraband, 
smuggling. 

Contrabbass-o  m. ;  double-bass.  Aff. 
-ista. 

Contrabbie'tta/I;  counter-wedge,  v.  Bietta. 
Contrabbilanciare;  v.  Controbilanciare. 
Contrabbollare ;  v.  Controbollare. 
Contrabbbrdo  m.\  (mar.)  sheathing. 
tContracapdne  m. ;  (w<zr.)=Bozza  di  capone, 
rope  for  second  catting  the  anchor. 

t  Contracarre  m.  ;  =  Quadrato  dei  guard iemarina, 
gun-room. 

Cpntraccambiare  ;  to  make  a  return 
for  kindness  or  civility  received. 

Contraccambio  m. ;  return.  *  mutual 
contract. 

Contraccapi6ne  m.;  (mar.)  upper  part  of  the 
poop. 

Contraccappa ;  -i.  Controcappa. 
Contraccarena/:;  (mar.)  keelson  of  a  galley. 

Contraccassa/  ;  outer  casing.  Non 
mi  passava  neanche  per  la  —  del  cer- 
vello,  or  simply,  per  la  — ,  such  an  idea 
never  entered  into  my  head. 

Contraccava;  v.  Controcava. 

Contracchiav-e  (Controchiave)  / ; 

1.  key  for  double-locking.    2.  false  key. 
Aff.  -are. 

Contracc-ifera  or  -ifra  ;  r/.  Controcifra. 

Contraccdlpo  m. ;  counter-stroke, 
recoil,  repercussion. 

Contraccop^rta/  ;  wrapper  used  to 
protect  the  binding  of  a  book. 

Contraccu6re ;  heart-breaking.  *As 
s6.,  grief. 

Contraccusa  / ;  counter-charge. 

Contracifera;  v.  Controcifern. 
tContracoldmba  f. ;    (mar.)  =  Controchiglia, 
false  keel. 

Contracolbnna ;  v.  Controcolonna. 

Contrada  /.  (mlt.  contrata,  <  L. 
contra,  as  being  that  which  lies  opposite, 
cp.  Germ.  Gegend<gegen);  i.  street. 

2.  expanse  of  country. 

K^  Contrada  is  a  principal  street, 
Strada  is  a  more  general  term,  several 
Strade  may  open  into  one  Contrada, 
not  vice  versd.  *  Contrada  was,  and  at 
Siena  still  is,  a  quarter  in  a  town. 

Contraddanza  f. ;  square  dance. 
'—  inglese,  country-dance. 

Contraddettay^;  (leg. )  second  summons. 
•Contraddetto  m.;  i.  =Contradizione.    ii.  =  Im- 
pedimento. 

Contraddire;  v.  Conlradire. 
*Contraddiritto  m.;  (leg.)  fine. 

Contraddistinguere ;  to  mark  in  contradis- 
tinction. 


*Contraddivieto  . 


=  Contrabbando. 


Contraddbte  /  ;  =  Sopraddote. 
Contradicco  /«.;  strengthening  dam. 

*  Contradio  ;  =  Contrario. 

Contra-dire  or  -ddire  ind.  contra- 
dico,  perf.  contradissi,  parts,  contradi- 
cfente  contrade'tto ;  to  contradict. 

Aff.  Contraditt-(5re,  -oriamente,  -tfrio ;  Contra- 
dizion-cella  dim.,  -e. 


C on traddt a  f. ;  =  Sopraddote. 

Contra^nte ;  v.  Contrarre. 
Contrafag6tto  m. ;  double  bassoon. 

Contraffaccia/ ;  corresponding,  op- 
posite piece. 

Contraff-are  ind.  contraffo  or  con- 
traffaccio,  etc.,  like  Fare;  i.  to  counter- 
feit, to  forge.  2.  to  disobey  (a  regulation). 
3.  to  adulterate.  4.  -arsi,  to  disguise 
oneself. 

Coiitraffato ;  counterfeit,  v.  Con- 
traffare. 

Contraffattore  m. ;  i.  coiner.  2.  (leg.) 
contravener. 

Contraffazi6ne  /  ;  counterfeiting. 
-  d'  un  libro,  reproduction  of  a  book 
in  defiance  of  the  author's  rights. 

Contraffilare ;  i.  (shoem.)  to  cut 
away  the  Contraffilo.  2.  (term  of  silk- 
throwing)  in  doubling  the  silk  to  place 
a  thicker  or  darker  coloured  thread 
alongside  of  a  thinner  or  lighter  coloured 
one  so  as  to  get  a  better  pair. 

Contraffilo  /«.;  (shoem.)^^*  parte  della  tra- 
mezza  che  sporge  e  si  taglia  attorno  alia  scarpa  per 
riunirla,  part  of  the  welt. 

Contraffmestra ;  v.  Controfinestra. 

Contraffdrte  m. ;  i. buttress.  2.  heavy 
iron  bar  for  securing  a  door.  3.  (mar.) 
—  dei  bagli,  =  Dormiente,  clamp. 

Contrafilitto   m.;    (herald.)   a   bend    sinister 
diminished    to    one.fifth    of   its    usual    width,   also 
termed  Contrabastone;  it  is  a  mark  of  bastardy. 
tContrafloc  m.  ;  =  Controfiocco. 

Contraggenio  m. ;  disinclination. 

Contragg6mito  m. ;  bend  in  the 
opposite  bank  of  a  river. 

Contragguardia/;  counterguard  in  fortifica- 
tion, a  low  work  in  front  of  a  bastion. 

Contraierva  /;  snake  root,  Dorslenia  Con- 
trayen'a,  a  West  Indian  and  S.  American  plant. 

*  Contraimento   m.;  =  Contrarre  as  sb.,   con- 
tracting. 

Contra-Ugge,  -llettera,  -lleva,  -llizza, 
-ilurne  ;  v.  Controlegge,  Controlettera,  etc. 

Contraltare  m. ;  lit.  counter-altar, 
i.e.  rival  project.  Fare  un  contr"  altare, 
to  damage  an  enterprise  by  setting  up 
another  in  opposition. 

Contraltino  in.:  a  high  tenor. 
Contralto  m.  \  the  deepest  sort  of  female  voice. 
*Contramastro  m.;  (mar.)  mate. 

Contramerlat-o  ;  (herald.)  Pezza  -a,  ordinary 
battlemented  on  the  two  sides,  or  underneath  so  that 
the  battlements  are  upside  down. 

Contrammaestro ;  v.  Contromaestro. 
Contrammalia/".;  counter-charm. 
Contrammandare;  v.  Contromandare. 
Contrammantice;  v.  Contromantice. 
Contrammerlato;  v.  Contramerlato. 
Contramm-ezzana,  -ina;  v.  Contromezzana, 
etc. 

Contrammiraglio  in.;  rear-admiral. 
*Contrammomento  m. ;  resistance. 
*Contranello  m. ;  guard-ring. 
*Contran-niso  m.,  or  -nitenza  f,;   opposing 
force. 

Contrapappafico  m. ;  (war.)=Controvelaccio. 
•Contrapensare;  v.  Contrappensare. 
Contrapertura./;  (surg-.)  counter-opening. 

Contrappalata  / ;  extra  palisade. 

Contrappalco  m. ;  framework  of  a 
ceiling  distinct  from  that  of  the  floor 
above. 

*Contrapparare  ;  to  oppose. 

Contrappassante ;  (herald.)  counter-passant, 
viz.  when  two  animals  are  passant  in  opposite 
directions. 

*  Contrappassare  ;      i.      to    intercommunicate, 
ii.    to  offend  against  the  law.     iii.    tr.   to  measure 
by  stepping. 


174 


CONTRAPPASSO— CONTRINQUARTARE 


*Contrappasso  m.  (A)  (It.  contrappassare)  ; 
i.  mutual  approach  in  dancing,  ii.  {-vet.)  a  kind  of 
amble. 

(B)(L.  contra,  passjts,<patior);  law  of  retribu- 
tion, lex  talionis. 

Contrappelare ;  to  shave  against 
the  lie  of  the  hair. 

Contrapp&llo  ;;/. ;  second  roll  call. 

Contrappelo  m. ;  a  second  shave, 
•viz.  against  the  lie  of  the  hair.  Fare 
il  — ,  or  il  pelo  e  il  —  a  una  persona,  to 
criticise  him  minutely.  The  phrase  is 
also  applied  to  boiling  water,  Questa  fa 
il  pelo  e  il  — ,  this  is  boiling  furiously. 
Also  of  cloth,  Spazzolare  a  — ,  to  brush 
against  the  nap.  Andare  —  a  uno,  to 
take  a  person  the  wrong  way. 

*Contrappensare  or  Contrapensare ;  i.  to 
form  a  contrary  opinion,  il.  to  contrive  so  as  to 
nullify  a  plan. 

Contrappesare   ind.    contrapp^so ; 

1.  to  counterbalance.     2.   to  estimate 
the   weight   of  a  thing  by  poising   it. 
3-  (fiS-}  to  examine  carefully,  to  weigh 
the  pros  and  cons  of  some  proceeding. 

Contrappdso  m.;    i.    counterpoise. 

2.  balancing  pole. 

Contrapp6ni  m.  indecl. ;  fault-finder. 

Contrappdrre  ind.  contra-ppongo 
-pp6ni  -pp6ne  -pponiamo  or  -ppon- 
ghiamo  -ppondte  -pp6ngono,farf.  -pposi 
-ppondsti,yW.  -pporr6,  part.  -pp6sto;  to 
oppose.  Far  contrapposto,  to  be  in 
contrast. 

Contrapportay;;  v.  Controporta. 

Contrapposizi-oncella/;;  dim.  of -one,  an- 
tithesis. 

Contrapposizi6neyl;  i.  as  E.     2.  antithesis. 

Contrappotenzay^;  i.  opposing  force.  2.  one 
of  the  parts  of  a  watch. 

Contrappozzo  m.;  secondary  shaft  in  a  mine. 

Contrapprdccio  m. ;  (;«//.)  counter-approach. 
*Contrappuntare;  i.  to  rest  one  body  against 
another,     ii.   (MM.)  to  write  counterpoint. 

Contrappunt-0  m.;  (mm.}  counter- 
point, the  composing  of  music  in  parts. 
The  lit.  meaning  is,  point  against  point, 
from  the  points  or  dots  which  repre- 
sented musical  notes  and  were  placed 
on  staves  over  or  against  each  other  in 
compositions  containing  two  or  more 
parts. 

*i.  placing  a  note  above  or  under  another,  ii.  the 
part  added  by  a  student  in  learning  counterpoint, 
iii.  =  Bordone,  accompaniment,  iv.  Far  —  a  uno, 
=  Tenergli  bordone,  to  be  his  assistant  or  accom- 
plice. Aff.  -ista. 

ContrarcatayT;  (mus.)  drawing  the  bow  across 
the  strings  of  a  violin  when  it  ought  to  be  pushed 
and  vice  versA. 

Contrargine  m. ;  secondary  dike,  in 
reinforcement. 

Contrariamente ;  i.  contrariwise.  2.  (math.) 
in  inverse  proportion. 

Contrariare;  i.  to  gainsay,  to  thwart.  2.  to 
contradict. 

Contrarieta  f.\  i.  diversity.  2.  prejudice, 
dislike.  3.  difficulties,  untoward  events.  —  del 
tempo,  unseasonable  weather. 

Contrario  (L.);  contrary. 

Contrarmellinato;  (herald.)  black  but  with 
white  spots. 

*  Contrarollare ;  to  register. 

Contr-arre  ind.  -aggo  -ai  -ae  -ag- 
ghiamo  -adte  -aggono,  perf.  -assi  -a^sti, 
fut.  -arro, parts,  -aente  -atto;  i.  to  con- 
tract. 2.  to  form  (engagements,  friend- 
ships, etc.). 

*In  che  era  contratta  tal  natura,  in  whom  (our) 
nature  had  been  bound  up,  D.  Par.  7.  45,  referring 
to  the  personality  of  Christ 


*Contrarte  f.\  counter-trick. 

Contrasbarrato ;  (herald.)  divided  by  diagonals 
of  two  different  colours. 

Contrasc6na;  v.  Controscena. 
*  Contrasciamito  m. ;  cloth  worked  in  fine  gold. 

Contrascbtta./?;  (mar.)  extra  rope  fastened  to 
the  leeward  lower  corner  of  one  of  the  courses,  v. 
Contra. 

Con traspal Hera  /;  =  Controspalliera. 

Contraspalto  m. ;  (fortif.)  second  glacis. 

Contrasprdne  m. ;  i.  seating  of  the  spring  of 
a  carriage.  2.  =  Controsprone. 

Contrasse  /  ;  inner  lining  board  of 
the  body  of  a  carriage  or  waggon. 

Contrassegnare  ind.  contrassegno ; 
to  place  a  mark  upon. 

Contrassegno  m. ;  I .  mark.  2.  sign 
(of  rain).  3.  in  //.,  =  Connotati,  de- 
scriptive marks.  4.  countersign. 

Contrassoggetto;  v.  Controsoggetto. 

Contrastabil-e ;  questionable.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Contrastampa  or  Controstampa/; 
counterproof,  an  inverted  impression 
obtained  from  a  newly  printed  proof  of 
an  engraving  by  laying  it  while  the  ink 
is  still  wet  upon  plain  paper  and  passing 
it  through  the  press.  Aff.  Contrastam- 
pare,  vb. 

Contrast-are ;  i.  to  dispute,  to 
contest;  Gli  volete  —  un  desiderio 
innocente?  do  you  want  to  oppose  his 
innocent  wish?  2.  to  struggle  for;  Si 
-ano  in  cento  un  impieguccio  che  non 
leva  la  fame,  there  are  hundreds  to 
struggle  for  a  wretched  job  at  starvation 
wages.  3.  to  impugn  (a  statement), 
deny  (a  privilege  to  some  one).  Also 
intr.  Non  contrasto,  I  do  not  deny  it. 
4.  —  or  -arsi,  to  wrangle.  5.  —  alia 
mano,  of  a  horse,  to  get  out  of  control. 
6.  Una  zeppa,  una  bietta  -a,  or  non  -a, 
con  un  mobile,  i.e.  the  wedge  keeps  or 
does  not  keep  the  piece  of  furniture 
steady.  7.  -ato,  in  two  minds ;  Vi  darei 
retta  ma  son  -ato,  I  would  listen  to  you 
but  am  doubtful  about  the  matter. 

Contrastellay^;  a  watchmaker's  tool. 

Contrasto  m. ;  \.  conflict  of  ideas 
or  opinions ;  Metier  in  — ,  to  dispute 
the  fact ;  Senza  — ,  beyond  all  question. 
2.  contrast.  3.  A  — ,  (a)  the  other  way 
about;  Metti  codesto  martello  a  —  se 
vuoi  piantarci  il  chiodo,  use  the  hammer 
the  other  way  about  if  you  want  to  drive 
the  nail  in  there,  (b)  caught;  M'  e 
rimasto  un  dito  a  —  tra  1'  uscio  e  la 
soglia,  my  finger  got  caught  by  the 
door;  Nella  gola  dell'  acquaio  c"  e 
rimasto  un  granatino  a  — ,  there  is  a 
small  brush  caught  in  the  waste-pipe  of 
the  sink.  4.  block,  obstruction ;  II 
piombino  non  va  piu  giii,  c'  e  un  —  nel 
canale,  the  weight  will  not  go  any  lower, 
the  pipe  is  stopped.  5.  Aver  —  a,  to 
withstand,  D.  Inf.  7.  85. 

Contrastdmaco;  v.  Controstomaco. 
•Contrasvellere;  to  tear  into  ribbons. 

*  Contrata./;  =  Contrada. 

*  Cont  ratela  f. ;  =  Controscarpa. 

Contratt-abile ;  to  be  bought,  i.e. 
the  owner  of  the  article  is  ready  to  treat. 

Contrattacco  ;«.;  counter  attack;  in  fencing, 
movement  of  passing  the  foil  from  one  side  to  the 
other  so  as  to  dominate  the  foil  of  the  adversary. 

Contrattaglio  or  Controtaglio  tn. ;  i.  in 
etching,  Lavorare  di  — ,  to  draw  intersecting  lines 


so  as  to  deepen  the  shadows,     a.    in  pi.,  a  kind  of 
flower-work  upon  velvet. 

Contrattam^nte ;  by  contraction. 

Contratt-are ;  to  treat  for  the  pur- 
chase or  sale  of,  or  intr.  to  carry  on 
negotiations,  to  haggle.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Contrattfempo  m. ;  i.  untoward  in- 
cident, contretemps.  2.  Parlare,  Operare 
a  — ,  i.e.  inopportunely.  3.  Prendere 
un  — ,  to  snatch  an  occasion ;  La  sta- 
gione  non  mi  par  molto  bella  ma 
vedro  di  prendere  un  --  per  venire 
alia  villa,  the  weather  does  not  seem 
very  promising  but  I  will  manage  to 
snatch  some  opportunity  for  coming  up. 
4.  Dare  alia  palla  di  — ,  to  strike  at  the 
ball,  (a)  at  the  wrong  moment,  or  (6)  on 
the  half-volley.  5.  (mus.)  syncopation. 
6.  in  fencing,  unexpected  coup.  7.  un- 
expected change  of  feet  when  a  horse  is 
cantering. 

*  Fare  un  — l  to  disconcert  an  affair. 
Contratt-ile  ;  contractile.     Aff.  -ilita. 
Contrattino  in. ;  dim.  Contralto,  short  contract. 

Contratt-o  m.  ;  contract.  -  di 
societa,  partnership  agreement.  As 
part.,  v.  Contrarre. 

Aff.  -<5ne  augm.,  -uale  adj.,  -uccio  spreg. 

*  Contrattura    f. ;     (med.)  =  Rattrappimento, 
shrivelling. 

•Contrausanza  /;=Scosturaatezza. 

Contra-  or  Contro-vaiato ;  (herald.)  v. 
Vaio  (4). 

Contravvallazi6ne  f.  ;  countervallation, 
trenches  round  a  fortress  made  by  the  besiegers 
to  prevent  sorties  by  the  garrison. 

*  Contravvedere  ;  to  view  with  displeasure. 

Contrawel^no  m.  •  antidote. 

Contra-yvenire  ind.  contravvengo 
-vvieni  -vviene  -vveniamo  or  *-vven- 
ghiamo  -vvenfte  -vvengono,  perf.  con- 
travvdnni  -vvenisti,  fut.  contravverro, 
part,  contravvenuto  ;  to  contravene. 
Aff.  -vventore,  -vvenzione. 

Contra  wiso,  Controawiso  m. ;  con- 
trary information. 

Contravvite  f.;  =  Madrevite,  nut  of  a  screw- 
bolt. 

Contrazidn-eyC;  contraction.    Aff.  -cefla  (//;;/. 
*Contremiscere    ind.     contremisco    (L.);     to 
tremble. 

*Contrettare  (L.,<<w/,  tractare);  to  handle, 
to  deal  with. 

Contribufente  m. ;  i.  contributor. 
2.  tax-payer. 

Contribu-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  contribute. 

*  Contribute  m. ;  fellow-tribesman. 

Contribute  m. ;  I.  voluntary  con- 
tribution. 2.  Venire  a  — ,  to  accept  a 
composition  (on  the  part  of  creditors  of 
a  bankrupt),  usu.  Venire  a  concordato. 

Contribuzi6ne/  ;  tax  or  other  fixed 
contribution. 

Contrimboscata/ ;  counter-ambush. 
Contrimpannata/ ;  double  window. 

Contrina/;  in//.,  ropes  tied  to  the 
ends  of  the  props  of  nets  for  birds,  so 
called  because  the  two  front  ones  should 
be  opposite,  di  contro,  to  those  which 
are  tied  to  the  inferior  extremities,  so 
that  they  may  all  act  together ;  they  are 
also  called  Riscontri  for  the  same  rea- 
son. 

Contrindicare ;  v.  Controindicare. 
Contrinquartare ;    (herald.)    to    divide    into 
sixteenths,  i.e.  to  quarter  the  quarter  of  a  shield. 


CONTRINVETRIATA— CONTRORIVOLUZIONE 


Contrinvetriatay:;  opposite  window. 
Contr-ire  ind.   -isco  (L.  antttrm);   to  grind 
down  (obsolete  except  in  fart.  -ito). 
Contristabile  ;  saddening. 

Contrist-are  ;  to  sadden.  Aff.  -a- 
me'nto,  -at6re. 

•Contritare  ;  to  grind  to  powder. 

Contrft-0  ;  contrite,  v.  Contrire. 
Aff.  -amente. 

Contrizi6n-e/!;  contrition.  Far  1'  atto  di  —  , 
to  prepare  for  death.  Aft  -cella  dim. 

C6ntro  (variant  of  Contra,  q.v.)  ; 
against,  opposite  to.  Dar  —  ,  to  con- 
tradict. As  sb.  indecl.  (mar.}  —  Con- 
trovelacci,  royals.  Incrociare  i  contro, 
to  get  up  the  royal  yards. 

Controalette  /.  pi.  ;  (mar.)  quarter  pieces. 

Controasta  /;  guide-rod  (of  a 
piston). 

Controawiso  ;  v.  Contrawiso. 
Controballata  /  ;  antistrophe. 

Controbanco  m.  ;  =  Puntapiede, 
stretcher. 

Controbarre  f.  pi,  ;  outriggers  for  giving 
greater  spread  to  top-gallant  back-stays. 

Controbatteria/;  counter-battery. 

Controbattutay;  ;  i.  repercussion  of  a  wave 
off  the  bank  of  a  river.  2.  (mus.)  Musica  in  —  , 
when  the  accent  does  not  fall  upon  the  first  but  on 
some  other  time  of  the  music. 

Controbelvedere  m.;  (mar.)  mizen  roya!  sail. 

Controbigli^tto  m.  ;  confirmatory 
letter. 

Contro-  or  Contrab-bilianciare  ;  to  balance. 
Controbittayl;  (war.)  spur  of  the  bitts. 
Controbdccaporto  m.;  (mar.)  hatchway  cover. 

Contro-  or  Contrab-bollare  ;  to 
counter-seal. 

Contro-  or  Contrab-bollo  m.  ;  second 
seal. 

Controbdrdo  m.  ;  (mar.)  opposite 
tack. 

Controbordsa  /.  •  (mar.)  i.  preventer  head- 
earing.  2.  —  di  terzaruolo,  preventer  reef-earing. 

Controbracci  m.  pi.  ;  (mar.)  —  di  maestra, 
preventer  main-braces. 

Controbraccia  !  ;  (mar.)  brace  round  ! 

Controbriglia  f.;  (mar.)  —  del  bompresso, 
preventer  bobstay. 

Contro-  or  Contrac-cappa  /  ;  flap 
placed  to  prevent  a  fireplace  from 
smoking. 


Controcaricaboline 
lines. 


/.;  (mar.)  outer  leech 


Controcart^lla/  ;  i.  side-  plate  of  a 
rifle.  2.  duplicate  sheets  of  accounts. 

Contro-  or  Contrac-cassa  /  ;  outer 
casing. 

Controcate'na  /  ;  second  chain  for 
convicts. 

Contro-  or  Contrac-cava/;  counter- 
mine. 

Contr'6cchio  m.;  (mar.)  —  delle  cubic,  hawse- 
block  or  plug. 

Controchiama  yT;=ContrappelIo. 

Controchiamata  /  ;  second  note  of 
reference,  for  an  insertion  to  be  made 
within  an  insertion,  v.  Chiamata  (2). 

Controchiave;  -j.  Contracchiave. 

Controchiavetta  /.  ;  gib,  on  a  steam  engine, 
wedge-shaped  piece  of  metal  holding  another  in 
place. 

Controchfglia  /  ;  (mar.)  false  keel. 
—  .  interna,  upper  false  keel. 


Contro-  or  Contrac-cifra  / ;  key  to 
a  cipher. 

Controcign6ne  tn. ;  duplicate  strap,  v.  Cignone. 

Contro- or  Contra-colonna/;  pillar 
behind  another  one. 

Controc61po  m. ;  return  stroke. 

Controcommissione  /  ;  counter- 
commission. 

Controcoperta/ ;  (mar.)  spar-deck. 

Contrpcorrezidne  /  ;  correction  of 
a  correction. 

Controc6rsayl;  —  dellavalvoladidistribuzione, 
lead  of  the  slide  valve  (of  a  machine). 

Controcorsie  f.  pi. ;  (mar.)  fore  and  aft  car- 
lings. 

ControcriticayC;  counter-criticism. 

Controcrocette.///. ;  (wrtj-.)Jack  cross-trees; 
royal  cross-trees. 

Controdado  in.\  jam-nut,  check-nut. 

Controdata  / ;  fresh  date,  i.e.  date 
placed  on  a  letter  at  the  time  of  its 
despatch,  it  having  been  written  and 
dated,  but  not  sent,  some  time  pre- 
viously. 

Controdecre'to  m. ;  counter-decree. 

Controdichiarazidne  /  ;  counter- 
declaration. 

Controd6te  /  ;  =  Sopraddote,  mar- 
riage settlement. 

Controfascia  /  ;  i.  extra  covering 
for  a  heavy  package.  2.  side-piece  of 
a  violin.  3.  (mar.)  furring,  wood-sheath- 
ing. 

Controfasciare ;  (mar.)  to  fur,  to 
sheath  (a  ship). 

Contro-  or  Contraf-flnestra  / ; 
double-window. 

Contro-fl&CCO  or  -fi6cco  m.  ;  (mar.) 
flying  jib. 

Contro-  or  Contraf-f6dera/ ;  i.  = 
Controfascia.  2.  inner  lining  placed 
between  a  cloth  and  its  lining. 

Controfolpo  m. ;  (mar.)  lifter-up. 

Controf6ndo  m. ;  double  bottom. 

Cpntrofirti  m.  pi. ;  (mar.)  =  Pontuali  dei 
banchi  d'  una  lancia,  risings. 

Controf&rzayl;  opposing  force. 

Controfbsso  m. ;  i.  =  Cunetta.  a.  (fortif.) 
advanced  ditch. 

ControgabbieyT//.;  (mar.)  upper  topsails. 

Controgovferno  m.  ;  opposition 
government. 

Controlandayl;  (mar.)  preventer  chain-plate; 
they  are  fixed  below  the  chain-plates. 

Controleggey;;  contrary  law. 

Controletteray:;  letter  modifying  a  former  one. 

ControlSvayt;  counter-lever. 
•Controlizzayl;  low  barrier  placed  within  the 
lists  at  a  tournament. 

Controll-are  ind.  controllo  (Fr.  word 
Italianised) ;  to  check  accounts,  etc. 
Aff.  -o,  -ore. 

Contrpluce/; ;  wrong  light,  as  when 
a  picture  is  hung  between  two  windows. 

Controlume  m.  •  bad  light,  light  in 
one's  eyes,  the  same  as  Controluce,  but 
said  of  an  artificial  light. 

Contro-  or  Contram-ma^stro  ;«. ; 
rival  tutor. 

Contro-  or  Contram-mand-are ;  to 
countermand,  -ato ;  recalled,  or  as 
sd.,  recall. 


Contro-  or  Contram-mantice  m. ; 
hood  for  covering  the  front  part  of  a 
carriage. 

ContromantigU  tn.pl.  \  (mar.)  preventer  lifts. 

Contromarca  / ;  countermark. 

Contromarcia  /  ;  i.  countermarch. 
2.  (mar.)  Virare  in  poppa  (in  prora)  per 
la  — ,  to  veer  (to  tack)  in  succession. 

Contromarciapiede    m. ;    (mar.)    "  Flemish 
horse,"  a  sort  of  stirrup  at  the  end  of  a  yard. 
Contromezzana/;;  (mar.)  mizen  topsail. 
Contro-  or  Contram-mfna,/;  countermine. 

Controm611a  /. ;  extra  spring. 
Contromuro  m. ;  supporting  wall. 

Contronbta/  ;  counter-note,  note  in 
reply,  or  explanatory  of  another  note. 

Controordinata  y! ;  (mar.)  reversed  frame,  v. 
Paasch,  Diz.  mar.,  plate  18. 

Controostino  ;«.;  (mar.)  preventer  vang. 

Contropagliublo  in.  ;  (mar.)  dunnage,  loose 
flooring. 

Controparte  /  ;  i.  =  Controscena. 
2.  (leg.)  opponent. 

Contropendenza  / ;  opposite  slope. 

•Contropensare;  to  think  over. 

Controperazi6ne  /  ;  counter- work- 
ing. 

Contropteza  /  ;  i.  edge-strip,  lap 
for  laying  on  the  seam  between  two 
adjoining  plates.  2.  —  alle  testate  delle 
lamiere,  butt-strap. 

Controptega/;  counter-fold  to  a  fold 
in  cloth,  making  a  box-plait. 

Controp6rta  (Contrapporta)  / ; 
second  door  (of  a  strong  room,  etc.). 

Controportfcllo  m.  ;  (mar.)  dead 
light. 

Contropot^nzayC;  one  of  the  parts  of  a  watch. 
Controprofilare ;   in  varnisher's  work,  to  vein 

with  a  different  colour. 

Controprop6sta  / ;  counter-pro- 
posal. 

Controprbva  / ;  i.  repetition  of  a 
test,  recount  of  a  vote,  e.g.  by  calling  on 
those  members  to  stand  up  who  at  the 
first  vote  had  been  desired  to  remain 
seated.  2.  i.q.  Controstampa,  counter- 
proof. 

Controquerfcla  / ;  counter-charge. 

Controralle  f.  pl.\  —  dei  cuscinetti,  upper 
brasses,  upper  bushes,  of  a  machine. 

Controranda./;  (mar. )  mizen  gaff  topsail. 

Contrordin-are  ind.  contrordino ;  to 
countermand.  Aff.  -e. 

Controrecchidney;;  plate  covering  the  trun- 
nion plates  of  a  gun. 

Controreclamo  m. ;  counterclaim. 

Controregistro  m. ;  register  taken 
for  the  purpose  of  checking  a  former 
one. 

Controresistdnza/  ;  that  which  im- 
proves the  resisting  power  of  anything, 
strengthening  piece. 

Controribaditura  /  ;  burr,  rivet- 
plate. 

Controricevuta  / ;  counter-receipt 
given  on  satisfaction  of  mutual  claims. 

Controrisp6sta  f. ;  counter-reply. 

ControrivoluzidneyC;  counter-revolution. 


CONTRORONDA— CONVITO 


Contror6nda  / ;  rounds  made  by 
an  officer  in  an  order  the  opposite  of 
that  which  is  usual. 

Controrudta/:;  (mar.)  I.  —  interna  di  poppa 
or  Vanticuore  di  poppa,  back  stern  post.  _  2.  - 
esterna,  false  post.  3.  —  or  Vanticuore  di  prora, 
apron,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  i,  fig.  7. 

Controsaluto  m.;  return  salute. 

Controsartia/I;  (mar.)  preventer  shroud. 

Controscarpa  /  ;  i.  overshoe,  one 
worn  over  another.  2.  (mil.)  counter- 
scarp. 

Controscfcna/  ;  the  silent  acting  of 
a  player  whose  role  is  to  show  the 
emotions  called  forth  by  the  words 
spoken  by  other  performers. 

*Controscotta;  it.  Contrascotta. 

Controscritta  / ;  i.  counterpart. 
2.  alteration  in  a  document. 

Controscude'tto  m. ;  cover  over  a 
key-hole. 

Controsenso  m.\  i.  contradiction 
stultifying  the  sense.  2.  contradiction 
to  common-sense,  absurdity.  As  adv., 
Leggere  — ,  to  read  a  thing  so  as  to 
give  it  a  wrong  sense. 

Controserratura/ ;  double  locking. 

Contro-  or  Contras-soggetto  m.;  (mas.)  i.  a 
kind  of  counterpoint.  2.  a  new  subject  introduced 
after  that  at  the  beginning  of  the  fugue. 

Controsostegni  m.  pi. ;  (mar.)  preventer  slings 
of  the  lower  yards. 

Controspalliera  (Contraspalliera)  /;  row  of 
fruit-trees  or  flowering  shrubs  planted  as  a  backing 
along  a  walk. 

Controspallina./;  shoulder-strap  of  a  uniform. 

Controspina  f. ;  mandrel  of  a  turning  lathe. 

Controspr6ne  in. ;  extra  spur  of  a  buttress. 

Controsservazione  f. ;  counter-observation. 

Controstallie^/  //. ;  (mar)  days  of  demurrage. 

Controstampa^/;  i.q.  Contrastampa,  counter- 
proof. 

Controstampo  m.;  top  swage,  a  kind  of  en- 
graving tool. 

Controstimol-ante  sedative ;  -ismo 
doctrine  of  the  use  of  sedatives ;  -ista 
believer  in  sedatives  ;  -o  sedative  action. 

Contro-  or  Contra-stbmaco  ;  adv. 
unwillingly. 

Controstraglio  m.;  (mar.)  preventer  stay. 

Controsuppare  f.  pi.\  (mar.)  moon-sails,  v. 
Suppare. 

Controtaglio  m.;  v.  Contrattaglio  (i). 

Controtorelli  m.  pi. ',  (mar.)  strakes  of  the  skin 
of  the  ship  next  the  garboard  strakes. 

Controtorpediniera/!;  (mar.)  destroyer. 

Controtrincarino  m. ;  (mar.)  inner  waterway. 

Controvaiato ;  v.  Contravaiato. 

Controvap6re  m. ;  return  steam,  in  a  steam- 
engine. 

*Controvare;  to  invent,  to  make  up. 

Controvelacci  m.  pl.\  (mar.)  royals. 

Controvers-ia  f.;  as  E.  Aff.  -ista  contro- 
versialist. 

Controverso  ;  controverted. 

Controvert-ere,  no  perf.  nor /"«/.;  as  E.  Aff. 
-ibile. 

Controvetrata  /  ;  double  window- 
glass. 

Controvisita/l;  repeated  visit,  esp.  of  visits 
arousing  suspicion. 

*  Contrugiolare  (It.  truciolo);  to  cut  into  little 
bits. 

*Contubernale  (L.);  living  in  the  same  tent. 

*  Contubernia  f.\  i.  comradeship,     ii.  suite. 

*  Contubernio   m. ;    i.    cohabitation   of    an   un- 
married couple,     ii.  companionship. 

Contumace  m.  (L.):  contumacious, 
defaulting.  *A.ss6.:  i.  =  Contumacia(i). 
ii.  Stare  in  —  con  uno,  to  be  angry  with 
him.  iii.  delay,  waiting. 

Contumac-ia  f. ;  i.  contumacy,  con- 
tempt of  court.  2.  quarantine,  this  sense 


being  derived  from  the  idea  of  a  contu- 
macious person  who  dare  not  appear  in 
public.  Aff-  -ale. 

Contumeli-a,  -6so  ;  as  E. 

Cont-undere  perf.  -usi,  part,  -uso ; 
to  bruise. 

Conturb-are  (L.);  to  disturb.  Aff.  -amento 
or  -azione. 

Contusi6n-eyC  (L.,  <  tundere,  to  thump,  root 
ste ud,  v.  Tipo) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Contuse ;  part.  Contundere. 

Contutdre  m. ;  joint  guardian. 
Contuttoche  ;  although. 
Contuttocib  ;  nevertheless. 
Contuttoqu^sto  ;  for  all  that,  never- 
theless. 

Conuro  m.;  a  genus  of  American  parrots. 
*  Convalente ;  —  Equivalente. 
Convalesc-ente,  -enza;  as  E. 

Convalid-are  ind.  convalido ;  to 
validate.  Aff.  -amento  or  -azione. 

Convallaria  /. ;  (hot.)  lily  of  the 
valley,  tisit.  Mughetto. 

Convalley:  (L.);  (poet)  long  valley. 
*Conveggere;  to  see. 

Convegno  or  Conv^gno  m.\  meeting. 
*  compact. 

Convellere  (L.);  (mcd.)  to  contort  by  cramp. 

Conven6vol-e  ;  i.  suitable,  decent, 
apt.  In//.  ass6.:  2.  compliments;  Stare 
su'  -i,  to  be  ceremonious.  Aff.  -dzza, 
-me'nte. 

Convenifcnte ;  convenient,  suitable. 
Aff.  -mdnte. 

Conveni6nz-a  /  ;    i.    convenience. 

2.  suitability ;  La  —  di  tutte  le  parti  fra 
loro  e  col  tutto,  the  harmony  of  all  the 
parts  with  each  other  and  with  the  whole. 

3.  conformity ;  La  —  di  una  lingua  con 
un'   altra,   the    similarity    of   structure 
between  two  languages.    4.  seemliness ; 
Non  va  della  mia  —  a  fare  questo,  it 
would  not  be  seemly  for  me  to  do  this ; 
Conoscere  la  — ,  to  know  how  to  be- 
have ;    Le  -e   di    corte,  the  usages   of 
court-life.     5.  advantage  ;  Non  ci  ho  la 
— ,  I  should  not  get  anything  by  this ; 
Matrimonio  di  — ,  marriage  for  worldly 
advantage. 

Convenire,  for  conjugation,  v.  Ve- 
nire; i.  to  come  together.  2.  to  agree; 
Se  fosse  cosi,  ne  convieni,  non  mi  sarei 
mosso,  you  admit  that  if  it  had  been  so 
I  should  not  have  moved  in  the  matter ; 
S'  e  convenuto  il  prezzo  del  podere  in 
questo  tanto,  the  price  of  the  farm  has 
been  agreed  at  so  much  ;  Ha  convenuto 
di  dare  al  muratore  tanto,  he  has  agreed 
to  give  so  much  to  the  bricklayer.  3.  to 
agree,  to  suit ;  Questa  porta  a  questa 
facciata  non  si  conviene,  this  door  does 
not  suit  this  fagade  ;  Non  tutte  le  terre 
si  convengono  a  questa  piantagione,  all 
soils  do  not  suit  this  mode  of  planting. 

4.  to  be  good  manners ;  Non  conviene 
star  a  sentir  i  discorsi  degli  altri,  it  is 
not  good  manners  to  listen  to  people 
who  are  talking  to  each  other.    5.  to  be 
advantageous  ;  Dopo  averci  pensato  su 
ho  visto  che  non  conviene  entrare  in 
quel  ginepraio,  after  thinking  it  over  I 
see  that  I  had  better  not  mix  myself  up 


in   that   tangle.      6.    to   be   necessary; 
Convien  lavorare  per  campare,  man  has 
to  work  to  earn  his  living.     7.    tr.  - 
uno  in  giudizio,  to  summons  him. 

*Conveno  w.;=Bisogno. 
Conventaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Convento. 

*Conventare:  i.  to  make  an  agreement.  ii.  to 
place  (bricks)  in  position,  iii.  to  admit  to  the  title  of 
doctor,  iv.  to  crown  with  laurel  as  a  poet. 

Conventlcola  /  ;  secret  meeting. 

*  Conventig-ior  -iay?,  or  -\om.  ;  =  Convenzione. 

Conventino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Convento. 
2.  institution  for  girls  on  conventual 
lines,  but  without  any  vows  on  the  part 
of  the  teachers. 

Conv6nt-0 ;«. ;  convent  or  monastery. 
Stare  a  quel  che  da  or  a  quel  che  passa 
il  — ,  to  be  satisfied  with  what  there 
happens  to  be  in  the  house.  So,  as  an 
answer  to  one  who  complains  of  his 
food,  Caro  mio,  il  —  non  passa  altro, 
my  dear  boy,  there  is  nothing  else  in 
the  house. 

*i.  meeting  or  meeting-place,  ii.  chief  town  of  a 
province,  iii.  Vivere  in  — ,  to  live  in  common, 
iv.  Di  codesto  desse  il  — ,=Ce  ne  fosse  sempre, 
would  it  were  always  thus !  v.  ceremony  of  crowning 
uith  laurel  as  a  poet.  vi.  =  Convenzione,  terms; 
Bere  per  — ,  to  drink  in  some  particular  way,  as 
without  letting  the  glass  touch  the  lips,  for  a  wager, 
vii.  joint  between  two  bricks  or  other  tilings  fitting 
closely  together,  viii.  =  Convenuto. 

Aff.  -uale  adj.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Convenuto;  i.  part.  Convenire.  2.  as  so., 
(leg.)  defendant. 

Convenzion-ale,  -alismo,  -alista,  -alita,  -e; 
conventional,  etc. 

Converg-ere  per/,  -vergei,  no  past  part.  (L. 
•uergere,  to  bend,  <  a  root  -wereg,  to  bend,  cp.  Anglo- 
Saxon  wrcnf,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wrench,  Wrinkle,  Wry); 
to  converge.  Aff.  -enza. 

Conv&rsa/;  i.  v.  Con  verso.  2.  val- 
ley-tile for  receiving  the  water  where 
two  slopes  of  a  roof  meet. 

Convers-are  ind.  Converse-;  to  converse. 
Conversazion-cella  or  -cinayl;  dim.  of-e. 

Conversazi6ne  f. ;  i.  conversation. 
2.  evening  party.  Prov.  Non  mi  piace 
ne  il  vino  ne  la  — ,  fig.  I  do  not  like 
either  the  job  or  the  people  concerned 
in  it. 

*i.    familiarity,     ii.    mode   of  life.     iii.    religious 
community,     iv.  =  Operazione,  practice. 
*Conversevole;  sociable,  friendly. 

Conversi6ne  f. ;  i.  conversion. 
2.  (mil.)  wheeling. 

Converse  ;  old  part,  of  Convertire. 
As  s6.:  i.  lay-brother.  2.  in  the  phrase 
Per  — ,  as  adv.  conversely,  on  the 
contrary.  *inmate,  D.  Inf.  29.  41. 

Convert-ibile,  -ibilita,  -ire;  convertible,  etc. 

Convess-ita,  -o;  convexity,  etc.     F-tym.   L., 
<root  nag,  to  bend,  cp.  L.  vacillo.  Germ.  Wangc, 
cheek  (the  convexity  of  the  face),  v.  Walde,  sub  COH- 
vexus,  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  in  the  Supplement,  p.  777. 
*  Conviare  ;  to  accompany. 
*Convienire  perf.  conviensi;  =  Convenire. 

Con-vincere  perf.  -vinsi,  part,  -vinto  (L.); 
to  convince.  Aff.  Convinc-ibile,  -imento,  Convin- 
zione. 

Convissuto;  part.  Convivere. 

Convitare  (A)  (L.  invitare,  altered 
by  attraction  of  conviviuni) ;  to  invite 
to  dinner.  Also  intr.  to  entertain,  give 
parties. 

*(B)(Fr.  convoiter,  v.  Convizioso);  to  desire. 
*Convitigia./;  =  Cupidigia,  avarice. 

Convito  m. ;  I .  dinner-party.  2.  Sacro 
— ,  the  Lord's  Supper. 


CON  VITTO— COPULA 


'77 


Convit-to  tn.  (L.  conviclus) ;  board- 
ing-school or  scholar.  *  the  living 
together  of  adults.  Aff.  -tore,  -trice. 

*Conviva  tn. ;  =  CotnmensaIe. 
"Convivale;  relating  to  a  Convito. 
*Convivare;  to  be  at  dinner  with  others. 

Conviv-ere;  to  live  together.     Aff.  -enza. 
*Conviv-io;=Convito.     *-o;  i.q.  Conviva. 

*  Conviziare  (L.  c0m>itiari)\  to  abuse. 

*  Convizioso  ;  =  Cupido,  desirous. 

Etym.  bit.  cufiiditin,  a  variant  of  L.  cupiditas  \ 
this  word,  besides  forming  early  It.  Cupidizia,  modern 
It.  Cupidigia,  underwent  another  development  which 

five  rise  either  directly  or  through  the  medium  of 
rench  to  Convitigia,  Convizioso,  v.  Convitare  (B), 
The  «  is  merely  intrusive.    Parallel  forms  are  Proven^. 
cubiticiet)  old  Fr.  ccrtwitisf,   Fr.  coni'ottise^  Catalan 
cobdieia^  Span,  codicia,  Portug.  cobifa, 

Convoc-are  ixd.  convoco;  to  convoke.  Aff. 
-azione, 

Convogliare  ind.  convoglio;  to  con- 
voy. 

Convbglio  (Convoio)  m.  (Fr.  convoi); 

1.  convoy,  escort.     2.  =  Treno,  railway- 
train. 

'Convoio;  v.  Convoglio. 

*Convoitigia_/I  (Fr.,  v.  Convizioso);  covetous- 
ness. 

*  Convolare  ;  to  fly  together,  Jig.  to  hasten. 
*Convolg-are;  =  Voltolare,    to    roll,      -arsi,    to 

wallow. 

*ConvoIio  ;«.;  =  Turba,  crowd. 

*  Con volubile ;  capable  of  turning  on  its  axis. 

Con-v61vo  or  -v&lvolo  m.  (L.) ; 
(hot.}  bind-weed,  Convolvulus  arvenszs, 
or  other  species  of  convolvulus. 

*  Convotisay^;  covetousness,  v.  Convizioso. 
Convuls-amente ;  convulsively,      -ionario  ; 

in  convulsions,     -ioncella;  dim.  of  -ione.     -idne; 
convulsion,    -ivame'nte;  i.q.  -amente.    -ivo;  v.  -o. 
Convulse  (L.);  convulsed.     As  sb.,  convulsion. 
Avere  il  — ,  never  to  be  still. 

*  Coobare    (mlt.    cotwbare,    of   Arabic    origin) ; 
(chem.)  to  cohobate,  a  form  of  redistillation  by  pour- 
ing the  distillate  back  upon  the  original  liquid, 

Coonest-are  ind.  coonesto;  to  find 
an  excuse  for.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Cooper-are  ind.  co£>pero,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azione;  as  E. 

Coordin-am£nto,  -are,  -atore,  -atrice ;  asE. 
*Coortare  (L.  cohortari)\  to  exhort,  encourage. 

Cobrte/  (L.,  if.  Skeat,  sub  Cohort); 
cohort,  troop. 

Copa-iba,  Coppa-iba,  -iva  m.  (native  Bra- 
zilian word) ;  copaiva,  a  resin  exuded  by  the  Copaifera 
officinalisi  much  used  in  medicine. 

Copalchi  m.\  copalche,  bark  from  the  Strychnos 
pseudnquina  of  Brazil,  or  the  Croton  Pseudochitta  of 
Mexico,  used  as  a  febrifuge. 

Copale  ;  v.  Coppale. 

Coperchi-are  ind.  copcrchio;  to  cover  up. 

Cop6rchi-o  m.  (L.  coperculum,  v. 
Coprire);  i.  cover,  lid.  2.  upper  mill- 
stone. 3.  Prov.  II  diavolo  insegna  a 
far  la  pentola  ma  non  il  coperchio,  i.e. 
the  devil  shows  us  how  to  sin  but  not 
how  to  hide  it.  Aff.  -e*tto,  -no,  dims. 

Coperta/;  i.  coverlet,  rug;  —  di 
lana,  blanket.  2.  more  generally,  cover- 
ing, e.g.  of  whitewash  or  a  metal  plate. 
3.  (mar.)  upper  deck;  —  rasa,  flush- 
deck,  with  no  poop  or  forecastle.  4.  en- 
velope, for  a  letter.  5.  cover  for  a  book. 
6.  cover,  pretext,  cloak.  7.  a  term  for 
two  or  three  rows  of  sheaves  laid  on  the 
top  of  a  stack  of  corn  with  the  ears 
projecting  so  as  to  throw  off  the  rain. 
8.  loin  steak.  9.  Alia  — ,  as  adv. 
secretly. 

Copert-accia  f. ;  fegg.  of  -a.  -amente  ; 
secretly.  *  -are ;  =  Coprire. 

Copertella  f. ;  i.  (war.}  gunwale, 
also  termed  Capo  di  banda,  Orlo,  Suola. 

2.  dim.  Coperta. 

H. 


Coperttna/  dim.  Coperta,  q.v.  (r), 
(5)  and  (6) ;  also,  curtain  in  front  of  a 
picture. 

Copfcrto;  i.  part.  Coprire.  As  adj.: 
2.  (mar.)  decked.  3.  overcast  (sky). 
4.  (mil.)  masked  (battery).  5.  Al  — , 
as  adv.  sheltered. 

tCopertoiay. ;  earthenware  cover  for  a  pot. 

Copertbio  m.  \  i.  large  rug.  2.  lid 
of  a  large  vessel.  3.  net  for  catching 
birds.  4.  (mil.)  shelter  for  besieging 
operations. 

Copertdne  ///. ;  tarpaulin. 

*Copertore  m. ;  =  Copertoio. 
Copertuccia  /. ;  dim.  spreg.  Coperta  (i). 

Copertura  / ;  roofing,  cover. 

*i.  lady's  veil.     ii.  roof  of  a  carriage,     iti.  =Ap- 
parenza,  seeming,  mask,     iv.  coat  of  whitewash. 
tCopetay^;  preserve  of  honey  and  almonds. 

Cbpia/;  I.  copy;  Prima — , original 
text.  2.  plenty.  3.  Far  —  di  se,  of  a 
woman,  to  prostitute  herself. 

*  i.  Aver  —  di,  to  have  opportunity  for,  or  ready 
access  to.  ii.  Dar  —  di  se,  to  enter  into  familiar 
conversation,  iii.  Far  —  di  se,  in  good  sense,  to 
sacrifice  oneself,  iv.  in  pi. ,  troops. 

Etym.  L.  copia.  for**c0-0/tfl,  =  plenty  of  means, 
v.  Opera.  In  medieval  Latin,  copia  was  used  as  in 
Italian  and  French  for  copy,  a  sense  which  arose 
either  from  the  idea  of  power,  liberty  to  reproduce 
a  document,  cp.  Copia  fandi,  Virgil,  Aen.  i.  £20 
(Littre),  or  from  that  of  abundance,  because  copying 
produces  abundance  of  the  article  copied  (Skeat). 

Copiacciay^;  pegg.  Copia. 

Cbpiafatture  m. ;  invoice-book. 

Cbpial&ttere  m.;  i.  copying-press. 
2.  letter-book. 

Copi-are  ind.  c&pio;  to  copy.  Aff.  -ativo 
copying  (ink),  -atore,  -atura. 

Copicco  m.;  the  Russian  kopeck,  about  \d. 

CopigHayJ  (for  Compiglia<con,  pigliare);  stud 
or  pin  for  securing  a  bolt,  etc. 

*CopigIio  w.;  =  Arnia,  beehive. 

Copios-amente,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Copist-a  m.  or  f.^  with  //.   tn.   -i,  pi.  f.    -e ; 
copyist.   Aff.  -eria  copying-office,  -uccio  dim.  spreg, 
*Copo  m. ;  skein  of  silk. 

Cbppa/  (mlt.  cuppa,  <  L.  cupa,  tub, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Cup,  Coop)  ;  i.  ladle, 
goblet ;  Servir  uno  di  —  e  di  coltello, 
to  serve  him  well  in  everything.  2.  cup 
for  the  oil,  in  a  lamp.  3.  =Coppetta. 
4.  a  kind  of  sausage-meat  made  of 
bacon-rind  and  pig's  head,  feet,  etc., 
cp.  Soprassata.  5.  the  name  of  one 
of  the  suits  in  an  Italian  pack  of  cards, 
see  the  note  under  Carta ;  Accennar  — 
e  dar  denari,  to  say  and  do  differently, 
v.  Accennare.  6.  the  southern  constel- 
lation of  the  Goblet. 

*i.  —  Sottocoppa,  saucer,  ii.  shell  of  an  oyster,  or 
other  shell-fish,  or  of  turtles,  etc.  iii.  back  of  the 
head.  tiv.  top,  summit. 

Coppaia  /  ;   i.  =Orciaia,  oil-cellar. 
2.  mandrel  of  a  lathe. 
Coppaiba;  v.  Copaiba. 

Coppale  (Copale)  m.  (native  Mexican 
word) ;  copal,  a  Mexican  gum-resin  used 
in  making  varnish. 

CopparbSa  (Ctiperosa)  /  (mlt.  cu- 
firosa,  <  L.  cuprum,  copper) ;  copperas. 
—  azzurra,  sulphate  of  copper  or  blue 
vitriol.  -  bianca,  sulphate  of  zinc, 
white  vitriol.  —  verde,  sulphate  of  iron, 
green  vitriol. 

Coppato ;  (furniture)  with  the  veneer  sprung 
away. 


Coppau  m. ;  =  Copaiba,  copivy. 

Copp611-a/  (L.  cupella,  v.  Coppa) ; 
i.  cupel,  a  vessel  used  in  assaying  the 
precious  metals.  2.  =  Pentola,  earthen 
pot.  -Aff.  -are,  -azione. 

Copp6tt-a_/;  (vied.)  cupping-glass.  Aff.  -one 
augm. 

Cbppia  /  (L.  copula,  v.  infra, 
Copula);  i.  couple.  2.  --  di  pane, 
double  roll  of  bread ;  Aver  tre  pan  per 
— ,  to  be  very  lucky,  to  get  an  extra 
quantity. 

Copptere  m. ;  cup-bearer. 

Coppi6ttay?;  i.  dim.  Coppia(2).    z.  =Coppiola. 
*Coppino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Coppo.    ii.  Far — ,  =  Far 
capolino,  to  peep,     t  =Vegglo,  warming-pan. 

Coppibla/;  i.  double  shot,  from 
right  and  left  barrels.  2.  two  con- 
secutive numbers  in  the  public  lottery. 

3.  accidental  union  of  two  threads  of 
the  woof,  making  a  flaw  in  the  cloth. 

4.  in  pi.    the   two   nets   of  the   Pare- 
taio,  q.v. 

C6ppO  m.  (a  variant  of  Coppa) ; 
earthenware  jar,  usu.  for  oil. 

*  i.    any  vase.     ii.    tile.     iii.    socket  of  the   eye. 
iv.  skull,     v.  calyx  of  a  flower,  cup  of  an  acorn,  etc. 
vi.    hollow  in  the  centre  of  a  magnetic  needle  for 
resting  on  the  pivot,     vii.  =  Celata,  helmet. 

Cbppola;  v.  Cobbola. 

*Coppoluto;  domed. 

Copp6ne  >n.  (Fr.  coupon) ;  i.  chip, 
shaving.  2.  coupon. 

Copr^nte  or  Coprtente ;  part.  Cop- 
rire. 

Cbpribusto  ;«. ;  vest. 

Cbpricanne  in. ;  plug  for  a  gun- 
barrel. 

*  Copricella  f.  ;  =  Testo,  cover  of  a  pot. 
C6pride  f.   (Gr.   Koirpo? ,   dung) ;   a  genus  of 

beetles,  Copris. 

C6prifdco  «/.;  curfew. 
*Coprime  m. ;  roofing-material. 

Cbprimisdrie  m. ;  scherz.  i.  overall, 
coat.  2.  husband  who  shelters  his 
wife's  misconduct. 

Cbprip&ltole  m.  ;  =  Ninfea,  water- 
lily. 

Cbpripiatti  m.  ;  wire-gauze  dish- 
cover. 

Cbpripi&di  m. ;  =  Piumino,  coverlet 
for  the  feet. 

Copr-ire  (Cuoprire,  Covrire)  ind. 
coprp  or  cuopro  copri  cbpre....ferf. 
coprii  orcopersi  copristi..../ar/.  coperto 
*coprito;  i.  to  cover,  to  shelter ;  — un 
posto,  to  occupy  a  position,  -irsi :  2.  to 
put  on  one's  hat.  3.  to  wrap  oneself  up. 
4.  Vino  coperto,  wine  of  dark  colour 
and  much  treated. 

Etym.  L.  cooperire,  =  cf,  wholly  +  operire,  to 
shut,  <.0p,  cp.  oltt  and  a  root  wert  to  shut  or  to  open, 
according  to  its  mode  of  combination,  v.  Walde,  sub 
Aferire,  Skeat,  sub  Cover. 

Cbpritavola/;  table-cloth. 
Cbprit^tto  m. ;  tiler  or  slater. 
Cbpritiira/;  covering. 
Cbprivivande  m. ;  i.q.  Copripiatti. 

Copula  f.  (L.,<**c0-a#Hfa<  **apere,  to  con- 
nect, > aptus) ;  i.  copulation,  a.  (gram.)  copula. 

23 


i78 


COPULATIVO— CORDIACA 


Copulative  ;  v.  Copula  (2). 
'Coquinario  (L.);  relating  to  cookery. 

Cor  m. ;  poet,  for  Cuore,  heart. 

Cor  di  bove  w. ;  (6ot.)  custard -apple,  or  bullock's 
heart,  Anottn  rcticulata. 
*Corabile;  hearty. 
Coraccio  in. ;  pegs*  Cuore,  hard  heart. 

Cpracia  /  (Gr.  xopaf);  i.  =  Grac- 
chia,  jackdaw.  2.  =Gracchio  coralline, 
chough. 

Coracino  /«.;  =  Ombrina,  bearded  umber-fish. 

Coraggio  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  courage, 
Proven^:,  coratge,  <  L.  cor,  heart,  with 
suffix  =  L.  -aticum) ;  courage. 

*  i.  =  Core,  heart,     ii.  =Intelletto.    iii.  =  Pensiero. 
Ajf.  Coraggi-osamente,  -oso. 

*  Coraio  in.,  with//.  coraiora;^  Coraggio. 

Corale  (A)  m.  (It.  coro) ;  chorale, 
church-music.  Also  as  adj. :  Libri  -i 
or  Corali,  large  books  generally  of 
parchment,  hand-printed,  for  church 
music.  Beneficio  — ,  stipend  of  a 
chorister.  Distribuzione  — ,  distribu- 
tion among  the  choir. 

*(B)  (It.  core);  of  the  heart.     Nimico  — ,  deadly 
enemy.     Di  coral  talento,  with  the  whole  heart. 
*Coralemente;  cordially. 
Corallaio  >«.;  worker  in  coral. 

*  Coralleggiare  ;  to  take  a  coralline  appearance. 

*  Corallessa  f. ;  an  inferior  kind  of  coral. 
Corallifero;  coral-bearing. 

Corallinayl ;  i.  a  genus  of  sea-weeds,  Gigtirtina, 
resembling  coral,  the  fronds  being  impregnated  with 
lime.  2.  boat  used  for  coral-fishing.  3.  a  mollusc, 
Pectcn  jocolaeus.  4.  a  red  colouring-material  pre- 
pared from  phenol.1  5.  a  personage  in  the  old 
comedies ',  also  a  character  created  by  Goldoni.  6.  the 
name  is  also  applied  to  one  or  two  species  of  sea-gull 
with  red  beaks,  v.  Gabbiano  (3,  a  and  c\  7.  Sicilian 
jasper. 

Coratlino;  coralline. 

Coralljte/:;  a  coral- like  fossil. 


Corallizzazi6ne_/;  ramification  like  coral, 
irallo  m.  (L.  <  Gr.) ;  i.  coral.     2.  (tot.)  (a)  — 


Cor 


de'  giardini,  (a)  garden-coral,  Rockea  coccinea, 
($)=Bellezze  di  Genova,  Jerusalem  cherry;  (6)  Semi 
di  — ,  West  Indian  wild  liquorice,  Abnts precatoritts. 

*  Coralmente ;  v.  Coralemente. 

Corame  m.  (** coriamen,<  L.  corium, 
v.  Coio) ;  stamped  leather,  for  chairs, 
etc. 

Coram  vobis  ;  as  sl>.,  one  who  strikes  attitudes. 
Corano  m. ;  the  Koran. 
*Coranzay.;  =  Cura,  care,  anxiety. 
•Corata,  Curata  f.   or  Corato  m.  (Proven;. 
corada,  <  L.    cor.    heart);    i.  =  Coratella.      ii.   Jig. 
mind,  disposition,     iii.  pang.     iv.  Scemar  la  — ,  to 
lose  courage. 

Coratella  (Curatella)  /  (dim.  Co- 
rata) ;  giblets. 

Corazz-a/  (L.  coriaceus,  leathern); 
i.  cuirass.  2.  plate  of  an  iron-clad 
ship.  3.  (hist.)  cuirassier.  Aff.  -accia 
pegg.,  -aio  maker  of  -e,  -are  to  armour 
a  ship,  -ata  iron-clad,  -atura,  -iere 
cuirassier,  -ina  dim.,  -one  augnt. 

'  Corazz-olo  m.;  lungs,  etc.,  of  an  ox. 

Cbrba  f.  (L.  carat's)  •  i.  oval-shaped 
wicker  basket.  2.  (vet.)  wind-gall. 
3.  (mar.)  rib  of  a  ship's  hull,  "frame." 

*  i.  a  measure  of  weight  or  capacity,    ii.  a  measure 
of  area. 

*Corbacchino  ?«.;  dim.  Corbo. 

*  Corbacchione  m.;  i.  augm.  Corbo.     ii.  —  di 
campanile,  one  who  is  firm  of  purpose. 

•Corbaccio  m.;  i.  pegg.  Corbo.    ii.   basket  for 
pigeons. 

Corbame  »/.;  the  timbers  of  a  ship. 

*  Corbare  ;  to  croak  like  a  raven. 

*  Corbastrella  y? ;  some  species  of  crow. 
•Corbella,/;  i.  =Corbello,  basket,     ii.  In—, 

decked  out;  E  una  — ,  he  is  a  dandy,  iii.  v.  Cor- 
bello  (2). 

Corbellaio  m. ;  basket-maker. 


Corbell-are  ind.  corbello;  to  quiz. 
Non  — ,  to  be  serious.  —  la  fiera,  not 
to  care  for  what  people  may  say.  Ajf. 
-atore,  -atdra,  -atorio,  -atura,  -eria 
pleasantry. 

Corbell6tto  m.;  dim.  Corbello. 
Corbellibus !  a  slangy  expression  of  astonish- 
ment. 

Corbellin-0  m. ;  i .  dim.  Corbello,  esp. 
bricklayer's  hod ;  A  -i,  by  basketfuls,  in 
abundance.  2.  a  species  of  cockle,  Area 
granosa. 

Corbell-o  m.  (L.  corbula,  dim.  of 
corbis,  basket)  ;  i.  large,  round,  flat- 
bottomed  basket  for  vegetables  or  fruit. 
2.  blockhead,  helpless  fool ;  Rimaner 
com'  un  — ,  to  be  dumbfounded.  3.  in 
pi.  as  excl.  esp.  of  astonishment  and 
contempt,  the  word  having  formerly 
been  employed  in  the//,  as  a  euphem- 
ism for  the  testicles.  4.  £  come  i  -i ; 
ha  la  croce  nel  sedere,  or  ft  come  i  -i 
di  Prato,  or  E  cavaliere  di  Prato,  or 
E  andato  a  Prato  a  farsi  cavaliere,  an 
ironical  or  contemptuous  mode  of  re- 
ferring to  one  who  is  aspiring  to  a  cross 
by  way  of  decoration  as  Cavaliere,  the 
allusion  being  to  the  basket-making 
industry  of  Prato  and  the  two  stout 
sticks  arranged  crosswise  in  the  bottom 
of  the  baskets.  5.  A  -i,  by  basketfuls, 
in  abundance.  t=Corvolo. 

Corbell6n-a  f.  ;  stupid  woman, 
-agginey^;  stupidity,  -em.;  I.  augin. 
Corbello,  large  basket.  2.  stupid  man. 

•Corbetta/.  (A);,iY/«.  Corba.    (B);  =  Corvetta. 
*Corbetto  m. ;  dint.  Corbo. 

Corb6zzol-a/  (etym.  unkn.) ;  arbutus 
fruit,  -o  m. ;  (hot.)  arbutus  tree,  Arbutus 
unedo,  also  termed  Albatro,  Rossello, 
Ceraso  marine,  -e  pi. ;  as  excl.  of  as- 
tonishment, v.  Corbello  (3).  -6ne  augm. 
of -a. 

*Corbicino  m. ;  dim.  Corbo. 

Corbina/".;  a  variety  of  grape,  so  called  from 
its  black  colour,  noted  for  its  keeping  quality. 

Corbino  m. ;  i.  =Corbolino.  2.  a  variety  of 
vine,  v.  Corbina. 

C6rbo ;  r\  Corvo. 

Corbolino  m. ;  a  variety  of  fig. 

Cdrbolo  ndj.\  Fico  — ,  a  dark  variety  of  fig. 

C6rbona  /  (Hebrew  corban,  a  gift) ; 
i.  money-box,  esp.  missionary-box  or 
box  for  gratuities  at  a  restaurant,  etc., 
for  periodical  division  amongst  all  the 
servants.  2.  pop.  scherz.  stomach. 

"Corcare;  z>.  Coricare. 

C6rcoma  (Curcoma)y.;  (mar.)  coil  of  rope. 

Corcontento  >«.;  v.  Contento. 

Cdrcoro  m.  (Gr.  «opieopuyi},  rumbling  of  the 
bowels) ;  a  genus  of  shrubs,  Corchonts,  including 
C.  olitorius,  jute.  The  name  may  be  from  the  noise 
made  by  the  seeds  in  bursting. 

Cdrculo  in.  (L.  corculumt  dim.  cor)\  (hot.) 
embryo. 

Cbrd-a  /  (mlt.  corda  <  L.  chorda  < 
Gr.  xopSij,  string  of  a  lute,  orig.  piece  of 
gut,  cp.  L.  hira,  the  empty  gut,  haru- 
spex,  inspector  of  entrails,  Anglo-Sax. 
gearn,  E.  yarn,  ?/.  Skeat,  sub  Cord, 
Yarn) ;  cord. 

Special  usages:  i.  plait  of  rushes 
or  reeds,  esp.  that  twisted  round  wine 
bottles  ;  Con  una  bevuta  ha  mandato 
il  fiasco  fino  alia  quarta  — ,  he  drank 
at  one  draught  down  to  the  fourth  line 
of  the  envelope  of  the  bottle.  2.  the 


wire  or  cord  for  springing  the  latch 
of  a  door  without  going  to  open  it. 
3.  blackened  string  for  marking  a  wall, 
for  whitewashing;  Battere  la  — ,  to  let 
it  fly  against  the  wall,  both  ends  having 
been  held  fast.  4.  in  pi.,  strings  for 
tying  up  the  mouth  of  a  sack  ;  Non 
raccapezzare  il  sacco  dalle  -e,  not  to 
get  hold  of  the  strings,  i.e.  to  be  at  a 
loss  how  to  proceed  in  a  matter.  5.  bow- 
string. 6.  (tnus.)  (a)  chord,  (b)  violin 
string.  7.  by  extension,  the  wires  of  a 
pianoforte.  8.  Toccare  altrui  una  — , 
to  touch  upon  some  point,  to  discuss  it 
with  him.  9.  Dare  alia  — ,  Mettere 
alia  — ,  to  put  to  the  torture  and  extort 
a  confession,  or  quasi-Jig.  to  compel  a 
person  to  speak  by  means  short  of 
torture.  10.  Mostrare  le  -e,  of  a  coat, 
to  be  threadbare,  ii.  (geom.)  chord  of 
an  arc.  12.  at  billiards,  (a)  a  form  of 
pool  ;  (b)  the  baulk  line,  an  imaginary 
line  drawn  from  cushion  to  cushion  at 
the  two  fourth  parts  from  the  top  and 
bottom  of  the  table  behind  which  the 
player  who  is  starting  must  play;  Stare 
m  — ,  to  be  behind  this  line;  Tenere 
in  — ,  to  prevent  the  adversary  from 
coming  in  front  of  it.  Hence/??-.  Tenere 
in  — ,  to  keep  a  person  in  check ;  Stare 
in  — ,  to  remain  at  one's  proper  place. 
13.  rough  line  on  a  sawn  piece  of  wood 
due  to  its  venation.  14.  -e  del  collo, 
the  two  prominent  muscles  of  the  neck, 
the  sterno-mastoids;  Mostra  le  -e,  i.e. 
he  is  very  thin.  15.  tendon  of  a  muscle, 
generally.  16.  —  magna,  the  tendon 
Achilles,  at  the  heel.  17.  Prov.  Chi 
troppo  lira,  la  —  si  strappa,  if  the  cord 
is  pulled  too  hard  it  comes  away,  i.e.  he 
who  wants  too  much  loses  all.  18.  a 
guttural  accompaniment  to  popular  airs. 
19.  cord-like  flaw  in  glass. 

*  i.    a  measure  of  length  or  area  or  of  a  pile  of 
firewood,     ii.  Fare  alia  — ,  to  play  at  ball  (the  ball 
with    string   wound   round   it),     iii.    —  di  bassi,  di 
scogli,  etc.,  a  long  line  of  shoals  or  rocks,     iv.  — 
cotta,  cord  steeped  in  saltpetre,  as  a  match,     v.  — 
viva,  the  part  of  a  violin  string  which  vibrates  to  the 
bow.     vi.  -e  di  petto,  deep  sounds,     vii.  a  long  vine- 
branch,     viii.  A  — ,  in  a  straight  line,  precisely. 

Cordace  m.  (Gr.  Kop£a£);  a  dance  of  Greek 
comedy. 

Cordaio  m. ;  rope-maker. 

Cordame  in. ;  cordage. 

tCdrdapia    or    Corda    pia  f.;    religious   pro- 
cession. 

Cordato  (L.);  i.  prudent.  2.  (6ot.)  heart- 
shaped. 

Cordeggiare  ind.  cordiggio;  i.  to  be  in  a 
straight  line.  2.  v.  Corda  (3). 

tCordela  ;  Pesce  — ,  onion  fish,  v.  Cepola  (2). 

*  Cordelia  f.;    i.  =Cordellina.     ii.  =  Corda  (4). 
iii.  in//.,  a  mode  of  torture  amongst  the  Romans. 

Cordelliera/T;  (herald.}  woollen  cord  figured 
on  a  shield,  beginning  at  the  crown  and  following  the 
line  of  the  shield  to  end  in  a  tassel. 

Cordellina  / ;  i.  dim.  Corda,  fine 
cord.  2.  stay-lace,  boot-lace  or  tape. 
3.  =Cimossa,  edging. 

Cordelldne  m.  ;  ribbed  silk  or  cloth. 
Corderfa  / ;  rope-walk. 

Cord^scayT;  dressed  skin  of  a  young  lamb. 

Cordisco  (L.  chardus,  late-born) ;  Vitellino  — , 
calf  killed  young. 

*of  a  cow  or  ewe,  great  with  young.     tAs  *£.,= 
Agnello  di  seconda  figliatura,  a  ewe's  second  lamb. 

Cordettina  /  ;  sub-dim.  Corda 
violin-string. 

Cordlaca  / ;  heart  disease. 


CORDIALE— CORNARO 


179 


Cordial-e;  cordial.  As  sb.\  i.  broth 
with  eggs  beaten  up  in  it  and  a  little 
lemon  juice.  2.  fig.  comforting  thing, 
cordial. 

*i.  Orazione  — ,  silent  prayer,  ii.  Nimico  — , 
=  Nemico  capitale,  bitter  enemy,  iii.  Pittinia  — , 
(a)  cardiac  fomentation,  {b)/ig.  =Spilorcio,  miser. 

Aff.  -mo  dim.,  -ita,  -mente,  -one  augin.  very 
cordial. 

Cordicella/;  i.  dim.  Corda.  2.  v.  Corda  (4). 
3.  —  per  legature,  houseline,  a  thin  three-stranded 
cord. 

CordicinayT;  dim.  Corda. 

Cordieray;;  (wits.)  nut  of  a  violin. 

Cordigliera  /  (Span,  cordillera,  cp. 
supra,  *Corda,  iii);  mountain  chain. 

Cordigli&ro  m. ;  Franciscan  monk, 
cordelier. 

Cordiglino  m.\  dim.  Cordiglio. 

Cbrdiglio  or  Cordiglio  m. ;  monk's 
or  priest's  girdle. 

*  Cordinay!;  =  Cordettina. 

Cordiniera_/I;  =  Imbroglio  di  vela  latina. 
*i.  =Cordoniera.     ii.  =Caviglia  da  cordini. 

Cordino  m.\  i.  small  cord.  2.  at  the  game  of 
Pallone,  floor  line. 

Cordio  m.\  (hot.)  a  genus  of  Boraginaceae. 
The  fruit  of  two  Indian  species,  Cordia  latifolia  and 
C.  Myxa,  termed  sebesten,  is  like  a  plum. 

Cordbglio  m.  (L.  cordolium);  i.  af- 
fliction. 2.  lamentation. 

tCdrdola/;  i.  =Tarlo  della  farina,  flour  weevil, 
ii.  —  Cimosa,  edging. 

Corddmbero  w.;  =  Cordone,  fool. 
Cordonaccio   m.\   P?gg.    Cordone;    usu.  fig. 
utter  fool. 

tCordonaia_/C;=Bacchettona. 

Cordonare  ind.  corddno;  i.  to  gird. 
2.  =  Minchionare,  to  make  a  fool  of. 

Cordonata/;  i.  road  made  with 
Cordoni,  it.  Cordone  (4).  2.  (mil.}  — 
Cordone  (6),  3.  (hydrant.)  camp- 
shedding. 

Cordon-atura./;  v.  -are  (a). 

Cordon-cello  ;;/.;  dim.  of  -e  (8).  *  =  Cordon- 
cino. 

Cordon-cino  m. ;  i.  dim.  of  -e,  silk 
twist,  watch-guard,  etc.  2.  similar 
twist  carved  as  an  ornament  on  a 
picture-frame. 

Cord6n-e  ;;/.  (augm.  of  Corda) ; 
i.  curtain-string,  bell-rope,  etc.  2.  cord 
on  a  priest's  hat.  3.  grand  cordon,  the 
title  and  insignia  of  the  head  of  an 
Order.  4.  \\\pl.  string  of  stones  across 
a  steep  road  to  afford  foothold  for 
animals.  5.  string  course  in  a  building. 
6.  military  or  sanitary  cordon.  7.  (anat.) 
(vulg.)  umbilical  or  spermatic  cord. 

8.  (pop-)  euph.  for  Coglione,  simpleton. 

9.  Obbligato  su'  -i,  a  vulgar  exclama- 
tion upon  hearing  a  superfluous  remark. 

10.  Avere  i  -i  grossi,  to  be  rich.  1 1.  (mus.) 
the  thickest  string  of  a  violin.   12.  (mar.) 
strand  of  a  cable-laid  rope.    13.  -i  della 
poppa,  stern  rails  of  a  ship's  deck. 

*i.  =  Cimossa,  edging,  ii.  =  Cordiglio.  iii.  hawser. 

Cordoneria  /;  =  CorbelIeria,  pleas- 
antry. 

tCordoniera/I;  (;/mr.)=Mantigliodi  una  boma, 
boom  lift. 

*Cordovaniere  »i. ;  i.  shoemaker,  ii.  dealer  in 
Spanish  leather.  The  word  is  cognate  with  E.  cord- 
wainer. 

*Cordovano  m.\  i.  Spanish  leather,  morocco 
leather,  ii.  fig.  —  Minchione,  blockhead,  iii.  Esser 
di  buon  — ,  to  have  a  robust  constitution,  iv.  I  -i 
son  rimasi  in  levante,  i.e.  we  are  wide  awake,  not  to 
be  taken  in  ;  Restar  — ,  =  Restar  gabbato,  to  be  taken 


"Cordulo  w.;  coarse  thread  alternating  with  fine 
thread  in  the  woof. 

Cordumeno  ;//.;-Cardamomo. 

Cdre;  v.  Cuore.     Core;  for  Corre,  v.  Cogliere. 

Cprea  f.  (L.,<Gr.  gopcm);  (med.)  chorea. 
*  dancing, 

Coreggia/  (A)  (L.  corium^  leather, 
cp.  Fr.  courroie)\  I.  strap.  2.  girdle. 
3.  shoe-string.  4.  dark  line  down  the 
spine  of  many  animals.  5.  Perder  la 
— ,  to  break  all  bounds  of  decency. 

(B)  (etym.  ««£«.) ;  fart. 
*Coreggjaio  /«.;  maker  of  straps. 

*  Coreggiale  ;«.;  i.  strap,     ii.  girdle,     iii.  whip. 
*Coreggiante  or  Coreggiere  /«.;  Dominican 

friar  wearing  a  leather  thong  as  a  girdle,  the  Fran- 
ciscan girdle  being  a  cord. 

Coreggiato  m.  (It.  coreggia,  A) ; 
flail,  consisting  of  Manfano,  handle, 
Gombina,  leather  hinge,  and  Vetta, 
swingle. 

'Coreggiere  »t.;  i.  f.y.  Coreggiante.  ii.  i>. 
Coreggia  (A). 

*Coreggina  or  Coreggiola  f.  ;  dim.  Co- 
reggia (B). 

Coreggioletto  in. ;  dim.  Coreggiuolo,  crucible. 

Coreggiblo  ;//. ;  i.  a  variety  of  olive. 
2.  shoe-lace.  3.  (book-bind.}  strip  of 
leather  at  the  back  of  a  book. 

Coreggi6ne  m.\  aitgm.  Coreggia  (A). 

Coreggiudla/!;  i.  dim.  Coreggia  (A).  2.  =  Pe- 
dale,  knee-strap.  3.  (t>ot.)  knot-grass,  Polygonttm 
aviculare ,  also  termed  Centinoda. 

Coreggiu61o  m.\  i.  =Coreggiolo.  2.  =  Crogiolo. 

Coreo  (L.,  <Gr.  ^opeio?) i  —  Trocheo,  trochee. 

Coreograf-iayC;  art  of  representing  dances  by 
written  signs.  Aff.  -ico. 

Coreo,grafo  m.\  composer  of  theatrical  dances. 

Corebpside  f.\  (hot.)  a  genus  of  Cowposifae, 
Coreopsis.  The  pappus  of  the  seed  has  two  horns 
like  the  antennae  of  an  insect ;  hence  the  name,  <  Gr. 
«dpis,  bug. 

Corepiscopo  m.  (Gr.  x^Pai  country);  suffragan 
bishop. 

Core"sto;  pop.  for  Codesto. 
*Coretano  ;«.  (It.  coro);  westerly  wind. 

Core'ttom. ;  small  choir-room  adjoining  a  church. 
*small  breast-plate. 

*  Coreutica  f. ;  art  of  theatrical  dancing. 
•Corevolmente ;  cordially. 
*Corgere;  aphaeresis  of  Accorgere. 
*CorgnaIe  w.;  =  Corriiola,  dogwood  berry. 
tCorgo;  =  Colgo,  ind.  of  Cogliere. 
tCorgono  ;~Corruno,  they  run. 

C6ri  f.  indecl.\  i.  heart,  at  cards, 
see  note  to  Carta  (5).  2.  (bot.)  Hyperi- 
cum  coris.  *  —  Core,  heart. 

Coriaceo  (L.) ;  leathery. 

Coriaginey^;  wasting  in  cattle. 
Coriamb-o  m.\  choriambus.     Aff.  -ico. 
Coriamirtfna  f. ;  extract  of  Coriaria  myrti- 
folia. 

Coriandolo  (Coriandro,  Curiandolo) 
;;/.  (L.  coriandrum,  <.  Gr.  xopiavvov, 
further  etym.  dub.)\  i.  coriander,  Cori- 
andrum  sativum,  or  its  seed.  2.  imita- 
tion comfits  for  throwing  at  Carnival 
time. 

Coriaria  f.\  (hot.)  a  genus  of  shrubs. 
Coribant-e  /«.;  priest  of  Cybele.     Ajft  -ico. 

Coric-are  (Corcare,  Colicare,  Colli- 
care),  (cogn.  Fr.  coucher,  Proven^,  colcar^ 
<  L.  collocare,  sc.  in  lecto)  \  to  lay 
down,  -arsi,  to  go  to  bed  ;  of  the  sun, 
to  set. 

*i.  to  lay(a  branch)  in  the  ground  to  form  a  layer. 
ii.  -arsi,  of  a  camel,  to  kneel. 

*  Cortceo  m.  \  room  for  gymnastics. 

*  Coricida  ;  heart-slaying. 
Coricino  m. ;  dim.  Cuore. 

C6rico ;  anapaestic  (metre).  *As  sb.t  chorus 
singer. 

Coridale  m.  ((Jr.  nupvs,  from  the  resemblance 
of  the  flower  to  a  helmet);  (hot.)  Corydalis, 

Corifa/:;  (pot.)  a  genus  including  the  Talipot 
palm  of  Ceylon,  Corypha  nmbracntifera. 


Corifena  f.;  gilt-head  fish,  Coryphaena  hip- 
Purus,  locally  termed  Cataluzzo,  Capone  imperiale. 

Cor|fe-o?H.,  -ayC;  leading  dancer. 
*  Corileto  m  ;  hazel  copse. 

Cdrilo  m.  (L.  c0tyfas)',—  NocciQ\o,  hazel. 

Corimagistro  m.\  leader  of  a  chorus. 

Corimbo  m.  (L.,<Gr.  Kopvpftos,  properly  the 
top  of  anything,  cp.  »c6pus,  helmet.  *apa,  head); 
(hot.)  corymb,  a  raceme  whose  pedicels  are  gradually 
shorter  as  they  near  the  top,  resulting  in  a  convex 
cluster  such  as  that  of  ivy. 

*CoHna_/C;  i.  =  Corata.     ii.  =  Coro,  north-west 
wind.     iii.  a  species  of  gazelle. 

Corindo  m.  ;  a  speckled  variety  of  pea. 

Corind6ne   m.   (of  Indian  origin,  cp.   Sanskr. 
kttntvinda^   ruby  ;   kura,   red)  ;   corundum,    a   very 
hard,  dense  mineral,  composed  of  alumina. 
*Corinteo  w.;  streaked  yellow  marble. 

Corintio  or  Corfnzio;  (fig.)  an  epithet  to 
describe  a  happy  mixture  of  styles  in  speaking. 
Metallo  —  ,  an  alloy  of  gold  and  copper. 

C6rio  m.  (Gr.);  i.  =Cuoio,  leather.  2.  =Otre, 
wine-skin.  3.  (med.)  chorion,  one  of  the  fetal  mem- 
branes. 

tCorire;-Correre. 

Corista  m.  ;  I.  chorister  or  chorus- 
singer.  2.  chaplain  who  marks  the 
attendances  of  the  choristers.  3.  (mus.) 
pitch.  4.  tuning-fork,  usu.  Diapason, 
see  also  Fischio  (5).  5.  globular  crab, 
Corystes. 

Corizza  f.  (Gr.  <6pvfa)  ;  cold  in  the 
head,  coryza. 

"Corlaia/;  the  heart-strings. 

Cortetto  tn,  ;  =  Ghiandaia  marina,  roller. 

C6rrno  m.  (Gr.  Kop/xo?,  trunk)  ;  thallus  of  crypto- 
grams, v,  Tallo. 

Cormorano  ;«.  (Fr.  cormoran,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Cormorant)  ;  =  Marangone,  cormorant. 

C6rnay:;  =  C6rnTola. 

Cornacchia  f.  (L.  cornicula^  dim.  of 
cornix,  root  cor  of  imit.  origin,  cp.  Gr. 
Kopwvfy  crow);  i.  (a)  —  bigia,  —  dal 
mantello  or  —  palombina,  hooded  crow, 
Corvus  comix,  also  termed  Mustacchia 
nera,  Corvo  palombino  ;  (b)  —  nera, 
carrion-crow,  Corvus  corone.  2.  fig. 
prophet  of  evil,  croaker.  3.  jackdaw, 
if.  Taccola.  4.  —  di  campanile,  fig. 
obstinate  person.  5.  -  -  azzurra,  or 
ciarliera,  =  Ghiandaia  marina,  roller. 
6.  tiresome  chatterer.  7.  woman  of 
bad  character.  8.  bell-handle  or  the 
like  in  the  shape  of  a  crow's  beak. 
9.  (bot.)  —  de'  grani,  Hypecoum  pro- 
cumbens,  a  plant  resembling  celandine. 

Cornacchiaia  f.\  i.  body  of  crows.  2.  tire- 
some chatter. 

*Cornacchiare;  to  chatter. 
"Cornacch-iella  f.    or   -ino    m.\   dim.    Cor- 
nacchla. 

Cornacchlna  ;  Pulvere  —  f  antimony  and 
scammony  powder. 

'Cornacchio  /«.;  stone  cannon-ball. 

Cornacchi6ne  m.\  i.  an%m.  pegg.  Cornacchia, 
\i\fig.  senses.  2.  rook,  ?/.  Corvo  (i). 

Cornacchi-6tto^/';«.,  -uccia^/w.j/^r.,of-a. 

*Cornacchiuzza  f,  ;    i.  =  Cornacchiuccia.     ii. 

woman  of  doubtful  character. 


Cornaccio  m.\  spreg.  Corno. 

*Cornadore;  v.  Cornatore. 

Cornaggine_/C;  obstinacy. 

Cornale  ;  v,  Corniale. 

CornaHnay:;  a  variant  of  Corniola,  agate. 
*  Cornamento  ;//.  ;  singing  in  the  ears. 


Cornannisa/  (Proveng.  cornamusa, 
<corna^  horn,  -f  musa,  song<  L.  musa)  ; 
i.q.  Piva,  bagpipe,  consisting  of  a  skin 
and  three  pipes,  one  for  blowing  and 
two  for  playing  on. 

*  Fare  una  —  ,  to  humbug  a  person. 

*  Cornamusare;  i.  to  play  the  bagpipe,     ii.  tr. 
to  speak  about. 

*Cornare;  i.  to  sound  the  horn.  ii.  —  gli 
orecchi,  to  have  a  singing  in  the  ears.  Hi.  =  Cozzare, 
to  butt. 

*Cornaro  m.\—  Corniolo,  dogwood. 

23  -  2 


i8o 


CORNAT A— CORONA 


Cornata  f. ;  i .  butt  or  blow  with  the 
horns.  2.  fig.  opposition.  *  =  Corno, 
mountain-peak. 

Cornatina/;  dim.  Cornata,  «/.  ™fit-  sense. 
*Corn-atore  or  -adore  ?«.;  sounder  of  a  horn. 

Cornatura/;  i.  arrangement  of  an 
animal's  horns.  2.  Esser  di  tale,  or  tal 
— ,  to  be  of  such  and  such  a  disposition. 

Cornea/  (L.  comens);  (tinat.)  cornea  of  the 
eye.  —  opaca,  the  sclerotic. 

*Corneggiare ;  i.  to  butt.  ii.  of  the  horns,  to 
sprout,  iii.  of  the  moon,  to  be  horned,  iv.  of  cattle, 
to  discharge  wind  frequently. 

*Corneggio  *«. ;  =  Zufolio,  whistling. 
Cornelia///.;  dim.  vtzz.  of  Coma,  horns. 

C6rnep ;  i.  horny.  2.  (chcm.)  as 
si.,  horn-silver,  fused  chloride  of  silver. 
*horned  (moon). 

Cornetta/;  i.  (mus.)  cornet.  2.  in 
pi.,  dim.  vezz.  of  Corna,  horns.  3.  (vet.) 
wind-gall  in  horses.  4.  (mar.)  pendant. 
5.  Pesce  — ,  sapphirine  gurnard,  Trigla 
hirundo. 

*\.  small  flag  used  by  cavalry,  it  the  bearer 
thereof  or  the  troop  under  it.  iii.  matrimonial 
wrongs,  tiv.  horned  ewe. 

Cornettfno  m. ;  i.  horn  of  an  insect, 
etc.  2.  dim.  Cornetta  (i).  3.  horn,  or 
point,  of  an  anvil.  4.  piece  of  horn  for 
polishing  the  heel  of  a  boot. 

*  i.  =  Saeppolo,  vine-shoot,  ii.  =  Coppetta,  cupping- 


Corn^tto  m.;  \.  dim.  Corno,  horn 
of  an  animal.  2.  post-horn.  3.  — 
acustico,  ear-trumpet.  4.  --  soprano, 
basso,  the  two  registers  of  an  organ. 

5.  bump  on  the  head,  from  a  blow.    6.  in 
pi.,  rolls  of  bread  with   pointed  ends. 
7.  (anat.)  turbinated  bone  of  the  nose. 

*  i.  =  Cornetta  (4).     ii.  =  Cornetta  (i).     iii.  burgee, 
v.  Gagliardetto. 

*Cornia /;=Corniola,  agate. 
*Corniale  or  Cornale  in. ;  =  CornioIo,  dogwood. 
Misurare  un  — ,  to  be  beaten. 

*  Cornicciuolo  m.;  dim.  Corno. 

Cornice/;  i.  picture-frame.  2.  fig. 
Quadro  senza  — ,  i.e.  story  without  em- 
bellishment. 3.  ready-made  moulding 
sold  in  lengths.  4.  («r<r//.)  =  Cornicione, 
cornice.  5.  ledge,  of  a  mountain,  etc. 

6.  =  Cornacchia,  crow. 

Etym.  Gr.  icopwri's,  curved,  or  its  derivative  L. 
coronis,  curved  line  or  stroke  with  a  pen,  corrupted 
by  the  attraction  of  L.  comix,  crow ;  the  mlt.  form 
is  coronix.  Root  kar,  kor,  to  bend,  cf.  Corona, 
Curvo.  Ir.  Skeat,  sufi  Cornice. 

*Cornicell-a/,  -o  «.;  i.  dim.  Corno.  ii.  guard 
on  a  knife-handle,  sticking  out  like  a  horn  between 
handle  and  blade,  iii.  =Guscio,  shell. 

Corni-cetta/;  i.q.  -cina. 

Corniciam-e  or  -amento  nr. ',  frames  or  cor- 
nices, generally. 

Cornici-are  ind.  cornfcio  ;  =  Scor- 
niciare,  to  frame,  or  to  provide  with  a 
cornice.  As  si.,  the  part  of  an  edifice 
which  has  a  cornice.  Aff.  -atura. 

Corni-cina  or  -cetta/;  dim.  of -ce,  frame. 

*  Cornicine  m. ;  bugler. 
Cornicino  in.',  dim.  Corno. 

Cornicidne  m. ;  (arch.)  cornice. 

*  Cornicolare ;  Angolo  — ,  angle  between  a  curve 
and  its  tangent  or  secant. 

*Cornicolato;  bent  into  the  shape  of  a  horn. 
*Cornio  nt. ;  =  CornioIo. 

C6rniola  /;  i.  dogwood  berry,  2.  a  variety 
of  cherry. 

Corni61-a  (Corna,  Corniuola)  / 
(named  from  its  resemblance  to  the 
dogwood  berry,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cor- 


nelian) ;    i.   cornelian.     2.    ring  with  a 
cornelian  set  in  it.     Aff.  -ina,  dim. 

*Cornioletto  m. ;  a  fish,  prob.  —  Crognolo,  q.v. 

Cdrniolo  or  Corni61o  m.  (L.  cornus,  root  kar, 
hard,  from  the  hardness  of  the  wood);  i.  dogwood, 
Cornus  titascu/a,  also  termed  Sanguine  maschio, 
Sanguinello.  2.  —  corallo,  Siberian  dogwood, 
Cornus  alba. 

*Cornioluzza/;  =  Corniolina,  small  cornelian. 
Cornipede;  with  horny  hoof. 

C6rn-o  m.,  the//,  is  Corna/  mean- 
ing horns  of  animals,  but  Corni  m.  in 
other  senses  ;  (L.  cornu,  root  keru,  to 
stick  up,  cp.  Gr.  xtpas,  horn,  KtpaFos, 
horned,  L.  cervus,  lit.  horned  animal, 
O.H.G.  hiruz,  A.S.  heorot,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Horn,  Hart). 

i.  horn.  2.  bump  on  the  head,  from 
a  knock  ;  the  pi.  here  is  Corni.  3.  Un 
— ,  =Niente;  v.  infra  (32).  4.  bifur- 
cation of  a  road,  or  of  a  stream  forming 
an  island  in  its  course  or  a  delta  at  its 
mouth.  5.  (;////.)  =  Ala,  wing  of  an  army 
or  of  a  fortification.  6.  cap  of  the 
Venetian  Doge,  so  called  from  its 
shape.  7.  biscuit  with  prominences 
like  horns.  8.  peak  of  a  mountain. 

9.  (mus.)  horn  ;  —  bassetto,  a  kind  of 
clarionet ;  —  inglese,  a  kind  of  oboe. 

10.  point  of  a  flame,      n.    (astr.)  for 
the  Little  Bear,  D.  Par.   13.   10. 

Phrases :  12.  Abbassare,  Ritirare, 
Rimettere  in  dentro  le  -a,  fig.  to  draw 
in  one's  horns,  to  become  downcast. 
13.  —  dell'  altare,  one  of  the  two  ends 
of  a  church  altar,  so  called  because  the 
Hebrew  altar  had  projections  like  horns 
at  its  four  corners  where  the  animal  to 
be  sacrificed  was  tied  ;  —  del  Vangelo, 
the  left  or  north  end  ;  —  dell'  Epistola, 
the  other  end.  14.  Alzare,  Rizzare, 
Mettere,  Rimetter  fuori  le  -a,  to  become 
arrogant  or  threatening.  1 5.  —  dell'  an- 
cudine,  beak  of  an  anvil.  16.  --  di 
ariete,  (hot.)  elephant's  trunk,  Marty nia 
proboscidea,  also  termed  Becco  di  mare, 
Craniolaria,  Testa  di  quaglia.  17.  Aver 
le  -a  (a)  to  be  a  cuckold,  (i)  to  be  shame- 
faced, generally.  18.  Aver  per  le  -a,  to 
have  (some  queer  idea)  in  one's  head. 
So,  Metter  per  le  -a,  to  put  it  into  one's 
head.  19.  Avere  or  Pigliare  sulle  -a, 
to  take  a  dislike  for.  20.  —  bassetto, 
v.  supra  (9).  21.  —  di  ceivo,  (bt>t.) 
(a)  buck's  horn  plantain,  Plantago  coro- 
nofius,  also  termed  Erba  Stella,  (b)  an 
edible  fungus,  Clavaria  coralloides. 
22.  Dare,  Darsi  sulle  -a,  to  beat,  come 
to  blows.  23.  Dir  -a  di,  to  speak  evil 
of.  24.  Far  le  -a,  (a)  to  hold  out  the 
hand  with  the  two  middle  fingers  closed, 
as  a  gesture  of  contempt,  or  to  ward  off 
the  evil  eye,  (6)  to  make  a  cuckold  of. 

25.  Fiaccar  le  -a,  to  humble  (a  person). 

26.  —  inglese,  v.  supra  (9).    27.  Mettere 
le  -a,  or  per  le  -a,  v.  supra  (14)  and  (18). 

28.  Pigliare  sulle   -a,    v.   supra  (18). 

29.  Rimetter  fuori  or  Rizzare  le  -a,  v. 
supra  (14).     30.  Rimettere  in  dentro  or 
Ritirare  le  -a,  v.  supra  (12).  31.  Romper 
le  -a,  to  beat ;  Rompersi  le  -a,  to  get  a 
nasty  fall.    32.  Non  valere  un  • — ,  to  be 
worthless,  hence  Un  — ,  a  slangy  ex- 
pression for  a  decided  negative,  devil 


a  bit ! ;    Povero  un  — !   not  an  atom 
poor! 

*i.  drinking  vessel,  ii.  Aver  le  sue  -a,  to  have 
one's  troubles,  iii.  Anzi  -a  che  croce,  an  expression 
become  proverbial  from  the  experience  of  a  traveller 
who  when  lodging  at  an  inn  with  the  sign  of  the 
Horns  was  well  treated,  whilst  at  another  where 
there  was  a  cross  on  account  of  the  death  of  the 
host's  son  he  was  poorly  entertained,  iv.  Giuoco 
delle  -a,  a  game  resembling  Mora.  v.  =  Unghia, 
hoof.  tvi.  bruise  on  a  tall  hat  or  other  object,  v. 
supra  (2). 

tCorn6cchio  ;«.;  i.  ear  of  maize,  ii.  mountain- 
peak. 

Cornovaglia;  Cornwall. 
Cornuc6pia/;  horn  of  plenty  (symbolic). 

•Cornuta/:;  i.  =  Cerast.i,  asp.  ii.  vessel  for 
bringing  food  to  the  Cardinals  when  assembled  in 
conclave  for  election  of  a  new  Pope. 

Cprnuto ;  i.  horned;  Becco  — , 
cunning  rogue;  Baron  or  Villan  — ,  or 
—  a  quattro,  out-and-out  rascal ;  Argo- 
mento  — ,  dilemma  ;  Segale  — ,  spurred 
rye,  infested  with  ergot.  2.  of  a  horse, 
with  the  hips  too  prominent.  *Angolo 
— ,  curvilinear  angle. 

C6ro  m.  (A)  (L.  chorus,<Gr.  x°P°fi 
a  band  of  dancers  or  singers) ;  i.  troop 
of  singers  or  their  songs.  2.  chorus  in 
an  opera  or  elsewhere,  or  by  ext.  com- 
pany, e.g.  of  angels  or  of  philosophers. 
3.  church  choir,  choristers.  4.  (arch.} 
choir  of  a  church,  usually  behind  the 
High  Altar,  where  the  choristers  sing. 

*(B)  (I,,  cajtnts)  north-west  wind  or  north-west 
quarter  of  the  sky,   D.  Inf.  n.   114. 
*(C)  an  old  measure  of  capacity. 
•Corobate  m.  (Gr.  xuipojsinjs) ;  levelling  instru- 
ment. 

*Corodia/;  singing  in  unison. 
*Coroeno  trt.  (L.  airettum)',  unfermented  wine, 
boiled  down. 

*Coroglio  >«.;=Cercine,  porter's  knot. 
Cor6gna  ;  Corunna,  in  Spain. 
Corograf-ia/  (Gr.);  topography  of  a  region. 
Aff.  -ico  adj.,  -o  topographer. 

Coroide/  (Gr.,  v.  Corio  iii);  choroid  coat  of 

"  HonSllay:  (L.,  dim.  of  Corona);  (tot.)  as  E. 
*  small  crown,  ti.  =  Cercine,  porter's  knot,  ii,  =  Bel- 
lingozzo,  cake. 

Corollario  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Corollary); 
as  E. 

Corollino ;  (bot.)  with  the  calyx  coloured  like 
the  corolla. 

Corollitica  ;  (Colonna)  — ,  ornamented  with 
leaves  and  flowers  in  spirals. 

*Corollo  m.  ;  =  Riallo  rotondeggiante,  roundish 
projection.  t=Ciambella,  hun. 

Cor6na  /  (L.,  root  kar  or  kor,  to 
bend,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Crown)  ;  i.  crown, 
coronet,  wreath ;  —  di  ferro,  the  iron 
crown  with  which  the  Lombard  kings 
were  crowned,  still  preserved  in  the 
cathedral  at  Monza.  2.  rim  of  a  wheel. 

3.  —  di  stantuffo,  junk-ring  of  a  piston. 

4.  title    of    an    Order    instituted    by 
Napoleon  I.     5.  rosary,  i.e.  either  the 
prayers  of  the  rosary,  or  the  beads  by 
which   they   are   counted,   but   strictly 
speaking  the  latter,  the  prayers  being 
properly  referred  to  by  the  term  Rosario, 
v.  Posta  (9);  Sfilare  la  — ,  to  unthread 
the    beads ;  fig.   to    reveal    what    has 
hitherto   been   kept   secret.     6.   --   di 
sonetti,  a  series  of  sonnets  connected 
together,   the    last   line   of   one   being 
made  the  first  of  the  next.     7.   (mus.) 
the   mark    r*   of   a    prolonged    pause. 
8.  coronet  of  a  horse's  pastern.    9.  name 
of  a  constellation.     10.  aureola  round  a 
saint's  head  in  a  picture,     n.  the  hair 
round  the  tonsure  of  a  monk.     12.  halo 
round   the   moon.     13.    Innesto   a  — , 


CORONAIO— CORRISPONDERE 


181 


grafting  by  separating  the  bark  and 
inserting  three  or  four  bevelled  off 
grafts ;  it  is  also  termed  Innesto  a 
buccia,  14.  Potare  a  — ,  to  trim  all 
the  branches  of  a  tree  to  an  equal 
length  so  as  to  make  a  round  top. 
15.  (hot.)  —  imperiale,  crown  imperial, 
Fritillaria  imperialis,  also  termed  Gig- 
lio  regio.  16.  —  d'  erba  =  Coice, 
Job's  tears.  17.  —  del  sole  =  Girasole, 
sun-flower.  18.  — di  spine  =Inchioda- 
cristi,  Lycium  Ruropaeutn.  19.  (shoem.) 
stitching  round  the  back.  20.  (mar.) 
crown  knot.  21.  —  d:  una  rota,  rim  of 
a  wheel.  22.  =  Ghiera,  "bush." 

Coronai-o  w.,  -a  f.\  rosary-maker. 
Coronale;  (anat.)  Osso  — ,  frontal  bone. 

Coroiianifhito  m.  ;  i.  crowning. 
2.  (mar.)  taffrail. 

Coronare  ind.  corono;  i.  to  crown. 
2.  to  trim,  v.  Corona  (14). 

Coronaria./;  (bf>t.)  —  de'  giardini,  rose  cam- 
pion,  Lychnis  coronaria. 

Coron-ato;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  (Cavallo)  — ,  broken- 
kneed.  3.  as  si.,  an  old  coin. 

Cpron-azi6ne=  Incoronazione,  -cina  dim.  of 
-a,  -cina  della  Madonna  rosary  of  prayers  to  the 
Virgin,  -ciona  or  -cione  augm.  sckfrz.  of -a. 

Coronella  f. ;  i.  (med.)  onychia,  sore 
finger,  usu.  Giradito.  2.  strengthening 
work  to  a  dam.  3.  protuberance  round 
the  base  of  a  plant. 

*  Coronide  ;  Per  or  Pro  — ,  as  adv.,  in  conclusion. 
*Coroniere  ;«. ;  =  Coronaio. 
Coronuccia/i;  dint,  spreg.  Corona  (5). 
Corpacciata  f. ;  —  Scorpacciata,  bellyful. 
Corpaccio  m. ;  spreg.  Corpo. 
Corpacci61-o  ;  Cerchi  -i,  hoops  round  the  body 
of  a  cask. 

Corpacci6ne  m. ;  augm.  Corpaccio. 
Corpacciuto ;  corpulent. 

Corp£tt-o  m.  ;  =  Sottoveste,  under- 
vest.  AJf.  -aia  =  Sottovestaia,  -mo  dim. 
vezz.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Corp-iccidlo  or  -icello  ditn,,  -iciattolo  dim. 
spreg.,  -ictno  dim.,  baby's  body;  v.  Corpo. 
Corpisanti  m.  pi. :  (mar.)  St  Elmo's  fire. 

C6rpO  ;«.  (L.  corpus,  root  kar,  to 
make ;  cp.  Sanskr.  karp,  beauty,  Gr. 
Kpaivta,  to  accomplish,  A.S.  hrif,  belly, 
>E.  midriff);  i.  body,  esp.  as  distinct 
from  the  limbs  ;  Dolor  di  — ,  belly- 
ache ;  Andata  di  — ,  loose  motion  ; 
Aver  il  benefizio  del  — ,  to  have  the 
bowels  regular.  2.  body,  with  an  im- 
plication of  pregnancy ;  Nascere  a  un 
— ,  to  be  twins;  Fare  a  un  — ,  to  bear 
twins ;  Avere  il  —  a  gola,  to  be  near 
her  time.  3.  (mar.)  hull.  4.  —  morto, 
mooring  buoy.  5.  quasi-fig.  body,  i.e. 
substance,  solidity  in  materials.  6.  (mil.) 
guard,  corps  de  garde,  or  guard-room. 

Phrases :  7.  A  —  morto,  desper- 
ately; A  male  in — ,  unwillingly.  8.  A 
— ,  in  a  lump  sum  ;  Contralto  a  — , 
(mar.)  lump  charter.  9.  Aver  roba  in 
— ,  to  be  possessed  of  a  secret.  10.  Far 
— ,  =  Far  la  spiga,  to  come  out  into  ear. 
II.  —  di  tromba,  pump-cylinder.  1 2.  — 
di  caldaia,  boiler-shell. 

Ml  maggior  — ,  D.  Par. '30.  39,  the  Primum 
mobile,  i.e.  ninth  or  highest  heaven  below  the  Em- 
pyrean. 

Corp6ne  m.\  augm.  Corpo.  As  adv.,  =  CsLT- 
pone. 

Corporal-e;  bodily.  Pena  — ,  imprisonment 
as  opposed  to  Pena  pecuniaria,  fine.  As  s6. ,  cor- 
poral, the  cloth  used  at  Mass  for  the  sacred  elements. 
Ajf.  .me'nte. 


*Corporato;  i.  Bene  — ,  well  built,  ii.  enrolled, 
embodied. 

Corp-oratura  figure,  shape  ;  -orazione,-6reo, 
as  E.;  -uccio  dim.  spreg.  of-o;  -ulento,  -ulenza, 
asE. 

Corpuscol-are,  -o;  as  E. 

Corpusd6mini ;  i.  Corpus  Christi,  or  the  Feast 
of  Corpus  Christi  on  the  Thursday  after  Trinity 
Sunday.  2.  (scherz.)  Pensiamo  al  — ,  let  us  have 
something  to  eat;  II  —  vien  prima  di  S.  Giovanni, 
i.e.  let  us  eat  something,  then  we  will  do  as  proposed. 

Corr. ;  ?/.  Corrente  (4). 

C&rre ;  syncop.  for  Cogliere,  to  take. 

*Correa  f.;  i.  fern,  of  Correo.  ii.  strap,  v. 
Coreggia  (A). 

Corredare  ind.  corredo ;  to  provide. 

Corredentricey ;  title  of  the  Virgin,  as  mother 
of  the  Redeemer,  and  so  co-redeemer. 

Corredino  in. ;  dim.  Corredo,  baby-linen. 

Corredo  m.  (mlt.  conredium,  pro- 
vision, <  a  Germanic  root  raid,  cp. 
Gothic  raidjan,  A.S.  gendjan,  >  E. 
ready,  O.H.G.  rdtan,  >Germ.  bereiten, 
to  prepare,  Germ.  Rat,  provisions)  ; 
outfit,  equipment.  *  banquet. 

Corr&ggere  perf.  corressi,  part,  cor- 
retto  or  *corresso  (L.  corrigere);  to 
correct.  AJf.  Correggibile. 

Corregg^SCO ;  after  Correggio  the 
painter. 

Correggi-a,  -ato;  v.  Coreggi-a,  -ato. 

Correggiola  f. ;  (hot.)  i.  =  Centinoda,  knot- 
grass. 2.  —  marittima,  strapwort,  Corrigiola  litter. 
alts,  also  termed  Millegrana  marittima. 

Correggitdre  m. ;  corrector.  *i.  =  Reggitore, 
governor,  il.  title  of  a  Venetian  magistrate,  iii.  = 
Correttore. 

Correggiudlo  m. ;  a  variety  of  olive  with,  black 
fruit.  *  =  Crogiuolo,  crucible. 

Correl-ativarnente,  -ativo,  -azi<Sne;  as  E. 

Correligionari-o  m.,  -ay.;  as  E. 
*Correntaiuolo  m. ;  flooring-maker. 
tCorrentare  ;  to  supply  with  floor-boards. 

Corr&nt-e;  i.  feminine;  stream,  cur- 
rent ;  —  d'  aria,  draught.  2.  masculine ; 
batten,  floor-board,  plank,  joist.  3.  in 
//.,  (mar.)  stringers. 

As  adj.:  4.  current;  Mese  — ,  current 
month ;  also  as  sb.,  the  current  month, 
often  abbreviated;  II  2  corr.,  2nd  inst. ; 
Giorni  -i,  running  days,  as  opposed  to 
Giorni  lavorativi,  working  days.  5. 
(mar.)  Manovre  -i,  running  rigging, 
ropes  passing  over  a  pulley.  6.  Persona 
— ,  easy-going.  7.  Metier  al  — ,  to 
enter  in  the  current  account.  8.  Metiers! 
al  — ,  lo  join  ihe  current  classes  of  in- 
struction. 9.  Mostrarsi  al  —  delle  cose, 
to  show  oneself  well  informed  about 
what  is  going  on.  10.  A  posta  — ,  by 
return  of  post.  n.  as  adv.,  v.  -emenle. 

Correntem&ite  or  Corrente  adv. ; 
fluently. 

Correntezza  / ;  v.  Corrente  (6). 

Correntina  (Correntia)  / ;  i.  diar- 
rhoea. 2.  paternoster,  in  fishing. 

Correntino  ;«. ;  lath. 

Correntista  ;«. ;  customer  of  a  bank 
with  a  current  account. 

Corrent6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  Corrente  (2). 
*Correnzay ;  =  Correntina,  diarrhoea. 
*  Correnzia  f. ;  impetuous  rush. 

Corr6o>«.;  i.  accomplice.  2.  joint- 
debtor.  3.  surety. 

Cdrrere  perf.  c6rsi,  part.  c6rso  (L. 
currere,  root  hers,  cp.  O.H.G.  /;>w,horse, 
the  runner,  A.S.  hross,  >  E.  horse,  v. 


Corruscare) ;  i.  to  run ;  of  money,  to 
be  current.  2.  Ci  corre  poca  dislanza 
da  Firenze  alia  mia  villa,  my  place  is 
a  very  little  way  from  Florence  ;  Ci 
corre  molto  da'  Promessi  Sposi  alia 
Monaca  di  Monza,  i.e.  the  laller  is  very 
inferior  to  the  other;  Ci  corre  tra  una 
persona  educata  ed  un  villano,  there  is 
a  difference  between  a  gentleman  and 
a  rustic.  In  speaking  familiarly  to  ex- 
press a  wide  difference  an  Italian  may 
say  Ci  corre  un  pugno  da  contadini, 
or  simply  Ci  corre.  3.  Lasciar  correre, 
to  let  things  take  their  own  course. 

4.  —  un  paese,  to  scour  it,  devastate  it. 

5.  —  una  lancia,  un'  asta,  lo  ride  in  a 
tournament.   6.  —  per  le  poste,  to  travel 
by  posl,  fig.  to  act  without  enough  pre- 
paration.   7.  Correr  la  paga,  to  be  pay- 
day ;    Gl'    interessi   di   questo  capitale 
corrono   da  gennaio,   interest   on   this 
capital    is    payable    in    January ;     In 
cap'  all'  anno  mi  corrono  land  denari, 
I  have  ever  so  many  paymenls  lo  make 
at  the  beginning  of  the  year. 

*Correria_/;  ;  =  Scorreria,  raid. 

Correspettiv-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  correspond- 
ingly,  etc.  Che  cos'  e  il  suo  correspettivo,  what  do 
you  offer  in  exchange  ? 

Corresponsidne  f. ;  loan  repayable 
by  annuity. 

*  Corresso  ;  part.  Correggere. 
Corrett-amente,  -e//a,  -ivo;  correctly,  etc. 
Corretto ;  part.  Correggere. 

Corret-tr5re  m.,  -tora/;  i.  corrector 
for  the  press,  reader.  2.  (hist.)  priest 
directing  a  lay  confraternity,  'governor. 

Correzional-e;  (&£-.)  as  E.     AJf.  -me'nte. 

Correzion-cella  or  -cina/.;  dim.  of -e. 

Correziriney;;  i.  correction.     2.  correctness. 
"Corribo;  v.  Corrivo. 
tCorri-corri  m. ;  streaked  gurnard,  v.  Capone 

Corrid<5-io  m.  (variant  of  Corritore,  <  L.  cur. 
rere)',  i.  corridor.  2.  (mar.)  lower  deck,  orlop  deck. 
*  ~  Ballatoio,  gallery. 

Aff.  -mo  dim.,  -iuccio spreg . 

Corrid6re  ;«. ;  i.  i.q.  Corridoio  (i).  2.  race- 
horse or  man  who  runs  races.  3.  (mil.)  scout. 
4.  (mar.)  (a)  =  Corridoio  (2);  (6)  in  //.,  short  ropes, 
laniards.  *  raider. 

Corri^ra/;  i.  mail-cart.  2.  post- 
man's wife.  3.  Nave  — ,  passenger- 
ship. 

Corrifere  m.;  i.  postman.  2.  king's 
messenger.  3.  courier.  4.  the  posl, 
i.e.  the  mails.  5.  (a)  —  biondo,  courser 
plover,  Cursorius  Europaeus ;  (b)  - 
grosso,  ringed  plover,  Aegialitis  hia- 
ticula,  also  termed  Corrione  col  collare, 
Piviere  col  collare;  (c)  —  piccolo,  lesser 
tern,  Sterna  minor,  also  termed  Piviere 
minore ;  (d)  =  Calandro,  rock  pipit. 

Corrig&ndo  m.;  young  criminal. 

Corrigibile;  corrigible. 

*Corrimento  ;«. ;  i.  ability  to  run.    ii.  galloping, 
iii.  passing  (of  time),     iv.  =Flusso. 

Corri6ne  tti. ;  ringed  plover,  v.  Corriere  (5,  b). 
tCorrire;  =  Correre,  to  run. 
tCorrisddo  ;«.;  =  Corrione. 

Corrispettivo;  v.  Correspettivo. 

Corrispond-ente,  -entemente,  -enza;  as  E. 

Cor-risp6ndere  perf.  -risposi,  part. 
-rispdslo  ;  i .  lo  correspond.  2.  lo  cor- 
respond in  silualion  oraspecl;  Daquesla 
parle  la  casa  corrisponde  col  giardino, 
Ihis  is  Ihe  garden  side  of  the  house; 
Bada  un  po'  dove  corrisponde  questo 
chiodo,  be  a  litlle  careful  where  this 


182 


CORRISPONSALE— CORTISELLE 


nail  comes  through.  3.  to  send  by 
regular  remittances  ;  Tutti  i  mesi  gli 
corrisponde  cento  lire,  he  sends  him 
a  hundred  francs  every  month.  4.  to 
make  a  return  for  kindness,  etc.;  Quel- 
1'  allievo  gli  corrispose  male,  that  pupil 
made  a  poor  return  for  the  trouble  taken 
with  him.  5.  to  guarantee;  Ha  detto 
che  non  vuol  —  per  chi  non  conosce, 
he  refuses  to  be  guarantee  for  a  person 
he  does  not  know.  6.  of  pain  or  other 
sensation  felt  in  corresponding  parts; 
Ho  un  reuma  in  una  spalla  che  mi 
corrisponde  sul  petto,  I  have  rheumatism 
in  one  of  my  shoulders,  the  pain  of  which 
I  feel  in  my  chest  too. 

Corrisponsale  in,  •  =  Mallevadore  in  solido, 
unconditional  guarantor. 

Corrissante  m. ',  joint-litigant. 
*Corritoio  m. ;  =  Corridoio,  corridor. 
*Corritore  m. ;  i.  runner,     ii.  =  Corridoio. 

Corrivamente;  hastily. 

•Corrivare  (L.);  to  collect  (water)  into  one 
channel. 

Corrivo  (Corribo)  (etym.  dub.) ;  i.= 
Corrente  (6),  easy-going,  credulous. 

2.  hasty,  careless. 

Corrobor-are  ind.  corroboro ;  to 
strengthen.  AJf.  -ativo. 

'Corroccioso  (v.  Corrucciare) ;  =  Scorrucciato, 
angry. 

Corr6dere>«y:  corrosi,  fart,  corroso;  as  E. 

*  Corrogare ;  =  Raccogliere. 
Corr6mp-ere/f?^  corruppi,  part,  corrotto;  to 

corrupt. 

*  i.  to  break,     ii.  of  the  weather ;  -ersi  all'  acqua, 
to  break  up_.     Ajf.  -Store,  -itrice. 

Corros-i6ne,  -ivo;  as  E. 
Corr6so ;  fart.  Corrodere. 
Corrottamente ;  corruptly. 
.  Corr6tto  ;  part,  corrompere.     *  As  sb. :  i.  weep- 
ing for  the  dead.     ii.  mourning  dress. 

Corrucciare  (Curicciare) ;  to  enrage, 
to  torment. 

Etym.  "corruftiare,  <  L.  cor,  ruftvm  (not 
<  L.  corruftio,  «•««,  mm  fere),  so  that  the  primary 
meaning  is  that  of  heart-breaking  from  grief,  r>.  Cor- 
ruccio,  cf.  Proven;,  corrosar,  old  Fr.  corrassier,  > 
Fr.  covrroux. 

Corrucciatam^nte;  angrily. 

Corruccio  m.  (It.  Corrucciare,  g.v.)\  anger. 

*  i.  =  Rissa,  strife,     ii.  as  fart.,  syncof.  for  Cor- 
rucciato.     iii.  =  Lutto,  mourning. 

•Corruccioso;  quick-tempered. 
•CorrudayC  (L.);  asparagus. 

Corrug-are  ind.  corrugo  (I,.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-amento. 

•Corruscare   (Coruscare)    (L. , < c oruscus,    for 
"scoruscus,    tremulous,   cf.   Gr.   tricaipw,   to  jump, 
O.H.G.  horse,  quick,  L.  currere,  to  run);  to  flash. 
Corruttelay;;  corruption,  \njtg.  sense 
Corrutt-ibile,    -ibilita,    -dre,    -rice,    Cor- 
ruzione ;  corruptible,  etc. 

Cdrsa  f.;     i.     running.       2.    race. 

3.  run,   excursion.     4.   hasty  reading ; 
Dar  una  —  ad  un  libro,  to  run  through 
a  book.     5.  Di  — ,  quick;  Far  le  cose 
di  — ,  to  be  in  a  hurry.     6.  Pigliar  la 
— ,  to  set  off  at  a  run.    7.  railway-train; 
Perdere  la  — ,  to  lose  the  train.    8.  jour- 
ney, course  ;   Quest'  omnibus  fa  dieci 
corse  nella  giornata,  this  omnibus  makes 
its  journey  ten  times  in  a  day.   9.  stroke, 
e.g.  of  a  piston.     10.  journey,  of  a  cab ; 
La  tariffa  per  una  semplice  —  e  ...,  the 
fare  fora  single  journey  is  ....    ii.  (mil.) 
Passo  di  — ,  the  double,  i.e.  running. 
12.    (mar.)   course.      13.    privateering. 
14.   a  variety  of  vine  from  Corsica. 

Corsac  m.;  a  species  of  fox  belonging  to  the 
Volga. 

Corsaccia /;/«•££-.  Corsa. 
•Corsaiuole  f.  fl.;  threads  of  a  loom  stuck  to- 
gether. 


*Corsale  m. ;  i.  =Corsaro.     ii.  thorax. 

Corsaletto  m.\  breastplate,  corselet. 
*  Corsara/;  vessel  of  the  Papal  customs  officers. 
Corsaro    ///.    (It.    corsa);    i.    pirate,    corsair. 
2.  privateer. 

Corse  m.  (Fr.  corset);  lady's  shirt,  bodice,  or 
stays. 

Corseggiare  ind.  corseggio;  i.  to  be  a  pirate. 
2.  to  plunder  the  enemy's  coasts  or  capture  his 
shipping. 

tCorsellow.;  space  between  a  bed  and  the  wall, 
or  between  two  beds.  The  term  is  Aretine  and  m  iy 
be  compared  with  Fr.  ruelU,  the  space  in  a  bed- 
chamber where  fashionable  French  ladies  in  the 
I7th  and  i8th  centuries  used  to  hold  receptions. 

Corserella/;  short  run. 

*Corsesc-a  f.;  a  spear  with  a  kind  of  triple 
blade.  Ajf.  -ata  blow  or  wound  with  a  Corsesca, 
-one  augm. 

Corsettina/?;  sub-dim.  Corsa. 
•Corsetto  in.;  i.  =Corsaletto.     ii.  dim.  of  (Can) 
corso,  Corsican  dog.     iii.  =  Corse. 

Corsf-a  /;  i.  current  of  a  river. 
2.  gangway,  passage  amongst  beds, 
furniture,  or  chairs,  in  a  large  room  or 
theatre,  esp.  the  central  passage  down 
the  middle  of  a  hospital  ward  or  of  the 
auditorium  of  a  theatre.  3.  (mar.) 
(a)  free  space  on  the  deck  for  going 
from  bow  to  stern ;  (b)  -e  di  lamiera 
accanto  ai  boccaporti,  tie-plates  outside 
the  hatchways;  (c)  bending  strakes  of 
the  decks.  4.  Cannone  di  — ,  bow 
chaser,  in  a  galley.  5.  in  mining,  shaft 
cut  for  drainage. 

Corsiera/;  i.  (mar.)  bridge.     3.  =Corsia  (5). 
Corsier-e  or  -o  m.;  courser,  horse. 
•Corsietta/:;  dim.  Corsia. 

Corsfna  /  dim.  Corsa ;  child's 
running. 

Corsiniano  ;  of  the  Corsini  library 
at  Rome. 

Corsf-o  ;  Acqua  -a,  running  water. 
*Bilancia  -a,  unfair  weighing  machine. 

*Corsivamente;  =  Di  corsa,  quickly. 

Cprsfvo ;  i.  flowing.  2.  cursive 
(writing).  3.  (print.)  Carattere  — , 
italics.  4.  as  sb,,  italic  type. 

C6rso  m.  (L.  cursus);  I.  running. 
2.  foot-races.  3.  running  path.  4.  course. 
5.  Aver  — ,  of  a  book,  to  sell  well.  6.  of 
money,  currency.  7.  street,  originally 
street  in  which  horse  races  were  run 
such  as  the  Corso,  now  termed  Corso 
Umberto  I,  at  Rome.  8.  —  delle  car- 
rozze,  or  absol.,  Corso,  procession  or 
string  of  carriages  following  a  fashion- 
able route ;  hence,  also,  throng  of 
people  on  foot  in  some  such  procession. 

9.  —    di    cinta,    (mar.)    sheer-strake. 

10.  as  part.,  v.  Correre. 

*  i.  =  Corsa,  excursion,  ii.  =  Rincorsa.  iii.  Reggere 
ii  — ,  to  walk  well,  go  along  well.  iv.  Uscire  in  — 
fuore,  to  set  out.  v.  Dare  i  corsi,  of  the  wind,  to  be 
favourable,  vi.  Prender  in  — ,  to  take  piratically. 
vii.  Andare,  Metiers!  in  — .  to  be  a  pirate,  or 
generally,  to  rob.  viii.  —  di  giudicio,  march  of 
events  ordered  by  Providence,  D.  Purg.  8.  139. 
ix.  -i  di  botteghe,  rows  of  booths,  x.  —  (delfo 


xyii.  =Concorso.  xviii.  Pigliar  — ,  to  adopt  a  trade. 
xix.  _ —  del  cielo,  revolution  of  the  heavens,  xx.  — 
di  pietre,  mattoni,  course  of  stones,  bricks,  xxi.  — 
di  penna,  stroke  of  a  pen.  xxii.  the  office  of  the 
Canonical  Hours,  xxiii.  line  to  be  followed  by  a 
knight  in  a  tournament,  xxiv.  —  lunare,  courses  of 
a  woman,  xxv.  in  France  the  rent  in  kind  paid  by 
a  peasant  to  his  landlord,  xxvi.  as  fart.,  overdue 
(interest). 

C6rso;  Corsican. 
*  Corsoio  ;—  Scorsoio,  running  (noose). 

Cortaccia/;  sfreg.  Corte  (2). 


•Cortaldo  m.\  i.  horse  with  its  tail  docked. 
ii.  short  piece  of  artillery. 

*CortanayC;  i.  =  Cortaldo  (ii).  ii.  sword  without 
a  point. 

C6rte  f.  (L.  cohors,  -v.  Skeat,  sub 
Court);  i.  court.  2.  court-yard. 

*i.  —  bandita,  festivities  on  a  great  occasion; 
Tener  —  ,  to  hold  such  festivities,  keeping  them  open 
to  alt  comers,  ii.  Uomo  di  —  ,  strolling  player  or 
jester,  mountebank,  iii.  Mangiar  1'  oca  alia  —  ,  to 
defraud  the  revenue,  lit.  to  eat  the  goose  without 
having  paid  town  dues  upon  it.  iv.  officers  of  justice. 
v.  enclosed  garden. 

*Corteare  ;  i.  =  Far  corteo.    ii.  to  come  to  court. 

Corte'ccia  /  (L.  cortex,  orig.  that 
which  is  cut  off,  root  kert,  to  cut)  ; 
i.  bark  (of  trees),  rind  (of  cheese), 
crust  (of  toast),  etc.  ;  Guardare  alia 
-  di  cose,  fig.  to  look  at  the  outside 
of  things.  2.  --  d'  Angostura,  (bot.) 
Angostura  bark  tree,  Gnlipea  cusparia. 

Corteccinay?;  dim.  Corteccia. 
tCortccciilo  m.  ;  =  Cantuccio  (2). 

Cortecci-6na  f.,  -6new.;  augm.  Corteccia. 

Cortecci-6ne  m.;  i.q.  -ona.  *i.  =Abito  troppo 
grave,  ii.  as  adj.,  a  variety  of  fig. 

Cortecciiso;  with  thick  Corteccia. 

Corteggi-are  ind.  corteggio;  to  court.  *i.  to 
be  a  strolling  player,  v.  *  Corte  (ii).  ii.  =  Tener  corte, 
v.  *  Corte  (i).  AJf.  -am_ento,  -atore. 

Corteggio  «/.;  train,  es/>.  of  some  grandee. 

Cortegiano;  "•.  Cortigiano. 

Cort6o  in.  ;  train  of  friends  attending 
some  ceremony. 

Cort6se  (It.  corte);  affable,  kind. 
*i.  Partirsi  alia  —  ,  to  go  away  without 
taking  leave,  ii.  Star  or  Recarsi  —  , 
to  fold  one's  arms,  to  stand  idle.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Cortesfa/;    i.   affability,  courtesy. 

2.  Far  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  give  it  away. 

3.  reward,  to  the  finder  of  a  lost  article. 

*i.  liberality,  ii.  Menar  —  ,  to  play  the  grandee, 
v.*  Corte  (i).  iii.  grace  of  God.  iv.  the  expressions 
of  politeness  at  the  end  of  a  letter. 

Cortetto  ;  i.  dim.  Corto.     2.  /?£.  rather  stupid. 
Cortizza/;  shortness. 

Corticale    (L.,    v.     Corteccia)  ;     T.     cortical. 
2.    growing  on  bark,  as  lichens. 
Corticilla/:;  dim.  Corte  (2). 
Corticina    f.;     i.  =  Corticella.      2.    vegetable 
tunnin. 

Corticiuccia/!;  dim.  sfreg.  Corte  (2). 
'Cortigiana/;;  i.  court  lady.     ii.  courtesan. 

Cortigianaccio  m.;  feg/?.  Cortigiano. 
*Cortigianamente;  i.  kindly,   ii.  like  a  courtier. 

Cortigian-ata  /;  low  flattery,  -ello 
m.  ;  dim.  of  -o.  -erfa  /;  I.  mean 
fawning.  2.  finesse  of  a  courtier  ; 
-escameilte  adv.  -dsco  ;  i.  insincere. 
2.  like  a  courtier.  *-ia  /  ;  i.  manners 
of  a  courtier,  ii.  harlotry. 

Cortigian-o  (Cortegiano)  m.  ;  i. 
courtier.  2.  flatterer.  *  villager.  As 
tidj.,  Lingua  -a,  courtly  language.  Aff. 
-one  augm.,  -uccio  spreg. 

Cortfl-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Corte)  ;  court- 
yard. 


sfreg. 


f.,  -ettoirVw.,  -one  augm.,  -uccio 


Cortina  f.  (L.  cortina,  prob.<con, 
vertere  >  **  coitertina,  v.  Walde,  sub 
Cortina) ;  curtain,  either  of  a  bed,  etc., 
or  of  a  fortification.  *v.  Faggia. 

Cortinaggio  m.;  bed-curtains.  *bed 
canopy. 

Cortino  ;  i.  dim.  Corto.  2.  _//>. 
rather  stupid.  *oil  of  horse-radish 
seed. 

*  Cort iselle  /.  pi. ;  some  game  now  unknown. 


C6rt-o  (L.  curtus,  root  sqere,  to  cut, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Short);  short.  Abito  — , 
priest's  dress,  v.  Abito.  Calzoni  -i, 
knee-breeches.  A  farla  -a,  in  short. 
Andar  per  le  -e,  to  go  straight  to  the 
point.  Pistole  -e,  pistols,  v.  Pistola. 
Corto  giuntato,  v.  Giuntare  (2). 

*i.  Brodo  — ,  =  Brodo  ristretto,  strong  soup, 
ii.  Darle  -e  a  uno,  not  to  hold  out  much  hope, 
iii.  Rimaner — ,  to  be  nonplussed,  confused,  iv.  near, 
close  at  hand.  v.  Per  la  piu  -a,  just  lately. 

Cortola  f. ;  planishing  hammer,  with  convex 
head,  used  by  kettle-makers. 

*CorturayC;  i.  shortness,     ii.  stupidity. 

Cortusa  f.;  (bot.)  alpine  primrose,  Cortfiusti 
inatthioli. 

Coruccio  (Coruzzo)  tn. ;  i.  spreg.  Coro.  2.  dim. 
spreg.  Cuore. 

Corvacchi-a_/I;  =  Taccula,  jackdaw.  -6tto  in. ; 
dim.  Corvo. 

Corvaccio  /«. ;  spreg.  of  a  bad  priest. 
*Corvalo  nt. ;  71.  Corvolo. 
*  Corvatesco ;  like  a  crow. 

Corvatta ;  v.  Cravatta. 
*Corvattino  m. ;  a  variety  of  pigeon. 

Corvatton-a  augm.,  -e  augm.  spreg.  of  Cor- 
vatta. 

tCorvcll-a/,  -o  ;«.;  =  Ombrina,  bearded  umber 
fish. 

Corvetta  /  (A)  (mlt.  corbita,<\..  corbis, 
basket,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Corvette);  corvette,  sloop  of 
war. 

(B)(It.  corvettare);  curvet.     *  retinue. 

Corvettare  ind.  corvetto  (freq.  < 
L.  curvare  ;  cogn,  Fr.  courbetter,  from 
the  curve  of  the  horse's  movement);  to 
curvet,  i.e.  to  rear  a  little  and  then  jump 
off  the  hind  feet  before  the  fore  feet 
touch  the  ground  again. 

Corvetto  ;«.;  =  TaccoIa,  jackdaw. 

Cdrvidi  m.  pt. ;  the  crow  tribe  of  birds. 

Corvinay". ;  —  locca,  black  umber,  a  species  of 
grayling,  Corvina  uigra,  locally  termed  Occa  o 
Cappa  nera,  Locca  o  Ombrina  di  castro,  Ombrina 
bastarda  o  di  scoglio,  Corvo  di  scoglio,  Courb,  Urn- 
brina  di  niuri. 

Corvino ;  i.  black  like  a  crow.  2.  (ntar.) 
Becco  — ,  caulker's  knife. 

C6rvo  (Corbo)  m.  ( L.,  <  ah  imit.  root 
cor,  cp.  Germ.  Krahe,  E.  crow) ;  i.  crow. 
Corvo,  like  crow,  is  a  generic  term ;  the 
species  intended  by  the  word  standing 
alone  or  by  the  expression  Corvo  nero 
or  by  Corvo  reale  would  probably  be 
the  rook,  Corvus  frugilegus,  also  termed 
Cornacchione.  2.  —  acquatico,  or  — 
di  mare,  =  Marangone,  cormorant.  3.  — 
de'  campanili,  =  Taccola,  jackdaw.  4.  — 
franginoce,  =  Nocciolaia,  nut-cracker. 
5.  —  piccolo,  =  Gracchio.  6.  — grosso, 
impenale,  or  maggiore,  raven,  Corvus 
corax.  For  other  species  of  Corvus  see 
Cornacchia.  7.  —  di  notte,  night-heron, 
Ardea  nycticorax,  also  termed  Nitti- 
cora,  Sgarza  cenerina,  Sgarza  nitticora. 
8.  Una  colomba  o  un  —  ?  i.e.  innocent 
or  guilty?  9.  iron,  spreg.  priest,  ti.  — 
di  scoglio,  black  umber  fish,  v.  Corvina. 
ii.  Pesce  — ,  =Ombrina,  v.  Corvolo. 

tCdrvolo  w.;~Ombrina,  bearded  umber  fish. 

Cosa,  f. ;  i.  thing.  2.  affair.  3.  As 
ellipsis  for  Che  cosa,  what  ?  Giulietta  ! 
Cosa?  Vien  qua.  Julia!  What?  Come 
here.  4.  Esser  —  d'  alcuno  or  tutta  — 
d'  uno,  v.  Coso. 

*i.  II  resto  la  —  fara,  the  rest  will  come  of  itself, 
ii.  —  Parente,  relation. 

Etym.  L.  causa,  passing  in  mlt.  into  the  sense 
of  subject  of  litigation,  >  E.  cause,  in  the  same  sense, 
and  so  into  the  general  sense  of  thing,  cp.  Kr.  chose, 
v.  Causa (4).  The  German  S'ac/te,  originally  "cause," 
the  K.  "sake,"  has  undergone  the  same  change  of 
sense  and  now  means  "thin^.1' 


CORTO— COSTANTE 

Cosk ;  O  cosi  o  — ,  excl.  of  im- 
patience. O  cosi  o  —  purche  lo  finite 
presto,  one  way  or  the  other,  but  do  get 
it  done  soon. 

Cosacca/!;  Cossack  national  dance. 
Cosaccia/;  pegg.  Cosa. 
Cosaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Coso. 

Cosacco  ;  Cossack. 

Cosare  (It.  coso);  a  verb  used  when 
one  cannot  think  of  the  proper  one  for 
the  moment,  the  action  intended  being 
indicated  by  a  gesture. 

Cosar£lla ;  v.  Coserella. 

Cosariay^;  (bot.)  —  Ginesta  de1  tintori,  dyer's 
weed. 

*  Coscendere  ;  =  Contliscendere. 
Coscenza;  v.  Coscienza. 

Cosce'tt-a  / ;  leg  of  a  fowl.  Aff. 
-ma,  -ino,  dims,  of  -a  or  -o. 

Cosce'tto  (Coscitto)  m. ;  leg  of  lamb 
or  kid.  Servire  nel  — ,  Jig.  to  treat  (a 
customer)  handsomely. 

C6scia  /  (L.  coxa,  hip);  I.  thigh; 
Calzoni  a  — ,  tights.  2.  as  a  joint  of 
meat,  leg  ;  —  di  manzo,  round  of  beef. 

3.  —  del  ponte,  the  part  that  rests  on 
the  bank,  abutment.    Similarly  —  della 
volta,  abutment  of  an  arch.    4.  a  variety 
of  pear.     5.  —  di  dama,  or  di  monaca, 
a  variety  of  plum.    6.  in//.,  pillars  of  a 
press. 

*i.  —  del  carro,  flank,  D.  Purg.  30.  100.  ii.  frame 
of  a  gabion,  iii.  post  of  an  oil-press,  iv.  (arch.) 
=  Paradosso.  tv.  =Prosciutto,  ham. 

Cosciale  ;«.  ;  i.  thigh-piece,  '  of 
armour.  2.  the  main  bearer  of  a 
machine.  3.  pommel  of  a  lady's  saddle. 

4.  cheeks  to  keep  the  pole  of  a  carriage 
in  position.     5.  artificial  thigh. 

Cosciale'tto  m.\  \.  strengthening 
piece  for  the  axle  of  a  waggon.  2.  dim. 
Cosciale. 

Coscienz-a  or  Coscenza/  (L.  con- 
scientiti) ;  i.  conscience.  2.  conscious- 
ness. Aff.  -osame'nte,  -oso. 

CoscinayT;  dim.  Coscia. 
'  Coscino  m.  ;  =  Cuscino. 
Cdscio  m. ;  leg,  joint  of  meat. 
Cosci-6nayC,  -one  m.;  augm.  Coscia. 

*  Cosciuto  ;  with  large  thighs. 
Coscr-itto;    i.    conscript.     2.    recruit.     Ajf. 

-izione. 

Cosell-ina  sub-dim.,  -uccia  dim.  of  Cosa. 

Coseno  (Cosseno)  m. ;  (math.)  cosine. 

Coserell-a,  -(na,  -uccia  ;  dims.  vezz.  of  Cosa. 

Cosett-a/;  dim.  Cosa.     Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Cosett-accio  ;«.,  -acciay^;  pegg.  of  Cos-etto, 
-etta. 

Cosett-o  m.;  little  chap.    Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Cosett-uccia^;  spreg.  -ucciaccia/;  pegg. 
spreg.  of -a.  -uccio  m. ;  spreg.  -ucciaccio  m. ; 
pegg.  spreg.  of  -o. 

Cosi  ;  thus.  Cos'i  cos'i,  so-so,  i.e.  poorly. 
Etym.  not  precisely  known  as  regards  the  first 
syllable.  Corresponding  words  are  Provenc.  acsi, 
aissi,  eissi,  old  Kr.  issi,  eissi,  ainsitic,  einsinc, 
einsi,  ansi,  Fr.  ainsi,  Lombard  inset,  old  Span. 
ansi,  Span,  asi,  Portug.  assim,  Catalan  aai, 
Sicilian  accusl,  Romagnuol  acse ,  Brescian  isci,  all< 
L.  sic,  with  a  strengthening  prefix  varying  in  the 
different  dialects  corrupted  either  from  ac,  in,  aeque, 
eccu,  hoc,  cum  or  q»o  (for  quomodo).  The  «  of  ainsi 
'  is  intruded  under  the  attraction  of  avant  (L.  ab, 
ante).  For  the  second  syllable  of  Cosi,  v.  Si. 

Cosicche  or  Cosi  che  ;  so  that. 

Cosiffatto;  of  this  kind. 

Cosima  f. ;  an  October  variety  of  pear. 

Cbsimo;  i.  proper  name,  used  as  meaning 
stupid.  2.  pear-tree,  7'.  Cosima. 

Coslna  /.;  dim.  vezz.  Cosa. 

Cosino  ;//.;  dim.  Coso. 
*Cosire;  =  Cucire,  to  sew. 

Cosm-etico,  -ico;  as  E. 

Cosmo  m.  (Gr.);  i.  world.  2.  (hot.)  a  genus 
of  Compositae. 


183 


Cosmo-gonia.  -gdnico,  -grafia,  -grafica- 
mente,  -granco,  -grafo,  -logia,  -16gico,  -logo ; 
as  E. 

Cpsmdpoli  m.\  Stampato  in  — ,  scherz.  of  a 
book  irregularly  printed,  =  Stampato  alia  macchia, 
v.  Macchia  (9). 

Cosmopolft-a  //;.,  -ico,  -ismo  m. ;  cosmo- 
politan, etc. 

Cosmorama  tn. ;  as  E. 

C6so  m.  (variant  of  It.  cosa);  i.  a 
thing  of  which  one  does  not  know  or 
cannot  for  the  moment  recall  the  right 
name,  and  indicated  by  a  gesture  ; 
Dammi  quel  — ,  hand  me  that  thing 
there.  2.  a  more  or  less  contemptuous 
word  for  person  ;  Un  certo  —  che  non 
si  sa  mai  come  prenderlo,  a  sort  of  chap 
you  never  know  how  to  take  ;  Un  - 
fatto  e  messo  Ii,  an  insignificant  person 
not  capable  of  doing  anything.  3.  scherz. 
lover,  "young  man."  4.  an  undefined 
quantity,  Gli  e  costato  un  —  di  tremila 
scudi,  it  cost  him  a  matter  of  some  three 
thousand  scudi. 

•CosofRola/:;  i.  i.q.  Battisoffiola.  ii.  Monna  — , 
=  Donna,  affannona. 

tCosolina/;  pretty  little  woman. 
Cosdne  m. ;  augm.  Coso. 

tCosbtto  m. ;  i.  =  Cazzotto,  blow  on  the  head, 
ii.  large  piece  of  anything. 

Cospa-rgere  (Cospergere)  perf.  -rsi, 
part,  -rso  or  *-rto  (L.);  to  sprinkle,  to 
strew. 

*Cospessare  ;  =  Condensare. 

Cospettaccio  !  an  emphatic  Cospetto  !  *  swag- 
gerer. 

Cospe'tto  m.  (L.  conspectus);  i-  Ve- 
nire al  —  d'  uno,  to  come  into  his 
presence,  lit.  into  his  sight.  2.  sight  ; 
Al  — •  di  tutte  quelle  persone,  in  the 
sight  of  all  those  people.  3.  As  excl. 
of  astonishment,  an  ellipsis  for  Cospetto 
di  Dio. 

Cospettdne  !  an  angry  Cospetto  ! 
•Cospicere,  Conspicere;  to  gaze  at. 
Cospicu-ita,  -o;  as  E. 

*  Cospiegare;=  Impiegare. 

Cospir-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azioncella 
dim.  -azione ;  to  conspire,  etc. 

Cossendice  m.  (L.  coxendix) ;  (anat.)  ischium. 
Cosseno ;  v.  Coseno. 

*  Cossico(mlt.  coxigare,  to  limp,  <  L.  coxa,  hip); 

1.  Arte    -a,    algebra,      ii.    Numero   — ,   irrational 
number,     iii.   As  sb.t  the  unknown  quantity  of  an 
algebraical  problem. 

Cbsso ;«.(L.«w«.v,agrub);  i.  pimple. 

2.  Male  del  — ,  ear-ache.    3.  a  genus  of 
moths,  including  the  goat-moth,  Cossus 
ligniperda. 

*i.  ill  temper,  whim.     ii.  =Tarlo,  grub. 

Cossbno  m. ;  a  genus  of  minute  beetles  of  the 
weevil  family,  Cossonus. 

Cbsta  /  (L.) ;  i.  =  Costola,  rib. 
2.  sloping  ground.  3.  at  Florence,  the 
higher  parts  of  the  city.  4.  sea-coast ; 

— ,  as  adv.,  along  the  coast.  5.  Aiuto 
di  — ,  extra  payment  beyond  that  stipu- 
lated for.  6.  sheltered  place  in  a  garden 
for  delicate  plants. 

*  i.  Da  or  Di — ,  on  one  side,  away.     ii.  as  prep., 
=  Rasente,  along,     iii.  =  Vicino,  near. 

Costa   (L.   eccu,   istac);    there,    i.e.    the   place 
where  the  person  is  who  is  being  addressed,  v.  Costi. 
•Costado  m.;  v.  Costato. 

Costaggiti  ;  down  there. 
Costale  ;  costal,  of  the  ribs. 

Costame  tn. ;  (mar.) —  interne,  rider,  v,  Porca 
(2,  a). 

Costana./;  (vet.)  callous  tumour  on  a  horse. 
Costan-te,  -temente,  -za;  constant,  etc. 


1 84 


COSTARE— COTENNA 


Costare  ind.  costo  (L.  constare) ;  to  cost. 
*  =  Constare. 

Costassu  ;  up  there. 

Costatare  ind.  costSlo  (Fr.  constater);  71.  Con- 
statare. 

Costato  (Costado)  m. ;  region  of  the 
ribs. 

Costeggiare  ind.  costdggio ;  i .  (mar.) 
to  coast  along.  2.  to  border.  3.  when 
ground  has  been  ploughed,  to  plough 
along  the  ridges. 

Costei  f,  of  Costui. 

*Costelfame  w.;  =  Corbame,  ship's  timbers. 
Costellazione./;  as  £. 

Coster6ccio  m. ;  ribs  of  salt  pork. 

Costerella  f.;  dint.  vezz.  Costa  (z). 
Costern-are  ind.  costerno ;  to  throw  into  con- 
sternation.    Ajf.  -azione. 

*Costetto;  metathesis  of  Codesto. 

Cost!  (L.  eccu,  islic) ;  there,  i.e.  the  place  where 
the  person  is  who  is  being  addressed,  but  also  near 
the  speaker. 

Costicchiare  or  Costucchiare;  to  cost  rather 
dear. 

*  Costicentro  ;  =  Costi  dentro,  in  there. 
*Costicina,/;  i.=  Costerella.     ii.  =Costolina. 

Costi^ra  f. ;  i.  a  stretch  of  coast. 
2.  v.  Costiero  (2).  3.  bed  made  to 
slope  towards  the  south,  for  delicate 
plants.  4.  in  pi.  =  Sartie,  shrouds. 

Costtere  m.  ;  i.  coasting  vessel. 
2.  Pilota  — ,  coasting  pilot. 

Costi&r-O  adj. ;  i.  coasting.  2.  Barre 
-e  or  as  sb.,  Cpstiere,  trestle-trees,  v. 
Crocetta  (2). 

*Costinci   (L.    eccu,   isti»c,    -ce)',    there    where 
you  stand. 

Costip-are  ind.  costipo ;  to  constipate.  *i.  to 
heap  up.  ii.  to  condense,  iii.  -ato,  surrounded. 
Aff.  -azione,  -azioncella,  -azionuccia. 

Costitu^nte;  I.  feminine;  assembly 
elected  to  form  a  constitution  for  the 
State.  2.  masculine  ;  member  of  such 
assembly.  3.  in  //.,  constituents  of  an 
electoral  division. 

Costitu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  i.  to 
constitute,  to  form.  2.  —  la  dote,  or 
-  in  dote,  to  settle  a  dowry.  3.  -irsi, 
to  give  oneself  up  to  legal  authorities. 
4.  -irsi  parte  civile,  to  appear  as  civil 
plaintiff. 

Costituisti  ;  i.  Esser  al  — ,  to  be 
at  the  end  of  one's  life.  2.  Venire  al 
— ,  to  have  to  render  account  of  one's 
proceedings  ;  also  termed  Venire  al 
redde  rationem ;  Stette  un  pezzo  sulle 
sue,  ma  poi  venne  al  — ,  he  stood  out 
for  some  time  but  then  confessed. 

*Costitutario  m.  \  constitution-maker. 
Costitutivo  ;  v.  Costituire  (2). 

Costituto  ;//. ;  i.  the  proceedings 
before  a  magistrate  when  a  person  has 
given  himself  up,  v.  Costituire  (3). 
2.  (mar.)  report  of  the  master. 

Costituzionale;  as  E. 

*  Costituzionario      m.  ;      i.      constitutionalist. 
ii.    person  employed   to   make  and  issue   accurate 
copies  of  imperial  edicts. 

Costituzi6ne  /.;  i.  constitution.  2.  v.  Costi- 
tuire (2).  3.  —  di  rendita,  fixing  the  interest  payable 
on  debt. 

*  i.  =  Fondazione.     ii.    basis  of  an  action  at  law. 
iii.  =  situation,     iv.  =  Legge,  law. 

Cdsto  i/i.  (A)  (It.  costare)  ;  cost, 
•interest,  usury.  (B)  (L.,<Gr.) ;  (hot.) 
i.  costus  or  putchock,  the  roots  of  an 
oriental  plant  used  like  ginger.  2.  - 
minore,  costmary,  or  alecost,  Balsamita 
vulgaris,  formerly  termed  Costus  ain- 


arus,  whence  the  E.  costmary,  through 
Fr.  coste  amere ;  its  other  name  alecost 
is  from  the  use  formerly  made  of  its 
leaves  for  spicing  ale  before  the  intro- 
duction of  hops.  It  is  the  same  as  the 
Pyrethrum  tanacetum  of  Linnaeus.  For 
its  Italian  synonyms,  v.  Erba  (70,  c). 

C6stol-a  /  (mlt.  costula,  dim.  of  L. 
costa);  i.  rib;  Mangiare  una  —  a  uno, 
(scherz.)  to  dine  with  him  ;  Mangiare 
alle  -e  a  uno,  to  live  at  his  expense ; 
Stare  alle  -e  a  uno,  to  be  always  at  his 
elbow.  2.  back  of  a  knife,  comb  or 
book.  3.  rib  of  a  leaf.  4.  rib  of  beef; 
-  piena,  vuota,  with  much,  or  little 
meat.  5.  corner  of  a  table  or  bench, 
stave  of  a  cask,  rib  of  vaulting,  edge  of 
a  prism  or  the  like.  6.  (hot.)  -e  d'  asino, 
long-rooted  cat's-ear,  Hypochaeris  radi- 
cata,  also  termed  Costolone. 

Costolame  m. ;  ribs. 
Costolato  m. ;  =  Lotnbata,   loin    (of 
beef).     *As  adj.,  ribbed. 

Costolatura  / ;  i.q.  Costolame,  ribs. 

Costol&tta  / ;  dim.  Costola  (4), 
mutton  cutlet. 

Costolettfnay^;  dim.  Costoletta. 
*CostoliereyC;  sword,  with  but  one  sharp  edge. 

Costolfna  f. ;  dim.,  rib  of  a  baby  or 
of  a  small  leaf. 

Cdstolo  w.;=Frassino,  ash  tree. 

Costol6ne  m.  (aitifin.  Costola) ;  I.  rib 
of  a  vaulted  roof.  2.  big  strong  man. 
3.  (bot.)  cat's-ear,  -v.  Costola  (6).  thard 
or  hard-hearted  man. 

Costoluto;  (leaf)  with  a  thick  rib. 

Cost6ne  in. ;  (war.)  side-piece  of  a  wooden- 
built  m:isl. 

•Costore  m.  (mlt.  consutor,<L.  mere,  to  sew); 
=  Cucitore,  stitcher. 

Cost6ro  (bit.  ecc»,  istorum) ;  pi.  of  Costui  and 
Costei. 

Cost6s-o;  costly.     AJf.  -etto,  dim. 

Cost&tomo  m.;  knife  for  cutting  Costole. 

Costretto  ;  part.  Costringere. 

*  Costrice  f.  of  Costore. 

Costr-lngere  perf.  -insi,  part.  -e"tto; 
to  constrain. 

Costr-ingim^nto m. ;  i.  constriction. 
2.  constraint. 

Costrittivo;  i.  constricti ve.  2.(siirg.~) 
(bandage)  for  retaining  a  thing  in  posi- 
tion. 

Costrizi6ne  f. ;  i.q.  Costringimento. 

Costruire  ind.  costru-isco  -isci  -isce 
-iamo  -ite  -iscono,  perf.  costr-ussi  or 
-uii  -uisti  or  -ui  -uimmo  -uiste  -ussero 
or  -uirono,  fut.  costruir-6  -ai  -k  -^mo 
-dte  -anno,  part,  costruito  or  costrutto 
(L.  construere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Structure) ; 
i.  to  construct.  2.  (gram.)  to  parse. 
*(>natA.)  to  solve. 

Costrutto ;  part.  Costruire.  As  sb. : 
i,  (gram.)  construction.  2.  advantage, 
good. 

'interpretation,  D.  Par.  12.67.  Senza  — ,  without 
interpretation  into  words,  Par.  23.  24. 

Costrut-t6re  /«.;  constructor.     Ajf.  -trice. 
Costruzi6ne  f.;    i.    construction.     2.    Far  — , 
to  parse.     3.    —  a  labbro,  (mar.)  carvel  built. 
Costui  (L.  Cecil,  iste);  spreg.,  that  fellow. 
•Costulato;  ribbed. 

Costumaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Costume. 


Costumanza  /  ;  old  custom.  *  = 
Pratica. 

Costum-are  ind.  costumo;  i.  to  be 
in  the  habit  of.  2.  to  be  customary. 
3.  part,  -ato,  well-bred,  well-behaved. 

Costumatamdnte ;  politely. 
Costumatezza  A  ;  good  manners. 

*Costumazione./;  =  Ammaestramento, 

Costlim-e  m. ;  I.  usage  of  a  people 
or  country.  2.  Mai  — ,  bad  manners; 
Uomo  senza  — ,  man  of  no  manners. 
3.  in  pi.,  behaviour,  Certificate  di  buoni 
-i,  certificate  of  good  behaviour.  4.  cus- 
tom of  an  individual,  habit.  5.  costume, 
esp.  as  given  in  a  picture.  6.  fancy 
dress.  7.  character  as  exhibited  by  a 
dramatist;  II  costume  di  Otello  e  vero 
nella  tragedia  di  Shakespeare  ;  e  falso 
nell'  Orosmane  della  Zaira  di  Voltaire, 
the  character  of  Othello  is  truly  drawn 
in  Shakespeare's  play,  but  that  of  Oros- 
man  in  Voltaire's  Zaire  is  false  to  human 
nature. 

Etym.  Cogii.  bit.  coustuma  (8th  century), 
Provenc.  cosdumrta  or  costuma  f.  ynd  costum  m., 
Sardinian  ccstnmfm,  old  Fr-  costume,  Fr.  cotitume 
/.,  old  Span,  costumtif,  Span,  costvmbre  _f.\  cor- 
rupted<  L.  CQitsnetudinem,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Custom. 
Littre  writes:  "There  are  distinctions  to  be  made 
between  these  Romance  words.  Diez  points  out 
that  the  masculine  forms  cannot  be  directly  from 
CfHisuetuilinem,  the  suffix  of  which  must  have  been 
altered  into  -«;/«*«,  consut'ttutteii.  The  feminines 
in  e  however,  covtum*,  costumbre,  are  from  con- 
sueludinem,  like  amertume  from  amaritudinfin, 
whilst  the  feminines  in  a  correspond  to  a  neuter 
plural  consuttitmina,  such  neuter  plurals  frequently 
becoming  feminine  nouns  in  the  Romance  languages." 

Costur-a/  (**  consutura,  v.  Costore) ; 
seam.  Spianare  or  Ritrovare  le  -e  a  uno, 
to  beat  him  (as  a  tailor  beats  down  the 
seams  of  a  coat).  *  A  tre  -e,  excellent. 

Costurina/;  dim.  Costura. 

Costurino  m. ;  purled  stitch  occupy- 
ing two  turns  in  the  back  of  a  stocking, 
and  making  a  rib  or  Rovescino. 

Cosucci-ay?;  dim.  pegg.  of  Cosa.  -accio  in. ; 
spreg.  of  Cosuccio.  -o  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  of  Coso. 

CdtayT;  (bat.)  i.  May-weed,  Antkemis  cotula. 
2.  Anthemis  altissima.  *  =  Cote. 

tCotalare;  =  Dar  de'  pugni,  to  punch. 

Cotale  ;  =  Tale.     Un  — ,  so  and  so. 

*i.  As  sb.,  spreg.,  thing,  ii.  =Talmente,  in  such 
wise. 

Etynt.  Cogn.  Provens-  ^ital.  Span,  atal,  old 
Fr.  aintel,  itel,  perhaps  for  ictel,  <  L.  eccu  (or 
aeque)  talem. 

*CotalinayT;  =  Scarsella,  pocket. 

*  Cotalone  m. ;  i.  tool.  ii.  =  Ceffone,  box  on  the 
ears,  t  =  Pugno,  fist. 

tCotanat-ayC,  -o«.;  =  Vespaio,  drainage  stones. 

tCdtano  m.  (?*cotulns,  dim.  of  L.  cos,  cotis,  a 
hone) ;  flint. 

Cotanto  (cogn.  old  Span,  atatito,  Provenc. 
aitant,  <  L.  eccu  or  acqHt'  tantum) ;  i.  =  Tanto. 
2.  for  Cotanto  tempo,  so  long,  D.  Par.  29.  45. 

*Aver  due  cotanti,  to  have  a  double  share. 
Cote/:  (L.  cos);  hone.     *any  stone. 

Coteghino  (Cotighino)  or  pop.  Co- 
tichino  m.  (bit.  cutica<.  L.  cutis,  skin) ; 
a  kind  of  Bologna  sausage  meat  in 
which  minced  skin  is  an  ingredient. 

tCotegugno  til.;  dressing-gown. 
•Cotela;  :>.  *  Cogliere  (i). 

Cot6nn-a/.  (L.  cutis,  through  **cit- 
iinea ;  cp.  Fr.  conenne,  Provenc;.  codetta} ; 
i.  pigskin;  Metier  — ,  to  fatten.  2.  the 
same  scalded  and  with  the  bristles 
removed  so  as  to  be  eatable.  3.  in 
cattle,  the  callous  tissue  attached  to 


COTENNONE— COVATOIO 


185 


the  hide.  4.  (scherz.)  skin  of  a  man's 
head ;  Ha  dura  la  — ,  i.e.  he  hears 
nothing;  Gli  preme  la  — ,  he  is  timid; 
Far  — ,  Metier  su  — ,  to  grow  fat. 
5.  spreg.  for  Persona ;  Son  certe  -e 
quelle  li  che  non  si  fanno  di  nulla,  those 
people  are  nothing  but  a  useless  lot  of 
pigs,  lit.  pigskins.  6.  Tosare  a  — ,  to 
cut  a  person's  hair  quite  short,  or  to 
shave  his  head.  7.  —  del  sangue,  (med.) 
buffy-coat,  the  film  that  forms  on  blood 
when  drawn  out  of  the  veins  in  cases  of 
pleurisy,  etc. 

*i.  Ridurre  la  —  alle  ferite,  to  draw  the  edges  of 
a  wound  together,  ii.  Far  -e,  to  become  proud, 
iii.  superficial  crust  of  anything.  iv.  avaricious 
person,  v.  herbage,  forming  as  it  were  a  skin  to  a 
meadow,  vi.  boar,  D.  Par.  19.  120. 

Cotenn6ne  tn. ;  i.  skin  off  a  pig's 
back  with  the  fat  attached.  2.  Jig. 
rough  man,  boor. 

Cotenn6s-o ;  i.  v.  Cotenna  (3). 
2.  v.  Cotenna  (7).  3.  Angina  -a,  diph- 
theria. 

Cotesto ;  v.  Codesto. 

*Cotica^  (mlt.,<L.  cittis,  skin);  i.  =  Cotenna. 
ii.  =  Scorza,  Dark.  iii.  turf.  iv.  —  di  terra,  =  Piota, 
sod. 

Cotichino  m.;  pop.  for  Coteghino. 
Coticone  w.;=Cotennone  (2). 
Cotidiano;  =  Quotidiano,  daily. 
tCotighino  m. ;  v.  Coteghino. 
Cotiglion  nt.  (Fr.);  cotillon. 
*  Cotignolo  adj.;  a  variety  of  melon. 
•Cotil-a/,  -o  m.  (Gr.  KorvMj,  socket) ;  i.  (anal.) 
socket,     ii.  a  weight  of  nine  ounces. 
•Cotile;  v.  Cotila  (ii). 

Cotiledone     nt.    (Gr.    «oruAT(5a>i') ;     i.     (dot.) 
cotyledon.     2.   (anat.)  placenta. 
*Cotilo  m.;  =  Cotila. 
Cotildide/:;  (atuit.)  deep  socket. 
Cotino  m. ;  (&?/.)  =  Scotano,  Rkus  cotinus. 
Cotiss-a/;   (herald.)  cotice,  a  diminutive  of 
the  bend.     Aff.  -ato. 

*Coto  m.  (A)  (L.  cogitatus);  thought,  design. 
(B) ;  a  kind  of  dress,  ».  Cotta. 

Cot<5gn-a  /;  quince.  Aff.  -ato  or 
*-ata,  quince-jam. 

Cotognella  f. ;  the  name  of  several 
sorts  of  marble. 

Cotognastro  m.;  (6ot.)  cotoneaster. 

Cotognlno  adj. ;  i.  a  variety  of 
marble.  2.  Sapore — ,  flavour  of  quince. 

Cot6gn-0  m.  (L.  cotonium,  <  Gr. 
Ku8wi'toi/,<the  city  of  K.v8<avis  in  Crete); 
i.  Melo  — ,  quince-tree,  Cydonia  vul- 
garis ;  Mela  -a  or  Cotogna,  quince. 
As  adj. :  2.  with  a  quince  flavour. 
3.  (vet.)  of  a  horse's  foot,  excessively 
small. 

Cotdgnola  f. ;  a  variety  of  pear. 
*  Cotognolo  ;  =  Cotognino. 

Cotol<Stta/(Fr.);  cutlet. 

Cotonaria  /  ;  (hot.)  cultivated  rose 
campion,  Lychnis  coronaria,  also  termed 
Licnide  de'  giardini. 

Cotonato  ;  lined  with  cotton.  As 
sb.,  cloth  made  of  mixed  silk  and  cotton. 

Cotoncino  m.;  dimity,  a  kind  of  stout 
cotton  cloth.  —  inglese,  quilted  dimity. 

Cot6ne   m.   (Arabic   qutn,  cotton) ; 
cotton.          fulminante,  gun-cotton.    - 
in  rama,  raw  cotton. 

CotoncllaorCotonlnay:;  (bot.)i.q.  Coronaria, 
campion. 

CotonerieyC //. ;  cotton  goods. 
Cotonificio  m .;  cotton-mill. 

H. 


Cotonfna/;  i.  cotton  cloth.  2.  v. 
Cotonella. 

Coton<5s-o ;  cottony,  fluffy.  Tela  -a, 
cloth  made  of  more  cotton  than  wool. 

*Cotornice  f.;    i.=Coturnice,  quail.    ii.  =  Per- 
nice,  partridge. 

•Cotrazzolo  m.\  rough  stone. 

*  Cotrila  f. ;  a  weight  of  two  and  a  half  pounds. 
Cotrione  m. ;  pop.  for  Codrione,  bird's  rump. 

*  C otrone  tn. ;  contorniate  medal,  one  with  a  deep 
groove  round  it. 

C6tt-a/  (A)  (mlt.  cotta,<O.H.G. 
c/tozza,  woollen  cloak,  cp.  E.  coat) ; 
i.  surplice.  2.  gown,  long  coat.  3.  (mil. 
hist.)  coat  of  mail.  4.  tunic. 

(B)  (It.  cocere) ;  i.  cooking.  2.  the 
materials  being  cooked.  3.  the  burning 
of  bricks.  4.  =  Sbornia,  drunkenness. 

5.  Pigliare    una  — ,   to   fall    in    love. 

6.  Furfante  di   tre  -e,  or  di   tre  -e  e 
una  bollita,  thorough-paced  rascal. 

*  Uomo  di  terza  — ,  very  big  man. 

Cottanell-a  /,  -O  m. ;  a  pink  kind 
of  marble. 

•Cottardita  or  Cotta  ardita  f.\  large  cloak. 

Cottellina/;  dim.  Cotta  (A). 

C6tter»f.;  (E.)  (mar.)  cutter. 
•Cotticchiare;  to  cook  slightly. 

Cotticciare ;  to  roast  (mineral  ore). 

Cotticciata  f. ;  the  second  process 
in  iron  smelting,  viz.  forming  the  pigs 
after  separation  of  the  slag. 

*  Cotticcico ;  =  Cotticcio,  half-drunk. 

Cotticcio  ;  i.  half-drunk.  2.  slightly 
in  love.  As  sb. :  3.  pig,  of  iron  or  other 
metal.  4.  refuse  of  molten  glass,  t  = 
Loia,  dirt. 

•Cotticella/;  dim.  Cotta. 

•Cotticino  »<.;  =  Pietanzina,  tit-bit. 

•Cottiglio  m.:  roast  meat. 
Cottimante  tn. ;  v.  Cottimo. 

tCottimey:  pi.;  building  materials. 

*Cottimista  ;  =  Cottimante. 

Cbttimo  m.  (L.  yuoturnus,  how  many, 
<yuotus,  what) ;  contract  by  a  workman 
to  do  a  certain  job.  Lavorare  a  — ,  to 
do  piece-work. 

*  board  and  lodging.     Tenere  a  — ,  to  board  (a 
pupil). 

CAtto;  part.  Cocere,  q.v.  (5)  to  (ii).  As  sb., 
bull-head  fish,  Cottus  gobio. 

Cottdiayl;  i.  Legumi  di  buona  o 
cattiva  — ,  vegetables  easy  or  bad  to 
cook  ;  Scolari  di  pessima  — ,  pupils 
very  difficult  to  teach.  The  term  is 
also  applied  to  falling  in  love.  2.  ground 
where  the  only  things  to  grow  well  are 
funguses.  3.  evaporating  pan  in  a  salt- 
works. 

Cott6i-o;  i.  readily  cooked ;  Acqua 
-a,  water  good  for  cooking,  soft.  2.  fig. 
amorous. 

•Cottola;  Cottulay;;  =  Colloltola,  nape  of  the 
neck. 

Cottur-a  f. ;  cookery,  style  of  cook- 
ing. Se  la  cocitura  va  bene  il  pane  vien 
di  buona  — ,  if  all  goes  well  with  the 
baking  the  bread  will  serve  well  in 
cookery.  Venire  a  — ,  of  cooking,  to 
be  completed.  Bollire  a  — ,  to  boil 
until  the  food  is  completely  cooked. 
Esser  di  prima  — ,  (a)  to  be  done, 
cooked,  as  soon  as  the  water  boils, 
(d)  fig.  to  be  amorous. 

*i.  -e  di  fornace,  bricks  or  tiles,  ii.  =  Scottatura, 
burn,  or  mark  of  a  burn.  iii.  intoxication. 


CdtulayC;  (hot.*)  may  weed,  Antktmis  cotula, 
also  termed  Camomilla  mezzana,  Camomilla  fetida. 

•Coturnice,  Cotornice  /  (L.);   i.  =  Quaglia, 
quail,     ii.  =  Pernice,  partridge. 

Cpturno  m.  (L.,<Gr.  nodopvos) ; 
buskin.  Calzare  il  — ,  to  wear  buskins, 
i.e.  write  tragedies. 

"fCourb  in. ;  ii.  Corvina. 

Courbaril  m. ;  (&t>t.)  West  Indian  locust-tree, 
Hytneruica  coitrbaril. 

CdvayC;  i.  brooding,  sitting.  2.  nest- 
ing-place. 

*  i.  =  Covo,    lair.      ii.     nest.      iii.     tortoise-shell, 
iv.    bundle  of  hay.    t  =  Tinozza,  tub. 

Covaccfn.0  m.  (variant  of  Cofaccino); 
dough-cake,  cooked  under  ashes  with- 
out leaven,  or  by  placing  it  in  boiling 
oil. 

Cov-accio  or  -acciolo  m. ;   i.  lair. 

2.  scherz.  bed. 

Covace'nere  m.  or  f. ;  lazy  person, 
usu.  said  of  a  girl  who  sits  by  the  fire 
instead  of  doing  her  work. 

Covaia  /  ;  brood  of  bee  grubs. 

Covame'nto  m. ;  artificial  fish  hatching. 
Covanfdo  m. ;   scherz.   youngest,  pet  of   the 
family. 

Covare  ind.  c6vo  (L.  cubare,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Covey);  tr.  or  intr. :  i.  of  a  hen,  to 
sit,  or  to  sit  on  (her  eggs).  2.  of  deceit 
or  treachery,  to  be  hidden  ;  Gatta  ci 
cova,  ///.  there  lurks  a  cat,  said  when 
a  snare  is  suspected  in  something  said 
or  done ;  Sotto  consiglio  non  richiesto, 
gatta  ci  cova,  when  advice  is  given 
unasked  there  is  something  behind. 

3.  E  li  che  cova,   E   costl   che   cova, 
expressions  used  when  something  de- 
sired is  not  forthcoming  ;  Ci  vuole  un 
marito    per   questa   ragazza  ;    SI,   e   11 
che  cova,  this  girl  should  be  married  ; 
Yes,  but   there   is  no   husband   forth- 
coming for  her ;  Ma  dov'  e  la  coscienza? 
Oh  1'  ?  cost!  che  cova  a  tempi  d'  oggi, 
but  where  is  your  conscience  ?  Oh  that 
keeps  out  of  the  way  now-a-days.    4.  — 
i  suoi  bei  sacchetti,  of  a  miser,  to  brood 
over  his  money-bags ;  —  il  foco,  to  sit 
brooding  over  the  fire  ;   —  il  letto,  to 
lie  in  bed  late  ;   —  odio,  to  cherish  a 
secret  hatred.     5.  to  smoulder,  to  lurk  ; 
Nella  terra  covano  i  germi  della  nova 
stagione,  the  germs  of  the  forthcoming 
season  are  lurking  in  the  ground ;  Sotto 
il   buon  prezzo  ci  cova  la  frode,  if  a 
thing  is  cheap  it  will  turn  out  to  be 
not  genuine. 

*i.  to  dominate.  Fronzole  cova  e  soprasta  a 
Poppi,  the  castle  of  Fronzole  is  so  placed  as  to 
dominate  Poppi ;  L'  aquila  di  Polenta  la  si  cova,  the 
eagle  of  Polenta  (viz.  Guido  Novello,  who  had  an 
eagle  on  his  coat  of  arms)  rules  it  (Ravenna),  D.  Inf. 
27.  41.  ii.  —  gid,  to  cower  down.  iii.  of  water,  to 
be  stagnant,  iv.  Un  — ,  =  una  coyata  ;  Esserci  per 
un  —  d'  uova,  =  Esserci  per  assai.  v.  Avere,  Es- 
serci  una  cosa  covata,  iron.  =  Non  1'  averc,  Non 
esserci. 

Covarello  OT.;  =  Tottavilla,  tree-lark. 

Covata  /  ;  i.  hatching ;  Ha  man- 
dato  a  male  la  — ,  she  has  spoilt  her 
sitting.  2.  brood  of  chickens,  covey, 
hatch,  of  fig.  troop  of  children. 

*  i.  the  eggs  in  process  of  hatching,  ii.  Cattiva 
— ,  =  Persona  malnata,  as  a  term  of  abuse,  iii.  secret 
intrigue. 

*Covaticci-o ;  disposed  to  sit.  Gallina  -a, 
brooding  hen. 

•Covatoio  m.;  for  Letto,  bed. 

24 


1 86 


COVATORE— CREDERE 


the 


Covat6re  m. ;  of  the  cock-bird  when  he  sits  on 


eggs. 
CovatriceyT;  sitter. 


Covatura  /;  i.  sitting  for  the 
purpose  of  hatching.  2.  period  of 
sitting.  3.  —  del  seme,  hatching  silk- 
worms' eggs. 

*  Covazzo  m. ;   i.  =  Covaccio.     ii.  Jig.  ~  Patria, 
country. 

*Covell-a  or  -e  /.;  v.  Cavelle. 

*  Coverchiare  ;  =  Coperchiare. 
"CoverchiellayT ;  i.  lid.     ii.  fig.  fraud. 
*Covero  m.  (L.  cw/>ww);  =  Rame,  copper. 
*Covertura_X;  covering. 

Covetta/l;  (hot.)  prickly  dog's-tail  grass,  Cyno. 
surus  echinatus,  also  termed  Ventolana  ruvida. 
*Covidoso;  =  Cupido,  desirous. 

Coviello  m. ;  i.  a  "mask"  (v.  Mas- 
chera)  of  a  coward  pretending  to  be 
brave ;  the  term  is  from  a  certain 
Jacoviello  of  Naples  who  designed  the 
character.  2.  mountebank.  3.  mounte- 
bank's dance. 


*Coviglio  m.  (variant  of  Compiglio);  beehive. 

Covile   m,  (L.  cubile,  v.   Covare)  ; 

1.  lair,  den.     2.  in  //.,  holes  in  a  wall 
for  the  putlogs  of  the  scaffolding. 

Covino  m. ;  dim.  Covo. 

Covfto  ;  Esser  Ii  — ,  or  Averlo  Ii  — , 
to  be  not  there,  to  be  missing,  v. 
Covare  (3). 

C6vo  m.  (It.  covare);  nest,  lair,  form 
(of  a  hare),  fig.  retreat,  place  of  refuge ; 
scherz.  bed.  Farsi  un  — ,  to  make  a 
comfortable  place  for  oneself,  esp.  by 
illicit  means.  Pigliare  la  lepre  a  — , 
fig.  to  look  for  a  person  where  we  are 
sure  of  finding  him.  *Acchiappare  una 
cosa  a  — ,  =  la  palla  al  balzo,  i.e.  to 
make  use  of  an  opportunity. 

*Coyolo;«.;  i.=Covo.  ii.  metal  obtained  in  the 
first  fusion  of  lead  ore,  viz.  lead  with  some  silver  and 
possibly  gold. 

Covon-cello  or  -cino  m. \  dint.  Covone. 

Covdne  m.  (O.H.G.  hufo,  cp.  Germ. 
Haufen,  E.  heap);  i.  sheaf.  2.  shock 
of  corn,  heap  of  sheaves,  ta  sort  of 
grommet  of  rope  placed  in  the  middle 
of  the  yoke  of  a  pair  of  oxen. 

tCovordni;  Mettersi  in  —  ,=Accovacciarsi,  to 
squat  down. 

*  Covotigia  f.\  =  Cupidigia. 

*  Covrire ;  =  Coprire. 

*Cozione  f. ;  i.  =  Cottura.  ii.  =  Digestione. 
iii.  =  Fermentazione. 

Cozzay^;  =  Mitilo,  mussel. 

Cozzare    ind.    cozzo;    i.    to    butt. 

2.  fig.  —  con  uno,  to  dispute  with  him. 

3.  Dove  le  capre  non  cozzano,  i.e.  in 
prison.     4.  —  in  un  paese,  =  Capitarci, 
to  arrive  there. 

Etym.  dub.  There  are  three  fairly  possible 
derivations:  (i)  bit.  ** C0'iffiare,<_fctus,  blow,  (2)  L. 


through  conckeus),  cp.  Neapolitan  cozzetto,  nape  of 
the  neck,  Sicilian  accuzzari,  to  break  the  head,  v. 
Cozzo. 

Aff.  Cozzat-a :  i.  butting.  2.  tossing.  3.  goring ; 
-ina  dim.  vezz.  of  -a  ;  -lira. 

Cozzie  /.  pi.;  the  Cottian  Alps. 

C6zz-0  m. ;  i.  =  Cozzata  ;  Fare  a'  -i, 
to  butt;  Fare  a'  -i  co'  muricciuoli,  fig. 
to  run  one's  head  against  a  wall.  2.  Dar 
di  —  in,  to  meet  with.  *Dar  di  —  al 
sepolcro,  to  rise  from  the  dead. 

Etym.  In  sense  (i)  from  Cozzare  but  in  the 
phrase  Dar  di  cozzo,  the  meaning  of  Cozzo  may  very 


probably  be  "head  "and  Cozzare  may  be  a  derivative 
of  Cozzo  in  this  sense,  v.  Cozzare. 

tCozzolo  m.  ;  star-gazer  fish,  v.  Uranoscopo. 

Cozz6ne     m.     (L.    cocto,    broker)  ; 

1.  horse-dealer.        2.     match-maker. 
3.    horse-breaker,  trainer. 

*Cozzoro  m.  ;  bump,  bruise. 

Cra  era  m.  ;  cawing,  croaking  of  rooks  and 
ravens. 

•Crabrone  >«.  ;=Calabrone,  hornet. 

Crac  m.  ;  i.  the  sound  of  breaking. 

2.  bankruptcy. 

Craccay:  (L.);  tufted  vetch,  Vicia  cracca. 

Crai  (A)  (L.  eras,  to-morrow)  ;  Com- 
prare,  Pigliare  a  —  ,  i.e.  on  credit,  lit. 
to  take  (and  pay)  to-morrow.  (B);-  --  , 
=  Cra  era. 

*Craizia;  v.  Crazia. 

Crambe/  (L.,<Gr.  «poi(i/3i));  (tot.)  sea-kale, 
Crambe  maritima. 

Crambo  m.  ;  a  genus  of  moths,  Crambus. 

Crampo  m.  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  su6  Cramp); 
(med.)  cramp. 

Crancelino  m.  ;  (herald.}  pieces  of  a  broken 
crown  placed  obliquely  across  the  shield. 

Crangdne  m.  ;  —  comune,  shrimp, 
Crangon  vulgaris,  v.  Granchiolino. 

Cran-io  m.  (Gr.  xpaviov);  skull. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Craniolaria_/;  (bot.)v,  Corno(i6). 
Craniolog-ia,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o  ;  as  E. 
Crantero  (Gr.  KpavrT}p,<tpaiv<at  to  complete); 
Denti  —  ,  wisdom  teeth. 

Crapula  (Crapola)  /.  (L.,  <  Gr. 
KpaiirdXi;)  ;  debauchery  in  eating  and 
drinking. 

*  i.  muzziness  from  drink,     ii.  rich  food. 
Aff.  Crapul-are  vb.,  -one. 

Crascia  f.  ;  i.  diamond  cross  of 
certain  Orders  of  chivalry.  2.  a  Gallicism 
for  crachat,  spittle. 

CraSi  /  (Gr.  Kpamt,  xtpavvvfu,  to 
mix)  ;  i.  (gram.)  fusion  of  two  syllables 
into  one.  2.  (med,~)  state  of  composition 
of  the  blood.  3.  (pharm.)  liniment. 

Crassame'nto  m.  ;  coagulable  part 
of  blood. 

Crass-0  (L.)  ;  dense.     Aff.  -e"zza. 

CrassulayC;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  stone-crop. 
*Crastino;  of  to-morrow. 
*Crata/:;  =  Graticcio,  trellis. 

Cratego  m.;  (tot.)  a  genus  of  Rosaceae,  in- 
cluding the  hawthorn. 

Cratere  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  Kparfip,  cup); 
i.  crater.  2.  basin  for  collecting  the 
water  of  a  thermal  spring.  3.  bowl. 

*Craticcio  »f.;  =  Graticcio,  trellis. 
*CraticolayC;  =  Graticola,  grating. 

Cravatta  (Corvatta,  Crovatta)  / 
(Fr.  cravate)  ;  cravat,  introduced  into 
France  in  1636  from  Croatia,  whence 
the  name. 


Cravatt-aio  m.:    i.   seller  of  ties.     2. 
Fare  il  —  ,  =  Fare  1'  usuraio.     -inayC;  dim.  of  -a. 
tCravino  m.\  a  breed  of  spaniel,  v.  Spinone. 

Cr£zia(Craizia)yi  (Germ.  Kreutzer}-, 
i.  a  Tuscan  coin  worth  five  Quattrini, 
or  about  a  halfpenny.  2.  —  imbiancata, 
(a)  a  Quattrino  got  up  to  be  passed  as 
a  Crazia,  (6)  fig.  false,  untrustworthy 
person.  3.  Da  due,  tre,  quattro  or  sei 
alia  —  ,  i.e.  of  little  value.  4.  O  barat- 
tagli  quella  —  ,  said  when  a  person  keeps 
repeating  the  same  thing.  5.  Far  come 
quello  che  accomodo  la  —  ,  che  spese 
dieci  centesimi,  to  be  like  the  man  who 
spent  a  penny  in  repairing  a  ha'porth 
of  damage. 


Craziante  m. ;  copyist,  ///.  one  who 
copied  a  page  for  one  Crazia. 

*Craziata/;;  ha'porth,  quantity  to  be  had  for 
one  Crazia. 

'Craziuola/I;  dim.  Crazia. 

Crazzfna  /•  I  dim.  vezz.  Crazia. 

Creanza/  ;  good  breeding,  polite- 
ness. *  education. 

Ore-are  ind.  creo  (L.,<root  kar,  to 
make,  cp.  Gr.  Kpaivta,  to  complete) ;  to 
create.  Mai  -ato,  ill-bred,  unmannerly. 
*to  educate. 

Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura  with  dim. 
-aturina  and  augm.  -aturona,  -azione. 

Crebbi  ;  per/.  Crescere. 
*Crebro(L.);  frequent. 
tCrecchi  m.  pi. ;  =  Grecchi,  caresses. 

Crecchia_/;  (tot.)  heath,  Erica  vulgaris. 
tCrecchia  f.\  Prendere  a — ,  =  Prendere  a  crai, 
v.  Crai. 

tCreccuto;=Ficoso,  fussy. 

Credenz-a/ (L.  credentia);  i.  belief, 
opinion;  Dare  — ,  to  give  credence. 
2.  in  pi.,  religious  creeds.  3.  mercantile 
credit ;  Vendere  a  — ,  to  sell  on  credit. 
4.  debt  receivable;  Ha  piii  di  ventimila 
lire  di  -e,  he  has  more  than  twenty 
thousand  francs  owing  to  him ;  Le  -e 
1'  ban  fatto  fallire,  giving  credit  has 
brought  him  to  bankruptcy.  5.  Lettere 
di  — ,  =  Credenziali,  credentials.  6.  (from 
the  custom  of  tasting  at  the  side-table, 
v.  infra,  iii)  sideboard,  buffet.  7.  in  a 
large  house,  serving-room  next  to  the 
kitchen.  8.  in  the  general  sense  of  all 
that  is  served  up  to  table;  La  —  di 
casa  B.  e  squisita,  the  table  kept  in  B's 
house  is  first-rate.  9.  Genen  di  — , 
things  for  dessert.  10.  (eccl.)  credence- 
table,  small  table  near  the  altar  for  the 
sacred  vessels  when  mass  is  said. 

*i.  secret,  as  being  something  entrusted.  Giurare 
— ,  to  swear  secrecy;  Parlare  di  — ,  to  speak  in 
confidence,  ii.  assembly,  council  as  being  a  body 
dealing  with  confidential  matters ;  the  term  was 
applied  to  the  Council  of  Eighty  at  Florence,  to  the 
Reggitori  del  Comune  at  Como  and  to  a  representa- 
tive Council  at  Milan,  iii.  Far  la  — •,  to  be  a  taster, 
as  a  precaution  against  poison,  in  the  establishment 
of  a  great  noble,  L.  praegustare ;  this  tasting  was 
done  at  a  side-table  of  tne  banqueting-hall  which 
consequently  came  to  be  itself  called  Credenza. 
iv.  dinner-service,  the  crockery,  v.  Lettera  a  — , 
letter  of  recommendation,  vi.  Polizza  or  Bulletta 
di  — ,  =  Bulletta  di  spedizione.  vii.  (fret.)  trick  in 
horses  of  keeping  the  head  twisted  to  one  side. 

Credenz6ttay^;  dim.  Credenza  (6)  or  (7). 

Credenzial-e  ;  Lettera  — ,  credentials.  Riti- 
rare  le  -i,  to  recall  an  ambassador. 

Credenziera  /  (It.  credenza,  g.v., 
nos.  6  to  9);  housekeeper. 

*  i.  =  Credenza  (6).    ii.  table,     iii.  confidant. 

Credenziere  m. ;  butler. 

*  i.  private  secretary,  confidential  agent,    ii.  maker 
of  bonbons,  v.  Credenza  (9). 

Credenzfna  /  ;  dim.  Credenza  (6) 
and  (10).  —  a  muro,  shelf  formed  in 
the  wall  to  serve  instead  of  a  credence 
table. 

Credenz6na_/i ;  credulous  woman. 

Credenz-6ne  m.  •  i.  augm.  of  -a  (6) 
and  (7).  2.  credulous  man. 

C  red -ere  per/.  -&  or  -etti  -esti  -e  or  -ette,  part. 
-uto;  to  believe,  to  think. 

Etym.  L.  crederet<a.  root  her:  kerd,  heart, 
and  a  verbal  root  dere,  to  do,  so  that  the  primal 
meaning  is  to  entrust  the  affections,  v.  Skeat,  su6 
Creed,  Heart,  Do,  and  infra,  sub  -dere. 

*  Obsolete  forms;    the  principal   are,  Infinitive, 
Credre   Credire   Criere   Crire.     i.   frfs.   ind.  crido 
crio  creo  creggio  creggo  creio.     2.  pres.  ind.  cridi 


crii  crei  creggi  ere'  creii  crede.  3.  pres.  ind.  cride 
crie  cree  cregge  creie  creda,  i.  pf.  pres.  ijid.  ere- 
demo.  2.  //.  credite.  i.  imperf.  credia.  3.  //. 
imperf.  crediano.  i.  perf.  cresi  crisi  creddi  credetti 
cretti.  3.  pe rf.  crese  crette.  i. //•/«/ cresammo. 
2.  pi.  perf.  credessi.  3.  //.  perf.  crettero.  3.  con- 
ditional crederia  crederea  creria.  2.  pi.  conditiottal 
crederiate.  i.  pres.  subj.  creggia.  3.  imperf.  subj. 
credessi  credisse.  imperat.  crediati  credate.  part. 
creso.  gerund  creden'.  (From  To rnmaseo  and  Bel- 
lini.) 

Aff.  Credibil-e,  -ita,  -mente. 

Credit-o,  -6re;  as  E. 

Credit-rice  f.  of  -ore.     -uccio  ». ;  dim.  spree. 
of -o. 

Credo  m. ;  the  Creed.     *  =  Le  venture,  an  hour 
before  sunset. 

•Credondeo    m.    (corr.    of  credo    in    Dttim)- 
=  Credo. 

Credul-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -one  augm. 
•Creggere ;  v.  Credere. 


/;  i.  cream-pudding,  i.fig. 
cream,  choicest  part.  *  =  Panna,  the 
cream  of  milk. 

Etym.  dub.  Either  <  L.  chrisma,  v.  Cresima, 
infra,  in  loco,  and  Skeat,  sub  Cream,  or  <  bit. 
crenta,pl.  ofCremum,  cream.  Crernum  is  a  variant 
of  L.  cremor,  v.  Cremore,  infra,  in  loco. 

Cremagliera  /  (Fr.  crJmaillere,  < 
bit  cramaculutn,  which  is  perhaps  < 
Dutch  kram,  a  hook) ;  i.  toothed  iron 
post  in  a  fireplace  with  a  hook  for 
hanging  a  pot.  2.  toothed  parapet  in 
a  fortification. 

Cremare  (L.);  to  cremate. 
Crematistica/:;  v.  Crematologia. 
Cremat6io  m. ;  apparatus  for  cremation. 
Crematologia  yC  (Gr.  xprj/xa) ;  economics. 
Crema-tono,  -zione  ;  as  E. 

*  Cremente ;  =  Clemente. 

Cremisi,  Cremisino;  v.  Chermis-i, 
-ino. 

Cremdre  m.  (L.  cremor,  milky  juice 
of  plants,  root  kerem,  to  stir,  cp.  Gr. 
Kfpai/w/u,  to  mix) ;  — ,  or  Cremor  di 
tartaro,  cream  of  tartar,  bitartrate  of 
potash.  -  di  latte,  cream. 

•Cremosl  m. ;  v.  Chermisi. 

*  Cren  ;  v.  Crenno. 

*CrenayC  (A)  (L.  crena,  notch);  square  groove. 

(B) ;  =  Criniera,  mane. 

Crenata;  i.  (bot.)  Foglia  — ,  crenate  leaf 
(notched).  2.  Jiocca  — ,  a  species  of  cowrie  shell. 

Crenedro  m. ;  (bot.)  an  ornamental  evergreen 
with  creeping  branches,  Daphne  Cneorum. 

Crenico  (Gr.  «pijn),  spring);  Acido  —  an 
organic  acid  occurring  in  certain  ferruginous  springs. 

Crenilabro  m. ;  i.  —  macchiato,  dropped 
wrasse,  Crenilabrui  guttatus,  locally  termed  Liba, 
Donzella,  Papaga,  Langaneu,  Pittimedda  occhiu 
pernici.  2.  —  pavone,  peacock  fish,  Crenilabrvs 
favo,  locally  termed  Liba,  Donzella,  Papaga,  Pescc 
spuzza,  Lepa,  Blavie,  Rouquie. 

*  Crenno  m.  ;=  Rafano,  horse-radish. 
Creol-o  (Criolio)  m.,  -a/  (Spanish,  ?;.  Skeat, 

sub  Creole);  Creole,  one  born  in  Spanish  America, 
but  of  European  blood. 

Creosotp  m.  (coined  <Gr.  *p«<is,  flesh,  aiar- , 
stem  of  (Tumjp,  preserver) ;  creosote. 

Crepa/  (It.  crepare);  crack  in  a 
wall. 

Crepacci-a  f.,-om.;  i.  large  crack. 
2.  crevasse  in  a  glacier.  3.  (vet.)  crack 
in  a  horse's  skin. 

•i.    Dare  un  — ,  to  fall  down.     ii.    outburst  of 
laughter,     iii,    wound. 

Crepacciolo  m. ;  dim.  Crepaccio. 

Crepa-c6re  or  -cubre  m. ;  heart- 
breaking grief. 

•CrepaggineyC;  annoyance. 

Crepanellay: ;  (bot.)=  Piombaggine,  plumbago. 
tCrepant6sa/.;=Ernia,  rupture. 

Crepapancia;  Ridere  a  — ,  to  split 
with  laughter. 

Crepapelle ;  Mangiare  a  — ,  to  eat 
enormously,  ///.  to  bursting. 


CREDITO— CRI 

Crepare  ind.  crcpo  (L.);  i.  to  burst. 
2.  (fatn.)  to  die. 

Crepato  ;    i.  =Allentato,   ruptured. 
2.   As  sb.,  =  Crepatura. 

Crepatura/ ;  crack ;  —  della  pelle, 
chap,  from  cold. 

*  i.  =  Ernia,  rupture,     ii.  =  Crepaccio  (3). 

•Crepidine/  (L.  crepido,<Gr.  «j>i)iris,  founda- 
tion) ;=  Greppo,  crag. 

Crepidula  /. ;  slipper-shell,  a  species  of  limpet. 

*Crepitacolo  m.  (L.);  i.  clapper  or  rattle  used 
in  Holy  Week  instead  of  ringing  the  church  bells. 
ii.  an  old  musical  instrument,  iii.  child's  rattle  with 
bells. 

Crepitare  ind.  crepito  (L.) ;  to 
crackle. 

Crepit-azirine  / ;  (surg.)  crepitus. 
-0  m. ;  crackling. 

Crepolare;  =  Screpolare,  to  split. 
Crepol-atura,  -io;  v.  Screpol-atura,  -io. 

Crep6ne  (Crespone)  m.  (Fr.);  crepon, 
coarse  woollen  crape. 

Crepdni  m. ;  carnation,  v.  Viola  (6,3). 

*Crepore  m. ;=Dispetto,  dislike. 

*Crepund-e  or  -i  f.  or  m.  pi.  (L.  crepundia, 
child's  rattle):  mark  by  which  a  person  could  be 
recognised. 

Crepuscolare  adj.  •  of  twilight.  Cir- 
colo  — ,  small  circle  of  the  celestial 
sphere  drawn  parallel  to  the  horizon 
and  eighteen  degrees  below  it,  marking 
the  limit  of  twilight. 

*  As  vb.,  to  come  out  at  dusk. 

Crepiiscol-o  m.  (L.,dim.  otcreperum, 
a  Sabine  word,  darkness,  cp.  Gr.  Kvf(f>as, 
root  knap,  dark) ;  twilight.  Aff.  -fno  adj. 

Crescendo;  (mus.)  &s  E. 

*CrescenteyC;  i.  flowing  tide.   ii.  crescent  moon. 
*CrescentinayI  ;(/«*</.)= Carnosita,  excrescence. 

Crescenza  /;    I.    rise,    in   a   river. 

2.  water  or  mud  remaining  after  a  flood. 

3.  A  — ,  of  a  child's  clothes,  made  to 
allow  for  growth;    Febbri   di   — ,   the 
fevers  which  generally  occur  in  youth. 

4.  a  kind  of  cheese  made  in  Lombardy. 

5.  i.q.  Panettone,  a  Milanese  kind  of 
sweet. 


?rf.  crebbi,  part,  cresciuto 
(L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Crescent)  tr.  or  intr. ; 
i.  to  increase,  to  grow.  2.  to  bring  up, 
to  educate.  3.  of  a  river,  to  rise. 

•Crescevole;  i.  capable  of  growing,     ii.  useful. 

Crescime'nto  m. ;  growth. 

Crescidne  m.  (O.H.G.  chresso,  cp. 
A.S.  kaerse);  (bot.)  i.  —  inglese,  or 
Nasturzio  d'  orto,  cress,  Lepidium  sa- 
tivum.  2.  -  -  d'  acqua,  water-cress, 
Nasturtium  officinale.  3.  —  del  Para, 
Para  cress,  Spilanthes  oleracea.  4.  — 
de'  prati,  germander  speedwell,  Veronica 
chamaedrys. 

Crescione'to  m.  \  water-cress  bed. 

Crescita/:  ;=Cresciuta,  growth.  •  =  Ricrescita. 
Cresci-tdre,  -trice;  grower,  -uta;  growth. 
Cresciuto  m. ;  increasing,  in  knitting. 

•  Crese ;  yd  sing.  perf.  of  Credere,  D.  Purg. 
32.  32- 

•Cresentina  /;  toast,  buttered  and  fried. 

Cresima  /  (variant  of  Crisma); 
i.  (eccl.)  confirmation.  2.  E  passato  a 
— ,  scherz.  he  has  had  his  head  broken. 

•  i.  Tenerc  a  — ,  =  Tenere  a  bada,  to  keep  waiting. 
11.  =  Crisma. 

Cresimando  /«. ;  candidate  for  con- 
firmation. 


I87 

Cresimare  ind.  cresimo  ;  v.  Cresima 
(i)  and  (2). 

Creso  m.;  Croesus.    t  Creso;  v.  Credere. 

Cre'spa  f.  (It.  crespo);  i.  crease, 
wrinkle.  2.  curl. 

Cresp611-o  m.  ;  wrinkle,  crease,  in 
gilding. 

..  *[.J'm-  Crespa;  Far  -i  delle  ciglia,  to  frown. 
11.  a  kind  of  curled-up  biscuit  ;  Crespel  melato,  curled. 
up  honey-biscuit. 

•Crespezza/:;  i.  wrinkling,     ii.  curliness. 

Crespigna/;  (tot.)  i.  —  dolce,  wall-lettuce, 
Praenantkes  muralis.  2.  sow-thistle,  v.  Cicerbita. 

Crespfno  m.  ;  i.  St  Crispin,  patron 
of  bootmakers;  Benedetto  San  —  ! 
excl.  when  the  boots  do  not  fit  ;  Le 
career!  di  San  —  ,  too  tight  boots. 
2.  (hot.}  common  barberry,  Berberis 
vulgaris,  also  termed  Spina  acida, 
Trespino. 

Cre'spo  (L.  crispus);  i.  curly.  As 
sb.\  2.  curl.  3.  crape. 

.  *'•  =Grinzoso,  wrinkled,  ii.  =Accigliato,  surly. 
in.  of  the  sea,  rough,  iv.  of  singing,  uneven 

Crespolfna  /.;  t.  aim.  Crcspa.  2.  (bat.) 
(a)  lavender-cotton,  Saniolina  ckamaecyiarissa,  also 
termed  Carrapecchia,  Erba  da  bachi;  $)=Tanaceto 
crespo,  curled  tansy. 

*CrespoIo  »<.-;  dim.  Crespa. 
•Cresponc  m.;  v.  Crepone. 

Cresp-6so  or  -uto  ;  I.  wrinkled. 
2.  curly-haired. 


(L.  crista);  \.  fleshy  crest 
or  comb  in  many  birds.  2.  crest,  ridge. 
3-  <>>£••)  piles.  4.  scherz.  head-dress 
of  a  lady,  with  much  ornamentation. 
5.  (bot.)  (a)  —  di  gallo,  red-crested 
cock's  comb,Celosia  frisiala,a.ho  termed 
Fiore  velluto,  Nappo  di  Cardinale; 
(b)  yellow  rattle,  Rhinanthus  crista  galli. 

*  i.  the  top  of  the  head.  ii.  peak  of  a  hood. 

Crestaia/;  milliner. 

Crestafna  /  ;  milliner's  assistant. 

Crestella/;  walnut-wood  frame  which  covers 
the  fastenings  of  the  teeth  of  a  weaver's  comb. 

Crestomazfa/  (Gr.);  selections  for 
reading. 


•Crestoso;  i.   crested. 
Crestuto;  crested. 


ii.  troublesome. 


Cre"t-a/  (L.  from  the  island  of  Crete 
which  furnished  some  kind  of  white 
earth  to  the  ancients) ;  i.  clay.  2.  chalk, 
usu.  Calcare  bianco.  3.  Cacio  di  — , 
cheese  from  clay  pastures.  *vessel. 
Aff.  -aceo. 

*Cretano  m.  ;=Critino,  samphire. 

Cretinse;  Cretan. 

Cretico(L.);  Piede  — ,  in  verses,  cretic  foot, 
one  short  syllable  between  two  long  ones. 
•Cretigno;  clayey. 

Oretln-o  m. ;  cretin,  idiot  dwarf. 
Aff.  -ismo. 

Etym.  dub.    Probably  <  L.  christianus,  a  term 
adopted  out  of  compassion,  a  derivation  supported 
by  the  Swiss  from  crestin.     Littre,  however,  refers  it 
to  Germ.  Kreidling<  Kreide,  chalk,  on  account  of 
the  paleness  prevalent  in  these  idiots. 
*Cretone  m. ;  clayey  soil. 
Cret6so;  clayey. 

Crettare  ind.  cretto  (L.  crepitare); 
of  a  wall,  to  crack ;  of  the  lips  or  hands, 
to  be  chapped. 

Cretto  m. ;  crack  in  a  wall. 

Crezia  f.',  short  for  Lucrezia,  woman  of  the 
lower  classes. 

Cri,  Cric,  Cricche  or  Cricchio ;  the 
sound  of  a  grasshopper's  chirping,  or  of 

24—2 


i88 


CRIA— CRIVELLO 


glass  breaking,  etc.     Coltello  a  cricche, 
v.  Cricca 

*  Cria  f.  (It.  criare) ;  i.  —  Scria,  youngest  bird  of 
a  brood,  ii.  rhetorical  exercise  on  a  given  theme, 
iii.  =  Cecolina,  eel.  iv.  young,  unripe  chestnut, 
t  =  Pidocchino,  louse. 

*Criacciayl;  =  Diceria,  chatter. 

tCrialesco  w. ;  the  clapper  used  instead  of 
ringing  bells  in  Holy  Week. 

•Criare  (A)  (variant  of  Creare);  i.  to  create, 
ii.  to  cause,  iii.  to  elect. 

(B)  (variant  of  Gridare,  cp.  Fr.  crier) ',  to  cry. 

Cribrare ;  to  sift. 

Cribrazi6ne/;  i.  sifting.  2.  (med.) 
separation  of  the  fluids  in  animal  bodies. 

Cribr-o  m.  (L.  cribrum,  root  ker,  to 
separate,  cp.  cernere) ;  =  Vaglio,  sieve. 
Aff.  -6so,  full  of  holes. 

Cric ;  v.  Cri. 

Cricca  /  (variant  of  Criocca  for 
Triocca,  group  of  three,  <  Tre,  three, 
cp.  Treccia) ;  i.  clique,  crew.  2.  in 
printing,  piece  of  wood  which  keeps  the 
rounce  fixed  in  its  place. 

*i.  trio  of  three  court  cards  or  aces.    ii.  a  card 
game.     tiii.  =Gruccia,  door-handle. 
•Cricchia./;  =  Percossa,  blow. 


vegetable  fibre  used  instead  of  horse- 
hair. 

*hair,  or  wool,    t  crest  of  fowls. 

Crindidi  m.  pi.  ;  a  class  of  Echinoderms,  mostly 
fossil. 

Crinolfna  /.  (Fr.,  orig.  a  material  made  of 
wire  and  burse-hair);  crinoline. 

Crinbne  m.  ;  hair-worm,  living  in  the  bodies  of 
certain  insects. 

*  Crinuto  ;  =  Crinito. 

*  Criocca  f.\  \.  -  Cricca.     ii.  =Crocchio. 

C  rioforo  m.  (Gr.  jepuos,  frost)  ;  freezing  machine. 


Cricchiare;  =  Scricchuire,  to  creak. 
CrlccMo  m.  (A) ;  «/.  Cri. 

*(B)  i.  (variant  of  Gricchio);=Ticchip,  whim. 
ii.  Porre  il  grano  al  sole  perche  pigH  il  — ,  i.e.  to  dry 
it  for  threshing. 

fCricchiolente;  creaking.  Freddo  — ,  great 
cold. 

Cricco  m.\  i.  (/>«//.  T/.  Cri) ;  Coltello 
a  — ,  or  a  cricche,  clasp-knife  which 
when  opened  remains  fixed  by  a  catch. 
2.  (mar.)  hand-jack  for  raising  weights. 

tCriccoli  m.  //.;  =  Ficht,  caresses. 

Criceto  m.\  hamster,  Crtctha,  a  genus  of  ro- 
dents. 

Crico  ;«.;  =  Trapano  a  rocchetto,  ratchet  drill. 

Cricdide  (Gr.  xpi'icos,  ring);  (anat.)  cricoid 
(cartilage)  in  the  throat. 

*  Cridare ;  =  Gridare,  to  cry. 

*Crientulo  m. ;=Clientolo,  dim.  spreg.  Cliente. 

*  Criepare ;  —  Crepare, 

*  Crilie  ;  i.  pop.  for  Chirie.    ii.  =Crai,  to-morrow, 
t  Grille  I  =  Cristo! 

tCrirna  w.j  =  Clima. 

Crimenlese  m.  (L.  crime*  laesae  majestatis)\ 
high  treason. 

Criminal-e;  as  E.  As  sb.^  criminal  court  or 
law.  Ajf.  -mente. 

Criminalista  m.\  criminal  lawyer. 
Crimine  m.  (L.);  crime,     'accusation. 
Crimin6s-o;  flagitious.    AJjT.  -amente,  -ita. 
*Crimo,   Crimolo    m. ;  =  Scrimminatura,   hair- 
parting. 

*Crimoli!  =  Cristo! 

Crim6si  /  (Gr.  icpv/ids,  frost);  {med.)  illness 
due  to  cold. 

"Crinayi;  v.  Crine. 
*CrinagIia  yC;  =  Criniera,  mane. 
*Crinale  m. ;  large  comb  or  pin  for  ladies'  hair. 
Asdu£/.,  belonging  to  the  hair.    Muro  —  ,v.  Muro  (7). 

*  Crinata  f.\  i.  Criniera,  mane.     ii.  (lion's)  skin. 

Crine  (Crina) m.  (L. crinis) ;  I.  (poet.} 
hair.  2.  ridge  of  a  mountain ;  Andare 
,  to  keep  along  the  ridge. 

*i.  lion's  mane.  ii.  irradiation  of  the  stars,  iii.  tail 
of  a  comet.  iv.  —  fronzuto,  =  Fronde,  leaves, 
v.  =Crino,  horse-hair. 

Criniera    / ;      i.     horse's    mane. 

2.  horse-hair    plume    on    a    helmet. 

3.  comet's  tail.    4.  crest  of  a  mountain, 
5.  armour  for  a  horse's  neck. 

*Crinile  ;«.;  (zv/.)=Crena,  mane. 
Crinirsi ;  of  a  comet,  to  develop  its  tail. 

Crinito  ;  with  flowing  hair,  or  of  a 
comet,  with  long  tail. 

Crino  m.  (variant  of  Crine) ;  horse- 
hair for  stuffing  cushions.  —  vegetale, 


. 
'Crippio!  excl.  for  Cristol 

Criptay;;  =  Critta,  crypt. 
*Cripte/;  =  Critte,  duct. 

Crisalide  f,  (Gr.  xpvo-oAAt?);  chrysalis. 

*  Crisammo  m.  (Gr.  xpvo-a^|u.os)  ;  auriferous  sand. 
*Crisani  m.  pi.  ;  =  Denari,  money. 

Crisantemo  ;«.;  (bot.)  chrysanthemum. 
Crisellinayl;  some  species  of  crocus. 
Crisi  (Crise)/  (L.,<Gr.);  crisis. 

*  C  risidi  m  .  pi.  \  the  gold  group  of  metals. 
Crisididi  m.  pl.\  ruby-tail  flies,  Chrysididae. 

Crisma  (Crismate)  m.  (Gr.)  ;  con- 
secrated oil. 

CriSmale  m.\  vessel  for  consecrated 
oil. 

Crisobalano  m.  ;  (hot.)  cocoa-plum,  Chryso- 
balanus  I  coco. 

Crisoberillo  «.;  (min.)  chrysoberyl  or  cymo- 
pbane. 

Crisocalco  nt.  ;  (min.)  i.  a  variety  of  topaz. 
2.  =  Oricalco.  bronze.  3.  =  Cristoberillo. 

Crisocloridey?;  golden  mole,  Ckrysockloris. 

Crisocdlla_/  (Gr.  xP"<™«t  «oAAa);  mixture  of 
carbonate  of  copper  with  an  alkali,  used  by  jewellers 
as  a  cement  for  gold  ;  the  cement  formerly  employed 
under  this  name  was  made  with  a  silicate  of  copper 
or  with  borax. 

Crisdcoma  f.  ;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  Compositae, 
ChrysocofMti. 

Crisdlito  in.  •  (min.)  chrysolite. 

Crisomele  m.;  a  variety  of  quince. 

Criso-passo,  -pazio,  -pazzo  or  -praso  in.; 
chr^soprase,  a  variety  of  agate.  Etym.  Gr.  \fnttjit^ 
irfmtrov,  leek,  >  Crisopraso,  the  other  forms  being 
corruptions  of  this. 

Crisorino  m.;  an  imitation  gold  made  of  51 
parts  of_copper  to  ico  of  zinc. 

Crisdtilo  m.\  (tnin.)  a  variety  of  serpentine. 

C  risotipo  m.  ;  chrysotype  paper  forphotography. 

Crispi-ci,  -cina,  Cnss-e,  or  -o;  pof.  for 
Cristo. 

Cristall-aio  m.  ;  i.  glass-  worker. 
2.  =  Padella  delle  vetriere.  -ame  m.  ; 
glass-ware,  -eria  /  ;  glass-shop. 

Cristallfn-0  ;  I.  crystalline.  2.  As 
excl.,  Per  —  ,  =  Per  Cristo.  3.  Erba  -a, 
ice-plant,  v.  Erba  (39).  4.  As  st>.  = 
Cristallaio  (2). 

Cristallizz-abile,  -are  vt.,  -azione;  as  E. 

Cristall-0  w.  (L.,  <Gr.  Kpuo-TaXXoK, 
<  Kpvos,  frost  ;  root  kar,  hard)  ;  i.  glass; 
-i  delle  finestre,  window-panes  ;  —  a 
punta,  cut-glass.  2.  crystal.  3.  - 
minerale,  =  Salprunella.  4.  —  mar- 
moreo,  =  Corniola  bianca,  white  cor- 
nelian. 

*  Cristallocordo  m.  ;  a  kind  of  cymbal. 
Cristallograf-ia,  -o;  crystallography,  etc. 
Cristalldide/;  i.  =Erba  cristallina,  ice-plant, 

v.  Erba  (39).  2.  (anat.)  membrane  of  the  crystalline 
lens.  3.  in//.,  crystalloid  rocks,  rocks  imperfectly 
crystallised. 

tCristaredda;  v.  Sairide. 

Cristellay:;=Bubbola,  hoopoe. 

Cristio  or  Cristere  m.  ;  fof.  for  Clistere. 

Cristianaccio  m.;  i.  ptgg.  Cristiano.  2.  in 
good  sense,  like  Bonomaccio.  3.  as  simple  synonym 
for  Uomo. 

Christian-amente  adv.;  -eg^iare  to  be  like 
a  Christian;  -ello  sfreg.  of  -o  ;  -esimo  m.  Chris- 
tianity, the  religion  ;  -ita  f.  i.  Christendom. 
2.  Christianity,  membership  of  the  Christian  religion. 

Cristiano  m.  ;  \.  Christian.  2.  as 
a  simple  synonym  for  civilised  man  ; 
Dare  a  una  ragazza  il  —  ,  i.e.  to  find 
her  a  husband  ;  Da  —  ,  proper,  correct, 
decent. 


Cristo  m.  (L.,  <Gr.xpioTor,  anointed, 
<xp'<a,  to  rub,  i.e.  with  oil);  i.  Christ, 
viz.  in  His  Passion;  with  reference  to 
His  earlier  life,  the  term  used  is  Gesu. 
2.  Non  c'  e  Cristi  che  obbedisca,  i.e.  it 
cannot  be;  Non  c'  e  —  che  tenga:  il 
papa  rivorrebbe  il  poter  temporale,  it 
is  a  thing  which  cannot  be  done  ;  the 
pope  may  aim  at  recovering  the  tem- 
poral power ;  Non  ci  fu  Cristi  che 
facesse,  it  could  not  be  done,  lit.  there 
was  no  Christ  to  work  a  miracle.  3.  Non 
darebbe  un  —  a  baciare,  he  is  a  great 
miser,  lit.  he  would  not  hold  a  crucifix 
for  a  dying  man  to  kiss  (unless  paid  for 
it).  4.  Far  battere  un  — ,  to  bowl  a  man 
over,  knock  him  down.  5.  Pare  un  - 
alia  colonna,  i.e.  extremely  haggard. 

6.  Trovar  —  a  dormire,  to  meet  with 
an  extraordinary  piece  of  good   luck. 

7.  La-uoranti  di  — ,  idlers.     8.  Lumen 
Cristi,  consecrated  candlestick.  9.  Panno 
del  — ,  a  piece  of  embroidered  velvet 
festooned  upon  a  crucifix,  in  a  proces- 
sion.    10.  Dire  le  piaghe  di  —  d'  uno, 
to  speak  ill  of  him.     1 1.  Chi  vuol  —  se 
lo  preghi,  often  twisted  scherz.  into  Chi 
vuol  preghi  se  lo  cristi,  pop.  for  a  way 
of  refusing  to  do  a  piece  of  fagging,  = 
Go  and  do  it  yourself.     12.  Segnato  da 
— ,  deformed.    13.  Pare  un  —  spiranie, 
he  looks  worn  out,  cp.  supra  (4).  1 4.  Stare 
in  Cristi,  to  stand  at  attention ;  Tenere 
in  — ,  to  keep  (boys)  in  order.     15.  Gu- 
ardare  —  a  traverse,  to  squint.  16.  Esser 
la  -vigna  di  — ,  to  be  the  butt  of  every- 
body ;    £    finita    la  vigna    di    — ,   an 
equivalent  of  saying  to  card-sharpers, 
I  won't  have  anything  to  do  with  you. 

Critamo;  v.  Critmo. 

Crite  f.  (Gr.  KPI&J,  stye,  /*'/.  barleycorn)  ;  = 
Orzaiolp,  stye. 

Criterino  m.  \  dim.  Criterio. 

Criterio  m.  (Gr.);  i.  criterion,  a.  good 
judgment. 

Crftic-a  f. ;  criticism,  critical  judg- 
ment. Aff.  -dbile,  criticisaWe ;  -accia 
pegg.\  -ame!ntert</z>.;  -ante spreg.,  paltry 
critic ;  -are  vb.;  -astro,sorry  sort  of  critic; 
-at6re,  -at<5ra,  -atrice ;  -hdtto  dim.  spreg.; 
-ismo,  somewhat  spreg.,  minute  criti- 
cism ;  -o,  critical,  or  as  sb.,  critic ;  -6ne, 
i.  augm.  great  critic.  2.  pegg.  spiteful 
critic  ;  -6nzolo  dim.  spreg. ;  -uccio  or 
-uzzo  spreg. 

Critmo  or  Critamo  m.  (Gr.  Kp7J6nov);=Vi- 
nocchio  marino. 

Crito  m. ;  (ctient.)  gaseous  unit  of  weight,  being 
the  weight  of  one  litre  of  hydrogen,  '0896  grammes. 

CrittaorCripta/  (L.,  <Gr.  icpiWrr/); 
i.  crypt.  2.  (anat.)  orifice  of  the  duct 
of  a  follicular  gland. 

Crittocario  tn.\  (bot.)  Cryptocarya,  one  species 
of  which  yields  the  Brazilian  nutmeg. 

Crittogama  f.  ;  (tot.)  cryptogam,  esf.  the 
vine  fungus,  Oidium. 

Crittograf-ia./;  writing  in  cipher,    AJf.  -ico. 

Crittomeriay;;  (bot.)  Cryftomeria. 

Critt dnice  f. ;  an  Indian  genus  of  birds, 
Cryjttonyx. 

Crivellare  ind.  crivello  ;  i.  to  riddle 
with  holes  like  a  sieve.  2.  to  screen, 
sift. 

Crivellatura  /.;  i.  sifting.  2.  that  which 
remains  after  sifting. 

Crivello  m.  (L.  cribcllum,  dim.  of 
cribrum,  sieve,  root  ker,  to  separate, 


CRIVELLONE— CROCIFISSAIO 


189 


cp.  L.  cemere,  Gr.  Kplva) ;  I.  sieve,  usu. 
Vaglio.  2.  board  with  holes  for  the 
lower  ends  of  the  pipes  of  an  organ. 
t  =  Ombrina. 

Crivelldne  m. ;  coarsely  woven 
material,  like  a  sieve. 

*Crivo  »*.  ;=Crivello,  sieve. 

Croato  m. ;  Croat,  fig.  savage,  from 
the  behaviour  of  the  Croat  soldiery 
during  the  Austrian  occupation  of 
Lombardy. 

•Croatta/C:  cravat,  v.  Cravatta. 
*Crocaddobbato;  ornamented  in  crocus-colour. 

*  Crocalle  f,  ;  some  kind  of  precious  stone. 
•Crocca/.;  =  Gruccia,  crutch. 

Croccante  (Fr.) ;  crisp.  As  s6., 
almond  cake. 

*  C  roccare ;  =  Crocchiare. 

Crocch.6tt-a/-(Fr.);  croquette.  Aff. 
-ina  dim. 

Crbcchia  / ;  chignon. 

*i.  street  song.  U.  =Colpo.  blow,  t —  pelata, 
bald  head. 

Etym.  dtt&.  Perhaps  <  It.  rocchio,  roll,  with 
the  c  prefixed  for  euphony. 

Croccbi-are  ind.  crocchio  (v.  Croc- 
chio) ;  i.  to  give  a  cracked  sound,  on 
being  rapped.  2.  scherz.,  quasi-fig.  to 
give  the  sound  of  being  empty.  3.  fig. 
to  be  out  of  health.  4.  of  the  joints,  = 
Scricchiolare,  to  crack.  5.  of  a  hen,  to 
cluck.  6.  of  a  loose  horse-shoe,  to  rattle. 
7.  ir.  to  rap,  so  as  to  test  the  soundness 
of  a  vase. 

*i.  of  marble,  =  Screpolarsi,  to  be  cracked, 
ii.  quasi-fif.  =  Chiaccherare,  to  chatter,  to  gossip, 
iii.  to  thrash ;  -arsi,  to  come  to  blows. 

*Crocchiata^;  gossip,  v.  *  Crocchiare  (ii). 
C  rocchiet  to  m. ;  dim.  Crocchio. 

Crocchio  m.  ;  (A)  (etym.  unkn., 
perhaps  L.  cum,  rotulus, >**crottus, 
**croclus)  group,  knot  of  persons.  — 
politico,  club.  Stare  a  — ,  to  sit  together 
and  gossip.  Tenere  a  — ,  to  keep, 
detain  (a  person)  by  talking. 

*(B)  (L.  crotalutn,  rattle,  <Gr.  KporaAoF,  cp. 
(eporos,  noise);  sound  of  a  cracked  vase  when  rapped. 

*(C)  insulting  gesture.  (D)  as  adj.,  syticop.  for 
Crocchiato,  ill  ;  v.  Crocchiare  (3). 

•Crocchione  m.;  \.  chatterbox,  ii.  =  Zuccone, 
dunce. 

•Croccia/  (A)  (L.  cochlea,  snail) ;  =  Ostrica, 
oyster.  (B);  i.  =Cruccia,  crutch,  ii.  augur's  staff. 
(C)  (mlt.  crocca,  prob.  <  L.  crux,  and  therefore  cogn. 
to  B);  robe  worn  by  a  cardinal  in  conclave. 

*  Crocciare  ;=  Crocchiare  (5),  to  cluck. 

*  Crocco  m.  (from  a  root  which  is  both  Germanic 
and  Celtic,  cp.  Provenc.  and  Fr.  croc,  old  Scandinav. 
krokr,    E.   crook,   Welsh  crdg) ;    i.    hook,  esp.   for 
bending  a  cross-bow,     li.  gaff  used  in  tunny-fishing. 

*  Croccolare  ;  =  Crocchiare  (i). 
Croccoldne  (Coccolone)  m. ;  great  snipe,  Gal. 

linage  major,  also  termed  Beccaccino  maggiore, 
Pizzardone. 

Cr6c-e  /  (L.  crux) ;  i.  cross;  - 
greca,  with  the  four  arms  of  equal 
length  ;  —  latina,  with  the  foot  piece 
the  longest ;  —  di  Sant'  Andrea,  with 
the  branches  placed  obliquely  ;  — 
patente  (herald.),  v.  Patente  (2) ;  Dare, 
Pigliare  la  — ,  to  send,  or  go  on  a 
crusade.  2.  as  a  mark  of  cancellation ; 
Fare  una  —  sopra  un  debito,  to  cancel 
a  debt;  Fateci  una  — ,  think  no  more 
about  it  3.  fig.  trouble,  distress ;  Aver 
la  —  e  il  crocifisso,  to  have  one  trouble 
after  another  ;  Che  — !  what  a  bore ! 
Metier  in  — ,  to  persecute;  Non  si  pu6 
cantare  e  portar  la  — ,  two  opposite 


things  cannot  be  done  at  once.  4.  cross, 
as  a  decoration.     5.  (print.}  dagger. 

Phrases :  6.  Far  anima  e  — ,  to 
lose  a  baby  just  after  its  baptism,  v. 
infra  (16).  7.  --  bianco.,  verde,  etc., 
ambulance  corps  instituted  at  Naples 
and  elsewhere  on  the  occasion  of  the 
Cholera  epidemic  of  1884.  8.  Stare  con 
le  braccia  in  — ,  with  folded  arms. 
9.  Esser  il  diavolo  e  la  — ,  to  be 
mutually  detestable.  10.  Far  delle  -i, 
or  de'  segni  di  — ,  to  have  nothing  to 
eat.  n.  In — ,  crosswise.  12.  A  occhio 
e  — ,  approximately,  Calcolare  a  occhio 
e  — ',  to  make  a  rough  calculation ;  Versi 
fatti  a  occhio  e  — ,  verses  just  written 
down  carelessly ;  for  a  guess  at  the 
origin  of  the  phrase,  v.  Occhio  (13). 
13.  Punto'm — ,  cross-stitch.  14.  Santa 
— ,  (a)  v.  Crocesanta ;  (b)  the  Feast  of 
the  Elevation  of  the  Cross,  Sept.  14; 
Dante  mori  per  Santa  — ,  Dante  died 
on  the  1 4th  of  September.  15.  Spicchio 
di  — ,  v.  Spicchio  (4).  16.  Avere, 
Essere  la  —  all'  uscio,  when  a  death 
has  occurred  in  the  house.  17.  — 
verde,  v.  supra  (7). 

18.  (hot.}  (a)  —  di  S.   Andrea,   St 
Andrew's  cross,Ascyrum  cruxAndreae; 
(b)  —  di  Gerusalemme,  or  di   Malta, 
scarlet    lychnis,   Lychnis  chalcedonica, 
also  termed  Scarlattea ;  (c)  —  di  S.  Gia- 
como,  St  James'  cross  lily,  Amaryllis 
or  Sprekelia  formosissima,  also  termed 
Narciso  Jacobeo ;  (d)  —  di  S.  Stefano, 
i.q.  Ciano  de'  campi,  blue  cornflower; 
(e)  —  di  Sorrena,  West  Indian  prickly 
pear,  Opuntia  spinosisstma,  also  termed 
Fico  d'  India  spinosissimo  ;  (f)  Erba 
— ,  vervain,  T.  Erba  (40). 

19.  (mar.)  (a)  mark  showing  the  East 
on   the   old    compasses ;    (6)   —   della 
gomena,  fouling  of  two  cables;  t(c)  = 
Dragante,  main  transom;  t(«0  —  del- 
1'  ancora  =  Diamante,  crown  or  cross  of 
the  anchor;   (e)    In  — ,  of  the  yards, 
square,  i.e.  at  right  angles  both  to  the 
masts  and  the  keel. 

*  i.  (from  the  shape  of  an  X  as  meaning  ten)  period 
of   ten   years,     ii.  —  Coccarda,    cockade,     iii.  =Cro- 
cicchio,  cross-road,     iv.  —  e  lettera,  heads  and  tails. 
v.  Degno  della  —  gialla,  fit  to  be  punished  by  the 
Inquisition. 

Crocd  m.  (Fr.);  crochet- work. 
Crocellina  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  Croce. 
Crbceo  ;  (poet.)  saffron-coloured. 

*  Croceria  f. ;  troop  of  crusaders. 
*Crocero;  v.  Crociere. 

Crocesanta/;  alphabet  mounted  on 
cardboard  for  elementary  schools,  so 
called  from  the  cross  being  placed  at 
the  top  of  it.  Rifarsi  dalla  — ,  to  begin 
again  at  the  beginning. 

Crocesegnato ;  n.  Crucesegnato. 

Croce'tt-a/;  i.  ditto.  Croce;  Far -e, 
to  have  nothing  to  eat.  2.  (mar.)  cross- 
tree  ;  -e  maggiori,  cross-trees,  which 
together  with  the  Costiere,  trestle-trees, 
carry  the  Coffa,  top;  -e  minori,  simple 
cross-trees  where  there  are  no  trestle- 
trees  and  no  top.  3.  (tot.)  vervain, 
v.  Erba  (40).  *Apparecchiare  nlla  -^, 
to  have  nothing  to  eat. 


Crocetto  m. ;  locksmith's  file,  made  square. 

Crocevfa  y.;  =  Crocicchio,  cross-roads. 
*CrociaIe  m. ;  =  Crocicchio  grande. 

Crociame  tit. ;  (mar.)  "oreadth"  of  a  yard 
(i.e.  its  length  from  end  to  end,  ///.  the  degree  to 
which  it  crosses  the  ship  when  hauled  square).  Con 
poco  — ,  (ship)  with  small  yards. 

*Crociamento  >«.;  =  Cruciamento,  anguish. 

Crocianella  f. ;  (hot.)  cross-wort,  or  petty 
madder,  Cruciaitella. 

Croci-are  ind.  crocio  (A)  (It.  croce) ; 

1.  -  -   la   baionetta,   to    fix    bayonets. 

2.  -arsi,  to  enrol  oneself  as  a  crusader, 
to  join  in  a  crusade. 

*i.  to  mark  with  the  sign  of  the  cross,     ii.  (mar.) 
=  Incrociare,  to  cruise. 

*  (B)  (L.  cruciare) ;  to  torment. 

Crucial  —  Et !  (for  Crociate  baionette)  fix 
bayonets ! 

Crociata/;  i.  crusade.  2.  inter- 
section, esp.  that  of  the  nave  and 
transepts  of  a  church.  3.  =Crocicchio, 
cross-roads.  4.  Gridar  la  —  addosso 
a  uno,  usu.  Gridar  la  croce,  quasi-fig. 
to  persecute  by  ill-natured  remarks. 
5.  the  intersecting  bars  of  the  wheels 
of  a  watch. 

*i.  tax  for  the  expenses  of  a  crusade,     ii.  =Cro- 
ciera  (a). 

Crociato  m.;  I.  crusader.  2.  scherz. 
for  Cavaliere,  chevalier,  entitled  to  wear 
some  cross. 

*  i.    Christian,     ii.  a  Spanish  coin  stamped  with 
a  cross,  worth  ten  pauls  or  about  five  francs.     As 
adj. :  iii.  nmrked  with  a  cross  or  made  in  the  shape 
of  a  cross,     iv.  —  amore,  love  centred  in  the  Cross. 

Crocfcchio  (Crucicchio)  m.;  \.  cross- 
roads, place  where  roads  cross.  2.  place 
where  railway-lines  cross  each  other. 

3.  intersection   of  the   cobweb   fibres, 
"wires"  of  an  astronomical  telescope. 

Crocidare  (Crocitare)  ind.  cr6cido 
(L.,  of  imit.  origin) ;  to  croak. 

Crocier-a/;  i.  (mar.)  (a)  cruise; 
(b)  in  pi.,  narrows,  parts  of  the  sea 
where  the  courses  of  many  vessels 
must  intersect  ;  Le  -e  delle  Antille, 
delle  Canarie,  di  Gibilterra,  di  Ales- 
sandria ;  (c)  cruiser.  2.  cross-pieces 
for  supporting  the  leaves  of  a  folding 
table  or  the  like.  3.  (arch.)  space 
between  the  ribs  of  a  ribbed  vault. 

4.  Volta  a  — ,  vault  with  ribs  dividing 
it  into  such  spaces.    5.  the  constellation 
of  the  Sou  them  Cross.  6.  — dell'ancora, 
crown  of  an  anchor,  also  termed  Dia- 
mante.    7.    rope-maker's  reel  (framed 
upon  two  stout  bars  forming  a  cross). 

Croci&r-e  or-o  m.;  i.  =  Crociera(5); 

2.  the   cross-bill   (bird),   Loxia  curvi- 
rostra,   also    termed    Becc'   a    forbice, 
Beech'  in  croce,  Beccostorto,  Crocione ; 
—  fasciato,  two-barred  cross-bill,  Loxia 
bifasciata  ;  —  maggiore  or  delle  pinete, 
parrot  cross-bill,  Loxia  pityopsittacus. 

Croclfer-o  m.;  \.  bearer  of  the  Cross 
in  a  procession.  2.  in  pi.,  an  Order  of 
friars  devoted  to  the  service  of  the  sick. 

3.  As  adj.,  Piante  -e,  the  crucifer  family 
of  plants. 

*i.  =  Crociato,  crusader,     ii.  -a,  =  Crociera  (5). 

Croci-ffggere  perf.  -fissi  -figgfsti, 
part,  -fisso  (L.  crucifigere) ;  to  crucify. 

Crocifiss-aio  m. ;  seller  of  crucifixes, 
-fne  f-  pi-',  a  religious  sisterhood  at 


I9O 

Pistoia.    -iaom.;dim.oi-o.     -i6ne/.; 

crucifixion. 

Crociflsso  tn. ;  crucifix.  Avere  la 
croce  e  il  — ,  v.  Croce  (4).  Fare  d'  un 
sorbo  un  — ,  =  Fare  d'  una  trave  un 
nottolino,  v.  Nottolino. 

*  i.  As  adj.,  conformable  to  the  life  of  the  Crucified, 
ii.  —  a  uno,  alienated  from  Him.     iii.   Stare  alle 
spalle  del  — ,  i.e.  to  eat  the  bread  of  idleness. 

Crocinss6re  in. ;  crucifier. 

Crocile  m.',  in  pi.,  the  standards  with  their 
crosspieces  supporting  a  rope  as  it  is  being  made. 

Croc  ina  /.;  i.  (bot.)  vervain,  v.  Erba  (40). 
2.  dim.  Croce. 

Crocfno  m. ;  inhabitant  of  the  La 
Croce  quarter  of  Florence. 

Croci6n-e  m.;\.  augm.  Croce;  Farsi 
de'  -i,  scherz.,  to  cross  oneself;  Far  dei 
-i,  to  suffer  from  hunger ;  Fare  un  —  a, 
or  sopra  una  cosa,  (a)  to  give  it  up  as 
hopeless  or  impossible,  (b)  of  an  offence, 
to  wipe  it  out,  forgive  it  completely. 
2.  =Crociere  (2),  cross-bill. 

*i.  Far  —  delle  braccia,  to  cross  the  arms  in 
prayer,  ii.  —  Croce  (5).  iii.  Ciuco  dal  —  bianco, 
i.e.  fool,  utter  ass,  ///.  ass  with  a  white  cross  on  its 
back. 

*  Crocitare  ;  =  Crocidare,  to  croak. 

*  Crociuolo ;  v.  Crogiuolo. 

Crbco  m.  (L.,<  Gr.  *p<«or,  <  Arabic 
kurkum,  v.  Curcuma);  i.  (dot.)  crocus; 
—  bastardo,  =  Zaffrone,  safflower;  —  dei 
prati,  =  Colchico  d'  autunno,  meadow- 
saffron  ;  —  delle  Indie,  =  Curcuma  di 
Levante,  turmeric.  2.  -  -  di  Marte, 
(a)  —  di  M.  aperiente,  hydrated  per- 
oxide of  iron ;  (b)  —  di  M.  astringente, 
ferric  oxide.  3.  —  del  ferro,  rust,  ferrous 
oxide. 

*Crocodilo  m. ',  i.  =  Coccodrillo,  crocodile,  ii. 
name  for  various  prickly  plants. 

*Crogiare  (L.  criiciare^  v.  Crogiuolo);  to  roast. 

*  Crogio ;  syncop.  for  Crogiato. 

Crogiol-are  ind.  crogiolo ;  i.  to  roast 
slowly,  the  same  as  Rosolare  but  pro- 
ceeding more  gently.  2.  to  anneal 
glass.  3.  -arsi,  to  make  oneself  very 
comfortable,  e.g.  before  the  fire  or  in 
bed,  or  to  enjoy  oneself  over  a  book. 

Cr&giolo  in.  (It.  crogiolare) ;  i.  cook- 
ing at  a  gentle  heat.  2.  Dare  il  — ,  i.q. 
Crogiolare,  to  anneal,  by  slow  cooling ; 
Pigliare  il  — ,  to  be  annealed  or  quasi- 
fig.,  to  keep  oneself  warm,  v.  Crogio- 
lare  (3). 

Crogiblo ;  v.  Crogiuolo. 

Crogioldne  m. ;  augm.  Crogiuolo. 

Crogiublo  (Crociuolo)  m.\  crucible. 

Etym.  "Span,  crisol,  old  Fr.  croisettl,  Fr. 
creuset;  words  evidently  parallel  with  bit.  crucellns^ 
cros0llus,=Q\6.  Fr.  creusol ',  crensel,  Span,  crisuelo 
(whence  Basque  crisfhta,  cruscfua),  lamp,  <  L.  cru- 
ciare,  in  sense  of  melting  by  fire,  through  a  form 
**  cruciolmtt)  for  which  Littre"  substitutes  the  bit. 
critribuZttM,  a  sort  of  lamp  with  four  burners  placed 
crosswise,  cp.  E.  crucible;  the  name  is  attributed  by 
some  to  the  cross  with  which  these  lamps  used  to  be 
decorated.  Scheler  however  insists  upon  a  Germanic 
origin,  viz.  M.H.G.  krv$t  cp.  Germ.  Kraus,  A.S. 
kruse.  Dutch  kroes,  a  sort  of  jug,  and  considers  that 
the  Romance  words  have  been  attracted  towards 
L.  crux  by  false  popular  interpretation.  Some 
writers  even  go  so  far  as  Germ.  Kruglein>  dim.  of 
Krugt  —  Dutch  kruick,  earthenware  or  metal  jug" 
(Pianigiani).  For  L.  cntciarrt  to  melt,  KSrtmg 
quotes  Pliny :  aes  cntciatur^  the  ore  is  melted,  and 
dismisses  Scheler's  "krits"  and  Littre's  " cruci- 
bulum"  as  simply  impossible.  y.  Littre,  sub 
Creuset,  Skeat,  sub  Crucible. 

Crdgnolo  m.\  a  fish,  Atherina,  resembling  a 
sardine.  t  =  Corniolo,  dogwood. 


CROCIFISSO— CRUDO 

* Croio  (coffn.  Proven9.  c>w',<**crodius,<Keltic 
stem  crodjt,  cp.  Gaelic  cruaidh,  firm) ;  i.  stiff,  ii.  un- 
couth, iii.  surly,  iv.  cruel,  v.  =  Vergognoso, 
shameful,  vi.  slanderous. 

Croll-are  ind.  crollo  (cogn.  Fr. 
crouler,  Proveng.  crollar,  crottar,  point- 
ing to  a  bit.  ** co-rotulare  ;  from  co  or 
con,  for  emphasis,  and  **rotulare,  to 
roll,  <  L.  rotula,  dim.  of  rota,  wheel  ; 
there  is  further  evidence  for  **rolulare 
in  the  Proveng.  ratios);  \.  tr.  to  shake. 

2.  intr.  to  totter.     3.  of  a  building,  to 
fall  in,  of  a  tooth,  to  be  loose.     4.  -arsi, 
to  move  impatiently  from  one  leg  to  the 
other. 

*  i.  to  be  agitated,  D.  Purg.  32.  27.    ii.  —  via,  to 
fling  off. 

Crollat-a/l;  shake,  toss.     Aff.  -!na  dim. 

Cr&llo  ;«. ;    i.    shake.     2.   collapse. 

3.  fig.  decay.     4.  Dare  il  — ,  to  over- 
throw ;   Dar  1'  ultimo  — ,  to  give  the 
final  blow. 

*i.  Dare  sulle  forche  un  — ,  to  quiver  on  the 
gallows.  ii.  Senza  far  — ,  without  a  quiver, 
iii.  Esser  sul  —  della  bilancia,  to  be  hesitating, 
iv.  Al  primo  — ,  fig.  at  the  first  drink. 

Crdmayi  (Gr.  xpto/ja) ;  (mus.}  quaver. 

Cromaticay?;  science  of  colours. 

Cromatic-o  m.  •  the  chanterelle  mush- 
room, Cantharellus  cibarius.  As  adj., 
(mus.)  chromatic.  Aff.  -amdnte. 

Cr6m-o  m.\  the  metal  chromium,  so  called 
from  its  colour  (Gr.  \pui/ua,  colour).  Aff.  -ico. 

CromolitografiayT;  as  E. 
•Cromorno  m.\  (muf.)  some  wind-instrument. 
Cromotipo  /«.;  photographic  chromotype. 

Cr6nac-a  /  (variant  of  Cronica); 
i.  chronicle.  2.  current  gossip.  3.  diary 
in  a  newspaper,  list  of  the  day's  expected 
events. 

Aff.  -accia  ffgf.,  -hetta  dim.,  -hista  =  Croni«ta, 
-uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Crdnic-o  (L.^  <  Gr.  vpocos,  time) ;  chronic. 
Also  as  st.,  chronic  invalid.  Aff.  -amente,  -ismo, 
•ita. 

Cronista  m. ;  i.  chronicler.  2.  newspaper- 
reporter. 

Cronograf-la/:;  scientific  history.     Aff.  -ico. 

Cronografo  m.;  i.  scientific  historian.  2.  chro- 
nograph. 

Cronogramm-a  m.;  an  inscription  in  which 
some  of  the  letters,  differently  inscribed  from  the 
others,  indicate  a  date,  thus:  franCorVM  tVrbls 
sICVLVs  fert  fVnera  Vesper,  recalls  the  date  of 
the  Sicilian  Vespers,  MCCLVVVVVVII,  1282. 
Aff.  -atico. 

Cronolog-fa,  -icamente,  -ico,  -ista  (or  -o); 
as  E. 

Crondmetro  m. ;  as  E. 

Crosciare  ind.  cr6scio ;  =  Scrosciare, 
to  gurgle. 

*  i.   of  heavy  rain,  to  rattle,    ii.   of  green  wood 
burning,  to  hiss.     iii.  Jig.  D'  altra  materia  omai  il 
mio  dir  croscia,  I  am  now  boiling  over  with  other 
things  to  say.    iv.  —  un  riso,  to  give  a  loud  burst  of 
laughter,    v.  to  shower  down  (blows),  D.  Int  24.  120. 

Etym.  From  an  imitative  root,  cp.  Proven9. 
and  old  Fr.  croissir  and  croutre,  old  Span,  crujir, 
Span,  crvxir,  all  of  which  are  referred  by  Pianigiani 
to  Gothic  krittstan,  the  sound  of  gnashing  the  teeth, 
the  tti  being  changed  into  sci  as  in  Angoscia  from 
aiigiistia.  Cp.  E.  crash,  crush,  Fr.  eraser,  the 
grinding  of  the  teeth. 

Crbscio  m.  (It.  Crosciare);  =  Scroscio, 
gurgling. 

*i.  Andare  a—,  to  fall  headlong,  ii.  A  — ,  with 
a  great  noise,  iii.  loud  burst  of  laughter. 

Cr6st-a  /  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  Kptms,  frost, 
Kpva-Ta\\ot,  crystal,  as  a  thing  con- 
gealed) ;  i.  crust.  2.  incrustation. 
3.  shell  (of  crustaceans).  4.  Seminare 
in — ,  to  sow  without  ploughing.  5.  Dar 


le  -e,  to  pay  (a  person)  out,  to  thrash 
or  abuse  him ;  Aver  le  -e,  to  receive 
the  like  treatment.  6.  -  lattea,= 
Lattime,  milk-scab. 

Crostaceo;  crustacean  (animal). 

Crostare  ind.  cr&sto ;  in  cooking,  to 
produce  a  crust. 

Crostata/;  fruit-tart. 

Crostellfno  m. ;  sippet  of  toast  or 
piece  of  crust. 

Croster&la  / ;  i.  thin  incrustation. 
2.  soft  crust  of  bread. 

Crosterellfna  / ;  sub-dim.  Crosta, 
crust  of  bread. 

Crost-iclna  or  -fna/ ;  dim.  Crosta. 

Crostlno  m. ;  i.  small  piece  of  toast. 
2.  slice  of  bread  and  butter  served  with 
the  hors  d'teuvres  at  the  beginning  of 
dinner.  3.  queer-looking  person,  esp. 
dried-up  old  woman.  4.  scherz.  one  who 
walks  stiffly.  5.  =  Orliccio,  kissing  crust. 

tCrdsto  m. ;  =  Zoticone,  boor. 

*  C  rostola  / ;  =  Crosterella. 

Crostone  m. ;  augm.  Crosta,  incrustation. 

Crostdso;  I.  horny,  like  the  shell  of 
crustaceans.  2.  scabby,  incrusted  with 
scaly  matter. 

Crbtalo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  «.para\nv, 
rattle);  i.  rattle.  2.  rattlesnake,  Cro- 
talus  durissus. 

Crot6ne  m.  (Gr.  tcpoTtav,  the  castor-oil  plant 
which  received  this  name  in  Greek  from  a  fancied 
resemblance  of  its  seed  to  a  tick,  KpoTwp;  the  term 
was  transferred  to  the  genus  now  known  as  Croton 
on  account  of  the  purgative  properties  of  croton  oil); 
(fa>t.)  croton  oil  plant,  Croton  tfglium. 

•Crovatta^;  t>.  Cravatta. 

tCrovello  m. ;  i.  =  Ombrina  corvo,  bearded 
umber-fish,  ii.  wine  from  grapes  which  have  fer- 
mented but  have  not  been  pressed. 

tCrozza/:;  hammerheaded  sliark,  v.  Sfirna. 

•Crozzare;  to  caw. 

*Cruccevole;  irritable. 

*Crucciay:;  =  Gruccia,  dibber. 

Crucci-are  (A)  (contracted  from 
Corrucciare,  q.v.);  -arsi,  to  be  much 
vexed.  *(B) ;  v.  Cruciare. 

Crucciatame~nte ;  angrily. 

Cruccio  (Crucio)  m.  (It.  crucciare); 
i.  mental  or  bodily  suffering.  2.  anger. 

Cruccidso ;  i.  angry.  2.  quick- 
tempered. 3.  vexatious. 

Crucesegnato  or  Crocesegnato ; 
i.  scherz.  decorated.  2.  =  Crociato, 
crusader. 

*Crucian-o;  Rosi  -i,  v.  Rosicruciano. 

Cruciare  or  Crucciare  (L.);  to 
torment. 

•Cruciata/;  (tot.)  gentian. 
*Cruciato»r. ;  i.  torment,    ii.  =  Crociato. 
"Crucicchio  w. ;=Crocicchio,  cross-roads. 

Cruciffge;  Gridare  — ,  to  cry  out 
against  a  person,  i.q.  Dime  plagas. 

*  Crucio;  v.  Cruccio. 
Crudamente;  ?'.  Crudo. 

Crudel-e  (L.);  cruel,    'dreadful,  D.  Inf.  11.  3. 
Aff.  -acciofegf.,  -mente  adv.,  -tSl  j*. 
Crud-etto  dim.,  -ezzaiiS.;  v.  Crudo. 

Crud-o  (L.);  i.  raw.  2.  unbaked 
(pottery).  3.  immature.  4.  of  the 
weather,  raw,  damp.  5.  of  the  voice, 
harsh.  6.  of  colours,  crude.  7.  =Cru- 
dele,  cruel ;  Parole  nude  e  -e,  language 
of  brutal  simplicity.  Also  as  adv.,  Nudo 
e  — ,  bluntly.  8.  In  the  Divina  Corn- 
media  the  word  occurs  thirteen  times, 


CRUENTO— CUCINETTO 


191 


nearly  always  with  the  idea  of  that 
which  is  harsh  or  repellent,  from  which 
the  senses  revolt.  But  at  Par.  9.  48 
the  meaning  seems  to  be  that  of  back- 
ward: Per  esser  al  dover  le  genti  -e, 
since  the  folk  were  unready  to  do  their 
duty.  Similarly  at  Inf.  22.  120. 

Cruento  (L.) ;  (poet.}  blood-stained. 

tCrullare;  =  Crollare,  to  shake. 

tCrullo  m.\  i.  =  Rullo,  roller,     ii.  rocking  stone. 

tCrullorare;  i.q.  Crullare. 

•  Cruma  /. ;  a  kind  of  Castanet. 

Crumiro  tn.  (from  the  name  of  a  North  African 
tribe  with  which  the  French  had  or  were  reported  to 
have  trouble  near  Tunis);  t.  scherz.,  an  unknown 
or  ridiculous  person.  2.  workman  who  refuses  to 
join  in  a  strike,  scab. 

Cruna  (Cruno)  /;  needle's  eye. 
*  hill-top. 

Etym.  A  contraction  from  Corona,  a  form  still 
used  for  the  eye  of  a  needle  in  the  Roman  and 
Neapolitan  dialects,  whilst  Cruna  is  used  in  the 
Sicilian  dialect  for  Corona  in  the  sense  of  rosary. 
Possibly  the  eye  of  the  needle  was  thought  to  be 
like  a  tonsured  head,  to  which  the  term  Corona  is 
sometimes  still  applied. 

Crunio  m. ;  diuretic  medicine. 

Cru6re  m.  (L.);  (meet.)  a  term  vaguely  used  for 
blood  or  any  of  its  constituents. 

Crup  or  pop.  Grup  m.  (Scotch,  v,  Skeat,  sub 
Croup) ;  croup  in  children.  Aff.  Crupale. 

Crurale;  (attat.)  of  the  thigh. 

Crusca/.  (O.H.G.  criisc,cp.  Suabian 
Griische,  Swiss  kritsch,  dialectic  Fr. 
gruis,  Grisons  dial,  crisca.  Prod,  akin 
to  E.  crush,  q.v.  in  Skeat);  I.  chaff, 
bran.  2.  Intriso  di  — ,  or  simply, 
Crusca,  bran  mash.  3.  freckles  on  the 
skin.  4.  Prov.  La  farina  del  diavolo 
va  in  — ,  i.e.  ill-gotten  gains  never 
prosper ;  Vendere  piu  la  -  -  che  la 
farina,  i.e.  to  have  more  lovers  in  old 
age  than  in  youth.  5.  La  Crusca,  the 
Florentine  Academy,  founded  in  1583, 
which  took  this  name,  and  a  bolting 
sieve  for  its  emblem,  to  show  its  function 
of  separating  good  literary  work  from 
bad.  But  it  soon  became  proverbial 
for  pedantry.  Parlare  in  — ,  to  talk 
pedantically.  Scrivere  colla  —  alia 
mano,  to  write  with  affected  purism. 

Crusc-aio,  -ante:  alTected,  T.  Crusca  (5). 

Cruscatay! ;  writing  by  the  rules  of  the  Crusca. 

*  i.    tedious  discourse,     ii.    meeting  held  by  the 
Crusca. 

Cruschsggiare  ind.  crusche'ggio ; 
to  speak  pedantically. 

Cnischello  m. ;  bran  of  the  second 
sifting. 

Cruscherella  / ;  a  game  of  looking 
for  coins  in  bran.  *  =  Cruscherello  (i). 

Cruscherell-o  m.;  i.  =Tritello,  pol- 
lard, a  coarse  kind  of  bran.  2.  =  -a 
(the  game). 

•  Cruschesco ;  adj.  scherz.  of  Crusca  (5). 
Crusche'vol-e;  l.q.  Cruscante.    Ajf.  -mente. 
Cruschino  m. ;   workman  who  sifts  flour  from 

bran. 

•Cruscolo;  healthy,  lively. 

Cruscone  m.\  i.  coarse  bran. 
2.  scherz.  spreg.  member  of  the  Crusca. 
•stupid  person. 

Crusc6so;  i.  full  of  bran.   2.  freckled. 

Cruscbtto  m. ;  apron  fastened  to  a 
splash-board. 

•Crusero  or  Cruzero  »n.;  =  Crocera,  Southern 
Cross. 

•Crusta  or  Crustola  /.;  i.  =  Focaccia,  bun. 
ii.  figure  worked  in  low  relief  on  a  pot. 


*  C r ustario  m. ;  maker  of  figures,  v.  Crusta  (ii). 

*  Cruzero;  v.  Crusero. 
•Cuarnale;  v.  Quarnale. 
*Cubay^;  =  Cupola,  dome. 

Cub-are ;  i.  to  measure  the  volume  of  a  solid. 
2,  to  find  the  cube  of  a  number.     *  -arsi,  to  lie  down. 
Esser  mal  -ato,  to  be  at  the  point  of  death. 
•Cubata/:;  a  kind  of  sweetmeat. 
•Cub-atto,  -attolo  m.,  or  -attola/;  basket 
trap  for  taking  birds  in  snow  time. 

Cubatura/?;  taking  the  cube  of  a  number. 
Cubebe  m.  (Arabic  word);  (pkarm.  and  f>at.) 
cubebs,  Piper  cubeba. 

•Cubetta/.;  dim.  Cuba. 
Cubett-mo  or  -o  m. ;  dim.  Cubo. 
Cubiay!;  (war.)  hawse-hole. 
Cubicamente  ;  Moltiplicare  — ,  =  Cubare(2). 
Cubic -o:  i.  cubical.     2.  Potenza  -a,  cube  of  a 
number ;  Radice  -a  or  cuba,  cube-root. 

•Cubi-colario,  -cularip  or  Cobicolario  >«.; 
bed-chamber  servant  of  a  king. 

•Cubile   m. ;   i.  =  Covile,  den.     ii.  =  Alveare. 
iii.  bed. 

Cubilbsa/!;  the  nutritive  matter  of  the  edible 
bird's  nest,  v.  Salangana. 

Cubital-e;  Lettere  -i,  a  foot  and  a  half  long. 
•Cubitare  (for  **Cupitare,  freq.  of  L.  cupio); 
to  wish. 

Cubito  m.  (L.,<Gr.  KV&ITOV,  elbow, 
root  fcup,  to  bend);  i.  elbow.  2.  (anat.) 
the  ulna.  3.  cubit,  a  measure  varying 
according  to  locality. 

*Cubitoso;  desirous,  v.  Cubitare. 

Cubo  m.  (L.,<Gr.  mi/Bos);  cube. 
•Cubocub-o;  Radice  -a,  fifth  root. 

Cub6ide  ;  cuboid  (bone),  also  termed  Cubiforme. 
tCucca/:;=Sito,  stench. 

Cuccagna  / ;  i.  Paese  della  — , 
land  of  Cockaigne,  land  of  plenty,  where 
everything  is  to  be  had  without  the 
trouble  of  working  for  it.  2.  Giuoco 
della  — ,  climbing  a  greasy  pole  for  a 
prize  fastened  at  the  top  of  it. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  cucafla,  Fr.  cocagiu,  old 
Fr.  coquaigiie,  E.  Cockaigne,  <  some  derivative  of 
L.  coquere,  to  cook,  or  of  coq-uinti  =  bit.  cocina, 
kitchen,  cp.  L.  cocinatorivs.  This  derivative  may 
very  well  have  been  the  O.H.G.  cAuAAina,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Kitchen,  Cook.  On  the  other  hand  the  word 
may  be  Germanic  altogether,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Cake  ; 
in  either  case,  its  connections  are  those  of  the  kitchen. 

*  Cuccaia  f.\  owl's  or  cuckoo's  nest. 
tCuccamo  m.;  =  Cuccuma,  coffee-pot. 

Cucc-are  (bit.  cucus,  cuckoo);  i.  to 
take  in,  to  humbug.  2.  to  entertain,  to 
welcome,  as  the  hedge-sparrow  receives 
the  cuckoo's  egg.  3.  -arsi,  to  put  up 
with  something,  or  somebody,  that 
cannot  be  got  rid  of. 

\intr.  i.  to  stink,     ii.  to  play  the*py. 

Cucc6tta  or  Cocce"tta  (Cuccietta)/ 
(dim.  of  It.  cuccia) ;  (mar.)  sleeping 
berth. 

Cuccbiaia  f.  (variant  of  Cucchiaio) ; 
i.  ladle.  2.  scoop  of  a  dredger. 

Cuccbiai-accio   m. ;   pegg.   of    -o. 
-ata  f. ;   spoonful,    -atfna  /. ;  dim.  of 
-ata.     -£tto  or  -no  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 
•Cucchiaiera/:;  case  containing  spoons. 

Cucchiaio  m.  (L.  coMearium,  <  Gr. 
Kox\iapwv,  a  spoon,  <  ico^Xor,  a  species 
of  whelk;  one  end  of  the  spoon  was 
pointed,  for  getting  out  the  whelk  from 
its  shell) ;  spoon.  Da  raccattarsi  or  Da 
pigliarsi  col  — ,  exhausted  with  fatigue 
or  hardships.  Imboccare  col  —  voto, 
i.e.  to  be  a  bad  teacher. 

*  slang  term  for  the  anus.     Aver  la  sentenza  nel 
— ,  to  have  judgment  pronounced  against  one. 

Ajf.  Cucchiai-one  augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 
•Cucchialc  M.;  — Cucchiaio,  spoon. 
•Cucchiara/7;  i.  bricklayer's  trowel,     ii.  large 
spoon,     iii.  (mil.  hist.)  a  sort  of  spoon  for  loading  a 
gun. 

tCucchiaro  /«.;  =  Cucchiaio,  spoon. 

Cucchiar6ne  m. ;  i.  =  Mestolone,  shoveller 
duck.  2.  =  Spatola,  spoonbill. 


Cucchieri  m. ;  pop.  for  Cocchiere,  coachman. 
*Cucchio  m. ;  some  small  coin. 
*Cucchione  «.;  =  Cocchiume,  bung. 

Cuccia/  (A)  (Fr.  couche,<coucher, 
<  L.  collocare) ;  i.  dog's  bed.  2.  scherz. 
of  a  person ;  Andare  a  — ,  to  go  to  bed. 
*bed  with  a  canopy. 

*(B)(w.  Cuccio);  i.  bitch  puppy,    ii.  stoat. 

Cucciare;  of  a  dog,  to  curl  itself 
round  and  lie  down. 

*i.  =  Distendere.     ii.  intr.  =  Ingollare. 
•Cucciarella/;;  dim.  Cuccia  (B,  i). 
tCucciatay!;  a  good  long  sleep. 
•Cuccietta  /;  ».  Cuccetta. 

Cuccina  / ;  i.q.  Cuccetta,  sleeping 
berth. 

•CuccinigliayC^Cocciniglia. 

•Cuccino  m. ;  =  Tombolo,  pillow  for  working 
upon. 

*  Cuccio  tn. ;  puppy  dog. 

Etym.      Cogn.    Sicilian    guzzu,    Provenc..   gozt 
Catalan  gos,  Span,  gotque,  Portug.  gozo,  old  Fr.  govs, 
borrowed  words  from  a  Slavonic  source,  cp.  Illyrian 
Slav,  kutze,  Magyar  kutya,  which  mean  '  dog. ' 
'Cucciolellayi;  young  bitch. 

Cucciolino:  dint.  Cucciolo. 

Cucciolo  adj.  or  sb.  (It.  cuccio); 
i.  puppy.  2.  Jig.  inexperienced. 

Cuccioldtto  (It.  cucciolo);  i.  half- 
grown  dog  or  youth.  2.  greenhorn. 

*Cucciorellayl;=Cucciolina,  bitch  puppy. 
*Cucciuolo  tn. ;  cub. 

Cucco  m.  (A)  (variant  of  Cocco); 
i.  nursery  term  for  egg.  2.  favourite, 
pet.  3.  -  -  della  veglia,  butt  of  the 
company.  4.  Vecchio  — ,  tedious  old 
fool.  5.  as  adj.,  old. 

*(B);  =  Cuculo,  cuckoo.  Far  —  uno,  to  make  a 
fool  of  him. 

*Cuccobeone  m.  \  dressed-up  bogey. 
*Cuccolino  in. ;  Far  — =  Far  capolino,  to  peep. 
*Cuccov-aia  or  -atayC;  nonsense,  cuckoo-cry. 
Cuccoveggiay7;  =  Cuccumeggia,  owl. 

Cuccu  m.  (imit.Y,  '•  cuckoo;  Far 
— ,  to  play  with  a  child  by  covering 
and  then  uncovering  the  face  with  a 
cry  of  cuckoo  !  2.  as  excl.,fam.  Devil 
a  bit!  not  at  all!  3.  cuckoo-clock. 
\v.  Capone  (5,  d). 

Cuccuino  m. ;  dim.  Cuccu. 

Cuccuma  /.  (L.  cucuma,  kettle,  < 
coquere,  v.  Cocere) ;  coffee-pot.  Aver 
or  Prender  uno  sulla  — ,  to  have  or  take 
a  dislike  for  him.  Aver  la  — ,  to  be  in 
a  rage.  Non  mi  far  girare  la  — ,  do 
not  provoke  me.  Romper  la  —  ad  uno, 
to  bore  him. 

*i.  =  Curcuma,  turmeric  plant,  ii.  mountain-top, 
iii.  Vomitar  la  — ,  to  be  in  a  rage.  tiv.  —  grossa, 
•v.  Callionimo. 

Cuccumeggia/;;  =  Civetta,  owl. 
*Cuccurrire;  to  crow. 
Cuccurucu;  cock-a-doodle-doo. 
Cuccutrettola  /;  =  Cutrettola.  wagtail. 
*Cuccuveggia_/;  =  Civetta,  owl. 

*  Cuccuveggiare ;  =  Coccoveggiare. 
Cucicchiare;  spreg.  ofCucire,  to  sew  badly. 

*Cuciculo  «/. ;  (&>/.)=  Cuscuta,  dodder. 

Cucifera./;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  palms  including 
the  Dpum  or  Gingerbread  tree  of  Egypt,  Hyphotne 
tkebaica. 

Cucin-a  (Cocina)  /  (bit.  toyuina, 
<  L.  coquere,  to  cook,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Kitchen,  Cook);  i.  kitchen.  2.  style  of 
cooking.  3.  cooking-stove.  4.  — •  eco- 
nomica,  kitchen-range. 

*i.  =  ortaggio,  pot-herbs,  ii.  Dibuona — ,(o)easy 
to  cook,  (b)Jig.  of  obliging  disposition,  iii.  =  Vivanda, 
eatables. 

AJf.  -abile  fit  to  cook,  -are  to  cook,  -irio  adj., 
•atore  scherz.  for  Cuoco,  -atora,  -atura,  -etta  dim. 

*  Cucinetto  m.  \  i.  dim.  Cucina.    ii.  =Cuscinetto, 
cushion. 


192 


CUCINIERA— CUNZIERA 


Cuciniera  f.  ;  female  cook,  v.  Cu- 
ciniere. 

Cuciniere  m.  •  i.  cook.  2.  cookery- 
book.  Cuciniere  is  only  used  of  the 
cook  in  an  institution;  a  man-cook  in 
a  private  house  is  Cuoco,  but  a  woman- 
cook  anywhere  may  be  termed  Cuciniera 
as  well  as  Cuoca. 

Cucin-inay^or  -ino  w.(-ino  being  the  smaller); 
dims,  of  Cucina. 

•Cucino  tft.'t   L  =  Cuscino,  cushion,     ii.  =  *  Cu- 
cina (iii). 

Cucin-6na  f.  or  -6ne  tn.  augm.,  -uccia  f. 
dint.  sprfg.,  of  -a. 

Cucire  (Cuscire)  ind.  cucio  cuci  cuce 
cuciamo  cuctte  cuciono,  subj.  cucia... 
ciiciano  (late  L.  cusire,<i,.  consuere,  in 
which  suere  corresponds  to  a  root  siev, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Sew)  ;  I.  to  sew.  2.  scherz. 
of  scissors  or  a  knife,  to  sew,  i.e.  to  be 
blunt.  3.  —  a  refe  doppio,  with  double 
thread,  i.e.  (a)  to  eat  greedily,  (b)  fig.  to 
deceive  doubly,  play  false  to  both  sides  ; 
similarly  —  a  tre  doppi. 

Cucit-0  m.  ;  i.  sewing,  the  action  or 
the  art.  2.  sewing,  the  material  which 
is  being  sewn.  Aff.  -mo  dim. 

•Cucitoli  m.pl.  ;=Setoline,  (tot.)  horse-tail. 

Cuci-t6re  m.,  -t6ra  or  -trice  /; 
needle-worker. 

Cucituray;  ;  i  .  sewing,  i.q.  Cucito  (  i  ). 
2.  mode  of  sewing  or  stitching. 

Cucolo  w.;  =  Cuculo,  cuckoo. 


Cu  cu;  v.  Cuccu. 
Cucubalo  m.  ; 


Bubbolini,  bladder-cam- 


pion. 


. 
*Cucudrillo  >«.;  =  Coccodrillo,  crocodile. 

Cuculiare  ;  =  Canzonare,  to  laugh  at. 

Cuculio  ;  v.  Cuculo. 

*Cucull-a  /.',  —  Cocolla,  hood.     *-o  m.\   cloak 
with  a  hood. 

Cuculo  m.  (L.);  i.  cuckoo,  Cucnliis 
canorus,  also  termed  Cucco,  Cuccuino, 
Cuculio,  Cuculo  comune.orfrancescano. 
2.  Falco  —  ,  orange-legged  hobby,  v. 
Barletta  (2,  a). 

*i.  =  Sciocco,    fool.      ii.     i.q.    Butrio,    bird-net. 
iii.    some  species  of  fish. 

*Cucumero  w.;=Cocomero,  water-melon. 

Cucurbita/  (L.)  ;  =  Zucca,  gourd. 

Cucurbitino  m.\  one  of  the  joints  of  a  tape- 
worm. As  tufj.,  gourd-shaped. 

Cucuzza_/I;=Cocuzza. 

*Cucuzzo   m.\    i.=Capo,   head.     ii.  _fif.=  Cer- 
vello,  brain,     t  =  Cucuzzolo. 

Cucuzzolo  tn.  ;  =  Cocuzzolo. 
*Cud-a_/l,  -o  m.;  idea,  thought. 
*Cudizioso;=Avido,  greedy. 

Ciiffi-a/  (bit.  cofea,  cophea,  <  O.H.G. 
kuppa,  kuppfa,  which  is  L.  cuppa  Ger- 
manised, v.  Skeat,  sub  Coif);  i.  lady's 
veil,  resu.  Veletta.  2.  coif,  woman's  cap  ; 
hence,  scherz.,  a  woman.  3.  Far  —  ,  of 
a  boat  or  carriage,  to  upset.  4.  Uscirne 
per  il  rotto  della  —  ,  i.e.  to  get  out  of  a 
tight  place  with  no  great  damage. 
5.  :  —  del  silenzio,  gag,  6.  prov.  scherz. 
Vediamo  come  sta  la  —  a  Crezia,  i.e. 
let  us  see  how  matters  stand.  7.  *•• 
d'  acciaio,  the  inside  part  of  a  helmet. 
$.  the  villous  part  of  tripe.  •  Q.  caul 
over  the  face  of  a  new-born  baby; 
Nascere  con  la  —  ,  to  be  born  with  a 
caul,  a  supposed  sign  of  luck.  10.  (surg.) 
—  d'  Ippocrate,  a  form  of  head  bandage. 
n.  (anat.)  (a)  --  aponeurotica,  the 
fascia  of  the  occipito-frontalis  muscle; 


(b)  —  del  cranio,  the  top  part  of  the 
skull.     12.  (<W.)  =  Calittra.     13.  (mar.} 
—  della  bussola,  compass-bowl ;  di  - 
ventilatore,  cowl  of  a  ventilator. 

*  i.  a  man's  cap.     ii.  wig. 

Ajf.  -accia  pegg.,  *-are  =  Scuffiare,  -etta  -ettfna 
-na  dims.,  -one  augin.,  *-otto  =  Scuffiotto. 

Cufico  (from  the  city  of  Kufa.  the  seat  of  the 
caliphate  before  its  removal  to  Bagdad) ;  Kufic 
(characters),  those  of  ancient  Arabic. 

*  Cuginatico  ;//.;  cousinship. 

Cugfn-0  >«.,  -a  /  (A)  (cogn.  Nea- 
politan cussuprino,  Span,  sobrino,  <  L. 
consobrinus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cousin); 
cousin. 

*(B)  (L.  culeXi>dim,  **culicinus,  **cul'  cinus, 
cugino)  gnat;  cp.  Fr.  cousin,  which  like  the  Ital. 
.word  has  the  two  meanings  of  cousin  and  gnat. 

*  Cuginomo ;  for  Cugino  mio. 

Cui  (L.);  i.  as  accusative,  whom  or  which. 
2.  as  genitive,  whose  or  of  which.  3.  it  is  also 
sometimes  dative.  Cui  volete  bene  dimostrateglielo, 
if  you  are  fond  of  her,  show  it. 

Cuincuina /.;  variant  of  Chinachina,  quinine. 

Cuio;    in  the  prov.   La  illuminazione  di  prete 
Cuio,  Che  con  di  molti  lumr  facea  buio,  said  of  one 
who  explains   something   with   great   emphasis  but 
leaves  it  more  obscure  than  ever.     *  =Cuius. 
•Cuitare/  (L.  cagitare);  to  think. 

Cuius;  L.  word,  used  as  sb.  for  blockhead. 
*Cuiuss-o  or  Cuiusse  m.\  i.  affected  scholar- 
ship, inappropriate  Latin   quotation ;    Sputar   -i,  to 
pretend  to  be  a  scholar,    a.    term  to  indicate  any 
Latin  word. 

Culaccinato ;  (grain)  poor  in  quality  or  weight. 

Culaccino  m. ;  \.  the  end  of  a 
Bologna  sausage  after  it  has  all  been 
sliced  up.  2.  remains  of  liquor  at  the 
bottom  of  a  glass.  3.  mark  on  the 
table-cloth  from  a  wet  and  dirty  glass. 
4.  the  base  of  a  chestnut,  where  it  is 
attached  to  the  husk. 

Culaccio  in. ;  hind-quarters  of  an 
ox.  Un  pezzo  di  manzo  nel  — ,  a  piece 
of  rump  steak. 

Culaia_/  ;  i.  Mosca  — ,  a  species  of 
horse-fly.  2.  tiresome,  pestering.  As 
sb. :  3.  (dead)  fowl's  paunch,  swollen  by 
the  dropping  of  the  intestines,  after  it 
has  been  hanging  some  time.  4.  Far — , 
of  large,  loose  breeches,  to  bag  out 
behind.  5.  II  tempo  fa  — ,  the  clouds 
are  gathering;  this  expression  is  also 
used  scherz.  on  seeing  a  man  with 
breeches  bagging  out  behind.  6.  the 
upper  part  of  a  net  for  the  hair. 

*Culaio  adj. ;  v.  Cuio.     As  s£.,  — Pederasta. 
•Culare  aiij. ;  v.  Cuio. 

Culata/  ;  i.  a  shove  with,  or  2.  fall 
upon  the  rump. 

Culatta/.  (It.  culo) ;  hinder  part  or 
bottom  part  of  anything,  e.g.  breech  of 
a  gun,  seat  of  a  pair  of  trousers,  back 
of  a  book.  —  de'  ceri,  wrapper  round 
the  bottom  of  a  candle  to  prevent  its 
splitting  when  spiked  on  the  point  of 
a  candlestick. 

*  Culatta  re  ;   i.  =  Acculattare.     ii.    —  le  panche, 
(a)  to  sit  doing  nothing,  (b)Jig.  =  Tirar  agli  uccelli. 

*Culatt-ario,  -aro  m.\  i.  -  Raccolt;i.  ii.  sckerz. 
=  Culo. 

*  Culattata  /;  =  Culata. 

Culbianco  M.;  i.  wheatear,  Saxicoln ofnitntht, 
also  termed  Massaipla,  Petragnola,  Petraiola.  2.  — 
d'  acqua  or  Piropiro  culbianco,  green  sandpiper, 
Tetanus  ochropus. 

*Culeggiare;  =  Sculettare,  to  waddle  in  walking. 
•Culeo;  K.  Culleo. 
*Culice  m.  (L.)  ;  gnat. 

Culilavan    ///. ;   (l>ot.)  clove-bark  tree,  Cinna- 
inomitm  Culila-wan. 
Culinario ;  as  E. 

Cull  no  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Culo,  referring  to  a  baby. 
Culis^ow. ;  ^.pop.  for  Colosseo.  2.  scherz.  rump. 
Culizidne./;  pop.  for  Colazione* 


Cull-a  f.  (bit.  cunula,  dim.  of  L. 
cunae,  root  kei,  to  lie,  cp.  Gr.  <e«pu) ; 
cradle.  Aff.  -are  to  rock,  -ata  rocking, 
-atina  dim.  vezz. 

*  Culleo  m. ;  large  wine-skin. 
Culmifero;  (bot.)  with  a  definite  stalk. 

Culmine  m.  (L.) ;  top. 

Culmo  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Haulm) ; 
stalk. 

Cul-0  m.  (L.  culus,  opening  of  the 
bowel);  i.  rump.  2.  bottom  part  of  a 
vase.  3.  -i  di  bicchieri,  scherz.  false 
diamonds.  4.  bottom  part  of  a  candle 
or  of  an  egg.  5.  Mettere  il  —  in  molle, 
of  the  weather,  to  be  rainy. 

•Culobianco;  v.  Culbianco. 
Culomia  ;  pop.  for  Economia. 
Culordsso  m.;  =  Picchio  maggiore,  great  spotted 
woodpecker. 

*  Culpare  ;  =  Incolpare,  to  inculpate. 
Culrdsso  m.  •  =  Codirosso,  redstart. 
Cultellazidney.;  (math.)  i.    measurement  of 

heights  and  distances.     2.  measurement  of  the  area 
of  sloping  ground  by  projection  on  a  horizontal  plane. 

Cultello;  pap.  for  Coltello,  knife. 
*Cultivare;     i.  =  Cpltivare.      ii.     to    worship, 
iii.   to  celebrate  (a  religious  rite). 

Culto  »i.  (L.) ;  public  worship,  form 
of  religion,  religious  regard.  As  adj., 
cultivated,  well-educated. 

*i.  cultivation,     ii.  As  adj. ,  frequented. 

Cui -tore  m. ,  -trice  j[.\  cultivator  (of  an  art). 
*  i.  inhabitant,  ii.  worshipper. 

Cultrirdstro  m.\  little  egret,  A rdea g arzttta. 

Gultro  m.  (L.  culter);  sacrificial 
knife. 

Cultura  f.\  culture.  *i.  worship,  ii.  tilled 
land.  iii.  v.  Faggia- 

Cumbria/;;  (geogr.)  Cumberland. 
*Cumino;  v.  Comino. 
Cumolo ;  v.  Cumulo. 

Cumul-are  ind.  cumulo ;  to  heap  up. 
Aff.  -atamdnte  or  -ativame'nte,  -ativo, 
-azione. 

Cumulo  or  Cumolo  (L.) ;  heap. 

Cuna/  (L.,  v.  Culla);  (poet.)  cradle. 

Cune-are  ind.  cuneo ;  to  shape  like 
a  wedge,  -ato,  provided  with  wedges. 

Cuneifdnne  ;  i.  wedge-shaped. 
2.  cuneiform  (writing). 

Cunella  or  Cunila/!;  (<W.)  summer  savory, 
Satureia  kortensis,  also  termed  Santoreggia. 

Cuneo  m.  (L.,  root  kwen,  to  be 
pointed,  cp.  Irish  cenn,  Welsh  penn,  a 
point);  i.  wedge.  2.  the  wedge,  a 
mode  of  torture.  3.  wedge-shaped 
block  of  seats  in  an  amphitheatre. 
4.  Come  quella  del  sindaco  di  Cuneo, 
said  of  a  piece  of  stupidity ;  Cuneo  is 
a  town  in  Piedmont,  but  how  its  mayor 
showed  stupidity  is  unknown.  5.  (print.) 
quoin. 

Cun&tta  f. ;  i.  shallow  pond. 
2.  narrow  channel  cut  down  the  middle 
of  a  ditch,  tgutter  along  the  side  of  a 
road. 

Cunlcolow/.  (L.,v.  Coniglio);  i.  sub- 
terranean passage  in  a  fortress.  2.  adit 
in  a  mine. 

*  i.  =  Coniglio,  rabbit,     ii.  burrow. 
Cuniglio  m.  ;  =  Coniglio,  rabbit. 
Cunila ;  v.  Cunella. 

*Cunilagine/;;  =  Cunella,  summer  savory. 

Cunquibus  m.  (L.);  slang  for  money,  the 
wherewithal. 

*Cunt-ayC  (L.   cunctari)',   delay.     *-abundo; 
dawdling. 

Cunziay!  (Span./«M<:M) ;  (A0&)sweec  galingale, 
Cyperus  longus,  also  termed  Quadrello. 
CunzitraJ/I;  jar  to  hold  galingale. 


CUOCA— CUSARE 


Cubca,/. ;  female  cook. 
Cubcere  (Quocere) ;  v.  Cocere. 
Cuocidre  m. ;  Cociore,  smarting. 
Cu6co  m. ;  cook,  v.  Coco. 

*Cuogolo  or  Cuocolo  ;«. ;  i.  a  hard,  white 
pebble,  ii.  brilliant,  of  the  first  quality. 

Cllbi-0  or  Cbi-O  m.  (L.  corium); 
i.  leather.  2.  in  pi.,  and  as  f.  Cuoia, 
limbs  of  a  person  ;  Non  poter  le  -a,  to 
be  tired  out ;  Distendere  le  -a,  to  stretch 
out  one's  legs;  Ripiegar  or  Tirar  le  -a, 
to  draw  up  one's  legs,  i.e.  to  die  ; 
Lasciar  le  -a  in  un  luogo,  to  die  there ; 
Non  potere  star  nelle  -a,  (a)  to  be  de- 
lighted, v.  Capere  (vi),  (b)  to  have  eaten 
too  much.  3.  Pigliar  il  — ,  of  wine,  to 
have  a  smell  like  leather.  4.  Legno  da 
-  palustre,  (bat.)  marsh  leather  wood, 
Dirca  palustris. 

*i.  parchment,  ii.  skin  of  a  snake,  crocodile,  or 
bird.  iii.  husk  of  a  fruit,  iv.  crust  of  the  earth. 
v.  incrustation,  vi.  —  cotto,  leather  hardened  at 
the  fire. 

*Cuor  m.  ;  =  Cuoio,  leather. 

*Cuora  or  Quoray^;  =  Aggallato,  swamp. 

Cubre  or  Cbre  (Quore)  m.  (L.  cor, 
root  skard,  to  vibrate,  cp.  Gr.  ic/juSr/,  the 
quivering  twig  at  the  end  of  a  branch, 
KpaSaw,  to  brandish;  for  cogn.  forms, 
•v.  Skeat,  sub  Heart,  the  Lith.  szirdis, 
and  Russian  serdtse,  showing  the  initial 
j);  i.  heart;  Far  tanto  di  — ,  to  show 
oneself  very  pleased ;  Vi  parlo  col  —  in 
mano,  I  tell  you  plainly.  2.  Susine 
del  — ,  heart-shaped  plums ;  Belle  del 
cuore,  fine  plums.  3.  Cuor  contento, 
•v.  Contento.  4.  cockle  (shell-fish), 
Cardium  edule,  so  termed  from  its 
shape.  5.  (herald.)  In  — ,  at  the  centre 
of  the  shield,  also  termed  In  abisso. 
6.  Fare  il  — -,  =  Provocare  gran  dissen- 
teria. 

•Cuoretto  m.;  a  piece  of  iron  borne  upon  the 
chest  by  way  of  penance. 

Cubriy^ ;  i.q.  Cori,  heart,  at  cards. 

Cuoriclno  m. ;  dim.  -vezz.  Cuore, 
darling. 

*  Cuoroso ;    covered    with    floating    islands,    v. 
Cuora. 

Cupamente  adv.;  v.  Cupo. 
tCuparella/;  =  Scodella,  bowl. 
tCupatayC;  Siennese  almond-cake. 

Cupe  m.  (Fr.);  coupe,  brougham. 
*Cupello  m.  ;=Bugno,  beehive. 
*Cupere(L.);  to  desire. 

*  Cuperosa ;  v.  Copparosa. 
Cup£zza/;  v.  Cupo  (i).  •• 
Cupid-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat, sub  Cupidity);  desirous. 

Atf.  -am£nte,  -igia,  -ita. 
*Cupile  >«.;=  Alveare. 

*  Cupitizia  f.  ;=Cupidigia. 

Cup-0  (mlt.  cupus,  hollow  vessel,  < 
L.  cupa,  tub,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is 
"deeply  hollowed  out");  i.  gloomy,  but 
with  an  idea  of  depth ;  -e  valli,  gloomy 
valleys;  II  --  abisso  del  mare,  the 
gloomy  depth  of  the  sea.  2.  deep  (voice). 

3.  of  colours,  dark ;  Oro  — ,  a  certain 
kind   of  yellow.     *deep.     Vaso  — ,   a 
deep    vase.     Fame   senza   fine   -a,   in- 
satiable hunger,  D.  Purg.  20.   12. 

Clipola  /  (mlt.  cupula,  dim.  of  L. 
cupa,  tub);  i.  dome.  2.  =  Cupolino, 
summer-house.  3.  suckerof  an  octopus. 

4.  husk  of  a  nut. 

*  i.  sckerz.  =  Sedere,  rump.     ii.  forehead. 

H. 


Cupol^tta/  ;  dim.  Cupola. 

Cupolfna/;  any  small  object  with 
a  dome-shaped  top,  such  as  a  pocket- 
lantern. 

Cupolino  m.  ;  i.  summer-house. 
2.  as  adj.,  home-staying  Florentine, 
who  will  not  go  out  of  sight  of  the 
cathedral  dome. 

Cupolo ;  heaped  up,  very  full  (plate, 
or  dish).  *As  sb.,  beehive. 

Cupol6ne  m. ;  augm.  Cupola  ( i ). 
Non  lascia  il  — ,  of  one  who  will  not 
quit  Florence,  v.  Cupolino  (2). 

Cupolotto  m. ;  branches  trained  to 
form  a  dome. 

Cupone  m.  (Fr.) ;  coupon.  *augm. 
of  Cupo. 

Ciipreo ;  copper-coloured. 

Cuprico;  i.  (cketn.)  cupric.  2.  con- 
taining copper. 

*Cuprime  tn. ;  (arck.)  roofing  materials. 

Cuprismo  m.',  copper  poisoning. 
*Cupro  HI.  (L.,  from  the  island  of  Cyprus,  where 
the  Romans  got  copper) ;  copper. 

Cura  /  (L.,  root  skau,  to  watch ; 
cp.  L.  ca-vere,  to  be  watchful,  Lith. 
ca-voti,  to  look,  Russian  cu-jati,  to 
listen,  O. H.G. scaiv-on,  > Germ,  schauen, 
to  look,  E.  show,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Show) ; 

1.  anxiety,    care.      2.    cure,    medical 
treatment.    3.  A  —  di,  edited  by,  looked 
after    by.     4.    cure,    spiritual    charge. 
5.  =  Canonica,    parsonage.      6.    (leg.) 
guardianship.     7.  —  dei  panni  lini,  the 
bleaching  of  linen.     8.  in  pi.,  bleaching 
establishment. 

*  i.  public  office,     ii.  post-office, 
Cur-abile,  -abilita;  as  E. 

Curadenti  m.  indecl. ;  toothpick. 
Curadestri  m.  indecl.  ;  =  Votacessi. 
Curaiblo  m. ;  administrator  of  a  re- 
ligious community. 

Curandai-o  ;«.,  -a  / ;  bleacher,  v. 
Cura  (7). 

Curaorecchi  tn.  indecl.;  ear-prick. 
Curapdrti  m.  indecl.;  dredging  barge. 

Cur-are  (A);    i.   to  take  care  of. 

2.  to  care  for,  pay  regard  to.     3.  —  i 
capelli,  la  barba,  to  be  very  sensitive  of 
having  one's   hair  or  beard  touched ; 
—  il  solletico,  to  be  ticklish.     4.  to  cure. 
5.  to  bleach.    6.  Benefizio  -ato,  benefice 
to  which  a  cure  of  souls  is  attached. 
7.  Medico  -ante,  doctor  in  charge. 

(B)  as  sb.,  curari  (the  native  name),  a  poison 
used  by  South  American  Indians  for  their  arrows. 

Curarina  /;;  the  alkaloid  of  curari. 

Curasnettay^;  (blacksm)  hoof-rasp. 

Curassd  tn.  (from  the  name  of  the  West  Indian 
island  where  it  was  first  made) ;  cura9oa. 
*Curata;  v.  Corata. 

Curat^la/i;  curatorship,  guardian- 
ship. 

Curatella  /;  pop.  for  Coratella. 

Curatello  m. ;  fine  bleached  linen. 

Curative;  as  E. 

Curat-o  m.;  curate.     Aff.  -fno  dim.  vezz. 

Curat6re  m. ;  guardian,  curator, 
trustee.  *  =  Fattore,  farm  bailiff. 

•Curattiere  m. ;  =  Rivenditore. 
Curatuccio  m.;  dim.  ifrrg.  Curato. 


Curatura/;  bleaching. 

Curba  f.;  (t*f.)=Curva,  curb. 

Curculi6ne  w. ;  weevil,  Curculio. 

Curcuma  f.  (Arabic,  but  of  Indian  origin, 
Sanijkr.  knnkttma,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Turmeric);  (bot.) 
—  oT  Levante,  long-rooted  turmeric,  Curcuma 
longa,  also  termed  Terra  merita,  Zafferano  delle 
Indie,  Croco  delle  Indie. 

Curcumina  f.;  the  colouring  matter  of  tur- 
meric. 

Curcussu  m.  \  a  coarse  kind  of  semolina. 
*Cureria/~. ;  for  Procureria,  trusteeship. 

Cureti  /«.//.;  =  Coribanti. 

Curia  /  ;  i.  one  of  the  thirty 
divisions  of  ancient  Rome.  2.  the 
ancient  Roman  Senate-house  or  Senate. 

3.  episcopal    chancellery    or    court   of 
ecclesiastical  business.    4.  tribunal,  law- 
court.     5.    lawyers  as  a  class ;    La  — 
Toscana,  the  Tuscan  bar.   6.  —  romana, 
the  Papal  Curia,  the  Pope  and  his  ad- 
visers as  rulers  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
church. 

Etytn.  L.,  a  contraction  of  **co-viria,  the 
meeting-place  for  men ;  this  was  taken  as  the  name 
for  the  divisions  into  which,  according  to  tradition, 
Romulus  divided  his  people,  and  for  that  of  their 
meeting-place,  and  later  for  that  of  the  Senate-house, 
and  so  of  the  Senate  itself,  from  which  the  modern 
uses  of  the  word  were  developed. 

Curiale;  i.  belonging  to  the  Curia. 
2.  Sentenza  — ,  legal  opinion;  Lin- 
guaggio  — ,  (a)  legal  phraseology, 
(b)  clumsy  language,  similar  to  that  of 
legal  documents.  3.  as  sb.,  lawyer. 

*i.  Lingua  — ,  =  Lingua  cortigiana,  polished 
language,  ii.  as  sb.,  men  of  the  ancient  Curia. 
iii.  ministers  of  a  ruling  prince. 

Curiale'sco;  i.  clumsy  (language). 
2.  pettifogging  (argument). 

*Curialita  /.;  i.  v.  Curiale.  ii.  politeness, 
polish,  v,  *  Curiale  (i), 

CurialmeJite ;  Risolvere  •  •  una 
questione,  to  settle  a  question  by  means 
of  the  Curia. 

Curiandolo ;  -'.  Coriandolo. 

Curiat-o;  Comizi  -i,  proceedings  at  meetings 
of  the  curitie. 

*Curicciare;  =  Corrucciare,  to  enrage. 
•Curiciattola  /;  dim.  spreg.  Cura. 
*Curigliana  f.\  bare,  open  plain. 
tCurinedda^;  thorny  loach,  v,  Cobio. 
*Curino  m. ;  =  Corina,  north-west  wind. 

*  Curione  m. ;  i.  priest  of  the  Curia,    ii.  =  Bandi- 
tore,  crier. 

Curios-accio /<£•£•.,  -amente  adv. ;  v.  -o. 

Curiosare  ;  to  come  prying. 

Curios-etto  dim.,  -ita  sb.;  v.  -o, 

Curi6so(L.);  curious.  *i.  diligent,  ii.  sump- 
tuous, tiii.  ill. 

Curiosuccio;  dim.  Curioso. 
•Curio;  v.  Curro. 
*Curoccioso  ;  =  Cruccioso,  angry. 

*  Curra  curra  or  Curre  curre ;  a  call  to  fowls. 

*  Currare  ;  to  move  upon  rollers. 

Curro  (Curio)  m.  (L.);  i.  =Rullo,  roller.  2.  in 
//.,  launching  ways.  *i.  car.  ii.  Esser  sul  —  di 
far  una  cosa,  to  be  on  the  point  of  doing  it.  iii.  Met- 
ter  sul  — ,  to  put  at  risk. 

*Curruca,  Curuca/".;  hedge-sparrow. 

*Currucciato;  =  Scorrucciato,  angry. 

*Currulo  m.  ;  =  Curro. 

*  Cursoncello  ?«.;  (&>/.)shoot. 
Curs6re  m.  (L.);  runner  of  a  police-court. 

*  i.  runner,     ii.  slider  of  a  pair  of  compasses. 

*  Curuca  y^;=sCurruca,  hedge-sparrow. 

Curiile  (L.);  i.  belonging  to  the 
higher  magistracy.  As  sb. :  2.  episcopal 
throne.  3.  scherz.  comfortable  seat. 

4.  in  pi.,  magistrates. 

Curvayl;  i.  curve.  2.  (vtt.)  curb,  swelling  on 
the  hind  leg. 

Curv-are,  -atura,  -etto  dim.,  -ilineo;  as  £., 
v.  -o. 

Curvo  (L.,  root  sqere,  to  twist,  cp.  Gr.  jcvpro?, 
rounded,  L.  scrinium,  round  paper-case,  Lith. 
skrcju,  to  move  in  a  circle);  curved,  bent. 

*  Cusare ;  =  Accusare. 

Z5 


i94 


CUSCINETTO— DAINO 


Cuscin&tt-O  m. ;  i.  dim.  Cuscino. 
2.  (mech.)  (a)  bearing;  —  reggispinta, 
thrust-block;  (b) plumber-block.  3. (mar.} 
-i  d'  incappellaggio,  masthead  bolters. 
4.  (vet.)  horny  pad  of  a  horse's  hoof. 

Cuscino  (Coscino)  m. ;  I.  cushion. 
2.  buffer.  3.  (mar.)  saddle,  v.  Tacchetto. 
*  pillow. 

Etym.     Cogn.  Span,  coxin,  Portug.  coxim,  old 
Fr.  coissin,  mlt.  c0ssinits,<b\t.  **coxinnm,  support 
for  the  hip,<L.  coxa,  hip,  v,  Skeat,  sub  Cushion. 
*Cuscire;  =  Cucire,  to  sew. 
tCuscugliarsi ;-  Bracare,  to  spy  about. 

Cuscuta,  Cuscute  (Cassuta) ./ ;  (fo/.)  dodder, 
v.  Carpaterra. 

•Cusliere;  v.  Cusoliere. 

*  Cusoffiola  f. ;  =  Hattisofnola,  momentary  fright. 

*  Cusoliere  or  Cusliere  m.  (cp.  Venetian  Sculier, 
Fr.  cui!lcr,<'L.  cochleare,  v.  Cucchiaio);  spoon. 


CusparinaTT;  an  alkaloid  of  Angostura. 
Cuspid-eyf  (L.);  cusp.     Aff.  -ale. 
Cusso  m. ',  (cot.)  the  Abyssinian  Brayera  an- 
tkclmintica. 

Cust6d-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cus- 
tody); guardian.  Aff.  -ia,  -ie'tta  dim., 
-imdnto,  -ire  to  take  care  of. 

Cutanco;  as  E. 

Cute/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hide);  skin. 

tCutera/T;=Scuterzola,  ant. 

Cuticagna  /  (apparently  formed 
from  It.  cotica,  skin,  like  cutaneo  from 
cute);  nape  of  the  neck  and  hair 
growing  there. 

•Cuticugno  m.\  loose  jacket. 


*Cutidiano;  =  Cotidiano,  daily. 
*Cutigno;  of  the  skin. 
*  Cutignolo  ;  a  variety  of  fig. 
Cutretta  f.  ;  =  Cutrettola. 

Cutrettola,  Cutretta,  or  pop.  Cuccutrettola 
f.  (L.  coda,  trepida,  cp.  ratto<rapido);  wagtail. 

Species:  i.  — ,  the  grey  wagtail,  Motactlla 
citterea,  also  termed  Cutrettola  capo  nero,  Cutti 
capo  nero,  Codinzinzola,  Boarina,  Ballerina  gialla. 
2.  —  gialla,  grey-headed  wagtail,  v.  Cutti  (i).  3  — 
piombina,  white  wagtail,  v.  Ballerina  (2,  a).  4.  — 
del  Ray,  yellow  wagtail,  v.  Cutti  (3). 

Cutti    tn.;    J.    grey-headed    wagtail,    i.e.    the 
yellow  wagtail  with  grey  head,  Motacilla  ntglectti, 
also    termed    Pappamosca,    Strisciaiola,    Cutrettola 
capo  cenerino,  Cutrettola  di  primavera,  Cutrettola 
gialla,  Codinzinzola,  Batticoda  gialla,  Cuzzi.     2.   — 
capo   nero,  grey   wagtail,  v.  Cutrettola  (i).     3.    - 
testa   gialla,   yellow,   or   Ray's    wagtail,    Motacilla 
flava,  also  termed  Cutrettola  del  Ray. 
*Cuvidoso;  — Cupido,  desirous. 
•Cuzzay:  (rar.  of  Cuccia,  Ii)  ;  bitch. 
Cuzzi  w.;  =  Cutti,  wagtail. 


D 


D.,  pronounced  Di,  m.  formerly  / 
Abbreviations :  D.O.M.,  Dio  ottimo 
massimo.  D.D.D.,  Da  Dona  Dedica. 
N.D.,  Nostra  Donna.  D.C.D.G.,  Delia 
compagnia  di  Gesu.  D  at  the  end  of 
an  inscription,  Dedica;  in  an  address, 
Dottore  or  Don. 

As  a_Roman  number  D  is  500,  or  with  a  bar 
over  it,  D,  5000. 

*  Old  abbreviations,  D :  di  del  mese ;  Domemca ; 
in  the  old  ritual,  Mercoledi :  Danari.  G.D.,  Gran 
Duca  or  Gian  Domenico.  D.,  Domenico,  Decuria, 
Decurione,  Decreto ;  in  Roman  law,  Digesto ;  in  old 
chemistry  D  =  sulphate  of  iron. 

Da  prep.  (L.  dc,  a);  from,  by,  as, 
at,  etc. ;  with  an  infinitive,  suitable  for. 

Illustrative  sentences:  i.  L'  hosapu- 
to  —  lui,  I  learnt  it  from  him.  2.  Non 
dipende  —  me,  it  does  not  depend  upon 
me.  3.  II  capitolo  secondo  comincia 
dalla  pagina  6,  the  second  chapter  be- 
gins at  page  6.  4.  Oggi  vengo  —  te, 
I  am  coming  to  see  you  to-day.  5.  — 
lui  non  ci  torno  piii,  I  will  not  go  to  see 
him  any  more.  6.  -  -  codeste  parti 
quando  ci  potro  capitare  ancora,  when 
shall  I  be  able  to  revisit  this  country  of 
yours  ?  7.  Lo  trovai  dalle  parti  d'  Arezzo, 
I  discovered  it  somewhere  near  Arezzo. 

8.  Mi   son  incontrato   con  lui  dal  ta- 
baccaio,  I  met  him  at  the  tobacconist's. 

9.  II  fucile  lo  tengo  dal  contadino,  I 
keep  my  gun  at  the  labourer's  house. 

10.  La  festa  e  finita  —  otto  giorni,  the 
festival  came  to  an  end  a  week  ago. 

11.  —  oggi  a  domani  si  puo  morire,  we 
may  die  between  to-day  and  to-morrow. 

12.  Da  is  used  to  specify  the  birthplace 
of  a  famous  man  of  the  past,  Leonardo 

—  Vinci,    Raffaello    -       Urbino ;    in 
speaking  of  a  modern  person,  the  pre- 
position used  is  Di.    Questo  mio  amico 
e  di  Trapani.     13.  Miserie  —  non  dirsi, 
indescribable  wretchedness.     14.  Com- 
prane    tanta   --   bastare    a   tutti,    buy 
enough  of  it  for  everybody.     15.  Cane 

—  penna,  dog  trained  for  going  after 
birds,  lit.   feathers.     16.    Cambiale  — 
cinquecento,   a  bill    for    five    hundred 
francs.    17.  with  the  adverbs  Piu,  Meno, 
Poco ;  fe  —  piu  di  te,  he  is  a  better  man 
than  you ;  £  —  meno  degli  altri,  he  is 


not  so  good  as  the  others  ;  —  poco,  of 
little  account.  18.  Compralo  —  te,  buy 
it  yourself;  Guadagnati  i  denari  —  te, 
earn  your  own  living.  19.  Se  ne  stanno 
sempre  —  se,  they  always  keep  to  them- 
selves. 20.  Fa  —  lago  nell'  Otello,  he 
is  taking  the  part  of  lago  in  Othello. 

21.  Passare  — ,  to  pass  by;    L'  Arno 
passa  —  Pisa,  the  Arno  runs  past  Pisa. 

22.  about ;  Gli  hanno  rubato  —  cento- 
mila  lire,  they  robbed  him  of  about  a 
hundred  thousand  francs.    23.  —  quello 
in  poi,  or  —  quello  in  fuori,  with  this 
exception ;   Carlino  e  un  po'  caparbio, 
ma  —  quello  in  poi  6  un  buon  figliolo, 
Charlie  is  a  bit  obstinate,  but  he  is  a 
good  fellow  otherwise.     24.   --  poi  in 
qua,   from  that  time   to   this.     25.    - 
banda,  on  one  side.     26.  Ho  —  servirla 
bene,  I  have  what  will  just  suit  you. 

Dabbenaccio  ;;/. ;  augm.,  not  pegg., 
of  Dabbene. 

Dabbenaggine  /  ;  simplicity,  good- 
nature. 

Dabbene;  well-behaved.  Uomodab- 
bene,  courteous  gentleman ;  but  Dabben 
uomo,  good-natured  simpleton,  donkey. 
*As  si.,  goodness. 

*  Dabbenezza  f. •  —  Dabbenaggine. 
•Dabbuda,    Dabbunda    m.    (Arabic    dabdab 
drum);  =  Saltero,  psaltery. 

Daccanto ;  near. 

Daccapo;  i.q.  Da  capo,  again,  from 
the  beginning. 

Dacchfc ;  i.q.  Da  che,  since. 

*Dacchiume  in. :  a  preparation  of  dried  grapes 
for  improving  muscadel  wine. 
Da  ci6,  as  adj.  ;  =  Adatto. 
Dadaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Dado. 
*Dadaiuolo  m. ;  inveterate  dicer. 

Daddolescame'nte ;  in  fun. 

DaddoUno  m. ;  i.  dim.  Daddolo. 
2.  man  fond  of  children.  3.  babyish 
sort  of  boy. 

Daddol-o  m.  (imit.  from  a  child's 
first  attempts  to  speak) ;  face,  grimace 
made  in  playing  with  children.  Dio, 
quanti  -i !  gracious !  what  faces !  an 


expression  used  to  a  child  whimpering 
about  nothing. 

Daddol-6ne  >/;.,  -6na/  ;  one  who  is 
always  making  faces.  -6so ;  inclined  to 
make  faces,  silly. 

*  Daddovero  ;  =  Davvero,  re-ally. 

*  Dadeggiare  ;  to  play  with  dice. 
*Dadicciuolo  in.',  i.  dim.  Dado.     ii.   little  ball. 

Dadin-0  m. ;  dim.  Dado.  Vestito 
a  -i,  check  suit. 

Dad-o  m.  (L.  datum,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Die);  i.  die;  Far  diciotto  con  tre  -i, 
to  have  remarkably  good  luck ;  Scam- 
biare  i  -i,  to  change  the  dice,  i.e.  to 
twist  what  has  been  said  into  something 
else;  II  —  6  tratto,  the  die  is  cast. 
2.  A — ,or  A  -i,  check-pattern.  3.  dado 
of  the  base  of  a  column.  4.  —  per 
calettature,  dowel.  5.  cube  of  any  kind ; 
—  di  casa,  large  square  house.  6.  nut ; 
-  di  prigioniero,  stud-pin  nut ;  —  ad 
alette,  thumb-nut.  7.  —  da  puleggie, 
(mar.)  bouching  of  a  block  sheave,  the 
metal  lining. 

*i.  =  Nulla,  nothing,     ii.    In  men  d1  un  — ,  in  a 
moment,     iii.  an  instrument  of  torture  for  the  ringers 
or  toes.     iv.  =Aliosso,  knuckle-bone. 
Dadolfno  m.;  i.q.  Dadino. 
Dad-one  in.  or    -otto;  aitgms.  of -o. 
*Daere;  =  Dare. 

DafTare  or  Da  fare  in. ;  occupation,  work. 
'  D£filay^;  —  Codona,  pintail  duck. 
DafneyC;  (oat.)  daphne,  Daphne  >tu-zcreu>ii. 

Daga  f.  (origin  unkn.,  probably 
Oriental,  cogn.  mlt.  daga,  dagha,  Fr. 
dague,  Span,  dago,  Portug.  adaja,  which 
Littre"  regards  as  suggesting  an  Arabic 
origin);  dagger. 

Dagherrotipiayl;  daguerreotype,  photograph. 
Dagherrotipo  m. ;  the  photographic  apparatus 
invented  by  Daguerre  in  1839. 

*Daghesciare;  =  Raddoppiare  Una  lettera. 

*  Daghinazzo  in.',  large  dagger. 

Dagli:  i.  contr.  of  Da  gli,  v.  Gli. 
2.  Dagli  contr.  of  Da  gli,  (a)  give  it  to 
him  !  All'  albero  che  casca,  dagli,  dagli, 
i.e.  when  a  man  is  falling  from  power 
everyone  sets  on  him  ;  (b)  stop !  halt ! 

Dai ;  contr.  of  Da  i,  from  the. 

*  Daia  f.;=  Imposta,  dues. 

*  Daiere ;  =  Dare. 

Daino  ;«.  (Proveng.  dain,  <  L. 
duma);  i.  fallow-deer,  Cervus  damn. 
2.  buckskin. 


DAI  RO— DARE 


195 


Dairo  >«.;  title  of  the  Japanese  emperors. 

Dal ;  contr.  for  Da  il.  In  heraldry,  Dall'  uno 
all'  altro,  or  Dell'  uno  all'  altro,  is  an  adjectival 
phrase,  when  a  shield  is  divided  by  a  bend  into  two 
fields  of  different  colours  and  an  animal,  debruised, 
is  figured  upon  the  shield,  that  part  of  the  animal 
which  is  to  the  left  of  the  bend  having  the  same 
colour  as  the  part  of  the  shield  to  the  right  of  the 
bend,  and  vice  versa..  Grifo  dell'  uno  all'  aitro,  a 
griffin  figured  as  above  described. 

*Dalfino /«.;  i.  =Delfino.     ii.  knight,  at  chess. 

Dalia_/;  (bat.)  dahlia,  a  Mexican  plant  intro- 
duced into  Europe  about  1800 ;  named  after  Dahl,  a 
pupil  of  Linnaeus;  it  is  also,  and  in  Italy  more 
usually,  termed  Giorgina. 

'Dallato;  i.  at  (my)  side.     ii.  sideways. 

Dalmitica  (Dalmata)  /  (mlt.  from 
the  robe  worn  by  persons  of  rank  in 
imperial  Roman  times  on  the  pattern 
of  a  Dalmatian  dress)  ;  dalmatic,  a 
loose-fitting  wide-sleeved  vestment  worn 
by  deacons  in  the  Roman  church,  also 
sometimes  by  bishops. 

*  Dalmi ;  =  da  il  me,  gives  it  to  me,  D.  Par. 
24.  134. 

Daltonismo  m.  ;  colour-blindness, 
from  Dalton,  the  chemist  (1766 — 1844), 
who  was  colour-blind. 

D'  altrbnde ;  on  the  other  hand. 

Dama  f.  (Fr.  dame,  <  L.  domino) ; 
i.  great  lady.  2.  pop.  for  Innatnorata, 
mistress,  lover.  3.  Cosce  di — ,  a  variety 
of  plum.  4.  Bocca  di  — ,  a  kind  of 
crisp  sweet  biscuit.  5.  the  game  of 
draughts  ;  Far  — ,  to  get  a  king.  6.  at 
cards,  queen. 

*  i.  =  Padrona,  mistress,    ii.  wife.    iii.  =  Donna,  in 
all  senses,     iv.  =  Daina.yC  of  Daino. 

Damare ;  to  crown,  at  draughts,  or 
to  queen  a  pawn  at  chess. 

Damascato  (Addamascato)  m.  ; 
damask,  flowered  linen.  As  adj.,  flower- 
ed, damasked. 

Damascene ;  of  Damascus. 

Damaschetto  m. ;  cloth  with  flowers 
worked  on  it  in  gold  or  silver,  damassin. 

Damaschlna  f. ;  Damascus  sword. 

Damaschinare  ind.  damaschi'no ;  to 
damaskeen,  to  work  the  gold  and  silver 
lines  into  a  sword-blade. 

Damaschineria  / ;  damaskeening. 

Damaschin-o ;  i .  damaskeened,  v. 
-are.  2.  Rosa  -a,  Damascus  rose. 
3.  scherz.  Mula  -a,  =  spelacchiata,  hair- 
less mule. 

Damasco  or  pop.  Dommasco  m. ; 
damask. 

*  Dameggiare  ;  to  court  the  ladies. 

*  Dameria  /. ;  dignity  of  a  great  lady. 

Damerino  m. ;  fop,  coxcomb. 

Damigella  f.  (bit.  dominicella,  cp. 
Dama);  i.  young  lady.  2.  maid  of 
honour.  3.  demoiselle  crane,  Grus 
•virgo.  4.  (bot.)  (a)  =  Capelvenere, 
maidenhair  fern  ;  (b)  =  Scapigliata,  love- 
in-a-mist. 

*  Damigello  w. ;  i.  young  man.    ii.  =  Figlio,  son. 

Damigiana  /.  (Fr.  dame-jeanue,  v. 
Murray,  Engl.  Diet.,  sub  Demijohn); 
i.  demijohn,  a  large  glass  jar  to  hold 
50  or  60  litres  of  wine ;  —  vestita,  pro- 
tected with  wicker-work.  2.  with  a 
word-play  upon  Gran  fiasco,  utter  failure. 

Daminayl;  dim.  vczz.  Dama. 

*  Dammayl;  =  Daino,  fallow-deer. 


Dammara/;  (from  the  native  Amboyna  name) ; 
an  amber-coloured  resin,  exuded  by  a  conifer  of  the 
same  name,  one  species  of  which  is  the  New  Zealand 
kauri  pine. 

Damo  m.  (Fr.  dame,  <  L.  do  minus) ; 
lover,  "  young  man." 

*  Danaiale  ;  worth  one  Danajo. 
*Danaiesco;  cash  (payment). 

*  Danaio  m.  (variant  of  Denaro) ;    i.  =  Picciolo, 
farthing,     ii.   money,  generally,     iii.   —  di  Dio,  tax 
or  rate  charged  upon  contracts  in  favour  of  charitable 
institutions,     iv.   crust  or  scar,  from  a  burn.     v.   the 
ancient  Roman  denarius. 

*Danaiuolo  in. ;  i.  dim.  Danajo.  ii.  spreg. 
paltry  sum  of  money. 

Danar-o  or  Denar-o  (Dinaro,  Di- 
nario)  m.  (L.  denarius, <.deni,  ten,  i.e. 
ten  asses);  i.  money.  2.  a  small  coin 
varying  in  value  at  different  periods, 
the  last  struck  in  Tuscany  having  been 
the  twelfth  part  of  a  soldo.  3.  twenty- 
fourth  part  of  an  ounce.  4.  name  of 
one  of  the  suits  of  Italian  cards,  v.  Carta. 

5.  —  grosso,  a  small  silver  coin.     Aff. 
-<5so  rich. 

Danda  /  (A)  (akin  to  Fr.  dandinier 
and  It.  dondolare,  cp.  E.  dandle,  O.H.G. 
dantern,  to  rock,  prob.  of  imit.  origin) ; 
in  pi. :  i.  leading-strings.  2.  bands 
hanging  from  the  shoulders  of  a  semi- 
narist down  the  back. 

(B)  (L.) ;  Dividere  a  — ,  to  divide  by 
repeated  subtraction. 

Danes-e ;  i.  Danish.  2.  as  s6,,  pug-dog.  Aff, 
•mo. 

*Daneta/;  =  Tanaceto,  tansy. 

*  Dangiero    m.   {cogn.   old    Fr.    dangitr,  <  bit. 
**domniarium,  power,  sc.  for  harm,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Danger)  ;  =  Danno,  inj  ury. 

*  Danio  «/.:=Daino,  deer. 

*Dannaggio  m.',  i.  =  Danno,  harm.  ii.  Far — , 
to  sin.  iii.  =  Gastigo,  punishment,  iv.  =  Taglia, 
burden,  tax. 

Dann-are  (L.  damnare,  v.  Danno); 
i.  —  1'  anima,  to  incur  the  damnation 
of  one's  soul.  2.  Far  — ,  or  Far  — 
1'  anima,  fig.  to  drive  to  despair,  to  be 
excessively  annoying;  M'  ha  fatto  — 
1'  anima  tutto  il  giorno,  he  has  annoyed 
me  extremely  through  the  whole  day. 
As  refl.  -arsi :  3.  to  lose  salvation. 
4.  fig.  to  exercise  oneself  (over  some 
difficulty).  Part,  -ato :  5.  damned. 

6.  Esser  -ato  per   una   cosa,  to  have 
great  difficulty  over  it.     lo  son  -ato  per 
le   scarpe,    I    have   great    difficulty   in 
getting   shoes  to  suit   me.     7.    Anima 
-ata,  villain.     8.    Vita   -ata,   miserable 
existence. 

*  i.  to  condemn.  •  ii.=Cancellare,  to  cross  out  (an 
entry);  —  a  serpicella,  to  cancel  with  a  wavy  line, 
iii.  =  Danneggiare. 

Dannazione  f.;  i.  damnation.  2.  condemna- 
tion. 

Danneggi-are  ind.  danndggio;  to 
damage.  Ajf,  -atore. 

*Dannio;  i.  injurious,  ii.  frail,  iii.  as  sb.t 
injuring. 

Danno  m.  (L.  damnum,  <  **dapnom, 
cp.  Gr.  8a7rd»7),  expenditure,  L.  daps, 
feast,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is 
"expense");  injury,  loss,  damage. 

Dann6s-o;  injurious.    Aff.  -amente. 

*  Dano  nt. ;  =  Daino,  deer. 
Dante  m. ;  I'elle  di  — ,  buckskin. 

Elym.  Arabic  lamt,  an  African  antelope,  the 
hide  of  which  made  a  good  shield,  whence  Span. 
Ante,  the  /  being  dropped  by  being  mistaken  for 
the  Arabic  article ;  whilst  the  d  was  inserted  in 
Italian  by  confusion  of  d'  ante  (di  ante)  with  the 
name  for  the  material  itself. 


Dant-em.  ;  the  poet;  the  name  is  a  contraction 
of  Durante. 

Aff-  -eggiare  to  imitate  Dante,  -escamente, 
-esco,  -ino  small  edition  of  Dante,  -ista  Dante 
scholar,  -ofilo  lover  of  Dante. 

Danz-a,  -are,  -at6re,  -atrice  :  dance,  etc. 

Etym.     O.H.G.    danson  =  Gothic    thinsan,   to 
stretch,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dance,  so  that  the  orig.  sense 
is  "to  stretch  out  in  a  row,"  cp.  the  relation  of  Germ. 
Reigen,  row  of  dancers,  to  Keihe,  a  row,  line.     The 
root  is  tat  to  stretch,  v.  Tendere. 
*Dape/  (L.);  feast. 
•Dapnaggio  nt.\  —  Danno. 

Dappertutto  ;  everywhere. 

*Dappie;  Farsi  —  ,  =daccapo,  to  be  done  again. 

Dappied-e  or  -i  or  Da  piedi  ;  at  the 
lower  part.  Tagliare  gli  alberi  —  ,  to 
cut  trees  down  to  the  root.  Aver  il 
vestito  sudicio  —  ,  to  have  the  bottom 
of  one's  dress  dirty.  Dormire  —  ,  to 
sleep  at  the  bottom  of  the  bed.  Mangio 
di  magro  e  dormo  —  ,  lit.  1  eat  Lenten 
fare  and  sleep  at  the  foot  of  the  bed, 
a  proverbial  answer  given  to  an  incon- 
venient question.  II  piu  corto  riman  —  , 
said  of  clothes  which  have  been  cut  too 
short,  and  fig.  on  observing  a  spend- 
thrift, meaning,  trouble  will  come  at 
the  end. 

Dapp6c-o  (It.  da,  poco);  adj.  indecl. 
worthless.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine. 

DappM  adv.  ;  =  Dopo. 

Dappoichd  ;  =  Giacche,  Dopo  che, 
since. 

Dappr^sso  ;  =  Da  presso,  near. 

Dapprima  ;  at  first. 

Daptidne  m.  ;  cape  pigeon,  Daption 
capensis. 

Daquilon  ;  v.  Diachilon. 

Dara  ;  v.  Dare  sb.  (2). 

Dardanello  m.  ;  =  Topino,  sand-martin. 

Dardano(Dardo);  =  Grottaione,  bee-eater  (bird). 

Dard-eggiare  ind.  dardeggio;  to 
dart,  -o  m.  ;  dart. 

Etym.  Germanic,  cp.  O.H.G.  tart,  old  Scandi 
navian  darradhr,  A.  S.  daradk,  E.  dart. 


Dare  (L.,  cogn.  Gr.  Si'Sw/u,  Sanskr. 
dadami,  Russian  date,  to  give,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Date);  ind.  do  dai  da  diamo  date 
danno,  imperf.  davo  or  dava  davi  dava 
davamo  davate  ddvano,  perf.  diedi  or 
detti  desti  diede  or  dette  ddmmo  deste 
diedero  or  dettero,  fut,  daro  darai  dark 
dardmo  dare'te  daranno,  subj.  dia  dia 
dia  diamo  didte  dfano  or  di'eno,  imperf. 
subj.  ddssi  ddssi  de'sse  ddssimo  ddste 
de'ssero,0r/0/.dassidassidassedassimo 
daste  dassero,  impenit.  da'  tu  dia  egli 
diamo  noi  didte  voi  di'ano  eglino,  gerund 
dando,  part.  date. 

*  Obsolete  forms  (from  Tommaseo  and  Bellini)  : 

ind.  fires,  ist.  doe,  done.  3rd.  dae,  dane. 
ist,  pi.  damo,  daggiamo.  3rd.  pi,  dajenno,  davono, 
don,  dono,  donno. 

imperf.  ist.  daeva,  dagea,  dagia,  dajeva,  dajea, 
davea,  devo.  and.  devi.  3rd.  //.  daveano. 

perf.  ist.  dai,  dajetti,  dedi,  die',  diede.  3rd.  da- 
geo,  de',  dea,  de(gh)  =  gli  diede,  dede,  deo,  die, 
die(nne)  he  gave  (us),  dio.  ist.  pi.  daemmo,  diem. 
mo.  3rd.  pi.  dedero,  denno,  derno,  dettono,  diedono, 
dicdoro,  dienno,  dier,  dierono,  dierno. 

_/«/.  ist.  daraggio,  derb.  3rd.  dra.  2nd.  //. 
darite,  darito.  3rd.  pi,  dranno. 

cond,  derei,  deresti,  dereste,  etc.,  deria  or  derea, 
etc.,  derieno,  for  Darei,  etc. 

subj.  ist.  daia,  dii.  3rd.  dea,  die(ci)  =  Ci  dia. 
ist.  pi.  daggiamo.  2nd.  pi.  dete:  3rd.  //.  dieno, 
diino. 

imperf.  subj.  ist.  daessi.  3rd.  daesse.  3rd.  pi. 
dessino,  dessoro. 

in/in,  daere;  gerund  daienno,  daiendo;  pres. 
part,  daiente,  daintc. 

2S—2 


DARE— DECANO 


To  give.  Phrases:  I.  to  hit;  Darci, 
to  guess  right ;  E  impossibile ;  non  ci 
dai  neanche  alle  mille,  it  is  impossible; 
you  would  not  hit  upon  it  if  you  made 
a  thousand  guesses.  2.  to  open  upon ; 
Le  finestre  danno  sul  giardino,  the 
windows  look  out  upon  the  garden. 

3.  to  reach ;  Quel  ragazzo  mi  da  alia 
spalla,  that  boy  comes  up  to  my  shoulder. 

4.  Dare  a.\\ega/n6e,  to  have  a  weakening 
effect ;  L'  aqua  da  alle  gambe,  water  is 
a    weakening    drink,   says    the    toper. 

5.  Darla  a  gambe,  to  take  to  one's  heels. 

6.  —  in,  to  incline  towards ;  —  in  giucco, 
to  be  half  silly;  —  nel  genio  di,  to  suit 
the   disposition  of.     7.   Darla  per,  to 
rush  off  into;  Appena  mi  vide,  la  dette 
giu  pei  campi  e  spari  come  un  baleno, 
directly  he  saw  me  he  darted  off  into 
the  fields  and  disappeared  like  a  flash. 
8.  Diamogli  nel  mezzo,  let  us  split  the 
difference.     9.  Dar  nel  naso,  to  excite 
one's  suspicions.     10.   • —  allo  stomaco, 
to  excite  one's  disgust.     1 1.    Se  tanto 
mi  da  tanto,  if  this  is  what  we  see  now 
(what   will   it   be   hereafter?).      12.    — 
alia  testa,  of  wine,  to  get  into  one's  head. 

13.  (mar.)  Dar  dentro,  to  get  in 
(e.g.  the  jib-boom) ;  Dar  fuori,  to  get 
out ;  Dar  volta,  to  make  fast. 

Darsi:  14.  to  happen.  15.  Darsela 
una  cosa  con  un'  altra,  to  be  alike ;  Son 
due  poderi  che  se  la  danno,  the  two 
farms  are  just  alike;  Que'  due  ragazzi 
e'  se  la  danno,  sono  nati  nello  stesso 
mese,  those  two  boys  are  just  of  an  age, 
they  were  born  in  the  same  month. 

•i.  =Dar  retta.  Non  vi  die  nulla,  he  did  not  pay 
the  slightest  attention  to  it.  ii.  =  Insegnare.  iii.  Dare 
in  cenci,  =  Ciurlar  nel  manico,  to  break  one's  engage- 
ment, iv.  Darsi  altrui,  to  be  courteous  to  all. 

Dare  sb. ;  I.  m.  (com.)  liabilities,  also 
termed  Passive.  2.  f.  pi.  (mar.)  spare 
masts  and  yards. 

*  Daremo  (Diremo)  tn.\  i.  a  Saracen  coin.    ii.  in 
Sicily  =  Denari,  the  name  for  one  of  the  suits  of  a 
pack  of  cards. 

*  Darientato ;  silver-plated. 

Darsena/.  (Arabic  ddr^anah,  <  ddr, 
house,  fanaA,  to  make);  i.  wet  dock. 
2.  dockyard. 

Dartro  m.  (Fr.  dartre,  probably  of 
Celtic  origin) ;  eruption  on  the  skin. 

*  Dassai ;  i.  sufficiently,     ii.  much. 

*  Dassezzo ;  at  last,  v.  Sezzo. 

Data/;  i.  date.  2.  Esserd'una — , 
of  two  or  more  things  or  persons,  to  be 
of  the  same  quality.  3.  (eccl.)  patronage. 

4.  at  cards,  (a)  deal,  Cattiva  — ,  misdeal ; 
(b)  trick ;   (c)   Giuoco   di  — ,  game  at 
which   it   is   necessary  to  follow   suit. 

5.  at  a  ball-game,  esp.  Pallone,  service. 

*  i.  -  Imposta,  Dazio.   ii.  quality,  nature,    iii.  Man- 
tener  uno  sulta  — ,  =  Secondarlo.     iv.  Essere  in  —  di 
fare  una  cosa,  to  be  disposed  to  do  it. 

Datare ;  to  date. 

*  Dataria ;  v.  Dateria. 

Datariato  m. ;  office  of  Datario. 
Datario  m. ;  head  of  the  Dateria. 

Dateria  f. ;  Papal  chancery  where 
official  documents  in  relation  to  the 
patronage  of  benefices  are  minuted. 

Datisca./;  (6ot.)  —  canapina  di  Greta,  Cretan 
hemp,  Datisca  cantiabina,  also  termed  Canapa  gialla. 


Date ///. ;  i.  in//.,  data.  2.  Per  — 
e  fatto,  =  Per  cagione  (di),  caused  (by). 
3.  In  buon  — ,  in  bonissimo  — ,  in  large 
quantities. 

fDatolo;«.;  v.  Dattero  (2). 

Dat6re  m. ;  i.  giver.  2.  at  football, 
kicker  off.  3.  drawer  (of  a  bill  of  ex- 
change). 

Dattero  (Dattaro)  m.  (L.  dactylics, 
<  Gr.  SriicrvXos,  which  was  probably  an 
alteration  of  a  Semitic  word,  cp.  Aramaic 
diqla,  palm-tree,  Arabic  daqal,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Date);  i.  date  fruit.  2.  —  di  mare, 
(a)  boring  shell,  Pholas,  locally  termed 
Datolo  de  mar,  Peveron  de  mar,  (b)  b;ir- 
na.c\e,Lepas,a.]so  termed  Lepade,  Ostrica 
di  carena. 

Dattilico ;  dactylic. 
Dattilffero ;  date-bearing. 

Dattiliografia /;  (Gr.  ScucTvAtos,  ring);  art  of 
gem-engraving. 

*Dattilioteca/!;  gem-case. 

Dattil-o  m.  (L.  dactylus,  <  Gr.  8aV 
ruXor,  finger,  the  first  joint  being  for  the 
long  syllable  and  the  other  two  for  the 
short  ones);  i.  dactyl.  2.  in  pi.,  -i 
di  Trebisonda,  =  Ermellino,  European 
date-plum.  3.  -i  di  mare,  barnacles. 

Dattilograffa  / ;  i.  talking  on  the 
fingers.  2.  type-writing. 

Dattilbgrafo  m. ;  (pers.)  type-writer. 

Dattdrno ;  round  about.  Levarsi 
— ,  to  get  rid  of. 

Datura y.  (Hindostani dliatura)  •  (l>t>t.)  i.  thorn- 
apple,  Datura  stramonium,  also  termed  Stramonio 
erbaceo  medicinale,  Noce  puzza,  Noce  spinosa.  2.  — 
da  tromba,  DfUurafiistuosa,  an  Indian  plant.  3.  — 
arborea,  =  Imbutine,  tree  datura. 

Daturina./;  atropin,  an  alkaloid  common  to 
Datura  and  Belladonna. 

Dauco  JH.  (L.,<Gr.  5au«os);  i.  wild  carrot, 
Daucus  carota.  2.  —  cretico,  Cretan  carrot, 
Libattotis  Crttcnsis. 

Daurin  ;//. ;  v.  Muggine(i). 

Davanti  adv.  or  prep.  (L.  de,  ab, 
ante] ;  in  front,  in  front  of,  before. 

Davanzale  m.  (bit.  dabantiale,  v. 
Davanti);  i.  window-sill.  2.  —  del 
fornello,  dead-plate. 

Davanzo;  more  than  enough,  v. 
Avanzo. 

Davidico ;  of  David. 

Dawantaggio ;  overmuch,  v.  Van- 
taggio. 

Dawe'ro;  really.  Dire  — ,  to  mean 
it.  Quando  si  mette  al  lavoro  non 
canzona,  dice  — ,  when  he  does  set  to 
work,  he  means  it.  II  colera  diceva  — , 
the  cholera  came  in  earnest. 

Davver6ne:  augm.  of  Davvero. 
*  Dazaiuolo  ;;/.;  toll-collector. 

Dazi-ario  adj.,  -are  to  levy  toll  upon,  v.  Dazio. 
-ere  w.;  =  Doganiere. 

Dazio  m.  (L.  datio,<dare);  i.  toll. 
2.  office  where  tolls  are  paid. 

Dazi6ne  f. ;  i.  {eccl.)  giving  the  ring  at  a 
marriage.  2.  giving  up,  delivery.  —  in  paga, 
handing  property  over  in  payment  of  a  debt. 

Dazzaiolo  m.\  toll-book. 


*Dazzino>«.:  toll-collector. 

De  (L.);   of.     Obsolete  except  in  the  phrase 
Cristo  de  Dio.     *  =  Ne.     Sottoposti  son  a  ammassar 
oro  e  sonde  (ne  sono)  serbatori  e  guardiani. 
De' ;  ellipsis  for  Dei,  of  the. 
D4a/.  (L.);  goddess. 

•Deargentare;  =  Inargentare,    to    plate    with 
silver. 

*  Deaurare ;  =  Indorare,  to  gild. 

Deba  in.  iniitcl.;  pop.  for  Dibattimento. 

*  Debaccarsi  (L.) ;  to  rave. 
*Debattow.;  dispute. 

Debbio  m.  (etyin.  unkn.);  burning 
wood  on  land  as  a  manuring  operation. 

Debell-are  ind.  debello  (L.);  to  subdue.  Aff. 
•amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Debilitare  iiul.  debilito;  to  weaken. 

Debit-ame'nte ;  duly,  -arello ;  dint. 
of -o. 

Debit-O  (L.,  v.  Dovere);  i.  due; 
Aver  -a  una  cosa,  (a)  to  owe  it,  (b)  to 
see  that  it  is  in  danger,  for  which  Vedere 
-a  is  also  used;  Quella  chicchera  di 
mano  a  quel  bambino  la  vedo  -a, 
the  cup  which  that  little  child  has  is 
very  unsafe.  As  sb. :  2.  debt ;  Far  —  a 
uno  di  una  cosa,  to  lay  it  to  his  charge. 
3.  =  Dovere,  duty. 

Aff.  -61o  dim.,  -6ra,  -6re,  -uccio  dim. 

De'bol-e  (L.  debilis,  <  de,  away,  not, 
-bilis,  prob.  akin  to  Sanskr.  bala-, 
strength,  Gr.  /SA-Tepos,  better,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Debilitate);  weak.  -  di  fiance, 
(mar.)  crank.  Aff.  -e"tto  dim.,  -e"zza, 
-(no  dim.,  -me'nte,  -6ne  augm.  big  but 
flabby,  -otto  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  pegg. 

*  Debonarita  y:  (Fr.);  good-nature. 

Debosciato  (Fr.  dcbaucher,  orig.  to 
mislead,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Debauch);  ef- 
feminate. 

Debuttare;  to  appear  for  the  first 
time. 

Debutto  m.  (Fr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Debut);  ddbut,  first  appearance. 

Deca  or  Decade  /  (Gr.  fie/eas,  ten) ; 
decade. 

Decad-e're  perf.  decaddi,  fut.  de- 
cadr6,  part,  decaduto  (L.) ;  to  fall  into 
decadence.  Aff.  -enza,  -imento. 

Decaedr-o  »i.\  (eeom.)  decahedron.    AJf.  -ico. 

Decanllo  ;  (calyx)  with  ten  petals. 

Decagini;  with  ten  pistils. 

Decagono  ;;/.;  decagon. 

Decagramme-  m. ;  weight  of  ten  grammes, 
about  4  oz. 

Decalcomania  /. ;  art  of  transferring  coloured 
designs. 

Decalitro  m.;  ten  litres,  about  two  gallons. 

Decalogo  m.;  as  E. 
*Decalvare;  to  shave  the  head. 

Decamer6ne  r». ',  the  hundred  stones  by 
Boccaccio. 

Decametro  m.\  ten  metres,  about  eleven  yards. 

Decampare  (Fr.  Mcamper,  with  al- 
tered meaning) ;  to  give  up.  —  dai  sui 
diritti,  to  resign  one's  rights.  —  dalla 
sua  opinione,  to  give  up  one's  opinion. 

Decana  /  ;  i.  mother  superior. 
2.  wife  of  a  dean. 

Decanato  m. ;  i.  deanship.  2.  dean- 
ery. 

Decandri  w.  //. ;  (bot.)  plants  with  ten  stamens. 

Decano  m.  (L.  decanus,  commander 
of  ten  men) ;  i.  dean.  2.  senior. 
*(astr.)  ten  degrees  of  the  zodiac,  or 
one  third  of  each  zodiacal  sign. 


DECANTARE— DEDUZIONE 


197 


Decantare  (A)  (mlt.  decant/tare,  < 
L.  de  +  canthus^  lip  of  a  cup,<  Or.  KavQos, 
corner  of  the  eye,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Decant); 
(chem.)  to  decant. 

(B)  (L.  decantare,  cp.  E.  descant) ; 
to  sing  the  praises  of. 

Decantazi6ne  f.\  decanting. 

Decapit-are  ind.  decapito,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 

Decasillabo;  (verse)  of  ten  syllables. 

DecastAro  «/.;  ten  cubic  metres.  ^ 

Decastilo  m. ;  facade  or  portico  with  ten 
columns, 

t  Decchimi  ;  =  Deccomt. 

Decco ;  jwp.  for  Ecco. 

Deccomi  che  viengo  ;  said  of  one  who  never 
can  learn.  The  story  goes  that  a  country  girl,  after 
a  month's  instruction  how  to  respond  Ecce  emcilla 
dotnint,  made  the  response,  when  she  was  called, 
Deccomi  che  viengo. 

*  Decedere  ;  i.  to  die.     ii.  tr.  to  deceive. 
Decembre  or/t?/.  Dicembre  M.  (L.,<<&<vw, 

as  it  was  the  tenth  month  of  the  Roman  year,  with 
instrumental  suffix,  v,  -bro,  supra  in  loco)  \  December. 

Decemvir-ale,  -ato,  -o;  as  E. 

Decennale;  decennial.  As  sb.t  the  title  of  a 
work  by  Machiavelli. 

Decenne  ;  ten  years  old. 

Decennio  »/, ;  decennium. 

*  Decennovennale  ;  relating  to  nineteen  years. 
Decen-te,  -temente,  -za;  as  E. 

Etym.  These  and  several  cognate  Italian 
words,  Degno,  Destro,  Dottore,  etc.,  are  from  Latin 
forms,  traceable  to  a  root  dek,  of  which  Walde  gives 
the  following  account  under  the  word  Decet. 

"  Decet  (deceo),  Jt  is  becoming,  decus  *oris,  orna- 
ment, =  Umbrian  tifit  '  decetj  with  an  irregular  i 
(perhaps  also  Oscan  deketasiui,  degetasis,  if  Brug- 
mann  is  right  in  rendering  it  '  ordinarivs ' ;  it  is 
more  likely  to  have  meant  decentarius)\  correspond- 


able,'  'is  agreeable, '  daksas,  ' clever,'  cp.  Irish  deck, 
'  the  best,  most  advantageous.' 

Here  according  to  Persson  is  to  be  found  the 
stem  of  L.  dexter^  formed  with  the  prime  grade  of 
the  es~  stem  from  decus,  the  right-hand  side  being 
regarded  as  the  fitting,  good,  or  serviceable  side. 

Linked  with  the  Tndogermanic  **dekt  to  seem 
good,  or  something  of  that  sort,  are:  L.  doceo,  to 
teach,  i.e.  to  exhibit  something  as  right  or  enlight- 
ening ;  Gr.  &QK€tu,  to  seem,  3o£a,  opinion,  fio«i/*o?, 
reputable,  Soy^a,  determination ;  also  L.  disco,  to 
learn ;  Gr.  StSaunew,  to  teach,  which  can  hardly  be 
separated  from  disco,  ii5a^,  teaching. 

It  is  true  that  the  Gr.  a  constitutes  a  difficulty; 
it  mav  perhaps  indicate  a  parallel  form  dek  with  the 
vowel  long,  which  was  perhaps  also  the  root  of  disco. 
Or  there  may  be  another  root  dengk  with  a  similar 
meaning,  viz.  to  appear,  which  is  seen  in  Lithuanian 
dingo,  it  seems;  dingotis,  to  appear  to  oneself; 
Padingti)  to  please ;  old  Prussian  podingai^  is 
pleasing. 

The  root  sense  however  of  these  words,  doceo  to 
SiSa^jj  above,  may  be  that  of  mental  perception,  so 
that  we  should  regard  them  as  being  in  close  con- 
nection with  dek,  to  receive,  to  observe,  in  the  Gr, 
StKopat,  to  accept,  as  well  as  the  following,  viz. 
6o«anj,  0ijin),  receiving ;  old  Bulgarian  desiti,  to 
find  ;  Servian  desiti,  to  hit,  n-des,  misfortune  ;  A.S. 
tigthian,  to  observe,  tigth,  observation  ;  and  besides 
these,  from  the  Indogerm.  dek,  whether  a  lengthened 
grade  or  a  parallel  form  as  above  suggested,  the 
Sanskrit  ddacti^  ddsti,  ddcnoti,  he  brings  sacrifice, 
he  shows  respect,  he  furnishes,  bestows,  and  the  Gr. 
tyKtrvfit,  spelt  thus  instead  of  deuut/pt,  to  greet. 

Prellwitz  derives  £cicop.<u  from  the  action  of 
holding  out  both  hands,  whether  for  greeting,  giving, 
or  taking.  If  he  is  right  decet  may  perhaps  nave  a 
root  of  more  limited  signification,  viz.  to  be  acceptable 
or  something  of  that  sort." 

Decentrare  ind.  decentro;  to  de- 
centralise. 

*Decernere(L.);  L  to  decree,     ii.  to  select. 

Decesso  m. ;  death  (as  a  statistical 
item). 

*  Decessore  m.\  official  who  is  retiring. 

*  Deceyole  ;=  Dicevole. 

*  Dechinare;  =  Declinare. 

Decidere  (Dicidere)  perf.  decisi,  part,  deciso 
(L.);  to  decide. 

*i.  to  preclude.  Da  quello  odiare  ogni  affetto  e 
deciso,  D.  Purg.  17.  in,  every  created  being  must 
have  a  feeling  of  love  for  his  Creator,  lit.  all  affection 
(all  which  is  affected,  influenced)  is  precluded  from 
hating  him  (the  primal  being),  ii.  to  clip  off. 
Credendo  quella*qutndi  esser  decisa,  D.  Par.  4.  53, 


believing  that  she  (the  soul)  was  cut  thence  (from 
the  soul's  own  star),  iii.  to  set  out  in  detail,  Ariosto, 
Orl.  Fur.  8.  90. 

Decidu-o;  i.  (bot)  (Calice)  — ,  drop- 
ping after  fertilisation;  (Stimma)  — , 
dropping  along  with  the  style ;  (Corolla) 
-a,  dropping  along  with  the  stamens ; 
(Foglie)  -e,  dropping  before  the  maturity 
of  the  fruit.  2.  falling  (star). 

Decifer-are  or  Decifr-are;  to  decipher.  Aff. 
•abile,  •atore,  -atora. 

Dec-igrammo,  -ilitro;  tenth  of  a  gramme  or 
litre. 

*  Decile  ;  an  adj.  describing  the  distance  between 
two  planets  when  it  is  a  tenth  part  of  the  zodiac. 

Decima/;  i.  tithe.  2.  (mus.)  in- 
terval of  ten  tones. 

*|.  =  Diecina,  set  of  ten.  ii.  —  scalata,  tax  pro- 
portioned to  income,  iii.  Prov.  Andare  per  la  —  e 
lasciare  il  sacco,  i.e.  to  lose  instead  of  gaining. 

Decimale ;  as  E. 

Deciman6na  f.\  one  of  the  registers  of  an 
organ. 

Decimare  ind.  decimo;  to  decimate. 
*i.  to  levy  tithe,     ii.  to  cut  off  the  tips  of  a  plant. 

Decimario  /«.;  register  of  lands  liable  to  tithe. 

Decimaterza /;  (mus.)  interval  of  thirteen 
tones. 

Decim-azi6ne ;  v.  -are. 

Decimetre  m.;  tenth  part  of  a  metre. 
•Decimina/:;  tax  paid  by  tenants. 

Decimino  /«.;  i.  a  kind  of  small  flute.  2.  a 
drink  costing  ten  centimes.  *i.  =Diacimino.  ii.  tithe- 
book. 

Decimo;  tenth.     *  weakly  or  half-witted  (boy). 

*  Decimone  ;«.;  augm.  *  Decimo. 
Decimo-primo,     -secondo,     -terzo,     ecc. ; 

eleventh,  etc. 

*  DecinayC;  =  Diecina,  set  often. 

*  Decipare  ;=  Dissipare. 
•Decipula./;  snare,  for  birds. 

DecisioneyC;  as  E.     *i.  separation,     ii.  atom. 

Decisiv-amente,  -o;  as  E. 

Deciso;  part.  Decidere. 

Decistero  nt.\  tenth  of  a  cubic  metre. 

Declam-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atdrio ;  as  E. 

Declaratorio  ;  (leg.)  as  E. 

Declinabile;  as  E.     *  =  Mutabile. 

Declin-are  (Diclinare) ;  i.  to  go 

down,  to  decline.  2.  to  deviate.  3.  tr. 

to  lower.  4.  (gram.}  to  decline.  5.  to 

announce  (a  person's  name).  Aff. 
-azidne. 

Decliv-e(L.,  v.  Skeat,  .»/£  Declivity); 

sloping,  -low.;  slope,  -ita/;  steep- 
ness. 

Decollare  ind.  dec&llo  (L.);  to  be- 
head. 

Decollazidne  / ;  the  beheading  of 
John  the  Baptist. 

Decomm&ttere ;  (mar.)  to  untwist 
(a  rope). 

Decomp-onibile,  -onibilita,  -6rre  vb., 
-osizi6ne;  decomposable,  etc. 

Dec6nto  m. ;  Libretto  di  — ,  savings-bank  book. 

Decontrostallie/://.;  extra-demurrage  days. 

Decor-are  ind.  dec6ro,  -ativo,  -atdre, 
-azi6ne ;  as  E. 

Decdr-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Decente) ;  i.  decorum. 
3,  ornament.  *  chaperon.  Aff.  -osamente,  -oso. 

Decorrenza/".;  expiration,  v.  Decorrere  (2). 

Dec6rrere  perf.  decorsi,  part,  de- 
corso;  i.  of  time,  to  pass,  go  by. 
2.  (com.)  of  interest,  to  run. 

Decdrso  m. ;  course  (of  time,  events, 
etc.). 

Dec6tt-o  (L.  decoetus)\  \.  m.  de- 
coction. 2.  adj.  =  Fallito,  bankrupt. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.y  -fnq  dim. 

Decottdre  m. ;  i.  (chem.)  digester. 
2.  (com.)  bankrupt. 

Decottuccio  m.\  dim.  sfreg.  Decotto. 
Decozidne/I;  i,  preparing  a  decoction,    a.  de- 
coction. 


Decremento  m.\  as  E. 

Decrepitare  ind.  decrepito  ;  (chem.)  to  calcine 
a  salt  till  it  ceases  to  crackle. 

Dccrepitazione  f. ;  crackling  of  a  salt,  on 
heating. 

Decrepit-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  decrepit. 
Aff.  -e>za. 

Decresc-ere  perf.  decrebbi,  part,  decresciuto; 
to  decrease.  Aff.  -enza  or-imdnto. 

Decretale ;  of  a  decree.  As  sb.> 
papal  decree ;  in  ^/.,  decretals,  the 
second  part  of  the  canon  law,  the  de- 
crees of  various  Popes  determining 
points  of  ecclesiastical  law. 

Decretalista  m. ;  writer  on  canon  law. 
*Decretalmente;  decisively. 

Decretare  ind.  decrdto ;  to  decree. 

Decretis  (Latinism);  Stare  in  — , 
i.  to  be  very  well  behaved.  2.  to  eat 
very  little,  be  on  a  strict  diet. 

Decre*to  m.  (L.) ;  decree.  *As  adj.) 
determined. 

*Decretprio;  decisive. 
*Decrezione_/^;  loss  of  strength. 
Decubito  m.  (L.);  position  when  lying  in  bed. 
Decumano ;  tenth  (legion).    As  sf>.  pi.,  soldiers 
of  the  tenth  legion,     "huge  (from  a  supposition  of 
every  tenth  wave  being  a  large  one). 

*  Decumbere  ;  (med.)  to  sink. 

Decuplo;  tenfold. 

Deciiria  /  (L.);  i.  squad  of  ten 
men.  2.  place  where  the  Decurie 
assembled. 

Decurionato  m.\  rank  of  Decurione. 

Decuri6ne  m. ;  i.  commander  of  a  Decuria  of 
cavalry.  2.  official  in  the  provinces  corresponding 
to  a  Roman  senator. 

*  Decursioney1;;  circus-race. 

*  Decussate  (L.,  <  decussis,  a  coin  worth  ten 
asses  and    therefore   marked    with    an   X,   so   that 
decussare  was  to  intersect  like  an  X);   to  intersect 
at  an  acute  angle. 

•Decusse   f.;    i.  =  Iccasse,  X.      ii.    coin  of  ten 
asses. 

Dedaleggiare  ind.  dedaleggio ;  to  fly  like 
Daedalus. 

Dedaleo ;  i.  like  Daedalus.  2.  clever- 
ly worked. 

tDeddina;  short  for  ArTededduna,  i'  faith  ! 
Dedicay:;  dedication. 

Dedic-are  ind.  dedico  (L.,<(&,  dicaret  to  pro- 
claim); to  dedicate. 

Aff.    -atore,  -atrice,   -atoria  epistle  dedicatory, 
•aturio,  -azitine,  -one  angm.  of  -a,  splendid  dedication. 
*Dedignatp;  angry. 

*Dedignazione/;  Fare  —  a  uno,  to  lower  his 
reputation. 

*  Deditamente ;  earnestly. 

Deditizio  (L.) ;  disposed  to  sur- 
render. 

Dedito  (L.);  given  up,  devoted  (to). 
Dedizi6ne/  (L.) ;  surrender. 

Ded-6tto ;  part,  of  Dedurre.  -ucf- 
bile;  as  E. 

Dedurre  ind.  deduce,  perf.  dedussi 
deduce'sti,  fut.  dedurro,  part,  dedotto 
(L.);  i.  to  derive.  2.  to  deduce.  3.  to 
deduct.  4.  (leg.)  to  bring  (arguments) 
before  the  court.  So  at  D.  Par.  30.  35, 
La  mia  tuba  che  deduce  L'  ardua  sua 
materia  terminando,  my  trumpet  whose 
task  of  setting  forth  its  great  subject  is 
now  nearly  done. 

*i.  =Condurre,  to  lead.  ii.  Dedursi,  to  be  com- 
plaisant, to  oblige,  D.  Purg.  14.  77. 

Deduttiv-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

*Dedutt-o;  i.  =Dedotto,  deduced,  ii.  caused, 
D.  Par.  20.  58.  iii.  conducted ;  Se  fosse  appunto  la 
cera  -a,  if  the  image  were  impressed  perfectly,  lit.  if 
the  wax  were  conducted  perfectly,  D.  Par.  13.  73. 

*  Deduttore  m. ;  i.  leader,  ii,  (atiat.)  abductor 
(muscle). 

Deduzi6ne_/:;  as  E. 


198 


DEFALCARE— DEMANDARE 


Defalcate,  Difalcare  (Diffalcare) 
(bit.,  either  <L.  de  and  O.H.G.  falgan, 
to  carry  off,  or  <  de  and  falc,  the  stem 
oifalx,  sickle,  >  late  L.  and  It.  falcare) ; 
to  deduct.  Bisogna  —  le  spese  per 
veder  quel  che  rimane,  the  expenses 
must  be  allowed  for,  to  get  the  net  profit. 

Defalco  m. ;  deduction. 
Defatigato ;  quite  tired  out. 
Defatto ;  pop.  for  Di  fatti,  indeed. 

Defecare  ind.  defeco;  (chem.)  to  free 
from  foreign  ingredients. 

.    Defecazi6ne   f.\     i.    (chem.)    v.     Defecare. 
2.    (med.)  defecation. 

*  Defendere ;   i.  =  Difendere.     ii.   to  take  away 
(a  stain). 

Defensionale;  (leg.)  of  the  defendant. 
Defer-ente,  -enza  ;  deferential,  etc. 

Defer-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  deferre); 
i.  to  defer,  show  deference.  2.  to  hand 
over,  to  pass  on  (for  decision  by  another 
authority).  3.  —  il  giuramento  a,  to 
administer  the  oath  to,  to  swear  (a 
witness).  4.  —  una  accusa  (al  tribu- 
nale),  to  lodge  an  accusation. 

*  i.  =  Differire,  to  postpone,     ii.  to  grant. 
*Defesso(L.);  tired. 

Defettfbile ;  liable  to  fail. 
Defezidne/ (L.);  defection. 

*  Deficare  ;  =  Edificare. 

Defici-ente  ;  deficient.  Restar  — ,  to  fail  at  an 
examination.  Aff.  -enza. 

Deficit  (Latinism);  as  E. 

*  Defiggere  ;  to  fix. 

Defin-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.);   i.  to  define.    2.  to 
settle  (a  dispute)  by  a  decision.     Aff.  -(bile. 
Definitiv-amente,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Definit6re     m.  ;     i.    v.     Dennire. 

2.  ecd.  (a)  —  generate,  legal  assessor 
to  the  General  of  an  Order;  (b)  padre 
— ,  assistant  director  of  a  monastery. 

3.  a  sculptor's   tool. 
Definizi6ne  f.\  as  E. 

*  Defizio  w.;  =  Edifizio,  building. 
Deflagr-are  ;  (chem.)  to  deflagrate,    -atore  m. ; 

a  kind  of  Voltaic  pile.  -azi6ne  f. ;  deflagration 
semi-explosion. 

Deftemmare  ind.  deflemmo;  (cftfw.)  to  remove 
some  of  the  water  from  a  composite  liquid. 

Deflessi6ne/;  deflection. 

Deflor-are ;  to  deflower.     Aff.  -atdre,  -azione. 

*  Defonto  ;=  Defunto,  defunct. 
Deform-are  ind.  defdrmo ;  to  disfigure.    Aff. 

-azione.  -e ;  i.  deformed.  2.  ugly,  -entente,  dis- 
agreeably, -ita. 

Defraud-are  ind.  defraudo ;  as  E.  Aff.  -atore 
-atrice. 

'Defrescare;  i.  =  Rinfrescare.     ii.  =Rinnovel- 
lare. 

"Defrito  or  Defruto  ;«.;    must  thickened   by 
boiling. 

Defunto  (L.)  ;  deceased,  defunct. 
•Degagna/.;  large  drag-net. 
Degener-are  ind.  degenero,  -azione,  -e  (adj.)  ; 

Degente  (Latinism);  i.  resident.  2.  —  allo 
spedale,  now  in  hospital. 

*  Degettare ;  =  Guastare. 

*  Deglabare  ;  =  Scapezzare. 
Degh  ;  of  the,  it.  Gli. 

Deglut-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  de,  glutire, 
to  swallow,  v.  Gola);  to  swallow.  Aff. 
-izidne. 

Degname'nte ;  worthily. 

Degn-are  ind.  degno  (It.  degno); 
I.  to  be  affable.  2.  to  accept  what  is 
offered  in  the  way  of  food  when  seated 
at  table.  3.  to  deem  worthy;  Non  lo 
-o  d'  uno  sguardo,  I  do  not  think  it 
is  worth  looking  at;  Non  mi  -a  piu, 
he  no  longer  thinks  me  worth  notice; 


-  uno   per   amico,   to  accept  him  as 
a  friend,  to  think  his  friendship  worth 
having.     4.  -arsi,  to  condescend. 

*  to  be  able,  D.  Purg.  30.  74 ;  cp.  Proven9-  denhar 
with  the  same  meaning. 

Degnazi6ne/ ;  condescension.  Ab- 
bia  la  —  di  starmi  a  sentire,  I  trust  you 
will  be  good  enough  to  listen  to  what 
I  have  to  say. 

tDegnitayj;  i.  Che  —  di  frutte,  what  a  fine 
show  of  fruit!  ii.  —Dignita. 

•Degni-tade  or  -tate/;  i.  =Rarita,  something 
rare  and  valuable,  rare  treasure,  ii.  noble  quality  or 
attribute;  Vostra  natura...da  queste  degnitadi  Come 
da  Paradiso  fu  remota,  your  (human)  nature  suffered 
the  loss  of  these  great  attributes  (immortality  and  so 
on)  together  with  that  of  Paradise,  D.  Par.  7.  85. 
iii.  (as  an  Ttalianisation  of  Gr.  a£utyia)  axiom. 

tDegnit6so;  precious. 
Degno  (L.  dignus,  v.  supra  Decente) ;  worthy. 

*i.  =  Paragonabile,  comparable,  ii.  suitable,  D. 
Purg.  28.  112.  iii.  Avere  a  — ,=Degnare,  to  regard 
as  acceptable. 

Degradaminto  m.;  degradation. 

Degradare  ind.  degrddo;  i.  to  de- 
grade. 2.  in  drawing,  to  reduce  in  size. 
3.  (paint)  to  tone  down,  to  soften, 
grade  off. 

Degradazi6neyT;  the  punishment  of  degrada- 
tion. 

•  Deguastare  ;  =  Guastare. 

•  Degustare  ;  =  Assaggiare,  to  sample. 
Den  !  excl.  of  pain. 

Dei ;  i.  in.pl.  heathen  gods.  2.  sync,  for  devi, 
v.  Dovere. 

*  Deiettare  ;  i.  to  drive  away.    ii.  to  throw  down. 
Deiezibne/;;  (med.)  dejecta,     'dejection. 
Deific-are  ind.  deifico,  -azidne;  as  E. 
Deipara  adj.  or  sir. ;  mother  of  God. 
Deis-mo  >«.;  as  E.     Aff.  -ta. 

Delta /;  =  Divinita. 
•Delapldare  ;=Lapidare. 

Delatore  m. ;  informer. 

Delazi6neyC;  i.  information.  2.  illicit 
bearing  of  weapons. 

'Delcio  >».;=Leccio,  ilex. 

Delcre'dere  m. ;  security,  guarantee, 
given  by  an  agent  to  his  principal  for 
the  due  execution  of  a  bargain  by  the 
purchaser. 

Delebile;  erasable. 

Deleg-are  ind.  delego,  -ato,  -azi6ne ;  as  E. 

Deleterio  (mlt.,<Gr.  SfjA^njpios) ;  as  E. 
*  Deletto    m. ;    i.     selection,    ii.    conscription. 
Hi.  =  Dilettp,  pleasure. 

*Delezione(L.);  choice. 

D^lfico;  of  Delphi. 

Delfinayl;  i.  wife  of  the  Dauphin.  2.  Alia 
— ,=Ad  usum  delphini,  v.  Delphini. 

Delfinato ;  Dauphine,  in  France. 

Delfmetto  m. ;  grub  of  a  mosquito. 

Delfini;  v.  Delphini. 


Delflnieray^;  =  Arpione,  harpoon. 

Delff.no  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  8eX0t'r) ;  I.  Dol- 
phin, Delphinus  delphis.  2.  Dauphin, 
a  term  adopted  for  the  eldest  son  of  the 
king  of  France  from  the  province  of 
Dauphind,  whose  lords  had  dolphins  on 
their  coat  of  arms.  3.  (mar.)  cheek  of 
a  ship's  head,  also  termed  Bracciuolo 
del  tagliamare. 

*  i.  =  Gobbo,   hunchback,      ii.    knight,  at  chess, 
iii.    an   instrument   of   naval   warfare.      iv.    leaden 
weight  placed  inside  a  fish  used  as  bait. 

Deliaco;  Problema  — ,  the  mathematical  pro- 
blem of  the  "duplication  of  the  cube,"  v.  Duplicazione, 
said  to  have  been  propounded  by  the  oracle  of  Delos. 

Delib-are  (L.) ;  (poet.)  to  taste. 
*-ato  =  Offeso,  outraged. 

Delfbera  / ;  giving  out  work,  e.g. 
by  tender. 

*  Deliberamente  ;=  Liberamente. 


Deliber-are  ind.  delibero  (Delibrare, 
Diliberare,  Deliverare,  Diliverare,  Di- 
livrare)  (L.) ;  i.  to  resolve ;  Con  animo 
-ato,  resolutely;  Uomo  -ato,  one  who 
has  made  up  his  mind.  2.  to  deliberate. 
3.  tr.  —  una  spesa,  to  determine  upon 
a  given  expense.  —  una  festa,  to  deter- 
mine upon  holding  a  festival.  4.  —  a, 
to  adjudge  after  competition  at  auction 
or  by  tender. 

*i.  to  set  free.  ii.  to  hand  over  for  punishment, 
iii.  —  una  richiesta,  to  decide  upon  an  application, 
iv.  —  un  luogo,  to  evacuate  a  place,  v.  -arsi,  (a)  of  a 
woman,  to  be  delivered,  (b)  to  deliver  oneself  (of  an 
observation),  to  finish  (one's  story). 

Deliberatamente ;  after  full  con- 
sideration. *easily. 

Deliber-atario  m. ;  successful  ten- 
derer, v.  -are  (4). 

•Deliberativa;  i.  /.,  faculty  of  determination. 
ii.  as  adv.,  =  Deliberatamente. 

Deliberativ-o ;  i.  Facolta  -a,  de- 
bative  faculty.  2.  Voto  — ,  right  to 
speak  and  vote  as  opposed  to  Voto 
consultivo,  right  to  speak  but  not  to 
vote;  Potere  — ,  right  to  decide,  i.e.  the 
right  of  an  assembly  to  give  effect  to  its 
resolutions,  as  opposed  to  the  mere 
consultative  right  of  the  council  of  a 
despotic  ruler. 

Deliberazi6ne  f. ;    i.    as  E.      2.    resolution. 

*  liberation. 

•Delibrare;  i.  =  Deliberare.     ii.  =Dilibrare. 
*  Delic-amento  or  -anzayl;  =  -atezza,  pleasure, 
refinement,     t-are,  to  tickle. 

Delicat-amentearfw.  -ello ;  affected,  -ezza 
/.',  delicacy,  refinement,  softness.  -ino  ;  dim., 
delicate  in  health  or  constitution.  -o ;  as  E. 

*  =  Ameno,    lovely    (scenery).      -6ne  ;     affectedly 
delicate.      -uccio ;    dim.    -jezz.      -ura  f.\    luxury. 
-uzzo  ;  dim.  spreg.  of  -o. 

Etym.  L.  delicatits,  luxurious,  akin  to  dclicere, 
to  amuse,  <.dc,  lacere,  to  entice. 


*  Delicazidne  y^;  (theol.)  ecstasy. 
*Deliciano  m.;  earthly  paradise. 


tDelicow.;  tickling. 

*  Delimare  ;  i.  —  Limare,  to  file.     ii.  to  wear  out. 
Delimitazi6ney;;  as  E. 

Deline-am£nto,  -are,  -atdre,  -atrice;  as  E. 
Delinqu-ente,  -enza;  as  E.     -ere;  to  offend 

(L.  de-linguere,  to  fail,  viz.  in  one's  duty). 

*  Delinquire  ;=  Logorare,  to  wear  out. 

Delio;  of  Delos.  Delia  dea,  Latona,  or  the 
moon.  Delie  foglie,  laurel  leaves. 

Deliquescente  ;  (chem.)  as  E. 

Deliquio  m.  (L.);  fainting-fit.  *i.  eclipse. 
ii.  melting. 

Delir-are  ind.  deliro  (L.,<ife,  lira,  ridge  be- 
tween two  furrows,  cp.  O.  H.G.  leiia.  Germ.  Geleise, 
track)  ;  to  rave.  Aff.  -io. 

Delitt-o   in.    (L.   delict  um);    crime. 
-udso. 


•Delivrare;  i.  =  Deliberare.     ii.  to  discharge  an 
obligation. 

Delizi-a/  (L.  deliciae,<de,  lacere, 
to  entice)  ;  delight.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -osa- 
me'nte,  -oso. 

Dell'  uno  all'  altro;  (herald.)  v.  Dal. 

Delphini;  in  the  phrase  Ad  usum  delphini, 
which  was  put  on  the  books  for  the  use  of  the 
Dauphin  in  France,  and,  since  they  were  expurgated, 
the  expression  has  come  to  be  applied  to  all  books 
and  histories  of  a  partisan  character  which  do  not 
speak  the  whole  truth. 

Delta  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.  *i.  triangle,  symbol  of 
Jehovah,  ii.  a  constellation. 

Dellibro  m.  (L.,  <  de,  lucre,  to 
cleanse)  ;  shrine. 

Delucidare;  i.  to  trace,  to  copy. 
2.  to  explain. 

Del-iidere  per/,  -usi,  part,  -uso  (L.);  as  E. 
Aff.  -usione,  -us~)rio. 

Demagog-ia,  -ico,  -o;  as  E. 

Demandare  ;  (leg.)  to  pass  on. 

*i.  to  entrust,     ii.  =Domandare. 


DEMANIO— DEPRAVARE 


199 


Demani-O  m.  (old  Fr.  demaine,  < 
L.  dominiuni);  i.  demesne,  the  whole 
of  the  public  property  of  the  State. 

2.  the  office  in  charge  of  its  administra- 
tion.    Aff.  -ale. 

Demarcazidne./:  as  E. 
tDematare  ;  (mar.)  to  dismast. 

*  Demembrare  ;  v.  Dimembrare. 
Dem-ente;  as  E.     Ajf.  -enza. 

"  Demergere  (Dimergere);  =  Affnndare,  to  sink. 

Demerit-are  ind.  demerito ;  to  lose 
by  bad  conduct,  -o  m. ;  as  E. 

fDem£zzo  tit.;  (wrtr.)=Caricamezzo,  bunt-line. 
Demissionario  m. ;  officer  who  has  resigned. 
Democr-aticamente,      -atico,      -atizzare, 
-azia;  as  E. 

*  Demogeronte  m.  (Or.) ;  elder,  senator. 
Demogdrg-o  or  -6ne  m.  (Gr.  SoJ.tJ.tav,  yopyfa, 

terrible);  a  mysterious  deity  or  diabolical  magician 
first  mentioned  about  450  A.D.  and  regarded  as  an 
object  of  terror. 

Demol-ire  ind.  -isco,  -it6re,  -izidne;  as  E. 
(\^.,<de,  moles,  a  heap). 

Demone  m.  (Gr.  £at/ib>?,  a  god,  genius,  spirit, 
cp.  Saio/iai ,  to  impart) ;  demon. 

Demonetare  ind.  demoneto  ;  to  demonetise. 

Demoni-accio/c££-.,  -£tto  dim.,  of -o. 

Demonia-co;  i.  as  E.  2.  in  pi.  -ci,  believers 
in  the  ultimate  salvation  of  the  Devil. 

Demdnio  m.  (variant  of  Demone) ;  i.  the 
Devil.  2.  Jig.  evil  passion.  3.  Figliolo  del  — , 
(hisf.)  a  term  specially  applied  to  the  cruel  Ezzelino 
da  Romano. 

Demonio  m.\—  Diavolio,  uproar. 

Demoralizz-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azidne; 
as  E. 

Dem&tico  ;  the  popular,  as  opposed  to  leratica, 
the  occult  writing  of  ancient  Egypt. 

*  Den  ;  =  Debbono,  3rd  pi.  pres.  of  Dovere,  D. 
Inf.  33.  7. 

*Dena;/;  a  Tuscan  coin,  =ten  lire. 
*Denaiolo;=Danaroso,  rich. 
*Denante,  Denanzi  ;  =  Dinanzi,  before. 

Denar-o  m. ;  v.  Danaro.  *i.  Esercitare  il  — , 
to  put  money  out  at  interest,  ii.  —  battuto  or 
manesco,  =  Contanti,  cash.  iii.  Prov.  II  suo  soldo 
val  tredici  -i,  thirteen  instead  of  twelve,  said  of  a 
very  fortunate  person  or  of  one  who  always  considered 
himself  right. 

Dendrite  _/;  fossil  bearing  the  impress  of  a 
plant. 

Dendrdide  ;  tree-like  (moss). 
Denegare    ind,   denego,   or    Dinegare    ind. 
dinegp;   to  deny. 

*  Denieri  m.  ;=Denaro. 

Denigr-are  ind.  denigro  (Dinegrare);  to 
blacken.  AJf.  -atore,  -azione. 

*  Denodare  ;-Snodare,  to  undo. 
Denomin-are  ind.  denomino,  -ativo,  -atbre, 

-azibne;  as  E. 

Denotare  ind.  denuto,  or  Dinotare  ind. 
dinoto ;  as  E. 

Dens-am6nte,  -ita,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Dentate;  i.  adj. ,  as  E.    Assp.'.  2.  =  Dentrice. 

3.  ploughshare. 

Dentaria/;  (iW.)=Moscatellina,  toothwort. 
Dentata/:  bite,  or  mark  of  a  bite. 
Dentato  ;  i.  toothed,  notched,  cogged.    2.  (/u-r- 
ald.)  (a)  11.  Difcndere  (2),  (6)  v.  Dentefiato. 

Dentatura  / ;  dentition. 

Dent-e  »/.  (L.,  cogn.  Sanskr.  danta 
or  dnnt,  Gothic  tuti/hus,  O.H.G.  zand, 
E.  tooth,  all  participial  forms  <  Indo- 
germ.  stem  edont,  <  root  eii,  to  eat ;  the 
initial  vowel  remains  in  Gr.  otSovt,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tooth);  i.  tooth;  --  del 
giudizio,  wisdom-tooth  ;  —  diacciuolo, 
tooth  that  cannot  stand  cold ;  Barba 
del  — ,  root  of  a  tooth ;  Cavalier  del  — , 
spunger;  —  d'  elefante,  elephant's  tusk. 
2.  notch  in  a  knife.  3.  bill  of  an  anchor. 

4.  cog   of  a  toothed  wheel.     5.   (hot.) 
(a)    -  -    di    cane,    dog's    tooth    violet, 
Erythronium  dens  cam's;  (6)  —  canino, 
couch-grass,      Triticum     repens,     also 
termed  Caprinella,  Gramigna,  Gramic- 
cia;  (c) —  di  leone,  dandelion,  Taraxa- 
cum dens  leonis,  also  termed  Capo  di 
frate,    Piscialletto,    Kadicchio,    Radic- 
chiella,  Soffione,  Stella  gialla,  Tarassaco 


medicinale;  (d)  — cavallino,  =  Cassilag- 
gine,  white  henbane.  6.  (fortif.)  an 
outwork  sticking  out  like  a  tooth. 

Phrases :  7.  Reggere  1'  anima  co'  -i, 
to  be  at  the  point  of  death.  8.  Finche 
uno  ha  -i  in  bocca  non  si  sa  quel  che  gli 
tocca,  i.e.  the  future  is  uncertain  all 
one's  life  long.  9.  Dolere  i  -i :  La 
lingua  batte  dove  il  —  duole,  i.e.  a  man 
cannot  help  speaking  of  what  troubles 
him  most.  10.  Non  gli  dolgono  piii  i  -i, 
i.e.  he  is  dead.  n.  Parlare  fuor  de'  -i, 
to  speak  plainly,  without  reserve.  12.  O 

-  o   ganascia,  a    metaphor   from    a 
clumsy  dentist,  meaning  that  the  thing 
has  to  be  managed  somehow.     13.  Ri- 
maner  a   -i  asciutti,  or  secchi,  to   be 
grievously  disappointed.     14.  Non  toe- 
car  ti,  or  Non  stuzsicarti  un  — ,  of  food, 
to  be  insufficient ;  Si  mangio  due  libbre 
di  rosbiffe  che  non  gli  toccarono  neanche 
un  — ,  he  polished  off  two  pounds  of 
beef  which  hardly  took  off  the  edge  of 
his  appetite.   15.  Tra'  -i: — Oh!  appunto 
voi !    Giusto    v'   avevamo    tra'   -i,    oh ! 
there  you  are!  we  were  just  speaking 
of  you. 

1 1  -i  della  domenica,  the  front  teeth. 
*Dentecchiare ;  v.  Denticchiare. 

Dentellato;  i.q.  Dentato,  but  with 
smaller  teeth.  In  heraldry  —  is  usually 
dentated  on  both  sides  whilst  Dentato 
means  dentated  only  above  or  only  on 
one  side  or  below. 

Dentellatura/;  indentation,  notch- 
ing. 

*Dentelliere  m.  ;  =  Stuzzicadenti,  toothpick. 

Dentello  m. ;  i.  notch.  2.  in//., 
(arch.)  dentils,  small  square  blocks 
placed  under  a  cornice  for  ornament. 

*i.  small  tooth,  ii.  polisher  made  from  animals' 
teeth,  iii.  =  Merletto,  lace.  iv.  buttress  of  a  river 
wall. 

*  Denticchi-are,  Dentecchi-are  ;  i.  to  nibble, 
ii.  Jig.  to  slander,     iii.   -aria,  to  mutter  under  one's 
breath. 

Dentice  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Dentale,  sea  rough,  a  fish 
with  four  long  hooked  teeth  in  the  front  of  each  jaw, 
Dentex  viilgaris,  or  four-toothed  sparus ;  —  coro- 
nato,  another  species  found  in  the  Straits  of  Con- 
stantinople. 2.  person  with  projecting  teeth. 

Denti-colo  or  -culo  m.;  =  Dentello  (2). 

Dentiera/;  i.  set  of  false  teeth. 
2.  screw  for  turning  up  the  wick  of  a 
lamp. 

Dentifricio  ;«.;  tooth-powder. 
Dentillariay.;  (bot.)  Plumbago  Europea. 
Dentfna  f. ;  a  variety  of  grape. 

Dentfno  ;//. ;  i.  dim.  Dente,  small 
tooth.  2.  in  cattle,  milk-tooth.  3.  fig. 
Metier  un  — ,  (a)  to  be  promoted,  (b)  to 
rise  in  price.  4.  a  species  of  fungus, 
also  termed  Gallinaccio. 

*Dentischio  w.;  =  Lentischio,  mastic  tree. 
Dent-ista,  -izi6ne;  as  E. 

Dent-6ne  ;«.;  i.  augm.  -e.  2.  person 
with  large  teeth. 

D6ntro  adv.  or  prep,  (di,  entro,  < 
L.  in/us);  within,  inside;  Andare  — , 
to  go  to  prison  ;  Quelli  di  — ,  the  people 
inside ;  O  —  o  fuori,  i.e.  make  up  your 
mind  one  way  or  the  other;  Aver  le 
gambe  in  — ,  to  be  knock-kneed ;  Darci 
— ,  to  guess  right;  —  la  giornata,  or 
Dentr'  oggi,  before  the  day  is  over; 


Dar  —  a,  to  plunge  into;  Dar  —  nella 
rete,  to  be  caught  in  the  net ;  Dar  —  in 
una  fossa,  to  fall  into  a  ditch ;  C'  c  - 
chi  1'  ha  fatto,  i.e.  it  is  a  very  heavy 
object. 

*  i.    —   raccolto,    with    thought    turned    inwards, 
D.  Purg.  4.  68.     ii.    Fare  a  che  I'  e  —  e  che  1'  e 
fuori,  to  play  fast  and  loose,     iii.  Servire  agli  officii 
— ,  to  attend  to  the  things  of  the  soul,     iv,   Tenere 
— ,  to  maintain,  keep  up.    v.  Da  —  a  — ,  by  internal 
measurement. 

Dentuccio  m.',  spreg.  Dente. 
Denud-are  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -amento,  -azidne. 

Denunzi-aorDenunci-a/;  i.  report, 
e.g.  of  the  commission  of  a  crime. 

2.  return,  for  purposes  of  taxation  or 
registration ;  Uffizio  delle  -e,  information 
bureau.     3.   in  pi.,  banns  of  marriage; 
Fermare,  Rattenere  le  -e,  to  forbid  the 
banns.     Aff.  -are,  -atore. 

*  Deonestare  ;  to  discredit. 

*  Deontologia  f.   (Gr.   fif'oc,  5ei) ;    treatise  on 
duty. 

Deostr-uere  or  -uire  ind.  -uo  or  -uisco,  perf. 
•uii,  part,  -utto  or  -uito ;  (nied.)  to  remove  an  ob- 
struction. 

*  Dcpastione  /  ;  =  Pascolo. 
Depauperare  ind.  depaupero ;  to  impoverish. 

*  Depelare  ;  =  Pelare. 

Depenn-are  ind.  depenno  (Dipen- 
nare) ;  to  strike  out,  cancel.  Aff.  -azione. 

Deper-ire  ind.  -isco  (Fr.,  <L.);  to 
waste  away.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Depilat6rip  ;  (;««/.)  as  E. 
Deplor-abile,     -abilmente,     -are,   "-e'vole : 
as  E. 

Deponente;  pres.  part.  Deporre. 
As  sb.,  (leg.)  depositor.  As  adj.,  (gram.) 
deponent. 

Depdrre  for  conjug.,  v.  Porre  ;  i.  to 
lay  down.  2.  to  depose.  3.  to  give 
evidence.  *of  a  river,  to  fall  into  the 
sea. 

Deport-are  ind.  depfirto;  as  E.    Ajff.  -azione. 

Depbrto  m.  or  Premio  di  —  ;  back- 
wardation (on  the  Stock  Exchange). 

Deposi ;  per/.  Deporre. 
Deposit-are,  -ario;  as  E. 
Depositeria/T;  royal  or  public  Treasury. 
Depositfno  m. ;  dim.  Deposito  (2). 

Deposit-o  m. ;  i.  deposit.    2.  tomb. 

3.  (mil.  and  mar.)  store-room,   depot. 

4.  Magazzino  di  — ,  bonded  warehouse; 
In  —  franco,  in  bond.     5.  cloak-room 
at  a  railway  station.     6.  (surg.)  abscess. 
7.  person  who  is  or  thinks  himself  or 
herself  a  wreck  and  will  do  nothing  for 
fear  of  suffering  in  health;  Andiamo  a 
far  visita  a  quel  —  della  signora  R.,  let 
us  go  and  pay  a  visit  to  that  poor  old 
Mrs  R. ;  Quando  siamo  -i  che  ci  si  fa 
in  questo  mondo?  when  we  are  quite 
broken    down   what   can   we    do   with 
ourselves  in  this  world? 

Deposizidne  / ;  i.  deposition. 
2.  picture  or  sculpture  of  the  Descent 
from  the  Cross.  3.  (eccl.)  taking  down 
the  Sacrament ;  L'  esposizione  si  fece 
alle  quattro,  la  —  si  fece  alle  nove,  the 
Sacrament  was  exhibited  at  four  and 
taken  down  at  nine. 

Deposto ;  part.  Deporre.  As  sb., 
(leg.)  deposition. 

*i.  =Tramontato,  set.     ii.  =  Deposito. 

Deprav-are ;  to  deprave.  Ajff.  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azione. 


2OO 


DEPRECATIVAMENTE— DESTRO 


Deprec-ativamente  adv.,  -ativo  the  same  as 
-at&rio  but  used  with  reference  to  some  formulary, 
-atdrio,  -are,  -azidne;  as  E. 

Depred-are,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 

Depress-i6neyl;  as  E.    -o;  part.  Depriinere. 

Deprezz-are  ind.  deprezzo;  to  de- 
preciate. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

De-prfmere  perf.  -pressi,  part. 
-presso;  i.  to  depress,  to  lower.  2.  fig. 
to  humiliate.  *to  conquer. 

Deprofundis  in. ;  the  psalm  beginning  thus. 
Cantare  il  —  a  uno,  to  regard  his  recovery  as  impos- 
sible. Ho  piacere  di  vederlo  guarito ;  e  sa,  gli 
avevan  bell'  e  detto  il  — ,  I  am  delighted  to  see  he  is 
recovered ;  you  know  they  had  quite  given  him  up. 

Depur-are ;  to  purify.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ativo  with  purifying  action,  -at6re, 
-atorio;  I.  purifying.  2.  as  sb.,  filtering 
tank ;  -azione. 

Depuro  m. ;  purified  material, 
d'  indaco,  purified  indigo. 

Deput-are  ind.  deputo  ;  asE.  (L.,  <de,putare, 
to  think,  hence  deputare,  to  allot  for  a  given  purpose, 
and  so,  to  depute).  Aff.  -ato  sb. 

Deputazi6ne  f.\  as  E.  *  committee  of  the 
Crusca  or  work  entrusted  thereto. 

Deragliare  (Fr.  dfrailler,  <  E.  rail); 
to  derail. 

*Derasarsi  ;  =  Dirazzare,  to  degenerate. 

**-dere;  a  Latin  stem  meaning  "to 
place,"  occurring  in  several  Latin-Italian 
verbs,  v.  Ascondere,  Credere,  Condire, 
Perdere,  cp.  Gr.  6i\  in  ri-Bri-fu,  Sanskr. 
dha  in  da-dha-mi,  to  put.  The  root  is 
dhe,  not  to  be  confounded  with  da,  the 
root  of  dare,  to  give,  though  in  com- 
pounds dere  sometimes  appears  as  dare, 
e.g.  L.  circumdare,  >  It.  Circondare. 
The  Teutonic  stem  do  is  from  the  same 
root,  cp.  Germ,  thun,  E.  do,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Do. 

*  Deredare;  =  Diseredare. 
Derelitto  (L.) ;  abandoned. 

Deretano  (Diretano)  m.  (It.  direto) ; 
behind. 

*  As  adj. :  i.  hinder,     ii.  last. 

*  Deretare  ;  i.q.  Deredare. 
De-ridere/ep^  -risi,  part,  -riso,  to  deride.    Aff. 

Deris-ione,  -ivo,  -ora,  -ore,  -oriamente,  -orio. 

Deriva/;  (mar.)  i.  leeway.  2.  In 
— ,  adrift.  3.  —  centrale,  centre  board. 
4.  Bella  — ,  plenty  of  sea-room. 

Deriv-are  ind.  derivo  (Dirivare)  (L., 
orig.  to  draw  water  from  a  river,  <  de, 
rivits,  hence  to  turn  aside,  to  divert); 
i.  intr.  to  be  derived;  II  Po  deriva  dal 
Moncenisio,  the  Po  has  its  sources  in 
Montcenis.  2.  fig.  to  be  derived,  in 
etym.  sense.  3.  tr.  to  derive.  4.  to 
draw  off  (water).  5.  (mar.}  to  make 
leeway ;  —  con  le  ancore,  to  drag  the 
anchors.  6.  (med)  to  dissipate  (a 
secretion).  Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

*  Derivieni  ?«.  \  —  Andirivieni,  going  and  coming. 
Derm-a  m.  (Gr.,<Se'pu),  to  flay);  (anat.)  skin, 

derma.    A$,  -atico  or  -ico. 

D6rno  m. ;  (mar.')  Bandiera  in  — , 
the  Fr.  pavilion  en  berne,  of  unknown 
origin,  flag  shewn  rolled  up  as  a  signal 
of  distress. 

*Derobare  ;  =  Derubare,  to  plunder. 

D&rog-a  /  ;  (leg.)  disposition  can- 
celling another,  v.  -are. 

Derog-abile ;   Non  — ,  immutable, 


Derog-are  ind.  derogo  (L.);  —  a; 

1.  to  annul  some  provision  in  (a  law). 

2.  to  infringe.     3.  to  be  derogatory  to. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Derrata  /  (cogn.  Fr.  denr^f,  <  bit. 
denariata,  equivalent  of  money);  mer- 
chandise, esp.  of  eatable  kinds. 

*  i.  contract  for  sale.    ii.  —  Prezzo,  price,    iii.  Aver 

—  d'  uno,  to  employ  him.     iv.   Far  dl  se  — ,  to  offer 
one's  services.      v.  =  Opera,  Azione.      vi.  =Merito, 
Portamento.      vii.  =  Presa,    Porzione.      viii.    Aver 
meno  —  d'  una  cosa,   to  have  little  or  none  of  it. 
ix.    Una,   Due  derrate,  i.e.  little  or  nothing,     x.  A 
gran  derrate,  (a)  in  abundance,  (6)  at  a  low  price, 
xi.  Aver  le  tre  derrate  per  un  denaio,  i.e.  to  buy  a 
thing  far  below  its  \alue. 

Derrataccia  f. ;  pegg.  of  Derrata. 

*  Derratale;«. ;  the  smallest  kind  of  wine-measure. 

Derubare  ind.  derubo  (Derobare, 
Dirobare);  to  plunder. 

*  Derupare  ;  =  Dirupare,  to  hurl  down. 
Dervlg^io    or    Dervis    in.    (Persian   word    for 

poor) ;  dervish. 

*Desalare  ;  =  Dissalare,  to  remove  the  salt  from. 

tDesbancare  ;  =  Ouadrare,  to  square  a  piece  of 
timber. 

Descension-ale ;  i.  (mil.)  coming  off  duty. 
2.  (astr.)  descending.  Aff.  -e. 

*  Descenzo  m. ;  Cavare  per  — .  in  old  chemistry, 
to  expel  an  extractive  from  wood  by  means  of  fire 
above  into  a  vessel  below. 

*  Descheria    / ;    i.     dues    paid    by    butchers, 
ii.  butcher's  block. 

Deschetto  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Desco.  *i.  =Pan- 
chetto,  three-legged  stool.  ii.  —  Bischetto,  shoe- 
maker's work-table,  iii.  toilet-table. 

*  Descitare    (L.    tie,   excitare)  ;  =  Svegliare,    to 
wake. 

Desco  m.  (L.  discus,  disk,  and  later, 
plate);  i.  table,  in  the  phrase;  Stare 
a  — ,  to  be  at  table,  i.e.  eating. 
2.  butcher's  block. 

*i.  discus,  a  sort  of  quoit,  ii.  bench,  counter, 
iii.  —  molle,  plentiful  repast  without  regular  laying 
of  the  table. 

Descritt-ivamente,  -iyo,  -6re  ;?/.  Descrivere. 

Descriv-ere  perf.  descrissi,  part.  descritto(L.); 
to  describe.  *i.  to  enrol  for  training,  ii.  to  register 
for  taxation.  A{f.  -fbile. 

Descriziori-ey:;  as  E.  Aff.  -cella  dim.  spref., 
-cina  dim.  vezz. 

*  Deserre  w.;  =  Giardinetto,  fruit  for  desert. 
Deserto  (Diserto)  (L. ,  part,  of  deseren,  lit.  to 

undo,  v.  Serrare) ;  i.  desert,  bare.    2.  deserted.    3.  as 
sb. ,  desert. 

*  i.  destitute,  deprived,    ii.  =  Dappoco,  inefficient. 

*  Deservire  ;  =  Servire. 

*  Desfidare  ;  =  Sfidare. 
fDesgrossare  ;  =  Digrossare. 

Desiare ;  to  desire,    t  to  please. 

Desider-are  (L.) ;  to  desire.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ativo. 

Deside"r-io  m. ;  desire.  Aff.  -osa- 
me'nte,  -oso. 

*Desidia./  (L.,  <ite,  sedere,  lit.  long  sitting); 
laziness. 

Design-are,  -azione  (L.);  as  E. 
Desinar-acciO7«. ;/*•££.  of-e,  wretched  dinner. 

Desinar-e  (Disinare)  ind.  de'sino; 
i.  todine.  2.  as  s6.,  dinner.  3.  II  dopo 
— ,  the  afternoon.  4.  Non  accozzare  il 

—  colla  cena,  to  be  poor. 

Etyjn.  dub.  but  prob.  either  <**  disjunare,  < 
dis  and  L,  jejunus,  fasting,  like  Fr.  dtjevner,  <  de- 
and  je un,  or  <  **  decenare,  as  suggested  by  Diez, 
cp.  Pusignare,  <  **  postcenium,  v.  Littre,  suit  Diner, 
Skeat,  sub  Dine. 

Aff.   -atore,  -etto  dim.    vezz.,   -mo   dim.,    -one 
tiugm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 
*Desinea./;;  dinner. 

Desin&nza  f.  (L.  desinentia,<.desi- 
nere,  to  cease,  the  orig.  meaning  of 
sinere  having  been  "to  lay  down,"  v. 
Porre) ;  termination. 

Desi-o  (Disio,  Desire,  Desiro,  Disire, 


Disiro)  tn.  (bit.  desirium,  <  L.  desi- 
derium);  i.  desire.  2.  delightful  thing. 
Aff.  -osamdnte,  -oso. 

*Desipiente;  silly. 

*  Desire  m. ;  i.  =Desio,  desire,     ii.  object  of  de- 
sire. 

Desistenza/C;  (leg.)  non-suit. 
Desist-ere  (L.);  to  desist. 
Desol-are  ind.  desolo,  -atamente,   -azi6ne 
(L.,<A,  solus);  as  E. 

*  Desorrato ;—  Disonorato. 

*  Desortazioney?;  dissuasion. 

*  Despetto  m. ;  i.  =  Dispetto.    ii.  Vilipendio,  con- 
tempt.    As/<zr/. :  iii.  despised. 

*  Desplicable  ;  =  Dispregevole,  contemptible. 
*Desponsare;  to  betroth. 

Despot-a,  -icamente,  -ico,  -ismo  ;  as  E. 

Etym.  mlt.  despotus,  <  Gr.  Sf&nontfi,  master, 
cp.  Sanskr.  dasa.  pati,  lord  over  one's  enemies  or 
servants,  Sanskr.  diisami,  to  serve.  The  syllable 
TTOT  is  allied  to  Gr.  TTOCTI?,  husband,  Sanskr.  pati, 
lord,  L.  possitm=pot-suitt. 

*Despumare;  to  remove  the  skim. 

*  Despumazione  f. ;    i.    formation    of    skim, 
ii.  skimming,  removal  of  the  skim. 

Desquamazidne/;  (L.  squama,  a  scale) ;  (med.) 
as  E. 

*  Dessedarsi ;  to  throw  off  lethargy. 

D£ss-o  (L.  idem-ipsum) ;  his  very 
self.  Egli  e  — ,  it  is  he  himself.  Dite 
che  io  non  sia  — ,  as  an  asseveration, 
tell  me  I  am  not  myself  (if  the  case  is 
not  as  I  say).  Oh  !  cotesta  e  -a,  =  Oh  ! 
codesta  e  buona,  that  is  a  good  one  ! 
a  pretty  story ! 

Destare  ind.  difsto  (either  <  **de- 
ex-citare  or  ** dis-citare) ;  to  arouse, 
wake  up. 

*  Destatoio  m. ',  alarum  or  alarum-clock. 

Destin-are  ind.  desti'no  (L.,<de, 
**stanare,  causative  from  L.  stare,  cp. 
obstinare) ;  I.  to  destine.  2.  to  appoint. 

Aff.  -atario  addressee,  -azione,  -o. 

Destitu-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  dismiss. 
Aff.  -zione. 

D6sto  (It.  destare);  wide  awake. 

D&3tra/  (v.  Destro);  i.  right  hand. 
2.  right-hand  side.  3.  the  Right,  the 
Conservative  party.  4.  (mar.)  (a)  half 
the  crew  who  when  drawn  up  on  deck 
occupy  the  right  hand  side  and  corre- 
spond to  the  odd  numbers  in  the 
numbering,  Guardia  di  — ,  starboard 
watch,  (b}  =  Codetta,  warp,  spring. 

*  Destrale  m.  (L.)  ;  bracelet  on  the  right  wrist. 

*  Destrare ;  to  lead  a  horse  with  the  right  hand 
on  the  bridle. 

Destreggi-are  ind.  destrdggio;  to 
manage  cleverly.  Aff.  -atore. 

Destr6zza  / ;  dexterity. 

*  Destrier-ayC;  i.  —  -e.    ii.  (mar.)  transport-ship. 

Destri6r-e  or  -0  m.  (mlt.  dextrarius, 
the  horse  led  by  a  squire  with  his  right 
hand) ;  war-horse,  steed. 

Destrfna/^;  (cfietn.)  dextrine. 

D6stro  (L.  dexter,  cp.  Gr.  8f£irfpdr, 
comparative  form  of  Senior,  right,  Sanskr. 
daksha,  able,  from  a  root  expressing 
strength  as  right-handedness,  -v.  supra, 
sub  Decente) ;  i.  right.  2.  dexterous. 
As  sb. :  3.  opportunity. 


In  heraldry,  the  term  refers  to  the  right  side 
of  the  bearer  of  the  shield,  that  is  to  the  spectator's 
left. 

*i.  propitious.  ii.  happy,  iii.  right-handed, 
iv.  Avere  in  — ,  to  have  in  one's  power,  v.  —  cesso, 
privy. 


DESTROCHERIO— DIANTOS 


20 1 


Destrocherio  m.  (L.  dexter,  -f-  Gr.  x«i'p) ; 
i.  armlet.  2.  (herald.)  a  right  arm  painted  on  the 
shield,  entering  the  field  from  its  sinister  side,  z>. 
Sinistrocherio. 

*  Desudare  ;  to  ooze  out. 

Des-umere  perf.  -unsi,  part,  -unto ; 
to  deduce.  Aff.  -umibile. 

*Desvalente  ;  of  little  value. 

*  Des-viare  ;  — Sviare. 

*  Deta  /  //.  of  Dito. 

*  Detenere,    obsolete    except    in    participle,    v. 
Detenuto;  i.  to  hinder,     ii.   to  hold  fast.     iii.  =In- 
trattenere,  to  detain,     iv.  to  keep  (goods  for  sale). 

Detentdre  m. ;  i.  possessor  of  for- 
bidden articles.  2.  —  di  azioni,  share- 
holder. 


Detenuto  ;  detained  in  prison. 
Detenzidne  f.\   \,    imprisonment. 


2.    v.   De- 


Det&r-gere  ind.  -go,  perf.  -si,  part. 
-so  (L.,  v.  Tergere);  to  cleanse. 

Deterior-are    ind.    deterioro,   -aridne    (L.); 
as  E. 


religion.    3.  penitent,  of  a  given  priest,  one  who  goes 
to  him  for  confession.     Aff.  -am£nte. 

Devozion-e/:;  as  E.     Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Dezzeccolare  ;  to  remove  burrs  from  wool. 

Di  (L.)  ;  of.  Di  sopra,  as  adv.,  upstairs  ;  as  sb., 
upper  part. 

Di  m.  (L.  dies);  day.  *i.  Di  due  —  1'  uno, 
every  other  day.  ii.  D'  ogni  tre  —  1'  uno,  every 
third  day.  iii.  II  —  fra  — ,  towards  evening, 
iv.  Rimettere  nel  buon  — ,  to  excuse  a  person's 
tardiness. 

Di-  prefix;  i.  shorter  form  of  dis-,  g.v.  2.  <Gr. 
Si-,  for  Si?  twice,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Two. 

Dia-  prefix  ;  <  Gr.  5to,  through,  v.  Dis-. 
*Dia  m.  or/;  =  Di,  day. 

Diabet-e,  -icamente,  -ico;  (wed.)  as  E. 

Diabolic-amente,  -o  ;  as  E. 

*  Diacalamento  m.  (Gr.  &id,  *aAajLuc0o$);  (med,) 
mint  powder. 

*  DiacalciteX;  (wed.)  a  kind  of  plaster. 
Diacanto  (Gr.) ;  (bot.)  with  two  thorns  under 

each  leaf. 

*  Diacartarno  m,\  electuary  of  safflower. 

*  Diacattolicone  ;  (med.)  an  old  electuary. 

t  Diacciacudre  m.\  —  Crepacuore,  great  sorrow. 

Diacciaia   or    Ghiacciaia  / ; 
house. 


ice- 


Determin-abile,  -are  ind.  determine,  -ata-  *  Diacciale  ;«.;  =  *  Diaccio.  sheepfold 

mente,  -atezza,  -ativo,  -azibne  (L.) ;  as  E.  .  .  j  -•         . 


Deters-ivo,  -o  ;  v.  Detergere. 

Detest-abile,  -are  inti.  detesto,  -atdre, 
-at  rice,  -azi6ne  (L.  detestari,  to  execrate,  imprecate 
evil  by  calling  down  the  gods  to  witness,  <  de,  testis, 
witness);  as  E.  • 

Detonazidneyi;  as  E. 

Detr-arre  ind.  -aggo  -ai  -ae  -aiaino 
-ae'te  -aggono,  perf.  -assi,  part,  -atto  ; 

1.  to  take  away.     2.   to  detract.     Aff. 
-attore,  -azione. 

Detrimento  m.  (^.,<deterere,  to  rub  down, 
v.  Tritare) ;  as  E. 

Detronizzare ;  to  dethrone. 
Ddtta  f. ;  saying. 

*i.  debt.  ii.  debtor,  iii.  opportunity,  iv.  duty. 
y.  proposal,  vi.  good  luck,  esp.  at  cards,  vii.  Essere 
in  — ,  to  be  in  favour. 

Dettagli-are  (Fr.);  to  detail.  Aff. 
-atame'nte,  -o  sb. 

Dett-ame  m. ;  dictate.'  -are;  to 
dictate. 

Dettato    m, ;     i.    saying,    old   saw. 

2.  style,  of  writing. 

*i.  saying,  remark,  ii.  Lungo  — ,  lengthy  com- 
position. 

Dettatdre  m. ;  speaker  for  dictation.  *i.  writer, 
author,  ii.  secretary,  clerk,  iii.  =Dittatore,  dictator. 

Dettatura  f.\  dictation.  *i.  =  Dettato.  ii.  = 
Locuzione.  iii.  =  Dittatura,  dictatorship. 

•  Dettazione_/;=Dettame,  dictate. 

D&tto;  part.  Dire.  -  fatto,  no 
sooner  said  than  done.  As  sb.,  word, 
maxim,  opinion. 

Deturp-are  (L.);  to  disfigure.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

DeuterocanAnico  ;  pertaining  to  a  second 
Canon  of  inferior  authority,  the  Old  Testament 
apocrypha  and  the  New  Testament  Antilegomena. 

Deuterondmio  ?». ;  as  E. 

Devast-amento,  -are,  -at6rc,  -atrice, 
-azi6ne  (L. ,  v.  infra,  Vasto)  ;  as  E. 

•  Devecchiare  ;  =  Svecchiare. 

•  Devengiare  ;  to  revenge. 

De-venire  ind.  -vengo  -vie"ni  etc., 
•v.  Venire;  to  arrive  (at  a  resolution). 

•  Devesso  (L.  devexus) ;  sloping.    As  sb. :  i.  slope, 
ii.   concavity. 

Devi-are  ind.  devfo;  i.  as  E.  2.  to 
shunt.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azidne. 

•  Devitto  ^L.  dcvictvs)\  conquered. 
DevoluzidneyC;  as  E. 

Devdlvere  perf.  Devolv-6i  or  -etti  -esti  -ette  or 
e  -cmmo  •e'ste  -ettero  or  -erono,  parts,  -endo  -ente 
•uto  ;  to  devolve.  *  to  roll  down. 

Dev6t-o(L.,  v.  Voto);  i.  devoted.  2.  devout; 
Gente  che  dovresti  esser  -a,  D.  Purg.  6.  91,  you 
(priestly)  folk  who  ought  to  be  devoted  only  to 

H. 


Diacci-are,  Addiacci-are,  Gbiacci- 
-are  or  Agghi-acciare ;  i.  to  freeze. 
2.  to  make  ices.  3.  -ato,  marked  with 
clear  spots,  v.  Diaccio  (2).  *fig.  to 
lock  up. 

*  Diacciatino  m. ;  shop  for  iced  drinks  or  vendor 
thereof. 

Diacciato  m.  \  frost. 

Diacciatdre  m. ;  maker  of  iced 
drinks. 

Diacciatura  /. ;     i.    making    ices. 

2.  frosty   weather.     3.    character  -and 
arrangement  of  spots  in  stone,  v.  Diac- 
qio  (2). 

*Diaccido  ;  =  Diacciato,  frozen. 

Diaccio  or  Ghiaccio  m.  (A)  (bit. 
glacius,  for  L.  glades ^  a  kindred  word 
to  gelidus]\  i.  ice;  Di  — ,  off  the  ice, 
cooled.  2.  clear  white  spot  in  stone  or 
marble.  As  adj.  syncop.  for  Diacciato: 

3.  iced.     4.  dead.     5.  —  marmato,  icy 
cold. 

t(B)  (It.   dlacere);    sheepfold.     «(C);  (mar.)  = 

Giaccio,  tiller. 

Diacci61-oorGMacci61-pw.;  i.  icicle. 
As  adj.:  2.  (tooth)  sensitive  to  cold. 
3.  of  wood,  brittle;  of  pears  or  apples, 
gritty.  4.  Lattuga  -a,  a  hardy  variety 
of  lettuce.  5.  Erba  -a,  one  of  the 
goosefoots,  Chenopodium  vulvaria. 

*Diacci-ore  m.\  hard  weather. 
fDiaccito;  of food,=Tenero. 

Diacere  ;  pop.  for  Giacere,  to  lie.  Finestre  a  — , 
windows  wider  than  their  height. 

Diachilon  (D'  aquilon,  Diaquilonne)  m.  (Gr.); 
diachylon  plaster. 

*  Diaci  m. ;  variant  of  *  Diaccio  (C). 

*  Diacimino   nt.    (Gr.    Sid,    Kvfjuvov) ',    cummin 
powder. 

Diacine  !  euph.  for  Djavolo  !  deuce  ! 
Diacinto  »/.;  pop.  for  Giacinto, 
Diacituray^;  pop.  for  Giacitura. 
Diaciuto ;  part.  Diacere. 

*  Diacodio  m.   (Gr.  Sid,  K<o5eta,   poppy*head) ; 
opiate. 

Diacon-ale,  -ato,  -essa  ;  as  E. 

Diaconia/;  i.  office  of  Cardinal  deacon.  2.  in 
the  Greek  church  =  Elemosiniere. 

Diacono  m.  (L.,<Gr.  SiaKovo?,  servant,  root 
ken,  to  bustle)  ;  deacon. 

Diacope  f.  (Gr.) ;  i.  (fraw.)  separation  of  a 
word  into  two  parts.  2.  (surg.)  gash  in  the  skull. 

Djade/:(Gr.);  dyad. 

Diadema  ;//.,  formerlyy:  (Gr.  Sid,  5e'w,  to  bind) ; 
t.  diadem.  2.  aureole  of  a  saint.  3.  white  fillet  on 
the  forehead. 

*  i.  Cascar  la  diadema  (Jem.)  a  uno,  or  Cambiarla 
in   turbante,    to   abandon   a  saintly  life   for  one  of 
licence,    ii.  — •  porporino,  Cardinal's  hat.    iii.  turban. 


*Diadragante  m.\  electuary  of  tragacanth. 

Diafano  (Gr.);  diaphanous." 

*Diafenice  m.  (Gr.  5ta,  «^otnf,  date);  electuary 
of  dates. 

*Diafini-co  in. ;  some  kind  of  ointment. 
*Diaflagma  m.  ;  =  Diaframma. 
*Diafonia/  (Gr.);  discord. 
Diaf6nica_/C;  science  of  diacoustics. 
Diafor-esi  f.    (Gr.);    free   perspiration.     Aff. 
•etico. 

Diaframma  m.  (Gr.,<6id,  <^pa<rcrw,  to  fence 
in);  as  E. 

*  Djagengipvo  m.\  electuary  of  ginger. 
Diagnos-i,  -ticamente,  -tico(Gr.);  as  E. 
Diagonal-e,  -m^nte  ;  as  E. 

*Diagrante  w.;  =  Dragante,  tragacanth. 

*  Diagridio  m.   (Gr.   SaxpvSiov,  <  6o*pv,   tear) ; 
scammony. 

Diale  (L,);  belonging  to  Jupiter.  Apice  — , 
cap  of  the  Flanten  dialis. 

Dialett-ale  ;  of  a  dialect.  -ica/T;  dialectics. 
-icamente;  in  hair-splitting  fashion,  -ico;  adj. 
-o  m,\  dialect,  -61ogo;«.;  student  of  dialects. 

Dialisi/.  (Gr.);  i.  (g-retm.)(a)  separation  of  a 
sentence  into  two  parts  by  insertion  of  a  parenthesis, 
as  sen  gia  (ed  io  retro  gli  andava)  lo  duca,  D.  Inf. 
29.  16  ;  (b)  absence  of  the  usual  conjunctions,  as 
Dicenda  tacenda  locutus  (Horace).  2.  (med.)  (a) 
breach  of  continuity,  (b)  total  paralysis.  3.  (ckem.) 
dialysis,  separation  of  substances  by  diffusion  through 
a  membrane. 

*  Dialitico  ;  v.  Dialisi  (i)  and  (2). 
*Dialito  ;«.;  =  Dialisi  (i,  b). 

Diallage  f.  (Gr.);  i.  when  arguments  after 
having  been  considered  from  various  points  of  view 
are  all  brought  to  bear  upon  one  point.  2.  =  Verde 
di  Corsica,  a  mineral  composed  of  carbonate  of  man- 
ganese. 

Dialogare ;  -  Dialoghizzare. 

Dialog-hetto,  -hino  dims.^  -ico  adj.;  v.  -o. 

Dialogismo  m. ;  dialogue  reported 
with  the  phrases,  said  he,  said  1,  and 
so  on. 

Dialog-ista  or  -hista  m. ;  writer  of 
dialogues,  -istico ;  v.  -ismo.  -izzare  ; 

1.  to  throw  into  the  form  of  a  dialogue. 

2.  more  or  less  spreg.,  to  argue,     -o  m. ; 
as  £. 

*Dialtea/;  (Gr.  fitd,  oAtfai'a,  mallow);  ointment 
made  from  marsh  mallow. 

Diamant-e  m.  (L.,<Gr.  afia^ar,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Adamant);  i.  diamond;  A 
— ,  facetted  like  a  cut  diamond;  Di  — , 
firm  in  character;  A  punta  di  — ,  like 
a  four-sided  pyramid.  2.  slug  for  a  gun; 
Palle  a  -i,  shells  filled  with  slugs. 

3.  diamond  type,  v.  Carattere  (3). 

*Le  sue  budella  son  di  — ,  i.e.  he  holds  himself 
privileged. 

Diamant-fno  ;  i.  adj.    2.  as  sb. ,  dim.  of  -e. 

*  Diamarinata  /. ;  syrup  of  maraschino  cherries. 

*  Diambo  m.  ;=  Digiambo,  double  iambic. 
Diametr-ale,  -alm6nte,  -o  ;  as  E. 
Diamici  !  =  Diamine  !  deuce  ! 

Diamine  !  (a  fusion  between  Dia- 
volo  and  Domine,  adopted  as  a  euphe- 
mism); deuce! 

"  Diamoron  m.\  syrup  of  blackberries. 

*  Diamusco  m. ;  cordial  powder  containing  musk. 

Diana/;  i.  the  goddess.  2.  =Ve- 
nere,  the  planet  Venus,  as  morning  star. 

3,  Alia  bella  — ,  the  sky  being  clear. 

4.  Battere   la    — -,   (a)    to    sound    the 
reVeille*,  (b)  scherz.  to  have  the   teeth 
chattering  from  cold.     5.  Stella  — ,  in 
popular  songs,  morning  star,  i.e.  lover. 
6.  a  spring  supposed  to  exist  at  Siena, 
D.  Purg.  13.  153.    7.  (war.)  the  morning 
watch,  from  4  o'clock  to  8. 

Diandri ;  Fiori  — ,  flowers  with  two  stamens. 
DiandriayC;  (hot.)  Linnaeus 's  class  of  flowers 
with  two  stamens. 

Dianellayi;  (&>/.)  a  genus  of  Liliaceae.    *morn- 
ing  bell.     Alia  — ,  at  dawn. 
t  Diantine  ;  =  Diamine. 

Dianto  m.;  (bet.)  Dianthus. 
+  Diantos  m.\  electuary  of  rosemary. 

26 


202 


DIANZI— DIDASCALICO 


Dianzi  (L.  de,  ante) ;  a.  short  while 
ago. 

*  Diapalma  ;//.;  zinc  plaster. 
*Diapapavero  m.  •  electuary  of  poppies. 
*Diapasmay;;  scented  powder. 

Diapason  m.  (Gr.);  (mus.)  i.  octave. 

2.  compass  of  a  voice  or  instrument. 

3.  tuning   fork,   also   termed    Corista, 
Diapason   being   properly  the  French 
term. 

*  Diapenidio  »/.;  electuary  for  a  cough. 
Diapensia/:;  (*<tf.)=Sanicola,  samcle. 
Diapente  tn. ;  (mus.)  interval  of  a  fifth. 

*  Diapenton  m, ;  medicament  of  five  ingredients. 

*  Diaprassio  tn. ;  electuary  ofhorehound. 
Diaprato ;    (herald.)  =  Rabescato,    drawn    in 

arabesque. 

*  Diaprunis  m.',  electuary  of  prunes. 
Diaquilonne  m. ;  v.  Diachilon. 

Diaria/;  daily  allowance  for  travel- 
ling. 

Diario  «/. ;  diary.     *  As  rt/y/.,  =  Quotidiano. 

Diarista  m.',  writer  of  a  diary. 
•Diarodon  m.  (Gr.)|  electuary  of  hips. 

Diarrea/(Gr);  as  E. 

tDiascane,  Diaschece  or  Diaschigni  ;=Dia- 
mine,  deuce  ! 

*  Diascola  ;  Alia  — .  =  Al!a  peggio,  anyhow. 
Diascol-eto m.;ettpk.  for  Diavoleto.    -etto>«.; 

dim.    of  -o,   esp.   dim.    vezz.    for   lively   little  boy. 
-io  m. ;  eupk.  for  Diavolfo. 

Diascolo  m. ;  euph.  for  Diavolo. 

*  Diascordia  tn.  ;    electuary  of  Teucrivirt  scor- 
dium,  germander. 

*Diasebesto  m. ;  electuary  of  sebestan  plums. 
•Diasen-a^/C  or  -e  TO.;  electuary  of  senna. 
*Diasostaticay. ;  hygienic  medical  science. 
*Diaspid-eor  -o  m.;  jasper. 
•Diaspinetto  m. ;  some  kind  of  cloth. 

*  Diasp-isi,  -iso,  -o  ;  varieties  of  worked  silk. 
Diaspora  f.   or  -o  m.  (Gr.   4ia,   o-iret'pco,   to 

scatter) ;  a  mineral  crumbling  to  pieces  by  heat. 

Diaspr-o  m.  (L.  jaspis);  jasper. 
Aff.  -fno. 

DiastaSi/;  i.  movement  of  a  joint 
in  one  direction  like  that  of  the  elbow. 
2.  (vet.}  partial  dislocation  of  a  joint, 
producing  lameness. 

Diastasia  /.;  (cfu-m.)  diastase,  a  ferment  de- 
veloped during  the  germination  of  all  seeds  which 
has  the  power  of  converting  starch  into  dextrine  and 
then  into  sugar. 

*  D  iast  ema  m.  (Gr.) ;  (tuns.)  interval  of  one  note. 

*  Diastilo  m. ;  row  of  columns  at  intervals  equal 
to  three  times  the  diameter  of  the  columns. 

Diastole/  (Gr.);  i.  relaxation  of 
the  heart  muscle,  allowing  the  blood  to 
enter.  2.  (gram.)  lengthening  of  a 
short  vowel.  3.  mark  of  separation  of 
syllables. 

*  Diata  f. ;  =  Giornata,  day. 

Diaterm-ano  or  -icp ;  diathermanous,  trans- 
parent to  heat.  Aff.  -anzia  or  -asia/.,  penetrative 
property  of  a  ray. 

Diatesi/  (Gr.);  morbid  condition. 
*  constitution. 

*  Diatesseron  tn.  (Gr.)  ;  i.  (mus.)  interval  of  four 
tones,     ii.  (pkarm.)  a  tonic  electuary. 

Diatdnico  (Gr.) j  as  E. 

Diatrfba  /  (L.,<Gr.);    i.    as   E. 

2.  dissertation. 

*  Diatriompipereon  m.;  electuary  of  pepper. 
Diavola/;  i.  she-devil.    2.  in  good  sense,  of 

a  girl  who  is  excessively  vivacious. 

Diavol-accio  «.;  i.  fegg.  of  -o.  2.  in  good 
sense,  sturdy  person.  3.  an  umbrella-shaped  bird- 
net  used  with  a  lantern  placed  inside. 

Diavolerfa /!;  i.  devilment    2.  tangled  affair. 

3.  fantastic  thoughts. 

Diavol-e'sco  adj.,  -£ssa  fern,  of  -o. 

Diavoleto  m. ;  uproar,  noisy  dispute.  Fare  un 
— ,  to  make  a  great  disturbance. 

Diavol-ettaciom.;  Jim.  fegg.  of -o. 

Diavol-etto  or  -ino  m.;  i.  dan.  vezz.  of  -o. 
2.  curl-paper. 

Diavolio  m.;  great  crowd,  hubbub. 


Diavolo  m.  (Gr.  8ia/3oAor,  slanderer); 
devil.  —  di  mare,  angler  fish,  v.  Lofio. 
Pezzo  di  — ,  big  fellow. 

Phrases  :  i.  Avere  il  —  in  corpo,  or 
addosso,  to  be  very  lively.  2.  Aver  il  — 
nell'  ampolla,  to  get  out  of  every  diffi- 
culty successfully.  3.  Buon  — ,  good 
sort  of  chap.  4.  Aver  un  —  per  capello, 
or  per  occhio,  to  be  in  a  bad  temper. 
5.  Saper  dove  il  —  tien  la  coda,  to  be 
very  crafty.  6.  Tirare  le  orecchie  al  — , 
to  play  at  cards.  7.  Far  la  parte  del 
— ,  to  be  the  devil's  advocate,  i.e.  to 
contradict  for  the  sake  of  drawing  the 
speaker  out.  8.  Fare  il  —  a  quattro, 
or  il  —  e  peggio,  to  shrink  from  nothing 
in  attaining  one's  end.  9.  Una  cosa 
non  e  riuscita.  il  —  affatto,  the  devil  has 
not  quite  got  the  best  of  it,  a  mode  of 
praising  oneself,  as  Ecco  questo  vocabo- 
lario  mi  pare  che  non  debba  riuscire  il 
—  affatto,  well,  I  don't  think  the  devil 
will  quite  have  the  best  of  it  with  this 
dictionary,  io.  —  d'  un  uomo,  wide 
awake,  all  there. 

Provs.  Non  ci  anderebbe  il  —  per 
un'  anima,  a  mode  of  describing  a  road 
as  very  bad.  Un  —  scaccia  1'  altro, 
i.e.  one  trouble  causes  another  to  be 
forgotten. 

Aff.  Diavol-one,  -ona,  augvns. 
*Dibandon-are ;    to   abandon,      -arsi,  to   lose 
heart. 

*  Dibarbare  ;   i.  =  Sbarbare,  to  uproot,     ii.  =  Far 
la  barba,  to  shave,    iii.  =  Distruggere,  to  destroy. 

Dibassare  ;=Sbassare,  to  cheapen. 

*  Dibastare  (It.  basto,  pack-saddle);  to  unsaddle. 

Dibatt-ere /*•>/  -€\,part.  -uto;  i.  to 
beat  up.  2.  to  flutter.  3.  of  the  teeth, 
to  chatter  from  cold.  4.  fig.  to  debate, 
discuss.  5.  -ersi,  to  struggle. 

DibatWmento  m. ;  disputation,  esp. 
that  of  counsel  in  a  criminal  trial.  C'  e 
stato  il  — ,  the  proceedings  are  finished. 

Dibattito  m.;  \.  fluttering.  2.  de- 
bating. 

*Dibattitoip  »i. ;  =  Sistro,  rattle. 
tDibisciarsi  (It.  biscia,  snake);  to  writhe. 

*  Dibonare  (Fr.);  good-natured. 

Dibosc-are  ind.  dibosco  (It.  bosco) ; 
to  clear.  Aff.  -amento. 

*  Dibottare  ;  =  Dibattere. 

*  Dibrancare  ;  —  Sbrancare. 

*  Dibrucare  ;=  Potare,  to  prune. 

*  Dibruciare  ;  =  Abbruciare,  to  burn. 

*  Dibruscare  ;  t.y.  Dibrucare. 

*  Dibucare  ;  —  Hucare,  to  make  a  hole. 

*  Dibucci-are ;  =  Sbucciare,  to  peel.     -arsi  =  Ar- 
rovella_rsi,  to  get  angry. 

*  Diburr-are;  — Sburrare.     -ata;  thin  (woman). 

*  Dibusciare  ;  =  Abbozzare. 

Dicac-e(L-);  i.  satirical.  2.  chatter- 
ing. Aff.  -ita. 

•Dicalvare;  i.f.  Decalvare. 

*  Dicare  ;  to  dedicate. 

Dicarico.  La  — ,  short  for  La  polizza 
di  carico,  bill  of  lading. 

Dicastero  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.) ;  depart- 
ment of  government,  or  of  a  large  office. 

*  Dicastro  m. ;  fortress. 

Dicatti  (Dicatto);  Aver  — ,  to  have 
all  one  can  expect. 

Etym.  Proi>.<lj.  de,  capto,<captare,  to  try 
after,  whence  capius,  and  captura,  gain,  wages, 
alms. 

*  Diccipare ;  -  Sciupare,  to  squander. 


•Dicco  m.;  variant  of  Diga,  dyke. 
*Dicedere;  i.  to  deceive,     ii.  to  hide. 
*DiceIiay;;  farce. 
Dicembre  ;  pop.  for  Decembre. 

Dicentr-are  ind.  dicdntro ;  to  de- 
centralise. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Dicerfa/;  i.  long  discourse.  2.  tittle- 
tattle. 

•Dicertare  (L.);  to  fight, 

Dicervell-are  or  Discervellare  ind. 
dicervello ;  to  confuse  one's  brain ; 
-arsi,  to  rack  one's  brains. 

*  Dicesso ;  far  away. 

Dic6vol-e ;  nice.    Aff.  -dzza,  -me'nte. 

Dicbiar-are  (L.  declarare) ;  i.  to 
declare,  to  explain.  2.  In  the  public 
lotteries  to  specify  the  order  in  which 
the  numbers  played  are  to  be  arranged ; 
Ambo  -ato,  a  specified  doublet,  v.  Lotto. 
*to  lighten  a  colour. 

Aff.  -atame'nte,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azion- 
cella  dim.,  -azione. 

*  Dichiarire ;    i.    to   clear    up.      ii.    to   decide 
judicially,     iii.    A  — ,  at  random. 

*Dichin-arej  i.  =  Declinare.  ii.  =  Traviare. 
iii.  =  Decadere.  iv.  to  partake  of  the  character  of. 
v.  to  humble  oneself,  vi.  .ante,  with  a  propensity 
for. 

Dichiocciarsi ;  of  a  hen,  to  quit  her  eggs. 

Diciann6v-e;  nineteen.     Aff.  -esimo. 
*Trarre  — ,  to  be  very  lucky,  lit.  to  make  nine- 
teen, with  three  dice,  eighteen  being  of  course  the 
maximum  possible. 

Diciannovino  m.\  a  papal  coin  =  i^  quattrini. 

Diciassett-e;  seventeen.     Aff.  -esimo. 

Dicfbile;  speakable. 

*  Dicigliare ;    to    plough    down    the    ridges   of 
ploughed  ground. 

*  Dicimare  ;    to  lop,  to   reap  maize  a   second 
time,  cutting  the  stalks  short. 

Dicioccare  ind.  diciocco  (It.  ciocca);  to  thin 
the  foliage  of  trees,  tto  break  up  hard  ground. 

Diciott-enne  ;  eighteen  years  old. 
-esimo  ;  eighteenth. 

Dici6tto ;  I.  eighteen.  2.  --  di 
vino,  a  phrase  of  emphasis  when  a 
person  is  obstinately  bent  upon  some- 
thing ;  Dite  pure :  £  sempre  —  di  vino 
per  lui,  speak  out;  we  may  be  sure  he 
has  made  up  his  mind ;  Quando  ha 
detto  una  cosa,  —  di  vino,  e  H,  when 
he  has  said  a  thing  you  may  be  quite 
sure  he  is  not  going  to  alter  it.  3.  Fra1  — 
e  i  diciannove,  very  short  in  one's  breath, 
v.  Marcello. 

*i.  Tener  1'invitodel  — ,  (a)  to  be  very  loquacious, 
(<)  to  be  persevering,  ii.  Trar — ,  =  Far  —  con  tre 
dadi,  v.  Dado  (i). 

Dicitdre  m. ;  speaker,  —  in  rima, 
poet.  *actor. 

Dicitura  /;  phrasing,  mode  of 
speaking. 

t  Diciversivo ;  =  Diverse. 

*Dicivers-o;  Alia  -a,  =  A  rovescio.  Rimanere 
alia  -a(  =  Scontrariato,  nonplussed. 

Diclin-io;  (hot.)  unisexual.    Aff.  -ismo. 

*  Dicoll -are  ;  i.  =  Decollare,  to  decapitate,    ii.  of 
a  corn-stalk,  -arsi,  to  break  at  the  neck. 

*  Dicolp-are  ;  to  cut  up.   -arsi,  to  kill  each  other. 
Dicontra^/;  (tttar.)  skysail. 

Dtcoreo ;  Piede  — ,  double  trochee. 
Dicoria_X;  chorus  divided  into  two  sections. 

*  Dicorrere ;  i.  to  pass  by.    ii.  to  run  about. 

*  Dicorso  m. ;  =  Cavallone,  big  wave. 
Dicotiledone  ;  (fat.)  as  E. 

•Dicrescioney:;  abasement, 
'Dicrinare;  i.  =  Declinare.    ii.  to  narrate. 

Dicr6-ico,   -ismo;    as   E. ;    the    property  of 
showing  different  colours  when  viewed  in  different 
directions,  exhibited  by  doubly  refracting  crystals. 
•Dicrollare  ind.  dicr5Uo;  =  Crollare. 

Didascalic-0  (Gr.,  v.  supra,  sut  Decenle); 
instructive.  Aff.  -amente. 


DIDATTICO—DILANI  ATRICE 


Didattic-o  (Gr.);  didactic.     Aff.  -amente. 
Did6ntro  ;  i.q.  Dentro,  inside. 

Didiacci-are  (It.  diaccio);  to  melt. 
Aff.  -am^nto. 

Dfdimo  (Gr.);  (tot.)  twin,  growing  in  pairs. 

Didotto  ;  part,  of  Didurre. 

Didramma  m. ;  tax  paid  by  a  Jew  to  the 
Roman  government  on  reaching  the  age  of  twenty. 

Didurre  ;=  Dedurre. 

•Die  m.;  i.  =  Di,day.     ii.=Dio,God.     As  verb  : 
iii.  —  Dici,  thou  sayest,  D.  Purg.  25.  36. 
*  Dieccioldi  ;  =  Dieci  soldi. 
•Diece-peday:,  or  -piede  m.;  ten.foot  rod. 
Dieci  (L.  decem);  ten.     I  — ,  Council  often. 
Dieciata  f.;  spreg.  for  Diecina. 

Diecfna/;  set  often. 

Diecf.no  or  pop.  Diecidne  m. ;  ten 
centesimi  or  article  of  that  value. 

Diedro  (Gr.);  dihedral,  having  two  plane  faces 

Diel;  contr.  for  Dio  il. 

Dielmeriti ;  may  God  reward  you. 

Dieresiy:  (Gr.) ;  separation  of  a  diphthong  into 
two,  or  the  two  dots  indicating  the  same. 

Diesi  or  Diesis  m.  (Gr.  jfan;) ;  (mus)  diesis, 
raising  of  a  note,  or  the  mark  therefor. 

Dieta/  (A)  (L.  diaeta,<Gr.  ilaira, 
regimen) ;  diet,  regulated  mode  of  life. 

•Tener  gli   occhi   a   — ,   to  keep   one's   eyes   to 
oneself. 

(B)  (bit.  rfi>/(7,<L.  diaeta,  which  was  taken  by 
popular  etymology  to  be  from  dies,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Diet,  so  that  dieta  meant  a  day's  work,  day's  allow- 
ance, day's  journey,  etc.,  and  from  the  sense  of  day 
of  meeting  for  the  Diet  gave  its  title  to  the  Diet 
itself);  Diet,  assembly  for  solemn  discussion. 

li.  day.     ii.  =Diaria,  day's  allowance. 

*  Dietamente ;  quickly. 

*Djetelo;  =  Telodiedi. 
Dietetic-ay:;  dietetics.    Aff.  -o. 

Dietreggiare  ind.  dieti-e"ggio ;  =  In- 
dietreggiare,  to  retire. 

Dietro  (Drieto,  Dreto)  (L.  de,  + retro, 
—  **red-tro,  where  red-  or  re-  is  the 
Latin  root  of  repetition  or  reversal  and 
-tro  for  -tero  the  comparative  as  in  Gr., 
e.g.  <ro(f><u-Tfpo-s,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Retro-) ; 
i.  adv.,  back.  2.  prep.,  behind.  3.  Avere 
il  viso,  la  faccia  di  — ,  to  be  ashamed 
of  nothing.  4.  Non  avere  il  viso 
volto  di  — ,  of  a  woman,  to  be  good- 
looking.  5. ,  without  intermis- 
sion. 6.  Star  —  a,  to  pay  attention 
to.  7.  Dir  — ,  to  murmur  behind  a 
person's  back.  8.  —  a,  engaged ;  E  — 
a  tradurre  una  parte  d'  Aristotele,  he  is 
engaged  in  translating  a  piece  of  Aris- 
totle. 9.  Andare  — ,  to  follow,  imitate. 

Difalcare;  v.  Defalcare. 
*Difaldare;  =  Sfaldare,  to  split. 

Difendere  perf.  difdsi,  part.  dife"so 
(L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Defend) ;  i.  to  defend, 
protect ;  E'  si  difende,  he  maintains  his 
position,  is  not  getting  into  debt ;  Come 
vanno  gli  affari  ?  Non  ci  son  belle  cose ; 
e'  mi  difendo,  how  is  business  ?  Not  too 
bright ;  however,  I  pay  my  way ;  I  boz- 
zoli  si  difendono  bene  quest'  anno,  the 
cocoons  are  standing  well  this  year. 

2.  (herald.)  Difeso,  having  the  tusk  or 
horn  of  a  different  colour  from  the  rest 
of  the  figure,  in  the  case  of  a   boar, 
elephant  or  unicorn.    For  other  animals 
the  phrase  used  is  dentato. 

Aff.  Difen-dfbile,  -sivq.  -sore. 
*Dlferire;  =  Deferire,  Confidare. 

Dife's-a/;  i.  defence.  2.  (mar.) 
fender;  -e  d'  imbarcazione,  boat-pads. 

3.  (vet.)  —  del  cavallo,  trying  to  get 


out  of  hand.     4.  (mar.)  —  delle  sartie, 
"  Scotchman." 

Dife"so ;  part.  Difendere. 
Difett-are,  -ivo,  v.  -o. 
Difett-o  m.  (L.);    i.    defect,  fault. 
2.    want;    Far  — ,  to  fail. 

Aff.  -osame'nte,  -dso,  -uccio  dim.,  -uolo  dim. 

*  Diffalcare  ;=  Defalcare. 

*  Diffaldare  ;  =  Sfaldare,  to  slice  up 

*  Diffallare ;  =  Fallare,  to  fail. 
*Diffaltay:;=Mancanza,  default. 

Diffam-are  ;  i.  to  defame.  2.  -ato, 
(herald.)  tailless  or  otherwise  mutilated 
(animal),  reversed  (arms).  Aff.  -atore, 
-atrice,  -at6rio,  -azi6ne. 

Differen-te,  -temente,  -za,  -ziale,  -ziare, 
-zuccia  dim.  spreg.;  as  E. 

Differ-ire  ind.   -isco   (L.  differre); 

1.  to  differ.    2.  to  postpone.    Aff.  -(bile, 
-ime'nto. 

•Differmare;  to  confute. 

Diffic-ile  (L.,<de,  facilis);  difficult.  Aff. 
-lletto  or  -ilino  dim.,  -ilmente,  -iluccio  dim.,  -olla./, 
•oltare  ind.  difficolto  to  make  difficult,  -oltoso  full  of 
difficulties. 

Difffda  /;  (leg.)  v.  Diffidare  (2). 
*  =  Sfida,  challenge. 

Diffid-are  (It.  disfidare,  cp.  old  Fr. 
desfier,  Fr.  defer);  i.  to  mistrust. 

2.  (leg.)  to  give  public  notice  of  a  thing 
for  the  information   of  all  concerned. 

3.  -ato,  given  up  by  the  doctors,  HSU. 
Spedito. 

'i.  to  take  hope  away.    ii.  =  Sfidare,  to  challenge. 

Diffid-ente  ;  distrustful.  Aff.  -ente- 
me'nte,  -enza. 

>imgnere;  =  Dissimulare,  to  dissemble. 
*  Diffino  a  tanto  che ;  until. 


<  dif-  for  dis-, 
diffuse. 


-us\,part.  -uso  (L., 
fundere  to  pour)  ;   to 


Difform-are  ind.  diff6rmo,  -ita;  to 
deform,  etc. 

Diffrangere  perf.  diffransi,  part. 
diffratto  (L.  diffringere,  to  shatter);  to 
diffract.  Aff.  Diffrazione ;  the  term 
refers  to  the  changes  undergone  by  a 
ray  of  light  in  passing  close  to  the  edge 
of  an  opaque  substance. 

•Diffreno;  In  — ,  with  the  reins  loose. 

Diffus-amente,  -idne,  -ivo,  -o;  as  E 

Difi-care,  -cio;  =  Edifi-care,  -zio. 
*Dificioso;  cunningly  made. 
(•  Difigurato  ;  with  tiers  of  figures. 
*DifiT-are;   i.  =Sfilare,  to  unravel.     2.   -arsi,  to 
go  quickly. 

Difilato  adv. ;  Andare,  to  go  straight, 
without  pausing. 

Difillo  (Gr.);  (tot.)  with  two  leaves. 

Difinire;  i.  to  perfect,     ii.  —  Definire. 
*  Diforano  (It.  di  fuori) ;  exterior. 

Difrige  m.  (Gr.  Si-,  <frpvyio,  to  roast);  copper 
slag. 

Difter-ite  or  Dister-ite/  (Gr.  Ji^SeW  pre- 
pared hide,<«f<f><»,  to  soften);  diphtheria.  Aff.  -ico. 

Diga  /  (old  Dutch  dik) ;  dyke. 

Digamma  ;  the  early  Greek  letter  F. 

Diger-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <di,  gero, 
to  carry  in  different  directions) ;  to  di- 
gest. 

Aff.  -Tbile,  -ibilita,  Digest-ione,  -ivo. 
Digestire;  i.  =  Digerire.     ii.  to  set  in  order. 
Dtgesto  m.;  the  Digest  of  Justinian. 

Dighiacciare ;  i.q.  Didiacciare,  to 
thaw. 

t  Dighido  ;  Alia  — ,  =  Alia  buscherona,  splendidly. 
Digiambo  m.;  double  iambic. 


203 

Diginio;  (hot.}  with  two  pistils. 
"  Digiogare ;  to  unyoke. 

Digidne  ;  Dijon,  in  France. 

Digitale;  i.  f.  (tot.)  foxglove,  Digitalis. 
2.  adj.  digital. 

DigitazidneyC;  (mus.)  fingering. 

Dlgito  m.  (L.);  (astr.)  twelfth  part  of  the  sun's 
diameter. 

*  i.  finger,  ii.  as  a  measure,  the  sixteenth  part 
of  a  foot.  in.  (arithm.)  digit. 

Digiun-are;  to  fast.    Aff.  -at6re. 

Digiune  m.  (Fr.) ;  luncheon. 

Digiiino  adj.  or  sb.  (L.  jejunus,  for 
**  edi-unus,  <  roots  ed,  eating,  and  uno, 
wanting,  cp.  Gr.  e3vis,  bereft,  E.  wane, 
L.  vanus)  •  i.  fasting ;  —  delle  campane, 
the  time  when  the  church  bells  are  not 
rung,  viz.  in  Holy  week.  2.  (anat.) 
jejunum.  *lacking. 

Diglifo  m.  (Gr.);  (arch.)  diglyph,  double 
groove. 

Digni-ta,  -tario;  as  E.;  for  etym.  v.  Degno. 
Arme  dl  — ,  (herald.)  arms  belonging  to  an  office, 
not  to  the  family  of  the  holder. 

Dignitds-o;  dignified.    Aff.  -amente. 

Digocciare ;  to  fall  drop  by  drop 
"Digozzare;   i.  =  Sgozzare.    ii.    to  take  off  the 
Oorgiera. 

Digradare  ind.  digrado;  i.  to  fall 
gradually.  2.  (paint.)  to  grade  colours 
from  light  to  dark.  3.  to  diminish  in 
apparent  size  by  distance. 

*i.    to  diminish  in  absolute  size.      ii.    to  sink, 
morally,     iii.    tr.  to  degrade. 
4f.  Digrad-amento,  -azione. 
Digramma  m. ;  two  letters  with  one  sound,  like 
K.  j)h. 

Digranare;=Sgranare,  to  take  out  the  grains. 
Digrappolare ;  to  strip  a  vine  of  its  clusters. 

Digrassare ;  to  remove  fat  or  grease 
from. 

Digred-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  parts. 
-ito  *digresso  ;  to  digress. 

Digression-e  /.;  as  E.  Aff.  -cella  or  -cina, 
dim. 

*  Digresso  ;    i.   fart.   Digredire.     ii.    si.  =  Di- 
gressione. 

Digrign-are  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Grin,  the  di-  is  an  idle  prefix);  to 
gnash  the  teeth.  Aff.  -ame"nto. 

Digross-are  (Disgrossare)  ind.  di- 
grosso ;  i.  to  reduce  in  size.  2.  to  rough 
hew.  3.  fig.  to  teach  rudimentarily. 
Aff.  -amifnto,  -atore. 

Digr6sso;  In — ,  approximately. 

Digrumayl;  voracity,  gluttony. 
Digrumale  m.;  first  stomach,  in  rumina 


.  -atdre,  -atora,  -atrice. 
*  Diguastare  ;=  Guastare. 


Diguazz-are  (It.  guazzare) ;  to  shake 
up. 

*  i.  to  wallow,     ii.  -arsi  nel  manico,  to  vacillate. 

*  Diguisare  (Fr.  d(guiser) ;  to  disguise. 
*Digusciare;  =  Sgusciare,  to  shell. 
*Dilacc-are;  i.   to  cut  off  the  leg  of  a  carcase, 

v.  Lacca  (B).     ii.  -arsi,  to  tear  oneself  open,  D.  Inf 
28.  30. 

*Dilacciare;  =  Slacciare,  to  unlace. 

Dilacerare;  i.q.  Lacerare. 

Dilagare  ind.  dilago;  to  form  a  lake 
or  tr.  to  flood. 

*  Dilaiare ;  to  delay. 

*  Dilamare  ;  i.  =  Smottare,  to  crumble,    ii.   to 
form  a  lake,  v.  Lama. 

Dilaniare  (L.,  v.  Lagnanza);  to  tear 
to  pieces. 

Dilaniatrice ;     Polvere    — ,    quick 
burning  powder. 

26 — 2 


204 


DILAPIDARE-  DINOTARE 


Dilapid-are  ind.  dilapido  (L.) ;  to 
squander,  to  ruin,  lit,  to  pull  down  the 
stones  of  a  wall.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore, 
-atora,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*Dilappolare;  to  remove  the  Lappole. 

*  Dilassezza/I;=Lassezza,  Debolez/a. 

*  Dilassu  ;  from  above. 

Dilat-are  ind.  dildto  (L,);  to  dilate,  to  extend. 
Aff.  -abile,  •ame'nto,  -atorio  as  E.,  -azidne. 

Dilav-are  ind.  dilavo  (L.);  i.  to 
wash  out.  2.  to  wash  away.  3.  Scrit- 
tore  -ato,  washy  writer.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atamdnte. 

Dtlazion  -are;  to  postpone.   Aff.  -cella (//;«.,  -e. 
t  Dilicine  ;  =  Dilegine,  thin. 
*Dilefiarc;  to  burst. 

Dileggi-are  ind.  dildggio  ;  to  make 
a  mock  of,  to  scoff  at. 

Etym.  Either,  (i)  a  variant  of  Dileticare,  or, 
(z)< Provenc,.  desleyar=o\A  Fr.  d^sleiier<i\>\\..  **de- 
ex-ligare,  to  outlaw,  hence  to  discredit  and  so  to 
ridicule,  or,  (3)<old  It.  Dilegione,  which  is<  L. 
deliciuM)  in  sense  of  subject  of  merriment. 

AjflT.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Dileggino  m,\  wooer  in  mockery. 

Diteggio  m. ;  scoff,  jibe,  v.  Dileggi- 
are. 

•Dilegine;  flabby.    t  =  Smilzo,  thin. 

Etym.  Cogn.  B.  Ital.  'ndilecu,  Sardin.  diligttt 
<  L.  dcliculus  (c/*.  modine  <  modulus),  dim.  of 
delicus,  weaned,  for  ** detafos,<de-  and  lac,  milk. 

*  Dilegione,  Diligione./;=Dileggio. 

Dilegu-are  ind.  dildguo  (from  some 
bit.  form  such  as  ** disliquare ;  there  is 
an  actual  disliquidus  given  by  Du 
Cange) ;  to  scatter  (a  mist),  -arsi,  to 
vanish  away,  or  simply  to  go  away. 

Dileguo  m. ;  Andare  in  — ,  to  dis- 
appear. 

Dilemma  m.  (Or.);  as  E. 

*  Dilenquire;-Sdilinquire,  to  languish. 

*  Dileticare  (L.  de  intensive  +  **Uticare,  v.  Sol- 
leticare) ;    to  tickle. 

Dilettante  m. ;  the  word  is  used  in  English 
with  its  correct  Italian  meaning. 

Dilett-are  ind.  diletto  (L.  dilectare, 
freq.  of  delicere,  v.  Delizia) ;  to  delight. 
*to  love.  Aff.  -azione,  -dvole,  -evol- 
mente. 

Dilett-o  ;  beloved.  As  sb.,  delight. 
Aff.  -osamdnte,  -oso. 

*  Dilevarsi ;  to  go  away. 

Dilezidne  / ;  spiritual  love. 
Dilibrarsi;  to  become  out  of  balance. 

*  Dilicciare ;  to  provide  with  Licci,  warp  cords. 
Diligen-te,  -temente ;  as  E. 
Diligenza/;;  i.  as  E.     2.  mail-coach. 

*  Diligere  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Diligent)  ;  to  love. 

*  DiligioneyC;  v.  Dilegione. 

*  Dilimarsi ;  to  flow. 

Dilin  ;  itnit.  of  the  sound  of  a  bell. 
*Dilinquere   (Dilinquire)  ;  =  Sdilinquire,    to  be- 
come tired. 

*  Diliquid-are  ;    to    dissolve,      -arsi,    to    show 
itself. 

Diliscare  ;  to  remove  the  Lische,  v.  Lisca. 
Diliscatoio  m. ;  hatchel,  flax-comb. 

*  Diliticare  ;  v.  Dileticare. 

*  Diliverare  (v.  Deliberare);  i.  to  resolve,    ii.  to 
settle  (a  dispute),    iii.  to  hand  over.    iv.  to  deliver, 
v.  to  make  disappear,     vi.  to  put  an  end  to. 

Dilizia;  -'.  Delizia. 

Diloggiare  ind.  diloggio ;  =  Slpggiare. 

*  Dilogia  f.;  i.  rhetorical  repetition  of  a  phrase. 
ii.  a  pair  of  plays  in  sequence. 

Dilollare  ind.  dilollo ;  to  remove  the 
Lolla,  chaff. 

Dilomb-arsi  ind.  mi  dilombo ;  to 
strain  one's  back  (lit.  loins),  -ato,  fig. 
nerveless,  usu.  Slombato.  Aff.  -atura. 

*  Dilongarsi  ;=  Dilungarsi. 

Dilontanare;-- Allontanare,  to  remove. 


Dilucid-are  ;  to  clear  up.     Aff.  -azione. 
*  Diluculo  m.  ;  early  dawn. 

Dilu-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  parts. 
-ito  *diluto  (L.) ;  —  un  po'  di  tamarindo, 
to  dissolve  a  little  tamarind  in  water. 
—  poche  idee  in  un  mar  di  parole,  to 
mix  up  a  few  ideas  in  an  ocean  of 
words,  -ente,  (med.)  diluent,  calculated 
to  dilute  the  blood. 

Dilungare ;  i.  to  lengthen  out. 
2.  to  remove  farther  away  ;  L'  uomo... 
da  se  dilunga  il  segno,  a  man. ..is  re- 
moving farther  away  the  mark  (at  which 
he  is  aiming),  D.  Purg.  5.  17. 

*  i.  to  postpone,     ii.  =  Durare,  to  endure. 

Dilungo;  A  — ,  =  Difilato,  straight- 
way. Tirar  — ,  ^>.  Lungo.  Lavorare 
a  — ,  in  printing,  to  compose  type  with- 
out paging  it.  As  s6.,  a  compositor 
employed  in  this  way. 

Dilustrare ;  to  take  away  the  polish 
of  clothes. 

Diluvi-are;  i.  to  rain  in  a  deluge. 
2.  to  eat  in  like  manner.  Aff.  -at6re, 
-at6ra. 

Diluvio  m.  (L.) ;  i.  deluge.  2.  enor- 
mous eater.  3.  a  net,  iike  a  Bertuello 
but  much  larger. 

Diluvi6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  i.  enormous 
and  clumsy  eater.  2.  fig.  one  who  takes 
more  work  than  he  can  manage. 

*  Dima  f. ;  week. 

Dimacchiare  ;  =  Diboscare,  to  clear. 

Dimagrare,  Dimagrire  (Dimacrare, 
Dimagherare) ;  to  make  or  become  thin. 
Aff.  Dimagramdnto. 

Dimandare;  v.  Domandare. 
Dimani ;  v.  Domani. 

*  Dimembrare,  Demembrare  ;  to  dismember, 
to  cut  up. 

Dimen-are  ind.  dimdno ;   to  shake. 
-lo  m. ;  constant  shaking. 
Dimensioned:  (L.);  as  E. 

Dimentic-aggine  /  ;  habitual  for- 
getfulness.  -anza/;  forgetfulness.  -are 
ind.  dimdntico ;  to  forget,  -atdio  adj. ; 
Mettere  nel  -atoio,  to  forget  all  about 
(it).  -0  ;  forgetful,  *deranged  ;  -6ne, 
-6na,  augms.  of  -o  (L.  de,  mens,  with 
frequent,  suffix). 

*  Dimentire  ;  to  give  the  lie  to. 

*  Dimergolare ;  ~  Barcollare,  to  totter. 

*  Dimessey:  //. ;  Venetian  religious  sisters. 

Dime'sso;  part.  Dimettere.  As  adj., 
humble.  *  neglected. 

Dimesticare  ind.  dimestico ;  =  Addo- 
mesticare,  to  domesticate. 

Dimestico  and  de riv. ;  —  Domestico,  etc. 
Dimetro ;  (verse)  of  four  iambics. 

Dime'tt-ere  perf.  dimisi  or  dimdssi, 
part,  dimdsso;  i.  to  dismiss;  -ersi,  to 
resign.  2.  —  un  debito,  to  remit  a  debt, 
to  cancel  it.  3.  to  forgive  an  injury. 

*i.  not  to  keep  (a  promise),  ii.  to  repeal  (a  law), 
iii.  to  out  aside,  to  neglect,  iv.  -ersi,  to  change 
one's  opinions,  v.  to  abase,  vi.  of  a  sewer,  =  Scari- 
care,  to  discharge,  intr. 

Dimezz-are  ;  to  divide  into  halves. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Dimicare  ;—  Nemicare,  to  be  an  enemy  to. 


*Dimino  in. ;  i.  =Dominio.  ii.  A  suo  — ,  just 
as  he  pleases,  iii.  =  Domino,  iv.  Giostrare  a — ,  to 
tilt  for  the  mastery. 

Diminu-ire  ind.  -isco  -isci  -isce  -iamo  -ite 
-iscono,  perf.  -ii,  parts,  -ito  *  diminutp  (L.) ;  i.  as  E. 
2.  to  grow  thin.  Aff.  -ibile,  -tivo,  -zione. 

Dimissionario  (Fr.) ;  resigned,  re- 
tired. 

Dimissidne/ ;  i.  dismissal.  2.  resig- 
nation. 

Dimissbria ;      Lettera  (eccl.) 

i.  Letter  dimissory,  sending  a  priest 
to  another  cure.  2.  certificate  of  fitness 
for  ordination. 

Dimito  m.  ;  =  Cotoncino,  dimity. 

Dimoi-are  ind.  dimoio  ;  of  frozen 
ground,  snow,  etc.,  to  thaw. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  It.  di,  molie,  cp.  Lombard  dia- 
lectic moj  for  [nolle ;  another  possible  derivation  is 
from  L.  de,  imttia,  brine,  from  the  briny  appearance 
of  half  melted  snow. 

Dimoiaticcio  m.;  slushy  ground. 

Dim61t-o ;  =  Molto,  much.  Aff.  -one, 
augm.  scherz. 

Dim&ra  (Dimoranza,  Addimoranza) 
f.;  i.  stay.  2.  habitation.  3.  place  to 
stay  in.  4.  =  Indugio,  delay. 

Dimorare  ind.  dimoro  (L.);  to  stay. 

*i.  to  delay,     ii.  tr.  to  detain. 
*Dimorfire;  to  grow  thin. 

*  Dimoro  m. ;—  Dimora,  delay. 

*  Dimorsare  ;    to   let  go  one's  hold  (with  the 
teeth). 

Dimostr-abile,  -ability,  -amento,  -are  ind. 
dimostro,   -ativamente,   -ativo,   -at6re,   -azion- 
cella  <rVw.,  -azi6ne;  demonstrable,  etc. 
*Dimottare;=Smottare,  to  crumble  down. 

Dimozzare  ind.  dim6zzo ;  to  cut 
down  a  tree  leaving  a  stump  of  a  certain 
height. 

*Dimozzicare  ;  =  Smozzare,  to  mutilate. 

Dimdzzo  adj. ;  cut  off,  cut  short. 

*Dimungere  ;  =  Smungere,  to  exhaust. 

Dinamic-a^.,  -amcnte,  -o  ;  Dinamit-ardo, 
-e ;  Dinam-o,  -6metro;  as  E.  (Or.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Dynamic). 

Dinanzi  (Dinnanzi,  Dinante),  (L.  de, 
in,  ante} ;  in  front  of,  in  presence  of. 
Metier  — ,  (a)  to  put  forward,  (6)  to 
place  before. 

*  Dinaspare  ;  =  Dipanare. 
'Dinasta  m. ;  petty  despot. 

DinastiayC  (Gr.);  as  E. 
t Dindellare;  =  Dondolare,  to  waddle, 
*Dinderlo  »/.j  tasselled  fringe. 

Dindln  or  Dinddn  (imit.) ;  ding  dong. 

Dindio,  Dindo  m.  (Fr.  dinde  short- 
ened from  cog  d'Inde) ;  turkey. 

Dindo  in.  (imit.  from  the  chink  of 
coins) ;  child's  term  for  money. 

Dindon ;  ->.  Dindin. 

*  Dindondare  or  Dindonare;  to  go  ding-dong, 
to  ring. 

*Dinegare,  Diniegare;  =  Negare,  to  deny. 
*Dinerbare,  Dinervare;   i.  =  Snervare,  to  un- 
nerve,    ii.    to  lose  strength. 

Diniego  »/.;  refusal,  denial. 

*  Dinoccare  (It.  di,  nocca) ;  i.  to  break  the  neck 
of.     ii.  to  dislocate. 

*  Dinocciolare;  =  Snocciolare. 
*Dinoccol-are;  =  Dinoccare;  the  part,  -ato  is 

still  in  use,  v.  infra. 

Dinoccolato  ;  listless.  Fare  il  — , 
to  feign  indifference.  *  =  Malconcio, 
maltreated. 

*Dinodare;  i.  =  Snodare,  to  untie,  ii.  to  dis- 
articulate. 

Dinotare;  i.g.  Denotare. 


DINTORNARE— DIRE 


205 


Dintomare  ind.  dintorno  ;  to  draw 
the  outline  of.  *to  surround. 

D'  intdrno ;  =  Intorno,  round. 

Dint6rno  m. ;  I.  in//.,  surroundings, 
neighbourhood.  2.  (fortif.)  outer  line. 
3.  contour,  outline. 

Dio  or  Iddio  (Deo,  Idio);  the  pi.  is 
Dei,  *Dii  or*Iddii,  m.  (L.  deus,  v,  Skeat, 
sub  Deity);  God. 

Phrases:  i.  A  quel  — ,  pop.  extremely 
well  ;  Lo  bastonarono  a  quel  — ,  they 
gave  him  a  sound  thrashing  ;  Me  1'  ha 
fatta  a  quel  — ,  he  has  done  it  capitally. 

2.  Nome  di  —  e  della  prima  volta,  an 
expression  used  at  the  occurrence  of  an 
unexpected  event ;  Ne  ha  fatta  una  che 
stia:  nome  di  —  e  della  prima  volta, 
he  has  done  a  thing  quite  right ;  what 
an  amazing  occurrence !     3.  Ira  di  — , 
Tocco  or  Pezzo  d'  ira  di  — ,  a  phrase 
applied    to   a   very   objectionable   and 
obstinate  person.    4.  Andarsene  con  — , 
to  go  away  quietly  ;  Andate  con  — ,  a 
phrase  used  to  a  beggar  to  whom  an 
alms  is  refused.     5.  Essere  la  mano,  or 
una   man    di   — ,   to   be   most   useful ; 
Quattro   scapaccioni  a  tempo  e  luogo 
sono  la  mano  di  — ,  one  or  two  raps  on 
the  head  are  sometimes  the  best  thing 
in  the  world.     6.  Esser  nella  mente  di 
— ,  to  be  still  unborn.   *As  adj. :  i.  divine, 
ii.  bright. 

fS"  It  is  the  only  word  beginning 
with  a  consonant  other  than  S  impure, 
Z,  or  Gn,  which  takes  the  form  Gli  as 
the  plural  article.  I  Pagani  avevano 
gli  dei  infernali,  the  Pagans  recognised 
some  of  the  spirits  of  the  lower  world 
as  divinities. 

Di6ces-i/  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Diocese);  as  E. 
Aff.  -ano. 

Diod6nte  m.;  porcupine  fish,  Diodon. 

Diomedea  /. ;  albatross,  Diomedea. 
t  Didmo  nt.  ;  =  Gomitolo,  ball  of  string. 

Di6neyC;  (mythol.)  mother  of  Venus,  D.  Par. 
8.7. 

Dionea  /. ;  (fat.)  Venus'  fly-trap,  Dionaea 
mnscipula. 

Dionisia/!;  a  black  stone  with  red  spots. 

Dioptasio  m. ;  dioptase,  a  transparent  green 
silicate  of  copper. 

Diorama  m.  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Dioscoreay:;  (to.)  yam,  »•  Igname. 
t  Diosmania./;   well-deserved  punishment,  ///. 
wrath  of  God. 

Diosparo  m.\  (hot.)  persimon  tree,  date  plum, 
ebony-tree  or  other  species  of  Diospyrvs. 

*  Diotay?  (Gr.  5uo,  oCs,  o>rds);  two-handled  cup. 
Diottalmo  m.  (Gr.);  a  variety  of  onyx. 
Di6ttray^  (Gr.);  an  instrument  for  measuring 

angles. 

DidttricayC;  science  of  refraction,  dioptrics, 
Dibttrico;  i.  dioptric.     2.  as  so.,  prism. 

Dipan-are  ind.  dipino  or  Addipan- 
-are  (L.  de,  panus,  skein,  cp.  Pane,  B, 
and  Panno);  i.  to  unravel  a  skein  of 
wool  and  wind  it  into  a  ball.  2.  fig.  to 
disentangle  the  threads  of  an  affair. 

3.  --  un    periodo,   to   put   together  a 
complex  phrase.     4.  to  eat  with  hearty 
appetite.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

*  Di  parere ;  =  Parere. 

Dipartenza/;  leave-taking. 

Dipartim6nto  m.\  i.  department  of 
France.  2.  in  Italy,  one  of  the  three 
territorial  maritime  divisions  of  Naples, 
Genoa  and  Venice. 

•Dipart-ire    ind.    diparto   (L.);    to    divide,    to 
separate  ;  not  obsolete  as  a  reflective  verb,  v.  -irsi. 


Dipartirsi;  to  depart. 

Dipartfta/;  i.  departure.  2.  (poet.) 
death. 

*  Dipelare  ;  =  Pelare,  to  peel. 

*  Dipellare  ;  =  Scorticare,  to  skin. 

Dipendente  ;  subordinate. 

Dipendenza  f. ;  j.  dependence. 
2.  dependency.  3.  (herald.}  Arme  di 
— ,  arms  of  a  person  or  family,  from 
whom  one  has  received  some  signal 
mark  of  favour,  quartered  with  one's 
own. 

Dipend-ere/cr/:-ei  -etti  ordipesi  -esti  -e  -ette 
or  dipese  -emmo  -este  -erono  -ettero  or  dipesero, 
part,  -uto  or  dipeso  (L.);  to  depend. 

*  Dipennare;  =  Depennare,  to  erase. 
Dipeso ;  fart.  Dipendere. 

tDipestiare;  to  unbolt. 
•Dipianare;  to  level. 

Di-plngere perf.  -pinsi,  part,  -pinto ; 
i.  to  paint.  2.  Dipingersi,  to  colour 
up,  from  emotion.  3.  Star  dipinto,  of 
clothes,  to  fit  to  perfection.  4.  Non  ci 
starei  dipinto,  i.e.  nothing  would  induce 
me  to  stop  there ;  Non  si  son  visti 
neanche  dipinti,  i.e.  there  was  not  a 
trace  of  them  to  be  seen,  of  people  who 
did  not  come  as  expected.  5.  Non 
poter  veder  uno  neanche  dipinto,  to  be 
unable  to  bear  the  sight  of  him. 

*  i.  =  Sgorbiare,  to  blot.     ii.    Gente  dipinta,   i.e. 
hypocrites,  D.   Inf.  23.  58. 

Aff.  Dipint-ore,  -ucchiare  spreg.  to  daub,  -ura 
=  Pittura. 

Diplinto  m. ;  wall  of  thickness  equal  to  the 
length  of  two  bricks. 

Diplodattilo  nt. ;  gecko,  Malay  lizard. 

Dipl6m-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -atica 
science  of  paleography;  -aticamgnte,  -atico,  -azia, 
as  E. 

Dipbi ;  afterwards,  v.  Poi. 

Diportame'nto  m.  •  conduct.  *  = 
Diporto. 

Diport-arsi  ind.  mi  dip6rto ;  to 
behave. 

*  -are,  to  bear,     -arsi  =  Andare  a  spasso.     Andarsi 
-ando  —  Menar  vanto. 

Dip6rto  m.  (prob.  <  old  Fr.  desport, 
lit.  cessation  from  carrying,  cp.  E.  un- 
bend, v.  Skeat,  sub  Disport)  ;  amuse- 
ment. *  =  Portamento. 

*  Dipressare ;  =  Deprimere. 

Dipresso   (v. 
approximately. 

Dipsa  f. ;  an  Asiatic  species  of  snake. 

Dipsaco  m.;  (tot.)  teasel,  Difsacus. 

Etym.  Gr. ,  <  6t'i/ra,  thirst.  Ai'i^axoc  was  the 
name  both  of  the  teasel  and  of  the  form  of  kidney 
disease  characterised  by  thirst.  The  bases  of  the 
leaves  of  many  species  of  teasel  are  connate  and 
the  cavity  they  enclose  will  hold  water ;  moreover 
the  roots  were  at  one  time  used  as  diuretic  and 
diaphoretic ;  hence  the  connection  of  the  name  with 
5ti/ra,  thirst. 

Diptero ;  i.  (arch.)  with  two  wings.  2.  v. 
Dittero. 

•Diputare;  i.  =  Deputare.     ii.  =  Kiputare. 
*Dira/:(L.);  i.  invective,    ii.  in//.,  the  Furies. 

Dirad-are  ind.  dirado ;  i.  to  thin 
out  (trees,  etc.)  ;  —  il  grano,  to  clear 
rubbish  from  the  corn.  2.  intr.  or  refl. 
to  become  thin,  e.g.  of  hair;  or  of  the 
dew,  to  dissolve.  3.  —  le  visite,  or  — 
intr.  to  be  a  rare  visitor  ;  —  le  pas- 
seggiate,  to  walk  out  but  seldom.  Ajf. 
-ame'nto. 

Diragnare  ;  =  Sdiragnare,  to  clear 
away  cobwebs. 


Presso) ;    A    un   — , 


Diramare  ind.  diramo  (A)(It.  ramo) ; 
I.  to  cut  away  (branches).  2.  intr.  to 
branch  out.  3.  to  distribute  (a  circular). 

*i.  to  be  descended  from.  ii.  Cantare  alia  -ata, 
to  sing  lustily. 

(B)(It.  rame);  in  electro-metallurgy,  to  get  rid 
of  the  copper. 

Diramazi6n-e  f. ;  branching  out. 
-cella  dim. 

*  Diramorare  ;  =  Diramare  (i). 
•Dirancare  (It.   ranco) ;    i.  =Storcere,   to  dis- 
locate,    ii.  =Svellere,  to  extirpate. 

*  Dirangolato  (It.  rangola);  careless. 

*  Dirappare  (It.  rappa);  =  Diramare,  to  lop. 
t  Diravare  ;  —  Franare,  to  make  a  landslide. 

Dirazzare  (It.  razza) ;  to  degenerate. 

Dirceo  ;  of  Dirce,  wife  of  Lycus  king  of  Thebes ; 
hence  Cigno  —  for  Pindar. 

Dire  ind.  dico  dici  dice  diciaino  dite 
di'cono,  perf.  dissi  dice'sti  disse  dice'mmo 
dice'ste  di'ssero,  fut.  diro,  imperat.  di'  tu 
dica  egli  diciamo  noi  dite  voi  dicano 
essi,  part,  detto  (L.  dicere,  root  deik,  to 
shew,  cp.  Gr.  SetKvv/u,  Gothic  gateihan, 
to  announce,  Germ,  zetgen,  to  shew) ; 
to  say. 

•Obsolete  forms  (from  Tommaseo  and  Bellini); 
Dicemo  =  diciamo,  Dicere=dire,  Dicerei,  Dicera= 
direi,  dira,  Dicer6=dir6,  Dicesti  =  diceste,  Dicete= 
dite,  Dichi  and  Diche= dica  (<«£/'.)>  Die  =  dici,  Dichi  = 
dici,  Dicie  =  diceva,  Digo=dico,  Diciavamo  =  dice- 
vamo,  Dii  =  dici,  Diresti^direste,  Diraggio  =  dir6, 
Diri  =  dire,  Dirie  =  direbbe,  Diroccio=dir6,  Dise  = 
dice,  Dissaro  =  dissero,  Dissemmo=dicemo,  Disse  = 
dissi. 

Phrases :  i.  Ragazzi,  se  lo  dico  \ 
now,  boys,  mind  !  2.  Dico  bene,  quite 
so,  a  phrase  used  by  one  who  is  re- 
minded of  something ;  O  non  volevi 
andare  alia  tipografia  ?  Dico  bene,  ora 
ci  vo  subito,  why,  were  you  not  going 
up  to  the  printing  office?  to  be  sure, 
I  will  go  at  once ;  Dico  bene  o  poi  di 
quella  cosa  che  e  stato  ?  well,  but  what 
became  of  it  afterwards?  3.  Non  d 
dice,  it  clashes  ;  Questo  colore  non  ci 
dice  con  quest'  altro,  this  colour  clashes 
with  that  one.  4.  Dirci,  (a)  to  submit; 
Fece  e  fece,  ma  poi  bisognb  dirci,  he 
tried  to  wriggle  out  of  it  but  had  to 
submit  at  last;  (b)  to  die;  (f)  Dirci  or 
Dirci  su,  to  bid  at  an  auction.  5.  Dirsela 
con  alcuno  or  tra  di  se,  to  be  on  good 
terms  with  him  or  amongst  each  other; 
lo  non  me  la  dico  con  le  persone  troppo 
complimentore,  I  cannot  get  on  with 
over-complimentary  people.  6.  Dirsene, 
to  have  one's  banns  of  marriage  pub- 
lished. 7.  A  dir  bene  bene,  or  male 
male,  at  the  worst  or  at  the  best.  8.  Dir 
bene,  male  or  brutto  a  uno,  la  Fortuna 
being  understood,  to  be  lucky  or  un- 
lucky ;  Al  gioco  gli  dice  male,  he  is 
unlucky  when  he  gambles ;  Gli  ha 
detto  brutto  davvero,  he  has  been  very 
unlucky  ;  Non  mi  vuol  dire,  I  am  not 
having  any  luck.  9.  Aver  che  dire,  to 
have  words,  have  an  altercation.  10.  Non 
aver  che  dire,  Non  esserci  che  dire,  to 
have  no  fault  to  find.  n.  Come  dire, 
or  Come  sarebbe  a  dire,  as  a  mode  of 
challenging  a  statement,  What  do  you 
mean?  12.  Far  dire  uno,  to  put  him 
in  a  bad  temper.  13.  Non  fo  per  dire 
ma  quel  lavoro  mi  riuscl  piuttosto  bene, 
I  do  not  wish  to  boast  but  I  made  rather 
a  successful  job  of  that.  14.  Far  dir  di 


206 


DIREDARE— DISAGGUAGLIARE 


se  or  de'  fatti  suoi,  to  offer  occasion  for 
criticism,  to  get  oneself  talked  about 
unpleasantly ;  Nessuno  puo  dir  nulla 
del  fatto  suo,  no  one  can  criticise  his 
own  work.  15.  E  tutto  dire  or  E  un 
gran  dire,  exclamations  of  surprise  and 
anger ;  £  un  gran  dire  che  ancora  non 
voglia  mettersi  al  buono,  it  is  shocking 
that  he  still  refuses  to  amend  his  ways ; 
L'  ho  perfino  percosso,  e  tutto  dire, 
I  even  struck  him  ;  think  of  that !  or  in 
irony,  Lo  hanno  fatto  anche  cavaliere, 
e  tutto  dire,  he  has  actually  had  a  deco- 
ration given  him  ;  fancy !  16.  Terreno 
che  non  dice  a  certe  piante,  soil  that 
does  not  suit  certain  plants.  17.  Dir 
V  ultima,  as  an  imprecation,  Di'  su 
pure,  che  tu  possa  dir  1'  ultima,  say  it 
out  then  and  may  it  be  the  last  word 
you  utter.  1 8.  Voter  dire  (a)  to  mean ; 
(6)  Voler  dire  or  Non  voler  dire,  molto 
being  understood,  to  be  of  consequence 
or  of  no  consequence  ;  II  lavoro  e  un 
po  diverse  da  quello  che  m'  avevi  detto, 
vorrk  dire?  No,  non  vuol  dir  nulla,  lo 
piglierb  com'  £,  the  work  is  a  little 
different  from  what  you  ordered,  will 
it  matter?  No,  it  won't  matter  at  all, 
I  will  take  it  as  it  is.  19.  Vengo  per 
dire,  I  mean  to  say. 

Diredare  (Diretare) ;  =  Diseredare,  to  disinherit. 

*  Diremo  ;  v.  *  Daremo. 

*  Diren-are  ;   to  break  the  back  of.     -ato  m. ; 
lumbago. 

•Direndere  ;  intr.  to  yield. 

*  Direpzione  f. ;  rapine,  devastation. 

*  Direstare  ;  to  remove  the  awns,  v.  Kesta. 

*  Diretano  ;  =  Deretano,  hinder. 

*  Diretare  ;  v.  Diredare. 

Dirett-ario  m. ;  (/<f.)  person  holding  the  legal 
estate  in  a  property  as  distinct  from  Utilista,  beneficial 
owner. 

Direttivo ;  directive. 

Dirett-o ;  direct.  Polizza  -a,  through  bill  of 
lading.  Aff.  -amente. 

Dirett6ray.;  iron,  for  Direttrice. 

Direttdre  tn. ;  i.  director,  manager.  2.  member 
of  the  Direttorio. 

Dirett6rio  m. ;  I.  Directory  of  the  French 
Republic  in  1795.  z.  church  calendar. 

Direttrice  f.  of  Direttore. 

Direzi6neyt;  I.  direction.     2.  management. 

*  Diricapo ;  =  Da  capo,  anew. 

Diricciare ;  to  remove  the  husk, 
Riccio. 

*Dirieri;  =  Di  dietro. 

Dirfgere  ind.  dirfgo,  perf.  diressi 
dirige'sti,  part,  diretto  (L.) ;  to  direct. 
*to  dedicate. 

*  Dirimbuono  adv. ;  =  Un  anno  per  1'  altro,  taking 
one  year  with  another. 

Dirim-ere  ind.  dirfmo,  perf.  -€\  or 
-etti,  -CM pass.  part.  (L., <de,+  enure,  to 
take,  v.  Esempio) ;  to  annul. 

*i.  to  divide,     ii.  to  annul. 
Dirimpettaio  m.;  scherz.  vis-a-vis. 

Dirimpetto  (It.  di,  in,  petto) ;  I.  op- 
posite. 2.  in  comparison. 

*  Diripata  f. ;  precipice. 

Diritta/;  I.  right  hand.  2.  straight 
road. 

*  Dirittaccio  m. ;  sly-boots,  v.  Diritto  (3). 

Diritt-am^nte,  -6zza ;  v.  -o. 

Diritt-O  (L.  directus,part.  oidirigere, 
in  mlt.  directum  meant  "  ordinance," 
hence  It.  diritto  as  sb.) ;  i.  straight. 
2.  upright.  3.  =  Accorto,  clever.  4.  Nel 
—  mezzo,  in  the  exact  middle.  5.  right, 
as  opposed  to  left.  6.  Man  — ,  or  Man- 


dritto,  blow  delivered  from  right  to  left. 

7.  right  (side  of  a  stuff);   Prendere  le 
cose  per  il  — ,  to  take  hold  of  things  in 
the  right  way  ;  Mettere  un  abito  da  — , 
to  put  a  coat  on  with  the  right  side  out. 

8.  as  adv.,  straight ;  A  — ,  straight  on  ; 
see  also  below,  No.  (9). 

As  sb. :  9.  legal  or  moral  right  ; 
A  — ,  rightly;  A  maggior  — ,  with  all 
the  more  reason  ;  Per  — ,  with  good 
right  ;  Per  —  o  per  traverse,  somehow, 
one  way  or  another.  10.  jurisprudence ; 

-  romano,  Roman  law  ;    —  comune, 
common  law ;  —  canonico,  canon  law  ; 

-  cambiale,  law  of  bills  of  exchange, 
n.  duty,  tax;  —  clerical!,  clerical  dues, 
fees  ;  —  di  sosta,  =  Magazzinaggio,  de- 
murrage. 

*  i.  of  the  barrel  of  an  arquebus,  smooth,    ii.  true, 
real ;  -a  vedova,  a  widow  indeed  ;  Nel  —  mare,  in 
the  sea  itself,     iii.    precise,     iv.  =  Acconcio,  oppor- 
tune ;  Tempo  — ,  good  weather,    v.  straight-dealing, 
honest,     vi.  sincere,     vii.  Cerchio — ,  or  simply — , 
the   equator;   Colpo  — ,  or  simply   Un   — ,  =  Man- 
dritto,   v.   supra  (6).      viii.    Alia    -a,  (a)    frankly, 
(b)  justly. 

As  part.:  ix.  =Eretto,  erected,  x.  =  Diretto, 
directed,  xi.  —  a,  devoted  to  the  service  of. 
xii.  =  Disposto,  disposed. 

As  so.:  xiii.  straight  line.  xiv.  {gram.)  nomi- 
native case.  xv.  rectitude,  xvi.  Fammi  — ,  grant 
me  justice,  xvii.  Di  bene  in  — ,  =  Con  mezzi  onesti. 

Diritt6n-e  /«.,  -a  / ;  very  crafty 
person. 

*  Dirittorovescio  ;  upside  down. 

Dirittura  /  ;  i.  straight  line. 
2.  straightness.  3.  fig.  rectitude,  right- 
eousness, D.  Par.  20.  121.  4.  A  — ,  or 
Addirittura,  completely. 

*i.  Pigliar  la  — ,  v.  Dirizzone.  ii.  =Imposta,  tax. 
iii.  funeral  rites. 

*  Diritturier-e  or  -i ;  lover  of  justice,  just. 
*Dirivare;  i.  =Derivare.     ii.  =Arrivare. 

*  Dirivieni  j  v .  Andirivieni. 

*  Dirizzacrine  m.  iW«r/.;  =  Dirizzatoio,  comb. 

Dirizz-are  or  Drizz-are  (bit.  **di- 
rectiare,<L.directus);  i.  to  straighten. 
2.  to  direct. 

*i.  =  Indirizzare,  to  direct,  ii.  to  raise,  iii.  to 
build,  iv.  to  part  (the  hair),  -arsi :  v.  to  rise  up. 
vi.  to  undertake,  to  propose. 

•Dirizzatoio  m.;  i.  =  Addirizzatoio,  tail-comb, 
ii.  instrument  for  straightening. 

Dirizzatura/ ; = Addirizzatura,  hair- 
parting. 

'Dirizzo  w.;  =  Dirizzatura. 

Dirizzone  m.  (It.  dirizzare);  i.  blind 
determination,  obstinate  habit.  2.  Pigli- 
are  il  —  verso...,  to  dart  off  towards.... 

*  Diro  (L.) ;  dire. 

*  Dirobare  ;=Derubare,  to  plunder. 

Dirocc-are  ind.  dirocco  (It.  rocca) ; 
to  dismantle,  destroy,  -arsi,  to  fall  with 
a  crash.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Dirocciare  (It.  roccia) ;  i.  to  husk  chestnuts. 
ii.  to  rush  down  from  rock  to  rock. 

Dir6mp-ere  perf.  diruppi,  part. 
dirotto  ;  to  make  supple,  —  il  lino,  to 
bruise  flax,  -ersi  a...,  to  break  oneself 
in  to —  Pianto  dirotto,  Pioggia  dirotta, 
floods  of  tears,  or  rain.  A  dirotto,  in 
torrents. 

*  i.  =  Interrompere.     ii.  =  Guastare,  to  break  the 
good  order  of.     iii.  =  Indebolire,  to  weaken,     iv.  — 
sopra,    to  discuss,     v.    -ersi,    to  lose   one's  temper. 
vi.  =  Prorompere,  to  break  out.     Aff.  -imento. 

*  Dirotta  /.\  i.  =  Forte  stropicciata.     ii.   (mar.) 
=  Rotta,  route. 

Dirottamente  ;  (to  weep)  bitterly, 
(to  rain)  in  torrents,  v.  Dirompere. 


Dirott-o ;  part.  Dirompere.  As  adj., 
pelting  (rain). 

*  Dirovin-are  ;— Rovinare.     -ato;  =  Scosceso. 

Dirozz-are  ind.  dir6zzo  (It.  rozzo); 
i.  to  rough  hew  (marble),  to  trim  (a 
log),  to  take  off  the  roughness  of  any- 
thing. 2.  fig.  to  civilise ;  Uomo  -ato  col 
piccone  or  coll'  ascia,  a  rough  sort  of 
customer.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Dirozzatura  / ;  greasy  wool  re- 
quiring to  be  carded  with  new  carding- 
combs. 

*  Dirubare  ;  v.  Dirobare. 

*  Dirucchiare  ;  =  Svettare,  to  trim. 
Dirugginfo  m. ;  the  sound  of  grinding. 

Diruggin-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  ruggine) ; 
i.  to  rub  off  rust.  2.  to  grind  the  teeth 
together. 

Dirupare  (It.  rupe) ;  i.  to  plunge 
down.  2.  tr.  to  hurl  down. 

Dirupato;  abrupt,  rocky. 

*  Dirupinare  ;  =  Dirupare. 

Dirtipo  m. ;  rocky  precipice. 
Dlruto  (L.);  ruined. 

Dis- ;  a  prefix  of  reversal,  cognate 
to  E.  twis-  in  twist,  ultimately  <  Indo- 
germanic  duis  (>Gr.  8«i,  through,  and 
Suo--,  prefix  of  badness),  cp.  Germ,  zwi- 
in  Zwielracht,  discord,  E.  twi-(light); 
v.  supra,  Bis-,  and  infra,  Due,  also 
Skeat,  sub  Two,  Twin. 

Disahbell-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  spoil  the 
beauty  of. 

•Disabbigliare  ;  =  Disaddobbare. 
Digabilita./;  as  E. 

Disabitat-o;  uninhabited.  Corpo — ,  tfrGola 
-a,  i.e.  a  great  eater. 

Disabituare ;  to  unaccustom. 

*  Disaccagionare  ;  to  plead  excuses  for. 

*  Disaccare  (Dissaccare) ;  to  empty  (a  sack). 

Disaccentrare ;  to  decentralise. 

*  Disaccerto  in. ;  the  opposite  of  Accerto. 

Disaccetto  ;  unacceptable. 

Disacciaiare  ;  to  decarbonise  steel  into  soft  iron. 

*  Disaccolare  ;  =  Divincolarsi,  to  struggle. 
Disacconci-o  ;  unsuitable.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 
Disaccdrdo  m.\  as  £. 

Disacerbare  ind.  dis-acerbo  (Disacervare);  to 
make  less  bitter. 

Disacid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  make  less  acid. 

*  Disadagiare  ;  v.  Disagiare. 
Disadatt-o;    i.   unsuited.     2.  awkward.    Aff. 

-aggine,  -amente. 

*  Disaddobbare  ;   to  spoil,  the  opposite  of  Ad- 
dobbare. 

*  Disadombrarsi  ;  to  regain  good  temper. 
Disadorn-amente  adv.,  -are  to  disfigure,  -o 

bare. 

*  Disaduggiare  ;  to  remove  gloom  from. 

Disaffezion-are  ind.  disaffezi6no;  to 
destroy  affection,  to  alienate,  -arsi,  to 
lose  the  affection  of.  -arsi  a,  to  lose 
one's  affection  for. 

DiSaffezione  / ;  want  of  affection. 

Disafforcarsi ;  to  unmoor  one  anchor 
when  moored  by  two,  •  v.  Ormeggiare 

(B,  2). 

Disagerato ;  minimised,  v.  Esa- 
gerare. 

Disag6vol-e,  -6zza,  -rn^nte ;  =  Ma- 
lagevole,  etc. 

Disaggrad-are  or  -ire  ind  -o  or  -isco 
-fivole ;  to  displease,  etc. 

*  Disagguagliare  ;=  Disugguagliare. 


DISAGIO— DISCIOLTO 


207 


Disagi-o  m.  ;  discomfort,  privation, 
hardship. 

Aff.  -are,  -atamente,  -osamente,  -oso. 

Disaiutare ;  to  hinder. 

Disalberare  ind.  disalbero;  (mar.) 
to  dismast. 

*  Disalloggiare ;  to  turn  out,  eject,  or  intr.  to 
go  out,  change  one's  rooms. 

*  Disalmare  (It.  dis-,  alma);  to  kill. 

Disamabile ;  unloveable. 
Disamare ;  to  cease  loving. 
Disam^no  ;  unpleasant. 
Disamina/;  attentive  examination. 

Disamor-are  ind.  disamoro ;  to 
estrange.  Aff.  -ataccio  one  completely 
estranged,  -atamente,  -e  indifference, 
dislike,  -eVole  unkind,  -evole'zza. 

Disanimare  ind.  disanimo;  to  dis- 
hearten. 

Disappaiare ;  to  uncouple. 

*  Disappannare  ;  =  Spannare,  to  skim. 

*  Disapparare  ;  i.  to  take  down  the  decorations. 
ii.  to  unlearn. 

*  Disappensato  ;=Spensierato. 

Disappetenza  / ;  loss  of  appetite. 

Disapplicazidne  /  ;  want  of  appli- 
cation. 

Disapprendere  ;  =  Disimparare,  to 
unlearn. 

Disapprov-are  ind.  disapprtvo;  -azi6ney;; 
as  E. 

Disappunto  m.  (Fr.);  i.  nuisance. 
2.  disappointment. 

Disargentare  ;  to  remove  the  silver 
from. 

Disargin-are  ind.  disdrgino ;  to 
destroy  (a  dam).  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Disarm-are  ;  i.  to  disarm,  dis- 
mantle. 2.  (mar.)  (a)  to  lay  up  (a 
ship) ;  (b)  —  i  remi,  to  ship,  take  the 
oars  out  of  the  water.  3.  —  il  cane,  to 
put  the  hammer  at  half  cock. 

Disarmo  m. ;  disarmament.  Nave 
in  — ,  ship  laid  up. 

Disarmoni-a,  -came'nte.  -co,  -zzare ; 
discord,  etc. 

Disarruolare ;  =  Congedare,  to  dis- 
miss. 

Disarticol-are  ind.  disarticolo ; 
-azidne  (surg.) ;  as  E. 

•  Disascondere  ;  to  make  manifest. 

*  Disasperare  ;  to  take  away  the  hope. 

Disasprare  ;  to  make  less  sharp. 

Disassediare  ind.  disassedio  ;  i.  to 
raise  the  siege  of.  2.  to  leave  free. 

Disassuef-are  ind.  disassuefaccio, 
etc.,  i>.  Fare ;  to  disaccustom.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Disastr-o  m.  (blt.,<L.  da-,  astrum,  star); 
disaster.  Aff.  -are  to  cause  disaster  to,  -osamente, 
-oso. 

•  Disatare  ;=  Disaiutare,  to  hinder. 

*  Disatt-ato  ;  unadapted.     * -o  ;  inapt. 
Disatten-tamente,  -to,  -zione;  inattentively, 

etc. 

Disattrezzare  ind.  disattrezzo  ; 
(mar.)  to  dismantle. 

t  Disaudire  ;=  Esaudire,  to  hearken. 


Disautor-are  ind.  disautoro  or  Dis- 
autorizz-are  ;  =  Esautorare,  to  with- 
draw authorisation.  -arsi,  to  lose 
authority. 

*  Disavanzarc  ;  =  Scapitare,  to  make  a  loss. 

Disavanzo  m. ;  deficit,  *loss. 

*  Disavere  ;  v.  Dissavere. 

Disawantaggi-o  m. ;  slight  disad- 
vantage. Aff.  -are,  -osame'nte,  -oso. 

Disawedime'nto  m. ;  inadvertence. 

Disawedut-am&ite,  -e'zza,  -o ; 
heedlessly,  etc. 

*  Disavvenante ;  inconvenient. 

Disavvenen-te  ;  unattractive.  Aff. 
-za. 

Disavventur-a  f. ;  mishap,  -ato  ; 
unlucky. 

Disawertenza  / ;  inadvertence. 

Disawezz-are  ind.  disavvdzzo ;  to 
disaccustom,  -o  adj. 

*  Disbandeggiare  ;  —  Sbandeggiare. 

*  Disbaragliare  ;=  Sbaragliare,  to  disperse. 

*  Disbarattare  ;  i.y.  Disbaragliare. 

*  Disbarazzare  ;  —  Sbarazzare. 

*  Disbarcare  ;  — Sbarcare,  to  unload. 
Disbassare  ;  =  Sbassare,  to  lower. 

*  Disbattere  ;  =  Dibattere. 

Disb6rso  m. ;  Stare  in  — ,  to  have 
made  disbursements,  to  be  out  of  pocket. 

Disboscare  ;  =  Diboscare,  to  clear. 

*  Disbramare  ;  to  satisfy. 
*Disbranare  ;  =  Sbranare,  to  tear  to  pieces. 

*  Disbrancare  ;  i.  to  lop  off.     ii.  to  ramify. 

*  Disbrandare  ;  to  disarm. 

Disbrig-are ;  to  assist  out  of  a 
difficulty.  -  un  affare,  to  settle  a 
matter.  Ajf.  -o  sb. 

Disbrocare  ;  to  unrivet. 

Disbrogliare  ind.  disbroglio ;  to  dis- 
entangle. 

*  Disbrunare  ;  i.  to  brighten,    ii.  to  burnish. 

*  Disbuffare  ;=Sbuffare,  to  snort. 

Discacci-are ;  to  drive  away,  expel. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Discadere,  Discaggere  ;  i.   to  droop,     ii.  to 
fall  in,  escheat. 

Discalzare  ;  =  Scalzare,  to  lay  bare. 

*Discamerare :    to  restore  to   the  owners,  v. 
Jncamerare. 

*  Discanoscenza/!;  =  Sconoscenza,  ignorance. 

*  Discanso  ;«.;=Scampo,  escape. 

*  Discantare  ;  i.  to  disenchant,     ii.  v.  Discanto. 

*  Discanto  in. ;  (mus.)  harmony,  counterpoint. 

*  Discapezzare  ;  i.  to  unloose,    ii.  to  behead. 

*  Discapigliare  ;  =  Scapigliarc,  to  dishevel. 
Discapit-are;  =  Scapitare,  to  lose.    -otx.;  loss. 
Discappellare  ;  (mar.)  to  take  off  the  rigging 

at  a  mast's  head  or  at  a  yard's  arm.     —  le  cone,  to 
send  down  the  tops.     *  to  unhood  a  falcon. 

*  Discaricay^;  voucher. 

Discaricare  (Discarcare,  Discargare);  =  Scan- 
care,  to  unload. 

*  Discarnare  ;  to  make  thin. 

Discaro;  disagreeable. 

*  Discassare  ;  —  Scassinare. 

*  Discat to  m. ;  =  Defalco,  deduction. 

*  Discavalcare  ;  i.  to  unhorse,     ii.  to  dismount 
(a  gun). 

*Discavare  ;  =  Scavare,  to  excavate. 

*  Discazzare  ;  =  Scacciare,  to  drive  away. 

*  Discedere  ;  to  depart. 

Discend-ente  in.;  descendant,  -enza/;  v. 
-ere. 

Disc6n-dere  perf.  discdsi,  part. 
disease;  i.  to  descend.  2.  to  sink. 
3.  to  spring  (from).  4.  —  a  patti,  a 


concessioni,  to  come  to  a  compromise. 
5.  to  pass  on  (to  the  conclusion).  Aff. 
-dimdnto,  -sione. 

*Discente  m.  (L.,  cogn.  Gr.  5i5a<r*cw,  to  teach, 
SeiKirvfiii.,  to  show,  v.  Decente);  learner. 

Discentrare  ind.  discdntro ;  i.q.  De- 
centrare,  to  decentralise. 

*  Discepolato  m. ;  i.  discipleship.     it.  pupils,  as 
a  whole,     iii.  authority  over  pupils. 

Disc&pol-o  m.,  -a  /  ;  disciple. 

Etym.  L.  discipitlus,  <  ** 'dis-cipere \  where  dis- 
has  the  force  of  Gr.  6ta-,  through,  v.  supra  Dis-,  so 
that  the  meaning  was  to  take  in,  contrasting  with 
prae-ciperet  to  take  first,  cf.  Germ,  vemehmen,  to 
perceive,  vornefimeft,  to  resolve.  From  praecipere 
came  praeccptum,  prescribed  rule,  whence  the 
secondary  sense  of  teaching  for  prarcipcre ,  which  led 
to  that  of  learning  for  **discipere  and  its  derivative 
discipulus  towards  which  the  similarity  of  meaning 
of  the  word  discere  may  have  contributed,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Discipulus ;  for  the  root  of  discere,  v.  supra, 
sub  Decente. 

Discern -ere  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Concern);  used 
only  \fi  pres. ,  imperf.  and  /«/?«.;  *  perf.  discernei  or 
discernetti,  *  part,  discernuto  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -fbile, 
-imento. 

*  Discerpere  (L.)  ;  to  tear  to  pieces. 
*Discerre  ;  =  Scegliere,  to  choose. 

Discervellare ;  to  be  confused,  v. 
Dicervellare. 

Disc^sa  / ;  descent,  declivity. 
Disc6so  ;  part.  Discendere. 

*Discettare  (L.  disceptare,  to  decide,  <dis-t 
captare)  ;  i.  to  argue,  ii.  to  persecute,  iii.  to  break 
up,  D.  Par.  30.  46. 

*  Disceverare  ;  =  Sceverare,  to  separate. 

*  Dischernire  ;  =  Schernire,  to  scorn. 

*  DischestayC;  i.q.  Dischiesta. 

*  Dischettaccio  m. ;  prgg.  Desco. 
Disch^tto  m. ;  dim.  Disco.     *=Deschetto. 

*  Dischiarare  ;   i.    to  explain,     ii.   to  enlighten, 
iii.    to  purify. 

*  Dischiattare  ;  to  degenerate. 

*  Dischiavacciare  ;  to  unbolt. 

*  Dischiavare  (A)  (L.  clavus)  ;  i.  to  open.    ii.  to 
remove  the  nails  from.     iii.  =  Scoccare,  to  discharge 
(an  arrow),     iv.  to  uproot. 

(B)(It.  schiavo);  to  liberate. 


dere. 

*Dischier-are  ;  i.  to  throw  into  disorder,  ii.  to 
sunder,  iii.  -arsi,  to  leave  the  ranks. 

*Dischiest-a,  Dischesta  y.  or  -o  nt.\  dearth. 

Dischiodare  ;  =  Schiodare,  to  take  out  the  nails, 
to  burst  open. 

*  Dischiomare ;  =  Schiomare,  to  tear  out  the  hair. 

Dis-chiiidere  perf.  -chiusi,  part. 
-chiuso ;  to  open. 

*i.  to  disclose,     ii.  to  preclude. 

DiscMumare  ;  =  Schiumare,  to  re- 
move the  froth. 

*  Discieverare  ;=  Sceverare. 

*  DiscigUare  ;  to  unstitch  a  bird's  eyelids. 

t  Discimunire  ;=  Fare  sciniunito,  to  make  silly. 

*  Discindere  (L.)  ;  to  tear  off,  D.  Purg.  32.  43. 
Discinesfa  /.   (Gr.);    abolition    of    voluntary 

movement. 

Discingere ; 

undo. 

Discifcgliere,  for  conjug.  v.  Scio- 
gliere  ;  i.  to  undo,  let  loose.  2.  to  dis- 
solve. 3.  to  set  free.  4.  to  pardon. 

"i.  to  repay  (an  obligation),  ii.  to  resolve  (a 
doubt).  Part.  Disciolto:  iii.  =  Scapigliato,  dis- 
hevelled, iv.  free  from  influence,  D.  Purg.  28.  106. 
v.  =  Destro,  skilful,  vi.  of  a  horse,  easy  in  his 
action,  vii.  dissolute,  viii.  weakened  by  paralysis. 

Discioglim^nto  m.  ;  i.  dissolution. 
2.  decision,  determination  of  a  question. 

*  Discioltamente  ;   immoderately,  etc.,   v.   Di- 

sciogliere. 

Disci61to ;  part.  Disciogliere.  *As 
sb.,  incoherence. 


Scingere,  to  take  off, 


208 


DISCIORRE— DISDIRE 


*  Disciorre  ;  =  Disciogliere. 

*  Discipare  (variant  of  Dissipare)  ;  i.   to  rum. 
ii.  to  tear  (the  hair),     iii.  to  break  (a  bone),     iv.  to 
scatter,  disperse. 

*  Discipidezza  /  ;  =  Scipitezza,  insipidity. 

Disciplin-a  /  (L.,  <  discipulus,  v. 
Discepolo)  ;  I.  as  E.  2.  =  Insegna- 
mento,  instruction.  3.  =  Scienza  or 
Arte.  4.  punishment  ;  Sala  di  —  , 
punishment  room.  5.  in  pi.  (bot.)  = 
Persicaria  del  Levante,  oriental  persi- 
cary. 

Aff.  -abile,  -are  adj.  and  vb.  ,  -armente,  -ata  lash, 
v.  supra  (4),  -atamente,  -atezza  habit  of  obedience. 

*  Disciucarsi  ;  =  Cessare  d'  esser  ciuco,  v.  Ciuco. 
Disco  ttt.  (L.,  <  Gr.)  ;  i.  discus,  quoit.     2.  disk. 
Disc6bolo  m.;  i.  discus-thrower.    2.  the  family 

of  sucker  fishes,  Discoboli. 

*  Discoccare  ;  =  Scoccare,  to  shoot  off. 

*  Discoiare  ;  =  Scoiare,  to  skin. 

Discol-a  /,  -accio  pegg.  ;  v.  -o. 

*  Discolato  m.  ;    i.    military  enrolment  of  the 
unemployed,     ii.   v.  Discollato. 

Discol-eggiare  vb.t  -etto  or  -fno  dim.  vezz.\ 
v.  -o. 

Discollato  m.  ;  (mar.)  strake  below  the  gunwale, 
running  along  the  necks  of  a  vessel's  ribs. 

*Discollegare  ;=Sconnettere,  to  disconnect. 

Dlscol-0  (mlt.  discolus,  <  Gr.  Svtr- 
icoXor,  ill-tempered,  cp.  evKo\os,  good- 
tempered,  where  KO\OS  seems  to  be 
from  a  root  kel,  to  twist)  ;  idle,  dis- 
orderly, undisciplined.  Prender  per  —  , 
to  impress  into  military  service,  v.  Dis- 
colato. Fare  il  —  ,  to  play  truant. 
Collegio  or  Reclusione  di  -i,  house  of 
correction  or  detention  for  rogues  and 
vagabonds.  *unlettered,  rude. 

Discolor-are  ind.  discoloro  or  -ire  ind.  -isco  ; 
—  Scolorare,  to  discolour. 

Disc61p-a  /  ;  proof  of  innocence. 
Aff.  -are  vb. 

*  Discolpire  ;  =  Scolpire,  to  sculpture. 
Discoluccio  m.  ;  dim.  Discolo,  little  rascal. 

*Discommettere  ;  to  pull  to  pieces. 

*  Discom-pagnare,  *  -porre  ;  =  Scom-pagnare, 
etc. 

*  Discon-centrare,  *  -certare;  =  Scon-centrare, 

*  Discon-chiudere,  -cludere  ;  to  stop,  break  off. 

*  Disconci-are,  etc.  ;  —  Sconci-are,  etc. 

*  Disconcludere  ;  v.  Disconchiudere. 

*  Discondito  ;  =  Disordinato,  untidy. 

*  Disconfacevole  ;  unseemly,  unbecoming. 

*  Disconfarsi  ;  to  be  unsuited. 
Disconfessare  ind.  disconfesso  ;  i.  to  recant. 

2.  to  disavow. 

*  Disconf-idare,  *  -idente  ;  =  Diffid-are,  -ente. 
•Disconf-iggere;    i.  =  Sconfiggere.     ii.  =  Di- 

struggere  ;  *-itta  =  Sconfitta  ;  *-orme  =  Disforme. 

Disconfortare  ;  =  Sconfortare,  to 
discourage. 

Disconobbi  ;  perf.  Disconoscere. 
Disconoscente  ;  forgetful  of  benefits. 

Disconoscenza  /.  ;  i.  ignorance  of 
one's  true  position.  2.  v.  Discono- 
scente. 


.    wou    a       p,  ,        . 

adviser,  helpless. 

*Discon-solare,  -tentare  ;  =  Scon-solare,  -ten- 
tare. 

Discontinuare  ;  i.  to  break  the  continuity  of. 
2.  to  stop  the  continuance  of. 
Discontinu-ita,  -o  ;  as  E. 
Disconven-ivole,  -ienza;  i.q.  Sconvenevole, 
etc. 

Disconvenire,  conjug.  like  Venire  ; 
I.  to  be  unfitting.     2.  to  disagree. 


*Discoperta./;  Far  — ,  (rnar.)  to  go  upon  deck. 

Discoprire  ;  =  Scoprire,  to  uncover. 

*Discorare,    Discuorare;  =  Scorare,    to    dis- 
hearten. 

Discord-anza,  -are  vb.,  -e  out  of 
accord,  -entente,  -ia  ;  discordance,  etc. 
(L.  discors,  <dis-,  cor  heart). 

Disc6rr-ere  perf.  discorsi,  part. 
discorso  ;  I.  to  discourse;  Far  —  i 
morti,  to  alter  a  will ;  Non  se  ne  -e, 
it  is  outside  discussion,  it  is  indis- 
putable ;  Non  c'  e  da  -erne,  there  is 
no  use  discussing  it,  it  is  impossible. 

2.  -ersi,  of  lovers,  to  keep   company. 

3.  E  via  -endo,  and  so  on.    4.  to  ramble 
about.     5.  of  water,  etc.  =  Scorrere,  to 
flow. 

*i.  of  the  movement  of  a  shooting  star,  D.  Par. 
15.  14,  and  of  the  moving  of  the  Spirit  of  God  over 
the  waters,  D.  Par.  29.  21. 
Aff.  -it<5ra,  -itore. 

Disc6rs-a  f. ;  twaddle,  -accio  m. ; 
pegg.  of  -o.  -ettaccio  m.  ;  Pegg.  of 
-etto.  -6tto  m. ;  dim.,  -ino  m. ;  dim. 
•vezz.,  of  -o. 

Discorsiv-o  ;  discursive.  In  via  -a,  =  Cos'i 
discorrendo,  Di  passaggio,  in  passing. 

Disc6rs-o  m.;  i.  discourse.  2.  con- 
secutive thinking.  3.  part,  of  Dis- 
correre. 

Aff.  -one  augm.,  -ucciaccio  pegg.  spreg.,  -uccio 
spreg. 

*  Discorticare  ;=Scorticare,  to  skin. 

*  Discorzare ;  =  Scorzare,  to  peel. 

*  Discoscendere  ;    i.  =  Scoscendere,    to    burst. 
ii.   to  tear  down. 

Discosc^so ;  broken  (ground).  *rough 

(skin). 

*  Discosciare ;  =  Scosciare. 

Discost-are  ind.  discosto  (It.  dis-, 
costa) ;  to  separate,  pull  apart. 

Aff,  -amento,  -o  (for  -ato)  removed. 

*  Discostumare  ;  to  disaccustom. 

t  Discozzare  ;  =  Scoccjare  (Mar.)  to  unhook. 

Discrasio  m. ;  a  native  alloy  of  antimony  and 
silver. 

Discr6d-ere ;  i.  to  cease  believing  or 
simply  to  disbelieve.  2.  -ersi  =  Ricre- 
dersi,  to  change  one's  opinion. 

Discredit-are  v&.,  -o  sb.\  as  E. 
Discrepanza  /.  (L.,<dis-,  crepare,  to  rattle, 
>discrepare,  to  differ  in  sound);  discrepancy. 
Discret-amente,  -ezza,  -\nodim. ;  v,  -o. 

Discretiva  f. ;  faculty  of  discern- 
ment. 

Discretiv-o ;  i.  Facolt^  -a,  faculty 
of  discernment.  2.  discretionary. 

Discrete  (L.j  part,  of  discernere] ; 

1 .  moderate,    in    quantity    or    quality. 

2.  (math,  and  med.)  discrete. 

*  i.  discreet,  sensible,    ii.  —  latino,  wise  discourse, 
D.  Par.    12.    144.     iii.    as  sb.t  one  of  the  board  of 
management  m  certain  religious  communities. 

Discret6ccio  ;  vezz.  of  Discreto. 
*Discretorio  m.\  council-room,  v.  *  Discreto  (iii). 
Discrezional-e  ;  discretionary.    Aff.  -mente. 

Discrezi6n-e  /;  i.  as  E.  2.  A  or 
Per  — ,  by  intuition  ;  Quando  parla  lui 
bisogna  intenderlo  a  — ,  when  that  man 
speaks  one  has  to  make  out  what  he 
means  by  intuition  ;  Se  non  mi  sono 
spiegato  intendetemi  voi  per  — ,  if  I 
have  not  made  myself  clear  you  must 
use  your  own  good  sense  to  see  what 
I  mean.  3.  discretion,  moderation  in 


conduct,   in   asking.     4.    A  —  di   uno, 
in  his  hands,  at  his  discretion. 

*i.  discrimination,  ii.  Vostra  — ,  as  a  compli- 
mentary mode  of  address,  iii.  discretionary  payment, 
gift,  or  stake  in  play.  iv.  Alloggiato  a  — ,  (mil.) 
living  In  free  quarters,  v.  Le  due  -i,  the  two 
divisions  (occupied  by  pre-  and  post-christiaii  saints) 
of  the  ranks  in  Heaven,  D.  Par.  32.  41. 

*  Discriminate  «z.;=;Dirizzatoio,  tail-comb. 

*  Discriminatura  f. ;~  Dirizzatura,  hair-parimg. 

*  Discrollare  ;  =  ScroHare,  to  shake. 
*Discucire;  =  Scucire,  to  unstitch. 

*  Disculminarsi ;  of  a  hut,  to  lose  its  roof. 

*  Discumbere  (L.) ;  to  sit  down  to  table. 
Discuneare;  (print.)  to  unquoin,  take  out  the 

wedges. 

*  Discuoiare,  Discoiare;  i.  to  skin.    ii.  melon, 
to  remove. 

*  Discuorare  ;  v.  Discorare. 

*Discuotere;   i.  =  Scuotere,  to   shake,     ii.  =  Di- 
sc utere. 

*  Discursione  f.\  incursion. 

*  Discusare  ;  =  Scusare,  to  excuse. 
Discussi6ney.  (L.,  -v.  Discutere);  as  E. 

*Discussivo;  i.q.  Discuziente. 

Dis-cutere  ind.  -cuto,  perf.  -cussi, 
part,  -cusso  ;  to  discuss. 

Etym.  L.  discutere,  to  shatter,  <dis-t  qiiatere, 
to  shake ;  the  meaning  to  discuss,  ///.  to  separate 
mentally,  which  prevails  in  the  late  Latin  derivatives 
discussiot  examination,  discusser,  auditor  of  public 
accounts,  discussius  adv.,  more  minutely,  is  not 
known  to  occur  in  any  document,  though  it  was 
presumably  in  the  spoken  language  as  evidenced  by 
Italian  and  by  the  cognate  discuter  in  French. 

Ajf  Discutibile. 

*  Discuziente  ;  (med.)  dispersive. 
*Disdare;  i.  =  Sdarsi,  to  lose  heart,     ii.   to  give 

up,  cease  from. 

*  Disdegnamento  »/.;i.  =Sdegno,  Indignazione. 
ii.  disdain. 

Disdegnare ;  to  disdain. 

Disdegno  ?«.;  disdain.  *i.  =  Nausea,  ii.  of- 
fence, insult,  iii.  Recarsi  una  cosa  a  — ,  to  be 
offended  by  it. 

Disdegn6so;  =  Sdegnoso,  disdainful. 

Disd^ttay^;  i.  notice  to  leave,  either 
from  landlord  to  tenant  or  vice  versd. 
2,  notice  by  a  creditor  to  call  in  a  loan, 
or  by  a  debtor  of  his  intention  to  pay 
off.  3.  bad  luck,  esp.  at  cards;  Mutiamo 
posto,  perche  qui  c'  e  la  — ,  let  us 
change  seats,  for  this  one  is  unlucky. 
4.  forfeit. 

*i.  denial;  Dare — ,  to  contradict,  ii.  period  of 
notice  to  leave,  iii.  discredit. 

Disde*tto ;  part.  Disdire.  *As  sb.  = 
Disdetta. 

*  Disdicciato;  unlucky  at  play. 

Disdic&nte;  part.  Disdire  (B). 

Disdic^vole  ;  unseemly,  v.  Disdire 
(B). 

Disd-ire  perf.  -issi,  part,  -etto  (A) 
(It.  dis-,  dire);  I.  to  deny  having  said. 
2.  to  give  notice  to  quit,  or  to  quit, 
11.  Disdetta  (i) ;  —  una  societa,  to 
resign  membership;  --  un'  amicizia, 
to  renounce  a  friendship.  3.  to  refuse 
(a  request).  4.  —  la  posta,  at  cards,  to 
pass,  not  to  play  that  round.  5.  -irsi,  to 
retract. 

(B)  (L.  dis-,  decere);  to  be  unbecom- 
ing. 

*  L  to  forbid,     ii.  to  deny  ;  Quando  si  vedessono 
il  bello  non  si  vergognerebbono  di  disdire  i  deposit! 
a  lor  commessi,  if  they  saw  their  advantage  they 
would  not  be  ashamed  to  deny  having  received  the 
deposits  entrusted  to  them,     -irsi :    iii.    to  disclaim, 
D.  Purg.  3.  109.     iy.   to  lose  in  comparison  ;  Si  dis- 
direbbe  Raffaello,  it  is  what  Raffaello  could  not  do 
so  well ;   Se  o^uesti  panni  fussero  di  carta  o  di  ra- 
gnateli,  si  disdirebbe  al  freddo  che  io  sento,  if  I  were 
dressed  in  paper  or  cobwebs   I  should  not   feel   so 
cold  as  I  do. 


DISDIZIO— DISJNTERESSE 


209 


*  Disdizio  w/.;=Cosa  dJMlicevole. 
*Disdorare;  to  ungild. 

Disdoro  tti.  (Span,  desttoro,  <  L.  tie-decorits); 
disgrace. 

*  Disdoss-ay".,  -o  tu.\  Alia  -a,  or  t  A  -o,  bare- 
backed, v.  Bisdosso. 

*Disdotto;  i.  part.  Disducere.  ii.  as  sb.t 
amusement. 

*Disdutto  7H. ;  i.q.  Disdotto  (ii). 
*Diseccatoio  HI. ;=Seccatoio,  drying-place. 
'Diseducare;  to  educate  in  wrong. 

Disegnare  (L.,<<fe,  sigiium,  to  show 
by  marks,  v.  Segno);  i.  to  draw.  2.  to 
design.  3.  to  describe. 

* —  in  Una  cosa,  to  depend  upon  it,  build  upon  it. 
—  di  uno,  to  depend  upon  him,  trust  to  him. 

Disegnatdio  m. ;  =  Matitatoio,  cray- 
on-case. 

Disegn-at6re  »t.,  -atora  -atriceyl;  designer. 
Disegn-etto  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  of-o. 

Disegn-o  m.;  I.  design,  drawing. 
2.  art  of  designing.  3.  design,  inten- 
tion. 4.  Colorire  un  — ,  fig.  to  put  a 
plan  into  execution.  5.  Far  -i  sopra 
una  cosa,  to  depend  upon  it,  build 
upon  it. 

*i.  skill  in  designing,  ii.  =  Garbo,  grace  in 
moving.  iii.  Per  — ,  with  a  secret  intention, 
iv.  (leg.)  minutes,  notes,  v.  sign,  indication. 

Diseguale;  v.  Disuguale. 

*  Disellare ;  to  unsaddle. 

*  Disembrare;  =  Discordare. 

*  Disembriciare ;  to  remove  the  tiles. 

Disenfiare ;  to  take  down  the  swell- 
ing of,  or  intr.  to  go  down,  cease  to  be 
swollen. 

*  Disen-nato;  =  Dissennato.     * -sato  ;  =  Insen- 
sato. 

*Disent-ire;  -irsi  con  uno,  —  Intendersela  con 
lui. 

Disequilibr-are ;  to  upset  the  balance  of. 
Aff.  -io. 

*  Diserbare ;  to  weed. 

Disered-are  ind.  diieredo;  to  disinherit.  Atf. 
-azione. 

•Diserrare;  i.  to  unlock,  ii.  fo  break  up  (a 
crowd),  iii.  Jig.  to  expound. 

Disertare  ind.  discrto  (v.  Deserto);  i.  to  turn 
into  desert,  to  devastate.  2.  to  desert. 

*  i.  fig.  to  ruin.     ii.  to  kill.     iii.   to  miscarry. 
•Diserto(A);  i.  =Deserto.     ii.  havoc. 

(B)  (L.  disertus,  prob.  for  **  dis-sertus,  v.  Dis- 
sertare) ;  clear  (speaker). 

Dlsert6re.A  (L., <deserere,  to  undo);  deserter. 
•Diservire;  r.  Disservire. 
Diserzibne/;  desertion. 

*  Disettay;  (L.  ttesccta,  cp.  Kr.  disette) ;  poverty. 
Disfaci-mento,  -t6re  ;  v.  Disfare. 
Disfaci-tura  f. ;     breaking    up,    or    the    old 

materials  resulting. 

*  Disfaldare  ;=  Sfaldare. 
•Disfallo  m.;=Pentimento. 

Disfamare;  =  Sfamare,  to  defame. 
*Disfangare;  =  Sfangare,  to  get  out  of  the  mud. 

Disf-are,  for  conjug.  v.  Fare;  to 
undo,  to  take  to  pieces,  to  defeat  (an 
army),  to  empty  (a  wardrobe) ;  -arsi, 
to  fall  to  pieces  ;  -arsi  di,  to  get  rid  of; 
-arsi  dalle  risa,  to  die  with  laughing. 

•Di«fasciare;  =  Sfasciare,  to  unswathe. 

Disfatta/;  defeat. 

Disfatticcio ;  left  uncultivated  for  some  years. 
•Disfatto;  i.  part.  Disfare.     ii.    as  *£.  =  Mis- 
fatto. 

*  Disfavillare  ;  =  Sfavillare,  to  flash. 
Disfav6r-e;=:Sfavore,  disfavour.     *i.    misfor- 
tune, accident,    ii.  A  or  In  —  di,  in  opposition  to 
AO-  -evole. 

tDisfazio  m.  ;  =  Disfacimento,  undoing. 
•Disfazipne/;  i.  ruin.     ii.  thawing. 

*  Disfecciare  ;  to  purify. 

Disferenziare  ;  i.  to  differentiate. 
2.  to  sort  out  a  number  of  things  so 
that  they  show  a  variety  of  form  and 
colour. 

*  Dis-ferrare,  -fibbiare;  =  Sferrare,  Sfibbiare. 

H. 


Disfida  /  ;    challenge,    usu.    to    a 
friendly  contest  or  game,  v.  Sfida. 

Disfidare  ind.  disfido  (orig.  to  dis- 
trust, from  It.  dis-,  fidare)  ;  to  challenge. 

*i.    to  distrust,      ii.    to   disown,      iii.    of  a   sick 
person?  to  give  up  hope  of  his  recovery. 

*  Disfingere  ;  =  Infingersi,  to  dissimulate. 

*  Disfinire  ;  to  settle,  to  decide  (a  dispute). 
•Disfino  che;  until. 

Disfiorare;  i.ij.  Sfiorare,  to  deflower. 

*  Disfogare  ;  =  Sfogare,  to  give  vent  to. 
Disformare  ;  i.q.  Sformare,  to  deform. 
Disform-e  ;  =  Difforme,  not  in  conformity,  dis- 

cordant.    AJj.  -ita. 

*  Disfornare;=Sfornare,  to  take  from  the  oven. 
Disfortunato;  fop.  for  Sfortunato. 

*  Disfragellare;  =  SfrageIlare,  to  shatter. 
*Disfranc-are;    i.    to  rob   of  liberty,   D.   Par. 

7.  79.     ii.    -arsi,  to  lose  heart. 

*  Disfrancesare  ;   i.  =Sfrancesare,  to  free   from 
Gallicisms,     ii.  to  cure  of  the  inal/rttncese,  syphilis. 

*  Disfratare  ;  =  Sfratare,  to  unfrock. 

*  Disfren-are  ;  =  Sfrenare,  to  unrein.    *-o,  un- 
bridled:. 

*  Disfrodare  ;  =  I  >efratidare. 

*  Disfrondare  ;  =  Sfrondare,  to  deprive  of  leaves. 
*Disgambare;=Sgambare,  to  cut  off  the  legs. 
tDisgambettarc;  =  Smanigliare,  to  unshackle. 

Disgangherare;  =  Sgangherare,  to  unhinge. 

*  Disgannare  ;  =  Disingannare,  to  undeceive. 

Disgarbare  ;  to  displease. 


Disgreg-are  ind.  disgrego  ;  to  dis- 
integrate, to  separate.  Ajf.  -abile, 
-ameYito,  -ativo,  -azione. 


. 
*  Disgittarsi  ;  to  l)e  depressed. 


Disgilin-gere  (Digiungere)  ;  to  dis- 
join. Aff.  -gimdnto,  -tam^nte,  -tiva- 
mdnte,  -tivo,  -zione. 

*  Disgiustarsi  ;  to  come  out  of  adjustment. 

*  Disgocciolarsi  ;  =  Sgocciolarsi,  i.  to  drain  off. 
ii.  fig.   to  lose  strength. 

*  Disgolettare;  to  cut  the  throat. 

*  Disgombera  f.  ;  =  Kipulita. 

Disgombrare  ;  i.q.  Sgombrare,  to 
quit,  to  empty. 

Disgradare  ;  to  put  to  shame. 
Ostinazione  da  disgradarne  un  mulo, 
greater  obstinacy  than  that  of  a  mule. 

*i.    to  displease,     ii.    to   defy.     iii.  =  Degradare. 
iv.  =  Deviare. 

Disgrad^vole  ;  unpleasant. 
Disgradire  ;  =  Sgradire,  to  displease. 
Disgrado  ;  Avere  a  —  ,  to  dislike. 

'  Disgramare  ;  to  cheer  up. 

*  Disgran-are  ;    i.  =  -eIlarc.      ii.    (mar.)  to   dis- 
engage. 

•Disgranellare;  to  pluck  the  grain  from  (ears 
of  corn). 

*  Disgraticolare  ;    to   destroy   the    form   of  a 
grating. 

Disgratigli-are;  (mar.)  to  take  off  the  bolt- 
ropes.  Vela  -ata,  sail  blown  away  from  the  bolt- 
ropes. 

DiSgravare  ;  i.q.  Sgravare,  to  de- 
liver. *to  undo  the  burden  of,  D.  Par. 
18.  6. 

*  Disgra  vio  m.  ;  discharge. 

Disgrazia  /  ;  i.  misfortune,  ac- 
cident. 2.  ill-fortune.  3.  In  —  di, 
out  of  favour  with  ;  Prender  uno  in  —  , 
to  be  displeased  with  him. 

*  Disgraziare  ;  i.  =  Disgradare,  to  put  at  a  lower 
grade,     z.    to  esteem  of  no  value.     3.    to  refuse 
thanks  for. 

Difsgrazi-ato  ;  i.  unfortunate.  2. 
wretched;  —  ,  cos'  hai  fatto?  you 
wretched  creature,  what  have  you  done? 
Aff.  -atamdnte. 

Didgrazidso  ;  hateful,  the  opposite 
of  Grazioso. 


*Disgruppare;  i.q.  Disgroppare. 

*  Disgruzzplare  ;  to  squander, ».  Raggruzzolare 

*  Disguagli-are  ;  to  differentiate.     Aff.  -o  i« 
Disguale  ;=  Uisuguale,  unequal. 

*  Disguardare  ;  to  cease  looking  at. 

Disguido  HI.;  i.  of  a  letter,  going 
astray  in  the  post.  2.  of  a  train,  de- 
railment. 

*  Disguizzolare ;  to  rummage,  turn  upside  down. 

Disgust-are  ;  i.  to  disgust.  2.  -arsi, 
to  become  less  friendly.  3.  to  be  un- 
pleasing  to  the  senses.  4.  -ato,  used 
up,  blast;  Fare  il  -ato,  to  affect  in- 
difference. 

Ajff".  ^evole  (less  strong  than  -oso),  -o  s6.,  -osa- 
mente,  -oso. 

*  Disianza  /.;  desire,  or  object  of  desire, 
t  Disiarco  m. ;  =  Eresiarca. 

*  Disiare  or  Disiderare  ;  to  desire. 

*  Disigillare  ;  v.  DissigilLtrc. 

Disilhisione  f.;  as  E. 
Disimballare ;  to  unpack. 
Disimbastire ;  to  unstitch. 

*Disimbustare;  to  decapitate. 

Disimpacciare  ;  to  free  from  em- 
barrassment. 

Disimparare  ;  to  forget. 
Disimpastoiare ;  to  disencumber. 

Disimpegnare ;  i.  to  discharge, 
perform  (duties).  2.  to  release  from 
an  obligation.  3.  (mar.)  to  disengage, 
get  clear. 

Disimp6gno  m. ;  v.  Disimpegnare. 
Fare  una  cosa  per  — ,  to  do  it  just 
because  one  said  one  would.  Abito  di 
— ,  dress  that  will  do  sufficiently  well. 

Disirnpiegare  iitd.  disintpiego;  to  throw  out  of 
work. 

Disimpun-ire  iiui.  -isco;  to  unsew. 

Disinamidare  ind.  disinamido;  =  Snamidiire, 
to  unstarch. 

*  Disinare;  — Desinare,  to  dine. 
Disincagliare;  to  float  a  stranded  ship. 
Disincant-are;  to  disenchant.     Aff.  -esimo. 
Disincatenare  ind.  disincatcno;  to  unchain. 
Disincerare ;  =  Sincerare,  to  verify. 
Disinclinazioney ;  as  E. 
Disincolpare  ind.  disincdlpo;  to  exonerate. 

*  Disincontrato ;  without  the  article  to  match. 
Disincorporare  ind.  di;inc6rporo;  to  dissolve, 

deprive  of  corporate  rights. 

Disindur-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  soften,  make  pliant. 

*  Disinenzay;  =  Desinen7.a,  ending. 
Disinfangare  ;  to  clean  from  mud. 
Disinfer-ire  ind.  -isco;  (war.) to  unbend  a  sail 
Disinf-ettare   ind.    -etto;   to  disinfect.     Aff. 

-ezione. 

'Disinfingere;  to  pretend  not  to  have,  or  see.  a 
thing. 

Disingaggiare  ;  to  withdraw  from  battle. 

Disingann-are  ;  to  undeceive.     Aff.  -o  sf. 

Disingranare  ind.  disingrano;  to  throw  out  of 
gear. 

Disingranat6re  m. ;  i.  disengaging  gear. 
2.  —  di  un  argano,  pointer,  locally  termed  Forfe. 
3-  —  a  piede  di  capra  per  arrestatoi  della  catena, 
wedge  of  a  controller. 

Disinnamor-are  ind.  disinnamoro  (Disnamor- 
are);   to   produce  cessation   of  love,  to  put  out  of 
conceit  with.     Ajf.  -ame'nto. 
*Disino;=Infino,  until. 
*Disinore  ;«. ;  =  Disonore. 

Disinsegnare  ///(/.  disinsegno;  to  unteach. 
*Disintendere ;  i.  to  misunderstand,    ii.  not  to 
attend. 

Disinteressare  ind.  disintercsso;  to  buy  out. 

Disinteressat-o;  disinterested.    Aff.  -amente. 

Disinteresse  tn. ;  disinterestedness. 

27 


2IO 


DISINTONACARE— DISPRATICABILE 


Disintonacare  ind.  disintonaco ;  =  Stonacare, 
to  remove  the  whitewash. 

Disintugliare;  (mar.)  to  unbend,  unlash  a 
rope. 

Disinvasare  ;  =  Svasare,  to  unpot,  take  out  of 
the  pots. 

Disinvent6re  m. ;  inventor  of  trash. 

Disinvit-are;  to  cancel  invitation.    Ajff".  -o  sb. 

Disinvolt-o ;  self-possessed,  cool. 
Aff.  -amente. 

Disinvoltura  /. ;  i.  ease.  2.  cool- 
ness, impudence. 

*Disio  w.;  =  Desio,  desire. 

t  Dis|pola./;=Risipola,  erysipelas. 

*  Disistancarsi ;  to  take  rest. 
Disistim-a/!;  disesteem.     Aft.  -are  vb. 

*  Disiecorare ;  i.   to  remove  the  liver,     ii.  fig* 
to  soften. 

*Disiovare  (L.  jwvare)\  to  hurt. 
Dislacciarc;  to  unlace,  unbuckle. 

*  Dislagarsi ;  to  rise  out  of  the  water. 

*  Dislamare;  to  break  in  pieces. 
*Dislargare;  =  Slargare,  to  spread  out. 

*  Dislattare  ;-  Slattare,  to  wean. 
Disleale;  =  Sleale,  unloyal. 
Dislocamento  m.\  (mar.)  displacement. 

*Djsonnarsi;  to  awake. 

Disonor-are  ind.  disonoro;  to  dishonour,  *to 
take  away  the  ornaments.  -Aff,  -atore,  -e,  -e*vole, 
-evolmente. 

*DisoppelHre;-Disseppe1Iire,  to  disinter. 
Disoppil-are  ;  (wed.)  to  clear.     Aff.  -ativo. 
Disopra;  =  Di  sopra,  i>.  Di. 

*  Disorbitare  ;  to  be  excessive. 
Disordin-are    ind.    disordino ;     -atamcnte, 

-at6re,  -atrice;  -e,  -uccio  dim. ;  to  disorder,  etc. 
Disorganizz-are,  -azione  ;  as  E. 

Disorient-are  ind.  disoriento ;  to 
upset  the  ideas  of.  -arsi,  to  lose  one's 

bearings. 

Disorlare  ind.  dis6rlo  ;  to  undo  the 
edge  of. 

Disormeggiare/';/^.  disorme'ggio;  to 

unmoor. 

Disorpellare  ind.  disorpello;  i.  to 
remove  the  tinsel.  2.  fig.  to  unmask, 
show  the  true  character  of. 

*  Disorrare;=Disonorare. 

Disoss-ere  ind.  disosso ;  to  bone. 
*-arsi,  fig.  to  lose  energy. 

Disossid-are  ind.  disossido  ;  to  de- 
oxidise. Aff.  -azione. 

Disotterrare  ;  i.q.  Dissotterrare. 
Disotto  ;  underneath,  v.  Sotto. 

*Disovolato;  dislocated. 

Disovrare  ;  to  be  not  at  work. 

*  Disovvenire  ;  v.  Dissovvenirsi. 
*Dispaccare;-Spaccare,  to  split. 

Dispacciare  (v.  Impacciare) ;  to 
telegraph. 

*  i.  to  get  out  of  a  difficulty,     ii.  to  send. 

Dispaccio  m.  (It.  dispacciare) ;  I.  de- 
spatch. 2.  telegram. 

*i.  academic  diploma.    ii.  =  Spaccio,  sale.    iii.  un 
difficile  — ,  a  difficult  matter  to  dispose  of. 

Dispaiare  ;  =  Spaiare,  to  dispro- 
portion. 

*  Dispandere  ;=Spandere,  to  spread  abroad. 

*  Dispantanare  ;  to  get  out  of  the  bog. 

*  Disparare  ;  i.  =  Dispaiare.     ii.  to  unlearn. 

Disparat-o ;  diverse.    Aff.  -ame'nte. 

*  Disparecchi ;  more  than  several. 
*Disparecchiare;-Sparecchiare,   to  clear  the 

table. 

*  Dispareggiare ;  to  render  unequal. 

Dispare're  ;«.;  difference  of  opinion. 

*As  vb.,  i.    to  disappear,     ii.  =  Scomparire,  to 
look  bad. 

*  Disparevole ;  fleeting. 
*Dispargere;^Spargere,  to  scatter. 


Dispari;  i.  odd  (number).  2.  differ- 
ent, unequal.  3.  (mar.)  starboard 
(watch),  v.  Guardia  (3). 

Disparire  ind.  disparisco  disparisci 
dispare  (no  first  plur.)  disparfte  di- 
spdionp,  perf.  disparfi  or  disparvi  di- 
sparisti  disparve  (*disparse  or  *dispari) 
disparimmo  dispariste  disparvero,  part. 
disparito;  =  Sparire,  to  disappear. 

Disparita  / ;  as  E. 
Disparizidne  / ;  =  Sparizione. 

*  Disparlare;  =  Sparlare,  to  speak  against. 

*  Disparmente ;  unequally. 

*  D  i  spart  am  e  nt  e  ;  =  Spartamente,  separately. 

Disparte;  In — .aside. 
Dispartire  ;  =  Spartire,  to  separate. 

*Dispart-o;  sync,  for  -ito,  divided. 

*  Disparuto;— Sparuto,  thin,  poor  looking. 
Dispassare ;  (tuar.)  to  unreeve  (a  rope  from  a 

block). 

*  Dispassionamento  in. ;  cessation  of  passion. 
*Dis-pastoiare,      -paventare,      *-pegnare, 

*-pegnere,   *-pendere ;— Spastoiare,    Spaventare, 
etc. 

Disp&ndi-O  m. ;  expense,  *  provision 
for  the  day.  Aff.  -osamdnte,  -oso. 

*  Dispcnnarc ;  =  Spennare. 

Dispensa/;  i.  distribution.  2.  dis- 
pensation, exemption.  3.  pantry,  store- 
room. 4.  glass-cupboard.  5.  part,  of 
a  book  published  in  parts. 

*i.  allotted  portion,  D.  Purg.  27.  72.     ii.  — Spcsa, 
expense,     iii.  =  Procaccio,  carrier. 

Dispens-are  (L.  dis,  pensare  freq.  of 
pcndere,  to  pay,  v.  Pendere);  i.  to  dis- 
pense. 2.  to  exempt.  3.  —  il  silenzio, 
to  relax  the  rule  of  silence. 

*  i.  =  Scpmpartire.     ii.  to  consume  (time),     iii.  11 
suo  cammin  aispensa,  she  makes  her  way,  Ariosto, 
Orl.  Fur.  32.  60.     iv.   to  make  accessible. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ativo,  -attire,  -atrice. 

Dispensazi6ne  /;  i.  distribution, 
arrangement.  2.  providence.  3.  favour, 
privilege.  4.  dispensation,  exemption. 

*i.  rules  of  management,     ii.  management. 

Dispensiera  f.  ;  i.  stewardess. 
2.  (poet.)  dispenser. 

Dispensiere  m. ;  steward. 

Dispens-inayl;  dim.  of -a. 
Dispensino    m.  ;     (mar.)    mess,    store-room. 
*i.    will,  intention,     ii.    expense. 

Dispensucciayl;  dim.  sj>reg.  Dispensa. 

*  Dispento  ;  part.  Dispegnere. 

Disperare  ind.  dispero ;  to  despair. 

Disper-ato  ;  desperate.  Aff.  -ata- 
mdnte,  -azione. 

Disperd-ere,  for  conjug.  v.  Perdere ; 

1.  to  scatter.    2.  to  waste.   Aff. -\ 

Dispergere  (L.) ;  perf.  disp 
disperse ;  to  scatter. 

Disp^ro  »i.;  Essere  un  — ,  to  be  a 
desperate  affair. 

*  Disperse  ;  =  Di  per  se,  separately. 
Dispers-i6ne,  -ivo;  asE. 

Disperse  ;  part,  of  Disperdere  and 
of  Uispergere. 

*Dispesa_/?;  =  Spesa,  expense. 
Dispettaccio  m. ;  tegg.  of  Dispetto. 

*  Dispettare  ;  i.  to  despise,    ii.  to  annoy,    iii.  — 
in  parole,  to  revile,     iv.  intr.  to  grow  angry. 

Dispettino  m. ;  dim.  Dispetto. 

Dispetto  m.  (L.  despectus);  \.  spite. 

2.  A  (mio)  marcio  — ,  in  spite  of  all  (I) 
could  do.     3.   scorn ;   Avere  in  — ,  to 


despise.     4.  ill-temper.     5.  indignation, 
D.  Purg.  15.  96. 

*i.    S.    Francesco... andando   tuitu   in   — , 
utterly  careless  of  himself,     ii.    Rendere  m  — ,  to 
bring    into    contempt,    D.    Inf.    16.    29.      As    ndj.\ 
iii.    vile,  D.   Inf.  9.  91.     iv.   hateful,     v.    despised. 

Dispett6s-o  ;  spiteful,  ill-tempered. 

*  i.    of  scenery,  savage,      i  i.    piteous,    miserable. 
iii.   scornful,  disdainful,      iv.    provocative  of  an^cr. 

Aff.  -accio /*££-.,  •ame'nte,  -i-Ilo  -mu  dims. 
Dispettuccio  m.\  dim.  Dispetto. 

Dispiac-e"re  ind.  dispiacio,  perf.  di- 
spiacqui  dispiacdsti,  if.  Piacere ;  i.  to 
displease.  2.  as  sb.,  displeasure.  Aff. 
-ente,  -enza,  -eruccio  dim^  -evole,  -evo- 
le*zza,  -evolme'nte,  -imdnto. 

Dispiacqui;  perf.  Dispiacere. 

*  Dispianazione  f. ;  explanation. 

*  Dispiantare ;  =  Spiantare. 
*Dispiatayi;  savagery. 

Dispiccare  ;  =  Spiccare,  to  detach. 
Di  vera  luce  tenebre  dispicchi,  thou 
dost  make  obscurity  where  all  is  clear, 
D.  Purg.  15.  66. 

*  Dispicciare;  — Spicciare,  to  set  free. 

Dispiegare;  =  Spiegare,  to  unfold. 
Dispietato  ;  =  Spietato,  pitiless. 

*D|spingere;  to  paint  out. 

*  Dispitto   /«.;    alteration   of  Dispetto,   for   the 
rhyme,  D.  Inf.   10.  36. 

*  Dispiu;  — Di  piu. 

*  Dispiumare  ;  =  Spiuniarc,  to  deprive  of  feathers. 

*  Displanato  ;  razed  to  the  ground. 

*  Displicare  ;  — Esplicare,  to  explain. 

*  Displuviato;  (roof)  with  two  .slo)*:.-,. 

Dispodest-are  or  Dispotest-are ; 
=  Spotestare,  to  dispossess,  -arsi  di,  to 
abdicate. 

Dispogliare;  =  Spogliare,  to  undress. 
Dispolpare  ;  =  Spolpare,  to  strip. 
Disponente  »t. ;  (/c_f.)  testator. 

*  Disponere ;  v.  Disporre. 

Disponibile  ;  disposable. 

Disponibilita  / ;  In  — ,  on  the  re- 
serve with  half  pay. 

Disponitivo ;  -  Dispositive. 

*  Disponsare  ;  =  Disposare. 

Disp6r-re  (Disponere),  for  conjitg. 
v.  Porre;  i.  to  dispose.  2.  Ho  di- 
sposto  di  abbandonare  Firenze,  I  have 
arranged  to  leave  Florence.  3.  -si,  to 
prepare.  4.  Tenere  il  corpo  ben  disposto, 
to  keep  the  bowels  open. 

*  i.  to  depose,    ii.  to  take  down.    iii.  to  expound, 
iv.    to  display,  D.  Purg.  10.  54.     v.    to  compose  (a 
hymn),     vi.   to  expose  (to  danger),     vii.  to  prepare, 
D.  Par.  26.  in. 

*  Disposare,  Disponsare;  i.  to  betroth,    ii.  to 
marry. 

Dispositiv-o ;  i.  ->.  Disporre.  2.  La  -aj  (leg.) 
the  operative  part  of  a  judgment. 

Disposizidne  / ;  i.  disposition. 
2.  preparation.  3.  Dare  in  cattiva  — , 
to  go  into  consumption.  4.  (leg.)  pro- 
vision. 

*i.  condition,  D.  Purg.  32.  10.  ii.  exposition. 
Cose  d'  acuta  — ,  matters  difficult  to  explain, 
iii.  sediment. 

*  Disposta  f. ;  =  Disposizione. 

Disposte'zza  /  ;  symmetry,  shapeli- 
ness of  bodily  figure.  *activity,  nimble- 
ness. 

Disp6sto /<*/•/.  Disporre,  * 'As  adj.:  i.  placed. 
Ben  — ,  conveniently  placed,  D.  Purg.  33.  21. 
ii.  Ben  — ,  or  simply  — ,  in  good  health,  iii.  well- 
formed,  shapely,  iv.  Far  del  — ,  to  display  activity. 

Dispdsto  ;//.;  legal  disposition,  regulation. 

Dispotestare  ;  =  Dispodestare,  to  dispossess. 

Dispot-icamente.  -ico,  -ismo  ;  as  E. 

*  Dispraticabile  ;  unsociable,  v.  Praticare. 


DISPREGEVOLE— DISTICO 


21  I 


Dispreg-6vole  contemptible,  -iare 
vb.,  -iativame'nte,  -iativo,  -iat6re, 
-iatrice;  v.  Dispregio. 

Dispregio  m.  (variant  of  Disprezzo) ; 
=  Spregio,  disdain.  Avere  in  — ,  to 
care  nothing  for.  Fare  un  —  a  uno,  to 
offer  him  an  affront. 

*i.    infamous  reputation,   D.   Inf.  8.    51.     ii.    in- 
famous action,  D.   Par.   19.  114. 

*  Dispregnare  ;  =  Spregnare,  to  bring  forth. 

*  Disprendere  ;  to  learn  not  to  do  (a  thing). 

*  Dispresciare  ;=  Dispregiare. 

Disprezz-are  ind.  disprezzo  (L.  dis-, 
pretiare,  <p>-ftiu»t,  price) ;  I.  to  despise. 
2.  to  disparage.  *to  disregard. 

AJf.  -abile,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -o  sb. 
Disproporzidne  f. ;  =  Sproporzione. 

*  Dispulare  ;  =  Spulare,  to  winnow. 

*  Dispulcellare  ;•=  Sverginare,  to  deflower. 

*  Dispumare  ;=  Spumare. 
Dispungere  ;  to  examine  (an  account). 

*  Dispuro  ;  impure. 

Disput-a  sl>.,  -abile,  -abilita,  -are,  -ativo, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione  ;  as  E. 
Ety»i.  L.  dis-,  putare,  to  cleanse,  v.  supra,  sub 
Computare. 


Jlsquillai    .        . 
Disquisizidne  f.  (L.)  ;  as  E. 

*  Disquoiare  ;  =  Scuoiare,  to  skin. 

*  Disragionare;  =  Sragionare,  to  reason  falsely. 

*  Disramare  ;=  Diramare,  q.v.,  A,  and  B. 

*  Disredare ;  =  Diseredare,  to  disinherit. 

*  Disrompere  ;  to  break  up. 

*  Disrozzare;  =  Dirozzare,  to  take  off  the  rough- 
ness. 

*  Disruggin-are  or   -ire  ;  =  Dirugginire,  to  re- 
move the  rust. 

*  Disruvidire  ;  i.q.  Disrozzare. 

*  Dissaccare  ;  i.q,  Disaccare,  to  empty. 
Dissaco  ?n. ;  (bot.)—  Cardo,  teasel,  Dipsacvs. 

*  Diss-acrare    or    -agrare ;  =  Sconsacrare,    to 
secularist. 

Dissalare  ind.  dissalo;   to  soak  (salt  fish)  in 
fresh  water  so  as  to  remove  the  salt. 

*  Dissaldato  ;  unsoldered. 

Dissalmastrare ;  (mar.)  to  unseize. 

Dissangu-are ;  to  bleed  to  exhaustion, 
Jig.  to  fleece. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Dissanguinare;  to  wash  the  blood  (from  hides). 

*  Dissaplto  ;=Scipito,  silly. 

Dissapore  m. ;    unpleasantness  be- 
tween friends. 

*  Dissaporito  ;  tasteless. 
Dissaporuccio  ;«.;  dim.  Dissapore. 

*  Dissavere  or  Disavere  m. ;  ignorance. 

*  Dissavoroso;  tasteless. 
Dissavvorrare  (It.  zavorra) ;  to  remove   the 

ballast. 

Dissec-are  ind.  dissdco  (L.) ;  to  dis- 
sect.    Aff.  -azione. 

Dissecc-are    ind.  dissdcco   (Disec- 
care) ;  to  dry  up.     Aff.  -ativo. 

Disselciare  ind.  dissdlcio ;  to  unpave. 

*  Dissellare  ;  i.  to  fall  from  the  saddle.     2.  tr. 
to  unhorse. 

*  Dissembrare ;  to  be  unlike. 
Disseminare  hid.  dissemino;  as  E. 

Dissenn-are  ind.  dissdnno  ;    to  de- 
prive of  sense.     Aff.  -atame'nte,  -atdzza. 

Dissensato  ;=  Dissennato,  senseless. 

Djssens-i6ne,/;  dissension,     -o  m.',  dissent. 

*  Dissentaneo  ;  not  in  full  agreement. 
Dissenter-ia  (Disenteria)y!;  dysentery.     Aff. 

•ico.  Etytn.  Gr,,<8u<r-  and  «ir«pa,  the  bowels,  < 
•V  in,  with  comparal.  suffix  -r«p.  For  Jiw-,  v.  supra, 
Dis-. 

Dissentim6nto  m. ;   i.q.   Uissenso, 
dissent. 

Dissentire  ind.  dissento  ;  as  E. 
Dissenziente :  dissentient. 
Dissepa  rare ;  =  Separare. 


Disseppell-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii, 
part,  disseppellito  or  dissepolto;  i.  to 
take  up  from  a  grave.  2.  to  unearth. 
3.  mpart.,  unburied.  Aff.  -it6re. 

Disserrare  ind.  disserro  ;  to  unlock, 
to  unfasten. 

*  i.  to  draw  forth,    ii.  to  urge  to  full  speed,     iii.  =: 
Vibrare,  to  strike. 

Dissert  -are  ind.  disserto(L.,yr>y.  of  disserere, 
to  disjoin,  discuss) ;  to  hold  forth,  argue.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azioncella  dim.,  azione. 

*  Disservire  or  Diservire  ;  to  do  an  ill  turn  to. 

Dissest-are  ind.  dissesto  (7'.  Sesto) ; 
to  embarrass  financially,  -arsi,  to  get 
one's  affairs  into  disorder.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Dissetarc  ind.  dissdto;  to  quench 
the  thirst. 

Disse-ttdre  m. ;  dissector,  -zidne/ ; 
dissection. 

Dissiden-te  ;  dissident,  -za,/ ;  dis- 
sent. 

Dissidio  m. ;  dissension. 

Dissigillare  (Disigillare,  Disuggel- 
lare) ;  to  unseal ;  of  snow,  to  lose  marks 
of  footprints  on  melting,  I).  Par.  33.  64. 

Dissillabo  ;  adj.  or  sb.,  as  E. 

Dissimil-e;  unlike.     Aff.  -itudine. 

Dissirnul-are  inii.  dissimulo,  -atamente, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -azibne  :  to  pretend,  dissimulate, 
etc. 

Dissip-are  ind.  dissipo  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Dissipate)  ;  as  E.  *  to  break  to  piece_s.  Aff.  -abile, 
-amento,  -atamente,  -at^zza  dissipated^  habits, 
-atoraccio  pfgg.,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*  Dissipido  or  Dissipito  ;  i.  tasteless,     ii..  silly. 
Dissip6n-e  m.,  -a /I;  spendthrift. 
Dissoci-abile,  -are,  -azidne;  as  E. 

Dissod-are  ind.  diss&do;  to  break 
up  (ground).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Dissolare  ind.  dissiilo,  (A)  (v.  Suola);  (vet.)  to 
remove  the  hoof.     *  (B)  (v.  Suolo) ;  to  raze. 
'Dissollecitudine  f.;  slowness. 

Dissolto  ;  =  Dissotuto. 

Dissol-ubile,  -ubilita  ;  dissolvable,  etc. 

Dissolut-amente,  -ezza  ;  v.  Dissoluto. 

Dissolutivo  :  dissolvent. 

Dissoluto;  i.  part.  Dissolvere.  As  adj.: 
2.  dissolute.  3.  irregular  (versification).  *  i.  weak, 
ii.  in  loose  order. 

Dissoluzi6ne_/. ;  as  E. 

Dissdlvere  conjug.  like  Assolvere;  to  dissolve. 

Dissomigli-anza/;  unlikeness.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

Disson-anza/;  as  E.  Aff.  -are  vb. 
Dissonnare  ind.  diss6nno  ;  to  wake. 
Dissono  ;  dissonant. 

Dissotterrare  ind.  dissotterro,  or 
Disotterrare ;  to  disinter. 

*  Dissovvenirsi  or  Disovvenirsi ;  to  forget. 
Dissua-dere  perf.  dissuasi,  part,  dissuaso  ;  to 

dissuade.     Aff.  -sione,  -sivo,  -sore. 

Dissuetudiney;  (L.);  desuetude,  disuse. 

Dissugare ;  to  deprive  of  juice,  to 
suck  dry. 

Dissuggellare  ind.  dissuggello;  i.q. 
Dissigillare,  to  unseal. 

Dissuolare ;  v.  Dissolare. 

Distacc-are  (v.  Staccare);  i.  to  de- 
tach ;  L'  hanno  mandato  -ato  in  Sar- 
degna,  he  has  been  sent  to  Sardinia 
with  his  detachment.  2.  intr.  (paint.) 
to  stand  out  from  the  background.  *to 
discontinue.  Aff  -amdnto. 

Distacco  m. ;  i.  de'tachment  from 
worldly  matters.  2.  separation  from 


home  and  friends,  leave-taking.     3.  = 
Stacco. 

Distachio  (Gr.  orax««,  ear);  (bot.)  with  two 
spikes. 

*  Distagionare  ;  =  Lcvar  di  stagione. 

*  Distagli-are  ;  to  intersect.    -ato;  =  Intagliato. 
Distan-te,  -za;  as  E. 

*  Distanziare  ;  to  drive  away  from  home. 
Distare  ;  to  be  at  a  distance. 

*  Distasare  ;  to  clear  of  obstruction,  v.  Intasare. 

*  Distegnere  ;  to  extinguish. 

Distegolare  ind.  distdgolo;  to  re- 
move the  tiles. 

*  Disternperanza    f, ;     i.     v.     Distemperare. 
ii.  change  of  disposition,    iii.  intemperance,    iv.  melt- 
ing power. 

Distemperare  or  Distemprare ;  i.  = 
Stemprare,  to  dissolve,  to  melt.  2.  to 
destroy  the  temper  of  metal  or  glass. 

Dis  t  emperato ;  part.  Distemperare.  *  As  adj. : 
i.  intemperate,  immoderate,  ii.  =Scordato,  out  of 
tune. 

Dis-t6ndere  perf.  -tdsi,  part.  -i6so ; 
i.  to  straighten  out,  to  stretch  out; 
Distendersi,  to  stretch;  Lungo  disteso, 
stretched  out  at  full  length.  2.  (mar.) 
—  un'  ancora,  un  tonneggio,  to  lay  out 
an  anchor,  run  out  a  warp.  3.  to  spread. 
4.  —  un  pugno,  to  deliver  a  blow  with 
the  full  force  of  one's  arm.  5.  to  draw 
up,  to  write  out.  6.  Raccontare  a  dis- 
tesa,  or,  per  disteso,  to  tell  at  full  length. 

7.  Suonare  a  distesa,  of  bells,  to  ring 
continuously,  as  opposed  to  A  rintocchi, 
A  martello,  or  A  intervalli.     8.  Dittongo 
disteso,  a  diphthong  where  the  accent 
falls  on  the  first  vowel,  as  in  Lduto,  in 
contrast    to    Raccolto,    as    in    Buono. 
9.    Disteso    adj.,  v.    Disteso    in    loco 
(5  seq.\ 

*i.  to  unbend,  relax  (a  bow),  D.  Purg.  16.  48. 
ii.  to  lay  out,  i.e.  to  kill. 

Aff.  Distend-ibile,  -imento. 
*Distendina_/I;  layer,  stratum. 

Dtstendino  m.',  forge  for  iron  bars,  poles,  etc. 

Distene  or  Dist£no  m.  (Gr.  Sur-,  <r0eVo?,  so 
called  from  its  positive  and  negative  electric  proper- 
ties) ;  disthene  or  cyanite,  a  slcy-blue  mineral  com- 
posed of  silica  and  alumina. 

Distenebrare;—  Stenebrare,  to  brighten. 

*  Distenere  ;  i.  to  detain,    ii.  to  oppress,    iii.  to 
keep  in  suspense. 

Distensidneyi;  tension,  stretching. 

*  Distento  ;=  Disteso  6art.  Distendere. 
Disterite ;  v.  Difterite. 

*Disterminare;  i.  to  exterminate,  ii.  to  mark 
out. 

*  Disterpare  ;  =  Estirpare. 

*  Disterrare  ;  to  exile. 

Distesa  /;  i.  expanse.  2.  A  — , 
v.  Distendere  (6,  7). 

*i.  extended  description,  ii.  =Dicitura.  iii.  = 
Mostra^  display,  iv.  A  — ,  (a)  =  Dirittamente, 
(£)=Diviato,  (c)  continuously. 

Distesam&ite ;  continuously. 

Distds-o  part.  Distendere.  As  sb. : 
i.  written  instructions.  2.  =  Scritto, 
essay.  3.  style  of  composition.  As 
adv. :  4.  at  full  length ;  Nel  tal  canto 
c'  e  disteso  tutta  la  descrizione,  in  canto 
so  and  so  there  is  the  whole  description 
at  full  length.  As  adj. :  5.  of  hair, 
(rt)  straight,  (b]  flowing.  6.  (mar.)  steady 
(wind).  7.  (mil.)  Soldo  — ,  full  pay. 

8.  Scala  -a,  straight  staircase.     9.  Can- 
zone -a,  poem  in  which  some  lines  in 
each  stanza  rhyme  with  a  line  in  the 
preceding  stanza. 

*Distessere;  to  unweave. 

Distico  m.  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Distich); 
T.  couplet,  z.  as  adj.,  (bat.)  distichous,  arranged  in 
two  lines  on  the  opposite  sides  of  a  stalk. 

27—2 


212 


DISTILLARE— DIVAMPARE 


Distill-are  (L.  si  ilia,  a  drop);  I.  to 
distil.  2.  intr.  to  fall  drop  by  drop. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atuio  still,  sb,,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azidne,  -eria  distillery. 

Distilo  ;  i.  (tat.)  with  two  styles.  2.  (arch.) 
with  two  pillars. 

*  Distingere ;-  Stingere,  to  remove  the  dye. 

Distfngu-ere/t''/  distinsi,  part,  dis- 
tinto  (L.,<dis-,  ** stinguere,  to  prick, 
cp.  Gr.  em'fw,  to  prick,  v.  Skeat,  sitl> 
Distinguish);  to  distinguish.  Familia 
distinta,  stylish  family.  AJf.  -fbile. 

Distinta  f. ;  slip,  priced  catalogue, 
price  list.   —  di  deposito,  paying-in  slip. 
Distin-tivo,  -zioncella  dim.,  -zi6ne;  as  E. 
Distirare  ;  (mar.)  to  lengthen  (a  rope). 

*  Distirpare  ;=Kstirpare,  to  extirpate. 
Distivare  ;  (mm:)  to  shift  the  stowage  of  the 

hold. 

DiBt6gliere,  for  conjiig.  v.  Togliere ; 
i.  to  dissuade.  2.  to  distract. 

Dist6mico  ;  (min.)  with  imperfect  fracture. 

*  Distonare  ;  =  Stonare,  to  go  out  of  tune. 

*  Distoppare ;  =  Sturare,  to  unstop. 

*  Distorcere  ;  i.  ~  Storcere,  to  twist,     ii.  =Ag- 
girare,  to  turn  round,     tiii.  —  i  nomboli,  to  unlay 
the  strands  of  a  rope. 

*  Distordito  ;  nugni.  Stordito,  dumbfounded. 
•Distorg-ere  ;  to  dissuade,     -ersi  da,  to  shrink 

from. 

Distornare;  =  Stornare,  to  prevent. 

*  Distorno  «/.;  hindrance. 
Distdrre  ;  sytic.  fur  Uistogliere. 
Distorsi6ne/.;  distortion. 

*  Distorto  ;  i.  fart.  Distorcere.     ii.  fig.  unfair. 

*  Distracciare;  — Stracciare,  to  tear. 

*  Distraggere  ;  r>.  Distrarre. 

*  Distralctare  ;  to  explain,  lit.  to  lop  off  boughs. 

Distrarre  hid.  dis-traggo  -trai  -trae 
-traiamo-trae'te  -trzggona,perf.  distrassi 
distrae"sti,/«/.  distrarr6,  part,  distratto; 
I.  to  distract.  2.  to  draw  away.  3.  to 
divert  to  a  different  purpose. 

*i.  to  pull  out  of  shape,  ii.  to  spend  in  bribery, 
Ariosto,  Orl.  Fur.  9.  48.  iii.  Dislrarsi,  of  air,  to 
become  rarefied. 

Distrattam^nte ;  carelessly,indiffer- 
ently. 

*  Distrattare;  —  liistr.utare,  to  ill-treat. 

*  Distrattile  ;  extensible. 
Distratto  ;  fart.  Distrarre. 

*Distraziare;  =  Straziare,  to  tear. 
Distrazioncella  _/;  dim.  Distrazione. 

Distrazidne/ ;  i.  distraction,  amuse- 
ment. 2.  Per  — ,  from  inattention. 
3.  v.  Distrarre  (3).  4.  =  Storta,  bodily 
strain,  wrench. 

*i.  extension,  stretch,    ii.  bribery,  z'.  Distrarre  (ii). 
•Distretta  f.;    i.    need.     ii.  =Signorla,    feudal 
jurisdiction. 

*Distrettamente ;  closely. 

Distratto  111. ;  district.  *-,>.  Distrin- 
gere. 

Distrettuale ;  local,  v.  Distretto. 
*i.  enfeoffed;  Terra  loro  — ,  a  place 
belonging  to  their  party,  ii.  as  sb., 
feudal  bondsman  or  follower,  i*.  Dis- 
tretta (ii). 

t  Distrezzare  ;  (mar.)  to  top  away. 

Distribu-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  distribuii,  farts. 
distribuente  distribuito  (L. ,  <  dis-,  tribiilre,  to  assign, 
7'.  Tribu)  ;  as  E. 

Aff.  -tivamente,  -tivo,  -tore,  -tcira,  -trie*,  -zion- 
cella dim.,  -zione. 

*  Distridere ;  =  Stridere. 
*Distriero  >«.;  =  Destriero. 

Distrigare  (Districare)  (L.  de,  ex- 
tricare, < tricue,  entanglements);  I.  = 
Strigare,  to  extricate.  2.  to  explain. 

•Distringere  or  Diatrignere  ind.  di-stringo, 
perf.  -strinsi, part.  •s\<cz\tv(\,.destringere);  i.  augm. 
of  Stringere,  to  compress ;  —  di  vettovaglia,  to  starve 
out.  ii.  to  keep  in  check,  iii.  =  Comprendere,  to 


include  (within  the  sphere  of  Fortune's  control), 
Ottimo  Comentario  su  D.  Inf.  canto  7.  To  the/rtr/. 
Distretto  are  assignable  further  senses :  iv.  held 
back,  D.  Pnrg.  6.  104;  clasped,  D.  Inf.  19.  127. 
v.  =  Ritirato,  in  quiet  retirement,  vi.  deeply  in  love. 
vii.  =  Angustiato,  in  sore  distress,  viii.  =Rigoroso, 
stern  (judgment),  ix.  devoted  (servant),  intimate 
(friend),  x.  near  (relation).  As  j/'. :  xi.  narrowness, 
narrow  space :  In  distretto,  in  prison,  Ariosto,  Orl. 
Fur.  2.  59.  xii.  Al  distretto,  in  conclusion,  xiii.  Dis- 
tretto dene  sei  miglia,  at  Lucca,  v.  Faggia. 

*Distritto  (L.  districtus);  compressed,  forcible. 

*  Distrittuale  ;  =  Distrcttuale,  local. 
Distrofia/  (Gr.)  ;  (tot.)  weaklincss. 

Distriigg-ere  (Destruere,  Destrug- 
gere,  Destruire,  Distruire)  ind. distruggo 
distruggi,  perf.  distrussi  distruggdsti, 
part,  distrutto  (bit.  ** 'destrugere  for  L. 
destruere,  <  de-  or  dis-,  apart,  stntere,  to 
heap  together,  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Destroy) ; 
i.  to  destroy.  2.  to  melt.  3.  fig.  -ersi, 
to  wear  oneself  out,  e.g.  from  hopeless 
love.  *to  deprive. 

Aff.  -ibile,  -itore,  -itrice,  Distruttivo. 

Distrutto;  fart.  I >istruggere.  tAs  sl>.,= 
Strutto,  bacon. 

Distr-utt6re,  -uttrice,  -uzi6ne ;  ;>.  Dis- 
truggere  (i). 

*  Disturare;  =  Slurare,  to  unstop. 
Disturb-are  (l*~<ffist   titrbare,  to   disorder, 

<  turba,  crowd)  ;  as  E.     Ajjf.  -atore,  -o  sb. 

Disturbio  m. ;  (bot.)=  Giusquiamo  bianco,  white 
henbane. 

Disturnare ;  to  chaff. 

Disubbid-iente,  -ientemente,  -ienza,  -ire  ; 
disobedient,  etc. 

*  Disudire  ;  not  to  hear,  or  pretend  not  to  hear. 
Chi   ode   non  disode,   ;'.<-.   slander  once   listened   to 
cannot  be  forgotten. 

*  Disuggellare  ;  r-.  Dissigillare. 

*  Disugnere  ;  T-.  Disungere. 
Disugnolato;  of  thread,  =Sdoppiato. 

Disuguaglianza  / ;  inequality. 
Disuguagli-are ;   to  make  unequal. 
*-arsi,  to  disagree. 

Di§ugual-e  or  Disegual-e;  i.  un- 
equal. 2.  uneven.  AJf.  -ita,  -mdnte. 

Disumanare ;  to  dehumanise. 
Disumano ;  inhuman,  cruel. 
Disum-are ;  to  exhume.   AJf.  -azione. 

DiSumid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dry. 
Disunare;  =  Disunire,  to  disunite. 

Dis-lingere  (Disugnere)  perf.  -unsi, 
part,  -unto;  to  remove  grease  which 
has  been  smeared  on  a  thing  to  pre- 
serve it. 

Disun-i6ne,  -ire,  -itamente,  -itezza;  as  E. 

Disunto  ;  part.  Disungere.  *As  atij.,  vain, 
empty. 

Disurpare  ;  pop.  for  Usurpare. 

Disus-are  vb.,  -o  sb.;  as  K. 

Disutil-accio/<sf.,  -e,  -ita,  -mente ;  worse 
than  useless,  etc. 

*Disvalere;  i.  not  to  be  worth,  ii.  to  fall  in 
value,  iii.  —  Nocere,  to  hurt.  iv.  as  s^.,  =  Dap- 
pocaggine,  cowardice. 

*Disvalorare  ;  to  wtaken. 

Disvantaggio  m. ;-Svantaggio,  disadvantage. 

*  Disvariare  ;  =  Svariare. 

*  Disvario  »/.;=  Divario,  difference.     As  adj..  = 
Vario. 

*  Disvedere  ;  not  to  see,  or  to  pretend  not  to  see. 

*  Oisvegliare  ;=  Svegliare,  to  rouse. 
Disvellere   (Disvegliere,  Disverre);  =  Sve11ere, 

to  pluck. 

•Disvenire;  i.  =Svenire,  to  faint,  ii.  to  lose 
force,  generally,  iii.  to  be  unbecoming. 

•Disventura  /;  misfortune,  ill-success. 

*  Disverre  ;  v.  Disvellere. 
*Disvezzo;  unaccustomed. 

Disvi-are  ;  i.  =Sviare,  to  lead  astray.  2.  -ato, 
out  of  the  way,  remote. 

*Disvievo|e;  misleading. 
•Disvigorire  ;  =  Svigorire,  to  lose  vigour. 
Disviluppare;  =  Sviluppare,  to  disentangle. 
Disvio  m. ;    i.  going  astray.     2.  driving  away 
(of  customers). 

*  Disvisare;=  Svisare. 
Disvischiare  ;  to  take  off  the  bird-lime. 
Disviticchiare;  =  Sviticchiare,  to  disentwine. 


•Disvogliare  ;  to  inspire  distaste  for. 

*  Disvogliere ;  =  Svolgere,  to  unroll. 

Disvol^re  conjug.  like  Volere ;  to  be 

unwilling. 

*  Disvolgere  ;  i.   to  undo,  unwrap,    ii.   to  dis- 
locate,    iii.  to  turn  aside. 

•Ditaiolo  in. ;  =  Giradito,  sore  finger. 

Ditale  m. ;  i.  finger-stall.  2.  = 
Anello,  thimble.  3.  finger-guard  for 
playing  on  the  mandoline  or  zither. 

Ditata  f. ;  I.  push  with  the  finger. 
2.  the  quantity  of  grease  that  may  be 
taken  up  with  the  finger.  3.  finger-mark. 

Ditatinay^;  dim.  of  Ditata  (2). 
*Dite  (I,.);  i.  =Ricco,  rich.     As  it.:  ii.  Dis,  the 
deity  of  Hell.     iii.   HelL 

•Ditello  ;//.  (L.  titillia,  tickling);  arm-pit. 
*Ditenere;=  Detenere. 

*  Diterello  ;;/.;  dint.  vezz.  Dito,  finger. 

*  Ditessere  ;=Distressere,  to  unweave. 
Ditiramb-eggiare,  -icamente,  -ico;  v.  -o. 
Ditirambo  m.  (Gr.);  hymn  to  Bacchus. 

Dito  ;«.,  with  //.  Diti  m.  or  Dita  / 
(L.  digitus) ;  I.  finger ;  —  grosso,  thumb, 
or  great  toe;  Legarsela  a  — ,  not  to 
forget  (an  injury) ;  Toccare  il  cielo  col 
— ,  to  be  overjoyed.  2.  as  a  measure, 
a  small  quantity  or  short  space ;  Ando 
a  un  dito  che  non  lo  ferissi,  I  was  within 
an  ace  of  striking  him. 

Ditoley;  pi. ;—  Corna  di  cervo,  an  edible  fungus, 
?'.  Corno  (21,  /-). 

Ditone  m.,  with  //.  ditoni  m.,  ditone  or  ditona 
/.',  augm.  Dito. 

DitonelIay:;  =  Erba  corsa,  flax-leaved  daphne. 

*  Ditono  in. ;  (WHS.)  interval  of  two  tones. 

*  Ditraimento  m. ;  embezzlement. 

*  Ditrappare  ;=  Rubare,  to  steal. 

*  Ditrarre  (L.  detrahtrr);  \.  to  lower,  disparage, 
ii.  to  divert,  turn  aside,     iii.  =  Torre,  Usurpare. 

*  Ditrattare  ;  =  Ditrarre  (i). 

*  Ditrinciare  ;  to  cut  up  small. 

Ditta  f.  (L.  dicta] ;  firm,  commercial 
house.  -  sociale,  name  of  a  firm. 

*  good  fortune  in  play. 
*Dittaggio  m. ;  common  report. 

Dittamo  m.  (Gr.  fiucTa^ros,  from  Ml  Dicte"  in 
Crete,  where  the  plant  grew);  (bat.)  i,  —  di  Candia, 
Cretan  dittany,  Origanum  dictamnus.  2.  —  sal- 
vatico,  a  species  of  turnsole,  v.  Erba  (104). 

*  Dittare ;  =  Dettare,  to  dictate. 

Dittat-6re  m.  (L.) ;  dictator.  *i.  writer,  author, 
ii.  secretary,  scribe.  Ajff~.  -oriamente,  -orio,  -ura. 

Ditteri  ;;/.//.;  dipterous  insects. 
•Ditterio  in.;  pulpit. 
Ditteritey:;=Difterite,  diphtheria. 

Dfttico  ;;/.  (Gr.  fiiVrt/^os) ;  diptych, 
i.e.  i.  a  double-folding  writing  tablet. 
2.  a  register  of  bishops,  saints,  bene- 
factors, etc.,  read  out  during  the 
eucharist.  3.  a  pair  of  pictures  on 
folding  tablets. 

*  Dittola  ;  V.  Ditole. 

Ditt6ng-o  m.  (Gr.);  diphthong.    Aff.  -are. 

*  Dituffare  ;  =  Tuffare,  to  dip. 
Diuretico ;  as  E. 

*  Diurnario  m. :  writer  of  minutes,  clerk. 

Diurnista  m. ;  clerk  engaged  for  a 
day. 

Diurno  (L.);  diurnal.  As  si.,  book 
containing  the  services  of  the  Canonical 
Hours. 

Diuturn-o  (L.);  of  long  duration. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita. 

Diva/  (L.)  ;  goddess. 

Divag-are  ind.  divago  (L.);  i.  to 
distract,  amuse.  2.  intr.  to  wander 
from  the  subject.  Aff.  -ame"nto,  -azione. 

*  Divallare  ;  i.  to  flow  down.     ii.  to  rain  heavily. 


Divamp-are ; 

-amdnto. 


to     flare    up.      Aff. 


DIVANO— DODDA 


213 


Divanow.  (Arabic  word,  v.  Dogana); 
i.  council  of  state.  2.  cushioned  seat. 

*  Divan  zare  ;  i.  to  pass.    ii.  to  surpass. 

*  Divar-are    or    -iare    (strengthened    form    of 
Variare);  i.  to  vary.     ii.  to  be  distant  from. 

Divaricare  ind.  divarico  (L.,  <  di-, 
varus,  crooked);  to  spread  out,  to 
straddle. 

Divario  m.  (It.  divariare);  variation. 
*amusement. 

*  Divecchiare;  =  Svecchiare,  to  rejuvenate. 

Divedere  (Addivedere) ;  Dare  a — , 
to  show  very  clearly. 

Divellatura  / ;  uprooting. 

Divellere  (Divegliere)  defect,  verb 
used  in  inf.,  \nperf.  di-velsi  -velgesti..., 
and  in  part,  divelto  (L.,  v.  infra,  Vel- 
lere) ;  to  pluck  up  by  the  roots.  tThe 
part,  has  locally  the  meaning  of  Supino, 
on  one's  back,  esp.  of  swimming  in  that 
manner. 

t  Divelmeriti  ;=  Dio  ye'l  meriti. 

Diveltare  ind.  divelto  (strengthened 
form  of  Uivellere);  to  trench  ground  for 
planting  vines  or  olives. 

Divelto  m. ;  trenching,  or  ground 
prepared  by  trenching,  for  planting. 


Divellere. 

on  one's  back. 


t  As  participial  adj.,  v.  Div 

*i.  =Svelto,  slim.     tii.  =Supino, 

Divenire  (Addivenire,  Adivenire), 
for  conjug.  ?'.  Venire  (L.);  i.  to  become. 
2.  to  arise  from.  *to  arrive. 

Diventare  or  Doventare  ind.  di- 
vdnto  dovento  (Addovenire,  Addoven- 
tare)  (strengthened  form  of  Divenire) ; 
to  become. 

*i.  to  transmute,     ii.  to  amount  to. 

Diverbio  »z.(L.);  altercation.  *dia- 
logue. 

Diver-gere  indie,  -go  -gi  -ge  -gianio  -gete 
-gono,  perf.  -gei  -ge'sti  -ge  -gemmo  -geste  -gerono, 
parts,  -gendo  -gente,  there  is  no  past  part,  (di-  and 
L.  vergere,  to  bend,  v.  Convergere);  as  E.  Aff. 
-genza. 

•Diverre;  i.  =  Divellere,     ii.  =  Diveltare. 

Diversamente  ;  diversely. 
•Diversare(A);  to  differ.     (B);  =  Versare. 

Divtrsific-are  hid.  diversified;  i.  to  be  differ- 
ent, i.  to  make  a  difference.  3.  tr.  to  alter.  Aff. 
-azidne. 

Diversidney;;  i.  diversion  of  a  river.  2.  di- 
gression. 3.  military  diversion.  *  =  Divertimento, 
amusement. 

Diversita/.;  as  E. 

Divers-ivo  tn. ;  r.  channel  of  diversion.  2.  pop. 
for  -ita.  3.  as  mlj.,  serving  to  divert. 

Diverse;  i.  diverse.     2.  in//.,  divers,  several. 
As  st>.,  sundries.     3.  as  adv.,  differently. 
*i.  curious,  queer     ii.  extraordinary. 
*Divcrsor-lo   or    -o   tn.;    i.    inn.     ii.    place   of 
refuge. 

*  Divertere  ;  i.  -Divertire.   ii.    —  in,  to  become. 

Divertevole;  =  Divertente,  amusing. 

*  Diverticolo    m.  ;     i.    valley.      ii.    subterfuge. 

iii.  digression. 

Divertim&nt-o m.\ amusement.  Aff. 
-fno  dim.  vezz.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Divert-ire  ind.  diverto,  perf.  -ii, 
part,  -[to  (L.);  i.  to  amuse.  2.  to 
divert  (a  stream). 

*Divestire;  =  Svestire,  to  takeoff. 

Divettare  ind.  diveito ;  i .  to  cut  off 
the  top  shoot.  2.  =  .Scamatare,  to  beat 
wool  with  the  Vetta. 

Divett-atnra/  ;  wool  beating.  -Ino 
m. ;  wool  beater. 


Divezz-are  ind.  divezzo  (It.  vezzo, 
habit) ;  to  wean.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura, 
-o,  sync,  for  -ato. 

•Diviare;  i.  to  turn  aside,     ii.  to  prevent. 

Diviato  adv. ;  i.  straight,  without 
stopping.  2.  straightway,  at  once. 

Dividendo  m.:  as  E. 

Dividere  per/,  diviii,  part,  diviso  (L., <<//-, 
**  videre,  to  separate,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Divide);  i.  as 
E.  2.  (herald.)  (Fascia  or  Banda)  divisa,  of  only 
two-thirds  of  its  usual  width.  3.  Rimemorar  per 
concetto  diviso,  to  exercise  memory  by  separate 
mental  act,  D.  Par.  29.  81. 

*  For  Diviso  as  sb. ,  rr.  infra,  in  loco. 
*Dividevole;  i.  divisible,     ii.  seditious. 

Divietay:;  pop.  for  Dieta,  dietary. 

Diviet-are  ind.  divieto;  to  forbid. 
-0  m. ;  prohibition. 

*  Divimare ;  to  loosen,  undo. 
Divinamente;  as  E. 

Divin-are;  to  divine.     Aff.  -atnrio,  -andne. 

Divincol-are  ind.  divfncolo ;  to 
wriggle.  Aff.  -amento,  -to  freq. 

Divinis  ;  Sospendere  a  divinis,  to  inhibit. 
Divinitiy:;  as  E. 

Divinizz -are;  to  deify.     Aff.  -azione. 
Divino;  divine,     'gifted  with  powersof  divina- 
tion, D.  Purg.  9.  18. 

Divis-a/! ;  i.  heraldic  arms.  2.  uni- 
form. 3.  livery.  4.  parting  of  the  hair. 
5.  division ;  Far  le  -e,  to  divide  the 
property  of  a  deceased  person.  6.  foreign 
bill  (of  exchange). 

*i.  discord,  ii.  In  — ,  alone,  iii.  in  //.,  the 
rights  of  a  feudal  lord.  iv.  =  Sembianza,  appearance, 
v.  manner,  mode.  vi.  exception,  vii.  A  — ,  alter- 
nately, viii.  A  tutta  mia  — ,  in  my  opinion, 
ix.  fratto  alia  — ,  ^Contraffatto,  misshapen.  ' 

Etym.  In  heraldry  this  word  meant  originally 
a  division  or  part  of  a  shield  in  which  some  em- 
blematic figure,  corps  tie  la  devise,  was  inscribed, 
with  a  legend  or  sentence  explaining  it,  termed  l\'nnc 
de  la.  devise  (Brachet,  Etym.  Fr.  Diet.). 

Divisaiayl;  woman  who  makes  the  parting  in 
wigs. 

Divisamente ;  separately. 

Divisamento  ;;/.  ;  i.  intention. 
2.  distribution,  arrangement. 

*i.  =  Assisa,  uniform,  ii.  =  Ragionamento,  dis- 
cussion, iii.  difference. 

Divis-are  (L.  divisum,  supine  of 
dividere);  I.  to  devise,  arrange.  2.  to 
intend. 

*i.  to  divide,  ii.  to  descril*,  D.  Purg.  29.  82. 
iii.  to  explain,  iv.  to  discuss.  Part,  -ato :  v.  = 
'liverso.  vi. —Apparescente,  of  good  quality,  vii.  = 
Vestito,  Allestito.  viii.  =  Contraffatto,  altered,  de- 
formed, ix.  =  Variopinto,  variously  coloured,  x.  = 
Appartato,  remote. 

Divisatamente ;  distinctly. 

*  Divisatore  in. ;  i.  T.  Divisare.     ii.  judge. 
Divisibil-e,  -ita;  as  E. 

Division-e  / ;  i.  as  E.  2.  hyphen.  Aff. 
-cella  dim. 

Diviso  part.  Dividere.  *As  tit.:  i.  thought. 
A  lui  era  — ,  he  had  the  idea.  ii.  =  Divisione. 
iii.  =  Pittura.  Una  donna  pinta  con  sottil  — ,  a 
lady's  portrait  very  skilfully  done. 

Divis-6re  »«.;  as  E.    Aff.  -urio. 
*Div-ite(L.);  rich.     * -izia /;  wealth. 

Divo  (L.);  divine.     *=Divite,  rich. 

*  Divocato ;-  Divulgato,  published. 
•Divolgata;  Alia  —  ,  =  Alla  libera,  freely,  pub- 

licly. 

•Di-yolgere  fierf.  -volsi,  part,  -volto ;  i.  to 
wrap.  ii.  to  turn  aside. 

Divor-are  ind.  divdro  (L.,  root  gwer,  cf.  Gr. 
ftofta,  food,  v.  Skeat,  svb  Voracious);  to  devour. 
Aff.  -nnii':nto,  -atore,  -ritora,  -atrice, 

Div6rzi-o  m.  (L.);  divorce.    Aff.  -arsi. 
Divoto ;  i.  —  Devoto.   it,  — ,  or  Divuoto.  hollow. 
*Divotuzzo;  dim.  spreg.  suspiciously  pious. 

Divulg-are;  to  publish. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

"Divulso;  fA&part.  Divellere. 

*  Divuoto  ;  r'.  Divoto  (ii). 


Dizionar-io  m.;  as  E.  Ajft.  -ietto  dim.,  -ino 
dim.  vezz.,  -ione  aitgiti.,  -ista  =  Vocabolarista,  -iuccio 
spreg. 

Dizidne  /;  diction.  *i.  =Potesta, 
mayor,  ii.  district. 

*  Dizzaccherare  ;  to  remove  splashes. 
Dizzeccolare  ind.  dizzeccolo;  to  remove  burrs 

from  wool. 

Do  m. ;  the  C  of  German  music.  The  Italian 
names  of  the  notes  are  associated  by  traditioti  with 
Guido,  or  Guittone,  of  Arezzo  in  the  eleventh  cen- 
tury. The  story  is  that  when  eight  years  old  he  was 
placed  in  the  Benedictine  monastery  of  Pomposa 
where  he  learned  to  sing  in  Cantofermo,  or  Gregorian 
chant,  the  only  kind  of  melody  then  used  in  churches. 
It  would  appear  that  the  training  was  very  hard  on 
account  of  the  difficulty  in  familiarising  pupils  with 
the  intonation  of  sounds,  which  was  due  to  confusion 
in  the  notes,  and  to  meet  this  inconvenience  he  sought 
for  a  means  of  instituting  a  rule  or  scale.  He  noticed 
that  in  the  chant  used  in  singing  the  Latin  hymn  tn 
St  John  composed  by  Paul  the  Deacon  the  first 
syllables  of  the  six  half-lines  formed  by  their  into- 
nation an  ascending  diatonic  progression.  These 
syllables  were  ut,  re,  mi,  fa,  sol,  la,  and  came  from 
the  following  stanza: 

"  Ut  queant  laxis— J?<?sonare  fibris 
^//ra  gestarum — ^rtmule  tuorum 
Solve  polluti — Labii  reatum 
Sancte  Johannes." 

The  present  Do  is  modified  from  Du,  a  rever- 
sion of  Ut,  Do  being  a  form  better  adapted  for  the 
natural  production  of  the  voice.  Guido  having  in- 
vented the  six  notes,  I, a  Maire  a  century  later  added 
the  seventh  note  Si,  which  stands  for  the  Sa  of  Sancte. 

Do' ;  short  for  Dove,  or  *  for  Donde. 

Doagio  or  Duagio  /«.;   an  old  name  for  the 
city  of  Douay  and  the  cloth  there  manufactured. 
*Doana_/;=  Dogana. 

*  Doario  tn. ;  dower  of  a  widow.  ' 

*  Doasio  m. ;  a  stuff,  v.  Doagio. 
Dobbletto ;  v.  Dobletto. 

*  Dobbra  ;  v.  Dobla. 

•Dobbrare,  Dobiare  or  Doblare;  to  double. 

D6bla  (Dobbra)  /.  (Span,  doblo,  double),  or 
Doblone  ;«.  (Span,  doblon,  the  double  of  a  pistole) ; 
doubloon. 

Doblaggio  ;;/. ;  (mar.)  sheathing. 

*  Doblare ;  =  Doppiare. 

Dobletto  or  Dobbletto  (Dobretto) 
m.  (L.  ditphts) ;  cotton  fustian. 

Doblone;  v.  Dobla. 
•Dobretto;  v.  Dobletto. 
Doccettay!;  (siirg.)  catheter. 

Doccia  f.  (It.  docciare);  I.  water- 
pipe.  2.  douche,  shower-bath.  3.  gouge. 
4-  —  d'  aria,  gas-jet.  5.  —  da  scaldare, 
soldering  pan. 

*  i.  =  Corrente  doccia,  brook,    ii.  —  Teeolo,  roofing- 
tile. 

Docciaio  ;;/.  ;  =  Trombaio,  plumber. 

Docci-are  ind.  d6ccio  (**ductiare, 
<  L.  (fiictus);  i.  to  gush  out.  2.  tr.  to 
douche.  Aff.  -atura. 

*Doccio;w. ;  i.  water-pipe,     ii.  pantile. 

Docciblay^;  i.  outlet.     2.  water-jet. 

Doccionata  /  ;  pipe  built  of  Doc- 
cioni. 

Doccidne  ;«. ;  large  drain-pipe. 

*i.  =  Bighellone,  idler,  ii.  —  Cicisbeo,  Spasimante, 
affected  lover. 

*  Docere  (L.,  v.  supra,  Decente);  to  teach. 
Doceti  rn.fl,  (Gr.);  a  sect  of  heretics  who  held 

that  the  humanity  of  Christ  was  merely  apparent. 

D6cil-e  (L.,  v.  supra,  Decente);  as  E.  Ajf. 
-inn  dim.  vezz.,  -ita,  -mente. 

Docimasia  f.  (Gr.);  scientific  analysis,  as. 
saying. 

•Docimastica  f. ;  i.  the  science  of  analysis. 
—  polmonare,  examination  to  ascertain  whether  a 
baby  has  breathed  or  not.  ii.  examination  of  can- 
didates for  office  amongst  the  Italian  republics. 

Documentare  ind.  documento;  to  support  by 
written  evidence. 

Documento  m.  (\,.,<doccrt,  v.  supra,  De- 
cente); i.  as  E.  2.  voucher.  *i.  teaching,  ii.  model, 
example. 

D6dda  m.  i  titled .  (pro/>.<fr.  dodo, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Dodo) ;  self-important 
young  cub. 


214 


DODECA— DOMESTICO 


D6deca-,  as  prefix  (Gr.);  twelve. 
D6deca-edrico,  -edro;  as  E.     Each  face  is  a 
pentagon. 

D6decagono  tit. ;  as  E. 
D6decasillabo;  with  twelve  syllables. 

Dodicfenne ;  twelve  years  old. 

Dodicesimo ;  twelfth.  Un  volume 
in  — ,  a  duodecimo  book,  I2mo. 

D6dici  ( L.  duodecim) ;  twelve.  E  — ! 
excl.  of  impatience  when  a  thing  is 
constantly  repeated.  In  — ,  i.q.  In 
duodecimo. 

Dodiclna/;  pop.  for  Dozzina,  dozen. 

Dodicino  ;«.;  an  old  Florentine  coin  of  twelve 
denari. 

Dodoneo ;  of  Dodona,  the  site  of  the  Greek 
oracle. 

*  Dodrante  jn.  (L.);  three-quarters  of  anything. 

I)6g&f. ;  i.  stave  of  a  cask  or  bushel 
basket.  2.  in  the  prov.  D'  ottobre  il 
vin  nelle  doghe,  the  word  may  be  re- 
garded as  meaning  a  cask,  but  equally 
well  as  the  staves  which  make  it. 
3.  (herald.)  vertical  stripe  on  the  shield. 

*  i.  stripe  on  a  dress,     ii.  schers.  priest's  stole. 
Etym.     Cogn.  Fr.  douve,  stave,  Norman  doiti't', 

ditch  of  stagnant  water,  Walloon  dewe,  Proven^. 
dogna ,  cavity,  Milanese  dova,  mlt.  doga,  channel 
for  water  (in  Gregory  of  Tours),  Germ,  Daube, 
Dutch  dnig,  Swiss  daitge,  which  are  Germanic 
words  meaning  "stave"  ;  hesides  these  there  is  a  L. 
doga  meaning  "vase"  which  Du  Cange  connects  with 
Gr.  8ox»j,  reservoir.  Diez  accordingly  sets  out  the 
series  of  meanings  reservoir,  ditch,  edge  of  a  ditch, 
that  which  holds  the  water  in  a  cask,  i.e.  the  stave, 
as  well  as  the  Italian  sense  of  stripe  (Littre).  But  it 
seems  more  likely  that,  as  Kdrting  suggests,  there 
are  two  origins  for  the  words,  one  the  Gr.  Soxv, 
giving  the  sense  of  "stave,"  the  other  the  Low  Ger- 
man dobba  that  of  "ditch." 

*Dogaiay".;  i.  cart-rut,     ii.  scupper,  gutter. 

*  Dogale  ;  belonging  to  the  Doge. 
*Dogalina  ./I;   dress  worn  by  Venetian  magis- 
trates. 

Dogame  in.',  quantity  of  staves. 
Dogamento  m. ;  fixing  the  staves. 

Dogan-a  f.  ;  custom-house.  AJf. 
-ale,  -iere  customs  officer. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  douane.  Span,  aduano, 
Provenc.  dnana.,<i Arabic  divtin,  or  with  the  article 
niiiti-'ftn,  which  accounts  for  the  Spanish  form.  The 
Arabic  word  is  of  Persian  origin,  and  means  register, 
account  book,  roll  of  names,  office  where  registers 
are  kept,  council  chamber.  A  doublet  of  the  same 
word  is  Divano  or  E.  divan. 

Dogare  ind.  d6go ;  to  fix  the  staves. 
At  D.  Inf.  31.  75,  the  word  seems  to 
mean  to  cross  as  a  hoop  crosses  the 
staves  of  a  cask. 

Dogarellay:;  dim.  Doga,  stave. 
Dogaressay^;  wife  of  a  Doge. 
Dogatow.;  i.  office  of  a  Doge,  or  its  duration. 
2.  territory  of  the  Venetian  republic. 

D6ge  (Dogio)  m.  (Venetian  dose  or 
/fuse,  <  L.  ducem,  v.  Duca) ;  title  of  the 
head  of  the  republic  at  Venice  and  at 
Genoa. 

*  i.  ~  Gonfaloniere.    ii.  —  Duce,  leader. 

*  Doghetto  m. ;  dim.  Dogo. 

*  Dogio  m.  ;  =  Doge. 

Dbglia  /  (bit.  dolia,  <  L.  dolere) ; 
pain  of  a  neuralgic  kind ;  in  pi.,  pains 
of  childbirth. 

Doglianza  /  (L.  dolentid);  com- 
plaint. 

;  dim.  Doglia. 


*Doglienza  f.\  pain. 

D6glio  m.  (L.  dolium);  cask -shell,  a  speci 
helk,  Dolium.     *wine-jar. 


icies  of 


*Doia/.;  =  Doglia. 

•DolabrayC  (L.);  i.  butcher's  knife,    ii.  =  Pialla, 
plane. 

*  Dolare  (L.);=Piallare,  to  plane. 

D61ce  (L.  dulcis) ;  i.  sweet.  2.  soft. 
3.  mild.  4.  gentle.  5.  Farina  — , 
chestnut-flour.  6.  Acqua  — ,  fresh- 
water; in  //.  sweet  drinks.  7.  —  di 
sale,  over  good-natured,  silly ;  Aver  una 
vena  di  — ,  to  be  rather  simple.  8.  Aver 
1'  amaro  in  bocca  e  sputar  — ,  to  feel 
bitterness  of  spirit  and  not  show  it. 
9.  —  e  forte,  pork,  venison,  etc.,  with 
sharp  sauce.  10.  Legno — ,  =  Regolizia, 
liquorice,  n.  in//.,  sweets,  cakes,  etc. 
Aff.  -me'nte. 

Dolcemele  m.;  (<W.)  —  rosso,  purple  dead- 
nettle,  v.  Marrobbio  (3). 

Dolcettay:;  (liot.)  lamb's  lettuce,  v.  Favette. 
Dole -etto  dim.,  -£zza  sb.\  v.  Dolce. 

D61cia,f. ;  pig's  blood  for  sausages. 

Dolciaccio /*££-. ;  horribly  sweet. 

Dolciamaro;  bitter  mixed  with  sweet. 
Dolciastro ;     with    an    unpleasant 
sweetness. 

*  Dolciato ;  i.  full  of  sweetness,    ii.  silly. 
*Dolcibeni  m.  //.;  jugglers. 

Dolcicanbro  ;  sweet  and  harmonious. 

Dolcichfno  m. ;  (hot.)  edible  rush- 
nut,  Cyperus  esculentus. 

Dolcific-are  ind.  dolci'fico ;  to  sweet- 
en. Aff.  -azione. 

Dolc-igno;  rather  sweet,     -ino;  dim.  of-e. 

Bolci6ne ;  i.  augm.  Dolce.  2. 
simpleton. 

Dolciume ;«. ;  i.  excessive  sweetness.  2.  sweet- 
meats. 

D61co  (variant  of  Dolce)  ;  mild 
(weather). 

*i.  =Trattabile.     ii.  propitious,     iii.  soft. 
*Dolcorare;  to  assuage. 

Dol^re  ind.  dolgo  duoli  du61e  dol- 
ghiamo  or  dogliamo  dole'te  dblgono, 
perf.  dolsi  doldsti  dolse  dolemmo  doldste 


'>:/• 

:>ls< 


dolsero,  fut.  dorro  dorrai  ecc.,  parts. 
dolendo  dolente  doluto  (L.);  to  feel 
pain,  or  grief.  Mi  duole  il  capo,  my 
head  is  aching.  Mi  dolgo  di  non  avervi 
potuto  giovare,  I  am  extremely  sorry 
not  to  have  been  able  to  help  you. 


*  Obsolete   forms.      Ind.    doggo,    doio  or  dollio  ; 

.        lfi,    dolve,    dolfero,    dolfon 
dolsuto. 


perf.    dolfi,    dolve,    dolfero,    dol 


ggo,    do 
olfonsi  ; 


part,    dolto, 


Doglids-o ;  sorrowful.    Aff.  -amente. 

Dogli-uccia  or  -uzzay?;  ditn.  Doglia. 
D6gma;  ».  Domma. 
•Dogo  m.  (English);  dog. 


t  Dolfinera  f.\   (war.)  i.  =  Buttafuori  di  briglia, 
dolphin-striker,     ii.  =Arpione,  harpoon. 

*  Dolicare  ;=  Dolicchiare,  to  feel  a  little  pain. 
Dolicchiare  or  Doliccicare  ;  dim.  Dolere. 
D61ico  m.  (Gr.  )  ;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  bean,  DolicJws. 

"t"i.  slight  pain.     ii.  as  adj.  =  Dolcigno. 
Ddlio  ;  v.  Doglio. 

D6llaro  m.  (English,  <Germ.  Thaler,  which  is 
short  for  loachimsthaler,  a  coin  made  from  silver 
found  in  Joachimsthal,  Joachim's  dale  in  Bohemia, 
about  1519)  ;  dollar. 

*Dolliay:;  =  Doglia,  pain. 

Dolmano  m.  (Turkish  word)  ;  a  loose 

jacket. 

Dolmenno  in.  (Cornish  word,  T.  Skeat,  sub 
DoJman);  monument  of  two  upright  stones  with  a 
third  placed  across  them. 

D61o  m.  (L.)  ;  fraudulent  intent. 

Dolomite  /  (from  the  Fr.  savant  Dolomieu, 
d.  1801)  ;  a  mineral  composed  of  carbonate  of  lime 
and  magnesia;  in//.,  a  range  of  mountains  in  the 
South  Tyrol. 

*  Dolorare  ;  to  cause  or  to  show  pain. 

Dol6r-e  m.  (L.);  pain.  Aff.  -e"tto 
dim.  -osameVite,  -ose'tto  dim.,  -oso,  -uccio 
ditn. 


Dolos-am6nte,  -o  ;  v.  Dolo. 

*  Dolsuto,  *  Dolto,  Doluto  ;  v.  Dolere. 

*  Dolve  ;  3rd  sing.  perf.  Dolere. 

*  Dolzain-a/!,  -o  m.',  oboe. 

Dolzolimi  m.  //.;  (&>/.)=  Babbagigi,  rush-nut. 
*Dolzore/«.  ;  sweetness. 
Domabile;  tameable. 


.  . 

imanday^;   i.   question.     2.   de- 


* Domaggio  ;;/.  ;  damage. 
Domanda,  Di 

mand. 

Domand-are,  Dimand-are  (L.  dc- 
mandare,  which  in  classical  Latin  meant 
to  entrust,  but  later  was  used  in  the 
more  literal  sense  of  sending  out  ; 
hence,  to  show,  to  explain,  and  in  mlt. 
to  send  out  for,  i.e.  to  demand,  cp.  the 
modern  English  use  of  the  word  "  pre- 
cept," in  the  sense  of  requisition  for 
money);  I.  to  ask.  2.  -arsi,  to  be 
called  ;  Come  si  -a  questo  arnese,  what 
is  the  name  of  this  thing?  3.  Non 
se  ne  -a,  of  course,  no  question  about 
that.  4.  Chiedi  e  -a,  a  mode  of  ex- 
pressing great  abundance.  5.  -o  e  dico! 
I  ask  in  amazement  !  6.  Arme  -anti, 
(herald.)  Fr.  annes  a  enquerre,  arms 
which  violate  the  ordinary  rules,  and  so 
raise  the  question  of  their  origin. 

Domand-ina  ditn.,  -uccia  dint,  sprcg.,  of  -a. 

Domini  or  Dimani  (L.  rfi.-,  mane); 
to-morrow.      -  a  otto,  this  day  week. 
-  1'  altro,  the  day  after  to-morrow. 

Domaniale  ;  T.  Demanio. 

Dom-are  ind.  domo  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Tame)  ;  to  break  in,  to  tame. 

Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

*  Domatriare;~Decretare. 

Domattina;  to-morrow  morning. 

Domeneddfo,  Domineddio  ;  the  Al- 
mighty. 

Dominica  f.  (L.  dies  dominica)  ; 
Sunday.  •—  delle  palme,  or  dell'  ulivo, 
Palm  Sunday.  —  in  albis,  Sunday  after 
Easter.  —  di  Passione,  Sunday  before 
Palm  Sunday.  Aver  la  pasqua  in  —  , 
to  succeed  beyond  one's  hopes,  -,'. 
Pasqua.  Esser  battezzato  in  —  ,  to  be 
a  fool,  because  when  shops  were  not 
open  on  Sunday  no  salt  was  obtainable, 
salt  being  often  used  metaphorically  to 
mean  good  sense. 

Domenicale  or  Dominicale;  i.  of 
Sunday  ;  Orazione  —  ,  the  Lord's  Prayer. 
2.  as  s&.,  Sunday  dress  ;  Chi  porta 
sempre  il  —  o  bene  bene  o  male  male, 
i.e.  he  has  many  good  coats  or  only  one 
of  any  kind.  3.  belonging  to  the  land- 
lord ;  Parte  —  ,  the  landlord's  share  of 
the  produce  of  a  farm. 

Domenicano;  i.  Dominican.  As 
sfr.  :  2.  =  Pidocchio,  louse.  3.  a  variety 
of  pigeon  with  white  breast  and  black 
back.  4.  =Ouattrl  occhi,  golden-eye 
duck. 

*  Domenichino  m.  ;  sclierz.  i.  meddlesome  and 
affected  person,     ii.   footman  engaged  to  come  only 
on  Sundays. 

*Domentre;  whilst. 
Domest  ica  f.  ;  maidservant. 
Domesticamente  ;  familiarly. 
Domesticare  ind.  domestico  ;=  Addomesticare, 
to  tame. 

*  Dornesticheto  m.  ;  cultivated  ground. 
Domestichezza  f.  ;    i.    familiarity.      2.    of  a 

plant,  the  fact  of  its  being  a  cultivated  variety. 

Domestic-o  (L.);  i.  domestic.  2.  tame  (ani- 
mal), cultivated  (plant  or  ground).  3.  Alia  -a,  with 
familiarity. 


DOMICILIARE— DOPPIO 


215 


Domicili-are  adj.,  -arsi,  -o  (L.);  as  E. 

*  Domificiare;    to  divide   the   sky   into   twelve 
"  houses." 

*  Domil-a  or -ia;  two  thousand. 
Domin-are  itut.  domino,  -atore,  -alrice,  -azione 

(L.);  as  E. 

D6mine  !  (L.);  Lord  ! 
Domineddio;  v.  Domeneddio. 
Dominicalc;  v.  Domenicale. 

Dominio  m.  (L.) ;  i.  dominion. 
2.  domain ;  -  -  pubblico,  the  public 
domain,  viz.  streets,  harbours,  rivers,  etc. 
j.  ownership;  --  utile,  usufruct;  — 
diretto,  complete  ownership.  4.  (herald?) 
Arme  di  — ,  arms  belonging  to  a  par- 
ticular territory,  and  therefore  always 
united  in  the  same  way  to  the  family 
arms  of  its  ruler. 

Dbmino  m.  (L.);  (leg.)  —  diretto, 
complete  owner.  —  utile,  beneficial 
owner. 

Domin6  in. ;  I.  domino,  the  hood 
worn  at  a  masked  ball,  or  a  person 
wearing  one.  2.  the  game  of  dominoes, 
or  one  of  the  pieces,  or  the  whole  set  of 
pieces;  Far  — ,  to  win. 

Etynt.  L.  dntninus.  The  term  came  to  Italy 
from  France;  Littre  refers  it  to  "a  bit.  dt»niru>, 
priest's  head-dress,  from  dominicalc,  in  the  sense 
of  dress  worn  by  intending  communicants,  from 
dominus,  the  Lord,  the  eucharist.  The  game  re- 
ceived its  name  on  account  of  the  black  colour  on 
the  back  of  each  of  the  pieces."  Brachet  marks  it 
as  a  Spanish  word,  but  agrees  with  Littre  as  to  the 
origin  of  the  name  of  the  game. 

*  Domino;  part.  Domare. 

Dominus;  i.  Where  there  is  one  person  in  a 
house  or  an  office  who  dominates  everybody,  he  is 
said  by  educated  people  to  be  the  dominus  domi- 
nantium,  or  by  those  who  have  no  Latin  the  domino 
dominanzio.  2.  When  a  thing  has  been  given  or 
received,  or  a  service  rendered  without  anything  in 
return,  it  is  said  to  be  per  un  Dominant  Deum  tuunt 
or  per  un  Christum  Dominum  nostrum.  3.  Ha 
fatto  dominus  vobiscum  or  vobisco.  an  expression 
used  of  one  who  swallows  his  helping  in  a  couple 
of  mouthfuls. 

Domma  or  Dogma  m.  (Gr.) ;  dogma. 

*  Dom maggio  in.;-  Danno. 
Dommasc-ato,  -hino,  -o;  =Damas<;-ato,  ecc. 
Dommatic-ayl;   that  part  of  theology  which 

treats  of  dogma.     AJjf.   -amente,  -o,  Dommat-ismo, 
-izzare. 

D6mo  (A) ;  sync,  for  Domato.    (B) ; 

1.  In  dotno  Petri,  in  prison.  2.  v.  Duomo. 

Don ;  short  for  Donno,  a  title  given 
to  priests  in  Tuscany  and  to  the  higher 
aristocracy  in  Rome,  Milan,  etc.  *short 
for  Donde. 

Donabile ;  worthy  to  be  given. 
Donacilla^;  wedge  shell,  Donax. 

Donare  ind.  dono  (L.);  i.  to  give. 

2.  intr.  to  suit ;  II  vestito  nero  le  dona, 
she  looks  well  in  black. 

*Donario/«.;  i.  treasury  of  a  temple,  ii.  votive 
offering. 

Donatario  m. ;  (.leg.)  grantee. 

Donat611o  m. ;  dim.  Donato  (i). 

Donatisti  m.  pl.\  an  African  sect  of  heretics  in 
the  4th  and  5th  centuries,  followers  of  Donatus. 

Donativo  m. ;  donation  not  made 
by  deed,  v.  Donazione. 

Donato  m. ;  i.  Latin  grammar,  from 
the  name  of  a  grammarian  of  the  4th 
century.  2.  San  Donato  da  in  capo  a 
San  Giusto,  i.e.  gifts  are  not  made  on 
principles  of  justice.  3.  Donato  emorto 
e  Ristoro  sta  male,  Donato  e  morto 
sull'  Alpe,  phrases  in  refusal  of  a  re- 
quest for  a  present. 

Don-at6re  m.,  -at6ra,  -atrice/^;  giver. 


Donazione  /;  gift  made  by  a  legal  deed  of 
transfer. 

*Donche;  =  Dunque. 
Donchiscidtt-e;  Don  Quixote.    Aff.  -esco. 

D6nde  (L.  tie,  untie) ;  whence. 

*  Dondirillon-e  »/.,  -*f-\  do-nothing. 
Dond6;  imit.  of  bells  being  rung. 

D6ndola/;  rocking-chair. 

Dondol-are  ind.  dondolo  (prob.  of 
imit.  origin,  v.  Skeat, sub  Dandle);  I.  to 
swing.  2.  Mi  dondola  la  testa,  my  head 
swims.  3.  fig.  to  put  (a  creditor)  off 
day  after  day.  4.  -arsi,  to  stand  idling. 
Aff.  -ame"nto. 

Dondoll,  Dondolo  adv. ;  expressing 
the  swing  of  a  long  rope,  also  the  sound 
of  a  bell. 

Dondolino  «.;  (&>/.)  —  Emero,  scorpion  senna. 

Dondolfo  m. ;  swinging. 

D6ndolo  m. ;  anything  swinging, 
pendulum  of  a  clock,  etc.  Cavallo  a — , 
rocking-horse.  Sedia  a  — ,  rocking- 
chair.  Stare  a  — ,  or  a  dondoloni,  to 
stand  idling. 

Dondol6n-e ;«., -a/;  i.  idler.  2.  -a, 
rocking-chair. 

Dondol6ni  adv. ;  in  idleness. 

*Dondora_/;  some  musical  instrument. 
*Dondunque;  whencesoever. 

Donerello  in. ;  diin.  Dono. 

Donicale;  the  name  of  a  variety  of  fig. 

D6nn-a  f.  (L.  domino);  i.  woman. 
2.  wife.  3.  at  cards,  the  queen. 

Aff.  -acchera  spreg.,  -accia  pegg., 
-accina  pegg.  vezz.,  silly  credulous 
woman,  -accinata  act  of  a  -accia,  -accola 
spreg.  vulgar  woman.  t-accoro  =  Don- 
naiuolo,  -aiuolo  spreg.  friend  of  the  fair 
sex,  -arella  dim.  spreg.,  -escamdnte  adv., 
-e'sco  adj.  in  good  sense,  belonging  to 
woman's  sphere,  -etta  dim.  vezz.  some- 
times spreg.,  -ettaccia  pegg.  of  -etta, 
-etti'na  dim.  vezz.,  esp.  of  a  clever  girl, 
-icciolata  act  of  a  -icciuola,  -icciuola 
dim.  spreg.  stupid  woman,  with  no 
strength  of  character,  -iccioluccia  sub- 
dim,  of  -iuola,  -ina  dim.  vezz.  i.e.  (i) 
good  woman,  (2)  clever  girl,  or  (3)  good 
woman,  e.g.  in  addressing  a  respectable 
woman  to  ask  for  information,  -ino 
masc.  (i)  pretty  little  woman,  (2)  clever 
little  girl,  (3)  man  engaged  on  woman's 
work  in  a  household.  See  also  below, 
Donnona,  etc. 

*  Donno  in.  (L.  daminits);  master,  lord.     Dartisi 
il  — ,  to  be  disinclined  to  work.     Che  avran  di  con- 
solar  1'  anime  donne,  D.  Purg.  19.  51,  they  shall  have 
their  souls  masters  of  consoling,  which  is  customarily 
explained  to  mean  their  souls  shall  be  comforted ; 
the  phrase  is  adapted  from  the  Gospel  word  cottsola- 
pufiiur,  Matt.  v.  4. 

Dbnnola  f. ;  weasel,  Mustela  vul- 
garis. 

Etytn.  L.  dominula,  dim.  of  domina,  young 
lady ;  the  weasel  was  so  termed  with  an  idea  of 
propitiation,  cp.  dialectic  It.  forms  bellora,  bennula, 
bilite,  and  Fr.  belette,  all  of  which  are  <  L.  bella, 
beautiful,  whilst  in  Danish  the  animal's  name  is  den 
skjtenne,  the  pretty,  and  in  Bavarian  schotttliierUint 
the  pretty  little  beast. 

Ddnnolo  /«.;  (bot.)  mastic  tree,  v.  Mastice. 

Donn-6na  augm.  big  fat  woman,  or 
tall  girl,  -6ne  masc.  tall,  commanding- 
looking  woman,  -6tta  well-formed  wo- 
man, -uccia  feeble  little  woman,  -ucci- 
accia  pegg.  of  -uccia,  -ucci'na  dim.  of 


-uccia,  -ucola  dim.  spreg.  wretched  little 
woman. 

D6n-o  m.  (L.) ;  gift,  -i  dello  Spirito 
santo,  the  seven  gifts  of  the  Holy  Spirit 
conveyed  by  the  sacrament  of  Con- 
firmation, viz.  wisdom,  knowledge,  in- 
telligence, prudence,  fortitude,  piety, 
and  fear  of  God.  Hence  scherz.  L'  ot- 
tavo  —  dello  Spirito  santo,  i.e.  the  gift 
of  stupidity. 

*  Donora,  old  f.  pi.  of  Dono ;  bridal  trousseau. 
*Donuzzo  in.;  dim.  Dono. 

Donzella/  (mlt.  dominicella,  dim. 
of  L.  domina} ;  i.  girl.  2.  a  local  name 
for  several  species  of  fish,  as  under. 

t(«)  peacock  fish,  ?'.  Creniiabro  (2).  (fr)  —  zigu- 
rella,  rainbow  fish,  Julis  vulgaris,  also  termed  Don- 
zella, Girella,  Membro  di  re,  Mincia.  Maravizzo, 
Papaga,  Pesce  girasoi,  Pizzi  di  re,  Viola,  Vidiola. 
(c)  wrasse  of  various  species,  v.  Testa  (u)  and 
Labbro  (b  to  e).  (rf)  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sciar- 
rano  (4). 

*  Donzellarsi ;  to  play. 

Donzeltetta  / ;  i.  dim.  Donzella. 
2.  a  kind  of  pastry. 

•Donzellina^:;  i.  i.n.  Donzelletta.  ii.  Uscir 
di  — ,  to  grow  up,  be  independent. 

Donzcllo  m. ;  municipal  servant, 
messenger. 

*  i.  son  of  a  nobleman,     ii.  servant. 

Donzelldna  / ;  =  Zitellona,  old  maid. 

Donzelldne  m. ;  =  Gingillone,  trifler, 
idler. 

*  Doplare  ;=  Raddoppiare,  to  double. 

*  Doplero  m. ;  ~  Doppiere,  candlestick. 

*  Doplo  ;  =  Doppio,  double. 

D6po  (L.  lie,  post,  v.  Poi);  i.  after. 
2.  afterwards.  3.  pop.  =  Dietro,  behind. 
4.  A  — ,  at  a  later  time. 

D6ppia/i;  i.  lining  piece  at  the  foot 
of  a  skirt.  2.  an  old  coin  varying  in 
value  according  to  locality.  3.  imitation 
jewel  made  up  with  two  pieces  of  real 
stone. 

Doppiam&nte ;  doubly. 

Doppiam.6n.to  m. ;  plating  copper 
with  silver. 

Doppiare  ind.  doppio  ;  I.  to  make 
two  ewes  suckle  one  lamb.  2.  (mar.) 
to  double  (a  promontory).  *  =  Raddop- 
piare, to  double. 

Doppieggiare  ind.  doppidggio ;  i.  of 
a  badly  printed  letter,  to  seem  double. 
2.  to  be  insincere.  3.  to  have  a  double 
meaning. 

Doppiere  m. ;  i.  large  wax  candle 
or  torch.  2.  large  ornamented  candle- 
stick. 3.  branched  candlestick. 

Doppi6zza/.;  i.  doubleness.  2.  du- 
plicity. 

Doppfno  m.;  (mar.)  bight  of  a  rope. 

D6pp-io  (L.  duplus,  lit.  twice  full, 
v.  Pieno);  i.  double.  2.  Tirarla  giii  a 
refe  — ,  or  a  campane  -ie,  i.e.  to  speak 
very  strongly  against  a  person.  3.  Di 
nervi  -i,  of  extraordinary  strength. 
4.  double-minded ;  Piu  —  delle  cipolle, 
very  tricky.  5.  of  a  woman,  pregnant. 
6.  (mus.)  Passo  — ,  a  piece  of  music 
played  whilst  marching.  As  s6. :  7-  Due, 
tre,  etc.  -i,  twice,  three  times,  etc.  as 


2l6 


DOPPIONACCIO— DOVERE 


much  ;  Ti  ce  ne  vorra  quattro  -i  di 
questo,  you  will  want  four  times  as 
much  of  it  as  this.  8.  clang  of  two 
bells  at  once.  9.  --  di  seta,  cocoon 
made  by  two  silkworms.  10.  {herald.*) 
(a)  (Croce)  -ia  or  patriarcale,  with  two 
horizontal  arms;  (6)  —  merlato,  (ordi- 
nary) battlemented  on  both  sides. 

*  Doppionaccio  in. ;  trickster. 

Doppi6ne  in. ;  I.  duplicate  book  in 
a  library.  2.  cocoon  containing  two 
silkworms.  3.  flaw  in  cloth  due  to 
doubling  of  the  thread.  4.  doublet,  at 
dominoes.  5.  doubloon,  Spanish  double 
pistole,  v.  Pistola.  6.  doublet,  a  term 
applied  to  a  word  essentially  the  same  as 
another,  but  with  some  slight  difference 
in  form  and  meaning.  *  =  Doppiere. 

Doradilla  /;  (tot.)  ceterach,  or  stale  fern,  a 
genus  of  Asf>l?iiiuin. 

Dorado  m. ;  a  southern  constellation. 

Dor-are   ind.   doro   (L.   deaurare)  ; 

1.  to  gild.     2.  in  cooking,  f-.Indorare. 
Aff.  -atore. 

Doratura /. ;  i.  gilding.  2.  in//., 
gilt  ornamentation.  3.  v.  Dorare  (2). 
4.  the  yellow  part  of  the  fur  of  a  hare. 

Dore  (Fr.) ;  burnished  gold  colour 
on  shoes. 

Dorella  /;  (tot.)  gold-of-pleasure,  Cauulinn 
stitiva,  iilso  u-rriu-i!  Camamina,  Camelina,  Miagro. 

Dorema  f. ;  (bat.)  a  genus  of  UmbtUlfira*,  one 
of  which  furnishes  the  drug  anuuoiiiacuni. 
*Doreria_/C;  gold  plate. 

*  Doriana  ;  Dore  — ,  =  Arancione,  dark  yellow. 
Dorianto  m. ;  (tot.)  a  genus  of  Amaryllidaceae, 

[loryantlics. 

D6ric-o ;  as  E.  Aff.  -amente,  -ismo,  -izzare  to 
.'.|K'.ik  or  write  in  severe  style. 

Ddridi  HI.  //. ;  sea-lemons,  Doritics,  a  genus  of 
N  udibranchiata. 

*  Doriforo  »/.;  halberdier. 

*  Dorm-  or  Dormi-alfuoco  in.;  lazybones. 

*  Dormentare  ;=  Dormicchiare. 

Dorm-entbrio  or  -itbrio  m.;  i.  as  E. 

2.  means  of  procuring  sleep. 

Dbrmi  in. ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  be  in- 
attentive. Fra  il  —  e  il  veglia,  half 
awake. 

Dormicchiare ;  to  doze. 

Donniente  ;  (mar.)  i.  of  a  rope, 
fast,  fixed  at  one  end.  As  sb. :  2.  the 
fixed  end  ;  Far  —  sul  ponte,  sulle  para- 
sartie,  sulla  testadimoro,  etc.,  to  be  fixed 
to  these  points.  3.  the  course  of  timbers 
which  runs  all  round  the  ship  supporting 
the  heads  of  various  beams,  so  that  the 
Pontuale  and  the  Trincarino  are  both 
of  them  Dormienti.  4.  —  del  capone, 
standing  part  of  the  cat  fall.  5.  in  pi., 
standing  rigging  of  all  kinds,  ta  name 
for  certain  funguses  which  grow  under 
the  snow. 

*  Dormigliare  ;=  Dormicchiare. 

Dormigli6n-e  ;«.,  -a  /;  late  riser. 

Dormiglidso ;  i.  sleepy.  2.  Jig. 
careless,  indifferent. 

Dormi6ni  m.  pi. ;  —  della  macchina, 
bearers. 

Dormire  ind.  dormo  (L.,  cp.  Slavonic 
dremati,  viz.  in  Russian  and  old  Bul- 
garian, Homeric  Gr.  (Spadov,  Sanskr. 
drati,  sleeps,  nidritas,  asleep) ;  to  sleep. 


-  la  bianca,  la  seconda,  la  prima,  la 
grossa,  the  sleeps  of  silkworms.  Prov. 
Fortuna  e  dormi,  i.e.  some  people  are 
always  lucky. 

IteS"  The  pres.  part,  is  dorm-ente  or 
-iente  but  not  indifferently,  e.g.  I  sette 
dormienti,  the  seven  sleepers,  Un  amo- 
rino  dormente,  a  sleeping  Cupid. 

Dormit-a  /. ;  a  long  sleep,  esp.  that 
of  silkworms.  Aff.  -accia  augm.  pegg., 
too  long  a  sleep,  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  a  nap  in 
daytime,  -6na  augm.,  a  splendid  sleep. 

Dormitbrio ;  v.  Dormentorio. 

Dormive'glia  / ;  drowsy  state. 

Dordnico  in.;  (tot.)  leopard's  bane,  Dor<»iii  inn  ; 
the  term  is  said  to  be  adapted  from  Arabic  (Littre). 

Dorotee  f.  pi. ;  a  religious  sisterhood  under  the 
protection  of  S.  Dorothea. 

Dorsale;  i.  dorsal.  2.  as  sb.  f., 
watershed. 

D6rso  or  D6sso  m.  (L.  darsum)  ; 
back,  v.  Dosso. 

*Dosa/!;  =  Dose,  dose. 

Dos-amento,  -are  ind.  doso,  -at6re,  -atura, 
-e ;  dosing,  etc.  Etynt.  Gr.  660-15,  giving. 

Dossalew.;  i.  reredos.  2.  =*Paliotto, 
frontal  of  an  altar.  3.  cover  for  a 
missal. 

*  Dossello  t».  ;=Baldacchino,  canopy. 

*  Dossier-e  or  -o  m.\  back-rest  for  sitting  up  in 
bed. 

Dosso  m.;  a  familiar  form  of  Dorso, 
or  with  the  meaning  of  hump.  Far  — 
di  buffone,  to  seek  one's  own  advantage 
regardless  of  what  people  may  say.  In 
//.,  Dossi,  back  skins  used  for  making 
pelisses. 

Dossologia  / ;  (ecd.)  doxology,  viz. 
the  Gloria  in  excelsis  and  the  Gloria 
patri. 

Dbt-a  f.\pop.  for  -e.  -ale  adj.  -are 
ind.  doto  ;  to  endow.  -aziOne  f. ;  en- 
dowment -&/.;  dowry,  -erella/  dim. 
vesz.,  -ina/  dim.,  -6na/  or  -6ne  /;/. 
augm.,  of  -e,  dowry. 

Etytn.     L.  dos,  dotis,  akiu  to  dare. 

•DoU-a(A)/  (either<It.  otta,  hour,  or  O.H.G. 
ttflhtn,  morning,  with  a  d  prefixed) ;  i.  space  of 
time.  A  — ,  in  good  time;  In  poca  — ,  =  In  breve, 
shortly,  ii.  Ta'  dotte,  =  Talora,  sometimes,  iii.  de- 
lay. Rimetter  le  -e,  a  phrase  still  used,  to  make  up 
tor  lost  time.  iv.  opportunity,  v.  Mala  — ,  =  Mala 
parata,  bad  condition  of  affairs,  vi.  A  tua,  sua,  ecc. 
— ,  at  your,  his,  etc.  pleasure. 

*(B)  (Proven9.  debits,  cp.  old  Fr.  double,  Fr. 
dauttt  <  L.  dtibitare)  fear,  anxiety.  Aff.  to  (B), 
*-aggio,  *-amento,  *-anza,  *-are. 

Dottam^nte  ;  learnedly. 
Dottato  (etyrn.  dub.) ;  the  name  of  an 
early  variety  of  fig,  also  termed  Ottato. 

D6tte  ;  v.  supra  Dotta  (A,  iii). 
*  Dottevole ;  v.  Dotta  (B). 

D6tt-0  (L.) ;  learned.  Armi  -e,  the 
artillery  and  engineers.  *As  sb.  = 
Dotta  (B). 

Dott6r-a/I;  sjrrcg.  blue-stocking,  -accio  ;;/. ; 
fegg-  -aggine  /. ;  sellers:,  doctor's  trade,  -ale  ; 
adj.  -almente ;  adv.  -ame  in. ;  spreg.  lot  of 
beastly  doctors,  -ato  ;«. ;  doctor's  degree. 

Dott6r-e  in.  (L. ,  v.  suf>ra,  Decente) ;  i.  doctor  in 
any  sense,  but  usn.  as  in  E.  medical  man.  2.  =  Pic- 
chiotto,  nut-hatch.  Aff.  -eggiare  =  Sdottoreggiare, 
-ello  dim.  spreg. ,  *-eriaarTectation  of  doctorial  gravity, 
-escamente  ad"j.,  -esco  spreg.  sellers.,  *>esmo  sen- 
tentious arrogance,  -essa  usu.  spreg.  =  Donna  saccente, 
but  also  said  of  a  really  well-informed  woman,  -etto 
dim.  vt'ss.,  -icchio  dim.  spreg.,  -mo  dim.  vezz,,  -one 
augm.,  -uccio  spreg.  poverty-stricken  doctor,  -ficolo 
spreg.  ignorant  doctor. 


*  Dottoso  (Dotta,  B) ;  i.  dubious,    ii.  formidable. 
iii.   timorous. 

*  Dottrimento  ;   in  the  Convito  of  Dante,  prat. 
a   copyist's    mistake    for   Dottrinamento,   or    Detri- 
mento. 

Dottrin-a  /  (L.  doctriita,  <  doctus  ; 
v.  supra  sub  Decente)  ;  i.  doctrine. 
2.  learning,  knowledge.  3.  catechism, 
either  written  or  oral. 

Aff.  -ale,  -almente,  '-are  =  Addottrinare,  -ario 
doctrinaire. 

Dotuccia_/;  dim.  spreg.  Dote. 
tDourmigh6ne  /«.;  torpedo-fish,  v.  Torpedine. 

D6ve  (L.  de,  ubt);  where.  -  che, 
wherever.  In  or  Per  ogni  — ,  every- 
where. As  sb.,  place,  whereabouts. 

Dovechessia  ;  somewhere  or  other. 

Doventare  ;  i.q.  Diventare,  to  be- 
come. 

Dove're  ind.  debbo  or  devo  devi 
deve  dobbiamo  dovete  debbono  or 
devono,  imperf.  dovcvo,  perf.  dovdi 
or  dovdtti  dovdsti  dovfc  or  dovette 
dovdmmo  dovdste  dovtfrono  or  dovet- 
tero,  fut.  dovro,  cond.  dovrei,  subj. 
dcbba  or  deva,  parts,  dovendo  doviito 
(L.  debcre<.de-hiberc,  in  Plautus,  i.e.  to 
have  away,  have  on  loan) ;  i.  to  be 
obliged.  2.  to  owe  ;  —  avere  da  uno, 
to  be  his  creditor  ;  Tu  non  devi  aver 
nulla  da  me,  I  do  not  owe  you  any- 
thing. For  —  as  sb.,  see  below. 

IS*  "The  verbs  Dovere,  Potere 
and  Volere  take  the  auxiliary  in  com- 
pound tenses  belonging  to  the  verb 
they  govern,  thus: — Ho  dovuto  conce- 
dergli  tutto  quello  che  mi  ha  chiesto  : 
Avrebbe  dovuto  dare  il  buon  esempio : 
Non  han  voluto  mantenere  la  promessa, 
because  the  verbs  Concedere,  Dare, 
Mantenere  are  transitive  and  conju- 
gated accordingly  with  Avere ;  similarly, 
Non  ho  potuto  dormire,  Ho  dovuto,  or 
voluto  sedere  in  terra,  because  Dormire 
and  Sedere  are  amongst  those  intransi- 
tive verbs  which  take  Avere  as  their 
auxiliary.  But: — Son  dovuti  venir  soli, 
La  cosa  non  era  potuta  riuscire,  E  voluto 
partir  subito,  because  Venire,  Riuscire, 
Partire,  are  intransitives  conjugated 
with  Essere. 

"  In  the  case  of  reflective  and  re- 
ciprocal verbs,  if  the  reflective  pronoun 
is  affixed  to  the  verb,  the  auxiliary  used 
with  Dovere,  Potere,  Volere,  is  Avere, 
as  Tu  non  avresti  dovuto  affligerti  cosi. 
But  if  it  is  divided  from  its  own  verb 
and  precedes  Dovere,  Potere  or  Volere, 
these  verbs  are  then  conjugated  with 
Essere,  as  Tu  non  ti  saresti  dovuto 
affliggere  cpsi"  (Rigutini  and  Fanfani, 
Lingua  italiana  parlata). 

*  Obsolete  or  poetical  forms:  ist/nrj.  ind.  debbio, 
deggio,  dejo  or  deo ;  2nd  debbi  or  dei ;  3rd  debbe, 
dee,  de',  degge,  dene  or  die,  deci  — ci  deve,  desi  =  si 
dee,  dello  =  lodeve,  demi  =  mi  deve  ;  ist//.  debbiamo, 
deggiamo,  devemo,  deviamo  or  doviamo ;  3rd  //. 
deggiono,  deono,  denno  or  den ;  ist  imperf.  devea, 
dovia  or  dovie ;  ist  pi.  dobbiavamo ;  3rd  pi.  devieno 
or  dovieno ;  \-Aptrf.  devei  ordevetti ;  3rd//.  debber  ; 
istyw/.  doverb ;  and//,  dovrite;  ist  coftd.  dovcrei; 
3rd  doveria  or  devria ;  3rd  //.  doverianp,  dovrian, 
dovrien ;  imperat.  debbia,  e.g.  debbiami  aiuUire  — 
aiutami;  ist  pres.  subj.  dea  or  deggia;  2nd  debbi, 
debbia,  debbie  or  deggi ;  3rd  debbia  or  deggia  ;  and 
pi.  debbiate ;  3rd  //.  debbiano,  debbino  or  deggiano ; 
3rd  imperf.  subj.  dovisse ;  3rd  pi.  devessero ;  in/in. 
dovire ;  part,  dobbiendo. 


DOVERE— DROGA 


217 


Dov6re>«.;  i.  duty.  2.  task.  3.  the 
right  amount  of  a  thing  ;  Codesto  prezzo 
e  esagerato  ;  se  non  venite  alle  cose  del 
—  ,  non  si  fa  nulla,  your  price  is  ex- 
orbitant ;  if  you  do  not  come  down  to 
a  reasonable  standard,  we  cannot  do 
business.  4.  in  pi.,  respects,  compli- 
ments ;  Fai  i  miei  doveri  alia  tua 
signora,  convey  my  respects  to  your 
wife. 

Dover6s-0  ;  due.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 

*Dovetanza/:;  =  Dubitanza,  doubt. 

*  Dovidere  ;  =  Dividere. 

Dovlzi-a  f.  (variant  of  Divizia,  <  L. 
divitia,  root  div,  to  shine)  ;  abundance. 
Aff.  -osamdnte,  -oso. 

Dovunque  (L.  u6i,  unguam]  ;  wher- 
ever. 

Dovutam&ite  ;  duly. 

*Dozzi  (L.  duodecim)\  twelve. 

Dozii'na  /  (It.  dozzi)  ;  i.  dozen  ; 
Mettere  in  —  ,  to  reckon  as  common- 
place. 2.  board  and  lodging,  or  the 
cost  thereof;  —  discreta,  rent  of  fur- 
nished lodgings  without  board,  also 
termed  Mezza  —  ;  Stare  a  —  ,  to  be 
a  boarder  ;  Tenere  or  Dare  a  —  •,  to 
keep  a  boarding-house.  The  origin  of 
this  use  of  the  word  was  presumably  the 
fact  that  a  boarder  is  one  of  a  dozen  or 
so  of  other  people.  3.  Da  —  ,  common, 
second-rate,  but  not  so  inferior  as  is 
expressed  by  Dozzinale. 

Dozzinal-e  ;  common,  poor.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Dozzinante  m.  ;  boarder. 

Draba  f.  ;  (bot.)  whitlow-grass,  Draba,  a  genus 
of  Cntciferae. 

Dracena  f.  ;  (bot.)  dragon-tree,  Dracaena. 

*  Draco  ;  v.  Drago. 

Dracocefalo  m.  ;  (but.)  balm  of  Gilead,  Draco- 
cepkalunt, 

Draconiano;  as  E. 

Dracontiasiyl  ;  guinea-worm,  a  tropical  disease. 

Drac6nziom.,or  Dragontea^;  (bol.)  common 
dragon,  A  rjtm  dracunciilits,  also  termed  Erba  saetta. 

Drad6ttayT;=Dorella,  gold-of-pleasure. 

Drag-a  /  (A)  ;  v.  Drago.  (B)  ; 
(mar.}  (Fr.  drague,<TL.  drag);  dredge. 


Dragante  m.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr.  rpayoueoi'tfa)  ;  = 
Adragante,  tragacanth. 

(B)(faar.)  main  transom,  wing-transom.  Gugliel- 
motti  suggests  that  it  may  be  a  corruption  of  Tricanto, 
three-cornered  (piece  of  wood),  which  is  confirmed 
by  its  having  a  variant  Triganto. 

Dragare  ;  =  Bargagnare,  to  dredge. 

*  Draghetto  m.  (dim.  Drago)  ;  a  holder  of  the 
tinder  for  firing  an  arquebus  before  the  invention  of 
flint-locks. 

Draghignazzo  ;  one  of  the  devils  in  Dante's 
Inferno,  cantos  21  and  22. 

*  Draghinassayl;  scherz.  sword. 

Dragila  /  ;  i.  (mar.}  —  or  Traglia, 
stay,  e.g.  —  del  fiocco,  jib-stay,  —  della 
vela  di  straglio  di  maestra,  stay  of  the 
main  stay-sail.  2.  =  Draga,  dredge. 
3.  =Rotaia,  rail.  4.  ferry-rope,  used  at 
ferries  where  the  force  of  the  current  is 
employed  to  drive  the  ferry-boat  across. 
5.  the  ferry-boat  itself.  6.  any  rope  on 
which  something  runs  upon  rings. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Roumanian  fragla,  drag-net  ; 
Provenc..  tralk-s,  tow-line;  late  Prove^.  irate, 
dralho,  ferry-rope  ;  Fr.  traille,  ferry-rope,  or  boat  ; 
Span,  tralla,  rope;  Portug.  tralha,  fishing-net,  or 

H. 


bolt-rope  ;  Span,  trailla,  trahilla,  sledge,  <  L.  tra- 
gula,  a  dragged  thing,  <  the  stem  of  trahere,  to 
draw  (Korting). 

Littr6  however  does  not  identify  the  Fr.  draille, 
the  obvious  analogue  of  draglia,  with  traille,  and 
refers  traille  to  a  contraction  from  tirailler<tirer. 
And  Guglielmotti  takes  the  same  view  with  regard 
to  Dragiia  and  Traglia,  v.  Traglia. 

*Dragma_/C  (Gr.);  drachma,  the  weight  or  coin. 

Drago. m.  (L.  draco,<Gr.  Spaxav, 
perhaps  from  the  root  of  depKopcu,  to 
see,  from  the  dragon's  assumed  sharp 
sight);  i.  dragon.  2.  the  constellation. 
3.  Sangue  di  — ,  or  di  dragone,  dragon's 
blood,  a  gum  resin  exuded  by  the  Dra- 
caena. *  —  volante,  =  Aquilone,  boy's 
kite. 

Dragomanno  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  drogman 
and  truchement,  Proveng.  dragomans, 
Span,  dragoman  and  trujaman,  mlt. 
dragumanus,  a  word  introduced  into 
Europe  by  the  Crusaders  from  medieval 
Gr.  Spayovfiavof  <  Arabic  targamdn,<.a. 
verb  targama,  to  explain) ;  dragoman, 
official  interpreter  in  Turkey. 

Dragdna  f. ;  sword-knot,  a  ribbon 
tied  to  the  hilt  of  a  sword,  =  Fr.  dragonne, 
and  so  named  either  from  its  entwining, 
or  from  having  been  first  used  by 
dragoons. 

Dragonario  (Dragoniere)  m.  (L.);  the  dragon 
standard-bearer  in  the  Roman  legion. 

Dragonata/;  dragonnade,  orig.  the 
persecution  of  French  Protestants  by 
raids  of  dragoons  under  Louis  XIV. 

Dragonato ;  (herald.)  terminating  in  a  tail  like 
that  of  a  dragon. 

Dragoncello  m. ;  i.  dim.  Drago.  2.  (tot.) 
tarragon,  Artemisia  dracunculus.  3.  =  Albugine, 
whiteness  on  the  corner  of  the  eye.  4.  a  variety 
of  fig. 

Dragdne  m.  \  i.  i.q.  Drago  (i). 
2.  =  Callionimo,  dragonet  (fish).  3.  (bot.) 
=  Basilico,  basil.  4.  dragoon,  from  the 
short  musket,  called  in  Fr.  dragon, 
which  they  carried.  5.  Sangue  di  — , 
v.  Drago  (3).  6.  —  marino,  sea-serpent. 
7.  the  term  has  also  been  applied  to  a 
water-spout,  a  whirlwind,  and  a  fiery 
meteor. 

Dragon^ssa/;  she-dragon. 

Dragone'tto  m. ;  (paperm.)  reservoir  supplying 
water  to  the  pulping  chamber,  'cannon  of  medium 
size. 

*  Dragoniere  m.  ;  =  Dragonario. 
Dragontea/.;  (hot.)  i.  i.q.  Draconzio.     2.  — 

etiopica,  Egyptian  lily,  Calla  aethiopica,  also  termed 
Giglio  d'  Egitto. 

•Dragontco;  of  a  dragon. 

*  Dragumena/l;  some  fabulous  animal. 
*Dragura  f. ;   Far  una  cosa  a  — ,  =  a  caso,  a 

vanvera. 

Draisina  / ;  trolly,  a  kind  of  velocipede,  in- 
vented in  1816  by  Drais,  of  Mannheim. 

Dramm-a  (A)  m.  (L.,<Gr. 
Spdoi,  to  do,  root  liar) ;  drama. 

(B)/.  (L.,<Gr.  fy>ax/ir/,  handful,  from 
the  stem  of  Spao-trofiat,  to  grasp) ;  r.  the 
ancient  or  the  modern  Greek  drachma, 
a  silver  coin  now  the  same  as  a  franc. 
2.  the  eighth  part  of  an  ounce.  3.  A  — 
a  — ,  little  by  little. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aticam^nte,  -atico,  -ati*zare, 
-aturgia  principles  of  dramatic  art,  -aturgo  play- 
wright, -ettaccio  dim.  pegg.,  -6tto  dim.,  -ettuccio, 
-ettucciaccio,  -ucciaccio,  -uccio  pfgg.  or  spreg. 

*  Drappamento  m. ;  the  pi.  is  drappamenta  /. ; 
drapery. 

*  Drappare;-Drappeggiare,  to  drape. 
•Drappella/;  the  hook  of  a  halberd. 


•Drappellare;  i.  to  brandish  a  flag.  ii.  to  join 
the  colours,  enlist. 

Drappellitto  m. :  dim.  Drappello. 

Drapp&llo  m.  (dim.  Drappo);  troop, 
squad  of  soldiers,  company  of  sports- 
men, etc.  *  =  Bandiera,  flag. 

Drappelldni  m.  pi. ;  hangings,  cur- 
tains of  the  canopy  over  a  high  altar,  or 
upon  the  walls  on  occasion  of  a  church 
festival.  *  =  Cincigli. 

Drapperfa  f. ;  silk  drapery  for  the 
walls  of  rooms. 

*i.  silk  or  cloth  manufacture,  ii.  Official!  di  — , 
officials  of  the  Arte  di  Calimala  in  the  Florentine 
republic,  who  supervised  the  imports  and  exports  of 
silken  and  cloth  fabrics. 

Drappettine  f.  pi. ;  wooden  wedges  used  by 
shoemakers  to  wedge  the  heads  of  their  hammers 
tight. 

Drapp^tto  m. ;  inferior  silken  cloth. 

*  Drappicello  m. ;  i.  dim.  Drappo.    ii.  handker- 
chief. 

•Drappiere '«.;  i.  cloth-worker,  ii.  cloth-mer- 
chant. 

Drappo  m.  (mlt.  drappum,  found  in 
the  Capitularies  of  Charlemagne,  a 
variant  of  mlt.  trapus,  cloth,  >  Span. 
trapo,  cloth,  mlt.  trappalura,  a  horse's 
trappings,  possibly <  low  Germ,  trappen, 
to  trample  upon,  hence  to  full  cloth, 
•v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Drab  adj.  and 
Trap,  2) ;  i.  silk  cloth,  formerly  also 
woollens  or  linens.  2.  —  inglese,  court 
sticking-plaster. 

*i.  =  Palio,  prize,  D.  Inf.  15.  122.    ii.  altar-cloth. 

Drastico(Gr.);  as  E. 

DravayT;  the  river  Drave  in  Hungary. 

Dr£cciay:  (Fr.  dricke,<o\A  Fr.  darstja,  =  A.S. 
darste;  cp.  O. H.G.  trestir,  Germ.  Trester,  skins  of 
pressed  grapes) ;  malt. 

Drenaggio  m.  (Fr.,<E.);  drainage. 
Dr^nto  pop.  for  Dentro ;  within. 
Dr6to/o/>.  for  Dietro;  behind. 

*  Dreusare  vb. ;  the  cry  of  a  swan. 
Driade/(Gr.);  r.  dryad.    2.  (tot.)  an  Alpine 

plant,  Dryas. 

Dli&opop.  for  Dietro;  behind. 

Drillo  tit.  i  a  species  of  monkey. 

*  Dringolare  (Fr.  degriugoler);  to  totter. 

*  Drio ;  =  Dietro,  behind. 

DrittayC;  I.  right  hand.  2.  (mar.} 
starboard;  Per  1'  anca  di  — ,  on  the 
starboard  quarter  ;  Sulla  mura  — ,  on 
the  starboard  bow;  Guardia  di  — , 
starboard  watch. 

Dritt-o(.y;K-.forDiritto) ;  I.  straight; 
Gola  -a,  -v.  Gola.  2.  right  (hand). 
3.  right  side  of  cloth.  4.  upright.  5.  as 
s6.,  (mar.)  post,  e.g.  —  di  poppa,  stern- 
post.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

*Drittorovescio;  upside  down. 

Drizza  f.  (sync,  for  Dirizza,  v.  Di- 
rizzare)  ;  (mar.}  halyard;  for  the  various 
kinds,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  marine. 

Drizzare;  i.  to  trim  (a  boat).  2.  of 
the  wind,  to  veer  aft ;  II  vento  ha 
drizzato  di  mezza  quarta,  the  wind  has 
drawn  aft  half  a  point.  3.  =  Addi- 
rizzare,  to  straighten.  4.  to  hoist. 

Dr6ga/;  drug. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  drogut,  Provenc.  droja, 
drogua,  probably < Dutch  droog,  dry,  cp.  O. H.G. 
trockan,  Germ,  trocken ;  the  word  spread  through 
Europe  in  the  l6th  century,  when  the  Dutch  masters 
of  the  Eastern  trade  were  passing  the  wares  of  the 
East  into  the  markets  of  Europe,  and  the  word  may 

28 


218 


DROGARE— DU  RANTE 


well  have  assumed  its  meaning  from  the  dried  herbs 
from  which  many  drugs  are  prepared.  The  E.  drug 
and  Germ.  Drogue  are  derived  from  French. 

Drogare  ind.  dr6go ;  to  spice. 

Drogheria  f. ;  grocer's  or  chemist's 
shop. 

Drogll&tto  m.  (Fr.  droguet,  perhaps 
<drogue,  because  droguet  was  a  cheap 
stuff);  drugget. 

Drogb.i6r-e  m.,  -a  /;  i.  druggist. 
2.  grocer. 

Drome  f.  pi.  \  (mar.)  =  Dare,  f.  pi.,  spare 
masts  and  yards. 

Dromedario  m.  (L.,  a  variant  of  dramas,  < 
Gr.  Spojuas,  adj.,  running,  root  dra,  to  run);  as  E. 

Drdmo  m.  (prob.  <  Gr.  Spd/xor, 
course) ;  (mar.}  i.  line  of  posts  mark- 
ing a  channel  in  shallow  water.  2.  group 
of  posts  clamped  together,  for  mooring 
a  vessel. 

*  Dropace  in.  (L.);  pitch-plaster. 
Drbzza ;  v .  Trozza. 

*  Drucciol-ente,  or  -evole;  slippery. 
*Druderia^;  kindness,  friendship,  v.  *Drudo. 

Drud-0  m.,  -a  f.  (Germanic  ** dried, 
>Germ.  traut,  beloved,  also  Proveng. 
drutz,  lover  m.,  druda,  lover  f.,  and 
O.H.G.  trfit,  drut,  favourite  friend,  cp. 
Fr.  dru,  sturdy,  of  Celtic  origin  ;  all 
from  a  root  meaning  "  firm,  trustworthy," 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Trow,  True) ;  lover,  in  bad 
sense. 

*in  good  senses,     i.   faithful  lover,  fig.  of  St  Do- 
minic, D.  Par.  12.  55.    ii.  vassal.    As  adj. :  iii.  valiant, 
iv.  of  plants,  luxuriant ;  of  birds,  strong  on  the  wing. 
Druid-a  or  -o  m.,  -essay;,  -ico,  -ismo  m.\ 
as  E. ;  for  etym.  v.  Skeat,  sub  Druid. 

*  Drung-ario,  or  -hino  ;«.;  captain  of  a  -o. 

*  Drungo  m.  (late  L.  drungus,  a  body  of  soldiers, 
of  Celtic  origin) ;  a  corps  of  three  thousand  cavalry 
in  the  Greek  empire. 

Drupa  f.  (L.   drupa,    over-ripe   olive);    (bat.) 
drupe ;   fleshy  fruit,  with  a  stone. 
*Drusciay;;  cajolery. 

Drusci-are  (L.  trusare,  freq.  of 
trudere,  to  push);  i.  to  stroke  with  the 
hand,  to  caress.  2.  to  cajole,  v.  Sdru- 
sciare  and  Strusciare.  Aff.  -ata. 

*Drusciolare;  =  Sdrucciolare,  to  slip. 

*  Drusciolente  ;  =  Sdrucciolevole,  slippery. 

*  Drusciolo ;  —  JLubrico,  slippery. 
Drusian-a  f.  ;    prostitute,    slut.      Aff.    -accia 

pegg.  The  term  is  perhaps  from  the  name  of  one 
of  the  characters  of  the  poems  of  chivalry  (T. 
and  B.). 

t  Druzzolare ;  =  Ruzzolare. 

*Du;  i.  (»*«s.)=Do.     ii.  =  Dunque. 

*Du';  =  Dove. 

*  Duagio  nt.  ;  =  Doagio,  Flemish  cloth. 
Dualberi  m. ;  (mar.)  two  masted  vessel. 
Duale;  as  E. 

Dual-ismo  m.',  i.  cosmogonic  dualism,  seek- 
ing to  explain  the  world  by  the  assumption  of  two 
radically  independent  and  absolute  elements.  2.  dual- 
ism of  two  mutually  antagonistic  political  or  social 
forces.  Aff.  -ista,  -istico,  -ita. 

Dubbi-amente  adv.,  -erello  or  -arello  dim., 
-ezza ;  v.  -o. 

Dlibbi-0  m.  (dubium,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Dubious);  doubt.  As  adj.,  doubtful. 

Aff.  -osamente,  -osita,  -<5so. 
Dubit-are  ind.  dubito;  to  doubt.    Aff.  -abile, 
-ativam^nte,  -ativo,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione,  -oso. 
Duble  m.  (Fr.  double*) ;  imitation  gold. 

Duca  m. ;  I .  duke. 
Gufo,  long-eared  owl. 

Etym.  Byzantine  Gr.  Soi'xar,  <  L. 
ducem,  whilst  Doge,  formed  more 
directly  from  ducem,  has  the  regular 
vowel  change  u  to  o,  like  noce  <  nucem. 
With  Duca  cp.  Germ,  ffersog,  now 
meaning  duke,  formerly  governor,  < 


2.  — cornuto 
*guide. 


O.H.G.  heri-zogo,  =  army-leader,  where 
zogo  represents  the  Teutonic  form  of 
the  root  of  L.  ducere,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tug,  Tow. 

Ducale  ;  ducal.  Bosco  — ,  Bois-le-duc,  the 
name  of  a  town  in  Holland.  Pera  — ,  Duchesse 
d'Angouleme  pear. 

*  Ducare  ;  to  make  (a  person)  a  duke. 

*  Ducarello  m. ;  dim,  spreg.  Duca. 

Ducato  in.;  i.  duchy.  2.  ducat,  a 
gold  coin  formerly  much  used  in  Europe, 
its  commonest  value  being  about  9  or 
10  shillings,  though  there  were  silver 
ducats  in  Italy  worth  3^.  $d.  The  name 
is  said  to  have  been  first  applied  to  a 
silver  coin  bearing  some  reference  to 
the  duchy  (ducatus)  of  Apulia  in  1140. 
The  first  gold  ducat  struck  at  Venice 
in  1284  bore  the  legend  "Sittibi,  Christe, 
datus  quern  tu  regis  iste  ducatus"  "Be 
this  duchy  which  thou  rulest  dedicated 
to  thee,  O  Christ,"  which  may  have 
helped  to  spread  the  name,  though  it 
did  not  originate  it. 

Ducat6ne  /«. ;  ducatoon,  an  old  silver  coin 
worth  five  or  six  shillings. 

Duce  in.  (L.,  v.  Duca);  leader. 

*  Ducea,  Duchea^;  duchy. 

Duch.-6sco  ;  =  Ducale.  -e"ssa  /  ; 
duchess,  -essfna  /. ;  young  duchess, 
or  daughter  of  a  duke.  -&tto  m. ;  dim., 
duke  of  a  small  duchy,  -ino  m.  \  son 
of  a  duke,  -ista  m. ;  ducal  partisan. 

t  Duddeva  ;  Andare  in  — ,  to  go  far  far  away. 

Due  (L.,  from  a  primitive  form  in 
which  the  fundamental  idea  was  separa- 
tion, v.  supra  Dis-  and  Skeat,  sub  Two) ; 
two.  —  e  uno,  (herald.')  of  figures  on 
the  shield  disposed  two  horizontally 
and  one  underneath.  tAs  sb.,  (mar.) 
pinnace. 

Duell-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -ista;  v.  -o. 

Duello  in.',  as  E.  Etym.  In  Latin  liucllum 
was  the  old  form  of  bellum,  war  (for  deriv.  of  which 
v.  Bellicoso),  and  Continued  in  use  alongside  of  it; 
Du  Gauge  quotes  a  definition  of  duellum  helium  as 
"a  duel "  from  Festus,  and  the  word  duellum,  meaning 
"duel,"  is  common  in  mlt.  This  was  doubtless  from 
duo  being  regarded  by  popular  etymology  as  the 
origin  of  duellum. 

Duemila  or  Dumila  ;  two  thousand. 

Duennale ;  biennial. 

Dueponti  w. ;  (war.)  two-decker. 

Duerno  m. ;  printed  sheet  of  two  pages, 
formerly  of  four  pages  or  half  a  Quaderno. 

Duettinow.;  dim.  Duetto  (i). 

Duetto  »(.;  i.  dueL  2.  =  Battuto,  a  Tuscan 
coin  worth  eight  Denari.  3.  in  pi.,  at  dice,  deuces, 
each  die  showing  a  deuce. 

*  Dugaia  f. ;  place  through  which  a  ditch  was 
carried  for  drainage. 

*Duge  m.  ;~Duca,  duke. 

Dugen-cinquanta ;  two  hundred  and  fifty, 
-tesimo,  two  hundredth,  -tista,  writer  or  artist 
of  the  thirteenth  century,  v.  Cinquecentista. 

Dug^nto;  two  hundred.  As  si.,  II 
— ,  the  thirteenth  century.  Consiglio 
de'  or  del  — ,  a  council  under  the 
Florentine  republic  and  renewed  under 
the  Grand  Dukes  of  Tuscany,  -mila, 
two  hundred  thousand. 

Dugli-a  f.\  (mar.)  fake,  spiral  coil  of  rope, 
-are;  to  coil. 

Dugo  m. ;  =  Gufo  reale,  eagle  owl. 

Duina  ;  the  river  Dwina. 

Duinp  m. ;  i.  =  Duetto,  double  twos  at  dominoes, 
etc.     2.  coin  equal  to  two  centesimi. 
*Duisono;=Dittongo,  diphthong. 

Dulcamara ;  i.  /,  (hot.)  woody 
nightshade,  Solatium  dulcamara,  also 
termed  Solatro  legnoso,  Vite  di  Giudea. 


2.  ;«.,  charlatan,  from  the  character  in 
the  Elisir  d'  Amore  of  Donizzetti. 

*Dulcamine  in.;  a  sort  of  pancake  eaten  with 
honey. 

Dulcinea  f.  ;  scherz.  lady-love  (from  Don 
Quixote). 

Dulcite  f.  ;  a  kind  of  Madagascar  sugar. 

*  Dulcurare;  —  Addolcire,  to  sweeten. 

Dulia  f.  (Gr.  SouAei'a);  worship  of  saints  and 
angels. 

*Dumeto  m.  (L.);=Spineto,  thorn-brake. 

*  Dumo  9ft,  (L.   dumus,  for  dus-mus,  v.  supra 
Dis-;  cp.  O.H.G.  er~zus-en,  Germ.  zausent  to  tear); 
bramble-bush  or  thorn-bush. 

Dun-ay^  (Celtic  dftn,  a  hill,  cp.  E.  down,  dune, 
town);  i.  sand-dune.  2.  Rada  delle  -e,  the  Downs, 
the  stretch  of  sea  so  named  near  Deal. 

*  Dunche  ;  =  Dunque.     t=Dove. 
Duncherche;  Dunkirk,  in  France. 

Dunque  (Adonca,  Adonche,  Adon- 
qua,  Adonque,  Donque,  Donche,  Dun- 
che) ;  therefore. 

Etytn.  hazy.  Cogn.  Fr.  done,  old  Fr.  dune, 
adunc,  old  Span,  and  Sardinian  duncas,  Proven^. 
dune,  adonc,<,\j.  donique^  as  long  as,  or  ad  tune, 
then,  or  as  Littrd  suggests  de  uttquant^  with  a  change 
of  sense  paralleled  by  de  usque>jusgue. 

*  D'  unque  ;=  Dovunque, 
Duo  m.  ;  duet. 

Duodecimo  ;=Dodicesimo,  twelfth. 

*  Duodecuplo  ;  twelve  times  as  much. 
*Duodenario  ;  composed  of  twelve  unite. 

Duodeno  m.  (medical  I,.,<L.  duodeni,  twelve); 
(anat.)  the   part   of   the   intestine   next   below   the 
stomach  fora  length  equal  to  twelve  fingers'  breadth. 
*As  adj.\  i.  —Duodecimo,     ii.  ^Duodenario. 

Du61o  m.  (L.  dolus,  for  dolos  or 
dolor)  ;  i.  pain,  grief.  2.  cry  of  pain. 

t  mourning,  cp.  Fr.  deuil. 

Dubmo  or  D6mo  ;;/.  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Dome)  ;  cathedral.  E  1}  opera  del 
—  ,  i.e.  it  is  work  which  will  never  be 
finished. 

*  Duplare  ;  to  multiply  by  two. 

Diiplica/;  (leg.)  rejoinder,  defend- 
ant's answer  to  the  plaintiff's  replication. 

Duplic-are  ind.  duplico,  -atamente,  -ato, 
-at6re;  as  E. 

Duplicazi6ne  f.;  as  E.  —  del  cubo,  the 
problem  of  finding  two  mean  proportionals  between 
two  quantities  one  of  which  is  double  of  the  other, 
which  amounts  to  finding  the  cube  root  of  two,  by 
geometrical  methods. 

Duplic-e  ;  double,  -ita  /.  ;  i.  doubleness. 
2.  as  E. 

Duplo  (L.,  //'/.  twice-full,  <  duoy  two, 
-plus,  allied  \.o  plenus^  full);  double. 

Dur-a  f.  ;  resistance,  in  the  phrase 
Stare  alle  -e.  And  as  a  threat  when 
someone  refuses  to  obey,  when  he 
should.  Oh!  alle  -e  !  finiamola;  se  no, 
vk  male,  Oh  !  we  are  going  to  be  obsti- 
nate; come,  let  us  have  done  with  that, 
or  else  there  will  be  trouble. 

*i.  =  Durata,   duration,     ii.    A!Ie  -e,  in  hard  cir- 
cumstances.    iii.  —  Dimora,  habitation. 
Durabil-e,  -m£nte;  as  E. 
Dur-accio;  pegg.  of  -o. 

Duracine  ;  i.  (fruit)  whose  pulp 
clings  to  the  stone.  2.  a  variety  of 
winter  grape. 

Etym.  \J.,/>rob.<.durus  and  acinus^  grape-pip, 
having  been  first  applied  to  fruit  with  a  hard  stone. 
But  it  may  have  been  a  name  of  locality,  e.g.  from 
Durak  in  Persia,  or  Dyrrhachium  in  Greece. 

Duracla  f.  ;  a  variety  of  black  grape. 

Duralla  !  ;  an  expression  used  on  seeing  some 
one  trying  to  do  what  is  beyond  his  strength,  or  very 
dangerous;  short  for  Durarla. 

Duramadre  f.  ;  (anat,)  dura  mater,  brain 
covering. 

Durame  m.  ;  heart  wood. 

Duram6nte;  harshly. 


Durante;  during. 


DURARE— EDDA 


219 


Durare  (conjugated  with  Avere,  but 
if  in  reference  to  a  relatively  short 
duration  with  Essere) ;  to  endure,  tr. 
or  intr.  Che  la  duri !  I  hope  he  may  be 
able  to  hold  out !  As  applied  to  space, 
O  quanto  dura  questa  strada?  Is  this 
road  never  coming  to  an  end? 

Durastro  ;  rather  tough. 

Durata/!;  duration.  Di — ,  durable. 
*  power  of  resistance. 

Duraturo ;  lasting. 


•Durello;  i.  adj.  a  variety  of  pear.     ii.  Oliver 
of  a  fowl. 

Durett-ino,  -o  ;  sub-dint.  .  dim.  vezz.  ,  of  Duro. 


Dure"vol-e, 


-m6nte  ;  durable, 


etc. 

Dur-ezzay;;  -fccionVw.;  v.  -o. 
*  Duricorio  (L.  dnrus,  corium)  ;  tough-skinned. 

Durio  m.;  (bof.)  durian,  Durio  zibethinns,  a 
tree  of  the  Malay  archipelago  with  a  fruit  of  an 
extraordinary  smell  but  eatable. 

Durlindana  f.  ;  the  name  of  Roland's  sword 
in  the  chivalric  romances  ;  the  Fr.  form  is  Du- 
randal, 

Dur-o  (L.  dnrusy  attributed  to  a  root 


meaning  "tree,"  so  that  the  orig.  mean- 
ing is  hard,  or  strong,  as  a  tree,  v. 
Walde,  sub  Durus) ;  hard,  tough,  firm. 
Terreno  — ,  undisturbed  ground,  and 
therefore  hard.  Orecchio  — i  bad  ear 
for  music.  Stare  alia  -a,  or  alle  -e,  to 
stand  one's  ground,  stand  firm.  -a 
madre,  (anat.)  dura  mater,  lining  mem- 
brane of  the  skull.  Aff.  -otto  dim. 

Diittil-e  (L.);    ductile.      *  flexible, 
slender.     Aff.  -ita. 

Duumvir-ale,  -ato,  -o ;  as  E. 


E/  but  in//,  sometimes  m.  It  has 
two  pronunciations,  open,  something 
like  the  vowel  in  E.  bread,  and  close, 
something  like  that  in  "braid,"  which 
are  distinguished  in  this  dictionary  by 
a  grave  and  acute  accent  respectively. 
Abbreviations  :  E.,  est,  Eccellenza, 
Eminenza,  eta,  edile,  emerito.  P.e., 
per  esempio.  E.V.,  era  volgare.  In 
medieval  writings,  E  as  a  number  was 
250,  or  with  a  bar  over  it,  250,000. 

E,  or  before  a  vowel  Ed  (L.  et,  akin 
to  Gr.  «r«);  i.  and.  2.  E...  e...,  both... 
and....  3.  pleonastically,  Tutt'  e  sei, 
all  six.  4.  =  Ecco;  Com'  io  tenea  levate 
in  lor  le  ciglia,  ed  un  serpente  con  sei 
pie...,  as  I  gazed  at  them,  lo!  a  six- 
footed  reptile.. .,D.  Inf.  25.  49. 

E' ;  i.  for  Egli;  EJ  si  dice,  it  is  said. 

2.  for  Egli  in  sense  of  Loro  ;  EJ  volevano 
che    rinunziassi    a7    miei    diritti,    they 
wished    me    to    renounce    my    rights. 

3.  for  Eo  the  old  form  of  Io;  E'  ti  dico 
che  e  fatta  male,  I  tell  you  it  is  a  bad 
job.     4.  pop.  for  I ;    E'  signori  non  le 
vedono  le  nostre  miserie,  the  rich  do 
not  see  the  misery  in  which  we  live. 

*E;  at.  Discese  e  Zebalterra,  he  landed  at 
Gibraltar. 

Eaco  m.\  Aeacus. 

Ebanista  #/. ;  cabinet-maker. 

£bano  m.  (L.  ebenus^  <  Gr.  tfkvos, 
<  Hebr.  hovnim  pi.,  ebony  wood)  ; 
(dot.}  i.  ebony  tree,  Diospyros,  or  its 
heart  wood.  2.  —  falso,  =  Citiso,  la- 
burnum. 

Ebbene;  well  then,  well. 

Ebbi ;  $erf.  of  Avere. 

Ebbio  (Ebolo,  Ebulo)  »/.  (L.  ebulus);  dane- 
wort  or  ground  elder,  Sambitcus  ebulus,  also  termed 
Nibbio,  Sambuco  erbaceo,  Sambuco  salvatico. 

Ebbr-o;  drunk,  v.  Ubriaco.     Aff.  -6zza. 

Ebdomadario;  v.  Eddomadario. 

*  Ebe  ;  v.  Ebere. 
•Ebenoo^/. ;  of  ebony. 

*  Ebere   (I,,    nebere);    defective   verb   occurring 
only    in    yd    sing.  pres.    Ebe,    is    blunt    or    dull, 
languishes. 

ibet-e  (L.  hebes] ;  feeble-minded. 
Aff.  -aggine,  -ismo. 

*  Eboll ire  ;  to  boil  over. 

Ebollizione  /  ;   i.   ebullition,     a.   (iv/.)=Ri- 
scaldamento,  a  form  of  skin  eruption  in  horses. 
Ebolo ;  v.  Ebbio. 


Ebraicamente;  T.  in  Hebrew.  2.  — Giudaica- 
mente,  with  a  Hebrew-like  attention  to  Hteralness. 

Ebrai-cista  in.;  Hebrew  scholar,  -co;  He- 
brew. 

Ebraismow.;  i.—Giudaismo,  Judaism.  2.  He- 
braism in  language.  Aff.  Ebraiizare. 

Ebrea/;  Jewess. 

Ebrein-o  m.,  -a  f.;  vezz,  of  Ebre-o,  -a. 

Ebre-o  sb.  or  adj.;  i.  Jew,  Hebrew,  a.  At 
cards,  scherz.  In  questo  posto  c'  e  morto  un  — ,  ///. 
this  is  a  seat  where  a  Jew  died,  said  when  a  player 
is  having  bad  luck.  3.  Prov,  Confondere  gli  -i  coi 
Samaritan!,  i.e.  to  confuse  things  which  are  very 
different. 

*  Ebriare  ;  =  Ubbriacarsi,  to  get  drunk. 
*Ebrifestoso  ;  =  Ebbro  di  feste,   festevolmente 

briaco. 

*Ebrioso;  inclined  to  drink. 

*  Ebulo;  v.  Ebbio. 

Eblirneo  adj.  (L.,  v.  Avorio);  ivory. 

Ecate/;  (myth.)  Hecate. 

Ecat6mbe  f.  (L.,<Gr.  cxaToc,  a  hundred, 
POVS.OX);  hecatomb. 

Ecatdmmiti  m.  pi.  (Gr.);  book  of  a  hundred 
stories,  esf.  those  of  Giraldi. 

Ecatostilo  (Gr);  with  a  hundred  columns. 
*Eccecare  ;  =  Accecare,  to  blind. 

Eccedente,  asf£.  m.;  excess. 

Ecced-ere/ter/:  -ei,  part,  -uto  (L.);  to  exceed. 
Aff.  -entemente,  -enza. 

Ecce  homo  or  Ecceomo  m.;  painting  of  Christ 
with  the  crown  of  thorns.  Pare  un  — ,  i.e.  he  looks 
very  wretched. 

Eccell-ente,  -entemente,  -enza;  as  E. 

Eccellere;  used  only  in  in/in,  and  3rd  sing. 
pres.,  to  excel. 

Etym.  L.  excellere,<ex-,  very,  **cellere,  to 
rise,  as  in  ante~ctlleret  grae-cellere,  cogn.  cottis,  hill, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Excel,  Hill. 

Eccels-o  (L.);  lofty.     Aff.  -amdnte. 


Eccentric-am^nte,  -iti,_-o;  as  E. 
Eccess-o  /«.;  exc 
Eccetera,  or  shorl 


Eccess-o  /«.;  excess.     Aff.  -ivam^nte,  -ivo. 
ortened,  Ecc.;  etcetera. 


Ecc6tt-0 ;  except.  Aff.  -uabile,  -uare, 
-uativo,  Eccezionale. 

Eccezi6n-e/;   i.  exception.     2.  — 
perentoria,  demurrer.     Aff.  -cella  dim. 

EccMmosi  /  (Gr.  «K,  x^M^i  Ju»ce) ; 
bruise. 

Eccidio  ///.  (L.  excidium) ;  slaughter. 

Eccit-abile,  -abilita,  -arnento,  -are,  -ativo, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -azi6ne;  excitable,  etc. 

Ecclesiaste  ;«.;  i.  as  E.     2.  title  assumed  by 
Luther  when  attacking  the  Catholic  episcopate. 

Ecclesiastic-o;  as  E.    Aft  -amente. 

Eccliss-i  or  -e,  Ecliss-i  or  -e,  m.  or /.  (I.., 
<Gr.,<e«,  out,  Aei'n-w,  to  leave);  eclipse.     Aff.  -are. 

Ecco  (A);  Eccocj,  here  we  are !    So,  Ecco-mi, 
•ti,  -lo. 

Etym.     L.  eccum  for  eccft<ec  for  ed,  and  -cet 
where  ed  is  the  neuter  of  em  (eitm),  representing  the 
accusative  of  the  Indogermamcf/,  and  ce\*a.  particle 
meaning  "  here. 
*(B)=Eco,  echo. 

Ecforay;  (Gr.);  =  Aggetto,  projection. 


Echeggiare  ind.  echdggio  (It.  eco); 
to  echo. 

Echeo  m.  (Gr.  T7X«to^);  a  sort  of  sounding- 
board,  but  made  of  brass,  in  the  ancient  theatres. 

Echinato ;  (hot.)  covered  with  prickles,  echinate. 

Echineide  f. ;  i.  —  degli  antichi,  greater 
sucking-fish,  Echeneis  naucrates,  .  2.  —  remora, 
sucking-fish,  Echeneis  remora^  locally  termed  Pesce 
pegola,  Sussapega,  Ampiscica. 

Echino  m.  (Gr.  C^IPO?,  hedgehog);  i.  sea- 
urchin,  Echinus.  2.  (arch.)  ovolo,  the  projecting 
moulding  supporting  the  abacus  of  a  capital. 

Echinodermi  rn.pl.;  a  class  of  radiated  marine 
animals  (holothurians,  star-fishes,  etc.). 

Echin6metra  m.  \  i.q.  Echino  (i). 

Echinopo  m. ;  (hot.)  globe-thistle,  Echinops. 

Echio  nt,  (Gr.  exts»  viper,  from  the  spots  on 
the  stem);  (tot.)  bugloss,  Echium. 

Echltey".  (Gr.  e^ts,  viper);  (/«/«.)  serpentine. 

Ecidio  m.\  (bot.)  a  genus  of  blight-fungus. 

Exla/I;  Mount  Hecla,  in  Iceland. 

Eclamsia_/T  (Gr.);  (nied.)  convulsions. 
*Eclemma  m.  (Gr.  CK,  Aet'^w,  to  lick);  lozenge. 

Eclettic-o  (Gr,) ;  eclectic.    Aff.  -amente,  -ismo. 

Eclisse;  v.  Ecclisse. 

Eclittica  f. ;  ecliptic.  The  term  is  from  the 
fact  that  eclipses  occur  when  the  new  moon  or  full 
moon  is  in  the  plane  of  the  ecliptic. 

Eclizia_/C;  =  Clizia,  sunflower. 

Ecnena  f.  (Gr.  «K,  i/l4>of ,  cloud) ;  waterspout. 

^co  m.  or  f.  (Gr.  ^vw,  cp.  %x°*>  *IX*i>  a  ringing 
noise);  i.  echo.  2.  name  for  verses  where  the  final 
syllables  of  each  verse  make  words  which  answer  a 
question  contained  in  the  line,  as :  Che  fai  tu,  Eco, 
mentre  io  ti  chiamo?  Amo.  Ami  tu  duo,  oppur  un 
solo?  Un  solo.  Ed  io  te  sola,  e  non  altri,  amo. 
A  Itri  amo. 

Ecdnom-a/r,  -ale  adj.;  v.  Economo. 

Economato  m.;  i.  stewardship.  2.  adminis- 
tration of  church  property. 

Economia/.;  i.  as  E.     2.  =  Economato. 

Econdmic-o ;  i.  economic.  2.  economical. 
3-  (£#"•)  Processo  — ,  or  in  via  -a,  irregular  trial, 
where  the  motives  for  acquittal  or  conviction  are 
political.  Aff.  -amente. 

Econom-ista  ;//.,  -izzare;  as  E. 

Ectmomo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  O?KO?, 
house,  vf'^a>,  to  deal  out);  i.  steward, 
manager.  2.  —  generate,  superinten- 
dent of  church  property.  3.  —  spirituale, 
curate  in  charge  during  a  vacancy. 
4,  as  rt^?.,  =  Economico,  economical. 

Ecubay. ;  Hecuba,  the  wife  of  Priam. 

Eculeo  m.  (L.  equuleus] ;  wooden 
horse,  used  as  an  instrument  of  torture. 

Ecum6nic-o  (L.,  <  Gr.  OUCOV/UPJ;,  the 
inhabited  world);  as  E.  Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Eczem-a,  -at6so  ;  as  E. 
Ed ;  v.  E. 

Ed£ce  (L.);  devouring. 

EddajC:  a  Teutonic  word,  meaning  "great- 
grandmother,"  resuscitated  by  Briniulph,  a  Swedish 
bishop,  in  1643,  to  denote  the  Icelandic  sagas  of 

28—2 


220 


EDDOMADARIO— ELETTUARIO 


Scandinavian  mythology;  there  are  two  Eddas,  the 
elder,  roth  century,  and  the  younger  or  prose  Edda, 
by  Snorri  Sturluson,  about  1230. 

Eddomada-rio  or  Ebdomadario  (L., 
<Gr.  e£do/idr,  a  week);  i.  hebdomadal, 
weekly.  2.  as  sb.^  priest  on  duty  for  a 
week. 

Edelvais  m.  (Germ.);  (hot.)  edelweiss,  Leonto- 
Podium. 

£demawz.(Gr.);  (surg.)  oedema,  puffy  swelling. 

Edemat-ico;  suffering  from  oedema.  -6so  ; 
as  E. 

feder-a/  (L.  kedera);   (bat.)  i.  =  Ellera,  ivy. 

2.  —   terrestre,   ground-ivy,   Glechonta   hederacea. 

3.  —  del  Canada,  Canadian  moonseed,  Menispermum 
Canadense.     Aff.  -aceo.  -<5so. 

Ederella/.;  (bot.)  field  speedwell,  Veronica 
arvensis. 

Edicola  f.  (L.,  <  aedes,  temple) ; 
I.  little  chapel.  2.  shrine.  3.  structure 
for  sheltering  a  statue.  4.  kiosk. 

Edific-are  ind.  edifico  -hi;  i.  to  build.  2.  to 
edify.  Aff,  -am6nto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -at6rio,  -azidne, 
•io  or  Edifizio. 

Etym.  "L.,<aedes,  house,  facio.  Aedes  was 
orig,  the  hearth,  cogn.  Gr.  aidcu,  to  burn,  -v.  Estate. 

Edil-e  (L.,<a£rfes,  orig.  officer  who  super- 
intended the  construction  of  public  buildings ;  for 
etym,  of  aedes,  v.  supra,  Edificare);  aedile.  Aff. 
-ita  aedjleship,  -izio  adj. 

*Edima/;;  week,  v.  Eddomadario. 

6dipow.;  Oedipus. 

Edisaro  m.  (Gr.  rjSus,  sweet,  apos,  help);  (bot.) 
the  so-called  French  honeysuckle,  Hedysarum  core- 
narium. 

*Editimo;  i.q.  Edituo. 

fedito  (L.  editus,  part,  of  edere,<e,  out,  dare, 
to  give);  issued. 

Edi-t6re  m.;  i.  editor.  2.  publisher.  3.  *  giver 
of  games  in  ancient  Rome.  Aff.  -trice  f. 

Editto  in.  (L.  edict  um)  ;  edict. 

*  Edituo  m.  (lJ.,<aeares,  tueri);  temple-warden 
in  ancient  Rome. 

Edizi6n-e./  (L.,  v.  Edito);  as  E.  Aff.  -accia 
Pegg.,  -cella  dim.,  -cma  dim.  vezz. 

*  Edomadario  ;  v.  Eddomadario. 

Ed6tto  (L.  edoctus,  part,  of  edoceo) ;  Rendere 
— ,  to  inform. 

*Edra;  v.  Edera. 

Edred6ne  ;«.;  i.  =  Eider,  eider-duck.  2.  — 
elegante,  =  Re  degli  eider,  king  duck. 

Educanda  /.;  girl  at  a  convent-school. 
Educ-are  (L.,<e,   oivt,    duco^  to  bring);   as 
E.     Aff.  -ativo,  -at<5re,  -atrice,  -atorio  girls'  school, 
-azione. 

*Educere  or  Edurre;  to  lead  forth. 
*Edulio   m.  (\J.)<ednli$,    eatable)  ;=  Com  pan - 
atico. 

Edvige  or  Eduvige  f. ;  Hedwig  (Christian 
name). 

*Ee;  i.  =  Ei,  he.     ii.=e,  is,  D.  Purg.  32.  io. 

*  Efebeo  m. ;  gymnasium. 

*Efeb-iato  nt.\  puberty,     -o  in.  (Gr.);  youth. 

EfedrayC;  (bot.)  sea-grape,  Ephedra  distycha, 
a  plant  resembling  horse-tail. 

Efelidi  f.  pi.  (Gr.,<eirt,  ^Aos,  stud,  hence 
marks  which  stud  the  face);  i.  freckles.  2.  \Tksing.t 
sun-bum. 

Efemerina^C;  (bot.)  spider-wort,  Tradescantia 
virginica. 

Kfes-o  m. ;  Ephesus.     Aff.  -mo  or  -io  adj. 
*Effabile;  speakable. 

*  Effato  m. ;  old  saying. 

Effe/;  the  letter  F.     Citta  dell1  effe,  Florence. 

Effemeridey^;  i.  scientific  journal.  2.  ephem- 
eris,  astronomical  almanack. 

Effemmin-are  ind.  eff^mmino  (L.,<e,  very, 
fetnina,  woman) ;  to  make  effeminate.  Aff.  -ata- 
nicnte,  -atezza,  -ato,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Effendi  tit.  (Turkish,  <  modern  Gr.  ou/teVTijs,  < 
Gr.  avfleV-njs,  self-dependent);  sir,  master. 

Efferat-o  (Afferato)  (L.,<£  very, 
ferus  wild,  v.  Fiero) ;  barbarous,  cruel, 
Aff.  -atame'nte,  -e*zza. 

Effervescen-te,  -za;  as  E. 

Effettaccio  m.\  i.  fegg.  Effetto.  2.  not  in  bad 
sense,  but  referring  to  an  effect  which  is  striking, 
but  has  no  pretension  to  artistic  technique,  a  rude 
effect. 

Effettiv-0 ;  i.  effective.  2.  real, 
true.  3.  Reitk  -a,  proved  guilt.  4.  -i 
contanti,  cash  down.  5.  with  the  force 
of  an  adv.,  Non  ti  pare  che  sia  tempo 


e  danari  buttati  ?  Effettivo.  Does  it  not 
look  to  you  like  time  and  money  thrown 
away?  Quite.  Pare  effettivo  uno  scim- 
mione,  he  looks  just  like  a  great  monkey. 
As  sb. :  6.  (mil.)  effective  force,  soldiers 
under  arms.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ita. 

Effetto  m.  (L.,<£,  very,  facto,  to 
do);  i.  effect,  in  all  senses.  2.  Non 
fare  — ,  not  to  be  in  harmony,  not  to 
give  a  good  effect;  II  giallo  col  nero 
non  fa  — ,  yellow  and  black  do  not  go 
well  together.  3.  A  — ,  or  All'  ~  di, 
for  the  purpose  of;  All'  —  di  giovarvi 
e  partito  subito  per  Roma.  4.  In  — , 
really  and  truly. 

*i.  =  Affetto.     ii.  =  Esito,  end,  result. 

Aff.  Effett-<5ne  aitgm.t  -uabile,  -uale,  -ualita, 
-ualmente,  -uare  to  accomplish,  -uazione,  -uccio  dim. 

Efficac-e,  -emente,  Efficacia,  Efficien-te, 
-tem£nte,  -za ;  as  E. 

Effig-e  or  -ie_/C  (L.,<e,  a\.\\.,fingere^  to  form); 
effigy.  Aff.  -etta  dim.  vezz.,  -iare  verb. 

Effimera/;  may-fly. 

Effimero(Gr.,<en-i,  Ve'pa,  day);  i.  ephemeral. 
2.  sb.t  (bot.)  —  della  Virginia,  Virginian  spider-wort, 
7'.  Fiore  (16,  xvii). 

*Effingere(L.);  to  depict. 

Efflorescenza./;  as  E. 

Efflusso  m. ;  efflux. 

Effluvio  m. ;  as  E. 

Eff6nd-ere  perf.  effusi  effond^sti, 
part,  effuso  (L.);  to  pour  out.  -ersi  in 
iscuse,  to  pour  out  floods  of  excuses. 

Effrazi6ne/;  (leg.)  house-breaking, 
burglary. 

Effumazi6ne/;  fuming,  exhalation. 

Effusi6n-e  (L.);  as  E.    Aff.  -cella,  dim. 

Effuso;  part.  Effbndere. 

ETod  m.  (Hebr.  ephodt  a  vestment);  ephod. 

^foro  m.  (Gr.);  ephor,  magistrate  at  Sparta. 

fegadi  f.  pl.\  the  Aegades  islands. 

Egagro  m.\  Persian  wild  goat. 

Egagr6pile  m.  (Gr.);  concretion  of  hair  found 
in  the  stomach  of  ruminants. 

Egemon-ia^/  (Gr.);  i.  hegemony.  2.  in  pi., 
Arcadian  festival  in  honour  of  Diana.  Aff.  -ico. 

Egemdnio;  a  title  of  Mercury  as  conductor  of 
souls. 

*  Egeno  or  *  Egente  (L.) ;  needy. 
*EgestayC;  need. 

Egesti6ne/  (L.);  as  E. 

fegida/  (Gr.);  aegis,  orig.  the  shield  given  by 
Zeus  to  Pallas. 

Egilope  _f.  (Gr.  aiytAaji^/);  i.  lachrymal  fistula. 
2.  (bot.)  a  genus  of  grasses  allied  to  wheat,  Aegitops. 

Egipane  m.\  (myth,)  the  goat-footed  Pan. 

Egira  f.  (Arabic  hijrak,  flight) ;  hegira,  the 
flight  of  Mahomet  from  Mecca  in  622. 

Egitto  m. ;  Egypt.  Cose  d'  — ,  wonderful 
things. 

Egiziaco  ;  Egyptian.   As  sb.,  a  kind  of  ointment. 

Egizi-ano  or  -o  ;  Egyptian. 

6gli  (L.  tile);  he,  or  it. 

Eglino,  //.  of  EgH,  but  not  now  often  used, 
being  replaced  by  Essi  or  Loro,  or  by  EgU  itself 
used  as  pi.  The  -no  of  Eglino  is  considered  by 
Zambaldi  to  be  adapted  from  the  -no  which  terminates 
the  third  person  plural  of  verbs. 

feglogay:(L.,<Gr.  exXoyij,  selection);  eclogue, 
pastoral  poem. 

Egocero  m.  (Gr.  <xZ£,  goat,  Kepo.?,  horn,  from 
its  horned  berries);  (&?/.)=  Fiengreco,  fenugreek. 
*Egocerote  m. ;  (astron.)  Capricornus. 

Ego-ismo,  -ista,  -istaccio  pegg.,  -istica- 
m^nte,  -istico;  as  E. 

Egopbdio  m.  \  (bol,)  gout-weed,  Aegopcdium, 
also  termed  Gerardina. 

Egotismo  m.\  as  E. 

*  Egramente  (L.  aeger)\  reluctantly. 
Egregi-o  (L.,<e,  out,  grex>  herd);    famous. 

Aff.  -amente. 

Egresso  m.  (L.)  ;  egress. 
Egr6ttay!;=Sgarza,  great  white  heron. 

*  Egro  (L.) ;  i.  ill,  weak.     ii.  sad. 
Eguagliare,  Eguale,  ecc.;   i.q*  Uguagliare, 

Uguale,  ecc.,  to  be  equal,  etc. 

Egumeno  or  Igumeno  m. ;  superior  of  a  Greek 
monastery. 

Ehm  ! ;  interj.  ahem  ! 

Ei ;  contr.  for  EgU  or  EgHno,  he,  they. 


Eiacul-atore,  -atdrio  (L.);  (anat.)  ejacula- 
tory. 

Eiaculazi6ne  f.\  squirting  out. 
*Eibo!;  =  Oibo!  fie! 

Eidelberga  ;  Heidelberg,  in  Germany. 

Eider  m. ;  eider-duck,  Somateria  mollissima, 
also  termed  Anatra  del  piumino,  Edredone. 

Eiettore  m. ;  ejector  (of  a  steam-engine). 

Eisteria./!;  (bot.)  partridge-wood,  a  West  Indian 
tree,  Heisteria. 

*Eiulare;  to  howl. 

*E1   (contr.   of  Ello,<L.  ille);    i.    he,  him,   it. 
ii.  =  11,  the.    iii.  =  Nel,  in  the. 

Elabor-are  ind.  elaboro  (L.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-ate'zza,  -azione. 

Elabro  m.;  (bot.)  —  nero,  blackflowered  helle- 
bore, Veratmtm  nigrttm. 

Elafobosco  m. ;  (bot.)  broad-leaved  hog's  fennel, 
Pencedanum  ostrutJiium, 

Elaide  f.  (Gr.  cAcu'o,  olive-tree) ;  oil-palm, 
Elaeis  guineensis. 

Elaidinay^;  palm-oil. 

Elarnidey^;  South  African  jerboa,  ffelamis. 

Elano?«.;  black-winged  swallow-hawk,  Elanus 
inelanopterits. 

felape_/C;  coral-snake,  Elaps. 

Elarg-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.);  to  give  liberally. 
Aff.  -izione. 

Elarto  m.;  a  genus  of  bears,  Helarctos. 

Elastic-am6nte,  -ita,  -o;  as  E.  (Gr.  eAavvw, 
to  drive,  eAaorTJs,  driver). 

Elateria/i;  the  snap  genus  of  beetles. 

Elaterio  ;«. ;  i.  elastic  force.  2.  (fo£) squirting 
cucumber,  Elaterinm,  or  its  juice. 

Elatma/".  (Gr.  eAdnj,  pine);  extract  of  tar-oil. 
*  Elato  ;  i.  elated,     ii.  proud. 

6lba./;  i.  the  island  of  Elba.   2.  the  river  Elbe. 

filce  m.  (Elice  m.  or  f.,  Elcina  f.) ; 
=  Leccio,  ilex. 

Eldorad-o  m.  (Span.);  as  E.    Aff.  -ico. 

Eleagno  m. ;  (bot.)  Bohemian  oleaster,  Elaeag- 
nus  angustifolia,  also  termed  UHvastrello. 

Eleddne  f,  (Gr.  eAeficorij) ;  a  species  of  octopus, 
locally  termed  Folpo,  Moscardino. 

Elefant-e  m.  (L.,<Gr.  eAe'<£a?,  supposed  to 
be  of  Semitic  origin) ;  elephant.  —  di  mare,  sea- 
elephant,  Macrorhinns  proboscideus,  the  largest  of 
the  seal  family.  Aff.  -6sco  adj.,  -6ssa  f.,  -iasi  a 
tropical  disease,  -ino  as  E. 

Elegan-te,  -temente,  -za ;  as  E.  -zuccia 
dint,  spreg.  of  -za  (L.,O,  and  the  base  of  legere,  to 
choose). 

Elegg-ere  ind.  eleggo  eleggi,  Perf,  elessi 
elegg^sti,  part,  eletto  (L.  eligere,  <  e,  legere,  to 
choose);  to  elect.  Aff.  -ibile,  -ibilita. 

Elegi-ay;  (L.,<Gr.  eAe-yei'o);  elegy.  Aff.  -aco 
adj. 

Elegiambo  m. ;  verse  half  elegiac  and  half 
iambic,  as  Impiger  ipse  vent:  canam  relictus. 

Elegi-6tta  dim.,  -uccia  or  -uzza  dim.  spreg. 
of -a. 

EleJson  or  Eleisdnne ;  the  prayer,  Kupie 
eAajo-of,  of  the  Litany. 

*Elembicco  ;«. ; -=  Lambicco,  alembic. 

Element-are  adj.,  -arm^nte,  -o ;  as  E. 
(L.,  perhaps  <  L  M  N,  the  letters  which  in  an 
arrangement  of  the  old  Latin  alphabet  of  twenty 
letters  in  two  rows,  would  begin  the  second  row,  so 
that  element  um  would  be  a  sort  of  A  B  C). 

Elemi  in.  (Spanish  word);  a  fragrant  resin. 

Elemdsina _X;  =  Limosina,  alms. 

El&nco  m.  (bit.,  <  Gr.  €\cyXos) ; 
i.  catalogue.  2.  detection  of  a  con- 
tradiction in  an  opponent's  argument. 

Elenio  m.\  (bot.)—  Enula,  elecampane. 

Elentico  ;  confuting. 

Eleo;  of  Elis,  nsu.  in  reference  to  the  Olympic 
games. 

Elena/I;  i.  select  body  of  persons.  2.  selec- 
tion, i.e.  select  collection,  e.g.  of  phrases.  3.  in 
duelling,  choice  of  weapons. 

Elettam£nte ;  carefully,  with  well-chosen 
phrases. 

Elettiv-o;  elective.     Aff.  -amente. 

Elettor-ale,  -ato,  -e;  electoral,  etc. 

Elettr-icamente,  -icismo  or  -icita,  -ico, 
-izzare  ?*£.,  -izzazi6ne ;  electrically,  etc.  (L. 
electrjim,<Gr.  TJAe/erpof,  amber,  the  body  in  which 
electricity  was  first  observed). 

Elettrice^;  woman  elector. 
*Elettro  m.   (L.,  <  Gr.   ^AeitTpof,   amber,   also 
shining   metal,    cp.  ^Ae'icTtop,   gleaming);    1.    amber, 
ii.    gold  alloyed  with  silver. 

"Elettro-;  in  many  compounds  as  in  E.,  e.g. 
-calamita  electro-magnet,  -di  electrodes,  -list  electro- 
lysis. 

Elettuario  or  Elettovario  m.  (bit.  electua- 
riutrt,<Gr.  e^Aeixw,  to  lick  up);  a  composition  of 
medicinal  powders  with  honey  or  sugar. 


ELEUSINE— EMERGENTE 


221 


Eleusine  f.  //.;  (pot.)  a  genus  of  subtropical 
grasses. 

Elev-are  ind.  elevo  (L.,O,  lavtre,  v.  Lieve); 
to  raise.  Aff.  -atamente,  -at6zza,  -atdre,  -azione. 

Elezidney:  (L.);  election.  Vas  d'  — ,  D.  Inf. 
2.  28,  the  Chosen  Vessel,  i.e.  St  Paul. 

Eliaco(Gn);  (star)  emerging  from  the  light  of 
the  sun  or  passing  into  it,  heliacal. 

Eliantemo  m.\  (hot.)  rock-rose,  v.  Erba  (13). 

Elianto  /«.;  (&?/.)  =  GirasoIe,  sunflower. 

Eliasti  m.  pl.\  judges  in  ancient  Athens. 

Eliattino  m. ;  a  genus  of  humming-birds, 
Heliactiniis. 

Elice,  Elica/  (L.,<Gr.  «X«|,  <etX<a, 
to  twist);  i.  spiral  curve,  helix;  Scala 
a  — ,  winding  stairs.  2.  (anat.)  helix, 
rim  of  the  external  ear.  3.  a  genus  of 
snails,  Helix.  4.  (astr.)  the  Great  Bear, 
usu.  Orsa  maggiore.  5.  screw  of  a 
steamer. 

Elice  m.  or/  ;  =  Elce,  ilex. 

*  Elicere  defect,  vb.;  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Elicit), 
occurring  only  in  3rd  sing.  fres.  elice,  draws  out. 

Eliceto  m. ;  ~  Lecceto,  ilex-grove. 

Eliciniay:;  slime  of  snails. 
•Elico  adj.;  v.  Elice  (i). 
El icdcera/;  a  genusof  ammonites,  Helicoceras. 

Ehcdide/;  i.  parabolic  spiral,  traced  by  a 
point  moving  in  a  parabola  whilst  the  parabola  itself 
revolves  in  its  own  plane,  so  that  its  axis  always 
touches  a  fixed  circle.  2.  helicoidal  surface,  traced 
by  a  straight  line  which  moves  so  that  it  always 
touches  a  fixed  helix. 

Elicdna  m. ;  i.  Mount  Helicon,  sacred  to 
Apollo  and  the  Muses.  2.  fig.  poetry. 

Elicdnia/;  r.  Boeotia.  2.  in  pi.,  festival  to 
the  Muses. 

Elicr-isio  or  -iso  ;».;  (&i/.)=Perpetuini  gialli, 
yellow  everlasting. 

Elidere  ferf.  eliji  or  elidei  elidesti  elise  or 
ehde.part.  eliso  (L.,O,  laedere,  to  dash);  to  elide. 

Eligibile;  i.q.  Eleggibile. 

Eligio  m.;  (Arf.)=  Bucca  di  ciuco,  field  eryngo. 

Elimin-are  ind.  elimino,  -azidne  (L.,<e 
lunen,  door) ;  as  E. 

EIim6sina;  v.  Elemosina. 

Eliocentrico;  heliocentric,  referred  to  the  sun 
as  centre. 

Eliofobia/.  (Gr.);  (med.)  intolerance  of  light. 

Eli6-metro  m. ;  instrument  for  measuring  the 
apparent  diameters  of  the  sun  and  planets 

*  Elios;    for  Eli,  Hebrew  for  God,  D.  Par.   14 
96;   the  form  may  be  taken  from  Gr.  ViiAioi,  sun. 

Elioscdpio  m.;  telescope  with  darkened  glass 

Eliostataw. ;  heliostat. 

Eliotipia/;  a  process  of  photography. 

Eliotropic <m.  (Elitropia/:)  (Gr.  $AW,  Tp.Vu); 
i.  (.for.)  (a)  cherry-pie,  heliotrope,  Heliotropium 
Peruvianum,  also  termed  Vaimglia  de'  giardini. 
))  77.  minore  =  I-acca  mufta,  dyers'  litmus-plant. 
U)=<--irasoIe,  sunflower.  2.  =Diaspro  oricntale,  a 
stone  supposed  to  make  its  bearer  invisible. 

Elisabetta;  La  visita  di  S.  — ,  i.e.  very  long 

Eliseo;  Elisha. 

Elisio;  =  EIiso,  Elysian. 

Elisidne/;  elision. 

Elis-lr,  -ire  or  -Irre  m.  (Arabic 
eliksir,  the  essence,  where  el  is  the 
Arab  article  and  iksir  is  perhaps  bor- 
rowed from  late  Gr.  gripiov,  desiccative 
powder  for  wounds,  <  fypw,  dry) ;  elixir, 
a  sweetened  and  medicated  spirituous 
drink,  or  tincture. 

•Elisirvite  m.;  i.  elixir  of  life.  ii.  fir.  per- 
fection. 

Eliso  (A)  m.;  Elysium.  (B)  fart,  of  elidere 
used  as  adj. 

Elitre  /.  pi.  (Gr.  i\inpor,  covering,  <  i\via.  to 
roll  round);  wing-cases  of  beetles,  elytra. 

•Elizio  m.;  (iW.)=Cocomero  selvalico.  Elate- 
rtum. 

Ella  (A) ;  /  of  Egli,  she.  In  polite 
conversation  it  is  used  in  the  sense  of 
"you,"  in  which  case  it  stands  for 
Vossignoria,  your  lordship,  or  ladyship, 
but  in  either  case,  Signoria  being  f., 
the  f.  pronoun  is  employed. 

(B) ;  =  Enula,  elecampane. 

Elle  /;  the  letter  L.  Proa.  Elle  e  Ic,  or  Enne 
e  ne,  Apponetevi  quel  che  gli  c,  an  expression  used 
when  a  person  is  not  speaking  plainly.  •=  Ella. 


Elleborina  /;  (tot.)  i.  extract  of  hellebore. 
2.  helleborine,  Epipactis. 

Elleboro  m.  (L.,<Gr.  «Me'/3opos);  (tot.)  i.  — 
fetido,  stinking  hellebore,  v.  Erba  (87).  2.  —  nero, 
black  hellebore,  or  Christmas-rose,  v.  Erba  (86). 

Ellen-ico,  -ismo,  -ista;  Hellenic,  etc. 

Ellenistico ;  Greco  — ,  Hellenistic,  i.e.  Alex- 
andrian, Greek. 

Ellera/ ;  var.  of  Edera,  ivy. 

Ellesp6nto  m.;  the  Hellespont,  now  the  Dar- 
danelles. 

Ellfsse/  (L.,  <Gr.  f\\ft\jns,  defect, 
because  the  plane  of  the  ellipse  forms 
a  less  angle  with  the  base  of  the  cone 
than  that  of  the  parabola) ;  ellipse. 

Ellissiy:  (var.  of  Ellisse);  ellipsis,  a  figure  of 
syntax  by  which  words  are  left  out  and  implied. 

Ellissdide/;  ellipsoid. 

Ellittic-o;  i.  v.  Ellisse.  2.  v.  Ellissi.  Aff. 
•amente. 

Ellope,  felope  m.  (L.  helops) ;  i.  a  genus  of 
fishes  of  the  herring  family.  2.  a  genus  of  beetles. 

Elmdtto  m,;  dim.  Elmo.  It  was  without  visor 
or  throat-piece. 

Elminti  m.  pi.  (Gr.  cAput,  tape.worm,<»;Au, 
to  wriggle) ;  intestinal  worms. 

Elmo  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  helm,  < 
Teutonic  **helan,  to  cover,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Helm,  Hell);  helmet. 

(B) ;  Fuoco  di  S.  Elmo  (Ermo),  St  Elmo's  fire, 
an  electric  discharge  sometimes  seen  at  the  top  of  a 
mast.  The  name  is  supposed  to  be  a  contraction  of 
Erasmo  who  was  martyred  under  Diocletian  in  303 
and  whose  body  was  transported  to  Gaeta  in  842. 

Elocu-tdrio;  elocutionary,     -zidne*  as  E 

Eldgio  m.  (L.,<Gr.  «vAoytoi>);  eulogy. 

Aff.  Elog-etto  dim.,  -iare  vt.,  -iatdre,  -ista 
-istico,  -mccio  dim. 

Eloimi  (Hebrew  word);  i.  God.  2.  false  gods. 
3.  angels. 

Eloisa/;  Hdoise. 

Elongazidne/;  (astr.)  angular  distance  of  a 
planet  from  the  sun.  'excess  of  the  motion  of  one 
planet  over  that  of  another. 

Elonia  /;  (oat.)  ffelonias,  a  N.  American 
genus  of  herbs. 

Elope;  v.  Ellope. 

Eloqu4n-te,  -teminte,  -za;  as  E. 

Eldquio  m.  (L.);  mode  of  speech. 

Elsa  /  (Else,  EIso  m.)  (O.H.G. 
helza);  hilt.  It  is  properly  the  cross- 
piece  or  guard  of  a  sword-handle,  not 
the  handle,  and  is  not  cognate  with 
Germ,  halten  or  E.  hold. 


Elsine/;  (bot.)  =  Parietaria,  pellitorv. 
*  Elso  ;  v.  Elsa. 

Elucubr-are  ind.  elucubro  (Lucubrare)  (L.,< 
••  lucitbrum,<lux,  with  instrumental  suffix,  v.  supra 
-bro,  in  loco) ;  to  work  out.  Aff.  -azidne. 

Eludcre  per/,  elusi  or  eludei  eludesti  eluse  or 
elude  sometimes  eludette,  fart,  eluso  (L.);  as  E. 
Elv-etico  or  -ezio  (L.  Helvetica*);  Swiss. 
•Elza;  var.  of  Elsa,  hilt. 

Elzev-ir  m.,  -iro  or  -iriano  adj. ;  from  the 
celebrated  Dutch  printers  of  this  name,  1502 — 1681. 

Emaci-am£nto,  -are,  -azidne;  as  E.  Etym. 
L.,<«*,  very,  ntacer,  thin,  v,  Magro. 

Emanare  ind.  emano  (L.,<c,  manure,  to  flow, 
akin  to  madere,  to  drip,  perhaps  through  "madnare 
root  mad,  wet) ;  as  E. 

Emanat-iimowi.;  i.  the  philosophical  doctrine 
of  the  origination  of  the  universe  as  an  outflowing 
from  rather  than  a  creation  by  God.     2.    Newton's 
corpuscular  theory  of  light.     Aff.  -ista,  -istico 
Emanazidne/;  as  E. 

Emancip-are  ind.  emdncipo,  -atdre,  -atrice 
-azidne;  as  E.  (\..,<e,  out,  mancefs,  transferrer' 
v.  Sk<-.it,  sub  Emancipate). 

Emanto  m.;  (bat.)  Cape  tulip,  Haemant/ius, 
also  termed  Narciso  sanguineo. 

Emateina/;  haematein,  an  extract  from  loir- 
wood. 

Ematina  /;  haematin,  a  colouring-matter  in 
blood. 

Ematit-e  or  -a  (Amatita)/;  haematite  ore. 
Ematdpo    m. ;  =  Beccaccia    di    mare,    oyster- 
catcher. 

Ematdii/;  haematosis,  aeration  of  the  blood. 
Ematuna/;  haematuria,  bloody  urine. 
Emaus  ;  Va'  in  —  !  =  Go  to  Jericho  I 
Emberiza  /  (naturalists'  L,  perhaps  coined 
from    L.    oryza,    rice);    reed-bunting    and    its   con- 
geners. 


Emblem-a,  -aticaminte,  -atico;  as  E.  (L., 
<Gr.  epfikriiia,  a  thing  put  on,  an  ornament,<«i', 
^oAAw,  to  throw,  v.  Balistica.) 

*  Emblici  m.  pi.;  a  species  of  mirohalan  plum. 

Embolismo  (Cembolismo)  m.  (L.,<Gr.  t^^cJ- 
Aio-jwo«,  an  intercalation  or  insertion  of  days  to  com- 
plete a  period, <^,  /SiAAu,  to  throw,  cp.  <fi/3»Ai), 
insertion);  (me,/.)  as  E.,  v.  Embolo.  'intercalation 
of  a  month  in  the  ancient  calendar  making  thirteen 
months  in  the  year. 

Embolo  m.  (either<L.  embolus,  piston,  or  Gr. 
«/*0oAo5,  stopper);  i.  (med.)  embolus,  clot  lodged  in 
an  artery.  2.  piston.  3.  side-entrance  in  the  old 
Greek  churches. 

*Embriaco;  =  Ubriaco,  drunk. 

£mbric-e  m.  (L.  imbrex,<imber, 
rain-shower ;cp.  Gr.  d(f>p6s,  foam,  Sanskr. 
abfira,  rain-cloud);  i.  roofing-tile,  i.e. 
flat  tile  with  a  raised  margin.  I  n  roofing 
a  building  the  margins  of  every  pair  of 
adjacent  Embrici  are  covered  by  a 
gutter-tile,  Tegolo,  placed  with  its 
convex  side  upwards  so  as  to  make  the 
roof  watertight.  2.  —  a  maschio  e 
femmina,  pantile,  whose  cross-section 
forms  a  double  curve  like  an  S  on  its 
side,  forming  an  Embrice  and  a  Tegolo 
in  one.  3.  —  frate,  tile  raised  up  like 
a  hood  so  as  to  ventilate  the  interior  of 
the  roof.  4.  Cotto  com'  un  — ,  baked 
like  a  tile,  i.e.  desperately  in  love,  or 
completely  drunk.  5.  Scoprire  un  — , 
gli  -i,  to  reveal  secrets.  6.  Non  la 
guardare  in  un  filare  d'  -i,  do  not 
examine  the  thing  too  minutely.  7.  Ci 
corre,  or  Ci  scatta  un  filare  d'  -i  ot 
parecchi  filari  d'  -i,  lit.  a  row  of  tiles 
runs  along  or  starts  up,  i.e.  there  is  a 
vast  difference,  v.  Scattare;  Senti  che 
proposte  mi  fa !  Ci  corre  un  filare  d'  -i 
dalla  mia,  just  hear  what  his  proposals 
are  !  there  is  a  vast  difference  between 
them  and  mine.  8.  pan  or  wooden  tub 
for  washing  a  small  quantity  of  dirty 
linen.  9.  pop.  scherz.  for  Natiche  ;  Gli 
tiro  un  par  di  pedate  negli  -i,  he  gave 
him  a  kick  or  two  on  his  backside. 

Embriciata /. ;  i.  blow  with  a  tile. 
2.  tiled  roof. 

Embri-ogenia,  -ogenico.  -ologia,  -61ogo, 
-onale,  -one,  -6nico,  -otomia;  as  E.  (Gr.  e>- 
Ppvov,  *C«c,  /3puto,  to  swell  out.) 

Embr6cc-a/  (Gr.  tufipoxrj,  fomenta- 
tion, <  eV,  /Spf'^ct),  to  soak) ;  irrigation  of 
a  sore.  Aff.  -are,  -azione. 

*Embuto  m.  ;  =  Imbuto,  funnel. 

Emenda  /. ;  i.  amendment.  2.  in 
schools,  the  master's  translation  of  a 
passage  read  out  to  the  boys  after  they 
have  each  made  their  own.  3.  =Am- 
menda,  amends. 

Emend-are  ind.  emendo  (L.,  <e, 
mendum,  fault,  cp.  Sanskr.  minda,  bodily 
defect,  Irish  meunair,  blemish,  Welsh 
mann,  mark,  mann  geni,  congenital 
mark,  nasvus);  to  amend. 

*i.  to  punish,     ii.  to  make  amends  for. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
•azione. 

Emergente  ;  i.  Anno  — ,  year  from 
which  dates  are  reckoned,  e.g.  the  birth 
of  Christ,  the  Hegira  of  Mahomet. 
2-  (kg-)  Lucro  cessante  e  danno  — , 
profit  changed  into  loss;  Danno  — , 
loss  resulting  from  another  party  not 
fulfilling  his  contract.  3.  a.s.sb.,  unex- 
pected position  of  difficulty,  emergency, 
usu.  Emergenza. 


222 


EMERGENZA— ENTE 


Emergenza./;  ?'.  Emergente  (3). 

Emfcrgere  ind.  emerge  emergi,  per/,  emersi 
emerge'sti  emerse,  part.  emerso(L.,<f,  out,  mergere, 
to  dip);  as  E.  *  trans,  to  emit. 

Emferito(L.);  retired,  honourably  discharged. 
*  Emeritrinay?;  the  red  part  of  blood. 

Emero  m,\  (hot.)  scorpion  senna,  Coronitla 
etnents,  also  termed  Maiella,  Dondolino,  Vetrice 
salvatica. 

Emerdbio  (Gr.) ;  ephemeral,  living  for  one  day. 

Emerocalle  /«.,  or  Emerocalhde  f,\  (hot.) 
day-lily,  Hemerocallis  Jlavct^  also  termed  Giglio 
dorato. 

Emers-itfney;;  emergence,  -o  ;  part.  Emer- 
gere. 

Emetico  (Gr.,<e/i.ei«i,  to  vomit);  as  E. 

Emettere  perf.  emis'i  tfreme"ssi  emettesti  emise 
or  emesse,  part,  emesso  (L. ) ;  to  emit. 

Emiciclo     m.    (Gr.);     i.     (arch.)    hemicycle. 

2.  —  di  Berose,  sundial  of  Berosius  marking  both 
the  time  of  day  and  the  day  of  the  month. 

Emicrdnia/  (Gr.);  migraine,  head- 
ache on  one  side. 

Emigr-are  ind.  emigro  (v.  Migrare).  -azi6ne; 
asE. 

Emina  f. ;  (ckem.)  linetmn,  a  derivative  of 
haemoglobin.  *an  old  measure  of  capacity. 

Emin-ente,  -entemente,  -enza;  as  E.  (L,., 
<t,  tninere,  to  project,  root  men,  cp.  Mento,  Monte). 
'Emiolia  f.  (Gr.,<^u-,  tiAos);  =  Sesquialtera, 
one  and  a  half  times  as  much. 

Emionfte/^;  (bat.)  hart's  tongue  fern,  Scolo- 
Pendrium. 

Emipleg-fa/.  (Gr.  tjptirAijl ia) ;  (ttttd.)  hemi- 
plegia,  paralysis  of  one  side  of  the  body.  Aff.  -ico. 

Emiro  m.  (Arabic  amir,  prince)  ;  Emir,  orig.  a 
title  given  to  the  descendants  of  Mahomet. 

Emisfer-ico,  -io  or  -o,  -bide;  hemispherical, 
etc. 

Emissario  (L.);  Caprp  — ,  scape-goat.  As 
$b.\  i.  emissary,  spy.  2.  emissary,  outlet  of  a  lake. 

3.  (sttrg.)  drain  during  the  healing  of  a  wound. 

4.  travelling  stallion. 

Emiss-i6neyT;  emission,  issue.     Aff.  -ivo. 

Emistichio  ttr.  (I,.,<Gr.,<^ii-,  ort^os,  a  row, 
verse);  hemistich,  half  line  in  poetry. 

Emitrid6a_/C;  semi-tertian  fever. 

Emitteri  m.  //.;  hemiptera,  the  bug  family. 

Emrne  m.  orf.\  the  letter  M. 
*Emodia  /;  setting  the  teeth  on  edge. 

Emoglobfna./;  (cfarn.)  haemoglobin. 
*Emola/;  rival. 

Emolli6nte(L.);  as  E. 

*Emolo  ///.;=Einulo,  rival,     ftiresome   person, 
bore. 

Emolumento  m.  (L.,  <f,  tnolert,  to  grind); 
as  E. 

Emorragia  f.  (Gr.,  <  alpo,  prjywpt) ;  he- 
morrhage. 

Emorrd-ay;  of -o. 

Emorr6idi  /  //.  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  He- 
morrhoids);  piles. 

*  EmorroissayC;  woman  with  an  issue  of  blood. 
Emorrdo  m.  (Gr.);  an  African  snake  the  bite 

of  which  is  stated  to  cause  blood  to  exude  all  over 
the  body. 

Emostatico;  (wed.)  styptic. 

Emottisi  f.\  haemoptysis,  spitting  of  blood. 

Emott6ico  m.\  one  who  spits  blood. 

Emozi6ne  f.  (L.) ;  emotional  excitement. 
The  word  is  regarded  by  T.  and  6.  as  a  useless 
Gallicism.  Tommaseo  writes :  "  L'  it.  pu6  dire, 
Moto,  Movimento,  Commovimento,  Commozione ; 
e,  piu  specialmente  nel  senso  morale  Impressione 
viva,  Aflezione,  Tenerezza,  Turbamento."  Its  use 
does  not  therefore  correspond  completely  to  the  use 
of  the  E.  word  "  Emotion." 

*  Emper^olato ;  made  like  a  pergola. 
Empetiggine  f. ;    (nted.)    impetigo,    a    skin 

eruption. 

Empiamente;  v.  Einpio. 
*Empiastrare;=Impiastrare,  to  plaster. 

Empiema  in. ;  (tned.)  empyema,  pus  in  the 
pleura. 

£mpiere ;  v.  Empire. 
Empietk/  (L.);  impiety. 

Empie'zza  /;  =  Empietk.  *  =  Ri- 
pienezza.  t  =  Commozione,  mental  com- 
motion. 

Empifdndo  m.\  high  tide,  esp.  one 
due  to  wind. 

Empimento  m,;  filling. 

Empio  (L.  impius);  i.  impious.  2.  pitiless. 
3.  sckfrz.  for  Empito.  Sono  — ,  I  am  full! 

Empire    or    fimpiere    ind.    empio 


empi,  perf.  empii  empisti,  ////.  empire, 
part,  empito  or  empiiito  (L.  implere^ 
v.  Pieno,  and  Skeat,  sub  Full)  ;  to  fill. 

Empiric  (L.,<Gr.,<eV,  n-Gp,  fire); 
of  the  highest  heaven. 

Empireum-a  m.  (Gr.  ^-rrvptv^a)  ; 
smell  or  taste  of  burning.  Aff.  -dtico. 

Empiric-o  (Gr.  7rcc/m);  as  E.  Aff. 
-amdnte,  Empirismo. 

tEmpitella_/;  (£0/.)=Nepitella,  calamint. 

Empito  ;  part.  Empire. 
flmpito  m.  ;  pop.  for  Impeto. 
Empitdio  m.  ;  (metal.}  funnel-shaped 
mould  for  a  casting. 

Empit6re  m.  ;  (mar.)  filling,  timber  for  strength- 
ening the  ends  of  a  ship. 

Empiuto  ;  part.  Empiere. 

*  Emplastico  ;  suitable  for  plaster. 

*  Empletto  #«.  (L.  emplectont<Sir.  tnir\tKTt>v, 
<irAe'*w,  to  weave);   wall  filled  in  with  concrete. 

Empor&tic-o  (L.,<Gr.,<*V,  iret/>o>, 
to  cross)  ;  Carta  -a,  i.  filter-paper. 
2.  blotting-paper. 

Emp6rio  ;«.  (L.,<Gr.,<eV,  iropos,  a  way); 
as  E. 

*  Emprenato  ;=  Impregnate. 

Emu  w/.  (Portug.  <v«<7,  ostrich);  emu,  Dromaeus 
Novae  Hollaitdiae. 

Emul-are  ind.  ^rnulo,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azidne,  -o;  as  E. 

Etyin,  L.  aemulitS)  dim.  of  **  acinus,  <**  iw- 
nos,  akin  to  imitort  imago,  and  to  Gothic  ibnst 
A.S.  f/en,>'E.  even,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is 
that  of  likeness.  V.  infra,  I  mi  tare. 

Emulg-ere  (L.  emulgere,  to  milk,<Indogerm. 
**  rnelfg,  to  stroke,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Milk);  obsolete 
except  in  pres.  Part.  Vene,  Arterie  -enti,  the  renal 
blood-vessels.  *to  milk. 

Ernulo  ;  v.  Emulare,  etc. 

Emuls-idne/;  (L.,  v.  Emulgere);  as  E.  AJf. 
-ivo. 

*  Emundazione_/!  (L.);=Mondez/a,  purity. 
*Emungere  or  Emugnere/^/.  enoi»Ljfarf. 

emunto  (L.  emungcre,  to  blow  the  nose,  akin  to 
MUCUS);  i.  =Smungere,  to  milk  dry.  »•  fig*  to 
weaken,  to  soften. 

Emuntorio  (L.);  excretory  (duct).  Rimedio 
—  ,  medicament  for  drawing  out  fluid. 

*En;  i.  -In.     ii.  =  Ne,  of  it.     iii.  =Sono,  (they) 
are. 

EnAIlagey;  (Gr.);  figure  where  one  case,  mood, 
or  tense  is  used  for  another. 

Enarmdnico;  enharmonic,  of  music  with  inter- 
vals less  than  a  semitone. 

tEnca;    Dell'  enca,  or  Del  lenca;  =  Da  nulla, 
worthless. 

Encarpo  in.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  CP,  icapird?,  fruit); 
(arch.)  festoon  ornamenting  a  frieze. 

*Encatisma  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  vapour  bath. 


Encdust-ica/  ( 
to  burn)  ;  art  of  encaustic  painting. 
-ico  ;  adj.  -o  m.  ;  i.  an  encaustic 
painting.  2.  a  kind  of  red  ink  used  by 
the  Roman  emperors  in  signing  certain 
deeds. 


Encefal-o  m.  (Gr.,<«',  «<£oAij);  brain.  Aff. 
•ico  adj.,  -hide  or  -ite,  brain  fever. 

Encefal6ide_/I;  (ttted.)  medullary  cancer. 
*Enchiostr-are  ;    to  shut   up.      -arsi,  to  take 
shelter. 

Enchiridio  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  manual. 

Enciclicay^;  (eccl.)  encyclical  letter. 

Encicloped-ia,  -icam6nte,  -ico,  -ista  ;  as  E. 

EncliticayC  (Gr);  enclitic,  little  word  which 
does  not  alter  the  accent  of  a  word  with  which  it  is 
compounded. 

Encomi-abile,  -are,  -asticam6nte,  -astico, 
-at6re,  -atrice;  v.  -o. 

Enc6mio  ;;/.  (Gr.  eyjeto/Litos,  laudatory,  <€f, 
KW/J.O?,  revel);  as  E. 

Encrinite  f.\    stone   lily,  Ettcrinites   monili- 
for»iist  and  other  species  of  fossil  echinoderms. 
*Ende;  L  =  Indi.     u.=Nee. 

Endecasillabo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  verse  of  eleven 
syllables,  hendecasy  liable. 

Endemi-a_/:;  endemic  disease.     AJf.  -ico. 

Endiadiy;  (Gr.);  hendiadys,  expression  where 
two  words  not  consecutive  are  used  as  one,  like  Fr. 
Ait  fur  et  a  mesure,  E.  might  and  main. 


*Endicay:  (L.  entfoca,<Gr.  fvB^Kr^;  i.  store- 
house, ii.  =  Incetta,  buying  up  storks  with  the  view 
of  controlling  the  market,  engrossing,  iii.  the  stocks 
so  bought. 

*  Endic-aiuolo  m.;  engrosser.     *-are  verb. 

£ndice  m.  (L.  index) ;  i.  nest-egg 
of  stone  or  marble,  left  to  delude  a  hen 
into  laying  more  eggs  in  the  nest. 
2.  fig.  anything  left  about  which  should 
have  been  removed.  *  =  Zimbello,  de- 
coy. 

*Endicuzza  f.\  dim.  Kndice. 
*Endisia,  Indisiay^  (L.  indiisiitnt,  v.  Esuvi- 
abile);   a  kind  of  cloth  or  lining  material. 

Endfvia  f.'-,—  Indivia,  endive. 

Enddgene ;  i.  (bet.)  endogenous.  2.  (ftef.) 
Humboldt's  term  for  eruptive  rocks. 

Endografiay". ;  geography  of  ancient  geological 
times. 

End6smosi  f.  (coined  by  Dutrochet,  1776 — 
1847,  who  first  observed  the  phenomenon,  from  Gr. 
cfSoy,  wff/i6«,  pushing);  endosmose,  the  action  of  a 
viscid  fluid  attracting  to  itself  a  watery  fluid  through 
an  organic  membrane ;  this  is  accompanied  by  a 
weaker  current  of  the  viscid  fluid  to  the  watery  one 
termed  Esosmosi,  exosmose. 

Eneide/;  the  Aeneid  of  Virgil. 

*  Enema  m.  (Gr.  crai/Aos,  stanching);  styptic. 

*  Eneo  (L.  aeneus,<aes)\  brazen. 
Eneorema  f.   ^Gr.  «Vatwp»j/ia,  scum);    (>ned.) 

white  cloud  sometimes  formed  in  urine  after 
standing. 

Energ-ia  /  (mlt.,<Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -ica- 
mente,  -ico. 

Energumeno  (Gr.);  possessed  by  a  devil. 

Enfa-si/ (L.,<Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -ticamente, 
-tico. 

*  Enferta  f. ;  =  Infermita. 

Enfia-gionc^lla  -gionclna  dims., 
-gi6ne  swelling,  thing  swollen,  tumour, 
-m4nto  swelling,  the  process  or  con- 
dition, -re  or  -rsi  to  be  swollen,  -to  as 
sb.,  pop.  for  -tura,  -tura  i.q.  -mento, 
-turina  dim.  slight  swelling.  Etym. 
L.  inftarej  v.  Flato. 

Enfi-o;  swollen.  Aff.  -ore,  =  Enfiagione,  tu- 
mour. 

Enfite-usiy:;  (Ay.)  long  or  perpetual  lease  at 
a  ground  rent. 

Enfiteut-a  m  ;  lease-holder.     Aff.  -ico. 

Etytn,  L.,  <  Gr.  «//.(fruT«i'<ris,  <  ev,  <f>vTtvu>,  to 
plant,  <^vTOf,  plant,  the  idea  being  that  of  a  lease 
long  enough  to  enable  the  tenant  to  plant  trees  and 
reap  the  fruit  within  the  term  of  his  lease. 

Enfizia/?;  (bot.)  epidemic  blight. 

Enfr-assia  f.  (Gr.  e^,<tpaft?,<6c,  ^patra-ot,  to 
fence,  cp.  L.farcie,  to  stuff);  (ntcd.)  blocking  of  the 
pores.  Aff.  -attico. 

*Enghestaray^;  =  Caraffa,  water-bottle. 

Enigm-  or  Enimm-a  »i.  (L.,<Gr.  atpiyfta, 
<aii«iV(roMat>  to  speak  in  riddles, <ati'o?,  a  tale); 
-aticamente,  -atico;  as  E. 

Enne  ttt.  or,/;  the  letter  N. 

Enne  m.  (Arabic  kinndt  the  name  for  the 
henna  plant,  Lawsonia,  alba)\  henna, 

Enn6a_/^;  Proserpine  (<Enna,  in  Sicily). 
*Enneadeyi  (Gr.);  i.  division  of  a  book  con- 
taining   nine    chapters,      ii.  —  Novena,    nine    days' 
church  festival. 

Ennesimo;  (math.)  «th. 
*Ennico;=Etnico. 
•Enno;  they  are. 

En6filo  m.  (Gr.  olvos,  <f>i'Aos);  scientific  wine- 
grower. 

*  Enolay^;=Enula,  elecampane. 
Enolog-iayC;  science  of  wine-growing.    Aff. 

-ico,  -o. 

Endmetro  m.\  gauge  of  specific  gravity  for 
wine. 

En6rm-e,  -emente,  -ezza,  -ita  (L.) ;  as  E. 

Endtera^;  (bot.)  evening- prim  rose,  Oenothtra. 

En6tria  f.  (L.  Oenotria,  i.e.  wine-land);  a 
Virgilian  name  for  Italy. 

En6trio ;  —  Romano,  pseudonym  of  the  poet 
Carducci. 

*Enrino;  v.  Errino. 

*  Ensemora  ;=  Insieme,  together. 
Ensif6rme  (L.);  as  E. 

*  Ensiliare  ;  =  Schivare. 

*  Entanno;  =  Intanto. 

Entasi  f.  (Gr.) ;  the  thickest  part  of  a  column. 

Ent-e  m.  (L.  -ensy  old  part,  of  esse, 
e.g.  in  absens) ;  i.  being,  in  philosophical 
sense;  Non  moltiplichiamo  gli  -i  senza 


ENTELECHIA— EPOPEA 


223 


necessitA,  let  us  not  multiply  the  species 
of  being  unnecessarily.  2.  —  morale, 
incorporated  society  owning  property 
for  religious  or  philanthropic  purposes. 
Entelechla/  (Gr.);  I.  principle  of 
perceptive  and  intelligent  life.  2.  motive 
activity,  continuous  action.  3.  the 
Aristotelian  soul  and  prime  motor  of 
the  universe.  4.  the  monad  of  Leibnitz. 

Entello  m.  ;  sacred  ape  of  India,  Semtiopithecus 
cntellits. 

Enter-elesiayC;  (med.)  volvulus,  -ico,  -itide, 
-ocele,  -ologia,  as  E.  ;  -6si,  disease  of  the  bowels; 
-otomia,  as  E.  ;  -dtomo,  knife  for  intestinal  opera- 
tions (Gr.  eprepa). 

Entimem-a  w.  (Gr.);  enthymeme,  syllogism 
where  one  of  the  premises  is  suppressed.  Aff. 
-aticamente,  -atico. 

Entita/J;  i.  entity.    2.  importance. 
•Entomata  m.  pi.;  insects,  D.  Purg.  10.  128. 

Entomolog-ia,  -ico,  -o;  as  E. 

Entozo-ari  or  -i  tn.pl.;  entozoa,  parasites. 

Entragn-a  /,  -o  m.  (late  L.  intraneus,< 
intra)  ;  i.  entrail.  2.  Jig.  di  buono  -o,  good-hearted. 
L'  -e,  the  thoughts  of  one's  heart. 

Entrambi  (L.  inter,  ambo)  ;  both  ;  it 
indicates  closer  relationship  than  Am- 
bedue. 

•Entrame  m.,  or  EntramentayC;  entrails. 

Entr-are  ind.  e"ntro  (L.  tntrare,  < 
in  and  **trare,  to  pass  over,  v.  Tra,  B)  ; 
to  enter.  Phrases,  etc.:  i.  Fra  due 
minuti  -a  la  messa,  mass  is  just  going 
to  begin  ;  La  predica  non  e  ancora  -ata, 
the  sermon  has  not  begun.  2.  Mi  c'  -a 
il  necessario  per  tutto  il  mese,  I  have 
enough  money  to  go  on  for  all  this 
month  ;  Non  ci  si  -a,  I  cannot  afford  it, 
i.e.  some  given  expense  ;  when  speaking 
of  expenses  in  general  as  beyond  one's 
means  the  expression  used  is  Non  ci 
si  arriva;  Vorrei  fare  quest'  anno  un 
viaggetto  ;  ma  veggo  bene  che  non  c'  -o, 
or,  che  non  ci  s'  -a,  I  should  "have  liked 
to  make  an  excursion  this  year  but  I  see 
clearly  that  I  cannot  afford  it.  3.  In 
questa  pezza  di  tela  ci  possono  —  venti 
camice,  this  piece  of  stuff  is  enough  to 
make  twenty  shirts  ;  Come  volete  che 
in  un  metro  di  panno  c'  -i  un  soprabito, 
how  is  one  metre  of  cloth  going  to  be 
enough  to  make  an  overcoat?  4.  Co- 
testo  consiglio  e;  m'  -a,  this  advice 
decides  me;  E  una  ragione  che  non 
m'  -a  punto,  it  is  a  reason  that  does  not 
convince  me  at  all.  5.  Trovare  una 
calza  che  t'  -i,  to  find  a  satisfactory 
procedure  ;  E  tanto  che  bado  a  pensare 
ma  ancora  non  trovo  una  calza  che 
m'  -i,  I  keep  on  thinking  and  thinking 
but  have  not  yet  thought  of  any  satis- 
factory way.  6.  Quanto  ce  n'  -a,  the 
greatest...  alive;  Onesto  quantoce  n'-a, 
the  most  honest  fellow  breathing;  E 
ghiotto,  cattivo,  impertinente  quanto  ce 
n"  -a,  he  is  the  greediest,  worst,  most 
impertinent  fellow  on  earth.  7.  -ante, 
prying  ;  E  un  uomo  un  po'  troppo  -ante, 
ed  io  1'  ho  a  noia,  he  is  rather  a  prying 
sort  of  chap,  and  I  must  say  I  find  him 
a  bore.  8.  Settimana,  Mese,  ecc.,  -ante, 
the  coming  week  or  month  ;  Verr6  nella 
settimana  -ante,  I  will  be  with  you  in 
the  course  of  this  coming  week. 


what  time  does  service  begin  ?  4.  (mus.) 
(a)  striking  up,  (6)  introduction.  5.  in- 
come, either  from  property  or  earned ; 
— •  delle  pecore,  del  bestiame,  annual 
increase  in  flocks  and  herds. 

Entrataccia  /  ;  pegg.  Entrata,  usu. 
in  mus.  sense. 

Entratura/;  i.  entry.  2.  grand 
entrance.  3.  entrance-hall.  4.  entering 
into  office.  5.  entrance-fee.  6.  Avere 
—  con,  to  be  on  intimate  terms  with. 
7.  —  di  mese,  or  simply  — ,  the  first 
pains  preceding  childbirth.  8.  Diritto 
d'  — ,  good-will  of  a  business. 

Entro;  i.  variant  of  Dentro;  before 
the  preposition  Per  the  form  Entro  is 
always  used.  2.  sync,  for  Entrato. 

fEntrone  w.;  =  Androne. 

Entusias-mo  m.  (late  L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Enthusiasm);  as  E.  Aff.  -mare  vb.t  -ta,  -ticamente, 
•tico. 

*Enucleare;  =  Snocciolare,  to  explain. 

Enula  (Enola)yl;  (bot.)  elecampane,  one  of  the 
chicory  tribe  of  plants,  Inuta.  heletiium,  also  termed 
Elenio,  Inula. 

Enumer-are,  -azione;  as  E. 

Enunci-are;  to  enounce.  A$.  -ativa,  faculty 
for  clear  expression,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -azione. 

Enunziare;  /.(/.  Enunciare. 
*  Eo  ;  variant  of  Io,<L.  ego. 

Eocenico  (coined  by  Sir  C.  Lyell  from  Gr. 
17(05,  dawn,  Kaifei?,  new,  for  the  earliest  of  the  tertiary 
geological  formations) ;  eocene. 

E6H-O;  Aeolian.     La  fanciulla  -a,  Sappho. 

Eolipila  /.  (L.  Aeolus,  pilft,  ball);  aeolipile, 
an  instrument  consisting  of  a  hollow  ball  of  metal 
partly  filled  with  water  and  having  a  small  orifice 
through  which  steam  escapes  on  the  application  of 
heat,  thus  turning  the  ball.  It  is  the  earliest 
apparatus  on  record  for  showing  the  power  of  steam. 

E6o  (Gr.  TJW)  ;  Eastern. 

Epa(Epe)  /  (L.  &r>«r);  =  Pancia,  belly. 

Epanadipiosi  /.  (Gr.);  epanadiplosis,  ending 
a  phrase  with  the  same  word  which  began  it. 

Epanafora  /.  (Gr.);  repetition  of  the  same 
words  at  the  beginning  of  successive  sentences,  as, 
Per  me  si  va,  in  each  line  of  the  first  stanza  of 
D.  Inf.  3. 

Epanalessi/i  (Gr.);  epanalepsis,  i.e.  repetition 
of  a  word  with  resumption  of  the  idea,  as  0.  Inf.  4. 
66,  or  St  Paul,  i  Cor.  xi.  18  and  20. 

Eparco  m.  (Gr.) ;  sub-prefect  in  modern  Greece. 
•Epate  ta.  (Gr.);  liver. 

Epatico;  i.  of  the  liver.  2.  (tot.)  Trifoglio  — , 
liver-wort,  hepatica,  Hepatica  triloba,  also  termed 
Ranunculo  tndentato. 

Epatta/  (late  L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Epact); 
epact,  the  difference  between  twelve  lunations  and 
one  year. 

Epente-si/^  (Gr.  itri,  «c(ty<ri«);  insertion  of  an 
extra  letter  in  a  word  as  milingtary  for  military. 
Aff.  -tico. 

Epic-a./;  epic  poetry.     Aff.  -amente. 

Epiced-io  tit.  (Gr.,<K^ios,  funeral);  funeral 
oration.  Aff.  -ico. 

Epiceno  (Gr.  CTTI,  KOICOC);  of  either  gender. 

Epicheia  (Epicela)/;  (Gr.  eTrt£tKeta,<ciicu>,  to 
yield) ;  easy-going  administration. 

Epicherem-a  m.  (Gr.  «irt^«tpi)^a,  attempt, 
<X«ip,  hand);  syllogism  with  one  or  both  premises 
confirmed  by  an  incidental  proposition.  Aff.  -atico. 

Epiciclo  ttt.  (Gr.  «Trt,  jeuxAo?) ;  path  traced  by 
a  point  moving  in  a  circle  the  centre  of  which  moves 
along  the  circumference  of  another  circle,  so  that 
regarding  the  path  of  the  moon  as  a  circle  round  the 
earth  and  that  of  the  earth  as  a  circle  round  the  sun 
the  path  of  the  moon  round  the  sun  is  an  epicycle. 

Epicicl6ide  /.;  epicycloid,  path  traced  by  a 
given  point  in  the  circumference  of  a  circle  rolling 
upon  another  circle. 

Epico  (L.,<Gr.,<eiro?,  word);  epic.  As  s6,t 
epic  poet. 


Epicrasi/;  (med.)  treatment  intended  to  cool 
and  dilute  the  blood  by  medicin 
by  the  patient.     Aff,  Epicratic-amente,  -o. 


blood  by  medicines  taken  as  desired 


^;  i.  entrance,  way  in. 
.  access,  admission,  entry.  3.  be- 
inning ;  L'  —  della  messa  a  che  ora  e, 


Etytn.  Gr.  ejri'*po<rts,<«7ri  inttns,  and  **«pdw 
—  fltfmtyU,  to  dilute. 

Epicur-eaminte  adv.,  -eggiare  to  show 
Epicurean  inclinations,  -eismo  sb.t  -co  adj.;  from 
Epicurus  (341 — 270  B.C.). 

Epidemi-a/;,  -camtfnte,  -co(Gr.);  as  E. 

Epidermide/  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Epifania  or  pop.  Befania/.  (Gr.);  as  E. 


Epifonem-a  in.  (Gr.) ;  an  emphatic  closing 
sentence.  Aff.  -aticamente,  -atico. 

Epifoneticamente ;  —  Eptfonematicamente. 

Epifora  f.  (Gr.);  i.  lachrymation.  a.  =  Epi- 
strofe. 

Epiframma  m.  (Gr.,<«iri,  <t>pd<r<ru,  to  fence); 
membrane  over  the  spore-case  in  urn-mosses. 

Epigamfa  f. ;  (leg.)  i.  second  marriage. 
2.  mutual  rights  of  marriage  between  subjects  of 
two  States. 

Epigastr-io  or  -o  m.\  (tned.)  region  over  the 
stomach.  Aff.  -ico. 

Epigeo  ;  (bot.)  growing  close  upon  the  earth. 

Epigino  ;  (hot.)  with  stamens  above  the  pistil. 

Epigl6tt-a  or  -ide  f. ;  (anal.)  epiglottis. 

Epigoni  m.  pi.;  sons  of  the  men  who  made  the 
first  war  against  Thebes  ;  hence,  writers  who  having 
no  creative  power  content  themselves  with  elaborating 
the  ideas  of  their  predecessors. 

Epigraf-aio;  composer  of  inscrip- 
tions, -sf. ;  inscription,  -ia  f. ;  study 
of  ancient  inscriptions,  -icamente  adv., 
-ico  adj.  -ista  m. ;  i.  writer  of  in- 
scriptions. 2.  student  of  ancient  in- 
scriptions. 

Epigramm-a  m. ;  as  E.  Aff.  -aticamente, 
-atico,  -eggiare  vb.t  -ettaccio  dim.  pegg.,  -etto  or 
-ino  dim.,  -ista  so.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -ucciaccio 
dim.  peer,  spreg. 

Epilazi6ne  /;  removal  of  hair  by  the  roots. 

Epil-essia(Epilensia)y:,  -ittico;  as  E. 

Epildbio  m.  ;  (bat.)  willow-herb,  EpilooiutH 
angustifolium,  also  tenned  Sfenice,  Violine  di 
padule. 

Epilog-amento,  -are,  -o;  =  Riepilogamento, 
ecc. 

Epimaco  m. ;  a  genus  of  birds  of  paradise, 
Epimackus. 

Epimoney:  (Gr.);  repetition  of  a  word  at  the 
beginning  of  a  phrase,  for  emphasis,  as  D.  Purg. 
30.  TJ,  Ben  son,  ben  son  Beatrice. 

Epinjcio  tit.  (Gr.  vitaf);  hymn  of  victory. 
*  Epinittidey.  (Gr.  «Jf);  skin  eruption  at  night. 

Epi6rnidey:  (Gr.  aimis) ;  the  extinct  Aepiornys 
of  Madagascar,  a  huge  ostrich-like  bird. 

Episcop-ale:  as  E.  -ato  m. ;  office,  or  dura- 
tion of  office  of  a  bishop. 

Episcopio ;  bishop's  palace. 

Episdd-io  ttt.  (Gr.  tTretiroitoi') ;  episode.  Aff, 
-icamente,  -ico,  -ietto  dim, ,  -iuccio^^g^*. 

Epispastico(L.,<Gr.,<rTraio,  to  draw);  blister- 
ing. 

Epispermo  m. ;  (bot.)  episperm,  skin  of  the 
seed. 

Epistasiy^  (Gr.);  scum  upon  urine. 

Epistassiy?  (coined  <  Gr.  eiri,  <7Ta^w,  to  drip) ; 
nose-bleeding. 

Epistiho  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.);  (an-/;.) architrave,  the 
lowest  division  of  the  entablature,  the  structure 
which  rests  upon  the  columns. 

Epistol-a  (Pistola)/  (L.,<Gr.);  -are  adj.; 
as  E. 

Epistolario  tit. ;  printed  collection  of  letters. 

Epfstrofe./  (Gr.) ;  a  form  of  repetition  in  which 
successive  clauses  end  with  the  same  word,  as  in 
St  Paul;  2  Cor.  xi.  22,  D.  Par.  io.  104 — 108. 

Epitaffio  or  pop.  Pitaffio  m.  (Gr.);  epitaph. 

Epitalam-io  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  nuptial  ode. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Epitasi  /.  (Gr.);  the  main  action  of  a  Greek 
play. 

Epitema  fit. ;  mustard  plaster,  v.  Pittima. 

Epiteto  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  epithet. 
•Epitimbra/;  («or.)=Epitimio. 

Epitim-o  or  -io  ttt.;  (bot.)  thyme  dodder, 
Cuscuta  epithymum. 

Epitom-e/  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -are  vb. 

Epitrito  m.  (L.);  a  foot  of  one  short  and  three 
long  syllables,  the  short  one  being  in  any  of  the  four 
places. 

Epittit-0  m.;  Epictetus,  the  Stoic  (50  B.C.). 
Aff.  -lano. 

•Epittimay:;  variant  of  Epitema. 

Epizoozia/:  (Gr.);  cattle-plague. 

Epoca/  (mlt.,<Gr.  eiroxij,  a  stop);  epoch. 

Ep6do  m. ;  i.  the  third  and  last  part 
of  a  Greek  lyric  ode,  following  the 
Strophe  and  Antistrophe.  2.  a  form  of 
lyric  invented  by  Archilochus,  in  which 
a  longer  verse  is  followed  by  a  shorter 
one. 

Epopeay;  (Gr.  firof,  nW<»);  i.  Epic 
poetry.  2.  a  series  of  events  standing 
out  dramatically  in  history,  like  the 
career  of  Napoleon  or  Garibaldi. 


224 


EPPURE— ERBA 


Eppiire ;  for  E  pure,  nevertheless. 

Epsilon  or  Essilon  ;«.;  the  Greek. 

Eptanco  m. ;  —  anciolo,  grey  shark,  HeP- 
tanchus  cinereus^  locally  termed  Gallon  grigio, 
Cagnia,  Can,  Anciolo,  Pesce  angio,  Pesce  anciovu. 

fepula/;  (L.  ej>uluni)\  solemn  feasl,  e.g.  at  a 
funeral,  in  ancient  Rome. 

Epulide  f.  (Gr.  eirov\i<;,  < oSAa,  the  gums); 
gum-boil. 

Epul6n-e  ;;/.  (L.  epulo,<epulae^  rich 
foods) ;  luxurious  liver,  esp.  the  rich 
man  of  the  parable.  Aff.  -accio  pegg. 

Equabil-e,  -ita,  -mente;  as  E. 

Equam£nte ;  equitably. 

Equanim-e;  calm.     Aff.  -em£nte,  -ita. 

Equa-t6re,  -toriale,  -zi6ne  ;  as  E. 

Equ-estre,  -iangolo;  as  E. 

Equicrure  (L.  crus,  leg);  isosceles. 

Equidifferente;  with  equal  difference  between 
successive  pairs. 

Equi-distante,  -distanza,  -latero,  -librare, 
-librio,  -no,  -noziale;  as  E. 

Equin6zio  M.  ;  i.  equinox.  2.  scherz.  equi- 
voque. 

Equipaggi-am6nto,  -arev£.;  v.  -o. 

Equipaggio  ;//.;  i.  equipage,  all  the  things 
taken  by  a  wealthy  family  when  travelling,  or  by  an 
army  on  the  march.  2.  crew  of  a  ship.  3.  gentle- 
man s  carriage  with  liveried  servants. 

Etym.  Fr.  Equipage,  <  fquiper^  properly,  to  go 
in  a  ship,  hence  fit  out  a  ship,  and  so  to  equip  in  all 
the  secondary  senses.  Equiper  is<O.Fr.  esquipcr^ 
to  rig  a  ship,  of  Germanic  origin;  cp,  O.H.G.  skif, 
Gothic  skip,  E.  ship,  skipper. 

Equipar-are  ind.  equiparo  (L.,  <  aeguus, 
level,  far,  equal) ;  to  parallel,  to  make  or  find  of 
equal  merit.  Aff.  -abile. 

Equipoll-ente(L.,<rt<vw«j,/W/<w,  to  avail); 
of  equal  power.  Aff.  -enza. 

Equiseto  m.  (L.);  (&>/.)— Setoline,  horse-tail. 

Equit-a/  (L.);  equity,     -ativo;  equitable. 

Equitazi6ne  f.\  as  E. 

Equi-valere  ind.  -valgo  -vali  -vale  -valiamo 
-va]£te  -valgono,  Per/,  -valsi  •vale'sti,  fut.  -varro, 
parts,  -valendo  -valente  -valso  or  -valuto  (mil. 
acquivalere)\  to  be  equivalent.  Aff.  Equival-ente- 
mente,  -enza. 

Equivoc-are  ind.  equfvoco;  i.  to 
equivocate.  2.  to  make  a  mistake ;  Tu 
equivocasti  giudicando  quella  signora, 
you  made  a  mistaken  estimate  of  that 
lady;  E  vero  che  tu  me  lo  avevi  scritto, 
ma  equivocai,  it  is  true  you  wrote  to  me 
about  it,  but  I  misunderstood  ;  La  verita 
che  laggiu  si  confonde  Equivocando  in 
si  fatta  lettura,  D.  Par.  29.  75,  the 
truth  which  is  confused  down  on  earth 
by  the  misunderstandings  incidental  to 
those  lectures.  Aff.  -ame*nto. 

Equivoco  (mlt.  aequivocus] ;  i.  as  E. 
2.  as  sb.,  misunderstanding,  mistake; 
Lo  feci  per  — ,  I  did  it  by  mistake. 

Equo  (A)  (L.  aequus,  v.  Uguale) ;  fair.  *  (B)  sb. 
(L.) ;  horse. 

Equdreo  (L.);  {Poet.)  marine. 

*  Era/ ;  i.  the  Saone,  the  ancient  A  raris,  D.  Par. 
6.  59.     ii.  the  Loire. 

Eray;  (L.  aera,  pi.  of  aes,  brass  counters;  in 
later  L.  aera  was  used  as  a  f.  sb.t  in  the  sense  of  a 
number  forming  the  basis  of  some  calculation,  and 
so  came  to  have  the  meaning  borne  by  Era  in  Italian 
and  English);  as  E.  *  =Anno,  year. 

*  Era  f, ;  contr.  of  Area. 

Eracleo  ?//.;  (bot.)  —  sfondilio,  =  Panace,  hog- 
weed. 

Eraclitfeo;  of  Heraclitus. 

Erari-ale  ;  fiscal,     -o  nt.  ;  (L.)  Treasury. 

Erasmiano;  of  Erasmus,  esp.  in  regard  to  his 
suggestion  that  the  Gr.  diphthongs  should  be  pro- 
nounced with  diaeresis  and  the  TJ  like  a  long  €,  a 
system  termed  Etacismo  and  its  adherents  Etacisti. 

Erba  f.  (L.  herba,  further  etym.  un- 
certain); i.  herb.  2.  grass.  3.  In — , 
green,  immature;  Fare  — ,  to  cut  grass 
for  animals.  4,  Proverbs:  Mangiarsi 
il  guadagno  in  — ,  to  consume  one's 
profits  before  they  are  secured  ;  Fatti 
-  e  ti  mangeranno  le  capre,  i.e.  the 
world  will  take  you  at  a  low  valuation 


if  you  so  value  yourself;  Ogni  —  si 
conosce  al  seme,  i.e.  the  tree  is  known 
by  its  fruit ;  —  che  non  ha  radice  muore 
presto,  i.e.  a  spendthrift  soon  comes  to 
the  end  of  his  resources. 

Names  of  plants  beginning  with  Erba;  the 
alternative  Italian  names  are  given  in  parentheses: 
5.  —  acciughera,  wild  marjoram,  Origanum  vulgare 
(Amaraco,  Regamo,  Origamo  acciughera).  6.  — 
amara  della  Madonna,  v.  infra  (73,  c).  7.  — 
amaranta,  Virginian  poke-weed,  Phytolacca  de- 
candra  (Uva  turca,  Amaranto  erbaceo,  Erba 
cremesina).  8.  —  aralda,  foxglove,  Digitalis 
Purpurea  (Digitale  purpurea  medicinale).  9.  — 
arborea  resinosa,  Australian  grass  gum-tree,  Xan~ 
thorrhaea  arborea..  10.  —  d'  argento,  (<i)  silver- 
weed,  Potentilla  argentea;  (b)  shining  silver-weed, 
Argyreia  acuta.  n.  (a)  —  da  bachi,  tansy, 
Tanacetum  vulgare  (Tanaceto  comune,  Erba  pen- 
nina);  (b)  —  da  baco  solitario,  or  da  verme  solitario, 
Abyssinian  tape-worm  plant,  or  cusso  plant,  Brayera 
anthelmintica  (Cusso).  u  bis.  —  ballerina,  garden 
nightshade,  Solatium  nigrum  (Solatro  ortolano, 
Solanode' giardini,  Morella).  12.  — della  baronessa, 
Thymus  herba  barona,  a  Corsican  species  of  thyme. 
13.  —  bottoncina,  rock-rose,  Cistus  helianthemum 
(Kliantemo,  Panace  chironeo).  14.  —  bozzolina, 
milk-wort,  Polygaia  vulgaris  (Poligala  comune, 
Vecciolina).  15.  —  britlantiua,  i>,  infra  (150). 
16.  —  bruca,  prickly  caterpillar-plant,  Scorfiinrus 
muricata.  17.  —  bruca  vermicolare,  serpentine 
caterpillar-plant,  Scorpivrus  vermiculata  (Coda  di 
scorpione).  18.  —  buona,  parsley,  Apium  petro- 
selinum  (Prezzemolo).  19.  —  calderugia,  groundsel, 
Senecio  vulgaris  (Erba  cardellina,  Sollecciola, 
Spelliciosa,  Senecione,  Pie  d'  uccellino).  20.  —  cali 
coltivata,  salt-wort,  Salsola  sativa  (Soda  coltivata); 
see  also  below  (64).  21.  —  da  calli,  (a)  biting  stone- 
crop,  Sedum  acre  (Erba  grassa,  Erba  pignola); 
(b)  orpine,  Sedum  telephium  (Erba  di  S.  Giovanni, 
Fabaria,  Favaria,  Fava  grassa,  Telefio  comune) ; 
if)  house-leek,  v.  Semprevivo.  22.  —  canaria, 
(a)  canary -seed  grass,  Phalaris  canariensis  (Scagliola 
coltivata);  (b)  =  Centonchio,  chickweed.  23.  — 
canfora  delle  isole  Canarie,  balm  of  Gilead  plant, 
Cedronella  triphylla.  24.  —  cannella,  (a)  broad- 
leaved  water  parsnip,  Stum  latifolium  (Sedanino 
d'  acqua);  (b)  sweet  rush,  •&.  Canna  odorifera.  25.  — 
cardellina,  groundsel,  v.  supra  (19).  26.  —  cavallina, 
a  tropical  species  of  grass,  Ophiurus  compressus. 
27.  —  cedrata,  balm,  Melissa  officinalis  (Melissa 
medicinale,  Erba  limona,  Citraggine,  Cedronella, 
Melacitola).  28.  — cedrina,  lemon-scented  verbena, 
Aloysia  citriodora  (Erba  Luigia,  Erba  della  prin- 
cipessa).  29.  —  ceneraia,  feather-beds,  Chara 
vulgaris  (Cara,  Foladina,  Piacere  d1  acqua).  30.  — 
cerea,  or  da  cera,  waxy  fir-rape,  Monotropa  nni flora. 
31.  —  da  cervi,  mountain  hart-wort,  Peitcedanunt 
cervaria.  32.  —  chioccia,  egg-plant,  Solatium 
ovigerum  (Pianta  da  uova) ;  for  the  other  species  of 
egg-plant,  v.  Petonciano.  33.  —  cipollina,  chive, 
Allium  schaenoprasum,  34.  — cipressina,  cypress- 
spurge,  Euphorbia  cyparissus  (Erba  di  Gabretto). 
35.  —  coltella,  water-soldier,  Stratiotes  aloides 
(Stiletto  d'  acqua,  Stratiote).  36.  —  cornetta,  garden 
larkspur,  Delphinium  Ajacis  (Rigaligo,  Sperone  di 
cavaliere,  Fiorcappuccio,  Aiace).  37.  —  corsa,  flax- 
leaved  daphne,  Daphne gnidium  (Ditonella,  Gnidio). 
38.  —  cremesina,  v.  supra  (7).  39.  —  cristallina, 
ice-plant,  Mesembryanthemum  crystallinum  (Erba 
del  ghiaccio,  Diacciola).  40.  —  croce,  common 
vervain,  Verbena  officinalis  (Crocetta,  Erba  sacra, 
Erba  di  S.  Giovanni,  Verbena  comune).  41.  — 
dorata,  a  fern,  scaly  spleen  wort,  Ceterack  ojficinantm 
(Cetracca,  Ruginella).  42.  —  falcona,  charlock, 
Sinapis  arvensis  (Rapaccino,  Rapicello,  Senapa 
de'  campi).  43.  —  da  fecola,  arrow-root  plant, 
Maranta  antndinacea  (Erba  da  frecce;  it  is  also 
spoken  of  in  Italian  by  its  English  name  of  arrow- 
root). 44.  —  formica,  yarrow,  Achillea  millefolium 
(Millefoglio,  Erba  pennina).  45.  —  fragolina,  wood- 
sanicle,  Sankula  Europaea  (Sanicola  europea, 
Diapensia).  46.  —  Francesca,  Madeira  germander, 
Tettcrium  betonicum.  47.  —  frassinella,  corn 
wound-wort,  Stachys  arvensis  (Erba  Strega).  48.  — 
da  frecce,  v.  supra  (43).  49.  —  di  Gabretto,  vt 
supra  (34).  50.  —  galla,  curly  pond-weed,  Potamo- 
geton  crispus  (Cicerbita  di  padule,  Manichette). 
51.  (a)  —  delle  galline  di  Faraone,  garlic-scented 
guinea-fowl  plant,  Petiveria  alliacea  (Verbena  della 
Giammaica);  (6)  —  gallinella,  —  Centonchio,  chick- 
weed.  52.  —  da  gambe,  elecampane,  Inula  Britan- 
nica  (Laurenziana).  53.  (a) —  da  gatti,  cat's  thyme, 
Teucriutn  marum  (Timo  de'  gatti,  Maro  d*  Egitto, 
Scarsapepe) ;  (b)  —  de'  gatti,  catmint,  Nepeta  cataria 
(Menta  de'  gatti).  54.  —  del  ghiaccio,  v.  supra  (39). 

55.  —  gialla,  dyers'  rocket,   Reseda  luteola  (Erba 
guada,  Biondella,  Guaderella  de'  tintori,  Melardina). 

56.  —  giulia,  sweet  maudlin,   Achillea  ageratuni. 

57.  —  granellosa,  white  stone-crop,  Sedum  album 


(Erba  pinocchina,  Semprevivo  minore,  Vermicolaria). 
58.  —  grassa,  (<z)  garden  purslane,  Portulaca 
oleracea  (Porcacchia  coltivata);  (<*)  v.  supra  (21,  a). 
59-  —  greca,  crimson  trefoil,  Trifolium  incamatum 
(Trifoglio  rosso,  Trafogliolo  rosso,  Erbone).  60.  — 
grisellma,  pimpernel,  A  nagallis  arvensis  (^hn3.%&\\\  fa  > 
Terzanella,  Barometro  del  contadino,  with  which  cp. 
the  E.  synonym,  poor  man's  weather-glass).  61.  — 
guada,  v.  supra  (55).  62.  —  impaziente,  wild  balsam, 
Impatiens  ;;<7/z/<z//£r7r (Begliuomini  salvatici).  63.  — 
dell'  invidla,  hemp-nettle,  Galeopsis  tetrahit  (Canapa 
falsa).  64.  —  kali  or  cali,  salt-wort,  Salsola  soda 
(Riscola,  Roscano,  Bacicci).  65.  —  lanaria,  GypsO' 
phila  struthium  (Struzzio,  Radicetta  saponaria). 
66.  —  laurina,  spurge-laurel,  Daphfie  laureola 
(Laureola).  67.  —  lazza,  wood-spurge,  Euphorbia 
characias  (Esca  da  pesci,  Caracia,  Gomitaria, 
Euforbia,  Erba  mora,  Titirnalo).  68.  —  da  legnaioli, 
carpenter's  herb,  Rhrina  hiimilis.  69.  —  da  leone, 
lion's  leaf,  Leontice  leontopetalum.  69  bis.  — 
leprina,  corn  bindweed,  Convolvulus  arvensis^  also 
termed  Vilucchio  dei  campi.  70.  —  lucciola,  (a)prickly 
sedge,  Carex  muricata ;  (b)  Juncus  campestrts 
(Bugnamacola) ;  (r)  adder's  tongue  fern,  Ophio- 
glossum  vulgatum  (Lingua  d!  serpe,  Luccia).  71.  — 
Luigia,  v.  supra  (28).  72.  —  lupa,  greater  broom- 
rape,  Orobancke  major  (Broeggia,  Orobanche, 
Succhiamele,  Fuoco  salvatico,  Fiammone,  Fuoco  di 
S.  Antonio).  73.  —  della  Madonna,  (a)  a  species 
of  everlasting,  Gnaphalium  galltcum  (Bambagia 
salvatica,  Tignamichino,  Trespolino) ;  (b~)  St  Bar- 
naby's  thistle  or  yellow  star  thistle,  Centaurea 
solstitialis  (Ceceprete) ;  (c)  costmary,  Balsamita 
suavfolens,  v.  Costo  (B,  2)  (Erba  di  Santa  Maria, 
Erba  amara,  Menta  greca,  Costo  minore) ;  another 
English  name  for  it  is  alecost,  v.  Costo ;  it  was 
introduced  into  England  in  1568,  from  Italy,  where 
it  is  native.  74.  —  maga,  enchanter's  nightshade, 
Circaea  lutetiana  (Erba  di  S.  Stefano).  75.  — 
marmoracea,  soft  acanthus,  Acanthus  »/0//tt(Acanto, 
Brancorsina,  Cardoncione).  76.  —  mazzolina,  rough 
cock's-foot  grass,  Dactylis  glomerata  (Pannocchina, 
Spiga  bianca).  77.  —  medica  gialla,  Swedish 
me  dick,  Medicago  falcata.  78.  —  medica  coltivata, 
lucerne,  Medicago  sativa  (Erba  Spagna  coltivata). 
70,.  —  monetaria,  honesty,  Lunaria  biennis  (Argen- 
tina, Erba  rasata,  Linaria).  80.  —  della  mestizia, 
herb  of  sadness,  an  Indian  plant,  Phyllanthus  niruri. 
81.  —  moscatellina,  common  clary,  Salvia  sclarea 
(Chiarella  maggiore,  Erba  di  S.  Giovanni,  Scarlea, 
Scarleggia).  82.  —  mostardina,  v.  infra  (96).  83.  — 
muschiata,  musk  geranium,  Erodium  moschatum 
(Geranio  muschiato).  84,  —  del  muschio,  musk- 
plant,  Mimulus  moschatus.  85.  —  nastro,  variegated 
ribbon-grass,  Phalaris  antndinacea  (Saggina  scre- 
ziata  spagnola).  86.  —  nocca,  Christmas-rose, 
Helleborus  niger  (Rosa  di  Ceppo,  or  di  Natale, 
Elleboro  nero).  87.  —  nocca  falsa,  stinking  helle- 
bore, Helleborus  fetidus  (Elleboro  fetido,  Piede  di 
griffo,  Cavolo  di  lupo).  88.  —  d'  oro,  a  south 
European  species  of  fescue  grass,  Chrysurus  cyno- 
suroides.  89.  —  ovatta,  Syrian  silk-plant,  Asclepias 
syriaca  (Seta  egi/iana,  Beidelossa).  90.  — •  da 
panereccio,  whitlow-grass,  Draba  verna.  91.  — 
pappagallo,  three-coloured  amaranth,  Amaranthus 
tricolor  (Meraviglia  di  Spagna).  92.  —  da  pappa- 
galli,  tree  celandine  or  parrot-weed,  Bocconia  fru- 
tescens.  93,  —  pazienza,  garden  dock,  Rumex 
patientia  (Romice  degli  orti).  94.  —  pennina, 
v.  supra  (n  a  and  44).  95.  —  pepe  acquatica, 
small  water  pepper-wort,  Elatine  hydropiper.  96.  — 
pepe,  dittander  or  poor  man's  pepper-wort,  Lepidium 
latifolium  (Piperitide,  Mostarda,  Erba  mostardina). 
97.  —  da  pernice,  partridge  plant,  Anandria  belli- 
diastrum.  98.  —  persa  or  persia,  sweet-knotted 
marjoram,  Origanum  majorana  (Maggiorana).  99.  — 
da  pidocchi,  stavesacre,  Delphinium  staphtsagria 
(Stafisagria,  Stafizzeca).  100.  —  pignola,  v.  supra 
(21  a).  101.  —  pina,  (a)  tall  meadow-rue,  Thalictrunt 
elatum  ;  (6)  yellow-rooted  meadow-rue,  Thalictrum 
flavum  (both  plants  also  termed  Ruta  de'  prati, 
Pigamo  de'  prati,  Verdemarco).  102.  —  pinoccliina, 
v.  supra  (57).  103.  —  polverina,  wild  blite,  Ama- 
ranthus blitum  (Biedpne).  104.  —  porraia,  turnsole, 
Heliotropium  Europaeum  (Dittamo  salvatico,  Verru- 
caria).  105.  —  della  principessa,  v.  supra  (28). 

106.  —  da  pulci,  (a)  Canadian  fleabane,  Erigeron 
Canadensis ;  (b)  fleawort,  Plantago  arenarta  (Puli- 
caria, Piantaggine  pulicaria);  (c)  common  fleabane, 
Pulicaria  dysenterica.    106  bis.  —  pulla,  duck- weed, 
bemna  minor  (Lente  palustre,  Lenticchia  d'  acqua). 

107.  —  quattrinella,  money-wort,  Lysimachia  nutn- 
mularia  (Borissa).     108.  —  quattrinella  de'  boschi, 
wood  loose-strife  or  yellow  pimpernel,  Lysimachia 
nemorum.     109.  —  querciola,  wall-germander,  7V«- 
crium  chamaedris  (Camedrio,  Calamandra,  Trissag- 
gine).     no.  —  radiola,  polypody  fern,  Polypodium 
vulgare  (Felce  quercina,  Polipodio  comune).    in.  — 
rasata,  v.  supra  (79).     112.  —  regina,  tobacco-plant, 
Nicotiana  tabacum  (Tabacco  comune,  Erba  torna- 
buona).      1 13.    —   renaiola,    common    corn-spurrey, 
Spergula   arvensis  (Spergola   de'  campi).     114.    — 
rogna,    spurge    wart-wort,    Euphorbia    htlioscopia 


ERBACCIA— ERODE 


225 


(Erba  da  volatiche).  115.  —  rugiadosa,  sun-dew, 
Drosera  rotundifolia  (Rosolida).  116.  —  rustica, 
v.  infra  (129).  117.  —  sacra,  v.  supra  (40).  118.  — 
saetta,  (a)  one  of  the  goosefoots,  Chenopodium 
urbicum  (Pie  d'  oca,  Piede  di  amitra)  ;  (&)  common 
dragon,  Arum  dracunculus  (Dragontea);  (c)  lords 
and  ladies,  Arum  maculatunt  (Gichero  comune, 
laro,  Pan  di  serpe)  ;  (d)  common  arrow-head,  Sagit- 
taria  sagittifolia  (Barba  silvana,  Occhio  di  asmo, 
Saetta  di  Ercole).  119.  —  da  saleppe,  salep  orchis, 
v,  Salep,  Orchis  morio  (Zonzelle).  120.  —  di 
S,  Antonio,  European  lead-wort,  Plumbago  Euro- 
Paea  (Piombaggine  europea,  Crepanella,  Dentellaria). 
121.  — di  S.  Barbara,  common  winter-cress,  Barbarea 
%'itlgaris.  122.  —  di  S.  Benedetto,  common  avens, 
Geum  urbanum  (Cariofilata,  Ambretta  salvatica). 
123.  —  di  S.  Cristoforo,  black  bane-berry,  Actaen 
spica ta  (Barba  di  ca pra,  Ci miciaria).  1 24.  —  tl i 
S.  Gerardo,  gout-weed,  Aegopodium  podagraria. 
125.  —  di  S.  Giacomo,  ragwort,  Senecio  jacobaeus 
(Astro  de'  fossi).  126.  —  di  S.  Giorgio,  valerian, 
Valeriana  tf$k:ma/w(Valeriana  medicinale).  127.  — 
di  S.  Giovanni,  (a)  St  John's  wort,  Hypericum  per- 
foratitm  (Iperico)j  (o)  v.  supra  (81);  (c)  v.  supra. 
(21  K).  128.  —  di  S.  Guglietmo,  agrimony,  Agri- 
monia  eupatoria  (Agrimonia  vera).  129.  —  di 
S.  Lorenzo,  (a)  common  comfrey,  Symphytum 
officinale  (Consolida  maggiore,  Soldola,  Borrana 
selvatica,  Erba  rustica)  ;  (b)  common  bugle,  Ajuga 
replans  (Aiuga,  Bugula,  Morella,  Morandola). 
130.  —  di  S.  Maria,  v.  supra  (73  c).  131.  — 
S.  Maria  dei  campi,  pepper-wort,  Lepidium  draba 
(Coccola).  132.  —  di  S.  Pietro,  (a)  rock-samphire, 
Critkmum  mart ti mum  (Bacicci,  Baciglio,  Finocchio 
marino) ;  (b)  German  wound- wort,  Stockys  Ger- 
manica  (Madre  saivia) ;  (c)  sea-holly,  Eryngium 
maritimum  (Eringe  marino).  133.  — di  S.  Roberto, 
herb  Robert,  Geranium  robertianum  (Geranio 
roberziano).  134.  —  di  S.  Rocco,  a  species  of 
elecampane,  Inula  dysenterica.  135.  —  di  S. 
Simone,  common  round-leaved  mallow,  Malva  ro- 
tundifolia (Malva  comune).  136.  —  di  S.  Stefano, 
v.  supra  (74).  137.  —  scopina,  water- violet  or 
feather-foil,  Hottonia  palustris  (Scopa  d'  acqua, 
Fertro  di  padule).  138.  —  sega,  water- horehound, 
Lycopits  Eurofaeus  (Marrubio  acquatico).  139.  — 
sensitiva,  sensitive  plant,  Mimosa  pudica  (La  sensi- 
tiva).  140.  —  seta,  least  chaffweed,  Centunculus 
minimus  (Centonchi).  141.  —  seta  sciatica,  wild 
swallow- wort,  Asclepias  uincitoxicum  (Bozzoli  di 
seta  de'  boschi,  Vinci tossico).  142.  —  siciliana, 
tutsan,  Androsaemumojfficinale(^\\\.\.K  sana).  143.  — 
sofia,  flix-weed  or  hedge- mustard,  Sisymbrium  sophia. 
144.  —  Spagna  coltivata,  v.  supra  (78).  145.  — 
spezie,  fennel-flower,  Nigella  sativa  (Nigella  colti- 
vata, Melanzio  coltivato,  Cominella).  .146.  — starnuta 
or  da  starnutare,  sneezewort,  Achillea  ptarmica 
(Tarmica,  Bottoni  di  argento).  147.  —  stella,  common 
lady's  mantle,  Alchttnilla  vulgaris.  148.  — storna, 
penny-cress,  Thlaspi  ami-use  (T\aspi).  149.  — strega, 
(a)  v.  supra  (47) ;  (£)  annual  mercury,  Mercurialis 
a«»«a(Marcore!la,  Mercorella).  150.  —  tentennina, 
smallest  quaking-grass,  Briza  minor  (Erba  brillan- 
tina).  151.  —  sulla,  French  honeysuckle,  Hedysarum 
coronarium  (Lupinello).  152.  —  terribile,  small  blue 
globe-flower,  Globularia  alyssum  (Globularia  tur- 
bitte,  Sena  falsa).  153.  —  Timotea,  Timothy-grass 
or  meadow  cat's-tail,  Phleum  pratense  (Codolina, 


v.  sufra  (112).  156.  —  tortora,  greater  honey- 
wort,  Cerinthe  major  (Cerinto  maggiore,  Polmonaria 
romana).  157.  —  vescicaria,  bladder  senna,  Colutea 
anWwc^M^Maggerena,  Frascoli  di  botri,  Sena  falsa, 
Sena  nostrale).  158.  —  vetriola,  medicinal  wall- 
pellitory,  Parietaria0/ftctnatis(GiLmbQrosso,  Elsine, 
Muraiola,  Parietaria  medicinale).  159.  —  vetturina, 
metilot,  Melitotus  ^?tc/wa/w(MeIiloto  officinale,  Tri- 
foglio  o<ioroso,  Soffiola,  Guirlandetta  di  campagna). 
160.  —  viperina  comune,  common  viper's  bugloss, 
Echiunt  vulgare  (Buglossa  salvatica).  161.  —  da 
volatiche,  v.  supra  (114).  162.  —  da  zanzare,  gnat- 
wort,  Triumfetta  lappula.  163.  —  zebra,  zebra 
plant,  Maranta  zebrina, 

Erb-accia  /. ;    weed,     -aceo ;    her- 
baceous. 

Erbaggio  m. ;  pot-herbs.     *  =  Erba. 

Erbaio   /;/. ;    ground   full   of  weeds 
grass.     *i.  grass-plot. 


and 


__  r n.  field  of 

corn  intended  to  be  cut  as  grass. 

Erbaiblo  m. ;  hawker  of  vegetables. 
*  gardener. 

Erbario  m. ;  r.  herbarium,  collection  of  dried 
plants.     2.  treatise  on  herbs,  herbal. 

*  Erbata  ;    young  corn   before   it   becomes   dis- 
tinguishable from  grass. 

H. 


Erbatico  m,  ;  right  of  cutting  grass. 

Erbato  ;  covered  with  grass.  Grano  —  ,  corn 
choked  with  grass. 

Erbatura_/I;  time  needed  for  grass  to  grow  long 
enough  to  cut. 

Erb^ttayC;  dim.  vezz.  m  poet,  of  Erba. 

Erbiccidla/;  dim.  Erba,  herb  (medical). 

Erb-icina  or  -inayC;  dim.  Erba,  herb  (culi- 
naryX 

Erbio  m.;  the  metal  erbium,  discovered  in  1844, 
and  named  from  (Ytt)erby,  in  Sweden,  the  locality 
of  the  mineral,  gadolinite,  which  contains  it. 

Erb-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  become  covered 

with  grass. 

Erbive"ndolo  m.  ;  greengrocer. 

Erbivoro  ;  herbivorous,  vegetable-feeding. 

Erbolaio  w.;  herbalist. 

*ErboIato   m.\    i.    pastry  of  herbs,     ii.    herb- 
plaster. 

Erbolinay?;  fine  growth  of  grass,  moss  or  the 
like.  Andar  da  uno  coll'  —  in  mano,  i.e.  with  very 
civil  behaviour,  so  as  to  prepossess  him  favourably. 

Erbdne  m.  ;  =  Erba  greca,  red  clover,  v.  Erba  (59), 

Erbor-are  or  -izzare  ;  to  collect  plants.  Aff. 
-ista  or  -izzatore  collector,  -izzazione. 

Erbbso  ;  grassy. 

Erbuccia  /.;  i.  dim.  and  slightly  spreg.  of 
Erba.  3.  in  //.,  salad-herbs.  3.  fig.  extra  prayers 
beyond  those  prescribed  by  the  Church.  4.  rubbish 
put  into  a  newspaper,  etc.,  to  fill  a  gap. 

Ercinto  ;  Monte  —  ,  the  Harz  (Hercynian) 
mountains. 

Ercolanese  ;  of  Herculaneum,  near  Vesuvius. 

Ercole;  i.  Hercules;  Colonne  d1  —  ,  now  the 
Straits  of  Gibraltar,^-,  the  extreme  limit  attainable. 
2.  the  Hercules  beetle  of  South  America,  Dynastes 
Hercules,  which  is  four  or  five  inches  long. 

Ercolino,  or  a  Ercole  ;  bow-legged,  from  the 
notion  that  this  deformity  is  a  sign  of  strength. 

frculeo  ;  herculean. 
rebo  m.  (Gr.);  the  nether  world. 

Erede  m,  (Ereda)  /  (L.  heres^  pro- 
bable root  ghei)  to  make  a  void,  cp..  Gr. 
X*}pos>  bereaved,  so  that  the  root-sense 
of  heres  is  bereaved)  ;  heir. 

Aff.  Eredit-k,  -are  ind.  eredito,  -aria- 
me'nte,  -ario,  -iera  prospective  heiress. 

EreeyC//.  ;  festival  to  Juno. 

Eremacosia  f.  (Gr.  jjpeV«.  quietly,  itavat?, 
burning);  slow  combustion,  or  gradual  oxidation. 

Eremit-a  m.  (L.,  <C  Gr.  tpTj^tTij?,  <  tp-fj^ov, 
deserted);  hermit.  Aff.  -aggio  hermitage,  -ano 
Augustinian  monk,  -icam^nte,  -ico,  -orio,  -oro  or 
Romit6rio  hermitage. 


m.    (bit,  <  Gr. 


£remo    or    Ermo 
Zpijpos)',   lonely  place. 

*  Ereo  (L.  aereus) ;  brazen. 

Eresl-a/  (L.,<Gr.  , 
to  take);    i.  heresy.     2.  profane  oath. 
Aff.  -area,  arch-heretic. 

*Eret-aggio  w.;  =  Retaggio,  heritage.     * -are  ; 
to  inherit. 

Eretic-accio;  pegg.  of -o.  -ale;  adj.  -al- 
mente  ;  adv.  -amente  ;  like  a  heretic,  -o  adj. 
or  so.;  as  E. 

Eretto ;  part.  Erigere. 

Ere-ttore  m.;  erector.     -zione/;  erection. 

Erfordia ;  Erfurt,  in  Germany. 
tErga/^;  carbonic  oxide  gas. 

Ergastolo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  epyavrripiov,  <  the 
stem  of  epyoi',  work);  convict  prison. 

*  Ergere  ;  contr.  of  Erigere. 

Ergo;  L.  for  therefore.  Venire  all'  — ,  to 
conclude. 

ErgotinayC;  ergotine,  the  principle  contained 
in  ergot  or  spurred  rye,  Ital.  Segale  cornuta, 

EriayC;  pop.  for  Aria,  air. 

Erica/;  (L.) ;  (hot.)  i.  —  comune,  ling,  Calluna 
vulgaris,  also  termed  Scopa  meschina  or  comune, 
Stipa  di  macchia  or  da  bozzoli,  Grecchia,  Surcelli. 
2.  —  baccifera  bianca,  white  crowberry-plant,  Em» 
petrum  album.  3.  —  baccifera  nera,  black  crowberry- 
plant,  Empetrum  nigrum,  4.  —  cenerina,  fine- 
leaved  heath,  Erica  cintrea,  also  termed  Scopa 
cenerina.  5.  —  a  scopa  d'  Irlanda,  Irish  heatn, 
Menziesia  polifolia. 

Eridano  m.\  Eridanus,  ancient  name  of  the  Po. 

Erigere  ind.  erigo  or  ergo,  perf.  eressi,  part. 
eretto  (L.,<^,  out,  regeret  orig,  to  stretch,  cp.  Gr. 
opeyw) ;  to  erect. 

*Erile  (L.  //cr///j);  =  Padronale,  of  the  master. 

Erina/I;  Erin,  Ireland. 


Erinaccidi  m.  pi.  (L.  erinaceus,  hedgehog)  ;  the 
hedgehog  genus. 


Erinn-e,  -i,  or  -idi  f.  pi.  (Gr.);  the 

ures. 

Erineo  m.;  a  blight  on  vines. 

EringeyC  (Eringio  or  Eringo  m.)  (L.  eryngion, 
<Gr.  -fcvyyoy);  (6ot?)  i.  —  montano,  field-eryngo, 
v.  Bocca  (3  a).  2.  —  marino,  sea-holly,  v.  Erba 
(132  c). 

Erinneor  Erinniy:  //.;=  Erine,  the  Furies. 

Erino  ;«.;  (otrf.)  an  Alpine  plant,  Erinus. 

Erisamo,  Erisimo  m.;  (pot.)  treacle-  mustard, 
Erysimum. 

Erismatura/;  a  genus  of  Fuligulae,  sea-ducks. 

Eristico  (Gr.);    i.  contentious.     2.    belonging 
to  the  Megarian  school,  founded  by  Euclid. 
*Eritacow.;  robin. 

Eritema  m.  ;  (med.)  erythema. 

Eritreo  ;  Mare  —  ,  the  Red  Sea. 

Eritrino  m.;  a  tropica!  fresh-water  genus  of 
fishes  of  the  herring  family,  Erythrinns. 

Eritrdsi  f.\  colouring-matter  extracted  from 
rhubarb. 

Eritrdssilow.;(&tf.)coca-shrub,  Erythroxylon 
coca,  the  powdered  leaves  of  which  furnish  the  well- 
known  Peruvian  narcotic,  coca. 

Eritto  m.  ;  i.  glass-shrimp,  Erickthust  a  tropical 
genus  of  stomapods.  2.  the  Thessalian  witch, 
Enchtho. 

Ermay:;  a  square  column  tapering  downwards 
and  surmounted  by  a  head  of  Hermes  or  other  deity 
and  named  accordingly  Erm-apollo,  Ermo-pane, 
Erm-ercole,  etc. 

Ermafrodi-to  ;  hermaphrodite  (animal  or  plant) 
m  which  the  organs  of  both  sexes  exist  in  the  same 
individual.  Afft  -§mo. 

Etym.  L.,  <  Gr.  Hermaphroditus  was  the  son 
of  Hermes  and  Aphrodite  who,  whilst  bathing  in  the 
fountain  Salmacis,  in  Caria,  became  fused  into  one 
with  the  nymph  of  the  fountain  (Ovid,  Metam.  4). 

Erm-arp6crate  m.  ;  bust  of  Hermes  and 
Harpocrates  together,  v.  Erma. 

Ermee  f.  pi.  ;  games  in  honour  of  Hermes. 

Ermellfno(ArmeIIino);;z.;  i.  ermine, 
Mustela  erminea.  2.  (herald.)  white 
field  with  black  spots  or  arrow-points. 
3.  yellowish-white  horse,  with  chestnut 
mane  and  tail.  4.  as  sb.  (bot.)  European 
date-plum,  Diospyros  lotus,  also  termed 
Albero  di  S.  Andrea,  Dattili  di  Trebi- 
sonda,  Legno  santo  nostrale. 

Etym.  Cogn.  bit.  nermellinus,<QM.G.  kar- 
melln  dim.  of  harmo,  weasel,  cp.  A.S.  Aearma, 
Lith.  szarmu,  weasel. 

Ermeneutic-a  f.  (Gr.,  <  epurjvfvs,  <  'Ep^, 
god  of  eloquence)  ;  hermeneutics,  interpretation  esp. 
of  the  Scriptures.     Aff.  -amente,  -o. 
*Ermesino;  v.  Ermisino. 

Ermete  m.;  the  Greek  god  Hermes. 

Ermeticamente  ;  hermetically  (sealed),  so  that 
no  air  can  enter  or  escape. 

"Ermetico;  i.  (medicament)  containing  mercury 
as  one  of  the  ingredients,  ii.  of  a  column,  having 
a  human  head  as  its  capital,  v.  Erma.  iii.  hermetic 
(sealing),  meaning  strictly,  sealing  a  glass  tube  by 
fusing  its  ends. 

Etym,  bit.  hermeticus^  coined  from  Hermes, 
from  the  notion  that  the  great  secrets  of  alchemy 
were  discovered  by  Hermes  Trismegistus,  the  Greek 
name  for  the  Egyptian  god  Thoth. 

Erm-iano,  -iniano  or  -fno;  following  the 
heresy  of_Hermias,  second  century. 

Ermisfno  or  Ormisfno  (Ermesino)  m.\  a  thin 
silk  stuff,  so  named  from  the  island  of  Ormuz  in  the 
Persian  gulf  whence  it  was  first  imported,  a  kind  of 
sarsenet. 

Ermo;  i.  poet,  for  Eremo,  solitary.  2.  as  sb.t 
=  Elmo.  3.  At  D.  Purg.  5.  96,  the  monastery  of 
Camaldoli  in  the  Casentino  is  referred  to;  at  Par. 
21.  up,  that  of  Santa  Croce  di  Fonte  Avellana,  in 
Umbria. 

•Ermo-dattero  or  -dattilo  m.  (L.,<Gr.); 
=  Colchico. 

Ermogeniano;  Codice  —  ,  a  legal  digest  at- 
tributed to  Hermogenianus,  a  jurist  of  the  fourth 
century. 

ErniayC  (L.  hernia^  rupture,  akin  to  kar-(uspex\ 
Gr.  xop-(6)J),  O.H.G.  gam,  A.S.  gearn,  so  that  the 
orig.  sense  is  simply  "gut";  v.  Skeat,  sub  Yarn); 
(ntedC)  hernia. 

Erniaria  f.\  (bot.)  rupture-wort,  Hemiaria 
glabra,  a  species  of  knot-grass. 

Erni-ario;  i.  hernia).  2.  —  -oso.  -6so  ;  person 
with  a  hernia,  -otomiayl;  operation  for  hernia. 

Eroa  ;  L'  eroa,  a  sort  of  elixir,  corr.  of  Fr.  Le 
roi, 

Erdde;  Herod.  Mandare  uno  da  —  a  Pilato, 
i.e.  to  send  him  from  pillar  to  post. 

29 


226 


ERODIO— ESCARA 


Er6dio  m.\  (bot.)v.  Erba  (83). 

Erbe  m.  (L.,<Gr.  jfrcor);  hero. 

Erog-are  ind.  erogo,  Eroghi ;  to 
devote  (money)  to  a  given  purpose. 
Aff.  -Abile,  -azi6ne. 

Eroi-camente;  adv.  -cizzare;  i.  to  make 
into  a  hero.  2.  to  handle  in  heroic  style  (of  com- 
position). 

Eroico;  heroic.  Verso  — ,  heroic  verse,  viz. 
hexameter  in  Latin  or  Greek,  verse  of  eleven  syllables 
in  Italian,  trochaic  of  four  feet  in  German. 

Eroi-cdmico ;  mock-heroic,  -cosatirico ;  part- 
ly serious,  partly  satirical,  -def.]  epistle  in  verse, 
such  as  those  of  Ovid,  -nay!;  heroine,  -satirico; 
i,g,  Erolcosatirico.  -smo  m. ',  as  E. 


high 


?r/  eruppi  erompe'sti,  no 
pass.  part.  ;  to  burst  out. 

Eros-i6ne,  -ivo  (L.,  <  e-rodere,  11.  Rodere); 
as  E. 

Eroso  (L.  aerosus)\  copper  (money). 

Er&strato;  Herostratus,  who  set  fire  to  the 
temple  of  Diana  at  Ephesus. 

Erotic-amente,  -o  (Gr.,  <  ep<os,  love);  as  E. 

Erpet-e  pop.  Erpetre  m.  or./  (Gr.  epirw,  to 
creep) ;  (med.)  herpes.  Aff.  -ico. 

Erpetolog-iay!  (A);  (med.)  study  of  herpes. 
(B)  (Gr.  ipwerav,  snake) ;  study  of  snakes.  Af.  -ico. 

Erpic-amento,  -atore,  -atura;  harrowing,  etc. 

Erpicare  ind.  eVpico  (A)  (It.  erpice) ; 
to  harrow. 

*(B)  intr.  —  Inerpicare,  to  climb  up.     t  =  Strasci- 
care,  to  trail. 

*Erpicatoio  in. ;  a  kind  of  net. 

Erpice  m.  (L.  irpex,  cogn.  L.  rapio, 
Gr.  apird(a>,  to  snatch,  epenTOfim,  to  crop 
grass,  as  cattle  do)  ;  harrow.  Prov. 
Come  disse  la  botta  all'  — ,  senza 
tornata,  as  the  toad  said  to  the  harrow, 
I  hope  you  will  never  come  back,  ap- 
plicable on  the  departure  of  an  un- 
welcome visitor. 

*  Erpicinare  ;=  Erpicare,  to  harrow. 

Erra-b6ndo;  wandering. 

*Erranza  f.;  i.  mistaken  belief,  ii.  state  of 
uncertainty. 

Errare  ittd.  erro  (L.,  cp.  Gothic  airz-jan,  to 
make  to  stray,  Germ,  irren,  to  stray,  and  perhaps 
Gr.  at//-oppos,  going  backward,  n-aXif-opo-os,  starting 
back,  v.  Skeat,  sul  Err);  i.  to  wander.  2.  to  err; 
sometimes  (r.,  —  la  via,  to  lose  the  way.  3.  Pietra 
or  Masso  errante,  (geol.)  erratic  block. 

Errata-corrige  or  Errata/?;  table  of  misprints 
or  mistakes,  errata. 

Erratamente ;  wrongly. 

Erratico;  i.  (med. )  wandering  (pain).  2.  (geol.) 
i.q.  errante,  v.  Errare  (3). 

Errato;  i.  part.  Errare.     2.  containing  an  R. 

Erre  m.  or  f.\  (A)  i.  the  letter  R.  2.  (arch.') 
R-shaped  bracket  or  modillion.  3.  Batter  1'  — ,  to 
sound  one's  Rs. 

(B)  (L.  iter,  cp.  Fr.  e rre,  track  of  a  deer) ;  Per- 
dere  1'  — ,  to  get  drunk.  The  derivation  is  Diez's, 
but  the  phrase  may  very  possibly  merely  refer  to  the 
difficulty  experienced  by  a  drunken  person  in  sounding 
his  Rs. 

*Errino,  Enrino  m.  (Gr.  er,  pu,  nose);  snuff. 

Erro  m. ;  (A)  pop.  for  Errore.  Prov.  Meglio 
per  —  che  per  arri,  better  by  mistake  than  from 
obstinacy. 

*(B)  (Span,  kierro,  <  L.  ferrttm);  hook  for  a 
bucket. 

Errone-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  erroneously,  etc. 

Err6r-e  m.;  as  E.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.t  -etto, 
-uccio  dims. 

Erso  ;  Erse  (language). 

Erta/  (It.  ergere,  erto);  i.  upward 
slope,  esp.  the  road  up  to  S.  Miniato 
at  Florence.  2.  A  pancia  all'  — ,  on 
one's  back,  lit.  with  belly  looking  up- 
wards, usu.  A  pancia  all'  aria.  3.  Stare 
all'  — ,  to  be  on  the  alert,  lit.  to  be 
standing  erect.  4.  Aizzare,  or  Con- 
fortare  i  cani  all'  — ,  i.e.  to  stimulate 
a  person  towards  what  he  is  not  very 
anxious  to  do.  5.  Non  tenere  un  co- 
comero  all'  — ,  i.e.  to  be  unable  to  keep 


a  secret.  6.  Tante  son  1'  erte  quante 
sono  le  chine,  every  ascent  has  its 
descent,  i.e.  there  are  two  sides  to 
everything. 

Ert-am^nte,  -6zza  ;  v.  Erto. 

Erto ;  part.  Erigere.    As  adj.,  steep. 

•i.    upright,     ii.    Poggiare   sull'   — ,    to   have  a 
igh  situation,  fig.  to  be  sublime.    As-rfl.:  ui.  =  Erta, 
scent,     iv.    the  visible  part  of  a  building,  not  the 
foundations. 

Erubescente  (L.);  blushing. 
Eruca/I;  i.  (W.)  salad  rocket,  Eruca  sativa, 
usu.   Ruchetta.     2.  =  Bruco,  grub,  esp.   that   of  the 
white  cabbage-butterfly,  Pieris  brtissicae. 
Erudimento  m.',  teaching. 
Erud-ire  imi.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  parts,  -iente  -ito 
(L.,  v.   Rude);   to  teach. 

Erudit-amente,  -o;  as  E. 
Erudizi6n-e/;  as  E.     Aff.  -cella,  dim. 

*  Erunn-ay^  (L.  aervmna);  affliction.    Aff.  -oso. 

Erutt-are  (L.,  v.  Rutto) ;  i.  of 
volcanoes,  to  erupt.  2.  =  Ruttare,  to 
belch.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Eruttivo  (coined  from  L.  eruptus) ; 
(med.)  eruptive. 

Eruzi6ne  /  (L.) ;  eruption. 

Ervo  m.  (L.  ermtm,  akin  to  Gr.  opogos,  epe- 
/3iK«os,  O.H.G.  ora7i-«i,>Germ.  .£>&<•) ;  =  Veggiola, 
vetch, 

Esacerb-are  ind.  esacerbo  (L.);  to  embitter. 
Aff.  -amento,  -azione. 

Esacdrdo  m. ;  (»tus.)  instrument  of  six  strings. 

Esaedro  tn. ;  {math.)  solid  with  six  faces. 

Esager-are  ind.  esagero  (L.,<^jr,  aggfrt  heap, 
root  ng,  to  bring) ;  to  exaggerate. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atiira,  -atnce, 
-azione,  -one  person  who  exaggerates  habitually. 

*  Esagio  «/. ;  the  L.  exagium,  accurate  weighing, 
<fjf,  ago;  the  weighing  having  been  applied  to  the 
solidus,  which  if  of  full  weight  was  the  sixth  of  an 
uncia,  the  word  came  to  signify  in  Italian  the  sixth 
of  an   ounce,  somewhat   as   Saggio   came  to  mean 
sample. 

*  Esagitare  (L.  exagitare);  to  agitate  greatly. 

*  Esagoge  f.  (Gr.  e|ay<u-yij) ;  export  duty. 
Esag6n-o  m.  (Gr.);  hexagon.     Aff.  -ale. 

Esal-are  ind.  esato  (Essalare)  (L.  c.r, 

halare,    to    breathe,    v.    Alito)  ;     i.    to 

exhale ;    -  -   1'   anima,   to   die.     2.  fig. 

-  1'  ira,  to  give   vent  to  one's  rage. 

*to  breathe  freely. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  *-atoio  =  Sfiatatoto,  hole 
in  a  roof  for  escape  of  smoke,  *-atore  i.q.  -atoio, 
*-atoretto  dim.,  -azione. 

*  Esaldire  ;=  Esaudire,  to  hearken  to. 

*  Esalo  ft. ;  =  Esalazione. 

Esalt-are  (L.,<«,  altus,  high);  i.  to  exalt. 
2.  -arsi,  to  become  excited.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azione. 

Esam-e  in. ;  examination.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg. 

*  Esamerone  m.  (Gr.  l( ,  V»P») !   space  of  six 
days. 

Esametro  m.  (L.) ;  hexameter. 
Esamin-abile ;  v.  -are.     -ando  m. ; 
candidate. 

Esamin-are  ind.  esamino  (L.,  < 
examen,  consideration,  lit.  the  tongue 
of  a  balance,  <  ex,  ago,  to  drive) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -atdre,  -atrice. 

Esam-6ne  m.  •  augm.,  splendid  ex- 
amination, -uccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg., 
wretched  examination. 

Esangue  (L.  exsangnis) ;  bloodless, 
pale. 

Esanimare  ind.  esanimo;  =  Disani- 
mare,  to  exhaust,  dishearten. 

Esanime  (L.  exanimis) ;  lifeless. 

Esant^maw.  (Gr.  (£avOr)iia);  (med.) 
eruption. 


Esarca    m.    (Gr.    (£apxos,    leader) ; 

1.  Exarch,  viceroy  of  north  Italy  under 
the  Byzantine  empire,  resident  at  Ra- 
venna.     2.     (eccl.)    dignitary    next    in 
standing  to  patriarch. 

Esarcato  m.  (Esarchia  /.)  dignity  of 
Exarch  or  the  province  ruled  by  him. 

•Esarcia/  (Gr.  t£ttp*>;s,  sufficient);  outfit  of  a 
ship. 

•Esarco   m. ;    i.    officer  in   the   ancient    Roman 
militia,     ii.  =  Esarca.     iii.  head  of  a  religious  Order. 
Esasper-amento,  -are,  -azi6ne ;  exaspera- 
tion, etc.  (L.  exasperare,<ex,  asper,  rough). 

Esastico  (Gr.  ef,  0-70^x05,  row);  i.  (bat.)  with 
grains  in  six  lines  as  in  Hordeum  hexastickitm. 

2.  sb.,  stanza  of  six  lines. 

Esastilo  (Gr.  e'f,  o-TuAo?,  pillar);  six-columned. 
Esatt-amente,  -ezza;  exactly,  etc. 
Esatto  ;  part.  Esigere.     As  adj.,  exact. 

Esatt6re  m.  (L.  exactor)  ;  tax- 
collector. 

Esattoria  /  ;  tax-collector's  office. 

Esaud-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  exaudire) ; 
i.  to  grant  a  prayer.  2.  to  finish  a 
job.  Aff.  -ibile,  -ime'nto,  -it6re,  -itrice. 

Esaur-fbile,  -im^nto ;  v.  -ire. 

Esaur-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  esaurii, 
pres.  part,  esauriente,  pass.  part,  esau- 
ri'to  and  esausto  but  not  indifferently, 
v.  infra  (L.  ex,  haurire,  to  draw  water); 
to  exhaust.  As  regards  the  pass.  part. 
Petrocchi  has  the  following  instances : 
Edizione  -ita  (never  esausta),  sold  out ; 
Erario  esausto,  exhausted  Treasury  (not 
-ito).  With  the  word  denari,  Esausto 
di  or-ilo  a  denari,  with  money  all  gone. 
With  Forze  or  Mente,  usage  is  in- 
different ;  Esausto  or  -ito  di  forze,  di 
mente,  worn  out.  Similarly,  Mente 
esausta  or  -ita.  Sorgente  esausta  (not 
-ita),  dried  up  spring,  usu.  secca.  E  -ito, 
he  is  used  up,  either  in  regard  to  strength 
or  to  money.  An  author  who  is  used 
up  but  continues  writing  worthless 
matter  is  -ito.  Similarly,  -ite  tutte  le 
operazioni,  le  proposte,  le  pratiche,  le 
indagini,  the  operations,  proposals,  ne- 
gotiations, enquiries  having  been  ex- 
haustively dealt  with. 

Esausto  ;  part.  Esaurire,  q.v. 

Esautor-are  ind.  esautoro  (L.  ex- 
auctorare) ;  to  withdraw  or  diminish  the 
powers  or  authority  of  a  magistrate,  an 
institution,  an  employe",  etc.  -arsi,  to 
lose  authority.  Con  le  sue  buffonate  si 
esautero  da  se  stesso,  he  destroyed  his 
own  authority  by  his  tomfooleries.  Aff. 
-azione. 

Esazidne  f.  (L.  exactio)  ;  =  Riscossi- 
one,  collection. 

Esca/  (L.  esca,  for  **ed-sca,<edere, 
to  eat,  root  ed);  I.  food.  2.  bait. 
3.  tinder.  4.  —  da  pesci,  (hot.')  wood- 
spurge,  v.  Erba  (67). 

Escaiolo  m. ;  seller  of  a  kind  of 
tinder  for  flint-lock  guns. 

Escandescfenza/  (L. excandescentia, 
<ex,  candesco,  to  glow,  <  the  stem  of 
candidus) ;  firing  up  in  anger. 

Escara  (Eschera)  /  (Gr.  (V^a'pa 
fire-place) ;  (med.)  eschar,  black  slough 
over  a  wound,  after  cauterisation,  etc. 


ESCAROTICO— ESORCISMO 


227 


Escardtico;  (med.)  escharotic,  caustic. 

*  Escato  w. ;  place  where  bait  is  laid  for  birds. 
Escav-are  (L.);=Scavare,  to  excavate.      Aff. 

•azione. 

*  Escecarsi  ;  =  Accecarsi,  to  blind  oneself. 
Escerti   m.  pi.  (L.  excerpti);  selections,  ex- 
cerpts. 

*  Escesso  m.  (L.);  crime.    —  di  mente,  ecstasy. 
•Escettare  (L,);  to  exclude,  except,  single  out. 
•Eschera;  v.  Escara. 

*  Eschermidore  m. ;  =  Schermidore,  fencer. 

*  Esc hett a  f.  •  dim.  Esca,  bait. 

*  Eschifare  ;  =  Schifarc,  to  shun. 
Eschimesi  m.  pi. ;  the  Esquimaux. 
Eschio,    Escolo,    Esculo,    Ischio    11.    (L. 

aesculus);  (bot.)  a  species  of  oak  with  edible  acorns, 
Quercvs  aesculus,  also  termed  Querce  gentile. 

•Eschivare;  =  Schivare,  to  avoid. 

*Esciame  ffr.;  =  Sciame,  swarm. 

*Escidio  m.  (L.  excidium);  destruction. 

•Escindere  (L.);  to  cut  out. 
Escire ;  v.  Uscire. 

Escfta  f. ;  i.  pop.  for  Uscita,  way 
out.  2.  extraordinary  thing  to  say. 
3.  sally  of  wit.  4.  rude  observation. 

*end  of  the  lunar  month.  Prov.  AH'  —  brache  e 
camicia,  e  all'  entrata  la  rocca  e  inconocchiata,  shirt 
and  breeches  at  the  end  of  a  moon,  but  at  the 
beginning  we  fill  the  distaff,  alluding  to  the  popular 
belief  that  females  are  born  at  the  time  of  a  new 
moon,  males  under  a  waning  one. 

Escitaccia/?;  fegg.  Escita  (4). 
*Escitare  (L.);  to  excite. 

Esclam-are,  -ativo,  -azione;  to  exclaim,  etc. 

Esclu-dere/«/C  -si,  fart,  -so  (L.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-sione. 

Esclusiva  /  ;  i.  Avere  1'  — ,  to  be 
excluded.  2.  right  of  veto  in  the 
sovereigns  of  certain  states  in  relation 
to  Papal  elections.  3.  Pretendere  all'  — 
d'  una  qualita,  to  assert  an  exclusive 
claim  to  it ;  Pretende  costui  all1  —  di 
galantuomo,  that  man  thinks  no  one  is 
a  man  of  honour  except  himself. 

Esclus-iyamente,  -ivismo,  -ivita,  -ivo, 
-6rio ;  exclusively,  etc. 

Escogit -are  ind.  esc5gito (L.) ;  to  devise.  Aff. 
-abile,  -azione. 

Escolo;  v.  Eschio. 

Escori-are  ind.  escorio,  esc&ri  (L.,  <  ex, 
corium,  skin) ;  to  excoriate.  Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Escreato  m.  CL.,<ex,  smart,  to  clear  the 
throat,  akin  to  cernrre,  to  separate);  (med.)  = 
Spurge,  expectoration. 

Escrem6nt-o  m. ;  excrement.     Aff.  -izio. 

Etym.  L.  excrementum,  <  excrettts,  fart,  of 
excernere,<ex,  cernere,  to  sift.  The  root  is  krei, 
to  separate,  cp.  Gr.  npivta,  to  judge,  L.  cribrum, 
sieve,  A.S.  hriildel,  sieve ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Riddle 
(sieve). 

Escrescenza /?  (L.);  excrescence. 

Escre-t6re  or  -torio;  (anat.)  excretory. 

Escrezidney;;  excretion. 

*  Escubie  /.  ft.  (L.  excubiae,  <  excubo,  to  lie 
out  of  doors):    sentinels. 

*  Escudo  m. ;  a  Spanish  coin  of  about  2  lire. 
Esculento  (L.,  v.  supra,  Esca);   eatable,  es- 
culent. 

Esculo;  v.  Eschio. 

Escursion-e  f.  (L.);  i.  excursion.  2.  raid. 
Aff.  -ista. 

Escussi6ne/T;  v.  Escutere. 

Escutere  perf.  escutei,  part,  escusso  (leg.)\ 
i.  to  examine  the  records  against  a  person,  the 
French  compulser.  2.  to  interrogate  (witnesses). 

Esecr-4bile,  -abilita,  -abilminte,  -ando, 
-are  ind.  esecro,  -azione ;  execrable,  etc.  (L.  fxt- 
crari,  for  exsecrari,  to  curse  greatly,  <  ex,  sacrare, 
to  consecrate,  also  to  declare  accursed,  <  sactr, 
sacred,  also  accursed). 

Esecutiv-o;  executive.     Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Esecu-t6re  m. ;  i.  executer.  2.  ex- 
ecutor. 3.  executioner.  4.  (rnus.) 
executant.  5.  in  pi.,  officers  for  carry- 
ing out  the  orders  of  a  tribunal.  6.  a 
minister  of  the  Florentine  republic. 

Esecutbria/;  authority  for  carrying 
out  a  decree,  or  the  document  containing 
such  authority,  writ. 

Esecutorio  ;  Decreto  — ,  decree  of 
execution. 


Esecutrice,/;  executrix. 
EsecuzidneyC;  as  E. 

Esedra  (Essedra)  /.  (Gr. 
saloon, <«|,  (Spa,  a  seat);  i.  debating- 
room  of  the  ancients.  2.  the  name  of 
a  covered  colonnade  at  the  top  of  the 
Via  Nazionale,  in  Rome. 

Esege-si  or  Eseg&si  /  (Gr.) ;  exe- 
gesis, exposition  of  an  ancient  author, 
esp.  of  the  Bible.  Aff.  -ta,  expounder, 
-tico  adj. 

Esegui-bile,  -bilita,  -mento ;  v.  Eseguire. 

Esegu-ire  (Esseguire)  ind.  -isco  (not 
in  analogy  with  Seguire,  where  the  ind. 
is  seguo)  perf.  eseguii,  part,  eseguito, 
imperative  eseguisci  (L.  exsequf) ;  to 
execute. 

Esempietto  «/. ;  dim.  Esempio. 
Esempigrazia  or  Esempligrazia  (L.) ;  for 
instance. 

Esempino  m. ;  dim.  vezz,  Esempio. 

Esempi-o  (Essempio)  m.  (L.  ex- 
e>nplum,<eximere,<ex;  emere,  orig.  to 
take ;  for  the  suffix  v.  -plo,  infra  in 
loco ;  the  root  of  emere  occurs  in  other 
languages,  e.g.  Irish  air-ema,  let  him 
take  ;  Lith.  imit,  take) ;  example,  in- 
stance. Aff.  -uccio,  dim.  spreg. 

EsemplaT-e;  i.  adj.  exemplary.  As 
sb. :  2.  copy  of  a  rare  book  or  print,  or 
book  by  a  rare  author.  3.  model  of 
style  ;  Studiare  gli  -i  classic!,  to  study 
the  classical  models.  4.  copy-book  for 
learning  to  write. 

*  Esemplare    (Assemplare,    Asemprare,    Assem- 
prare) ;   i.    to  portray,     ii.    to  copy. 

Esemplar-ita,  -mente  ;  v.  -e  adj. 
Esemplific-are  ind.  esemplinco;  as  E.     Aff, 
-ativo,  -azione. 

Esent-are  ind.  esento ;  i.  to  exempt. 
2.  -arsi,  to  excuse  oneself  (from  some 
undertaking  or  expense).  3.  at  the 
game  of  Briscola,  -arsene,  to  refuse  to 
take  a  trick. 

Esente  (L.  exemplns,  v.  Esempio) ; 
exempt.  Aff.  Esenzi6ne. 

Esequie  (Essequie)  /  pi.  (L.  ex- 
sequiae) ;  funeral  honours. 

Esercente  ;  practising. 

Esercit-are  ind.  escrcito  (Essercitare)  (L.,  v. 
Esercito) ;  to  practise.  Aff.  -abile,  -ame*nto,  -at<5re, 
-atrice,  -azione. 

Esercit-o  m.  (L.  exercitus,  part,  of 
exerceo,<ex,  arceo,  to  enclose,  so  that 
exercere  was  lit.  to  drive  out  of  an  en- 
closure, hence  to  set  at  work,  to  train  ; 
v.  Area) ;  army.  Aff.  -uccio,  dim. 

Esercizio  m.  (L.  exerdtiuin) ;  exer- 
cise, practice,  drill. 

* Eseredare  (L.);  to  disinherit. 

Esergo  m.  (Gr.  «£ ,  tpyov,  work) ;  the  space  on 
the  reverse  of  a  coin,  below  the  main  device,  often 
rilled  up  by  the  date,  etc. :  it  is  also  termed  exergue 
in  English. 

Eserinayi;  esserine,  v.  Esero. 

Esero  m.  (native  name) ;  seed  of  the  Calabar 
bean,  Pkysostignta  fabn,  the  alkaloid  of  which  is 
used  in  solution  by  oculists  to  contract  the  pupil  of 
the  eye. 

*  Eserto  (L.  exsertus) ;  projecting  (tooth). 
•Esguardare;  —  Guardare,  to  look. 

Esib-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  i.  1o  ex- 
hibit. 2.  to  offer,  -irsi,  to  offer  one's 
services. 


or  other  small  document  relative  to  a 
case.     2.   fee  incidental  thereto. 

Esibi-tdre  »/.,  -trice  _/;  i.  exhibitor.  2,«= 
Latore,  bearer  of  a  letter. 

Eaibizi6ney;  ;  i.  v.  Esibita.     2.  v.  Esibire  (2). 

*  Esicio  w.',—  Esizio,  ruin. 

Esig^nza/;  exigency. 

Esig-ere  ind.  esi'go  esi'gi,  perf.  esig^i 
<?resigetti  esigdsti,/arA  esatto  (L.,<ex, 
agere)  ;  i.  to  require.  2.  to  collect 
(dividends).  Aff.  -ibile,  -ibilita. 

Esfglio  ;  v.  Esilio. 

Esigu-ita,  -o  (L.);  exiguity,  etc.,  v.  Esile, 
etytn. 

Esilar-are  ind.  esflaro  (L.,  v.  Hare); 
to  exhilarate.  Aff.  -amento. 

Esile;   i.  thin,  slender.     2.  weak. 

Etym.  L.  exilis,  meagre,  <  tx,  ago,  through  a 
form  **exigilis,  so  that  the  primary  meaning  would 
be  that  of  '  '  accurately  weighed  out,  '  and  so  skimped, 
cp.  fxipuus,  small.  V.  supra,  Esagio. 

Esili-are  vb.,  -o  sb.  ;  to  exile,  etc.  (L.,  v. 
Esule). 

Esilitk  f.  ;  thinness,  weakness. 

*  Esimare  ;  for  Estimare. 

Esimere  ind.  eslmo,  thefer/.  *esim-ei  or  *-etti 
is  not  now  used,  pres.part.  -ente,  there  is  no  pass. 
part.  (L.  exintere,  v.  Esempio)  ;  =  Esentare. 

Esimio  (L.  eximius,  orig.  selected, 
viz.  for  sacrifice,  v.  Esempio)  ;  dis- 
tinguished, first-rate. 

*  Esimo  ?«.  ;  ~  Ragguaglio,  Compute. 

*  Esinanire  (L.,<fx,  iitam's);  lit.  to  reduce  to 
nothing  ;  hence,  to  humiliate. 

Esiodeo  ;  of  Hesiod. 

Esist-enza/C;  -ere  vb.,  perf.  esist-ei  or  -etti 
-6sti  -ette  or  -e,  parts,  -ente  -ito  (L,..<ex.  stare)', 
asE. 

Esitdbile  ;  marketable. 

Esit-are  ind.  esito  (A)  (It.  esito)  ;  to 
sell. 

(B)  (L.  liaesitare,  freq.  of  haereo,  to 
stick)  ;  to  hesitate.  Aff.  -anza,  -azione, 
the  difference  of  the  two  being  that 
-anza  is  momentary. 

Esito  m.  (L.  exitus,<ex,  ire)  ;  i.  sale, 
implying  numerous  purchasers.  2.  re- 
sult, outcome.  3.  =  Scioglimento,  de"- 
nouement  of  a  play.  *  =  Uscita,  way 
out. 

Esizi-ale  ;  fatal.     *-o  sb.  ruin  (L. 

eccidium). 

Eslege  (L.  exlex)  ;  without  laws. 

*  Esmattare  ;  to  kill. 

*  Esodiario  in.  ;  player  in  the  Esodio. 
•Esodio,  Essodio  m.  (L.);  i.  comic  after-piece 

following  an  ancient  tragedy,     ii.   the  concluding 
pan  of  the  play  itself. 

Esodo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.)  ;  i.  exodus. 
2.  song  after  a  banquet  in  ancient 
Greece.  3.  concluding  part  of  a  Greek 
tragedy. 

Esbfago  m.  (Gr.  oia-a,  fut.  of  **oio>, 
to  carry,  <pay-,  eating)  ;  (anat.)  oeso- 
phagus, gullet. 

Esogamia  /  (Gr.  ?£<u,  outside,  ya- 
pfiv)  ;  tribal  law  prohibiting  marriage 
of  two  persons  of  the  same  tribe. 

*Esoleto(L.  exoletus  )  ;  =  Disusato,  obsolete. 
'Esondare  (L.,<fx,  much,  unda,   wave);   to 
overflow. 

Esoner-are  ind.  eionero  (L.)  ;  to  release,  -arsi, 
to  get  quit  (of). 

EsopiAno  ;  of  Esop. 

Esorbitan-te,    -temente,    -za  ;    as   E.    (L., 


....  .  f.  Skeat,  sub  Exorbitant). 

EsiDlta/   (leg,)\    \.   exhibit,  receipt  Esorc-ismo,  -ista,  -istato,  -istico;».  -iware. 


29  —  2 


228 


ESORCIZZARE— ESTENSO 


Esorcizi-are (late  L.,  <  Gr.,  <  e?,  op«o«,  path); 
to  exorcise;  the  third  of  the  minor  orders  in t the 
Roman  church  is  the  Esorcistato,  that  of  the  exorcists. 
Aff.  -atore. 

Esdrdi-o  m,  (I,.,  v.  Orditura) ;  exordium. 
Aff.  -etto,  -no  dims.,  -one  augtit. 

E§ord-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  begin 
speaking.  2.  to  make  one's  first  ap- 
pearance on  the  stage. 

Esordiuccio  m.\  dim.  spreg.  Esordio. 

ESornativo  ;  ornamental  (figures  of  rhetoric). 

Esort-are  ind.  esurto  ;  to  exhort.  Aff.  -ativo, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -at&rio,  -azioncella  dint.,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.  exhortari,  <  ex,  much,  hortari,freq. 
of  koriri,  to  encourage;  the  root  i&gherei,  to  desire; 
cp.  Sanskr.  haryati,  he  likes,  Gr.  j^aipta.  to  rejoice, 
O.H.G.  geron,  >  Germ,  begehren,  to  desire,  O.H.G. 
and  Germ,  gem,  with  pleasure,  A.S.  giernan,  to 
desire,  E.  yearn  ;  v,  Skeat,  sub  Hortatory,  Yearn  (i). 

*  Esorto  m.  (L.  exortus)\  rising,  of  a  star. 
EsdsmosiJ^;  v,  Endosmosi. 

Es6so  (L.  exosus,<.ex,  much,  osus, 
part,  of  odi%  to  hate) ;  detestable. 

Esbstosi  /  (Gr.  tgoo-Toxrts)  ;  (med.) 
exostosis,  morbid  enlargement  ofa  bone. 

*  Esostra  f.   (Gr.    e£wcrTpa,< wfle'w,   to    push); 
bridge  dropped  from  a  besiegtng-tower  on  to  the  city 
wall. 

Esoterico  (Gr.,  <  eo-wTcpos,  comparative  of 
€(ri»),  within) ;  esoteric,  as  opposed  to  Essoterico 
(<  e£w,  without)  exoteric,  popular. 

Es6tic-o  (Gr.  cfwTtJto?) ;  exotic.     Aff.  -ita. 

Espada  m.\  Spanish  for  bull-fighter  armed  with 
a  sword. 

Espandere  Perf.  espandei,  fart,  espanso  (L., 
•<  ex,  pande re,  to  spread  out,  a  causal  from  patere, 
to  He  open  ;  root/.?/,  cp.  Gr.  ITITPWII,  to  spread  out); 
to  spread,  to  extend.  Aff.  Espans-lbile,  -ibilita, 
•i(5ne,  -ivo. 

Espanso ;  part.  Espandere. 

Espatriare ;  to  banish. 

Espediente ;  as  E. 

*  Espedire  ;  — Spedire  or  Sbrigare,  to  despatch. 
Espellere /«??/;  espulsi  espellesti  espulse  espell- 

e"mmo  espelle'ste  espulsero,  part,  espulso  (L.);  to 
expel ;  the  word  is  little  used  in  the  pres.  and 
imperf.  tenses,  except  in  a  medical  sense. 

*  Espendio  m. ;  expenses. 

Esperiayl;  (ancient  geogr.)  Hesperia,  i.e.  for 
the  Greeks,  Italy;  for  the  Italians,  Spain. 

Esperide/^;  i.  (bat.)  rocket;  Hesperis,  a  genus 
of  Cruciferae .  2.  in//.,  Hespendes,  the  Islands  of 
the  Blest. 

Esperienz-a,/C;  i.  as  E.  2.  experiment.  Aff. 
-uccia  dim. 

Esperiment-ale,  -are;  =  Speriment-ale,  -are. 

Esperiment-at6re,  -atrice  ;  as  E. 

Esperime'nto  tn.  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  in  pi., 
public  displays  given  by  pupils  at  the  end  ofa  school 
year.  3.  —  Saggio,  example  of  a  person's  proficiency, 
e.g.  in  music. 

Esperire  ;  (leg.)  to  make  use  of. 
fEsperlin  ;  v.  Sargo  (i). 

Espero  m. ;  Hesperus,  as  a  name  for  the  evening 
star. 

Espert-o(L.);  expert.    Aff.  -amente. 

*  Espetibile  (L.  expetibilis,  <expeto)\  desirable. 
*Espetto  w.;  =  Aspetto,  appearance. 

Espettor-are  ind.  espe'ttoro  (L.);  to  expec- 
torate. Aff.  -azione. 

Espi-are  ind.  espio  (A)(L.,  <  ex,  much,  ^  fare, 
to  propitiate,  <,pius) ;  to  expiate.  *  to  purify, 
(B);=Spiare.  Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-at6rio,  -azione. 

*  Espicare;=Ripescare,  Ricercare. 
Espil-are  ind.  espilo  (L.  expilare,  to  pillage); 

to  commit  a  series  of  petty  frauds  upon  (trust 
property,  or  public  funds).  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice, 
•azi<5ne. 

Espir-are  ind.  espiro  (L.);  to  breathe  out. 
*i,  to  exhale,  ii.  to  die.  Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Espletivo  (L.);  (gram.)  enclitic  added  for 
emphasis,  e.g.  -ti  in  Eccoti  che  mi  vien  davanti 
costui,  now  just  look,  here  the  fellow  comes. 

Esplic  -abile,  -are  ind.  espHco,  -ativo, 
-azi6ne  ;  explicable,  etc. 

Esplicit-o  (L.  explicitus,  variant  of  explicatus, 
Part,  of  explicare,  <  ex,  out,  plicare,  <pltca,  fold  ; 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Ply);  explicit.  Aff.  -amente. 

Esplddere  perf.  espl&si  esplodesti  esplose,  part. 
esplbso  (L.  explodere,  to  drive  oflfthe  stage  by  noise, 
<iex,  plodere,  old  form  of  plaudere,  to  clap  the 
hands);  i.  to  explode.  2.  tr.  to  fire  (a  gun),  to 
explode  (an  error). 

Esplor-abile,  -are  ind.  esploro,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -azi6ne;  as  E. 

Etym.  L.  ex-plorare,  to  investigate,  to  ascer- 
tain by  enquiry ;  but  if  that  word  is  from  ex  and 


plorare,  it  is  impossible  to  account  satisfactorily  for 
its  meaning,  since  plorare  means  "to  wail,"  whilst 
its  connections  are  as  given  below  sub  Implorare.  It 
would  therefore  seem  that  explorare  was  formed  by 
way  of  contrast  to  implorare,  rather  than  directly 
from  ex  and  plorare. 

Esplos-i6ne,  -ivo,  -o  ;  v.  Esplodere. 
*Espogliare  (Espoliare) ;  i.  -Spogliare,  to  un- 
dress,    ii.  fig.  to  depopulate. 

Esponente  ;«.;  i.  (math.)  exponent.  2,  (leg.) 
petitioner. 

Esponibile  adj.;  v.  Esporre. 

Espdrre  ind.  espongo  esponi  espone 
esponidmo  or  esponghiamo  espone'te 
esp6ngono,/^r/!esp6si  espondsti  espose, 
fut.  esporr6,/#r/.y.  esponendo  esponente 
esposto  (L.  exponere) ;  I.  to  expose. 
2.  to  say,  to  set  out.  3.  to  give  a 
lecture  upon,  expound. 

Esport-are  ind.  esporto  (L.)  ;  to 
export.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Espositiv-o ;  explanatory.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Esposi-t6re  m.,  -trice  /;  i.  ex- 
pounder. 2.  exhibitor. 

Esposizion-e/;  i.  exhibition.  2.  ex- 
posure, aspect.  3.  exposition,  explana- 
tion. Aff.  -cella  dim.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Espdsto  ;  part,  of  Esporre. 
Espressamente  ;  expressly. 
Espressi6neyi;  as  E. 
EspressivayC;  faculty  of  expression. 
Espressiv-o;  expressive.     Aff.  -amente. 
Espresso  ;    i.  part,  of  Esprimere.     2.   as  sb., 
express  messenger. 

Esprlm-ere  perf.  espressi,  part. 
espresso  (L.,<^^r,  premere,  to  press); 
to  express.  Aff.  -fbile. 

*  Esprobare  (L.  exprobrare)  ;  to  reprove. 
*Espromere  defect,  vb.  occurring  only  in  infin. 

and  3rd  pres.  ind.  (L. ,  <  ex,  pro,  emere*  to  take) ;  to 
put  forth. 

*  Espromissione/;  (leg.)  a  form  of  guarantee 
which  discharged  the  person  originally  liable,  from 
his  liability. 

Espropri-are  ind.  esproprio  (mlt.,<L.  ex, 
proprius)\  as  E.  Aff.  -azione. 

Espugn-are;  to  take  by  storm.  Aff.  -abile, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Espuls-i6ney:,  -ivo  as  E.;  -o part.  Espellere. 

Espungere  ind.  espungo  espungi,/^^/!  espunsi 
espungesti,  part,  espunto  (L.,  <ex,  out,  pungere,  to 
prick;  in  MSS.  expunction  of  a  word  is  denoted  by 
dots  under  it) ;  to  expunge. 

Espurg-are  (L.,  v.  Purgare);  i.  to  disinfect, 
to  clean.  2.  to  expurgate.  Aff.  -abile. 

EsquiHno  ;  one  of  the  hills  of  Rome.  Etym. 
ex,  coJo,  to  inhabit. 

Essa  ;  she.     Essalei ;  she  herself.      V.  Esso. 

*  Essalare;—  Esalare,  to  exhale. 

£sse/!  sometimes  m. ;  the//,  is  Esse  or  Essi ;  S. 

*  Essedo  (L.  essedum,  of  Gaulish  origin) ;  war- 
chariot. 

*Ess-edra,  *-eguire,  *-empio;  v.  Es-edra, 
-eguire,  ecc. 

Essendoche  or  Essendo  che  ;  inasmuch  as. 

Essenio ;  the  Essenes  were  a  small  religious 
fraternity  among  the  ancient  Jews  leading  retired 
ascetic  lives  and  holding  property  in  common. 

Essenz-a  A  (L.  essentia)<.esset  to  be);  essence. 
Aff.  -iale,  -ialminte. 

*Ess-equie,  *-ercitare;  v.  Es-equie,  -ercitare. 

Essere  ind.  sono  or  son  s^i  or  se'  e  siamo  Pop. 
sidmo  siete  sono  or  pop.  enno,  imperf.  ero  or  liter. 
era  eri  era  eramo  or  liter,  eravamo  eri  or  liter. 
eravate  erano,  perf.  fui  fosti  fu  fummo  foste  furono, 
fut.  sar6  sarai  sara  saremo  sarete  saranno,  imperat. 
sii  sfa  siamo  siate  siano,  subj.  sia  sia  sia  siamo  Mate 
siano  or  sometimes  sieno,  imperf.  subj.  fossi  fossi 
fosse  fosslmo  foste  fossero,  cond.  sarei  saresti  sarebbe 
saremmo  sareste  sarebbero,  gerund,  essendo  often 
contr.  to  sendo,  no  pres.  part.,  past  part,  stato, 
really  the  past  part,  of  Stare  (bit.  e$sere,<  L.  esse, 
root  as,  becoming  es  in  the  European  branch  of  the 
Indogerm.  races,  cp.  Germ,  sein,  so  far  as  regards 
the  infmitive  mood,  present  indicative  and  subjunc- 
tive, imperfect  indicative,  and  future ;  the  perfect 
and  the  imperfect  subjunctive  correspond  to  L. 
**_fuere,  and  some  of  the  obsolete  forms  to  parts 
of  L.  fieri,  to  become,  the  root  of  which  as  well 
as  of  **fuere  is  bheu,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Be) ;  to  be.  The 


verb  is  sometimes  singular  with  a  plural  subject ;  In 
Firenze  c'  e  poch!  soldati,  there  are  few  soldiers  in 
Florence.  In  mercato  c'  e  molti  polli,  there  are  many 
fowls  in  the  market.  Farei  questa  spesa  ma  non 
c'  e  quattrini,  I  would  incur  this  expense  but  the 
money  is  not  forthcoming. 

Phrases:  i.  —  con  alcuno  di  ...,  to  confer  with 
him  about  ... ;  Io  non  vi  posso  dir  nulla  ;  siatene  con 
mio  padre,  I  cannot  tell  you  anything;  you  must  see 
my  father  about  it.  2.  —  in  due,  tre,  ecc.,  to  be 
one  of  that  number;  Non  si  pu6  giuocare  la  cala- 
bresella  se  non  siamo  almeno  in  tre,  we  cannot  play 
at  Calabresella  unless  there  are  at  least  three  of  us. 
3.  —  per,  to  be  about  to  do ;  Son  per  fare  un  viaggio, 
I  am  going  on  a  journey.  4.  —  in  uno,  to  be  in  his 
place  ;  Se  io  fossi  in  te  farei  cosi,  if  I  were  you  I 
should  act  thus.  5.  Che  e  che  non  e,  from  one 
moment  to  another,  or,  at  every  moment ;  Che  e 
che  non  e  eccoti  il  babbo,  your  father  will  be  here 
in  another  moment ;  Che  e  che  non  e,  mi  fa  di 
queste  marachelle,  he  is  constantly  playing  me  these 
tricks.  6.  Sara,  possibly,  that  may  be.  7.  Sia  or 
Sia  pure,  even  granting  what  you  say  ;  Sia  pure  ; 
ma  io  non  vo'  dirgli  nulla,  be  it  so,  then  ;  still  I  will 
not  tell  him  anything.  8.  Per  — ,  in  itself;  Per  — 
non  c'  e  male,  it  is  not  very  bad  in  itself.  9.  —  da 
tanto,  to  be  able;  Tu  non  sei  da  tanto  di  saltare  quel 
fosso,  you  cannot  jump  that  ditch,  io.  Pur  che  sia, 
of  some  kind  or  other  ;  Dammi  un  fogliodi  carta  pur 
che  sia,  give  me  a  sheet  of  paper  of  any  kind.  1 1.  as 
sb.t  L'  in  — ,  the  contents  (of  a  warehouse);  L*  in 
—  del  negozio  fallito  si  riduce  a  poche  lire,  the 
stock-in-trade  of  the  ruined  business  only  comes  to 
a  few  francs.  12.  In  buon  — ,  in  good  condition. 
13.  being,  in  sense  of  person;  L'  —  sommo,  or 
primo,  the  Supreme  Being.  14.  Dar  1'  — ,  to  call 
into  being,  create  ;  Se  non  ero  io  che  gli  dava  V  — , 
a  quest'  ora  sarebbe  sempre  un  poveraccio,  if  it  had 
not  been  for  my  giving  him  a  start,  he  would  be 
nothing  but  a  poor  devil  still. 

*  Obsolete  or  poetical  forms :    ist,  pres.  ind.  so1. 
3rd.  ee,  ene.     ist.  //.  semo,  sem.     3rd.  //.  eno,  en. 
ist.   //.  imperf.  savamo.     and.    savate.     ist.    perf. 
fumi,  for  mi   fui.     2nd.    fusti.      3rd.    fue.     2nd.  //. 
fuste,  fusti.     3rd.  furon,  fur,  ffirno,  furo,  forno,  foro, 
funno,    fuoro.      ist.  fut.  ser6.      2nd.   fii.      3rd.    fia, 
fie  <  L.  fiet.     3rd.    pi.  fiano,  fieno,   fien  <  L.  _fient, 
imperat.  sie,  sia.     ist.  pres.  subj.  sie,  fia.     2nd.  sie, 
sii,   fie.     3rd.    sie,  fia.     3rd.  //.  sieno,   siino,  fieno. 
imperf.  subj.  fussi,  fussi,  fusse,  fussimo,  fuste,  fussero. 
ist.  cond.  saria,  fora.    3rd.  saria,  sarie,  fora.     ist.  //. 
sariamo.    3rd.  sariano,  sarieno,  forano.    part,  essuto, 
issuto,  suto. 

Essicc-are  (L.  exsiccare)  \  to  dry  up. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

*Ess-iglio,  -ilarare  ;  v.  Es-ilio,  -Harare. 
Essilon  m.  oif. ',  the  Gr.  e. 
Esso,  Essa  (L.  ipse)  ;  he,  she,  or  it. 

*  Essodio  ;  v.  Esodio. 

*  Essofatto  (L.  ipso  facto)',  straightway. 
Essonite./;  a  variety  of  garnet  (jewel). 
Essoterico  ;  exoteric,  v,  Esoterico. 

*  Essuto  ;  old  part.  Essere. 

Est  m.  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  East);  =  Le- 
vante,  east. 

*Esta_/C;=  Estate,  summer. 

*  Estante  (L.  exstans)  ;  surviving. 

Estasi  /  (L.,  <  Gr.  ?K(rra<r«)  ; 
ecstasy. 

Estasiarsi ;  to  go  into  ecstasies. 
Estatare  ;  =  Statare,    to    pass    the 


Estatata  (Estatatura)  /  ;  a 
summer. 


whole 


Estelte  f.  (L.  aestaS)  for 
root  idh  or  OtM,  to  be  burning,  cp.  Gr. 
ai0&>,  to  burn,  aWfjp,  upper  heaven, 
O.H.G.  essa^Germ.  £sse,  forge,  Irish 
aed)  fire)  ;  summer. 

Estatic-o  ;  ecstatic.    Aff.  -amente. 

Este  ;  L.  est  with  added  e  for  the  rhyme,  D. 
Par.  24.  141. 

Estemporane-o  (mlt.)  ;  extemporary.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Estempore  or/.;/.  Stempore  ;  extempore. 

Estencf-ere  perf.  estesi,  part,  esteso  (L.);  to 
extend.  Aff.  -ibife,  -im^nto. 

Estense  ;  of  Este,  the  ruling  house  of  Ferrara 
and  Modena. 

Estens-ibile  ;  i.q.  Estendibile.  -i6ne,  -iva- 
rn6nte,  -ivo  ;  as  E. 

Estenso  (L.)  ;  Per  —  ,  from  end  to  end. 


Estensdre  ttt. ;  i.  (anat.)  extensor  muscle. 
2.  draftsman. 

*  Estento  ;  of  a  bow,  stretched. 

Estenu-are  ind.  estenuo  (L.,  <  ex,  very, 
tennis,  thin,  if.  Tenue);  i.  to  make  thin.  2.  Jig.  to 
impoverish  (ground),  to  reduce  (a  fortune),  to  de- 
preciate (a  person's  worth).  Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Esterior-e  (L.  exterior,  a  double  comparative 
from  ex,  out,  v.  infra,  Estero);  outer.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente. 

Esterminare  ind.  estermino,  or  Sterminare 
(L.,  lit.  to  expel  beyond  the  boundary,  terminus); 
to  exterminate. 

Esternaminte ;  externally. 

Estern-are  ind.  esterno ;  to  exhibit 
(one's  feelings).  Non  si  -a  mai  con 
nessuno,  he  never  shows  his  feelings 
to  anybody.  Se  fosse  un  po'  -ato  con 
qualcuno !  if  only  he  would  have  opened 
his  heart  to  someone ! 

Esterno  (A)  (L.,  an  extended  form 
of  exterus);  i.  external.  2.  outward 
(acts  or  signs).  3.  Foro  — ,  the  courts, 
as  opposed  to  Foro  interno,  the  con- 
science. 4.  Scolare  — ,  day-boy,  not  a 
boarder.  *i.  foreign,  ii.  separated. 

*(B)  (L.  hesternus,  <  ** kes,  cp.  L.  heri,  Gr.  x««, 
A.S.  geostra,  >  E.  yester,  Germ,  gestern) ;  of  yester- 
day. 

Estero  (L.  exterus,  <  ex,  out,  with 
comparative  suffix  -ter)  •  foreign.  E 
andato  all'  — ,  he  is  gone  abroad. 

Esterrefatto  (L.  exterritus  faclus) ; 
terrified. 

•Esterrito;  frightened. 

Estersivo  (L.  extergere) ;  cleansing. 

Estesamente  ;  at  length,  in  full  detail. 

Est^sp  ;  part.  Estendere. 

Estetic-o  (Gr.) ;  aesthetic.  Aff.  -*st.,  -amente 
adv. 

Estimmre  ;  =  Stimare.  Dote  estimata,  (leg.) 
dowry  taken  by  a  husband  with  the  obligation  of 
restitution. 

Estimativa/;  faculty  of  judgment. 

Estimazi6ney:;  =  Stima,  esteem. 

Estimo  (A);  m.  i.  rating;  valuation, 
v.  Estimare.  2.  rate-book.  3.  sum  paid 
for  rates.  *(B)  (L.  extimus);  external. 


mercury  rubbed  up  with  another  body,  v  Calce 
estmta,  =  Calce  spenta,  slack  lime.  Aff.  -ibile. 

Estin-to;  part.  Estinguere.  -zi6ne  f.-  ex- 
tinction. 

Estidmeno  (Gr.  etrfliomeixw) ;  (med.)  rodent 
(ulcer). 

Estirp-are  (L.,  <ex,  stirps,  stem  of  a  tree);  to 
extirpate.  Aff.  -abile,  -am^nto,  -atore,  .atrice,  -atura 
-azione. 

Estispicio  m.  (L.  extispicium, < exta.  =  ex- 
sec  ta,  and  specere,  to  look);  soothsaying  from 
inspecting  the  viscera  of  sacrificed  animals. 

Estivame'nte  ;  in  summer  fashion. 
Estfvo  (L.  aestivus] ;  of  summer. 

Esto  ;  pap.  and  'poet,  for  Questo. 
Estdllere  (Estogliere)  per/,  estolsi,  no  part  • 
to  raise.     *to  extol. 

Estdrcere  (Estorquere)  ind.  estorco 
est6rci,  perf.  est6rsi,  fut.  estorro,  part. 
est6rto  (L.,  <  ex,  much,  torquere,  to 
t»vist,  v.  Torcere) ;  to  extort. 

*  Estorre ;  =  Eccettuare,  to  except. 

Estorsioney!;  extortion.     *contortion, 

Estra;  Ab  — ,  or  Ab  extra,  (eccl.)  an  epithet 
of  a  canonry  which  confers  a  title  but  carries  no 
stipend. 

Estraccio  m.;  pegg.  of  Estro,  sorry  poetic 
inspiration. 

Estradiridne/;  extradition,  surrender  of  an 
offender  agamM  the  laws  of  a  foreign  State 

Estra-dotale,  -giudiciale  ;  v.  Stradotale,  ecc. 

tstralegale  ;  extralegal,  outside  the  province 
of  law. 


ESTENSORE— ETMOIDE 

Estrane-o  (Estranio,  Estrano)  (L., 
.<  extra,  comparative  form  of  ex) ; 
i.  foreign.  2.  outside,  extraneous.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Estrarre  ind.  estraggo  estrai  estrae 
estragghiamo  or  estraiamo  estradte 
estraggono,  per/,  estrassi  estrae"sti 
estrasse,  fut.  estrarro,  part,  estratto 
(L.,  <  ex,  trahere,  v.  Trarre)  ;  i.  to 
extract.  2.  to  draw  (by  lot).  3.  to 
export. 

Estratt-ino  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  strep.,  of 
Estratto. 

Estrattivo ;  extractive. 

Estratto  m. ;  i.  extract.  2.  abridg- 
ment. 3.  stake  on  a  single  number  in 
the  public  lotteries.  4.  tab  affixed  to  a 
page  in  a  book. 

*  As  adj. :  i.  separated,    ii.  =  Eccetto  (che),  except. 
T=Astratto,  absent-minded. 

Estrattdre  m. :  exporter. 

*i.  smuggler,     ii.  press  for  extracting  juice. 

•Estravagante;  i.  =  Stravagante,  erratic.  As 
s/>. :  11.  a  papal  constitution  adjunct  to  the  canon  law. 
iii.  in  pi.,  imperial  edicts  not  found  in  the  codes  of 
civil  law. 

Estrazidne  f. ;  i.  as  E.  2.  drawing 
at  the  public  lotteries.  3.  =  Esport- 
azione. 

Estremam6nte ;  extremely. 
*Estremare;  =  Stremare,  to  diminish. 

*  Estremiare  ;  to  make  thin. 
Estrem-ita,  -o;  as  E.  (L.,  cj>.  snfra  Estero) 

*  Estricare  ;  =  Strigare,  to  disentangle. 
Estrino»/.;  dim.  Estro. 

Estrinsec-are  ind.  estrinseco;  to 
show  by  outward  signs,  -arsi,  to  make 
known  one's  thoughts.  Aff.  -ame~nto, 
-azi6ne. 

Estrinsec-o  (L.,<exter,  secus,  be- 
side, v.  Skeat,  sub  Extrinsic);  Cagione 
-a,  external  cause.  In  — ,  according  to 
outside  showing.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

*  Estrito  (L.  exlritus);  removed. 

Estro  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  oitrrpos,  gadfly) ; 

1.  poetic   inspiration,    warlike   ardour. 

2.  sudden  whim.     *  =  Tafano,  gadfly. 

Estr6s-o;  whimsical,  capricious.  Aff.  -accio 
Pe£g.>  -amente. 

'Estrudere  (L.)  ;  to  drive  away. 
*Estrutto;  i.  erected,     ii.  piled  up 

*  Estuare  (L.  aestuare)  ;  to  boil. 

Estuario  m.  (L.,  see  Skeat ;  and  supra,  Estate)  • 
estuary. 

Estudiantina/;  (Spanish)  students'  musical 
society,  as  copied  from  Spain. 

•Estuos-o  ;L.,  root  aidh,  v.  Estate);  i.  boiling, 
u.  stormy,     iii.  Zona  -a,  torrid  zone. 

*  Esturbare  (L.  exturbare)  •  to  drive  away. 

*  Estutare  (cp.  Attutare) ;  to  smother. 
Esuberan-te,  -temdnte,  -za;   as  E.  (L     v 

Uberta). 

*  Esuberare  ;  i.  of  material  in  boiling  or  in  cold 
liquid,  to  absorb  colour,    ii.  to  be  very  cordial. 

ESula/;  (/rat.)  leafy  branched  spurge,  Etithor- 
bia  esula. 


Esulare  ind.  esulo ;  to  go  into  exile, 
or  live  in  exile. 

Esulcer-are  ind.  esulcero  (L.,  v. 
Ulcera) ;  to  ulcerate.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-ativo,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Esule  m.  (L.  exsul,  where  -sul  is 
either  from  the  stem  of  solum,  soil,  or 
oisedere,  to  sit,  with  the  regular  change 
of  (/into  /) ;  exile,  banished  person. 

Esult-anza,  -are,  -ame"nto  (i.g. 
-anza) ;  exultation,  etc.  (L.  exultare, 
freq.  of  ex-silio,  supine  exsulium,  root 
sal,  to  jump). 


229 

Esum-are  ind.  esumo  (mlt.,  <  ex, 
humus)  \  to  exhume.  Aff.  -azione. 

*  Esuperante  (L.  exsuperans)',  enormous. 

*  Esuriendo  (L.  esurio,  dfsid.  of  edere,  esum,  to 
eat)  ;  hungering. 

*Esurino;  corrosive. 

*  Esusto  (L.  exuttus) ;  parched. 

Esut6rio  m.  (coined  from  L.  exutus);  (med.) 
ulcer,  maintained  as  a  sort  of  drain. 

Esuviabile  (L.  exuviae,  slough  of  a  snake, 
<  ex-uo,  to  strip  off,  root  euf,  to  put  on) ;  shedding 
the  skin  periodically. 

'Esvellere  ;=Svellere,  to  pluck  out. 

Et ;  v.  Ette. 

Etk  (Etade)/  (L.  aetas,  for  **aemtas, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Age) ;  age. 

Etac-ismo,  -ista;  v.  Erasmiano. 

Etera  /  (Gr.  era/pa) ;  Greek  cour- 
tesan. 

Etere  (Etera,  Etra),  (L.,<Gr.  air%, 
v.  Estate) ;  ether,  in  all  senses,  as  E. 

Etereo  ;  ethereal. 

Eterfa  f.  (Gr.  fraipda) ;  association, 
club,  in  ancient  Greece. 

Eterico  ;  (chem.)  of  the  ether  class. 

Eterizz-are  ;  i.  to  etherealize.  2.  to  etherize, 
mix  with  ether.  3.  to  administer  ether  to.  Aff. 
-azione. 

Etern-am6nte,  -are  vt,.  -ita,  -o:  eternally 
etc.  (L.). 

Eteroclito  (L.,<Gr.);  irregular,  queer. 

Eterodoss-ia,  -o  (Gr.);  heterodoxy,  etc. 

Eterogene-o  (Gr.) ;  heterogeneous.     Aff.  -ita. 

Eterogenesiy:  (Gr.);  i.  alternation  of  genera- 
tions. 2.  theory  of  spontaneous  generation. 

•Eteroscio  (Gr.  eVepos,  irxia);  heteroscian,  per- 
taining to  a  person  living  on  one  side  of  the  equator 
as  contrasted  with  one  living  on  the  other  side. 

Etesie  /  pi.  (Gr.  fYr/o-uu,  <  ft-or, 
year)  ;  north  winds  recurring  periodi- 
cally in  the  summer  on  the  Mediter- 
ranean. 

iitic-a  /  (Gr.  r)tf«d) ;  ethics.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Etich.e'tta  f. ;  i.  label.    2.  etiquette. 

Etym.    Span,    etigueta,  <  Fr.    etiquette,  <  old 


The  sense  of  etiquette  would  follow  from  the  practice 
of  writing  on  tickets  the  ceremonial  to  be  pursued  on 


various  occasions. 

Etico  (A)  (Gr.  r}0«Kor) ;  ethical. 

(B)  (Gr.  CKTIKOS,  habitual,  hence 
hectic,  <  f£ir,  possession,  also  habit  of 
body, <cfa,  fut.  of  ?x<»,  to  hold) ;  hectic, 
as  opposed  to  intermittent  fever. 

Etilene  / ;  ethylene  gas. 

Etilo  m.;  (chem.)  ethyl,  theoretical  base  of 
ether ;  the  word  was  coined  from  ether  or  aiWo  and 
u^T),  subject-matter,  base. 

fitimo  m.  (L.  etymon,  <  Gr.  eTu/xot,  true, 
lengthened  form  of  ereot  for  'Vereos,  cp.  Sanskr 
sat-ya,  true;  root  es,  to  be,  v.  Skeat,  suk  Sooth)' 
etymonj  true  source  of  a  word. 

Etimolog-ia,  -icaminte,  -ico,  -ista,  -iizare- 
as  Ej  for  deriv,,  v.  Etimo. 

Etiolog-ia  f.  (Gr.,<alTia,  cause);  etiology 
science  of  causation.  Aff.  -ico. 

Etfope;  Ethiopian.  As  .A:  i.  black  chemical 
co"1Pound.  e.g.  —  marziale,  black  oxide  of  iron ;  in 
old  English  chemistry  ethiops-martial ;  —  mincrale 
ethiops-mineral,  black  sulphuret  of  mercury.  2.  (hot.) 
—  vegetabile,  bladder-wrack,  Fucus  vesicttlosus,  also 
termed  Querce  marina. 

*  EtiopideyC;  (bat.)  Salvia  Aethiopis. 

Etisia  J.  (apparently  formed  by  a  confusion 
between  Tisl  and  Etico  hectic);  phthisis. 

Elite,  Aetfte/  (Gr.,<aierot,  eagle);  eagle- 
stone,  an  egg-shaped  concretion  of  oxide  of  iron  sup- 
posed to  be  found  in  eagles'  nests ;  also  termed 
Pietra  aquilina. 

Etmoide/  (Gr.  ijflnds,  sieve);  (pnat.)  ethmoid 
bone. 


230 


ETNICO— FACCIA 


iltnico  (Gr.  e&vos,  nation);  I.  ethnic. 
2.  pagan. 

Aff.  Etn-ografia,  -ografico,  -ografo,  -ologia, 
-ologico. 

Etologiay;  (Gr.);  treatise  on  morals. 

Eton  ;  Aethon,  one  of  the  four  horses  of  the  Sun. 

Etopea  f.  (Gr.  jjOonoua)  ;  verbal  portrait  of 
character. 

*  Etra  «r.;=Etere,  ether. 

*  Ettacordo    m.    (Gr.)  ;    heptachord    in    Greek 
music,  i.e.  (i)  a  diatonic  series  of  seven  tones,  con- 
taining five  whole  steps  and  one  half  step,  or  (a)  a 
seven-stringed  instrument. 

Etta-edro  m.  ',  heptahedron.  -gono  m,  ; 
heptagon. 

Ettamerdne  m.  ;  the  Heptameron,  by  Margaret 
of  Navarre. 

Ettandro  (Gr.  e-ma,  acTJp)  ;  (hot.)  with  seven 
stamens. 

Ettarchia/.;  heptarchy. 

llttaro  m.  (Fr.)  ;  hectare,  10,000 
square  metres,  about  i\  acres. 

Ettasi  f.  (Gr.  «f*Tao-t«)  ;  lengthening  a  short 
syllable. 

EttasUlabo  ;  -  Settenario,  of  seven  syllables. 

iVtte,  Et  m.  (L.  hetta,  origin  unkn.)  ; 
particle,  tittle. 

Etto  m.  ',  v.  Ettogrammo. 

Ettogrammo  m.  (Fr.);  hectogram,  about  J  Ib. 

Ettdlitro  m.  (Fr.);  hectolitre,  about  22  gallons. 

Ett6metro  m.  (Fr.)  ;  a  hundred  metres. 

Ettore;  Hector. 

Etusa  f.;  (hot.)  fool's  parsley,  v.  Aetusa. 

Eubdico  ;  of  Euboea. 

Eucalitto  M.;  (hot.)  gum-tree,  Eucalyptus,  a 
name  coined  from  Gr.  €$,  well,  waXuTTTO?,  covered, 
referring  to  the  cover  protecting  the  fruit. 

Eucaresti-a  pop.  -istia  f.  (Gr.);  eucharist. 
Aff.  -co. 


.  -. 

Eucoldgio  nt.  (Gr.);  prayer-book. 

Eucrasia/;  (Gr.);  (m^rf.)good  constitution. 

Eudemonismo  m.  (Gr.  evSaifjuav,  blessed); 
doctrine  making  happiness  the  test  of  ethics. 

Eudi6metrom.  (Gr.);  instrument  for  measuring 
the  oxygen  in  air. 

Eufema  m.\  Australian  parrakeet. 

Eufem-ia  /  (Gr.  «£,  well,  </>wu,  to 
speak)  ;  alteration  of  words  for  motives 
of  delicacy.  Aff.  -ico,  -ismo. 

Euf6n-ia,  -icamente,  -ico(Gr.);  euphony,  etc. 

Eufdnio  m.\  (mus.)  euphonium;  (i)  the  bass 
instrument  of  the  set  invented  by  A.  Sax  about  1840. 
(2)  a  variation  of  the  harmonica  invented  by  Chtadni 
in  1790. 


Euf6rbi-a  /.;  (6ot.)  spurge,  v.  Erba  (6?). 
-na  f. ',  extract  of  euphorbia  root,  -o  ttt. ;  the 
distilled  juice. 

*  Euforia/;  (401.)  the  litchi  of  China.  Nephelium. 
Eufrasia./;  (bat.}  eyebright,  Euphrasia. 
Eufrate ;  the  river  Euphrates. 
Eug4ne-o;    the    Euganei   were    the   primitive 

inhabitants  of  north-east  Italy,  driven  out  by  the 
Veneti ;  their  name  remains  attached  to  the  isolated 
group  of  hills  between  Verona  and  Padua.  Hence 
Laghi  -i,  the  Lagoons  of  Venice,  Citt^  -a,  Padua, 
Fiume  — ,  the  Brenta. 

Eugenia yl;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  tropical  American 
shrubs,  one  of  which,  E.  pimtnta,  furnishes  allspice. 

Eugenico  ;  Acido  — ,  essential  oil  of  pimento. 

Eugubin-0  ;  Tavole  -e,  the  seven 
tables, five  inscribed  in  Umbro-Etruscan 
and  two  in  Latin,  found  at  Gubbio,  a 
town  near  Perugia. 

Eulogle^  //.;  holy  cakes  formerly  distributed 
after  Mass. 

Eumenidi  f.  pl.\  a  Greek  euphemism  for 
Erinnidi. 

Eunoe  m. ;  a  river  placed  by  Dante  on  the  top 
of  the  mountain  of  Purgatory. 

Eunucheria  f.\fig.  piece  of  feebleness. 

Eunuco  m.  (Gr.,<«vcij,  marriage-bed,  exw> to 
keep);  =  Castrato,  eunuch. 

Eupatorio  nt.  (L. ,  <  Gr.  evtraropiov)  ;  (hot. ) 
hemp-agrimony,  Eupatoriitm. 

Eurimmi-a  or  Euritmi-a  /  (Gr. 
fvpv6pia)  ;  harmony  of  arrangement. 
Aff.  -came'nte,  -co. 

Euripo  m.  (L.,  <Gr.,<6v,  piirrw}  ; 
euripus,  i.e.  (i)  arm  of  the  sea  with 
strong  currents.  (2)  the  water-channel 
between  the  arena  and  cavea  of  a  Roman 
hippodrome. 

Euritmia  ;  v.  Eurimmia. 
Euro  m.;  Eums,  the  east  wind. 
Eusino  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  the  Black  Sea. 
Eutanasia  /  (Gr.)  ;  easy  death. 
•Eutimia/!  (Gr.  cv0vp.ta)  ;  fortitude. 

*  Eutrapetia  f.  (Gr.);  cheerfulness. 
Evacu-amento,  -are  vb.,  -azioncella  dim., 

-azi6ne;  evacuation,  etc.  (L.,O,  very,  vatuus, 
empty). 

Evadere  perf.  evasi,  part,  evaso  (L.,<<?,  out, 
vadere,  to  go) ;  escape  from  prison. 

*  Evagazipne  f. ;  =  Svagamento,  distraction. 
Evangeliario  ;«.;  book  containing  the  collects 

and  gospels  arranged  as  read  in  the  course  of  the 
year. 


Evangel-icamente,  -icp,  -ista ;  as  E. 
-istario  ;  i.g.  Evangeliario.  -izzare  vb.\  -izia- 
t6re  sb. 

Evangel-o  or  -io  or  Vangelo  m.  (L.,<Gr., 
<  «5,  well,  oyyeAt'a,  message,  v.  Angelo);  gospel. 

Evapor-abile,  -amento,  -are  ind.  evaporo 
(usu.  Svaporare),  -ativo,  -azidne ;  evaporable, 
etc.  (L.). 

Evasidne^;  escape  from  prison. 

Evasiv-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 
Evaso  ;  part.  Evadere. 

*  Evegnache ;  =  Avvegnache,  although. 

*  Evellere  ;  =  Sveltere,  to  pluck  out. 
Evenienzay.;  occurrence. 

*  E  venire  ;  — Avvenire. 
*Eventazioncyi;  slight  blood-letting. 

Eventom.;  event. 

Eventuale  ;  contingent. 
Eventualitk  f.  \  eventuality. 
Eventualm^nte  ;      according     as 
things  turn  out. 

*  EversioneyT;  overthrow,  upsetting. 
Eviden-te,  -temente,  -za ;  as  E. 
Evincere  Perf.  evinsi,  part,  evinto  (L.);  (leg.) 

to  bring  an  action  of  ejectment  and  recover  possession 
from  a  wrongful  owner. 

Evir-are  (L.);  to  emasculate.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Evit-are  ind.  evito  (L.) ;  to  avoid. 
Aff.  -abile. 

Evitazi6ne  / ;  shunting  (a  train). 

Evizi6ne/.;  (&g.)v.  Evincere. 

ilvo  m.  (L.  aevum,  v.  Eta) ;  age, 
period. 

Evoc-are  ind.  evoco  evochi  or  evoco  evochi 
(L.);  to  evoke.  Aff.  -azione,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Evoe  ;  a  cry  to  Bacchus.     *Evoeggiare;  to  cry. 

Evoluta /;  (waM.)evolute. 

Evoluzioney;;  as  E. 

Evolvente  f.\  the  curve  described  by  the 
unwinding  of  a  string  from  its  evolute. 

Ev6nimo  m.\  (bot.)=  Fusaggine,  spindle-wood. 
*Evulso;  part.  Evellere. 

Evviva !  strengthened  form  of  Viva ! 

Exequatur  m. ;  Latinism  expressing  official 
recognition  by  the  civil  power  of  an  ecclesiastical 
appointment. 

Eziandfo  (L.  etiam  with  Dio  added 
for  emphasis) ;  even. 

*  Eziandioche ;  even  though. 
Eziologiayl;  (»/«£)=  Etiologia. 


F  in.  or/!;  pronounced  Effe.  Ab- 
breviations :  F.,  fece,  future  ;  in  music, 
forte  ;  upon  old  French  coins  it  is  the 
mark  of  mintage  at  Angers  ;  upon 
German  ones,  at  Magdeburg ;  in  ancient 
Rome,  fasti  ;  as  a  number,  40  or  with 
a  bar  over  it,  40,000.  FF.,  fratelli,  figli ; 
ft,  facente,  funzione ;  S.  M.  F.,  Sua  Maesta 
Fedelissima  di  Portogallo ;  F.S.,  ferrovie 
Stato;  tre  F.,  Festa,  farina,  forca,  I  de- 
spoti  credono  che  per  domare  i  popoli 
ci  vogliano  tre  effe.  Baron  coll'  effe, 
v.  Barone. 

Fa ;  i.  m.  the  musical  note  termed  F  in  German 
and  English  music;  for  derivation,  v.  Do.    2.  v.  Fare. 
Fabaria/;  (hot.)  orpine,  v.  Erba  (21  b). 
Fabbisogno  m. ;  requisites. 
*  Fabbra,y:  of  Fabbro. 

Fabbric-a/  (L.fabrica,  v.  Fabbro) ; 

1.  a  new  or  partly  finished  building. 

2.  manufactory ;   —  di  cravatte,  iron. 
for  money-lender's  business.     *smithy. 

Aff.  -abile,  -accia  pegg.,  -are  as  E.,  -ativo  ripe 
for  building  upon,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atorio,  -azione. 


Fabbricerla /;  =  Opera,  works  de- 
partment of  a  cathedral. 

Fabbri-chetta  or  -china/;  dim.  vezz.  Fab- 
brica. 

Fabbriciere  m.;  manager  of  a  Fabbriceria. 
Fabbric-dna/,  -6ne/«.;  augm.  Fabbrica. 
Fabbricuccia/.;  dim.  spreg.  Fabbrica. 
Fabbrfle,  adj.  of  Fabbro, 

Fabbro  m.\  smith.     t  =  Castagnola, 

grunter  (fish). 

Etym.     Is.faher,  metal-worker,  or  as  adj.  skil- 
ful, root  dkabk,  to  work  skilfully,  cp.  O.  H.G.  tapkar, 
firm  (>  Germ,  tapfer,  brave),  E.  dab.     For  dk  >/, 
cp.  L./w;««j,  =  Sanskr.  dkumas,  Gr.  ^ufids. 
fFabisogno  ;«.;=  Preventivo,  estimate. 

Fabli6  m.  indecl.;  the  Yr,  fabliau  Italianised, 
one  of  a  group  of  over  a  hundred  tales  in  verse, 
mostly  satirical,  pi od need  in  France  in  the  twelfth 
and  thirteenth  centuries. 

Fabula;  Lupus  in  fabula,  said  of  one  who 
turns  up  just  as  his  name  is  being  mentioned. 

Facc&nda  /  (L.  fadenda)  ;  affair, 
business. 

Faccendaccia  / ;  i.  bad  business. 
2,  in^/.,  rough  work  of  a  house. 

Faccendi&r-e  or  -o  *«.,  -a  /. ;  one 


who  thrusts  himself  forward.     *  agent, 
t  farmer. 

Faccendina /;   dim.  vezz.  Faccenda,  esp.  of 
the  bodily  necessities  of  little  children. 
*  Faccendino  m. ;  busybody. 

Faccend6Ia/;  vezz.  of  Faccenda. 

Faccenddne  w.;  =  Affannone,  fusser. 

Faccend-uccia/;  Peg£>  of -a. 

Facc6tt-a/;  i.  dim.  Faccia,  face. 
Fare  una  — ,  or  delle  -e,  to  take  the 
blame,  to  assume  the  air  of  a  culprit. 
2.  facet. 

Faccettare  ;  =  Sfaccettare,  to  cut  a  gem. 

Faccettina/;  sub-dim.  Faccia. 

Facchiaro  >«.;  a  testing  rod  used  in  an  iron 
foundry. 

Facchm-ay:,  -accio^gf.;  v.  -o. 

Facchinaggio  ttt.\  tip  to  a  porter. 

Facchin-ata  or  -eria/:;  word  or  act  suitable 
to  a  porter,  -escamente  adv.t  -esco  of  porters. 

Facchfn-o  m.\  i.  porter.  2.  rude 
fellow.  Aff.  -one  augm. 

Etym..  unkn.\  the  fr./aquin  is  borrowed  from 
Ital. ;  the  word  also  occurs  in  Spanish  and  Portu- 
guese. 

Faccia  / ;  face.     Andare  sulla  - 


FACCIACCIA— FALCIDIA 


231 


del  luogo,  to  go  and  look  at  the  place. 
Senza  — ,  shameless.  —  tosta,  brazen- 
face.  Voltar  — ,  to  turn  over  the  page, 
fig. ;  i.e.  to  look  at  things  from  a  dif- 
ferent point  of  view,  or  to  change  one's 
party.  Di  or  In  — ,  opposite. 

Etym.  bit.  facia  for  L.  fades.  The  root  is 
probably  that  of  fade,  to  make ;  a  similar  connection 
of  meaning  is  presented  by  Welsh  fieri,  to  make, 
Cornish  Pery,  face.  Or  it  may  be  from  the  root  of 
fax,  7>.  Face. 

Facciaccia /,;  Pegg.  Faccia. 

Faccialei  m.;  shirker. 

Facciata  / ;  I.  (arch.)  facade. 
2.  Una  — -  di  scritto,  a  whole  page  of 
writing.  3.  =  Faccia,  face. 

FacciatmayC;  dim.  Facciata. 

*  Facci-danno,  -molo;  v.  Faci-. 

Facci61a  (Facciuola)  f.\  in  £1.,  magistrate's 
collar  with  a  pair  of  bands.  *i.  dim.  Faccia. 
ii.  octavo  paper,  eighth  part  of  a  folio,  lii.  the 
part  of  a  weft  between  the  comb  and  the  beam. 

Facci6n-e  m.,  -a_/T;  augm.  Faccia. 
*Faccitimulo  w.;— Facimolo. 

Facciuola  ;  v.  Facciola. 

Face/;  poet,  for  Fiaccola,  torch. 

Etym.  L.  fax,  root  bkag,  strengthened  form 
of  bha,  to  display,  as  in  Sanskr,  bhas,  light,  bhasu, 
sun,  Gr.  ^dos,  light,  tfreyyo?,  lustre,  L.  face tus  and 
perhaps  fades,  v.  Faceto,  Faccia. 

Facelia/;  (bat.)  Phacelia. 
*Facell-a,  -ina;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Face,  torch. 

Facet-o  m,  (L.  facetus^  orig.  shining,  v.  Face); 
witty.  Aff.  -amente. 

Facezi-a  _/!;  witticism.  Aff.  -etta,  -na,  -Ma 
dims. 

Fachiro  m.  (Arabic _/a#ir,  poor  man);  fakeer. 

Faciale ;  facial. 

Facicchiare;  to  work  without  energy. 

Facidanno  (Faccidanno,  Facimolo)  m. ;  rural 
thjef,  tramp. 

Facil-e  (L., ,<facere)\  easy.  Aff.  -mo  dim.^ 
-ita,  -itamento,  -itare,  -itazione,  -mente. 

*  Facimale  w.;  mischief-maker. 

*  Facimol-a_/;,  -o  m.;  witchcraft;  the  word  is 
Prob.  an  alteration  of  Facimale  under  attraction  of 
L.  mo  la,  the  salted  flour  sprinkled  on  the  head  of  a 
victim  when  sacrificed. 

'Facino  m.  (L.);  crime. 

Facinor<5so  ;  criminal,  ruffianly. 

*  Faciticcio  m.;  \.  botchwork.     ii.  =  Imbroglio. 
•Facitoio;  practicable. 

Facit6re  /«. ;  i .  maker  (of  bad 
verses).  2.  steward  of  a  town  house 
as  opposed  to  Fattore,  manager  of  a 
country  estate.  3.  agent. 

Faciucchiare  ;  dim.  of  Fare,  more  spreg.  than 
Facicchiare. 

*  Facola  / ;  =  Facelia,  torch. 

Facolta  /  (L.  facultas} ;  faculty, 
power  ;  in  //.,  resources,  riches. 

Facoltativo  ;  optional. 
Facolt6so  ;  wealthy. 

Fac6nd-o  (L.,  <  fan\  to  speak, 
-cundus^  suffix  of  plenty) ;  fluent,  facile. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ia. 

Facsimile  ;=  Fassimile. 
Factotum  ;±=  Fattotum. 

*Facultade  /;=  Facolta,    substance,    wealth, 
D.   Inf.   xi.   44. 

*  Faderfio  »/.;  bridal  gift. 

*  Fadiga/.;=Fatica,  fatigue. 

*  Fado  (Proven^,  fad,  <  L.  fatuvs) ;  vapid. 
Faeton  m.  (borrowed  from  E.);  phaeton, 
Fagara  /!;   (bof.)  Japan  pepper-plant,  Xanth- 

cxylon  piperitvm. 

Fagedenay;  (Gr.  <^ayf6aiva,<.<f><iyta,  to  eat); 

1.  phagedoena,  gangrenous  ulcer.     2.    a  disease  of 
bees. 

Fagg£t-a/.,  -o  m. ;  i.  beech-grove. 

2.  fig.  tangle. 

Faggia  f.\  any  of  the  six  divisions  formerly 
made  of  the  suburban  districts  round  Milan  for  a 
distance  of  six  miles  out,  areas  rather  larger  than 
the  Corpi  Santi ;  the  term  corresponds  to  the  Con- 
tado  or  Leghe  of  Florence,  the  Masse  of  Siena,  the 
Distretto  delle  set  miglia  of  Lucca,  the  Cortine  or 


Camperie  of  Arezzo,  the  Camparezia  of  Tortona, 
the  Sultana  of  Sarzana,  the  Senate  of  Todi,  the 
Chiusura  of  Brescia  and  Parma,  the  Vallera  of 
Piacenza,  the  Pendici  of  Volterra,  the  Culture  of 
Vicenza,  and  the  three  Potesterie  of  Genoa.  Consoli 
delle  Faggie,  magistrates  with  jurisdictions  over  the 
Faggie.  *  =  Faggio. 

Faggio  m.  (bit.  fagius,  <  L.  fagus) ; 
beech-tree,  Fagus  syh/atica. 

Faggi61a/;  beech-nut. 

Fagian-a  f.  •  hen-pheasant,  -aia  f. ;  pheas- 
antry. 

Fagianella/J ;  =  Gallina  prataiola,  lesser  bustard. 

Fagiano  m.  (L.  phasianus,  as  com- 
ing from  the  river  Phasis  in  Colchis) ; 

1.  pheasant,  Phasianus.    2.  — •  di  monte, 
black  cock,  Tetrao  tetrix,  also  termed 
Gallo  alpestre  minore,  Gallo  di  monte 
minore,    Ganga,    Grandule.      3.    --   al- 
pestre or  nero,   capercailzie,  v,   Gallo 
cedrona. 

Fagiandtto  m.;  young  pheasant. 
Fagiolaccio  m.;  pegg.  Fagiolo. 

Fagiolaio  m. ;  lover  of  beans,  esp.  as 
nickname  for  the  Florentines. 

Fagiolata  /;     i.    dish    of   beans. 

2.  fig.  trashy  writing. 

Fagiol-e'tto  or  -fno  m. ;  French  bean, 
the  unripe  pod  of  the  Fagiolo. 

Fagiolule  m.  •  haulm  of  the  French 
bean,  after  drying. 

Fagiublo  orFagiblo  m.  (L.  phaselus, 
<Gr.  <t>dcfT)\os) ',  i.  kidney-bean,  French 
bean,  Phaseolus  vulgaris,  i.e.  either'the 
plant,  or  its  pod,  or  its  ripe  seed,  often 
called  haricot  bean.  2.  —  dall'  occhio, 
a  variety  of  Vigna  sinensis,  Indian  bean, 
•v.  Occhio  (5).  3.  —  rampicante  da  fiori 
rossi,  scarlet  runner,  Phaseolns  multi- 
florus.  4.  —  caracalla,  v.  Fiore  (16,  x). 
5.  in  //.,  fowls'  testicles.  6.  (pers.) 
large  tooth.  7.  blockhead.  8.  Andare 
una  cosa  a  — ,  to  be  agreeable ;  Questa 
faccenda  non  mi  va  punto  a  — ,  I  don't 
like  this  job  at  all. 

Fagliare  (mlt.  falliare,  to  eject  from 
office,  <  mlt.  fallia,  absence  from  duty, 
<  L.  fallere) ;  =  Sfagliare,  to  discard. 
—  a  denari,  to  be  short  of  money. 

Faglio  m. ;  discard. 

•Fagno  (O.H.G.feihno,>Germ.  fein);  sly. 

Fagbpiro  m.  (coined  <  Gr.  <£ay6«,  for  0^09, 
beech,  nupot,  corn);  (bet.)  buckwheat,  Polygimum 
phagopyrvm,  also  termed  Grano  saraceno. 

Fagott-accio/c^.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  of-o. 

Fagottista  m. ;  bassoon-player. 

Fag6tt-O  in.  (etytn.  unkn.  ;  cognate 
forms  occur  in  Fr.,  Provene;.,  Span,  and 
E.);  r.  bundle;  Far — ,  (a)  of  ill-fitting 
clothes,  to  bulge  out ;  (6)  to  pack  up 
and  be  off;  (c)  to  die.  2.  (mus.)  bas- 
soon. Aff.  -6ne  augm.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

*  Fagro  m. ',  —  Pagro. 

Falda/.  (O.H.G.fikida,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Feud); 
feud. 

Faina  /  (bit.  fagina,  prob.<fagits, 
beech,  cp.  Fr.  fouine,  old  Fr.  fayne, 
Span,  fuina ;  the  animal  is  termed 
Buchmarder  in  German) ;  pine-marten, 
weasel. 

Faio  m. ;  (t>ot.)  an  orchid,  Pftajvs. 
Falacrocorace  m. ;=Marangone,  cormorant. 

•  Falago ;  a  shade  of  black  (horse). 


*  Falalella  f.',  singing,  humming.    — titutrendo, 
words  without   meaning   imitating   the   sound   of  a 
guitar. 

*Falan-anna,  -inna  tn. ;  worthless,  effeminate 
person. 

*  Falandra/!;  a  fabulous  monster. 
FalangeyC  (L.,<Gr.  tfxiAayf);  phalanx. 

Falangio  or  Falanzio  m.  (L.,<Gr. 
<f>a\ciyyinv,  so  named  from  the  long  legs 
of  the  animal,  <pa\ayg  having  meant  a 
long  round  piece  of  wood) ;  harvest- 
man,  a  kind  of  spider  supposed  to  be 
poisonous,  Phalangium. 

Falangista  m. ;  a  genus  of  kangaroo. 

Falanstero    m.   (Fr.  phalanstire) ; 

1.  the  socialism  advocated  by  Fourier. 

2.  a  kind  of  barrack  for  workmen. 

Falanzio ;  v.  Falangio. 

Falarica  /  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  <j>a\6s,  shin- 
ing, <£dor,  light)  ;  burning  arrow,  a  sort 
of  missile  bound  round  with  tow  and 
smeared  with  pitch,  for  setting  fire  to 
the  enemy's  works. 

Falaride/^;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  grasses  including 
Plifilnris  canariensis,  the  source  of  canary-seed. 

Falar6po  m.  (Gr.  4>aAapo?,  white,  wi/«,  face); 
i.  —  a  becco  sottile,  or —  iperborco,  greyphalarope, 
Pkalaropus  hyperboreus.  2.  —  a  becco  largo,  or  — 
rosso,  red-necked  phalarope,  Phalaropusfulicarius. 

Falasco  tn. ;  some  kind  of  water  plant. 

*  Falavesca  f. ;  —  Favolesca,  spark. 
•Falbala  m.  or/,  Falbald  »«.;=  Falpala,  trim- 

mtng. 

•Falbo  (O.H.G.  falo,  cp.  A.S.  fealu,  pale  red, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Fallow,  adj.)\  tawny. 

Falca/;  (mar.}  wash-board,  move- 
able  plank  for  adding  to  the  free-board 
of  a  boat. 

Falcaccio  m.;i.  pegg.  Falco.  2.  fig. 
awkward  woman  who  is  always  breaking 
and  upsetting  things. 

*  Falcare ;  i.  to  bend  over;  —  il  passo,  to  bend 
the  body  or  leg  in  quick  springy  walking,  D.  Purg. 
18.  94.     ii.  to  arm  a  chariot  with  scythes. 

'Falcastro  >«.;  bill-hook. 

Falcatayl;  a  sort  of  buck -jump,  falcade,  the 
motion  of  a  horse  in  a  very  quick  curvet,  springing 
off  the  hind  legs,  v.  Falce  (6). 

Falcate  ;  i.  sickle-shaped.  2.  Carro 
— ,  ancient  Persian  war-chariot  armed 
with  scythes. 

Falce/  (L.falx);  i.  sickle.  2.  - 
fienaia,  or  simply  — ,  scythe  ;  Mettere 
la  —  nel  campo  altrui,  to  interfere  in 
other  people's  business,  or  to  talk  about 
what  one  does  not  understand  ;  Esser 
vicino  alia  — ,  to  be  nearly  ripe  for 
cutting.  3.  —  a  gramola,  chaff-cutter. 
4.  bill-hook  for  pruning.  5.  (anat.) 
membrane  separating  the  two  lobes  of 
the  brain.  6.  (vet.)  arch  of  the  hind 
leg  of  a  horse.  7.  =  Corda  magna, 
principal  tendon  of  the  leg. 

Falcetto  m. ;  dim.  Falce. 

Fatchetta/;;  (mar.)  dim.  Falca,  wash-board. 

Falch^tto ;;/.;  i.  hobby,  v.  Lodolaio.  2.  orange- 
legged  hobby,  v.  Barletta.  3.  any  kind  of  small 
hawk. 

Falciagione  / ;  mowing-time. 
Falciare ;  to  mow. 
Falciata  / ;    i.    mowing.     2.   cut 
with  a  scythe. 

Falci-atdre  m.,  -atdra,  -atriceyT;  mower. 

Falciaturay; ;  mowing,  or  the  season  for  mowing. 

Falcidi-ay:;  i.  in  Roman  law,  the  Falcidian 
quarter,  the  quarter  of  a  testator's  estate  assured  to 
the  heir  by  deduction  from  the  legacies  of  the  will 
when  these  would  otherwise  prevent  the  share  of  the 
heir  from  amounting  to  a  quarter.  Hence  2.  deduc- 
tion of  any  substantial  kind  made  from  a  bill  before 
paying  it.  Aff.  -are  vb. 


232 

Falcif6rme;  as  E. 

Falcigli6ne  #*.;  =  Beccaccino,  snipe. 

FalcinellayC;  pastrycook's  curved  knife. 

Falcinello  m.\  i.  green  ibis  (bird),  Ibis  f  aid - 
ttfllut,  also  termed  Mignattaio.  2.  =  Pennato,  bill- 
hook. 

Falcfno,  Falciblo  ;;/.,  Falcibla  / ; 
small  bill-hook  or  sickle. 

Falci6ne  m. ;  i.  hay-cutting  knife, 
hay-cutter  fixed  in  position  for  cutting 
hay  against  it  by  hand.  2,  —  a  gra- 
mola,  an  apparatus  where  the  knife  is 
moveable.  3.  —  a  ruota,  inglese,  or  a 
volano  trinciante, chaff-cutting  machine. 
4.  (mil.  hist.)  falchion,  a  short  broad- 
bladed  sword. 

*Falciuol-ay^,  -o  m.\  dims,  of  Falce. 

Falco  m.  (lateL./rt/<re>,<the  stemyTz/c,  bending, 
from  a  hawk's  curved  beak  and  claws,  cp.  L.y!r/.r, 
sickle);  hawk.  i.  —  aquilastro,  osprey,  v.  infra 
(15).  2.  —  aquiHno  bianco,  =  Biancone,  harrier. 

3.  —    bottaone,    or    cappone,  =  Poiana,    buzzard. 

4.  — calzato,  =  Poiana  calzata,  rough-legged  buzzard. 

5.  —  cappone,  v.  sufim  (^).     6.   —  cappuccino,  cas- 
tagnolo,  rossiccio  dt  pal  tide,  or  con  il  collare,  marsh- 
harrier,  Circus  aeruginosus.     7.  —  cuculo,  orange- 
legged  hobby,  v.  Barletta.     8.   —  grillaio,  a  species 
of  kestrel,  Cerchneis  Nautnnnni,  also  termed  Grillaio, 
Acertello,  Gheppio  minore  orA\  torre.     9.  —  lanario, 
or  Lanario,  Falco   Feldeggii.      10.    —  molinaro  or 
pigargo,  hen-harrier,  v.  Atbanella.     n.    —  nero,  v, 
Nibbio  nero.      12.    —  palombino,   sparrpwhawk,  v. 
Sparviere.     13.  —  di  paltide,  marsh-harrier,  v,  suf>ra 
(6).       14.     —    pecchiaiolo,    honey-buzzard,    Pernis 
apivorus.     15.   —  pescatore,  osprey,  Pandion  kali" 
aftus,  also  termed  Arpia,  Falco  aquilastro.     16.  — 
pigargo,  hen-harrier,  v.  supra  (10).     17.    —   reale, 
peregrine  falcon,  7'.   Falcone.     18.    —  della  regina, 
a     Sardinian     species,     Ilyfotriorchis     EUonorae. 
19.  —  rossiccio,  marsh -harrier,  v,  supra  (6).     20.  — 
da  uccelli,  hobby,  z».   Lodolaio.     See  also   Falcone, 
infra,  in  loco.     *=Falcata. 

Falcola_/;  (L./aculat<f<ix,  it.  Face);  church 
candle. 

*  Falcoliere  aaj.\  shining  brightly. 
*Falconaray:;  (mar.)  a  strengthening  piece  in 

a  ship. 

*  Falconare ;  to  go  out  hawking. 
Falconcello  m.\  young  hawk,  eyas. 
Falcdne  m,  (variant  of  Falco)  m.\   i.  hawk  of 

various  species :  (a)  — ,  peregrine  falcon,  Falco 
peregrintis,  also  termed  Falco  reale,  Falcone  pelle- 
grino,  Sparviere  pellegrino,  Terzolo  pellegrino. 
(&)  —  atro,  kite,  v.  Nibbio  nero.  (r)  —  bozzago, 
buzzard,  v.  Poiana.  (d)  —  cenericcio,  Montagu's 
harrier,  v.  Albanella  minore.  (e)  —  coi  piedi  rossi, 
orange-legged  hobby,  v.  Barletta.  (f)  —  dorato, 
golden  eagle,  v.  Aquila.  (^)  —  gridatore,  ?'.  Aquila 
anatraia.  (X)  —  a  piedi  pennuti,  rough-legged 
buzzard,  v.  Poiana  calzata.  2.  battering-ram.  3.  a 
long  kind  of  cannon.  4.  beam  or  combination  of 
beams  to  carry  a  pulley  for  raising  heavy  weights. 
5.  =  Pesce  aquila,  a  species  of  ray.  6.  Gettar  il  — , 
fig.  to  make  love. 

Falconella  /.;  an  Australian  song-bird. 

Falconello  m.;  shrike,  ?'.  Averla  (3)  and  (4). 

FalconeriayC;  the  art  of  falconry. 

Falcon6tto  «.;  falconet,  an  old  kind  of  light 
field  -gun. 

Falconiera/;  (mar.)=  Puntale,  deck  stanchion. 

Falconiere  m.\  falconer. 

Fald-a  /  (O.H.G.  fait,  akin  to  E. 
fold) ;  any  thin  stratum  of  material  : 
i.  layer  of  paste  for  Agnellotti  (meat 
patties)  or  the  like.  2.  natural  stratum 
of  rock.  3.  thin  slab  of  stone  or  slate. 
4.  flake  of  snow  or  of  fire.  5.  -e  della 
giubba,  coat-tails,  flaps  ;  hence,  6.  dress- 
coat.  7.  loin,  of  meat.  8.  brim  of  a 
hat.  9.  -e,  the  lower  slopes  of  a 
mountain.  10.  the  rump  part  of  the 
skin  of  a  hare  prepared  for  making  a 
hat ;  —  matta,  the  same  if  other  parts 
of  the  skin  are  taken  therewith,  n.  A 
—  a— ,  little  by  little. 

*  i.  the  lower  chain-work  part  of  body-armour, 
hence  ii.  fif.  protection,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  29.  4. 
iii.  pocket  in  a  coat  flap.  iv.  =  Dande,  leading- 
strings,  v.  =  Cigne,  braces,  vi.  ^  A  —  a  — ,  in 
layers,  vii.  Di  —  in  — ,  in  all  directions. 

*Faldata/;  i.  quantity  of  flakes.    ii.=Bottata. 


FALCIFORME— FALSARE 

Faldato ;  i.  stratified,  flaky.  2.  pleat- 
ed. *made  with  flaps. 

Faldella  / ;  charpie,  linen  or  lint 
shredded  down  so  as  to  form  a  soft 
material  for  dressing  wounds,  usu.  Fila. 

*i.  dim.  of  Falda.  ii.  a  quantity  of  wool,  ten 
pounds  in  weight,  beaten  down  before  being  greased 
for  combing  out.  iii.  small  skein  of  silk.  iv.  trickery, 
cheating. 

•Faldellato;  besmeared. 

•  Faldell-etta,  *-ina,  *-uccia,  *-uzza;  dims. 
of -a. 

•Faldettay?;  dim.  Falda,  snow-flake. 

•  Faldiglia /.;  i.  lady's  hoop.    ii.  overcoat. 
•Faldiglino  m. ;  dim.  Faldiglia. 

Faldino  m. ;  coat  with  short  flaps  or 
person  wearing  one. 

Faldi-st6ro  or  -stbrio  m.  (m\t.falde- 
storium,<O.H.G.faltsfuol,<faltan,  to 
fold,  stuol,  chair,  cp.  E.  faldstool) ; 
episcopal  chair,  with  arms  but  no  back. 

•Faldo  w.;=  Falda  (9),  mountain-slope. 
•Faldolina/;  dim.  Falda. 

Fald-6na  /,  -6ne  m.  ;  dress-coat 
with  long  tails. 

Fald6so ;  flaky.  *  with  many  slopes, 
v.  Falda  (9). 

Falegname  m.  (It.  fare,  legname)  ; 
joiner. 

Fale'na  pop.  Folena,  Fulena/  (L., 
<  Gr.  (j)d\aiva,  root  fa,  to  shine,  cp. 
<j)aiva>,  <pa\apas  shining)  ;  i.  layer  of 
ash  on  red-hot  charcoal.  2.  ash  of 
burnt  paper.  3.  moth.  4.  dandelion 
flower  blown  out  into  seed.  5.  fidgety 
person,  trind  of  a  pine-kernel. 

Falerato  ;  adorned  with  Falere. 

Falere  /  //.  (L.  ,<Gr.  <£oAapa,  cheek  pieces  of 
a  helmet);  metal  plates  used  as  badges  of  distinction. 

Falerno  m. ;  Falernian  wine,  from  a  district  of 
Campania,  the  Falernus  ager. 

Faleucio  (from  *oAaueos,  the  name  of  an 
ancient  Gr.  poet);  Verso  — ,  hendecasyllabic,  con- 
sisting  of  a  spondee,  a  dactyl  and  three  trochees, 
e.g.  Vidi,  credite  per  lactts  Lvcrinos. 

•Falimbello  m.\  \.  an  unknown  bird.  ii.  incon- 
stant person. 

tFaliva  f.  (Graeco-Lat.  stem  fal,  bright,  v. 
Falb) ;  =  Scintilla,  spark. 

Falla  f.  (A)  (cogn.  Proveng.  falha, 
old  Fr.  faille,  <  L.  fallere,  to  miss) ; 
leak. 

•  i    fault,     ii.  Senza  — ,  undoubtedly. 
*(B)=Fallo,  phallus. 
•Fallabile;  deceitful. 

Fallace  (\..,<fallere,  to  deceive,  v.  Fallire); 
i.  fallacious.  2.  fleeting  (colour).  AJf.  FallAcia. 

•  Fallaggio  w. ;  i.  =  Fallo.    ii.  treachery. 

•  Fallaninna  m. ;  dainty  person. 
•Fallanza/.;  error,  defeat,  failure. 

Fallare  (var.  of  Fallire);  i.  to  make 
mistakes.  It  is  only  used  in  certain 
proverbs  such  as  Chi  non  fa  non  falla, 
he  makes  no  mistakes  who  makes 
nothing.  2.  at  cards,  to  be  short  of 
a  suit. 

•  i.  to  disregard  (rules),     ii.  to  deceive. 

•  Falli  ;«.;  Senza  — ,  without  fail. 
Fallibil-e,  -it&;  as  E. 
Fallico;  phallic,  Bacchic. 

Fallime'nto  m. ;  failure,  bankruptcy. 
Restare  or  Rimanere  al  — ,  (a)  to  make 
a  loss  by  the  bankruptcy  of  one's  debtor, 
(*)  fiS-  to  De  deceived  in  one's  expecta- 
tions. 

Fall-ire  ind.  -isco  (bit.,  <  L.  fallere, 
further  etym.  dub. ;  possibly  akin  to 
O.H.G.  fol,  silly,  from  a  root  dhuela, 
cp.  Skeat,  sub  Dull)  ;  i.  to  make  a 


mistake.  2.  to  fail,  disappoint  expec- 
tations. 3.  to  miss  fire.  4.  to  fail,  go 
bankrupt ;  —  col  sacchetto  pienp,  to  be 
a  fraudulent  bankrupt.  5.  tr.  —  il  colpo, 
to  miss  one's  aim.  6.  Mestiere  -ito, 
unprofitable  trade.  7.  -ito  di  mente, 
feeble-minded. 

*  i.  to  be  wanting,     ii.   to  sin.     iii.  to  come  to  an 
end.     iv.  of  the  sun,  to  set,     v.  to  overlook,     vi.  to 
offend. 

Fallp  m.  (A)  (It.  fallire) ;  i.  slight 
fault,  failing.  2.  at  the  game  of  Pallone, 
limiting  line  of  play ;  II  pallone  ha 
battuto  fuori  del  — ,  the  ball  has  dropped 
beyond  the  line,  similarly  at  billiards  or 
other  games  ;  Far  — ,  to  make  a  stroke 
not  allowed  by  the  rules.  3.  M'  ha  fatto 
-  la  memoria,  my  memory  is  at  fault. 
4.  Mettere  il  piede  in  — ,  to  tread 
upon  slippery  ground.  5.  geological 
fault. 

•i.  Vederein  —  ,  =  Travedere.  ii.  ApporsHn  — , 
=  Non  apporsi.  iii.  Far  —  a  uno,  =  Fargli  de'  torti. 
iv.  Porre  in  — ,  to  use  to  no  purpose. 

(B)(L.,<Gr.  <£oAA6s);  t.  phallus.  2.  stinkhorn 
fungus,  Phallus fetidus. 

•Falloppa ;  v.  Faloppa. 

•Falluto;  o\Afart.  Fallire. 

Falb  m.  (Fr.  falot,  lantern,  formerly 
fanot,  cp.  Venetian  and  Sicilian  /and, 
</an,  stem  of  Gr.  <f>at>6s,  lantern,  with 
dim.  suffix  ;  root  Ma,  bright,  v.  Face)  ; 

1.  bonfire.   2.fig.=  Arrumo,Scompiglio; 
Alia  festa  di  ballo  iersera  ci  fu  un  — , 
there  was  a  lot  of  romping  at  the  dance 
yesterday  evening. 

*  Faloia  f. ;  var.  of  Faliva. 

Falopp-a  (Falloppa)/  (m\t.  falitppa, 
chaff,  of  unkn.  origin);  I.  a  silk  cocoon 
not  perfected  by  the  silk-worm,  which 
has  died  inside  it.  2.  fig.  lying  boaster. 
Aff.  -6ne  augtn. 

*Falorfia/;  =  Fandonia,  lie,  fiction. 

Fal6tico ;  queer. 

Etyni.  Cogn.  Fr.  falot,  queer,  which  may 
possibly  be  formed  from  the  sb.  /alot,  lantern,  for 
which  v.  Fal6,  nor  is  it  known  whether  Fr.  falot 
is  from  It  falotico  or  vice  versa,  v.  Littre,  sub 
Falot. 

Falpala  (Falbala)  m. ;  flounce. 

Etym.  unkn.  The  word  occurs  in  Fr.,  Span., 
Portug.  and  under  the  form  Furbelow  in  E.,  and  as 
Falbel  in  Germ.  There  are  Ital.  dialectic  variants 
Frambala,  Farabala,  Frappola. 

Falsa/;    i.  =  Falsatura,  insertion. 

2.  (mus.)  discord. 

Falsa-banda  /  ;  (mar.)  Aver  — ,  to 
be  lopsided. 

Falsabraca  (Falsabraga)  pi.  Fal- 
sebrache  /;  (fortif.}  low  rampart  at 
the  foot  of  the  principal  rampart. 

Falsagagia  / ;  acacia-tree,  Robinia 
pseudacacia. 

Falsagrdnda/  ;  (arch.)  carrying  up 
a  wall  so  as  to  make  a  gutter  between 
wall  and  roof,  hiding  the  slope  of  the 
roof. 

Falsamtnte ;  falsely. 
Falsamonete  m.  indecl. ;  coiner. 
Falsa-portay".;  v.  Falso  (3). 
*  Falsardo  m.\  sorcerer. 

Falsare;  i.  to  falsify.  2.  to  put  the 
insertions  in  a  dress,  v.  Falsatura. 

*i.  to  violate  justice,  ii.  to  damage  (armourX 
demonstrate  its  poor  quality. 


FALSAREDINE— FANTASMA 


233 


Falsaredine,  //.  falseredine  /; 
i.  false  rein,  for  guiding  a  horse  with- 
out being  attached  to  the  bit.  2.  =  Fal- 
sariga, guide. 

Falsariga  /;  i.  paper  ruled  with 
thick  lines  for  placing  under  a  sheet 
of  unruled  paper  on  which  it  is  desired 
to  write  straight.  2.  model,  for  servile 
imitation. 

Falsario  in. ;  forger. 
Falsa-squadra/;  bevel,  v.  Squadra. 
Falsa-t6re  m.,  -trice  / ;  v.  Falsare. 

Falsatura  / ;  strip  of  lace  or  the 
like  inserted  between  two  pieces  of  a 
lady's  dress. 

Fals-etto  as  E.,  -ificabile,  -ificamento, 
-ificare,  -ificatore,  -iflcatrice,  -ificazione, 
-ita;  v.  -o. 

Falso  (L.,  part,  of  fallere,  to  de- 
ceive) ;  i.  false,  in  all  senses,  as  E. 
2.  -a  gronda,  u.  Falsagronda.  3.  Porta 
-a,  (a)  sham  door,  (6)  secret  door.  As 
si. :  4.  forgery.  5.  in  fencing,  feint. 
6.  Posare  in  — ,  of  a  wall,  to  overhang, 
to  be  insecure.  7.  Fianco  — ,  (»tar.)  = 
Falsabanda,  lopsidedness  ;  —  ponte, 
lower  deck  in  a  ship  with  four  decks. 

Falsohord6ne  ;  v.  *Bordone  (vii). 

*  Falta  /.  (cogn.    Fr.  /ante,  <  "fallita,   act  of 
failing,  <  T..  falle re);=  Diffalta,  fault  or  default. 

*  Faltare  ;  =  Mancare,  to  be  wanting. 

Falterdna  /. ;  a  mountain  in  the 
Casentino  where  the  Arno  rises.  Par 
venuto  dalla  — ,  i.e.  he  is  a  rough, 
uncouth  sort  of  person. 

Fama  /  (L.,  root  bha,  to  display, 
cp.  Gr.  0i;/u',  E.  ban,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fate, 
Ban) ;  i.  fame.  2.  general  report. 
*  =  Fame,  hunger. 

*Famare;  to  make  known. 
*Famato;  hungry. 

Fame  /  (cogn.  Fr.  faint,  Span. 
famne,  /iam6>-t!,<L.  fames,  root  ghe,  to 
gape,  cp.  Gr.  x<uVa>,  L.faiiscor,  to  gape, 
fessus,  weary,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub 
Fatigue,  Walde,  sub  Fames) ;  I.  hunger. 
2.  dearth.  3.  Morto  di — ,  spreg.  =  ¥r. 
meurt-de-faim,  wretched  creature. 

Famedio  m. ;  a  sort  of  temple  of 
Fame,  at  Milan. 

Famelic-o  (L.)  ;  starving.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Famigerato  (L.,<fama,  gero) ;  no- 
torious. 

Famigli-a  /  (L.  familia,  collective 
term  for  all  the  people  in  a  household, 
v.  Famulo)  ;  family.  Aff.  -accia,  pegg. 

Famigliare  ;  i.q.  Familiare. 

Famiglio  m. ;  (hist.)  bailiff.  *ser- 
vant. 

Famiglibla  / ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Fa- 
miglia.  2.  a  species  of  edible  fungus, 
v.  Ditole. 

Famiglidna /.;  augm.  important  family. 
Familiare  ;  familiar.    As  so.,  servant. 
Familiar-ita,  -izzare,  -mente;  as  E. 
Famfna  f.\    dim.    of    Fame  (in    speaking    to 
children). 

Fam6s-o  ;  I.  famous.  2.  Libello — , 
defamatory  libel.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

H. 


Famuccia/;  dim.  scherz.  Fama. 

*Famulato  m.  ;  condition  of  being  a  servant, 
service. 

*  Famulatorio  ;  auxiliary  (verb),  other  than 
Essere  and  Avere,  eg.  Potere. 


,        .  . 

•Famulo  (L.  famulus,  cp.  old  L.  famul,  Oscan 
fniHcl,  from  an  Oscan  **faama,  house,  deduced 
from  the  known  Oscan  faamat,  he  dwells,  cp, 
Sanskr.  dliaman,  residence,  root  title,  to  place); 
servant. 

tFana  /C  ;  =  Faggiola,  beech-nut. 
Fanalaio  m.  ;  light-house  keeper  in  a  port. 

Fanal-e  m.  (blt./a«a//>,<Gr.  <j>avos, 
torch,  root  bha,  v.  Face)  ;  i.  lantern. 
2.  (mar.)  ship's  light.  3.  light  of  a 
light-house.  4.  the  light-house  itself. 
5.  street  or  carriage  lamp,  usu,  Lam- 
pione.  6.  lamp  for  illuminations,  pro- 
cessions, etc. 

Aff.  -etto  or  -mo  dims.,  -ista  lamp-trimmer, 
-6ne  ajigm. 

Fanari6ta  in.  ;  Greek  of  the  Phanariot  quarter 
at  Constantinople. 

Fanat-ico;  as  E.  Etym.  L.  fanaticus,  be- 
longing or  devoted  to  a  fanum,  shrine.  Fanum 
is  for  **fas-nitm,  where  fas-  means  "  religious 
rites,"  hence  fanum,  the  place  therefor,  cp.  L.  fas, 
divine  law,  fer.iae,  sacred  holidays,  Sanskr.  dhis- 
ttyas,  gods,  from  an  Indogerm.  **  dhe-s,  sacred 
use,  root  dlie,  to  do  ;  v.  Walde,  sub  Fanum,  where 
he  discusses  derivation  from  the  root  of  Fari,  to 
speak,  but  prefers  that  summarised  above.  Aff. 
-icamente,  -ismo,  -izzare. 

*Fancello  m.  ;  i.  v.  Fanciullo.  ii.  =  Ga_rzone, 
servant,  iii.  =  Donzello,  beadle,  iv.  apprentice. 

Fanciullaccia  /;  (hot.)  love-in-a-mist,  v. 
Scapigliata. 

Fanciull-o  m.  (**  in-fantiolus,  <  L. 
infans,  <  in,  fari,  to  speak,  root  bha, 
v.  Fama)  ;  boy.  -a  f.  ;  girl. 

Aff.  -accio  -accia  peggs.,  -aggine  childish  trick, 
-ata  boyish  trick,  -escamjSnte,  -esco,  -etto  -etta  dims., 
-ezza  childhood,  -ino  -ina  dims,  vezz.,  -one  -ona 
aHgms. 

*  Fandone  m.  ;  idle  speaker.    The  word,  together 
with  Fandonare,  to  srjeak  idly  or  impertinently,  is 
given  by  Florio  and  is  presumably  an  tiugm.  based 
upon  \j.fandus,  gerund  of  fari,  to  speak,  v.  Favella. 

Fand6nia/  (It.  fandone)  ;  invention, 
wild  fiction,  cp.  Fanfaluca. 

Fandoni6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  braggart. 

•Fanellay;;  var.  of  Flanello,  flannel. 

Fanello  m.;  i.  linnet,  v.  Montanello. 

2.  —  gentile,   red-poll,   v.   Organetto. 

3.  —  Riska,  twite,  v.  Montanello  fore- 
stiero. 

Fanerdgamo  ;  (hot.)  phanerogamous. 
Fan£se  ;  of  the  city  of  Fano. 

*  Fanfalecco  m.  ;  =  Atto  smorfioso  e  da  ragazzi. 

Fanfaluca  yi;  i.  nonsensical  story, 
idle  invention,  much  the  same  as  Fan- 
donia  but  with  more  idea  of  pleasing 
and  more  innocence  ;  Fanfaluche  da 
innamorati,  lovers'  nonsense.  2.  trump- 
ery bit  of  finery.  3.  fig.  silly  romantic 
notion. 

*  i.    spark   flying  up  off  burning  rubbish,     ii.    a 
kind  of  pastry  in  thin  flakes. 

Etym.  mlt.  famaluca  or  fampoluca,  cp.  old 
Fr.  fanfelue,  fanfelucke,  Fr.  fanfrelitche,  a  trifle 
light  as  a  bubble,<Gr.  iro^6Au£,  the  /  being  as- 
similated intoy";  jro^w^oAuf  means  "water  bubble," 
also  ornament  for  the  head  worn  by  women,  and 
slag  or  scoriae  left  on  the  surface  of  melted  ore. 

*  Fanfalucola  /.;  ash  of  burnt  straw  or  paper. 
•Fanfana;  i.  A—,  v.  Fanfera.     ii.  v.  Fanfano. 

Fanfan-0  m.,  *-a  /  ;  malicious  bab- 
bler. t  pilot  fish,  v.  Pilota. 

Etym.  dub.  Two  suggestions  are  forthcoming, 
(i)  that  of  Diez,  making  the  word  cognate  to  Fan- 
farone,  boaster,  v.  Fanfara,  (2)  that  of  Storm,  who 
classes  it  with  Fanfaluca,  along  with  the  dialectic 
forms  Fanfulla  (Milanese),  Fanfola  (Comascan), 
Fanfonj  (Sicilian),  meaning  joke,  <  Gr.  iro/u/K>Ai>£ 
bubble,  through  **/««/<#».  "fdnfolo  (cp.  Segola, 
Segale,  <  L.  secdle),  Fanfano  (cp.  Modano,  <  L. 
modutuni).  By  a  further  change  (with  a  parallel  in 


Cecero,<Cecino,  swan)  Storm  would  obtain  Fanfero, 
and  perhaps  Vanvera,  either  under  attraction  from 
vano  or  from  simple  change  in  pronunciation.  He 
adduces  the  word  Sfanfanare,  q.v.  in  loco,  in  support 
of  his  hypothesis.  But  all  this,  as  Kflrtlng  says,  is 
not  very  convincing,  and  Diez's  assumption  of  an 
imitative  base  is  decidedly  preferable. 

Fanfara  /  ;  i.  military  band. 
2.  military  music. 

Etym.  Fr.  fanfare  of  unkn.  origin.  Diez  sur- 
mised an  imit.  L.  **fanfa,  meaning  primarily  the 
blare  of  a  trumpet,  and  so  a  noisy  blusterous  pro- 
ceeding, a  swaggering  and  boasting,  with  derivatives 
old  Spanish  fan/a,  Span,  fanfarria  (>Fr.  fanfare, 
a  flourish  of  trumpets),  Span./<i«/rtr/wi  (>  Yr.fan- 
faron,  boaster),  Spzn.farifarrear,  to  play  the  bravo, 
Portug.  fanfarrao.  These  words,  however,  are 
traced  by  Spanish  dictionaries  to  an  Arabic  fan- 
khara,  boastful. 

Fanfaronata  /  ;  boastful  speech. 

Fanfar6ne  m.  (Fr.fanfaron,  v.  Fan- 
fara) ;  blusterer. 

Fanfera  (v.  Fanfano,  etym.,  sub  fin.'); 
A  — ,  at  random,  the  same  as  A  van- 
vera. 

•Fanferina/.;  i.  =  Baia,  Burla,  joke.  ii.  Dire 
in  — ,  =  Parlare  a  vanvera,  to  talk  at  random. 

tF4nfero  m.  (v.  Fanfano,  etym.,  sub  Jin.); 
anxious,  timid  person. 

Fanga  f. ;  deep  mud,  worse  than 
Fango,  q.v. 

Fang-accio  m.  ;  pop.  for  Fango. 
-aia/;  muddy  road,  -atura/;  taking 
mud  baths.  -Mccio  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Fanghfglia  /;  i.  practically  the 
same,  but  not  quite  so  bad  as  Fanga. 
2.  muddy  deposit. 

Fang-o  m.;  i.  mud.  2.  in  //.,  mud 
baths.  Ajf.  -osita,  -6so. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Lombard  dial,  fanga,  Proven5. 
fane  and  fanka,  old  Fr.  fane,  faing,  Fr.  fange, 
Walloon  fanje,  Catalan  fang,  Span.yrt«^<7,<Gothic 

fani,  genitive  fangis,  cp.  O.H.G.  /tnni,  A.&./tnx 
(>  E.  fen),  Dutch  vt'en.  For  the  intrusion  of  the  g 
cp.  vengo,  =  Proven^,  veuc,  <L.  venio.  The  feminine 
forms  are  from  a  Germanic  fanja,  cp.  Q.H.G.fenna, 

fenne. 

*  Fangotto  m. ;  =  Fagotto,  bundle. 
*Fannonnolo  ;  =  Baggeo,  silly. 

Fannull6ne,  Fanull6ne  m.  (It.  fare, 
nulla) ;  idler. 

•Fano  m.  (L.);  i.  fane,  temple,    ii.  =  Faro,  light. 

Fan6ne  m.  (b\t.fa>i<>,<O.H.G.fan<>, 
cloth,  >  Germ.  Fahne,  banner,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Vane);  i.  strip  of  cloth  or  silk 
fastened  to  the  end  of  a  lance  to  serve 
as  a  flag  in  case  of  need.  2.  vestment 
worn  only  by  the  Pope,  woven  in  silk 
of  four  colours  and  embroidered  with 
a  gold  cross.  3.  in  //.,  whalebones. 
4.  =  Lanternone.  5.  a  kind  of  splint 
for  a  broken  bone. 

Fantaccino  m. ;  common  soldier. 

*  Fantaio  m. ;  =  Servaiolo,  one  who  makes  love  to 
servants. 

Fantascopo,  Fant6scopo  m.  •  instrument  for 
measuring  the  duration  of  an  image  on  the  retina. 

Fantasi-a  /  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Phantom)  ;  i.  imagination,  fancy. 
2.  fanciful  object.  3.  (mus.)  fantasia ; 
Di  — ,  improvised.  4.  freak.  5.  fancy, 
liking.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Fantasima  m.  •  phantom. 

Fantasi-6so  ;  fanciful,  -sta  w. ; 
fanciful  person,  -uccia  f. ;  dim.  spreg. 
of -a. 

Fantasma  ;«. ;  phantasm,  spectre. 
3° 


234 


FANTASMAGORIA— FARE 


Fantasmagor-la  /  (Gr.  </>aWao-/«i, 
ayopa)  ;  I.  fantastic  series  of  illusive 
images.  2.  figures  thrown  together 
upon  a  screen  by  a  magic  lantern.  Aff. 
-icame'ntej  -ico. 

Fantasticaggine  f.\  i.q.  Fantasticheria. 

Fantast-icamente  adv.,  -icare  to  build  up 
fancies,  -icheria  vain  fancies,  -ich^tto  dim.  vezz. 
of -ico,  -ico  as  E.,  -ic6ne  «/.,  -ic6na_/.  dreamer. 

Fant-e  m.  orf.  (T/.  Fanteria) ;  i.  foot- 
soldier.  2.  at  cards,  knave  ;  Parere  il 
—  di  picche,  to  make  an  ass  of  oneself, 
v>  Picca  (3).  3.  Scherza  co'  -i  e 
lascia  stare  i  santi,  ///.  joke  with  men 
and  not  with  saints,  i.e.  cultivate  rever- 
ence. 4.  as  f.  =  Serva,  maidservant, 
obsolete  except  in  the  prov*  Ouando  la 
padrona  folleggia  la  —  danneggia. 

*  i.  man-servant,    ii.  prov.  Letters  fatta  —  aspetta, 
=  Cosa  fatta  capo  ha,  what  is  done  should  be  done 
with.     iii.    Esser  —  d'  uno,   to  be  dependent  upon 
him.      iv.     Lesto    — ,  =  Uomo    furbo,    sly    fellow, 
v.  =  Fanciullo,  boy.     vi.   Bel  — ,  or  Un  tocco  di  — , 
a    fine    well-built    man.      vii.  =  Staffetta,    courier, 
viii.    —   di   stalla,  =  Stalliere,   stable-boy,     ix,    -i  a 
piede,  or  da  pie,  =  Fantaccini,  foot-soldiers,     x.   — 
leggiero,  light  infantryman,     xi.  —  perduto,  veteran 
soldier,      xii.    Restare  or  Rimanere   un    bel   — t  = 
Restar  burlato,  to  be  the  victim  of  a  joke.    xiii.  (from 
\J.fari)=  Parlante,  i.e.  human  being,  D.  Purg.  25. 
61.     xiv.  =  Fancello. 

*  Fanteggiare  ;  to  act  like  a  servant. 

*  Fantelli  ;;/.//.;  =  !  pilastri  delle  travi  traverse 
della  fornace. 

Fanteria/;  infantry. 

Etym.  A  shortened  form  of  Infanteria,  <  In- 
fante (<  L.  infans,  boy),  which  passed  into  the  sense 
of  servant,  like  L./w^rand  Gr.  irais.  Then,  inasmuch 
as  the  nobles  in  the  middle  ages  fought  on  horseback 
followed  by  their  retainers  on  foot,  the  word  came  to 
mean  foot-soldier  and  so,  generally,  soldier. 


Fant^sca/;  serving-maid. 


-ilia   ULUC   K1T1,      -iiicnw   itit/i.    trezz.    ui    -mu, 

eria    i.  =  Malizia,    bad    action,      ii.  =  Ragazzata, 
boyish  trick.     *-inezza— Infanzia,  childhood. 

Fantinetti  m,  pl.\  (mar.')  whelps,  short  upright 
pieces  of  wood  placed  round  the  barrel  of  a  capstan 
to  prevent  it  being  chafed. 

Fantinp  m.  (dim.  Fante) ;  i.  jockey. 
2.  =Postiglione,  postillion.  3.  Esser  — 
or  fantina  di...,  to  be  capable  of  (some 
bold  or  revengeful  action). 

*  i.  small  boy.     ii.  young  servant. 
*Fantisino;  v.  Fanticino. 
*Fantocceria    f.\  =  Fanciullaggine,     childish 

prank. 

Fantbccia/;  i.  =  Bambola,  doll. 
2.  lay-figure  used  by  dressmakers  for 
showing  styles  of  dress. 

*  Fantocciagginey.;  puerile  act. 
*Fantocciaio  ;«.;  painter  fit  to  paint  dolls,  lit. 

dealer  in  dolls. 

Fantocciata  /  ;  i.  silly  trick. 
2.  puppet-show. 

Fantocefno  m. ;  dim.  Fantoccio. 

Fantbccio  m.  (augm.  Fante);  i.  = 
Burattino,  wood  and  rag  doll ;  fig. 
simple-minded,  half-silly  person.  2.  = 
Manichino,  lay-figure.  3.  scarecrow 
in  the  shape  of  a  figure.  4.  branch 
of  a  tree  stripped  of  its  leaves  on  which 
limed  twigs  are  fastened  for  catching 
birds. 

Fantpcci6n-e  m.,  -a  /. ;  augm.  of 
Fantocci-o,  -a. 

Fantolino  m. ;  dim.  Fantino,  little 
boy. 


*Fantonaccio  tf/.i  pegs-  Fantone,  frightful 
figure. 

*Fantone  m. ;  —  Bellimbusto,  Scioperone. 

Fanull6ne  ;  v.  Fannullone,  do- 
nothing. 

•Faonare  (fr.faanner,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fawn); 

of  animals,  to  drop  their  young. 

tFaonza/;  =  Afa. 
Fapi  ;«.;  Australian  pigeon,  Phapes. 

tFaray  (bit.  fara,  immigrated  family,  of  Ger- 
manic origin,  cp.  Germ,  fahren,  to  go) ;  i.  small 
farm.  ii.  formerly,  family,  tribe  or  the  place  of 
their  abode;  the  word  occurs  now  in  the  names  of 
places,  Fara  Sabina,  Fara  filiorum  Petri,  etc. 

tFarabolay:  (l..fari+/abula);  idle  invention. 

Farabol6ne,  Farabul6ne  m.;  mere 
talker,  v.  Farabola. 

Farabutto ;«. ;  untrustworthy  rascal. 

Etym.  Origin  attributed  to  Span,  faraute, 
which  from  meaning  messenger,  intermediary,  came 
to  signify  intriguer,  mischief-maker.  Faraute  is 
said  to  be  <  Fr.  ktraut,  as  to  which,  v.  Araldo,  and 
Skeat,  sub  Herald. 

Farandola  f. ;  farandole,  a  dance. 
t  Farange  f. ;  -  Farragine. 

Faradna  ;  Gallina  — ,  prairie-hen. 

Fara<5n-e  m. ;  i.  Pharaoh,  king  of 
Egypt.  2.  faro,  a  game  of  chance 
played  by  betting  on  the  order  in  which 
certain  cards  will  appear  when  taken 
singly  from  the  top  of  the  pack  (perhaps 
from  king  Pharaoh  on  one  of  the  cards). 
Ajf.  -ico. 

tFar-appa,  -appia  /?;=Farabola. 
*Farbalo  »/.;  —  Falpala,  flounce. 
Farchetola^;  teal,  Anas  crecca. 

*  Farciglione  m. ;  a  bird,  prob.  =  Farchetola. 

Farcf  no  m.  ( 'L.farciminum,  <farcire, 
to  stuff,  from  the  swelling  of  the  glands) ; 
farcy,  in  horses,  also  termed  Morva. 

*  Farda  f.  (cogn.    Span,  fardo,    Fr.  fard,  paint 
for  the  face,  <O.H.G.  farwjan,  to  paint,  >  Germ. 

farben)  ;  i.  dirty,  slimy  mess.    ii.  phlegm  coughed  up. 

*  Fardaggio  m.  (It.  fardo) ;  baggage  of  a  soldier. 

*  Fardare  (Fr.  farder,  v.  Farda);   to  paint  the 
face. 

Fardata/.  (It.  farda);  i.  blow  with 
a  dirty  rag.  2.  handful  of  sticky  stuff. 
3.  =  Cenciata,  spiteful  or  stinging  re- 
mark. 

*Fardellare;  =  Far  fardello. 

Fardelle'tto  m.;  dim.  Fardello. 

Fardellf.no  m. ;  dim.  Fardello,  esp. 
bunch  of  straw  tied  round  a  plant, 
against  frost. 

Fardello  m.  ;  bundle. 

Etym.  Prob.  of  Arabic  origin,  like  Fardo,  but 
possibly  akin  to  Fr.  hardcs,  clothes,  traps,  which  may 
be  Germanic,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Fardel,  Hatzfeld  and 
Darmstetter,  sub  Fardeau. 

*Fardo  tit.  (Span.yijr^?, < Arabic  farda,  bale  of 
goods);  package  of  drugs  or  spices. 

Fare  ind.  fo  fai  fa  facciamo  fate 
fanno,  imperf.  faceVo  or  faceVa  faceVi 
faceVa  facevamo  or  si  faceVa  facevdte 
or  facevi  faceVano,  perf.  f^ci  facdsti  i€ ce 
or  poet,  fe'  face'mmo  or  si  fece  or  pop, 
fe'cemo  or  poet,  fdmrno  facdste  or  pop. 
facesti  fdcero  or  pop.  fdciono,  fut.  faro 
farai  faril  far^mo  far^te  faranno,  cond. 
farei  fardsti  farebbe  faremmo  or  si 
farebbe  fardste  or  pop.  fardsti  fareb- 
bero  or  pop.  farebbano,  imperat.  fai  or 
fa"  fdccia  facciamo  fate  facciano  or  pop. 
faccino,  subj.  faccia  faccia  faccia  fac- 
ciamo facciate  facciano  or  pop.  faccino, 
imperf.  subj.  facdssi  facessi  facdsse  fa- 
cessimo  or  si  facdsse  fac^ste  or  pop. 


facessi    face'ssero    or  pop.    facessino, 
parts,  facente  facendo  fatto  (L.  facere). 

*  Obsolete  forms :  ist  pres.  ind.  fao  fazzo,  2nd 
faci,  3rd  face  faie  fane,  2nd  //.  facete  faite  fati, 
3rd  faceno  fon  fono  fonno. 

ist  imperf.  faceo,  3rd  fea  feceva  feva  fava, 
ist  pi.  facciavamo,  2nd  facciavate,  3rd  faceon 
facteno. 

ist  pcrf.  fei,  2nd  fasti,  3rd  fee  feo  fese,  ist  pi. 
facemo  fammo,  3rd  //.  facenno  facero  farono  feceno 
feciono  fenno  fennon  fero  fer  ferono  ferno. 

ist  fut.  faraggio  faraio  faceraggio  fero,  2nd 
ferai,  3rd  farao  fera,  ist  pi.  fareno. 

ist  cond.  farebbi  frei  fre,  2nd  fresti,  3rd  fare' 
farave  frebbe,  ist  pi.  faressimo,  3rd  farebbono 
farenno. 

ist,  2nd  or  3rd  subj.  facci  faccie  fazza,  ist  //. 
facciano  facemo  famo,  3rd  faccieno. 

ist  imperf.  subj.  faessi  fessi,  3rd  facessi  fesse, 
2nd  pi.  feste,  3rd  facessono. 

iiifin.  far! ;  gentnd  part,  faciendo  fando  fac- 
cendo  fazzando. 

Compounded  forms:  facensi  =  si  facevano,  femi 
or  femmi  =  mi  feci,  felli  =  H  fece,  fessi  =  si  fece, 
fermi  =  mi  fecero,  ferci  —  ci  fecero,  fersi  =  si  fecero, 
facensi  —  si  facevano,  farol  =  lo  far8,  faraio  — lo  fara, 
fecionlo  =  lo  fecero. 

i.  to  do.  2.  Farla  ad  uno,  to  play 
him  a  trick.  3.  Non  fate,  do  not 
trouble  yourself.  4.  to  make.  5.  Farsi, 
to  move ;  Farsi  alle  scale,  to  go  to  the 
stairs ;  Fatevi  a  me,  come  to  me.  6.  to 
suffice.  7.  to  do,  to  answer  the  purpose ; 
Guarda  se  queste  lend  ti  fanno  giusto, 
see  whether  these  glasses  are  right  for 
you.  8.  to  follow  the  trade  or  pro- 
fession of....  9.  to  rise  in  price,  or  to 
increase  in  size  ;  —  piue,  to  wax  brighter, 
D.  Par.  8.  46.  10.  Tutto  fa,  every  little 
helps,  ii.  Fa,  says  he  ;  Mi  trova,  e  fa 
"Si  va  a  Palermo?"  lo  gli  dissi :  "  Su- 
bito  ? "  Fa  lui  allora  :  Eh,  subito  no, 
he  finds  me  and  says,  Are  we  going  to 
Palermo?  Immediately?  said  I.  No, 
replies  he,  I  don't  mean  immediately. 
12.  of  the  natural  habitat  of  plants, 
Fiori  che  fanno  sull'  Alpi,  flowers  which 
grow  on  the  Alps.  13.  to  ripen,  Fichi 
che  fanno  a  San  Jacopo,  figs  which 
ripen  on  St  James's  day,  July  25  ;  Queste 
pesche  non  son  ancora  fatte,  these 
peaches  are  not  ripe  yet  ;  Pere  appena 
fatte,  pears  which  are  hardly  ripe ;  Fatte 
strafatte,  over  ripe.  Similarly  of  wine, 
Vino  fatto,  wine  ready  for  drinking  ; 
the  term,  however,  is  not  used  of 
grapes.  14.  Oggi  fa  1'  anno  che  sposo 
la  Luisa,  it  is  a  year  to-day  since  he 
married  Louisa  ;  Due  giorni  fa,  two 
days  ago ;  Fanno  sei  mesi  che  avvenne 
1"  incontro,  it  is  six  months  since  the 
meeting  took  place.  15.  Che  tempo  fa 
oggi  ?  what  is  the  weather  going  to  be 
like  to-day?  16.  Vuol  far  acqua,  it 
looks  like  rain.  17.  Fai  fai,  of  things 
persistently  continuing  ;  Fai  fai,  questo 
tempaccio  ha  finito  a  dar  ancora  le  in- 
ondazioni,  this  dreadful  weather  has 
gone  on  so  long  that  now  the  floods 
are  out  again ;  Fai  fai,  non  siamo 
approdati  a  nulla,  in  spite  of  all  our 
work  we  have  not  arrived  at  anything. 
1 8.  Fa'  tu,  acceding  to  a  proposal  with 
a  certain  amount  of  indifference  ;  Glie 
la  devo  dare  questa  paga  ?  Fa'  tu,  shall 
I  give  him  this  pay?  Very  well.  Gli 
intenti  una  causa?  Fa'  tu,  Are  you 
going  to  bring  an  action  against  him  ? 
All  right,  i.e.  you  may  take  the  neces- 
sary steps  on  my  behalf.  19.  Similarly, 


FARE 


235 


by  way  of  granting  a  request,  Si  pu6 
entrare  a  scrivere?  Fate  fate,  may  I 
come  in  and  write  ?  By  all  means. 
20.  Quanto  fate  1'  olio  quest'  anno?  what 
are  you  selling  oil  at  this  year?  21.  to 
suppose,  Non  fate  tanto  certa  la  cosa, 
do  not  think  the  thing  is  certain  ;  Quanti 
anni  mi  fai,  how  old  do  you  suppose  I 
am?  Oggi  vi  facevo  al  teatro,  I  thought 
you  were  gone  to  the  theatre  to-day. 

22.  A  questo  vino  ci  ho  fatta  la  bocca, 
I  have  grown  accustomed  to  this  wine. 
Similarly,  Fare  gli  occhi,  lo  stomaco, 
to   accustom   one's    eyes    or    stomach. 

23.  to  give  a  theatrical   performance, 
Stasero   fanno   I'   Otello,  this   evening 
they  are  giving  Othello.     24.  Che  fate, 
=  Come  state,  as  a  salutation,  how  do 
you  do?    25.  to  affect,  Fa  lo  spiritoso, 
he  is  trying  to  be  clever.    26.  Fare  una 
cosa  fatta,  to  regard  it  as  sure  when  it 
is  still   doubtful ;   E'  fa   tutte   le   cose 
fatte,  he  is  always  cocksure  of  every- 
thing ;  Come  la  fai  fatta,  you  seem  to 
be  very  sure  about  it.     27.  to  pretend, 
Non  ci  facciamo  tanto  ricchi,  do  not 
let   us   pretend   to   be  rich  ;    Fanno  a 
credere  che  non   ce  n'  importa  nulla, 
they  pretend  to  think  it  does  not  matter. 
28.    Farsene,  to  be  impressed,  £  una 
bambina    che    se    ne    fa :    una   parola 
basta,  she  is  an   impressionable  little 
thing,  one  word  is  enough ;  Un  ragazzo 
che  non  si  fa  di  nulla,  a  boy  who  does 
not  care  for  anything  that  is  said  to 
him  ;  Non  farsene  ne  in  qua  ne  in  la, 
to  be  indifferent  to  any  rebuke.  29.  Come 
si  fa  a...,  how  can  one...  ?  i.e.  one  ought 
not  to  ;  Come  si  fa  a  burlarsi  cosl  della 
gente,  how  could  any  one  turn  people 
into  such  ridicule  ?   i.e.  the  people  in 
question   ought   to   have  been   treated 
with  more  respect ;  Come  si  fa  a  essere 
cosi   stolto,  how  could  any  one  be  so 
stupid  ?    30.  Chi  non  le  fa  non  le  teme, 
he  who  does  no  harm  has  nothing  to  be 
afraid  of.     31.  Fame  (a)  to  do  wrong, 
N'  ha  fatte  di  pelle  di  becco,  delle  nere, 
delle  nere  e  delle  bige,  di  tutti  i  colori, 
d'  ogni  sorta,  Ne  fa  d'  ogni  erba  fascio, 
Ne  fa  sempre  delle  sue,  di  quelle  che 
non  hanno  nome,  non  hanno  babbo  ne 
mamma,  che  non  sanno  di  nulla,  che 
non  sanno  ne  di  me,  ne  di  te,  Fame 
quante    Hertoldo    in    Francia,    quante 
Carlo,  quante  Giorgio :   various  modes 
of  expressing  the  perpetration  of  enor- 
mities.    Fame  (b)  to  make  ugly  faces, 
bad  jokes  or  verses.     Fanne  meno  e 
condiscila  meglio,  don't  make  so  many 
jokes  and  make  a  better  one  when  you 
do.  (c}  Per  che  fame?  for  what  purpose? 
(d)  Non  fame  altro,  to  give  up  the  idea 
of  it ;   Voleva  andare  a  Roma  ma  poi 
non  ne  fece  altro,  at  one  time  he  wanted 
to  go  to  Rome  but  afterwards  gave  up 
the  idea,    (e)  Una  ne  fa  e  una  ne  pensa, 
said  of  one  who  is  constantly  getting 
into  mischief;  Quel  ragazzaccio,  una  ne 
fa  e  una  ne  pensa,  that  rascally  boy 
while  he  is  playing  one  prank  is  plan- 
ning  another.     32.   Fatto  e  messo  11, 
awkwardly  built  (person).     33.    Fatto, 
fully   grown  ;    Ha  sposato   una  donna 


fatta,  he  has  married  an  oldish  woman. 
34.  £  un  suo  fare,  it  is  a  habit  of  his  ; 
Non  e  fatto  per  stare  in  compagnia 
degli  altri,  he  is  not  suited  for  com- 
panionship with  others.  35.  Comprerei 
un  oggetto  sul  fare  di  questo,  I  want  to 
get  a  thing  something  like  this.  36.  II 
far  della  luna ;  (a)  new  moon,  La  luna 
fece  ieri,  it  was  new  moon  yesterday, 
(6)  the  rising  of  the  moon,  cp.  infra  (78). 

Phrases  with  A :  37.  Si  fa  a  bri- 
scolat  shall  we  have  a  game  of  briscola? 
Non  fo  alle  carte,  I  do  not  play  cards. 
38.  Fare  alle  coltellate,  to  fight  with 
knives  ;  Fare  alle  sassate,  to  fling 
stones.  Prov.:  Chi  ha  la  testa  di 
vetro  non  faccia  alle  sassate.  39.  Fare 
a  correre,  a  chi  piu  corre,  a  chi  mangia 
prima,  a  chi  finisce  piu  presto,  phrases 
expressive  of  racing.  So,  Fanno  a  chi 
dice  piu  spropositi,  they  are  trying  who 
can  talk  the  most  nonsense.  40.  Fare 
a  dire,  =  Pensare  fra  se  e  se  come  scu- 
sandosi,  to  pretend  to  oneself;  Rubano, 
tanto  fanno  a  dire :  e  roba  del  Governo, 
they  cheat,  whilst  they  excuse  it  to 
themselves  by  saying  it  is  Government 
property.  41.  Fare  a  farsele,  to  try  to 
take  each  other  in.  So  of  a  married 
couple,  Fanno  a  farsela,  they  are 
mutually  unfaithful.  42.  Fare  a  palla, 
or  alia  palla  d'  uno,  d'  una  cosa,  or 
Fame  toppe  da  scarpe,  to  use  to  the 
uttermost ;  E  un  uomo  che  se  ne  puo 
far  a  palla,  he  is  a  mar.  you  can  make 
the  fullest  use  of.  So,  in  bad  sense,  of 
a  woman,  Di  quella  ragazza  n'  hanno 
fatto  alia  palla,  they  have  used  that 
girl  for  shameful  purposes. 

Other  phrases :  43.  Fare  acqua,  to 
leak.  44.  Farsela  adaosso,  or  sotto,  to 
make  a  mess  in  one's  clothes.  45.  Fare 
aiuto,  to  lend  assistance.  46.  Fare  i 
bachi  da  seta,  of  silkworms,  to  lay  their 
eggs.  47.  Avere  un  bel  fare,  to  take  a 
lot  of  trouble  without  result.  48.  Farsi 
hello  d'  una  cosa,  to  boast  of  it  without 
right.  Similarly,  Farsi  onore  del  sol  di 
luglio,  to  take  credit  for  the  sunshine  of 
July.  49.  (a)  Se  beve  un  bicchier  di 
vino  1'  amico  e  bell'  e  fatto,  a  single 
glass  of  wine  will  make  our  friend  quite 
drunk.  Similarly,  Dopo  tre  miglia  di 
strada  e  bell'  e  fatto,  after  walking  three 
miles  he  is  quite  tired  out  ;  (b)  Bell'  e 
fatto,  ready-made.  50.  A  far  ben  bene, 
i.q.  Aver  un  bel  fare,  v.  supra  (47). 
51.  Far  bocca  di  ridere,  to  smile.  52.  Far 
di  buono,  (a)  =  Far  di  quattrini,  to  play 
for  money  ;  (b)  opposed  to  Per  .celia  ; 
Non  scherzo,  fo  di  buono,  I  am  not 
joking,  I  mean  it.  53.  Far  caldo,  to  be 
hot  weather.  54.  Far  capo  ad  uno,  to 
have  recourse  to  him.  55.  Far  le  carte, 
to  deal.  56.  Far  caso  di,  to  set  store 
by.  57.  Averci  che  fare,  of  a  difficult 
job,  Avanti  di  finire  ci  ha  il  suo  che 
fare,  he  has  a  great  deal  to  do  before 
he  finishes.  58.  Averne  che  ne  fare,  to 
be  related  ;  Se  ci  ho  che  ne  fare  di  lui  ? 
Si,  e  mio  parente,  ma  alia  lontana,  Am 
I  in  any  way  connected  with  him?  Yes, 
he  is  a  relation  of  mine,  but  a  distant 
one.  59.  Averci  che  fare  in  una  cosa, 


to  be  the  cause  of  it  ;  Che  ci  ho  che 
fare  se  e  scappato  in  America?  how 
am  I  the  cause  of  his  having  gone  off 
to  America?  60.  C'  e  che  fare  prima 
che  un  albero  cresca,  it  takes  a  long 
time  for  a  tree  to  grow  big.  61.  II  da 
fare,  work  ;  Aver  da  fare,  to  be  busy. 

62.  Fare    da    se,   to  act    for   oneself. 

63.  Milano  fa  da  trecento  mila  abitanti, 
Milan  has  a  population  of  three  hundred 
thousand.     64.  Darsi  da  fare,  to  take  a 
certain   view   of...  ;    Al    nostro    arrivo 
bisognava  vedere  come  si  dava  da  fare 
la   sora   Gigia,   when   we   arrived   you 
ought  to  have  been  there  to  see  how 
old  Gigia  took  it.     65.   Fare  di  si,  di 
no,  to  nod  assent  or  dissent.     66.  Fare 
a    dire,   to    speak   frankly.      67.    Aver 
facolta  di  fare  e  disfare,  i.e.  to  be  the 
master.     68.   Ecco  fatto,  a  sort  of  de- 
fiant conclusion  to  a  sentence,  So  there 
you   are !    or    So    now    you    have    it ! 
69.    (a)   Far  1'  erba  a'   cavalli,  to  cut 
grass  for  the  horses  ;   (6)  Far  d'  ogni 
erba    fascio,    (a)    to    make    an    indis- 
criminate collection  of  good  and  bad, 
(/3)  to  run  riot,  play  all  sorts  of  mad 
pranks  ;    Fr.   Faire   les   cent  coups,    v. 
supra  (31).      70.    Far  faccia,  to  grow 
impudent.     71.    Far  fagotto,  to  be  off, 
//'/.  to  make  up  one's  bundle.     72.  Fare 

fiasco,  of  a  play,  to  fail.  73.  Far  le 
forche,  to  feign.  74.  Non  fa  forza,  no 
matter.  75.  F "ar  forza  di  vela,  to  crowd 
on  sail.  76.  f-AXgalline,  to  steal  fowls. 
77.  fax  gente,  to  collect  people  together ; 
A  queste  sere  fanno  poca  gente,  just 
now  they  are  not  getting  many  people 
to  come  in  the  evening.  78.  Al  far  del 
giorno,  at  break  of  day.  79.  Far  ite  e 
venite,  to  buy  for  cash.  80.  A  farla 
male,  at  the  worst.  81.  Fare  a  meno, 
to  do  without ;  Far  di  meno,  to  abstain 
from  doing  something,  v.  Meno  (6). 
82.  Ne  faccia  meno,  do  not  make  such 
bones  about  it,  v.  Meno  (i  i).  83.  Fatto 
e  messo  11,  v.  supra  (32).  84.  Fare  a 
mezzo  di,  to  share  equally  in.  85.  Nato 
fatto  per  ...,  born  expressly  to  be  .... 
86.  Farsi  di  niente,  (a)  to  care  nothing, 
v.  supra  (28)  ;  (b)  Piante  che  in  un 
anno  non  si  son  fatte  di  niente,  plants 
which  have  not  come  to  anything  after 
a  year.  87.  Far  nomi,  =  Dir  nomi  ; 
Non  voglio  far  nomi,  I  do  not  wish  to 
mention  names.  88.  Farsi  nova,  to 
express  surprise,  usu.  of  an  affected 
kind.  89.  Non  voler  far  nulla  d'  una 
cosa,  to  refuse  to  touch  it.  90.  (a)  Farsi 
onore,  v.  supra  (48) ;  (b)  Farsi  un  onore, 
un  obbligo,  un  dovere,  ecc.,  =  Recarsi 
ad  onore,  to  consider  it  an  honour,  etc. 
91.  Far  1'  ora  per  andare  al  vapore,  to 
while  away  the  interval  till  it  is  time  to 
go  on  board.  92.  Far  le  paghe,  to  pay 
the  wages.  93.  Pigliare  a  fare,  at 
billiards  =  Prender  a  fare  un  tiro  per 
un  altro  giocatore.  94.  Fare  a  poco, 
to  live  economically.  95.  Si  fa  presto 
a  perdere  il  credito,  it  is  easy  to  destroy 
one's  credit.  96.  Far  ragazze,  scherz. 
to  collect  girls  for  a  dance.  97.  Fa'l 
sangue  dalla  bocca,  blood  is  coming  out 
of  his  mouth.  98.  Far  di  questo,  or 
30—2 


236 


FAREA— FASCIA 


quel  santo,  to  celebrate  the  office  of  a 
given  saint's  day.  99.  Non  super  quel 
che  si  fare,  to  be  in  great  difficulties. 

100.  Saperla  fare,   to   be  very  crafty. 

101.  Far  sera  e  sabato,  (a)  to  be  dilatory ; 
(V)  =  Farla  finita,  to  cut  the  matter  short. 

1 02.  Non  mi   fare  il  sollelico,  do  not 
tickle  me.     103.  Farsela  soilo,  if.  supra 
(44).     104.  Fare  col  suo,  or  sul  suo,  to 
spend  one's  own   money.     105.    Tanto 
fa,  it  is  all  the  same.     106.  Ta?ito  fatto, 
as  big  as  this  (with  a  gesture  showing 
how  big) ;  Ha  fatto  tanto  di  collo,  he 
stretched    out   his   neck   ever   so   far ; 
Far   tanto  di   bocca,   lit.  to   open   his 
mouth  as  wide  as  this,  i.e.  to  be  ex- 
tremely surprised,  or  to  laugh  heartily. 
107.  Fare  a  tempo,  to  be  in  time  ;  Non 
si  fa  a  tempo  al  teatro,  we  are  going  to 
be   late   for   the   theatre.      1 08.    A  far 
tempo    da,   beginning    from  ;     I    frutti 
decorrono  a  far   tempo   dal   primo   di 
maggio,  fruit  is  in  season  from  the  first 
of  May  onwards.     109.    Mi  fa  la  testa 
come  un  cestone,  my  head  feels  swollen 
(from  noise),     no.   (a)  Venir  fatto,  to 
be  done  unexpectedly  ;  Non  t'  ha  voluto 
offendere:  gli  e  venuto  fatto  cosi,  he  did 
not  insult  you  deliberately :  it  was  done 
on  the  spur  of  the  moment ;  (t>)  Se  mi 
men  fatto  di  dirgliene  quattro,  hanno  a 
esser  belle,  if  1  find  occasion  to  speak 
to  him,  it  will  be  pretty  stiffly. 

*Farea  /,  D.  Inf.  24.  86;  the  parea  of  Lucan, 
Pkarsalia  o.  721,  =  Gr.  n-ap«tas,  snake  that  marches 
on  its  tail,  serf  ens  qui  semper  in  caitdA  ajnbulat 
et  sulcum  facere  videtur"  (Isidore),  a  description 
suggestive  of  the  cobra. 

Faretr-a/;  quiver,     -ato;  quiver-bearing. 
Etym.    L.,<Gr.  $aptTpa,<il>(pc*(cf.  Slav  tulit, 
quiver,<root  tut,  v.  Togliere). 

Farfalla/;  butterfly.  *brass-headed 
nail. 

Etym.  A  reduplication  <  the  Germanic  root 
/al,  to  flutter,  cf.  M.H.G.  fifolltr,  butterfly;  the 
equivalent  L.  root  pal  gave  by  an  analogous  de- 
velopment pa-pil-io,  >  Lombard  dial,  parpaia,  old 
Fr.  paveillon  —  Fr.  papillon ;  there  are  also  similar 
reduplications  in  the  Germanic  languages  based 
upon  the  root  /aid,  referring  presumably  to  the 
way  a  butterfly  folds  its  wings  as  Schade  suggests, 
e.g.  M.H.G.  vivalter,  A.S.  Ji/eaUt,  Dutch  vijf- 
wouter,  all  meaning  butterfly. 

Farfall£tta  /  ;  dim.  vezz.  Farfalla. 
*fig.  whim. 

Farfall-ina  / ;  i.q.  -etta.  *bill  of 
exchange. 

Farfallin-o  m. ;  I.  dim.  Farfalla, 
esp.  the  insect  whose  grub  is  the  corn- 
weevil,  v.  Punteruolo.  2.  Jig.  frivolous 
person.  3.  pop.  scherz.  louse. 

*i.  in/A.yfjf.  =  Fronzoli,  tassels,  ii.  Aver  dei -i, 
to  be  half  mad.  iii.  =*Farfaliina,  bill.  iv.  citation 
to  appear  before  a  magistrate. 

Farfall6ne  m. ;  (A)  i.  augm.  Far- 
falla. 2.  =Zerbinotto,  dandy.  3.  flighty 
person.  4.  =  Sornacchio,  phlegm.  5.  = 
Fandonia,  tall  story. 

(B)  (prob.  augm.  of  Fallo  with  re- 
duplicated stem  and  an  r  added  under 
attraction  of  Farfalla) ;  gross  blunder 
in  writing. 

Farfanlcchio  m.  (dim.  of  Fanfano, 
with  n  dissimilated  to  r  under  attraction 
from  Farfalla) ;  tiresome  little  prig. 

Farfaraccia  f.;  (hot.)  butter-bur,  a  species  of 
colt's-foot,  Tusstlag-0  prtasites,  also  termed  Far- 
ferugine,  Tossilaggine  maggiore. 


*  Farfarella  f. ;  i.  =  Farfaro.     ii.  =  Forfora,  scurf. 

*  Farfarello  tn. ;  i.   one  of  the  devils  in  Dante's 
Inferno,  cantos  21  and  22.     ii.  =  Farfaro,  colt's-foot. 

Farfaro  m.  (Farfara/)  (L.farfarus, 
perhaps  <  far,  meal,  fero,  to  carry, 
from  the  downy  look  of  the  leaves 
underneath);  (bot.) colt's-foot,  Tussilago 
farfara,  also  termed  Tossilaggine,  Bec- 
chion. 

Farfariigio  m. ;  (bot.}  marsh-mari- 
gold, Caltha  palnstris. 

*Farfecchiey". pl.\  moustaches. 

Farfero  m. ;  v.  Farfaro. 

Farferugine  f.\  v.  Farfaraccia. 
t  Farfocchiare ;  to  mutter. 
tFarfugli-no  or   -6ne  »t.;    one  who  stutters, 
either  in  speech  or  action, 
t  Fargna  ;  "•.  Farnia. 

Farina/  (L.,  v.  Farro);  flour.  Fior 
di  — ,  fine  flour.  —  bigia,  flour  for 
brown  bread.  -  lattea,  malted  milk. 
Non  esser  schietta  — ,  to  be  insincere. 
Esser  propria  — ,  to  be  one's  own  work. 
Questo  non  fa  — ,  this  does  not  pay. 

*the  convex  face  of  an  Aliosso,  signifying  zero. 

Farinaccio  ;//.-,  i.  the  sweepings  of 
flour,  after  making  bread,  given  to  the 
animals.  2.  (bot.') ;  (a)  -v.  Spinace  (3,  c} ; 
(b)  white-beam  tree,  v.  Sorbo ;  (c)  - 
salvatico,  green  pigweed,  Chenopoditim 
a  trip  lex. 

*i.  die  marked  only  on  one  face.  ii.  bran  from 
rice. 

*  Farinacciolo  ;  light  (soil).  As  sb.,  meal  from 
beans,  etc. 

Farinaceo ;  floury.  In  pi.,  as  sb., 
food-crops. 

Farinaibla/  ;  a  large  platter  strewn 
with  flour,  on  which  things  are  put  to 
be  covered  with  flour  before  they  are 
cooked. 


Farinaiblo  m. ;  dealer  in  flour. 

•  Farinaro  m. ;  a  fine  sieve. 

Farinat-a  / ;  porridge.  Aff.  -fna 
dim. 

* Farinello  m. ;=  Furfante,  rogue. 

Faringe  /  (Gr.) ;  (anat.)  pharynx. 

Farin6so ;  i.  yielding  flour.  2. 
covered  with  flour  or  any  fine  dust,  as 
a  butterfly's  wings. 

Faris-aicamente,  -aico,  -eismo;  v,  -eo. 
Farisfeo   m.    (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Hebrew  parash,    to 
separate);   pharisee.     As  adj.  =  Farisaico. 

*  Farlingotto  >«.;  talker  of  a  confused  mixture 
of  languages. 

Farmacfeutic-ayi;  study  of  drugs,     -o;  as  E. 


Fannac-ia/;  i.  pharmacy.  2.  drug- 
establishment.  Aff.  -ista,  chemist ;  -o, 
drug  ;  -ologi'a,  i.q.  Farmaceutica  ;  -opea, 
as  E.  (Gr.  <j>dppaKov,  a  drug). 

Farmacite  f. ;  a  kind  of  bituminous  earth. 

Farmacolite  irt. ;  mineral  arseniate  of  lime. 

Farnese  adj.  or  sb. ;  the  name  of  a  princely 
family  which  founded  the  duchies  of  Parma  and 
Piacenza;  the  name  is  doubtless  from  Farnia,  q.v. 

Farnesianey;  pi. ;  Franciscan  nuns  of  St  Clara, 
belonging  to  the  Order  of  St  Peter. 

Farnes-iano  adj.;  -ina  f. ;  palace  of  the 
Farnesi. 

Farnetic-o  (t/^r.of  Frenetico);  crazy. 
As  sb.,  craze.  Aff.  -amente,  -arndnto, 
-are. 

Farneto  m. ;  grove  of  Farnie. 

Farnia  (Fargna)  /  (L.  farnus,  < 
**franus,  cogn.  with  fraxinus,  V.  Fras- 
sino)  ;  a  species  of  oak  with  large 
leaves,  Quercus  latifolia. 


Faro  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <j>dpos,  lighthouse, 
from  the  name  of  the  island,  now 
Pharillon,  near  Alexandria,  where 
Ptolemy  Philadelphia  built  a  famous 
lighthouse) ;  i.  lighthouse.  2.  fig. 
beacon.  3.  (geogr.}  the  straits  of 
Messina. 

*Farpal-a  or  -ino  >«.;=Falpala,  flounce. 

Farragin-e  /  (L.,</ar,  cornmeal, 
v.  Farro);  i.  mixed  fodder.  2.  fig. 
farrago,  jumble.  Aff.  -6so. 

Farrata/ ;  cake  made  of  Farro. 

*  Farri cello  in. ;  roughly  ground  grain. 

Farrp  (Farre)  m.  (L.  far,  coarse 
meal,  originally  a  kind  of  grain,  Triti- 
cum  spelta,  akin  to  E.  bar-ley,  q.v.  in 
Skeat) ;  name  of  two  kinds  of  grain, 
viz.  (i)  spelt,  Triticum  spelta,  and 
(2)  Triticum  monococcum. 

Farsa  /  (Fr.  farce,  lit.  stuffing,  < 
L.fara'rt,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Farce);  farce. 

*  i.  =  Farsetto.     ii.    anything  eatable  containing 
stuffing. 

Farsacciay.;  pfgg.  Farsa. 
Farsaglia/i;  Pharsalia,  in  Thessaly. 
*Farsatay^;  lining  of  a  doublet  or  of  a  helmet. 

Fars^tta  /  ;  dim.  Farsa.  *  =  Far- 
setto. 

Farsettaio  ;//. ;  maker  of  Farsetti. 
Farsettina/  ;  dim.  -nczz.  Farsa. 

Farsetto  m.  (ultimately  <  L.fara're, 
referring  to  the  lining  or  stuffing  of  the 
garment,  v.  Farsa);  quilted  under- 
waistcoat,  doublet. 

*  Fasano  m.  ;=Fagiano,  pheasant. 

*  Fasc-e /;  =  Fascia.     *-erellow.;  dim.  -io. 

Fasc6tta/. ;  i .  stays  worn  by  women ; 
always  an  under-garment,  whereas 
Busto  may  be  ornamental  and  worn 
outside.  2.  strip  lining  the  inner  edge 
of  the  "quarter"  of  a  boot.  3.  metal 
ring  round  the  barrel  of  a  carbine 
scabbard,  etc.  4.  clasp  of  a  medal  re- 
cording the  mode  in  which  it  was  won. 
*dim.  Fascia. 

Fascettaia  / ;  stay-maker. 

Fascettln-a,  -o  ;  dims,  of  Fascett-a, 
-o. 

Fasc^tto  m.  ;  dim.  Fascio. 

Fascia  f.  (L.,  root  bhad,  to  bind, 
>  **bhad-tia,  >  fascia,  the  Indogerm. 
bh  readily  passing  into  an/) ;  I.  bandage. 
2.  baby's  swaddling-clothes, or  baptismal 
robe.  3.  (eccl.)  robe  of  a  Church 
dignitary.  4.  the  badge  of  an  Order  of 
chivalry.  5.  (herald.)  fesse,  a  band 
over  the  middle  of  an  escutcheon,  one- 
third  its  breadth.  6.  wrapper,  for 
papers.  7.  the  boards  placed  on  edge 
which  join  the  slab  of  a  table  to  its  legs. 
8.  framework  of  the  cushions  of  a 
billiard-table.  9.  name  of  the  side- 
pieces  of  a  violin,  etc.  io.  (mar.}  cover ; 
e.g.,  —  per  boccaporti,  hatch  way-cover; 
—  del  fiocco,  jib  cover;  —  di  una  im- 
barcazione,  boat's  cover,  ii.  any  kind 
of  flat  border,  zone  or  band,  whether 
necessary  or  ornamental,  e.g.  the  deco- 
rated stripe  of  a  large  bell,  or  in  archi- 
tecture, the  "  fascia,"  flat  band  between 
mouldings.  *  =  Aggravio. 


FASCIACCA— FATTOIO 


237 


*Fasciaccay^;  =  Fusciacca,  scarf. 

FasciacddayC ;  wrapper  for  a  horse's 
tail. 

Fasciale  m. ;  (atiat.)  the  sarlorius  muscle  of 
the  thigh. 

Fasciame  m.  \  (mar.)  outer  planking  of  a  ship's 
hull.  —  di  lamiere,  plating.  —  a  labbro  or  acca- 
vallato,  clinker-worked  plating.  —  a  giustaposto, 
Mush-worked  plating.  Doppip  —  sottopos_to  alia 
corazza,  two  thicknesses  of  skin-plating  behind  the 
armour. 

Fasciamento  tti.  •  vbsb.  of  Fasciare. 

Fasciapiedi  ;«. ;  strap  fastening  a  horse's  hind 
feet  to  his  forefeet,  to  prevent  kicking. 

Fasci-are;  i.  to  bandage.  2.  fig. 
to  surround,  e.g.  a  city  with  walls. 
3.  =Rifasciare,  to  swaddle.  4.  (mar.} 
(a)  to  fix  the  planks  of  a  ship's  hull,  or 
the  boards  of  a  screen,  etc. ;  (b)  —  un 
cavo,  to  "serve"  a  rope,  wrap  it  up. 
—  un  cavo  d'  ormeggio,  =  Far  la  manica, 
to  keckle,  to  cover  in  with  old  ropes,  etc. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Fascicolato ;  (fe>/.)  bunched  together. 

Fascicol-O  m. ;  I.  a  bunch  of  numbers 
of  a  periodical.  2.  a  part,  of  a  book 
being  published  in  parts.  3.  a  little 
book.  Aff.  -e"tto,  -ino  dims. 

Fasclna/;  i.  bundle  o£  sticks  for 
firing.  2.  '(mil.)  fascine.  *  scaldarsi 
a  una  — ,  to  warm  oneself  over  a  bundle 
of  little  sticks,  i.e.  to  indulge  in  im- 
possible hopes. 

Fascin-aia  /.;  cellar  for  Fascine. 
-aio  m. ;  dealer  in  Fascine,  -ame  m. ; 
small  wood  for  making  Fascine. 

Fascinare  ind.  fascino;  i.  to  make 
faggots.  2.  (mil.)  to  put  up  fascines. 

FascinatayC ;  i.  rampart  of  fascines. 
2.  filling  up  a  ditch  with  fascines. 

Fascine'tta  /  ;  dim.  Fascina. 

Fascino  m.  (L.  fascinum,  spell,  root 
Ma,  to  speak,  the  Indogermanic  bk 
readily  passing  into  an  /;  cp.  Gr.  /3ao- 
Kaivw,  to  bewitch,  lit.  to  use  ill  words) ; 
fascination. 

Fascin6tt-o  m. ;  bundle  of  firing, 
with  some  larger  wood.  Aff.  -aio  seller 
of  -i,  -ino  dim. 

Fasc-io  m.  (var.  of  Fascia) ;  i.  arm- 
ful, heap,  e.g.  of  hay  or  long  grass. 
2.  bundle  of  papers.  3.  Fare  d'  ogni 
erba  — ,  or  Far  d'  ogni  lana  un  peso, 
i.e.  (a)  to  make  a  confused  heap  of  good 
and  bad,  (6)  to  live  a  loose,  reckless 
sort  of  life.  4.  Aver  piu  -i  che  altri 
ritortole,  or  Avere  a  ogni  --  la  sua 
ritortola,  never  to  own  oneself  wrong. 
5.  Andare  in  un  — ,  to  fall  into  a  heap 
of  ruins;  Cascare,  Andar  giu  in  — ,  to 
fall  down  in  a  heap,  one  on  the  top  of 
the  other.  6.  Oppresso  dal  —  degli 
anni,  bowed  down  by  the  weight  of 
years.  7.  in//.,  the  fasces  of  the  Roman 
lictors  or  consuls.  8.  three  rifles  stacked 
together.  9.  —  d'  acqua,  several  jets 
of  water  together.  10.  -  -  luminoso, 
pencil  of  rays.  II.  in  politics,  group; 
II  --  dei  liberali,  the  Liberal  group. 
*Prendere  il  — ,  to  resist. 

Fasci-6la  <//;//.,  -olina  sub-dim.,  -6ne  augm., 
of -a. 


Fasci-tello,  *-uccio,  -u61o;  dims.  of-o. 

Fascolarto  m.  (Gr.  4>a<rKftjAof,  pouch,  apicTOf, 
bear);  the  koala,  or  Australian  bear,  Phascolarcitts 
cinerfus. 

Fascologali  m.  pi.  (Gr.  <$mcr*wAos,  pouch, 
yaAe'Tj,  weasel) ;  an  Australian  genus  of  pouched 
mice,  Phascologale. 

Fascoldmide  m.  (Gr.  <fl>a<r»cu>Aof,  pouch,  /ivy, 
mouse) ;  wombat,  Phascolotnys. 

Fasey;  (Gr.  <fra<ris);  phase.     *  Jewish  passover. 

Fasianella  f.\  a  genus  of  shell-fish,  Phasia- 
iiella. 

Fasmide  in. ;  leaf-insect,  Phasma. 

Fasservizi  m. ;  errand  boy,  odd  man. 
Fassfmile  (Facsimile)  m. ;  as  E. 

Fastellaccio  m. ;   i .  pegg.  Fastello. 

2.  fig.  lout. 

Fastell-O  m.  (sync.  <  fascitello,  dim. 
of  fascio) ;  bundle  of  wood,  hay  or  the 
like.  KF"  The  pi.  is  -i  m.,  or  -a  f., 
the  latter  implying  larger  bundles.  Aff. 
-dtto  or  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -6ne  augm. 

Fasti  m.  pi.  (Latinism);  I.  the 
ancient  Fasti  or  calendar.  2.  records, 
generally. 

Fastfdio  m.  (L.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub 
Fastidious);  i.  annoyance.  2.  disgust. 

3.  euph.  for  Pidocchi,  lice. 

Aff.  Fastidios-accio  pfgg.,  -aggine,  -ame'nte, 
•ello  or  -6ttp  dims,  vezz.,  -o  tiresome. 

*  Fastidire  ;=  Infastidire,  to  disgust, 
Fastidiuccip  m.;  dim.  Fastidio. 

*  Fastiggiarsi ;  to  be  weary  of. 

Fastfgio  m. ;  i.  pinnacle,  coping. 
2.  fig.  crowning  feature. 

Etym.  L.  fastigium,  <.**farstigiuw,  =_/arsti-t 
with  suffix  referable  to  the  root  of  agire;  with  the 
stem  cp.  A.S.  byrst  (>  E.  bristle),  O.  H.G.  burst 
(>  Germ.  Borste,  bristle),  <  a  root  bhers,  to  bristle, 
the  bh  readily  becoming  an./in  Latin. 

*  Fastigioso ;   i.  —  Fastidioso,  disgusting,    ii.  = 
Fastoso,  Altero. 

Fasto  (A)  (L.fasfus,  propitious,  akin 
to  fan,  to  speak) ;  Giorno  — ,  lucky 
day,  in  ancient  Rome. 

(B)  sb.  (L.  fastus  for  **Jarstus  ;  for 
loss  of  r,  cp.  tostus  for  forstus,  <  torrere ; 
akin  to  Gr.  6ap<ros,  boldness,  Sanskr. 
dhars-ayati,  to  dare,  and  E.  dare,  q.v. 
in  Skeat);  ostentatious  luxury,  pomp. 

Aff.  Fast-osam^nte,  -osita,  -oso. 
*Fasuolo  m. ;  =  Fagiolo. 

Fat-a  /  (bit.  f/i/a,  a  name  given  to 
the  Parcae,  originally  n.  pi.  of  L.  fatum, 
fate)  ;  i.  fairy.  2.  Lino  delle  -e,  (hot.) 
feather-grass,  v.  Pennine.  3.  Pianta 
delle  -e,  (bot.)  (a)  white-berried  bryony, 
v.  Brionia,  (V)  red-berried  bryony,  v. 
Pianta  (4,  b).  4.  --  Morgana,  (a)  a. 
celebrated  fairy  in  the  poems  of 
chivalry,  (b)  mirage  of  the  desert. 

Fatal-e  ;  i.  fatal.  2.  Libri  -i,  the 
Sibylline  books.  3.  bewitched.  4.  Terra 
fatal,  i.e.  Italy.  5.  Termini  -i,  or  as  sb., 
Fatali,  (leg.)  limit  of  time  for  com- 
mencing some  proceedings  at  law, 
re-opening  an  auction,  or  the  like.  Aff. 
-ismo,  -ista,  -ita,  -me"nte. 

*  Fatappio  m. ;  i.  some  bird.    ii.  Jig.  credulous 
fool. 

Fat-are ;  to  bewitch  ;  part,  -ato, 
enchanted. 

*  i.  to  predict,     ii.  to  assign  by  fate. 

Fatatura  /;  i.  enchantment.  2. 
sorcery. 


Fatebene-Fratelli  m.pl.  -,  Fateb&ne- 
Sorelle  /  pi.;  the  congregation  of  S. 
Giovanni  di  Dio,  a  medical  religious 
fraternity. 

Fatfc-a  /  ;  hard  work.  Dura  —  a 
darmi  cio  che  debbo  avere,  he  finds  it 
a  difficult  job  to  pay  what  he  owes  me. 
Da— ,  strong.  Morto  di — ,  dead-tired. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Fatic-are  ind.  fatico ;  to  work  hard. 
*to  win  by  hard  work. 

Etytn.  L.  fatigare ^<a  L.  root  fat,  and  a  suffix 
-igare,  prob.  for  agere,  which  appears  with  a  fre- 
quentative sense  in  other  Latin  verbs,  e.g.fumigare. 
Connected  with  the  same  root  are  jfessus,  tired,  for 
**fassiis;  fatisco,  to  fall  to  pieces ;  fames,  hunger; 
affatitn,  quite  enough,  T.  supra,  Fame. 

Ajff".  -atore,  -atora,  -hetta  dim. ;  -osamente ; 
-osetto  dim.  ;  -oso,  tiring ;  -osuccio  dim.  vezz.  ; 
-uccia  dim. 

Fatidico  ;  prophetic. 

Fatiziare;  (mar.)  to  clinch  the  end  of  a  rope. 
Fatizzo  m.',    (mar.)  the  end  of  a   rope  when 
clinched  to  a  fixed  object. 

Fato  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fate);  fate. 

Fatta/;  i.  sort;  Di  questa  — ,  of 
this  sort,  with  an  accompanying  gesture. 

2.  droppings,    dung,    esp.    of    game. 
*  =  Fatto. 

Fattaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Fatto. 

Fattamente ;  Si  —  or  Siffattamente, 
in  such  wise. 

Fatt-arello  or  -erello  m. ;  funny 
little  story. 

Fatte  ;  short  for  Giosafatte. 

Fatte'zz-e/  //. ;  features.  Aff.  -ine 
dim.  vezz. 

•Fattia/;  spell,  charm. 
•Fattibello  »;.;=Belletto,  paint. 

Fattibile ;  practicable. 

*  Fatticchiare  ;  =  Facicchiare. 

Fatticci-o  ;  robust.    Aff.  -6ne,  -6na 

auxins. 

•Fatticello  w.;=Fattarello. 

Fattisp^cie  m. ;  i.  full  particulars 
of  the  case.  2.  imaginary,  illustrative 
case. 

*  Fattivo  ;  active,  stirring,  busy. 

Fattizio  ;  artificial. 

Fatto;  part.  Fare,  q.v.  (13,  32,  33). 
As  sb. :  i.  thing  (done).  2.  fact. 

3.  action.     4.    Dopo   il   — ,  after  the 
event.     5.    --  compiuto,  accomplished 
fact.     6.  Fatti  diversi,  occasional  notes, 
Fr.  fails  divers.     7.    Parlo  per  un  — 
personale,  I  speak  of  what  is  within  my 
own  knowledge.     8.    In  —  di,  in  the 
matter  of.     9.  Non  si  conosce  gran  — , 
little  is  known.    10.  Colto  sul  — ,  caught 
in  the  act.     ii.  lo  che  mi  son  trovato 
sul  —  posso  dire,  I,  who  witnessed  the 
occurrence,  am  able  to  say.     12.  Stare 
in  fatti,  (leg.)  to  stand  proved.     13.  II 
—  nostro,  the  thing  we  want.     14.  Non 
m'  importa  nulla  del  —  tuo,  I  do  not 
concern    myself   with    your    business. 
15.  II  — ,  in  book-keeping,  the  narration 
of  a  journal  entry,  also  termed  Motiv- 
azione. 

Fattoiano  m. ;  manager  of  a  Fattoio. 
Fattdio  m.  (L.  factorium);    i.    oil- 
factory.     2.   oil-press. 


238 


FATTORA— FECIALE 


Fatt6ra/ ;  =  Fattoressa. 

Fatt6re  m. ;  i.  factor,  steward. 
2.  Pare  un  — ,  he  looks  in  blooming 
health.  3.  factor,  multiplier.  4.  factor, 
item.  5.  supporter  on  which  to  rest 
a  thing  required  to  be  held  up. 

*i.  author,  maker,     ii.  assistant  in  a  shop. 

Fattoressa/;  i.  wife  of  a  Fattore. 
2.  woman  from  outside  employed  in  a 
nunnery. 

Fattorfa/ ;  i.  agency,  stewardship. 
2.  agent's  residence.  3.  factory,  trading 
establishment  in  the  East. 

Fattorlno  m.  •  i.  office-boy.  2.  tele- 
graph-boy. 3.  =  Postino,  postman. 

4.  handle    of    a     stone-cutter's    saw. 

5.  tripod  with  hooks  at  different  heights 
for  supporting  the  end  of  a  roasting- 
spit   or  the  like.     6.    a    support   for   a 
knitting-needle,  if.  Bacchetta  (2).     7.  a 
small  clothes-rack  or  single  clothes-peg, 
hat-peg,  etc.     8.  letter-weight. 

Fattori-6na  augm.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.,  of  -a. 
Fattor-one  augm.,  -uccio  spreg.,  of-e. 
Fattdtum  (Factotum)  m  ;  as  E. 

*  Fattucchiare  (Jreq.  of  Fatturare) ;  to  hewitch. 

Fattucchier-a  / ;  witch,  -e  m. ; 
wizard. 

Fattucchierla  / ;  sorcery. 

Fattucci-accio  pegg.  of  -o;  -o  dim.  spreg.  of 
Fatto. 

Fattura/  (L.factura,  making;  for 
the  sense  of  witchcraft,  cp.  E.  to  "  prac- 
tise," e.g.  in  Othello,  "that  hath  prac- 
tised on  her  by  foul  charms");  i.  work, 
workmanship,  making  up.  2.  payment 
therefor.  3.  (Lavorare)  a  — ,  by  the 
piece.  4.  invoice. 

*i.     creature,    D.    Par.    9.    10.     ii.    witchcraft, 
iii.    Per  —  ,  =  Per  fatto.    iv.  =  Fattezza,  feature. 

Fatturare;  i.  to  invoice.  2.  to 
doctor  (wine).  *to  bewitch. 

Fattur-ina  dim.  vezz.,  -uccia  dint,  spree.. 
of  -a. 

*  Failure  ;  =  \..  factitrtu,  fut.  part,  of  facere,  to 
do,  D.  Par.  6.  83. 

Fatu-o  (L.);  as  E.  Foco  — ,  i.  will  o'  the 
wisp.  2.  fig.  short-lived  emotion.  Aff.  -amente, 
-its. 

Fauci  f.  pi.  (L.  fauces,  perhaps   akin  to  Gr. 
XOI'KIO,  root  glieu,  to  gape) ;   throat. 
*Faulay:;=Favola. 

*  Faumele  m. ;—  Favo. 

Fauna  f.  (coined  by  Linnaeus  from  Faunus  as 
protector  of  wild  animals) ;  the  animals  of  a  given 
country. 

Faun-o  m.  (L.,  prob.  akin  to  favere);  faun. 
Aff.  -etto. 

FAust-o  (L.,  <favere) ;  propitious. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

Faut6re  m.  (L.,  <favere) ;  protector, 
promoter,  favourer. 

Fav-a/  (L.  fata);  i.  (hot.}  (a]  — 
coltivata,  field-bean,  Faba  vulgaris,  or 
the  broad  bean,  a  garden  variety  of  the 
same ;  the  field-bean  is  also  termed  — 
da  foraggio  ;  (b)  —  grassa,  orpine,  v. 
Erba  (21,  b) ;  (c)  —  di  Sant'  Ignazio, 
Strychnos  Ignatii;  (d)  —  tonga,  Tonquin 
bean-tree,  v.  Tonga.  2.  -e  de'  Morti, 
a  kind  of  biscuit  sold  on  All  Saints' 
Day.  3.  -e  romane,  sweetmeats  like 
beans.  4.  Fare  il  — ,  =  Fare  il  dodda, 
to  give  oneself  airs.  5.  Aver  la  — ,  to 
have  a  craze,  e.g.  for  getting  a  decora- 
tion. 6.  Prender  due  colombi  ad  una 


— ,  i.e.  to  kill  two  birds  with  one  stone. 
7.  (hist.}  voting-counter,  formerly  an 
actual  bean,  viz.  black  for  Aye,  white 
for  No.  8.  -e,  e  non  ne  sia,  a  proverb 
referring  to  the  manurial  value  of  a 
bean-crop,  even  if  the  beans  fail.  9.  (vet.) 
lampas,  in  horses. 

*i.  =  Macco,  bean-pottage,  ii.  Aver  gran  — ,  or 
Far  — ,  to  swagger,  iii.  Poter  andare  per  la  —  alle 
tre  ore,  i.e.  of  a  woman,  to  be  ill-favoured  or  old, 
iv.  Dar  la  — ,  to  be  a  magistrate,  v.  Mezza  — , 
prejudiced  vote.  vi.  Autorita  or  Balia  ddle  sei  -e, 
right  to  determine  any  matter,  except  peace  or  war, 
by  six  votes,  vii.  Farsi  beffe  della  — ,  to  make  light 
of  what  is  important,  viii.  fig.  next  to  nothing. 
Di  — ,  worthless;  V  e  una  — ,  it  does  not  matter. 
ix.  E  tutta  — ,  or  Tutt'  e  — ,  it  is  all  the  same. 
x.  Censurare  a  —  cruda,  to  judge  without  examina- 
tion, xi.  Uccellare  a  -e,  to  deceive,  xii.  in  pi., 
smartly  dressed  peasant-girls. 

Favagello  m.;  (J>ot.)  i.  lesser  celandine,  Ra- 
nunculus ficaria.  2.  frogbit,  v.  Rannocchiaia. 
«  =  Fava  (7). 

FavaggineyC;  (tat.)  bean-caper,  Zygophyllum. 
•Favaio  >«.;=Favule,  bean-field. 

Favai61a  f.  ;  =  Favagello. 

*  Favalena  / ;  =  Falena. 
•Favalesca;  v.  Favolesca. 

Favarella  or  Faverella  / ;  bean- 
pottage. 

tFavar^tto  m. ;  =  Castagnola,  grunter 
fish. 

Favata  /  ;  braggadocio.  *dish  of 
beans. 

Favazzo  m. ;  —  Colombaccio,  wild  pigeon. 

Favella/  (L.fabella,  dim.  offabula, 
<fari,  to  speak,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fate) ; 

1.  faculty  of  speech.     2.  language,  dia- 
lect. 

*Tener  —  a  uno,  to  refuse  to  speak  to  him. 
Render  — ,  to  speak  to  him  again. 

Favell-are  ind.  favello  ;  to  talk. 
Fav-erella/ ;  v.  -arella. 
Fave'to  m. ;  bean-ground. 

Fav^tta  f. ;    i.    dim.  vezz.   Fava. 

2.  a  kind  of  biscuit. 

*i.  =  Faverella.     ii.  =VanerelIa. 

Favette/:  pi. ;  (bat.)  lambs'  lettuce,  Valeria- 
nella  olitoria,  also  termed  Dolcetta,  Morbidello, 
Locusta,  Verdettini,  Erba  riccia,  Lattughini. 

Favfll-a/  (L.,  root  dhegh,  to  burn, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Day;  cp.  Sanskr.  dahati, 
burns,  Gr.  Te'0pa,  ashes,  Banna,  to  burn 
the  dead) ;  spark. 

Aff.  -etta  dim.,  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  -uccia  spreg. 

Favo  m.  (L.  favus,  akin  to  Sanskr. 
bhav-ana,  house,  O.H.G.  bfian,  to  build); 
honey-comb. 

Favol-a  /  (L.  fabula,  v.  Favella); 
i.  fable.  2.  Dizionario  delle  -e,  diction- 
ary of  mythology.  3.  plot  of  a  poem 
or  play.  Aff.  -accia  fegg.,  -eggiare. 

Favolello  m. ;  fable  or  narrative  in 
verse. 

'Favolesca,  Favalesca,  Falavesca  f.  «L. 

or  It.  favilla,  with  suffix  -isco,  cp,  Folena);  spark. 

Favol-etta  dim.  vtzz.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  -ina 
dim.,  -osamente,  -osita,  -<5so,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.; 
v.  -a. 

*  Favomele  m. ;  honey-comb,  v.  Favo. 
*Favone  m.\  i,  augm,  Favo.     ii.   augm.  Fava, 

very  proud  man.     iii.  =  Gonzo,  booby. 

Fav6r-e  m.  (L.,<faveo,  to  befriend, 
originally  to  venerate) ;  favour.  Giorni 
di  — ,  days  of  grace.  Cambiale  di  — , 
accommodation  bill.  Firma,  Accet- 
tazione  di  — ,  signature  to  such  a  bill. 
Dazio  di  — ,  lighter  duties  on  certain 


articles.     Biglietto  di  — ,  ticket  issued 
gratis. 

^JT-  -eggiare  ind.  favoreggio,  to'show  partiality 
to,  -eggiatore,  -e"vole,  -evolmente. 

Favor-ire  ind.  -isco;  I.  to  favour. 
2.  to  assist.  3.  to  grant  the  favour  of. 
4.  to  make  a  present  of.  5.  to  pay  a 
visit  to.  6.  -isca  qui,  piu  vicino,  pray 
come  here,  a  little  nearer.  7.  at  dinner, 
to  accept;  -ite:  un  bicchier  del  mio 
vino,  try  this :  it  is  a  glass  of  my  own 
wine.  8.  generally,  -isca,  please. 

Favorita /;  mistress  of  a  king. 
Favoruccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Favore. 
*Favoscello  m.  ;  =  Favagello. 

Favrile  m.  •  i.  field  sown  with  beans. 

2.  manurial    effect    of    a    bean-crop. 

3.  bean-stalks. 

Fdzio  ;  short  for  Bonifazio.  Esser 
Fra  — ,  to  give  away  one's  property  for 
the  benefit  of  others. 

Fazi6n-e    /    (L.    faciio,  < facere) ; 

1.  faction.     2.  =  Fatto  d'  arme,  feat  of 
arms.     3.  In   fazione,  on  duty,  esp.  on 
sentry  duty ;  Esce  di  —  ora,  he  is  just 
coming  off  duty.     Aff.  -ario  sentry. 

Fazi6s-o ;  factious.    Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Fazzoletto    m. ;     i.     handkerchief. 

2.  —  da  collo,  neckerchief.     3.  Gettare 
il  — ,  of  a  woman,  to  set  her  cap  at. 

Etym.  Dim.  of  *Fazzuolo,  prob.  <M.H.G. 
•vetze  (>Germ.  Fetzen),  rag,  akin  to  G.H.G./azzdn, 
to  clothe  (>Germ.  fassen,  in  sense  of  "to  clothe," 
e.g.  to  line  the  walls  of  a  mine),  the  e  of  vetze  changing 
to  the  a  of  Fazzuolo,  under  the  attraction  of  Faccia. 
*Fazzone  f.  (var.  of  Fazione);  manner,  fashion. 

Fey?;  short  for  Fede. 

Febbraccia  f. ;  pegg.  Febbre. 

Febbraietto  m. ;  Prtni.  —  corto  e  maladetto, 
February  is  the  shortest  and  worst  of  the  months. 

Febbraio  m.  (L.  Februarius,<fe- 
bruum,  a  Sabine  word  for  purification) ; 
February. 

Febbre/  (L.);  i.  fever;  in  //., 
malarial  fever.  2.  scherz.  for  fruit,  esp. 
melon. 

Febbreggiare  ind.  febbreggio ;  prov. 
Febbraio  febbreggia,  i.e.  our  friend  will 
carry  on  his  own  unpleasant  ways,  as 
does  February. 

Febbr-erella  or  -etta  dim.,  -cttaccia  pegg., 
-iciattola  feverish  attack,  -icina  =  -ina,  -icitante 
one  suffering  from  fever,  -ic6ne  =  -one,  -ic6so  apt 
to  cause  fever,  -ifiigo  febrifuge,  -lie  feverish,  -il- 
mente  adv.,  -ina  liim.,  -cma  or  -6ne  augm., 
-uccia  dim.  ;  v.  Febbre. 

Ftbe,  Febea/;  (poet.)  moon. 

Febeo  ;  of  Phoebus.  Estro  — ,  poetic  inspira- 
tion. 

Fecale;  faecal. 

Feccia  /  (L.  faex);  i.  sediment. 
2.  dregs.  3.  in  pi.,  faeces. 

Fecciaccia  f. ;  pegg.  Feccia. 
Fecciaia/ ;  spigot-hole  in  a  cask. 

Fecciai-o ;  Spina  -a,  spigot,  the 
withdrawal  of  which  allows  the  dregs 
of  a  cask  to  escape. 

Feccio  m. ;  a  deep  oblong  chest  used 
for  sugar. 

Fecci6so;  i.  full  of  sediment,  thick. 
2.  Jig.  dirty,  low. 

Fecciume  m. ;  quantity  of  dregs  or 
rubbish. 

Feciale  (Feziale)  m.  (L.);  one  of  the  college  of 
heralds,  Fetiales,  in  ancient  Rome. 


FECOLA— FERIA 


239 


F6cola  f.  (L.  faecula,  dim.  of  faex) ; 
fecula,  starch  obtained  as  a  sediment 
by  breaking  down  certain  plants  or 
seeds  in  water. 

Fecond-abile,    -am^nte,    -are    to    fertilise, 
-ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azi6ne,  -ita;  v.  Fecondo. 
Fec6ndo  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sitb  Fecund);  fruitful. 

Feculento ;  rich  in  starch,  v.  Fecola. 
*  =  Feccioso. 

•Fedare  (L.foedus,  foul);  to  befoul. 
Feddedfo  !  =  Fe  di  Dio,  God's  truth  ! 

Fe"de  /  (L.  fides,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Faith) ;  i.  faith.  2.  credit.  3.  certifi- 
cate. 4.  Far  — ,  to  witness,  to  vouch. 

5.  Cavar  le  fedi,  to  obtain  certificates. 

6.  Mani    in    — ,   a    representation    of 
clasped  hands,  on  a  ring.     7.  Atto  di 
— ,  prayer.     8.  Fare  atto  di  — ,  to  take 
on  trust. 

Fedecomm&sso ;  v.  Fidecommesso. 

Fedel-e;  faithful,  'vassal.  Aff. 
-mente,  -one  ategm.  scherz.  or  iron.,  -ta. 

Fedelfni  m.  pi. ;  a  kind  of  Spaghetti, 
vermicelli. 

Federa  /  (O.H.G.  fedara,  >  Germ. 
Feder,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Feather) ;  pillow- 
case. *shawl. 

Federal-e,  -ismo,  -ista,  -m6nte,  Federat- 
ive, -o,  Federazi6ne ;  as  E.  (L.  foedvs,  akin  to 
fides). 

Fedifrago;  faith-breaking. 

Fedfna  /  (dim.   Fede,  certificate); 

1.  certificate  of  respectability.    2.  in  pi., 
whiskers,  a  term  which  rose  under  the 
Austrian  domination  of  Italy,  because 
whiskers  were  worn  by  men  well  affected 
to  the  government. 

Fedin6ne /T/A ;  attgm.  Fedine. 
*Fedire;=  Ferire,  to  strike  (cp.  Rado,<Raro). 

*  Fed-o  (L.foedus);  foul.    Aff.  -ita. 
Fedriadi /://.;  the  Phacdriades,  rocks  above' 

Delphi,  where  the  Castalian  spring  rises. 
tFegaro  m. ;  maigrc  (fish),  v.  Sciaena. 

Fegataccio  m.;  i.  ptgg.  Fegato.  2.  fig.  un- 
scrupulous man. 

Fegatella  /;  (hot.)  \.  liverwort, 
Marchantia  polymorpha.  2.  Anemone 
hepatica. 

Fegat^lli  m.  pi. ;  slices  of  pig's  liver, 
cooked  in  a  piece  of  the  peritoneal 
membrane.  *Cadere  i  —  alle  calcagna, 
i.e.  to  lose  all  heart. 

Fegatfno    m. ;     i.    liver    of   fowls. 

2.  fig.  iron,  bad-hearted  person. 

Fegato  m.  (L.  ficatum,  for  jecur 
ficatum,  liver  of  a  fig-fattened  goose, 
cp.  modern  Gr.  <TVK<OTI,  liver,  <  O-VKOV, 
a  fig)  ;  i.  liver.  2.  fig.  courage. 

3.  (chem.)  —  di  zolfo,  liver  of  sulphur, 
a  fused  sulphuret  of  potash  ;  —  d'  an- 
timonio,  a   similar   preparation  of  an- 
timony, so  called  from  the  colour. 

Fegatdso;  i.  with  disordered  liver ; 
Viso  — ,  spotted  face,  attributed  to 
liver  complaint.  2.  Colore  — ,  liver- 
coloured. 

•Feggere  or  Feggiare;  var.  of  Fiederc,  to 
strike. 

•  Fegli ;  old  pi.  of  Fcllo. 
tFeio  m.  ;=Feudo. 

F61ce    (Filice)  /   (L.  filix);    fern. 

—  comune  or  da  ricolta,  brake,  Pteris 

aquilina.   —  fiorita,  royal  fern,  Osmun- 


da  regalis.  —  lunaria,  moon-fern,  Os- 
munda  lunaria.  —  quercina,  polypody, 
•v.  Erba  (no).  -  sensitiva,  sensitive 
fern,  Onoclea  sensibilis. 

Felce't-a  /,  or  -o  m. ;  bed  of  ferns. 

*Felciata/I;  i.  =  Giuncata,  junket.    ii.  =  Ricotta. 
Feldispato  m.  (Germ.  Feldspai)  ;  feldspar,  one 
of  the  constituents  of  granite. 

Feldmaresciallo  m. ;  field-marshal. 

•Fele  >«.;=Fiele,  gall. 
•Filice;  v.  Felce. 

Feltc-e  (L.  feli.r,  orig.  meaning  fruitful,  akin 
to  fenus,  interest,  fniit  of  a  loan,  fetus,  offspring, 
fruit,  fecundus,    fruitful ;    v.    Skeat,    sub    Fetus) ; 
happy.     Aff'   -em^nte,  -ita,  -itare,  -itazione. 
FeHno(L.,<./H/.t,  cat);  feline. 
Fella  m.  (Arabic  for  husbandman);    Egyptian 
peasant. 

Fellandrio  m.  (Gr.  c/>eMck,  cork,  dnjp);  (tot.') 
water  drop-wort,  Qenanthe  Phellandrium. 
•Felle»».;  =  Fiele,  gall. 
*  Felli  ;  =  fe'  li,  made  them. 


Fello;  wicked. 


Etym.  Cogn.  Proven;,  fels,  felh,  felhon,  Fr. 
ftlon,  old  Span,  fellon,  mlt.  felo;  the  origin  of 
these  is  prob.  either  O.H.G.  **fillo,  a  word  pre- 
supposed by  the  vb.  Jill6n,  to  flog,  to  flay,  or  else 
L.  jbi,  gall,  or  possibly,  as  Ducange  suggests,  from 
a  source  near  old  Saxon  fnelen  (>  A.S.  feallan,  E. 
to  fell).  The  word  passed  into  Italian  from  Pro- 
vencal. 

*FeIloce;  =  Feroce. 
Felldne  (variant  of  Fello);  guilty  of  treason. 

*  i.   savage,  fierce,     ii.  =  Fello,  wicked. 

Fellone'sc-0 ;  i.  felon.  2.  murderous. 
Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Fellonia/;  treason. 

Felloplastica  /;  art  of  making 
models  in  cork. 

Felp-a/  (etym.  unkn.~) ;  plush.  Aff. 
-ato. 

*  Felpetta./;  a  kind  of  loose  plush. 
Felsina  f. ;  Acqua  di  — ,  a  Bolognese  scent. 

Feltrare  ind.  feltro ;  i.  to  convert 
into  felt.  2.  =Filtrare. 

Feltr-atura/ ;  v.  -are  (i).  -fno  m.; 
soft  felt. 

F^ltro  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Vr.feutre,  mlt. 
filtrum,  Dutch  iiilt,  Germ.  Pile,  of 
Germanic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Felt) ; 
felt.  (B);  =  Filtro,  filter. 

Feluca  (Filuca)y^  (Arabic  fulk,  ship);  felucca, 
a  vessel  with  two  masts,  lateen  sails,  and  often  a 
rudder  at  each  end. 

Felzata  / ;  a  kind  of  felted  cloth 
used  to  cover  the  cabin  of  a  gondola. 

Felze  m. ;  cover  of  the  cabin  of  a 
gondola,  or  the  cabin  itself. 

F^mmin-a/  (L.femina,  root  dhe,  to 
suckle,  with  participial  suffix  corre- 
sponding to  Gr.  -fitvos,  cp.  Gr.  #17^/1/17 
from  dd<a,  to  suck,  OfjAu?,  female,  L. 
felare,  to  suck,  filius,  properly,  sucking 
child,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Feminine,  Filial)  ; 

1.  female,    of   man    or    any    animal. 

2.  mortice ;  and  generally  in  any  kind 
of  apparatus  when  two  parts  fit  together, 
that  which  receives  the  other  is  termed 
female,  a  usage  limited  in -English  to 
screws,  v.  Maschio  (2)  and  (7).     Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Femminell-a  /  ;  i.  dim.  Femmina. 
2.  eye  of  a  hook  and  eye.  3.  ring  to 
fit  on  to  a  pin  for  forming  a  hinge. 
4.  false  side-shoot  of  a  vine  after 
pruning.  5.  (mar.)  -e  del  timone, 
gudgeons  or  gougings  of  the  rudder, 
braces. 


Femmineo;  of  women,     'effeminate. 
Fernmin6sc-o  ;  spreg.  feminine.    Aff.  -amente. 
Femmin^tta./;  dim.  vezz.  Femmina. 

Femminile;  i.  womanly.  2.  (gram. 
feminine. 

Femminino;  i.  female,  sometimes 
in  a  slightly  contemptuous  sense.  2.  i.q. 
Femminile  (2). 

Femminuccia^/;  dim.  spreg.  Femmina. 

F6mor-e  ;«.  (L.  femur)  ;  thigh-bone.  Aff. 
-ale. 

t  Fena  y^;=Miseria,  Stanga. 

Fenachisticppo  m.  (coined<Gr.  4>eVa£,  cheat); 
a  simple  form  of  cinematograph. 

Fenato;  (chem.)v.  Fenico. 

Fend6nt-e  m.  ;  downward  slash  with 
a  sword.  Tirar  -i  a  traverso,  =  Sparlare, 
to  speak  evil  (of). 

F6nd-ere  perf.  fenddi  or  fendetti 
(*fessi),  part,  fenduto  or  fe"sso  (L.  fin- 
dere,  root  bheid,  cp.  A.S.  bill,  <  **bhidlo, 
a  sword,  E.  bill,  a  chopper,  O.H.G. 
bizzan,  to  bite,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bill, 
Fissure,  Bite)  ;  to  cleave,  -ersi,  to  crack. 

Fendfbile  ;  easy  to  split. 

Fenditdio  m.  ;  i.  cutting-block  upon 
which  to  split  the  nib  of  a  quill  pen. 
2.  one  of  the  blades  of  a  pruning-knife. 

Fendi-t6re  m.,  -trice  /  ;  one  who 
splits. 

Fenditura  /  ;  splitting,  or  the  re- 
sulting split. 

Feneratlzio  (L.,<femis,  v.  Felice); 
usurious. 

t  Feniay!;=Pagliaio  di  fieno. 

Fenicato;  (pkantt.)  containing  phenic  acid. 

Fenice  /  (L.,  <Gr.);  i.  phoenix.  2.  (tot.) 
oval  spiked  hard  grass,  Aegibps  ovata,  also  termed 
Grano  delle  formiche,  Gramigna  da  mescolo,  Gramic- 
cia  ovale. 

*Feniceo;  i.  of  a  phoenix,    ii.  red. 

Fenicio  ;  Phoenician. 

Fenico:  (c/tem.)  phenic  (acid),  11.  Fenilo. 

Fenicdttero  m.  (Gr.  ^oinxos,  red,  irrepov, 
wing)  ;  v.  Flamingo. 

*  Penile  w.;—  Fienile,  hay-loft. 

Fenilo  m.  ;  (chew.)  phenyl  ;  the  term  was 
coined  by  Laurent  in  1835  from  Gr.  <^<uV<u,  iiATj, 
from  the  connection  of  the  body  with  the  source  of 
gas. 

*  Feninda  f.',  =  Arpasto. 
FenissayC;  Phoenician  woman. 
Fen6men-o  (Gr.);   as   E.    Aff.  -ale  or  -ico, 

-ologia. 

*  Fenore  m.  (\j.femts)\  profits  of  usury. 

*  Feo  m.  ;  i.  =  Feudo.    ii.  =  Stipendio. 

*  Fera/.;=  Fiera,  wild  beast. 

Ferac-e  (L.,  v.  infra,  -fero)  ;  fertile. 
Aff.  -ita. 

t  Feraio  m.  \  February. 

*  Feraiuolo  ;=  Ferraiolo,  smith. 

Ferale  ;  funeral. 

Etym.  L.feralis,  akin  to  Gr.  fleo?  (for  decr-6s, 
cp.  0«'(r-4>aTof,  god-spoken,  the  s  disappearing  in  Gr. 
and  becoming  r  in  L.  between  two  vowels),  M.H.G. 
gclvuas,  ghost,  Lith.  dvase,  breath,  spirit,  root 
dkeuts,  to  breathe,  v.  Teologia. 

*Feralmente;  i.  gloomily,     ii.  savagely. 
*Feramew.  ;  wild  animals. 
•Fercolow;.  (L.);  i.  litter,  ii.  tray.  iii.  eucharist. 
Ferentario  m.  (L.);  light-armed  soldier. 

*  Ferere  ;  i.  v.  Ferire.     ii.  =  Inciampare. 

Feretro  m.  (L.);  i.  bier.  2.  =Cata- 
falco.  *  =  Fercolo. 


a/  (L.,  for  an  older  fesia,  ,< 
L.  rooty^j,  act  of  religion,  corresponding 
to  an  Indog.  **dne-s,  v.  Fanatico); 
i.  public  holiday.  2.  in//.,  =Vacanze, 
school  holidays.  3.  (eccl.)  any  day 
except  Sunday  and  Saturday,  thus 
Monday  is  —  seconda,  Tuesday  — 


240 


FERIALE— FERRO 


terza,  ecc. ;  Far  del  la  — ,  to  say  the 
office  for  the  week-day  in  question ; 
Messa  della  — ,  the  day's  Mass.  4.  in 
ancient  Rome :  -e  stative,  those  written 
on  the  Fasti;  -e  concettive,  moveable ; 
-e  annali,  annual ;  -e  indettive,  ap- 
pointed by  the  consul  or  praetor ;  -e 
sementive,  sacred  to  Ceres. 

Ferial-6;  I.  Giorno  — ,  ordinary 
day.  Nei  giorni  -i  1'  ufficio  e  aperto 
dalle  9  alle  3,  the  office  is  open  every 
week-day  from  9  to  3.  2.  (eccl.)  v. 
Feria  (3). 

*  Feriare ;  to  keep  holiday. 

Feriato  m. ;  period  when  the  courts 
are  shut. 

Fer-ibile;  v.  -ire.     -icida  w.;  hunter. 
'Ferigno;  i.  — Ferine,     ii.  =  Inferigno. 
Ferimento  -ni. ;  v.  Ferire. 

Ferine  (L.) ;  savage. 

Ferire  (Ferere,  Fierere,  with  further 
variants  Feggere,  Feggiare,  Fiedere) 
ind.  ferisco  ferisci  ferisce,  the  form  fere 
is  also  used  in  the  prov.  Chi  di  coltello 
fere  (or  ferisce)  di  coltello  pere  (or 
perisce),  perf.  feri'i,  part,  ferito  (L.ferio, 
akin  tofbrare,  root  bher,  to  cut,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bore);  I.  to  wound.  2.  fig.  —  la 
fantasia,  to  please ;  Quella  figurina  mi 
ha  proprio  ferito  la  fantasia,  that  charm- 
ing little  statue  has  quite  struck  my 
fancy.  3.  intr.,  e.g.  of  the  wind,  to 
beat ;  II  vento  ferisce  molto  in  quel 
punto,  the  wind  beats  strongly  against 
that  point.  4.  fig.  Dove  vuole  andare 
a  -  -  con  quelle  parole,  what  is  he 
driving  at  when  he  says  that  ? 

*  Obsolete  forms:   3rd  pres.  ind.  fier,  fiere,  fere; 
subj.  fera;  3rd  //.  imperf.  ferieno;   ist  perf.  feritti, 
3rd  feritte ;  part,  feruto,  and,  as  if  from  **  Fierare, 
3rd  pres.  ind.  fiera,  fl.  fierano. 

*  Feristo  m. ;  tent-pole. 

Ferita  / ;  wound.  Ferita  /  ;  bar- 
barity. 

Ferit6ia  / ;  loop-hole. 

*  Feritoio  in. '.  striking,  wounding  weapon. 

Feri-t6re  m.,  -t<5ra,  -trice/;  striker. 

*  Ferle  ///.:  =  Grucce. 

*  Ferlinante  m.  ;  workman  who  received  a  token, 
Ferlino,  to  be  presented  for  payment  for  his  work. 

*  Ferlino  m.  (cogn.  old  Yr.ferlin,  \>\l.ferlingus, 
< &..?>.  feorthing);  \.  farthing,     ii.  leaden  token,  v. 
Ferlinante. 

F^rma  /  ;  term  of  voluntary  en- 
listment. La  sua  —  e  di  tanti  anni,  he 
has  engaged  for  so  many  years. 

*i.  confirmation,     ii.  agreement. 
Fermabue  m.  \  (bot.~)  rest-harrow,  v.  Bonagra. 
Fermac6rde  t». ;  detent  of  a  watch  or  clock. 

Fermagl-io  m. ;  clasp.    Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Ferm-amente  adv.  of  -o. 

*  Fermano  m. ',  v.  Firmano. 
Fermanza/;  guarantee. 

Fermare  ind.  feVmo ;  i.  to  stop. 
2.  to  resolve.  3.  to  fasten.  4.  to  cook 
slightly  so  as  to  prevent  putrefaction. 
5.  of  a  dog,  to  point  at.  6.  in  singing, 
to  keep  (the  voice)  steady. 

*i.  to  support  (a  person's  steps),  ii.  to  collect 
together,  iii.  to  shut.  iv.  to  make  an  agreement. 
v.  to  confirm.  vL  to  assure,  vii.  to  fix.  viii.  to 
solidify,  ix.  to  engage  as  servant,  to  hire  (a  horse). 
x.  —  gli  umori,  to  settle  men's  minds. 

Fermata/;  i.  stop,  pause.  2.  halt- 
ing-place. 3.  (mar.)  putting  into,  or 
stay  in,  a  port. 


Fermatur-a  / ;  i.  point  of  attach- 
ment. 2.  attachment,  clasp.  Aff.  -ina 
dim. 

Ferment-abile,  -are,  -ativo,  -aziine,  -o; 
as  E. 

Etym.  L.  fennentum  for  **fervimentum,  v. 
Fervere. 

Ferm6zza/;  i.  firmness.  2.  clasp, 
e.g.  for  a  bracelet. 

Fermezzfna  yl ;  dim.  vezz.  Fermezza  (2). 
Fermino  ;  dim.  1'ezz.  Fermo. 

Fe'rm-o  (L.  firmus,  root  dher,  tight 
hold,  cp.  Sanskr.  dhar-ati,  holds  fast, 
dhar-ani,  the  earth,  dhar-una,  the  sky, 
firmament,  Gr.  dp^ws,  footstool,  8p6vos, 
chair,  L.  fretus,  supported,  fere,  quite, 
ford's,  strong,  v.  Forte)  ;  I.  firm. 
2.  steady.  3.  (Acque)  -e,  stagnant. 
4.  Canto  — ,  Gregorian  music.  5.  Terra 
-a,  continent,  as  opposed  to  island. 

6.  Eta  -a,   when   growth   has   ceased. 

7.  (Lettera)  -a  in  posta,  to  be  called 
for    at    the     post-office.       8.     settled 
(weather).     9.  Aver  il  capo  — ,  to  have 
made  up   one's   mind.     10.    Punto  — , 
full-stop.     1 1.  Le  palle  non  son  -e,  the 
balls  have  not  yet  stopped,  i.e.  the  thing 
is  not  yet  certain.     12.  syncop.  for  Fer- 
mato  part. 

Assi>.:  13.  arrest.  14.  Cane  da — , 
pointer.  15.  Dare  un  —  alle  carni,  v. 
Fermare  (4).  16.  catch,  hook,  for  keep- 
ing shutters,  etc.  in  a  fixed  position  when 
they  stand  open. 

Fernambucco  m. ;  Pernambuco  wood,  viz. 
that  of  the  Caesalpina  echinata,  used  by  dyers,  v. 
Verzino. 

Feme  tn. ;  a  kind  of  liqueur,  fernet. 

Fernette/;*/.;  bits  of  a  key  which  fit  the  lock. 

-fero  ;  <  L.  suffix  -ferns,  from  the 
stem  of  fero,  to  bear,  root  bher,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Bear ;  cp.  Conferire,  Differire, 
Faretra,  Fertile,  ecc.,  ecc. 

*  Fero ;   i.  sb.  =  Fiero,  wild  beast,     ii.  =  Fecero. 
iii.  =  Ferro. 

Fer6c-e  (L.  /erox,  </erus,  wild,  v.  Fiera); 
as  E. 

Aff.  -emente,  Fer6cia  or,  less  commonly,  -ita. 

Fer6e  f.  pi. ;  the  Faroe  islands  near  Iceland. 

Ferolaggine/I;  (bot.)=  Ferula  comune,  giant 
fennel. 

Ferraccia  f.  ;  i.  a  species  of  ray  (fish),  v . 
Miliobate,  and  Trigone.  2.  gilder's  gold-leaf  box. 

Ferraccio  m. ;  i.  pegg.  Ferro,  cast- 
iron.  2.  pig-iron.  3.  fig.  person 
capable  of  any  iniquity. 

Ferraglia  / ;  scrap-iron. 

Ferrag6sto  (L.  feriag  Augnsti,  v.  Feria); 
August  holidays  formerly  kept  in  various  parts  of 
Italy  at  different  dates  from  the  ist  to  the  isth  of 
the  month. 

*  Ferraguto  m. ;  highwayman. 

Ferraio  m. ;  blacksmith,  t  Febru- 
ary. 

Ferraiol-accio /<•££-.,  -etto  dim.  vezz.,  of-o. 

Ferraiollno  m. ;  a  sort  of  shawl 
worn  by  priests  over  the  cassock. 

Ferrai61-0  m.  (etym.  unkn. ;  perhaps 
<  Span,  ferremelo,  altered  under  the 
attraction  of  Ferraio,  February ;  this 
word,  together  with  Portug.  ferragoulo, 
may  be  from  Arabic  farragion,  tunic) ; 
i.  a  long  sleeveless  and  collarless  cloak 
which  when  spread  out  is  circular  in 
shape.  2.  Fare  in  — ,  in  shooting,  to 
kill  the  animal  so  that  it  falls  at  once 
in  a  heap.  3.  Accidente  a  — ,  fulmin- 


ating apoplexy.  4.  Farsi  tirar  per  il 
— ,  i.e.  to  be  a  long  time  in  paying  a 
debt.  5.  =Cosa  molesta,  trouble.  Aff. 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*  Ferraiuolo  m. ;  smith. 
Ferrame  m. ;  quantity  of  iron. 

Ferrame'nt-i  m.  pi.,  or  -a  /  pi. ; 
all  the  ironwork  of  any  structure  or 
apparatus. 

Ferrana/  (corr.  of  Farraggine)  m.; 
mixture  of  various  kinds  of  grain  sown 
together,  to  be  cut  green  for  forage. 

*  Ferrandina  f.  (possibly  from   It.   ferrante  on 
account  of  the  colour);  — Trama  di  lana  con  catena 
di  seta,  cloth  made  of  silk,  wool  and  cotton,  mixed. 

Ferrante  (It.  ferro);  Baio  — ,  or  simply  — , 
rusty  roan  (horse).  Obsolete,  except  perhaps  in 
the  phrase  Essere,  or  Andare,  fra  Baiante  e  Fer- 
rante,  ///.  between  bay  roan  and  rusty  roan,  but 
used  in  sense  of  standing  between  two  fires,  or  of  a 
matter  in  debate  between  two  equally  matched  dis- 
putants. 

Ferrare  ind.  ftrro ;  i.  to  provide 
with  iron.  2.  to  bind  with  iron.  3.  to 
shoe  (a  horse) ;  —  a  ghiaccio,  to  rough 
(the  shoes) ;  —  grasso,  to  put  the  nails 
too  near  the  quick  of  the  hoof;  - 
magro,  the  opposite ;  similarly,  —  troppo 
alto,  or  basso.  Prov.  Chi  ferra  inchioda, 
i.e.  he  who  makes  anything  must  make 
mistakes,  v.  Inchiodare.  4.  Lasciarsi 
— ,  to  submit  oneself  to  the  will  of 
another.  5.  Strada  ferrata,  railroad. 
6.  Vino  ferrato,  steel  wine. 

*i.  =  Inchiodare,  to  nail  up.  ii.  to  bar  up 
windows,  iii.  to  shackle  (convicts),  iv.  —  !'  oche, 
to  shoe  geese,  i.e.  have  a  difficult  job  to  do,  or  a 
useless  one.  v.  Ferrarsi,  to  arm  for  war. 

Ferrare'ccia  / ;  ironmongery. 

*Ferrariay!;=Ferriera,  smithy. 
tFerrason  m. ;  a  species  of  ray  (fish),  v.  Milio- 
bate. 

t  Ferrassa  f. ;  sting-ray,  v.  Trigone. 

Ferrata  f.;  i.  =  Inferriata,  iron  grat- 
ing. 2.  ironing.  3.  ironmould,  mark 
of  a  burn  from  ironing.  4.  =  Strada 
ferrata,  railroad. 

*  i.  prison,     ii.   hoof-mark. 

*  Ferratore  m. ;   i.   farrier,     ii.    harbour  (in  this 
sense    for    Afferratore,    place    where    a    ship    takes 
land). 

Ferratura  /.;  vbsb.  of  Ferrare. 

Ferravecchie  /.  pi. ;  old  lumber. 

Ferravecchio  m.  ;  second-hand 
dealer,  lit.  dealer  in  old  iron. 

Ferrazz-61o  or  -u61o  m. ;  labourer 
in  an  ironworks. 

Ferreo  ;  adj.,  iron. 
Ferrettlno  m. ;  dim.  Ferretto. 
Ferre'tto  m. ;  dim.  Ferro,  tool. 

*  i.    —  di  Spagna,  copper  heated   together  with 
sulphur,    ii.  a  kind  of  ferruginous  clay.    iii.  as  oaf/"., 
with  iron-grey  hair,     tthin  brick  used  edgeways  for 
paving. 

Ferriata/;;=Inferriata,  grating. 
Ferrico ;  (fhein.}  ferric. 

Ferriera  / ;  i.  ironworks.  2.  tool- 
bag. 

*  Ferriero ;  (artil.)  throwing  an  iron  ball,  not  a 
stone. 

Ferrigno  ;  of  iron,  ferruginous. 

*i.  obstinate,     ii.  =  Gagliardo,  brave. 

Ferrfno  m.;  Mm.  Ferro,  tool. 

Ferr-0  m.  (L.,  borrowed  from  He- 
brew) ;  i.  iron.  2.  Ai  -i,  in  cooking, 


FERROLINO— FIACCONE 


241 


grilled.  3.  tool.  4.  knitting  needle. 
5.  flat-iron  ;  Dare  il  —  a,  to  iron  (a  piece 
of  cloth).  6.  horse-shoe  ;  A  -  -  di 
cavallo,  horse-shoe  shaped.  7.  in  //., 
shackles,  irons  ;  -i  corti,  short;  chains 
fastening  the  hands  to  the  feet  as  a 
military  punishment.  8.  —  di  bottega, 
or  di  polizia,  police  spy.  9.  Essere  a 
quest!  -i,  to  be  in  this  trouble.  10.  Venire 
a'  -i,  to  come  to  the  point.  1  1.  =  Pattini, 
skates.  12.  (tot.)  (a)  —  di  cavallo,  tufted 
horse-shoe  vetch,  Hippocrepis  comosa  ; 
(6)  Albero  di  —  ,  iron-wood,  Sidtrofyion, 
also  termed  Legno  ferreo.  13.  (mar.)  = 
Ancorotto  da  palischelmo,  boat's  anchor. 

FerroKno  »i.  •  dim.  vezz.  Ferro,  tool. 

•Ferrolite/.;  basalt. 
Ferrdso  ;  (ckem.)  ferrous. 

Ferrovl-a/  ;  railway.     Aff.  -ario. 


m.  ;  railway-man  ;  in//., 
(mil.)  the  corps  of  engineers  managing 
a  railway  service  in  war. 

*  Ferruche  /.  pi.  ;  rusty  tools. 
•Ferruggine/.  ;=Ruggine,  rust. 

Ferrugmeo  ;  i.  rust-coloured.     2.  ferruginous. 
Ferrugin-dso;  as  E.    Aff.  -osita. 
*,Ferruminare  ;  =  Saldare,  to  solder. 
Ferruzz-ino  sub-dim.,  -o  dim.,  of  Ferro,  tool. 

*  Fersa  ;  z'.  Ferza. 

Fertil-e  (L.,  v.  supra,  -fero);  as  E.  Aff.  -ita, 
-izzare. 

Fertro  m.;  (hot.)  i.  —  di  padule,  water-violet, 
v.  Erba  (137).     2.  hornwort,  v.  Coda  (19  a,  o). 
•Ferucol-ayl,  or  -o  m.  ;  small  creature. 

Ferula  /;  I.  (bot.)  giant  fennel, 
Ferula  communis,  or  other  species  of 
Ferula;  F.  glauca,  =  Gr.  vapBr,^  is  the 
plant  used  by  Prometheus  for  conveying 
fire,  in  Greek  mythology.  2.  rod,  staff 
made  from  the  bamboo-like  stems  of 
Ferula.  Z-fig-  scherz.  rod  of  correction. 
4.  («v:/.)  wand  borne  on  the  occasion  of 
a  solemn  procession. 

*i.  (eccl.)  pastoral  staff,  ii.  thyrsus,  iii.  splint 
for  a  fractured  bone. 

*  Feruto  ;  fart.  Ferire. 

F6rv-ere  perf.  ferveM  or  fervetti  fer- 
vdsti  ferve,  no  pass.  part.  (L.fervere,  to 
boil,  <  Indog.  **bhereu,  a  widened  form 
of  **bhere,  expressing  restless  motion, 
cp.  Irish  berbaim,  I  boil,  L.frttum,  strait, 
orig.  surging  sea);  to  be  fervent.  *of 
grape-juice,  to  ferment. 

Aff.  -ente,  -entemente,  -enza,  -idamente,  -idezza, 
-ido,  -ore. 

Fervorlno  m.  :  i.  preachment,  mild 
scolding.  2.  address,  short  exhortation. 

Fervor6s-o  ;  earnest.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 

•Ferza,  Fersa  /;  =  Sferza,  whip.  Etym.  **fer- 
zare,  either  from  "/eritiare,  freq.  of  L.  ferirs  or 
for  **/elzare,<O.H.G.  '"fillazan,  augm.  tffillan, 
to  flog,  lit.  to  flay. 

Ferzo  m.  (perhaps  <  Gr.  *<£p<7o?,  c/>.  the  old 
Venetian  formfersa,  mlt.  fersus,  <  **$ap<o,  to  tear 
off);  sail-cloth. 

Fescennfno  (L.,<the  Etruscan  town  Fescen- 
mum)  ;  i.  Fescennine  (poetry),  dialogues  in  rude 
extempore  verses,  generally  in  Saturnian  metre,  in 
which  the  parties  ridiculed  one  another.  2.  \>yexl., 
scurrilous. 

Fescera/;  (tat.)  Bryonia  alba,  not  a  liritish 
plant. 

*  Fescina  /  ;  =  Fiscella,  fruit  -basket. 
Fesciu:  v.  Fisciu. 

*  Fesolera^C;  a  small  vessel  for  oars  or  sails. 
•Fessi  ;  i.   for  Si  ft,  D.  Par.  5.  131.     ii.  imterf. 

svbj.  of  Fare,  D.  Inf.  33.  59. 

Fesslno  m.  ;  dim.  Fesso,  crack. 
Fessitura  /  ;  wide  crack. 
H. 


F6sso;  (A)  \.part.  Fendere.  2.  s6., 
=  Fessura,  crack. 

*(B)(L.);  tired. 

Fessolino  m.  ;  dim.  Fesso,  crack. 

*Fessuolo  trt.:—  Fessolino. 

Fessur-a  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fis- 
sure) ;  crack.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

F6st-a  /  (L.  festa,  n.  pi.,  v.  Feria)  ; 

1.  holiday,  festivity,  esp.  church  holiday, 
whether  that  of  Sunday  or  other  festival. 

2.  —  •  intera,  day  on  which  besides  the 
duty  of  attending  mass  no  work  is  to  be 
done.    3.  Mezza  -  —  ,  day  on  which  mass 
is    to   be   attended  but   ordinary  work 
may  be  done.     4.    —  di  ballo,  a  ball. 
5.  Far  —  ,  to  take  a  holiday.    6.  Far  — 
a,  to  welcome.     7.  Far  la  —  a  uno,  to 
kill  him.     8.  Fare  la  —  a  Una  cosa,  to 
run  off  with  it;   Chiudi  quegli  uccelli 
altrimenti    il   gatto  gli    fa  la   —  ,    shut 
those  birds  up  safely  or  the  cat  will  run 
off  with   them.     9.    Bisogna  far  la  - 
quando  6  il  Santo,  i.e.  things  must  be 
done  at  the  proper  time.     10.  Dare  le 
buone  -e  a  uno,  to  wish  him  a  happy 
Christmas   or  birthday.     1  1.    Conciare 
uno  pel  dl  delle  -e,  to  beat  him  soundly. 
12.  A  —  ,  in  holiday  attire.     13.     E  —  , 
and  there  was  an   end   of  it;    Se   mi 
stuzzicano  un  altro  poco  me  ne  vo  e  —  , 
if  they  provoke  me  a  little  bit  further 
I  shall  just  simply  go. 

Fest-accia  f.  ;  pegg.,  rowdy  holiday. 
-ai61o  or  -aiuolo  m.  ;  manager  of,  or 
one  who  pays  for  a  Festa.  -ante  ;  v. 
Festa. 

*Festechino;  v.  Festichino. 

Festeggi-are  ind.  festeggio  ;  i.  to  have  a 
festive  celebration  of.  2.  intr.  to  keep  holiday. 
Aff,  -aniento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -o  sb. 

*Festello  w.;=Mazzo  di  ciondoli,  bunch  of 
dangles. 

Fest-ereccio  adj.  spreg.,  -evole  adj.,  -evo- 
lezza,  -evolmente,  -iccibia  dim.  ;  v.  -a. 

*  Festichino,     Festechino     (prob.  <  Turkish 
festich,  pistachio  nut);  light  green. 

Fest-icina  or  -Inay?;  dim.  vezz.  Festa. 
*Festin-are  (L.);  to  hasten. 

Festino  m.',  party,  entertainment. 

Festival  or  Festival  m.;  as  E. 

Festiv-amente,  -ita,  -o;  as  E. 

Fest6n-ay;,  -e»r;  augm.  Festa. 

Fest6new.  ;  i.  v.  Festona.     2.  festoon. 

Etynt.  In  sense  of  festoon  "apparently  an 
aug-tn.  <  L.  festnm,  from  the  use  made  of  festoons 
on  festive  occasions  ;  Grandgagnage  however,  quoting 
the  Walloon  /fsi,  to  weave  osiers,  and  fitz,  a  word 
used  at  Aix-la-Chapelle  for  a  short  stick,  attributes 
a  Germanic  origin  to  it"  (Littre). 

Fest6s-o;  joyous.  Aff.  -amente,  -mo  dint., 
-ita. 

Festiicay:  (L.  ftstvca,  stalk,  frob.  for  "fer- 
stuca,  from  the  same  root  zzfastiginm,  v.  Fastigio); 
bit  of  straw,  mote. 

'Festucchio  m.  ;  poplar  or  other  tree  used  for 
training  vines. 

Festuccia^j  dim.  Festa. 

*Festuco>«.;  i.  =  Festuca.    ii.=yiticcio,  tendril. 
tFeta  /;  i.  —  di  rimesso,  =  Foglio  di  piallaccio, 
veneer,     ii.  —  di  rovere,  oak-plank. 

*  Fetare  ;  to  give  birth  to. 
Fetente:  stinking. 

*Fetere,  no  f  erf.  or  fass.  part.  (l..foetere,  to 
stink,  cp.  fimus,  dung,  suf.fire,  to  fumigate,  root 
dhuei,  exhalation);  to  stink. 

Fetfa  (Arabic  fftua,  pronounced  by  the  Turks 
fetva);  decision  given  by  a  Turkish  Mufti  upon  a 
doubtful  point  of  law  or  doctrine. 

Fetfc-cio  (Fetiscio)  m.  (Portug.  feitico,  sor- 
cery, lit.  artificial,  <\,,factitiust  v.  Fattura);  fetish. 
Aff.  -isnid. 

Fetid-o  (L.,  v.  Fetere);  fetid.  Aff.  -amente, 
-ume. 

*  Fetiscio;  v.  Feticcio. 


Fetrjnte  m.;  i.  (mythol.)  Phaeton.  2.  the 
tropic  bird,  Phaeton. 

Fetdre  m.  (L  ,  ».  Fetere);  fetor. 
*Fetoso;=Fetido. 

F6tt-a  f.  (etym.  unkn.);  i.  slice. 
2.  scherz.  flap  of  a  dress.  3.  tall,  narrow 
house.  4.  in  pi.,  (»/ar.)  =  Fantinetti. 
*silk  ribbon. 

Aff.  -fna,  -olina  dims.,  -ona  augm. 

Fett6ne  m.  ;  i.  i.q.  Fettona.  2.  the  outer 
pyramidal  body  in  the  hoof  of  a  horse. 

Fettucci-a  dim.  ,  -na  sub-dim.,  of  Fetta. 
tFetulay?;  flat  codfish,  v.  Lampuga. 

Feudal-e,  -ismo,  -ita,  -mente;  as  E.  (Ger- 
manic, T.  Skeat,  sub  Fee,  Feud). 

Feudatari-o  m.,  -a  f.;  i.  owner  of  a  fief. 
2.  principal  person  in  a  village. 

Feudo  >n.  ;  i.  fief.    2.  the  payment  or  conditions 
under  which  it  was  held.     t=Feto,  queer  fellow. 
tFeuto  tn.  ;  i.q.  t  Feudo,  queer  fellow. 

Fez   m.  ;    from  the  town  of  Fez  in   Morocco, 


. 

where  they  were  made,  fez. 
*Feziale;  v.  Feciale. 


. 

Fi  ;  i.  interjection  of  disgust.  2.  imit.  of  the 
sound  of  whistling. 

*Fia;(A)/:=Fiata.    (B);  =  Figlia.    (C)  (L.  /?,•/); 
=  Sara,  will  be. 

Fiaba/  (var.  of  Favola,  <  L.fa6ula, 
>**falfla,  **flaba,  fiaba);  I.  unlikely 
story.  2.  name  for  the  dramatic  pieces 
of  C.  Gozzi,  or  for  short  pieces  of 
alternate  singing  and  recitation. 


F&to   m.  (L.,  v.    Felice); 
2.  fam.  queer  fellow. 


i.   fetus. 


slackness,  want  of  go. 

*i.  =Strepito,  row.     ii.  abundance. 

Fiaccac611o  m.  ;  =  Rompicollo,  dan- 
gerous person  or  thing.  Cascare  a  —  , 
to  fall  headlong. 

tFiaccaggine/!;  lassitude. 
•Fiaccagota  f.\   lock  of  hair  falling  down  the 
cheek. 

Fiaccamente  ;  languidly. 

Fiacc-are;  i.  to  break.  2.  to  ex- 
haust, wear  out. 

.  *  i.  =  Strappare,  to  tear  (the  hair),  ii.  -arsi  =  In- 
civilirsi.  iii.  Quei  cui  1'  ira  dentro  -a,  he  who  is 
full  of  suppressed  rage,  lit.  whom  anger  inwardly  is 
breaking,  D.  Inf.  12.  15.  iv.  part,  -ato,  miserably 
poor. 

Fiaccatdio  ;  fatiguing. 
Fiaccatura/;  breaking,  splitting  up. 
Fiaccheraio  m.  ;  fly-driver. 

Fiacchere  m.  (Fr.,  the  name  is  from 
the  hotel  de  Saint  Fiacre,  where  the 
first  carriages  for  hire  were  stationed  in 
Paris,  in  1640);  cab. 

Fiaccher611a  /  ;  dim.  Fiacca, 
languor.  *  poverty. 

Fiaccherdllo  ;  dim.  Fiacco,  languid. 
Fiacch^zzayC  ;  weakness,  slackness. 

Fiacco  (L.  flaccus,  flabby,  cp.  Gr. 
/3Xa£,  slack,  /SXn^pw,  sluggish,  Russian 
blagoj,  sluggish);  i.  weak,  feeble.  2.  as 
sb.,  drubbing. 

*  i.  =  Strage,  slaughter,     ii.  —  Presa,  capture. 

Fiaccola/  (L.  facula,  dim.  of  fax, 
torch,  v.  Face)  ;  torch,  t  three-forked 
stick  used  in  stirring  milk  for  cheese- 
making. 

Fiaccolare  ind.  fidccolo;  to  flare. 
*  =  Fiaccare. 

Fiaccolata/  ;  torchlight  procession. 
Fiaccol-etta,  -(naniims.,  -6na  augm.,  of  -a. 

Fiacc6na/;  augm.  Fiacca,  languor. 
•misery. 

Fiacc-6ne  augm.,  -uccio  dim.,  of 
Fiacco. 

31 


242 

•Fiadone,  *Fialone  m.  (bit.  fiadonem,< 
O.H.G.  fiado,  flat  cake,  akin  to  O.H.G.  flaz,  flat, 
and  E.  flawn);=Favo,  honeycomb. 

•Fiala,  'Fiola/:  (L.,<Gr.  (/>ioA>),  for  iri/oAt], 
<  root  pi,  to  drink)  ;  phial.  \i.q.  Fiale. 

*  Fiale  *Fiare,  or  *Fiaro  m.  (for  an  earlier 
Fiavale,<Fiavo,<O.H.G.  fiado,  v.  Fiadone.  For 
d>v  cp.  Milanese  and  Genoese  biava,  =  It.  biada, 
bit.  blava,=bladnm,>fr.  blf);  honeycomb. 

Flamingo  m.  (Spanish  word,  <  L.  fiamma, 
from  the  colour  of  the  bird,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Flamingo) ; 
flamingo,  Phoenicopterus,  also  termed  Fenicottcro, 
Fiammante. 

Fiamma  f.  (A)  (L.  fiamma,  root  bhleg,  to 
burn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Flagrant);  i.  flame.  2.  (mar.) 
forked  pendant  hung  at  the  top  of  a  mast.  3.  (bot.) 
(a)  —  de'  campi,  purple  cow-wheat,  v.  Coda  (19^,  p}', 
(£)=Oro"banche,  broom-rape. 

(B)  (Fr.  fiamme,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fleam);  (vet.) 
lancet. 

Fiammante  in. ',  flamingo,  v.  Flamingo. 

Fiamm-are  =  -eggiare,  -asalsa  inflammatory 
itching,  -ata  a  blaze,  -atella  dim.  of -ata,  -cggiare 
ind.  fiammeggio  to  blaze,  -ella  dim.,  -etta  dim., 
tfsu.fig.,  i.e.  lover,  mistress,  -ettina  dim.  of  -etta; 
v.  Fiamma. 

Fiammlfer-o  m. ;  match,  -aio  m. ; 
match-seller. 

Fiamminay;;  dim.  vezz.  Fiamma. 

Fiamminga  /  ;  oval  tray. 

Fiammingo  m. ;  Fleming.  As  adj., 
Flemish. 

Fi&mmola  (Flamula)  / ;  (bot.)  i.  Clematis 
fiammula.  2.  lesser  spearwort,  Ranunculus  flam* 
mula.  t=  Fiamma,  pendant. 

Fiamm-olina  dim.,  -6na  aufm.  of -a. 

Fiamm6ne  m.;  i.  augm.  Fiamma.  2.  (bot.) 
=  Orobanche. 


Fianc-are;  i.  (arch.)  to  strengthen 
at  the  sides,  to  flank.  2.  —  de'  calci, 
to  kick  in  the  ribs.  3.  -aria  ad  uno,  to 
tell  him  an  unpleasant  truth. 

Fiancata/;    i.    blow  in  the  side. 

2.  prick   in   the   flank   with    the   spur. 

3.  Dare    una    — ,    v.    Fiancare    (3). 

4.  (arck.)  flank  of  a  building.     5.  (eccl.) 
-  della   Residenza,=  I   lati   di   quella 

specie  di  baldacchino  del  trono  dov'  e 
esposto  il  Sacramento.  6.  (mar.)  broad- 
side discharge  of  guns. 

Fiancheggi-are    ind.    fianche"ggio ; 
i.  (arch.,  etc.)  to  flank.     2. 
leggiare,to  support,  assist.  ^4 

Fianche'tta  / ;  side-piece  in  an 
article  of  dress. 

Fiancli^tto  m. ;  lateral  part  of  an 
arch. 

Fianco  m.;  i.  flank,  strictly  the 
body  from  the  ribs  to  the  crest  of  the 
ilium.  2.  =Coscia,  the  abutment  of  a 
bridge.  3.  Alzare  il  . — ,  i.e.  to  eat 
heartily.  Similarly,  Far  buon  — ,  or 
Far  un  —  reale.  4.  (mar.)  —  debole, 
crankness. 

*  i.  Avere  a'  fianchi  uno,  or  una  cosa,  to  have  one's 
match  beside  one.     ii.    Aver  migliore  fianchi,  to  be 
stronger,    iii.  —  or  M  aV  del  — ,  colic. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  klanka,  hip,  or  perhaps  ftlank, 
slender,  since  klanka  is  f.  Akin  to  Gothic  Jlartc, 
Fr.  fianc,  A.S.  klanc,  slender.  The  root  is  probably 
the  same  as  that  of  Germ,  lenken,  to  bend,  Gelenk, 
articulation,  the  alternative  being  the  root  slag,  v. 
Languire,  in  which  case  the  primary  meaning  would 
be  "soft  part." 

*  Fiancuto ;  broad  across  the  hips. 
Fiandray!;  (geogr.)  Flanders. 

*  Fiandrone  m. ;   braggart,  lit.  one  who  boasts 
of  his  prowess  in  Flanders. 

*  Fiandrotto  m. ;  a  kind  of  jacket. 
*Fiano  (L._^w/);  =  Saranno,  they  will  be. 
tFiappo  (<  imit.  Germanic  rooljlap,  v.  Skeat, 

sub  Flabby,  Flap);=  Floscio,  flabby. 

*  Fiare,  Fiaro  m. ;  v.  Fiale,  honeycomb. 

Fiasca  f.  (var.  of  Fiasco) ;  large  jar 
for  carrying  oil,  milk,  water,  etc. 


FIADONE— FICATTOLA 

Fiasc-accia/,  -accio  m.;  pegg.  of  Fiasc-a,  -o. 

Fiascai-a  /,  -o  m. ;  i.  seller  of 
Fiaschi.  2.  maker  of  their  straw  or 
reed  cases. 

Fiascheggiare  ind.  fiasche'ggio ; 
(thcat.)  to  prove  a  failure.  *to  peddle 
in  wine. 

Fiascheria  /  ;  a  quantity  of  empty 
bottles. 

FiascWtta  / ;  flask. 
Fiaschetterfa  / ;  wine-shop,  bar. 
Fiaschettina/ ;  dim.  Fiaschetta. 

Fiasehettino  m.;  \.  dim.  Fiaschetto, 
about  the  eighth  part  of  a  Fiasco. 
2.  a  species  of  warbler,  v.  Lui  (2). 

Fiasch^tto  m. ;  dim.  Fiasco. 
Fiaschettdne  m. ;  mountain  tit,  Paroides  pen- 
dulinus ;  it  is  not  a  British  bird. 

Fiaschino  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Fiasco. 

Fiasco  m. ;  i.  bottle,  i.e.  the  wine- 
bottle  used  in  central  Italy  with  a 
bulging  body  and  narrow  neck,  and 
wrapped  in  straw.  2.  as  a  fluid  measure 
the  twentieth  of  a  barrel  (2'3  litres  in 
the  case  of  wine,  for  oil  it  is  only  2'i 
litres).  3.  Abboccare  il  — ,  to  fill  the 
bottle  half-way  up  the  neck  (which  is 
then  sealed  by  adding  a  thimbleful  of 
oil);  Levare  1'  olio  a  un  — ,  i.e.  to 
prepare  it  for  use.  4.  Attaccare  il  — , 
to  open  a  wine-shop  (hanging  up  an 
empty  bottle  as  a  sign).  5.  Esser 
come  i  fiaschi,  abboccato  e  segnato, 
i.e.  to  have  a  capital  appetite.  6.  Far 
un  — ,  to  play  (cards)  for  a  bottle  of 
wine.  7.  fiasco,  failure ;  Far  — ,  to  be 
a  failure ;  the  phrase  has  passed  into 
E.,  its  origin  is  unknown.  Un  — 
com'  una  damigiana,  or  com'  una  botte, 
an  utter  fiasco.  8.  Levare  questo  vino 
da'  fiaschi,  i.e.  to  take  away  the  occasion 
of  some  unpleasantness  ;  Levare  il 
vin'  da'  fiaschi,  to  cease  having  to  do 
with  a  business.  9.  Come  i  fiaschi  ! 
a  sort  of  imprecation,  e.g.  on  the  de- 
parture of  an  unwelcome  visitor,  may 
he  break  his  neck  like  a  bottle.  10.  Ap- 
piccare  il  — ,  =  Infamare,  cp.  Appiccar 
sonagli. 

Etym.  hazy.  Cogn.  bit.  fiasco  and  fiasca,  late 
Gr.  <f>Aatrieij,  O.H.G.  fiasca,  A.S.  fiasce,  Swedish 
Jin  ska,  old  ^r.fiasche,  Span,  fiasco,  Portug.  frasco. 
The  word  is  at  least  as  old  as  Isidore,  6th  century, 
"  Flascae,  a  Graeco  vocabulo  dictae.  Hae  pro  ve- 
hendis  ac  recondendis  phialis  plurimum  factae 
sunt;  inde  et  nuncupatae  sunt.  Postea  in  usum 


derivation  from  L.  vascuium  is  very  taking ;  the 
alteration  of  the  initial  K  to  an  /  may  perhaps  be 
due  to  the  attraction  of  Jlare,  to  blow,  the  Fiasco 
being  a  sort  of  bulged-out  vessel  as  if  it  had  been 
blown  out."  He  adds  a  quotation  from  Thurneysen  : 
"  I  cannot  give  a  related  form  from  Celtic  but  the 
transformation  of  vase  turn  into  vlascum  may  be 
attributed  to  Celtic  influence  since  vl  is  a  favourite 
beginning  for  Celtic  words."  Cp.  Littre,  sub  Flacon. 

Fiascdne  m. ;  augm.  Fiasco.     *poor 
wine. 

Fiascuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Fiasco. 

•Fiastro  m. ;  =  Figliastro,  step-son. 
Fiat ;  Latinism  used  to  mean  instant,  moment. 

Fiat-ayi  (cogn.  Proven^.  riegada,< 
bit.  **vicata,<L.  vie-,  stem  of  trices, 


changes,  root  tueiq,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Vicar, 
cp.  Germ.  Wechsel,  also,  directly  <  vices, 
old  Fr.  foi<!e,  Fr.  fois,  Provenc.  vetz) ; 
time  ;  spesse  -e,  many  times  ;  in  quella 
— ,  that  time,  on  that  occasion. 

•Lunga  — ,  for  a  long  time.     Tutta  — ,  con- 
tinuously. 

Fiataccina/ ;  panting  breath. 

tFiatappa,  Fiatappola/.;  fragile  article. 

Fiatare ;  to  breathe,  i.e.  to  whisper 
softly.  Vi  prego  di  non  —  di  questo 
che  v1  ho  detto,  I  beg  you  will  not 
breathe  a  word  of  what  I  have  told  you. 

*  i.  =  Rifiatare,  to  breathe,     ii.  to  sough,    iii.  to 
sniff. 

Fiatata/;  i.  breath,  puff.    2.  foul 
breath.     *  moment. 
*Fiatente;  stinking. 

Fiat-ino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o,  baby's 
breath. 

Fiat-O  m.  (L.  flatus,  root  bhla,  cp. 
O.H.G.  blahan,> Germ,  bldhen,  A.S. 
bldwan,>^..  blow);  I.  breath.  2.  - 
grosso,  panting,  asthmatic  breathing. 
3.  (meton.)  strength.  4.  person,  in  bad 
sense ;  E  un  —  da  far  questo  e  altro, 
he  is  a  fellow  capable  of  this,  and  worse 
too.  5.  nothing;  Di  quella  roba  non  ce 
n'  e  piu  — ,  there  is  nothing  left  of  that. 

6.  Strumenti  a  — ,  wind  instruments. 

7.  Atfrlnun — ,  at  one  breath.  8.  Fatto 
col  — ,  neatly  made.     9.  Cascare  il  — , 
to  hold  one's  breath  for  fear;  A  veder 
quel   capitombolo  mi   cadde   il  — ,  at 
seeing   such   a   frightful  fall   I  gasped 
for  breath.     10.   in  //.,  -i,  the  parts  of 
a  skin  near  the  hind  feet  where  it  is 
very  thin. 

•Fiatolo  OT.;  =  Affiato,  vassal. 

Fiat6ne  m.  •  panting. 

*  Fiat-ore  wr.;=Fetore.     *-oso;  stinking, 
t  Fiatula  f. ;  ~  Lampuga,  a  species  of  cod. 

*  Fia vo  in. ;  =  Fiale,  honeycomb. 

Fibbi-a/  (L.  Jibula  for  **figibnla, 
<figere,  v.  Figgere) ;  I.  buckle.  2.  = 
Capotasto,  saddle  of  a  violin. 

Aff.  -accia  }egg.  *-aglio  =  Fermaglio,  clasp, 
-6tta  or  -etti'na  dim.  vezz.,  -ona  augm.t  -one  buckle 
of  horse  harness. 

Fibr-a/  (L.  fibra\  perhaps  akin  to  findere)\ 
fibre.  Aff.  -ilia  dim,,  -illare  adj. 

Fibrin-a/.;  (med.)  as  E.    Aff.  -oso. 

Fibros-Ua,  -o;  v.  Fibra. 

Fibula/;  i.  (<z«a*.)asE.    2.  =  Fibbia. 

Fica^;  pudendum  muliebre.  Far  le  fiche,  a 
gesture  of  insolent  contempt  made  by  extending  the 
hands  with  the  thumbs  clasped  between  the  first  and 
second  fingers. 

*i.  =  Fico.     ii.   Far  la  —  alia  cassetta,  to  rob  the 
till. 


. 

Ficaccio  in.  ;  pegg.  Fico. 
*Ficaia  f.\  fig-tree. 


Ficaio;  Mese  —  ,  month  of  figs, 
i.e.  September.  As  sb.,  fig-seller,  t  fig- 
orchard. 

Ficalbo  m.  ;  =  Bianchino,  white  fig. 
t  Ficara  f.  ',  fig-seller. 

Ficaria  /;  (bot.)  lesser  celandine, 
Ficaria  ranunculoides;  the  name  is 
from  the  little  tubercles  suggestive  of 
figs  which  occur  on  the  roots. 

Ficata  /  ;  throwing  a  fig. 
Ficato  ;  made  with  dried  figs. 

Ficattola  /  ;  a  kind  of  crinkled 
pancake  made  of  eggs  and  flour  which 


FICCANASO— FIERA 


243 


on  being  fried  curls  up  in  various  ways, 
oftener  termed  Stiacciatina.  Ridotto 
una  — ,  crushed  down  flat. 

Ficcanaso  m. ;  meddlesome  person, 
intruder. 

Ficc-are  (cogn.  old  Fr.  fichier,  >  Fr. 
ficher,  Grisons  dial,  fichiar,  fitgiar,< 
**figicare,  <  L.  figere);  I.  to  thrust, 
to  poke,  to  drive  in.  2.  —  carote,  Fic- 
carla,  or  Ficcarne,  to  deceive;  Tu  non 
glie  la  ficchi,  you  will  not  take  him  in. 
3.  Non  fa  ne  ficca,  it  is  of  no  effect; 
A  lui  i  danari  non  fanno  ne  ficcano,  he 
cannot  be  bribed.  4.  -arsi  in  capo,  in 
testa,  nella  mente,  to  be  obstinately 
determined.  5.  Non  sapeva  dove 
-arsi,  he  did  not  know  where  to  hide. 
6.  (»zrtr.)  =  Beccheggiare,  to  pitch. 

Ficcas6tto  w.;  =  Tuffetto,  dabchick. 

Ficcat6i-a/.,  -o  m. ;  quagmire. 

Ficc-at6re,  -at rice;  v.  -are. 

Ficchin-o  nt.,  ~*f-\  one  who  pokes  his  way  in. 
•Ficco  m. ;  i.  great  quantity,  ii.  Guardare  a—, 
to  gaze  fixedly,  iii.  Battere  di  — ,  to  fire  so  that  the 
shots  penetrate. 

Ficconacci-o  m.,  -a/.;  pegg.  of  Ficcon-e,  -a. 

Ficc6n-e  w.,  -a_X;  augnt.  spreg.  of  Ficchino. 

Ficedula/  (L.);=Beccafico,  warbler. 

Fiche-r6to  or  -to  m. ;  fig-orchard. 

Fichlno  m. ;  dim.  Fico. 

Fico  m.  (L.);  i.  fig-tree,  Fiats 
Carica.  2.  —  di  Adamo,  banana-tree, 
either  Afusa  paradisaica  or  Musa  sa- 
pientum.  3.  —  d'  Egitto,  Ficus  syco- 
morus.  4.  —  d'  India,  (a)  prickly  pear, 
Cactus  opuntia,  also  termed  Frittella, 
(b)  banyan-tree,  Ficus  Indica.  5.  - 
della  gomma  elastica,  rubber-tree,  Ficus 
elastica.  6.  —  delle  pagode,  banyan,  v. 
supra  (4,  d).  7.  —  degli  Ottentotti,  Hot- 
tentot fig,  Mesembryanthemum  edule. 
8.  Buttare  il  collare  su  un  — ,  or  At- 
taccare  il  collare  a  un  — ,  to  throw  up 
Holy  Orders.  9.  Andare  a  rincalzare 
un  — ,  i.e.  to  die.  10.  L'  apostolo 
del  — ,  Judas;  Devoto  all'  apostolo  del 
— ,  spy.  ii.  fig,  the  fruit.  12.  Quando 
il  —  serba  il  —  tu  villan  serba  il  panico, 
when  the  figs  remain  on  the  tree  the 
farmer  should  not  sell  his  corn  (because 
a  drought  is  to  be  expected).  13.  Uno 
ingrassera  a'  fichi,  a  mode  of  saying  he 
is  very  thin.  14.  Serbar  la  pancia 
a'  fichi,  i.e.  to  be  timid.  15.  pop.  for 
the  thyroid  cartilage  of  the  larynx, 
Adam's  apple.  16.  Far  — ,  to  fail; 
Non  valere  un  — ,  to  be  worth  nothing. 

17.  L'  ho  conosciuto  — ,  I  knew  him 
when  he  was  in  humble  circumstances. 

1 8.  —  lesso,  v.  Ficolesso.     19.  Far  le 
nozze  co'  fichi  secchi,  i.e.   to   make   a 
great  parade  out  of  very  scanty  means. 

20.  -  -    secco,    (a)    ill-done    piece    of 
mending,  (b)  wrinkled  scar,  esp.  those 
due    to    scrofulous    glands    in    youth. 

21.  lump  in  a  tanned  hide.     22.  caress 
to  a  little  child,  fussing  with  it.     Simi- 
larly: 23.  Fichi,  fuss  and  compliment- 
making  over  a  trifling  matter  ;  Quanti 
fichi!  what  a  fuss  he  is  making  about 
it !     24.  —  lievito,  person  without  any 
energy.     25.  Fichi  fiori,  figs  of  the  first 
harvest,    usually   bigger  than   autumn 
figs ;  Gli  verrebbe  voglia  de'  fichi  fiori, 


he  would  always  want  the  best  of  every- 
thing. 26.  D'  un  — ,  as  adj.,  worthless ; 
Ragioniere  d'  un  — ,  incapable  account- 
ant. 27.  Cercare  i  fichi  in  vetta,  or  in 
punta,  to  look  for  figs  at  the  end  of  the 
branch,  i.e.  to  take  unnecessary  trouble 
since  figs  may  come  at  the  base  of 
every  leaf.  28.  (tned.)  (a)  fig-shaped 
tumour  pendant  externally,  (^)  =  Por- 
rofico,  warty  tumour.  29.  —  d'  inferno, 
(a)  =  Girasole,  sunflower,  (£)=Ricino, 
castor-oil  plant.  30.  an  old  Tuscan 
coin  about  half  a  franc.  31.  —  medi- 
terraneo,  forked  hake  (fish),  Phycis 
Mediterraneus,  locally  termed  Sorzo, 
Figo,  Moustella  bruna,  Pastenula,  Mus- 
dea. 

Ficol6ss-o  m.,  -a  / ;  //'/.  boiled  fig, 
person  who  is  always  fidgeting  about 
his  health. 

Fic<5ne  m. ;  augm.  Fico,  fig. 

Ficose"cco  m.;  dried  fig,  v.  Fico 
(19,  20). 

Ficosf.no;  dim.  Ficoso,  petulant 
(child). 

Fic6so  (v.  Fico,  22,  23) ;  i.  mincing. 
2.  complaining. 

tFicu  m. ;  poor-fish,  v.  Gado  (2). 
*Ficulneo(L.);  of  fig-wood. 
tFicuray:;  i.  figure,     ii.  position. 

Fida  f. ;  land  rented  for  agistment 
of  stock,  'safe-conduct. 

Fidagi6ne/;  security. 

*Fidale;=Fedele,  trustworthy. 


Fidalgo  m. ;  (kist.)  hidalgo,  Spanish 
nobleman  of  the  lowest  rank. 

Fidanza  /. ;  confidence.  Fare  a 
—  con  uno,  to  act  in  reliance  upon 
his  discretion.  lo  stava  a  tua  — ,  I  was 
relying  upon  you. 

*  i.  =  Sicurta,  guarantee,    ii.  Ria  — ,  distrust. 

Fidanzare;  to  betroth.  *to  gua- 
rantee. 

Fid-are  ;  i.  to  entrust.  2.  —  in,  to 
trust  in.  3.  -arsi,  to  feel  confidence,  to 
trust  oneself.  4.  to  let  land  upon 
agistment.  *part.  -ato,  unadulterated. 

*Fidatay".;  oath  of  submission. 

Fidat^zza  /  ;  reliability. 

Fidecommdsso  or  Fedecommesso  m. 
(L.  fideicommissvm)\  L  testamentary 
disposition  constituting  a  trust  or  a 
limited  ownership.  2.  property  held  in 
trust  or  by  a  limited  owner.  3.  by 
extension,  any  obligation  which  passes 
from  father  to  son.  4.  scherz.  (d)  un- 
married woman  remaining  a  charge 
upon  her  family,  (*)=Calia,  Persona 
uggiosa,  unattractive  person,  (c)  any 
disused  article,  laid  aside. 

Fidecommissario  m. ;  tenant  for 
life,  trustee,  or  other  kind  of  limited 
owner. 

Fideiuss-i6ne /  (L.);  (leg.)  guaran- 
tee. -6re  m.  •  guarantor. 

Fidente  ;  confiding,  trusting. 

Fidenziano;  pedantic,  from  Fidenzio  Glotto- 
crisio,  the  nom  de  guerre  of  C.  Scrofa,  a  t6th 
century  writer,  who  published  verses  loaded  with 
Latinisms  in  ridicule  of  the  pedants  of  his  day. 


Fidia  m.\  Phidias,  the  sculptor.     Aff.  Fidiaco. 
FidibusMr.;  paper  spill. 

Fidiziey? //.  (Gr.  ^ecSi'rta);  the  common  meals 
at  Sparta. 

Fido  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Faith) ; 
trusty.  A  — ,  on  credit. 

Fidiicia  /  (L.) ;  i.  confidence. 
2.  notch  in  a  plumb-rule  which  receives 
the  plumb-line  when  the  feet  of  the 
instrument  are  truly  on  a  level. 

Fiduciale;  Linea  — ,  standard  line 
in  a  mathematical  instrument,  given 
line  on  which  to  form  a  geometrical 
figure. 

Fiduciari-o ;  fiduciary.  Istituzione 
-a,  testamentary  disposition  in  favour 
of  a  trustee,  differing  from  a  Fidecom- 
messo  in  that  the  trusteeship  of  an 
Erede  fiduciario  may  extend  to  the 
usufruct  as  well  as  to  the  reversionary 
ownership  of  the  property,  and  is  un- 
known to  the  law  and  therefore  not 
binding  in  law.  Vendita  -a,  sale  subject  • 
to  a  right  of  repurchase.  Titoli  fidu- 
ciari,  bank-notes. 

Fiduci6s-o ;  full  of  confidence.    Aff. 

-amdnte. 

•Fie  (P^f.pl.;  short  for  Fiate.    (B)=Sara,  will 


*  Fiedere  (variant  of  Ferire,  to  strike,  cp.  Chied- 
re,  <  L.  quaerere ;  there  is  an  alternative  form 
Feggere  paralleled  bv  a  variant  "Veggere  of  Ve- 
dere);  i.  to  strike,  ii.  La  nebbia  che  ti  fiede,  the 
mist  that  envelopes  thee,  D.  Purg.  28.  90.  iii.  Dal 
grado  in  giu  che  fiede  a  mezzo  il  tratto  le  due  dis- 
crezioni,  downwards  from  that  tier  which  cuts  across 
the  two  perpendicular  divisions  at  mid-distance,  D. 
Par.  32.  40.  iv.  of  the  swoop  of  an  eagle,  D.  Purg. 
9.  25.  v.  Un  sentier  ch'  ad  una  valle  fiede,  a  path 
which  leads,  lit.  strikes,  into  a  valley,  D.  Inf.  10.  135. 
vi.  —  torneamento,  to  joust. 

Fieldi  m.pl.\  the  inland  Scandinavian  plateaus. 

Fifcle  (Fele)  m.  (L.fel,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Gall,  the  term  is  from  the  colour) ; 

1.  bile.      2.    jaundice.      3.    fig.    gall, 
bitterness  ;  Buttar  fuori  il  — ,  to  pour 
out  one's  hatred.     4.  (bat.)  —  di  terra, 
centaury,  v.  Centaurea  (3). 

*Fien  (L.  fient);  =  Saranno,   they  will   be,   v. 
Essere. 

Fien-accio  pegg.,  -agidne  /  hay- 
harvest,  -aia f.  hay-barn, -aio adj.;  -v.  -o. 

Fienaiudla _/C;  meadow-grass,  v,  Fienarola. 

Fienaiublo  m. ;  hay-dealer. 

Fienar&layl;  (bat.)  i.  =  Gramigna,  couch-grass. 

2.  —    alpha,    Alpine    meadow-grass,   Poa    alfina. 
3-    —   celeste,   blue   moor-grass,  Sesleria   cocriilea. 
4.   —  de'  prati,  smooth-stalked  meadow-grass,  Pott 
pratensis. 

Fiengreco  m.;  ((W.)=Egocero,  fenugreek. 

Fienile  m. ;  hay-loft. 

Fieno  m.  (L.  fenus,  cp.  Fr.  foin ; 
v.  Felice) ;  hay.  Metier  a  — ,  to  lay 
(a  field)  up  for  hay.  Far  il  — ,  to  mow 
the  hay.  Animal  da  — ,  spreg.,  ig- 
norant person. 

Botanical  terms :  i.  —  greco,  v.  Fiengreco. 
2.  —  bianco,  Yorkshire  fog,  v.  Sagginella.  3.  — 
canino,  creeping  soft  grass,  Holcus  mollis.  4.  — 
marino,  seawrack,  Zostera  marina.  5.  —  niaril- 
timo,  sea-fennel,  Ruppia  maritima.  6.  —  de'monti, 
mat-grass,  Nardus  stricta.  7.  —  sano,  sainfoin,  7t. 
Lupinello. 

*  i.q.  Fien,  they  will  be. 

•  Fier  ;=  Ferisce,  v.  Ferire. 

Fi&ra/  (A)  (L.  fera,<ferus  ;  cogn. 
Gr.  drip,  Aeolic  <£ijp,  wild-beast) ;  wild 
beast. 

(B)  (bit.  feria,  holiday,  <  L.  feriae, 
31—2 


244 


FIERACCIA— FILACCICOSO 


v.    Feria  ;     cp.     Fr.    foire)  ;     l.     fair. 

2.  fairings,  present   bought   at   a  fair. 

3.  A  che  —  1'  hai  compro?   what  fair 
did  you  buy  it  at  ?  said  when  someone 
claims  what  is  ours  as  his.     4.  —  rotta, 
ruinous  business,  lit.  the  end  of  the  fair. 
5.  a  great  quantity  of  things  ;  Va'  Ik  in 
salotto  e  vedrai  che  gli  hanno  fatto  la 
—  de'  libri,  go  upstairs  and  you  will  see 
there  are  heaps  of  books  there. 

Fieraccia  / ;  pegg.  of  Fiera  (B). 
Fierai&lo  m. ;  frequenter  of  fairs. 
Fieramente ;  haughtily,  vehemently. 

Fierasfero  ago  ;;/. ;  gymnotus  (fish),  Fieras/cr 
acus,  locally  termed  Galiotto,  Aurin. 
*  Fierere  ;  v.  Ferire. 
Fieretta/:;  dim.  vezz.  Fiera  (B). 


;    I.    savagery.      2.    in- 
trepidity.    3.  (painty  vigour. 

Fieri ;  In  — ,  Latinism,  meaning  "  still  to  come." 
Segretario  in  — ,  talked  of  as  likely  to  be  secretary. 

Fierina  /. ;  dim.  Fiera  (B). 

Fierfno  m. ;  last  day  of  a  fair. 

Fi^ro  (L.  ferus,  v.  Fiera,  A) ;  I.  stern, 
savage.  2.  of  an  illness,  severe.  3.  hot- 
tempered,  spirited. 

*i.  crafty,     ii.  warm  (love). 

Fier6ne  m. ;  I.  augm.  Fiera  (B).  2.  principal 
day  of  a  fair. 

FierucciayC;  dim.  spreg.  Fiera  (B). 

Fieruccio ;  dint.  Fiero  (3),  said  of  a  child. 

Fierucola  f.\  dim.  spreg.  Fiera  (B).  * dim. 
Fiera  (A). 

*Fierucolone  f.  pi.',  rag  dolls  surmounted  by 
paper  lanterns,  better  known  as  Rificolone.  They 
used  to  be  carried  on  canes  through  Florence  by 
boys  on  the  eve  of  the  feast  of  the  Nativity  of  the 
Virgin,  Sept.  8.  The_  word  appears  by  its  form  to 
be  a  derivative  of  Fierucola  but  its  origin  is  not 
known. 

Fieschi;  Alia— ,  bald. 
*Fieto;  fetid.    As  sb.,  fetor. 

Fievol-e  (L.  Jlettlis);  feeble.  Aff.  -ezza, 
•mente. 

Fifa  f.  ;  =  Pavoncella,  plover. 

tFiga/;;=Lampuga,  flat  codfish. 

Figagnolo  m. ;  a  kind  of  warty  growth  in 
horses. 

tFigao  »*.;=Sciaena  aquila,  maigre  (fish). 

Ffggere  perf.  fissi,  part,  fitto  or  fisso  ; 
not  now  often  used  except  the. part,  fitto; 
the  part,  fisso  is  also  in  use  but  as  adj. 
or  adv.  rather  than  as  part. ;  i.  to  fix 
in,  drive  in  ;  S'  e  fitto  un  chiodo  in  una 
coscia,  he  has  run  a  nail  into  one  of  his 
thighs  ;  Quando  s'  e  fitto  in  capo  una 
cosa  non  c'  e  verso  di  smuoverlo,  when 
he  has  once  taken  a  notion  into  his 
head  there  is  no  getting  it  out  again  ; 
Un  drago  che  per  lo  carro  su  la  coda 
fisse,  a  dragon  which  drove  the  point  of 
its  tail  up  through  the  car,  D.  Purg.  32. 
132.  2.  to  poke  away,  put  out  of  sight; 
Dove  si  sara  fitto?  where  ever  can  it  be 
got  to?  LJove  hai  fitto  quel  libro,  che 
non  lo  trovo?  where  have  you  stuck  that 
book  so  that  I  can't  find  it  ? 

See  also  Fisso  and  Fitto  in  loco. 

*i.  to  fix,  determine.  Merlin,  che  'I  ver  sempre 
mi  predisse,  termine  al  tuo  venir  questo  di  fisse, 
Merlin,  ever  a  true  prophet  to  me,  determined  this 
day  as  that  of  thy  coming,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  3.  12 ; 
Tanto  1'  afflisse  questo  dolor  ch'  infermo  al  letto  il 
fisse,  this  grieved  him  so  sorely  that  it  caused  him 
to  fall  ill  and  kept  him  to  his  bed,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  21. 
57.  ii.  to  transfix.  L'  altro  che  di  stral  gli  fige  il 
petto  1'  ottavo  Enrigo  d'  Jnghilterra  e  detto,  the 
other  who  is  transfixing  its  breast  with  an  arrow  is 
known  as  Henry  the  Eighth  of  England,  Ar.  Ort 
Fur.  26.  35 ;  Non  dispetto  ma  doglia  la  vostra  con- 
dizion  dentro  mi  fisse,  the  sight  of  your  condition 
transfixed  my  breast  with  sorrow  not  contempt,  D. 


Inf.  16.  53.  iii.  to  plant,  e.ff.  a  spear  in  the  ground 
or  kisses  on  a  beloved  object,  iv.  —  il  chiodo  ad 
uno,  to  deceive  him.  v.  to  arrest  the  course  of. 

Etym.     L.  figere,  to  drive  in,   or  to   transfix, 
perh 
>G 

...  M.H.G.   D_     . 
sharp,   Gr.  Orfyto,  to  whet. 

S^~  I-'igere  had  two  parts.,  fictns  znAJixHS,  to 
which  the  two  Italian  parts,  of  Figgere  correspond. 

Figli-a  f. ;  daughter,  usu.  Figliola. 
-accio  m. ;  pegg.  spreg.  of  -o.  t-ano 
;«. ;  =  Figlioccio.  -are  ;  to  bring  forth 
young,  -astro  m.,  -astra  f. ;  step-son 
or  daughter. 

Figliat-a  /  ;  brood,  litter.  *-iera 
adj.;  great  with  young,  -vxs,  f.',  i.  i.g. 
-a.  2.  bringing  forth  young.  3.  season 
when  young  stock  are  generally  born. 

Figliazi6ne  f. ;  =  Filiazione. 

Figlie'tt-o  m.,  -a  f. ;  i.  dim.  Figli-o, 
-a.  2.  -e  del  re,  loaded  chains  placed 
on  prisoners  by  Louis  XI. 

Ffglio  m.  (L.,  root  dhe,  v.  Femmina)  ; 
son. 

Figli6cci-o  m.,  -a  /,  god-child. 

Figli61-a  /  ;  vezz.  Figlia.  -accio 
;«.,  -accia  /.;  l.  pegg.  ill-mannered 
child.  2.  antiphr.  Buon  -accio,  good- 
natured  chap.  *-aggio  m. ;  sonship. 
-ame  m.  ;  i.  spreg.  or  scherz.  brats. 
2.  (dot.)  shoots,  usu.  Rimessiticci.  -anza 
f. ;  progeny.  -6tto  or  -Ino  m.,  -6tta  or 
-fna  f. ;  dims.  vezz.  of  -o,  -a.  -0,  v. 
Figliuolo.  -6ne  m.,  -6na  f. ;  augm.  of 
-o,  -a.  -uccio  spreg.,  esp.  of  an  only 
child,  not  merely  in  regard  to  himself 
but  to  his  circumstances,  e.g.  the  only 
child  of  wealthy  parents. 

*Figliuolmo  ;  my  son. 

Figliu61-0  m.  ;  son.  —  di  famiglia, 
son  under  age.  Esser  fuori  di  — ,  to  be 
past  child-bearing.  Entrare  in  -i,  to 
reach  marriageable  age. 

*Figliuolto;  thy  son. 

*  Figmento  M.  :  i.  ~  Fingimento,  mode  of  forma- 
tion, ii.  =  Finzione,  fiction. 

*Fignolare  ;  =  Frignare,  to  whine. 

Flgnol-0  vi.  (Germ.  Finne,  pin,  from 
the  resemblance  to  a  pin's  head.  Finne 
is  <  L.  pinna,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pin) ;  boil 
on  the  skin.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -£tto  or 
-ino  dim.  vezz.,  -oso,  troubled  with  boils. 

*Figo  w.;=Fico,  fig.    t^.  Fico  (31). 

*Figol-aio  or  -eio  m.;  potter,  -ino  iidj.  -o 
=  Figulo. 

t Figora  /I;  =  Gado  minuto,  poor,  power-cod 
(fish),  v.  Gado  (2). 

Figulin-a/  ;  art  of  a  potter,   -o  adj. 

*Figulo?«.;  potter.     *  As  «<//.,  =  Figulino. 

Figura  /  (L.,  root  dheigh,  to  knead, 
cp.  Gothic  deigan,  to  knead,  Sanskr. 
din,  to  smear,  Gr.  rel^os,  plastered  wall, 
Germ.  Teig,  dough,  v.  infra,  Fingere, 
and  Skeat,  sub  Dough,  Figure);  i.  fig- 
ure. 2.  at  cards,  court  card.  3.  at  a 
dance,  partner.  4.  (nuts.)  note  or  union 
of  several  notes.  5.  Far  — ,  to  make 
an  appearance,  esp.  a  good  appearance. 
6.  Farla  di  —  ad  uno,  to  play  a  wicked 
trick  upon  him,  usu.  Fargliela  coi  fioc- 
chi.  7.  Per  — ,  for  mere  appearance. 

Figurabil-e,  -ita;  v.  Figurare. 
Figuracci-a  •/.,  -o  m. ;  pegg.  Figura. 


Figur-are  ind.  figiiro;  i.  to  re- 
present in  painting  or  sculpture  or  by 
other  symbol.  2.  to  pretend.  3.  to 
dress  well.  4.  -arsi,  to  imagine  ;  Gli 
fe  tutto  un  -arselo,  it  is  all  imagination ; 
Si  -i,  only  think  !  this  phrase  is  also 
used  for  a  polite  contradiction  :  Se 
guasto  me  ne  vado,  if  I  am  in  the  way 
I  will  go,  Si  -i  !  not  at  all,  we  are  de- 
lighted to  have  you.  5.  -ante  (thealr.), 
=  Comparsa,  dancer.  Part,  -ato  ; 
6.  Pietre  -ate,  sculptured,  esp.  of  geo- 
logical specimens  showing  marks  of 
ancient  plants.  7.  Canto  -ato,  figured, 
as  opposed  to  Canto  fermo,  Gregorian 
chant.  8.  Danza  -ata,  square  dance. 
9.  Materie  -ate,  (med.)  when  the  forms 
of  the  food  swallowed  are  visible  in  the 
faeces. 

Figuratame'nte ;  figuratively. 

Figurativamente  ;  allegorically. 

Figuratiy-o  ;  as  E.  Arti  -e,  arts  of 
design.  Scrittura,  or  Caratteri  -i,  when 
the  sign  represents  a  thing,  not  a  word. 

Figur-at6re  ;«.,  -atrice  /;  vbsbs.  of 
-are. 

Figur-e'tta  / ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 
Figurett-ina  / ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 

FigUT-^ttO  m.  ;  dim.  spreg.  of  -o, 
insignificant  little  cad. 

Figurina/;  i.  statuette.  2.  illus- 
tration in  a  book.  3.  nice  looking  girl. 

Figurinaio  m. ;  peddler  of  statuettes. 

Figur-ino  m.  ;  i.  fashion-book. 
2.  neatly  dressed  person.  3.  dim.  of 
-o,  cad. 

Figurista  ;«. ;  figure  painter. 

Figiiro  m. ;  strongly  spreg.  (<  Figura, 
like  Coso<Cosa),  cad. 

Figurdna/;  statue  or  painting,  more 
than  life-size. 

Figurdne  m. ;  (paint.)  augm.  spreg. 
of  Figura. 

Figurucciay:;>*£y.  Figura. 

*  Fii  (A)  pi.  of  Fio  or  Fi.    (B)=  Sarai,  v.  Essere. 

*  Fil ;  short  for  Figlio  or  Filo. 

Fila/  (blt.//«,  ribbon, <L.  fila,  pi., 
threads);  I.  number  of  things  or  persons 
together,  whether  a  row  or  a  file  ;  Capo 
di  — ,  or  Capo  — ,  leading  file ;  Fare  la 
— ,  to  form  a  queue,  usu.  Far  la  coda  ; 
Foco  di  — ,  (mil.)  file  firing;  --  di 
mezzo,  at  Italian  billiards,  the  three 
Birilli  which  are  in  a  line  parallel  to 
the  long  side  of  the  table  ;  Alia  — , 
consecutively.  2.  at  Florence,  La  Fila, 
shop  where  meat  is  sold  ready  cooked. 

Filabile ;  adj.  of  Filare. 

Filacce  or  Filaccia  ///.;  =  Fila,  v. 
Filo  (26). 

Filacciche  /  pi.  ;  =  Sfilacciche, 
shreddings. 

*Filaccico  m. ;  i.  filament,  ii.  shredded-out 
cloth,  iii.  f.  pi.  Filaccica  =  Fila,  v.  Filo.  iv.  f.  pi. 
Filacciche,  =  Faloppe,  imperfect  silk  cocoons. 

Filaccic6so  ;  i .  of  cloth,  ragged  at 
the  edge.  2.  of  spoilt  wine,  with  threads 
of  slime  in  it.  3.  of  meat  =  Tiglioso, 
stringy. 


FILACCIO— FILO 


245 


Filaccio  m.;  (mar.)  rope  yarn. 
Filacci6ne  m.;  night  line,  for  fishing. 

*  Filagna  f. ;  line  of  beams  placed  end  to  end. 

Filagrana,  Filigrana,  Filograna/; 
i.  filigree  work,  work  executed  with 
gold  or  silver  thread  twisted  into 
convoluted  forms,  united  and  partly 
consolidated  by  soldering,  so  called 
from  the  old  practice  of  threading 
Grani,  beads,  into  it,  or  because  it 
presents  a  sort  of  graining,  Grana,  in 
its  texture.  2.  —  di  mare,  a  species 
of  marine  annelid,  Serpula.  3.  (hot.) 
Clypeola  marina,  a  species  of  plant 
resembling  Alyssum  ;  it  is  also  termed 
Scudicciolo  marino. 

t  Filaio  in. ;  —  Filare,  row. 
Filaldro  m. ;  gold  wire-drawer. 
Filament-o,  -6so;  as  E. 

Filanda  / ;  silk-factory. 
Filandaia  / ;  silk-spinner. 

Filandifere  m. ;  owner  or  manager 
of  a  silk-factory. 

t  Filandcra  /. ;  =  Filatrice,  spinner. 

Filandra  /.  ;  i.  thread-worm  occurring  in 
hawks.  2.  seaweed  attached  to  a  ship's  bottom. 
t=  Filanda. 

Filantrop-ia,  -icamente,    -ico,   -o;  philan- 


thropy, etc. 

Filaratayl;  Ion; 


ig  row. 


Fil-are  (A)  (m\\..,<L.filum,  thread); 
I.  to  spin.  2.  of  a  cat,  to  purr,  v.  Fuso 
(14).  3.  to  draw  out  (metals)  into  fine 
wire.  4.  to  flow  in  a  thin  stream  ;  La 
ferita  ricomincio  a  -  -  sangue,  the 
wound  began  again  to  bleed  freely. 
5.  of  wine  or  other  liquid,  to  become 
ropy.  6.  of  a  lamp,  to  smoke.  7.  = 
Scappare,  to  run  away  quickly,  to  hie. 
8.  (mil.)  =  Sfilare,  to  file  .by.  9.  — 
sottile,  to  be  penurious,  —  grosso,  not 
to  be  very  particular  about  expense, 
jo.  Far  — ,  to  teach  a  person  respect, 
put  him  in  his  place,  n.  Prov.  Pren- 
dere  a  —  per  dare  a  — ,  lit.  to  take  in 
spinning  for  the  purpose  of  giving  it 
out,  i.e.  to  neglect  one's  own  affairs  for 
other  people's.  12.  Non  e  piu  tempo 
che  Berta  -ava,  i.e.  the  good  old  days 
are  gone.  13.  Discorso  bene  -ato,  dis- 
course well  put  together.  14.  (mar.) 
(a)  of  a  ship,  to  run  ;  —  dieci  nodi 
per  ora,  to  run  ten  knots  an  hour  ; 
(6)  to  ease  off,  away,  to  lower  ;  —  le 
scotte,  to  ease  the  sheets  ;  (c)  --  in 
bando,  to  lower  by  the  run,  to  let  a 
rope  run  out  unchecked,  as  distinct 
from  (d)  —  a  collo,  a  ritorno,  or  per 
sequaro,  to  pay  out  by  degrees,  keeping 
the  run  of  the  rope  under  control,  with 
a  turn  on  a  cleat  or  bitt-head  ;  (e)  — , 
=  Dar  calumo,  to  take  a  longer  scope, 
have  a  greater  length  of  cable  between 
a  ship  at  anchor  and  the  anchor ;  (f)  — 
i  remi,  to  trail  the  oars,  letting  the 
handles  go.  15.  in  singing,  =  Far  la 
messa  di  voce,  to  send  out  the  voice. 

*i.  —  vischio,  lit.  to  draw  birdlime  into  filaments 
i.e.  do  what  is  very  easy.  ii.  =  Assottigliare,  to  cut 
very  thin.  iii.  to  fall  by  degrees  into  ruin.  iv.  = 
btare  in  sospettp  e  timore,  to  be  afraid,  v.  —  del 
signore,  =  Fare  il  grande. 

Filare  (B)  m.  (It.  fila,  with  collec- 
tive suffix,  L.  -arium);  \.  row  of  trees, 


posts,  houses  or  other  inanimate  objects. 
2.  vein  of  minerals.  3.  pop.  for  Riga, 
line  of  writing.  4.  file  of  squares  on  a 
chessboard.  5.  Non  la  guardare  in  un 
—  d'  embrici,  not  to  examine  the  thing 
closely.  6.  —  di  boccaporto,  (mar.) 
hatchway  coaming. 

Filar-etto,  -ino;  dims,  of  Filare  (B). 
Filarm6nico;  philharmonic. 

Filastr6cc-a  /  (It.  fila,  with  pegg. 
suffix  of  unknown  origin)  ;  long  string, 
e.g.  of  lies,  rigmarole,  balderdash.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg.,  -ola  vezz. 

Filata  /  ;  =  Sfilata,  file,  long  row. 

Filatam^nte ;  consecutively,  in  good 
sequence. 

*  Filatera  f.  (It.  fila,  with  a  suffix  for  which  v. 
Tiritera) ;  =  Filastrocca. 

•Filateria/;  v.  Filatterio. 

*  Filatessa  f.  (var.  of  Filatera)  ;  =  Filastrocca. 

*  Filatessera  f. ;  centipede. 

Filaticcio  m. ;  coarse  silk  from  co- 
coons where  the  silkworm  has  hatched 
out. 

Filatfni  m.  pi. ;  paste  for  soup,  the 
same  as  Tagliatini. 

Filato  ;  clear,  v.  Filare  (A,  13).  As 
sb. :  i.  spun  yarn.  2.  fig.  scherz.  Ri- 
portare  il  — ,  to  go  to  confession. 

"Filatoiaio  m.  ;=Valicaio,  spinner. 

Filatdio  m.  ;  i.  spinning-wheel. 
2.  spinning-machine.  3.  machine  for 
making  candle-wicks.  4.  spinning-mill, 
or  spinning-room  in  a  mill  ;  *Girava  il 
— ,  the  imagination  was  busily  at  work. 

Fil-at6re,  -at6ra,  -atrice;  vbsbs.  of -are. 
'Filattera/;  i.  =  Filatera.     ii.  =  Filatterio. 
*Filatteri-o  tn.,  -A  f.  (Filattera,  Filateria,  Fi- 
lattiera)  (Gr.) ;  i.  phylactery,     ii.   talisman,     iii.  de- 
ception,    iv.   Dilatare  le  filatterie,  =  Alzare  i  tacchi, 
to  assume  airs  of  importance. 

Filatura/;  vbsb.  of  Filare. 
*Filautia/(Gr.);  self-love. 

Fileggiare  ind.  fileggio ;  (war.)  i.q.  Sfileggiare, 
to  shiver. 

Filell-eno  or  -enico  (Gr.);  philhellene. 
Filello  m. ;  (anal.)  string  of  the  tongue. 

Filett-are  ind.  fildtto;  i.  to  place 
upon  any  surface  stripes  of  a  colour  or 
material  different  from  the  rest.  2.  to 
worm  or  cut  (a  screw). 

Aft.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 
Filettino /«.;  dim.  Filetto. 

Filevtt-o /«. ;  i.  filament.  2.  line  to 
keep  taut  the  net  of  a  bird-trap,  v. 
Paretaio.  3.  bit  to  which  the  bearing- 
rein  is  fastened.  4.  Tenere  or  Rimet- 
tere  uno  in  — ,  to  keep  or  put  him  on  a 
strict  diet.  5.  —  masticatorio,  bit  for 
a  horse  to  champ  so  as  to  keep  his 
mouth  wet  and  cool.  6.  bezel  for  setting 
a  gem,  or  watch-glass.  7.  fillet,  narrow 
band  used  as  a  trimming  or,  in  archi- 
tecture, forming  part  of  a  moulding. 
8.  -i  delle  lettere,  the  preliminary  little 
strokes  made  in  writing  a  letter  be- 
ginning with  a  long  stroke.  9.  fillet 
of  meat,  a  part  of  the  muscles  of  the 
thigh,  or  the  undercut  of  a  sirloin. 
10.  the  spinal  marrow  of  an  ox.  n.  a 
game  played  on  a  board  marked  with 
three  concentric  squares,  in  which  the 
object  is  to  get  three  men  in  a  row, 
Filetto.  12.  =  Scilinguagnolo,  tongue- 
string.  1 3.  worm  of  a  screw.  14.  (mar.) 
sheer-rail  of  a  boat. 


Filiale  ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Banca,  Casa 
— ,  branch  bank  or  office. 

Fili-almente,  -azi6ne;  v.  -ale(i). 
Filibustiere  in.  (<  Span.  JiUbitstero,  a  corr. 
of  Dutch  vrijbuiter,  freebooter,  <  vrij,  free,  buit, 
booty);   as  E. 

*Filiccio  ;«.;=Liccio. 
•Filice/;  v.  Felce, 

Fili^ra/;  i.  wire-drawing  machine. 
2.  wire-making  works.  3.  leather  strap 
cutter.  4.  —  di  denti,  set  of  teeth. 

*i.  Per — ,  («)  in  single  file,  (b)  in  a  row.  ii.  Pas- 
sare  per — ,  to  use  every  exertion,  iii.  (Tirato)  per 
— ,  very  exactly. 

Fiiierino  nt. ;  a  tool  used  by  gold  beaters,  v. 
Filiera  (i). 

Fill  forme;  thread-like. 

Filfggin-e  or  pop.  Fuliggine  /  (L. 
fuligo,  cogn.  Sanskr.  dhulis,  dust, 
dhulika,  mist,  root  dheua,  to  smoke, 
v.  Fumo) ;  soot.  Aff.  -6so. 

Filigrana  ;  v.  Filagrana. 

Filigranat-o  ;  with  an  appearance 
of  filigree  work.  Carta  -a,  water-marked 
paper. 

*  Filindente ;  v.  Filondente. 

t  Filinguello  m.  ;  =  FringueIlo,  finch. 

Filino  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Filo.  2.  fig.  =  Tantino, 
the  least  bit. 

Filipendula  f. ;  (&>/.)  common  dropwort, 
Spiraea  filipendula,  so  called  from  the  knobs  which 
appear  to  hang  from  its  thread-like  roots;  it  is  also 
known  as  Trina  di  Fiandra. 

Filippense;  Philippian. 

Filippica  /.',  philippic;  the  term  is  from  the 
speeches  of  Demosthenes  against  Philip  of  Mace- 
donia. 

Filippfney?  pi. ;  the  Philippine  islands. 

Filippino;  relating,  i.  to  St  Philip  Neri,  2.  to 
Philip  the  Fair,  3.  to  Philip  V  of  Spain. 

Filippismo  »i.\  partisanship  with  Philip. 

Filippisti  m.  pl.\  followers  of  Philip  Melan- 
chthon  or  of  Louis  Philippe. 

Filippo  ;«. ;  i.  Philip,     2.  a  silver  coin. 

Filisteo;  Philistine,  esp.  in  tbe  slang  sense  of 
the  German  universities,  viz.  outsider. 

Fillirea  f.  (Gr.  ^>uA\apioi',  dim.  of  ^i/AAoi', 
leaf);  (bot.)  mock  willow,  Phillyna,  also  termed 
Lillatro. 

Fillitide  y.;  (but.)  =  Lingua  cervina,  hart's- 
tongue  fern,  Scobpendrium. 

FiUossera ;  v.  Filossera. 

Fil-o  m.,  pi.  -i  m.,  or  -a  /  (L.) ; 
i.  twine,  thread.  2.  wire;  Lavoro  di 
— ,  a  kind  of  inlaying  consisting  of 
soldering  little  bits  of  gold  or  silver 
wire  together  with  gold  dust  on  a  plate 
of  the  same  metal.  3.  —  di  perle,  string 
of  pearls.  4.  —  d'  erba,  blade  of  grass ; 
Vendere  sul  — ,  to  sell  a  crop  of  grass 
before  it  is  cut.  5.  fig.  scrap,  atom  ; 
Quella  piazza  che  non  c'  e  un  - 
d'  ombra,  that  square  without  a  particle 
of  shade.  6.  thread  of  an  argument  or 
of  a  story.  7.  Di  — ,  or ,  con- 
secutively ;  Si  beve  cinque  bottiglie  — 
— ,  we  drink  five  bottles  running.  8.  edge 
(of  a  knife) ;  Passare  a  fil  di  spada,  to 
put  to  the  edge  of  the  sword.  9.  — 
morto,  (a)  wire  edge,  when  the  edge 
of  a  blade  turns  over  in  sharpening; 
(b)  pimples  on  the  chin  from  shaving 
with  a  razor  so  blunted.  10.  —  vivo, 
a  good  edge.  u.  —  falso,  (a)  non- 
cutting  part  of  a  blade  ;  (b)  the  last 
part  of  the  back  of  a  blade  when  this 
is  made  sharp.  12.  Essere  a  — ,  or  in 
— ,  to  have  a  sharp  appetite.  13.  —  di 
pane,  long-shaped  loaf,  or  three  little 
loaves  joined  together.  14.  —  dell'  ac- 
qua,  the  part  of  a  stream  where  the 
current  is  strongest ;  —  di  marea,  tide 


246 


FILODOSSO— FINIMONDO 


rip.  15.  Fil  delle  reni,  back-bone. 
16.  Pigliare  il  — ,  to  find  the  means 
for  accomplishing  something.  17.  -i, 
the  strings  for  making  puppets  dance. 

18.  Star  ritto  coi  -i,  to  keep  upright,  or 
fig.  to  pay  one's  way,  with  difficulty. 

19.  A  — ,  or  Al  — ,  in  a  straight  line. 

20.  Per  —   e  per   segno,   exactly,  ac- 
curately.     21.    And  are    per    --    e    per 
segno,    to    go    straight,     to    proceed 
directly.      22.    Fil    — ,    (a)   in    a    con- 
tinuous stream,  (b)  minutely,  rigorously. 
23.    Battere  il  — ,  to  mark  a  wall  by 
raising  slightly  and  letting  fly  a  stretched 
string  dusted  over  with  red  chalk,  v. 
Sinopia.     24.  —  naturale  d'  un  legno, 
the  lie  of  the  grain  along  which  the 
wood  will  most  easily  be  cut.    25.  Avere 
il  —  rosso,  to  be  a  privileged  person. 
26.  -a  f.  pi.,  shredded  lint  for  dressing 
wounds,  charpie.     27.  Far  le  fila,  of  a 
liquid,  to  be  viscous,  ropy.     28.   —  di 
ordito,  warp.     29.   —  di  trama,  woof- 
yarn.     30.  —  di  un  paranco,  (mar.)  fall 
of  a  tackle.     31.   —  d'  una  randa  di 
caduta  poppiera,  after  leech  of  a  spanker ; 

—  di  caduta  poppiera  d'  una  vela  di 
straglio,  after  leech  of  a  staysail.  32. 
Avere  il  vento  in  fil  di  ruota,  to  have 
the  wind  aft,  fig.  to  have  good  fortune. 
33.  Le  vele  sono  in  — ,  the  sails  are 
flapping.  34.  (hot.)  Fil  di  spada,  gladi- 
olus, v.  Pancacciola. 

*i.  Far  le  -a,  —  Venir  V  acquolina  in  bocca,  to 
have  one's  mouth  watering,  ii.  Fieno  di  — ,  hay  of 
soft  fine  grass,  iii.  Metter  un  poco  di — ,  to  inspire 
with  a  little  fear.  iv.  Metter  uno  sui  -i,  to  put  him 
in  the  road.  v.  Trarre  il  —  della  camicia  a  uno, 
=  Levargli  la  camicia.  vi.  Essere  a  — ,  to  be  ready. 
vii.  Metter  a  —  uno  d'  una  cosa,  to  inspire  him  with 
a  wish  for  it.  viii.  A  diritto  — ,  or  Fil  — ,  =  Per  —  e 
per  segno,  precisely,  ix.  —  per  — ,  point  by  point, 
one  thing  after  another. 

*  Filodosso  (Gr.)  ;  lover  of  glory. 

Fiiodrammatico  (Gr.);  philodramatic. 

Filograna;  -u.  Filagrana. 

Filoffno  m. ;  i.  dim.  Filo,  fine  thread.  2.  minute 
quantity. 

Fiiolog-ia /. ;  philology.    Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

Fildlogo, //.  Filologi,  m.\  philologist. 
*Filomate  m.  (Gr.);    lover  of  learning,  a  name 
assumed  by  a  Siennese  Academy  founded  in  1567. 

Filomela  or  Filomena  f.  (Gr.  <j>iAo^\r|); 
poet,  for  Rusignolo,  nightingale. 

Filoncino ;«.;  i.  dim.  Filone,  mineral 
vein.  2.  small  long-shaped  loaf  of  bread, 
French  roll. 

Filonctente,  Filundfente  (Filindente) 
m.  (a  compound  formed  from  Filo  'n 
dente,  i.e.  one  thread  for  each  tooth  of 
the  comb,  in  making  the  stuff) ;  a  variety 
of  canvas  for  embroidery  coarser  than 
Canovaccio. 

Filone  in.  (augm.  Filo) ;  i.  coarse 
thread.  2.  line  by  which  the  Civetta, 
decoy-owl,  is  tied.  3.  vein  of  mineral. 
4.  the  part  of  a  stream  where  the  current 
runs  strongest.  5.  at  Italian  billiards 
the  middle  file  of  the  Birilli.  6.  long- 
shaped  loaf  of  bread.  7.  i.q.  Dirizzone, 
obstinate  determination.  8.  —  di  marea, 
race  of  the  tide. 

*  Pilonio  tn. ;  an  old  opiate  named  after  its 
inventor,  Philo,  a  Greek  physician. 

Fil6so  ;  stringy. 

Fil6sof-ayl;  v.  -essa.  -accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o. 
-aglia  y. ;  spreg.,  lot  of  useless  philosophers,  -ale  ; 
Pietra  -ale,  philosopher's  stone,  -are ;  to  philoso- 
phise, -astro  m, ;  spreg.  of  -o.  -eggiare  ind. 


filosofeggio;  to  be  fond  of  philosophy,  -ema  m.  ; 
philosophical  formula,  -escamente  adv.,  -esco 
spreg.,  philosopher-like,  -essa  or  -a  f.  ',  spreg., 
she-philosopher.  -etto  m.  ;  dint.  vezz.  or  dim. 
spreg.  of  -o. 

Filosof-ia./;  i.  as  E.  2.  small  pica  type,  v. 
Carattere  (3).  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico  as  E.,  -ismo 
-ista  (both  spreg!),  -o  as  E.,  -one  augm.,  -uccio  or 
-uzzo  dim.  spreg.,  -ume  spreg.,  rotten  philosophy. 

*  Filosomia  f.',~  Fisonomia,  physiognomy. 
Fil6sserayC  (Gr.  ^tiXAor-,  leaf,  f»|p6s,  dry,  the 

insect  having  at  first  been  considered  related  to 
another  one  discovered  in  America  in  1854,  the 
Pemphigus  vitifolia,  which  only  appears  on  the 
leaves)  ;  Phylloxera  vastatrix,  an  insect  whose 
grub  attacks  the  roots  of  vines. 

Filoteayl;  a  devotional  book  by  S.  Francois 
de  Sales. 

Filotficnico  or  Filotennico  ;  philotechnic. 

*  Filotimo  ;  seeker  after  honours. 

Fildtto  m.  ;  string  of  coral  weighing  about  i  Ib. 
tat  billiards  =  Filone  (5).  Fare  il  —  ,  to  knock  down 
the  central  Birilli. 

Filtr-are,  -azione  ;  v.  Filtro  (A). 

Filtro  m.  (A)  (var.  of  Feltro)  ;  filter, 
orig.  one  made  of  cloth. 

(B)  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  <£iXe'<a,  to  love)  ; 
philtre,  love-potion. 

Filuca  ;  v.  Feluca. 

*  Filucchio  m.  ;~  Vilucchio,  convolvulus. 
Filluccio,  Filluzzo  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Filo. 

+  Filucola_X;  small  whirlwind. 

Filugello  m.  ;  silkworm.   *crude  silk. 

Etym.  Either<blt.y?r<w#«7«  orjilladisseriuin, 
or  from  a  fusion  of  both  ;  these  forms  are  corruptions 
of  **  JHucellum,  dim.  of  L.  filttm  and  of  filum  {de} 
sericitm,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  was  "silk  fibre." 

Filundente;  v.  Filondente. 

Filunguello,  Filinguello  ;  r-.  Fringuello,  finch. 


m.  (mlt.  folexellus  or 
follisellus,  both  meaning  "  cocoon,"  <  L. 
folliculus)  ;  tissue  made  from  floss  silk. 

•Filustron-e  m.,  -a/t;  =  Spilungon-e,  -a,  lanky 
person. 

Filuzzo;  v.  Filuccio. 

Filza  f.  i**filitia,  a  back  formation, 
<  **filitiare,  <  L.  filum,  cp.  Infilzare)  ; 
i.  string,  number  of  articles  strung  to- 
gether, file  of  papers,  etc.  2.  festoon 
for  public  decorations.  3.  =  Imbastita- 
tura,  a  run  seam  ;  Punto  a  —  ,  running 
stitch. 

Filz-etta  f.;  dim.  vezz,  of  -a.  t  =  Muggine 
musino,  mullet. 

Filz-ettina  sub-dim.,  -olina  dim.,  of  -a. 
*Fima^;  (jw?^.)=Tumore,  Escrescenza. 

Fimbriay;  (L.);  fringe. 

*Fim-e,  -o  m.  (L.fimus,  v.  Fetere);  manure. 
Fimosi  f.  (Gr.  ,  <  ^it/ios,  muzzle,  for  an   older 
ta,  to  pinch);  (med.)  phimosis. 


**  <r<#HYft6s,  cp.  <r$iyyta,  to  pinch); 
Fin  ;  contr.  of  Fino,  until. 
Final-e,  -ita,  -m£nte;  as  E. 
Finamente;  delicately,  v.  Fino. 

Finanche  or  Finance  ;  intens.  of 
Anche,  even. 

Finanza  /  ;  i.  finance,  manage- 
ment of  revenue.  2.  Guardie  di  —  , 
frontier  guards,  customs  officers  on  the 
frontiers.  *  =  Fine,  end. 

Etym.  mlt.  Jinaritia,  loan,  strictly  the  act  of 
payment  to  the  borrower  which  constituted  the  loan  ; 
<  mlt.  finare,  <_finis,  which  in  L.  meant  "end"  but 
in  mlt.  was  used  for  the  concluding  act  in  the  transfer 
of  property,  the  delivery  by  act  and  deed,  but  as 
the  payment  of  the  price  was  naturally  an  essential 
incident  Jinare  took  the  sense  of  "to  pay,"  whence 
also  E.  (pecuniary)  fine. 

Finanziari-o  ;  financial.     Aff.  -atnente. 

Finanziere  m.  ;  i.  financier.  2.  in  pl.,= 
Guardie  di  finanza,  v.  Finanza  (2). 

*Finare;  i.  =  Finire.  ii.^Cessare.  iii.  =  Morire. 
iv.  =  Mancare,  Venir  meno,  to  faint,  v.  Far  —  ,= 
Far  quietanza. 

Finattan  toche  ;  =  Fino  a  tanto  che,  until. 

Finca  /;=Rubrica,  Colonna. 

Finchfe;  —  Fino  che,  until. 
tFinco  fn.;=  Fringuello,  finch. 

Fine  or  Fin  (A)  m.  arid  /  (L.  finis, 


prob.  for  **figsnis  <  the  root  of  figere, 
v.  Figgere,  so  that  the  root-meaning 
would  be  "point") ;  I.  end,  termination  ; 
La  — ,  or  II  —  corona  1'  opera,  a  trans- 
lation of  the  L.  prov.  Finis  coronat 
opus,  success  or  failure  is  only  known 
at  the  end.  2.  Fine !  time  is  up  ; 
Annunziate  la  — ,  or  Date  il  — ,  say 
that  time  is  up.  3.  II  —  della  vita, 
the  end  of  life  ;  Essere  in  —  di  vita, 
or  in  —  di  morte,  or  simply  in  — ,  at 
the  point  of  death.  4.  end,  purpose, 
in  this  sense  always  m.  ;  A  —  di  bene, 
with  a  good  intention  ;  Secondo  — , 
ulterior  purpose. 

*i.    in  pi.,  m.  or  f.,  i   fini  or  !e   fini  —  Confini, 
boundaries,     ii.    A  terra  fine,  in  perpetual  exile. 

(B)  adj. ;  v.  Fino. 
•Finente  ;=Finche  non. 
tFinentro  a;=Fin  a  quando,  until. 

Finestra  /  (L.  fenestra,  root  bha, 
to  shine,  cp.  Gr.  (f>aiv&>,  for  which  f. 
Skeat,  sub  Phantom)  ;  i.  window. 

2.  Donna  da  — ,  woman  of  evil  life  ; 
Mettersi   alia  — ,   to   have   no   shame. 

3.  Fare  una  —  sul  tetto  a  uno,  to  make 
a  window  in  his  roof,  i.e.  to  get  over 
him  ;  II  prefetto  nego  ma  ricorsero  al 
ministro  e  cosi  gli  fecero  una  —  sul 
tetto,    the    prefect    refused    but    they 
applied  to  the  minister  and  so  got  it 
over  his  head. 

Finestracciay^;  pegg.  Finestra. 
fFinestraio  w.;  =  Vetraio,  glazier. 

Finestrata  /  ;  I.  slamming  the 
window  down  as  a  token  of  dislike  to 
someone  passing.  2.  gleam  of  sun- 
shine in  a  cloudy  sky. 

Finestrato  m. ;  set  of  windows. 
*adj.,  provided  with  windows. 

Finestr-611a  or  -6tta  dim.  vezz., 
-fna  dim.,  of  -a. 

Finestrino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Finestra, 
smaller  than  Finestrina.  2.  at  Florence, 
the  little  round  opening  in  the  wall  of 
certain  palaces  for  selling  wine  by  the 
bottle.  3.  scherz.  gap  in  the  teeth,  esp. 
in  a  child's  teeth  when  a  milk  tooth 
drops  out. 

Finestr-6na  or  -6ne  augm.,  -uccia  dim. 
spreg.,  -ucola  more  spreg.  than  -uccia;  y.  -a. 

Fin^tto  m. ;  thin  soft  flannel. 

Fin^zza/;  i.  fineness.  2.  act  of 
politeness.  3.  subtlety  of  expression, 
finesse. 

'Finfero;  v.  Fanfaro. 

Fingere  ind.  fingo  fingi...fingiamo... 
fingono,  perf.  finsi,  part,  finto  (L.,  root 
dheigh,  to  make,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Figure) ; 
to  pretend,  to  feign. 

Finimdnto  m. ;  i.  -vbsb.  of  Finire. 
2.  finish,  ornament  crowning  or  com- 
pleting a  work.  3.  set  of  things  be- 
longing together,  e.g.  —  d'  oro,  gold 
watch  and  chain ;  —  di  mobili,  set  of 
furniture;  —  da  letto,  bed-furniture, 
set  of  sheets,  coverlets,  etc.  4.  in  //., 
harness  for  a  carriage  horse. 

Finimdndo  m. ;  end  of  the  world, 
usu.  quasi-fig.  as  in  E.  Tanti  tuoni 
che  non  pareva  se  non  ch'  e'  fosse 
venuto  il  — ,  such  thunder  that  it 


FINING— FIORE 


247 


seemed  as  if  the  end  of  the  world  was 
come. 

Finino;  dint.  vezz.  Fino. 

Fin-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  v.  Fine,  A) ; 
to  finish.  (Uomo)  -ito,  done  for.  Per 
me  e  -ita,  I  am  done  for.  -iamola 
coi  complimenti,  let  us  have  no  more 
compliments. 

*Finit4y^;  finiteness,  opposite  of  infinity. 

Finitame'nte  ;  to  a  high  degree  of 
finish. 

Finite"zza  /. ;  high  finish. 

tFiniticayl;  =  Finimento,  Finitura. 

Finftimo  (L.);  =  Confinante,  border- 
ing. 

Finitura  /;=Rifinitura,  finishing 
touches. 

Finnico ;  Finnish. 

Fin-o  or  in  some  senses  Fin-e  adj. ; 
I.  fine,  thin;  Capelli  -i  come  la  seta, 
hair  fine  as  silk;  Taglio  -e,  sharp  edge; 
Pietre  -i,  sharp  stones.  2.  Oro  -o,  pure 
gold.  3.  fig.  Orecchio  -e,  delicate  ear ; 
Intelletto  -e,  subtle  intellect ;  Donnetta 
-e,  clever  little  woman  ;  Donnetta  -a, 
little  thin  woman.  4.  Seta  -e,  silk  of  good 
quality;  Carta  -a,  thin  paper;  Carta  -e, 
fine  paper ;  Lavorare  di  -e,  to  do  fine 
work.  5.  (Aria)  -a,  fine,  free  from  dust. 
*(Amore)  -o,  true. 

Etym.  blt.^««.r,  <  \,.finitus,  well  rounded  or 
ended  (sentence),  hence  by  extension,  refined,  then 
keen,  sly,  cp.  Fr.  fin.  The  word  while  stiil  Latin 
had  the  accent  displaced  from  finftus  to  ftnitits  and 
was  then  shortened  to  finus  (Brachet,  Fr.  etym. 
diet.). 

Fino  or  Fin  adv. ;  i.  —  a,  until,  as 
far  as,  up  to,  down  to.  2.  Fin  da, 
beginning  at;  Fin  da'  primi  mesi  il 
ragazzo  comincia  a  educarsi,  a  boy's 
education  begins  in  the  first  months  of 
his  life ;  Sono  venuto  fin  da  Firenze, 
I  have  come  all  the  way  from  Florence. 
3.  Fin  a  che,  Finche,  Finche,  Fin  a 
tanto  che,  Finattantoche,  as  long  as; 
Finche  manchi  uno,  as  long  as  there  is 
a  single  one  not  there.  4.  Fino  a  ora, 
or  Finora,  hitherto.  5.  Fin  d'  ora, 
henceforward.  6.  Fin  allora,  until  then. 
7.  =Anche,  even;  I  Parigini  del  '70 
mangiavano  fino  i  topi,  1'  erba,  the 
people  of  Paris  in  '70  even  ate  rats  and 
grass. 

Etym.  \i.finft  ablative  ofy^w/j,  which  occurs 
as  a  preposition  in  classical  Latin  meaning  "  as  far 
as  "  ;  Per  mare  umbilici  fine  ingressi,  going  into  the 
sea  till  it  was  up  to  the  navel. 

Finocchianayl;  {M.)  bear-wort,  Meum  atha- 
manticum,  also  termed  Finocchio  di  orso,  Meo. 

Finocchiella  f.  ;  (hot.}  —  bianca,  glaucous 
meadow-saxifrage,  Sestli  montanunt. 

Finocchietta  /.;  a  variety  of  apple  with  a 
flavour  of  fennel. 

Finocchi-etto  or  -no  HI.;  dint.  -o. 
t  Finocchina  f.,  =  Finocchietta. 

Finbcchio  m.  (L.feiiuculum,  dim.  of 
fenum,  hay);  i.  (hot.)  (a)  fennel, 
Foeniculum  vulgare;  (6)  —  dolce  di 
Roma,  sweet  Roman  fennel, Foeniculum 
dulce  ;  (c)  —  acquatico,  or  —  salvatico, 
hemlock  water-drop,  Oenanthe  phel- 
landrium,  also  termed  Millefoglio 
acquatico;  (d)  —  marino,  rock-samphire, 
•v.  Erba  (132, a);  (e) —  di  orso,  bear- wort, 
v.  Finocchiana  ;  (/)  —  porcino,  hog- 


fennel,  Peucedanum  officinale,  also 
termed  Sedano  porcino.  2.  in  pi.,  excl. 
of  astonishment.  *  =  Babbeo,  fool. 

Finocchidna/;  fennel-sausage. 

Finocchi6ne  »t.\  aug-tH.  Finocchio. 

Findra ;  hitherto. 

Finta  /;  i.  feint.  2.  in  tailoring, 
(a)  false  pocket,  (6)  flap  over  a  pocket 
or  over  the  line  of  button-holes.  3.  = 
Fintino. 

FintaccM61-o  «/.,  -a,/.;  disingenuous 
person. 

Fintaccio  ;  pegg.  Finto. 
Fintaggine/;  habit  of  shamming. 
Fintame'nte ;  insincerely. 

Fintanto,  Fintantoche  or  Finat- 

tantoche ;  until,  v.  Fino  adv.  (3). 

Finteria/;  i.  habit  of  pretending. 
2.  green  leaves  added  to  a  bouquet. 

Fintino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Finto ;  F-  un 
po' — ,  he  is  rather  a  humbug.  2.  front, 
short  wig. 

Finto  ;  part.  Fingere. 
Finzidne/ ;  fiction,  pretence. 

Fio  m.  (O.H.G.fehu,  property,  orig, 
cattle,  >  Germ.  Vieh,  cattle,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Fee);  Pagare  il  — ,  to  pay  the 
penalty,  lit.  pay  the  cost. 

*i.  =  Feudo,  feudal  right  or  payment,  ii.  tribute, 
iit.  :  Figlio,  son.  iv.  the  letter  V  in  the  old  Italian 
alphabet. 

Fiocaggine  (Fiocagione)/;  hoarse- 
ness. 

Fiocame'nte ;  hoarsely. 

Fibcca  / ;  instep,  or  the  corre- 
sponding part  of  a  boot,  so  called  as 
being  where  the  lace  of  a  shoe  is  tied, 
making  a  tassel,  Fiocco. 

*i.  =  Fiocco,  snow-flake,    ii.  large  quantity. 

Fiocc-are  ind.  fiocco;  i.  to  snow. 
2.  part,  -ato,  tasselled. 

Fiocchett-are  ind.  fiocche'tto ;  to 
adorn  with  little  bows.  Aff.  -atura. 

Fiocchett-lno  sub-dim.,-®  dim.  vezz. ; 
of  Fiocco. 

Fi6cc-o  m.  (L.  floccus,  a  lock  of 
wool) ;  i.  knot  tied  in  a  bow,  e.g.  on  a 
shoe.  2.  snow-flake.  3.  =  Bioccolo, 
lock  of  wool.  4.  tassel,  sword-knot, 
rosette.  5.  Co'  -hi,  adjectival  phrase 
for  splendid ;  Affare  co'  -hi,  grand 
affair ;  Sposalizio  co'  -hi,  magnificent 
wedding  ;  Dottore  co'  -hi,  first-rate 
doctor  ;  Farla  ad  alcuno  coi  -hi,  to  play 
him  no  end  of  a  trick.  6.  La  si  ngiri 
1'  ha  perso  il  — ,  turn  round,  you  have 
lost  something  ;  a  jesting  way  of  re- 
fusing to  answer  a  question  or  of  asking 
a  person  to  be  off.  7.  tuft  of  hair  at 
the  back  of  a  horse's  foot.  8.  (hot.}  -hi 
di  cardinale,  love-lies-bleeding,  Ama- 
rant/tuscaudatus,a\sotermed  Discipline. 
9.  ( war. )  =  Fiocco,  jib. 

*  i.  =  Furto,  theft,  ii.  quantity  of  things.  Un  bel 
— ,  a  great  heap  (of  slain). 

Aff.  -one  aitgm.,  -oso  flocculent,  -uccio  dint, 
sprer.,  -uto  tassefied. 

Fioch-e'tto  or  -ino  dim.,  -ezza  j£.;  v.  Fioco. 


Fidcina/  (L.fuscina,  trident) ;  gaff, 
harpoon. 

•trident,    tcane  split  at  the  top,  for  gathering 
fruit. 

Fi6cine  m.  (L.  faces,  dregs  of  wine) ; 
usu.  in  pi.,  pips  and  skins  of  grapes,  etc. 

•Fiocinetta  /.;  =  Forchettone,  carving-fork. 

Fiociniere  m. ;  harpooner. 

Fidco ;  i.  weak  (voice).  2.  feeble 
(light).  3.  hoarse.  4.  of  a  musical 
instrument,  feeble. 

litym.  Prob.  <  L.  Jiaccus,  weak,  unless  the  orig, 
meaning  is  hoarse,  in  which  case  it  may  be  <  raucus, 
with  an  f  prefixed  by  way  of  reinforcement,  like 
Frombo<Rombo.  "Of  the  two  derivations  the  first 
is  certainly  the  more  likely,  but  possibly  both  may 
be  combined  by  assuming  a  form  **JIa«£us,  modi- 
fied from  flaccus  after  rattcus,  as  the  foundation " 
(Korting). 

*  Fiogo  ;  var.  of  Fioco. 
*Fiola/;=Fiala,  phial. 
*Fiornba_A;  =  Fionda,  sling. 

*Fipnco   »/.;    (mar.)  =  Corda   stramba   fatta  di 
giunchi,  halyard  (Guglielmotti,  Vocab.  mar.). 

Fidnda  /  (L.  funda,  sling,  <Gr. 
o-$fi/8<)i>n,  under  attraction  of  fundere, 
to  pour  forth)  ;  sling. 

Fior-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -aia  / ; 
flower-girl,  -aina/I;  dim.  vezz.  of -aia. 
-aio  m. ;  florist. 

•Fioraglia  ./C  (L.  Jlagrare);   flame,  e.g.   from 
straw. 

Fioraliso  ni.\  cornflower,  v.  Ciano.  *=Fior- 
daliso. 

Fiorame  m. ;  flowers,  esp.  painted, 
worked,  etc. 

Fiorancfno  ;  v.  Fiorrancino. 
Fiorante  ;  with  painted  flowers. 

*Fiorata  f.\  i.  scum.  ii.  —  di  guado,  woad, 
liquor  used  in  dyeing. 

Fiorato  ;  flowered  (chintz). 

•Fioravante  >«.;  =  CavoI  fiore,  cauliflower. 

Fiorcappuccio;n.;(io/.)Iarkspur,  Delphinium, 
v.  Erba  (36)  and  Sperone  (i). 

*  Fiordaligi  m. ;  =  Fiordaliso. 

Fiordaliso  (Fioraliso,  Fiordaligi,  Fiordiligi) 
m.;  i.  lily.  2.  fleur-de-lis,  the  royal  arms  of  France. 

Etym.  Proven5.  Jlor-de-lis  or  Fr.  Jlenr.de-lis. 
Lis  is<L.  lilium,  =  Gr.  Aetptor.  v.  Giglio. 

Fi6re  m.  (L.  flos,  root  bhla  or  bhel, 
to  come  out,  develop,  swell  out,  v. 
Flato,  etym.);  i.  flower.  2.  Citta  del  * 
— ,  Florence;  Santa  Maria  del  — ,  the 
Florentine  cathedral.  3.  —  di  farina, 
the  finest  flour ;  —  di  zolfo,  flowers  of 
sulphur  (condensed  by  sublimation); 
Le  piogge  dirotte  portano  via  il  —  della 
terra,  the  heavy  rains  are  carrying  away 
the  best  of  the  soil.  4.  fam.  abundance ; 
Ha  —  di  quattrini,  he  has  lots  of  money. 
5.  selection,  from  the  writings  of  a  good 
author.  6.  mould  upon  wine.  7.  in  pi., 
courses  of  women.  8.  a  fine  kind  of  . 
crape.  9.  at  cards,  clubs,  v.  infra, 
Fiori,  in  loco.  10.  A  —  d'  acqua,  at  the 
surface  of  the  water ;  A  —  di  terra,  just 
under  the  surface  of  the  ground ;  A  — 
di  labbra,  just  touching  one's  lips. 

11.  In  — ,  flourishing,  in  their  prime; 
of  cookery,  (things)  just  done,  just  right. 

12.  Fichi  fiori,  figs  of  the  first  harvest, 
in  July,  usually  bigger  than  autumn  figs. 

13.  Senza  un  —  di  senno,  without  a 
grain  of  sense.    Similarly  —  di  giudizio, 
or  di  coscienza,  but  now  so  used  only 
with  these  three  words,  v.  infra  *iv. 

14.  —  di  rame,  verdigris  ;  —  di  latte, 


248 


FIORELLINO— FIRNE 


15.  in  //.,  (mar.} 


cream,  urn.  Panna. 
bilges  of  a  ship. 

16.  (&oi.)(ln  this  list  the  parentheses  contain  the 
alternative  names  of  the  plants)  i.  —  dell'  ape,  bee- 
orchis,  Ophrys  apifera  (IJecchie).     ii.   —  dell'  aria, 
air-flower,  (a)  Aeranthes  grandiflorum,  (b)  Tillandsia 
polystachia.     iii.  —  da  bandiera,  great  flag-flower, 
Vexillaria    grandiflora.      iv.    —    da    bandiera  della 
Virginia,  Virginian  flag-flower,  Vexillaria  virginica. 
v.    —  Camilla^   garden-auricula,   Primula   auricula 
(Orecchio  d'  orso).    vi.  (a)  —  cappuccino,  nasturtium, 
Tropaeolum  majus  (Astuzie,  Cardamindo,  Nasturzio 
del   Peru),  (£)  —  cappuccino  minore,  lesser  nastur- 
tium, Tropaeolum  minus,    vii.  —  cappuccio,  larkspur, 
71.  Cappuccio  (4).    viii.  —  di  cardinale,  (<()  Qlfldfcolui 
cardinally  (&)  Lobelia  cardinalis.     ix.   —  della  cera, 
wax-flower,  Asclepias  carnosa.     x.   —  da  chiocciola, 
climbing   snail-flower,   Phaseolus   caracatla  (Fagiolo 
caracalla).     xi.  —  del  cigno,  swan-flower  of  Surinam, 
Cycnoches  loddigii.     xii.   — farfatla,  (a)  butterfly- 
plant,  i.e.  either  Oncidium  papilio  or  Phalaenopsis 
amabilis,   (d)    butterfly   orchis,    Platanthera    bifolia. 
xiii.    — farfallonf,  Our  Lady's  slipper,  v.  Pianella 
della  Madonna,    xiv.  —  &\fuoco,  fire-flower,  Euphor- 
bia punicea.    xv.  —  in  gabbia,  Atractylis  cancellatus, 
a  sort  of  thistle,     xvi.  —  delle  galline  di  Faraone, 
snake's  head  fritillary,  Fritillaria  meleagris  (Fritil- 
laria).     xvii.   —  d'  un  giorno,  Virginian  spider-wort, 
Tradescantia    Virginica    (Effimero    della    Virginia). 
xviii.    —   di    Giove,   Jupiter's   flower,    Lychnis    flos 
Jovis.    xix.  —  di  mezzogiorno,  twelve  o'clock  flower, 
Sida  americana.      xx.    —   di   mtelet    great    honey- 
flower,    Melianthus    major.      xxi.    —  della   mitrat 
cyclamen,    Cyclamen     Europaeum    (Pan    porcino). 
xxii.     —    del    muro,    wallflower,    it.    Violacciocca. 
xxiii.  —  nero  della  Virginia,  Virginian  black  flower, 
Melanthium  Virginicum.     xxiv.    —  d'  un'  era,   Hi- 
biscus  trionum.      xxv.    —  d'  oro,    Chrysanthemum 
coronarium  (Matricaria  coronaria,  Bambagelle,  Ma- 
tricale   giallo).     xxvi.    —   di  paglia  frutice,  Achy- 
ranthes  fruticosa,  a  species  of  amaranth,     xxvii.   — 
di  paglia  giallo,  yellow  everlasting,  Xeranthemum 
annuum    (Girasole    perpetuino,    Perpetuino    annuo 
giallo).     xxviii.   —  di  paglia  siciliano,  Achyranthes 
aspera.    xxix.  —  A\pasgua,  field-anemone,  Pulsatilla 
vulgaris  (Anemone  de'  prati).      xxx.    —  dt  pasgua 
del  Messico,  Mexican  Easter-flower,  Poinsettia  pul- 
cherrima.  "  xxxi.  —  di  pavone,  peacock -flower,  Caes- 
alpinia  pulcherrima.    xxxii.  —  &\  pavone  regio,  royal 
peacock-flower,    Caesalpinia  regia.      xxxiii.    —   del 
fiensierO)  heart's-ease,  Viola  tricolor  (Suocera  e  nuora, 
Viola   farfallona,   Panzea,    Pensieri,   Viola  del   pen- 
siero).     xxxiv.    —   delle   quattro  ore,    four-o'clock- 
flower,  Mirabilis  dichotoma.      xxxv.    —  del  ragno, 
spider-orchis,  Ophrys  arantfera.     xxxvi.    —  del  re, 
king's  flower,    Eucomis   regia,    a   species  of  South 
African  lily,     xxxvii.    —  di  regina,  queen's  flower, 
Lagerstroemia     reginae,     an      Indian     timber-tree, 
xxxviii.  —  del  rospo,  toad-flower,  Stapelia  bufonia, 
a  South  African  plant,     xxxix.    —  di  Sanf  Anna, 
field  camomile,  Anthemis  vulgaris  (Camomilla  sal- 
vatica).     xl.   —  di  Sant*  Antonio  abbate,  shrubby 
candytuft,  Iberis  sempervirens  (Raspo  perenne,  Por- 
cellana  sempre  fiorita).     xli.    —  di  Santa  Dorotea, 
single  blue  hyacinth,  Hyacinthus  orientalis  caeruleus 
i    (Giacinto  turchino).    xlii.  —  di  San  Giuseppe,  yellow 
star  of  Bethlehem,  Ornithogallum  luteum.     xliii.  — 
di   San  Marco,  orris-root  plant  or  Florentine  Iris, 
Iris   florentina  (Iride   di    Firenze,    Giglio   di    Santa 
Caterina,  Gaggiolo,    Giaggiolo).      xliv.    —   di  San 
Martina,  St  Martin's  flower,  Alstroemeria  pelegrina 
(Giglio  degli  Inca),  a  Chilian  plant,     xlv.    —  delle 
Savanne,    a    genus    of    dogbanes,    Haemadictyon. 
xlvi.   —  della  sera,  evening  flower,  Hesperantha,  a 
genus  of    Cape    Iridaceae,    closely   allied    to    Ixia. 
xlvii.    —   di   tigre,    Mexican    tiger-flower,    Tigridia 
pavonia   (Iride    del    Messico).      xlviii.     —    velluto^ 
cock's  comb,  v.  Cresta  di  gallo. 

*i.  —  di  pecora,  superfine  wool.  ii.  (cJiem,)  — 
del  sale,  carbonate  of  soda;  —  del  rame,  sulphate  of 
copper,  iii.  white  star  on  a  horse's  forehead,  iv.  as 
adv.,  the  least  bit;  Se  —  la  lingua  abborra,  if  my 
tongue  goes  a  little  too  much  into  detail,  D.  Inf. 
25.  144;  Non  piowe  — ,  there  was  not  a  drop  of 
rain.  v.  an  old  Florentine  coin.  vi.  bloom  upon 
fruit  or  upon  new  clothes. 

Fiorellmo  m. ;  dim.  Fiore. 
Fiorente ;  pres.  part,  of  Fiorire. 
*Fiorentina  /.;    i.  —  Lucernina.      ii.    a  certain 
kind  of  dance. 

Fiorentiname  m. ;  sfreg.^  the  riff-raff  of 
Florence. 

Fiorentin-am£nte  adv.\  -eggiare  ind.  -eggio, 
to  imitate  the  Florentine  accent.  *  -ello  dim.  of  *-o, 
the  coin,  -eria,  imitation  of  the  Florentine  accent. 
-escam£nte  adv.  -6sco,  with  a  Florentine  ac- 
cent, -isrno,  Florentine  expression,  -ita,  use  of 
Florentine  expressions,  -izzare,  to  express  in  the 
Florentine  style. 

Florentine ;  Florentine.  *an  old  Florentine 
coin. 

Fiorentin-ume  m.\  spreg.  stronger  than  -a'ine. 


Fiorfenza  f.\  i.  =  Firenze,  Florence.  2.  as 
name  for  a  girl,  Florence. 

Fioretta  f.\-  Fioretto  (i). 

Fiorettare  ind.  fiore'tto  ;  to  write, 
or  to  write  music,  in  too  flowery  a 
style. 

Fiorett-lno  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o, 
esp.  of  a  flower  in  a  design. 

Fiore"tt-o  m.\  r.  dim.  Fiore,  flower; 
if  of  a  natural  flower  usu.  Fiorellino. 

2.  button    on    a    foil    (regarded    as   a 
flower-bud,  cp.  ^r.fleuret,  Sybn.  Jforete). 

3.  foil.     4.    in    paper-making,    (a)   the 
best   quality   of    rags,    (b)   an    inferior 
quality  of  paper,  for  newspapers.     5.  the 
best   quality  of  any  kind  of  material. 
6.  selection  from  the  events  of  a  life  or 
the  writings  of  an  author;    I   -i  di    S. 
Francesco,  legendary   anecdotes   from 
the  life  of  St  Francis  of  Assisi,  dating 
from  the   I4th  century.     7.    soup  with 
an  egg  beaten  up  in  it.     8.    a  certain 
kind  of  dance-step.     9.  floss  silk.     10.  a 
certain  kind  of  white  sugar,     ii.  (mus.) 
flourish. 

Fiorett6ne  m. ;  the  worst  quality  of 
rags  for  paper-making. 

Fi6ri  f.  indecl. ;  at  cards,  club,  v. 
Carta  (5,  note). 

Fioricino  m.\  dim.  vezz.  Fiore,  flower. 
Fioricrinito ;  with  flowers  in  the  hair. 
Fioricult-6re  m.\  flower-raiser.     Aff.  -ura. 
fFioridor  nt.\  (mar.)  i.  =  Gratile,  leech  of  a  sail, 
ii.  —  or  Mataffione  per  fiortre,  =  Gassetta,  rope-band. 

Fiorino  ;«.;  I.  in  popular  lyrics, 
dim.  Fiore,  flower.  2.  florin,  so  called 
from  the  lily  stamped  on  it,  first  coined 
at  Florence  in  the  I3th  century,  as  a 
gold  piece;  n-  picciolo,  silver  florin, 
orig.  the  twentieth  part  in  value  of  the 
gold  florin.  3.  by  extension,  Quota, 
proportional  payment ;  Pagare  il  — , 
to  pay  one's  taxes. 

Fior-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  florere,  if. 
Fiore) ;  I.  to  blossom,  z-fig-  to  flourish. 
3.  tr.  II  sole  -isce  le  campagne,  the  sun 
makes  the  flowers  come  out  in  the 
fields  ;  Le  palle  d'  oro  -ian  Firenze  in 
tutti  suoi  gran  fatti,  the  golden  balls, 
i.e.  the  Uberti  and  the  Lamberti  were 
promoters  of  all  the  greatness  of  Flor- 
ence, lit.  made  her  to  blossom.  4.  to 
paint  flowers  upon.  5.  to  strew  flowers 
upon.  Part,  -ito :  6.  flowered  (design). 
7.  Vino  -ito,  v.  Fiore  (6).  8.  Stile  -ito, 
florid  style.  9.  Conversazione  -ita, 
select  (evening)  party. 

for  *L  of  hair,  to  turn  white,  ii.  —  le  spalle  ad 
uno,  to  brand  him  on  the  shoulders,  iii.  —  il  burro, 
=  Bollarlo,  to  stamp  it.  iv.  =  Rilevar  il  bollore,  to 
begin  to  boil,  -irsi :  v.  to  deck  oneself,  vi.  =  Riu- 
scire,  Adempirsi.  vii.  of  women,  to  be  unwell, 
viii.  (mar.)  —  (una  vela)  =  Inferire,  to  bend  (a  sail). 

Fior-ista  ;  I.  f.  with  pi.  -iste,  arti- 
ficial flower-maker.  2.  m.  with  pi.  -isti, 
flower-painter. 

Fiorita  f. ;  flowers  strewn  upon  the 
ground  for  a  procession.  —  di  neve, 
light  coating  of  snow  upon  the  ground. 
Tu  lasci  la  — ,  you  are  strewing  the 
things  you  are  carrying  all  about. 

*i.  cooked  food,  v.  Fiore  (ii).  ii.  =  Fioritura, 
inflorescence. 


*  Fiorita  /.;   \.    an  abundant  variety  of  flowers. 
ii.  Le  —  d'  Italia,  story  of  the  noble  deeds  of  Italy. 

Fioritam^nte  ;  in  a  flowery  style. 

Fioritura/;  i.  blossoming.  2.  by 
ext.)  Una  —  di  boliicine  nel  viso,  an 
outgrowth  of  pimples  on  the  face.  3.  = 
Frangia,  fringe.  4.  (mus.}  flourish. 

Fior6ne  m.  ;  augm.  Fiore;  i.  plant 
which  has  large  flowers  but  scentless. 
2.  large  painted  or  worked  flower. 

*i.  =  Rosone.     ii.  =  Fichi-i,  v,  Fiore  (12). 

Fiorrancino  (Fiorancino)  w.;  fire-crested  wren, 
Regulus  ignicapillus,  also  termed  Reattino. 


m.\    i.    (bot.)  marigold, 
2.  golden-crested  wren, 


Fiorraucio 

v.  Calendula. 
v.  Regolo. 

Fioriime  m.  \  the  seed,  etc.,  which 
remains  on  ground  where  hay  has  been 
stacked. 

Fiorvelluto  ;;?.  ;  (&?/.)  =  Amaranto. 

Fibsso  m.  ;  the  part  of  the  sole  of 
a  shoe  corresponding  to  the  arch  of  the 
foot.  *arch  of  the  foot. 

Etym,  "  Pre>o.<L.  jtuxits,  part,  of  _/?ufre,  to 
flow,  which  had  the  sen^e  of  hanging,  falling,  whence 
also  Floscio  ;  as  it  were  the  missing  part  of  the  foot 
or  shoe,  termed  in  the  Trevtsan  dialect  Falso  " 
(Pianigiani). 

*Fiotano  /«.;  (vet.)  lancet. 

*Fiotola./;  flute. 

Fiottare  ind.  fiotto;  i.  to  gurgle, 
as  water  down  a  gully.  Pioveva,  e  si 
sentiva  —  ,  it  was  raining,  and  we  heard 
the  water  gurgling  down  the  pipes. 
2.  to  grumble,  to  murmur  and  mutter. 

*i.  of  the  tide,  to  rise  and  fall.  ii.  of  waves  or  of 
a  river  in  flood,  to  surge,  to  swirl,  iii.  of  the  wind, 
to  sough. 

Fiottio  m.  ;  whimpering,  v.  Fiottare. 

Fibtto  m.  (primarily  Germanic  from 
the  Teutonic  root  flo,  to  flow,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Flood,  but  crossed  with  L.  fluctus, 
if.  Fluttuare,  which  accounts  for  the  tt}  ; 

1.  tossing  of  the  sea.     2.  grumbling. 

*i.  =  Frotta,  troop.  ii.  impetuous  rush.  Tras- 
portati  dal  —  della  fortuna,  swept  along  by  the  flood 
of  fortune,  in.  insult,  provocation,  iv.  In  —  ,  or 
In  un  —  ,  instantly. 

Fiottonacci-o  ?«-,  -a  /  ;  inveterate 

grumbler. 

Fiott6n-e  ?«.,  -a  f.  ;  constant 
grumbler. 

*Fiottoso;  stormy. 

Firenze  f.  (L.  Florentia)',  Florence,  the  city. 
*FiringueIIo  ;«.  ;=  Fringuello,  chaffinch. 

Firma/i  (It.  firmare);  i.  signature. 

2.  —  commerciale,  firm.     3.    —  falsa, 
forged  signature.     4.    Andare  alia  —  , 
to  go  (to  the  principal)  for  his  signature. 
*  =  Polizzino,  ticket. 

Firmam£nto  m.;  as.  E.  *i.  confirmation. 
ii.  foundation. 

Firmano,  Fermano  m.  (Persian,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.)\  firman. 

Firm-are  (?'.  Fermo)  ;  i.  to  sign. 
2.  -arsi  a,  to  give  in  one's  adhesion  to, 
to  agree  with  ;  Sara  come  dite  ;  non  mi 
ci  -o  pero  io,  it  may  be  as  you  say,  but 
I  cannot  fall  in  with  that  view. 

*  i.  =  Fissare,  to  establish,  ii.  to  fortify,  iii.  = 
Fermare. 

Firmatdxio  m.  ;  signatory. 
Firmo  ;  certain. 

Firne  /  (Germ.  Firri)\  snow  of 
former  winters. 


FISAMENTE— FITTO 


249 


Fisame'nte ;  =  Fissamente. 

Fisarmonica/:  (Gr.);  a  kind  of  accordion. 

Fiscal-e  (It.  fisco) ;  I.  fiscal,  relating 
to  or  maintained  out  of  the  public 
revenue.  2.  (Interrogazioni)  da  -i,  in- 
quisitorial. Ass&. :  3.  (kist.)  examining 
magistrate  in  criminal  proceedings. 
4.  prying  person.  5.  spreg.  lawyer  of 
low  class. 

Aff.    -eggiare    ind.    -eggio,    to    grub,    make    a 
minute  investigation,  -eggiatdre,  -ita,  -mente. 
•Fiscella/:  (L.,  dim.  of  fisciis);  wicker  basket. 

Fischi-are  or  pop.  Fisti-are  (L.Jistu- 
lare);  i.  to  whistle.  2.  to  hiss.  3.  of 
the  ears,  to  sing.  4.  to  chirrup,  as 
grasshoppers.  5.  -  -  com'  un  biacco, 
or  absol.  — ,  to  be  poverty-stricken. 
6.  tr.  —  una  bastonata  a  uno,  to  give 
him  a  severe  blow. 

AJf.  -abile,  -ata,  -atina  dim.  of  -ata,  -atore. 

Fischi-erella  or  pop.  Fisti-  /;  =  Chioccolo. 

Fischi-erellare  or  pop.  Fisti-  ',freq.  of -are. 

Fischierello  m. ;  fit  of  terror. 

Fischi-ettare  or  pop.  Fisti-  ind.  -etto;  dim. 
of  -are,  -ettino  dim.  of  -etto,  -etliofrey.  sb,  of 
-ettare. 

Fischi<§ttO  m. ;  I.  dim.  Fischio. 
2.  bird-whistle.  3.  in  pi.,  paste  for 
soup,  v.  Pasta  (i,  c). 

Ffschio  or  pop.  Ffstio  m.  (It.  fischi- 
are) ;  i.  whistle,  either  an  instrument 
or  the  sound  itself.  2.  hiss.  3.  Me 
n'  importa  un  — ,  I  don't  care  a  blow. 
4.  =Sampogna,  bagpipe.  5.  a  kind  of 
tuning-reed  serving  the  same  purpose 
as  a  tuning-fork,  but  giving  a  much 
louder  sound. 

Fischio  m. ;  frcq.  sb.  of  Fischiare. 

Fischibne  or  pop.  Fistidne  in.  • 
I.  poverty-stricken  person,  v.  Fischiare 
(5).  2.  (a)  widgeon,  Anas  penelope,  also 
termed  Bibbio,  Morigiana,  Penelope ; 
(6)  =  Mestolone,  shoveller  duck ;  (c}  — 
turco  or  —  col  ciuffo,  pochard,  v.  Ger- 
mano  (4);  (if)  —  maggiore,  =  Chiurlo, 
curlew ;  (e)  —  terraiuolo,  =  Chiurlotel lo,  a 
species  of  curlew.  3.  =  Fischiata,  hissing. 

Fischibtti  in.  pi. ;  paste  for  soup, 
v.  Pasta  (i,  c}. 

Fiscia  /,  pi.  fiscie  or  fice  (Fr.  fiche, 
<ficher,  to  toss  down,  further  etym. 
dub.,  v.  Littre",  sub  Ficher,  Fichu) ; 
fish,  i.e.  ivory  counter  for  playing  at 
Calabresella. 

•Piscina /.;=  Fiscella,  wicker  basket. 

Fisciil  orFescifo  m.  indecl.  (French); 
a  light,  three-cornered  handkerchief 
thrown  over  a  woman's  shoulders,  fichu. 
AJf.  Fisciufno  dim.  vezz. 

Fisco  m. ;  the  public  Treasury,  the 
coffers  of  the  State.  Cadere,  Andare 
nel  — ,  to  be  confiscated. 

*i.  wicker  basket,  ii.  money,  iii.  — castrense, 
military  chest,  iv.  privy  purse  of  the  sovereign. 

Etym.  L._/iscus  (orig.  rush-basket,  then  purse, 
and  so  public  treasury)  for  **Jidscus  \  cogn.  Gr. 
7r('0os,  earthenware  wine-jar,  L.  fidelia,  a  pot,  Ice- 
landic bidlia,  butter-jar,  root  bhidk,  to  receive  into 
a  vessel. 

Fiscdrno;  v.  Fliscorno. 

Fiseter-e  or  -i  m.  (Gr.  <f>i»rau,  to  blow);  a 
genus  of  whales,  riiyseter. 

Fisica/;  (Gr.  rfivaiKij,  sc.  re^vrj,<if>vw,  v.  Skeat, 
tub  H<-) ;  physics,  natural  science  or  a  treatise  thereon, 
"medical  science,  physic. 

*  Fisicaggine./ ;  materialistic  views. 

•  Fisicale ;  i.  =  Fisico.    ii.  =  Medico. 

H. 


Fisicamente ;  physically. 

*  Fisicare;  =  Sofisticare,  to  be  fanciful. 

Fisico  (Gr.,  ».  Fisica)  ;  i.  physical.  As  sb. : 
z.  bodily  characteristics.  7.  physicist,  writer  on 
physics.  4.  in//.,  the  Physics  of  Aristotle.  5.  pop. 
for  Fisionomia. 

Fisicomatematica /.;  applied  mathematics. 

Fisic6so;=So6stico,  argumentative. 

Fisima/  (Gr.  0uo-r/^a,  air-bubble)  ; 
whim,  baseless  fancy.  *Andare  in  — , 
to  get  angry. 

Fisi6crate  m. ;  physiocrat,  holding 
with  Quesnay  (1694 — 1774),  that  as  land 
is  the  only  source  of  wealth  its  taxation 
should  be  the  only  source  of  revenue. 

Fisiocritico  m.;  nature-student. 

Fisiognomia ;  ?'.  Fisonomia. 

Fisiognosiayl;  physical  science. 

Fisiolog-fa  f.  •  physiology.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -o. 

Fisiomante  m. ;  prophet  who  predicts  a  per- 
son's future  from  his  features. 

Fisionomia ;  v.  Fisonomia. 
*Fisitero  in. ;  —  Fisetere. 

Fiso ;  =  Fisso,  fixed,  or  as  adv. ,  fixedly. 

*  Fisofolo  ;  scherz.  for  Filosofo. 

Fisogrado  in. ;  Portuguese  man  of  war,  a 
species  of  mollusc,  Physalis  pelagica,  also  termed 
Vascello  portoghese. 

Fisonom-ia,  Fisionomia  (Fisiognomia)  f. 
(Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sitb  Physiognomy);  as  E.  Afl~.  -ico, 
-ista,  -iaccia  pfgg.,  -mccia  dim.  spreg.  miserable 
little  face. 

Fissay!:  for  Stella  fissa,  fixed  star. 

Fissaggio  m. ;  fixing-bath,  in  photography. 

Fissamente ;  fixedly. 

Fiss-are  (L.fixus,  v.  Figgere);  i.  to 
fix.  2.  to  engage  (a  servant,  rooms,  etc.). 
3.  to  gaze  at.  4.  -arsi,  to  fix  one's  mind 
intently ;  Si  fisso  in  quella  bambina 
che  gli  mori  bruciata  e  divento  matta, 
her  thoughts  were  always  on  that  child 
which  was  burnt  to  death,  and  she 
went  out  of  her  mind. 

Fissato  m. ;  engagement,  appoint- 
ment. 

Fissazi6ne/ ;  fixed  idea. 

Fisse'zza/;  I.  fixity.  2.  (chcm.} 
solid  state,  as  opposed  to  liquid. 

Fissi  ;  i.  perf.  Figgere.  2.  (mil.) 
Eyes  front!  ^ 

*Fissione/:;  =  Fi5sezza,  stability. 
Fissipedl  in.  pi.',  animals  with  divided  hoof. 
Fissir6stri  m.  pi.;  a  group  of  birds  with  short 
broad  beak,  very  deeply  cleft. 

Fiss-o  (L.fixus,  v.  Figgere) ;  i.  fixed ; 
Aver  —  il  chiodo  in  una  cosa,  to  be 
insanely  fixed  upon  it.  2.  engaged ; 
La  sera  e  — ,  he  is  engaged  in  the 
evening ;  Una  serva  -a,  a  regular  servant. 
3.  as  sb.,  fixed  salary.  4.  as  adv., 
fixedly. 

*i.  transfixed,     ii.  =  Fitto,  dense. 

Fissurella/];  the  key-hole  limpet. 
*Fistella_/:;=Fiscella,  basket. 
*Fistello»/.;  =  Fistola. 

*  Fistelloso  ;  full  of  holes. 

Fisti-are,  etc. ;  -u.  Fischi-. 

Ffstol-a  /  (L.);  i.  (med.)  fistula. 
2.  shepherd's  pipe.  3.  cassia,  a  bark 
used  in  tanning. 

*  i.    tube  attached   to  the  mouth  of  a  vessel  for 
measuring  its  discharge,    ii.  conduit,  pipe.    iii.  wind- 
pipe,    iv.   organ-pipe,     v.   pipe  by  which  wine  was 
drawn  into  the  mouth  at  the  Eucharist. 

Aff.  -are  adj.  or  as  vb.  =Infistolire,  -e"tta  dim., 
-dso  adj. 

Fistolo  m. ;  the  devil.  Non  ci 
conoscerebbe  il  — ,  the  devil  would  not, 
i.e.  nobody  would,  recognise  us.  Che 
ti  venga  il  — ,  blast  you  ! 

*i.  =  Fistola.     ii.   Avere  il  diavolo  nel  — ,  to  be 


able   to   discover   secrets,      iii.    Scannare   il   — ,    to 
burst  with  rage.     iv.   Va  il  —  a  processione  pel  con- 
vento,    the    devil    goes    in    procession    through    the 
monastery,  i.e.  things  are  all  topsy-turvy. 
*Fistuca_/,  -o  ?«.  ;=Festuca,  straw. 

Fistucchio  m.;  (bat '.) pop.  for  Pioppo,  poplar. 

Fitolacca  f.',  (hot.)  Virginian  poke-weed,  v. 
Erba  (7). 

Fltolog;-ia  /  (Gr.  4>v-r6v,  plant);  botany. 
Aff.  -o. 

*Fiton-e,  -essa;  =  Piton-e,  -essa. 

Fitta/;  i.  boggy  place,  quagmire. 

2.  spit,  the  depth  of  a  spade  in  digging. 

3.  bruise,   as  in  a  hat   or   metal   pot. 

4.  quantity,    crowd.     5.  =Trafitta;    A 
quel  racconto  sentii  una  —  al  cuore,  on 
hearing  that  story  I  felt  cut  to  the  heart. 

6.  (vet.)  Fare  — ,  to  form  a  callosity 
(where  the  saddle  has  pressed  the  skin). 

7.  in  fencing,  Punta  di  — ,  direct  thrust. 

Etym.  It.  fitto,  q.v.,  except  perhaps  in  sense 
of  bog  which  Diez  refers  to  Q.H,G._fiuhli,  >  Germ. 
fcucht,  damp,  and  Ronsch  to  L.  jflcta,  in  sense  of 
treacherous. 

*Fittabile  ///.  ;=Fittaiolo,  tenant. 
*Fittagno  m.,  *Fittagnola  /: ;  =  Fittone,  tap- 
root. 

Fittai61o  or  Affittaidlo  m.;  tenant- 
farmer. 

Fittamente  ;  i.  closely.  2.  often. 
*  =  Fintamente. 

•Fittanza /:;  =  Fitto,  hire. 

•Fittereccio;  i.  hired,  ii.  Staio  — ,  bushel  of 
corn  as  a  unit  of  measure  for  rent. 

*FittezEay^;  density. 

Fittile  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Figure) ; 
fictile. 

*Fittivo;  i.  creative,  imaginative,     ii.  =  Fittile. 

Fittizio  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Figure); 
i.  fictitious.  2.  insincere.  3.  not 
genuine. 

Fitt-o  (A,)^  in.  (bit.  fictus,  part,  of 
L.  figere,  t/,^Figgere,  the  classical 
participle  being  fixus;  fictus  occurs 
however  in  Lucretius  and  in  Varro) ; 
i.  lease;  Dare,  Prendere  un  podere  a 
— ,  to  let  or  take  a  farm.  2.  the  rent 
thereof.  3.  the  farm  itself,  regarded  as 
an  object  of  renting.  4.  prov.  Del  — 
non  ne  beccan  le  passere,  i.e.  income 
from  letting  a  farm  does  not  vary  with 
accidental  circumstances.  5.  Mi  rin- 
cari  il  — ,  (if  he  does  not  like  my 
proceedings)  let  him  raise  my  rent,  i.e. 
annoy  me  in  any  way  he  can,  as  a  mode 
of  expressing  indifference  to  someone's 
opinions.  6.  contract  for  hire  of  any 
object,  such  as  a  horse  and  carriage,  or 
annual  payment  for  professional  services. 

IS"  The  term  Affitto  is  not  used  in 
this  last  sense,  but  is  more  common 
than  Fitto  for  the  hire  of  a  farm. 

(B)  (part,  of  Figgere);  i.  S'  e  —  in 
capo  che,  he  has  got  it  into  his  head 
that....  2.  A  capo  — ,  or  as  one  word 
A  capofitto,  head  downwards.  3.  Spina 
-a  nel  core,  a  permanent  sorrow. 
4.  closely  pressed ;  Alberi  troppo  -i, 
trees  too  close  together;  Visite  troppo 
-e,  too  frequent  visits;  Pettine  — ,  comb 
with  fine  teeth;  Non  fare  il  carattere 
tanto  — ,  do  not  write  so  close.  5.  of 
texture,  close.  6.  Buio  — ,  pitch  dark ; 
Verno  — ,  the  middle  of  winter;  Nel  — 
della  selva,  in  the  heart  of  the  forest. 
As  adv. :  7.  Discorrer  — ,  (a)  to  talk 
fast,  (6)  to  talk  in  an  undertone. 

32 


250 


FITTONARE— FLUSSIONE 


8.  Lampeggiare  —  — ,  constant  flashes 
of  lightning.  9.  Canzonare  —  — ,  to 
jeer  unmercifully. 

*i.  =  Finto.  ii.  =  Figurato.  iii.  —  Risoluto,  Fermo. 
iv.  =  Innato.  v.  Star  —  addosso  a  uno,  =  Troppo 
addosso. 

*  Fittonare  ;  to  be  firmly  fixed ,  as  if  rooted. 

Fittoncino  m.  \  dim.  Fittone  (i). 

Fitt6ne  m.  (an  augm.,  <  "L.fictus  or 
It.  fitto,  B);  i.  tap-root  of  a  plant. 
2.  keystone  of  the  mouth  of  a  furnace 
in  an  ironworks.  3.  root  of  an  animal's 
hoof. 

*i.  large  stone  half  sunk  in  the  ground,  ii.  = 
Pitone. 

Fittuario  /«. ;  =  Fittaiolo,  tenant 

Fitturay?;  fastening,  bolting. 
Fium-accio  m.',  pegg.  of -e. 
Fiumalbo  in.  ;=Sciabica,  moor-hen. 

Fiumana  (Fiumara)/;  i.  flooded 
river.  2.  torrent. 

Fium-e  m.  (L.  flumen,<.fluere,  to 
flow) ;  river.  Aff.  -icello  dim.  vezz., 
-iciattolo  dim.  spreg.,  -icfno  dim.  smaller 
than  -icello,  -iciuccio  dim.  spreg. 

Fiutafatti  m. ;  inquisitive  person. 

Fiutare  ;  i.  to  sniff.  2.  —  i  fatti 
altrui,  to  pry  into  other  people's  business. 

*i.  fig.  Rade  navi  oggi  fiutano  quel...Oceano, 
few  ships  now  attempt,  lit.  go  sniffing,  that  ocean, 
ii.  Queste  voci  i  pedanti  non  fiutano,  pedants  do  not 
accept,  lit,  sniff  up,  these  words. 

Etym.  "According  to  D\ez<*°J7autarf  (con- 
tracted later  to  flutare)  for  **flatuare,<'Ll  flatus, 
breath,  a  form  bordering  onflatare,  freq.  of  flare 
(past  fart,  flatus),  to  blow.  This  would  make 
Fiutare  stand  to  Fiatare  like  Annusare  to  Naso. 
Ascoli  on  the  other  hand,  more  happily,  while 
keeping  to  the  same  radical  base,  traces  it  to  a 
bit.  **flavitare,  freq.  of  **flavare,  formed  upon 
**flavor,  which  he  deduces  from  the  Calabrian 
khiavurtu,  scent "  (Pianigiani). 

Florio  has  fiuto,  "sent,  smell  (also  flute)."  This 
Ital.  fiuto  may  have  been  borrowed  from  O.  Fr. 
fuite  (Mid.  E.  fewte,  feute),  the  scent  or  trace  of 
an  animal's  flight,  <  L.  /ugitus,  flight,  <fugere. 
See  fuite  in  Littre  and  feute  in  the  New  English 
Diet. 

-  Fiutasepdlcri  m.  indecl.;  scherz.  antiquary. 
Fiut-ata/;  sniff.     Aff.  -atina  dim. 

*Fiutino  in. ;  i.  dim.  Fiuto,  flute,  ii.  dim. 
spreg.  from  the  stem  of  Fiutare,  q.v.  (2). 

Fiuto  m.  (v.  Fiutare,  etym.);  i.  sense 
of  smell,  esp.  in  animals.  2.  sniff,  act 
of  smelling,  ^.fg.  Conoscere  al  primo 
— ,  to  perceive  at  once;  Le  persone 
per  bene  si  conoscono  al  primo  — ,  you 
can  tell  at  once  whether  a  man  is  one 
of  the  right  sort.  *  =  Flauto,  flute. 

Fiutdn-e  m.,  -a  /. ;  =  Bracon-e,  -a, 
inquisitive  person. 

Flab611-o  m.  (L.  flabellum,  fan,  dim. 
of  fla-brum,  lit.  wind-maker,  v.  Flato); 
a  fan  made  of  feathers  borne  on  a  staff 
in  Papal  processions.  Aff.  -ifero. 

*Flaccido(L.,  v.  Fiacco);  limp. 

Flagell-are  ind.  flagello ;  to  whip.  t=SfraceI- 
lare,  to  smash.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -azidne. 


honour  of  God,  or  else<"  'flagmen,  akin  loflagrare, 
to  burn  (sacrifices). 

Flaminicay:;  wife  of  a  Flamine. 

Flamini-o  ;  Circo  —  ,  the  second,  after  the 
Circus  Maximus.  Via  -a,  the  road  from  Ponte 
Molle  to  Rimini.  Casa  -a,  or  -a  as  sb.,  the  house 
of  the  Flamen  Dialis,  priest  of  Jupiter. 

Flamulay:;  (tot.)v.  Fiammola. 

Flanella  or  pop.  Flenella  and  Frenella  /.; 
flannel. 

Etym.  Yr.flanelle,  cflgn.  Spsin./rawfa,  Portug. 
farinella,  E.  flannel.  The  E.  word  is  <  Welsh 
s?wlane>t,  flannel,  <.givlan,  wool,  and  there  does  not 
seem  to  be  much  doubt  that  the  Fr.  word  is  derived 
from  the  E.,  though  Diez  attributes  it  to  old  Fr. 
flaine,  of  uncertain  origin  but  no  doubt  Latin. 
K.  Skeat,  sub  Flannel,  Wool. 

*  Flateria  f.  ;  flattery.  Etym.  Prob.  <  mlt. 
flatare  =  augere,  Tel  amplum  facere,  which  Du 
Cange  suggests  is  a  metaphor  from  increasing  a  fire 
by  blowing  it.  Or  it  may  be  from  the  Fr.  flatterie, 
of  uncertain  origin. 

Flat-o»/.;  intestinal  wind,  flatus.  Aff.  -ulento, 
•ulenza,  -uosita,  -uoso. 

Etym.  L.,  root  bhla,  to  blow  or  blow  out,  cp. 
A.S.  blaedrc  (>  E.  bladder),  A.S.  tlaest,  blaman 
(>E.  blast,  blow),  L.  flos  (>Fr.  yf«<r,>E.  flower), 
O.H.G.  Hasan  (>Germ.  blasen,  to  blow),  O.H.G. 
balla(>¥r.  talle,>E.  ball). 

Flaut-ato:  musical,  flute-like  (voice),  -ino 
m.  ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of  -o.  a.  =  -ista,  flute-player. 

Flauto  m.  (old  Fr.  flahute,  vbsb.  of  flahutcr, 

which  may  be  an  inversion  of  **  flat-Hare  or  from  a 

form   "flutulitare,  <  L.  flatus,  breath);    i.    flute. 

2.  flute-player.     3.  A  —  ,  in  cutting  wood,  obliquely. 

tFIaveton  m.  ;  a  species  of  mullet,  v.  Muggine(s). 

*Flavo(L.);  tawny  (lighter  than  Fulvo). 

Flebil-e  (L.)  ;  mournful.     Aff.  -mente. 

Fleb-ite  or  -itide/;  phlebitis,  -otomia/:; 
venesection,  -dtomo  ;«.  ;  i.  surgeon.  2.  lancet. 
Etym.  Gr.  <b\t>li,  a  vein,  cp.  4>Ae'co,  to  be  full,  the 
veins  being  full  of  blood  after  death  ;  root  bkla,  to 
distend,  v.  Flato. 

Fleget6nte  tii.  (Gr.  ^Xeyoi);  Phlegethon,  the 
burnine  river  of  the  Greek  Tartarus,  the  river  of 
boiling  blood  in  Dante's  Inferno. 

Flegre-o;  i.  of  Phlegra  in  Thessaly.  2.  Campi 
-i,  round  Vesuvius.  Cima  -a,  the  top  of  Vesuvius. 


abundance.     3.  in//.,  tentacles  of  some  of  the  lower 
animals  serving  as  legs. 

*Flagra/;=Sferza,  whip. 

Flagrante  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  as  E. 

Flamin-e  in.;  Flamen,  priest  in  ancient  Rome 
attached  to  the  service  of  some  particular  god  or 
hero;  —  Diale,  Gradivo,  Quirinale,  priest  of  Jupiter, 
Mars  or  Romulus.  Aff.  -ale,  -ato  priesthood. 

Etym.  L.,  either  <  "fladmen,  akin  to  Gothic 
blotan,  to  honour,  old  Icelandic  blot,  sacrifice  in 


F16mm-a  /.  (Gr.  r/>Xe'yfin,  7'.  Skeat, 
sub  Phlegm);  I.  one  of  the  four 
"humours"  of  ancient  physiology,  the 
others  being  blood,  water,  and  bile. 
2.  coolness,  calmness.  3.  in  //.,  brewers' 
grains.  Aff.  -aticame'nte,  -atico. 

Flemmon-e  m.  (Gr.);  deep  abscess.    Aff.  -oso. 
Flenella/;  v.  Flanella. 

F16o  m.  (Gr.  4>Ae'ciK,  some  species  of  reed)  ;  (bot.) 
cat's  tail,  a  genus  of  grasses,  Phleum, 
Flessibil-e;  flexible.     A  ff.  -ita. 
Flessinga  ;  (geogr.)  Flushing. 

Fless-fCne  /  ;  flexion,  -o  ;  part,  of 
Flettere.  -6re  m.  ;  flexor,  -uositk  /, 
-u6so,  supple;  v.  Flettere. 

•Fleto  m.  (L.);  weeping. 

*  Flettere  per/,  flessi,  part,  flesso  (L.  fleeter?)  ; 
to  bend. 

*Flinguello;  v.  Filunguello. 

Flinto  m.  (E.)  ;  flint-glass. 

Flisc&rno  or  Fiscbrno  m.  (Germ. 
Fliigelshorn  or  Flugshom,  compounds 
of  Fliigel,  wing,  or  Plug,  flying,  with 
Horn  ;  lit.  therefore,  horn  of  a  bird- 
hunter)  ;  i.  (mus.)  a  sort  of  trumpet. 
2.  fig.  Sona  niolto  il  bene  il  —  ,  he  is 
a  very  good  spy. 

Flittena/  (Gr.  <^\v<raiv 
to  boil)  ;  (meii.)  blister. 

Flbcco  (Fiocco)  m.  (Germanic,  cp. 
Germ.  Fock,  Dutch  fok,  Swedish  foec/ia, 
Danish  facke]  ;  (mar.)  jib.  Gran  —  , 
main-jib.  Piccolo  —  ,  foretopmast  stay- 
sail. Secondo  —  ,  inner  or  middle  jib. 
-  volante,  jib  topsail.  Borda  il  —  ! 
haul  the  jib-sheet  close  aft  ! 

*  Flocido  ;  var.  of  Flaccido,  flabby. 
Flogisticat-o;  containing  phlogiston.    Aria  -a, 

hydrogen. 

Flogistico;  (med.)  inflammatory. 

Flogisto    m.    (Gr.    *Affyi<rrw,    inflammable); 


phlogiston,  an  imaginary  element,  believed,  until 
nearly  1800,  to  form  part  of  every  combustible  body, 
and,  when  disengaged,  to  produce  the  phenomenon 
of  burning. 

*Flogite/;  opal,  regarded  as  a  petrified  flame. 

F16go  m.  (Gr.  <^Ao£,  flame,  from  the  colour  of 
the  flower);  (frof.)  phlox. 

Fldgosi  /.  (Gr.);  (med.)  inflammation. 

F16mide/:  (Gr.);  (bat.)  Phlomis,  a  genus  of 
Labiatae. 

F16r-a/;  as  E.     Aff.  -ale,  -icultura. 

Floreale  m.;  the  Fr.  republican  month,  Ap.  20 
to  May  20. 

F16rid-o  (L.,  v.  Fiore) ;  i.  flourishing 
(finances),  florid  (health).  2.  flowery, 
bright  (language) ;  the  Italian  for  florid 
(language)  is  Fiorito.  Aff.  -amdnte, 
-dzza. 

Florildgio  m. ;  i.  anthology.  2.  trea- 
sury of  devotion. 

Florindo  m. ;  a  character  in  Goldoni's 
plays.  II  sor  — ,  ridiculous  lover. 

F16sci-o  (prod.  <  old  Span,  floxo,  < 
L.  _flu.vns,  part,  of  fluere,  to  flow) ; 

1.  soft,  flabby.     2.  (Seta)  -a,  spun,  but 
not  twisted.     Aff.  -dzza,  -amdnte,  -6ne 
augm.,  -ume  lot  of  flabby  things. 

Flbsculo  m. ;  (dot.)  floret  of  a  com- 
posite flower. 

Flbtta/ ;  fleet.     *  =  Frotta,  troop. 

Etym.  Borrowed  from  Yr.flctte,  a  word  first  used 
in  the  sense  of  "fleet"  in  the  i6th  century.  "Flote 
in  old  French  like  the  corresponding  Romance  words, 
Spul.Jt0tat  Portug. /rota,  Ital.  fiotta,  frotta,  means 
multitude,  <  L.  flnctus,  wave,  taken  fig.  for  abund- 
ance, with  change  of  gender  (It.  has  also  the  ma.scu- 
line  forms  fiotto,  frotto).  The  word  for  fleet  in  old 
French  is  nolflotte,  but  estoire;  the  expression  flotte 
dc  nefs,  assemblage  of  ships,  is  like  Jiotle  <rV  fffts, 
assemblage  of  people.  But  the  Germanic  languages 
have  n  word  for  assemblage  of  ships,  Dutch  vloot, 
Swedish  flotta,  A.S.  fliet,  E.  fleet.  This  last  has 
furnisheu  directly  the  word  flete  as  appears  above" 
(•viz.  in  a  quotation  given  from  Du  Gauge,  sub 
Avirunatus,  Apres  avironna  le  suppliant  et  mena 
la  flette  du  costt  du  port),  "and  it  is  certain,  as 
Diez  observes,  that  the  Germanic  words  operated  to 
give  flotte,  multitude,  its  present  meaning  of  fleet " 
(Littre'). 

Flott-are  ind.  fl&tto  (Fr.  flatter,  to 
float,  <.flot,  wave,  <  L.  fluctus) ;  to  float 
a  raft  of  timber  down  a  river.  Aff. 
-atore,  raftsman. 

Flottazi6ne   /  ;     i.    v.     Flottare. 

2.  Linea  di  — ,  waterline. 

Flottiglia /.(Jim.  Flotta);  flotilla. 
*  Flottola/ ;  chant  sung  in  processionsat  Venice. 
Fluente  ;  i.  v.  Fluire.    2.  —  a,  on  the  banks  of. 

3.  (mat/i.)  variable.     *  As  j^.,  =  Fiume,  river. 

Fluid-amente,  -ezza,  -ita,  -o;  as  E. 

Flu-ire  (Fluere)  ind.  -isco,  per/,  fluii  fluisti 
flu'i,  parts,  fiuente  flulto ;  to  flow. 

Etym.  A  literary  introduction  <  L.  fluere, 
instead  of  the  pop.  Scorrere.  Fluere  is  prob.  fur 
**fl«g"ir',  cp.  the  perf.fluxi,  akin  to  Gr.  ifrMia,  to 
bubble  over  (root  bhleug,  to  overflow,  cp.  Liddell  and 
Scott,  sub  4>\fh>),  but  not  to  E.  flow,  which  is  akin  to 
Gr.  irAe'w,  to  float,  root//£«.  The  primary  meaning 
therefore  of  fluere  was  "to  gush  out,"  not  "to  float 
along." 

Fludre  ;«. ;  i.  (chem.)  fluorine.  2.  (med.)  dis- 
charge. 3.  (win.)  fluor-spar,  fluoride  oflime. 

*i.   in  old  chemistry,  liquidity,     ii.   in  pi.,  gases. 
iii.  —  pietroso,  crystalline  deposit  of  any  kind. 

Etym.  L.  fluor,  a  flowing  ;  in  med.  diarrhcea. 
The  term  was  applied  by  the  alchemists  to  all  mineral 
acids,  because  of  their  fluidity,  but  fluor-spar  owes 
its  name  to  the  facility  with  which  it  fuses  up  at  a 
red  heat  with  silica,  sulphates  of  lime  and'  barium, 
and  some  other  infusible  substances,  into  homogeneous 
masses. 

Fluor-esc4nte,  -escenza  :  as  E.  -Idrico  ; 
hydrofluoric  (acid),  -ina/;  fluor-spar,  -urom.; 
fluoride. 

Flussi ;  7:  Flusso  (3). 
•Flussibile;  liquid. 

Flussi6n-e/  (L.  fluxion  large  flow, 
<Jluere,  v.  Fluire);  I.  determination 
of  pain  to  a  spot,  inflammation  of  the 


FLUSSO— FOGNA 


251 


lungs,  headache,  toothache,  etc. ;  —  di 
riscontro,  cold,  from  being  in  a  draught. 
2.  morbid  flow  or  secretion.  3.  (vet.) 
-  lunatica,  periodica,  inflammation  of 
the  eyes  in  horses.  4.  (math.}  fluxion, 
infinitesimal  change  in  quantity,  differ- 
ential. Aff.  -a.ma.pegg.,  -cella  or  -cina 
dims. 

Flusso  m.  (L.  ftuxus,  part,  offluere, 
v.  Fluire);  I.  (med.)  flux.  2.  -  -  e 
riflusso,  flow  and  ebb  of  the  tide,  or  fig. 
of  people  in  a  crowd.  3.  at  Primiera, 
flush,  four  cards  of  the  same  suit,  also 
termed  Flussi  or  Frussi.  4.  (chem.) 
flux,  substance  which  aids  fusion  of 
other  bodies.  *As  adj.,  fleeting. 

Flutt-o  in.  (L.  fluctus,  <fluere,  v. 
Fluire);  wave.  Aff.  -uamdnto,  -uare, 
-uazione,  -uoso. 

Fluviale  (L.);  of  rivers.  *fig.  a- 
bundant. 

Foca/.  (L.  phoca,  <  Gr.  <^U>KT]) ;  seal. 

Focacc-iayi  (bit.  focacius,  cooked  on 
the  hearth,  <  L.  focus,  v.  Fuoco) ;  = 
Schiacciata,  bun.  Rendere  pan  per  — , 
to  give  as  good  as  one  gets.  Aff.  -fna, 
-iuola  dims. 

*  Focace ;  fiery. 

Focaia ;  Pietra  — ,  flint,  of  a  flint 
and  steel. 

Focaiublo;  I.  Terreno  — ,  flinty 
soil.  2.  as  sb.,  piece  of  wood  for  pro- 
ducing fire  by  friction.  3.  fireman. 

Focale;  as  E. 
*Focaneo;   (Tralcio)  — =  Nato  tra  due  bracci 
delia  vite,  v.   Focata. 

Focara  /. ;  a  sort  of  fire-shovel  used  by  workers 
in  wax. 

Focarello  m. ;  dim.  Foco. 
Focaretta  f. ;  small  fire-place. 
*Focariayl;  priest's  concubine. 
tFocarile  m. ;  =  Focolare,  fire-place. 

Focarino,  Focarolo  m. ;  fireman  in  an  alum- 
works. 

*  Focata  y?;  =  Tralcio  focaneo,  small  vine-sboot 
growing  between  two  others. 

Focatico  in. ;  hearth-tax. 

Focato  (for  Infocato);  I.  flame- 
coloured.  2.  red-hot. 

*Focattola-/;  =  Stiaccialina,  fiat  cake. 

F6ce  f.  (L.  faux,  v.  Fauci) ;  mouth 
of  a  river,  opening  of  a  valley,  or  of  a 
street,  into  another. 

Focea  f. ;  Phocis,  in  Greece. 

Focfcna/  (L.  phocaena);  porpoise. 

Foch-erellino  sub-dim.,  -erello  dim.,  -ettino 
tub-dim,  vezz.,  -e"tto  dim.  vezz.,  of  Foco.  *-ettolo, 
fire-place. 

Fochista  m. ;  i.  fireworks-maker. 
2.  stoker. 

Fociata  /  ;  long  valley,  gorge. 

•Focilc  m.  (v.  Fucile);  i.  =Acciarino,  steel  of  a 
flint  and  steel,  ii.  in  old  anatomy,  either  of  the  two 
bones  of  the  forearm,  or  of  the  leg  below  the  knee. 

*  Focin-ay^;=  Fucina,  smithy.     Aff.  -ola  dim. 

F6co,  Fu6co  m.  (L.  focus,  fire-place) ; 
i.  fire  ;  Metier  i  fochi  indietro,  to  bank 
the  fires,  push  the  burning  fuel  to  the 
after  end  of  the  furnace.  2.  (math.) 
focus.  3.  Stare  al  — ,  (mil.)  to  be  in 
the  fighting-ranks.  4.  of  wine,  strength, 
heat.  5.  in  pi.,  fireworks.  6.  —  sal- 
vatico,  (meti.)  rash.  7.  A  — ,  (mil.) 
(drill)  with  blank  cartridge.  8.  (Dire 


or  Fare)  cose  di  — ,  extraordinary  things. 
9.  Mettere  troppa  came  a  — ,  to  have 
too  many  irons  in  the  fire.  10.  (hot.) 
(a)  —  salvatico  or  di  S.  Antonio,  greater 
broom-rape,  v.  Erba  (72) ;  (b) 
de'  boschi,  toothwort,  v.  Brucia. 

Focolare  m. ;  fire-place.  *  =  For- 
nello,  oven. 

Focolfno  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  Foco. 

Foc6ne  ///. ;  i.  augm.  Foco.  2.  touch- 
hole  of  a  gun,  vent. 

Focos-o;  fiery.  Aff.  -amente,  -e"tto  dim.,  -mo 
diiri.  vezz. 

fFodarare;  =  Bastonare,  to  beat. 

F6der-a  (Fodra)/  (var.  of  Fodero) ; 
cover,  either  inside  or  out,  e.g.  pillow- 
case, lining  of  a  coat,  hat,  etc.,  copper 
sheathing  of  a  ship's  bottom,  zinc  lining 
to  a  chest,  wainscotting,  outer  cover  for 
a  valuable  book.  Ajf.  -accia  pegg. 

Foderaia  f. ;  opening  in  a  weir  for 
the  passage  of  a  timber-raft,  v.  Fodero. 

Foder-are  ind.  fodero;  i.  to  line  or 
to  cover,  v.  Fodera.  2.  —  le  parole, 
or  Parlar  -ato,  scherz.  to  repeat  one's 
words,  e.g.  Se  1'  avevo  visto,  se  1'  avevo. 
3.  —  il  bicchiere,  to  smear  one's  glass 
in  drinking.  4.  Avere  gli  occhi  -ati  di 
panno,  to  have  a  film  over  the  eyes, 
i.e.  not  to  know  good  from  bad.  5.  Occhi 
-ati  di  presciutto,  bleared,  lit.  lined 
ith  ham.  6.  -ato  di  lamiera,  sheathed 
n  iron,  i.e.  with  no  delicacy  of  feeling. 

*  i.  =  Fasciare,    to  tie   up.      ii.    -ato,   corpulent, 
fleshy. 

Foderat6re  m. ;  raftsman,  v.  Fo- 
dero (2). 

Foderatura/ ;  i.  lining.  2.  (mar.) 
sheathing. 

Foderina  / ;  dim.  vezz.  Fodera. 

Fbdero  (Fodro)  m. ;  i.  scabbard. 
2.  raft,  esp.  timbers  tied  into  a  raft  for 
transportation  down  a  stream,  as  in  the 
Valdarno.  3.  Rimetter  la  spada  nel  — , 
to  sheathe  the  sword  again,  i.e.  either 
(a)  to  leave  off  quarrelling,  or  (t>)  to  get 
out  of  an  undertaking,  or  stop  playing, 
without  either  gain  or  loss. 

*i.  fur  petticoat,  ii.  Mettere  il  —  in  bucato,  to 
be  crazy,  lit.  to  send  a  scabbard  to  the  wash.  iii.  = 
Vettovaglie.  iv.  =Tributo  di  sussistenze. 

Etym.  Gothic  fodr,  scabbard,  >mlt.  fodrum 
and  Ital.  fodro,  cf.  O.H.G./K0/ar(>Germ.  Putter, 
lining,  Futteral,  casing),  old  Fr.  forre,  sheath 
(>  Fr.  fourreau,  scabbard),  root  pa,  to  protect,  cp. 
Gr.  TriafjLa.  a  lid,  Sanskr.  patram,  receptacle,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Fur. 

There  is  another  Germanic  Fodr  (v.  Foraggio) 
to  which  Fodero,  in  the  sense  of  timber-raft,  is 
probably  akin,  the  raft  being  regarded  as  a  tied-up 
thing  like  a  bundle  of  forage.  This  second  jfodr  is 
also  no  doubt  the  source  of  *  Fodero  (iii)  and  (iv). 
Foder6ne  ;  =  Buscherone,  tremendous. 

*Fod-ina  f.;  quarry.  *-ire,  to  dig  (L.,  v. 
Fossa). 

*Fodr-a,  -are,  -o;  v.  Foder-. 

•f  Foen  m. ;  a  certain  south  wind  in  Switzerland 
chiefly  blowing  in  winter. 

F6ga  f.  (L.  fuga,  in  sense  of  swift- 
ness) ;  ardour. 

*Gittar  — ,  (wrtr.)=Prender  1'  abbrivo,  to  put  off. 

*  Fog-are  ;  i.  =  Fugare.    tii.  to  chase,    iii.  intr. 
to  flee.     iv.  -arsi  — Avventarsi. 

*Foggett-A_f.(dtm.  Foggia);  Vivano  le  berrette 
e  muorano  le  -e,  the  cry  of  the  upper  class  in  Florence 
against  the  lower,  Foggetta  meaning  the  cap  of  an 
artisan. 

F6gghi-o,  -a :  pop.  for  Fogli-o,  -a. 


F6ggia  f.  (prob.  a  corr.  of  Forgia 
which  in  the  Aretine  and  Siennese  dis- 
tricts is  used  in  the  sense  of  Foggia, 
v.  Forgia) ;  fashion,  mode. 

*  i.  sort.  ii.  either  the  whole  or  a  certain  part  of 
a  Cappuccio.  iii.  Cappuccio  a  — ,=  Cappuccio  a 
gote,  v.  *  Cappuccio  (i).  iv.  Di  mezza,  or  mezzana 
— ,  of  medium  size.  v.  Fare  le — ,  ^Sfoggiare. 

Foggiare  ind.  foggio  ;  to  fashion,  to 
frame. 

F6gli-a  /  (L.  folia,  pi.  of  folium  ; 
the  transition  from  a  L.  pi.  to  an  Ital. 
sing,  is  common,  cp.  Grana,  Spoglia. 
Folium  is  prob.  akin  to  flos,  cp.  Germ. 
Blatt,<O.U.G.  blat,  root  bhla,  to  de- 
velop, v.  Flato) ;  I.  leaf,  esp.  mulberry- 
leaf.  2.  A  —  a  — ,  =  A  parte  a  parte, 
bit  by  bit.  3.  Avere  strappata  la  — , 
of  lovers,  to  break  off  their  engagement, 
a  phrase  adapted  from  the  Gioco  del 
verde,  v.  Verde  (5).  4.  petal.  5.  Man- 
giar  la  — ,  to  see  what  a  person  is 
driving  at,  what  is  in  the  wind.  6.  foil, 
silvering  for  mirrors. 

7.  (bat.)  (a)  —  acquatica  di  Virginia,  Virginian 
waterleaf,  Hydrophyllum  firginicum ',  (&)  —  dorata, 
spotted  laurel,  A  ucuba  Japonica  ;  (c)  —  d'  oro,  West 
Indian  star-apple,  Cfirysophyllum  cainito ;  (d)  —  di 
merletto,  lace-leaf,  Oitvirandafenestralis,  of  Mada- 
gascar ;  (e)  —  vellutina,  velvet-leaf,  Tournefortia 
argentea,  of  the  East  Indies. 

*i.  =  Fronda,  Frasca,  leafy  bough,  ii.  (Avere, 
Rendere)  frasche  per  -e,  tit  for  tat.  iii.  La  —  delle 
parole,  the  literal,  superficial  meaning. 

Fogli-accia/,  pegg.  of  -a ;  -accio  m., 
Pegg-  °f  -o>  -iceo,  concerned  with 
leaves  ;  -ame  ;«.,  quantity  of  leaves  ; 
leafage  in  a  picture  ;  -ata  f.,  quantity 
wrapped  up  in  a  leaf. 

Fogli&tt-ayC;  i.  dim.  of -a.  2.  lamina 
of  gold  or  silver  used  in  mosaic.  3.  a 
variety  of  snuff  made  from  the  ribs  of 
tobacco-leaves.  4.  a  Roman  wine- 
measure,  the  quarter  of  a  Boccale.  Aff. 
-ina  dim. 

Fogli-6tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  of  -o.  2.  half 
a  folio  of  print,  usually  eight  pages. 

Fogli-na  / ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 

F6gl-io  m.  (L.,  v.  Folia);  i.  sheet 
of  paper  folded  in  two,  folio.  2.  Libro 
in-foglio,  folio-book.  3.  =Pagina,  page 
of  a  book  ;  Voltiamo  — ,  let  us  change 
the  subject.  4.  —  bianco,  carte  blanche; 
—  volante,  loose  sheet  of  paper. 
5.  written  acknowledgment  of  a  debt ; 
Fatemi  un  —  di  questo  che  vi  cedo, 
give  me  a  written  receipt  for  what  I  am 
lending  you ;  -  -  di  buon  inchiostro, 
receipt  in  regular  form.  6.  =  Fede,  cer- 
tificate. 7.  —  di  via,  licence  to  travel, 
a  sort  of  passport,  sometimes  including 
the  right  to  requisition  the  necessary 
means.  8.  paper-money.  9.  •  -  del 
ventaglio,  the  paper  or  other  covering 
of  the  ribs  of  a  fan.  10.  in  //.,  -i 
pubblici,  newspapers,  n.  A  —  a  — , 
distinctly,  with  minute  accuracy.  12.  — 
di  piallaccio,  or  di  rimesso,  veneer. 

Fogli-olinayl;  dim.  vezz.  of -a,  petal,  -olino 
m.\  dim.  vezz.  of  -o.  -dna/^;  augm.  of -a.  -6ne 
m. ;  augm.  of  -o.  -oso;  with  many  leaves.  *-r*I 
to  produce  leaves,  -uccia./;  dim.  of  -a.  -uccio 
m. ;  Him.  sprcg.  of  -o. 

F6gna  f.    (etym.  unkn.,  possibly  < 
bit.   **fundia,  <  L.  fundus,   like    Ver- 
32—2 


252 


FOGNARE— FONDO 


gogna,<verecu>idia);    i.  sewer,  drain. 

2.  hole  at  the  bottom  of  a  flower-pot. 

3.  pit  filled  with  stones  for  vine-roots. 

Fogn-are  ittd.  fogno;  i.  to  make 
drains  for.  2.  —  le  misure,  le  noci,  le 
castagne,  ecc.,  to  leave  spaces  so  as  to 
defraud  the  purchaser.  3.  to  slur  a 
letter,  to  drop  it  in  speaking. 

tof  a  snowstorm,  to  blow.     *part.  -ato  =  Doppio, 
crafty. 

tFognaru61ay?;  drainage-channel  for  vines. 

Fognatura/T;  vbsb.  of  Fognare. 
*Fogno  m.  ;  =  Fogna.     tsnowstorm. 

Fogn-61o  m. ;  gutter  at  the  side  of 
a  road.  -6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  -a. 

F6go  m.  (L.  faux,  throat,  cp.  Affo- 
gare)  ;  choking.  Far  — ,  to  stick  in 
the  throat. 

Fogonatura  / ;  (mar.}  mast-hole  in 
a  ship's  deck. 

F6ia  f.  (var.  either  of  Foga  or  else 
of  Furia) ;  itching  desire. 


*Foietta./;  an  old  liquid  measure. 

tFoion-co  or  -ico  m  ' -T-:— 

JFoi-6re  m.;  anger. 


tFoion-co  or  -ico  m.  (var.  of  Faina);  weasel. 
er.     *-oso;  lustful. 


F&la/  (contr.  of  Faula,  <  L.fabula)  ; 
idle  tale. 

F61ade  f.  (Gr.  ifioAas)  ;  date-shell,  Pholas. 
Foladfnay:(<W.),  feather-beds,  v.  Erba  (29). 

F61ag-a_/^  (L.  fulica,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
pelicha,  >  Germ.  Bdlch,  coot);  i.  —  or 
Folaga  comune,  coot,  Fulica  atra. 
2.  —  verdipiede,  =  Sciabica,  moorhen. 
Aff.  -he"tta  dim. 

Folar  m.  (Fr.  foulard,  of  unknown 
origin);  a  soft  untwilled  silk  handker- 
chief. 


^  ;  i.  gust  of  wind.  2.  flight 
(large  number)  of  birds.  3.  Lavorare 
a  -e,  to  work  by  fits  and  starts. 

Etym.  dub.  Apparently  a  fusion  from  more 
than  one  source,  viz.  L.  volata  (cp.  Fr.  volte),  It. 
folia,  crowd,  and  perhaps  L.  Jlattl. 

tFolaticay^;  =  Volatica,  transient  eruption. 

tFolbicio,  Forbicio  /«.;=Buscherio. 

*  Folcere,  Folcire  or  Fulcire  ind.  folcio,  pe  rf. 
folcii,  part,  folcito  or  folto  ;  the  part,  folto  is  still  in 
use,  v.  infra  (L.  fulcire,  to  prop,  also  to  trample, 
ram  down  tight,  akin  to  O.H.G.  balcho,  E.  baulk  of 
timber  ;  the  lit.  meaning  therefore  of  the  L.  word 
is  to  apply  timber  to,  either  by  propping  or  ramming)  ; 
i.  to  prop.  ii.  to  squee/.e.  O  spugna  nata  dove  '1 
mar  si  folce  !  ,  O  sponge  produced  in  the  depths  of 
the  sea  ! 

tF61cola./;  —  Folaga,  coot. 

•Fole;  =  Folle,  silly. 
Folena_/I;=Falena,  ash. 

Folgor-are  ind.  folgoro  (Fulgorare)  ; 
to  lighten,  -e  m.  ;  flash  of  lightning, 
thunderbolt,  -eggiare;  to  flash. 

Etym.  L.,  akin  to  flagrare,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Flagrant. 

Folgorite  JH.  ',  fulgurite,  tube  of  vitrified  sand 
occurring  in  loose  sand-hills,  prob.  due  to  lightning. 
*Fohca,  Folice,  Foliga  f.;  =  Folaga,  coot. 

F61io;  i.  In  —  ,  folio  (book),  v.  Foglio.  2.  As 
sb.  ,  Malabar  leaf,  from  the  tree  Cinnamomum  niti- 
dum,  the  leaves  of  which  yield  a  scented  oil. 

Fblla  f.  ;  crowd,  crush  of  people  or 
things. 

Etym.  Vbsb.  of  follare,  cp.  Fr.  foule,  fouler, 
Span.  folla,<\>\t.  folare  or  fullare,  to  press  cloth, 
cp.  \i.fullo,  a  fuller.  The  connections  of  fitllo  are 
with  the  whitening  done  by  the  fuller,  cp.  Gr. 
4>aAt}p<k,  white,  Kvfiara  (^aA^piowpTa,  waves  crested 
with  white  foam,  A.S.  bael,  funeral  pyre  (>E.  bale- 
fire), but  its  derivatives  depend  upon  the  fuller's 
pressing  operations. 

Follare  ind.  folio  (7'.  Folia);  i.  to 
full  (cloth),  to  press  the  fibres  together. 


2.  =Pigiare,    to   press    (grapes).      *to 
crowd. 

ti.  to  play  a  dirty  trick  upon.  ii.  —  un'  istanza, 
=  Rigettarla,  to  reject  it. 

Follata  / ;  pressing,  treading  out 
the  grease  from  skins. 

*  Follat oio  m. ;  grape-presser. 

Fbll-e  (Fole)  (bit.  follis,  v.  Folletto, 
and  Skeat,  sub  Fool) ;  i.  foolish,  crazy. 
2.  (mar.)  Puleggia  — ,  loose  pulley;  - 
sull1  asse,  loose  on  the  shaft. 

*i.  hardy,  bold,  D.  Inf.  19.  88.  ii.  =  Perverse, 
Malvagio,  sinful,  D.  Par.  22.  81.  iii.  prov.  A  barba 
—  (soft),  rasoio  molle,  i.e.  gentle  people  should  be 
gently  dealt  with.  As  sb. :  iv.  bellows,  v.  purse, 
bag. 

Aff.  -eggiamento,  -eggiare  ind.  folleggio,  to  play 
the  fool,  or  *  to  be  enraged,  -emente  adv. 

Folle'tto m.;  i.  sprite,  imp.  2.  impish 
person. 

Etym.  A  dim.  form,  akin  to  L.  follis.  Follis 
is  <  root  bhfl,  to  swell  out,  v.  Flato,  and  meant 
(i)  bellows,  (2)  air-ball,  (3)  puffed-out  cheeks, 
(4)  money-bag.  From  (3)  was  developed  \t\t.follus, 
foUis,>tr.  fou,  It.  folle,  silly;  from  (2),  from  the 
quick  motion  of  an  air-ball  to  and  fro,  came  bit. 
folletns,  Fr.  follet.  It.  folletto,  all  meaning  "  frisky 
sprite  " ;  and  from  (i)  and  (4)  It.  *folle  (iv)  and  (v). 

FolHa/  (It.  folle);  i.  folly.  2.= 
Pazzia,  insanity. 

Follicol-are ;  follicular.  -ato ;  shaped 
like  a  follicle.  -ite_/ ;  follicular  inflam- 
mation, -o  m.;  (hot.  or  anal.}  follicle. 

Etym.  L.,  dim.  of  follis,  bag,  v.  Folletto, 
etym. 

•Folio  m.  (I..,  v.  Folletto  etym.);  i.  bellows, 
ii.  pocket. 

*Follone  or  Fullone  m.  (L.  fullo,  v.  Folia 
etym.)',  dyer. 

tFolpo  m.;  (war.)  i.  —  di  ferro,  goose-neck,  a 
kind  of  shackle  allowing  for  the  play  of  the  boom, 
ii.  =  Ventrino  di  una  vela,  becket  for  the  bunt-jigger, 
iii.  =  Eledone  moschata,  a  species  of  octopus. 

F61t-0  (L.,  v.  Folcere) ;  thick,  close. 
*abundant.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -6zza.. 

Fom6nt-a,  pi.  -e  or  -a,/.',  fomenta- 
tion. 

Foment-are  ittd.  fomento  (L.,  v.  Fomite);  as 
E.  Aff.  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Fbmite  ;«. ;  i.  (poet.)  tinder.  2.  in- 
centive. 

Etym.  L.  fumes,  tinder,  for  **fovimes,<foveo, 
to  warm,  akin  to  favilla,  ash,  Sanskr,  dahas,  heat, 
Irish  daig,  fire;  root  dheg. 

*  Fonasco  m.  (Gr.);  voice-trainer. 
Fdnda./;;  (A)  holster.    *i.   sling,    ii.   pocket. 

iii.  wealth,  iv.  quarry,  mine.  v.  sling  for  suspend- 
ing a  horse  whose  leg  is  injured. 

Etym.  L.  funda,  v.  Fionda.  The  meaning 
"pocket"  seems  to  have  come  from/«Wrt  in  the  sense 
of  casting-net,  or  from  the  hollow  of  the  sling  where 
the  stone  is  laid,  as  it  were  a  pocket,  and  the  other 
meanings  followed  from  this. 

(B)  i.  =  Fondo,  depth.  2.  (mar.)  anchorage 
ground. 

*  Fondacaio  m. ;  draper. 

Fondaccio  ;//.  (pegg-  Fondo);  i.  = 
Fondata,  residue,  dregs,  remains,  i.fig. 
depths  of  one's  conscience.  3.  prov.  II 
— ,  o  bono  bono  o  accio  accio,  the 
youngest  child  will  be  either  the  best 
or  the  worst.  4.  at  Florence,  slum. 

Fondach6tto  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Fondaco, 

F6ndaco  m.  (Span,  fundago,  cp. 
Span,  alhondiga,  Portug.  alfandega,  < 
Arabic  alfandoq,  shop,  where  al  is  the 
article,  fandoq,  <  Gr.  •n-avSoKtov,  <  irav- 
SoKflov,  inn) ;  j.  draper's  shop.  2.  draper. 

*i.  provision-shop,  ii.  strangers' quarter,  iii.  ./££•. 
abundance. 

Fondament-ale;  as  E.  -are;  to  lay  founda- 
tions. 


Fondam6nt-o  m.,pl.  -\  m.,  or  mfig. 
usage  -a./.;  i.  foundation.  2.  Star 
male  a  -i,  to  be  ill-grounded,  badly 
educated.  3.  sound  basis ;  Non  es- 
serci  — ,  to  have  no  trustworthy  quality  ; 
Con  costui  non  c'  e  — ,  you  cannot 
depend  on  that  fellow ;  (Persona)  di  — , 
sound ;  Se  mi  metto  in  quell'  impresa 
fo  —  sopra  di  te,  if  I  join  I  shall  rely 
upon  you.  4.  scherz.  boots. 

*  i.  fundament,    ii.  =  Mezzo,  Soccorso.    iii.  founder. 

Fond-are  ind.  fondo  (A) ;  to  found ; 
Kagioni  -ate,  well-founded  arguments, 
-arsi  in,  to  depend  upon,  to  take  as  the 
foundation.  *(B);  to  sling,  v.  *Fonda 
(i). 

Fond-ata/;  dregs,  -atame'nte  adv. 
-atdre  m.,  -atrice  / ;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 
-azidne  / ;  as  E. 

Fondello  m. ;  i.  wad  of  a  cartridge. 
2.  •  -  misuratore,  pressure-gauge  in 
a  cannon.  3.  -  -  a  schiacciamento, 
crusher-gauge.  4.  the  part  of  an  in- 
jection syringe  where  the  tube  is  fitted. 

*i.  core  of  a  button,    ii.  part  of  a  pump.    iii.  mould 
for  a  cheese,     iv.  (hot.)  Medicago  orbiculata. 
Fondente  adj.  or  sb.;  (cliem.)  flux. 

F6ndere  per/,  fusi  fond^sti  fuse 
fonddmmo  fonde'ste  fusero,  part,  fuso, 
•fonduto  (L.fundere,  to  pour,  rootgheu, 
cp.  Gr.  x«'w>  for  xefu,  Gothic  giutan, 
O.H.G.  giozan,  >  Germ,  giessen,  v. 
Skeat,  su6  Gut,  Gush);  i.  to  melt. 
2.  to  cast  (bronze  statues,  etc.).  3.  to 
shade  off,  melt  one  colour  into  another. 

*i.  to  dissipate,  D.  Inf.  ii.  44.  ii. ^Divulgare, 
to  publish. 

Fonderia/ ;  foundry. 

Fonde'zza/ ;  depth. 

F6ndiar-io  ;  from  real  property. 
Libri  -i,  registers  of  title.  Tassa  -ia  or 
absol.  -ia,  land-tax.  Credito  — ,  loan 
secured  upon  land. 

Fondibile  ;  fusible. 

Fondigli-o,  -61o  m.  (dim.  <  L.  fim- 
dus) ;  lees,  sediment. 

Fondita  /;  — ,  or  Pezzo  di  — , 
casting. 

*  Fonditoio  ;«.;  =  Fonderia,  foundry. 

Fondit6re  m. ;  (A)  founder.     *  squanderer. 
*(B);  (7'.  Fionda)  =  Fromboliere,  sfinger. 

Fonditura  / ;  fusing. 
F6nd-o ;  (A)  adj.  (j>rob.  aphaeresis 
of  Profondo) ;  deep. 

(B)  sb.  m.  (L.  fundus,  cogn.  Gr. 
7rv0-/ir}v,  O.H.G.  bodam,>G^rm.  Boden ; 
A.S.  botm,  >  E.  bottom ;  Irish  bonn, 
sole  of  the  foot  ;  Sanskr.  budh-nas, 
bottom ;  root  budh,  prob,  an  extension 
of  6/tu,  to  be,  >  Sanskr.  bhu,  earth,  so 
that  the  orig.  meaning  is  "  ground 
where  plants  grow") ;  i.  bottom ;  Man- 
dare  a  — ,  to  sink  (a  ship).  2.  Alto 
— ,  shallow  (but  navigable);  Basso  — , 
shoal  (not  navigable).  3.  Bassi  -i  della 
societa,  the  dregs  of  society.  4.  Dar  — , 
(a)  to  anchor ;  (6)  Dar  —  a,  to  waste, 
squander.  5.  I  vagoni  da  — ,  the  last 
carriages.  6.  Arrivare  in  — ,  to  get  to 
the  end.  7.  Siamo  in  —  al  capitolo,  we 
are  at  the  end  of  the  chapter.  8.  (Stanze) 


FONDOLUTO— FORCELLUTO 


253 


di  — ,  furthest  from  the  door  of  the 
house  ;  Denti  di  — ,  back  teeth.  9.  ground 
floor  or  basement.  10.  In  un  —  di  letto, 
in  bed  with  a  long  illness  ;  In  un  —  di 
carcere,  suffering  a  long  term  of  im- 
prisonment, ii.  E  un  gran  —  questo, 
this  is  a  very  long  business.  12.  Non 
esserci  — ,  to  have  nothing  at  the  bottom 
of  it ;  Spendete  male  il  vostro  tempo  ; 
non  c]  e  — ,  you  are  wasting  your  time; 
this  business  has  nothing  in  it.  13.  A 
—  perduto,  permanently  invested.  14.  In 
— ,  at  the  end,  at  last ;  In  —  in  —  non 
e  colpa  vostra,  after  all  it  is  not  your 
fault.  15.  background  of  a  design  or 
picture.  1 6.  ground  colour.  17.  back  of 
the  stage  in  a  theatre.  18.  back  of  a 
piece  of  furniture ;  Le  altre  parti  son 
di  noce,  ma  il  —  e  d'  albero,  the  other 
parts  are  walnut,  but  the  back  is  made 
of  poplar.  19.  Articolo  di  — ,  leading 
article  of  a  newspaper.  20.  grounds, 
of  coffee,  etc.,  residues  of  a  sale.  21.  seat 
of  a  pair  of  trousers.  22.  farm,  regarded 
as  a  piece  of  property ;  Lati  -i,  v.  Lati- 
fondo.  23.  —  di  magazzino,  stock-in- 
trade  ;  -  -  di  cassa,  cash  in  hand. 
24.  fund  for  some  special  purpose, 
sometimes  with  a  preposition  under- 
stood, as  —  vedove  e  orfani,  fund  for 
widows  and  orphans.  25.  -i  publici, 
or  absol.  I  -i,  the  funds,  public  debt 
from  the  point  of  view  of  the  investor. 

26.  -i   segreti,   secret    service   money. 

27.  —  per  il  culto,  the  administration 
and  the  income  of  ecclesiastical  property 
held  by  the  State.     28.  —  vivo,  where 
water  is  running  smoothly  ;  —  morto, 
whirlpool.     29.  (mar.)  as  word  of  com- 
mand,   Fondo !    let    go    the    anchor ! 
30.    Rete  di  — ,  trawl. 

*i.  —  delle  reni,  =  Ano.  ii.  II  gran  — ,  (abbon- 
danza),  del  suo  spirito.  iii.  Cristiani  dl  — ,  (di 
fatto).  iv.  =  Intrigo,  Raggiro.  v.  =  Lastre  di  terra 
cotta  che  si  metton  nel  piano  del  forno.  vi.  Essere 
a  — ,  to  be  deep,  v.  Fondo  (A),  vii.  Questo  — , 
D.  Par.  30.  9,  for  the  Earth,  regarded  as  the  bottom 
or  centre  of  the  universe,  viii.  Dare  in  — ,  to  throw 
down  sediment. 

*Fondoluto;=Che  ha  g^ran  fondo. 
tFondua  f, ;   a  soft  kind  of  cheese  made  in 
Piedmont. 

tFondugliolo  in. ;  =  Fondigliolo,  lees. 
*Fondura_/I;  low  ground. 
Fondutay.;  fusion  in  a  crucible. 
Fonetic-o(Gr.);  phonetic.     Ajf.  -ame'nte. 
Foneticosimbolici   m.  pl.\    Egyptian  hiero- 
glyphics. 

*Fonfone  m. ;  dainty  morsel. 
*Fongia    (Fongea,     Sfongea)   f.    (L.    sfongia, 
sponge,  also  asparagus  roots) ;   asparagus  roots, 

F6nico(Gr.);  phonic,  relating  to  voice,  snow- 
ing how  a  vowel  is  to  be  sounded.  Centro  — ,  best 
position,  where  a  speaker  will  be  best  heard. 

Fonograf-ia_X  (Gr.);  i.  graphic  representation 
by  suitable  apparatus  of  the  motion  of  a  vibrating 
string.     2.   phonography,  shorthand.     Aff.  -ico. 
Fonbgrafo  m.  (Gr.);  phonograph. 
Fonolfte./;  (tnin.)  phonplite,  clinkstone. 
Fonolog-ia /.  (Gr.);  science  of  speech.    Ajf. 
-ico. 

Fonometr-ia(Gr.);  sound  measurement.  Aff. 
-ico,  -o. 

•Fontale  (It.  fonta,  for  fonte)  ;  original. 

Fontana/  (L.);  fountain. 

tFontanacci  m.  pl.\  ground  near  Pisa  with 
salt  springs. 

Fontan^lla/;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Fon- 
tana.  2.  (anat.)  as  E.,  the  unossified 
places  in  a  baby's  skull.  3.  —  della 
gola,  pit  of  the  throat.  4.  =  Cauterio, 
sore  made  by  caustics.  5.  (vet.)  - 


superiore,  the  hollow  in  a  cow  on  each 
side  of  the  back  ;  —  inferiore,  hollow 
near  the  udder. 

Fontani^re  m. ;  man  who  looks  after 
a  fountain. 

Fontan-fna  dim.,  -6ne  aitgm.,  of -a. 

F6nte  m.  (L.) ;  I.  spring.  2.  source. 
3.  font. 

FontebrandayC;  name  of  a  fountain  in  Siena. 
Fonti-cella  dim.,  -cina  dim.  vezz.,  of  Fonte. 
Fonticolo  m.\  sore  made  by  caustics,  issue. 

*  For  (for  Fnori) ;  without.    —  conto  alcuno,  with- 
out number,  innumerable.     — grado^Malgrado. 

Fora ;  —  Fuori.  E  andato  —  via,  he  is  gone  away. 
*i.  f.  pi.  of  Foro,  hole.  ii.  ist  or  3rd  cond.  of 
Essere,  q.v. 

Forabile  ;  adj.  of  Forare. 

Forabdsco  m. ;  —  Picchio,  wood-pecker.  *  =  Fic- 
canaso. 

Foracchi-are  ;  to  riddle  with  holes. 
Aff.  -atura. 

*Foraficchio  w/.;  =  Rompitesta,  Presuntuoso, 

Foraggi-amento  sb.,  -are  vi.,  -ere  forager; 
v.  -o. 

Foraggio  m. ;  I.  forage,  food  for 
horses.  2.  —  carnosa,  roots  used  as 
cattle  food. 

*i.  victuals,     ii.  in  pi.,  wads  of  hay  for  guns. 

Etym.  bit.  fodrum,  fodder,  cp.  Proveng.  foil- 
ratge,  Fr.  feurre,  straw,  foitrrage,  forage,  <  old  Fr. 
forre. 

Fodrum  is  from  a  double  Germanic  base  fodr, 
corresponding  to  which  there  are  two  stocks  of 
words.  Both  are  traceable  to  a  root  pa,  or  rather 
to  two  roots  pa  identical  in  form  but  probably  inde- 
pendent in  origin,  one  meaning  "  to  protect,"  v. 
Fodero,  and  the  other  "to  feed."  Thus  there  are 
two  identical  bit.  words,  fodrum,  one  of  which  means 
"sheath"  and  the  other  "fodder"  ;  for  other  deriva- 
tives Q{ fodrum,  fodder,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Feed,  Fodder, 
Food. 

*  Foraino  ;   i.   m.  =  Foraneo.     As  adj.  ii.  =  For- 
ense.     iii.   external. 

Foramacchie  »*.;  =  Re  di  macchia,  wren,  v. 
Re  (4). 

Foramare  m.',  (niar.)  buoy-rope  of  unusual 
length. 

Forame  in. ;  small  hole. 
*Foramello  *«.;  =  SaccenteIIo,  wiseacre. 

Foraneo  (mlt.  foraneus,  <  L.  foras, 
outside,  v.  Fuori)  ;  I.  Vicario  —  (eccL), 
suffragan.  2.  Vento  — ,  wind  blowing 
off  the  sea.  3.  Capo  — ,  headland 
running  a  long  way  out.  4.  Rada  -a, 
open  roadstead. 

*i.  external,     ii.  =  Forense. 

*  Forano  ;    i.  =  Foraneo.      ii.    3rd  pi.  cond.    of 
Essere,  q.v. 

Forapaglie  m.;  i.  =  Re  di  macchia,  wren,  v. 
Re  (4).  2.  sedge-warbler,  Sylvia  pkragmitis. 
3.  —  castagnolo,  Savi's  warbler,  Sylvia,  melatto- 
pogon.  4.  —  macchiettato,  grasshopper  warbler, 
Locustella  naevia,  also  termed  in  Ital.  Locustella. 
tForapiere  w.;  =  Cobite,  loach. 

For-are  ind.  f6ro  (L.,  root  bher,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Bore)  ;  to  bore,  to  drill. 
Aver  le  mani  -ate  (usu.  bucate),  to  be 
unable  to  take  care  of  money.  *Part. 
-ato,  -v.  Forato  in  loco. 

Forasacco  m. ;  (&>/.)  brome-grass,  also  termed 
Spigolina.  Species :  T.  —  de'  campi,  field  brome- 
grass,  Bromus  arvensi's,  also  termed  Ventolano. 

2.  —  sterile,  barren  brome-grass,  Bromus  sterilis, 
also  termed  Forasacco  doppio  rosso,  Orzo  salvatico. 

3.  —    peloso,    soft    brome-grass,    Bromus    mollis. 

4.  —  diritto,  upright  brome-grass,  Bromus  erectus. 

5.  —  gigantesco,  great  brome-grass,  Bromus  maxi- 
mus. 

tForasasse  or  Foras6cchi  ///.  ;  =  Cobite,  loach. 
Forasifepe  m. ;—  Re  di  macchia,  wren,  v.  Re  (4). 
fForastico  (It.  fora);  unsociable. 
Foratirra  m. ;  a  kind  of  dibble. 
Foratini  m. pi.;  paste  for  soup,  a  small  kind  of 
Cannelloni. 

*  Forato;  i.  dimpled  (chin),  ii.  Capo — ,  empty- 
headed,  iii.  —  (da  un  vizio),  infected,  iv.  Le  -e 
canne,  =  Zarnpogna,  bagpipe,  v.  As  sft.,  hole. 

Forat6io  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Accoratoio,  pig-knife. 
2.  driller,  for  horse-shoes.  *a  kind  of  stiletto  with 
an  eye  in  its  head. 


•Forbannuto  (old  Vr.forbanir);  banished. 

F6rbic-e/  (L  for/ex,  v.  Forfecchia); 

1.  in  //.,  scissors  or  shears,  -i  che  cu- 
ciono,  iron,  scissors  that  will  not  cut. 

2.  nippers  of  scorpions,  crabs  and  the 
like.     3.  Adoprar  le  -i,  fig.  to  speak  ill 
of.     4.  -i  fino  in  fondo !  -i  Ii !   -i !     Le 
son  -i !   said  of  an  obstinate  person  ; 
-i  Ii  !  diceva  quella  donna  coll'  acqua 
alia  gola,  e  quando  1'  acqua  la  ricoprl, 
faceva  -i  colle  mani ;  the  story  is  pro- 
verbial also  in  E.     5.   in  sing,  earwig, 
also  termed  Forfecchia. 

Forbice'tte  /  //.  ;  embroidery- 
scissors. 

*ForbiciayC;  i.  =  Forbici.    ii.  clipping  of  money. 

Forbiciata  f. ;  stroke  with  scissors 
or  mark  thereof. 

tForbi-cicchia  or  -cistia  f.;—  Forfecchia,  ear- 
wig. 

Forbicina  f.;  (tot.)  i.  —  pendente,  nodding 
bur-marigold,  Biiiens  cernua,  also  termed  Asteroide 
penzolo.  2.  —  di  acqua,  trifid  bur-marigold,  v. 
Canapa  d'  acqua. 

Forbicine  /  //. ;  dim.  vezz.  Forbici, 
scissors. 

tForbicio;  v.  Folbicio. 

Forbicidne  m. ;  augm.  Forbici, 
shears,  t  =  Nibbio,  kite. 

Forb-ire  ind.  -isco  (O.H.G.  forbian, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Furbish) ;  i.  to  wipe. 
2.  to  furbish.  3.  Stile  -ito,  faultless 
style.  Aff.  -itame"nte,  -ite"zza. 

*  Forbondo  ;  —  Furibondo. 

*  Forbottare  ;  i.  to  thrash,     ii.  fig.  to  abuse. 

Fdrca/  (L. furca);  I.  wooden  hay- 
fork, 11.  Forcone.  2.  pole  of  a  bullock- 
waggon.  3.  (mus.)  mark  in  a  piece  of 
music  for  the  flute,  showing  the  position 
of  the  three  principal  fingers.  4.  gallows. 
5.  fig.  or  scherz.  impertinent  boy.  6.  Far 
— ,  to  shirk  school.  7.  (mar.)  any  forked 
apparatus,  esp.  the  shears  used  in  dis- 
masting. 

Forcacc-io  m. ;  (mar.)  i.  crutch,  a 
support,  usually  an  iron  bar  with  a 
forked  top  in  which  a  spar,  etc.,  rests; 
Mezzo  — ,  small  crutch.  2.  in  pi.,  -i, 
certain  Y-shaped  timbers  used  in  the 
bow  and  the  stern  of  a  ship's  hull. 

tForcada  /? ;  =  Forcaccio,  crutch. 
tForcamelo  m. ;  (»mr.)=Scalmo,  futtock. 

Forcat-a/;  i.  fork-full,  quantity  of 
hay  picked  up  on  a  fork.  2.  blow  with 
a  hayfork.  3.  =  Inforcatura,  fork  of  the 
body.  4.  any  forked  rest  or  support. 
Aff.  -ella  dim. 

Forcato  in. ;  forked  vine-prop,  fi.  =  Forca. 
ii.  rochet  (fish),  v.  Peristedione. 

*  Force  or  Forciyi  //. ;  sync,  of  Forbici,  scissors. 

Forcella/  (dim.  Forca);  i.  forked 
stick.  2.  fork  of  a  tree,  place  where  the 
stem  forks.  3.  the  little  green  forked 
appendages  amongst  vine  leaves.  4.  pit 
of  the  stomach,  where  the  breast-bone 
and  ribs  make  a  sort  of  fork.  5.  i.q. 
Fontanella,  pit  of  the  throat.  6.  merry- 
thought of  a  chicken.  7.  =  Forcina, 
hair-pin.  8.  gouge,  grooved  chisel. 
9.  —  d'  articolazione,  fork-end,  slit. 

*i.  =  Fauci,  throat,     ii.  =Gruccia,  crutch. 
*Forcellettay:;  =  Forcatella,  small  fork-full. 
tForcellone  in. ;  dung-cart. 
*ForcelIuto;=Forcuto,  forked. 


254 


FORCHE— FORMICOLONE 


Forche;  =  Fuorche,  except. 
*Forchebene  ;;/.;=  Mariuolo,  rogue. 

*  Forcheggiare  ;  =  Biforcarsi,  to  fork. 

Forche'tt-a /  (dim.  Korea) ;  I.  fork; 
Mangiare  colla  —  del  battesimo,  or 
d'  Adamo,  i.e.  to  eat  with  the  fingers  ; 
Colazione  a,  or  in  — ,  dejeuner  cl  la 
fourchette,  meat  breakfast  or  lunch  ; 
Parlare  in  punta  di  — ,  i.e.  to  use  out-of- 
the-way  words.  2.  rest  for  firing  the 
old  muskets.  3.  (vet.}  a  part  of  a 
horse's  hoof. 

Ajf.  -ata,  i.  fork-full,  a.  blow  with  a  fork, 
•atina  dim.  of  -ata  (i),  -iera  fork-case,  -ina  I.  dim. 
vezz.  of  -a.  2.  =  Forcina,  hair-pin. 

Forch^tto  ;;/. ;  rod  with  two  iron 
prongs  at  the  end  for  hanging  or  taking 
down  things  which  are  high  up  ;  Com- 
prare  al  — ,  to  buy  reach-me-down 
clothes. 

Forchett61a  f.  ;  dim.  scherz.,  v. 
Forca  (5). 

Forchettdne  m. ;  carving-fork. 

Forchf  no  m. ;  a  sort  of  three-pronged 
pitch-fork. 

•Forchiudere;  71.  Fuorchiudere. 

*  Forcj  f.  pi. ;  v.  Force. 

t  Forciglidne  m. ;  —  Farciglione,  teal. 

Forcina  /  (dim.  F"orca) ;  hair-pin. 
*i.  =  Forchetta.  ii.  =  Fiocina,  gaff, 
iii.  forked  spear  as  mil.  weapon. 

Forcinella/!;  — Rondine,  swallow. 

Forcino  m. ;  forked  pole. 

Fdrcipe  m.  (L.,<formus,  hot,  v.  Forno,  +  the 
stem  of  capere,  to  seize,  referring  to  the  holding  of 
hot  iron);  forceps  (in  midwifery). 

F6rcola  f.  (dim,  Forca) ;  rowlock, 
usu.  Scalmiere. 

•Forcolo  m.\  pitchfork. 

tForconale  in.,  *Forconatura  f.',~  For- 
cella  (2),  fork. 

Forc6ne  m. ;  pitchfork,  the  same  as 
Forca  except  that  Forca  has  wooden 
prongs,  tfork  in  a  road. 

•Forcostumanza/i;  ill-behaviour. 
Forcuto;  forked. 

*  Forcuzza_/;  dim.  Forca. 

*  Fore ;  =  Fuori.     Fare  — ,  v.  Forfare. 

For&ns-e  (L.,  v.  Foro)  ;  juridical. 
As  s6.,  -i,  lawyers. 

Foreria,  Fureria/;  (;«//.)  quarter- 
master's offices,  v.  Foriere. 

*Fores-e  (bit.  forensis,<foris,  v.  Fuori);  sb.  or 
adj.  —  Contadino.  countryman.  Ajf.  -ozzo,  augm. 

Forest-a  /  (mlt.  faresttm,  sc.  silvam,  that 
lying  outside  the  walls  of  the  park,  not  fenced  in, 
</orist  out  of  doors);  as  E.  Aff.  -ale  adj.,  -aro 
ranger. 

Foresteria  f. ;  guest-rooms  in  a  monastery. 
*  i.  affectation  of  foreign  ways.  ii.  fact  of  being  a 
foreigner,  iii.  number  of  foreigners,  iv.  expenses 
of  entertaining  foreigners. 

Forestier-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of -e. 

Forestieraio  ;«. ;  monk  who  looks  after  the 
guests. 

Forestier-e  m.  (mlt.  foresterius,< 
L.  fort's,  v.  Fuori);  i.  foreigner,  v. 
Straniero.  2.  Camera  pei  -i,  visitors' 
room,  —  having  formerly  been  used 
in  sense  of  visitor,  guest. 

A_ff~.  -ino  Vfzz.,  -ismo  foreign  word,  -o  adj.,  -ume 
spreg.  foreign  trash. 

Forest-o  ;  (mar.)  Ancora  -a,  anchor  belonging 
to  another  ship. 

*i.  wild,  uninhabited.  ii.  wild,  uncivilised, 
iii.  =  Oscuro. 

*Foretan-o  w.;  =  Campagnuolo,  countryman. 
tPerchia  -a,  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sciarrano  (i). 

•Foretto  nt. ;  i.  dim.  Foro,  hole.  ii.  dimple, 
iii.  =  Lesina,  awl. 

•Forfare  perf.  forfeci,  part,  forfatto  (L.  foris, 


v.  Fuori,  +facert ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Forfeit) ;  i.  to  tres- 
pass, to  sin  ;  —  ad  uno,  to  injure  him.  ii.  to  deceive, 
iii.  in  fires,  part.  Forfante,  malefactor. 

*Forf-atto  nt.,  -atturay?;  misdeed. 

fForfe/;;=Disingranatore,  pointer  of  a  capstan. 

Forfe'cchia/  (L.  forficula,  dim.  of 
for/ex,  shears,  prob.  by  assimilation  < 
forpex,  tongs,  an  inversion  of  forceps  • 
for  forceps,  v.  Forcipe) ;  earwig,  Forfi- 
cula auricularia,  also  termed  Forbici. 

*  beard  cut  to  resemble  nippers. 
•Forfecchina  /;  dim.  *  Forfecchia. 
*Forficey!;=  Forbtce,  scissors. 

F6rfora/  (L.  furfur,  bran,  akin  to 
Gr.  xf/wr,  gravel,  A.S.  grindan,  >  E. 
grind,  root  gher,  to  grind)  ;  scurf. 

*  Forfore  m. ;  i.  =  Forfora.     ii.  =  Aggallato,  float- 
ing island,    iii.  light  sandy  soil. 

Forforoso  ;  scurfy.     *  friable. 
tF6rgia /.  (L.  fabrica,  v.    Fabbro  and    Skeat, 
sub  Forge);   i.    forge,     ii.  =  Foggia,  manner. 

Forgdne,    Frug6ne,    Furg6ne   m.  ; 

i.  furniture-van.     2.  travelling  carriage. 

Etym.  Fr.  fonrgon,  cogn.  Proven£.  furgiton, 
prob.  <  L.  furca,  fork,  because  the  shafts  in  this 
kind  of  waggon  were  joined  to  the  pole  (Littr6,  sub 
Fonrgon ;  Brachet,  however,  enters  it  etym.  unkn. 
v.  supra,  Forca,  no.  2). 

*Forgore  m.  ;=Folgore,  lightning. 
F6ri ;  v.  Fuori. 

Foriere,  Furifcre  m,  (Fr.  f  currier, 
<  mlt.  fodrarius,  <fodrum,  v.  Forag- 
gio) ;  (mil.)  quartermaster.  As  adj., 
Caporal  — ,  corporal  assisting  the 
quartermaster. 

*  i.  =  Vivandiere,  camp-follower,     ii.  =  Foriero. 

Fori&TO  (variant  of  Foriere,  since  the 
man  who  looks  after  the  supplies  has  to 
go  in  advance) ;  precursor. 

*  Forino  m. ;  i.  rod  grooved  at  the  top,  used  for 
examining  bales  without  undoing  them.     tii.   poma- 
tum-jar. 

Forlana ;  i>.  Furlana. 
Forlivise;  of  Forli. 

F6rm-a/  (L.,  prob.  akin  to  ferire, 
to  strike,  v.  Ferire,  cp.  Gr.  TVWOS  < 
TVTTTM)  ;  i.  form.  2.  (eccl.)  Le  -e  del 
sacramento,  the  words  with  which  it 
is  accompanied.  3.  mould,  for  a  cheese, 
pudding  or  the  like;  --  di  calzetta, 
stocking-frame  ;  -  -  di  cappello,  hat- 
block.  4.  in  //.,  stones  of  various  form, 
bedded  into  white  marble,  or  other 
stones,  Lavoro  di  — ,  work  set  in  this 
way.  5.  brick  made  out  of  sawdust, 
linseed,  etc.,  to  be  used  as  fuel.  6.  - 
di  scarpe,  shoe-last.  7.  euph.  for  the 
male  organs.  8.  (mar.)  (a)  in  ship- 
building ;  —  (senza  cartabono),  ribbon 
(with  no  bevelling) ;  (6)  harpin ;  - 
del  forte,  bilge  harpin  ;  (c)  —  della 
bocca,  cross-paul,  extreme  breadth  rib- 
bon ;  (d)  —  del  fondo,  floor  guide  ; 
(e)  —  a  scarpa,  dry  dock  with  sloping 
walls;  (f)  --  a  secco,  =  Bacino  di 
carenaggio,  graving  dock,  dry  dock ; 
(g)_  —  or  Stella,  di  una  nave,  sharpness, 
rising  of  the  ship's  floor  afore  and  abaft  ; 
(h)  —  di  stellatura,  cross-spale,  timber 
keeping  the  sides  of  a  wooden  vessel 
together  till  the  knees  are  fitted  and 
bolted  in  place. 

Form-abile ;  v.  -are. 
Formaggella/:;  crucible  stand. 

Formaggiaio  m. ;  cheesemonger. 

Formaggfno  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  For- 
maggio.  2.  in  pi.,  a  kind  of  cheese 


resembling  Ricotta,  made  in  very  small 
sizes  in  Lombardy. 

Formaggio  m.  (bit.  formaticum,  < 
formare,  to  mould) ;  cheese. 

Formaio  m.  •  last-maker,  for  shoes. 

Formal-e,  -ismo,  -ista,  -ita,  -m£nte;  as  E. 

Formalizzare  (a  Gallicism;  the  Fr.  « form- 
aliser  meant,  when  the  word  was  first  formed  in 
the  i6th  century,  to  look  into  the  exact  form  of  a 
thing,  hence  to  be  an  advocate  for  or  against  it, 
but  the  sense  of  advocacy  for  disappeared,  and 
the  expression  came  to  mean  to  be  angry ;  see  the 
quotations  in  •Littre',  esp.  "J'estime  grande  sim- 
plcsse  de  se  formaliser  [etre  jaloux]  sur  un  regard  ") ; 
to  surprise  disagreeably,  to  give  offence  to. 

*  i.  to  perceive  the  essential  character  of  a  thing, 
ii.  to  define,  to  formulate. 

Formanza  /.;  cloth  lining  to  shoes. 

Form-are  ind.  formo;  as  E.  Ajf.  -atamente 
in  due  form,  -atello  round  (writing),  -ativo,  -azione. 

Formato  >#.;=Sesto,  size  of  a  book, 
as  governed  by  the  number  of  times  its 
sheets  are  folded,  as  folio,  quarto,  octavo, 
etc. 

Formatdre  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Formare. 
2.  maker  of  plaster  casts.  3.  workman 
who  rough-hews  a  statue  for  the  sculp- 
tor. 

Formella/;  i.  hole  for  tree  planting. 
2.  in  //.,  marble  or  terra  cotta  tiles  for 
flooring.  3.  mount,  setting,  of  a  picture. 
4.  panel  of  a  wooden  ceiling.  5.  wind- 
gall  in  a  horse's  foot.  6.  in  pi.,  fuel- 
bricks  made  of  sawdust,  shavings,  or 
any  kind  of  combustible  residue.  7.  dim. 
Forma  (3). 

Formell-ame  in. ;  panelling,  -ato  ; 
panelled. 

Formellinay:;  dim.  Formella  (6). 
Form6ne  m. ;  (c/iem.)  marsh  gas. 
Form6nto   m. ;  =  Fermenlo,    yeast.      *  =  Fru- 
mento. 

Formentdne  m. ;  =  Granturco,  maize. 
Form-6tta  dim.,  -ettina  s tib-dim.,  v.  -3(3). 

Formica  /  (L.) ;  i.  ant.  2.  canker 
in  dogs'  ears  or  horses'  feet.  3.  in  //., 
(mar.)  ledge  of  sunken  rocks. 

*i.  (Essere,  or  Fare)  La  —  del  sorbo,  =il  formico- 
lone  di^  sorbo,  C'.  Formicolone.  ii.  Aver  la  —  a,  to 
feel  an  inclination  for.  iii.  erysipelas. 

Formicaio    m. ;     i.  =  Formicolaio. 

2.  =  Formica  (2). 

Formicaleo  or  Formicaleone  m. ;  ant-lion,  a 
South  African  species  of  dragon-fly,  Myrmeleon,  in 
its  grub  stage. 

Formic-hittay?;  dim.  -a.  -hiere  m.;  ant- 
eater,  Myrmecopkaga. 

Formicola  f. ;  pop.  for  Formica,  ant. 

Formicolaio  or  Formicaio  m.  ; 
i.  ant-hill.  2.  fig.  multitude,  swarm  ; 
Un  —  d'  ordini,  a  swarm  of  orders. 

3.  flower-pot  stand  with  a  groove  for 
water,  to  keep  away  ants. 

Formicolare  ind.  formicolo ;  i.  to 
swarm.  2.  — ,  or —  il  sangue,  to  tingle, 
to  feel  pins  and  needles  ;  Formicola  il 
sangue,  I  feel  pins  and  needles  ;  Mi 
formicola  (usu.  Mi  s'  e  informicolito) 
questo  piede,  I  have  got  pins  and 
needles  in  this  foot.  3.  of  the  pulse,  to 
beat  fast  and  feebly. 

Formicol-etta  or  -Ina  f. ;  dim.  of  -a. 
Formicol-fo  m.\  vbsb.  of -are. 

Formicoldne  or  Formicdne  m. ; 
tui^m.,  big  ant,  usu.  with  wings.  Essere 
or  Fare  il  —  di  sorbo  che  non  esce  per 


FORMICUCCIA— FORZA 


255 


bussare,  i.e.  to  be  patient  under  provo- 
cation. 

Formicucciayl;  dint.  Formica,  ant. 
Formidabil-e,  -ita,  -m£nte;   as  E.  (L.  for- 
tttido,  awe). 

*  Formidoloso ;  i.  timid,     ii.  formidable. 
Fdrmio  m.  (Gr.) ;  New  Zealand  flax,  Pfiormium 

tenajc,  or  its  fibre. 

F6rmolo  m.  ;  vessel  for  receiving 
molten  metal. 

Fonn6s-o  (L.) ;  beautiful.    Aff.  -ita. 

F6rmul-a,  Fdrmol-a/.  (L.),  -are  vb.,  -ario 
m.;  asE. 

tFornacchia/:;=Fornello(3). 

Fornace  m.  (L.  fornax,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Furnace);  i.  kiln, furnace.  2.  melon. 
foundry. 

Forna-c^lla  .or  -cetta  /;  i.  dim. 
Fornace.  2.  vessel  for  the  embers 
when  an  oven  has  been  sufficiently 
heated. 

Fqrnaciai-o  m.,  -a  /  ;  worker  in,  or 
proprietor  of  a  foundry,  lime-kiln,  etc. 

*Fornaciaro  »t. ;  i.  =  Fornaciato.  ii.  —  da 
bicchieri,  glass-manufacturer. 

Fornaciata  f. ;  charge  of  material 
for  a  Fornace. 

Fornac-fna/:,  -(no  m.,  dim.,  -i6ne  augm., 
of  -e. 

Forn-aiay:  of  -aio,  -alno  m.,  -aina/:,  Jim. 
vezz.  of  -aio,  -aia. 

Fornai-o  m.  ;  i.  baker  or  baker's 
shop.  2.  Assicurarsi  il  — ,  to  make  sure 
of  a  livelihood  ;  S'  e  assicurato  il  — ,  or 
il  pane,  i.e.  he  is  gone  to  prison.  3.  Farsi 
rincorrere  dal  — ,i.e.  not  to  pay  the  most 
necessary  debts.  4.  fc  com'  andare  per 
il  pane  dal  — ,  v.  Forno  (6).  Aff.  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

tFornaiudlo  >«.;  =  Saltimpalo,  stonechat. 

Fornarfna  f. ;  vezz.  scherz.  of  For- 
naia,  in  allusion  to  the  subject  of 
Raphael's  portrait. 

Fornata  f. ;  batch  of  loaves  for 
baking. 

tFornellare;  (war.)=  AfFrenellare,  to  tie  up  (an 
oar). 

Forn611-o  m.  (dim.  Forno) ;  I.  cook- 
ing-stove, camp-stove.  2.  chemist's 
furnace.  3.  (agric.)  pile  of  rubbish 
burnt  together  with  some  earth  to  be 
used  as  a  dressing,  v.  Rasiccia.  4.  bowl 
of  a  tobacco-pipe.  *  =  Piccola  mina. 
Aff.  -ino  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Fornic-are  ind.  fbrnico  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  su6 
Fornicate) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atorio, 
-azione. 

*  Fornice  f.  (L.  fornix,  root  dher,  cf.    Fermo, 
Forte);  i.  vault,     ii.  brothel. 

Fornimento  /«. ;  requisites.  *i.  ornament  of 
a  sword-hilt,  ii.  harness,  iii.  inner  margin  of  a 
book.  iv.  completion. 

*Forniment-uzzo  »/.;  dim.  -o  (ii). 

Forn-ire  ind.  -isco  (Q.H.G./rumiatt, 
to  provide,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Furnish) ;  to 
furnish,  to  equip. 

*i.  to  complete,  ii.  =StabiIire.  iii.  to  keep  (a 
promise),  iv.  to  set  a  guard  over.  v.  =  Appagare, 
to  satisfy,  vi.  to  prove  (a  statement),  vii.  to  de- 
sist, cease.  Molte  sonp  quelle  cose  per  le  quali  noi 
foruiamo  d'  esser  obbligati  a  colui  che  ci  benefico, 
there  are  many  things  which  acquit  us  of  all  obliga- 
tion to  a  benefactor. 

*Fornito  m. ;  provision. 
Forn-it6re  m.,  -itrice/.;  v.  -ire. 

Fornitura/  ;  contract  for  the  equip- 
ment or  provisioning  of  an  army  or  other 
public  service. 


F6rn-0  m.  (L.,  akin  to  E.  warm,  t'. 
Skeat,  sub  Furnace);  i.  oven.  2.  baker's 
shop.  3.  =  Fornata,  baking.  4.  (mil.) 
-  della  mina,  cavity  made  for  an 
explosive  charge.  5.  fig.  for  a  large 
mouth.  6.  £  come  andare  a  prendere 
il  pane  al  — ,  prov.  for  expressing  fixity 
of  price.  7.  Lingua  che  spazzerebbe 
sette  -i,  prov.  for  a  slanderous  tongue. 

8.  (mar.)  counter. 

*i.  Attaccarla  al  ciel  del  — ,  i.e.  to  curse  and 
swear,  ii.  Dir  cose  che  non  le  direbbe  una  bocca 
di  — ,  i.e.  to  make  incredible  statements,  iii.  Fare 
a'  sassi  pe'  -i,  to  do  what  is  very  silly,  lit.  to  get 
stones  for  the  ovens,  iv.  Mi  tempesta  i!  pan  nel  — , 
i.e.  things  go  wrong  with  me  when  it  seemed  im- 
possible; A  chi  e  disgraziato  gli  tempesta  nel  — ,  if 
a  man  is  unlucky  anything  may  go  wrong  with  him. 
v.  Ficcarsi  in  un  — ,  to  hide  oneself  for  shame. 

*  Fornora  ;  old/;  //.  of  Forno. 

*Fornuolo  m. ;  storm-lantern,  v.  Frugnolo. 
Esser  nel  — ,  to  be  deeply  in  love. 

F6ro  m.  (A)  (L.,  akin  to  fort's,  v. 
Fuori,  orig.  therefore,  open  court,  fore- 
court) ;  i.  forum.  2.  (leg.}  bar;  II  — 
toscano,  the  Tuscan  bar.  3.  —  interiore, 
court  of  conscience ;  —  esteriore,  legal 
standard  of  what  is  right  or  wrong. 

(B)  (v.  Forare) ;  hole,  tunnel. 

*i.  Prefetto  nel  divino  — ,  the  Pope,  D.  Par.  50. 
142.  ii.  —  delle  scene,  the  part  of  the  stage  opposite 
the  auditorium. 

*  Foro  (C);=Furono,  v.  Essere  (obsolete  forms). 

*  Forogiuliese  ;=Furlana. 

Fordncolo  ;  v.  Foruncolo. 

Foros&tta  /  (for  Foresetta,  vezz.  of 
Forese)  ;  country  girl. 

F6rr-a  /  (Germanic,  cp.  old  Fr. 
feurrc,  11.  Skeat,  sub  Furrow) ;  ravine, 
water-course.  Aff.  -ici'na  dim.,  -one 
augm. 

F6rse  (L.  for  sit,  contr.  offers  sit; 
for fors,  v.  Fortuna);  i.  perhaps;  Vedo 
la  cosa  molto  in  — ,  it  seems  to  me  very 
doubtful.  2.  —  Dio,  or  Forseddio,  the 
same  as  Forse,  and  more  energetic, 
indicating  the  contrary  ;  -  -  Dio  non 
gliel'  aveva  detto,  i.e.  most  assuredly  I 
told  him.  3.  -  — ,  expressive  of  little 
or  no  doubt ;  Se  avesse  dato  retta  a  me, 

—  non  gli  sarebbe  andata  cos!,  if  he 
had  listened  to  me,  it  strikes  me  this 
would  not  have  occurred.  4.  Questo  e 
il  coltello  che  ammazzo  Forse,  of  a  blunt 
knife. 

Forseche  or  Forse  che ;  possibly. 
Forseddfo  ;  v.  Forse  (2). 

Forsennat-o  (part,  of  *  Forsennare, 
<Fori,  Senno) ;  crazy.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Fbrte  (A)  (L.,  <old  L.  for  Ms,  root 
dhergh,  to  hold  fast,  cp.  Gr.  stem  drag 
in  8pao-o-ofi(u,  perf.  Sfdpaypm,  to  clutch, 
an  extension  from  root  dher ;  v.  Fermo) ; 
i.  strong,  hard,  severe,  arduous,  ener- 
getic. 2.  numerous.  3.  Un  generale 

—  di  sessantamila  soldati,  a  general  at 
the  head  of  sixty  thousand  men.  4.  sharp, 
strong-flavoured.     5.   Acqua  — ,  com- 
mercial nitric  acid.     6.    Barba  — ,  or 
Barbaforte,    horse-radish,    v.    Rafano. 
7.    Man  — ,  assistance;    Davano  man 

—  a'  ladri  perche  fuggissero,  they  as- 
sisted the  thieves  to  escape.     8.  Pietra 
— ,   a  hard   yellowish-grey   sandstone. 

9.  Terra  — ,  heavy  soil.     10.  Legna  — , 
hard  wood  ;  Carbon  — ,  charcoal  from 


hardwood,  n.  Grano  —  ,  =  Gran  duro, 
either  Triticum  turgidum,  or  mono- 
coccum,  v.  Grano  (3)  and  (6).  12.  Spirito 

—  ,  («)  =  Fr.    esprit  fort,  freethinker; 
(b)  mind  free  from  prejudices.     13.  Co- 
lore   —  ,   fast   colour.     14.    Tempo  —  , 
severe  weather. 

As  sb.  :  15.  forte,  strong  point. 
16.  (mil.)  fort.  17.  11  —  dell'  esercito, 
the  bulk  of  the  army.  18.  Far  —  ,  to 
assist,  v.  supra  (7).  19.  of  wine,  etc., 
acidity,  sourness.  20.  (shoem.)  stiffening 
piece  of  leather  at  the  back  of  the  shoe. 

A.sadv.:  21.  tightly,  strongly,  heavily, 
etc.  ;  Giocar  —  ,  to  play  high  ;  Mangiar 

—  ,  to  have  a  good  appetite  ;  Dormir  —  , 
to  sleep  soundly  ;  Parlar  —  ,  to  speak 
out. 


.  . 

Forteme'nte  adv.  ;  v.  Forte. 
*  Fort-erello  dim.  -e  (i).    *-eruzzo  dim.  -e  (4). 

Fort^to  m.  ;  dense  undergrowth  of 
shrubs. 

Fort-ettino  dim.  vezz.,  -etto  <frw.  ;  v.  -e. 

Fort^zza/;  I.  fortitude.  2.  fortress. 
3.  strengthening  piece,  padding,  in  a 
coat. 

*i.  strength,  ii.  Ricreare  in  —  ,  to  strengthen 
again,  iii.  act  of  power,  iv.  —  Difesa,  protection. 
v.  difficulty,  obscurity  (of  language),  vi.  sharpness, 
acidity. 

Fortezz-ina/!;  dim.  -3(3). 
Fort-fccio;  dim.  -6(4). 
*Forticella/:;  (bot.)  —  Acetosella,  sorrel. 

Fortific-abile,  -are,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atdrio, 
-azi6ne;  as  E. 

Fortigno  ;  =  Forticcio,  sour.  Also 
as  sb. 

Fortilfzio  m.  -.  minor  fortress,  re- 
doubt. 

Fortfno  m.  ;  minor  fort. 
Fortore  ;«.  ;  sour  smell. 

Fortdri  m.  pi.  ;  sourness  in  the 
mouth  and  breath. 

Fortuit-o,  -amente;  as  E. 

Fortume  m.  ;  strongly  flavoured 
food. 

Fortun-a/  (L.,  akin  to  fors,  chance, 
ferre,  to  bring,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fortune)  ; 
i.  fortune.  2.  —  e  dormi,  v.  Dormire. 
3.  (mar.)  storm  ;  Far  —  ,  of  the  sea,  to 
be  rough.  4.  —  di  mare,  all  accidents 
not  arising  from  neglect  ;  Prova  di  —  , 
extended  protest,  captain's  protest,  v. 
Protesto. 

*i.  condition,  status,  ii.  opportunity,  iii.  mis- 
fortune. iv.  =  Fprca,  impertinent  boy.  v,  (Correr) 
—  =  Pericolo,  risk.  vi.  Delia  —  =  Straordinario. 
vii.  —  maggiore,  a  geomantic  figure  in  form  :  :  •• 
referred  to  at  D.  Purg.  iq.  4. 

Aff.  -accia  pcgg.,  -ale,  i.q.  -a  (3),  -are  vb.  , 
-atamente,  -ato,  -ona,  -oso  storm-tossed. 

*Forturayl;=  Fortezza,  fortress. 

*Fortuzzo;  dim.  Forte,  sharp,  acid. 

Foruncolo  or  Fordncolo  m.  (L.)  ; 
=  Fignolo,  boil.  *in  pi.,  chessmen. 

Forviare  ind.  forvi'o  (It.  fori,  via); 
to  stray. 


* Forvici /. //.;=  Forbici,  scissors. 

gfia  ;  =  Fuorvoglia,  unwillingly. 


*  Forvogfi 


F6rz-a  /  (bit.  fortia,  <  L.  fortis,  v. 
Forte);  i.  force.  2.  in  pi.,  gymnastic 
exhibition. 

Aff.  -aiolo  gymnast,  -are  vb.,  -ata- 
me'nte,  -ato  convict,  -atore,  = -aiolo. 


256 


FORZERINAIO— FRANCHEGGIARE 


*Forzerinaio  in. ',  safe-manufacturer. 


Forzie'r-e  m.  ;  strong-box.  Aff.  -dtto, 
-fno  dims.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Forzi6ri ;  A- — ,  under  compulsion. 
*Forzore;    i.    in.  =  Fortore.     ii.    Mio  — ,  one 
stronger  than  me. 

Forz6s-0  ;  i .  Corso  — ,  forced  cur- 
rency (of  paper  money).  2.  in  the  prov., 
Uomo  peloso  uomo  — ,  =  Gagliardo, 
robust.  3.  Circostanza  -a,  imperative 
circumstance. 

Forzuto ;  powerful. 

Foscbia  /  ;  haze,  mist. 

*  FoscinayC;  =  Fiocina,  gaff. 

F&SC-O  (L.  fuscus,  <  **fnrg-scos, 
akin  to  funtus,  b\a.ck,<**furff-uos; 
the  stem  is  akin  to  A.S.  deorc,~>~E.. 
dark);  i.  gloomy.  2.  hazy.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Fosf-ato  in. ;  phosphate,  -oreggiare 
ind.  fosfordggio  ;  to  phosphoresce, 
-orescfcnte,  -orescenza,  -orico,  -oro, 
-oroso ;  as  E. 

F6ss-a/  (L.,<fossus,  for  **fotftus, 
part,  of  fodio,  to  dig,  root  badh,  to 
excavate,  cp.  Gr.  fiodpos,  pit,  Sanskr. 
,nm-Mdha,  dug  out,  the  opposite  of 
ni-bMha,  dug  in,  buried);  i.  ditch. 
2.  fig.  hollow  in  the  face,  e.g.  from 
illness.  3.  pit,  for  storing  roots,  etc. 
4.  grave.  5.  the  circles  in  Dante's 
Inferno.  6.  (Daniele)  nella  —  de'  leoni, 
in  the  lion's  den.  7.  (anal.)  fossa. 
Aff.  -acc\a.  pegg. 

Fossacciow. ;  i.  pegg.  Fosso.  2.= 
Spioncello,  red-throated  pipit. 

Fossai61o  m. ;  ditcher,  one  who  at- 
tends to  the  ditches  by  the  sides  of  a 
road. 

Fossai6ne  m. ;  i.q.  Fossaccio  (2). 

Foss-arella,  i.f.  -erella,  -arello,  i.y.  -atello, 
-atello  dim.  of -ato,  -ato  brook,  -erella  or  -erello 
dim.  of  -a,  -etta  i.  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.  2.  dimple, 
-ettina  dim.  of  -etta  (2),  -ettino  dim.  of  -etto, 
-etto  dim.  of  -o,  -icella  or  -icina  dims.  wzz.  of 
-a  -iciattolo  dim.  feff.  of  -o,  -icino  or  -icillo 
dim.  of  -o,  -ile  -ilizzare  -ilizzazi6ne  as  E.,  -ina 
dim.  of -a,  -ino  dim.  of -o. 
tF6ssinay:;  =  Fiocina,  gaff. 

F6sso  in.  (var.  of  Fossa) ;  i .  ditch, 
larger  than  Fossa.  2.  --  macinante, 
mill-stream.  3.  Esser  a  cavallo  al  — , 
to  be  astride  of  the  ditch,  i.e.  ready  to 
move  in  either  direction  as  may  be  best, 
to  be  master  of  the  situation.  4.  Una 
addosso  e  una  al  — ,  with  one  shirt  on 
and  the  other  at  the  wash,  i.e.  very  poor. 

Foss-ona  f. ;  augm.  -a.  -6ne  m.  -, 
augm.  -o. 

Foto-grafare  ind.  fotografo,  vb. ;  -grafia 
photography,  photograph  or  photographer's  shop ; 
-graficamente,  -grafico,  -grafo,  -litografia, 
-metria,  -metrico,  -metro  as  E. ;  -scultura, 
sculpture  aided  by  photography. 

F6tt-ere  (T..  fututre);  the  act  of  the  male. 
Baron  -uto,  or  Baron  coll'  effe,  vulgar  expression  for 
an  utter  scoundrel. 

Fottivento  ;«. ;  i.  — Nottolone,  niglit-jar  (bird). 
2.  =  Lecchino,  fop. 

Foziano;  (eccl.)  follower  of  Photius  (ninth 
century),  author  of  the  Greek  schism. 

Fra  (A) ;  (aphaeresis  of  L.  infra, 
which,  together  with  inferus,  is  akin  to 
Sanskr.  adharas,  the  under,  lower, 
Gothic  undar,  Germ,  unter,  A.  S.  and 
E.  under)  between,  among.  Parlare  — 


se,  to  talk  to  oneself.  -  le  due  terre, 
just  under  the  surface  of  the  ground. 
-  '1  sonno,  half  asleep.  -  due  giorni, 
within  two  days.  —  poco,  after  a  short 
time.  Di  — ,  from  among. 

K3T  Fra  is  synonymous  with  Tra,  the  use  of  the 
two  words  being  guided  purely  by  euphony. 

(B) ;  short  for  Frate,  friar. 
tFrac  in. ;  (;«ir.)=Martingala. 
tFracasciare;=  Fracassare,  to  smash. 
tFracascio  m. ;=Fracasso,  large  quantity. 
Fracassa  in. ;  II  — ,  or  I!  capitan  — ,  boaster. 
Fracass-are;  to  smash.     Ajj.  -ame'nto,  -lo. 
Etym.     L.  (in)fra,  qvassare  frtq.  of  quafere, 
to  shake,  cf.  L.  interrumptn,  <  inter,  among,  and 
rumpi-re,  to  break. 

FracaSSO  m. ;  I.  uproar;  Far  — ,  of 
a  book  or  person,  to  make  a  great  noise, 
attract  wide  attention.  2.  damage,  as 
of  an  outbreak  of  cholera.  3.  great 
quantity,  abundance. 

Fracass-6ne  m.,  -6na  f. ;  clumsy 
person,  one  who  smashes  things.  -6so 
adj.  of  -o. 

Fracche  m.  (Fr.,  <  Germ.  Frack,  < 
O.H.G.  hrock,  coat)  ;  tail-coat. 

•Fraccurado  (~  Fra  Corradp) ;  i.  marionette 
without  feet,  fixed  on  a  pole.  ii.  in  //.,  games  with 
such  marionettes. 

*Fracellare;=Sfragellare,  to  smash. 

*  Fracidare;  i.  to  go  rotten,    ii.  tr.  to  bore,  vex. 

Fracid-o  (L.,  akin  to  marceo,  v. 
Marcio)  ;  =  Fradicio. 

*  i.  sour  (wine),    ii.  slanderous  (tongue).    Hi.  Dire 
—  a   uno,   to   bring   him   bad   luck.      iv.    tired   of. 
v.    Alia  pifi  -a,  at  the  worst.     Aff.  -iccio  dim. 

"Fracidume  m.\  i.  tiresome  bore.  ii.  corrup- 
tion, rottenness. 

t  Fraco  m. ;  strong  smell,  v.  Fragore  (B). 

Fradici-0  (metathesis  of  Fracido) ; 
i.  wet,  esp.  from  rain.  2.  expressing 
emphasis,  Briaco  — ,  dead  drunk  ; 
Innamorato  — ,  deeply  in  love.  3.  of 
fruit,  half  rotten,  a  stage  between  Mezzo, 
soft,  and  Marcio,  rotten.  4.  Fra'  di- 
ciotto  e'  diciannove  c'  £  la  festa  a  San 
Marcello,  a  play  upon  words  alluding 
to  one  who  is  consumptive.  5.  (Societh) 
-a,  rotten,  corrupt. 

As  sb. :  6.  wet,  wetness.  7.  fig. 
rottenness,  e.g.  of  society  or  of  a  govern- 
ment. 

Fradiciume ///. ;  i.  immense  amount 
of  wet.  2.  clothes,  etc.,  soaked  with 
rain.  3.  fig.,  v.  Fradicio  (7). 

*  Fraffazio ;  v.  Fazio. 

t  Frag-a/^;=Fragola,  strawberry.     Aff.  -anella 

*  Fragellare  ;    i.  =  Flagellare,   to    whip.      ii.  = 
Sfragellare,  to  smash. 

Fraggir-acolo  (Fragir-)  m. ;  nettle-tree,  v. 
Bagolaro. 

Fragil-e,  -ita,  -mente  (L.);  as  E. 

Fragiracolo ;  v.  Fraggiracolo. 
*Fragizio  m.;=  Flagizio,  wickedness. 
•Fraglia./;  confraternity. 

Fragol-a  m  pop.  Fravola/  (dim.,  < 
stem  of  L.  fragum) ;  strawberry,  Fra- 
garia  vesca.  Voglia  delle  -e,  strawberry- 
mark  as  birth-mark.  Piovere  lo  zucchero 
sulle  -e,  or  il  cacio  su'  maccheroni,  i.e. 
to  happen  exactly  as  one  would  wish. 
Aff.  -aia  or  -dto  strawberry-bed. 

Fragolino  or  po/>.  Travolino  m.  (It.  fragola, 
from  the  colour) ;  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  Pagello  (2). 

Frag6r-e  m.  (A)  (L.,  ».  Frangere) ;  crub, 
roar.  *^B) ;  fragrance.  Aff.  -\ofreg.  sb.,  -usa- 
mente,  -oso. 

Fragr-ante,  -anza  (I,.,  it.  Bracco);  as  K. 

Fraintendere ;  =  Frantendere,  to  misunder- 
stand. 


tFraiii  »;.;=  Fragolino,  sea-bream. 

Fral-e  (Fraile)  (L.  /ragilis) ;  frail.  Aff. 
-ezza. 

*  Frambellay^;=Fiammella,  v.  I-iamma. 
Framboe  m.  (Fr.);  raspberry,  lisa.  Lampone. 
Framboesia  /    (Fr.   fr.imboise,    raspberry); 

yaws,  a  tropical  skin  disease,  yaw  being  an  African 
word  for  raspberry. 

*  Framea  f. ',  Frankish  lance. 

Fram-  or  Framm-escolare  ind.  -ds- 
colo  ;  to  mix  up. 

Framezzare  ind.  framezzo  ;  to  inter- 
mingle. 

Framezzo  ;  among. 

Frammass6n-e    or    Mass6ne    m. ; 

1.  freemason.     2.  infidel.     Aff.  -erfa. 

Etym.  Fr.  franc-mafon,  where  mafon  (=  It. 
massone)  is  <  mlt.  inai-ic,  a  ->tir.  of  matio,  <  the 
O.H.G.  root  mat,  to  cut,  cf.  O.H.G.  mezzo,  mason, 
>  Germ.  Steinmttz,  stone-mason,  E.  mat-lock ;  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Mason. 

Framm&nt-o  m.  (L.);  fragment. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim. 

Framme'sso  m.  •  interlude. 

Framm^ttere  (conjug.  as  Mettere) ; 
to  interpose. 

Frammiscb.iare  ;  i.q.  Framescolare, 
to  mix  up. 

Frammisto  ;  intermixed. 

Fran-a./;    i.    landslip,  falling  in. 

2.  precipitous  hillside  where  landslips 
have  occurred  or  are  likely  to  occur. 
*bog.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -are. 

Etym.  dub.  Two  suggestions  are  forthcoming, 
(i)  by  \)\n,<L.fra.fmina,>"frnnin,  which,  how- 
ever, should  have  given  Franna,  (j)  by  Flechia, 
<  L.  voraginem, 

Francabile  ;  transmissible  by  post. 

Francaccio ;«. ;  i .  pegg.  Franco  ( 1 1 ). 
2.  fig.  =  Svelto. 

Francagi6ne  / ;  exemption. 

Franc-am6nte  ;  adv.  of  -o. 

Franc-are;  i.  to  put  postage-stamps 
on.  2.  to  prepay  carriage.  3.  --la 
spesa,  to  be  worth  while.  4.  fig.  to  re- 
lease. Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura,  -azione. 


FranceSata  /;  piece  of  French 
braggadocio. 

*Francesato;  suffering  from  syphilis. 

Francesca ;  name  of  a  green  dessert-apple. 
*  Frankisli  battle-axe. 

Francescano ;  Franciscan.  *As  so.,  battle- 
axe. 

Franceschino  m. ;  an  old  Tuscan  coin  = 
2.80  lire. 

Francesco  m. ;  i.  Francis  ;  II  cavallo 
di  San  — ,  (a)  walking-stick,  (6)  one's 
own  legs.  2.  —  mio,  a  cry  to  imitate 
a  chaffinch.  As  adj. :  3.  Melo  — ,  v. 
Francesca.  *  French. 

Francesc6ne  m. ;  an  old  Tuscan  coin  =  5.60  lire. 

France's-e ;  i.  French.  2.  Mai  — , 
syphilis.  3.  Andarsene  alia  — ,  to  leave 
a  party  without  saluting  anyone  but 
the  hostess.  Aff.  -eggiare  ind.  -e"ggio, 
-eme'nte. 

Francesino  m. ;  small  salted  loaf. 

Frances-ismo  »i. ;  Gallicism,  -ume 
m. ;  stupid  Gallicism. 

Francheggiare  ind.  franche"ggio ; 
i.  to  give  confidence  to.  2.  to  en- 
courage. *to  set  free. 


FRANCHENIA— FRASSINO 


257 


Franchenia./;  (bot.)  sea-heath,  Frankenia. 

Franch^zza/ ;  TJ.  Franco. 
Franchlgia/;  i. exemption.  2.  right 
to  frank  letters.     3.  legal  privilege. 

*  i.  asylum  from  arrest,    ii.  =  Ardimento,  boldness. 

Franchfno  in.;  dim.  vczz.  Franco. 

FranciayC;  France.  Aver  fatto  quanto  Carlo 
in  — ,  v.  Carlo. 

*Francic-o;  Lingua -a,  German. 
•Francioso;  French. 

Franclin  in. ;  a  stove  named  after  B.  Franklin. 

Franc-o  m.  (from  the  name  of  the 
German  tribe,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Frank) ; 
i.  Frank.  2.  franc.  3.  —  muratore, 
or  Frammassone,  freemason.  As  adj. : 
4,  free  from  tolls.  5.  Punti  -hi, 
bonded  warehouses.  6.  Campo  — ,  v. 
Campo  (3).  7.  carriage  paid.  8.  safe 
out  of  a  difficulty.  9.  free,  ready ; 
Non  e  molto  —  nella  musica,  he  is  no 
great  performer.  10.  frank  in  speaking. 
II.  Un  ragazzo  — ,  una  signora  -a,  too 
free,  over  bold.  12.  Fare  il  — ,  pre- 
tending to  feel  confident;  Farsi  — , 
(<z)  =  Farsi  animoso,  to  cheer  up,  (b)  to 
acquire  readiness,  e.g.  in  writing  a 
foreign  language,  (c)  to  take  the  liberty 
of ;  Farla  -a,  to  get  off  free  (from  the 
consequences  of  a  fault).  13.  Lingua 
-a,  a  mixed  jargon,  largely  Italian,  used 
by  Westerns  in  intercourse  with  Arabs, 
Moors  and  other  Easterns  in  the  Medi- 
terranean ;  see  also  below  *(i). 

*i.  Lingua  -a,  German,  ii.  of  gentle  birth, 
iii.  sync,  for  Francato.  tiv.  firm,  steady,  v.  (wine) 
without  water  added. 

Francob611o  ;«.,  pi.  Francobolli, 
sometimes  Franchibolli  (v.  Bolla)  ; 
postage-stamp. 

Francofbrte  / ;  Frankfort. 

Franeogallic-o  ;  Scrittura  -a,  of  the 
date  of  the  Merovingian  kings,  very 
small  writing  and  with  many  abbrevia- 
tions. 

Francollno  ///.  (supposed  to  have 
been  so  named  from  the  bird  having  at 
one  time  been  protected  on  account  of 
its  rarity);  i.  —  or  —  degli  Italiani, 
francolin,  a  species  of  grouse,  Franco- 
Units  vulgaris,  also  termed  Franguel- 
lina.  2.  — di  monte,  heath-cock,  Tetrao 
bonasia,  also  termed  Bonasia  in  Italian. 
3.  =Roncaso,  ptarmigan. 

Franc6ne  ;  augm.  Franco  (2)  and  (11). 
Francuccio  ;  dim.  Franco  (2)  and  (i  i). 
tFrandugiare  (It.  fra,  indugiare);  to  delay. 

Frangente  in.  •  i.  difficulty.  2.  in 
pi.,  (mar.)  breakers. 

Frangere  per/,  fransi,  part,  franto 
(L.,  root  bhreg,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Break) ; 

1.  to  crush  (olives).    2.  (poet.)  to  break. 

Frang-dtta,  -ettina ;  dim.,  sub-dim., 
of  -ia. 

Frailgia/  (Yr. /range,  <  L.fimbria, 
akin  to  fibra,  v.  Fibra,  cp.  Wallachian 
frimbie);  fringe. 

Frangiii-o  m.,  -a/  ;  i.  fringe-maker. 

2.  one  who  improves  upon  a  story,  adds 
details  to  it. 

Frangiatura  /;  i.  fringes,  as  a 
whole.  2.  >=Penero. 

H. 


Frangibil-e;  breakable.     AJf.  -ita. 
*Frangicupola  w.;  =  Rompicapo,  bore. 

Frangi-flutti  in. ;  i.q.  -onde.  -olfnayl;  dim. 
vezz.  of  -a.  -6nde  m. ;  break-water. 

Frangi-6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  -a.   2.  =  Frangiaio(2). 

Frangipane  m.  (from  the  name  of  its  inventor) ; 
frangipaue,  a  perfume. 

Frangipania  f.\  (/W.)  West  Indian  nosegay 
tree,  Plitmieriti. 

*  Frangisedere  /;/.;  =  Importuno,  bore. 
Frangiturayl;  vbsb.  of  Frangere  (i). 
Frangi-ucciayl;  dim.  spreg.  of -a. 
Frangola/';  (hot.)  alder  buckthorn,  Rhtini'iris 

frangula,    also    termed    Alno    nero,    Spin    cervino 
minore. 

FranguellfnayT;  —  Francolino  (i). 
*Frannonnolo  m. ;  silly  old  man. 
Franoso;  v.  Frana. 

Frante'ndere,  Fraintendere,  conjug. 
as  Intendere ;  to  misunderstand. 

Franto  ;  part.  Frangere. 

Frantoiano  ;;/. ;  workman  on  an 
oil-press. 

Frantdio  m.  (It.  frangere);  olive- 
press,  oil-press. 

Frantum-are ;  to  break  with  a  com- 
minuted fracture,  -arsi,  to  break  into 
bits,  -i  m.  pi. ;  bits. 

Frantura  /  ;  i.  =  Frangitura.  2. 
small  piece  of  a  thing.  3.  charge  of 
olives  for  the  press. 

*  Franzese  \—  Krancese,  French. 
tFraolayI;  =  Fravola,  strawberry. 

*  Fraore  m. :  fragrance. 

Frappa/. ;  (paint.)  foliage  executed 
so  as  to  show  the  kind  of  tree  intended. 

*i.  lappet,  ii.  by  ext.,  finery,  generally,  iii.  Una 
— =Nulla. 

Etyin.  unfiH.  Prob.  either<O.H.G.  krapfia, 
hook,  or  Low  G.  Jlaf,  a  blow;  in  either  case  the 
primary  meaning  is  that  of  lappet. 

*Frappamondo  m. ;  =  Gabbamondo,  sharper. 

Frapp-are  ;  to  paint  foliage,  v.  -a. 

*i.  to  cut  up.  ii.  to  make  fringes,  iii.  to  cheat, 
iv.  part,  -ato,  slashed  (clothes).  Aff.  **atore,  *.atura. 

Frappeggiare  ind.  frappdggio;  to 
paint  foliage,  v.  Frappare. 

Frappoco  or  Fra  poco  ;  shortly. 

*  Frapponeria  y^;-Ciance,  Frange. 

Frapp6rre,  conjug.  as  Porre;  to 
interpose. 

Frapposizibne/;  interposition.  *in- 
version  of  meaning. 
*Fraprendere ;  to  mistake. 

Fras-accia  /,  pegg.  -e.  -ario  m. ; 
collection  of  phrases. 

Fras-ca/ ;  I.  branch,  usu.  of  under- 
wood ;  Far  le  -che,  to  cut  branches,  e.g. 
for  peas  to  climb  on  ;  Saltar  di  palo  in 
—  i  fig-  to  jump  about,  in  argument; 
Stare  come  1'  uccello  sulla  — ,  i.e.  to  be 
uncertain  as  to  what  is  going  to  happen  ; 
Chi  s'  impiccia  colle  -che,  la  frittata,  or 
la  minestra,  sa  di  fumo,  i.e.  he  who 
mixes  with  undesirable  people,  will 
suffer  for  it ;  E  piu  debole  la  —  del 
pisello,  i.e.  the  surety  is  weaker  than 
the  principal.  2.  bush  or  leafy  bough 
put  over  the  door  of  an  inn  ;  Metier  la 
— ,  to  set  up  an  inn  ;  Chi  non  vuol 
1'  osteria  levi  la  — ,  he  who  does  not 
desire  the  effect  must  avoid  the  cause. 
3.  cocoonery,  bunch  of  heather,  broom 
or  the  like,  fixed  as  a  nesting-place  for 
silkworms,  where  they  may  fasten  their 


cocoons.  4.  Andare  in  — ,  to  get  into 
a  tangle,  make  a  mistake.  5.  fig.  giddy, 
unthinking  person,  coquettish  woman. 
6.  in//.,  trifles,  vanities ;  Non  ha  -che  per 
la  testa,  there  is  no  nonsense  about  her. 

*i.  Vivere  come  santo  Noferi  con  le  -che  al  cielo, 
i.e.  with  nothing,  ii.  =  Luogo  pieno  di  -che.  iii.  Dar 
-che  e  foglie,  i.e.  to  tell  lies.  iv.  Render  -che  per 
foglie,  tit  for  tat.  v.  -che  !  excl.  of  incredulity. 

Etytn.  blt.yVojcrt;  further  etym.  vnkn.  It  is 
derived  by  Diez  from  **viriiscat  <vireo,  to  be  green : 
by  Ulrich<**/raxa,</ran£ere. 

Frascame  m. ;  quantity  of  small 
branches. 

t  Frascarella  f. ;  =  Fraschetta. 

Frascat-0  ( Frascheto)  m. ;  i .  branches 
arranged  to  form  a  sort  of  summer-house 
or  bower.  2.  thick  copse.  Aff.  -£llo  dim. 

Frascheggiare  ind.  frascheggio ;  i .  of 
branches,  to  rustle.  2.  (pers.)  v.  Frasca 
(5).  *i.  to  jeer.  ii.  to  spin  yarns. 

Fraschegg-fo  m. ;  freq.  sb.  of  -are. 
Frascher^lla  f. ;  dim.  Frasca. 
Frascheria  /  ;  rubbishy  addition. 
Frascheto  m. ;  =  Frascato. 

Frasch6tt-a  /  ;  i.  dim.  Frasca. 
2.  brushwood  arranged  on  a  decoy  to 
carry  the  net.  3.  decoy  made  by  cutting 
olive-trees  to  the  same  level,  and  smear- 
ed with  bird-lime  but  without  a  net. 
4.  frisket,  a  kind  of  stencil  frame  used 
by  printers.  5.  giddy  girl.  6.  =Fra- 
scheria.  AJf.  -fna  dim. 

*  Fraschetto  tit. ;  (inar.)  boatswain's  whistle. 
Fraschett-ola/.;  dim.  -a  (5). 

*Fraschia  f.\  ~  Brusca,  segmented  ruler  for 
drawing  designs. 

*  Fraschiere   >n. ;    i.    frivolous  fellow,   buffoon, 
ii.    holder  for  the  Brusca,  q.v,  (3). 

*Frascol-a  f.\  dint.  Frasca.  Aff.  *-ina  or 
*-ino,  sub-dims. 

Frascoli  in.  pi. ;  (int.)  —  di  botri,  bladder 
senna,  v.  Erba  (157). 

Frasc6na  /  ;  augm.  Frasca. 

Frasconaia  f. ;  i.  decoy  made  by 
cutting  low-growing  trees  down  to  one 
level  for  spreading  a  net.  2.  over-grown 
bushes.  3.  excessive  ornamentation. 
4.  trivialities,  nonsense. 

Frasconcell-a  /,  -o  m.  ;  dim.  of 
Frascon-a,  -e. 

Frasc6n-e  m. ;  i.  in  pi.,  boughs 
stuck  in  the  ground  for  scarlet  runners, 
etc.,  to  climb  on  ;  Seminare  or  Portare 
i  -i,  (a)  to  set  such  sticks,  (b)fig.  of  fowls, 
to  droop  their  wings,  or  of  persons,  to 
show  signs  of  fatigue.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Mantesenale. 

Frascume  m. ;  i.  quantity  of  faggot 
wood.  2.  excessive  ornamentation. 

Fras-e  /  (Gr.  <f>pd<rts,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.)  ;  i.  phrase.  2.  sentence. 
3.  style,  diction. 

AJf.  -eggiamento,  -eggiare  i.  to  divide  into 
sentences.  2.  to  form  sonorous  phrases,  -eggiatore, 
•eggiatrice,  -eologia,  -etta  -etthia  -ma  dims. 

Frassignolo  m. ;  (&>/.)=  Bagolaro,  nettle-tree. 

Frassine ;  v.  Frassino. 

FrassincllayC;  i.  (tot.)  —  bianca,  white  dittany 
or  fraxinella,  Dictamntts  atbits.  2.  a  kind  of  polish- 
ing stone  for  metals.  *  =  Belletto,  paint. 

Frassine'to  m. ;  ash  plantation. 
Frassino  ;//. ;  (bot.)  i.  ash,  Fraxinus, 
also  termed   Frassine,  Costolo.     2.  — 

33 


FRASSUGNO— FREGATINA 


fiorito,  flowering  ash,  Ornns  Europaea. 
3.  --  da  manna,  manna  ash,  Ornus 
rotundifolia.  4.  poet,  for  spear. 

Etym,  L.  fraxinus  for  **frag-sinus,  which 
together  with  farntis  (v.  Farnia)  is  referable  to  a 
primitive  Indog.  **  bkerag,  birch,  as  white  tree,  cp, 
Or.  <£op*6s,  white,  and  the  forms  given  by  Skeat, 
sub  Birch,  and  by  Walde,  sub  Fraxinns,  Flagro. 
*Frassugno  m.\  i.  pieces  of  pork  or  mutton, 
ii.  =Sugna,  lard. 

Frastagli-are  (It.  fra,  s-,  tagliare) ; 

1.  to  slash,  cut  to  bits.     2.  to  ornament 
with  fringes  and  slashings.    *to  jabber. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atame'nte. 

Frastaglie  f.pl.\  =  Frattaglie. 

Frastaglio  m.  ;  small  carved  orna- 
mentation in  architecture  or  slashed 
trimming  on  a  dress  or  bonnet. 

Frastagliume  »i.  •  spreg.,  lot  of 
trimmings. 

*Frastenere;  =  Frattenere,  to  detain. 

•Frastingolo  (It.  fra,  [injtingolo  with  aggluti- 
native s) ',  composite  stew. 

*FrastogIiere  (It.  fra,  s-  — L.  ex,  togliere);  to 
defraud. 

Frast6no  ;  v.  Frastuono. 

Frastorn-are  ind.  frastorno  (It.  fra, 
stornare) ;  i.  to  prevent  the  completion 
or  success  of.  2.  to  interrupt,  disturb. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -10  freq.,  -o  sb. 

Frastu6no,  Frastono  (Frastuolo) 
m.  (It.  fra,  tuono  with  agglutinative  s); 
uproar,  tumultuous  disturbance. 

Fras-uccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucciaccia  dint, 
pegg.,  -ucola  dim .  spreg, ;  v.  -e. 

Fratacchi6ne  tn.  ;  augtti.  spreg.  sellers,  of 
Krate. 

Fratacchidtto  ;«.;  short  burly  monk. 

Frat-accio  nt.\  pegg.  of -e.  -agliay^;  spreg., 
crowd  of  monks. 

Fratai-0 ;  i.  spreg.,  monkish.  2.  Zuc- 
ca  -a,  a  variety  of  winter  pumpkin,  of 
large  size. 

Fratata  f. ;  spreg.  monkish  act. 

Frat-e   m.    (L.  fratcr)  ;     i.    monk. 

2.  Discrezione  da  -i,  i.e.   great   indis- 
cretion.    3.    Sto  co'  -i  e  zappo  1"  orto, 
an  expression  used  either  to  indicate 
willingness  to  acquiesce  in  any  course 
that  may  be  desired,  or  unwillingness 
to  speak  of  some  matter.    4.  ventilation 
tile  made  something  like  a  hood.     5.  in 
printing,  a  page  which  has  received  little 
or  no  impression  in  the  press.     6.  blot 
made  in   writing.     7.    silkworm   which 
shrivels    up    and    makes    no    cocoon. 

8.  miller's  thumb,   Coitus  gobio  (fish). 

9.  dough-nut  fried  in  oil. 

*i.  =  Fratello,  brother.  ii.  distiller's  retort, 
iii.  black-beetle,  iv.  Capo  di  — ,  a  kind  of  salad. 
v.  -i  d'  Augustino,  a  variety  of  figs.  vi.  -i  della 
sacca, .  Capuchin  (?)  monks,  tvii.  chestnut  occur- 
ling  single  in  its  husk. 

Fratell-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -ame  m. ; 
brothers  collectively.  -anza  f. ;  i.  brotherhood. 
2.  brotherly  conduct.  -astro  m. ;  half-brother, 
-esco;  pfgg.  or  spreg.,  of  unkind  brothers,  -cvole  ; 
like  a  brother,  -evolmente  ;  ad~>.  -ino  ;;/.;<#;«. 
vezz.of-o.  -o  m.;  brother.  Aff.  -one  augm.t  -uccio 
dim. 

Etym.     Dim.  of  Frate,  formed  by  apocope  <  L. 
frater',  for  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Brother 
*Fratel-mo,  *-to;=  Fratello  mio,  tuo. 

Fraterculay!;  v.  Fraticella. 

Frateria  /  ; 
*monkish  life. 


Frat6sc-0  ;     monkish,     esp.     (hist.) 
partisan  of  Savonarola.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 
*  Frateto  ;  =  Tuo  fratello. 

Fraticfclla  /  ;  puffin,  v.  Puffino. 

Fraticello  m.;  i.  dim.  Frate.  2.  lesser  tern, 
Sterna  rninuta,  also  termed  Rondine  di  mare  minore, 
Sterna  minore.  3.  =  Polcinella  di  mare,  puffin.  *in 
//.,  certain  religious  sectaries  of  the  thirteenth  cen- 
tury. 

Fratfna  f.  ;  fringe  (of  hair  on  the 
forehead). 

Fratini  m.  pi.;  (foA)^Fior  cappuccino,  nastur- 
tium. 

Fratin-o  ;  i.  adj.,  v.  Frate.  2.  s6., 
Kentish  plover,  Aegialitis  caniiana, 
also  termed  Pio-pio. 

Frat-ismo  m.  ;  partiality  for  monks. 
Aff.  -occio  augm.  of  -e,  jolly  monk, 
-occolo  spreg.,  -6ne  augm.  big  monk, 
-otto  augm.  sturdy  monk. 

Fratri-cida  m.  (the  agent),  -cidio  m.  (the  act); 
as  E. 

Fratt-a  /  (A)  (bit.  fracta,<Gr. 
<f>paKTTj,<.({>paa-(T<a,  to  hedge  in)  ;  thicket. 
Esser  per  le  -e,  to  be  penniless. 

*(B)(L.);  breach,  rupture. 

Frattagliaio  m.  ;  tripe-seller. 

Frattaglie  /  pi.  (It.  fratta,  <  L. 
fractus)  ;  I.  giblets,  tripe.  2.  rubbish, 
residues  left  unsold  in  a  shop,  or  do- 
mestic trifles. 

Frattai61-0  ;  Passera  -a,  hedge- 
sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  i,  b). 

Frattanto  ;  in  the  meantime. 
Frattempo  m.  •  interval. 

tFrattencre;  =  Trattenere.     i.  to  detain,     ii.    to 
restrain. 

•Fratteria  ./.  (fr.JUHrru);  flattery. 

Fratto;  Canto  —  ,  singing  partly  harmonised 
and  partly  in  unison.  *part.  of  Frangere. 

*Frattoio  m.  ;=Frantoio,  olive-press. 

*  Frattoso  adj.  ;  v.  Fratta. 
Frattur-a  f.  ;  fracture.     Aff.  -are  vb. 
Frat-uccio,  -ucolo;  dims,  spreg.  of-e. 
Fraud  -are;   l.f.  Frodare.     Aff.  -atore,  -ntrice, 

-e,  -olentemente,  -olento,  -olenza. 

Fraulo  w.'  =  Trachuro,  horse-mackerel  (fish). 
t  Fraveggole  ;  =  Traveggole. 

Fravol-a  J.  ;  pop.  for  Fragola,  strawberry. 
-&\A  /.;  strawberry-seller,  -aio  m.  ;  i.  strawberry- 
seller,  2.  strawberry-garden,  -ino  ;  t>.  Fragolino. 
-6ne  in.\  augm.  of  -a. 

tFrazio  w/.;=Sito,  strong  smell,  esp.  of  eatables. 
Frazi6n-ey.  ;   fraction.     Ajf.  -ano  adj.,  -cella 
dim. 

tFrazzame  m.;  fruit  of  poor  quality. 
tFrazzo  ;«.;  residue. 
*Frebbe/;=  Febbre,  fever. 

*  Frebotomia  /.  ;  =  Fleboi  omia,  venesection. 


monks    collectively. 


Fratern-amcnte,  -ita,  -izzare,  -o;  as  E. 


/  (etyvi.  dub.  ;  prob.  Celtic, 
cp.  old  Irish  flesc,  rod,  but  perhaps  Low 
German,  cp.  Flemish./?//.?,  arrow  ;  cogii. 
Proven^.,  Spanish  and  Portug.  flecha, 
Fr.  JKche}  ;  i.  arrow.  2.  tapering  end 
of  a  tent-pole.  3.  compass-needle. 
4.  (math.)  sagitta,  line  perpendicular 
to  an  arc.  5.  (forlif.)  redan,  arrow- 
shaped  outwork.  6.  (mar.)  (a)  —  di 
un  alberetto,  pole  of  a  royal  or  top- 
gallant mast  ;  (d)  —  per  alzare  botti, 
tank  toggle  ;  (c)  —  di  grua,  jib  of  a 
crane  ;  (d)  —  ,  or  Stella,  knee  of  the 
head  ;  (e)  —  ,  Saetta,  or  Monta  di  volta, 
rise.  7.  shaft  passing  from  the  stock 
of  a  plough  to  the  yoke  of  the  oxen. 
8.  pole  joining  the  two  axle-trees  of  a 
waggon.  *Dare  la  —  =  Frecciare,  to 
cheat. 


Frecci-are  ind.  frdccio  ;  to  cheat,  to 
borrow  with  no  intention  of  repaying. 
*to  shoot. 

Frecci-ata/;  i.  arrow-shot.  2.  fraud. 

3.  gibe.     Aff.  -atina,  dim. 

Frecci-atdre,  -atdra,  -atura ;  vbsbs. 
of  -are. 

Frecci-na  / ;  dim.  of  -a. 
Frecci-6ne  m.  or  -6na/;  i. 
of  -a.     2.  =  -atore  or  -atora,  cadger. 

•  Frcccioso  ;  swift  as  an  arrow. 
•Fredda/;  i.  north  side  of  a  hill.     ii.  chill. 

Fredd-accio  ptgg.  -o.  t-aia  f. ;  chill. 
-amente  adv. 

Freddare  ind.  fr^ddo  ;  i.  to  cool. 
2.  to  kill.  3.  fig.  to  chill. 

Fredd-arello  or  -er&llo  dims.,  -6zza 
sb.,  -iccio  or  -lao  dims.,  v.  -o. 

Fr6dd-0  (L.  frigidus,  akin  to  Gr. 
fiiyos,  frost,  i>iyi<a,  to  shiver) ;  cold.  Aver 
— ,  to  be  cold.  Semi  -i,  seeds  of  a 
pumpkin,  gourd  or  melon,  but  only  used 
in  the  phrase  Pomata  di  semi  -i,  pomade 
made  with  these  seeds.  As  sb.,  -i  //., 
cold  dishes  (food). 

Aff.  -arello  or  -erello  dims.,  -ezza  s6.,  -iccio  -ino 
or  -olino  dims.,  •olo'so  chilly,  -uccino  dim.,  -uccio 
cool. 

Freddura  / ;  i .  cold  weather. 
2.  witticism  without  point.  3.  twaddle. 

*i.   indifference,  coldness,     ii.  cold,  catarrh. 

Freddur-aio  or  -ista  m.;  silly  jester, 
v.  -a  (2). 

Frd-ga/  (It.  fregare);  i.  =Fregola. 
2.  in  //.,  i.q.  Fregagioni.  3.  Far  le 
-ghe,  (a)  to  rub,  (6)  scherz.  to  beat. 

4.  fig.  eager  desire.     5.    Essere  in  — , 
of  animals,  to  be  on  heat.     6.  of  fish, 
spawning. 

Freg-accio  ;;/. ;  i.  pegg.  -o,  ugly 
stroke.  2.  careless  but  masterly  stroke. 

Fregacciolare  ;  =  Sfregacciolare,  to 
rub  gently. 

Fregacciolo  m.;  dim.  pegg.  Frego. 

Fregagidne  /  ;  medical  rubbing. 
*in  pi.  =  Moine. 

Fregame"nto ;;/. ;  i .  rubbing.  2.  fric- 
tion. 

Freg-are  ind.  frego  ;  i.  to  rub  ;  — 
i  piedi,  D.  Inf.  16.  33,  to  rub  the  feet, 
make  more  noise  with  them  than  do 
spirits.  2.  to  strike  out,  cancel  (by 
lines).  3.  =  Sottolineare,  or  Dar  di 
frego,  to  underline.  4.  -aria  a  uno,= 
Accoccarla,  to  play  him  some  un- 
pleasant trick.  5.  -arsi  intorno  ad  uno, 
to  curry  favour  with  him.  6.  -arsene, 
to  be  indifferent  (to  some  loss). 

Etym.  L.  fricare,  secondary  form 
of  friare,  to  rub,  prob.  from  a  primitive 
form  meaning  to  pound  up,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Frio. 

tFregarola/;;  minnow,  v.  Sanguinerola. 

*  Fregasano  ;  a  certain  kind  of  glass. 

Fregata/  (A)  (It.  fregare) ;  rubbing. 

(B)  (etym.  unkn.) ;  frigate. 

(0)  (prob.<  Spanish  forcado,  forked, 
from  the  shape  of  the  bird's  tail) ; 
frigate-bird,  Tachypetes  aquilus. 

Frcg-atina  dim.  of  -ata.  '-atone  an  open 
boat,  -atura  vbsb.  of  -are. 


FREGETTO— FRISONE 


259 


Fregett-o  dint.,  -ino  sub-dim.,  of  Fregio. 
"Freggiare;   of  animals,  j«/r.,  =  Sconciarsi,  to 
abort. 

Freghett-o  dim.,  -ino  sub-dim.,  of  Frego. 

Fregiare  ind.  frdgio  ;  to  decorate, 
lit.  to  put  a  frieze. 

*i.  to  tickle  the  cars  of  a  mob.  ii.  of  a  pen,  to 
write. 

*Fregiata  f.;  {mar.)  ornamentation  along  the 
outside  of  the  Discollato. 

Fregiatura  /  ;  decoration. 

Fregio  m.  (mlt.  frigium,  <  L.  Phry- 
gium  opus,  embroidery)  ;  i.  (arch.)  frieze. 

2.  painted  frieze  along  a  wall.  3.  vignette 
at  the  beginning  or  end  of  a  chapter  in 
a  book.     4.  decoration  generally,  either 
lit.  w  fig.     *  =  Sfregio,  gash. 

*Fregionew.;  i.  =  Frigione.     tii.=  Frusone. 
tFregno  m.;  object  very  easily  broken. 

Fr6gO  m.  (It.  fregare)  ;  scrawl,  rough 
stroke  drawn  or  scratched.  Dar  di  —  , 
to  erase  a  word  by  striking  the  pen 
through  it  or  fig.  to  cancel,  generally. 
Fare  un  —  a,  to  bring  discredit  upon. 

Fr6gola/  (It.  fregare);  I.  spawning 
of  fishes.  2.  Andare  in  —  ,  of  animals, 
to  go  on  heat.  3.  fig.  mania,  strong 
desire,  e.g.  for  the  theatre. 

*Fregoiow.  ;  i.  =  Fregola.  ii.  place  where  one's 
mistress  lives,  iii.  =  Minuzzolo,  tiny  fragment. 

Fremebdndo  ;  raging. 

Frem-ere  per/.  -£\  -esti  -c  or  -ette, 
parts,  -ente  -uto;  i.  to  roar.  2.  to  rage 
like  a  lion,  to  fume,  to  fret  ;  -  -  di 
sdegno,  to  quiver  with  indignation. 

3.  of  the  sea  or  a  forest  in  a  storm, 
to    roar.      4.    of   horses,    (a)    to    fret, 
(6)  =  Nitrire,  to  neigh. 

Etym.  L.,akin  to  Gr.  /Spojuof,  roaring,  O.H.G. 
breman  (>Germ.  brummtn,  to  roar). 

*Frernire  var.  of  Fremere  ;  referring  to  any 
animal's  voice  or  other  natural  sound. 

Fr&nitO  m.  ;  i.  roaring.  2.  shiver 
of  passion  of  any  kind. 

*  Fremmolo  m.  ;=  Flemmone,  abscess. 
Fren-abile  adj.  -aio  in.;  bit-maker.  -are  /W. 

fre"no  to  restrain.     -at6re;  v.  -o. 

*  Frendere  ;  =  Fremere. 
Frenella/;  :•.  Flanella. 

Frenello,  Frenulo  m.  :  i.  (anat.)  frenutn, 
membranous  ligament.  2.  (war.)  —  del  timone, 
or  simply  —  ,  tiller-rope. 

*i.  muzzle,  ii.  band  to  keep  a  woman's  hair  off 
her  forehead,  iii.  thong  serving  to  keep  an  oar  out 
of  the  water  in  a  galley. 

Frenesfa  f.  (L.  phrenesis,  <  Gr. 
<t>priv)  ;  i.  violent  delirium.  2.  frenzy. 

Frenetic-O 
-ame'nte,  -are. 

*  Frenetto  m.;  =  *  Frenello  (ii). 

t  Frengueletto  de  mar  m.;  stormy  petrel,  v. 
Procellaria. 

Fren-ico(Gr.);  (mtd.)  phrenic.    Aff.  -ite. 
Frenftide/;  acute  delirium  with  high  fever. 


(Gr.)  ;     frantic.        Aff. 


m.  (  L.frenum,  bit,  for  **frend- 
noin,  <ifrcndere,  to  grind  ;  akin  to  A.S. 
grindan,  >  E.  grind,  root  gher,  to  rub, 
cp.  Gr.  xfpds,  gravel)  ;  i.  bit.  2.  bearing- 
rein.  3.  brake,  esp.  of  a  railway-car 
(that  of  a  road  carriage  usu.  Martinicca). 

Frenolog-fa,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Frenulo;  v.  Frenello. 

Frequen-tabile  respectable;  -tare  ind.  fre- 
quento  to  frequent;  -tatlvam^ente  adv.'.  -tativo 
as  E.  ;  -tatdre,  -tatdra,  -tatrice,  -tazi6ne  vbsbs. 
of  -tare;  -te,  -temente,  -za  as  E. 

Etym.  L.  /requens,  fart,  of  **/rtquere,  to 
cram,  akin  to  /arcirt,  v.  Farsetto. 

Fres-are  ind.  freso  ;  to  countersink.  *  =  Fre- 
giare,  to  adorn.  Aff.  -atura. 


Fresatrice  f. ;  mortising  machine,  shaping 
machine. 

Fresc-ame'nte  ;  adv.  of  -o. 
Frescante  in.;  painter  in  fresco. 

Frescheggiare  ind.  fresche'ggio  ;  to 
go  out  into  the  open  air. 

Fresch-6tto  dim.,  -e'zza  sb.,  -fno 
dim.  ',  v.  Fresco. 

Fresco  (O.H.G.  frisc,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Fresh)  ;  i.  fresh.  2.  Di  — ,  lately. 
3.  cool.  4.  Star  — ,  to  be  in  a  fix,  a 
phrase  probably  derived  from  Dante's 
line,  Inf.  32.  117,  La  dove  i  peccatori 
stanno  freschi,  where  the  sinners  stand 
pinched  in  ice.  5.  Al  — ,  in  the  open 
air.  6.  A  — ,  =Affresco,  fresco  paint- 
ing. 

Fresc6ccio;  bright,  healthy-looking. 
Fresc-oHno  dim.  -o,  -uccino  dim.  -uccio. 
Frescuccio ;  chilly. 

*  Frescume  nt. ;  fresh  vegetables  or  fodder. 

Frescura/;  i.  chilliness.  2.  Prender 
una  — ,  to  get  a  chill. 

*Fret-o  in.,  with///.  -a(U);  sea. 

Fr^tta  f.  (**fric(are,  intens.  of  L. 
fricare,  to  rub,  cp.  Premura,  urgency, 
<  Premere) ;  haste.  La  lascio  perche 
ho  — ,  I  must  leave  you  because  I  am 
in  a  hurry.  Darsi  — ,  to  seem  in  a  great 
hurry. 

Frettaddre  m. ;  i.q.  Frettazza. 

Frettare  ;  (mar. )  to  clean  the  hull  with  the 
Frettazza. 

Frettazz-a/!,  -o  m. ;  (mar.)  scrubbing-brush, 
hog. 

Frettol6s-o  ;  hasty.    Aff.  -amdnte. 

*  Frezz-ayC;=Freccia,  arrow.     Aff.  -oso,  hasty. 
Friabil-e,  -ita;  as  E.  (L.,  v.  Fregare). 
Fricando  m.  (Fr.,  orig.  ««£«.);   a  thick  slice 

of  veal  etc.,  larded. 

Fricassea /.  (Fr.,  orig.  unkn.');  i.  fricassee, 
pieces  of  chicken  etc.,  cooked  with  sauce.  2.  Fare 
una  —  <&,fig-  to  make  a  hash  of. 

*  F ricciol i    m.  pi. ;  =  Ciccioli,  fibrous   residue   of 
lard. 

*  Friere  m. ;  =  Frate,  friar. 
Friganeayl;  caddis-fly,  Phryganea. 
Frige  m. ;  Phrygian. 

Frfgg-ere  ind.  friggo  friggi  fngge..., 
per/,  frissi  frigge'sti  frisse...,  part,  fritto; 

1.  to  fry.     2.   Non  —  coll'  acqua,  i.e.  to 
be  rich.     3.  -ersela,  of  something  one 
does     not    know     what     to     do     with. 
4.   Mandare  uno  a  fafsi  — ,  i.e.  to  send 
him  to  the  devil.     5.  Andare  a  farsi  — , 
to   go   bad  ;   Questa   carne   se  non    la 
mangi,  si   va  a  far  — ,  you    must  eat 
this  meat  or   it  will   go   bad ;    Questi 
panni   se  non  Ii  tenete  bene,  vanno  a 
farsi  — ,  unless  you  take  care  of  these 
things   they  will   spoil.     6.    Tu  n'  hai 
ben   poco   di   quel   che  si   frigge,   you 
have  precious  little  sense.     7.  to  frizzle, 
to  hiss  or  splutter,  as  hot  iron  plunged 
into  water,  or  of  green  wood  burning. 
8.   to  whimper,  weep  quietly. 

Etym.  Ij.frlgere,  to  roast,  except  in  sense  (8), 
and  probably  (7),  which  are<L.  frlgere,  to  .squeal. 
Frlgere  is  akin  to  Gr.  (f>pu-yto,  to  parch,  T..  fertum 
=  old  \*.ferctmti,  sacred  noney-cnKe,<.** /ergfre,  to 
bake,  cp.  Irish  bairgen,  bread,  Frlgere  is  from  an 
imit.  base^r/  mfrig,  v.  Fringuello. 

Friggiblico   m.;    \.    brown  owl,  Strix  nlnco. 

2.  whimpering. 

Friggiculo  m. ;  i.  a  kind  of  long  snail  which 
hisses  in  discharging  its  slime.  2.  Jif.  restless  boy. 

*  Friggimento  m. ;  i.  frying,     ii.  Jig.  affliction. 

Friggfo  m. ;  sound  of  frizzling. 


Friggi-t6re  »/.,  -t<5ra  /  ;  vendor  of 
fried  meats. 

tFrigidaia/;;  =  Acquitrino,  swamp. 

Frigidario  m. ;  i.  frigidarium  of  an  old  Roman 
bath-house.  2.  cold  bath. 

Frigid^zzay?;  coldness,  usu.  of  climate. 

Frigidita/;  coldness,  usu.  of  the  limbs  from 
enfeebled  circulation,  or  that  of  cold-blooded  animals. 

Frigido  (L.,  v.  Freddo);  cold  (>oil  or  climate, 
or  as  above  sub  Frigidita).  *impotent. 

Frigi-o;  Phrygian.     Madre -a,  Cybele. 
•Frigione  m.;  i.  horse  with  tufts  about  the  feet, 
ii.  =  Frisone. 

Frign.-are(O.H.G.yfrz««/Vj«,toweep, 
eft.  Swedish  dial,  fryna,  to  make  faces, 
E.  dial,  fritie,  for  crying,  fretting,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Frown)  ;  to  cry,  as  babies, 
lit.  to  pucker  the  face.  /  Aff.  t-ata  sb. 

Frignio,  Frignolio  m.  •  =  Piagnisteo,  crying. 

Frignolo  in. ;  pop.  for  Fignolo,  boil. 

Frign6n-e  /«.,  -a.  f.',  crying  child. 

Frignuccio  m. ;  a  nickname,  in  the  phrase 
Cercar  di  — ,  i.e.  to  go  out  of  one's  way  after 
dangers. 

Frigorifico  m. ;  cold-storage  steamer. 

Frimaio  m.  (Fr./r/wmmO;  tlie  third  month  of 
the  French  republican  calendar,  Nov.  21  to  Dec.  20. 
fFrincare;  =  Frignare,  to  cry. 

Frine  ;  Phryne,  the  Athenian  courtesan.  *. 

*Frinf-ello,  -ino  or  -frl  m.;  coxcomb. 

Frinfrin(Frinfrino)>«.;(/»»V.)  sound  of  a  Jew's- 
harp. 

Fringuello,  Filunguello  or  Filin- 

guello  (Firenguello)  in.  ( L.  fring ellus, 
=  Gr.  <j>pvyi\os,  imit.  of  the  fri  fri  of 
the  bird's  note,  prolonged  into  frig, 
fring  ;  this  imitative  sound  appears  also 
in  L.  frigere,  to  cry,  frigulare,  to  caw, 
fritinnire,  to  twitter,  cp.  infra,  Spincione, 
another  word  for  chaffinch,  also  of  imi- 
tative origin)  ;  I.  chaffinch,  Fringella 
caelebs,  also  termed  (esp.  when  tamed, 
and  used  as  a  lure)  Spincione.  2.  - 
alpino,  brambling  or  mountain  finch, 
Montifringella  nivalis.  3.  —  campestre, 
=  Passera  mattugia,  tree-sparrow.  4.  — 
citrinello,  =  Venturone,  citril  finch.  5.  — 
de'  monti,  =  Montanello  forestiero,  twite. 
6.  —  marine,  («)  =  Ciuffblotto,  bullfinch, 
(*)=Peppola,  mountain-finch.  7.  - 
montanino  or  montanaro,  i.q.  —  marino 
(b).  8.  —  di  mare,  =  Procellaria,  petrel. 

*Frinire;  of  a  grasshopper,  to  chirp, 
FrinzMlo  m.  (etym.  unkn.,  possibly 
of  the  same  family  as  E.  frizzle)  ;   I.  ir- 
regular  seam,    rougli    place    made    in 
mending.     2.    irregular  lumpy  scar. 

Frisare  (Fr.  /riser,  to  graze,  of  un- 
known origin,  v.  Littr^,  sub  Frise,  no.  I ) ; 
at  billiards  or  any  ball  game,  to  cause 
one's  ball  to  strike  the  object  ball  with 
a  grazing  stroke  so  as  to  send  it  side- 
ways. *  =  Lisciare. 

*Frisata_/;  (/««r.)=Fregiata. 

Frisato  in.  (participial  form  repre- 
senting the  Fr.frise') ;  striped  cloth. 

Friscello  m.  (<**fiir/nricellus,  dim.  of  L. 
furfur,  bran,  the  tir.st  syllable  being  dropped); 
sweepings  of  a  flour  null,  Houry  dust. 

Frisettino  m. ;  dim.  Frisetto. 

FriS^tto  m.;  i.  dim.  Friso.  2.  a 
very  fine  silk. 

Frisia  ;  (geogr.)  Friesland. 

Friso  m. ;  a  grazing  stroke,  v.  Fri- 
sare. As  adj.,  Frieslander.  *  =  Ghiotto, 
greedy. 

Frisone  »/.;  i.  Frieslander.  2.  Fries- 
land  horse.  3.  =  Frusone,  hawfinch. 

33—2 


260 


FRISOPPO— FRUGOLARE 


*  Frisoppo  m. ;  (mar.)  =  Mazzamurro,  biscuit 
crumbs. 

Fris6re  m.\=fi.frisettr,  hair-dresser. 

Fritillaria  /.;  (bat.)  frog-cup,  Fritillaria 
meleagris. 


without  melting,  v.  Calcara.  The  "calcar,"  in 
which  the  "tarso"  and  "polverine"  underwent  this 
preliminary  fusion,  is  no  longer  used,  as  manufac- 
turers can  now  obtain  their  alkaline  ingredients 


pure, 
apart 


The    mixture   (complete)   of    raw    materials 
from  the  "cullet"  is  still  called  "frit." 

Frittat-a/.  (It.  fritto);  i.  omelette. 
2.  —  con  gli  zoccoli,  or  rognosa,  with 
slices  of  ham.  3.  —  in  peduli,  with 
slices  of  bread.  4.  -  -  trippata,  or 
avvolta,  folded  over  and  cooked  with 
butter  or  cheese.  5.  —  ripiena,  with 
herbs  or  bread-crumbs.  6.  —  verde, 
with  finely  chopped  herbs.  7.  —  alia 
certosina,  made  with  many  eggs.  8.  fig. 
Far  la  — ,  to  make  an  awful  mistake, 
the  metaphor  is  from  breaking  eggs  in 
one's  pocket.  9.  Rivoltare  la  — ,  to 
correct  oneself,  contradict  oneself.  10. 
scherz.  for  the  full  moon  at  its  rise. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -Ina  dint,  vezz.,  -ino  dint., 
made  with  one  egg,  -one  or  -ona  augm.,  -uccia 
sfreg. 

Frittell-a  /  (It.  fritto);  i.  spoonful 
of  rice  or  the  like  fried  in  oil.  2.  greasy 
mark  upon  clothes.  3.  fig.  silly  ass. 
4.  (hot.)  in  pi.,  cactus,  v.  Fico  d'  India, 
sub  Fico  (4,  a).  Aff.  -e~tta,  -fna  dims. 

Frittell-6na  /,  -6ne  m. ;  messy 
person.  -6so,  messy. 

Fritto  ;  part.  Friggere. 

Frittur-a/;  i.  frying.  2.  anything 
fried  or  intended  to  be  fried.  3.  scherz. 
lot  of  children.  4.  —  bianca,  made  of 
calves'  brains  or  other  white  material. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ina  dim. 

Friulano ;  of  Friuli,  a  province  of  Venetia. 
Friuli  is  a  corruption  of  Forum  Iulii\  the  Roman 
town  of  that  name  having  given  its  name  to  the  pro- 
vince but  itself  taken  thenameofCividale(<O>'/rYw). 

Frivol-amente,  -eggiare  ind.  -eggio,  -ezza, 
-o;  as  E.  (L.,  71.  Skeat,  sufi  Frivolous). 

Frizibne/;  (L.);  i.  medical  rubbing.  2.  =  At- 
trito,  friction.  *  frizzling. 

*  Frizzamento  in. ;  i.  =  Frizzo.     ii.  =  Frizzio. 

Frizzantino  ;  slightly  sharp  (wine). 

Frizzare  (**frictiare,  <  L.  fricare, 
v.  Fregare) ;  to  sting,  as  acid  on  a  sore 
place. 

Frizzio  m. ;  continued  stinging. 

Frizzo  m. ;  smart  jest. 

Frizz-one  m.  ;  feeling  of  malaise. 
-6re  m. ;  smarting.  -6tto  m. ;  =  -one. 

Frod-are  ind.  frodo ;  i.  to  cheat. 
2.  to  smuggle.  Aff.  -abile,  -at6re. 

Frbde  f.  (L.  fraus,  root  dhuer,  akin 
to  root  dhreugh,  cheat,  v.  Walde,  sub 
Fraus,  and  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Dream)  ; 
fraud. 

*Frodiere  nt.\  customs  officer,  v.  Frodo. 

Frbdo  m. (var.  of  Frode) ;  smuggling. 
*  =  Frode. 

Frodol-ento,  -enza;  i.q.  Fraudol-. 
*Frodulo  m.  ;=Fodero,  scabbard. 

Frbge  f.  pi.  (etym.  unkn.  ;  Caix 
suggests  L.  faux,faucem  with  intrusive 
r) ;  nostrils,  strictly  skin  above  the 
nostrils,  of  a  horse. 


*  Frogiate  f.  pi. ;—  Bruciate,  roast  chestnuts. 
Frogi6ne  ;«.;=  Frosone,  hawfinch. 
Frdldo  m.;—  Frollo,  weak  place  in  a  river  bank. 

Froll-are  (v.  Frollo) ;  of  meat,  tr. 
or  intr.,  to  soften.  Tenere  un  afifare  a 
— ,  to  keep  a  matter  waiting  a  long 
time  for  decision.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Frbll-o ;  i.  tender,  soft.  2.  fig. 
tired  out.  3.  Pasta  -a,  soft  icing  for 
cake  or  the  like  ;  Esser  di  pasta  -a,  to 
be  enervated. 

Etym.  It.  Frollare,  which  is  doubtless  of  Latin 
origin,  but  precise  derivation  itnkn.  Prob.<**fricv- 
lare,  dim.  of  L.  fricare,  to  rub ;  this  should  have 
given  Friilare,  but  for  the  vowel  alteration  cp.  Fr. 
frotter,<**frictiare,  ordonner,<\j,  ordinarf.  Or 
Frollo  may  be  a  var.  of  Frale  and  Frollare  its 
derivative. 

*  Fromb-a  /. ;  =  -ola. 

Fr6mbo  m.  (intens.  Rombo) ;  roar. 

Fr6mbol-a  /;  I.  sling.  2.  round 
pebble  for  slinging.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -iere 
slinger. 

Etym.  Either  <  L.  fitndibalus  (mechanical 
slinger,  a  hybrid,  <L./)/«rfa,  sling,  and  Gr.  /SoAAiu), 
contracted  and  with  insertion  of  intrusive  r,  or< 
fitnda  (or  **fnndula)  +-  It.  rombo.  In  any  case  the 
word  is  based  upon  funda.  For  the  insertion  of  r 
cp.  Proven^,  fronda  and  Fr.  frotide,  both  < funda. 
for  funda,  v.  Fionda. 

Fromentiera  /  ;  grain  prepared  for 
use  in  soup. 

Fr6ncolo  m.  ;  =  Gabbiano,  sea-gull. 

Frdnda/  (A)  (L.) ;  i.  leafy  branch. 
2.  fig.  ornament  in  composition,  esp.  in 
writing.  *  =  Bosco,  wood. 

(B)  (Fr.)  ;  the  wars  of  the  Fronde 
under  Louis  XIV. 

*  Frondarsi ;  to  come  out  into  leaf. 

*  Fronde  m.  orf.;—  Fronda,  sling. 
Frond-eggiare  ind.  -eggio;  to  develop  foliage. 

*-ibulario  tn. ;=  Fromboliere,  slinger.  -icella  f.\ 
dim.  of  -a.  -ire;  = -eggiare.  -osita,  -6so  ;  7'. 
Fronda. 

Frontal- e  ;     i.     frontal.       As    sb. : 

2.  (ana/.)  frontal  bone.     3.  —  del  cam- 
minetto,  mantelshelf.     4.  frontlet  of  a 
bridle.      t(/«ar.)  =  Pedagna,   stretcher. 
Aff.  -e~tto  dim. 

\  Frontare  ;  =  Calcare,  to  drive  on  (the  iron  hoops 
of  masts  etc.). 

Fr6nte/ (L.);  i.  forehead.  2.  front 
of  a  building,  or  of  an  army ;  in  this 
mil.  sense  it  is  sometimes  masculine. 

3.  Far    — ,    to    make    head    against. 

4.  Mostrar  la  — ,  to  show  an  inclination 
to  resist.     5.  A  — ,  Alia  — ,  or  Di  — , 
opposite.     6.  A  —  a  — ,  face  to  face. 
7.  A  prima  — ,  at  first  glance. 

Fronteggiare  ind.  fronte'ggio  ;  i.  to 
defy,  D.  Inf.  20.  71.  2.  to  front. 

Frontespiziaio  m. ;  one  whose  know- 
ledge stops  at  frontispieces. 

Frontespizio  ;«. ;  i.  fagade  of  a 
building,  esp.  its  highest  part.  2.  frontis- 
piece of  a  book.  3.  Si  conosce  dal  — , 
or  dalla  sopracarta,  the  state  of  his 
health  is  seen  in  his  face.  4.  —  morto, 
the  blank  page  preceding  the  frontis- 
piece. 

Fronticinayl;  dim.  vezz.  Fronte. 

Frontiera  f.\   as  E.     *i.    foremost  files  of  an 
army.      ii.  =  Facciata,    facade,     iii.    (mil.)  bastion. 
iv.    Far  — ;  =  Far  fronte. 
*  Frontiero  :  =  Sfrontato. 

Front  ignano;  a  variety  of  vine,  named  from 
Frontignan  in  France. 


Frontino  m. ;  i.  =  Fintino  (2). 
2.  =  Frontale. 

Frontista  m.  •  frontager. 

Front6n-a/ ;  augm.  of  Fronte.  Aff. 
-cino  dim. 

Frontone  m. ;  i.  (arch.)  fronton, 
pediment.  2.  back-plate  of  a  fireplace. 

•Frontoso;   i.  =  Sfrontato.     ii.    with  large  fore- 
head. 

*  Fronza  f.\  young  corn  when  it  first  comes  up. 
'Fronzale  m.:  kerchief  for  the  head. 

*  Fronzire  ;  to  produce  leaves. 

Frdnzolo  m.  (**/ro»deo/us,  <  L. 
frons) ;  superfluous  ornament,  tassel, 
ribbon.  *a-  species  of  chestnut-tree. 

Fronzuto  ;  leafy. 

Fros6ne  m.  ;  =  Frusone,  hawfinch. 

Frbtta  f.  (L.  fluctits) ;  troop,  pack. 
*  =  Frottola. 

Frbttola/;  trifle,  nonsense;  orig. 
a  string  of  proverbs  or  pithy  sentences 
used  by  the  Frotta,  populace. 

Frottol6n-e  ;«.,  -a/  ;  quiz,  one  who 
talks  nonsense. 

Fru  fru  m.  (taut.) ;  i.  the  dull  mur- 
muring of  a  crowd  moving  about  on 
occasion  of  some  great  calamity  or  at 
the  beginning  of  a  seditious  rising. 
2.  rustling  of  silk  dresses.  3.  Donna 
— ,  woman  who  wants  to  do  every- 
thing at  once.  4.  Far  — ,  to  dash  at  a 
thing. 

*  Frucagnolo /;/. ;  v.  Fruciandolo. 
fFrucandol-are ;    i.    to   sweep  out  the  oven. 

ii.  =  Frugacchiare,   to   hunt  about,     -o   >«.;=Fruci- 
andolo. 

Frucare ;  v.  Frugare. 
*FrucatayC;— Percossa,  blow. 
*Fruc-atoio  or  *-atore;  v.  Frugatoio. 
tFrucchiare  or  Affrucchiare  ;  =  Armeggiare, 
to   fumble   over  things,    to  meddle   in   all   sorts   of 
things  without  understanding  them. 

frrucch-ino  or  -i6ne  m. ;  vbsb.  of -iare. 

Fruciandolo  m.  (It.  frucare);  chimney-sweep's 
brush. 

*Frucio  m.  ;=Fruscio,  rustling. 
Frucola/;;  crab-louse,  Pe diculus  fulfil. 

*  Fruconare ;  =  Sfruconare. 

Fruc6ne  m. ;  poking  stick  used  by 
customs'  officers  in  search  for  contra- 
band goods. 

*  i.  =  Percossa,  blow.    tii.  =  Fruciandolo,  sweep's 
brush,     iii.  =  Frucchione,  v.   Frucchiare. 

Frugacchiare  (freq.  Frugare) ;  =  Fnigolare. 
Frugal-e,  -ita,  -mentc;  as  E.  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Frugal). 

Frug-are  (Frucare)  (by  metathesis 
from  **furcare,  to  stir  hay  about  with 
a  fork) ;  to  search  carefully,  to  rummage. 
*to  stimulate,  D.  Purg.  15.  137. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atdio  stirring-pole,  -atore. 
t  Frugiata  f. ;  =  Bruciata,  roast  chestnut. 
Frugi-fero,  -voro;  as  E. 

Frugnol-are  ind.  friignolo;  i.  to  go 
after  fish  or  birds  with  a  Frugnolo. 
2.  to  search  with  a  lantern.  Aff.  -atore. 

Frugnblo  (Frugnuolo)  m.  (corr.  of 
Fornuolo,  dim.  of  Forno) ;  dark  lantern 
used  in  catching  birds  or  fish  at  night. 
Andare  a  — ,  i.q.  Frugnolare  (i),  or  fig. 
to  go  out  at  night  for  amorous  ad- 
ventures. Prendere  a  — ,  to  take  the 
first  that  comes. 

Frugolare  ind.  frugolo  (dim.  Fru- 
gare); i.  to  rummage.  2.  of  a  pig,  to 
root.  3.  to  search  minutely.  4.  to 
dig,  etc.,  feebly,  as  an  old  man. 


FRUGOLETTO— FUCO 


261 


Frugol-^tto  or  -ino ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Friigol-o  m.,  -a/;  i.  fidgety  little 
child.  2.  person  ready  to  undertake 
everything.  3.  a  kind  of  firework,  usu. 
Topi  matti  or  Salterelli.  Aff.  -e^to,  -ino 
dims,  vezz.,  -one  augm. 

Frugdne  m.  (A) ;  v.  Forgone.  (B)  ; 
v.  Frugare. 

*i.  stirring  pole  or  stick,     ii.  poke,  thrust. 

*Frui;  L.  word  used  for  Godimento,  D.  Par. 
19.  2. 

Fru-ire  ind.  -isco,  parts,  fruente,  fruito  (L.); 
to  enjoy  the  fruits  of.  Aff.  -ibile,  -itivo,  -izjiSne. 

Frulla  /  ;  i.  =Frullo.  2.  next  to 
nothing. 

Frullan-a  /  (A)  (It.  frullare,  from 
the  sweeping  motion) ;  scythe. 

(B)  (var.  of  Furlana,  ff.v.);  i.  rustic 
dance.  2.  Gli  salto  la  — ,  he  lost  his 
temper.  3.  Far  ballare  la  — ,  to  whip. 

Frullanare  ind.  frullano ;  to  mow. 

Frull-are  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  imit. 
like  Frufru) ;  i.  (cook.)  to  beat  up. 

2.  to   spin   round,   as    a    top.      3.    of 
partridges,  etc.,  to  whir  in  rising.    4.  Far 
— ,   to   urge   into   vigorous   action,   to 
smarten.     5.  to  have  a  whim ;  Quando 
gli   comincia  a   —   il   capo   non  ci   si 
campa,  when  he  begins  to  take  fancies 
into  his  head  it  is  something  intolerable ; 
La  gli  -a,  he  has  a  fancy  for  it. 

*i.  =  Batterc.  ii.  fig.  to  kill.  tjii.  =  Usare  con 
femmina.  tiv.  Olio  -ato,  that  obtained  by  use  of 
the  Frullino,  q.v.  (3). 

Frulle'tto  m.  ;  pop.  for  Folletto, 
goblin. 

Frullino  m.;  i.  egg-whip.  2.  =  Trot- 
tola,  top,  teetotum  ;  Essere,  Parere  il  — , 
i.e.  to  be  never  still  or  never  of  the 
same  mind  two  minutes  running.  3.  an 
instrument  for  getting  extra  oil  from 
the  pulp  of  crushed  olives.  4.  jack- 
snipe,  v.  Beccaccino  (2).  *a  mere 
nothing. 

Frullfo  m. ;  whirring. 

Frullo  m.;  i.  v.  Frullare.  2.  Tirare 
a  — ,  to  shoot  a  bird  as  it  rises. 

3.  Pigliare  a  — ,  fig.  (a)  to  catch  (a 
person)  as  he  comes  out,  (b)  to  be  quick 
in  understanding  instructions.     4.  Ca- 
pitare,   Trovare   a   — ,   i.e.   as   it  may 
happen,  without  prearrangement.    5.  = 
Frullone. 

Frull6n-e  m. ;  i.  bolter,  apparatus 
for  separating  the  flour  from  the  bran 
in  milling.  2.  bolter,  as  the  device  of 
the  Florentine  Academy,  v.  Crusca  (5). 
Its  motto  is,  II  piii  bel  fior  ne  coglie,  it 
takes  the  finest  flowers  (flour),  Fior 
being  for  Fior  di  farina.  Hence,  Devoto 
del  — ,  precisian  in  speaking.  3.  knife- 
grinder's  wheel  for  turning  the  grind- 
stone. 

*i.  Lingua  di  — ;  jerky  speaking,  ii.  toy-mill, 
iii.  a  four-wheeled  gtg.  Aff.  -cino  aim.,  -ico  spreg. 
precisian. 

Frument-aceo ;  cereal,  -ale ;  (geol.) 
(rock)  showing  the  impress  of  corn, 
•-are;  to  forage,  -ario;  adj.  -o  m.; 
=  Grano,  corn. 

Etytu.     L. ,  7'.  Skeat,  sub  Frumenty,  fruit. 


Frument6ne  m. ;  maize,  ^>.  Gran- 
turco. 

*Frummi-a  f.\  bustle.  Tutta  Pistoia  era. ..in 
— ,  in  a  ferment.  Aff.  '-are  vb.,  *-oso  =  Brigatore. 

*  Frusberta  ;  v.  Fusberta. 

Fruscc  ! ;  intit.  of  a  rustling  sound,  v.  Fruscio. 

*  Frusciare ;  i.  to  creep  about  curiously  in  search 
of  information,    ii.  tr.  =  Seccare,  to  bore.     tiii.  the 
rustle  of  a  snake. 

tFrusciata  f. ;  i.  hard  rubbing,  ii.  roar  of 
heavy  rain. 

Fruscfo  m.  (either  imit.,  or<  Frusco) ; 
rustling.  tFar  — ,  to  make  a  noise  in 
the  world,  become  famous. 

t  Frusciu ;  =  Fisciu. 

*  Frusco  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  dead  twig. 

*  Fruscolare  ;  to  make  a  minute  search. 
Fruscolo  >». ;  pop.  for  Bruscolo,  scrap.     *i.  = 

Fuscello,  twig.     ii.    female  bead-ornament. 
t  Frusio  m. ;  =  Brusio,  turmoil. 

Frusdn-e  m.  (etym.  unkn.);  i.  haw- 
finch, Coccothraustes  vulgaris,  also 
termed  Frogione,  Frosone.  2.  admirer 
(of  a  woman).  Aff.  -accio  pegg. 

Fmssi  (Frusso)  m. ;  i.q.  Flusso  (3), 
flush.  *  =  Primiera. 

*  Frusso  m. ;  i.  =  Frussi.     ii.  =  Rumore. 

Frusta  /  (A)  (L.  fustis,  with  in- 
trusive r,  cp.  Proven?,  fronda,  <  L. 
funda  ;  ior  fustis,  v.  Fusto) ;  whip. 

*(B);  i.  =  Frusto.  ii.  =  Scheggia.  *(C);  =  L. 
frustra,  in  vain. 

Frustagno  (Fustagno)  m.  (Arabic 
fustat,  a  suburb  of  Cairo  whence  the 
stuff  first  came,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ; 
fustian. 

Frustaio  m. ;  whip-maker. 

*  Frustamattoni  m. ;  one  who  goes  about  shops 
but  never  buys. 

tFrustano  /».;  =  Frustagno,  fustian. 

Frusta-p£nne,  -pennello  m. ;  worthless  writer 
or  artist. 

Frust-are  (It.  frusta);  i.  to  whip; 
Pagare  il  boia  perche  ci  frusti,  prov.  for 
rendering  a  service  which  is  returned 
by  an  injury.  2.  fig.  to  castigate.  3.  to 
wear  out  (clothes)  by  rough  usage. 
4.  spreg.  to  frequent  (music-halls,  public- 
houses).  5.  in  gilding  the  leaves  of  a 
book,  to  throw  the  gilt  on  unevenly. 
*part.  -ato  deceived. 

Aff.  -ata,  'atina  dim.,  -atore,  -atura. 

Frustin-ello  m. ;  dim.  of  -o,  dandy. 

Frustino  m.;  i.  riding-whip.  2. 
dandy. 

Frust-o  (A) ;  tattered,  v.  Frustare  (3). 

(B)  as  sb.  (L.) ;  piece,  but  only  when 
adopting  Dante's  phrase,  Par.  6.    141, 
—  a  — ,  bit  by  bit. 

*i.  past  child-bearing,  ii.  (Medaglia)  -a,  worn 
down,  illegible.  As  sb.:  iii.  =  Pezzetto,  piece,  iv.  miser- 
able  wretch,  v.  =  Bastone,  stick,  vi.  Frusta,  whip, 
vii.  frustrum  of  a  cone.  viii.  =  Scaglia  della  sella, 
upper  part  of  the  saddle. 

Frust-6na  attgni.  of  -a,  -oncino  dim.,  -one 
augm.  of  -o ;  big  stick  or  big  riding-whip. 

Frustraneo;  vain. 

Frustr-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -atura,  -atorio. 

Frtitic-e  m.  (L.) ;  shrub.  Aff.  -ello, 
-e'tto  dims.,  -dto  shrubbery,  -o!6so  (plant) 
with  woody  stem,  -6so  shrub-like. 

Frutt-a/  (var.  of  Frutto) ;  a  single 
fruit  of  any  kind.  The  word  is  also 
used  as//./  of  Frutto,  (single)  fruit. 

*  i.*  -e  acconce,  pickles,    ii.   Dar  le  -e,  setters,  to 
give  hard  knocks. 

•Frutt-aggio  in.,  *-aglia  /.;  fruit  of  various 
kinds. 


Fruttaia  / ;  strip  of  arable  ground 
between  two  rows  of  fruit-trees. 

Frutt-aio  ;  bringing  fruit,  -ai&lo  m., 
-aibla/;  fruit-seller,  -ame  m. ;  fruit  of 
various  kinds,  esp.  in  a  painting,  -are  ; 
to  produce,  -ata/  ;  tart  of  candied  fruit, 
-ato;  i.  planted  with  fruit-trees.  2.  as 
sb.,  yield  of  fruit,  -erella/,  -erello  m., 
dim.  vezz.  of  -a  or  -o.  -<§to  in. ;  orchard, 
-icello  in. ;  i.q.  -erello.  -idbro  m. ;  Fruc- 
tidor,  the  last  month  of  the  French  re- 
publican calendar,  Aug.  18  to  Sept.  18. 
-iera  /  ;  fruit-dish,  -ifero  ;  fruitful, 
-ificare,  -ificazidne,  -iflco ;  as  E. 
-iveiidolo  m.,  -iydndola/  ;  fruit-seller. 
-fvoro;  fruit-eating. 

Frutt-O  >n.  with  //.  frutti  m.  or 
frutta/,  v.  supra,  Frutta  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Fruit);  i.  fruit.  2.  profit;  Dare, 
Prendere  a  — ,  to  borrow,  or  lend  at 
interest.  3.  fruit-tree.  4.  -i  di  mare, 
edible  sea-molluscs.  5.  Andare,  Man- 
dare  a  — ,  of  a  cow,  to  go  or  send  to 
the  bull;  (Bestia)  da  — ,  kept  for 
breeding.  Aff.  -uosame'nte,  -u6so. 

tFruzzicare  (either  for  Fuzzicare,  with  intrusive 
r,  or<**frucicare,  for  **/urcicaret<L..  furca^  v. 
Frugare) ;  =  Ricercare,  to  seek  for. 

tFruzzicow. ;  t.  =  Specie  di  cavicchio.  ii.  lively 
boy. 

Ftiriasi  /. ;  phthiriasis. 
Ftisuriay;;  (tned.)  diabetes. 

Fu  (A)  (It.  fu,  was) ;  late,  deceased. 

(B) ;  =  Fru.  Fu  fu  e  poi  non  ha 
fatto  nulla,  he  made  a  lot  of  fuss  and 
nothing  came  of  it  whatever. 

(C);  (hot.)  garden  valerian,  Valeriana  pku. 
t  Fubbrico  ;  pop.  for  Pubblico. 

Fucacee  /  pi.  (L.  /ucus,  <  Gr.  <£UKO?,  sea- 
weed, <  Hebrew  puk,  to  dye);  (&>/.)  seaweeds, 
fucactae. 

*Fucato(L.);=Finto,  ARettato. 
Fuciacca/;;  v.  Fusciacca.     t=Cravatta. 

Fuciac-C0  or  -chio  m.  (Oriental 
word,  prob.  from  the  name  of  the  place 
where  the  stuff  was  first  made) ;  an 
embroidered  piece  of  velvet  placed  over 
the  Crucifix  when  carried  in  procession. 

t  Fucigndne  in. ;  large  white  grub  found  in  pears. 
Fucil-accio  pegg.,  -are  to  shoot  (by  way  of 
military  execution),    -ata  shot,    -atdre,   -azi6ne 
vbsbs.\   v.  -e. 

Fuclle  m.  (L.  facile,  steel  of  a  flint 
and  steel,  which,  from  use  in  a  flint- 
lock musket,  came  to  mean  the  musket, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Fusil);  gun,  musket. 
Tiro  di  — ,  gun-shot,  as  a  measure  of 
distance. 

*i.  =Acciarino.  ii.  (<i«a/.)=Focile.  iii.  leg  of  a 
scorpion,  iv.  collar  of  the  Golden  Fleece. 

Fucil-iera/;  =  Feritoia,  loop-hole, 
-iere  m. ;  fusilier, 
of -e. 


-Ino  m. ;  dim.  vezz. 


Fucfn-a  (Focina)/  (L.  officina,for 
opificina,  workshop,  altered  under  the 
influence  of  focus,  hearth);  i.  smithy. 
2.  fig.  manufactory  of  lies,  calumnies, 
etc.,  but  sometimes  in  good  sense. 

Aff.  -die  puddling  furnace,  *-ata  = 
Sfucinata,  -ato  wrought  iron,  -are  to 
forge,  -atura. 

FucitcyC;  (gfot.)  rock  showing  impressions  of 
seaweed. 

Fuco  m. ;  i.  drone-bee.  2.  (bot.) 
grass- wrack, sea-tang,of  various  species, 


262 


•viz.  (a)  —  ceranoide,  buck's  horn,  Fucus 
ceranoides,  (b}  -  -  mangiabile,  edible 
tang,  Fucus  esculentus^  (c)  —  filante, 
sea-thread,  Fucus  filans,  (d)  —  nodoso, 
sea-whistle,  Fucus  nodosus^  (e)  —  pin- 
natifido,  pepper-dulse,  Fucus  pinnati- 
fidus.  3.  dye  from  sea-tang. 

Etym.  L.  fucus  in  both  senses,  but  the  L. 
word  is  from  different  sources,  viz.  as  seaweed<Gr. 
<  Hebrew,  &.  Fucacee,  and  as  drone  from  **  bhoikos^ 
akin  to  O.H.G.  bint  (>  Germ.  Biftie),  A.S.  bep 
(>  E.  bee),  Irish  beck,  bee,  the  root  of  which  is 
thought  by  Walde  to  be  bheua,  to  build,  referring 
to  bees'  nests,  or  it  may  be  as  indicated  by  Skeat, 
sub  Bee. 

Fucsia  or  Fussiay^;  (bot.)  fuchsia,  also  termed 
Orecchini  di  dama,  Pianta  da  pendenti,  named  after 
L.  Fuchs,  a  Bavarian  botanist  of  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. 

Fucsinayi;  (cA^w.)  aniline  red. 
*Fuffigno  m,'t  knot  in  a  skein  of  wool. 

Fug-a/(L.,7A  Skeat,  j«^ Fugitive);  I. 
flight.  2.  escape  (of  gas).  3.  (w/#j.)fugue. 

Aff.  -ace,  -aceme'nte,  -acita,  -are  to  put  to  flight. 
*Fugga_/I;   i.  =  Fuga.     ii.    Prendere  una  — ,  to 
be  obstinately  determined. 

Fuggente;/rfj.  part.  Fuggire. 
Fugg-£vole;  /.</.  Fugace.     Aff.  -evolezza. 

Fuggiasc-o;  fugitive  from  justice. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

Fuggibile ;  undesirable,  to  be 
avoided. 

Fuggifatica  m.  indecl. ;  shirker. 

Fuggifuggi  m. ;  Vi  fu  un  —  generale, 
every  one  tried  to  save  himself. 

Fuggilbzio  m. ;  pastime. 

Fuggire  ind.  fuggo  fuggi  fugge 
fuggiamo  fuggite  fuggono,  perf.  fuggii, 
imperat.  fuggi,  subj.  fugga  or  (poet.) 
fuggia,  parts,  fuggente  fuggfto  (L.,  v. 
Fuga) ;  I.  to  flee.  2.  to  shun.  3.  A 
scappa  e  fuggi,  in  furious  haste.  4.  — 
le  calcagna,  of  a  horse,  to  move  side- 
ways in  response  to  pressure  from  the 
heels  or  feet  of  his  rider. 

Aff.  Fuggit-ivam£nte,  -ivo,  -ore,  -rice. 
*  Fuio  (L.y«r,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Furtive)  ;  i.  thievish, 
ij.  bidden. 

*Fulcinay^;  skin  of  an  unborn  lamb. 
*Fulcire  (L.,  7-.  Folcere);  to  prop. 
*Fulcro  in.  (\-..,<fulcire,  v.  Folcere);  as  E. 
Fulfena;  v.  Folena,  ashes. 

Fulg-ere,  only  used  in  part,  -ente  (\*.fulgere\ 
the  stem  is  a  metathesis  of,/?^-,  cp.  Gr.  <£Aof,  v. 
Skeat, sub  Fulgent);  to  shine  brightly.  Aff.  -id£zza, 
-ido. 

Fulgor-are,  -e;  v.  Folgor-. 
Fulgor£lle  f.  \  a  genus  of  tropical  fire-flies. 
Fulgura ;  v.  Folgore. 
Fuhcetta/;=Folaga,  coot. 
*Fulicone  m.\  dark-skinned  person. 

Fuliggin-e/;  =  Filiggine,  soot.  Aff. 
-oso. 

*Fullone  «.;=Follone,  dyer. 

Fulmaro  m. ;  fulmar  petrel,  Procellaria  glaci- 
alis. 

Fulmicot6ne  m. ;  gun-cotton. 

Fulminante  m.\  i.  sulphur  match. 
2.  percussion-cap. 

Fulmin-are    ind.   fulmino ;    i.    to    strike    by 
lightning.     2.    to   fulminate.      Aff.   -ato  sb.  (chem.) 
as  K.,  -atore  -atrice  -azione  vbsbs.,  -e  thunderbolt, 
•eo  lightning-like,  -10  incessant  lightning. 
*Fulvido;  i.  =  Fulgido,  bright,    ii.  yellow. 

Fulvo  (L.);  tawny. 

Fumabile;  smokable. 
Fumacchino  m. ;  dim.  Fumacchio. 

Fumacchio  ///. ;  I.  smoky  charcoal, 
due  to  uncarbonised  wood.  2.  spreg.  — 
Fumigazione.  3.  smoke-hole  in  a  vol- 
canic district,  fumarole. 


FUCHSIA— FUORI 


Fum-accio  in.',  J 


t-aidla/I;  tobacco- 


Fumaiblo  m. ;  i.  the  smoke-holes 
at  the  top  of  a  chimney.  2.  =  Fumac- 
chio (i)  or  (3).  3.  charcoal-burner's 
pole  for  making  apertures  in  the  stack 
of  burning  charcoal  for  escape  of  smoke. 

4.  (mar.)  funnel. 

*  Fumale  ;  v.  Funale. 

*Fumana/?;  i.  mist  rising  like  smoke,   ii.  smoke 
made  as  a  signal. 

Fum-are;  i.  to  smoke.  2.  -arsela, 
=  Svignarsela,  to  be  off,  to  bolt.  3.  La 
gli  -a,  he  is  very  angry,  or  is  very  quick- 
tempered. 4.  scherz.  Gli  -a  il  naso,  he 
is  out  of  temper. 

*  i.  of  money,  to  be  brand  new.     ii.  to  be  smoky, 
i.e.   dull,   D.   Par.   21.    100.      iii.    to  kindle,   lit.    to 
cruise  to  smoke,  D.   Purg.  24.   153. 

Fumaria  /.;  (hot.}  fumitory,  z-.  Piede  (18,  i). 
t  Pigliar  1'  erba  — ,  to  go  away,  v.  Fumare  (2). 

Ktyin.  \*.  fuirius,  smoke.  This  genus  of  plants 
received  a  name  equivalent  to  earth-smoke  in  several 
European  covmtries  on  account  of  "its  abundance 
and  perhaps  its  curly  appearance  "  (Skeat).  Various 
other  explanations  are  given  but  seem  to  be  inven- 
tions later  than  the  name. 

Fumarubla/  ;  =  Fumacchio  (3). 
Fumamblo  m. ;  aperture  for  smoke 
at  the  top  of  a  flue,  v.  Fumaiolo. 

Fumasigari  m.  indecl.  ;  =  Bocchino, 
cigar-holder. 

Fumata   / ;     i.    puff    of    smoke. 

2.  smoke  as  a  signal. 

*Fumatico  m,\  tax  on  iron  manufacture. 

Fumat-ina/ ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 
Fumatdio  m. ;  smoking-room. 

Fum-at6re  M.,  -atdra,  -atrice  / ; 

smoker. 

*Fumea_/^;  i.   smokiness.     ii.   in//.,  vapours, 
low  spirits. 

*  Fumeggiare  ;  i.  to  send  out  smoke,    ii.  {faint.) 
=  Sfumare. 

Fume'tto  m. ;  anisette,  a  kind  of 
liqueur. 

Fumicare  ind.  fumico ;  to  steam,  as 
damp  clothes  on  heating. 

*i.  to  perfume,     ii.  =Affumicare,  to  fumigate. 

Fum-ic6so  or  *  -ido  ;  steamy. 
Fumigazi6ne/;  =  Suffumigio,  fumi- 
gation. 

Fumista  m. ;  one  who  attends  to 
the  setting  of  stoves,  grates,  heating- 
apparatus,  and  so  on. 

Fumivoro;  smoke  consuming. 
Fumm-are,  -o,  etc.;  v.  Fum-. 

Fum-o  (Fume)  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Fume);  I.  smoke.  2.  fume,  of  wine. 

3.  fig.  vanity.     4.    Vender  — ,  to  pre- 
tend to  be  more  than  one  is ;  Vendita 
di  — ,  getting  money  on  pretence   of 
ability    to     give     good     introductions. 

5.  smoky  bit  of  charcoal,  also  termed 
Fumacchio,  q.v.  (i).     6.    Nero  di   — , 
lamp-black.     7.  Dare  i  -i,  in  charcoal 
burning,  to  make  holes  round  the  base 
of  the  stack  for  admission  of  air.     Aff. 
-6so  adj.,  -osello  dim.,  -osita. 

Fumosterao  m. ;  (tot.)  —  bulboso, 
bulbous  fumitory,  Fumaria  bulbosa. 

Funaio  or  Funaidlo  m. ;  rope-maker 
or  dealer.  Fare  come  i  funai,  or 
funaioli,  i.e.  to  lose  ground,  since  a  man 


at  work  on  a  rope-walk  moves  back- 
wards. Esser  sempre  da  pie  come  i 
funai,  or  funaioli,  to  be  always  beginning 
again. 

'*  Funale  or  Fumale  in. ;   torch  made  of  tarred 
ropes. 

Funambol-o  or  Funambul-o  MI.,  -*  f.\  rope- 
dancer. 

Funame  m. ;  lot  of  ropes. 

Funata  / ;  i.  blow  with  a  rope's 
end.  2.  string  of  prisoners. 

*FundayC;=  Fionda,  sling. 

Fun-e  /  (L.);  i.  rope.  2.  in//., 
the  long  rays  seen  coining  down  from 
the  sun  through  a  gap  in  the  clouds ; 
Attaccarsi  alle  -i  del  cielo,  to  cling  to 
an  impossible  hope.  3.  Sta  ritto  sulle 
-i,  i.e.  he  is  scarcely  able  to  stand. 
4.  the  rack,  strictly  the  rope  of  the 
rack.  5.  Acqua  alle  -i,  v.  Acqua  (20). 

Fun-ebre  gloomy,  -erale,  -erario,  -ereo  ; 
as  E. 

Funest-amente;  lamentably,  -are;  to  vex. 
-o  adj.  (L.  fuftestus,  <  **_/«««,  stem  of  funus, 
burial). 

Fung-ay!;  mouldiness.     -accio/*-^.  of  -o. 

Fungaia/;  i.  mushroom-bed.  2.  fig. 
profusion. 

*Fungare;=Infunghire,  to  grow  mouldy. 

Fungato ;  only  in  the  prov.  Anno  — 
anno  tribolato,  the  year  is  bad  if  it  is 
good  for  mushrooms. 

Fiingere,  noperf.  or  part.  (L.fungor, 
orig.  meaning  to  get  rid  of) ;  to  act  for, 
to  function. 

Fungh-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  get 
mouldy.  2.  fig.  to  lie  unused. 

Fungibile  ;  (leg.)  of  an  article  bor- 
rowed, replaceable  by  another  of  similar 
value  and  character. 

Fung-o,  pi.  funghi,  m.  (L.,  borrowed 
from  Gr.  (r<j>6yyos,  from  the  spongy 
nature  of  a  fungus);  i.  (hot.}  fungus, 
mushroom.  2.  -  -  da  esca,  German 
tinder  fungus,  Boletus  fomentarius. 

3.  -  -    filigrano,    Clathrus    denudatus. 

4.  —  di  gelatino,  earth-jelly,  Tremella 
auricula,  also  termed  Orecchiodi  Mida. 

5.  —  or  Mitra,   di   vescovo,   bishop's 
mitre  mushroom,  Helvetia  mitra ;  see 
also  Bucherella,  Cantarello,  Ceppatello, 
Ditole,  Ovolo,  Porcino,  Prataiolo.    6.  — 
di   Malta,   Maltese  scarlet  mushroom- 
plant,  Cynoinorium  coccineum,  v.  Cino- 
morio.      7.    anything    shaped    like    a 
mushroom,  such  as  a  hat,  the  rose  of 
a  watering-pot,  end   of  a  clothes-peg, 
snuff  of  a  candle.     8.  Erba  da  funghi, 
lesser  field  calamint,  v.  Nepitella. 

Ajf.  -olino  dim.,  .osita,  -oso  mouldy. 
*Funicchio  m. ;  =  Funicella,  Funicolo. 

Fun-icella  dim.  vezz.,  -icina  dim.,  -icellina 
sub-dim.,  of -e. 

Funicolare;  i.  umbilical.     2.  as  E. 

Funicolo  m. ;  i.  (anat.)  umbilical 
cord.  2.  (bat.)  funicle  attaching  the 
seed  to  the  placenta. 

Funzi6n-ey:;  function.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -drio, 
-cella  dim. 

Fubco;  v.  Foco. 
Fubra,  Fuorche;  v.  Fuori. 
*Fuor-  or  For-chiudere;  to  shut  out. 

Fubri,  Fubra,  Fubr  (L.  fan's,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Door)  ;  i.  without,  out 


FUORICHE— FUSTA 


263 


beyond,  except ;  Son  — ,  or  Mi  chiamo 
— ,  I  am  out,  I  have  won.  2.  Aver  — , 
to  have  out  on  loan.  3.  --  che,  or 
Fuorche,  unless.  4.  Dar  di  — ,  (a)  to 
miss,  (6}  to  boil  over,  (c)  of  a  river,  to 
overflow.  5.  —  de'  denti,  (to  speak) 
severely,  outrageously.  6.  (a)  —  di, 
except ;  (f>)  Di  — ,  out  of  doors,  away; 
(c)  Non  e  di  —  che  ...,  it  is  possible 
that  ...  ;  (d)  Di  — ,  as  sb.,  the  outside. 
7.  —  di  figliuoli,  past  the  age  for  child- 
bearing.  8.  Fuor  — ,  =  Da  parte  a 
parte,  right  through.  9.  In  — ,  except ; 
Da  questo  in  — ,  except  this.  10.  - 
di  maniera,  extraordinarily.  11.  —  di 
mano,  out  of  the  way,  v.  Mano  (38). 
12.  —  di  misura,  above,  or  below,  the 
proper  size.  13.  —  di  mode,  or  d'  or- 
dine,  excessively.  14.  Esser  —  del  suo 
obbligo,  to  have  discharged  one's  obli- 
gation. 15.  — d'  ordine,  v.  supra  (13). 
16.  —  di  pasto,  (to  eat)  at  other  than 
the  proper  meal-times.  17.  —  di  se, 
(a)  beside  oneself  with  rage,  (6)  delirious. 

1 8.  —  di  strada,  out  of  the  way,  lost. 

19.  —  di  tempo,  (a)  inopportune,  (b) 
(mus.)  out  of  time.    20.  — •  d'  uso,  obso- 
lete.    21.  —  via,  away,  out  of  the  way, 
distant.     22.  —  voglia,  unwillingly. 

Fuorich&  ;  v.  Fuori  (3). 
Fuori  via,  Fuoravia ;  v.  Fuori  (2 1 ). 
Fuoruscito  m. ;  exile. 
Fuorviare  ;  i.q.  Forviare,  to  stray. 

*Fuorvoglia;  unwillingly. 

*Fur   >//.;    Latinism,  =  Ladro,    thief.     *Furace 
adj. 

Furare ;  (pott  )-  Rubare,  to  steal.     *  to  ravish. 

*  Furastico ;  boorish. 

*  Furba  /.;    i.    roguery,    ii.  =  La  campana  del 
bargello. 

Furbacchi-61o  dim.  vezz.,  -6neaufin.,  -dtto 
dim.,  of  Furbo. 

Furb-accio  i.q.  -acchione;  -accidne  augm. 
pegg.;  -amente  ad-j. ;  -eria  j£. ;  -eridla dim.  vezz. 
of  -eria ;  -iuccia  =  -iola;  -escamente  adv. ;  -esco 
sly,  Lingua  -esca  thieves'  slang;  -ettaccio  dim. 
vezz.  of -etto ;  -etto  dim.  vezz.  of  -o;  -ettolo  i.ij. 
-acchiolo ;  -f  ria  slyness,  in  good  sense ;  r.  -o. 

Furb-o  (cogn.  Fr.  fourte,  prob.  akin 
to  Forbire,  q.v.)  ;  wide  awake,  clever, 
cunning,  but  not  always  in  bad  sense. 
I  -i  da  ultimo  son  minchioni,  or  —  vuol 
dir  minchione,  i.e.  roguery  means  failure 
in  the  end.  Aff.  -one  augm. 

t  Furcatay; ;  a  species  of  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5,  e). 

Furchetta  A;  fop.  for  Forchetta,  fork. 
*Furcifero  (L.);=Scellerato,  wicked. 

*  Pure  ;  T.  Furo. 

Furente  (L.,  v.  Furia);  furious. 
Fureria;  v.  Foreria. 

Fur6tto  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  furet,  <  bit. 
furetus,<L.  fur,  thief;  cp.  old  Span. 
furon,  Proven^,  furons)  ;  ferret. 

Furfant-accio  pegg.,  -aggine  — -eria,  -aglia 
collection  of  rogues,  -are  vb. ;  v.  -e. 

Furfant-e  m.  (old  It.  forfare,  q.v.) ; 
rascal,  beggar. 

Aff.  -eggiare  i.tj.  -are,  -ello  dim.,  -erfe,  -esco. 

Furfantlna/ ;  i.  Gli  sonaron  la—, 
they  made  cat's  music  for  him.  2.  Bat- 
tere  la  — ,  to  have  the  teeth  chattering 
from  cold. 

Furfantln-0  ;  rascally.  Lingua  -a, 
thieves'  slang. 

Furfantdne  m. ;  augm.  Furfante. 

*  Furfare  (var.  of  Forfare);  to  cheat,  to  steal. 


*Furfuraceo(L.);  like  bran. 

*  Furfurare ;  to  pilfer. 
Furgdne;  v.  Forgone. 

*  Fun  ;=  Fuori,  outside. 

Fliri-a  /  (L.,  <furere,  to  rage)  ; 
I.  fury.  2.  furious  haste.  3.  A  —  di 
percosse,  by  showering  down  blows ; 
A  —  di  vituperii,  by  a  flood  of  abuse. 

4.  In  fretta  e  — ,  in  a  violent  hurry. 

5.  Esserci   le  -e,  to  be  in   full  swing ; 
lersera  c'  eran   le  -e   per  ballare,   ora 
c'  e   la  —  di  giocare,  last  night  they 
danced  most  vigorously,  now  they  are 
at  it  with  cards. 

Furi-accia  pegg.  -a.     -ata,  =  Sfuriata,  rush. 

Furib6ndo;  furious. 
t  Furicare;=Frugacchiare,  to  rummage. 
tFuricchio  ;«.  ;=FanciulIo  vispo,  brisk  boy. 
t  Furic6ne  tn. ;  —  Fruciandolo,  sweep's  brush. 

Furiere;  v.  Foriere. 

Furi-etta,  -ettina;  dim.,  sub-dim,  of -a. 

Furi6s-o;  as  E.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -amente, 
-etto  dim. 

Furldn-o  or  pop.  Frullano  (for  etym., 
i>.  Friulano)  ;  i.  of  Friuli,  a  province 
near  Venice.  2.  -a  as  si>.,  a  lively  kind 
of  dance  formerly  in  vogue.  3.  Balestra 
-a,  tanto  agli  amici  che  a'  nemici,  cata- 
pult that  may  send  its  bolt  anywhere. 

*  Furneccio  m.  (formed  from  L.y"«ron  the  model 
of  Ladroneccio)  ;=  Furto,  theft. 

•Furo  or  *Fure  m.  (A)  (L.  fur,  root  tker,  to 
carry,  standing  to/ero  as  the  coett.  Gr.  Awo  to  Ae'pw) ; 
thief.  t(B);=Foro. 

Furdre  m.  (L.,  <fur?re,  to  rage)  ; 
i.  rage.  2.  enthusiastic  admiration  (as 
the  Italian  word  is  used  in  English). 
3.  poetic  inspiration,  fire. 

Furoreggiare  ;  scherz.  —  Far  furore, 
to  make  a  hit. 

Furt-erello  dim.,  -ivamente  adv.,  -\voadj.; 
v.  -o. 

Furto  m.  (L.,</ur,  thief,  v.  Furo); 

1.  theft.     2.  plagiarism. 

Fus-a  / ;  irreg.  pi.  of  Fuso. 

Fusaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Fuso. 

Fusagginey:  (It.  fuso);  (tot.)  i.  —  americana, 
EuoHymus  Americantis,  or  the  kindred  species 
atropurpnreus,  both  of  which  have  the  English 
names  of  burning  bush,  Indian  arrow-tree,  or 
American  spindle-tree.  2.  —  cotnune,  spindle- 
wood,  Euonyntus  Europaeus,  also  termed  Fusano, 
Fusaria,  Berretta  da  prete,  Evonimo  d'  Europa, 
Silio. 

Fusai-o<«.,  -A/.;  seller  of  spindles. 

Fusaibla  or  Fusarbla  / ;  i.  rack  for 
holding  spindles.  2.  (arch.)  spindle- 
shaped  ornament. 

Fusaiblo  or  Fusar61o  m. ;  a  heavy 
ring  threaded  on  to  the  bottom  point  of 
the  spindle  to  make  it  spin  uniformly. 

Fusano  ///. ;  v.  Fusaggine  (2). 

*  Fusare:  to  purr. 
*Fusarello  m. ;  dim.  Fuso. 

Fusariay: ;  (bot.)  spindle-wood,  v.  Fusaggine  (2). 

Fusar61-a,  -o  ;  v.  Fusaiol-a,  -o. 
Fusata  /  ;  a  spindle-full  of  thread. 
Fusato  ;  i.q.  Affusato,  tapering. 

•Fusberta./;  the  name  of  Rinaldo's  sword  in 
Ariosto. 

Fuscell-etto  m.;  dim.  -o. 

Fuscelllno   m. ;    i.    dim.    Fuscello. 

2.  (Cercare)  col  — ,  minutely,  pedanti- 
cally, zealously.    3.  straight  stroke  made 
by  a  child  learning  to  write.    *Rompere 
il  — ,  to  quarrel. 


Fusc&llo  m.  (It.  **fusticello,  <  L. 
fusttcutus, dim.  of /ustis,  stick);  i.  small 
dry  stick.  2.  bit  of  straw.  3.  fig.  thin 
person  or  thin  leg.  4.  Reggersi  su'  -i, 
or  sugli  stecrhi,  fig.  of  a  business,  to  be 
hardly  able  to  keep  going.  5.  in  />/., 
stilts.  *  =  Paniuzza. 

Fasciacca,  Fuciacca  /  ;  sash,  v. 
Fusciacchio. 

Fusciac-chio,  -co  m. ;  v.  Fuciacco. 

Fusciarra  /  (prob.  for  **Fasciar- 
ra,  <  It.  fare,  sciarra,  noisy  strife); 
scamp. 

*  Fuscina  yC;  =  Fiocina,  gaff. 

*  Fusella  f. ;  =  Strumento  a  rote  da  torcer  funi. 

Fusell-ato ; = Fusato,  tapering.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Fusellfno  m. ;  i.  dim.  Fusello.  2.= 
Spadin;i,  head-ornament  for  women. 
3.  — ,  or  Pettine  a  — ,  a  kind  of  comb 
for  curling  a  woman's  hair. 

Fusdllo  m. ;  i.  end  of  an  axle,  the 
part  inside  the  nave  of  the  wheel.  2.  any 
cylindrical  object. 

Fuseragnolo  m. ;  i.  tall,  thin  man. 

2.  a  species  of  parasitic  worm. 

Fuser611o  HI.  ;  dim.  Fuso. 

*  Fuserola  ;  v.  Fusarola. 
Fusibil-e,  -ita;  as  E. 

tFusic-o  in.;  v.  Fuzzico.     Aff.  -one  augm. 
Fusieray:;  spindle-holder. 
Fusi-f6rme  ;  as  E.     -no  m.;  dim.  Fuso. 
Fusidney;;  as  E. 
Fuso ;  fart.  Fondere.     *  As  adj.,  diffuse. 

Fuso  in.,  with  //.  fusi  /«.,  or  fusa  f. ; 
i.  spindle.  2.  iron  pin  passed  through 
a  reel  on  which  thread  is  to  be  wound. 

3.  pin  to  serve  as  the  pivot  for  a  wool- 
winder,   v.   Arcolaio.      4.    mandrel,   a 
somewhat    similar    pin    in   a    turning- 
lathe.      5.    (arc/i.)  shaft   of  a   column. 
6.   (print.)  fusiform  line  for  separating 
paragraphs,    headlines,   etc.      7.    in   a 
water-mill,  that  part  of  the  arbour  or 
axle  of  the  mill-wheel  which  passes  into 
the  walls  of  the  mill,  also  termed  Fu- 
solo.    8.  shaft  of  a  capstan  or  windlass. 
9.  (geom.)  axis  of  a  pyramid.    10.  sound- 
ing-rod  used   by   customs   officers   for 
poking  into  a  load  of  hay  or  the  like  to 
search  for  contraband,     n.  point  (of  a 
stag's  horns).     12.   (mar.)  shank  of  an 
anchor,  also  termed  Asia.     13.  scherz. 
the  closed  fist.     14.    Far  le  fusa,  of  a 
cat,  to  purr.     15.  Fusa  torte,  horns  of 
a  cuckold  ;    Campare  di  fusa  torte,  to 
live  by  a  wife's  prostitution.    16.  spindle- 
shell,  Fusus,  a  genus  of  marine  molluscs. 
17.  in  bell-founding,  the  wooden  frame- 
work of  the  form. 

Etym.  L.  fusus,  spindle  ;  of  unknown  origin, 
since  the  meaning  precludes  derivation  homfuttdere, 
to  melt. 

*  Fusoliera  /. ;  barge  of  light  draught. 
Fusolo  m. ;  v.  Fuso  (7).     *  i.  =  Stinco,  shin-bone. 

ii.  =  Fusto,  tree-stem. 

Fus6ne  m.;  deer  two  years  old.  *A  — ,  in 
plenty. 

Fus6ri-o;  Arte  -a,  art  of  metal-casting. 

Fussiayi;  (6ot.)v.  Fucsia. 

•Fustay:;   i.    (mar.)  pirate  galley,     ii.  =  Fiac- 
cola,  torch,     iii.    rope  made  of  rushes. 

Etym.  In  sense  (i)  <  bit.  fusta,  beam,  <  I,. 
/ustis,  v.  Fusto;  this  may  also  account  for  sense  (ii), 
but  will  not  do  for  (iii). 


264 


FUSTAGNO— GADO 


Fustagno  m. ;    v.   Frustagno,  fus- 
tian. 

Fustaio  m. ;  saddle-frame  maker. 

*Fustaneo  adj. ;  v.  Frustagno,  fustian. 

*  Fustano,    *  Fustante    in. ;  =  Frustagno,    fus- 
tian. 

Fustato ;    (herald.}    (tree)    with    a    trunk    of 
different  colour. 

*  Fustibalo  m. ;  a  kind  of  sling. 

Fusticlno  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Fusto. 

Fustig-are    ind.  fustigo ;    to   beat, 
whip.     Aff.  -azione. 


Fustino  m. ;  dim.  Fusto. 

Fusto  m.  (L.  fusiis,  club);  i.  stem 
of  a  plant.  2.  frame  of  a  bed  or  other 
furniture.  3.  stick  of  an  umbrella.  4. — 
della  stadera,  the  arm  of  a  steel-yard 
carrying  the  sliding  weight.  5.  shaft  of 
a  key  (usu.  Cannello),  or  of  a  bolt  or 
column.  6.  empty  cask.  7.  Doppio  — , 
the  rough  cask  inside  which  a  cask  of 
wine  is  fastened  for  transport.  8.  trunk 
of  the  body  ;  Donna  bella  di  —  ma 
brutta  nel  viso,  woman  with  a  fine 


figure  but  not  good  features.     9.    butt 
of  a  gun. 

*i.  =  Lancia,     ii.  =Asse.     iii.  (mar.")-  Fusta  (i). 

Fustuccio  m.;  dim.  pegg.  Fusto. 
*Futa/;  =  Fuga,  flight. 

Fut-ile,  -ilita,  -ilmente;  as  E.  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Futile). 

Futur-o  (L.,  -a.  Skeat,  sub  Future);  as  E.  Per 
parola  di  — ,  under  promise  of  marriage.  A  -a  con- 
segna,  for  forward  delivery. 

tFuzzicare;  to  search  about,  lit.  to  search  with 
a  Fuzzico. 

t  Fuzzico  (Fusico)  m.  (**fusticus,  <  L.  fustis, 
v.  Fusto ;  the  existence  of  **/usticiis  is  further 
evidenced  by  the  Sardinian  dial,  fustigu) ;  short 
stick. 


G  m.,  sometimes/. ;  pronounced  Gi. 
It  interchanges  with  b  (Beppe  or  Geppe, 
Cambiare  or  Cangiare),  c  (Lagrima  or 
Lacrima,  Federigo  or  Federico),  d 
(Diaccio  or  Ghiaccio,  Vedo  or  Veggo), 
z  (Palazzo  or  Palagio,  Prezzo  or  Pregio), 
and  v  (Parvolo  or  Pargolo) ;  gh  inter- 
changes with  gl  (Mugghiare  or  Mugli- 
are) ;  sometimes  it  disappears  (Gire  or 
Ire,  Sciagurato  or  Sciaurato).  Abbre- 
viations :  G.B.,  Giambattista ;  G.C., 
Gesii  Cristo,  Giulio  Cesare  or  Gran 
Croce  d'  un  ordine  cavalleresco  ;  G.D., 
Giandomenico,  Granduca  or  Grandu- 
chessa ;  G.F.,  Gianfrancesco;  G.G., 
Giangiacomo;  G.M.,  Genio  Militare 
(Royal  Engineers),  Giammaria  or  Gran 
Maestro  dell'  Ordine ;  G.P.,  Giampietro 
or  Giampaolo ;  V.G.,  Vostra  grandezza 
or  Verb!  gratia;  S.G.,  SuaGrazia;  P.G., 
Padre  generate ;  G.,  Giorno,  Giovedi, 
or  Genere. 

In  ancient  Rome,  as  a  number,  G 
meant  400,  or  with  a  bar  over  it,  400,000. 

On  Prussian  coins  it  indicates  the 
mint  at  Stettin;  on  French,  that  of 
Poitiers,  and  on  Swiss  of  Geneva. 

G  is  hard  as  in  English  before  a,  o, 
u,  soft  before  e,  i,  unless  an  h  is  inter- 
posed. Formerly  g  was  uniformly  soft 
unless  followed  by  k;  thus  Agio  was 
written  Ago,  and  the  present  Ago  was 
written  Agho.  It  is  silent  before  li 
(with  a  few  exceptions,  e.g.  Negligere 
and  words  beginning  Gli-)  but  softens 
the  /,  thus  Togli  is  pronounced  Tolyee. 
It  is  also  silent  before  n  and  softens  it, 
thus  Sogno  is  pronounced  So-nyo.  An 
initial  Gn  takes  Lo,  Gli,  Uno  for  the 
article,  Lo  gnomone,  Lo  gnorri. 

*  Gabanella ;  v.  Gabbanella. 

*Gabarra  f.  (cogn.   Span,  gabarra,  perhaps  of 
Arabic  orig.);  barge. 

*  Gabba  f. ;  v.  Gabbo. 

*  Gabbacompagno    m,    iudecl.  ;  =  Gabbaminchi- 
oni. 

Gabbacristiani  m.  indecl.  ;  =  Gab- 
baminchioni. 

Gabbadeo  m.  indecl. ;  =Gabbasanti. 

Gabb-amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Gabbaminchi6ni  m.  indecl. ;  cheat, 
humbug. 


Gabbamondo  m. ;  i.q.  Gabbamin- 
chioni. 

Gabbanella  /  ;  hospital-gown  worn 
by  medical  students,  or  attendants,  or 
convalescent  patients. 

Gabbdn-0 ;//.  (cogn.  Fr.  caban,gaban, 
Span.^^a//,< Arabic  'aba,  short  cloak) ; 
loose  sleeveless  cloak. 

Aff.  -etto  -mo  dims.,  -one  augm.,  -uccio  spreg. 
*Gabbapensieri  m.\  distraction  from  harassing 
thoughts. 

Gabb-are  (etym.  dub.,  prob.  Ger- 
manic, cp.  old  Icelandic  gabb,  derision, 
scorn) ;  to  cheat.  -  San  Pietro,  to 
abjure  Holy  Orders.  —  San  Martino, 
to  quit  the  army,  -arsi  di,  to  laugh  at. 
Prov.  Avuta  la  grazia,  -ato  lo  santo, 
when  the  prayer  has  been  granted  the 
vow  to  the  saint  is  forgotten. 

*i.  to  ridicule,     ii.  -arsi,  to  enjoy  oneself. 

Gabbasanti  m.  indecl. ;  hypocrite. 

Gabba -t6re,  -trice;  vbsbs.  of -re. 
Gabbell-iere  m,\  v.  Gabelliere. 
Gabbeo  ;«. ;  drain  age -board  in  saltworks  where 
the  salt  is  set  to  dry. 

*Gabb-eria,  *-cvole;  v.  -are. 

Gabbi-a  (Gabia)  f.  (cogn.  Span. 
gavia,  Catal.  gabia,  <  bit.  gavia,  <.  L. 
cavea,  c&ge,,<cavus,  hollow);  i.  cage. 
2.  by  ext.,  prison.  3.  strainer,  in  shape 
of  a  bag,  used  in  pressing  oil  from 
olives.  4.  ox-muzzle.  5.  basket-work 
guard  of  any  kind.  6,  (mar.)  topsail. 

*i.  Da  — ,  rascally,  V.  supra  (2).  ii.  —  ritrosa 
or  scaricatoia  =  Cestola,  bird-trap,  iii.  =  Mangiatoia. 
iv.  a  kind  of  carriage  used  by  ladies  of  rank  in  the 
I3th  century.  v.  (m 
ship,  (£)=CofTa,  top. 


I3th   century,      v.    (mar.')  (a)   look-out   stage  on  a 
'  ' 


by  I 
a)   l 


Aff.  -accia /(?gf.,  -aio,  bird-cage  maker. 
Gabbianello    m. ;    little    gull,    Chroicephalus 
miwttus, 

Gabbiano  m.  (bit.  gavianus,  <.  L. 
gaina,  a  sea-bird);  I.  sea-gull,  pop. 
Mugnaio.  2.  fig.  fool.  * 

3.  Species  of  Mediterranean  gulls :  (a)  —  comune, 
(a)  =  —  corallino,  v.  infra  (c),  (ft)  black-headed  gull, 
L,arus  ridibundits,  also  termed  Cocal,  Corallina 
cenerina  spruzzata,  Occhin  fratin,  Gaina,  Oca  marina, 
Gaimone ;  (&)  —  bianco,  z*.  infra  (e) ;  (c)  —  corallino, 
masked  gull,  Larus  capistratus,  also  termed  — 
capinero  or  cenerino,  —  comune,  Maschera  coral- 
lina, Moretta  corallina;  {d)  —  corso,  Corsican  gull, 
Larus  Audoitini*  also  termed  Aipa ;  (e)  —  maggiore, 
glaucous  gull,  Larus  glaticus,  also  termed  —  bianco ; 
(/)  —  marino,  mezzo  moro,  or  reale,  herring-gull, 
Larus  argentatus,  also  termed  Guairo,  Laro  fosco, 
Zafferano,  Martino  pescatore,  Martinazzo ;  (g)  — 
nero,  Pomerine  skua,  Lestris pomerinus,  also  termed 


Stercorario  coda  lunga  or  mezzano ;  (k)  —  reale,  v. 
supra  (/);  (i)  —  terragnolo  or  tridattilo,  kittiwake 
gull,  Larus  rissa,  also  termed  Galetra. 

Gabbiata  f. ;  cage-full  of  birds. 

Gabbier-e  or  -o  m.  ;  (mar.)  topman,  man, 
seaman,  mastman,  variously  named  according  to 
their  functions,  e.g.  —  titolare,  leading  hand,  -i  sem- 
plici,  yard-men,  -i  di  pie  d1  albero,  riggers,  -i  delle 
coffe,  top  riflemen,  —  titolare  di  velaccio,  captain  of 
the  cross-tree,  -i  di  centre,  bunt  men,  Sezione  -i  di 
trinchetto,  fore-top  men. 

Gabbi-etta  dim.,  -ettina  lut-dim.,  -na  dim. 
•vezz.,  -6Ia  dim.,  -olina  sub-dim,  of -a. 

Gabbionatay;;  (««V.)awork  formed  of  gabions, 
gabionnade. 

Gabbi6n-e  m. ;  i.  augm.  Gabbia, 
esp.  that  used  in  bird-catching  with  the 
Civetta,  or  that  for  wild  beasts.  2.  (mil.) 
gabion.  3.  (hydraul.)  bag  of  concrete 
for  building  a  dam  or  making  sub- 
aqueous foundations.  Aff.  -cello  dim. 

Gabbi-uccia/!;  dim.  of -a. 
Gabbo  *tt.  (z>.  Gabbare);  Pigliare  a  — ,  to  make 
a  joke  of. 

tGabbonaggio   in.;    PigHar  — ,~Pigliar  gam. 
hone,  v.  Gambone. 

tGabbreto  m. ;  broken-down  Gabbro. 
tGabbro,  Gabro  m. ;   (geol.)  a  variety  of  ser- 
pentine. 

Gab&la/  (Germanic,  cp.  A.S.g-afu/, 
tribute,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gavelkind,  Give) ; 
municipal  toll  on  provisions,  Fr.  octroi, 
or  the  place  where  it  is  collected.  Fare 
il  minchion  per  non  pagar  — ,  i.e.  to 
appear  not  to  see  something,  so  as  to 
avoid  trouble. 

Gabell-are  ind.  gabello;  i.  to  rate, 
for  toll-taking.  2.  fig.  —  per,  to  pass 
a  thing  off  as.  3.  to  pass,  consider 
genuine.  4.  Non  --  uno,  to  dislike 
him.  Aff.  -ibile,  -iere  collector. 

Gabell-ino  m.\  spreg.for  .iere.     'toll-office. 
Gabell-dtto  ;//. ;  i.q.  -ino.     *  =  paolo,  the  coin. 

Gabin6tt-0  m.  (Fr.  cabinet,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Cabinet);  i.  study,  or  other  small 
room.  2.  cabinet,  in  E.  political  sense ; 
Corriere  di  — ,  bearer  of  despatches. 
3.  etiph.  for  Cesso.  Aff.  -ino  dim.  vezz. 

tGabolay:;  =  Trappola,  trap. 
•Gabriella  f.    (var.    of   Capriola);  =  Pirolctta, 
pirouette. 

Gabro ;  v.  Gabbro. 
tGacchio  >n.;  =  Caglio. 

Gade ;  Cadiz,  in  Spain. 

t Gadevano  m.\  i.  =  Lasca,  roach,  ii.  =  Forme 
genitali  grosse. 

Gado  m. ;  scientific  name  of  various  species  of 
cod  fish.  i.  —  barbuto,  whiting-pout,  Gadus  luscus. 
2.  —  minuto,  poor  fish,  Gadus  minutus,  locally 
termed  Molmolo,  Molo,  Capelan,  Pesce  nudo, 


GAETOLA— GALLANA 


265 


Figora,  Merluziello,  Pesce  ficu,  mancanu,  or  baca- 
ficu.  3.  —  molve,  ling,  v.  Molva.  4.  —  merluzzo, 
=  Merluzzo,  cod.  5.  —  carbonaio,  coal-fish,  also 
termed  Carbonaio. 

*Gaetola_/:;  some  species  of  crow. 

Gaet6ne  /«.;  (mar.)  dog-watch,  v.  Guardia  (3). 

Gaff-a  /.;  (mar.)  clamp,  -e  per  le  latte  di 
boccaporto,  hatch-batten  cleats. 

Gagata  m, ;  =  Giaietto,  jet. 

Gaggia  f.  (A)  (yar.  of  Acacia,  g.v.^  cj>. 
Fr.  cassif,  acacie);  flower  of  the  Gaggio.  (B)  = 
Gazza,  magpie.  (C)=*Gabbia  (v). 

Gaggiante;  Cadsand  in  Zeeland  (Toynbee, 
Dante  Diet.,  sub  Gmzzante). 

GAggio  m.  (Gaggia/);  (A)  i.  —  odoroso, 
Acacia  farnesiana,  a  species  of  mimosa  introduced 
from  S.  Domingo  in  1611,  into  the  gardens  of  Card. 
Farnese.  2.  —  di  Costantinopoli,  silk-tree  of  Con- 
stantinople, Acacia  jutibrissin. 

*(B)  (bit.  z'adittftt,  <  Gothic  vadi,  pledge,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Gage);  i.  pledge.  Prestare  — ,  to  be  a 
usurer,  ii.  —  morto,  lost  capital,  iii.  —  di  bat- 
taglia,  challenge,  gage  of  battle,  iv.  hostage. 
v.  Penna  condotta  a  — ,  venal  pen.  vi.  wage,  D. 
Par.  6.  1 1 8. 

Gaggiolo  m.  ;  (hot.)  \.  =Fiore  di 
S.  Marco,  orris-root  plant,  it.  Fiore 
(16,  xliii).  2.  —  di  Germania,  German 
iris,  Iris  germanica.  3.  —  orientale, 
oriental  iris,  Iris  susiana,  also  termed 
Iride  di  Faraone. 

*Gaggioso;  =  Vispo,  Malizioso. 
tGagliandra/I;  (i«/ir.)  =  SaImone,  kentledge. 

Gagliarda  /. ;  i.  minion,  the  no.  8 
size  of  print,  v.  Carattere.  2.  an  old 
kind  of  French  dance. 

Gagliarde"tto  tn. ;  (mar.)  i.  broad 
pendant.  2.  -  -  da  segnali,  burgee, 
swallow-tailed  flag. 

Gagliard-e"zza ;  strength  (of  wine). 
-la ;  strength,  v,  -o. 

Gagliard-o ;  i.  strong,  hardy.  2.  Pez- 
za  -a,  (herald.)  black  and  white  trans- 
verse stripes  on  the  shield. 

Etym,  Celtic  stem  **gala,  v.  infra  Galletta  (B), 
and  cp.  old  Irish  gal,  brave  feat,  Welsh  gall,  strength, 
with  Germanic  suffix,  for  which  v.  supra,  -ardo  in 
loco. 

*Gaglio  ;«.;  — Caglio,  rennet. 

Gagli6ff-o  m.  (Span,  gallofo,  beggar, 
<gallofa,  crust  of  bread,  fancifully  said 
to  be  for  Galli  offa,  the  pittance  given 
to  pilgrims  from  France  to  the  shrine 
of  St  James  in  Galicia);  lout,  clumsy 
fool.  Also  as  adj. 

Aff,  •accio/<£f.,  -aggine  or  -eria,  -amente,  -one 
augm. 

GagHuolo  m.  (bit.  galgulus,  cypress  nut);  pod. 

•Gagno  *«.;  i.  =Covo.  ii.  =  Intrigo.    in.  =Ventre. 

Gagnolare  ind.  gdgnolo ;  of  dogs,  to  whimper. 

Etym,     Prob.  <£>«.<  L.  gtitinire,  to  bark  as  a 

fox,  under  the  influence  of  Cagnolo,  puppy. 

Gagnolio  m.\freq.  sb.  of  Gagnolare. 
"Gaiatello  m.  ;  =  Gavitello,  buoy. 
tGaiccina/.;  =  Calcina. 

Gaidero  m. ;  thorny  oyster,  Spondylus  gaedt- 
ropus. 

tGaima  ;«. ;  thievish  person. 

Gaimdne  ;«. ;  black-headed  gull,  v.  Gabbiano 
(3,  ",  0)- 

tGaina/;  gull,  v.  Gabbiano  (i,  a). 

Oai-o;  i.  gay.  2.  fig.  plentifully 
supplied.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  *-etto  dim., 
-ezza. 

Etym.  Cogtt.  Fr.  got,  old  Span,  gayo,  gay, 
/ro«.<O.H.G.  luahi,  fine. 

Gaiola  /I;  (wtzr.)=Maretta,  choppy  sea. 

Gaisdne  m.;  (mar.)  transom. 

Gala  /:  piece  of  finery.  Mettersi  in  — ,  to 
dress  in  one's  best ;  the  word  has  passed  into  English 
much  as  it  is  used  in  Italian.  *I>i  -  -  Di  gana, 
heartily. 

Etym.  dub. ;  the  corresponding  modern  Fr.  word 
is  borrowed  from  Ital. ,  but  there  was  an  old  Fr. 
golf,  merry-making,  which  Littre  traces  to  O.H.G. 
geil,  joyful.  Another  possible  source  is  the  middle 

H. 


Dutch  waif,  akin  to  A.S.  wetifa,>'E.  weal.  Korting 
inclines  to  refer  the  word  to  Gr.  KoAa,  pretty  thing, 
quoting  (for  k>g)  Gr.  «oArroi>It.  golfo.  See  also 
Skeat,  sub  Gala,  Gallant. 

Galag6ne   in.  ;    a  genus  of  African   lemurs, 
Gfilaea. 

*  Galana  (Gallana)/  (Gr.  xeWi));  turtle. 


Galanga  (Galinga)  /  (Arabic  kha- 
lanjdn,  <  CV\neseko-liang-kiang,<Ko, 
a  Chinese  province,  Hang,  mild,  kiang, 
ginger);  galingale,  i.e.  either  Cyperus 
longus,  or  its  tuber,  or  the  aromatic 
root  of  certain  East  Indian  plants  of 
genera  Alpinia  and  Kaempferia,  form- 
erly much  used  in  medicine  and  cookery. 

Galano  m.  ;  tassel,  bow  on  a  dress. 
*As  adj.,  v.  Galana. 

Galant-e  (Fr.  galant,  part,  of  old  Fr.  galer, 
to  rejoice,  v.  Gala);  gallant  in  dress,  showy,  gallant 
in  behaviour  to  ladies;  of  a  woman,  gallant,  fast. 
Aff.  -eggiare,  -emente. 

*Galanteo  /«.  ;  =  Amoreggiamento,  courting. 

Galanteria/:;  i.  gallantry  in  dress.  2.  nick- 
nack.  3.  gallant  speech  of  a  more  or  less  offensive 
kind  to  a  lady.  4.  in  good  sense,  Ragazzi  che  sono 
una  vera  —  ,  boys  of  excellent  manners. 

Galantina  f.  (mlt.  enlatinti,  var.  of  gelatina, 
v.  Gelo);  galantine;  poultry  or  veal,  boned,  tied  up 
tight,  cooked  and  served  cold. 

Galantino;  i.  dim.  Galante.  2.  (bot.)  i.q. 
Galanto. 

Galanto,  Galantino  m.  (Gr.  yoAa,  milk, 
af0os,  flower)  ;=Buca  neve,  snowdrop. 

Galantornindne  in.  ;  augm.  iron,  of  Galant. 
uomo. 

Galant-u6mo  or  -6mo  m.,pl.  Galant- 
-uomini  or  -6mini,  scherz.  Galantomi, 
m.  ;  man  of  honour.  II  tempo  e  —  , 
injustice  will  be  remedied  by  time.  Aff. 
-omismo,  -omone  augm. 

Galassia/  (Gr.);  galaxy. 

Gralat&O  m.  ;  book  of  rules  of  polite- 
ness, esp.  that  compiled  by  Monsignor 
Delia  Casa  in  the  i6th  century;  the 
name  is  from  the  person  feigned  as 
having  suggested  the  book. 

Galattite  _/;  i.  milk  stone,  a  sort  of  clay  used 
in  removing  the  grease  from  wool.  2.  (bot.)  a 
genus  of  Compositae  occurring  in  the  Mediterranean 
region,  Galtictites. 

Galaverne  ;  v.  Calaverne. 
tGalaverno  tn.  ;  hoar-frost  upon  trees. 

Galazza  f.  ;  drainage  pit  in  a  tannery. 

Galbano  ;«.  (L.,<Gr.  vaA/3airj,  borrowed  from 
some  Oriental  word)  ;  galbanum,  a  gum  resin  from 
an  Eastern  plant,  used  in  medicine  and  by  the  Jews 
in  the  preparation  of  the  sacred  incense. 
t  Galcianare  ;  =  Rubare. 

Gal&a/  (A)  ;  (mar.)  =  Galera,  galley; 
(B)  (L.);  ancient  helmet  of  leather  and 
metal. 

*  Galeare  ;  =  Gabbare,  to  cheat. 

Galeato  ;  wearing  a  helmet. 

Galeazza/  (Span,  galeasa,  pegg.  of 
old  Span,  galea]  ;  (mar.)  galliasse,  large 
galley. 

*  Galeffare  ;=  Beftare,  to  ridicule. 

tGaiega,  Galica  f.  ;  i.  public  auction,  ii.  = 
Frode  del  mercante  o  dell'  artefice  al  creditore. 

Galena  f.  (L.,<Gr.  yaAiJioj,  lead-ore);  (min.) 
galena,  an  ore  largely  composed  of  lead  sulphide. 

Galenico  ;  i.  relating  to  Galen,  the  Greek 
writer  on  medicine.  2.  (ined.)  epithet  for  remedies 
formed  by  empirical  mixtures. 

Galeo  m.  ;  —  cane,  common  tope,  a  species  of 
dog-fish,  GaUus  cants,  locally  termed  Can  da  denti, 
Palloun,  Lamia,  Palombo  canesca. 

Galedne  m.  (augm.  Galea)  ;  Spanish 
galleon. 

Gale-6psi  or  -dpside/  ;  (bot.)  hemp- 
nettle,  Galeopsis. 


Galebtta  f.  (Fr.  galiot,  or  Span. 
galeota,  dims,  corresponding  to  mlt. 
galeta,  dim.  of  galea,  v.  Galera) ;  galliot, 
small  galley.  Prov.  Tutti  vogano  alia 
— ,  i.e.  all  try  to  have  as  little  trouble 
as  possible. 

Gale6tto  m.  (It.  galea);  i.  convict, 
strictly  galley-slave.  2.  scoundrel. 
3.  scherz.  sharp  fellow.  4.  Andare  da 
—  a  marinaio,  of  an  evenly  matched 
pair  of  disputants ;  Non  glie  1'  accocca, 
va  da  —  a  marinaio,  he  will  not  get 
the  better  of  him,  they  are  an  evenly 
matched  pair. 

*  i.  rower  on  a  galley,    ii.  =  Nocchiero,  steersman. 

Galera,  Gal&a  / ;  i.  (mar.)  galley, 
a  long  low-built  ship  with  one  deck, 
propelled  by  oars.  2.  fig.  condition  or 
life  of  wretchedness.  3.  convict  prison ; 
Condannare  alia  — ,  to  sentence  to 
hard  labour. 

Etym.  uttkn.',  the  word  is  found  in  mlt.,  old 
Fr.,  old  Span.,  Proven;.,  Portug.,  Dutch,  M.H.G. 
Danish,  Icelandic  and  E.;  its  earliest  form  is  Galea 
gth  century.  The  origin  of  it  may  be  bit.  **cataria 
<Gr.  KoAop,  wood,_  also  a  ship,  of  which  anothe 
possible  derivative  is  Galleria,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Galley 
Gallery. 

Galero  m.  (L.  galerus);  i.  the 
winged  cap  of  Mercury.  2.  pontifical 
cap.  3.  fur  cap  of  a  peasant.  4.  = 
Finta. 

Galeruco  tn. ;  bark-beetle,  Bostryckits  tyfio- 
graphus,  also  termed  Scolito,  Carolo. 

Galestr-o  (Calastro,  Calestro)  m.  (akin  to  Fr. 
glaise,  clay,  Germ.  KUie,  E.  clay,  bit.  glis,  in 
Isidore,  tenacious  soil,  Gr.  yAi'a,  glue,  L.  glu-ten); 
marl,  an  undefined  mixture  of  clay,  carbonate  of 
lime  and  other  materials,  used  as  manure.  Ajf.  -mo 
or  -<5so  adjs. 

tGalita  f.  (var.  of  Galletta);   (mar.)  i.    ship's 
biscuit,     ii.   —  de  mar,  sea-urchin,  Echinus. 

Galetra  /!;  —  Gabbiano  terragnolo,  kittiwake 
gull. 

tGaliandrayl;  — Galana,  turtle. 

t  Galica;  v.  Galega.     'Galiga;  v.  Galliga. 

Galigaio ;«.  (L.  caligarius,  shoemaker) ;  tanner. 
*Galigare ;  =  Annebbiare,  to  dazzle. 
Galigariay?;  a  species  of  fungus. 
Galileismo  «.;  the  doctrines  of  Galileo. 
•Galindi  m.  pi. ;  nations  of  the  north. 
•Galinga/;  v.  Galanga. 
*Galione  m. ;  =  Galeone. 
Galidpsi/. ;  v.  Galeopsi. 

*  Gal  loss  o  m. ;  i.  =  Aliosso.    ii.  =  Birillo. 
tGalidtto  tn. ;    i.  =  Fierasfero,   the  gymnotus. 

ii.  —  Ofidio  barbato,  bearded  eel. 

Galip6dio  m. ;  solidified  turpentine. 

Galisare  ;  in  naval  construction,  to  race  timber. 

Galiso  m. ;  race  tool,  Fr.  rouanne  a  marquer. 

Galfzia/;  the  Spanish  province.  Prov.  Non 
potere  or  Non  toccare  a  dir  — ,  i.e.  to  be  overborne 
by  the  language  addressed  to  one. 

Galla  /  (L.,  root  gel,  to  pack  to- 
gether, cp.  gleba,  globus,  glomus) ;  i.  = 
Gallozzola,  gall ;  Noce  di  — ,  oak-apple. 
2.  gall  in  the  skin,^.  of  horses.  3.  air- 
bubble  in  glass,  etc.  4.  A  — ,  floating, 
on  the  surface  (an  expression  referable 
to  the  lightness  of  oak-apples)  ;  La 
veritk  e  come  1'  olio  :  torna  sempre  a 
— ,  truth,  like  oil,  always  comes  to  the 
surface ;  Una  questione  europea  che 
vien  a  — ,  a  European  question  which 
is  coming  to  the  front ;  L'  ulivo  lavora 
a  — ,  an  olive-tree  keeps  its  roots  near 
the  surface  of  the  ground.  5.  --  di 
Levante,  (bot.)  cocculus  Indicus  plant, 
Anamirta  cocculus. 

*i.  acorn,     ii.   pill.    iii.  berry,    iv.  —  moscata, 
=  Noce  moscata,  nutmeg,    v.  =Ovolo. 

Gallaccio  m.;  pegg.  Gallo. 

Gallaico  ;  of  Galicia  in  Spain. 
•Gallana;  v.  Galana. 

34 


266 


GALLARE— GALOSCIA 


Gallare  (A) ;  of  the  cock  bird,  to 
fertilise,  or  of  the  egg,  intr.  to  be 
fertilised. 

*(B);   (It.  galla)  to  float.     *(C);   to  be  gay,  v. 
Sgalluzzare. 

Gallastrone  in.;  i.q.  Gallerone. 

Gallatura  /  ;  vbsb.  of  Gallare. 

Galleggiabilita/;  buoyancy.  —  di  disloca- 
mento,  reserve-buoyancy,  the  buoyancy  of  that 
portion  of  the  hull  which  is  above  the  waterline 
when  the  vessel  is  laden. 

Galleggiante  in.  ;  float,  e.g.  that 
indicating  the  water-level  in  a  boiler. 

Galleggi-are  ind.  galldggio  ( 1 1.  galla) ; 

1.  to  float.    2.  of  a  solid  body,  to  lie  on 
the  top,  Questo  terriccio  lascialo  —  a 
pie  dell'  ulivo,  let  this  dressing  lie  on 
the  ground  at  the  foot  of  the  olive  tree. 
3.  of  the  stomach,  to  rise  from  nausea. 
*  =  Gallonare,  to  trim.     Aff.  -amdnto. 

tGallera  f.',  Ufficiale  della  — ,=Grascere,  in- 
spector. 

Galleri-a  /  (Fr.  galerie,  <  mlt.  ga- 
leria,  further  etym.  dub.,  v.  supra, 
Galera) ;  i.  gallery.  2.  tunnel.  3.  a 
genus  of  moths  which  infest  beehives. 
Aff.  -uccia  dim. 

Galler6ne  m. ;  big  fowl,  or  one  im- 
perfectly caponised. 

Galles  in. ;  Wales. 

Etym.  A.S.  Wealas,  pi.  of  itiealh,  a  Celt,  the 
Germanic  u'  passing  regularly  into  Romance  g. 

ggT  Galles  is  used  without  the  article.  Thus 
the  Italian  for  Wales  is  11  paese  di  Galles. 

Gallese;  i.  Welsh.  2.  =Gaelico,  Gaelic  (Ian- 
guage). 

tGallessa  / ;  =  Bacccllo,  bean. 

Galletta  (A)  (It.  gallo,  cock) ;  Uva  — ,  a  variety 
of  grape,  so  called  frum  its  shape  resembling  that  of 
fowls'  kidneys,  to  which  also  the  Fr.  name  corre- 
sponds, Rognon  de  cog. 

(B) ;  f.  ship's  biscuit. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  galet,  pebble,  Proven^,  and 
Catalan  galeta,  Span,  galleta,  galette,  of  Celtic 
origin ;  cp.  Low  Breton  kalet,  hard,  Gaelic  gal, 
Hint-stone,  cf>.  supra,  Gagliardo. 

(C) ;  =  Bozzolo,  cocoon,  from  a  fancied  resem- 
blance to  a  gall-nut,  Galla. 

*i.  in  Cellini's  Oreficeria;  a  kind  of  gold-work  in 
little  balls,  ii.  wine-cup,  iii.  some  kind  of  dance. 

Gallettaio  m.\  cake-seller,  v.  Galletto  (4). 

Gallett-ino  m.;  dim.  -o(i). 

Gall&tt-O  m.;  I.  cockerel,  young 
cock  ;  Far  la  cena  del  — ,  un  salto  e  a 
letto,  to  go  supperless  to  bed.  2.  —  di 
bosco,  (a)  =  Beccofrosone,  wax-wing, 
(^)  =  Bubbola,  hoopoe.  3.  — di  Maggio, 
di  Marzo,  di  montagna,  alternative 
names  for  the  Bubbola.  4.  in  pi.,  a 
kind  of  pastry-puff  something  like  a 
cock's  comb,  sold  in  the  streets. 
5.  thumb-nut,  also  termed  Dado  ad 
alette.  6.  cock  of  a  tap,  esp.  of  a  screw- 
down  tap.  7.  Fagioli  -i,  a  large-sized 
variety  of  kidney-beans.  8.  two  wal- 
nuts placed  on  the  ground  with  a  third 
balanced  on  the  top  of  them,  v.  Cappa 
(5).  t  =Bavosa  occhiuta,  butterfly  fish. 

*i.  Aver  mangiato  merda  di  — ,  i.e.  to  wish  to 
play  the  prophet,  ii.  —  di  donna  Fiora,  =  11  gallo 
della  Checca,  favourite  of  many  women. 

*Gallettone  m. ;  i.  =  Bigonciolo,  bucket,  ii.  a 
variety  of  olive  tree. 

Gallicano;  (eccl.)  as  E.  Breviario — ,  breviary 
of  the  church  of  Girgenti. 

*Gallicinio  m.  (L.);  dawn. 
Gallic  is  mo  m. ;  as  E. 

Gallico ;    i.    (chern.)    gallic    (acid). 

2.  Morbo  — ,  =  Mal  francese,  syphilis. 

3.  Cane  — ,  a  variety  of  setter. 

*  Galliga  f. ;  =  Alga,  seaweed. 


GalUn-a  /  (L.) ;  i.  hen.  2.  —  di 
Faraone  or  Faraona,  guinea-hen.  3.  = 
Gallinella,  water-rail,  v.  Gallinella  (i,  6). 
4.  —  prataiola,  little  bustard,  Otis  te- 
trax,  also  termed  Fagianella,  Otarda 
minore.  5.  Latte  di  — ,  (a)  egg-flip, 
(6)  exquisite,  unattainable  delicacy. 
6.  Giuoco  delle  -e,  private,  illicit  lot- 
tery. 7.  Andare  a  — ,  to  be  ruined  or 
to  die.  Similarly,  Mandare  a  — . 
8.  Pelare  la  — ,  il  polio,  or  la  gazza, 
senza  farla  stridere,  i.e.  to  take  ad- 
vantage of  a  person  without  his  know- 
ing it.  9.  Raspatura  di  — ,  bad  hand- 
writing. 10.  —  grassa,  (boi.)  field 
scabious,  Knautia  arvensis,  also  termed 
Vedovelle  salvatiche,  Gallinaccio,  Scab- 
biosa  de'  campi,  Ambretta  de'  campi. 
n.  Provs.:  —  mugellese  ha  cent' anni 
e  mostra  un  mese,  said  of  small  people 
who  do  not  show  their  age  ;  La  —  che 
canta,  or  che  schiamazza,  ha  fatto  1'  ovo, 
said  of  one  who  convicts  himself  by  his 
eagerness  to  lay  the  fault  on  others, 
ti.  =  Pesce  rondine,  flying  gurnard, 
ii.  another  species  of  gurnard,  v.  Ca- 
pone  (2,  e). 

Gallinaccia/.;  pegg.  Gallina.  *(&>/.)  =  Pungi- 
topo. 

Gallinaccio;/*.;  i.=Tacchino,  turkey.  2.  (bot.) 
(a)=  Gallina  grassa,  scabious,  v.  Gallina  (10),  (^)  lesser 
snapdragon,  Antirrhinum  orontiinn. 

Gallinaceo ;  (zool.)  as  E.,  referring 
to  the  pheasant  family. 

Gallinaio  in. ;  i.  =  Pollaio,  hen- 
house. 2.  fowl-stealer.  3.  lottery- 
keeper,  v.  Gallina  (6). 

Gallin-ame  m. ;  spreg.,  lot  of  poultry. 
-aro  ;«. ;  poulterer. 

Gallinazo  «/.;  a  species  of  vulture,  Coragyps 
atratus. 

tGallinazza /!;  trumpet  fish,  v.  Trombetta  (5). 

Gallinell-a  /. ;  i.  water-hen  of 
various  species,  e.g.  (a)  moor-hen,  Gal- 
liniila  chloropus,  v.  Sciabica,  (i>)  water- 
rail,  Rallus  aquaticus,  also  termed  Por- 
ciglione,  (f)  —  palustre  piccola,  little 
crake,  v.  Schiribilla.  2.  —  terrestre, 
land-rail,  v.  Re  (5).  3.  (a)  tub-fish, 
v.  Capone  (5,  b)  •  (i>)  -  -  imperiale, 
common  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5,  d)  ; 
(f)  Pesce  — ,  carp,  v.  Carpio.  4.  (dot.} 
=  Centocchi,  chickweed.  5.  Le  sette -e, 
(astr.}  the  Pleiades. 

Gallinetta  /  ;  dim.  Gallina,  hen,  in 
the  prov.  —  che  va  per  casa  o  ch'  ella 
becca  o  che  ha  beccato,  i.e.  the  house- 
wife who  may  eat  at  any  time  will  not 
have  much  appetite  at  table. 

Gallin-ina  dint,  vezz.,  -6na  augm.,  of -a;  hen. 
Gallinsetto  m.\  gall  insect. 
Gallic  m. ;    i.  (bol.)  yellow  bedstraw,  Galium 
Tcrutn.     2.  =  Caglio,  rennet.     3.   the  meta!  gallium. 
*Gallione  w.;  =  Gallerone. 
*Gallirico  m. ;  lily-seed. 
Gallitrico  m. ;  (&?/.)=  Ormino,  sage. 

Gallo  (A) ;  si.  or  adj.  Gaul,  Gaulish. 

Etym.  Celtic  stem  gal,  v.  Gagliardo,  Gal- 
letta (B). 

(B) ;  i.  cock  ;  Esser  il  —  di  monna 
Fiora,  or  della  Checca,  to  try  to  be  a 
favourite  with  all  women.  2.  —  d'  India, 
=  Tacchino,  turkey.  3.  — cedrone,  or 
simply  Cedrone,  capercailzie,  Tetrao 
urogallus,  also  termed  Fagiano  alpestre 


or  nero,  Gallo  alpestre  maggiore.  4.  — 
di  montagna,  (a)  grouse,  Lagopus  Scoti- 
cus,  (b)  =  Fagiano  di  monte,  blackcock, 
also  termed  Gallo  alpestre  minore, 
Gallo  di  monte  minore.  5.  Creste  di 
— ,  (hot.)  cockscomb,  Celosia  cristata. 
6.  (med.)  fleshy  excrescence,  esp.  that 
of  piles.  *(mar.}  =  Gagliardetto. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven9_  and  old  Fr.  gal,  jal, 
Span.  gallo, <L..  galhts,  akin  to  E.  call,  O. H.G. 
kalian,  Welsh  galw,  to  call,  Russian  galas',  voice, 
sound. 

*(C);  =  Galloria,  jollification,  v.  Sgalluzzare. 

Gall6cc-ia  f.;  (war.)  belaying  cleat.  Aff. 
-etta  dim. 

Gallomania  f.;  as  E. 

Gallonaio  m. ;  lace-seller  or  maker. 

Gallonare  ind.  gallono ;  to  trim  with 
lace  or  stripes. 

Gall6ne  m. ;  (A)  (Fr. galon,  v.  supra, 
Gala,  and  Skeat,  sub  Galloon) ;  galloon, 
stripe,  lacings  of  gold  or  silver  thread. 

(B)  (bit.  gala,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gallon) ; 
gallon. 

(C) ;  aiigm.  Galla,  gall-nut. 


*(anat.)  iliac  bone, 
be  of  advanced  age. 


Aver  molti  anni  sul  — ,  to 


Gallonea  /;  =  Vallonea,  prickly-cupped  oak. 

t  Gallbnzoli  ?//.  //.  (for  Tallonzoli,  altered  under 
the  influence  of  Galla);  turnip-tops  cooked  with  some 
turnip  and  made  into  balls  the  size  of  the  fist. 

*GalIoppayC;=Groppa,  rump. 

tGallora  /!;  =  Gallozzola,  gall-nut. 

Gallbria  /  (etym.  dub.,  v.  Sgalluz- 
zare) ;  noisy  merriment. 

*Galloriarsi ;  to  rejoice. 

Gallbzzol-a  (Gallozza,  Galluzza)  / 
(dim.  Galla) ;  i.  gall-nut.  2.  gall, 
swelling  on  a  horse's  leg,  etc.  3.  swell- 
ing due  to  a  bite.  4.  in  pi.,  the  bubbles 
made  upon  water  by  heavy  rain. 

*  Conoscer  le  -e  da'  paternostri,  to  know  gall-nuts 
from  rosary-beads,  i.e.  distinguish  bad  and  good. 
•Gallule/.  pi.;  the  Pleiades,  v.  Gallinella  (5). 

Gallura  /. ;  a  place  in  the  north-east  of  bar- 
dinia  where  Fr.  Gomita  was  Vicario  for  Ugolino  de' 
Visconti  of  Pisa  (D.  Inf.  32.  82),  1275 — 1296.  When 
Ugolino  had  taken  his  enemies  prisoners,  Gomita, 
for  a  bribe,  let  them  go. 

*Galluto;  {mar.)  with  lofty  stem  and  stern,  as 
the  old  Spanish  galleons. 

•Galluzza  ;  =  GallozzoIa,  gall-nut. 
•Galluzzare  (prob.  formed  upon  Gallo,  cock,  v. 
Sgalluzzare);  to  be  merry, 

Galluzzo  in. ;  (bot.)  maple,  v.  Acero. 

Galobano  m. ;  (;;/rtr.)=Sartia  minore. 

Galdfalo  »/.;  the  whirlpool  of  Chary bdis,  near 
Messina. 

Galona  f.;  augin.  Gala,  q.v. 
+  Gal6ne  m.  (A) ;  =  Gallone.     (B);  in//.,  legs,  in 
which  sense  the  word  may  probably  be  for  **Garloni, 
augm.  of  **Garla,<L.  grallae,  stilts, <** gradiilaf , 
<gradior,  to  go. 

Galopp-are  ind.  galbpno;  to  gallop.  —  sul 
tappeto,  to  gallop  raising  the  legs  as  little  as  possible. 
Aff.  -ata  sb.,  -atina  dim.  schtrz. 

Etym.  Fr.  galoper,  Littre's  account  of  which 
is  as  follows:  Provenc.  galattpar'.  Span,  and 
Portug.  galopar;  Ital.  galopparc,  of  Germanic 
origin,  cp.  Gothic  hlaupan,  to  run;  O.H.G.  raJt. 
laufan;  A.S.geAlea/afi;  Germ,  laufen ;  the  syllable 
gaJi,  gek  or  gf  is  a  prefix  which  in  composition  cor- 
responds to  Gr.  truv,  and  L.  cutn.  The  Proven^, 
form  has  preserved  the  Germanic  diphthong  ait." 

Skeat  traces  the  word  to  Scandinavian  sources, 
and  Korting  is  inclined  to  derivation  <  L.  vapulo 
(through  a  metathesis  giving  **  valupare). 

Galoppino  (Galuppino)  m.  (Fr.  galo- 
piri) ;  i.  one  who  goes  from  house  to 
house  to  do  odd  jobs,  either  to  earn  a 
living  or  to  get  himself  into  favour. 
2.  priest  with  no  regular  charge,  -v. 
Scagnozzo. 

Galdppo  m.\  gallop. 
*GaIosciay:;  =  Caloscia,  golosh,  clog. 


GALTELLE— GARABULLARE 


267 


Galttllef.  />/.;  (mar.)=  Maschette,  cheeks  of  a 
mast. 

Galuccia  /. ;  dim.  spreg.  Gala,  ornament. 
tGalumare;  to  rob. 
tGalume  «.;  edible  shell.fish  of  all  kinds. 

Galuppino;  ?•.  Galoppino. 

*Galuppo  in. ;   i.    soldier  employed  in  the  bag- 
gage-train,    ii.    lout. 

Galvan-icamente,  -ico,  -ismo,  -izzamento, 
-izzare,  -ochirurgia,  -odoratura,  -dmetro, 
-oplastica  (electro-metallurgy),  -oplastico,  -o- 
scopio ;  as  E.  (from  Galvani  of  Bologna,  iSth  cen- 
tury). 

Gamara  m. ;  sand-hopper,  sea-flea,  Gaiirniants. 
"Gamarra;  v.  Camarra. 
tGamauto  w.;  =  Pie  di  porco,  crow-bar. 

Gamb-a  f.  (L.  gamba,  joint  between 
leg  and  hoof,  in  Vegetius,  4th  century, 
perhaps  <  Gr.  (ca^tn-r},  joint,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Gambol);  i.  leg.  2.  Andare  a  -e 
levate,  to  come  to  grief,  lit.  to  go  with 
legs  in  the  air;  Mandare  a  -e  levate, 
to  ruin,  or  kill.  3.  Fare  or  Prendere 
sotto  or  di  sotto  — ,  to  take  in  one's 
stride,  perform  with  ease  ;  Piglia  tutto 
di  sotto  —  ;  e  percio  non  fa  nulla  di 
buono,  he  treats  everything  as  if  it  was 
easy,  and  so  never  does  anything  well. 

4. ,  on  foot,  like  Scarpa  scarpa  ; 

Non  potei  trovare  un  legno  e  andai 
lassu  -  — ,  I  could  not  get  a  trap, 
and  walked  up.  5.  Dare  alle  -e  a,  to 
hinder,  oppose  ;  Tutti  i  testimonii  gli 
dettero  alle  -e,  all  the  witnesses  were 
against  him.  6.  Levare  or  Cavare  le 
gambe  di,  to  surmount  (a  difficulty) ; 
Si  messe  a  risolvere  un  problema  ma 
non  ne  cavo  le  -e,  he  set  to  work  on 
a  problem  but  could  not  manage  it. 
7.  Mettersi  or  Cacciarsi  la  via  tra  le 
-e,  to  go  away.  8.  the  upright  stroke 
of  a  printed  or  written  letter,  or  (mus.) 
the  tail  of  a  note.  9.  (mar.)  =  Cocca, 
kink  in  a  cable.  *  =  Nulla,  nothing. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Gambacorta  m. ;  lame  person,  in  the 
prov.  L'  ultimo  a  comparir  fu  —  (by  way 
of  laughing  at  the  last  to  arrive). 

Gambale  m.;  i.  boot-tree  for  a  high 
boot.  2.  wooden  model  of  a  leg  to  show 
stockings  upon.  3.  leg-armour,  greave. 
"tree-stem. 

Gambare  ;  to  put  stakes  to  vines. 

•Gambar-o,  -uolo;  v.  Gamber-. 
Gambasino;  Piselli  -i,  sugar-peas. 
Gambatayl;  kick.     Dare  la  —  a,  to  supplant. 
Gambatura./;  =  Piegatura,  coil  or  spiral  of  a 
cable  on  the  bottom. 

Gambecchio  in.;  i.  little  stint  (bird),  Tringa 
miiiii/a,  also  termed  Ciurletto.  2.  —  frullino,  broad- 
billed  sandpiper,  Tringa  ptatyrhynca.  3.  —  nano, 
Temminck's  stint,  Tringa  Temmincki,  also  termed 
Piovanello  nano. 

*GamberacciayC;  ulcerated  leg. 

Gamberaia  f. ;    (tot.)  water  starwort,  Calli- 
trickf  verna,  also  termed  Gramigna  dei  pesci. 
*  Gamber-ello  dint..  *-essa  /.,  of  -o. 

Gamberettlno  m. ;  -  di  mare, 
shrimp. 

Gamber^tto  /«. ;  fresh-water  sand- 
hopper,  Gammarus  pulex. 

Gambero  (Gambaro)  m.  (mlt.  gam- 
barns,  <  L.  gammarus,  —  Gr.  Kapfiapos, 
root  kam,  to  curve) ;  crayfish,  Astacus 
fluviatilis.  -  di  mare,  lobster.  Pi- 
gliare  un  — ,  (usu.  Granchio)  to  make 
a  blunder. 

Gamberdne  »i.  ;  i.  varicose  leg. 
2.  long-legged  man. 

Gamberublo  m.;  =  Gambale,  leg-armour, 
t  Gam besce  m. ;  lame  person. 


Gamb^tta/;  i.  dim.  scherz.  Gamba. 
2.  ruff  (bird),  Machetes  pitgnax.     3.  - 
fosca,  spotted  redshank,  Tolanus  fuscus, 
also    termed    Chio-chio,    Combattente, 
Pantana  grigia. 

*  Gambettare ;  =  Sgambettare,  to  kick. 
Gambettfno  tn. ;  dim.  Gambetto. 

Gambetto  m.;  i.  dim.  Gam  bo,  stalk. 
2.  Dare  il  — ,  to  trip. 

tGambi-ale  m.,  -are;  v.  Cambi-. 

Gambiera  /  ;    i.q.  Gambale.     *  = 
Doccia,  gutter. 

Gambiglidne  in.  •  long-legged  fellow. 

Gambl'n-a  f.,  -o  m.,  dim.  vezz. 
Gamb-a,  -o. 

Gambitto  m. ;  gambit,  at  chess. 

Gambo  m.  (var.  of  Gamba) ;  I .  stalk. 
2.  tail  of  a  letter.  3.  shaft  of  a  tool. 

Gamb-6na  / ;  augm.  -a. 

Gamb-6ne  m. ;  augm.  -a  or  -o.  -uccia 
f. ;  dim.  -a. 

*  Gambugio  tn.  ;  =  CavoIo  cappuccio,  v.  Cappuc- 
cio  (3). 

Gamblile  ;«. ;  maize-stalk. 

*  i.  leg  of  a  pair  of  breeches,     ii.  ~  Gambale. 

Gambuto  ;  with  a  stalk.  *  long- 
legged. 

Gamelio  (Gr.) ;  bridal. 

Gambia/.  (Fr.,<  L.  camella,  goblet); 
bowl,  esp.  for  soldiers.  Mangiare  al.la 
— ,  to  be  soldiering. 

Gammayl;  i.  the  Greek  letter.  2.  the  musical 
scale,  so  called  from  the  Gr.  gamma  which  marked 
the  last  of  the  series  of  notes  in  the  musical  notation 
of  Guido  of  Are/zo. 

Gammaro  in.  (L.,<Gr.  Ki^napos,  lobster); 
sand-hopper,  Gammarus. 

Gammautte  or  Gammaut  m. ;  i.  (nuts.) 
gamut,  v.  Gamma  (a).  2.  (svrg.)  bistoury,  so 
called  from  being  shaped  like  a  Gamma, 

*  Gamurr-a  (Gammurra,  Guammurra)yi,  or  -ino 
lit.  (fogft.  old  Fr.  chttmarre,  Span,  zamarra,  mlt. 
gamara,< Basque  eckammara,  dress  for  indoors); 
a  form  of  gown  formerly  worn  by  women. 

tGana  f.',  Di  — ,  eagerly,  with  avidity.  Di 
mala  — ,  unwillingly. 

Etym.  Span,  gaiiti,  avidity,  of  uncertain  origin  ; 
the  word  is  also  Catalan  and  Portuguese ;  there  are 
more  or  less  similar  forms  both  in  Latin  and  in  the 
Germanic  group. 

•Ganaiuoli  m.  //.;  =  Lupini. 

Ganasc-ia/;  jaw.  O  dente  o  — , 
i.e.  whether  it  costs  little  or  much.  Ajf. 
-fna  dim.  vezz. 

Etym.  dub.  Cogn.  Span,  ganassa,  Fr.  ganac/te, 
prob.  <  bit.  **ganacia  for  ** genacia,  <  L.  gena, 
cheek,  for  which  v.  Skeat,  sub  Chin.  Alternative 
suggestions  are  (i)  Gr.  yvaBos,  jaw,  through  a  bit. 
**ganatia  (the  insertion  of  the  a  being  paralleled 
by  Fr.  caHif,<a.  Germanic  form  akin  to  E.  knife), 
and  (2)  O.  H.G.  gfindn,  to  yawn. 

Ganascl-no  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  -a,  in  the 
phrase  Pigliare  il  — ,  to  pinch  the  cheek 
of  a  child  between  the  first  and  second 
fingers,  using  the  back  of  the  hand. 
Non  fc  mica  piu  un  ragazzo  da  pigliarlo 
per  il  — .  Similarly,  Dare  il  — . 

*Ganascione  in.;  i.  —  Mostaccione,  slap.  ii.  = 
Colascione. 

Gancett-ino,  -o;  sub-dim.,  dim.  of 
Gancio. 

Ganciata  f. ;  seizing  with,  or  blow 
from,  a  hook,  or  that  which  is  drawn 
up  by  a  hook  out  of  water. 

Gancio  m.  (either  a  var.  of  Granchio, 
crab,  or<  Spa.n.ffitncAo,<  Gr.  ic<i^»ruXor, 


crooked,  root  kam,  cp.  xd/iTrrco,  to  bend) ; 

1.  hook  ;    —    d'    accosto,    boat-hook. 

2.  Metier  a  uno  un  —  alia  gola,  i.e.  to 
compel    him    to    speak,    -  -    standing 
here  for  a  hooked  knife.     3.    in  //.,= 
Uncini,  scrawled  writing,  ^.fig.  thievish 
usurer,  or  dishonest   dealer.     *  =  Bot- 
tino,  plunder. 

* Gancola  f.;  the  parts  under  the  jaw,  in  a  pig. 

Gand  m. ;  the  city  of  Ghent. 
*Ganellin-o  m.  (It.  gana?);  a  card-game  very 
similar  to  Tarocchi.     Ajff".  -are  vb. 

Gangay;  (A)  (Germ.  Gang,  mineral  vein,  the 
same  word  as  Gang,  passage);  gangue,  the  stony 
matrix  in  which  metallic  ores  occur. 

(B);  black. cock,  v.  Fagiano  di  monte. 
Gangam-a  /:,  -o  m.  (Gr.  yiyyo/xoi-) ;  landing- 

'Gangaro;  v.  Ganghero. 

Gangh-eggiare  ind.  -e'ggio;  of  a 
horse,  to  chafe  at  the  bit. 

Gangher-are  ind.  ganghero ;  to 
fasten  with  or  to  provide  hooks  or 
hinges,  -atura/ ;  place  where  a  hook 
is  fastened,  -ella/;  metallic  eye  for 
a  hook,  -fcllo  m.  •  doubling  of  a  hare. 
-6tto,  -f.no  dims,  of  -o,  -ino  being  the 
smaller. 

Gangher-o  (Gangaro)  m.  (prob.  a 
var.  of  Canchero,  <  L.  cancer,  crab) ; 
i.  hinge  for  a  shutter,  door,  etc.  2.  hook, 
of  a  hook  and  eye.  3.  Stare  in  — , 
fig.  to  keep  one's  head,  have  one's  wits 
about  one.  4.  Uscir  de'  -i,  to  get  into 
a  rage.  5.  Dare,  Fare  un  — ,  (a)  of  a 
hare,  to  double,  (6)  (pers.)  to  slip  away; 
Uomo  fatto  a  -i,  queer  fellow,  one  who 
is  always  doing  the  unexpected. 

tGanghio  »/.;=Bandita  peri  cavalli,  enclosure. 

Gangh-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  desire 
eagerly,  be  in  anxious  expectation. 
Perch6  fate  —  codesto  ragazzo,  why 
do  you  tantalise  that  poor  child? 

Etym.  unkn.;  perhaps<L.  gannire,  the  whining 
of  puppies  for  food,  v.  supra,  Gana. 
tGangip  m.;  =  Gancio. 
Ganglio  m.  (I..,<Gr.  yiyyAioi/) ;  as  E. 

Gangol-a  /.    (pop.    for    Glandula); 

1.  gland   in   the   neck   when   swollen. 

2.  spot  of  disease  in  the  liver  of  an 
animal.     3.    Far  —  a  uno,  to  play  a 
piece  of  spite  upon  him.   t  =  Guanciola, 
pig's  cheek.     Aff.  -dso. 

t  Gangrena  ;  =  Cancrena,  gangrene. 

Gammed-e  m. ;  i.  Ganymede.  2.  fop.  3.  in 
alchemy,  white  sublimated  sulphur.  Ajf.  -uccio 
tfiin.,  -uzzo  dim.  spreg. 

Gann-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  of  imit. 
origin);  of  dogs,  to  whimper;  of  foxes, 
to  bark. 

Gandidi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  yaras,  brightness);  the 
ganoid  fishes,  such  as  the  sturgeon,  with  large  shiny 
scales. 

Gante  tn.;  the  city  of  Ghent. 

Ganz-a  /  (etym.  unkn.);  mistress, 
usu.,  but  not  in  some  districts,  in  bad 
sense,  -are;  to  pay  (illicit)  court  to. 
-erino  ///. ;  =  Zerbino,  dandy,  -o  m. ; 
paramour,  t  =  Gancio,  hook. 

tGanzarioi  w.;=Scombro,  mackerel. 

Gara/  (It.  garare);  rivalry,  match. 
Vincere  la  — ,  to  carry  off  the  prize. 
Fare  a  — ,  to  compete,  tquarrelling. 

*  Pigliare  in  —  una  cosa,  to  oppose  it  obstinately. 

*  Garabattole  /.  fl. ;  =  Carabattole. 

*  Garabina  /. ;  -  Gravina. 

*  Garabull  -are  (Garibullare) ;  i.  -  Ingarbugliare, 
to  trick,     ii.  -arsi,  to  idle  away  the  time. 

34—2 


268 


GARAGOLLARE— GARZOLO 


*  Garagollare ;  =  Caracollare. 

Garamon-cfno  or  -e  m.\  (print.)  bourgeois 
type,  from  C.  Garamond,  a  Paris  type-founder  in 
the  i6th  century  who  reformed  the  old  black-letter 
type,  v.  Carattere  (3). 

Garant-e  in.;  surety.     Aff.  -ire  (ind.  -isco). 

Etym.      Cogn.    old    Ital.    guarento,    Proveuc. 

firens,  guirens,  Span,  garante,  Fr.  garant,  old 
r.  warant  (>E.  warrant),<blt.  varens,<O.H.G. 
verento,  pres.  part,  of  veren,  cp.  old  Frisian  vera, 
wara,  old  Saxon  luaron,  to  assure,<Germanic  root 
war,  to  watch,  guard  (>p.H.G.  U'arten,  to  watch), 
gi-war,  watchful,  cp,  Gothic  luarian,  O.  H.G.  werian, 
to  watch  over.  Cp.  Skeat,  sub  Guarantee,  Warrant. 

Garanzay.;  (c^*-w.)=Robbia,  madder, 

Garanzia  /I;  guarantee. 

Garanz-ina_/.,  or  -6so  m.;  extract  of  madder. 

Garapegnay!  (Spanish  word);  acid-drop. 

GaravellayC;  caravel  pear. 

Garavinaylj^Gabbiano,  sea-gull. 

Garba  f. ;  pastry-cook's  sieve  for  Semolino. 

Garbaccio  »/. ;  i.  piece  of  un- 
mannerly conduct.  2.  in  //.,  =  Gar- 
bino  (B). 

Garb-are ;  i.  to  suit,  to  be  becoming 
to,  to  please.  2.  Part,  -ato,  as  adj., 
agreeable  (person),  (work)  in  good 
taste,  genial  (weather).  3.  to  mould. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -atezza,  -atino  dim.  of  -ato. 
tGarbeggiare  ;  i.  =Garbare.     ii.    —  un  colore, 
to  graduate  it. 

*Garbell-are;  to  sift,  -o  m.  (zw.  of  Crivello); 
sieve. 

Garbino  ;«.  (A) ;  dim.  vezz.  Garbo.  (B)  (Span- 
ish, <  Arabic  garbi,  west) ;  =  hibeccio,  south-west 
wind. 

Garbo  (A)  m.  (O.H.G.  garawl,  cogn. 
A.S.  gearwe,  decoration,  cp.  O.H.G. 
garawan,  to  adorn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Garb, 
Gear,  Yare);  i.  bearing,  manners,  usu. 
in  good  sense;  Uomo  di  — ,  well-bred 
man.  2.  grace,  harmony  of  line  or 
form.  3.  good  cut,  good  shape  of 
clothes ;  Bisogna  lasciarla  ancora  sotto 
la  pressa  perche  prenda  il  — ,  it  must 
be  left  in  the  press  a  little  longer  so  as 
to  take  the  right  shape.  4.  gesture, 
whether  by  hand  or  by  facial  expression ; 
Ho  fatto  il  —  di  volerlo  levare  da  terra, 
I  made  a  gesture  showing  I  wished  to 
pick  it  up ;  Al  sentire,  fece  un  —  di 
dispiacere,  he  showed  his  displeasure 
on  hearing  this.  5.  A  — ,  as  adj., 
pleasing,  agreeable.  6.  (mar.)  pattern, 
gauge,  model;  Legname  di  — ,  timber 
of  suitable  form  for  some  special  re- 
quirement. 

*  Lana,  or  Panni,  di  — ,  wool,  or  cloth  from  the 
region  known  to  the  Arabs  as  Garb,  or  in  Italian 
Garbino,  v.  infra  (C). 

*(B)  (O.H.G.  **Aanv,>U.H.G.  harwer,  Germ. 
herb);  sour,  harsh. 

*(C)  (Arabic  garbi,  west);  Re  del  Garbo,  in 
Boccaccio,  king  of  the  West. 

tGarb6s-o;  graceful.     Ajj.  t-ino  dim.  vezz. 

Garbligli-O  m.  (cogn.  Span,  garbullo, 
etym.  unkn.) ;  agitation,  intrigue,  tur- 
moil. Aff.  -one  intriguer. 

+  GarcinayC;  =  Calcina,  lime. 

Gardenia  yC;  (bot.)  —  odorosa,  Cape  jasmine, 
Gardenia  Jtorida,  also  termed  Gelsomino  del  Capo 
di  Buona  Speranza. 

*Gardingo;  =  i.  Guardingo,  watchful,  ii.  as 
proper  name,  a  part  of  Florence  near  the  Palazzo 
Vecchio  on  the  site  of  the  present  Piazza  di  San 
Firenze. 

Gareggi-are  ind.  gare"ggio  (It.  gara) ; 
to  vie.  Aff.  -ame"nto,  -at6re. 

*  Gareggioso  ;=  Leticone,  quarrelsome. 

Gar&may"!  (Fr.  garenne,<  Germanic 
sources,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Warren) ;  rabbit- 
warren. 

Garentire ;  pop.  for  Garantire. 


Gar6tta/.  (Fr.  guMte,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Garret);  i . look-out  tower.  2.  sentry-box. 

Gare'tto  (Gheretto)  m.  (cogn.  Span. 
jarrete,  Fr.  jarret,  <  old  Fr.  garrei,  of 
Celtic  origin,  cp.  Cornish  gar,  leg, 
Welsh  gar,  thigh,  low  Breton  garr, 
shin);  i.  the  back  of  the  heel.  2.  leg, 
esp.  of  a  horse.  3.  knuckle  of  veal,  or 
mutton. 

Gargafi  o  ;  of  Boeotia. 

*Gargagliare  (far.  of  Gorgogliare);  i.  to  sing 
loudly  but  so  that  the  words  cannot  be  distinguished, 
ii.  ~  Gorgogliare,  to  gurgle. 

*Gargal-one  or  -ozzo  in. ;  =  Gargarozzo,  throat. 
tGargame  in. ;  =  Incanalatura,  fluting. 
tGarganay;  (from  iniit.  base  garg,  v.  Skeat, 
snb  Jargon);   throat  (as  vocal  organ). 
Garganegay;;  a  variety  of  grape. 

Garganella    /     (dim.     Gargana)  ; 

1.  Bere,    Mandar  giii   a   — ,  to   pour 
drink  down  one's  throat  without  touch- 
ing the  vessel  with  the  lips  or  stopping 
for  breath.     2.  =Garganello. 

Garganello  m. ;  i.  =Quattr>  occhi, 
golden-eye  duck.  2.  =Marzaiola,  wild 
duck.  3.  =Arzavola,  teal. 

tGargan6zzo  jn. ;  =  Gargarozzo,  throat. 
•Gargamiglia   f.    (Span.,  <  Span,   garganta, 
throat);=Monile,  necklace. 

Gargarismo  m.  ;  i.  gargle.  2.  = 
Gorgheggio  brutto,  mal  eseguito. 

Gargarizzare  (base  garg,  v.  Gar- 
gana) ;  to  gargle. 

Gargar6zzo  m.  (by  reduplication,  < 
stem  gar,  v.  Garrire) ;  =  Gola,  throat. 

*Gargatto  m.  ;  =  Gola,  throat. 
Gargherismo  m.;  var.  of  Gargarismo. 

Gargia/  (etym.  unkn.);  fish's  gills. 

Garg-0  (O.H.G.  karag,  careworn, 
akin  to  A.S.  cearu,  anxiety, >E.  care); 
crafty. 

Aff.  -onaccio  aitgtn.  pfgg. ,  -one  nugtn. 

Gargbtta  /  (Fr.  gargote,  cp.  gar- 
goter,  the  noise  of  boiling,  of  imit. 
origin);  cook-shop. 

•Gargozz-ay:,  -o  »«.;  =  Gola,  throat. 

Garibaldino  m.\  one  of  Garibaldi's  irregulars. 
*Garibo  m.\~ Caribo. 
'Garibullarsi ;  7'.  Garabullarsi. 
*  Garidde  f.  pi. ;  (mar.)  framing  of  the  hull. 
*Gariglio  in.  ;  =  Gheriglio,  nut. 

Garigli6ne    m.  (Fr.  cariH0ti,<\)]t.  tjuadrilio, 
properly.a  chime  of  four  bells);   carillon,  chime. 
*Garingal  w.;  =  Galanga,  galingale. 

Gariofilata./;  (fe/.)=Garofanata,  avens. 
tGarire  (var.  of  Garrire);  to  answer,  contradict. 
•Garittay;;  i.  v.  Garidde.     ii.  =  Garetta,  sentry- 
box. 

*Garizzai-o  ?«.,  -a  f.\  disputatious  person. 
tGarizzow/.;  v.  Menola  (2). 
*Garnacca/:;  =  Guarnacca,  cloak. 
*Garo   m.  (L.,<Gr.  yapoO;   a  dressing  made 
from  fish. 

Garbfana  adj. ;  an  October  variety  of  pear. 

Garofanare  ind.  garofano  ;  to  spice 
with  cloves. 

Garofanata/;  (/'0/.)=Benedetta,  avens,  herb 
Bennet. 

Garofanato  ;  clove-scented. 

Garofanine/".  //. ;  v.  Persianine. 
Garofanino  w. ;  (bot.)  i.  dim.  vezz.  Garofano. 

2.  in   //.,    a    species    of    willow-herb,    Epilobhim 
spicatum. 

Garbfano  (Gherofano)  m.  (modern 
Gr.  yapv<ba\ov,  <  Gr.  Kapvo<f>v\\ov,  the 
clove  tree,  <  icdpvov,  kernel,  root  kar, 
hard,  (f>v\\ov,  leaf,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Gilly- 
flower); (bot.)  i.  clove,  the  unexpanded 
flower  of  the  clove  tree,  Caryophyllus 


aromaticus,  or  the  tree  itself.  2.  - 
coltivato,  clove-pink,  Dianthus  caryo- 
phyllus,  also  termed  Viola  garofanata, 
Viola  de'  giardini.  3.  --  della  Cina, 
Chinese  pink,  Dianthus  chinensis,  also 
termed  Viola  della  Cina.  4.  -  -  da 
incartare,  carnation,  v.  Viola  (3).  5.  — 
indiano,  African  marigold,  v.  Puzzole 
grandi.  6.  —  indiano  minore,  French 
marigold,  v.  Puzzole  minori.  7.  —  da 
pennacchio,  fringed  pink,  Dianthus 
superbus.  8.  —  salvatico,  Carthusian 
pink,  Dianthus  Carthusianorum,  also 
termed  Viola  salvatica,  Scarlattea. 

tGar6folo  /«.;  =  Garofano. 
Gardna  f.',  the  river  Garonne. 

Garontolare  ind.  gar6ntolo;  to  hit, 
to  punch  (strictly  in  the  armpit). 

Gar6ntol-o  m.  (prob.  a  dim.  based 
upon  Gr.  ypovdos,  fist);  i.  blow,  esp.  in 
the  armpit.  Fare  a'  -i,  to  contend. 
2.  =Bitorzolo,  lump. 

*Garos-amente  ;  v.  -o.  *-ello  =  Carosello. 
t-fa./T;  Far  le  -ie,=Stare  a  tu  per  tu,  to  squabble. 
*-o,  contentious. 

*  Garovanay^;  =  C'arovana,  caravan. 
Garpay;  (Fr.  grappe);  (vet)  grease,  in  horses' 

legs. 

*  Garrare  ;  =  Garrire.      Mia   coscienza   non    mi 

Sirra,  my  conscience  does  not  speak  harshly  to  me, 
.  Inf.  15.  92. 
*Garrazzano;  =  Garritore,  clamorous. 

Garr<§se  ;«.  (etym.  unkn.,  akin  to 
Garetto  ?) ;  withers. 

Garrett-a/,  -o  in. ;  v.  Garetto. 


*Garrevole;  harsh,  threatening  (growl). 
•Garrinello  »/.  (dim.,  based  on  Garrire); 


chat. 


Garr-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  warble, 
twitter,  as  birds.  2.  tr.  to  speak  in 
harsh  tones  to,  to  chide. 

Etym.     L.,  akin   to   Gr.   yi)pvw,   to   sing,  cry, 
Irish  gair,  gairm,   crying,  Jbr-gaur,   I    command, 
O.H.G.  kara,  cry  of  grief  (>Germ.  Charwoche, 
Passion  week),  A.S.  cearu,  anxiety  (>E.  care), 
*Garriss-ayl;  loquacity. 
Garr-ito  in.,  -itore;  i>.  -ire. 
Garrul-amente,  -ita;  v.  -o  (i). 
Garrulo  (L.,  v.  Garrire);  i.  as  E.     2.  as  sb., 
—  di   Boemia  =  Beccofrusone,  Bohemian  wax-wing 
(bird). 

*Garuglio  m.  ;=Mallo,  husk  of  a  walnut. 
tGarusay?;  thorny  snipe-head  shell,  v.  Hullo  (i). 
tGarusolayl;  rock-shell,  Murex. 

Garza  /  (A)  (prob.  <  Fr.  gaze,  said 
to  be  so  called  from  Gaza,  the  place 
which  originated  the  stuff);  gauze, 
tin  //.,  fish's  gills. 

(B)  (**cardius,  <  mlt.   cardus,  =  L. 
carduus,  thistle  for  wool-combing,  from 
the  resemblance  of  the  bird's  crest  to 
the  comb);  =  Airone,  heron. 

(C)  (mar.)  a  certain  kind  of  knot,  v.  Garzetta. 
*(D)(far.  of  Ganascia  ?)  jaw-bone  of  a  horse. 

Garzaia  f. ;  heronry. 
Garz-are  (It.   garzo);    to  card,   to 
tease  out.     Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Garzellay. ;  comb  for  carding  wool. 

Garzetta./  (A)(var.  of  Gassetta) ;  (mar.)  —  da 
terzaruolo,  reef  becket.  (B) ;  =  Sgarzetta,  little  egret. 

Garzetto  m. ;  dim.  Garza,  young  heron. 

Garziero;  (vet.)  Andare  — ,  of  a  horse,  to  hold 
its  head  too  high,  and  stretched  out  in  front. 
*  Garzignuolo;  a  variety  of  pear. 

Garzo  HI.  (mlt.  cardus,  v.  Garza,  B);  carding. 
*  comb. 

•Garzolino  »i.;  =  Garzoncello,  little  boy. 

Garzblo  (Garzuolo)  in.  (dim.  Garzo, 
comb) ;  i.  hemp-fibre  of  the  best  quality. 
2.  (from  resemblance  to  the  head  of  a 
comb)  cabbage-head. 


GARZONA— GAVONE 


269 


Garzon-a  /,  -accio  pegg^  -astro  m. 
augm.  strong  boy,  -ato  m.  apprentice- 
ship, -cello,  -cella,  -cino  dims*,  v.  -e. 

Garzdne  m.  \  boy,  usu.  boy  in 
service,  e.g.  farm-boy,  shop-boy,  etc. 

*i.  son.  ii.. bachelor,  fiii.  Garzon  del  marangon, 
=  Sergente  per  falegnamt,  cramp-frame. 

Ktym.  Fr.  garfon,  originally  accusative  of  old 
Fr.  garsi  cffffn.  Proven^,  gartz^  old  Pro\en%.guars0n, 
g-uarz&n,  Portug.  gar$ao,  Span,  garzon,  young 
man,  mlt.  garcio.  Origin  much  disputed  and  quite 
uncertain,  v.  Littre,  sub  Garden. 

*Garzuto  (It.  garza,  C);  with  large  jaw-bones. 

Gas  pop.  Gasse  (Gaz)  m.  indecl.\  as  E.;  the 
term  was  invented  by  Van  Helmont,  the  Belgian 
chemist  (d.  1644),  out  of  the  Gr.  x"°«- 

Gaschetta /.  (par.  of  Gassetta) ;  (mar.)  gasket, 
a  canvas  band  used  to  bind  the  sails  to  the  yards 
when  furled,  a  strip  of  tow  for  packing  a  piston  or 
the  like. 

Gasco  m.  (Span,  casctt,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cask, 
Casque);  a  kind  of  helmet. 

*Gasind-o  or  -io  m.  (bit.  gasind-us,  -ius,< 
O.H.G.  gasind,  travelling  companion, >Germ.  Ge- 
sinde,  the  domestic  servants  of  a  household) ;  free 
servant  of  a  prince  in  the  middle  ages,  e$p.  in  Lom- 
bardy. 

*  Gaso  m.\  some  kind  of  sewing. 

Gas-ogene,  -6rnetro,  -6so;  v.  Gass-. 
tGas6ne  m.  (Fr.  ga&m);  sod. 
tGasparo  m.;  (mar.)  Spanish  burton,  a  kind  of 
tackle. 

Gasper-o  m.\  proper  name,  it  is  used  scherz. 
for  Ladro,  thief.  Aff.  -ino  dim.,  little  thief. 

Gassay?;  (mar.)  i.  eye  (round  hole).  2.  — a 
doppia  impiombatura,  also  termed  —  a  potta  di 
vacca,  Fessa  di  pecora,  Impiombatura  a  cocca,  cut- 
splice.  3.  —  con  mezzo  parlato,  half-hitch,  locally 
termed  Volt  a  rionda  con  sopramano  ;  —  con  parlato, 
two  half-hitches.  4.  —  alia  penese,  Flemish  eye,  made 
eye-  5*  ™  <*'  amante,  bowline  ;  —  d'  amante  doppia, 
bowline  on  the  bight ;  —  d'  amante  scorrevole,  run- 
ning bowline.  6.  =  Brancarella,  cringle. 

Gassaidlo  m.\  gas-fitter. 

Gass-e;  v.  Gas.    Aff.  -ificare,  -if«5rme. 

Gassetta  (Gaschetta,  Garzetta)/;  (mar.)  \.  — 
per  serrare  le  vele,  sail-gasket,  canvas  band  for  bind- 
ing the  sail  to  the  yard  when  furled.  2.  —  per 
serrare  il  venire  di  una  vela,  bunt-gasket.  3.  — 
d'  infioritore,  or  Matnffione  per  inferire,  roband, 
rope-band. 

Etym.  Cogn.  E.  gasket,  Fr.  far«//*,<Span. 
garceta,  tuft  of  hair  falling  on  the  temple,  so  called 
from  resemblance  to  the  crest  of  a  heron,  which  in 
Spanish  is  garceta  and  thought  to  be<**c«x«&«j, 
v.  sufra,  Garza  (B). 

Gassdgene,  Gasdgene,  Gaz6gene  m. ;  as  E. 

Gassdmetro  m.;  i.  gasworks.  2.  gasometer. 
3.  gas-meter. 

Gass6sa  (Gazzosa)/! ;  soda-water, 
Gassdso  or  Gas6so  ;  gaseous. 
Gastaldo  ;  z/.  Castaldo. 

tGastauriello;  v.  Sairide. 

Gasterosteo  m.  (Gr.);  i.  —  comune,  common 
stickleback,  Gasterosteus  aculeatus.  2.  —  pun- 
gen  te,  ten-spined  stickleback,  Gastcrosteus  pun- 
gitius.  3.  —  marino,  fifteen-spined  stickleback, 
Gasterosteus  spinachia,. 

Gastigamatti  m.\  i.  whip.     2.  chastiser. 

Gastig-are  or  Castig-are  ind.  -(go 

(L.  castigare^  lit.  to  keep  pure,  <casfust 
chaste);  i.  to  punish.  2.  of  plants,  fig. 
to  prune  too  hard.  Aff.  -atame'nte  with 
great  accuracy  of  language,  -atdzza 
purity  of  style,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -o  sb. 

tGastodella;  v.  Sairide. 

'Gastone  m.\  elder  flower  or  berry. 

Gastr-algia,  -icismo  (gastric  affection),  -ico, 
-ite  or  -ftide,  -oenterico,  -oenterite,  -onomia, 
-on6mico,  -onomo  (Gr.);  as  E. 

tGata  j»C;=Sassifrago,  parrot-fish. 

t  Gat  or  usola  /. ;  =  Sanguinerola,  minnow. 

Gatta  f.  (for  derivation  and  for 
certain  separate  meanings  of  Gatto  m. 
see  below,  Gatto);  i.  she-cat.  2.  Chia- 
mar  la  —  •-  e  non  micia,«=to  call  a 
spade  a  spade.  3.  Far  la  —  morta, 
or  la  —  di  Masino,  to  pretend  to  be 
asleep;  Uscire  di  —  morta,  or  mogia, 
to  throw  aside  all  pretence.  4.  —  ci 


cova,  =  there  is  a  snake  in  the  grass. 
5.  Non  portar  —  in  sacco,  i.e.  to  speak 
plainly.  6.  Necane  ne  — ,  neither  one 
thing  nor  the  other.  7.  Pigliare  una 
— ,  or  certe  gatte,  a  pelare,  to  do 
troublesome  work  which  is  no  good. 
8.  (mar.)  manger,  a  sort  of  trough  to 
catch  water  coming  in  through  the 
hawseholes  and  prevent  it  from  wetting 
the  deck,  also  termed  Lavarello,  Man- 
giatoio.  9.  dog-fish  of  various  species, 
v.  Chimera  (2)  and  Scillio. 

*i.  Aver  mangiato  il  cervel  di  — ,  to  be  mad. 
ii.  Avere,  Volere,  or  Non  volere  la  — ,  of  a  risky 
job.  iii.  Dar  — ,  =  Sconfiggere.  iv.  —  cieca, 
=  Mosca  cieca.  v.  Testa  di  —  a  variety  of 
apple. 

tyi.  —  d'  aspreo,  —  nostrana,  —  schiava,  v. 
Scillio.  vii.  —  nausinieri,  v.  Scinno. 

Gattabuia/ ;  scherz.  prison. 

Gatt-accio,  -accia  ;  pegg.  of -o,  -a. 
"  Gatta- fodero  w.;  cat-skin.  *-foraor  *-furayC; 
a  kind  of  tart.     *-furato;  cowardly,  frightened  of 
a  cat.     *-furone  m. \  augm,  of  -fura.     *-io  m.\ 
cat's-meat  man. 

Gattaiola  f. ;  hole  in  a  door  for  the  cat. 
*i.  =  Ripiego,  Scampo.    fii.  =  Gattabuia, 

Gattamdrta/ ;  v.  Gatta  (3). 

Gattaria/;  (hot.)  catmint,  Nepeta  cattaria. 
t  Gattarozpla ;  =  Bavosa,  blenny  (fish). 

Gatt-eggiare  ind.  -6ggio;  to  have  a  play  of 
colours  like  a  cat's  eye  (jewel). 

* Gattello  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Gatto.  ii.  =  Mensola, 
bracket. 

Gattero  m.  ;  =  Gattice,  poplar. 
Gatt£sco ;  of  cats,  cat-like. 

Gattice  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  white 
poplar,  v.  Pioppo  (r,  a), 

Gattigliarsi ;  to  fight  like  cats. 

Gattina  f. ;  a  disease  of  silkworms 
when  they  become  wrinkled  and  cease 
to  grow. 

Gattfn-o  m. ;  i.  kitten.  2.  in  Tus- 
cany, strip  of  tulle  on  a  woman's  hat, 
or  round  the  neck.  3.  (hot.}  catkin. 

4,  Fare  i  -i,  to  vomit. 

Gatt-0  m.  (late  L.  catusy  v.  Skeat, 
jw^Cat);  i.  tom-cat.  2.  Esser  quattro 
-i,  i.e.  to  be  few ;  La  legge  e  buona  ma 
son  quattro  -i  a  volerla,  it  is  a  good  law 
but  there  are  very  few  people  who  re- 
quire it.  3.  =  Berta,  pile-driver.  4.  spreg. 
for  boa,  fur  wrapper  for  the  neck. 

5.  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of  mantlet  for 
sheltering  besiegers,  the  mnea  of  the 
Romans.     6.    Occhio  di  — ,  cat's  eye, 
the  jewel.     7.    catkin.     8.    dog-fish   of 
various  species,  v.  Gatta  (9).     9.   For 
phrases  with  Gatta,  v.  supray  Gatta,  in 
loco. 

*i.  country  person,  ii.  —  frugato,  countryman 
who  comes  to  town.  iii.  Ogni  oste  ha  sotto  il  — , 
=  Gatta  ci  cova,  v.  Gatta  (4). 

Gattomamm6ne  m.  or  Gatto  mam- 
mone,  which  last  word  is  the  Turkish 
maimum ;  i.  mandrill,  a  species  of 
baboon,  native  of  Guinea,  Papio  mai- 
mon.  2.  an  imaginary  animal  of  popular 
stories. 

tGatton  m.\  —  bruno,  gray  shark,  v.  Notidano. 

Gatt6n-e  m. ;  i.  big  cat.  2.  -i, 
mumps.  *sly  puss. 

Gatt6ni  adv.\  Andar  — ,  <?rgatton 
—  ,  to  crawl  on  one's  hands  and  knees 
so  as  not  to  be  seen. 


Gattopardo  ;«.,  or  Gatto  pardo ; 

1.  leopard.     2.  beagle  (fish),  a  species 
of  shark,  v.  Scillio. 

Gattucci-o  m.,  -a  f.\  T.  dim.  spreg.  Gatt-o, 
-a.  2.  a  species  of  dog-fish,  v.  Scillio.  3.  =  Saracco 
a  punta,  keyhole-saw, 

+  Gattumaglia /!;  confused  horde  of  people. 
tGatuzza/;  v.  Gata. 

Gaudeamus,  Latinism;  Stare  in  — ,  to  be 
merry. 

Gaudent-e;  i.  Vita  del  — ,  Epicurean  life; 
Fare  il  — ,  to  live  like  an  Epicurean.  2.  Frati  -i, 
an  Order  of  chivalry  founded  by  Urban  IV.  Aff. 
-one  augm. 

Gaudio  m.  (L.,  P.  Godere);  self-satisfaction, 
contentment. 

Gaudi6s-o;  joyous.  Misteri  -i,  the  first  five 
mysteries  of  the  cycle  of  the  rosary  in  which  the 
heavenly  joys  of  the  Madonna  are  told.  Aff. 
-amente. 

*Gaulo  ;//.;  i.  a  kind  of  drinking-bowl.  ii.  an 
old  kind  of  merchant-ship.  Hi.  =  Grottaione,  bee- 
eater. 

Gavaina  A;  blacksmith's  tongs. 
*Gavardina  f.  (old    Fr.  galvardine^  v.   Skeat, 
sub  Gabardine);   loose  dress. 

tGavardtto  w.;=Garontolo,  blow. 

Gavazz-are  (**gavasare,<blt  %a- 

vasus,  =  L.  gavisus,  part,  of  gaudeo) ; 
to  enjoy  oneself  without  restraint.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

*  Gaveggiare ;  metathesis  of  Vagheggiare. 
*Gavello  »/.;  i.q.  Gavio. 

Gav^ttayC  (A);  i.  (war.)  mess-platter  or  bowl. 

2.  mess,  group  of  men  who  mess  together.  3.  amongst 
the  Papal  guards,  group  of  men  on  duty  together. 

Etym.  \*\\.. gabetta,  <iY/«.<L..fw/W.7(>O.H.G. 
gebita))  prob,  of  Celtic  origin,  cp.  Irish  gabaitn, 
I  take. 

(B);  i.  skein  of  catgut  for  musical  instruments. 
2.  gold  wire  as  first  drawn  from  the  machine.  3.  fine 
iron  wire. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Modenese  dial,  scaveta,  sgai^eta^ 
Genevese  echcvette,  prob.<** scapettus,  dim.  of  L. 
scapus,  shaft,  stalk  ;  root  s&qf,  to  support.  Scapus 
also  meant  a  cylinder  on  which  books  were  rolled, 
and  if  the  above  derivation  be  correct  scapettus  must 
have  been  a  thing  of  this  kind  and  so  came  to  mean 
the  skein  wound  upon  it. 

*Gavezza_/;  (for  Cavezza,  halter);  Jig,  =  Birba, 
rogue. 

Gaviale  m.(cogn.  E.  and  Fr.  ^az>/a/,<Hindo- 
stanee g. hariy&l^  the  East  Indian  crocodile);  as  E. 
* Ga viglio  M. ;  v.  Gavio. 

Gavignay".  (** cavineat<.\*.  cazms);  in//.,  the 
hollows  of  the  armpits  where  wrestlers  take  their 
hold. 

*Gav|gnare  ;  =  Aggavignare,  to  seize. 

Gavill-are,  -o;  v.  Cavilk 

Gavina  /  (A)  (dim.  of  L.  gavia, 
gull)  ;  sea-mew,  Larus  canus,  also 
termed  Zafferano,  Mezza  mosca. 

(B)  (var.  of  It.  cavina,  <L.  cavus)\ 
in  pl.y  scrofulous  glands  in  the  neck,  or 
the  scars  after  their  excision.  t  =  Chia- 
vica,  sewer. 

*Gavinello;=Rozzo,  Zotico,  boorish. 
Gavinoso;  HSU.  Gangolosp,  v.  Gavina  (B). 

*  Gavio,  Gavello,  Gaviglio  m.\   felly,  one  of 
the  curved   pieces  making   the  circumference  of  a 
wheel. 

Etym.  unkn. ;  the  form  is  suggestive  of  L.  cavus, 
hollow,  or  cavea,  socket. 

G-avitello  m.  (cogn.  Proven^,  ga- 
iriteon,  buoy,  cp.  Proven^,  gaveto,  bowl, 
—  Fr.y'a//^,  which  are  <  L.  gabata^  plat- 
ter, a  word  of  Celtic  origin,  akin  to 
Irish ^KV&Z'JM,  I  take;  cp.  also  Gavetta, 
supra)\  buoy,  esp.  that  attached  to  the 
buoy-rope  of  an  anchor. 

Gavbcciolo  m.  (etym.  unkn. ;  perhaps 
a  dim.  <  L.  caput) ;  lump  under  the 
skin,  esp.  the  bubo  of  bubonic  plague. 

t  Ga  voccioloso  ;  -  Bernoccoluto,  lumpy. 

Gavdnchio  m.  (prob.  <  ** cafiuncvlus,  <  L. 
ta/'ut,  cp.  Capitone);  sea-eel. 

fGav6ne  m.\  (mar.)  i.^Deposito  del  nocchiere, 
boatswain's  store-room,  ii.  =Estremit£  della  stiva, 
peak,  the  narrow  part  of  a  ship's  hold  near  the  stem 
or  stern,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  mar.,  plate  39. 


270 


GAVONERA— GENDARME 


tGavonera  f.\  (;«rir.)  =  Prima  ghirlanda,  first 
breast-hook. 

tGav6rchio  ;«.;=Ragazzo  o  uoino  stento  e  che 
speclalmente  si  da  1'  aria  di  forte. 

Gavdttay:  (A)  (from  the  name  of  the  Gavots, 
inhabitants  of  Gap,  in  France);  a  kind  of  minuet  or 
music  therefor. 

(B);  a  species  of  gurnard  (fish). 
GavozzayC;  dosser,  a  wooden  scuttle  of  deter- 
minate capacity  for  feeding  mineral  and  flux  into  a 
furnace. 

*Gazaria./C;  (hist.)=  Magistrate  genovese  pre- 
posto  a  tutte  le  colonie  levantine. 

Gazeolo  »/.;  a  chemical  mixture  burnt  for  the 
purpose  of  purifying  the  air  in  a  sick-room. 

*Gazofilacio  m.  (Gr.  <ya£a,  a  Persian  word  for 
treasure,  «f»vAaf,  guard);  treasure-house. 
Gazogene  «/.;  v.  Gassogene. 
Gazuolo;  (vet.)  Occhi  -i,  with  light  grey  iris. 

Gazza/  (A);  i.  magpie,  Corvus 
pica,  also  termed  Agazza,  Cecca,  Gaggia, 
Gazzera,  Pica,  Putta.  2.  -  -  che  ha 
pelata  la  coda,  fig.  for  wide-awake 
person.  3.  A  coda  di  — ,  =  A  coda  di 
rondine.  4.  Pelare  la  —  senza  farla 
stridere,  v,  Gallina  (8).  5.  Prov.  Nido 
fatto  —  morta,  of  a  man  dying  just 
when  he  has  made  his  fortune.  6.  - 
marina,  =  Ghiandaia  marina,  roller. 

7.  —     ghiandaia,  —  Ghiandaia,    jay. 

8.  -    sparviera,  =  Averla    maggiore, 
great  shrike. 

Etym.     Cogtt.  old  Fr.  agace^  Proven^,  agassa, 
gacha,  bit.  agasiti t  <  O.  H.G.   agazay  a  variant   of 
agalstra  (>Germ.   Elster\  cp.  A.S.  agu,  old   low 
Germ,  agastria  (>  Dutch  aakster). 
*(B);  (»mr.)=Garza(C). 

Gazzara/;  =  Gazzera,  magpie. 

Gazzari  m.  pi. ;  heretics  who  followed  Fra 
Dolcino,  D.  Inf.  28.  55. 

Gazzarra  /  (Span,  algazara,  war- 
cry,  cry  of  joy,  <  Arabic  gazdrah^  noise, 
clash  of  arms) ;  i.  uproarious  assembly. 
2.  noise  of  fireworks  or  of  guns  fired 
as  a  salute. 

*a  kind  of  armed  barge  or  river  war-ship. 

Gazzarro  in.\~ Tordela,  missel-thrush. 

Gazzella  f.  (Span,  gacfla,  <  Arabic  ghaza^ 
gazelle);  gazelle,  Antilope  dorcas. 

Gazzera  /;  i.  pof.  for  Gazza,  magpie.  2.  — 
marina,  i.q.  Gazza  manna,  z'.  Gazza  (6).  3.  Passera 
— ,  red-backed  shrike,  «•,  Passera  (A,  i,  c\ 

Gazzerare  ind.  gazzero;  to  trick, 
deceive. 

*  Gazzeria  f. ;  —  Gazzarra. 

*  Gazzerino ;    i.    blueish,    lit,    magpie-coloured 
(eyes),     ii.   Pruno  — ,  evergreen  thorn,  ?>.  Pruno  (2). 

'Gazzero;  v.  Gazzari. 
*Gazzerone  m.;  young  magp_ie. 
*Gazzerott-o    ?«.,    -a  f, ;    i.    young    magpie. 
»•  fig'  greenhorn,     iii.    chatterer. 

Gazze'tt-a  /;  i.  gazette;  Andare 
per  le  -e,  to  get  talked  about.  2.  Battere 
le  — ,  to  be  shivering  with  cold.  3.  (hist.) 
a  small  Venetian  coin.  4.  receiver  in 
which  vessels  of  majolica  and  porcelain 
are  placed  for  baking  in  the  furnace. 
*(mar.)  —  Garzetta. 

Etym.  I"  sense  ($  Prob.<&r.  ya£a,  treasure, 
a  Persian  word  ;  in  sense  (i)  perhaps  dim.  of  Gazza, 
but  more^rf^.  adapted  from  sense  (3),  the  coin  paid 
for  the  paper,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gazette. 

Gazzettaccia  f. ;  pegg.  Gazzetta. 

Gazzettante;  i.  great  newspaper- 
reader.  2.  spreg.  writer  for  the  news- 
papers. 

Gazzettiere  m. ;  spreg.  for  Giornal- 
ista. 

Gazzettfna  / ;  dim.  Gazzetta,  small 
newspaper. 

Gazzettino  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Gaz- 
zetta. 2.  =  Bollettino.  3.  Fare  il  — , 
to  be  a  great  gossip. 


Gazzett-6na  _/,   -6ne   m.,  augms.\    -uccia 
dim.  $pre%.\   -ucciaccia  dim.  spreg.  pegg.  of  -a. 
*Gazzmo;  i.q.  Gazzerino  (i). 

*  Gazzo;  i.  =Glauco.     ii.  sb.  cap  of  the  Genoese 
Doge. 

*Gazzoletta _/C;  dim.  Gazza,  magpie. 
*Gazzolone  ;«.;  =  Gazzerotto,  greenhorn. 

Gaz  z6sa  f.\  =  Gassosa,  soda-water. 
fGazzulina;  Lamorte — ,  =  11  mal  del  miserere, 
death  from  stoppage  of  the  bowels, 

*  Gazzuola  y.;  dim.  Gazza,  magpie. 
*Gazzurro  m. ;  i.  =  Gazzarra  (i).     u.  accord. 

Ge  (Giaietto,  Giavazzo) ;;/.  (Fr.  jots, 
<  L.  gagates^  <  Gr.  yaydnj^  jet,  so 
called  from  Tayat  in  Asia  Minor);  jet. 

*i.  =  Ci.     II  ge  vorria,  =  Ci  vorrebhe.     ii.— Gli  e, 
there  is,  cp.  Venetian  Xe. 
Gea/;  v.  Geo. 
Geata  _/C;  =  Smorfia,  grimace. 

*  Gebo  m. ;  =  Becco. 
*Gecchjmento  »/.;  humility. 

*Gecchir  (old  Fr.  gehir,  to  concede, <O. H.G. 
jehan,  to  acknowledge);  only  used  in/ar/.  gecchito, 
lowly,  humble. 

Gecini  m.  //.;  the  green  woodpecker  family. 
Geco  m.  (Malay  word,  iinit.  from  the  animal's 
cry);  gecko,  a  genus  of  lizards. 

Geenna  /  (Hebrew  ge>  valley  of,  and  Hinnom) ; 
i.  a  place  at  the  foot  of  Mt  Moria  where  the  Israelites 
sacrificed  their  children  to  Moloch.  2.  hell. 

Gegia/;  vezz.  of  Teresa. 
tGeggia;  A  —  ,=Accoccolato,  squatted. 
tGeggi-6ne  or  -clone  w.;=Freddoloso,  Pol- 
trone. 

tGeggirsi ;  to  allow  oneself  to  be  overcome  by 
cold. 

tGegomarsi ;  (»mr.)  =  Tonneggiarsi,  to  warp. 
•Gelamina;  v.  Giallamina. 
•Gelarchia/;  i.  =  Gerarchia.     ii.  metaphysical 
nonsense. 

Gel-are  ind.  gelo ;  i.  to  freeze ; 
Pezzo  -ato,  ice  pudding.  2.  part,  -ato 
as  sb.t  ice,  made  up  for  eating.  *  = 
Cagliare,  to  curdle.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*Gelata./:;=Gelo,  frost. 

Gelatame'nte ;  frostily. 

Gelatln-a/;  i.  jelly.  2.  isinglass. 
3.  Carta  — ,  gelatinised  paper  for 
photography.  *  freezing  mixture,  D. 
Inf.  32.  60.  Aff.  -oso. 

Gelato  «/.;  r>.  Gelare  (2). 
*Gelberde  m.\  a  variety  of  ochreous  clay. 
*Geldra  f.  (bit.  £e7<fa,<west  Germanic  gilda, 
7>.  Skeat,  sub  Guild);  rabble,  mob, 
*Geleria/;  =  Gelatina,  freezing. 

Gelicidio  m.  (\J.,<gelut  cadere)\  glazed  frost, 
Fr.  : 


some  kind  of 


gun. 


.  . 

Ge'lid-o(L.);  cold.     Aff.  -ezza. 
'Gelifalco  m.  (?vir.  of  Girifalco); 


Gelo  m.  (L.  gelu,  root  gela,  to 
freeze,  cp.  A.S.  col,  >  E.  cool)  ;  frost. 

Gel6n-e  ;«.  ;  i.  chilblain.  2.  scherz. 
Avere  i  -i,  to  be  jealous. 

*i.  tiHgtti.  Gelo.     ii.  icicle. 

Geldsa  /  ;  ricketty  boat,  v.  Geloso 
(4)- 

Gelos-accio  pegg.,  -am6nte  adv.  ; 
•v.  -o. 

Gelosia  /;  i.  jealousy.  2.  the 
lower  part  of  an  outside  shutter,  which 
can  be  raised  or  lowered  so  as  to  regu- 
late the  light  to  be  admitted  into  a 
room,  Fr.  jalousie.  3.  window  for 
observation  without  being  observed. 

*  i.  =  Persiana,  outside  shutter,     ii.    Moltiplicare 
per  —  ,  to  multiply  one  large  number  by  another  so 
that  the  figures  make  a  sort  of  grating  on  the  paper. 
Gelosiuccia  _/;  petty  jealousy. 

Gel6so  (bit.  zelosns,  —  Gr.  fi/Xomir, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Zeal);  i.  jealous.  2.  deli- 
cate, easily  put  out  of  order.  3.  sensitive 
(instrument).  4.  (mar.)  crank,  liable 
to  capsize. 

*Gelsa/:;  =  Mora,  mulberry. 


Gels-ato  ;  planted  with  mulberries, 
-e'ta/,  or  -6to  m. ;  mulberry  plantation. 
-ino  dim.  -o. 

Gelso  m.  (bit.  celsus,  for  morns 
celsus,  a  form  preserved  in  Sardinian 
dial.  Morighessa);  mulberry-tree,  Morus 
alba,  also  termed  Moro,  Moro  bianco. 

Gelsomlno  m.  (cogn.  modern  Pro- 
veng.  jaussemin,  jensemil,  Fr.  jasmin, 
<  Arabic  jdsamtin);  (hot.)  jessamine. 

Varieties  :  i.  —  comune  bianco,  common  white 
jessamine,  Jasminum  officinale.  2.  —  di  Arabia, 
Arabian  jessamine,  Jasminum  satnbac,  also  termed 
Mugherino  di  Goa.  3.  — azorico,.Ai£wj«w»r  Azori. 
cum.  4.  —  del  Capo  di  Buona  Speranza,  Cape 
jessamine,  v.  Gardenia.  5.  —  di  Catalogna  or  di 
Spagna,  Jasminum  gratufi^lorurtit  also  termed  Cata- 
logno.  6.  —  del  Chili,  Cestrum  j>arqui.  7.  —  del 
Chili  rampicante,  climbing  Chili  jessamine,  Mand*. 


— •  odorosissimo.  10.  —  della  Madonna,  syringa, 
v.  Salindia.  n.  —  de'  monti,  Androsace^  lactea. 
12.  —  di  notte,  marvel  of  Peru,  v.  Meraviglia  del 
Peru.  13.  —  odoroso  del  Canada,  Carolina  jessa- 
mine, Gclsemivm  nitidum.  14.  —  della  Virginia, 
Virginian  trumpet-flower,  Bignonia  radifans,  also 
termed  Tromba  del  Giudiziu. 

tGelsom6ro  >«.;  =  Gelso,  mulberry-tree. 

*  Gelura  f. ;  cold  season. 

Gemebdndo  (L.);  mournful,  moan- 
ing. 

Gemello  adj.  or  sb.  (L.,  dim.  of 
geminus,  double,  root  gem,  to  couple, 
cp.  Gr.  yafifta,  to  marry,  yivro,  he 
grasped,  Irish  getnel,  fetter);  i.  twin. 
2.  in  //.,  sleeve-links.  3.  =Binoculo, 
opera-glass.  4.  a  kind  of  twin  barge 
for  dredging.  5.  in  pi.,  the  constella- 
tion Gemini. 

Gemere  (L.)  perf.  gem-di  or  -etti, 
part,  -uto;  i.  to  moan,  to  weep  softly. 
2.  to  leak,  drip.  3.  of  a  wall,  to  sweat. 
4.  Far  —  i  torchi,  i.e.  to  publish. 

Gemicare  ind.  gemico  (dim.  Ge- 
mere); to  trickle. 

Gemin-are  ind.  gemino  ;  i.  to  work 
in  Niello,  to  damaskeen,  i.e.  to  engrave 
a  plate  and  pour  an  alloy  of  silver  and 
lead  into  the  incised  lines.  2.  =Rad- 
doppiare,  to  double.  Aff.  -atura. 

Gemino  (L.,  v.  Gemello);  double. 

*Gemire;  i.  =Gemere.     ii.  of  a  dove,  to  coo. 

Gemitfo  (Gemitivo)  m. ;  dripping, 
trickling,  v.  Gemere. 

Gemito  m. ;  groaning. 

Gemm-a  /  (L.);  i.  gem.  2.  bud 
of  a  vine.  3.  Sal  — ,  or  Salgemma, 
rock-salt. 

Aff.  -are  vb.t  -etta  -ettina  dims.,  -Ifero,  -ma  dim 
vezz. 

IGemo  m.  ;  =  Gomitolo,  skein. 

Gembnie  /  //.,  the  L.  gtmoniae,  — 
or  Scale  — ;  steps  on  the  Aventine  hill 
leading  to  the  Tiber  to  which  the  bodies 
of  executed  criminals  were  dragged  by 
hooks,  to  be  thrown  into  the  river. 
Hence_/^.  Trascinare  alle  — ,  to  pillory 
(a  political  opponent). 

Gemucchiare ;  =  Gemicare,  to  whim- 
per. 

Gemuto ;  part.  Gemere. 

•Gena/  (A)  (L.);  =  Gota,  cheek.    (B);  =  Iena, 
hyaena. 

Gendarm-e  or  pop.  Giandarme  m.  (Fr.  geiu 
d'arme);  policeman.  Aff.  -eria,  -esco. 


GENDO— GERMANO 


271 


*Gendo;  going,  p.  Gire. 

Genealog-ia,  -icamente,  -ico,-ista,  -izzare; 
asE. 

*Genebro  w.;=Ginepro,  juniper. 

Gener-abile,  -abiltta;  v.  -are. 

General-a/I;  v.  -essa. 

Generalato  m.\  i.  rank  of  General.  2.  («:<-/.) 
office  of  General  of  an  Order  or  duration  thereof. 

General-e  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  as  sb.  f.t  signal 
sounded  through  the  streets  of  a  city  for  the  troops 
to  return  to  quarters;  Sonare  la  — ,  to  beat  to 
quarters. 

AJf.  -a  or  -£ssa  scherz.t  wife  of  a  general,  -ino 
dim.,  general  short  In  height,  -issimo  superl.  of  -e, 
or  as  E,,  -ita,  -izzare,  -izzazidne,  -ra^nte,  as  E., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Gener-are,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azidne;  as  E. 

G&ner-e  m,  (L.,  root  gen^  to  pro- 
duce) ;  i.  kind,  sort,  genus.  2.  (gram.} 
gender.  3.  usu.  in  />/.,  merchandise. 

4.  {paint.)  genre;    Quadretto   di   — , 
painting  of  a  scene  from  every-day  life. 

5.  (mus.)  system  of  notation. 

*i.   Andare  a  — ,  =a  genio,  to  please,     ii.  Per  -i, 
generally,     iii.  —  nervoso,  (med.)  nervous  system. 

Generic-o;  i.  as  E.;  Parole -che,  vague  gene- 
ralities ;  Nome  — ,  surname.  As  sb. :  2.  actor 
capable  of  performing  various  types  of  character. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Generino  m.\  i.  dim.  vezz.  Genere 
(3),  excellent  article.  2.  (iron.)  dis- 
agreeable fellow.  3.  pop.  expression 
for  pretty  woman. 

G6nero  m. ;  son-in-law. 

Etytti.  L.  getter,  frob.  orig.  **gem-ert  akin  to 
ge minus,  cp.  Gr.  ya/i0pd$,  v.  sitfra,  sub  Gemello; 
the  m  was  replaced  by  an  n  under  the  attraction  of 
genus  and  its  cognates. 

Generos-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  as  E.  (L.  gene- 
rosus,  meaning  originally,  "high-born"). 

Genes-i/.  (in  D.  Inf.  u.  107,  «.);  as  E.  Aff. 
•iaco. 

Genetico  ;  in  relation  to  the  origin  of  a  thing. 

Genetliaco  (Gr.);  i.  adj.  birthday 
(poem  or  discourse)  on  the  occasion  of 
the  birth  of  a  prince.  2.  As  sb.,  birth- 
day (of  a  royal  personage). 

*  i.  native,     ii.  as  sb.t  astrologer. 
*Genetli-o  (Gr.);  adj.  birthday.     As  sb.,  Le  -e, 
birthday  feast  or  presents. 

•Genetli-ografo  m.;  astrologer.     Aff.  -ologia. 

Gcnetta  f.  (Span,  gineta  or  Fr.  genette^< 
Arabic  jarneit)\  genet,  Genetta  •vnlgaris,  a  cat-like 
species  of  civet. 

Genga./,  also  m.\  slut. 

Gengeli    m.  (Indian    word);   (bat.)    gingelly, 
Indian  sesame,  Stsairtum  indicum. 
Gengero  «.  ;  =  Zenzero,  ginger. 
*Geng-evo;  v.  -iovo. 
*Gengiacque  m.\  a  kind  of  dye. 
*Gengiov-o  «.,  *-a_/I;=Zenzero,  ginger. 

Gengiv-a(Gengia,  Gingia)/;  i.gum 
(of  the  mouth).  2.  (w#r.)  =  Ciglio,  edge 
of  a  bank.  Aff.  -dtta,  -ina,  dims. 

Etym.  L.  gingiva,  a  reduplication  <  root  gieu, 
to  chew,  cp.  O.H.G.  kin-wan  (>Germ.  kauen)\ 
A.S.  ceowan  (>  E.  chew),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Chew. 

Geni-a  /  (cogn.  Sicilian  dial.  %inia, 
Span,  ginea,  <  Gr.  ytvffj^  progeny) ; 
spreg.  crew,  crowd.  Aff.  -accia. 

Geni-accio  m.\  Pegg.  of -o,  but  sometimes  in 
good  sense. 

Genial-e ;  i.  congenial.  2.  bridal 
(bed).  3.  clever,  pleasing  (artist  or 
writer).  Aff.  -ita,  -me"nte. 

Genicul-o  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  genu, 
knee) ;  (bot.)  node  of  a  stem.  Aff.  -ato. 

Geni-etto  m. ;  dim.  of  -o.  -<£vole  ; 
=  -ale. 

G&nio  m.  (L.  genius^  tutelary  spirit 
assigned  to  a  soul  at  birth,  akin  to 
gigno^  genus,  etc.,  root  gen,  to  pro- 
duce); i.  genius.  2.  inclination,  taste. 


3.  character.  4.  —  militare,  corps  of 
engineers;  —  civile,  corps  of  civil  en- 
gineers in  State  employment. 

Geni-tale,  -tivoas  E.,  -to  born,  -t6re  father, 
-trice  mother. 

Gennaio  (Gennaro)  m.  ;  January. 
Sudare  di  —  ,  i.e.  to  have  great  anxieties. 

Etym.  L.  Januarius,  the  first  month  of  the 
year  having  been  dedicated  to  Janus  as  god  of  the 
sunrise,  cp.  L.  janua,  door,  Sanskr.  yati,  he  goes, 
root  ia,  cp.  L.  ire,  to  go. 

Gennariello  /«.*,  scherz.  for  Neapolitan,  the 
patron  saint  of  Naples  being  S.  Gennaro. 

Genov-a/;  Genoa.  Bellezze  di  —  ,  (bet.)  a 
plant  with  red  berries,  Solatium  pseudocapsicum. 
Aff.  -ese  adj. 

Genovinay^;  a  coin  varying  in  value  with  its 
date. 

Genovino  ;«.;  an  old  Genoese  coin  worth  about 
eight  francs. 

Gent  -accia  f.\  pegg.  of  -e.     -agliay.;  rabble. 

Gfcnt-e  /  (L.  gens,  clan,  akin  to 
genus)  \  i.  people.  2.  Far  —  ,  to  draw 
a  crowd  together.  3.  -  -  dell'  altro 
mondo,  impracticable  people  whom  one 
cannot  understand.  4.  —  di  scorreria, 
people  of  vagabond  life.  5.  —  bassa, 
mob  ;  —  per  bene,  respectable  people. 
6.  Diritto  delle  -i,  law  of  nations. 

Genterella  /  ;  dim.  spreg.  Gente. 
Gentildbnna  /  ;  gentlewoman. 

Gentll-e  (L.)  ;  i.  kind,  delicate, 
gentle.  2.  soft  (cloth).  3.  (Grano)  —  , 
without  beard.  4.  (Terra)  —  ,  easily 
worked.  5.  (Carne)  —  ,  tender.  6.  (Co- 
lore)  —  ,  rather  pale.  7.  (Fico)  —  ,  of 
delicate  flavour.  8.  Pagan.  9.  usu.  in 
pi.,  Gentiles. 

Aff.  -escamdnte,  -esco  gentlemanly, 
-dsimo  i.  the  Gentile  world.  2.  pa- 
ganism, -dzza  j&,  -ino  dim^  -ita,  = 
-esimo,  -izio  ancestral,  -me'nte  adv. 

Gentil-u6mo  or  -6mo  ;//.,  //.  gentil- 
-uomini  or  -omini  ;  gentleman. 

Gent-ina  dim.  spreg.,  -uccia  spreg., 
-ucciaccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucola  spreg. 
of  -e. 

Genuflessi6ney^;  as  E. 

Genuflettere  ind.  genufletto,  Per/.  genuflett-6i 
•^sti,/rtr/.  genuflesso;  to  bend  the  knee. 

Genuin-amente,  -ita,  -o  ;  as  E.  (L.t<fe»ust 
viz.  of  the  true  race  or  stock). 

Genziana/  (a  name  stated  by  Pliny  to  be 
from  that  of  an  lllynan  king,  Gentius,  who  was  the 
first  to  discover  its  properties);  (bot.)  i.  —  medicinale 
or  grande,  gentian,  Genttana  lutea.  2.  —  di  padule, 
marsh  gentian,  Gtntiana  pneumonanthe.  3.  —  pa- 
lustre,  marsh  felwort,  Divert  ia,  Perennis.  4.  — 
senza  stelo,  v.  Genzianella. 

Genzianella/".  ;  —  turchina  dell'  Alpi,  or  — 
senza  stelo,  Alpine  gentian,  Gentiatta  acaulis. 


m.  ;  i.  lover.  2.  =Smorfioso; 
Fare  il  —  ,  to  make  faces.  3.  =Smorfia, 
grimace.  4.  (hot.}  avens,  v.  Benedetta. 

Geocentrico  ;  (astr.)  as  E. 

Gedde  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.,  mz.  a  round  hollow 
stone  with  crystals  lining  the  cavity. 

Geo-desia,  -detico,  -gnosia,  -gn6sttco(Gr.); 
as  E. 

Geodinamica  f.\  dynamics  of  a  rigid  body. 

GeogoniayC  (Gr.);  theory  of  the  origin  of  the 
earth. 

Geo-grafio,  -graficamente.-grafico,  -^rafo, 
-logia,  -logicamente,  -Ibgico,  -logo;  as  E. 

Geoman-te,  -tico,  -zfa  ;  geomancer,  etc. 
(diviner  by  figures  or  lines  drawn  on  the  earth). 

Gebmetra  or  Geometra  m.\  geometer.  Aff. 
Geom-etria^  -etricamente,  -etrico,  -etrizzare. 

Ge6rgic-a  /.',  Georgic,  by  Virgil,  -o  ;  agri- 
cultural. 

Georg6filo  ;  patron  of  agriculture. 

Geost&tica  /;  statics  of  a  rigid  body. 

Geranio  or  Giranio  w.  (Gr.  ytpa.vi.ov,  <  ytpavos, 
crane,  from  the  shape  of  the  seed-pods);  (bot.)  i.  — 


colombino,  long-stalked  crane's-bill,  Geranium  co- 
lutnbinum,  also  termed  Piede  colombino  or  di 
Colombo.  2.  —  dentellato,  pheasant's  foot  geranium, 
Pelargonium  denticulatum*  3.  —  da  essenza  or 
rosato,  rose-scented  geranium,  Pelargonium  capita- 
turn.  4.  —  da  foglia  d'  edera,  ivy-leaved  geranium, 
Pelargonium  he Jerae folium.  5.  —  muschiato,  musk 
geranium,  v.  Erba  (83).  6.  —  notturno  odoroso, 
night-smelling  geranium,  Pelargonium  triste.  7.  — 
odoratissimo,  most  fragrant  geranium,  Pelargonium 
odorattssi mutn.  8.  —  da  odore  di  citro,  citron - 
scented  geranium,  Pelargonium  citriodorum.  9.  — 
da  odore  di  noce  moscata,  nutmeg-scented  geranium, 
Pelargonium  fragrans.  10.  —  pons6,  scarlet  gera- 
nium, Pelargonium  inguinans,  also  termed  —  scar- 
latto,  Sangumaria.  u.  —  de'prati,  meadow  crane's- 
bill,  Geranium  pratense.  12.  —  quercino,  oak- 
leaved  geranium,  Pelargonium  quercifoliunt.  13.  — 
roberziano,  herb  Robert,  v.  Erba  (133).  14.  — 
rosato,  v.  supra  (3).  15.  —  rosato  dai  fiori  rosei, 
pink-flowered  rose-scented  geranium,  Pelargonium 
roseum.  16.  —  scarlatto,  v.  supra  (10).  17.  — 
volga re,  dove's-foot  crane's-bill,  Geranium  ntolle, 
also  termed  Piede  di  gallo.  18.  —  zonale,  horse- 
shoe geranium,  Pelargonium  zonale. 

*  Gerapigray;  (Gr.  tepds,  irt«p<iv) ;  bitter  medicine. 
fGerao  m.\  atherine  (fish),  v.  Latterino. 

Gerar-ca  m.  (Gr.  ifpapxis) ;  hierarch. 
Aff.  -chfa,  -chicamdnte,  -chico. 

GerardinayT;  (bot.)  gout-weed,  v.  Egopodio. 

Geratico ;  v.  leratico. 

Gerb-a/:;  (bot.)  sedge,  Carex  stricta. 
tGerb-eggiare  ind.  -eggio;  to  make  faces,  v. 
Gerbo. 

Gerbellino  ;w.;  =  Zibellino,  sable. 
tGerbide  m.\  heath,  moorland. 

*  Gerbo  m.;  \.  =Gestro.     ii.  =Sterpo. 
*GerboIa/;  =  Coglia,  fop. 
*Gerb-olone  or  -oso;  making  faces,  v.  Gerbo. 

Gerbdne  m.\~ Erbone,  trifolium,  v.  Erba  (59). 
Gererniatayi;= Jeremiad. 

Ger&nte  m.  (Fr.,  <  L.) ;  re- 

sponsabile,  responsible  editor  of  a 
newspaper,  the  man  in  whose  name 
it  may  be  sued. 

Gerenza  / ;  management. 

"Gerfalco  ;«.;  i.  ^Girfalco.    ii.   a  certain  kind 
of  gun. 

G&rg-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  jargon,  Pro- 
venc,-  SerSons^  prob.  <  imit.  base  garg, 
i/.  Skeat,  sub  Jargon);  i.  gibberish. 
2.  slang. 

t^Gestro.     AJf.  -accio  pegg. 
tGergolin-a_/I,  -o  m.\  one  who  pulls  faces,  v. 
Gergolo. 

fGergolo  /«.;  =  Gestro,  grimace. 
tGergol-6ne  or  -6so;  =  Geo  (2). 
*Gergon-are;  to  talk  slang.  *-c;  adv. 

G^rla  /  (cogn.  Provenc,  gerlo,  old 
Fr.  gerle,  Catalan  gerla,  <  L.  gerula, 
bearer,  <,gerere)\  I.  basket  in  shape 
of  an  inverted  cone  to  be  carried  on 
the  back,  used  esp.  for  bread.  2.  chair 
of  the  academicians  of  the  Crusca,  made 
in  similar  shape. 

*  Gerlatico ;  Consesso  — ,  meeting  of  the  Crusca, 
•v .  Gerla  (2). 

t Gerle  in.;  a  small  fish,  v.  Menola  (2). 
*Gerlinaro  m.;  bearer  of  a  Gerlino. 
*Gerlinatay;;  basketful  of  charcoal,  etc. 

*  Gerlino  «r;  basket  equal  in  capacity  to  two 
Gerle. 

Gerlo  m. ;  (mar.)  i.  —  per  serrare  le  vele,  sail- 
gasket.  2.  —  per  terzaruoli,  =  Mataffione  di  terza- 
ruolo,  reef  point.  3.  —  per  terzaruoli  a  coccinello, 
reef-becket. 

Gerluccia/.;  dim.  Gerla. 
*Gerluzza_/i;  i.  =  Gerluccia.     ii.  dustbin. 

Germayf;  =  Gr.  a-ep^toi',  a  kind  of  cargo  ship 
in  the  Levant  and  on  the  Nile. 

Germanello  m.  \  tufted  duck,  Fuligulacristata. 

German-icp;  Germanic.  Aff.  -isnio  German 
idiom  or  style,  -ista  scholar  of  Old  High  German, 
*-ita.  brotherliness,  -izzare  to  Germanise. 

German-o  (L.  germanus^  lit.  from 
the  same  germ,  ?/.  Germe) ;  i.  natural 
(brother  or  sister);  Questo  significato 
4  fratello  —  di  quest'  altro,  this  meaning 
is  own  brother  to  this  other  one.  As 
sb. :  2.  own  brother,  or  as  /  -a,  sister. 


272 


GERMANOTTO— GHERONCINO 


3.  wild  duck,  mallard,  Anas  6oscas,  also 
termed  Anatra  salvatica,  Germano  reale, 
Mazorin,  Collo  verde.  4.  —  turco,  red- 
crested  whistling  duck  or  pochard, 
Anas  rufina,  also  termed  Caporosso 
maggiore,  Fischione  turco,  Fischione 
col  ciuffo,  Magasso,  Monaro,  Milluina, 
Morettone.  5.  •  -  di  mare,  =  Oreo 
marino,  velvet  scooter  duck.  6.  — 
forestiero,  =  Casarca,  ruddy  sheldrake. 
7.  —  marino,  =  Codone,  pintail  duck. 

Gennanbtto  m. ;  young  wild  duck, 
v.  Germano  (3,  4). 

Germe  m.  (L. germen,  bud) ;  I.  germ, 
strictly,  the  embryo  within  the  seed  of 
a  plant.  2.  —  di  fava,  (vet.)  the  black 
mark  on  a  horse's  incisors  showing  its 
age. 

Germinaia  >«.;  name  of  a  noted  Pistoian  wine. 
(Mandalo)  in  —  ,  =  al  gasse,  al  diavolo. 

Germinale;  i.  adj.,  v.  Germe.  3._  sb.  the 
French  republican  month,  March  ai  to  April  19. 

Germin-are,  -ativo,  -azibne;  as  E. 
* Germine  m. ;  i.  =  Germe.  ii.  in//.,  =  Minchiate. 

Germogli-amento,  -aref£.,  - etto dim. ',v.  -o. 

Germ6glio  m.  l**germuculus,  dim. 
of  L.  germen) ;  i.  sprout  from  the  seed, 
or  offshoot  from  a  bud  formed  in  the 
stem  of  a  plant.  2.  fig.  scherz.  off- 
spring. 

•Gerofante;  v.  lerofante. 

Gerogliflc-o  (leroglifico)  pi.  -i  (Gr., 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Hieroglyphic);  hiero- 
glyphic. Aff.  -amente,  -are  vb. 

Ger6-lamo ;  Jerome,  -nimfta ;  of 
the  Order  of  St  Jerome. 

Gerontocbmio  m.  (Gr.);  almshouse 
for  the  aged. 

Gerosblima ;  poet,  for  Gerusalemme. 

*  Gerrettiera  f. ; -  Giarrettiera,  garter. 

Gerris  m.',  a  genus  of  water-beetles. 
•Gersa/;  a  kind  of  paint  for  the  face. 

Gerund-io  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.) ;  i.  (gr am.) 
gerund.  2.  Dare  ne*  -i,  to  go  crazy. 

Gerusalemme  ;  Jerusalem.  Re  di  —  e  di 
Cipro,  the  title  of  the  house  of  Savoy  prior  to  Charles 
Albert.  Tu  ver'  — ,  io  verso  Egitto,  a  line  in  Tasso 
become  proverbial  to  express  You  go  your  way  and 
I  go  mine. 

*Gesmino  ;«. ;  =  Gelsomino,  jessamine. 

Gessaio  m. ;  plaster-cast  maker  or 
seller. 

Gessaiblo  m. ;  statuette-maker. 

Gessare  ind.  gesso ;  to  adulterate 
(wine)  with  gypsum.  *  =  Ingessare. 

Gessemani ;  i.  Gethsemane.  3.  scherz.  for 
Gesso;  Una  pipa  di  spuma  di  — ,  meerschaum 
pipe. 

Gess£tto  ;«. ;  chalk  made  into  a 
pencil  for  the  black-board. 

Gessinaio  m. ;  =  Figurinaio,  statu- 
ette-seller. 

Gessino  m. ;  statuette  in  plaster. 

Gesso  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.} ; 
i.  gypsum.  2.  plaster  cast  of  a  statue. 

3.  Rimanere  di  — ,  or  di  stucco,  to  be 
struck  dumb,  lit.  be  turned  into  plaster. 

4.  piece  of  chalk  for  writing ;  Presero 
1'  Italia  col  — ,  referring  to  the  conquest 
of  Italy  by  Charles  VI 1 1,  because  it  was 
enough  for  the  French  quarter-masters 
to   chalk   up  the  quarters  assigned  to 
the  troops  from  place  to  place  in  suc- 
cession ;  there  was  no  opposition.    5.  — 


da   legno,   a   kind  of  plaster  used  by 
carpenters  for  stopping  holes  in  wood. 

*i.  slang  term  for  wine.     ii.  dead  silkworm,  so 
called  from  its  whiteness. 

Gess6ni  >«.;  quarries  of  alabaster  near  Volterra. 

Gess6so ;  rich  in  gypsum. 

Gesta  properly  /.  pi.  =  L.  gesta, 
deeds  of  renown,  but  also  used,  e.g.  at 
D.  Inf.  31.  17,  as/  sing,  for  enterprise. 
Le  Canzoni  di  Gesta,  a  cycle  of  French 
romances  relating  to  the  time  of  Char- 
lemagne. 

*i.  =Esercito,  army.     ii.  =Schiatta,  race,  family. 
Gestaccio  m.;  fegg.  Gesto,  ugly  gesture. 

Gestare  ind.  ge'sto;  to  bear,  in  the 
womb. 

Gestatbria  / ;  carrying  chair,  esp. 
that  of  the  Pope. 

Gestazidne  /;  (meti.)  as  E. 
Gesticol-amento,     -are,     -at6re,    -atrice, 
-azidne;  as  E. 

Gestidne  /  (L.) ;  conduct  of  affairs, 
tenure  of  office. 

Gest-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  accompany 
a  speech  with  suitable  action  and 
gestures.  2.  to  administer. 

Gesto  ;«.  (L.);  gesture,  action. 

*  i.  =  Gesta,  undertaking,    ii.  =  Azione,  act.    Hi.  = 
Gestione,  administration,     iv.  =Cesso. 

Gestdre  m. ;  manager,  esp.  of  the 
goods  traffic  at  a  railway  station.  — 
della  piccola,  —  della  grande,  manager 
of  traffic  by  goods  train  and  passenger 
train  respectively,  Fr.  petite  vitesse, 
grande  vitesse.  » 

Gestr-0  m.  ;  (var.  of  Gesto,  possibly 
under  the  influence  of  Estro)  affected 
grimace.  Aff.  -mo  dim.  vezz. 

Gestrdn-e  m.,  -*/.',  v.  Gestroso. 
Gestrdso ;   prone  to    make    absurd    faces,   -'. 
Gestro. 

Gesii;  Jesus;  i.  —  morto,  figure  of 
Jesus  crucified.  2.  Parere  un  —  morto, 
to  appear  excessively  pale.  3.  —  pie- 
toso,  the  pawnbroker's  office.  4.  Darsi 
al  buon  — ,  to  give  oneself  to  religious 
thoughts.  5.  Esser  tutto  —  e  Madonna, 
to  appear  very  devout.  6.  Far  — ,  to 
join  one's  hands  in  prayer.  7.  Far  — 
con  tre  or  con  cento  mani,  to  be  ex- 
tremely grateful.  8.  Buona  notte  — , 
goodbye  to  it  (when  a  thing  is  lost  or 
ruined). 

Gesuatp;  (hist.)  of  the  Order  of  St  Jerome 
founded  at  Siena  in  the  i4th  century  and  suppressed 
by  Clement  IX  in  1668. 

Gesuit-a  m.;  Jesuit,  ti.  a  kind  of  pastry, 
ii.  =Scarabocchi  della  penna,  scrawl. 

Aff.  -ante,  -6ssa  i.  Jesuit  partisan.  2.  hypo- 
critical woman,  -icame'nte,  -ico,  -ismo  -one  or  -ona 
impostor. 

Gesummaria  excl.  ;=Gesu  e  Maria. 

Gesummio  ;  i.  =Gesu  mio.  2.  Viso  da  — ,  or 
da  mammamia,  Pharisaical  face. 

Get-o  m.  (Fr.  jet,  or  Proven;,  get,  <  L.  jactus, 
-i.  Skeat,  sub  Jess) ;  jess,  leather  strap  for  a  hawk's 
leg.  Beccarsi  i  -i,  to  struggle  in  vain,  lit.  peck  at 
the  jesses. 

Gettaidne  m.  (< botanical  L.  githage,<'L. 
gith  iiidecl.,  a  word  occurring  in  Pliny  but  referring 
to  a  different  plant,  viz.  fennel  flower,  Nigella)  ; 
corn-cockle,  Agrostemma  githago,  also  termed  Ro- 
sciola,  Gioglio  nero,  Mezzettone. 

Gett-are  ind.  ge^to;  i.  to  throw. 
2.  of  plants,  to  throw  out  (leaves  or 
shoots).  3.  to  cast  metals,  esp.  bronze 
statues.  4.  —  giii,  (a)  to  depreciate, 
speak  slightingly  of,  (b)  to  swallow,  gulp 


down,  esp.  fig.  to  accept  (a  rebuke)  in 
silence.  5.  to  waste  (time  or  money). 
6.  of  taxes,  to  bring  in,  yield.  7.  -arsi 
al,  to  take  to  the  trade  of,  usti.  in  bad 
sense,  e.g.  al  vagabondo,  to  take  to 
vagabondage. 

Etym.  Cog*.  Proven;,  gelar,  filar,  Fr.  Jeter, 
Span,  jitar,  fdechfir,  Portug.  geitar,  <  L.  jactare, 
fretj.  of  jacere,  to  throw,  the  root  of  which  is  ia,  to 
send,  cp.  Gr.  I»MXI,  the  c  being  an  insertion  for 
euphony  as  mfacere. 

Gettata/;  i.  throw.  2.  range  (of 
a  gun).  3.  (hot.)  shoot.  4.  (mar.)  jetty. 

Gettatello  in. ;  foundling. 
Gettatdio  ;«. ;  shoot,  spout. 

Gettat6re  m. ;  iron  founder,  v.  Get- 
tare  (3). 

Gtttito/«.;(w<i>-.)jettison.  *  =  Vomito,  Spurgo. 

Getto  m. ;  i.  jet,  gush,  spouting. 
2.  casting  (of  metal) ;  —  in  forme 
metalliche,  the  operation  of  casting  in 
iron  moulds,  "chills,"  or  the  chilled 
iron  so  produced.  3.  Far  —  di,  (a)  to 
fling  aside,  (6)  (Mar.)  to  jettison.  4.  = 
Messa,  shoot,  of  plants.  5.  =Tallo, 
flower-bud.  6.  concrete.  7.  Di  — , 
moulded,  or  fig.  of  a  composition, 
written  in  an  even  style.  8.  in  pi., 
sticks  of  wax  used  when  a  casting  is 
made  "a  cera  persa,"  v.  Fusione. 

*i.  throwing,  ii.  object  to  be  jettisoned,  iii.  yield, 
output,  iv.  Al  — ,  all  in  a  moment,  v.  Far — ,  to 
vomit,  tvi.  landing  at  the  top  of  a  flight  of  outside 
steps. 

Gett6ne  m.  (Fr.  jetori);  counter. 
*  =Gettaione. 

*Gevi/>/.;  =  Ghiovc,  slabs  of  turf. 

tGhebbio  w.;  =  Gozzo. 

*Gheffo  «/.;  =  Gueffo,  balcony. 

Ghega  or  GheggiayC;  i.  —  Acceggta,  wood- 
cock, a.  Aver  le  gheghe,  =  le  paturne,  to  be  in  the 
dumps. 

tGhengay:;  =  Smorna,  Daddolo,  grimace. 

Ghepardo  m.  (Fr.  gueflard,  appa- 
rently an  invented  term,  based  upon 
English  gay  parti;  for  pard,  v.  Pardo) ; 
cheetah,  Felis  jubalus. 

Gheppio  in.  (Gr.  aiyun-ior,  lam- 
mergeier,  <  ytty,  vulture) ;  kestrel,  Falco 
tinnunculus,  also  termed  Gheppio  di 
fabbi  ica,  di  grotta,  di  montagna,  minore, 
or  di  torre;  the  two  last  mentioned 
terms  are  also  applied  to  the  Grillaio, 
v.  Falco  (8). 

*Ghera/;  =  Ghiera. 

•Gherbello  m. ;  i.  =  Garbello,  sieve,  ii.  in//., 
=Geti,  jesses. 

*Gherbino  (Agherbino)  m. ;  v.  Garbino  (B), 
south-west  wind. 

•Gheretto  w,;  =  Ga_retto. 

*Gheriglio  (Gariglio)  »i.  ( t>rob.<** caryllium, 
dim.<Gr.  «aj>uoi<,  nut);  nut  after  removal  of  the 
husk. 

Gherlino  m.  (Germ.  Greling) ;  (mar.} 
line,  small  cable. 

Gherminella  / ;  trick,  properly, 
sleight  of  hand. 

Etym.  Pratt,  akin  to  O.  H.G.  garmixot,  magic 
formula,  garmindu,  to  enchant,<blt.  cttrjniifare,cf. 
Fr.  chartner. 

Ghenn-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  seize. 
2.  to  get  by  fraud.  Aff.  -itore,  -itrice. 

Etym.  Old  Italian  gremire,  fnro.  <  O.H.G. 
grimmett,  krimmen,  to  tear  as  a  hawk  with  beak 
and  claws. 

*  Gherofano  ;  v.  Garofano. 
Gheroncino  «/.;  dim.  Gherone. 


GHERONE— GHIOTTA 


273 


Gherdne  /«. ;  I.  gusset  in  a  shirt. 
2.  gore  in  a.  skirt,  or  in  a  sail.  3.  (herald. ) 
a.  Y-shaped  figure  in  the  shield  with  the 
space  between  the  arms  of  the  Y  filled 
up. 

*  i.  =  Pezzo  qualunque.  ii.  Pigliarsela  per  un — , 
to  go  quietly  away.  iii.  Avere  il  nimico  al  — , 
=  a'  fianchi. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  giro,  Fr.  giron,  Span. 
girone,<.O.  H.G.  gfro,  accusative  gernn  (cf.  A.S. 
g-6rtt,>E.  gore),  pointed  piece  of  stuff,  prob.<ger, 
the  triangular  head  of  a  lance,  it.  Ghiera,  and  Skeat, 
sub  Gore.  "  Originally  this  name  belonged  to  that 
part  of  a  dress  which  went  down  to  the  knees  and 
was  caught  up,  when  the  wearer  sat  down,  into  his 
lap  so  as  not  to  touch  the  ground ;  this  made  a 
triangular  shape  suggestive  of  the  head  of  a  spear 
and  was  therefore  called  in  mlt.  piltum  or  sagitta ; 
this  explanation  also  accounts  for  the  Fr.  form  giron, 
this  being  French  for  lap"  (Pianigiani).  See  also 
Littre,  sub  Giron,  where  he  quotes  a  Picard  form 
gron  meaning  apron. 

Ghe'tta  /  (A) ;  gaiter.  Stivaletti  a 
— ,  boots  of  which  the  upper  parts  form 
gaiters. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  giteto,  Fr.  gut- 1  re, 
pttestre,  Walloon  gitett,  north  Germ.  Westr,  of 
Germanic  origin  but  actual  derivation  not  known, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Gaiter. 

(B)  (Germ.  Gtattf,  litharge, <glatt,  smooth); 
the  semivitreous  oxide  of  lead,  litharge,  produced  in 
the  cupellation  of  silver. 

Ghettaio  /«.  (Ital.  ghetto) ;  =  Cianaio,  up- 
rnarious  place. 

Ghettare  ind.  ghetto;  to  refine  silver,  v. 
Ghetta  (B). 

Ghett-ina  /.,  -ini  m.  pi. ;  baby's  gaiter  or 
gaiters. 

Ghe'tto  in.  (prob.  <  Hebrew  ghet, 
deed  of  separation);  I.  Jewish  quarter 
of  a  medieval  Italian  city ;  hence 

2.  the   Jews   of  a   locality,   generally. 

3.  by  ext.,  dirty  district  inhabited  by 
the  very  poor.     4.  Far  un  — ,  to  make 
a  hubbub,  everybody  speaking  at  once. 

Gh.ett6ni  m.  pi.  (augm.  Ghetta); 
hij;h  gaiters. 

Ghettume  in. ;  uproar,  -v.  Ghetto  (4). 

G-hezzo ;  I.  dark-skinned,  applied 
to  the  colour  of  the  Moors  of  Barbary 
who  are  not  quite  black.  2.  of  a  grape 
beginning  to  darken  in  colour.  As  sb.  : 
3.  =  Porcino,  mushroom.  *some  species 
of  crow. 

Etynt.  According  to  Redi  from  Gr.  AiyuTrrux, 
or  I,.  Aegyptius',  according  to  others  <gkfz  or  gffz 
(which  has  all  the  appearance  of  being  an  Arabic 
alteration  of  AtyuirruK),  the  name  of  a  people  which 
p-i^sed  at  a  remote  date  from  southern  Arabia  to 
^•llle  mi  the  south-west  coasts  of  the  Red  Sea. 

Ghia/;  (mar.)  i.  whip,  girt-line. 
2.  —  doppia,  double-whip,  whip  upon 
whip.  3.  -  -  ad  amante  senale,  v. 
Gasparo.  4.  --  di  coffa,  tail  jigger. 

5.  -  -    delle    aste,    boom    tricing-line. 

6.  —  or  Leriza  del  bozzello  del  capone, 
cat-rope,  cat-back.     7.  —  di  testa,  bull- 
rope.     8.    —   del   ventrino,  bunt-whip. 
9.  —  doppia  del  ventrino,  bunt-jigger. 

•Ghiabaldana;  v.  Ghiarabaldana. 

Ghiacciaia  /. ;  i.y.  Diacciaia,  ice- 
house. 

Ghiacciaio  m. ;  glacier. 
Ghiacciaiu61o  m. ;  ice-merchant. 

Ghiacci-are,  -o,  -61o ;  v.  Diacci-are, 
o,  -olo. 

Ghiacciu6lay:;  a  variety  of  pear. 

Gb.iacciu.61o  m.  ;  i.  ice-bucket. 
2.  icicle.  3.  flaw,  in  a  jewel. 

H. 


•Ghia-cere,  *  -cinto;  v.  Gia-ccre,  -cinto. 

*Ghiad-ay;  or_-o  m.  (L.  glmiius,  sword);  i.  — 
Coltello,  knife.  ii.  A  ghiadt  or  A  ghiada,  by 
treachery,  iii.  intense  cold. 

Ghiaggiu61o  m.  ;  =  Gia^'giolo,  Flo- 
rentine iris. 

Ghiai-a  (Ghiara,  Chiaia)/  ;  gravel. 

Ely  in.  Cogn.  Proven9-  gtara,  Fr.  ftaire,<L. 
glarea,  which  is  frot,  by  dissimilatioiKr'Virai, 
root  ger,  to  pound,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gravel,  Grain, 
Corn. 

Aff.   -ata   strewing  gravel,  -one  angm.  coarse 

travel,  -dso  adj.,  -uttolo  hit  of  gravel,   -uzza  dim. 
ne  gravel. 

Ghianda  f.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gland); 
i.  acorn  ;  Caffe  di  —  ,  a  beverage 
prepared  from  roasted  acorns  in  the 
manner  of  coffee.  2.  in  pi.,  acorn- 
shaped  buttons  fastened  to  the  fringes 
of  curtains,  etc.  3.  (mil.  hist.)  acorn- 
shaped  missile,  shot  from  a  sling.  4.  (vet.) 
=  Morva,  glanders.  5.  —  unguentaria, 
(hist.)  acorn-shaped  holder  of  essences. 
6.  (hot.)  -  -  di  terra,  a  species  of 
vetchling,  Lathyrus  tuberosus.  7.  in 
pi.,  oval  balls  used  for  holding  tickets 
or  numbers  to  be  drawn  by  lot.  8.  — 
marina,  v.  Ghiandale. 

Gbiandaia  /  ;  i.  jay,  Garrulns 
glandarius,  also  termed  Berta,  Bertina, 
Gazza  ghiandaia,  Pica  ghiandaia  or 
palombina.  2.  --  nocciolaia  or  nuci- 


. 

3.  —  marina,  roller,  Coracias  garruln, 
also  termed  Cornacchia  azzurra  or  ciar- 
liera,  Gazza  marina,  Pica  marina  or 
merdaria,  Rulletto. 

Gbiandaibtto  m.  ;  young  jay. 

Ghiandale  m.  ;  i.  acorn  shell,  Lepas,  also 
termed  Balano,  Ghianda  marina.  2.  —  minore, 
small  striated  acorn  shell,  Lffns  talanoides,  locally 
termed  Capa  de  le  piere.  -3.  —  maggiore,  common 
barnacle,  Lefits  bo.la.nus,  locally  termed  Capa  de 
palo.  4.  turtle-wart  barnacle,  Lefiis  testiaiinariti, 
locally'  termed  Capa  de  le  galane. 

•Ghianderini  ;  i.  Fagioli  —  ,  a  variety  of  small 
beans.  \\.  a  ^kind  of  paste  for  soup. 

Ghiandifero;  acorn  bearing. 
_  Ghiandina  /.;   i.  dim.  Ghianda.     2.  core  of  a 
braid  button,  :'.  Alamaro. 

Ghiandoso  ;  fertile  in  acorns. 

Ghiand-ucciay:;  dim.  of  -a. 
•Ghiara/  (var.  of  Ghiaia);  shingle. 
•Ghiarabaldana  (Ghiabaldana)/;  trifle. 

Ghiar^to  m.  ;  bank  of  shingle. 

•Ghiarghione  m.;  chatterbox. 

*Ghiar-iccio;  =  Greto,  bank  of  gravel.  *-one; 
=  Ghiaione,  coarse  gravel.  *-otto  or  *-ottolo;  = 
Ghiaiottolo,  pebble. 

Ghiatt-ire  ind.  -isco  (bit.  glatire, 
prob.  of  imit.  origin)  ;  to  yelp. 

•Ghiaurro  m.  ;  =  Giaurro. 

•Ghiazarinp  (Ghiazzerino)  m.  (frot.  <  Span. 
jn-.srina,  meaning  Algerian,  <Arabic  G"azAir,  Al- 
giers) ;  coat  of  mail,  lit.  Algerian. 

•Ghiazzeruola/;  some  old  kind  of  ship. 

fGhiba/.;  =  Gorbia,  socket. 

Ghibellin-0;  the  name  of  the  Im- 
perial party  in  medieval  Italy  as  opposed 
to  the  Guelphs;  these  names  are  from 
Welf  and  Waiblingen,  two  families 
which  in  the  I2th  century  were  at  the 
head  of  two  rival  parties  in  the  German 
Empire. 

Aff.  -amente  or  -escamente,  -ismo. 

Ghichero  m.  ;  (hot.)  arum,  v.  Erba 


Ghtera  f.  (A)  (var.  of  Viera,  q.v.); 

1.  ferrule  of  a  walking-stick.     2.  locking 
ring  of  a  bayonet.     3.  iron  hoop  round 
the  head  of  a  pile.     4.  ring  on  the  stalk 
of  a  fungus.     5.  (mar.)  "  bush,"  a  short 
tube  or  thimble  fitted  as  a  lining  into 
a  tube  where  a  shaft  has  too  much  play. 
6.  (arch.)  =  Corpo  d'  un  arco  d'  uniforme 
altezza  in  tutto  il  suo  giro,  horizontal 
circle  in  a  building.   *mould  for  making 
cheese. 

*(B)  (O.H.G.  ger,  lance);  a  kind  of  dart. 
•Ghierabaldana;  ?/.  Ghiarabaldana. 

Ghterato;  provided  with  a  ring,  v.  Ghiera. 

Ghierla/;  =  Averla,  shrike. 
•Ghieva/:;  =  Ghiova,  sod. 

Gbiglia/;  in  //.,  (mil.)  braid  on  a 
uniform.  *guile. 

GMgliottin-a  / ;  guillotine.  The 
term  is  from  the  name  of  the  physician 
J.  J.  Guillotin  (1738—1814),  who  in  the 
French  Assembly  on  October  to,  1789, 
suggested  its  adoption.  It  was  made 
by  a  German  carpenter  named  Schmidt 
under  the  directions  of  Dr  Louis,  secre- 
tary of  the  Academy  of  Surgery  of 
Paris,  from  descriptions  given  by  Padre 
D.  Labat  in  a  book  printed  in  1730 
entitled  Voiage  en  Espagne,  and  first 
received  the  name  of  Louisotte,  but  this 
soon  gave  way  to  that  of  Guillotine. 
Aff.  -are. 

Ghign-ayC ;  i.  sinister-looking  face  ; 
Metier  su  — ,  to  assume  an  ugly  ex- 
pression. 2.  Aver  —  di...,  to  have  the 
impudence  to....  Aff.  -a.cc\a. pegg. 

Ghign-are ;  to  smile  sarcastically. 

Etym.  uiikn.  though  prob.  Germanic.  Korting 
discusses  the  word  at  some  length  together  with  the 
more  or  l«ss  similar  Provenc.  gitiiifuir,  old  Fr. 
wignier,  Fr. guigner,  Span.,f«iflrtr(which,  however, 
mean  to  peer  at),  but  reaches  no  definite  conclusion. 

Aff.  -ata,  -azzare  augm.,v.  Sghignazzare,  -ettino 
sub-dim,  -etto  dim.  of  -o, 

Gbigno  in. ;  sarcastic  laugh. 

Chime;  Turchino  — ,  a  kind  of  colour. 

Ghindare  (Fr.  guinder,  <  O.H.G. 
wiitdan,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wind  vb.) ; 
(mar.)  =  Issare,  to  sway  up,  to  hoist 
(the  yards). 

Gblndar^ssa  /  (Fr.  guinderesse)  \ 
halyard. 

tGhindazzo  m.  (Dutch  iviiuias,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Windlass);  (mar.)  —  della  borina  della  maestra,  or 
—  della  grande,  tricing-line  of  the  main-bowline. 

GMn^ayi  (E.);  I.  guinea,  so  named 
as  being  coined  out  of  gold  from  Guinea. 

2.  guinea  cloth,  the  kind  used  in  trading 
with  natives  of  the  Guinea  coast. 

tGhinghellare  (cogn.  Span,  ghinglar,  pra/>.< 
O.H.G.  vianfhilon,  to  totter);  =  Tentennare,  to 
shake. 

Gbingheri  (v.  Ghinghero);  In  — , 
smartly  dressed. 

•Ghinghero  m.  (It.  **agghtngare,  a  corr.  of 
agghindare  in  sense  of  abbigliare,  to  wear);=Fron- 
zolo,  gew-gaw. 

tGhinghilldzzo  m.  (v.  Ghinghellare);  a  kind  of 
swing,  v.  Altalena. 

GhJngolayl;  (bot.)  —  d'  acqua,  water  whorl- 
grass,  Catabrosa  aquatica,  also  termed  Gramigna 
di  padule. 

tGhiomel!ay:;  =  Giumella,  double  handful. 

•Ghiomo  m.  (L.  ^/<w«wf);  =  Gomitolo,  ball. 

tGhidnghelo  m.;  shrivelled  chestnut. 

*Ghiosa/;  =  Chiosa,  note. 


•Ghiecolo  m.;  (var.  of  Giaciglio)  cradle. 


GM6tta/;  dripping-pan. 


35 


274 


GHIOTTACCIO— GIAMBARDELLA 


Ghiott-accio  fegg.,  -amente  adv.,  -arello 
or  -erello  dim.,  -(no  dint,  iron.;  v.  *o. 

Ghidtto;  i.  greedy.  2.  by  ext., 
delicious.  *villain. 

Ely m.  Cogn.  Proven^,  glotz,  Fr.  flou/m,<L. 
glutus,  gullet,  root  gel,  to  swallow,  cf.  L.  gula, 
throat  (>E.  gullet),  Irish  gelim,  \  eat,  Irish  git 
and  Cornish  gel,  leech. 

Ghiotton-accio /<•»£••,  -ctllo  </««.;  z>.  -e. 

Ghiott6n-e ;  augm.  of  Ghiotto.  -erla 
or  Ghiottornia  /  ;  I.  gluttony.  2.  tit- 
bit. 

Ghiottume  m. ;  spreg.,  dainties. 

tGhiiva  (Chiova,  Ghieva)  /.   (L.  globui,  with 
change  of  gender);  clod  of  earth,  sod. 

Ghidizo  (Chiozzo)  m.  (A)  («>#«. 
Fr.  foujio>i,<L.  gobio=Gr.  tceo/Strir); 
gudgeon ;  also  sundry  other  small 
fishes. 

Varieties :  i.  miller's  thumb,  Coitus  gobio, 
locally  termed  Scazzone,  Marson,  Cavedon,  Ma- 
gnarone.  2.  —  cornune,  (rt)  gudgeon,  Gobius  Jluvi- 
titilis,  locally  termed  Bottola,  Bottola  bottasoi,  Boga, 
Magnaroni,  Lardel,  Goffo,  Bottina,  (b)  blue  goby, 
Gobius  nebitlosus,  locally  termed  Guatto  di  fango, 
Paganello  de  mar,  Gohou.  3.  —  minuto,  lump- 
sucker,  Gobius  tuinntus,  locally  termed  Marsion, 
Mazzuneddu.  4.  —  nero,  black  goby,  Gobins  niRer, 
locally  termed  Guatto,  Paganello  de  mar,  Go, 
Cobio,  Gobou  negre,  Urgiune  de  niuri.  5.  — 
paganello,  sea-gudgeon,  Gobius  pagti'icllus,  locally 
termed  Guatto  di  sasso,  Paganello  di  porto.  6.  Jig . 
silly  fellow. 

*(B);  -  Ghioccia.      i.    drop.      ii.    Jig.    a    mere 
nothing. 

Ghiribizz-0  m. ;  whim,  caprice.  AJf. 
-are,  -6so. 

Etyni.  Hiikn.  Possible  guesses  are  (i)  It.  giro 
+  bizza,  cp.  Ghirigoro,  (2)  O.  H.G.  crcbiz,  crab,  for 
which  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Crayfish ;  for  the  transition  of 
meaning  cp.  Grillo,  grasshopper  or  whim,  Granchio, 
crab  or  blunder. 

Gb.irig6ro  or  Girigdro  m.  (prob.  by 
reduplication  <  Ital.  giro);  I.  flourish 
in  writing.  2.  Camminnre  a  — ,  to 
walk  zigzag. 

Ghirlanda  /  (M.H.G.  **wierelent 
<ivieren,  to  adorn,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Garland);  i.  garland;  Morirecolla — , 
to  die  an  old  maid.  2.  the  constella- 
tion Corona.  3.  (mar.),  (a)  breast- 
hook  ;  di  coperta,  deck-hook  ; 
(//)  —  dell'  ancora,  anchor-ring  ;  +  (c)  = 
Fasciatura  della  cicala,  puddening. 

Ghirlandaio  in.;  wreath-seller. 
Ghirland-etta    or    -fna    dint,   vezz.,   -uccia 
dim.  spreg. ;   r1.   -:t. 

"Ghiriingb  m.\  —  Strillozzo,  ortolan. 

GhJro  m.  (L, fits,  flirts);  dormouse, 
l\[yoxus  avcllanarius. 

Ghir6nda,  Gir6nda/  (It.  girare) ; 
hurdy-gurdy,  stringed  instrument  played 
by  turning  a  wheel  in  contact  with  the 
strings. 

tGhir6ne  w/.;  =  Gherone. 
*Ghirumetta;  v.  Girumetta. 
Ghis,  Ghisso  m.;  (»«ir.)=Randa,  trysail. 

Ghisa  /  (Germ.  Cuss,  <giessett,  to 
pour,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Gut,  Gush) ;  i.  pig- 
iron.  2.  —  bianca  cavernosa,  porous 
pig-iron.  3.  —  a  fieri,  white  pig-iron 
with  semi-granular  texture.  4.  —  marez- 
zata,  picchiettata.w  tigrata,  mottled  pig- 
iron. 

Ghisso ;  v.  Ghis. 

*  Ghizzare ;  i.  =  Bramare.    ii.  =  Guizzare. 
*Ghizzo;  i.  =  Bigotto.     ii.  =  Scrupoloso. 
*Gi ;  went,  T'.  Gire. 

Gi&  (cogn.  Span,  ya,  <  L.  jam  ;  cp. 
Fr.  dfya,<.de  +  ex+jam);  i.  already. 


2.  formerly.  3.  with  the  force  of  an 
tnfj.  :  II  —  ministro,  the  statesman  who 
was  formerly  a  minister.  4.  indeed,  to 
be  sure.  5.  in  answering  a  question, 
yes,  certainly. 

tGiaba./;  A  —  =A  iosa,  in  abundance. 

Giacca  /  (Fr.  jacque,  v.  Giacco)  ; 
jacket. 

Giacchc  or  Gik  che;  since,  inas- 
much as. 

Giacchera/  ;  =  Natta,  trick,  prank. 

Giaccherfa/  ;  Jacquerie,  rising  such 
as  that  of  the  French  peasantry  in  1358. 

Giacch&tt-a  /  (Fr.  jaqitette,  v. 
Giaco);  jacket. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -fna  or  -mo  dim.,  -o  lady's 
jacketj  -one  loose  jacket. 

Giacchiata/1;  cast  with  a  casting-net. 

Giacchio,  Gaccio  m.  (L.  jafuliuii, 
<.jaclre,  to  throw,  v.  Gettare)  ;  cast- 
ing-net. 

Giaccio  m.  (A)  ;  (mar.)  tiller. 

*(B);  =  Ghiaccio,   ice.     *(C);    i.    sheepfold,   v. 
Diaccio  (B).     ii.    lair  of  a  -stag. 
*Giaccioni  udv.;  lying  down. 
tGiacco  w/.;  =  Giaco. 
Giacca  f.\  (bot.)=  Perpetuini,  everlastings. 


;  of  capital,  lying  idle. 

Giac^re  ind.  giaccio  giaci  giace 
giacciamo  or  giaciamo  giacete  giac- 
ciono  or  giaciono,  perf.  giacqui  giac^sti 
giacque  giacdmmo  giacdste  giacquero, 
parts,  giacente  giaciuto  (L.  jacfre,  a 
neuter  verb  corresponding  to  jacfre,  for 
which  v.  Gettare);  i.  to  lie,  to  rest. 

2.  (Lettera)  giacente,  lying  in  the  post- 
office.   3.  (Uenaro)  giacente,  uninvested. 
4.    Oui  giace  Nocco,  the  crux  of  the 
matter  lies  here,  there  is  the  rub.     5.  of 
a  law,  to  be  a  dead  letter. 

*Giachito;  —  Gecchilo,  v.  Gecchir. 

Giaciglio  m.  ;  couch,  rough  bed. 

Giacime"nto  m.  ;  (min.)  stratum. 
*i.  lying  down.  ii.  fig.  oblivion. 

Giaci  ntino  or  Giacinto  m.  ;  hyacinth,  a  red 
variety  of  zircon,  v.  Zirconio. 

Giacinto  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  iativSos, 
which,  however,  was  our  Delphinium)  ; 
i.  (hot.),  (a)  —  de'  giardini,  or  orientale, 
Hyacinthus  orienlalis,  (b)  —  doppio  de' 
fioristi,  double  hyacinth,  a  variety  of  («), 
also  termed  Bretagna,  Granbretagne, 
(c)  —  muscliiato,  musk  hyacinth,  Mus- 
cari  muscalnm,  also  termed  Muschini 
greci,  Moscardini,  (d)  —  da  pennacchio, 
grape  hyacinth,  Muscari  comositm,  also 
termed  —  de'  serpi,  —  delle  vigne,  or 
Cipollaccio  de'  campi  —  ,  (e)  —  sal- 
vatico,  blue-bell  or  wild  hyacinth, 
Hyarinthtts  nan  scriptus  of  Linnaeus 
or  Agraphis  nutans  of  modern  botany, 
(f)  —  turchino,  single  blue  hyacinth, 
v.  Fiore  16  (xli).  2.  i.q.  Giacintino. 

*=Lana  violetta,  purple-dyed  wool. 

Giaciturayi;  vbsb.  Giacere.  I.  pos- 
ture. 2.  (mar.)  bearing,  position. 

3.  position  of  the  accent. 

Giaciuto;  part.  Giacere. 

Giaco  m.   (Fr.  jayue,  v.  infra  sub 
Gile,  and  Skeat,  sub  Jack)  ;  coat  of  mail. 
Giacdbbe  ;  Jacob. 


Giacob-inata ;  act  of  a  Jacobin,  -inerfa  or 
-inismo;  ?>.  -ino. 

Giacobino ;  Jacobin,  extreme  revolutionary, 
orig.  one  of  the  Jacobin  club,  so  named  from  their 
first  meeting  in  the  hall  of  the  Jacobin  friars,  friars 
of  the  Order  of  St  Dominic,  in  Paris,  October,  1789. 

Giacobita  m. ;  i.  follower  of  Jacobus,  bishop 
of  Edessa  (6th  century),  who  held  the  monophysite 
view  that  Christ  had  but  one  composite  nature,  the 
orthodox  doctrine  being  that  he  united  two  complete 
natures  in  one  person,  2.  Jacobite  (in  English 
politics). 

Giacome'tta/;;  the  wife  of  Gianduia,  q.v, 

Giacomo;   i.  James.     2.  synon.  for 

Minchione,   dolt.      3.     Far   le    gambe 

— ,  to  tremble  from  fear  or  fatigue. 

Giacon^tta/  (Fr.  jaconas,  of  uiikii. 
origin) ;  jaconet,  a  cotton  fabric  rather 
stouter  than  muslin. 

Giaculat6ri-a/ (L.) ;  i.  ejaculatory 
prayer.  2.  (iron.)  curse.  Aff.  -o. 

Giado  m. ;  jade. 

Etytit.  The  jade  brought  from  America  by  the 
Spaniards  was  called  fiiedra  de  ijada,  because  it  was 
believed  to  cure  pain  in  the  side  ;  for  a  similar  reason 
it  was  called  nephritis  (<Gr.  rt(£pos,  kidney),  fj'aiia 
or  I  jar  is  Spanish  for  flank,  cf>.  Portug.  ilhal,  ithtirga, 
the  Hank,  side,<L.  ilia  pi.,  the  flanks  (Skeat). 

•Giafosse-che  or  -cosache;  =  Quantunque,  al- 
though. 

tGiaga y^;  =  Rondtne  di  mare,  tern. 

Giaggiblo.  Ghiaggiuolo  ///.  (L. 
gladiolus] ;  (bot.)  Florentine  iris,  v. 
Fiore  16  (xliii). 

Giaguaro  m.  (native  name,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.) ;  jaguar,  Felt's  onca, 

*Giaietto  «/.;  jet  (the  mineral). 

Elym.  Old  fr.jayet,  cp.  Walloon  gaiete,<\J. 
gagates,  <  Gr.  yayanjv,  jet,  so  called  from  Fayai,  a 
town  in  Lycia,  v.  Ge. 

*Gialappa  ^;=Scialappa,  jalap. 

*Gialda  f.  (a  back  formation  <  Gialdoniere) ; 
javelin,  lance. 

*  Gialdo  ;  =  Giallo,  yellow. 
•Gialdone  /«.;=Baco  da  seta  invacchito. 

*  Gialdoniere  m.  (Proven^,  geidon,  lancer,  lit. 
trooper,  <.eelda,~  Ital.  geldra,  troop);  lancer. 

tGialdranay.;  =  Donna  sciatta,  sconcia. 

Giallaccio  ;  pfgg.  dirty  yellow. 
*Giallad-ia  or  *-mayl;  —  Gelattna. 

Giallamina  (Gelamina,  zelamina),/?;  calamine, 
an  ore  consisting  essentially  of  carbonate  of  zinc ; 
the  Ital.  name  is  from  its  yellowish  colour,  v.  Cala- 
mina. 

Giall-astro  yellowish,  -eggiare  ind.  -e^ggio 
to  be  rather  yellow,  -ettino  sub^iim.  of  -o,  -£tto 
i.  dim.  light  yellow,t  2._—  Zigolp  giallo,  yellow- 
hammer,  -czza  sb.,  -iccio  or  -igno,  i.q,  .astro, 
-ino  j.  dint.  vezz.  of  -o,  2.  —  Canapino  maggiore, 
sedge- warbler. 

Giall-o  (O.H.G.  gelo,  cp.  A.S.  geolo 
>  E.  yellow ;  root  gftel,  to  shine,  cp. 
L.  gilbus,  heh'iis,  light  yellow,  Gr. 
^Xoor,  x\wpiis,  pale  green,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Yellow,  Gold) ;  I.  yellow ;  —  di 
terra,  yellow  ochre.  2.  Vino  che  ha  i 
pie  -i,  wine  that  is  beginning  to  spoil, 
to  change  colour.  3.  Farina  -a,  maize 
meal.  4.  —  santo,  a  yellow  prepared 
from  buckthorn  berries.  5.  scherz.  for 
gold.  6.  Legno  — ,  {hot.)  dyers'  fustick 
wood,  Madura  tinctoria.  7.  Legno  — 
di  America,  N.  American  yellow  wood, 
Virgilia  In  tea. 

Giall-ogno  or  -6gnolo;  yellowish. 
Giallollno  in.  •  Naples  yellow  (anti- 
moniate  of  lead). 

Giallon-accio;  spreg.  uf-e. 

Giallone;  i.  augm.  Giallo.  2.  asj*.,  =  Rigo- 
golo,  golden  oriole. 

Giallosanto  ;».;  -•.  Giallo  (4). 

Giall-uccio  ;  dint,  of -o.    -ume  in.',  yellowness. 

Gialluria  f. ;  yellow  dust  in  the  middle  of  a 
flowerj  esf>.  in  a  rose. 

tGiambardella  ;  A  — ,  =  Ciondoloni,  draggling. 


GIAMBARE— GILE 


275 


*Giambare;=Burlare,  to  lampoon. 

Giambattista ;  shurt  for  Giovanni  Batista  as  a 
man's  name  (not  applied  to  St  John). 

*Giambeggiare;  =  Canzonare,  to  mock. 

Giambelego  m.  ;  =  Elegiambo. 

Giamberlucco  m. ;  v.  Zamberlucco. 

Giamb-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.  idfi/Hos) ;  iam- 
bic. Dare  il  —  a  uno,  to  mock  him. 
Volere  il  —  di  qualcuno,  to  try  to  mock 
him.  Aff.  -ico  adj. 

Giammai:  never. 
Giammaica  m. ;  Jamaica  rum. 

•Giammengola  /;=  Bagattella,  trifle. 
*Gianday^;  =  Ghianda,  acorn. 


Giandarme  ni.\  pop.  for  Gendarme. 

Gianduia  ;  the  Piedmontese  "  mask,"  v.  Ma- 
schera. 

Gianduiotto  m. ;  a  Gianduia  made  in  chocolate. 
tGianello  m. ;  angler  fish,  v.  Lofio. 
*  Gianetto  w.;  =  Ginnetto,  Spanish  jennet. 

Gianfrull6ne  m. ;  clumsy  awkward 
person. 

Giangia/^;  pop.  name  for  an  aban- 
doned woman,  t  =  Gengiva,  gum. 

*GiannayI,  or  —  piccola;  =  Airone  minore, 
lesser  heron. 

Gianne'tta  /  (A) ;  cane  (walking- 
stick),  originally  a  weapon,  see  below. 

Etym.  Span,  girteta,  a  sort  of  short  lance  and 
battle-axe  combined,  with  which  the  Zeneta,  a  native 
tribe  in  Barbary  and  afterwards  the  cavaliers  of 
Spain,  were  armed,  taking  therefrom  the  name  of 
Giannettieri. 

(B)  (fogn.  Span,  gineta,  Fr.  renette,  <  the 
Arabic  name  of  the  animal  gertieif)\  skin  of  a  genet, 
a  carnivorous  animal  allied  to  the  civet  with  gray 
fur. 

Giannettata/!;  blow  with  a  cane. 

Giannett-iere  m.;  v.  -a,  etym.     -ina  dim.  -a. 

Giannetto  m. ;  a  school  reading-book  by  Para- 
vicini. 

*i.  =  Ginnetto,  jennet.  ii.  =  Giannetta  (B). 
tiii.  hammer-headed  shark,  v.  Sfirna. 

Giannett-6ne  m. ;  angm.  of -a  (A). 

Gianni;  i.  short  for  Giovanni. 
2.  dolt.  3.  Mamma,  —  (er  Cecco) 
mi  tocca,  a  make-believe  of  being 
pushed  to  do  what  we  are  wishing 
to  do.  4.  Baco  — ,  grub  in  apples. 
5.  Carlo  — ,  person  who  is  too  good- 
natured  and  ready  to  do  a  kindness  to 
one  who  will  abuse  it. 

tGiannino  w.;=  Baco  gianni,  v.  Gianni  (4). 

Giannizzero  m.  (Turkish  jefli-tceri,  <jefHt 
new,  tceri,  soldier);  janissary,  one  of  the  Sultan's 
bodyguard. 

*Giannizzo  m. ;  =  Giannizzero. 

Giano  m. ;  i.  Janus,  the  god.  2.  covered 
gallery. 

Giansen-ismo  m. ;  Jansenism.  Aff.  -ista, 
-isticamente,  -istico. 

£&  Jansen  was  Roman  Catholic  bishop  of 
Ypres,  seventeenth  century,  and  deduced  from 
Augustine  a  doctrine  which  was  essentially  a  re- 
action against  the  ordinary  Catholic  dogma  of  the 
freedom  of  the  will  and  that  of  merely  sufficient 
grace,  maintaining  that  interior  grace  is  irresistible 
and  that  Christ  died  for  all. 

Giapetico;  Japhetic,  European. 

Giapp6n-e ;  Japan.    -6se  adj. 

Giara/  (A)  (Arabic  djara)  •  I.  drink- 
ing-cup  with  two  handles  and  no  foot. 
2.  as  an  oil  measure,  the  eighth  part  of 
a  Cantaro.  *(B)  =  Ghiara,  shingle. 

Giarda  /  (Arabic  dgiaradh}; 
I.  spavin  in  horses.  2.  Far  la  — , 
=  Far  la  burla,  to  mock  at. 

Giardinaggio  m. ;  art  of  gardening. 

Giardin6tt-o  m. ;  \.  dim.  vezz. 
Giardino.  2.  at  a  restaurant,  =  Frutta, 
dish  of  fruit  after  dinner.  3.  Neapolitan 
ice  (made  in  different  colours).  4.  — per 


i  bambini  morti,  bier  for  carrying  a 
child's  body  to  the  grave.  5.  (mar.}  in 
pL,  (a}  quarter-gallery,  (b)  i.q.  Finti  di 
poppa,  quarter-badges,  (c)  sponsons, 
wings  of  the  paddle-boxes,  also  termed 
Gallerie,  Alette  dei  tamburi.  6.  Al 
giardinetto  di  sinistra,  di  dritta,  on  the 
port,  starboard  quarter.  Aff.  -mo  dim, 

Giardini&r-a/ ;  i./of-e.  2.  flower- 
stand.  3.  wicker  basket  for  gathering 
olives.  4.  a  kind  of  round  basket- 
carriage.  *necklace. 

Giardinidre  m.  ;  i.  gardener. 
2.  nurseryman. 

Giardfn-o  m.  (O.H.G.  garlin,  geni- 
tive of  garto)  enclosure,  "root  gard= 
hart,  to  surround,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Garden, 
Gird,  Yard);  garden. 

*J.  tree  full  of  fruit,  ii,  =  Cesso,  privy,  iii.  a 
place  of  ill-fame  in  Florence. 

Aff.  -one  angm.,  -uccio  dim.  sfireg. 

Giarddne  m. ;  augm.  Giarda,  spavin. 
Giardtta/;  dim.  Giara. 

*Giarghione  w.;  =  Ciarlone,  chatterer. 

Giarg6ne  (A)  (cogn.  Span,  asarcon, 
Portug.  zarcdo,  <  Syriac  sirqftn,  <  Per- 
sian ^svrr-^tt^z,  flame-coloured,  <  Persian 
zar  gold,  gun  colour);  i.  golden,  in 
colour.  2.  as  sb^  yellow  diamond. 
(B);  =  Gergo,  slang. 

Giaro  m.\  v.  Gichero. 
*Giarra/:;  =  Giara,  jar. 

Giarrettiera  (Giartiera)  f,  ;  Garter  (of  E. 
heraldry). 

'Giaspide  w. ;— Diaspro,  jasper. 
*Giassiaciocche    or    *Giassiacosache ;    al- 
though. 

*Giatagano  w.;  =  Iatagano,  yataghan. 

Giaurro  m.  (Turkish  jawr,  <  Arabic 
kdfir,  infidel);  infidel,  in  Mahometan 
sense. 

tGiaurru  m.\  stormy  petrel,  v.  Procellaria. 
*Giava_/;  (ftym,  unkn.)\  (mar.)  store-room  in  a 
ship. 

Giava;  i.  (war.)  Yo-heave-ho  !  2.  Bravo! 
3'  (.ffeogT')  Java. 

Giavardo  m.;  (?«•/.)  =  Chiovavdo,  boil. 
*Giavazzo  m.  {par.  of  Giaietto);  jet. 

Giavelllna  f. ;  javelin  thrown  by  a 
machine. 

Giavellbtto  m.  (Fr.  javelot,  <  old 
Fr.  gavelot)  cp.  low  Breton  gavlod  \ 
origin  either  Teutonic  or  Celtic,  V. 
Skeat,  sub  Javelin,  Gaff,  Gable) ; 
javelin. 

*GiaverinayC;  i.q.  Giavcllina. 
Giavone  m.\  (^A)-Panicastrella,  panic  grass. 

tGibba./:;=Gibbpsita. 

*Gibbo  m.\  \.  =Gibbosita,  hump,  D.  Par.  21. 109. 
ii.  =Scrigno. 

Gibb6ne  m.\  gibbon  monkey,  Hylobatcs  lar. 
The  term  was  introduced  into  zoology  by  BurTon, 
who  had  it  from  Dupleix,  but  it  was  probably 
invented  by  the  English  in  India  (?'.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
supplement,  p.  778). 

Gibb6s-o  (L.  gibbus,  hunch)  ; 
i .  humped.  2.  as  sb.,  scherz.  for 
Gobbo,  hunchback.  Aff.  -ita. 

Gib^rna  /;  (mil.)  \.  cartridge- 
holder.  2.  (Capitano)  venuto  dalla  — , 
i.e.  risen  from  the  ranks. 

Etym.  L.  zaberna^  chest;  the  word  occurs  in 
a  decree  of  Diocletian  and  is  explained  by  Dn  Cange 
as  =  area.  Zaberna  is  attributable  to  a  German 
pronunciation  of  L.  taberna  (cp.  O.H.G.  zabtil, 
dice-play,  <L.  tabula).  Taberna  is  for  **traberna 
and  meant  at  first  a  shed  or  hut  made  of  boards 
(<L.  trabs,  beam),  and  may  very  well  have  been 
used  for  a  wooden  box  or  area. 


Gibetto  m.  (Fr.  gibet^  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)\ 
gibbet. 

fGibigiana./:;  flash  reflected  from  a  glass.     Far 
la  —  ,  to  flash  back  light. 

Gibiltdrra/;  Gibraltar. 

Gibus  m.  ;  opera  hat,  from  the  name 
of  its  inventor. 

Gichero,  Gicaro  (Ghfghero,  Giaro, 
Gigero)  m.\  (hot.)  lords-and-ladies,  z/. 
Erba  (118,  .c). 

Etym.  The  old  form  of  the  word  was  Giaro, 
for  laro,  <  L.  arum,  the  g  being  introduced  as 
making  the  word  easier  to  say. 

Gicherbso;    i.  (ground)  full  of  arums.     2.   of 
any  kind  of  plant,  exuberant  in  growth. 
*  Gierbellino  m.  ;  =  Zibellino,  sable. 
*Gie-rofante,  -roglifico;  v.  Ge-. 


Giga/  (M.H. 
fiddle)  ;  I.  fiddle. 
dance. 


.^-/^,  >  Germ.  Geige, 
2.  jig,  lively  tune  or 


Gigant-e  m.  (L.,<Gr.  yi-yas);  giant.  Aff. 
-accio /(?££-.,  -eggiare  v/'.,  -escamente,  -esco,  -essa/., 
-one  angm. 

Gighe  ;«.;  (w«r.)=Mantasenale. 

Gigher  ;;/. ;  (w/*r.)  =  Gigo,  jigger. 

Giglia ;  v.  Gilia. 

Gigliaceo ;  (hot.}  liliaceous. 

Gigliarello  in.;  (&>/.)=  Pancacciolo,  gladiulus. 

Gigliastru  m.;  ((W.)  =  Riccio  di  dama,  Ch.ilce- 
donian  lily. 

Gigliat-0;  i.  stamped  with  a  lily. 
2.  Son  danari,  or  quattrini  -i,  it  is  safe 
money;  Prestategli  pure  codesta  somma, 
son  danari  -i,  well,  lend  him  that  much, 
it  is  quite  safe.  3.  as  s6.,  coin  so 
stamped. 

Giglieto  m. ;  bed  of  lilies. 

Gigltetto  m. ;  dim.  Giglio.  ta  kind 
of  lace. 


Giglio  m.  (L. 
cp.  old  Persian  lal$h,  Russian  lileja)  ; 
i.  (bot.)  lily;  Cittk  del  —  ,  Florence; 
Giocare  a  —  e  santi,  to  play  heads  and 
tails. 

Varieties  of  lily  :  2.  —  d'  acqua  bianco,  white 
water-lily,  Nymfihaea  alba,  also  termed  Carfano 
femmina,  Ninfea  bianca,  Regina  de'  laghi.  3.  — 
d*  acqua  cinese,  Indian  sacred  lotus,  v.  Ninfea. 

4.  —   d'  acqua   giatlo,   yellow    water-lily,    Nitfkar 
fittftt,  also  termed  Carfano  maschio,  Ninfea  gialla. 

5.  —    alessandrino,    Arabian    star    of    Bethlehem, 
Ornithogallum  Arabicjitii.     6.    —  basilico,  spotted 
orchis,  v.   Concordia  (3).      7.    —  bianco,  or  di   S. 
Antonio,    white    lily,    Lilium    candidum.      8.     — 
bulbifero,    bulb-bearing    lily,    Lilium    bulbifcrum. 

9.  —    calcedonico,    Chalcedonian    lily,    v.    Riccio. 

10.  —  delle  convalli,  lily  of  the  valley,  Convallaria 
majalis,    also    termed    Mughetto,    Lagrime    della 
Madonna,      it.    —   dell'  Egitto,    Egyptian   lily,   ?/. 
Dragontea.     12.  —  dorato,  day  lily,  v.  Emerocalle. 

13.  —  gigante  dell'  Australia,  Doryanthes  excelsa. 

14.  —    degli    Inca,    St    Martin's    flower,    v.    Fiore 
(16,  xliv).     15.    —  militare,  soldiers'  flower,  Orchis 
mititaris,     16.  —  regio,  crown  imperial,  v.  Corona 
(15)      17.  —  di  S.  Antonio,  v.  supra  (7).     18.   —  di 
S.  l>runonetSt  V>\\\\\f)f,\\\^^Phalanginmliliastrum. 
19.   —  paonazzo,  or  di  S.  Caterina,  Florentine  iris, 
v.    Fiore    (16,    xliii).      20.     —    tigrato    della    Cina, 
Chinese    blackberry.  lily,    Ixia    thinensis.       21.     — 
tigrato  cinese,  Chinese  leopard-flower,  Pardanthns 
chinensis. 

*Giglione  m.\  handle,  strictly  a  spindle-shaped 
piece,  like  a  lily  leaf,  finishing  the  handle  of  the 
sweep  of  a  galley,  v.  Vogavanli. 

*Gigliuzzo  m.  (dim.  Giglio);  (arch.)  capital. 

*  Gignore  m.  (\-..  junior,  cp.  Signore)  ;  apprentice. 

tGigo  or  Gigher  ;//.;  (inar.)  jigger,  tackle  for 
handling  the  anchor. 

Gigbtto  ;//.  (Fr.  gigot,  from  fancied 
resemblance  to  a  fiddle,  ?/.  Giga)  ; 
i.  leg  of  mutton.  2.  a  ham. 

*GUbo  (L.  gilbus,  v.  Giallo)  ;  pale  chestnut 
(h6he). 

Gilda  ;  Acqun  —  ,  a  kind  of  scent. 

Gile  ///.;  waistcoat.  *a  card  game  resembling 
the  modern  Bazztca,  also  termed  Giule. 

Etym.     Fr.  ;  the  name  Gille  \?><Aegidii4st  and 

35—2 


276 


GILEMME— G1OGIOLARSI 


came  to  be  applied — it  is  not  known  why — to  the 
clown  of  a  theatre.  Gilet  was  originally  a  sleeveless 
waistcoat  worn  by  clowns  on  the  stage.  A  similar 
transference  accounts  for  Giaco,<Fr.  jag»et  which 
took  its  name  from  the  clothing  of  the  Jaques  or 
revolted  peasants  of  the  fourteenth  century. 
*Gilemme  ;  =  Giulebbe. 

Gilia;  Terra  — =Argilla,  clay. 

Gtlico  ?«.;  (bot.)  friar's  cowl,  Arutn  arisaruni. 

Gime  in.  (Hindostani  gima,  which  however  is 
a  different  plant) ;  garden  jessamine,  Jtisttiiniiii! 
smnbac. 

Gimn6to  in. ;  electric  eel,  Gyninotus. 

Gin  m.  ;  =  E.  gin,  the  spirit. 

*Gina  /;  i.=Agina,  vigour.     tii.=Gran  voglia, 
strong  desire. 

Gineceo  ;;/.  (Or.) ;  I.  women's  apartments 
(among  the  Greeks  and  Romans),  z.  (bot.)  pistil. 

Gmecdmio  ;;/.  (Gr.);  hospital  for  women. 

Gin^prayC ;  juniper  berry. 

Qinepraio  m. ;  i.  juniper  thicket. 
2.  Jig.  intricate  and  thorny  situation. 

Gine'pro  m.  (L.  juniperus,  prob.  for 
**joini-parus,  where  joint  is  akin  to 
jun-cus,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is 
reed-bearing,  or  perhaps  rather  prickle- 
bearing,  v.  Giunco);  (bot.)  i.  —  co- 
mune,  common  juniper,  Juniperus  com- 
•inuiiis.  2.  -  rosso,  brown-berried 
juniper,  Juniperus  oxycedrus,  also 
termed  Appezzi.  3.  -  -  di  Spagna, 
Spanish  juniper,  Juniperus  ihnrifera. 
4-  Sin- 

Ginerio  7W. ;  (bot.)  pampas  grass,  Gyneriinn. 
Ginestadayl;  a  disease  in  sheep,  attributed  to 
feeding  on  juniper. 

Ginestra/,  (Ginestro  m.)  (L.  gen- 
ista); l,  --da  fiori  bianchi,  white 
broom,  Genista  monospertna.  2.  —  da 
granate,  or  da  scopa,  common  broom, 
Spartium  scpparium,  also  termed  Scor- 
nabecco,  Ruggiolo,  Amaracciolo.  3.  — 
di  Germania,  German  broom,  Genista 
Germanica,  also  termed  Bulimacola  de' 
boschi.  4.  -  -  di  Spagna,  Spanish 
broom,  Genista  Hispanica.  5.  --  di 
Spagna  odorosa,  fragrant  Spanish 
broom,  Genista  juncea.  6.  —  dei  tintori, 
dyers'  weed,  v.  Ginestrella  (i). 

*Ginestraggine_/C;  =  Ginestrella,  dyers'  weed. 

Ginestrella^;  (bot.)  i.  dyers'  weed,  Genista 
tinclorin,  also  termed  Ginestruola  (or  Ginestra) 
de'  tintori,  Baccellina.  2.  poets'  cassia,  Osyris, 
also  termed  Osiride,  Cassia  de'  poeti. 

*Ginestret-a  /.,  *-o  m. ;  =  Ginepraio,  thorny 
place. 

Ginestrina  /.;  (tot.)  i.  =  Ginestrella,  dyers' 
weed.  2.  =Trifoglio  giallo,  bird's-foot  trefoil. 

Ginestrino;  (cloth)  dyed  green,  v. 
Ginestra  (6). 

Ginestr6ne  m. ;  (bot.)  —  di  Olanda, 
gorse,  Ulex  Europaeus,  also  termed 
Spaltrone,  Maggio  spinoso,  Nepa. 

Ginestruola  f. ;  (bot.)  —  de'  tintori,  i.q. 
Ginestrella. 

Ginestruzza/i;  i.q.  Ginestruola. 
Ginetto  nt.  ;  =  Ginnetto,  jennet. 

Gine'vra  f. ;  i.  Geneva.  2.  Guine- 
vere, the  wife  of  King  Arthur. 

Ginevrlno;  of  Geneva.  II  — , 
Rousseau. 

*Ginevro  «/.;  =  Ginepro,  juniper. 
*Ginghia/:;  =  Cinghia,  strap. 
*Gingia  y".;  =  Gengiva. 

Gingillare  ;  to  trifle  time  away. 

*  to  be  disloyal,  insincere. 

Gingill-ino  m.;  i.  trifler,  v.  -are. 
2.  toady. 

t  Avere  11  —  rosso,  to  be  a  favoured  person. 

Gingillo  m.  (L.  cingillum,  dim.  of 


cingulum,  girdle,  cp.  Cinciglio) ;  i.  toy. 
2.  nicknack.  3.  =  Grimaldelletto,  small 
lock-picker's  tool,  or  by  e.rt.  handy  little 
implement  for  any  purpose. 

Gingill6n-e  «/.,  -a  / ;  dawdler,  ?'. 
Gingillare. 

*  disloyal  person,  working  for  unavowed  aims. 

tGingioli  ;«.  pi. ;  =  Gingilli,  nicknacks. 

tGingioliera  f.\  red  strings  tied  round  the 
necks  of  cattle  as  a  charm  against  witchcraft. 

tGingiolino  w.;  =  tGingillino,  ribbon  of  favour. 
Gingiva/^;  =  Gengiva,  gum. 
Ginglimo   nt.   (L.,  <  Gr.   ytyY\vp.os) ;    (anat.) 
joint  permitting  flexion  and  extension  in  one  plane, 
as  at  the  elbow  (though  the  Gr.  word  meant  a  ball- 
and-socket  joint). 

Ginnasi-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  i.  (hist.) 
ancient  gymnasium.  2.  classical  school ; 
the  modern  Italian  Ginnasio  is  prepara- 
tory to  the  Liceo,  which  latter  corre- 
sponds to  the  four  upper  classes  of  a 
modern  German  Gymnasium. 

Aft.  -ale  adj.,  -uccio  of  -ucolo  dim.  sf-ieg. 

Ginnastic-a_/;  gymnastics.     Aj(f.  -o. 

Ginnesie;  Isole — ,  the  Balearic  islands. 

Ginnetto  (Ginetto,  Giannetto)  m.  (Span,  gi- 
nette,  <  Arabic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  we.);  jennet,  small 
horse. 

Ginni-co  ;  Ludi  -chi,  athletic  sports. 

Ginnosofista  in. ;  name  given  by  the  Greeks 
to  those  ancient  Hindoo  philosophers  who  wore 
little  or  no  clothing  and  lived  a  lonely  life  of  con- 
templation. 

Ginnoto    m.    (Gr.    yvpvos,    viaros)  ; 

1.  electric    eel,   Gymnotus.      2.    (mar.) 
submarine  mine. 

Ginnurayl  (( ir.) ;  the  bristly  shrew  of  Sumatra, 
Gyittnura. 

*Ginocchiaia  f.  ;  =  Spronaia,  sore  place  pro- 
duced by  spurs. 

*Ginocchiare ;  i.  to  embrace  the  knees  as  a 
suppliant,  ii.  intr.  =  Iiti;inocchiarsi,  to  go  down  on 
one's  knees. 

Ginocchiata  /;  blow  with,  or  on 
the  knee. 

Ginoccbiello  m. ;  i.  pig's  leg  below 
the  knee,  as  a  butcher's  joint.  2.  knee- 
cap for  a  horse.  3.  broken  knee  in  a 
horse.  4.  bulge  in  the  knee  of  trousers. 
5.  knee-piece  in  armour. 

Ginocchietto  >n. ;  (bot.)  i.  knot,  in  grass  stems. 

2.  =Sigillodi  Salomone,  Solomon's  s< -.il. 

Ginocchf.no  in.  ;  dim.  -vezz.  Ginoc- 
chio.  Fare  a  — ,  to  knock  knees  together 
under  the  table. 

Gindcchio  »/.,  with  pi.  Ginocchi  m. 
or  Ginocchia  /  (** 'genuculuin,  for  L. 
geniculum,  dim.  of  genu,  akin  to  Gr. 
yaw,  Gothic  kniu,  A.S.  cneo, >E.  knee) ; 
i.  knee  ;  Far  venire  il  latte  alle  — ,  i.e. 
to  be  very  tiresome.  2.  (mar.)  second 
futtock  ;  —  flesso,  second  futtock  of  the 
crotches. 

Ginocchi6ni ;  In — ,  kneeling. 

Ginseng  or  Ginzang  in. ;  the  root  of  Panax 
ginseng,  much  used  in  Chinese  medicine. 

G;6  !  or  Gid  la  !  ;  gee  up  ! 
*  Gio' ;  apocope  for  Gioco  or  Gioia. 

Gi6ane ;  £o/>.  for  Giovane,  young. 

Gioanniti  ni.pl.;  i.  adherents  of  StChrysostom. 
z.  a  sect  baptising  in  the  name  of  St  John  the  Bap- 
tist. 

Gi6bbe ;  Job,  the  patriarch. 
*Giobbia  7«.;  =  Giovedi,  Thursday. 

Gioc-acchiare  ;  v.  -ucchiare.   -accioi/^f.  -o. 

Gioc-are  ind.  gioco;  I.  to  play,  esp. 
for  money.  2.  to  stake.  3.  to  joke. 
4.  -arsi  una  cosa,  to  put  it  to  hazard; 
-arsi  una  persona,  to  lead  him  by  the 
nose,  do  as  we  please  with  him.  5.  — 
di,  to  make  play,  e.g.  with  a  stick,  to 


use  it ;  —  di  schiena,  of  an  animal,  to 
kick ;  -  -  d'  ingegno,  to  be  a  clever 
player ;  —  di  maestria,  to  be  a  masterly 
player ;  —  di  mano,  (a)  to  play  skil- 
fully, (b)  scherz.  to  cheat ;  —  di  spada, 
to  know  how  to  handle  a  sword ; 
-  d'  autorita,  to  act  by  authority ; 
—  d'  una  cosa,  to  make  fun  of  a  thing. 

6.  —  sul  sicuro,  to  play  with  a  certainty 
of  winning.     7.    Far  — ,  to  bring  into 
play,  employ. 

Giocat-a  / ;  i.  game.  2.  stake. 
3.  coming  into  play. 

Ajjt~.  -accia pegg. ,  -ma  dim.  vezz.,  -one  augtn. 

Giocat6r-e  in. ;  i.  player.  2.  gam- 
bler. 

Ajj.  -a  or  Giocatrice  f.,  -accio  Pegg-,  -<5ne 
aug)n*t  -uccio  spreg. 

Giocattolo  m. ;  toy. 

Giocherellare ;  to  play  a  little,  for 
small  stakes. 

Giochett-ino  sub-dim,,  -o  dim.,  of 
Gioco. 

Giochicchiare ;  v.  Giocucchiare. 

Gi6co,  or  Giubco  m.  (L.  jocus,> 
E.  joke);  I.  play,  game.  2.  at  certain 
games,  esp.  ball  games,  the  ground 
where  the  game  is  being  played. 
3.  —  di  mano,  sleight  of  hand.  4.  - 
di  parole,  play  upon  words,  pun. 
5.  Giochi  d'  acqua,  fountains.  6.  Farsi, 
Pigliarsi  -  -  di,  to  mock,  laugh  at. 

7.  -  -    di    vele,    (mar.)    set    of    sails, 
v.  Muta  (5).     *=Letizia,  joy. 

Giocoforza  adv. ;  E  — ,  it  is  com- 
pulsory. 

Giocolare  ind.  giocolo;  i.  to  per- 
form; e.g.  on  the  tight  rope.  2.  to  play, 
amuse  oneself.  *As  sb.,  =  Giocoliere. 

Giocpla-t6re  m.,  -trice  / ;  dancer 
on  the  tight  rope. 

Giocoli6r-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  juggler. 

Giocolfno  m. ;  dim.  Gioco.  \  (mar.) 
=  Molinello,  swivel. 

Giocdnd-amente  adv.,  -are  to  cheer 
up,  -ita  sb. ;  v.  -o. 

Giocdndo  (L.  jucmidus,  for  **juvi- 
cundus,<juvare,  to  help,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Jocund) ;  cheerful. 

Gioc<5s-o;  jocose,  merry.  AJ). 
-amente,  -ita. 

Giocuccbiare,  Giochicchiare,  Gio- 
cacchiare ;  dims.  freq.  of  Giocare,  to 
play  just  a  little. 

Giogaia  /  (A)  (bit.  **jngalia,  <  L. 
jugum);   i.  dewlap  of  an  ox.    2.  scherz. 
=  Collottola,  nape  of  the  neck.    (B)  (It. 
giogo) ;  mountain  range. 

t  =  Pappagorgia,  double  cbin. 
*Giogale;  i.  adj.  of  Giogo.     ii.  =  Coniugale. 
t  Giogana  / ;  =  Giogaia. 

*Giogare;  i.  to  yoke.  ii.  to  train  (vines)  on  a 
frame. 

Giogatico  vi. ;  payment  for  the  use 
of  an  ox-team. 


*Giogatay~.;  =  Bobolca,  a  measure  of  area. 
*  Gioggiata ./ ;  —  Jnezia,  Freddura. 


Giogiolarsi ;  =  Crogiolarsi, 
larsi,  to  cuddle  down. 


Cocco- 


GIOGHETTO— GIOVENALESCO 


277 


Giogh^tto  m.  ;  («;</;.  )  =  Pezzp  di 
trave  che  esce  fuori  de'  pilastri  de' 
muri  delle  case,  delle  capanne,  ecc., 
roof-timber  projecting  beyond  the  walls 
of  a  building. 

t  Gi6glia  f.  ;  =  Gioia,  joy. 
tGiogli-ato;  overgrown  with  weeds. 

Gidglio  m.  ;  {hot.)  i.  =  LogIio,  rye-grass.  z.  — 
nero,  =  Gettaione,  corn-cockle. 

Gi6go  m.  (L.  jugum,  root  ieug,  to 
join,  f.  Giungere)  ;  I.  yoke.  2.  moun- 
tain ridge.  3.  beam  of  a  balance. 

*i.  transversal  bar  for  training  vines,  ii.  (mar.) 
transverse  beams,  one  aft  and  the  other  forward, 
forming  part  of  the  frame  supporting  the  Posticcio 
of  a  galley. 


i.  joy.  2.  precious  stone, 
v.  Gioiello.  3.  swell  formerly  added  at 
the  muzzle  of  a  gun. 

Etym.  Prob.  in  sense  (i)  <  L.  gaudia  //., 
treated  as  a  sing,  f.,  the  medial  d  being  dropped, 
>**gau-ia,  whence  gi-o-ia,  by  an>o  and  softening 
of  the  g.  In  sense  (2)  the  word  is  more  likely  to 
be<blt.  **  joca,  jtl.  of  *'je*um,  for  L.  jocits.  Sense 
(3)  is  a  sort  of  adaptation  from  (2).  I'.  Skeat,  i»* 
Joy,  Jewel,  and  Littre,  sub  Joie,  Joyan, 

Gioiale;  v.  Gioviale. 

Gioiellare  ;  i  .  =  I  ngioiellare,  to  adorn 
with  jewels.  2.  to  set  jewels. 

Gioiellerfa  /;  i.  jeweller's  craft. 
2.  jeweller's  shop. 

Gioiellier-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  jeweller. 

Gioiell-o  m.  (either  a  dim.  of  Gioia, 
or  directly  <  mlt.  jocalis)  ;  jewel.  Aff. 
-mo  dim. 


Gioia  is  a  precious  stone, 
whether  rough  or  worked.  Gioiello  is 
an  ornament  worked  by  a  jeweller  in 
gold,  silver  or  precious  stones. 

Giotetta  /  ;  dim.  Gioia. 
Gioi6s-o  ;  joyful.     Aff.  -amente. 

Gio-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  rejoice. 
2.  —  di,  to  enjoy. 

*Gioladro  m.  ;  =  Giullare,  juggler. 

*Giolito  in.  (Span,  jolito,  said  to  be  akin  to  Fr. 
joli);  \.  quiet  enjoyment,  ii.  (mar.)  Stare  in  —  ,  of 
a  galley,  to  lie  to  in  the  open  sea,  rocking  with  the 
waves. 

'Giolivo;  v.  Giulivo. 

•Giollare;  ?/.  Giullare. 

•Giomella;  v.  Giumella. 

'Giomento;  v.  Giumento. 
Gionata;  Jonathan. 

•Giongere;  v.  Giungere. 

Giordano  m.  ;  i.  Jordan.  2.  a  com- 
mon name  for  a  dog,  referring  to  its 
swiftness.  3.  Scioglier  —  ,  =  Scioglier 
la  lingua,  to  speak  freely,  speak  out 
one's  mind. 

*Giorgeria_/C;  =  Braveria,  finery. 
tGiorgiay;;=Persona  che  braca,  riporta,  fa  due 
facce;  sneak. 

Giorgina  /;  (hot.)  dahlia,  the  plant 
was  introduced  about  1800,  from  Mexico; 
its  two  names  are  from  Uahl,  a  pupil 
of  Linnaeus,  and  Georgi,  a  Russian 
scientist. 

Gidrgio  m.  ;  George,  esp.  as  patron 
saint  of  England  or  of  Genoa.  Fare 
il  —  ,  =  Far  lo  gnorri,  to  pretend  igno- 
rance. 

Giorgon^sco  ;  of  Giorgione,  the 
Venetian  painter. 


-ale. 


Giorn-accio,  -alaccio  ;  peggs.  of  -o, 


Giornalaio  m. ;  newspaper-seller. 

Giornal-e  m.  (L.  diurnalis,  v. 
Giorno) ;  journal. 

Aff.  -etto  dim.,  -ettucciaccio  dim.  sfreg. 

Giornalier-e  or  -o;  m.  i.  day- 
labourer.  2.  as  adj.,  daily.  3.  capri- 
cious. 

Giornalino  m. ;  newspaper  of  small 
size,  but  good. 

Giornal-ismo  m. ;  journalism.  Aff. 
-ista,  -fstico. 

Giornalmente ;  every  day. 

Giornal-6nert7^>«.,  -ucciacciof/jr^.,  -uccio 
tiiin.  sprcg.,  -ume  collect.  spreg.,  of -e. 

Giornante;  i.  f.  charwoman.  2.  m. 
brother  on  duty  amongst  the  Compagnia 
della  Misericordia. 

Giornarello  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  or  iron. 
of  Giorno. 

Giornat-a  f. ;  i .  day,  as  a  period  of 
time.  2.  day's  work,  pay,  or  journey; 
Far  la  — ,  to  work  by  the  day.  3.  A  -e, 
at  intervals,  by  fits  and  starts  ;  F.  a 
-e,  he  is  a  person  of  variable  temper. 
4.  —  campale,  or  simply  — ,  pitched 
battle.  5.  Le  cinque  —  e,  the  five  days' 
fighting  against  the  Austrians  at  Milan 
in  1848.  6.  Vivere  alia  — ,  to  live  from 
hand  to  mouth.  7.  Alia  — ,  or  In  — , 
as  things  now  stand  ;  In  —  si  vende 
poco,  we  are  not  doing  much  trade  just 
now.  8.  A  gran  — ,  or  A  grandissime 
-e,  rapidly,  lit.  by  long  daily  marches. 
9.  In  — ,  before  the  day  is  over. 

Aff.  -accia  pfgg.,  -ma  dim.  vezz.  or  iron.,  -<5na 
angm.  great  day's  work,  or  pay. 

Giornfea  /;  Mettersi,  Cingersi, 
Allacciarsi  or  Affibbiarsi  la  — ,  to 
speak  with  an  air  of  affected  authority, 
//'/.  put  on  uniform. 

*i.  mantle,  ii.  military  cloak,  iii.  =  Ornrtmento 
rerde.  iv.  =J.ucco,  magistrate's  robe.  v.  Alia  — 
d'  oggi,  to-day. 

Etym.  Fr.  jonrnte,  which  was  used  in  the 
fifteenth  century  for  cloak,  lit.  garment  for  a  day  of 
travelling  or  of  battle. 

tGiorneJlo  m.\  hod. 

Giorne6ne  m.  ;=Bighellone,  idler. 
Giornerello  m. ;  i.q.  Giornarello. 

Giornino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Giorno. 

Gi6rn-0  in.  (bh.jornus,  cp.  Fr.jour, 
<  L.  diurnus,<dies) ;  i.  day.  2.  A  — , 
in  daytime.  3.  A  -i,  (a)  in  a  few  days' 
time  from  now,  (b)  some  days;  A  -i  e 
allegro  e  a  -i  burbero,  some  days  he 
is  cheerful  and  on  others  morose. 
4.  Punto  a  — ,  open-work,  v.  Punto 
(7).  5.  Legato  a  — ,  of  a  jewel,  set 
without  any  backing,  so  that  the  light 
shines  through  when  it  is  held  up. 

6.  Essere  or  Stare  a  — ,  or  al  —  d'  un 
fatto,  to  be  thoroughly  posted  up  in  it; 
Stare  in  —  con  gli  affari  di  ufficio,  to 
have  all  the  office  work  written  close  up. 

7.  Essere  in  —  in  — ,  of  a  woman,  to  be 
on  the  point  of  becoming   a  mother. 

8.  Non  aver  tutti  i  suoi  -i,  to  be  not  all 
there,  partially  silly.     9.    Rimettere  in 
buon  — ,  to  make  all  losses  good,  pay 
all  expenses.     10.  Andare  a  — ,  to  be 
spun  out,  take  a  long  time. 


Giosafat.  Giosafatte  m. ;  Jehosha- 
phat.  La  valle  di  — ,  the  next  world. 

*Giosana  f.;  ebb. 
*Gioso;=Giuso,  down. 

Gibstra  (Giosta)  /  (vbsb.  of  Gio- 
strare) ;  i.  joust.  2.  Far  la  — ,  to 
loiter  round  a  place.  3.  a  theatrical 
exhibition  held  in  the  mountains,  the 
actors  being  dressed  up  as  knights  and 
singing  their  parts  and  fighting  with 
wooden  swords.  4.  the  verses  written 
for  such  occasions.  5.  merry-go-round, 
also  termed  Carosello. 

*i.  real  fight  (of  a  few  warriors),  ii.  exercising 
place  for  military  training,  iii.  =  lliu l.i,  trick,  feint. 

Giostrare  ind.  gi6stro  (cogn.  Pro- 
venq.jostar,  Span./w.r/'ar,  old  Fr.joster, 
<  mlt.  juxiare,  lit.  to  bring  close  to- 
gether, <  L.  juxta,  root  jug,  to  join, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Joust);  i.  to  joust.  2.  fig. 
I  miei  pensieri  giostrano  tra  loro,  my 
ideas  are  jostling  one  another.  3.  i.q. 
Andare  a  zonzo,  to  loiter  about. 

*i.  to  fight  in  reality;  strictly,  in  single  combat. 
ii.  to  trick,  v.  *  Giostra  (iii). 

Giostrat6re  in.  •  i.  v.  Giostrare.  2.  v.  Gio- 
stra (3). 

Giostr6n-e  ;«.,  -a  / ;  loiterer.  Aff. 
-\  adv. 

G-iosue  m.;  Joshua. 

Giovam^nto  m. ;  advantage,  value. 

Giovan-accio  or  -astro ;  peggs.  of -e. 

GioVane  or  Gi6vine ;  in//,  the  latter 
form  is  more  usual  (L.  juvenis,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Young) ;  young. 

Aff.  Giovan-ettaccio  pegg.  of  -etto,  -etta  f.  -etto 
tn.  dims.,  -ezza  sb.,  -ile  juvenile,  .ilmente,  -ino  -ina 
^ims.  vezz. 

Giovanni  m.;  i.  John.  2.  Aver 
molti  San  —  addosso,  to  be  advanced 
in  years.  3.  II  bel  San  — ,  the 
Baptistery  at  Florence.  4.  San  —  a 
sedere,  a  Florentine  coin.  5.  Erba  San 
— ,  ordi  San  — ,  v.  Erba  (127). 

tGiovannino  m. ;  San  — ,  a  shove  with  the 
elbows. 

fGiovannizzero  m. ;  =  Giannizzero. 

Giovanott-a  /.  sckerz.  of  -o,  -accio  ftgg., 
-6tto  -ino  dims,  vezz.',  v.  -o. 

Giovan6tt-o  or  Giovin6tt-o  m. ; 
i.  strong  young  fellow.  2.  bachelor. 
Aff.  -one  augm. 

Giov-are  (Giovere)  (L.  juvare) ; 
i.  to  be  useful.  2.  -arsi  di,  (a)  to 
utilise,  (6)  to  use  with  satisfaction ; 
Kobaccia  che  neanche  i  cani  se  ne 
giovano,  nasty  stuff  which  not  even  a 
dog  will  touch.  3.  Fare  a  giova  giova, 
to  help  one  another.  4.  Mi  giova  cre- 
dere, I  can  well  believe. 

tGiovarecci6so  ;  =  Pulito,  clean,  ready  for  use, 

Gidve  m.  (L.);  i.  Jupiter.  2.  sckfrz.  for 
Giovedi.  3.  Barba  di  — ,(bot.)  houseleek,  v.  Sem- 
previvo.  *in  alchemy,  tin  or  gold. 

Giovedi  m.  ( \*,Jm>is  dies,  cp.  Proveng. 
dijons) ;  i.  Thursday.  2.  E  un  — ,  ever  so 
long  ago  ;  Domandi  se  sono  sposi  ?  e  un 
— ,  You  ask  whether  they  are  married 
yet  ?  yes,  ever  so  long  ago.  3.  M  ancare  u  n 
— ,  or  qualche  — ,  (usu.  Venerdl),  =  Non 
aver  tutti  i  suoi  giorni,  v.  Giorno  (8). 

tGiov*gliecay:;=Altalena,  swing. 
Giovenalesco  ;  like  Juvenal,  the  Latin  satirist. 


278 


GIOVENCO— GIRIMEATA 


Giov6nc-o  tn.,  -a,/.  (L.  ju-venciis); 
steer,  heifer. 

Gioventil/(L./;/zwz/#.f);  I.  youth- 
fulness.  2.  youth,  young  people  as  a 
whole,  or  by  extension,  stock  of  young 
plants. 

Gioverdccio  (It.  giovare)  ;  bright 
and  healthy-looking,  so  as  to  be  a 
pleasure  to  look  at,  similarly  of  nice- 
looking  food. 

Giovese;  San  — ,  a  variety  of  vine  and  grape. 

Giovdvole;  useful,  ?/.  Giovare. 

Giovial-e,  Gioial-e  m.  \  \.  jovial,  lit. 
born  under  the  influence  of  the  lucky 
planet  Jupiter.  The  variant  Gioiale  is 
due  to  popular  etymology,  Gioviale 
being  regarded  as  derived  from  Gioia, 
joy  or  jewel.  2.  Jovial,  belonging  to  the 
planet  Jupiter.  Aff.  -ita,  -one  augm. 

Gidvine  and  derivatives,  v.  Giovane. 

*Giovo  >«.;  =  Giogo,  yoke. 

Gipeto  jn.  (Gr.) ;  lammergeier  vulture,  "'.  Arpia. 
*Gipone  m.  ;  =  Gitibbone,  coat. 

Gipsoteca  f.  (Gr.);  gallery  of  plaster  c:i-.ts. 

Gira  f. ;  (com.)  endorsement  over  to 
a  third  party. 

Girabile  ;  negotiable. 
Giracapo  m. ;  dizziness. 

*G|rac6;«.;  i.  =  Giunchiglione.     ii.  fool. 
Giracolo  ;;/. ;  nettle-tree,  v.  Bagolaro. 

Giradito  m. ;  (surg.)  whitlow. 

Giraffa./  (Arabic  zarnf,  long  neck);  as  E. 
tGiragno  »/.;  geranium. 
Giragolo  m. ;  i.q.  Giracolo,  nettle-tree. 

Giram6nt-o  m. ;  i.  —  di  capo,  or 
absol.  — ,  dizziness.  2.  Aver  -i,  or  -i 
di  capo,  to  be  in  an  irritable  mood. 

3.  tediousness,  boredom. 
*i.  vbsb.  Girare.     ii.  vicissitude. 

Giramdndo  m.;  vagrant. 

*Girandello  w. ;  —  Girandolone,  tramp. 

Girandol-a /. ;  i.  Catherine-wheel. 
2.  fig.  flighty  person.  3.  =  Giro,  artifice. 

4.  Dar  foco  alia  — ,  Jig.  (a)  to  speak 
out  regardless  of  consequences,  (6)  to 
decide  upon  a  course  of  action.    5.  Dar 
nelle  -e,  =  Impazzire,  to  rave.     6.   toy 
windmill.       7.  =  Nottolino,    revolving 
button. 

*i.  =Arzigogo!o,  whim.  ii.  Stoppinare  la — tfig. 
to  set  a  scheme  on  foot. 

Girandolare  or  Girondolare  ind.  ginindolo ; 
to  roam. 

Girandol-ina  or  -etta  /;  dim.  -a. 

Girandol-ino  ;«.;  \.  v.  -are.  2.  inconstant 
person,  weathercock. 

Girandol-6ne  m.,  -6nayC;  i.  ?'.  -are.  2.  nn>'ui. 
of  -a.  As  adv.,  -one  or  -oni,  v.  -are. 

Giranio  ;  v.  Geranio. 

Girante  m. ;  endorser,  ?/.  Girare  (5). 

Girard611o  m. ;  spotted  crake,  v. 
Teccola. 

Gir-are  (It.  giro);  I.  to  turn  round, 
swing  round,  make  to  revolve.  2.  to  go 
round,  travel  through  a  locality.  3.  to 
surround;  II  marciapiede  -a  tutta  la  casa, 
the  foot-pavement  entirely  surrounds  the 
house.  4.  to  go  round  (an  obstacle),  get 
round  (a  difficulty).  5.  —  un  credito, 
to  give  an  acknowledgment  of  a  debt. 
6.  —  una  cambiale,  to  negotiate  a  bill 
by  endorsement.  7.  —  il  discorso,  to 
change  the  subject.  8.  —  il  periodo. 


to  round   off  the   sentence.     9.    —  la 
palla,  at  billiards,  to  put  on  screw. 

Intr.  10.  to  revolve,  ii.  to  ramble. 
12.  to  have  a  certain  length  of  circuit; 
La  Valdichiana  -a  ottanta  e  piii  miglia, 
is  eighty  miles  round  or  more.  13.  of 
a  road,  to  turn.  14.  fig.  of  wine,  to 
turn  bad.  15.  —  largo  a'  canti,  fig. 
to  behave  with  caution.  16.  —  largo, 
to  disappear,  keep  out  of  the  way. 

17.  —  il  capo,  or  \  anima,  to  feel  dizzy. 

18.  Ma  che  ti  -a,  (a)  what  whim  have 
you   got   in    your   head    now?    (b)   on 
hearing  of  some  unfortunate  occurrence, 
Perdere  tre  figlioli    in  una  settimana ; 
ma  che  vi  -a  !  to  lose  three  children  in 
the  same  week  ;  just  think  of  it!  Chieder 
il  trenta  per  cento  di  frutto,  o  che  ti  -a! 
asking  for  thirty  per  cent,  interest,  just 
fancy!     19.  Se  mi  -a,  if  the  fancy  takes 
me.     20.  —  di  bordo,  (a]  (mar)  —  V\ra.t 
di  bordo,  to  tack,  (b)  (fig.)  =  G\ra.r  largo, 
v.  supra  (14,  15).    21.  — nella  memoria, 
nella  mente,  or  per  la  memoria,  per  la 
mente,  to  be  vaguely  in  one's  recollec- 
tion, vaguely  hovering  in   one's  mind. 

22.  to  be  in  circulation,  e.g.  a  pamphlet, 
or    some    particular    kind    of   money. 

23.  part,  -ato  roasted,  //'/.   turned  on 
a  spit ;  also  as  sb.  —  Arrosto,  roast  meat. 

*as  s6.t  curving  line  of  foliage  or  the  like.  Con 
bellissimi  girari,  with  most  beautiful  wreaths.  Una 
cassa  di  porfido,  retta  da  quattro  cantonate  di  bronzo, 
con  girari  di  foglie  molto  ben  lavorate,  a  chest  of 
porphyry,  held  together  at  the  four  corners  by  bronze 
straps,  with  wreaths  of  foliage  beautifully  executed. 

Girarrbsto  m.;  roasting-jack. 

Giras61e  m. ;  I.  (hot.)  —  annuo,  sun- 
flower, Helianthus  annuus,  also  termed 
Eliotropio,  Mirasole,  Corona  reale,  Fiore 
di  San  Marco.  2.  —  tuberoso,  Jerusalem 
artichoke,  Helianthus  tubcrosus,  also 
termed  Tartufo  di  canna,  Tartufo  bi- 
anco di  canna.  3.  —  perpetuino,  yellow 
everlasting,  v.  Fiore,  i6(xxvii).  4.  sun- 
flower seeds,  used  for  parrots'  food. 
5-  =  Torcicollo,  wryneck.  6.  (min.) 
sunstone,  an  opalescent  variety  of 
quartz,  t  Pesce  — ,  =  Donzella  zigu- 
rella,  rainbow-fish. 

Girata  /. ;  i.  revolution.  2.  turn, 
walk  round.  3.  dealing  cards  round  ; 
Do  le  carte  a  tressetti  in  due  girate,  I 
deal  out  the  cards  at  Tressetti  in  two 
rounds.  4.=Volta,  time;  A  quest'  al- 
tra  — ,  (iron.)  this  time  (you  have  not 
caught  me).  5.  transference  of  a  bill 
by  indorsement  over  to  the  transferee. 

Giratario  m. ;  transferee,  indorsee, 
v.  Girata  (5). 

Giratfna  / ;  i.  turn,  of  a  key. 
2.  dim.  Girata  (2).  3.  rounding  off 
of  a  sentence. 

Girato  tn. ;  v.  Girare  (23). 

Giratoio  m.'t  in  casting,  =  Manubrio  a  Stella 
che,  applicato  al  fuso  della  forma,  serve  per  farla 
girare,  e  cosi  centinarla  a  piacere. 

Giratdna  f.;  augm.  Girata  (2),  long 
walk. 

Giravlti  tn.;  screwdriver. 

Giravblta  f.  ;  turn  round,  right- 
about face. 


Giravoltolare  ind.  giravoltolo  ;  to 
turn  right  about. 

Gire  ;  defective  vb.  now  used  only 
in  poetry  ;  the  forms  that  occur  in  the 
citations  given  by  T.  &  B.  are  ind. 
pres.  giamo,  imperf.  giva,  givano,  perf. 
givi,  gi'o,  gi,  gissi  for  si  gi,  gimmo  or 
gimo,  giro  for  girono,  fut.  girk,  subj. 
pres.  gi'a,  perf.  gisse,  parts,  gendo,  gito, 
and  the  infin.  gire,  to  go. 

Rtyiit.  L.  ire,  the  prefixing  of  a  soft  g  being 
parallel  to  that  occurring  in  Ital.  Giulio,<I../7///Ws, 
which  was  pronounced  iulins. 

Gir611-a/;  I.  a  wooden  disk  for 
playing  with,  made  like  a  little  cart- 
wheel with  a  groove  in  its  rim  on  which 
string  may  be  wound  ;  the  string  on 
being  pulled  off  spins  the  disk  round 
so  that  it  will  roll  away  some  distance. 
2.  wheel  of  a  pulley.  3.  piece,  at 
draughts  or  backgammon.  4.  Fare 
alia  — ,  to  play  with  the  spinning-disk; 
Fare  alle  -e,  to  play  at  draughts.  5.  fig. 
person  of  inconstant  opinions,  political 
weathercock,  in  this  sense  the  word  is 
also  m.  indecl.  from  a  character  in  a 
satire  by  Giusti.  6.  Dare  nelle  -e,  = 
Impazzare,  to  go  crazy.  7.  sellers,  pop. 
for  money. 

*i.  rowel  of  a  spur.  ii.  mould  for  making  cheese. 
iii.  =Pedina.  iv.  a  small  mariner's  compass.  v.= 
Kantasticheria,  whim.  tvi.  =  Donzella  zigurella, 
rainbow-fish. 

*  Girellaio  m. ;  i.  maker  of  Girdle,  ii.  fig. 
inconstant  person. 

Girellare  ind.  girello ;  to  walk  about 
for  amusement. 

Girellfna  /  ;  dim.  Girella. 
Girellfno  m. ;  dim.  Girellone,  idler. 

Girelllo  m.  ;  walking  about  and 
doing  nothing. 

Girdllo  m. ;  i .  heart  or  bottom  of  an 
artichoke.  2.  steak  cut  from  the  back 
of  the  thigh.  3.  ring  inserted  between 
the  nave  of  a  wheel  and  the  axletree  to 
make  them  fit  more  closely. 

*i.  =  Cerchietto,  bracelet,  ii.  scarf  worn  over 
armour,  iii.  platter  of  wickerwork  to  be  laid  on  a 
table  under  hot  dishes,  iv.  the  game  of  Mea.  v.  = 
Giradito,  whitlow. 

Girell6n-a ;  /  of  -e.    AJf.  -are  vb. 

Girell6ne  «. ;  loafer.  +  combination 
of  three  like  cards  at  I3azzica. 

Girettino  m.  •  sub-dim,  of  Giro,  tour. 

Gir6ttO  m.  ;  I.  dim.  Giro,  tour. 
2.  (bootin.)  strip  of  leather  sewn  on  to 
the  upper  and  then  fastened  to  the  sole. 

Gir^vole;  i.  revolving.    2.  fig.  fickle. 

*Giri if.;  i.  flour,     ii.   Pieno  in  — ,  brim  full. 

Girifalco,  Girfalco  (Gerfalco)  in. ;  i,  gerfalcon, 
Falco  gyrfitlco.  2.  =  Astore,  goshawk. 

Eiym.  Coffn.  Provenc.  zirifalcs,  old  Kr.  girftilc 
(>  Fr.  gerfaut).  Span,  gtrifalte,  mlt.  gyro/alcns, 
<O.  H.G.  °ir/alc,  where  the  first  syllable  is  akin  to 
QM.G.giri,  greedy(>Germ.  Gier,  fierig),  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Gyrfalcon. 

Girigbgolo  ;;/.  (apparently  a  dim. 
form  of  Girigoro) ;  I.  scrawl,  meaning- 
less curves  added  to  a  capital  letter, 
unintelligible  abbreviation.  2.  confused 
argument. 

Girig6ro  m.;  v.  Ghirigoro. 

tGirimeata/;  =  Geata,  grimace 


GIRIMEO— GIUDICIALE 


279 


•Girimeo  m.  ;  i.  juggler's  or  rope-dancer's  feat. 
ii.  whim. 

Girino  in.  (L.  gyri/tns  =  Gr.  yvpivos, 
<yvpds,  round)  ;  tadpole. 

Oirlo  in.  ;  whirling. 

*Giritondo;  round.     As  si>.,  winding  road. 
Girlo  m.  ;  (&*/.)  =  Veggiola,  bitter  vetch. 


Gir-0  m.  (L.  =  Gr.  yvpns,  ring);  I.  re- 
volution. 2.  circuit;  Nel  —  delle  scienze 
esatte,  within  the  compass  of  the  exact 
sciences.  3.  walk  round,  tour.  4.  cir- 
culation, e.g.  of  money;  In  —  ,  being 
circulated.  5.  =  Marachella,  trick. 
6.  rim  of  a  jar.  7.  —  delle  semente, 
rotation  of  crops.  8.  Non  e  —  ,  or 
Non  c'  e  —  ,  —  Non  torna;  Venir  laggiu 
in  quella  maremma  con  questo  caldo 
non  e  —  ,  it  will  never  do  to  go  down 
into  that  swamp  in  this  hot  weather. 
9.  Stare  al  —  ,  =  Alla  conia,  to  be  on 
offer  for  hire.  10.  turn  (of  a  phrase). 
ii.  —  di  parole,  circumlocution  ;  Per 
—  ,  roundabout.  12.  at  cards,  the 
rotation  of  the  deal  ;  Finite  il  —  smetto, 
when  everybody  has  had  the  deal  I 
shall  stop  playing;  Quanti  -i  s'  e  fatto? 
how  many  times  has  the  deal  been 
round?  13.  at  billiards,  Dare  il  —  , 
or  Girarla,  to  put  on  screw  or  side, 
v.  Girare  (9).  14.  (mar.}  Prendere  il 
—  di  bitta,  to  take  a  turn  round  the 
bitt.  15.  —  della  carena,  bilge  of  the 
ship's  bottom,  also  termed  Rotondo  dei 
fiori. 

Girocapo  in.;  (hot.}  I.  pale  narcissus, 
Narcissus  biflorus,  also  termed  Tazzet- 
taccia,  Giunchiglia  pagliata.  2.  poet's 
narcissus,  Narcissus  poeticus,  also  term- 
ed Tazzetta,  Narciso  de'  poeti. 

t  Girola  yI;  =  Scaro  cretense,  Grecian  parrot-fish. 

Girolamfno  adj.  or  st>.  ;  i.tf.  Geronimita. 

Girblamo  ;  i.  Jerome.  2.  the  name  of  a 
"mask,"  v.  Maschera. 

Girometta  ;  v.  Girumetta. 

Girdnda  ;  ;  '.  Ghironda. 

Girondino  ;  Girondist,  member  of  the  moderate 
party  during  the  French  revolution,  so  called  because 
Its  earliest  leaders  Vergniaud,  Guadet,  etc.,  were 
sent  up  to  the  Assembly,  Oct.  1791,  by  the  Gironde 
department. 

Girondolare  ;  v.  Girandolare. 

Gir6ne  »t.;  I.  nt/if/n.  Giro.  2.  sharp 
turn  in  a  river  or  road.  3.  the  divisions 
of  the  seventh  circle  of  Dante's  Inferno 
and  of  the  lower  spheres  of  Heaven. 
4.  (mar.)  loom  of  an  oar,  from  the 
handle  to  the  rowlock.  5.  as  adv.,  v. 
Gironi. 

*i.  =  Cerchio.     ii.  whirlwind,     iii.  whirlpool. 

Gir6n-i  or  -e  adv.;  A  —  ,  loafing. 

Gironzare  or  Gironzolare  ind.  giron- 
zolo  ;  to  lie  prying  round. 

Girosc6pio  m.  ;  gyroscope.' 

*Girotta^;  i.  =  Banderuola.  streamer.     ii.  —  di 
timone,  rudder-yoke. 

t  Girottolare  ;  —  Girouzolare. 

Girovagare  ind.  girovago  ;  to  roam 
about. 

Girdvago  ;  roaming.  Merciaio  —  , 
hawker. 

Girumetta,  Girometta,  Ghirumctta  (from 
the  name  of  a  girl,  short  for  Girolametta.  for  whom 
the  song  was  written);  a  popular  song  in  praise  of 
the  various  parts  of  a  woman's  dress;  it  begins  Chi 
t'  ha  fatto  si  belle  scarpette  Che  ti  stan  st  ben?  Che 
ti  stan  si  ben,  Ghirumetta,  Che  ti  stan  si  ben. 


Gisme  ;«.  ;  (&>/.)  Cassia  af/sus,  the  seed^  of 
which  are  used  in  Egypt  for  ophthalmia. 

*Gisso  (I,.  gyfisattts,  whitened);  good  (news). 

*Git  m.  (L.  gith);  (*»/.)  fennel-flower,  :'. 
Erba  (145). 

Git-ay.  (It.  gire);  i.  journey,  jaunt. 
2.  postman's  round.  3.  at  chess,  move. 
4.  (mil.)  Licenza  di  —  ,  leave  to  travel. 
t  =  Porzione,  Quantita.  Ajf.  -accia 


Gitagine  f.  ;  the  chemical  principle  of  Get- 
taione. 

Gitanay.  (Span.,  T.  Zingano);  air  of  a  Spanish 
dance. 

Git-erMla,  -dtta  dims.,  -ettina  dim. 
vesz.,  of  Gita. 

Gito  ;  part.  Girc. 

*Gittaione  m.  ;  =  Git,  fennel-flower.  x 

Gitt-are  ;  —  Gettare,  to  throw.  E  tanto  volta 
che  quel  dinanzi  a  quel  di  retro  -a,  is  >o  turned 
round  that  the  toe  strikes  upon  the  imprint  of  the 
heel,  ///.  that  it  throws  that  which  is  in  front  to 
that  which  is  behind,  D.  Par.  12.  116,  i.e.  the 
disciples  though  they  tread  in  the  footsteps  of  their 
master  go  in  the  opposite  direction. 

Gittata  /;  i.  range  of  a  gun. 
2.  mud  thrown  out  in  cleaning  a  ditch. 

*Gitto  m.:  i.  =  Getto.  ii.  A  —  ,  («)  =  A  covo, 
(6)—  Addirittura,  immediately,  tiii.  =  Mescino,  ladle 
for  a  cesspool. 

Gittone  in.  ;  (t>ol.)  wild  red  campion,  Lychnis 
dioica.. 

Giu  (Giue,  Giuso)  adv.  (L.  deorsum, 
down,  <**devorsu»i,  lit.  turned  down- 
wards, >  **deosiim  >  Provenc..  Jos,  old 
Fr.  jus,  cp.  Fr.  jusant,  ebb-tide,  Catal. 
jussa,  old  Span,  yuso,  Roumanian  JOSH, 
Ital.  giuso,  contracted  later  into  giu)-, 

1.  down.     2.  —  di,  round  about;  —  di 
Ii,  thereabouts  ;  —  di  qua,  somewhere 
about  here.     3.  Su  per  —  ,  or  Poco  su, 
poco  —  ,  roughly  speaking,   generally. 
4.  Andar  —  ,  (a)  to  go  down,  (6)  to  go 
out  of  fashion,  into  disuse,  (c)  to  fall  off 
in  health,  or  fortunes.     5.    Buttar  —  , 
(a)  to  throw  (vegetables)  into  the  pot, 
(&)  to  make  a  rough  sketch.     6.    Dal 
tetto  in  —  ,  of  earthly  matters,  as  op- 
posed  to   Dal   tetto  in   su,  the   super- 
natural. 

Giuba,  Giubba  /  (L.  Julia,  mane, 
crest,  root  ieudh,  to  shake,  >jul>ea,  to 
order,  orig.  to  toss  the  crest)  ;  mane  of 
a  lion. 

Giubb-a  /  (A)  ;  mane,  v.  Giuba. 
(B)  (cogn.  Roumanian  siibca,  Grisons 
diitl.  gippa,  Provenc,.  juba,  Fr.  jupe, 
Span,  aljtiba,  Moorish  cloak,  Span. 
chupa,  jacket,  <  Arabic  (al)g'ubbah, 
tunic)  ;  I.  evening  swallow-tail  coat. 

2.  any  kind  of  coat  for  a  man.     3.   Ri- 
voltar  la  —  ,  to  turn  one's  coat,  change 
sides  from  interested  motives;  —  ri  volta, 
turncoat.     4.  Farsi  tirar  la  —  ,  to  accu- 
mulate debts.     5.    Tagliate  la  —  ,  or  i 
panni,  addosso  a  uno,  to  speak  ill  of 
him.     6.   Fare  la  —  ,  or  il  vestito,  per  le 
febte  a  uno,  to  "dust  his  jacket,"  beat 
him.    7.  Non  ne  volere  sulla  —  ,  i.e.  to 
be  lazy,  slack.     *i.  petticoat,     ii.  waist- 
coat.    Aff.  -a.ma.ptgg. 

Giubb-6tta/;  dim.  -a.  *=Gibetto, 
gibbet. 

Giubbett-ina,  -ino  dim.  vezz.  -a,  -o. 

GiubWtto  m.  ;  loose  jacket.  *  = 
Gibetto,  gibbet. 


Giubbil-are,  Giubil-are  ind.  giiib- 
bilo  (L.,  v.  infra,  Giubileo)  ;  I.  to 
rejoice.  2.  to  pension  off.  Aff.  -azione. 

Giubbiloo     m.  ;      i.     v.     Giubileo. 

2.  scherz.  for  Giubba. 
Giubbilo  /;/. ;  v.  Giubilo. 
Giubbina  /  ;  dim.  Giubba. 

Giubbino  m. ;  \.  =  Giubbetto.  2. 
(iron.)  close-fitting  coat  for  a  man. 

3.  — ,or  Giuppino,  a  Bergamot  "mask," 
v.  Maschera. 

Giubb<5n-e  m.  (augm.  Giubba)  ; 
i.  rough  great-coat.  2.  Farsi  tirare 
il  — ,  to  be  always  in  arrear  with  one's 
payments.  3.  Scotere  a  uno  il  — ,  to 
"dust  his  jacket,"  beat  him.  4.  Piegare 
il  — ,  =  Sgobbare,  to  go  to  work  with  a 
good  will.  Aff.  -cello,  -cino  dims.  vezz. 

Giubb-ucciayl;  diitt.  spreff.  of -a. 

Giubilare;  v.  Giubbilare. 

Giubileo,  Giubbileo  in.  (L.,  <  Hebrew  yobel, 
blast  of  a  trumpet,  shout  of  joy,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Jubilee);  jubilee. 

Giubilo,  Giubbilo  m. ;  joy. 
*Giucare;  =  Giocare,  to  play. 

Giucc-accio,  -accia  peggs.  of  -o,  -a;  -arello 
i.f.  -herello ;  -ata,  piece  of  foolery ;  -herellino 
dim.  of  - herello;  -herello,  -herella  dims.  vezz. 
sf>reg.  of  -o  or  -a;  -hercllone,  -hercllona  augms. 
of -herello,  -herella;  -heria,  i.q.  -ata  foolery;  -hic- 
cera,  v.  -o;  -hJno,  -hfna,  dims.  vczz.  of -o,  -a. 

Giucc-o  m.,  -a/,  (a  variant  either  of 
Ciuco  or  Ciocco  or  perhaps  of  Sciocco) ; 
ass,  silly  fool ;  the  term  is  sometimes 
attenuated  into  Giucchiccera  (for  Giucco 
ci  era)  or  Giucchiccistava  (for  Giucco  ci 
stava).  Aff.  -one,  -ona  augms. 

*  Giuchevole ;  -  Giochevole,  playful. 
*Giucolare  ;  =  Giocolare. 

Giuda-ico ;  Jewish.  Aff.  -icaminte,  -ismo, 
-i/zare. 

Giudea./;  Judaea.  Vite  di  — ,  (M.)  woody 
nightshade,  v.  Dulcamara. 

Giudeo;  Pesce  — ,  hammer-headed  shark,  v. 
Sfirna. 

Giudicabilc;  i.  ready  for  judgment.  2.  as 
sff.t  prisoner  on  trial. 

Giudic-are  ind.  giiidico  giudichi  ; 
to  judge.  Esser  passato  in  -ato,  to  be 
no  longer  open  to  question. 

*i.  to  bequeath,  ii.  to  settle  the  terms  of  one's 
will.  iii.  to  condemn,  iv.  -arsi,  to  express  a  wish 
to  be  buried  in  some  spot.  v.  -arsi  a  letto,  to  take 
to  one's  bed. 

Giudic-at6re  ;«.,  -atrice./;  vbsbs.  of -are. 

Giudicatura  /;  i.  judgeship.  2. 
judicature. 

Giudice  in.  (L.  judex,  <Jus,  dicart, 
v.  Giurare,  Dire);  i.  judge.  2.  - 
istruttore,  examining  magistrate,  Fr. 
juge  <P instruction.  3.  —  conciliatore, 
or  di  pace,  magistrate  who  adjudicates 
upon  minor  differences  without  the  ex- 
penses of  a  regular  trial  and  without 
employment  of  counsel,  also  termed 
Buon  uomo,  Fr.  juge  de  paix.  4.  - 
competente,  or  naturale,  judge  appoint- 
ed in  accord  with  the  natural  or  civil 
condition  of  both  parties  or  at  least  of 
one  of  them.  5.  —  delle  mercedi,  in 
Rome,  one  who  decides  in  a  rough 
and  ready  way  upon  disputes  between 
peasants  in  the  markets. 

*i.  —  del  campo,  presiding  judge  at  a  judicial 
combat,  ii.  —  di  legge,  doctor  of  laws.  iii.  amongst 
the  early  Ixjmbards,  count,  iv.  leader,  judge,  such 
as  those  of  the  Hook  of  Judges  in  the  Bible,  v.  title 
of  former  governors  of  Sardinia. 

Giudicial-e  or  Giudizial-e;  judicial.  Aff. 
-m6nte. 


280 


GIUDICIARIO— GIUPPONE 


Giudiciario;  v.  Giudiziario. 
tGiudio  ;;/.;  —  Lofio,  angler  fish. 

Giuditta;  Judith. 

Giudizi-accio  w.  ;  pegg.  iron,  or  sckerz.  of  -o. 
II  mio  —  mi  dice  .questo,  according  to  my  poor 
judgment. 

Giudiziatc;  ?-.  Giudiciale. 

Giudiziari-0  ;  I.  judiciary.  2.  Astro- 
logia  -a,  judicial  astrology,  prophecy  of 
the  future  of  a  person  or  nation  as  op- 
posed to  natural  astrology,  prophecy  of 
future  natural  phenomena. 

Griudizino  m.;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Giudizio. 
2.  silly  fellow. 

Giudizio  m.  (L.  judicium,  decision 
of  a  judge,  -v.  Giudice)  ;  i.  judgment, 
opinion.  2.  trial  ;  Stare  in  —  ,  to  sue, 
or  be  sued.  3.  verdict.  4.  sentence. 
5.  judgment,  good  sense.  6.  prudence, 
care  ;  Metier  —  ,  to  be  careful  about 
what  one  says  or  does. 

Aff.  Giudizi-one  augm.,  -osamente,  -oso. 
Giue;  ».  Giii. 

Giliggiol-a  /  (bit.  jujuba,  <  L.  zi- 
ziphum,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Jujube)  ;  I.  jujube. 
2.  E  una  —  ,  =  L'  e  una  zizzola,  it  is  a 
trifle.  3.  Andare  in  broda  di  -e,  to 
show  the  greatest  delight. 

*i.  Questa  e  la  —  ;  this  is  where  the  difficulty  is. 
ii.  —  Giuggiolo. 

Giuggiolaio  m.  ;  seller  of  jujubes. 

Giuggiolenayi  (Arabic  dgiundgiulan,  sesame 
seed);  =  Sesamo. 

Giuggiol-etta  or  -ina/i;  dim.  of  -a. 
Giuggiolino;  reddish  yellow,  like  a  jujube. 

Giliggiolo  m.  (L.,  v.  Giuggiola)  ; 
i.  jujube  tree,  Zizyphiis  vulgaris,  also 
termed  Zizzolo  comune.  2.  cultivated 
jujube  tree,  Zizyph  us  jujuba,  also  termed 
Zizzolo  coltivato. 

Giuggiol-ona  /  ;  augm.  of  -a. 
Giuggioldne  m.  ;  great  fool. 
Giugno  in.  (L./unius)  ;  June. 
Giugnolfno  ;  a  June  variety  of  apple. 
Giugnolo  ;  a  June  variety  of  pear. 

Giug-olare  or  -ulare;  (anat.)  jugular. 

Giugulare  ;  7-.  Giugolare.    *  to  cut  the_  throat  of. 

Giugurtin-o;  Jugurthine.  La  storia  -a,  Sal- 
lust's  Jugurthine  War. 

•Giuladro  w.;  =  Giullare,  mountebank. 
*Giul6  m.;  i:  *Gile. 

Giulebb-are  ind.  giulebbo  ;  i.  to 
coat  with  sugar.  2.  to  sweeten  (a 
drink).  3.  -arsi  una  persona,  to  keep 
and  take  care  of  a  person  whether 
willingly  or  not,  e.g.  a  daughter  for 
whom  no  husband  can  be  found. 


m.  (cogn.  Span,  julepc, 
Proveng.  and  Fr.  julep,  bit.  julepus, 
late  Gr.  £v\aniov,  <  Arabic  g'olab,  < 
Persian  gulab,<gul,  rose,  Ab,  water); 
aromatic  syrup,  julep. 

*Giulecc-a  /.,    -o   m.;    dress   worn    by   galley 
slaves. 

•Giuleone  m.  ;  =  tGirellone,  three  like  cards. 

Giulia  ;  Erba  —  ,  (hot.)  sweet  maudlin,  zi. 
Erba  (56). 

Giuliette  /.  pl.\  (hot.)  Canterbury  bells,  v. 
Campanula  (i). 

Giulio  m.  ;  (hist.')  a  coin  worth  about 
half  a  franc,  first  minted  by  Pope  Julius 
II  ;  it  was  later  termed  Paolo.  *As  adj. 
=  Giulivo. 

Giulio  m.  ;  =  Gaudio,  contentment. 


Giuliv-O  (old  ¥r.jolif,>¥r.joli  and 
E.  jolly,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Jolly,  Yule)  ; 
joyous.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Giull-are  in.  (bit.  jocularis,  cp. 
Provenc,.  juglars,  Span,  juglar,  old  Fr. 
jongleur,  >  Fr.  jongleur,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Juggler);  strolling  player.  —  di  Dio, 
a  name  given  by  St  Francis  to  himself. 
Aff.  -ardsco,  -eri'a  juggler's  trade. 

Gium&lla  (Giomella)/  (L.  gemellus ; 
the  vowel  alteration  both  here  and  in 
the  cogn.  Fr.  jumeau,  twin,  is  unex- 
plained ;  for  gemellus,  v.  Gemello)  ; 
double-handful. 

Gium6nt-a  /,  -o  m.  (L.  jumentum, 
akin  to  old  L.  jouxmenta,  L.  jungere, 
jnguin,  root  ieug,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Yoke) ; 
beast  of  burden. 

*i.  woman  of  bad  life.     ii.  Legar  la  — ,  i.t.'.  to  go 
to  sleep. 

•Giunare  ;  — Digiunare,  to  fast. 

Giunca  /;  =  Giunco  (B),  Chinese 
junk. 

Giuncaia  / ;  bed  of  rushes. 

Giuncastrello  m.;  (l>ot.)  —  di  padule,  marsh 
arrow-grass,  Triglochin  palttstre. 

Giuncata  f. ;  pressed  curds  served 
up  on  a  mat  of  little  rushes,  Giunchi, 
or  on  fern,  when  it  is  called  Felciata. 
If  salted  into  cheese  it  is  called  Ravig- 
giolo.  V.  Skeat,  sub  Junket. 

Giuncheto  in. ;  i.q.  Giuncaia,  bed  of 
rushes. 

Giunchetta  f. ;    —   turchina  di    Monpellieri, 
lily-pink  of  Montpellier,  Apltyllanthi's  nwnspcliensis. 
Giunchett-ino  sub-dint.,  -o  dim.,  of  Giunco. 

Giunchfglia  /  (Span,  junquillo,  cp. 
¥r.jonquil/e,<L.  juncus, horn  its  rush- 
like  leaves);  i.  --  odorosa,  jonquil, 
Narcissus  jonqnilla.  2.  —  pagliata,= 
Girocapo,  pale  narcissus. 

Giunchiglione  in. ;  (hot.)  narcissus. 

Giunco  in.  (A)  ( L.  juncus,  for  ioini- 
co-s,  cp.  Irish  aoin,  rush  ;  Swedish  en, 
juniper,  v.  Ginepro) ;  I.  (hot.)  rush. 
2.  Cercare  ii  nodo  net  — ,  i.e.  to  make 
difficulties  where  there  are  none.  3.  Co- 
sta piu  il  —  che  la  carne,  i.e.  the  acces- 
sory is  worth  more  than  the  article, 
referring  to  an  old  mode  of  carrying 
meat  upon  rushes. 

Species:  4.  —  acuto,  sharp-flowered  jointed 
rush,  Juncns  acutifolius.  5.  — comune  da  .stoppini, 
common  rush,  Juncus  conglomeraius.  6.  — de'con- 
tadini,  soft  rush,  Juncus  effusus,  also  termed  —  da 
ricotta.  -j.  —  fiorito,  flowering  rush,  Butontus  u»i- 
bttllatus.  8.  —  delle  Indie,  rattan  cane,  Calamus 
draco,  also  termed  Canna  d'  India.  9.  —  marino, 
(a)  hooded  mat-weed  or  esparto  grass,  Lygeum 
spartum,  also  termed  Alfa,  Sparto,  Lagrime  sal- 
vatiche,  (t>)  sea  club-rush,  Scirpns  maritintiis. 
10.  —  moscarino,  broad-leaved  blysmus,  Blysinns 
compfcssns.  ii.  —  nero  di  padule,  black  bog-rush, 
Schaenus  nigricans.  12.  —  del  Nilo,  Egyptian 
paper-rush,  Cypents  fafyt-us,  also  termed  Papiro 
egiziano.  13.  —  nodoso,  goose  corn,Jttncits  sqttar- 
rffsus,  of  N.  America.  14.  —  odoroso,  galingale, 
Cypents  longus.  15.  —  odoroso  citrato,  aromatic 
lemon-grass,  i>.  Schinanto.  16.  —  odoroso  Indiana. 
khus-khus  plant,  AndropogoH  muricatits.  17.  — 
pungente  marittimp,  sharp  sea-rush,  Juncus  acittus. 
18.  —  da  ricotta,  v.  supra  (6).  19.  —  di  Spagna 
tenacissimo,  a  variety  of  esparto  grass,  Spanish  mat- 
grass,  Stipn  tenncissinta,  also  termed  Alfa.  20.  — 
de'stagni  or  da  stoie,  (a)  lake  rush,  Scirpus  lacustris, 
(6)  marsh  chair-maker's  rush,  Scirpus  palttdosits ; 
both  these  plants  are  also  termed  Biodo.  21.  —  da 
stoppini,  v.  supra  (5). 


(B)  (either  a  Malay  or  Chinese  word, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Junk) ;  Chinese  junk. 

Giunc6so  ;  full  of  rushes. 

Giiingere  ind.  giungo  giungi,  perf. 
giun-si  -ge"sti  -se  -gdmmo  -ge"ste  -sero, 
subj.  giunga,  part,  giunto  (L.  jungere, 
root  ieug,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Join,  Yoke) ; 

1.  to  arrive.   2.  to  overtake.    3.  to  reach  ; 
Una  fossa  che  giunge  fin  al  fossone,  a 
channel  extending  to  the   main  ditch. 
4.   —  le  mani,  to  fold   the  hands ;   Vi 
prego  a  mani  giunte,  I  pray  you  most 
earnestly,  lit.  with  clasped  hands. 

*i.   to  conduct,  D.  Inf.  19.  44.     ii.   to  overreach. 
Giungla/!;  Indian  jungle. 
Giunidre  (L.,  y.  Giuvane);  junior. 
*Giuno/!;  i.  =Giunone.     ii.  =  Aria,  air. 

GiunSney:;  Juno.  II  messo  di  — ,  Iris,  the 
rainbow.  Uccello  di  — ,  the  peacock.  —  inferna, 
Proserpine. 

Giunonio  ;  of  Juno.     La -a  vergine,  Iris. 

Giunta  /  (A)  (Hal.  giungere) ; 
\.  addition,  extra  piece,  appendix  ; 
E  piu  la  —  che  la  derrata,  the  trim- 
mings are  more  than  the  article.  2.  A, 
or  Di  prima  — ,  =  A  prima  vista,  at  first 
sight.  3.  at  billiards  or  in  a  race,  start, 
handicap.  4.  (artil.)  block,  Fr.  echan- 
tignolle.  5.  (mar.)  —  longitudinale,= 
Comento,  seam  ;  --  trasversale,  =  In- 
testatura,  butt.  6.  =  Giunto,  joint  (in 
machinery). 

(B)  (Span,  junta,  <  bit.  juncta,  <  L. 
jungere)  ;  i.  board  of  management. 

2.  examination   board,   e.g.   at   a   uni- 
versity. 

*i.  =  Giuntura,  joint,     ii.  arrival,  D.  Inf.  24.  45. 

Giunt-are  (an  intensive  formed  from 
Giunto,  it.  Giungere  *ii) ;  I.  to  trick, 
cheat.  2.  (Cavallo)  -ato  corto,  lungo, 
short  or  long  in  the  pasterns.  3.  - 
due  madieri,  to  butt  a  plank  against 
another,  v.  Giunta  (5). 

*  i.  =  Congiungere,    to   unite,     ii.  =  Giungere,    to 
arrive,     fiii.    (boot}!!.)  to  finish. 

Giuntat6r-e  tn.,  -a  f.\  cheat,     tboot-closer. 

Giunt-erdlla  /  ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 
Giunterla  / ;  cheating. 

Giuntina  /  ;  i.  dim.  Giunta. 
2.  edition  published  by  the  Giunti, 
celebrated  printers  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  who  had  presses  in  several 
cities  of  Italy,  France,  and  Spain, 

Giunto ;  i.  part.  Giungere.  2.  as 
s6.,  clutch,  joint ;  (a)  —  a  briglia,  a 
labbro,  a  flange,  flanged  coupling ;  (b)  — 
a  cannocchiale,  telescope  joint;  (c)  —  a 
compensazione,  expansion-joint ;  (d)  — 
ad  anelli,  double  ring-joint  ;  (e)  —  a 
frizione,  clutch  coupling ;  (/)  -  -  a 
ginocchiera,  =  Nocella,  ball  and  socket 
joint ;  (g)  —  ad  innesto,  engaging  and 
disengaging  gear. 

*i.  =Scoperto.     ii.  —  Ingannato.     iii.  =Giunteria. 

Giunt6ie  /  //. ;  two  short  ropes 
which  secure  the  yoke  on  the  necks  of 
a  pair  of  oxen. 

Giuntura  /;  joint.  -  a  caldo, 
welding. 

Giuoco  and  derivatives;  v.  Gioco. 
y;;  =  Giubba. 


tGiuppare;  to  play. 
*Giuppone  w.;  =  Giubbon 


GIURABBACCO— GNACCHERA 


281 


Giurabbacc-o,  -accio,  or  -one!;  excl., 
Deuce  ! 

Giuracchiare ;  to  swear  a  little. 

Giuradd-ia,  -inci,  -ina,  -iana,  -indeddina, 
or-io;  varieties  of  swearing. 

Giuram-6nto ;«. ;  solemn  oath,  -ml  o 
/«. ;  profane  oath. 

tGiurannay! ;  —  di  mari,  =  Lofio,  angler  fish. 

G-iurare  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Jury);  to 
swear. 

Giurato  in. ;  juryman. 

Giurat6ri-o ;  on  oath.  Cauzione  -a, 
sworn  bail. 

Giure  m. ;  (leg.)  law,  jurisprudence. 
Giureconsulto  m. ;  skilled  advocate. 
Giurl  m.  or  Giuria  /  ;  jury. 

Giurldic-o  ;  relating  to  law.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ita. 

Giurisdizi6n-e  /  ;  as  E.    Aff,  -ale. 

Giurisperfto  m. ;  =  Giurisconsulto, 
good  lawyer. 

Giurisprudenza/ ;  as  E.  Costante 
— ,  common  law. 

Giurista  m.;  jurist,  scientific  lawyer. 
Giuro  m.  ;  oath. 

Gius  m.  (Latinism);  law. 

"Giusarma  f.  (O.H.G.  fef-tiara,>Gam.  Gat- 
fiseri,  weeding-hook) ;  a  kind  of  battle-axe. 

Giusdicente  ///. ;  magistrate  in  the 
lower  courts. 

Giuseppe;  Joseph. 

*Giuso;  down,  v.  Gin. 

Giuspatronato  m. ;  (ecd.)  patronage 
of  a  living. 

Giusquiamo  in.  (bit.  jusquiamus,  < 
L.  hyoscyamus,  =  G  r.  UOO-K  va^os ,  <  Jr,  pig, 
Kvafios,  bean);  i.  —  bianco,  white  hen- 
bane, Hyoscyatnus  tilbus,  also  termed 
Cassilaggine,  Disturbio.  2.  --  nero, 
black  henbane,  Hyoscyamus  niger. 

Giusta  ( L.  jiixta,  near,  <  **jugista, 
ablative  of  the  supurl.  form  of  L.  j'ugfs, 
continual,  <  the  base  jug  of  jitngere,  to 
join) ;  according  to. 

Giusta-cubre  or  -cbre  m.  (Fr.  just- 
aucorps);  close-fitting  jacket. 

Giustame'nte ;  I.  justly.  2.  suitably. 
3.  exactly. 

Giustap6sto  ;  Bordato  a  — ,  (mar.) 
carvel  built,  v.  Bordato. 

Giust^zza/;  i.  v.  Giusto.  2.  (print.) 
equality  of  length  in  the  lines. 

Giustiano;  of  Giusti,  the  poet. 

Giustific-abile,  -are,  -atamente,  -ativo, 
-at6re,  -atora,  -at6rio  (i.q.  -ativo),  -atrice, 
•  azibne;  as  E. 

Giustlzia/. ;  i.  justice.  2.  police 
administration,  civil  magistracy  in  its 
executive  functions.  3.  Far  la  —  con 
1'  ascia,  or  con  1'  accetta,  to  deal  out 
rough  justice.  4.  (hist.)  Ordinamenti 
di  — ,  the  laws  made  in  Florence  by 
Giano  della  Bella,  establishing  the 
republic  on  a  democratic  basis  ;  Gon- 
faloniere  di  — ,  the  head  of  the  state  so 
established.  5.  in  /)/.,  the  lands  held 
by  the  Church  in  the  Middle  Ages. 

•  i.  —  originate,  state  of  innocence,     ii.  Andare  a 
H. 


— ,  to  go  to  execution,     iii.  in  a  monastery,  punish- 

eeling  \  _ 

Patibolo,  scaffold,    v.  Pigliare  la  —  d'uno,  to  punish 


— ,  to  go  ti 
nent  of  kn 


eeling  while  the  others  are  eating, 


him  as  he  deserves,    vi.  Rendere  la  — ,  to  undergo 
punishment. 

Giustizi-are ;  to  execute,  put  to 
death  ;  -ato,  person  executed  or  about 
to  be  executed,  t  =Giustificato. 

Giustiziere  m. ;  executioner. 

Giust-O  (L.  jnstus,<jus,  lit.  that 
which  is  fitting,  cp.  Sanskr.  yu,  to  join) ; 
i.  just,  fair.  2.  suitable,  of  usual  size 
or  shape ;  -a  famiglia,  family  of  reason- 
able number;  A  passo  — ,  walking  at 
an  ordinary  rate  ;  Casa  di  altezza  -a, 
house  of  moderate  height ;  Naso  — , 
nose  of  an  average  size.  3.  exact ; 
Alle  dieci  -e,  exactly  at  ten  o'clock  ; 
(Vivanda)  -a  di  sale,  with  just  the  right 
amount  of  salt.  4.  E  -a,  for  -a  cosa,  it 
is  proper,  right. 

As  adv. :  5.  i.q.  Appunto,  accurately. 

6.  just ;  —  volevo  scendere,  I  was  just 
going  to  get  down  ;  Pensavo  —  a  te, 
you  were  just  the  person  I  was  thinking 
about ;  Finisco  —  in  questo  momento, 
I  am  just  this  moment  done  ;  —  quel 
che  cercavo,  just  what  I  was  looking  for. 

7.  -    — ,  by  way  of  denial;  -    — ,  lui 
vile  ?  steady  ;  surely  you  would  not  call 
him  a  cad  ?    *As  prep.  =  Giusta. 

*  Gl aba  f. ;  cutting  of  a  plant,  for  transplanting. 

Glaciale  (L.,  r-.  Diaccio);  as  E. 

Glacitare  ;  of  a  wild  ass,  to  bray. 

Gladiat6r-e  m.  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -io. 

Glandul-ay:  (L.  glans,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gland); 
gland. 

Aff.  -are  adj.,  -etta,  -ina  dints.,  -iforme, 

G!andul-6so;  i.  /'. q.  -iforme.     2.  =  Gangoloso. 

GlareolayT;^  Pernice  di  mare,  pratincole. 

Glar6nayl;  the  Swiss  canton  of  Gtarus. 

Glasto,  Glastro  m.  (L.,  <  Celtic)  ;  woad,  v. 
Guado. 

Glauco  (L.,<Gr.  yAau*cds);  i.  sea-green.  2.  as 
sf>.t  blue  shark,  Carckarias glaucits. 

*Glave  m.  (L.  rladius) :  =  Pesce  spada,  sword- 
fish. 

Gleba  /  (L.,  root  gel,  to  ball  to- 
gether) ;  clod. 

Gli  ;  i.  ;//.  pi.  of  Lo,  used  before  a 
vowel,  s  impure,  z  and  gn  ;  before  an 
i  it  is  elided  ;  Gli  spauracchi,  gli  Affri- 
cani,  gli  zelanti,  gli  gnomi,  gl'  Italian!. 
But  for  emphasis  when  the  pronuncia- 
tion is  "strascicato"  elision  is  not 
necessary  ;  gli  inconvenient!  ?  quali  ? 
As  an  enclitic,  with  a  prep,  it  forms 
Agli,  Degli,  Sugli,  Negli  (in  the),  Cogli, 
Dagli. 

2.  dative  sing,  or  pi.  either  of  II  or 
Ella,  to  him,  to  her,  to  them;   Rincres- 
cendogli  m'  avverta,  let  me  know  if  this 
causes  you  inconvenience.     Sometimes 
pleonastic,  A  quelle  signore  gli  rispose 
cosi,  this  was  his  answer  to  those  ladies. 

3.  before  a  vowel  or  a  liquid  it  may 
be  accusative  pi.     Non  ce   gli  hanno 
restituiti,  they  have  not  sent  them  back 
to  us.    Similarly  after  the  particles,  Me, 
Te,  Ce,  Ne,  Ve ;  Te  gli  daranno,  they 
will  give  them  to  you. 

4.  as  nominative,  for  Egli.     Gli  c  il 
tocco,  it   is  one  o'clock ;    Gli   e  lui   il 
birbone,  he  is  a  regular  rascal ;  Gli  e  lui 
tutta  la  causa,  it  is  all  owing  to  him. 

5.  before  the  pronouns  La,  Lo,  Le, 
Li,  and  the  particle  Ne  it  becomes  Glie, 


forming  Gliela,  Glidlo,  Glife,  Glidli, 
Glidne  (or  as  two  words  Glie  la,  etc.) 
and  is  dative,  either  m.  or  f.,  sing,  or 
pi.  Glie  le  dico  io  due  paroline  in  un 
orecchio,  I  will  just  say  two  words  into 
your  ear. 

6.  Glie'ne  with  the  verbs  Dare,  Dire, 
Fare  implies  some  disagreeable  accusa- 
tive, e.g.  Botte,  Parolacce,  Arionacce  ; 
A  quella  povera  donna  glie  n'  ha  fatte 
passar  tante,  he  has  made  that  poor 
woman  put  up  with  terrible  ill-treat- 
ment. 

*  =  Li,  there.  Saragli,  will  be  there,  D.  Par. 
25-  124. 

Glicerina  /.  (Gr.);  glycerine. 

Glicin-e,  or  -o  m.;  (fat.)  Wistaria. 

Gliconico  (I..,<Gr.);  the  metre  of  Nan  /we 
fotlicitus  tune. 

Glie,  Gliela,  Gliene  ;  v.  Gli  (5,  6). 

Glifo  ni.  (Gr.);  (arch.)  v.  Triglifo. 

Glitticay.  (Gr.);  art  of  carving  precious  stones. 

Glob-ettino  sub-dim.,  -etto  dim.,  of -o. 

G16b-o  m.  (L.,  root  gel,  v.  Gleba);  globe, 
•troop.  Aff.  -osita,  -oso,  -ulare. 

Globulariay:;  (tot.)  —  turbitte,  v.  Erba(i52). 

Globul-o  m.;  globule,  v.  Globo.  Aff.  -etto 
dim. 

Glbglo  or  G16,  gib  ;  the  gurgle  of 
drinking  from  a  narrow-necked  bottle. 

G16ri-ay;  (L.,  roalgalo,  to  proclaim, 
cp.  gallus,  cock,  v.  Gallo,  B) ;  i.  glory. 

2.  (painty  a  group  of  angels  or  saints 
above  the  subject  of  the  picture.    3.  Es- 
sere  in  — ,  (pop.)  to  be  drunk ;  Alzar  la 
— ,  to  drink  freely.     4.  Aspettare  a  — , 
to  await  anxiously.     5.  Sonare  a  — ,  to 
ring  the  bells  for  a  festival.     6.  Andare 
in  — ,  (usu.  in  estasi)  to  be  greatly  de- 
lighted.    7.   as  >n/tsc.,  short  for  —  in 
excelsis,  part  of  the  Mass  ;  E  al  — ,  he 
has   come   to   the   Gloria.     8.    Provs., 

(a)  Tutti  i  salmi  finiscon   in  — ,  said 
when  a  person  keeps  repeating  himself, 
esp.    repeating   a   request    for   money  ; 

(b)  Non  tutti  i  salmi  finiscon  in  — ,  i.e. 
things  do  not  always  turn  out  as  well  as 
expected.     *  =  Vanto,  boast. 

Aff.  -arsi  to  be  proud  (of),  -ctta  dim.,  -ficare, 
-ficativo,  -ficatoVe,  -hcatrice,  -ficazione,  -osamente. 

Glori6s-o;  i.  z/.  Gloria.  2.  Misteri 
-i,  the  glorious  mysteries  of  the  rosary. 

3.  Esser,  Andar  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  be 
proud  of  it. 

*i.  vainglorious,  ii.  (Vino)  —  =  generoso.  iii.  = 
Orgoglioso. 

Glori-uccia  or  -uzza/f;  dim.  sprtg.  of -a. 
•Glosay. ;  note.     *Glosare  =  Chiosare. 

Gloss-ay;  (L.,  v.  Chiosa);  gloss.  Aff.  -ario, 
-ariettp  dim.,  -attire,  -etna  explanatory  phrase, 
•ografia,  -ografo. 

Gloss-ologia  f.  ;  study  of  languages.  Aff. 
-ologico. 

Gldttide/;  (anat.)  glottis. 

Glottorare;  the  note  of  the  stork. 
•Glubere  (L.,  akin   to  Gr.  vAv^u,  to  carve; 
O.H.G.  klMan,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Cleave);   to  skin. 

Glucbsio  iti.;  (chew.)  glucose,  grape-sugar. 

Gluma  /.  (L.,<fluittr,  v.  Glubere);  (tot.) 
glume,  the  outer  scales  on  the  flower  of  a  grass, 
usu.  Camerella. 

Gluteo  (Gr.  yAovros,  rump);  (atiat.)  as  E. 

Gliitin-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Glue) ; 
i.  sticky  stuff.  2.  coagulum  (of  blood). 
3.  synovial  fluid  of  a  joint.  4.  gluten 
(of  grain).  5.  cement,  in  agglutinated 
rock.  Aff.  -osita,  -6so. 

Gna  ;  /<y*-  for  Bisogna.     *=SiKnora. 

Gnacchera/;  i.  pop.  for  Nacchera, 
Castanet.  2.  in  pi.  (mar.)  =  Scalmiere, 
double  tholes. 

36 


282 


GNACCHERONE— GOLETTA 


*  Gnaccheron-e  m.t  -a /;  awkward  person. 

Gnaf&lio;«.(Gr.);(&^-)  cud  weed,  Gnaphatiuut, 
a  genus  of  everlastings. 

Gnaffe  (for  Mia  fe) ;  excl. 

Gna done  in.  (Arabic  word);  opium. 
Gnagnera    f. ;     (vulff.)  =  Prurito,     Pizzicore, 
itching. 

Gnao  or  Gnau;  the  mew  of  a  cat. 

Gnaul-are  ind.  gnaulo  ;  i.  to  mew. 
2.  of  a  baby,  to  cry. 

Ajtf.  -ata,  -ino  r>ezz.,  crying  baby,  -io/reg.  s/>., 
-one,  -ona. 

Gne  ne  or  Gnenc  (Gncle);  pap.  for  Gliene,  v. 
Gli. 

Gn^gnero  nt. :  pop.  sckerz.  for  Ingegno,  gump- 
tion. 

Gneis,  GnSsio  m.  (Germ.,<O.H  G.  gneistun, 
to  sparkle,  akin  to  A.S.  rtuist,  Icelandic  gueisli,  a 
spark) ;  gneiss,  a  stratified  rock,  composed  of  quartz, 
felspar  and  mica. 

t  Gnerimille ;  ~-  Gnoramille. 
t  Gne ve/;;  =  Neve,  snow. 

Gni;  i.  pop.  for  Gli.  2.  imit.  of  unintelligible 
lisping. 

*Gniagulare;  =  Gnaulare,  to  mew. 
tGnicchi,  Gnacchi;  p.  Nicchi,  nacchi. 

Gnidio  iii.;(bat.  )flax-leaved  daphne,  n.Erba(37). 
tGninimo;=In  ogni  modo. 

Gnocchettini  m.  pi. ;  a  kind  of  paste 
for  soup. 

Gnocchett-ino,  -o  ;  sub-dim.,  dim., 
of  Gnocco. 

Gnbcco  m.  (cogn.  Span,  iioclos, 
Bavarian  Germ.  Nocken,  <  L.  nucleus, 
v.  Nocchio) ;  i.  a  sort  of  dumpling, 
something  like  Yorkshire  pudding, 
made  from  Polenda  of  maize  or  se- 
molino,  with  butter  and  seasoning. 

2.  scherz.  blockhead.     3.   for   Rabbia, 
Stizza,  rage;  Pigliar  lo  — ,  to  get  in  a 
rage.      4.    (hist.)    Baccanale   dello  — , 
carnival  at  Verona. 

Gnoccolaro ;  Venerdi  — ,  v.  Gnocco 
(4). 

Gnoccolbne  ///. ;  dunce. 

Gnbmico  ;  sententious,  didactic. 

Gnbmo  //;.  (coined  by  Paracelsus,< 
Gr.  yvaifir))  ;  as  E. 

Gnom6n-e  m.  (Gr.) ;  i.  pointer  of 
a  sun-dial.  2.  geometrical  gnomon. 

3.  (vet.}  teeth  by  which  a  horse's  age 
is  known.     Aff.  -ica  sun-dial   making, 
-ico. 

Gnor  ;  scherz.  for  Signore.  Gnornb  ; 
=  Signore  no. 

tGnora-  or  Gnori-mille,  for  Ogn*  ora  mille. 
Gli  pareva  gnoritnille,  it  seemed  to  him  an  enormous 
time. 

*Gnoro ;  —  Ignorante. 

Gnbrri  ;  Far  lo  — ,  to  pretend  igno- 
rance. 

Gnosip ;  Cretan. 
Gnostic-ismo,  -o;  as  E. 
Gnu  ;«.;  as  E.,  Connocketes  FHU. 
tGnucca  f.\    i.  =  Nuca,  neck.      ii.  =  Ingegno, 
mind. 

Gnudo;=Ignudo,  naked. 
Gnuno;  pop.  for  Nessuno. 

tG6  m.  (fontr.  of  Gobio);  i.  =  Ghiozzo  nero, 
black  goby.  ii.  ^Scazzone,  miller's  thumb. 

Gbbba/ ;  hump,  v.  Gobbo.  Far  — , 
of  a  wall,  to  bulge. 

Gobb-accio,  -accia;  pegg.  -o,  -a. 
tGobbaio  nt.  \   purchaser  of  silk-cocoons  or  re- 
ceiver of  stolen  cocoons. 

Gobbett-ino,  -ina,  -o,  -a  dims.  vezz.  of 
Gobb-o,  -a. 

*Gobbia./:;  =  Sgorbia,  blot. 

Gobb-ino,  -ina  dint.  vezz.  -o,  -a.    *  Moneta 
-ina,  clipped  coin,  of  light  weight. 
tGobbio  w,;  =  Gozzo,  bird's  crop. 

G6bbo   (mlt.    gubbus,   akin    to   Gr. 


K<a<f>m,  blunted,  Lettish  gubl,  to  bow 
down,  from  a  root  parallel  to  that  of 
L.  gibbus,  hunchbacked)  ;  i.  hunch- 
backed. 2.  -  -  reale,  humped  both 
before  and  behind.  3.  E  come  le 
camice  de'  -i  che  tagliate  male  riescono 
bene,  it  is  like  a  hunchback's  shirt  cut 
badly  to  fit  well,  said  of  ill-disposed 
people  when  they  do  a  right  thing  out 
of  perversity.  4.  Far  da  — ,  i.q.  Far  lo 
gnorri,  v.  Gnorri.  5.  II  —  frigio,  Esop. 
6.  at  cards,  knave. 

As  sb. :  7.  scherz.  for  Gobba,  hump. 
8.  Spianare  il  — ,  or  le  costure,  =  Bas- 
tonare,  to  beat.  9.  Mettere  in  — , 
Fare  un  — ,  to  pawn.  10.  artichoke  plant 
the  leaves  of  which  have  been  buried 
in  the  ground  :  the  ribs  of  these  leaves 
become  soft  and  may  be  eaten  ;  A  chi 
lo  taglio  il  — ,  whose  hump  (artichoke 
rib)  shall  I  cut,  cry  the  street- sellers  of 
these  Gobbi.  n.  (mar.)  in  //.,  stern- 
timbers.  12.  —  rugginoso,  a  species 
of  duck,  Erismatura  leucocephala,  also 
termed  Anatra  d'  inverno.  t  =  Carpione, 
carp. 

*  Gobbola ;  v.  Gobola. 

Gobb-6ne  or  -6ni  adv. ;  like  a  hunch- 
back, -ucciaccio  dim.  pegg.,  -uccio 
dim.  vezz.,  of  -o. 

*GobeIlo    tit.    (mlt.    cupelium,    v.    Skeat,    sub 
Goblet) ;   cup. 

Gobio  m.  (L..<Gr.  «o>0ios);  =  Ghioz*o. 

*  Gobola,     Gobbola   /. ;  —  Cobola,     Provencal 
poetry. 

tGobou  ;  v.  Ghiozzo  (2,  b)  and  (4). 

Goccia  /  (L.  gutta) ;  drop. 

G6cciola  /. ;  i.  i.q.  Goccia,  of  which 
in  form  it  is  a  dim.  2.  Accidente  a  — , 
stroke  of  apoplexy.  3.  (arch.)  drop, 
pendant.  4.  ear-ring  in  shape  of  a 
drop. 

*i.    crack,  from  which  water  drips,     ii.  =Nappa, 
tassel,     iii.   in  //. ,  =  Goccioloni,  shot. 

Gocciol-are  ind.  gocciolo  ;  to  drip, 
-ato,  besprinkled. 

Gocciolatbio  w. ;  (arch)  coping,  with 
a  groove  underneath,  from  which  the 
water  may  drip. 

Gocciolatura  /  ;  dripping,  esp.  of  a 
wax  candle. 

Gocciol-6tta,  -ina,  -ino,  dims,  (-ino 
the  smallest)  of  -a. 

Gocciolio  in.;  constant  dripping. 

Gbcciolo  m. ;  drop,  in  sense  of  small 
quantity. 

Gocciol-6ne  in.  \  \.  angm.  -a.  2.  as 
adj.,  with  a  drop  at  the  tip  of  one's 
nose.  3.  silly  fellow.  4.  in  //.,  buck- 
shot. 

Gocciol-btti  HI.  pi. ;  =  -oni,  shot. 
*i.  lines  of  wax  dripped  down  a  candle, 
ii.  icicles. 

*Godendardo  in. ;  Flemish  pike. 

God-ere  or  pop.  Gbdere  ind.  godo 
perf.  -ei  or  -etti...-eYono  or  -ettero,  ////. 
-ero  or  -ro,  part,  -uto  (L.,  root  gau,  to 
rejoice,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gaud);  i.  to  re- 
joice. 2.  tr.  to  enjoy.  3.  —  le  tasse, 
to  be  exempt  from  taxes.  4.  to  receive 
advantage  ;  I  panni  godono  all'  aria 


aperta,  it  is  a  good  thing  for  clothes  to 
be  well  aired  ;  A  comprare  a  contanti 
si  gode  una  bella  ditferenza,  we  get  a 
good  discount  for  cash  ;  Che  ne  godo 
io  che,. ..what  good  is  it  to  me  that  — 
J.  Farsi  godere,  of  girls  or  coquettish 
women,  to  make  themselves  admired. 

6.  Fare  a  — ,  to  make  a  compromise 
between    a    price   asked    and    offered. 

7.  Pigliare  a  — ,  to  make  a  fool  of  a 
person  ;    O  che  m'  avete  preso  a  —  ? 
are  you  trying  to  make  a  fool  of  me  ? 

8.  Pigliare    il    mondo   a   — ,    to   take 
things   very   easily.     9.    Godersela,   to 
be  pleased  at  a  thing,   io.  Frati  godenti, 
v.  Gaudente  (2). 

AJf.  -ereccio,  delightful,  -i,  sb.  pl.,= 
Giunta,  extra  quantity,  given  away  with 
a  purchase,  -ibile,  -imento,  -10  delight, 
-itore.  i.  v.  -ere.  2.  jolly  fellow. 

Goff-aggine,  -am6nte,  -eria,  -ezza;  v.  -o. 

G6ff-o  (civ in.  unkn.)  ;  clumsy.  tAs 
s6.  =  Ghiozzo  coinune,  gudgeon.  AJf. 
-one  augm. 

G6ga;  v.  Magoga. 
tGdgio  m. ;  —  Gozzo,  bird's  crop. 

G6gna/ (It.  *gonghia)  ;  I.  pillory. 
2.  in  casting  a  gun,  the  hoop  used  to 
retain  the  core  of  the  mould  in  proper 
position. 

*Gognolino  in. ;    contemptible  person,  lit.   pil- 
loried. 

G61-a/  (L.gula,  gullet,  root  gel,  to 
swallow,  cp.  Irish  gulim,  I  swallow, 
O.H.G.  kclii,  >  Germ.  Kehle,  throat); 
i.  throat.  2.  by  extension,  gluttonous 
person.  3.  Far,  Tirar  — ,  to  excite  the 
appetite.  4.  Aver  1'  acqua  alia  — ,  to 
be  in  great  danger.  5.  Far  nodo  alia 
— ,  to  stick  in  the  throat.  6.  Far  un 
peccato  di  — ,  to  want  a  thing  badly, 
long  for  it.  7.  (geogr.)  narrow  valley, 
or,  of  the  sea,  straits.  8.  (arch.)  cynni, 
also  termed  Intavolato,  Onda,  Sima, 
Scima,  a  moulding  in  an  S-shape,  bear- 
ing some  resemblance  in  outline  to  that 
of  a  man's  throat  seen  in  profile  ;  - 
diritta,  cyma  recta;  —  rovescia,  cyina 
revt-rsa.  9.  (mar.)  (a)  —  alia  rabazza 
d'  un  albero  di  gabbia,  groove  in  the 
heel  of  a  top-mast ;  (b)  —  di  una  pu- 
leggia,  groove  of  a  sheave  ;  (c)  —  di 
una  tenda,  hole  in  an  awning,  e.g.  for 
the  mast,  "  shark's  mouth  " ;  (ei)  in  the 
hull  of  a  ship  =  Ghirlanda,  q.v. 

Aff.  -accia pegg.,  -aggine,  gluttony. 
*Gol-are,  -eggiare,  -iare;=Agognare,  to  long 
for. 

Goldoniano;  ofGoldoni,  the  comedian. 

Golena  f.  (Ital.  gola,  as  narrow 
place)  ;  mud-bank  between  a  river  and 
its  embankment. 

Goleria/;  gluttony. 

Gol4tt-a/  (A)  ( Fr.  goc'lette,  schooner, 
properly  sea-swallow,  which  has  a  plain- 
tive cry,  <  low  Breton  gwla,  to  wail,  cp. 
Fr.  godaiid,  Welsh  gii.>yliin,  sea-gull)  ; 
(mar.)  I.  fore  and  aft  schooner.  2.  - 
con  la  vela  di  parrocchetto,  topsail 
schooner.  3.  —  con  vele  quadre,  or 
con  gabbia  e  parrocchetta,  two-topsail 
schooner.  4.  —  a  palo,  three-masted 
schooner. 

(B)   (dim.   Gola) ;    i.    v.   Gola  (2). 


GOLETTO— GONNELLA 


283 


2.  lady's  embroidered  collar.    3.  -v.  Gola 
(7).     4.  -v.  Gola  (8). 

*i.  necklace,  ii.  priest's  collar,  iii.  a  part  of 
the  helmet  which  fitted  on  to  the  visor,  iv.  =  Gola, 
throat. 

Aff.  .accia  pfgg. ,  -ina  dim.  vesz. 

Gole'tto  m. ;  i.  =  Solino,  shirt-collar. 
2.  a  wide  collar  stiffened  with  whale- 
bone formerly  in  vogue. 

Golett-6ne  m.  •  augm.  -o  ( i )  or  the 
person  wearing  it. 

Golfar-e  ni.\  (tnar.)  i.  —  a  chiavarda,  eye- 
bolt.  2.  in  //.,  -i  delta  spalla  del  timone,  horns  of 
the  rudder. 

Golfaretto  in.;  —  a  puma,  small  eye-bolt. 

Gdlib  (Colfo)  m.  (mlt.  colfus,  <  late 
Gr.  Ko\<t>os  for  Gr.  KII\WOS,  bosom) ;  gulf. 
A  —  lanciato,  on  the  high  seas. 

*i.  centre,  ii.  fig.  Abbondanza.  iii.  as  adj.= 
Stretto,  confined,  iv.  =  Spedito,  Pronto,  v.  =  Su- 
perbo,  Gonfio. 

Goliardo  (It.  goliare);  i.  travelling- 
scholar  of  a  medieval  u  n  i  versity.  2.  merry 
wag. 

*  Goliare ;  =  Golarc. 

Golfno  m. ;  pinch  in  the  throat  given 
with  the  thumb  and  first  finger. 

*  Goliare  ;=  Ingollare,  to  swallow. 

tG61o;  i.  =Goioso,  greedy,  ii.  as  *^.,=Volo, 
flight,  iii.  =  Grouuione,  bee-eater. 

Golos-accio  pegg.,  -amente,  -erla,  -{no 
dim.  jvzz.,  -ita;  v.  -o. 

Gol6so  (L.gulosus,  v.  Gola) ;  greedy. 
Golpato;  mildewed. 

Gdlpe  f.  (var.  of  Volpe)  ;  blight,  in 
wheat. 

*  Golp-eggiare,  -one;  v.  Volp-. 
*Gomareccio;  —  Grumereccio,   second   crop   of 

hay. 

'Gomberuto ;  — Gobbo. 

Gombina  or  Gombina  (Combina)/  ; 
thong  of  a  flail. 

*i.  =  Laccio,  fastening,     ii.  =  Porca,  ridge. 

f.tym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  L.  acumina,  pi.  of 
acumen,  point,  the  end  of  a  rope  being  taken  for 
the  whole,  with  aphaeresis  of  the  initial  a,  and 
insertion  of  a  b,  as  in  Gombito  for  Gomito. 

tGomb-itare,  -itata,  -ito;  pop.  for  Gom-itnre, 
etc. 

Gombo  /tt.;  bed-pile  in  a  powder-mill. 

tGombugl-io  or  -iolo  m.;  something  awkward, 
in  the  way. 

G6men-a  (Gumena,  Gumina)  f.  ; 
cable,  or  as  a  measure,  cable's  length. 
Aff.  -e^ta  dim. 

Etym.  unkn.  The  suggestions  are  (i)  L. 
acumina,  v.  Gombina;  (2)  ** ligumina<\,.  ligare', 
(3)  Arabic  gomal,  rope. 

*Gomerale  or  Gomitale  m.\  cubit. 

tGom-ero  or  -iero  m.,  -era  or  -iera/I;  =  Vo- 
mere,  plough-share. 

*  Gomire  ;  =  Vomitare,  to  vomit. 
*Gomitariay^;  (bot.)  wood-spurge,  v.  Erba  (67). 

Gomitata  / ;  i.  shove  with  the 
elbow.  2.  Fare  una  —  =  Far  gomito, 
•v.  Gomito  (3). 

G6mit-0  (Gombito)  m. ;  with  //.  m. 
-i,  or  //.  /.  -a  (corr.  <  L.  cubitus,  -v. 
Cubito) ;  i.  elbow.  2.  Alzare  il  — , 
i.e.  to  drink  too  freely.  3.  Far  — ,  of 
a  road  or  river,  to  make  a  sharp  bend. 

4.  Fatto  colle  -a,  (work)  done  hastily. 

5.  Pagare,  Ragionare  colle  -a,  to  be  a 
bad  payer,  reasoner.     6.   (Dolore)  del 
— ,  i.e.  insignificant.    7.  Prov.  Gli  occhi 
si  stuzzicano  colle  -a,  eyes  are  to  be 
stimulated    by   elbows,    i.e.   sore    eyes 
should  not   be  rubbed.     8.    Entrare  in 
un  affare  colle  -a,  to  be  sure  that  the 


business  is  going  to  be  profitable.  9.  — 
di  un  asse,  di  un  albero,  crank  of  a 
shaft.  Aff.  -oldtto,  -oli'no  dims. 

Gomitol-O  m. ;  ball  or  skein,  of  wool, 
or  other  fibre. 

*  i.  =  Raggiro,  artifice,      ii.    Avvolger  i  -i,  -  Far 
giudizio. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Lucca  dial,  ghiomo,  Venetian 
gemo,  Neapolitan  gliommero,  Sardinian  loml'tiru, 
Lombard  gamisfl,  Provenc.  glomicel,  shewing  that 
Gomitolo  is  a  dim.  form  based  upon  L.  glomus,  root 
gel,  to  ball,  ?'.  Gleba. 

G6mma/  (L.,  <Gr.  KU^I,  prob.  of 
Egyptian  origin)  ;  i.  gum.  2. 
eiastica,  india-rubber.  3.  -  -  gotta, 
gamboge.  4.  Albero  da  -  gotta, 
gamboge  tree,  of  which  ihere  are 
several  species,  belonging  to  the  genus 
Carci/iiit. 

Gommagutte;  ?'.  Gomma  (3),  (4). 
Gommalacca  f.\  gum  copal. 
Gommarabica/;;  gum  arabic. 

Gommato;  i.  =  Ingommato.  2.  Abito 
— ,  mackintosh. 

*Gommaut;  =  Comma  gotta,  gamboge. 

Gomm-ifero,  -osita,  -dso;  ?•.  -a. 
*Gomona./;  — Gomena,  cable. 
'Gonda/;  {etym.  unkn.',   Diez  suggests  deriva- 
tion <  Gr.    KOVOV,    drinking-cup,    which    is    prob.    a 
Persian  word,  from  the  shape);  some  kind  of  boat. 

G6ndol-ay;  {dim.  Gonda);  the  Venetian  boat. 
Aff.  -are  vb.,  to  scull,  -etta  -ina  dims,  vezz.,  -icre. 
•Gonfalonata/?;  company  under  one  flag. 

Gonfal6ne  (Confalone)  ;«. ;  i.  flag, 
banner.  2.  Tenere,  Portare  il  — ,  to  be 
the  acknowledged  head,  e.g.  of  con- 
temporary poets. 

Etym.    Cogn.  Provenc.  gottfanos,  Fr.  gonfam^t, 

Span,  coitfalon,  Portug.  goiifatao,<Q. H.G.  rniid- 
/am,,  cp.  A.S.  gildh/ana.  The  O.H.G.  word  is  a 

compound  ;  gitntt  or gundja  is  cogn.  to  A.S.  gudtiia, 
gudh,  Gothic  gunths,  war,  Sanskr.  ghntas,  slaughter, 

Lith.  ginczas,  fight,  root  han  or  ghan,  to  strike  ; 
fatto  is  represented  in  Germ,  by  Fatine,  flag,  v.  infra, 

Panno,  and  Skeat,  sub  Vane. 

Gonfalonier-ato  m. ;  office  of  -e. 

Gonfalonier-e  m.  ;  i.  standard- 
bearer.  2.  —  di  Giustizia,  the  head  of 
the  Signoria  in  the  Florentine  republic. 
3.  -i  di  compagnia,  the  presidents  of 
the  boards  which  ruled  the  Florentine 
guilds.  4.  —  della  Chiesa,  champion 
of  the  Church  in  its  quarrels  with  the 
Emperor.  5.  in  Tuscany,  prior  to  1859, 
mayor. 

Gonfia  m. ;  glass-blower. 
Gonfiaggine  /  ;  feeling  of  repletion. 
Gonfiagi6ne  f.  ;  =  Enfiagione,  swell- 


ing. 

Gonfl-amdnte ;  turgidly,  -am^nto 
m. ;  v.  -are. 

Gonfianuvoli  or  pop.  Gonflanugoli 
m. ;  blatant  ass. 

Gonfi-are  ind.  gonfio  (L.  conftare, 
•v.  Flato);  I.  to  blow  up,  fill  with  air. 
2.  by  ext.  to  produce  swelling,  or  intr. 
to  be  swollen,  by  other  means.  3.  fig. 
to  fill  with  pride.  4.  =Seccare,  to  bore 
or  intr.  to  feel  annoyance ;  t  un  pezzo 
che  gonfio,  l;isciatemi  stare,  I  have  had 
too  much  of  this  for  a  long  time,  do  let 
me  alone.  5.  to  exaggerate  an  incident. 

6.  Gonfia !  as  an  interjection  ;  Stava  11 
a  importunarlo,  a  stuzzicarlo,  e  hii  gonfia 
uno  schiaffo!  he  kept  on  bothering  and 
worrying  till  he  gave  him  a  good  smack  ! 

7.  Gonfia,  gonria,  =  LJopo  tanto  soppor- 


tare  ;  Gonfia  gonfia  alia  fine  glie  ne  disse 
un  sacco  e  una  sporta,  at  last  when  he 
could  stand  it  no  longer  he  opened  his 
mouth  and  fairly  let  fly  at  him.  8.  Sta 
zitto  e  gonfia,  of  one  who  is  preparing 
some  great  surprise,  esp.  scherz.  of  a 
pregnant  woman.  9.  Tre  miglia  gonfi- 
ate,  three  miles  and  more. 

Aff.  -atdio  blower,  e.g.  for  a  football ;  -atore ; 
-atnra;  -etlmo  sub-dim,  -etto  dim.  of  -o;  -ezza;  -o 
swollen  or  as  sb.  swelling  ;  -onaccio  or  -onaccia  nugm. 
P?gg. :  -one  or  -6na  i.  spreg.  fat,  puffy  person. 
2.  sulky  person.  3.  vain  person  ;  -ore  slight  swell- 
ing; *-otto  swimming-bladder,  life-belt ;  -uccio  <fl"w. 
of  -o. 

Gonfosi  f.  (Gr. ,  <  yow^os,  bolt);  (anat.)  im- 
movable articulation. 

Gonga  (Gongola)/;  i.  swollen  gland 
in  the  neck,  or  the  scar  resulting  there- 
from, v.  Gangola.  2.  person  with  such 
glands  or  marks,  scrofulous  person. 

Etym.  Probably  <  L.  concha,  ~  Gr.  KOV^IJ, 
cockle-shell,  Gongola  being  the  dim.  Hut  possibly 
Gongola  is  the  primary  word  of  the  two,  as  a  variant 
of  Gangola,<L.  glanditla,  and  Gonga  a  back  forma- 
tion from  it. 

•Gonghia/  (etym.  dnb.;  perhaps <  Span,  ar- 
golla,  <  Arabic  gallon,  iron  ring,  with  the  Arabic 
article) ;  =  Gogna,  pillory,  strictly,  iron  collar. 

Gdngola/T  (A)  (L.  conckula,  dim.,  v.  Gonga); 
cockle  or  mussel-shell,  Cardium  or  Mytilus.  *(B); 
=  Gonga. 

Gongolare  ind.  gongolo  (A) ;  to  be 
greatly  delighted. 

Etym.  unkn.  Perhaps  a  reduplication  of  the 
first  syllable  of  Godere,  cp.  Fr.  A  gogo,  to  which 
Littre  attributes,  under  reserve,  a  similar  origin. 
But  it  may  be  <  Gongola,  shell,  since  Uu  Cange 
gives  a  quotation  showing  that  these  shells  were 
used  in  some  game,  Nfmini  liceat  ludere...ad  gon. 
galas  infra  burgos  Avillianitie  (Statutes  of  Avella, 
A.D.  1496). 

t(B)  =  Sguazzare,  to  be  immersed  in  a  liquid. 

Gongdne  »*.  (It.  gonga);  i.  person 
with  swollen  glands.  2.  swelled  face 
from  tooth-ache. 

*  Dare  un  — ,  (a)  to  give  a  blow  in  the  face,  (b)  to 
puff  the  cheeks  and  knock  them  in,  as  a  gesture  of 
contempt. 

Gongor-ismo  m.;  Gongora  was  a  Spanish 
poet  of  the  i6th  century  noted  for  affected  conceits. 
Aff.  -ista. 

Gongdso ;  with  swollen  glands,  v. 
Gonga. 

Gdngro  m.  ;  =  Grongo,  conger  eel. 
Gongrdne  m.  •  =  Gongone. 

*Goniglia/^;  Spanish  frilled  collar. 

Goniometr-ia,  -ico,  -o(Gr.);  angle  measure- 
ment, etc. 

G6nn-a  /;  i.  poet,  for  Gonnella. 
2.  In  D.  Par.  26.  72  —  seems  to  be  a 
rendering  of  L.  tunica,  referring  to  the 
successive  layers  of  membrane  over 
the  eye.  3.  —  frale,  for  the  human 
body  or  skin  (Petrarch).  So  in  Ariosto 
of  animals'  skins,  Orl.  Fur.  17.  57,  Noi 
altri  dentro  a  nostre  -e  piatti,  we  hidden 
by  the  skins  we  wear. 

Gonn&ll-a  /  (dim.  <  mlt.  gunna,  of 
Celtic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Gown) ;  skirt, 
petticoat. 

*i.    Mntar   —  =  Voltar  casacca,   to   change  one's 
opinions,     ii.    —  mortale,  the  human  Ixxly. 

Aff.  -accia  pcgg.,  -e"tta  or  -ina  dim., 
-fno  dim.,  child's  petticoat,  -o  petticoat 
for  a  child,  a  doll,  or  the  image  of  a 
saint,  -6na  i.  augm.  of  -a.  2.  woman 
always  gadding  about,  -6ne  I.  augm.  of 
-a.  3  priest's  or  monk's  skirt.  4.  person 
in  a  big  overcoat,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

36-2 


284 


GONZO— GRADINATURA 


G6nzo  m. ;  simpleton. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Roumanian  giinscc,  goose,  Span. 
ganso,  goose,  both  ///.  and^/^.^O.H.G.  ganazzo, 
gander,  a  masculine  derivative  of  O.H.G.  gans,  cp. 
Skeat,  sub  Gannet,  Goose,  Gander. 

G6ra  /.  (O.H.G.  ivuori,  dam,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Weir) ;  i.  conduit,  irriga- 
tion canal.  2.  mill-pond.  3.  trench. 

4.  stream,    e.g.,    of   blood    or    sweat. 

5.  mark  of  a  stain  not  perfectly  taken 
out.      6.     La    morta    — ,    the    Stygian 
marsh  of  Dante's  Inferno. 

*Goraio  ;;/. ;  the  deepest  part  of  a  Gora. 
tGorare:  to  trickle. 

Gorata  f. ;  the  water  of  a  conduit. 
t=Gugliata. 

G6rbia_/  (cogn.  Span,  gubia,  modern 
frovfM^.gubio,  Fr.  gouge ;  <  bit.  ** gubia, 
cp.  gui'ia  in  Isidore,  perhaps  akin  to 
gubbus,  i'.  Gobbo);  I.  — ,  or  Sgorbia, 
gouge,  hollow  chisel.  2.  socket  of  a 
tool.  3.  spike  at  the  end  of  a  walking- 
slick.  4.  (vet.)  a  tumour  in  the  thigh. 

*i.  metallic  tube.     ii.  point  of  an  arrow. 

*Gordo  (cogn.  Provenc.  sort,  hard,  Fr.  gourd, 
hard,  Span.  gonio,  big,  gurdo,  stupid,  all  <  late  L. 
gjirdus,  akin  to  Or.  fyjafius,  slow) ;  big. 

Gorell-ina  or  -mo  siil'-iliiits.,  -o  dint.,  of 
Gora. 

Gorfale  in. ',  (.mar.}  eye-bolt,  a  kind  of  staple. 
—  per  barbetta,  ring-bolt  for  a  painter. 

*Gorga  J.',  i.  =  Strozza.  ii.  =  Gorgo.  tiii.  = 
Gorgia. 

*  Gorgagliata  f. ;  —  Chiacchierata,  chatter. 

Gorgata  /  ;  =  Sorsata,  draught, 
drink. 

Gorg6r-a/ ;  v-  Gorgiera.  Aff. -6\te, 
-In a,  dims. 

Gorgheggi-are  ind.  gorgheggio  (It. 
gorga,  v.  Gorgia);  to  trill,  or  of  birds, 
to  warble.  *of  the  bowels,  to  rumble. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -io,  -io_/>v^. 

Gbrgia  /  (cogn.  Proven?,  gorga, 
gorja,  Fr.  gorge  ;<L.  purges,  a  whirl- 
pool, also  later,  the  throat);  strong 
guttural  pronunciation,  csp.  of  the 
letter  R. 

*i.  —  Stro/za,  throat,  ii.  in  //.  (mus.)  a  trilled 
passage,  tiii.  =Ambizione,  1'iacere. 

Gorgiera  or  Gorgera/;  i.  frilled 
collar.  2.  armour  for  the  neck,  gorget. 

*  i.  throat,     ii.  cover  for  a  pot. 
*Gorgione  in.;  heavy  drinker. 

G6rgO  m.  (L.  gurges,  v.  Gorgia); 
whirlpool. 

Gorgogli-are  ind.  gorg6glio  (L. 
"iirgitlio,  windpipe,  akin  to  gurges,  v. 
'Skeat,  sub  Gargle) ;  i.  to  gurgle.  2.  to 
rumble.  *to  be  infested  with  maggots. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Gorgoglio  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Gorgogliare. 

Gorgogli6ne  m.  (L.  fwn.W/V>);=Punternolo, 
weevil. 

Gorgone  iir.,  or  f.;  (Gr.  mythol.')  Gorgon,  esf. 
Medusa. 

Gorgozzule  m.  (prob.  combined 
from  It.  Gorga  and  Gozzo) ;  scherz. 
gullet. 

Gor-icinayl;  dim.  -a. 

Gorilla  m.;  as  E.  The  word  was  originally 
North  African,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc. 

*Gornay^;  i.  =  Gora,  channel,  ii.  Far — ,  =  Far 
grembo. 

G6rno ;  Capone  — ,  grey  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5). 
Goro  m.  ;  —  Grottaione,  bee-eater. 
'  Gorra_/!  (Span,  gorra,  perhaps<  Basque  gorria, 
red);  i.   a  species  of  willow,     ii.  a  kind  of  hat. 
*Gorzaretto  m.  ;  =  Gorgeiina,  gorget. 


G6t-a/;  cheek. 

*i.  cheek. piece  of  a  helmet,  ii.  Cappuccio  a -e, 
hood  falling  over  the  cheeks,  iii.  Esserc  or  Stare 
in  -e,  to  be  reserved. 

Ji  triii.  nnkn.  The  usual  derivation, <i,.gabata, 
bowl,  is  doubted  by  Rotting,  who  attributes  the 
word  to  a  form  "gafta,  akin  to  O.H.G.  gellita, 
vessel  for  holding  liquids. 

Aff.  -accia /<'££•.,  -ata  blow  on  the  cheek. 

Gotazza^;  v.  Gottaz/a. 

G6tico;  Gothic. 

Got-ina/  dim.  vczz.  of  Gota,  -6na/  augm., 
-6ne  in.  extra  augm.,  very  large  cheek. 

G6tta  /  (L.  gtitta,  a  drop,  the 
disease  having  been  attributed  to  a 
defluxion  of  humours) ;  i.  gout.  2.  - 
serena,  gutta  serena,  a  form  of  blind- 
ness in  which  the  appearance  of  the 
eye  is  unchanged. 

*i.  —  caduca,  epilepsy,  ii.  —  s;ilsa,  or  rosata, 
-  Foco  volatico.  iii.  —  del  lino,  —  Carpaterra, 
dodder,  iv.  =  Goccia,  drop. 

*  Gottare;  i.  —  Aggottare,  to  bale.    ii.  to  sprinkle. 

Gottazza  (Gotazza)/.  (mar.)  skeet, 
scoop,  a  kind  of  shovel  on  a  long 
handle  for  throwing  water  on  the  side 
of  a  ship. 

Gbtto  in.  (L. . guttus,  dropping-glass, 
<  gutta);  i.  goblet,  large  glass. 
2.  (mar.)  — ,  or  Mortaletto,  clella 
pom  pa,  lower  pump-box.  *  =  Gottazza, 
scoop,  t —  dell'  argana,  =  Cantiere  del- 
1'  argano,  saucer  or  socket  of  the  capstan. 

Gott6so;  gouty. 

Got-ucciaor  -uzza/T;  dim.  vczz.  Gota. 
Govern-abile;  as  K.     -accio/<sy.  of-o. 
*Governale  w.;  =  Timone,  rudder. 
Governance  f. ;  governess. 

Govern-are  ind.  governo  (L.  guber- 
nare,  <  Gr.  Kvfiepvaw,  to  steer,  cp.  Lith. 
kutnbriti,  to  steer);  i.  =  Guidare,  to 
guide,  direct.  2.  to  govern.  3.  to  look 
after,  e.g.,  cattle  or  children.  4.  —  il 
vino,  to  treat  wine,  in  respect  to  colour, 
strength,  etc.  5.  to  manure  land.  6.  to 
steer. 

Aff.  -ativo,  -atora,  -atorato  governorship,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atura  (in  senses  3  and  4  of -are),  -ime  fodder, 
-ino  (/////.  of  -o,  government  of  a  small  country. 

Gov6rn-ow. ;  i. government.  2. steer- 
ing. 3.  management;  Pervostro — ,  as 
your  guide.  4.  v.  -are  (4).  5.  manure. 

Aff.  -uccio,  -ucolo,  -ucciaccio  dims.  sj>reg.  of 
•o  (i). 

*Govito  in. ;  cubit. 

*Govone  »/.;  =  Cercine  del  giogo. 

Gozzaia  f. ;  i .  contents  of  the  crop. 
2.  abscess. 

'inveterate  hatred. 

Gozzante  m. ;  sailor  in  charge  of  a  Gozzo, 
q.T.  (4). 


Entrare   in    — 


Gozzata  / ;  gulp. 

*Gozzina    /;    i.    Gozzaia.     ii. 

<V  ima  cosa,  =  Slizzirsene. 

Gozzino  ;/;. ;  i.  dim.  Gozzo.  2.  = 
Golino,  pinch. 

*Gozzivaio  m. ;  some  species  of  cricket. 

Gozzo  ;/;.  (prob.  for  ** gargozzo,< 
an  imit.  base  garg  for  the  noise  of 
gurgling,  7'.  Skeat,  sub  Gargle);  I.  crop 
of  a  bird.  2.  goitre.  3.  double  chin. 

4.  a  kind  of  small  fishing-smack,  em- 
ployed in  the  tunny  fishery,  so  called 
from  being  narrow  at  both  ends  and 
wide  in  the  middle  like  a  bird's  crop. 

5.  a   kind   of  water-bottle   with    long, 
narrow  neck. 

Gozzone  ;«.;   i.  augm.  Gozzo.     2.== 


Lattone,    slap.      3.    (mar.)    the    slight 
arching  given  to  the  deck. 

Gozzovlgli.-a  /  ;  revelling.  Aff. 
-are,  -ata. 

Etym.  I/lit'.  It  may  be  akin  to  an  old  Fr. 
group  of  words,  goder  (>  Fr.  godailltr),  to  carouse, 
godon,  pretty  fellow,  and  others,  attributed  by 
Korting  to  a  Celtic  stem  got,  seen  in  old  Irish 
gothimm,  Welsh  godineb,  debauchery ;  Diez  refers 
it  to  Gozzo -r- Veglia,  Caix  to  t..  gaudibiliu,  like 
Meraviglia  <  mirabilia. 

Gozzuto ;  with  a  goitre. 

•Grabato  m.  (L.);  bed. 

•Gracchia   /;     i.    jackdaw.      tii.  =  Tabella 
clapper. 

Gracchi-are;  i.  to  croak,  as  a 
raven.  2.  to  chirp,  as  a  grasshopper. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -ata,  -at6re,  -at6ra. 

Gracchio  m.,  pi.  Gracchii ;  croaking. 

Gracchio  m.,  pi.  Gracchi  (L.  gracu- 
/its,  of//;;//,  origin);  I.  Alpine  jackdaw, 
1'yrrhocorax  alpinus,  also  termed  Corvo 
piccolo,  Pirrocorace  alpino.  2.  — coral- 
lino,  alpino,  alpigino  or  forestiero, 
chough,  Pyrrhocorax  graculus.  Both 
species  are  also  termed  Coracia. 

Gracchi61a/;  =  Taccola.  jackdaw. 
*  Gracchione  m. ;  i.  chatterer,    tii.  =*Tabellone. 
*Graccio  or  Gracculo  »/.;  =  Gracchio. 

Gracid-are  ind.  gracido  (L.  gracil- 
lare,  to  cackle,  as  hens,  of  imit.  origin) ; 
to  croak,  as  frogs.  *to  cackle,  as  geese. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -vafreq. 

Gracil-e  (cogtt.  Fr.  grtle,  slim,<L. 
gracilis);  i.  delicate.  2.  slim.  3.  fig. 
Ingegno  — ,  slender  intelligence. 

Aff.  -etto  -ino  dim.,  -it:i. 

Gracimol-are  ind.  graci'molo ;  to 
glean,  7'.  -o. 

Graclmolo  m.  (pop.  for  Racimolo) ; 
i .  bunch  of  grapes  left  on  a  vine  after 
harvest.  2.  little  cluster  of  grapes  on 
one  of  the  secondary  stalks  of  a  bunch  ; 
hence  3.  small  part  of  anything. 

tGraciolo  m. ;  —  Granello,  Briciolo. 
Gracolayl;  grackle,  Indian  starling,  Crracultt. 

*GradayC;  i.~GraticoIa,  gridiron,  ii.  ^Grado, 
Scaglione,  step.  iii.  =Grado,  degree,  dignity. 

*Gradaggio  tit.;  pleasure. 

*Gradare;  i.  to  be  divided  into  compartments 
or  steps,  ii.  =Graduare. 

Gradass-ata  /  ;  bluster,  -o  m. ; 
blusterer. 

Etym.  Gradasso  was  the  name  of  one  of  the 
heroes  of  the  poems  of  chivalry ;  it  may  have  been 
formed  from  the  stem  of  L.  gradior,  as  the  man  who 
steps  forward,  with  a  suffix  -asso  taken  like  -accio 
from  L.  -aceiis. 

Grad-atame'nte ;  step  by  step.  -azi6ney^; 
as  E. 

tGradel-a  or  -ato  m.;  (>«<ir.)=Grata,  grating. 

*GradellayC;  cage  made  of  canes,  for  fish. 

'Gradetto  m.;  (arcA.)=  Listello,  fillet. 

Grad^vol-e;  pleasing.  Aff.  -£zza, 
-me'nte. 

*  Gradiccia  y?;  =  Graticcio. 

Gradim^nto  ;/;. ;  gratification.  Se 
non  e  il  lavoro  di  suo  — ,  if  the  work  is 
not  done  to  your  satisfaction. 

Gradina/;  i.  graving-tool.  2.  mark 
of  the  tool. 

Gradiu-are  ind.  gradino;  to  tool, 
7'.  -a. 

*  to  give  the  right  degree  of  cooking  to  a  thing. 

Gradiiiata  /  ;  flight  of  steps. 

Gradin-atura/ ;  i.  7'. -are.  2.  mark 
of  the  tool. 


GRADING— CRAMPING 


285 


Gradino  m.;  \.  step  leading  up  to 
an  altar  or  encircling  a  monument. 
2.  =  Gradina,  chisel. 

Grad-ire  ind.  -isco  (v.  Grade,  B)  ; 
i.  to  receive  with  favour;  Se  -ite  un 
po'  del  mio  marsala  ve  ne  do  volen- 
tieri,  if  you  will  accept  some  of  my 
Marsala  I  shall  be  very  pleased  to  give 
it  to  you  ;  Ho  -ito  assai  il  vostro  regalo, 
I  was  delighted  to  receive  your  present  ; 
Adulazioni  che  non  -isco,  flatteries 
which  I  do  not  like  to  receive;  -isca, 
or  Si  degni  -ire,  pray  accept  ;...Un 
gocciolino  per  —  ,  take  a  drop  of  this 
to  oblige  me  ;  Voler  —  d"  una  cosa,  to 
take  some  of  it  ;  S'  era  a  tavola,  venne 
Gigi,  e  voile  —  anche  lui,  we  had  sat 
down  to  table,  when  up  came  Gigi  and 
had  some  too  ;  Ho  -ito  molto  la  sua 
visita,  I  was  very  pleased  at  your  call  ; 
-irk  la  tua  venuta,  a  visit  from  you  will 
be  very  welcome.  2.  to  wish  ;  -irei 
potergli  comunicare  le  mie  idee,  I 
should  be  glad  if  I  could  communicate 
my  ideas  to  him  ;  -irei  di  sapere  chi  gli 
ha  dato  ordine  di  venir  qua,  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  who  told  him  to  come 
here.  3.  of  food,  to  be  agreeable  ; 
Pietanza  che  mi  -isce  ma  che  non 
digerisco,  a  thing  1  like  but  cannot 
digest.  4.  part,  -ito,  agreeable;  Mai 
-ito,  unpleasant. 

*i.  =  Ricompensare.  ii.  Te  ne  -iranno  poco,  they 
will  feel  little  gratitude  to  you  for  it.  iii.  =  Render 
grazioso  a  se.  iv.  =  Metter  in  grado.  v.  —  una 
cosa  a  uno,  to  do  it  for  the  purpose  of  obliging  him. 
vi.  Cuor...non  fu  mai...a  rendersi  a  Dio  con  tutto  il 
suo  —  cotanto  presto,  heart.  ..never  was  ready.  ..to 
give  itself  to  God  with  such  entire  willingness,  D. 
Far.  10.  57.  vii.  At  Purg.  24.  61,  if  -ire  is  the 
right  reading  it  is  probably  adapted  from  L.  gradior 
and  means  '  to  proceed." 

Gradivo  m.  (L.);  a  synonym  for  Mars. 

*  i.  spontaneous,  willing,     ii.  agreeable. 


Grad-0  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Span, 
Portug.  grao,  <  L.  gradus  ;  cp.  Portug. 
degrao,  Provenc..  degratz,  Fr.  degrd,< 
bit.  **degradus  ;  the  root  is  ghredh,  cp. 
Gothic  griths,  step,  old  Slavonic  greda, 
to  come,  Irish  ingrennim,  I  pursue); 
i.  step,  usu.  Gradino.  2.  degree. 
3.  rank;  Tenere  il  suo  —  ,  to  maintain 
one's  dignity;  Tenere  al  suo  —  ,  to 
stand  upon  one's  dignity.  4.  Essere 
in  —  ,  to  be  competent;  Sono  in  —  di 
assicurarvi,  I  am  in  a  position  to  assure 
you.  5.  Elezioni  a  doppio  —  ,  or  a  due 
-i,  election  by  two  steps,  viz.  where  the 
voters  elect  a  body  of  electors  who  then 
elect  the  deputies.  6.  (mus.)  note  in  a 
scale.  7.  A  —  a  —  ,  or  --  ,  step  by 
step,  gradually. 

*  i.  =  Scalino,  step,  stair,  ii.  Esser  nel  —  d'  uno, 
to  be  in  his  place,  iii.  In  —  di  inorte,  at  the  point 
of  death,  iv.  Matti  dalle  prime  grada  (f.  fit.),  stark 
mad.  v.  carat  (of  gold),  vi.  =  Passo,  step. 

(B)  (cogn.  Proveng.  gratz,  Span. 
grado,  Fr.  grt,  <  L.  gratus,  if.  Grato)  ; 
goodwill.  Di  buon  —  ,  willingly,  with 
pleasure.  Mai  —  ,  or  A  mal  —  ,  un- 
willingly. Mai  mio  —  ,  against  my  will. 
Mal  —  che,  although.  Malgrado  cio,  in 
spite  of  that.  Averne  —  d'  una  cosa  a 
mio,  Sentirne  —  ,  or  Sapergliene  —  •,  to 
be  grateful  to  him  for  it.  Vi  sapro  —  , 
I  shall  be  obliged  to  you.  Andare  a  —  , 
to  be  agreeable. 


*Gradole/;=Scalinata,  stairs. 
Gradu-abile,  -abilita;  ?'.  -are. 

Gradual-e:  i.  in  steps,  by  succes- 
sive steps.  2.  gradual.  3.  Salmi  -i, 
the  fifteen  processional  psalms  to  be 
sung  as  a  procession  ascended  the 
steps  of  Solomon's  temple.  As  sb. : 
4.  verses  said  upon  the  steps  of  the 
altar  before  the  Gospel  is  read,  or  5.  the 
book  which  contains  them.  Ajjf.  -ita, 
-mdnte. 

Gradu-are;  i.  to  graduate.  2.  to 
confer  a  degree  or  title.  3.  (leg.)  to 
assign  the  assets  in  a  bankruptcy 
amongst  the  creditors  proportionally 
to  their  debts. 

Graduatamente ;  =Gradatamente,  step  by  step. 
Graduate  ;«.;   i.   graduate.     2.    (?«//.)  petty 
officer. 

Gradu-at6ria  / ;  i.  list  of  creditors 
arranged  proportionally,  i>.  -are  (3). 

2.  official  document  settling  the  same. 
Sentenza    — ,   decree    by   which    it   is 
issued. 

Graduazidne  / ;  i.  as  E.  2.  con- 
ferring the  rank  of  petty  officer. 

3.  entry  of  a  creditor  in  the  Gradua- 
toria. 

*Graduire  ;=Nobilitare,  to  ennoble. 
•Graffay^;  claw,  USM.  of  a  cat. 

Graffi-are( It.  graffio);  i.  to  scratch. 
2.  in  drawing,  to  hatch.  3.  scherz.  to 
steal.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Graffiasanti  in.  itidtcl.  ;=Bacchettone,  bigot, 
r>.  'Grattare  (ii). 

Graffi-ata,  -atfna  <ti/n.,  -atdre,  -atura, 
-aturina  dim. ;  v.  -are. 

Graffi6tt-0  m.;  i.  dim.  Graffio. 
2.  marking-gauge,  mortise-gauge.  Aff. 
-fno  dim. 

Graffignare;  i.y.  Sgraffignare,  to 
crib. 

Graffio  ///.  (O.H.G.  krapfo,> Germ. 
Krapfen,  hook,  akin  to  E.  cramp,  grasp, 
etc.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Grape) ;  i.  usu.  in 
pi.,  grappling  irons,  for  fishing  up 
things  which  have  fallen  down  a  well. 
2.  scratch ;  Fare  a  graffi,  to  scratch 
each  other.  In  the  sense  of  scratch 
the  word  is  presumably  formed  from 
Graffiare,  to  scratch,  which  is  itself  a 
derivative  of  Graffio,  hook. 

*Graffioni  m.  pi. ;  light  red  cherries. 

Graffito  m.  (L.  graphmm,  writing- 
style)  ;  the  name  given  to  scribbled 
mural  inscriptions,  such  as  those  to 
be  seen  at  Pompeii. 

*Graffiuolo  m.\  a  kind  of  scratching  tool. 

Grafla/. ;  spelling. 

Grafico  (Gr.) ;  i.  graphic.  As  sb. : 
2.  in  //.  Grafici,  certain  minerals  with 
markings  like  letters.  3.  soft  minerals 
suitable  for  making  pencils. 

Grafite  /  ;  black-lead,  really  a  car- 
bonate of  iron. 

Grafomania  / ;  craze  for  writing. 

Graf6metro  in.;  an  instrument  for  measuring 
angles. 

Gragn61-a  (Gragnuola)  /  (< 
** grandinula,  dim.  <  L.  grando,  hail, 
altered  under  the  influence  of  Grano) ; 


i.  hail.     2.  a  kind  of  soup.     Aff.  -are, 
vb.     *-ata  =  Gramolata. 

tGragnolischio  ?«.;  mixture  of  rain  and  hail. 
tGragnolo  w.;  =  Ragnolo,  spider. 

Gralle  /  pi.  (L.  grallae,  stilts)  ;  = 
Trampolieri,  wading  birds. 

Grallo  w.  ;  =  Grottaione,  bee-eater. 

Gramagli-a  /.  (It.  gramo);  mourn- 
ing. 

* Gramanzia /.;—  Negromanzia,  magic. 
"Gramare  (Germanic,  v.  Gramo);  to  sadden. 
*Grama-tigia  or  -tisia  ;  v.  Grammatisia. 
*Gram-eggiare,  *-ezza;  r/.  Gramo. 

Gramiccia  f.\  (M.)  i.  =  Gramigna,  dog- 
grass.  2.  —  ovale,  =  Fenice,  hard  grass. 

Gramigna  (Gremigna)/  (L.  grami- 
neus,<gramen,  where  -men  represents 
a  passive  participle.  For  gra^  v. 
Grano;  but  very  probably  gra  may 
here  be  for  gras-y  for  which  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Grass) ;  dog-grass  of  any  kind,  weed. 

As  a  botanical  term,  i.  couch-grass,  Triticitm 
re  pens  i  v.  Dente  (5,  b).  2.  —  aroma  tica,  khus-khus 
plant,  Andropogon  jnuricatws,  also  termed  Giunco 
odoroso  indiano.  3.  —  comune,  dog's-tooth  grass, 
v.  Capriola  (6,  a).  4.  —  della  croce,  cord-grass, 
Dactylis patens.  5.  —  de'  greppi,  wild  fox-tail  grass, 
z'.  Erba  (154).  6.  —  da  mescolo,  oval  spiked  hard 
grass,  v.  Fenice.  7.  —  di  padule,  water  whorl-grass, 
7'.  Ghingola.  8.  —  di  Parnasso,  grass  of  Parnassus, 
Parnassia  palustris.  9.  —  dei  pesci,  water  star- 
wort,  v.  Gamberaia.  10.  —  delle  vie,  annual 
meadow-grass,  Poa  annuft.  ii.  —  olivetla,  manna- 
grass,  Glycerin,  Jluitans. 

Gramignare;  r.  to  spread  out  hides 
to  dry.  2.  to  feed  cattle  upon  Gramigna. 

Gramignelle  f.  pl.\  (hot.)  marsh  speedwell, 
Veronica  scutellata. 

Gramignbla  f-  ;  manufacture  in 
damask.  A  — ,  damasked. 

Gramignblo  (Gramigno)  m.  ;  a 
variety  of  olive-tree  with  narrow- 
leaves. 

Gramign-6so  ;  full  of  dog-grass, 
v.  -a. 

Gramignuftla  f.\  (hot.)  —  di  Chiana,  rush- 
cress,  Subularia  aqmitidi, 

Graminaceo  ;  (bot.)  as  E. 

Grammatic-a  _/". ;  i.  grammar.  2.  primary 
school.  3.  —  tedesca,  scherz.  rod,  for  whipping. 

*  Latin.     La  tal  cosa  non  e  in  — ,  is  not  in  Latin, 
i.e.  presents  no  great  difficulty. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aggine  spreg.,  absurd  ac- 
curacy, -ale,  -almente  or  -amente,  -astro  spreg.  of 
-o,  -heria,  pedantic  grammatical  accuracy,  -hetta 
dim.,  -hi'na  dim.  vezz.,  child's  grammar,  -o  teacher 
of  grammar,  -ona  augrn.,  -uccia  or  -u/2a  spreg. 

*  Grammatisia      (Gramatisia,      Gramma-tesia, 
-ticia,  -tigia);  spreg.  knowledge  of  grammar. 

Gramme  m.  (Gramma/)  (Gr.);  gramme,  the 
unit  of  weight  in  the  metric  system=  15*432  grains 
troy. 

*GrammufFa  (GramufTa)  f.',    spreg.    grammar. 
Parlare  in  — ,  to  speak  a  learned  jargon. 

Gramo  (O.H.G.  grarn^  cross,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Grim);  wretched. 

Gramola/. ;  i.  ilax-brake.  2.  knead- 
ing apparatus. 

t  person  who  is  never  still. 

Grainolare  ind.  gramolo ;  i .  to 
break  flax  or  hemp.  2.  to  knead. 

Efym.  Cogn,  Span,  gramart  to  knead,  Swiss 
(Grisons)  karmalar>  to  knead  ;  by  metathesis  <  L. 
ca>tninar(,  to  card,  v.  Scarmigliare,  ttym. 

Gramolata  /  (so  called  from  its 
texture)  ;  =  Granita,  ice-pudding. 

Gramol-atura/;  v.  -are. 
*Grampa./;=  Rampa,  paw. 
Grampia/;  (mar.)  cramp-iron. 

Grampfno  m.  ;  (mar.)  boarding- 
grapnel. 


286 


GRAMPO— GRANELLOSO 


Grampo  m.  (A)  ;  =  Granchio,  cramp. 
(B);  grampus,  dolphin. 

Gramuffa;  ->.  Grammuffa. 

Gran ;  i.  v.  Grande.     2.  v.  Grano. 

Grana  /  (L.  grana,  pi.,  v.  Grano) ; 

1.  cochineal,   called   Grana   from    the 
grain-like    appearance   of   the    insects. 

2.  grain,  e.g.  of  wood,  or  of  gunpowder. 

3.  granulation  given  to  a  chased  metallic 
surface.  4.  Formaggio  di  — ,  dry  cheese, 
e sp.  Parmesan  cheese.     5.  (vet.)  measles 
in  pigs.     6.  —  argentea,  (dot.)  a  species 
of  cock's-comb,  Celosia  argentea. 

*  i.  Tignere  in  — ,  to  use  every  exertion,  lit.  to 
dye  in  red.  ii.  Dare  un  tnffo  in  —  al  cappello,  i.e. 
to  become  a  cardinal,  iii.  buckthorn  berries,  used 
instead  of  cochineal. 

Granaccio  m. ;  pfgff.  Grano. 

Granadfglia  /  (Span,  granatlilla, 
dim.  of  granada,  pomegranate,  from 
the  similarity  of  the  pips  of  the  two 
fruits) ;  (bot.)  passion-flower,  Passiflora 
caerulea. 

*Granagione  _/".',  formation  of  the  grain  in  corn. 

Granaglia/;  I.  granulated  gold  or 
silver.  2.  in  pi.,  cereals. 

Granagliare ;  to  granulate. 
Granaio  m. ;  granary. 

Granai61-o(Gra.naiuolo)  m. ;  i.  corn- 
dealer.  2.  as  adj.,  grain-feeding  (bird). 
3.  Oca  -a,  garganey  teal,  Anas  querque- 
dula. 

•Granare;  i.  =  Granire,  to  form  grain,  ii.  to 
granulate,  form  into  grains.  iii.  to  roughen,  v. 
Grana  (3). 

*Granaro  m.',=  Granaio,  granary. 

Granat-a  /  (A) ;   r.  broom,  brush. 

2.  -    doppia,    tightly    bound    broom. 

3.  Benedire  col  manico  della  — ,  i.e.  to 
beat.     4.   Essere  piu  che  la  —  in  una 
casa,  to  be  very  much  at  home  there. 
5.    Pitture,   Quadro,   Imbiancature   del 
— ,  where  —  is  made  masculine  as  if  it 
was   the   name  of  a  painter,   i.e.   very 
badly  done.     6.    Pigliar  la  — ,  i.e.   to 
dismiss  an  incapable  official ;  similarly, 
Ci  vuol  la  — .    7.  Puntellar  1'  uscio  colla 
— ,  i.e.  to  leave  it  very  insecure.    8.  Far 
la  —  al  tino,  to  place  a  bunch  of  heather 
at  the  bung-hole  of  the  vat  so  as  to  keep 
back  the  grape-skins,  etc.,  when  the  wine 
is  drawn. 

Efym.  O. H.G.  grana,  goatee-beard,  cp.  L. 
grattits,  in  Isidore, pigtail, old  Yr.grenoii,  moustache, 
Proveng.  gren,  beard,  Span,  grefla,  untidy  hair, 
Portug.  grenhn,  hair. 

(B)  (L.  granatns,  full  of  grain);  (mil.)  hand- 
grenade,  so  named  from  being  full  of  explosives  as 
a  pomegranate  is  full  of  pips. 

*i.  name  of  a  late  variety  of  plum.  ii.  pome, 
granate.  iii.  Saltar  la  — ,  to  be  out  of  pupilage, 
/it.  jump  the  broom  (birch),  iv.  Stare  in  pettiue  e 
in  — ,  to  be  nicely  cleaned  up. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.  of  -a  (A) ;  -aio,  broom-maker ; 
-ata,  blow  with  a  broom ;  -etta  dint. 

Granatiere  m.  (v.  Granata,  B) ; 
grenadier. 

Granatfn-a  / ;  dim.  Granata  (A). 

*a  drink  made  from  pomegranates. 

Granatfno  m.  (A);  I.  brush  made 
of  twigs  only,  with  no  wooden  handle. 
2.  street-sweeper's  brush. 

(B) ;  dim.  Granato,  garnet. 

*i.  —  Granaiolo,  corn-dealer.  ii.  =  Margheritina, 
daisy. 


Granato  ;«. ;  i.  =  Melagrano,  pome- 
granate-tree. 2.  garnet,  from  the  colour 
resembling  pomegranate  seeds.  3.  of 
wine,  red  colour.  *hard  as  granite. 

Granat-6ne  m.,  -6na  _/.,  augms.,  -uccia 
^reg.,  of  -a  (A). 

Granbe'stia    or    Gran    bestia   /. ; 

1.  elk,  Cervus  alces.     2.    L'  ugna  della 
— ,  as  a  panacea  for  all  ills.    3.  Hal'  ug- 
na della  — ,  i.e.  his  nails  are  very  long. 

Granbretagne  /  pi. ;  florist's  hya- 
cinth, v.  Giacinto  (i,  b). 

Grancancell-iere  or  Gran  cancel- 
liere  m. ;  High  Chancellor.  A/~.  -erfa 
his  residence,  -ierato  his  office. 

Grancane  or  Gran  cane  m. ;  great 
Khan. 

Grancassa  or  Gran  cassa  / ;  big 
drum. 

tGrancelay^;  =  Branca,  cleanser  crab. 

tGrancevola  f.;  spider-crab,  common  crab, 
Mnja  sejuinado,  the  female ;  the  male  is  Granzo. 

Granchierellay^;  (hot.)  dodder,  CitsiHta,  also 
termed  Capelli  del  diavolo,  Epittimo,  Gntta  del 
lino,  Grugno,  Linaiuola,  Lino  gine^tnno,  Lino  di 
lepre,  Pittimo,  Ragna,  Strozzalino,  Tarpigna,  Tar- 
pina,  Tigna,  Traccapello. 

Granchi-escamente  adv.,  -esco  crab-like, 
-£ssa  female  crab,  -etto  dim.',  v.  >o. 

Granchio  m.  (metathesis  of  L.  cancer, 
akin  to  Gr.  xaftithtes,  Sanskr.  karkatu, 
crab,  karkara,  hard;  root  kar,  hard, 
from  the  hardness  of  the  shell) ;  i.  crab. 

2.  cray-fish.    3.  —  paguro,  black-clawed 
crab,    Cancer   pagurus,    also    termed 
Granciporro.     4.    Cancer,  the  zodiacal 
sign.     5-  claw  of  a  hammer.     6.  lock- 
smith's clamp.     7.  bench-hook,  against 
which    a    board    is    held    for    planing. 

8.  in  agriculture,  rhomb-shaped  harrow. 

9.  cramp,  in  a  muscle.     10.  Avere  il  — 
alia  borsa,  alia  scarsella,  to  be  close- 
fisted.      II.  Prendere  un  — ,  in  rowing, 
to  catch  a  crab.    12.  —  a  secco  (a)  pinch, 
e.g.  of  the  finger,  in  shutting  a  door; 
(b)  Prendere  or  Pescare  un  —  a  secco, 
to  make  a  blunder.     13.  Avere  il  — ,  at 
bowls,  =  Avere   il   solo,  to   play   single 
against  two  other  players. 

Granchi-oHno  m. ;  i.  dim.-o, shrimp. 
2.  =  Diavoletto,  curl-paper.  -<5ne  ;«. ; 
augm.  -o. 

*  Grancia  /.  (A) ;  ulcer  in  the  throat. 

*  (B)  (old  Fr.  granche,  >  Fr.  grange,  <blt.  granicti, 
<L.  granum);  country-house  with  a  farm  attached. 

Granciamberlano  or  Gran  ciamberlano  in. ; 
High  Chamberlain. 

•Granciere  m.  (It.  grancia,  B);  farm  bailiff. 

*Grancio  m.  (var.  of  Gancio,  cp.  Grancitello) ; 
grappling-hook. 

Granciporro  m. ;  I.  black-clawed 
crab,  v.  Granchio  (3).  2.  Prendere  un 
— ;  to  make  a  huge  blunder,  lit.  catch 
a  big  crab  (and  be  nipped  by  it). 

Etym.  A  corruption  of  L.  cancer  pagurus,  ?'. 
Paguro ;  _the  g  between  two  vowels  would  readily 
drop,  giving  pa'uro,  this  again  easily  changing  into 
the  familiar  word  porro. 

Granc-ire  or  Aggrancire  ind.  -isco ; 
=  Aggranfiare,  to  seize,  esp.  in  sense  of 
stealing. 

Grancitello  m.  (dim.  of  Grancio  in  its  original 
sense  of  crab);  ulcer  in  a  bird's  mouth. 

Grancollare  or  Gran  collare  m.\ 
the  highest  dignity  in  the  Order  of  the 
Annunziata,  ?'.  Ordine. 


Granconsiglio  or  Gran    consiglio 

m. ;    Council  of  state. 

Grancord6ne  or  Gran  corddne  in. ; 
head  of  an  Order,  v.  Cordone  (3). 

Grancr6ce  or  Gran  cr6ce  m. ;  title 
of  the  head  of  certain  Orders  of 
chivalry. 

Grandacci-0;  I.  big  and  clumsy. 
2.  Alia  -a,  (iron.)  like  a  grand  gentle- 
man. 

Grandato  m. ;  dignity  of  a  Spanish 
Grandee. 

Grande  (L.  grandis,  akin  to  Gr. 
ftpevBos,  arrogance,  ftatvOvpfuu,  to  hold 
one's  head  high,  Irish  bruinne,  breast, 
Welsh  bron,  breast ;  root  grendh,  to 
swell) ;  I.  great,  big.  2.  grand.  3.  tall. 

4.  Gran  capelli,  thick  hair.     5.    Gran 
vino,    strong    wine.      6.     Lettera    — , 
capital  letter.      7.    E  un  gran  povero, 
he  is  terribly  poor.     8.  Stare  in  sul  — , 
to    be    grave    and    serious.      9.    Gran 
bestia,   elk.      10.    A  gran  giornate,   by 
long   day's   marches,      ii.    Messa   — , 
High  Mass.     12.  Alia  — ,  with  velocith 
understood,  by  passenger  train.     1 3.  as 
sb.,  grown-up  person. 

*i.  La  Madonna  — ,  feast  of  August  the  i5th. 
ii.  Gran  vita,  austere  life.  iii.  Gran  mercato,  = 
(Iran  ribasso.  Fare  gran  mercato,  to  sell  off  cheap. 

Grandeggiare  ind.  grande'ggio ;  i.  to 
stand  out,  rise  out.  2.  to  put  on  airs  of 
grandeur. 

Grand-emente  adv.,  -ettino  sul'-dint. ,  -etto 
dim.,  -ezza  V1.,  -ezzata  ostentation,  ostentatious 
expenditure,  -icello  or  -icino  dim.  vezz.,  -ifidro 
as  E. ;  v.  Grande. 

Grandigia/;  i.  ostentation.  2.  pride. 

*Grandiglia  /.:  collar  in  the  Spanish  style. 

Grandigli6n-e  m.,  -a/;  big,  over- 
grown boy  or  girl. 

Grandiloquen-te,  -za;  as  E. 

Grandin-are  ind.  grandino ;  to  hail. 
Ha  una  rendita  di...e  non  ci  grandina 
sopra,  he  has  an  income  of.. .and  it  is 
not  subject  to  any  risk,  lit.  to  the  risk 
of  hail-storms  upon  crops.  Aff.  -ata, 
hail-storm. 

Grandine  /  (L.  grando);  i.  hail. 
2.  a  kind  of  paste  for  sou  p.  3.  "measles" 
in  pork.  *stye  on  the  eyelid. 

Grandin-ina  f.;  dim.  -6(2). 

Grand-ino  ;  dim.  vezz.  -e. 

Grandi6s-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Grand-isonante  high. sounding,  -<5ne  audits. 
of  -e,  -oriente  a  high  officer  in  Freemasonry,  -otto 
rather  large. 

Granduc-a,  pi.  -hi,  m. ;  Grand  Duke.  A_p: 
-ale  adj. ;  -ato  Grand  Duchy ;  -he"ssa  wife  of  a 
Grand  Duke  ;  -hessina  daughter  of  the  same  or 
youthful  Grand  Duchess ;  -hino  dim.  of  -a  or  (iron. ) 
son  of  a  Grand  Duke. 

Grandule  m. ;  =  Fagiano  di  monte,  blackcock. 
*Granellare;    i.    to   granulate,      fit.    to  glean 
(olives). 

'Granelleriay;;  folly,  nonsense,  v.  Granello  (4). 

Granell-o  /«.,  pi.  -i  in.  or  -a  f. ; 
i.  grain  of  corn.  2.  -a,  cereals  gene- 
rally. 3.  pip  of  fruit.  4.  -i,  testicles  of 
fowls  and  other  animals  for  cooking. 

5.  small   particle,   grain,   of  anything. 

6.  -a,  tumours  on  the  eyelids  of  fowls. 

Granell6s-o;  i.  granular.  2.  measly 
(pork).  3.  sandy  (soil).  Aff.  -ita. 


GRANELLUCCIO— GRASSUME 


287 


Granell-uccio  ///. ;  dim.  sj>r?g.  -o. 
Granfa  y!;  =  Granchio,  clamp. 
Granfarro  w.  ;=Farro,  spelt. 

Granfatto  adv.\  very.  Non  e  — , 
not  long  ago. 

Gr£nfi-a  /  (var.  of  Graffio) ;  claw. 

Aj(f.  -accia  pfffg.,  -are  =  Aggranfiare,  to  seize, 
-ata  i.  scratch.  2.  handful,  es/>.  when  stolen, 
•atina  dim. 

*Grangia./;  =  Grancia,  farm. 

Grangiallo  m.  ;  I.  =  Granturco, 
maize.  2.  (tot.)  garden  crow's-foot, 
Ranunculus  orientalis, 

Granguardia  / ;  (mil.)  chief  watch. 

Granigidne  /;  formation  of  the 
grain,  in  corn. 

Granf.no /«.;  fine-grained  gunpowder, 
for  rockets. 

Gran-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  of  corn,  to 
form  the  grains.  2.  Me  la  sento  — ,  I 
feel  misfortune  to  be  impending.  3.  —  i 
denti,  of  a  baby,  to  show  where  the 
teeth  are  coming.  4.  (mus.)  to  bring 
the  separate  notes  clearly  out.  5.  to 
grain,  v.  Grana  (2)  and  (3).  6.  part. 
-ito,  well  developed,  well  formed,  esp. 
of  a  woman's  figure. 

Granlta/  ;  granular  ice  (for  eating), 
ice-pudding. 

Granitell-a  /,  -o  /«. ;  (>«/«.)  rock 
resembling  granite,  diorite  or  syenite. 

Granjt-ico,  -if6rme;  t:  -o. 

Granito  ///. ;  i.  granite,  the  term  is  original  in 
Italian,  from  the  speckled  appearance  of  the  rock, 
<  Granire.  2.  as  adj.,  made  to  imitate  granite. 
*  —  Granitoio. 

Granit6io  in. ;  graining  chisel,  v. 
Grana  (3). 

Granitone  m.  •  a  coarse-grained 
granite. 

Granit6re  in.  •  chaser,  v.  Grana  (3). 

Granit-6so;  like  granite,  -ura  /.;  =  Grani- 
gione. 

Granivoro;  as  E. 

Granmaestro  m.;  Grand  Master  of  an  Order. 

Grano  m.  (L.,  root  ger,  to  rub,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Corn,  Grain);  (hot.)  i.  corn. 
canino,  squirrel's-tail  grass, 
Hordeum  murinum,  also  termed  Orzo 
salvatico.  3.  —  duro,  Triticum  lur- 
gidtim.  4.  --  d'  estate,  wheat,  Tri- 
ticuni  vutgare  or  aeslivitm,  also  termed 
Fromento  di  estate.  5.  --  delle  for- 
miche,  oval  spiked  hard-grass,  -v.  Fenice. 
6.  —  grosso  or  forte,  a  variety  of  spelt, 
Triticum  monococcum.  7.  —  saraceno 
or  di  Tartaria,  buckwheat,  v.  Fagopiro. 

8.  —   siciliano   or  turco,   maize,   Zea 
ways,   also    termed    Formentone ;    for 
origin  of  the  name  turco,  •v.  Granturco. 

9.  grain,  e.g.  of  sand.     10.  pip  of  fruit. 

11.  as   a  weight,   the   same   as   in   E. 

12.  (mil.)  piece  of  copper  through  which 
the  touch-hole  is  made  for  a  gun.     13.  a 
similar  plug  in  other  kinds  of  metal- 
work.      14.     an    old    Neapolitan    coin 
worth  about  a  farthing.      15.  prov.  — 
pesto  fa   buon   cesto,  corn  which   has 
been  trampled  in   the   field   tillers  out 
well,  said  also  in  fig.  sense  to  express 
that  wheaten  bread  is  good  food. 

Granocchia/:;  /<?/.  for  Ranocchia,  frog. 
Granocchfaia /.;—  Airone  rosso,  purple  heron. 


Granocchiaio  ///. ;  i.  swampy  ground  (full  of 
frogs).  2.  dealer  in  frogs  (for  food). 

Granoccbiella  /  ;  tree-fro;,',  /\',m,i 
arborea. 

Granbcchio  m. ;  pop.  for  Ranocchio, 
frog. 

Gran6ne  m. ;  i.  a  kind  of  bead  made 
of  gold  or  silver  wire  twisted  up. 
2.  =  Granturco,  maize. 

Gran-6so  adj. :  --.  -o. 

Granosprdne  m. ;  ergot. 

Granpriore  or  Gran  priore  m.\  Gr.ind  Prior 
of  an  Order. 

Gransacerddte  m. ;  high-priest. 

Gransignore  m.;  Sultan. 

Granturco  or  Gran  turco  m. ; 
maize,  Zea  mays,  lit.  Turkish  wheat ; 
it  is  an  American  plant,  but  in  the  six- 
teenth century  the  term  Turkish  was 
loosely  applied  to  any  foreign  importa- 
tion as,  for  instance,  to  the  bird  still 
called  a  turkey,  which  also  came  from 
America. 

Granturcolo  or  Granturciile   m.  • 

1.  in  pi.,  maize  leaves  and  flowers  used 
as  fodder.     2.  ground  where  maize  has 
been  grown. 

Granulare;  i.  as  E.     2.  as  vb.,  to  granulate. 

Granulat6io    m.  ;    i.    powder-mill. 

2.  sieve. 

Granul-azi6ney!;  as  E.     -6so;  granular. 
Granvislr  or  Granvisire  m. ;  Grand  Vizier. 
tGranzo  m. ;  =  Granchio,  crab;  see  also  Grance- 
vola.     Chiapar  un  — ,  to  "catch  a  cr;ib"  in  rowing. 

Grappa/  (O.H.G.  krapfo,  hook,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Grape,  Clamp);  i.  clamp, 
iron  bar  bent  at  both  ends  into  a  hook. 
2.  (print.)  brace,  bracket.  3.  stalk,  e.g. 
of  a  cherry.  4.  (vet.)  grapes,  a  mangy 
tumour  in  a  horse's  hoof.  5.  brandy. 

*i.  =Artiglio,  claw.  ii.  Fare  alia  —  d' una  cosa, 
—  Fare  a  portarsela  via. 

*Grappare;  =  Aggrappare,  to  seize. 
•Grapp-ariglia/;  scramble,    •-iglia/;  battle. 

Grappln-p  m. ;  \.  (mil.)  -i  da  bomba, 
hooks  used  in  carrying  and  placing 
bombs  in  a  mortar.  2.  (mar.)  grapnel, 
small  anchor  with  four  arms. 

•Grappow.;  i.  seizing,     ii.  =Grappolo,  bunch. 

*  Grappola  f. ;  --  Grappa. 

Grappol-o  m.  \  cluster,  usu.  of  grapes. 
Nuovo  or  Dolce  — ,  =  Sciocco,  green- 
horn, /^-etto-i'no  dims.,  -one  augm., 
-6so  clustering,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Etym.  A  dim.  of  Grappo;  it  properly  meant  a 
hook,  then  clustered  fruit,  hooked  on,  or  atlached  to 
a  stem. 

Grasce  f.  pi. ;  victuals,  v.  Grascia. 

•  G rascel la  f. ;  =  Grasciuola. 

Grasceta  /;=Pasciona,  rich  pas- 
ture. 

Etym.  Not  <  Grascia,  though  the  meaning 
may  have  been  influenced  by  it,  but  akin  to  old  Fr. 
grasse  of  Teutonic  origin,  ?/.  Skeat,  sub  Grass.  For 
ss>ic,cf.  Prescia,<L.  pnsta. 

Grascia/;  i.  in  pi.,  victuals.  2.  La 
— ,  (hist.)  board  in  the  Florentine  re- 
public which  inspected  the  quality  and 
regulated  the  price  of  provisions. 

*i.  =  Noia.  ii.  advantage,  iii.  —di  S.  Giovanni 
Boccadoro,  i.e.  money,  iv.  Andare  alia  — ,  to  dis- 
appear like  smoke,  tv.  — Grasso,  grease,  fat. 

Etym.  In  sense  of  fat  it  corresponds  to  Provenc. 
rraiaa,  Kr.  graisse,<L.  crassus;  in  that  of  victuals 
it  is  probably  a  figurative  use  of  the  same  word  ;  but 
if  on  the  contrary  it  is  an  independent  formation, 
there  arc  several  possible  sources:  (t)  from  the  same 
root  as  Grasceta ;  (2)  Gr.  dyopaai'a,  buying,  market- 
ing; (3)  W'.  granica,  through  a  form  **Gransua, 


parallel  to  old  Fr.  granc/te,  v.  Grancia,  B.  But 
none  of  these  seems  to  have  much  likelihood,  and 
the  simplest  way  is  to  refer  the  word  in  its  entirety 
to  L.  crassus. 

Grasciere  m. ;  municipal  inspector  of  food. 

•Grascino  m. ;  official  of  the  Grascia,  t/.v.  (2). 

Grasciudlay". ;  (vet.)  prominence  in  front  of  a 
horse's  knee. 

*Graspellino  m.\  small  bunch  of  grapes. 

*Graspo  in.  ;  i.  =  Raspo,  grape  stalks,  ii.  = 
Grappolo.  iii.  bunch  of  grapes  after  pressing,  with 
some  of  the  skins  and  pips  still  adherent. 

tGraspollo  m,  ;  =  Raspollo,  small  bunch  of 
grapes. 

Grass-accio /<•££.,  -am6nte  adv. ;  v.  -o. 

Grass-atdre  w.  (L.,<grassare,  to 
attack,  freq.  of  gradior,  to  go) ;  high- 
wayman, assassin.  Aff.  -azione. 

Grasse  /  //. ;  grapes  which  have 
been  squeezed  but  not  completely 
pressed,  v.  Grasso  (12). 

Grassell-o  m.  ;  i.  piece  of  fat. 
2.  slaked  lime.  *As  adj.,  luscious.  Aff. 
-fno  dim. 

Grass-ettino  dim.  vezz,,  -etto  dim.,  -<Szza; 

V .    -O. 

•Grassime  m.,  or  tGrassinay:;  dung. 

Grass-ino;  dim.  vezz.  of-o. 
tGrassio  ;«.;  soil  richly  manured. 

Grass-o  (cogn.  Yr.gras,  Span,  graso, 
<  L.  crassus,  thick,  dense);  i.  fat 
2.  (Cibi)  -i,  made  with  meat ;  Giorni  -i, 
days  when  meat  may  be  eaten.  3.  Gio- 
vedi  — ,  the  last  Thursday  before  Lent, 
and  similarly  of  the  other  days  of  Car- 
nival week.  4.  Cucina  -a,  rich  cooking ; 
-a  cucina,  rich  feeding  ;  Prop's,  -a  cucina 
povero  testamento  or  A  -a  cucina  po- 
vert^  e  vicina,  luxurious  living  leads  to 
poverty.  5.  Jig.  rich,  ample  (promises 
or  profits) ;  Tempi  -i,  seasons  of  plenty. 
6.  Calcina  -a,  mortar  with  a  high  pro- 
portion of  lime.  7.  Tempo  -o,  cloudy 
weather.  8.  Carattere  -o,  (print.)  heavy 
type.  9.  lewd  (conversation).  10.  of 
gold  or  silver  plate,  shewing  the  natural 
colour,  not  burnished,  ii.  A  farla  -a, 
to  make  a  favourable  estimate;  Diconu 
che  ci  vorra  un  anno  a  finir  il  lavoro, 
ma  credi  che  a  farla  -a  ce  ne  vorranno 
due,  they  talk  of  finishing  the  job  in  a 
year  but  you  may  depend  upon  it,  it 
will  take  at  least  two;  similarly,  £  -a 
or  Sarcbbe  -a.  Lo  aspetta  domani  ma 
sarebbe  -a  se  arriva  tra  otto  giorni,  he 
is  expecting  it  to-morrow,  but  it  is  most 
unlikely  that  it  will  come  within  a  week. 
12.  Uve  -e,  grapes  from  which  the  juice 
has  been  partially  pressed;  Crusca  -a, 
bran  in  which  there  is  a  certain  amount 
of  flour.  13.  II  popolo  — ,  those  who 
belonged  to  the  Arti  maggiori  at 
Florence.  14.  As  s6.,  grease;  --  di 
balena,  blubber. 

Aff.  -occino  dim.  vezz.,  -occio  plump,  -occi<5ne 
augm. 

Grassbli  ///.  //.  ;=Siccioli,  residues 
of  lard. 

Grass-onaccio  nugm.  pegg. ;  -6ne 
augm.;  -ottino  :  i.  moderately  fat. 
2.  (print.)  rather  heavy,  v.  -o  (8);  -6tto 
rather  fat;  -uccio  beginning  to  be  fat; 
v.  -o. 

•Grassula/I;  luscious  fig. 
Grassume  m. ;  I.  spreg.  fat.    2.  dung, 


288 


GRASTA— GRAZIOLA 


*Grastay~.  (Gr.  yatrrpa,  belly  of  a  jar,  <yaffT»jp, 
belly;  the  word  reached  Italy  through  Sicily); 
flower-pot. 

Grata  f.  (L.  crates,  root  kert,  to  en- 
twine, v.  Skeat,  sub  Hurdle);  grating. 

Grratamcnte ;  i.  agreeably.  2.  thank- 
fully. 

Gratella/;  (dim.  Grata)  I.  grid- 
iron, grill.  2.  grating. 

Graticcia  / ;  bow-net,  lobster-pot. 
*  =  Graticola. 

Graticciare ;  =  Ingraticciare. 

Graticciata/ ;  fence  or  screen  made 
of  basket-work,  trellis-work. 

Graticciato  m. ;  set  of  Graticci. 

Graticcio  (Craticcio)  m.\  \.  shelf  of 
basket-work,  e.g.  for  fruit,  lattice-work. 
2.  hurdle,  for  steeple-chases,  or  for  re- 
taining loose  earth  from  falling.  3.  =- 
Canniccio,  lattice  nailed  upon  the 
rafters  of  a  ceiling  to  receive  the 
plaster.  4.  fig.  thin  person. 

Gratfcola/;  I.  wire-grating.  2.  grat- 
ing of  a  confessional.  3.  grate  of  a 
fire-place.  4.  grating  of  string  stretched 
over  a  picture  to  assist  in  its  copying. 

*  i.  =Grate]la,  grill,  ii.  Moltiplicare  per  — ,  v. 
•Gelosia(ii). 

Graticolare  imi.  grati'colo;  i.  to 
stretch  lines  across  a  picture,  for  copy- 
ing. 2.  to  shut  with  a  grating. 

Graticolato  m. ;  I .  railing,  e.g.  round 
an  altar.  2.  trellis,  espalier,  for  fruit- 
trees.  3.  opus  reticiilatiini,  wall  made 
jn  the  ancient  Roman  way  with  square 
bricks  placed  diagonally  on  edge. 
4.  grid  for  careening  ships. 

Graticol-etta,  -ina;  dims,  of -a. 

Gratific-are  ind.  grati'fico ;  i.  to  give 
a  gratuity  to,  for  extra  work  done. 

2.  (iron.)  to  reward  ;   L'  ha  -ato  bene 
e  non  male,  it  is  a  pretty  reward  he  has 
given  him  !   Lo  gratifico  con  insolenze, 
he  repaid  his  kindness  with  insolence. 

3.  -arsi  uno,  to  win  his  favour. 
Gratificazion-cella,  -cina;  dims.  of-e. 

Gratificazi6ne  / ;  i.  gratuity  in 
addition  to  the  agreed  wage.  2.  fee 
for  a  special  service.  3.  (t/icol.)  grant 
of  divine  grace. 

Gratile  m.;  (mar.)  leech,  bolt  rope.  —  d'  in- 
feritura,  head  rope.  —  di  cadllta,  leech  rope.  —  di 
scotta,  or  di  lunata,  foot  rope.  —  centralc,  or  di 
mezzo,  di  una  tenda,  ridge  rope  of  an  awning. 

Gratis  ;  as  E.     -dato  ;  granted  by  grace. 

Gratitiidine/;  as  E. 

*Grativo;  i.  gratuitous,  tii-  as  sb.,  (mar.)  = 
Gratile. 

Grato  ;  i .  pleasing.  2.  kind.  3.  grate- 
ful, as  a  mental  attitude,  not  in  action  as 
Riconoscente. 

Etym.  L.  ;  root  gert  to  praise,  cp.  Sanskr. 
gurtis,  praise,  Gr.  -ye'pas,  honour,  Irish  grati,  love, 
Lith.  giriit,  to  praise. 

*As  sti.,  i.  —  Grado,  pleasure.  lo  che  due  volte 
avea  visto  lor  — ,  I  who  had  twice  seen  what  was 
the  object  of  their  desire,  D.  Purg.  26.  52.  ii.  A  — , 

gratuitously,     iii.   A  mio  — ,  to  my  satisfaction;   Di 
uon   — ,   gladly.      iv.    gratitude,      v.  =  Graticcio, 
lattice. 

Grattabugia    (Grattapugia)    f.    (It.    grattare 
+  bugio  for  buco) :    goldsmiths  wire  brush. 
tGrattacaci-ay! ,  -o  in. ;  =  Grattugia,  grater. 

Grattacapow.;  troublesome  thought, 
vexation. 


GrattaCUlo  m. ;  hip  of  the  wild  rose.  *  Gravatoria  /;  Papal  interdict. 


*Grattagranchio  m.;  pain  (in  the  ear). 
*Grattapugia ;  ?•.  Grattabugia. 

Gratt-are  (blt.,<O.H.G.  **kratton, 
>  Germ,  kratzen,  to  scratch,  •v.  Skeat, 
sub  Scratch  and  Grate,  2);  i.  to  scratch. 
2.  to  scratch  out.  3.  to  scrape.  4.  - 
il  corpo  alia  cicala,  i.e.  to  induce  a  person 
to  speak.  5.  —  il  corpo,  or  la  pancia  a 
uno,  said  of  one  who  does  apiece  of  work 
without  being  engaged  for  it.  6.  -arsi  il 
corpo,  i.e.  to  do  nothing,  be  idle.  7.  Pan 
-ato,  (a)  bread-crumbs  ;  (6)  bread  pap, 
esp.  with  an  egg  beaten  up  in  it. 

*i.  —  gli  orecchi  =  Adulare,  to  flatter,  ii.  —  i 
piedi  alle  dipinture,  -  Fare  intorno  alle  imniagini 
santi  il  collo  torto,  to  affect  piety. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -aticcio  mark  of  erasure, 
-ati'iia  dim.  vezz.  of -ata,  -atura,  -aturina  dim.  vtzz. 

tGrattennay!  ;  =  Grebiccio. 

Grattino  m.\  i.  scraper  used  in 
dry-point  engraving  for  removing  the 
burr  left  by  the  edge  of  the  burin  as 
the  shaving  comes  away  from  the  plate. 
2.  ink-erasing  knife. 

tGrattoIa./  ;  =  Grattugia,  grater. 

Grattlig-ia/  (It.  grattare);  i.  grater. 
2.  scherz.  for  Graticola,  grating  of  a  con- 
fessional. 3.  Far  vedere  una  cosa  da 
un  buco  della  — ,  of  something  very 
precious  or  difficult  to  get ;  Un'  edizione 
cosi  ricca  per  sessanta  lire?  Non  gliela 
fa  vedere  per  un  buco  della  — ,  an  edi- 
tion of  this  sumptuous  character  for 
sixty  francs  ?  he  will  not  let  you  have 
a  glimpse  at  it  ;  La  sua  figliuola  a  lui  ? 
Neanche  per  il  buco  della  — ,  give  his 
daughter  in  marriage  to  him?  he  will 
not  let  him  have  so  much  as  a  peep  at 
her.  4.  Gli  c  andata  bene,  ma  1'  ha 
rinfilata  per  un  buco  di  — ,  he  has 
come  off  all  right,  but  it  was  a  tight 
place  he  had  to  get  out  of.  5.  Viso  di 
— ,  pitted  with  small-pox. 

.  ///?  -etta  -ina  dims.,  -iare  ?>£.,  -iona  augm. 

Gratuita/I;  gntuitotmteai. 

Gratuit-o;  as  E.     AJf.  -amentc. 
*Gratulare;    i.    to    rejoice,    D.    Par.    24.    149. 
ii.    :is  so.,  greeting,  D.  Par.  25.  25. 

Gratulatbrio;  congratulatory. 

Graulo  ///. ;  i.  —  Grottaione,  bee-eater.  2.  — 
gentile,  =  Rigogolo,  oriole. 

Gravabile  ;  taxable. 
Gravaccio;    i.    unpleasantly  heavy. 
2.  heavy  in  gait.     3.  heavy  to  digest. 

Gravaccidlo;  rather  heavy  in  gait. 
Gravacci6ne;  adj.  ar  sb.,augtH.fifgg.  of  Grave. 

Gravafbgli  in.  indecl.;  letter-press. 

Gravame  ni. ;  i.  gravamen,  burden 
of  a  complaint.  2.  tax.  3.  (leg.)  charge. 

Gravame'nto ;«. ;  (leg.) sequestration, 
judiciary  act  which  puts  all  the  furniture 
of  a  debtor  beyond  bare  necessaries 
under  pledge  to  a  creditor. 

*  i.  =  Peso,  weight,    ii.  =  Aggravamento.    iii.  =An- 
gheria,  burden,     iv.    harsh  treatment,     v.  =  La  cosa 
gravata. 

*Gravanza/;;  i.  damage,    ii.  woe. 

Grav-are  ;  i.  to  weigh  heavy.  2.  to 
lay  a  tax  (upon  things).  3.  leg.  to  serve 
a  sequestration  upon,  v.  Gravamento. 
4.  part,  -ato  burdened  (with  debts  or 
taxes). 

*  i.  =  DifTamare.    ii.  =  Pregarc,  to  urge.    iii.  —  col 
1'  accento,  to  accent,     iv.   intf.  of  sickness,  to  grow 
worse,     v.  =  Aggravare,  to  make  more  burdensome, 
vi.  =Obbligare,  to  compel,    vii.   -arsij  to  take  offence, 
viii.  part,  -ato  d'  udire,  tired  of  hearing. 


Grave  (L.,  for  **gurvis,  root  gar, 
cp.  Gr.  fiapvs,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Grave)  ; 

1.  heavy.     2.    grave,  serious.     3.   deep 
(sound).    4.  —  in  famiglia,  with  a  large 
family. 

*Gravediney^;  heaviness,  or  cold,  in  the  head. 

Grav-emente;  v.  -e.  -colente;  nasty  smell- 
ing, -etto  dim.  -e. 

Grav-e'zza/;  i.  v.  -e.  2.  hardship, 
grievance.  3.  tax.  4.  thickness,  solidity 
(of  cloth). 

Gravicembalo  (Clavicembalo)  m.  (L.  clavis, 
cytnbttlittn,  therefore  ///.  cymbal  with  keys) ;  harpsi- 
chord, the  notes  of  which  were  produced  by  twitching 
the  strings  with  a  piece  of  crow-quill  or  hard  leather, 
the  precursor  of  the  modern  piano. 

Gravid-o;  as  E.  tAvessi  il  regio  — ,  at  the 
game  of  Scopa,  when  a  player  holding  the  king 
which  counts  ten  is  wishing  he  held  the  ace  counting 
eleven.  AjjT.  -anza. 

Gravina  /  ;    i.    mason's  hammer. 

2.  pick-axe. 

Gravisonante;  (/of/.)  loud  sounding. 

Gravit-a,  -are,  -azi6ne  ;  as  K. 

Grav-6ccio  yitasj  augm.  rather  heavy,  -osa- 
m£nte  adv.,  -osino  dim.  somewhat  serious,  -osita 
sb.,  -6so,  more  than  -occio,  pretty  heavy,  -uccio 
dim. ',  v.  -e. 

Gravolo  m. ;  i.g.  Graulo,  bee-eater. 

Gr£zi-a  /  (L.,  v.  Grato);  i.  grace, 
comeliness,  elegance.  2.  favour  (of  a 
superior).  3.  Troppa  — ,  sant'  Antonio, 
upon  receiving  too  much  of  a  good 
thing.  The  allusion  is  to  one  who 
asked  the  saint  to  help  him  to  mount  his 
horse,  which  he  did  with  such  vigour 
that  he  threw  him  over  on  to  the 
ground  on  the  other  side.  4.  Chi  vuol 
-e  a  Dio  ricorra,  i.e.  in  asking  favours 
it  is  best  to  approach  the  supreme 
authority.  5.  pardon.  6.  in  //.,  thanks. 
7.  on  having  been  told  that  one's 
journey's  end  is  a  mile  off  and  finding 
it  much  longer;  La  —  di  questo  miglio, 
what  a  mile  it  is !  8.  Con  vostra  — ,  by 
your  leave.  9.  Di  — ,  please,  also  In 
— .  10.  In  —  della  cattiva  stagione 
non  e  potuto  venire,  owing  to  the  bad 
weather  he  could  not  come.  1 1.  Sono 
stato  zitto  in  —  tua,  I  held  my  peace 
out  of  consideration  for  you.  12.  Mi 
dark  tre  lire  e  la  sua  buona  — ,  you 
shall  pay  me  three  francs  and  a  trifle 
over  at  your  pleasure.  13.  Colpo  di  ---, 
coup  de  gr&ce.  14.  Voleva  vincere  il 
premio,  e  invece  ha  avuto  di  —  se  non 
1'  hanno  escluso  dal  concorso,  he  thought 
he  was  going  to  win  the  prize,  instead  of 
which  he  was  lucky  to  escape  being 
shut  out  from  the  competition  alto- 
gether. Similarly  £  —  se  non  ci  levano 
anche  i  panni  da  dosso,  we  shall  be 
lucky  if  they  do  not  pull  the  clothes  off 
our  backs.  1 5.  theological  grace  ;  (a)  — 
abituale,  the  grace  which  resides  habitu- 
ally in  the  soul  unless  driven  out  by  sin ; 
(b)  —  giustificante,  rendering  a  man  just 
in  his  heart ;  (c)  —  illuminante,  making 
a  man  see  the  error  of  his  ways  ;  (d)  — 
sacramentale,  that  obtained  by  the  sac- 
rament of  penance  ;  (e)  —  santificante, 
making  the  soul  acceptable  to  God. 

Aff.  -abile  pardonable,  -accia  pegg.  awkwani 
ways,  -are  i.  to  pardon.  2.  to  grant  a  favour,  -ato 
=  Aggraziato.  Averla  -ata  to  escape^  v.  -a  (14),  -etta 
dim.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  -na  grace  in  little  children. 

Grazi61a_/C;  (bot.) —  medicinale,  hedge  hyssop, 
Gratiola.  oftcindlis,  also  termed  Stanca  cavallo. 


GRAZIOSAMENTE— GRIFO 


289 


Grazi-osamente  adv. ,  -osetto  or  -osino 
dim.  vezz.,  -ositi  st>.;  v.  -oso. 

Grazidso  ;  i.  gracious.  2.  gratuitous, 
or  nearly  so  ;  Un  —  imprestito,  loan  on 
easy  terms. 

•Grazire;  i.  =  Ringraziare,  to  thank.  ii.  to 
grant  as  a  favour,  iii.  to  be  received  into  favour. 
iv.  to  be  fond  of. 

Grazi-uccia  /.;  dim.  sfreg.  of  -a,  poor  little 
favour. 

Gre  or  Ores  m.  (bh.fressium,<O.H  G.  griez, 
>Gerin.  Cries,  gravel) ;  a  kind  of  sandstone  com- 
position for  crucibles. 

*Gre  (Fr.,<L.  gratiim);  Andare  a  — ,  to  please. 
tGrebiccio  m. ;   barren  land,  also  termed  Gra- 
tenna. 

Etym.  Celtic,  akin  to  Grisons  dial,  grera,  Fr. 
greve,  Provens-  and  Catalan  grava,  v.  Skeat,  sitl> 
Gravel. 

Greca/;  i.  a  kind  of  bodice.  2.  (arch.)  Greek 
key,  a  kind  of  fretwork  ornamentation  carried  along 
in  a  line. 

Grecal-e  m. ;  north-east  wind.  Aff. 
-ata,  N.E.  gale. 

Grecaleggiare  ind.  grecaleggio;  of  the  magnet, 
to  deviate  towards  the  N.  E. 

Grec-amente  in  Greek  manner,  -anico  half- 
Greek,  in  imitation  of  Greek,  -astro  horn  in  Greece. 

Gre'cchia./:;  (tot.)  heath,  v.  Erica. 
tGrecch-io  or  Crecchio  ///. ;  caress.     Dare  i  -i, 
to  spoil  boys,  let  them  have  their  own  way  too  much. 

Grech-eggiare  7-i.,  -etto  or  -ino  dim.,  of 
Greco. 

Grec-ia /.;  Greece.  Magna  — ,  the  southern 
part  of  Italy.  AJf.  -i^mo,  -ista  Greek  scholar,  -ita, 
-iztare. 

Grec-o  (L.,  <  Gr.  rpaiKos,  a  name 
belonging  to  the  district  of  Dodona, 
but  applied  by  the  Romans  to  the 
Greeks  generally) ;  I.  Greek.  2.  Scale 
-he,  stairs  provided  with  a  parapet. 
3.  Vento  — ,  i.q.  Grecale,  north-east 
wind.  4.  Noce  -a,  almond.  5.  Pece 
-a,  hard  rosin,  colophony.  6.  Pietra  -a, 
a  hard  greenish  stone. 

*as  sb.,  hostelry  where  Greek  wine  was  drunk. 

Greco-levante»(.;  E. N.E.  wind,  -tramonta 
m.;  N.N.E. 

•Grecovendolo  m.;  retailer  of  Groek  wine. 

*Gregale(L.);  i.  belonging  to  a  herd.  ii.  gre- 
garious. 

Gregario  m. ;  private  soldier. 

Gregge  m.  or  Gre"ggia  /,  with  pi. 
only  /  Gregge,  (L.  grex,  gregis,  a 
broken  reduplication<rooti°?r,  to  fasten 
together,  cp.  Irish  graig,  drove  of  horses, 
Gr.  ayei'pca,  to  collect,  dyopd,  assemblage); 
herd.  —  barbato,  herd  of  goats. 

Gre'ggia/. ;  I.  i.q.  Gregge.  2.  sheep- 
fold. 

Greggiare  ind.  greggio;  to  hang 
out  (hides)  to  dry. 

Gre"ggi-0,  Grezz-o  ;  i.  raw  (e.g. 
mineral,  timber,  silk) ;  Tela  -a,  un- 
bleached calico  ;  Zucchero  — ,  brown 
sugar.  2.  fig.  uneducated. 

Etym.  unkn. ;  the  Fr.  frige  is  from  the  Italian 
word  ;  from  the  meaning  it  should  be  akin  to  O.H.G. 
g rioz  and  E.  grit.  Amongst  other  possibilities  are 
(i)  bit.  gregius,  v.  Grigio,  raw  metal  being  often  of 
a  greyish  colour;  (2)  *'f  reviut,<L.  gravis,  heavy, 
cp.  Leggiero,  <** leviariut;  (3)  *•  ag nitiut,<  L. 
agrestit,  uncultivated,  wild ;  for  st<zz,  cp.  Fuzzico, 
<**/usticia,  Rezza  as  a  local  variant  of  Resta. 
*Gregna yC;  =  Unionc  di  niolti  covoni,  stack. 

Gregorian-o;  i.  Rito,  Uffizio,  Canto 
— ,  these  refer  to  Gregory  the  Great, 
6th  century.  2.  Riforma  -a  del  calen- 
dario,  viz.  by  Gregory  XIII,  in  1581. 
3.  Codice  — ,  compiled  by  Gregorian, 
the  jurist,  4th  century. 
•  Grelanda  /;  =  Grillanda. 

Grembial-ata,  -e  ;  v.  Grembiul-. 

Grembiat-a/;  =  Grcmbiulata.  Ajf.  -ella  dim. 
•vezz. 

H. 


Grembio  m.;  i.  pofi.  for  Grembo.  2.  =Grem- 
biule. 

Grembiul-accio  m.;  fegg.   of  -e.      -ata  /• 

apronful. 

Grembiul-e  or  Grembiale  in.  (It. 
grembio)  ;  i.  apron.  2.  (mar.}  bonnet 
(of  a  sail).  Aff.  -mo  dim.,  -<5ne  au^tn. 

Gremb-o  m  pop.  -io  ;«.  (L.  premium, 
lap,  root  grem,  to  clasp,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Cram,  Cramp,  Crimp);  i.  lap;  Dove 
la  costa  face  di  se  — ,  where  the  slope 
is  hollowed  out,  lit.  makes  of  itself  a 
lap,  D.  Purg.  7.  68.  2.  fig.  bosom,  e.g. 
of  the  Church.  3.  (poet.}  womb.  4.  Far 
— ,  of  a  wall  =  Far  pancia,  to  bulge. 
5-  =Grembiule,  apron. 

•i.  Cavar  di  seno  e  metier  in  — ,  i.e.  to  help  one's 
parents,  u.  —  ceruleo,  i.e.  the  sea.  iii.  =Grem- 
biata,  apronful.  iv.  Andare  a  —  aperto,  =  Procedere 
con  larghezza,  ingenuita  ;  Far  una  cosa  a  —  aperto 
to  offer  it  spontaneously.  . 

*Gremigna;  v.  Gramigna. 

Grem-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  stuff,  usu. 
in  part,  or  as  refl.,  In  un  momenta  si 
gremi  la  piazza,  the  square  became  full 
of  people  in  a  moment ;  Albero  -ito  di 
frutte,  tree  covered  with  fruit.  2.  *  = 
Ghermire,  to  seize. 

Etym.  hazy;  the  word  seems  formed  from 
O.H.G.  knmmen,  to  clutch,  and  this  was  clearly 
its  original  meaning,  but  it  appears  to  have  been 
influenced  both  in  form  and  sense  by  L.  gremittm, 
Gremito  as  it  were  borrowing  from  premium  the 
idea  of  things  in  a  person's  lap,  huddled  together. 
But  other  words  from  the  same  stock  may  have 
contributed,  grem  having  been  a  prolific  root,  v. 
Grembo. 

tGremo;  syicop.  for  Gremito,  crammed. 

tGrendina  adj.;  =  Floscio,  Spilorcio. 

'QrenetinayT;— Sotta  di  gelatina  purissima. 

TGrenn-are;  to  be  chattering  from  cold.  Aff. 
-one. 

•Greppay:;  i.=Greppo.     ii.  =  Ruga,  Grinza. 
Grepp-arello  m. ;  dim.  -o  (i). 

Gre>pia/  (O.H.G. krippia,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Crib) ;  i.  manger.  2.  La  •—  dello 
State,  or  governativa,  government  em- 
ployment, civil  service.  3.  Alzare  la  — , 
to  raise  the  manger  so  that  the  animals 
cannot  eat  so  much,  hence,y?f.  to  reduce 
salaries.  4.  Alia  —  !  excl.  by  way  of 
calling  a  person  an  ass,  or  greedy. 

Greppfna/;  i.q.  Cislonga,  lounging- 
chair. 

tGreppino  m.;  Far  — ,  =  Far  greppo. 

Gre'ppo  m. ;    i.  steep,  rocky  bank. 

2.  embankment  forming  the  margin  of 
a  country  road  where  there  is  no  hedge. 

3.  side  of  a  ditch,  from  the  rim  to  the 
water. 

*i.  Far  — ,  art  Far  greppino,  of  a  child  about  to 
cry,  to  pout.  ii.  =  Tugurio,  hut.  iii.  broken  pot. 
iv.  chasm,  D.  Inf.  30.  95. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps<O.H.G.  chKb,  for  which 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Cliff. 

•Greppolay:;  tartar,  in  wine-casks. 
Gres  m.  (Fr.  word);  (wi«.)grit  stone. 
Grespignolo  /«. ;  =  Grispignolo,  sow-thistle. 

Gressino,  Grissfno  m.;  a  kind  of 
crisp  bread  made  in  thin,  round  shapes 
like  long  clay  tobacco-pipes. 

Etym.  Originally  a  Piedmontese  word,  < 
Gkr'ssa,  wire,  akin  to  Proven;,  greisso,  lattice, <L. 
crates,  from  the  likeness  of  the  bars  of  a  lattice-work 
to  wires. 

Gre'to  m.  (O.H.G.  grioz,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Grit,  Grout) ;  bed  of  gravel  left 
bare  in  a  river-bed. 

GrfStola  /  (bit.  **cratula,  dim.  of 
L.  crates,  v.  Grata,  the  a  changing  to  e 


under  the  influence  of  O.H.G.  ckrettili, 
basket);  i.  bar  of  a  bird-cage.  2.  short 
piece  of  cane  between  adjacent  ribs  of  a 
distaff.  3.  pretext,  a  meaning  springing 
from  that  of  a  bar  which  a  bird  finds 
bent  so  as  to  permit  its  escape.  4.  person 
always  ready  with  a  pretext.  *splinter. 
'Gretoso;  gritty,  gravelly. 

Grett-ame'nte,  -erfa  shabby  trick, 
-e'zza  shabbiness,  -fno  dim.;  v.  -o. 

Gre'tto  (akin  to  or  perhaps  derived 
from  M.H.G.  grit,  greediness,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Greedy,  root  gardh,  cp.  Fr.  gredin} ; 
i.  shabby,  stingy.  2.  feeble'  (public 
servant),  one  who  will  do  what  he  is 
told  but  is  useless  in  an  emergency. 
3.  sorry  (ideas  or  style). 

Greve  ;  =  Grave,  heavy. 

Grtzzo ;  =  Greggio,  raw.     *  =  Rezzo,  shade. 

tGria  /.-,  bad  luck  in  play. 

*Gricchio  (akin  to  Grinza,  ?.7/.);  =  Crespo,  curly 

tGncciay:  (akin  to  Gricchio);  i.  Far  la  — 
(<z)=Far  cipiglio,  to  frown,  (£)=Far  greppino  to 
pout.  u.  Fare  a  — ,  to  give  credit.  ii[  debt, 
iv.  =Gruccia,  crutch,  v.  a  kind  of  raised  strine  in 
silk. 

•Griccio;  i.  =  Arricciolato,  curled  up.  ii.  as  si., 
whtm. 

•Gricciolo  m.  (/r«5.  <  O.H.G.  grAwis6u,> 
Germ,  gransen,  to  shudder);  i.  shudder,  ii.  =  Ric- 
cio.  in.  whim.  tiv.  =  Montanello,  linnet. 

•Griccione  ,«.;  i.  some  aquatic  bird.  tii.  one 
who  incurs  many  debts,  v.  Griccia  (iii).  iii.  =  Gren- 
none,  chilly  person. 

tGricciori  m.  fl.  (var.  of  Griccioli) ;  cold 
shivers. 

Grida  /  ;  proclamation.  *i.  outcry, 
ii.  reproof. 

Gridacchiare  ;  to  cry  out  a  little. 

Grid-are  (Cridare)  (cogn.  Span,  gri- 
tar,  Provenc.  gridar,  Fr.  crier,  <  L. 
quiritare,  which  may  be  either  freq.  of 
qiteror,  to  complain,  the  e  changing  to 
i  under  the  influence  of  Quirites,  or 
imit.};  i.  to  cry  out.  2.  to  scold.  3.10 
proclaim.  4.  --  vendetta,  to  be  in- 
famously bad,  lit.  to  cry  out  for  ven- 
geance. Aff.  -ata,  -atore. 

Gridellino  (cogn.  Span,  gridelin,  < 
Fr.  gris  de  Us,  lilac-grey) ;  lilac  (colour). 

Gridio  m. ;  clamour. 

Grid-0  m.,  pi.  -a  /  but  sometimes  -i 
m.;  i.  cry.  2.  fame  ;  Venire,  Salire  in 
— ,  to  become  famous  ;  Di  — ,  famous ; 
Mettere  in  — ,  to  make  famous.  3.  in 
pi.,  scoldings. 

Grid6n-e  m.,  -&/.;  clamorous  per- 
son. 

Grif-accio  m. ;  fegg.  of  -o. 

Grifagn-o  (old  Fr.  grifaigne,  < 
O.H.G.  grif,  claw,  grifan,\o  seize  with 
the  claws,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Grip,  Grab) ; 
i.  rapacious,  ravenous,  lit.  strong  to 
claw.  2.  Occhi  -i,  fierce  eyes.  3.  as 
sb.,  bird  of  prey. 

*Grif-are;  -arsi  una  cosa,  to  eat  it  greedily,  as 
a  pig  with  its  snout  in  the  trough,  z>.  Grifo. 

GrifatayT ;  toss  with  the  snout  (of  a  pig  rooting). 

Grifo  m. ;  i.  snout,  properly  of  a 
pig.  2.  Unger  il  —  alle  spalle  d'  altri, 
i.e.  to  eat  the  bread  of  idleness.  3.  i.q. 
Grifone  (i)  and  (2).  4.  in  pi.,  a  species 
of  fungus. 

*i.  a  kind  of  fishing-net,  v.  Gripo(B).     ii.  riddle. 

Etym.     In  sense  (3)  a  variant  of  Grifone;   in 

sense  of  snout  it  may  either,  like  Grifonc,  be<L. 

gryphns,  or,  like  Fr.  grijfe,  claw,  which  is  a  vbsb.  of 

griffer,  of  Germanic  origin,  v.  Grifagno. 

37 


290 


GRIFOLARE— GRONDAIOLA 


Grifolare ;  =  Grufolare,  to  root. 

GriWne  »/. ;  i.  — ,  or  Grito,  griffin,  a  fabulous 
animal  with  the  hind  part  of  a  lion  and  the  fore  part 
of  an  eagle  :  it  was  emblematic  of  vigilance,  2.  griffon 


Etym.  L.  gryphus,  an  extended  form  of  gryps, 
=  Gr.  -ypvi//,  <  ypvirtn,  hook-nosed,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Griffin. 

Grigiastro;  greyish. 

Grigio  (Griso)(blt..g7-«<?tt.r,<M.H.G. 
ifris,  v.  Skeat, sub  Grizzle  ;  not  connected 
with  O.H.G.  gra, >  E.  gray);  grey. 

tGrigiolato  (either  dim.  <  Ital.  grigio,  or  di- 
rectly <  O.H.G.  grizil,  grizzled);  speckled,  black 
and  white. 

Grigidne ;  of  the  Grisons  canton  in 
Switzerland,  the  dialect  of  which  is  also 
known  as  Ladinensian  or  Rhaetic  ro- 
mance ;  the  German  name  for  the 
district  is  Graubiindcti . 

Griglia  /  (Fr.  grille);  \.  iron  grat- 
ing, e.g.  in  front  of  a  window.  2.  grill, 
kitchen-grate.  3.  (arch.)  a  frame  of 
heavy  timbers  laid  upon  yielding  ground 
to  serve  as  a  foundation  for  building. 

Grigliato  m. ;  =  Grata,  grating. 

Grillaia  /;  barren  spot,  lit.  grass- 
hopper ground. 

Grillaio  m. ;  kestrel,  v.  Falco  (8). 

Grillanda^/;  pop.  for  Ghirlanda,  garland. 

*  i.  =  Cornice  tonda.    ii.  rounded  edge  of  anything. 

Grillare ;  i.  to  fizzle,  as  oil  in  a 
frying-pan.  2.  of  new  wine,  to  ferment. 
3-  fig-  —  'I  cervello,  =  Aver  i  grilli ;  E 
ora'che  gli  grilla?  what  notion  has  he 
got  in  his  head  now  ?  4.  —  una  catena, 
to  bend  a  chain  cable,  fasten  it  to  an 
anchor  by  means  of  a  shackle. 

*  i.    of  the   eye,   to  sparkle,     ii.    —  il   cuore,   to 
begin  to  be  in  love.     iii.   of  nsh,  =  Guizzare,  to  dart, 
iv.  to  chirp,  as  a  grasshopper. 

Etym.  Prob.  in  all  senses<It.  grille,  but  in 
sense  of  fizzling  perhaps<Fr.  griller. 

•Grilleggiare ;  — Giubbilare,  to  dance  and  sing. 

Grillettare  or  Sgrillettare ;  dim.  of 
Grillare,  to  fizzle. 

Grill-ettino  m. ;  sub.dim.  of -o. 

Grille'tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Grillo.  2.  trig- 
ger. 3.  spring  of  a  jew's-harp. 

Grillino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Grillo. 

Grfll-0  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  ypuXXor,  imit.  of 
the  chirp  of  the  insect);  i.  cricket, 
usu.  called  —  cantaiuolo  or —  canterino. 
2.  grasshopper  or  any  similar  insect. 
3-  fig-  whim.  4.  Aver  il  capo  a'  -i,  to 
be  always  talking  nonsense  ;  Ha  il 
cervello  d'  un  — ,  he  is  a  scatter-brained 
person.  5.  Gabbia  or  Gabbina  da  -i, 
very  small  cage.  6.  Gli  e  un  — ,  or 
Pare  un  — ,  he  looks  very  thin.  7.  An- 
dare  a  sentir  cantare  i  -i,  i.e.  to  go 
underground,  die.  8.  Indovinala  — , 
or  Indovina  — ,  a  game  consisting  of  a 
little  book  and  a  set  of  numbers  on  a 
dial  with  an  index  which,  on  being 
given  a  flip  so  as  to  make  it  jump  like 
a  grasshopper,  gives  a  reference  to  some 
sentence  to  be  interpreted  prophetically. 
Hence  9.  Indovinala  —  !  as  a  mode  of 
expressing  inability  to  foresee  the  result 
of  some  proceeding.  10.  Misericordia 
cantavan  i  -i,  an  expression  used  on 


hearing  of  strange  stories,  disasters  ;  it 
is  the  first  line  of  a  popular  quatrain:  — 
Misericordia  cantavan  i  -i,  Quando  gli 
prese  foco  la  capanna,  E  tutti  in  coro, 
poeri  piccirilli,  Si  messero  a  gridare 
babbo  e  mamma.  1  1.  II  medico  Grillo, 
useless  doctor.  12.  at  bowls,  the  jack; 
at  Italian  billiards,  the  small  ball;  HSU. 
Pallino. 

*i.  Pigliare  or  Toccare  il  —  ,  =  Imbronciare,  to 
get  cross,  ii.  -Cavalletta,  locust,  iii.  in  cleaning 
or  repairing  a  dome,  flying  bridge  or  platform  hung 
from  the  top.  iv.  (mil.)  shelter  for  enabling  be- 
siegers  to  approach  close  to  the  wall.  tv.  stop-cock. 

*GrilloIino  MI.  ;  dim.  Grillo,  caprice. 

*Grillone  fit.;  i.  downy  beard  of  a  young  man. 
ii.  Fare  a  bel  —  ,  to  waste  time.  tiii.  =Scacciapen- 
sieri,  jew's-harp. 

Grillotalpa  m.  •  mole-cricket,  Gtyl- 
Ins  gryllotalpa. 

Grillbtti  in.  pi.;  i.  gilt  pendants 
making  a  sort  of  fringe  to  a  canopy,  so 
called  from  their  resemblance  to  the 
legs  of  a  grasshopper  ;  hence  2.  by  ext. 
silk  or  gilt  twisted  tassels  forming  the 
fringe  of  an  epaulet. 

Grimaldello  ///.  ;  pick-lock. 

Elym.  A  double  diminutive<low  Germ,  kram, 
hook,  >blt.  cramaculus,  >  sub-dim.  "  cranmi  ulellus, 
>»*cm/,m7<r//«w,>Grimal(d)ello,  the  intrusive  d 
making  the  word  easier  lo  say.  V.  Littre,  sub  Ore- 
iiitiillitrc. 

Grimetti  tn.pl.;  a  kind  of  fungus. 
•Grimo   (O.H.G.  grim,   anger,   v.    Skeat,   sub 
Grim)  ;     i.  =  Miserable,    wretched.      ii.     arduous. 
iii.    wrinkled,  nigged. 

Grinfia/;;  pop.  for  Granfia,  claw. 


. 

v.  Grimo);  i.  ugly,  sinister-looking  face. 
2.  Aver  la  —  ,  to  look  angry.  3.  —  dura, 
hard-looking  face.  4.  Glie  —  da  dir 
questo  e  altro,  he  looks  savage  enough 
to  say  this  and  more  too.  AJf.  -accia 


/^  ;  wrinkle. 

Etym.  dub.  According  to  K6rting<  O.H.G. 
grimisoit,  to  grow  angry  OFr.  grincer,  to  grind 
the  teeth  in  anger),  c/>.  Grinta.  This,  however,  does 


,      .  .  ,  , 

not   tally  perfectly  with   the  sense,  and   perhaps  a 


, 
in  Granocchia  for  Ranocchia. 

Aff.  -etta  -ettina  dims.,  -olina  dint,  vezz.,  -osetto 
or  -osSno  dim.  vczz.  of  -pso,  -osita,  -oso  full  of 
wrinkles,  -ume  mass  of  wrinkles. 

Gripo  m.  (A);  a  species  of  humming-bird, 
Grypits. 

*(B)  (L.,<Gr.  fpifyx);   —,  or  Grifo,  a  kind  of 
fishing-net. 

Grippe  m.  (Fr.,<£ri/er,  to  seize, 
<  O.H.G.  grifan,  v.  Grifagno)  ;  in- 
fluenza. 

Grippia  or  Grippa/I;  (mar.)  buoy-rope,  at- 
tached to  the  anchor,  and  to  a  buoy  marking  its 
position. 

Grippiale  m.  ;  (wrtr.)=Gavitello,  anchor-buoy. 
•Grippo  m.  (O.H.G.  grtfaa,  a  var.  of  grt/an, 
v.  Grifagno);  (mar.)  piratical  ship. 

GrippolayT;  ruddle,  red  chalk. 

Grisantemo  m.;  pop.  for  Crisantemo. 

Grisatoio  m.  (a  word  representing  the  Fr. 
grisoir,  prob.  <  grist;  fer  grist,  iron  left  in  the 
rough  and  so  grey  ;  for  gris,  grey,  v.  Grigio)  ;  riesel- 
iron,  a  kind  of  nipper  used  by  glaziers  for  removing 
irregularities  from  the  edges  of  glass  ;  also  termed 
Topo,  Rosicchino. 

Griselle/  pi.  (</»'»«.  <!„  gricenea,  thick  rope, 
in  Festtis);  (mar.)  ratlines. 

*Grisellino  ;  =  GrideIlino,  lilac  (colour). 
•  Grisettay;  (Fr.);  i.  cloth  made  of  mixed  silk 
and  wool.     ii.    grisette,  work-girl  of  gay  life. 

Grisettina  /.  ;  (bot.)  Geranium  rvhtndift'liinu, 
also  termed  Malvaccini. 

•Griso;  i.  =  Grigio,  grey.     ii.  as  sb.,  grey  cloth. 

Grisola  f.  ;  -  Pighamosche,  flycatcher  (bird). 
*  grating  of  woven  canes  or  withies. 


*Grisolampo  or  'Grisoleo  ;«.;  i.ij.  Grisolito. 

Grisolia  /.;  (mar.)  foxy  defect  in  wood,  where 
the  sap  has  fermented  owing  to  contact  with  the  air 
through  a  wound,  Fr.  grisettt'. 

*Grisolit-o  m. ,  -a/!;  =  Crisolito. 
•Grisomela/i;  i.  tomato,    ii.  quince,    iii.  apricot. 
GrisopAzio  (Grisopasso)  /«. :  =  Crisopasso. 
Grisp-igno  or  -ignolo  »t.  (L.  i rispus) ;  =  Cicer. 
bita,  sow-thistle. 

Grissino  m.  ;  i.q.  Gressino. 
Gro  m. ;  a  strong  silk  material,  the 
Fr.  gros. 

Groenlandia;  Greenland. 
*Grofano  w.;  =  Garofano,  clove. 
tGrofo  m. ;  a  term  used  at  Volterra  for  the  in- 
crustation on  a  salt-pan. 

Etym.  Perhaps  akin  to  Groppo,  as  that  which 
is  sticking  out,  or<O.H.G.  gcrob,  coarse,  v.  Skeat, 
su/i  Gruff. 

Grogiol-are  ind.  grogiolo  ;  i.  =  Ro- 
solare,  to  toast.  2.  -arsi,  i.q.  Crogio- 
larsi,  to  enjoy  oneself,  v.  Crogiolare  (3). 

Grdgiolo  m. ;  =  Crogiolo,  toasting. 

Grogiblo  in. ;  =Crogiuolo,  crucible. 

GrdgO  or  Grubgo  in. ;  (hot.}  i.  dyer's 
bastard  safflower,  Carthainus  tinftorius, 
also  termed  Zafferano  falso,  Zafferano 
saracinesco,  Cartamo  de'  tintori.  2.  — 
selvatico,  meadow-saffron,  Colchicum 
<tntnmnale,  also  termed  Colchico  au- 
tunnale,  Zafferano  bastardo. 

*  Grograno  m. ;  =  Grossagrana. 

*  Grollare  ;  =  Crollare. 
Gr6ma/;;  a  surveyor's  instrument. 
Gr6mma/i;  v.  Gruma. 

Gromm-are  ind.  grommo  ;  to  form 
a  crust,  -ata  f. ;  a  goldsmith's  com- 
position made  of  tartar  and  water, 
-ato;  thickly  crusted,  -o  m. ;  coagulum 
of  blood.  -6so ;  i.q.  -ato. 

tGr6nchio;  i.  ~  Aggrauchito,  numbed,  ii.  slack, 
lazy. 

tGr6nciolo  ;//.;  i.  —  Erbucce,  Bricioli.  ii.  Jig. , 
-:  Krbuccia  (3). 

Grdnda/  (A) ;  i.  eaves,  projecting 
part  of  a  roof.  2.  a  special  form  of  tile 
used  at  the  ends  of  the  eaves.  3.  Cor- 
renti  da  — ,  rafters  running  along  to 
support  the  eaves.  4.  —  d'  un  lago, 
slope  off  which  the  water  drains  into 
the  lake.  5.  —  delta  barca  del  grano, 
layers  of  sheaves  laid  aslant  so  as  to 
shoot  the  rain-water  off  the  stack. 
6.  Far  — ,  of  ground,  to  slope.  7.  in 
pi.,  the  vertical  folds  into  which  a  dress 
falls.  8.  A— .sloping;  Cappello  a — , 
hat  with  a  drooping  rim.  9.  the  ends 
of  branches  which  extend  over  one's 
neighbour's  land. 

Etym.  L.  gntitda,  a  word  given  by  the  glossary 
of  Philoxenus  as  meaning  eaves  and  occurring  in  the 
compound  suggrunda,  under-side  of  the  eaves,  sug- 
grundia,  foundation,  piles,  a  word  given  by  Isidore. 
Cognate  forms  are  old  Icelandic  grind,  door,  lattice, 
cattle-pen,  A.S.  grindel,  bar,  bolt,  O.H.G.  grintil, 
bolt,  beam,  carriage-pole,  old  Prussian  grandico, 
plank,  v.  Walde,  sub  Grunda. 

t(B)  Far  la  — =  Far  cipiglio,  to  be  cross,  in  which 
sense  the  word  is  akin  to  Fr.  grander,  to  scold, <L. 
grundirt,  a  var.  of  grunnirf,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Grunt. 

Grond-aia/  (-aio  ;//.);  I.  gutter  on 
a  roof.  2.  drip  of  water  from  a  roof, 
eaves-drip.  Prov.  Fuggir  1'  acqua  sotto 
le  -aie,  //'/.  to  take  shelter  from  the  rain 
under  the  drip  from  the  eaves,  i.e.  to  be 
out  of  one  trouble  by  getting  into 
another. 

Grondai61a/  ;  long,  flat  tile  used  in 
forming  the  eaves,  eaves-tile. 


GRONDARE— GRUGNO 


291 


Grondare  ind.  grondo;  to  drip. 

Grondat6io  HI.  ;  (arch.}  larmier,  the  corona  of 
a  Doric  cornice,  a  large,  flat,  projecting  member 
which  crowns  the  entablature. 

Grondatura  / ;  drip. 

*  Grondea  f. ;  =  Gronda. 

Grond-eggiare  ind.  gronddggio ; 
freq.  of  -are,  to  drip. 

+  Gr6nd-o  ///.;  =  Gocciolo,  drop.    Ajf.  -ino  dim. 

Gronddne  ;«. ;  i.  gutter  fixed  under 
the  eaves  of  the  roof  of  a  cottage. 

2.  extra  large  pantile  used  in  forming 
the  eaves  of  a  house. 

Grond6ni  adv. ;  Andare  grondon, 
grondoni,  to  go  very  slowly,  to  come 
crawling  along,  with  one's  head  hang- 
ing down. 

Gr6ngO  (Congro)  m.  (L.,  <  Gr. 
yayypos)  ;  conger-eel,  Muraena  conger. 
t —  de  funale,  =  Molva,  ling  (fish). 

Grbppa  f.  (fogn.  Fr.  croupe,  Pro- 
venc.  cropa,  Span,  grupa  ;  of  Germanic 
origin,  the  primitive  meaning  being 
hunch,  v.  infra  Gruppo,  and  Skeat, 
sub  Crop);  I.  crupper,  the  back  of  a 
beast  of  burden  from  the  saddle  to  the 
tail.  2.  Aver  degli  anni  sulla  — ,  or 
sul  groppone,  to  be  of  a  certain  age. 

3.  Non  ne  volere  sulla  — ,  to  be  lazy. 

4.  Avere,  or  Restare  una  cosa  in  — ,  to 
have  it  thrown  in  as  an  extra  to  a  large 
purchase  ;    Gli    ho   dato    mille   franchi 
de'  libri  e  ho  avuto  in  —  gli  scaffali  e 
la  scrivania,   I   gave   him   a   thousand 
francs  for  the  books  and  got  the  shelves 
and  desk   thrown   in.      5.    rump,  as   a 
butcher's  joint. 

Groppatayi;  I.  croupade,  a  jump 
in  which  the  horse  draws  up  his  hind 
legs  towards  the  belly.  2.  (mar.) 
squall. 

Gropptera/;  I.  caparison.  2.  crup- 
per-strap from  the  saddle  to  the  loop  for 
the  tail. 

Gr6ppO  m. (iw.ofGroppa) ;  I.  knot. 
Far  —  alia  gola,  or  allo  stomaco,  of 
food,  to  be  indigestible.  2.  (war.)  squall. 

*i.    money-bag,     ii.    Aver   fatto   il   — ,    to   have 
stopped  growing. 

Groppdne  /«.,  augin.  Groppa,  q.v. 
(i)  to  (3) ;  Piegar  il  — ,  to  put  one's  back 
into  it,  to  work  hard. 

*  Gropposo ',  —  Nodoso,  knotty. 
*Groscile  ///.;  gizzard. 

Grosella  /. ;  a  Gallicism  for  goose- 
berry, groseille. 

Ordssa  f. ;  I.  gross,  twelve  dozen. 
2.  the  third  sleep  of  a  silkworm,  v. 
Bianca  (i). 

*i.  an  old  liquid-measure,     ii.  a  coin. 

*  Grossaggine  f. ;  ignorance,  roughness. 

Grossagrana  /. ;  grogram,  gros  de 
Naples,  a  kind  of  coarse  cloth  of  silk  or 
mohair. 

Gross-amente ;  adv.  of-o. 
Grosserello  ;  crass,  dull,  stupid. 

Grosseiia/;  i.  goldsmith's  work 
of  some  size,  opposed  to  Minuteria. 
2.  //jt'.  =  Gofferia,  crassness. 

Gross-ettino  sub-dim.,  -itto  dim.,  of  -o. 


i.  size.  2.  thickness. 
3.  coarseness.  4.  volume  of  water,  in 
a  swollen  river.  5.  density  of  a  liquid. 
*  pregnancy. 

Grossifcre  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Grossista, 
wholesale  dealer.  2.  manufacturer  of 
gold  plate,  v.  Grosseria. 

Grossmo;  dim.  rezz.  Grosso  adj.  or  sb. 

Grossista  m. ;  v.  Grossiere  (i). 

Grbss-o  (late  L.  giossus,  a  word  of 
Celtic  origin,  cp.  Irish  ires,  Cornish 
bras,  thick ;  grossus  is  also  the  source 
of  old  Fr. gros,>1L.  gross;  not  akin  to 
Germ,  gross) ;  i .  big.  2.  thick  (wall, 
rope,  liquid,  air,  oryff.  intellect).  Vino 
— ,  muddy.  3.  coarse.  4.  dull  of  hear- 
ing ;  E  un  po'  —  d'  udito,  or  scherz ;  E 
di  campane  -e,  his  hearing  is  a  bit  dull. 
5.  swollen  (river).  6.  rough  (sea). 
7.  Spiaggia  -a,  shingly  beach.  8.  Dito 
— ,  thumb.  9.  pregnant.  10.  thickly 
populated,  ii.  Bestie  -e,  neat  cattle, 
of  the  ox  tribe.  12.  Pezzo  — ,  important 
personage.  13.  —  or  Di  -a  pasta,  raw, 
ignorant.  14.  Essere,  or  Star  —  con 
alcuno,  to  be  in  his  bad  books.  15.  Dirle 
-e,  to  say  silly  things  ;  Ditela  -a,  or  piu 
-a,  an  expression  used  on  hearing  a  silly 
remark.  16.  Questa  6  -a,  this  is  rather 
too  much!  17.  Alia  -a,  in  the  rough, 
broadly.  18.  Bever  — ,  not  to  look 
closely  into  things.  19.  Negoziante  in 
— ,  wholesale  merchant. 

As  sb.,  20.  a  silver  coin  formerly  in 
use,  worth  nearly  three  pence.  21.  v. 
supra,  Grossa. 

Grossolan-o ;  gross,  coarse.  Fieno 
— , coarse  hay,grown  in  swampyground. 
Ajf.  -amente. 

Grossbne  m.;  i.q.  Grosso  (19). 

Gross-6tto  ;  augin.  vezz.  of  -o,  rather 
coarse. 

Grossularia  f.;  i.  (hot.)  hairy  gooseberry,  v. 
Uva  (2).  2.  (>«/«.)  a  green  variety  of  granite. 

Etytn.  Fr.  groseitle  or  Span.  jfr«w//rt,<Germ. 
KrtiHsel(beere\<kraiis,  curly.  Cp.  northern  English 
grosers  for  gooseberries,  in  Skeat,  sub  Gooseberry. 

Grossume  /«. ;  sediment. 

Grost-a^;  pop.  for  Crosta.  tDar  le  -e,  =  Dar 
le  briscole,  to  beat. 

tGrostfno  ///. ;  i.  =  Crostino.  ii.  scherz.  for 
Agostino. 

Gr6tt-a/;  i.  cave,  grotto.  2.  Dar 
—  alia  palla,  or  Grotteggiare  la  palla, 
in  playing  bowls,  to  send  one's  bowl 
against  the  sloping  edge  of  the  ground 
as  a  means  of  bowling  it  where  desired, 
v.  Grotto. 

*i.  rocky  wall,  bank  or  ridge,  D.  Inf.  21.  no, 
Purg.  3;  90  and  Purg.  27.  87.  ii.  Far  -e  di  leone,  to 
put  on  a  threatening  look,  as  it  were,  to  make  the 
petitioner  feet  as  if  he  were  in  a  lion's  den. 

Etyin.  In  sense  of  cave  <  bit.  grttffa,  <  L. 
c rypla,  <  Gr.  (tpvnrw,  to  hide,  but  this  derivation 
hardly  accounts  fur  sense  (2)  above,  nor  for  that  of 
rocky  wall  in  Dante.  Cp.  infra  Grotto. 

Grottaione  m. ;  bee-ealer  (bird),  Merops  api- 
aster,  also  termed  Dardano,  Dardo,  Gaulo,  Golo, 
Goro,  Grallo,  Graulo,  Grayolo,  Grucciolo,  Gruccione, 
Mangia-api,  Merope,  Picciaferro,  Tevolo,  Tordo 
marino,  Vespiere. 

Grott-eggiare  ind.  grotteggio ;  v.  -a  (2). 
-erella  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 

Grottesc-a  f.,  grotesque  drawing;  -amente 
adv.',  -ato,  grotesquely  painted;  v.  -o. 

Grotteschfnay^;  dim.  Grottesca. 

Grottesco  ;   i.  grotesque.     2.  in//. 


as  sb.,  grotesque  stage-dancers.  The 
word  originated  from  the  arabesques 
found  painted  in  undergroundchambers, 
Grotte,  especially  in  the  baths  of  Titus 
at  Rome. 

tGrott£to  m.',  locality  full  of  caves. 

Grott-icella  or  -icina/;  dim.  vest,  -a. 
'Grotto  m.  (A)  (perhaps  for  Rotto,  part,  of  Rom- 
pere,  to  break  ;  for  the  prothetic  g,  cp.  Grampa  for 
Kainpa,    Granocchio    for     Ranocchio)  ;    i.     broken 
ground,     t  ii.    bank  at  the  border  of  a  field. 

(B)  (L.  onocrotalus,=Qr.  6poicporaAo$,  pelican, 
successively  corrupted  into  Onocrotalo,  Onagrottolo, 
Agrotto,  Grotto,  all  which  forms  are  on  record)  ; 
pelican. 

*  Grottone  m.  ;  i.  augin.  Grotta,  cave.    tii.  man 
with  a  forbidding  expression. 

*Grottos-o;   i.    full  of  caves,     ii.    Ciglia  -e,  = 
Aggrottate,  frowning. 

Grovacco  m.;  the  German  Grawutacke,  a  word 
coined  from  grau,  grey,   IVacke,   flint,  in   English 
geology,  graywacke,  a  kind  of  pudding-stone. 
Groviera  m.  ;  i.q.  Gruera. 

Groviglia/  ;  usu.  in  dim.  form  Gro- 
vigliola  (var.  of  Grovigliolo)  ;  kink  in  a 
twisted  string. 

Grovigliolo  in.  ;  knot  in  a  fabric. 


Etym.  nnk>i.\  the  suggestions  are  (i)  Gr.  xpo>- 
/3v'Aos,  knot  of  hair  on  the  top  of  the  head,  through 
a  bit  **crobilio,  (2)  L.  revolvcre,  through  a  bit. 
**  revolvicitlum,  with  prothetic  g. 

Gru  m.  or  f.  (Grua,  Grue  or  Gruga 
/),  (L.  grus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Crane)  ; 
i.  crane  (bird  or  machine).  2.  (mar.) 
davit  ;  —  di  capone,  cat-head.  3.  —  a 
carro,  overhead  travelling  crane. 

Gruccia  (Cruccia)  /  (bit.  crocca  or 
croccia,  from  the  same  root  as  Crocco, 
q.v.);  i.  crutch.  2.  crutch-shaped  arm 
in  a  cupboard  for  hanging  up  clothes. 
3.  T-shaped  door-handle  or  handle  of 
a  walking-stick.  4.  dibble  for  setting 
vine-cuttings.  5.  crutch-shaped  perch 
for  a  captive  owl. 

*i.  wooden  leg.  ii.  Far  la  —  a  una  figura,  to 
mutilate  a  figure  in  a  picture,  iii.  Tenere  uno  sulla 
—  ,  to  keep  him  in  suspense. 

Grucciare  ;  in  a  tannery,  to  keep  the  skins 
spread  out  for  drying. 

Grucciat-a  f.;  blow  with  a  crutch.  Prov. 
Agli  zoppi  -e,  cripples  are  beaten  with  their  crutches, 
i.e.  trouble  comes  to  trouble. 

Grucciolo  or  Gruccidne  m.  ;  bee-eater,  v. 
Grottaione. 

Grue  ;  v.  Gru. 

Gru^ra  or  pop.  Groviera  m.  ;  Gruy- 
6re  cheese,  originally  made  at  Gruyere 
in  the  canton  of  Freiburg  in  Switzer- 
land. 


y^;   (mar.)  i.    bumkin.     2.    a  kind  of 
belaying-bitt. 

*Grufare;  i.  =Grufolare.     ii.  to  carry  off. 

Grufia/:;=Colui  che  col  fiato  lavora  vetri  alia 
lucerna  (Sergent,  A.  e  M.). 

Grufol-are  or  Rufolare  ind.  grufolo 
(altered  from  Grifolare,  <  It.  grifo)  ; 
i.  of  a  pig,  to  root.  2.  fig.  to  poke 
about  for  curiosity.  3.  to  dig  in  a  feeble 
way.  4.  -arsi,  to  wallow.  *=Grugnire, 
to  grunt. 

Grufol-6ne  m.,  -6na  /  ;  one  who 
pokes  about,  v.  -are  (2). 

*Gruga/;  =  Gru,  crane. 

Grugare  (imit.)  ;  to  coo. 

Grugn-accio/c££%,  -etto  -ino  dims.,  of-o. 

Grugn-ire  (Grugnare)  ind.  -isco  (L. 
grunnire,  of  imit.  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Grunt)  ;  to  grunt.  Aff.  -(to,  -it<5re. 

Grugno  ;;/.  (back  formation<  Grugn- 
ire,  cp.  Fr.  groin  and  Provenc.  groing, 

37—2 


292 


GRUGNONA— GUALMA 


snout, <¥ \.grogner  or  Proven^,  gronir, 
to  grunt);  I.  snout,  properly  of  a  pig. 
2.  Far  — ,  Tener  — ,  to  growl,  show  ill- 
temper.  3.  (bot.)  (a)  =  Granchierella, 
dodder;  (b)  —  di  porco,  dandelion,  v. 
Dente  (5,  c). 

Grugn6n-a  /,  -accio  pegg.,  of  -e. 
Grugn6ne  m. ;  sulky-looking  person. 

*  i.  =  Guscione,  empty  husk  of  a  chestnut,    ii.  blow 
on  the  face,  ustt.  Sgrugnone. 

Grull-aggine  sb.,  -erello  -erella  dims,  vezz., 
-erelldne  migm.  7>ezz.t  -eria  act  or  saying  of  a  -o, 
-ino  dim.  vezz.\  v.  -o. 

Grull-o  7/z.,  -a/  ;  dolt.  Aff.  -onac- 
c\o  pegg*)  -one  augm. 

Etym.  ttnkn,  A  possible  suggestion  is  that  of 
derivation  from  some  bit.  dint,  of  L.  grits,  young 
cranes  being  noted  for  stupidity;  the  existence  of 
such  a  dim.  is  evidenced  by  Span,  grnlla  and 
Portug.  grnlha,  crane. 

Gruma  or  Grdmma  /  (prob.  a  var. 
of  Grumo) ;  incrustation,  esp,  the  tartar 
of  a  wine-cask. 

Grumata_/C;  solution  of  tartar. 

Grumato  ;  i.  stopped-up  (pipe). 
2.  as  sb.,  a  species  of  fungus. 

Grumer^ccio  m.  ;    second  crop  of 

hay. 

Etym.  iinkn.     Perhaps  for  **Digrumereccio  (< 
Digruma,  voracity),  suitable  for  feeding  rough  cattle. 
Grum-ettfno  sub-dim.,  -etto  </*>«.,  of-o. 

Grumo  m. ;  clot.     *  flower-bud. 

Etym.  L.  grumits,  "heap  of  earth,  hillock; 
as  'earth  scratched  together,'  akin  to  Germ.,  strictly 
Low  Germ.,  Krume;  A.S.  crutne,  little  bit,  and  to 
O.H.G.  krouwon,  to  scratch,  work  at  with  the  nails, 
and  Gr.  ypO,  dirt  under  the  nail,  ypv-nj,  ypvfxaia, 
ypu/Liea,  rubbish,  residue  of  fish  (that  which  is  scratched 
together).  Further  developed  in  Gr.  ypviros,  hooked, 
•ypuJTOta),  to  curl  up,  ypvi/f,  ypviros,  griffin,  so  called 
from  its  claws ;  the  fundamental  idea  of  the  whole 
group  Is  that  of  a  finger  hooked  up  for  scratching 
and  drawing  together,  cp.  also  O.H.G.  chrouiuil', 
Germ.  Krauel,  three-pronged  fork,  talon,  claw" 
(Walde).  Cp.  Skeat,  sub  Crumb. 


Grum61-o  m.  (cogn.  Yr. 
grumulus,  dim.  of  gmmus,  i>.  Grumo); 
i.  heart  of  a  cabbage,  lettuce,  or  the 
like.  2.  the  inside  of  a  water-melon, 
after  removal  of  the  seeds.  Aff,  -e*tto 
-ino  dims. 


Grumol6s-o  ;    (Pianta)   -a, 
heart,  like  cabbage. 


with 


Grum6so;  clotted,  ?>.  Grumo. 

*  Grunaro  j«.;  =  Staccio,  bolter. 

*  Grungo  m.  ;  =  Grugno  (3). 
Gru6go  «/.  ;  =  Grogo,  saffron. 
Grupp-etto  m.\   i.  dim.  -o.     2.  (inns.)  embel- 

lishment, turn.     Aff.  -ettmo  sub-dim. 

*Gruppiere  m.\  at  certain  card-games,  banker. 

Gruppito;  (Diamante)—,  cut  with  eight  facets; 
the  origin  of  the  term  is  that  the  stone  being  then 
high  in  proportion  to  its  base,  presents  a  grouped 
aspect. 

Gruppo  ;//.  ;  i.  group.  2.  (eccL}  part 
of  a  monstrance  formed  by  silver  clouds. 
3.  package  of  valuables  entrusted  to  the 
guard  of  a  train.  4.  —  semplice  di 
scotta,  single  bend,  weaver's  knot  ; 
—  di  scotta  doppio,  double  bend. 

*i.  =  Involto,  parcel,  ii.  Sciorre  il  —  ,  to  break 
off  relations  with.  iii.  —  della  gola,  Adam's  apple 
in  the  throat,  the  protuberance  of  the  thyroid  car- 
tilage. iv.  whirlwind,  v.  plot  of  a  play. 

Etym.  A  var.  of  Groppo,  from  a  Germanic 
root  meaning  "to  collect,"  cp.  O.H.G.  kropj,  pro- 
tuberance, v.  Skeat,  sub  Group.  Perhaps  akin  to 
Grumo. 

*Gruvay^;=Gru,  crane. 

*Gru2z-o;  v.  -olo. 


Gnizzol-0  m. ;  savings  collected  little 
by  little.  Aff,  -dtto  dim. 

Etym.  A  dim.  of  Gruzzo,  of  doubtful  origin. 
Probably  <  O.H.G.  gruzzi,  grits,  coarse  oatmeal, 
akin  to  A.S.  grot,>K.  groat,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Grit, 
Groat. 

Gua' ;  sync,  for  Guarda,  look,  used  as 
an  expression  of  surprise  or  irony. 

-  chi    mi    capita,  just   fancy   who    is 
coming  to  see  me.   Bello,  — ,  that  really 
is  fine.    Ci  ho  la  cava  — ,  oh  yes,  I  have 
a  mine   of  gold!       -  pensatela   come 
volete,  mi  piace  cosi,  you  may  think  just 
what  you  please  about  it,  this  is  how  I 
mean  to  have  it.     II  fratello,  — ,  non 
aveva  agito  sempre  bene,  the  brother, 
you  see,  had  not  always  acted  straight. 
£   vero  — ,  there  is  no  sort  of  doubt 
about  it. 

Guacaro  m. ;  the  guacharo  bird,  a  species  of 
goat-sucker  found  in  the  cavern  of  Guacharo,  in 
tropical  America,  Steatonris  caripeusis. 

Guacco  m. ;  little  bittern,  Ardea  jiiimita,  also 
termed  Nonnotto. 

Guaco  ;«.;  (bot.)  snake-bite  plant,  Mikttnia 
gitaco. 

Guada  or  Guaderella  (Gualda)  f.  (cogn.  Fr. 
gaude,  Span,  giialdo,  from  a  Teutonic  base  **iuald, 
meaning  "belonging  to  the  wood,"  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Weld.J-/'.);  (bot.}  Erba  — ,  dyers'  rocket,  v.  Erba (55). 

Guadabile;  fordable. 

Guadagna  f. ;  irrigation  channel  with  deep 
holes  at  intervals  to  retain  the  water. 

Guadagn-are  (cogn.  Fr.  gagner,  <  old 
Fr.  gaagner,  with  sb.  gaaing,  meaning 
both  pasture-ground  and  profit,  Span. 
£>£MKtr,*CO.H.G.  wcidnnfin,  to  pasture, 
also  to  go  out  hunting;  root  tveidh  to 
hunt,  an  extension  of  the  root  weia  to 
pursue,  i>.  Skeat  ed.  1910,  sub  Gain  and 
infra,  Venatore  etyw.) ;  to  gain,  to  win. 

-  la  vita,  to  earn  one's  living.       -  la 
mano,  to  get  out  of  control,  ?'.  Mano 
(42).      —  di  sopravento,  (mar.}  to  fetch 
to    windward,     -ars'i    il    passaggio,    to 
work  one's  passage.     Aff.  -abile. 

Guadagnata/;  i.  at  Pallone,  the 
boundary  of  the  ground,  hence  2.  fig. 
Passare  la  — ,  to  go  too  far,  to  exceed 
the  decencies  of  conversation. 

Guadagnerello  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Guadagno. 

Guadagn-etto  m.\  dim.  -o,  moderate  gain. 

Guadagno  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Guadagn- 
are.  2.  Mettere  a  — ,  to  put  out  at  in- 
terest. 3.  Cavallo  di  — ,  stallion. 

Guadagn-6ne  m.\  au%m.  of-o.  -ucchiare; 
dim.  of -are.  -uccio  /«,;  dim.  of-o. 

Guadare ;  to  ford,  if.  Guado. 

*Guade;  i.  f.  pi. \- Vangaiuole,  nets.  ii.  ;//.;= 
Guado. 

Guaderella  /;  (bot.)  i.  —  de'  tintori,  dyers' 
rocket,  ?'.  Guada.  2.  —  crociata,  wild  mignonette, 
Reseda  littta. 

Guado  m.  (A) ;  ford. 


Etym.  Cogii,  old  Fr.^'7^rf(>Fr.^'M^),  Provenc.. 
£«<i,<O.H.G.  ivatt  ford.  But  Span,  vado  and  Sar- 
dinian -vadu  are  <  the  cogn.  L.  vadum ;  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Wade. 

(B)  —  or  Guadone  (O.H.G.  weit^  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Woad);  (bot.}  woad,  Isatis 
tinctoria. 

"Guaffilew.;  (v.  Gueffa)=Guindolo. 
* Guaffo ;  rude. 

*  Guaglianza/.;=  Eguaglian/a,  equality. 
tGuaglidne  m.\  cheat. 

*Guagnele;  i.  AHe  — ,  (an  oath)  on  the  gospels, 
ii.  =Sciocco,  Dappoco. 

*GuagneIo  m. ;  =  Evangelo,  gospel. 
*Guagnespole;  Alle  — .  i.q.  Alle  guagnele. 

Guai  (A)  (<  Gothic  wot  or  O.H.G. 


we,  which  are  akin  to  Gr.  oi-at,  ami,  L. 
vae,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wo) ;  woe. 

(B);  imii.  of  a  dog's  whine. 
tGuaia/;-Verlia,  shrike. 

Guaiaco  m.,  or  Guaiacanay".  (from  the  native 
name,  at  S.  Domingo,  gitaiacan,  given  to  several 
plants  used  for  snake-bite);  (bot.)  guaiacum,  Guaia- 
cum  ojficinale,  also  termed  Legno  santo,  or  the  wood 
thereof,  or  its  exuded  gum. 

*Guailare  ;  =  Guaire,  to  whine. 

Guafme  m.  (for  **guadime^  <  O.  H.G. 
-,ida.)  grass,  ?'.  Guadagnare;  cp.  Fr. 
regain,  after-grass)  ;  after-grass,  growth 
after  haymaking. 

Guaimentare  (Guamentare);  to  wail. 

Guaina  f.  (cogn.  Neapolitan  dial. 
vaina,  Span,  vaina^  Fr.  gaine\  <  L. 
vagina} ;  i.  sheath.  2.  piping  in  which 
the  draw-string  of  a  bag  or  article  of 
dress  runs.  *purse. 

Guainato;  (bot.)  provided  with  a  sheath. 

Guain-ellay:;  i.  dim.  -a.  2.  carob  tree,  v. 
Carrubbio. 

Guainettay;;  (bot.)  dim.  Guaina,  sheath. 
*Guainoni  m.  pl.\  traces  of  a  carriage. 

Guaio  m.  (v.  Guai);  woe.  *  wailing,  D.  Inf. 
5-  3- 

Gua-ire  ind.  -isco  (either  <L.  vagire, 
to  squeal,  or  more  probably  imit.} ;  of  a 
dog,  to  squeal.  *As  adv.  =  Guari. 

Guairo  m.\  herring-gull,  v.  Gabbiano  (3,^")- 
Guaito  "/.;  vbsb.  of  Guaire.    *  =  Guato,  ambush. 

*  Guala  y.  (v.   Guale);    Palamento  in  — ,  with 
oars  ready  to  go. 

*  G  ualca  f. ;  =  Gualchiera. 

Gualc-are ;  i.  =  Sod  are,  to  press 
(cloth),  to  full.  2.  =  Gualcire,  to  crum- 
ple. Aff.  -amento. 

Ktym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  gaudier,  =  ** gualchier 
(Norse  jfT'a/cA^),<O.H.G.  ivalchan  (>Germ.  ivalk- 
cn),  to  beat,  pound,  solidify,  cp.  A.S.  ivealcan,  to 
travel  round,  ?>.  Skeat,  sub  Walk,  old  Scand.  -watka, 
to  roll  over,  also  O.H.G.  walzan,  cog-ti.  to  A.S. 
vealtian  (v.  Skeat,  sub  Welter),  to  roll  over,  turn 
round  and  round,  thus  following  the  same  order  of 
ideas  as  that  under  which  Gr.  oAoaw,  to  thresh  corn, 
was  developed,  vis.  the  travelling  of  the  ox  round 
and  round  the  threshing-floor  and  treading  out  the 
corn.  With  this  cp.  also  Lith.  vel-ti,  which  means 
to  press  down  tight  and  also  to  wrap  round.  The 
root  therefore  of  walchan  was  we  I,  to  roll,  i>.  Volgere. 

Gualchier-ay:;  fulling-mill.  Aff.  -aio,  cloth- 
presser. 

Gualc-ire  ind,  -isco  (uar.  of  Gualc- 
are);  i.  to  crumple,  e.g.  flowers.  2.  to 
rumple  (a  dress).  t  =  Macerare. 

Gualda;  v.  Guada. 

Gualdana  / ;  i .  foray.  2.  band  of 
raiders. 

Etym.  Cogn.  mlt.  gualda.ua  or  'waldnna,  either 
<M.H.G.  waldan,  to  assault  (perhaps<the  war-cry 
vol  dan,  forward  !),  or<ivalt  (>Germ.  Wald,  wood), 
in  which  case  the  original  meaning  would  be  hunting 
excursion. 

*GuaIdirosso  >«.;=  Rosso  di  guado. 

*Gualdo  m.  (O.H.G.  wait,  wood,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Wood);  i.  =  Bosco,  wood.  ii.  =Guidalesco,  flaw,  cp. 
Macchia,  which  means  both  "thicket"and  "mess." 

Gualdrappa  f. ;  saddle-cloth. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  and  Portug.  gnaldrapa, 
Germ.  (Bavarian)  ivaltrappen,  of  unknown  origin, 
perhaps  a  compound  of  which  the  first  syllable  means 
wrap,  zf.  Gualcare,  etym.,  and  the  second  is  trap, 
cloth,  v.  Drappo. 

*Guale;  =  Eguale,  equal. 

*Gualercio  (Gualerchio)  ;  i.  =  Guercio.  ii.  = 
Lercio. 

Etym.  itnkn.  Probably  <  gua-(tare)  -f  lercio,  = 
Sardinian  lerzu,  oblique,<M.H.G.  lerz,  left-handed. 

*  Gualivo ;  =  Eguale,  equal. 

*Gualm-a/^;  mire.  *-o;  i.  rumpled,  ii.  dirty. 
Etym.  Either  (i)<O.H.G.  ivalm,  thick  mist 
(>Germ.  Qualm,  vapour),  akin  to  O.H.G.  walla n, 
to  boil,  7-.  Skeat,  sub  Well  (sb.),  or  (a)<  O.H.G. 
qualm,  destruction  (>  Germ.  *  Qualm,  faintness), 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Qualm,  Quail  (v&.).  But  the  meaning 
of  the  Ital.  word  is  not  well  accounted  for  by  either 
derivation. 


GUAMENTARE— GUARGUATTAGIO 


293 


*Guamentare  ;  v.  Guaimeutare. 
Guanaco  m.  (Peruvian  hitanacu);  as  E. 

Guancia  /  ;  cheek,  either  lit.  or  of 
things,  e.g.  a  plough. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  wanga  or  ivntika  (>Germ. 
Wange\  through  a  form  **<wankia)  developed 
perhaps  _by  influence  of  L.  ganacia,  v.  Ganascia. 
Wanga  is  grab,  akin  to  A.S.  ivang,  Gothic  waggs, 
a  field,  v.  Yanga,  so  that  the  original  meaning  is 
that  of  flat  surface. 

Guancial-aio  in.;  one  who  lets  out  pillows  for 
a  railway  journey,  -ata  /.;  blow  with  a  pillow. 

Guancial-e  m.  (It.  guancia);  pillow. 
Dormir  fra  due  -i,  or  col  capo  fra  due  -i, 
to  live  at  ease.  —  d'  oro,  v.  Guan- 
cialino. 

Guanciale'tto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Guanciale. 

2.  padding    to    improve     the     figure. 
3-  =  Guancialino,  pin-cushion.     4.  ink- 
ing-pad.    5.  —  della  civetta,  padding  on 
an  owl's  perch.     6.   Bozze  a  —  ,  (arch.) 
ornamentation  in  the  shape  of  rounded 
knobs. 

Guancialino  ;//.  ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Gu- 
anciale. 2.  —  da  cucire,  pin-cushion. 

3.  cushion  upon  which  to  cut  gold-leaf 
for  gilding.    4.  —  ,  or  Guanciale  d'  oro  ; 
Fare  a  —  ,  a  child's  game  in  which  he 
hides  his  head  in  a  person's  lap  and 
guesses  who  touches  his  back.    5.  Fare 
a  —  ,  (a)  v.  supra  (4),  (b)  when  two  per- 
sons interlock  arms  so  as  to  make  a 
seat  for  a  third.     6.  railway-sleeper. 

Guanci-albne  m.  ;  tiugin.  of  -ale. 

Guanciata  /  ;  slap  on  the  face. 
tGuanciolay?;  pig's  cheek,  for  eating. 
*Guancione  in.  ;  severe  blow  on  the  face. 
t  Guanno  (Unguanno);  this  year. 

Guano  ttr.  (Peruvian  hna.no,  dung):  as  E. 

Guantai-o  ;«.,  -a  /  ;  glove-maker. 

Guant-eria  J.  ;  glove  manufactory. 
-iera  f.  ;  i.  silver  dish  in  which  it  was 
formerly  customary  to  lay  gloves.  2.  sil- 
ver card-tray. 

Guant-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  gant,  mlt. 
wantus,  <  O.  H.G.  wand,  cloth,  <  wind, 
vb.,  cp.  Germ.  Gewand,  robe,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Gauntlet,  Wind,  •vb.)  ;  i.  glove. 
2.  Mezzi  -i,  mittens.  3.  -i  di  pelle,  dog- 
skin or  kid  gloves.  4.  Pelle  di  —  ,  or 
simply  —  ,  leather  for  gloves  ;  Scarpe  di 
pelle  di  —  ,  kid  shoes. 

*i.  Dare,  Donare  il  —  ,  to  give  security  for  a 
promise,  ii.  Dar  nel  —  ,  to  fall  into  the  clutches  of. 
lii.  L'  amore  passa  i  -i,  i.e.  friends  may  shake  hands 
in  gloves,  need  not  stand  upon  ceremony,  iv.  = 
Bracciale,  q.  v.  Balzar  la  palla  sul  —  ,  to  be  a 
favourable  opportunity. 

*  Guanto,  or  Ganto  ;  Ghent,  in  Belgium. 

tGuappo(Giiapo)/".  (Span.  gnafo,  bold,  <"vaf- 
fus,  v.  Vampa);  haughty. 

'Guaragno  in.  (cogn.  Provens,  K'la.mgnons  , 
Span.  gvaranon,  bit.  waratiio,  in  the  Lex  Salica, 
<O.H.G.  vrenno);  stallion. 

'Guaragnone  (Guarignone)  HI.  ;  aged  stallion 
employed  to  see  whether  a  mare  is  in  season. 

Guara-guasco.  -guasto  or  -guastio  m.  (L. 
verianum);  (hat.)  mullein,  v.  Tassobarbasso. 

'Guaraguato  in.  ;  sentinel. 

'Guarda-berrette,  hat-box,  -boschi,  wood- 
man. -caccia,  gamekeeper,  '-camera  /.,  ante- 
chamber. '-cappe,  =  Portacappe,  cloak-stand. 
'-  =  - 


*  Guarda-cucina    / ;    scullery.     *  -cuore    in. 

indecl. ;  =  Farsetto,  doublet,  t  -ddio  ;  =  Forseddio, 
v.  Forse  (2).  *-donna  f.\  midwife.  *-feste  /;/. 
aided. ;  observer  of  church  festivals.  *-gioie  m. 
indecl.;  jewel-case.  *-gote  m.  indecl.;  cheek-pro- 
tector (against  cold). 

Guardalato  m,  indecl. ;  (rnar.)=  Parabordo, 
fender. 

Guardamacchi-a/;,  or  -e  m.  indecl.;  trigger- 
guard,  also  termed  Sicura,  Guardamano. 

Guardamagazzino  m.  indecl.;  store-keeper. 

Guardamandrie  m.  indecl.;  i.g.  Mandriano, 
herdsman. 

Guardamdno  m.  indecl.;  i.  =  Ma- 
nopola,  leather  gauntlet.  2.  basket-hilt 
of  a  sword.  3.  trigger-guard.  4.  (mar.) 
(a)  hand-rail ;  (b)  ladder-rope,  —  cen- 
trale  delle  scalinate  esterne,  concluding 
line;  (t)  —  da  velai,  =  Guardapalma; 
(d)  —  del  funaio,  rope-maker's  list. 

* Guardainento  m. ;  i.  watching,     ii.  repository. 
111.   scientific  observation,     iv.  =  Rispetto,  regard. 

*  Guarda-nappo    in.    indecl.,   or    -nappa  f.  ; 
napkin.      *-naso    m.    indecl.;     nose-protector,    v. 


aer.  .  >.=emprevvo,  ouse-ee.  *-cenere, 
ash-guard  in  a  fireplace.  All  these,  except  Guarda- 
camera,  m.  indecl. 

Guardac6rde  m.  indecl.;  stop.piece  in  a  watch 
to  prevent  over-winding. 

Guardacorpo  m.  indecl.;  (mar.)  ,.  life-line, 
man-rope.  *.  —  per  scandagliare,  =  Cintura,  breast- 
rope.  3.  —  delle  inanovelle  d'  argano,  capstan-bar 
swifter.  *  body-guard. 

Guardaciste  m.  indecl.  \  i.  coastguard. 
2.  (mar.}  ves.sel  fur  coast  defence. 


watch-dog. 

Guardapalma  in.  indecl.;  (sail-maker's)  palm. 
tGuardapecore/n.  /W«V.;  =  Pecoraio,  shepherd. 

Guardapesca  m.  indecl.  ;  water- 
bailiff. 

Guardapett-o//.,  -i  m. ;  breast-guard 
for  working  with  an  auger. 
•Guardapiedi  m.  indecl.;  foot-muff. 

Guardapdrto m.  indecl. ;  guard-ship, 
police  vessel. 

Guardaportdne  HI.  indecl.;  liveried 
porter. 

Guard-are  (Germanic,  cp.  O.H.G. 
luartAn,  old  Saxon  vardon,  A.S.  vear- 
itiiut,  to  watch,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ward  ;  root 
?'«?-,  to  observe,  cp.  O.H.G.  war,  watch- 
ful, (Jr.  iipdta,  for  Fop<i<a,  to  see);  i.  to 
look  at.  2.  intr.  to  look.  3.  to  guard. 
4-  —  a  vista,  to  watch  with  close  atten- 
tion. 5.  Dio  me  ne  -i,  God  forbid  ;  Dio 

-i,  se...,  God  preserve  us,  if 6.   to 

mind  ;  -ate  di  fare  il  vostro  dovere,  mind 
you  do  your  duty.  7.  —  di,  to  look  out 
for,  search  after ;  E  un  pezzo  che  -o  di 
un  buon  servitore,  I  have  been  trying 
for  a  long  time  to  find  a  good  servant ; 
-ami  di  una  villetta  in  cotesti  colli,  see 
if  you  can  find  me  a  villa  somewhere  on 
these  hills.  8.  E  -a  che,  E  -a,  -a  che,  a 
hesitating  affirmation;  Ti  scrivera  e  -a 
che  non  venga  lui  in  persona,  he  will 
write  and  very  likely  come  to  call  upon 
you.  9.  Gua',  well,  as  an  expression  of 
tolerance  or  indifference ;  Se  non  muti 
costumi  tu  lo  vedrai,  if  you  don't  turn 
over  a  new  leaf  you  will  have  trouble : 
Gua',  well,  I  don't  care  if  I  do;  Gua', se 
tu  vuoi  venire,  e  tu  vieni,  well,  come 
along  then,  if  you  must ;  cp.  supra  Gua' 
in  loco.  10.  -a  davanti,  with  the  force 
of  an  adj. ;  Un  grano  -a  davanti,  an  A, i 
grain,  usn.  Bada  davanti.  ii.  Non  - 
in  faccia  nessuno,  or  a  nessuno,  to 
show  no  partiality.  12.  —  attraverso,  — 
in  cagnesco,  —  di  sbieco,  or  —  male, 
uno,  to  look  upon  him  with  suspicion. 

Guardardba/;  i.  linen-room  or 
cupboard.  2.  wardrobe.  3.  m.  or  f. 
indecl.,  servant  who  looks  after  the  linen 
and  clothes. 


Guardascartbcci  m.  indecl.  ;  car- 
tridge-case. 

Guardasigilli  »i.  indecl.;  keeper  of 
the  seals. 

Guardaspalle  m.  indecl.  ;  guard. 

*  Guardaspensa  f.  ;  ~  Dispensa. 

Guardat-a  /  ;  glance.  Aff.  -accia 
P'gg-i  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  -at6re,  -atora. 

Guardatoneggi  m.  i  ndecl.  ;  (mar.)  snatch  cleat. 

Guardatur-a/  ;  way  of  looking,  esp. 
in  bad  sense,  threatening  or  seductive; 
in  good  sense,  usu.  Sguardo.  Aff.  -accia 


Guardavivande  m.  indecl.  ;  -  Mos- 
caiola,  meat-guard. 

Guardia/;  i.  guarding.  2.  guard. 
3.  (mar.)  watch  ;  —  di  dritta,  —  impari, 
or  —  dispari,  starboard  watch  ;  —  di 
sinistra,  or  —  pari,  port  watch  ;  Prima 

—  di  notte,  or  Prima  veglia,  first  watch, 
8   p.m.    to   midnight  ;    Secpnda  —   di 
notte,  or  Seconda  veglia,  middle  watch, 
12  to  4  a.m.;  —  della  diana,  or  Diana, 
morning  watch,  4  to  8  ;  —  del  mattino, 
forenoon  watch,  8  to  12;  —  del  pome- 
riggio,  afternoon  watch,  1  2  to  4  ;  —  dalle 
4  alle  8  p.m.  or  Gaetone,  dog  watch; 

—  dalle  4  alle  6,  or  Primo  gaetone,  first 
dog  watch  ;  —  dalle  6  alle  8,  or  Secondo 
gaetone,  second  dog  watch  ;  —  franca, 
watch  below  ;  —  di  servizio,  watch  on 
deck;  Far  la  mostra  alia  —  ,  to  muster 
the  watch.    4.  —  di  una  sciabola,  basket 
hilt,  guard  of  a  sword. 

Guardi-accia  /  ;  i.  pegg.  of  -a. 
2.  dangerous  post. 

Guardiamarfna  fl.  guard  iemarina  in.;  (mar.) 
midshipman. 

Guardiana  /;  ;  girl  who  drives  stock  to  pasture. 
Guardian-ato  ;//.;  wardenship,  v.  -o. 

Guardian-o  m.  ;  \.  warden  of  a 
monastery.  2.  prison-warder,  usu.  Se- 
condino.  3.  herdsman.  4.  caretaker. 
5.  (agric.)  young  vine-shoot  cut  short 
so  as  to  leave  only  two  buds  :  so  called 
from  the  two  buds,  Occhi,  making  the 
shoot  as  it  were  a  watcher.  6.  (mar.) 

—  ,  or  Ancora  di  guardia,  an  anchor 
which  is  let  go  without  stoppering  its 
cable,  whilst  riding   out  a  gale.     Aff. 
-ello  dim.  vezz. 

Guardtatico  in.  ;  pay  for  watching  animals. 
tGuardiella/;  sentinel's  walk. 

Guardiere  m.;  (w«r.)=Vedetia  a  riva,  look-out 
man  at  the  fore-masthead. 

Guard-infante  (-anfante)  m.  ;  crino- 
line. 

Guardingo  (from  the  stem  of  Guard- 
are,  with  Germanic  suffix)  ;  cautious. 

—  di,  watchful  over.     *As  sb.,  fortress. 

Guardiolo  ;«.  ;  i.  guard-house. 
2.  night-watchman. 

Guardione  m.;  (skotm.)  piece  of  the  sole  which 
goes  round  the  heel  and  is  fastened  to  the  quarter, 
inside  heel-piece. 

Guardo  m.  ;  =  Sguardo,  look. 

t  Guare  ;  =  Arrotare,  to  sharpen. 

Guarentlgia  f.  ;  =Garanzia,  guaran- 
tee. 

Guarentire  /  ;  i.q.  Garantire. 

'Guarguattagio  /'/.  ;  boor. 


294 


GUARI— GUFO 


Guari  (Guero) ;  very,  only  used  with 
a  negative.  Non  ando  — ,  no  long  time 
passed.  Non  —  lontano,  not  very  far 
off. 

Etym.  Proven^,  gaire,  w  guaire  (>Fr.  giterc), 
<  O.H.G.  iveigaro,  very,  cp.  A.S.  iv£r,  true,  v. 
Skeat,  sitb  Very. 

Guar-ibile  ;  curable,  -igidne  /  ; 
cure. 

*Guarignone  m.\  v.  Guaragnone. 

Guar-ire  (Guerire)  ind.  -isco;  i.  to 
heal.  2.  intr.  to  recover. 

*i.  to  purify  (water),     ii.  =Tutelare,  to  protect. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^,  garir,  gnarir,  Span. 
gitarir,  old  Fr.  gttarir  (>  Fr.  git£rir\  <  Gothic 
varian,  O.H.G.  iverian  (>  Germ,  ivehren,  to  de- 
fend), root  i>ar,  to  look,  v.  supra  Garante  and  Skeat, 
sub  Warn,  Weir;  the  orig.  sense  therefore  was  "to 
save." 

Guaritdre  m. ;  healer. 

t  Guarmugiay". ;  dish  of  spiced  meat  and  cabbage. 

Guarnacc-a  (Garnacca,  Guarnaccia) 
_/. ;  long  cloak.  Aff.  -hino  dim.,  -one 
augm. 

Etym,  Cogn.  bit.  garnacia.  Proven^,  and  old 
Fr.  gannacha  (>  Fr.  ganache\  Span.  garnachat< 
O.H.G.  **wamjan,  v,  Guarnire. 

*Guarnappa  f.\  —  Gualdrappa,  saddle-cloth. 

*Guarnello  ;«.  (a  dim.  <  the  same  source  as 
Guarnacca) ;  i.  a  stuff  made  of  flax  and  cotton. 
ii.  dressing-gown  of  this  material. 

Guarnigi6ne/  (It.  guarnire);  gar- 
rison. 

Guarnim^nto  m.\  i.  fitting  out,  in 
//.,  fittings.  2.  (mar.}  rigging. 

Guarn-ire  or  Guernire  ind.  -isco; 
i.  to  fit  out,  provide.  2.  to  garnish. 

3.  to    pack    (joints    in    a    machine). 

4.  (mar.)  to  rig  up.     Aff.  -itura,  -izione. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^,  and  old  Fr.  guarnir 
(>  Fr.  ga-r»ir\  old  Span,  garnir  (>Span.  gamecsr), 
<O.H.G.  ivarnon  (>Germ.  warneti),  to  wani,  z(. 
Skeat,  sitb  Garnish.  Root  var,  to  look.  With  re- 
gard to  the  two  forms  Guarnire  and  Guernire  it 
would  seem  that  the  latter  is  directly<the  secondary 
Germanic  werniati,  the  former<wrtr«<>>/. 
*Guascherino;  =  Nidiaco,  nestling. 

Guasc6n-e  ;  Gascon.  As  A-/A,  boaster. 
Aff.  -ata. 

*  Guascotto  (L.  quasi  c octtts) ;  halt  cooked. 
*Guastacavoli  in.  indecl.\  =  Impiccione,  bore. 

Guastad-a/. ;  glass-bottle  with  nar- 
row foot  and  neck.  Aff.  -etta,  -ma, 
-uzza,  dims. 

Etym.  Cogn.  early  Italian  forms,  Ingastada, 
Ingastare,  Inguistara,  Anguistara,  Proveni;.  engres- 
tara,  which  point  to  some  bit.  derivative  of  L. 
angjtstjis,  narrow,  as  their  origin. 

Guastafeste  m.  inded. ;  spoiler  of 
sport. 

Guastamestieri  m.  inded. ;  i.  one 
who  works  below  the  regular  rate  of 
wages,  "scab."  2.  bungler,  bad  work- 
man. 

Guast-are  (L.  vastare,  not  directly, 
but  through  M.H.G.  iiiasten,  as  shown 
by  the  gu  =  Germanic  w,  cp.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Waste);  i.  to  spoil,  make  a 
mess  of.  2.  to  devastate.  3.  —  i  fatti 
suoi,  to  spoil  one's  own  prospects.  4.  -o? 
shall  I  be  in  the  way?  said  on  approach- 
ing people  talking  earnestly.  5.  -arsi 
or  -arsi  il  sangue,  con  uno,  to  quarrel 
with  him.  6.  -arsi  il  sangue,  to  be  very 
angry. 

*i.    to  execute,  put  to  death,     ii.    to  mutilate. 
iii.    -arsi,  to  be  killed,     iv.    -arsi,  to  fall  in  love. 
Aff.  -amento,  -astomachi  inded.  bad  food. 


Guast-atdra,  -atrice,  -atura  ;  v.  -are. 

Guast-atdre  m. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  (mil.) 
sapper. 

Guast-0 ;  i.  sync,  for  Guastato. 
2.  vicious  (young  man).  3.  rabid  (dog). 

4.  corrupt  (passage)  in  an  ancient  author. 

5.  Terra  -a,  ground  worked  when  in  an 
unfit  state  from  wet. 

As  sb.  6.  damage.  7.  Dare  il  — ,  to 
devastate.  8.  quasi-Jig.  Se  non  venite 
non  c'  e  — ,  if  you  cannot  come  there  is 
no  harm  done. 

*i.  =  Guastatore,    sapper.      ii.    food   made   from 
boiled  fruit. 

Guatare  (cogn.  Fr.  guetter,  to  lie  in 
wait  for,  <  O.H.G.  wa/itdn,  to  watch 
over,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wait) ;  to  gaze  at, 
with  some  feeling  implied  of  fear  or 
suspicion. 

*Guatio  or  *Guato  in.  ;  =  Agguato,  ambush. 
tGuatte  in. ;  =  Callionimo,  dragonet  (fish). 

Guatter-0  (Guataro,  Guattaro)  m. ; 
kitchen-attendant.  Aff.  -a  /.,  -accio 
pfgg- 

Etytn.  Cogn.  bit.  gitattarus,  derived  by  Du 
Cange  from  Ital.  gnatare,  with  the  meaning  of  "in- 
spector," but  more  probably<a  M.H.G.  **wataere, 
which  Caix  attributes  to  O.H.G.  -watan.  to  look  at, 
giving  again,  as  above,  the  meaning  of  "  inspector." 
It  is,  however,  better  referred  to  the  Germanic  root 
u-at,  seen  in  Gothic  ivnto,  water,  O.H.G.  wazzer 
(>Germ.  Wasser\  v.  Skeat,  sub  Water,  Wet.  This 
makes  the  original  sense  of  the  word  to  be  washer-up. 

Guatt-ire  ind.  -isco  (imit.,  cp.  Gua- 
ire) ;  of  hounds,  to  give  tongue. 

tGuatto;  i.  — Quatto,  crouched,    ii.  as  sb.,  goby, 
7'.  Ghiozzo. 

Guazza   /     (i'.    Guazzare,    etym.}  ; 

1.  morning  mist,  heavy  dew.     2.  Jig. 
trifle,  in  comparison  with  what  is  re- 
quired. 

Guazzabugli-o  in.  (It.  guazzare  +  bu- 
glia<  Bollire)  ;  i.  half-melted  snow, 
slush.  2.  fig.  muddle,  medley.  Aff. 
-.ire,  vb.,  -one  augin. 

Guazzare;  i.  of  a  liquid,  to  shake, 
e.g.  of  an  egg  beginning  to  go  bad. 

2.  to   make    cattle   walk   in    water  to 
refresh  themselves.     3.  —  un  fiume,  to 
ford  a  river. 

*  i.  =  Sguazzare,  to  squander.  ii.  ~  Sguazzare 
intr.,  to  wallow,  iii.  =  Diguazzare,  to  shake  up. 

Etym.  In  sense  (3)  probably  akin  to,  or  perhaps 
derived  from,  Proven^. guasart<.V,.  vadare,  to  ford, 
cp.  fttpra,  Guado  (see,  however,  below),  but  in  the 
other  senses <  O.H.G.  ivazzar  (>  Germ,  ll'tisser), 
water,  v.  Skeat,  suit  Water ;  the  Germanic  derivation 
accords  with  the  meaning  of  the  allied  words  Guazza 


ivatan,  to  wade. 

Guazzata  /  ;  i>.  Guazzare  (2). 
*  =  Guazza,  dew. 

Guazzatdio  m.  •  watering-place  for 
cattle. 

*Guazzerone  tn.\  i.  loose  smock,  widened  below 
the  waist  with  two  gores,     ii.  scrap  of  any  material. 

GuaZZ<Stt-0  m. ;  I.  dainty  stew  or 
hash.  2.  sauce  which  is  too  liquid. 
Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Guazzino  nt. ;  from  the  name  of  the  last  mur- 
derer beheaded  in  Tuscany,  ruffian.  *  =  Guazzetto. 

Guazz-o    m.    (v.    Guazzare    etym.}; 

1.  pool,  mess  of  water  splashed  about. 

2.  —  di  sangue,  pool  of  blood.  3.  =  Gua- 
do, ford  ;  Passare  un  fiume  a  — ,  to  wade 


across  it.  4.  (Ciliege,  Pesche)  in  — , 
preserved  in  liquid ;  -i,  fruit  so  pre- 
served. 5.  Dipingere  a  — ,  to  paint  in 
water-colours.  6.  Calamaio  a  — ,  ink- 
pot without  any  pad  at  the  bottom. 

*i.  =  Piena,  flood,  ii.  =  Guado,  ford.  iii.  =Guaz- 
zatoio,  watering-place,  iv.  Passare  a  — ,  Jig.  to 
settle  without  much  consideration,  v.  =  Fango,  mud. 
tvi.  =lntingolo,  stew. 

Guazzdso;  wet  with  dew. 

Gubbia  f.  (L.  copida,  cp.  Venetian 
dial.  Cubia;  Milanese  Cobbia);  a  pair, 
or  trio,  of  mules  or  horses  abreast. 

i  Gubbio  m.  ;  =  Gozzo. 
•Gubernacolo  in.  (L.);=Timone,  rudder, 
t  Gubia  f.  •  =  Sgorbia,  gouge. 
•Gucchia/ (for  Agucchia);  i.  needle,     ii.   iron 
P<=g. 

Guccio-imbratta ;  a  character  in 
Boccaccio  become  proverbial  for  cad. 

Guebro  m.  (Persian,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Guebre);  fire-worshipper. 

*Gueffa/;;  i.  cage.  ii.  prison,  iii.  bastion, 
iv.  coil  of  thread  or  wire.  v.  =  Vermicelli. 

F.tyt't.  O. H.G.  iveiff,  winding  frame  (see  Ar- 
colaio), <.wffan,  to  weave,>Germ.  lueben,  v.  Skeat, 
sul>  Weave, >Gueffa,  woven  thing;  the  meaning  ot 
bastion  comes  through  that  of  addition  woven  in, 
hence  thing  sticking  out,  which  also  accounts  for 
Gueffo,  balcony,  and  AgguefTare. 

•Gueffo  (Gheffo)  in.  (v.  Gueffa,  etym.);  balcony. 

*Guegnay?;  speechless  fool,     t  =  Bacchettona. 

tGueia/  (O.H.G.  •:(/;./<•,> Germ.  Weihe,  kite); 
kite,  P'alco  niih'us. 

Guelf-o;  i.  v.  Ghibellino.  2.  as  sl>., 
an  old  Florentine  coin.  Aff.  -eggiare 
///</.  -i?ggio,  -ismo. 

*Guencire  or  *Guenciare  (cvgn.  Provenc.  and 
old  Fr.  ganckir,  Grisons  dial,  guinckir,  to  slip 
away,<O.H.G.  utinkart,  to  move  aside,  i'.  Skeat, 
sub  Wench,  Wink) ;  to  slip  away. 

Guerc-ezza  sl>.,  -accio/i-^.,  -ino  dim.  Tezz. 
of  -io. 

Guercio  ;  squinting.  E' mi  dice — , 
I  am  unlucky,  v.  Dire  (8). 

Rtyin.  Cflgn.  Grisons  dial,  gnersch  or  vitTtcfll 
squinting,  bit.  guelcus,  one  who  cannot  keep  his 
eyes  steady,  Proven^,  giter,  of  Germanic  origin  ; 
the  Germanic  root  is  tkwerh,  Indog.  root  tivtrk,  cj'. 
L.  torqnere,  to  twist,  Sanskr.  tarku,  spindle.  From 
thwerfi  are  O.H.G.  t-wer,  transverse  (>Germ.  quer, 
transverse),  old  Low  Germ.  qui:r  (>  middle  Dutch 
queer,  across, >E.  queer),  old  Low  Germ,  dwerch 
(>  Dutch  thvar,  across,  Germ,  z-iuerch,  awry),  Ice- 
landic tkverr,  perverse,  adverse  (neuter  Mzvr/,>E. 
thwart),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Queer,  Thwart. 
*Guerire;  =  Guarire,  to  heal. 

Guernire ;  i.q.  Guarnire,  to  provide. 

*  Guero ;  — Guari. 

Guerr-a  /  (cogn.  Fr.  guerre,  Pro- 
venc,. and  Span. £uerra,<Q. H.G.  werra, 
strife,  werran,  to  scuffle,  >  Germ.  Wirre, 
confusion);  war. 

Ajf.  -eggiare  ind.  -eggio,  -escamente,  -esco,  -iato 
(in  the  phrase,  Guerra  -iata,  guerilla  war),  -icciola  or 
-icciuola  dim.,  -iero  warlike,  -iglia  guerilla  warfare, 
-igliere  guerilla  soldier,  -ucola  ditn.  spreg. 

•Guesi  tn.pl.;=  Fr.  Gneu.r,  the  Huguenots. 

Guf-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o. 

Gufaggineyi;  unsociableness,  recluse  habits. 

Guf-are;  to  hoot.  *i.  to  jeer.  ii.  -arsi,  to 
squat,  hide. 

Gufo  m.  (O.H.G.  huf,  of  imit.  orig.) ; 

1.  (a)   long-eared   owl,   Otus  vulgaris, 
also  termed  Alloccherello,  Duca  cornuto, 
Gufo  minore,  (b)  —  di  padule,  short- 
eared  owl,  Strixbrachyotus,  also  termed 
Allocco    di   padule,    Civettone,    Strige 
stridula,  (f)  —  grosso  or  reale,  eagle 
owl,  Bubo  m<iximus,  also  termed  Bar- 
bagianni   salvatico,   Dugo,   Gran   gufo, 
(d)  —  selvatico  =  Allocco,  brown   owl. 

2.  a  kind  of  pelisse  worn  by  canons. 


GUGLIA— HUMUS 


295 


Guglia/.  ,, 

dim.  of  L.  aciis,  needle);  i.  (arch.)  pin- 
nacle, obelisk.  2.  some  species  of 
hawk. 

Gugliat-a/  (for  *Agugliata)  ;  i  .  nee- 
dle-full (of  thread).  2.  quantity  of  thread 
taken  at  one  time  from  the  distaff  for 
spinning.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Gugli&lmo;  William. 
Gugli6tt-a,  -fna/;  dim.,  sub-dim,  of 
Guglia. 

tGugno  HI.  ;  =  Guscione,  empty  chestnut. 

Gugnolinaccio  m.  (for  **Gognoli- 
o»exaopegg.  of*Gognolino);  contempt- 
ible person,  lit.,  one  in  the  pillory, 
Gogna. 

Gugnolino  in.  (fur  Bugnolino);  acorn-cup. 

Guiavo  nt,  (Span.  guiahi,<the  native  name  in 
Guiana);  i.  —  da  pera,  white  pear-shaped  guava 
tree,  Psidium  pyrift-rttm.  2.  —  pomifero,  red  apple- 
shaped  guava  tree,  Psidittm  pomiferuw. 


ayC  (vbsb.  of  Guidare)  ;  i.  guide. 
2.  guide-book.  3.  guide-rein.  4.  rut, 
wheel-track.  5.  rail  of  a  railroad  or  other 
guiding  piece  of  mechanism.  6.  (surg.) 
=  Doccetta.  7.  leader  in  a  quartet  of 
singers.  8.  in  transcriptions  for  the 
pianoforte,  a  third  line  for  marking  the 
part  which  does  not  belong  to  the  piano. 
9.  (print.)  jigger,  bar  laid  upon  the 
manuscript  to  prevent  the  compositor 
from  skipping  a  line.  Aff.  -abile. 

Guidai6I-o  in.,  -&/.',  leading  animal  in  a  herd. 

Guidalesco  m.  ;  i.  sore,  properly  on 
a  horse's  back.  2.  fig.  trouble,  whether 
moral  or  physical. 

Etym.  A  corruption  of  Germ.  Widerrist,  the 
withers  of  a  horse,  which  is  where  the  back  is  most 
often  galled,  as  shown  by  the  dialectic  variants, 
Videresco,  Videlesco,  Guidaresco,  Bidalesco,  Bida- 
resco.  For  Widerrist,  v.  Skeat,  sut  Withers. 

Guidamano  in.  ;  apparatus  for  holding  the 
forearm  _  of  a  person  learning  to  play  the  piano. 

Guidanayl;  test  made  with  a  gauge  termed 
Provino,  of  the  quality  of  silk. 

Guidare;  i.  to  guide.  2.  to  drive 
(horses). 

Etym.  Cogti.  Provenc.  gitidar,  gitizar,  old  Fr. 
finer,  Kr.  guidtr,  Span,  guiar  ;  of  Germanic  origin, 
/**•*>£.<  Gothic  7'ittiH,  to  observe,  cf.  O.H.G.  ivizan, 
to  heed,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Guide.  Root  lueid,  to  see, 
passing  into  the  sense  of  showing. 

tGuidarello  m.;  goat  with  a  bell  on  its  neck. 
*Guidaresco  m.  ;~  Guidalesco. 
*Guidarmenti  m.  ;  herdsman. 

Guid-atire,  -atora,  -atrice  ;  vbsbs.  of  Guidare. 

Guiderd6n-e  (Guidardone)  m.  ;  recompense. 
*  i.  =  Merito.  ii.  interest  on  a  loan.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Etym.  Caen.  Proven;,  guazardons,  guiardons, 
old  Fr.  gueredon,  guerdon,  Span.  galcirdon',<m\\.. 
•tvidadotium,<.().  H.G.  Tjuidarlon,  recompense,  with 
substitution  of  -donum  under  the  influence  of  L. 
dnitum,  gift.  Widarloti  is  <  zuidar,  in  return  (> 
Germ,  wilder,  again),  Ion,  reward  (>  Germ.  Lohn\ 
V.  Skeat,  sub  Guerdon. 

Guidbne  m.  (A)(Fr.  guidon);  (mar.)  pendant. 
—  del  comandante  anziano  in  porto,  senior  officer's 
pendant.  —  doganale,  pendant  for  revenue  vessels. 
*i.  =  Guida.  ii.  (mil.)  field-colours,  iii.  tro 


.  . 

*(B)(Span. 


, 
Guitto,  cad. 


troop. 


'Guidrigildo  in.  (mlt.  law  term,  <  O.H.G. 
'ii'iittirgelri ;  for  widar,  v.  Guiderdone ;  geld  = 
money,  cp.  E.  Danegelt);  fine  payable  for  having 
killed  a  man. 

*  Guiggia/i ;  i.  sandal-strap,  shoe-strap,  ii.  upper 
part  of  a  shoe.  iii.  arm-strap  of  a  shield. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  guige,  guincfte,  <  mlt. 
7'i«<rY<-(W,<O.H.G.  winting,  bandage,  cp.  -;oiiidan, 
to  wind. 

•Guigliardone  »/.;  =  Guiderdone. 
*Guiglione  /«.  ;=  Ingannatore. 

Guilandina/;  (but.)  —  del  Canada,  Kentucky 
coffee  tree,  Gyinnccladns  Caiuidensis. 
Guinare;  (;//rtr.)=Guiz/are,  to  yaw. 

Guindplo  /;/.  ;  i.  =  Aspo,  reel  for 
winding  silk  as  it  comes  off  the  cocoon. 
2.  —  del  solcometro,  (mar.)  log-reel. 

Etym.  A  -,'ar.  of  />YWtf/<7,<O.H.G.  vjindti  or 
Juiitta,  reel, <.viiitdan,  to  wind;  cp.  Fr.  guinder,  to 
hoist  (raise  by  winding). 

Guinzagli-are  ;  to  put  in  the  leash. 

Guinzagli-o  (Guinzale)  m. ;  i.  leash. 
2.  fig.  restraint.  Aff.  -etto  dim. 

Ktytn.  dnf>.  Either  a  Tar.  of  Vinciglio,  <  L. 
viiiculum,  or  <O.  H.G.  -wiiidila,  bandage,  dim.  of 
ii'iiutti,  reel. 

tGuinzo  ;  =  Vizzo. 

*GuirenzayC;  healing. 

•Guirminella  /;  =  Gherminella. 

Guisa/  (cogn.  Fr.  guise,  <  O.H.G. 
wise,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Wise,  adj.  and  sb. 
Wise  is  akin  to  wizzan,  to  know)  ; 
mode.  In  —  che...,  in  such  wise  that 

Guisardo:  partisan  of  the  Duke  of  Guise. 
*GuisarmaJ^;  i.ij.  Giusarma,  battle-axe. 

Guiscere  in. ;  pop.  for  Viscere. 
+  GuisciaiayC;  snaring  with  bird-lime. 
tGuisciare;  to  make  a  sound  of  encouragement 
to  the  owl  used  for  catching  birds,  v.  Civetta. 

Guistrico  m.;  (6at.)  a  variety  of  privet. 

GuittO;  beggarly,  sordid,  low.  +  kna- 
vish. 

Etym.  unkn.',  there  are  more  or  less  similar 
words  in  Dutch,  Spanish,  Basque,  and  the  Celtic 
group,  but  no  connection  with  any  of  them  is  estab- 
lished. 

Guizzante  ;  the  medieval  port  of 
Wissant,  between  Calais  and  Grisnez, 
D.  Inf.  15.  4. 

Guizz-are  (<  Germ.  dial,  witsen, 
witschen,  to  make  a  sudden  start,  cp. 
witz,  quick,  in  the  phrase  witz  wie  der 
Blitz,  quick  as  lightning);  i.  offish,  to 
dart  quickly,  with  a  flicker  of  the  tail. 
2.  of  any  convulsive  movement ;  -a  la 
coda  della  lucertola,  staccata  dal  suo 
corpo,  a  lizard's  tail  will  whisk  about 
after  it  has  been  cut  off;  Nel  vano  tutta 
sua  coda  -ava,  all  his  tail  was  whisking 
about  in  the  abyss,  D.  Inf.  17.  25.  3.  to 
slip  off,  dart  away,  as  a  boy  out  of  the 
clutches  of  his  captor.  4.  of  a  flame, 
to  flicker.  5.  of  a  violin-string,  to 
vibrate.  6.  of  sleep,  Come  si  frange  il 
sonno,  ove  di  butto  Nuova  luce  percote 
il  viso  chiuso  Che  fratto  -a  pria  che  moia 
tutto,  as  sleep  is  broken  off  when  an 
increased  light  suddenly  falls  on  the 
closed  eyes  and  then  comes  and  goes 
before  going  altogether,  D.  Purg.  17.  40. 


7.  (>nar.)  (a)  of  a  ship,  to  yaw  ;  (b)  =  Brat- 
tare,  to  scull,  the  movement  being  like 
the  flicker  of  a  fish's  tail.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Guizzata  /;  (titar.)  yaw,  lurch. 

Guizz-o  (A)  w. ;  7'.  -are.  *(B)  (L.  vietiis)', 
=  Vizzo,  withered. 

Gula/  (Arabic);  ghoul. 

Gundelia  f. ;  (6ot.)  a  kind  of  parsnip. 
*  Gurfo ;  (feogr.)  Corfu. 
*Gurgey^  (L.  gurffes,  whirlpool);  swirl. 

Gurgugliare ;  to  gobble,  as  a  turkey. 

Gusc6tt-o,  -ino;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of 
Guscio. 

Gusciata/!;  powdered  cuttle-fish  shells,  as  a 
cosmetic. 

Guscio  >«.  (Guscia/);  I.  husk,  outer 
shell,  e.g.  of  a  walnut  or  almond.  2.  pod 
of  a  pea  or  bean.  3.  egg-shell ;  Avere 
il  —  in  capo,  to  be  young  and  foolish, 
///.  to  have  the  shell  on  one's  head  like 
a  chick  just  emerged.  4.  —  della  bilan- 
cia,  =  Piattello,  scale-pan.  5.  (arc/i.) 
groove  in  the  shape  of  a  C  upside  down, 
also  termed  Cavetto  or  Scozia.  6.  tick- 
ing of  a  mattress.  7.  shell,  e.g.  of  a 
ship  or  carriage,  the  bare  frame.  8.  punt. 
Aff.  Gusciolino  dim. 

Etym.  uitkn.  Fr.  gousse  is  <  the  Ital.  word. 
The  most  plausible  derivation  is  perhaps  that  which 
traces  the  word  to  a  Celtic  source,  cp.  Breton  gwz, 
hiding-place.  Akin,  on  this  theory,  to  E.  husk,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Husk,  House,  Hoard,  Hide. 

Gusci6ne  m.\  \.  augm.  Guscio. 
2.  empty  chestnut  husk,  the  fruit  having 
failed  to  develop. 

tGussa /•',—  Pialla  da  modanature,  a  intaccatura, 
moulding-plane  with  ledge. 

Gust-are;  i.  to  taste.  2.  to  enjoy.  3.  to 
please.  Aff.  -abile,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Gust-ettfno  in.,  dim.  vezz.\  delicious  flavour. 
-evole;  tasteful,  -evolmente  adv.  •  v.  -o. 

Gust-0  ;«.  (cogn.  Fr.  goiit,  Span. 
gozo ;  <  L.  gustus,  root  geus,  cp.  O. H.G. 
i'os(on>Germ.  kosten,  Gr.  ytvofiai,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Choose,  Gust  2);  i.  taste. 
2.  Aver,  Prendere,  Provare  — ,  to  be 
very  glad ;  Ci  ho  —  che  I'  abbia  picchi- 
ato,  1  am  very  glad  he  gave  him  a 
beating;  Digli  che  venga  da  me  e  ti 
prometto  che  non  ci  avra  punto  — ,  tell 
him  to  come  and  see  me  and  I  promise 
you  he  will  not  like  our  interview ;  La- 
vora,  Mangia,  Suona,  ecc.,  che  e  un  — , 
he  works,  etc.,  in  a  way  which  it  is  a 
pleasure  to  watch. 

AJf.  -psamente,  -osita  delicacy  of  flavour,  -oso 
tasteful,  nice. 

*Gutta(L.);  i.  drop.     ii.  =  Aloe,  aloes. 

Guttaper-ca  or  -ga  /  (Malay  gatah,  gum, 
+percha,  the  name  of  the  tree  which  produces  the 
gum);  guttapercha,  the  inspissated  juice  of  Isonandra 
gutta,  a  native  of  the  Malay  archipelago. 

Gutto  m.  (L.) ;  an  ancient  form  of  dropping, 
glass  with  very  narrow  neck,  from  which  liquid  could 
only  be  poured  drop  by  drop. 

Guttural-e(L.),  -ismo guttural  pronunciation, 
-mente  as  E. 

t  Gutturiay: ;  =  Caponeria,  Capriccio  de'  bambini. 
tGuzzo  m. ;  =  Gozzo  (4),  fishing-smack. 


H 

H  /.  pronounced  Acca,  q.v.     It  is      //.  pres.   of  Avere,  and   (3)   in  a  few 


not  now  used  in  Italian  except  (i)  after 
the  letters  c,  g,  when  these  are  to  be 
sounded  hard  before  e  or  i,  (2)  as  a 
mark  of  distinction  in  the  sing,  and  3rd 


Latin  or  foreign  words  and  phrases. 
On  French  coins  it  was  the  mark  of  the 
mint  at  Rochelle. 

*  Hamac  m. ;  =  Amaca,  hammock. 


•Haray:;  (L.)  pigstye,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  43.  58. 

*  Hiaco  in.;  guaiacum  wood,  v.  Guaiaco. 

•  HAcci,  H61H,  HAtti  ;  =  Ci  ho.  Li  ho,  Ti  ho. 
Humus  m.  (L.);  surface  soil. 


296 


I_IGNUDARE 


I 


I  ;;/.  or/  ;  i.  the  letter  I  ;  Abbrevia- 
tions: I.R.,  imperiale  e  reale;  S.M.I., 
Sua  maestk  imperiale;  V.S.I.,  Vossig- 
noria  illustrissima  ;  I. P.,  Istruzione  pub- 
blica.  2.  pi,  of  II,  the.  3.  Dritto  come 
un  I,  i.e.  exactly  right. 

tl' ;  i.  for  io.     ti.  for  ire.     In  dov'  ho  a  i',  where 
I  have  to  go. 

*  Iacea/?;  =  Viola  del  pensiero,  heart's  ease. 

*  laco  w.;  =  Guaiaco,  guaiacum. 

*Iaculo  tn.  (L.);  dart-serpent,  which  darts  upon 
its  prey  off  a  tree,  D.  Inf.  24.  86. 

ladi/  //.  (L.,<Gr.);  Hyades,  a  group  of  stars 
in  the  head  of  Taurus. 

lal-ino  (Or.  uoXor,  glass,  prob.  of 
Egyptian  origin);  translucent,  hyaline. 
-bide  f. ;  vitreous  humour  of  the  eye. 
-urgia/i;  glass-manufacture. 

Iarda/(E.);  yard. 

*  laro;  v.  Gichero. 

latagano  m.  (Turkish  word);  yataghan. 

lato  ;;/.  (L.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Yawn); 
hiatus. 

lattanza/  (L.  jactanfia^  v.  Gettare) ; 
boastfulness. 

lattura  f.  (L.);  misfortune,  loss. 
Per  immensa  —  d3  Italia,  to  the  great 
misfortune  of  Italy.  Tosto  fia  —  della 
barca,  the  vessel  will  ere  long  be 
wrecked,  D.  Par.  16.  96.  *  =  Gettito, 
jettison. 

*  Iberno  (L.);^  Invernale,  of  winter. 

Ibi  or  Ibis  m,  (L.,<Gr..<Egyptian);  the  bird. 

Ibice  ;«.;  i.  =  Ibi,  ibis.     2.  =  Stambecco,  ibex. 

Ibis  redibis ;  Quel  discorso  era  tutto  un  il'ix 
redibis,  that  speech  was  open  to  two  meanings  all 
through.  The  reference  is  to  a  response  of  the 
oracle  to  a  soldier's  enquiry  as  to  his  fate  in  the 
war,  Ibis  redibis  non  morieris  in  bfilo,  where 
the  non  may  be  read  either  with  redibis  or  morieris. 

Ibisco  in.  (L.  hibiscus^  <  Gr.  i/3iV«o«);  (bot.) 
marsh-mallow,  Althaea  ojficinalis. 

Ibl&O;  of  Mt.  Hybla  in  Sicily,  noted 
for  its  honey. 

Ibrid-0  (L.,<Gr.,  it.  Skeat,  sub  Hy- 
brid) ;  hybrid.  Aff.  -ismo. 

Icastic-ayXGr.  ei*ca^w);  verisimilitude.  Aff.-v. 

Iccase,  fccasse  m.  (Icchesi/);  the 
letter  x.  Gambe  a  — ,  knock-kneed. 
Seggiola  a  — ,  camp-stool. 

Icnfeumone  m,  (L.,  <Gr.,  i>.  Skeat,  snb  Ich- 
neumon); as  E. 

Icnografia/I  (Gr.);  ground-plan. 

Icbney^  (Gr.);  icon. 

Iconismo  m,;  allegorical  or  symbolic  repre- 
sentation of  ideas. 

Iconoclasta  m.\  as  E. 

Iconograf-ia/I;  i.  book  descriptive  of  works 
of  portraiture.  2.  description  of  means  of  diagrams. 
Aff.  -icam^nte,  -ico.  -o. 

Iconolatra  m. ;  worshipper  of  an  icon. 

Iconolog-fa  /.  ;  explanation  of  allegorical 
figures.  Aff,  -ico,  -ista. 

Ic6re  m.  (Gr.  i^p);  i.  the  white  blood  of  the 
gods  in  Homer.  2.  (>ned.)  watery  pus,  ichor. 

Icosaedr-o  m,  (Gr.);  icosahedron,  one  of  the 
five  regular  solids,  made  by  twenty  equilateral 
triangles.  Aff.  -ico. 

Idalgo  m.  (Span,  hidalgo,  =  kijo  de  algo,  son 
of  something);  hidalgo,  Spanish  nobleman  of  lowest 
rank. 

Idalio;  of  Idalia  in  Cyprus,  of  which  Venus 
was  patroness.  As  s/>.,  the  mountain  of  that  name. 

Idatide/  (Gr.);  (med.)  hydatid. 
*Iddea/.;  =  Dea,  goddess. 

Iddio  m. ;=Dio,  God. 

Idea  /.  (L,  <Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  we.);  idea. 
A  — ,  out  of  one's  head,  according  to  one's  recol- 
lection. 


Ide-abilc;  imaginable.  -acciayC;  />effff-  of  -a. 
-ale;  as  E.  -aleggiare;  to  idealise  too  much,  or 
affectedly,  -alismo,  -alista  tn, ;  as  E.  -alitayC  ; 
ideality,  i.e.  i.  faculty  for  expressing  the  highest 
ideals,  2.  ideal  state,  -alizzare;  as  K.  -almente 
adi: 

Ideare  ind.  ideo;  to  form  the  idea  of. 

Ideina./;  dim.  vezz.  Idea. 

Idem;  the  same.  Un  —  per  — ,  the  same 
thing  over  again. 

Ident-icamente,  -ico,  -ificare,  -ificazidne, 
-ita;  as  E. 

Ideo;  of  Mount  Ida,  either  that  of  Phrygia  or 
of  Crete.  Pastore  — ,  Paris. 

Ideogen-ia/I;  science  of  the  genesis  of  ideas. 
Aff.  -icamente,  -ico, 

Ideograf-ia  f.\  graphic  representation  of  ideas 
without  using  words.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

Ideolog-ia  f.\  metaphysics.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -ismo  spreg.,  metaphysical  maundering,  -o. 

Ide-6na  f. ;  augnt.  Idea,  grand  idea.  Aff. 
-uccia  dim.,  useless  idea,  -uzza  spreg.,  paltry  idea. 

Idi  ;//.  pi.\  Ides  of  the  ancient  calendar. 

Idilli-o  «/.  (L.,<Gr.  elSuAAioi',  dim.  of  eiSos, 
image) ;  idyll,  short  descriptive  poem.  Aff.  -aco. 

Idi6ma  m.  (Gr.);  native  language,  free  from 
foreign  phrases.  L'  —  toscano,  the  Tuscan  idiom, 
Italian  as  spoken  in  Tuscany. 

Idiomatico  ;  of  native  character,  racy. 

Idiosincrasia  f.  (Gr.)  ;  as  E. 


rt^'.  or  j£.  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Idiot);  I.  imbecile  (less  than  Cre- 
tino).  2.  untaught.  Aff.  -aggihe,  piece 
of  idiocy,  -amdnte,  -ico. 

Idiotismo  ///. ;  i.  idiom,  phrase  not 
translatable  literally  into  another  lan- 
guage. 2.  (w^.)  =  Ebetismo,  idiocy. 

*  Idiotizzare;  to  write  in  an  uneducated  style. 

Idolatr-a  m.  (Gr.);  idolater.  Aff.  -are  vb., 
-fa,  -icamente,  -ico. 

Idoleggiare  ind.  idoldggio;  i.  to 
vitalise  abstract  conceptions  and  erect 
them  into  subjects  of  worship  ;  Gli  anti- 
chi  idoleggiavano  e  simboleggiavano  le 
tradizioni  storiche,  in  the  ancient  world 
historical  traditions  received  a  symboli- 
cal meaning  and  were  consecrated  into 
subjects  of  worship.  2.  to  idolise  (as  a 
lover  his  mistress),  to  cherish  (empty 
hopes  or  lost  illusions).  3.  to  tend  in 
the  direction  of  idolatry. 

Idol-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Idol);  as  E. 
Aff.  -etto  dim. 

Id6ne-o ;  serviceable,  well  fitted  for. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Etym.  I.,  idoneus,  considered  to  be<  id-\-do- 
+ -ru'us,  where  id  is  the  same  as  Gothic  ita,  O.H.G. 
ez  (>  Germ.  «),  meaning  "it,"  do-  corresponds  to 
English  "  to,"  and  -neits  is  an  adjectival  suffix  as  in 
extra-neus. 

Idra/(L.,<Gr.);  hydra. 

Idragdgo  m.  (Gr.);  drastic  pur^e,  hydragogue. 

Idrang£a/l  (Gr.  uSwp,  water,  ayyeioi',  vessel); 
(bot.)  hydrangea. 

Idrargirio  tn.  (L.  ijd>narzjrrumt<Gr.)',  quick- 
silver. 

Idrarto  tn.\  {vied.*}  dropsy  in  a  joint, 

Idrato  ///.;  {c/u-m.)  hydrate. 

Idraulic-a  f.  (L.,  <  Gr.  auAdf,  pipe,  akin  to 
awu,  to  blow);  hydraulics.  Aff,  *o  adj. 

Idreleo  m.  (Gr.);  emetic  of  water,  oil  and  lead 
oxide. 

fdria,/  (L.,<Gr.);  ancient  water-vase. 

Idro  m.  (L.  hydrus,<Gr.)';  water-snake. 

Idro-;  Compounds  so  beginning  correspond  to 
E.  words  in  Hydro-,  with  the  exceptions  specially 
noticed  below. 

Idro-carbonato,  -carburo  petrol,  -ceTato, 
-cele,  -cianico.  -clorato,  -c!6rico,  -dinamica, 
-elittrico  relating  to  a  form  of  medical  battery, 
-(6)fano  hydrophane,  a  variety  of  opal  which  be- 
comes transparent  when  wetted,  -fobia,  -(6}fobo 
rabid,  -(6)geno  or  -(d)gene,  -grafia,  -grAfico, 
-iatria  =  -terapia,  -logia  treatise  on  medicinal 


waters,  -16gico  treating  upon  such  waters,  -16gio 
water-clock,  -(d)logo  writer  upon  water,  -mante 
(with  derivs.  -mantico,  -manzia)  diviner  by  water, 
-nielc,  -(6)metra  professor  of  hydrometry,  -metria 
study  of  flowing  liquids,  -metrico,  -(o)metro  any 
instrument  for  gauging  water,  -patia  hydropathy, 
treatment  of  disease  by  cold  water. 

Idrop-e  m.  or  -isia  f.  (L.,<Gr.);  dropsy. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Idropepe  ;//.  ;  (bot.)  biting  persicaria,  Poly- 
ffonttm  hydropifier. 

Idro-scdpio  m.  ;  instrument  for  measuring 
specific  gravities.  -(6)scopo  water-finder,  -statica, 
-statico,  -terapia,  -terapico,  -torace  thoracic 
dropsy,  r.  Idro-. 

Idruro  «/.;  (fhcm.)  hydrate. 

lefte ;  Jephtha. 
*Iemale(L,);  wintry. 

I^na  f.  (L.,<Gr.  vaiva,  hyaena,  lit. 
sow-like, <U9,  pig,  v.  Suino) ;  hyaena. 

Ieracia/^;=  Pellosclla,  hawkweed. 

leratic-o(Geratico);  hieratic,  said  of  a  certain 
kind  of  ancient  Egyptian  writing  which  consisted  of 
abridged  forms  of  hieroglyphics  and  was  known  only 
to  the  priests.  Aff.  -amente. 

leri  ;  yesterday.  ler  1'  altro,  day 
before  yesterday.  L'  altr'  ieri,  the  other 
day. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  /tier,  Proveng.  her,  ier, 
Catalan  ahir,  Span.  ayer;<  L.  nd,  ht-ri,  yesterday, 
f/.  Gr.  x9f$>  Sanskr.  hyas. 

*  lero  ;  3rd  //.  per/,  of  Ire,  to  go. 

Ierofant-e  (Cierofante)  ;//.  (Gr.)  ; 
i.  high  priest  of  the  Eleusinian  or  other 
mysteries.  2.  Jig.  initiated  person,  e.g. 
in  the  diplomatic  world.  Aff.  -ide  /, 
-ico  adj. 

lerogllfico;  v.  Geroglifico. 

lerograf-ia  /  ;  sacred  writing  in 
ancient  Egypt,  including  both  hierogly- 
phics and  hieratics.  Aff.  -ico. 

lettatura  /  (L.  ejectare,  frey.  of 
ejicere,  to  throw  out);  i.  malign  influ- 
ence, ill  luck.  2.  =Maldocchio,  evil  eye. 

Igasurina/!;  the  alkaloid  of  nux  vowica. 

Igi^n-e  f.  (Gr.  uyteii'ds,  <  uytijs,  sound);  hy- 
giene, study  of  conditions  of  health.  Ajf.  -icamente, 
-ico. 

Igname(Portug.  /w/j«w^,<West  African  native 
term);  yam,  Dioscorea. 

Ignaro(L-);  ignorant. 

*Ignatone  in.  (Gr.  yvdOtav,  parasite,  <  yratfos, 
jaw);  i.  =  Mangione,  greedy  good-for-nothing.  11.= 
Ruifiano,  Bagascione. 

Ignavia/!;  sloth. 

Ignav-o(I,  .,</"«,  not,  gnaw  us,  active,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Navus);  slothful,  cowardly,  abject. 

Ign-eo  (L.,  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Ignition);  as  E. 
Ajffi -\co\o\  i.  atom  of  phlogiston,  v.  Flogisto.  2.  fire- 
worshipper;  -ito,  fiery;  -izione. 

Ign6bil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita  or  -ta,  -mente. 
tlgnoccare  ind.  ignocco;  to  become  surly. 

Ignocco  /«.;  =  Gnocco,  dumpling. 

Ignomini-a  f.  (L.,  <  notnen,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ignominy);  as  E.  Aff.  -osam^nte,  -oso. 


Ignorant-e;  as  E.  Aff.  -accioj 
-aggine  ignorance  as  to  how  to  behave, 
etc.,  -ello  dim.,  -elli  //.,  the  name  of  a 
Catholic  brotherhood  engaged  in  teach- 
ing the  poor.  -eme"nte  adv.,  -<5ne  angm. 
spreg.,  -uccio  or  -uzzo  dim.  spreg. 

Ign-oranza/ ;  as  E.  Aff.  -orare  to 
be  ignorant  of,  -otamente  in  obscurity, 
-oto  unknown.  Etym.  L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ignore. 

Ignud-are;  to  strip.  -0;  naked,  v. 
Nudo. 


IGROMETRIA— IMBAULARE 


297 


Igrometr-fa  f.  (Gr.);  hygrometry.  Aff. 
-ico,  -o. 

Igroscopia  /.,  Igrosc6pico  adj.  ;  as  E. 
Igrosc6pio  »/. ;  hygroscope.  Hygroscopy  is  ob- 
servation of  damp  in  the  air,  hygrometry  registers 
it.  Thus  salt  is  hygroscopic  but  not  hygrometric. 

*  Iguale ;  =  Uguale,  equal. 

Iguanay".  (Haytian  word);  as  E.,  a  species  of 
lizard. 

Igumeno  m.  (Gr.  ^yov/xei-os) ;  abbot  of  a  Greek 
monastery. 

Ih  ! ;  e jccl.  of  annoyance.    Ihi ! ;  the  ass's  bray. 

II  (L.  ille);  \.  the.  2.  him,  it,  v.  Gli, 
Lo.  With  a  geographical  name  the 
article  is  used  in  the  case  of  a  kingdom 
or  province  except  when  following  the 
preposition  in;  as  In  Italia,  Perl'  Italia; 
it  is  not  used  with  the  name  of  a  town 
except  L'  Aia  (the  Hague),  II  Cairo, 
L'  Havre,  La  Mecca,  La  Mirandola,  La 
Pergola,  La  Rocella  (Rochelle),  La 
Spezia.  It  is  always  used  with  names 
of  rivers,  except  Po  and  Arno,  where  it 
is  optional.  It  is  also  optional  with 
islands  except  three  near  Leghorn  which 
always  take  it,  La  Capraia,  La  Meloria, 
La  Gorgona,  and  three  near  Naples 
which  never  take  it,  Capri,  Procida  and 
Ischia.  It  is  never  used  with  Christian 
names  but  is  employed  with  titles,  II 
duca  Carlo.  Surnames  usually  take  it 
with  exceptions  in  the  case  of  celebrities, 
Quando  Garibaldi  and6  in  America. 

Ilar-e  (L.,<Gr.  iXapw,  cheerful, 
<  iXaor,  kind) ;  merry.  Aff.  -ita. 

Ilatro  m.\  (tot.)  evergreen  Phillyrea,  Phillyrea 
lati/olia,  also  termed  Lillatro,  Filleria  sempreverde. 

\\tf,  (Gr.  vAij);  primordial  matter. 

Ileo  or  Ileo  in. ;  (final.')  the  small  intestine, 
ilium.  The  word  is  medical  L.,  taken  from  L.  ilia, 
the  flanks,  its  use  in  anatomical  science  having  been 
suggested  by  Gr.  elAeos,  a  medical  term  for  acute 
colic, <eiAe'w,  to  roll.  Ilia  is  probably  for  **  ixlia, 
cf.  Gr.  ifiis,  soft. 

Ilerda;  a  town  in  Catalonia,  now  Lerida,  D. 
Purg.  18.  101. 

Iliaco  (A) ;  (anal.)  iliac.     (B)  (Gr.) ;  Trojan. 

Iliade/ (Gr.);  i.  the  Iliad  of  Homer.  2.  fig . 
long  series  of  misfortunes. 

*Ilice  m.  or /. ;  =  Leccio,  ilex. 

tlio  in. ;  (anal.)  iliac  bone,  v.  Ileo. 

*  Illabile  ;  steady,  v.  Labile. 

Illacrim-  or  Illagrim-abile ;  not  to  be  wept 
for.  Aff.  -ato,  unwept. 

*  Illagazione  f.;  inundation. 

Illaid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  disfigure,  v. 
Laido. 

Illanguid-irc  ind.  -isco;  to  become,  or  tr.  to 
make,  languid.  Aff.  -imcnto. 

Illaqueare ;  to  ensnare. 
Illative;  inferential. 

Illaud-abile  or  -evole ;  blameworthy.  Aff. 
-ato. 

Illazi6ne^;  inference. 
Illecit-o;  illicit.    Aff.  -amente. 
Illegal-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Illeggiadr-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  embel- 
lish. Also  intr. 

Illeggibile  ;  as  E. 

Illeglttim-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Illepido ;  dull,  v.  Lepido. 
Ill^so;  unharmed. 

Illctt-  or  Illitt-erato;  illiterate.  Aff.  -era- 
tura. 

Illibat-o ;  pure,  undefiled.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -dzza. 

Etym.  L.  in,  libattts,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Libation. 
Since  a  libation  was  the  first  part  of  a  sacrificial 
ceremony,  inlibatiti  came  to  mean  untouched  in 
fig.  sense,  pure. 

H. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  II  or  Im  see  the  simple  -word. 


Illiberal-e  ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Arti  -i,  (he  mechanical 
arts,  handicrafts.  Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Illico  (L.,  contr.  of  in  loco)  ;  immediately. 

Illimitat-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Illine se  ;  Illinois,  in  the  United  States. 

Illiquid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  melt. 

Illitterato ;  =  Illetterato. 

Illivid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  turn  livid.  Aff. 
•ime'iHo. 

Illdgico  ;  as  E. 

Illlidere  perf.  \\\u&,  part,  illuso  ;  as  E. 

Illumin-are  intt.  illumino  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abile, 
-amento,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Illus-i6ne/,  -orio;  as  E.     Aff.  -oriamente. 

Illustr-are;  i.  as  E.  2.  to  give  lustre  to. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -e  adj. 

Illlivie/  (L.  illuvies,  dirt,  lit.  that 
which  is  washed  up) ;  filthiness. 

Uluvidne  /  ;  flood. 

Ilo  ;«. ;  (anal,  and  bot.~)  hilum. 

Ildbati  m.  //.  (Gr.);  the  long-armed  apes, 
Hylobatts. 

I16ta  m.  (Gr.  KtAuc);  Spartan  helot. 

Ima  /.  ;  (.mar.)  i.  rope  (for  a  fishing-net). 
2.  —  da  piombo,  or  da  fondo,  lead-rope. 

Imagine ;  v.  Immagine. 

Imanato  m. ;  office  of,  or  district  under  an 
Imaum. 

Imano  m.  (Arabic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Imaum) ; 
Imaum,  title  of  certain  Turkish  officials,  esp.  priests. 

Imantdpo  m.  (Gr.) ;  stilt  (bird),  v.  Cavaliere 
(16). 

Imbac-are ;  to  generate  maggots. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Imbacchetton-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be- 
come a  bigot. 

Imbach-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.q.  Imbacare. 
Imbacuccare ;  to  muffle  up. 

Htytn.  Ital.  Bacucco,  wrapper,  of  unknown 
origin.  The  suggestions  are  (i)  M.H.G.  bekut, 
making  the  word  a  variant  of  Bautta,  (2)  the  Celtic 
stem  bach,  cp.  Fr.  bache,  waggon-tilt,  (3)  Arabic 
bacock,  piece  of  cloth  for  the  head. 

Imbagliatura  f. ;  (mar.)  deck-planking,  v. 
Baglio. 

Imbalconato  ;  an  epithet  given  to  bright  red 
roses,  perhaps  so  called,  as  stated  in  a  quotation 

S'yen  by  Tommaseo  from  Firenzuola  (t6th  century), 
ialogo  delle  bellezze  delle  Donne,  because  a  certain 
variety  of  rose  of  this  colour  when  first  introduced 
was  displayed  by  its  owners  upon  their  balconies. 
Pianigiani's  explanation  is  that  the  term  refers  to 
the  position  of  the  petals  relatively  to  the  calyx 
which  encircles  them  (che  le  inghirlanda). 

Imbaldanz-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  cheer 
up. 

Imballaggio  in.  ;  i.  paper  or  other 
material  used  in  packing.  2.  cost  of 
packing. 

Imball-are  ;  to  pack.  Aff.  -at6re, 
-atura. 

Imbalordire;  =  Sbalordire,  to  be- 
wilder. 

Imbalsam-are  ind.  imbalsamo ;  to  embalm. 
Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Imbalsim-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  balsamic. 

Imbalumare  ;  (mar.)  =  Fasciare,  to  "serve"  a 
rope. 

Imbalzare  ;  of  a  kicking  horse,  to  catch  his 
hind  feet  in  the  bars  of  the  cart. 

*  Imbambacollato  ;  with  a  gay  head-dress. 

*  Imbambagellato  ;  =  Lisciato,  smoothed  down. 

Imbambagiare ;  to  wrap  in  cotton- 
wool. 

Imbambin-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
like  a  little  child. 

Imbambolare  ind.  imbambolo ;  to 
soften,  move  to  tears. 

*  Imbambolire  ;=  Rimbambinire,  to  grow  child- 
ish. 

Imbancare;  («<ir.)=Bancheare,  to  fit  a  boat 
with  thwarts. 


Imbandierare  itui.  imbandiero;  to  deck  with 
flags. 

Imband-igidneyC,  -imento  m.;  vbsbs.  of -ire. 

Imband-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  lay  the 
table  for  a  feast. 

The  expression  refers  to  a  time  when,  the  tables 
having  been  prepared  for  a  grand  feast,  the  guests 
were  summoned  by  trumpets,  cp.  Corte  bandita, 
v.  •  Corte  (i). 

Imband-it6re  m.,  -itriceyC;  giver  of  a  feast. 

Imbando  >n. ;  (mar.)  the  slack  of  a  rope. 

Imbarazz-are ;  i.  to  embarrass. 
2.  —  lo  stomaco,  to  spoil  one's  diges- 
tion. 3.  to  block  (a  passage).  4.  (mar.) 
to  foul  (the  anchor).  5.  -arsi  di,  to  in- 
termeddle with.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Imbarazz-o  in.  (Span,  embarazo,  obstacle,  < 
em,  in,  I'ara  <.  late  L.  barra,  a  bar,  v,  Harra) ; 

1.  obstacle.     2.   embarrassment.     Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
*Imbarbarescare  ;=Imbarbarire,  to  brutalise. 

Imbarbar-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make,  or  become 
barbarous.  Aff,  -imento. 

*Imbarberescare  ;   i.   to  train  Barbary  horses. 
ii.  Jig.  =  Imboccare,  to  prompt,  suggest. 

Imbarbog-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  pass  into 
second  childhood. 

*  Imbarbottare  ;  to  convert  into  a  Barbotta. 

Imbarcadero  in.  (Spanish  word) ; 
=  Imbarcatoio. 

Imbarc-are;  i.  to  embark.  2.  fain. 
to  get  in  a  rage.  3.  of  timber,  to  warp  ; 
hence  4.  scherz.  to  grow  round  in  the 
back.  *-arsi,  to  fall  in  love.  Aff.  -at<3io 
=  Sbarcatoio  landing-stage,  -atdre  in- 
stigator, -atura. 

Imbarcazidne  /;    i.    rowing-boat. 

2.  =Imbarco  (i). 

Irabarcow. ;  i.  embarkation.  2.  land- 
ing-stage. 3.  small  vessel  of  any  kind. 
4.  meion.  scherz.  —  Vettura,  carriage. 

*Imbard-are  ;  i.  —  Bardare,  to  deck  out.    ii.  = 
Imprendere.     iii.   to  entice,    iv.  -arsi,  to  fall  in  love. 

Imbarilare  ind.  imbardo;  to  pack 
in  a  barrel. 

t  Imbaronare  ;  (>«<w.)  =  Imbalumare,  to  "serve" 
a  rope. 

*  Imbarrare  ;  =  Abbarrare,  to  bar  up. 

Imbas-are;  to  base.  Aff.  -ame'nto 
footing,  -atura. 

Imbasci-ata/  (from  Ambasciata  by 
change  of  prefix) ;  message.  Aff.  -atac- 
cia  pegg.,  -atfna  dim.  vezz.,  -at6re  am- 
bassador, in  trivial  sense ;  when  referring 
to  official  diplomacy  the  terms  used  are 
always  Ambasci-ata,  -atore. 

Imbastard-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  degene- 
rate. Aff.  -ime'nto. 

•Imbastare ;  to  place  the  pack-saddle  on  an 
animal. 

Imbast-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  baste, 
sew  roughly.  2.  fig.  to  plan  out  in  the 
rough,  to  block  out.  3.  to  truss  to- 
gether the  staves  of  a  cask  before 
hooping  it.  Aff.  -it6io  cooper's  truss- 
hoop,  -itura. 

Imbdttersi;  to  fall  in  with,  light 
upon.  &  un  — ,  it  just  depends  upon 
chance. 

'Imbattimo  m.',  hindrance. 

Irabatto  m.  ;  Vento  d'  — ,  sea- 
breeze,  'hindrance. 

Imbaulare  ind.  imbaulo;  to  pack 
in  a  trunk. 

38 


298 


IMBAVAGLIARE— IMBOSSOLARE 


Imbavagliare ;  i.  to  gag.  2.  to 
muffle  up. 

Imbavare  ;  to  smear  with  spittle. 

Imbeccare  ind.  imbe'cco ;  i.  to  feed 
young  birds,  placing  the  food  in  their 
beaks.  2.  Jig.  to  prompt  evidence,  put 
into  the  mouth  of  a  witness  what  he  is 
to  say.  3.  to  teach  children  to  say 
something  by  rote,  unintelligently. 

Imbeccat-a/ ;  i.  mouthful.  2.  bogus 
evidence,  v.  Imbeccare  (2).  3.  Prendere, 
Chiappare  una  — ,  (a)  to  catch  cold, 
(£)  to  take  a  bribe.  Aff.  -accia  pegg., 
-ma  dim.  vezz. 

Imbecherare  ind.  imbechero;  to 
wheedle. 

Etym.  Prof),  akin  to  Becchero,  wine-glass,  or 
an  alteration  of  Imbeverare,  the  idea  being  that  of 
influencing  a  person  by  making  him  tipsy. 

Imbecill-e;  as  E.  Etym.  L.  iwbecillvs,  refer- 
able to  a  form  **imbaccillits,  based  on  baculuw, 
stick,  in  the  sense  of  support,  so  that  the  lit. 
meaning  would  be  weak  for  want  of  support.  Aff. 
-aggine  silly  action,  -ire,  -ita,  -one  or  -ona  augm., 
-utto  tiiiii. 

Imb611e  (L.  imbellis,<bellujn,  v. 
Bellicose) ;  unwarlike. 

Imbellett-are  ind.  imbelle'tto;  i.  to 
paint  the  face.  2.  fig.  -arsi,  to  make 
a  parade  of  virtues  one  has  not  got. 
3.  -ato,  ornate  (style).  Aff.  -atura. 

Imbell-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  beau- 
tiful. *to  beautify. 

*  Imbendare  ;=  Bendare,  to  put  on  a  bandage. 

Imberbe  (L.);  beardless. 

Imberciare  ind.  imbercio  (v.  Ber- 
saglio,  ety/it.);  to  hit  the  mark. 

*  Imbercio  tit. ;  Tirare  all'  — ,  to  shoot  at  a  fixed 
target. 

*  Imberlarc  ;  to  warp. 

Imberrettare  ind.  imberre'tto ;  to 
put  a  cap  on. 

Imbertescare  ind.  imbertdsco ;  to 
fortify,  7'.  Bertcsca.  *  =  Aggirare. 

Imberton-irsi  ind.  -isco ;  to  be  head 
over  ears  in  love. 

Imbestial-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  fly  into 
a  rage.  2.  to  be  obstinately  bent  upon. 
3.  to  brutalise. 

Imbestiare  ind.  imbe'stio  ;  =  Imbes- 
tialire  (3). 

t  Imbestionirsi ;  =  Imbestialire  (i). 

*  Imbeverare  ;  — Abbeverare,  to  give  drink  to. 

.  Imbdvere  perf.  imbewi;  i.  to  ab- 
sorb. 2.  part,  imbevuto,  saturated. 

Imbiaccare ;  to  coat  with  white 
lead. 

*  Imbiadato  ;  sown  with  corn. 

Imbiancare;  I.  to  whiten.  2.  to  white- 
wash. 3.  —  uno,  to  do  his  washing ; 
in  quella  casa  gli  danno  da  mangiare  e 
da  dormire  ma  non  I'  imbiancano,  in 
that  house  they  provide  him  with  food 
and  lodging  but  do  not  do  his  washing. 

4-  fig-  —  un  votoi  una  legge>  una  Pr°- 
posta,  una  supplica,  to  reject  it,  HI.  pass 
whitewash  over  it ;  also  of  persons, 
Pare  che  abbiano  imbiancato  due  in- 
segnanti  comunali,  it  seems  they  have 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the 

refused  to  confirm  the  appointment  of 
two  of  the  communal  teachers.  5.  intr. 
to  become  white. 

Imbiancat6ra  /. ;  laundress. 


"Imbiancatore  m.  ;  i.   laundryman.     ii.   white- 
washer. 

Imbiancatura  / ;  whitewashing. 

Imbiancbino  m. ;  i.  whitewasher. 
2.  fig.  dauber. 

Imbianch-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  whiten, 
i.e.  making  the  texture  white  rather 
than  plastering  with  whitewash. 

*  Imbiccarc  ;  at  chess,  to  draw  the  game. 

Imbiecare  ind.  imbieco ;  to  warp. 

Imbietol-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  be- 
come a  dunce,  lit.  a  beetroot,  v.  Bietola. 
2.  to  go  into  ecstasies  over  a  trifle. 

Imbiettare  ind.  imbie'tto ;  to  wedge 
in,  fix  firmly. 

Imbigiare  ;  to  become  grey. 

Imbigottare  ind.  imbigotto ;  (mar.)  i.q.  Legare 
le  sartie  alle  bigotte,  lo  turn  in  dead-eyes. 

Imbiodare  ind.  imbiodo ;  to  stop 
chinks  with  rushes,  v.  Biodo. 

Imbiond-ire  in,/,  -isco;  to  dye  yel- 
low ;  also  intr. 

Imbiozziniare ;  v.  Imbozzimare. 

Imbirbon-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
a  rascal. 

Imbisacciare ;  to  put  in  a  bag. 
Imbitumare ;  to  tar. 

tlmbiutare  ;  to  plaster  down,  smear,  7>.  Hiutn. 

Imbizzarr-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  make, 
or  become,  excited.  2.  of  a  horse,  to 
frisk.  3.  of  wine,  to  go  bad.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Imbizz-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  fly  into  a 
rage. 

*Imboccaccinato ;  Drappo — ,a  kind  of  chintz. 

Imboccaccito ;  written  in  the  style 
of  Boccaccio. 

Imbocc-are  ind.  imb<5cco;  i.  to  feed. 
2-  fig-  —  co'  cucchiaio  vuoto,  i.e.  to 
pretend  to  teach.  3.  —  uno,  to  teach 
him  thoroughly ;  Ma  via,  per  fare  una 
composizione  volete  essere  addirittura 
imboccati  ?  come  now,  do  you  imagine 
that  because  you  can  do  a  composition 
you  are  completely  educated?  4.  —  un 
cannone,  to  silence  a  gun  by  sending  a 
shot  into  its  mouth.  5.  (mus.)  to  apply 
the  lips  properly  to  the  mouth-piece  of 
a  wind  instrument.  6.  of  a  horse,  to 
receive  the  bit.  "].  of  a  piece  of  mechan- 
ism, to  fit  properly  into  its  place,  e.g.  of 
the  cogs  of  a  pair  of  wheels.  8.  of  a 
street,  to  open  into  another ;  of  a  river, 
to  empty  into  another;  II  Ticino  -a  nel 
Po,  the  Ticino  falls  into  the  Po;  - 
in  un  porto,  of  a  ship,  to  enter  the  mouth 
of  a  harbour.  9.  to  jam,  to  nip.  10.  to 
instruct  a  person  what  he  is  to  say ;  £ 
-ato,  he  has  been  told  what  he  is  to  say. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Imboccatura / ;  i.  outfall;  in  the 
case  of  a  street,  the  outfall  as  opposed 


p: 

ii 


simple  -word. 

to  Sbocco,  the  beginning.  2.  mouth- 
piece of  a  wind  instrument.  3.  the 
proper  way  of  applying  the  lips  to  the 
same.  4.  the  part  of  a  bit  which  goes 
into  the  animal's  mouth. 

*Imbocchi  m. ;  Far  I'  — ,  to  make  faces. 

Imbocciare  ind.  imboccio;  to  form 
buds. 

Imbocciolare  ind.  imbocciolo;  to 
put  into  a  socket,  v.  Bocciuolo. 

Imbocco  m.;  i.q.  Imboccatura  (i), 
outfall. 

*  Imbociare  ;=  Bociare,  to  blame  publicly. 

Imbofonchiare  ;  =  Bofonchiare,  to 
grumble. 

*Imboglientare  ;  to  bring  to  the  boiling-point. 

tlmboglio  in.  ;  (war.)  =  Tela  olona  usata, 
^refilling  canvas,  for  covering  a  rope  where  it  is 
iable  to  be  frayed. 

Imboinare;  v.  Imbovinare. 

Imbol-are  ind.  imbolo  (A);  to  lay  on  the  bole, 
-.'.  Bolo  (3). 

*(K)(var.  of  Involare);  i.  to  steal,  ii.  to  capture 
by  surprise,  iii.  -arsi,  tu  vanish,  D.  Inf.  29.  103. 

*  Imbolip  m. ;  guile. 

*  Imbollicare  ;  lo  be  blistered. 

*  Imbolo  m. ;  IV  — ,  by  -stealth. 

Imbols-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  of  a  horse, 
to  become  broken-winded.  2.  (pers.} 
to  become  too  fat.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Imbonciare  ;  =  Imbronciare,  to  be  surly. 

Imbonire ;  =  Abbonire,  to  pacify. 

Imb6n-0  m. ;  (mar.)  making  good. 
Aff.  -are. 

Imborbottato  ;  protected  (vessel), 
v.  Barbotta. 

*  Imborgarsi ;  Quel  corno  d'  Ausonia,  che  s'  im- 
borga  Di  Bari,  di  Gaeta  e  di  Catona,  that-  horn  of 
luiiy,  of  which  the  cities  of  Bari,  Gaeta  and  Catona 
mark    the  boundary,   D.    Par.  8.  61.     These  places 
being  on  the  farthest  boundary  of  the  territory  of  the 
kingdom  of  Naples  are  as  it  were  suburbs,  Borghi. 

*Imboriarsi  ;  to  glory,  make  one's  boast. 

*  Imborrare  ;  to  stuff. 

Imborsacch-iare  or  -ire;  of  a  plum, 
to  swell  out,  but  with  a  hollow  inside. 

Imbors-are  ind.  imborso;  i.  to  put 
(money)  into  a  purse.  2.  to  put  the 
numbers  or  tickets  for  a  lottery  into  the 
bag  for  drawing.  3.  -ato  as  s&.,  person 
whose  name  has  been  placed  in  the 
bag. 

*to  risk,  cp.  supra  (2).  Quel  che  fidanza  non 
imborsa,  who  risks  no  special  confidence,  D.  Inf. 
ii.  54. 

Imbors-azidne/;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  the 
lottery  tickets  as  a  whole. 

Imbosc-are  ind.  imbosco;  i.  to  hide 
in  the  bush.  2.  to  afforest.  3.  to  place 
(silkworms)  in  the  Bosco.  4.  Imbosc- 
are,  Ingabbiare  or  Imbastire  una  nave, 
to  erect  the  frames  of  a  ship. 

*i.  to  place  in  ambush,  ii.  -arsi=  Imbrogliarsi. 
iii.  -arsi,  of  a  fruit-tree,  to  form  (too  much)  wood. 

Imboscata/ ;  ambuscade. 

Imbosch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  afforest. 
2.  intr.  to  turn  into  forest ;  Se  Ii  lasciano 
stare  questi  poveri  poggi  imboschiranno 
ancora,  if  these  poor  hillsides  are  left 
alone  they  will  get  covered  with  trees 
again.  3.  to  run  wild ;  Una  siepe  -ita, 
a  hedge  left  to  run  wild.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Imbossolare  ;  i.  =  Metter  gli  assicelli  a'  palchi, 
to  fix  the  laths  of  a  ceiling,     ii.  —  Imborsare  (2). 


IMBOTTAINA— IMBROGLIONCELLO 


299 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the  simple  word. 


t  ImbottainayI;  =  Imbottavino,  funnel. 

Imbottare  ind.  imbdtto;  to  put  wine 
into  casks. 

*'.  —  nebbia,  or  buio,  i.e.  to  be  doing  nothing, 
ii.  —  buio,  to  make  blunders,  iii.  to  drink  to  excess. 
iv.  — all' arpione,  to  buy  wine  in  bottles,  v.  — sopra 
la  feccia,  i.e.  to  make  a  second  mistake  in  order  to 
repair  the  first,  vi.  —  al  pozzo,  i.e.  to  drink  water. 

Imbottato  in. ;  excise  duty  on  wine- 
making. 

Imbottat6i-a  /,  -0  m. ;  funnel,  v. 
Imbottare. 

Imbotta-t6re.  -tura  vbsbs.,  -vino  ///. 
funnel ;  i>.  -re. 

Imbdtte  /  ;  (arch.)  intrados,  the 
under  surface  of  an  arch,  esp.  of  an 
arched  window,  v.  Botte  (3). 

Imbottigli-are ;  to  bottle.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Imbottinare  ind.  imbotti'no;  to  use 
the  manure  of  a  cesspool. 

Imbott-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  stuff,  as 
a  sofa,  //'/.  to  make  it  like  a  cask,  Botte. 
2.  (mar.)  to  worm,  to  fill  up  between  the 
strands  of  a  rope  with  small  stuff  wound 
round  spirally;  also  termed  Intregnare. 
AJf.  -itura. 

*  Imbottito  m. ;  a  sort  of  stuffed  jacket. 

Imbovinare  ind.  imbovfno;  to  spread 
cow-dung,  v.  Aia. 

Imbozzacch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  shrivel, 
v.  Bozzacchio. 

Imbozz-are  ind.  imbozzo;  i.  to  pro- 
vide with  short  ropes,  v.  Bozza  (5). 
2.  -arsi,  to  bring  the  broadside  of  a  ship 
to  bear,  to  moor  or  anchor  with  a  spring 
upon  the  cable,  v.  Codetta  (9).  Aff. 
-amento,  -atura. 

Imbozzim-are  orlmbiozzim-are/W. 
imb-  or  imbi-ozzimo;  i.  to  soften,  v. 
Bozzima.  2.  by  ext.,  to  soil  with  any 
sticky  stuff;  Avete  -ato  tutto  questo 
pavimento,  you  have  made  this  floor  all 
sticky.  3.  scherz.  -arsi,  to  paint  one's 
face. 

Aff.  Itnbo/zim-atore,  -atora,  -atura. 

Imbozzolare  ind.  imbozzolo ;  to  form 
a  cocoon. 

t  Imbozzo. lito  or  -ritp  ;  i.  of  one  who  wakes 
with  swollen  eyes  from  having  slept  too  long.  ii.  = 
Impoltronito,  ImboUito. 

Imbraca  /  ;  i.  breeching-strap  of  a 
horse  in  single  harness ;  Buttarsi,  or 
Mettersi  sull'  — ,  to  jib.  2.  strap  of  a 
similar  kind,  e.g.  for  a  workman  to  sit 
on  when  slung  down  a  well. 

Imbrac-are  ind.  imbraco;  i.  to  tie 
up,  swathe,  e.g.  a  statue  when  it  has  to 
be  moved.  2.  to  tie  the  feet  of  a  decoy 
bird,  v.  Braca  (4).  3.  to  tie  up  babies 
with  a  diaper.  4.  to  sling,  11.  Imbraca 
(2).  5.  =  Imbrachettare,  q.v.  (2).  Aff. 
-atura. 

Imbracciare ;  i.  to  pass  the  arm 
through  the  loop  of  a  shield.  2.  at 
Pallone,  to  put  on  the  Bracciale.  3.  (mil. 
hist.)  to  carry  the  musket  on  the  left  arm. 

*  Imbracciatoiey:  ft.;  a  sort  of  tongs. 

Imbracci-atura/ ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  loop 
of  a  shield. 


Imbracciolare  ind.  imbracciolo  ; 
(mar.)  to  fix  the  knees. 

Imbractettare  ind.  imbrachdtto  ; 
i.  to  fasten  up  a  baby's  drawers,  v. 
Brachetta  (2).  2.  (bookb.)  to  mend  a 
torn  page  by  gumming  on  a  slip. 

*Imbracucciare  ;  =  Imbrachettare  (i). 

*  I  mbragacciare  ;=  Imbrattare,  to  imbrue. 

*  Imbragare  ;  =  Imbrachettare  (2).     t  =  Imbra- 
care  (4). 

*  Imbramarsi ;  to  be  seized  with  desire. 

Imbranc-are ;  i.  to  put  among  the 
herd.  2.  -arsi,  to  join  (bad)  company, 
or  spreg.  of  one  who  affects  to  belong  to 
company  above  his  real  rank. 

Imbrandire ;  =  Brandire. 
Imbrasciarsi ;  to  get  red-hot. 

Imbratta-carte  or  -fogli  m.  inded. ; 
spreg.,  bad  writer. 

*  Imbrattamondo  m. ;  bungler. 

Imbrattamuri  m.  indecl. ;  spreg.,  bad 
painter. 

Imbratt-are ;  i.  to  dirty,  to  soil. 
2.  part,  -ato,  cumbered,  obstructed. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atora,  -atura. 

Etym.  Genoese  dial,  bratta,  greasy  or  oily 
mess,  of  unknown  origin. 

•Imbrattascene  <«.;  strolling  player. 

Imbratto  m.  •  I.  daub.  2.  badly 
written  work.  3.  wash,  for  pigs  or 
fowls,  or  spreg.  for  ill-cooked  food 
generally. 

*i.  =Abbozzo,  rough  sketch,  ii.  dirt.  iii.  muni- 
tions of  war.  iv.  entanglement  of  debt.  v.  =  Frode, 
trick. 

*Imbrazzare  ;  =  Imbracciare. 

Imbrecci-are  ind.  imbre'ccio;  i.  to 
ballast,  make  the  foundation  for  the 
surface  of  a  road.  2.  pop.  for  Imberci- 
are.  Aff.  -ata. 

Imbrentin-a  or  -e  f.  (Imbrenune  /,  Imbrent- 
ano  m.)  ;  (bat.)  rock  rose,  Cistus  monspeliensis,  also 
termed  Tignamicone. 

ImbrentineyC;  v.  sujtra.  *  As  m.  ^Imbroglio, 
tangle. 

*  Imbrettare  ;  to  ensnare. 

*  Imbrevi-are  ;  i.  —  Abbreviare.     ii.  to  register. 

Imbriac-are  ind.  imbriaco;  i.  to 
make  drunk.  2.  fig.  to  turn  a  person's 
head  with  promises.  Aff.  -atura. 

tlmbriago  m.  ;  =  Capone  ubbriaco,  streaked 
gurnard. 

Imbriccon-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
a  rogue. 

*Imbrice  ;w.;=Embrice,  tile. 

*Imbrig-are;  i.  to  embroil,  ii.  to  stir  up.  As 
re_fl.  -arsi,  iii.  to  exert  oneself,  iv.  to  concern  oneself, 
v.  to  be  defiled. 

tlmbriggiarsi  ;  =  Agghindarsi,  to  dress  smartly. 

Imbrigli-are ;  i.  to  bridle.  2.  -arsi, 
to  become  entangled  in  the  bridle-reins. 
3.  (mar.)  --  le  sartie,  to  swift  the 
shrouds.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

*  Imbrig-oso  ;  v.  -are. 

Imbroccare  ind.  imbrocco;  i.  to  hit 
the  mark.  2.  to  meet  with  just  at  the 
right  moment.  3.  (shoem.)  to  fasten 
the  shoe  to  the  last  before  putting  in 
the  foundation  of  the  sole.  4.  of  fruit- 
trees,  to  form  buds. 

Imbroccata  /  ;  in  fencing,  prime,  a 
downward  thrust.  Mettersi  sull'  — ,  to 
take  the  position  for  this  stroke. 


'Imbroccato  ;«.;  =  Broccato,  brocade. 

*  Imbroccature  /  //. ;  bows  and  arrows. 

*  Imbrocciare  ;  =  Imberciare. 

Imbrodara ;  =  Imbrodolare. 

Imbrodicchiarsi ;  dim.  to  mess  one- 
self slightly. 

Imbrodol-are  ind.  imbrodolo  ;  to 
make  messes  upon,  lit.  with  Broda, 
greasy  water. 

Aff.  -atura  dirty  mess,  -lafreq.  sb.,  -one  or-ona 
=  Brodol-one,  -ona,  one  who  makes  messes  in  eating. 
Imbrogli-accio  HI. ;  fiegg.  of-o. 

Imbrogli-are  ind.  imbroglio;  i.  to 
tangle,  to  confuse;  Gli  hanno  -ato  il 
cervello,  prima  faceva  da  se  veramente 
bene,  they  have  confused  his  brain,  he 
used  to  do  perfectly  well  by  himself; 
Questione  -ata,  a  complicated  question  ; 
Parevano  -ati  nello  scontrarsi  per  la 
casa,  they  seemed  embarrassed  when 
they  met  anywhere  about  the  house. 
2.  to  mix  up ;  Chi  e  venuto  a  -armi  le 
carte?,  who  has  come  and  mixed  up  my 
papers?  3.  to  deceive;  Tribuni  che 
-ano  la  plebe,  agitators  who  cajole  the 
populace ;  L'  ha  -ato  dandogli  un  genere 
per  un  altro,  he  has  taken  him  in,  and 
given  him  an  article  of  a  different  sort. 
4.  to  bother,  interrupt ;  Ora  non  m'  - 
che  io  m'  -o  facile,  do  not  bother  me 
now,  you  know  it  takes  very  little  to 
disturb  me.  5.  to  be  in  the  way ;  Tutte 
queste  seggiole  in  salotto  non  fanno 
che  — ,  all  these  chairs  in  the  sitting- 
room  are  only  in  the  way ;  Ci  ho  questa 
valigia  che  m'  -a,  here  is  this  portman- 
teau which  is  much  in  my  way.  6.  — 
una  scrittura,  to  misinterpret  a  docu- 
ment, to  wrest  its  meaning  for  one's  own 
ends.  7.  (mar.)  to  clew  up,  brail  up  ; 
—  a  segno,  to  clew  up  block  and  block. 
8.  Jig.  Ora  e  tempo  d'  —  la  vela  alia 
paranza,  it  is  now  time  to  clew  up  the 
ship's  sail,  i.e.  to  begin  to  exercise  dis- 
cretion. 9.  —  la  Spagna,  to  turn  every- 
thing upside  down. 

As  reft.  io.  Non  volersi  —  in  una 
cosa,  to  be  unwilling  to  meddle  with  it. 

11.  Sta  zitto  per  non  s'  — ,  he  does  not 
speak  for  fear  of  getting  into  confusion. 

12.  -arsi,  to  go  to  the  bad;  Con  questo 
socialismo  e  nichilismo  le  cose  s'  -ano 
in  quel  paese,  with  this  socialism  and 
nihilism    things    in    that    country    are 
going  to  the  bad.     13.  (Vederla)  male, 
or  molto  -ata,  in  a  bad  way;  Con  questa 
scoperta  la  vedo  male  -ata  per  lui,  now 
that  this  has  come  out  things  are  in  a 
bad  way  for  him.     *-are,  to  cover  up. 

Imbrogliatame'nte ;  confusedly. 

Imbrogliatello  ;  Neri  e  un  po'  —  a 
sciogliere  quegl'  intrighi,  Neri  finds  it 
a  difficult  matter  to  put  an  end  to  that 
tangle. 

Imbroglio  m.  ;  i.  tangle,  as  the 
Italian  word  is  used  in  English ;  cp. 
supra  Imbrogliare.  2.  (mar.)  brail, 
clew-line,  bunt-line,  leech-line. 

-accia  f. ;  ptgg.  of 


Imbroglion-accio 
-e,  -a. 

Imbroglion-cello  HI.',  dim.  of -e. 


38-2 


300 


IMBROGLIONE— IMMONDO 


For  derivation 

Imbrogli<5n-e  m.,  -a/. ;  tangler,  etc., 
v.  Imbrogliare. 

*  Imbromiarsi ;  to  fill  oneself  with  wine,  lit.  to 
become  a  Bromius  (Bacchus). 

Imbroncare  ;  (mar.)  to  top  a  yard.  —  i  pen- 
noni  in  segno  di  lutto,  to  put  the  yards  apeak,  as  a 
token  of  mourning. 

Imbronciare  or  Imbroncire ;  to  be 
surly. 

*  Imbrottare;  =  Rimbrottare,  to  scold. 

*  Imbrucare  ;=Brucare,  to  strip  off  the  leaves. 
Imbrunali  m.pl. ;  (tnar,)~  Orabrinali,  scuppers. 
Imbrunare ;  =  Imbrunire. 

Imbrun-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  =Brunire, 
to  burnish.  2.  to  become,  or  make, 
dark ;  in  all  senses  ;  Sull'  — ,  about 
dusk. 

*  Imbrusch-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  acquire  a  sharp 
taste,     ii.  to  get  vexed. 

Imbrut-ire  ind.  -isco ;  =  Abbrutire,  to 
brutalise. 

Imbrutt-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make  or 
become  ugly. 

Imbubbol-are  (It.  bubbola,  so  that 
the  ///.  meaning  is  to  regard  the  matter 
in  question  as  silly  nonsense,  v.  Bub- 
bola) ;  obsolete  except  as  reft. ;  -arsi  di, 
to  disregard. 

Imbuc-are;  i.  to  put  (a  letter)  in 
the  box.  2.  -arsi  to  hide  oneself  away 
in  a  hole. 

Imbucatare  ind.  imbucato;  to  put 
into  the  wash-tub. 

Imbudell-are  ind.  imbudello;  -arsi  di,  (vulg.) 
not  to  care  for. 

*  to  put  into  sausage-skins. 
*Imbufonchiare  ;=Bofonchiare,  to  grumble. 

Imbuggerarsi  ind.  m'  imbuggero;  not  to  care, 
tlmbugliolarsi;  to  get  drunk, 
t  Imbumare ;  =  I  mbovinare. 

Imbu-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  stupid, 
///.  be  an  ox,  Bue. 

Imbullett-are  ind.  imbulldtto  ;  i.  to 
put  in  hobnails,  etc.,  v.  Bulletta ;  Coi 
ptedi  -ati,  wearing  hobnail  boots. 
2.  Avere  il  viso  -ato,  scherz.  to  be 
pock-marked  or  pimply. 

*  Imbuondato;  abundantly,  v.  Buondato. 

*  Imburchiare  (7'.   Burchia,  Burchio);   i.  =  Ri- 
morchiare,  to  tow.     ii.  to  plagiarise,     iii.  to  prompt 
a  person,  put  into  his  mouth  what  he  is  to  say. 

*  Imburiassare  ;  =  Imbeccare,    to    prompt,    v. 
Buriasso. 

Imburrare ;  to  spread  butter  on. 

Imburreggi-are  ind.  imburreggio  ; 
to  butter,  i.e.  flatter.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atura. 

Imbuscherarsi  ind.  m'  imbiischero ; 
to  be  indifferent.  —  dell'  aria  torba,  to 
care  nothing  for  obstacles  or  difficulties. 
Affetta  1'  aria  di  me  ne  imbuschero,  he 
affects  indifference. 

Imbuseccliiare    ind.    imbuse'cchio  ; 

1.  to    stuff    sausage-meat     into     the 
skins.     2.    by   ext.,   to   stuff  a   person 
with  food. 

Imbusto  m. ;  —  Buslo,  trunk  of  the 
body.  Bell'  — ,  fop. 

*  i.  the  whole  body.    ii.  waist  of  a  dress. 

Imbutif6rme ;  funnel-shaped. 

Imbutino     in.  ;     \.     dim.    Imbuto. 

2.  (dot.)  —  bianco,  tree  datura,  Datura 


of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the 

arborea.     3.  in  //.,  plants  with  funnel- 
shaped  flowers. 

Imbuto  m.  (L.  inibutus,  part,  of  im- 
buere,  to  moisten);  funnel.  Mangiare 
coll'  — ,  to  eat  greedily  and  quickly. 

Imbuzzare;  to  give  a  person  too 
much  to  eat,  v.  Buzzo. 

Imbuzz-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  — ,  or  -irsi, 
to  be  gloomy,  lit.  to  incline  the  head 
down  towards  the  stomach.  2.  -irsi,  to 
eat  too  much. 

Im6n-e,  -60  m.  (Gr.  'Ypjr,  'Y^f  vaios, 
cp.  Sanskr.  stv,  to  connect,  lit.  to  sew) ; 
i.  Hymen,  god  of  marriage.  2.  by  ext,, 
wedding.  Aff.  -eo,  adj. 

Imenio  ;«.;  (<W.)  hymenium,  the  fructifying 
surface  in  fungi. 

Imendtteri  m.  pi.  (Gr.  VJUTJP,  membrane,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Hymen,  and  irTtpov,  wing) ;  hymen- 
opterous  insects,  those  with  membranous  wings. 

Im6tto  *«.;  Hymettus,  a  mountain  in  Attica. 

Imit-are  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  .ativo,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azioncella  dim.,  -arione. 

Etym.  L.  imitor,freq.  of  **imaret  root  aiem 
or  iem,  to  resemble,  cp.  supra,  Emulare. 

Mmmaccariarst;  to  plant  oneself  in  another 
person's  house  and  live  at  his  expense,  v.  Macca. 

Immacchiarsi ;  to  hide  in  the  bush. 

*  Immacchiato ;  flawless. 

Immacinante;  (mill)  not  at  work. 

Immacolat-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Immagazzin-are  ind.  immagazzfno ;  to  put 
into  store,  to  warehouse. 

Immagin-are  ind.  immagino  (L.,  <  imago, 
root  im,  v.  Emulare,  Imitare,  etym.)',  to  think  of, 
imagine,  -arsi,  to  suppose. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ariamente,  -ario,  -ativa  faculty  of 
imagination,  -ativo,  -atore,  -a/ione,  -e  image,  -etta 
or  -ina  dim.  vezz.  of  -e,  -osame"nte,  -oso  with  a 
fertile  imagination,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.  of  -e. 

Immagr-ire  ind.  -isco ;  =  Smagrire, 
to  get  thin. 

Immalincon-ire  or  Immelancon-ire 
ind.  -isco;  to  sadden. 

Immalizz-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  learn, or 
teach,  mischief. 

*  Immaltare  ;  to  plaster  with  mortar. 

*  Immalvagire  ;  to  learn,  or  teach,  vice. 


Immancabil-e 
-mente. 


infallible.       Aff. 


Immanchevole  ;  faultless. 
Immane;  monstrous. 

Etym.     L.,<z«,  not,  mauus,  good,  root  ma,  v. 
Maturo. 

Immaneggiabile ;  intractable. 

Immanen-te ;    inherent,   intransfer- 
able.     Aff.  -za. 

Immangiabile ;  uneatable. 

Immanigliare ;  to  shackle. 
Immanitk  /  ;  cruelty. 
Immansueto ;  untamed. 
Immantin&nte  adv. ;  at  once. 

Immarcescibil-e;  incorruptible.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

*  Immargin-are  ;  to  join  at  the  edges,     -arsi,  to 
cicatrise. 

*  Immarmorare  ;  to  turn  into  marble. 

Immascher-arsi  ind.  m'  immdsche- 
ro  ;  to  wear  a  mask.     Aff.  -amento. 

Immascheronare    ind.    immasche- 
rono;  to  make  hideous. 

*  Immastellare ;  to  place  in  the  Mastello. 


simple  word. 

*  Immasticare  or  Immastriciare  ;  to  glue  with 
mastic. 

Immaterial-e  ;  incorporeal.     Aff.  -ita,  •me'nte. 

Immatricolare  ind.  immatrfcolo  ;  to 
register,  11.  Matricola  (4). 

t Immattire;  —  Ammattire,  logo  mad. 
Immatur-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
Immeccanico ;  not  mechanical. 

Immedesim-are  ind.  immede'simo ; 
to  unite  into  one.  Aff.  -azione. 

Immediat-am^nte  or  -e  adv.,  -o  adj.\  as  E. 
Immedicabil-e;  incurable.     AJf.  -mente. 

*  Immegliarsi ;  to  become  more  perfect,  D.  Par. 

mmelanconire;  v.  Immalinconire. 

*  Immelare  ;  to  mix  with,  or  flavour  like,  honey. 

Immelens-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow 
dull,  v.  Melenso. 

Immellettare  ind.  immelletto ;  to 
bemire,  to  begrime,  v.  Melletta. 

Immelmarsi  ind.  m'  immdlmo  ;  to 
get  covered  with  mud,  v.  Melma. 

Immemorabile ;  immemorial,     'countless. 

Immemore;  unmindful,  forgetful. 

Immeno  ;  pop.  for  II  meno. 

Immens-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Immensurabil-e;  immeasurable.  Aff.  -ita, 
•mente. 

Immergere  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sui  Merge);  to 
immerse. 

Immeritat-o;  undeserved.     Aff.  -amente. 

Immeritevol-e;  undeserving.     Aff.  -mente. 

Immerlare  ind.  immerlo;  to  cog.  *to  em- 
battle. V.  Merlo  (BX 

ImmersidneyC;  as  E. 

Imm-ettere,  perf.  -isi  or  -e"ssi, 
-ettesti...,  part,  -^sso;  i.  (leg.)  to  in- 
duct. 2.  to  introduce,  e.g.  fish  into  a 
tank. 

Immezz-ire  ind.  -isco  (Immezzare); 
of  fruit,  to  go  rotten,  v .  Mezzo  (B). 

*  Immiarsi  ;    a    word    formed    by    Dante    from 
Mi;   S*  io  m'  intuassi  come  tu  t'  immii,  if  I  became 
part  of  thee  as  thou  dost  of  me,  /.*-.  if  I  could  read 
in  thy  mind  as  thou  canst  in  mine,  Par.  9.  81. 
Immigr-are;  as  E.    Aff.  -azione. 

Inimillarsi  (It.  mille) ;  to  multiply 
by  thousands. 

Immincbionire ;  =  Rimminchionire, 
to  grow  silly. 

Immin-ente  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -enza. 
*Imminuire;  to  diminish. 
*Immirrato;  scented  with  myrrh. 

Immischiarsi ;  to  take  part  in. 

Immiser-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make 
wretched.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Immissario  m.  \  sluice  for  admitting 
water,  intake. 

Immiss-i6ne/ ;  vbsb.  of  Immettere. 
Aff.  -ivo. 

Immistidne/ ;  i.  admixture.  2.  (leg.) 
exercise  by  an  heir  of  rights  of  owner- 
ship, which  precludes  him  from  re- 
pudiating its  liabilities.  3.  interference 
where  one  has  no  right. 

Immite;  harsh. 

*  mmitriare ;  to  make  bishop. 

mmdbil-e;  fixed.  Aff.  -ita,  -itare  or  -izzare, 
-men  e. 

mmoderat-o  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente. 

mmodest-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -am^nte,  -ia. 

mmol-are  (L.,  i>.  Skeat,  sufi  Immolate);  a 
E.  Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Immoll-are  ind.  i  mm  olio;  to  wet. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Imm6nd-o ;  dirty,  v.  Mondare.  Aff. 
-6zz&  or  -izia. 


Immoral-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Immorbid-are  ind.  -o  or  -ire  i>i,t. 
-isco;  to  soften,  v.  Morbido. 

Immorsare  ind.  immorso;  i.  to  put 
the  bit  in  a  horse's  mouth.  2.  to  notch, 
to.jag;  —  a  coda  di  rondine,  to  dove- 
tail. 3.  =  Imparellare,  to  scarf. 

Immortalare  ind.  immortalo  ;  to  immortalise. 
ImmorUil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Immortificato;  with  appetites  unsubdued. 
Immoscadare;   to  scent  with  musk,  v.  Mos- 
cado,  Muschio. 

Immotare  ind.  immoto;  to  splash 
with  mud,  v.  Mota. 


IMMORALE— IMPARISILLABO 

For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the  simple  -word. 


301 


o  ;  unmoved. 
Immucid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  go  bad. 

Irnmun-e(L.,».  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  as  E.     Aff. 


Immusito  ; 
Muso. 


gloomy -looking,      v. 


Immutabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
•Immutare;  to  change. 

Immutato;  unchanged. 

Imo;  lowest.  Da  cinw  ad  — ,  from  top  to 
bottom. 

Etym.  L.  imus,  "for  "insmos,  cf.  Irish  /i, 
tu,  underneath,  Welsh  «,  Breton  a-is,  underneath, 
Irish  tsel,  (ssel,  Welsh,  Cornish  and  Breton  ittl, 
low,<»u,  Oscan  imad-tn,  from  the  bottom;  the  s 
disappears  between  two  nasals"  (Walde). 

Imoscapo  »«.  (L.  imus+Gr.  <r«i>r<«) ;  (arc/t.) 
thickness  of  a  column  at  the  bottom  of  the  shaft. 
tlmpaccarare;=  Imbrattare,  to  dirty. 

Impacc-are  or  -hettare;  to  pack 
into  a  bundle. 

•Impacchiuccare  (Impacciucare)  (It.  pacchio, 
food);   to  make  a  sticky  or  greasy  mess. 

Impacci-are;  i.  to  embarrass,  get 
in  the  way  of.  2.  -arsi  con,  spreg.  to 
have  to  do  with.  3.  -arsi  di,  to  busy 
oneself  with,  take  up.  4.  -ato,  jammed 
(rope). 

Etym.  "pactiarr  (from  L.  factum,  supine  of 
pattgert,  to  fasten),  whence  (i)  ** im-facliare  (> 
Ital.  impacciare)  and  (2)  •• dUpactiare  (>  Ital  dis- 
pacciare),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dispatch.  Other  evidence 
lor  pactian  is  presented  by  Provenc.  empaic/iar 
empmlar  and  old  Fr.  tmpacker.  The  French  rm- 
ptchtr,on  the  other  hand,  though  so  closely  resem- 
bling the  Italian  impacciare,  is  not  cognate,  but 
together  with  Prevent;,  empedegar  is  <  late  L.  im- 
pfdicarr<  L.  pedica,  snare,  <pes,  foot  (».  Skeat, 
tub  Impeach).  Similarly  Fr.  dtpictur  is  <*•<*•«. 
pedicarr,  v.  I.ittre,  suli  Empfcker,  Dtptcker. 
A  (jf.  -atamente,  -o  sh. ,  -<5ne,  -dna  bore,  -oso. 
•Impacciuccare;  r.  Impacchiuccare. 

Impaciarsi ;  at  cards,  to  make  equal 
scores. 

Impadronirsi  ind.  m'  impadronisco  ; 
to  make  oneself  master  of. 

Impadul-are,  *-ire;  v.  Impalud-. 
Impagabile;  priceless. 

Impagin-are  ind.  impagino;  (print.) 
to  arrange  the  proof  in  pages,  as  it  will 
be  printed  off,  to  make  up. 

Aff.  -attire  clicker,  -atura,  -azione. 

Impagli-are ;  to  cover  or  stuff  with 
straw. 

'fart.    -ato.     i.    mixed   with   straw,      ii.    straw- 
coloured. 

Impagliata/  ;  chopped  straw,  chaff. 
*lymg-in  woman. 

Impagliatfno ;  \.m.  seat  of  a  straw- 
bottomed  chair.  2.  as  adj.,  light  yellow. 

Impagli-at6re,  -atura;  v.  -are. 
Impagliettare  ind.  impaglietto ;  (mar.)  to  pro- 
vide  with  mats. 


'Impagliolatay:;  lying-in  woman. 
Impagurire  ;  to  terrify,  v.  Paura. 

Impalancato  m. ;  palisade,  barrier 
of  boards. 

*  Impalandranato  ;  dressed  in  a  Palandrana.y.jj. 

Impal-are  (A)  (It.  palo);  i.  to  im- 
pale. 2.  to  stake  (vines).  3.  (vet.)  of 
a  mule,  —  la  spalla ;  to  plant  its  forelegs 
straight  and  firm  and  refuse  to  move,  to 
jib.  4.  Starsene  -ato,  to  stand  stiff,  as 
if  impaled.  »-arsi,  of  a  grasshopper,  to 
hop  on  to  a  stake. 

(B)  (It.  pala);  to  put  on  the  shovel. 

Impalatura / ;  impalement 

Impalazzato ;  made  like  a  palace. 

Impa.lcam.6nto  m.  •  i.  ceiling. 
2.  flooring.  3.  planking  of  any  kind. 
4.  scaffolding.  5.  lathing. 

Impalcare ;  to  make  the  frame  of  a 
ceiling  or  floor,  to  fix  the  joists. 

Impalcatura /  ;  I.  ceiling  or  floor; 
strictly  the  frame  thereof.  2.  point 
where  a  tree-stem  branches  out.  3.  the 
same  point  in  the  horns  of  a  stag. 
4.  (mar.)  boards  or  planks  hung  on 
ropes  or  otherwise  so  arranged  as  to 
form  a  platform  for  persons  to  stand 
upon  when  cleaning,  scraping  or  paint- 
ing the  outside  or  inside  of  a  vessel,  a 
ship's  masts,  steamer's  funnel,  etc. 

Impalizzare ;  to  palisade. 

Impallare;  at  Italian  billiards,  in 
which  the  object  ball  is  by  the  rules 
always  the  adversary's  ball,  to  stymie 
one's  opponent  by  leaving  one's  ball 
behind  the  red  ball  or  behind  the 
Birilli,  so  that  he  cannot  aim  at  it 
directly,  v.  Birillo. 

Impallid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  turn  pale. 

Impallinare  ind.  impalh'no ;  to  fire 
small  shot  into. 

Impalmare;  to  give  one's  hand  in 
token  of  a  promise  of  marriage ;  —  una 
fanciulla,  to  betroth  oneself  to  a  girl ; 
—  la  figliola,  to  promise  one's  daughter 
in  marriage. 

Impalpabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Impalpare  ;  in  ropemaking,  to  twist 
up  fibre  into  a  strand. 

Impaludare  (Impaludire);  to  turn 
into  a  swamp. 

*  Impampanarsi ;  to  be  covered  with  vine  leaves. 

Impanare  (A);  i.  =  Appanare,  to 
make  into  loaves.  2.  to  cover  with 
bread-crumbs. 

(B) ;  to  cut  the  thread  of  a  screw. 

Impanatura  /  ;  formation  of  the 
thread  of  a  screw. 

Impanazidne  /  ;  as  E.  ;  the  term 
formerly  expressed  the  local  union  of 
the  body  of  Christ  with  the  consecrated 
bread  in  the  Eucharist,  but  later  was 
specially  used  of  Luther's  doctrine  of 
Consubstantiation. 

Impancarsi ;  to  set  oneself  up  with- 
out any  right.  S'  impanca  a  fare  il 
maestro  a  chi  ne  sa  piu  di  lui,  he  sets 


himself  up  to  teach  people  who  know 
more  about  it  than  he  does. 

*to  sit  down  to  a  meal,     tlmpancare,  to  invent. 

Impani-are;  i.  to  smear  with  bird- 
lime. 2.  inir.  or  refl.  -arsi,  to  be  caught. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Impanicciare ;  i.  to  smear  with 
paste.  2.  fig.  to  muddle  things  up,  as 
it  were  to  make  paste  of  them. 

Impannare;  i.  to  weave  in  the  weft 
to  a  warp.  2.  to  fill  windows  with 
sheets  of  paper  or  cloth  instead  of  glass. 
3.  to  gum  a  canvas  on  a  board  for 
painting. 

Impann-ata;  v.  -are  (2).  -atura, 
v.  -are  (3). 

Impannellare  ind.  impannello  ;  to 
cover  the  dough  with  a  Pannello. 

Impantan-are  ind.  impantano  ;  to 
coat  with  mud.  -arsi,  to  plunge  into  a 
swamp. 

•Impanzanare;  to  tell  a  lot  of  lies,  v.  Panzana. 
head  S';  '°  PU"  *  hood  OVer  one's 

Impappin-are  hid.  impappmo;  i.  to 
ask  in  such  a  way  that  the  question 
cannot  be  answered  (lit.  to  fill  the  mouth 
of  a  child  with  pap).  2.  to  deceive,  put 
off  with  subterfuges  ;  Tu  non  m'  impap- 
pmi,  sai ;  non  e  mica  la  roba  fissata 
questa,  now  you  are  not  going  to  put 
me  off;  this  is  not  what  we  agreed  upon. 
3.  -arsi,  to  lose  the  string  of  one's  ideas 
get  flustered. 

Impappolare  ind.  impappolo;  i.= 
Imbrattare,  to  dirty.  2.  fig.  to  deceive. 

Imparacchiare ;  =  Imparucchiare 

Imparadisare;  to  fill  with  delight,  lit.  place 
in  heaven. 

Imparagonabile;  incomparable. 

Irnparagrafare  ;  to  plunge  into  the  mazes  of  a 
long  deed. 

Imparare  ind.  imparo ;   i.  to  learn; 
-  a  mente  or  a  memoria,  to  learn  by 
heart.     2.  =Insegnare,  to  teach. 

.  £.'>'"•  Apparently  a  compound  based  upon  I, 
in,  with  the  force  of  against,  towards,  with  regard 
to,  and  faran,  to  prepare,  hence  "in-farare,  to 
prepare  for,  passing  in  Italian  into  the  sense  of 
learning.  Cp.  tnfra  Imperare. 

There  are  related  forms  in  the  sister  languages 
t  r.  s  emparer,  to  seize,  Proven;,  and  Span,  amfamr 
to  protect,  mlt.  amfarare,  to  ward  oU,  but  these 
seem  to  have  followed  a  different  development,  and 
the  etymology  of  the  whole  group  is  obscure 


Imparaticcio  m. ;  beginner's  work, 
e.g.  sewing  done  by  little  girls  in  school, 
or  schoolboy's  composition. 

*Imparato(L.);  unprepared. 

Impareggiabil-e;  unparalleled.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Imparellare  ind.  imparello;  to  scarf, 
join  two  pieces  of  timber  so  that  they 
make  one  continuous  piece. 

Imparent-are  ind.  imparento ;  to 
become  a  relation  to,  by  marriage. 

•i.    Molto    -ato,    with    numerous    and    powerful 
relati%es.     11.    -arsi,  =Addimesticarsi. 

Impari;  i.  unequal.  2.  odd  (num- 
ber). 3.  (mar.)  as  //.,  the  men  of  the 
starboard  watch. 

Imparisillabo;  (gram.)  with  more  syllables 
in  the  genitive  than  in  the  nominative  case. 


302 


IMPAROLATO—  IMPERIALS 


*Imparolato;  verbose. 

Imparraccarsi ;  to  put  on  a  wig. 

*  Impartibile ;  indivisible. 
Impart-ire  ind.  -isco;  as  E. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  Im  see  the 

stakes  round  a  charcoal  bed  so  as  to 
prevent  any  earth  getting  in. 


Imparuccbiare  (Imparacchiare);  to 
half  learn. 

Imparzial-e ;  impartial.  Aff.  -ita, 
-me'nte. 

Impassfbil-e ;  impassive.  Aff.  -ita, 
-me'nte. 

Impassire;  =Appassire,  to  dry  up, 
wither. 

Impast-are;  i.  —  il  pane,  to  make 
the  dough  for  bread.  2.  to  paste  up, 
fasten  on  with  paste.  3.  to  spread  paste. 
4.  to  mix  anything  with  water,  so  as  to 
make  a  paste.  5.  quasi-fig.  to  create, 
lit.  paste  together ;  Chi  1'  ha  -ato  quel 
coso,  who  can  have  put  that  chap  to- 
gether? 6.  E  -ato  di  sonno,  i.e.  he  is 
always  asleep.  7.  (paint.)  to  mix  the 
colours  on  the  palette.  Aff.  -ata  em- 
broilment, -atore,  -atura. 

Impasticci-are ;  to  mess  a  thing  up, 
make  a  hash  of  it.  -arsi,  to  get  in  a 
mess.  Aff.  -6ne,  -ona,  bungler. 

Impasto  (A)  in. ;  i.  making  dough, 
v.  Impastare.  2.  well-grouped  set  of 
things ;  Queste  terre  cotte  son  un  buon 
— ,  these  terra  cottas  make  up  a  good 
group ;  similarly  of  the  arrangement  of 
colour  in  a  picture:  II  buon  —  del 
colorito,  the  good  massing  of  the  colour. 
3.  fig.  Discorso  che  fc  un  —  di  vecchiumi 
slantii,  a  speech  which  is  only  a  hodge- 
podge of  old  and  stale  observations. 

*(B)(L.  iinfastiti);  unfed,  hungry. 

Impastocchiare  ind.  impastocchio ; 
i.  to  patch  together  (excuses)  on  "the 
spur  of  the  moment ;  M'  impastocchio 
non  so  quali  ragioni  perche  non  era 
venuto,  he  came  out  with  I  don't  know 
what  kind  of  excuses  for  not  having 
come.  2.  =Infinocchiare,  to  gull. 

Impastoiare  (Impastorare)  ind.  im- 
pastoio  ;  I.  to  tether.  2.  to  swathe 
(babies).  3.  fig.  to  cramp  (the  in- 
tellect). 

Impastranarsi  ind.  m'  impastrano  ; 
to  wrap  oneself  in  a  cloak. 

*  Impastriccicato;=  Impiastriccicato,  plastered. 

*  Impastura/.:  =  Pastoia,  pastern. 

Impatacc-are ;  to  cover  with  great 
messes. 

*-arsi  ;=Rappattumarsi,  to  be  reconciled, 
tlmpatassarsi  ;=  tmpicciarsi. 
*Impatibile;  insensible,  insensitive. 

Impatriare ;  =  Rimpatriare,  to  re- 
patriate. 

Impatt-are  ;  in  play,  to  be  quits, 
-aria  con  uno,  to  be  quits  with  him,  -v. 
Patta  (A).  Non  ci  si  puo  nfe  vincerla 
ne  -aria,  lit.  one  can  neither  win  nor 
halve  a  game  with  him,  i.e.  one  cannot 
come  to  an  agreement  with  him.  *i>. 
linpatto. 

Impatticciare ;  to  place  sods  or 
bunches  of  heather  against  the  upright 


*Impatto  ;«.;  bedding  for  cattle,  v.  Pattuine. 

Impaur-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  terrify. 

Impavesare  ind.  impaveso ;  to  stow 
in  the  hammock  nettings. 

Impavesata  / ;  (mar.)  hammock- 
netting,  v.  Pavese. 

Impavid-o;  fearless.    Aff.  -amdnto. 

Impaziente:  i.  impatient;  2.  in  botany  tbe 
term  is  applied  to  plants  the  seed  capsules  of  which 
burst  explosively,  like  the  balsams. 

Aff.  Impazient-are,  to  put  out  of  patience, 
-emente,  -ire  (i.q.  -are),  Impazienza. 

Impazz-are  or  -ire,  ind.  -o  or  -isco  ; 

1.  to  go  mad;  All'  -ata,  crazily.     2.  of 
a  compass,  to  get  out  of  order.     Aff. 
-amdnto,  -ime'nto. 

Impeccabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

Impecettare  ind.  impecdtto ;  to 
stain,  mess,  lit.  with  pitch. 

Impeci-are  ind.  impecio ;  to  coat 
with  pitch  or  tar,  to  "pay,"  v.  Pece. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Impecor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
like  sheep. 

*Impedal-are ;    to   form   the    Pedale.     -arsi,  to 
grow  strong. 

Impedant-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  become 
pedantic. 

•Impedicare  (L.);  i.  to  hinder,     ii.  to  intercept 
(a  letter). 

Imped-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  i.  to  im- 
pede. 2.  to  prevent;  Ha  le  gambe -ite, 
he  has  lost  the  use  of  his  legs.  Aff. 
-fbile,  -ime'nto,  -imentuccio,  -itamente, 
-itivo. 

Impegnaccio  >«. ;  pegg.  Impegno. 

Impegn-are  ind.  impegno ;  i.  to 
pledge.  2.  =Mettere  in  opera  ;  Ha  -ato 
volentieri  tutta  la  sua  autoritk,  he  has 
willingly  brought  all  his  power  to  bear. 
3.  at  a  ball,  to  promise  a  dance  ;  E  -ata, 
she  is  engaged ;  similarly  of  an  engage- 
ment to  be  married,  or  of  a  cabdriver, 
who  is  already  engaged.  4.  (mar.)  — 
un'  ancora,  to  overlay  an  anchor ;  -ato, 
fouled  (rope) ;  —  la  cima,  to  dip  the  end 
of  a  rope  down  between  the  turns  of  a 
seizing,  etc.  5.  —  il  combattimento,  to 
begin  the  battle. 

Imp6gn-0  m. ;  i.  pledge,  obligation, 
engagement;  Affare  d'  — ,  serious  busi- 
ness ;  Mancare  a'  suoi  -i,  to  fail  to  meet 
his  engagements;  Verro  domani  sera, 
ma  senz'  — ,  I  mean  to  come  to-morrow 
evening,  but  I  do  not  pledge  myself. 

2.  diligence,  zeal ;  Studiare  per  disim- 
pegno  e  non  per  — ,  to  study  in  a  half- 
hearted  way.      3.    trouble,   strife,   un- 
pleasant business ;  Non  mi  vo'  mettere 
all'  — ,  I  do  not  want  to  undertake  a 
troublesome  job. 

Impegn6so;  i.  troublesome  (job). 
2.  provocative  (person),  one  who  likes 
to  get  up  a  row. 

Impegn-uccio  tn. ;  dim.  pegg.  of  -o, 
horrid  little  job. 


simple  word. 

Impegolare  ind.  impegolo  ;  to  cover 
with  pitch. 

Impelagarsi  ind.  m'  impelago;  to 
plunge  into  a  sea  of  trouble  or  labour. 

Impelare  ind.  impelo  ;  to  cover  with 
loose  hairs. 

* —  le  guance,  to  begin  having  hair  on  one's  fact:. 
Impellere ;  as  E. 

Impellicciare ;  i.  to  wrap  in  furs. 
2.  =Impiallacciare. 

*  Impend-ere ;    i.  =  lmpiccare,  to   hang.     ii.    to 
spend.      Part.   pres.   -ente.      iii.    impending,     iv.  = 
Sospeso,  doubtful,     v.    as  sb.,  the  imperfect  i1 

Impenetrabil-e ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Impen-itente ;  as  K.     Aff.  -itenza. 

Impennaccbiare ;  to  adorn  with 
plumes. 

Impenn-are  ind.  impenno  ;  i.  to 
cover  with  feathers.  2.  to  put  the  quills 
to  the  keys  of  a  spinet,  serving  like  the 
strikers  of  a  modern  piano.  3.  to 
feather  (arrows).  4.  to  take  up  one's 
pen. 

-arsi  5.  to  become  fledged.  6.  of  a 
horse,  to  rear,  hence  7.  fig.  to  fire  up, 
show  sudden  resentment. 

*i.  —  1'  ali,  to  fly.     ii.  —  il  piede,  to  run  swiftly, 
iii.  to  debit,     iv.  to  describe  in  writing. 

Impennata  /.;  i.  pen-full  of  ink. 
2.  rearing. 

*Irnpennato;  i.   covered  with  feathers,     ii.  ar- 
rived at  a  mutual  understanding. 

*  Impennatura  /.;   i.   plumage,     ii.    quills  of  a 
spinet,  i'.  Impennare  (2).     iii.   sentence  to  a  fine  or 
other  penalty,     iv.  feathering  of  an  arrow. 

Mmpcnnellare ;  i.  to  paint,  r>.  Pennello.    u.Jig. 
to  describe  in  minute  detail, 
t  Impennolare  ;  to  wedge  in. 

Impens-abile  ;  unthinkable,  -ato  ; 
unforeseen,  -atamente,  or  All'  -ata  ; 
suddenly. 

Impensier-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  sad- 
den. 2.  to  preoccupy. 

*  Impensione  „/".;  =  Impiccagione,  han^in^. 

Impepare  ind.  impdpo ;   to  pepper. 

Imper-are ;  to  govern,  -ativamente, 
-ativo ;  as  E. 

Etym.  L. ,  <  parare,  to  prepare,  hence  /«- 
parare,  to  set  preparation  going,  to  give  orders, 
cf>.  supra,  Imparare. 

Imperatoray;;  a  variety  of  plum. 

Imperat6re  *«.;  emperor. 

Imperatdria  f.  ;  {bat.)  —  Peucedano,  hog's 
fennel. 

Imper-at6rio;  of  an  emperor.  -atrice  f.\ 
empress. 

Impercettibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
*Imperche;  because. 
*Imperci6;  therefore. 

Imperciocch.6 ;  since,  whereas.  *in 
order  that. 

Imperdibile ;  (game)  which  cannot 
be  lost. 

Imperdonabile ;  unpardonable. 
Imper-fettamente,  -fetto,  -fezioncellarj'/w. 
-fezi6ne,  -forato;  as  E. 

Impergolare ;  to  make  like  a  Per- 
gola, arbour. 

Imperial-e;  i.  imperial.  2.  Cittk  -i, 
the  Free  Cities  of  Germany.  3.  Carta 
— ,  a  size  of  paper,  22  x  30  inches. 
4.  Acqua  — ,  a  purgative  drink,  also 
termed  Limonata  inglese.  5.  Corona 


IMPERIO— IMPINZARE 


303 


— ,  v.  Corona  (15).     6.  Capone  — ,  v. 
Capone  (5). 

As  sb.,  7.  in  //.,  imperial  soldiery. 
8.  box-seat  on  a  diligence  or  tram-car. 

Aff.  -esco,  -ismo,  -ista,  -mente. 

Imperio  w.;  =  Impero. 

Imperios-o:  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the 

Impetr-are  (B)or  *-ire:  =  Impietrire. 

Impettarsi  ind.  m'  impetto ;  of  a 
horse,  to  bow  its  head  down  trying  to 
get  rid  of  the  bit. 

Impettito ;  very  upright,  lit.  with 
the  chest  thrown  out. 


Imperlt-O;  inexperienced,  unskilled. 
Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Imperituro ;  imperishable. 
Imperlzia  f. ;  unskilfulness. 

Imperlare  ind.  imperlo ;  to  adorn 
with  pearls. 

Impermal-ire  ind.  -isco  (lit.  to  set 
upon  badness,  per  male) ;  to  become,  or 
tr.  to  make  angry.  .Iff.  -imento. 

Impermeabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Impermutabil-e  ;    unchangeable.      Aff.    -ita, 
-mente. 

Impern-are  or  -iare  ind.  imperno  or 
impernio;  to  bolt.  Aff.  Impern-  or  Im- 
perni-,  -agi6ne  or  -ata  rivetting,  -at6re 
rivetter,  -atura  bolting,  -atura,  i.q. 
-agione. 

Impero  or  Imperio  //'.  (L.,  v.  Imperare, 
rtym.)',  empire.  L'  —  basso,  the  Lower  empire, 
Byzantine. 

Iinper6 ;  pop.  for  Per6,  nevertheless. 
*  =  Impercio. 

Imperocche  ;  i.q.  Imperciocche, 
whereas. 

Imperscrutabil-e ;  unscrutable.  Aff. 
-ita,  -mdnte. 

Impersonal-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

Imperson-arsi  ind.  m'  impersono ;  to 
come  into  being.  *part.  -ato,  as  adj., 
well  built,  strongly  made  (man). 

Impersua-dibite  or  -sibile;  not  persuadable. 

Impertanto ;  nevertheless. 
Imperterrito  (L.) ;  unterrified. 

Impertinen-te  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -tello  dim.,  guasi- 
r>ezz.,  -temente,  -tuccio  dim.,  -za. 

Impertinenzare  ind.  impertincnzo;  i.  to  treat 
impertinently.  2.  qnasi-scherz.,  to  say  impertinent 
things  to. 

Impertinenz-dla,  -uccia  ;  dims,  of -a. 

Imperturb-abile;  as  E.  Aff.  -abilita,  -abil- 
mente,  -ato. 

Impervers-are  ind.  imperverso ;  to 
rage  furiously.  Aff.  -ame"nto. 

•Impeschiata/.;  aperture  closed  by  a  worked 

grating. 

Impeatare  ind.  impesto  ;  i.  to  in- 
fect. 2.  to  cause  to  stink. 

t  Impestiare;  to  bolt,  v.  Peschio. 

Impetecchlto ;  i.  blotchy.  2.  fig. 
miserly,  v.  Petecchia. 

Impetiggin-e  /  (L.,  <  imf-ctm,  to  attack): 
(meil.)  impetigo,  a  skin  disease  characterised  by 
closely  set  clusters  of  pustules.  Aff.  -oso. 

Impeto  m.  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  Esser 
di  primo  — ,to  be  of  a  hasty  disposition  ; 
Uomo  d'  — ,  che  piglia  le  cose  con  — , 
con  troppo  — ,  headstrong.  3.  (mil.} 
attack. 

Impetr-are  ind.  impetro  (A)  (L.,< 
patrare,  to  accomplish  ;  the  original 
meaning  is  considered  by  Walde  to  be 
"to  grasp");  to  obtain  by  entreaty.  *to 
receive,  U.  Inf.  23.  27. 

Aff.  -afoil*-,  -ativo,  -atorio,  -azi<me. 


*  Impettorirsi ;  to  stand  with  the  chest  thrown 
out. 

Impetuos-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ita. 
*Impeverare  (A);=  Impepare.    (H);   to  drink, 
///.  with  a  Pevera. 

Impiaccicottare  ind.  impiaccicotto ; 
to  spash  with  pulp. 

*  Impiacevol-ire    itid.    -isco;    to    become,    or 
make,  agreeable. 

Impiag-are ;  to  ulcerate. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Irapiallacci-are ;  i.  to  veneer.  2.  to 
cover  with  sods.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atura. 

Impianell-are  ind.  impianello;  to 
put  the  under  layer  of  tiles,  Pianelle, 
which  are  flat,  upon  a  roof,  prior  to 
covering  them  with  the  curved  tiles, 
Embrici.  Aff.  -atura. 

•Impianellato;  with  slippers  on  the  feet. 

Impiantare ;  i.  to  set  up  (a  factory, 
or  business).  2.  --  una  scrittura,  to 
open  a  set  of  account  books. 

Impiant-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  lay  down 
flooring,  lit.  to  lay  materials  down  on 
the  flat,  v.  Pianta  (2). 

Impiantilo  m. ;  floor,  esp.  tiled  floor. 

Impianto  m. ;  setting  up,  v.  Im- 
piantare. —  scritturale,  set  of  books. 

Impiastra-carta  or  -fdgli,  m.  or/ 
indecl.;  i.q.  Imbratta-carte,  scribbler. 

Impiastragidne  /. ;  a  certain  mode 
of  grafting. 

Impiastr-are ;  i.  to  plaster  greasy 
or  sticky  material  on  any  surface. 

2.  —  fogli,  to  scrawl,  v.  Impiastrafogli. 

3.  (paint.)  to  lay  the  colour  on  badly. 
As    reflective,   -arsi  :    4.    to   get   one's 
clothes  messy.     5.  spreg.  to  paint  the 
face.      *-arsi,  fig.    to    be    reconciled. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atdre. 

Impiastr-icciare  or  -iccicare ;  freq. 
of  -are.  Aff.  -icciame"nto  plastering, 
-iccio  plaster. 

Impiastr-o  m.;  \.  plaster,  cataplasm. 
2.  fig.  thing  useless  for  the  purpose  in 
hand.  3.  (pers.)  bore.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Impiattarsi ;  =  Rimpiattarsi,  to 
cower. 

Impicc  are  (no  doubt  from  the  stem 
pic-,  -v.  Pizzo,  but  precise  etym.  unkn.\ 
perhaps <  It.  picca,  the  arm  of  the  gal- 
lows being  regarded  as  a  pike);  i.  to 
hang  on  the  gallows.  2.  A  -aria,  =  A 
farla  grassa,  at  the  utmost  which  may 
be  expected.  3.  Collo  -ato  net  goletto, 
with  too  tight  a  collar.  4.  Parola  -ata, 
word  occupying  a  wrong  place  in  a 
sentence.  5.  (mus.)  Parte  -ata,  a  part 
which  is  too  high,  which  is  as  it  were 
strangled  by  the  singer. 

Aff.  -agione,  -amento,  -atore,  -atura. 

Iwpiccerello  :  ?•.  Impicciarello. 


simple  word. 

Impiccia  m. ;  Mastro  — ,  blunder- 
head, v.  Impicciare. 

Impicci-are  (var.   of   Impacciare)  ; 

1.  to  embarrass;  Con  fare  -ato,  with  an 
embarrassed  manner.      2.    to   occupy, 
engage.     3.  -arsi,  to  concern  oneself. 

Impice-iarello  or  -erello  m. ;  little 
worry. 

Impicciastrade  m.  indecl. ;  i.  ob- 
struction. 2.  bore. 

Impicciativo  ;  embarrassing,  tire- 
some. 

Impiccinire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
grow  smaller,  esp.  in  fig.  sense,  to  de- 
preciate. 

Impiccio  m. ;  embarrassment. 
Impicciolire ;  =Impiccolire. 

Impicci6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  meddling 
bore.  Aff.  -accio,  -accia  pegg. 

Impiccol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  reduce  in 
size. 

Impidocchiare ;  to  make  or  become 
lousy. 

Impidocch-ire  ind.  -isco;  of  plants 
or  fowls,  to  become  covered  with  lice. 

*  Impiede  m. ;  (arch.)  elevation. 

Impiegabile ;  (money)  available  for 
lending. 

Impiegare  ind.  impiego,  impieghi  (L. 
implicare,  to  enfold,  v.  Piegare) ;  to 
employ. 

Impiegat-o  m. ;  clerk,  officer,  func- 
tionary. Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -ume 
spreg.  lot  of  clerks. 

Impi&g-O      m.  ;       i.      employment. 

2.  office.     Aff.   -uccio  spreg. 

Impiemontizzare ;  to  adopt  Pied- 
montese  ways. 

*  Impiere ;  =  Empiere,  to  fill. 

Impietos-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  move  to 
pity. 

Impietr-ire  (Impietrare)  ind.  -isco; 
to  turn  into  stone.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Impigli-are ;  to  twist  round,  to  en- 
tangle, as  weeds  may  a  swimmer. 
S'  impiglio  nella  rota,  he  got  caught  in 
the  wheel. 

*i.  to  clasp  tightly,  ii.  to  undertake,  iii.  to 
kindle.  As  reflective  -arsi,  iv.  Perche  I'  animo  tuo 
tamo  s'  impiglia?,  why  art  thou  so  absorbed  in  thy 
thoughts?,  I>.  Purg.  5.  10.  v.  to  take  trouble,  D. 
Purg.  14.  117.  vi.  of  a  graft,  to  take  hold. 

Impigr-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
grow,  lazy. 

*  Impigro ;  diligent. 

Impillaccherare  ind.  impillacchero ; 
to  splash. 

*  Impillottare  ;  to  baste  meat  when  roasting. 
•Impingere;  i.  =  Spingere,  to  thrust,     ii.  (mil.) 

to  charge. 

Impinguare;  i.  to  fatten.  2.  fig.  to 
enrich. 

Impingu-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  fat. 

*Impintay^;  thrust.     *Impin-to/rtr/.  -gere. 

Impinzare  (L.  in,  pinsnm,  supine  of 
pinsere,  to   pound ;    cogn.   Gr.   »mV<7-<i>, 
,  to  pound) ;  to  stuff,  to  cram. 


3°4 


IMPIOLARE— IMPRESCRITTIBILE 


Impiolare  ind.  impiolo;  of  grain,  to 
sprout. 

Impiomb-are ;  i.  to  seal  with  lead. 
2.  to  stop  (a  tooth),  lit.  to  stop  it  with 
lead.  3.  part,  -ato,  weighted  with  lead. 

4.  (mar.)  to  splice. 

Impiombat6io  ?n. ;  (mar.)  fid,  also  termed 
Caviglia  da  impiombare. 

Impiombatura/;  i.  stopping  for  a 
tooth.  2.  sealing.  3.  (mar.)  splice ;  — 
alia  corta,  alia  lunga,  short,  long,  splice  ; 

-  ad   occhio,  eye-splice,  also   termed 
Gassa ;  —  da  veliere,  sail-maker's  splice ; 

-  per  paterazzi  a  doppio,  horse-shoe 
splice. 

Impiotare  ind.  impioto;  to  cover 
with  sods. 

Impiparsi  ind.  m'  impi'po ;  to  be  in- 
different to,  lit.  put  into  one's  pipe,  to 
make  light  of.  Una  figura  di  me 
n'  impipo,  person  with  an  air  of  non- 
chalance. 

Impippiare;  =Imbeccare. 

t  Impironare ;  =  Chiavardare,  to  fasten  with  bolts. 

Impium-are ;  I .  to  line  with  feathers. 

2.  -arsi,  to  be  fledged.    3.  -arsi,  to  begin 
to  have  a  beard.    4.  to  place  goat-skins 
in  a  bath  slightly  coloured  with  dye. 

5.  to  give  the  first  dyeing  to  wool  or  silk. 
Aff.  -atura,  -o,  vbsbs. 

*Impiuto;  part.  Impiere,  to  fill. 

*  Impivialarsi ;  to  put  on  the  Piviale. 
t!mpizzato;=Riscaldato,  musty  (wood). 

Implacabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Implacato;  inveterate. 

Implacid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  =  Appl 
dire,  to  calm. 

*  Implausibile  ;  unworthy  of  praise. 

*  Implicanzay.;  contradiction,  difficulty. 

Implicate  ind.  implico  or  implfco; 
i.  to  entrap.  2.  to  involve,  imply. 

Implic-azi6ne  f,  ;  v.  -are.  'overlaying,  e.g. 
with  gold. 

Implicit-o  ;  i.  as  E.    2.  implied.    Aft.  -amente. 

Implor-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -abile,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.  implorare,  lit.  to  ask  with  tears,  < 
plorare,  to  weep,  akin  to  plvere,  to  rain,  flit-inns, 
rain,  Gr.  TrAe'fw,  to  go  by  water,  TrAwros,  aquatic, 
A.S.  Jjffivan,  to  flow,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Flood,  Flow. 

Implume  ;  featherless. 

Impluvio  m. ;  in  ancient  Roman  houses,  the 
square  basin  in  the  atrium,  or  hall,  where  the  rain- 
water was  received. 

*  Impoggiarsi ;  ofthesun,  to  set. 
•Impolarsi;   to  poise  itself  upon  its  poles,  D. 

Par.  22.  67. 

Impolitezza  f.  (Fr.);  imfolitesse,  want  of 
manners. 

Impolitic-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 
tlmpollatura  /;  (mar.)  =  Piede  di  polio  per 
sartia,  shroud-knot. 

*  Impolminato;=Bolso,  Etico. 
*Impolpare;  i.  to  become  plump,     ii.  to  clothe 

with  flesh. 

flmpoltricciare  ;  to  dirty,  v.  Poltricchio. 

Impoltron-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make 
lazy. 

Impolver-are  ind.  impdlvero;  i.  to 
cover  with  dust.  2.  to  dust  sand  over 
fresh  writing  to  save  it  from  smudging. 

3.  -arsi,  scherz.  to  powder  one's  face. 

Impomarsi  ind.  m'  impdmo;  to  be 
bearing  fruit. 

Impomatare ;  to  dress  with  poma- 
tum. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  see  the 
Impomiciare  ;  to  rub  with  pumice. 


laci- 


Imponderabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 

Imponen-te  ;  imposing.    Aff.  -za. 
Imponibile ;  taxable. 

Impopolar-e ;  unpopular.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Impoppato ;  (mar.)  down  by  the 
stern. 

Imporcare  (A)  (It.  porco);  to  soil. 
(B)  (It.  porca);  to  make  furrows. 

Imporporare  ind.  impdrporo  ;  to 
stain  purple. 

Imporrare  or  Imporrire  ind.  im- 
p6rro  (It.  porro,  wart) ;  of  wood  or  damp 
clothes,  to  form  spots  of  mould. 

Imp-6rre  ind.  impongo,  imponi,  v. 
Porre;  i.  to  impose.  2.  to  enjoin.  3.  to 
be  imposing,  impressive.  4.  -orsi,  to 
gain  the  upper  hand. 

*i.  to  attribute,  impute,  ii.  to  assign,  prescribe, 
iii.  —  il  canto,  to  begin  the  singing,  iv.  to  make 
up  (a  wax  figure),  v.  of  cereals,  =  Allegare,  to  set. 
vi.  in  candle-making,  to  form  (a  core  of  inferior 
wax),  vii.  to  put  a  stallion  to  a  mare. 

Imporrire;  v.  Imporrare. 

Import-abile,  -ante,  -anza,  -atdre;  v.  -are. 

Import-are  ind.  importo  (L.,<z'», 
portare,  to  bear);  i.  to  import,  intro- 
duce. 2.  to  import,  be  of  consequence  ; 
Che  -a?,  what  does  it  matter?  3.  to 
mean.  4.  to  amount  to. 

Impbrto  m. ;  total  amount. 

Importun-accio/f^.,  -amente;  v.  -o. 
Importun-are  or  -ire  ind.  importuno;  to  dis- 
turb, V.  -O. 

Importun-ire;  v.  -are.     -itayC;  as  E. 

Importune ;  i.  troublesome,  tire- 
some. 2.  importunate,  but  only  in  the 
proii.  L'  —  vince  1'  avaro,  importunity 
will  overcome  stinginess. 

Etym.  L.  imfortunus,  a  word  formed  by  way 
of  contrast  to  opportunus,  rather  than  from  in  and 
portits,  cp.  explorare  in  relation  to  implorare,  v. 
supra,  Esplorare.  Opportunus  means  coming  like 
a  port  in  a  storm,  <  ob,  portus,  hence  convenient, 
friendly,  importnnus,  inconvenient,  unfriendly.  The 
further  transition  of  meaning  to  persistence  in  begging 
has  not  occurred  (except  in  the  derived  sb.  Impor- 
tunita)  so  completely  in  Italian  and  French  as  in 
English,  Importunate  being  expressible  in  Italian  by 
Incalzante,  Insistente,  and  in  French  by  pressattt. 
*Importuoso;  i.  without  harbours,  ii.  pitiless. 

Imposit6re  m.',=  Impaginatore,  v.  Impaginare. 

Imposizioncella  A;  small  tax. 

Imposizidne  /  ;  i.  laying  on  of 
hands.  2.  tax. 

Impossessarsi  ind.  m'  impossesso  ;  to  become 
master  of. 

Impossibll-e;  as  E.  Aff.  -ita,  -itare  ind. 
impossibllito,  to  render  impossible,  -mente. 

Imposta/.  (L.  impost  to);  i.  tax;  in 
this  sense  the  o  of  Imposta  is  "close." 
2.  leaf,  of  a  folding  door,  or  window- 
shutter;  in  this  and  the  following  senses 
the  o  is  "open."  3.  shutter  of  a  sluice- 
gate. 4.  lintel.  5.  (arch.)  impost,  that 
part  of  a  pillar  on  which  the  weight  of 
the  superstructure  rests. 

tline  of  the  grains  in  an  ear  of  corn.     *  command. 

Impost-are  ind.  imposto  (A)  (from 
the  stem  of  L.  impoftus);  i.  to  lay, 
adjust  in  position,  e.g.  a  dome  upon  its 
piers.  2.  to  draw  out,  lay  down  the 
lines  of,  do  the  preliminary  work  ;  - 
una  nave,  to  lay  a  ship  on  the  stocks ; 
—  una  partita,  to  open  an  account  in  a 


simple  -word. 

ledger,  make  the  first  entries.  3.  to 
post  (a  sentry).  As  reflective  -arsi,  4.  to 
place  oneself  ready,  e.g.  to  return  the 
service  at  lawn  tennis.  5.  to  assume  a 
haughty  attitude. 

(B)  (It.  posta);  to  post  a  letter. 

Impost-atura  / ;  i.  (arch.)  seating, 
bearing,  the  places  where  an  arch  or 
vault  rests  upon  the  piers,  v.  -are  (i). 
2.  bearing  of  a  speaker;  Oratore  che 
non  ha  — ,  speaker  who  does  not  hold 
himself  well.  3.  setting  out  a  job,  v. 
-are  (2).  4.  spreg.  haughty  attitude. 
5.  (mus.)  manner  of  intoning  a  chant. 

Impost-azidne /! ;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Impostem-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  form  an 
abscess. 

Impost-icfna  / ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 
-imew. ;  sediment,  -ia&f. ;  dim.  of -a.. 
-o;  part.  Imporre.  -6ne  m.  ;  augm.  of 
-a,  shutter. 

Impost-6re  m.,  -6ra  f.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
we.);  as  E. 

Impostura/I;  as  E.     *  =  Imposta. 

Imposturare  /  ;  i.  to  be  an  impos- 
tor. 2.  =Arruffianare. 

Impoten-te;  as  E.  *(the  in  being  inttns.) 
very  strong.  Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

Impottinicciare ;  i.  to  soil.  2.  to 
bungle. 

Impover-ire  irtd.  -isco;  as  E.     Aff.  -imento. 

Impraticabil-e ;  i.  impassable.  2.  not 
to  be  made  use  of.  3.  difficult  to  get  on 
with.  Aff.  -ita. 

Impratichire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  practise 
(a  pupil). 

Imprec-are  ind.  impreco  (L.) ;  to 
curse.  Aff.  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atorio, 
-azidne. 

Imprecis-i6ne/;;  inexactitude.     Aff.  -o. 
Impregiudicato ;  undetermined. 
Impregnare  ind.  impregno;  as  E.     *to  make 
a  fool  of. 

Impremeditato ;  unpremeditated. 

Imprendere  per/.  impre"si,  part,  im- 
prdso;  =  Intraprendere,  to  undertake. 

*  i.    to   learn  ;    —   a   mente,    to    learn    by   heart. 
ii.  to  understand,     iii.   to  begin ;  —  briga,  to  begin 
a   quarrel,      iv.    to  seize,      v.    to   reprove,      vi.    to 
kindle. 

Imprendibile ;  impregnable. 

Imprenditdre  m. ;  contractor. 

'Imprentay!  (Fr.  empreinte)<etnpreint,  part. 
of  entpreindre,  <  L.  intprimere);  imprint,  cp.  Im- 
pronta. 

*  Imprentare ;  to  stamp  with  an  image,  to  set  a 
seal  upon. 

Impreparato ;  unprepared. 

Impr^S-ay^  (Ital.  imprendere) ;  i.  en- 
terprise, undertaking ;  L'  —  della  net- 
tezza  pubblica,  the  business  of  providing 
for  the  cleaning  of  the  streets.  2.  arms, 
heraldic  device,  or  the  motto  thereof. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

t  Impresare  ;  to  divide  into  allotments. 

Impresario  m.  ;  i.  manager,  as  the  Italian 
word  is  used  in  English.  2.  =  Appaltatore. 

*  Impresciayl;  haste. 
Imprescienza  /.;  want  of  foresight. 

*  Imprescindibile  ;  that  must  not  be  omitted. 

Impresciuttire ;  v.  Improsciuttire. 

Imprescrittibil-e ;  as  E.,  not  founded  on  any 
external  authority.  Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 


IMPRESO— INACQUARE 


305 


Impr^so;  part.  Iniprendere. 
Impressionabil-e ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 
Impression-are;  to  impress,     -e  f.\  as  E. 
'  Impressiva/I;  organ  of  perception. 
Impresso ;  part.  Imprimere. 

Impressore  m. ;  printer. 


*  Impressura  (Impresura)y^;  perseverance. 

Imprest-are  ind.  impresto  ;  to  lend. 
Aff.  -anza,  lending,  loan. 

Imprestito  (Impresto)  m, ;  loan, 
either  of  money  or  an  object.  Fare  tin 
— ,  to  make  a  loan,  whether  as  lender 
or  borrower. 

•Impresto;  z>.  Imprestito. 
•Impresura;  v.  Impressura. 

Impreteribil-e  (L.  in,  praeterire,  to 
pass  by) ;  indispensable.  Aff.  -me'nte. 

Impreved-fbile ;  unforeseeable.  Aff. 
-ibilme'nte,  -uto  unforeseen,  -utame'nte. 

Impreviden-te ;  lacking  in  foresight. 
Aff.  -za. 

Imprevisto ;  i.q.  Impreveduto. 

Imprezios-ire  ind,  -isco;  to  make 
precious. 

Imprezzabile ;  priceless. 

Imprigion-are  ind.  imprigiono;  to 
imprison.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore. 

•Imprima;  in  the  first  place.  All'  —  che 
before. 

Imprim-ere perf.  impressi ;  i.  to  im- 
press. 2. part,  impresso  printed;  Opera 
impressa  dal  Bodoni,  a  work  printed  by 
Bodoni.  Aff.  -ibile. 

•Imprimitura/;  (paint.)  =  Mestica,  priming. 
Improbabil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Improb-o  ;  i.  wicked,  bad.  2.  heavy, 
exhausting  (work);  Fatica  -a,  fearful 
toil.  Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita. 

*  Improcciare  ;  to  reproach,  7.  Rimprocciare. 
Improduttiv-o  ;  unproductive.     Aff.  -ita. 
Improm^ttere  ;pop.  for  Promettere,  to  promise. 

Imprdnta  f. ;  imprint,  impress,  v. 
Improntare  (A). 

Impront-accio/t'x<-.,  -ame'nte  adv. ; 

V.  -O. 

Improntare  ind.  impronto  (A)  (etyin. 
dub.,  perhaps  a  variant  of  Imprentare); 
to  impress,  imprint,  mark. 

*(B)  (It.  pronto):  i._  =  Approntare,  to  prepare. 
Tat  convien  che  1'  altrui  mal  impronti,  such,  a  one 
must  needs  contrive  harm  to  his  neighbour,  D.  Purg. 
17  ly.  ii.  to  execute  music  at  sight. 

*(C)  (cagrt.  FT.  emprunttr,  mlt.  impromptare, 
perhaps  <  ** promt 'Ian,  an  intensive  <  L.  fromere, 
to  bring  out,  supine  promptum,  so  that  the  primary 
meaning  would  be  that  of  lending.  An  alternative 
derivation  i*<°*imfre>mutuaret<L.  tnntuttni,  loan  ; 
v .  Littre",  sub  Emprunter) ;  to  make  a  loan,  either  as 
lender  or  borrower. 

Improntatdio  m.\  (mil.)  An  instrument  with  a 
convex  face  covered  with  gulta  percha  used  for 
taking  impressions  of  the  interior  of  a  gun. 

Improntitiidine/ ;  effrontery. 

Imprdnto  (A)  (etym.  dub.,  prob.<\t. 
pronto  in  sense  of  impertinent,  the  pre- 
fix being  intensive);  I.  impudent.  2.  im- 
portunate, v.  Importune  (2). 

(B)  sf>.  m.  fit.  improntare,  A);  i.  mark 
on  a  page  produced  by  a  character 
printed  on  the  other  side.  2.  a  raised 
edge  of  paper  gummed  on  to  the  margin 
of  the  drum  of  a  hand  printing-press 
H. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Im  or  In  see  the  simple  word. 

against  which  the  paper  to  be  printed  is 
exactly  adjusted. 

Impronunziabile;  unpronounceable. 

Improperiare  ind.  improperio  ;   to 
shower  down  abuse. 


side,  to  lay  it  on  the  drum  for  the  pur- 
pose of  printing  the  other  side,  in  such 
a  way  that  the  markers  fit  exactly  into 
the  holes  made  by  them  in  printing  the 
first  side. 


Improperio  m.  (L.,<improbrare,  < 
probrum,  altered  under  the  influence  of 
properare,  to  hasten.  For  probrum, 
v.  infra,  Obbrobrio);  bitter  reproach, 
abuse. 

Impr6pri-o;  improper.  Aff.  -amente,  -eta. 
Improrato  ;=  Impruato,  down  by  the  head. 
Improrogabile;  (leg.)  that  cannot  be  deferred. 

Improsciutt-ire  or  Impresciutt-ire 
ind.  -isco;  to  shrivel,  from  old  age,  lit. 
to  become  like  ham. 

*  Improvare  ;  to  disapprove. 

*  Improverare  ;=  Rimproverare,  to  reprove. 

Improwedut-o  ;  unprovided.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Impr6wid-o ;  imprudent,  ill-con- 
sidered. Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Improwis-ame'nte  adv.,  -are,  as  E. 
-ata  f. ;  pleasant  surprise,  -atdre  m., 
-atrice,  -azi6ne  f. ;  vbsbs.  of  -are.  -o ; 

1.  unexpected.     2.    as  sb.,  improvised 
verses;    (L.  improvisus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Improvise). 

*  Improvvisto ;  =  Sprovveduto,  unprovided. 
Impruato;  (mar.)  down  by  the  head. 
Impruden-te;    as    E.      Aff.    .teme'nte,    -za, 

-zuccia  dint. 

Impruaare;  i.  to  make  a  hedge  or 
protection  of  thorn  branches.  2.  fig.  to 
obstruct  the  progress  of. 

*  Impruova;=In  prova,  on  purpose. 

Impub-e  or  -ere ;  under  the  age  of 
puberty. 

Impuden-te;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

Implidic-0 ;  immodest.  Aff.  -ame'nte, 
-izia. 

•Impugna/;  assault. 

Impugn-are  ;  i .  to  take  up  (a  wea- 
pon). 2.  fig.  to  contest  (a  statement). 

*  i.  to  take  (a  hawk)  on  one's  wrist,     ii.  to  assail, 
iii.  to  close  (one's  fist),     iv.  to  grasp. 

Aff.  -abilc,  .atore,  -ntura  handle,  -azione. 
*Impugnere;  to  prick. 

Impulciare ;  to  give  fleas  to. 

Impulcinato  ;      i.      fertile    (egg). 

2.  partly   hatched. 

Impulit-o ;  rude,  rough. 

Aff.  -amente,  -e*zza. 

Impuls-i6ne;  as  E.    Aff.  -ivo,  -o  sb. 

Impun-e  (L.,<poena,  v.  Pena) ; 
scatheless.  Aff.  -emdnte,  -ibile  unpun- 
ishable, -ita  as  E.,  -itamdnte,  -fto. 

Impunt-are  (It.  punta,  lit.  to  run  the 
point  of  one's  foot  into  some  obstacle); 
i.  to  run  against;  Camminando  ha  -ato 
in  un  sasso  ed  e  caduto,  he  stumbled 
against  a  stone  as  he  was  going  along 
and  fell  down.  2.  in  speaking  or  re- 
citing, to  come  to  a  sudden  stop; 
Scolari  che  -ano  a  ogni  verso  che  tra- 
ducono,  pupils  who  stick  over  every  line 
they  translate.  3.  of  a  horse,  to  jib. 
4.  in  speaking,  to  have  a  trick  of 
hesitating.  5.  (print.)  to  "  lay  on,"  i.e. 
when  paper  has  been  printed  on  one 


As  reft.  6.  -arsi,  to  have  an  obstinate 
conviction  or  determination.  7.  of  birds, 
to  settle. 

Impuntatura/;  defect  intheescape- 
ment  of  a  watch,  making  it  lose  or  stop. 

Impuntigliarsi ;  to  show  some  irri- 
tation or  obstinacy  in  a  discussion. 

Impunt-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  quilt. 
2.  to  quilt  two  pieces  of  leather  firmly 
together  with  close  stitches.  Aff.  -itura. 

*Impuntuale;  uupunctual. 

Impuntura/  ;  back-stitching. 

Impur-o ;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Imput-are  ind.  impute,  sometimes 
imputo;  i.  to  impute.  2.  part,  -ato  as 
sb.,  the  accused,  the  prisoner. 

Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -azione. 

Imputrid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  putrefy. 
Aff.  -imento. 

Impuzz-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
become,  stinking. 

In  (L.);  i.  in.  2.  on.  3.  in  the 
place  of;  Se  io  fossi  in  voi,  if  I  were  in 
your  place. 

£5^°  As  a  prefix,  like  its  Latin  proto- 
type, it  is  either  the  preposition  in  (often 
with  the  sense  of  "towards,"  giving 
an  intensive  force)  or  a  negative.  In 
the  latter  case  it  corresponds  to  Or.  av- 
or  a-,  Celtic  an-  or  in-,  Gothic,  O.H.G. 
and  A.S.  un-,  v.  Skeat,  sub  in-,  un-. 
In  consequence  of  its  double  origin  its 
force  is  sometimes  ambiguous,  as  In- 
criminabile.  Before  an  a  it  is  often 
spelt  with  a  single  or  double  n  indiffer- 
ently, as  Inacerbare,  Innacerbare. 

Inabil-e;  incapacitated.  Aff.  -ita, 
-itare  ind.  inabflito,  to  disable. 

Inabiss-are  ;  to  plunge  into  an  abyss. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Inabit-abile ;  uninhabitable,  -ato; 
uninhabited. 

Inaccess-ibile,  -ibilita/:;  as  E.    -o;  =  -ibile. 
Inaccettabile;  unacceptable. 

Inaccia-iare  or  -rire  ind.  -io  or 
-risco;  to  coat  with  steel  on  the  surface. 

Inaccomodabile ;  impossible  to 
mend. 

Inaccordabile ;  i.  irreconcilable. 
2.  impossible  to  tune.  3.  that  cannot 
be  granted. 

*  Inaccorto  ;  not  on  the  watch. 
Inaccusabile  ;  that  cannot  rightly  be  accused. 

Inacerb-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  embitter. 
Fare  —  il  sangue  a  uno,  to  cause  him 
great  pain. 

Inacet-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  turn  into 
vinegar. 

Inacid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  turn  sour. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Inacquare  ;  =  Annacquare,  to  water. 
39 


306 


INACUTIRE— INCAMATATO 


For  derivation 

*  Inac-utire  ur  -uire  ;  to  sharpen. 
Inadattabil-e  ;  unadaptable.     Aff.  -ila. 

Inadeguat-o  ;      inadequate.       Aff. 

-amente. 

Inadempibile ;  impossible  to  fulfil. 

Inademp-im&ito  m.;  non-fulfilment. 
Aff.  -ito. 

Inadoprabile  ;  impossible  to  adopt. 

Inadulabile;  inaccessible  to  flattery. 

Inaflfettato;  unaffected. 

Inaffiare ;  to  "  fetch  "  a  pump,  mois- 
ten its  parts. 

Inaffiat6io;«. ;  =  Ann  afifiatoio,  water- 
ing-pot. 

Inaggregabile ;  impossible  to  unite. 
Inaggnagliabile ;  incomparable. 

Inagrest-ire  ind.  -isco ;  of  grapes 
when  nearly  ripe,  to  go  sour. 

Inaiare;  to  spread  on  the  threshing-floor. 

Inal-are  ;  to  inhale.  Vasi  -anti, 
(anal.}  the  lymphatics. 

Inalbare  ;  (chem.}  to  turn  milky 
white.  *  =  Imbiancare. 

Inalber-are  ind.  inalbero ;  i.  to 
hoist.  2.  -arsi,  of  a  horse,  to  rear,  ustt. 
Impennarsi.  3.  intr.,  or  reft,  -arsi,  to 
lose  one's  temper. 

*i.    to   climb   up   trees,     ii.    to   become   covered 
with  trees,     iii.    to  irritate,  v.  supra  (3). 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore. 

Inalid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dry  up.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Inalien-abile;  as  E.    Aff.  -abilita,  -abilmente. 
Inalterabil-e;   as  E.    Aff.   -ita,   -m6nte,    In- 
alterato. 

Inalveare ;  to  collect  (water)  into  a 
channel  or  bed. 

Inalz-are,  Innalzare ;  to  raise.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Inamabile ;  unpleasant. 

*Inam-are(A)(tt.amo,hook);  to  hook.  (B)-arsi, 
to  be  in  love. 

*  Inambrarsi ;  to  wear  an  amber-coloured  dress. 

Inaiiieno  ;  unattractive. 

Inamid-are  ind.  indmido ;  to  starch. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Inammendabile  ;  impossible  to  im- 
prove. 

Inammissfbil-e  ;  inadmissible.  Aff. 
-ita. 

Inamovlbil-e  ;  irremovable-.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Inane  (L.) ;  empty. 

Inanellare  ind.  inanello  ;  i.  to  curl. 
2.  to  wear  rings.  *to  betroth. 

*  Inanimare  ;  to  animate. 
Inanimate  (Inanime);  as  E. 

Inanim-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  animate. 
2.  of  chestnuts,  to  form  the  kernel. 

Inan-itay:,  -izidne/:;  as  E. 

*  Jnante  (Inanti);~lnnanzi,  before. 
Inantennare;  to  bend  (a  lateen  s.iil)  upon  the 

yard. 

Inappagabile ;  impossible  to  satisfy. 

Inappannabile  ;  impossible  to  be- 
smirch. 


of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

Inappellabil-e;  without  appeal.     Aff.  -mente. 

Inappetenza  / ;  loss  of  appetite. 

Inapplicabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Inapprezzabile ;  i.  inappreciable. 
2.  invaluable. 

Inapprodabile ;  unapproachable. 
Inappimtahile ;  unexceptionable. 

Inappurabile ;  impossible  to  clear 
up. 

Inar-abile;  impossible  to  plough.     Aff.  -ato. 

Inarc-are  (It.  arco);  i.  to  bend  (a 
bow),  to  camber.  2.  to  arch  (the  eye- 
brows). Aff.  -amdnto. 

•Inarcocchiare;  to  bend,  v.  Arcocchio. 

Inargent-are ;  to  plate  with  silver 
or  coat  with  quicksilver.  Aff.  -atura. 

*  Inargoglire;=Inorgoglire,  to  grow  proud. 

Inarguto ;  dull,  in  speaking. 
Inarid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dry  up. 

Inarm6nic-o;  inharmonious.     Aff.  -amente. 
•Inarpicare;  --.  Inerpicare. 
*Inarrare;   to  pay  a  deposit  on   engaging,  v. 
Arra. 

Inarrend6vol-e ;  unyielding.  Aff. 
-dzza. 

*  Inarricciato;  with  straight  hair. 

Inarrivabil-e ;  unattainable.  Aff. 
-mente. 

.     *  Inarsicciare  ;  =  Arsicciare,  to  scorch. 
Inarticolat-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Inascoltato ;  unheeded. 
Inasin-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  stupid. 

*Inaspare;  ?<.  Innaspare. 

Inaspettat-o ;  unexpected.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Inaspr-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  aggra- 
vate (sufferings).  2.  to  sour  (a  charac- 
ter). 3.  to  irritate.  4.  -irsi,  of  the 
weather,  to  get  more  wintry.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Inassegnabile ;  below,  or  above,  any 
assignable  size. 

Inastare ;  i.  to  hoist  upon  a  pole. 
2.  to  fix  bayonets. 

Inattaccabile ;  unassailable. 

Inattendibile  ;  unworthy  of  con- 
sideration. 

Inatten-to;  as  E.    Aff.  -zione. 

Inatt^sto ;  unexpected. 
Inattiv-o;  inactive.     Aff.  -ita. 
Inatto ;  unsuited. 

Inattuabil-e ;  impracticable.  Aff. 
-ita. 

"Inattutibile  ;  impossible  to  keep  quiet. 

Inaudito ;  unheard  of. 

Inaugur-ale,  -are,  -azibneyC;  as  E. 
*Inaurare;=Indorare,  to  gild. 

Inauspicat-o ;  unpropitiously  begun. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

*  Inaverare  (Inavarare)  (prob.  for  **  Innaverare, 
v.  Navera) ;  to  wound  with  a  spear. 

Inawedut-o  ;  unexpected.  Aff. 
-amente,  -dzza. 

Mnavventuray:;  misadventure. 

Inavverabile ;  impossible  to  verify. 


simple  word. 

Inavverten-za/;;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente. 

Inawertlt-0;  i.  unobserved.  2.  un- 
thinking. Aff.  -amente. 

Inazidney^;  inaction. 
Inazzurrarsi ;  to  turn  blue. 

*Incabolare;  =  I  nibrogliare. 

*Incacare;  i.  v.  Cacare.     ii.  =  Disgradare. 

*  Incaccabaldolare;=  Infinocchiare. 
*Incacciare;  to  pursue. 

Incaci-are ;  to  grate  cheese  upon. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Incadaver-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  look 
like  a  corpse.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

•Incagionare;    i.     to  explain  the    reason    of. 
ii.    to  bring  about. 

Incagli-are;  I.  of  a  ship,  to  run 
upon  a  sand-bank.  2.  of  affairs,  -arsi, 
to  become  stagnant ;  Dopo  dieci  anni 
di  fatiche  1'  opera  rimase  -ata  per  la 
morte  del  direttore,  after  ten  years  of 
labour  the  work  came  to  a  standstill 
owing  to  the  death  of  the  superinten- 
dent; II  commercio  s'  -a,  commerce  is 
stagnant.  3.  tr.  to  bring  to  a  standstill. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

*i.  to  coagulate,     ii.  by  cxt.,  to  freeze  up. 

Etyrn.  Ita!.  in-,  caglio,  rennet,  the  primary 
meaning  being  that  of  coagulation,  hence  generally 
stagnation,  difficulty  in  going  on,  or  in  the  case  of  a 
ship,  running  aground,  the  sand-bank  where  she  has 
grounded  being  regarded  as  a  sort  of  coagulum. 
Cp.  Scagliare  (B). 

Incagli-o  m. ;  stranding.  Aff.  -uccio, 
dim. 

Incagn-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be  surly, 
lit.  like  a  dog. 

*  Incaiare  ;=Imbuinare. 
•Incalamitare;  to  magnetize. 

Incalappiare ;  to  ensnare. 

*  Incalciare  ;=  Incalzare. 

Incalciatura  / ;  shape  of  the  stock 
of  a  gun. 

Incalcin-are  ind.  incalcino;  i.  to 
lime-wash  in  a  rough  way.  2.  to  dress 
plants  with  lime  and  water.  Aff.  -atura. 

Incalco  m. ;  in  type-founding,  a  movement 
given  to  the  mould  so  that  the  fused  metal  may  go 
completely  down  and  the  letters  be  perfectly  formed. 

Incalcolibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

*  Incalere  ;  to  be  a  subject  of  care  and  anxiety. 

Incalescenza  /  ;  increase  of  fever- 
ishness. 

*  Incaliginire;  to  cloud  (the  vision). 

Incall-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
horny.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

*Incalmare  (L.  calamus,  reed);  to  enyraft. 

Incalor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  heat,  in- 
flame. Aff.  -imdnto. 

Incalv-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  bald. 

Incalz-are ;  i.  to  follow  up  closely. 
2.  to  drive  home  an  argument.  3.  La 
materia  c'  -a,  the  question  is  a  pressing 
one;  II  tempo  -a,  time  presses;  Le 
notizie  s'  -ano,  news  follows  news  in 
rapid  succession.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore. 

Incalz-o  m. ;  v.  -are.  Metti  un  — a 
quella  molla  che  £  troppo  dolce,  stuff  in 
something  under  that  spring  which  is 
too  weak. 

*  Incalzonarsi ;  to  put  on  breeches. 
*Incamare;  to  restrain,  v.  Camo. 

*  Incamatato  ;  bolt  upright,  7'.  Camato. 


INCAMERARE— INCARTARE 


307 


For  derivation 

Incamer-are  ind.  incamero  ;  to 
transfer  the  property  of  a  corporation 
to  the  State. 


*i.  to  imprison,  ii.  in  an  arquebus,  to  provide  a 
chamber  near  the  breech,  iii.  to  reduce  the  diameter 
of  the  chamber. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atdre,  -azidne. 

Incamerellato ;  divided  into  small 
cells. 

Incamiciare ;  to  put  on  a  coat  of 
whitewash  or  other  material,  to  revet 
an  earthwork.  *to  put  on  a  shirt. 

Incamiciata  f.  ;  camisade,  night 
attack  by  men  with  shirts  over  their 
armour,  so  as  to  be  visible  to  each 
other. 

Incamici-atura   f. ;     i.     v.    -are. 

2.  (mil.)  revetment,   covering ;    —   di 
sacchi   da  terra,   sand-bag   revetment. 

3.  (arch.)  dry  wall,  stones  built  up  with- 
out mortar. 

*  Incammellato;  with  a  hump  like  a  camel. 

Incamminare  ind.  incammfno;  to 
start,  put  on  the  right  road. 

Incamufiare;  i.q.  Camuffare,  to 
muffle  up. 

*Incamutato;=Trapunto,  quilted. 

Incanagl-ire  (-iare)  ind.  -isco;  to 
debase. 

Incanal-are  ind.  incanalo;  i.  to 
canalise  (a  river).  2.  fig.  to  put  an. 
affair  in  train. 

Incanal-atura  / ;  i.  canalisation. 
2.  grooving.  3.  groove. 

Incancellabil-e  ;  indelible.    AJ).  -mente 
Incancellare;  to  rail  off,  v.  Cancello. 

Incancher-ire  ind.  -isco;  -i.  to  be- 
come cancerous.  2.  fig.  -ito,  embit- 
tered; Cura  -ita,  fearful  anxiety. 

t  Incancognare;  to  be  undecided. 

Incancren-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
gangrenous. 

Incandeacen-te;  as  E.     Aff.  -za. 

Incannaggio  m. ;  winding  silk  on  a 
reel. 

Incannare;  i.  to  wind  silk,  v.  Can- 
nello  (3).  2.  to  put  a  tap  in  a  barrel 
v.  Cannella  (i). 

drink    '°  "P?1"  St'ft  an^..stra'8ht  like  »  cane-     »•   to 

Incann-atayl;  v.  -are(i). 

i.  bunch  of  cherries  on  a  split  cane,  71.  Canna 
ladra  sut  Canna  (2).  ii.  fig.  intrigue,  tangle.  Dare 
un  — ,  to  deceive. 

Incannatdio m.;  winder,  v. Arcolaio. 

Incann-atdre,  -atdra,  -atura;  vtsts.  of -are. 

IncanneUare ;  to  fit  to  a  Cannell-a 
or  -o. 

Incanniciata  / ;  the  wing  of  the 
net  used  in  the  sardine  fishery,  which 
floats  horizontally  on  the  surface. 

Incannucci-are ;  i.  to  protect  or 
support  plants  with  a  cane  or  with  a 
fence  made  of  canes.  2.  to  frill,  e.g.  a 
skirt.  3.  to  put  a  broken  bone  into 
splints,  /*/.  into  splints  made  of  canes. 
Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

*  Incanovare ;  to  put  in  the  cellar,  v.  Canova. 


of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

Incant-are  (L.,  meaning  lit.  to  sing 
a  charm) ;  i.  to  enchant.  2.  fig.  —  il 
dolore,  to  charm  away  pain.  3.  Ha  -ato 
la  nebbia,  he  has  had  a  stroke  of  good 
luck.  4.  -arsi,  to  stand  doing  nothing, 
lit.  stand  spell-bound.  *v.  Incanto  (B). 

Aff.  -agione,  -ame'nto,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -atorio. 

Incantesimo  m. ;  i.  enchantment. 
2.  charm,  spell.  3.  witchcraft. 

Incante"vol-e ;  enchanting.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Incanto  m.  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Incantare) ; 
charm,  magic.  Andare  come  la  biscia 

— ,  to  act  like  a  charmed  snake,  i.e. 
do  a  thing  against  one's  will.  I  piccioni 
non  vanno  disturbati  quando  covano,  se 
no  si  rompe  1'  — ,  or  \  incantesimo, 
pigeons  must  not  be  disturbed  when 
they  are  sitting  or  the  affair  is  spoilt, 
lit.  the  charm  is  broken. 

(B)  (L.i'n  quantum,  viz.  to  what  point 
a  bidder  may  go ;  cp.  Fr.  encan,  Genoese 
mean,  inquant,  Provenc.  encan,  enquant, 
v.  Littre",  sub  Encan) ;  auction.  —  or 
Asta,alla  candela,an  auction  kept  open 
while  a  certain  candle  is  kept  alight. 

Incant-ucciarsi ;  =  Rincant-,  to  get 
in  a  corner. 

Incanut-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make,  or 
grow,  grey-haired. 

Incap-acciato  ;  =  Accap-,  heavy- 
headed. 

Incapac-e ;  incapable.    Aff.  -ita. 

t  Incapannare  ;  to  stack  in  a  barn. 

Incaparb-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
obstinate. 


*Incap-are(It.  capo)  or  refi.  -arsi;  to  take  into 
one  s  head,     -ato,  obstinately  determined. 

Incaparr-are;  =  Accaparr-,  to  engage, 
.fc     tiapCSViarsi ;  to  Bangle  (a  horse's  legs)  in 
the  halter.     Aff.  *  -atura,  mark  of  the  halter  on  the 


'i".C"I!?c<?1-.ire  ind-  -'"Co;  i.   of  plants,  to 
)bstinate. 


.  , —  —!—»»,. «-«i  t     trt(4,     -ISCO  J      1,      Ol     I 

knobby,     il.    -irsi,  to  grow  stupid  or  o 
CaP°nare;  <"""'')  '^  CaP°mre> 


t  (an 


Incaponirsi ;  to  be  obstinately  de- 
termined. 

Incapp-are ;  i.  to  put  a  cloak  upon. 
2.  tntr.fig.  to  run  into  a  trap,  into  dan- 
ger; Tu  sei  -ato  in  una  bella  contra- 
dizione,  you  have  plunged  into  a  fine 
contradiction;  Sono  -ato  nei  lacciuoli 
di  quel  furfante,  I  am  entangled  in  the 
coils  of  that  scoundrel.  3.  to  run  against, 
meet  by  chance;  Appena  uscito  di  casa 
-ai  in  quel  figuro,  directly  after  leaving 
the  house  I  ran  against  that  dirty 
fellow.  4.  -arsi,  to  put  on  the  cloak  of 
some  fraternity,  e.g.  of  the  Misericordia. 

i.-Chiappare,  to  catch,     ii.  to  stumble 
Incappellaggio  «.,  or  Incappellatura    f- 
(mar.)  rigging  at  a  mast-head.     -  degli  alberi  di' 
gabbia,  rigging  fixed  at  the  topmost  heads      —  dei 
pennnni,  rigging  fixed  upon  the  yard-arms. 

Incappell-are ;  i.  —  or  -arsi,  to  get 
angry,  v.  Cappello  (12).  2.  (mar.)  to 
rig  a  mast-head  ;  -  le  coffe,  to  get 
tops  over  the  mast-head;  —  i  collar! 
sulle  varee  dei  pennoni,  to  fix  the  rigging 
upon  the  yard-arms  ;  —  le  sartie,  to 
place  the  shrouds  upon  the  mast-head. 

p  put  on  a  hat.     ii.    .arsi,  meton.  to  become  a 


simple  word. 

Incappellatura  f.;  i.q.  Incappellaggio. 
•Incapperucciare;  to  muffle  up. 

Incappiare;  =Accappiare,  to  snare. 

•Incappo  «.;=Inciampo,  stumbling. 

Incappottare  ind.  incappotto  •  to 
muffle  up  in  a  cloak. 

Incappucciare  ;  to  muffle  up  in  a 
hood. 

Incapriccirsi  ind.  m'  incapriccisco ; 
i.  to  be  bent  upon  some  caprice.  2.  to 
form  a  capricious  attachment. 

tlncaracchiato;  deeply  in  debt 
Incarare;  =  Rincarare,  to  make  dear. 

Incaratare  ind.  incarato;  to  issue 
shares  to,  v.  Carato  (3). 
*  Incarbonare  ;=  Incarbonchire. 

Incarbonch-ire  ind.  -isco;  inlr.  or 
refl.  ;  to  assume  the  character  of  a  car- 
buncle, boil. 

Incarbonirsi  ind.  m'  incarbonisco- 
to  be  made  into  charcoal. 

•  !  In=arcarc  ;    '•  =  Incaricare.      ii.   fig.    ,o   load 
with  abuse. 

MncarCG-'T^,15  ••  AjS~  -•"nant0'  -™°™~ 

Incarco,  i.  loaded.  11.  as sb.,  burden  iii  Ter 
reno-,  the  human  body.  i,.  =  Armamento.  v  = 
Impeto,  roga.  v,.=Affronto,  Onta,  insult  vH  = 
hiasmio.  II  suo  star  fuor  non  era  senza  --  his 
Fu^S  ™*y  >vould  be  a  reproach  to  him  Ar.'Orl 


Incardinarsi  ind.  m'  incardino;  to 
turn  upon,  be  hinged  upon. 

Incardirsi  ;  to  form  the  sucker,  v. 
Cardo  (3). 

Incaric-are  ind.  incdric-o,  -hi  •  to 
entrust  a  task,  -arsi,  to  undertake,  -ato 
d  affari,  in  diplomacy,  charge1  d'affaires. 

care'"04'''0  '"''  diplomatic  commission.     *v.  In- 


,    ' 
ente;  cordially 


<=-    »•  incarnation. 

^  -ato'  *''  tncar' 
•i.  of  a  wound  when  healing,  to  skin  over,     ii    to 

s^iSrt^Ti  ii;-  -  faiconi-  <°  trai"  ^° 

to  strike,     iv.   to  bury,  e.g.  3  lion's  claws,  in  flesh 
v.   -ato,  related  by  blood. 

Incarnat-fno  or  -o  ;  rosy,  the  colour 
of  a  rosy  cheek.  Also  as  si.,  rose- 
colour. 

Incarnazidne./;  as  E. 

Incarn-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  of  a  toe- 
nail,  to  grow  in.  2.  fig.  Aver  un  vizio 
-ito  neir  ossa,  to  have  an  ineradicable 
vice. 

*  Incarognarsi  ;  fig.  to  fall  in  love. 

Incarogn-irezV/rt'.  -isco;  i.  to  become 
good  for  nothing,  v.  Carogna  (i).  2.  of 
disease,  to  become  chronic;  Tosse  che 
s  -isce,  a  cough  that  cannot  be  got 
rid  of. 

Incarrare  ;  (mil.)  to  limber  up. 

Incarrucolare  ind.  incarrucolo  ;  i.  to 
adjust  a  rope  upon  a  pulley.  2.  fig 
Lasciarsi  —  in  una  cosa,  to  allow  one- 
self to  be  persuaded  to  do  it. 

Incartam&ito  m.  ;  set  of  papers 
relating  to  a  case. 

Incartapecor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be- 
come parchment-coloured. 

Incart-are  ;  i.  to  wrap  in  paper. 
2.  of  cocoons,  in  reference  to  their  being 

39—2 


3o8 


INCARTATA— INCETTARE 


For  derivation 

more  firmly,  or  less  firmly,  formed ; 
Questa  volta  hanno  -ato  male,  sentite 
come  son  flosci,  this  time  the  silk- 
worms have  made  the  cocoons  up  badly, 
feel  how  flabby  they  are.  3.  of  plants, 
to  twist  their  root-fibres  together.  4.  to 
harden  (flabby  material) ;  Cappello  -ato, 
=  Cappello  duro,  hard  hat.  5.  fig.  to  be 
right ;  Non  ne  -a  uno,  he  never  hits 
upon  the  right  thing. 

*  Incartata./;  paper  spread  over  a  window. 

Incarto  m. ;  i.  =  Incartamento,  set 
of  papers.  2.  outer  wrapping  of  a  co- 
coon, v.  Incartare  (2).  3.  degree  of 
stiffness,  e.g.  in  starching  linen  ;  Prender 
1'  — ,  to  be  too  much  starched. 

Incartocci-are  ind.  incartbccio ;  to 
twist  up  in  paper,  v.  Cartoccio.  *-arsi, 
to  shrivel  up. 

Incartonare  ind.  incartono;  to  put 
between  paste-boards. 

*Incascolito;  small  (grape),  v.  Cascoli. 

Incasellare  ind.  incasello  ;  to  sort 
away,  v.  Casella. 

Incass-are;  i.  to  pack  in  a  case. 
2.  to  put  in  the  coffin.  3.  to  encash. 
4.  to  put  (the  works  of  a  watch)  into 
the  case.  5.  to  fix  (the  barrels  of  a  gun) 
to  the  stock.  6.  to  set  (a  jewel).  7.  to 
embank  (a  stream).  8.  Occhi  -ati  =  In- 
fossati,  deeply  sunken.  9.  Aver  la  testa 
ben  -ata,  of  a  horse,  to  have  its  head 
well  set  on.  *  =  Combaciare,  to  join. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

"Incassionare;  to  call  before  a  judge. 

Incasso  m.\  i.  takings.  2.  groove 
or  mortise  for  various  parts  of  a  fire- 
arm. 3.  Cambiali  all'  — ,  bills  for 
collection. 

*Incastagn-are;  i.  to  line  with  chestnut-boards, 
ii.  -arsi,  =  Imbrogliarsi,  to  become  confused. 

*Incastell-are ;  i.  to  fortify  with  castles. 
ii.  -arsi,  — Accamparsi,  to  pitch  one's  camp.  iii.  to 
provide  a  galley  with  its  castles ;  similarly  of  an 
elephant,  iv.  =  Ammassare,  to  pile  up.  v.  7'. -atura. 
Incastellatura/I;  (vet.)  abnormal  compression 
of  the  hoof,  making  it  difficult  to  shoe. 

Incaston-are  ind.  incastono;  i.  to 
set  a  gem  in  a  ring.  2.  fig.  to  intro- 
duce unsuitable  phrases  in  a  speech. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Incastr-are ;  to  embed,  let  in.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atura. 

Etym.  Disputed,  but  probably<blt.  ** incas- 
trare  (cp.  L.  incastratura,  in  the  Vulgate,  referring 
to  the  mortising  of  the  boards  of  the  Tabernacle  ; 
Exodus,  chap.  26),  <  L.  castrum,  enclosure  (ft. 
castra,  camp). 

Incastr-0  m. ;  i.  recess,  bezel  of  a 
ring  or  for  a  watch-glass.  2.  tool  for 
cutting  a  horse's  hoof  to  receive  the 
shoe.  3.  timber  for  lining  the  shaft  of 
a  mine.  4.  at  billiards,  Tirar  1'  — ,  when 
the  object  ball  is  near  a  cushion,  to  aim 
in  the  gap  between  them.  5.  Unire  per 
— ,to  mortise;  Calettatura  a  doppio  — , 
slit  and  tongue  joint.  6.  (mar.)  -i  delle 
aspe,  pigeon-holes  (of  a  capstan). 

*  Incastronire;=  Rimminchionire,z'.Castrone(2). 

Incatarr-arsi ;  to  catch  cold.  Aff. 
-am^nto. 

Incatenacciare ;  to  shoot  the  bolt, 
v.  Catenaccio. 


of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

Incaten-are  ind.  incateno ;  i.  to 
fasten  with  a  chain.  2.  by  ext.,  to  fasten 
firmly  in  any  way.  3.  to  put  a  chain 
across  a  passage,  so  as  to  stop  it. 
4.  (arch.)  to  secure  a  dangerous  struc- 
ture with  chains.  5.  —  la  corona,  to 
thread  a  rosary  together.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

*  Incatorbiare;  to  lock  up,  v.  Catorbia. 

Incatorzol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  of  fruit, 
to  shrivel  instead  of  ripening,  hence 

2.  of  cloth  that  has  been  wetted  and 
crumpled,   -ito,  crushed  out  of  shape. 

3.  (pers.)  Starsene  -ito,  to  cower  down. 

Incatramare  ind.  incatrdmo ;  to  tar. 

t Incatrapecchiato;  =  Incaracchiato,  in  debt. 

tlncatriare  ;  to  form  a  grating. 

tlncatricchi-are  (a  compound  probably  based 
upon  L.  in,  craticula,>\l.  graticola);  i.  to  tangle 
the  hair.  2.  fig,  -arsi,  to  get  perplexed. 

Incattiv-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be,  or 
put,  out  of  temper. 

*  I  ncaugltarsi  (perhaps  for  Incavigliarsi);=Ran- 
nodarsi,  to  join  together. 

Incaut-o  ;  incautious.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Incavalcare;  i.  to  superimpose. 
2.  —  la  maglia,  to  slip  one,  knit  one, 
pass  the  slipped  stitch  over  the  knitted 
one. 

*  Incavall-are  ;  i.  — la  croce  dell'  ordito,  =  Met- 
tersi  le  verghe.     ii.   -arsi,  to  provide  oneself  with  a 
horse,     tiii.  -arsi,  v.  Incavalcare  (2). 

Incav-are ;  to  hollow  out.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Incavern-are  ind.  incaverno;  i.  to 
form  a  cavern.  2.  -arsi,  of  water,  to 
flow  underground.  3.  -ato,  cavernous 
(eyes). 

*  Incavestrare;  to  tie  up,  v.  Capestro. 

Incavezzare  ind.  incavdzzo ;  to  put 
a  halter  on  a  young  horse,  to  accustom 
him  to  it. 

Incaviccbi-are ;  i.  to  peg,  fasten 
with  a  peg.  2.  -ato,  of  a  horse  with  its 
front  legs  very  near  together,  as  if  joined 
by  a  peg. 

Incavigliare ;  i.  to  hang  on  a  peg. 
2.  to  peg  in. 

Incavigliatura/I;  (mar.)  tree-nailing. 

Incavo  m.  ;  i.  i.y.  Incavatura,  a 
hollow  ;  Bell'  —  di  vita,  well-formed 
waist.  2.  Lavoro  d'  — ,  sunk  work, 
intaglio.  3.  (mar.)  —  Boccame,  sheave- 
hole. 

In.c6d.-ere  perf.  -fetti  or  -ei,  part. 
-uto  ;  to  walk  with  dignity,  to  stride. 

"Incelarsi;  v.  Incielare. 

*  Incendere  perf.  incest,  purt.  inceso  or  incenso ; 
i.  to  set  on  fire.     ii.  to  cauterise. 

Incendi-are;  to  set  on  fire.     Aff.  -ario. 

Incendio  in.  (L.,<in-  and  the  root  of  candere, 
to  glow,  cp.  Sanskr.  chand,  to  shine,  v.  Skeat,  snh 
Candid) ;  fire,  destruction  by  fire. 

Incenerare  ind.  incenero ;  to  strew 
wilh  ashes.  *  =  Incenerire. 

Incener-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  reduce  to 
ashes.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Incens-are  ind.  incenso ;  to  perfume 
with  incense,  lit.  or  fig.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ata,  -atina  piece  of  delicate  flattery, 
-atore,  -atura,  -azione,  -iere  incense- 
holder. 


simple  word. 

Incenso  m.  (L.,<ince>it/err,  to  burn);  as  E. 

Incensurabile;  free  from  blame. 

Incentiv-o  m.  (L.  incentives,  lit.  striking  up  a 
tnne,<*'«c/«£>r,  to  sound  an  instrument,<*«-,  canfre, 
to  sing,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hen) ;  as  E. 

Incentr-are  ind.  incentro;  to  centralise.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Incepp-are  ind.  ince"ppo;  i.  to  em- 
barrass ;  part.  -ato.  2.  troubled  with 
headache.  3.  Ancora  -ata,  anchor 
fouled  by  the  stock.  *-ato  attached  to 
the  stock,  Ceppo.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura 
stupid  feeling  in  the  head. 

Inceppito ;  stock  still. 

Inceralaccare ;  to  seal  with  sealing- 
wax. 

Incerare  ind.  ince"ro;  to  wax.  Tela 
incerata,  oiled  silk  or  cloth. 

*  of  growing  corn,  to  change  from  green  to  yellow. 

Incerat-o  m. ;  i.  oil-cloth,  tarpaulin. 
2.  lining  of  a  hat.  3.  Esser  vestito 
d'  — ,  i.e.  to  be  indifferent  to  other 
people's  views  or  sentiments.  Aff.  -ino, 
v.  -o  (2),  -oio  waxed  stick  for  waxing 
cloth,  -ura. 

Incercbi-are  ind.  inceVchio;  i.  to 
hoop  (a  cask).  2.  in  a  ball  game,  to 
hit  the  ball  with  the  rim  of  one's 
racquet. 

*i.   to  encircle,     ii.  -arsi,  to  curve  round. 

Incercinare  ind.  incdrcino  ;  to  place 
a  pad  on  the  head,  v.  Cercine  (i). 

Incercon-ire  ind.  -isco ;  of  wine,  to 
turn  sour. 

*  Incerfugliato;  with  unkempt  hair. 

*  Incerrare  (prob.  for  Inserrare);  to  fasten  up. 

Incert-0  ;  i.  uncertain ;  Dei  -i,  gods 
in  ancient  Rome  unprovided  with  a 
regular  worship  ;  Martiri  -i,  persons 
ready  to  die  for  their  faith  but  not  put 
to  the  proof.  2.  as  sb.,  perquisite ;  —  di 
stola,  priest's  perquisite.  Aff.  -ame'nte ; 
-arello  or  -erello,  sb.,  small  uncertain 
earnings ;  -dzza  ;  -olo  or  -uolo  dim., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg.,  of  -o  (2). 

*  Inceso;  i.  part.  Incendere.     ii.  as  sb.,  cautery. 
*Incespare;  i.  =  Incespicare,  to  stumble,     it.  to 

cover  with  turf,  v.  Cespo.     iii.  to  flourish,  lit.  grow 
like  a  bush. 

Incespicare  ind.  ince'spico  (dim.  In- 
cespare);  to  stumble. 

Incessabil-e;  unceasing,  'inevitable.  Aff. 
•me*nte. 

Incess-ante;  as  E.     Aff.  •anteme'nte. 

InceSSO  m.  ;  stride,  v.  Incedere. 

*  Incestare ;  to  put  in  a  basket. 
Incest-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -uosamente,  -uoso. 

Incetta/;  i.  Fare  — ,  to  buy  up, 
to  make  a  corner.  2.  the  collecting, 
e.g.  of  pictures,  votes,  favours. 

*i.  Fare  — ,  to  buy  (a  single  article),  ii.  (Fare 
una  cosa)  per — ,  in  one's  own  interest,  iii.  splendid 
profit. 

Incett-are  ind.  incetto  (L.  inceptare, 
but  as  this  in  literary  use  only  meant 
"  to  begin,"  it  must  be  assumed  that  in 
popular  language  it  had  a  different 
meaning,  depending  upon  capture,  to 
take);  i.  to  buy  up,  to  forestall  (in  the 
old  sense),  to  corner,  usu.  Far  incetta. 
2.  by  ext.,  to  collect,  v.  Incetta  (2). 
Aff.  -atore. 


INCHECCARE— INCOLA 


309 


Inchecoare  ind.  inchdcco ;  to  sput 
ter,  in  speaking. 

*  Incherere  or  *  Inchiedere ;  to  seek  after. 

*  Inchiarire  ;  =  Rallegrare,  to  cheer. 


Inchiavacciare ;  to  bolt  the  doors. 
Inchiavardare ;  to  fasten  with  screw- 
bolts. 

*In-chiavare;  to  lock,    '-chiavellare ;  to  nail 
down,     '-chiavistellare  ;  to  bolt. 

Inchi6sta/;  enquiry,  search. 

Inchin-are  :  i.  to  bow  down.    2.  — 
uno,  to  bow  down  before  him.    3.  to  be 
inclined,  e.g.  to  some  vice.     4.  -arsi,  to 
submit,  e.g.  to   the   decrees  of  Provi- 
dence. 

Aff.  -amento,  -evole,  i.  yielding,  2.  inclined; 
•o  bow. 

Inchiodacristi  in. ;  (&»/.)  European  box-thorn, 
Lycium  Eurojtaettm,  also  termed  Spino  santo,  Co- 
rona di  spine,  Agutoli. 

Inchiod-are  ind.  inchiodo;  i.  to  nail 
down.  2.  in  shoeing  a  horse,  to  drive 
a  nail  into  the  quick  of  the  hoof;  prov, 
Chi  ne  ferra  ne  inchioda,  a  person  who 
does  much  must  make  some  mistakes. 
3.  to  spike  (a  gun).  4.  — ,  to  incur  debts 
to  ;  -arsi,  to  get  into  debt. 

Aff.  -amenlo,  -atore,  -atura. 

Inchiostr-0  m.  (L.  encaustum,  =  Gr. 
(yxavrrrov,  the  purple  ink  with  which 
the  later  Roman  emperors  signed  their 
edicts) ;  i.  ink.  2.  Jig.  Essere  — ,  to  be 
in  a  bad  humour.  3.  Puzzare  d'  — ,  to 
be  not  paid  for.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-are  vb. 

Inchiudere ;  =  Includere. 

*  Incl ;  there. 

*  Incialdare  ;  to  wrap  up,  •:•.  Cialda. 

*  Inciamberlato  ;  decorated  with  arabesques. 

Inciamp-are  (It.  ciampa,  leg);  to 
stumble  against.  —  nel  codice,  to  come 
into  contact  with  the  law.  Prov.  O  ci 
d&  o  c'  -o,  either  I  lose  by  it  or  else  get 
into  trouble  over  it,  i.e.  things  always 
turn  out  wrong  with  me.  Aff.  -ata, 
stumble. 

Inciampicare ;  dim.  or  freq.  of  In- 
ciampare. 

Inciampic6ne  m. ;  i.q.  Inciampone. 

Inciampo  m.  ;  I.  stumbling-block. 
2.  impediment. 

Inciamp-6ne  m.  ;  stumble,  worse 
than  -ata. 

*  I ncibreare ;  to  make  a  hodge-podge  of. 

Incicci-are  ;  i.  to  cut,  e.g.  when 
shaving.  2.  Jig.  Ha  -ato  anche  lui  a 
mille  lire,  he  let  him  in  too  for  a  thousand 
francs. 

Inciden-tale;  as  E.  Aff.  -talm^ntc,  -le,  -te- 
mente,  /  q.  -talmente,  -za. 

Incidcre  perf.  incisi,  part,  inciso 
(L.);  to  incise,  cut.  -  in  rame,  to 
engrave  upon  copper. 

*  i.   Noi  incidemmo  il  cerchio,  we  cut  across  the 
circle,  D.  Inf.  7.  100.     (Another  reading  is  ricidem- 
iii".)    ii.    to   digress,     iii.    of  the  gastric  juice,  to 
dissolve. 

•Incielare  (Incelare);  to  place  in  heaven,  D. 
Par.  3.  07. 

Incigliare  :  r.  to  plough  a  second 
time.  2.  to  thrash  an  adversary 
soundly. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 

Incittadinarsi ;  to  go  and  live  in  a 
town. 

Inciuccarsi ;  to  get  drunk. 

Inciuch-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
stupid. 


Incignare  (L.  encaeniare,  to  put  on 
new  clothes,  lit.  to  celebrate  the  en- 
caenia, feast  of  dedication,  <  Gr.  KCUVUS, 
new);  i.  to  put  on  new  clothes.  2.  i.q. 
Manimettere,  to  begin. 

Incfle  (L.,  <  incidere,  to  cut)  ;  in- 
take, for  supplying  water  artificially, 
e.g.  to  a  canal. 

*  Incimare  ;  to  place  at  the  top. 

Incimicito ;  infested  with  bugs. 

Incimurr-irsi ;  i.  of  dogs,  to  catch 
distemper,  or  of  horses,  glanders. 
2.  scherz.  (pers.)  to  catch  cold.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Incincignare  (It.  in,  cincinno  curl) ; 
pop.  for  Gualcire,  to  crush  (a  dress). 

*  Incincischiare  ;  to  ornament  with  slashes. 

Incinerazi6ne  /  ;  i.  dressing  with 
ashes,  v.  Incenerare.  2.  incineration 
of  a  body  by  cremation. 

*  Incinfrignare ;  to  patch  up. 

Incing-ere  (Incignere)  perf.  incinsi, 
part,  incinto;  obsolete  except  in  part. 
incinta,  pregnant.  *i.  to  surround, 
ii.  -ersi,  to  become  pregnant. 

*  Incinghi-are  ;  =  Cinghiare,  to  strap.     Egli  ha 
-ata  la  mula,  at  play,  =  Ha  buono  in  mano,  he  can 
show  game. 

Mncinquare;  i.  to  multiply  by  five.  Questo 
centesm'  anno  ancor  s'  incinqua,  this  centenary  year 
shall  be  five  times  repeated,  D.  Par.  o.  40,  meaning 
probably  that  the  fame  of  Folco  shall  last  more  than 
five  hundred  years,  i.e.  for  an  indefinitely  long  time, 
ii.  to  prolong  (tenure  of  magistracy)  for  five  years. 

Incinta ;  i.  pregnant.  2.  (mar.) 
=  Cinta,  wale. 

Etym.,  in  sense  of  pregnant,  cogii.  to  Fr.  en- 
ceintft<l..  incincta,  a  word  which  in  classical  Latin 
means  girdled,  but  was  known  to  Isidore,  6th  century, 
in  the  sense  of  pregnant. 

Mncioccare  (Germanic,  with  intensive  prefix 
in-;  v.  Skeat,  s»b  Shock,  no.  i);  to  clash,  cp.  E. 
the  shock  of  arms. 

1 1  nciospare ;  -  Disordinare. 
Incipiente;  as  E. 

Incipoll-are,  or  more  tesii.  -ire  inti. 
-isco  ;  of  wood,  to  soften  where  it  is 
exposed  to  damp  (//'/.  to  become  like  an 
onion,  Cipolla).  Aff.  -atura. 

Incipriare ;  to  dust  with  toilet- 
powder. 

Inciprign-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  ciprigno, 
acrid,  <  Cipero,  galingale,  from  the 
bitter  principle  contained  in  the  root) ; 

1.  to  fester.     2.  tr.  to  inflame,  e.g.  the 
eyes  (as  by  dust). 

Incirca  ;  i.q.  Circa,  about.  AH'  — , 
approximately. 

Incirconciso ;  uncircumcised. 
Inctrcoscritt-ibile  ;   illimitable,      -o  ;  uncon- 
ditioned. 

*  Incischiare;  =  Cincischiare,  to  cut  up  small. 

*  Inciscrannato ;  seated  in  an  armchair,  T>.  Cis- 
cranna. 

Incis-i6ne/;  as  E.  -ivo;  i.  as  E.  i.  adj. 
or  s6.t  incisor. 

Inciso  ;    i.  part.  Incidere,  incised. 

2.  (gram.)  introduced  by  way  of  paren- 
thesis. 

Incisore;  i.  =  Incisivo  (2).  2.  as 
s6.,  engraver. 

Incit-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Incitrull-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
a  blockhead. 


*  Inciuscherare  ;  to  make  half-drunk. 

*  Inciveare  ;    to   place   on   a   basket   sledge,   v. 
Civea. 

Incivett-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become  a 
coquette. 

Incivile  ;  i.  ill-mannered.  2.  bar- 
barous. 

Incivil-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  civilise. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Incivil-mente,  -tayC;  v.  -e. 

Inclemen-te;  as  E.    Aff.  -za. 

Inclin-are;  to  incline.     Aff.  -abile  or  -evole. 

Inclinazidne /;;  i.  as  E.     2.  magnetic  dip. 

Inclito  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  KAvrds,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Loud); 
famous. 

Includere  perf.  inclus-i,  part,  -o  (L.,  v. 
Cbiudere);  i.  to  include.  2.  to  enclose,  e.g.  a  letter 
in  the  same  envelope  with  another  letter.  Aff.  In- 
clusione. 

Inclusivayl;  i.  =  Inclusione.  a.  the  opposite 
of  Esclusiva,  g.v. 

Inclusiv-amente  or  -e  ;  inclusively. 

Inco-are  ;  used  only  in  the  part,  -ato,  to  insti- 
tute legal  proceedings. 

Etym,  L.  inchoare,  for  incohare,  <  »'«-,  co/tus, 
the  place  where  the  yoke  was  fastened  to  the  pole  of 
a  plough,  so  that  inchoare,  which  means  to  begin 
(an  essay,  or  a  work  of  art),  shows  hardly  a  trace  of 
its  literal  sense,  which  would  be  to  fix  the  yoke  to 
the  pole.  Callus  is  from  the  root  ktigh  or  kogh,  to 
enclose,  to  fix  in  place,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Haw,  Quay. 

Incoativo ;  (gram.)  inchoative,  a  class  of  words 
of  which  Italian  verbs  in  -escere  are  examples. 

Incoazidne/".;  beginning. 

Incoccare  (A)  ind.  incocco  (It. 
c6cca);  to  fit  to  the  notch.  (B)  ind. 
inc6cco  (It.  c6cca) ;  to  fasten  the  thread 
to  the  button  of  the  spindle. 

*  -arsi,  to  sputter  in  speaking,  Ariosto  Orl.   Fur. 
46.   33. 

Incocci-are;  i.  i.q.  Pigliare  i  cocci, 
to  fly  into  a  rage.  2.  (mar.)  to  hook. 
3.  -arsi,  to  be  obstinately  determined. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Inc6cere  or  Incu6cere  ind.  incuocio 
incuoci  incoce...,  subj.  incuoca,  perf. 
incossi  incoce'sti...,/wA  incocero,  part. 
inc6tto;  i.  to  scorch,  whether  by  heat 
or  cold.  2.  to  roast  ore.  3.  of  salad 
left  in  the  dish  with  its  dressing,  to 
assume  the  right  tone. 

Incodard-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
a  coward. 

Incoercibile ;  as  E.,  the  term  was  formerly 
applied  to  things  which  could  not  be  obtained  sepa- 
rately, such  as  heat,  magnetism  and  electricity. 

Incoer6n-te ;  i.  incoherent.  2.  of 
actions,  inconsistent,  inconsequent.  Aff. 
-teme'nte,  -za. 

Incbgliere  or  (poet.)  Incbrre  ind. 
incblgo  inc&gli  incoglie...,  perf.  incolsi 
incoglie'sti...,  part,  inc&lto  (with  "open" 
o,  v.  infra,  Incolto) ;  i.  to  catch  or 
intr.  to  happen  unawares.  2.  —  bene  o 
male,  to  turn  out  well  or  badly. 

Incognitamente;  Vivere  — ,  to  live  in  ob- 
scurity. 

Incdgnito;  i.  unknown.    2.  as  E. 

Incoiare  (Incuoiare)  ind.  incoio;  to 
become  leathery. 

*  Incoinquinato ;  immaculate. 

Mncol-a  or  -o  ;«.  (L.);  inhabitant.  *-ato  in. 
domicile. 


3io 


INCOLLARE— INCREMENTO 


Incoll-are;  I.  to  paste  or  glue  to- 
gether. 2.  to  cover  canvas  with  gum 
prior  to  painting  on  it.  3.  -arsi,  to  cake. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Incoller-ire  or  -irsi  ind.  -isco;  to 
get  in  a  rage. 

Incolorarsi ;  to  assume  a  colour. 
Incolbro ;  uncoloured. 

Incolpabil-e ;  blameless.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente. 

Incolp-are  ind.  inc61po;  i.  to  lay 
the  blame  upon.  2.  (leg.')  in  the  phrase 
-ata  tutela,  the  right  of  self-defence,  ex- 
tending to  justifiable  homicide  (the  pre- 
fix being  here  negative).  Aff.  -at6re, 
•azione. 

Incolpevol-e ;  innocent.  Aff.  -mente. 

Incolt-amente,  -ezza_/.;  v.  -o  (B). 

Incolto  (A);  with  "open"  o,  part. 
Incogliere.  (B)  with  "close"  o  (L.  in- 
cultus) ;  uncultivated,  rough. 

Inc61um-e  (L.,  <  a  root  kelo  to  smite, 
cp.  L.  cla-d-es,  slaughter,  pro-cdla,  storm ; 
Gr.  xdX-of,  stunted,  v.  Waldew^Clades) ; 
unharmed.  Aff.  -ita. 

Incombente  m. ;  =Obbligo,  duty. 

Incombenza  or  Incumbfenza/ ;  task 
of  a  minor  kind. 

Incombenzare  ind.  incombenzo;  to 
entrust,  e.g.  with  a  message. 

Incombere  (L.  incumbere,  where 
cuinbere  is  a  nasalised  form  allied  to 
cubare,  to  lie  down ;  root  kub,  to  bend, 
cp.  Gr.  KV(J>OS,  bent);  i.  to  weigh  upon. 
2.  to  be  incumbent  upon. 

Inconibriccolarsi ;  to  mix  (with  bad 
company). 

Incombustibil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

Incominci-are ;  practically  synony- 
mous with  Cominciare,  but  the  prefixed 
in-  may  sometimes  indicate  the  begin- 
ning (i)  of  a  rather  serious  undertaking 
or  (2)  of  what  is  to  be  a  regular  practice. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Incommendare  ind.  ipucmmendo;  to  convert 
nto  a  Commenda,  q.v. 

Incommensurabil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -itk,  -mente. 
Incommerciabile  ;  not  to  be  traded  with. 
Incommutabil-e ;      unalterable.      Aff.     -ita, 
-me'nte. 

Incomodamente;  uncomfortably. 

Incomod-are  ind.  incomodo;  i.  to 
incommode.  2.  part,  -ato,  i.q.  Malaz- 
zato,  out  of  sorts.  3.  Non  s'  incomodi, 
a  phrase  of  civility,  Do  not  get  up,  Pray 
keep  your  hat  on,  or  the  like. 

Incomoditay! ;  inconvenience. 

Inc6mod-o;  i.  inconvenient.  2.  trou- 
blesome. As  sb.,  3.  inconvenience. 

4.  cost  of  work ;  Mi  direte  voi  quant'  e 
1  vostro  — ,  I   shall  leave  it  to  you  to 

say  what  you  will  charge  for  your  trouble. 

5.  as  a  phrase  of  politeness ;  Scusate 
dell'  — ,  pardon  my  intrusion  ;   Siamo 
qui  a  dargli  un  po'  d'  — ,  we  have  come 
to  pay  you  a  little  visit.     6.  slight  dis- 
turbance of  health ;   E  pieno  d1  -i,  he 
has  a  lot  of  little  troubles;    I   vecchi 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

hanno  tanti  -i,  old  age  brings  a  num- 
ber of  troubles  with  it.     Aff.  -uccio. 

Incomparabil-e;  as  E.     Ajf.  -mente. 


Incompartfbile ;  impossible  to  di- 
vide. 

Incompatibil-e;  as  E.    Ajf.  -ita,  -mente. 

Incompatto ;  not  compact. 

Incompensabile  ;  impossible  to  compensate. 
Incompeten-te ;  as  E.     Ajj.  -temente,  -za. 

Incompianto ;  unregretted. 
Incompiut-o  ;      unfinished.       Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Incomplet-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 
Incomportabil-e;  insupportable.    A$.  -mente. 
*  Incompossibile;  incompatible  (notions). 

Incomp6st-o  ;  disordered.  Aff. 
-amente,  -dzza. 

Incomprenslbil-c;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Incompr^so;  not  understood. 

Incompressibil-e ;  as  E.     Aff.  -it^. 
Incomputabil-e;  impossible  to  reckon.     Aff. 
•mente. 

Incomunicabil-e ;  as  E.     Aff.  -it^. 

Inconc-are ;  to  put  in  the  wash-tub. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Inconcepibil-e ;  inconceivable.     Aff.  -ita. 
Inconciliabil-e  ;     irreconcilable.       Aff.     -ita, 
-mente. 

Inconcludent-e  ;  inconclusive.     Aff.  -emente, 

Inconcusso;  unshaken. 
Inc6ndito;  ill-digested. 

Incondizion-ato ;  unconditional.  Aff.  -ata- 
mente. 

Inconddtta/;  (war.)  bad  behaviour. 

Inconfusaminte ;  /.?.  Confusamente,  the  /«- 
being  intensive. 

Inconfutabil-e  ;  irrefutable.     Aff.  -mente. 

Incongiungibile  ;  impossible  to  unite. 

Incongruen-te ;  not  in  conformity.  Aff. 
-temente,  -za. 

Incongru-p;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Inconocchiare  ind.  incondcchio  ;  to  lay  upon 
the  distatT. 

Inconoscibil-e ;  impossible  to  know.  Aff.-v&, 
-mente. 

Inconsap6vol-e ;  uninformed.  Aff. 
-dzza,  -me'nte. 

Inc6nsci-0 ;  unaware.  Aff.  -amente. 

Incons-eguente,  -eguenza,  -iderabile, 
-ideratamente,  -ideratezza,  -iderato,  -idera- 
zi6ne,  -istente,  -olabile,  -olabilmente,  -olato ; 
as  E. 

Inconsu&to ;  unaccustomed. 
Inconsult-o ;  without  reflection.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Incons-umabtle,  -umato  or  -unto;  as  E. 
Inconsutile  (L.,  v.  Sutnra);  seamless. 
Incontadinare  ;  to  turn  into  a  rustic. 
Incontamin-abile ;  impossible  to  contaminate. 
Aff.  -atamente,  -atezza,  -ato. 

Incontanente  adv. ;  immediately. 

Incontemplabile;  impossible  to  contemplate. 
Incontentabil-e ;  insatiable.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Incontestabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 
Incontinen-te  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 
*  Inconto  ;=  Incolto,  rude. 

Incontrare  ind.  incontro ;  i.  to  meet. 
2.  to  incur,  meet  with.  3.  intr.  to  find 
favour,  prove  popular. 

Incontrastabil-e ;  indisputable.  Aff. 
-ita,  -m^nte. 

Incontrastato ;  undisputed. 

Inc6ntrow. ;  i.  meeting.  2.  (mil.) 
encounter.  3.  Avere  — ,  to  be  well 
received.  As/r<?/.,  4.  towards.  5.  An- 
dare  — ,  to  meet  with.  6.  All'  —  di,  or 


simple  word. 

—  a,  opposite.     7.  against ;  All'  — ,  on 
the  contrary. 

Incontroverso  j  undisputed. 
Incontrovcrtibil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

Inconven^vole ;  unbecoming. 

Inconvenien-te ;  as  E.  Also  as  sb.  Aff. 
-temente,  -za. 

Inconvertibil-e;  as  E.     AJ).  -iti. 
Inconvincibile  ;  impossible  to  convince. 

Incoraggi-are  ind.  -o,  or  -re  ind. 
-sco ;  to  encourage.  Aff.  -amento, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -mdnto. 

Incorare  zW.  incbro;  i.q.  Incuorare, 
to  encourage. 

Incord-are  ind.  incordo;  i.  to  put 
strings,  e.g.  to  a  violin.  2.  to  wind  up 
(a  clock).  3.  -arsi,  to  get  a  stiff  neck. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura,  -azione. 

Incorn-are  ind.  incorno;  i.  to  give 
a  pair  of  horns  to,  seduce  the  wife  of. 
2.  -arsi,  to  be  obstinate.  Aff.  -azione. 

Incornatura/ ;  i.  disposition.  2.  ob- 
stinacy. 

Incomici-are  ind.  incorm'cio ;  to 
frame.  Aff.  -atura. 

Incoron-are  ind.  incorono ;  i.  to 
crown.  2.  to  ring-bark  (a  tree).  3.  =  In- 
cornare  (i).  4.  L'  -ata,  the  Madonna 
(crowned).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azione. 

Incorpor-are  ind.  incurporo;  i.  to  incorporate. 
2.  of  a  stuff,  to  absorb  (dye).  3.  (sckerz.)  to  swallow. 
4.  to  annex.  Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -azione. 

Incorpore-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Inc6rporo  in.'t  annexation. 

Incbrre ;  =  Incogliere. 

Incorreggibil-e ;  incorrigible.  Aff. 
-ita,  -me'nte. 

Incorrentare  ind.  incorrento;  to  fix 
battens  on,  v.  Corrente  (2). 

Incorrent-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
as  stiff  as  a  board. 

Inc6rrere/<?r/I  incorsi,/><zr/.  incorso; 

1.  to  fall  (into  some  trouble  or  difficulty). 

2.  tr.  to  incur. 

Tncorrett-o;  incorrect.     Aff.  -amente. 
Incorrott-o;  uncorrupted.     Aff.  -amente. 
Incorruttibil-e ;      incorruptible.      Aff.     -ila, 
-mente. 

Incorsat6io  m. ;  slitting-plane. 
maschio,   tongue-plane.        -   femmina, 
grooving-plane,  plough. 

Incorso:  part.  Incorrere. 

Incortinare  ind.  incortfno ;  to  supply 
with  curtains. 

Incostan-te  ;  inconstant.  Aff.  -te- 
m^nte,  -za. 

Incostituzional-e ;  unconstitutional.  Aff. 
-mente. 

•Incoticare;  to  make  like  pigskin. 
*Incotticciarst ;  =  Lordarsi,   to    make    oneself 
dirty. 

Inc6tto;  i.  part.  Incocere.     2.  as  sb.,  mark  of 
scorching  on  the  legs  from  carrying  a  warming-pan 
under  the  clothes,  also  termed  Vacche. 
*  Incoturnito ;  buskined. 

Incrassante ;  blood-strengthening  (pill). 
t Incraticchiare;=  Incatricchiare,  to  tangle. 

Increanza/. ;  bad  manners. 

Increato;  uncreate,  eternal. 
Incredibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Increditare;  =  Accrediure,  to  accredit. 
Incredul-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 
Increm^nto  m.\  as  E. 


INCREPARE—  INDIGETE 


•  Increpare  ;  to  find  fault  with. 

*  Increpore  m. ;  anger. 

Incre'scere ;    =  Rincrescere,   to    be 
wearisome.     *to  pity.     A  cui  di  me  per 


caritate  increbbe,  who  out  of  his  charity 
pitied  me.-    D.  Purg.  13.  129. 

Incresc-6vole  or  -i6so;  wearisome. 

Incresp-are  ind.  incrdspo ;  i.  to 
wrinkle.  2.  to  curl  (hair),  make  it 
wavy.  3.  to  form  folds  in  clothes.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atura. 

Incretare  ind.  increto ;  to  smear 
with  clay. 

Incretin-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
an  idiot. 

Incrimin-abile  ;  (a  word  with  two  opposite 
meanings,  see  note  under  In)  i.  (verbal  adj.  of  -are 
where  the  in-  is  prepositional)  liable  to  prosecution. 
2.  (<Criminare,  with  negative  prefix)  not  liable  to 
prosecution. 

Incrimin-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -azione. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  -word. 
Incuran-te  ;  indifferent.     Aff.  -za. 
Incuria  f.  ;  heedless  indifference. 

lucurios-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become, 
or  make,  curious. 

Incuri6s-o  ;  uninterested.    Aff.  -ita. 

Incursi6ne  f.\  as  E. 
Incurvabile;  impossible  to  bend. 

Incurv-are  ;  to  bend.  Aff.  -amdnto, 


Iiulenn-ita  f. ; 
for  expenses. 

Indennizz-are ;  lo  indemnify. 


indemnity.      2.    allowance 


crack  (lit.  make  a 
<  L.   criiu-s).      Aff. 


Incrin-are ;  to 
mark  like  a  hair, 
-atura,  flaw. 

Incrisalidarsi ;  to  become  a  chry- 
salis. 

Incriticabile  ;  not  open  to  criticism. 

Incroci-are  ind.  incrrkio ;  I.  tocros.-'. 
2.  to  cruise.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore  cruiser, 
-atura  i.  crossing.  2.  crossing-place. 

Incrocicchi-are ;  to  cross  (small  ob- 
jects, e.g.  ringers).  Aff.  -amdnto. 

•Incroiare;  to  wrinkle,  v.  Croio. 

Incrollabile ;  unshakable. 

•Incronic-are;  i.  to  chronicle,  ii.  -arsi,  to 
meddle  in. 

Incrost-are  ind.  incrostoj  to  in- 
crust.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura,  -azione. 

*Incrucciato;  =  Crucciato,  angry. 

Incrudel-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be  cruel. 
Aff.  -imento. 

Incrud-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be,  or  m;ike 
hard,  harsh.     Aff.  -imdnto,  -itamdnte. 
Incrufcnto;  bloodless. 

*  I ncrunare  ;  to  thread. 

Incrusc-are;  i.  to  cover  with  chaff 
or  bran.  2.  to  lay  in  bran.  3.  -arsi, 
to  use  stilted  language,  v.  Crusca  (5). 

Incub-aziine/:,  -o  «/.;  as  E. 

Inciidine  or  (poet.)  Incude  /  ;  i.q. 
Ancudine,  anvil. 

Incudin-611a  or  -e'tta  / ;  (mar.} 
bickern,  an  iron  wedge  used  for  cutting 
nails  found  in  the  joints  when  caulking. 

Inculc-are  (L.,</«,  en/care,  v.  Calcare);  as 
E.  Aff.  -atamente  by  repeated  insistence.  -at<5re 
v/ist. 

Inculto;  v.  Incolto  (B). 

Incumbenza/;  D.  Incombcnza. 

Incunabolo  m.  (^.incunabula,  swad- 
dling clothes,  <  ctina,  cradle,  v.  Culla) ; 
early  edition  of  a  book,  or  engraving. 

Incuneare  (L.  cuneus} ;  to  fix  firmly, 
wedge  in. 

Incu6cere;  v.  Incocere. 
•Incuo-iare,  -rare;  v.  Inco-. 

Incup-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  darken. 
2.  to  deepen. 

Incurabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 


to   become      •»*«»«• 


Incurv-ire  ind.   -isco ; 
bowed. 

Incuspidare  ind.  incuspido;  to  shoe  a  pile. 
Incusso;  part.  Inculere. 
Incustodlto;  unguarded. 

Inciitere  perf.  incussi,  part,  incusso 
(L.,</«-,  quatere,  to  shake);  to  inspire 
(«.jf,  awe). 

Indaco  m.  (L.  indicum,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.} ;  indigo. 

tlndaffarito;  fully  occupied,  busy. 

Indag-are  ind.  indago  (L.,<a  pri- 
mitive preposition  indu-  =  Gr.  Zv8ov 
and  the  stem  of  agere,  to  drive) ;  to  in- 
vestigate. 

Aff.  -Abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azidne,  -inc. 
+  Indago/«.;  contrivance. 

*  Indanaiato  ;  of  Zeus,  in  love  with  Danae  (with 
Tndanaiato,  converted  into  coin), 
ato;    (herald.)   spotted,    dotted    (///. 


Aff.  -o  ib. 

Indent-are  ind.  indento;  i.  to  cut 
one's  teeth.  2.  to  fit,  as  cogs.  3.  to 
make  an  indented  joint,  v.  Immorsare. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Ind<§ntro  adv.  \  within,  inwards. 

Indescrivibil-e;  indescribable.     Aff.  -mente. 
Indetertninabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -mente. 
Indeterminat-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ezza, 


a  play  upon  Indanaiato,  converted  into  coin). 

Indanai 
with  coins). 


Indarno ; 


Etym.     Cogn.   old 
known  origin. 


in  vain. 

Fr.    endar 


enttart,    of  un- 


Indebitame'nte ;  i.  unduly.  2.  im- 
properly. 

Indebit-arsi  or  -irsi;  to  get  into 
debt. 

Inde'bito;  i.  undeserved.  2.  impro- 
per, undue. 

Indebol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  weaken. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Indec6n-te;  as  E.    Aff.  -temente,  -za. 
Indecifr-abile,  -ato;  as  E. 
Indecis-iane/;  as  E.     Aff.  -o,  undecided. 
Indeclinabil-e;   i.   as  E.     2.    to  be  observed 
in  full  integrity.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Indecomponlblle  ;  impossible  to  decompose 
Indecor6s-o  ;  as  K.     Aff.  -amente. 
*  Indefensibilmente ;  irresistibly. 

Indefess-0  (L.,fessus,  part,  oifatisci, 
to  be  split  open,  hence  fig.,  to  faint,  root 
ghe,  to  split,  v.  Fame) ;  untiring.  Aff. 
-ame"nte. 


indefectible.      Aff. 


Indefettibil-e ; 
-ita,  -mdnte. 

Indeficien-te;  never-failing.     Aff.  -za. 

Indefinibil-e;  i.  as  E.     2.  sphinx-like.    Aff. 
•mente. 

Indcfinit-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ezza. 
Mndegnare;  i.  =  Indignare.     ii.  to  irritate  (e.g. 
a  nerve). 

Indegn-o;    unworthy,    unbecoming.      *i.    in- 
jurious,    ii.    indignant.     Aff.  -amente,  .ita. 

Indeiscente;  indehiscent  (fruit),  not  self-open- 
ing. 

Indel6bil-e;  indelible.     Aff.  -mente. 

Indeliber-ato;  not  carefully  con>idered.     Aff. 
-atame'me.  -azione. 

Indelicat-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -tea. 

Indemaniare ;   to  hand  (property) 
over  to  the  State. 

Indemoniarsi  ind.   m'  indemonio ; 
to  behave  like  one  possessed. 

Indenne  (L.,<z'«-,  damnum,  v.  Dan- 
no);  undamaged. 


(Indivoto)  ;     irreligious. 


Indett-are  ind.  inddtto  ;  to  "coach," 
v.  Imbeccare.  Aff.  -atura. 

Indev6-to 

Aff.  -zione. 

Indi  (L.  indu) ;  i.  thence.  2.  there- 
after. 

India;  i.  Canna  d'  — ,  bamboo 
cane.  2.  Castagnod' — ,  horse-chestnut. 
3.  Noce  d'  — ,  cocoa-nut.  4.  Polio  d'  — , 
turkey.  5.  Porcellino  d'  — ,  guinea-pig. 
6.  Fico  d'  — ,  banyan-tree.  7.  Croco 
delle  -e,  turmeric.  8.  Uomo,  or  Omin 
d'  — ,  very  short  man.  9.  Le  -e, //.  for 
abundance  of  something  ;  Una  specie 
d'  — ,  i.e.  a  mine  of  wealth;  L'  ulivo  in 
Toscana  e  una  piccola  — ,  the  olive  in 
Tuscany  is  a  veritable  little  mine  of 
wealth. 

Indiana/ ;  cotton  print. 

Indianista  >n. ;  one  versed  in  Indian 
languages. 

Indiano ;  as  E.  Far  1"  — ;  to  pre- 
tend ignorance. 

*  Indiarsi ;  to  sink  oneself  in  God,  D.  Par.  4.  28. 

Indiascolare ;  euph.  for  Indiavolare. 

Indiavol-are  ind.  indidvolo ;  i.  to 
make  a  fiendish  disturbance.  2.  Lavoro 
-ato,  very  difficult  work.  3.  Fatica  -ata, 
very  hard  work.  4.  (Uomo)  -ato,  in  a 
furious  rage. 

Mndiazioney:;  deification. 

Indie-are  im/.  indico,  -hi  (L.,  </'«,  -f  dicare, 
to  declare,  akin  to  dicere,  v.  Dire);  as  E.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ativo,  -atore  i.  time-table,  2.  gauge,  -atrice, 
-azi<5ne. 

Indice  m.  (L.  index,  v.  Indicare);  i.  index, 
table.  2.  pointer. 

•Indicere  ferf.  indissi,  part,  inditto  (L.);  to 
announce. 

Indicfbil-e ;  beyond  description.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Indietreggiare  ind.  indietrdggio;  to 
lose  ground. 

Indietro ;  i.  backwards.  2.  Essere 
— ,  to  be  in  arrears. 

Indifen-dibile  or  -sibile;  as  E. 

Indife'so  ;  undefended. 

IndirTeren-te;  as  E.  Aff.  -temente,  -tismo, 
-tone,  -tona  one  who  cares  for  nothing,  -za. 

Indifferfbile ;  impossible  to  post- 
pone. 

Indigen-o;  indigenous,  -ato  /«.;  rights  of  a 
native. 

Indigen-te  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Indigent);  as  E. 
Aff.  -za. 

Indigeribil-e;  indigestion.     Aff.  -ita. 

Indigestamente  ;  without  proper  digestion. 

Indigesti6n-e  /.;  as  E.  Aff.  -accia  pcgg., 
-cMla  dim. 

Indigesto ;  i.  indigestible.     2.  undigested. 

I  ndigete  m. ;  national  hero  or  demi-god. 

Etym.     L.  imltges,  fl.  indigtlts,<<A&  L.  itulu. 


312 


=  Gr.  evSov,  within,  and  -aget,  a  Latin_  root  seen  in 
aio,  for  agio,  I  say,  v.  Adagio,  Prodigio.  Cf.  L. 
indigetare,  to  pray  to  the  national  god. 

Indign-are  (L.  indignari,  the  oppo- 
site of  dignari,  to  esteem,  v.  Degnare") ; 
to  rouse  into  indignation.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Indigbtico  m. ;  indigo  blue. 

Indigrbsso;  =Alla  grossa,  broadly 
speaking. 

Indilatam6nte ;  without  delay. 

*  Indileguabile  ;  impossible  to  disperse. 
Indimenticabile;  never  to  be  forgotten. 
Indimostr-ato;  unproved.   Aff.  -abile,  -abihta. 
Indipenden-te;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

Indire  (contracted  from  Indicere); 
to  announce. 

Indirett-o  ;  indirect.     Aff.  -amente. 

Indirizz-are  (bit.  ** in-directiare,  < 
L.  directus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dress);  i.  to 
direct,  v.  -o.  2.  to  dedicate,  address  (a 
poem).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

Indirizzo  m. ;  i.  direction,  going  in 
the  right  road ;  La  cosa  piglia  buon  — , 
the  affair  is  going  on  the  right  lines; 
Bisogna  mutare  — ,  we  must  strike  out 
in  a  different  direction.  2.  guiding  rule. 
3.  address,  on  an  envelope.  4.  (com.) 
domicile  of  a  bill,  place  where  it  is  to 
be  paid.  5.  address  (of  a  corporation 
to  a  distinguished  person).  6.  =Direzi- 
one,  management. 

Indiscernibile;  indistinguishable. 
Indisciplinabil-e;   impossible  to  train.    Aff. 

'''indisciplinat-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ezza. 

Indiscre-tp;  as  E.  Aff.  -tamente,  -tezza, 
-tuccio  tiiin. ,  -zione. 

Indiscusso;  undiscussed. 
Indiscutibile  ;  not  needing  to  be  discussed. 
*  Indisia  f. ;  =  Endisia. 
*Indisiare;  to  inspire  with  desire. 
Indispensabil-e ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  .mente. 

Indispett-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make, 
or  become  angry. 

Indispirre.  for  cmjttg .  v.  Porre  ;  to  indispose. 
Indisposizidn-e/:;  as  E.     Aff.  -cella  dim. 
Indisput-abile;  as  E.    Aff.  -abilmente,  -ato. 
Indissipabile;  impossible  to  dissipate. 
Indissolubil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  .mente. 

Indistaccabil-e ;  inseparable.  Aff. 
-me"nte. 

Indistinguibil-e ;      indistinguishable.       Aff. 

Indistin-to;  indistinct.     Aff.  .tamente. 

Indistruttibil-e;  indestructible.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente. 

Inditto;  part,  Indire. 

Indivia  (Endivia)/.  (**!»/#/<!,<  L.  intibus, 
=  Gr.  «-TV0ov);  (tot.)  endive,  Cichorium  endivia. 

Individual-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ismo,  -ita. 

Individu-are;  i.  to  characterise.  2.  to  specify 
accurately.  Aff.  -azione. 

Individuo;    indivisible.     As  sb.,  (fa-m.)  indi- 
vidual self.     Patisce  1'  — .  i.e.   I  am  hungry. 
•Indivinare;  i.   to  deify.     ii.  =  Indovmare. 


INDIGNARE— INDURARE 

For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

stantine  for  fiscal  purposes.  It  started 
A.D.  312  and  was  often  used  in  the 
Middle  Ages  as  a  means  of  marking 
dates. 


simple  word. 

-ata,    succeeded    very    well    with    the 

statue. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -attfre,  -atrice,  -azione. 


Indivisam^nte ;  without  distinction. 

*Indivisare;  to  specify,  to  describe. 
Indivis-ibile;  as  E.    Aff.  -ibilmente. 

Indivbto  ;  =  Indevoto,  irreligious. 

Indizi-are ;  (leg-}  to  point  to,  to 
cause  to  be  suspected.  Aff.  -ario,  rest- 
ing on  suspicion  or  inference. 

Indizio  m.  (L.  indicium,  v.  Indicare); 
i.  indication,  sign.  2.  (leg.)  suspicious 
circumstance,  circumstantial  evidence. 

Indizi6ne/  (L.  indictio);  indiction, 
a  fifteen  years'  cycle,  introduced  by  Con- 


*i.  =  Indizio,    ii.  announcement,  e.g.  of  a  Council 
to  be  held. 

Ind6cil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

Indocil-ire  ind.  -isco  (in-  being  here 
an  intensive  prefix,  see  the  note  under 
In);  i.  to  train,  render  docile.  2.  to 
soften,  e.g.  leather. 

Indoganare  ind.  indogano ;  to  enter 
at  the  custom-house. 

*Indogato;  =  Addogato,  striped,  v.  DogA. 

*  Indogliare  ;  =  Addpgliare,  to  grieve. 
*Indoglire  ;=  Indolire,  to  ache. 

*  Indolcare;  =  Ammorbidire,  to  soften. 

Indolc-ire  (Indolciare)  ind.  -isco; 
i.  to  sweeten.  2.  of  the  weather,  to 
clear  up. 

Indole  /  (L.,  <  old  L.  indu,  =  Gr. 
Zv&ov,  and  the  L.  root  ol  or  al,  to  grow, 
v.  Adolescente) ;  character. 

Indolen-te  (I'M-,  negative  prefix,  and  L.  dolere, 
to  feel  pain);  i.  painless  (tumour).  2.  indolent,  lit. 
not  troubling.  Aff.  -tementc,  -tone  nugm.,  -za. 

Indolenz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  indo- 
lente)  ;  to  make,  or  become,  numb, 
stiff,  or  sore.  Mi  s'  e  -ito  il  collo,  I 
have  got  a  stiff  neck.  Ho  un  braccio 
-ito,  one  of  my  arms  is  numbed.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Indol-irsi  (a  secondary  form  of  In- 
dolenzirsi) ;  to  feel  some  slight  pain  or 
stiffness.  Sentirsi  -ito,  to  have  a  general 
feeling  of  malaise.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Indomabil-e;  i.  untamable.  2.  in- 
domitable. Aff.  -me"nte. 

Indomani  m. ;  the  following  day. 

Ind6mito  or  Indomato;  unsubdued. 

*  Indonnarsi ;  i.  to  become  master,   ii.  to  become 
a  woman. 

•Indonn-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  grow  up  to  woman- 
hood. 

*  Indoparsi  (It.  dopo);  to  take  second  place. 

Indor-are  ind.  indoro;  i.  to  gild. 
2.  (cook.)  to  dip  something  into  beaten- 
up  yolk  of  egg  prior  to  frying  it.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atore,  -atura. 

*  Indorment-ire  ind.  -isco;=Intormentire. 
*Indorm-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  put,  or  be  put,  to 

shame,  lit.  to  sleep,     ii.  =  Intormentire,  to  benumb. 

Indossare  ind.  indosso ;  to  put  on 
(clothes). 

Indossata/. ;  trying  on  (clothes). 

Indbsso  adv. ;  i.  upon  one's  back, 
•v.  Dosso.  2.  about  one,  in  a  general 
sense,  esp.  fig.,  as  anxieties. 

Indostano  /«. ;  Hindostanee. 
MndottayC;  prompting,  v.  Indurre. 
*Indottare;  =  Temere,  Dubitare. 

*  Indottato ;  i.q.  Dottato,  an  early  variety  of  fig. 

Ind6tt-o;  i.  unlearned.  2.  part,  of 
Indurre.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

•Indovarsi  (It.  in,  dove);  to  find  its  place,  D. 
Par.  33.  138. 

Indovinalagrillo ;  v.  Grillo  (8). 

Indovin-are  (Indivinare)  ind.  in- 
dovfno ;  i.  to  foretell,  divine.  2.  to 
guess.  3.  -aria,  to  succeed ;  Non -arne 
una,  not  to  get  a  single  thing  right ;  II 
Cambi  con  la  statua  del  Goldoni  1'  ha 


Indovinello  m.  •  riddle. 
Indovino  m. ;  soothsayer. 
Indovut-o;  =Indebito,  undue. 


Aff. 


-amente. 

•Indozzare  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dizzy, 
Doze);  of  animals  and  plants,  to  become  sickly. 

•Indracare  (Indragare);  to  be  as  fierce  as  a 
dragon,  D.  Par.  16.  115. 

Indrappare  ;  to  weave  into  cloth. 

*Ind-reto,  -rieto;  v.  Indietro. 
•Indrizzare;  v.  Indirizzare. 

*  Induare  ;  to  make  into  two. 
*Indrudire;  =  Ismiire,  to  teach. 

Indubbi-o;  undoubted.     Aff.  -amente. 
Indubitabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Indubitat-o;  undoubted.     Aff.  -amente. 

*  Induere  (L.);  to  put  on  (clothes). 

Indugi-are ;  to  delay.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Indtigio  (Induscio)  m.  (A)  (L.  in- 
ttutiae,  trnce,<a. part.  **indutus,  not  at 
war,  <  the  stem  du-  of  duellum  — helium, 
v.  Bellicose);  delay. 

(B)  (L.  indusium,  a  woman's  under- 
garment, <induo,  to  put  on  a  dress,  -v. 
Esuviabile) ;  gown,  but  obsolete,  except 
I.  in  the  phrase,  Verd'  — ,  Vestito  di 
verd'  — ,  with  a  play  upon  Indugio  (A) ; 
Ministro  che  fa  alia  Camera  un  bel 
vestito  di  verd'  — ,  a  minister  who  is 
causing  delay  in  the  House  so  as  to 
gain  time.  2.  as  adj.  Un  cappello 
verde  — ,  a  hat  of  a  dirty  green  colour. 

Indulgente;  as  E. 

Indulg6nza/  (L.,<indulgeo,  to  in- 
dulge, a  word  which  appears  to  go  back 
to  the  same  root  as  loiigus,  so  that  the 
primitive  sense  should  be  that  of  pro- 
longing, cp.  Gr.  SoAixdr,  long,  eVSfXfx1)1) 
ceaseless,  v.  Lungo) ;  i.  indulgence, 
goodnatured  attitude  of  mind,  kindly 
disposition.  2.  (eccl.)  indulgence,  re- 
mission to  a  repentant  sinner  of  the 
temporal  punishment  which  remains 
due  after  the  sin  and  its  eternal  punish- 
ment have  been  remitted  ;  Pigliar  or 
Acguistare  1'  — ,  to  win  it  by  the  pre- 
scribed religious  exercises ;  hence  (Jam.) 
to  do  what  all  do ;  Se  non  1'  assaggiava 
non  ci  prendeva  1'  — ,  if  he  had  never 
tried  it  he  would  not  have  got  into  the 
habit  of  it. 

Indulgere  ind.  indulge  -gi,  perf.  in- 
dulsi,/<zr/.  indulto  (L.,  v.  Indulgenza); 
(poet.)  i.  to  pardon,  excuse.  2.^  to 
bestow ;  La  virtu  che  lo  sguardo  m'  in- 
dulse,  the  power  which  the  look  (of 
Beatrice)  bestowed  upon  me.  D.  Par. 
27.  97. 

*  Indultare ;  to  grant  a  free  pardon. 

Indulto  m. ;  i.  free  pardon.  2.  (eccl.) 
dispensation.  3.  zspart.v.  Indulgere. 

Indum&lto  m.  (L.,  v.  Esuviabile) ; 
vestment. 

Indurabile ;  with  a  tendency  to 
harden. 

Indur-are ;  to  harden.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


INDURIRE— INFESTARE 


3'3 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Indur-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  harden.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Indurre  ind.  induce  -c\,perf.  indussi, 
fut.  indurro,  part,  indotto  (L.  inducere, 
v.  Duca);  i.  to  induce.  2.  to  infer. 

*i.  to  adduce,     ii.  to  introduce. 
*Induscio  ;«.;  v.  Indugio. 
Industre  ;=  Industrioso. 

Indiistri-a/;  i.  as  E.  2.  Cavalier 
d'  — ,  =Fr.  chevalier  d'industrie,  pro- 
fessional thief,  posing  as  a  gentleman. 
3.  artifice,  in  bad  sense.  4.  practice  of 
the  moral  virtues.  Aff.  -ale,  -ante 
workman,  -arsi  to  work  hard,  -osam^nte, 
-6so. 

Etym.  L.,<tniiustrius.  " Indttstrium  antiqui 
dicebant  indostrvum,  quasi  qui  quidquid  ageret, 
intro  str-ueret  et  student  doitti"  (Paulus  Festus), 
i.e.  the  old  form  of  the  word  was  int{ostrunm,  since 
whatever  a  man  might  be  doing  he  had  to  build  it 
up  within  and  work  at  it  at  home;  indicating  a  deri- 
vation which  Walde  sees  no  difficulty  in  accepting, 
viz.  <old  L.  ittdu,  and  struo,  v.  Istromento. 

Indiittile ;  not  ductile. 

Induttiv-o ;  inductive.  Aff.  -amente, 
Induzione. 

Inebriare  ind.  inebrio;  to  intoxi- 
cate. 

Ineccezionabile ;  unexceptionable. 

Ineccitabile ;  not  excitable. 

Inddia/  (L.,  </'»-,  edere,  to  eat); 
i.  fasting.  2.  boredom. 

Inedito  ;  i.  unpublished.  2.  un- 
described  (species). 

Ineduc-ato  ;  uneducated.    Aff.  -abile. 
Ineffabil-e;  as  K.     Aff.  -ilk,  -mente. 
Ineffettuabile;  impossible  to  carry  out. 
Ineffic-ace;  as  E.    Aff.  -acemente,  -acia. 

Inegual-e  or  Inugual-e  ;  unequal. 
Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte,  Ineguaglianza  or  Inu- 
guaglidzza. 

Inelegan-te:  as  E.     Ajf.  -temente,  -za. 
Ineleggibil-e  or  Ineligibile  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 
Ineloquent-e;  without  eloquence.  Aff.  -emente. 

Ineluttabil-e  (L.  in-,  e-,  luctnri,  to 
struggle,  11.  Lotta) ;  inevitable.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Inemendabil-e  ;  impossible  to  cor- 
rect. Aff.  -mdnte. 

Inemendato ;  not  corrected. 

Inenarrabil-e ;  impossible  to  tell  of.  Aff. 
-mente. 

Inerent-e  (L.);  inherent.     Aff.  -emente,  -za. 

Inerme  (L., </'«-,  anna);  i.  un- 
armed. 2.  (hot.)  thornless. 

Inerpic-are  ind.  indrpico  (Inarpic- 
are)  or  -arsi ;  to  clamber  up,  v.  Arpicare. 

Inerte  (L.  iners,<in-t  ars)\  as  E. 
Inerudit-o;  untaught,  unlearned.  Aff.  -amente. 
Inerzia/.;  inertia. 

Inesatt-o  ;  inexact.  Aff.  -amente, 
-ezza. 

Inesaud-fbile ;  not  to  be  heard. 
Aff.  -ito,  unheard. 

Inesaurlbil-e  ;  inexhaustible.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Inesausto;  unexhausted. 

Inescare  ind.  incsco ;  i.  to  bait.  2.  to 
prime  (a  firelock  gun). 

Incsco   m.  ',   priming.      -  elettrico, 
electric  fuze. 
H. 


Inescogitabile ;  unimaginable. 
Inescusabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -mente. 

Inesegu-fbile ;  impossible  to  carry 
out.  Aff.  -ito. 

Inesercit-abile ;  not  to  be  practised. 
Aff.  -ato. 

Inesiglbil-e ;  (debt)  not  to  be  called 
in.  Aff.  -ita. 

Inesisten-te;  non-existent.     Aff.  -73. 

Inesorabil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Inesperienza_/;  inexperience. 

Inespfert-o;  inexperienced.     Aff.  -amenle. 

Inespi-abile  ;  inexpiable.  Aff.  -abilmente, 
-ato. 

*Inesplebile  (L.  inexplebilis);  insatiable. 

Inesplicabil-e ;  inexplicable.     Aff.  -mente. 

Inespior-abile;  inexplorable.  Aff.  -abilmente, 
•ato. 

Inesprimibile ;  inexpressible. 

Inespugnabil-e  ;  impregnable.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente. 

Inespugnato;  untaken. 

*  Inessiccabile;  inexhaustible  (spring). 
Inesteso  ;  without  any  length  or  breadth. 
Inestimabil-e  (L.  inextimabitis')\  as  E.     Aff. 

-mente. 

Inestinguibil-e;  inextinguishable.  Aff.. mente. 

Inestirpabile  ;  ineradicable. 

Inestricabil-e  (L.,  v.  Strigare);  as  E.  Aff. 
-mente. 

Inltt-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Inept, 
Apt);  i.  inept.  2.  inapt.  Aff.  -amdnte, 
-dzza,  -itudine. 

Inevaso ;  not  completed. 
Inevitabil-e ;  as  E.    Aff.  -mdnte. 

Inezi-a  f. ;  ineptitude,  v.  Inetto. 
Aff.  -olo,  -uccia  dims. 

Infac6nd-o ;  not  eloquent.    Aff.  -ia. 

•Infagonato;  ;>.  Infaonato. 

Infagottare  ind.  infagotto ;  to  pack 
up  into  an  untidy  bundle. 

*  Infaldare  ;  to  provide  with  pleats,  v.  Falda. 

Infallantem<Snte ;  without  fail. 

Infallibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

*  Infalotichire  ;  to  become  queer-tempered. 
1 1 nfalzatura  f. ;  =  Addoppiatura,  fold. 

Infam-are;  i.  to  render  infamous. 
2.  to  defame,  slander.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atorio. 

Infam-e(L.,  v.  Fama);  infamous.  *4^-emente, 
-ia,  -ita  depth  of  infamy,  -ona  -one  aitgms. 

Infanatich-ire  inti.  -isco  ;  to  become  fanatical. 
*Infando;  unspeakable. 

Infangare  ;  to  cover  with  mud. 
Infantare  (Fr.  enfanter) ;  to  bear  a 
child. 

Infante  /«.;  as  E. 

Infanteria/.;  pop.  for  Fanteria,  infantry. 
Infanticid-a  m.  or^/C,  with  pi.  m.  -i,  pi.  f,  -e; 
child-murderer,  -io  m.  child-murder. 

Infan-tile;  as  K.     Aff.  -tilemdnte,  Infanzia. 

*  Infaonato  (Infagonato)  (flrob.  a  corr*  of  It. 
paonazzo,  pagonazzo);    livid  purple. 

Infarc-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  stuff.  Aff. 
-iinento. 

*Infard-are ;  i.=  Imbrattare,  to  soil.  As  reft. 
•arsi  ii,  to  paint  one's  face.  in.  =  Impareutarsi,  to 
form  relationships. 

*Infardellare  ;  — Affardellare,  to  pack  up. 

*  I nfarfallire ;  to  become  a  butterfly. 
Infarinacchiato  ;  with  a  smattering  of  science. 

Infarin-are  ind.  infarfno ;  i.  to 
sprinkle  with  flour.  2.  fig.  to  teach 
superficially ;  Giovani  -ati  di  tutto  che 
poi  non  sanno  nulla  di  nulla,  young 
people  taught  a  smattering  of  every- 
thing who  later  on  know  nothing  at  all. 
Aff.  -atura. 


Infasciare  ;  (mar.)  i.q.  Fasciare,  to 
"  serve  "  a  rope. 

Infastid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  annoy,  to 
bore,  to  disgust.  Aff.  -ime"nto. 

Infaticabil-e ;  never  tiring.  Aff. 
-ita,  -mdnte. 

Infatti;  indeed. 

Infatu-are;  as  E.  Lo  infatuarono  col  pro- 
mettergli  mari  e  monti,  he  became  infatuated  with 
their  boundless  promises.  Aff.  -azione. 

Infaust-o ;  inauspicious.  Aff.  -a- 
mente. 

*  Infazadare ;  metathesis  of  Inzafardare. 

*  Infecciarc  ;  to  pollute,  lit.  with  dregs  of  wine. 
Infec6nd-o;  barren.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
Infedel-e;  faithless.     Aff.  -mente,  -ta. 

Infederare  ind.  infedero;  to  put  in 
a  pillow-case. 

Infelic-e;  unhappy.     Aff.  -em^nte,  -ita. 

Infellon-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
cruel  or  bad. 

*  Infelpato  ;  covered  with  plush. 

Infeltr-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  get  hard, 
///.  become  felt. 

Infemmin-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  effeminate. 
*Infenso    (L.,  <  in-,    **fenderet   to   strike,   v. 
Skeat,  sitt>  Defend);  hostile. 
Inferenza/I;  as  E. 

Inferie_/C  pi.  (L.,  <.i'ft/erus)  v.  Inferno);  sacri- 
fices for  the  dead. 

*Inferigno;    i.    Pane  — ,  brown  bread,     ii.    as 
sb.,  a  nickname  for  a  member  of  the  Crusca. 

*  Inferignoso ;  feeder  on  brown  bread. 
Inferi6r-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Infer-ire  ind.  -isco  (L,.  inferre)\    i.    to  infer. 

2.  (leg.)  to  produce  (injury).  3.  (mar.)  to  bend  (a 
sail)  to  a  yard. 

Infentore  in.  \  (mar.)  i.  head-earing  of  a  sail, 
v,  Borosa.  2.  —  di  un  pennone,  jack-stay  of  a 
yard. 

Inferitura  f. ;  earing,  either  of  the  upper 
corners  of  a  square  sail. 

Inferm-are  ind.  infe*rmo ;  i.  to 
weaken.  2.  intr.  to  grow  weak.  3.  to 
nullify  (a  law),  -azione  /,  v.  -are  (3). 
-erla  f. ;  infirmary,  hospital,  -iccio  ; 
dim.  of  -o.  -i^ray; ;  nurse  in  a  hospital, 
-iere  m. ;  I.  superintendent  of  a  hos- 
pital. 2.  male  nurse,  -ita  /. ;  as  E. 
-0 ;  sick,  weak,  infirm. 

Infernal-e ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Pietra  — ,  caustic. 
Aff.  -mente. 

Inferno  in.  (L.,  v.  Infra);  i.  hell.  2.  a  sort  of 
well  under  an  oil-press  where  the  refuse  of  the  olives 
is  collected,  from  which  some  oil  is  obtainable,  termed 
Olio  d'  — .  3.  \r\pl.,  similar  wells  in  a  salt-works. 

Inferoc-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or  become, 
ferocious. 

Inferraiolarsi  ind.  mj  inferraiolo ;  to 
wrap  oneself  up,  v.  Ferraiolo. 

Infer riata  f. ;  iron  bars  over  a  win- 
dow. —  inginocchiata,  a  grating  curved 
outwards  at  its  lower  part. 

Inferriataccia  /  ;  old  broken 
grating. 

*Inferrucciare  ;  to  cover  with  iron  scales. 

*  Inferta./;  sync,  for  Infermita. 
Infertil-ire  or  ArTertil-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  fer- 
tilise. 

Infertilita/;  want  of  fertility. 
Infervor-are  or  -ire  ind.  infervoro;  to  fill  with 
fervour. 

*Inferzato;  forked  like  a  cat-o'-nine-tails. 
Infest-amente;  v.  -o. 

Infest-are  ind.  infesto  (L.) ;  i.  to 
ravage,  as  locusts;  to  infest,  as  rats. 
2.  Jig.  to  ruin  morally.  Aff.  -ame*nto, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

40 


3*4 


INFESTO— INFORMICOLARE 


Infesto  (L.) ;  obnoxious,  hostile,  in- 
jurious, ruinous. 

*  Infestuto  m.\  (vet.)  some  distemper  in  horses. 

Infett-are  ind.  infetto  (L.,  11.  Skeat,  sub  voc.); 
to  infect.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -ivo,  -o  sync, 
fart. 

Infeud-are  ind.  infeudo;  i.  property, 
to  enfeoff  in  the  feudal  sense,  hence 
2.  to  subordinate;  Ha  -ato  alia  Prussia 
tutti  gli  Stati  tninori,  (the  Kaiser)  has 
attached  all  the  minor  states  to  the  lead 
of  Prussia ;  Si  e  -ato  tutti  gli  Stati 
minori,  he  has  attached  all  the  minor 
states  to  himself.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -azione. 

Infezidneyi ;  infection. 

Infiacch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  enervate. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Infiammabil-e  ;  inflammable.    Aff.  -ita. 

Infiamm-are;  i.  to  set  on  fire.  2.  Jig.  to 
fire,  3.  (med.)  to  inflame.  Aff.  -atorio,  .azionaccia 
flegg.,  -azione,  -azioncella  -azionuccia  dims. 

Infianc-are ;  i.  to  sting,  utter  an 
unpleasant  truth,  v.  Fiancare  (2,  3). 
2.  =  Sballarne,  to  tell  tall  stories,  ex- 
aggerate; Te  ne  -ano  quante  vogliono, 
they  make  you  believe  whatever  they 
like. 

Infiasc-are  ;  to  bottle  (wine).  Aff. 
-atura. 

Infibulare;  to  inribulate,  lit.  to  padlock,  i.e.  to 
confine  the  sexual  organs  of  an  animal  so  that  they 
cannot  be  used. 

*Inficere;  to  infect. 

Infid-o;  faithless.     Aff.  -amente. 

Infier-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
savage. 

Infievol-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  weaken. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Infigg-ere  ind.  infiggo  -i,  perf.  in- 
fissi,  part,  infisso  or  infitto;  to  fix  in. 

Infigurabile;  impossible  to  imagine. 

Inflla-cappi  or  -guafne  m. ;  i .  bod- 
kin. 2.  ornamental  hair-pin. 

Infil-are;  i.  to  thread  (a  needle). 
2.  to  string  (beads).  3.  to  transfix,  e.g. 
birds  on  a  spit.  4.  in  duelling,  to  run 
a  man  through.  5.  —  una  via,  to  set 
out  resolutely  along  it ;  -6  la  porta  e  se 
n'  ando,  he  went  out  through  the  gate 
and  was  off;  O  che  s'  -a  1'  uscio  in  co- 
desta  maniera  e  s'  entra  dove  non  siamo 
invitati  ?  is  one  to  force  oneself  through 
like  that  and  push  in  where  one  has  not 
been  invited?  6.  to  poke,  e.g.  one's 
finger  into  a  keyhole.  7.  —  il  braccio 
d'  uno,  to  slide  one's  arm  into  his. 
8.  -arsi  un  vestito,  to  slip  it  on.  9.  Non 
ne  —  una,  to  bring  nothing  to  a  suc- 
cessful issue.  10.  £  -ata  male,  they 
have  made  a  bad  start  ;  E  un'  -aria 
male,  it  is  a  bad  kind  of  start ;  Le  chi- 
acchiere  non  s'  -ano,  talking  does  not 
do  any  good.  u.  --la  ruzzola,  la 
trottola,  to  wind  the  string  on  the  top. 
12.  -arle,  Averle  -ate,  an  abbreviation 
for  —  le  pentole,  lit.  to  put  cooking-pots 
on  one's  feet,  to  be  tired  out  from  walk- 
ing. 13.  -arle,  to  be  shivering  with 
cold.  14.  intr.  to  come  in  succession; 
Se  -ano  queste  giornate  piovose,  se 
n'  ha  per  un  pezzo,  with  these  wet  days 
following  one  another  we  are  having 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  In  see  the 

enough  rain  to  last  for  some  time. 
15.  (mar.)  to  enfilade,  pour  in  a  raking 
fire. 


Infil-ata  /;  v.  -are  (3)  and  (15). 
Infil-atura/.;  v.  -are  (i)  to  (3). 
Infiltr-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -amento,  -azione. 
t  Infilzafichi  m.;  smart  boy. 

Infilz-are ;  i.  to  string  together,?/. 
Filza.  2.  to  slide  in,  slip  in.  3.  —  carte 
in  uno  spago,  to  thread  papers  together 
on  string ;  —  carte  in  un  ferro  appun- 
tato,  to  place  them  on  a  file.  4.  —  uno, 
to  run  him  through.  5.  Le  parole  non 
s'  -ano,  words  are  not  deeds,  ///.  do  not 
run  each  other  through  like  duellists. 
6.  Pare  una  madonna,  or  una  mona- 
china,  -ata,  she  looks  very  demure. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Infllzat-a  /  ;  i.  row,  string,  suite. 
2.  Dare  una  — ,  to  make  a  run  seam, 
•v.  Filza  (3).  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Infllz-atura  /  ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  in  a 
library,  unclassified  collection  of  books. 

Infim-o  (L.,  superl.  of  inferus,  v.  In- 
fra) ;  lowest.  Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita. 

*  Infinattantoche  ;  —  Finche,  until. 
Inftne  adv. ;  finally. 

Infinestr-are ;  (bookb.)  to  put  an 
edging  all  round  a  torn  page.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Infingard-accio  pegg.,  -aggine  /, 
-amdnte,  -ia  /,  -ire  ind.  -isco  to  make 
lazy,  v.  -o. 

Infingardo  (///.  malingerer,  <L.  in-, 
fingere,  to  feign,  with  Germanic  suffix, 
v.  -ardo  supra,  in  loco) ;  lazy,  slack. 

*  simulated. 

Infingersi  ind.  m'  infingo,  perf. 
m'  infinsi,  part,  infinto ;  to  pretend. 
Non  mi  venir  infinto,  do  not  come  try- 
ing to  humbug  me. 

Infinit-o ;  as  E.  Aff.  -a,  -amente,  -esimale, 
-esimo,  -ivo. 

Infino  ;  intcns.  Fino,  until. 

Infinocchi-are  ind.  infinocchio  ;  to 
take  in,  to  fool.  Aff.  -atura. 

Etym.      Perhaps  <  It.    finocchio,    fennel;    the 


literal  meaning  01  innnocumare  10  oespniiKie  wim 
fennel  seeds,"  but  no  instance  of  this  is  quoted,  and 
it  may  have  been  invented  from  the  obvious  resem- 
blance of  the  word  to  Finocchio.  Alternative  deri- 
vations are  (i)  from  some  lost  bit.  form  based  upon 
Gr.  ^eVof,  quack,  or  ^evaicij,  wig,  (2)  from  It.  fino. 

Infint-0 ;  feigned,  v.  Infingersi.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

Infinzione  /  ;  pretence,  hypocrisy. 

Infioccato ;  adorned  with  tassels  or 
bows. 

Infioch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
hoarse. 

Infiorare  ind.  infioro;  to  strew  with  flowers. 
Infiorazi6ne  f.;    (bat.)  =  Infioritura,    inflores- 
cence. 

Inflorentin-are  or  -ire ;  i.  to  mould 
upon  Florentine  models.  2.  as  re/I.,  to 
become  Florentine. 

Infiorescenza./ ;  (bat.)  inflorescence. 
Infirniare ;  to  invalidate. 


simple  word. 

Infiscal-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  become  a 
Fiscale,  q.v.  (3)  and  (4). 

*  Infiscare ;  — Confiscare. 

Infischiarsi ;  to  be  indifferent  (to). 

*Infisimire;  to  indulge  in  fancies. 

Infisso;  i.  part.  Infiggere.  2.  as 
sb.,  (gram.)  insertion,  epenthesis. 

Infistol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  form  a 
fistula. 

Infitt-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  become  thick. 

*  Infizzare;  =  Infilzare. 
Inflammatdrio;  as  E. 

Inflessibil-e  ;  inflexible.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Inflessi6ne_/;  inflection. 

Inflettere  perf.  inflessi,  part,  in- 
flesso  ;  i.  to  bend.  2.  (gram.)  to  con- 
jugate, decline. 

Infl-iggere  ind.  -iggo  -iggi,  perf. 
inflissi,  part,  inflitto  (L.,  v.  Affliggere); 
to  inflict.  Aff.  -izione. 

Influenz-ay^;  i.  influence.  2.  as  E.  3.  any 
epidemic  outbreak.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Influ-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  influii,/<*r/j.  influente 
influito  ;  to  have  influence. 

Influsso  m.  ;  i.  (astral.)  planetary 
influence.  2.  effect,  e.g.  of  free  insti- 
tutions, after-effect  (of  an  illness). 
*influx. 

*Influvio  m. ;  influx. 

Infoc-are  ind.  infoco ;  to  heat.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atamente. 

*Infoderare  ;  i.  to  sheath,     ii.  to  line. 

Infognarsi  ind.  m'  infogno;  to  plunge 
into  (///.  into  a  sewer). 

*Infogonato;  red-hot. 

fnfola./;  =  Infula. 
t  Infolcarsi;  =  Ingolfarsi. 

Infoll-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make,  or  go, 
mad. 

Infolt-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  grow  thick. 
Infondato;  unfounded. 
In-f6ndere  perf.   -fusi,  part,   -fuso ; 
to  infuse.     *i.  to  steep,     ii.  to  water. 

*Infondibolo  w.;  =  Imbuto,  funnel. 

*  Infondito  ;  (rvr/.)  ill  from  overfeeding. 
*lnforabile;  impossible  to  pierce. 

Inforc-are  ind.  inforco ;  I .  to  take 
up  on  a  pitch-fork.  2.  to  bestride  (a 
horse).  3.  at  chess,  to  fork  (two  pieces). 
4.  intr.  of  a  road,  to  fork.  5.  to  hang. 
Aff.  -ata,  the  quantity  of  herbage  taken 
up,  -atura. 

Inforestier-are,  or  -ire  ind.  -isco ;  to 
become  like  a  foreigner. 

*  Inforfire ;  to  be  eaten  by  earwigs,  Forfecchie. 

Inform-are  ind.  informo ;  i.  to 
govern,  guide.  2.  -arsi,  to  inform  one- 
self. 3.  to  put  into  suitable  form.  4.  to 
inform.  5.  to  place  boots  upon  the  last. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azioncella 
dim. 

Informazi6n-e/ ;v6s6.of-a.re.  Libro 
informazioni,  advice-book. 

Inf6rm-e  ;  shapeless.    Aff.  -emdnte. 

*  Informentare;=Formentare,  to  ferment. 

Informicol-are,  or  -ire  ind.  -isco ;  of 
a  limb  which  has  been  numbed,  to 
tingle.  Aff.  -amento. 


INFORNACIARE— INGATTATOIO 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Infornaci-are  ;  to  put  in  the  kiln. 
Aff.  -ata  charge. 

Infornapane  m.  indecl. ;  baker's 
shovel. 

Inforn-are  ind.  inf6rno  ;  to  put  in 
the  oven.  Aff.  -ata  batch,  -at6re  baker's 
man. 

*  Inforsare  (It.  forsc);  to  put  in  doubt. 

Infort-ire  ind.  -isco ;  of  milk,  to 
turn  sour. 

Infortunio  m. ;  mischance. 

Inforzare  ;  of  wine,  to  turn  sour. 
*to  strengthen. 

Infosc-are  ind.  infoscp ;  i.  to  darken. 
2.  to  perplex.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Infoss-are  ind.  infosso;  i.  to  store 
grain  by  burying  it.  2.  -arsi,  of  the 
skin,  to  form  hollows  from  want  of 
nourishment.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Infra  ;=Fra,  among,  within. 

Infracid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  go  bad, 
decay. 

Infradici-are  ind.  infradicio  infrd- 
dici ;  I.  to  wet.  2.  -arsi,  of  fruit,  to  go 
rotten.  Aff.  -ata,  -ame'nto. 

Infral-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be  or  make 
weak.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Inframme'ttere ;  to  interpose. 

Infrancesare  ind.  infrance"so ;  to 
Gallicise. 

*Infrancesc-are;  i.  =Infrancesare.    ii.  —  uno, 
=  Imbrogliarlo.     iii.  -aria,  to  tell  a  tie. 

Infranciosare  ;  sfreg.  to  use  stupid  Gallicisms. 

*  Infranci-osato,  -osito,  -sato;  infected  with 
syphilis. 

Infrdn-gere  ind.  -go  -gi,"  per/,  -si, 
part,  -to;  i.  to  break.  2.  to  give  a 
hard  knock,  e.g.  to  a  corn  on  one's  toe. 

3.  to    crush    (olives,    usu.   Frangere). 

4.  to  infringe. 

Infrangfbile;  impossible  to  break. 

Infrang-imento  m.  ;  breaking.  Aff.  -itore, 
-itrice. 

Infranto;  fart.  Infrangere. 

Infrantoiata  /.;  the  quantity  of  olives  to  be 
pressed  at  one  time. 

Infrant6io  m. ;  fop.  for  Frantoio,  oil-press. 

Infrapp6rre ;  =  Frapporre,  to  inter- 
pose. 

Infrasc-are ;  i.  to  lay  branches 
upon.  2.  to  set  boughs,  e.g.  for  peas 
to  climb  on.  3.  fig.  to  use  too  much 
ornamentation  in  writing  or  speaking, 
-arsi  4.  to  hide  in  the  bushes.  5.  fig. 
to  get  into  a  tangle  in  discussion.  6.  of 
silkworms,  to  go  up  for  spinning,  v. 
Frasca  (3).  Aff.  -amdnte,  -atura. 

Infrascato  m.  ;  tent  made  of 
boughs. 

Infrascatdre  m. ;  =  Bindolo,  tricks- 
ter. 

'Infrasco  m.;  pea-bough. 

Infrasconare  ind.  infrasctfno;  i.  to 
cover  over  with  boughs.  2.  fig.  to 
overload  with  ornament.  3.  to  layer 
a  branch. 

Infrascritto  ;  i.  undersigned.  2.  following 
(words). 

*  Infratarsi ;  to  become  a  monk. 


Infrat-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  of  silk- 
worms, to  curl  up  and  shrivel  without 
forming  cocoons,  Hi.  to  become  monks. 
2.  fig.  of  one  whose  career  disappoints 
his  early  promise.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Infrattanto  ;  =  Frattanto,  mean- 
while. 

Infrazi6ne/:;  infraction. 
tlnfrecci6ne  m.;  sharper. 

Infredd-are  ind.  infre'ddo ;  i.  to 
catch  cold.  2.  =  Raffreddare,  to  cool. 
Aff.  -agione  a  slight  cold,  -atura  a  cold, 
-aturaccia  fegg.,  -olirsi  to  feel  very 
cold. 

Infrenabile ;  irrestrainable. 

Infrenare  ind.  infre"no;  =  Frenare, 
to  restrain. 

*  Infrenellare;  to  stop  rowing,  keeping  the  oar 
in  the  air. 

•Infrenesire;  to  render  frantic. 

Infrequin-te ;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

Infrigid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make  cold.  Aff. 
-imento.  _ 

*Infrigno;  i.  wrinkled,     ii.  sickly. 

Infroll-ire  ind.  -isco ;  =  Frollare,  to 
soften. 

Infrond-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
leafy. 

Infronzolare  ind.  infr6nzolo ;  to  deck 
out  with  finery. 

*  Infruire;=Inferire,  to  imply, 
flnfrun-ire  iiui.  -isco;  =  Struggerst  d'  Una  cosa. 

-ito,  stupid. 

Infruscare  (either  for  Infuscare,  or 
<in-,  Frusco  twig);  to  mix  up  in  a 
tangle. 

Infruttffero;  unfruitful. 
Infruttu6s-o;  fruitless.    Aff.  -amente. 

fnfula,  infola  /  (L.);  as  E.,  viz. 
either  (i)  a  white  and  red  fillet  or  band 
of  woollen  stuff  worn  by  priests  in 
ancient  Rome  as  a  sign  of  religious 
consecration  and  of  inviolability,  (2)  a 
lappet  in  a  mitre,  or  (3)  the  mitre  itself. 

Infulato ;  with  an  infula.  Abate  — , 
mitred  abbot. 

Infun-are;  to  fit  with  ropes.  Aff. 
-atura. 


*Infundibolo  w.;=Imbuto,  funnel. 
•Infundita./;  (vet.)  illness,  ».  Infondito. 
*  Infunestare;  =  Funestare,  to  vex. 

Infungh-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  get 
mouldy. 

Infurb-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  grow  cun- 
ning. 

Infurfant-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  begin  to 
be  a  rogue. 

Infuri-are  ind.  infiirio;  i.  to  be- 
come furious.  2.  -ato,  in  a  furious 
hurry.  Aff.  -atame'nte. 

Infuscare;  pop.  for  Infruscare,  to 
perplex. 

InfuSfbil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita, 
Infusi6n-ej/:;  as  E.     *=Fusione.    Aff.  -cella 
dim. 

Infusfto  ;  as  upright  as  a  spindle, 
Fuso. 

Infuso;  fart.  Infondere. 

Infusdrio  m. ;  as  E.;  the  term  was  coined  from 
the  number  of  these  forms  occurring  in  organic  in. 
fusions. 


*Infust-irsi  ind.  .isco;  to  become  as  hard  as  a 
stick. 

*Infuturarsi;  to  be  prolonged  into  the  future, 
D.   Par.   17.  98. 

IngayC;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  leguminous  plants  of 
tropical  America. 

Ingabbanarsi  ind.  m'  ingabbano ;  to 
wrap  oneself  in  one's  cloak. 

Ingabbiare ;  i.  to  put  in  a  cage. 
2.  (mar.)  v.  Imboscare  (4). 

Ingabbiata/;  i.  putting  in  a  cage. 
2.  a  set  of  cages  arranged  as  traps  for 
birds. 

Ingaggi-are  (Fr.,  v.  Gaggio) ;  to 
engage, 


*i.  to  stake  in  a  wager,  ii.  to  pledge,  for  repay- 
mentofaloan.  iii.  to  challenge,  iv.  to  put  crushed 
olives  in  the  basket,  v.  Gabbia  (3).  Aff.  -atore,  -o  sb. 

*  Ingagliardia/I;  weakness. 

Ingagliard-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  strength- 
en. Aff.  -ime'nto. 

tlngaiare;  v.  Impegnare  la  cima. 
*Ingalappiare;=IncaIappiare,  to  ensnare. 

Ingall-are ;  to  steep  in  solution  of 
galls.  Aff.  -atura. 

Ingalluzzirsi ;  =  Ringalluzzirsi,  to 
cheer  up.  For  the  etymology,  v.  Sgal- 
luzzare. 

Ingambalare  ind.  ingambalo ;  to  put 
boots  on  the  trees. 

Ingamb-arsi ;  (mar.)  of  a  peg,  etc., 
to  go  the  wrong  way.  Ancora  -ata, 
anchor  fouled  by  the  flukes. 

*  i.  to  run  away.     ii.  to  stumble. 

t  Ingambettare ;  =  Intugliare,  to  shackle  (a 
chain). 

*  Ingambo  m. ;  danger,  obstacle. 

Inganciare ;  to  hook. 

Ingangherare  ind.  inganghero ;  to 
place  upon  the  hinges. 

Ingann-are  ;  to  deceive.  Con  un 
po'  d'  ovatta  -a  la  gobba,  he  disguises 
(lit.  deceives)  his  hunch  with  a  little 
wadding.  Cadenza  -ata  (also  termed 
falsa),  cadence  ending  on  the  sixth 
instead  of  on  the  dominant. 

Aff.  -dbile,  -acontadini  a  taking  but  not  really 
artistic  piece  of  work,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -erello 
dim.  of  -o,  -evole,  -evolmente. 

Inganno  m.;  i.  deception,  fraud. 
2.  mistake,  delusion. 

Etym.  In-  and  bit,  gannum,  scoff,  gibe.  The 
origin  of  gannunt  is  uncertain.  Among  the  various 
suggestions  mentioned  by  KGrting  the  three  most 
probable  are  perhaps  (i)  the  Germanic  stem  gana, 
to  gape,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Yawn,  (2)  O.  H.G.  ftiman, 
jest,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Game,  and  (a)  L.  gannire,  to 
yelp,  through  a  bit.  corruption  gannart. 
flnganzare;  — Incocciare,  to  hook. 

Ingarabu-gliare  or  -llare ;  =  Ingar- 
bugliare. 

•Ingarb-are;  i.  to  give  grace  to,  ».  Garbo. 
ii.  to  adapt,  iii.  to  adjust,  iv.  -arsi  con  uno,  to 
make  friends  with  him. 

Ingarbugli-are ;  i.  to  tangle.  2.  to 
perplex. 

Aff.  -ame'nto,  -6na,  -6ne. 
flngarire  ;=Incapriccirsi. 

Ingarzullire  (Ingazzullire) ;  to  be,  or 
cause  to  be,  joyful  over  a  trifle. 

Etym.  dub.  Probably  a  metathesis  of  Ingal- 
luzzire. 

Ingassare;  (mar.)  to  splice  into. 
•Ingastada  (Ingastara,  Inghestada,  Inghistara, 
Ingiustara,  Inguistara)./;  goblet,  v.  Guastada. 

Ingattatdio  m. ;  tall,  straight  vine- 
prop. 

40 — 2 


INGATTIRSI— INGRASSARE 


Ingattirsi;  =  Innamorarsi  com'  un 
gatto. 

*  Ingavinare  ;  i.=Aggavignare,  to  seize,     ii.  v. 
Gavina  (B). 

Ingavonat-o ;  (Nave)  -a,  on  her 
beam  ends. 

Ingegnaccio  ;;/. ;  uncouth  genius. 

Ingegnarsi ;  to  exert  oneself. 

Ingegner-e  m. ;  engineer.  Aff.  -a 
(sc/ierz.)  female  engineer,  -fa  engineer- 
ing, -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Ingegn-e'tto  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 
Ingegn-ino  m. ;  dim.  -vezz.  of  -o  (i). 

Ingegn-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  En- 
gine); i.  talent.  2.  device,  contrivance. 
3.  mechanism  of  a  key  or  lock. 

Aff.  -one  augm.,  -osamente,  -osita,  -oso. 
*Ingelare;  to  freeze. 

Ingelos-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make 
jealous. 

Ingemm-amentow!. ;  i.  vbst.  of -are.  2.  small 
piece  of  quartz  or  crystal  found  in  a  mineral  vein. 

Ingemmare  ind.  ingemmo ;  i.  to 
bejewel.  ^.  (dot.)  to  bud.  3.  to  graft. 

Ingener-are  ind.  tngcnero  ;  to  generate.  Aff. 
-amen  to. 

Ingener6s-o;  ignoble.     Ajf.  -amente. 

Inginito  (L.);  innate. 

Ingente  (L.);  huge. 

Ingentil-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  refine,  ennohle. 
Aff.  -imento. 

Ingenu-o(L.,  lit. high-born);  i.  as  E.  2.  (hist.) 
free-born.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita  ingenuousness. 

Ingerenza/ ;  i.  intervention.  2.  oc- 
cupation, office. 

•Ingergo  »;.;=Mistero,  Rigiro. 

Inger-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  i.  to  en- 
gender (suspicions).  2.  -irsi,  to  inter- 
fere, intermeddle. 

*  Ingerlato;  of  the  members  of  the  Crusca,  seated 
'•-     Gerla. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Ingess-are  ind.  ingesso  ;  i.  to  white- 
wash, to  plaster.  2.  to  lime  (a  field). 
3.  to  chalk,  e.g.  a  cue.  Aff.  -atura. 

IngeSS-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  of  silk-worms, 
to  fall  ill  and  turn  white  like  plaster, 
Gesso. 

'Ingesto;  injected,  D.  Par.  2.  81. 
•Ingesuato;  one  with  Jesus. 

*  Inghebbiare  ;  to  fill  the  crop,  Ghebbio. 
•Ingheronare;  v.  Gherone. 

Inghiai-are ;  to  strew  gravel  upon. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Inghierare  ind.  inghiero;  (mar.)  to  bush,  to 
line  with  metal. 

Inghilterray.;  England. 

Inghin-are;  (mar.)  to  wold,  wind  rope  round 
masts  or  yards,  so  as  to  tie  them  firmly  together. 
Aff.  -atura. 

*  Inghiomellare;  —  Aggomitolare,  to  wind. 

Inghiott-ire  ind.  -isco,  or  when  used 
fig.  -o  (L.  in,  glutire,  to  swallow,  v. 
Ghiotto);  to  swallow. 

Ajfr.  -imento,  *-itoio  gullet,  -itore  -itrice  greedy 
person. 

Inghiotton-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be,  or 
make,  greedy. 

Inghiozzare ;  =  Ingozzare,  to  swal- 
low. 

Inghiozz-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become 
stupid,  v.  Ghiozzo  (6). 

Inghirland-are ;  to  crown,  wreathe. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 


Inghistara  /.;  v.  Ingastada. 

*  Ingiacarsi ;  to  put  on  a  coat  of  mail,  v.  Giaco. 

Ingiall-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  make,  or 
be,  yellow.  Aff.  -imento. 

Ingiardinare  ind.  ingiardfno ;  to 
provide  with  gardens. 

*  Ingiarmare  ;  =  Ciurmare. 

Ingigant-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or  be,  gigantic. 

*  Ingigli-are ;  to  adorn  with  lilies,     -arsi,  to  as- 
sume the  form  of  a  lily. 

*  Inginestrata  f. ;  =  Giuncata. 

Inginoccbi-arsi  ind.  m'  inginocchio ; 
i.  to  kneel.  2.  part,  -ato  bowed,  v.  In- 
ferriata ;  (Finestra)  -ata,  with  curved 
iron  bars  protecting  it.  Aff.  -amento, 
-at6io  faldstool,  -atura  curve  like  that 
of  a  knee,  -oni  adv.  on  one's  knees. 

Ingioc6nd-o;  unpleasant.     Aff.  -amente. 

Ingioi-arsi,  -ellarsi;  to  wear  Gioie 
or  Gioielli. 

Ingiovan-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.q.  Ringio- 
vanire,  to  rejuvenate. 

Ingiii;  i.  downwards.  2.  AH'  — , 
on  the  return  journey. 

Ingiucch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make,  or 
be,  stupid,  v.  Giuco. 

Ingiudicato  ;  not  yet  decided. 

Ingiunc-are  ;  to  bind,  or  pack,  in 
rushes.  Aff.  -atu'ra. 

Ingiiingere  perf.  ingiun-si,  part,  -to 
(L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Enjoin) ;  to  com- 
mand. 

*i.  to  include,     ii.  to  catch,  surprise. 

Ingiunzione  / ;  injunction. 

Ingiliria/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Injury) ; 

1.  insult.    2.  injury,  e.g.  by  bad  weather. 

Ingiuri-are;  to  insult.  Aff.  -atore, 
-osame'nte,  -oso. 

*  Ingiustaray! ;  v.  Ingastada. 

Ingiust-o ;  unjust.  Ajf.  -ame'ftte,  ^iiicabile, 
-ificato,  -izia. 

Ingl6s-e;  English.     Aff.  -ume  spreg. 

Inglori6s-o  ;  as  E.     Af.  -amtate. 
Mngluviey;  (L.);  voracity. 
•Ingobbiare;  to  stuff  with  food. 

Ingobb-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  grow  hunch- 
backed. 

Ingoff-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
grow,  clumsy,  v.  Goffo. 

*Ingoffo  m.  (A);  mouthful  given  to  a  person  to 
keep  him  quiet,  us-u.  Jig.  for  hush-money.  Pigliare, 
Avere  1'  — ,  to  be  bribed  into  silence. 

Etym.  Either<L.  *«£-/KZ'/>.r,>**ingovio,>in- 
goflfo,  or  a  contraction  of  L.  in  gulam  offa. 

(B)  (bit.  "incolpaus,<\^.  colaphus,  v.  Colpo); 
slap. 

Ingoi-are  (prob.  <**  ingoliare,  <  L. 
g'ula,  v.  Gola);  I.  to  swallow  greedily. 

2.  fig.  to  engulf.     3.  fig.  to  put  up  with 
(insults). 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 
"Ingolare;  to  stuff  full,  cp.  Ingoliare. 

Ingolfarsi  ind.  m'  ingolfo ;  to  plunge, 
to  be  engulfed. 

Ing611a  f. ;  basket  at  the  end  of  a 
pole  for  picking  fruit. 

Ingoliare  ind.  ingollo  (It.  gola);  to 
gulp  down. 

Ingolos-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  gola) ;  i.  to 
excite  the  appetite  of.  2.  intr.  to  be- 
come greedy. 


Ingolpare ;  of  wheat,  to  become 
smutty. 

Ingombare ;  to  bulge. 

Ingombr-are  ind.  ingdmbro  (mlt. 
combrus,  barrier,  v.  Sgomberare) ;  to 
encumber.  Aff.  -o  sb.  or  adj. 

Ingommare  ind.  ingommo ;  to  gum. 

*  Ingorbiare;  to  put  a  ferrule  (on  a  stick). 

Ing6rd-o;  greedy.  Frutto  — ,  ex- 
orbitant interest.  Prezzo  — ,  uncon- 
scionable price.  Rami  -i,  (agric.) 
branches  from  the  stock  to  the  detri- 
ment of  the  graft.  Ferro  — ,  cutting 
edge  of  a  carpenter's  plane  which  pro- 
trudes unusually  far. 

*  i.  =  Troppo  rigoroso.     ii.  D'  — ,  eagerly. 

Aff.  -aggine,  -amente,  -igia  i.q.  -aggine,  -mo  dim. 

ktym.  " Cogn.  Paduan  dial,  gordo,  in  abundant 
measure,  <L.  in.giirdus,  a  word  formerly  meaning 
fat  (stated  by  Quintilian  to  be  of  Spanish  origin), 
apparently  allied  to  Proven^,  gord^  Span,  and  Portug. 
gordo,  fat,  succulent.  Diez  attributes  the  word  to 
L.  ingitrgito,  lit.  to  stuff  into  the  throat,  hence  to 
fill  the  belly,  <  gitrges,  whirlpool,  also  voracious 
man,  from  the  same  root  as  Gola  "  (Pianigiani). 

Ingorg-arsi  ind.  m'  ingorgo;  to  be 
blocked,  choked,  usu.  in  medical  sense, 
of  a  gland  or  its  duct,  lit.  to  be  caught 
in  a  whirlpool,  v.  Gorgo. 

Aff.  -amento,  -arello  dim.  of -o,  -o  sf>. 
•Ingorgiare;    i.  =  Inghebbiare.     ii.    to  speak 
with  a  burr,  v.  Gorgia. 

Ingovernabile;  difficult  to  govern. 

Ingozzare  ind.  ingozzo;  I.  to  swal- 
low with  some  repugnance.  2.  Fare  — 
il  cappello,  to  force  a  hat  down  over  a 
person's  head. 

Ingozz-ata  or  -atura  f. ;  blow  given 
to  the  top  of  a  hat,  forcing  it  down  upon 
the  head. 

Ingracil-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
grow,  slim. 

•Ingradarsi;  to  extend,  lit.  by  steps.  Questa 
natura  si  oltre  s'  ingrada  in  numero  che...,  beings  of 
this  description  extend  to  so  vast  a  number  that..., 
D.  Par.  29.  130. 

Ingramignare ;  to  spread  like  weeds, 
v.  Gramigna. 

Ingran-aggio  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -are  (A). 

Ingranare  (A) ;  to  fit  toothed  wheels 
together.  -  la  catena,  (mar.)  to  lift 
the  chain  into  the  sprocket-wheel. 

Etym.  Fr.  engrener,  to  fit  one  toothed  wheel 
into  another,  prob.  <grain,  hailstone,  the  toothing 
being  regarded  as  similar  to  hailstones,  which  often 
have  a  conical  shape,  cp.  old  Fr.  engresler,  to  indent, 
<gresle,  hail,<Fr.  grele,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Engrailed. 

(B)  (It.  grano);  to  dye  with  sumach,  /;'/.  to 
treat  with  grains,  the  sumach  leaves  being  pulverised 
(reduced  to  Grani)  and  mixed  with  water ;  the  hide 
is  then  dyed  in  the  mixture,  which  is  kept  stirred 
with  a  stick.  *to  reriuce  to  powder. 

*  Ingranato ;    i.    m.    garnet    (stone).      ii.    red, 
cochineal-coloured,  v.  Grana. 

Ingranch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  =  Aggran- 
chire,  to  benumb. 

Ingrand-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  magnify. 
2.  to  aggrandise.  3.  intr.  to  grow  big. 
*to  improve. 

Aff.  -imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

*  I  ngranire ;  to  grind  into  powder. 
Ingrassabue    m. ;    (tat.)    yellow    bed-straw, 

Galiittn  verum. 

Ingrass-are ;  i .  to  fatten  or  intr.  to 
grow  fat  or  rich.  2.  to  manure.  3.  —  i 
cavoli,  i.e.  to  die.  4.  to  lubricate. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atino  dim.  vezz.  rather  fat,  -atore 
oil-feeder,  lubricator,  -icchiare  or  -ucchiare  to  grow 
rather  fat. 


INGRASSO— INOPEROSO 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Ingrasso /A-.;  i.  manure.  2.  Da — , 
(animal)  kept  for  fattening. 

Ingrat-accio /*•££-.,  -amente;  v.  -o. 
Ingratdlla;  scherz.  cruel,  as  a  lovers'  term. 

*  Ingraticchiare  ;=  Ingraticolare. 

Ingraticci-are ;  to  fence  with  hur- 
dles, Graticci.  Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

Ingraticol-are ;  to  close  with  a 
grating. 

Aff.  -ata  or  -ato,  -atura. 

Ingratigliare ;  (mar.)  to  sew  the  bolt-ropes, 
Gratili,  to  a  sail. 

Ingratinare  ind.  Jngratino;  (mar.)=  Ralingare, 
to  affix  the  bolt-ropes. 

Ingrat-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -itudine. 
*Ingraviare;  (/«<zr.)=Imbottire,  to  "worm"  a 
rope. 

Ingravid-are;  to  make  or  be  pregnant.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Ingrazi-arsi,  or  -onirsi  ind.  m1  ingrazionisco ; 
to  ingratiate  oneself. 

*  Ingrecare  ;  to  become  very  angry. 
Ingredtente  ;«.;  as  K. 

*  Ingremire ;  —  Ghermire,  to  seize. 
Ingreppituray!;  hard  wrinkling  in  a  hide. 
Ingresso  m.  (L.,  v.  Grade);  as  E.     *as  adj., 

=  Crudele,  Violento. 

Ingrillandare;  f>of.  for  Inghirlandare. 
t  Ingrintire;=Stizzirsi,  to  be  angry. 

Ingrinz-ire  ind.  -isco;  =  Aggrinzare,  to  wrinkle. 

Ingrisellare  ind.  ingrisello;  (mar.)  to  rattle 
down,  fit  with  ratlines. 

*  Ingrognare ;  =  Ingrugnare. 

*  Ingrommarsi ;  to  form  a  crust. 
*Ingroppare;  i.  =  Aggroppare,  to  form  bunches. 

ii.  =  Accavalciare,  Soprapporsi,  to  superpose,  iii.  of 
a  horse,  to  carry,  iv.  to  force  (a  horse)  on  to  its 
haunches. 

Ingross-are  tr.  or /«/>-.;  i.  to  swell 
out.  2.  to  thicken.  3.  to  make  (the 
intellect)  gross,  dull.  4.  —  la  coscienza, 
to  blunt  the  delicacy  of  one's  conscience  ; 

—  1*  udito,  to  become  hard  of  hearing; 

—  il  fiato,  to  breathe  with  some  diffi- 
culty.    5.  to  increase  in  size  from  preg- 
nancy.    6.  of  a  lake  or  river,  to  rise  in 
flood.     7.  of  the  sea,  to  become  rough. 
8.  Prou.  Arno  non  -a  d'  acqua  chiara, 
i.e.  rapid  increase  in  wealth  indicates 
its  acquisition  by  unfair  means.     9.  of 
a  people,  to  become  irritated  and  re- 
bellious.    See   also   sub   Grosso.     Aff. 
-amento,   -atura. 

Ingrbsso  ;  All'  — ,  wholesale. 

*  Ingrottare ;  to  put  in  a  cavern. 

Ingrugn-are  or  -ire  ind.  -o  or  -isco ; 
to  look  sulky.  Aff.  -atura  or  -itura. 

Ingrull-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  a 
dolt. 

*  Ingruppare  ;  to  form  into  groups. 

Inguadabile;  unfordable. 

Inguainare  ind.  inguafno ;  i.  to 
sheathe.  2.  to  make  a  hem  for  a  draw- 
string to  run  in. 

Ingualdrappare  ;  to  lay  a  horse- 
cloth over. 

Inguantarsi ;  to  put  on  gloves. 
Inguarfbile;  incurable. 


fngui 


;=  Anguinaia,  groin. 

in-e  m.  (L.);  groin.    Aff.  -die. 


•Inguistara  /;  v.  Ingastad. 
*  Ingurgitare  ;  to  eat  greedily. 


*  Ingusciare  ;  to  enter  into  the  shell. 
Imb-ire  ind.  -isco(L.);  to  inhibit.    Aff.  -it6ria 

inhibitory  decree,  -itorio,  -izione. 

Ini-ettare  ind.  inietto  (L.);  to  inject.  Aff. 
•ezione. 

Inimic-are  ind.  inimfco;  i.  to  treat 
as  an  enemy.  2.  to  set  at  variance.  3.  to 
be  detrimental  to.  4.  -arsi  uno,  to  make 
him  one's  enemy. 

Aff.  -hevole,  -izia,  -o  (usu.  Nemico). 
Inimitabil-e;  as  K.    Aff.  -mente. 
In-immaginabile,  -intelligente;  as  E. 
Inintelligibil-e  ;     unintelligible.      Aff.     -ita, 
mente. 

Iniqu-amente ;  v.  -o.  -ita/;  i.  as 
E.  2.  unfairness.  3.  insulting  language. 
*-itire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  wicked. 
-0;  i.  unfair.  2.  wicked.  3.  bad  (for- 
tune or  weather)  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  In- 
iquity). 

Iniscemabile ;  impossible  to  di- 
minish. 

*  Inistessibile  ;  impossible  to  untwist. 

Inizi-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Initial); 
as  E.  Aff.  -ale,  -ame'nto,  -ativo,  -ato 
si>.,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o. 

*  Inizzare  ;  =  Aizzare,  to  incite. 

*  Inlacciare  or  *  Inlaqueare  ;  to  entrap. 

Inlagarsi ;  to  take  the  form  of  a 
lake. 

I  nlardare  (Lardare) ;  (mar. )  to  thrum,  to  insert 
short  pieces  of  rope-yam  in  a  mat  or  sail. 
•Inlato  7«.;  =  Lato,  side. 

Inlattare ;  (mar.)  to  nil  (a  ship)  to  the  upper 
beams. 

*  Inleggiadrire;  to  make  pretty. 

*  Inleiarsi ;  to  enter  into  it,  D.  Par.  22.  127;  cp. 
Immiarsi. 

*  Inlibrare ;  to  hold  balanced,  D.  Par.  29.  4  (if 
this  is  the  right  reading). 

*Inlordare;  to  besmirch,  v.  Lordo. 

*  Inluiarsi ;  to  be  one  with  him,  D.  Par.  9.  73. 
Inn-abissare,  -acerbare;  -'.  In-. 
Innacquare;  v.  Annacquare. 
Innaffi-are  ecc.,  v.  Annaffi-are  ecc. 
Inn-alberare,  -alyeare,  -alzare;  v.  In-. 
Inn-amarsi,  -amicarsi;  to  form  mutual  love, 

friendship,     -amidare;  v.  In-. 

Innamoracchiarsi ;  to  be  slightly  in  love. 

Innamor-are;  to  inspire  with  affection.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atamente  like  lovers,  -atello  dim.  vezz.  of  -ato, 
-aticcio  dim.  Jam.  of  -ato,  -azzarsi  to  have  a  fleeting 
affection,  -ucchiarsi  i.y.  -acchiarsi. 

Inn-anellare,  -animare  ;  -•.  In-. 

Innanzi  (Innante,  Innanti)  (cogn. 
Proven^,  enans,  enan,  <  L.  in,  ante)  ; 
i.  before.  2.  in  presence  of.  3.  in 
preference  to. 

Phrases:  4.  --  tempo,  before  the 
time  arranged.  5.  —  tutto,  or  —  tratto, 
first  of  all,  in  the  first  place.  6.  En- 
trare  —  a  uno,  to  assume  superiority  to 
him,  precedence  before  him ;  Entrare 
troppo  — ,  to  put  oneself  too  much  for- 
ward. 7.  Essere  molto,  poco  — ,  to  have 
made  much,  little,  progress  with  a  job. 
8.  La  stagione  e  — ,  the  season  is  a 
forward  one.  9.  Non  pensate  piu  — , 
do  not  reason  about  it ;  Obbedite,  e  non 
pensate  piu  — ,  usu.  piu  in  la,  obey 
orders  without  criticising.  10.  Tirare 
— ,  to  proceed  with  the  business ;  Tirarsi 
— ,  to  pay  one's  way;  Tirarsi  —  per 
medico,  usu.  Tirarsi  su,  or  avanti,  to 
train  for  the  medical  profession.  1 1.  Piu 
— ,  at  a  later  stage ;  further  on,  usu. 
Piu  in  qua,  or  Piu  qua.  12.  AH'  — , 
forwards  ;  Cadde  per  1'  —  e  batte  la 
fronte,  he  fell  down  forwards  and  hit 
his  forehead. 

13.  as  s6.t  model,  example;  Scrivere 


coll'  — ,  to  write  from  a  copy.  Coll'  — 
del  padre  sara  un  bravo  giovine,  with 
his  father's  example  before  him  he  will 
make  a  fine  young  man. 

*i.  —  a  te,  =  Nel  giudizio  tuo.     ii.  Esser  molto 

—  agli  uffici,  very  near  obtaining  them.     iii.  Sentire. 

—  in  una  cosa,  to  know  all  about  it.     iv.   Piu  — , 
=  Per  giunta.     v.  as  sb.,  GY  —  a  uno,   one's  pre- 
decessors,    tvi.    Fare  1'  — ,=  Fare  il  saccente. 

Inn-aridire  ;  v.  In-. 

Innario  m.  ;  hymnary. 
Inn-arpicare ;  v.  In-. 
Innarrare;  i.  =Narrare.     ii.  =Caparrare. 
Inn-arsicciare;  v.  In*. 
Innascondere ;  =  Nascondere. 
Inn-  or  In-aspare;  =  Annaspare. 
Inn-asprare  or -asprire  ;  v.  Inasprire. 
Inn-astare;  v.  In-. 
Innato :  as  £. 
Innaturale ;  unnatural. 

Innavigabile ;  i.  unnavigable.  2.  unsea- 
worthy. 

Innegabil-e  ;  undeniable.     Aff.  -mente. 

Inneggi-are  ind.  inneggio ;  to  sing 
hymns.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*Innervare;=Prender  vigore,  nerbo. 
Innesc-are,  -o  ;  it.  In-. 

*  Innesso  ;=  Incastonato,  set. 

Innest-are  ind.  innesto ;  i.  to  graft. 
2.  by  «•/.,  to  implant,  generally.  3.  to 
cross,  in  breeding. 

Aff.  -Abile,  -amento,  -atoio  grafting-knife,  -attire, 
-atura. 

Etym.  /V0£.<blt.  ** ininsiltire,>** innistart, 
<  L.  in,  insitum,  a  graft,  <  insero,  fart,  itisitns, 
for  which  v.  Skeat,  sub  Series. 

Innesto  »/.  ;  i.  graft.  2.  clutch  ; 
Giunto  ad  — ,  engaging  and  disengaging 
gear;  —  a  fregamento,  friction  clutch. 

*  Innito  m.  (L.  A/«wzVwj);=Nitrito,  neighing. 
•Innizzare;  v.  Inizzare. 

Inno  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  hymn. 

Innocen-te;  i.  as  E.  2.  as  tt.,  foundling. 
Aff.  -temente,  -tino  dim.  -za. 

Innocivo  (L.) ;  harmless. 

Innocu-o  (L.);  harmless.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Inndgrafo  »;.;  hymn-writer. 

Innomin-abile  ;  unnameable.     Aff.  -ato. 

Innov-are  ind.  inn&vo ;  as  E.  Aff.  -amento, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Innumer-abile  or  -evole  ;  as  E.   Aff.  -menle. 

-ino ;  dim.  suffix.  Also  as  adj.,  small. 
Fece  un  desinare  -ino  -ino,  he  prepared 
a  remarkably  small  dinner. 

Inobbedien-te  ;  disobedient.     Aff.  -za. 

Inocchiare  ind.  inocchio  ;  i.y.  In- 
nestare  a  occhio,  to  bud. 

Inoccultabile;  impossible  to  hide. 

Inoccupato;  unemployed. 

Inocul-are  ind.   inoculo;    i.    i.q.    Inocchiare. 

2.  as  E.     Aff.  -azi6ne. 

InodAro:  without  smell. 
InorTensjbile ;  invulnerable. 
Inoffensive  ;  as  E. 

Inofteso;  unhurt. 

Inofficidso ;  i.  regardless  of  the 
obligations  of  society.  2.  discourteous. 

3.  (leg.)  of  a  will,  invalid,  because  ex- 
ceeding the  legal  powers  of  the  testator. 

Inoli-are;  i.  to  oil.  2.  part,  -ato, 
ripe  (olives). 

Inoltr-are  ind.  in61tro ;  to  push  for- 
ward, -arsi,  to  advance. 

Indltre ;  besides,  moreover. 

Inond-are  ind.  inondo;  as  E.  Aff.  -atore, 
-azione. 

Inonest-o  ;  rather  unfair.    Aff.  -ame"nte. 
Inonorat-o  ;  unhonoured.     Aff.  -amente. 
•Inope(L.);  poor. 
Inoper6s-o  ;  inactive,  idle.    Aff.  -aincnte,  -ita. 


INOPIA— INSOCIALE 


For  derivation 

In6pia/  ;  poverty. 
Inopin-abile  incredible,  -abilm^nte 
adv.,  -ato  unexpected,  -atam&lte  adv. 

Inopportun-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
Inoppugnabil-e  ;  incontestable.    Aff.  -meiite. 

*  Inorare  ;  i.  to  honour,     ii.  to  gild. 
Inordinat-o ;    rather   out   of  order.     Aff.   -a- 

mente,  -ezza. 

Inorecchito  ;  attentive. 
Inorganic-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -am6nte. 

Inorgogl-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow 
proud. 

*  Inorme  ;=Enorme. 

Inornat-o  ;  =  Disadorno,  plain.      Aff.  -am6nte. 

Inorpell-are  ind.  inorpello ;  i.  to 
tinsel.  2.  fig.  to  disguise.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
atura. 

*  Inorrato  ;=Onorato. 

Inorrid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
be  aghast. 

Inospit-ale  or -e;  inhospitable.     Aff.  -alita. 

*  Inossare  ;   i.  to  form  bone.     it.  to  cover  with 
bone-powder. 

Inosserv-abile ;  unobservable.  Aff.  -ante, 
'anza,  -ato. 

Inoss-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  ossify. 

Inottus-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  obtuse. 

Inquadrare ;  to  put  in  a  frame.  *to  cut  up  in 
squares. 

Inqualificabile  ;  impossible  to  qualify,  beyond 
words. 

Inquart-are  ;  \.(herald.)\.o quarter,  i.  (ag-nc.) 
to  plough  for  the  fourth  time.  Aff.  -azione. 

Inquiet-are  ind.  inquieto ;  to  disquiet.  Aff. 
-amente,  -atore,  -atrice  vbsbs.,  -dzza  i.q.  -udine,  -o 
restless,  -uccio  dim.,  -udine. 

Inquilin-o  m.  -a/  (L.,<incolere) ; 
lodger. 

Inquin-are ;  to  defile,  besmirch.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Etym.  L.,</«,  catnum,  filth,  cj>.  obscaenus, 
<.obs,  cafnutn,  through  a  vb.  **obscenare;  akin  to 
A.S.  akiuaenan,  to  torment,  Irish  ctumach,  bog, 
Gr.  Ki'patSot,  lewd  fellow,  =  L.  cinacdus. 

Inquirente  adj.  or  si.;  (leg.)  charged  with  an 
enquiry. 

Inquis-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  examine, 
search  (suspected  premises).  2.  by  ext., 
to  investigate,  generally.  3.  =Proces- 
sare,  to  try  (a  prisoner).  Aff.  -itivo. 

Inquis-it6re  ttt. ;  i.  v.  Inquisire.  2.  _(«*/.) 
inquisitor.  Aff.  -itorello  dim.  spreg.,  -iturio,  -izione. 

Inr-;  for  words  beginning  thus  see 
Irr-. 

Insabbiam^nto  m. ;  silting. 

Insacc-are;  i.  to  put  into  the  sack 
or  bag.  2.  scherz.  to  make  money. 
3.  to  fill  sausage-skins.  4.  to  eat 
greedily.  5.  to  huddle  a  number  of 
people  into  some  place ;  La  Guardia  Ii 
-6  in  prigione.the  head  constable  packed 
them  all  into  prison  ;  Che  fa  qui  a  bag- 
narsi?  s'  -hi  nel  casotto,  what  is  the  use 
of  staying  here  to  get  wet  ?  let  us  pack 
ourselves  into  the  hut.  6.  II  sole  -a,  or 
va  giu  -ato,  the  sun  is  setting  behind  a 
thick  bank  of  clouds ;  prov.  Quando  il 
sole  -a  in  Giove  non  e  sabato  che  piove, 
when  the  sun  sets  behind  heavy  clouds 
on  Thursday  it  will  rain  before  Saturday. 
7.  part,  -ato,  dressed  in  badly-fitting 
clothes.  8.  Corsa  or  Palio  degli  -ati, 
sack-race.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

*  I  nsafardare  ;  to  dirty  with  filthy  grease. 

Insalamare  ind.  insalamo ;  to  tie  up 
like  a  sausage. 


of  compounds  beginning  -with  In  see  the 

Insal-are  ;  to  salt.  »-arsi,  of  rivers, 
to  join  the  sea. 

Insalat-a/;  salad,  lit.  salted  herb. 
Essere  all'  — ,  to  be  at  the  end  of  dinner 
or  fig.  of  any  job.  Fare  un'  —  d'  una 
cosa,  i.e.  to  make  a  hash  of  it.  Aff.  -aio, 
-aia  seller  of  salad,  -iera  salad-bowl,  -fna 
or  —  di  campo,  salad  of  wild  herbs, 
-6na  angm.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Insaldabile ;  impossible  to  mend. 

Insald-are ;  to  starch.  Aff.  -at6ra 
laundress,  -atura. 

Insaliibr-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ila. 

Insalutato;  unsaluted. 

Insalvabile  ;  impossible  to  save. 

Insalvatich-ire  or  Inselvatich-ire  ind. 
-isco ;  to  become,  or  make,  wild. 

Insanabil-e;  incurable.     AJf.  -ita,  -minte. 

Insanamente  ;  madly. 
•Insanesito;  made  Siennese. 

Insanguin-are  ind.  insanguino;  to  stain  with 
blood.  Aff.  -am^nto. 

Insan-ia/;  madness.     Aff.  -ire  ind.  -isco,  -o. 

Insapon-are  ind.  insapono ;  to  soap.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*  Insapor-are  or  -ire  ;  to  flavour. 

Insapiita  /  ;  All'  —  di,  without  the 
knowledge  of. 

Insatanassare ;  to  infuriate. 
Insatirito ;  turned  into  a  satyr. 

Insatollabile  ;  impossible  to  satisfy. 
Insaturabile  ;  impossible  to  saturate. 

*  Insavorrare  ;  =  Inzavorrare. 
Insaziabil-e  ;  insatiable.     Aff.  -ita,  -m£nte. 
Insaziato ;  unsatisfied. 
Inscandagliabile  ;  unfathomable. 
Inscien-te;  not  knowing.     Aff.  -teminte,  -73. 

*  Inscogliare  ;  to  run  upon  the  rocks. 
Inscrlvere  and  derivatives  ;  v.  Iscrivere. 
Inscrut&bil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mdnte. 
Insecabile;  impossible  to  cut. 

Insecch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dry  up. 

Insedi-are  ind.  insedio ;  to  install  in 
office.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Insedicfesimo ;  i6mo.  size,  sexto- 
decimo. 

Insegare  ind.  inse"go ;  to  grease,  v. 
Sego. 

Ins6gna/  ;  i.  sign,  attribute.  2.  flag, 
standard,  ensign.  3.  in  //.,  (herald.} 
arms.  4.  sign,  of  a  public-house.  5.  Ri- 
piegare  le  -e,  fig.  to  abandon  an  enter- 
prise, hence  by  ext.  to  die. 

Insegn-are  ind.  inse'gno  (cogn.  Pro- 
venc..  ensenhar,  Fr.  enseigner,  <  bit.  in- 
signare,  to  point  out  by  a  mark,  <  L.  in, 
signutn,  mark,  v.  Segno) ;  to  teach, 
point  out. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amtato,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-ucchiare  dim. 

Insegu-ire  ind.  inse'guo;  to  pursue. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Inselciare  ind.  insdlcio;  =Selciare, 
to  pave. 

Insell-are  ind.  insello ;  I.  =Sellare, 
to  saddle.  2.  (mar.)  (Nave)  -ata,  very 
high  both  fore  and  aft. 

Inselvarsi  ind.  m'  inselvo  ;=Imboscarsi,  to  go 
into  the  forest. 

Inselvatichire ;  v.  Insalvatichire. 

*  Insembrc  ;=Insieme. 

*  Insembruno  in. ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 
Inseminate  ;  unsown. 

*  Insemitarsi ;  =  Instradarsi. 
*Insemprarsi ;  =  Eternarsi,  to  be  perpetual. 

Insen-arsi  ind.  s'insena;  to  form  a  gulf.  *to 
put  in  one's  bosom.  Aff.  -atura  inlet. 


simple  word. 

*Inseniciat-a  /.,    -o 

walk. 


.:  =  Marciapiede,   side- 


Insensat-o ;  crazy.  Aff.  -aggine, 
-atne'nte,  -dzza. 

Insensibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  .mente. 
Insepar-abile  ;    as    E.      AJf.   -abilila,    -abil- 
mente,  -ato. 

Insepolto  ;  unburied. 

Jnsequestrabile  ;  impossible  to  sequestrate. 
Inserenata  /.;  pop.  for  Serenata,  serenade. 

Inser-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  part. 
-fto  or  -to  (L.  inserere,  to  insert,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Series)  ;  to  insert.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Ins&rta/;  enclosure. 

Ins&rto  ;  I.  syncop.  for  Inserito. 
2.  as  sb.,  (leg.)  brief,  bundle  of  docu- 
ments relating  to  a  case. 

Inservibile;  unserviceable. 

Inserviente  m.  ;  servant,  attendant. 

•  Inservigiato  w.\  voluntary  servant. 
Inserzi6neyT;  as  E. 

*  Insesso  m.  ;  =  Semicupio,  hip-bath. 
Insessdri  m.  pt.\  the  sessorial  group  of  birds. 

1  1  nsetare  ;  =  Innestare,  to  graft.  *  to  cover  with 
silk. 

Insett-o  m.  (L.);  insect.  Aff.  -ictda,  -[voro, 
as  E.,  -ologia  entomology,  -ologico,  -61ogo,  -ucciaccio 
fegg.,  -ucolo  spreg. 

Jnsevare  ind.  ins<5vo  ;  to  tallow. 

Insever-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be  severe. 

Insidi-a  /.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Insidious);  plot, 
trap.  Aff.  -are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -osamgnte,  -oso. 

Insieme  (cogn.  Fr.  ensemble,  Pro- 
veng.  ensemse;<b\l.  inst»iul,<L.  in, 
simul,  akin  to  Gr.  a/xa,  O.H.G.  saman, 
>Germ.  zii-sammen,  sammt,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Same)  ;  I.  together,  at  the  same 
time.  2.  as  sb.,  L'  —  ,  the  general 
result,  total  effect. 

Insieparsi  ind.  m'  insiepo;  to  hide 
behind  a  hedge. 

Insigne  (L.,</»,  signum,  mark,  v. 
Segno)  ;  renowned. 

Insignificante;  i.  as  E.     2.  expressionless. 

Insign-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  bestow  a 
title,  or  mark  of  distinction. 

Insignor-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  to  become 
master  of.  2.  to  become  a  gentleman. 

Insinattanto  ;  =  Insino  a  tanto,  so 
far. 

Insinche;  =  Insino  che,  until. 

Insino  ;  i.q.  Infino,  until,  even,  v. 
Sino. 

Insinu-are  (L.,  «'«,  sinus,  v.  Seno);  as  E. 
AJf.  -abile,  -abilita. 

InsinuazidneyC;  i.  as  E.  2.  hint.  3.  placing 
a  copy  of  a  deed  amongst  the  archives. 

Insipid-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  suk  Sapid,  and  infra, 
Sapere);  as  E.  Aff.  -aniente,  -*zza  or  -itk. 

Insipi&n-te  (L.,</»,  sapiens,  v.  Sa- 
pere) ;  silly.  Aff.  -teme'nte,  -za. 

•  Insipillare  ;  =  Inzipillare. 

Insfst-ere  ferf.  -ei  or  -etti,  -4sti,  -e  or  -ette, 
parts,  -ente,  -!to(L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -en/a. 

fnsito  or  Insito  (L.);  innate.  *as 
sb.,  graft. 

*  Insizioney^  (L.  insitio,  </«^rfr^);  =  Innesto, 
graft. 

Insoav-e  ;  unpleasant.  Aff.  -em^nte, 
-ita. 

Insocciare  ind.  insoccio;  to  lease  cattle,  T. 
Soccio. 

Insociabil-e  ;  unsociable.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Insocial-e  ;  unsocial.     Aff.  -m£nte. 


INSOCIEVOLE— INTEMERATA 


For  derivation 
Insocievol-e;  i.q.  Insociabile.     Aff.  -ezza. 

Insoddisfatto ;  unsatisfied. 

Insofferen-te  ;  intolerant.  -  del 
giogo  paterno,  unwilling  to  endure  the 
paternal  yoke.  Aff.  -za. 

Insoffribil-e  ;  insufferable.     Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Insoggett-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  terrify, 
v.  Soggezione ;  -irsi,  to  be  ill  at  ease. 

Insolazidne/ ;  sunstroke. 

Insole-are  ;  to  mark  with  a  groove. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Insoldatarsi  ;  to  become  soldier- 
like. 

Insolen-te(I..  insolens,  lit.  contrary  to  custom, 
hence  insolent) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -temente,  -tire  i.  intr. 
2.  tr.  to  molest,  -tone  augm.,  -tuccio  dim.  sprfg., 
-za. 

Insolfare;  v.  Inzolfare. 

Insdlit-o  ;  unwonted.    Aff.  -aniente. 

Insoll-ire  ind.  -isco  (Insollare);  to 
be,  or  make,  soft,  to  enfeeble,  v.  Sollo. 

Insolubil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 
Insoluto;  i.  unsolved.     3.  not  untied.     3.  un- 
paid (debt). 

Insolven-te  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -za. 
Insolvibil-e ;  i.q.  Insolvente.    Aff.  -ita. 

Insomnia  adv.  (It  somma,  sum) ; 
well,  to  cut  it  short,  to  sum  the  matter 
up.  —  delle  somme,  as  expression  of 
impatience,  —  delle  somme  la  volete 
finire,  for  the  last  time  I  tell  you  to 
stop  this. 

Insommergfbile ;  unsinkable. 

*  Insonnare  ;  to  put  to  sleep. 

Insbnn-e ;  sleepless.    Aff.  -ia. 
Insonnito;  asleep. 

*  Insonte  (L..  v.  Sontico);  harmless-. 
Insopportabil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -m£nte. 

Insord-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  deaf. 

Ins6rg-ere  ferf.  insorsi,  part,  in- 
sorto;  i.  to  rise,  rebel.  2.  to  arise. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Insormontabile ;  insurmountable. 

Ins6rto;  i.  part.  Insorgere,  2.  as 
s6.,  rebel. 

Insospett-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  inspire, 
or  feel,  suspicion.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Insostenibile  ;  impossible  to  maintain. 

Insozzare  ind.  insozzo  ;  to  soil,  in 
moral  sense,  v.  Sozzo. 

Insper-abile  ;  beyond  hope.  Aff.  -ato  un- 
expected, -atamente. 

*  Inspergere  ;  =  Aspergere,  to  sprinkle. 

*  Inspess-are  or  -ire  ;  =  Condensare. 
Inspir-are  ;  to  draw  in,  or  force  in,  air.     Aff. 

-abile,  -abilita,  -azione. 

Instabit-e;  i.  unstable.  2.  insecure.  Aff. 
-ita,  -mente. 

Install-are  ;  as  E.    Aff,  -azione  fittings. 

Instancabil-e  ;  indefatigable.  Aff. 
-ita,  -mdnte. 

Instan-te  ecc. ;  v.  Istan-. 

Instate ;  to  persist,  to  be  urgent,  to 
press. 

Instaur-are  (L.,<z«,  ** staurus  adj., 
cp.  Gr.  o-ravpds,  upright  pole ;  Sanskr. 
sthavara,  fixed,  root  sia,  to  stand  fast) ; 
to  set  up,  initiate  (a  system,  or  mode  of 
procedure).  Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Instcril-ire  ittd.  -isco;  to  sterilise. 


of  compounds  beginning  -with  In  see  the 

Instillare ;  as  E. 

*  Institcjre  m. ;  agent,  manager. 
Instolid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  grow  stolid. 

Insu ;  i.  upwards.     2.  upon. 

Insubordin-ato;as  E.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atezza, 
-azione. 

Insubre  ;  Insubrian,  an  ancient  name  for  a 
district  near  Milan. 

Insuccesso  m.\  failure. 

Insudiciare  ind.  insiidicio  ;  to  dirty. 

Insufficien-te;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

Insuffl-are  (mlt.  sufftare,  v.  Soffiare) ; 
i.  to  force  in  air.  2.  fig.  to  suggest 
secretly.  Aff.  -azione. 

Insugarsi;  to  become  full  of  mois- 
ture. 

Insulare  (L.);  as  E. 

Insuls-o  (L., <in,  salsus,  salted,  v. 
Sale)  ;  i.  insipid.  2.  fig.  silly.  Aff. 
-dggine,  -amente. 

Insult-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -atore. 

Insult-arello  or  -erello  m. ;  dim.  of -0(2). 

Insultow. ;  i.  as  E.     2.  (med.)  attack. 

Insuperabil-e  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Insuperatp  (L.);  unsurpassed. 

Insuperb-ire  iitd.  -isco;  to  be  or  make  proud. 

Insurrezidn-e./;  as  E.     Aff.  -ale. 

*  Insusarsi  ;  to  rise  to  a  great  height,  D.  Par. 
17-   13- 

Insussisten-te ;  unreal,  unsubstan- 
tial. Aff.  -za. 

Mnsusurrare  ;  =  Susurrare,  to  whisper. 

Intabaccare ;  to  stain  with  tobacco. 

Intabarrare ;  to  wrap  in  a  Tabarro, 
mantle. 

Intacc-are ;  i.  to  notch,  cut  notches 
in,  cut  by  mistake  or  clumsily ;  Chi  non 
sa  scorticare  -a  la  pelle,  i.e.  one  who 
does  not  understand  his  job  does  more 
harm  than  good.  2.  to  consume  a  part 
of ;  II  cancro  gli  ha  -ato  1'  bsso,  the 
cancer  has  destroyed  some  of  the  bone; 
Credevo  di  finir  sabato  ma  vedo  che 
-hero  anche  la  domenica,  I  thought  I 
should  have  finished  on  Saturday,  but 
I  see  I  shall  run  into  Sunday.  3.  — nel 
discorso,  to  have  a  difficulty  in  pronun- 
ciation. Aff.  -dbile,  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Intacco  m. ;  notch. 

Intagli-are;  to  incise,  to  carve.    • 
ad   acqua  forte,  to  etch.     Aff.   -at6re, 
-atrice,   -atura. 

Intaglio  m.  ;  i.  carving.  2.  en- 
graving. 

*  Intalentarc  ;  to  excite  desire,  v.  Talento. 
*Intamare  (.cogti.  Fr.  entamer,<.  mlt.  intainin- 

are,  root  tag ,  to  touch,  v.  Contaminare);—  Intaccare. 

*  Intamburare  ;    to  denounce,  lit.   to  place  a 
denunciation  in  the  Tamburo. 

Intanarsi ;  to  hide  oneself  in  a  den, 
v.  Tana. 

Intanf-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
musty,  v.  Tanfo. 

Intangibil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita. 

Intanto  ;  i.  meanwhile.  2.  at  the 
same  time.  3.  —  che,  or  as  one  word, 
Intantoche,  (a)  while,  (i)  until,  (c]  so 
that. 

*  Intapparsi  ;=Coprirsi  bene  d'  abiti. 

Intarl-are ;  to  be  worm-eaten.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atura. 


simple  -word. 

Intarm-are  ;  to  be  moth-eaten.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Intarsi-are;  i.  to  do  intarsia  work, 
the  same  as  mosaic,  but  using  larger 
pieces  and  of  various  shapes,  to  inlay. 
2.  fig.  —  citazioni  in  un  discorso,  to  in- 
terlard a  speech  with  quotations.  Aff. 
-amen  to,  -atdre,  -atura,  -o. 

Intartarirsi  ind.  s'  intartara ;  to  be- 
come encrusted  with  tartar. 

Intas-are  ind.  intaso;  i.  to  block 
up  (a  channel,  esp.  the  ducts  of  the  body, 
the  nasal  passages,  etc.),  the  opposite 
of  Stasare,  v.  Taso.  2.  iutr.  to  have  a 
cold  in  the  head.  3.  part,  -ato  =  Insu- 
diciato,  dirty.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Intascare  ;  to  pocket.  Uh  m'  in- 
tasca  !  i.e.  give  me  a  straight  answer, 
v.  Umintasca. 

*  Intassare  ;  to  bend  (a  bow). 
•Intassellare;  to  affix,  or  fasten  with  Tasselli, 

q.v. 

Intatto  (L.  intactus);  intact. 

Intavolare  ind.  intavolo ;  i.  to 
board  up.  2.  to  put  (loaves)  on  a  board 
for  passing  into  the  oven.  3.  to  set  on 
foot  (a  discussion,  negotiations),  lit.  to 
place  upon  the  table.  4.  at  chess  or 
draughts  (a)  to  set  the  men,  (b)  to  draw 
the  game,  usu.  Far  tavola.  5.  (mus.)  to 
reduce  (an  air)  to  writing. 

Intavol-ato  /«. ;  i.  hoarding,  wain- 
scotting,  v.  -are  (i).  2.  =  Pialla  da  toro, 
ogee-plane. 

Intavol-aturayC;  -vbsb.  of -are. 

Intedescare  ind.  inteddsco ;  to 
Germanise. 

Integamare  ind.  integamo ;  to  put 
into  the  pot,  Tegame. 

Integerrimo  (L.) ;  superl.  of  In- 
tegro. 

Integr-abile  ;  (math.)  as  E.    Aff.  -abilita. 
Integral-e  (mlt.,<L.  integer,  root  tag,  as  in 
tangere,  to  touch)  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

Integr-are  ind.  integro;  i.  to  com- 
plete, put  right,  put  straight.  2.  (inath.) 
as  E.  3.  pres.  part,  -ante,  essential, 
integral.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Integr-o  or  Integr-o  (L.,  -v.  Inte- 
grate) ;  just,  upright.  Aff.  -ita. 

Integum^nto  m.;  (anat.)  as  E. 

Intelaiare ;  i.  to  mount  upon  the 
loom.  2.  fig.  to  bring  forward  a  pro- 
posal. 

Intelai-atura  /  ;  i .  vbsb.  of  -are. 
2.  framework. 

*  Intelare  ;=Attelare,  to  array. 
Intellettiva  /  ;  intellectual  faculties. 
Intellettiv-o;     relating     to     intellect.      Aff. 

-amdnte. 

Intellett-o  ;«.  (L.) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -udle,  -ual- 
me"nte. 

Intelligen-te  ;  as  E.  —  di  vini,  a  good  judge 
of  wine.  Aff.  -temente. 

Intelligenza  f.\  as  E.  Bandiera  d'  — ,  answer- 
ing flag,  shewing  that  a  signal  is  understood. 

IntelligibiT-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  .mente. 

Intemerata/;  i.  vehement  scold- 
ing. 2.  (from  a  long  Latin  prayer  to 
the  Madonna,  beginning  O  intemerata} 
long,  tedious  explanation  of  a  pro- 
posal. 


320 


INTEMERATO— INTERPELLARE 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Intemerat-o ;  faultless.  - 

Rlym.  L. ,  <  in,  not,  temerarc,  to  besmirch,  < 
temere,  rashly,  haphazard,  an  adv.  originally  mean- 
ing "in  thedark/V/.  Sanskr.  tamos,  gloom,  O.H.G. 
demur,  >  Germ.  Ddmmeming,  twilight,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Temerity,  Tenebrous,  Dim. 

*Intempellare;=Mandare  alia  lunga,  to  keep 
waiting. 

Intemperan-te  ;  intemperate.  AJf.  -teme'nte, 
•za. 

Intemperat-o  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente. 

Intemperie/  (L.  intemperiae,<in, 
tempus) ;  unseasonable,  inclement  wea- 
ther. 

Intempestiy-o  (L.) ;  inopportune. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita. 

Intendente;  \.part.  Intendere.  As 
sb.  2.  connoisseur,  good  judge.  3.  man- 
ager, superintendent. 

Intend6nza/;  I.  supervision,  man- 
agement. 2.  office,  place  of  manage- 
ment. 

Int&nd-ere  pcrf.  inte'si,  part,  inteso 
(cogn.  Fr.  entendre,<L.  intendere,  lit.  to 
direct  the  mind  towards);  I.  to  under- 
stand; --  per  aria,  to  understand  at 
once ;  Non  —  a  sordo,  to  be  quick  to 
understand.  2.  to  hear.  3.  to  intend. 
4.  -erla  male,  to  be  angry.  5.  -ersi,  to 
be  considered,  reckoned  ;  Con  questa 
somma  s'  -e  terminata  fra  me  e  te  ogni 
pendenza,  all  matters  outstanding  be- 
tween you  and  me  are  to  be  regarded  as 
settled  by  this  account.  6.  S'  -e  (a)  (ab- 
solutely) of  course,  (i)  (referring  to  an 
excess  of  something),  S'  -e  esser  fortun- 
ati,  ma  come  lui !  any  one  may  be  lucky, 
but  luck  like  his!  7.  -ersela  con...,  to 
come  loan  understanding  with,  i.e.  either 
as  lovers  or  in  a  matter  of  business. 
8.  Dare  ad  — ,  (a)  to  make  a  person 
understand,  (i)  to  make  him  believe 
(something  untrue).  9.  Darsi  ad  • — ,  to 
imagine  (something  which  is  not  the 
fact),  to  pretend  to  oneself.  10.  Non 
darsene  per  inteso,  (n)  to  conceal  one's 
knowledge  of  it,  (b)  to  disregard  advice 
or  instructions;  Ghiel'  ho  gia  detto,  ma 
egli  non  se  ne  da  per  inteso,  I  have  told 
him  of  it  before  now,  but  he  will  not 
take  notice  of  it.  1 1.  Dirla  come  s'  -e, 
to  speak  one's  mind.  12.  Domanda  e 
-i,  by  dint  of  constant  asking ;  Domanda 
e  -i  finalmente  m'  e  riuscito  di  sapere 
dove  sta  di  casa,  by  persistent  encjuiry 
I  have  at  last  found  out  where  he  lives. 

*i.  —  gli  occhi,  la  mente,  to  fix  one's  eyes,  or 
thoughts,  ii.  -ersi,  to  be  spread  over;  I  Seres  che 
in  Asia  s'  intendono,  the  Chinese  who  are  spread 
over  Asia.  iii.  to  direct  one's  attention  to  ;  Ove  mio 
core  intese,  whereon  my  heart  was  bent,  D.  Purg. 
n.  87.  iv.  -ersi  in,  to  be  in  love  with. 

*  Intendevole;  i.  intelligible,  ii.  intelligent, 
iii.  wilting,  obedient. 

Intend-icchiare  or  -ucchiare:  to  understand 
a  little  of. 

Intendime'nt-o  m. ;  i.  intelligence. 
2.  intention.  3.  meaning;  Verita  di 
difficile  — ,  truth  difficult  of  compre- 
hension. Aff.  -ino  dim.  vezz. 

Intend! t6re    m.  ;     i.    connoisseur. 
2.  person  quick  to  understand. 
Intend-ucchiare ;  v.  -icchiare. 

Intenebr-are  ind.  intenebro ;  to 
darken.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


Intener-are ;  i.q.  -ire,  but  only  used 
inthe/r<?z>.  Gennaio  ingenera,  Febbraio 
intenera,  Marzo  imboccia,  Aprile  sboc- 
cia,  Maggio  fiorisce. 

Intener-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  soften. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*  Intensione  /. ;  i.   intensity,     ii.  tension. 
Intens-o    (L.    intensus,    v.    Intento);    as    E. 

Aff.  -amente,  -ita,  -ivame'nle,  -ivo. 

Intentabile ;  i.  (leg.)  v.  Intentare. 
2.  impossible  to  try. 

Intentame"nte ;  i.  attentively.  2.  in- 
tently. 

Intent-are  (L.,  intens.  of  intendere); 

1.  (leg.)   to  bring   (an   action).     Part. 
-ato.    2.  unattempted.     3.  unexplored. 

Intento  (L.  intentus,  alternative  fart.,  together 
with  iftttnsus,  of  intfndere)  ;  adj.  or  sb.,  as  E. 

•tense.  II  ciel  di  sopra  fece  — ,  he  made  the 
sky  above  charged,  viz.  with  moisture,  D.  Purg.  5. 
117. 

*  Intenza/;  i.  intention,     ii.  =  I ntenzione,  pur- 
port, D.  Par.  34.  75  and  78.    iii.  =  Intendenza,  person 
beloved,     iv.  contention. 

Intenzi6n-e/;   as  E.    Aff.  -accia,  -ale,  -al- 
mente,  -ato,  -uccia  dim.  pegg. 
Intepidire;  z>.  Imiepidire. 

Interame'nte ;  entirely. 
Interbinario  m. ;  six-foot  way. 

Intercal-are  ind.  intercdlo  (L.,<in- 
ter  and  old  L.  calare  =  Gr.  icaXfiy,  to 
summon,  v.  Chiamare) ;  i.  vb.,  as  E. 

2.  as  adj.,  intercalated.    3.  as  si>.,  verse 
repeated  after  a  certain  number  of  other 
verses,  or  stock  phrase  repeated  at  in- 
tervals. 

Intercapedine  /  (L.);  (arch.)  interval,  in- 
terstice. 

Inter-cedere  ftrf.  intercede'!  or  intercedetti, 
fart,  interceduto  or  intercesso ;  i.  as  E.  3.  to  in- 
tervene. Aff.  -cessione,  -cessore,  -cessora. 

Inter-cettare  (L.  inltrceptare);  as  E.  *to 
obstruct.  Aff.  -cetto  S)'*:.  part.,  -cezitine. 

Inter-cbJudere   or  -clude're,  perf. 

-chiusi,    part,   -chiuso   or  -cluso  (L.); 

i.  to  block  the  way  of,  to  stop.  2.  to 
enclose,  surround. 

Inter-ddere  perf.  -cisi,  part,  -ciso ; 
I.  to  cut  in  two;  part,  -ciso  2.  (hot.) 
deeply  incised.  3.  (med.)  intermittent 
(pulse).  *to  interrupt.  Aff.  -cisirine. 

Intercludere  ;  v.  Interchiudere. 
Intercol6nnio  m. :  (arch.)  intercolumnar  space. 
Inter-costale ;  as  E.  -cutaneo ;  subcutaneous. 

Inter-de'tto ;  i.  part,  of  -dire.  2.  as 
sb.,  interdict. 

Inter-dire,  for  conjug.,  v.  Dire  (L. 
interdicere) ;  to  interdict.  Aff.  -dittorio, 
-dizione. 

Interess-are ;  to  interest.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -ante,  -atamente  from  inter- 
ested motives,  -e  interest  in  all  senses, 
as  E.,  -6so  absorbed  in  profit-making, 
-osame'nte  adv.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.  of  -e. 

Intere'zza/;  entirety. 

Interfer-enza  f.\    interference    (in    physical 
optics).     Aff.   -ire  ind.  -isco. 
*  Interfezione/;;  killing. 

Interfogli-are  ind.  interfoglio;  to  interleave. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Interiezione/;  interjection, 
tlnteriglio  m.\  i.  =Masscllp.     ii.  =  Peilagnolo. 

Interim  m.  (L. ,<  inter+im,  old  L.  for  emu, 
that,  ///.  during  that  time);  i.  interim  tenure  of  a 
vacant  post  in  the  Government  by  another  Nfinister. 
2.  (hist.)  —  d'  Augusta,  the  decree  of  Charles  V 


permitting  the  marriage   of  priests  and  other  con- 
cessions. 


Interinalme"nte ; 
interim. 


temporarily,    ad 


Interinato  m.  \  tenure  of  a  post  ad 
interim. 

Interlno  adj. ;  interim  (holder  of  a 
post),  provisional. 

Interidray^//.;  eatable  viscera  of  an  animal. 
Interidr-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -me'nte. 

Interlto  (It.  intero,  v.  Intirizzire); 
bolt-upright,  stiff. 

•Interito  m.  (L.);  death. 

Interlinea/.;  i.  (print.)  block  for  forming  a 
space-line.  _  2.  the  space  between  the  lines  of  print 
or  manuscript. 

Interline-are;  i.  adj.,  as  E.  2.  vb.,  to  inter- 
line. Aff.  -azione. 

Interlocu-tore  »«.,  -trice/;  as  E. 

Interlocutdrio  ;  (leg.)  as  E. 

Interlocuzidne/;  (leg.)  interlocutory  judg- 
ment. 

Interloquire  ;  to  intervene  in  a  discussion. 

Interlunio  m.  ;  period  when  no 
moon  is  visible. 

Intermediario  :  as  E. 

Intermedio ;  i.  intermediate.  2.  as  s  b.  = 
Intermezzo. 

*  Intermentire  ;  =  Intnrmentire. 

Inter-me'ttere  perf.  -messi  or  -misi, 
part,  -me'sso ;  i.  to  interrupt  (work) 
for  other  work.  2.  (med.)  of  the  pulse, 
to  be  intermittent. 

Intermezzo  m. ;  i.  minor  piece,  e.g. 
of  music  or  poetry  introduced  between 
pieces  of  more  importance,  interlude. 

2.  interval,  time  of  waiting. 

lnterminabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -me'nte. 
Intcrminat-o  ;  =  Sterminato,    endless.      Aff. 
-amente. 

Intermissione/i  (L.);  as  E. 
Intermitten-te  (L.);  as  E.    Aff.  -za. 

Intern-are;  i.  to  drive  (e.g.  a  nail) 
deeply  in.  2.  to  intern  (foreign  refugees). 

3.  -arsi  nella  pane,  of  an  actor,  to  iden- 
tify himself  with  his  part;  Se  ne  -a,  of 
a  speaker,  he  is  speaking  with  warmth. 

Internazional-e;  as  E.     Aff.-Kla.. 
Intern-o  (L.);  i.  internal.     2.   Foro  —,(tccl.) 
the  conscience.     3.  Alunno  — ,  boarder,  in  a  school. 

4.  as  sb.,  inside.     Aff.  -amente. 

Internbdio  m. ;  i.  (6ot.)  internode, 
space  between  two  knots  in  a  reed. 
2.  (anat.)  joint  of  a  finger. 

Internunzi-o  m.\  i.  Papal  Nuncio 
at  minor  courts.  2.  similar  represen- 
tative of  a  secular  government.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Inte'r-o  or  Intie'r-o  (cogn.  Proveng. 
integre,  Fr.  entier,  Span,  entero,  <  L. 
integer,  v.  Integrate);  i.  entire.  2.  Festa 
-a,  or  d'--  precetto,  entire  holiday, 
v.  Festa  (2)  and  (3).  3.  Numero  — , 
whole  number.  4.  Foglie,  Petali  -i, 
i.e.  not  notched  at  their  edges.  5.  =In- 
tegro,  honest,  sincere,  D.  Purg.  17.  30. 
6.  (Andare,  Stare)  — ,  stiff,  v.  Interito. 

Interpell-are  ind.  interpello  (Fr.,< 
L.,<inter,  and  old  L.  **pellare,  as  in 
appellare,  which  \sprob.  akin  to  Gothic 
spillon;  O.H.G.  spellon,  to  relate;  A.S. 
spel,  narrative,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Spell, 
Gospel) ;  i.  (leg.)  to  object.  2.  to  ask 
an  important  question,  esp.  in  Parlia- 
ment. 

*  to  summon  before  a  tribunal. 
Aff.  -anza  or  .azione. 


INTERPETRE— INTOSTIRE 


321 


For  derivation 

Inter-petre  or  -prete  m.;  as  E.  Aff.  Inter- 
petr-abile  or  Interpret-abile,  -are,  -ativame"nte,  -ativo, 
•azioncella  ditn.,  -azione. 

Elym.  L.  inter-pres,  -pretis,  where  -tret  is 
frot.  akin  to  Gothic  frnthi,  good  sense,  O.H.G 
fruot,  sensible,  Lith.  protas,  good  .sense. 

tlnterpico  7«.;=Impaccio,  embarrassment. 

Interpol-are  ind.  interpolo ;  as  E.  Aff. 
•atncSnto,  -atamente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Etytn.  L.,  <. inter, +folire,  to  polish,  so  that 
the  original  meaning  was  to  furbish  up,  put  a  fresh 
polish  on  ;  hence  to  put  a  new  appearance  on  by  an 
interpolation. 

Interp6rre,  for  conjug.  v.  Porre ; 
to  interpose. 

Aff.  Interpos-itore,  -izioncella  dim.,  -izidne. 
Interprete  and  deriv. ;  v   Interpetre. 

Interpunzidne  / ;  =  Punteggiatura, 
putting  stops. 

Interrare  ind.  interro;  I.  to  bury. 
2.  to  supply  fresh  earth  to.  3.  (mil.}  to 
build  earthworks.  4.  to  raise  the  bed 
of  a  river  with  earth  and  stones.  5.  to 
dirty  with  earth.  6.  —  i  panni,  to  apply 
fuller's  earth  to  cloth  so  as  to  remove 
grease. 

Intend  or  Interr^ge  m. ;  (hist.}  in- 
terim ruler  of  Rome  in  the  time  of  the 
kings,  between  the  death  of  a  king  and 
the  election  of  a  new  king.  The  title 
was  also  used  by  the  Archbishop  in 
Poland  while  the  throne  was  vacant. 

Interrigno  m.  (L.);  as  E. 

Interrimdnto  m. ;  filling  up  with 
earth. 


Interrog-are  ind.  interrogo  (L.,  v.  Rogare)' 
as  i..  Aff.  -ativaminte,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice 
-atono,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Inter-rimpere;  for  conjug.  ».  Rompere  (L.); 
to  interrupt.  Aff.  -rottam^nte,  -ruttore,  -ruzidne. 

Intersec-are  iud.  interseco ;  to  intersect. 
Aff.  -amento,  -azione  or  Inter-sezione. 

lnterstizi-om.(L.ineersti/;:itn,<i>r/er  status 
fart,  of  sisters,  to  place) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ale. 

Intertendre,  for  conjug.  v.  Tenere;  =  Tratten- 

*  Intertesto;  =  Contessuto,  interwoven, 

Intertrfgine/  (L.,<inter,  terere^o 
rub);  (med.}  redness  where  folds  of  skin 
are  rubbed  together. 

Intertropicale;  as  E. 
•Interusurio  >«. ;  compound  interest. 

Intervallo  m.  (L.,  lit.  the  space  between  the 
rampart  of  a  camp,  vallum,  and  the  tents);  as  E. 

Interv6nio  m.  •  fault  in  a  vein  of 
mineral. 

Interven-ire,  for  conjug.  v.  Venire ; 
i.  to  intervene.  2.  to  happen.  3.  to 
attend.  Aff.  -to  or  -zione. 

Intervist-a/  ;  interview.  Aff.  -are, 
-atore. 

Interzare;  i.  =Sterzare,  to  divide 
rateably.  2.  =Rinterzare,  to  repeat  for 
the  third  time.  3.  to  treble.  4.  to 
alternate. 

Interzinare ;  to  bottle  wine  in  small 
bottles  termed  Terzini. 

Int6s-a  /  ;  i.  secret  agreement. 
2.  Star  sull'  -,  or  sull1  -e,  to  watch 
closely. 

*i.   Metier  le  -e,  to  give  out,  announce,     ii.  atten- 
tion. 

*  Intesaurare  ;  to  enrich. 
•Inteschiato;  i.  obstinate,     ii.  enraged 
•Intesire:  to  sequestrate. 

Intes-o  ;  part.  Intendere.     Ben  — , 
quite  agreed.        -   alle   sue   faccende, 
H. 


of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

occupied  with  his  own  affairs.     Siamo 
-i,  it  is  agreed. 

Intess-ere;  to  inweave.  Aff.  -ime"n- 
to,  -itura. 

Intestabile ;  incapable  of  making  a 
will. 

Intest-are  ind.  intesto  (It.  testa) ; 
i.  to  enter  (an  item)  against  a  person's 
account.  2.  tr.  make  an  entry  in  the 
Catasto,  register  of  property.  3.  to  con- 
vert bonds  to  bearer  into  registered 
bonds.  4.  to  head  (a  page)  with  the 
proper  heading.  5.  to  join  two  timbers 
together  in  one  line,  by  their  heads. 
6.  to  fix  the  head  of  a  beam  in  its  place 
in  a  wall.  7.  —  una  catena,  to  attach 
a  chain  to  a  building  for  the  purpose  of 
strengthening  it.  8.  to  embank  a  river. 
9.  -arsi,  to  be  obstinately  determined. 


Intest-ato;  i.  part.  -are.     2.  intestate 

Intest-atura,  -azi6ne  / ;  v.  -are.  Linea 
a  -azione,  head-line. 

Intestin-o  (L.,<mter,  within);  as  E.  Aff. 
-ale. 

Intesto;  sync.  part.  Intessere, 

intiba/  (L.,<Gr.  eVru/Soi.) ;  (&tf.)  =  Endivia, 
endive. 

Inticchire;=Intristire,  to  sadden. 


Int-iepid-ire  or  -epid-ire  ind.  -isco ; 
to  warm. 

Intidro  ;  v.  Intero. 

Intigliare ;  of  hemp,  to  form  a  good 
stalk. 

Intign-are;  to  become  moth-eaten. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Intim-are  ind.  intfmo(mlt.  intimare, 
to  introduce, <\J.intimus};  i.  as  E.  2.  to 
ordain ;  —  il  concilio,  to  convoke  the 
council.  Aff.  -atore,  -azidne. 

Intimid-ire  ind.  -isco;  as  E.  Aff.  -azione, 
-imento. 

Intim-o  (L.  intimus,  super!,  adj.,  <  intus 
within);  i.  intimate.  2.  farthest  from  the  coast  or 
frontier,  inmost.  3.  Poesia  -a,  i.e.  dealing  with  the 
inmost  affections.  4.  Consigliere  — ,  privy  coun- 
cillor. Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ilk. 

Intimor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  awe.     Aff.  -imdnto 
Intimpan-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  swell  like  a  drum 
Aff.  -ime"nto. 

Intfngere  perf.  intinsi,  part,  intinto 
(L.,  v.  Tingere);  i.  to  dip  into  a  liquid, 
e.g.  a  pen  in  ink,  to  moisten,  to  soak. 
2.  —  in  una  cosa,  to  have  a  share  in  it 
or  of  it ;  C'  intingi  ancora?  will  you  have 
some  more  of  this  (to  eat)?  3.  Fradicio 
intinto,  wet  through. 

Intingol-o  m.  ;  hash,  fancy  dish, 
usu.  more  or  less  spreg.  like  E.  kick- 
shaws. Aff.  -e"tto  dim. 

Intint-o;  f>arL  Intingere. 
Intirann-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  tyrannise. 

Intirizz-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  intero,  or 
interito,  in  sense  of  compact,  stiff) ;  to 
become  stiff,  numb,  usu.  with  cold.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Intisich-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  be 
consumptive.  2.  fig.  to  be  in  despair, 
utterly  miserable.  3.  of  plants,  to  -do 
badly,  e.g.  for  want  of  light.  4.  tr.  to 
impoverish,  cause  to  pine  away. 

Intitol-are  ;  t.  to  entitle,  name. 
2.  to  dedicate.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azidne. 

Intoccabile ;  impossible  to  touch. 


simple  word. 

tIntoccare;=Abbrustolire,  to  singe. 

Intogliare;  v.  Intugliare. 

Intollcr-abile ;  as  E.     Aff.  -abilmente,  -ando 
insufferable,  -ante,  -antemente,  -anza. 

tlntdmito  m.;  bulge  in  clothes  from  something 
underneath. 

Inton-abile;  v.  -are. 


Intonac-are  ind.  intonaco  (**in- 
tum'care,<L.  tunica,  v.  Tonaca) ;  to 
plaster,  whitewash.  Attaccarsi  all'  -ato, 
or  a'  rasoi,  to  lay  hold  of  anything  in 
desperation.  Aff.  -atura,  -o  sb. 

Inton-are  ind.  intono  (A)  (It.  tono); 
i.  to  give  the  fundamental  note  to  an 
orchestra.  2.  to  begin  a  song  ;  II  tenore 
intono  perfettamente  la  cavatina,  the 
tenor  started  the  air  with  which  he 
went  on  the  stage  with  perfect  pre- 
cision. 3.  to  intone  a  chant.  4.  to 
tune  an  instrument.  5.  -aria  troppo 
alta,  to  begin  on  too  high  a  note; 
fig.  to  take  up  a  position  one  cannot 
maintain. 

(B)  (L.  intonare,  v.  Tono,  B) ;  lit. 
to  speak  like  thunder.  GF  -6  una 
risposta  co'  fiocchi,  he  roared  out  an 
answer  to  him. 

*to  write  the  music  for  a  song.  Aff.  -atore, 
-azione. 

Intonchiare ;  to  be  infested  with 
worms,  z/.  Tonchio. 

Intonso  ;  i.  unshaven.  2.  (book) 
uncut  at  the  edges. 

Intont-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be,  or  make 
dull,  v.  Tonto. 

*  Intopaziare  ;  to  give  the  colour  of  a  topaz. 

Intopp-are  ind.  intoppo ;  to  stumble 
against,  lit.  stumble  over  a  block,  Top- 
po.  Aff.  -o  si.,  hindrance. 

*  Intorarsi ;  to  become  a  bull  or  like  a  bull. 

Intorb-are  ind.  intorbo  ;  to  make 
turbid,  v.  Torbo.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Intorbid-are;  i.g.  Intorbare.  Aff.  -amento 
-atore. 

Intorment-ire  (Indormentire)  ind. 
-isco  (It.  in,  dormentare,  the  d  becoming 
t  under  the  influence  of  Tormento) ;  to 
benumb  (a  limb),  send  it  to  sleep.  Aff. 
-ime"nto. 

Intorniare  ind.  int6rnio;  i.q.  At- 
torniare,  to  surround. 

Intdrno  (It.  in,  torno,  circling)  ; 
i.  round.  2.  Stare  —  a  uno,  to  be 
watching  for  an  opportunity  to  get 
something  from  him.  3.  approximately; 
—  Natale  verremo,  we  will  come  about 
Christmas-time.  4.  —  a,  on  the  subject 
of;  Lavora  da  un  pezzo  —  a  quel  qua- 
dro,  he  has  been  working  on  that  picture 
for  some  time.  5.  D'  ogni  — ,  on  every 
side. 

Intorpid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  become  torpid. 
Aff.  -ime'ntp. 

*Intorri-are,  *-onare:  to  fortify  with  towers. 

Intorsi6ne/;  (tot.)  twisting  upon  itself. 
•Intort-icciare,  '-igliare  ;=A«ort-. 

Intorzolare;  =  [ncatorzolire,  to  shrivel. 

Intoscan-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make,  or 
become  Tuscan. 

*  Intossicare  ;  =  Attossicare,  to  poison. 

Intost-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
indurated. 

41 


322 


INTOZZIRE— INUMIDIRE 


to    grow 


Intozz-ire    ind.     -isco  ; 
dumpy. 

Intra  (L.);  poet,  for  Tra. 

*  Intrabescarsi;    i.  =  Innamorarsi.      tii.=Con- 
fondersi,  to  be  at  a  loss. 

tlntrabiccolarsi  (It.  trabiccolo);   to  climb  up 
with  a  risk  of  falling  down. 

*  Intracciglio  m.  ;  space  between  the  eyebrows. 
'Intrachiudere;  i.  to  shut  in.     ii.  to  prevent. 
*Intraddire;=Interdire,  to  interdict. 

Intraducfbil-e  ;  untranslatable.  Aff. 
-mente. 

*Intrafatto;  =  A(fatto,  quite. 
Intrafinefatta  (Intrafattafme);  instantly. 
Intralasciare;  =  Tralasciare,  to  neglect. 

Intralci-are  (either  <  It.  tralcio, 
branch,  or  a  contr.  of  intra-allacciare, 
cp.  Sicilian  dial,  intirlazzari,  Fr.  entre- 
lacer)  ;  to  impede,  tangle.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

*Intramesso  tti.',  extra  dish,  extra  course  of 
food. 

*  Intramett-ere;  i.  to  interpose,   u.  to  intermit. 
iii.  -ersi,  to  intervene,     iv.  as  s6.  ,  =  Intramesso. 

Intramezzare  ;  =  Tramezzare. 
tlntrampalare;  =  lnciampare  e  perder  1    eqm- 
librio,  T'.  Trampalo. 

Intransigente  ;  uncompromising. 
Intransitiv-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

*  Intrappolare  ;  to  trap,  v.  Trappola. 

Intraprendenza/  ;  enterprising  dis- 
position. 

Intrapr6nd-ere,  for  conjug.  v.  Prend- 
ere  ;  to  undertake,  -ente,  enterprising. 

*i.  to  intercept,  ii.  =Comprendere,  to  include. 
AJf.  -imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

Intrapr^sa/;  i.g.  Impresa,  under- 
taking. 

Intrapr^so  ;  part.  Intraprendere. 

*Intra-re;    i.  =  Entrare.      ii.  =  Tesare,    to   d_raw 
taut.     *-rompere  ;  =  Interrompere.     *-segarsi;  = 
Intersecarsi.     *  -segna  /  ;  =  Insegna. 
Intrasgredibile  ;  inviolable  (law). 

*  Intratagliare  ;  to  cut  off. 

*  Intratessere  ;  to  inweave. 
Intrattabil-e;  intractable.    Aff.  -ita. 

Intratten-6re,  for  conjug.  v.  Te- 
nere;  i.  =  Trattenere,  to  keep  waiting, 
detain.  2.  to  amuse.  3.  -ersi,  to  linger 
over. 

*i.  =  Mantenere.   ii.  =Tenere  insperanza.    iii.  -ersi 
=  Farsi  le  spese,  to  make  good  one's  expenses. 
Ajf.  -imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

*  Intravata  f.',  barrier  made  of  beams,  Travi. 

Intra-ved^re  or  -vved^re  ;  to  have 
a  glimpse  of. 

Intra  vers-are  ind.  intraverso;  i.  i.g. 
Attraversare.  2.  (agric.}  to  cross-plough. 

3.  (carpent.)  to  cross-plane.    Part,  -ato, 

4.  crossed.    5.  hindered.    Aff.  -amento, 
-atura. 

*  Intravestire  ;  =  Travestire,  to  disguise. 

*  Intraviluppare  ;  =  Avviluppare,  to  wrap  up. 

Intravvedere  ;  v.  Intravedere. 
Intrawenire  ;  i.q.  Intervenire  (2), 
to  happen. 

*  Intrearsi;  to  form  a  trinity,  D.  Par.  13.  57. 

t  Intrebescare  ;  to  speak  an  unknown  language. 

Intrecci-are  ind.  intre'ccio  ;  to  inter- 
lace, interweave,  plait.  —  le  gambe,  to 
cross  one's  legs. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  *-atoio  inter- 
laced ornament  for  the  hair,  -atura. 

Intr^ccio  m.  ;  i.  intermingling,  usu, 
fig.,  as  of  events  mutually  interacting. 
2.  plot,  of  a  story  or  play. 

*Intrefolarsi;  =  Confondersi,  to  be  confused. 

Intregn-are  ititi.  intregno;  (;«<tr.)=Imbottire 
(2).  Aff.  -atura. 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the  simple  word. 

to  stun  with  noise,  v.  Trono  (B).  *part. 
-ato,  cracked,  ruinous.     Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Intronfiare  ind.  intronfio;  to  become 
haughty. 

Intronizz-are ;    to  enthrone.     Aff. 


*  Intreguare  ;  to  make  a  truce. 

*  Intrementinare  ;  to  spread  turpentine  upon. 

*  Intrementire  ;  to  terrify. 

*  Intremirsi ;  to  be  seized  with  alarm. 

Intremotato ;  fearful,  awful. 

Intrepid-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ezza  or  -ita. 


Intrescare  ind.  intrdsco ;  to  tangle 
up. 

Intric-are  ind.  intrico  (L.,  <  in, 
tricae,  perplexities,  v.  Strigare);  to  en- 
tangle. Aff.  -ato  adj.,  as  E.,  -atamente. 

Intridere  per/,  intri-si,  part,  -so  (a 
back  formation  <  L.  intri-tus,  part,  of 
in-terere,  to  grind  down ;  for  terere,  v. 
Trapano);  I.  to  form  into  a  paste  with 
water.  2.  part.  Intriso,  imbrued  (with 
blood). 

*  Intriduray:;  complex  entanglement. 

Intrig-are  ind.  intrfgo  (var.  of  In- 
tricare);  i.  to  get  in  a  tangle.  2.  to 
intrigue.  3.  -arsi,  to  be  mixed  up  (in 
an  affair). 

Aff.  -ante  sb. ;  -atamdnte;  -o  i.  in- 
trigue. 2.  entanglement ;  -one  person 
fond  of  intrigues. 

Intrinsecarsi  ind.  m'  intn'nsico ;  to 
be  intimately  acquainted. 

Intrinsec-0  (L.  intrinsecus,  lit.  fol- 
lowing inwards, <.**intrim,  akin  to  in- 
tra,  +  secus,  lit.  following,  akin  to  sequi, 
to  follow,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sequence);  i.  as 
E.  2.  intimate.  Aff.  -amente,  -hdzza. 

Intrippare  ;  to  stuff  with  food,  v. 
Trippa. 

Intriso;  i.  part.  Intridere.  As  sb., 
2.  dough.  3.  mortar.  4.  plaster  (before 
being  laid  on). 

Intrist-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  tr.  or  intr.  to 
sadden ;  of  plants,  not  to  thrive.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

*Introcque  (L.  inter  lioc ) ;  in  the  meantime. 

Introdotto;  part.  Introdurre.  *As  j£.,  =  In- 
troducimento. 

Introduc-ibile,  -imento///.;  v.  Introdurre. 

Intro-durre  ind.  -duco,  per/,  -dussi,  part. 
-dotto  (L.  introducers,  v.  Duca);  to  introduce. 

Aff.  -dultivo,  -duttore,  -duzioncella  or  -cina 
dims.,  -duzione. 

Introfidsso;  (bot.)  curved  inwards,  introflexed. 

Introgol-are  ind.  introgolo ;  to  make 
a  mess  upon,  lit.  upset  the  trough  upon, 
v.  Trogolo.  Aff.  -one  messy. 

Introiare  ind.  introio  ;  to  make  a 
filthy  mess,  v.  Troia. 

Introibo  ad  altare  Dei  ;  the  beginning  of 
Mass. 

Introitare  ind.  introito ;  to  encash. 

Intrbito  m. ;  I.  the  beginning  of 
Mass,  before  the  priest  goes  up  to  the 
altar.  2.  introit,  prayers  sung  before 
the  Kyrie.  3.  encashment.  4.  begin- 
ning, coming  on,  e.g.  of  evening.  5.  place 
of  entrance,  e.g.  to  a  harbour. 


Intromessa/!;  i.q.  Intromissione. 
Intromesso;  pttri.   Intromettere.     *As  sb.,= 
Piatto  di  mezzo,  Fr.  entremets. 

Intro-m^ttere,  for  conjug.  v.  Met- 
tere  ;  to  bring  in.  Aff.  -mettitore,  -mis- 
sione  intervention. 

Intron-are  ind.  introno  or  intruono ; 


-azione. 

Intrdrso;    (hot. )   introrse,    turned   inwards   to- 
wards the  axis  to  which  it  appertains. 

Introvabile;  impossible  to  find. 

Intrudere  per/,  intru-si,  part,  -so  (L.  ;  for 
trutterc,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Threat) ;  as  E. 

*  Intrufolare;  =  Grufolare,  to  poke  about  in. 

Intrugli-are  (L.  trulla,  scoop  for 
taking  wine  from  the  cratera  to  put  into 
the  drinking-cups,  dim.  of  trua,  a  skim- 
mer, which  is  either  akin  to  Or.  ropiivr/, 
stirrer,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Twirl,  or,  as  wooden 
spoon,  to  an  Indogerm.  **dereu,  wood, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Tree) ;  I.  to  mix  wine  with 
other  liquor  of  inferior  quality.  2.  -arsi, 
to  make  oneself  dirty.  3.  -arsi  lo  sto- 
maco,  to  upset  one's  stomach  by  bad  or 
unsuitable  food  or  medicine.  4.  fig.  -arsi, 
to  mix  oneself  in  unpleasant  business. 
5.  —  un  discorso,  to  make  a  speech 
which  is  self-contradictory,  confused. 

Intnigli-0  in. ;  I.  mixture  of  liquids. 
2.  medley.  3.  intrigue.  Aff.  -one  person 
who  fakes  up  wine  ;  fig.  intriguer. 

Intrupp-arsi ;  spreg.  to  join  com- 
pany with.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Intrusatp;  dark. 

t Intruschiarsi  (bit.  **  intntsicnlare,  dint.<l^. 
intrusus)',  to  intrude  oneself. 

Intrusi6ne/;  as  E.  Intruso;  i.  part.  In- 
trudere. 2.  as  so.,  interloper. 

*  Intuarsi ;    to  make  oneself  one  with  thee,  cp. 
Immiarsi. 

Intuba  /;  (L.);  =  Cicoria,  endive. 

*  Intufare  ;  to  acquire  an  unpleasant  odour. 

Intuffare ;  to  dip. 

Intugliare  (said  to  be  a  var.  of  In- 
tuarsi) ;  (mar.)  to  shackle  (a  chain), 
unite  two  lengths  (of  chain)  together,  to 
bend  (two  hawsers)  together. 

Intugliatura./;  (mar.)  bends  for  bending  two 
hawsers  together.  —  con  gassa  d'  amante,  two  bow- 
lines. —  con  gassa,  mezzo  parlato  e  legatura,  half- 
hitch  and  seizing.  —  con  mezzi  parlati,  half-hitches 
with  seizings. 

Intu-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  \ntu\\,  parts. 
intu-ente  -ito  ;  to  perceive  by  intuition, 
instantly. 

Intuitiv-o;  as  E.     Aff.  .amente. 

Intlii-to  111.  ;  I.  intuition.  2.  A,  or 
Per  —  d!  uno,  at  his  suggestion. 

Intuizidney'. ;  i.i.g.  Intuito.  2.(eccl.) 
vision  by  which  the  blessed  in  Heaven 
see  God. 

Intumescenza/  (L.);  swelling. 

Intumid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  swell. 

tlntuntare  ;  to  take  up  grease  with  bread. 
Inturgid-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.q.  Intumidire. 

*  Intuzzare ;—  Rintuzzare. 
Inubbidiente ;  disobedient. 

*  Inugellare  ;=  Ingrullire,  to  grow  silly. 

*  Inuggiolire;  =  Inuzzolire. 

Inuguale  ;  i.q.  Ineguale,  unequal. 

Inulayt;  (&>£)=  Enula,  elecampane. 

Inulto  (L.);  unavenged. 

Inuman-o;  inhuman.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

*  Inumare  (L.);  to  bury. 

Inumid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  moisten. 


INURBANO— INVISCERARSI 


323 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  •with  In  see  the  simple  word. 


Inurban-0  ;  rude.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Inus-ato  or  -itato  ;  disused,  obso- 
lete. 

*Inusto(L.);  scorched. 
Inutil-e ;  useless.     Aff.  -it:!,  -mente. 

Inuzzol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  arouse  a 
desire.  2.  to  tantalise,  v.  Uzzolo. 

Invacch-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  of  silk- 
worms, to  swell  up  and  die,  lit.  to  turn 
into  cows.  2.  fig.  of  one  whose  early 
promise  ends  in  nothing.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Invadere  per/,  inva-si,  fart,  -so;  as  E. 

*  Invag-are;=  Invaghire.     Aff.  *-hicchiare  dint. 

Invagh-ire  ind.  -isco  (Invagare) ;  to 
make  fond  of.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Invaiolare  (Invaiare);  of  grapes,  to 
turn  black,  ?/.  Vaio  (3). 

Inval6re,  used  only  in  3rd  pers., 
viz.  pres.  invale,  imperf.  invaldva,  perf. 
invalse,  fut.  invarra,  subj.  invalga,  perf. 
subj.  invalesse,  part,  invalso;  to  gam 
value  or  position,  to  become  estab- 
lished. 

Invalid -o;  i.  not  able-bodied,  2.  not  valid. 
Ajf.  -abile,  -amente,  -amento,  -are  to  invalidate, 
-azio'ne,  -ita. 

Invaligiare ;  to  pack  up. 

Invallarsi ;  of  water,  to  flow  down, 
or  into,  a  valley. 

*  Invalorire  ;  i.  =  Avvalorare.     ii.  to  gain  vigour. 

Invalso  ;  part.  Invalere. 

Invan-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  be,  or  make, 
vain,  silly.  *to  vanish. 

Invano ;  in  vain. 

Invarcabile;  impassable. 

Invari-abile ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abilita,  -abilmente, 
-ato. 

Invas-are  (A)  (L.invasus,  attacked); 
to  obsess.  (B) ;  (mar.}  to  put  a  ship 
upon  the  cradle. 

*i.  to  put  in  a  vase.    ii.  to  swallow.    Aff.  -amento. 

Invasatura  f. ;  (inar.)  i.  launching-cradle. 
2.  in//.,  bilge-ways,  timbers  for  supporting  the  ship 
in  launching. 

Invas-idne^C;  as  E.     Aff.  -ore  invader. 

Invecehi-are ;  to  make,  or  grow,  old. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Invecchign-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  look 
old. 

*  Invecchiuzzare  ;=  Indozzare,  to  pine. 

Inve'ce;  instead. 

*  Inveceria ./;  silliness. 

*  Inveggia./;  =  Invidia, 

*  Invegliare(A);=  Invigilare.  (B);=Invecchiare. 

Inve-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  inveho,  v. 
Veicolo) ;  to  inveigh. 

Invelare  ind.  invdlo ;  (mar.)  to  put 
on  a  press  of  sail. 

Invelen-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  embitter, 
irritate. 

Invend-fbile  ;  unsaleable,  -icato  ; 
unpunished,  -uto;  unsold. 

Invenia/  (L.  in  veniam,  as  it  were, 
act  of  asking  pardon) ;  =  Moina,  gesture 
of  humility. 

*i.   asking  for  pardon,    ii.   genuflection. 

Invent-are  ind.  invento ;  to  invent. 
-ariare ;  to  make  an  inventory,  -arfno 


m. ;  dim.  of  -ario.  -ario  in. ;  inventory; 
Benefizio  d'  -ario,  ?'.  Benefizio  (5). 
-ariuccio  m.  ;  dim.  spreg.  of  -ario. 
-at6re  m.  ;  inventer  (in  bad  sense). 
-ivaf.;  inventive  faculty,  -ivo  ;  as  E. 
-6ne  m.,  -6na  f. ;  inventer  (of  fictions). 
-6re  m.,  -rice_/C ;  inventor. 

*  Inventrarsi ;  to  penetrate  into  the  heart  of. 

*  Inventurato ;  fortunate. 

Invenust-o ;  inelegant.  Aff.  -am- 
e'nte,  -k  sb. 

Invenzi6n-e  f.\  as  E.  Aff.  -cella  or  -cina 
dims. 

*  Inver;  for  Inverso,  towards. 

*  I  nverarsi ;  to  enter  into  the  true  nature  of. 

Inverberirsi  ind.  m'  inverberisco ; 
to  become  angry. 

Inverd-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
green. 

Inverec6nd-o  ;  immodest.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -ia. 

Invergatura  /  ;  (mar.)  i.  =  Croci- 
ame.  2.  =Inferitura,  head  earing. 

Inverisim-igliante  or-ile;  unlikely. 
Aff.  -iglianza,  -ilme'nte. 

Invermigliare ;  to  redden. 

Invermin-are  ind.  invermino,  or -ire 
ind.  -isco;  to  turn  maggoty.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Invern-accio  pegg. ;  -ale  adj. ;  -arsi 
to  last  through  the  winter;  -ata  f.  win- 
ter with  its  accompanying  incidents.; 
-ataccia  /  pegg.,  -atina  /  dim.,  of 
-ata;  v.  -o. 

Invemici-are ;  to  varnish.  Aff.  -ata, 
-atina  dim.,  -atdre,  -atura. 

Inverno  m. ;  winter. 

Etyin.  Cogn.  Fr.  kiver,  Provenc.  n'frns,  Span. 
invierno,  <  L.  hibernum  (tempiis),  <** him-ertnis, 
where  him-  corresponds  to  Gr.  ^et^-tui',  winter,  \i-tttv, 
snow,  Sanskr.  hima.s,  cold  weather,  root  ghim ; 
-emits  is  an  adjectival  suffix. 

Invero;  i.q.  Davvero,  indeed. 

Invero-simiglianza,  -simile  ;  v.  In- 
veri-. 

Invers-amente;  inversely.     -idneyT;  v.  In- 

vertire. 

Inverse  (A) ;  pop.  for  Verso,  to- 
wards. 

(B)  (L.  inversus,  part,  of  Invertere); 

1.  inverse.     2.  (arithm)  inverted  (frac- 
tion).    3.  All'  inversa,  backwards. 

In  vertebrate ;  as  E. 

Invert-ire  ind.  inverto  or  invertisco,  perf. 
invert-ii,  part,  -ftp;  i.  to  invert,  2.  to  reverse  (an 
engine).  Aff.  -ibile,  -imento. 

Invesc-are  ind.  invdsco;  =Invischi- 
are.  Perch'  io  un  poco  a  ragionar 
m'  inveschi,  if  I  entrap  myself,  i.e.  allow 
myself  to  be  caught  by  the  temptation 
of  talking  at  some  little  length.  D.  Inf. 
13.  57.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Investibile;  ready  for  investment. 
Investig-are  ind.  investigo  (L.,  v.  Vestigia); 
as  E.     Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 
Investimento    in. ;     i.     vbsb.    of    Investire. 

2.  (mar.)  running  aground.     3.    (mil.)  investment 
(of  a  fortress). 

Invest-ire  ind.  investo  ;  i.  to  invest 
(a  person)  in  an  office  or  with  a  privi- 
lege. 2.  to  invest  (money).  3.  to  assail, 
e.g.  with  a  cannonade.  4.  of  cavalry,  to 


charge.  5.  of  a  horse  or  carriage,  to 
run  over  (a  person)  in  the  road.  6.  intr. 
Un  vapore  devio  e  -\  in  una  casa,  an 
engine  went  off  the  line  and  ran  into  a 
house.  7.  -irsi,  to  come  into  collision. 
8.  -irsi  d'  un  personaggio,  of  an  actor,  to 
identify  himself  with  the  character  he  is 
representing,  to  give  a  life-like  repre- 
sentation of  it.  Similarly  of  a  high 
official,  -irsi  dell'  autorita,  to  behave 
conformably  with  his  position. 

*i.  to  hit  (the  mark  aimed  at),  ii.  =Star  bene, 
Star  a  do%'ere.  Dire  che  alia  donna  non  fosse  bene 
-ito,  to  say  that  the  woman  did  not  receive  the 
treatment  she  deserved ;  Omero  non  assomiglia  a 
Stallone,  non  che  Ettore,  ma  ne  anche  Paride  suo 
fratello,  a  cut  troppo  bene  sarebbe  stato  -ito... ,  whom 
the  simile  would  have  suited  only  too  well. 

Etym.  L.  ,</«,  vestis,  dress,  lit.  therefore,  to 
clothe ;  hence  Jig.  to  clothe  with  authority,  and 
secondly  to  surround  in  hostile  sense,  thirdly  to 
attack,  and  lastly  to  run  over  in  the  street. 

Investituray:;  investiture,  esp.  in  the  feudal 
sense. 

Inveterate  (L.);  as  E. 

Invetri-are  ind.  inve'trio,  inve'tri ;  to 
glaze.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Invetriata  f. ;  glass  door,  window 
or  skylight,  any  frame  filled  with  panes 
of  glass,  usu.  Vetrata. 

Invetriatura/;  glaze. 

Invettiva/  (L.,<in,  vehere,  v.  Vei- 
colo); invective. 

Inviare  (cogn.  Fr.  emwycr,  <  L.  in, 
via) ;  to  send. 

Inviato;  i.  part.  Inviare.  2.  as^., 
envoy. 

Invidi-a  (L.,</«,  videre,  to  look  upon,  viz. 
upon  something  one  cannot  have,  or  with  evil  in- 
tent, cf.  E.  overlook,  in  sense  of  bewitch) ;  envy. 

Aff.^  -abile,  -are  (used  D.  Inf.  26.  24  as  meaning 
to  deprive),  .attire,  -atrice,  -osaccio  pegg.  of  -oso, 
-osamente,  -osello,  -osetto  0r-osino  dims.,  -tfso  i.  en- 
vious, 2.  invidious,  3.  of  a  harvest,  patchy,  good  in 
some  places,  not  in  others,  -osuccio  dim.  spreg., 
-uccia  or  -nzza  dim. 

Invido;  poet,  for  Invidioso. 

Inviet-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  become 
rancid,  v.  Vieto. 

Invigilare  ind.  invi'gilo ;  to  watch. 

Invigliacch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
a  coward. 

Invigor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  invigorate.  AJf, 
-ime'nlo. 

Invil-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  to  lower,  usii. 
morally,  to  lower  the  tone  of.  2.  =Rin- 
vilire,  to  lower  the  price  of.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Invillanirsi  ind.  m'  invillanisco;  to 
become  boorish. 

Invilupp-are ;  to  wrap  up.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -o  wrapper. 

*  Inviminare  ;  to  make  a  protection  with  hurdles. 
Invincibil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Invincid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  be,  or 
make,  soft. 

Invi-o  /;/. ;  vbsb.  of  -are,  sending. 

Inviolabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Inviolate;  as  E. 

Inviper-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  grow  in- 
tensely angry. 

Inviscerarsi ;  to  plunge  deeply  (into 
a  subject). 

41—2 


324 


INVISCHIARE— IPPONA 


For  derivation 

Invischi-are ;  lit.  to  catch  with  bird- 
lime, but  usu.  in  fig.  sense,  -arsi,  to  be 
entangled  in  the  meshes  of  a  vicious 
habit.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Inviscid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
viscid.  Aff.  -imento. 

Invisibil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Inviso  (L.,  <  invidere,  to  look  a- 
skance  at) ;  hated. 

Invisp-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  brisk. 

Invitare  ind.  invfto(A);  i.  to  invite. 
2.  at  play,  to  settle  the  amount  of  the 
stakes.  3.  to  challenge  to  a  match. 

Etym.  L.  invitare,  cp.  invitus,  unwilling,  the 
prefix  being  in  the  first  intensive  or  excitatory,  in 
the  other  privative,  see  the  note  to  In  as  a  prefix, 
p.  305  ;  the  base  vit-  is  the  L.  equivalent  of  the  root 
qvoi,  seen  in  old  Prussian  qitoitit,  to  wish,  Sanskr. 
keta-s,  desire,  invitation,  challenge,  Gr.  *oirai  = 
yvvaucMv  eTriflu/iiat,  Kicrera,  the  yearning  of  a  pregnant 
woman ;  also  probably  in  Latin  f is,  thou  wishest. 
For  qu  >  L.  v,  cp.  Gr.  tcarrvos,  =  L.  vapor,  v.  Walde, 
sttb  Invito. 

(B)(It.  vite,  screw);  to  screw  up. 

Aff.  to  (A);  Invit-abile,  -ativo,  .atore. 

Invitat6ri-o  ;«. ;  I.  antiphon  recited 
at  the  beginning  of  the  Service  for  the 
dead,  beginning,  Regem  cui  omnia  vi- 
vunt,  venite  adoremus.  2.  Familiarly, 
L'  —  dei  diavoli ;  Di  male  in  peggio 
venite  adoremus,  an  expression  used 
when  things  are  going  from  bad  to 
worse.  3.  as  adj.,  Lettere  -e,  the  Papal 
invitations  to  the  Bishops  to  attend  a 
Council. 

Invitatura/.;  vttb.  of  Invitare  (B),  screwing 
up. 

Invlt-0  m.  (vbsb.  of  -are,  A);  i.  in- 
vitation ;  —  sacro,  church  notice  posted 
up  on  a  church  door.  2.  stake  proposed 
at  play,  v.  -are  (2).  3.  challenge,  v. 
-are  (3).  4.  Tenere  1'  — ,  to  accept  the 
stakes  proposed  or  the  challenge.  5.  a 
short  flight  of  two  or  three  steps  leading 
to  a  staircase. 

Invitto  (L.  imrictus) ;  unconquered, 
but  often  rather  meaning  unconquer- 
able. 

Inviziare ;  to  accustom  to  a  vice  or 
bad  habit. 

Invizz-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.q.  Avvizzire, 
to  shrivel. 

Invoc-are  ind.  invoco;  to  invoke.  Aff.  -abile, 
•ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azi<5ne. 

Invogliare  ind.  invoglio  (A) ;  to  in- 
spire with  a  wish.  *(B) ;  to  wrap. 

Inv6glio  m.  (Invoglia  /.)  (**invol- 
culum,  a  variant  of  L.  involucrum)  ; 
i.  wrapper.  2.  bundle.  3.  (6ot.)=ln- 
volucro. 

Invol-are  ind.  involo ;  to  steal.  *i.  to 
steal  from  sight,  to  hide,  D.  Inf.  26.  42. 
ii.  -arsi,  to  steal  out  of  sight. 

Invblgere  ind.  invol-go,  -gi...,  perf. 
invol-si,  part,  -to  or  -uto  (L.  involvere) ; 
i.  to  wrap  up.  2.  to  involve.  Aff.  In- 
volgime'nto. 

*  Involgime  m.  ;  bundle. 

*  Involio  m. ;  theft. 
Involontari-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Involpare  ind.  involpo;  =Ingolpare, 
to  turn  smutty. 


of  compounds  beginning  with  In  see  the 

Involp-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  grow  cun- 
ning (like  a  fox). 

Involt-are  ind.  involto ;  to  wrap  up. 
Aff.  -at  a,  -ati'na  dim. 

Involtfno  in. ;  parcel. 

Invblto;  i.  part.  Involgere.  2.  as 
sb.,  package. 

Involucre  m. ;  i.  (bot.)  as  E.     2.  — 
di   caldaia,   shell   plating   of  a   boiler. 
3.  —  di  forno,  flue  of  a  furnace.     4.  - 
di  fumaiolo,  air-casing  of  a  funnel. 

*  Involuppare  ;=  Invilnppare,  to  wrap. 

*  Invulgare  ;  to  render  famous. 
Invulnerabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

Inzaccher-are  ind.  inzdcchero ;  to 
splash.  Aff.  -atore. 

Inzafardare  (for  **  ingifardare,  < 
O.H.G.  gifarwit,  part,  of  farwjan  to 
stain,  cp.  Fr.  fan/,  paint  for  the  face, 
Germ.  Farbe,  colour)  ;  to  smear. 

*  Inzaffare  ;  i.  =  Turare,  Zaffare,  to  plug.    tii.  = 
Mestare,  Mesticciare. 

*  Inzafferanare  ;  to  sprinkle  with  saffron.  _ 

*  Inzarfirarsi  ;  to  become  blue,  as  a  sapphire. 

*  Inzampagliato  ;  entangled. 

*  Inzampognare  ;  to  deceive,  cozen. 

Inzavardare;  =  Inzafardare,  to  make 
greasy. 

Inzavorrare  ind.  inzavorro;  to  load 
with  ballast. 

Inzebbare ;  =lnzeppare,  to  stuff  with 
food. 

Inzepp-are  ind.  inze'ppo;  i.  to  drive 
in  a  wedge.  2.  by  ext.,  to  fill  very  full, 
esp.  to  stuff  with  food.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

*  Inzibettato  ;  perfumed  with  civet. 

*  Inzigare ;  =  Istigare,  to  instigate. 
Inzimino  m.  ;  =  Zimino,  sauce. 

Inzipillare  (A)  (for  Insibillare);  to 
prompt,  to  urge. 

*(B)  ;  =  Inzeppare,  to  stuff. 
*Inzoccolato  ;  person  wearing  clogs. 

Inzolf-are  ind.  inz61fo  ;  or  Insolf- 
are  ;  I.  to  dress  with  sulphur.  2.  to 
fumigate  with  sulphur.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Inzolfatdio  m. ;  I.  bellows  for  sul- 
phuring. 2.  place  where  sulphur  is 
burnt  in  preparing  silk,  sulphuring- 
room. 

Inzotich-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make,  or 
become,  clownish. 

Inzozzare ;  to  ply  with  drink. 

Inzucc-are;  i.  of  wine,  to  get  into 
one's  head.  As  re/I.,  -arsi  2.  to  get 
half  drunk.  3.  to  fall  in  love.  4.  to  be 
obstinately  determined. 

Inzuccher-are  ind.  inzucchero;  i.  to 
sprinkle  with  sugar.  2.  Jig.  to  sugar. 
Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

Inzufolare  ind.  inzufolo  ;  to  insti- 
gate, to  prompt. 

Inzupp-are;  i.  to  dip  in  any  liquid. 
2.  to  make  thoroughly  wet,  to  soak. 
Aff.  -dbile,  -ame'nto. 

t  Inzurlire  ;=Inuzzolire,  to  tantalise. 

lo  (A)  (L.  ego,  v.  Skeat,  sub  I);  pronoun,  I. 
(B)  (L.,  <  Gr.  Ita);  excl.  of  joy  and  triumph. 

Iddio  m.  (named  from  the  violet  colour  of  its 
vapour,  Gr.  top,  violet);  (chfm.)  iodine. 


simple  -word. 

Ibidey:  (from  the  Gr.  letter  v);  (anal.)  hyoid 
bone. 

I611a  or  Idlay:  (lolo  m.)  (Danish  jolle,  boat); 
(mar.')  jolly-boat. 

lonadattico  (prob.  compounded  from  lonico 
and  Attico);  describing  a  kind  of  slang,  such  as 
calling  a  bed  Bedfordshire. 

lonio;  (geogr.)  Ionian. 
*Iorno  ?«.;  =  Giorno,  day. 

I6sa  (etyin.  unkn.)  ;  A  —  ,  in  abundance. 

losciaminay.  ;  hyoscin,  v.  Giusquiamo. 

I6ta  m.  (Gr.  name  of  the  letter  I,  <  Hebrew); 
as  E. 

lotacismo  fti.  ;  mispronunciation  of  the  letter  I. 


clles 


. 

loule  in.  imiecl.  (from  the  name  of  the  Man- 
sster  scientist)  ;  joule,  unit  of  electrical  "work." 
*  lovare  ;  =  Giovare,  to  assist. 

Ipallage/;  (gram.)  hypallage,  Gr.  for  inter- 
change, when  the  ubvious  sense  of  a  phrase  is  not  its 
strict  grammatical  meaning,  as  Virgil's  dare  classibvs 
austros,  to  give  the  winds  to  the  fleets,  meaning  of 
course  "give  the  fleets  to  the  winds." 

Ipato  (Gr.  iiTraros);  highest,  a  title  of  Jupiter. 

IpecacuanayC  (from  the  native  Brazilian  name 
ipl=peb,  small,  +  kaa,  plant,  +guatta,  causing  sick- 
ness); as  E. 

Iperbato  tn.  (Gr.);  transposition  of  words  from 
their  natural  order. 

Iperbol-e^  (Gr.);  hyperbole.  Aff.  -eggiare, 
-eggiatore,  -icamente,  -ico,  -oide. 

Iperbdreo  ;  Hyperborean. 

Ipercatalettico  ;  (verse)  with  an  extra  final 
syllable. 

Ipercritico  (Gr.);  hypercritical. 

Iperdulia  f.\  idolatry  of  Saints. 

Iperestesia/^;  hyperaesthesia. 

Iperico  ;«.  ;  (hot.)  St  John's  wort, 

Ipermetro  ;  i.q.  Ipercatalettico. 

Ipertrofiayi  (Gr.)  ;  hypertrophy. 

Ipndt-ico  (Gr.);  hypnotic.  Aff.  -ismo,  -ista, 
-izzare. 

Ipocausto  ;«.  (Gr.)  ;  chamber  whence  heated 
air  is  distributed. 

Ipocistide  f.  ;  (hot.)  Cylinus  hypocistis,  a 
parasitical  plant  growing  on  the  roots  of  Cistus 
Monspelicnsis. 

Ipocondr-ia  f.  (Gr.)  ;  hypochondria,  morbid 
depression.  Aff.  -iaco. 

Ipoc6ndrio  m.  (Gr.);  (itmit.)  hypochondrium. 

Ipocrasso  (Ippocrasso)  tit.  (<  the  name  of 
Hippocrates);  aromatic  medicated  wine  formerly 
much  used  as  a  curdial. 

Ipocri-sia  /.;  as  E.  Aff.  Ipocri-ta,  -taccio 
pegg.,  -tamente,  -tino  dim.,  -one  augm. 

Ipoderm-a  in.  ;  i.  (anat.)  hypoderm.  2.  grub 
under  the  skin  of  an  animal.  Aff.  -ico. 

Ipofosfito  m  ;  {client.')  hypophosphite. 

Ipogastr-io  in.  ;  (anat.)  hypogastrium.  Aff. 
-ico. 

Ipogeo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  sepulchre. 

Ipomeayi;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  convolvulus,  Ipo. 
inoea. 

Ipom6clio  nt.  (Gr.)  ;  support  for  a  lever,  ful- 
crum. 

Ip6st-asi  or  Ipostasi  /  (Gr.)  ; 
i.  (tkeol.)  substance.  2.  (tned.~)  sedi- 
ment. Aff.  -aticame'nte,  -atico. 

Ipot6c-a/  (Gr.  viroSriKr))  ;  mortgage. 
Aff.  -abile,  -are,  -ariamente,  -ario. 

Ipotenusa./  (Gr.  vrrorecVoutra)  ;  (geom.)}\y- 
pothenuse. 

Ipot-esi  f.  (Gr.  uirofletris)  ;  hypothesis.  Aff. 
-eticamente,  -etico. 

Ipotipbsiy^  (Gr.)  ;  vivid  description  of  a  scene. 

Ipotrofiayl  (Gr.)  ;  insufficient  nourishment. 

Ippagro  in.  (Gr.);  wild  horse. 

Ippiatrlayl;  veterinary  science. 

Ippico(Gr-);  of  horses. 

Ippocampo  m.',  sea-horse,  Hippocampus, 
locally  termed  Caval  marin,  Cavalo  main,  Cavallucci 
de  mare,  Cavaduzzu  marinu. 

Ippo-castano  or  -castano  m.;  (bot.) 
horse-chestnut,  usu.  Castagno  d'  India. 

Ippocentauro  nt.  ;  i.q.  Centauro. 

Ippocrasso;  v.  Ipocrasso. 

Ippdcrat-e;  Hippocrates  the  Greek  physician. 
Aff.  -ico  looking  very  ill,  -ismo,  -ista. 

Ippocreneyl;  i.  the  fountain  of  the  Muses,  so 
called  because  springing  where  the  hoof  of  Pegasus 
struck  the  ground,  hence  2.  fig.  poetry.  3.  Ranoc- 
chi  d'  —  ,  sorry  poets. 

Ipp6dromo  tn.  (Gr.  );  hippodrome. 

Ippofag-fa./(Gr,)  ;  eating  horse-flesh.  Aff.  -o. 

Ippogrifo  in.  (Gr.);  hippogriff. 

Ipp6nayl;  Bon,  in  N.Africa.  Vescovo  d'  —  f 
Augustine. 


IPPOPOTAMO— ISTERICO 


325 


Ippopdtamo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  hippopotamus. 

Ipsil-on  or  -6nne  m.\  the  Gr.  letter  v. 

Ips6metro  m.  (Gr.);  hypsometer. 

Ira  f.  (L.);  ire.  Dire  —  di  Dio  d'  uno,  to 
speak  against  him  in  every  possible  way.  Tocco  or 
Pezzo  d'  —  di  Dio,  scoundrel. 

I  race  m.',  rock  rabbit,  Hyrax. 

Irac6nd-o;  prone  to  anger.  Aff. 
-amente,  Iracondia. 

Iranico ;  of  Iran,  Persian. 

Irascibil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 
Irat-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Ircano;  Hyrcanian.  Mare  — ,  the 
Caspian  sea. 

Irco  m.  (L.  hircus,prob.  for  **ktrc- 
tus,  akin  to  hirsutus,  lit.  therefore 
hairy) ;  goat. 

Ire ;  only  used  in  infin.  and  in  part. 
-ito  (L.,  root  ez\  to  go);  to  go.  Badare 
a  — ,  to  go  on  and  finish.  Fare  a  ite 
e  venite,  to  conduct  business  on  ready- 
money  principles. 

freos  m.  (corr.  of  L.  iris ) ;  =  Giaggiolo,  Floren- 
tine iris.  Polvere  d'  — ,  orris  root  tooth-powder 
(where  orris  is  an  E.  corr.  of  ireos). 

Iride./  (L.,<Gr.  ?pi«,  rainbow);  i.  rainbow. 
2.  (aunt,  and  hot.)  iris  ;  for  the  plant  v.  Giaggiolo. 

Iridescen-te  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -za. 

I  ridio  m.  (so  called  from  the  iridescence  of  some 
of  its  solutions);  (chem.)  iridium. 

Iringo  m. ;  (&^.)  =  CalcatreppoIa,  eryngo. 

Irione  m.\  (bot.)  a  species  of  hedge-mustard, 
Sisymbrium  trio. 

Irlanday^;  Ireland. 

Irocche'se;  Iroquois. 

*  Irondine  _/I;  =  Rondine,  swallow. 

Iron-fa  yC  (L.,  <GrM  <€ipw»',  dissembling,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Irony);  as  E.  Aff.  -icamenie,  -Sco. 

Ir6s-o  (It.  or  L.  ira)  ;  wrathful.     Aff.  -amente. 

Irrabbios-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  enrage. 

Irracontabile  ;  impossible  to  tell. 

Irradi-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azione. 

Irraggi-are  ;=Irradiare. 

Irragionevol-e  ;  irrational.    Aff.  -£zza,  •me'nte. 

Irrancid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  go  rancid.  Aff. 
•ime'nto. 

Irrappresentabile  ;  impossible  to  represent. 

Irrazional-e  ;  irrational.     Aff.  -ita. 

Irreconciliabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita'. 

Irrecuperabil-e ;  irrecoverable.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 

Irrecusabil-e ;  impossible  to  refuse. 
Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Irredentista ;  partisan  of  the  idea 
of  obtaining  Trieste  and  the  neighbour- 
ing district  for  Italy. 

Irredento ;  unredeemed,  esp.  in 
political  sense,  if.  Irredentista. 

Irre-dimfbile ;  unredeemable,  -ducl- 
bile ;  as  E. 

Irrefragabil-e ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ita, 
-me'nte. 

Irrefrenabil-e ;  impossible  to  curb. 
Aff.  -me'nte. 

Irrefutabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

Irregolar-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.-\\.\  -mente. 

Irreligi6-ne_/!;  as  E.   Aff,  -same"nte,  -situ,  -so. 

Irremissfbil-e ;  impossible  to  remit.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 

Irremovibil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  •me'nte. 

Irremunerabile ;  impossible  to  return  ade- 
quately. 

Irremunerato ;  unremunerated. 

Irreparabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -me'nte. 

Irreperibile  ;  impossible  to  find  again. 

Irreprensibil-e  ;  irreproachable.    Aff.  -me*nte. 

Irrepugnabil-e ;  unquestionable.  Aff.  -ita, 
-me'nte. 

Irrequiet-o  ;  unquiet.     Aff,  -ame'nte,  •c'zza. 

Irresipolirsi ;  to  become  erysipelatous. 

Irresistibil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -me'iiie. 

Irresolu-to ;  as  E.  Aff.  -tamente,  -tlzza, 
-zfone. 

Irrespirabile  ;  as  E. 

jrresponsabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 


Irret-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  snare  in  a 
net,  v.  Rete. 

Irrev-erente  ;  v.  Irriv-. 

Irrevocabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -it&,  -me*nte. 
*  Irricchire;  =  Arricchire,  to  enrich. 

Irriconoscfbil-e  ;  unrecognisable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Irridere  ;  to  deride. 

Irri-ducibile  ;  v.  Irre-. 

Irriflessi-6ne/;  want  of  reflection.     Aff.  -vo. 

Irriformabile;  unreformable. 

Irrig-are  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -ame*nlo,  -atore, 
-aturio,  -azione.  Etym.  I,.,  <  in  +  rigare,  to 
moisten. 

Irrigid-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  stiffen. 

Irriguo;  irrigable. 

Irrilevan-te  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -za. 

Iwimediabil-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Irrimutabile  ;  immutable. 

Irris-i6ne  /  ;  derision.  Aff.  -ivo, 
-o*re,  -oriame*nte,  -orio. 

Irrit-are  ind.  irrito;  asE.  Aff.  -abile,  -abiliia, 
-ato"re,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.,  of  doubtful  origin.  Perhaps  akin 
to  O.H.G.  reizzen  (>Germ.  rezzen,  to  excite),  old 
Icelandic  reita,  to  excite.  Or  it  may  be  an  intensive 
from  hirrlo,  (imit.)  to  snarl. 

Irrito  (L.  irritus^  adv.,  in  vain,  <  in, 
not  +  ratus,  fixed,  determined);  void,  of 
no  effect. 

Irritrattabil-e  ;  irrevocable.  Aff. 
-ita,  -me'nte. 

Irritros-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  jib,  v. 
Ritroso. 

Irriusclbile  ;  impossible  of  success. 

Irrivelabile  ;  impossible  to  reveal. 
Irriveren-te  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

*Irroccarsi  ;  to  seize  a  site  and  for- 
tify it. 

Irrog-are  ind.  irrogo  ;  to  inflict  (a 
penalty).  Aff.  -azione. 

Irr6mpere  ;  for  conjug.  v.  Rompere;  to  burst 
in. 

Irrorare  ind.  irroro  ;  to  bedew,  v.  Rorare. 
*  Irrubinare  ;  to  impart  the  appearance  of  a  ruby. 

Irru6nte  ;  rushing  in. 
Irruggin-ire  ind.  -isco;=Arruggin- 


ire,  to  rust. 

*  Irrugiadare  ;  i.  to  bedew, 
Ir 


*  Irrugiadare  ;  i.  to  bedew,     ii.  to  sprinkle. 
Irruvjd-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  grow  rude,  rough. 
Irruzi6ney^;  irruption. 

Irsuto  (L.,  v.  Irco);  hairy. 

Irto  (L.  hirtus,  prob.  for  **hirctus, 
v.  Irco)  ;  thorny,  bristling,  rugged, 
shaggy. 

Isa  (perhaps  <  It.  issare,  to  hoist)  ;  an  exclama- 
tion when  about  to  lift  a  heavy  weight  with  the 
assistance  of  others,  or  said  to  a  child  as  one  hoists 
him  up. 

Isabella;  i.  yellowish  white;  the  word  refers 
to  the  story  of  the  vow  of  the  Archduchess  Isabella, 
daughter  of  Philip  1  1  ,  at  the  siege  of  Ostend(i6oi  —  4), 
that  she  would  not  change  her  linen  till  her  husband 
Albret  had  reduced  the  town.  2.  Legno  —  ,  (bot.) 
red  laurel  of  Carolina,  Lanrus  borbontca. 

Iiag6ge_/  (Gr.  fitraywy^);  introduction. 

Isara  ;  the  river  Isere,  an  affluent  of  the  Rhone. 

I&atide/;  (&tf.)  =  Guado,  woad. 

Isb-,  Isc-  etc.  Many  Italian  words 
beginning  with  S  impure,  when  pre- 
ceded by  a  word  terminating  in  a 
consonant,  have  an  I  prefixed  for 
euphony,  e.g.  Iscusa,  Isdegno  for 
Scusa,  Sdegno.  Such  words  are  to 
be  sought  under  the  letter  8. 

Isch(ade_/C;  (nted.)  sciatica. 
Ischio  m.  (A)  (Gr.  ttrvtoi',  socket  of  the  hip- 
joint);  (anat.)  ischium,     "(B);=Eschio,  oak. 

Iscrlvere  perf.  iscrissi,  part,  iscritto 
(L.  /«jrr#£/v,  v.  Scrivere)  ;  i.  to  inscribe. 
2.  (as  a  var.  of  Scrivere)  to  write. 

*  Per   iscritto,    by   prescription,   unalterably,    D. 
Purg.   2.  44  (if  this  is  the  right  reading). 


Iscrizidn-e./;  inscription.     Aff.  -ac 
•celta  or  -cina  dims. 

*  Iscrutabile  ;  inscrutable. 

Iscurfa,/  (Gr.  Urjpvpfe);  (tned.)  retention  of 
urine. 

tlsderto;— Svelto,  nimble. 

Isiac-o;  belonging  to  Isis.  Tavola  -a,  an 
Egyptian  tablet  in  the  Turin  museum  representing 
the  ceremonies  of  the  worship  of  Isis. 

f  side /I;  Isis,  the  Egyptian  goddess. 

Islam,  Islam-itico,  -ismo  ;  as  E. 

Island-a/;  Iceland.     Aff.  -ese. 

Isobaric-o;  Linee  -he,  lines  of  equal  baro- 
metric pressure. 

Isftcolo  tn.  (Gr.  ttros,  equal,  KM\OV,  limb) ; 
equality  of  syllables  between  two  parts  of  a  sentence, 
as  Quando  vedrete  scorrere  il  sangue  a  rlvi,  quando 
vedrete  sorgere  la  strage  a'  monti. 

Is6cron-o  ;  isochronous.     Aff.  -ismo. 

Isdgono  (Gr.)  ;  with  equal  angles. 

tsolay!  (L.  insulaj<**en  salo,  ff  *v 
uAi  oucra,  cp.  Lith.  sala^  island,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Insular);  I.  island.  2.  connected 
block  of  houses  surrounded  on  all  sides 
by  streets. 

Isolamento  m.;  isolation. 

Isolan-o  ;«.,  -ayC  ;  islander. 

Isolate  ind.  isolo  (It.  isola);  i.  to  isolate. 
2.  to  insulate. 

Isolario  ;  i.  descriptive  of,  or  related  to,  islands. 
2.  as  sb. ,  geography  of  a  group  of  islands. 

Isolate  m. ;  =  Isola  (2),  block  of 
houses. 

Isol-at6re  tn.,  -atrice_/C;  vbsbs.  of -are. 

Isol-etta.  -ina  f.\  dims,  of  -a.  -6tto  ;«.; 
island  of  middle  size. 

Isomer-ia  f.  (Gr.);  (chew.)  identity  of  per- 
centage composition  between  two  different  bodies. 
Aff.  -ico,  -ismo. 

Isonne  {prob.  by  aphaeresis<Elei- 
sonne);  A  — ,  in  profusion. 

Isoperimetro  (Gr.);  with  equal  circumference. 
Isopo  ;  v.  Issopo. 
Is6scele  (Gr.)  ;  isosceles  (triangle). 
Isotermico  (Gr.) ;  isothermal. 
Ispan-o  or  -ico  ;  Spanish. 
Ispett6r-e  m.  (L.);    inspector.     Aff.  -ato    in- 
spectorship. 

Ispezion-are/«rf.  ispeziono;  to  inspect.  Aff.  -e. 
Ispida  f.\  —  Piombino,  kingfisher. 

tspido  (L.  hispidus,  prob.  akin  to 
hircus,  v.  Irco);  shaggy,  bristly. 

Ispir-are  (L.);  i.   to   breathe.     2.  to  inspire. 
Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione. 
Israel-ita  m. ;  Israelite.    Aff.  -itico. 

Issa  (A) ;  Fare ,  to  jeer  at  one 

who  has  failed  in  his  purpose  by  drawing 
one  forefinger  along  the  other. 

*(B)  (L.  ipsd^  sc.  hord}\  now. 

Issare  (Dutch  kissen,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hoist);  to 
hoist. 

IssiayC;  (bot.)  Ixia,  a  genus  of  Cape  Irida- 
ceae. 

*Iaso;,  =  Esso,  he. 

Issofatto  ;  =  L.  ipso  facto,  immediately, 
t  Issolon  m. ;  a  species  of  clam,  Venus  ckione. 

Issbpo,  IsOpO  m.  (L.,<Gr.  UO-O-WTTOC, 
<  Hebrew  ezobh,  which  however  was 
not  hyssop);  (bot.)  hyssop,  Hyssopus 
officinalis. 

*  Issuto  ;  1.  =Essuto,  Stato.     ii.  =Andato. 

*  Istabile ;  unstable. 

Istadico  w.;  =  Ostaggio,  hostage. 

Istantane-o  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
Istant-e  m.\  instant.     Aff.  -entente. 

Istanza/(L.);  i.  insistence.  2.  pe- 
tition, usu.  in  writing.  3.  (leg.)  instance ; 
Tribunale  di  prima,  seconda,  terza  — , 

*  I  stare  (L,  instare)  ;  to  insist. 

Istaurare;=Instaurare,  to  set  up. 

Ister-ico  (L.,<Gr.  v<rr^pal  womb,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Hysteric);  hysterical.  Aff.  -ismo  hysteria. 


326 


ISTIGARE— KUMMEL 


Many  Italian  words  beginning  with  S  impure,  when  preceded  by  a  word  terminating  in  a  consonant,  have  an  I 
prefixed  for  euphony,  e.g.  Iscusa,  Isdegno  for  Scusa,  Sdegno.    Such  words  are  to  be  sought  under  the  letter  S. 


Istig-are  ind.  istigo  (L.,  root  stig,  to  prick, 
v.  Distinguere);  to  instigate.  Aff.  -amento,  -atdre, 
-atrice,  -azlone. 

Istillare;  /../.  Instil lare,  to  instil. 

Istint-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  instinct.  Aff. 
-ivam^nte,  -ivo. 

Istitu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  to  insti- 
tute. *to  train.  Aff.  -to,  -zi6ne. 

Istitut6re  m. ;  i.  founder.    2.  tutor. 

I stm -o  or  Ismo  (L. ,  <  Gr.  iatyuis,  narrow 
passage,  akin  to  10/u.a,  a  step,  root  «',  to  go) ;  as  E. 
Aff,  -ico. 

*Isto;  =  Questo,  this. 

Istolog-ia  f.  (Gr.t<i<rr(K,  web);  histology, 
microscopic  anatomy.  Aff.  -ico. 

Istdria/.;  i.g.  Storia. 

Istoriare  ind.  istorio;  to  paint  his- 
torical pictures. 

Istori6grafo  m.  (Gr.);  official  historian. 

Istradare ;  =  Avviare,  to  place  on 
the  right  road. 

Istrice  m.  (L.,<Gr.  £O-T/H£,  perhaps 
<  vs,  pig,  +  6pi£,  bristle) ;  porcupine, 
Hystrix  cristata. 

Istri6n-e  ///.  (L.  histrio^  cp.  Sanskr. 
hasas,  laughter) ;  comic  actor.  Aff. 
-icame'nte,  -ico. 

Istridtto  ;  inhabitant  of  Istria. 

Istru-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  istruii, 
part,  istruito  or  istrutto  (L.) ;  to  in- 
struct. 

Istrument-ale ;  as  E.  -are;  i.  to  make  a 
written  contract.  2.  to  write  instrumental  music, 
-ario  ///. ;  instrument  cupboard,  -atura  or  -azi6ne 


f.\  (tfius.)  instrumentation.  -o;«.;  as  E.  -uccio  w. ; 
dim.  sfireg.  of  -o. 

Etym.  L.  instrnmentum^  lit.  tool  for  con- 
structing, z>,  Skeat,  sub  Structure. 

Istrutt-ivo ;  instructive.  Aff.  -amente,  -ore, 
-orio  (/eg.}  instructional. 

Istruzi6n-e/;;  instruction,     Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Istupid-ire  ind,  -isco;  to  make,  or  become, 
stupid. 

Itacista  m.\  one  who  pronounces 
the  Gr.  T;  as  an  (Italian)  /,  v.  Etacista. 

tltalay^;  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sciarrano  (3). 

Italian-o;  as  E.  Aff.  -accio  Pfgg.,  -amente, 
-eggiare  ind.  -6ggio  to  take  up  Italian  ways,  -ismo, 
-ita,  -i/zare  to  give  an  Italian  form  to. 

I  tali -co;  i.  =Italiano;  Lingue  -che,  the  lan- 
guages of  ancient  Italy.  2.  italic  characters  in 
printing. 

Itali6ta  m.\  Greek  settler  in  Italy. 

Iter-are  ind.  itero  (L.,  <  iterttm, 
again,  <  the  pronominal  base  /',  as  in 
L.  /j,  he,  with  comparative  suffix  -ter)\ 
to  repeat.  Aff.  -atame'nte,  -ativo,  -azi6ne. 

Itinerario  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Itinerant);  as  E. 

Ito ;  Part.  Ire. 

Itterl-ziay;  (L.  icterus,  <Gr.  i*T«poy,  jaun- 
dice); (med.)  jaundice.  Aff,  -co. 

Ittero  m.  (L.  icterus,  <.  Gr.  Iierepof,  which  was 
some  yellow  bird);  —  a  spalline  rosse,  red-winged 
starling,  Agelaeus  phoeniceus,  also  termed  Agelaio 
dalle  ali  rosse,  Ittero  dalle  cuopitrici  rosse. 

Ittiocblla  /  (Gr.  Ix6vs,  fish,  xoXXn, 
glue);  isinglass. 

Ittibfago  (Gr.);  fish-eating. 

Ittiolo-gia  f.  (Gr.);  ichthyology.  Aff.  -gico, 
-go. 

Ittiosauro  rtt.  (Gr.);  ichthyosaurus,  a  fish-like 
fossil  lizard. 


lucca  f.  (from  the  Carib  name  of 
the  plant) ;  (dot.)  Yucca. 

Iiigero  (Giugero)  m.  (L.  jugerum, 
akin  to  jungo,  jugum,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Yoke ;  the  lit.  meaning  may  be  either 
"continuous  area"  or  the  area  which  a 
yoke  of  oxen  will  plough  in  a  day) ; 
about  a  quarter  of  an  acre. 

lura,  Latin,  n.  pi.  of  /us;  law,  as  a 
profession,  D.  Par.  n.  4. 

lurassico;  (geol.)  Jurassic. 

lusquesito  m.  (L.);  (leg.)  acquired 
right. 

lussibne/;  (leg.)  command. 

luta  /  (Bengali  word);  jute,  the 
fibre  obtained  from  Corchorns  capsularis 
or  from  C.  olitoritts,  v.  Coicoro. 

Iva  /  (tot.)  (A)  (O.H.G.  twa,  -u. 
Skeat,  sub  Yew) ;  i .  (hot. )  yew-tree,  Taxus 
baccata.  2.  wall-germander,  Teucriiini 
chamaedrys.  3.  yellow  bugle,  Ajuga 
chttmaepitys,  also  termed  Ivartetica. 

Ivart^tica/;  v.  Iva  (3). 

Ivi  (L.  t'6t,<  pronominal  stern  i-  as 
in  is,  he,  with  locative  suffix  -bi  as  in 
alibi);  there;  in  making  references  it 
is  often  used  to  indicate  a  place  men- 
tioned just  previously. 

•Izza/  (O.H.G.  hiza..  v.  Skeat,  su6  Heat);  = 
Stizza,  anger. 


3m.;  pronounced  I  lungo;  this  letter 
has  the  force  of  a  double  I,  but  is  no 
longer  used  in  Italian.  To  distinguish, 
e.g.  Tempi  times  from  Tempi  temples, 


J 


the  latter  is  now  often  marked  with  a 
circumflex,  Tempi,  the  old  practice 
having  been  to  write  Tempj. 


All  old  words  with  initial  J  which 
are  entered  in  this  book  will  be  found 
with  initial  I. 


K 


K  m.;  pronounced  Cappa  or  pop. 
Ca.  This  letter,  like  J,  is  unknown  in 
modern  Italian,  except  in  a  few  foreign 
words. 

Kakatbe  m. ;  cockatoo. 


Xantiano  ;  of  the  doctrine  of  Kant. 

Kantscu  m.  (Chinese) ;  lash,  whip. 

Kermes ;  v.  Chermes, 
Kino  m. ;  a  medicinal  gum. 

Kipur  m.  (Hebrew  word);  religious  dispensa- 
tion, indulgence. 


Kirsche  or  Chirsce  m. ;  a  German 
liquor. 

Krak  m. ;  bankruptcy. 

Krumiro  m. ;  v.  Crumiro. 

Kummcl  tit. ;  a  German  liquor  flavoured  with 


L— LACRIMA 


327 


L,  pronounced  Elle,  m.;  or,  lettera 
being  understood,  fern.  Popularly  /  is 
often  changed  into  r,  e.g.  Porso  for  Polso, 
and  is  also  either  added  or  taken  away 
from  the  beginning  of  a  word,  e.g.  Un 
lamo,  for  Un  amo  ;  La  listessa,  for  L'  is- 
tessa;  Un  aberinto,  for  Un  laberinto. 

Abbreviations  :  V.L.,  voce  latina  ; 
L.C.,  luogo  citato  ;  P.Q.L.,  pose  questa 
lapide  ;  LI. Mm.,  Le  loro  Maesta  ; 
Ll.AA.,  Le  loro  Altezze  ;  L.  it.,  Lire 
italiane;  L.  st.,  Lire  sterline.  In  ancient 
inscriptions  L  may  be  Lare,  Ludi, 
Liberto,  Legione,  Lucio.  As  a  numeral 
the  Roman  L  is  50,  the  Greek  L  30,  or 
with  a  bar,  30,000. 

tDialectically  L  is  changed  into  n, 
as  Antro  for  altro;  or  substituted  for  r, 
as  Er  cardo  for  il  caldo. 

La/;  def.  article  (L.  ilia}.  As  an 
enclitic  it  is  used  after  many  verbs  and 
has  to  be  translated  by  supplying  the 
substantive  required.  Svignarsela,  sc. 
la  via  or  la  casa,  to  clear  out.  Farcela, 
sc.  vita,  to  live.  In  quel  posto  ce  la  fa 
abbastanza  bene,  life  there  is  comfort- 
able enough.  L'  ha  fatta  grossa,  sc.  la 
mancanza  or  la  sciocchezza,  he  has 
committed  a  gross  fault.  It  also  stands 
for  Lei,  or  Ella,  she,  her,  or,  according 
to  the  Italian  mode,  you.  La  smetta, 
la  mi  faccia  il  piacere,  will  you  be  good 
enough  to  leave  off?  And  pleonastically 
L'  e  lei  la  cattiva,  you  are  unkind. 

La  ;K.  ;  (/««*.)  the  A  of  the  German  or  English 
notation.  For  the  origin  of  the  term,  v.'  Do. 

La  (L.  iliac]  ;  there.  Sta  Ik  da 
S.  Frediano,  he  lives  close  to  the 
church  of  St  F.  Quando  lo  vidi  1'  ul- 
tima volta  s'  era  Ik  di  carnevale,  the 
last  time  I  saw  him  was  somewhere 
about  the  Carnival.  Piii  Ik,  further 
away.  Lk  oltre,  further  on.  Di  la, 
into  the  other  room.  Di  Ik  da,  the 
other  side  of.  Un  milione  che  e  di  Ik 
da  venire,  a  million  that  is  never  likely 
to  come.  Mondo  di  Ik,  the  other  world. 
Rimanere  al  di  Ik,  to  remain  over  there. 
Gli  e  al  di  Ik  dell'  impossibile,  it  is  be- 
yond the  bounds  of  possibility.  Piii  di 
Ik  che  di  qua  dal  dispiacere,  almost 
beside  oneself  with  grief.  Non  ando 
tanto  in  Ik  che  lo  fermarono,  he  did 
not  go  very  far  before  he  was  caught. 
Voltati  in  Ik,  in  a  moment,  before  you 
have  time  to  turn  round.  Si  mise  a 
dire  che  era  un  qui,  che  era  un  Ik,  we 
began  calling  him  this,  that,  and  the 
other.  Fatevi  in  la,  go  further  off. 
Tirare  in  Ik,  to  go  on  for  a  long  time. 
Mandare  in  Ik,  to  delay,  e.g.  the  fulfil- 
ment of  some  pledge.  Ne  vuol  saper 
piii  Ik  che  non  sia  permesso,  he  wants 
to  know  too  much.  In  Ik  cogli  anni, 
advanced  in  years.  E  un  pezzo  in  Ik 
colla  cantata,  she  is  an  old  person  to 
be  still  singing.  Di  Ik  da  bene,  super- 
latively well.  D'  ora  or  Da  oggi  in  Ik, 


henceforward.  Dall'  in  Ik  v'  e  mio, 
beyond  that  point  it  is  my  property. 
Dall'  in  Ik  non  so  altro,  beyond  that  I 
can  say  nothing.  Non  farsi  d'  una  cosa 
nd  in  qua  ne"  in  la,  to  be  indifferent  to 
it.  Andar  Ik  Ik,  to  go  very  slowly.  Lk 
Ik,  in  health  or  business,  so  so.  Va  Ik, 
patience  !  Se  rendessero  almeno  una 
parte  di  quel  che  pigliano,  va  Ik,  if  they 
would  restore  at  any  rate  some  of  what 
they  take,  one  might  put  up  with  it. 
La  per  Ik,  instantly,  v.  LI  (3). 

*Lab-andina,  -arda;  v.  Alab-andina,  -arda. 
Labardata  f.  ;  blow  with  a  halberd. 
Labaro  m.  (L.);  the  Labarum  of  Constantine, 
after  he  became  a  Christian. 

•Labbiay:  (L.  labia,  lips);  i.  visage,    ii.  human 
form,  D.  Inf.  25.  21.     iii.  in/*/.,  lips. 
Labbiatey://.;  (&>'•)  Labiatne. 
Labbo  m.  ;   skua  gull,  Lestris,  also 
termed  Stercorario. 

Labbraccio  m.;  pegg.  Labbro.  II 
mondo  e  tutto  tuo  e  tu  1'  abbracci, 
scherz.  pop.  to  a  person  with  thick  lips, 
the  last  word  punning  into  Labbracci. 

Labbrat-a/;  blow  on  the  lips.  Aff. 
-one  augm. 

*  Labbreggiare  ;  to  move  the  lips,  as  in  prayer. 
Labbr-ettino,  -etto,  -icciu&lo,  -ino;  dims. 
vezz.  of  -o. 

Labbr-0  (Labro)  m.  (A)  (L.  labruni), 
pi.  Labbri  m.  or  Labbra/  ;  i.  lip,  edge  ; 
-a  di  ciuco,  thick  lips  ;  —  di  tubo,  pipe 
flange  ;  Fare  il  —  ,  to  pout.  2.  (mar.*) 
liordato  a  —  ,  clincher-built.  3.  —  di 
Venere,  (hot.}  teasel,  Dipsacus  sylveslris. 

(B)  (L.  labrus,  v.  Labrace);  wrasse.  Species: 
(rt)  —  carneo,  red  wrasse,  Labrus  carneus,  locally 
termed  Liba.  (^)  —  festivo,  blue  striped  wrasse, 
Labrits  ffstivus,  locally  termed  Liba,  Donzela,  Pa- 
paga, Sera,  Turdu  zittu  impiriali.  (c)  —  merlo, 
cook  wrasse,  Labrus  merula,  locally  termed  Liba, 
Donzeia,  Papaga,  Tenca  de  mar,  Turda  d'  area. 
(d)  —  pavone,  ballan  wrasse,  Labrus  pavo,  locally 
termed  Donzela  di  grotta.  (e)  —  torto,  comber 
wrasse,  Labrus  turdws,  locally  termed  Liba,  Don- 
zela, Papaga,  Tordo  de  mar. 

Aff.  -olino  dim.,  -<5ne  or  -6tto  au%m.,  -uccio  or 
•uzzo  dim. 

Labdacisrno  lit.  ;  v.  Lamdacismo. 

Labdano  or  Ladano  m.;  ladanum  gum,  from 
the  gum  cistus,  Cisttts  Creticus. 
•Labe  A  ( 


, 

•Labe  A  (L.);  =  Macchia,  stain. 
*  Labefattare  (L.);  to  weaken. 


*  Labere  (L.  labere,  to  totter)  ;  to  glide. 

Laberinto,  Labirinto  m.  (Gr.);  i.  labyrinth. 
2.  at  the  game  of  Oca,  one  of  the  squares,  numbered 
42,  from  which,  with  a  throw  of  8,  the  game  is  lost 
and,  with  a  throw  of  12,  won. 

Labi-ale  (gram.\  -ato  (Arf.)j  as  E. 


Labil-e  (Labole)  (L.)  ;  unsteady. 
*i.  disposed  (towards),  ii.  fragile.  AJf. 
-itk. 

•  Labina  f.  ;  rocky  debris. 

*  Labio  tft.  (L.);  i.  lip.     ii.  =  Bacino,  basin. 
Labiodentale  ;   (gram.*)   labiodental,    viz.    F 

or  V. 

Labirinto  ;  v.  Laberinto. 
•Labole;  v.  Labile. 

LaboratorioorLavoratorio  «/.;  i.  laboratory. 
2.  large  workshop. 

Labori6s-o  :  i.  industrious.  2.  laborious. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Labrace  »;.  (L.  labrus,<Gr.  Aolpot,  greedy); 
bass  (fish),  Labrax  lu/nis.  locally  termed  Haciolo, 
Branzin,  Ragno,  Spinola,  Spinota,  Varolo. 

Labrdstino  »«.;  =  Abrostino,  wild  vine,  La- 
bruscutti. 

tLabru  nt.  ;=Mupgine  chelone,  mullet. 

Laburno  MI.  ;  (hot.)  \.  laburnum,  r.  Citiso. 
2.  —  fetido,  fetid  bean  trefoil,  Anagyris  /ftida. 


Lacca/  (A)  (Persian  lac,  v.  Lacmo) ; 
lacquer  varnish.  Cera  — ,  sealing-wax. 
—  in  scaglie,  or  —  piatta,  shell-lac. 

(B)(O.H.G.Manca, flank);  i.  haunch 
of  an  animal.  2.  slap  with  the  hand. 

*(C)  (etym.    dub.  ;    words  possibly   cognate   are 
O.H.G.  la/ika,   pool,  Gr.  Aa«co?,  tank,   L. .locus); 

1.  low-lying  ground,  hollow,  D.  Inf.  7.  16.     ii.  bank, 
D.  Inf.  12.  n.     iii.  (atiat.)  popliteal  space,  ham. 

ti.  serious  loss,  heavy  tax.     ii.  plentiful  share. 

Laccamuffa/. ;  i.  solution  of  litmus. 

2.  juiceof  the  Croton  tinetorium.  3.  (hot.*) 
dyers' litmus  plant,  Crozophora  tinctoria, 
alsotermed  Eliotropio  minore,Tornasole 
de'  tintori. 

Lacc6tto  m.  (dim.  laccio) ;  boot-lace. 
Lacche  in. ;  lackey. 

Ktym.  The  origin  of  the  word  is  doubtful ; 
there  is  an  old  Provencal  word  lecai,  dainty,  cognate 
with  It.  leccare,  and  a  more  modern  Proven9al 
laccai  derived  from  it,  with  the  meaning  of  secondary 
shoot,  parasitic  growth.  A  lackey  might  be  com- 
pared to  such  a  secondary  growth.  Or  the  word 
may  be  Arabic,  from  laqit,  foundling,  or  laki'a, 
dirty.  Lastly,  the  Spanish  form  lacayfl  has  been 
referred  to  the  Basque  locum,  company,  ayo,  at- 
tendant; v.  Skeat,  sub  Lackey. 

*Lacchettayl;  i.=  Racchetta,  racquet,    ii.  hind 
quarter  of  an  animal,  v.  Lacca  (B). 

Lacchezz-o  (Leccheggio,  Lecchezzo) 
m.  (It.  leccare);  tit-bit.  Aff.  -fno  dim. 

*  Laccia  f.   {etym.    dub.)\    i.  =  Cheppia,    shad, 
ii.    A  prima  — ,  at  the  beginning  of  spring. 

Lacciaia  f.  (var.  of  Laccio) ;  lasso. 
Laccina/;  (ckcm.)  the  resinous  basis  of  lacquer. 

Laccio  m.  (A)  (L.  laqueus) ;  I.  noose ; 
Jig.  trap.  2.  (med.}  seton.  tin  pi.,  = 
Dande,  leading-strings. 

(B)  painting  on  a  gold  background. 

Lacciblo  m. ;  dim.  Laccio.  Pro- 
paggine  a  — ,  layer  from  which  all  the 
buds  except  one  have  been  removed. 

*  Lacco  m. ;  =  Lacca. 

Lacer-are  ind;  lacero  (L.) ;  to  tear.  Aff.  -abile, 
-amento,  -atore,  -azi<5ne. 

tLaceria./;  slanderous  talk. 

Lacero  nt. ;  i.  wear  and  tear.  As  adj.  2.  (bci.) 
unequally  divided  (leaf),  q.  =  Lacerato,  torn. 

*  Lacerta  f. ;  =  Lucertola,  lizard. 

Lac&rto  m.  (L.);  (anat.)  i.  muscle 
with  its  tendon.  2.  prominence  in  the 
auricle  of  the  heart.  *  =  Lucertola, 
lizard. 

*  Lacertola  f. ;  =  Lucertola,  lizard. 

*  Lacessito ;  angry. 

Lachesi/.  (Gr.,  akin  to  Xayx"""".  to  receive  by 
lot  or  fate);   i.   one  of  the  Furies.     2.  an  Egyptian 
spider.     3.  a  poisonous  snake  of  Guiana. 
*Lac;;  =  Lk,  there. 

Laciniato  (L.  lacinia,  flap);  (bat.)  irregularly 
and  deeply  divided  (leaf)- 

Lacmo  m. ;  =  Tornasole,  litmus,  a 
dye  from  certain  lichens,  originally  red 
but  becoming  blue  on  the  addition  of 
alkali. 

Etym.  Dutch  lakmoes,  <  lac  +  mats,  pulp. 
Lac  is  a  Persian  word  for  the  dark  red  transparent 
resin  produced  on  the  twigs  of  trees  in  the  East  by 
the  lac  insect. 

*  Laco  m.  ;=  I.ago,  lake. 

Lac6n-ico;  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ismo  con- 
cise speech,  -iJzare  to  speak  concisely  ;  terms  derived 
from  the  traditional  mode  of  speaking  amongst  the 
Laconians  in  ancient  Greece. 

Lacrim-a  or  Lagrim-a/  (L.  lacrima, 
for  old  L.  dacriina,  akin  to  Gr.  Sdicpv, 


LACUNA— LAM  PONE 


Gothic  tagr,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tear) ; 
i.  tear;  Aver  le  -e  in  pelle  in  pelle, 
to  be  on  the  verge  of  crying ;  —  Cristi, 
a  sweet  Vesuvian  wine.  2.  in  pi.,  a 
coarse  kind  of  small  shot.  3.  (bot.) 
(a)  -e  salvatiche,  hooded  matweed, 
Lygeum  spartum,  (6)  -e  di  Giobbe, 
Job's  tears,  a  species  of  grass,  Coix 
lacrima,  (c)  -e  della  Madonna,  (a)  = 
Buca  neve,  snowdrop,  (/3)  =  Mughetto, 
lily  of  the  valley. 

Aff.  -ale  adj.,  -are  to  weep,  -atoio  inner  cnrner 
of  the  eye  where  the  tears  flow,  -atorio  tutj.  of  one 
of  the  ocular  muscles,  -azione  weeping  due  to  in- 
flammation, -etta  dim.  vezz.,  -evole,  -ina  or  -(no 
dim.,  -one  augtn.,  -osamente,  -oso,  -uccia  dim. 

Lacuna/ (L.);  gap.    *=Laguna. 

Lacunare  m.  (L.);  {arch.)  lacunar,  sunken 
panel  in  a  ceiling. 

Lacustre;  lacustrine,  pertaining  to  lakes. 

Ladano  m.  (A)  (Gr.)  ;  gum  from 
the  Cistus  creticus  and  other  species  of 
Cistus. 

(B)  (for  L'  adano,  <  L.  attilus) ;  stur- 
geon, Adpenser  huso. 

Laddove ;  =  La  dove,  where. 

Ladino  (var.  of  Latino) ;  i.  Rhaetic 
romance,  a  language  spoken  in  the 
Engadine,  -v.  Grigione.  2.  a  Jewish 
dialect  in  the  Pirenaic  peninsula.  3.  of 
a  cannon-ball,  too  small  for  the  calibre 
of  the  gun,  or  of  a  piston,  too  small  for 
the  calibre  of  the  chamber.  4.  fig.  too 
ready  to  speak,  or  act. 

*  Lado ;  =  Laido,  dirty. 

Ladr-o  m.  (L.  latro,  <  Gr.  Anrpi?, 
hired  servant,  hence  passing  in  Latin 
to  mean  "hired  robber,"  and  so  "bri- 
gand " ;  root  leu,  to  earn,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Lucre);  i.  thief.  2  thief  on  a  candle- 
wick.  3.  —  di  sabbia,  one  who  shakes 
an  hour-glass  to  make  the  sand  run 
more  quickly.  4.  Aceto  tie'  sette  -i, 
spiced  vinegar,  as  a  preventive  of  plague. 

As  adj. :  5.  thievish  ;  Occhi  -i,  roguish 
eyes.  6.  fig.  beastly  (weather,  etc.). 
7.  Tasca  -a,  or  as  sb.,  Ladra,  hidden 
pocket,  inaccessible  except  by  more  or 
less  undressing. 

Aff.  -a,  -acchioleria,  -acchiola,  -ac- 
chiolo  dims.,  -accio  pegg.,  -ame'nte,  -eri'a, 
-ocinio  i.q.  -oneggio,  -onaia  nest  of 
thieves  or  series  of  thefts,  -ata  thievish 
act,  -oncelleria  thievishness,  -oncella  or 
-oncello  dim.,  young  thief,  -one  augm., 
esp.  the  thieves  in  the  story  of  the  Cruci- 
fixion, -oneccio  or  -ondggio  thievery, 
esp.  that  of  unfair  taxation,  -oneria 
thievish  bargain,  -onescamdnte,  -onesco, 
-uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -uncolo  dim.  pegg. 
spreg. 

tl/ae;    there.    —  nentroni,  down  there  at  the 
bottom. 

t  Laeggio  w.  ;  =  Veggio,  warming-pan. 
t  Lagare ;  to  leave. 
Lagena/  (L.,<Gr.  Aoiyijw);  flagon. 
Lagerstrdmia  f.\    (bot.)  a  tropical  flowering 
shrub. 

Lagetto  M.  ;  (bot.)  the  Jamaica  lace-bark  tree, 
Lagetta  lititearia,  also  termed  Legno  da  merletto 
or  da  trina. 

Laggiu ;  down  there,  far  off. 

Laghett-ino  sub-dim.,  -o  dim.  vezz.,  of  Lago. 
Laghigiano  m. ;  lake-dweller. 

*  Lagi  m. ;  Esser  il  — ,  to  be  meddlesome,  from 
the  name  of  a  personage  once  well  known  at  Florence. 


Lagia;  v.  Passcra  (A,  i,  d). 
*Lagna/;  trouble,  grief. 

Lagn-anza  /  ( L.  laniare,  to  tear,  < 
lanius,  butcher);  complaint.  Aff.  -arsi. 

Lagno  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Lagnanza.  2.  Mai 
del  — ,  v.  Langio. 

Lago  m. ;  lake.  Laghi  del  cuore, 
(anat.)  the  ventricles  of  the  heart. 
*i.  concavity,  ii.  dungeon. 

Etym.  L.  Itictts,  akin  to  Gr.  AaitKot,  pit;  the 
root  appears  to  be  leg,  to  bend,  hence  to  hollow  out, 
cp.  L.  tanx,  scale-pan,  tacertus,  muscle,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Lacerttts. 

Lagdnew. ;  i.  aug m.  Lago.  2.  boiling  spring, 
such  as  those  of  Volterra. 

Lag6podo  m.  (Gr.  Aaywjrous) ;  =  Roncaso,  ptar- 
migan. 

Lagrima/;  v.  Lacrima. 

Lagrimo  m.;  pine-oil. 

Lagrimbne  m. ',  augm.  iron,  ot  Lagrhna. 

LagunayC  (It.  lago);  i.  lagoon.     2.  v.  Lacuna. 

Lai  m.  pi.  (Provenq.  fat's,  ballad,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Lay);  (poet.}  lays. 

Laic-ale  i.q.  -o,  -almente,  -amente,  -ato 
i.f.  -o,  -ita,  -iziare;  r.  -o. 

Laico  (mil.  laitus,<Qr.  Aodc,  people);  lay, 
secular. 

*  i.   illiterate,     ii.  unconsecrated.     iii.  rowdy. 

*  Laicocefali ;     Inglesi    — ,    the    party    which 
favoured     Henry    the     Eighth's    headship    of    the 
Anglican  church. 

Laid-0  (O.H.G.  hid,  hateful,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Loath) ;  disgusting.  Aff.  -amdnte, 
-tea,  -ume  filth. 

*  Lalda  f.  ;=  Laude,  praise. 
*Lallazione/;  mispronouncing  /  and  r. 

t  Lallera  y! ;  concealed  poverty,  or  proud  woman 
who  conceals  her  poverty. 
•Lalll;  thereabouts. 

Lama/(A)  (L.latna,fen);  i.  flooded 
district.  2.  —  d'  acqua  in  una  caldaia, 
water  space  in  a  boiler,  tin^/.,  sandy 
flats  on  the  sea  shore. 

(B)  (L.    lamina)  ;     I.    sword-blade, 
knife-blade,  etc.     2.  metal  strap.     3.  in 
pi.,  Lame  del  pettine,  in  gunnery,  com- 
pressor plates.    4.  flange.    *  marble  slab. 

(C)  the  Lama  or  high  priest  of  Thibet. 
Lam-accia/;  pegg.  -a  (Ii).     -ata/;  v.  -a  (A). 

*  Lamagna  f. ;  Germany,  D.  Inf.  20.  62. 
Lamantino  w.;=Manato,  manatee.    The  form 

Lamantino  is  Italianised  French,  the  original  word 
having  been  altered  under  the  influence  oilamenter. 
t  Lamarti  m. ;  v.  Pagello  (2). 
Lambardo  m. ;  an  old  feudal  title  of  nobility. 

Lambello  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  lambeau, 
mlt.  labellus,  Comascan  dial,  lampel; 
prob.  <  Germ.  Lappen,  flap,  rag,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Label)  ;  (herald.)  a  small 
horizontal  strip  with  (usually)  three 
tassels  or  pendants,  occurring  e.g.  in 
the  arms  of  the  Orleans  family  ;  it  is 
sometimes  termed  Rastello. 

t  Lambert  m. ;  v.  Callionimo. 

Lambicc-are ;  i.  to  distil.  2.  to 
ponder  over ;  -arsi  il  cervello,  to  puzzle 
one's  head  over  something. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atura. 

Lambicco  m.  (Arabic  ambiq,  a  still, 
<  Gr.  <V£'£,  cup,  used  by  Dioscorides 
for  the  cap  of  a  still) ;  I.  retort.  2.  fig. 
Passare  per  — ,  to  get  through  with 
difficulty.  3.  —  carbonizzatore,  car- 
bonising cylinder. 

Lamb-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  lambfre, 
root  tub,  to  lick,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lambent) ; 
to  lick,  to  lap. 

*  Lambitivo  ;  (med.)  expectorant. 

Lambrecchfno  m.  (Fr.  lambrequin, 


<  Flemish  lamperkin,  dim.  of  lumper 
or  lamjer,  veil) ;  in  pi.,  pieces  of  cloth 
attached  as  a  sort  of  pennon  to  a 
helmet,  or  blazoned  on  a  shield. 

Lambmsca  /  (L.  labrusca) ;  (bot.) 
wild  vine,  Vitis  labrusca,  also  termed 
Uvizzolo. 

Lambrusco  m. ;  i.  wine  from  the 
Bologna  or  Modena  districts.  2.  wine 
from  wild  grapes.  3.  wild  vine. 

Lamdacismo  in. ;  excessive  use  of  the  letter  L. 

Lamella/;  dim.  Lama  (B). 

Lamellare;  flat  and  thin. 

Lament-are  ind.  lamento  (L.,  root  la,  to  utter 
a  cry,  cj>.  L.  la-lrare,  to  bark);  as  E.  Aff.  -azion- 
cella  dim.,  -azione,  -evole,  -evolmente,  -io  freq.  sb., 
-o,  -osamente,  -oso. 

Lam-etta  dim.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  of -a  (B). 

Lamia  /.;  i.  =  Lammia,  witch.  2.  vaulted 
roof.  3.  a  species  of  dog-fish,  v.  Galeo,  cane.  4.  a 
genus  of  beetles. 

tLamic-are  ind.  lainico;  i.   to  drizzle,     ii.   of 
babies,    to   cry.      iii.    of  beggars,    to   whine.      Aff. 
-hi'o  freq.  sb.,  -o  adj. 
*  Lamie  ;=  Lammia. 

Lami6r-a/  (v.  Lama,  B) ;  plate  (of 
wrought  iron,  etc.).  Aff.  -fna  dim.,  -one 
augm. 

Lamina  (/.)  (L.) ;  lamina.  —  di  platino, 
platinum  foil. 

Laminare;  i.  rt^/'.,asE.    2.  o*.,  to  roll  metal. 

Laminaria./;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  seaweeds  with 
flat  stems. 

Laminat6io  nt. ;  rolling-mill. 

Lamin-etta  dim.,  -dso  adj.;  v.  Lamina. 

Lamio  m. ;  (hot.)  dead-nettle,  Lamium. 

Lami6ne  m.;  (bot.)  broom-rape,  Orobancht. 

Lammi-a/;  t.  Lamia,  the  serpent  witch  of 
the  Romans.  2.  v.  Lamia  (3)  and  (4).  ^v.  Piagnone. 
Aff.  t  -one  augm. 

Lamna  f. ;  —  smeriglio,  poor  beagle-fish, 
Squalus  cormtbicits,  locally  termed  Cagna,  Ca- 
gniz/a  nasuta,  Melantoun,  Pesce  tumlu,  Smeriglio. 
"Lampa/;  i.  r-.  I.ampnda.  ii.  brightness. 

Lampad-a  f.  (L.,  <  Gr.  Xa/ijrar); 
lamp.  Aff.  -ano  chandelier,  -dtta  dim., 
-ma  dim.  smaller  than  -etta. 

t  Lampagidni  m.  pi. ;  =  Lagrimoni. 

Lampana/;  church  lamp. 

Lampanaio  ;//.;  lamp  maker  or  lighter.  *chan- 
delier. 

tLampaneggiare;  to  flash,  as  lightning. 

Lampan-etta  or  -ina  dim.,  -(no  dim.,  little 
lamp  tur  illuminations ;  -.'.  Lampana. 

Lampante;  Chiaro  — ,  brilliantly  clear. 
*Lampare   (L.,  formed   upon   the  stem  of  Gr. 
Aafiir-w,  to  shine,  cp.    Lanterna);   to  shine. 

Lampasco  or  Lampazio  ///.;  (~'<'t.)  lampas  in 
a  horse's  mouth. 

Ktym.  Fr.  lafnf>as,  originally  meaning  throat, 
hence  swelling  in  the  throat;  the  root  is  lab,  nasal Ued 
to  lamb,  to  lap,  v.  Lambire. 

Lampassato  (Fr.  langue  fassee) ;  (herald.) 
animal  with  the  tongue  coloured  differently  from 
the  body  and  protruded,  T.  Linguato. 

Lampazio  in. ;  i.q.  Lampasco. 

Lampazza/;  v.  Lapazza. 

Lampeggi-are  ind.  lamp^ggio  (It. 
lampo);  to  flash.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -o 
flashing. 

Lampionaio  m.  \  lamplighter. 

Lampi6n-e  m. ;  street  or  carriage 
lamp.  Aff.  -cfno  dim. 

Lampista  m. ;  lamp  trimmer. 
Lampisteria/ ;  (mar.)  lamp-locker. 

Lampo  m.  (vbsb.  of  Lampare) ;  flash, 
esp.  of  lightning. 

Lampone  m. ;  (bot.)  raspberry  (plant, 
or  berry),  Rubus  Idaeus. 

Etytn.  Swiss  ombecr,  the  prefixed  /  being  the 
definite  article.  Ombeer  is  a  corruption  or* O.H.G. 
liint.beri,  corresponding  to  E.  htndberry,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Hind. 


Lampreda  f.  (I—  latnpetra,  contr.  of 
lambi-petram, suck-stone) ;  i.  — marina, 
lamprey,  Petromyzon  marinus,  locally 
termed  Magna  pegola,  Subiotto,  Subiol, 
Zufolotto.  2.  —  di  flume,  lesser  lam- 
prey, Petromyzon  fluviatilis. 

Lampred&tto  ;//.;  i.  dim.  Lampreda. 
2.  tripe.  3.  animals'  intestines  as  cat's 
meat. 

Lampride  m.\  — luna,  sun-fish,  Lampris  luna. 

Lampsana  /.  (L.,  <Gr.);  (bat.)  nipple-wort, 
Lapsana  commitnis. 

Lampuga  dorata  f;  flat  codfish,  Strouiateus 
fiatola,  locally  termed  Figa,  Pesce  figa,  Fetula  im- 
periale,  Fiatula. 

tLampune  ;//.;  =  Muggine,  grey  mullet. 

Lampusay:;  butterfly  fish,  v.  Bavosa. 

Lana/  (L.  lana,  akin  to  E.  wool, 
wool  having  lost  a  final  syllable  and 
lana  an  initial  one,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Wool);  wool.  Bona  — ,  —  fine,  or 
sometimes  —  alone,  blackguard.  — 
morticina,  wool  of  a  sheep  dead  from 
disease.  -  saltata,  wool  of  washed 
sheep  (made  to  jump,  saltare,  into  a 
pool).  —  di  scorie,  di  vetro,  or  minerale, 
slag  hair,  silicate  cotton,  slag  wool. 
Mezza  — ,  stuff  half  wool,  half  cotton  or 
silk.  —  silvestre,  pine  wool.  —  filoso- 
fica,  oxide  of  zinc  obtained  by  stirring 
melted  zinc.  Far  d'  ogni  —  un  peso, 
=  Far  d'  ogni  erba  fascio,  v.  Fascio  (3). 
Son  tutti  d1  una — ,  they  are  all  black- 
guards together.  Arte  della  — ,  one  of 
the  Arti  maggiori  or  principal  guilds 
in  the  Florentine  republic.  Non  c'  e 
porcherie  e  tutta  —,fig.,  it  is  a  genuine 
thing. 

Lanaggio  m. ;  wool  ready  for  use  in 
manufacture. 

Lanaiblo  m. ;  worker  or  trader  in 
wool. 

Lanara,  Lanata  /,  Lanatdre  m. ; 
mop. 

Lanario  m. ;  Falco  Feldegeii  (a  hawk),  v. 
Falco  (9). 

Lanata  f.\  v.  Lanara. 

*  Lanca  f. ;  —  Lacca,  haunch  or  buttock. 

Lance/ (L.  tanx,<lanc,  a  secondary 
form  of  the  root  ley,  v.  Lago) ;  scale-pan. 

*  i.  =  Lancia,    ii.  =  Bilancia,  scales ;  Porre  in  — , 
to  compare. 

Lancella  f. ;  (mar.)  dim.  Lancia,  launch. 
*  goblet. 

Lanceol-are  or  -ato;  (bot.)  lanceolate. 

Lanc6tt-a/  (dim.  Lancia);  i.  lancet. 

2.  pointer   of  a   watch,  compass,  etc. 

3.  (mar.)  small  launch.     4.  in  //.,  wild 
tulip,  71.  Tulipano  (2).    Aff.  -ata  lancing, 
-ina  dim. 

Lancia  f.  (L.  lancea,  further  etyin. 
dub.);  i.  lance;  —  a  fuoco,  lance  with 
Greek  fire  or  the  like;  --  di  fuoco, 
shooting  star ;  Lance  false,  wooden 
cannon,  as  a  ruse  against  pirates. 

2.  lancer  ;    -  -   spezzata,   soldier   on   a 
forlorn   hope  ;  fig.,  devoted   adherent. 

3.  =  opportunity,   in   the  prov.  A  buon 
cavaliere  non   manca  — .     4.    spatula. 
5.  —  di  Achille  che  prima  feriva  e  poi 
risanava,  said  of  a  person  who  makes 
ample  amends  for  an  injury.     6.  stand- 
pipe  of  a  fire-engine.    7.  (mar.)  launch, 
small  boat;  Prima  — ,  pinnace;  —  di 
ronda,  police  launch ;  —  del  capitano, 

H. 


LAMPREDA— LAPAZZA 

captain's  jolly-boat ;  —  bordata  diagonal- 
mente,  or  a  madieri  diagonal!,  diagonal 
built;  --  bordata  a  giustaposto,  or  a 
madieri  uguali,  carvel  built ;  —  bordata 
a  labbro,  or  a  madieri  scavalcati, 
clincher  built. 

*i.  Correre  la  —  del  pari,  to  be  the  same  thing, 
ll.  —  busa,  tilting  spear ;  —  molle,  not  in  rest, 
i".  —  d'  uno,  his  paid  bully,  iv.  Correre  la  — ,  to 
"run  the  ship";  Corre  la  mia  — ,  he  is  doing  what 
is  really  my  business,  v.  Tenere  la  —  alle  reni  a 
uno,  to  be  his  equal,  vi.  La  —  da  Monterappoli, 
prcrv.  for  that  which  cannot  fail  to  wound. 
Lanci-abile;  v.  -are. 

tLanciabue  w. ;  =  Codibugnolo,  long-tailed  tit.- 
L-anciafu6ri  ;«.;  (mar.)  sprit  of  a  sprit  sail. 

ti.  =  Buttafuori,  sprit  sail  gaff.  ii.  —  del!'  ancora 
di  bancaccia,  =Sostegni  a  forcella,  shores  or  tumblers 
of  the  sheet  anchor. 

Lanciaio  m.  •  lance-maker.     *  ironmonger. 

"Lanciaray:;  (mar)=  Lancia,  launch. 

Lanciare;  i.  to  hurl.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Varare,  to  launch. 

•Lancia  scavezzay:;  desperado,  v.  Lancia  (2). 

Lancia-siWri  m. ;  torpedo-boat. 

•Lanciaspezzata  f.;  i.q.  Lancia  sea vezza. 

Lanciata/ ;  thrust.  *spear-throw's 
distance. 

Lanciatdia/;  i.  bird-catcher's  net, 
v.  Frugnolo.  2.  pipe  of  a  fire-engine. 

Lanciat6re ;  thrower. 

Lanciere  m.  •  i.  lancer.  2.  shrike,  v.  Averla 
(i,  3  and  4). 

Lancinante;  (med.)  stabbing  (pain). 
*Lancinecco;  v.  Lanzichenecco. 

Lancio  m. ;  i.  great  jump;  Di  — , 
instantly.  2.  discharge,  e.g.  of  a  tor- 
pedo. 

•Lanciolay!;  i.  dim.  Lancia,  ii.  =  Lancetta. 
in.  (&?/.)  =  Gladiolo.  iv.  ribwort,  Pltintago  lanceo- 
lata. 

Lanci6ne  m. ;  attgtn.  Lancia. 

•Lanciotto  m.;  dart. 

t  Lanco  in. ;  =  Lancio. 

Landa  /  (A)  (either  a  Gothic  or 
Celtic  word ;  if  Gothic  cp.  E.  land ;  if 
Celtic,  Breton  lana,  thorny  shrub)  ; 
i.  sandy  waste.  2.  prairie. 

(B);  (mar.)=  Landra  (B). 
tLandiney:/!/.;  futtock  plates,  -j.  Landra  (B). 

Land6  m.  (from  the  Germ,  town  of 
Landau,  through  Fr.  landau) ;  landau, 
carriage  with  a  top  that  will  open. 

Landr-a/  ( A)  (aphaeresi  s  of  Slandra, 
y.v.);  woman  of  bad  life. 

(B) ;  (mar.)  in  //. ,  chain-plates,  -e  dei  paterazzi, 
back-stay  plates,  -e  delle  sartie  di  gabbia,  delle 
bigotte  di  coffa,  futtock  plates. 

Landrdne  /«. ;  pop.  for  Androne, 
gangway. 

Laneo(L.);  i.  woollen.  2.  Cotnmento — ,  the 
commentary  on  Dante  by  Jacopo  della  Lana. 

Lanerla  f. ;  large  assortment  of 
wool. 

Langtta  /;  light  wool.  -  fina, 
rather  a  blackguard,  v.  Bonalana. 

Lanfa;  Acqua  — ,  orange-flower 
water,  v.  Nanfa. 

t Lanfrescayl;  minnow,  v.  Sanguinerola. 

Langio  m. ;  — ,  or  Mai  del  lagno,  (vet.)  a 
disease  in  the  tail  of  cattle. 

Langravio  m.  (Germ.  Landgraf); 
landgrave. 

Languid-amente,  -etto  dim.,  -ezza,  -o; 
v.  Languire. 

Languire  ind.  languo  or  languisco,  per/.  Ian- 
guii,  parts,  languente,  languendo,  languito  (L. 
languire,  root  slag ,cp.  Gr.  Aayafx!;,  weak,  v.  Skeat, 
still  Slack) ;  to  languish. 


329 

Langudre  m.  (Langura/);  languor. 

Laniare  (L.)  ;  to  lacerate. 

Lanfccio  ;«. ;  i.  the  woolly  flock  that 
comes  off  bedding.  2.  the  web  with 
which  a  silkworm  begins  its  cocoon, 
and  which  partly  remains  attached  to 
the  nest. 

Lani&re  »/. ;  lanner-falcon,  Falco 
laniarius;Jig.,  clown,  boor. 

Lanificio  m. ;  wool  manufacture  or 
factory. 

Lanfgero;  wool-bearing. 

Lanlna  /  ;  i.  dim.  Lana.  2.  =Mez- 
zalana,  mixed  cloth. 

Lanfno  m. ;  wool-worker  or  carder. 

*Lanione;«.;  asparagus. 

Lanista  m.  (L.);  trainer  of  gladiators,  or  of 
fighting  cocks. 

Lano  ;  (in  compounds,  e.g.  Panno- 
lano)  woollen. 

Lan6s-o;  woolly.    Aff.  -ith. 

Lantana  f.\  (bot.)  a  tropical  genus  of  Ver- 
benficeae. 

Lant6rn-a^  (L.,  a  Latinised  form 
of  Gr.  Aa/iTrrr/p,  <  Xd/i7ra>,  to  shine) ; 

1.  lantern ;  —  cieca,  dark  lantern  ;  Dare 
ad  intendere  lucciole  per  -e,  to  humbug. 

2.  sc/ierz.  bottle  of  wine,  pair  of  spec- 
tacles, or  eyes.     3.  harbour  lighthouse. 
4.    drum   (of  a   machine).     5.    — •  del 
fumaiolo,  chimney-top.   6.  (mar.)  (a)  the 
octagonal  butt  end  of  any  upper  mast 
or  spar,  "  hounds,"  (b)  companion. 

*In  gunnery,  i.    the  case  containing  the  shot  or 
stones  to  be  fired.     ii.  =  Cucchiaia, 
Lanternacciayi;  fegg.  Lantern, L. 

Lanternaggio  m. ;  port  light-dues. 

Lanternetta/". ;  i.  dim.  Lanterna.  2.  (mar.) 
top  sail  sheet  block. 

Lantern-fna  i.q.  -etta  (i),  -fno  dim.,  smaller 
than  -ina ;  v.  Lanterna. 

Lantern-6ne  m. ;  i.  aitgm.  -a.    2.  tall  thin  man. 

Lanternucolay:;  dim.  sfreg.  Lanterna. 

Laniigin-e  f.  (L.) ;  downy  beard. 
Aff.  -oso. 


fina 


Lanuvino;  of  Lanuvium,  a  city  of  Latiutn. 
*  Lanuzza  f. ;  dim.  Lana.     Mala  — ,  v.  I,an 


I,anetta 


tLanzardo  m. ;  a  species  of  mackerel,  v.  Scom- 
bro  (2). 

Lanzichenecco  m.  (Germ.  Lanz- 
knecht) ;  I.  i.q,  Lanzo,  which  last  is  an 
abbreviation  formed  in  Italy  by  a  false 
interpretation  of  the  first  part  of  the 
word  Lanzknecht,  namely,  as  if  it  meant 
"lance'' ;  it  is  really  "lands,"  the  Lanz- 
knechte  having  been  a  sort  of  country 
police  against  robber  bands.  2.  a  card 
game,  resembling  loo. 

Lanzo  m.  (v.  Lanzichenecco) ;  mer- 
cenary soldier,  esp.  those  who  were  in 
the  service  of  the  Medici.  The  Loggia 
de'  Lanzi  in  Florence  took  its  name 
from  the  sentinels  posted  there. 

La  onde  or  Laonde  ;  i.  therefore, 
or  as  relal.  wherefore.  2.  there,  thence ; 
or  where,  whence. 

tLapa  (Lape)yl  (L.  apes,  with  the  article);  bee. 

Lapazio  m.\  (tot.)  sorrel,  Rumcx patientia. 

Lapazz-a  (Lampazza,  Alapazza)  /.  (It.  ala, 
pazza,  i.e.  wing  of  wood  in  abnormal  position) ; 
(iiiur.)  strengthening  piece  fixed  on  a  spar  where  it  is 
giving,  fish-piece.  Aff.  -are  to  "fish,"  i.e.  strengthen 
(a  spar). 

42 


330 


LAPE— LATEBRA 


*Lape;  v.  Lapa. 

Lapida  f.  (L.  lapis) ;  stone  cover, 
e.g.  for  a  cesspool. 

Lapid-abile  /  ;  worthy  of  stoning. 
Aff.  -are. 

Lapidaria/;  science  of  inscriptions. 

Lapidario  in. ;  i.  lapidary.  2.  as 
adj.,  v.  Lapidaria. 

Lapid-at6re,  -azi6ne;  v.  -are. 

Lapide  / ;  headstone  of  a  grave. 
*jewel. 

Lapid-eo  stony,  -esccnte  petrifying,  -etta 
dim.,  -ificare  to  petrify,  -ificazidne,  -ifdrme 
resembling  stone,  -ina  dim.,  -6na  augm.;  v. 
Lapide. 

Lapill-i  m.  pi.  (L.,  dim.  of  lapis); 

1.  little   crystals    of   salt,    sugar,   etc. 

2.  small  bits  of  lava  ejected  by  a  volcano. 
Aff.  -6so. 

*  i.  small  stones,    ii.  jewels. 

Lapis  m. ;  I.  orig.  a  certain  kind  of 
stone  ground  down  into  the  shape  of  a 
pencil  and  used  to  make  a  red  mark. 
2.  an  ordinary  drawing  pencil  of  any 
kind,  v.  Matita. 

Lapislazzaro  ;  pop.  for  Lapislazzuli. 

Lapislazzuli,  Lapislazzolo  m.  (L.  lapis  and 
mlt.  lazur,  lazulus,  <  Persian  lazvard,  the  lapis 
lazuli  stone) ;  the  precious  stone  of  that  name. 

Lapiss-accio /<£?•.,  -ino  dim.;  i>.  Lapis. 

*  Lappa  f. ;  i.  v.  Lappola.     ii.  —  Riccio,  chestnut 
husk. 

t  Lappanu  ;  v.  Sciarrano  (3). 

*  Lappare  or  Lappeggiare ;  to  make  the  noise 
of  lapping. 

Lappe  lappe  or  Lappi  lappi ;  of  a 
greedy  person.  La  gola  gli  fa — ,  his 
mouth  is  watering.  II  culo  gli  fa  — , 
(vulg.)  i.e.  he  is  trembling  with  fright. 

*  L-appis  HI.  ;=  Sedatw  selvatico,  wild  celery. 
Lappola/  (dim.  of  L.  taffa,  burdock);  (tot.) 

1.  burdock,  burr,  Arctium  lappa.     2.   bur  parsley, 
Caucalis  daucoidts.     3.   —  boaria,  Caucalis  platy- 
carpus.     4.   —  gramignola,  swine's  cress,  Senebiera 
corotwpus.     5.  —  petrpselina,  hedge  parsley,  Torilis 
anthriscus.     6.  jig-,  tiresome  bore,     teyelid. 

t  L-appoleggiare  ind.  lappoleggio ;   to  wink  for 
the  purpose  of  getting  rid  of  a  speck  in  the  eye. 
Lappol-etta,  -may".;  dint,  of -a. 
Lappol-6ne  tn. ,  -ona  f.\  augm.  of -a. 
Lappdnia/;  Lapland. 

*  Lap  teggiare  ;  v.  Lappare. 
Laqueario  m.  (L-);  gladiator  using  a  lasso. 

*  Laqueato  ;=  Soffittato. 

*  Larcagogo  (Gr.  AapKos,  coal-basket,  ayw);  coal- 
bringing. 

Lardaccio  in. ;  pegg.  Lardo. 

Lardaiolo   m.;    i.    =  Pizzicagnolo. 

2.  a  variety  of  fig. 

tLardel  m.  ;  =  Ghiozzo,  gudgeon. 

Lardell-are  ind.  lardcllo ;  i.  to  lard, 
stuff  with  bacon.  2.  to  interlard.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Lardell-o  m. ;    i.    piece  of  bacon. 

2.  a  variety  of  fungus.     Aff.  -etto,  -ino 
dims. 

*Lardiero;  flavoured  with  bacon. 
*Lardinzo  tn.  ;  =  Sicciolo,  scrap  of  bacon. 

Lardite  f. ;  soap-stone,  used  by  tailors  to  mark 
clothes  when  trying  them  on. 

Lardo  tn.  (L.  laridum,  bacon  fat,  cp. 
Gr.  \apos,  pleasant) ;  i.  bacon,  i.  lard. 

3.  fat    of    other    animals    than    pigs. 

4.  Notar  nel   — ,   i.e.  to  be  well   off. 

5.  (mar.)  —  di  paglietto,  thrum. 

Larddne  m.;i.  salt  pork.  2.  bacon 
eater,  a  familiar  term  for  Lombard. 

L-arenzia/;  carpet  moth,  Larentia. 
Larg-acclo/^y.  spreg.,  -amente;  v.  Largo. 
Largatira/;  (war.)  long  stroke  in  rowing. 


Largheggi-are  ind.  larghe"ggio  ;  to 
be  profuse  or  diffuse.  *to  authorise. 
Aff  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

Larghetto ;  dim.  Largo. 

Largh^zza/ ;  i.  width;  —  in  lume, 
internal  width.  2.  liberality.  3.  plenty. 
*i.  latitude,  ii.  authorisation. 

Larg-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  largiri)  •  to 
grant. 

*i.  to  let  go.     ii.  =AlIargare,  to  broaden. 
Aff.  -itore,  -itrice,  -izinne. 

Larg-0  (L.) ;  adj.  or  sb. :  i.  wide. 
2."  liberal,  generous.  3.  in  art,  broad. 
4.  (mar.)  easy,  neither  tight  nor  loose  ; 
(in  machinery)  loose,  with  too  much 
play.  5.  Vento  — ,  wind  on  the  quarter 
as  opposed  to  Vento  stretto,  nearly  a 
head  wind.  6.  Vento  dal  — ,  wind  off 
the  sea,  as  opposed  to  Vento  di  terra. 
7.  (mus.)  slow.  8.  width,  breadth  ;  Far 
— ,  to  make  way.  9.  (mar.)  offing; 
Prendere  il  — ,  to  go  out  to  sea. 
io.  Prenderla  -a,  to  allow  plenty  of 
room  in  turning  a  corner  ;  Giuocar  — , 
to  keep  well  away ;  Girar  — ,  to  go  a 
long  way  round,  ii.  Stare  a  — ,  or 
alia  -a,  of  boys  in  school,  etc.,  to  be 
well  apart  from  each  other  ;  also  fig.  to 
be  not  over  friendly.  12.  as  eye/.,  Make 
way  there !  Keep  off !  13.  part  of  a 
street  wider  than  the  rest. 

Largoccio;  dim.  Largo. 

Largura  f. ;  open  space. 

Lari  m.  pi.  (L.);  i.  household  gods  of  ancient 
Rome.  2.  fig.  home. 

tLari  f.  pi.  (Celtic  lar,  border,  boundary?); 
tops  of  a  mountain  range,  mountain  watershed,  tsp. 
that  between  Pistoia  and  San  Marcello.  Vien  dalle 
— ,  (at  Pistoia)  =  he  has  an  excellent  appetite. 

Laric-e  m.  (L.  larix,  for  **darix, 
akin  to  Gr.  Spvs,  oak,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Larch);  larch,  Abies  larix.  —  fem- 
mina,  cedar.  Aff.  -ino  adj. 

tLarie/.//.;=Alari,  fire-dogs. 

Laring-e  f.  (Gr.  Aoptryf);  larynx.  Aff.  -ite, 
-oscupio,  -otomfa. 

Larino  m. ;  a  genus  of  beetles,  family  Cur- 
culionidae. 

Laro  m.  (L.,  — Gr.  Aapos);  —  fosco,  herring- 
gull,  v.  Gabbiano  (3, /). 

Larte  in.  (L.  lars)\  king  of  ancient  Etruria. 

Larva/  (L.);  i.  spectre.  2.  larva 
(of  an  insect).  *mask. 

Larv-ato  ;  masked.   Aff.  -atame'nte. 

Lasagn-a  f.  (L.  lasanum,  =  Gr.  Xa- 
o-avov,  cooking-pot) ;  strips  of  macaroni. 
Aspettare  a  bocca  aperta  le  -e,  to  expect 
some  piece  of  fortune  to  drop  into  one's 
mouth.  Notar  nelle  -e,  to  be  very 
prosperous.  E  come  il  pentolin  delle 
-e,  said  of  a  person  of  very  changeable 
humour. 

Lasagnino ;  broad-leaved  (cabbage), 
t  Lasagndlo  «/. ;  rolling  pin. 

Lasagnbne  m. ;  scherz.  blockhead. 

Lasca  f.  (O.H.G.  asco,  with  the 
It.  article,  cp.  Germ.  Aesche,  grayling); 
roach,  rudd,  bleak  or  other  species  of 
Leuciscus.  Prov.  Sano  com  una  — , 
perfectly  sound.  *the  constellation 
Pisces,  D.  Purg.  32.  54. 

Lascare ;  (mar.)  to  slacken  (a  rope). 
Lasch^tta/I;  dim.  Lasca. 
Laschita/T;  v.  Lasco. 

Lasciapodere  ;  A  — ,  in  a  slack 
fashion,  like  a  person  under  notice  to 
quit,  who  works  accordingly. 


Lasciare  (Lagare,  Laggare)  (L. 
laxare,  v.  Lasco) ;  i.  to  leave.  2.  to 
let.  3.  --  nella  penna,  to  leave  un- 
written. 4.  -  -  per  disperato,  to  be 
obliged  to  leave.  5.  —  la  veriti  al  suo 
luogo,  or  posto,  to  make  a  statement 
for  what  it  is  worth,  not  guaranteeing 
its  accuracy.  6.  —  il  cane  (alia  lepre), 
to  slip  him. 

Lasciata  /  ;  prov.  Ogni  —  &  persa, 
what  is  left  is  lost. 

Lasciatura/;  (/rz'«/.)  =  Pesce,  word 
dropped. 

*Lascita_/;  v.  Lasco. 

Lascito  m. ;  legacy. 

Lascfv-o(L.,r>.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  as  E.  *  i.  dis- 
posed (towards),  ii.  playful.  Aff.  -amente,  -etto 
dim.,  -ia. 

Lasco  (L.  laxus,  root  slag-,  v.  Languire); 
(ituir.)  loosely  fitting;  of  wind,  light;  of  a  rope, 
slack. 

*  i.  lazy.     ii.  tired  out.     iii.  as  sb.,  space,  area. 
Lasero  »t.  (L.)l  (^"'-)  laserwort,  Laserpitium ; 

there  is  no  British  species. 

*Lass-a/;  (A)  i.  leash.  Stare  a  — ,  to  lie  in 
wait  for  an  animal  to  pass.  ii.  slipping  a  dog.  Ha 
fatto  tre  -e,  he  has  slipped  his  dog  three  times. 
(B);  Esser  — ,  to  be  a  tip-top,  first-class  woman 
(for  doing  some  action). 

Etytn.  In  sense  (A)  cp.  Fr.  laisse,  v.  Skeat,  su& 
Leash ;  in  sense  (B)  <  Asso,  ace,  with  the  article,  and 
made  feminine. 

*  Lassami-stare  m.  or/.;  poor  weak  creature. 

*  Lassare ;    i.    pop.    for    Lasciare.      ii.    to    tire, 
iii.    to  slip,  v.  Lassa  (B).     iv.   of  a  dam,  to  give 
way.    v.   to  become  soft. 

Lassazi6ne  /  ;  =  Rilassamento. 

Lass6zza/;  fatigue. 

Lass-ismo  m. ;  laxity,  -ista  ;//. ; 
indifferentist.  -ita/;  slackness. 

Lasso  (A)  (L.  lassus);  i.  tired. 
2.  (poet.)  unhappy. 

*(B)  syncop.  for  Lassato.  *(C)=  Lassa,  leash. 
*(D)=  Laccio,  noose.  (E)  —  di  tempo  (<L.  lapsus 
temporis) ;  period  of  time. 

Lassil  (Lassuso)  (It.  la,  su) ;  up 
there. 

Lasta/;  (mar.)  a  foreign  word,  as  a  measure 
of  tonnage,  larger  than  the  Ital.  tonnellata. 
tLastico,  Lastio  m. ;=Elastico. 

Lastra/  (for  ** Plastra,  v.  Piastra) ; 

1.  flag-stone;  Far  tre  passi  su  una — , 
itsu.  su  un  mattone,  v.  Mattone  (10). 

2.  plate-glass   or   plate  of  any  metal, 
slate,  etc. ;  —  di  fondazione,  sole-plate  ; 
—  per  fodera  di  carena,  (mar.)  sheathing 
sheet  for  the  hull  (tisu.  Foglio);  —  di 
gomma  elastica,  indiarubber  sheet.   3.  in 
pi.  compressor  bars  (of  the  brake  of  a 
gun-carriage). 

Lastraiolo  in. ;  =  Lastricatore,pavior. 

*  Lastrare;  to  stow  (a  ship's  cargo). 
Lastr-etta  dim.,  -ettfna  sub-dim. ;  v.  -a. 

Lastric-are  ind.  lastrico;  to  pave. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore  pavior,  -atura,  -o 
pavement. 

Etym.  mlt.  astrncum.  pavement,  with  a  pre- 
fixed I  representing  the  definite  article.  Astrncttm 
is  cogn.  to  Milanese  dial,  ostrich,  Sicilian  astracn, 
prob.<Gr.  OfTTpajtov,  tile. 

Lastrina/. ;  —  graduata  d'  una  spoletta,  timing 
scale  of  a  fuse. 

Lastr-olina  dim.,  -6nc  augm.,  -uccia  spreg.\ 
-'.  Lastra. 

Lata  /. ;  in  pi.,  (mar.)  beams  to  which  the 
boards  of  the  deck  are  nailed. 

Latamente ;  —  Largamente. 

Latamo  m. ;  swift  parrakeet  of  Tasmania. 

Latebra  /.  (L.) ;  hiding-place. 


LATENTE— LAUDEMIO 


331 


Latente  (L.,  root  la,  to  be  hidden,  cp.  Gr. 
\ai'0dvia,  to  escape  notice,  Aijffy,  forgetfulness) ; 
as  E. 

Lateral-e  (L.);  lateral.    Aff.  -mente. 

Laterd.no  m. ;  the  Papal  palace  at 
Rome,  which  like  the  Vatican  remains 
under  Papal  jurisdiction,  not  under  that 
of  the  Italian  Government. 

Latercolo  »i.  •  (geom.)  one  of  the  infinitely 
short  lines  which  constitute  a  curve,  'small  brick. 

Latere  ;  A  — ,  a  Latin  phrase  used 
in  Italian  as  (i)  close  beside,  (2)  Am- 
basciatore  a  latere,  Papal  envoy  ex- 
traordinary, or  formerly,  Papal  legate 
governing  one  of  the  provinces  of  the 
Papal  states. 

Latere'se///. ;  salted  ribs  of  pork. 

Laterinay^;  the  name  of  a  place  near  Arezzo, 
used  punningly  by  Boccaccio  for  Latrina. 

Lateritey; ;  an  ingredient  of  hydraulic  cement. 

Laterizio  (L.,< later,  brick);  made 
of  terracotta. 

*  Latesso  o*rV. ;  bordering  on. 
*Latezza/!;  latitude. 
*Latibolo  ;«.;  hiding-place. 

Latice  (Lattice)  m.  (L.) ;  (bot.)  milky 
juice  in  plants. 

Laticlavio  m.',  broad  purple  band  on  the  tunic 
worn  by  the  ancient  Roman  senators. 
Latifdlio ;  broad-leaved. 

Latifdndo  m.  (L.);  wide  tract  of 
country  belonging  to  a  single  owner. 

Latin -accio /^f . ;  -aggine  or  -ame,  scherz., 
Latin:  -am6nte;  -eggiare,  to  use  Latin  construc- 
tions in  writing  Italian ;  -eria,  the  Latin  world  of 
the  Roman  Church ;  v.  -o. 

•Latinetto  w.;  =  Latinuccio.    As  adj.,  easy,  v. 
*  Latino. 

Latini&no;  relating  to  Brunette  Latini. 

Latin-ismo  »:..  -ista  tn.\  latinism,  latinist. 

Latinita/ ;  latinity.  Bassa  — ,  folk- 
Latin,  that  spoken  by  the  common 
people,  which  formed  one  of  the  bases 
of  the  Romance  languages,  often  giving 
rise  to  words,  such  as  the  It.  battaglia 
for  L.  pugna,  battle,  which  could  not 
have  been  formed  out  of  the  words 
with  the  same  meaning  employed  by 
the  literary  classes.  It  is  thus  distinct 
in  some  measure  from  late  or  medieval 
Latin,  which  is  Latin  adapted  by  the 
medieval  monks,  lawyers  and  so  on,  to 
their  literary  requirements,  and  includes 
a  number  of  words  borrowed  from 
Greek.  This  distinction,  however,  is 
not  always  observed  by  modern  ety- 
mologists, and  both  forms  are  often 
called  late  Latin. 

Latinizz-amento,  -are;  latinising,  etc. 

Latln-o(L.);  i.  Latin.  2.  fig. scherz. 
language  generally;  II  denaro  e  un  — 
che  P  intendon  tutti,  money  is  a  language 
understood  by  everybody.  So,  In  buon 
— ,  clearly,  intelligibly.  3.  (mar.)  lateen 
sail,  or  lateen-rigged  craft,  i.e.  with 
triangular  sails.  4.  Quartiere  — ,  at 
Paris,  the  students'  quarter. 

*  i.  easy  to  do.     ii.  in  easy  circumstances,     iii.  — 
di  bocca,  with  a  ready  flow  of  bad  language ;  —  di 
mano,  ready  with  his  fists,    iv.  discourse,  doctrine, 
v.   In  suo  — ,  in  his  native  tongue,     vi.   Fare  il  —  a 
cavallo,  to  do  a  thing  under  compulsion,  viz.  for  fear 
of  being  flogged   like  a  horse,      vii.    Fare  i  -i   per 
passivo,  to  be  in  great  suffering. 

Latinonim  m. ;  spreg.  Latin  jargon. 

Latinuccio  m.\    i.    spreg.    Latino,     a.    short 
Latin  sentences  for  translation  by  school-boys. 
Latir&stri ;  flat-beaked  (birds). 


Latitante  ;  in  hiding  from  justice. 

*  Latit are  (L.  latrre) :  to  hide  (intr.). 
Latitudine  f.  (L.);    i.    width.     2.    (either^. 

or    as    in   geogr.)    latitude ;    —    stimata,    by    dead 
reckoning. 

Latmio ;  (geogr.)  tbe  valley  in  Asia  Minor 
where  Diana  fell  in  love  with  Endymion. 

Lato  m.  (L.  latus);  \.  side.  2.  as 
adj.,  wide. 

*i.  place  in  a  book.  ii.  Dare  il  — •,  to  expose  an 
unguarded  flank,  lay  oneself  open.  iii.  square  root 
of  a  number,  iv.  (tnns.)  the  fourth  and  fifth  notes 
of  an  octave  were  called  Lati.  v.  a  fish  resembling 
the  Ombrina.  vi.  A — a — ,  successively,  vii.  eighth 
part  of  a  folio  sheet  of  paper. 

Lat6mia  or  Latomia  f.  (Gr.  Aaro/ii'a) ;  the 
stone  quarries  at  Syracuse  used  anciently  as  prisons. 

Lat6nay".;  (mar.)  augm.  Lata. 

Latdre  m.  (L.);  bearer  (of  a  letter). 
Latrare  (L.) ;  to  bark. 

Latrea^;  (bat.)  tooth-wort,  Lathraea  stjua- 
titariit. 

Latr-fa  /  (Gr.  \arpeia) ;  divine  ser- 
vice. 

Latrina  /  (L.,  contr.  of  lavatrina) ; 
latrine. 

Latrinaio  ;//. ;  attendant  at  public 
latrines. 

Latro/».;  =  Ladro,  thief. 

Latta/  (O.H.G.  latta,  thin  plate, 
cp.  E.  lath,  Germ.  Latte ;  the  root  form 
is  slat,  cp.  Irish  slath);  i.  tinned  sheet 
iron,  tinplate.  2.  can.  3.  slap,  crushing 
in  a  person's  hat.  4.  (mar.)  v.  Latte(B). 

Lattaio  m.,  -a/;  i.  milk-dealer. 
2.  tinsmith.  3.  as  adj.,  of  a  cow,  good 
milker. 

Lattaibla/. ;  (bot.)  v.  Lattugaccio. 

Lattaiblo  m. ;  milk-tooth,  ta  sort 
of  milk  omelette. 

Lattare;  i.  =Allattare,  to  suckle. 
2.  (mar.)  to  batten  down. 

Lattaria/:;  (tat.)  spurge,  Euphorbia. 

Lattata/  ;  =  Orzata,  barley-water. 

*  Fare  una  — ,  to  bring  more  wine  after  the  guests 
have  already  eaten  and  drunk  well.     Pigliarsi  una 
—  d'  una  cosa,  to  get  a  good  scolding. 

Lattatfna/;  weak  barley-water. 

Lattato  ;  milky  white.  As  sb., 
(chem.)  lactate. 

Latte  m.  (A)  (L.  lactem);  i.  milk. 
2.  iron  slag.  Phrases:  3.  Mezzo  — , 
half  the  wages  of  a  wet-nurse  given  in 
charity  to  a  poor  mother  without  milk 
for  her  baby.  4.  Figliolo  di  — ,  foster- 
child.  5.  Avere  ancora  il  —  alia  bocca, 
or  sulla  bocca,  ecc.,  to  be  still  quite 
young.  So  also,  Gli  puzza  ancora  la 
bocca  di  — .  6.  Far  venire  il  —  alle 
ginocchia,  i.e.  to  be  wearisomely  affec- 
tionate. 7.  Notar  in  un  mar  di  — ,  to  be 
very  pleased.  8.  —  di  gallina,  (a)  milk 
and  eggs  beaten  up,  (b)  any  delicate  food, 
(c)  (bot.)  lilywort  or  star  of  Bethlehem, 
Ornilhogalum  umbellatum.  9.  —  di 
luna,  plate  powder.  10.  —  di  vecchia, 
a  superior  kind  of  Rosolio.  1 1.  —  ver- 
ginale,  a  cosmetic.  12.  Aringhi  di  — , 
male  herrings,  the  females  are  Aringhe 
d' ova.  13.  milky  juice  of  certain  plants. 
14.  Fiore  di  — ,  cream.  15.  Esser  tutto 
—  e  sangue,  to  have  a  fresh  white  and 
pink  complexion. 


Latte  f,  ft.  (B)  (?/.  Latta);  (mar.)  i.  cross 
carlings.  2.  —  dei  boccaporti,  battens  of  the  hatches. 
3.  —  diagonal!,  frame-riders,  diagonal  plates. 

Latteggiare  iml.  latte"ggio;  i.  of 
half-ripe  corn,  etc.,  to  be  milky.  2.  in 
painting,  to  lighten  a  colour  by  going 
over  it  with  a  dry  brush. 

*Lattemele  m. ;  whipped  cream. 

*  Lattente ;  milk-giving. 

Latteo;  i.  milky.     2.  male  (fish). 
Latteria/  ;  a  milk  business. 

Latterino  in.  ;  i.  —  sardaro,  fresh-water 
atherine,  A  tkerina  hepsetus,  locally  termed  Gerao. 
2.  —  commie,  common  atherine,  Atherinn  mochon, 
locally  termed  Anguella. 

*Latteruolo  >«.;  milk  food. 

Lattiw.//.;  i.  iron  slag.     2.  testicles  of  fish. 

Latticcio  ///. ;  v.  Lattificio. 

Lattice :  v.  Latice. 

Latticinio  m. ;  milk  food. 

Latticino  m. ;  (bot,)  Scorzonera,  a  genus  of 
Compositae ',  two  species,  5".  hispanicti  and  de- 
liciosa,  have  a  root  like  that  of  a  parsnip. 

Latticinoso;  milky. 

Latticrepolo  ;«. ;  i.q.  Latticino. 

Lattiera  / ;  milk-jug. 

Lattjferp;  lactiferous. 

Lattificio  m. ;  milky  juice  of  unripe  figs. 

Lattifugo ;  (ined.)  lactifuge. 

Lattfm-e  (Lattume)  m.;  milk-scab, 
in  babies.  Morira  di  — ,  iron,  of  a 
malade  imaginaire.  Similarly,  iron.,  of 
a  person  dying  in  extreme  old  age,  fe 
morto  di  — .  Aff.  -oso. 

Lattina  f.;  (.chem.)  sugar  of  milk. 

Lattivdndolo  m.  •  milk  vendor. 

*  Lattizio  m. ;  skin  of  a  suckling  animal. 

Latton-are  ind.  lattono;  to  crush. 
Aff.  -ata,  v.  Lattone. 

Latt6ne  m.  (augm.  Latta) ;  blow 
with  the  open  hand,  e.g.  on  a  person's 
hat. 

*  i.  apparatus  for  roasting,    ii.  as  adj.,  suckling. 

Lattonzolo  m. ;  suckling  calf. 

*Lattosay^;  milk-sugar. 

Lattoscbpio  >n. ;  instrument  for  testing  the 
richness  of  milk. 

Lattovaro  m.  ;  =  Elettuario,  electuary. 

Lattuca ;  v.  Lattuga. 

Lattucario ;  (med.)  lettuce  opium,  prepared 
from  the  Lactuca  virosa. 

Lattucina  f. ;  a  bitter  extract  of  Lactuca 
virosa.. 

Lattuga  /  (L.  lactuca);  i.  (bot.) 
lettuce,  Lactuca  saliva ;  — •  romana,  Cos 
lettuce,  the  long-leaved  variety ;  — 
virosa,  wild  lettuce,  with  narcotic  pro- 
perties, Lactuca  scariola  or  virosa ;  - 
di  mare,  sea  lettuce,  Ulva  lactuca. 
2.  ornamental  collar,  ruff,  or  similar 
ornamentation  on  the  shirt  sleeves, 
ruffles. 

Lattugaccia/;  pegg.  Lattuga. 
Lattugaccio   m. ;    (bot.)  gum  succory,  Cfton- 
drilla  juttcea,  also  termed  Lattaiola. 

*  Lattughevole;  like  lettuce. 
LattughinayC;  dim.  vfzz.  Lattuga. 
Lattughini    m.  pi.  ;   (bot.)  lamb's  lettuce,  v. 

Favette. 

LattugAna  / ;  augm.  Lattuga  (i). 
Lattugone  m. ;  aitgm.  Lattuga  (2). 

*  Lattume  ;  ?/.  Lattime. 
Lat us ;  Ad  — ,  v.  Latere. 
Lauda,  Laude  f.\  hymn  of  praise. 
Laudabile ;=  Lodevole,  praiseworthy. 
Laudano  ;//.  (Gr.  A«Sai<oi'):  laudanum. 
Laud-are  and  derivs.',  v.  Lod-. 
Laude  f.\  i.  v.  Lode.     2.  v.  Lauda. 

Laudemio  m.  (mlt.  laudimium,< 
laudem,  judgment,  v,  Lodo,  +  emere,  to 
buy) ;  premium  paid  on  renewing  the 
lease  of  a  farm. 

42 — 2 


332 

*Laudese,  Laudista  ?«. ;  chorister. 

Laudo  m. ;  i.  =Lodo,  arbitrator's 
judgment.  2.  =Liuto,  small  coasting- 
vessel. 

*  Laulo  tn.  ;  =  AvoIo,  grandfather. 
•Laura yC;  =  Gr.  Xotipa,  lane;  also,  later,  monas- 
tery where  each  monk  had  his  own  cell. 

i.     doctor's     degree. 


LAUDESE— LECCIO 


Laurea  /  ; 
2.  laurel  crown. 

Laureando  m. ;  candidate  for  the 
Laurea. 

Laureare  ind.  laureo  ;  to  confer  the 
Laurea. 

Laurentina/.;  (tot.)  bugle,  Ajuga  reptans. 

Laurenzia  f. ;  (tot.)  Ltmrencia,  a  genus  of 
sea-weeds. 

Laurenziana  /.;  (bat.)  elecampane,  Ittula 
Brita-nnica. 

Laureola  /. ;  (but.)  i.  —  maschia,  spurge 
laurel,  Daphne  lattreola.  2.  —  nana,  trailing 
daphne,  Daphne  cneorum,  also  termed  Timelea 
odorosa.  *  =  Aureola. 

Lauretan-o ;  of  Loreto.  Litania  -a,  i.e.  of  the 
Madonna,  as  distinct  from  a  litany  to  a  Saint. 

Laureto  in. ;  laurel  copse. 

Laurino ;  of  laurel. 

Lauro  m.  (L.);  (bat.)  i.  =  Alloro,  bay  tree, 
a.  —  ceraso,  the  common,  or  cherry  laurel,  Laurits 
laurocerasiis,  also  termed  —  ceraso  medicinale,  — 
di  Trebisonda.  3.  —  d*  Alessandria  or  ideo,  Alex- 
andrian laurel,  Ritscus  racetnosits.  4.  —  alessan- 
drino,  broad-leaved  pettigree,  KUSCKS  hypopkyllnm, 
also  termed  Bonifacio,  Vittorella.  5.  —  rosa,  oleander, 
Nerium  oleander.  6.  —  di  Giava,  mangosteen  tree, 
Garcinia  mangoslana. 

Laut-o  (L.,  <  lavere,  an  old  form  of 
lavare,  to  wash) ;  sumptuous,  splendid. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -^zza. 

*Lauzzino;  v.  Aguzzino. 

Lava/  (L.  lavare;  orig.,  therefore,  torrent); 
lava. 

Lavabile;  washable. 

Lavabo  m. ;  i.  (eccl.}  laver,  in  the 
sacristy  for  the  priest  to  wash  his  hands 
before  mass.  2.  paper  bearing  the 
prayers  to  be  recited  during  the  hand- 
washing,  Lavabo  inter  innocents,  etc. 
3.  the  place  in  the  service  where  the 
ceremony  of  washing  comes  in.  4.  lava- 
tory in  general. 

Lavacapo  m. ;  good  scolding. 

"Lavacarne  m.  ;=Sguattero,  scullion, 
t  Lavacchio  m. ;  sloppy  mess. 
*  Lavaceci  in. ;  worthless  fellow. 

Lavacro  m.  (L.) ;  bath. 
Lavaggio  ;;/. ;   washing  (earth)  for 
gold,  etc. 

Lavagna/;  i.  slate.   2.  blackboard. 

Etytn.  Diez  traces  it  to  Low  German  lei,  slate, 
through  **  lei-anea,  Zambaldi  to  the  district  of  La- 
vagna near  Genoa,  but  it  is  more  likely  that  the 
Germanic  derivation  is  correct,  the  district  taking  its 
name  from  the  mineral. 

Lavagn-ino  or  -6so  ;  with  a  slaty  cleavage. 

Lavaman-e,  -i,  or  -o  m. ;  three-legged 
washstand. 

Lavanda/  ;  i.  washing,  esp.  washing 
the  whole  body.  2.  (eccl.)  ceremonial 
washing  the  feet  of  twelve  poor  persons 
on  Holy  Thursday.  3.  =Lavandula. 

Lavandai-a/,  -0  m.  ;laundry-woman, 
-man. 

Lavand-ara,  -aro;  =  -aia,  -aio. 
*  Lavandario  m. ;  water-jug. 

Lavanderia  / ;  laundry. 

Lavandula/  (It.  lavanda,  as  being 
the  plant  with  which  bath-water  was 
scented);  (hot.)  lavender,  v.  Spigo. 


Lavanese  m.;  (itf<.)=Capraggine,  goat's  rue. 

Lavapiatti;  v.  Lavascodelle. 

Lav-are  (L.,  root  /«,  cp.  Gr.  Xouo>, 
to  wash,  L.  luere) ;  to  wash.  Prov. 
Una  man  -a  1'  altra  e  tutte  due  -ano  il 
viso,  i.e.  people  should  be  always  ready 
to  assist  each  other.  -  il  capo  a,  to 
scold.  -  il  capo  all'  asino,  i.e.  to 
benefit  the  ungrateful.  -  la  bocca 
d'  uno,  to  speak  very  badly  of  him. 
Pan  -ato,  bread  soaked  in  water  and 
served  with  oil  and  vinegar. 

Lavarello  m.;  (>«ar.)=Gatta,  "manger." 

Lavar6ne  in. ;  rubbish  washed  up 
by  the  sea  or  by  a  river. 

Lavascodelle  ;«. ;  scullery-maid. 

Lavat-a/  ;  washing.    Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Lavativo  m. ;  i.  enema,  injection. 
2.  fig.  a  bad  purchase,  or  good-for- 
nothing  person. 

Lav-atofno  HI.,  dim.  of  -atoio ;  -at6io 
;«.,  public  wash-house;  -at6ra/,  wash- 
erwoman ;  -at6re  m.,  laundryman  ; 
-atura  f.,  washing,  or  dirty  water  after 
washing,  -atura  di  fiaschi,  spreg.,  poor 
wine. 

t  Lave  f.  pi. ;  glacier  striations  upon  rocks. 

Lave'ggio  m.  (prob.  from  Gr.  Xe/Sijr, 
pot,  through  bit.  **lebetium] ;  cooking- 
pot.  *  warming-pan  for  the  hands. 

*  Lavello    tn.    (L.    labellum,   dim.    of   labrum, 
syncop.  from  lavabrum,  bathing-tub) ;  i.  =  Lavatoio, 
wash-house,     ii.    water   in    which  blacksmiths  cool 
their  hot  iron. 

*Lavetta/;  stand  for  mounting  cannon. 

Lavezzara  f.,  or  Lavezzo  m. ;  a  kind  of 
potter's  clay,  or  vessel  made  therefrom. 

*  Lavico ;  resembling  lava. 

Lavina  f. ;  landslide,  avalanche. 

Etym.  Either  mlt.  labina,  <  L.  labi,  to  slide, 
or  O.H.G.  leu-inn,  \\hich  is  connected  with  Germ. 
Ian,  warm,  and  Bavarian  liiiien,  melting  snow. 

Lavor-abile,  -acchiare  to  work  feebly;  11. 
-are. 

Lavoraccio  m. ;  pegg.  or  spreg.  of  Lavoro. 

Lavor-are,  -ante  workman,  -ativo,  -atdra, 
-atbre,  -atrice,  -atura,  -azione,  -ettino  or 
-etto  dim.,  -icchiare  to  work  a  very  little,  -ino 
dim.  -io  intense  toil ;  v.  Lavoro. 

Lav6ro  m.  (L.  labor,  the  original  meaning  of 
which  was  "heavy  weight,"  perhaps  akin  to  labat-e, 
to  totter,  sink  under  a  weight,  z1.  Skeat,  sub  Labour, 
Lapse);  labour,  or  the  work  produced  thereby.  In 
pi.,  works,  place  of  working. 

Lavor-6ne  a»gtn.,  -ucchiare  i.q.  -icchiare, 
-ucciaccio  dim.  pegg.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg.;  -.'. 
Lavoro. 

Lazio  m.;  Latium. 
*Lazioney".  (L.  latio);  bringing. 
*  Lazza  f. ;  =  Lavina. 

Lazz-accio/Vfy,  -are  vb.;  v.  Lazzo. 

Lazzaretto ;  v.  Lazzeretto. 

Lazzaristi  m.  ;=Padri  della  Mis- 
sione,  an  Order  founded  by  S.  Vincent 
de  Paul  in  1624. 

Lazzaro  m. ;  =  Lazzarone. 
Lazzardl-o,  -a;  v.  Lazzerol-o,  -a. 

Lazzeggiare ;  —  Lazzare,  to  gibe. 
Lazz-erdtto   or   -are"tto  m. ;   fever 
hospital. 

Lazzerdl-o.  Lazzardl-o.  Azzer61-o,  Az- 
zar61-o  (Lazzeruolo,  Azzeruolo)  in.  (Arabic  zazora, 
or  with  the  article  az-zazora,  the  I  in  Lazzerolo 
being  the  Italian  article);  i.  tree  or  fruit  of  the 
Azarole  cherry  or  Neapolitan  medlar,  which  is  really 
a  species  of  hawthorn,  Crataegvs  azarolns,  also 
termed  Porno  imperiale.  a.  —  spinoso,  cockspur 
thorn,  Cratatgus  cms  galli.  Aff.  -a,  the  fruit  of 
these  shrubs. 

Lazzctto  tn. ;  dim.  vezz.  Lazzo. 

Lazzo  m.  (prob.  a  variant  of  Lazzo, 
sour) ;  gibe. 


Lazzo  (prob.  <  L.  acidus,  with  the 
article)  ;  sour,  sharp. 


Le  ;  i.  fern,  dative,  to  her.  The  usual  form  is 
Gli,  Le  being  employed  in  the  polite  form  of  address. 
2.  ft'in.  plur.  them. 

*  Le'  or  Lei  ;  short  for  Legge,  law. 
Leagno  tn.',  (&>A)  =  Olivagno,  wild  olive. 

Leal-e  (early  Fr.  leial,  <  L.  legalis)  ; 
sincere,  true.  (Elezione)  poco  —  ,  un- 
fairly conducted.  Aff.  -mdnte,  -ta. 

Leandro  tn.;  —  Oleandro. 
Leano  in.  ;  Bohemian  olive. 

*  Leanza  f.  ;  =  Lealtii. 

Leardo  ;  dapple  grey. 

Etym.  Old  Fr.  Hard,  grey,  which  may  be 
from  lit,  lees  of  wine,  a  Celtic  word. 

Leatico  in.  ;  =  Aleatico,  a  variety  of  vine. 
•Lebbio  w;.;  =  Ebbio,  ground  elder. 

L<§bbr-a/  (L.,  <  Gr.  Xe'wpa)  ;  leprosy. 
Aff.  -6so. 

*  Lecano-mante  m.  ;  (Gr.  A»«anj,  basin)  diviner 
by  cabalistic  jewels  thrown  into  a  basin  of  water. 
Ajf.  -manzla. 

Lecan6metro  tn.  ;  apparatus  to  measure  the 
pelvis. 

Lecanora  f.  ;  (M.)  cudbear,  Lecanora  tar- 
tarea,  a  lichen. 

*  Lecca  m.  ;  =  Lecchino.    t  v.  Lizza  (B). 
t  Leccagnacchere  m.  ;  =  Lecchino. 

*  Leccapestelli  in.  ;  =  Leccone. 
*Leccapeverada  m.  ;  parasite.    , 

Leccapiatti  m.  ;  guzzler. 

Leccarda/;  =  Ghiotta,  dripping-pan. 

*  Leccardo  ;  greedy. 

Lecc-are  ind.  tecco  (cogn.  Germ. 
lecken,  Fr.  Ucher,  Proven^.  lecar,< 
O.H.G.  lecMn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lick)  ;  to 
lick,  to  graze,  fig.  to  make  a  small  profit. 
—  e  non  mordere,  to  be  content  with 
a  small  profit.  In  painting,  to  finish 
very  minutely;  so,  of  a  lady,  -arsi,  to 
get  herself  up;  something  more  than 
Lisciarsi,  to  make  herself  tidy  ;  -ato,  of 
poetry,  affected. 

•Leccasanti  in.  ;=Bacchettone,  bigot. 

Leccascodelle  m.  ;  =  Leccapiatti. 

*Leccataglieri  m.;  =  Leccapiatti. 

Leccatame'nte  ;  affectedly. 

Leccatfna  /  ;  a  light  touch,  or  a 
small  irregular  profit  or  secret  com- 
mission. 

Leccat6re  m.  ;  v.  Leccare. 

Leccatur-a  f.  ;  i.  v.  Leccare  in  fig. 
senses.  2.  marks  of  moth  eating. 
3.  slight  wound.  Aff.  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

Leccazampe  m.  ;  flatterer. 

Leccc;  i.  the  name  of  a  place  near  Brindisi. 
2.  Comma  di  —  ,  exudation  from  the  bark  of^an 
olive  tree  ;  it  gives  off  a  fragrant  odour  on  being 
rubbed  with  a  hot  iron  ;  Olio  di  —  ,  an  impure  olive 
oil  containing  essence  of  turpentine. 
•Lecceria./;  lechery. 

Lecc^t-a  /,  -o  HI.  ;  copse  of  ilex  ; 
fig.  entanglement. 

Lecce'tto  in.  ;  young  ilex. 

*  Leccheggio  tn.  ;  =  Lacchezzo,  tit-bit. 

*  Leccheria  f.  ;  =  Leccornia,  delicacy. 
Lecchetto  m.  ;  dim.  Lecco.    As  adj.,  dainty, 

nice. 

*Lecchezzo  m.;~  Leccheggio. 

Lecchino  m.  ;  i  .  fop.  2.  in  machinery, 
motion-wiper. 

L6ccia/  ;  ilex  acorn.    \v.  Lizza  (B). 

*  Lecciastrellay!  ;  wild  iiex,  also  termed  Sfiocine. 
Leccino  adj.;  v.  Leccio. 

L6ccio  m.  (L.  ilex);  ilex,  holm  oak, 
Quercus  ilex.  —  affricano,  African  ilex, 


LEGCO— LEGNO 


333 


Cliffortia  ilicifolia.  -  spinoso,  holly, 
Ilex  aquifolium.  Ulivo  — ,  a  hardy 
variety  of  olive.  tMontare  sul  — ,  to 
be  a  fop. 

Lecco  m.  (It.  leccare) ;  i.  tit-bit. 
2.  =Sussi,  centre,  mark.  Prov.  Come 
il  --  nella  muriella,  like  the  central 
piece  in  playing  at  squails,  i.e.  essential 
to  the  proceedings.  3.  at  billiards,  = 
Pallino.  4.  at  bowls,  the  jack.  *  — 
fermo,  a  kind  of  usury. 

Ldccone  m.;  \.  greedy  person. 
2.  flatterer.  3.  effeminate  fop.  tcon- 
ceited  person. 

Lecconerfa  / ;  v.  Leccornia. 

tLiccorayl;  =  Cuccagna,  land  of  plenty. 

Leccornia,  Lecconeria/;  tit-bit. 
Leccucchiare  ;  freq.  of  Leccare. 

*  Leccuginey!;  =  Lecco. 

Leccume  m. ;  dainties. 

*  Lece  ;  v.  Lecito. 

Le'cit-o  (L.  licitus);  permissible. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

Lec6ra  f.  ;  =  Lucarino,  siskin. 

Leda_/!;  a  genus  of  marine  molluscs. 
Ledere  perf.  lesi,  part.  leso(L.);  to  injure. 

*  Ledire  ;  =  Ledere. 

Ledo  in. ;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  heaths,  Ledum. 

Led6nico;  Acido  — ,  essence  of  Ledum  pa- 
lustre,  the  wild  Bohemian  rosemary,  one  of  the 
materials  in  scenting  Russia  leather. 

t  Ledrp  m. ;  Dare  il  —  a  uno,  (a)  to  give  up  the 
game  to  him,  (A)  =  Allettare,  to  allure. 

*  Leea  or  Leena  f. ;  lioness. 

*  Lefante ;  =  Elefante. 

Le'ga  /  (A)  (L.  leuca,  from  a  Gallic 
word);  league,  a  measure  varying  in 
different  localities,  usually  about  three 
miles. 

(B)  (It.  legare);   I.  political  league. 
2.  in  the  Florentine  republic,  a  division 
of  the  rural  militia,  v.  Faggia.     3.  strap 
or  band  of  metal  joining   two   things 
together.     4.  (arch.)  in  pi.,  long  squared 
stones  for  forming  a  good  bond  in  a  wall. 

(C)  (L.  lex,  cp.  Fr.  aloi,  <  L.  adlegem, 
the  alloy  permitted  by  law  in  coinage) ; 
alloy  of  different  metals.     Di  buona — , 
fig.  of  good  quality.    Gente  d'  una  certa 

— ,  in  bad  sense,  people  of  a  certain 
class.  Of  cement,  Esser  di  —  veloce, 
to  set  quickly. 

*i.  cage  for  animals  or  fish.     ii.  —  sigillata,  coin. 
*Legaccetto  M.;  package. 

Legaccio  m.,  Legaccia  f.  or  Legac- 
ciolo  m. ;  band,  fastening,  garter. 

*  Legaggio  m.;  \.  tying  up  packages  or  payment 
therefor,    ii.  wrapper,    iii.  =  Fattura,  invoice,    iv.  al- 
loy, in  coinage. 

Legal-e;  legal.  As  ^..lawyer.  Aff.  -ita, 
•izjare,  -izzazione,  -m^ntc,  -uccio  spreg.,  paltry  at- 
torney. 

Legame  ;«. ;  bond.  In  canon  law, 
the  bar  of  an  existing  marriage  against 
a  bigamous  one. 

Legame'nto  m. ;  i.  fastening  or  point 
of  fastening.  2.  =  Ligamento.  3.  (mar.) 
in  pi.,  all  the  pieces  in  a  ship  which 
strengthen  its  construction. 

Leg-are  ind.  l^go  -hi  (Ligare)  (A) 
(L.  ligare,  from  the  same  root  as  Gr. 
\vyos,  withy,  Xvyi'm,  to  tie)  ;  I.  to  tie, 
tie  up.  2.  to  bind  (a  book).  3.  (mar.) 
to  seize.  4.  to  set  (jewels) ;  —  a  notte, 


a  giorno,  to  set  with,  or  without,  a 
backing  of  paper.  5.  part,  -ato,  (a) 
(mus.)  slurred  (note),  (6)  stiff  (style) 
either  in  literature,  painting,  or  music. 

(B)  (It.  lega,  C);  to  form  an  alloy. 
Lo  zinco  -a  col  rame  e  forma  1'  ottone, 
zinc  forms  an  alloy  with   copper   and 
makes  brass.    Similarly,  of  things  which 
will  not  mix  well,   Latte  col  vino  non 
-a,  milk  and  wine  are  not  to  be  drunk 
together. 

(C)  (L.  legare,  <  lex,  law.    Lex,  how- 
ever, is  derived  from  or   closely  con- 
nected  with  llgo  and   lego  with   ligo, 
ligare,  so  that  the  two  Latin  sources  of 
the    Italian   legare   are    fundamentally 
the  same) ;  to  bequeath. 

*i.  —  sponsalizio,  to  contract  a  marriage,  ii.  to 
wager,  iii.  of  fruit,  to  set ;  of  a  graft,  to  take ;  7'. 
Allegare.  iv.  -arsi  le  scarpe  bene,  or  con  le  minuge, 
fig.  to  run  hard.  v.  Ha  -ato  (sc.  1'  asino),  he  is  gone 
to  sleep,  vi.  to  send,  as  an  ambassador. 

Legataccia  /  ;  loose  tying  up. 
Legatari-o  m.,  -a/  ;  legatee. 

*  Legatia  f. ;  alloy  in  coins. 

Legatina/ ;  slight  fastening. 

Legato  m.;  i.  ambassador.    2.  Papal 

legate,   Cardinal   appointed   to   govern 

a  province,  or  to  act  as  an  ambassador ; 

—  a  latere,  ambassador  extraordinary. 

3.  legacy.     *bundle. 

Legatore  m. ;  i.  book-binder. 
2.  jewel-setter. 

Legatur-a/;  i.  book-binding.  2.  = 
tratto  d'  unione,  hyphen.  3.  union  of 
two  vowels  into  a  diphthong  in  printing. 

4.  impotence    induced    by   witchcraft. 

5.  fastening,  lashing.     6.  point  at  which 
a  fastening  is  placed.     7.  (mus.~)  slur ; 
also,  tie.     8.  (surg.)  —  Allacciatura,  liga- 
ture.    9.   (arch.)  bond.     10.  fig.  fetter, 
limitation.     Aff.  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

*Legatuzzo  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Legato,  legacy. 

*  Legazia  f. ;  office  or  residence  of  a  legate. 

Le'gg-e  (Le,  Lei,  Leie)  /  (L.  lex,  v. 
Legare,  B) ;  law.  Far  le  -i,  fig.  to  lay 
down  the  law,  dictate  to  people.  Simi- 
larly, Di  — ,  of  necessity.  Entro  nella 
societa  di  — ,  he  went  into  society  be- 
cause he  was  obliged.  Ho  dovuto 
prestargli  cento  lire  di  — ,  he  absolutely 
had  to  lend  him  a  hundred  francs. 
L'  ha  voluto  di  — ,  he  absolutely  in- 
sisted on  it. 

Leggend-a,  -ario,  -uccio  dim.;  legend,  etc. 

Leggere  perf.  lessi  leggdsti,  parts. 
letto  *lesso  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Legend) ; 
to  read.  -  la  vita  a  uno,  to  speak 
badly  of  him. 

*i.  —  sul  libro  d'  uno,  or  Leggergli  la  vita,  to 
criticise,  speak  of  a  man's  errors,  ii.  =  Eleggere,  to 
choose,  iii.  Mandate  a  — ,  to  pawn.  iv.  —  d'  al- 
cuna  cosa  in  cattedra,  to  be  very  familiar  with  it. 

Legger-o (-e);  =  Leggiero,light.  Aff. 
-dtto,  -ino  dims.,  -dzza,  -me'nte. 

*  keggi ;  Seta  — ,  a  superior  kind  of  silk. 
Leggiaccia/:;  ftgg.  Legge,  bad  law;  in  pi., 

harsh  conditions. 

Leggiadr-o  (for  *»  leggiardo,  <  It. 
leggiero  or  its  prototype  **leguiarius 
with  Germanic  suffix,  v.  -ardo,  supra  in 
loco) ;  graceful,  pretty.  *as  sb.,  beau. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -e"tto  dim.,  -fa  sb. 


Leggiaiblo  (Leggiaio)  m.;  i.  =  Le- 
guleio.  2.  hard,  unyielding  person. 

Leggibil-e;  legible.     Ajf.  -mente. 
Legg-icchiare,  -ucchiare;  spreg.  to  read  a 
little. 

Legg-iero  or  -ero,  pop.  -ieri  or  -eri 

(bit.  ** leguiarius,  <  **leguis,  =  L.  lei/is, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Levity,  Light);  light. 

Leggfna/  (dim.  vezz.  Legge);  i.  = 
Bizza,  whim.  2.  law  of  minor  import- 
ance. 

Legglo  m. ;  reading-desk. 

*i.  Stare  a  — ,  to  be  a  lawyer.  ii.  easel, 
iii.  pulpit,  iv.  as  adj. ,~  Motliccio,  soft. 

Leggiuccia/I;  spreg.  Legge,  stupid  law. 

Leggi-uccio  (-uzzo)  m. ',  dim.  sprfg.  Leggio. 

Leggiuchiare ;  v.  Leggicchiare. 

Legi6n-e/:  (L.);  legion.    Aff.  -ario. 

Legisla-tivo,  -t6re,  -trice,  -tura,  -zibne; 
as  E. 

L-egista  in. ;  legist. 

Legittima./;  the  part  of  a  deceased  person's 
estate  assured  by  law  to  his  heirs  irrespectively  of 
his  will. 

Legittim-am£nte,  -are,  -azi6ne,  -ista, 
-ita,  -o;  as  E. 

L6gna/! ;  firewood,  v.  Legno. 

Legnacci-ayi,  -o  m. ;  pegg.  of  Legna, 
Legno. 

Legnaceo  ;  woody. 

Legnaggio  m. ;  =  Lignaggio,  lineage. 

Legnaia  f.\  i.  wood-store.  2.  a 
suburb  of  Florence.  3.  scherz.  Andare 
a  — ,  to  be  beaten ;  Portar  cavoli  a  — , 
•v.  Cavolo. 

Legnaio  m. ;  wood-seller.  *pile  of 
wood. 

Legnaiolo  ;//. ;  cabinet-maker. 
Legname  m. ;  timber. 

Legnare  ind.  le"gno;  to  beat.  *intr. 
to  gather  firewood. 

Legnata/ ;  blow.  Belle  mi'  legnate, 
wouldn't  I  give  it  him  ! 

Legnatico  m.  •  right  of  cutting  fire- 
wood. 

Legnatfna/  ;  dim,  or  iron.  Legnata. 
Legnatura/ ;  beating. 

Legn-dtta  f. ;  dim.  Legna. 

Legn-£tto  m. ;  dim.  -o.  Aff.  -ettino 
sub-dim. 

Legnino  m. ;  dim.  Legno,  carriage. 

Legniperda_/;;  cadtlis-worm,  larva  of  the  May- 
fly. 

Ldgn-o  (Ligno)  m.  (L.  lignum,  < 
legere,  to  gather) ;  the  pi.  is  Legni  m., 
Legne,  or  Legna/,  with  different  mean- 
ings, as  shown  below;  i.  wood;  Pan 
di  —  e  vin  di  nuvoli,  chestnuts  to  eat 
and  water  to  drink;  Teste  di  — , 
marionettes.  2.  log.  3.  club.  4.  Legna, 
as  /  pi.  of  Legno,  or  as  f.  sing,  with 
Legne  as  /  pi.,  the  meaning  in  each 
case  being  "firewood";  Mettere  -a 
al  foco,  fig.  to  add  fuel  to  the  flame. 
5.  ship,jW.  Legni.  6.  carriage,//.  Legni; 
-  di  vettura,  fly;  —  signorile,  private 
carriage.  7.  (6af.)  (a)  —  santo,  guaiacum, 
Guaiacum  officinalc  or  G.  sanctum,  also 
termed  Albero  dagomma,  Guaiaco;  the 
epithet  of  sari*to  is  from  the  medicinal 
use  of  the  gum  in  curing  syphilis ;  (b)  — 


334 


dolce,  =  Regolizia,  liquorice  ;  (c)  —  santo 
nostrale,  European  date-plum,  v.  Ermel- 
lino  ;  (if)  —  verde,  greenheart,  Nectandra 
rodiaei. 

*i.  Tagliare  !e  -e  addosso  altrui,  to  find  fault  with 
him;  Tagliarsi  le  -e  addosso,  to  damage  one_self. 
ii.  —  della  notte,  rattle  for  waking  the  monks  in  a 
monastery,  iii.  spear,  iv.  tree,  D.  Par.  26.  115. 
v.  Morir  in  su  tre  -i,  on  the  gallows,  vi.  Primo  _  — 
del  carro,  D.  Purg.  32.  24,  pole  of  the  car.  vii.  guaia- 
cum,  v.  snpra  (7);  Pigliare  il  —  ,  to  take  guaiacum 
medicine. 

Legndla  /.;  (mar.)  measuring  line. 

Legnolaiio  m.  ;  =  Allorotino,  laurustinus. 

Legn6s-o;  woody.    Aff.  -duo  dim., 

-it<\  sl>. 

*Legnotto  ni.  ;  dim.  l.egno,  club. 

Legnuccio  m.  ;  dim.  spree;.  Legno  (5) 
or  (6). 

Legnudlo  m.  ;  (mar.)  strand  of  a 
rope. 

tLegolo  111.  ',  =  Lucignolo,  wick. 

*  Legorizia  f.  ;=  Regolizia,  liquorice. 

Leguleio  m.  ;  spreg.  lawyer. 

Legum-e  ni.  (L.)  ;  leguminous  plant,  -or  its 
pod.  In  fl.,  it  may  be  used,  not  quite  properly, 
for  vegetables  generally,  like  the  Fr.  Itgnmes.  Aff. 
-ina  vegetable  albumen,  -inoso. 

Lei  (L,.  illae);  now.  or  accusat.  for  Ella;  she, 
her,  or  with  a  capital  L,  you. 

*  Lei  f.\-  Legge,  law. 

L6ida/;  (geogr.)  Leyden  in  Holland. 
Boccia  di  —  ,  Leyden  jar. 

*  Leieyr^Legge,  law. 

Lelio  m.  ;  a  character  in  one  of 
Goldoni's  comedies,  become  proverbial 
for  a  liar. 

t  Leila  f.  (corr.  of  It.  enula,  with  the  article  ; 
enula  **enfla  **ella  **l'ella);=Elenio,  elecampane. 

*  Lellare  ;  =  Gingillare,  to  dally. 

*  Lellera  f.  ;  v  .  Ellera,  ivy. 

Lemanno;  Lago  —  ,  the  lake  of  Geneva  (Fr. 
L,  Ltman), 

Lembo  m.  (A)  (L.  limbus)  ;  i.  border, 
edge.  2.  limb,  graduated  edge  of  the 
circle  of  an  instrument  or  (astr.)  edge 
of  a  heavenly  body.  3.  (bot.)  flat  part 
of  any  organ  in  a  plant,  esp.  the  flat 
part  of  a  calyx,  such  as  that  of  the 
jessamine,  which  begins  as  a  tube  and 
then  expands  into  a  flat  part.  4.  flange 
on  the  end  of  an  iron  pipe. 

*i.  the  whole  of  a  dress,  ii.  Dare  il  —  ,  0rlem- 
buccio,  in  mano  altrui,  to  get  rid  of  him. 

*(B)  (L.,  =  Gr.  Ae'upot);  a  fast  sailing  felucca  or 
fast  galley. 

tLembrugi-o;  greedy,     -are;  to  eye  greedily. 

*Lembula/!;  dim.  Lembo  (B). 

Lemma  f.  (Gr.  Xij^^a);  i.  assumption. 
2.  (»«zM.)  lemma. 

Lemme  lemme  (prob.  <  It.  lene)  ; 
very  deliberately,  by  slow  degrees. 

Lemosl  m.  ;  (geogr.}  Limoges,  in 
France,  department  of  Haute  Vienne. 

Lemosina  ;  :-.  Limosina. 

Lemuraliy;  //.  ;  an  ancient  Roman  festival  held 
in  May  to  appease  the  ghosts  of  the  departed, 
Lemures, 

Lemur-e  m.  (L.)  ;  ghost.    Aff.  -io,  adj. 

Lena  f.  ;  (A)  short  for  Maddalena. 

(B)(It.alena,<alenare,foranelare,< 
L.  anhelare,  <  an,  for  ambi,  cp.  Gr.  a/afcl, 
+  halare,  to  breathe);  courage,  spirit 
to  exert  oneself.  Opera  di  lunga  —  , 
work  of  long-continued  effort. 

*i.  breathing,  ii.  resting,  repose,  iii.  A  basta 
—  ,  as  long  as  one  can.  tdregs  of  a  glass  or  bottle 
of  wine  ;  Hai  visto  la  —  in  fondo  al  fiasco,  said  to 
one  who  has  drunk  well. 

*Lenanzay^;  vigour,  v,  Lena^B). 

*  Lenare;  =  Allentare,  to  slacken. 

t  Lenca  m.  ',  Omo  del  —  ,  worthless. 


LEGNOLA— LEPRE 


Lfindine  m.  (bit.  **  lendinem,  =  L. 
lendem,  accus.  of  lens)  ;  nit,  louse's  egg. 

Lendinella  /;  a  kind  of  coarse  cloth. 
Lendin-ino   m.  or  -ina  f.  dim.,  -6so  adj.  ; 
t'.  Lendine. 

L6n-e  (L.):  soft,  gentle,  /^-eme'nte. 

Lene-o  ;  Bacchic.  -6ne  HI.  ;  Bacchus'  month, 
f>rob.  October. 

•Lengaio  >«.;  =  Linguaggio,  language. 

Len-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  soothe.  Aff. 
-ime'nto,  -itivo. 

Lenno  m.  ;  (A)  (geogr.)  the  island 
of  Lemnos. 

*(B)  in//.,  ropes  used  in  careening  a  galley. 
•Leno  (variant  of  Lene);  weak,  gentle,  pliable. 

Lenocinio  in.  (L.)  ;  pandering. 
Len6ne  m.  (L.)  ;  pimp. 


Leon-cello,  -cino  »?.;  lion-cub.  fAttaccati 
al  —  ,  attached  to  the  cub,  viz.  that  of  the  market- 
place at  Pistoia,  i.e.  desirous  of  returning  home, 
attached  to  home. 

Leon-e  or  pop.  Lione  m.  (L.,==Gr. 
AeW,  of  Egyptian  origin);  i.  lion  ; 
Bocca  del  —  ,  a  slit  in  the  wall  in  the 
Doge's  palace  at  Venice  for  receiving 
accusations  to  be  laid  before  the  Council 
of  Ten.  2.  melon,  fop,  spark.  3.  Fossa 
dei  -i,  (mar.)  boatswain's  store.  4.  Coda 
di  —  ,  (bot.)  =  Orobanche^  broom-rape. 


*  Lensa  ;  v.  Lenza. 

*  Lenta;  v.  Lente. 


gueld 


Lentaggine/;  i.  =  Lentezza.  2.  (A;/.)  (<i)  mealy 
der-rose,  v.  Viorno,  (b)  laurustinus,  v.  Alloro  (5). 


Lent-amente;   v.   -a.     -are  ;  =  Allentare,   to 


slacke 

Lente  (Lenta)/  (A)  (L.  lens,  lentil) ; 

1.  lentil,  Ervum  lens,  also  termed  Len- 
ticchia  ;    Passata  di  — ,  boiled  lentils 
passed  through  a  hair  sieve,  lentil  purt'e. 

2.  -  -    palustre,    duck-weed,    v.    Erba 
(106  bis).     3.    glass  lens.     4.  bob  of  a 
pendulum.     5.  (anat.)  lens  of  the  eye. 

(B)  (variant  of  Lento) ;  loose. 

Lenteggiare  ind.  lente'ggio ;  to  be 
loose. 

Lente'zza/;  i.  slowness.  2.  loose- 
ness, slackness. 

Lenti-ay:;  (war.)  parbuckle,  a  sling  made  by 
passing  both  ends  of  a  rope  through  its  bight,  and 
used  for  lowering  a  heavy  weight,  £'.  Boccadilupo. 
Aff.  -are  vt. 

Lentfcchia  f.  ;    i.  =  Lente,    lentil. 
2.  lentil-shaped  paste  for  soup.     3.  - 
palustre,  =  Lente  palustre,  v.  Lente  (2). 

*a  small  Spanish  gold  coin. 

Lenticella  f. ;  lenticular  gland,  rudimentary 
root  often  appearing  on  the  surface  of  the  stem  of 
a  tree  in  the  form  of  a  small  conical  swelling. 

Lenticolare  ;  (bat.  or  turn.)  lens-shaped. 

Lenticolaria/!;  i.  =  Lente  palustre,  duck-weed. 
2.  a  nummulite  fossil. 

Lentiggin-e  (Lintiggine)  /  (L.) ; 
freckle.  Aff.  -oso. 

*  LentigHa  f.',=  Lentiggine. 

Lentfna/i ;  dim,  Lente,  lens. 

Lentischino  adj.;  v.  Lentischio. 
Lentischio  in. ;  (hot.)  i.  mastic  tree,  r.  Mastice. 
2.  —  del  Peru,  Peruvian  mastic  tree,  Schinus  moll/. 
Lentisco ;  v.  Lentischio. 

Lento  (L.);  slow.  *i.  pliant,  ii. 
calm  (sea). 

*  Lento  ;«.  (L.  linter)\  a  two-masted  vessel. 
*Lentore/«.;  i.  =Lentezza.     ii.  viscidity. 
*Lentoso;  lazy. 

L&nza/.  (L.  tinfoOj  <  linum) ;  i.  fish- 
ing line.  2.  (mar.)  —  del  capone,  v. 
Ghia  (6). 

*i.  linen  bandage,     ii.  =  Alleanza,  alliance. 
L«nzara_/?;  =  Palamitp,  cross-line. 

*  Lenzare ;  v.  *  Lenza  (i)  and  (ii). 
Lenzol-accio^g-.,  -etto  -ino  dims.,  -uccio 

dim.  spreg.',  v.  Lenzuolo. 

Lenzuol-o  ;//.,  //.  -i  ;//.  or  -a/  (L. 
Unteolus^  <  linum)  ;  sheet,  in  //.,  bed- 
clothes. *Raffinare  i  -i,  to  stop  in  bed. 

*Leocorno  m. ;  =  Liocorno,  unicorn. 
Leofante  m.\  pop.  for  Elefante. 
Leonardesco ;  after  Leonardo  da  Vinci. 
Leonato;  i.  tawny.     2.  (herald.)  of  a  leopard, 
rampant  and  gardant. 


*i.  Avere  il  —  per  il  ciuffetto,  i.e.  to  be  enjoying 
something  under  great  risk.  ii.  Fare  le  volte  del  — 
to  walk  up  and  down  whilst  waiting,  iii.  an  old 
French  coin.  iv.  —  dei  metalli,  gold;  —  rosso, 
cinnabar. 

Leon  -esco  adj.,  -essa./;  v.  Leone. 

*Leonfante  ?n.\  =  Elefante. 

Leonin-o  ;  i.  of  a  lion;  Societa  -a, 
an  association  where  all  the  advantage 
is  on  one  side.  2.  Versi  -i,  verses  in 
which  the  end  rhymes  with  the  middle, 
e.g.  Quot  caelum  stellas  tot  habct  tua 
Romapuellas.  3.  Citta  -a,  the  quarter 
of  Rome  occupied  by  the  Vatican,  so 
called  because  built  under  Leo  IV. 

*  Leon  za  f.  ;  lioness  or  panther, 
Leopard-eggiare  vl'.t  -iano  adj.  ;   from  G. 

Leopard!  ,  the  poet. 

Leopardfto;  (herald.)  of  a  lion,  passant  and 
gardant. 

Leopardo  or  pop.  Liopardo  m.  (L.,  =  Gr. 
Aeon-apSos);  leopard.  In  heraldry  it  is  a  lion  passant 
and  eardanl  with  the  tail  turned  over  its  back. 

Leopoldiano  ;  partisan  of  Leopold  I  against 
the  Roman  Curia. 

Leopoldin-o;  Leggi  -e,  laws  in  relation  to  the 
Roman  Curia,  passed  under  Leopold  I,  Grand  puke 
of  Tuscany.  Scuole  -e,  schools  for  girls.  Tradizioni 
e,  i.e.  of  economic  liberty. 

Ledpoli  ;  Limburg,  in  Germany. 

Lepa  /;  v.  Cremlabro  (2). 

Lepade,/  (Gr.  Aeiras,  limpet);  (tnar.)  barnacle, 
v.  Dattero. 

Lepidio  m.\  (hot.)  cress,  Lepidium. 

Lfcpid-o(L.);  sprightly.  4^-ame'nte, 
-dzza. 

Lepid6ide;  (tried.)  scaly. 

Lepidolite/;  (;;««.)  a  variety  of  mica. 

Lepidopo  ;«.  ;  —  argentino,  scabbard  fish, 
locally  termed  Spada  argentina,  Arzentin,  Pescc 
mavesto. 

Lepidosirena/;  the  mud-fish  of  the  Amazons. 

Lepidostei  m.  pi.  ;  a  genus  of  fishes  with 
shining  bony  scales. 

Lepiddtteri  m,  pi.  (Or.  Aen-t's,  scale,  irrepov, 
wing);  the  lepidoptera,  moths  and  butterflies. 

Lepisma  m.\  a  genus  of  neuropterous  insects. 

*  Lepora  f.  ;  -  Lepre,  hare. 
*Lepor-aio,  -ario  m.\  game  -pre  serve. 

*  Lepore  ni.  or  f.\  —  Lepre,  hare. 

Lepdre  m.  (L.)  ;  sprightliness. 

Leporeambo  M.;  a  verse  in  the  manner  of 
L.  Leporeo  (i7th  century). 

Lepdride  m.\  Belgian  hare. 
Leporlno;  v.  Leprino. 

*Leppare  (by   aphaeresis  <  O.H.G.   slcppa>   v. 
Skeat,  sub  Slip);   i.    to  take  away.      ii.    to  steal. 
iii.    intr.)  to  sneak  off,  escape. 
fLeppico  >«.;  slime  on  a  fish. 
*Leppo  M.\  stench  from  heated  grease,  D.  Inf. 
30-90. 

*  Lepra  . 
hare. 


epra/;  (A)=Lebbra,  leprosy.    (B)=  Lepre, 


Lfcpre  f.  sometimes  m.  (L.  lepus) ; 
hare.  Siamo  stati  alia  — ,  we  have 
been  out  after  hares.  Pigliar  la  —  col 
carro,  to  accomplish  one's  purpose  by 
patience  and  cunning.  Ci  sono  piu 
cani  che  lepri,  i.e.  more  candidates  than 
places.  A  tal  cane  tal  — ,  a  crafty 
question  needs  a  crafty  reply.  Aspet- 
tasse  tanto  la  — !  //'/.  as  a  hare  might 
wait,  i.e.  I  hope  you  will  not  fail  to  wait 
till  I  come.  Una  volta  corre  il  cane  e 
un'  altra  la  — ,  *>.  the  luck  is  not  always 


LEPRETTA— LEVANTE 


335 


on  the  same  side.  Aver  la  voglia  della 
—  ,  to  have  a  hare-lip,  v.  Voglia.  Aver 
piu  debiti  che  la  —  ,  to  be  loaded  with 
debts  (and  so,  as  timid  as  a  hare). 
Caccia  lepri,  (hist.)  the  Papal  soldiery. 
Orecchie  di  —  ,  (mar.)  the  tips  of  a  pair 
of  lateen  sails  viewed  from  a  distance, 
when  they  resemble  a  pair  of  hare's  or 
donkey's  ears.  —  marine,  sea-hare, 
Aplysia  depilans,  a  small  marine  mollusc. 
Testa  di  —  ,  of  a  horse,  with  a  prominent 
convex  forehead. 

*  Cavar  la  —  da!  bosco,  Jig.  to  make  some  dis- 
covery. Fare  —  vecchia,  to  retreat  from  danger. 
Veder  dove  la  —  giace,  fig.  to  see  where  the 
difficulty  is,  or  to  discover  the  real  state  of  the  case. 
Piede  di  —  ,  v.  Zampetto  (3). 

Lepr-etta  dim.  vezz.,  -ettina  sub-dim,  vezz., 
-ina  dim.  vezz.;  v.  Lepre. 

Leprino  ;  Labbro  —  ,  hare-lip. 

Lepr-oncello    (dim.    -one),    -6ne    or    -6na 
augm.,   -ottino  sub-dim,,  -6tto  dim.',   v.  Lepre. 

Lepto  m.  ;  harvest-bug,  Leptus. 

Lerc-io  (etym.  unkti.,  v.  Gualercio)  ; 
filthy.     Aff.  -iume,  filth. 


y;;  wizened  old  woman. 
Lerfie/  //.;  (fop.)  lips. 
Lerne-o  ;    Idra    -a,    the    Lernaean    hydra    of 
Hercules. 

Lerni-a  tn.  or  /.;  dainty  person.  Aff.  -uccio 
dim. 

Lero  tit.  (L.  trvum,  by  fusion  with  prefixed 
article)  ;  (hot.)  bitter  vetch,   l^icia  eruiliti. 
*Lesco  m.  i^Tiglio,  fibre. 

Le"sina/  (an  alteration  of  **alesna, 
cp.  Fr.  alene,  Span,  a/esna,  <  O.H.G. 
aluns-a,  i.e.  dla  with  a  suffix  seen  also 
in  Germ.  Sense,  scythe,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Awl  ;  the  word  occurs  in  the  Orkney 
islands  as  Alison);  awl,  fig.  stinginess, 
sordid  parsimony,  also  pers.  miser  ; 
occasionally  in  good  sense  ;  Imparare 
la  —  ,  to  learn  to  be  careful. 

The  fig.  use  is  traced  to  a  book  by  one  Vilardi 
"  della  famosa  Compagnia  della  Lesina,"  a  company 
formed,  according  to  him,  "  by  certain  niggardly 
fellows  who,  out  of  avarice  and  meanness  "  (inarcia 
miseria  et  avarizia),  "  actually  began  to  sole  and  heel 
their  own  shoes,  to  save  expense.  And  since  this 
required  the  use  of  an  awl,  they  received  tbeir  name 
accordingly." 

*Palla  —  ,  ordi  —  ,  ball  covered  with  leather. 

Lesin-are  ind.  le'sino  ;  -eria  economy, 
-ino  dim.,  v.  Lesina. 

Lesi6ne_/.  (L.);  lesion.     Aff.  Lesivo. 
Leso  ;  (A)  part.  Ledere.     (B)  as  tb.  =  Tappo, 
plug  (of  a  boat). 

Lessaccio  m.\  pegg.  Lesso. 

Lessare  ind.  Idsso  ;  to  boil,  v.  Lesso. 

Less-ata  /  ;  a  boiling.    Aff.  -atina 

dim. 


Lcssico  m.  (Gr. 


cssco  m.  r.  Aiiicos);  lexcon.  Aff.  Les- 
sico-grafia,  -grafico,  -grafo  lexicographer,  -logia 
rules  for  dictionary  writing,  -l&gico. 

Lessigraf-ia  /.;  art  of  defining  words.  Aff. 
•ico. 

Lesso  (L.  elixus,  thoroughly  boiled, 
<e  in  sense  of  "  veiy,"  +  lixus,  an  old 
part,  of  liquor,  to  be  melted,  seen  also 
in  prolixus)  ;  i.  boiled.  Prov.  Chi  la 
vuole  lessa,  chi  la  vuole  arrosto,  or  chi 
la  vuol  a  lesso  e  chi  arrosto,  =  Quot 
homines  tot  sententiae,  opinions  differ. 
2.  In  the  cafe's  Panino,  Chifel  or  Semel 
—  means  bits  of  bread,  cake,  etc.  simply 
buttered  not  toasted.  3.  Fico  —  ,  fig. 
a  fool.  4.  as  s6.,  boiled  meat,  esp.  beef, 
if  no  meat  is  specified  ;  —  freddo,  cold 


boiled   beef;    Un   —   di  polio,   boiled 
chicken. 

*i.  =  Lessata,   a  boiling,     ii.    for  Letto,  part,  of 
Leggere. 

LessdniayT  (from  the  French  botanist  Lesson); 
(bot.)  a  genus  of  sea-weeds. 

Lestamente  ;  quickly. 

*  Leste  m.  (1*  este) ;  east  wind. 

L6st-o  (O.H.G.  list,  skill,  cp.  Germ. 
List,  cunning);  i.  nimble,  quick.  2.  early, 
speedy;  La  decisione  e  -a,  the  point 
can  be  decided  at  once ;  Minestra 
e  lesso  per  desinare,  e  — ,  soup  and 
boiled  beef,  it  is  a  short  dinner.  3.  = 
Allestito,  ready ;  (Manoscritto)  —  per 
le  stampe,  ready  for  the  press ;  Tutti  -i, 
(pers.)  everything  settled  between  them ; 
Gli  diede  cento  lire  a  saldo,  e  tutti  -i, 
he  gave  him  a  hundred  francs  and  all 
was  settled.  4.  of  adress,  =  Scappante; 
Questi  calzoni  son  troppo  -i,  usit.  scap- 
panti,  these  trousers  are  too  short,  the 
connection  is  that  of  a  short  dress 
allowing  greater  freedom  of  action. 
5.  =Accorto,  crafty,  wide-awake.  Aff. 
-ezza,  -ino  dim. 

Lestrig6ne ;  Laestrygonian,^?.  cruel. 
Letale  (L.) ;  deadly. 

Letam-aio  m. ;  dung-heap.  -ai61o  m. ; 
scavenger,  -are ;  to  manure. 

Letame  (Litame)  tn.  (L.  laetamen, 
<laetus  in  its  original  sense  of  "fat"); 
stable  manure. 

*Letane,  Letani«^;  v.  Litanie. 
*Letare  ;  =  Letamare,  to  manure. 

Letarg-ia  /  (Gr.  \rjdapyos,  <  Xifcfy) ; 
lethargy.  Aff.  -ico. 

Letargo  m.;  i.q.  Letargia.    *oblivion,  D.  Par. 

33-  94- 

Let-e  /;  Lethe,  the  river  of  Hell.    Aff.  -co. 

Leticare,  Liticare  or  Litigare  ind. 
Mtico  (L.,  v.  Lite) ;  i.  to  quarrel.  2.  to 
litigate. 

Letiche'tta  / ;  pop.  for  Etichetta, 
label. 

Letichfn-0  ;/;.,  -a  /;  quarrelsome 
person. 

Letichio  ;«. ;  quarrelling. 
Leticon-accio,  -e,  -a  ;  v.  Leticare. 

Letifi care  ind.  letifi-co,  -chi ;  to  gladden. 
*  Letiggine  / ;  =  Lentiggine,  freckle. 
Letigio  ;  v.  Litigio. 

Letizi-a  /  (L.  laetitia) ;  joy.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

L6tta/ ;  hasty  reading. 

Lettaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Letto,  bed. 

Letter-a  /  (L.);  letter.  Dire  a  -e 
di  scatola,  di  speziali,  maiuscole,  or 
d'  appigionarsi,  to  speak  one's  mind 
plainly,  ///.  in  big  letters.  Per  onor  di 
— ,  for  the  sake  of  form,  cp.  Fr.  pour  la 
forme.  Croce  o  — ,  Testa  o  — ,  heads 
or  tails.  Un  codice  di  una  —  bellissima, 
a  beautifully  written  manuscript. 

*i.  Latin.  Per  — ,  in  Latin,  from  its  having 
been  the  literary  language,  ii.  VendercfrComprare 
a  — ,  by  means  of  a  bill,  not  for  cash. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ale,  -almente,  -ariamente, 
-ario,  -ata  learned  woman,  -atcllo,  -atetlmo,  -atino 
dims.,  -ato,  -atone  augm.,  -atdnzolo  dim.  spreg., 
•atuccio  or  -atucolo  spreg.,  -atura  literature. 

•Letter-ecciomz/.,  -ello  dim.;  v.  Letto. 

Letter-fna  /.;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.  Aff.  -ino 
dim.,  *6na  augm.,  *6ne  augm.  spreg.  fearful  long 
letter,  -uccia  spreg. 


•Lettica;  ».  Lettiga. 

Lett-iccidlo  dim.  spreg.,  -icino  dim. :  v.  Letto. 
Lettichiero ;  v.  Lettighiere. 

Lettico  ;  Lettish,  Lithuanian. 

Lettiera/. ;  i.  bedstead.  2.  head- 
board, between  the  bed  and  the  wall. 
3.  bedding  for  animals. 

Lettiga  (Lettica)/  (L.  lectica) ;  litter. 
Lettighe'tta/ ;  dim.  Lettiga. 
Lettighiere  m. ;  bearer 

tLettime  tn. ;  bedding  for  animals. 
Lettf no  ;«. ;  dim.  Letto. 

Lettisternio  m.  (L.  lectislcmium);  religious 
feast  when  the  images  of  the  gods  were  placed  on 
pillows  in  the  streets  with  food  before  them,  which 
was  prepared  and  eaten  by  the  Epulones. 

Letto  m.  (A)  (L.  lectus,  root  lee,  to 
lay,  cp.  Gr.  Xf'x°fj  Gothic  ligan,  to  be 
lying  down,  Germ,  liegen,  E.  lie) ;  r.  bed ; 
Letto  (or  more  usu.  Branda)  a  libriccino 
or  a  vento,  folding-bed.  2.  (mar.)  - 
del  varo,  launching  ways.  3.  --  del 
vento,  wind's  eye.  4.  —  di  giustizia, 
Fr.  lit  de  justice,  throne  of  the  French 
King  when  presiding  at  the  Parlement. 

(B) ;  part,  of  Leggere. 

Lettdne  m. ;  augm.  scherz.  Letto. 

Lett6ni-co ;  Lingue  -che,  a  sub-class 
of  the  Lettish  languages. 

Lettorato  in. ;  i.  (eccl.)  the  second 
of  the  four  minor  orders  of  the  priest- 
hood. 2.  lectureship. 

Lettdre  m.  (L.   lector);    I.    reader. 

2.  at   a   university,   professor,   reader. 

3.  (eccl.)  person  in  one  of  the  four  minor 
orders  of  the  priesthood.     *  =  Elettore. 
Aff.  Lett-ora,  -rice/ 

Lettucci-accio  dim.  spreg.,  -o  spreg.  of  Letto. 
Tra  il  letto  e  il  lettuccio,  i.  not  very  well,  2.  con- 
valescent. 

Lettur-a/;  i.  reading.  2.  rn.pl., 
legal  commentaries.  3.  lectureship. 

4.  (mus.)  —  misurata,  beating  time  and 
naming  the  notes  therewith.    5.  (print.) 
a  certain  kind  of  type,  z/.  Carattere  (3). 
Aff.  -accia  pfgg.,  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

Leucade  f.  ;  (geogr.)  II  salto  di  — ,  where 
Sappho  drowned  herself,  prov.  for  a  lover's  de- 
spairing act. 

*Leucato(Gr.  XCVKOS);  white. 

*Leucoio  m.',  =  Viola  a  ciocche,  wallflower. 

*Leuconoto  m. ;  south-east  wind. 

*  Leuto  ;  v.  Liuto. 
Leuttra;  Leuctra,  in  Greece. 

L6va/ (It.  levare);  i.  lever.  2.  in 
midwifery,  forceps.  3.  levy;  Consilio 
di  — ,  military  council  managing  con- 
scription. 4.  (mar.)  departure  ;  Tiro  di 
— ,  signal-gun  announcing  departure, 
to  summon  all  on  board.  5.  Mare  di 
— ,  ground-swell ;  Onda  di  — ,  big  wave. 
6.  Alzare  a ,  to  hoist  by  tke  run. 

*  i.   Far  —  eius,  to  rob.     ii.  Mettere  a  —  uno,  to 
disturb  him,  put  him  out. 

Levabile;  v.  Levare. 

Levacariche  m. ;  cartridge  extractor. 

*  Levaldina /. ;  shop-lifting. 

*  Levamacchia  in.;  stealer  of  clothes  hung  on 
hedges. 

*Levamacchie  m.  ;  =  Smacchiatorc,  cleaner. 
*Levame  m. ;  =  Lievito,  yeast. 

Levante  m. ;  i .  East ;  Commercio 
del  — ,  i.e.  Asiatic;  Tazza  di  — ,  cup 
of  coffee.  2.  east  wind.  3.  scherz. 


336 

Andare  in  — ,  to  steal  ;  Venuto  di  — , 
stolen. 

*—  dej  verno,  di  state,  the  quarter  where  the  sun 
rises  in  winter  or  summer. 

Levant  era  f. ;  easterly  gale. 

Levantina/  ;  twilled  silk.   *a  shoe. 

Levantin-o  m.,  -a  f. ;  inhabitant  of 
Asia  Minor.  As  adj.,  east  (wind). 
I  difficult,  testy  (person). 

Lev-are  ind.  levo  (L,  v.  Lieve); 
i.  to  raise,  to  take,  to  take  away.  2.  to 
put  up  (a  bird  or  animal  in  hunting'). 

The  following  phrases  may  be  worth 
recording,  but  the  meaning  in  every 
case  is  that  of  taking  or  raising,  or  one 
closely  related  to  this :  —  il  bottom,  to 
begin  to  boil.  -  in  capo,  of  wine,  to 
begin  fermenting.  -  confessione,  to 
interdict  a  priest  from  hearing  con- 
fessions. -  fiamma,  to  blaze  up. 
dal  fonte  battesimale,  to  stand  godfather 
to.  -  il  frodo  di  dosso,  to  confiscate 
goods  attempted  to  be  smuggled, 
la  licenza,  to  take  out  a  licence.  -  le 
inniii  da  un  lavoro,  to  leave  it  off,  or 
to  have  finished  it.  -  di  mane,  to 
provoke.  Le  -erebbe  di  mano  a  un 
santo,  he  is  enough  to  provoke  a  saint, 
lit.  he  would  raise  (blows)  out  of  a  saint. 
-  la  mano,  of  a  horse,  to  get  out  of 
hand,  v.  Mano  (42),  or  quasi-fig.  of 
one's  inferiors.  Non  ti  far  —  la  mano 
da  codesto  ragazzo,  do  not  let  that  boy 
get  the  upper  hand  of  you.  -  mer- 
canzie,  (a)  to  import  goods,  (b)  to  buy 
them  wholesale  for  the  purpose  of  re- 
tailing. -  la  messa,  to  interdict  a 
priest  from  saying  mass,  -a  le  panche 
metti  le  panche,  said  of  one  who  keeps 
on  doing  and  undoing  a  thing.  Simi- 
larly, E  tutt'  un  -a  e  posa,  of  one  who 
is  constantly  being  interrupted  in  his 
work.  -  le  parti,  to  write  out  the 
several  parts  of  a  play  for  the  actors  to 
learn.  -  la  pianta,  to  mark  out  the 
ground-plan  of  a  building  on  the  site. 

-  la  pianta  di  un  porto,  to  survey  a 
harbour,     -a  remi,  oars!  lay  on  your 
oars!     —  il  saluto,  to  cease  saluting. 

-  il  vin  dai  fiaschi,  Jig.  to  bring  the 
matter  to  an  end. 

As  refl.,  -arsi:  3.  to  get  up;  -arsi 
dalla  parte  del  muro,  to  get  out  of  bed 
the  wrong  side,  i.e.  be  cross.  At  cards, 
-arsi,  to  play  good  cards;  Avete  visto 
come  si  -a,  just  see  what  cards  he 
is  having  now,  said  when  someone 
suddenly  begins  to  be  lucky  at  cards, 
or  at  any  other  game ;  -arsi  is  also  said 
fig.  of  one  who  shows  surprise  at  some- 
thing with  which  everyone  else  is 
familiar;  O  che  si  -a  ora?  Oh,  we  are 
awake  now,  are  we  ?  4-  to  take  off ; 
-arsi  il  cappello,  to  take  off  one's  hat, 
esp.  by  way  of  salute.  5.  -arsi  gli  occhi, 
to  quarrel,  lit.  tear  out  each  other's  eyes. 
6.  -ami  d'  oggi  e  mettimi  in  domani,  of 
a  person  who  is  never  done  with  a  thing ; 
A  me  non  son  generi  che  mi  vanno; 
che  e  11  quel  -ami  d'  oggi  e  mettimi 
domani  ?  they  are  not  the  sort  I  like  ; 
you  never  know  if  they  really  mean  a 


LEVANTERA— L1BBRA 

thing.    7.  -arsela  del /a/7,  to  rise  neither 
a  gainer  nor  a  loser. 

Part,  -ato :  8.  awake ;  Staremo  -ati 
a  aspettarlo,  we  will  sit  up  for  him  ; 
Ben  -ato,  Good  morning!  9.  Andare 
a  gambe  -ate,  to  go  with  the  legs  in  the 
air,  i.e.  to  fall,  or  fig.  to  be  ruined. 

10.  -ato  e  posto,  with  all  expenses  paid, 
said  of  a  person  despatched  on  some 
business    for    which    he    receives    his 
expenses  besides  his  regular  pay.    1 1.  A 
bandiere     -ate,    with     flying     colours. 
12.  (herald.)  rampant. 

*i.  =  Rilevare,   to  be  of  consequence,  to  matter. 

11.  (scu/j»t.)=  Digrossare,  to  rough-hew,     iii.    -aria, 
(<i)  to  take  to  flight,  (li)  to  go  away.    iv.  —  il  capo, 
to  he  obstinate,     v.  —  a  cavallo  uno,  to  deceive  him. 
vi_  —  il  signon?,  U  Corpo  di  Cristo,  to  elevate  the 
host.     vii.  —  con  navilio,  to  embark  (a  person)  upon 
a  ship.     viii.   —  il  pelo  per  aria,  to  work  with  dex- 
terity,    ix.  —  i  pezzi  d'  uno,  to  speak  against  him, 
Fr.  importer  In  filet,     x.   —  le  tavole,  to  clear  the 
tables. 

•-arsi:  i.  -arsi  in  alto,  to  grow  proud.  11.  J.asci- 
arsi  —  in  barca,  to  allow  oneself  to  be  led  by  the 
nose.  iii.  -arsi  su.  v.  supra,  -arsi  in  alto. 

*-ato:  i.  Occhi  -ati,  wide  open.  II.  «=  Elevate, 
raised  up.  iii.  sculptured  in  relief,  iv.  =Lievitato, 
leavened!  v.  =  Nobile,  noble,  vi.  as  st.,  in  painting, 
figure  with  one  foot  on  a  pedestal. 

Levata  / ;  i.  raising.  2.  taking 
away.  3.  collection  of  letters  by  the 
postman.  4.  —  di  sangue,  blood-letting. 
5.  rising  from  bed ;  Ho  fatto  una  buona 
— ,  I  got  up  early.  6.  Di  — ,  the  first 
thing  in  the  morning,  immediately  on 
rising.  7.  rising  (of  the  sun,  etc.). 
8.  purchase  of  goods  abroad  for  im- 
portation, or,  of  tobacco,  salt  or  other 
article  of  government  monopoly  to  stock 
a  shop.  9.  Fare  una  — ,  or  una  certa  — , 
to  come  out  with  an  unexpected  remark, 
esp.  one  of  finding  fault.  10.  (mechan.) 
throw  of  a  piston,  u.  (mar.)  —  del 
madieri,  rising  of  the  floor-timbers. 

*i.  —  d'  offesa,  binding  over  to  keep  the  peace, 
ii.  levy  of  troops,  iii.  importance ;  Di  maggior  _ — , 
of  the  greatest  importance,  iv.  intelligence,  brai_ns. 
v.  Di  prima  — ,  young,  inexperienced,  vi.  raising 


foot  quits  the  ground. 

Levatacciay:;  i.  getting  up  too  early.  2.  sharp 
reply. 

Levat-Et!  (mil.)  Unfix  bayonets  ! 

Levatina  /.;  dim.,  v.  Levata  (5)  and  (8). 

Levat6io  ;  Ponte  — ,  drawbridge. 

•Levatore  «;.;  i.  v.  Levare.    u.  =  Levatoio. 

Levatrice  /  ;  certificated  midwife. 
Levatura  f. ;  degree  of  intelligence. 
Libro  di  pochissima  — ,  rubbishy  book. 

*i.  raising,  ii.  stimulus;  Di  poca  or  piccola  — , 
responsive  to  a  slight  stimulus,  excitable,  emotional, 
or  of  things,  readily  movable. 

*  Leve ;  v.  Lieve. 

Levig-are  ind.  levigo  (L.,<levis,  cp. 
Gr.  Xetor,  Xfupof,  smooth);  to  polish. 
Aff.  -atezza,  -azidne. 

Levistico  m.  \  (tot.)  lovage,  v.  Ligustico. 
Levita  /«.;  Levite.     II  santo  — ,  at  Stephen  or 
St  Lawrence. 

*  Levitate;   i.  =  Lievitare.     ii.    to  crumble,  as 
clods  after  rain. 

*  Levitongo  tn. ;  a  monk's  apparel. 

*  Le  vo ;  sync,  for  Levato, 

Levogiro  (L.  laevus,  gynts) ',  left-liamled 
(polarisation). 

•Levdre  m.  (A)  (L.  Ifvis);  agility.  (B)  (L. 
levis) ;  polish. 

*Levore  in.  ;=Lepre,  hare. 

*Levre  ///.  ;  =  Lepre,  hare. 

Levrier-e  (Livriere)  m.,  -a  /.  (It. 
levre) ;  greyhound.  Aff.  -fno,  -ina  dims. 


Lezio  m.  (L.  delicia,  pleasure,  where 
de  =  fully,  and  -licia  is  from  the  same 
root  as  laqucus,  snare,  lacere,  to  entice, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Delight);  smirking,  af- 
fectation. 

*Leziolino  m.:  dim.  Lezio. 

Lezion-acciay:;  fegg.  of -e.  Aff.  -cella  dim., 
-cina  dim.  vezz.,  -ciona  attgin. 

*  Lezionale   m.  ;    book   of  Church   lessons,  lee- 
tionary. 

Lezi6ne  /  (L.  lectio);  i.  lesson. 
2.  reading,  in  the  text  of  a  classic. 

*i.  act  of  reading,     ii.  erudition,     iii.  =  Elezione. 
Lezionuccia  _/;  spreg.  Lezione. 
Lezios-aggine,   -amente,  -ino  dint.,  -ita; 

V.    -O. 

Lezi6so ;  v.  Lezio.  *  =  Grazioso, 
pleasing. 

Lezzino  m.  ;  =  Cordicella  per  lega- 
ture,  house-line. 

Le'zz-O  m.  (It.  olezzo);  stink.  Aff. 
-onaccio  pcgg.  of  -one,  -one,  -6na  person 
of  filthy  habits,  -onen'a  filth,  -oso  filthy, 
-ume  quantity  of  filth. 

LI  (L.  illic) ;  i.  there,  more  precise 
than  La.  2.  Di  li,  from  here;  Esci  di 
li,  Go  away !  Quand'  ha  detto  una  cosa, 
dev'  andar  di  li,  when  he  has  said  a 
thing,  so  it  has  to  be ;  Di  qui  a  11  non 
si  recorda  di  nulla,  he  cannot  remember 
anything  from  here  to  there,  i.e.  he 
forgets  everything;  Quanto  di  qui  a  li, 
as  far  as  from  here  to  there,  i.e.  a  short 
distance ;  Di  li  a  un  anno,  in  a  year's 
time  from  now.  3.  Li  per  11  (sometimes 
La  per  Ik),  instantly ;  O  che  mille  lire 
si  trovano  li  per  11  ?  do  you  suppose  that 
a  thousand  francs  are  to  be  found  in  a 
moment?  4.  Giu  di  11,  thereabouts;  Su 
di  li,  somewhere  up  there.  5.  Un  coso, 
or  Una  negozia  fatta  e  messa  li,  a  fellow, 
or  a  woman  of  a  rough  type  so  that  one 
does  not  know  how  to  deal  with  her. 
6.  E  11  fermi,  E  fermi  11,  or  simply  E  li, 
there  is  the  end  of  it ;  Li,  there !  that  will 
do.  7.  Siamo  sempre  li,  things  remain 
as  they  were  before.  8.  Siamo  11,  that 
is  about  right.  9.  E  li  chiacchiera,  the 
chattering  went  on;  E  li,  mangia,  e  li 
bevi,  go  on  with  your  eating  and  your 
drinking.  10.  Li  11,  just  about  to;  Ero 
li  11  per  cascare,  I  was  just  on  the  point 
of  falling,  n.  Si  puo  arrivare  fin  li,  i.e. 
it  is  impossible  to  go  beyond  that,  that 
is  the  utmost  possible.  12.  E  li  se  ne 
stettero,  e  11  si  godettero,  as  the  ending 
of  children's  stories,  so  they  lived  very 
happy  for  the  rest  of  their  lives. 

*  Liama  f. ',—  Legame,  bond. 

Lianos  in.  iiidecl-  (Span.  Utitios ,  <  L.  flnnus); 
the  steppes  of  South  America. 
*Liatico;=Aleatico,  the  wine. 
tLibayC;    i.    wrasse  (fish),   v.    Labbro.      ii.    v. 
Crenilabro. 

Lib-agi6ne  or  -azi6neyi;  libation. 

Libano  m. ;  Lebanon. 

Libano  m. ;  (mar.)  cable  of  esparto  fibre. 

Libare(L-);  i.  to  make  libations.     2.  to  touch 
lightly  with  the  lips.     3.  (mar.)  to  lighten  a  ship. 

Libarol  in. ;  lighterman. 

Libatbrio  m. ;  \essel  used  for  pouring  libations. 

Libazibney:;  ?>.  I.ibagione. 

*  Libbia  f. ;  branch  from  a  pruned  olive-tree. 

Libbr-a  /  (L.) ;    i.   pound  weight. 
2.  v.  Libra. 

*i.  =  Lira.     ii.  a  tax.     iii.  patrimony. 

AJf.  -etta  dim.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  a  bare  pound, 
-ona  augm. ,  a  good  pound. 


LIBECCIATA— LIGIO 


337 


Libecciata  /  ;  south-westerly  gale. 

LibSccio  (bit.  **  libiticus,  <  Gr.  Xty, 
S.W.  wind,  which  is  from  a  root  lib, 
wet,f/.  Xfi'pw,  to  pour,  because  it  brought 
rain)  ;  south-west  wind. 

Libellista  m.  ;  pamphleteer. 

LibeU-o  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  libel.  2.  (leg.) 
written  demand.  Aff.  -uccio  pegg. 

LibSllula/;  dragon-fly. 

•Libente  (L.);  willing. 

Liberal-e  (L.);  i.  liberal.  2.  Alia  —  ,  (to 
speak)  freely.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -esco  spreg.,  -essa, 
-ismo,  -ita,  -mente,  -one  avgm.  iron. 

Liber-amente,  -are;  v.  Libero. 

Liberatario  m.  ;  successful  com- 
petitor, to  whom  the  prize  is  adjudged 
or  the  work  allotted. 

Liber-at6re  nt.,  -atrice,  -azi6ne  f.  ;  f. 
Libero. 

Libercol-o  m.',  spreg.  Libro.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-etto  -ino  dims.,  -ucciaccio  pegg.  ,  -uccio  spreg. 

Llber-o  (L.);  free.  Carta  -a,  un- 
stamped paper.  A  piede  —  ,  out  on 
bail.  Versi  -i,  untrammelled  as  to  rhyme 
and  metre.  —  docente,  private  teacher. 
As  sb.,  Bacchus. 


iberta/  (L.);  liberty.    Mettersi  in  — ,  (Jam.) 
ke  oneself  comfortable,  by  taking  one's  coat 


Libe 
to  make 
off,  etc. 

Liberticida  m.  ;  slayer  of  liberty. 

Libert  inaggio  m.  ;  debauchery. 
*i.  too  much  liberty,    ii.  —  di  spirito,  inconstancy. 

L-ibertino  m.  ;  libertine. 

L-ibert-o  t».  ,  -ay.;  freed-man,  -woman. 

Libico  ;  Libyan. 

Libicocco  m.  ;  one  of  the  fiends  in  Dante's 
Inferno. 

Libidin-e  /.  (L.);  lust.     Aff.  -osamente,  -6so. 

Libistico  m.  ;  =  Levistico,  lovage. 

Libitin-a  /.;  (mythol.)  goddess  of  funerals. 
Aff.  -ario. 

Llbito  m.  (L.);  will,  desire.  Che 
—  fe'  licito  in  sua  legge  (D".  Inf.  5.  56), 
(Semiramis)  who  gave  free  rein  to  in- 
clination, a  phrase  become  proverbial. 

Libo  m.;  i.  ^Libeccio.  2.  =  AHeggio,  lighter. 
3.  Tasso  —  ,  yew. 

•Libonotojw.;  S.S.W.  wind. 

Libra,  Libbra/.  (L.,  v.  Lira)  ;  i.  bal- 
ance. 2.  the  constellation.  *  =  Dazio, 
tax. 

Libr-accio  m.  ;  pegg.  of  -o.  Aff.  -accidne 
attgm. 

Libraino  m.  ;  dim.  Libraio. 

Libraio  m.\  i.  bookseller.  2.  book- 
seller's shop.  3.  bookbinder.  4.  In 
Florence  the  Compagnia  dei  librai  is  a 
religious  fraternity.  *writer,  copyist. 

Libraiuccio  /«.;  dim.  spreg.  Libraio. 

Libr-are  ;  to  poise  in  fig.  sense. 
-  le  sorte  de'  popoli,  to  control  the 
nation's  destinies,  -arsi,  to  balance 
oneself. 

Librario  ;  belonging  to  books. 

Librata/!;  blow  with  a  book. 
Libratamente  ;  in  well-balanced  manner. 
•Libratore  m.;  assessor  (for  taxation). 

Librazi6ne  /  ;  i.  swaying.  2.  li- 
bration  of  the  moon. 

Libreria/;  i.  library.  2.  book- 
seller's shop. 

Libreri-etta  dim.  of  -a.     Aff.  -na  dim.  vezz., 
-dna  angm.,  .uccia  tfireg. 
•Libressa/;  silly  book. 

Librettlne  /  //.  ;  beginner's  arith- 
metic book. 

•  i.  guide-book,     ii.  note-book  for  sketching,  etc. 
Librettista  m.  ;  writer  of  a  Libretto. 

H. 


Libretto  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Libro, 
book.  2.  book  of  the  words  of  an  opera. 
3.  note-book,  memoranda. 

Librettucci-accio/c^.  of -o,  -o  spreg.  Libro. 

Libriccino,  Libricciblo  ;«. ;  i.  dim. 
Libro,  book ;  —  della  Madonna,  prayer- 
book,  containing  prayers  to  the  Virgin ; 
Letto,  or  Branda  a  — ,  folding  up  bed 
or  hammock.  2.  a  kind  of  wax  taper 
twisted  up  in  the  form  of  a  book. 

Libriciattolo  nt. ;  spreg.  Libro. 
Librino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Libro. 

Libr-o  m.  (L.  liber,  root  lap,  cp. 
Gr.  XfV<B,  to  peel ;  liber,  the  inner  bark 
of  a  tree,  being  used  as  a  material  for 
writing  passed  into  the  sense  of  "book"); 
i.  book ;  —  verde,  giallo,  azzurro,  rosso, 
bianco,  official  publications  of  Italy, 
France,  England,  Austria,  Germany ; 
Tenere  i  -i,  to  keep  the  books,  i.e.  ac- 
counts; Fare  --  novo,  to  forget  the 
past ;  II  —  del  perche  e  sotto  la  statua 
di  Pasquino,  this  is  said  sometimes  in 
reply  to  children's  questions  of  Why? 
when  they  are  inconvenient  or  impos- 
sible to  answer;  II  —  doppio,  book- 
keeping by  double  entry;  Gran  — ,  that 
of  the  national  debt ;  —  d'  oro,  that  in 
which  noble  families  were  registered  at 
Venice  or  Siena ;  —  del  quaranta,  scherz. 
a  pack  of  cards,  v.  Carta ;  Leggere  nel 
—  d'  uno,  to  speak  evil  of  him.  2.  bast, 
the  inner  bark  of  a  tree. 

Libr-dne  m. ;  augm.  of  -o.  Aff.  -ucciaccio 
dim.  pfgg.,  -uccio  dim. 

*Liburnay.;  ancient  light  war-ship. 
Lica  ;  pop.  for  Mica,  nothing. 
Licambeo ;   bitter  (satire),  such  as  that  with 
which  Archilochus  assailed  Lycambes. 

LtcantropIayC  (Gr.  Avxof ,  avfyxon-os) ;  frenzy 
in  which  a  man  imagines  himself  to  be  a  wolf. 

Lica6ne  in. ;  S.  African  wild  dog,  Lycaon 
pictus. 

*LicchiayI;  =  Favilla,  spark. 
*  Liccia  ;  v.  Lizza. 

Licciaidla  f.  (<  root  lie ,  oblique,  v.  Liccio) ; 
saw  wrest,  for  wrenching  the  teeth  of  a  saw. 

Licci-are ;  i.  to  fit  with  Licci.  2.  intr. 
to  bolt,  run  off,  whether  from  fear  or 
eagerness  ;  Quand'  e  1'  ora  -ano  a  pranzo, 
they  are  off  to  dinner  the  moment  it  is 
time ;  -a !  be  off  with  you ! 

Liccio  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  lice,  Span,  lizos, 
<  L.  licium,  <  the  base  liq  of  L.  ob-liq- 
uus,  <  root  lak,  to  bend,  the  use  of 
the  term  indicating  the  obliquity  of 
the  licium  in  relation  to  the  thread) ; 
i.  warp-cord,  as  used  by  weavers  to 
raise  or  to  spread  out  the  threads  of 
the  warp.  2.  a  sort  of  white  string  not 
twisted  by  machinery.  3.  —  or  Licio  di 
seta,  silk  clock  embroidered  on  a  sock 
or  stocking. 

Lice-ale,  -Ista ;  v.  Liceo. 

Licenza  f.  (L.  licentia,  <  licere,  to 
be  allowed  ;  the  fundamental  meaning, 
according  to  Walde,  sub  Liceo,  being 
that  of  equality  in  barter) ;  I.  licence, 
leave.  2.  epilogue  of  a  play,  envoi  of 
an  author  to  his  reader  at  the  end  of 
a  book. 

Licenziando  ;«. ;  person  going  on  leave. 

Licenzi-are  ind.  liccnzio  ;  I.  to  take 
leave  of.  2.  to  dismiss.  3.  to  give  up 
(one's  lodgings).  4.  —  per  la  stampa, 


to  hand  over  to  the  printer  (after  re- 
vising the  proof).     Aff.  -amdnto. 

Licenziato  >«.;  as  E. 

Licenzids-o;  licentious.  *Riso  —  ,  a  wicked 
smile,  cp.  Horace's  Perjidttnt  ridem  Venus.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ita. 

Liceo  m.  (L.,<Gr.  \\iKfiov,  <.\vnew>s, 
shining,  an  epithet  of  Apollo  as  patron 
of  science  and  art);  i.  high  school. 
2.  the  Lyceum  of  Aristotle.  3.  (geogr.) 
a  mountain  in  Peloponnesus  sacred  to 
Pan. 

Licet  m.  (L.);  euph.  for  privy. 

*  LicettayC  ;  =  Ricetta,  recipe. 

Lichene  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  Aci^u,  to  lick);  (tot.) 

1.  lichen.     2.  —  d1  Islanda,  Iceland  moss,  Cetraria 
Islandica.      3.     —    pulmonario,    lungwort     lichen, 
Lichen  pitlmonarius.     4.  —  da  tazzette,  cup  lichen, 
Lichen  pyxidatus. 

Lichenina  yC;  starch-grains  of  Iceland  moss. 

*  Lici;  =  Li,  there. 

Licio  in.  •  i.  (bot.)  Duke  of  Argyll's  tea-tree, 
Lyciitm  barbarvm,  or  other  species  of  Lycivm. 

2.  —  di  seta,  v.  Liccio  (3). 

*  Licit  ;    Mettere  il  bruno  al  —  ,  iron,  when  we 
suffer  a  misfortune  for  which  we  are  by  no  means 
sorry. 

Licitare  (L.,  v.  Licenza)  ;  to  put  up 
for  auction. 

Licitazidney.;  bid  at  an  auction. 

Licitte  m.  ;  pop.  for  Licet. 

Licmete  m.  ;  a  genus  of  cockatoos,  Licmetis. 

Licnide  «/.;  (hot.)  campion,  Lychnis. 

Licoperdo  m.  ;  (tot.)  puff-ball,  Lycoperdon, 
also  termed  Lpffa  di  lupo. 

Licopersico  m.  ;  a  genus  of  Solanaceae  in- 
cluding the  tomato,  Lycopersicum  esculentunt. 

Licop6dio  m.  ;  club-moss,  Lycopodium  da- 
•vatutn. 

Licdre  m.  ;  pop.  for  Liquore. 

Licoreo  ;«.  ;  tne  higher  peak  of  Parnassus. 

Lidi-o;  Lydian.     Pietra  -a,  a  variety  of  jasper. 

Lido  m.  (L.  litus);  shore,  esp.  at 
Venice,  the  long  low  islands  bounding 
the  lagoon. 

*Liena,/C;  coarse  woollen  rug. 
t  Lienda  f.  ;  =  Azienda,  business. 

Lieo  (L.,<Gr.  Av<uot);  epithet  of  Bacchus, 
cheery. 

•Lietay.;  bright  flash  of  flame. 

Liet-o  (L.  laetus)  ;  glad,  joyous.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

*Lievay.;  i.  =*Levata(iii),  condition,  standing. 
ii.  =  Leva,  lever,  iii.  irons  for  lowering  the  hood  of 
a  carriage,  iv.  Lieva,  lieva=Fuggi,  fuggi,  sharp! 
quick  ! 

*  Lievare  ;  i.  to  break  (peace),    ii.  to  take  away. 
iii.  to  raise  or  intr.  to  rise.     iv.  to  rebel. 

Lidve  ;  light.     Aff.  -mifnte. 

Etym,  L.  levlst  representing  an  earlier  **  legh- 
vis,  cognate  with  Gr.  eAa^v;,  small  (in  which  the  e 
is  a  mere  prefix),  Germ,  leicht^  E,  light.  The  g 
disappeared  before  the  v  as  in  nivis,  =  **nigvis, 
genitive  of  «i,r,  snow,  and  in  f'rez'ts,~Gr.  ftfM^vt. 
The  original  sense  of  "small"  was  preserved  in  the 
Latin  elevare,  which  frequently  means  "  to  diminish"; 
it  also  remains  in  great  measure  in  Ital.  levare. 
•Lievere  m,  oryi;  =  Lepre,  hare. 

Lievit-are  ind.  li£vito;  tr.  or  intr. 
to  ferment.  Aff.  -atura. 


m.  (bit.  lemtus,  for  levatus^ 
part,  of  levare)  ;  i.  fermentation. 
2.  yeast.  As  part.)  syncop.  for  Lievitato. 

*Lievo  m.\  raising.     Far  —  ,  to  choose, 

*  Lievore,  "Lievre  ;«.;=Lepre,  hare. 

*  Ljgare  ;=  Legare,  to  tie. 

*  Ligiare  ;=  Lisciare,  to  stroke. 

*  Ligiero  ;  =  Leggiero,  nimble. 

Ligio  ;  sworn  vassal,  under  unlimited 
obligation  to  his  lord. 

Etym.  Cogn,  Fr.  lige,  E.  liege,  <  mlt.  ligivs\ 
ligia  Potestas  meant  "  absolute  power,"  tigius  Homo 
is  explained  in  a  ijth  century  document  as  ledigman, 
i.e.  freeman,  cp.  M.H.G.  ttdic,  free,  Germ,  ledtg, 
empty,  middle  E.  lethy,  empty.  In  the  formation 
of  the  modern  languages  the  sense  of  limitless  power 

43 


338 

in  the  lord  developed  into  that  of  limitless  obligation 
in  the  vassal,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Liege,  where  the  trans- 
ference of  meaning  is  referred  to  confusion  with  L. 
ligatus,  bound. 

Lignaggio  m.  (old  Fr.  lignage,<\i\t.  " lineati- 
cum)',  lineage. 

Ligneo  (L.) ;  woody.  As  sb.,  woody 
matter  from  which  all  other  substances 
have  been  removed  by  treatment,  such 
as  prepared  cotton,  flax,  etc. 

Lignite  m. ;  lignite,  brown  coal. 
Ligno ;  v .  Legno. 

*  Ligostra  / ;  =  Aligusta. 

Liguoriano  ;  adherent  of  Alf.  de'  Liguon. 
Ligure;  Ligurian. 

*  Ligurio  m. ;  a  kind  of  agate. 

*  Liguro  m. ;~  Ramarro,  lizard. 
*Ligustayi;  v.  Locusta. 

Ligustico  m. ;  i.  (bot.)  —  officinale,  lovage, 
Lemsticum  officinale,  also  termed  Levistico,  Appio 
montano,  Sedano  di  montagna.  2.  asrtrf;'.,  Ligurian. 

Ligustr-o  m.  (L.);  (bot.)  privet,  Ligvstrum. 
Aff.  -(no. 

Lila,  Lilla  /  ;  (bot.)  lilac,  Syringa, 
sometimes  termed  Ruvistico  di  Persia. 


Cogn.    Fr.   lilas.   Span,    lilac,  <  Arabic 
lilak,  <  Persian    lilang,    for    "nilang,  <  nil. 


the 


Etym 
.*,  <  f 
indigo  plant,  v.  Anile. 

*  Lile  ;  =  Gliele,  pronoun. 
Liliagine/.;  (bot.)  a  species  of  lilywort,  Or- 


nithogalvm  gramineum, 
Liliato 


LIGNAGGIO—  LINO 

Llmin-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Limite);  (eccl.) 
Visita  ai  -i,  visit  which  bishops  are 
required  to  make  every  three  years  to 
the  Holy  See. 

threshold. 


.to ;  ornamented  with  lilies. 
Lilla ;  -:  Lila. 
*  Lill-are  ;  i.   to  adorn  with  trifling  ornaments, 
tii.  =  Far  daddolt,  to  be  babyish,     -arsi,  to  be  doing 
nothing. 

Lillatro  m.;  (bot.)  mock  willow,  Phillyrea. 
Lillipuziano;  Lilliputian,  tiny. 
tLillo  m. ',  i.  babyish  ornament,     ii.  =  Daddolo, 
babyish  caress,  iii  =  Tappo,  glass  stopper,  iv.  schm. 
vezz.  little  pet,  baby. 

tLillor-a/.,  -o  m.;  Far  la  — ,  to  trifle. 

Lima  / ;  (A)  (L.,  perhaps  for 
**slicma,  and  so  akin  to  E.  slight,  which 
originally  meant  "smooth,"  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Slight);  i.  file.  2.  fig.  vexatious 
person  or  affair,  bore.  3.  fig.  labour  in 
polishing  a  composition.  4.  Far  —  — , 
to  rub  the  forefinger  of  one  hand  on 
the  back  of  the  other,  as  if  filing,  by 
way  of  mocking  one  whose  efforts  have 
failed.  5.  file-fish,  Ballistes.  6.  file,  a 
genus  of  shell-fishes,  Peclen. 

(B)  (Span,  lima,  <  Arabic,  v.  Li- 
mone) ;  lime,  the  fruit  of  Citrus  limetta. 

*i.  Lasciare  ii  corso  alia — ,  to  give  free  scope  to 
one's  vengeance,  ii.  Mettere  alia  — ,  to  test.  ill.  a 
certain  kind  of  barren  soil. 

Lim-abile;  T.  -are.     -accia  f.;  pegg.  of -a. 

Limacci-o  m.;  pegg.  Limo.    Aff.  -<Sso. 

Limacidi  m.  pi. ;  a  genus  of  snails,  Limax. 

Lim-are ;  to  file,  v.  Lima.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Limaria/.;  the  tunny-fish  in  its  second  stage. 
Lim-atamente;  v.  -are.     Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 
*Limbay.  ;  =  Conchiglia,  shell-fish. 

Limbello  m.  (dim.  Limbo,  for  Lem- 
bo);  i.  snippet  of  leather  or  cloth. 
2.  wooden  tongue  for  a  joint.  3.  (herald.) 
v.  Lambello.  4.  (mar.)  groove  along 
each  side  of  the  keel. 

'tongue.  Cavar  fuori  il  — ,  to  begin  speaking 
against  a  person. 

Limbelluccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Limbo. 
Limbicco  m.  ;  =  Lambicco,  retort. 

Limbo  m.  (far.  of  Lembo) ;  i.  (eccl.) 
the  abode  of  departed  spirits  who  lived 
virtuous  lives  but  had  no  opportunity 
of  becoming  Christians.  2.  (astr.)  limb, 
edge  of  a  celestial  body.  3.  outer  circle 
of  an  astrolabe. 

Lim-etta/;;  dint,  of -a.     Aff.  -ettina  sub-dim. 
*Limia;  v.  Lumia. 
t  Limicare  ;  =  Pioviscolare,  to  drizzle. 

Limicole  f.  pi.  (L.);  the  wading  birds. 


the  Holy  See. 
Limitare  m. 

Limite  »/.  (L.  limes,  boundary,  akin  to  limen, 
threshold,  and  probably  to  limits,  transverse,  and 
ob-liq-uHs)\  as  E. 

Aff.  Limit-abile,  -are  vb.,  -atamente,  -atezza, 
•ativamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Limitrofo  ;  bordering. 

Etym.  L.,  <  limes,  Tpocjiij,  afri  limitrophi, 
lands  set  apart  for  maintenance  of  the  frontier 
troops. 

t  Limmecaola./;  drizzle. 

Limo  m.  (L.  limus,  where  an  initial 
s  has  been  lost,  cp.  E.  slime)  ;  mud. 

•i.  fig.  the  human  body,  D.  Purg.  17.  114. 
ii.  atmospheric  dust.  tiii.  gnawing  of  the  stomach, 
v.  Bulhno  ;  Far  —  ,  to  cause  disquiet. 

Lim6nay.;  (hot.}  i.  =  Cedrina,  lemon-scented 
verbena.  2.  =  Orobanche,  broom-rape. 

Limonaio  »/.  ;  lemon-seller. 

Limonat-ay".;  lemonade.     Aff.  -ma  dim. 
"Limonato;  lemon-coloured. 

Limon-cellino,  -cello,  -cino  ;  dims,  of  -e. 

Lim6n-e  m.  (late  L.  limo,  of  Oriental  origin, 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Lemon);  lemon.  Spremere  i 
-i,  iron.,  said  of  hypocritical  saints  standing  with 
clasped  hands. 

Limonea/;  i.  schert,.  or  sprig,  for  Limonata. 
2.  powder  for  making  an  imitation  of  lemonade. 

Limonellay  ;  (bat.)  white  fnucinella,  Dictamnus 
aibus. 

Lim6nio  m.;  (bat.)  sea  lavender,  Static/-  limo- 
nium,  also  termed  Butola  d'  acqua,  Been. 

Lim6sin-a  (Elemosina,  Lemosina)/ 
(bit.,  <  Gr.  Aerjpxrvi'r/,  <  «'X(€<a,  to  pity)  ; 
alms.  Fratedi  —  ,  begging  friar.  Man- 
dare  uno  in  pace  senza  —  ,  to  refuse  to 
listen  to  him.  Le  -e  son  fatte,  scherz. 
by  way  of  refusing  an  inopportune  re- 
quest. 

Limosinare  ind.  limosino  ;  to  beg. 

Lifflosinier-e,  -o  ;  charitable. 

Limosino  ;  of  Limoges,  v.  Lemosi. 

Limosinuccia  /.;  dim.  Limosina. 

Limos-ita,  -o  ;  v.  Limo,  mud. 

Limpid-amente,  -ezza,  -ita,  -o  «  L.  Urn- 
pidus);  clearly,  etc. 

Limucciay;  dim.  Limo,  mud. 

Limulay;  Moluccan  king-crab.     *dint.  Lima. 

Limusino  ;  (cattle  or  horses)  of  Limoges. 

Linaidla  /;  (hot.)  i.  dodder,  C»scut>i.  2.  — 
gialla,  toadflax,  Linaria  vulgaris. 

Linai61o  m.  ;  worker  or  dealer  in  flax. 

Linaria  /.;  (bot.)  flax-plant,  Linaria. 

Lince/  (L.,  <Gr.  \vy£)  ;  lynx. 

Lince-o  w.  ;  Accademia  de'  -i,  a  Roman 
scientific  society  founded  in  1603  by  F.  Cesi.  As 
adj.,  lynx-like. 

tLinchetto  m.;  elf  or  sprite. 

*Linci;  for  Lici,  there,  D.  Purg.  15.  37. 

Linciaggio  m.  ;   lynching  (Italianised).     The 
word  is  from  C.  Lynch,  a  Virginian  planter  (1736—96). 
*  Linday.  ;  i.  index  arm  of  an  astrolabe,    ii.  curled 
border  of  a  wig. 

Lindaddro  m.  ;  (bot.)  Anemone  cortmaria. 
Lind-amente,   -ezza   (i.q.  -ura),   -ino   dim.', 
v.  Lindo. 

Lindo  ;  nice-looking,  neat. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  lindi,  cp.  A.S.  lithi,  E.  lithe. 
Most  authorities  trace  the  word  to  L.  linipidus,  but 
both  in  form  and  meaning  it  agrees  better  with  the 
Germanic  word.  It  occurs  in  Spanish  and  Portuguese 
but  not  in  French.  K  Kluge,  Deiitsch.  Etym. 
IVSrtb.,  stib  Lind. 

Lindura  /C  ;  neatness. 
Linea/  (L.,<linum,  thread);  line. 
Lineamento  m.  ;  feature. 
Lineare;  i.asE.  2.  vb.,  to  delineate. 

Line-etta  or  -ina/;  i.  dim.  of  -a. 
2.  hyphen.     Aff.  -etti'na  sub-dim,  of  -a. 
Linfa/i  (L.  lyinpha,  akin  to  limpidus, 


the  y  being  due  to  confusion  with 
nympha) ;  i.  lymph,  esp.  for  vaccinating. 
2.  sap.  *  water. 

Linfatic-0  ;  lymphatic,  languid.  Aff. 
-amdnte. 

*Lingere  (L.);  to  lick. 

Lingeriay  (Fr.);  linen  clothes. 
*Lingio  m. ;  towel.     As  adj.,  linen. 

Lingbtti  m.  pi.  (cogn.  Fr.  lingot,  < 
E.  ingot,  with  the  article) ;  (mar.)  kent- 
ledge, pig-iron  as  ballast. 

Lingua/  (L.,<old  L.  dingua,  cp. 
Gothic  tuggo,  Germ.  Zunge,  E.  tongue) ; 

1.  tongue.     2.  —  di  vacca,  in  B.  Cellini, 
a  kind  of  anvil. 

3.  (bot.)  (a)  —  da  acqua,  pondweed,  Potamogetm 
nataits,  also  termed  Bietola  d'  acqua;  (b)  —  di  bove, 
(a) trailing  catchweed,  Asperitgo procumbens,  (ft)  wild 
bugloss,  Lycopsis  arvensis;  (c)  —  di  bue,  common 
bugloss,  7'.  Buglossa ;  (d)  —  canina,  =  Cinoglossa, 
hound's-tongue ;  (e)  —  di  castagna,  liver  agaric, 
Fistulina  he fatten  ;  (f)  —  di  cavallo,  or  —  pagana, 
=  Bislingua,  leaf-uuder-leaf ;  (g)  —  ceivina,  hart's- 
tongue  fern,  Scolopendrium  officinale ;  (h)  —  ericina, 
=  Petacciola,  plantain;  (/)  —  da  far  e>ca,  a  species 
of  fungus,  German  tinder,  Boletus  /omentarins,  also 
termed  Esca,  Fungo  da  esca;  (j)  —  di  leone,  = 
Baccherini,  ploughman's  spikenard  ;  (k)  —  pagana, 
v.  supra  (f);  (I) — di  passera,  seed  of  the  ash-tree; 
(m)  pizzica  — ,  =  Rafano,  horse-radish;  («)  —  di 
serpe,  or  —  serpentina,  =  Erba  lucciola,  adder's 
tongue,  v.  Erba  (70,  c).  t4.  sole  (fish),  v.  Sogliola. 

Linguacciayi;  pegg.  Lingua. 

Linguacciuto ;  with  a  long  tongue, 
slanderous. 

Linguadbca/;  (geogr.)  Languedoc. 

*  Lingu  -adro,  *  -ardo  ;  =  Linguacciuto. 

Linguaggio  m. ;  language. 
Linguaio  m. ;  pedant  in  language. 

Linguale  ;  lingual. 

Linguamadre  /,  pi.  Linguemadri ; 
parent  language. 

*  Linguardo  ;  v.  Linguadro. 

t Linguata  /.',  i.  =  Sogliola,  sole  (fish),  ii.  — 
imperial!,  =  Rombo,  tur bot.  iii.  —  mascula,  =  Rombo 
liscio,  brill,  iv.  —  pianusa,  =  Pianuzza  passera, 
lemun  dab. 

tLinguatedday.;  v.  Linguattola  (i). 

*  L-inguatico ;  —  Linguacciuto. 

Linguato;  i.  =  Linguatico.  2.  (herald.)  of  a 
bird's  or  serpent's  tongue,  painted  of  a  colour 
different  from  that  of  the  creature. 

Linguattola  f. ;  i.  a  species  of  flat  fish,  v. 
Suacia.  2.  fluke,  in  cattle. 

Linguella/I;  i.  =  Linguetta.  2.  (cheni.)  strip 
of  felt  for  transferring  a  liquid  from  one  vessel  to 
another  by  capillary  action.  3.  (bot.)  =  Bislingua, 
Ruscus  iiypoglossitin. 

Lingiiett-a  /;     i.    small    tongue. 

2.  person  with  a  mischievous  tongue. 

3.  anything  shaped  like  a  tongue,  such 
as  a  switch  on  a  railway  or  the  flap  over 
the  lock  of  a  trunk,  or  tongue  of  a  boot; 
Calettatura   a  — ,  groove   and   tongue 
joint.     4.   v.   Linguella  (2).     5.   tongue 
of  a  clarionet  or  other  wind  instrument. 
6.  in//.,  (bot.)  yellow  succory-hawkweed, 
Picris  hieracoides.     7.  (mar.)  launching 
wedge.     Aff.    -accia  pegg.,   -ina    dim. 
vezz.  of  Lingua,  -ola  v.  -a  (2). 

Lingu-fna/,  -Ino  m. ;  dims.  vezz.  of 
Lingua.  Fare  il  -ino,  to  put  out  the  tip 
of  the  tongue. 

Linguist-a  »/.;  as  E.  Aff.  -ica,  -icamente, 
-ico. 

Lingulatay.;  (bot.)v.  Lingua  (3,  n). 

*  Linguoso  ;  tale-bearing. 

*  Linguuto  ;=  Linguacciuto,  slanderous. 
Lin-imento  m.  (L.);  liniment.    Ajf.  *-ire,  to 

rub. 

Linneay. ;  (bat.)  Linnaea  borealis. 

Lino  in.  (L.  linum,  cp.   Gr.  XiVoc, 


LINSEME— LITOSPERMO 


339 


and  similar  forms  in  many  languages) ; 
i.  flax-plant,  Linum.  2.  flax  fibre. 
3.  —  delle  fate,  feather-grass,  ?A  Pennine 
(2).  4,  linen.  Also  as  adj.,  as  in  E. 

Linse'me  m.\  linseed. 

Linteo  ;  linen  (in  religious  use). 

*Lintercolo   m.  (L.,  dim.   of  /infer,  boat);    a 
small  violin. 

Linterno    m. ;    (hot  )    i.  —  Putine,    fetid   bean 
trefoil.     2.  evergreen  alaternus,  Rkamnus  alaternus. 

Lintiggine  ;  v.  Lentiggine. 
*Lintro  m.  (L.  /infer,  orig.  a  wash-tub);  boat. 

Liocbrno  (Alicorno,  Leocorno)  m. 
(L.  unicornus\  to  this  was  prefixed  the 
Romance,  or,  in  the  form  Alicorno,  the 
Arabic  article,  and  the  resulting  word 
was  altered,  perhaps  under  the  attraction 
of  Leone,  lion) ;  i.  unicorn.  2.  - 
marino,  narwhal,  Monodon  monoceros. 

Liofante  m.\  Pop.  for  Elefante. 


scherz.  =  Bellimbusto, 


Lion    m.  ; 
dandy. 

Lion-ato,  -e,  -£ssa,  ecc.;  v.  Leon-ato,  ecc. 

Lionese  ;  of  Lyons. 
*Lionfante  m.;  variant  of  Liofante. 

Liopardo  m.\  pop.  for  Leopanlo. 

Lipemania  f.\  (med.)  cerebral  depression. 

Lipogrammatico  (Or.  XetVu,  ypa^i/xa) ;  of  a 
piece  of  writing  in  which  a  given  letter  is  not  used. 

Lipoma  m.  (Gr.  AtVos,  Tat) ;  (med.)  fatty  tumour. 

Lipotimia  f.  (Gr.,  <  A«Vw,  fluids);  (met/.) 
swoon. 

Lippa  f. ;  i.  (bot.)  tufted  hairgrass,  Aim 
cespitosa.  2.  (vet.)  rheum  in  a  horse's  eye. 

*  i.  cat  in  the  game  of  dp-cat ;  W  a  — ,  go  to  the 
devil,  be  off  with  you  !     Prov.  Non  si  tira  la  mazza 
dietro  la  — ,  one  kind  of  disorderly  conduct  should 
not  be  remedied  by  another.     ii,=  Filippa. 

*  Lippidosp ;  =  Lipposo. 
*Ljppitudiney:;  =  Cispa,  rheum  in  the  eye. 
*Lippp(L.);  i.  blear-eyed,     ii.  short-sighted. 

Lipsia^;  (geogr.)  Leipsic. 

*  Liquame  «/.;  liquid  condiment. 

*  Liqu-are ;  =  Chiarire,  to  clear,    -arsi,  to  become 
transparent,  be  dissolved,  D.  Par,  15.  i. 

Liquazibne/!;  (chem.)  melting  a  compound  of 
different  metals  for  the  purpose  of  cooling  out  the 
components  separately. 

Liquefacere  ;  scherz.  for  Liquefare. 

Liquefare,  for  conjug,  v.  Fare(L,);  to  liquefy. 

Liquefattiv-o ;  Voluttk  -a,  pleasure  such  as 
causes  a  man  to  melt  for  joy. 

Liquefazione  f.\  melting. 

Liquid-abile :  v.  -are.     -am£nte;  v.  -o. 

Liquid -ambar  «r.,  -ambra/I;  (oot.)a.  genus  of 
trees,  Altingiaceae,  or  the  fragrant  resin  therefrom. 

Liquid-are;  r.  to  liquidate,  a.  —  una  pen- 
sione,  to  settle  the  amount  of  a  pension.  Aff.  -atore, 
•atrice;  -azione,  -ezza,  -ita. 

Liquido  (L.);  i.  liquid.  2.  (Dcbito)  — ,  indis- 
putable. 

Liquirizia  f.  (L.  liquiritia^  corr.  of 
glycyrrhiza,  <.  Gr.  yXwupptfo,  <  y\v<vs\ 
sweet,  pi'fa,  root);  liquorice. 

Liqu6r-e  m.\  as  E.  Aff.  -itto  or  -ino  dim. 
•vezz. 

Liquorista  m. ;  maker  or  seller  of  drink. 

Lira  /  (A)  (It.  livra,<L.  libra, 
which  like  the  Sicilian  Gr.  ACT/HZ,  pound 
weight, is  from  an  old  Italic  form  **Ai'0/ja, 
cp.  rubru?rt,  =  fpv&pov,  v.  Prellwitz,  sub 
\irpa  and  XfToff);  i.  franc,  Lira,  the 
Italian  unit  of  money,  identical  in 
value  with  the  French  franc.  2.  — 
sterlina,  pound  sterling  (English).  The 
sign  £  is  used  in  Italy  to  denote  Lire, 
francs.  3.  — ,  or  —  vecchia,  or  (pop. 
or  scherz.)  loscana  or  codina,  an  old 
Tuscan  coin  worth  about  eightpence. 
The  Lira  is  divisible  into  100  centesimi 
or  into  20  soldi.  The  British  sovereign 
is  25.21  Lire,  the  U.S.  dollar  is  5.18  Lire. 

(B)  (L.  lyra,  <Gr.   At/pa) ;    i.   lyre. 


2.  the    constellation    of    that    name. 

3.  lyre-bird,  Menura. 

*  i.    —  tedesca,  —  Ghironda.     ii.  =  Grado,  degree, 
station,     in.    a  supposed  singing  fish. 

Lirttta/;  dim.  vezz.  Lira  (A). 

Liric-a_X,  -am6nte,  -o;  lyric,  etc. 

Li  riodendro  m. ;  (bot.)  tulip-tree,  Liriodendron. 

*  Liroldo  m.\  lyre-player. 
Lir6nay7;  augm.  Lira  (A). 

Lisc-a  f.  (O.H.G.  lisca^  reed-grass, 
cp.  Fr.  laiche}\  i.  scalings,  gratings  of 
hemp,  removed  in  preparing  the  fibre. 

2.  small  fish-bone;    Sputar  le  -he,  to 
spit  out  the  bones,  i.e.  do  unpleasant 
work  following  on  an  agreeable  affair. 

3.  palm-branch  placed  upon  the  cross 
on   Palm   Sunday.     4.    Aver  la  — ,  to 
lisp.     5.  tiny  morsel.     6.   Non  c"  e  ne 
-he  n&  ossi,  i.e.  there  is  nothing  more 
to   be   said,   no  help  for   it.     7.    large 
pocket-knife. 

Liscaio  ///. ;  quantity  of  Lische,  f. 
Lisca  (i)  and  (2). 

Lisce'tto  m.  ;  =  Belletto,  paint. 
Lisce"zzayC;  smoothness. 

Lisch-ettartY>«.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  -ino  dim.\ 
v.  Lisca. 

Lisci  m.  pi. ;  (7>et.)  white  or  yellow  spots  on  a 
horse. 

Liscia  f.\  i.  flat-iron,  smoothing 
iron.  2.  a  fungus-shaped  glass  tool  for 
polishing  leather. 

*  Liscfa  /.;  =  Lisciva,  lye. 

Lisciaibla/  ;  weaver  of  plain  linen. 

*  Lisciamento  w.;  i.  v.  Lisciare.     ii.  =  Belletto, 
paint  or  ornamentation  generally,     lit.  adulation. 

Lisciapiante  m.\  burnisher  for  polishing  the 
sole  of  a  boot. 

Lisci-are  (Ligiare);  to  smooth,  to 
stroke  down;  of  a  cat,  to  lick  (her 
kittens),  -arsi,  to  make  oneself  tidy. 

Liscia-ta  /. ;  hasty  rub  down.  Aff. 
-tfna  dim. 

Lisciatoio  m. ;  steel  comb. 
Lisci-at6re  m.,  -atura/  ;  v.  -are. 

Liscino  m. ;  a  kind  of  knife  used  for 
polishing  up  the  letters  in  type  casting. 

Lisci-o;  i.  soft,  smooth  ;  Fucile  — , 
smooth-bore.  2.  plain  (speaking),  simple 
(affair);  Drappo  — ,  plain  cloth,  not 
worked.  3.  (Messa)  -a,  =piana,  without 
music.  4.  Passarla  -a,  or  pulita,  to 
pass  over  a  fault.  5-  Venir  — ,  to  come 
straight ;  Ti  vengo  — ,  i  denari  gli  ho 
spesi  tutti,  I  come  to  you  without  dis- 
guising anything,  I  have  spent  all  the 
money.  6.  easy,  cheap;  Un  desinare 
alia  -a,  inexpensive  dinner ;  Ma  che 
vuoi  andare  al  teatro  con  questo  tempo? 
andiamo  a  letto,  che  e  la  piu  -a,  you 
would  not  propose  going  out  to  the 
theatre  in  weather  like  this?  let  us  go 
to  bed,  that  is  the  simplest  plan. 

7.  Passar  — ,  to  go  ahead  regardlessly. 

8.  as  sb.^  —  Belletto,  paint. 

Etym,  O.  H.G.  **llso  (a  word  interred  from  an 
actual  list,  gently),  whence  Germ.  /«/**,  soft.  But 
the  Gr.  Atcrtros,  flat,  may  possibly  be  the  origin  of 
the  Italian  word,  cp.  Span,  lisa,  flat.  The  Fr.  lisse 
s  probably  borrowed  from  Italian.  Having  regard 
o  the  vowel  (?=  Romance  *',  i—e)  Die/  prefers  the 
Icrmanic  derivation ;  this  also  agrees  more  exactly 
with  the  meaning,  since  Liscio  means  soft  rather 
han  merely  smooth,  whilst  At<rer6«  generally  refers 
o  a  rock  or  cliff.  Nor  is  it  very  likely  that  such  a 


word  would  pass  from  Greek  to  Italian  without  the 
intervention  of  Latin. 

Lisciola  A;  barking  knife. 
*Lisciume  »/.;  i.q.  Lisciamento. 

Lisciv-a/  (L.  lixivium) ;  =  Ranno, 
lye.  Aff.  -iare,  -iamdnto. 

Liscdso ;  v.  Lisca. 

Lisimachia  f.  (Gr.  \v<rtndxiov);  (tot.)  loose- 
strife, Lysimachia. 

*  Lis  ma  f. ;  =  Kisma,  ream. 

Liso ;  worn  out. 

Etym.  Either  connected  with  O.H.G.  sllzan 
(>Germ.  schlitzen,  to  split)  or  by  aphaeresis  <  L. 
elisus,  elldo,  <  e,  laedo.  The  former  derivation  is 
supported  by  the  Lombard  and  Tyrolese  words  stiss, 
stts ;  the  latter  by  the  Aretine  aliso  which  corre- 
sponds to  L.  allisus,<allidoy<ad,  laedo,  to  dash 
against,  to  smash. 

LissayC;  —  longitudinale,  longitudinal  framing 
of  a  ship,  t  =  Lizza  amia,  a  species  of  mackerel. 

Lista,  pop.  Listra/  (O.H.G.  lista, 
cp.  Germ.  Leiste,  border,  strip,  E.  list) ; 

1.  strip.     2.  list  (ofnames).    3.  (herald?) 
coloured  line. 

*i.  =  Fila,  line.  ii.  =Ciocca  di  capelli,  streak, 
D.  Purg.  i.  36.  iii.  line,  D.  Purg.  4.  42.  iv.  (arch.) 
=  Cimasa. 

List-are ;  to  border,  -arella  / ; 
dim.  of  -a. 

List&llo  m. ;  (arch.)  streak,  flat  line. 

Listessa  ;  pop.  for  L'  istessa. 
Listfnay;;  dim.  Lista. 

Listino  m. ;  i.  price-list.  2.  time- 
table. 

List-6na  augm.,  -ra^A?/.;  v.  Lista. 
Listdnem. ;  (war.)  rail.    —  di  difesa,=Giardin- 
etto  a  pie  d'  albero,  fife-rail. 

*  Li  tame  ;  =  Letame,  dung. 

Litanla  ( Litanfe)/(  L.j  <  Gr.  XiTovWa, 
<  XITOVOS-,  <  Xtrrjj  prayer) ;  r.  litany. 

2.  fig.  scherz.  long  tedious  discourse. 

Litantrace  m.  (Gr.  \i6os,  avdpag) ; 
anthracite. 

*  Litare  ;  to  offer  sacrifice. 

Litargirio  m.  (Gr.  At'0ot,  apyvpoy);  litharge, 
vitreous  oxide  of  lead  separated  from  silver  in 
refining. 

Lite/;  i.  dispute.    2.  law-suit. 

Etym.  L.  /w,  <old  L.  stlis,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
strit  (>Germ.  Streit),  A.S.  strid,  zeal,  striddn,  to 
stride,  originally  to  strive,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Stride, 
Strife. 

Lit£ssere  m.\  (j«^.)=Litoclasto,  lithotrite. 

Litiasiy!;  (med.)  tne  disease  of  stone. 

Liti-care,  or  pop.  -gare;  v.  Leticare. 

Litichino,  ecc.;  -v.  Letichino. 

Litigare ;  v.  Leticare. 

Litigi-o,  Letigi-o  m,  (L.,  <litemt  ago) ;  dis- 
pute. Aft.  -osamente,  -oso. 

Lit-io  m.,  -inayC;  lithium,  lithia. 
*Lito  m.  ;  =  Lido,  shore.    —  rubro,  coast  of  the 
Red  Sea. 

Litobio  m.\  stone  centipede,  Lithobius. 

Litocart6ni  ;«.  (Gr.  Ai0o«,  L.  carta);  artificial 
slate. 

Litoclasto  m.  (Gr.  Atfof,  itXafw);  lithotrite. 

Litocdlla  f.  (Gr.  Ai'0o«,  xoXAa);  a  mixture  of 
glue  and  pounded  marble  dust,  used  as  a  cement. 

Litocromia  /.  (Gr.  Xt'flos,  xp^^a);  chromo- 
lithograph y. 

Li  1 6domo  m. ;  lithodome,  a  genus  of  shell* 
fishes  of  which  one,  Litkodomns  dactilus,  is  edible. 

Litofanfay!;  shaded  drawing  on  porcelain. 

Litofito  m.  (Gr.  Xi'flo?,  0ur6f);  coral  polyp. 

Litofotograiia ;  lithophotography. 

Litogeniay.;  theory  of  rock  formation. 

Litoglifite  m. ;  lithoglyph,  fossil  looking  as  if 
engraved. 

Litograf-are,  -ia,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o;  as  E. 

Litdide  adj.  or  sb. ;  stone-like. 

Litolog-ia,  -ico,  -p;  lithology,  etc. 

Litomanzia /;  divination  by  precious  stones. 

Litomarga/.  (Gr.  \COos,  L.  marga,  marl);  a 
sort  of  coloured  clay,  lithomarge. 

Litorale  ;  v.  Littorale. 

Litdsidi  m.  pl.\  a  family  of  moths. 

Litospermo  m. ;  (iW.)grom  well,  Litkcsptrmum 
officinale. 

43—2 


340 

Lit6te/.  (Gr.  XiTonjt,  <  AITO?,  plain);  (gram.) 
the  opposite  of  an  hyperbole,  e.g.  to  say  not  bad 
meaning  very  good. 

Litotom  -la/ ;  (surf.)  lithotomy.    Aff.  -ista,  -o. 

Litotriayl;  a  genus  of  barnacle  shells,  Litho- 
trya. 

Lito-trisia  -trissia,  -trizia  f.  (Gr.  Ai'0o«,  Tft'pw, 
to  rub);  (.surf.)  lithotrity. 

Litro  ///.  (Fr.  litre,  a  word  coined 
at  the  time  of  the  Revolution  from 
litron,  an  old  measure  of  capacity  ; 
litron  is  prob.  <  bit.  litra,  a  variant  of 
libra,  v.  Lira) ;  litre,  the  contents  of  a 
cubic  decimetre,  about  a  pint  and 
three-quarters;  it  constitutes  also  the 
basis  of  the  metric  system  of  weights, 
a  kilogramme  being  the  weight  of  a 
litre  of  water. 

•Litta  /    (O.H.G.    letta,    cf.    Germ.    Letten, 
potter's  clay);   fine  river-sand. 
Littorale,  Litorale;  on  t 
Littoraneo ;  =  Littorale. 


ie  shore,  littoral. 


LITOTE— LOGORO 

*Livriere  »*. ;  =  Levriere,  greyhound. 
*Lizio;  i.  v.  Ligio.     ii.  =  Aglio,  garlic. 

Lizza  (Liccia)  /  (A) ;  lists,  arena. 
*quarrel. 

Etym.  mlt.  liciae,  barriers,  cp.  Span,  liza,  Fr. 
lice,  formerly  lisst,  >  E.  lists.  The  origin  of  Ucitu 
is  doubtful ;  possibly  it  was  from  L.  licium,  thread, 
referring  to  the  enclosing  ropes.  Or  it  may  have 
been  <  mlt.  licia,  a  stake,  <  mlt.  licins,  oaken,  <  L. 
iliceus,  of  ilex;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lists. 

B)  —  amia,  —  glauca,  two  species  of  mackerel, 
Lickia,  locally  termed  Lissa  or  Leccia,  and  Lizza 
bastarda  or  Lecca,  respectively. 

Lo  (L.  ilium} \  i.  the,  now  used 
before  s  impure,  z,  gn,  and  (as  /')  before 
a  vowel.  It  is  also  used  in  the  phrases: 
Per  lo  meglio,  Per  lo  lungo,  Per  lo  piu, 
and  in  the/r<?z>.  Avutala  grazia,  gabbato 
lo  santo,  the  prayer  being  granted,  the 
saint  was  tricked  ;  sometimes  Lo  che  is 
said  for  II  che.  2.  him,  it. 


Littdre  m.  (L.) ;  lictor.    *constable. 
Littorina  /  ;  the  periwinkle  genus 
of  shell-fish. 

Lituano;  Lithuanian,  ancient  Polish. 

Lituite  f. ;  a  genus  of  nautilus. 

Lituo  m.  (L.);  i.  augur's  crook.  2.  a  trumpet 
of  like  shape. 

*Litura  /  (L.);  i.  erasure,     ii.  =Macchia. 

Liturgfa  /.  (mlt.  word,  <  L.  liturgus,  =_Gr. 
\eiTOUpy6s,  <  Aeiros,  public,  epywj  to  work ;  Aetros 
is<Aews  or  Aads,  people);  liturgy.  *  illicit  profit. 

Liturgic-o ;  (Lingua)  -a,  used  in  a  church 
liturgy.  (Pittura)  -a,  sacred.  Aff.  -amente. 

Li'uto  (Leuto)  m,  (Arabic  al-ud,  al,  the.  ud, 
stick,  cp.  laud,  aland,  the  Span,  and  Portug.  forms 
of  the  word)  ;  lute. 

*i.    Porla  sul   — ,   to   take  some   trouble  over  a 
matter,     ii.   small  boat.     iii.    chemical  vessel. 

Liv£lla/;=  Livello  (A). 

Livellare  adj. ;  v.  Livello  (B). 

Livell-are  ind.  livello  ;  i.  to  take 
the  levels  of,  in  surveying.  2.  to  make 
level.  3.  =Allivellare,  T.  Livello  (B). 
Aff.  -amento. 

Livellario  ;  v.  Livello  (B).  As  sb., 
leaseholder. 

Livellat6io  m.\  levelling  tool  used  in  watch- 
making. 

Livell-azioney;;  v.  -are,  vt>. 

Livfcllo  m.  (A)  (for  Livella,<L.  Ii- 
bella,  water-level,  dim.  of  libra,  balance); 

1.  level.     2.    instrument  for  observing 
levels ;  —  a  bolla  d'  aria,  spirit-level. 

(B)  (L.  Iibellus}\    \.   deed  of  lease. 

2.  property  held  on  lease.     3.  rent  paid 
under  a  lease. 

* Liverare  (L.  liberare)\  i.  to  finish,  ii.  to  wear 
out.  iii.  to  hand  over,  for  execution. 

*Livero  (for  Liverato);  i.  abrogated,  ii.  broken 
down  (vines),  ruined. 

*Livertizio  m.  ;  =  Ruvistico,  privet. 

*Livi  ;=  Ivi,  there. 

Livid-o;  as  E.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -astro  or  -etto 
dims.,  -ezza,  -icclo  dim.,  -ore  (poet.),  -ura  mark  of 
a  bruise. 

Etym.  L.  iivz'dus,  bluish,  prob.  for  **  slividus, 
cp.  Slovenian  sliv,  bluish,  Lith.  slyuii,  plum,  E.  sloe, 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Sloe. 

*Liviritta;  emphasised  form  of  Livi,  there. 

*  Lfivo  m.  ;  =  Tasso,  yew-tree. 

Liv6re  m.  (L.);  envy.    *lividity. 

*Livornina./C;  a  kind  of  safe  conduct  granted  to 
Leghorn  in  the  time  of  Ferdinand  I. 

'Livornino  m.\  a  coin  =  9  Juliuses,  nearly 
5  francs. 

Liv6rno  m. ;  (geogr.}  Leghorn. 

*Livra;  v.  Lira. 


r.  /ivr<fe,a.  thing  given,  < 
livrer,<L.  liberare) ;  i.  livery.  2.  colour 
of  a  bird's  plumage.  *palace. 

Aff.  -eato  in  livery,  -eina  dim.  vezz.  or  iron. 


Lobato  ;  ^ , 

L/dbbia  m.\  a  certain  kind  of  soft  hat. 
L6b-o  m.  (Gr.  Ao^os);  lobe.     Aff.  -etto  dim. 
Ldbulo  m.\  lobule  of  the  ear. 
Local-e;   i.  local.     2.  as  tb.t  rooms  for  offices. 
Aff.  -ita,  -izzare,  -mdnte. 

Locanda  / ;  inn,  the  term  is  from 
the  L.  phrase  est  locanda  (loeare,  to  let 
for  hire)  formerly  posted  up  at  Lucca 
and  elsewhere  upon  houses  to  let. 

*i.  Lettere  di  Camera  — ,  letters  of  large  size 
suitable  for  a  notice  To  let.  ii.  Metier"—  al  vero, 
to  tell  lies. 

Locandifcr-a/,  -e  m.\  inn-keeper. 

Loc-are  ;  to  let.  Aff.  -atario  lessee, 
-ativo  adj.,  -atore,  -atrice  lessor,  -azi6ne 
contract  of  lease. 

tLoccayi;   i.  =  Loppa,  chaff,     ii.   —  di  castro, 
black  umber  fish,  v.  Corvina. 
tLoccaione  w.;  =  Allocco. 

fLoccheggiare  ind.  loccheggio;  to  be  spying 
about. 

tL6cco  or  L6cco;  =  Allocco. 

Ldchi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  Aoxo«,  childbirth,  <  Aeyw,  to 
lay);  (tried.)  as  E. 

Lochiano  ;  of  the  school  of  Locke. 
*Lochio  m.\  light  breeze. 
tL6cio  ;  =  Minchione,  Sciatto. 
*Loco  m.\  i.  place,     ii.  wealth,     iii.  adv.  there, 
iv.  immediately,     v.  adj.  uneducated. 
L6com6bile  m.\  traction-engine. 
Locomo-tiva/,  -t6re  m.,  -zidne/.;  as  E. 
tLocorino  m. ;=  Lucherino,  goldfinch. 
*  Loculo  nt.  (L.);  i.  tomb.     ii.  cell. 

Locuplet-are  ind.  locupleto  (L,);  to  enrich. 
Aff.  -azione. 

Locusta  (Ligusta)/ (L.);  i.  locust  2.  (bet.) 
lamb's  lettuce,  Valtrianella,  otitorla.  *  =  AHgusta, 
lobster. 

Locustella  f.\    i.  =  Lodola  delle   siepi,   lark. 
2.  =Forapaglie  macchiettato,  grasshopper  warbler. 
Locuzi6ne_/;  locution. 

Lod-are  (Laudare)  ind.  16'do;  to 
praise,  -arsi  di,  to  be  satisfied,  pleased 
with.  *to  confirm  (a  judicial  sentence). 

Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 

L6de  (Loda)/  (L.  laus}\  praise. 
Lod&vol-e  ;      praiseworthy.        Aff. 
-m^nte. 

Lodigiano;  of  Lodi,  in  Lombardy. 
L6do  m.  (It.  lodare);   i.  arbitrator's 
decision.     2.  expert  opinion. 

*  i.  approval  of  work  done.     ii.  =  Lode. 

Lbdola,  Allodola  /.  (L.  <dauda}\ 
lark.  Carne  di  — ,  with  word-play  on 
Lode,  praise,  flattery. 

The  term  is  variously  applied  to  sundry  small 
birds  as  follows:  —  arborea  or  mattugia  =  Tolta- 
villa,  wood-lark  ;  — campestre  or  pan  terana,  sky-lark  ; 

—  cappelluta   or  crestuta,  =  Cappellaccla,   crested 
lark  ;  —  dei  campi  or  piccola,  =Calandro,  rock  pipit ; 

—  gola  gialla,  shore  lark,  Philertmos  alptstris\  — 
maschio,  =  Strillozzo,  corn  bunting. 

Lodolaio  m.;  hobby  (bird),  v.  Barletta. 
Lodol-ettayT;  dim.  of -a. 


Lodolicchio  /«.;  =  Tottavilla,  wood-Iarlc. 
Lodol-inay?;  dim.  of -a. 
Lodol-ino  ;«.;  i.  dim.  of  -a.     2.  =Calandrino, 
short-toed  lark.     3.  =  Lodolicchio,  wood-lark. 

Lodovico ;  Louis. 

tLodra  f.\  dragon et  fish,  v.  Callionimo. 
*  Lodretto  m, ;  a  kind  of  meat  pie. 
fLodrin  nt. ;  yellow  gurnard,  v,  Callionimo. 
*L-oferno;  Holofernes. 

L6fFayC  (etym.  unkn,)\    i.   silent  discharge  of 
wind.     2.  (J'Ot.)  —  di  lupo,  puff,  Lycoperdott.     fFar 
la  — ,  of  polenda,  when  nearly  cooked,  to  rise  so  as 
to  make  bubbles  which  burst. 
L6ffia/;  i.g.  Loffa  (i). 
L6ffio  ;  =  Mencio,  flabby. 

Loffi6n-e  m.,  -af-i  i.  v.  Loffia.     2.  ?».  Loffio. 

L6fio    tn. ;    angler   fish,    Lophiits   piscatorius, 

locally   termed    Rospo,   Gianello,   Giudio,    Boudroi, 

Boldrfcj  Pescatrice,  Maga,  Diavolo  di  man,  Giuranna 

di  mari. 

Lofiod6nte  nt. ;  a  fossil  pachyderm. 
Lof6fori  m.  //.;  a  genus  of  pheasants,  Lopho- 
phorus. 

Loforniti  m.  pi. ;  a  genus  of  humming  birds, 
Lophornis. 

Logaccio  m.\  fegg.  Luogo. 
*LogaioIo  w.;=Mezzaiolo. 
*Logaone  m.\  (anal.)  the  rectum. 
*  Logare ;  v,  Locare. 

Logar-itmo  or  -immo  tn.\  logarithm.  Aff. 
-ico. 

t  L-oge  /  //. ;  Far  Ie  — ,  to  caress. 

Logg6tt-a/;  dim.  Loggia.    Aff.  -fn.i  sub-dim. 
tLoggher  m.  (Dutch  word);  =  Goletta,  schooner. 

Lbggia/;  i.  open  gallery  supported 
on  pillars ;  —  pontificate,  the  arch  in 
the  facade  of  St  Peter's  where  the  Pope 
used  to  deliver  his  blessing.  2.  masonic 
lodge.  3.  (bot.)  in  //.,  the  cavities  of 
a  fruit  or  anther. 

*t.  palace,  ii.  lodging,  shelter,  hut.  iii.  Tenere 
a  — ,  =Tenere  a  bada,  v.  Bada.  iv.  Tenere  —  de'  fatti 
d'  uno,  -  Sindacare,  to  criticise  his  actions  closely. 
v.  Comparire  a  — ,  to  become  publicly  known,  vi.  A 
— ,  in  abundance,  tvii.  =  Terrene,  soil. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  loubat  gallery  of  a  house,  cp. 
mlt.  lnubia,  Lombard  and  Piedmontese  lobia  (>  E. 
lobby),  Fr.  loge  (>E.  lodge),  M.H.G.  lonbe,  arbour 
(>Germ.  Laube^  arbour).  The  Germanic  stem  is 
laubo,  cp.  O.H.G.  loub  (>Germ.  Lattb,  leaf),  E. 
leaf,  so  that  the  original  meaning  would  be  "leafy 
arbour." 

Loggiat-0  ///. ;  colonnade.  Aff.  -ino 
dim. 

Loggione  m.\  \.  augm.  Loggia. 
2.  (tketit.)  top  gallery. 

Loghett-accio  spreg.,  -ino  dim.  vesz.,  -o 
dim.,  -ucciaccio  dim.  Pegg.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg., 
of  Luogo. 

Loghi-cci61o  dim.,  -ciattolo  dim.  spreg.,  of 
Luogo. 

Logica  (Loica)yi;  i.  logic.     2.  pop.  coxcomb. 

Logic-am£nte;  adv.  of-o. 


ogn 

Logicatayi;  act  of  a  coxcomb. 
Logichettay!;  dim.  of  Logica  (2). 
Logico  (Gr.);  logical. 

*  Logistica  f.\  \.  algebra,    ii.  logarithmic  curve. 
Loglierella/;  (bot.)  heath  grass,  Triodia  re- 

cumbens. 

Loglierillo  ;«.;  v.  Loglio  (2). 

Lbglio  (Lolio)  m. ;  (M.)  i.  darnel, 
Lolium  temulentum.  2.  —  salvatico, 
perennial  rye-grass,  Lolium  perenne, 
also  termed 'Loglierello.  3.  — nostrale, 
Italian  rye-grass,  Lolium  itaUcum. 

Loglidso  ;  full  of  tares. 

*  L-ogne ;  Da  — ,  from  afar. 
Logo ;  r.  Luogo. 

L-ogodoro  ;  the  name  of  the  largest  of  the  four 
Giudicati  or  Judicial  divisions  of  Sardinia  in  Dante's 
time,  when  the  island  was  held  by  the  Pisans ;  it 
comprised  the  north- we^t  portion.  D.  Inf.  22.  89. 

Log6grafo  m.\  chronicler. 

Logbgrifo  /«.  (Gr.  Xoyo«,  ypi4>o«,  riddle);  word- 
twisting  riddle. 

Logomachia,/  (Gr.);  wordy  strife. 

Logor-are  ind.  logoro ;  to  wear  out. 
Aff.  -anufnto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -fo. 

L6goro  ;  i.  worn  out.  ASJ^.  :  2.  con- 
sumption, wear  and  tear.  3.  sportsman's 


LOGOTENENTE— LUCCICONE 


whistle.  4.  falconer's  lure,  a  piece  of 
leather  with  feathers,  fluttered  in  imi- 
tation of  a  pigeon  to  recall  the  hawk. 

l  ,E'ym'  ,.M.-H'G-  lumffr,  dainty  morsel,  bait, 
gluttonous  living,  fast  life,  so  that  the  origina 
meaning  of  Logorare  is  "  to  consume  by  fast  livine  " 

id   that  of  Logoro  is  "bait."      Logoro,    ndi     is 

Lu™'  er'  Fr'  te"rre<  E'   lure-   »•  slteat,  fui 

Logotenente;  v.  Luogotenente. 
Logrizia  /;  =  Liquirizia,  liquorice. 
l*ogro;  =  Logoro,  worn  out. 
Loguccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Luogo. 

L6ia/  (A)  (etym.  dub.,  frob.  from 
It.  illuvie,  <  L.  illuvies or  alluvies,  flood 

IfS*  a  form  **illov|a,  the  first 
syllable  being  dropped,  perhaps  by  be- 
ing taken  for  the  article,  and  the  v  lost)  • 
dirt,  layer  of  dirt.  *(B)  =  Loggia. 

*Loico;  =  Logico. 

tLdiola/:;=FavilIa,  spark. 

.  Loiplesco  ;  after  Loyola,  Jesuitical. 

Loliche  f  ft.-  rusty  iron  nails  and  tools. 

Lolio;  v.  Loglio. 

L6Ua  /  (etym.  unkn.) ;  =  Loppa 
husk.  Aver  le  man!  di  — ,  to  be  always 
dropping  things.  Esser  di  — ,  to  be 
decrepit. 

(  Lollfgine  / ;  =  Calamaio,  cuttle-fish. 

Lolo  m .  (corr.  of  It.  avolo);  i.  grandfather 
travsgn'b  '"  Shest;ut,s'  £u<*  as  drop  from  the  drying 
to TraEs  y  "'  the  heat  *  ^epherd's  caU 

*  Lold  ;  often,  over  and  over  again 
•Lorna;  v.  Lomia. 
Lombaggine/:;  lumbago. 
Lombarda/;  a  certain  kind  of  dance. 

Lombardata/;  Fare  la  — ,  of  work- 
men, to  form  a  line  and  hand  bricks,  etc 
from  one  to  another  so  that  they  may 
pass  quickly  to  the  required  spot 


49-     Aff.  -ame'nte,  -anza  sb.,  -etto  dim 
-uccio  dim. 

,,) .t^pjJJ*01?^  (L-  f«'««- >' */«<«&,  with  intrusive 
WJ,—  rillacchera,  splash. 


-- /•  (L.  lutra,  with  intrusive 
',  to  bathe,  cp.  Gr.  ewSpls,  i.e. 
,„; — i  TT  otterj  ^  — 


L6nza  /  (A)  (bit.  **fyHfea,<L. 
lynx,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ounce) ;  panther  a 
conventional  translation ;  the  word  only 
occurs  in  D.  Inf.  i.  32  and  16.  108  or 
with  reference  to  these  passages. 

(B)  (Etym.  dub.,  perhaps  L.  lumbus, 
<**lumbea,  Cp.  Fr.  longe) ;  i.  loin.  2.  in 
pi.,  the  fleshy  parts  of  the  head  and 
feet  remaining  attached  to  the  hide  of 
an^ox  after  skinning  the  carcase. 

rh'm.  I?.1?"''3 —to  exert  oneself,  ii.  =  Arista, 
chine,  tin.  (prod,  for  —  vuota,  empty  loin  used 
for  empty  stomach)  hunger,  iv.  'a  variety  of 'grape 
and  vine.  v.  drunkenness. 

L6nzo  (akin  to  O.H.G.  lumen,  to 
sleep  lightly) ;  flabby,  enervated. 

Mexican  genus  of  Ona- 


Oca 


white-fronted 


/  <Gr-  AwinoK,  mantle);  felucca  with  an 
*Lopizia/;  =  Alopecia,  baldness. 

Lbppa  /  (prob.  <  L.  Ma,  haulm, 
cp.  Or.  Xon-dy,  peel,  A<rVw,  to  strip); 
i.  chaff.  2.  in  //.,  iron  slag. 

Lbppi  m.  pi.  ;  dross  of  iron  or  coal. 

tLoppina/;  maple  leaves  used  as  forage. 

Lbppo,  Ldppio  m.  (for  L'  oppio.  < 
L.  opulus,  maple);  (dot.)  maple-tree, 
Acer  campestris. 

•Loppolo  m.;  heat  spot  on  the  head 


ancients,  which  was  a  name  for  several  different 
plants,  v.  Liddell  and  Scott,  sut  Aomis     2    —  af 
fncano,  Lotus  edulis,  also  termed   Pisello      3     _ 
egiziano,    Egyptian    lotus,    v.    Ninfea    (2). 
Clhegio,  nettle-tree,  v.    Bagolaro. 

Lotbfago ;  lotus-eating. 
TLotregan  m. ;  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (i). 

L6tta/  (A)  (L.  lucta,  cp.  Roumanian 
lupta,  old  Fr.  luite,  Span,  lucha,  the 
root  is  seen  in  Gr.  \vyos,  a  withy,  Xvyifa, 
to  twist) ;  i.  wrestling  match.  2.  struggle 
of  any  kind. 

*(B)  (perhaps  <  It.  motta,  altered  by  attraction  of 
lotoj ;  sod. 

Lottatdre  m. ;  wrestler,  v.  Lotta  (A). 

Lotterfa  / ;  i.  administration  of 
the  public  lotteries.  2.  allotting. 

L6tto  m.  (O.H.G.  hloz,  cp  Gr 
KAyof,  f.  Skeat,  sub  Lot);  i.  State 
lottery,  z/.  Am  bo,  Terno  and  Estratto  (3)- 
Banco  di  — ,  lottery  office.  2.  lot,  at 
a  sale. 

Lotume  m.  ;  =  Lordume,  filth. 

Lovanio;  Louvain,  in  Belgium 
Lozio  m.  (L.  latium);  urine. 
*  Lozione  /.  ;  =  Abluzione. 

Lubbidne  m.  •  i.q.  Loggione,  gallery 
of  a  theatre. 

Lubeccay:;  (reogr.)  Lubeck. 
Lubegme/X;  Aver  le  -,  to  be  moody,  dull. 
Luoiana./;;  \geo£r'.)  Laybach,  in  Austria. 

c-o  (L.;  for  the  root  v.  Skeat,  sub  Slip); 


,. 

Luca  m.:   Luke.     Un  —  fa'  presto    one  who 

eh''S    W 


Lombardo;    Lombard.     II  gran  —    D    Par 
17.  71,  Bartolommeo  della  Scala  ' 

Lombare;  lumbar. 

Lombat-a  /  ;  loin  (of  meat).     Aff. 
-ma  dim. 

IxSmbo  (Lumbo)  m.  (L.  Iambus);  loin 
Lombncaio  m.;  place  full  of  worms. 

Lombrfc-o    m.    (L.);    worm.     Aff. 
-ale,   -hetto   dim.,   -oide,    -6ne    aurm 
-uccio  spreg. 
*  Lome  ;  v  .  Lume. 
•Lomia;  v.  Lumia. 
•Lonchite./;  male  fem 
Londra/1  London. 


t  L6pporo  ;«.  (L.  lufulus,  dim.  of  /«>«,  hook)  • 
imo  a  well        P"      g  "P  °b'Kt*  wh'Ch  ha"  fallcn 


Lopp6so;.full  of  husks. 


ila. 


n. 

Longamm-e  ;  patient.     Aff.  .emente,  -i 
•Longara/;  road  along  a  river  bank. 

Longarfna,    Lungarlna  /,-    iron 
girder. 

Long<5v-o  (L.);  long-lived.  Aff.  -ita. 

Longherine  /  //.  ;  (mar.)  launching  ways 
.Longher6ne«.;(OT«r)sponsonbeam  external 

r°pS,   n^  °f  tl":P,addI<-b°*i'>  =>  paddTe'steaTer 
f.  raasch,  Diz.  mar.  plate  30.  4. 

•  Longia  /  ;  =  Kaggiro,  trick. 
Longiare  ;  -  di,  to  keep  far  away  from. 
Longicirni  m.  pi.;  a  family  of  beetles 
distance"*""  /;  measu"!n'«"  of  heights  and 

1°/.Lthe  traditi°"»l  name  of  the  soldier 

Christ  on  "-  Cross'  btcome 


Lonicera  /  ;  (6ot.)  honeysuckle,  v. 
Caprifogho. 

Lontan-o  (**longita*us,<**lonn- 
tas,  <  L.  longus,  cp.  Fr.  /««/«>f)  . 
distant.  *long-continued,  U.  Par  iV 


Loquac-e;  loquacious.    Aff.  .emente,  -ita. 
Loquela/;  talking. 
•Lora,  *Lor;  =  Allora,  then. 
Lorare ;  to  fasten  leather  thongs  on  the  feet. 

Lord-o  (bit.  lurdus,  v.  Lurido); 
i-  dirty.  2.  Peso  — ,  gross  weight; 
Kendita  -a,  gross  return  on  invested 
money,  subject  to  deductions  for  income- 
tax,  etc. 

Aff.  -amente,  -are  vb.,  -ume  -ura  filth. 
Lorenese ;  of  the  house  of  Lorraine    the  sue 
cessors  of  the  Medici  family. 

Loretan-o ;    Ordine    -a,    instituted    by    Pope 
is  V  under  the  protection  of  the  Madonna  di 
ore'°'  ."  "a*  long  ceased  to  exist. 

Lori  rn.fl.  (Malay  word);  lories,  parrots. 

Loric-a/ (L.);   i.  cuirass.     2.  (bot.) 
seed-cover.     Aff.  -ato. 

Loro  (L.  illorum);  their,  them,  they. 

Losang-a/  (Proveng.  losa,  square 
stone,  originally  tombstone,  <  L.  lapis 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  \<)io,sub  Lozenge) ;  heraldic 
lozenge.  Aff.  -ato. 

Losanna;  Lausanne  in  Switzerland. 
tL6»ci-o  ;  i.  =  Floscio.     ii.  "ferra'-a"^  Ja«h. 

Ldsco,  Lusco;  i.  short-sighted. 
2.  fig.  stupid,  stolid.  *one-eyed. 

Etym.  L  liucu,,  half  blind  or  one-eyed  tral, 
<  Inc.,  stem  of  luc-eo,  to  shine,  with  loss  of  c  as  in 
luua,  and  with  an  inchoative  suffix  -«•«,  TO  that  the 
literal  meaning  is  "glimmering." 

Loto  m.  (A)  (L.  lutum) ;  i.  mud. 
2.  luting. 

(B)  (L.  &^,<Gr.);  (/,„(.)  ,.  Ae  lotus  of  the 


mo 
Lucardfno  w.;  Lucardo  cheese. 

Lucarino;  v.  Lucherino. 
Lucca/;    Phrases:    i.  Figurine  di 
—  ,  plaster  figures,  a  staple  industry  at 
Lucca.     2.  Pare  una  madonnina  di  — 
said   of   a   beautiful   but    cold-hearted 
woman.     3.  A   ~  ti  vidi,  e  a  Pisa  ti 
conpbbi,  referring  to  a  story  of  one  who 
having  been  handsomely  entertained  at 
Lucca  gave  his  host  an   invitation  to 
stay   with  him   at   Pisa,   but   failed   to 
receive  him  on  his  arrival.     4.  A  —  ti 
viddi,   or   ti    rividdi,    iron,   when    not 
expecting,  or  not  wishing  for  another 
meeting;  the  same  expression  may  be 
used  when  not  wishing  to  reply  to  some 
question  or  remark,  v.  Addio  (3);  Vieni 
che  ti  faro  veder  Lucca,  said  to  a  little 
boy  when  one  lifts  him  up  by  the  head. 

Lucchese;  of  Lucca.  Prm.  Costa  piu  che  il 
fo  htv0yanoL0UdCs:heS1'  the  S"CM°  bei"«  a  "v"  liab'<= 
clot*hLUCCheSin°  "•'  '•  a  COS"y  red  d5"!-  "•  scarl« 

Lucch^tt-o  m.  (Fr.  loquet,  latch  of 
a  door,  dim.  of  old  Fr.  he,  lock,  of 
Germanic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lock)  • 
i.  padlock.  2.  latch.  Aff.  -fno  dim., 
-one  augm. 


(70, 


Lucchi  m.  ;  =  Sussi. 
'Lucci  m.tl.;  eyes. 

la^  (*"•>  ad 


s  <ongue  fern,  ».  Erba 


Luccicare    ind.    luccico    (freq.    of 
lucere)  ;  to  sparkle,  shine  ;  of  the  eyes, 
to    shine   with    tears.     Aff.    Luccichfo 
freq.  sb. 

Luccicone  m.  ;  big  tear. 

i  K(1i!"'-  aAn  ""&"•  <L-  l»ftn,  to  mourn,  altered 
under  the  influence  of  lucrrt,  to  shine. 


342 


LUCCICO— LUMINELLO 


tLuccico  tft. ;  =  Bruzzico,  dawn. 

Liiccio  m.  (L.  lucius);  pike,  Esox 
lucius. 

Liicciol-a  /   (L.   luceo,  to  shine)  ; 

1.  firefly.      2.    glow-worm;    Dare    ad 
intendere   -e   per  lanterne,   to  make  a 
person  take  fireflies  for  lanterns,  i.e.  to 
deceive  him.     3.   pop.  ulcer.     4.    Erba 
— ,  v.  Luccia. 

*  holder  for  a  night-light. 

Lucciolaio  w. ;  a  quantity  of  glow-worms. 
*Lucciolare;  i.  =  Luccicare.  tii.  to  weep. 
*Lucciolato  /«. ;  glow-worm. 

Luccioletta/;  j.  dim.  vezz.  Lucciola.  2.  — 
del  mare,  Noctiluca,  locally  termed  Ltisariola,  the 
minute  mollusc  which  produces  phosphorescence  in 
the  sea. 

Llicciolo  m. ;  a  silkworm  in  a  certain 
diseased  state  causing  it  to  glisten. 

Liicciolone  m. ;  i.  augm.  Lucciola. 

2.  =Luccicone. 

Lucco  m.  (possibly  <  Germanic  root  luf,  to 
shut,  v.  Lucchetto);  magistrate's  robe  in  medieval 
Florence  fastened  close  round  the  waist. 

Luce/  (L.  lux,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Light);  light. 
*eye. 

Lucent-e;  bright.     Aff.  -ezza. 
*Lucere  (L.  lucere)\  to  shine. 

Luc&rn-a/  (L.);  i.  oil  lamp  of  the 
ancient  shape.  2.  =  Nicchio,  three- 
cornered  hat,  so  called  from  its  shape. 

3.  -e  da  preti,  paste  for  soup  cut  into 
similar  shapes.     4.   lamp-shaped  stone 
for  receiving  oil,  or  grape  juice,  from 
the    press.     5.    tub-fish,   a    species    of 
gurnard,   Trigla  corax.     \\.   a  species 
of  perch,  v.   Sciarrano  (3).     ii.  v.  Ca- 
prisco. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ata  as  much  oil  as 
will  fill  a  lamp,  -etta  dim.  vezz.,  -iere 
lamp-stand,  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  -ino  dim., 
also,  policeman  wearing  a  Lucerna, 
three-cornered  hat,  -one  augm.,  -uccia 
dim.  pegg. 

Lucertol-a  /  (L.  lacerta);  lizard. 
Avere  la  —  a  due  code,  i.e.  to  be  very 
lucky.  Aver  mangiato  le  -e,  i.e.  to  be 
very  thin.  Ajf.  -e^ta  dim.  vezz. 

Lucertolo  m. ;  silverside,  of  beef. 

Lucertol6ne  //;. ;  augw.  Lucertola. 

Luch^ra/ ;  queer  look. 

Lucherare  ind.  luchero  (O.H.G. 
luoken,  cp.  E.  look,  Fr.  reluquer,  to  eye 
curiously,  v.  Skeat,  sufi  Look) ;  to  look 
at  sternly,  angrily. 

Lucherino,  Lucarino  tit.  (either  <  L.  Ligvri- 
HIIS,  Ligurian,  or  Celtic  lacar,  beautiful);  siskin, 
Ckrysometris  spitiHS,  also  termed  Lugarino,  Lugaro, 
Lecora. 

Lucia  /  (A) ;  i.  St  Lucy,  patron 
saint  of  the  eyesight,  she  having  been 
martyred  with  loss  of  her  eyes;  Santa 
-  mi  vede  e  mi  sente,  i.e.  strike  me 
blind  if  it  is  not  as  I  say ;  Raccomandati 
a  Santa  — ,  keep  your  eyes  wide  open; 
tDove  I'  hai  le  sante  lucie  oggi,  where 
are  your  eyes?  2.  Lejjno  di  Santa  — , 
(hot.)  fragrant  cherry-wood  tree,  Prunus 
malaheo. 

(B)  (L.  lult'us,<luiit»i,  mud);  terra 
cotta  vase. 

(C) ;  i.  a  species  of  Cantharis, 
blister-fly.  2.  a  species  of  viper.  3.  a 
kind  of  dancing,  or  rather  writhing; 


Fare  la  — ,  to  twist  about.    4.  =  Sbornia, 
drunkenness. 

Lucia/ ;  hen-turkey. 

*Luciare;  =  Alluciare,  to  gaze  at. 
Lucidamente ;  lucidly. 

Lucid-are  ind.  liicido;  to  copy  by 
tracing.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atora, 
-atrice,  -azione  (i.q.  -amento). 

Lucid-o  (I..);  i.  shining;  Carta  -a,  cream-laid 
paper.  2.  lucid.  As  sb. :  3.  polished  appearance. 
4.  boot  polish,  etc.  Aff.  -ezza,  -ita. 

Luciferi  m.  fl. ;  a  group  of  humming-birds. 

Lucifero  m.  ;  i.  the  fallen  angel.  2.  fig. 
infuriated  person,  devil.  3.  the  planet  Venus. 

Lucifugo;  fearing  the  light. 

Lucignola/;  =  Cecilia,  blind  worm. 

Lucignolato  ;  =  Allucignolato, 
crushed. 

Lucignol-o  m.  (bit.  lutiniolum,  <  L. 
lucinium,<.luceo,v.  Luce);  i.  wick  for 
a  lamp  or  candle.  2.  fig.  E  diventato 
un  — ,  i.e.  grown  very  thin ;  Maritacci 
che  strapazzan  la  moglie  e  la  riducon 
un  — ,  cruel  husbands  who  maltreat 
their  wives  till  their  health  is  ruined. 
Similarly,  qiiasi-fig.  Vestito  ridotto  un 
— ,  a  dress  worn  into  rags.  3.  that 
quantity  of  wool  or  flax  which  is  placed 
upon  the  distaff  for  spinning.  Aff.  -one 
augm. 

Lucilia/;  a  genus  of  flies,  including  the  man- 
eating  fly  of  Cayenne  and  the  common  dung-fly. 
Lucina/;  a  genus  of  bivalve  molluscs. 

Lucio  m.  ;=Tacchino,  turkey. 

*  Luco  tn.  (L.);  grove. 

*  Lucore  tn.  \  splendour. 

Lucrabile  ;  purchaseable. 

Lucr-are ;  to  make  large  profits. 
Aff.  -ativo. 

Lucr-o  nt.  (L.,  root  leu,  to  win,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.)  '.  lucre.  Aff.  -osamente,  -6so. 

*  Lucubrare ;  v.  Elucubrare. 
*Luculento  (L.);  shining. 

Luculliano  ;  worthy  of  Lucullus,  sumptuous. 

Lucumdne  m.  (L.) ;  magistrate  of  ancient 
Etruria. 

*Ludere(L.);  to  play. 

Ludibrio  m.  (L. ;  for  the  suffix  v.  sitpra,  -bro, 
in  loco)',  i.  ridicule,  scorn.  2.  fig.  plaything. 

*  Ludimagistro  in. ;  schoolmaster. 
Ludidne  nt. ;    Cartesian    imp,  a   scientific   toy 

named  after  Descartes  illustrating  the  principle  of 
specific  gravity. 

Ludo  m.  (L.);  public  show  in  ancient  Rome. 

Lue/.  (L.  lues,  lit.  liquefied  mass,  < 
luo,  to  wash,  dissolve);  i.  pestilence, 
contagious  disease.  2.  fig.  pestilential 
monster. 

Lu£tto  m. ;  contagious  disease  of 
cattle. 

Luf,  Luffa/  (Arabic  word);  (but.)  Momordica 
luffa. 

*Luffo  w.;  =  Batufolo,  bundle. 
*Luffomastro  nt.  (Germ.  Hofmeistcr,  with  the 
Italian  article);  seneschal. 

Luganica/;  Lucanian  sausage-meat. 
Lugarino;  v.  Lucarino. 

*  Lugere,  defective  verb  (L.  lugcre);  to  weep. 

*  Luggiola  f.\  (tot.)  a  species  of  clover. 
tLuglp;  =  Ghiotto,  greedy. 

*  Lugliatico ;  =  Lugliolo, 

*Lugliembre  m. ;  Questo  — ,  schtrz.  for  never. 

Luglio  m.  (L.  Julius) ;  July.  Ven- 
dere  il  sol  di  — ,  to  sell  July  sunshine, 
i.e.  to  make  out  that  a  common  object 
is  a  rare  one.  *  =  Loglio,  tares. 

Lugliolo  ;  ripening  in  July. 

Liigubr-e  ;  lugubrious.     Aff.  -entente. 
Etynt.     L. ,   cp.    Gr.    Avv.pos,    sad,   Aev, 
distressing,  Sanskr.  ruj,  to  break,  bend ;   the  same 


transition  from  breaking  to  grieving  occurs  in  Gr. 
Aumj,  grief,  which  is  akin  to  the  L.  root  rw^,  to 
break ;  v.  Walde,  sub  Lugfo.  For  the  sufnx  v. 
supra,  -bro  in  loco. 

Lui  (bit.  ***//«/,  formed  as  the  dative  of  UU 
under  the  influence  of  cuit  but  passed  into  Italian 
as  an  accusative  and  into  French  both  as  dative  and 
accusative);  him. 

Lul  m.  (it/tit.);  i.  —  or  —  piccolo,  chirF-chafT 
or  least  willow-wren,  Sylvia  rufa,  also  termed  Silvia 
veloce.  2.  —  bianco,  a  species  of  warbler,  Syh'ia 
Bonc-llii,  also  termed  Fiaschettino.  3.  —  gialln  or 
grosso,  willow-warbler,  v.  Regolo  (8,  b\  4.  —  verde, 
wood-warbler,  Sylvia  sibilatrijc^  also  termed  Silvia 
verde  or  sibilante.  5.  fig.  for  tiny  mite;  Ha  sposato 
un  — ,  he  has  married  a  tiny  little  wife. 

Luia  f.pl.;  Hallelujahs. 

Lnigi  m. ;  Louis.  —  d'  oro,  2o-franc 
piece  now  termed  Marengo  or  Napo- 
leone.  Parere  un  S.  — ,  to  affect  saint- 
liness. 

Luigiana ;  Louisiana. 

*Lulla  /  (L.  lunula);  cant,  the  half-moon- 
shaped  segment  forming  a  side  piece  in  the  head 
of  a  cask. 

Lulliano ;  of  R.  Lullo. 

Lumaca/  (L.  Umax,  cp.  limus,  mud, 
E.  slime,  akin  to  Saliva,  y.v.);  i.  slug. 
2.  fig.  watch  that  goes  badly,  nsu. 
Chiocciolone.  3.  spiral  curve,  helix. 
4.  worm  of  a  screw.  5.  winding  stair- 
case, usu.  Scala  a  — ,  or  Scala  a  chioc- 
ciola. 

Lumacaglia  / ;  =  Acquerugiola, 
drizzle. 

Lumacato;  i.  =Allumacato,  shiny. 
2.  spiral-shaped. 

*Lumacciay.  ;  =  Lurnaca,  Mi;til. 

Lumachella/. ;  stone  or  marble  full 
of  shells. 

Lumachfn-a/,  -0  in. ;  dim.  Lumaca. 

Lumacdne  m. ;  i.  angm.  Lumaca. 
2.  fig.  insinuating  rogue.  3.  tiresome 
person,  bore. 

Lumacdso  ;  shiny. 

Lumacuccia/;  dim.  Lumaca. 

Lumaio  m. ;  lamplighter. 

*  Lumare  ;=  Illuminare. 
Lumbo  HI. ;=Lombo,  loin. 

Lum-e  nt.  (L.  lumen,  for  liicmen,  root  luc,  to 
shine);  i.  light.  2.  in //.,  enlightenment.  3.  Dar 
ne'  -i,  to  fly  into  a  rage. 

Lumeggi-are  ind.  lumeggio ;  to  light  up.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atura. 

L-umella  f. ;  aperture  for  air  ill  a  glass  furnace. 

Lumencristi  m.  inded. ;  devotional 
candle. 

Lumett-ino  or  -o  m. ;  dim.  vezz. 
Lume. 

Lumia,  Loma,  Lomia  or  Limia/. 
(Persian  limit,  a  lemon) ;  lime,  the  fruit 
of  Citrus  liinetta,  sweet  lime. 

Lumicino  m. ;  dim.  Lume.  Essere 
al  — ,  to  be  in  a  very  bad  way,  at  the 
last  gasp. 

Lumifera/. ;  i.  chandelier,  bracket. 
2.  (/#<2?-.)  =  Mastra,  mast-partner. 

*  i.  torch,    ii.  splendour,    iii.  touch-hole  of  a  gun. 
iv.  alum  works. 

'Luminaio  ;«. ;  rough  wooden  candlestick. 


fire. 


Luminara /  ;  public  illumination. 
Luminare  m. ;  luminary.     *  beacon 


Lumtnellay?;    i.  (hot.)  eyebright,  Eufikrasia 
I'jficinalis.     2.  a  species  of  Euphorbia.     t  =  Pupi!la. 

Luminello  ;«.;  i.  socket  of  a  candle- 
stick.  2.  float  for  a  night-light.    3.  touch- 


LUMINIERA— LUSARIOLA 


343 


hole  of  a  match-lock  or  percussion-cap 
gun. 

-  Luminiera  ;  =  Lumiera. 
*Luminiere  m. ;  base  of  a  candlestick. 

Lumino  in.',  dim.  Lume. 
Luminbs-o;  as  E.     AJf.  -amente,  -ita. 

Lumuccio  »/. ;  dim.  pegg.  Lume. 

Lun-ayC  (L.,  <** loucsna,  giver  of 
light,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lunar) ;  I.  moon ; 
Fa  la  — ,  it  is  new  moon.  2.  temper, 
humour,  whim  ;  Aver  le  -e,  or  la  —  a 
rovescio,  v.  Lunatico ;  Che  — !  what  a 
whimsical  idea.  3.  in  fortification,  half 
moon.  4.  Crescent,  Mahometanism. 
5.  half-moon-shaped  knife.  6.  A  punti 
dl  — ,  at  long  intervals,  very  rarely;  E 
la  —  di  Bologna,  he  is  a  rare  visitor. 
7.  Piu  tondo  della  — ,  utter  fool.  8.  Nato, 
Piantato,  or  Tagliato  a  bona  — ,  i.e. 
under  a  lucky  star ;  Cogliere  uno  sul  far 
della  — ,  to  find  him  in  a  good  temper. 
9.  Nato  a  —  scema,  born  under  a 
waning  moon,  i.e.  half-witted.  10.  Lumi 
di  — ,  critical  times,  times  of  difficulty. 
II.  Erba  — ,  =  Lunaria.  12.  Latte  di 
— ,  polishing  powder.  13.  Mostrar  la 

-  a    mezzodl,    to    bring    misfortune. 
14.  Fare  a  monna  — ,  a  child's  game ; 
Piu  su  sta  monna  — ,  i.e.  you  have  not 
guessed  right,  or  we  have  not  come  to 
the   end  yet.     15.    in  alchemy,  silver; 

-  cornea,    fused    chloride    of  silver. 
16.  (vet.)  an  inflammation  of  the  eyes 
in  horses.     17.    Pesce  — ,   moon   fish, 
Orthagoriscus  mo/a. 

Lunare;  i.  lunar.  2.  =  Lunatico, 
capricious.  3.  Pietra  — ,  a  variety  of 
felspar.  4.  as  s&.,  month,  D.  Purg. 
22.  36.  5.  as  vb.,  to  give  a  half-moon 
shape  to. 

Lunariay^;  (bot.)  honesty,  Litnaria  bifnnis. 

Lunari-O  m. ;  almanac.  Perdere  il 
— ,  to  be  crazy.  AJf.  -e^to,  -no  dims. 

Lunarista  m. ;  almanac-maker, 
weather-prophet. 

Lunariuccio  m. ;  dim.  sfreg.  Lunario. 

Lunata  f. ;  I.  bay  washed  out  in  a 
river  bank  by  the  action  of  the  current. 
2.  (mar.)  roach,  hollow  of  the  bottom  of 
a  square  sail.  3.  —  delle  vele  auriche, 
ecc.,  round  of  the  fore  and  aft  sails,  etc. 

Lunatico;  I.  capricious,  whimsical, 
liable  to  violent  fits  of  temper.  2.  as 
s6.,  a  disease  in  horses'  eyes. 

*i.  subject  to  epileptic  fits.  ii.  well  acquainted 
with  the  moon.  iii.  temporal,  as  opposed  to  eternal. 

Lunato ;  crescent-shaped. 

Lunazione/;;  lunar  month. 

Lunedl  /«.  (L.  lunae  dies);  Monday. 

Lunediare ;  to  do  no  work  on 
Monday. 

*LuneIla./;  pupil  of  the  eye. 

Lun£tta  f. ;  lunette,  semicircular 
window,  and  many  other  objects  of 
similar  shape,  such  as  the  part  of  a 
monstrance  which  receives  the  Host, 
the  mound  of  earth  for  retaining  water 
round  the  foot  of  a  tree,  semilunar 
earthwork  of  a  fort,  etc.,  etc. 

Lunga  /;    i.  lunging  rein  for  exer- 


cising a  horse.     2.   jess  for  the  feet  of 
a  hawk.     3.   v.  Lungo. 

Lungaccio ;  helplessly  slow. 
Lungaggine  / ;  tedious  business. 

Lungagn-aia,  -ata  /  ;  tedious  dis- 
course, drawling  pronunciation. 

Lungagnol-a  jf. ;     i.    long    net    for 
catching  land  animals.     2.  Jig.  crafty 
device;    Dare  -e,  =  Tenere  a   bada,  v. 
Bada.     3.  =  Lungagnata. 
*Lungaieray^;  long  colloquy. 

Lungamente;  at  great  length. 

*  Lungare ;  — Allungare. 

Lungarlna/;  i.q.  Longarina,  girder. 

Lungarnata  / ;  walk  along  the 
Lungarno. 

Lungarno  m. ;  street  along  the  bank 
of  the  Arno. 

Lunge;  far  away.  *Riuscire  — ,  to 
fail. 

Lungheria/ ;  =  Lungaggine,  delays. 

*  Lunghesso  ;  =  Lungo.  along. 
Lunghetto;  dim.  Lungo. 

Lunghe'zza  / ;  length. 

*LunghierayC;  tedious  discourse,  delays. 
*Lunghini  iit.pl.;  long-shaped  bits  of  paste. 

Lungi;  i.q.  Lunge. 

Lung-o  (L.  longus,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
and  A.S.  lang,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Long) ; 
i.  long.  2.  diluted  with  water,  v..  Al- 
lungare; Sonare  la  -a,  scherz.  to  dilute. 
3.  Alia  -a,  in  the  long  run;  Palio  alia 
-a,  oval-shaped  arena;  Per  — ,  or  Per 
lo  — ,  measured  along  the  greatest 
length  (of  any  object) ;  Mandare  in  -a, 
to  proceed  very  slowly  with  a  business  ; 
Saperla  -a,  not  to  be  taken  in  easily ; 
Tirar  di  — •,  to  go  on  one's  way  without 
stopping.  4.  (mus.)  a  note  held  for  four 
beats. 

As  prep. :  5.  along.  As  adv. :  6.  at 
great  length. 

*LungurayC;  i.  length,  duration,    ii.  longitude. 
tLuni  ;=  Lunedl,  Monday. 
•Lunigiana/;  =  Lunediana,  v.  Lunediare. 

Lun6nayl;  attgm.  Luna. 

LunulayC;  (rtrr^.)=Lunetta. 

LubgO,  pop.  Logo  m.,  with  *//.  / 
Logora  (L.  locus) ;  place,  room.  Non 
trovar  — ,  to  find  no  resting-place,  to 
be  restless.  A  —  a  — ,  now  here,  now 
there.  In  — ,  instead.  Aver  — ,  to 
take  place,  happen.  Non  aver  — , 
(a)  not  to  take  place,  (b)  not  to  be 
appropriate. 

Luogo-  or  Logo-tenente  m.  •  lieu- 
tenant. Aff.  -tenenza. 

tLuoia/.;  =  Loiola,  spark. 

Lupa/;  i.  she-wolf.  2.  fig.  great 
hunger.  3.  Erba  — ,  (hot.)  broom-rape, 
v.  Erba  (72). 

*  i.  prostitute,     ii.  dry  rot.     iii.  =  Lupia. 

Lupacchi6tto  m. ;  wolf-cub. 
Lupaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Lupo. 

Lupaia/;  i.  wolf's  den.  2.  puff- 
ball  fungus,  v.  Loffa. 

•Lupaio  in. ;  wolf  hunter  or  trapper. 

Lupanare  m.  (L.);  brothel. 

Luparia  /.',  (bot.)  i.  wolf's  bane,  Aconitnm 
lycoftonuin.  2.  —  gialla,  globe  flower,  Trolliits 
F.uropfiens. 


Lup-astro  pfgg.,  -attcllo  or  -atto  dim.,  of 
Lupo. 

LupercAliy; //. ;  the  festival  of  Lupercus(Pan). 

Lupero  in. ;  a  genus  of  beetles. 

Lupesco ;  wolfish. 
t  Lup^ssa  f. ;  =  Molva,  ling  (fish). 
*Lupetta  yl;  =  Chiurlo  piccolo,  whimbrel. 

L-upetto  in.',  wolf-cub. 

Lupia  yl;  (med.)  cystic  tumour. 
*  Lupica  y!;  =  Upupa,  hoopoe. 

Lupicante  in. ;  a  kind  of  large  crab. 

L-upicino  in. ;  wolf-cub. 

Lupicidne  m. ;  sucking  wolf-cub. 

Lupigno ;  wolfish. 

Lupinaccio  HI.  ',  pegg.  Lupino. 

Lupinaia  /;  (bat.)  a.  species  of  Arenaria. 

Lupinaiow. ;  i.  lupin  seller.  2.  field 
of  lupins.  3.  as  adj.,  spiritless. 

Lupinamente  ;  wolfishly. 
Lupinarayl;  /.</.  Lupinaia. 
Lupinarem.;  field  of  lupins. 
Lupinellayr;  =  Lupinello  (i). 
L-upinellaio  m.;  field  of  sainfoin. 

Lupinello  m.\  i.  (hot.)  (a)  sainfoin, 
Onobrychis  saliva,  also  termed  Lupin- 
ella,  Fieno  sano,  Fieno  maremmano, 
Cedrangola ;  (b)  French  honeysuckle 
or  Spanish  sainfoin,  v.  Erba  (151);  (c)  — 
sensitive,  the  self-sowing  plant,  ffedy- 
sarum  gyrans.  2.  =  Lupino,  corn  on 
the  toes.  3.  a  disease  in  the  eyes  of 
cattle. 

Lupinelldne  m. ;  (bot.)  a  species  of  wild  Hedy- 
stirnin, 

Lupinellule  m.\  field  of  lupins  left  too  long. 
L-upinina  f.\  bitter  extract  of  lupins. 

Lupin-o  (A)  m.  (L.  lufiinum,  akin 
to  Gr.  XOTTOS,  husk,  XeVw,  to  peel,  with 
change  of  vowel  under  attraction  by 
lupus) ;  i.  lupin,  Lupinus  albus.  2.  as 
a  type  of  worthlessness  like  E.  rush. 
3.  corn  upon  the  toes.  4.  Mai  del  — , 
ophthalmia  in  fowls. 

(B)  as  adj.  (L.  lupinus);  i.  wolfish. 
2.  Fieno  — ,  a  sort  of  spontaneous  hay 
which  comes  in  some  years  and  not  in 
others.  3.  Erba  -a,  a  species  of  tri- 
folium.  4.  (vet.)  Mantello  — ,  wolf- 
coloured  coat  in  a  horse. 

*Lupinulo  m. ;  =  Lupinaio. 

Lupo  m.  (L.);  i.  wolf;  Prov. 
Cent'  oche  ammazzan  un  — ,  a  hundred 
geese  will  kill  one  wolf,  i.e.  the  outcry 
of  many  humble  folk  will  make  a  tyrant 
pause ;  Pagare  a  urli  di  — ,  to  pay  when 
the  wolf  howls,  i.e.very  seldom ;  A  bocca 
di  — ,  of  shoes,  gaping.  2.  —  di  mare, 
(a)  sea-pike,  Anarrichas  lupus,  (b~]  fig. 
old  sea-dog.  3.  (mar.)  Bocca  di  — ,  v. 
Boccadilupo,  parbuckle. 

*i.  Come  il  — ,  =  A  occhio  e  croce,  without  much 
care.  ii.  (mil.)  an  apparatus  for  grappling  a  battering- 
ram,  iii.  a  kind  of  mattock,  iv.  —  dei  metalh, 
antimony,  so  called  from  its  property  of  making 
other  metals  brittle  if  fused  with  them  even  in  small 
proportions,  v.  (bot.)  a  variety  of  spelt,  vi.  Fava 
di  — ,=Erba  nocca,  a  species  of  hellebore;  Cavolo 
di  — ,  fetid  hellebore,  vii.  —  cerviero,  lynx ;  — 
dorato,  jackal ;  —  marino,  sea-elephant,  Cystophora 
proboscidea. 

L-uppta ;  •;'.  Lupia. 

Luppoliera./;  hop-garden. 

Luppoltna/. ;  the  bitter  principle  of  hops. 

Luppolo  m. ;  (bot.)  hop  plant,  Hu- 
mulus  lupulus. 

Liirco  (L.) ;  gluttonous. 

Lurid-O  (L.  luridus,  sallow,  akin  to 
Gr.  xXupor,  greenish,  root  ghel,  v. 
Giallo);  filthy.  Aff.  -e"zza. 

*Lusardo  /«. ;=I.ucerto!a,  lizard. 
fL-usariola  f. ;    phosphorescent  animalcule,  v. 
Luccioletta  (2). 


344 


LUSCHERO— MACCHERONEA 


*  Luschero;=  Brillo,  half  drunk. 
'Luscignolo  in.,  *LusciniayC;  nightingale. 

Lusco;  v.  Losco.  Fra  il  —  e  il 
brusco,  twilight. 

Lusiadi  m.  pi.',  Camoens*  poem  on  Vasco  di 
Gaina. 

'LfUsignuolo  ;«.;  =  Usignolo,  nightingale, 
t  Lusin  m. ;  =  Lezzino,  house-line. 

Lusing-a  /;  flattery.  *i.  praise, 
ii.  fig.  pleasant  taste. 

Ajf.  -amento,  -are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -heria,  -hiero. 

Etym.  Provens,  lauzenga,  <  lauzar,  <  L.  tan- 
dare,  v.  supra,  (i)  and  (ii),  and  cp.  Losanga.  Cognate 
are  old  Fr.  losenge.  Span,  lisonja.  The  suffix  -enga 
represents  L.  -emia,  as  in  Fr.  vid-ange,  emptying, 
vendange,  =  vindemia,  grape-harvest. 
*Lusioney!;  i.  illusion,  ii.  insult. 

Lusbria  /. ;  (mar.)  pleasure-yacht. 

Luss-are  (L.  luxare,  akin  to  luctari, 
to  wrestle,  root  lug,  to  twist,  v.  Lotta) ; 
(surg.)  to  dislocate.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

tLussi  m.  ;  =  Ammodite,  sand-eel. 
LuSSO  m. ;  luxury. 

Etym.  L.  IHXUS,  luxury,  prob.  akin  lojt>Uu- 
cere,  to  serve  up,  to  entertain ;  perhaps  an  offshoot 
<  root  lejtk,  to  shine,  v.  Walde,  sub  Polhtceo,  and 
cp.  infra,  Lustro. 

Lussureggiare  ind.  lussure'ggio ; 
i.  to  grow  luxuriantly.  2.  to  live 
luxuriously. 

Lussuri-a/  ;  sensuality.  Aff.  -osa- 
mdnte,  -oso. 

Lustra  /  (A)  (It.  lustrare);  pre- 
tence. 

*(B)  (L.  lustra,  n.  ft.,  marshes,  <lnti,  to  wash, 
hence,  by  metonymy,  haunts  of  wild  beasts);  den. 


Lustraiuolo  ;;/. ;  in  card  making,  polisher. 
Lustrale ;  v.  Lustro. 

Lustr-are  (L.);  j.  to  shine.  2.  to 
polish.  3.  to  flatter. 

Aff.  -ascarpe  or  -astivali  boot-black, 
-ata  hasty  polishing,  -atfna  (dim,  -ta), 
-at6re,  -at6ra,  -atura. 

Lustrazi6ne  / ;  sin-offering. 

*  Lustre ;  v.  Lustro. 

*  Lustreggiare  ;  to  glitter. 

Lustrente  ;  shiny. 

*  Lustrico;  Giorno  — ,  day  for  naming  a  child. 
tLustrinai61o  m. ;  sand  holder,  v.  tLustrino. 

Lustrino  m. ;  i.  "glace"  silk.  2.  any 
kind  of  sparkle  for  embroidery  or  other 
decoration.  3.  in//.,  a  disease  of  silk- 
worms causing  them  to  swell  up  and 
become  shiny,  or  the  silkworms  them- 
selves with  this  disease.  4.  (shoem.)  = 
Lisciapiante.  5.  shoe-black.  6.  (tnin.) 
mica. 

*i.     affected   writer,   or   affectation    in    writing, 
t  ii.  =  Polverino. 

Lustro  tn.  (A)  (L.  lustrare,  to  il- 
luminate, <  ** lues/rare,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Lucid);  i.  lustre;  Pavimento  a  — , 
polished  floor.  2.  material  for  polish- 
ing, blacking,  etc.  3.  as  ndj.,  syncop. 
for  Lustrato,  polished,  shiny. 

(B)  (L.  litstmm,  lit.  sin-offering 
which  the  Roman  censors  made  every 
five  years,  root  /»,  to  wash,  cp.  L.  iuere, 
Gr.  Aoi'ri),  to  wash) ;  period  of  five  years. 

*  i.  =  Lustra,  den.     ii.  sparkling  point,  in  inarhle, 
ice,  etc.     iii.  census,     tiv.  crack  in  a  building. 


t  Lusui  ;=  I.ui,  him. 

•Luta  f.  (O. H.G.  lioht,  cp.  Germ.  Licht); 
spark. 

Lutare ;  to  coat  with  luting.  +to 
sparkle. 

t  Lutarina  f. ;  dint.  Luta. 

Luteo  (L.,  <  lutum,  dyers'  weed) ; 
yellow. 

L-uteolayl;  dyers'  weed,  Reseda  luteola. 

Luteran-o  ;  Lutheran.    Aff.  -esimo  or  -ismo. 
t  Lut  i  cars  i ;  =  Moversi. 

•Lutifigolo  m.  (L.  lutum,  figvlus,  potter); 
potter. 

Luto,  L6to  m. ;  luting  composition. 

Etym.  L.  Intitm,  mud;  referred  by  Skeat  to 
hurt,  as  that  which  is  washed  down  ;  Walde  prefers 
derivation  from  a  form  **slutvm,  possibly  akin  to 
saliva,  v.  Walde,  sitb  Lutum,  Saliva. 

*  Lutoso ;  muddy. 

tLutrinayl;  =  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  Pagello  (2). 
*Lutta_/;  i. -I.uta.     ii.  —  Lotta,  strife. 

Lutto  m.  (L.  Indus,  <  lugere,  to 
weep,  v.  Lugubre,  etym.} ;  i.  grief. 
2.  mourning,  dressing  in  black.  *penalty, 
D.  Purg.  3.  42. 

Luttu6s-o  ;  mournful,  doleful.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Lutulento  (L.,  v.  Luto);  dirty. 

tLuvaro  m. ;  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  Pagello_(2). 
Luvetto  m.;  (vet.)  phlegmon,  inflammation, 
esp.  on  a  cow's  udder. 

tLuzerna,  LUxerna/;  i.  =  Lucerna,  tub-fish, 
ii.  v.  Cerniola. 

*  Luziano ;  delightful. 

t  Luzzi ;  in  the  prov.  sclierz.  In  ciel  tu  —  (tu 
luccichi)  e  in  terra  tu  puzzi. 

Luzzo  111.  (L.  Indus') ;  sea-pike, 
Sphyraena. 


M 


M  /,  sometimes  m. ;  pronounced 
Emme.  Abbreviations :  A.M.,  anti- 
meridiane.  B.M.,  buona  memoria. 
D.O.M.,  Dioottimo  massimo.  LL.MM., 
le  loro  Maesta.  M.,  martire,  maschile, 
metro,  monte.  MM.,  martiri.  M.A., 
Marc'  Antonio,  Marc'  Aurelio.  M.C., 
moneta,  mese  corrente.  M.O.,  minore 
osservante.  M.P.,  motu  proprio.  M.Q., 
miglia  quadre,  metri  quadri.  M.R., 
minore  riformato.  MS.,  MSS.,  mano- 
scritt-o,  -i.  M.V.,  Maria  Vergine. 
P.M.,  pomeridiane,  pontefice  massimo. 
S.M.,  sua  Maestk.  S.M.S.,  societk  di 
mutuo  soccorso.  S.P.M.,  sue  proprie 
mani.  S.R.M.,  sue  riverite  mani. 
VV.MM.,  le  vostre  Maesta. 

Ma  (cogn.  Fr.  mats,  Proveng.  mas, 
mats,  mat,  ma,  Span,  mas,  <  L.  magis, 
•v.  infra,  Mai);  I.  but.  2.  as  an  inde- 
cisive answer,  Che  idee  abbia  costui  ? 
Ma!,  what  do  you  suppose  the  fellow 
has  in  his  mind  ?  Heaven  knows  ! 

Ma'  (A);  for  Mai.  Se  ma'  mai  lo 
vedi,  if  ever  you  see  him.  *Ma'  che, 
except,  D.  Par.  22.  17. 

(B)  for  Mali.  Prov.  Adagio  a  ma' 
passi,  i.e.  do  not  act  hastily  in  difficult 


circumstances.     De'  suo'  ma'  pensieri, 
of  his  evil  designs. 

Macabr-o.  Danza  -a,  dance  of  Death, 
an  allegorical  representation  of  skeletons 
dancing  under  the  direction  of  Death  ; 
in  medieval  Latin  Machabaeorum  cho- 
rea, probably  because  the  seven  brothers 
whose  martyrdom  is  recorded  in  the 
second  Book  of  Maccabees  played  an 
important  part  in  the  earliest  form  of 
the  fourteenth  century  drama  on  the 
subject. 

tMacaccia/I;  =  Stiacciata,  thing  crushed  flat. 

Macacco  m.  (native  word  in  the  Congo,  intro- 
duced through  Portuguese) ;  bonnet  ape  or  other  ape 
of  genus  Macacus,  the  ape  baboons. 

Macaco  m.;  (<«<ir.)=Cavallino,  donkey-engine, 
tin//.  =  Rulli,  friction  rollers. 

Macadam  tn.  (from  the  engineer  of  that  name, 
who  invented  the  system,  about  1820);  as  E.  Aff. 
Macadamizzare. 

Macadne  m. ;  swallow-tail  butterfly,  Papilio 
machaon. 

Macca  f.  (v.  Macco,  B);  plenty. 
A  — ,  plentifully. 

•A — ,  i.  gratuitously,  ii.  without  assistance. 
•Maccagliay:  (bit.  *•  mactalia,<L.  titactare); 
slaughter. 

*  Maccalube./  pi.;  Sicilian  sauces. 

Maccao  m.;  a  certain  game  of  chance  at  cards. 
tMaccarello  m.  (corn,  old  Fr.  mafxerrl,>Fr. 
maquereait.  Germ.  Makrele,  <  mlt.  mtiqvcrellits,  v. 
Skeat.  ed.  1910,  sub  we.};  mackerel,  v.  Scombro. 
Maccardnico;  v.  Maccheronico. 


•  Maccatella  /.  (dim.  <  L.   mactata,   part,    of 
mactare);    i.  =  Ppfpetta,   meat   ball.     ii.   fig.  mess, 
mistake,  hash.     iii.    deception. 

*  Maccatelleria/:;=  Baratteria. 
•Maccheria/.;  calm  sea. 

Maccher6n-e m. ;  i.  in//.,  macaroni. 

2.  in  sing.,  blockhead  ;  II  babbo  dei  -i, 
a    Venetian     "mask,"    v.     Maschera. 

3.  Sfoglia  dei  -i,  paste  rolled  out  into 
a  sheet.     4.  Prov.  Innocente  come  la 
broda  dei  -i,  lit.  innocent  as  macaroni 
broth  (is  clear),  i.e.  malicious,  spiteful. 
5.  Cascare,  or  Piovere  il  cacio  sui  -i, 
a  rain  of  cheese  on  macaroni,  i.e.  some- 
thing welcome  which  has  arrived  un- 
expectedly.    6.  as  adj.,  Vino  — ,  muddy 
wine.     Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ata  dish   of 
macaroni,  -cfni  dim.  vezz. 

Etym.  dub.  Either  (i)<  late  Gr.  itaxapfa,  a 
kind  of  thick  barley  water,  akin  to  pavfftiv,  = 
**  magiein,  >  /iayeipoc,  cook,  fiayeus,  baker,  or 
(2)  akin  to  It.  macco,  f.v.  Cp.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Macaroni. 

Maccheron&a  /  (It.  maccherone, 
in  the  sense  of  something  good);  the 
title  of  a  burlesque  poem  by  Folengo 
of  Mantua  who  wrote  under  the  name 
of  Merlino  Coccaio  in  the  sixteenth 
century.  The  poem  is  a  sort  of  dog 
Latin  of  Italian  words  with  Latin 
endings. 


MACCHERONESCO— MACINARE 


345 


Maccher-on6sco  or  -onico  ;  i.  dog 
Latin.  2.  doggerel,  clumsy. 

Macch6tta/;  =  Sterpazzola,  white- 
throat. 

Macchi-a/  (L.  macula,  v.  Maglia); 

1.  mess,  stain;    Un  vestito  tutto  -e,  a 
dress  covered  with  messes.    2.  spot,  e.g. 
of  white  on  a  black  dog,  or  of  diffe- 
rent colour  in  any  self-coloured  thing. 
3.  {paint.}  a water-colourdrawing  which, 
though  it  may  be  carefully  finished,  is 
intended  to  be  looked  at  from  a  little 
distance.     4.  foliage  in  a  picture  (usu. 
Frappa).     5.    in  pi.,  graining   by  var- 
nishers  in  imitation  of  natural  graining. 
6.  in  //.,  accessories,  groups  of  men  or 
animals  in  a  landscape  painting.     7.  a 
mezza  — ,  (engraving)  where  the  shadows 
are  not  fully  rendered.    8.  copse,  thicket 
of  underwood  with  dense  undergrowth. 
9.  fig.  alia  — ,  secretly;  Libro  stampato 
alia  — ,  i.e.  with  no  name  of  printing- 
place  or  printer,  or  a  false  name,  the 
book  being  known  to  be  objectionable 
in    character    or    politics.     10.   Stare, 
Vivere  alia  — ,  to  be  a  highway  robber, 
ii.  Andare  alia  — ,  Ritornare  dalla  — , 
of  natives   of  the   mountains   who   go 
down  to   cut   brushwood   or   do   other 
work  in  the  winter  and  return  home  for 
the  summer.     12.  a  thick  hedge. 

Macchiaccia  /. ;    i.    horrid    mess. 

2.  fig.  terrible  flaw. 

Macchiaiublo  m.\  \.  secret  sinner, 
esp.  one  given  to  unnatural  vice. 
2.  painter  of  effect  studies,  v.  Macchia 
(3)-  3-  piratical  printer.  4.  as  adj., 
Porco  — ,  wild  pig,  esp.  in  the  marshes 
of  the  Maremma. 

Ma  chiatico  ni.  •  i.  right  of  cutting  under- 
wood. .  price  of  this  right. 

Ma  chierell-a  <//»/.,  -\n&sut>-dim.  of  Macchia. 

Ma  chieto  in.;  place  all  thorns  and  thickets. 

Ma  chictt-a  /.;  dim.  Macchia.  Aff.  -are, 
-ina. 

Macchina  /  (L.,  <  Gr.  /ujxav^,  de- 
vice, root  magh,  to  be  strong,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  p.  755;  akin  to  Germ,  mbgen, 
E.  might);  i.  machine,  engine;  —  di 
fisica,  di  chemica,  physical,  chemical 
apparatus  ;  —  da  stampa,  printing  press  ; 
Essere  in  — ,  to  be  in  the  press;  - 
semplice,  one  of  the  "  simple  machines" 
(lever,  wheel  and  axle,  screw,  inclined 
plane,  pulley,  and  wedge) ;  —  umana, 
the  bodily  frame,  esp.  the  abdominal 
organs;  —  is  also  used  to  denote  a  big 
heavy  man,  or  a  big  building.  2.  fig. 
plot,  machination.  3.  plot  or  machinery 
of  a  book  or  drama.  4.  in  poetry, 
the  intervention  of  supernatural  power. 
5.  (paint.)  picture  with  a  very  complex 
subject. 

Aft.  Macchin-accia  pegg.,  -ale  me- 
chanical, -alme'nte,  -ame"nto  i.q.  -azione, 
-are  to  contrive,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione 
machination,  intrigue,  -etta  -ina  dims., 
-ismo  mechanism,  machinery,  -ista 
machinist,  engine-driver,  fig.  composer 
of  a  poem  or  fable,  -6na  augtn.,  -one 
augm.  but  stronger  than  -ona,  a  very 
large  building  or  engine,  -osamdnte, 
-6v>  full  of  machinery,  complex  (plot  of 
a  book),  -uccia  spreg. 

H. 


Macchiolfna/  ;  dim.  Macchia,  little 
mess. 

MaccM6n-a  /,  -e  m. ;  augm.  Mac- 
chia, very  thorny  place.  Star  sodo,  or 
saldo,  al  — ,  to  be  immovably  deter- 
mined. 

Macchiuccia  / ;  dim.  Macchia  (i), 
trifling  mess. 

Macco  m.  (A) ;  mash  of  boiled  beans. 

*i.  polenta,  ii.  mashed  chestnuts  and  milk, 
iii.  thickened  ink.  iv,  slush  of  snow.  v.  Jiff,  great 
slaughter,  vi.  Dar  del  —  a  uomini  grossi,  to  explain 
things  broadly  to  the  dull  of  understanding,  vii.  Prov. 
Pub  andare  a  pigliare  il  —  alle  dodici,  said  of  an 
unattractive  woman  who  can  go  about  without  risk 
of  being  spoken  to. 

Etytn.  L.  maccus,  fool,  the  clown  of  the 
Atellane  plays,  v .  Pulcinella ;  Watde  regards  this 
word  as  borrowed  from  Greek,  but  Korting  rejects 
this  view  and  holds  that  tnaccws  properly  meant  a 
mash,  <  root  mat,  to  soften,  v.  Macerare.  The 
Ital.  Macco  is  strong  evidence  for  this  theory,  the 
transition  of  meaning  from  pudding  to  pudding- 
headed  fool  being  one  which  would  readily  occur. 
Cp.  infra,  Maciulla,  etym. 

(B);  =  Macca,  plenty,  abundance. 

Etytn.  Perhaps  the  same  word  as  Macco  (A), 
but  the  transition  of  meaning  (that  which  is  squashed 
down  =  that  which  is  supplied  plentifully)  is  not  very 
likely  and  a  Germanic  origin  is  more  probable,  viz. 
<  some  derivative  of  the  root  inagk,  to  be  strong,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  May  (i);  there  is  however  no  clear  link  ; 
the  link  suggested  by  Pianigiani  is  O.  H.G.  jttanac 
(>  Germ.  wawrA),  many,  >  bit.  **manca,  >  Ital. 
Macca  (like  Cocca,  boat,<L.  concJia). 

Mace  f.  or  Macis  tn.  (L.  macirt~Gr.  ^taKcp, 
of  Oriental  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)',  mace,  the 
pounded  inner  capsule  of  the  nutmeg. 

Macedone;  i.  Macedonian.  2.  Jig.  irresistible 
(plea). 

Maceddnico  ;  Prezzemolo — ,(bot.)  Macedonian 
parsley,  Libanotis  Macedonka. 

Macell-abile ;  fit  for  the  butcher, 
-aio  m. ;  i.q.  -aro.  -ara  f. ;  butcher's 
wife,  -are ;  to  slaughter.  -at6re  m. ; 
slaughterer.  -azi6ne^ ;  slaughtering  or 
fee  therefor,  -erfa/l ;  butcher's  shop. 

Macello  m.  (L.  macellum,  market- 
place, both  for  meat,  fish,  and  vegetables, 
considered  by  Walde  to  be  borrowed 
from  a  Semitic  source,  such  as  Hebrew 
niakhela,  enclosure);  I.  slaughter-yard; 
Bestie  da  — ,  beasts  ready  for  slaughter. 
2.  fig.,  emphasizing  the  fig.  sense  of 
Bestia,  Digli  a  queste  bestie  da  — ,  che 
anche  questa  volta  1'  hanno  sbagliata, 
tell  those  idiots  that  they  have  done  it 
wrong  again.  3.  Prov.  Al  —  vanno 
piu  capretti  giovani  che  vecchi,  i.e. 
death  is  most  common  amongst  the 
young.  4.  in  semi-metaphorical  sense, 
slaughter;  Se  ci  sara  una  guerra  coi 
mezzi  che  ci  sono  di  distruzione  vorra 
essere  un  gran  — ,  if  there  comes  a  war 
with  the  pre.sent  means  of  destruction 
there  will  be  great  slaughter ;  Andare, 
Mandare  al  — ,  to  go,  or  send,  to  certain 
death. 

*Macera./;  i.  =  Maceria.     ii.  -  Macerazione. 

Macer-are  ind.  macero  (L.,  root  mac, 
to  soften,  -u.  Madia);  i.  to  macerate, 
steep  (flax,  etc.).  2.  Lasciar  —  la  terra 
al  sole,  al  diaccio,  to  let  the  ground  be 
broken  up  by  exposure  to  sun  or  frost; 
-  la  carne  nelF  aceto,  to  soften  meat 
in  vinegar.  3.  Gli  macerarono  le  spalle 
a  suon  di  bastonate,  they  pounded  his 
back  with  resounding  blows.  4.  fig. 
to  call  (a  person)  bad  names,  usu.  La- 
cerare.  5.  fig.  La  prigione  rosi  htnga 


lo  macero,  or  macero  le  sue  carne, 
his  long  imprisonment  exhausted  his 
powers.  6.  -arsi,  to  mortify  the  flesh 
by  fasting.  7.  fig.  Quella  povera  donna 
e  -a  della  gelosia,  that  poor  woman 
is  eaten  up  by  jealousy.  Prov.  L'  in- 
vidia  se  stessa  -a,  envy  is  a  thing  that 
eats  itself  up.  Aff.  -abile. 

Macerat6io  tn. :  steeping  tank  for  retting  flax. 
Macerazidne./;  i.  steeping.    2.  mortification 
by  fasting. 

Macer^to  ;«.  (akin  to  Macerare); 
heap  of  stones. 

Maceri-a  /    (akin    to    Macerare); 

1.  dry    wall,    built     without     mortar. 

2.  ruin;  in//.,  ruins  of  an  old  building. 
Prov.   Perla  tra  le  -e,  pearl   amongst 
ruins,  i.e.  valuable  man  in  the  wrong 
place. 

Macer-o  m.;  i.  i.q.  -azione  or  -atoio. 
2.  tank  for  slaking  lime ;  Roba  da  but- 
tarsi  al  — ,  worn-out  things,  cards  or 
books  torn  to  pieces.  3.  as  adj.,  sync. 
for  -ato,  steeped,  or  fig.  exhausted,  worn 
out  ;  Senza  lasciarle  osso  addosso  che 
non  fosse  — ,  not  leaving  a  sound  bone 
in  her  body. 

Macerdne  m. ;  (pot.)  horse  celery,  or  Alex- 
anders, Smyrnium  olwsatrum. 

Machia  /.  ;  cunning.  Machiavelli 
was  termed  II  Machia  by  his  contem- 
poraries, which  may  have  originated 
the  word. 

Machiavcll-esco ;  Machiavellian.  Aj}.  -ico, 
-ismo,  -ista. 

Machidn-e  m.,  -&_/".',  augm.  Machia,  very 
crafty  person. 

Macja  /;  i.q.  Maceria. 
t  Macicano;=  Marchiano,  robust,  big. 

MacieyC;— Macilenza,  thinness. 

Macigno  m.  (bit.  **machineus,< 
L.  machina);  I.  a  hard  blue-grey  sand- 
stone. 2.  large  block  of  any  kind  of 
stone.  3.  as  adj.,  bluish,  blue-grey. 

Macil6n-te  or  -to  (L.,  v.  Macerare)  ; 
thin  from  illness.  Aff.  -za. 

Macin-a  or  -e/  (var.  of  Macchina) ; 
mill-stone.  -  da  colori,  mortar  for 
grinding  colours. 

Macin-are  ind.  macino  ;  i.  to  grind 
in  a  mill ;  Fosso  -ante,  trench  for  a 
mill ;  —  a  clue  palmenti,  to  eat  greedily, 
v.  Mangiare  (29),  or  to  make  two  profits 
at  once.  Provs.  Chi  primo  arriva  e 
quello  -a,  i.e.  first  come  first  served ; 
L'  acqua  passata  non  -a  piu,  water  that 
has  gone  by  does  no  more  grinding, 
i.e.  either  (a)  let  bygones  be  bygones, 
or  (b)  the  opportunity  is  lost.  2.  fig. 
to  punish ;  Se  lo  sa  lui  mi  -a,  if  he 
knows  he  will  punish  me.  3.  fig.  to  eat 
heartily.  4.  —  a  raccolta,  or  a  bottazza, 
•viz.  when  scarcity  of  water  necessitates 
waiting  for  the  mill-pond  to  fill.  5.  - 
a  tutto  ritrecine,  at  full  speed.  6.  fig. 
Questo  non  e  un  predicare  ma  un  —  a 
tutto  ritrecine,  this  is  not  preaching  but 
gabbling ;  L'  hanno  -ato  a  tutto  ritrecine 
a  quanto  si  dice,  they  seem  to  have 
beaten  him  unmercifully.  7.  quasi-fig. 
Ma  come  avete  -ato  questo  formaggio, 
how  you  have  broken  all  this  cheese 
into  little  bits.  8.  fig.  to  consume  or 
reduce  (an  inheritance).  9.  —  le  ulive, 

44 


346 


MACINE— MAESTRA 


or  Far  la  prima  -ata,  to  give  the  first 
crushing  to  olives  ;  this  operation  will 
be  followed  by  a  second  crushing  termed 
—  a  sansa  or  Far  la  seconda  -ata,  and 
if  there  is  a  third  it  will  be  —  a  sansino 
or  terza  -ata.  10.  to  grind  (colours, 
spices,  etc.)  with  a  pestle  and  mortar, 
n.  -arsi,  to  feel  extreme  regret;  A 
veder  quel  ragazzo  cosi  svogliato  ci  si 
-a,  it  makes  one  perfectly  wretched  to 
see  that  boy  so  idle. 

Aff.  -abile ;  -a  colori,  colour-grinder ; 
-ata,  i.  quantity  ground  at  one  time, 
2.  act  of  grinding,  v.  -are  ( 10) ;  -ato, 
meal,  flour ;  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Macine  f. ;  v.  Macina.  Canto  alia 
— ,  the  name  of  a  street  in  Florence. 

Macinello  m.  (dim.  Macina) ;  I.  small 
mill-stone.  2.  colour-grinding  tool.  3. — 
da  caffe,  coffee-mill. 

Macin-^tta  or  -ina  / ;  dim.  of  -a. 

Macinfno  in. ;  —  da  caffe,  da  pepe, 
coffee-mill,  pepper-mill. 

Macinio  m.\  I.  continual  grinding. 
-•fig-  —  di  quattrini,  continual  spending. 

Macin6n-e  m.,  -a/;  I.  augtn.  Ma- 
cina. 2.  spendthrift. 

*  Macis  ;«.;=Mace,  mace. 

Maciull-ay:;  =  Gramola,  flax-breaker.  Aff.-xx. 

Etyni.  Prob.  a  dim.  of  bit.  **  macca,  v.  supra, 
Macco  (A)j  cp.  Span,  mackar  or  tiiagullar,  to  pound, 
maca,  bruise ;  the  unusual  termination  of  Maciulla 
may  be  due  to  Span,  magullar.  An  alternative 
derivation  is  <  ** mtuilla,  dim.  of  It.  macina,  in 
support  of  which  is  quoted  the  Neapolitan  form 
Macenola,  flax-breaker,  which  would  seem  to  have 
this  origin. 

Macla/;  an  arrangement  of  particles  inside  a 
hollow  piece  of  spar  resulting  from  the  crystallisation 
having  occurred  amongst  light  powdery  material. 

Maclura  f. ;  (bot.)  a  genus  of  plants  of  the 
mulberry  tribe,  one  of  which,  the  M.  anrantiaca, 
introduced  from  the  Mississippi,  has  been  used  to 
supplement  the  mulberry  as  food  for  silkworms ; 
another,  the  M.  tinctoria,  native  of  Spain,  is  a 
forest  tree  and  yields  a  yellow  dye. 

Macolare  ind.  macolo  (akin  to 
Macco,  A) ;  to  bruise. 

Macol-O  (sync.  part,  of -are) ;  bruised. 
*  =  Macula. 

Macom^tto ;  =  Maometto,  Mahomet. 

Macone  ;  =  Macometto.     third's  crop. 

Macro;  poet,  for  Magro. 

Macr6sa/;  =  Orchetto  marino,  scoter  duck. 

*  Mactaglia  f.  ;=  Maccaglia,  slaughter. 
MacubayC  (from  the  name  of  a  place  in  Mar- 
tinique); i.  a  kind  of  snuff.     2.  a  species  of  beetle. 

Macubino  m. ;  snuff  (coarser  than  Macuba). 

Macula  /  (L.,  v.  Maglia) ;  spot, 
blemish. 

Macul-are  hid.  maculo;  (A)=Maco- 
lare,  to  bruise.  (B)  i.  =  Macchiare,  to 
stain.  2.  part,  -ato,  spotted ;  Che  di 
pel  -ato  era  coperta,  with  dappled  hide, 
D.  Inf.  i.  33. 

MadAma/.,  MadamigellayC  (L.  mtadoniitta, 
through  Fr.  madame)  \  madam,  miss.  The  word  is 
chiefly  used  in  Upper  Italy,  the  Tuscan  being 
Signora,  Signorina. 

Madamina/;  dim.  Madama,  esp.  said  of  a 
tailoress  or  milliner. 

Madar6si  f.\  (vet.)  dropping  of  the  eyelids. 

Maddale'na;  i.  Maria  — ,  Mary 
Magdalen.  2.  Far  da  Marta  e  — ,  i.e. 
to  attend  to  two  things  at  once.  3.  (hist.) 
a  bell  on  the  tower  of  the  Bargello  at 
Florence  which  was  tolled  at  an  execu- 
tion ;  Ti  dia  la  — ,  may  he  give  you  the 
Magdalen  bell,  i.e.  may  you  be  hanged! 


Maddaleone  (Magdaleone)  m.  (Gr. 
/iaySuAid,  <  pdatfia,  to  knead) ;  roll  of 
sticking-plaster,  or  the  medicated  paste 
for  making  it. 

t  Madend ;  an  emphasized  No  ! 

fMadesl  (Madessine);  an  emphasized  Yes! 

Madiay;  (cogn.  Sicilian  dial,  maidda, 
Jura  dial,  maid,  Walloon  mat,  Norman 
met,  Provenc.  mags,  <  L.  magida,  =  Gr. 
fiayis,  kneading-trough,  root  mag,  to 
soften,  cp.  Gr.  pairaat,  to  knead,  fiayfvs, 
cook,  p.a(a,  for  **magsa,  cake ;  see  also 
infra,  Mattera);  i.  bin,  of  which  the 
upper  part  opens  like  a  desk  and  serves 
as  a  kneading-trough,  whilst  the  lower 
and  larger  part  consists  of  a  cupboard 
with  shelves  ;  Ci  hanno  il  gatto  nella  — , 
they  have  got  the  cat  in  the  cupboard, 
i.e.  they  are  poor;  Alia  — ,  a  retort 
made  to  a  boaster,  signifying  that  we 
think  him  good  only  at  eating;  Tener 
alta  la  — ,  to  keep  the  cupboard  high, 
i.e.  to  be  parsimonious ;  Aver  la  - 
bassa,  i.e.  to  have  plenty  to  eat,  so  that 
a  little  waste  may  be  tolerated.  2.  A 
receptacle  without  a  cover  kept  in  a 
dairy  shed,  where  certain  kinds  of  cheese 
are  manipulated.  3.  goldsmith's  bench. 
4.  spoon-shell,  Mactra  lactea. 

Madiata/  ;  I.  contents  of  a  knead- 
ing-trough. 2.  (mar.)  baulk  of  floating 
timbers. 

Madido  (L.,  root  mad,  to  drip,  cp. 
Gr.  pafos,  breast);  moist. 

*  Madie  or  *  Madio  ;  =  Madesi. 

Madiella/;  i.  dim.  Madia.  2.  a 
sort  of  shop  or  stall  in  the  thickness  of 
a  wall  or  under  an  archway,  or  on  the 
Fonte  Vecchio  at  Florence.  3.  tub  for 
kneading  clay.  4.  the  cupboard  part 
of  the  Madia. 

Madicre  m.  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps  akin  to  Madia 
or  to  Fr.  madricr,  plank,  which  is  also  of  doubtful 
origin,  possibly  <  L.  tuattria);  (war.)  floor-timber 
in  a  ship,  the  central  piece  of  each  rib. 

Madibna  f.;  augtn.  Madia. 

*  Madione  m.\  stall-holder,  v.  Madiella  (2). 

Maddnna  /  (L.  mea  domimi) ; 
i.  Madam  ;  —  tenerina,  fam.  woman 
who  makes  a  great  fuss  about  the 
smallest  discomfort ;  Essere  donna  e 
— ,  to  be  uncontrolled  mistress.  2.  the 
Virgin.  3.  scherz.  in  Florence,  a  stone 
placed  upright  in  building  a  wall. 
4.  (dot.)  Lagrime  della — ,  =  Bucaneve, 
snowdrop. 

Madonne'tta  f. ;  dim.  Madonna. 

Madonnfna  f. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Ma- 
donna, a  small  picture  of  the  Madonna, 
or  a  small  shrine  or  chapel  to  the 
Madonna.  2.  -  -  infilzata,  a  girl  or 
woman  seemingly  modest  and  retiring 
but  really  knowing  and  crafty. 

Madonmno    m.    (dim.    Madonna) ; 

1.  a  girl  with  a  face  like  the  Madonna. 

2.  (hist.)  a  small  silver  coin  about  equal 
to  a  threepenny  bit. 

Madonnone  in. ;  augm.  Madonna, 
a  large  picture  or  shrine  of  the  Ma- 
donna. 

Madonnuccia  /  ;  dim.  spreg.  Ma- 
donna, a  small  poorly  painted  Madonna. 


Mad6re  m.  (It.  madido)  ;  slight 
dampness. 

Madornal-e(L.OT<z/r0»0//.r);  i.  Kami 
-i,  the  main  branches  of  a  tree.  2.  big. 
3.  fig.  Errori  -i, gross  mistakes.  4.  Car- 
ciofi  -i,  the  first  heads  thrown  out  by 
an  artichoke,  which  have  no  prickles. 
*  =  Materno,  maternal. 

Madre/.  (L.  mater);  I.  mother; 
—  spirituale,  godmother;  quasi-prov. 
Ahi  Costantin  di  quanto  mal  fu  madre, 
D.  Inf.  19.  1 1 5,  referring  to  the  temporal 
power  of  the  Pope,  which  in  Dante's 
time  was  believed  to  have  originated 
with  a  donation  from  Constantine  to 
Silvester  I.  2.  womb.  3.  mould  or 
form  for  stamping  a  coin  or  casting 
molten  metal.  4.  (anat.)  Dura  — ,  Pia 
— ,  the  Dura  mater,  Pia  mater,  mem- 
branes of  the  brain.  5.  (mech.)  the 
collar  in  which  the  pivot  of  a  horizontal 
shaft  or  axle  turns.  6.  — ,  or  Madrevite, 
screw-box  or  nut  in  which  a  screw  turns, 
female  screw.  7.  too!  for  lorming  the 
thread  of  a  screw.  8.  Acqua  — ,  mother 
lye,  the  residue  of  a  salt  solution  which 
does  not  crystallize ;  -  -  dell'  aceto, 
"mother  of  vinegar,"  the  sediment  which 
preserves  and  strengthens  vinegar;  - 
del  vino,  =  Fece  or  Fondo,  dregs  of 
wine;  —  dell'  olio,  =  Morchia,  dregs  of 
oil.  9.  Isola  — ,  one  of  the  islands  on 
Lake  Maggiore. 

*Madrebranca  f.;  runner  or  layer  for  propa- 
gating a  plant. 

MadrecurveyT;  (mar.)  instrument  for  tracing 
curved  lines. 

Madreggiare  ind.  madrcggio ;  to  take  after 
the  mother. 

Madreperl-a   / ;     i.    pearl-oyster. 

2.  mother-of-pearl.     Aff.  -aceo. 

Madripor-a  /  (It.  madre  +  Gr. 
vopos,  duct) ;  madrepore,  a  genus  of 
coral  polyps.  The  best  known  is  the 
M.  abrotanoidcs,  a  rapid  grower,  so  that 
in  a  few  years  it  may  produce  con- 
siderable rocks  near  the  islands  of  the 
Pacific.  Aff.  -ico. 

Madreselva  (Matreselva,  Matri- 
selva)  f.  ;  (tot.)  =  Abbracciaboschi, 
honeysuckle. 

Madrevite/;  ?:  Madre  (6). 

Madrigal-e  (Madriale)  nt.  (corr.  of  Mandriale, 
pastoral);  as  E.  Ajf.  -eggiare  to  compose  madrii;;iK, 
-esco,  -essa  long  madrigal,  -ctto  dint.,  -one  fiitgw., 
-uccio  pefg. 

•  Madrigna/;=Matrigna,  stepmother. 

Madrileno ;  of  Madrid. 
Madrina/;  godmother.    *midwife. 

tMadrbne  in. ;  side-ache. 

Madroso  ;  coarsely  porous,  as  tufa. 

Etym.  Fr.  madrf,  speckled,  <  old  Fr.  jiunire, 
streaked  or  veined  wood,  of  Germanic  origin,  (/. 
O.  H.G.  rrtasar,  gnarled  undergrowth  on  a  maple, 
A.S.  maser,  knot  in  wood. 

Maest-a  /  (L.  majestas,  v.  Mag- 
giore); i.  majesty;  Delitto  di  lesa  — , 
high  treason;  Parere  una  — ,  to  look 
majestic.  2.  pop.  wayside  shrine.  Aff. 
-osamente,  -osita,  -oso. 

MafSstra  /.;  i.  mistress,  school- 
teacher. 2.  forewoman  in  a  workshop. 

3.  —  delle  api,  queen  bee.     4.  net-line ; 
the  cord  which  is  run  along  the  top  of 
a  net  in  and  out,  by  which  to  hang  it 


MAESTRACCIO— MAGGIORASCO 


347 


and  keep  it  stretched.  5.  large  cork 
used  by  fishermen  both  for  showing  the 
position  of  the  net  and  for  keeping  it  so 
adjusted  as  to  allow  the  fish  to  go  in. 
6.  (mar.)  mainsail.  7.  as  adj.,  v.  Maestro. 

Maestracci-of  -a:  pegg.  of  Maestr-o,  -a. 
Maestralata  /.',  north-westerly  gale. 

Maestrale  m. ;  north-west  wind,  so 
called  from  the  fact  that  wind  from  this 
quarter  is  the  most  violent. 

Maestraleggiare  ind.  maestrale'ggio ; 
of  wind,  to  blow  from  the  north-west. 

*  Maestramento  m.  ;  i.  taking  a  doctor's  degree, 
ii.  =  Ammaestramento,  teaching. 

Maestranz-a /  ;  i.  complete  know- 
ledge of  a  trade.  2.  freedom  of  a 
company,  right  to  membership  of  a  guild. 
3.  in  pi.,  guilds,  representatives  of 
various  trades;  C'  interverranno  le- 
gnaiuoli,  muratori,  fabbri  e  tutte  le  altre 
-e,  carpenters,  masons,  smiths  and  re- 
presentatives of  all  other  trades  will 
take  their  part.  4.  the  workmen  col- 
lectively engaged  on  some  job. 

Maestrella  f.;  upper  part  of  the  frame  of  a 
loom,  which  carries  the  pulley  or  pullies  controlled 
by  the  weaver. 

Maestri  vol-e ;  masterly.  A/,  -me'nte. 
Maestrla  /  ;  mastery,  skill. 

*i.  trade,  occupation,    ii.  trick,  deceit.    iii.  =  Am- 
maestramento, teaching,     iv.   mastership,  authority. 

Maestrfna  /;  i.  young  teacher, 
nursery  governess.  2.  forewoman's 
assistant  in  a  silk  spinnery.  3.  iron,  to 
a  beggar  or  to  a  girl  who  poses  as 
clever,  Che  c'  e  — ?  well,  my  fine 
mistress,  what  now? 

Maestrfno  m.;\.  dim.  vezz.  Maestro. 

2.  iron,     to     a    tiresome    boy,     Oh! 
maestrino !    now    my    young    master ! 

3.  senior  pupil  in  a  music  institute  who 
teaches  the  juniors. 

Ma^str-o  m.  (L.  magister,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Magistrate,  and  infra,  Magistero) ; 

1.  master    (of    any    art    or    science). 

2.  teacher;    Fare  il  maestro,  to  be  a 
teacher.       3.     foreman     or     manager. 

4.  Sotto    — ,    under-foreman.      5.    - 
concertatore,  —  di  cappella,  conductor. 
6.    composer.     7.    -  -    di    casa,   house 
steward.     8.  iron.  Che  dice  il  sor  — ? 
what  says  Mr  Know-all?    9.  —  eterno, 
God.     10.    —  di  giustizia,  executioner, 
n.    —  del  campo,  in   Roman  history, 
the  officer  who  chose  and  laid  out  the 
camp.     12.    -  -   del    molo,   wharfinger. 
13.  — ,  or  Vento  da  maestra,  north-west 
wind,  usu.  Maestrale. 

Maestro  is  also  used  almost  as  an 
adj.  like  E.  master,  meaning :  14.  master- 
ly. 15.  principal.  So  also  we  have 
1 6.  Acqua  -a,  lye  from  which  soap  is 
made.  17.  Albero  — ,  (mar.)  main- 
mast. 1 8.  Barba-a,  tap-root.  19.  Libro 
— ,  or  Mastro,  ledger,  account-book. 

20.  Mai  — ,  the  falling  sickness,  epilepsy. 

21.  Muro  — ,  the  outer  wall,  main  wall. 

22.  Penna  -a,  goose  quill;  long  wing- 
feather  of  any  bird  ;  Jig.  Levare  a  uno 
le  penne  -e,  to  clip  his  feathers  ;  Quelle 
due  doti  che  ho  dovuto  pagare  m'  hanno 
levato  le  penne  -e,  the  payment  of  my 


two  daughters'  dowries  has  crippled  me. 
23.  Strada  -a,  high  road.  24.  Trave  -a, 
principal  rafter,  king-post  (in  the  frame 
of  a  roof).  25.  Vela  -a,  (mar.)  main-sail. 

Maestrdna  / ;  i.  angm.  Maestra, 
excellent  teacher.  2.  teacher  who  is 
physically  big.  3.  in  bad  sense;  In 
opera  di  furberia  &  — ,  she  is  extremely 
cunning. 

Maestrone  m. ;  i.  augm.  Maestro, 
excellent  teacher.  2.  great  composer 
of  music. 

Maestrucci-o  m.,  -a  /  ;  dim.  spreg. 
Maestr-o,  -a.  Un  —  stangato  che  fa 
pieta,  a  most  miserable  looking  pro- 
fessor. 

Maestriicol-o  m.,  -a  /  ;  dim.  spreg. 
of  Maestr-o,  -a.  Qualunque  —  si  d<\  aria 
e  titolo  di  professore,  any  paltry  teacher 
will  call  himself  a  professor. 

Maestruzza/;  cord  stretched  along 
the  top  of  a  net. 

Maestruzz-o  m.,  -a/ ;  dim.  Maestr-o, 
-a,  humble  teacher. 

t  Mafa  /.',  —  Afa,  sultriness. 

Maffe ;  =  Per  mia  fe,  i'  faith. 

Mafi-a  f.  (prob.  <  Arabic  ma-hias, 
swaggering  insolence);  the  Mafia  of 
Sicily  and  Southern  Italy,  a  secret 
society  of  organised  brigandage.  •  Aff. 
-6so. 

Maffia/  (var.  of  Mafia) ;  wretched- 
ness. Ha  tanta  —  addosso,  he  is  in  a 
wretched  condition. 

tMafrone  m. ;  v.  Pagello  (2). 

Maga  f.  of  Mago ;  i.  witch.  2.  fig. 
as  in  E.,  charming  girl,  tangler  fish, 
v.  Lofio. 

Magagna  f. ;  moral  or  physical  de- 
fect. 

Etytn.  dub.  /V*>0.<mlt.  mahnmium,  fracture 
of  a  bone,  laceration  of  the  skin,  which  Diez  con- 
jectures to  be<O.H.G.  man  +  tuunjan,  to  mutilate; 
cp.  old  Fr.  ftia/tain,  mt/taitig,  mutilated,  mthaigner, 
=  Provenc.  maganhar,  to  mutilate.  V.  Skeat,  sub 
Maim. 

Magagn-are ;  i.  to  spoil.  2.  Jig.  to 
corrupt. 

*i.  of  a  wound,  to  fester,  ii.  to  overpower,  iii.  to 
wound.  Part,  -ato :  iv.  feigned,  insincere,  v.  maimed. 

•Magalday:;  prostitute. 

*MagaIuffo  m. ;  =  Mancia  data  al  banditore, 
auctioneer's  fee. 

Magara  or  Magaraddio ;  v.  Magari. 

Magare ;  to  bewitch. 

Magari  (Gr.  poxdpir,  vocative  of 
fiandpios,  <  fidxap,  happy,  root  mak,  to 
be  able,  cp.  /Micpor,  long,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Meagre)  adv. ;  i.  as  an  expression  of 
emphasis,  certainly.  -  Dio,  or  as  one 
word  Magaraddio,  God  grant  it.  Sa- 
rebbe  uomo  —  da...,  he  would  be  a 
man  capable,  I  tell  you,  of....  Ci 
anderesti  volontieri  in  Germania?  Ma- 
gari !  So  you  would  like  to  go  to 
Germany?  Wouldn't  I !  Voglio  spun- 
tarla  —  ci  avessi  a  rimettere,  I  want  to 
accomplish  it  even  if  it  should  be  a  loss 
to  me.  2.  =Forse  Dio!  Forse!  an 
emphasized  Perhaps.  —  Dio  glie  1'  ho 
detto  poche  volte  e  non  c'  intende,  I 
believe  I  have  told  her  several  times 


and  she  does  not  understand !  Se 
de'  figliuoli  n'  avessi  avuti  —  Dio  vend 
non  mi  sarei  sgomentato,  if  I  had,  why, 
twenty  children,  I  should  not  mind. 

Magasso  in. ;  i.  —  monaro,  pochard  duck,  v. 
Germano  (4).  2.  —  bastardo,  or  simply  — ,  scaup 
duck,  Fuligitla  inarila. 

Magazzinaggio  m. ;  cost  of  storage. 

Magazziniere  m. ;  warehouse  keeper. 

Magazzfno   m.   (Arabic   makhazin, 
pi.  of  makhzan,  storehouse) ;  warehouse. 
—  de'  liquori,  vulg.  the  belly.     Un  - 
d'  erudizione,  one  who  has  more  learning 
than  method.     *  =  Magazziniere. 

Magdaledne  m. ;  v.  Maddaleone. 

Magdeburgo;  Emisferi  di  — ,  two 
brass  hemispheres  made  to  adhere  by 
exhausting  the  air  within  them,  an 
experiment  first  made  at  Magdeburg. 

Magenta;  as  E. ;  the  term  was 
adopted  from  the  battle  of  Magenta  in 
1859. 

Maggerena/ ;  (dot.)  bladder  senna, 
v.  Erba  (157). 

Maggesare  ind.  magg^so;  to  lay  fallow. 

Maggese  >n.  (from  Maggio,  as  being  a  field  to 
be  broken  up  in  the  next  May);  i.  fallow  land;  — 
complete,  semestrale,  twelve  months,  or  six  months 
fallow ;  Tenere  in  — ,  to  have  in  fallow.  2.  early 
(May)  hay.  3.  as  adj.,  belonging  to  the  month  of 
May. 

Maggiaiu61-o  m.,  -ay.;  i.  usu.  in 
pi.,  May  singers,  young  people  going 
round  with  spring  flowers,  and  singing. 
2.  as  adj.,  Febbre  -a,  hay-fever. 

Maggiatic-0  m.,  -a /I ;  i.q.  Maggese, 
fallow. 

Maggio  »t.  (L.  Maius,  =  Gr.  MaW, 
May,  root  mag  or  magh,  to  grow,  May 
being  the  month  of  growth);  i.  the 
month  of  May.  2.  Cantore  di  — , 
scherz.  donkey.  3.  Non  esser  di  — ,  of 
one  unwilling  to  repeat  himself;  Scusa, 
non  ho  inteso  bene,  che  cosa  hai  detto? 
Oh!  sai,  non  siamo  di  — ,  ci  avevi  a 
badare,  pardon  me,  I  did  not  quite 
hear,  what  did  you  say?  Oh!  come, 
we  are  not  in  May,  you  should  have 
listened.  4.  Aspettar  —  che  venga,  to 
wait  for  May,  i.e.  to  wait  a  long  time. 
5.  -  -  ortolano,  molta  paglia  e  poco 
grano,  when  May  is  a  gardener,  i.e.  after 
a  wet  spring,  favouring  the  kitchen 
garden,  the  corn  runs  to  straw  more 
than  to  grain.  6.  spring  song,  v.  Mag- 
giaiuolo ;  Poeta  di  — ,  poor  sort  of  poet. 
7.  II  cinque  — ,  Manzoni's  ode  on  the 
death  of  Napoleon.  8.  branches  of 
fresh  green  or  spring  blossom  placed 
by  the  peasants  before  the  door  of  their 
sweethearts ;  Plantar  — ,  the  placing  of 
the  same.  9.  a  May  festival. 

Maggioci6ndolo  m. ;  (dot.)  laburnum, 
•v.  Citiso. 

Maggiolata/  ;=  Maggio  (6). 

Maggiolino  m. ;  cockchafer,  Mela- 
lonta  vulgaris. 

Maggiorana  f.;  (bot.)  marjoram, 
v.  Erba  (98). 

Maggioranza/ ;  i.  majority.  2.  pre- 
eminence. 

Maggiorasco  m. ;  =  Maiorasco. 
44—2 


348 


MAGGIORDOMO— MAGRETTINO 


Maggiord6mo  m. ;  majordomo. 

Maggi<5r-e  (L.  major,  root  mag,  to 
be  big,  v.  Magno);  i.  greater.  .2.  - 
d'  eta,  oldest.  3.  Eta  — ,  legal  age  of 
manhood.  4.  (mil.}  major.  5.  Stato  — , 
(mil.}  staff.  6.  in  pi.,  as  si.  ancestors. 
7.  Andar  per  la  — ,  to  be  counted 
among  the  foremost.  8.  Altar  — ,  high 
altar.  9.  Ordini  -i,  the  three  higher 
Orders,  sub-deacon,  deacon,  priest,  as 
opposed  to  Ordini  minori,  v.  Minore. 
10.  Matricola  — ,  the  higher  taxation 
in  medieval  Florence,  also  the  list  of 
families  registered  for  the  same.  1 1.  Arti 
-i,  the  major  Arts  in  Florence;  there 
were  twenty-one  Arts,  of  which  six  were 
major  and  fifteen  minor,  the  major  being 
those  of  the  silk  trade,  the  furriers, 
merchants,  apothecaries,  bankers,  and 
lawyers;  in  Italian,  della  seta,  de'  pel- 
licciai,  de'  mercanti,  degli  speziali,  dei 
cambiatori,  e  de'  notai. 

*  Maggioreggiare  ;  to  be  domineering. 

Maggiorenne  (L.  major,  annus);  of 
full  age. 

•Maggior-enti,  *-eyo!i  or  *-inghi  ni.pl.;  the 
patricians  in  the  oligarchical  republics  of  the  Middle 
Ages. 

Maggiorfn-o  m.,  -a  / ;  the  eldest  of 
a  young  family. 

Maggiormente  adv. ;  all  the  more. 
.     Maggiornato  ;«. ;  eldest  son. 

Maghero ;  — Magro,  thin. 
Magia  f.\  magic. 

Magiar-o  ;  Magyar,  belonging  to  the  Magyars 
of  Hungary.  Aff.  -ico. 

Magic-o;  i.  magical.  2.  enchanting, 
often  iron. ;  O  questa  1'  e  -a,  sta'  vedere 
cheio  non  potro  occupanni  come  piace 
a  me,  Oh  this  is  a  nice  thing,  it  seems 
I  may  not  employ  myself  as  I  like. 
Aff.  -amdnte. 

*Magio  ;«.;  philosopher,  v.  Mago  (2).  Fermo 
com1  un  — ,  i.e.  perfectly  still. 

*  Magione  (Masone)y,  (L.  mansio);  dwelling. 
Magibstra  tidj. ;    I-'ragola  — ,  a  kind  of  large 

strawberry. 

*  Magirico  (Clr.  juayctpot,  a  cook) ;  culinary. 
*Magiscoro  tn.;  choir  master. 

Magismo  tn. ;  the  ancient  religion  of  Persia. 

Magistero  (Magisterio,  Maestero, 
Maesterio)  m.  (L.  magister,  a  double 
comparative  form;  as  it  were  "great- 
er-er,"  cp.  infra  Ministro;  the  root  is 
mag,  to  grow,  v.  Magno);  i.  mastery, 
of  a  craft  or  subject.  2.  profession  of 
a  teacher;  Patente  di  — ,  teacher's 
certificate.  3.  doctor's  degree.  4.  Gran 
— ,  grand  Mastership  5.  (pharm.} 
the  precipitate  formed  out  of  a  chemical 
solution  by  a  suitable  reagent. 

Magistral-e;  relating  to  the  pro- 
fession of  a  teacher.  Cattedra  — , 
professorial  chair.  Scuola  — ,  normal 
school.  Aria  — ,  magisterial  air,  school- 
master's manner. 

*  i.  principal,    ii.  freshly  made,  v.  Magistero  (5). 
Aff.  -ilk  teacher's  air,  -m6nte. 

Magistrat-0  m.  (L.,  v.  Magistero); 
i.  magistrate.  2.  magistracy,  i.e.  either 
the  office  of  a  magistrate,  or  the  magis- 
trates of  some  place  as  a  body;  in 
former  times  the  office  might  be  either 
judicial  or  administrative,  and  the  word 


was  applied  to  any  kind  of  local 
authority;  Molte  strade  d'  Italia  eran 
rotte...per...trascuranza  de'  -i,  many  of 
the  roads  in  Italy  were  in  a  bad  state 
through  the  neglect  of  the  managers. 
(Davanzati,  translation  of  Tacitus,  Flor- 
ence, 1637.) 

Magistraturay^;  magistracy,  v.  Magistrate. 
tMagiustra/;  =  Fragola,  strawberry  plant. 

Maglia/. ;  i.  ring  in  a  coat  of  mail, 
ring  for  hanging  up  a  clock,  mesh  (of 
a  net;,  link  (of  a  chain).  2.  stitch  in 
knitting  ;  Lavori  di  — ,  crochet  work. 

3.  knitting,  knitted  shirt,  flannel  vest. 

4.  coat  of  mail.     5.  (mtd.}  white  spot 
on  the  cornea  of  the  eye ;   also  (dial.} 
a  similar  pimple  on  the  lips.     6.  closely 
knitted  body-covering  worn  by  dancers 
to  simulate  nudity.    *Tener  — ,  to  be 
a  soldier. 

Etym.  T,.  macula,  spot,  or  Jig.  blemish,  also 
the  mesh  of  a  net.  This  last  sense  may  probably 
have  come  from  the  knots  of  a  net,  regarded  as  sp<it>, 
like  E.  mesh,  the  original  meaning  of  which  was 
"knot,"  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1010,  sttb  Mesh.  The  word 
macula  passed  into  Italian  unchanged  in  the  sense 
of  blemish,  and  in  a  contracted  form  mac' la  origi- 
nated both  Macchia,  spot,  and  Maglia,  mesh.  For 
conjectures  as  to  the  origin  of  macula,  v.  Walde, 
suit  voc. 

Magliabechiana  / ;  the  library  of 
that  name  at  Florence. 

Magliaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Maglip.  Ha 
la  testa  che  e  un  — ,  i.e.  he  is  very 
obstinate. 

Maglianese  m. ;  a  kind  of  plum. 

Maglie'tt-a ;  i.  dim.  Maglia.  2.  the 
eye  of  a  "  hook  and  eye."  3.  a  half  ring 
fixed  on  a  picture  frame  for  hanging  it 
up.  4.  the  ring  used  to  prevent  buttons 
from  being  drawn  out.  5.  ring  for 
hingeing  a  cupboard  door  or  the  like 
on  to  a  pivot.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Magliettare  ind.  maglie'tto ;  to  nail 
down  planks  on  the  bottom  of  a  ship 
with  large  triangular-headed  nails. 

Maglietto  m. ;  dim.  Maglio. 

Maglio  m.  (L.  malleus);  i.  mallet. 
2.  head  of  a  steam  hammer;  "monkey," 
in  pile  driving;  head  of  the  hammer  in 
the  sport  of  throwing  the  hammer,  or 
the  sport  itself.  3.  cricket  bat,  mallet 
used  in  playing  croquet.  4.  beetle  for 
ramming,  rammer.  5.  (anat.}  malleus, 
one  of  the  bones  of  the  internal  ear. 

Magliolfna/;  dim.  Maglia. 
Magli61o  m. ;  i.q.  Magliuolo. 

Magli6n-e  ;«.,  -a,/.;  angm.  of  Maglia, 
large  or  badly  made  mesh. 

Magliublo  or  Magliblo  ;//.  (It. 
maglio,  from  the  shape  given  to  the 
cutting  by  taking  along  with  it  a  little 
of  the  branch  from  which  it  is  cut) ;  in 
vineyards,  cutting. 

*  Magna  /.  ;    La   — ,   Germany,     t —    pegola, 
lamprey,  v.   Lampreda. 

*  Magnalatico  tn. ;    dues  paid  for  sheltering  in 
the  Magnale,  the  Pisan  harbour  of  refuge. 

Magnanim-o  (\..,<»iagnus,  animus)',  as  E. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Magnanlnay?;  i.  Dartford  warbler,  Melizo- 
ftkihts  fravinciiilis,  also  termed  Sterpagnola,  Bee- 
cafico  dl  Provenza,  Silvia  di  Provenza.  2.  a  Sardinian 
species  of  warbler,  Melizophilits  sardia,  also  termed 
Occhiotto  sardo. 


Magndn-0  m.\  locksmith.  Aff.  -ino 
dim. 

Etym,  Cogn.  dial.  Fr.  magnan,  Proven^. 
magnin,  <  Span,  mafia,  dexterity,  <  L.  machina. 
Or  the  Italian  and  other  forms  may  be  <  a  bit.  form 
**  mackinawis. 

*  Magnare  ;=Mangiare,  to  gnaw. 
tMagnardne  m.:  miller's  thumb,  i>,  Ghlozzo  (i). 

Magnat-e  m. ;  as  E.     Aff.  -izio. 

Magnesi-a/  (v.  Magnete);  as  E.  Aff.  -aco, 
-o  magnesium. 

Magnesite/;  meerschaum.  Chemically  it  is 
carbonate  of  magnesia  and  occurs  as  a  compact 
white  mineral. 

Magnete  ;«.;=Calamita,  magnet;  the  name  is 
from  the  town  of  Magnesia  in  Lydia  where  the 
mineral  lodestone  was  first  known;  Magnesia,  on 
the  other  hand,  is  so  called  from  a  district  of  that 
name  in  Thessaly. 

Aff.  Magneti-camente,  -co,  -snio,  -iiare,  -zza- 
mento,  -zzatdre,  -zzatrice. 

Magnetite  »/.;  lodestone,  v,  Magnete. 

Magneto-elettrico ;  electro-magnetic. 

Magnet6metro  /«.;  as  E. 

Magnifica  m. ;  short  for  Magnificat. 

Magnific-are  ind.  magnifico;  to  extol.  Aff. 
•a  men  to,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Magnificat  M.;  i.  the  canticle  of  the  Virgin. 
2.  scherz.  feasting. 

MagnificenzayC;  as  E.  *i.  glory,  ii.  boun- 
teousness. 

Magnlfic-o;  as  E.     Aff,  -amente. 

Magniloquen-te,  -za;  v.  Magniloquo. 

Magniloquo;  impressive  (speaker). 


root  cp.  L»r.  firya?,  ooimc  miK~iis,  i..  niucn,  ungui- 
ally  muckle,  7'.  Skeat,  f«£Much,  Magnate);  i.  great; 
obsolete  in  this  sense  except  as  attached  to  certain 
personages,  e.g.  Alessandro  — .  2.  with  the  same 
meaning  but  used  it  on.  Ma  questo  —  libro  quando 
me  lo  mandi?  when  are  you  going  to  send  me  this 
great  book  of  yours? 

Magn61ia/  (from  Magnol,  a  French  botanist, 
1638 — 1715);  as  E. 

tMagn6sayi;  hammer-headed  shark,  f.  Sfirna. 

MagO  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  /layos,  <  old 
Persian  magu^  lit.  great,  V.  Magno); 

1.  wizard.     2.    Parere  un    — ,  or  il  - 
sabino,  to  have  a  long  beard  and  look 
very   wise.      3.    Magus,   priest   of  the 
ancient  Persian  religion.     4.  one  of  the 
three  wise  men  of  the  East,  in  Scripture. 
*As  adj.,  magical. 

*  Magodo  m. ;  ancient  Greek  actor  of  a  woman's 
part. 

Magdga;  Oga  — ,  an  expression  for  any  far 
distant  countries,  the  ends  of  the  earth. 

E.tym.  Hebrew  Gog  and  Magog,  as  in  Revela- 
tion xx.  8.  Gog  is  prob.  akin  to  Persian  kokt  moun- 
tain, and  Magog  to  Sanskr.  maha,  great,  so  that 
Gog  and  Magog  would  be  lit.  great  mountain  and 
stand  for  the  barbarians  of  the  North  collectively,  as 
in  Ezekiel  xxxviii.  15. 

Magogano,  M6gano,  Mogdgano,  Mog6gon 
m.  (native  Carib  word);  (bot.)  mahogany,  Siueetenia 
mahogani. 

*  Magogo    m.    (var.    of   Magoga) ;    outlandish 
person. 

*  Magolato  ///,  (L.  maculatus,  spotty);  i.  ground 
which  has  been  trenched,     ii.  ground  ploughed  with 
the  ridges  twice  as  near  together  as  usual. 

fMagolo  /«.;  =  Porca,  ridge  of  a  furrow. 

Mag6na/;    i.    ironmonger's  shop. 

2.  iron-masters    forge,    iron    refinery. 

3.  store  of  pig  iron.     4.  place  of  abund- 
ance generally. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  Arabic  ntaktirtt  pot, 
utensil. 

Magoncinay?;  dim.  Magona. 
'Magone  m.  (A);  augm.  Mago.    (B)  (O.H.G. 
«U{fV,>G*nn.  Magen,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Maw);  fowl's 
gizzard. 

*  Magontere  m,\  manager  of  a  Magona. 
Magontino;  of  Magonza  (Mayence). 

Magra  /. ;  (mar.)  —  di  acqua,  low- 
water. 

Magr-am6nte ;  -u.  -o.  Pranzare  — , 
to  dine  poorly. 

*  Magrana  /.;=  Emicrania,  sick  headache. 
Magr-ettino  dim.  vezz.,  -etto  dim.,  -ezza 

sb.)  -ino  dint.,  of  -o. 


MACRO— MALATASCA 


349 


Magr-o  (L.  macer,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Meagre)  ;  I.  thin,  meagre  ;  Luce  -a, 
feeble  light  ;  Pensione  -a,  poor  pension  ; 
Maniera  -a,  dry  manner  ;  Terra  -a, 
poor  soil.  2.  Giorno  —  ,  fast-day  ;  Cibi 
-i,  food  allowed  on  fast-days.  3.  Carne 
-a,  the  lean  of  a  joint  of  meat.  4.  Prov. 
E  meglio  un  —  accordo  che  una  grassa 
sentenza,  a  poor  compromise  is  better 
than  a  good  award  (because  the  law- 
costs  are  less)  ;  Un  gusto  —  ,  a  taste 
for  an  unprofitable  pursuit.  As  sb.  : 
5.  =  Carne  -a,  the  lean  of  meat.  6.  = 
Cibi  -i,  Lenten  fare. 

Magrdgnolo;  dim.  Magro. 
Magrone  atij.  or  sb.  ;  a  pig  not  fatted. 
Magruccio  ;  dim.  Magro. 

Maguglio  m.  ;  (mar.)  a  pointed  hook  for 
drawing  out  oakum  from  the  seams. 


i  (A)  adv.  (L.  magis);  i.  ever, 
or  never  ;  the  context  showing  how  it 
is  to  be  taken  ;  it  is  also  used  as  an 
adv.  of  emphasis;  Non  e  —  accaduto 
un  fatto  simile,  such  a  thing  never  hap- 
pened before;  La  finirete  —  ?  will  you 
ever  have  done  ?  A  questa  cosa  non 
consentiro  —  e  poi  —  •,  I  will  never 
never  consent  to  this;  --  piu,  never 
any  more,  never  again;  —  piu  giuoco, 
-  piii  teatro,  no  more  gambling,  no 
more  theatre-going.  2.  It  may  express 
desire;  —  piu  che  venga  quel  giorno 
che  la  potro  rivedere,  Ah,  if  only  the 
day  may  come  when  I  can  see  her 
again.  3.  As  an  emphatic  contradic- 
tion, La  cosa  sta  com'  io  ti  dico,  the 
thing  is  as  I  tell  you;  —  piu,  not  an 
atom  ;  —  da'  miei  giorni  non  ho  veduto 
tanta  sfrontatezza,  never  in  my  life  have 
I  seen  such  impudence.  4..  as  an  em- 
phatic assertion,  viz.  with  Quanto  or 
Che  ;  Gli  vo'  bene  quanto  —  ,  or  Gli 
voglio  un  bene  che  —  ,  I  wish  him 
every  possible  good  ;  C'  e  tanta  —  gente 
che...,  there  are  so  very  many  people 
that  —  5.  Se  —  (as  the  winding  up 
of  a  discussion  in  which  something  is 
conceded)  ;  Cosl  vi  piace  ?  No  ;  Allora 
faremo  in  quest'  altro  modo.  Se  —  , 
Does  this  please  you  ?  No.  Then  we 
will  arrange  it  in  this  other  way.  Very 
well  then,  if  it  has  to  be  somehow  ;  Lo 
dissero  coraggioso  ;  a  me  non  pare  che 
fosse,  ma  se  —  lo  direi  temerario,  he 
was  said  to  be  a  brave  man,  which  he 
did  not  appear  to  me  to  be,  but  if  any- 
thing I  should  call  him  rash.  6.  Simi- 
larly, Se  ma  —  ,  if  anything  at  all. 

7.  Peggio  che  —  ,  worse  still  ;  Egli  fece 
male  ma  tu  facesti  peggio  che  —  ,  he 
did  badly,  but  you  were  much  worse. 

8.  Come  —  ,  a  formula  of  wonderment; 
Come  —  e  voluto  partir  subito?  what 
did  make  him  want  to  run  off?     Non 
mi   voile   rispondere.      Come  —  ?    He 
refused  to  give  me  any  answer.     You 
don't   say   so?      9.    Quanto   --   sta   a 
tornare?  how  much  longer  is  it  going 
to  be  before  he  comes  back  ?     io.    Se 
—   facessi   tardi    avviati,   if    I    should 
chance  to  be  late  make  a  start,     u.  Se 
ma  —  piovesse,  even  if  it  does  rain. 
12.    San    mai,    Saint    never's    day,    a 
popular  expression  for  Never. 

«(B)  contr.  for  Maio.     *(C)  contr.  for  Mali,  ills. 


Maiala./;  sow,  v.  Maiale. 

Maialaccio  in. ;  pegg.  Maiale. 

Maialatura  f.\  i.  slaughtering  and  dressing 
the  carcase  of  a  pig.  2.  season  for  the  same  (in 
Tuscany  from  Nov.  i  to  March  r). 

Maiale  m.  (L.  maialis,  <  AJaia,  the 
goddess  to  whom  pigs  were  sacrificed) ; 
P'g- 

Maialetto  in. ;  dim.  Maiale. 

Maialin-o  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Maiale.  Fare  i  -i, 
to  vomit. 

Maialdne  m. ;  aitgin.  Maiale,  es/i.  fig.  as  a 
term  of  abuse. 

Majal-uccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  of-e. 
*Maicew.;  maize. 

Maiella /;  (bat.)  i.  =  Citiso,  laburnum.  2.= 
Emero,  scorpion-senna. 

Maiero  in.',  (;wrtr.)  =  Madiere,  plank. 

Maim6ne  m. ;  (mar.)  bitt  enlarged  at  the  top. 

*  Mainare  ;  =  Ammainare,  to  lower  the  sails. 
Maind  adi>.\  certainly  not. 

Maio  m.  (L.  mains,  v.  Maggio)  ;  = 
Maggio,  but  obsolete  except  in  the 
sense  of  green  branch,  v.  Maggio  (8). 
Appiccare  il  —  ad  ogni  uscio,  to  make 
love  to  anything  in  petticoats.  Parere 
un  — ,  of  a  young  girl,  to  look  nice  and 
fresh. 

*i.  =  Maggiore,  Superiore.  ii.  =  Maggior.in7:i, 
Comando.  lii.  Dare,  Cedere  il  — ,  lo  surrender. 

Mai61ica/I;  majolica  ware,  so  named  from  the 
old  Italian  name,  Majorica  or  Majolica,  of  the  island 
of  Majorca. 

Maionese  ;  Mayonnaise  sauce,  said  to  be 
named  after  Mahon,  to  celebrate  the  capture  of 
that  place  by  the  Due  de  Richelieu  in  1756. 

*  M  aiorana  _/. ;  =  Maggiorana,  marjoram. 

Maiorascato  m. ;  i.  conditions  of 
an  entail.  2.  formation  of  the  same  by 
deed  or  will. 

Maiorasco  m.  (L.  major,  with  suffix 
-asco) ;  entailed  property. 

*  Mais  tu.  ;  =  Granturco,  maize. 
Maisi  adv. ;  most  certainly. 

Maiuscol-e'tto ;  i.  dim.  of -o.  2.  as 
sb.,  'rn.pl.  (print.')  small  capitals. 

Maiiiscol-o  (L.  majitsculus,  dim.  of 
major);  i.  large.  2.  capital  (letter). 
3-  fig-  gross>  capital  (blunder).  4.  as 
sb.,  in  pi.  (print.}  capitals.  AJf.  -ino 
dim.,  -<5ne  augm. 

Mai ;  apocope  of  Male  or  Maio. 
*Malabbiato;  wicked. 

Malacarn-e/  (L.  malam  carnem); 
inferior  or  unwholesome  meat,  offal. 
Aff.  -aio,  offal  store. 

Malacce'tto ;  unacceptable. 

Malaccio  m.;  i.  pegg.  Male  ;  Dubi- 
tarono  che  fosse  qualche  —  ma  poi  non 
fu  nulla,  they  feared  it  was  something 
serious  but  it  turned  out  to  be  nothing. 
2.  Quel  — ,  an  epileptic  fit;  Ogni  tanto 
gli  piglio  quel  — ,  he  had  a  fit  now  and 
then.  3.  Non  c'  e  — ,  as  an  answer  to 
the  question  How  are  you?  Oh,  not  so 
bad.  4.  as  adv.,  Non  stanno  tanto  — , 
they  are  not  doing  so  badly,  i.e.  really 
doing  well. 

Malaccdlto ;  badly  received. 

Malacc6rt-o;  incautious.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnte. 

Malachit-a  /.,  -e  m.  (Gr.  n«*«xi,  from  the 
green  colour  of  the  stone,  -'.  Malva);  malachite,  a 
mineral  composed  of  green  carbonate  of  copper. 

*Malaciay. ;  morbid  appetite  for  one  and  only 
one  kind  of  food. 

Malac6da  m. ;  name  of  one  of  the  demons  in 
the  Inferno. 

Malacodermi  m.  pi.  (Or.  fioAcucot,  soft,  Sep^a, 
skin);  a  family  of  beetles  including  c:iuthurides, 
fireflies  and  others. 


Malacologia  /  (Gr.);  science  of  the  mollusca. 

Malacontentezzay". :  discontent. 

Malacoth ;  Hebrew  word  for  kingdoms,  D. 
Par.  7.  3. 

Malacotter-i  or  -igi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  /xaAajcrf?,  soft, 
nre'puf,  wing);  malacopterygian  fishes. 

Malacreanza  / ;  ill  manners. 

Maladeggio;  euphem.  for  Maledetto. 
Maladire  ecc.  ;=Maledire  ecc. 
*Maladorno;  ill-adorned. 
Malafattayl;  fault  or  slip,  esp.  in  weaving. 

Malaffetto  ;  ill  disposed  (towards  a 
person  or  cause). 

Malafitta  /  ;  quagmire,  bog. 
Malaga  /  ;  wine  of  that  name. 

Malag^vol-e (It. male, agire) ;  i.  diffi- 
cult to  do,  intricate.  2.  bad  (road).  Aff. 
-dzza,  -m^nte. 

Malagiato;  i.  uncomfortable.  2.  im- 
pecunious. 

Malagma  m.  (Gr., < ^nXaxw,  soft); 
poultice. 

Malagrazia  /  ;  uncouthness,  rude- 
ness. 

*  M  alaguria  f.  ecc. ;  =  Malauguria  ecc. 
Malalingua./.;  slanderer,  backbiter. 
Malamente;    r.    badly;  Morto  — ,  dead  by 

violence  or  by  a  miserable  death.     2,    scarcely. 

*  Malandanza  /.  •  =  Malaventura. 

Maland-are;  only  used  in  the  in- 
finitive and  participle,  the  other  tenses 
being  formed  from  Andar  male;  to  go 
bad.  -ato,  out  of  health. 

MalandreyC  pi.  (!>.);  (.vet.)  "  grease,"  a  mangy 
humour  that  occurs  on  the  hind  legs  of  horses. 

Malaiidrinaggio  m.;  i.  highway 
robbery.  2.  the  practice  of  the  same. 

Malandrine'sc-o ;  Alia  -a,  like  a 
highwayman. 

Malandrino  m. ;  i.  highwayman. 
2.  ruffian  generally. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span.,  modern  Provenc.  and  Fr. 
malattdrin,  ruffian,  Comascan  dial,  malandra, 
prostitute.  The  source  of  these  words  is  doubtful ; 
Diez  regards  them  as  compounds  of  mal  +  landrin, 
a  word  occurring  in  Provengal  for  "vagabond," 
prob.  <  O.  H.G.  lantdtri,  highwayman,  <  land  + 
tarn,  to  damage,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tear  vb. ;  Littre  is 
inclined  to  trace  them  to  L.  malandria,  a  veterinary 
term,  V.  supra,  Malandre,  the  notion  of  "diseased" 
passing  into  that  of  "ruffianly,"  but  this  seems  too 
far-fetched.  K.  Slandra. 
*Malandro;  ruffianly. 

Malanimo  m. ;  ill-will. 

Malannaggio ;  interj.,  somewhat 
less  than  Maledetto ;  -  -  le  mosche ! 
confound  the  flies  ! 

Malanno  m.  (L.  ma/us,  annus) ; 
i.  calamity.  2.  severe  illness.  3.  il 
-  e  la  mala  pasqua,  a  very  rough 
reception  (given  to  a  person) ;  II  male 
il  —  el'  uscio  addosso,  every  kind  of 
misfortune ;  Con  questa  guerra  avremo 
il  male  il  —  el'  uscio  addosso,  this  war 
will  bring  us  to  utter  ruin.  4.  as  vulg. 
imprec.,  Ti  colga  il  — ,  blast  you. 
5.  pers.  blackguard. 

Malann-uccio  m.\  dim.  of -o  (i,  2  and  5). 
*Malapaga^;  debtors' prison. 
•Malardo  m.  (of  O.H.G.  origin,  11.  Skeat,  sub 
Mallard);   duck. 

Malaria  f.',  i.  bad  air.  2.  swamp  fever, 
formerly  attributed  to  bad  air,  now  known  to  be 
an  infection  due  to  mosquitoes. 

Malarn^se  m. ;  rogue. 
Malarrivato ;  in  a  bad  way. 

'Malatasca  ///. ;  the  Devil. 


350 

Malat-o  (originally  part,  of  It.  *ma- 
lare,  to  fall  ill,  <  Male,  <  L.  malus) ; 
i.  ill.  2.  sore;  Un  dito  — ,  a  sore 
finger.  Aff.  -iccio  delicate,  -mo  dim. 

*  Malatolta  _/;  i.    ill-gotten  goods,     ii.   in//., 
exactions. 

Malatti-a  /  ;  illness,  disease.  Aff. 
-a.cda.pegg: 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  mnlnrfie,  Proven{.  malnftia, 
<blt.  **  malattia,  <  L.  male  habitus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Malady. 

Malaug\ir-io  ;/;.  (L.  malum  augu- 
rinni);  bad  omen.  Aff.  -atame'nte, 
-ato,  -osamente,  -oso. 

Mala vdglia /;  sloth.    *  ill-will. 

*  Malavogliccio  ;=Malazzato. 

Malavvedut-o ;  imprudent.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Malavventura  / ;  mischance. 

Malavvezzo ;  ill-mannered,  ill-bred. 

Malazzato ;  somewhat  ill. 

Malcaduco  HI.  ;  epilepsy. 

Malcapitato ;  in  difficulties,  in 
danger  of  ruin. 

Malcaut-o;  incautious.  ^4^-amente. 

Malc6ncio;  damaged. 

*  Malcondescente;  of  rough  manners,  uncouth. 

Malcontento ;  i.  m.  discontent. 
2.  adj.  discontented. 

Malcoperto ;  half-naked. 

Malcorrisp6st-o;  ill-requited.  Siamo 
spesso  -i  da  quelli  appunto  cui  facciamo 
del  bene,  we  are  often  ill-requited  by 
those  whom  we  benefit. 

Malcostumato ;  ill-mannered. 

Malcreatello ;  dim.  scherz.  Mal- 
creato.  Un  po'  -  -  e  quel  bambino, 
that  baby  is  a  little  rascal. 

Malcreato ;  rude,  ill-bred,  churlish. 

*Malcubato;  somewhat  ill. 

Maldestr-0 ;  Gli  domando  con 
quella  sua  aria  -a  e  buonacciona  una 
cosa  che  fece  rider  tutti,  he  asked  him 
with  that  air  of  his  of  blundering  sim- 
plicity something  that  made  everybody 
laugh. 

Maldett-o  ;  not  well  said.  Una 
parola  -a,  something  that  had  better 
have  been  left  unsaid. 

Maldicapo  pi.  maldicapi  ;«. ;  head- 
ache. Aveva  maldicapi  spaventosi,  he 
used  to  have  frightful  headaches. 

Maldicente;  slanderous,  evil-speaking. 
Maldicenzayl;  slander,  backbiting. 
Maldiva/;;  a  species  of  cocoa-nut. 

MaldbccMo  m. ;  the  "evil  eye." 
Era  tanto  un  bel  bambino  :  che  abbia 
avuto  il  — ?  he  used  to  be  such  a 
beautiful  baby :  can  he  have  had  the 
evil  eye  cast  upon  him  ? 

Male,  Mai  m. ;  i.  harm.  2.  pain. 
3.  illness.  4.  evil.  It  is  also  an  adverb. 
Phrases :  5.  Atidare  a  — ,  of  food,  to 
go  bad ;  of  any  organism,  including 
plants,  to  fail  in  health.  6.  Andare  a 
finir  — ,  of  a  dispute,  to  be  likely  to 
end  in  a  fight.  7.  Aver  — ,  to  fall  ill. 
8.  Avere  or  Aversi  a  — ,  or  per  —  di, 


MALATO— MALIARDO 


to  take  offence  at,  feel  much  annoyed 
by ;   Non  lo  fare,  me  ne  avrei  per  — , 
don't  do  it,  I  should  be  seriously  an- 
noyed.    9.   Avere  il  —  il  malanno  e 
I'  uscio  addosso,  to  be  ruined.     10.  Bene 
e  non  — ,  v.  Bene  (2).     u.   Rut/are  a 
-  il  figliuolo,  to  miscarry.      12.    Dal 
mal  dal  — ,  at  the  worst;  L)al  mal  dal 
-'  potrk  non  pagarmi,  at  the  worst  he 
may  not   pay  me.      13.    Far  —  a,  to 
hurt;    Far  del  — ,  to  live  a  bad  life; 
Uno  fa  —  a  cento,  one  bad  person  may 
contaminate  all  the  rest,  or  may  cause 
them  all  to  be  suspected.     14.  Mandar 
— ,   to   allow   a    thing    to   be    spoiled. 
15.  Mandare  a  — ,  (a)  to  dissipate  (a 
fortune),  (t)  Mandare  a  —  un  figliuolo, 
to  miscarry  through  neglect  of  proper 
care.      16.    Meno  or  Manco  — ,  it's  a 
good  job;  Meno  —  che  non  mi  abbia 
anche   bastonato,   it's   a  good  job    he 
didn't  thrash  me  as  well.      17.    --  di 
petto,  chest  disease ;   —  al  petto,  pain 
in  the  chest.     18.   Non  e  un  —  che  il 
prete  ne  goda,  i.e.  it  is  not  an  illness 
which  will  kill  him.     19.  Rimaner  —, 
to   be   dumbfounded   when   something 
turns   out   very   differently ;    A    quella 
razza  di  accoglienza  rimasi  — ,  I  was 
dumbfounded  at   the  reception   I   got. 
20.    Ho  addosso  tutto  il  —  di   Santa 
Mart'  Nova,  I    have  all  the  diseases 
that  are  to  be  found  in  the  hospital  of 
S.  M.    21.  Sapersi — ,  to  regret;  Mi  sa 
—  che...,  I  am  sorry  that....    22.  Sentir 
—  una  cosa,  to  be  annoyed  at  hearing 
of  it.     23.    Sentirsi  — ,  to  feel  unwell. 
24.   Star  — ,  to  be  very  ill.     25.   Star 
-    a,    to    be    short    of,    deficient    in. 
26.   Stare  al  bene  e  al  — ,  to  take  the 
rough  with  the  smooth.     27.    Venir — , 
to  fall  ill.     28.    Voter  —  a,  to  dislike. 

The  word  is  also  prefixed  to  many 
adjectives,  modifying  or  reversing  their 
meaning,  of  which  a  few  examples  are 
given  above  and  below. 

Malebblge  m. ;  the  name  given  by 
Dante  to  the  eighth  circle  of  Hell,  "the 
horrid  ditches,  or  pits,"  the  place  of 
traitors. 

Malebranche  /  pi. ;  the  demons  of 
Malebolge. 

Maledettame'nte ;  "like  the  devil." 
Piove  — ,  Studia  — ,  it  is  raining,  or  he 
works,  like  the  devil. 

Malede'tto ;  part.  Maledire. 

Maledic-o;  slanderous.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Male-dire  ind.  maledico,  v.  Dire; 

1.  to  curse.     2.  part,  -detto,  as  an  oath, 
-detto  gli  orologi,  non  ne  va  uno  bene, 
curse  the  clocks,  not  one  of  them  goes 
well.     Or  it  may  stand  alone;  -detto! 
curse  it ! 

Maledizidne  /;  cursing,  curse. 
Quella  —  dei  debiti,  these  cursed 
debts.  C'  e  la  — ,  there  seems  to  be 
a  curse  upon  it,  said  of  a  thing  which 
always  goes  wrong. 

Malefatta/;  I.  blunder  made  by 
an  artisan  in  his  work,  esp.  in  weaving. 

2.  any  kind  of  mistake  or  even  crime. 


Maleficio  m.;  i.y.  Malefizio. 
*Maleficow.;  sorcerer. 
Malefic-o  ;  pernicious.     Aff.  -amente. 

Malefizio,  Maleficio  (Malifizio, 
Malificio)  m. ;  i.  wicked  action.  2.  sor- 
cerer's curse,  witchcraft;  Qui  ci  dev'es- 
sere  qualche  — ,  non  si  attecchisce  nulla, 
this  place  must  be  bewitched,  nothing 
will  grow  properly. 

*  Malenanzay?;  calamity. 

•Maleo;  i.  ill.     ii.  fierce,     iii.  as  s/i.,  pestilence. 

Malerba  / ;  noxious  weed. 

Malesci-o;  sickly.  Noce -a, shrivelled 
walnut,  one  whose  kernel  will  not  come 
out  whole. 

Malesia  /  ;  the  Malay  States. 

Malessere  m. ;  i.  indisposition. 
2.  fig.  bad  state  financially. 

Malestante ;  poor,  needy. 

Malestr-o  m. ;  childish  mischief. 
Aff.  -6so. 

*  Malestruo  m. ;  contriver  of  evil. 
Malevol-o;  malevolent.     Chi  e  uomo  da  qual- 

cosa  ha  sempre  molti  -i,  a  man  who  is  worth  anything 
is  sure  to  have  plenty  of  enemies.     Aff.  -enza. 

Malfatto  m. ;  i.  misdeed.  2.  as 
adj.,  deformed. 

Malfatt6re  m. ;  sinner. 

Malfermo ;  i.  unsafe,  insecurely 
fixed.  2.  Jig.  shaky  (proposition), 
feeble  (strength). 

Malferrato ;  badly  shod  (horse). 

*  Malferuto  m.;  rheumatism  in  a  horse's  loins. 

Malfldat-o ;  suspicious.  Non  mi 
piace  la  gente  -a,  I  don't  like  suspicious 
people. 

Malfido ;  untrustworthy. 

Malflorito  ;  with  few  blossoms. 

Malfondato;  i.  ill-founded  (opinion). 

2.  (wall)   without   proper   foundations. 

3.  feeble  (of  purpose  or  in  character). 

Malfrancese  in. ;  syphilis. 

*  Malfusso  m.\  villain,  cur. 

Malgarb-0  ;«.;  clumsiness  of  bearing 
and  behaviour.  Dire  qualche  cosa  con 
— ,  to  bring  a  thing  out  brusquely,  very 
clumsily.  Tanti  -i  fa  che  paiono  sgar- 
berie,  he  makes  so  many  awkward  mis- 
takes that  it  seems  as  if  he  was  being 
rude  on  purpose. 

Malgiudicare ;  to  misjudge  (people 
or  actions,  not  distances  or  situations). 

Malgoverno  m. ;  misgovernment. 

Malgradfto ;  unwelcome,  disagree- 
able. 

Malgrddo ;  in  spite  of,  notwith- 
standing, v.  Grado. 

Malgrazi6so;  unattractive,  ungra- 
cious. 

Malguardat-O  ;  badly  looked  after. 
Ragazzi  -i,  boys  who  are  badly  brought 
up. 

Malia  f. ;  charm,  enchantment, 
fe  una  — ,  i.e.  the  luck  is  dead  against 
me. 

Maliard-o  m.,  -a  / ;  i.  sorcerer, 
witch.  2.  fig.,  as  in  E.,  for  a  charming, 
bewitching,  girl. 


MALIBRAN— MALVEDERE 


Malibran  ;  i.  the  name  of  a  famous 
opera  singer  of  the  i8th  century.  2.  a 
kind  of  open  carriage  in  which  to  go 
out  driving. 

*  Malicorio  m.  ;  rind  of  a  pomegranate  used  as 
an  astringent  medicine. 

Malifi-zio,  -cio;  v.  Malefizio. 

*  Maligia  ;  Cipolla  —  ,  a  coarse  kind  of  onion. 
Malignare;    i.    intr.   to   grow  malignant,   to 

think  or  speak  malignantly.  2.  tr.  to  put  a  bad 
meaning  upon,  to  malign  (a  person's  intentions). 
*to  ill  treat. 

Malign-o  (L.t  for  mali-genus,  <  inali-,  bad, 
gen-,  base  of  gignere,  to  produce)  ;  malignant.  II 
—  ,  or  Lo  spirito  —  ,  the  Devil. 

Ajf.  -accio  pegg.,  -amente,  -alore,  -atrice,  -etto 
dim.,  -ita,  -one  attgm.,  -uccio  dim, 


•Malina/;  illness. 

*  Malinanzayl;  misfortune. 


(v.    Melancholia)  ; 


Malinconi-a  / 
melancholy. 

Aff.  -camente,  -co,  -oso. 
Malincorpo;  A  —  ,  i.q.  A  malincuore. 

Malincudre  ;  A  —  ,  unwillingly. 

•Malinello  m.;  drinking-cup. 
Malintenzionato  ;  with  bad  intentions. 

Malint^so;  i.  misconceived;  Lavoro 
—  ,  a  piece  of  work  wrong  from  the 
beginning;  Onore  —  ,  mistaken  sense 
of  honour,  such  as  might  cause  an  un- 
necessary duel.  2.  as  s&.,  misunder- 
standing. 

*  Malinventurato;  unlucky. 

*  Malioso  ;=  Maliardo. 

*  Mails  m.  ;  rabies  in  the  horse. 

*  Maliscal-co  in.  (var.  of  Manescalco);  i.  com- 
mander of  an  army.      it.  _/tg.   ruler  ;    Che   fur   del 
mondo  si  gran  -chi,  who  were  such  mighty  rulers 
of  the  earth,   D.   Purg.   24.  99.     iii.  =  Manescalco, 
farrier,     iv.    title  of  various  magistrates,  marshal, 
syndic,  mayor  etc. 

t  Maliscente  ;  not  quite  recovered  (from  illness). 

*  Malissia  f.  ;  a  variety  of  vine. 
*Mali8talla/;  =  Stalla,  stable. 

Malizia  /;  i.  malice.  2.  know- 
ledge of  evil  or  vice  ;  Metier  — 
in  un  giovinetto,  to  teach  a  boy  things 
he  had  better  not  know.  3.  cunning, 
as  opposed  to  true  art  in  an  artist,  or 
to  a  true  knowledge  of  a  game,  such  as 
billiards.  Similarly  of  a  cunning  art  in 
dressing;  Con  un  po'  di  —  nel  vestire 
cela  i  difetti  della  persona,  she  dresses 
rather  cunningly  so  as  to  hide  the  faults 
of  her  figure.  4.  Mettere  in  —  ,  to 
arouse  the  suspicions  of.  5.  malice 
prepense;  Non  1'  ho  fatto  a  —  ,  I  did 
not  do  it  on  purpose. 

*  i.  illness,     ii.  infection;  L'  aer  s't  pien  di  —  ,  the 
air  so  tainted,  D.  Inf.  29.  60. 

Malizi-accia/.;  pegg.  of  -a. 

Maliziare;  i.  v.  Malizia  (i)  and  (3). 
2.  of  horses,  to  grow  vicious.  3.  to  get 
up  an  article  so  as  to  make  it  seem  of 
good  quality. 

Malizi-etta  dim.,  -na  dim.  vezz.,  of  -a;  La 
malizina  dei  bambini,  babies'  mischievous  ways  ; 
-osaccio  /?££•.,  -osamente  adv.,  of  -oso;  -osetto 
or  -osino,  dim.  vezz.  of  -oso;  -6ao  adj.  of  -a; 
-osuccio  dim.  of  -oso;  -uccia  dim.  pegg.  of  -a. 

Malleabil-e;  malleable.     Aff.  -ita. 
t'Mal  legato  m.  ;  black  pudding. 

Malleolo  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  malleus);  ankle- 
bone. 

*i.  =Magliuolo,  vine-cutting,     ii.  ancient  arrow. 

Mallev-ad6re  w/.,-adrice/;  i.  gua- 
rantor; Stare,  Entrare  —  ,  to  go  bail. 
2.  fig.  Ti  sto  —  che  se  non  ismetti  tu 
ne  vedrai  delle  belle,  I  warrant  you 
will  catch  it  if  you  don't  stop.  Aff. 
-adorfa,  -eria,  guarantee. 

•Mallevare  (It.  man,  levare,  //'/.  to  raise  the 
hand  as  a  pledge)  ;   to  guarantee. 


Mallev-at6re  m. ;  i.y.  -adore.  Aff. 
-eria,  =  -adoria. 

Mallo,  Mario  (Mello,  Merlo)  m. 
(bit.  **mallus,  var.  of  L.  mallo,  stem 
of  an  onion,  in  Vegetius);  i.  husk,  the 
green  outer  shell  of  a  walnut  or  other 
nut.  2.  (less  commonly)  the  skin  of 
any  stone-fruit.  3.  Mangiar  le  noci 
col  — ,  i.e.  to  quarrel  with  someone 
who  has  more  command  of  bad  lan- 
guage than  oneself.  4.  In  quella  casa 
non  me  ne  gioverei  di  mangiare  una 
noce  col  — ,  i.e.  it  is  so  dirty  that  the 
dirt  would  have  gone  through  husk  and 
shell  into  the  kernel. 

Malmantile  m. ;  title  of  the  epic  poem  of 
Lorenzo  Lippi. 

Malmaritat-a ;  i.  ill  married.  2.  Le 
-e,  convent  into  which  women  separated 
from  their  husbands  formerly  retired. 

*  Malmeggiare;  =  Malmenare. 

Malmenare  ind.  malme'no;  I.  pers. 
to  ill-treat,  treat  roughly,  be  a  scourge 
to.  2.  fig.  —  una  lingua,  to  "murder" 
a  language. 

Malmenfo  in.  •  ill-usage. 
Malmeritare    ind.    malmerito ;    to 
deserve  ill,  deserve  punishment. 

*  Malmerito    nt.  ',     i.     deserved    punishment. 
2.    offence. 

*  Malmettere;  to  dissipate,  waste. 

Malnato  ;  i.  i.q.  Malcreato,  ill-man- 
nered. 2.  deplorable. 

*i.  low-born,     ii.  unlucky. 

Malnfcto ;  little  known. 

Mal-O  (L.  malus) ;  often  contracted 
to  Mai  when  masc.,  and  to  Ma'  in  the 
proverb  Adagio  a'  ma'  passi  ;  bad.  II 

—  spirito,  the  evil  spirit.     Donna  di  — 
affare,  bad  woman,  prostitute.    —  luogo, 
brothel.    —  mondo,  Hell.    Di  -a  voglia, 
unwillingly.     Mprire  di  -a  morte,  to  die 
miserably,     -e  lingue,  spiteful  tongues. 
La  prese  in  -a  parte,  he  did  not  take  it 
in  good  part,     -a  cosa,  an  expression 
used  when  alleging  some  excuse  for  a 
piece  of  foolishness,  e.g.  on  the  part  of 
a  lover;   -a  cosa,  e  innamorato,  it's  a 
bad  job,  you  see  he  is  in  love.    —  punto, 
the  wrong  moment.     In  —  punto,  in- 
opportunely. 

Malocchio  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Maldocchio. 
2.  as  two  words,  Di  mal  occhio,  askance, 
with  ill-will. 

Malora  (Malotta)_/C;  ruin,  perdition. 

Maldr-e  m. ;  I.  illness.  2.  mis- 
fortune. 3.  in  an  ancient  manuscript 
or  the  like,  injured  or  torn  piece.  Aff. 
-uccio  dim. 

*Malotico;  spiteful. 
*Malotta/:;  =  Malora. 

*  Malparato  ;  in  evil  case,  helpless. 

Malpersuaso ;  unpersuaded. 
Malpiglio  m. ;  look  of  anger,  frown. 
Malpratico ;  inexperienced. 
Malprb   m. ;    hurt,   harm.     Fecegli 

—  tanto  a  lui  che  a  suoi  discendenti,  it 
did    harm    both    to   him    and    to    his 
descendants. 

Mal-sano  ;  unhealthy,  -sicuro ;  in- 
secure, -sincere; insincere,  -sofferente; 


putting    up    with    unwillingly.       -8118- 
sistente ;  unsubstantial. 

Malta  f. ;  i.  mortar,  for  building. 
2.  a  kind  of  bitumen.  3.  La  — ,  the 
place  referred  to  by  Dante,  Par.  9.  54, 
was  probably  a  Papal  prison  for  criminal 
priests  at  Viterbo. 

*  i.  mud.    ii.  some  kind  of  fish. 

Etym.  L.  maltha,  =  Gr.  juoAda,  pitch  mixed 
with  wax  for  caulking,  where  mal-  is  akin  to  L. 
mol-lis  and  -tha  corresponds  to  the  root  dhe,  v. 
Skeat,  sut>  Do. 

Maltagliati  m.  pi. ;  pieces  of  paste 
of  irregular  shape  eaten  with  soup. 

Maltalento  m. ;  bad  frame  of  mind. 
Ando  contro  di  lui  tutto  pieno  di  — ,  he 
went  to  meet  him  in  a  very  bad  frame 
of  mind. 

Maltempo  m. ;  bad  weather. 

Maltenuto ;  badly  kept. 

Malt  into  ;  i.  badly  coloured.  La 
mattina  usciva  dal  letto  col  viso  verde- 
giallo  —  di  colore  di  fumo  di  pantano, 
he  got  up  in  the  morning  with  a  blotchy 
greenish  yellow  face  the  colour  of  mist 
off  a  swamp.  2.  yellowish  brown  (horse). 

Malto  m.  (E.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.}; 
malt. 

Maltollerdbile ;  intolerable. 

Maltblto  m.  (It.  male,  tolto);  ex- 
tortion, exaction. 

Maltoso  /«.;  a  sugar  obtained  from  the  action 
of  yeast  upon  starch. 

Maltratt-are ;  to  ill-treat,  whether 
in  act  or  word ;  also  fig.,  e.g.  by  mis- 
translating an  author.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Maluccf  no  adv. ;  not  very  well. 

Maluccio;  i.  m.  slight  ailment. 
2.  adv.  rather  badly;  Scrive  — ,  he 
does  not  write  well  (meaning  either 
handwriting  or  style). 

Maluria_/;  poet,  for  Malauguria,  bad  omen. 

Malva  /  (L.,  root  mal,  soft,  cp.  Gr. 
na\axi,  mallow,  /iaXfiKo'r,  soft);  i.  mal- 
low ;  for  the  different  species,  v.  infra, 
"^fig-  of  a  politician,  lukewarm  partisan  ; 
E  del  colore  della  — ,  he  is  a  wishy- 
washy  sort  of  fellow,  t  =  Mallo,  husk. 

Species:  (a)  —  arborea,  tree  mallow,  La-.-ntcra 
arborea.  (b)  —  ebraica,  Jews'  mallow,  Corcharns 
olitorius.  (c)  —  comune,  common  mallow,  v.  Erba 
(135).  (d)  —  crespa,  curled  mallow,  Malva  crispa. 
(e)  —  muschiata,  musk  mallow,  Malva  maschata. 
(/)  —  muschiata  delle  Indie,  East  Indian  musk 
mallow,  Hibiscus  inosihatits.  (g)  —  di  padtile 
americana,  swamp  rose-mallow,  Hibiscus  palttstris. 
(K)  —  rosa,  hollyhock,  v.  Malvone.  (r)  —  rosa  della 
Cina,  Chinese  ros_e-ma!low,  Hibiscus  rosa  sinensis. 
(/)  —  silvestre,  wild  mallow,  Malva  sylvestris. 

Malvaccfni  m.  pi.;  (&o£.)  v.  Grisettina. 

Malvaceo;  adj.  of  Malva. 

Malvagfa,  Malvasfa  / ;  Malmsey 
wine  (from  the  town  of  Napoli  di  Mal- 
vasia,  in  Greece,  where  this  wine  was 
first  made);  also  the  corresponding 
grape. 

Malvagi-o ;  wicked,  noxious.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -tk. 

Malvarbsa  / ;  (dot.}  i.q.  Malvone, 
hollyhock. 

Malvasfa y.;  v.  Malvagia. 

Malvavischio  m. ; (iW.)marsh  mallow,  Althaea 
officiualis,  also  termed  Buonviscbio. 

Malvede"re;  to  regard  with  ill-will. 


352 


MALVEINA— MANDARE 


Malvelna  f. ;  mauve  colour. 
Malvenuto;  unwelcome. 

Malversazione  f.\  as  E. 

Malvissuto ;  having  lived  a  bad  life. 

Malvisto;  part.  Malvedere,  dis- 
liked. 

Malvivdnte  m. ;  evil  liver,  rogue. 
Malviv&nza/ ;  brigandage. 
Malvrvo  ;  half  dead. 

Malvizzo  ;«.;  =  Tordo  sassello,  redwing. 

Malvolentieri ;  unwillingly. 

Malvolere  m. ;  ill-will.  It  is  also 
used  as  a  verb,  but  only  in  the  infinitive. 

Malvblto;  ill  disposed  (towards  a 
person). 

Malvoncino;  dim.  Malvone  (2), 
poor  little  muff. 

Malvdne  m. ;  I.  hollyhock,  Althaea 
rosea,  also  termed  Malva  rosa.  2.  attgm. 
of  Malva  (2),  a  mugwump  (as  said  in 
America),  a  muff. 

^angm.  of  t  Malva,  husk,  walnut  with  too  much 
rind. 

Mambu  m. ;—  Bambu,  bamboo. 

Mamma/  (/«///.);  I.  mother;  - 
mia,  or  -  -  delle  poverine,  excl.  of 
astonishment  as  in  E. ;  Figliuolo  che  £ 
tutto  — ,  child  that  sticks  close  to  its 
mother's  petticoats ;  Casa  mia  —  mia, 
my  home  is  my  all ;  La  santa  — ,  the 
Virgin.  Prov.  Quando  la  —  ha  passato 
il  poggiuolo  non  si  ricorda  piu  del 
su'  figliuolo,  i.e.  absence  chills  the 
affections ;  Esser  la  —  di  S.  Pietro,  or 
peggio  della  —  di  S.  Pietro,  of  an 
avaricious  and  selfish  woman,  from  a 
legend  attributing  these  qualities  to  the 
mother  of  St  Peter ;  Esser,  Parer  la  - 
del  freddo,  of  a  cold  woman.  2.  female 
breast  (human  or  animal).  3.  dregs  (of 
wine,  usu.  Madre).  4.  poet.  i.q.  Mam- 
mella.  t —  de  triglie,  ?'.  Motella. 

Mammaccia  /^;  pegg.  unnatural  mother. 
Mammalucc-o  m.  (Arabic  mamluk,   ruler); 

1.  Mameluke.    The  Mamelukes  were  an  old  Egyptian 
regiment  of  cavalry  originally  enrolled  from  foreign 
prisoners,  who  subsequently  usurped  the  government 
of  the  province,  then  part  of  the  Turkish  dominions, 
and  chose  their  own  chief.    They  were  treacherously 
destroyed  in  1811  by  Mehemet  All,  viceroy  of  Egypt. 

2.  Jig .  blockhead  ;  also  as_/  -a,  a  stupid  woman. 

Mammamia  in.;  hypocrite, humbug. 

*MammanayC;  i.  governess,     ii.  midwife. 

Mammari-o  (L.  mamma,  breast); 
(anat.)  i.  mammary  (gland,  etc.).  2.  f, 
pi.,  -e,  as  sd.,  the  mammalian  class  of 
animals. 

Mammella/;  i.  teat,  nipple.  2.  the 
little  hump  at  each  end  of  a  horse-shoe. 

*Alla  destra  — ,  on  the  right-hand  side,  D.  Inf. 
J7'  3'. 

Mammifero;  mammalian. 
Mammillare;  (anat. )  mammillary. 
Mammina/I;  MM.  vezz.  Mamma. 

Mammola  f.,  or  Viola  — ;  i.  violet, 
Viola  odorosa.  2.  a  kind  of  large  purple 
grape,  for  dessert,  also  called  Mammolo. 

3.  wine  with  a  scent  like  violet,  or  the 
scent   itself  of  such   wine.     *i.    child, 
ii.  midwife. 

Mammol-e'tta  or  -ina  /.;  dim.  of -a. 
Mammolo  in.',  the  name  of  a  variety  of  vine 
producing  violet-scented  grapes.     *  child. 


Mammol6ne  ;//. ;  a  variety  of  grape,  v.  Mam- 
mola (2). 

Mamm6ne  in.  (Mammona  f.)  (A)  (Syriac 
word,  <  Hebrew  matmftn,  treasure,  cp.  taitian,  to 
bury);  i.  Mammon,  the  god  of  riches.  2.  riches. 

(Ii);  i.q.  Gatto  mammone,  mandril  ape,  ». 
Gattomammone. 

Mammut  tn.  (Russian  word);  mammoth. 

*  Mamzero  m.  (Hebrew  word);  son  of  a  harlot. 
Manacciay?;  pegg.   Mano,  dirty  or  deformed 

hand. 

Manaide  f.  (L.  nation,  =  Gr.  navov,  a  soft 
sponge);  a  small  open  boat  used  in  the  sardine  and 
sponge  fisheries. 

tManai6l-o  ;//.,  -*/•',  a  kind  of  chopper. 

*  Manaiudlayl;  (>«//.)  bundle  of  heather  used  in 
earthworks  to  keep  the  earth  together. 

*  Manare  (L.);  to  flow. 

*  Manarese  ;«.;  chopper.     Cascare  il  — ,  to  be 
grieved  at  some  bad  news. 

Manat-a/;  i.  blow  with  the  hand. 
2.  handful.  3.  truss  of  straw.  4.  hand- 
ful \i\Jig.  sense,  small  number  of  persons 
Aff.  -ella,  -ina  dims. 

Manato  /«.  (native  Carib  word) ; 
manatee,  an  herbivorous  sea  animal 
something  like  a  seal. 

Manca ;  left  (hand),  v.  Manco. 

Mancamento  ///. ;  i .  defect,  moral 
or  physical.  2.  want,  lack.  3.  fault, 
of  omission. 

tMancanu  »r.;  =  Gado  minuto. 

Mancanza-/;  i.  i.q.  Mancamento. 
2.  fainting-fit. 

Mane-are  (v.  Manco);  i.  to  be 
lacking ;  A  quel  vaso  -a  il  manico, 
that  jug  has  no  handle.  2.  to  die  out ; 
Venuta  a  —  quella  famiglia  ne  prese  il 
casato  quell'  altra,  that  family  having 
died  out  its  name  was  taken  by  this 
one.  3.  to  neglect  (to  act);  Badi  alia 
scadenza  non  -hi  di  pagare,  mind  you 
do  not  fail  to  pay  at  due  date.  4.  to  be 
missing;  Ci  -ava  questo,  this  was  the 
one  thing  missing,  usu.  in  irony,  the  one 
thing  needful  (to  complete  the  mis- 
fortune). 5.  -ano  modi,  or  -a  modi, 
iron.,  there  are  no  ways,  meaning  that 
really  there  are  plenty  of  ways  (of  doing 
what  is  required).  6.  to  be  in  fault; 
Confesso  che  qui  ho  -ato,  I  admit  I  was 
wrong  here.  7.  —  ai  vivi,  to  pass  from 
amongst  the  living,  to  die.  8.  Sentirsi 
— ,  to  turn  faint.  9.  Delitto  -ato,  crime 
that  was  not  carried  into  effect. 
10.  Prov.  A  tutti  i  poeti  -a  un  verso, 
an  expression  used  when  an  expert  in 
any  art  makes  a  mistake. 

Aff.  -atore  -atora  -atrice  (hardly  ever  used 
except  in  the  phrase  —  di  parola,  promise-breaker). 

Mancego;  I,'  idalgo  — ,  II  cavalier  — ,  Don 
Quixote  (from  Mancha,  Don  Q.'s  native  province). 

*  Manceppare  ;  i.  =  Emancipare,  to  emancipate 
from  parental  authority,  ii.  =  Mancipare  (<L.  inan- 
cipiuni),  to  make  a  slave  of,  turn  into  a  chattel, 
ill.  =  Assoggettare,  to  subject  (a  person)  to  (some 
kind  of  treatment);  Li  Greci  perseguitando  Ii  miseri, 
Ii  quali  per  frettolosa  fuga  non  poterono  scampare, 
gli  manceppavano  alia  morte,  the  Greeks  pursued 
these  unfortunate  wretches  who  hastily  fled  but 
could  not  escape,  and  slaughtered  them. 

Mancesteriano  ni. ;  one  of  the  Manchester 
school,  free-trader. 

Manc^tta  f. ;  dim.  Mancia,  gift, 
"  tip." 

Manch£vol-e ;  lacking,  defective. 
Aff.  -^zza,  -mdnte. 

Manc-ia/ ;  i.  a  small  addition  to  a 
legal  charge,  such  as  is  given  to  cab- 
men, waiters,  etc.  2.  pi.  -e,  in  the 


game  of  Ombra,  the  addition   to  the 
pool  paid  by  each  player  to  the  winner. 

Etytn.  Perhaps  <  bit.  **manicia,  gloves,  < 
L.  mattica,  the  sleeve  of  a  tunic,  <  matins,  hand. 
Or  manicia  may  have  been  used  simply  for  that 
which  is  passed  into  the  hand,  as  a  direct  formation 
from  matins,  cp.  Pincio,  fir  cone,  <  L.  pinus. 

Manciat-a/  ;  a  good  handful.  Aff. 
-ella  -fna  dims. 

Mancina/.  ;  i.  left  hand.  2.  (mar.) 
sheers,  apparatus  for  dealing  with  heavy 
weights,  e.g.  stepping  a  mast,  hoisting 
artillery  on  board,  etc. 

Mancinata  / ;  a  left-handed  pro- 
ceeding, dubious  action  or  worse. 

Mancfno  (dim.  Manco,  the  left  being 
the  feeble  hand);  i.  left  (hand).  2.  loft- 
handed  (person).  3.  fig.  sinister,  trea- 
cherous. 4.  —  manritto,  ambidextrous. 
5.  (horse)  with  a  certain  defect  in  the 
feet,  v.  Sbalestrare  (3). 

*  Mancip-are ;    to    enslave.     Aff.   *-e   or  -io, 
slave. 

Manco  (cogn.  Proveng.  and  old  Fr. 
manc,>¥r.  manchot,  maimed, <L.  man- 
cus,  maimed,  akin  to  O.H.G.  mangon, 
>Germ.  Mangel,  want);  I.  i.q.  Man- 
cino,  left,  and  in  f.  as  sb..  La  manca, 
the  left  hand.  2.  as  sb.,  fault,  defect ; 
Verro  senza  — ,  I  will  come  without 
fail.  3.  nsadv.,i.f.  Meno;  Ne  — ,  not 
even;  —  male,  so  much  the  better;  Al 
— ,  at  least. 

t  Mancolo  m.;  (mar.)~  Bitlonetto,  bollard. 

*  Mandafuora    m. ;   (theat.)  =  Buttafuori,   call- 
boy. 

Mandamento  m.  •  area  of  jurisdic- 
tion of  a  local  authority. 

Mandante  m.;  i.  (leg.)  principal,  as 
opposed  to  Mandatario,  agent.  2.  in 
//.,  constituents. 

Mand-are  (L., Onanu,  dare);  i.  to 
send.  2.  to  put  (a  doubtful  coin  or  bank- 
note) into  circulation ;  Questo  foglio 
e  molto  lacero.  Uallo  a  me,  lo  -o  io, 
this  note  is  very  badly  torn.  Hand  it  to 
me,  I  will  pass  it  on  for  you.  3.  Prov. 
Chi  vuol  vada  e  chi  non  vuol  -i,  let  him 
who  cares  go,  and  let  him  who  does  not 
care  send,  i.e.  if  you  want  a  thing  done 
do  it  yourself.  4.  of  water  or  other 
source  of  power,  to  drive  (a  machine). 
5.  Piove  come  Dio  la  -a,  it  is  raining 
in  torrents.  6.  Dio  ce  la  -i  buona, 
Heaven  grant  we  may  get  through  it, 
i.e.  safely  through  some  danger.  7.  - 
a  effetto,  to  carry  out  (an  intention). 
8.  —  da  Erode  a  Pilato,  i.e.  to  send 
from  pillar  to  post.  9.  —  fuori,  to  pub- 
lish, io.  —  giii,  to  swallow ;  whether 
//'/.  or  fig.  as  an  affront.  1 1.  —  a  male, 
alia  malora,  in  rovina,  ecc.,  to  squander. 

12.  —  a  monte,  to  abandon  (a  design). 

13.  —  a  partito,  to  vote  upon.    14.  -arsi 
dietro  le  spalle,  to  neglect,  disregard. 
15.  —  a  spasso,  to  dismiss.     16.  -arsi 
male,   iron,    to  hurt   oneself   by  over 
exertion. 

*  i.  to  command,  ii.  —  a  bottino,  to  pillage, 
iii.  —  all'  uccetlatoio,  to  ridicule,  iv.  —  in  Pic- 
cardia,  scfterz.  for  I  mpiccare,  to  hang.  v.  —  sano, 
to  dismiss. 


MANDARINATO— MANGIA 


353 


Mandarinato  m. ;  office  of  a  man- 
darin. 

Mandarinesco  ;  pertaining  to  a 
mandarin. 

Mandarine  m.  (A)  (Portug.  man- 
darim,< Malayan  mantri,  counsellor,< 
Sanskr.  mantrin,  counsellor  ;  root  men, 
to  think,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.}\  as  E. 

(B)  (It.  mandare)  ;  server,  at  the 
game  of  Pallone. 

(0)  (from  the  old  name  of  the  Isle 
of  France,  near  Mauritius,  whence  the 
fruit  came) ;  mandarin  orange. 

Mandat-a/;  i.  quantity  sent;  Co- 
desti  libri  che  son  tutti  ?  No,  ce  ne 
sara  due  altre  -e,  is  this  all  the  books 
that  are  coming  ?  No,  there  are  two 
other  lots.  2.  turning  a  key  in  a  lock ; 
Dare  la  — ,  to  lock  the  door;  Metti 
tutti  e  due  le  -e,  double  lock  the  door. 

Mandatario  m.  (leg.} ;  agent,  v. 
Mandante. 

Mandatin-a  f.,  -o  m,  •  dim.  vezz.  of 
Mandat-a,  -o. 

Mandate  m.  •  i.  mandate,  warrant. 
2.  pay-warrant. 

Mand-at6re  m. ;  v.  -are. 
Manderetta/;  a  kind  of  bill-hook. 
Mandibolay^  (\..,<intituiere,  to  chew);  as  E. 

*  Mandiritto   (Mandritto)   m. ;    blow   delivered 
from  right  to  left,  forehanded  stroke,  as  opposed  to 
Manrovesciato. 

Mand61-a  (Mandora)  f.  (cogn.  Fr. 
mandate,  Span,  bandurria,  <  L.  pan- 
dura,  =  Gr.  iravSovpa,  perhaps  of  Egyp- 
tian origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Banjo);  man- 
dolin, a  sort  of  guitar.  *v.  Mandorla. 
Aff.  -ista,  -ino  dim. 

Mandorla  (Mandola,  Amandola, 
Amandorla)  /  (bit.  amandola,  <  Gr. 
afivy&d\r),  of  Oriental  origin,  z>.  Skeat, 
sub  Almond) ;  i.  almond.  2.  kernel  of 
any  stone  fruit.  3.  Fatto  a  — ,  almond- 
shaped.  4.  (arch.}  lozenge-shaped  or- 
nament; Porta  della  — ,  one  of  the 
entrances  to  the  Cathedral  at  Florence, 
so  named  from  its  shape.  5.  diamond- 
shaped  space  in  lattice-work,  or  similar 
space  in  knitting.  6.  (w«r.)  =  Condut- 
tore  di  manovra,  bull's  eye,  wooden 
ring  for  a  bowline  or  other  rope  to  slide 
in.  7.  almond-shaped  scent-bottle.  8.  — 
di  terra,  (tot.}  =  Babbagigi,  rush-nut. 
9.  -  marina,  dipper  bubble-shell, 
Philine  aperta. 

Mandorlato  m. ;  i.  almond  paste. 
2.  lattice-work.  3.  marble  with  almond- 
shaped  markings. 

Mandorl-e'tta,  -Ina ;  dims,  of  -a. 

Mandorlo  in.  ;  (tot.}  almond-tree, 
A  mygdalus  communis. 

Mandra,  Mandria/  (L.,<Gr.  pav- 
9pa,  stable,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Madrigal); 
i.  drove  of  cattle;  La  —  de'  mortali, 
the  common  herd  of  mankind.  2.  cattle- 
shed. 

•  Mandracchia  /.    (bit.    mandracula,   dim.    of 
L.  mnndra,  herd);   prostitute. 

Mandracchio  m.  (prob.  <  " matuiraculum, 
dint,  of  L.  mandra,  cattle-shed);  (mar.)  inner  har- 
bour of  a  port. 

H. 


Mandragola  f.  (Gr.  pavSpayopa.?,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Mandrake);  i.  (hot.)  mandrake,  Mandragora 
ojftcinalis.  2.  Mostrar  la  — ,  to  deceive. 

MandriayC;  v.  Mandra. 

Mandriale  m. ;  iron  hook  used  in  letting  molten 
iron  out  of  the  furnace.  *i.  =  Manclriano.  Ii.  = 
Madrigale. 

Mandridno  w. ;  herdsman.  *=  Man- 
driale, hook. 

Mandrillo  m.  (firob.  of  E.  origin,  v.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  vac,);  mandril  ape. 

Mandrino  m,  (flrob.  <  bit.  **  mnndarinunt, 
akin  to  Oscan  mamfhttr,  part  of  a  lathe,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Mandrel,  Walde,  sub  Mamphur) ; 
mandrel,  chuck,  of  a  lathe,  the  part  to  which  the 
thing  to  be  turned  is  fixed. 

Mandritta/;  right  hand;  A  — , 
to  the  right ;  Dare  la  —  a  uno,  to 
place  him  on  your  right  hand  as  a  mark 
of  respect. 

Manduc-are  (v.  Mangiare,  etym.)\  only  used 
in  the  phrase  Dove  si  manduca  Dio  ci  conduca,  i.e. 
God  send  us  luck,  used  by  sharpers.  Aff.  *-abile, 
eatable. 

Mane/  (L.,<manus,  good,  cp.  E. 
in  good  time,  Fr.  de  bonne  heure}\ 
morning,  only  used  in  the  phrases 
Stamane,  this  morning,  Da  —  a  sera, 
from  morn  to  eve. 

"Manecare;  to  eat,  v.  Mangiare. 
*  Manecchiay;  (L.  manicwlat  dim.  of  matins, 
hand) ;  plough-handle. 

Manegg^vole;  handy,  easily  han- 
dled. 

*Maneggia/;;  i.  tract  of  country,     ii.  narrow 
strip  of  ground  two  furrows  wide  in  a  ploughed  field. 
Maneggiabile ;  i.q.  Maneggevofe. 

Maneggi-are,  ind.  maneggio  (bit. 
**manicare  or  ** manidiare,  <  L.  ma- 
nus} ;  i.  to  handle  ;  Non  le  maneggi 
tanto  coteste  pesche,  le  macolera,  do 
not  finger  these  peaches  so,  you  will 
bruise  them  ;  Pittore  che  -a  bene  il 
pennello,  painter  who  wields  his  brush 
well.  2.  to  manage;  —  le  entrate  di 
alcuno,  to  manage  his  revenues ;  —  un 
trattato,  to  negotiate  a  treaty.  3.  to 
break  in  (a  horse),  also  to  manage  (a 
horse  or  team);  Non  c'  e  cocchiere  che 
come  lui  maneggi  bene  quattro  cavalli, 
there  is  no  coachman  like  him  for 
managing  a  team  of  four  horses. 
4.  -arsi,  to  manage  skilfully;  Bisogna 
-arsi  un  poco  per...,  it  takes  some 
managing  to.... 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Man£ggi-o  m.;  i.  management,  v. 
-are  (i)  to  (3);  Scuola  di  — ,  riding- 
school;  Cavallo  di  or  da  — ,  riding- 
horse.  2.  (mil.}  —  d'  armi,  rifle  drill, 
sword  drill,  etc.  3.  hall  or  ground  of  a 
riding-school.  4.  underhand  trick;  £ 
stato  tutto  un  —  de'  miei  nemici,  it  was 
simply  a  manceuvre  on  the  part  of  my 
enemies. 

*i.  —  d'  armi,  supreme  command,  ii.  Fare  un 
— ,  to  offend,  in.  —  a  tempo,  di  tutto  tempo,  a 
contrattempo,  a  mezzo  tempo,  technical  modes  of 
exercising  a  horse. 

Manell-a,  -o;=Mannell-a,  -o,  sheaf. 

*Manente  m.;  i.  a  Genoese  "mask,"  v.  Ma- 
schera.  ii.  tenant  farmer,  iii.  as  adj.,  rich. 

t  Maneray^;  =  Scure,  axe. 

Manescalco  (Maliscalco,  Maniscal- 
co,  Marascalco,  Marescalco,  Mariscalco, 
Mascalco)  m.  (O.H.G.  marah-scalc  = 
horse-servant);  I.  farrier.  2.  spreg. 
horse-doctor,  incompetent  surgeon. 

Man6sc-o  (It.  mano);   i.  ready  with 


his  fists.     2.   ready  to  hand.     3.  (mil.) 
Fuoco — ,  hand-grenade,    /4^-ame'nte. 

Man&tt-a/  (It.  mano);  i.  hand- 
cuff; Codice  delle  -e,  scherz.,  arts  and 
ways  of  arbitrary  police  government. 

2.  grip,  place  for  gripping  hold  of  the 
scissors  for  shearing  cloth.    3.  a  similar 
gripping-piece  on  a  gun  carriage. 

Manevole ;  supple. 

tManfa  f.  (Oscan  mampkur,  v.  Manfano);  = 
Cocchiume,  spigot. 

tManfanile  w.;  =  Manfano,  flail. 

Manfano  m.  (Oscan  mamphur,  some  part  of  a 
lathe,  prob.  the  mandrel,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub 
Mandrel);  i.  handle  of  a  flail.  2.  fig.  cunning 
rogue. 

Manforte  m.  indecl.  ;  aid,  e.g.  to- 
wards resisting  attack  by  a  gang  of 
thieves. 

Manfrina  f.  (originally  Monferrina, 
from  Monferrato,  where  this  kind  of 
dancing  began);  a  rustic  dance,  or  the 
music  therefor. 

Manga  f.\  mango,  v.  Mangifera. 
*Mangan-a/;  =  -ella,  flap. 

Mangan-are  ittd.  mangano;  to  mangle  (linen), 
v.  -o.     *to  throw  from  a  mangonel. 
Aff.  -aro  or  -atore,  -atura. 
Manganato  m.\  (chein.)  salt  of  manganese. 

Manganell-a  f.  (dim.  Mangano) ; 
i.  (mil.  hist.}  mangonel,  catapult  for 
throwing  stones  in  old  warfare.  2.  piece 
of  wood  serving  as  a  lever,  or  a  prop. 

3.  Jig.  Sonar  di  -e,  =  Bastonare,  to  beat. 

4.  flap,  to  be  raised  or  let  down,  esp.  as 
a  seat  in  the  choir-stalls  of  a  cathedral. 

*  Manganello  in. ;  i.  dim.  Mangano,  catapult, 
ii.  lever,  iii.  —  Randello,  club. 

Manganese  ///. ;  as  E. ;  the  word  is  a  variant 
of,  or  perhaps  was  coined  from,  Magnesia :  and  prior 
to  the  discovery  of  the  metal  manganese  it  denoted 
the  ore  from  which  that  metal  was  afterwards 
obtained,  which  was  used  in  making  glass  and  some- 
what resembled  the  lodestone,  magnes,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Manganese. 

Manganico;  manganesic. 

Mangano  m. ;  i.  mangle  (for  linen) ; 
Dare  il  —  a,  to  mangle.  2.  (hist.) 
mangonel,  also  termed  Manganella. 
3.  washerwoman's  mangle.  4.  fig.  op- 
pression ;  Ci  siamo  cascati  sotto  il  — , 
we  find  ourselves  grievously  oppressed. 

5.  of  a  big-boned  person,  Che  pezzo  di 
— ,  what  a  lump  he  is. 

Etym.  mlt.  mangantitn,=Gr.  ij.dyyavovt  used 
with  various  meanings,  all  related  to  a  general  sense 
of  contrivance,  cp.  fiayyavtvia,  to  cajole,  L.  mango, 
slave-broker,  one  who  gets  slaves  up  for  sale  by 
tricky  devices,  root  ntang,  to  prepare  artfully,  a 
nasalised  form  of  the  root  mag,  to  prepare,  >  E. 
make.  The  literal  meaning,  therefore,  of  /xayva?oj/ 
is  merely  "apparatus."  K.  Skeat,  sub  Mangle  si. 
•Mangea/;  banquet. 

Manger^ccio;  i.  edible.  2.  tasty, 
nice. 

Mangeri-a  /  ;  illegitimate  gains  by 
an  official,  or  by  a  government  depart- 
ment. II  lotto  e  una  — •,  state  lotteries 
are  not  a  legitimate  source  of  revenue. 
Arricchito  a  forza  di  -e,  enriched  by 
peculation. 

Mangiayi;  i.  eating;  Questo  cacio 
e  ora  buono  per  la  — ,  this  cheese  is 
now  ready  for  eating.  2.  season  for 
eating,  or  right  way  of  eating;  La  — 
del  popone  e  nell'  agosto,  the  season  for 
eating  melons  is  in  August;  L'  agnello 
co'  piselli  £  la  sua  — ,  lamb  and  peas  is 

45 


354 

his  favourite  dish.  3.  as  m.,  the  name 
given  to  a  large  bronze  figure  which 
used  to  strike  the  hours  on  the  clock 
of  the  Palazzo  Municipale  at  Siena. 
Hence,  Far  il  —  da  Siena,  to  be  a 
swaggerer. 

Mangia-api  w.;  =  Grottaione,  bee-eater. 

Mangiabambini  m.  indecl.;  an  ogre  to  look 
at,  but  really  a  good-natured  fellow. 

Mangiabile  ;  eatable. 

Mangiabruchi  m.  indecl.;  name  of  a  class  of 
insect-eating  birds  in  the  East. 

Mangiacaparre  HI.  indecl;  one  who  receives 
earnest  money  but  does  not  go  to  work. 

Mangiacarte»«.  ;W«/.;  pettifogging  attorney. 

Mangiacavoli  m.  indecl.;  i.  Homeric  name 
for  the  frog  in  the  Battle  of  Frogs  and  Mice.  2.  fig. 
blockhead. 

Mangiachiacchiera  m.  indecl.;  great  talker. 

Mangiacristiani  in.  indecl.',  i.q.  Mangiabam- 
bini. 

Mangiafagiu61i  m.  indecl.;  bean-eater,  nick- 
name for  Florentine. 

Mangiafango  m.  indecl.;  lit.  mud-eater,  N.E. 
wind,  also  termed  Traversone. 

Mangiaguadagni  in.  indecl.;  casual  labourer. 
"Mangialasagne  m.  indecl.;  sausage-eater. 

Mangialiberali  in.  indecl.;  rank  old  Tory. 

Mangiamento  m.  ;  gnawing.  Quella  donna 
gelosa  e  un  —  di  cuore,  that  jealous  wife  of  his  is  a 
great  affliction. 

*i.  eating,     ii.  (gram.)  elision. 

Mangiaminestre  m.  indecl. ;  spunger,  lit. 
soup-eater. 

Mangiambccoli  in.  indecl.  (lit.  eater 
of  candles);  i.  money-grubbing  priest. 
2.  —  is  also  used,  like  the  names  Tizio 
or  Caio,  to  denote  some  imaginary 
personage,  but  with  more  idea  of  con- 
tempt. 

Mangiapagnbtte  ;;/.  indecl.  (lit. 
eater  of  rolls)  ;  an  official  not  worth 
his  salary. 

Mangiapan-e  m.  indecl. ;  idler,  use- 
less servant.  Aff.  -accio,  pegg. 

Mangiapatt6na  in.  indecl.  (lit.  eater 
of  polenta,  maize  pudding);  worthless 
fellow. 

Mangiap6re  m.  indecl. ;  =  Salta- 
becca,  green  grasshopper. 

Mangiapolenda  in.  indecl.  ;  i.q. 
Mangiapattona. 

Mangiapbpoli  m.  indecl. ;  oppressor, 
blood-sucker. 

Mangi-are  (cogn.  Fr.  manger,  Pro- 
venq.  and  Catalan  manjar,  Span,  man- 
ducar  to  chew,  the  Spanish  for  ordinary 
eating  is  comer<  L.  comedere ;  the  other 
forms  are  <  L.  manducare  to  chew,  < 
manducus  gluttonous,  <  mandere  to 
chew,  root  inand  a  nasalised  form  of 
root  mad  to  wet,  cp.  L.  inadidus,  wet, 
Gothic  mats  food,  E.  meat,  a  word  which 
originally  meant  "  food  "  not  "  flesh," 
Gr.  fiao-do/tai,  for  **matsaomai,  to  chew) ; 
i.  to  eat.  2.  fig.  to  understand;  Di 
Greco  ne  -a  poco,  he  only  understands 
a  little  Greek.  3.  to  make  illicit  profits ; 
-a  tu  che  -o  ip,  -amo  tutti  col  nome  di 
Dio,  a  refrain  describing  agents  or 
administrators  of  doubtful  honesty. 
4.  tr.  to  cheat ;  Mi  -6  cento  lire,  non 
me  ne  -a  piu,  he  cheated  me  out  of  a 
hundred  francs,  he  shall  not  cheat  me 
again.  5.  at  cards,  II  tre  -a  il  due,  the 
three  beats  the  two.  6.  at  chess,  to 
take  a  piece;  -o  di  torre,  I  take  with 
the  rook.  7.  Chi  non  -a  ha  del  -ato,  if 
a  person  does  not  eat  it  is  because  he 


MANGIA-API— MANICA 

has  food  inside  him  ;  see  also  above, 
no.  (3).  8.  Chi  piu  -a  meno  -a,  viz. 
because  his  life  is  shortened.  9.  —  del 
suo,  to  live  on  one's  means.  10.  —  so- 
pra  una  cosa,  i.e.  to  borrow  on  it. 
1 1.  to  eat  away,  as  rust;  La  ruggine  -a 
il  ferro,  rust  eats  away  iron.  12.  to 
elide  (a  vowel). 

Phrases:  13.  -  -  1'  aglio,  to  feel 
envious,  lit.  eat  garlic.  14.  Aspirare 
non  e  — ,  breathing  is  not  eating,  said 
of  one  who  does  not  pronounce  his 
words  well.  15.  —  bestie  e  cristiani, 
t.e.  to  utter  furious  threats.  16.  Qui  si 
-a  e  si  beve, here  is  meat  and  drink  too; 
Un  quattrin  —  e  here,  a  farthing's  worth 
of  meat  and  drink  ;  expressions  used  on 
receiving  a  drink  thick  with  sediment. 

17.  —  la  sporta  a  Brandano,  v.  Sporta. 

1 8.  Campa  perche  -a,  i.e.  he  is  a  block- 
head who  does  not  know  what  he  does. 

19.  —  la  pappa,  o  minestra,  o  torta,  in 
capo  a  uno,  i.e.  to  be  taller  than  he  is ; 
Guarda  come  e  cresciuta  la  tua  sorellina, 
ti  -a  la  minestra  in  capo,  see  how  your 
little  sister  is  grown,  she  is  taller  than 
you ;  also  fig.  Scrittore  che  -a  la  pappa 
in  capo  a  molti,  a  writer  who  is  better 
than  many  others;  A  me  la  pappa  in 
capo  non  mi  ce  la  -ano,  they  shall  not 
tyrannise   over   me.     20.    --la   zuppa 
co'   ciechi,   to    have    to    do   with   very 
simple-minded  people.     21.  —  il  porro 
dalla  coda,  to  eat  the  leek  from  the  tail 
end,  i.e.  begin  at  the  point  of  least  im- 
portance.    22.   --la  foglia,   to   catch 
something  one   was    not    intended   to 
hear.     23.  Gli  manca  che  —  il  fuoco, 
i.e.   he   has   exhausted   every  kind    of 
folly.     24.  Pare  d'  aver  -ato  una  mine- 
stra difusi,  he  seems  to  have  swallowed 
the  poker,  ///.eaten  spindle  soup, t'.i.  he 
is  carrying  himself  very  stiffly.     25.  - 
con  due  guancie,  i.e.  to  rob  two  parties 
at  once.    26.  Pecore  conte,  il  lupo  le  -a, 
i.e.  one  may  reckon  up  one's  possessions 
but  cannot  count  upon  keeping  them. 

27.  —  la  mano,  in  sewing  one  breadth 
of  cloth  to  another  of  the  same  length, 
to  make  it  stretch  beyond  its   fellow. 

28.  Non  t'  ho  -ato  un  quarto  di  nobilta, 
said  to  one  who  shows  annoyance  at 
being  treated  familiarly.     29.  —  a  due 
palmenti,  to  chew  greedily,  with  both 
sides  of  the  mouth  full  of  food,  Pal- 
mento  being  ///.   the  frame  of  a  mill- 
stone.    30.  La  mangerebbe  sui  ptttini 
da  lino,  lit.  he  would  eat  it  off  carding 
combs,  i.e.  he  finds  it  uncommonly  nice ; 
more    commonly,   La    mangerebbe    in 
capo  a  un  tignoso,  ///.  off  a  dirty  head. 
31.   Non  aver  -ato  la  polenda,  o  i  fagi- 
uoli  con  lui,  i.e.  to  be  less  familiar  with 
him  than  he  would  make  out.     32.  — 
col  capo  nel  sacco,  i.e.  to  live  at  ease. 
33.  -a  da  sa.no  e  bevi  da  malato ;  i.e.  eat 
plenty  and  drink  sparingly.     34.  Santi 
che  -ano,  i.e.  who  have  their  faults  like 
other  men.     35.  —  la  strada,  to  devour 
the  ground,  i.e.  go  fast,  as  in  E.     36.  — 
il  pane  a  tradimento,  o  a  ufo,  not  to  earn 
one's  salary  fairly.    37.  —  pane  e  veleno, 
to  lead  a  very  uncomfortable  life. 


With  double  accusative,  -arsi ;  this 
is  stronger  than  — ,  and  implies  eager- 
ness or  greediness  ;  S'  e  -ato  un  pasticcio 
che  faceva  per  tre,  he  has  eaten  up  a 
pie  which  should  have  done  for  three. 

Phrases  with  -arsi:  38.  -arsi  1'  aiii- 
ma  o  il  cuore,  to  consume  one's  soul 
with  rage  or  hatred.  39.  -arsi  1'  erba.  e 
la  pagha  sotto,  to  consume  what  one 
has  without  consideration,  a  metaphor 
from  horses  which  eat  the  straw  of  their 
bedding.  40.  -arsi  i  guanti,  to  be  very 
much  pre-occupied.  41.  -arsi  le  las/re, 
to  take  to  the  road,  be  a  highway 
robber.  42.  -arsi  una  persona,  to  bully 
a  person,  overpower  him  with  words. 
43.  La  polvere  se  lo  -a,  he,  or  it,  is 
covered  with,  or  full  of  dust. 

As  sb. :  44.  act  of  eating.  45.  food, 
victuals. 

Mangiarino  m. ;  i.  little  repast. 
2.  dainty  dish. 

Mangiat-a  /  ;  hearty  meal.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Mangiaterra  m.  indecl.;  South  American  goat- 
sucker;  the  typical  species  is  the  great  ibijau  of 
Cayenne,  Nycttbivs  grandis. 

Mangiat-ina/;  dim.  of -a. 

Mangiatdia  /.  ;  i.  crib,  manger. 
2.  scherz.  dining-table ;  Alzare  la  — , 
to  provide  a  short  supply  of  food. 

Mangiat6io  »/.;  (mar.)  v.  Gatta  (8). 
Mangi-at6re  vbsb.  of  -are,  -at6na  angm.  of 
•ata,   -atoria  /.</.   Mangeria. 

Mangiatutti  ///.  indecl. ;  overbearing 
fellow. 

Mangiatutto  m.  indecl.  ;  spend- 
thrift. 

Mangiaiifo  in.  ;  vagabond,  v.  Man- 
giare  (36). 

Mangiavento  m. ;  (mar.)  fore  stay-sail,  or  in  a 
cutter,  foresail. 

Mangifera  f.\  (hot.)  mango-tree,  Mangifera 
indica. 

Mangi-me  w. ;  fodder.  -6ne  /«., 
-6na  _f.  ;  person  who  eats  too  much. 
-ucchiare  ;  to  eat  poorly. 

Mango  in. ;  a  species  of  humming  bird. 

Mangosta  m.  (Indian  word);  mongoose,  an 
Indian  and  African  animal  something  like  a  weasel, 
Herpestes  zebra. 

Manguro  in.;  a  Turkish  farthing. 

Mani  (A)  m.  pi.  (L.);  Manes,  shades  of  the 
departed. 

(B)  (bot.)  earth  pea-nut,  T.  Mano  (9). 

Mania_X  (A)(Gr.,  root  men,  to  think,  T.  Skcat, 
sub  Mind);  as  E. 

*(1')(L-  manes);  waxen  image  laid  on  an  altar  as 
a  votive  offering. 

Maniaco ;  as  E. 
*  Maniato  (var.  of  Miniato);  exact  (likeness). 

Manic-a  f.  (L.,  <  manus,  hand) ; 
i.  sleeve;  Questo  e  un  altro  paio  di 
-he,  =  E.  another  pair  of  shoes,  i.e.  dif- 
ferent affair;  Esser  di  larga  — ,  to  be 
easy-going,  as  a  priest  in  granting 
absolution,  or  as  a  writer  using  strange 
idioms  or  allowing  far-fetched  deriva- 
tions; Aver  roba  in  — ,  to  have  some- 
thing up  one's  sleeve ;  Que'  cne  non  va 
nelle  -he  va  ne'  gheroni,  in  the  skirts, 
i.e.  what  you  save  in  one  line  you  are 
sure  to  spend  in  another.  2.  —  d'  Ip- 
pocrate,  a  piece  of  filter-paper  twisted 
up  into  a  funnel  for  filtering  a  precipi- 
tate in  chemistry.  3.  chemical  furnace. 


MANICACCIA— MANNERINO 


355 


4.  collection  (of  ragamuffins  and  ras- 
cals). 5.  (mar.}  —  a  vento,  wind-sail, 
funnel  for  ventilating  the  engine-room 
of  a  steamer,  etc.  6.  hose.  7.  (in  old 
armour)  armlet.  8.  the  English  Chan- 
nel, so  called  by  the  French  from  its 
shape,  something  like  that  of  the  sleeve 
of  a  lady's  dress. 

*i.  troop  of  soldiers,  v.  Manipolo.  ii.  —  Manico, 
hilt. 

Manicacciay^;  pegg.  badly  made  sleeve. 
Manicaio  in.',  —  siliqua,  =Cannolicchio,  ra/or- 
shdl. 

•Manic-are  (v.  Mangiare);  to  eat.  -arsi  1'  un 
1'  altro  col  sale,  to  hate  each  other. 

Manicar^tto  tn.  •  tit-bit. 

*  Maniccey!  pl.\  (MOT.)  grips  on  the  oars  of  a 
galley. 

•Manicchia/;  part  of  the  apparatus  used  by 
bird  catchers  in  netting  birds. 

Manichei  in.  pi.;  Manicheans.  Manes  was  a 
Persian  of  the  3rd  century  who  held  that  the  world 
had  two  creators,  one  good  and  the  other  bad. 

Manichetta  /  (dim.  Manica)  ; 
i.  covering  for  the  fore-arm  used  by 
writers.  2.  ruffle,  cuff  on  the  sleeve  of 
a  dress.  3.  (mar.)  leather  hose  for 
filling  water-casks. 

Manicb.e'tt-o  m.  (dim.  Manico)  ; 
small  handle. 

*  i.  a  gesture  of  contempt  made  with  one  hand  on 
the  other  arm.     ii.    Alzarsi  i  -i,  to  do  one's  utmost, 
iii.  =  Manichino,  wristband. 

Manichino  m.  (A)  (dim.  Manica) ; 
I.  i.q.  Polsino,  wristband,  cuff,  esp.  of  a 
lady's  dress.  2.  ruffle,  usu.  made  of 
lace,  on  the  sleeve  of  a  cavalier's  coat, 
or  the  end  of  the  sleeve  itself  turned 
back  and  embroidered  or  covered  with 
velvet. 

(B)  (Fr.  mannequin,  of  Dutch  origin, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Manikin);  lay  figure  used 
by  painters. 

*i.  =  *Manichetto(i),  gesture  of  contempt,  ii.  Scri- 
vere  in  — ,  with  affectation,  iii.  =  Manicotto,  muff. 

Manico  m. ;  i.  handle,  helve  of  an 
axe,  neck  of  a  violin  or  any  instrument, 
musical  or  other  ;  Aveva  promesso 
aiuto  ma  ha  girato  nel  — ,  he  had  pro- 
mised help  but  failed  to  keep  his  word; 
Uscir  del  — ,  to  break  loose,  become 
violent.  Trovar  il  —  a  uno,  to  find  his 
weak  side;  Non  ha  — ,  there  is  no 
getting  round  him.  2.  —  di  coltello, 
razor-shell  fish,  v.  Cannolicchio. 

Manicbmio  m.  (Gr.  fiavia,  madness, 
Ko/ie'w,  to  take  care  of) ;  asylum. 

Manicdna/  (augm.  Manica) ;  large 
loose  sleeve. 

Manicdne  ;«. ;  i.  augm.  Manica, 
but  more  than  Manicona,  an  enormous 
sleeve.  2.  augm.  Manico,  a  large 
handle. 

Manicottino  ;«. ;  child's  muff. 

Manicott-o  m.  (dim.  Manica) ; 
I.  lady's  muff  for  the  hands  ;  II  dl 
d"  ognissanti  -i  e  guanti,  i.e.  on  All 
Saints'  day,  Nov.  i,  take  to  winter 
clothing.  2.  (mar.)  pipe,  lining  ;  -i 
degli  occhi  d'  ormeggio,  hawse-pipes ; 

-  per    passaggio    di    manovra,   fair- 
leader.     3.  —  d'  accoppiamento,  coup- 
ling-box in  machinery. 

*  Mantcottolo  ;//.;  long  loose  sleeve. 
*Manicriato  in. ;  V.  Manuscristo. 


Manier-ayl;  manner.     Aff.  -&cc\*  pegg. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  maniere,  Provenc,  tnaneira, 
Span.  martera  ;<some  bit.  variant  of  L.  mammriiis, 
handy,  v.  Mano  ;  cp.  Maneggiare. 

Manierat-o;  affected.  Pitlore  —  .mannerist. 
Aff.  -amente. 

*  Maniere    (par.    of    Maniero)  ;    i.    convenient. 
ii.jvaliant.  iii.  well-mannered,  iv.  as  j/>.,  manor  house. 

•Manieri  (  A)  f.  ;  =  Maniera.     (Ii)   /«.;=  Mani- 
ere (iv). 

Manier-inayC;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a,  nice  manner. 
Manier-ismo  in.  ',  mannerism.     Aff.  -ista. 

*  Man  iero  (A)  (cogn.  to  Maniera);  i.  well-trained 
(hawk,  horse,  etc.).     ii.  affable. 

(B)  (late  L.  manerium,  <  L.  matter?)',  manor 
house. 

Manier-6na  yl;  aitgrtt.  of  -a,  clumsy  manner. 

Manier6s-o  ;  well-mannered.  Aff. 
-ino  dim.  vezz. 

Manier-uccia./;  dim.  spreg.  of  -a,  silly  air. 
tManifatoli  m.  pi.;  pudding. 

Manifatt6r-e  m.  ;  i.  workman;  Ora 
ci  ho  i  -i  alia  villa  e  bisogna  che  ci  stia 
da  me,  I  have  got  the  workmen  in  the 
house  and  must  stop  at  home.  2.  manu- 
facturer. Aff.  Manifattrice. 

Manifattur-ayC;  i.  manufacture.  2.  manu- 
factory. 3.  cost  of  manufacture.  4.  ready  made 
lady's  dress,  Fr.  confection,  which  term,  or  its  Italian 
equivalent  Confezione,  is  more  commonly  employed 
in  shops.  Aff.  -Sere  adj. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  manufacture.  Span,  metnu- 
factura,<m\t.  manufactura,  coined  from  L.  martu, 
factus. 

Manifestfno  m.  ;  short  advertise- 
ment, small  placard. 

Manif&st-o;  i.  as  E.  2.  as  s6.,  pub- 
lic announcement,  poster.  3.  document 
containing  articles  of  association. 
4.  (mar.)  —  di  carico,  ship's  manifest. 

Aff.  -amente,  -are  vb.  ,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.  mani/estiis,  lit.  palpable,  seizable 
with  the  hand,  <  manus,  -festus,  the  latter  element 
prob.  the  same  as  in  the  word  infestus,  hostile,  of 
unknown  origin.  Derivation  homfettdere,  to  strike, 
has  been  suggested  but  does  not  seem  very  satis- 
factory, v.  Skeat,  sub  Manifest,  Walde,  sub  Infestus. 

Manigli-a/  (L.  manicula,  dim.  of 
manus)  ;  I.  handle,  of  a  drawer  or  door, 
bell-pull,  etc.  2.  shackle,  link  with  a 
movable  bolt  for  joining  or  separating 
two  lengths  of  chain.  3.  in/>/.,  the  iron 
holders  from  which  a  carriage  on  C 
springs  is  slung.  4.  the  second  best 
trump  at  the  game  of  Ombra,  the 
"  manille." 

*i.  bracelet,     ii.  in//.  =Manette,  handcuffs. 
Aff,  -are  to  shackle,  -etta  or  -na,  dims. 
Manigli6ne  m.\  i.  handle  on  the  barrel  of  an 
old  sort  of  cannon,      a.    shackle   of  an   anchor,  v. 
Manielia  (2). 

*  Manignone  m.\  chilblain  on  the  hand. 

Manig61d-o  m.  ;  i.  villainous  ruffian. 
2.  (hist.)  executioner.  Aff.  -a/,  -accio 


Etym.  /V0£.<the  O.H.G.  proper  name  Mana- 
golt,  the  adoption  of  which  to  mean  executioner  may 
have  been  facilitated  by  the  word  men  (Comascan 
dialect),  dog-collar,  and  a  certain  likeness  between 
-golt  and  O.H.G.  waltan,  to  administer.  But  the 
connection  is  more  probably  purely  anecdotal  ;  the 
same  name  has  given  rise  to  the  E.  mangold-wurzel. 

*  Manila  /.;  cord. 

*  Manile  m.  ;  necklace. 

Maniluvio  m.  (coined  from  L.  manHs+lnv-,  as 
in  L.  alluviare,  cp.  Pediluvio  ;  for  root  £770,  to  wash, 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  755);  medicated  bath  for  the 
hands  with  the  object  of  relieving  congestion  in 
the  head. 

Manime'ssa  /  ;  beginning,  esp.  the 
first  broaching  of  a  cask  of  wine. 

Manim^ttere  perf.  manomisi,  part. 
manomesso  (It.  mano,  mettere)  ;  to 
begin  using. 

*  Manirnorcia  ;  slovenly,  sluttish. 
Manim&rte,  //.  of  Manomorta,  morttnain. 


Manin-a  /  (dim.  vezz.  Mano) ; 
i.  little  hand.  2.  (hot.)  -e  della  Ma- 
donna, honeysuckle  flowers.  3.  figure 
of  a  hand  with  outstretched  finger  used 
in  a  book  or  on  a  placard  as  a  pointer. 

*Maninconia;=Malinconia,  melancholy. 

Manino  (dim.  Mano);  i.  m.  child's 
hand;  Baciar  — ,  to  kiss  hands  as  an 
acknowledgment  of  inferiority  or  re- 
spect; L'  hai  visto  il  nuovo  libro  del  G.  ? 
Eh  11,  caro  mio,  bisognar  baciar  — ; 
have  you  seen  G.'s  new  book  ?  To  be 
sure  I  have,  my  dear  fellow,  I  greet  it 
with  reverence.  2.  adj.,  applied  to  a 
cat  or  rat  as  in  the  following,  II  polio 
della  madia  1'  avra  mangiato  il  gatto? 
Oh,  dite  piuttosto  un  gatto  — ;  has  the 
fowl  in  the  cupboard  been  eaten  by  the 
cat?  Oh,  by  a  cat  with  hands,  i.e. 
somebody  stole  it. 

Mani6c  or  Manidco  m.  (native  Brazilian 
word);  (bat.)  manioc,  Jatroplta  ma-nihot,  the  root 
of  which  furnishes  tapioca. 

*  Maiiipolare  ;  i.  belonging  to  a  Manipolo,  or  to 
a  single  soldier,     ii.  as  sb.,  soldier. 

Manipol-are  itui.  tnanipolo ;  to  manipulate, 
Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Manipol-etto  m.\  dim.  of -o. 

Manipolo  m.  (L.,  <  manus  +  -plere, 
to  fill,  v.  Pieno) ;  i.  handful,  as  much 
as  a  reaper  can  grasp  with  his  hand, 
cp.  Mannello.  2.  maniple,  a  sort  of 
scarf  worn  on  the  left  arm  by  a  priest 
when  saying  mass.  3.  (Rom.  hist.}  the 
third  part  of  a  cohort. 

*  i.  handle,     ii.  Baciar  il  — ,  to  kiss  the  rod. 
Maniscalco  m. ;=Manescalco,  farrier. 

•Manitengolo  m. ;  =  Manutengolo,  hold-fast, 
t  Manizza/;;  =  Maniglia. 

Manna  /  ;  (A)  (Hebrew  word, 
either  <man  ku,  what  is  this,  or  else 
<  man,  a  gift) ;  i.  manna.  2.  fig.  deli- 
cacy. 3.  -  celeste,  the  Eucharist. 
4.  the  inspissated  juice  of  the  flowering 
ash,  Ornus  Europea,  and  many  other 
kinds  of  tree,  used  as  a  purgative ; 
—  del  Monte  Sinai,  an  exudation  from 
the  Tamarix  gallica  or  mannifera,  on 
its  puncture  by  an  insect,  the  Coccus 
manniparits,  which  serves  the  Arabs  as 
food.  5.  the  word  has  been  applied  to 
clouds  of  butterflies  at  Florence. 

(B)  (L.  manua,< manus) ;  =Covone, 
or  Mannello,  sheaf  or  bundle  of  corn  or 
straw. 

Mannai-a  f.  (L.  manuaria,  <  ma- 
nus) ;  i.  headsman's  axe,  knife  of  the 
guillotine.  2.  kitchen  chopper  or  other 
heavy  knife. 

Aff.  -etta  dint. ;  t-ola  axe  or  bill-hook ;  -one 
angnt.',  -uolo  dim.,  hatchet. 

Mannaro  (prob.  <**  maninrius,  <  L. 
mania,  ghost,  akin  to  manes  shades  of 
the  deceased) ;  Lupo  —  i.  were-wolf, 
the  cannibal  wizard  of  the  folk-lore  of 
many  countries.  2.  pop.  for  epileptic 
fit.  3.  bogey. 

tMannatay:;=Mannello,  sheaf. 

Mannell-a  /.;  i.  =  Mannello.  2.  Una  —  di 
spago,  a  skein  of  pack. thread  wound  upon  the 
fingers.  Aff.  -etta  -ina  dims. 

Mannell-ino  in. ;  dim.  of -o. 

Mannello  m.  (dim.  Manna,  B)  ; 
handful  of  hay  or  straw  tied  up  in  a 
bundle. 

Mannerino  m.  {prob.  for  **Mennerino,  dim. 
of  Menno) ;  fat  wether. 

*i.  castrated  singer,  ii.  lackey,   iii.  spy.   iv.  judge. 

4S—2 


356 


MANNO— MANO 


*Manno  in.  ory^;  =  Mannello,  sheaf. 
*  Mannocchi-a  f.,  -o  «/.  (I,,  manuculti,  long 
sleeve,  <rtmnus);   faggot,  fascine. 

Man-o,  or  pop.  Mana,  /,  //.  mani 
or  pop.  mane  (L.  maims,  root  mtr,  to 
measure,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Manual)  ;  hand. 

Secondary  meanings :  i.  disposition  ; 
Ai  compliment!  non  ci  ho  la  • — ,  I  am 
not  much  given  to  compliments.  2.  wash 
or  coat  of  paint;  —  del  fondo,  bottom 
coat.  3.  at  cards,  the  lead ;  Questa 
volta  la  —  tocca  a  me,  this  time  it  is 
my  lead  ;  Esser  di  — ,  to  have  the  lead  ; 
Passar  la  — ,  to  pass.  4.  small  quan- 
tity ;  (a)  handful  of  troops,  (b)  six  eggs, 
being  the  number  which  the  two  hands 
can  hold,  Sono  cinquanta  -i,  there  are 
three  hundred  eggs,  (c)  quire  of  paper, 
twenty-four  sheets.  5.  as  a  demand  for 
proof,  —  alle  prove  e  meno  discorsi, 
bring  up  your  proofs  and  have  done 
with  talking.  Also  as  a  command 
generally,  --  alle  spade,  draw  your 
swords ;  —  a  dirgliele,  give  him  a  bit 
of  .your  mind.  6.  Aver  la  —  a  una 
cosa,  to  be  able  to  do  it ;  Aver  la  —  in 
una  cosa,  to  have  a  hand  in  it.  7.  hand- 
writing, v.  infra  (66).  8.  -i  in  — ,  v. 
infra  (43);  -  -  che,  or  Di  —  in  - 
che,  v.  infra  (31).  9.  (bot.)  in  pi., 
ground  nut,  v.  Cece  (7). 

Phrases  :  10.  A  — ,  hand-made  ; 
Torchio  a  — ,  hand-press;  A  —  a  — , 
(a)  successively,  (b)  just  as;  A  —  a  — 
che  vengono  fateli  passare,  as  they  come 
along  make  them  pass  on ;  (c)  little  by 
little;  (d)  A  — ,  at  hand,  handy;  also 
alia  — ,  or  sotto  —  ;  (e)  A  — ,  in  hand, 
in  course  of  being  made;  (f)  A  - 
avanti,  =  A  scambia  — ,  hand  over 
hand.  1 1.  Alia  — ,  affable,  easy  to  get 
on  with.  12.  Allargar  la  — ,  to  be 
liberal ;  Allargar  le  -i,  to  pardon.  13.  Al- 
zar  le  -i,  to  threaten,  or  actually  to 
strike  a  blow.  14.  Senz'  arle  ne  parte 
alle  -i,  without  any  handicraft  or  occu- 
pation. 15.  Avere  a  — ,  to  have  on 
hand,  to  have  something  going  which 
one  has  begun  to  consume,  e.g.  a  barrel 
of  beer.  16.  (a)  Di  bassa  — ,  of  low 
degree,  in  humble  position,  (b)  Far 
bassa  — ,  (a)  to  kill,  give  no  quarter, 
(/3)  to  smash  up ;  Invasero  il  giardino  e 
fecero  man  bassa  su  ogni  cosa,  they 
broke  into  the  garden  and  smashed 
everything.  17.  —  benedetta,  (a)  en- 
chanted hand,  which  does  successfully- 
whatever  it  attempts,  esp.  in  matters  of 
domestic  economy,  (b)  Benedette  quelle 
-i,  blessed  be  the  hands  (which  have 
given  me  the  punishment  1  deserved). 
1 8.  —  della  briglia,  left  hand  ;  Un  vet- 
turino  cieco  dalla  —  della  briglia,  a 
driver  blind  of  the  left  eye.  19.  Aver 
le  -i  bucate,  or  forate,  to  be  extravagant. 
20.  (a)  Aver  buono  in  — ,  to  be  sure  of 
one's  position,  in  possession  of  clear 
proofs.  Similarly,  Aver  tanto  in  — , 
with  the  same  meaning,  (b)  Buona  — , 
or  as  one  word  Buonamano,  gratuity, 
"tip."  21.  -i  di  burro,  i.e.  hands  which 
let  everything  fall,  butter-fingers. 
22.  («)  Aver  la  —  ne'  capelli  a  uno, 


i.e.  to  have  him  in  one's  power,  (6)  Cac- 
ciarsi  le  -i  ne'  capelli,  i.e.  to  be  tearing 
one's  hair  in  desperation.  23.  Caricare 
la  — ,  to  exaggerate,  to  over-emphasize 
one's  words,  or  to  punish  too  severely. 
24.  Far  cascare  il  pan  di  — ,  to  make 
the  bread  drop  from  the  hand,  i.e.  to 
deliver  a  tiresome  discourse.  25.  Cavare 
di  —  altrui  una  cosa,  (a)  to  wheedle  a 
thing  out  of  him  ;  Cavar  di  —  altrui  un 
ceffone,  to  obtain  a  cuff;  La  sua  in- 
solenza  avrebbe  cavato  di  —  un  ceffone 
anche  a  San  Francesco,  his  insolence 
would  have  provoked  even  St  Francis 
to  strike  him  ;  (6)  Cavare,  or  Levare  le 
-i  di  qualchecosa,  to  take  the  hands  off 
it,  to  finish  it ;  E  un  uomo  che  non  cava 
le  -i  di  nulla,  he  is  one  that  ne^er 
finishes  anything.  26.  Ceilere,  or  Dar£ 
altrui  la  — ,  to  seat  him  on  one's  right 
side  in  the  place  of  honour,  or  Jig.  to 
allow  him  precedence  in  any  matter; 
Nella  lingua  italiana  gli  cedo  la  — ,  I 
allow  that  he  knows  Italian  better  than 
1  do.  27.  Con  le  -i  a  cintola,  with  the 
hands  in  the  girdle,  =  with  his  hands  in 
his  pockets,  doing  nothing.  28.  Colpo 
di  — ,  =  Fr.  coup  de  main,  taking  a  place 
by  assault.  29.  Cuore  in  — ,  of  a 
straightforward  character,  cp.  E.  wear- 
ing his  heart  upon  his  sleeve.  30.  Dare 
la  —  ;  (a)  v.  supra  (26) ;  (b)  Dare  di  —  a, 
to  lake,  take  up ;  (c)  Dare  le  -i  nel 
viso,  to  hit  a  person  in  the  face ;  (d)  Dare 
alia  — ,  to  pay  a  certain  sum  on  account ; 
(e)  Possono  darsi,  or  stringers!  la  — , 
of  two  rogues  who  have  similar  vices. 
31.  Di  —  in  — ,  successively;  Di  —  in 

—  che  arrivano  i  libri  distribuiteli  negli 
scaffali,  every   time   that   books   come 
arrange  them  on  the  shelves.   32.  Pren- 
der  in  —  il  dizionario  che  ci  suona  in 
bocca,  to  take  the  dictionary  that  comes 
from  the  mouth,  i.e.  to  use  the  same 
words     in    writing     as     in     speaking. 

33.  Prendere  con  due  -i,  to  take  eagerly. 

34.  -i  in  fede,  design   of  two  clasped 
hands  on  a  ring.    35.  -\forate,  v.  supra 
(19).     36.    Dare  man  forte,  to  lend   a 
hand,  to  help.     37.  Fra  — ,  or  Tra  — , 
or  Per  le  -i,  with  the  verb  Avere,  to 
have  on  hand,   to  be   at  work   upon  ; 
Avete   ancora   terminate  quel    lavoro  ? 
No,   1'   ho   sempre    fra    — ,   have    you 
finished  that  job  yet?     No,  I  am  still 
at  it.     38.  Fuor  di  — ,  out  of  the  way ; 
Son  luoghi  fuor  di  —  e  pochi  ci  capi- 
tano,    they    are    out-of-the-way   places 
and  few  people  go  to  them.     39.  Far 
Gesfi  con  tre,  or  cento  -i,  to  return  the 
most  heartfelt  thanks.     40.    (jiuoco  di 

—  ;  (a]  sleight  of  hand,  trick ;  fig.  arti- 
fice ;   Professor!  che  con  giuochi  di  — 
danno  a  credere   agli   scolari    le   cose 
piii  assurde,  professors  who  trick  their 
pupils  into  believing  utter  absurdities; 
(6)  Giuochi,  or  Scherzi  di  — ,  unpleasant 
tricks.     41.  Giurare  nelle  -i  di,  to  make 
an  oath  before  (some  proper  authority). 
42.  Guadagnare,  Levare,  Pigliare,  Pren- 
dere, Rubare,  Togliere,  or  Vincere  la 
— ,  (of  a  horse)  to  get  out  of  control ;  I 
cavalli  della  carrozza  guadagnarono  la 


—  al  cocchiere  e  si  dettero  a  fuggire, 
the  carriage-horses  got  out  of  the 
coachman's  control  and  bolted.  43.  with 
the  prep.  In;  (a)  Con  le  -i  in  — ,  with 
folded  hands,  doing  nothing;  (b)  Ri- 
manere  colle  -i  in  — ,  to  get  nothing, 
be  disappointed;  (c)  Andare  da  uno 
colle  -i  in  — ,  to  pay  a  visit  with  empty 
hands,  to  offer  no  fee ;  (d)  Far  da  santo 
colle  -i  in  — ,  to  be  a  saint  by  idleness. 
44.  Metter  le  -i  innanzi  per  non  cadere ; 
(a)  to  put  the  hands  out  so  as  not  to 
fall,  i.e.  to  try  to  lay  the  blame  of  one's 
fault  upon  some  innocent  party,  or  to 
make  excuses  for  oneself  in  advance  ; 
(If)  Metter  le  -i  innanzi  a,  to  usurp  the 
prerogatives  of  (some  superior) ;  Non 
bisogna  metier  le  -i  innanzi  a  Dio, 
i.e.  God  must  be  judge,  we  must  not 
exercise  the  judgment  of  God.  45.  La- 
vorar  di  — ,  to  steal.  46.  Leslo  di  — , 
(fl)  thievish,  (d)  one  who  makes  indecent 
jokes.  47.  Levare  le  -i,  v.  supra  (25  b, 
and  42).  48.  Aver  le  -i  di  lolla,  to 
have  hands  of  chaff,  to  hold  nothing 
properly,  let  everything  drop,  v.  Lolla. 
49.  (a)  Aver  le  -i  lunglie ;  (a)  to  have  a 
long  arm,  ///.  hands,  i.e.  far-reaching 
authority;  (,8)  to  be  thievish;  Lo  ri- 
mandai  dal  servizio  perche  aveva  le  -i 
lunghe,  I  dismissed  him  for  his  thievish- 
ness  ;  (y)  always  to  manage  so  as  to 
accomplish  one's  purpose ;  (8)  to  be 
ready  with  one's  fists;  (b)  Di  lunga  — , 
as  an  adv.  (a)  by  a  long  way ;  Si  lascio 
di  lunga  —  addietro  tutti  gli  altri,  we 
left  all  the  rest  far  behind ;  (/3)  of  long 
standing,  of  ancient  date.  50.  Menar 
le  -i,  to  use  one's  fists.  51.  (a)  Metter 
le  -i  nelle  cose  altrui,  to  steal,  appro- 
priate to  oneself  unduly ;  (b)  Metter 
-  a,  to  begin  the  use  of,  e.g.  a  una 
botte,  to  tap  a  cask,  a  un  lavoro,  to 
begin  a  job.  52.  —  morta,  or  as  one 
word  Manomorta,  (leg.)  mortmain. 
53.  —  d'  opera,  (a)  the  work  of  manu- 
facturing an  article,  (b)  the  cost  of  the 
same.  54.  Sonare  a  otto  -i,  to  play  a 
double  duet,  with  two  pianos  and  two 
players  at  each.  55.  Portare  uno  in 
palma  di  — ,  (a)  to  be  much  attached 
to  him,  (b)  applied  to  a  thing,  to  boast 
of  it,  to  tell  everybody  about  it.  56.  Dar 

—  e passo,  to  give  way.     57.  Aver  le  -i 
in  pasta,  to  have  a  finger  (lit.  hands)  in 
the  pie.     58.    Per  le  -i,  i'.  supra  (37). 
59.  Con  le  -i  e  co'  piedi,  i.e.  by  every 
means  in  one's  power  ;  Menar  -i  e  piedi, 
to  use  every  possible  means.     60.  Pig- 
liare or  Prendere  la  — ,  v.  supra  (42). 
61.  Di  prima  — ,  v.  infra  (67).     62.  A 

—  regia,  in  the  name  of,  or  by  authority 
of  the  government.     63.  Rubare  la  — , 
v.  supra  (42).     64.  A  man  salva,  with 
impunity,  without  hindrance.  65.  Scher- 
zo di  — ,  v.  supra  (40  b).     66.  —  di 
scrilto,    or     simply    — ,    handwriting. 
67.  Di  prima,  Di  seconda,  Di  terza  — , 
(a)   purchase   from   the    manufacturer, 
the   wholesale    dealer   or  the    retailer 
respectively;   (b)  Di   seconda  or  terza 
— ,  fig.  for  second-hand  knowledge  or 
learning  given  out  as  original.    68.  Sopra 


MANOBALISTA— MANTIGLIO 


357 


— ,  (blow)  given  from  a  hand  raised 
above  the  shoulder.  69.  Sotto  — , 
(a)  underhand,  sneakingly  ;  (b)  within 
reach.  70.  Stringers i  la  — ,  v.  supra 
(30,  <?).  71.  Stare  alle  -i  di,  to  be 
dependent  upon.  72.  A  su'  — ,  (land) 
in  hand,  cultivated  by  the  owner. 

73.  Aver  tanto  in  — ,  v.  supra  (20,  a). 

74.  Tenere  di  —  a,  to  be  an  accomplice 
of.      75.    (a)   Far   toccare    con   — ,   to 
demonstrate  by  tangible  proof;  (b)  Toc- 
care altrui  la  — ,  to  give  him  a  gratuity. 
76.  Togliere\a.  — ,  v.  supra  (42).  77.  Tra 
— ,  ?'.  supra  (37).    78.  A  un  trar  di  — , 
within  a  stone's  throw.     79.  Andar  per 

-  di  tribunale,  to  go  to  law  (in  prefe- 
rence to  arbitration).  80.  Prender  tutla 
la  — ,  i.e.  to  seize  more  than  is  offered  ; 
A  dargli  un  dito  prende  tutta  la  — , 
=  give  him  an  inch  and  he  will  take  an 
ell.  81.  Ultima  —,  final  touch  to  a 
work  of  art.  82.  Venire  alle  -i,  to  come 
to  blows.  83.  Vituere  la  — ,  (a)  to  be 
beforehand,  to  come  out  first ;  (6)  v. 
supra  (42). 

*i.  A  — ,  in  the  reign  of;  Si  fece  a  —  del  detto 
Papa  quel  palazzu,  that  palace  was  built  in  the  reign 
of  the  said  Pope.  ii.  A  —  a  — ,  immediately, 
ill.  Tener  la  —  al  ballo,  to  be  agreed,  iv.  Di 
buona  — ,  of  good  quality,  v.  A  man  chiusa,  with- 
out consideration,  vi.  La  —  del  cuore,  the  heart 
itself,  vii.  Andarsene  col  dito  e  colla  — ,  to  abuse 
a  person's  kindness,  -J.  snpra  (So),  viii.  Fare  a  — 
maestrati,  to  elect  officials,  ix.  =Ordine;  Avevano 
fatto...tre  mane  di  trincee  con  due  mane  di  cavalieri, 
they  had  made  three  rows  of  trenches  and  posted 
two  ranks  of  cavalry,  x.  set  of  five;  Venn  -i  di 
crazie,  a  hundred  crazie.  xi.  Di  mezza  — (  of 
medium  elevation,  xii.  Volta  — ,  =  Volta  carta, 
turn  over  the  page,  look  at  the  thing  differently, 
xiii.  Non  voltar  la  man  sossopra,  i.e.  be  quick 
about  it. 

*  Manobalista  m. ;  —  Manobalestro,  cross-bow. 

*  Manocchi-a  f.,   -o  m.',    earthworks,  v.  Man- 
nocchia. 

•Manoccia/i;  augm.  Mano. 

Manod&pera/ ;  v.  Mano  (53). 

*  Manoletto  >».;  =  Valletta,  valet. 

Manome'ssa  / ;  wine  from  a  cask 
newly  tapped. 

*  Manomessioncy!;    Senza  — ,  under  no  com- 
pulsion. 

Manomesso;  fart.  Manomettere. 

Man6metro  m.;  manometer,  pressure-gauge, 
//'/.  measurer  of  the  rarity  or  density  of  gases,  <C  Gr. 
/lacos,  rare. 

Manome'ttere ;  i.  =Manimettere, to 
begin  the  use  of.  2.  to  lay  hands  upon, 
i.e.  roughly,  to  ill-treat  (a  person),  to  lay 
waste,  plunder  (a  city).  3.  (Rom.  hist.) 
to  emancipate  a  slave. 

Manomissi6ne,  Manumissidne./;  liberation 
of  a  slave. 

Manombrta/  ;  mortmain,  v.  Mano 
(52). 

Man6na/  ;  augm.  Mano,  hand. 

Man6ne  ;«. ;  i.  i.q.  Manona,  but 
stronger,  an  enormous  hand.  2.  nick- 
name for  a  man  with  a  big  hand. 

Manbpola  /.  (L.  manupula) ;  i. 
gauntlet,  iron  glove  or  fencing  glove. 
2.  the  sleeve  of  a  coat  from  the  wrist  to 
the  elbow.  3.  the  corresponding  part 
of  a  fur  glove  that  extends  above  the 
wrist.  4-  elbow-rest  in  a  carriage. 

Manoscopio  »/.;  =  Manometro. 
Manoscntto  in.  ;  manuscript;  also  as  adj. 

Man6so  (It.  Mano);  soft,  yielding. 

*  Manotenente  «.;=Scttario,  a  revolutionary. 


•Manoten-enza  or  -enzione/.;  v.  Manuten- 
zione. 

*Manovaldo  w.;  =  Mondualdo,  guardian. 

Manovale,  Manuale  ;«. ;  builder's 
labourer. 

Manovella/i  (Manovello  m.) ;  short 
strong  lever  for  twisting  the  screw  of  a 
press  or  working  the  arm  of  a  coffee- 
mill,  barrel-organ  or  the  like,  hand- 
spike. 

•Manovile;  i.  =  Maneggevole,  handy,     ii.  com- 
mon, fit  for  use  by  servants. 

Man6vr-a  f.    ( L.    manus,   opera) ; 

1.  the  working  of  a  ship;  -e  del  pezzo, 
gun  drill;  —  a  fuoco,  firing  exercise. 

2.  manoeuvre  of  a  ship  or  fleet  or  of  a 
body  of  troops.     3.   in  pi.,  rigging ;  -e 
alte,  upper  rigging;   -e  fisse,  standing 
rigging;   -e  correnti,   running  rigijing; 
-e  passate  a  contro,  ropes  leading  for- 
ward ;  -e  passate  in  giro,  ropes  leading 
aft.     4.  the  working  of  any  machine  or 
collection  of  machinery  or  of  the  rolling 
stock  of  a  railway.     5.  manoeuvre. 

Manovrare  ind.  man5vro  ;  tr.  or 
intr.,  to  manoeuvre. 

Manovriero  m. ;  commander. 

Manritta,  Marritta  /;  the  right 
hand. 

Manritto,  Marritto;  ndj.,  right. 

Manrovescio,  Marrovescio,  //., 
Manrovesci,  m. ;  cuff  with  the  back  of 
the  hand. 

Mansalva ;  A  — ,  with  impunity, 
v.  Mano  (64). 

*  Mansare;  =  Ammansare,  to  tame. 

*  Mansatico ;  tax  on  a  Manso. 
*Mansionare;  to  allot  dwellings. 

Mansionariato  m.  (Mansioneria/) ; 
curacy. 

Mansionario  m. ;  curate. 

*  Mansionatico  m. ;  provision  by  the  vassal  for 
the    lodgment   of   his  lord's   retinue   when    passing 
through  his  property. 

Mansi6ne/  (L.,<»uinere,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.);  i.  that  which  belongs  per- 
manently to  a  person,  whether  work  or 
salary  or  dwelling-place.  2.  pilgrim's 
hostel.  3.  exact  address ;  Spero  che 
la  presente  lettera  colla  —  della  casa  e 
della  contrada  non  andra  come  1'  altra 
in  mani  poco  solliciti  di  restituire 
il  mal  tolto,  I  hope  this  letter  with 
house  and  street  exactly  given  in  its 
address  will  not  like  my  last  fall  into 
the  hands  of  people  not  very  anxious  to 
restore  what  does  not  belong  to  them. 
4.  stoppage,  halt. 

*  Mansioneria  /.',  i.q.  Mansionariato. 

*  Manso  (A)   m.   (L.    mansum,    v.    Mansione); 
farm,  enough  land  to  support  the  family  of  a  villein. 

(B)  (L.  mansus,  tame,  contr.  of  matUMctus, 
fart,  of  mansuesco,  to  tame,  lit.  to  accustom  to 
the  haml,<;;/rt««s,  siitsco,  v.  Assuefare);  gentle. 

Mansuefare  ind.  mansuefo,  ecc.,  v. 
Fare  ;  to  tame,  pacify. 

*  Mansuescere;  to  become  tame. 

Mansuet-o  (L.,  v.  Manso,  Ii) ;  gentle, 
mild.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -udine. 

•Mantac-are;  to  blow.  Aff.  -o,  =  Mantice, 
bellows. 

*  Mantadura  /.;•=  Ammantatura,  cloak. 

*  Mantanente  ;  =  Immantinente,  immediately. 

*  Mantarro  /«. ;  =  Tabarro,  cloak. 


Mantasenale,  Mantesenale  m. ;  (mar.) block 
with  its  tackle  for  hoisting  spars,  ustt.  Ghia. 
fMante  m.;  (wflr.)=Amante,  runner. 

Mant6ca  / ;  i.  pomatum.  2.  salt 
butter. 

Etym.  Span.  mant}ca,<\,.  mdntica,  bag.  The 
Arabs  used  bladders  or  bags  for  making  butter,  and 
their  practice  was  adopted  by  the  Spaniards.  They 
moved  the  accent  of  mantica  and  gave  the  name 
first  to  the  butter-bag,  then  to  the  butter.  The  L. 
word  meant  a  kind  of  saddle-bag  placed  across  the 
pack-animal  to  hang  down  on  both  sides,  and  is  akin 
to  mantltm,  v.  Manto. 

Mantecare  ind.  manteco  ;   to  mix 

ingredients. 

Mantellate///. ;  i.  a  semi-religious 
Order  of  women;  the  mother  of  Cath- 
erine of  Siena  was  one  of  its  members. 
2.  the  name  of  a  convent  at  Florence. 

Mantelle'tta  /.  (dim.  Mantello) ; 
I.  a  royal  mantle  covering  the  shoulders 
and  chest.  2.  a  similar  garment  for  other 
persons  or  for  images  of  the  Virgin 
in  churches,  the  same  as  Mantellina. 

Mantelle'ttO    m.    (dim.    Mantello)  ; 

1.  mantle,  cape.     2.    (mil.)  mantlet,  a 
sort  of  movable  breastwork  for  shield- 
ing men-at-arms  from  the  fire  of  the 
besieged  in  moving  up  to  the  assault  of 
a  place.  3.  a  similar  shelter  for  artillery- 
men.    4.  (w<?r.)  =  Batticoffa,  top-lining. 

Mantellina/;  i.  short  mantle  for 
ladies  and  certain  church  dignitaries. 

2.  cape    for    officers,    policemen,   etc. 

3.  covering   for   images    in    churches. 

4.  coat  of  lime  round  the  inside  of  the 
top  part  of  a  well. 

Mantell-o  m.  (L.  mantelium,  v.  Man- 
tile);  i.  cloak;  Voltar  — ,  usu.  Rivol- 
tar  la  giubba,  to  turn  one's  coat,  adopt 
different  opinions.  2.  coat  (of  a  horse 
or  other  animal)  with  reference  to  its 
colour;  Prov.  Se  il  cavallo  e  buono  e 
bello  non  guardar  razza  o  — ,  if  the 
horse  is  good  and  handsome  never 
mind  its  breed  or  the  colour  of  its  coat. 

*i.  Cavarne  cappa  o  — ,  to  produce  (from  the 
materials  provided)  either  cloak  or  cape,  i.e.  to  come 
to  a  decision,  ii.  Orlare  il  cappello  sotto  it  — ,  to 
trim  the  hat  under  the  cloak,  i.t.  to  lay  traps, 
iii.  Portar  doppio  — ,  to  wear  a  double  cloak,  i.e. 
to  speak  according  to  one's  interest,  iv.  Sotto  — , 
secretly ;  Uomo  da  due  -i,  cunning,  v.  Cacar  le 
civette  -i,  (.tit.)  the  droppings  of  owls  to  be  mantles, 
as  a  description  of  a  place  where  life  is  very  easy. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -are  to  cover  with  a  cloak, 
-ino  dim.,  esf.  a  baby's  baptismal  cloak,  or  that 
worn  by  the  victims  at  an  auto-da-fe,  -one  ajigtrt., 
-6tto  dim.,  -ucciaccio  dim,  spreg.,  -uccio  dim. 

*  Mantenente;  =  Immantinente,  immediately. 
Manten-ere  hid.   mantengo,  ecc.,  v.   Tenere; 

to  maintain.     Aff.  -ibile,  -imento,  -itore,  -tora. 

Mantesenale;  v.  Mantasenale. 
t  M  ant  icciare ;  =  Mantigliare. 
fManticci-eray:,  -ero  m. ;  =  Mantiglio. 

Mdntic-e  (Mantico)  m.  (L.  mantica, 
bag,  v.  Manteca);  i.  bellows.  2.  hood 
of  a  carriage.  3.  Alzare  i  -i,  to  be  a  spy. 

Aff.  -etto  -ino  dims.,  -idne  augm. 
*Mantic-iaio    m. ;    bellows-maker.      *-o    m. ; 
bellows. 

•  Manticora/:;  a  beast  with  human  face. 

Mantiglia  /  ;  lady's  cloak,  Spanish 
mantilla. 

Mantigliare  ;  (mar.)  to  top,  support  by  a 
Mantiglio. 

Mantigli-o  m.,  -&/.',  (mar.)  lift,  a  rope  ex- 
tending from  a  mast-head  to  the  yard-arms  or  to 
the  outer  end  of  a  spanker  boom,  and  serving  to 
support  the  weight  of  such  yard  or  boom,  ?'  Paasch, 
Diz.  Mar.,  plate  101.  16  and  25. 


358 


MANTIGLIONE— MARCHESITA 


Mantigli6ne  m.t  augm.  of  Mantiglia,  large 
cloak  for  a  lady,  usu.  with  a  hood. 

*Mantile  m.  (L.,  v.  Manto);  coarse  table-cloth. 

*  Mantinente ;  immediately. 

Mantino  m. ;  r.  dim.  Manto.  2.  silk  for 
linings. 

tMantisello  m. ;   (tnar.)  —   di  terzarolo,   reef- 
tackle. 

Mantissa  /  (L.  mantissa^  adjunct);  (math.) 
as  E. 

Manto  m.  (A)  (mlt.  mantunt,  a 
word  stated  by  Isidore  to  be  Spanish  in 
origin;  if  so  it  would  be  the  same  as 
Manto);  i.  mantle,  esp.  regal  mantle; 
II  gran  — ,  that  of  the  Pope.  2.  horse's 
coat.  3.  top  piece  of  the  centering 
which  supports  an  arch  while  it  is  being 
built. 

*  i.  skin  of  a  snake,    ii.  lady's  full  sweeping  dress. 
*(B)  (fogn.  Fr.  maint,  of  doubtful  origin,  possibly 

contr.  from  **  tainanto,  <C  L.  tatn  magitusjrtantust 
cp.  Span,  tatnaflo,  of  such  and  such  size);  many. 

Mant6  w.;  =  Fr.  manteau,  cloak. 
*Mantore(lr.  inanteore);  often. 

Mantovano;  II  — ,  Virgil,  who  was  born  in 
MaiUna. 

Mantrice  ;«.;  pop.  for  Mantice,  bellows. 

Mantrugiare  (prob.  for  **mantru- 
gliare  <  L.  manus  4-  trulla,  v.  Intrugli- 
are);  to  finger  over,  feel  about. 

*  Manualdo  m. ;  =  Manovaldo,  guardian. 
Manual-e;  i.  sb.  or  adj. , as  L.    2.=Manovale, 

builder's  labourer.     Aff.  -etto,  -ino  dims.  vezz. 

*Manubal-estro  or  -ista  m.  (L.);  hand  cross- 
bow. 

Maniibrio  m.  (L.,  <  manus,  with  in- 
strumental suffix,  T/.  -bro,  supra  in  loco) ; 
handle-bar. 

fManucano    (It.    manucare,   v.    Mangiare) ;  = 
Torvo,  scowling. 

*Manucare;  to  eat,  v.  Mangiare. 
Manuccia/;  dim.  vtzz.  Mano. 
Manucodiata  f.  (native  name,  meaning  "bird 
of  God");    the  Paradisea  apoda  or  footless  bird  of 
Paradise  (a  name  which  arose  from  the  fact  that  the 
skins  which   were  first   brought  over  were   without 
the   legs,  and  so  gave  rise  to  many  curious  fables 
about  the  mode  of  life  of  such  strange  birds). 

Manuello,  Manuelle;  short  for  Emanuele. 
*Manufatto;  hand-made. 

•Manufattolo,  //.  Manifattoli,  m.\   a  kind  of 
pudding  made  of  chestnut-flour  or  maize. 

tManuglio  in.\  (war.)=Candeliere,  stanchion. 

*  Manumissione  f.\  \.  beginning,  v.  Manomet- 
tere.     ii.  ~  Manomissione,  liberation  of  a  slave. 

Manus;  in  the  Latin  phrase,  said  to  a  person 
who  is  too  prying,  Nee  manus  in  arc&  nee  oculus  in 
cartd,  neither  hand  in  desk  nor  eye  on  paper. 

*  Manuscristo   (Manicristo)   m. ;    a    confection 
used  in  the  preparation  of  certain  pills. 

*  Manutenere;  to  lead  by  the  hand. 

Manutdngolo  m.  ;  i.  accomplice. 
2.  go-between  in  a  love  affair. 

Manutenzidne  /  ;  maintenance  of 
a  building  in  good  repair. 

Man-uzza,  -lizzola  / ;  dims,  of 
Mano. 

Manza/  ;  -v.  Manzo.    *sweetheart. 

*Manzanay:  (for  **Mantiana,  <  Manto,   B)  ; 
quantity,  large  number. 

Manzina  f.\  a  sort  of  bastard  fallow,  arable 
land  which  is  being  used  as  pasture  in  the  rotation 
of  its  crops  so  as  to  give  it  a  rest. 

Etym.  dub.  Either  <  L.  manure,  to  remain, 
through  bit.  mansus,  v.  Manso  (A),  or<  It.  manzo, 
because  serving  as  pasture  for  cattle. 

*  Manzione./;  i.q.  Mansione,  office,  function. 

Manz-0  ;;/.,  -a/,  (var.  of  Manso,  B) ; 

1.  calf  after  it  has  shed  its  milk  teeth. 

2.  beef.     tPesce  — ,  v.  Notidano. 

Manzon-iano;  of  Manzoni.  Aff.  -ianismo, 
-ismo. 

*  Manzotta^  {dim.  Manza);  heifer. 
Mao  or  Mau  ;  cat's  mew. 
Maomett-o;  Mahomet.     Aff.  -ano,  -ismo. 
Madna./  (Arabic  m&h&n>  pot,  cp.  Vascello< 

L.  vas);  punt,  barge. 

Maonare  itia.   maono;   to  scull,  i.e.  propel  a 


boat  with  a  sort  of  wriggling  movement  of  one  oar 
which  is  kept  in  a  rowlock  at  the  stern. 

Madnia  /.;  (bat.)  a  species  of  berberis. 
*Mapale  m.  (L,);  =  Tugurio,  hut. 

Mappa/  (L.  mappa,  napkin,  stated 
by  Quintilian  to  be  a  Phoenician  word) ; 
map. 

*i.  table-cloth.     ii.^Bandella,  iron  strap. 

Mappam6ndo  m. ;  i .  globe.  2.  = 
Pianisferio,  map  of  the  world.  3.  scherz* 
the  buttocks. 

*Mappetto  rtt.;=  Bandelletta,  clasp. 

*  Mappulario  «f.;  =  Cubiculario,  Papal  chamber- 
lain. 

*Mapputo;    made   into  a  cloth.      Cotone  — , 
cotton  cloth. 

Mara_A;  a  Patagonian  rodent  resembling  a 
cavy. 

*  Marabatto  :  v.  Marabotto. 

*  Marabottino  m. ;  an  old  coin,  less  than  a  florin. 
*Mara-botto,  -batto,  -button.;  storm-sail. 

Marabii  M.  ;  i.  down  of  an  African  heron. 
2.  a  species  of  stork. 

Marabuto  ;«.  (Arabic  murabitt  quiet,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.)\  marabout,  priest  of  a  mosque. 
•Marabutto;  v.  Marabotto. 

Maracaia  ;//. ;  a  species  of  American  leopard. 

Marachella  /  (a  dim.  from  the 
stem  of  p.H.G.  marrjan^  u.  Skeat,  sub 
Mar);  trick. 

Maramao;  v.  Marameo. 

Marame  m.  (ctym.  dub.,  possibly  < 
**  materiameri]  ;  residues,  quantity  of 
rubbishy  stuff. 

Maram-eo,  -ao ;  an  exclamation  in  imitation 
of  the  mew  of  a  cat  by  way  of  calling  a  man  a  fool. 

Marang-o  m.  \  pop,  for  Marengo,  napoleon, 
twenty  franc  piece.  Aff.  -hlno  dim.  vezz.,  -one 
augjn. 

Marang6ne  ;;/. ;  (A)  v.  Marango. 

(B)  (var.  of  Mergone,  cp.  Sardinian 
dial.  Margone,  Sicilian  Marguni  and 
Maraguni) ;  i.  cormorant,  Phalacro- 
corax  carbo,  also  termed  Cormorano, 
Corvo  acquatico,  Corvo  di  mare.  2.  - 
col  ciuffo,  green  cormorant,  Phalacro- 
corax  graculus.  3.  (mar.)  diver,  man 
who  works  under  water. 

t(C)=Legnaiolo,  carpenter. 

Marantay?  (after  Maranti,  a  Venetian  botanist 
of  the  i6th  century);  a  genus  of  American  plants,  the 
roots  of  which  furnish  arrow-root,  v.  Erba  (43). 

Marasca_/C;  =  Amarasca,  the  cherry  from  which 
maraschino  is  made. 

*  Marascalco  m.  ;  =  Manescalco,  farrier. 
Maraschino  /;/.;  as  E. 
Marasmo  »i.  (Gr.,  v.  Marcire);  as  E. 

*  Marasso  m.\  viper. 
*Maratay:;  tidal  wave. 

*Maravalde,    Maravalle;    the   valley  of   the 
shadow  of  death.     Andare  a  — ,  to  die. 

tMaravea  f. ;    (mar.)    fairleader,    v.    Paasch, 
plate  107,  no.  20. 

Maravedi,  Maravedfno  m.  (Arabic,  from  a 
gold  coin  first  struck  during  the  dynasty  of  the 
Almoravides  at  Cordova,  1094—1144);  a  Spanish 
copper  coin,  less  than  a  centesimo. 

Maravigli-a,  Meravigli-a  /  (L. 
mirabilia^<mirari^  to  gaze  at,  orig.  to 
marvel  at,  cp.  mirus  wonderful,  V.  Skeat, 
sub  Smile);  i.  marvel;  A  — ,  marvel- 
lously. 2.  a  variety  of  grape  or  vine, 
also  known  as  Maravigliosa.  3.  (dot.) 
—  di  Spagna,  (a)  three-coloured  amar- 
anth, Amaranthus  tricolor,  also  termed 
Erba  pappagallo;  (d)  marvel  of  Peru, 
Mirabilis  jalapa^  also  termed  Mara- 
viglia  del  Peru,  Bella  di  notte,  Gelso- 
mino  di  notte. 

Aff,  -abile,  -accia  Ptgg. ,  -amento,  -are  to  astonish, 
-arsi  to  wonder,  -evole,  -osamente,  -oso. 

fMaravizzo  in.\  rainbow  fish,  ?>.  Donzella  (2,  b\ 

Marazz-o    ?//.    (cogn.    Fr.    marais, 


L.  mare, 
sea);  swamp.     Affi  -<5so. 

Marc  !  =  Marcia  !  march  ! 

Marca/  ;  i.  border  district,  march ; 
Le  Marche,  the  Marches,  a  name  be- 
longing specifically  to  a  part  of  the  old 
Papal  States  which  is  also  known  as 
the  Marca  d'  Ancona.  Several  other 
provinces  are  also  called  Marches,  both 
in  and  out  of  Italy,  e.g.  Marca  trivigiana, 
the  Mark  of  Treviso,  a  part  of  Venetia, 
Marca  d'  Istria,  now  part  of  the  Austrian 
territory,  Marca  di  Brandeburgo,  part 
of  Prussia.  2.  mark  placed  upon  books, 
linen,  etc.,  or  branded  upon  an  animal 
or  made  accidentally  or  designedly  upon 
a  man,  mark  of  manufacture,  trademark, 
etc.  3.  token  given  to  the  owner  of  an 
article  and  to  be  handed  back  when  the 
article  is  given  up.  4.  —  da  bollo,  con- 
tract stamp  or  receipt  stamp.  5.  mark, 
as  a  monetary  measure,  which  in  the 
case  of  silver  was  about  a  pound  weight. 
6.  (mar.}  buoy,  beacon. 

•district,  any  part  of  a  country.  Donf>  a  questo 
buon  vescovo  molte  castella  o  case  e  terre  ch'  ell' 
aveva  in  questa  marca  di  Toscana,  =  in  this  part  of 
Tuscany. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  marcka,  boundary,  akin  to 
L.  marge  \  the  sense  of  boundary  suggested  that 
of  mark  to  indicate  a  boundary,  and  so  that  of  mark 
generally,  becoming  specialised  again  in  the  sense 
of  a  coin  of  given  weight. 

Marcantoni-a_/I,  -o  m.\  a  fine  man  or  woman 
but  of  florid  appearance. 

Marcapunti  m.\  shoemaker's  tool  for  marking 
the  sole  of  a  boot  along  the  margin  of  the  upper 
leather. 

Marcare;  i.  to  mark.  2.  (mar.)  to 
place  a  beacon. 

*  to  march  with,  border  upon. 

Marcassita(Margassita)y;,  Marchesitto  m. 
(Span.  ?ttarca.<n'ta,< Arabic,  cp.  Arabic  ntarkaznt,  to 
explore  minerals);  marcassite,  white  iron  pyrites. 

Marcatam^nte ;  in  a  marked  man- 
ner. 

Marcatdre  m. ;  marker  of  merchan- 
dise. 

Marcatura/;  i.  mark.  2.  marking. 
3.  fee  for  marking. 

Marc^llo;  i.  the  Roman  hero  al- 
luded to  by  Virgil ;  Dante's  verse, 
Purg.  6.  125,  Un  Marcel  diventa  Ogni 
villan  che  parteggiando  viene,  every 
churl  who  comes  to  play  the  partisan 
ranks  as  a  M  arcellus,  is  become  a 
quasi  proverb  for  a  man  who  re- 
ceives unmerited  honour  for  partisan- 
ship. 2.  a  Venetian  coin  first  minted 
under  the  Doge  Marcello,  worth  sixty 
centesimi.  3.  Fra'  diciotto  e'  dician- 
nove  c'  e  la  festa  a  San  — ,  a  phrase 
used  of  a  person  who  is  short  winded, 
with  a  play  of  words  upon  Fradicio  and 
also  between  Marcello  and  Marcio;  the 
expression  Che  Marcello  is  also  used  of 
a  person  in  punning  sarcasm  for  Che 
marcio,  what  a  despicable  fellow. 

Marcescfbile ;  perishable. 

Marches-e  m.  (mlt.  marckensis,  <  O.H.G. 
marchtii  v.  Marca);  i.  Marquis.  2.  (hist.)  Mar- 
grave. 3.  pop.  for  Mestruo. 

Aff.  -a  Marchioness  or  Margravine,  -accio 
-accia,  pegg.  of  -e  or  -a,  -ale  adj.,  -ato  marquisate 
or  the  marquises  of  a  place  collectively,  -Ino  dim. 
vezz.,  II  -ino  Eufemio,  a  type  of  ignorant  young 
nobleman  in  the  sonnets  of  Belli,  -one  aitgtrt.t  -onone 
atffftn.  sprfg.,  -uccio  dim.  sprfg. 

Marchesita_/:;  =  Marcassita,  pyrites. 


MARCHETTO— MARFORIO 


359 


Marchetto  Hi. ;  an  old  Venetian  coin  worth 
5  centesimi. 

Marchiano;  I.  descriptive  of  a  cer- 
tain large  hard  dark  cherry,  grown  near 
Ancona.  2.  =  Marchigiano,  belonging 
to  the  Marches,  v.  Marca  (i).  3.  huge, 
enormous,  esp.  of  a  blunder  or  piece  of 
awkwardness. 

Marchiare  ;  =Marcare,  to  mark. 

*  Marchigiana  f.~,  marchioness. 

Marchigid.no  ;  of  the  Marches,  v. 
Marca  (l). 

Marchl'no    tn.  ;      I.     dim.     Marco. 

2.  =  Ciuco,  donkey. 

Marchio  m. ;  mark,  esp.  the  mark 
branded  on  the  shoulders  of  cattle,  or 
formerly  on  the  forehead  of  a  criminal. 

tmovable  weight  of  a  steelyard. 
Marchiolino  m.;  dim.  Marchio. 
Marchionale;  marquisial. 

Marc-ia/  (A)  (Fr.  marche,  of  un- 
known origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)  ; 

1.  march ;   —  a  passo  ordinario,  slow 
march  ;  —  forzata,  quick  march ;  A  — 
forzata,   or    A    -e    forzate,    by    forced 
marches.      2.    (mar.)   way   of   a   ship. 

3.  (mus.)  march. 

(B)   (It.    marcire);    i.   pus,   matter. 

2.  in  the  phrase  A  —  forza  the  word  is 
f.  of  Marcio,  q.v.  (5). 

Marciaiayl;  (vet.)  rot,  in  cattle. 

Marciapiede,  pi.  marciapiedi,  m.  ; 
I.  foot-pavement,  side-walk.  2.  (mar.) 
in  //.,  foot-ropes  under  a  yard  for  the 
sailor  to  stand  on  when  furling  a  sail. 

Marciare  (A) ;  i .  to  march ;  —  a 
passo  ordinario,  a  passo  raddoppiato,  a 
passo  in  carica,  in  slow  time,  quick 
time,  at  the  double  ;  —  in  carrozza,  to 
drive  in  a  carriage,  i.e.  to  be  well  off; 
£  la  solita  arte  per  —  in  carrozza,  this 
is  the  usual  way  to  get  rich.  2.  (mar.) 
of  a  ship,  to  go. 

*(B);  to  cause  (a  thing)  to  putrefy. 

Marciata./ ;  i.  marching.  2.  march- 
music. 

*  Marcidaglia  f. ;    i.    the  soft    membrane   that 
holds  the  pips  of  a  melon,     ii.  =  Marciume,  rotten- 
ness. 

Marcido  (L.,v.  Marcire);  i.  rotting, 
half  rotten.  2.  drunk.  3.  (hot.)  descrip- 
tive of  the  softened  corolla  which  in 
some  plants,  e.g.  campanulas,  remains 
attached  to  the  receptacle  after  the 
development  of  the  seed. 

*  Marcievole  ;  corruptible,  in  biblical  sense. 

Marcime  m. ;  litter  thrown  out  from 
a  stall  to  form  manure. 

Marcino  m. ;  a  peculiar  wine  made  at  Carmi- 
gnano  in  Tuscany,  from  sweet  grapes  that  have 
begun  decomposition  before  being  picked. 

Mirci-o   (sync.  part,   of  Marcire)  ; 

1.  rotten;  Acqua  marcia,  putrid  water, 
but  Acqua  Marcia,  the  excellent  water 
brought  to  Rome  by  the  Marcian  aque- 
duct  from   the   hills    of   the    Abruzzi. 

2.  crumbling  (old  walls).    3.  of  animals, 
in  poor  condition.  4.  emphasizing  some 
bad  condition,  Tisico   — ,  in  the   last 
stage  of  consumption,  Briaco  — ,  more 
usu.  Briaco  fradicio,  beastly  drunk;  In- 
namorato  — ,   more   usu.    Innamorato 


cotto,  desperately  in  love ;  Perderla  -a, 
to  lose  a  "love"  game,  without  scoring 
at  all.  5.  A  -a  forza,  A  —  dispetto,  or 
Per  -a  necessita,  however  little  agree- 
able it  may  be ;  Lo  dovette  sposare  a 
—  dispetto,  she  was  compelled  to  marry 
him  entirely  against  her  will.  6.  as  s6., 
II  — ,  the  rotten  part  (of  a  pear,  etc.). 
7.  double  loss  at  any  game,  e.g.  a  gam- 
mon in  backgammon,  a  Rubicon  at 
picquet,  or  slam  at  bridge;  Scampare 
il  — ,  or  Uscir  del  — ,  to  save  such  a 
loss.  So  fig.  Uscir  del  — ,  or  Rompere 
il  — ,  to  break  a  run  of  ill  luck  in  one's 
career.  8.  Puzzo  di  — ,  a  smell  of 
decomposition. 

Marciolino  tn. ;  the  taste  or  smell  belonging  to 
"  Marcino"  wine. 

Marcioncello;  dim.  Marcio. 

Marci6so ;  purulent,  festering. 

Marc-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  fester. 
2.  of  meat,  to  go  bad  ;  of  wood,  to  go 
mouldy ;  of  a  wall,  to  begin  to  crumble. 
3-  fig-  (Pers-)  to  rot  Cn  prison)  ;  to 
suffer  from  an  unhealthy  trade  ;  Far  — , 
to  bring  (a  person)  to  despair.  Aff. 
-imento,  -itura. 

Etynt.  L.  tnarceo,  to  go  soft,  root  mar,  to 
injure,  cp.  Gr.  juapaiVu,  to  wither  away,  L.  mors, 
death,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Murder,  Mortal. 

Marcftay! ;  meadow  flooded  in  win- 
ter with  a  sheet  of  flowing  water  for  the 
purpose  of  protecting  the  grass  from 
frost. 

Marcit6io  m.  ;  i.  (in  paper  mills) 
troughs  where  rags  lie  to  rot.  2.  Prato 
— ,  i.q.  Marcita,  q.v. 

Marciume  m.  ;  i.  festering  sore. 
2.  the  pus  or  matter  therein.  3.  any 
collection  of  rotten  or  rotting  stuff. 

4.  (hyperb.)  a  damp  wall  or  damp  house. 

5.  fig.  rottenness  (of  a  corrupt  society). 

6.  Mai  di  — ,  =  Marciaia,  the  "rot"  in 
cattle  or  sheep. 

Marco  m.;  i.  San  — ,  St  Mark,  the 
patron  saint  of  Venice ;  hence,  Le  navi 
di  San  —  =the  ships  of  Venice;  Or- 
dine  di  San  — ,  an  order  of  chivalry  of 
the  Doges  of  Venice  with  the  motto 
Pax  tibi  Marce  evangelista  metis,  i.  To 
boys  who  are  teasing  for  a  story  may  be 
said  jestingly,  C  era  una  volta  —  Ri- 
volta,  like  our  I'll  tell  you  a  story  of 
Jack  o'  my  Nory.  3.  (pop)  donkey. 
4.  the  modern  German  mark,  =  12.5 
francs.  5.  Lettera  di  — ,  letter  of 
marque. 

*  i.    the  old   German  or  other  kinds  of  mark  of 
various  values ;    one  of   the   best    known   was    the 
Hanseatic    mark  =  1.50    francs ;    this    was    termed 
Marco  corrente.     ii.    —  di  banco,  a  unit  of  money 
of  account,  not  a  specific  coin.     iii.   a  kind  of  bank 
note.     iv.  =  Marchio,  a  mark  impressed  upon  some- 
thing to  distinguish    it.     v.  fig.   nature,  character ; 
il  —  illustre  delta  sua  dignita,  the  illustrious  character 
of  his  (sacred)  office,    vi.  the  counterpoise  of  a  Roman 
steelyard,     vii.    a  leaden  ticket  used  by  a  custom- 
house to  denote  that  duty  had  been  paid  on  an  article 
of  merchandise. 

*  Marcolf-a  f.,  -o  m. ;  =  Margolfa,  -o,  clumsy 
person. 

Marcordlla,  Mercorella  /.  (L.  Mercurialis); 

1.  (bot.)    (a)    annual    mercury,   t'.    Erba   (149,   /<); 
(b)  —  bastarda,  dog's  mercury,  Mercurialis  perennis. 

2.  Vino  che  ha  la  — ,  wine  that  is  spoilt  from  the 
prevalence   of  annual    mercury  amongst   the  vines, 
giving  it  a  bad  flavour. 

Mare  m.  (L.  mare,  akin  to  Germ.  Meer,  E. 
mere,  7'.  Skeat,  sub  Mere);  sea.  Mai  di  — ,  sea- 


sickness. II  mar  dell'  essere,  the  fulness,  the 
eternity  of  that  which  is,  D.  Par.  i.  113.  II  —  di 
tutto  senno,  as  Dante  calls  Virgil,  the  ocean  of 
wisdom,  D.  Inf.  8.  7. 

Marea  f. ;  ebb  and  flow  of  the  tide. 
—  rovescia,  an  eddy  in  the  tide. 

*(med.)  an  agitated  state  following  on  fever. 

Mareggi-are  ind.  mare"ggio;  to  rise 
and  fall  in  waves,  as  the  sea. 

*i.   to  float  on  the  sea.     ii.   to  go  by  sea.     iii.   to 
be  sea-sick. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atura,  hardships  of  the  sea. 

Mare'ggio  m. ;  i.  movement  of  the 
waves.  2.  sufferings  from  the  hard- 
ships of  the  sea. 

Maremm-a     /      (L.      niaritima)  ; 

1.  swampy  coast-land,  esp.  the  Italian 
coast   from   the  mouth  of  the   Cecina 
river  to  Orbitello.      2.    France   -e,  far 
distant  shores.     3.  Andare  in  — ,  of  an 
Italian  highlander,  to  go  down  to  the 
lowlands   to   work   in  winter.     4.    any 
swampy  but  fertile  plain. 

Maremman-o  ;  i.  of  the  Maremma ; 
Febbre  -a,  or  Le  -e,  swamp  fever. 

2.  Fieno    — ,   sainfoin,    ?'.    Lupinello. 

3.  Parer   un  — ,  to   be   boorish.     Aff. 
-accio  pegg.,  -(no  dim.  vezz. 

Marembto  m.  ;  tidal  wave  due  to 
earthquake. 

M  arena  (Amarena,  Amarina)  f. ;  a  sweet  drink 
made  from  the  same  kind  of  cherry  as  Maraschino. 

MarengayC  (Fr.  meringue,  of  unkn. 
orig.) ;  meringue,  an  egg-shaped  comes- 
tible made  of  sugar  and  white  of  egg 
with  whipped  cream  inside. 

Marenghino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Marengo. 

Mareng-0  m.  ;  2o-fr.  gold  piece 
coined  by  Napoleon  I  after  the  battle 
of  that  name  in  1801.  Aff.  -6ne 
augm. 

Mareo  tn.  \  Peruvian  fever. 
Marebgrafo  m. ;  tide-gauge. 
Marescalco  m. ;  —  Mancscalco,  farrier. 

Maresciall-0  m.  ( Fr.  mare'chal,  which 
originally  meant  groom,  v.  Manescalco); 

1.  marshal,  in  the  French  and  other 
armies.     In  Italy  it  means  an  officer  of 
middle    rank    in    the    Carabinieri,   the 
police.     Aff.  -a  wife  of  a  -o,  -ato  rank 
of  the  same. 

*Maresco;  marine. 

*  Marese  tn.;  swamp. 

*  Maretirnay?;  =  Maremma. 

Mare'tta  / ;  slight  sea,  not  quite 
calm.  —  sorda,  a  little  swell  not  due 
to  wind. 

Marezz-are  (Marizzare)  ind.  mardzzo 
(bit.  **inaritiare,<'L.  mart:);  i.  to 
water  silk;  -ato  wavy,  "moire"."  2.  to 
give  a  veining  to  wood. 

Marezzatura/;  i.  the  wavy  lines 
of  the  veins  in  a  piece  of  wood. 

2.  watered  silk. 

Mare'zzo  m. ;  i.q.  Marezzatura. 

Marforio  in.  ;  a  statue  at  Rome  to 
which,  as  well  as  to  that  of  Pasquino, 
popular  satires  used  to  be  affixed, 
dice  a  Pasquino,  O  perch£  hai  la  ca- 
micia  sudicia?  Risponde  Pasquino, 
Perche  la  mia  lavandaia  e  diventata 
principessa,  Why,  says  M.  to  P.,  are 
you  wearing  a  dirty  shirt  ?  P.  replies, 


;6o 


MARGA— MARMICCIO 


Because  my  laundress  has  become  a 
princess.  The  allusion  is  to  the  sister 
of  Sixtus  V. 

*  Marga/I  (L-,  of  Celtic  origin,  cp.  Breton  rruirg; 
Welsh  w<zr/);=Marna,  marl. 

Margarine  f.  (coined  from  L.  margarita, 
pearl,  from  the  lustre  of  the  article);  as  E. 

Margassita  /  ;  =  Marcassita,  py- 
rites. 

Margherft-a  (Margarita)  /  (Gr. 
fiap-yapi'rr/f  <  Persian  men/arid,  corre- 
sponding to  Sanskr.  mungiara,  bud, 
also  pearl,  akin  to  matigius,  charming) ; 

1.  pearl;   L'  eterna  — ,  i.e.  the  moon, 
D.   Par.  2.  34 ;   La   presente   -  -   luce, 
i.e.  the  planet  Mercury,  D.  Par.  6.  127; 
La  piu  luculenta  Di  quelle  -e  innanzi 
fessi,  the  brightest  of  those  pearls,  i.e. 
spirits,  came  forward,   D.  Par.   22.  29. 

2.  --  del   mare,   i.e.    Sicily.     3.    (hot.) 
(a)  =  Margheritina,  daisy;  (£)  =  Occhio 
di  hue,  ox-eye  daisy ;  (c)  regina —  =  As- 
tro della  Cina,  Chinese  aster.  4.  =  Mar- 
gheritina, bead.     5.    Nodo  — ,  sheep- 
shank knot.     6.  (mar.)  deck-tackle  for 
purchasing  the  anchor. 

*i.  torture;  Ti  dia  !a  — !  as  an  imprecation,  may 
you  be  tortured !  ii.  a  toothed  instrument  for 
stretching  leather. 

Margh.eritfn.-a/  ;  i.  (bot.)  (a)  daisy, 
v.  Pratolina  (i),  (6)  -e  della  Gran 
Duchessa,  double  daisy,  v.  Pratolina 
(2).  2.  glass  bead. 

*  Margigranayl;  a  kind  of  purple  grape. 

Margin-are  ind.  maVgino ;  i.  in 
printing,  to  arrange  the  pages  so  as  to 
have  the  margin  desired.  Part,  -ato  : 
2.  with  a  wide  margin.  3.  (bot.)  of  a 
leaf,  with  a  margin  of  a  different  colour. 

Marginario  in.  \  one  of  the  six  pieces  forming 
the  lower  jaw  in  birds  and  reptiles. 

Marginaturay^;  i.  arrangement  of  the  margin 
which  a  page  is  to  have.  2.  one  of  the  metal  pieces 
placed  in  the  printing  press  where  the  margin  of  the 
page  is  to  be  ;  margin-piece. 

Margirt-e  in. ,  sometimes,  in  sense  of  scar,/? 
(L.  margitum,  root  inarg,  to  border,  cp.  supra, 
Marca) ;  i.  border,  margin.  2.  =  Cicatrice,  scar. 
Aff.  -ale. 

Marginella  f.\  a  genus  of  marine  snails  with 
glossy  shells  and  distinct  heads. 

*  Marginetta/".;  scar. 

Marginetto  in.;  i.  dim.  Margine  (i).  a.  a 
long  narrow  margin-piece,  v.  Marginatura  (2). 

Margin6so;  with  a  wide  and  uncut  margin,  as 
often  found  in  old  books. 

*Margo  in.  \  bank,  border  of  a  river,  or  sea. 

Marg61f-a  /,  -o  m.  (Marcolf-a,  -o) ; 
clumsily  built  person,  from  the  name  of 
the  mother  of  Bertoldino  in  the  popular 
tale  of  Bertoldo  and  Bertoldino. 

*MargollayI;=Versiera,  demon. 

*  Margollo;  =  Marcio,  rotten. 
*Margone  m.  ;  =  Marna,  marl. 

Margbtta/. ;  i.q.  Margotto,  layer. 

Margottare  ind.  margotto;  to  layer 
(a  plant),  to  bend  one  of  its  branches 
down  to  the  ground,  notch  it,  and  cover 
it  with  earth  so  that  it  may  strike  a 
fresh  root  at  the  notch. 

Margdtti,  Margdtto;  Don — ,  the  name  of  a 
former  editor  of  the  Unita  Cattolica.  It  has  become 
quasi-proverbial  for  the  Ultramontane  ideal  of  the 
Pope  as  a  temporal  and  absolute  sovereign. 

Marg6tt-o  m.,  -a/  (L.  mergus,  mer- 
gere<  root  merg  to  plunge) ;  i.  layer, 
v.  -are.  2.  fig.  upstart. 

Margraviato  m. ;  i.  title  of  a  Mar- 
grave. 2.  length  of  his  reign. 


Margravio  m,  ;  Margrave,  former 
title  of  the  sovereigns  of  certain  pro- 
vinces in  Germany,  v.  Marca. 

*  Margutto  ;  ugly  and  vicious. 

Mari-a  / ;  the  Virgin.  Prov.  Non 
pote  dire  Gesii  e  — ,  i.e.  he  died  quite 
suddenly.  Essere  tutto  Gesii  e  — ,  to 
be  a  hypocrite.  Cercare  —  per  Raven- 
na, to  search  for  a  thing  where  it  will 
not  be  found.  Far  viva  — ,  to  rob  and 
steal.  Parere  le  tre  -e,  of  women,  to 
weep  bitterly.  Far  le  -e,  to  feign  sim- 
plicity and  piety.  Santa  — ,  the  I5th 
of  August. 

Mariaccia/  ;  Far  — ,  to  wheedle  a 
thing  out  of  someone  with  flattery. 

Mariano;  of  Mary.  Mese  — ,  the 
month  of  May. 

*  Maricello  /«.;  bitterness. 

*  Maricino  /«.;  stormy  sea. 
tMariday!;  smaris  fish,  v.  Menola. 
tMaridola  f.\    a   species  of  gttthead   fish,   v. 

Sargo  (t). 

Marigiana/!;  whistling  wild  duck,  widgeon, 
Anas  Penelope,  usu.  Fischione. 

*  Marignano  m. ;  =  Petonciano,  mad-apple, 

Marin-ayj;  i.  the  surface  of  the 
sea.  2.  Legni  che  navigano  per  queste 
nostre  -e,  ships  which  navigate  our 
waters.  3.  sea-coast;  Scoprire  — ,  to 
go  on  a  voyage  of  discovery ;  -  — , 
along  the  coast.  4.  fig.  Vedere  la  - 
torba,  to  see  dangers  ahead.  5.  the 
marine  department  of  national  defence. 
6.  (paint.)  sea-piece.  7.  Batter  — ,  Far 
— ,  to  pretend  to  be  wretched,  pretend 
to  have  been  hurt.  8.  a  dance  for  four 
or  eight  couples. 

Marinai-o.  Marinar-o ;  i .  m.  sailor ; 
Prov.  Da  galeotto  a  — ,  from  galley- 
slave  to  sailor,  i.e.  from  one  cunning 
rogue  to  another;  Mastro  — ,  captain 
of  a  ship.  2.  as  adj.,  maritime.  3.  Nuo- 
tar  alia  -a,  to  swim  with  the  side-stroke, 
"d.  Spasseggio.  4.  Alia  -a,  ship-shape, 
properly. 

Marmara/. ;  i.  short  cape  with  a 
hood.  2.  sailor's  hat,  sou'wester. 

Marin-are  ind.  marino  ;  I.  to  pickle, 
either  in  salt  water  or  with  vinegar.  2.  fig. 
to  keep  laid  by;  Ma  quelle  ragazze  le 
tieni  in  casa  a  — ?  do  you  keep  those 
girls  of  yours  at  home  for  pickling,  i.e. 
why  don't  you  ever  let  them  go  out  ? 
—  la  scuola,  to  play  truant;  Fatti  — , 
keep  yourself  laid  by,  i.e.  stay  where 
you  are.  3.  Part,  -ato,  as  sb.  salt  fish. 

*  Marinarescayl;  i.  seamanship,  knowledge  of 
a  sailor's  life.     ii.  marines,  soldiers  on  ship-board. 

Marinaresc-o;  nautical.    Aff.  -amente. 
Marinaro;  v.  Marinaio. 

Marinell-o;  i.  Ciliegia  -a,  the  maraschino 
cherry,  v.  Maraschino.  2.  Chiocciola  -a,  sea-snail. 

Marineria  /  ;  i .  the  naval  depart- 
ment. 2.  -  -  mercantile,  mercantile 
marine ;  —  da  guerra,  navy.  3.  voyag- 
ing by  sea. 

*  Marinesco ;  =  Marinaresco. 
tMaringianu  in. ;  toad-fish,  v.  Tetraodonte. 

Marino;  i.  as  E.  2.  Bove  — ,  or 
Vitello  — ,  seal.  3.  —  pescatore,  =  Gab- 
biano  reale,  herring-gull.  *As  s/>., 
sailor. 

Mariolatr-ia  /  (Gr.) ;  worship  of 
the  Virgin.  Aff.  -a. 


Maribl-o,  Mariu61-o  m. ;  rogue. 
Aff.  -eria. 

Etym.  unkit.  The  most  plausible  theory  is 
perhaps  that  of  derivation  <  bit.  **  tnarnldus,  for 
**  malaldus,  <  L.  mttijts  with  suffix  .altius.  An 
alternative  source  for  maraldits  would  be<  the  stem 
of  O.  H.G.  Htarrjan,  to  spoil. 

Marion6tt-a/(<  Maria,  the  original 
having  been  a  figure  of  the  Virgin)  ; 
puppet,  marionette.  Aff.  -ata  act  of  a 
puppet,  -istico. 

Mariotte ;  the  discoverer  of  the  law  of  gaseous 
pressures.  Tubo  di  — ,  a  U  -shaped  tube  with  one  arm 
closed  and  shorter  than  the  other,  used  for  observing 
the  compression  of  gases  when  mercury  is  poured 
into.  it. 

*  Mariscalco  m.  ;=ManescaIco,  farrier. 
Maritaggio  in.;  scherz.  marriage. 

Marit-are  ind.  marfto ;  to  provide 
a  husband  for.  -arsi,  of  either  sex,  to 
marry,  -ata,  married  woman,  but  -ato 
is  not  used  for  Ammogliato,  a  married 
man.  Minestra  -ata,  soup  with  two  in- 
gredients, e.g.  the  mutton  and  barley  in 
mutton  broth.  Uove  -ate,  eggs  with 
something  else  added. 

Marit-0  m.  (L.  maritus)  ;  I.  hus- 
band ;  Andare  a  — ,  to  go  abroad  to  be 
married,  not  to  be  married  from  one's 
home.  2.  scherz.  for  Veggio,  warming- 
pan.  Aff.  -fno  dim.  vezz. 

*  Maritoto  ;  =  Marito  tuo. 

Maritdzzo  tn.  (It.  maritare) ;  a  kind 
of  bun  to  be  eaten  in  Lent,  made  chiefly 
at  Rome,  with  sugar,  oil,  eggs  and 
spices. 

*  MarittimayT;  i.  =  Marina,     ii.  =Maremma. 
Marittim-o;     maritime.      Sanita    .a,    marine 

board  of  health. 

Marituccio  in.;  dim.  sfirtg.  Marito. 
Mariuolo  in.;  i.q.  Mariolo,  rogue. 

*  Marizzare  ;=  Marezzare,  to  water  (silk). 
Marlia  f.\   in  bell-founding,  iron  rod  passing 

through  the  core  to  fix  it  in  position. 
Mario  ;«.;—  Mallo,  husk. 

Marmaglia/  (cogn.  old  Fr.  m,->->/u\ 
small,  Proven^,  mermaria,  diminution, 
<L.  minimus,  v.  Marmocchio) ;  i.  rab- 
ble. 2.  fig.  quantity  of  small  coins. 

*i.    spreg.   an    architectural    work    with    a    vast 
quantity  of  marble,     ii.    quantity  of  old  timber. 
Marmagliume  m. ;  a  numerous  rabble. 

*  Marmaio  >n. ;=  Marmista,  marble-worker. 

Marm-are ;  to  make  as  cold  as 
marble.  Acqua  che  -a  la  bocca,  i.e. 
water  cold  enough  to  make  the  teeth 
ache.  Piedi  -ati,  feet  cold  as  ice. 

Marru-eggia  or  -dggiola/  ;  maggot. 
Avere  il  viso  che  pare  mangiato  dalle 
-egge,  of  a  face  pitted  with  smallpox. 
Prov.  Le  -egge  stanno  sempre  nella 
carne  secca,  old  people  alwa>s  have 
something  the  matter  with  them,  //'/. 
dry  meat  is  always  maggoty. 

Etym.  tiub.  Perhaps  an  alteration  of  **Tar- 
meggia,<Tarma,  under  the  influence  of  Marmaglia, 
but  more  probably  from  the  stem  marm-  of  Mar- 
maglia  with  a  different  suffix. 

Marmellata  /.  (Span,  marmelada, 
<  Portug.  marmelo,  quince,  <  L.  meli- 
melum  =  Gr.  /ieXi/tnXov,  an  apple  grafted 
on  a  quince) ;  marmalade,  jam  in  which 
the  shape  of  the  fruit  is  not  visible. 

*  MarmerucolayC;  a  word  used  by  R.  Cellini; 
he  probably  meant  Marruca,  white-thorn. 

Marm^tt-a  f.  or  -o  m.  ;  floor  of 
marble  mosaic. 

tMarmiccio  w.;  =  Imbroglio,  tangle. 


MARMIERA— MARTELLO 


361 


•Marmieray:;  marble-quarry. 

Marmifer-o  ;  i.  containing  marble. 
2.  operating  in  marble ;  Societk  -a, 
company  trading  in  marble. 

Marmino  m. ;  small  pyramid-shaped 
piece  of  marble  placed  on  the  ground 
to  prevent  a  door  from  shutting  itself. 

Marmista  »/. ;  worker  in  marble. 

Marmitt-a/  (Span,  marmita,  prob. 
<  Arabic  marmi'd,  cooking  place) ; 
camp-kettle.  Aff.  -fna  dim.,  -ona 
augm. 

Marmitt-6ne  m.  ;  i.  i.q,  -ona. 
2.  soldier  who  takes  no  interest  in 
his  duty. 

Marm-o  m.  (L.  marmor,  root  mar 
to  shine,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Marble) ;  i.  mar- 
ble; Pagare  al  — ,  in  a  coffee-shop,  to 
pay  at  the  counter.  2.  the  //.  -i  meant 
esp.  the  marble  steps  of  the  Florentine 
cathedral. 

*Prov.  £  come  leccar  marmo,  it  is 
like  licking  marble,  i.e.  it  is  useless. 

+  Marmocchiaia  f. ;  =  Accapacciatura,    head- 
ache. 

Marm6cch-io  m. ;  scherz.  or  sbreg., 
brat.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  marmot,  ape,  or  little  boy,  a 
dim.  of  old  Fr.  merme,  small.  Merme  is  a  curious 
derivative  of  L.  minimus',  the  change  of  «  to  r  is 
seen  also  in  L.  (tnima  >  old  Fr.  arrne,  Proven^. 
arma ;  cp.  bit.  **  minimare  >  Provenc.  and  Span. 
mermar,  and  bit.  miniweUus  >  Comascan  dial, 
marmet  and  Cremonese  marmeleen,  little  finger. 
To  arrive  at  the  Italian  form  one  may  suppose  a  bit. 
**  minimuculus,  dim.  spreg.  of  L.  minimus,  which 
by  the  regular  change  of  -uculum  into  -occkio  and 
that  of  minim,  into  marm.  as  instanced  above  ac- 
counts for  Marmocchio.  Cp.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sttb 
Marmoset,  Marmot. 

Marmorare ;  i.q.  Marmorizzare. 

*  Marmorario  m.  ;=Statuario,  sculptor. 
*Marmoreccio;  =  Marmoreo,  of  marble. 

*  Marmoreggiare  ;    i.  =  Marmorizzare.      ii.    to 
work  melted  glass  etc.  on  a  marble  slab. 

Marmore-o;  of  marble. 

*  -e  tavole,  the  Mosaic  tables  of  the  Law. 

Marmorino  m. ;  cheese  with  a  mar- 
bled surface  when  cut ;  also  as  adj. 

*  =  Marmoreo. 

•Marmorito  »;.;=  Marmo,  marble. 

Marmoriziare  (Marmorare,  Mar- 
moreggiare) ;  to  vein  like  marble. 

*  Marmoro ;  i.  =  Marmoreo.     tii.  as  si.,  red  sea- 
bream,  v.  Pagello(2). 

*  Marmoroso  Resembling  marble. 

Mann6tt-a/. ;  (Marmotto  m.)  (cogn. 
Fr.  marmotte,  <  L.  murem  mantis,  moun- 
tain mouse,  cp.  old  Fr.  marmontairi) ; 
i.  marmot,  Arctomys  marmota.  2.  fig. 
man  who  lives  a  retired  life,  recluse, 
unsociable.  3.  fig.  sleepy  fellow,  lazy. 
4.  ape.  5.  cold  in  the  head. 

AJf.  -ino  dim.,  -one  -ona  augm. 
"  Marmuoio  in. ;  poor,  thorny  pasture  ground. 

Marn-a  (Marga)/!  (Fr.  miirne,<old 
Fr.  marle,<  L.  margula,  dim.  of  marga, 
•v.  Marga) ;  marl,  a  natural  manure  con- 
sisting of  mixed  lime,  clay,  and  other 
soils,  crumbling  on  exposure  to  the  air. 
Tetto,  or  Muro  della  — ,  the  cap  which 
covers  the  marl-bed,  -e  iridate,  triassic 
marls  containing  fossil  reptiles  and 
fishes. 

Aff.  -are,  -atura,  -azione  manuring  with  marl, 
-iera  marl-pit,  -6*0  rich  in  marl. 

H. 


Maro  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  nipov);  (M.)  cat's  thyme, 
71.  Erba  (53  a). 

Marocchino  m.  ;  i.q.  Marrocchino, 
morocco. 

Maronita  m. ;  Maronite.  They  are 
a  sect  of  Christians  now  in  partial  com- 
munion with  Rome,  founded  in  the  I2th 
century  by  Maron,  a  Syrian  patriarch. 

Maroso  m.  (It.  mare)  ;  billow. 
*  swamp. 

Marra  f.  (L.  marra,  of  unkn.  orig., 
possibly  from  Marsa,  i.e.  adopted  from 
the  Marsi) ;  i.  hoe,  the  same  as  Zappa. 

2.  instrument  like  a  hoe  used  in  mixing 
mortar ;    it    is    also    termed    Smarra. 

3.  fluke  of  an  anchor.    4.  Spada  di  — , 
fencing-foil. 

*  Marraiuolo  in.  •  (mil.')  sapper. 
Marranaccio  m.;  pegg.  Marrano. 

Marrancio  m.;  butcher's  carving- 
knife. 

Marrano  m.  (Span,  marrano,  pig, 
further  etym.  dub.) ;  i.  lout,  brute. 

2.  (hist.)  term  of  opprobrium  for  newly 
baptised  Moors  and  Jews  in  Spain. 

*i.  a  kind  of  ship.     ii.  as  adj.,  accursed. 
tMarrapeto  m. ;  thoughtless  and  clumsy  fellow. 

Marrascura/  (It.  marra  +  scure) ; 
combined  hatchet  and  bill-hook,  used 
in  cutting  branches  off  olive  trees. 

Marrata/. ;  blow  with  a  hoe. 

Marreggiare  ind.  marrdggio ;  to 
work  with  a  hoe,  to  use  a  hoe  for 
breaking  clods  and  working  earth  over 
seeds. 

*  Marrella  f. ;    i.    dim.    Marra.     ii.    lamp-wick 
wrapped  up  square  in  a  little  piece  of  stout  paper. 

Marr6tt-a/;  dim.  Marra,  hoe.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

Marrett-ina/,  -ino  -o  m. ;  dims,  of 
Marra,  hoe. 

*  Marrimento  m.  ;  =  Smarrimento,  affliction. 
*Marrito;  =  Smarrito,  lost,  strayed. 

*  Marrittay!;  =  Manritta,  right  hand. 
Marrobblo  (Marrubbio)  /«.  (L.);   (tot.)  i.    — 

acquatico,  water-horehound,    v.    Erba  (138).     2.    — 
bianco,  common   horehound,   Mvrrubium   vulgare. 

3.  —  falso,  purple  dead-nettie,  Lamium  purpureum, 
also  termed  Dolcemele  rosso.    4.  — salvatico,  stinking 
horehound,  Ballota  nigra, 

Marrocchinaio  m. ;  morocco  dresser. 
Marrocchinare  ;  to  dress  morocco. 

Marrocchino,  Marocchino  m. ;  Mo- 
rocco leather,  goat-skin  cured  with 
sumach. 

tMarrocchio  ;«. ;  red-eye  fish,  v.  Scardola. 

Marr6ne  m.  (A)  (augm.  Marra)  ; 
mattock. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  tnarron,  orig.  unkn.) ; 
i.  Spanish  chestnut.  2.  as  adj.,  chest- 
nut coloured. 

(0)  (Germanic,  v.  Smarrire)  ;  gross 
blunder. 

*(D)(O.H.G.  marak,  horse,  t>.  Skeat,  sub  Mare); 
i.  a  well-trained  animal  put  in  the  shafts  with  a 
younger  one.  ii.  guide  over  the  mountains  in  snow- 
time. 

Marron^to  m. ;  chestnut  plantation. 

Marrons£cchi  m.  pi. ;  dried  chest- 
nuts. 

Marrovfescio  m.;  pop.  for  Manro- 
vescio. 

Marrubbio;  v.  Marrobbio. 


Marnica/;  (hot.)  i.  the  Zizyphus, 
or  2.  the  Paliurus  genus  of  Rhamnaceae, 
v.  Giuggiolo,  Paliuro.  3.  --  bianca, 
hawthorn,  v.  Biancospino.  4.  —  nera, 
a  species  of  medlar,  Mespilus. 

Marru-caio,  -ch6to  m.  ;  thicket. 

*Marrufnno  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  marou/fe,  orig. 
unkn.)  ;  i.  manager  in  a  silk  or  woollen  manu- 
factory. ii.  agent,  generally,  jit.  churl,  clown. 

Marsala  f.;   i.  a  town  in  the  west 

of  Sicily,   famous  as   the   spot   where 

Garibaldi    landed  in    1860.      2.    wine 
from  this  locality. 

Marsc  1  excl.  march  ! 

Marsia  m.  ;  Marsyas,  the  satyr  who  challenged 
Apollo  to  sing,  and  being  defeated  was  flayed  for  his 
presumption.  His  name  has  become  proverbial  for 
a  presumptuous  person. 

Marsigliese;  of  Marseilles.  As  to.,  the  revo- 
lutionary hymn  composed  by  Rouget  de  Lisle  in 
1792. 

Marsilia  A:   Marseilles. 

*  Marsilianayl;  (war.)  a  kind  of  sloop. 

Marsina  f.  ;  short  close  coat,  pea- 
jacket. 

tMarsion,  fMarson  in.  ;  i.  lump-sucker. 
ii.  miller's  thumb,  v.  Ghiozzo  (i)  and  (3). 

Marsovino  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  marsouin, 
Germ.  Meerschwein,  <  O.H.G.  meri- 
suin  —  sea  pig)  ;  porpoise,  Phocaena 
communis,  usii.  Pesce  porco. 

Marsupiale;  as  E. 

*  Marsupio    m.    (L.  <  Gr.    popauirot,   pouch)  ; 
pouch. 

Marta;  Far  da  —  e  da  Maddalena,  to  be  over- 
busy. 

Martag6ne  m.  ;  (bot.)  Turk's  cap  or  Martagon 
lily,  Lilium  martagan,  also  termed  Bella  Mon- 
tanara. 

Marte  m.  (L.,  perhaps  akin  to  mors,  death,  v. 
Marcire);  i.  Mars,  the  god  of  war;  Figli  di  —  ,  the 
ancient  Romans  ;  Campo  di  —  ,  drill-ground.  2.  the 
planet  Mars.  3.  in  alchemy,  iron.  4.  in  chemistry, 
Croce  di  —  ,  Sale  di  —  ,  certain  compounds  of  iron. 
5.  Croco  di  —  ,  or  simply  —  ,  vermilion  dye. 

Martedi  (Marti,  Martidl)  m.  (L. 
Martis  dies)  ;  Tuesday.  -  grasso, 
Shrove  Tuesday. 

Martell-accio  m.  ;  pegg.  of  -o,  ham- 
mer. 

Martell-are  ind.  martello  ;  i.  to 
hammer.  2.  intr.,  of  the  blood,  etc., 
to  throb.  3.  Picchia  e  -a,  or  Dagli 
picchia  e  -a,  finalmente  mi  e  riuscito, 
by  repeated  attempts  I  succeeded. 

*  =  Sonare  a  martello,  to  toll. 
Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atore,  -atura. 


ta_/C;  i.  v.,  -are.  2.  as  veterinary 
operation,  hammering  the  testicular  cords  of  an 
animal  which  is  followed  by  atrophy  of  the  testicles. 
It  is  said  to  be  less  painful  than  castration  by  the 
knife. 

Martell-etto  /«.;  dim.  of  -o,  hammer. 

Martelliano  ;  adj.  or  sb.  ,  verse  of  fourteen 
syllables,  like  the  French  Alexandrine.  The  name 
is  from  Pier  Jacopo  Martelli,  a  Bolognese  poet  of 
the  I7th  century,  who  invented  or  re-introduced  this 
metre. 

Martelllna  f.\  i.  a  kind  of  steel  hammer  used 
by  masons  in  building.  2.  another  kind  used  in 
dressing  hard  stones;  it  has  the  head  feathered  on 
both  sides  and  notched  into  two  diamond-shaped 
points.  3.  the  steel  of  a  flint-lock  gun. 

Martell-ino  m.  ;  dim.  of  -o  (smaller  than  -etto). 

Martellio  m.;  continued  hammering. 

Mart&ll-O  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  marteau, 
Prove  ng.  mart  els,  Span,  martillo;  <blt. 
mariettas,  dim.  of  L.  martulus,  for 
**  marculus,  dim.  of  L.  marcus,  hammer, 
root  mar,  to  crush);  I.  hammer;  Taglio 
di  —  ,  the  flat  end,  Bocca  di  —  ,  the  round 
end  of  the  head  of  a  hammer.  2.  fig. 
torment.  3.  knocker  on  a  street-door. 
4.  Tirare  a  —  ,  to  work  (metal)  with  the 
hammer  alone  ;  Reggere  al  —  ,  to  be  able 

46 


362 


MARTI— MASCHERINA 


to  stand  hammering ;  Stare  a  — ,  to  stand 
severe  testing.  5.  Sonare  a  — ,  to  ring 
the  alarm,  v.  Distendere  (7).  6.  (anal.) 
the  malleus,  one  of  the  bones  of  the 
internal  ear.  7.  piano-tuner's  key. 
8.  hammer  that  strikes  the  piano-string 
in  playing.  9.  door-knocker  placed  on 
the  window  of  a  wine  shop ;  Levare  il 
— ,  to  discontinue  sale  of  the  wine. 
10.  —or  —  ferrato,  battle-axe,  n.  Pesce 
— ,  hammer-headed  shark,  v.  Sfirna. 
Aff.  -one  aiigm. 

•Marti,  'Martidi  >«.;=Martedi,  Tuesday. 
*Martidio  m. ;  =  Martirio,  martyrdom. 
*Martifero;  martial. 

Martinaccio  m.  (perhaps<blt.  mar- 
tus  through  a  dim.  martinus,  with  suffix 
=L.  -aceus,  from  a  certain  likeness  to 
the  head  of  a  hammer ;  for  marins  v. 
Martello) ;  i.  an  edible  snail,  Helix 
pomatia.  2.  scherz.  clumsy  watch. 
3.  the  herring-gull,  v.  Gabbiano  (3,/). 

Martinella/i ;  (hisi.)  the  name  of  a 
bell  in  Florence,  which  was  rung  a  month 
before  the  army  set  out  from  the  city, 
and  was  then  taken  with  the  army  on  a 
wooden  frame  carried  on  the  "  Carroc- 
cio." 

Martin&lo  m.  (A)  (a  dim.  as  if 
from  **martino<  bit.  martus,  v.  Mar- 
tello, from  the  resemblance  of  the  im- 
plement to  a  hammer,  cp.  Martinicca) ; 
i.  lifting  screw,  jack-screw.  2.  (mil.) 
instrument  for  straining  a  bow  or 
catapult. 

(B) ;  nickname  for  Piviere,  plover. 

Martin6tto  in.  (a  dim.  as  if  from 
**martino,  v.  Martinello) ;  large  ham- 
mer moved  by  mechanical  power. 
*  «•  Martinello  (2). 

Martingala  f.  (from  the  name  of 
the  Martigali,  a  Provencal  people,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  voc.);  i.  a  flap 
(i6th  century)  which  was  hung  from  a 
girdle  round  the  waist  and  covered  the 
seat  of  the  breeches.  2.  martingale,  a 
strap  which  passes  between  the  forelegs 
of  a  horse  from  the  bit  to  the  girth-strap 
and  prevents  his  tossing  his  head ;  in 
ships  the  same  name  is  given  to  a  short 
spar  under  the  bowsprit. 

Martinicca  f.  (bit.  **  martinicula, 
dim.  of  bit.  martus,  cp.  Martinello) ; 
screw  for  applying  the  brake  to  a  wheel. 

Martino;  i.  Prm>.  Per  un  punto  — 
perse  la  cappa,  Martin  lost  his  deanship 
by  a  comma,  v.  Cappa  (2).  2.  San  — , 
the  nth  of  November,  often  referred  to 
as  the  beginning  of  winter.  3.  Estate 
di  San  — ,  Indian  summer,  pleasant 
weather  in  autumn.  4.  Fare  il  San  — , 
to  take  a  day's  outing.  5.  Gabbare  San 
— ,  to  quit  military  life,  St  Martin  having 
been  a  soldier  before  he  became  bishop 
of  Tours.  6.  San  — ,  a  coin  in  the 
republic  of  Lucca,  =  5^  francs.  7.  (or- 
nith.)  Martin  pescatore,  =  Piombino, 
kingfisher. 

*  i.  =  Montone,  wether,    ii.  Ser — ,  i.e.  anyone. 

Martir-e(Martore)  wr.  (L.  martyr,  Gr.  ^dprvp, 
a  witness) ;  martyr.  Piuttostp  —  che  confessore, 
rather  martyr  than  confessor,  it  is  better  to  be  tor- 
tured than  to  confess.  Regina  dei  -i,  the  Madonna. 
Re  dei  -i,  Christ.  Nazione  — ,  Poland. 


*Martfre  m. ;   martyrdom,  torment,   D.   Purg. 
to.   log. 

Martirio,  Mart6ro  (Martiro,  Martorio)  m. ; 
martyrdom. 

*  i.  church  over  the  tomb  of  a  martyr,     ii.  assassi- 
nation, D.  Purg.  12.  60. 

Martirizzare :  to  martyr. 
Martirolbgio  in.;  book  of  martyrs. 

Martora  /  (Martoro  m.)  (O.H.G. 
mardar,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Marten);  marten, 
the  largest  of  the  weasel  tribe. 

*Martore  m. ;   i.   martyr,     ii.   scherz.  peasant, 
iii.    martyrdom. 

*  Martorellp  m.;  i.  dim.  Martore.     ii.  _ftg.  un- 
lucky wight,     iii.  money-changer. 

Martori-are  ind.  martorio;  to  tor- 
ture, esp.  fig.  Aff.  -atore. 

'Martorio  »i. ;  i.  martyrdom,     ii,  instrument  of 
torture. 

Mart6ro  m. ;  r.o.  Martirio,  martyrdom. 
Maruffino;  v.  Marruffino. 

Marza  /  (<  Marzo,  March  being 
the  best  month  for  grafting);  graft, 
young  shoot  for  grafting. 

Marzacbtto  m.  (cogn.  Span,  mazu- 
cole,  <  L.  tnassa,  cocta ;  cp.  Marzapane) ; 
composition  for  glazing  vases. 

Marzai6]a  f.  ;  garganey  teal,  Qiterguedula 
circia,  also  termed  Cercedula,  Garganello,  Sartello. 

*  Marzaiuplo ;  =  Marzolino. 
*Marzamina;  v.  Marzeminu. 

Marzapan-e  m.  (cogn.  Proveng.  mas- 
sapan,  Fr.  marcepain,  mtissepain,  where 
the  first  element  is  of  iinkn.  orig.,  per- 
haps personal) ;  marchpane,  cake  made 
with  almonds  and  spice.  £  un  — ,  it  is 
a  real  delicacy,  or  fig.  he  is  too  soft- 
hearted. Aff.  -dtto  dim. 

t  Marzatica_/I;  tricky  weather  in  March. 

Marzeggiare  ind.  marzdggio ;  to  be 
March  weather,  i.e.  very  uncertain. 

Marzemino  (Marzamina,  Marzimino)  m. ;  a 
species  of  vine,  and  grape.  The  grape  has  a  coarse 
dark  skin  and  makes  a  full-bodied  red  wine. 

Marzeria/  ;  any  kind  of  grain  sown 
in  March. 

Marzial-e ;  i.  martial.  2.  (chem.) 
with  a  base  of  iron;  Acque  -i,  ferrugi- 
nous waters.  3.  (Rom.  hist.)  games  in 
honour  of  Mars.  4.  the  name  of  a 
noted  legendary  cut-throat. 

*  Marzimino  HI.',=  Marzemino,  a  kind  of  grape. 

Marzio ;  i.  adj.  martial;  Campo 
— ,  usu.  Campo  di  Marte,  military  exer- 
cise-ground. 2.  in  the  prov.  II  regalo 
che  fece  —  alia  nuora,  che  dopo  tre 
anni  gli  regalo  una  nocciola,  the  present 
that  Marcius  gave  to  his  daughter-in- 
law,  who  after  three  years  gave  her  a 
fruit-stone.  3.  Don  —  maldicente,  a 
character  in  one  of  Goldoni's  plays. 

Marzo  m.  (from  Marte,  Mars,  to 
whom  the  month  was  dedicated) ;  the 
month  of  March.  —  e  matto,  March  is 
mad,  i.e.  the  weather  then  is  capricious. 
Nato  di  — ,  born  in  March,  i.e.  eccen- 
tric. Gl'  idi  di  — ,  the  Ides  of  March, 
i.e.  the  assassination  of  Julius  Caesar, 
an  expression  often  used  to  denote  any 
revolutionary  outburst.  Gl'  idi  di  — 
del  '76  furono  preparati  dai  Toscani, 
the  revolutionary  outbreak  of  '76  was 
prepared  by  the  Tuscans. 

Marzocche^sco ;  Florentine  (army), 
v.  Marzocco. 

Marzocchino  m.  ;  dim.  Marzocco. 


Marzocco  m.  (etym.  unkn.);  I.  an 
engraved  or  painted  lion  used  as  a 
standard  or  ensign  in  the  Florentine 
army.  2.  clumsy  lout.  *mess,  stain. 

Marzolino  ;  belonging  to  March. 
Cacio  — ,  a  noted  kind  of  cheese  made 
near  Florence. 

Marzblo ;  belonging  to  March.  Gal- 
letto  — ,  spring  chicken,  a  term  often 
addressed  to  a  sprightly  little  child,  or 
used  of  sprightly  old  folk.  Gran  — , 
grain  sown  in  March. 

MaSaniello  ;  the  hero  of  a  Neapoli- 
tan rising  in  the  I7th  century.  His 
name  often  typifies  revolution. 

Mascay!;  (mar.)v.  Mascone. 
Mascagnina/I;  sulphate  of  ammonia,  Glauber's 
salt. 

Mascagno  (mlt.  masca,v.  Maschera); 
cunning. 

Mascalcia  A  (v.  Manescalco);  i.  art  of  horse- 
shoeing. 2.  veterinary  science.  sore  back. 

•Mascal-ciato;  out  of  health.  *-cire;  to  be  a 
farrier.  * -co  ;  =  Manescalco. 

Mascalz6ne  m.  (/ra$.<Span.  mas, 
more,  <  L.  magis,  +  It.  scalzo,  bare- 
footed) ;  rascal,  blackguard. 

t Mascambran-o  m.,  -v.  f.',  sloven. 

t  Mascara  /.',-  Maschera,  mask. 

Mascarpone  (Mascberpone)  in.  ;  a  kind  of 
cheese  made  in  Lombardy. 

tMascata/;  (»mr.);  =  Guizzata,  lurch. 

*  Mascavato  (Span.  mascabado,<.menoscabatlo, 
<menes,  less, -t-ca&»,  head,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mischief); 
of  inferior  quality. 

Mascell-a  f.  (L.  maxilla,  dim.  of 
** mags ula,  akin  to  mala,  cheek-bone; 
root  mag,  v.  Madia) ;  jaw.  Aff.  -are, 
adj.,  Dente  -are  back  tooth,  -ata  blow 
with  a  jaw-bone,  -fna  dim.,  -ona  -one 
augms. 

Mascher-a  (Mascara)/;  i.  mask; 
Non  conoscer  -e,  to  put  up  with  no 
subterfuge,  accept  no  excuse,  to  insist 
upon  having  the  right  thing ;  —  di  ferro, 
the  iron  mask  worn  by  the  celebrated 
prisoner  of  the  1710  century  in  France, 
believed  to  have  been  a  brother  of 
Louis  XIV.  2.  masked  figure;  many 
of  the  cities  of  Italy  have  a  special 
name  for  a  guy  of  a  kind  peculiar  to  the 
city  to  which  it  belongs,  e.g.  Meneghino, 
that  of  Milan.  3.  theatrical  perform- 
ance by  masked  actors.  4.  (arch.)  head 
sculptured  on  the  keystone  of  an  arch. 
5.  (theat.)  attendant  in  uniform.  6.  - 
corallina,  (ornitk.)  =  Gabbiano  coralline, 
masked  gull.  Aff.  -accia  pfgg.,  -aio 
seller  of  masks. 

Etym.  Span,  mascara,  <  Arabic  tnascftarat, 
buffoon,  so  that  the  original  meaning  of  Maschera 
would  be  "  masked  figure,"  and  the  sense  of  "  mask" 
secondary. 

K&  Apparently  not  cognate  to  Fr.  masque, 
which  is/r^.<mlt.  masca,  mask,<O.H.G.  masca, 
mesh,  so  that  the  original  sense  of  masque  would  be 
that  of  knitted  covering  for  the  face,  &.  Skeat,  sub 
Mask. 

Mascher-are  ind.  mdschero;  i.  to 
mask.  2.  -arsi,  to  wear  a  mask,  or  fig. 
to  masquerade.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Mascherata/ ;  masquerade.  *bill 
or  slip  given  away  by  a  masquerader. 

Maschereccio  m.;  hide  dressed  in  alum. 
MascherettayC;  aim.  Maschera. 

Mascherina  /  :  i.  dim.  Maschera. 
2.  face  engraved  on  a  little  metallic 


MASCHERINO— MASSICCIARE 


363 


shield  used  as  an  ornament  on  harness, 
etc.  3.  girl's  face  disfigured  by  some 
deformity.  4.  toe-cap  on  a  boot,  patch 
on  an  old  boot.  5.  soup  made  from 
two  materials,  esp.  bread  and  vermi- 
celli. 

Mascherino  »;. ;  i.  fig.  hypocrite, 
humbug.  2.  i.q.  Mascherina,  but 
smaller. 

*  Mascherizzo  in. ;  i.  livid  mark.     ii.  pimple. 

Mascherone  m. ;  i.  augm.  Maschera 
(4),  face  carved  in  stone  or  stucco  as  an 
ornament  to  a  fountain,  etc.,  often  spout- 
ing water  from  the  mouth.  2.  face  dis- 
figured by  some  deformity.  3.  ugly 
woman.  4.  bad  portrait.  5.  as  a  term 
of  abuse,  —  da  fontana,  da  fogna,  or  da 
prua,  lit.  face  for  a  fountain,  sewer,  or 
ship's  figurehead.  6.  in  pi.,  a  sort  of 
trophy  worn  by  soldiers  on  the  shoulder- 
belt. 

*  Mascherpone  m. ;  =  Mascarpone. 
Maschette,  Mastiittey:  fl.;  (mar.)  cheeks, 

pieces  of  wood  nailed  near  the  summit  of  a  mast 
which  sustain  the  tops. 

Maschi-accio  in. ;  i.  pegg.  of  -o.  2.  manlike 
woman. 

Maschi-amente;  adv.  of-o. 

*  Maschiare ;  -  Mastiettare. 

Mascbiett-are ;  v.  Mastiettare.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Maschi-ettfno,  -6tto ;  dims.  vezz. 
of  -o. 

Maschie'zza/ ;  masculinity. 

Mascb.fl.-e ;  i.  male.  2.  (gram.} 
masculine.  Aff.  -me"nte. 

*  Maschino  «.;=Mastino,  mastiff. 

Maschi-o,  or  pop.  Mastio,  adj.  or 
sb.  (L.  masculus,  dim.  of  mas,  male); 
i.  masculine;  Fare  a  —  e  femmina,  to 
play  at  male  and  female ;  this  consists 
in  a  man  and  wife  breaking  the  breast- 
bone of  a  chicken  in  two  after  each  has 
chosen  a  sex.  If  the  fork  of  the  bone 
remains  in  the  hand  of  the  one  who 
chose  the  male  sex,  it  is  pretended  that 
the  expected  baby  should  be  a  boy,  and 
vice  versa.  2.  tenon,  shaft  of  a  key, 
bolt  of  a  lock,  piston  of  a  squirt,  or 
other  instrument  which  tits  into  a 
receptacle ;  Chiave  -a,  key  with  a 
solid  shaft.  3.  Felce  -a  or  Felce  — , 
(bot.)  the  male  fern,  Filixmas.  4.  =  Mor- 
taletto,  small  cannon.  5.  Salute  e  un 
figliol  — ,  scherz.  to  a  person  who 
sneezes.  6.  I  fatti  son  maschi  e  le 
parole  son  femmine,  i.e.  deeds  are  bet- 
ter than  words.  7.  in  building,  Pietre 
a  -a  e  femmina,  stones  fitted  together 
by  adjusting  prominences  to  hollows  so 
as  to  require  no  mortar;  Muro  a  -a  e 
femmina,  a  wall  so  constructed.  8.  pole- 
pin  of  a  carriage.  9.  screw  used  in 
several  descriptions  of  military  carriage. 
10.  (mar.}  (a)  pin  of  a  rudder,  (*)  —  in- 
feriore  d'  un  albero,  heel  tenon  of  a 
mast ;  —  superiore  per  la  testa  di  moro 
d'  un  albero,  top  tenon.  1 1.  (fort.}  the 
keep  of  a  castle ;  II  Maschio  di  Volterra, 
the  great  fortress  tower  of  Volterra. 
12.  =  Nocciolo,  core. 

ti.  =  Matto,  crazy,     ii.  Scommettere  a  —  e  fem- 
mina  =  Fare  a  etc.,  v.  supra  (i). 

•Maschiolinizzare;=Mascolinizzare. 


Maschi6na/  ;  strong  young  woman. 
Maschione  m. ;  a  fine  strong  baby 
boy. 

Maschi6tta  /  ;  a  strong  handsome 
girl  somewhat  less  masculine  than 
Maschiona. 

Maschibtto  m.  ;  a  fine  baby  boy, 
not  quite  so  big  as  Maschione. 

*  Mascicano  ;=  Macicano,  robust. 

Mascolinare  ;  to  make  of  the  masculine  gender 
(a  word  which  is  properly  feminine). 

Mascolinizzare  (Maschiolinizzare) ;  to  turn 
into  a  boy. 

Mascolino;  masculine. 

*Mascolo;  i.  masculine,  ii.  as  sb.,  piston, 
sucker  of  a  pump.  iii.  a  sort  of  iron  cartridge-case 
for  the  gunpowder  of  the  old  breech-loading  mortars 
which  threw  stone  projectiles. 

Mascone  m.  (augm.  Masca,  orig.  uttkn.)', 
(mar.)  loof,  the  after-part  of  a  ship's  bow,  where 
the  timbers  or  plates  begin  to  be  curved  in  as  they 
approach  the  stem. 

*Masgalano ;  (Spanish  word)  i.  most 
gallant  (gentleman),  ii.  Portare  il  — , 
to  bear  the  palm,  take  pre-eminence. 

*Masgalante ;  extremely  gallant. 

Masino  m. ;=Tommasino.  Far  la  gatta  di  — , 
to  which  can  be  added,  che  chiudeva  gli  occhi  per 
non  vedere  i  topi,  to  play  the  cat  of  Masino  which 
shut  its  eyes  so  as  not  to  see  the  rats ;  of  some  rogue 
who  pretends  not  to  see  in  order  to  do  a  better  stroke. 

Masnada/ ;  i.  armed  troop.  2.  dis- 
orderly band  of  people.  *i.  garrison, 
ii.  family. 

Etym.  mlt.  inaisnatia,  household  retainers,  a 
sort  of  metathesis  of  mlt.  masinata,  contr.  from 
mansionata,  f.  part,  of  mlt,  mansionare,  used  as 
a  sb.  \  mansiottare  is<L.  mansio,  establishment,  < 
mansus,  part,  of  tnanere,  to  remain,  7'.  Skeat,  sub 
Mansion. 

Masnadiere /«. ;  i.  trooper.  2.  high- 
way robber.  *i.  sheriffs  officer,  ii.  feu- 
dal retainer. 

Maso  ;  short  for  Tommaso,  Thomas; 

—  delle  ragionaccie,  one  who  invents 
all  kinds  of  bad  excuses  for  his  mis- 
takes. 

Mas6ne  m. ;  augm.  Maso.  *  =  Ma- 
gione,  house. 

Masbvio;  of  Masovia,  a  province  of  Poland  in 
which  Warsaw  is  situated. 

Massa  /  (A)  (L.  massn,  prob.  not 
original  in  L.  but  borrowed  from  Gr. 
/iafo,  barley  cake,  root  mag,  to  soften, 
v.  Madia,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  was 
mass  of  dough) ;  mass,  bulk. 

*i.  cake,  tart.  ii.  a  game  played  with  dice,  or  a 
call  at  that  game.  iii.  =  Macis,  mace.  iv.  Far  la — , 
to  assemble. 

(B)  (cogn.  Provenc..  and  old  Fr.  mas, 
farm,  farm-house,  Span,  masada,  farm- 
house, <  mlt.  Massa,  <  L.  mansa  f.  or 
n.  pi.  of  mansus,  part,  of  manere,  cp. 
supra  Masnada) ;  (mil.}  regimental  fund 
for  soldiers'  savings  towards  certain  ex- 
penses ;  —  della  biancheria,  linen  fund, 

—  della  calzatura,  boot  fund,  etc.     Ec- 
cedenza  di  — ,  when  a  man  is  allowed 
to  overdraw  his  account.      Ufficio  — , 
the  administration  of  the  fund.  Libretto 
di  — ;  soldier's  savings  book. 

*i.  original  producer,  cp.  Massaio.  Adamo  fu  — 
dell'  umana  generazionc,  Adam  was  the  progenitor 
of  humanity,  ii.  district  round  a  town  within  its 
jurisdiction,  v.  Faggia.  iii.  several  farms  collectively 
or  one  large  one. 

(C)  (artil.)  fore-sight  of  a  gun. 
t(D)(Span.  mas,<\,.  niagis);  adv.,  very. 
*(E)(r0«/r.  of  Matassia);  skein. 


Massaccia  f.\  pfgg.  Massa,  horrid  mass. 

*  Massacotto  m. ;  mass  of  semi-molten  glass. 
Massacrare    ind.    massicro;    as    E.      Ktym. 

dub.,  the  Hal.,  like  the  E.,  is  from  Fr.,  where  the 
origin  is  much  disputed.  The  most  probable  theory 
is  perhaps  that  of  derivation  from  some  corruption  of 
L.  macellarius,  butcher  (<  maceltus,  meat  market, 
v.  supra,  Macello),  cp.  old  Fr.  maceclier,  macfoctier, 
macacrier,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1010,  sub  vt*c, 

Massacro  m.\  i.  as  E.  2.  (herald.)  stag's  or 
sometimes  bull's  skull,  drawn  full  front.  It  is  also 
termed  Teschio. 

Massacrbcca  f. ;  Far  la  — ,  scherz. 
of  a  horse,  =  Crocchiare,  to  rattle  with 
a  loose  shoe  like  a  clucking  hen. 

Masaaggio  m. ;  (Fr.  massage,  < 
Arabic  mass,  to  feel  over,  to  handle) ; 
(med.}  massage. 

Massaia/  ;  housewife.  *as  adj.  old. 

Massaio  (Massaro)  m.  (mlt.  massa, 
farm-house,  v.  Massa,  B);  i.  house- 
holder, usu.  in  good  sense,  i.e.  good 
manager  of  the  household  affairs. 

2.  steward  of  the  municipal  pawnshop, 
or  other  institution.     3.    officer  of  the 
Accademia  della  Crusca. 

Massaidla  /^  (It.  massa,  B);  (orftith.)  i.  warb- 
ler, v.  Monachella.  2.  in  parts  of  Tuscany  this  name 
is  given  to  the  Culbianco,  wheatear. 

Massai6tto  m. ;  dim.  Massaio. 
*Massarayl;  i.  =  Massaia.     ii.  servant. 

*  Massare  ;  to  join  into  a  mass. 

*  Massaretta/;;  dim.  Massara  (ii). 

*  Massaria  f.;   i.  —  M;tsseria.     ii.  =  Masserizia, 
household    goods.      iii.  =  Masserizia   (iii) ;    Far    — 
dell'   animo,    to   make   proper  use  of  one's   mental 
powers,     iv.    flock  (of  sheep). 

*  Mass-arizia;  v.  -erizia. 

Massell-o  m.  (It.  massa);  i.  lump 
of  red-hot  iron.  2.  Oro,  argento  in  — , 
gold,  or  silver  ingot.  3.  as  attj.,  of 
furniture,  di  noce  — ,  (made)  of  solid 
walnut,  not  veneered.  4.  lump  of  stones 
or  bricks  held  together  by  mortar.  Aff. 
-are  to  strike  hot  iron,  -atura. 
*MasserangayC;  a  kind  of  flail. 

Masseria  f.  (mlt.  maseria,  <  massa, 
v.  Massa,  B) ;  i.  =  Mezzeria,  me'ta- 
yage.  2.  tenancy  including  a  number 
of  farms  and  large  quantities  of  stock. 

3.  large  quantity  of  cattle  without  refe- 
rence to  the  land  over  which  they  run, 
particularly  in  the  Tuscan   Maremma. 

4.  savings,  esp.  ill-judged  economies  ; 
Prov.  —   —  viene  il  diavolo  e  porta  via, 
ill-judged  economies  go  to  the  devil ; 
but  also  in  good  sense,  Prov.  La  cares- 
tia    fa    buona   — ,  high    prices    teach 
economy. 

Masserizia  (Massarizia)  /  (It.  mas- 
saro,  v.  Massa,  Ii; ;  I.  in  //.,  utensils, 
shop-fittings,  or  all  the  little  things  a 
person  might  take  when  going  out  for 
a  whole  day.  2.  economy  in  managing 
a  household. 

*i.  quantity  of  merchandise,  ii.  work  of  a  house- 
hold, iii.  fig.  proper  use  of  mental  ability,  v.  no.  (2) 
above  and  Massaria  (iii).  iv.  Far  —  de  fatti  suoi, 
to  live  a  retired  life.  v.  frugality ;  Mala  — ,  absence 
of  proper  care.  vi.  artisan's  tools. 
Masseriziaccieyl  //.;  rubbish. 

*  Masserizioso ;  frugal. 

*  Masseriziuola  f.;  dim.  spreg.  Masserizia. 
Masset-ere,  -crio  in.  (Or.);  (anat.)  the  mas- 

seter  muscle  of  the  face. 

Masse'to  /«. ;  place  full  of  large  rocks, 
v.  Masso. 

MassittayT;  ditn.  Massa,  little  heap. 

Massicciare ;  to  form  the  foundation 
of  a  road. 

46 — 2 


364 

Massicciata  /  ;  i.  foundation- 
making.  2.  the  foundation  itself  of 
the  road,  consisting  of  large  stones  set 
closely  together. 

Massicciato  m. ;  i.q.  Massicciata  (2). 

Massicc-io ;  i.  massive,  solid  (of 
silver  dishes,  etc.),  not  plated;  Legno 
— ,  heavy  wood ;  fig.  Braccia  -e,  strong 
arms ;  Libro  — ,  big  book,  but  implying 
heavy  quality ;  Errore  — ,  huge  blunder ; 
in  architecture,  heavy ;  Terra  -ia,  heavy, 
clayey  soil.  2.  as  sb.,  mass  of  a  moun- 
tain as  distinguished  from  its  surface. 
3.  (mar.)  chock,  a  stout  wooden  wedge 
for  fixing  casks,  etc.,  in  their  places. 

*i.  Disordine  — ,  complete  disorder,  ii.  valid, 
properly  qualified. 

Massicci6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  person  of 
heavy  build. 

Massicella  /  ;  dim.  Massa,  small 
ingot,  v.  Massello  (2). 

Massile:  of  Massilia,  in  Africa. 
*  Massilia /*. ;  =  Mascella,  jaw. 

Massima  /.  (L.  maximus);  maxim, 
principle.  In  — ,  as  a  general  rule,  as 
a  matter  of  principle.  Risoluzioni  di 
— ,  resolutions  (for  regulating  conduct) 
based  upon  principle. 

*in  music,  a  note  to  be  held  during  eight  beats  of 
the  time-unit,  equal  to  eight  semi-breves  of  the  old 
notation.  The  Massima  was  equal  to  two  Lunghe, 
and  the  Lunga  to  two  Brevi. 

Massim-e  or  -am^nte ;  chiefly. 

Massimo,  adj.  or  sb.  ;  maximum. 
Cerchio  — ,  on  a  sphere,  great  circle. 
*as  adv.,  chiefly. 

Mass-o  m.  (v.  Massa) ;  rock,  -i  er- 
ratici,  erratic  blocks  of  stone  transported 
by  ancient  glaciers. 

•Massoletta./;  molecule. 


Mass6n-e  m. ;  freemason,  v.  Fram- 
massone.  Aff.  -erfa,  -ico. 

Mass&r-a  (Hebrew  word  for  "tra- 
dition"); title  of  a  work  by  rabbinical 
authors  intended  to  settle  the  text  of 
the  Hebrew  scriptures.  Aff.-£\\  authors 
of  the  Massora,  -etico. 

*  Massoso ;  rocky. 

•Mastacco  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps<O.H.G.  mast, 
fatted,  root  mad,  v.  Matto);  sturdy. 

Mastacc6n-e  >«.,  -a/  (It.  mastacco); 
sturdy  person. 

Mastdllo  m.  (mlt.  mastellum,  < 
O.H.G.  mast,  a  pole,  cp.  A.S.  mcest,>'E.. 
mast) ;  wooden  bucket  for  carrying 
grapes.  Le  orecchie  del  — ,  the  ears 
or  handles  of  the  bucket,  -viz.  two  staves 
on  opposite  sides  projecting  above  the 
rest  and  perforated  for  a  bar  by  which 
the  bucket  is  carried. 

*  Mast icay!;=  Mastice. 

*  Masticacchiare  ;  to  chew. 

Mastic-are  ind.  mdstico,  -hi  (L., 
lit.  to  chew  mastic,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Masticate) ;  to  chew.  -  le  parole,  to 
bring  one's  words  out  slowly  and  indis- 
tinctly. —  un  complimento,  una  scusa, 
to  bring  it  out  hesitatingly.  —  una 
lingua,  to  speak  it  badly.  -  una  do- 
manda,  to  think  it  over.  —  male,  to 


MASSICCIATA— MATERIA 

be  unwilling  to  put  up  with.     —  veleno, 
to  be  in  a  rage. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto,  *-atticcio  thing  spat  out 
after  being  chewed,  -ato*re,  -atura  thing  chewed, 
•azione. 

*  Masticato  m. ;  paper  or  linen  spread  with  gum 
mastic. 

Masticatdrio;  i.  chewed  to  promote  the  flow 
of  saliva,  a.  as  sb.,  (cv/.^a  snaffle  with  rings  and 
little  beads  to  promote  saliva  in  a  horse's  mouth. 

Mastice,  or  pop.  Mastrice  m.  (L. 
mastiche,  <  Gr.  luurriyi,  so  called  be- 
cause used  for  chewing  in  the  East, 
cp.  /id<rrci£  mouth,  /laorafw  to  chew); 

1.  gum  mastic,  the  exudation  from  the 
mastic-tree,  Pistacia  lentiscus,  when  in- 
cisions are  made  in  the  bark.     2.   the 
tree  itself,  also  termed  Lentisco,  Don- 
nolo,  Sondrio.     3.  cement  or  putty  of 
various  kinds  according  to  the  purpose 
it  is  to  serve,  such  as  mending  china, 
or  for  use  by  dentists,  or  in  luting  water 
pipes,   etc.,    into    the    composition    of 
which,  however,  gum  mastic  does  not 
enter.      4.    composition   for   attaching 
false  moustaches,  etc. 

tspirit  flavoured  with  an  infusion  of  gum  mastic. 
Masticino;  containing  gum  mastic. 

Mastiett-are  ind,  mastie'tto;  i.  to 
provide  with  hinges.  2.  in  building,  to 
work  stones  to  a  true  flat  surface,  so 
that  they  fit  together  with  hardly  any 
joint.  3.  -  -  in  terzo,  in  locksmith's 
work,  to  put  two  sets  of  hinges,  so  that 
the  plate  can  be  folded  into  three.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Mastiette  ;  v.  Maschette. 

Masti£tto  m.  ;  i.  pin  which  fits 
into  a  ring  so  as  to  make  a  hinge. 

2.  hinge,  such  as  those  of  the  lid  of  a 
box.     3.  link-plate  of  a  lock,  a  piece  of 
metal  through  a  hole  in  which  the  pin 
of  the   lock   passes   when   the   key   is 
turned.     4.   one  of  the  two  large  pins 
of  a  printing  press.     5.  (pop.)  dim.  of 
Mastio  for  Maschio,  nice  little  boy. 


Mastrice  m.;  fop.  for  Mastice,  gum  mastic. 
MastrilH  in.  ;  the  name  of  a  famous  brigand. 
Mastrina/;  a  kind  of  large  chest  used  in 
tobacco  refining. 

Mastro  (var.  of  Maestro)  ;  i.  Libro 
—  ,  or  —  ,  ledger;  Riportare  a  —  ,  to 
post  in  the  ledger.  2.  Master,  as  a 
quasi-title,  v.  Maestro. 

*i.  =  Maestro,  master;    —  d'  ascia,   ship's  car- 
penter.    ii.   doctor  in  a  university. 

*  Mastrozzo  M.  ;  cap  worn  under  the  helmet. 

*  Mastrucayl;  ancient  Sardinian  dress. 

*  Mastrusciere  m.  ;  door-keeper. 
Masturb-are  (L.,  <manu,  txtartare);   as  E. 

Ajf.  -azione. 

Masurca  ;  v.  Mazurca. 

Mataco  ;«.;  a  species  of  armadillo,  Euphractus 
apftr. 

*  Matafano  m.  ;  a  Venetian  coin. 
Matafioni    m.  pl.~,    (mar.)   i.f.    Mattafioni, 

lashings. 

Matallo  nt.\  (bot.)  i.  white  beam,  v.  Sorbo  (3). 
2.  —  falsa,  =  Lentnggine,  laurustinus. 

tMatan,  Mattana/;  sting-ray,  v.  Trigone. 
tMatanza(Mattanza)/  (dial.  I.  of  Elba);  lake 
of  tunnies. 

tMatare;=Alberare,  to  supply  the  masts. 
Matardzza/;;  v.  Mattarozza. 


Mastino  m.  (bit.  **;«««  suetinus, 
lit.  accustomed  to  the  hand,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Mastiff)  ;  mastiff.  *i.  of  a  mastiff. 
ii.  clumsy. 

Mastio;  v.  Maschio. 

Masti-ona,  -6tta;  pop.  for  Maschi- 
ona,  -otta. 

Mastiume  m.  ;  the  male  beasts  of  a 
herd. 


Mastodonte  m.  (Gr.  naoros,  breast,  oSovc, 
tooth,  from  the  protuberances  on  the  molar  teeth 
of  the  animal);  mastodon. 

Mastodontico  \  Jig.  enormous. 

MastdideyC  (Gr.  ftaarof,  breast);  (mutt.')  the 
mastoid  process  of  the  temporal  bone. 

Mastoideo;  (anat.)  nipple-shaped. 

Mastra/.  (L.  mactra,-Ci\.  paKTpa, 
root  mag,  to  soften,  cp.  Gr.  /ido-o-w,  for 
**  mag-so,  to  knead,  v.  Madia);  i.  baker's 
kneading-trough.  2.  a  sort  of  bridge 
on  which  hides  are  hung  to  drip  into 
the  dressing  tubs  of  a  tannery.  3.  (mar.) 
(a)  coaming,  the  raised  border  round  a 
hatchway,  preventing  water  from  going 
down  ;  (6)  any  strong  timber  or  plate 
serving  as  a  base  or  support  to  a  struc- 
ture, "partner";  -  -  d'  albero,  mast- 
partner  ;  del  verricello,  winch- 

partner. 


Matass-a/  (L. 
raw  silk);  i.  skein,  bobbin  (of  wool, 
silk,  etc.),  tied  up  in  a  hank,  or  wound 
on  a  reel  ;  Avviluppare,  Arruffare  una 
—  ,  to  tangle  a  skein;  Ravviare,  Stri- 
gare,  Riordinare  la  —  ,  to  disentangle 
it;  Una  —  di  serpi,  a  knot  of  serpents. 
2.  fig.  a  tangle  ;  Prov.  Trovare  il  capo, 
il  bandolo  alia  —  ,  to  find  the  end  of 
the  skein,  usu.  said  fig.,  i.e.  to  find  the 
way  out  of  the  entanglement,  v.  Ban- 
dolo. Also,  with  the  same  meaning, 
Rinvergare  la  —  . 

Aff.  -accia  /*££•.,  -ella  -etta  dims. 

*  Matassata  f.  ;  i.   quantity  of  skeins,     ii.  Jig  • 
entanglement. 

Matass-fna  f.  ;  dim.  of  -a,  smaller 
than  -etta.  A  -ine,  in  reels  or  hanks, 
as  distinct  from  Gomitoli,  balls. 

Matassino  m.  ;  small  hank  of  string 
or  roll  of  fine  wire,  or  of  paper  for  a 
telegraphic  printing-apparatus. 

*Mate  /;  =  Madre,  mother. 

Matemat-ica  or  pop.  Mattematica  f.  (Gr. 
tia.v6o.vta,  to  learn);  mathematics.  Studia  la  —  , 
with  a  play  on  the  word  Matto,  he  is  showing 
symptoms  of  insanity.  *  magic.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico. 

Mateo  M.;  perforated  platform  over  lime-kilns. 

Materay;  (It.  matero)  ;  (war.)  i.  that  part  of 
the  frame  of  a  ship  which  forms  the  lowest  part  of  a 
pair  of  the  ship's  ribs  (Corbe),  the  Matera  having  iu 
middle  point  over  the  keel.  a.  A  —  or  Per  —  ,  cross- 
wise, referring  to  anything  stowed  so  as  to  have  its 
longest  side  transverse  to  the  fore  and  aft  line.  3.  in 
//.,  cross-pieces  forming^  the  floor  of  the  ship. 

*  i.  =  Materia.    ii.  =  Cera,  facial  appearance. 

Materass-a  /  (Span,  al-madraque, 
<  Arabic  matrah,  situation,  place  where 
anything  is  thrown  down,  hence  thing 
thrown  down  to  lie  upon,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.)  ;  mattress.  Dormire  come  le  -e 
che  stanno  sempre  sul  letto,  i.e.  to  in- 
dulge in  a  great  deal  of  sleep. 

Aff.  -abile  scherz.  of  a  woman,  -accia  /«£•.,  -aio 
mattress  maker,  -ina  dim.,  -ino  dim.,  smaller  than 
•ina,  -uccia  dim.  pegg.,  -uccio  dim. 

Materassata  /  ;  i.  a  blow  or  fall 
upon  a  mattress.  2.  a  fall  from  a  high 
place. 

Materi-a  f.  (L.);  i.  matter;  also, 
as  in  E.,  matter  in  the  sense  of  purulent 
matter.  2.  material,  e.g.  for  making  up 
an  album.  3.  Indice  delle  -e,  index  of 
the  contents  (of  a  book).  4.  Prender 


MATERIACCIA— MATTO 


365 


— ,  to  take  occasion  (for  saying...). 
5.  (theol.}  =  Cagione  ;  La  —  prossima 
del  sacramento  della  Penitenza,  the 
next  occasion  for  the  sacrament  of 
penance.  6.  (theol.)  Parvita  di  — ,  un- 
importance of  a  sin,  therefore  usu.  in 
neg. ;  Nei  peccati  sensuali  non  vi  ha 
parvita  di  — ,  in  sins  of  the  flesh  there 
is  none  that  is  unimportant.  7.  (med.) 
in  pi.,  evacuations  from  the  stomach  or 
bowels. 

Materiaccia/^;  pegg.  Materia. 

Material-e;  adj.  or  s6.,  material.  Uomo  — , 
man  without  many  ideas,  unimaginative. 

Aff.  -accio  excessively  matter-of-fact,  -etlo  dim. , 
•ismo,  -ista,  -istico,  -ita,  -izzare,  -m£nte,  -one  angin., 
-otto  dim.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Matern-o;  as  E.    Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Meltero  (L.  materis,  Celtic  javelin) ; 
shoot  from  the  stump  of  a  Spanish 
chestnut,  or  other  pollarded  tree. 

Materdzza/;  v.  Mattarozza. 

Materbzzo^o  m. ;  piece  of  wood  tied 
to  keys  to  prevent  their  being  lost. 

Matico  //;.  ;  a  Peruvian  plant  of  the  pepper 
family,  the  leaves  of  which  are  used  in  medicine. 

Matildino  ;  relating  to  Countess 
Matilda  of  Canossa,  who  lived  in  the 
nth  century. 

Matinata  /  ;  morning  serenade,  v. 
Mattinata. 

Matlt-a/  (It.  ematita,  haematite); 

1.  black   lead,   graphite.      2.  =  Lapis, 
pencil  ;    strictly   speaking,   Lapis   is   a 
wooden  lead  pencil,  Matita  the  lead,  or 
rather  graphite,  contained  in  the  wooden 
casing;  the  term  is  also  employed  for 
coloured     pencils;    Disegni   a    tre   -e, 
drawings  made  with  black,  white  and 
red  chalk. 

Matitatdio  m. ;  pencil-case. 

*  Matone  /«.  (var.  of  Mattone);  clod  ofclay. 

Matracc-io  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  matras, 
Span,  matraz,  prob.  <  Arabic  malara, 
wine-skin,  which  is  possibly  <Gr.  /J.UK- 
rpa,  bathing-tub,  also  kneading-trough, 
root  mag,  to  soften,  v.  Madia) ;  (ckem.) 
retort.  Aff.  -e^to  dim. 

*Matrema_/I;  my  mother. 

Matres^lva/ ;  =  Madreselva,  honey- 
suckle. 

*Matreta./;  your  mother. 
*Matria./;  mother-land. 

Matricale  m. ;  (bot.)  feverfew,  Matri- 
caria  parthenium,  also  termed  Matri- 
caria  comune  or  medicinale,  Amareggi- 
ola,  Morella. 

Matricaria  /  (botanist's  Latin,  the 
plants  having  been  used  to  ease  the 
pains  of  child-birth);  (bot}  a  genus  of 
plants  including  chamomile,  feverfew, 
etc. 

Matrice  jf.  (L.  matrix,  womb,  also 
breeding  animal,  <  mater) ;  i.  womb. 

2.  (min.)  =  Ganga,  matrix,  gangue,  the 
earthy  surroundings  of  ore.    3.  counter- 
foil.   4.  {print.}  matrix.     5.  Chiesa  — , 
church  with  a  font. 

*  i.  mother,     ii.  nursery  for  plants  or  animals. 
Matricid-a  m.  or/".,  with  pi.  m.  -i,  //.  f.  -e ; 

murderer,  or  murderess,  of  a  mother. 

Matricfdio  m. ;  the  crime  of  matricide. 

Matricina/  (-0  m.}\  in  pi.,  young 


shoots  left  to  grow  instead  of  being  cut 
for  underwood. 

Matricin-O;  reserved  for  breeding. 
Lana  -a,  wool  from  breeding  ewes. 

Matrici6sa ;  suffering  from  disease  of  the 
womb. 

Matricola/  (bit.  matricula,  dim.  of 
L.  mater);  i.  fee  paid  for  practising  an 
art  in  medieval  Florence.  2.  register 
of  fees  and  of  those  who  paid  them. 
3.  certificate  of  membership  ;  Prendere 
la  — ,  to  join  some  guild.  4.  register 
of,names,  parentage,  etc.,  of  soldiers  or 
public  servants  of  any  kind ;  Numero 
di  — ,  register  number.  5.  Matricula- 
tion at  a  university. 

Matricol-are  ind.  matricolo;  i.  to 
register,  v.  -a.  2.  part,  -ato,  thorough. 
Aff.  -azirine. 

Matrign-a  (Madrigna)  /  (L.  mater, 
with  suffix  =  L.  -ineus) ;  stepmother. 
Aff.  -escamdnte,  -^sco. 

Matrimdni-o  m.  (L.,  <mater,  with  suffix  of 
relation);  as  E.  Ajf.  -accio  ftgg.,  -ale,  -almente, 
-<5ne  augttt.,  splendid  marriage,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*  Matrina/;;=Comare,  godmother. 
Matris61va/;  =  Madreselva,  honeysuckle. 
Matrizzare;  =  Madreggiare,   to    resemble    the 

mother. 

Matr6n-a /.  (I,.,  <itiater,  with  augm.  suffix); 
as  E.  Aff.  -ale,  -almente. 

Matta/  (A)  (v.  Matto);  i.  mad 
woman.  2.  at  cards,  a  sort  of  joker ; 
at  the  game  of  Setta  e  mezzo,  the  queen 
of  hearts  or  of  diamonds.  3.  lamb's 
head  without  the  brain,  cooked  in  oil. 

(B)  (L.  matta,  with  a  late  L.  variant 
natta,  prob.  of  Phoenician  origin,  cp. 
Hebrew  mitthah,  covering)  ;  =  Stoia, 
mat,  esp.  in  monasteries. 

*(C)  ;=Mandra,  drove. 

Mattacchi6n-e  m.,  -&/.  (augm.  vezz. 
of  Matto) ;  half-cracked  person,  but  one 
who  is  a  pleasant  creature  withal. 

Mattaccln-0 ;  adj.  or  sb.,  i.  =  Mat- 
tacchione,  but  less  mad;  Che. -a  di 
bambina,  what  a  droll  little  girl. 

2.  strolling  dancer.     3.   in  //.,  certain 
odd   sonnets    composed   by   one   Caro 
against  a  man  named  Castelvetro. 

Mattadore  m.  (Span,  matador,  < 
malar,  to  kill,  <  L.  mactare) ;  matador 
at  a  bull-fight. 

Mattafi6n-e,  Matafidn-e,  Mataffi6n-e  m,; 
(mar.)  i.  furling-Hne,  also  termed  Gerlo,  a  line  for 
securing  a  sail  when  furled.  i.  in  //.,  -i  d'  in- 
feritura,  ropebands  by  which  the  head  of  a  sail  is 
fastened  up,  also  termed  Cassette  d'  infioritore. 

3.  —  di  terzaruolo,  reef  point,  a  short  line  to  secure 
the  reefed  portion  of  a  sail,  also  termed  Gerlo  per 
terzaruolo.     4.   —  per  serrare  una  tenda,  lashing  of 
an  awning. 

Mattai6n-e  ;«. ;  a  barren  kind  of 
clay  soil  in  Tuscany,  also  termed 
Biancana.  Aff.  -6so. 

Mattana/  (It.  matto);  i.  hysterical 
ill-temper,  depression  or  whim.  2.  by 
exi.,  changeable  weather.  *  =  Noia, 
boredom,  ^v.  Matan. 

tMattanzay;;  i.f.  Matanza,  catch  of  tunnies. 
•Mattapane  m. ;  old  Venetian  coin  worth  four 
soldi. 

*  Mattare   (L.   mactare,   root   mac,   happy,   the 
killing  beinjf  in  connection  with  sacrificial  festivities) ; 
i.  to  kill.     ii.  to  give  checkmate,     iii.  to  punish,  to 
lacerate. 


Mattar611-a  (Mazzarella)  /  ;  long 
club  used  by  cattle-drovers. 

Mattarello  (dim.  Matto;  if  said  of 
a  man  dim.  spreg.,  if  of  a  boy  dim. 
vezz.} ;  crazy. 

Mattarozza  (Matarozza,  Materozza) 
f.  (prob.  <  L.  materis,  javelin,  referring 
to  its  heavy  head,  v.  Matero) ;  i.  =  Ca- 
pocchia,  club-head.  2.  a  sort  of  ball  at 
the  end  of  the  mould  for  casting  cannon. 
3.  the  superfluous  metal  of  the  casting, 
which  is  subsequently  removed. 

t  Mattarugiolo  in. ',=  Matterugiolo. 

Mattata/ ;  mad  freak. 

*  Mattatoio  in. ;  public  slaughter-house. 

*  Mattea^;_/£;H,  of  Matteo,  Matthew.   Uccellare 
la  — ,  to  be  ridiculous.     Dondolare,  Minchionare  la 
— ,  to  talk  nonsense. 

Matteggiare  ind.  matteggio ;  to  play 
the  fool. 

•Mattelli  m.  pi.;  skeins  of  silk. 
tMattello  m.;  clay. 
Mattematica ;  v.  Matematica. 

Matteo  m.  ;  i.  Matthew.  2.  scherz. 
=  Matto.  3.  Secondo  — ,  or  Secundum 
Matteum,  as  the  whim  takes  you.  4.  in 
glass-works,  dry  storing-room  for  fuel. 

*Matteray.  (L.  mactra,<Gr.  naKTpa,  knead- 
ing-trough, >  Neapolitan  dial.  Matra.  Moucrpa  is 
synonymous  with  nayis,  root  magt  to  soften,  v. 
Madia):  kneading-trough. 

Matterdllo  (A);  =  Mattarello,  crazy. 
(B)  sb.  (dim.   Mattero);    i.   rolling- 
pin.     2.  stirrer. 

Matterell-one  ;  augm.  of  -o  (A), 
crazy. 

Matterfa/  (It.  matto);  freak. 

•Mattero  in.  (It.  mattera,  kneading-trough); 
rolling-pin. 

Matt-enigio,  -eriigiolo  m.  (dim. 
Matto);  i.  weak-minded  person.  2.  small 
and  feeble  chick. 

•Mattesia/;  mad  behaviour. 

Matt^zza/ ;  madness. 
Mattla;    i.  f.  craze.     2.   m.  Mat- 
thias. 

Mattfn-a  f.  (L.  matutina,  sc.  hora, 
akin  to  mane,  early,  Matuta,  goddess  of 
dawn,  and  perhaps  to  maturus,  and  to 
mdnus,  kind);  morning.  AJf.-3LCC\a.pegg. 

Mattinare  ind.  matti'no  ;  to  serenade 
in  the  morning. 

Mattinata  y.' ;  i.  the  time  of  morn- 
ing from  sunrise  to  noon.  2.  morn- 
ing serenade.  3.  (theat.)  matinde, 
morning  performance. 

Mattiniero ;  early  rising. 

Matt-o  (A)  (late  L.  mattus,  drunk, 
root  mad,  wetness);  i.  mad,  v.  Pazzo; 
—  da  catena,  stark  mad,  lit.  so  as  to  be 
chained  up.  2.  —  di,  frantically  fond 
of;  Gusto  — ,  frantic  delight  in  some- 
thing. 3.  (Cavallo)  — ,  difficult  to 
manage.  4.  Fila  -e,  short  threads  in 
a  confused  mass.  5.  Ruote  -e,  wheels 
on  castors  that  can  fun  in  any  direction. 
6.  Testa  -a,  lamb's  head  with  the  brain 
removed. 

(B)  (Persian  mdt,  dead,  in  the  phrase 
sh&h-mat,  checkmate,  ///.  the  king  is 
dead,  the  use  of  the  word  passing  into 


366 


MATTOIDE— MAZZETTA 


general  use  in  Europe  from  the  game 
of  chess);  I.  dull,  cp.  Germ,  matt,  Fr. 
mat;  Oro  — ,  dull  gold.  2.  Carro  — , 
carriage  for  transporting  heavy  weights. 
3.  weak  (limb).  4.  Peli  -i,  Penna  -a, 
down,  downy  feather  in  a  bird.  5.  Casa 
-a,  (a)  fortress  prison,  (b)  casemate, 
shot-proof  store-room.  6.  Passera  -a, 
hedge-sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  I,  e). 
7.  Scacco  — ,  checkmate. 

As  si. :  8.  fool.  9.  at  the  game  of 
Tarocchi,  a  card  which  can  neither 
take  nor  be  taken,  a  sort  of  dummy; 
Esser  come  il  —  ne'  tarocchi,  i.e.  to  be 
welcome  everywhere.  10.  at  roulette, 
the  partition  occupied  by  the  zero. 

Mattdide  ni. ;  slightly  mad  person. 
tMattolico;  rather  mad. 
Mattolinai/;=Mattulina,  woodlark. 

Mattonaia  /.' ;  brick-yard,  tile-yard. 
Mattonaio  m. ;  brick,  or  tile  maker. 

Mattonato  »i. ;  =  Ammattonato,  tiled 
floor. 

Matton-cello  m. ;  dim.  of  -e. 
Matton-cino    ;«.  ;    i.    dim.    of   -e. 

2.  sweetmeat  in  shape  of  a  brick. 
Matton-cidne  m. ;  augm.  of  -e. 
Matt6n-e  m. ;  (A)  i.  brick;  -i  crudi, 

cotti,  arrotati,  lustri,  verniciati,  unbaked, 
baked,  rubbed,  glazed,  highly  glazed 
bricks ;  —  leggiero,  galleggiante,  a  light 
porous  kind  of  brick  that  floats  in  water; 
—  ordinario,  common  stock  brick,  the 
measurements  of  which  in  Italy  are 
25'6x  I2'8x6'4  centimetres,  nearly  the 
same  as  an  English  brick  in  length  and 
breadth,  but  of  less  thickness.  2.  - 
sopra  —  or  —  soprammattone,  a  wall 
of  one  brick  in  thickness  ;  the  same 
expression  —  sopra  — ,  may  be  said 
jestingly  on  seeing  a  couple  of  simple- 
tons or  a  couple  of  rogues  together. 

3.  —  per  coltello,  per  ritto,  or  per  taglio, 
a   brick   laid   edgeways,   on    its    side; 
Muro  a  —  per  ritto,  a  wall  of  bricks  on 
edge.     4.  Avere  il  — ,  of  gilding,  to  take 
an  unpleasant  brick-red  colour.  5.  Dare 
il  —  ai  panni  lani,  to  take  the  creases 
out   of  cloth   by  passing   a  hot   brick 
wrapped  in  damp  linen  over  it.    6.  Pos- 
sedere,  or  Avere  que'  tre  -i,  to  own  a 
little  house;    Menzini,  when  he  wrote, 
referring  to  himself,  "Quel  prete  pazzo 
che  nacque  in  tre  -i  a  Rubaconte,  that 
mad   priest   who  was   born  in  a  little 
house,   lit.  in   three   bricks,  at    Ruba- 
conte," was  alluding  to  one  of  the  little 
houses  that  used  to  stand  on  the  piles 
of  the  Ponte  alle  Grazie  at  Florence,  in 
which  he  was  born.     7.  Vatt'  a  lavare 
con  un  — ,  go  and  wash  with  a  brick, 
said   to    one   with   a  very  dirty   face. 

8.  Dare  il   —  a,  to  abuse  (a  person). 

9.  —  mezzano,  or  Mezzana,  flooring- 
brick  or  tile ;  these  flooring-bricks  are 
also  termed  Quadrelli,  Quadretti,  Qua- 
drettoni,  or  Quadrucci;  they  are  gene- 
rally 25-6  centimetres  square,  and  3-2 
centimetres  thick,  or  half  the  thickness 
of  an  ordinary  wall-brick.     10.  Far  tre 
passi  in  un  — ,  to  take  three  steps  on 
one  tile,  i.e.  to  move  very  slowly.  1 1.  — 


pianello,  or  Pianella,  flat  roofing-tile, 
•v.  Pianella.  12.  -  -  refrattario,  fire- 
brick, made  from  pure  fire-clay.  13.  at 
cards,  -i  =  Quadri,  diamonds,  see  the 
note  under  Carta 

*i.  Dare  il  —  ,  (rt)=Vincer  la  mano,  to  come  out 
first,  (£)  to  kill.     ii.  rock.     iii.  lump  (of  marble). 

Etym.  Cog*,  old  Genoese  and  Piedm.  dial. 
moon,  Friuli  dial,  ntadon,  Neapolitan  mautone,  of 
unknown  origin.  The  suggestions  are  (i)  L.  mactus, 
fart,  of  tnacere,  to  maul,  to  beat,  from  which  mattone 
would  be  a  regular  augmentative,  (2)  mat,  a  Germanic 
root  appearing  in  German  dial,  matte,  curds  of  milk, 
French  dial,  tnaton,  with  the  same  meaning,  (3)  L. 
maltha,  mortar,  v.  supra,  Malta,  and  (4)  L.  titaaitttts. 
But  not  one  of  these  is  at  all  convincing. 

Matt6ne  (B)  (augm.  scherz.oi  Mat- 
to);  Matto  —  I  you  great  lunatic  ! 

Mattonella  f.\\.  cushion  of  a  bil- 
liard-table. 2.  Di  —  ,  on  the  rebound  ; 
also  fig.,  indirectly.  3.  briquette  of 
coal.  4.  a  boy's  game,  v.  Muriella, 
and  Sussi. 

*  Mattoniero  m.',  brick-maker. 

Mattuccio  ;  dim.  scherz.  Matto  —  ! 
you  little  lunatic  ! 

Mattugio,  Mattugiolo;  i.  Passera  mattugia, 
tree-sparrow,  Passer  montanus,  also  termed  Fringn- 
ello  campestre,  Passera  migliarina,  Passero  mattu^mo. 


2.  =  Matterugiolo,  feeble-minded. 

MattulTn 
lark. 


,  . 

a   (Mattolina)  y:;  =  TottavilIa,    wood- 


Mattutinante  ;  of  a  priest,  going  to 
matins. 

Mattutin-o  ;  i.  in  the  morning  ; 
Ore  -e,  the  canonical  Hours  sung  at 
Matins.  2.  early.  3.  as  .r<$.,  =  Mattina, 
morning.  4.  matins. 

*Cantare  il  —  a  uno,  to  speak  one's  mind  frankly 
to  him. 

tMatuffi  in.  pi.  ;  =  Gnocchi,  dumplings. 

*  Matufolo  ;//.;=  Batuffolo,  confused  heap. 
•Matulay^;  chamber-pot. 

Matur-are  (L.  maturus,  root  ma,  measure, 
time,  cp.  L.  inane,  matutinus,  manus,  good  :  the 
orig.  meaning  therefore  of  maturus  was  "timely"); 

1.  tr.  or  intr.  ,  to  ripen.     2.  to  consider  maturely. 

Ajf.  -ametite,  -am^nto,  -ativo,  -azione,  -6tto 
dim.  nearly  mature,  -ita,  -o,  -one  augm.  fully 
matured  (wine). 

Mau  ;  i.q.  Gnao,  a  cat's  mew. 

*  Maunque  ;  =  Mai,  never. 

Maupaleon  m.  ;  a  carnivorous  animal,  Lyno- 
galf  bennettii,  found  among  the  swamps  of  Sumatra 
and  Borneo. 

Maurino  ;  belonging  to  the  Benedictine  Order 
of  S.  Mauro. 

Mauriziano;  belonging  to  the  knightly  Order 
of  SS.  Maurice  and  Lazarus. 

Mauro  ;  poet,  for  any  distant  land. 

Mausoleo  ;«.  (from  Mausolus,  the  Carian  prince 
to  whose  memory  his  widow  Artemisia  built  a  monu- 
ment); mausoleum. 

tMavesto;  v.  Lepidopo. 

*  Mayi  m.  (Turkish  word);  bright  blue. 
Mazama  m.  ;  Virginian  stag,  Redunciiui  vir- 

giniana. 

fMazorin  /«.;  =  Germane,  wild  duck. 

Mazurca  or  MasurcayT  (Polish  word,  from 
the  name  of  the  inhabitants  of  Masovia,  q.v.);  i.  the 
polka  mazurka.  2.  music  for  the  same. 

Mazz-a/  (bit.  **matea,  mallet,>L. 
tnateola,  v.  Skeat,  sub  M  ace)  ;  I  .  club. 

2.  walking-stick;  —  ombrello,  umbrella 
and  walking-stick  combined.    3.  stone- 
breaker's  hammer,  sledge-hammer.  4.  in 
paper  mills,  stamper.     5.    in  printing, 
rounce.  6.  (paint.)  mahl-stick.   7.  mace 
(of  a  ceremonial  office),  herald's  staff. 
8.  Mandare  alle  -e  del  pari,  to  reckon 
several  persons  all  alike.     9.    Menare 
alia  —  ,  to  lead  (an  animal)  to  slaughter. 
10.  fig.  to  lure  to  destruction,     n.  bar 
between  the  legs  of  a  chair.      12.   at 
billiards,  mace.      13.    (med.)  piston  of 


an  enema  syringe.  14.  handle  of  a 
syringe.  15.  —  di  nocciuolo,  the  hazel- 
wood  mace  formerly  borne  by  Austrian 
corporals  as  a  sign  of  their  command. 

1 6.  Girar  la  —  attorno,  to  deal  blows 
all    round,    or  fig.   to   speak    evil   of. 

17.  — ,  or  —  sorda,  the  feathery  tuft  of 
a  reed,   formerly   believed    to    induce 
deafness  if  placed  in  the  ears ;  —  sorda 
is   also   a   name  for  the  broad-leaved 
reed-mace,  v.  Sala  (C,  c}.    1 8.  —  d'  oro, 
loose-strife,  Lysimachia  vulgaris,   19.  — 
di  S.  Giuseppe,  oleander,  v.  Oleandro. 
20.  —  ferrata,  a  variety  of  globe  arti- 
choke, cp.  infra  (viii). 

*i.  the  handle  of  a  flail,  ii.  Alzar  la  — ,  to 
threaten  a  whipping,  but  Alzar  le  -e,  to  go  away, 
iii.  Andare  alia  — ,  to  be  deluded  (into  doing  some- 
thing), but  Andare  a  — ,  to  lean  on  a  stick  in  walking, 
iv.  Aver  -e  eccetera,  =  Restare  scornato.  v.  Metier 
troppa  — ,  to  go  too  far  in  speaking  or  acting, 
vi.  Lavorare  a  -e  stanga,  or-  a  mazzastanga,  to  work 
with  all  one's  might,  vii.  -e  =  Mazzate;  Aver  -e  e 
coma,  to  be  knocked  about,  viii.  —  ferrata,  a  kind 
of  fungus,  cp.  supra  (20). 

+  Mazzacanatay*. ;  a  hit  with  a  stone. 

t  Mazzacane  tn. ',  i.  stone,     ii.  queer  fellow. 

*  Mazzacastello  in.;  monkey  for  pile-driving. 

Mazzacavallo  in.  (for  Mazza  a  ca- 
vallo,  the  lever  being  as  it  were  a  rider 
on  its  pivot) ;  long  lever  working  on  a 
pivot  for  raising  water  from  a  well, 
•whip. 

Mazzacchera  /.  (apparently  a  dim. 
akin  to  Mazza,  cp.  Mazzera);  apparatus 
for  catching  eels  and  frogs,  eel-pot. 

Mazzacdrto  tn. ;  i.  coil  of  sail-rope. 

2.  string  for  winding  a  boy's  top. 

•Mazzacotto  m.;  a  substance  used  in  making 
glass. 

*Mazzaculare  (Mazziculare,  Mazzucolare) ;  to 
fall  headlong. 

*Mazzafrusto  in.;  i.  cat  o'  nine  tails,     ii.  sling. 

Mazzagatti  m. ;  pocket  pistol. 

*  Mazzamarrone  w. ;  booby. 

*  Mazzamurro  tn. ;  crumbs  made  up  into  cattle- 
food. 

*  Mazzancollo  in. ;  coarse  grass. 

*  Mazzangherare  ;  =  M;azerangare. 

*  Mazzangola  f.;  sledge-hammer. 

Mazzapicchi-o  in.  ;  mallet,  esp.  of 
the  kinds  used  by  coopers  in  hooping 
casks,  and  by  slaughterers.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Mazzaprete  ;«.;  (mar.)—  Pastecca  del  viratore, 
roller  for  "messenger." 

*  Mazzarangay^i-Mazzeranga,  rammer. 

*  Mazzarella/;  =  Mattarella,  staff. 

*  Mazzastanga;  A  — ,  with  all  one's  might. 

Mazzat-a  / ;  blow  with  a  club,  -e 
sudice,  or  da  ciechi,  random  blows. 

Mazzera/  ;  bag  of  stones  for  weight- 
ing down  the  net  used  in  tunny  fishing. 

Etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  akin  to  Mazza,  cf.  Mazzo. 

Mazzeranga  (Mazzaranga)  /  (It. 
mazza,  +  ranco,  crooked) ;  beetle,  ram- 
mer for  turf,  etc. 

Mazzerangare ;  to  beat  down  (turf). 
Of  sheep,  to  tread  (the  ground)  in,  to 
poach. 

Mazzerare  (Ammazzerare)  ind.  maz- 
zero;  to  drown  by  throwing  into  the 
water  with  a  weight  attached. 

*  Mazzero  ;«. ;  i.  club.     ii.  unleavened  bread. 

Mazz^tta  /.  (dim.  vezz.  Mazza, 
walking-stick)  ;  i.  cane.  2.  mallet. 

3.  (hot.)  graft. 


MAZZETTINA— MEDIOEVO 


367 


Mazzettina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  Mazzetta, 
cane. 

Mazzettlno  m. ;  dim.  Mazzetto,  esp. 
a  bunch  of  vegetables;  a  small  bunch 
of  flowers  being  usu.  termed  Mazzolino. 
At  cards,  Fare  il  — ,  to  make  up  the 
cards  unfairly,  instead  of  shuffling  them 
properly. 

Mazzdtt-o  m. ;  i.  dim.  Mazzo,  bunch 
or  bundle.  2.  pack  of  cards.  3.  Fiori 
a  — ,  (hot.}  flowers  whose  peduncles  are 
close  together  so  as  to  form  a  natural 
bunch.  4.  Cantare  le  litanie  a  -i,  to 
make  three  invocations  at  once  in  the 
litany. 

*Mazzic-are;  to  beat  with  a  mallet,  to  pound, 
•arsi,  to  fight. 

*  Mazziculare  ;  i.g.  Mazzaculare,  to  fall. 

Mazziere  m. ;  i.  mace-bearer.  2.  lic- 
tor,  in  ancient  Rome. 

Mazziniano ;  relating  to  Mazzini, 
the  celebrated  revolutionary  (1805 — 
1872). 

Mazz-o  m.  (var.  of  Mazza,  from  the 
club-like  appearance  of  a  bunch  of 
flowers);  i.  bunch  of  flowers,  vegetables, 
small  birds,  keys,  or  any  other  articles 
tied  up  together.  2.  ball  of  wool,  coil  of 
rope,  etc.  3.  group  of  persons,  usu.  in  bad 
sense,  group  of  rogues.  4.  pack  of  cards, 
Fareil  — ,  to  shuffle.  5.  Entrareor  Met- 
tersi  in  — ,  to  intervene.  6.  Andare  in 
— ,  to  fall  into  the  category  of.  7.  Met- 
tere,  or  Porre  in  — ,  to  class  in  the 
same  category.  8.  In  un  — ,  the  whole 
(story)  at  once.  9.  slaughterer's  club. 

10.  =Mazzeranga,  rammer,     u.  a  large 
rammer,  such  as  used  for  pounding  rags 
in  a  paper-mill,  or  for  cloth,  or  in  pile- 
driving.     12.  Alzar  i  -i,  (a)  to  go  away; 
(6)  to  raise  the  voice  and  speak  threaten- 
ingly.    13.  inking-pad. 

*i.   Far  —  de'  suoi  salci,  to  tie  up  one's  willows, 
i.e.    to    go    away,    go    about    one's    own    business. 

11.  pole,  long  stick,     iii.    Alzare  i  -i,  to  steal,  /*'/. 
to  lift  up  the  bundles,     iv.   Un  —  di  carciufi,  bunch 
of  artichokes,  a  term  used  for  a  great  booby. 

*  Mazzocchiaia  /.;   i.    quantity  of  Mazzocchi, 
z>.  'Mazzocchio  (i)  and  (ii).     ii.    person  who  makes 
Mazzocchi.     iii.  milliner. 

Mazzbcchio  (Mazzocco)  m.  ;  i.  a 
variety  of  endive  with  long  smooth 
leaves.  2.  chicory  heads  run  to  seed, 
given  to  horses  as  a  purge.  3.  as  adj., 
Gran  — ,  a  variety  of  corn  which  tillers 
out  freely  and  makes  several  stalks. 

*  i.  a  quantity  of  things  tied  up  together,     ii.  rib- 
bons, rosettes,  etc.,  for  women's  hair.    iii.  troop  of 
cavalry,    iv.   (a)  ducal  cap;  (b)  some  ornament  of 
the  same  ;  (c)  a  sort  of  porter's  knot  or  pad.     v.  part 
of  the  head-gear  formerly  worn  by  the  higher  magis- 
trates at   Florence,     vi.    Aggiustare  il  —  a  uno.  to 
bring  him  to  reason,     vii.    iron.   Un'  insalata  di  -i, 
i.e.  a  good  beating,     viii.    the  torus  of  a  column ; 
this  consists  of  two  parts,  of  which  the  lower  rests 
on  the  dado,  and  the  upper  supports  the  shaft. 

*  Mazzocchiuto  ;  =  Pannocchiuto,  knobbed. 

*  Mazzocco  ;«.;  =  Mazzocchio. 

Mazzbla,  Mazzubla/;  i.  stone- 
breaker's  hammer.  2.  execution  of 
criminals  by  clubbing.  3.  —  da  cala- 
fato,  (mar.)  caulking  mallet. 

Mazzolare  (Ammazzolare)  ind.  Maz- 
zolo;  i.  to  make  Mazzoli.  2.  v.  Maz- 
zola  (2).  *to  thresh  corn. 

Mazzolata  /. ;  blow  with  a  Maz- 
zolo. 


Mazzollno  m.  ;  dim.  Mazzo,  nose- 
gay. II  giuoco  del  —  ,  game  of  the 
names  of  flowers. 

Mazzdlo,  Mazzublo  m.;  \.  stone- 
cutter's mallet.  2.  mallet  for  breaking 
clods  of  earth.  3.  in  />/.,  strips  of  arable 
land  in  the  Maremma  of  Tuscany  raised 
above  tile  swamp  level  and  separated 
from  each  other  by  large  ditches. 
4.  dim.  Mazzo,  a  small  bunch.  5.  perch 
for  an  owl. 

Mazz6ne  m.  ;  augm.  Mazzo,  large 
nosegay.  *mullet. 

Mazzonerfa  /.  ;  architectural  paint- 
ing. 

Mazzbtto  m.  ;  large  wooden  sledge- 
hammer hooped  with  iron,  for  splitting 
logs  with  wedges. 

*  Mazzucolare  ;  i.g.  Mazzaculare,  to  fall. 

Mazzubla  /.'  ;  v.  Mazzola. 

*i.  young  branch,  sucker,  shoot  from  the  stub. 
ii.  in/?.,  (vet.)  small  tumours  on  the  shins  of  horses, 
also  termed  Ganglii. 

t  Mazzuneddu  m.  ;  v.  Ghiozzo  (3). 

Mazzudlo  m.;  v.  Mazzolo. 
tMazzurin  m.;  (war.)=Bozzello,  block. 

Me  ;  me.  Non  saper  ne  di  —  ne  di  te,  to  be 
insipid,  esp.  of  a  speech. 

Me';  i.  for  Mezzo,  Per  me',  in  the 
middle  of,  close  by.  2.  for  Meglio, 
better. 


i.  short  for  Bartolomea. 
2.  a  kind  of  game  played  with  a  sort  of 
rose  round  which  a  pointer  is  made  to 
revolve. 

Meandrq  >«.;  i.  the  river  Meander  in  Asia 
Minor.  2.  winding  of  a  river,  etc.  3.  a  winding 
ornamentation  on  clothes.  4.  (arch.)  wavy  decora- 
tion on  a  frieze. 

*  Mearc  (L.);  to  trickle  out  or  through. 
Meato  m.\  (attat.)  passage. 

Mecca  f.  (cogn.  rtmilian  dial,  smeco,  rouge,  < 
M.H.G.  s-micke,  varnish,  >  Germ,  schtneicheln.  to 
coax,  cp.  A.S.  smicere,  pretty,>early  E.  to  smicker, 
i.e.  to  ogle,  perhaps  akin  to  smile);  varnish  for  silver 
gilding. 

Meccanic-ay:  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Macchina);  me- 
chanics. Aff.  -amente,  -ico,  -ismo. 

*  Meccere  m.;=  Messere,  sir. 
tMecchiarini,  Mecchiati  m.;  grey  mullet,  v. 

Mnggine  (3). 

*  Mecco  m.  (L.  moechns)\  adulterer. 
t  Mecello  m.  ;  =  Capezzolo,  nipple. 

Mecenate  m.  ;  Maecenas,  or  meton.  for  patron. 

Mechitarristi  m.  pl.\  the  Armenian  monks  at 
Venice  ;  the  institution  was  founded  by  Mechitar 
in  1701. 

Meco  ;  short  for  Con  me,  with  me. 

Meconico;  (chem.)  Acido  —  ,  a  body  found  in 
opium. 

Mecbnio  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  prjKtavinv, 
poppy-juice,  <pjicw</,  poppy);  r.  meco- 
nium,  the  excrements  of  a  new-born 
baby.  2.  =  Oppio,  opium. 

Meda_/C  (prob.  a  variant  of  Meta,  A);  (mar.) 
beacon. 

Medaglia  /  (bit.  **metallea,  <  L. 
metallum);  i.  medal;  —  di  presenza, 
metallic  certificate  for  attendance  duly 
made  at  some  work.  2.  coin,  when 
speaking  of  coins  in  collections. 

*  Medagliata/!  ;  quantity  worth  one  coin.    Avere 
caro  meno  d'  una  —  ,  t.e.  to  value  at  nit. 

Medagliere  m.  ;  collection  of  coins 
or  medals. 

Medagli-6tta  dim.,  -na  dim.  vezz., 
-6na  augm.,  of  -a. 

Medaglion-cino  m.  ;  dim.  of  -e  (2). 


Medaglidne  m. ;  i.  augm.  Medaglia. 
2.  medallion.  3.  fig.  portrait  written  by 
an  historian  in  his  history.  4.  scherz., 
dignified  but  heavy  personage. 

Medaglista  m.  •  coin-collector. 

Medagli-ucciay:;  dim.  spreg.  of -a. 
•Medelay:  (L.,  v.  Medico);  medicine. 
*  Mederno ;  same. 

Medesimarsi  ;  to  identify  oneself 
(with). 

Medesime'zza  / ;  identity. 

Med&jim-o  (cogn.  Proveng.  smetess- 
me,  medesme,  meesme,  old  Fr.  meisme, 
>Fr.  mt-me,  old  Span.  >neismo,>Span. 
mismo ;  <blt.  **metipsimus  for  **semet- 
ipsisstmus,  a  super •/.  <L.  semet+ipse)  ; 
same.  Aff.  -amente. 

Media  f.  (L.  medius,  v.  Mezzo)  ; 
i.  average.  2.  (matk.)  mean.  3.  in 
schools,  medium  place,  medium  pro- 
ficiency. 

Mediano ;  median,  middle. 
Mediante;  by  means  of. 

Mediastino  m.  (late  L.  meiiiaslinus,  central, 
<iiiettius);  (ariat.)  as  E.,  the  heart  cavity. 

Mediat-o;  indirect,  mediate.     Aff.  -amente. 

Mediatdre  m. ;  I.  mediator.  2.  in- 
termediary, broker.  3.  at  cards,  the 
same  game  as  Quadrigliati,  or  Tres- 
setti  in  cjuattro.  4.  in  playing  either 
at  Quadrigliati  or  Quadresella,  Far  - 
is  to  play  against  all  the  other  three 
players. 

Mediatrice/;  v.  Mediatore. 

Mediazi6ney; ;  i.  mediation.  2.  bro- 
kerage, commission.  3.  (hist.)  Atto  di 
— ,  the  act  which  constituted  Switzer- 
land in  1803  under  the  intervention  of 
Napoleon. 

Medica/  ;  i.  lady-doctor.  2.  (hot.) 
(a)  Erba  — ,  or  simply  Medica,  lucerne, 
Medicago  sativa ;  (6)  —  arborea,  =  Ci  tiso 
arboreo,  tree  medick. 

Medic-are  ind.  medico ;  to  give 
medicine  to,  to  doctor,  to  medicate. 

Aff.  -abile  curable,  -accio  pegg.  of  Medico, 
•amento,  -amcntoso  i.q.  Medicinale,  -astro  sfreg.  of 
Medico,  -atore  -atricc  healing,  -atura  treatment, 
dressing,  -azione  i.q.  Medicatura,  -hessa  lady-doctor, 
-hetto  dim.  vezz.  of  Medico,  -fna,  -inale,  -inalmente, 
-one  augm.  of  Medico,  -onzolo  dim.  spreg. ,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Medi-ceo;  i.  Medicean,  belonging  to  the 
Medici  family.  2.  Stelle  -cee,  the  satellites  of 
Jupiter,  so  named  by  Galileo. 

Medicherfay:;  receiving-room,  or  out-patients' 
room,  in  a  hospital. 

Medico  m.  (A)  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Medicine) ;  doctor.  —  condotto,  parish 
doctor.  —  Grillo,  ignorant  doctor. 

t(B);  the  middle  finger. 

M  ed  ievale  ;  =  Medioevale,  medieval. 

Medinense  ;  Vena  — ,  so  called  from  the  town 
of  Medina  where  the  disease  prevailed,  infection  by 
the  Guinea  worm,  Filaria  medinensis. 

Medio  (L.,  v.  Mezzo);  i.  middle. 
2.  middling.  3.  average. 

Medi6cr-e(I,.,<»/frf/»j);  as  E.    Aff.  -eme'nte, 

Medioev-o  m.  (L.  medium  ccvum,  for 
ovum  cp.  Gr.  ma>v,  dfl,  Gothic  aius, 
time,  aiv,  ever,  Germ,  muig);  the  Mid- 
dle Ages,  i.e.  from  Charlemagne  to  the 
Reformation.  Aff.  -ale. 


368 


MEDITARE— MELUZZOLA 


Medit-are  ind.  medito ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abile 
-abondo  meditative,  -atam6nte,  -ativo,  -atrice,  -azion- 
cella  dim,,  -azione. 

Etym.  L.,  root  metf,  an  extension  of  me,  to 
measure,  cf>.  Gr.  1*171',  the  moon,  as  time-measurer, 
jATJVis,  counsel,  L.  modus,  a  measure,  mensist  a 
month,  lit.  a  lunation,  A.S.  w^/rt«,>E.  to  mete,  ?•. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  755. 

*  Meditullio  /«.;  middle. 

Medusa  f.\  i.  (myth.)  the  Gorgon  slain  by 
Perseus.  2.  jelly-fish. 

Mee  ;  /<?/.  for  Me. 

Mefist6fel-e;  the  Devil  in  Goethe's  Faust. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Mefit-e/  (L.);  foul  air  in  a  cave.     Aff.  -ico. 

Megaceros  HI.  (Gr.  fie'yas,  xe'pas,  horn);  Irish 
elk. 

Megalitico  (Gr.);  megalithtc,  referring  to  the 
large  stone  monuments  of  France  anterior  to  the 
time  of  the  Celts. 

Megalomania  f.  (Gr.);  national  ambition. 

MegerayC;  one  of  the  Furies. 
tM6ggiay7  (bit.  **metiat  v.  Me'ta);  dung. 
•Meggio;  i.  =  Mezzo,     ii.  =  Meglio. 
tMeggidnay^;  fat  and  contented  person. 

Meglio  (L.  melior,  comparat.<rQQ\. 
mcl,  great,  v.  Molto)  ;  better.  Fare 
alia  — ,  to  manage  as  well  as  the  case 
permits,  to  provide  what  is  reasonably 
good.  Ho  fatto  alia  — ,  I  have  named 
my  lowest  price. 

Dc^3  Meglio  is  properly  an  adverb; 
the  Italian  for  better  as  adj.  is  Migliore, 
though  in  careless  talking  Meglio  might 
be  said  for  Migliore  in  the  sense  of 
best. 

Megliorare  ind.  meglioro;  —  Mig- 
liorare,  to  improve. 

*Mei;  i.  me.  ii.  of  me.  iii.  middle,  iv.  better. 
tv.  //.  of  Meo,  boys,  short  for  San  Bartolomei, 
that  saint's  day  being  the  boys'  festival  day  at 
Pistoia,  v.  Meo. 

Meino ;  dim.  Meo,  short  for  Bartolomeo. 
L'  alba  di  — ,  i.e.  midday. 

M61-ayi ;  r.  apple,  v.  Melo  ;  Tempo 
di  -e  cotte,  time  of  baked  apples,  i.e.  of 
dull  business;  Innamorato  da  -e  cotte, 
sorry  sort  of  lover.  2.  —  del  duomo,  ball 
on  the  top  of  a  cathedral  dome.  3.  -e 
canine,  the  berries  of  the  autumnal 
mandrake,  Atropa  mandragora.  4.  rose 
of  a  watering-pot,  usu.  Cipolla.  5.  in 
//.,  scherz.  for  buttocks. 

*i.    prominence  of  the  cheek,     ii.  -e  di  culaccio, 
part  of  the  rump  of  the  carcase  of  an  ox.     in.  name 
of  a  variety  of  grape,     iv.  child's  ABC  sheet. 
Melaccia  f.\  pegg.  Mela. 

*  Melacchino  ;  with  a  taste  of  honey. 
Melacitola/;  (A?/.)  balm,  v.  Erba  (27). 

Melacot6gna/ ;  quince,  v.  Melo  (2). 

*Melagginey:;  blight. 

Melagr clna,  Melagranata  /  (It. 
mela-fgrano,  i.e.  apple  with  grains); 
i.  pomegranate.  2.  the  colour  thereof. 
3.  drink  made  therefrom. 

*  Melagrancia  ^i^Melarancia,  orange. 

Melagrano,  Melograno,  Melogra- 
nato  m.  ;  (dot.)  pomegranate  tree, 
Punica  granatum. 

Melaio  m.  •  apple-seller,  esp.  of  early 
green  apples. 

*  Melancolia    (Melanconia)   f.\  =  Malinconia, 
melancholy,   i.e.  either  simple  sadness,  or  mental 
derangement,  melancholy  madness. 

Etym.  I,.,  <Gr.  /xeAay^oXia,  <  fte'Aac,  black, 
XoAiJ,  bile,  the  ancients  having  associated  dark  bile 
with  mental  depression.  The  normal  colour  of  bile 
is  yellow,  which  accounts  for  the  word  xoAij,  root 
gkal,  yellow,  cp.  E.  gall.  The  second  I  suffering 
the  common  change  to  «,  and  the  e  being  replaced 
by  a  through  a  sort  of  attraction  from  the  word 
Male,  we  find  altogether  four  forms  in  Italian 
writers  Melancolia,  Melanconia,  Malanconia  and 
that  now  in  use  Malinconia. 


•Melangola  f.  (Gr,  fj.t\ay\\upo<;,  <  (ie'Aas, 
black,  xAwpos,  green);  i.  a  variety  of  melon,  ii.  the 
bitter,  or  Seville  orange.  tin.  a  variety  of  cucumber 
dark  at  the  ends  and  green  in  the  middle. 

Melanite  f.\  as  E.;  it  is  a  dark  variety  of 
garnet. 

Melanteria  /?  (Gr.);  any  kind  of  black  oxide. 
tMelantoun  m.\  v.  Lamna. 

*  Melantro,  Melantio,  Melanto;  v.  Melanzio. 
Melanuro  in.  (Gr.  j&Aac,   black,  oupd,  tail); 

black-tail,  a  Mediterranean  fish,  Sparustnelanurus, 
Melanzana  (Melengiana)  /.  (Fr.  merattgene^ 

for  the  further  curious  etym.  v.  Petonciano);  (bat.) 

mad-apple  or  egg-plant,  Solatium  tnelongtna. 

Melanzio    ///.   (L. ,  <  Gr.    fieAai/dtof,  <  ^te'Aa$, 

black,  av9os,  flower,  from  the  black   seeds);    (bot.) 

fennel-flower,  v.   Erba  (145). 

Melardnc-iayC;  =  Arancia,  orange. 

*i.  invention,  fiction,  ii.  Far  -e,  to  make  a 
display,  iii.  Prav.  Coloro  a  cui  puzzano  i  fior  di  -e, 
they  to  whom  orange  blossoms  are  not  sweet,  i.e. 
who  are  excessively  difficult  to  please. 

Melarancio  w.;  =  Arancio,  orange-tree. 

*  L   Far  d'  un  —  un  p_runo,  i.e.  to  improve  what 
needs  no  improvement,     ii.    Fasciare,  or  Ricoprire  il 
— ,  i.e.  to  wrap  oneself  up  against  the  cold.    iii.  Gover- 
nare  un  — ,  =  Andar  di  corpo,  to  have  an  action  of 
the  bowels,     iv.   the  buttocks;  Aver  da  ricoprire  il 
— ,  to  have  clothes  to  put  on. 

Melardinayi;  (but.)  dyers'  rocket,  v.  Erba  (55). 

Melare  ind.  mdlo ;  to  jeer  at,  lit. 
pelt  with  apples. 

*MeIario  m. ;  bee-hive. 

Melarbsa  f.;  i.  a  rose-scented  kind  of  lemon. 
2.  a  brightly  coloured  kind  of  apple. 

Melassa/  (Span.  melaza,<\^.  mel- 
laceum  must,  grape  juice  boiled  thick, 
<.mel)  honey) ;  molasses,  a  brown  syrup 
that  remains  after  the  sugar  cane  has 
been  treated  for  the  extraction  of  sugar. 

Melata/  (A)  (It.  mele) ;  honey-dew, 
a  blight. 

(B)  (It.  melare)  jibe,  ///.  shot  with 
an  apple.  *dish  of  baked  apples. 

M elata-l inaiola/ ;  (tot.)  =  Carpaterra,  dodder. 

Melelt-o  ;  i.  made  with  honey. 
2.  fig.  Parole  -e,  honied  words  in- 
tended to  deceive.  3.  of  a  horse, 
dappled. 

*Melazzo  w.;  =  Melassa, 

Melchisedecchiani  ;//.  //.;  a  sect  who  held 
that  Melchisedec  was  Christ. 

M  elchisedcch  ;//. ;  this  name  is  sometimes 
used  as  symbolical  of  the  priestly  office. 

*  Meldrariayi;  greediness. 

Mele  m.  ;  poet,  for  Miele,  honey. 
—  ibleo,  of  Hybla,  famed  for  its  sweet- 
ness. -  ascreo,  of  Ascra,  i.e.  Greek 
poetry,  Hesiod  having  been  born  there. 

*  Meleay^=Fr.  meUe,  hand-to-hand  fight. 
Mele^gride  y. ;  i.  =Gallina  di  Faraone,  guinea 

fowl.  2.  m  //.,  (myth?)  the  sisters  of  Meleager,  who 
bitterly  lamented  his  death  and  were  changed  into 
birds  called  after  his  name. 

Meleagrinayl;  a  genus  of  molluscs  including 
the  pearl  oyster. 

*Melegario  (Melegaro,  Melicale)  /«.;  dry  stalk 
of  the  Meliga,  dhurra  plant. 

*  Meleghettayi^Cardamo,  cardamom. 

*  Melengiana  /;  =  Melanzana,  egg-plant. 
Meleno  tn.;  (chort.)  i.  a  lubricant  obtained  in 

the  manufacture  of  paraffin.     2.  an  extract  of  wax. 

Melens-0  (Milenso)  (etym.  unkn.)  ; 
dull,  stupid,  heavy.  Aff.  -aggine. 

Mele'to  m.  ;  i.  apple  orchard. 
2.  scherz.  the  buttocks. 

tMell;  =  Li,  there. 

Melia/;  (tot.)  Indian  lilac,  v.  Perlaro. 

Meliac-o  (Muliaco),  pi.  -i,  m.  (by  aphaeresis 
<  L.  Armeniacum)  \  (bot.)  a  variety  of  apricot  tree, 
Prumts  Armeniaca,  var.  nucleo  ama.ro.  Aff.  -a, 
the  fruit. 

Melicayi;  (hot.)  i.  melic  grass,  Mtlica.  2.  v. 
Meliga. 

Meliceride  f,  (L.  melicerist<Gr.  fte'At,  honey, 
+«ijp<is,  wax);  (med.)  sebaceous  cyst. 

*  Melichino  m.\  mead,  liquor  made  from  honey. 


t,  song);  lyrical. 


Melico  (L.,<Gr.  f 

Mdliga,  Melica/  (mlt. 
milium,    millet)  ;    (hot.)   dhurra   grass, 
v.  Saggina  (i). 

*Meligine/;  =  Melata,  honey-dew. 

MeliTdto  m.  (L.,<Gr.  ^eAiAwror);  (hot.)  \.  — 
balsamo,  blue  melilot,  Melilotus  caerulca.  2.  — 
nostrale,  Italian  melilot,  Mf  Hiatus  Italica.  3.  — 
officinale,  melilot,  v.  Erba  (159). 

Melina./;  dim.  vezz.  Mela,  apple. 
t  Melingrano  m.;—  Melagrano,  pomegranate. 

MelinTteyi;  the  explosive  of  that  name  invented 
in  France  in  1886. 

Melin-o  (A)  m.'t  i.  dim.  vezz,  Melo,  apple-tree. 
2.  (bot.)  bastard  balm,  Melittis  melissof>hyllum, 
also  termed  Melissa  salvatica,  Bocca  di  lupo.  3.  oil 
of  quince  flowers. 

(B)  Terra  -a,  a  whitish  earth  from  the  island  of 
Melos. 

Melissa  f.  (Gr.  ^e'A(,<r<ra,  bee);  (bot.)  balm,  7'. 
Erba  (27). 

Mell^tta  /.  (a  confusion  between 
Melma  and  Belletto,  with  the  meaning 
of  the  latter)  ;  paint  for  the  face. 

Mellett-dne  /«.;  augtn.  of  -a,  abundance  of 

paint. 

Mellifero;  (poet.)  honey-bringing. 

Melliflu-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 
*Mellina>/;  Malines,  cloth. 

Mellitey^;  a  honey-coloured  rock. 
t  Mello,  Merlo  w.;  =  Mallo,  husk. 

Mellonaggine/  ;  stupidity. 

*  Mellonaio  /«.:  water-melon  bed. 
•Mellone,  Melone  m.  (\..  melo,  for  mcfapepo^ 

=  Gr.  ii-fi\oirtiTtav,<tir)^ovt  apple,  +ire'irwi>,>L.  /c/tf, 
a  species  of  large  melon);  i.  =  Popone,  water-melon. 
ii.  stupid  fellow;  Ayere  il  —  ,  to  be  the  last,  to  be 
worth  least,  iii.  bridle. 

M^lm-a  (Memma)/  (O.H.G.  melm, 
dust,  cp.  Gothic  malma^  sand,  root  mel, 
to  grind,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Malm, 
Meal);  i.  mud,  esp.  that  deposited  by 
floods.  2.  fur  in  the  mouth  from  in- 
digestion. Aff.  -oso. 

M61o  m.  (L.  ?naluM)**Gr.  pJAoi/); 
i.  (bot.}  apple-tree,  Pyrus  mains.  2.  — 
salvatico,  crab.  3.  —  cotogno,  quince 
tree,  v.  Melocotogno. 

*MeIo  m.  (Gr.  f«'Ao$,  song);  melody. 

Melocatto  m.  ;  (bot.)  melon  thistle, 
Melocactus. 

Melocot6gno,  or  as  two  words  Melo 
cotogno,  m.  (L.  malum  cotoneum^Gr. 
/ir/Xov  Koficoi'toi',  //'/.  apple  of  Cydonia,  a 
town  in  Crete);  quince  tree,  Cydonia 
imlgaris. 

Melod-(a  /  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  we.)  ; 
melody. 

Aff.  -icamente,  -ico,  -iosame"nte,  -ioso. 

Melodramm-a  m.  (Gr.  ^e'Ao?,  song,+api/*a, 
<  fipabf,  to  act);  musical  play.  Aff.  -accto  pegg.^ 
-atico. 

Melofaro  m.  (Gr.  ^'Ao?,  <^apoc,  v.  Faro);  a 
lantern  with  paper  transparencies  on  which  music 
for  night  serenades  is  printed. 

Melol6ntay.;  cockchafer,  v.  Maggiolmo. 

Melomania  f.  (Gr.);  mania  for  music. 

Melon;  r.  Meloncillo. 

Mel6nayC;  i.  augm.  Mela,  apple.  2.  scherz. 
buttocks. 

Melonctllo  m,\  (bot.)  burnet,  v.  Salvastrella. 

Meloncillo,  Meldn  m.  ;  Spanish  mongoose, 
Herpestes  Widdringtonii. 

Melopea/  (Gr.);  art  of  melody. 
*Melopopone  m.  \  apple-shaped  melon. 

MelbriayT;  i.  an  island  off  Tuscany.  2.  scherz. 
for  Mele,  buttocks, 

*  Melota  f.  (Gr.  /i^Aum},   sheepskin);   hermit's 
dress. 

Meluccia  (Meluz/a)  /.  ;  dim.  spreg.  Mela, 
unripe  apple. 

Meluggine  f.\  =  Melo  salvatico,  crab-apple 
tree. 

*Melume  w.;  =  Me1aUj  honey-dew. 

MeIuzza_/I;=  Meluccia.     *in  //.,  cheek-bones, 

Meliizzola/  ;  crab-apple. 


Membran-a/.  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -aceo,  -e'tta 
aim.,  -oso. 

Membratura  /;  (arcA.)  arrangement  of  the 
parts  of  a  structure. 

Membrettare;  (arch.)  to  ornament. 

Membretto  w.;  i.  dim.  Membro.  a.  (arch.) 
ornament,  architectural  member  of  a  building. 

Membr-o  m.  (L.),  with  //.  -i  or,  in 
sense  of  limbs  collectively,  -a;  as  E. 

t —  di  re,  v.  Donzella  (2,  b).  Aff.  -olino,  -uccio, 
dims, 

Membruto  ;  with  powerful  limbs. 

Memento  m.  (L.,  imperative  of 
memini,  to  remember,  root  men,  to 
think) ;  i.  intercessory  prayer.  2.  the 
point  of  the  service  where  these  prayers 
are  said.  3.  —  mei,  (Latinism)  remem- 
ber me. 

*  Meminerizzare ;  to  record. 
Meminna/;  musk  deer,  Moscus  mcminna. 

*  Memma/;  =  Melma,  mud. 

Memme ;  =  Mommo,  drinking. 

Memorabil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -mente. 

Memorandum  m.;  as  E. 

Memore  (L.,  root  smer,  to  remember,  cp. 
Sanskr.  smarti,  memory,  smara,  love,  Gr.  paprvt, 
witness,  fiepipi-a,  care,  L.  mara,  delay,  lit.  stopping 
to  think) ;  mindful. 

Mem6ria  /  (L,  v.  Memore)  ; 
i.  memory.  2.  note  of  reminder. 
3.  record.  4.  memorial,  as  of  griev- 
ances. 5.  the  back  of  the  head. 
6.  Dire  a  — ,  to  repeat  verbatim.  7.  Im- 
parare,  Mandare  a  — ,  or  a  mente,  to 
learn  by  heart.  8.  memoir.  9.  Per 
— ,  the  cry  of  hawkers  to  proclaim  the 
cheapness  of  their  wares. 

Memoriale  m.  •  i.  (eccl.)  book  of 
memorials.  2.  memoir.  3.  memorial 
tablet  or  building.  4.  memorial  of 
grievances.  5.  catalogue.  ' 

Memorialista  m.;  writer  of  memorials. 
Memori-etta/;  dim.  of -a. 
Memori-ana/;  atigm.  of -a,  good  memory. 
Memon-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of -a,  long  memorial. 

Me'na  f.  (It.  menare,  cp.  Fr.  men/e) ; 
in  //.,  underhand  dealings. 

*i.  Vedi  la  lor  — ,  behold  (the  usurers')  lot 
D.  Inf.  17.  39.  ii.  Di  si  diversa  — ,  of  such  different 
characters,  D.  Inf.  24.  83. 

Menade/  (Gr.)  ;  Maenad,  priestess  of  Bacchus. 

Menadito  (It.  menare,  dito);  A , 

with  exact  accuracy,  lit.  so  that  the 
finger  can  be  laid  upon  every  item. 
Also  iron.  Chiocciola  che  va  a  — ,  a 
snail  of  a  watch  which  keeps  time  when 
its  hands  are  put  right  by  the  finger. 

•Menagione/;  (med.)  disordered  flux. 

Menale  m.;  (mar.)  i.=Tirante,  hauling  rope 
of  a  pulley.    2.  in  pi.,  cant  frames,  v.  Quinto  (A 
•Menantewi.;  copyist. 

Men-are  ind.  me'no,  fut.  mener6  or 
•merro,  *merrenti  for  ti  meneremo 
(bit.  tninare  to  conduct,  lit.  to  conduct 
by  threatening, <L.  minari,  to  threaten, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Amenable ;  for  minari  v. 
infra  Minaccia) ;  to  lead.  None  of  the 
secondary  meanings  are  far  removed 
from  this;  the  following  are  some  of 
the  principal : 

i.  to  draw;  E  tu  allor  Ii  prega  Per 
quell'  amor  che  i  -a,  e  quei  verranno, 
do  thou  beg  them  by  that  love  which 
draws  them  (or  the  influence  of  which 
they  feel)  and  they  will  come,  D.  Inf. 
5.  78.  2.  to  pull  (a  cart).  3.  to  carry 
along ;  La  bufera  infernal  che  mai  non 
H. 


MEMBRANA— MENO 

resta,  -a  gli  spirti  con  la  sua  rapina, 
the  never-resting  hell-storm  whirls 
the  spirits  in  its  train,  D.  Inf.  5.  31. 
4-  to  conduct;  Le  cose  d'  Europa 
sono  -ate  pur  male,  one  cannot  say 
that  the  affairs  of  Europe  are  well 
conducted  ;  Pensossi  di  voter  molto 
cautamente  —  questo  amore,  he  re- 
flected that  he  wished  to  manage  this 
love-affair  very  discreetly ;  Gli  accorgi- 
menti  e  le  coperte  vie  lo  seppi  tutte,  e  si 
menai  lor  arte,  Ch'  al  fine  della  terra  il 
suono  uscie,  I  knew  all  wiles  and  hidden 
ways,  and  practised  their  use  to  such 
purpose  that  the  report  thereof  was 
bruited  over  all  the  world,  D.  Inf. 
27.  78.  5.  of  medicine,  to  act.  6.  of 
soil  or  water,  to  produce  (plants  or 
animals).  7.  to  be  a  sign  of,  to  bring 
(good  or  bad  weather);  Aria  rossa  da 
sera  buon  tempo  -a,  a  red  sky  in  the 
evening  brings  fine  weather.  8.  to  shake 
(the  head),  or  wag  (the  tail),  to  shake 
up  (materials  for  anything  together). 

9.  to  take ;  —  prigione,  to  take  prisoner. 

10.  to  work  or  wield  any  implement ; 
—  il   mantice,    to    work    the   bellows. 

11.  intr.    to   lead;     Dove    -a    questa 
strada?  where  does  this  road  lead  to? 

12.  to  quiver,  as  branches  of  trees  in 
the  wind.     13.   -a  che  ti  -o,  he  keeps 
hitting  about,  he  is  a  swaggering  bully. 

Compound  phrases  :  14.  —  il  can 
per  F  aia,  to  spin  out  a  discussion  with 
irrelevant  matter,  v.  Aia  (6).  1 5.  —  al- 
legrezza,  to  be  cheerful.  16.  —  F  anche, 
i.e.  to  walk  quickly.  17.  Barca  — ,  i.e. 
to  make  good  use  of  one's  opportunities. 
1 8.  —  per  bocca,  to  speak  evil  of.  19.  — 
a  braccia,  to  support,  hold  up.  20.  — 
buono,  to  allow.  21.  --  calcagna,  to 
spur.  22.  —  a  capo,  to  finish.  23.  — 
la  frusta,  or  la.  s/erza,  to  display  severity. 
24.  —  le  gambe,  to  run  away.  25.  —  i 
giorni,  or  la  vita,  to  fret  away  one's  life 
uselessly.  26.  —  la  lingua,  to  speak 
evil  of.  27.  —  per  le  lunghe,  or  per  la 
lunga,  to  make  delays.  28.  —  le  mani, 
(a)  to  fight,  (b)  to  exert  oneself.  29.  — 
di  mani,  to  beat.  30.  --la  mazza 
tonda,  to  act  without  regard  to  any- 
body. 31.  —  F  orso  a  Modena,  =  to 
carry  coals  to  Newcastle,  bears  having 
been  native  in  the  Apennines  near  Mo- 
dena. 32.  —  ^parole,  to  spin  out  an 
affair.  33.  —  di  punta,  to  stab.  34.  — 
s/erza,  v.  supra  (23).  35.  _  a  spasso, 
to  make  a  fool  of,  delude  with  vain 
promises. 

•Menarina/;  girl  who  turns  the  spindle. 
Menardla/;  boring  tool,  drill. 

Menata/ ;  a  shake,  toss.   *handful. 

Menat-ina/;  dim.  of -a. 

Menatoio  m. ;  i.  stirrer.     2.  pump- 
handle. 

*  Menatore  m.;  captain,  leader. 
Menatura/;  movable  joint  in  the  body. 

Me'nci-o;  flabby.  Aff.  -<5ne  -6na 
augms. 

Etym.  Perhaps  of  Slavonic  origin.  Miklosich 
has  a  Slav  root  mctiku,  soft,  as  in  old  Slavonic 
mfkitku  (e  =  en,  ii  as  in  Russian),  soft,  mtk-nati,  to 
become  soft,  Russian  mjagkij,  soft,  tender,  mellow 
Lithuanian  minkiti,  to  knead,  minkltai  (5  =  sh), 


369 


soft. 


'ft.     \hklostch  also  cites  Roumanian  (Wallachian) 
itnA  (J  =  E.  ch),  soft.    The  Italian  word  may  be 

from  Roumanian  and  this  from  Slavonic,  cp.  Walde 

sub  Mancus. 

Menda/  (L.  menda,  akin  to  Sanskr. 
minda,  deformity)  ;  i.  fault,  defect, 
bodily  or  moral.  2.  (poet.)  sin. 

*i.  lack.     ii.  =Ammenda,  compensation;  Tornare 

— ,  to  make  compensation,  hence  to  amend  one's 

ways;  Dana  —  ai  ducati  traboccanti,  he  would  give 

amendment  to  overflowing  ducats,  i.e.  he  finds  fault 

everywhere. 

Mend -ace;  mendacious.     Aff.  -acio,  a  lie. 
Etym.     L.  men-dax,  lit.  inventive,  root   men, 
to  think. 

*Mendare;=Emendare,  to  amend. 

Mendic-o  (L.,<,,unda,  lit.  faulty,  incapable 
of  work);  begging,  or  as  sb.  beggar.  Aff.  -ante 
•are,  -ita. 

*  M-!"d°Sf ;  '-,  fa?'ty-     "'  ("""'•)  false  (ribs). 
Mene ;  pop,  for  Me. 

Meneghino  m.;  i.  fop.  for  Domenico.  2.  a 
Milanese  mask,"  v.  Maschera.  3.  II  gran  — 
viz.  C.  Porta. 

Mene"s  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  rfv,  month)  ; 
prayer-book  of  the  Greek  liturgy. 

Menestrello  (Ministrello)  m.  (mlt. 
menestralis,  servant,  hence  one  who 
played  instruments  or  acted  as  jester, 
<L.  minister,  v.  Ministro);  minstrel. 

Menfiy:;  Memphis,  in  Egypt. 

Meng-o,  -a ;  pop.  for  Domenic-o,  -a,  v.  Menico. 

Mengoi  (perhaps  corr.  of  Mongioia,  a  word 
taken  from  Fr.  mon-joie);  pop.  for  money 

Memanto  m  •  (tat.)  bogbean,  v.  Trifoglio  (5). 

Menico  m.  (short  for  Domenico)  ;=  Beco  block- 
head. 

Menilfna  f.  (from  Mene,  the  name  of  its  dis- 
coverer);  aniline  yellow. 

Menilite  /.  (from  Menil  Montant  near  Paris, 
the  place  where  it  is  found);  a  variety  of  opal 
It;  T  Ml  "a1"'  Men'impipo  or  Menempipo 
(M.  I  fill  my  pipe  with  it)  as  st. ;  Con  un'  espressione 
—  •  w"t  an  expression  of  indifference  to  the  whole 
world  and  everything  in  it. 

•       Men'nge  ./f  (Gr.  rfnyt,  membrane);  (med.) 
in  pi.,  the  membranes  that  surround  the  brain 
•Memno;  famished. 

Menippeay:  (from  Menippus,  _flor.  B.C.  270); 

Menisco  m.  (Gr.  /iTpioxof,  crescent,  dim  of 
Hin),  the  moon);  i.  concave  lens.  2.  concave  or 
convex  surface  of  the  liquid  in  a  capillary  tube. 
3.  (anat.)  articular  cartilage  of  the  temporo-maxillary 
and  certain  other  joints. 

Menispermo  m. ;  a  genus  of  plants,  one  species 
of  which  has  an  edible  fruit  from  which  an  intoxicant 
is  manufactured. 

M6nno  adj.  or  sb.  (mlt.  menuato, 
part,  of  menuare,  <  L.  minugre,  to  di- 
minish); i.  sexually  impotent.  2.  with 
little  or  no  beard.  *defective. 

Mennonlta  m.;  in  pi.,  a  sect  of  heretics. 

Me'no  adj.  or  adv.  (L.  minus,  root 
min,  small  ;  cp.  Gr.  fuvvt,  small, 
fuwffa,  to  lessen,  Goth,  min-s) ;  i.  less. 
2.  fewer. 

Phrases :  3.  Poco  —  che  non  affogai, 
I  was  almost  drowned.  4.  Non  sono 
un'  aquila,  ma  c'  e  chi  e  da  —  di  me,  I 
am  no  genius,  but  there  are  those  who 
are  less  so  than  me.  5.  Venir  — ,  (a)  to 
fail,  to  fall  short,  (b)  to  faint.  6.  Fare 
a  — ,  not  to  do  something;  Fare  di  — , 
to  do  without,  or  go  without,  a  thing; 
Potevi  fare  a  —  di  stampare  una  simile 
scioccheria,  you  might  have  abstained 
from  printing  such  silliness  ;  Faro  di  — 
del  piatto  dolce,  ma  il  vino  lo  voglio,  I 
will  go  without  sweets,  but  I  must  have 
wine.  7.  —  male  che,  luckily,  viz.  when 
it  might  have  been  worse.  8.  Dite  — 
spropositi,  don't  say  so  many  absurdi- 
ties. 9.  II  piu  conosce  il  — ,  lit.  the 
more  knows  the  less,  a  common  repartee 

47 


370 


MEMO— MERCEDE 


to  some  derogatory  remark,  meaning, 
You  are  worse  than  I  am.  10.  Parlare 
del  piu  e  del  — ,  to  talk  of  nothing  in 
particular.  1 1.  Fanne  — ,  or  Ne  faccia 
— ,  lit.  make  less,  i.e.  do  not  make  such 
a  long  story  of  it.  12.  I  — ,  the  minority. 
13.  Dal  piu  al  — ,  from  the  highest  to 
the  lowest. 

*i.  Aver  —  una  cosa,  to  be  without  it;  Ayendo 
—  il  cuoio,  not  having  the  leather,  ii.  Divenir  — , 
to  grow  thin.  iii.  as  neg. ,  E  men  tra  loro  era  la 
donna  mia,  and  my  wife  was  not  among  them. 

tiv.  A  —  che,  =  Eccettoche,  except  that.  v.  ex- 
cept; V  erano  tutti  —  il  tale,  they  were  all  there 
except  so  and  so.  vi.  puanto  —  =  Almeno ;  Ti 
paghero  in  denari  contanti  o  quanto  —  con  un  cam- 
biale,  I  will  pay  you  in  ready  money  or  at  any  rate 
with  a  bill.  vii.  =  No,  after  a  disjunctive  conjunc- 
tion; Dimmi  se  questa  cosa  si  puo  fare,  o  — ,  tell 
me  whether  this  can  be  done  or  not. 

Meno  ni. ;  (gcogr.)  the  river  Main  in  Germany. 

Menobrancni  in.  (Or.  ^teVw,  to  remain,  /3p<ry- 
Xtoi>,  gill);  a  genus  of  tailed  amphibians  belonging 
to  the  North  American  lakes,  with  persistent  gills. 

Menola  /;  i.  a  small  fish,  Sfants  mtu-na, 
locally  termed  Menua,  Minula,  Amendolo.  2.  — 
zerolo,  smaris,  Sfarvs  smarts,  locally  termed  Ma- 
rida,  Garizzo,  Gerle,  Zerolo. 

•Menologio  m.  (Gr.  p^v,  month);  the  martyr- 
ology  of  the  Greek  church  arranged  by  months. 

Menomamente;  nowise. 

*  Menornanzayj;  i.   minimising,  making  small 
account  of.  ii.  privation,  lack  of  necessaries,  iii.  moral 
defect. 

Menomare  ind.  menomo;  to  mini- 
mise, diminish. 

Menoncello  »i.  •  (bot.)  pimpernel,  v.  Salva- 
strella. 

•Menovale;  of  little  use. 

*  Menovare  ;  to  diminish,  to  rate  cheap. 

Mensa  /  (L.  mettsa,  f.  part,  of  me- 
tin,  to  measure,  v.  Meditare  ;  orig.  a 
slab  worked  to  a  particular  size);  i.  table. 
2.  fig.  meal.  3.  Sacra  — ,  Holy  Com- 
munion table.  4.  —  episcopate  or  capi- 
tolare  (more  usu.  vescovile,  or  arcives- 
covile),  the  revenues  of  an  episcopal  or 
archiepiscopal  see. 

*  Mensale  in.',  (geom.)  irregular  quadrilateral. 
As  rt*fr'.,  =  Commensale,  table-companion. 

*Mensario;  Cane  — ,  dog  that  is  useless  for 
sport. 

Mensll-e(L.,t/.  Meditare);  monthly. 
Aff.  -me'nte. 

Mensol-a  /  ;  i.  (arch.)  corbel, 
bracket,  window-ledge,  etc. ;  also  termed 
Modiglione,  Mutilo,Beccatello.  2.  (mus.) 
bow  of  a  harp. 

Ajf.  -accia  pfgg.,  -elta  -ina  dims.  vezz.t  -ino 
dim.,  smaller  than  -ina,  -(5ne  aitgm. 

Mensuale  ;  pop.  for  Mensile, 
monthly. 

Merita  (L.  menf/ta,  =  Cr.  pivdr),  from 
the  name  of  a  nymph  who  was  changed 
into  this  plant) ;  (bot.}  mint.  —  romana, 
=  Puleggio,  pennyroyal.  -  de'  gatti, 
catmint,  Nepeta  cataria. 

Mentagra  f.\  (wed.)  ringworm,  also  termed 
Tigna  tonsurante. 

Mental-e;  (A)  (It.  mente)  mental. 
(B)  (It.  mento)  relating  to  the  chin. 
AfjT.  -me'nte. 

Mentastro  m. ',  {bot.)  horse-mint,  Mentha. 
Canadensis,  or  M.  silvestris. 

M6nte/.  (L.  mens,  root  men,  to  think, 
cp.  L.  memini,  tnoneo,  Gr.  fifvta,  MeWo>/>, 
fiavns) ;  mind.  Imparare,  Sapere  a  — , 
or  a  memoria,  to  learn,  or  know,  by 
heart.  Fare  a  — ,  to  do  from  memory. 
A  —  del  paragrafo  tale  della  legge,  ac- 


cording to  such  and  such  a  paragraph 
of  the  code. 

Merit  ecatt-o  (L.  mentc,  captus)  ; 
half-witted.  Aff.  -aggine. 

Mentina/;  i.  dim.  Menta.  2.  pep- 
permint lozenge. 

Mentino  in. ;  dint,  veze,  Mento. 

Ment-ire  ind.  -isco  or  -o  (for  etyin. 
•v.  Menzogna);  i.  to  lie.  2.  to  simulate. 
Aff.  -itamdnte,  -it6re,  -itrice. 

Mentita  /  ;  accusation  of  telling 
lies. 

Mdnt-o  m.  (L.  mentum,  root  men,  to 
jut  out,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  755);  chin. 
—  in  fuori,  or  —  innanzi,  projecting  chin 
(usu.  Bazza).  —  bucato,  dimpled  chin. 
Faccia  con  due  -i,  with  a  double  chin. 
Far  ballare  il  — ,  to  make  the  chin  dance, 
i.e.  eat  heartily.  Tre  palmi  sotto  il  — , 
three  hands  under  the  chin,  i.e.  in  the 
private  parts.  Aff.  -6ne  augm. 

*Mentoniera  f. ;  bunch  of  artificial  flowers 
under  the  brim  of  a  lady's  hat. 

Mentore  in.  (Gr.  Me'trwp);  as  E. 
*  Mentosto ;  rather  not,  the  opposite  of  Piuttosto. 

Mentovare  ind.  mentovo ;  to  men- 
tion, v.  Menzione. 

M^ntre  adv.  (L.  dum  interim) ; 
while.  In  questo  — ,  or  In  quel  — ,  in 
the  meantime. 

Mentuccia  f.\  (A)  tti»t.  spreg.  Mente,  mean 
little  mind.  (B)  dim.  vezz.  Menta,  nice  little  bit  of 
mint  (usu.  Mentina). 

*Mentula/  (L.  mentula,  the  organ  of  the  male 
sex,  root  men,  to  jut  out,  v.  Mento);  i.  the  male 
organ,  ii.  sea  cucumber,  a  genus  of  marine  animals, 
Holothvrium. 

t  Menua/;  v,  Menola  (i). 

Menzi6n-e  /  (L.  mentio,<mens,  v. 
Mente) ;  mention.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Menz<5gn-a  /  (bit.  **  mentitionea,< 
L.  mcntitio,<mentiri,  cp.  Fr.  mensonge; 
the  L.  mentiri  is  traceable  to  the  root 
men,  to  think ;  mentiri,  to  invent,  hence 
to  lie) ;  lie.  Aff.  -ero. 

Meo  m.  (A)  (short  for  Bartolomeo) ; 
i.  blockhead.  2.  Addio  — !  in  such  a 
phrase  as  Se  gli  avevo  dato  tutta  la 
somma,  addio  — ,  non  rivedevo  altro,  if 

I  had  given  him  all  the  money,  it  was 
good-bye,  I  should  not  have  seen  him 
again.     3.  F,  la  camicia  di  — ,  the,  shirt 
of  Meo,  for  a  spun  out  business ;  E  lun- 
ga  la  camicia  di  — ,  as  long  as  Meo's 
shirt,  said  to  one  who  is  boring  us  or  to 
one  who  is  never  quiet. 

tboy.  Tutti  questi  san  Mei,  or  Questi  Mei, 
these  boys. 

(B)  (for  mio);    this  old   form   is   still   used,  no 
doubt  for  the  sake  of  the  jingle,  in  the  proverb  Se  vuoi 
essere  amico  meo,  non  mi  far  del  cacio  barca  ne  del 
pan  Bartolomeo,  v.  Cacio. 

(C)  (i.q.   Mau);    i.    a  cat's  mew.     2.    Far  — 
(accompanied  by  a  suitable  gesture),  to  steal. 

t(D);  i.f.  Mai. 

(E)  (bot.)  (Gr.  HTJOV)',  bear-wort,  v.  Finocchiana. 
MednidiyC//.;  the  Muses. 

Mebnio ;  of  Maeonia,  in  Asia  Minor. 

II  —  cantore,  Homer,  who  is  believed 
to  have  been  a  native  of  Asia  Minor. 

tMequi  adv.;  =  Qui,  here. 

tMeracciole  f.  pi. ;  =  Atnaracciola,  Spanish 
broom. 

Meramente;  simply. 

Mcrarchia  (Gr.) ;  a  division  of  the  ancient 
phalanx. 


Meraviglia  and  derivs.  ;  v.  Mara- 
viglia. 

Mercantare;  spreg.  for  Mercanteg- 
giare. 

Mercant-e  m.  (L.  men-art,  to  trade, 
from  merx,  mercis,  further  etym.  dub.) ; 

1.  merchant;  Fare  orecchie  da  — ,  or 
orecchi  di  — ,  to  make  merchant's  ears, 
i.e.   pretend   not  to  hear.    2.   in  pi.,  a 
popular    name    of    three    stars     near 
Taurus. 

A_ff.  -eggiare  to  trade,  -csco  (HSU.  -ile),  -essa 
merchant's  wife  or  female  merchant,  -ile,  -ilmente, 
-one  attg'tn.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. ,  -ucolo  dim.  sf>rcg. 
(worse  than  -uccio). 

Mercanz-ia  (It.  mercante);  i.  mer- 
chandise. —  reale,  genuine  goods,  Jig. 
trustworthy  person.  2.  fig.  — ,  Brutta 
— ,  or  Una  certa  —  ,  untrustworthy  per- 
son. 3.  — -  fallace,  or  di  fallo,  goods 
liable  to  be  spoilt.  4.  the  name  of  the 
principal  guild  in  medieval  Florence. 
Aff.  -iola  dim. 

Mercaptano  nt.  (so  called  from  its  resemblance 
to  mercury);  (chem.)  a  compound  of  barium  which 
fuses  at  a  temperature  of  about  75°  Fahr.  It  was 
discovered  by  Zeise  in  1833. 

Merc-are  ind.  merco ;  (A)  poet,  for 
Mercanteggiare.  La  dove  Cristo  tutto 
dl  si  merca,  where  Christ  is  daily  bought 
and  sold,  i.e.  Rome,  D.  Par.  17.  51. 
Lode  -ata,  purchased  applause.  t(B)  = 
Marcare. 

Mercatino   m. ;    i.    small    market. 

2.  small  trader.     3.  fig.  person  of  low 
condition. 

Mercato  m.  (L.,  v.  Mercante) ; 
i.  market.  2.  Far  —  di,  to  make  a 
dishonest  profit  from ;  Fare  un  — ,  to 
have  a  noisy  discussion  ;  Prov.  Due 
donne  fanno  un  —  e  tre  una  fiera,  it 
(only)  takes  two  women  to  get  up  a 
noisy  discussion  and  three  to  make  a 
fair.  3.  A  buon  — ,  cheaply.  4.  Per 
soprammarcato,  into  the  bargain. 

Mercatura/ ;  trading. 

Merce  /  (L.  merx,  v.  Mercante) ; 
wares.  —  fallita,  wares  not  properly 
appreciated,  usu.  said  fig.  of  truth, 
honesty,  etc. 

Merce  /.,  indeclinable  and  often 
without  the  article  (short  for  Mercede) ; 

1.  grace,  help,  pity.  2.  (poet.)  recom- 
pense. 3.  making  a  sort  of  adverb, 
thanks  to;  Son  guarito  —  sua,  I  re- 
covered, thanks  to  him  ;  —  le  vostre 
lettere,  thanks  to  your  letters ;  La  Dio 

— ,  thanks  to  Providence.  4.  Esser 
all'  altrui  — ,  to  be  in  the  hands  of 
others,  in  their  power;  Gridar  — ,  to 
cry  for  help. 

Merce'de  f.  (L.  merces,  mercedis, 
wages)  ;  i.  payment  for  work  done. 

2.  Essere,  Vivere  alia  — ,  or  alia  meres; 
di  alcuno,  to  be  subject  to  his  caprices, 
lit.  in  his  pay;  Non  voglio  piu  vivere 
alia  —  di  si  perfido  uomo,  I   will  no 
longer  remain  subject  to  the  caprices 
of  so  false  a  man ;  Rimasero  tutti  alia 
—  del  vincitore,  they  all  came  into  the 
power  of  the  winner.     3.  (eccl.)  grace, 
reward,  pity;   Beata  Vergine  della. — , 


MERCEDE— MESCERE 


the  Blessed  Virgin  of  pity ;  Speranza 
d'  eterna  — ,  hope  of  reward  in  heaven ; 
Religiosi  delta  — ,  an  Order  founded  at 
Meaux  (1198)  with  the  purpose  of  col- 
lecting alms  for  ransoming  Christians 
in  captivity  with  the  Saracens. 

*Mercede,  Merce ;  i.  courtesy,  ii.  merit. 
iii.  pity.  iv.  pardon,  v.  help.  vi.  Vostra  -•-,= 
Vostra  signoria,  your  lordship. 

Mercenari-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Mercerfa  /  ;  haberdasher's  shop  or 
goods. 

Merci-aio,  -aiblom.;  i.  haberdasher. 
2.  pedlar.  Aff.  -aia  or  -aiola  /.,  -aino 
-aina  dim.  vezz.,  -aiuccio  -aiuccia  dim. 
spreg. 

Mercimbnio  m.  (L.) ;  illegitimate 
trade. 

Mercoledl  (Mercoldi,  Mercordl)  m. 
(L.  Afercurii  dies} ;  Wednesday. 

Mercorella  f.\  (bat.)  dog's  mercury,  v.  Mar- 
corella. 

Mercuriale  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  as  it.,  price- 
list,  q.  reparation. 

Mercurialismo  m.;  (med.)  salivation. 

Mercuriato;  (med.)  mercurial. 

Mercuric  m.  (L.  Mercvrius,  root  mere,  he 
being  the  god  of  trading);  Mercury,  in  all  senses  as 
in  E.  —  corneo,  calomel. 

Merd-a  / ;  dung.  Aff.  -osame'nte, 
-6so. 

Etym.  L.  merdci,  for  **  smerda,  cp.  Lith. 
smirdcti,  to  stink,  old  Bulgarian  smrad' ,  bad  smell, 
?>.  Walde,  sufi  voc. 

Merdacchio  m.;  dregs  of  alum  lye. 

Merdaio  m. ;  dung-heap. 

Merdaiblo  m. ;  boy  employed  to 
sweep  dung  off  the  streets. 

•Merdellone;  adj.  =  Merdoso,  filthy. 

Merdocco  m. ;  i.  depilatory  ointment  used  by 
the  ancient  Hebrews  who  dio:  no't  have  razors. 
2.  euph.  for  Stereo,  excrement. 

Merd6so;  v.  Merda. 

Mer6nd-a  /  (L.,<merere,  to  par- 
ticipate, root  mer,  to  share);  i.  after- 
noon luncheon ;  Prov.  Per  San  Luca 
(October  18)  la  —  nella  buca,  from 
St  Luke's  day  the  Merenda  may  remain 
in  the  cupboard,  lit.  in  the  hole,  because 
as  the  days  shorten  dinner  and  supper 
are  too  near  to  make  the  Merenda  de- 
sirable. 2.  morning  luncheon  taken  by 
children  between  breakfast  and  dinner ; 
Entrarci  quanto  il  cavolo  a  — ,  to  have  as 
much  to  do  with  it  as  cabbage  with 
luncheon,  i.e.  to  have  nothing  to  do  with 
the  subject  in  hand.  Similarly,  Stimare 
uno  come  il  cavolo  a  — ,  i.e.  not  to  value 
him  at  all. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -are  ?•#.,  -etta  dim.,  -ina  dim. 
vtzz.,  -ino  dim.  (smaller  than  -ina),  -ona  -<5ne  augm., 
-uccia  dim.  spreg.  Fare  alle  -ucce,  of  little  children, 
to  have  a  dolls'  tea  party. 

Meretric-ey".  (L,.,  <  mereor,  to  earn);  prosti- 
tute. Aff.  -io. 

Mergo  m.  (L.  tnergere,  to  plunge);  i.  — 
domenicano,  or  —  oca,  =  Smergo  maggiore,  goos- 
ander. 2.  —  oca  minore,  =  Pesciaiola,  smew.  3.= 
Margotto,  layer. 

Mergoglidne  m. ;=Palombaro,  diver. 

Mergolato  «/.;  =  Margotto,  layer. 
*Mergolo  w.;=Merlo,  battlement. 

Merg6ne  w.;  =  Smergo  maggiore,  goosander. 

*  Mergulo  m.  ;=Mergo,  diver. 
tMena  /I;  mid-day. 

•  Meriare  ;  =  Mcriggiare. 

Mericismo  nt.  (Gr.  *OM>VKI£U>,  to  chew  the 
cud);  a  diseased  state  of  the  stomach  in  which  the 
food  is  returned  to  the  mouth,  as  normally  occurs 
with  ruminants. 

Mericologia  /;  discussion  of  rumination. 


Meridiana / :  sun-dial. 

Meridiano  (L.  meridies,  for  medi- 
dies) ;  meridian.  As  s6.,  meridian  line. 

Meridional-e;  southern.  Af.-m6nte. 

Merie  /  pi. ;  Alle  — ,  in  the  open 
air. 

Merfgge  m. ;  (poet.)  mid-day. 

Meriggiare;  i.  to  lie  in  the  shade 
during  the  middle  of  the  day.  i.  tr.  to 
bring  (sheep)  into  the  shade. 

Merfggio  m.  ;  I.  mid-day  rest. 
2.  mid-day.  3.  shade;  Vien  qui  al — , 
non  star  al  sole,  come  here  into  the 
shade,  do  not  stay  in  the  sun. 

Meriggidne  i.  m.  ;  lazy  fellow. 
2.  adv. ;  crawling. 

Merin-o,  //.  -i  or  Merinos,  m. 
(Spanish  word,<L.  majorinus,  orig. 
meaning  judge,  then  superintendent  of 
the  movement  of  flocks  of  sheep,  hence 
as  adjective,  wandering,  as  applied  to 
sheep) ;  the  merino  sheep,  or  its  wool. 

Meritare  ind.  merito;  i.  to  deserve. 
2.  to  earn ;  —  il  conto,  la  pena,  or  abso- 
lutely, — ,  to  be  worth  while;  Merita 
che  se  ne  parli,  it  is  worth  while  to 
discuss  it.  3.  =Rimeritare,  to  reward. 
4.  —  di,  to  deserve  well  of. 

Merit-amente,  -atamente,  -6vole,  -evol- 
mente;  v.  -o. 

Merit-o  m.  (L.  meritus,  part,  of 
mereor,  to  deserve,  lit.  to  receive  a 
share,  root  mer,  to  divide,  cp.  Gr. 
ufpos) ;  i.  merit.  2.  Farsi  --  di,  to 
gain  the  favour  of.  3.  reward,  recom- 
pense ;  Ecco  il  bel  —  che  egli  mi  rende 
di  tanti  benefizii,  here  is  a  nice  reward 
for  all  the  kindness  I  have  shewn  him. 
4.  interest  paid  at  a  pawnshop.  5.  good 
mark  in  school.  6.  Passare  per  — , 
i.e.  without  examination.  7.  an  Order 
of  chivalry. 

Aff.  -oriamente,  -6rio. 

M&rla/  (L.,  v.  Merlo) ;  i.  hen  black- 
bird. 2.  —  acquatica,  water-ousel,  v. 
Merlo  (i).  3.  —  torquata,  ring-ousel, 
v.  Merlo  (i). 

Merlango  m.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  merlenc, 
>•  Fr.  merlan,  Walloon  merlen,  Breton 
marlouan,  of  unkn.  orig.}  ;  whiting, 
Gadus  merlangus. 

*Merl-are;  to  crown  with  battlements,  t-arsi, 
to  be  nearly  boiled,  viz.  when  vegetables,  which  are 
being  boiled,  begin  to  curl  up. 

Merlato;  battlemented.  In  heraldry, 
Doppio  — ,  when  a  bend  has  battlements 
on  both  sides,  but  with  the  projections 
on  one  side  opposite  the  gaps  on  the 
other;  Contro  doppio  — ,  with  projec- 
tion opposite  to  projection. 

Merlatura     /  ;      i.     battlements. 

2.  (mar.)  rope  with  two  ends,  swallow- 
tail end. 

Merlettare  ind.  merle'tto ;  to  orna- 
ment with  lace. 

Merl6tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Merlo,  battle- 
ment. 2.  in  //.,  lace,  from  the  likeness 
in  lace  to  the  shape  of  battlements. 

3.  Legno  da  — ,  or  da  trina,  lace-bark 
tree,  v.  Lagetto. 


t  Merlinayl;=  Berlina,  pillory. 

Merlfno  in.  (Dutch  marlijn<ntarreHt  to  bind, 
lijn,  a  rope);  (mar.)  marline,  a  sort  of  fine  cord. 

Merlo  m.  (A)  (L.  merulus,  a  late 
form  of  merula,  blackbird,  for  **mesula, 
akin  to  O.H.G.  meisd,  >Germ.  Meise, 
A.S.  mase,  >  E.  -mouse  in  titmouse,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Titmouse);  i.  (ornith.~)  (a) 
blackbird,  Turdus  merulus;  (6)  —  ac- 
quaiolo,  water-ousel,  Cinclus  aqualicus, 
also  termed  Acquaiolo,  Merla  acquatica; 
(c)  —  col  collare,  ring-ousel,  Turdus 
torquatus,  also  termed  -  -  col  petto 
bianco,  —  marino,  Merla  torquata,  Tordo 
col  collare;  (d)  —  acquatico  maggiore, 
=  Cavalier  d'  Italia,  stilt ;  (e)  —  di 
montagna,  —  di  sasso,  or  —  sassatile,  = 
Codirossone,  rock-thrush ;  (/)  —  roseo, 
rose-coloured  pastor,  v.  Storno  (B,  3). 
2.  Prov.  Quando  e  sparito  il  — ,  i.e. 
when  the  opportunity  is  gone.  3.  sly 
fellow;  E  un  certo  — ,  or  with  greater 
emphasis  E  un  —  dal  becco  giallo,  he 
is  a  blackbird  with  its  yellow  beak,  i.e.  a 
real  cunning  chap  ;  Gira,  or  Canta  !  — , 
play  your  tricks,  or  sing,  blackbird,  with 
the  implied  addition,  but  you  will  not 
take  me  in.  4.  iron,  simpleton.  5.  some 
kind  of  fish. 

(B)  (prob.  a  dim.  formed  upon  L. 
mergae,  f.  pi,,  pitchfork,  root  marg,  to 
clear  away,  cp.  Gr.  afiipym,  to  pluck, 
Sanskr.  marghmi,  to  wipe) ;  in  pi., 

1.  battlements.    2.  the  similarly  shaped 
parts  of  a  crown. 

t(C);  =  Mallo,  husk. 

Merlone  m. ;    i.  augm.  Merlo  (A). 

2.  (mil.)  part  of  the  parapet  of  a  fort 
between  two  embrasures,  merlon. 

Merl6tt-o  m.,  -a/  ;  i.  young  black- 
bird. 2.  fig.  simpleton. 

tMerluziello  »/.;  =  Gado  minuto,  v.  Gado  (2). 

Merluzzo  m.  (A)  (Fr.  merluche,<\*. 
marts,  of  the  sen,  +  tucius,  pike) ;  i.  cod- 
fish, Gadus  morrhua.  2.  hake,  Gadus 
merlucius,  locally  termed  Lovo,  Nasello. 

3.  —  selvatico,=Sfirena,  sea-pike. 

*(B)(7/<ir.  of  Merletti);  lace. 

M6ro  (L.  merits,  root  mar,  to  shine) ; 
pure. 

*Merol-ayI,  -o  w.;=Merl-a,  -o,  blackbird. 
*Meroll-ay!,  -o  w.;=Midolla,  marrow. 
Merope  /. ;    i.    (astr.)  one  of   the   Pleiades. 

2.  bee-eater,  v.  Grottaione. 

*  Merore  nt.  (L.  mneror,  root  mis,  cp.  Gr.  tiitros, 
L.  miser,  maestus) ;  sadness. 

*  Merrenti  ;  =  Ti  meneremo,  e>.  Menare. 
"Merto  *«.;  =  Merito. 

*Merul-ay;,  -o  w.;=Merl-a,  -o,  blackbird. 

*  Mesagio  m.;  A  — ,  uncomfortably. 
Mesaiol-ay;,  -o  «/. ;  monthly  servant. 

*  Mesano  m. ;  monthly  servant. 

Mesat-a/ ;  i.  a  month.  2.  month's 
wages.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Mescere  ind.  mdsco  or  mdscio 
mesci  mdsce  mesctemo  mescdte  mds- 
cono ;  perf.  mesce'i  mescdsti  mesce, 
subj.  mesca  or  mdscia,  parts,  mescendo, 
mesciuto  (L.  miscere,  to  mix,  root  itiik, 
cp.  Gr.  fuyvvpi,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mix);  I.  to 
pour  out ;  Prov.  Su'  pesci  mesci,  i.e.  take 
plenty  to  drink  with  your  fish.  2.  fig. 
to  fight ;  as  it  were,  to  pour  out  blows. 

3.  fig.  to  pour  out  money. 

*  i.  —  Mescolare,  to   mix.     ii.    to   produce,  to   do. 
iii.    Non  poter  dir:    mesci,  not  to  have  a  moment 

47—2 


372 


MESCHIA— MESTICCIARE 


to  spare,  iv.  Dare  il  vino  a  — ,  to  supply  wine  to 
the  wine-shops. 

•Meschiay:;  i.  honey  and  wine.  11.  cloth  of 
mixed  wools. 

*Meschiare;  =  Mescolare,  to  mix. 

Meschin-0  (Span,  mezqiiino,  <  Ara- 
bic meskin,  poor) ;  i.  wretched.  2.  pal- 
try. 


Aff.  -accio  fegg.,  -amente,  -ello  dim.,  -erfa, 
•etto  dim.,  -ita,  -uccio  dim.  and  with  a  touch  of 

P"*  Meschita/  (Span., < Arabic  medjid);  mosque. 

Mesciacq.ua/;  water-jug  (on  a  wash- 
stand). 

•Mescianza  f.  (O.  Kr.  m(sltutce);  misfortune. 

Mescibile;  v.  Mescere. 

Mescfno  m. ;  long-handled  ladle  for 
liquid  manure. 

Mescirdba  m. ;  ewer,  esp.  for  use  in 
churches,  often  made  of  silver. 

Mescita/  (It.  mescere);  saloon  for 
the  sale  of  coffee,  spirits,  etc. 

Mesci-t6re  m.,  -t6ra,  -trice  f.;  v.  Mescere. 
Mesciuto;  part.  Mescere. 
•  M  escola  /.  ;=  Mestola,  ladle. 

Mescolanz-a  f. ;  mixture,  combina- 
tion of  drinks,  or  of  foods,  esp.  of  herbs 
in  a  salad.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Mescol-are  ind.  me'scolo  (bit.  miscu- 
lare,  <  L.  miscere) ;  I .  to  mix.  2.  to 
shuffle  (cards). 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -ata  the  action  of  mixing, 
-atamente,  -atore,  -fo  continual  mixing. 

Me'scolo;  i.  for  Mescolato;  Pane 
— ,  bread  made  of  wheat  and  buck- 
wheat. 2.  as  sb.  =  Mescolanza. 

Mesciigli-0  m. ;  bad  mixture.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

•Mescuray:;  mixture. 
*Mescurare;  to  neglect,    t  to  mix. 

M6s-e  m.  (L.  mensis,  root  me,  v. 
Meditare);  i.  month.  2.  11  —  degli 
asini,  i.e.  May.  3.  Prov.  Tutti  i  -i  non 
son  di  trentuno,  all  months  have  not 
thirty-one  days,  i.e.  conditions  must 
alter.  4.  Restare  a'  tanti  del  — ,  i.e.  to 
be  very  surprised.  5.  Prov.  II  maiale 
dice :  dammi  dammi  e  non  mi  contare 
ne  -i  ne  anni,  the  pig  says  Give  me  and 
do  not  count  the  time,  i.e.  food  must 
not  be  grudged  in  fattening  a  pig. 

6.  Prov.  Dopo  cent'  anni  e  cento   -i 
torna  1'  acqua  a  su'  paesi,  after  a  hun- 
dred years  and  a  hundred  months  rain 
comes  again,  i.e.  what  has  been,  will  be. 

7.  Esser  nel  — ,  of  a  woman,  to  be  in 
the  month  when  she  expects  her  baby. 

8.  Entratura  nel  — ,  the  beginning  of 
the  pangs  of  child-birth.     9.    month's 
wages ;  Un  acconto  sul  —  di  Febbraio, 
a  payment  on  account  of  the  February 
wages.      10.    Lasciar  passar  dodici   -i 
ogni  anno,  i.e.  to  take  the  world  as  it 
comes,     n.  Non  aver  tutti  i  suoi  -i,  to 
be  of  weak  intellect.    12.  in  pi.,  menses, 
menstruation. 

Mesentcr-io  //.  Mesenteri  m.  (Gr.  peVo;, 
middle,  cvrcpa,  viscera);  (anat.)  mesentery.  Aff. 
-ico,  -ite. 

Mesenzio  m. ;   Mezentms,  a  tyrant  of  Caere. 
11  supplizio  di  — ,  the  punishment  inflicted  by  — , 
vig.  tying  a  living  man  to  a  corpse. 
*  M  eseraico ;  =  Mesenterico. 

Meser-e,  -o  m.  ;  shawl  worn  by 
women  over  the  head  and  shoulders. 


Mesetto  ;«. ;  dint.  vezz.  Mese,  month. 
Mesmerismo  in.;   mesmerism,  from   Mesmer 
(d.  1815),  who  first  studied  it  scientifically. 

*  Mesocoro  m.  (Gr.  jieVot,  middle,  yppos,  choir); 
leader  of  musical  performers  in  ancient  Greece. 

Mesdmetro  m.  (Gr.  fi«'cros,  middle,  nijnjp, 
mother);  (anat.)  a  fold  of  peritoneum  in  mammalia 
which  supports  the  uterus;  in  human  anatomy  the 
broad  ligament. 

Mesdmide  «/.;  a  genus  of  rodents  with  spiny 
skin ;  the  best  known  is  the  Mesomys  spinosus  of 
Paraguay. 

Mesbne  m.\  augm.  Mese,  month. 
tMesoro  >«.;=Pesce  prete,  v.  Prete  (12). 


M6ssa  /  (A)  (mlt.  missa,  a  word 
taken  out  of  the  phrase  Ite,  concio  missa 
est,  Go,  the  assembly  is  dismissed) ; 
mass,  the  Roman  Catholic  church  ser- 
vice, or  music  composed  for  it. 

Phrases:  i.  Ragazzi,  alia  — !  Boys, 
you  are  to  go  away  from  there!  (lit.) 
you  are  to  be  off  to  church.  2.  Andare, 
Non  andare,  alia  — ,  to  be,  or  not  to  be, 
a  Catholic.  3.  (a)  Dir  — ,  of  a  newly- 
ordained  priest,  to  say  mass  for  the  first 
time ;  (b)  Dir  la  — ,  to  say  mass  in  the 
ordinary  course.  4.  Elemosina  della — , 
priest's  fee  for  saying  mass.  5.  Entra 
la  — ,  i.e.  the  priest  is  going  up  to  the 
altar.  6.  Esce  la  — ,  the  priest  is  going 
back  to  the  sacristy.  7.  Grande  — , 
high  mass,  with  music.  8.  Non  lasciar 
mai  la  — ,  to  be  very  punctual  in  at- 
tending church  services.  9.  Levare  la 
— ,  of  a  bishop,  to  inhibit  some  priest 
from  saying  mass.  10.  Dir  la  —  no- 
vella, i.q.  Dir  messa,  v.  supra  (3,  a). 

11.  —  papale,  mass  said  by  the  Pope. 

12.  Perder  la  — ,  to  be  late  for  mass. 

13.  —  piana,  low  mass,  with  no  music. 

14.  Pigliare  un  pd  di  — ,  to  hear  part 
of  the  service.     15.  Prima  — ,  morning 
mass.     16.  Salar  la  — ,  to  shirk  mass, 
//'/.  to  salt  it,  either  on  the  part  of  the 
priest  who  should  say  it  or  of  a  member 
of  the  congregation  who  should  hear  it. 
17.  Seconda  novella  — ,  mass  said  by  a 
priest  after  he  has  been  ordained  fifty 
years.     18.  Servire — ,  or  Servir  la — , 
(d)  of  a  choir-boy  or  clerk,  to  make  the 
responses  and  serve  the  priest  at  the 
altar,  (b)  to  inform  an  authority  of  mis- 
conduct in  a  subordinate.     19.   Va'  alia 
— ,  a  polite  way  of  telling  a  man  you 
do    not    believe    him,   the    suggestion 
being   that   he    should    atone    for   his 
mendacity  by  attending  mass.     20.  La 
—  di  Venerdl  sa'nto,  the  mass  of  Good 
Friday,    a    proverbial    expression    for 
something  which  is  very  long.     21.   Vi- 
vere  della  — ,  or  sulla  — ,  of  a  priest 
who  has  no  other  livelihood  than  his 
profession. 

Proverbs:  22.  Prete  Peo,  di  trent' 
anni  disse  —  e  di  quaranta  non  la  sapeva 
piu  dire,  Father  Peo  at  thirty  said  his 
first  mass  and  at  forty  had  forgotten  it, 
as  a  typical  example  of  a  bad  memory. 
23.  Alia  —  tutte  le  panche  son  prese, 
all  the  seats  for  the  service  are  occu- 
pied, an  expression  used  when  a  person 
is  trying  to  find  something  new  to  say 
on  a  subject  which  is  already  ex- 
hausted. 

•i.    Non  sapere  mezza  la  — .  i.e.  to  be  badly 
informed  about  something,     ii.    Sonar  la  —  a  uno, 


to  give  him  a  bad  name.  iii.  Non  sara  mai  da — , 
he  will  never  be  successful,  said  of  one  whose 
behaviour  augurs  ill  for  his  future. 

(B)  (It.  messo  part,  of  Mettere,  and 
so  indirectly  <  L.  mittere) ;  i.  stake 
played  for  at  any  game ;  Salvare  la 
— ,  to  return  the  stake,  play  for  love. 
2. .  set,  young  plant,  offshoot  planted 
out.  3.  (theat.)  —  in  iscena,>Fr.  mise 
en  scene,  the  staging,  setting,  of  a  play. 
4.  (mus.)  prolongation  and  swelling  of 
the  voice  to  its  full  power,  and  then 
letting  it  sink  away,  as  an  exercise  in 
singing. 

*  i.  =  Mettere,  placing,  ii.  contribution  of  capita! 
to  a  partnership,  iii.  =  Servito,  course,  at  a  dinner 
party,  change  of  plates. 

Messagger-a/,  -o  m.;  messenger. 

Messaggio  m.  (mlt.  »n'ssaticum<L. 
missus,  part,  of  mittere,  to  send) ;  mes- 
sage. 

Messale  m. ;  i.  missal ;  —  da  morte, 
missal  for  a  funeral  mass.  2.  melon. 
big  clumsy  book. 

Messe  /   (L.  messis,   v.   Mietere)  ; 

1.  harvest.     2.  crop,  whether  growing 
or  gathered. 

*  Messeratico  in. ;  the  title  of  Messere. 

Messer-e  m.  (It.  mio  signore) ;  sir. 
Aff.  -ino  dim.  iron. 

Messia  m.  (Hebrew  word,  meaning  anointed); 
Messiah. 

Messiato  m.;  Messiahship. 

Messid6ro  m.  (Fr.  messidor)  ;  the 
first  summer  month  of  the  French  re- 
publican calendar,  June  19  to  July  18. 

Messitfccio  m.  (var.  and  dim.  of 
Messa,  B);  young  plant  that  has  not 
thriven. 

Me'sso  m.  (L.  missus) ;  i.  messenger. 

2.  public  officer ;  Prov.  Birro,  potesta  e 
messo,  tre  persone  e  un  birro  stesso, 
constable,  mayor  and  messenger,  three 
persons  and  all  one  constable. 

*  i.    —  di  Juno,  the  rainbow,  D.   Par.   28.   32. 
ii.    message,     iii.  =  Servito,   course,   at   a   banquet, 
iv.    as  adj.,  Piovere  a  ciel  — ,  to  rain  heavily. 

Mess6n-a/,  -e  m.;  augm.  Messa,  protracted 
mass. 

Mest-are  ind.  me'sto  (bit.  mixlare, 
freq.  of  L.  miscere,  mixtum,  v.  Mescere) ; 
i.  to  stir  (a  thick  liquid)  with  a  trowel 
or  the  like.  2.  fig.  to  agitate  myste- 
riously, v.  Mesticciare.  tto  mix.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atore,  -at6ra. 

*  Mesterio  (Mestero)  »/.;=Mestiere. 

*  Mestiare ;  to  mix. 

Mestica  /  (prob.  <  It.  mesticare) ; 
(paint.)  i.  priming  for  canvas,  a  pre- 
paration of  certain  earths  and  oils 
rubbed  on.  2.  mixed  paints,  on  the 
pallet. 

•Mesticanza/;  i.  =  Mestica.     ii.  mixture. 

Mesticare  ind.  mestico  (lengthened 
form  of  It.  mestare);  intr.  to  mix 
colours. 

*i.  to  put  the  priming  on  canvas,    ii.  to  mix. 

Mesticatbre  in. ;  maker  or  seller  of  canvas- 
priming  and  oil-paints. 

Mesticciare  ;  i.  pegg.  of  Mestare 
in  fig.  sense,  to  carry  on  some  myste- 
rious business.  2.  to  interfere  in  an 
uncalled  for  manner.  Aff.  Mestic- 
ci6n-e,  -a. 


MESTICHERIA— METROCORDO 


373 


Mesticheria/  ;  oil  and  colour  shop. 

Mestichlno  in. ;  spatula,  a  sort  of 
flat  spoon  used  by  painters. 

Mestierante  m. ;  tradesman. 

Mestier-e,  pop.  -o  m.  (L.  minis- 
ter-turn,  cp.  Fr.  meftier) ;  I.  trade,  occu- 
pation ;  Prov.  Ognuno  patisce  del  suo 
— ,  every  one  suffers  in  his  own  trade, 
i.e.  people  are  always  badly  off  for  the 
things  they  deal  in  themselves.  2.  Aver 
di  — ,  to  require;  Esser  di  — ,  to  be 
requisite.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

*  Mestizzo;=Meticcio,  half-bred. 

Mest-o  (A)  (L.  maestus,  <  maereo, 
root  mis,  cp.  Gr.  /uo-or,  hatred,  L.  miser) ; 
sad.  *(B)  =  Mestato,  part,  of  -are. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -izia. 

Mestol-a  f.  (L.  miscere,  mixtum, 
perhaps  through  a  bit.  **tnixtuld) ; 

1.  wooden,    or    perforated    tin    ladle. 

2.  scherz.   Le   -e,  the  hands  ;   Adopra 
volentieri  le  -e,  he  is  very  ready  with 
his  fists ;  Prov.  Ce  ne  e  per  il  manico  e 
per  la  — ,  i.e.  there  is  enough  for  both 
parties.     3.  scherz.  =  Bazza,  long  chin. 
4.  plasterer's  trowel.    5.  washerwoman's 
wooden  bat  for  beating  clothes.    6.  bat 
for  beating  turf.     7.  bat  for  playing  at 
ball.     8.  (i>ot.)  spathe,  v.  Spata. 

*i.  Mona  — ,  an  insipid  woman,  ii.  blockhead. 
Hi.  Menar  le  -e,  (a)  to  eat  too  much,  (i)=Sorbottare, 
to  beat  soundly,  <xfig-  to  speak  with  severity  to. 

Mestolacce  f.  pi. ;  (hot.)  water  plantain,  v. 
Piantaggine  (4). 

Mestolai-o  m.t  -a  f.;  maker  of  Mestole. 

Mestolata  f. ;  i.  blow  with  a  ladle. 
2.  ladle  full  e.g.  of  vegetables,  trowel 
full  (of  mortar)  or  the  like. ' 

Mestol-e'tta,  -Ina  /  ;  dims.  vezz.  of 
-a,  esp.  in  sense  of  chin,  v.  Mestola  (3). 

Mestolinai-a  /  or  -o  m. ;  ladle- 
holder,  a  perforated  piece  of  cloth  for 
holding  wooden  spoons,  etc.,  in  the 
kitchen. 

Mestol-o    m.    (var.    of    Mestola)  ; 

1.  wooden  spoon.     2.  fig.  Aver  il  —  in 
mano,  to  hold  the  leadership.    Aff.  -mo 
dim. 

Mestol6n-e  ?«.,  -a/  ;  i.  augm.  Mes- 
tola. 2.  lout,  clumsy  fool.  3.  one  who 
has  long  hands,  i.e.  either  for  fighting 
or  pilfering,  v.  Mestola  (2).  4.  Mamma 
-a,  person  with  a  very  long  chin. 
5.  (ornith.)  (a)  shoveller  duck,  Spatula 
clypeata,  also  termed  Cucchiarone,  Fis- 
tione;  (^)  =  Spatola,  spoonbill. 

Mestdne  m. ;  stirrer,  wooden  stir- 
ring-pin. 

Mestru-o  in.  (L.  menstruum.  <  mensis,  v. 
Mese);  (tned.)  the  menstrual  flow.  Aff.  -ale,  -are, 
•azione. 

Mestura/;  i.  pop.  for  Mistura, 
mixture.  2.  putty.  3.  cobbler's  wax. 
4.  composition  for  mending  china. 

M£ta  f. ;  i.  group  of  three  conical 
posts  making  the  turning-point  in  the 
ancient  Roman  circus  for  chariot  races. 

2.  goal,  aim.     3.  (hist.)  maximum  price, 
tariff  price  for  bread,  etc. 

•i.  boundary;  Por  — ,  to  set  bounds  to.  ii.  conical 
mass.  tii.  pinnacle,  iv.  —  murcia,  the  first  boundary 


mark  in  the  circus  near  the  temple  of  Murcia,  goddess 
of  sloth. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Lombard  dial,  meda,  haycock, 
Span,  meda  and  old  Fr.  mate,  pile  of  sheaves,  Span. 
me  tti  and  old  Fr.  meie,  boundary -stone  ;<  L.  meta, 
which  originally  was  any  conical  mass,  root  meie,  to 
pile  up,  fix  upright,  cp.  Sanskr.  medki,  pillar,  mit, 
post,  Irish  met/tos,  boundary-mark,  Lettish  Diets, 
stake,  Irish  mede,  neck. 

Meta/;  patch  of  dung. 

Etym.  Akin  to  L.  mingo,  cp.  Sanskr.  midiia, 
dung,  which  suggests  that  there  was  a  bit.  prototype 
such  as  **  mita,  >  Ital.  meta  ;  root  mfigk,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  p.  755,  and  Walde,  sub  Mingo. 

Meta  /  (L.  medietas) ;  half.  Prov. 
Quattrini  e  santita,  —  della  — ,  (in 
reckoning  a  man's  real)  fortune  or 
virtues,  (take)  a  quarter  of  what  they 
are  placed  'at.  Esser,  Stare  a  —  degli 
utili,  to  have  a  half  share  in  the  profits. 

Metacarpo  m.  (Gr.  fiera,  Kapirds,  wrist) ;  (anat.) 
the  bones  of  the  hand  between  wrist  and  fingers. 

Metacentro  m.  (Gr.  fiera,  KtVrpoi/,  point); 
(math.)  metacentre,  the  point  below  which  it  is 
necessary  that  a  floating  body  should  have  its  centre 
of  gravity  as  a  condition  that  its  equilibrium  is  stable. 

Metacismp  m.  (formed  from  the  jetter  M  by  a 
false  analogy  with  lotacismo);  speaking  with  too 
many  M's. 

Metacronismo  m.  (Gr.  n«ra,  ^poi-os,  tune); 
anachronism  of  putting  an  event  prior  to  its  real 

*  M  etadella  /. ;  i.  the  sixteenth  of  a  bushel, 
Staio*  ii.  as  a  liquid  measure,  =  Mezzetta. 

Metafisic-a  /  (Gr.  ri  fwra  ra.  (JH/erutti,  the 
things  which  followed  physics,  viz.  in  the  sequence 
of  the  writings  of  Aristotle);  metaphysics.  Aff. 
•amente,  -are,  -astro  spreg.,  -heria  spreg.,  -o. 

Metafor-a  f.  (Gr.  p.era4>opo,  transference); 
metaphor.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -eggiare  spreg.  to 
multiply  metaphors,  -etta  dim.  vezz.,  t-icame*nte, 
-ico,  -ismo  habit  of  using  metaphors,  -izzare  (i.q. 
-eggiare),  -ona  augm. 

Metaforista  m.\  in  pi.,  sect  of  heretics  who 
held  that  the  Real  Presence  was  a  metaphor. 

Metaframma  in.  (v.  Diaframma);  the  division 
between  the  thorax  and  abdomen  of  insects. 

Metafr-asi /.  (Gr.);  paraphrasing  poetry  into 
prose,  or  other  paraphrasing  on  a  large  scale.  Aff. 
-aste  writer  of  such  paraphrases,  -astico. 

Metagenesi  £  (Gr.);  metagenesis,  a  name 
given  by  Richard  Owen  to  a  non-sexual  germination 
which  he  observed  in  certain  polyps,  v.  Mono- 
genesi  (3). 

Metalessiyl  (Gr.  ftera,  Aapx^avw  fut.  \»)i^o/xai, 
to  take);  (gram.)  metalepsis,  the  figure  of  speech 
which  consists  in  interchanging  antecedent  and  con- 
sequent. 

Metall-o  in.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  metal, 
•i.    —  saturnino,    lead.      ii.    -i   pendenti,    bells. 
iii.    in  pi.,  trumpets,      iv.    -i  bellici,  warlike  arms. 
v.    Cavi  -i  fulminanti,  artillery. 

Aff.  -ico,  -ifero,  -izzamento,  -izzare,  -izzazione, 
-ocromia  art  of  colouring  metals  by  a  deposit  on  the 
surface,  -ografia,  -bide  metalloid,  one  of  the  simple 
gases,  -omania  morbid  habit  of  swallowing  bits  of 
metal,  hence  fig.  avarice,  -oterapia  healing  by  the 
external  application  of  metals,  -urgia  metallurgy, 
working  in  metals,  -urgico,  -urgo. 

M  etamorfico ;  (geol.)  shewing  traces  of  vol- 
canic action. 

Metamorfisti;  a  sect  of  heretics  of  the  i6th 
century  who  held  that  the  body  of  Christ  was  trans- 
formed on  His  Ascension. 

Metam&rfosiy:  (Gr.  ntTaii6p4<aai.s);  i.  meta- 
morphosis. 2.  Le  metamorfnsi,  the  Metamorphoses 
of  Ovid. 

*Metapedio  in.  (hybrid  from  Gr.  P.CTO,  L.  pes, 
pedis) ;  =  M  etatarso. 

Metaplasmo  m.  (Gr.  (xera.  TrAifiu,  to  wander); 
(gram.)  alteration  in  the  form  of  a  word. 

Metastasi  /.  (Gr.  /X«T«,  orient,  placing); 
(med.)  change  either  in  the  form  or  seat  of  some 
malady.  Aff.  Metastatico. 

Metastasiano  ;  of  Metastasio  the  dramatist. 

Metastasio  m.  (a  sort  of  Greek  alteration  of 
his  real  name  Pietro  Trapassi);  the  dramatist  of 
this  name.  Come  un  eroe  di  — ,  melodramatically, 
with  much  action  but  not  corresponding  to  the  nature 
of  the  subject. 

Metatarso  m.  (Gr.  p-«Ta,  rapo-ds,  v.  Tarso); 
(anat.)  metatarsus,  the  bones  of  the  instep,  between 
the  heel  and  the  toes. 

Metatesiy:  (Gr.);  (gram.)  metathesis,  trans- 
position of  letters  in  a  word,  e.g.  Drento  for  Dentro. 

Metato  m.  (L.  me/atum,  part  of  a 
house) ;  oast-house  for  chestnuts,  a  room 


with  a  lattice-work  platform  where  the 
chestnuts  are  spread  out  to  be  dried  by 
a  fire  below. 

•Metatore  m.  (L.);  officer  who  marked  out  a 
camp. 

*  Mete  f.  (var.  of  Meta) ;  cupola. 

*  Metecallo  m. ;  a  weight  formerly  used  in  the 
pearl  trade  between  Venice  and  the  East. 

Metempsicosi,  Metemsic6si/  (Gr.  tunn- 
i^/ii^totrit)  ;  transmigration  of  souls. 

Meteor-ay:  (Gr.  ficTe'upot);  i.  any  movement 
of  or  in  the  air.  2.  meteor.  Aff.  -ico,  -ite_,  -ografia, 
-ogrdfico,  -ografo  recording  instrument  in  meteo- 
rology, -ologia,  -ologico,  -osc6pio  instrument  for  ob- 
servation. 

Meteorizzazione/l;  (vet.)  distension  of  cattle 
with  air. 

Meticcio  (Fr.  m/tis,  <  L.  miscere, 
through  some  form  like  **mixticius); 
i.  half  bred.  2.  (mitt.)  a  mineral  re- 
sulting from  the  mixture  of  isomorphous 
materials  in  any  proportions. 

Meticol6s-o,  pop.  Miticoldso  (L. 
meticielosus,  timid,  <  metus,  fear) ;  me- 
ticulous, over-scrupulous,  too  minutely 
careful.  Aff.  -dggine,  -ame"nte,  -ita. 

tMetidio  m. ;  =  Mitidio,  gumption. 

Metilene  f.  (Gr.  fieri,  iiAii,  matter);  (chem.) 
methylene,  the  radical  of  methylic  alcohol. 

Metilico;  Acido  — ,  a  body  analogous  to 
alcohol,  obtained  by  the  distillation  of  wood. 

Metbdica  /. ;  science  of  teaching. 

Metod-icamente  ;  adv.  of -ico. 

Metddico;  i.  methodical;  Vocabu- 
lario  — • ,  dictionary  arranged  according 
tosubjects,notalphabetically.  2.(philos.) 
Dubbio  — ,  imaginary  doubt  set  up  for 
destruction  by  the  method  prescribed. 
3.  Metodici,  a  school  of  medical  teachers 
who  reduced  the  whole  art  of  healing 
to  a  few  principles.  4.  spreg.  over- 
methodical  (teacher). 

Metodic6ne  m. ;  man  of  too  much 
method. 

Metod-ismo  m.',  Methodism.    Aff.  -ista. 

Metodo  m.  (Gr.  nf8o8os,  from  /.ICTO, 
686s,  road) ;  i.  method.  2.  Cosa  di — , 
customary  thing.  3.  book  of  method, 
esp.  grammar  in  which  the  rules  alter- 
nate with  the  exercises. 

Met6na  /  (augm.  Me"ta) ;  dung- 
patch. 

Met6nico  ;  v.  Numero  (6). 

Metonim-ia  /  (Gr.  ftnwvpta) ;  metonymy, 
the  figure  whereby  cause  is  put  for  effect  or  vice 
versa,  the  holder  for  the  thing  held,  etc.  Aff. 
-icamente,  -ico. 

Metonomasia  /  (Gr.  ^.ro^onairia) ;  change 
in  a  name  as  when  Trapassi  altered  his  name  to 
Metastasio. 

Met6pa/i  (Gr.);  in  a  Doric  temple,  the  panel 
or  square  space  between  two  beam  ends,  oirat,  which 
latter  had  the  triglyphs  carved  upon  them. 

Metoposcopla  f.  (Gr.  ^e'rwiro*',  forehead, 
oxoTrlto,  to  examine);  divination  by  the  lines  on 
the  forehead. 

Metraglia/.;  pop.  for  Mitragha,  grape-shot. 
•Metreta/;;  an  old  wine  measure  =  45  litres. 

Metric-o ;  i.  (poet.)  metrical.  La  -a,  the 
poetical  art.  2.  (mus.)  relating  to  time.  3.  metric 
(system  of  weights  and  measures).  4.  (mar.)  Ton- 
nellata  -a,  ton  of  a  thousand  kilogrammes, 

Metrito,  Mitrito  m.  (prob.  a  corr.  of  Emi- 
tridea);  i.  tertian  ague.  2.  convulsions  in  a  new- 
born baby.  t=Mcconio. 

Metr-o  at.  (Gr.  nir/xir,  measure);  i.  metre,  in 
all  senses  as  in  E.  2.  Monte  di  -i,  a  cubic  metre  of 
stone  for  breaking,  or  of  broken  stones,  by  the  side 
of  a  road. 

*i.  one  of  the  four  parts  into  which  the  Greeks 
divided  an  oration,  ii.  Senza  — ,  unmeasured,  ex- 
cessive. 

Metrocdrdo ;//.  (Gr.  M«'TPOX,  xopiij,  harp-string); 
(mus.)  instrument  for  gauging  the  thickness  of  a 
string. 


374 


METROLOGIA— MEZZANALE 


Mctrolog-ia  /..  (Gr.);  science  (i)  of  poetical 
metres,  (2)  of  measurements.  AJf.  -ico. 

Metromania/.  (Gr.);  craze  for  versification. 

Metrdnomo  m.  (Gr.  ^leVpoc,  ve^ia,  to  arrange); 
(i»us.)  metronome,  instrument  for  beating  time. 

Metr6poli_/  (Gr.  ^irrpoTroAic) ;  capital  city. 

Metropol-ita  >«.;  archbishop,  esf.  in  the  Greek 
Church.  Aff.  -llano. 

M6tte-re  perf.  misi,  <?r  /o/.  me'ssi, 
mette'sti,  mise  or  pop.  me'sse,  mettdmmo, 
mette'ste,  misero<?rme'ssero,/rt!rA  me'sso 
ar  /w/.  miso,  present  part,  mettente, 
or,  when  used  as  sb.  in  the  old  sense  of 
sending,  mittente  (L.  mittere,  to  send, 
<**milere,  root  smeit,  as  evidenced  by 
a  form  costnittere  for  commit  fere  given 
by  Paulus  Festus,  and  so  perhaps  akin 
to  E.  smite,  v.  Walde,  sub  Mitto;  the 
meaning  of  the  Italian  word,  which  is 
also  that  of  Span,  meter,  Proveng.  metre, 
Fr.  mettre,  is  traceable  to  such  phrases 
as  the  following,  from  Seneca,  Alexan- 
drum  manum  ad  anna  misisse,  that 
Alexander  laid  his  hand  upon  his 
weapons)  ;  to  put. 

The  secondary  meanings  are  all 
closely  related  to  the  primary,  as  the 
following  illustrations  show  :  i.  —  il 
gas,  la  luce  ellettrica,  to  put  gas,  or 
electric  light  into  a  house.  2.  at  games, 
— ,  or  —  su,  to  make  one's  stake ;  Mette 
al  lotto  tutte  le  settimane,  he  stakes 
something  at  the  lottery  every  week. 
3.  to  invest ;  —  in  terre,  in  bestiami, 
to  invest  one's  money  in  land  or  in 
purchasing  cattle.  4.  to  make  an 
assumption ;  Mettiamo  che  sia  come 
tu  dici,  granting  that  it  is  as  you  say. 
5.  —  in  Italiano,  to  put  into  Italian, 
translate ;  Mettimela  in  volgare,  say 
that  in  plain  language.  6.  to  impose 
(taxes).  7.  to  give  rise  to ;  —  la  febbre, 
to  cause  fever ;  —  zizzanie,  to  create 
discord ;  —  i  denti,  to  cut  the  teeth ; 
Prov.  Chi  mette  prima  il  tetto  e  poi  il 
fondo  gli  sta  poco  in  questo  mondo,  he 
who  puts  the  roof  first  and  the  founda- 
tions afterwards,  i.e.  who  cuts  the  upper 
teeth  before  the  lower,  does  not  live 
long ;  —  i  baffi,  to  have  one's  moustache 
beginning  to  grow.  8.  of  plants,  to 
make  shoots ;  Ancora  le  piante  non 
hanno  messo,  the  plants  have  not  yet 
begun  to  shoot ;  —  le  barbe,  to  strike 
root.  9.  to  give  in  marriage,  to  place 
in  a  situation.  10.  to  introduce  pro- 
visions or  persons  into  a  fortress,  to 
import  merchandise  into  a  city.  1 1.  of 
a  river,  to  discharge ;  La  Sieve  mette 
in  Arno,  the  Sieve  falls  into  the  Arno. 
12.  to  spend  time;  Ci  hai  messo  trop- 
po,  you  have  been  too  long  over  this ; 
Quanto  si  mette  a  venir  da  qui  a  Fi- 
renze  ?  how  long  does  it  take  to  go  from 
here  to  Florence?  13.  to  shoot  arrows  ; 
Le  saette  che  fuor  dell'  arco  mette,  the 
arrows  that  he  shoots. 

Phrases  with  A : 

14.  —  al  caldo)  to  put  in  a  warm 
place.  15.  —  al  cavallo,  to  mount  a 
gun  upon  its  carriage.  16.  —  alia  con- 
fidenza,  to  inform  in  confidence.  17.  — 
a  consiglio,  to  put  to  the  vote,  lit.  put  to 
the  council.  18.  —  al  di  sotto,  to  de- 


press, keep  down.  19.  —  a\fatto  della 
cosa,  to  furnish  with  information  about 
the  matter.  20.  --  a'  ferri  corti,  or 
ne' ferri,  v.  infra  (38).  21.  —  -A/rutto, 
to  put  out  at  interest;  Ta  le  metti  a 
frutto,  fig.  you  shall  pay  dearly  for  this. 
22.  —  a  oro,  to  gild.  23.  --  uno  a 
parti  d'  una  cosa,  to  tell  him  about  it. 
24.  —  a  partita,  (a)  to  put  to  the  vote, 
(6)  to  put  to  the  test.  25.  —  a  petto,  to 
provide  one  with  an  adversary  against 
whom  to  contend.  26.  —  appresso,  to 
put  in  comparison  with.  27.  —  al  pu- 
lito,  to  make  a  fair  copy.  28.  —  a 
rumore,  to  throw  into  confusion.  29.  — 
a  ruzzare,  a  sedere,  to  dismiss,  //'/.  send 
out  to  play  or  have  a  rest.  30.  —  a 
segno,  to  put  in  the  desired  position. 
31.  —  a  specchio,  to  enter  in  the  proper 
list.  32.  --  a  una  stregua,  to  place 
(several  persons)  in  the  same  category, 
under  the  same  rating,  v.  Stregua. 
33.  —  a  uscita,  (a)  to  enter  amongst 
the  outgoings  or  expenses,  (6)  fig.  to 
forget;  Ciascuno  mette  a  uscita  il  suo 
danno  il  meglio  che  pu6,  each  forgets 
his  loss  as  well  as  he  can. 

Phrases  with  In: 

34.  —  in  cantina,  to  put  in  the  dark, 
e.g.  by  closing  the  shutters,  lit.  to  put 
in  the  cellar.  35.  —  in  carta,  (a)  to 
write  down,  (/>)  to  make  a  drawing. 

36.  —  in  cielo,  to  praise  to  the  skies. 

37.  —  in  conto,  to  keep  an  account  of. 

38.  —  ne'  ferri,  or  a'  ferri,  to  put  in 
irons,  chain  up  a  man's  feet.     39.  —  in 
lista,  to  make  a  list  of,  to  count.   40.  — 
in  mezzo,  or  di  mezzo,  to  deceive.    41.— 
in  mora,  (leg.)  to  bind  a  person  to  fulfil 
a    contract    within    a    specified    time. 

42.  —  in  rima,  fig.  to  speak  plainly. 

43.  — '•'  in  santo,  to  church  (a  woman) 
after  child-birth.    44.  —  in  terra,  (a)  to 
rate  low,  the  opposite  of  —  in  cielo, 
(6)  to  plant.     45.  —  in  testa,  to  put  on 
a  hat,  be  covered. 

Other  phrases : 

46.  —  il  capo  in  grembo  ad  alcuno, 
to  depend  upon  him  as  trustworthy. 
47.  —  casa,  or  —  su  casa,  to  set  up 
house.  48.  —  cervello,  to  begin  to  be 
careful.  49.  —  il  cervello  a  partito  ad 
uno,  to  make  him  reflect  before  pro- 
ceeding further.  50.  —  conto,  to  be 
worth  while.  51.  —  dietro  le  spalle,  to 
disregard.  52.  —  giudizio,  to  be  care- 
ful. 53.  -  -  guai,  to  lament  loudly. 
54.  —  insieme,  to  save  money.  55.  - 
mano  a,  to  begin.  56.  —  pegno,  to  bet. 
57.  —  per  via,  to  show  the  way  to  do 
something.  58.  —  piede  innanzi  a,  to 
excel,  be  superior  to.  59.  —  sotto,  to 
plant  out,  put  a  plant  where  it  is  to  grow 
permanently.  60.  —  su,  (a)  to  set  up 
(a  business),  (b)  at  games,  to  make 
one's  stake,  (c)  to  pay  a  deposit,  (d)  to 
incite,  (e)  to  trick  a  person  into  believ- 
ing some  nonsense.  61.  —  del  suo,  to 
make  a  loss.  62.  —  tavola,  to  give  a 
feast ;  —  la  tavola,  to  lay  the  table. 
63.  —  tempo  in  mezzo,  to  linger,  waste 
time.  64.  —  veleno,  of  food  to  disagree. 


As  reflective,  -rsi:  65.  to  put  on 
(clothes) ;  Non  s'  <b  messo  le  scarpe, 
he  has  not  put  on  his  shoes.  66.  -rsi 
a,  to  begin.  67.  -rsi  con  uno,  to  quarrel 
with  him.  68.  -rsi  bene  o  male,  (a)  to 
dress  well  or  badly,  (b)  fig.  Un  affare  si 
mette  male,  a  business  is  not  doing 
well.  69.  -rsi  in  due,  in  dieci,  ecc.,  to 
form  a  party  of  two,  ten,  etc. 

Mettibdcca  m.  or  f.  ;  interferer, 
meddler. 

*  Mettiloro  ;«.;  gilder. 

Mettimale  m. ;  =  Commettimale, 
mischief-maker. 

Mettiscdndali  m. ;  i.q.  Mettimale, 
but  stronger. 

Mettistoppa  /  ;  -  da  calafato, 
(mar.)  reeming  iron. 

Mettitdre  »/. ;  gamester,  v.  Met- 
tere  (2). 

Mettitura/:  a.  Mettere. 
Meu  m. ;  (bot.)  bear-wort,  v.  Meo  (E). 
tMeve;  pron.,  me. 

Mevio  m. ;  \.  Msevius,  a  character 
in  Virgil's  Eclogues.  2.  poor  and  bit- 
ter critic. 

Mezza  f. ;  i .  E  sonata  ora  la  — ,  it 
has  just  struck  the  half  hour.  2.  half 
portion.  3.  at  billiards,  short  cue. 

*i.  Se  io  non  vi  sono  alia  — ,  if  I  am  not  there 
three  and  a  half  hours  after  sunset.  ii.  a  dry 
measure,  the  eighth  of  a  Rubbio.  One  load,  Car- 
rettata,  =  io  sacks  ;  one  sack -5  Rubbi;  one  Rubbio 
=  4  Quarte,  or  8  Mezze.  The  Quarta  was  also 
divisible  into  si  Scorzi;  one  Scorzo  =  ^  Quartucci; 
one  Quartuccio  =  2  Misure.  The  Rubbio  u-ns  about 
300  litres. 

*  Mezzabarba   ///. ;    young    fellow   with  downy 
beard. 

Mezzadrfa  /  ;  =  Mezzeria. 

Mezzadro  m.  (bit.  **  medietarius) ; 
=  Mezzaiuolo,  q.v. 

Mezzafesta  /  ;  day  with  prescribed 
religious  services  but  on  which  work  is 
permitted. 

*  Mezzafrusto  tu. ;  a  sort  of  mangonel  or  catapult. 

Mezzaiu61-o  m.,  -a  /  (It.  mezzo, 
half) ;  peasant  who  cultivates  a  farm  on 
the  mllaycr  system,  paying  a  proportion 
of  the  produce  as  rent. 

Mezzalana  / ;  material  half  cotton 
half  wool. 

^fis-  suspicious  character. 

*  Mezzale  (Mezzanale)  tn. ;  cross-bar. 

Mezzaluna/ ;  i.  half-moon.  2.  fig. 
the  Ottoman  empire.  3.  sausage  knife, 
a  curved  blade  sharp  on  its  convexity, 
worked  with  both  hands  on  a  trencher 
in  a  see-saw  movement,  each  end  of  the 
blade  being  fixed  to  a  shaft.  4.  channel 
of  half-moon  section.  5.  a  mode  in 
which  cavalry  were  drawn  up  in  the 
i6th  and  171)1  centuries.  6.  in  fortifi- 
cation, lunette. 

t  MezzamargheritayT;  (w<?r.)=Nododagancio 
doppio,  cat's  paw  knot. 

Mezzam6sca  _/^;  =  Gavina,  sea-mew. 

Mezzaua  /  ;  i.  flooring-brick,  v. 
Mattone  (9).  2.  side  of  bacon  salted 
like  a  ham,  usu.  Carnesecca.  3.  (mar.) 
mizzen-sail ;  Albero  di  — ,  mizzen-mast. 
4.  middle  string  of  a  violin. 

*  Mezzanale  m.\  i.q.  Mezzale,  cross-bar. 


MEZZANELLA— MEZZODIO 


375 


Mezzanella  /  ;  i.  a  paving-brick 
not  burnt  so  hard  as  the  Mezzana. 
2.  (mar.)  small  sail  used  at  the  stern 
end  of  the  lateen  and  other  small  ves- 
sels, back  sail. 

*Mezzanello  w. ;  =  Mezzalana. 

Mezzanffni  m.  pi. ;  paste  for  soup, 
smaller  than  Vermicelli,  but  not  so 
small  as  Capellini. 

Mezzani  HI.  pi. ;  (vet.)  the  incisor 
teeth  of  a  horse,  between  the  Picozzi, 
which  are  in  the  middle,  and  the  Can- 
toni  further  back. 

Mezzania  f. ;  i.  (war.)  i.tj.  Mezzeria,  the 
middle  part  of  a  ship,  the  waist.  2.  an  inferior 
kind  of  coral. 

Mezzanlno  m.  •  i.  (arch.)  the  en- 
tresol or  mezzanine  floor  of  a  large 
building,  that  between  the  ground  floor 
and  first  floor.  2.  the  central  or  largest 
rib  of  the  hull  of  a  ship.  3.  a  rope  used 
for  tying  up  the  middle  of  a  sail  in  a 
lateen  ship;  —  delle  tende,  crowfoot 
halliard  of  an  awning. 

*  Mezzanita    f. ;    i.    right   mean   between   two 
extremes,  e.g.  of  hot  temper  and  dulness.     ji.  inter- 
cession,    iii.  in  bad  sense,  agency  of  a  procurer.        i 

Mezzan-o  (L.  medianus) ;  i.  middle- 
sized  ;  Uomo  di  -a  statura,  man  of 
medium  height.  2.  middle  in  position, 
age,  intensity  of  feeling,  etc.;  II  fratello 
— ,  the  brother  in  the  middle  of  the 
family;  Gente  -a,  middle-class  people. 
3.  as  sb.,  intermediary,  broker,  e.g.  of 
grain  or  cattle.  4.  in  bad  sense,  pro- 
curer. 5.  in  //.,  the  pupils  of  inter- 
mediate age  in  a  school  or  institute. 
Ajf.  -ame'nte. 

Mezzan6ne  m. ;  augm.  Mezzana  (i). 
Mezzan.6ttey. ;  midnight. 

tMezzapialla/;  leaf  of  a  folding-door. 
Mezzapuleggia  f.;  (mar.)  half-sheave. 

*  Mezzare  ;  to  become  flabby,  v.  Me"zzo. 
Mezzareon  (Mezzereon)   m. ;    (tot.)   Daphne 

Mezereum. 

tMezzaria/;  v.  Mezzeria  (2). 

*  Mezzaruolayl;  an  old  measure,  about  40  litres. 
Mezzasartia/;  v.  Sartietta  (2). 

Mezzatela  / ;  cloth  partly  cotton 
partly  linen. 

Mezzaterzana  /.;  a  mild  form  of  tertian  ague. 
Mezzatesta/:;  iron  skull-cap. 

Mezzatinta/ ;  (paint.)  half-tint. 

*  Mezzatore  m. ;  mediator. 

+  Mezzavolo  tn.  ;=  Mezzaiuolo. 

*  Mezzedima/!  (L.  media  ebdomada);  Wednes- 
day. 

*Mez2cllone;  semi-solid. 
Mezzereon  »i.\  i.q.  Mezzareon. 

Mezzeria/;  i.  the  letting  a  farm 
to  a  Mezzaiuolo.  2.  (mar.)  waist,  v. 
Mezzania. 

Mezze'tta  / ;  r.  a  Tuscan  liquid 
measure,  half  of  a  Boccale,  or  a  quarter 
of  a  Fiasco,  about  half  a  pint.  2.  a  dry 
measure,  about  half  a  litre. 

Mezzettfno  in.  (di»i.  of  It.  mezzetta,  from  the 
shape  of  the  flower);  (bot.)  cow-wort,  v.  Cetino. 

Mezzetto  m. ;  (print.)  imperfect  sheet  of  paper. 
Mezzett6ne  m. ;  (bot.) corn-cockle,  v.  Gettaione. 

Mezzfn-a  /  (cogn.  Lombard  dial, 
mozina,  Tyrolese  nwsina,  all  dims.<'L. 
tnodius,  v.  Moggio,  the  e  of  Mezzina 
being  due  to  popular  etymology  from 
Mezzo);  i.  copper  or  earthenware  jug. 


2.  jug-full  of  water.     Aff.  -accia  pegg., 
-fna  dim.  vezz.,  -6na  -one  augtns. 

Mezz-o  (L.  medius,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
mittil,  A.S.  midd,  Gr.  pta-os,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Mid);  i.  half;  Prov.  A  Natale  - 
pane,  a  Pasqua  —  vino,  i.e.  the  farmer 
should  still  have  half  his  grain  by  him 
at  Christmas  and  half  his  wine  at 
Easter.  There  is  a  riddle  as  follows : 
Mezzo  pepe,  —  refe,  —  topo  e  -a  lana  e 
un  paese  di  Toscana,  to  which  the 
answer  is  Pe-re-to-la. 


'  After  a  noun  it  is  indeclinable, 
Tra  una  settimana  e  mezzo,  in  a  week 
and  a  half's  time. 

2.  of  medium  size  ;  Un  —  canapo, 
a  cable  of  medium  size ;  Tornar  — ,  to 
diminish  in  volume;  Quest' acqua  bol- 
lendo  e  tornata  mezza,  some  of  this 
water  has  boiled  away.  3.  Mezz'  aper- 
tura,  half-closed  opening.  4.  Discorso 
a  mezz'  aria,  speech  more  or  less  in  the 
air,  vague.  5.  A  mezz'  aria,  the  pace 
of  a  horse  advancing  with  short  springs, 
rising  more  than  in  "terra  a  terra,"  but 
less  than  "in  corvetta."  6.  —  bagno, 
hip-bath,  also  termed  Semicupio.  7.  -a 
battuta,  half  a  beat  in  music.  8.  A  -a 
bocca,  grudgingly ;  Invito  a  -a  bocca, 
invitation  unwillingly  given.  9.  A  -a 
botte,  semicylindrical.  10.  -a  cadenza, 
half-pause,  in  music,  n.  —  carattere, 
(a)  (theat.)  intermediate  character,  be- 
tween grave  and  gay,  referring  either 
to  the  acting  or  the  music;  (6)  of  per- 
sons, -i  caratteri,  people  who  do  not 
show  clearly  what  they  feel  and  what 
they  are.  12.  Se'  tutto  cost!  o  —  a 
casal  are  you  all  here  or  is  half  of  you 
at  home?  said  to  one  who  is  swaggering. 
13.  -a  colonna,  column  half  buried  in 
the  wall  to  which  it  is  attached.  14.  E 
-  citrullo ;  Dici  pure  due  volte  — ,  he 
is  half  a  fool ;  You  had  better  say  twice 
half.  15.  at  cards,  Far  di  — ,  to  stake 
half  of  what  one  has  or  of  what  one  has 
won.  1 6.  -a  gala,  court  dress  of  half 
mourning.  17.  -i  guanti,  mittens.  18. -e 
leve,  short  levers.  19.  -a  macchia, 
(paint.)  picture  highly  finished  in  parts, 
v.  Macchia  (3)  and  (7).  20.  Di  salute 
e  ancora  —  e  — ,  his  health  is  still  only 
so  so.  21.  -a  nona,  v.  infra  (25).  22.  - 
quarto,  (a)  a  pause  in  music,  (b)  a  wine 
measure  formerly  in  use  at  Lucca, 
(c)  (mil.)  a  certain  kind  of  gun.  23.  - 
riso,  half  smile,  ironical  smile.  24.  -a 
scala,  half  way  up  the  stairs ;  Di  —  alia 
scala,  from  half  way  up  the  stairs ;  Fac- 
ciamo  le  scale  -e  per  uno,  let  us  each 
do  half  the  stairs,  viz.  when  two  persons 
are  taking  things  upstairs,  one  always 
coming  down  from  the  top,  the  other 
going  up  from  the  bottom.  25.  -a  sesta, 
lit.  half  sext,  viz.  at  a  time  midway  be- 
tween tierce  and  sext,  v.  Canonico  (3). 
26.  -a  taglia,  person,  (a)  of  little  im- 
portance, or  (b)  of  middle  age.  27.  -i 
termini,  subterfuges.  28.  -a  terza,  v. 
supra  (25).  29.  -a  voce,  (mus.)  semi- 
tone. 

As  sb.,  30.    middle  part,  or  middle 


point ;  Nel  bel  —  di  Firenze,  right  in 
the  middle  of  Florence.  31.  half.  32.  In 
quel  — ,  =In  quel  mentre,  in  the  mean- 
time. 33.  II  giusto  — ,  the  happy 
mean.  34.  medium  in  which  a  body 
exists ;  —  respirabile,  the  atmosphere. 

35.  surroundings   in   which  one  lives. 

36.  means ;  II  fine  giustifica  i  -i,  the 
end  justifies  the  means ;  Dare  a  uno  il 
—  di  poter...,  to  provide  him  with  the 
means  for....    37.  in  pi.,  riches ;  Uomo 
di  molti  -i,  man  of  abundant  means. 
38.  of  a  singer,  Esser  nei  suoi  -i,  to  be 
in  good  voice. 

Phrases  with  A: 

39.  A  —  il  cammino,  halfway  through 
the  march.  40.  Non  lo  vedo  a  — ,  I 
hardly  see  him,  I  do  not  trouble  myself 
about  him,  cp.  infra  (vii).  41.  Le 
spese  sono  a  — ,  the  expenses  are 
equally  shared  between  them.  42.  Fare 
a  — ,  to  divide  into  equal  halves,  or  into 
several  equal  portions. 

Other  phrases: 

43.  Darla  nel  — ,  (a)  to  hit  upon 
the  right  decision,  to  satisfy  both  par- 
ties, (6)  of  the  parties  themselves,  to 
split  the  difference.  44.  Darla  per  - 
a  ogni  vizio,  to  lead  a  vicious  life. 
45.  Di  —  Ottobre,  after  the  middle  of 
October.  46.  Donna  di  — ,  cook  and 
parlour-maid.  47.  Non  esserci  pei  -i, 
to  have  a  great  deal  to  do.  48.  Non 
metter  tempo  in  — ,  to  lose  no  time,  to 
begin  at  once.  49.  Le-vare  di  — ,  to  get 
rid  of;  Levati  di  — ,  get  out  of  the  way. 

50.  Mettere  di  —  or  in  — ,  to  deceive; 
Mettersi  or  Entrare  di  — ,  to  intervene. 

51.  Per    --   di,    through,    by    means 
of.      52.    Star   di    — ,    to    be   neutral. 
S3-    Togliere  di  — ,  to  take  away,  re- 
lieve of. 

*i.  Quel  — ,  at  that  lime.  ii.  Dare  pel  — ,  to 
take  to  evil  courses,  iii.  Dnrla  pel — ,  to  act  with 
insufficient  preparation,  iv.  Senza  — ,  immediately, 
v.  Un  danaio  in  — ,  =Un  danaio  e  — .  vt.  —  can- 
none,  (til  short  gun,  (/>)  an  ancient  wind-instru- 
ment, vii.  Non  vedere  uno  a  — ,  to  have  a  great 
regard  for  him :  this  is  now  only  said  ironically, 
v.  supra  (40).  viii.  Per  — ,  =A  — ,  in  half, 
ix.  Cotal  — ,  =  Quasi,  almost. 

M^zz-o  (prob.  by  syncopation  from 
**mezzato,  part,  of  **  mezzare  =  bit. 
**mitiare,  <  L.  mitis,  to  soften);  I.  of 
fruit,  beginning  to  go;  Pera  -a,  sleepy 
pear.  2.  emphasizing  another  adj., 
Fradicio  — ,  wet  through ;  Briaco  — , 
perfectly  drunk.  Also  without  any 
other  adj.,  —  di  vino,  saturated  with 
drink. 

*Mezzo  ;«.;=Mozzo,  axle-tree.  t(»w.)=Ca- 
ricamezzo,  buntline. 

Mezzobusto  m.  ;  bust  of  a  head 
alone,  without  the  arms. 

*  Mczzocannone  m.;  v.  Mezzo  (vi,  t). 

Mezzocerchio  m. ;  semicircle. 

f  Mezzocbllo  m. ;  (mar.)  =  Ga.ssa.  con 
mezzo  parlato,  half  hitch. 

Mezzocoldre  m. ;  undecided  colour. 
Mezzodl  tn. ;  noon.     *south  wind. 

*  Mezzodio  m.\  demigod. 


376 


MEZZODOTTO— MIETERE 


M£zzod6tto,  pi.  mdzzidotti  m.  ; 
half-instructed  person. 

*MezzofierayC;  monster,  half  beast,  half  man. 

M6zzogi6rno,  //.  m^zzogiorni  m.  ; 

1.  mid-day.     2.  south. 

*  Mezzograppolo  tit.  ;  a  kind  of  wine. 

*  Mezzolanay.;  mediocrity. 

*  Mezzolano  tn.  ;  a  variety  of  bean. 

Mezz6mbra  /  ;  (paint.)  half-light. 

*  Mezzominerale    m.  ;     semi-metal,     a    term 
formerly   applied    to    metals    which    are    not    very 
ductile  or  malleable,  such  as   antimony,    bismuth, 
etc. 

Mezzdne  m.;  i.  the  inferior  wine 
made  from  crushed  grapes,  from  which 
most  of  the  juice  has  been  pressed. 

2.  (arch.)  cross-beam   of  larger   than 
ordinary  size. 

Mezzoport&llo  m.  ;  (mar.)  half-port. 

Mfczzopunto,  pi.  mfczzipunti  m.  ;  a 
stop  formerly  used  where  a  colon  is  now 
employed. 

*  Mezzoquartiere  m.',  an  old  oil-measure. 
*Mezzoquarto   m.  ;    i.    an  old   liquid-measure. 

ii.   an  old  corn-measure. 

tMezzoraggio    m.  ;    (mar.)  =  Mezzapuleggia, 
half-sheave. 

M6zzorili6vo  m.  ;  demi-relief,  inter- 
mediate between  high  relief  and  low 
relief. 

M6zzoscu.ro  m.  ;  (paint)  half- 
shading. 

Mezzosoprano  m.',  (HIIIS.)  the  voice  of  this 
description. 


M6zzot6rmine,   //. 
m.  ;  expedient  for  reconciling  two  con- 
trary terms,  subterfuge. 

Mezzotondo  ;  half  round  (spouting), 
iron  gutters  semicircular  in  section.  As 
s6.,  spoutings  of  this  kind,  curved  tiles 
for  covering  circular  columns,  etc. 

Mezzovesnto  m.  ;  wind  with  a  com- 
pound name  formed  from  the  quarters 
between  which  it  blows,  e.g.  Grecotra- 
montana,  a  wind  between  Greco,  N.E., 
and  Tramontana,  N. 

Mezzov^rso  m.  ;  half  verse,  hemi- 
stich, often  employed  by  Virgil. 

Mezzovino  tn.  ;  wine  and  water. 

Mezziyolo  ;«.  ;  (arch.')  a  moulding  of  which 
the  section  is  a  quarter  circle. 

Mezzuccio  in.  ;  dim.  spreg.  Mezzo,  means, 
v.  Mezzo  (36). 

•  Mezzuglio  m.  ;  cover  of  an  earthenware  pan. 

Mezzule  m.  (L.  medialis);  middle 
piece  of  the  front  end  of  a  cask  where 
the  tap  is  inserted. 

Mi(A)(L.  tniki);  me. 

(B);  (inns.)  i.  the  E  of  the  German  or  English 
musical  scale  ;  for  the  origin  of  the  name  v.  Do. 
2.   the  Mi  string  of  an  instrument. 
yl;  gaper-shell,  Mya. 


Miagol-are  ind.  miagolo  (imit.);  to 
mew.  Aff.  -ame'nto  -ata  -atore  -atrice 
-fo  Jreq.  sb.,  -o  sb. 

Miagro  m.  ;  (&»/.)  i.  gold-of-pleasure,  v.  Dorella. 
2.  —  orientate,  v.  Rapastrella. 

Miao  or  Miau;  imit.  of  a  cat's  mew,  usu. 
Gnau. 

Miasm-a  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -atico. 

Miaulare  (Miavolare);  =  Miagolare. 

Mica  (A)  adv.  (L.  mica,  a  crumb, 
root  smik,  cp.  Gr.  a/uxpus,  small, 


O.H.G.  stnahan,  to  belittle,  E.  small); 
not  at  all. 

(B)  ;.  (L.  mico,  to  glitter,  root  mik,  to  vibrate, 
cp.  Sanskr.  mish,  to  wink) ;  mica,  a  group  of  minerals 
occurring  in  granite  and  other  eruptive  rocks,  charac- 
terised by  very  perfect  cleavage,  so  that  they  readily 
separate  into  thin  flakes  more  or  less  transparent,  and 
of  all  colours  from  pale  yellow  to  black. 

*(C)  (from  the  same  root  as  the  adverb) ;  little  bit. 

*(D);=Micca. 
Mic-aceo,  -aschisto;  (win.)  as  E. 

*Micalato  tn. ;  a  gold  coin,  from  the  name 
Michael,  borne  by  several  of  the  Byzantine  em- 
perors. 

•Miccay:  (A)  (cagil.  Fr.  miche,  small  loaf,  <L. 
mica,  crumb,  7'.  Mica,  A);  poor  thin  soup.  (B); 
i.a.  Meta,  dung.  (C);  A  — ,  in  abundance,  in 
which  sense  the  word  is  probably  a  variant  of 
Macca. 

Micc-erMlo,  -6tto  m. ;  dims,  of  -io. 
Micche'tto  m. ;  dim.  Micco. 

Miccia/  (A);  i.  v.  Miccio.  2.  main 
piece  ;  • —  dell'  argano,  (mar.)  =  Tam- 
buro,  barrel  of  the  capstan.  3.  =  Anima, 
core ;  —  di  un  albero  composto,  heart- 
piece  of  a  made  mast. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  meche,  <  L.  myxa,  =  Gr. 

a,  lamp-nozzle,  root  muk,  to  be  slimy, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Match) ;  match  for  firing 
an  explosive. 

*  Miccianza  y!;=  Mescolanza,  mixture. 
'Miccichino  tn.\  dint.  Miccino. 

*  Micciere;  donkey-like,  v.  Miccio. 

Miccino  m.  (a  palatalised  dim.  based 
upon  L.  mica,  v.  Mica,  A) ;  now  only 
used  in  the  adverbial  phrase  A  — , 
stingily,  or  in  good  sense,  sparingly. 

Micci-o  m.  -a/  (A);  donkey.  As 
a  term  of  personal  abuse,  fig.  it  implies 
more  spitefulness  than  Ciuco ;  Miccio, 
spiteful  beast,  Ciuco,  stupid  ass. 

Etym.  Co$n.  Lombard  dial,  mussa,  Friuli 
dial,  muss ;  attributed  by  Caix  to  L.  musinw,  =  Gr. 
fiovatuav,  the  wild  sheep  of  Sardinia  mentioned  by 
Strabo ;  Htwsinn  became  in  Latin  the  name  for  an 
entire  horse  or  ass.  But  v.  infra,  Mogio. 

(B);  =Micio,  puss. 

*(C);=  Miccia  (B),  match. 

*  Micciolfo  m.\  ignorant  boor. 

Micco  m.  (prob.  akin  to  Mica  and 
Micca);  i.  ape.  2.  fig.  debauchee. 

Micelio  tit.  (Gr.  /iv*nj«,  fungus,  ^Aos,  nail); 
(bot.)  mycelium. 

Micene./;  (geogr.)  Mycenae. 
MicetologiayC  (Gr.);  =  Micologia. 

Michelaccio  m.,  spreg.  for  Michele. 
Prov.  Far  la  vita  di  — ,  i.e.  to  eat  and 
drink  and  do  nothing. 

Michelagnplo;  sckerz.  for  Michelangelo. 
Michelangiolesco  ;     belonging     to    Michael 
Angelo. 

Michele;  Michael. 

Michele'tti  m.  fl. ;  nickname  of  the 
Spanish  soldiery  in  Italy  in  the  I7th 
century. 

Micia  f.  (v.  Micio) ;  familiar  term 
for  cat,  pussy.  Prov.  Chiamar  la  gatta 
gatta  e  non  micia,  to  call  a  cat  a  cat 
not  pussy,  i.e.  to  call  a  spade  a  spade. 

Micidial-e  (bit.  omitidiale,<homo, 
man,  caedere,  to  kill) ;  deadly.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 

Micin-a  /,  -o  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Micio, 
kitten.  Prov.  I  -i  hanno  aperto  gli 
occhi,  the  kittens  have  opened  their 
eyes,  said  when  people  prove  not  to  be 
so  stupid  as  was  thought. 


Mici-0,  Miccio  m.  (etyrn.  dub.,  per- 
haps <  bit.  musio,<L.  mus, mouse) ;  cat, 
esp.  when  calling  to  one,  "puss,  puss." 
Stare,  or  Farla  in  barba  di  — ,  lit.  to 
be  a  cat  doing  its  whiskers,  i.e.,  to  be 
very  comfortable,  like  a  cat  cleaning  its 
face  after  it  has  had  food.  The  fuller 
phrase  is,  Stare  come  il  papa  in  barba 
di  — .  Aff.  -6ne  -6na  augms. 

tMiciolo,  Micioro  tn. ;  in//.,  the  flowers  of  the 
chestnut  tree. 

*Micolame  ;«. ;=Minuzzame,  little  things. 

Micolfn-a  f.,  -o  m.  (sub-dim.  <  L. 
mica,  v.  Mica) ;  =  Bricciolino,  scrap. 

Micolog-ia/:  (Gr.  MVKT);,  fungus);  science  of 
fungi,  mycology.  Aft.  -ico,  -o. 

Micrania./^Emicrama,  headache. 

Micr6bio  ;«.  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Microcefalo  (Gr.);  with  small  head. 

Microcosmo  /«.  (Gr);  microcosm,  little  world, 
hence  applied  by  Paracelsus  and  the  medical  astro- 
logers to  mean  mankind. 

Microfauna  f. ;  science  dealing  with  small 
animals. 

Micr&fono  tn.  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Micrograf-ia  /.  (Gr.);  description  of  micro- 
scopic objects.  Aff.  -o. 

MicrologiayC  (Gr.);  science  of  small  objects. 

Micromega  m.  (Gr.) ;  an  essay  of  Voltaire  to 
show  that  the  ideas  of  large  and  small  are  quite 
subjective. 

Micrometriay:  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Micropilo  m.  (Gr.  iryAij,  gate) ;  micropyle, 
aperture  in  the  episperm  of  a  seed  which  represents 
the  orifice  traversed  by  the  pollen  tube  through  the 
coverings  of  the  ovule  in  order  to  effect  fertilisation. 

Microsc-opia/:  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -opico. 

Microscdp-io  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ista. 

Micrdtomo  m.  (Gr.  Tt'prto,  to  cut);  apparatus 
for  cutting  microscopic  sections, 

Mida  tn. ;  i.  Midas,  the  Phrygian  king  whose 
name  has  passed  into  a  proverb,  on  the  one  hand  for 
wealth  and  on  the  other  for  having  the  ears  of  an 
ass;  Aver  le  mani  di  — ,  in  good  sense,  to  do  good 
work,  Midas's  touch  having  been  fabled  to  turn 
everything  into  gold;  Gli  orecchi  di  — ,  i.e.  ass's 
ears,  said  of  a  man  who  is  rich,  but  a  fool.  2.  a 
genus  of  South  American  apes.  3.  a  genus  of  dip- 
terous  insects.  4.  (bot.)  Orecchio  di  — ,  earth-jelly, 
a  species  of  gelatinous  fungus,  Tremella  auricula. 

Mid611-a  f.  (L.  medulla,  marrow, 
perhaps<»WzW) ;  i.  the  crumb  of  a 
piece  of  bread ;  Sputare  la  — ,  to  pre- 
tend to  be  rich.  2.  marrow,  of  an 
animal  or  man  while  alive.  3.  pith  of 
a  plant  (usu.  Midollo),  pulp  of  an 
orange,  etc. 

Aff.  -are  adj.,  -6tta  -ina  dims. 

Middllo  m.  (var.  of  Midolla);  i.  mar- 
row, usu.  of  a  slaughtered  animal,  as  an 
article  of  food.  2.  pith  of  a  plant. 

Midoll6n-e  m.,  -a/  (augm.  of  -a); 

1.  large  piece  of  bread  without  the  crust. 

2.  fig.  flabby  person. 

Midoll6so ;  with  too  much  crumb. 

MidHa&i  f.  (Gr.  ^v£piWt? ,  <  pvjpo?,  lump); 
enlargement  of  the  pupil  of  the  eye. 

Mtele  (Mele)  m.  (L.  mel,  cp.  Gr. 
pcXi,  honey,  /iAio-o-a,  bee,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Mellifluous);  honey.  Abituato  al  — ,  of 
a  child,  spoilt.  -  rosato,  honey  pre- 
pared as  a  medical  application. 

Mielitey?  (Gr.  pveAot);  myelitis,  inflammation 
of  the  spinal  cord. 

Miemiteyl  (from  Mierno,  in  Tuscany);  (min.) 
green  magnesian  spar. 

Mi6t-ere,  p?rf.  miete'i,  part,  mie- 
tuto  (L.  meto,  akin  to  Gr.  d/ia<o,  to  mow, 
n^ir/,  sickle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mow) ;  to 
mow.  —  a  terra,  to  mow  short,  close. 
—  a  collo,  to  mow  the  heads  of  the 
crop,  leaving  a  long  stubble.  Aff. 
-itore,  -itrice  reaping-machine,  -itura. 


MIGA— MILLILITRO 


377 


*  Miga  ;=Mica,  not  at  all. 

*  Migade  w.  (Gr.  ^ayafii?,  Egyptian  lute)  ;  mov- 
able bridge  of  a  violin. 

Migaley^;  a  genus  of  South  American  spiders, 
Mygale,  one  species  of  which  is  large  enough  to 
attack  humming-birds. 

Migliacc-io  m.  (It.  miglio, <L.  tni- 
lium,  the  article  having  formerly  been 
prepared  from  millet) ;  i.  i.q.  Castagnac- 
cio,  chestnut-flour  cake.  2.  =Roventino, 
black  pudding.  3.  In  iron  smelting, 
Fare  un  — ,  to  fail  in  the  casting. 
4.  scherz.  Fare  un  — ,  to  bleed  from 
the  nose.  5.  =  Pastone,  mass  of  dough. 
Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Migliaccidla  /;  a  kind  of  fritter 
made  of  flour  and  water  fried  with  oil. 

Migliaio  m.  (L.  milliarius) ;  a  thou- 
sand. 

*i.  =  Miglio,  mile;  Mostrarsi  delle  sei  migliaia, 
—  Mostrarsi  delle  cento  miglia,  to  behave  as  if  miles 
away,  i.e.  to  refuse  to  answer  when  spoken  to.  ii,  as 
a  measure  of  weight,  —  grosso,  =  1588  libbre  sottili. 

M  iglialsdle  m.;  (<W.)gromwell,  Litnospermum 
offtcinale. 

Migliare;  v.  Miliare. 

Migliarello  m.;  dim.  Miglio,  scherz.  a  short 
mile. 

*  Migliarese  m. ;  a  pennyweight. 
Migliarina  /;   (int.)  —  erbacea,  four-leaved 

all-seed,  Polycarpon  tetraphyllum. 

Migliafin-o  m.  (It.  miglio,  millet,  from  the 
bird's  diet);  I.  (orriitk.)  (a)  black-headed  bunting, 
Emberizti  schoeniclus,  also  termed  Muciatto,  Orto- 
lano  d'  acqua  or  dei  canneti ;  (b)  —  di  padule,  =  Pas- 
sera  di  padule,  reed-bunting ;  (c)  Passera  -a,  tree- 
sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  e).  2.  in  pi.,  small  shot. 
3.  (hot.')  tufted  hair-grass,  v.  Nebbia  (4,  b). 

Migliar61a/;=Migliarini,  small  shot. 

Miglio  ;;/.  (A)  (L.  milia,  sc.  passuum, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Mile);  I.  with//./,  mi- 
glia, mile.  The  lengths  of  the  various 
miles,  in  metres,  are  as  follows:  Italian 
generally,  1850,  Tuscan  or  Roman  1487, 
Piedmontese  2466,  German  7500,  Eng- 
lish 1523.  2.  Jig.  Dare  quattro,  sei 
miglia  di  giunta,  to  give  so  much  start ; 
Lui  ha  spirito?  Suo  fratello  gli  da  sei 
miglia  di  giunta,  he  clever?  his  brother 
is  miles  cleverer,  ///.  would  give  him  a 
start  of  six  miles. 

3.  with  pi.  in.  migli,  milestone,  also 
termed  Pietra  migliare,  as  in  English. 
In  ancient  Rome,lhe/fii/iariitmaureu>n, 
Miglio  d'  oro,  was  a  milestone  set  up 
by  Augustus  in  the  Forum  as  the  ter- 
minal point  of  all  military  roads. 

(B)  (L.  miliunt,  cogn.  Gr.  ficXivr/) ; 
(hot.)  i.  millet,  Miliiim panicum,  some- 
times termed  —  nostrale.  2.  —  indiano, 
dhurra,  it.  Saggina. 

*Migliolino  m. ;  =  Orzaiolo,  sty  in  the  eye. 

Migli6r-e (war.  of  Meglio);  i.  better, 
as  adj.,  not  as  adv.,  TJ.  Meglio.  2.  best. 
Aff.  -amento,  -are,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-fa  amelioration. 

*Migna/;=Mignola,  olive-flower  bud. 

Mignatta  /.  (perhaps <**  miniata, 
<  L.  mini u in,  red  oxide  of  lead,  referring 
to  the  animal's  colour);  leech,  Hirudo 
officinalis.  *fij>.  stingy  fellow. 

Mignattai-o  m.,  -ayl;  i.  hunter  for,  or  pro- 
vider of,  leeches.  2.  (ornitli.).Q,  (a)  green,  or  glossy, 
ibis,  Ibis  /alLtnellut,  also  termed  Falcinello;  (6)= 
Chiurlo,  curlew,  so  termed  from  the  habit  of  these 
birds  to  grub  in  mud  for  their  food  with  their  long 
curved  beaks,  as  if  seeking  for  leeches. 

Mignattinay;;  dint.  vez~.  Mignatla,  leech. 

Mignattino  m. ;  (ornith.)  r.  black  sea-swallow, 
or  tern,  Sterna  tiigra,  also  termed  Mignattone, 

H. 


Chiurlo  marino,  Ciarlotto  gesuita,  Colombino,  Pannel- 
bagio,  Petto-bianco.  2.  —  ali-bianche,  white-winged 
black  tern.-S'rVrwrt  leucoptera,  also  termed  Mignattino 
zampe  rosse,  Sterna  nera.  3.  —  bigio,  whiskered 
tern,  Sterna  kybrida,  also  termed  Rondine  di  mare 
piombata. 

Mignatto  /«.;  round-worm,  Ascaris  lumbri- 
cosa. 

Mignatt6ne  m. ;  I.  augm.  Mignatta 
in  fig.  sense,  terrible  blood-sucker, 
usurer,  or  fearful  bore.  2.  =  Mignat- 
tino, tern. 

•Mignellay:  (a  dim.  akin  to  Mignolo,  lit.  one 
who  collects  trifles) ;  stingy  person. 

Mlgnola/;  the  white  flower-bud  of 
the  olive,  so  called  from  a  fancied  re- 
semblance to  the  little  finger,  Mignolo. 

Mignol-are  ind.  mignolo ;  to  de- 
velop Mignole.  Prov.  Quando  -a 
d'  aprile  ammannisci  un  buon  barile ; 
quando  -a  di  maggio  n'  avrai  tanto  per 
assaggio ;  quando  -a  di  giugno  t'  un- 
gerai  appena  il  grugno,  when  the  olive 
blossoms  in  April  provide  a  barrel  for 
the  oil,  when  in  May  there  will  be 
enough  for  a  sample,  when  in  June  not 
enough  to  oil  your  face.  Or,  Se  -a 
d'  aprile  vacci  col  barile,  se  -a  di  mag- 
gio vacci  col  saggio,  with  similar 
meaning.  Vacci  =  go  there,  i.e.  to  the 
oil  press.  Aff.  -atura. 

Mignolo  m.  ;  i.  little  finger.  2.  = 
Mignola,  olive  bud.  3.  name  of  a 
variety  of  olive. 

Etym.  dub. ;  the  word  may  be  akin  to  L. 
minimus,  v.  Minimo,  or  to  O.  H.G.  minnja,  love, 
in  the  sense  of  little  pet,  hence  simply  little  thing, 
and  so  to  Fr.  mignon,  v.  Mignone. 

Migndne  m.  (A)  (Fr.  mignon,  sweet, 
pretty,  <  M.H.G.  minne,  love,  akin  to 
O.H.G.  minna,  memory,  root  min,  to 
think,  cp.  L.  memini,  \  remember,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Minion);  i.  favour- 
ite. 2.  piece  of  a'rmour  for  the  fore-arm 
introduced  by  the  Spaniards. 

(B)  (Fr.  mignon,  small,  root  min, 
small,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Minute) ;  minion 
type,  11.  Carattere  (3). 

*Mignotta  f._   (Fr.    miettotte,  <  mignoter,    to 
caress,  akin  to  mignon,  v.  Mignone,  A);  prostitute. 

Migr-are  (L.,  root  meig,  to  change,  cp.  Gr. 
d-/iet'|S-w,  to  change,  old  Bulgarian  mig-liv ,  mobile); 
as  E.  Aff.  -atore,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Miite  /  (Gr.  ^Ct,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Muscle); 
(nted.)  muscular  inflammation. 

Mila  (I,,  millid);  pi.  of  Mille  when  conjoined 
with  another  numeral,  as  Diecimila,  ten  thousand. 

Milano  m.;  (A)  (geogr.)  Milan,  the  Roman 
Mediola  limit. 

(K)(cogn.  Fr.  and  Provenc..  w///?«,<L.  mifcus); 
buzzard,  v.  Poiana.  t  =  Caramella. 

Miledi/  (E.  my  lady);  fine  lady. 
*  Milenso  ;  =  MeIenso.  stupid. 

Miliardo, pop.  Milliardo  m.  (Fr.  milliard, < 
L.  mitle,  with  Germanic  suffix,  v.  supra,  -ardo  in 
loco)',  a  thousand  millions. 

Miliar-e,  Migliar-e  (A)  (L.  milium,  millet); 
(med.)  (fever)  accompanied  by  an  eruption  of  small 
red  vesicles,  miliary  fever.  Aff.  -ico. 

(B);  =  Milliare. 

Miliobate  f.\  —  aquila,  eagle-ray  (fish),  Mylio- 
batis  Hoctula,  locally  termed  Colombo,  Ferraccia, 
Ferrason,  Aquila  di  mare,  Aquilone. 

Mili61ayT;  a  genus  of  Foraminifera,  the  fossils 
of  which  largely  make  up  the  limestone  beds  near 
Paris. 

Mili6n-e,  Milli6n-e  m.  (late  I,.,  augm.  of  L. 
mille) ',  million.  *  troop  of  a  thousand  men.  Aff. 
-ario  as  E.,  -cino  dim.  vezz.  iron.,  -esimo  millionth. 

Milit-e  »i.  (L.  miles,  perhaps  akin  to  Gr. 
6-*uA-t'a,  intercourse,  o^iAoc,  assembly.  Sanskr. 
milati,  he  assembles,  melas,  association) ;  soldier 
of  ancient  or  medieval  times. 

Aff.  -are  to  serve,  usu.  Jig.  as  in  the  army  of 
the  Church,  or  in  an  irregular  force  such  as  that  of 


Garibaldi,  -are  adj.,  -arescamdnte,  -aresco  savouring 
of  militarism,  -arismo,  -ariziare  to  convert  a  civil 
population  into  a  military  one,  -armente. 

Milizia   f.    (L.) ;    i.    arms,    as    a    profession. 

2.  soldiers  collectively. 

Millanta;  scherz.  for  Mille,  formed 
on  the  analogy  of  Novanta  from  Nove, 
etc. 

Millant-are  (It.  millanta,  as  it  were 
to  multiply  by  a  thousand) ;  tr.  or  intr., 
to  boast.  Aff.  -atore  -atrice  -en'a. 

Mille  (L.) ;  a  thousand.  The  pi. 
used  as  a  sb.  is  Mille  except  when  used 
with  another  numeral,  when  it  becomes 
Mila.  I  Mille,  the  volunteers  who  ac- 
companied Garibaldi  from  Genoa  in  his 
Sicilian  expedition  in  1860.  Nel  — ,  or 
Nel  —  uno,  scherz.,  of  something  very 
antiquated.  Stare  in  sul  — ,  or  Essere 
come  la  stadera  dell'  Elba  che  ha  la 
prima  tacca  sul  — ,  to  be  like  the  Elba 
steel-yard  which  begins  at  a  thousand, 
i.e.  to  be  extremely  dignified.  Si  fa  — , 
said  to  one  who  keeps  on  shuffling  at 
cards.  Le  —  e  una  notte,  the  stories 
of  the  Arabian  nights. 

Mill&cuplo;  a  thousand-fold. 

Millefl6ri  m. ;  Acqua  di  — ,  a  kind 
of  scent. 

Millefbglio  m. ;  (hot.)  i.  milfoil  or 
yarrow,  v.  Erba  (44).  2.  —  acquatico, 
water  dropwort,  v.  Finocchio  (i,  c). 

3.  —  de'  laghi,  whorled  water  milfoil, 
v.   Roseola.      4.    —   muschiato,   musk 
milfoil,  Ptarmica  moscata.     5.    —  spi- 
gato,     awned     milfoil,     Myriophyllum 
sptcahim. 

Millegrana/;  (iat.)i.  dwarf  all-seed,  Radiola 
millegrana.  2.  —  marittima,  shore  strapwort,  v. 
Correggiola  (2). 

Millenai'-io  (mlt.  millenarins} ; 
i.  millenary,  referring  to  a  thousand 
years  ago.  2.  lasting  for  a  thousand 
years.  3.  in  pi.,  heretics  who  believed 
in  the  millennium  ;  Antichi  -i,  the  earlier 
of  these  heretics ;  Nupvi  -i,  the  later 
ones,  those  who  lived  in  the  I2th  and 
I3th  centuries.  The  millennium  was  to 
be  a  period  of  a  thousand  years  after 
the  second  coming  of  Christ,  during 
which  men  were  to  live  sinless  lives  on 
earth. 

Millenne  ;  lasting  for  a  thousand  years. 

Millennio  tn. ;  period  of  a  thousand  years, 
whether  in  the  sense  described  above  or  any  other. 

Millepiedi  m.  (L.  mille,  /<•$);  =  Centogambe, 
milliped,  any  animal  of  the  myriapod  class,  which 
is  intermediate  between  insects  and  crustaceans. 

Milleporayl;  millepore,  a  genus  of  corals. 

Millesimo ;  i.  thousandth.  2.  as 
sb.,  thousandth  part.  3.  i.q.  Millennio. 

4.  date  (usu.  Data),  including  the  day 
and  the  year,  when  some  event  occurred. 

5.  D'  un  altro  — ,  said  of  some  fashion 
of  clothes,  etc.,  belonging  to  another 
period.     6.    iron.  In  che  —  avvenne? 
when  did  it  happen  ?  said  of  some  ex- 
traordinary occurrence  related  as  true. 

Milliardo  m.;  pop.  for  Miliardo. 

Milliare.  Miliare  (L.  miliarius)',  Colonna, 
Pietra  — ,  milepost,  milestone  used  by  the  ancient 
Romans  to  mark  distances. 

Milligramme  tn.  (Fr.);  thousandth  of  a 
gramme. 

Millilitro,  Millilitro  w.  (Fr.);  thousandth  of 
a  litre. 

48 


378 


MILLIMETRO— MINUTAGLIA 


Millimetre  ;//.  (Fr.);  thousandth  of  a  metre. 

Millione  m.;  pop.  for  Milione. 

Milluina  f.\  pochard  duck,  v.  Germane  (4). 

Milord,  Milbrde  m.  (E.  my  lord);  a  grand 
gentleman. 

Milordino  m.\  dim.  vezz.  or  iron,  of  Milorde. 

Mildrte  m. ;  pop.  for  Milorde. 
*Miluogo/«. ;  midst. 

MUza/  (O.H.G.  milzi,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Milt); 
spleen. 

*Milzo;  i.  —  Smilzo,  thin.    ii.  poor. 

Mima/  ;  pantomime  dancer. 

*  Mjmare  m. ;  mid-sea. 

*Mimetrico;    Scrittore  — ,  writer  of  metrical 
pantomime. 

Mfmica/  ;  gesticulation.  Studia  la 
— ,  he  is  studying  the  art  of  gesticula- 
tion. Faceva  la  —  d'  un  vero  duello, 
he  went  through  the  actions  of  a  real 
duel. 

Mimm-0  m.  (either<L.  minimus  or 
a  corruption  of  It.  bimbo);  i.  baby; 
Andare  a'  -i,  to  go  out  for  a  walk  with 
the  babies;  Ecco  il  bambino  vestito 
che  va  a'  -i,  here  is  the  baby  all  ready 
dressed  to  go  out  for  his  walk.  2.  baby- 
face,  young  person  with  the  face  of  a 
baby,  t  =  Piolo,  stone. 

Mim-0  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  ^i/tot) ;  i.  pan- 
tomime dancer.  2.  pantomime  show. 
3.  ancient  Greek  actor.  4.  (ornM.)  — 
poliglotto,  mocking-bird,  Mimus  poli- 
glottus.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

Mimdgrafo  m. ;  writer  of  pantomimes. 

Mimosa  f.  (Span,  mimosa,  <  mimo,  caress,  < 
mimar,  to  fondle,  lit.  to  treat  like  a  baby,  <  L. 
minimus,  cp.  It.  Mimmo);  (bat.)  i.  the  Mimosa 
pudica  or  sensitive  plant,  the  leaves  of  which  curl 
up  on  being  touched.  2.  mimosa,  a  genus  of  plants, 
order  Legnminosae,  from  one  of  which  gum  arabic 
is  obtained. 

Mimulo  m. ;  (/><>/.)  mimulus,  a  genus  of  Scrophu- 
lariaceae. 

Mina/  (A)  (L.  hemina,  which  was 
half  a  sextarius,  not  more  than  a  pint) ; 
i.  an  old  Tuscan  measure  of  capacity, 
about  half  a  bushel.  1.  fig.  a  big  heavy 
baby,  one  that  would  weigh  half  a 
bushel  of  grain. 

(B)  (L.  mina,  Gr.  fiva,  originally  a 
Hebrew  or  Phoenician  weight) ;  the 
ancient  Greek  or  Roman  coin. 

(0)  (It.  menare,  so  that  the  original 
meaning  was  secret  procedure,  hidden 
design) ;  i.  mine  (to  be  exploded)  ; 
Giocare,  or  Non  giocare  la  — ,  to  pro- 
duce or  fail  of  producing  its  result 
when  fired.  2.  fig.  Dar  fuoco  alia  — , 
to  finish  off  the  business,  bring  matters 
to  a  close. 

*i.=Miniera,  mine  for  winning  minerals.  ii.= 
Minaccia,  threat. 

Minacc-ia  /  (L.  minaciae,  threats, 
Oninax,  overhanging,  and  so  threaten- 
ing, root  min,  to  project) ;  threat. 

Aff.  -evole,  -evolmente,  -labile  capable  of  being 
frightened  by  threads,  -iamento,  -iare,  -iatore, 
-iatrice,  -iosamente,  -ioso. 

Minare  (It.  mina);  to  undermine. 

Minareto  (Minaretto)  m.  (Arabic  manarat,< 
nar,  to  shine) ;  minaret,  tower  of  a  Turkish  mosque. 

Minatdre  m. ;  miner. 
Minatbrio;  threatening. 

Minchia  (Mincia)/  (late  L.  mencla,  a  variant 
of  mentula,  r.  Mentula);  rainbow-fish,  v.  Donzella 
(2,  b).  t  the  male  organ.  *  Fare  la  —  fredda,  to  be 
a  fool. 


Minchiate///. ;  a  form  of  Tarocchi, 
played  with  97  cards,  viz.  56  Cartacce, 
40  Tarocchi,  and  i  Matto.  There  are 
four  players  who  play  either  in  pairs, 
which  is  the  proper  game,  or  all  against 
all. 

Minchion-are  ind.  minchi6no ;  to 
banter,  to  "rag."  Pigliava  quelle  lodi 
per  vere  e  non  s'  accorgeva  che  lo 
-avano,  he  took  that  praise  as  genuine 
and  did  not  find  out  they  were  ragging 
him.  Farsi  — ,  to  make  a  fool  of  one- 
self by  not  doing  what  the  most  ordinary 
knowledge  of  life  shows  to  be  required. 
Invitare  a  tavola  con  questa  roba  e  farsi 
— ,  to  invite  people  to  a  dinner  of  this 
sort  would  be  only  making  asses  of 
ourselves.  Tu  non  -i  ?  you  are  not 
laughing  at  me?  said  to  one  who  tells 
you  something  extraordinary.  Non  — , 
to  be  in  good  earnest.  leri  pioveva  e 
oggi  non  -a,  it  rained  yesterday  and  to- 
day it  is  coming  down  in  good  earnest. 
—  la  fiera,  or  la  Mattea,  pop.,  to  pull  a 
person's  leg,  humbug  him. 

Minchidn-e  m.  (augm.  Minchia,  as 
in  the  phrase  Fare  la  minchia  fredda, 
to  be  an  ass) ;  simpleton.  Non  fare  il 
— ,  i.e.  don't  pretend  you  did  not  do  it 
on  purpose.  Non  fece  il  — ,  i.e.  he 
made  good  use  of  his  chance.  Prov. 
L'  ora  del  —  viene  a  tutti,  i.e.  every  one 
makes  a  mistake  sometimes.  Furbo  il 
— ,  the  sly  fellow,  the  simpleton  ;  when 
a  person,  thinking  he  is  doing  some- 
thing sharp,  makes  a  blunder.  Ogni 
fedel  — ,  any  fool.  A'  -i  fa  freddo,  said 
of  people  who  are  over-scrupulous  not 
to  push  themselves  forward,  -i !  in  pi. 
expresses  astonishment. 

Aff.  -accio  spreg.  rather  than  pegg.,  good- 
natured  ass,  -atore,  -atora,  -atorio,  -atura,  .cello 
-cella  ditns.,  -cmo  dim.  iron,  or  vezz.,  -Clone 
mtgin.,  -ci6tto  dim.,  young  fool,  -erfa  piece  of 
stupidity. 

Minchiotto  ;«.;  (mar.)  heel  tenon  of  a  bow- 
sprit. 

tMinciayl;  rainbow-fish,  v.  Donzella  (2,  b). 
tMinciotto  m  ',  top  tenon  of  a  mast,  v.  Mas- 
chio  (10,  b). 

*  Minde;  for  Me  ne. 

Mineral-e  (mlt.  mituralis,  of  Celtic  origin,  v. 
Skeat,  su/>  Mine,  2);  as  E. 

Aj(f.  -ista,  -izzare  to  combine  two  minerals, 
-izzatore  the  ingredient  which  determines  the  mineral 
character  of  a  compound,  -tzzazione,  -ogia,  -6gico. 

Minerario  ;  relating  to  mines. 

Minerva/;  i.  the  goddess;  Fronde 
di  — ,  (poet.}  the  olive.  2.  Palazzo  — , 
at  Rome,  the  office  of  the  ministry  of 
education.  3.  Gabinetto  di — ,  scientific 
institute.  4.  (med.)  apparatus  employed 
in  cases  of  torticollis. 

Minervalew. ;  i.  fee  paid  to  school-masters  in 
ancient  Rome.     2.  in  pi.,  the  festival  of  Minerva. 
*Minespreto;  despised. 

Min6str-a/(It.ministrare);  i.  vege- 
tables, paste,  etc.,  in  a  thick  soup;  —  di 
tartaruga,  thick  turtle  soup ;  —  di  grasso, 
di  magro,  made  with  or  without  meat, 
-  maritata,  made  of  two  ingredients ; 
Far  tutt'  una  — ,  fig.  lo  mix  up  two 
contrary  things.  2.  by  extension,  vic- 
tuals in  general.  3.  fig.  pension,  allow- 
ance. 4.  (hist.)  I  principi  delle  sessanta 
-e,  the  republican  government  of  Lucca 
which  lasted  for  sixty  days.  5.  For  the 


distinction  between  MinestraandZuppa 
v.  Zuppa. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  i.  seller,  2.  great  eater  of 
soup,  -ma  dim.  vezz.,  -mo  dim.  a  small  quantity  of 
soup,  -one  augm.,  z'.  infra  in  loco,  -uccia  dim.  sprfg. 

Minestr6ne  m. ;  i.  a  large  bowl  of 
soup.  2.  — alia  Milanese,  or  absolutely, 
Minestrone,  soup  made  of  rice,  kidney 
beans,  white  cabbage,  bacon-rind,  etc. 
3.  fig.  medley.  *fool. 
tMinga;  =Mica,  not. 

Mingherlfno  (old  Fr.  mingrelin, 
slight,  feeble,  perhaps  a  nasalised  form 
corresponding  to  O.H.G.  »Hi<f<ir,> 
Germ,  mager,  thin,  akin  to  L.  macer) ; 
slim. 

Minia/;;  pop.  for  Mina. 

Miniante;  Trifoglio  — ,  bog-beaji,  T.  Tri- 
foglio  (5). 

Mini-are  (mlt.  ininiare,<.  L. miitiii in, 
red  lead) ;  to  paint  in  miniature.  *-arsi, 
to  rouge  oneself.  Aff.  -atore. 

Miniatur-ayl;  i.  the  art  of  miniature  painting. 
2.  miniature.  3.  price  paid  for  it.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Miniera/.  (v.  Minerale) ;  mine. 

Mfnimay^;  (wits.)  minim. 
Minim-o    or    Menom-o    (I,.);    least.     Aff. 
-amente. 

Mfnio  in.  (L.  minium,  an  Iberian 
word);  i.  red  lead,  also  termed  Rosso 
di  piombo.  2.  rouge  for  painting  the 
face. 

*  Minipossanzay^;  feebleness. 

Minist6r-o  ;//.  (L.  miiiistci'ini>i,< 
minister,  v.  Ministro);  ministry.  Aff. 
-iale. 

Ministr-o  m.  (L.  minister,  a  double 
comparative  form  like  magister,  v. 
Magistero ;  root  min,  to  diminish)  ; 

1.  minister.      2.    manager.      3.    Carta 
— ,  foolscap  paper. 

Ajff.  -are,  -essa  minister's  wife,  -due  augm., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -ume  spreg. 

Mink  ///.;  v.  Visone. 

Minnesingheri  m.  pi.  (O.H.G.  minnc,  love); 
the  German  minnesingers  or  troubadours  of  the  i.:tli 
century. 

Mino  m.;  (orttith.)  myna,  Craculn  mttsicit. 

Minoranzay!;  political  minority. 

Minor-are;  to  lessen.     Aff.  -ativo,  -azidnt.*. 

Minorascato  m. ;  (leg.)  i.  conditions  of  the 
Minorasco.  2.  the  fund  thereto  assigned. 

Minorasco  m.;  trust  in  favour  of  a  younger 
son. 

Minire  (L.,  root  min,  to  lessen);  as  E. 

Minorenne  (L.  miner,  anntts);  underage. 

Minorita/;  as  E. 

Minorit-a  m. ;  friar  of  the  Minor  Franciscan 
Order.  Aff.  -ico. 

Minotto  m. ;  (mar.)  bumkin,  a  projecting  spar 
for  keeping  the  anchor  or  some  part  of  the  rigging 
away  from  the  ship. 

tMindzzo  ;//. ;  a  small  mine. 

Minuale;  of  humble  condition. 

Minuendo  tn.;  (arith.)  the  number  from  whi<Ji 
another  is  to  be  subtracted. 

Minuetto,  pop.  Minue  (L.  minor,  referring  to 
the  short  steps  taken);  minuet. 

Miniigia  /  (L.  minutiae)  ;  (mus.) 
string.  *gut. 

tMinula/?;  v.  Menola(i). 

Miniiscol-O  (L.  minusculus,  dim.  of 
minor);  I.  small,  as  opposed  to  Maius- 
colo,  capital  (letter).  2.  fig.  paltry.  Aff. 
-dtto  dim. 

Miniita  / ;     I .    draft,   rough   copy. 

2.  (leg.)  original  part.     3.    bill  of  fare 
at  a  cafe,   Fr.  menu. 

Minutaglia  f. ;  quantity  of  minute 
things,  minutiae. 


MINUTAME— MISDIRE 


379 


Minutame  m. ;  i.q.  Minutaglia. 

Minut-are  hid.  miniito  (It.  minuto) ; 

1.  to  draw  up,  to  minute.     2.  (agr.)  — 
un  campo,  to  plough  in  narrow  furrows. 
3.  at  the  Vatican  offices,  -ante  is  the 
secretary   in   charge   of   the   drafts   of 
documents.     *-arsi,  to  be  broken. 

Minuterfa/;    i.    i.q.    Minutaglia. 

2.  small  jewellery,  Fr.  bijouterie.  3.  light 
musical  composition,  Fr.  bluette. 

Minutiere  ///.  ;  dealer  or  worker  in 
small  jewellery. 

Minutfna/;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Minuta. 
2.  aromatic  herbs  in  salad. 

Minut-o  (L.,  v.  Minore) ;  i.  very 
small ;  Spese  -e,  petty  disbursements ; 
Bestie  -e,  excludes  cattle  and  horses 
but  includes  pigs,  sheep,  goats,  etc. ; 
Persona  -a,  one  who  goes  into  minute 
particulars ;  A  — ,  retail  (trading) ; 
( iente  -a,  small  people,  unimportant. 
2.  as  s6.,  minute ;  —  secondo,  second ; 
Orologio  che  non  fa  un  — ,  a  watch 
that  goes  well,  or  scherz.  that  does  not 
go  at  all.  3.  (arch.)  the  6oth  part  of 
any  small  measure  of  length. 

*i.    soup,   of  herbs,      ii.  Jig.  =  Cibreo,    medley, 
iii.    —  terzo,  fioth  part  of  a  second. 

Aff.  -amente,  -cllo  dim.,  -<5zza,  -mo  dim. 

Minuz-ia  /  ;  small  detail.  Aff. 
-iosaggine  spreg.  trifling  detail,  -iosita 
spreg.  attention  to  trifling  details,  -ioso 
spreg.,  -zrtglia,  i.q.  Minutaglia,  -zame 
i.q.  Minutame. 

Minuzzol-O  m.  ;  little  bit,  scrap. 
Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Mio,  //.  miei  (L.  meus)^  my,  or  as 
a  predicate,  mine.  The  article  is  not 
used  in  the  latter  case.  Codesto  libro 
e  mio,  that  book  is  mine.  The  article 
is  not  used  with  a  word  of  near  relation- 
ship in  the  singular,  except  childish 
words:  Mio  padre,  Mia  madre.  But: 
II  mio  babbo  c  partito,  La  mia  mamma 
mi  vuol  bene,  my  daddy  is  gone  away, 
my  mammy  loves  me;  II  mio  nonno, 
La  mia  nonna.  If  the  pronoun  follows 
its  noun  it  is  emphatic ;  II  mio  paese, 
my  country ;  II  paese  mio,  the  country 
which  I  come  from.  I  miei,  my  parents  ; 
scherz.  my  means.  Andrei  volontieri  a 
Parigi  ma  i  miei  non  me  lo  permet- 
tono,  I  should  like  to  go  to  Paris  but 
my  governor  says  no,  i.e.  my  purse 
says  no. 

Miocen-e  (Gr.  utior,  less,  «<u><oc,  new);  the 
term  invented  by  Lyell  for  the  middle  part  of  the 
tertiary  geological  period.  AJf.^  -ico. 

Miograf-iay!  (Gr.  ^Ov,  0xuos,  muscle);  descrip- 
tion, or  study,  of  muscles.     Aff.  -ico,  -o. 
*Miolow.;  driiiking.glass. 

Miolog-iay^;  t.y.  Miografia.     Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Miop-e  (Gr.  ntiwtli,<nvu,  to  shut,  7<.  Mistero); 
short-sighted.  Aff.  -fa. 

Miopdtamo  m.  (Gr.  MV«,  MVOS,  mouse,  Trora- 
/ios,  river) ;  South  American  water  rat,  Myopotamiis 
coypits. 

Mios6tide  /  ((Jr.  ^ivo<rwTt?,  </*««,  mouse,  o5f, 
WTO?,  the  ear):  (baf.)  mouse-ear,  forget-me-not,  Myt>- 
sotis  palustris,  also  termed  Talco  celeste,  Non  ti 
scordar  di  me. 

Miosuro  m.  (Gr.  ^iy«,  ovpti,  tail);  (bot.)  mouse- 
tail,  the  genus  Myoturus  of  the  Ranunculaceae. 

Mira/  CIt.  mirare);  I.  aiming-mark 
placed  at  the  end  of  a  gun-barrel  to 
assist  the  aim.  2.  aim.  3.  Jig.  purpose, 


aim.  4.  Karla  sulla  — ,  to  spoil  a  per- 
son's hopes  ;  Metier  la  —  in  fallo,  to  be 
disappointed  in  one's  hopes.  5.  Pigliar 
di  — ,  fig-  to  make  a  target  of,  to 
attack. 

Mirabella  /  (from  the  town  of 
Mirabeau,  L.  Mirabella} ;  the  Mira- 
belle  plum. 

Mirabil-e  (L.);  admirable.  Aff.  -ia,  -ita, 
•  rnente. 

Mirabolano  (Mirobalano)  nt.  (Gr.  juupo/3aAaro?, 
pov,  any  sweet  juice  distilling  from  plants, -f-/3a- 
s,  acorn,  through  L.  myrobalanum,  which  was 
the  fruit  of  a  palm  tree  from  which  a  balsam  was 
made);  myrobalan,  a  dried  astringent  fruit  resem- 
bling a  prune.  Myrobalans  are  produced  by  various 
species  of  Terminate  of  the  East  Indies  and  of 
Spondias  of  South  America;  they  are  now  chiefly 
used  in  tanning  and  dyeing, 
ta  teller  of  exaggerated  stories. 

Miracolaio  m. ;  person  who  believes  in  all 
kinds  of  incredible  things. 

Miracolino  ;//. ;  infant  prodigy. 

Miracol-o  in.  (L.,  onirus,  wonder- 
ful, v.  Mirare);  I.  miracle;  Opera  del 
— ,  a  good  work  produced  by  a  bad 
artist.  2.  Susina  del  — ,  pop.  for  Mira- 
bolano. 3.  Saper  vita,  morte  e  -i  d'uno, 
to  know  all  about  him. 

Aff.  -one  i.  aug»i.,  2.  person  who  makes  trifles 
into  miracles,  -osame_nte,  -oso. 

*  Miradore  m. ;  i.  mirror,     ii.  admirer. 
*Miradura/!;  mode,  or  object,  of  regard. 

Miraggio  m. (Fr.  mirage);  themirage 
of  the  desert,  Fata  morgana  of  the 
Straits  of  Messina,  etc. 

*  Miraglia  ni.\  admiral. 
tMiragliet;  v.  Raiza(A). 

*  Miraglio  in. ;  mirror. 

Mirall^gro  m. ;  congratulation.  Ri- 
ceva  mirallegri  a  iosa  da  tutti,  he  re- 
ceived abundant  congratulations  from 
everybody. 

Mir-are  (L.  miror,  to  wonder  at, 
root  smi,  to  smile,  cp.  Gr.  /i€tfia&>,  to  smile) ; 
i.  to  gaze  at.  2.  to  direct  (e.g.  a  tele- 
scope) at.  3.  intr.  to  aim,  lit.  and  fig. 
4.  to  look.  5.  -arsi  intorno,  or  dattorno, 
to  look  round  either  in  wonder  or  in  sus- 
picion, e.g.  of  being  overheard. 

*  to  admire,    t  Fare  a  tu  mi  miri,  to  look  at  one 
another. 

•Mirasole  m.;  i.  =  Ricino,  castor-oil  plant,    ii.  = 
Girasole,  sunflower. 

Mirat6re  m. ;  i.  v.  Mirare.  2.  good 
shot,  good  marksman. 

Miria  ?tt.;~Miriagramma. 

Miriade  /.  (Gr.  /ivptav);  myriad. 

Miriagramm-a  or  -o  m.  (Gr.) ;  about  22  Ibs. 
tMiriai  tn. ',  unexpected  gain. 

Mirialitro  tn.;  ten  thousand  litres. 

Miriametro  /«.;  ten  thousand  metres. 

Miriapodi  m.  pi.  (Gr.);  (zool.}  as  E. 

Miriarca  in.  (Gr.);  commander  of  10,000. 

Miricay^,  Mirice,  Mirico  m.  (Gr.  fLvptK-rj); 
(bot.)  tamarisk  tree,  Myrica,  a  genus  including  the 
Mirica  della  cera,  Myrica  cerifera,  which  yields  a 
kind  of  wax.  Another  species  of  Mirica,  the  M.  gale, 
Myrica  gale,  is  the  shrub  known  as  sweet-gale, 
or  bog-myrtle. 

Mirifico  (L.  mirijicus)  ;  magnificent. 

Miiino  ///. ;  dim.  Mira,  the  sight  at 
the  end  of  a  gun. 

Miristicay;;  (tot.)  nutmeg  tree,  Myristica 
officinalis. 

Miristicazidne  f.\  (wed.)  nutmeg  liver. 

*  Mirizzanayt;  shade,  coolness. 

Mirmica  /  (Gr.  /ti;p/irj|) ;  the  red 
ant. 

Mirmicoleone  m. ;  the  ant-lion,  MyrmeUon. 

Mirmidon-i  m.  pi.  (Gr.);  myrmidons,  origi- 
nally the  Thessalians  wno  followed  Achilles  to  Troy. 
Aff.  -ico. 


Mirmiltoni  m.  pi.  (L.  mirmiUa);  gladiators 
who  wore  a  Gallic  helmet  ornamented  with  a  fish, 
whence  the  name,  jwop/xupos  being  a  species  of  fish 
found  in  the  Euxine. 

*Miro(L.  mirus)',  wondrous. 

Mirobalano  m.;=  Mirabolano. 

Mirol-ato,  -ito  t/r.;  medicated  volatile  oil. 
tMir611a/.;  =  Midolla,  crumb  of  bread. 
tMir611o  ///.;=  Midollo,  marrow. 

Mirra  f.  (L.,  <Gr.,  <  Arabic  miirr,  bitter); 
myrrh,  the  resin  exuded  by  the  BalsamodendfOn 
myrrha  of  Arabia  and  Abyssinia. 

*Mirrare;i.  to  impregnate  with  myrrh,  ii.  fig. 
to  render  incorruptible,  immortalise. 

Mil-ride /;  (tot.)  wild  chervil,  Myrrhh.  The 
Myrrhis  odorata  of  the  Alps  is  an  important  in- 
gredient in  the  liqueur  Grande  Chartreuse. 

Mirrinay^;  an  extractive  from  myrrh. 

Mirrino  in.  (L.  jirurrinits)',  murrhine,  a  mate- 
rial from  which  valuable  vases  were  made  by  the 
Romans. 

Mirro  m. ;  an  oil  measure  used  at  Venice  and 
Ancona  of  about  25  Ibs. 

Mirrdlo  tn.;  the  volatile  oil  of  myrrh. 

Mirteo;  i.  of  myrtle.  2.  of  a  horse,  dark 
bay. 

Mirteto  m. ;  myrtle  grove. 

Mirtifbrme;  resembling  myrtle. 

Mirtillo  m. ;  (tot.)  i.  bilberry,  Vac- 
liiiiinn  myrtillus.  2.  the  berry  of  the 
myrtle. 

*Mirtino;i.  made  of  myrtle,   ii.  myrtle-coloured. 

*  Misagiato;=Disagiato.  needy. 

•Misalta  f.\  i.  half-salted  pork.  ii.  plump 
woman,  iii.  Uscita  di  — ,  past  her  prime. 

Misintrop-o  m.  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -ia,  -ica- 
mente,  -ico. 

*  Misa  vvedutamente ;  i.  unexpectedly,  ii.  with- 
out  design. 

*  Misavvenimento ///. ;  misfortune. 

*  Miscadere ;  to  turn  out  ill. 

Misce  111. ;  mixture. 

Misc^ay^ ;  a  mere  nothing,  trash. 

Miscela  /  ;  i.  trashy  mixture. 
2.  (chem.)  -  -  detonante,  mixture  of 
oxygen  and  hydrogen  gases  in  the 
proportion  of  I  to  2,  which  will  be 
explosive. 

Miscella/7;  (leg-.)  ancient  Roman  law  releasing 
a  widow  under  certain  conditions  from  an  obligation 
imposed  by  her  husband's  will  not  to  re-marry. 

Miscellanea  f. ;  i.  volume  of  miscellanies. 
2.  poem  in  various  metres. 

Miscellanei  m.pt.;  miscellaneous  writings. 

Miscellaneo  (L.,</«/icco,  to  mix);  as  E. 

Mischia/;  i.  scuffle.  2.  in  war, 
hand-to-hand  fight. 

*i.  dispute,     ii.  crowd,     iii.  mixture. 

Mischi-are  ind.  mi'schio  mischi  (mlt. 
misculare,  from  L.  miscere) ;  to  mix. 
Aff.  -amento,  -anza,  -atamdnte  con- 
fusedly. 

*Mischino;   i.  =  Meschino,  paltry,     ii.    Re  — 
wren. 

MfscM-o;  i.  sync,  for  -ato.  2.  as 
sb.,  variegated  marble.  3.  mixture. 

*i.  mixture,  ii.  Metier  a  — ,  to  confuse  good 
and  bad. 

*  Miscianza  /.;  mixture. 
*Misciolfo  tn. ;  —  Halordo,  stupid,  heavy. 

Misco  m.  (Gr.  (it'o^o?,  husk);  grain  adherent 
to  the  leaf. 

Miscon<5scere ;  to  refuse  recognition. 

Miscreddnza  /. ;  disbelief  in  re- 
ligion. *of  troops,  doubtful  temper, 
uncertain  loyalty. 

Miser6dere;  to  disbelieve  religious 
truth. 

Miscuglio  m. ;  i.  sorry  mixture. 
2.  (phys.  and  chem.)  Metodo  di  mi- 
scugli,  method  of  mixtures,  for  deter- 
mining the  "specific  heat"  of  a  body. 

tMiscurare;  to  mix. 

•Misdire;  i.  to  speak  evil  of.     ii.  to  contradict. 

48-2 


38o 


MISELLO— MOCAIARDO 


Misello ;  dim.  scherz.  of  Misero. 
*i.  leprous,  ii.  ill. 

Misenterico;  with  pain  in  the  bowels. 
Miserabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -mente. 

Miserabilitk  f. ;  Fede  di  — ,  cer- 
tificate of  destitution.  Benefizio  di  • — , 
right  of  a  person  to  assistance  because 
destitute. 

Miserere  (L.  word);  I.  the  fifty- 
second  psalm,  of  which  —  is  the  first 
word.  2.  a  setting  of  this  psalm  to 
music.  3.  Ridotto  al  — ,  at  the  last 
extremity.  4.  Faccia  da  — ,  i.e.  very 
thin.  5.  fig.  tiresome  person.  6.  Male 
del  — ,  complete  obstruction  of  the 
bowels  ;  Jig.  Far  venire  il  male  del  — , 
to  be  a  terrible  bore.  7.  Can  tare  il  — 
addosso  a  uno,  to  beat  him. 

Miser£vol-e;  miserable.  Aff.-menle. 

Mis&ri-a/;  I.  misery.  2.  scarcity; 
A  — ,  stingily;  Non  vuol  -e,  he  does 
not  stint  himself  at  all.  3.  quasi-fig.  a 
wretched  business.  4.  in  pi.,  defects, 
mental  or  bodily  ;  Ti  confessed  tutte 
le  mie  -e,  I  will  tell  you  all  my  little 
failings.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Miseric6rde;  merciful. 

Misericdrdi-a/".;  pity.  Compagnia  della  — , 
or  La  — ,  an  association  for  giving  assistance  in  cases 
of  accident  or  illness. 

Aff.  -nio  spreg.,  -ante  member  of  the  -a,  -osa- 
me'nte,  -6so. 

Miser- ino;  i.  dim.  of-o.  2.  rather 
short. 

Miseri-bla  / ;  dim.  of  -a. 

Miseri-6na  / ;  i.  augm.  of  -a. 
2.  v.  -one. 

Miserione  m. ;  person  who  deserves 
his  misery,  or  one  who  is  always  refer- 
ring to  it. 

Miseri-uccia_/.;  dim.  of -a. 

Miser-o  (L.);  i.  miserable.  2.  of 
clothes,  short. 

Aff.  -accio  pfgg.,  -amente,  -ando  pitiable,  -ello 
•etto  dims.,  -one  augm. 
*  Misfare ;  to  do  wrong. 

Misfatto  m. ;  misdeed. 

Misi;/*?/  Mettere. 

*Misi  m.  (L.  misy,  Gr.  fii'crv);  sulphate  of  some 
metal,  probably  copper. 

Misio  ;  of  Mysia  in  Asia  Minor. 

Misirizzi  (Missirizzi)  m.  (for  **mis- 
silizio,  <  L.  missilis,  <  mittere) ;  a  kind 
of  toy  tumbler  made  of  some  light 
material,  with  a  weight  at  one  end  con- 
trived to  make  the  figure  stand  upright 
when  thrown  down. 

•Misleay;  (old  Fr.  mesUe,>Fi.  miUe,<\>\l. 
tnisculata,  v.  Mischiare);  melee. 

Misleale  ;=Sleale,  disloyal. 

Misnia/.;  (geogr .)  Meissen,  in  Saxony. 

M  iso ;  (/<*•;.)  fart.  Mettere. 

Misogall-o  (Gr.  ;uicrei»,  to  hate,  +  L.  Callus); 
the  title  of  a  bitter  work  of  Alfieri  against  the  French. 


*  Misprendere ;  i.  to  mistake,     ii.  to  commit  a 
crime,     iii.  to  despise,     iv.  to  deceive,     v.  to  fail  in 
duty. 

*Mispresayi,  *  Misprise  iu.\  mistake. 

*  Missilia./  //.;  money  thrown  to  the  populace 
at  coronations,  etc. 

Missionario  ;«. ;  as  E. 

Missidne/  (L.,<i/iitto,  v.  Mettere) ; 
i.  mission;  Padri  della  — ,  the  Order 
of  St  Vincent  de  Paul,  usu,  Lazzariti. 


2.  (inif.)  discharge  from  service.  3. 
(wed.)  —  del  sangue,  =  Emissione,  or 
Cavata  di  sangue,  bleeding. 

*  Missirizzi;  v.  Misirizzi. 

Missive  ;  of  a  letter,  original,  as 
opposed  to  one  written  in  reply. 

Mista  m.  (Gr.  nvtmfi);  initiated  person. 

Mist  amente;  promiscuously.  Scuola 
tenuta  — ,  for  boys  and  girls. 

Misteri6s-o;  mysterious.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Mistero  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  nverTTJpiop,  <  ^vw,  to 
close  the  lips,  root  mu,  itnit.  to  speak  with  closed 
lips);  mystery.  *i.  =  Mestiere.  ii.  =  Ministero. 

*  Misteruola  y^;=Mesciroba,  chalice. 

Mistia  f. ;  pop.  for  Mischia,  scuffle. 
Mistianza  f. ;  pop.  for  Mescolanza, 
mixture. 

Mistica  /.;  mystic  theology. 
*Misticare(/r^.<L.  miscef);  tojumbleup. 
Misticheriayl;  spreg.  too  much  mysticism. 
Mistic-o(L.,<Gr.  ttvorucot,  v.  Mistero);  I.  as 
E.     2.  (mar.)  nondescript  craft.     Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita. 
M  istific -are  ind.  mistifico ;  as  E.    Aff.  -azione. 

Mistillne-O ;  Finestra  -a,  window 
composed  of  various  straight  and 
curved  lines. 

•Mistio;  i.  =  Mischiato.     ii.  as  sb.,  mixture. 

Mistidne  f.  ;=  Mescolanza,  mixture. 

Mist-o  (L.  j/tixtus,  v.  Mescere) ; 
i.  mixed  ;  Nave  -a,  ship  to  go  by  steam 
or  sails.  2.  as  sb.,  mixture.  3.  (inin.) 
=  Mischio,  variegated  marble.  4.  in 
monasteries,  light  refreshment  of  wine 
and  bread. 

Mistura  f.  (L.  mixturd) ;  mixture. 

Misiir-a/  (L.  mensitra,  from  metior, 
to  measure) ;  i.  measure,  in  all  senses 
as  in  E. ;  Tornare  a,  or  alia  — ,  of 
clothes,  to  fit.  2.  in  fencing,  the  dis- 
tance between  the  combatants  when 
both  are  on  guard. 

Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -are,  -atamente,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atura,  -azione,  -etta  dim. 

Misiira-pibggia  m. ;  =  Ombrometro, 
rain-gauge. 

Misurino  m.;  dim.  Misura,  i.  very 
small  measure,  esp.  for  samples.  2.  the 
little  division  in  a  powder-flask  for 
measuring  the  gunpowder  for  one 
charge.  3.  fig.  very  small  person. 

•Misvenire;  i.  to  faint,  ii.  to  fail.  iii.  to 
have  a  misfortune  occur. 

Mit-e  (L.);  mild,  gentle.    Aff.  -emente,  -e"zza. 

*  Miteneyl  (i>rob.  of  Germanic  origin,  root  nrit, 
to  cut,  v.  Mitraglia);  mitten. 

Mitera  f.  (var.  of  Mitra) ;  the  fool's 
cap  that  was  placed  on  the  head  of  a 
person  condemned  to  the  pillory  or  to 
being  tied  on  an  ass  and  led  round  in 
scorn. 

*  i.  Lasciarsi  metter  una  —  in  capo,  to  be  induced 
to  do  an  undignified  act.     ii.   ornament  for  keeping 
up  a  woman's  hair.     iii.  =  Mitra.     iv.  fig.  as  a  term 
of  abuse,  subject  for  the  pillory. 

*  Miterino ;  fit  for  the  pillory. 

Mitic-o  (L.,  <Gr.  pudot,  root  jnu,  T.  Mistero); 
mythical.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Miticoldso;  pop.  for  Meticoloso,  petty. 

Mitidio  (Metidio)  m.  (apparently  a 
jocosely  coined  word  <  Gr.  pirns,  /irj- 
TiSoj) ;  gumption. 

Mitig-are  ind.  mitigo  mitighi  (L.,<mttis, 
kind);  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azione. 

Mitilene;   Mytilene,  the  capital  of  Lesbos. 

Mitilo  tit.  (L.  initulus)\  sea-mussel,  Mytilus 
edltlis,  also  termed  Muscolo,  Pidocchio  inarino,  Cozza. 


Mitinghe  m. ;  (from  English)  meet- 
ing. 

Mitistbria  /  ;  fabulous  story. 

Mit-o  m.  (Gr.,  v.  Mitico) ;  myth. 
Aff.  -ografo,  -ogrffico. 

Mitolog-ia  f. ;  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico, 
-ista,  -o. 

Mitostorico;  combined  myth  and  history. 

Mitra,  pop.   Mitria  /  (L.,  =  Gr.  (»i'ipa,  band, 
perhaps  akin  to  ^U'TOS,  a  thread  of  the  woof);  i.  mitre. 
2.  mitred  priest.     3.  a  genus  of  shell  molluscs. 
*i.  woman's  coif.     ii.  turban,     iii.  =  Mitera. 

Mitragli-a,  pop.  Metraglia,  /.  (Fr. 
mi/>-aille,<o\&  Fr.  »iitaiUe,<mite,sma.\\ 
coin,  the  A.S.  mite,  cp.  Goth,  mai/an,  to 
cut) ;  grape-shot. 

Aff.  -are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -era  machine-gun. 
Mitr-ia/;  i'.  Mitra.     Aff.  -iare,  to  crown. 

Mitridate  m. ;  i.  Mithridates,  the 
king  of  Pontus,  noted  for  his  knowledge 
of  languages.  2.  title  of  certain  lin- 
guistic writings,  esp.  those  of  the  Ger- 
man philologist  Adelung,  published  in 
the  early  part  of  the  igth  century. 

Mitrid-ato,  -atico  in. ;  antidote 
against  poisons,  from  the  legend  of 
Mithridates  having  rendered  himself 
proof  against  poison. 

Mittente  m.;  sender,  v.  Mettere,  sub  init. 

*  Mitule  tn.\  pole  of  a  haystack,  v.  Meta,  etyni. 
*Miuolo  m.\  drinking-glass. 

*  Miva  f.\  (med.)  draught  of  quince  juice  and 
honey. 

*Mivplom.;  i.q.  Miuolo,  drinking-glass. 

tMizio  m.'t  dim.  Domizio.  Non  c'  e  — ,  there 
is  no  danger. 

Mnem6nic-a  f.  (Gr.);  mnemonics.  Aff.  -o 
adj. 

Mo' ;  (A)  for  Modo,  mode.  A  mo'  e 
a  via,  =  Come  va,  properly,  efficaciously. 

(B) ;  for  Mostra,  esp.  in  the  phrase 
Fare  a  mo'  e  to',  to  make  a  purchase 
for  cash.  Si,  te  la  vendo  la  tal  cosa, 
ma,  badiamo,  mo'  e  to',  yes,  I  will  sell 
it  you,  but  mind  you  must  pay  for  it 
now. 

*(C);  for  L.  modo.  i.  now  ;  Da  mo'  in  un  mese, 
in  a  month's  time  from  now.  ii.  just  now,  a  moment 
ago;  Quegli  spirit!  che  mo'  t'  appariro,  those  spirits 
which  appeared  to  thee  just  now,  D.  Par.  4.  32. 

Moarl  m.  (Fr.  moire') ;  watered  silk. 

*Moatra/I  (Span,  mohatra);  (leg.)  a  usurious 
agreement  in  which  a  person  buys  at  a  high  price  to 
be  paid  in  instalments  something  which  he  sells  at  a 
low  price  for  ready  money. 

M6bil-e  ( L.,  for  **  mm>ibilis,  <  moveo, 
v.  Movere) ;  i.  movable;  Ricchezza — , 
personal  property  ;  Guardia  — ,  civic 
militia,  liable  at  need  for  military  ser- 
vice abroad.  2.  mobile,  apt  to  move. 
3.  Jig.  capricious.  4.  as  sb.,  piece  of 
furniture,  in  pi.,  furniture.  Aff.  -dtto 
dim. 

Mobiliare;  i.  personal  (property). 
2.  as  •vb.,  to  furnish. 

Mobil-fno  »i.;  dint.  vezz.  of -e  (4). 
Mobilita/;  asE. 

Mobilit-are  ind.  mobilito ;  I.  to 
mobilize  (troops).  2.  to  facilitate  the 
transfer  of  property.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Mobil-mente ;  adv.  of-e. 
Mobil-6ne  in.:  augm.  of  -e  (4).    Aff.  -viccio 
dim.  spreg. 

*Mobol-e  m. ;  available  resources.  Aff.  -ato, 
rich. 

M6ca  m.\  coffee,  from  the  name  Mocha,  the 
district  of  Arabia  where  the  best  coffee  is  grown. 

*  Mocaiardo  (Mocaiarro,  Mucaiardo)  ;/:.  (Arabic 
mokhayyar) ;  hair-cloth. 


MOCAIONE— MOGOL 


381 


Mocaidne  m. ;  (hot.)  everlasting  pea,  v.  Pisello 

(-,/). 

M6cca/  ;  i.  pop.  money.  2.  (mar.) 
=  Fr.  moque,  "  heart,"  v.  Bigotta  (2). 

*  Moccadore(Moccaiolo,  Moccatoio)  in. ;  pocket- 
handkerchief. 

Moccare  ind.  mocco  (L.  mucus,  i>. 
Skeat,  sub  Mock);  pop.  i.  to  earn  (a 
trifling  sum).  2.  Non  me  lo  mocchi, 
you  will  not  get  it  out  of  me.  *to  blow 
the  nose. 

*Mocceca;  i.  ;//.=  Moccicone,  worthless  fellow. 
2.  f.  cowardice. 

t  Mocchey? //. ;  grimaces,  v.  Moccare. 

Mocchetto  m. ;  moquette,  a  kind  of  woollen 
cloth,  esp.  for  foot-mats. 

Moccicaglia,  Moccicaia  /. ;  slime 
of  a  snail,  mucus  from  the  nose. 

Moccicare  (freg.  from  It.  moccio) ; 
i.  of  the  nose,  to  be  running.  2.  of 
babies  or  silly  women,  to  cry  and  snivel. 

Moccichino  (Mucichino)  m.  ;  I. 
scherz.  handkerchief,  wipe.  2.  crying 
baby. 

Moccic6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  i.q.  Moc- 
cion-e,  -a. 

Moccicoso;  slimy. 

M6ccio  m,  (bit.  **mucceus,  <  L. 
mucus,  slime,  root  meuq,  to  run  slime, 
cp.  Gr.  pv£a,  mucus,  /J.VKTIS,  snuff  of  a 
wick,  L.  mungo,  to  wipe,  Gr.  a7ro/iiWa>, 
to  wipe  away) ;  i.  mucus  from  the  nose, 
slime  of  snails,  etc.  2.  (vet.)  a  disease 
of  cattle  with  nasal  discharge. 

Mocci6n-e  »/.,  -a/;  i.  child  with 
a  dirty  nose.  2.  the  term  is  used  con- 
temptuously to  a  child  making  him  or 
herself  objectionable,  like  the  Fr.  mor- 
veux. 

Moccidso;  i.  i.q.  Moccicoso.  2.  (vet.) 
v.  Moccio  (2). 

Moccplaia  /  ;  candle-snuff,  the  end 
of  the  wick  when  not  properly  burned 
away. 

Moccolett-o    m.    (dim.    Moccolo) ; 

1.  Festa  dei  -i,  when  the   population 
bear    lighted    tapers    about    a    town. 

2.  mild  oath. 

Moccollno     m.     (dim.     Moccolo)  ; 

1.  small  taper.     2.   Finire  come  un  — , 
to  die  slowly;  Ridursi  al  — ,  to  become 
excessively  thin.     3.  euph.  for  curse. 

M6ccolo  m.  (bit.  **muculus,  dim. 
of  L.  mucus,  v.  Moccio) ;  i.  wax  taper. 

2.  candle-end.    3.  euph.  for  oath,  curse  ; 
Attaccare  un  — ,  to  swear.     4.  excessive 
quantity  of  mucus  from  the  nose.    5.  tip 
of  the  nose  in  horses. 

*  i.  tip  of  the  nose.    ii.  candle-wick. 

Moccol6n-e  m.,  -a  f. ;  person  with 
a  dirty  nose. 
t  Mocc6sa  f. ;  a  species  of  skate,  v. 

Kaiza  (A,  4). 

Mbco  m. ;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  bitter  vetch, 
v.  Veggiola ;  (b)  in  //.,  Mochi,  flat- 
podded  vetchling,  Lathyrus  cicera. 
2.  the  rock  cavy  of  Brazil,  an  animal 
like  a  large  guinea-pig,  Cavia  rupes- 
tris. 

*i.  fig.  a  mere  nothing,  ii.  Aver  gli  occhi  a' 
mochi,  to  take  care  not  to  get  into  trouble. 


M6csayC ;  (surg.)  inoxa  for  cauterising,  v.  Moxa. 
Mod-a  J.   (Fr.    mode);    fashion.     Aff.    -accia 

Par- 

Mod-anatura,  -inatura  /  ;  (arch.) 
i.  moulding.  2.  style  of  moulding. 

Modano  (Modeno)  m.  (var.  of  Mo- 
dulo); i.  a  measure,  model,  mould,  or 
in  architecture  module,  for  guiding 
workmen  employed  to  execute  a  design 
of  any  kind.  2.  a  kind  of  lady's  crochet 
work,  made  with  round  holes  and  square 
holes.  3.  netting.  4.  crochet-needle 
or  netting-needle. 

*  scale  of  brightness  of  stars. 

Modcll-o  m.  (L.  modulus);  model.  Aff.  -a 
artist's  model,  -abile,  -amento,  -are,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-atura,  -azione,  -etto  dim.,  -mo  dim.  vezz. 

Modenese ;  Pozzo  — ,  i.q.  Pozzo  artesiano, 
Artesian  well. 

*  Modeno  m.\  v.  Modano. 

M  oder-are  ind.  modero  (L.  moderari,<.mo- 
dusY,  to  moderate.  Aff.  -abile,  -atamente,  -atezza, 
-ativo,  -ato,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atume  spreg.,  .azidne. 

Modern-o  (L.,  <  itiodo,  now);  as  E.  Aff. 
•ame'nte,  -ita,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Modest-o  (L.,  <  mod-US,  lit.  keeping  within 
bounds);  as  E.  Aff.  -amente,  modestia,  -ino  dint, 

Modic-o  (L.,  <  ntodns);  moderate.  Aff. 
-amento,  -ita. 

Modific-are  ind.  modifico  (^.,<.modus,facio)', 
as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -ativo,  -afore,  -atrice, 
-azione. 

Modigli6n-e  m.  (bit.  **mutilionem, 
<  L.  mutilus,  v.  Mutolo,  B) ;  (arch.) 

1.  modillion,  the  enriched  block  under 
the  cornice  of  a  column.     2.    bracket. 
3.   pilaster.     Aff.  -cmo  dim. 

Modin-are  ind.  modino  ;  to  execute 
from  the  model.  Aff.  -atura. 

Mbdine  in. ;  (arch.)  i.  i.q.  Modano, 
model,  measure.  2.  any  tool  used  in 
working  to  a  model. 

Modino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  Modo. 
A  — ,  gently,  quietly. 

*Modio  m. ;  a  Roman  measure  equal  to  about 
8J  litres. 

Modist-a/  ;  dressmaker.  Aff.  -fna 
dim.  vezz. 

M6d-o  m.  (L.,  root  med,  to  contrive, 
cp.  Gr.  pftSopm,  to  provide  for,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Mete);  i.  mode,  method,  means. 

2.  (gram.)  mood.     3.  (mus.)  (major  or 
minor)  key.     4.   A  —  e  a  verso,  care- 
fully, well.     5.  A  — ,  or  Ammodo,  (a)  as 
adjunct  to  a   person,  capable,  expert ; 
(6)  •=  Piano,  slowly,   cautiously  ;    A  - 
bambini,   c'   e   da    cascare !    carefully, 
children,  you  might  fall !    (c)  £  un  ra- 
gazzo  che  non  vuol  fare  a  —  dei  geni- 
tori,  he  is  a  boy  who  will  not  do  as 
his  parents  wish  ;  (d)  (emphatic)  yes  ! 

6.  A,   or  In   ogni   — ,   at   all    events. 

7.  Di,  or  Per  —  che,  so  that.     8.  Fuor 
di,  Oltre,  or  Sopra  — ,  extraordinarily. 
9.   In  qualunque  — ,  or  In  tutti  i  -i,  in 
any   event,  however  things   may   turn 
out.     10.  In  che  — ,  for  Perche,  why  ? 

•i.  moderation,  ii.  remedy  for  some  awkward 
condition,  iii.  Con  molti  patti  e  -i,  in  a  determinate 
way.  iv.  poetry,  song. 

Mbdula/  ;  form,  model  draft,  skele- 
ton form. 

Modul-are  ind.  modulo;   as   E.     Aff.   -abile, 
-atame'nte,  -atore,  -atrice,  .azione. 
Modulino  m.;  dim.  Modula. 

Modulo  m.  (L.  modulus) ;  \.  i.q. 
Modula.  2.  in  hydraulics,  the  unit 
recently  adopted.  3.  (arch.)  =  Modano. 


4.  in  algebra,  modulus.  5.  diameter  of 
a  coin  or  medal  when  used  as  a  means 
of  expressing  its  magnitude. 

*  Moedo  tn.  (Hortug.  moeda  d^ouro,  =  'L.  montta. 
de  aitro);  moidore,  a  Portuguese  gold  coin  worth 
about  27  shillings. 

Mofcrre,  Amoferre,  Amuerro  m. 
(cogn.  Fr.  moire,  E.  mohair,  <  Arabic 
mukhayyar,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mohair)  ; 
mohair,  i.e.  either  the  long  silky  hair 
or  wool  of  the  Angora  goat,  or  a  fabric 
made  therefrom  or  in  imitation  of  it. 

Mof6t-a/  (var.  of  Mefite);  place  of 
mephitic  exhalations.  Aff.  -ico. 

Moffetta  f. ;  skunk,  Mephitis  me- 
philica. 

Mogano  m. ;  (dot.)  i.  i.q.  Magogano, 
mahogany.  2.  —  della  Nuova  Olanda, 
brown  gum-tree,  Eucalyptus  robusta. 

Mogarino  in.  ;=  Mugherino,  a  kind  of  jasmine. 

Moggiata  f. ;  as  much  ground  as 
would  require  a  Moggio  of  seed. 

Mbggio  m.,pl.  moggi  m.,  or  mbgg-ia 
or  -e  f.  (L.  modius);  i.  a  measure  of 
capacity  varying  in  different  localities 
but  generally  equal  to  eight  Staia  or 
bushels.  2.  i.q.  Moggiata. 

Mbgio  ;  i.  dull,  half  asleep,  un- 
willing ;  Rispose  -  -  che  non  aveva 
danari,  he  answered  with  a  depressed 
air  that  he  had  no  money.  2.  -  — , 
quiet;  Prov.  Cane  —  e  cavallo  desto, 
a  steady  dog  and  a  spirited  horse  (are 
the  right  thing). 

Etytn.  unknown.  Korting  touches  upon  it  in 
two  different  articles,  as  follows.  Art.  6390  " Mitr- 
re«st<murrat  myrrh  tree,  seems  to  be  the  source  of 
It.  mogio,  dispirited;  Span,  murrio,  stupid  in  the 
head,>w«rr/Vi,  heaviness  in  the  head.  As  regards 
the  transition  in  meaning  it  is  to  be  observed  that 
•vinum  inurratum  means  wine  of  a  bitter  flavour 
doctored  with  myrrh,  so  that  titurreus  could  readily 
pass  into  the  sense  of  '  drunk  upon  wine  treated  with 
myrrh,  stupid,  heavy  in  the  head.'  Diez  does  not 
suggest  any  origin  for  murrio."  Art.  6408  "  musimo 
-onetn  (juouff/zwc),  a  Sardinian  animal,  presumably 
the  moufflon  (Pliny  8.  199),  though  the  word  seems 
also  to  have  meant  an  entire  ass ;  this,  according  to 
Caix.  is  the  original  of  It.  miccio,  ass,  Lombard 
mussa,  Friuli  dial.  muss.  This  however  is  a  very 
unlikely  theory;  these  words,  together  with  many 
Italian  adjectives,  mostly  dialectical,  such  as  It. 
mogio,  ttiuso,  Neapolitan  muscio,  viatteo,  Ferrarese 
moss  etc.,  form  a  large  group,  going  back  to  L. 
musteus,  new,  of  the  character  of  unfermented 
grape  juice,  viscid,  cp.  Schuchardt,  Roman.  Etym. 
I.  p.  60."  None  of  all  this,  however,  seems  very 
convincing. 

*  Mogn-aio;  uxorious.  *-ama  ;  my  wife.  *-ar- 
dino;  =  -aio.  *-ata;  thy  wife,  *-azzo  tn.;  wed- 
ding. 

Moglie  /,  pi.  mogli  or  pop.  moglie 
(L.  mulier,  woman,  whether  married  or 
single,  perhaps  a  comparative  form 
from  the  root  of  mollis,  soft) ;  wife. 
When  preceded  by  a  possessive  pro- 
noun the  use  of  the  definite  article  is 
optional ;  Sua  — ,  or  La  sua  — .  Da 
— ,  of  marriageable  age.  Andare  a  — , 
spreg.  to  marry  a  rich  wife  and  live  in 
her  house. 

*Mogliera^;  i.  wife.     ii.  woman. 
*Moglieta;  thy  wife. 
Mogli-etta,  -na  f.;  dims,  of -e. 

Mogbgano,  Mogbgon  m. ;  i.q.  Mago- 
gano, mahogany. 

M6gol,  Mog61,  or  /<>/.  Mogdlle  m. ;  the 
Mogul,  Emperor  of  Hindustan  in  the  171)1  century. 
Aff.  -ico. 


382 


MOIA— MOLTO 


Mbia  f.  (L.  muria,  brine) ;  usu.  in 
pi.,  salt-springs. 

*  MoianayC:  small  cannon,  saker. 

Moiatore  m. ;  worker  at  the  salt- 
springs. 

Moina  f. ;  usu.  in  pi.,  blandish- 
ments, coaxing  ways,  simpering,  cajo- 
lery, blarney. 

Etym.  /V0£.<Burgundian  Fr.  moigne,  cp.  the 
form  given  by  Florio,  Mognine,  with  the  same  mean- 
ing as  Moine  ;  the  corresponding  Fr.  word  is  mine, 
thought  to  be  of  Celtic  origin,  viz.  <  Breton  min, 
muzzle,  beak,  also  used  of  men,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mien. 

M61a  /  (A)  (L.  mola,  akin  to  Gr. 
pv\ij,  L.  molere,  to  grind) ;  i.  mill-stone ; 
obsolete  in  this  sense  except  in  the 
prov.  Chi  fugge  la  —  scansa  la  farina, 
i.e.  he  who  avoids  evil  escapes  its  con- 
sequences. 2.  —  da  arruotare,  grind- 
stone. 3.  a  kind  of  revolving  wheel 
for  cutting  glass.  4.  sun-fish,  Ortha- 
goriscws  mola,  locally  termed  Pesce 
luna,  Pesce  rioda,  Pisci  tamburino, 
Tamburru  imperiali. 

(B)  (L.  mola,  prob.  not  the  same 
word  as  L.  mola,  mill-stone,  but  akin 
to  Gr.  ti/tjSXvr,  blunt,  L.  m&lus,  bad, 
Gr.  /wXeos,  fruitless)  ;  (surg.)  mole, 
abortive  growth,  shapeless  mass  formed 
in  the  uterus. 

*i.  jaw.  ii.  grindstone,  iii.  the  wheel  of  blessed 
spirits  in  Dante's  Paradiso. 

Molare  ;    i.    Pietra   — ,  mill-stone. 

2.  (ana/.)  molar  (tooth).    3.  v.  Mola  (B). 

Molassa,  Molera  /!;  a  kind  of  sandstone. 
tMolcello  «/.;  =  Bica,  stack. 

M61-cere  (Molcire)  (L.  mulcere);  to 
soothe ;  a  defective  vb.,  pres.  -ci  -ce, 
imperf.  -ceVa,  subj.  -ce'sse,  part,  -cendo. 

Mole  /  (L.  moles,  heap,  of  doubtful 
origin,  v.  Walde,  sub  Moles,  and  Skeat, 
sub  Mole,  breakwater)  ;  i.  massive 
building,  pile.  2.  (Rom.  hist.)  large 
round  tower  on  a  square  base,  built  as 
a  mausoleum,  such  as  the  Mole  Adriana, 
now  the  castle  of  St  Angelo,  at  Rome. 

3.  large  mass  of  any  kind,  ///.  or  fig. 
Lavoro  di  gran  — ,  very  heavy  job. 

Molecol-ay;  (a  dim.  coined  out  of  L.  moles, 
v.  Mole);  molecule.  Aff.  -are  adj.,  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

Motenda  (Mulenda)  /  (L.  molenda, 
gerund  of  molere,  to  grind,  v.  Mola,  A) ; 
miller's  charges  for  grinding  corn,  paid 
in  kind. 

*  Molendare ;   i.    to  take  a  part  of  the  corn  as 
payment  for  its  grinding,     ii.   to  take  toll  in  kind  of 
anything,     iii.  to  grind  corn. 

Molera/;  TA  Molassa. 

Mol&st-o  (L.,  <  moles,  v.  Mole) ; 
troublesome.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -amdnto, 
-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -ia. 

tMoletta_/I;  i.  grey  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (3). 
ii.  =  Molla,  fire-tongs. 

tMolgere  (L.  mulgtre,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Milk);  to 
milk. 

Mdli  ;«.  (Gr.  fjuAu) ;  i.  the  moly  of  the 
Odyssey.  2.  (bot.)  a  species  of  scentless  garlic, 
A  Ilium  moly. 

Molidd-ato  m. ;  molybdic  salt,  -enite  f. ; 
native  sulphide  of  molybdenum,  a  rare  metal  be- 
longing  to  the  chromium  group,  -eno  m. ;  the 
metal.  -ico  ;  molybdic.  (L.  molybdaeiia,  sul- 
phide of  lead,  <  Gr.  jioAv^Sos,  lead.) 

*  Molin-aio,  -arc-  m. ;  =  Mugnaio,  miller. 

Molinare  ind.  molino;  i.  (in  weav- 
ing) of  the  comb,  to  turn  rapidly.  2.  as 
sb.  f.,  striped  cloth. 


Molinello  ///. ;  r>.  Mtilinello. 

Molin-ista  m. ;  follower  of  the 
Spaniard  Molinos,  i6th  century,  who 
taught  the  doctrine  known  as  Quietism, 
to  the  effect  that  religion  consists  in 
contemplative  submission  to  the  Divine 
will.  Aff.  -ismo. 

Molino  m.\  v.  Mulino. 

M611-a  /  (vbsb.  of  Mollare,  <  L. 
mollis,  v.  Molle.  Mollare  now  only 
means  "to  let  go,"  but  in  the  compound 
Ammollare  it  formerly  had  the  sense  of 
"  softening,"  so  that  the  lit.  meaning  of 
Molla  is  "that  which  yields") ;  I.  elastic 
spring.  2.  in  pi.,  tongs.  3.  fig.  spring 
of  action.  4.  large  spring  catch  for 
snapping  on  to  the  handle  of  a  bucket 
to  be  lowered  into  a  well.  5.  Fare 
una  cosa  a  scatto  di  — ,  to  do  it  like 
snapping  a  spring,  i.e.  with  the  utmost 
precision.  6.  Piu  bugiardo  delle  -e,  a 
greater  liar  than  the  tongs,  the  tongs 
being  always  quite  dry  but  going  by 
the  name  of  Molle,  which  means  wet. 
7.  Cosa  da  pigliar  colle  -e,  i.e.  very 
conspicuous. 

*MollaiayC;  marsh. 

Mollare  ind.  mollo  (L.  mollis,  v. 
Molle) ;  (mar.)  to  slacken.  Molla  in 
bando  !  Let  go  ! 

M611-e  (L.  mollis,  soft,  root  mel,  to 
soften,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Melt,  Mild) ;  i.  wet, 
soaked  ;  Fare  a  cencio  — ,  //'/.  to  do  the 
wet  rag,  a  child's  game,  consisting  in 
requiring  him  to  kiss  a  wet  rag  as  a 
forfeit  if  you  can  make  him  laugh  ; 
Prov.  Tutt'  una  zuppa  e  un  pan  — , 
corresponding  to  E.  Six  of  one  and 
half  a  dozen  of  the  other.  2.  Metter  i 
piedi  in  — ,  to  put  the  feet  in  a  bath  ; 
Mettere  il  corpo  in  — ,  to  go  out  for  a 
bath.  3.  Metter  il  pozzo  or  1'  acqua  in 
— ,  lit.  to  put  the  well,  or  the  water, 
to  soak,  i.e.  to  prepare  refreshments. 
4.  soft,  pliable,  //'/.  ory^.  5.  effeminate, 
soft.  Aff.  -eme'nte. 

Molleggiare  ind.  molleggio  (It. 
molla) ;  of  a  spring  arm-chair,  etc.,  to 
spring  up  and  down  ;  of  a  person 
writing,  to  work  the  fingers  which  hold 
the  pen  while  the  rest  of  the  hand  is 
kept  steady  ;  of  vine  branches,  to  wave 
about  in  a  springy  manner. 

*Mollese;  soft,  referring  to  the  covering  of  a 
nut  before  it  has  hardened  into  the  nut-shell. 

Moll^tta/;  i.  dim.  Molla,  watch- 
spring  or  other  fine  spring.  2.  in  //., 
light  pair  of  tongs,  sugar-tongs,  etc. 
3.  (vet.)  swelling  in  the  synovial  sheaths 
of  the  tendons. 

Mollettina  / ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Mol- 
letta.  2.  in  pl.,  =  Pinzettine,  tweezers. 

Mollett6ne  m.  (Fr.,  <  mollet,  soft) ; 
swanskin  flannel. 

Molle'zza  f. ;  i.  softness.  2.  ef- 
feminacy. 

Mollfca  /  ;  =  Midolla,  crumb,  soft 
part  of  bread. 

*i.  large  quantity  of  anything,  ii.  gross  blunder, 
iii.  in //.,  bread-crumbs. 

Etym.  dub.  Diez  marks  the  accent  inaccurately 
as  Moliica  and  traces  the  word  to  L.  mollis,  soft. 


Caix  suggests  derivation  <  bit.  **  molecula,  v.  Mo- 
lecola;  cp.  Fr.  mie,  crumb,<L.  mica,  little  bit,  first 
specialised  into  little  bit  of  bread-crumb,  and  then 
extended  into  crumb,  the  soft  part  of  bread,  generally, 
whilst  a  dim.  mictte  was  formed  for  bread-crumb. 
In  Italian,  by  a  reverse  process,  Mollica  may  have 
been  developed  as  a  back-formation  out  of  Mollicola 
regarded  as  a  diminutive  ;  the  change  however, 
molecula  >  Mollicola,  may  be  due  to  the  influence 
of  mollis,  this  word  being  indubitably  the  source  of 
provincial  (Murcian)  Span,  molla,  the  crumb  of 
bread  ;  the  Castilian  word  for  this  is  miga,  which 
is  of  course  <  L.  mica,  like  Fr.  mie. 

Mollicchio  m.  (dim.  of  Molle)  ;  mo- 
rass. 

*  Molliccico;  =  Molliccio,  damp. 
Molliccio    (dim.   Molle);    I.    damp. 

2.    as  sb.,  dampness. 

*  Mollicello  ;  =  Molliccio,  damp. 
Mollicfna   f.:     dim.    1'czz.     Molla, 

watch-spring  etc. 

*  Mollicola  yl;~  Briciola,   crumb;    for  ctym.   7: 
Mollica. 

Mollicdne  (augm.  Molle);  i.  soft 
(ground),  rainy  (day),  soft,  fresh-fallen 
(snow).  2.  fig.  flabby,  delicate  in  health. 

Mollicume     in.     (spreg.     Mollica)  ; 

1.  crumbs   left   after   eating,   leavings. 

2.  muddy  place. 

Mollific-are  ind.  mollifico;  to  soften,  usu.  in 
medical  sense,  e.g.  a  tumour.  Aff.  -amento,  -ativo, 
-azione. 

*Molli2iayI;  i.  carnal  abuse,     ii.  =  Mollczza. 

Moll6ne  m.  (augm.  Molla);  (;;///.) 
the  spring  which  is  released  by  the 
trigger. 


trigger. 
*  Mollore 


.;  =  Mollume. 


Mollume  m. ;  wetness  of  the  ground 
from  rain. 

Mollusco  ;«.  (L.,  7/.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  as  E. 
fMolmolo  7«.;  =  Gado  minuto,  poor-fish. 

M61o  m.  (var.  of  Mole) ;  mole, 
breakwater. 

ti.    i.q.    Molmolo.      ii.    Prender   il    — ,    to   take 
offence. 

*Molone  m. ;  =  Merlone  (2). 

Moldssico;  ?'.  Molosso  (2). 

Moldsso  in.  (Gr.);  i.  Molossian  dog.  2.  in 
prosody,  a  foot  of  three  long  syllables. 

*MolsayC;    i.    honey  and   hot  water,     ii.  -Mi- 
dolla  (i). 

Molta;  the  river  Moldau  in  Bohemia. 

Molteplice;  i.q.  Moltiplice. 

Moltetto;  dim.  Molto,  rather  too  much. 
*Molticcio  m.  (prob.  dim.  of  Malta,  with  o  for 
a  under  the  influence  of  Molle);  i.  mire.    ii.=Concia, 
lye. 

Molti-col6re,  -fido  as  E.  ;  -fiorito  with  many 
flowers;  -forme,  -latero  as  E.;  -lingue  speaking 
many  languages;  -16bo,  -loculare  (<W.)  as  E.  ; 
-loquenza  scherz.  fluent  gabbling;  -Idquio  i.y. 
Multiloquio;  -lustre  scherz.  or  iron.,  advanced  in 
years,  v.  Lustro. 

Moltiplic-are  ind.  moltiplico  ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-abile,  -abilita,  -ando,  -atamente,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Moltiplic-e,  Multiplic-e  ;  asE.  -4^-emente, 
-ita. 

Molti-plo  i.ij.  Multiplo  ;  -sonante,  loud- 
sounding;  -tudine,  -valvo,  as  E. 

M61to :  i.  much,  or  as  adv.,  very. 
2.  Correr  — ,  to  differ  greatly  ;  Ci  corre 
— ,  there  is  a  vast  difference.  3.  Saper 
per  — ,  or  di  — ,  iron,  not  to  know  ;  So 
di  —  se  verra  o  non  verra,  I  haven't  the 
smallest  idea  whether  he  is  coming  or 
not ;  Ne  sa  di  —  lui,  it  is  a  lot  he  knows 
about  it,  i.e.  he  knows  nothing.  4.  A 
far  — ,  or  A  dir  — ,  to  put  it  at  the 
outside,  at  the  maximum. 

Etym.  L.  mitltus,  root  mel,  to  exceed,  cp.  L. 
melior,  better,  Gr.  fioAa,  very,  juaAAop,  more, 
^oAiora,  most,  Lettish  miltts,  very  much,  Irish 
ntolaim,  I  praise,  Welsh  molt,  to  praise. 


MOLTOSPITO— MONDIZ1A 


383 


*Moltospito;  very  hospitable. 

Moluccano;  (bot.)  Legno  — ,  croton  oil  tree, 
K  'I'iglio  (3). 

Molucella  f.\  (l>ot.)  a  genus  of  Labiatat  be- 
longing to  the  shores  of  the  Eastern  Mediterranean. 

M61va/ ;  ling  (fish),  Gadus  molva, 
locally  termed  Gado  molve,  Stocofic, 
Grongo  de  funale,  Lupessa. 

Mome'nt-o  /«.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  i.  moment  of  time.  2.  moment, 
importance.  3.  A  -i,  (a)  at  times,  some- 
times, (b)  in  a  very  short  time  from 
now;  A  -i  arriva  il  treno,  the  train  will 
be  here  directly.  4.  In  un  — ,  in  (the 
duration  of)  a  moment.  5.  Sul,  or  Nel 
— ,  at  once,  without  loss  of  time.  6.  Non 
vedere  il  — ,  or  Non  veder  1'  ora  e  il  — 

che...,  to  long   for  the   time  when 

'movement. 

Ajf.  -accio/^f.,  -aneamente  for  the  moment, 
-aneo  momentary,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -oso  as  E. 

Mommare  ind.  mommo  ;  child's 
word  for  drinking. 

Mommo,  Memme  m.  (imit.) ;  child's 
word  for  something  to  drink. 

M6mo  ///.  (L.  Momns,  =  Gr.  fia>iu>s)', 
i.  Momus,  the  god  of  ridicule.  2.  scoffer. 

Mombrdica/.  (L.  mordeo,  to  bite,  from  the 
bitten  appearance  of  the  seeds);  {bot.)  a  genus  of 
Cucitrbitat'cac. 

*  Mompariglia_/;  fine  woollen  cloth. 

*Mona/:;=Monna,  Mrs. 

Mdnac-a  f.  (v.  Monaco);  I.  nun; 
Sposa  — ,  a  girl  dressed  for  the  cere- 
mony of  reception  into  her  Order  ;  A 
quest'  ora  si  sarebbe  vestita  una  sposa 
— ,  in  this  time  a  girl  would  have  dressed 
for  her  reception,  said  to  one  who  takes 
a  long  time  over  something ;  Par  fatta 
dalle  -he,  i.e.  it  is  a  dainty  dish.  2.  A 
variety  of  grape  and  of  wine  to  corre- 
spond. 3.  A  variety  of  plum.  4.  - 
bianca,  the  smew  or  white  nun,  a  species 
of  goosander,  -v.  Pesciaiola. 

*i.    vestal  virgin,     ii.    heater  for  a  warming-pan, 
iii.    warming-pan,     iv.    barren  cow. 
Aff.  -ale,  -almente. 

Monacanda  /. ;  novice  about  to  take 
the  veil. 

Monacato  m. ;  status  of  a  monk  or 
nun. 

Monacazidne/  ;  the  act  of  entering 
an  Order. 

Monacchia  /  ;  jackdaw,  v.  Taccola. 

tMonacedda  /;  mutton-fish,  v. 
Canario  (2). 


^/ ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Monaca; 
Far  la  — ,  to  feign  virtue.  2.  Alle  sette 
-e,  Tirale  su  che  le  son  belle,  a  rhyme 
accompanying  a  childish  game.  3.  Di 
la  di  Santa  Chiara  Ci  stan  le  -e,  etc., 
verses  repeated  by  the  Tuscan  peasantry 
near  Pistoia  when  they  drink  water  for 
economy  or  wine  which  the  tavern 
keeper  has  watered.  4.  in  pi.,  (dot.)  a 
species  of  edible  fungus  with  white 
stalk  and  greenish  cap,  Helvetia.  5.  v. 
Monachella. 

Monacello  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  or  iron. 
of  Monaco. 

Monachella,    Monacella  / ;    (or •- 
nil/i.)  the  wheat-ear,  Saxicola  oenanthe, 


or  other  species  of  warbler ;   cp.  Cul- 
bianco. 

Monache'tta  /  ;  dim.  Monaca. 

Monaclietto  m.;  i.  dim.  Monaco. 
2.  catch  for  the  latch  of  a  door.  3.  i.q. 
Monaca  (4),  the  white  nun  goosander. 
4.  (mar.)  bitt,  stout  post,  standing  alone. 

Monachile  ;  =  Monacale,  monastic. 

Monachfna/ ;  \.dim.vezz.  Monaca. 
2.  a  kind  of  wide-brimmed  hat.  3.  in 
pi.,  the  last  sparks  in  burning  a  piece 
of  paper,  considered  to  disappear  like 
the  candles  of  nuns  going  to  bed. 
4.  (ornith.)  avocet,  a  bird  of  the  order 
Grallatores,  Recutvirostra  avocetta,  v. 
Avosetta. 

Monachfno  m.;    i.   dim.   Monaco. 

2.  man    with    a   thin    cracked    voice. 

3.  (ornitft.)  (a)  —  Ciuffolotto,  bullfinch, 
(*)=Passera  di   padule,    reed-bunting. 

4.  in  pi.,  two  strengthening  pieces  or 
struts  of  a  timber  truss,  such  as  is  used 
in  the  framework  of  a  roof. 

*As  adj. :    i.   dark  red.     ii.   Vestir  — ,  eupk.  for 
illicit  intercourse,     iii.    of  a  bruise,  livid. 

Monachismo  m. ;  spreg.  monkery. 

M6naco  in.  (A)  (mlt.  monachus,= 
Gr.  fiovaxos,  <  povos,  alone);  I.  monk, 
living  in  seclusion,  as  distinguished 
from  a  Frate,  friar,  who,  though  under 
a  vow  of  celibacy,  mixes  with  the  world. 
2.  (arch.}  king-post.  3.  bullfinch,  v. 
Monachino  (3). 

(B)  i.  Munich,  in  Bavaria.  2.  Monaco,  near 
Nice. 

*  M  onacordo  m. ;  v .  Monocordo. 
Monacucce/.  pl.\  (*»/.)=  Pancacciola,  gladi- 
olus. 

Monacucci-o  m.,  -a  f.  ;  Jim.  sfn-g.  Mo- 
nac-o,  -a. 

M6nade_/C;  i.  the  monad  or  elementary  cell 
imagined  by  Leibnitz.  2.  in //.,  a  family  of  flagellate 
infusoria. 

Monadelfia/;  (&>/.)  Linnaeus'  class  of  inona- 
delphous  plants. 

Monadista  tit. ;  an  adherent  to  Leibnitz's  doc- 
trine of  monads. 

Monandria/i;  (hot.)  Linnaeus'  class  of  monan- 
drous  plants. 

Monantero  ;  (&;/.)(stamen)  with  but  one  anther. 

Monarc-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vocJ); 
monarch. 

Aff.  -ato,  -hesco  spreg.,  -hia,  -hicame'nte,  -hico. 

Monarda/. ;  (bot.')  a  genus  of  North  American 
Labiatae,  one  of  which,  the  M.  didytna,  is  known 
as  Oswego  tea. 

*  Monarmonio  ;  (instrument)  whose  mechanism 
provides  one  series  only  of  sounds,  such  as  a  harp. 

tMonaro;  v.  Magasso  (r). 

Monastero  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.) ',  convent  of  nuns  or  monastery  of 
monks,  v.  Monaco.  A  home  of  friars, 
Frati,  is  termed  Convento.  'hermitage. 

Monastic-o;  as  E.     Ajf.  -amente. 

Monatto  m.  (coined  from  a  stem 
man-,  taken  perhaps  from  some  such 
word  as  Monello,  with  the  Lombard 
suffix  ail-,  which  often  occurs  in  words 
describing  menial  occupations) ;  person 
employed  to  bury  those  who  died  of 
plague. 

Monca/;  a  kind  of  iron  arm  employed  in  an 
olive  press  to  collect  the  pulp  under  the  mill-stone. 

Moncenisio  in. ;  Mont  Cenis. 

Moncherino  m.  (It.  manco);  stump 
of  an  arm  with  no  hand. 

Monche'zza  /  ;  v.  Monco. 


Monchlno  m.;  i.  i.q.  Moncherino. 
2.  person  thus  mutilated.  3.  in  pi., 
mittens,  gloves  with  a  division  for  the 
thumb  but  not  for  any  of  the  fingers. 

M6nc-o  (L.  ntancus,  cp.  Sanskr. 
tnanak,  little,  Germ.  Mangel,  lack)  ; 
I.  (arm)  without  a  hand.  2.  (pers.) 
clumsy-fingered.  3.  person  who  has 
lost  a  hand.  4.  Panni  strizzati  e  -hi, 
clothes  that  have  been  pressed  and 
made  awkward  for  walking  in.  5.  Cavar 
di  mano  a  un  —  le  bastonate,  or  Cavarle 
di  mano  a  un  — ,  to  get  a  thrashing 
from  a  cripple,  i.e.  to  behave  with  such 
insolence  as  to  provoke  it.  6.  one  who 
will  not  pay  his  debts ;  Se  tu  avanzi  da 
lui  te  Ii  dark  alia  cassa  dei  -hi,  if  you 
have  money  due  from  him  he  will  repay 
you  at  the  cripples'  office,  i.e.  not  at  all. 
7.  incomplete  (information).  8.  Autore 
stampato  — ,  author  whose  book  is 
printed  incomplete. 

*i-.fig-  erroneous  (ideas),  D.  Inf.  13.30.  ii.  missing 
(hands),  D.  Purg.  19.  9,  where,  however,  the  meaning 
may  be  that  the  hands  are  maimed,  not  missing  alto- 
gether. 

Moncdne  m.  ;  =  Moncherino.  tmaize- 
stalk  without  the  head. 

Mondaccio  ;«.  \  flegg.  Mondo. 

Mondan-O  ;  mundane,  of  this  present 
world. 

*  i.  terrestrial,  ii.  worldly,  in  a  general  sense, 
iii.  dissolute,  iv.  as  j^.,  =  Uomo,  man. 

Ajf.  -amente,  -e'ttu  <#;«.,  -ita//.,  vanities  of  this 
world. 

Mond-are  ind.  mdndo  (L.  mundare) ; 

1.  to  peel  (fruit,  hard-boiled  eggs,  etc.). 

2.  — ,  or  Pulire  la  foglia,  to  clear  mul- 
berry leaves  of  stalks,  mulberries,  etc., 
so  as  to  suit  the  silkworms,  or  to  clear 
(grain)  from  the  rubbish  that  may  be 
with    it  ;  fig.    to    cleanse    (from    sin). 

3.  Non  —   nespole,  not  to  be  peeling 
medlars,  i.e.  not   to   be   uselessly  em- 
ployed ;    Tu  cammini   ma   quell'  altro 
non  -a  nespole,  you  are  making  pro- 
gress but  your  rival  is  making  good  use 
of  his  time  too.     4.  —  1'  ova  a  uno,  to 
peel    eggs    for    him,    i.e.    facilitate   his 
work.     5.  Gli  s'  e  rovesciata  la  pentola 
bollente  e  s'  e  -ato  tutta  una  mano,  she 
upset  a  boiling  saucepan  and  took  all 
the  skin  off  one  of  her  hands  ;  similarly, 
-arsi  gli  stinchi,  to  bark  one's  shins. 

*i.  to  clean  (young  growing  crops);  Credi  di  — 
il  riso,  he  thinks  he  is  cleaning  rice,  said  of  one  who 
is  rummaging  roughly  among  delicate  objects,  ii.  to 
clean. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Monde'zza  /  (It.  mondo) ;  purity. 
*  sweepings. 

Mondezzaio  m.  (It.  *mondezza) ; 
dung-heap. 

*Mondia  f.\  i.  purity,     ii.  =  Mondiglia,  siftings. 

*  Mondiafe  ;  =  Mondano,  worldly. 

*  Mondificare  ;  to  purge,  purify, 

Mondiglia/.;  siftings,  chaff,  rubbish. 

*i.  alloy,  D.  Inf.  30.  90.  ii.  small  change, 
coppers. 

Mondina  /  (It.  mondo) ;  chestnut 
boiled  without  the  shell. 

Mondino  in.;  dim.  Mondo,  world.  *a  measure 
for  salt. 

Mondizia  f.  ;=  Monclezza,  purity. 

*  i.  sweepings,  dirt.     ii.  neatness  in  dress. 


384 


MONDO— MONSIGNORE 


M6ndo  (A)  m.  (L.  mundus]\  world. 
Donna  di  - — ,  woman  of  the  town, 
della  luna,  world  of  the  moon,  i.e.  not 
this  work-a-day  world  but  an  imaginary 
one.  Parere  la  fine  del  — ,  to  be  very 
bad  weather.  Pare  d'  avere  tutto  il  — 
addosso,  he  thinks  himself  the  most 
miserable  of  men. 

(B)  (sync,  for  Mondato);  i.  peeled; 
Avere  or  Volere  V  ovo  — ,  to  have,  or 
want,  a  thing  without  any  trouble. 
2,  clean,  but  only  in  the  prov.  Chi 
vuol  la  casa  moncla  non  tenga  mai 
colomba,  do  not  keep  pigeons  if  you 
want  the  house  to  be  clean.  3.  cleansed 
(from  leprosy).  4.  of  animals,  in  the 
Levitical  law,  clean.  5.  fig,  pure  in 
heart.  6.  bald ;  —  come  il  palmo 
della  mano,  as  bare  as  the  palm  of 
your  hand. 

*i.  clear  (water),  pure  (wine);  II  chiaro  — ,  the 
hemisphere  in  sunshine;  Nel  primo  — ,  in  the  world 
of  human  life,  D.  Inf.  29.  104.  ii.  Cosa  del  — ,  for 
the  shortest  possible  time;  Senza  fermarmi  cosa  del 
— ,  without  stopping  an  instant,  iii.  Stare  al  — , 
i.e.  not  in  any  Order,  iv.  Rovinare  il  —  d'  acqua, 
to  rain  very  heavily. 

*Mondol-a_/,  *-one  *«. ;  =  Mondina. 
Mond6ne  m. ;  augm.  Mondo. 
Mondualdare;  (teg.)  of  a  woman,  to  dispose 
by  order  of  the  court  of  part  of  her  dowry. 

Mondualdo  ///.  (mlt.  mondualdus,  a 
Latinised  form  of  O.H.G.  muni-wait, 
guardian,  from  mund^  ward,  walten,  to 
administer,  cp.  Germ.  Mtindel,  ward) ; 
(leg.}  i.  guardian  of  a  woman,  i.e.  whose 
consent  is  necessary  to  her  making  a 
contract.  2.  order  of  the  court,  T/. 
Mondualdare ;  Far — ^i.q.  Mondualdare. 

•Monedulay;  (L.  nionedula,  jackdaw);  =  Gaz- 

/era  or  Cornacchia,  magpie  or  crow. 

Mon6U-0  ///.  (prob.<'L.  monedula, 
jackdaw) ;  i .  urchin.  2.  vezz.  rogue ; 
in  the  sense  in  which  a  woman  says  to 
her  husband  when  he  has  made  her  a 
present,  Oh  !  you  shouldn't ! 

Aff,  -a,  -accio  -accia  Peggs.,  -erfa  prank,  -esco, 
-ino  -ina  dims.,  -ucciaccio  -ucciaccia  peggs.,  -uccio 
-uccia  Peggs.  vezz. 

Monet-a  f.  (L.  moneta,  which  was 
a  surname  of  Juno,</»<?;/£0,  to  remind, 
the  ancient  Roman  mint  having  been 
in  her  temple);  I.  coin.  2.  O  cambi- 
agli  quella  —  !  or  O  rifagli  il  resto  ! 
said  when  someone  persists  in  arguing 
a  hopeless  case.  3.  (hist.)  a  piece  of 
ten  pauls,  equal  to  5.60  francs.  4.  Carta 
— ,  forced  paper  money;  Carta  mone- 
tata,  paper  payable  on  demand. 

*i.  Cambiar  —  con  uno,  to  resist  him,     ii.  mint. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg..  -aggio  mintage  or  cost  of 
mintage,  -are  to  mint,  -ario,  -azione  (i.q.  -aggio 
mintage),  -iere  mmter,  -ina  dim,t  or  nnttpkr., 
meaning  a  beautiful  large  coin,  -uccia  Pfgg. 

Monferrlna/!;  =  Manfrina,  country 
dance. 

*Mongana  y:  (for  **Mungana,  <It.  mungere, 
to  milk);  sucking  calf. 

Mongibdllo  m.  (Arabic  gebel,  moun- 
tain, with  It.  prefix  mon-  for  Monte); 
Mt  Etna. 

Mongioiay;  (Fr.  mont  joie) ;  the  ancient  war- 
cry  of  the  Franks,     i.  money,     ii.  soldier's  pay. 
*Mongivo  /«.;  scented  ointment. 

Moiigolfiera  / ;  air-balloon,  so 
named  after  the  Montgolfier  brothers, 
its  inventors  in  1783. 


*  Moniale  in.  or  /;  monk  or  nun. 
tMonica/;=Monaca,  nun. 

Monile  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mane) ; 

1.  necklace.     2.  bracelet. 

*  Monine  _/;//.  ;=Moine. 

Mon-ismo  m.  (Gr.);  monism,  the  doctrine 
that  all  things  are  made  of  one  substance.  Aff. 
-ista,  -istico. 

Mbnito  m,  (L.  monitum)\  admoni- 
tion. 

Monit<5r-e  m.  (L.  monitor};  i.  title 
of  a  journal  intended  to  be  instructive 
or  give  official  news.  2.  (Rom.  hist.} 
in  pL,  the  trainers  of  the  Campus  Mar- 
tius.  3.  in  schools,  monitor.  4.  the 
monitor  saurian,  Monitor  Niloticus. 
Aff.  -iale. 

Monitbrio  ///.;  (eccl.)  a  letter  caution- 
ing all  persons,  under  certain  penalties, 
to  give  information  relative  to  some 
trial. 

Monizidne  f. ;  pop.  for  Ammoni- 
zione.  *  war-magazine. 

M6nna    /;     i.  =  Madonna,     Mrs. 

2.  ape;    Pigliar   la   — ,  to   be  drunk; 
Cotto  com'  una  — ,  drunk;   Dar  la  — 
to  jeer.     3.    —  col  ciuffo,  a  species  of 
heron,  Ardea  nycticorax.     4.  free-mar- 
tin, a  twin  cow-calf,  usually  barren. 

Monnerfno ;  apish. 

Monnina/;  i.  little  ape.  2.  sly 
girl.  3.  hen. 

Monnin-o  m.  \  i.  little  ape.  2.  Dare 
i  -i,  to  make  puns,  etc.  3.  (mar.)  curved 
bitt. 

*  Monno  «.;  =  Mondo.    As  a-ij.,  drunk. 
*Monnosino;  playful. 

Monobase;  (bot.)  (parasite)  growing  upon  only 
one  point. 

MonobIessia/(Gr.  0Ae'i/»is);  clear  vision  with 
one  eye  but  blurred  with  two. 

Monocarpo,  Monocarpico;  (bot.)  i.  mono- 
carpous,  fiowering  once  and  dying  after  fructification, 
like  beans,  maize,  mustard,  etc.  Annuals  and  bi- 
ennials therefore  are  monocarppus,  as  well  as  certain 
other  plants  such  as  the  American  aloe.  2.  mono- 
carpellary,  bearing  but  one  carpel. 

Monocefalo  »t. ',  monster  consisting  of  two 
bodies  with  only  one  head.  As  adj.t  (bot.)  with  a 
solitary  head,  said  of  unbranched  composite  plants. 

Monocentro  m. ;  a  genus  of  fishes,  .\fono- 
icntris. 

Mondcerow.  (Gr.  *«'/>as);  i.  animal  with  only 
one  horn,  e.g.  rhinoceros,  narwhal,  and  several  in- 
sects. 2.  a  genus  of  gasteropod  molluscs. 

Monoclamidato;  (bot.)  with  only  one  perianth. 

Monoclinico;  (hospital)  for  only  one  kind  of 
disease. 

Monocline;  (bot.)  monoclinous,  having  both 
stamens  and  pistils  in  every  flower. 

Monbcolo,  Mon6culo;  one-eyed. 

Monocdrdo  (Monacordo)  m. ;  i.  monochord, 
instrument  for  experimenting  on  the  mathematical 
relations  of  musical  sounds.  It  consists  of  a  single 
string  stretched  upon  two  bridges  one  or  both  of 
which  are  movable.  2.  instrument  consisting  of 
several  strings  in  unison,  for  tuning. 

Monocotiledone ;  (bot.)  monocotyledonous, 
.having  only  one  cotyledon  or  seed-leaf. 

Monocr6ma  f.  (Gr.  xpa>/i,a) ;  monochrome, 
picture  in  one  colour. 

Monocromatico  ;  i.  painted  in  one  colour. 
2.  consisting  of  rays  of  light  of  only  one  colour. 

Monoculare;  one-eyed. 

Mondculo;  i.q.  Monocolo. 

MonocuspidaIe(L.  ««//,$);  (arch.)  terminating 
in  one  cusp. 

Monodattilo  (Gr.  SaimAos) ;  with  but  one 
digit,  vie.  the  equine  group. 

Monodelfo ;  monadelphic,  belonging  to  the 
placental  group  of  mammals,  i.e.  all  except  the 
marsupials  and  monotremes. 

Monod-ia_/^;  dirge  sung  by  one  voice.  Aff. 
-Ico. 

Monod6nto(Gr.  ofiou's,  ofiocTos) ;  with  but  one 
tooth. 


Monpecio,  Mondico  (Gr.  oJ*os);  (bot.)  monoe- 
cious, having  male  and  female  flowers  upon  the 
same  root  and  stem,  as  opposed  to  dioecious,  where 
one  plant  has  flowers  either  all  male  or  all  female. 

Monofillo  (Gr.  <f»uAAoc);  (bot.)  consisting  of 
one  leaf,  monophyllous  ;  the  term  applies  to  an 
undivided  involucre  or  calyx. 

Monofis-ismo  m.  (Gr.  <£ucris);  heresy  of  those 
who  held  that  the  human  and  divine  in  Jesus  Christ 
constituted  but  one  composite  nature.  Aff.  -ita. 

Mon6gam-o  (Gr.);  monogamous.  In  botany 
this  is  having  a  simple  flower  with  united  anthers. 
Aff.  -fa,  -ico. 

Monogen-esi  /.  (Gr.);  monogenesis.  i.  de- 
velopment of  all  beings  in  the  universe  from  one 
primordial  cell.  2.  reproduction  from  one  parent, 
by  fission.  3.  development  of  the  embryo  into  an 
animal  like  its  parent,  not  like  its  grandparent, 
which  is  metagenesis.  Aff.  -ico. 

Monogen-ismo  m.\  monogemsm,  the  theory 
that  the  various  races  of  mankind  have  a  common 
origin.  Aff.  -ista. 

Monoginia  f.  ;  (bot.)  monogynia,  Linnaeus' 
name  for  thirteen  orders  of  plants  all  of  which  have 
only  one  style  or  stigma. 

Monoglbttico  (Gr.  yXwTTa);  (languages)  with 
a  common  origin. 

Monograf-fay:;  as  E.     Aff.  -ico,  -ista. 

Monogramm-a  m.\  as  E.     Aff.  -atico. 

Mondico;  i,r/.  Monoecio. 

Monolito  m.  (Gr.  At'Oos);  monolith,  a  single 
large  stone  shaped  into  a  monument. 

Mpn61ogo  m.;  i.  monologue.  2.  play  written 
for  a  single  actor.  3.  uninterrupted  speech  of  con- 
siderable length  by  one  of  the  characters  in  a  play, 
or  long  scene  by  one  singer  in  an  opera. 

Mono 


nomachiay!  (Gr.  M^X*?);  single  combat. 

Monoman-ia  f.  (Gr.);  monomania,  madness 
in  regard  to  a  single  subject  only.  Aff.  -faco. 

Monometallismo  m.  ;  monometallism,  mo- 
netary system  where  only  one  metal  is  of  unlimited 
legal  tender. 

Mondmetro;  (poem)  in  one  metre  through- 
out. 

Monbmio  M.  ;  monomial,  an  algebraical  term 
not  connected  with  another  by  the  sign  of  +  or  -. 

MonopegtayC;  (med.)  circumscribed  pain  in 
the  head,  the  davits  hystericits. 

Monopetalo;  (bot.)  monopetalous  or  game- 
petalous,  having  the  corolla  in  one  piece, 

Monop6I-io  m.  (Gr.  jrajAcic);  monopoly.  Aff. 
-ista,  -izzare. 

Monorimm-o,  Monoritm-o;  (verses)  of  one 
and  the  same  number  of  feet,  syllables  and  endings. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Monosfipalo;  (&;/.)  with  the  base  of  the  perianth 
in  one  piece. 

Monosillab-o  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ico,  -ita. 

Monosizfa/  (Gr.  O-ITOS);  habit  of  eating  once 
a  day  only. 

Mondstico  (Gr.  <rrt£,  OTI'XOS);  (epigram)  con- 
sisting of  but  one  verse. 

Monostilo;  (bot.)  (ovary)  with  only  one  style. 

Mon6stomo  (Gr.  <rr6/ia);  with  only  one  mouth. 

Monostropho;  consisting  of  only  one  strophe 
ur  stanza. 

Monote-ismo  m.  ;  monotheism.     Aff.  -istico. 

Monotelismo  m.  (Gr.  0eAw);  the  heretical  doc- 
trine that  Christ  had  two  natures  but  only  one 
will. 

Monoton-p;  as  E.     Aff.  -ia. 

Monotremi  tn.  pi.  (Gr.  rpiJuta,  bole);  mono- 
tremes,  the  class  of  mamnialia  which  resemble  birds 
in  having  only  one  posterior  aperture  in  the  skin, 
and  in  producing  the  young  from  an  egg. 

Monotriglifo  nt.  ;  (arck.)  an  intercoTummation 
in  an  entablature,  in  which  only  one  trtglyph  and 
two  metopes  are  introduced. 

Mondttero  m.  (Gr.  -nrepAv,  feather,  also  a  row 
of  pillars);  i.  monopteron,  a  circular  temple  con- 
sisting of  a  roof  supported  on  columns,  without  a 
cella  or  closed  portion.  2.  a  genus  of  fishes. 

Monreale;  Montreal,  in  Canada. 
*  Monsanese,  Monseniso  w.;  =  Moncenisio. 

Monsign6r-e  m.\  \.  my  lord,  title 
given  to  a  bishop.  2.  —  maggiordomo, 
principal  chaplain  to  the  Pope.  3.  - 
reverendissimo,  canon  of  a  cathedral 
chapter.  4.  —  di  mantellone,  one  en- 
joying the  title  during  the  life  of  the 
reigning  Pope,  though  it  has  been 
usually  confirmed  after  his  death  by 
the  next  Pope;  Prov.  —  di  mantellone 
morto  il  papa  rimane  un  minchione, 
(returns  to  a  commoner's  position)  said 
of  one  who  loses  a  patron  by  death. 
5.  —  della  casa,  =  GalateOj  book  about 


MONSIU— MONTE 


385 


etiquette  and  propriety.   6.  title  formerly 
given  to  a  king. 

Aff,  -ato  dignity  of  a  Monsignore, 
-etto  or  -ino  juvenile  bishop. 

Monsiil;  scherz.  spreg.  or  iron,  for 
S ignore,  Mr. 

Monsoni  adj.  or  sb.  pi.  (Arabic 
mausim,  time,  season) ;  the  monsoons 
or  periodical  winds  of  the  Indian  Ocean, 
south-west  from  May  to  September, 
north-east  from  October  to  April. 

M6nta/C ;  I.  covering  of  the  female 
by  the  male;  Da  — ,  of  an  animal  of 
either  sex,  kept  for  breeding ;  Rimasta 
alia  prima  — •,  in  foal  or  in  calf  from 
the  first  time  of  covering.  2.  breeding 
season.  3.  place  where  stud  males  are 
kept.  4.  in  engineer!  ng,  =  Raggio,  ra- 
dius, esp.  in  relation  to  the  curvature  of 
the  arch  of  a  bridge.  *sum  (of  money). 

Montachiara  /. ;  in  cooking,  = 
Frusta,  whip  for  whipping  cream. 

Montagn-a  /  (bit.  montania,  <  L. 
montanus) ;  mountain.  Prov.  Le  -e 
stanno  ferme  e  gli  uomini  camminano, 
mountains  remain  while  men  move, 
said  on  finding  someone  far  from  the 
place  where  he  was  believed  to  be. 
Nevicare  alia  — ,  to  be  snowing  on  the 
mountains,  scherz.  of  a  person  whose 
hair  is  turning  white.  Fare  come  i 
pifferi  di  — ,  to  which  may  be  added, 
che  andaron  per  sonare  e  furon  sonati, 
to  fare  like  the  mountain  pipers  who 
went  to  play  and  were  played  upon, 
i.e.  to  suffer  the  damage  one  intended 
to  inflict.  II  topo  e  la  — ,  La  —  a 
partorito,  etc.,  the  mountain  labours 
and  gives  birth  to  a  mouse,  an  expres- 
sion as  old  as  Horace :  Parturiunt 
montes,  nascetur  ridiculus  mus.  Mao- 
metto  e  la  — ,  a  common  but  rather 
pointless  allusion  to  a  saying  attributed 
to  Mahomet,  that  since  the  mountain 
would  not  come  to  him  he  would  go  to 
the  mountain. 

Aff.  -accia  ffgg.,  -etta  dim.  vezz.,  -51a  dim. , 
•6lo  mountaineer,  or  as  adj.  characteristic  of  moun- 
taineers, -oso 

Montalcino  ;  (gtogr.)  a  district  near  Siena. 

*  Montale  ;«.;  part  of  a  field  where  the  crop  is 
luxuriant  from  rich  manuring. 

Montanaro ;  adj.m sb., mountaineer. 
II  --  biellese  ;  this  usually  refers  to 
Q.  Sella,  of  Biella,  a  town  in  the  pro- 
vince of  Turin. 

Montanello  m. ;  (ornith.)  I.  linnet, 
Linaria  cannabina,  also  termed  Fanello, 
Gricciolo.  2.  —  forestiero,  twite,  Frin- 
gilla  flavirostris,  also  termed  Fanello 
Riska,  Fringuello  de' monti.  *=Mon- 
tanino. 

Montanina /. ;  i.  girl  of  the  moun- 
tains. 2.  the  great  bell  of  Pistoia,  so 
called  because  after  its  capture  by  the 
Florentines  in  1303  it  was  placed  in 
the  castle  of  Montale. 

•skin  of  a  mountain  sheep. 

Montanin-o;  of  the  mountains.  Passera  -a, 
rock-sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  d).  *Sal  — ,  rock 
salt.  Aff.  -6tto  dim.  z>fzz. 

Montanismo  m. ;  the  doctrines  of  Montanus, 
a  Phrygian  enthusiast  of  the  and  century. 

*  Montanista  m. ;  mining-engineer. 

H. 


Montano;  (poet.)  of  the  mountains. 

Montante  m.'t  i.  stand,  support.  2.  v.  Mon- 
tare  (8). 

Montapignatte  m. ;  schtrz.  pot-climber,  in  a 
translation  of  the  Batrachomyomachia. 

Mont-are  ind.  monto;  i.  to  climb; 
-a  qui  che  vedrai  Lucca,  said  with  a 
suitable  gesture,  scherz.  to  one  who  is 
trying  to  take  us  in  ;  -a  su,  tu  vedi 
Lucca,  said  to  a  child  whom  one  is 
lifting  up  by  the  head  or  shoulders  ; 
-  il  capo,  to  excite  oneself;  -  -  in 
capo,  to  order  (a  person)  about ;  Si  e 
lasciato  —  in  capo  dal  tale,  he  has 
allowed  himself  to  be  ordered  about 
by  so  and  so.  2.  —  bene  a  cavallo, 
to  be  a  good  rider.  3.  of  expense,  to 
amount.  4.  to  be  of  consequence,  to 
signify  ;  E  quel  che  piii  -a  e  che  non 

10  sapeva   lui,  cio£   il   piii  interessato, 
and  the  principal  thing  is  that  he  did 
not  know  it,  when  he  was  the  person 
most  nearly  concerned.     5.  of  the  male 
animal,  to  cover.     6.   to  mount  (a  ma- 
chine),   put   it   together  ;    similarly,    to 
organise  (a  plot),  to  furnish  and  set  up 
(a   house),    to   mount   (guard).      7.    in 
cooking,  to  froth  up  (a  liquid)  by  whip- 
ping.    8.  pres.  part,  montante,  as  sb., 
in   fencing,   a   thrust   from   below   up- 
wards. 

*i.  to  be  increased,  ii.  to  be  useful,  iii.  —  in 
altura,  to  grow  proud,  iv.  to  bring  about,  produce, 
v.  Monta  casca,  rising  and  reseating  oneself  in 
rowing,  vi.  to  double  (a  promontory). 

Mont-ata  f. ;  ascent,  -atoio  m. ; 
step  of  a  carriage  or  mounting  place 
for  mounting  a  horse.  -at6re  m. ; 
fitter,  -atura  / ;  the  mounting,  getting 
up  of  a  woman's  hair,  dress,  etc. 

M6nt-e  m.  (L.  inons) ;  \.  mountain  ; 
Andare  a  —  Fiascone,  a  punning  phrase 
for  making  a  fiasco  of  something;  - 
alle  croci,  the  name  of  a  church  at 
San  Miniato  near  Florence,  called  by 
Michael  Anaelo  the  Bella  villanella  ; 

11  — ,  at  Florence,  means  San  Miniato  ; 
Navigar  a  — ,  to  go  up-stream;  Prov. 
I    -i   stanno  fermi,  etc.,  v.  Montagna. 
2.  Tra  il  Po  il  — ,  la  marina  e  il  Reno, 
L>.   Purg.   14.  92,  between  the   Po,  the 
mountains,  the  sea  and  the  Reno,  which 
last  is  a  tributary  on  the  right  bank  of 
the   Po  ;    this    describes   the   territory 
known  as  the  Roma^na.    3.  —  Citorio, 
or  as  one  word  Montecitorio,  the  par- 
liament  house   in    Rome.     4.    Monte- 
domini,  the  name  of  an  almshouse  at 
Florence.     5.  heap;  Carico  a — ,  cargo 
in  bulk  ;  Un  —  di  sassi,  or  — ,  alone, 
heap    of    stones    for    road -mending  ; 
Spezza  tre  -i  al  giorno,  he  breaks  three 
heaps  of  stones  per  day  ;    Fare  un  - 
d'  ossa,  hyperb.  or  iron,  said  of  a  person 
who  is  threatening  terrible  things  with- 
out really  meaning   much  ;    Un  —  di 
volte,  heaps  of  times.      6.    In  un  — , 
upside  down,  in  confusion  ;    In  quella 
stanza  hanno  messa  ogni  cosa  in  un  — , 
in  that  room  everything  has  been  turned 
upside  down.     7.  —  delle  carte,  all  the 
cards   that    have  been    played  ;    Ogni 
giocatore   ha   il    suo  — ,   each    player 
keeps  his  own  heap  of  cards  that  he 


has  played.     8.    at  the  game  of  Cala- 
bresella,  —   is  the  cards   in  the   pool 
after  each  player  has  had  his  proper 
number  dealt  to  him;   Vediamo  cosa 
c'  e  nel  — ,  let  us  see  what   there   is 
in  the   pool.     9.    Andare   or  Mandare 
a  — ,  to  stop  the  game  ;    Manca  una 
carta  nel   mazzo   e    bisogna   andare  a 
— ,  the  pack  is  a  card  short,  we  must 
stop  the  game  ;   Vedevo  che  non  era 
un    gioco   leale  e   mandai   a   —    ogni 
cosa,  I   saw  the   game  was  not  going 
to  be  played  fairly  and    I   shut  it   all 
up  ;    and  Jig.,   Andare  a   — ,   to   pro- 
ceed  no   further  (with   any  business) ; 
Pare  che  con  quel  matrimonio  vadano 
a  — ,  it  seems  as  if  that  marriage  is  not 
going  to  come  off;   S'  erano  quasi  ac- 
cordati  ma  ora  hanno  mandate  a  — , 
they  had  nearly  reached  an  agreement 
but  now  they  have  stopped  the  negoti- 
ations ;    Allora    buttiamo   tutto    a   — , 
then    we    drop    the    whole    business  ; 
Mandare  a  —  la  festa,  to  give  up  the 
festivities.      io.    Far   — ,   to    stop    the 
game  and  have  a  fresh  deal ;  Tutt'  e 
due  s'  ha  carte  cattive  :   facciamo  — ? 
we  have  both  got  bad  cards,  shall  we 
have  a  fresh  deal  ?     To  which  a  refusal 
may  be  made,  scherz.,  with  a  play  upon 
the  word  Monte  :    Io  fo  il  piano  or  E  il 
piano  chi  Io  lavora?   I  prefer  the  plain  ; 
or,  in  that  case  who  would  work  in  the 
plain  ?    On  the  oiher  h  md  the  proposal 
may   be    accepted,   scherz.,    with    play 
upon  the  Monte  di  pieta,  v.  infra  (13), 
Io  fo  pieta,  meaning,  with  all  my  heart. 
Also  fig.,  Facciamo  — ,  let  us  drop  the 
proceedings  ;  Ormai  che  ci  s'  ha  a  con- 
fondere  :  tacciamo  — ,  why  have  all  this 
fuss?  let  us  drop  the  whole  matter ;  A  — 
codesti  discorsi !    Let  us  have  no  more 
'  of  these  discussions,     n.  A  —  !  stand- 
ing alone  may  mean,  Let  us  put  this  on 
one  side,  it  does  not  affect  the  question  ; 
A  —  !  Io  so  da  me  che  in  altri  tempi  fu 
un'  istituzione  utile,  ma  oggi  e  dannosa, 
I  grant  all  you  say :  I  know  very  well 
that  the  institution  has  done  good  work 
in  the  past,  but  now  it  is  only  doing 
harm.      12.    Mandare    in    un    — ,  of  a 
single    person,    to    knock    him    down, 
knock  him  into  a  heap;   Se  gli  da  un 
cazzotto  Io  inanda  in  un  — ,  if  he  hits 
him   he  will  knock   him   into  a  heap  ; 
Mando  cavallo  e  cavaliere  tutti  in  un 
— ,  horse  and  rider  all  went  down  in  a 
heap  before  him.     13.  Monte,  or  —  di 
pieta,    municipal    pawn-shop ;    Monte, 
any  other  loan  office  or  deposit  bank  ; 
Monte    Napoleone,    that    founded    by 
Napoleon  I.     14.  —  frumentario,  grain 
warehouse.     15.  —  di  riscatto,  adminis- 
tration of  sinking  funds  for  the  extinc- 
tion of  public  debt.     16.   (hist.}  Luogo 
di  — ,  certificate  of  money  deposited  at 
a  public  loan  office,  now  termed  Car- 
tella  del  debito  pubblico. 

•  i.  Levai  gli  occhi  ai  -i,  D.  Par.  25.  38,  I  lifted 
up  mine  eyes  to  the  hills,  meaning  I  looked  at 
SS.  Peter  and  John.  ii.  L'  elerno  — ,  Dante's 
Purgatory,  iii.  Da  —  a  valle,  (a)  all  over  the  body 
from  head  to  foot,  (ft)  in  every  possible  direction, 
iv.  Far  — ,  of  buildings,  to  knock  them  down. 
v.  Mandare  uno  a  — ,  not  to  care  for  him.  vi.  Porrc 

49 


386 


MONTECITORIO— MORETTA 


a  —  Una  cosa,  to  abandon  it.  vii.  Metter  a  — ,  to 
make  one's  slake,  in  playing,  viii.  public  loan; 
—  redimible,  public  debt. 

tMi  parra  d'  aver  portato  il  sole  a)  — ,  I  shall 
think  I  have  done  wonders,  lit.  pawned  the  sun. 

Montecit&rio  m  ;  v.  Monte  (3). 

Monteddmini  m.;  v.  Monte  (4). 

Montemalo;  a  former  name  of  Monte  Mario 
near  Rome. 

Montepulciano  ;  a  place  in  Tuscany, 
noted  for  its  wine. 

Montiano ;  of  the  poet  Monti  (flor. 
1800). 

*Monticcio  m.\  v.  Molticcio. 

Montic611-0  m. ;  dim.  Monte.  Aff. 
-e"tto  -fno  sub-dims. 

Monticino  m.;  dim.  vezz.  of  Monte. 

*  Montieray^  (Span,  ntontera);  baby's  cap. 

t  Montierini ;  In  the  Pistoian  prev..  La  scorcia- 
toia  de1  — ,  to  which  may  be  added,  che  per  andar  a 
Firenze  passan  da  Prato,  said  of  one  who  takes  a 
longer  road  by  way  of  making  a  short  cut. 

*  Montimbanco  (Montambanco)  m. ;    mounte- 
bank. 

Montista  HI.;  i.  depositor  at  a 
Monte,  deposit  bank.  2.  official  of  the 
same. 

Montonata  f.;  v.  Montone  (4). 

Monton-cello  dim.,  -cino  dim.  vets.,  of  -e, 
ram. 

*i.  dim.  Montone  (A),  ii.  ram's  skin.  iii.  Viso 
da,  half  vexed,  half  thoughtful,  face. 

Mont6n-e  m.  ;  (A)  augm.  scherz.  or 
iron,  of  Monte,  big  heap. 

(B)  (etym.  dub. ;  three  derivations 
have  been  suggested:  1st,  <  Montare 
q.v.  (5),  2nd,  mil.  miiltoneni  by  synco- 
pation and  metathesis  from  miitilus, 
the  castrated  animal,  cp.  Fr.  mouton, 
3rd,  Celtic  molt,  goat) ;  I.  ram  ;  Trovare 
il  quinto  piede  al  — ,  =  Sofisticare,  to 
cavil.  2.  ram's  skin.  3.  fig.  man  who 
runs  after  women.  4.  Salto  del  — ,  or 
Montonata ;  of  a  horse,  buck-jump, 
when  the  horse  jumps  vertically  up- 
wards, arching  his  back  and  lowering 
his  head  and  rump  so  as  to  jerk  the ' 
rider  out  of  the  saddle.  5.  battering- 
ram.  6.  the  constellation  Aries,  the 
Ram.  7.  an  old  French  coin.  8.  (myth.} 
II  —  del  vello  d'  oro,  the  ram  with  the 
golden  fleece.  Aff.  -ino  adj. 

Montu6s-0  ;  mountainous.    Aff.  -ita. 

Montura/  (Fr.);  (mil.)  uniform. 

Monument-o  »*.;as  E.  Aff.-dt.adj.,  -\r\Qdim. 
Monviso,  Monte  Veso;  a  peak  of  theColtian 
Alps  in  Piedmont. 

Monz6ne;  v.  Monsoni. 
Mops  m. ;  pug  dog. 

M6ra/  (A)  (L.  mora,  v.  Memore); 

1.  delay.     2.  time  of  pronouncing  one 
syllable   in   recitation.     3.    (leg.)  term 
within  which  a  payment  must  be  made. 

(B)  (etym.  unkn.);  i.  the  game  of 
Mora,  which  consists  in  throwing  out 
the  hand  with  one  or  more  fingers  ex- 
tended, and  at  the  same  instant  uttering 
a  guess  at  the  number  they  will  make 
when    added    to    the    number    simul- 
taneously extended  by  the  other  player. 

2.  —  mutola,  dumb  mora,  v.  Mutolo. 

3.  of  mules,  etc.,  scherz.  Giocare  alia  — , 
to  kick.     4.  Prov.  E'  giocherebbe  alia 
—  di  notte,  he  could  play  at  Mora  in  the 
dark,  i.e.  he  is  so  clever  that  he  could 
not  be  cheated  under  any  circumstances. 

(C)  (L.  morum),  pi.  more  or  mora ; 
I.  mulberry.     2.  blackberry,  usu.  Mora 


prugnola.  Prov.  Esser  piu  discosto  da 
alcuna  cosa  che  Gennaio  dalle  more,  to 
be  farther  off  a  thing  than  January  from 
the  mulberry  season.  Le  more  gelse  ! 
mulberries  !  said  when  a  person  makes 
a  foolish  observation. 

*(D)(Span.  moron,  height,  prob.  <Basque  murna, 
hill);  i.  cairn,  ii.  brick  pillar,  tiii.  embankment 
wall  at  Pontremoli. 

(E)  (It.  Moro);  negress  or  Moorish  woman. 

(F)  a  species  offish,  Mora  Mediterranea. 

Moracchibl-o  m.,  -a/.;  dim.  Mor-o, 
-a,  boy  or  girl  of  dark  complexion. 

Moraccbl-btto  ;  i.q.  -olo,  but  also 
used  as  adj. 

MoracciayC;  pegg.  Mora  (C). 

Moraccio  adj.  or  sb.  ;  pegg.  Moro,  darkey. 

Morai61-o,  Murai61-o  (Moraiuolo), 
(It.  moro);  i.  black  (olive).  2.  Morello 
(cherry).  3.  as  sb.,  either  of  the  corre- 
sponding trees. 

*  Moraiuola./;  mulberry. 

*  Moraiuolo  adj.  or  so.',  v.  Moraiolo. 
Morale    (A)    (L.    moralis}',    moral.      As    so.  : 

i.    morals.     2.   (mil.')  temper,  morale. 

*(B)(It.  mora?  v.  supra,  Mora,  D)  plank. 

oral-ista,      -ita,      -iizare,      -izfazione, 


-mente;  v.  -e  (A). 
Morandolayl; 
(129, 
' 


.  -          . 
Morandolayl;  (cot.)  common  bugle,  f.  Erba 


'Moranza/  (bit.   "mm-anlia,<L.    morari); 
habitation. 

*  Morare  (L.  morari);  to  dwell 

Morato  (It  moro);  black.  *i.  =  Merlato, 
battlemented.  ii.  relating  to  morals. 

Morat6rio  (L.);  i.  dilatory.  2.  as  si'.,  mora- 
torium. 

Morbidello  m. ;  (tat.)  lambs'  lettuce,  v.  Favctt-. 

M6rbid-o  or  pop.  Mbrvido  (late  L. 
morbidus,  diseased  ;  the  transition  of 
meaning  to  "soft"  being  presumably 
due  to  the  flabbiness  induced  in  fruit 
by  disease  ;  in  Spanish  morbido  means 
both  diseased  and,  in  painting,  soft) ; 
soft  (hat,  hand,  hair,  bed,  wax,  etc.), 
tender  (meat),  easily  worked  (ground), 
soft  (colouring  in  a  picture),  delicate 
(style  of  writing),  gentle  (as  a  lamb), 
soft -mouthed  (horse),  effeminate,  soft 
(brush).  *=Abboccato,  sweet. 

Aff.  -ame'nte,  -e"tto  dim.  vezz.,  -ezza,  -iccio  (adj. 
or  sb.)  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -one  avffm.,  -6tto  dim., 
-ume  spreg.,  over-soft  stuff,  thick  mud,  too  soft 
pudding,  etc. 

Morbi-fero,  -fico ;  disease  carrying,  producing. 

*  Morbiglione  m  ;  =  Morviglione,  chicken-pox. 

*  Morbilio  m. ;  i.  =  Morbillo.    ii.  scherz.  drunken, 
ness. 

Morbill-o  m.  (It.  morbo) ;  (m?d.) 
measles.  Aff.  -oso. 

*Morbino  m. ;  playfulness. 

M6rb-0  m.  (L.  i/torbus);  l.  disease; 
-  asiatico,  Asiatic  cholera;  —  stand- 
ing alone  often  means  the  plague  ;  - 
gallico,  syphilis  ;  -  -  sacro,  epilepsy. 
2.  bad  smell  surh  as  will  cause  disease, 
e.g.  from  unburied  carcases. 

*i.  —  regio.  King's  evil,  scrofula,  ii.  —  caduco, 
epileptic  fit.  iii.  —  virgineo,  chlorosis,  iv.  —  arido, 
ph'hisis  in  nnimals.  v.  Prov.  II  vero  hi  il  —  in 
casa,  truth  is  shunned  like  infection;  Essere  il  — 
d'  Una  cosa,  existence  of  a  thing  in  great  abundance. 
Aff.  -osamenie,  -osita,  -dso. 

*  Morca  f. ;  =  Morchia. 

M6rcbi-a  (Morca,  Amurca)  /  (L. 
amurca,  <  Gr.  afinpyr),  root  tnerg,  to 
separate,  cp.  Sanskr.  marghmi,  to  wipe 
off) ;  I.  dregs  of  oil,  the  watery  part  that 
flows  out  last  in  olive-pressing.  2.  any 
oil,  or  greasy  kind  of  dregs  or  dirt. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  epithet  of  an  inferior  kind 
of  olive  producing  much  Morchia,  -one  avg»t.t  -6so, 
-ume  spreg.  lot  of  dregs. 


Mordacchia/  (It.  mordere)  ;  I.  (vet.) 
twitch,  a  stick  with  a  hole  in  one  end 
through  which  passes  a  loop  which  can 
be  drawn  tightly  over  the  upper  lip  or 
an  ear  of  a  horse.  By  twisting  the  stick 
the  compression  is  made  sufficiently 
painful  to  keep  the  animal  quiet  during 
a  slight  surgical  operation.  2.  a  similar 
instrument  applied  to  the  mouth  of  a 
man  to  prevent  him  from  crying  out 
when  tortured. 

Mordac-e;  biting.  Aff.  -eme'nte, 
-dtto  dim.,  -ita. 

M6rd-ere  perf.  m&rsi,  part,  morso 
(L.  mordere,  root  smard,  cp.  Gr.  <r/xep- 
SdXf'os,  Sanskr.  mard  bite,  E.  smart)  ; 

1.  to  bite.     2.  fig.  to  profit  at  the  ex- 
pense of  another;   Leccare  non  —  ,  to 
lick,  not  to  bite,  i.e.  to  be  satisfied  with 
a  fair  profit.    3.  fig.  —  il  freno,  to  chafe 
at  the  bit. 

Aff.  -ime'nto,  -Store,  -itura,  -itrice. 

Mordicare  ind.  m6rdico;  (itied.)  to  dry  up  (an 
ulc-.-r),  to  corrode  (the  skin). 

Mordigallinay!  ;  {oot.)  bastard  pimpernel,  v. 
Centonchio  (3). 

Morea/;  ;  (bot.}  i.  the  natural  order  Moraceae, 
including  the  mulberry,  fig,  etc.  2.  Moraea,  a  South 
African  genus  of  Iridaceae. 

Moraccio;  (hot.)  Fungo  —  ,  =  Fungo 
porcino,  mushroom. 

Morfclla/;  i.  (bot.)  (a)  wild  chamo- 
mile,  i1.  Matricale  ;  (b)  common  bugle, 
i'.  Erba  (129,  b)  ;  (c)  common  self-heal, 
v.  Prunella  ;  (d)  black  nightshade,  y. 
Erba  (i  I  bis).  2.  Colore  della  —  ,  livid 
purple.  3.  =Muriella,  flat  pebble. 

Morellina  f.  ;  (bat.)  common  bugle,  v.  Erba 
(129,  t). 

Morellino  adj.  or  sb.  ;   i.  dim.  vezz.  Morello. 

2.  scherz.  a  favourite  Chianti  wine. 


(It.  moro);  I.  neaily  black. 
2.  as  sb.,  in  reference  to  the  colour  of 
a  horse  ;  —  mal  tinto,  smoky  black  ; 

—  gaietto  or  corvino,  a  brilliant  black  ; 

—  bruciaio,  spotty  black.     3.  the  horse 
itself  of  these  colours.     Prn>,  —  senza 
segno  non  te  ne  fidar  col  pegno,  i.e.  a 
spotlessly   black   horse    is   sure   to   be 
vicious.    4.  the  name  of  a  select  Chianti 
wine. 

Mor£na  f.  (A)  (Fr.  moraine,  which 
is<It.  mora,  11.  Mora,  D);  moraine, 
detritus  brought  down  by  a  glacier. 

*(B);=Murena,   lamprey.     t(C);=Marena,   ma- 
raschino. 

Morenico;  v.  Morena  (A). 
Moresca/;  v.  Moresco. 

Mor6sc-o  ;  Moorish.  As  sb.  f.,  -a, 
or  Danza  -a,  Moorish  dance. 

*Moreto  m.  ;  i.  =Gelseto,  mulberry  plantation. 
ii.    seasoning  of  garlic,  onions,  rue,  etc. 

Mor^tta/.  (It.  moro);  i.  Moorish 
girl.  2.  dark-complexioned  girl.  3.  black 
mask,  esp.  that  ol  a  harlequin.  4.  (ornith.) 

(a)  —  or  —  turca,  tufted  duck,  Fuligula 
cristata,  also   termed  Anatra   marina  ; 

(b)  —    grigia,    scaup    duck,    Fuligula 
marila  ;    (f)  —   tabaccata,  ferruginous 
duck,    Fuligula    nyroca,    also    termed 
Colletto,    Tuffetto    tuffatore  ;     (d)    - 
codona  or  pezzata,  Hart  Ida  glacialis  ; 
(e)  =  Balia  nera,  pied  fly-catcher;  (/)  — 
corallina,  =  Gabbiano  coralline,  masked 
gull. 


MORETTACCIA— MORTAMENTE 


3»7 


Morett-accia  pugg. ;  r.  -a  (i)  to  (3). 
Morett-accio  pegs;. ;  v.  -o  (i). 
Morett-ella/;  dim.  of -a  (1)10(3). 
Morett-ina   dim.    of  -a  (i)  to   (3).      'slight 
drunkenness. 

Morett-ino  dim.  of -o  (i). 

Mor&tt-o;  i.  adj.  or  s6.,  dim.  Moro, 
black  man.  2.  as  a  political  term,  sub- 
ordinate, faithful  follower,  "devil."  3.  Ci- 
ligie  -e,  black  cherries.  4.  (ornith.)  black 
redstart,  v.  Codirosso  (2). 

Morett6ne  m.\  (ornith?)  \.  golden- 
eye  duck,  Anas  clangula,  also  termed 
Domenicano,  Quattr"  occhi.  2.  red- 
crested  duck,  v.  Germano  (4). 

*Morfasmo  w/.(Gr.);  an  old  dance  of  ridiculous 
kind. 

Morfea/".  (mlt.  ntorphea);  (med.)  i.  morphew, 
a  scurfy  eruption.  2.  in  pi.  ,  =  Lisci,  white  spots  as 
a  disease  in  a  horse. 

Morfeo  /«. ;  {myth.)  Morpheus. 
tMdrfia  /.   (akin    to    Fr.    morfer,    to    eat,    of 
animals,     Dutch      murfen,     M.H.G.      murf/en)  ; 
mouth. 

Morfinay.  (L.  Morpheus,  god  of  sleep);  mor- 
phia, the  most  important  of  the  principles  contained 
in  opium. 

tMorfire;  to  eat,  v.  Morfia. 

MorfogeniayC  (Gr.);  laws  of  organic  develop- 
ment. 

Morfolog-ia  f.  (Gr.);  morphology,  classifica- 
tion of  forms  of  development,  organic,  grammatical 
or  any  other.  AJf.  -icamente,  -ico,  -ista. 

MorfuSo  m. ;  (?'<•/.)  pain  in  the  sinews. 

Morgana;  Fata  — ,  mirage;  the 
name  is  taken  from  that  of  the  fairy 
Morgana  who  was  credited  with  pro- 
ducing it.  She  was  a  legendary  sister 
of  King  Arthur,  and  pupil  of  Merlin. 

Morganatic-o  (mlt.  matrimonium  ad  tfinr- 
gannticam,  prob.  from  morganatica,  morning  gift, 
a  kind  of  dowry  paid  on  the  morning  following  the 
marriage,  from  O.H.G.  morgan,  morning,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  voc.);  Matrimonio  — ,  marriage  of  a  person  of 
royal  birth  without  the  king's  consent,  which  pre- 
cludes the  family  from  recognition  as  royal  or  fully 
legitimate.  Aff.  -amente. 

*  Morganato  ;  of  noble  appearance. 
Morgante  in.  ;  the  title  of  a  poem  by  L.  Pulci, 

published  at  Venice  in  1546. 

Morgiano ;  name  of  a  variety  of  grape  and 
wine. 

Moria  /  (It.  morire) ;  pestilence, 
including  infectious  disease  in  trees  or 
plants,  or  animals  crowded  together. 

*  i.    Parer  la  — ,  to  look  very  weak  and  ill.     ii.   a 
kind  of  sacred  olive  at  ancient  Athens. 

Moribdndo;  moribund. 

MorlcciayC  (It.  mora,  v.  Mora,  D); 
i.  ruin.  2.  dry  wall  (without  mortar). 

Moric-e,  -i  f.  pt.  (Gr.  atfjoppol?) ;  (metf.) 
hemorrhoids,  piles. 

Moricino  m. ;  dim.  Moro. 
Morigerat-O  (L.) ;   with  good  man- 
ners, well-bred.     Aff.  -ame"nte,  -dzza. 

MorigianayC ;  widgeon,  v.  Fischione  (2,  a). 

Moriglibne  m. ;  (ornith?)  pochard  duck,  Anas 
fertna,  also  termed  Collorosso. 

Morinay. ;  (bot.)  in  //.,  blue  globe  flower,  v. 
Rosellina  (2). 

Morinda  f.  ',  {bot.)  a  genus  of  Ciitchonaceae , 
chiefly  used  for  dyeing. 

Morinello;  Ulivo — ,  v.  Moraiolo. 

Moringe  f.  pi. ;  (bot.)  the  natural  order  Mo- 
ringaceat  of  India,  etc.  The  Moringa  pterygo. 
sperma  furnishes  the  "oil  of  Ben"  used  by  watch- 
makers. 

Morintannico ;  Tannino  — ,  tannin  derived 
from  the  Maclura  tinctoria. 

Mori6ne  m.  (etym.  unkn.,  cp.  Span. 
moron,  height,  Basque  murna,  hill, 
Basque  morra,  cranium);  I.  morion,  a 
kind  of  open  helmet  somewhat  like  a 
hat.  2.  helmet  shell-fish,  v.  Porcella(2). 

Morire  ind.  mu6io  mubri  mu6re  or 
moio  mori  m6re,  moriamo  morfte  mu6i- 


ono  or  moiono ;  perf.  morii  moristi  mori 
or  scherz.  morse,  morimmo  or  more 
usu.  si  mori,  moriste  morirono;  fut. 
moriro  or  morro  morirai  or  morrai,  etc.; 
subj.  moia  ;  imperat.  mu6ri  or  mori  ; 
gerund,  morendo  ;  pres.  part,  moi  ente ; 
part,  morto  (L.  morior)  ;  I.  to  die. 
2.  of  a  lamp,  to  go  out  from  want  of 
oil.  3.  of  sound,  to  die  away;  Non  vi 
pensate  che  gli  muoia  la  parpla  in  bocca, 
do  not  imagine  that  he  will  not  have 
plenty  to  say;  Morir  di  rabbia,  to  be 
speechless  from  rage.  4.  Morir  di 
chechessia,  to  be  deeply  in  love  with 
someone.  5.  At  billiards,  to  lose  one's 
last  life  in  the  game  of  Corda,  a  form 
of  pool,  or  in  the  game  of  Oca,  goose, 
to  reach  the  compartment  marked  with 
a  death's  head.  6.  of  running  water, 
to  end  in  a  marsh.  7.  in  the  compound 
tenses,  to  kill ;  Non  ha  morto  che  due 
quaglie,  he  has  only  killed  two  quails. 
8.  part.  Morto,  v.  infra,  sub  Morto. 

ti.  Sentirsi  —  d'  ogni  bene,  to  find  oneself  desti- 
tute, ii.  Viva  Sant  A16  che  prima  mori  e  poi 
s'  amniald,  bless  St  Alt')  who  died  first  and  was  ill 
afterwards,  said  to  troublesome  children.  *Morirsi 
iii.  to  die.  iv.  to  kill  oneself. 

*  Moritoio ;  mortal. 

Morlacco  ;  of  Moldo-Wallachia,  a 
name  formed  from  Mauro  Vlachi,  or 
Valachi  ;  the  territory  is  now  part  of 
Roumania. 

*  In  Dalmatia  the  Morlacchi  are  the  Slavs  o'f  the 
mountainous   region,    and   Vlachi    means   rustic,    so 
that  Morlacco  came  to  mean  rough,  boorish. 

*Mormeca_/;  blockhead. 

*Mormicca_/!;  i.  i.q.  Mormeca.     ii.  ape. 

*Mormieroso;  affected,  smirking. 

*Mormillo  >rt.\  a  kind  of  fish,  v.  Mormo,  Mor- 
mora. 

t  Mormo  m. ;  v.  Pagello  (3). 

Morm6n-e  m.  ;  i.  Mormon,  follower  of 
J.  Smith,  who  took  the  name  from  that  of  a  fer- 
vent Christian  of  the  fourth  century.  The  Book  of 
Mormon  was  published  in  America  in  1830,  in 
Europe  in  1841.  2.  (ornith.)  puffin,  Mormon 
fratercula.  *  bogey.  AjOf.  -ico,  -ismo. 

tMormorayl;  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  Pagello 
(2)  and  (3). 

Mormoracchiare  ;  to  grumble  a  little. 
M6rmor-are  ind.  mormoro  (L.);  to  murmur. 
Aff.  -atoie,  -atdra,  -atrice,  -(o  freq.  so. 

t  Mormoro  m. ;  v.  Pagello  (3). 

M6r-o  (L.  Maurus) ;  i.  Moorish. 
2.  dark-complexioned.  3.  I  quattro  -i, 
a  statue  at  Leghorn.  4.  as  sb.,  dark- 
coloured  animal.  5.  Tabacco  — ,  or 
simply  — ,  negro-head.  6.  —  fiorentino, 
a  variety  of  vine.  7.  (hot.}  (a)  =  Gelso, 
mulberry  tree ;  (b)  -  -  di  macchia,. 
bramble,  v.  Rovo  (2);  (c)  —  nero  co- 
mune,  black  mulberry  tree,  Morus 
nigra ;  (d)  -  -  rosso  americano,  red 
American  mulberry  tree,  Morus  rubra  ; 
(e)  —  de'  tintori,  dyers'  fustic  wood, 
Madura  tinctoria,  also  termed  Legno 
giallo.  8.  (mar.}  Testa  di  — ,  Turk's 
head,  a  knot  of  turban-like  form  worked 
on  a  rope  with  a  piece  of  small  line, 
t  skate  (fish),  v.  Razia  (A,  2). 

*  Moroc6mio  nt.  (Gr.  ^tupos,  KO^LCII/);  mad-house. 
Moroid-e  or  -\f.pl. ;  (tned.)=  Emorroidi,  piles. 

Af.  -ale. 

*  Morola  f. ;  mulberry. 
Morone  m. ;  a  variety  of  vine. 

*  Moropetino  in. ;  a  gold  coin. 

Mor6so;  i.  of  a  debtor,  behind- 
hand. 2.  =  Amoroso.  3.  a  species  of 
plum. 

*  Morra  f.  ;  =  Mora,  the  game. 


M6rs-a/  (It.  morso);  i.  screw-vice. 
2.  twitch  to  keep  a  horse  still,  v.  Mor- 
dacchia.  3.  nose-ring  for  a  bull,  usu. 
Nasiera.  4.  toothing  left  in  an  un- 
finished wall  for  prolonging  it,  thereby 
differing  from  Addenteilato,  toothing 
left  for  joining  another  wall  at  right 
angles  to  the  first.  5.  (mar.)  -e  fisse  per 
reggere  le  barche  sulla  coperta,  chocks. 

Morsaio  in. ;  bit-maker. 

Morsarell-o,  Morser&ll-o  m. ;  dim. 
Morso,  morsel.  Aff.  -fno  sub-dint. 

Morsecchiare ;  v.  Morsicchiare. 

Mors611-o  in. ;  i.  dim.  Morso,  morsel. 
2.  (mar.)  common  sennit,  flat  braid. 
AJf.  -fno  dim.  vezz. 

Morse'tt-a  /;  dim.  Morsa.  Aff. 
-ma  dim.  vezz. 

Morse'tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Morso. 

2.  small  screw-vice. 

Morsic-are  ind.  m6rsico ;  dim.  of 
Mordere,  usu.  of  the  bites  of  insects, 
but  also  of  those  of  dogs,  etc.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Mors-icchiare,  -ecchiare;  freq.  of 
-icare.  Aff.  -icchiatura. 

Morsino  m.;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Morso, 
bite,  e.g.  a  baby's  bite.  2.  dim.  Morso, 
bit  for  a  pony. 

M6rs-0  m.  (L.  morsus);  i.  a  bite; 
Provare  il  —  del  lupo,  to  have  a  wolf's 
experience  in  feeding,  i.e.  to  suffer 
hardships  and  hunger ;  Fare  a  -i,  of 
persons  quarrelling,  to  bite.  2.  mouthful 
of  food.  3.  —  delle  tanaglie,  jaws  of 
the  pincers.  4.  bit  for  a  horse.  5.  (vet.) 
Di  primo,  Di  secondo,  Di  terzo  — ,  colt 
which  has  shed  its  milk  teeth,  or  its 
second  teeth,  or  which  has  its  per- 
manent teeth.  6.  —  del  diavolo,  (bot.) 
devil's  bit  scabious,  Scabiosa  succisa. 

*  remorse. 

*  Morta  /  ;  old  bed  of  a  river. 

Mortad&ll-a  /  (dim.  <  L.  murtata, 
seasoned  with  myrtle  leaves) ;  Bologna 
sausage.  Aff.  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

*  Mortagghiado ;    murdered    with    a    Ghiado, 
dagger. 

Mort-aio  m.  (L.  mortarium,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Mortar);  I.  mortar  for 
pounding  spices,  etc.  2.  (mil.)  mortar. 

3.  a  kind  of  furnace  for  fusing  metals ; 
—  elettrico,  electric  furnace. 

*  i.  bed  round  an  olive-tree  for  manure,     ii.  vessel 
for  soaking  leather. 

Aff.  -aietto  dim.,  -aino  dim.  vezz.,  -aione 
augtti.,  -aiuccio  dim.  spreg. 

Mortal-e  (L.  mortalis) ;  mortal  (in 
all  senses).  Salto  — ,  complete  sum- 
mersault. In  playing  billiard  pool  - 
is  the  player  who  has  already  lost  two 
lives  (occhi),  or  in  another  form  of 
billiards  has  two  Bilie  against  him. 

*  =  Mortaio,  mortar.     Aff.  -ita,  -me"nte. 

Mortale"tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Mortaio, 
esp.  the  small  mortar  used  for  firing  a 
feu-de-joie.  2.  —  della  pompa,  lower 
pump-box. 

Mortamdnte ;    Occhi  rappresentati 
troppo  — ,  eyes  made  too  death-like. 
49—2 


388 


MORTARETTO— MOSCHETTERIA 


Mortaretto  m. ;  pop.  for  Mortaletto. 
*  Mortaria  /. ;  =  Mortalita,  mortality. 

Mortasare;  to  mortise. 

M6rte  f.  (L.,  v.  Marcire);  i.  death;  Parer 
una  — ,  to  look  like  a  skeleton.  2.  (w<ir.)=Bigotta 
a  canali,  a  sort  of  dead-eye. 

Mortell-a  (Mortino,  Moriina)/.  (L. 
murtus,  through  dim.  murfellus,<Gr. 
fivpros);  (dot.)  i.  myrtle,  Myrtus  cow- 
munis.  2.  -  cerifera,  candleberry 
myrtle,  Myrica  cerifera.  3.  -  bra- 
bantica,  sweet  gale,  Myrica  gale.  4.  — , 
or  Mirto,  da  foglia  piccola,  small-leaved 
myrtle,  Myrtus  tarentina.  5.  -  -  di 
padule,  marsh  cranberry,  Vaccinium 
oxycoccos.  6.  —  delle  siepi  salvatica, 
=  Pugnitopo,  butcher's-broom.  7.  - 
romana,  a  large-leaved  variety  of  the 
common  myrtle. 

Aff.  -etta,  -fna  dims.,  -one  rtK£7».,  =  Mortella 
romana,  v.  Mortella  (7). 

*  Mortja/l  ;  salted  provisions. 
*Morticcio;  decomposed. 

*Morticinio  m. ;  fine  paid  by  the  heir  to  the 
feudal  lord  on  succeeding  to  an  estate. 

Morticin-o  m.,  -a/;  dim.  Mort-o, 
-a,  dead  child.  Saperci  di  — ,  when  a 
sick  person  emits  a  corpse-like  odour. 

*Carne  or  Lana  -a,  taken  from  an  animal  that 
died  a  natural  death.  Legname  — ,  wood  from  a 
tree  that  fell  of  itself. 

Mortifer-o  ;  death-dealing.     Aff.  -amente. 

Mortific-are  ind.  murtifico;  i.  lo  vex.  2.  to 
anaesthetize  locally.  3.  (feel.)  to  mortify ;  -arsi 
(filed.)  to  mortify. 

*i.  to  kill  (plants),  ii.  to  pound  up  (mercury) 
with  other  things,  iii.  to  deaden  (colours,  or  the 
polish  of  metal),  iv.  -ato.  condemned  to  death. 

Aff  -atamente,  -azioncella  (dim.  -aziutie),  -azione. 

*  Mortiguo;  deathly  pale. 

*  Mortin-a/;,  -o  in.  ;—  Mortella,  myrtle. 

*  Mortinet-o  /«.,  -a  /  ;  myrtle  grove.     Le  -e,  a 
hill-side  on  the  road  from  Florence  to  Chianti  covered 
with  myrtle. 

•Mortito  m. ;  a  kind  of  jelly  made  with  myrtle 
berries  in  it. 

M6rt-o;  i.  dead.  2.  Terreno  — , 
barren  soil.  3.  Stagione  -a,  dead 
season,  when  no  business  is  going  on. 
4.  scherz.  11  fiasco  e  — ,  the  bottle  is 
empty.  5.  Palco  — ,  intermediate  floor, 
that  which  is  between  two  floors. 

6.  Taglio    — ,  =  ottuso,    a    dull    edge. 

7.  II  giorno  dei  -i,  or  I  -i,  the  2nd  of 
November,  AH  Souls'  day.     8.  La  co- 
rona dei  -i,  the  backbone  in  thin  people, 
more  usu.   1   paternostri  nella  schiena. 

9.  Naso   da   — ,    nose   nearly   absent. 

10.  Far  lume  a'  -i,  to  prepare  a  candle 
for  All  Souls'  day.      u.   Kammentar  i 
-i  a  tavola,  to  recall  the  dead  at  table, 
i.e.    to    make    unseasonable    remarks. 
12.  II  —  e  sulla  bara,  the  body  is  on 
the  bier,  i.e.  the  case  is  clear;  Metier 
il  —  sulla  bara,  to  decide  the  case.    13.  II 
— ,  scherz.  hoard  of  money.     14.   II  - 
mangia  il  vivo,  i.e.  the  goods  unsold 
take   off    the   profit    from    those   sold. 
15.    at  cards,  dummy.     16.    Corpo  — , 
(mar.}  =  Gavitello,  buoy. 

*i.      Foco    — ,    a    caustic     that    burns    slowly. 

11.  Capelli -i,  false  hair.     iii.  Gaggio  — ,  lost  capital, 
iv.  Selva  -a,  firewood,     v.   L'  ufficio  dei  -i,  a  funeral, 
vi.  Guardare  il  — ,  to  stand  without  speaking. 

*Mortoriante  m. ;  =  Mortuario. 

Mortdrio  m. ;  funeral  procession. 
Un  —  continue,  a  depressing  person  ; 
=  E.  a  walking  funeral. 

*i.  heap  of  dead.    ii.  monument. 

Mortuari-o;  i.  mortuary  (vestments, 
chapel,  etc.).  2.  assb.,  member  of  a  guild 


of  mercy  for  providing  decent  burial  for 
the  poor,  such  as  the  Misericordia  at 
Florence.  Fede  -a,  death-bed  promise. 

*Morturiere  ;«.  (Fr.  meurtrier);  murderer. 

M&rva  /  ;  (vet.')  glanders,  also 
termed  Farcino. 

Etym.  Fr.  morve,  cf.  Proven?,  morvo,  perhaps 
<  L.  morbus.  But  Proven$al  also  has  variants 
vormo,  gormo,  with  which  cp.  Span,  mnermo, 
Portug.  mormo  ;  these  forms  suggest  kinship  with 
Fr.  gourtne,  strangles,  a  word  of  northern  origin, 
v,  Skeat,  sub  Gourmand. 

Mdrvido,  and  derivatives;  v.  Morbido,  soft. 

Morvigli6ne  m.  (bit.  ** morbilio,  < 
L.  morbus} ;  i.  chicken-pox,  v.  Varicella. 
2.  measles  in  swine. 

l/Lbsa,/. ;  the  river  Meuse. 

Mosaicista  in.  :  worker  in  mosaic. 

Mosaico  (A)  (mlt.  mosaicu»t  sc.  op*s,  for 
musaicum,  <  L.  musivutn  or  museum,  =  Gr.  /ion- 
ffeiof,  Muses'  work);  — }  or  Musaico,  mosaic. 

(B);  of  Moses,  Mosaic. 

Mosaismo  m. '.  the  Mosaic  dispensation. 

M6sca/  (A);  (geogr.)  Moscow. 

(B)  (L.  musca);  i.  fly;  Esser  una 
—  senza  capo,  to  be  a  fly  with  no  head, 
i.e.  thoughtless;  Non  lasciarsi  posar 
mosche  sul  naso,  not  to  allow  flies  to 
be  placed  on  one's  nose,  i.e.  not  to 
submit  to  bullying.  Similarly,  Sapersi 
levare  le  mosche  d'  intorno,  Aver  la  — 
al  naso,  to  be  cross ;  Montare,  Saltare 
la  —  ad  uno,  to  become  cross  ;  Restar 
con  un  pugno  di  mosche,  to  remain 
with  a  handful  of  flies,  i.e.  to  get  nothing 
where  one  expected  much ;  —  bianca, 
white  fly,  i.e.  rare  thing;  in  pi.  Mosche 
bianche  means  snow ;  Zitto  e  — !  or, 
alone,  Mosca !  hush !  —  cieca,  blind 
man's  buff ;  Menare  a  —  cieca,  to  fling 
one's  blows  about  at  random.  2.  a 
small  spot  on  a  horse's  coat.  3.  the 
"patch"  of  black  taffeta  which  fashion- 
able ladies  once  placed  on  their  checks. 
4.  goatee  beard  between  the  chin  and 
lower  lip.  5.  —  di  Milano,  a  vesicating 
ointment.  6.  Ala  di  — ,  the  fine  tough 
paper  used  in  repairing  torn  pages  of 
valuable  books.  7.  Uccello  — ,  hum- 
ming-bird. 

ti.  Mosca  !  Far  —  !  hush  !  ii.  Fare  il  passo,  or 
il  giro  ilella  — ,  to  go  away.  *iii.  Frate  — ,  a  term 
applied  by  St  Francis  to  a  tiresome  brother,  which 
became  general  amongst  them. 

Moscadell-o  (Moscatello)  (It.  mos- 
cado);  i.  muscatel  (vine,  or  grape). 
2.  scherz.  (wine)  full  of  flies.  3.  (fruit 
of  any  kind)  with  a  muscat  flavour. 

Aff.  -ato  with  a  muscat  flavour,  •e'tto,  -iuo  dim. 
scherz. 

Moscad-o.  Moscat-o  (mlt.  moscha- 
tus,  <  L.  tnuscus,  musk) ;  with  an  odour 
of  musk.  Noce  -a,  nutmeg.  As  si., 
an  excellent  kind  of  wine,  and,  in  fern., 
the  corresponding  grape. 

*i.  musk.  ii.  the  musk  deer,  v.  Muschio  (2). 
iii,  Saper  di  — ,  of  a  district,  to  have  a  dangerous 
climate. 

Moscaio  »/. ;  swarm  of  flies. 

Moscaibla  (Moscarola)/;  i.  wire- 
gauze  dish-cover  to  keep  off  flies. 
2.  apparatus  for  catching  flies.  3.  fly- 
flap  to  keep  the  flies  from  an  animal's 
head.  4.  sore  infested  by  flies. 

Moscaragno  m. ;  horse-tick,  Hip- 
pobosca  eqiiinn. 


Moscardina  /;  muscardine,  silk- 
worm disease  due  to  infection  of  the 
worms  by  a  fungus,  the  Botrytis  bas- 
siana.  The  name  is  derived  from  the 
resemblance  of  the  dead  silkworm  to 
the  pastille,  Moscardino. 

Moscardlno  m.  (A)  (It.  muschio); 
i.  young  fop.  2.  =  Eledone,  a  genus  of 
cephalopod  with  mu>ky  odour.  3.  a 
species  of  dormouse,  M  '  uscardinus  avel- 
lanarius.  *pastille  for  sweetening  the 
breath. 

(B)  ;  dim.  Moscardo,  sparrow-hawk. 

Moscardo  m.  (It.  mosca,  from  the 
speckled  appearance  of  the  breast,  as  if 
dotted  with  flies,  v.  Moschetto);  sparrow- 
hawk,  v.  Sparviere. 

Moscare  ind.  m6sco  (It.  mosca)  ;  to 
put  patches  on,  v.  Mosca  (3). 

*  to  drive  away  flies. 

*  Moscarino  m.  ;=Moscerino,  midge. 

*  Moscarolay!  ;  v.  Moscaiola. 
Moscarudlo;   Sorcio  —  ,   the  Russian  musk- 

rat,  desman,  Myogaie  muschata. 

Moscatellina  f.  •  (bot.)  tuberous  mpschatei, 
Adoxn  ntoschatellina,  also  termed  Dentaria. 

Moscatell-o,  -ato;  v.  Moscadell-o,  -ato. 

Moscato  (A);  v.  Moscado  (i)  and 
(2).  (B)  ;  of  a  horse's  coat,  marked 
with  black  spots  like  flies. 

*Ass£.  :  i.  =  Muschio,  musk.     ii.  dirt. 

*  Moscavoliere  ;  grey  like  flies'  wings. 

*  Moscelli  ttt.  pi.  ;  (mar.)  thin  cords. 

Moscerin-o.  Moscino.  Moscherino 
(Moscarino,  Mucino,  Muscino)  m.  (all 
these  words  mean  "  midge,"  but  seem 
to  be  derived  from  two  sources,  Moscino, 
together  with  Mucino  and  Muscino, 
being  diminutives  <  bit.  mustio,  v.  Mos- 
cione,  B,  whilst  the  other  three  forms 
are  diminutives  of  Mosca)  ;  midge. 
Acchiappare  i  -i  (usu.  le  mosche),  to 
catch  midges,  i.e.  to  destroy  one's 
energies  on  silly  occupations.  Saltare 
or  Venire  il  —  al  naso,  to  be  disquieted. 
Non  distinguere  I'  aquile  dai  -i,  said  of 
inept  criticism. 

t  Moscetto  m.  ;  owner  of  a  very  small  property. 

Mosch6-a  f.  ;  mosque.     Aff.  -accia 


Etym.  Fr.  m0sy«/e,<SpSin.,  <  Arabic,  v.  supra, 
Meschita. 

t  Moscheggiare    ind.    moscheggio;    to    be    a 
"  bravo,"  brigand. 

Moscher^ccio  ;  consisting  of  flies. 

•Moscherello  m.  ;  =  Moscerino,  midge. 

Moscherino  m.  ;  =  Moscerino,  midge. 

*  Moschetay?  ;=Moschea,  mosque. 

Mosch^tta  f.  (A)  ;  dim.  Mosca. 
(B)  ;  (mil.)  a  kind  of  short  dart  used  in 
the  1  4th  century. 

*  i.  =  Moschetto.     ii.  arrow,     iii.  short  knife. 

Moschettaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  Moschetto, 
musket. 

Moschettare  ind.  mosche'tto;  to 
shoot  by  way  of  military  execution. 

Moschettata/  ;  musket-shot. 

Moschettato  ;  speckled  (horse), 
streaked  (wood). 

Moschettatura/;  speckled  marks. 

Moschetteria/  ;  troops  armed  with 
muskets. 


MOSCHETTIERE— MOTACILLA 


389 


Moschetti&re  m. ;  musketeer. 

Mosehettina  /  ;  sub-dim,  of  Mosca 
(i)  and  (4). 

Moscnetto  m. ;  i.  a  kind  of  cross- 
bow used  in  the  I4th  century  for  throw- 
ing short  darts,  Moschette.  2.  the 
larger  kind  of  arquebuse,  fired  from  a 
rest.  3.  the  musket  of  recent  times, 
now  superseded  by  the  rifle.  4.  (ornith.) 
sparrow-hawk,  v.  Sparviere. 

Etym.  bit.  muscfttus,  hawk,  from  the  speckled 
appearance  of  its  breast  as  if  covered  with  flies :  the 
term  was  transferred  to  a  military  weapon  of  the 
nature  of  a  catapult,  and  on  the  invention  of  gun- 
powder  tliis  and  several  other  words  became  the 
names  of  various  fire-arms,  e.g.  Falconetto,  Sacro ; 
the  E.  musket  once  meant  a  hawk,  cp.  O.  Fr. 
mousket,  moscHft,  and  Fr.  mouchtt. 

Moschett6ne  m.  ;  i.  the  large 
arquebuse  used  in  the  i6th  and  i/th 
centuries,  v.  Moschetto  (2).  2.  blun- 
derbuss. 3.  clasp  at  the  end  of  a 
watch-chain,  or  similar  larger  clasp  for 
a  sword  or  musket.  4.  (ornith.}  black- 
tailed  godwit,  v.  Pittima  (B). 

Moschicida;  Carta  — ,  fly-paper, 
smeared  with  poison  to  kill  flies. 

*  Moschile  trt.  ;  nest  of  flies. 

Moschina  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  iron,  of 
Mosca,  fly. 

*  Moschinato  m. ;  a  kind  of  alabaster  with  black 
specks. 

Moschino  m. ;  i.  little  fly.  2.  tire- 
some little  boy,  or  scherz.  allowing  him 
not  to  be  altogether  a  nuisance;  Tu 
se'  un  bravo  — ,  it's  a  nice  little  nuisance 
you  are.  3.  dog  speckled  with  black. 
4.  (hot.}  —  giallo,  bird's-foot  trefoil,  v. 
Tritoglio  (6). 

Mosciame  m.  (Arabic  tnosammed, 
hard  body,  <  mosmei,  solid) ;  tunny-fish 
pressed  and  salted. 

t  Mosciarella   /;    a    preparation  of  chestnuts 
dried  in  their  shells  and  slightly  boiled. 

Moscic6ne  m. ;  =  Moscione. 

Moscino  m.  ;  i.  i.q.  Moscerino, 
midge.  2.  =Amoscino,  plum.  3.  (hot.) 
(a)  purple  clover,  v.  Trifoglio  (i);  (i)  — 
giallo,  bird's-foot  trefoil,  TJ.  Trifoglio  (6) ; 
(f)  —  maggiore,  hare's-foot  trefoil,  Tri- 
folium  arvense;  (d)  —  minore,  Tri- 
folium  alexandrinum. 

Moscio  (cogn.  Provenc,.  mois,  damp, 
Span,  mustio,  sad,<  L.  mucidiis,  musty, 
cp.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Moist,  Musty); 
flabby.  Tasche  mosce,  pockets  without 
money.  Suono  — ,  muffled  sound. 

Mosciollno  m. ;  =  Moscerino,  midge. 

Moscione  (A)  ;  augm.  Moscio, 
flabby. 

(B) ;  — ,  or  Muscione  (bit.  mustio); 

1.  a  species  of  midge  abundant  at  the 
ti  me  of  wine-maki  ng,  Drosophila  cellaris. 

2.  =  Vecchione,   chestnut   dried    in    its 
shell.     3.  horsefly,  also  termed  Assillo. 

M6sco>«.;  i.  musk-deer,?/.  Muschio. 
2.  (hot.)  (a)  —  da  tarando,  reindeer 
moss,  Lichen  rangiferus;  (6)  —  pissi- 
dato,  cup-moss,  •v.  Bicchierino  (3). 

•i.  =  Muschio,  musk.     ii.  =  Muscovita.     iii.  moss. 

*  Moscoleato;  (Sapone)  — ,  scented  with  musk 
and  oil. 


*  Moscolina  /;  dim.  Mosca,  fly. 

*  Moscolo  m, ;  i.  =  Muschio,  musk.   ii.  =  Muscolo, 
muscle,     iii.    elephant's  trunk,     iv.    shelter,   under 
cover  of  which  soldiers  undermined  the  wall  of  a 
besieged  town. 

Moscona  A  ;  augm.  Mosca,  fly. 

Moscdne  m.  (augm.  Mosca);  i.  hor- 
net. 2.  blue-bottle  fly.  3.  fortune- 
hunter,  as  buzzing  round  rich  ladies. 
4.  --  d'  oro,  dung-fly,  the  wings  of 
which  look  gilded,  Scatophaga  ster- 
coraria.  Prov.  Far  la  fine  del  moscon 
d'  oro,  said  of  one  who  will  not  be 
content  with  a  fairly  good  place  and 
ends  in  a  bad  one.  5.  =Topino,  sand- 
martin. 

*  Moscongreco  m. ;  (bot.)=  Musco  greco,  grape 
hyacinth,  Hyacinlhus  muscari. 

Moscovdda/  ;  unrefined  su;jar,  also 
termed  Cassonada. 

M  oscovit a  (Mosco) ;  aiij.  or  sk. ,  Russian. 

M6ss-a  f.    (It.    muovere,    mosso); 

1.  movement.     2.  move,  at  chess,  etc. 
3.  usu.  in  //.  unseemly  words  or  acts, 
proceedings.     4.    gesture.      5.    La    - 
d'  un  discorso,  the  course  of  a  speech. 
6.  —  or  La  prima  — ,  start.     7.  cutting 
the  teeth ;    Cavallo  che  ha  appena  la 
prima  — ,  horse  which  has  only  just  got 
its  first  teeth.     8.   (med.)  —  di  corpo, 
motion.       9.      in    //.,     starting-place. 
10.  Cattive  -e,  false  start,     n.  Dar  le 
-e,  to  give  the  signal  to  start,  or  fig-,  to 
incite;   Pigliar  le  -e,  to  make  a  start; 
Par  quello  che  da  le  -e  a'  tremoti,  i.e. 
he  gives  himself  airs  of  great  importance. 
12.  Stare,  Non  stare  alle  -e,  to  be  able, 
or  unable,  to  restrain  one's  impatience  ; 
Tener  sulle  -e,  to  keep  waiting.     13.  - 
d'  arme,  concentration  of  troops  when 
war    is     thought     to     be     impending. 

14.  (arck.)  beginning,  spring,  of  an  arch. 

15.  (tot.)  shoot. 

Aff.  -accia  ftgg.,  -etta  dim.,  -ettaccia  fegg., 
-ettina  dim.  vezz. 

Mossiere  m.  ;  starter. 
M6sso  ;  part.  Muovere. 

Mossolin-a  f.,  -o  m.  ;  =  Mussolina, 
muslin. 

•Mostacchio    m. ;  =  Mustacchio,    moustache. 
Cosa  co'  mostacchi,  a  delightful  thing. 

Mostacciata  /  ;  slap  on  the  face. 

Mostaccino  m. ;  i.  dint.  vezz.  antifr. 
of  Mostaccio,  dirty  moustache,  mous- 
tache on  a  woman.  2.  blow  on  the 
mouth. 

Mostaccio  m.  (Gr.  ^uora£,  upper 
lip  and  moustache);  spreg.  I.  face,  ugly 
mug ;  Dirle  sul  — ,  to  tell  (a  man)  to  his 
face.  2.  fat  face.  *heavy  moustache. 

Mostacci&l-o  m.  (L.  mustaceum); 
spiced  cake.  Aff.  -dtto  dim. 

Mostacci<5n-e,  m  pop.  Mustacci6ne 
m. ;  i.  augm.  Mostaccio,  fat  face. 

2.  slap  on  the  face.     Aff.  -cello  dim. 

Mostaio;  juicy.  Vitigno  — ,  or 
Mostaio  as  sfi.,  vine  yielding  an  abund- 
ance of  juice. 

Mostarda  f.  (L.  mustum,  mustaria, 
with  Germanic  suffix,  v.  -ardo  supra, 
in  loco);  I.  French  mustard,  ma.de  from 


must  and  flour  of  mustard  with  vinegar; 
Far  venir  la  —  al  naso,  to  make  (a 
person)  angry ;  —  di  Cremona,  mustard 
with  fruit  in  it.  2.  =  Erba  mostardina, 
dittander. 

Mostardiera./ ;  mustard. pot. 
Mostard-inayC;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.     2.  (tot.) 
Erba  — ,  dittander,  ?'.  Erba  (96). 

*  Mostero  m.  ;=Monastero. 
Mostimetro  m. ;  saccharimeter. 

M6st-o  m.  (L.  mustus,  new,  esp.  as 
applied  to  wine) ;  i.  must,  unfermented 
grape  juice;  Andarne  il  —  el'  acque- 
rello,  lit.  disappearance  of  both  must 
and  second  must,  v.  Acquerello  (3),  i.e. 
disappearance  of  the  whole  profit  in 
any  undertaking.  2.  apple  or  pear 
juice  for  cider,  or  that  of  beetroot  for 
making  a  sort  of  spirits.  *wine.  Aff. 
-6so. 

Mdstra  / ;  i.  display.  2.  —  del- 
1'  equipaggio,  (mar.)  muster  of  the  crew. 
3.  Far  — ,  to  make  a  pretence.  4.  An- 
dare  a  — ,  of  a  servant  applying  for  a 
situation,  to  go  up  to  be  seen.  5.  sample; 
Questa  ela  —  e  questa  la  balla,  said 
when  a  shop  has  nothing  in  store  be- 
yond the  sample  shown.  6.  -  -  di 
bottega,  show-case.  7.  dial-plate  of  a 
watch.  8.  Reverse  of  a  cloth  turned 
back  on  a  sleeve,  etc.  9.  band  of  white 
round  the  frame  of  the  opening  of  a 
door  or  window. 

*i.  (mil.)  review,  ii.  in  old  music,  indication  on 
the  last  line  of  a  page  °f  the  note  that  is  first  on  the 
following  page.  iii.  watch,  time-piece,  iv.  Com- 
prare  a  —  aperta,  to  buy  from  a  large  stock,  T. 
Abbellirsi  (4).  v.  Non  capire  nella  — ,  to  be  extra- 
ordinarily fat.  vi.  —  d'  uomo,  man  who  looks  a 
fool. 

*  Mostranza  /  ;  i.    exhibition,     ii.   appearance, 
iii.  =  Ostensorio,  (eccl.)  monstrance,  transparent  pyx 
in  which  the  consecrated  host  is  exposed  to  view. 

Mostr-are  ind.  mostro  (L.  monstrare, 
lit.  to  point  out,  root  mon,  to  warn,  a 
variant  of  men,  to  think) ;  to  show. 
Aff.  -dbile,  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Mostrav^nto  m. ;  vane. 

Mostreggiato ;  furnished  with  Mos- 
treggiature. 

Mostreggiatura  / ;  i.  facings  of  a 
coat.  2.  =Manopola,  coat-sleeve. 

*  Mostrice .///.;  chains  placed  upon  the  heads 
of  oxen  to  control  them. 

Mostricina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  Mostra, 
little  sample. 

Mostricfno  m. ;  dim.  non  spreg.  of 
Mostro.  Una  figliola  che  e  un  vero  — , 
a  girl  who  is  simply  huge. 

Mostrfno  /«.;  i.  the  small  dial  on 
a  watch  face  for  the  second  hand. 
2.  the  small  plate  which  shows  the 
position  of  the  regulator. 

Mostr-o  m.  (L.,  v.  supra,  Mostrare) ; 
monster  in  all  senses,  as  in  English. 
Aff.  -uosamente,  -uosita,  -u6so. 

M&t-a  /  (A)  (var.  of  Malta) ;  mud. 
Pezzo  di  — ,  contemptible  person. 

*Dar  nel  fango  come  nella  — ,  lo  go  into  mire  as 
into  mud,  i.e.  to  speak  without  distinction  of  great 
and  small. 

*(B)  (M.H.G.  motjan,  to  meet);  assembly. 

AJf.  .azci&pegg.,  -accio  deep  mud,  -erello  dim.. 
-icchio  dim.  pegg. 

Motacilla  /  (L.);  (ornith.)  wagtail, 
v.  Cutrettola. 


390 


MOTELLA— MUFFA 


Motella  f.  ;   rockling  or  whistle-fish,  Motella 
coittmunis,  locally  termed  Sorzo,  Mou.slella,  Musdea, 
Mamma  de  triglie,  Mustedda. 
*Motiva_/;  cause,  origin. 

Motivate ;  to  set  out  the  reasons  of. 
*to  mention. 

Motivazione  /;  i.  vbsb.  of  Moti- 
vare.  2.  in  book-keeping,  narration. 
v.  Fatto  (15). 

Motiv-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  i.  motive. 
2.  (leg.)  reason  for  a  judgment. 

*i.  origin,  ii.  Dare  — ,  to  inform,  iii.  commo- 
tion, iv.  attack  (of  fever),  v.  as  adj.,  apt  to  move 
or  be  moved. 

Aff.  -Ino  dim.  vezz.,  -one  augtn. 

M6to  m.  (L.  motus);  i.  movement. 
2.  emotion.  3.  commotion.'  4.  Far  — , 
to  take  exercise. 

Mot6re  /«. ;  as  E.     Aff.  Motrice. 

Motdri-o  :  Musica  -a,  lively  music.  Azione  -a, 
motor  nerve  action.  Coiumedia  antica  -a,  that  which 
required  a  movable  chorus. 

Mot6so  (It.  mota) ;  muddy. 
Motriglia  /  (strengthened  from  It. 
mota);  slime. 

tMotriglio  m.  ;=  Motriglia. 

*Mottay^  (a  word  found  in  German  dialects,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Moat);  =  Smotta,  land-slide  or  result  of 
an  old  land-slide.  —  di  sasso,  fallen  rock. 

Mottegg-iare  ind.  motte'ggio  (It. 
motto) ;  to  jest,  or  tr.  to  make  game  of. 

Aff.  -eVole,  -evolmente,  -iamento,  -iatore,  -iatrice, 
-io  banter,  -to/rey.  continual  banter. 

Mottetto m.;  i.  dim.  Motto.  2.  short 
piece  of  poetry.  3.  (mus.)  motet,  Latin 
words  set  to  sacred  music. 

Mbtto  m.  (L.  muttum,  word,  <  L. 
mutire,  to  speak  low,  root  tnu,  to  murmur 
with  closed  lips)  ;  I.  epigram.  2.  Far 
— ,  Non  far  —  a  uno,  to  speak,  or  not 
to  speak  to  him;  Far —  presso  i  capi,  to 
apply  to  the  principal  people  ;  Fa'  —  a 
casa  e  mi  ci  troverai,  look  at  home  and 
you  will  find  it  is  as  I  say;  Gettare  un 
— ,  to  make  a  facetious  remark. 

*i.  word;  Accennare  un  — ,  to  say  something; 
Non  far  —  ne  totto,  to  keep  very  quiet,  ii.  moment. 

Motuproprio ;  two  Latin  words  em- 
ployed in  Italian  as  adv.  or  si>.  II  papa 
lo  fece,  — ,  cardinale,  the  Pope  of  his 
own  motion  made  him  a  cardinal.  I 
motupropri,  the  decrees,  viz.  of  a 
sovereign  prince. 

tMounge;  v.  Notidano. 
tMourre  agut  m. ;  v.  Carace. 
t  Moustfellay". ;  i.  — bruna,  =  Fico  mediterraneo, 
forked  hake.    ii.  v.  Motella. 
*Movecay.  ;  blockhead. 

MovenzayC;  i.q.  Movimento,  grace- 
ful movement,  in  reference  to  the  elegant 
arts.  Dare  alle  ottave  miglior  — ,  to 
give  more  movement  to  the  octaves, 
i.e.  the  stanzas,  the  poetry.  Non  sa 
dar  rilievo,  — ,  alle  sue  figure,  he  can- 
not put  any  life  or  movement  into  his 
figures. 

M6v-ere,  Mu6v-ere  ind.  Movo  or 
Muovo,  imperf.  movevo,  perf.  mossi 
move'sti,  part,  mosso  or  *moto  (L. 
movire,  cp.  Sanskr.  miv,  to  move,  Gr. 
a/iei'$o>,  to  change)  ;  I.  to  move.  Of  a 
calf,  — ,  to  cut  its  teeth.  In  music,  Piu 
mosso,  quicker.  2.  —  una  fabbrica,  to 
begin  the  construction  of  a  building. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

M6xa  f.  (Japanese  mongsa);  (med.)  a  soft 
woolly  mass  prepared  from  the  young  leaves  of 
Artemisia  Cttirtensis,  and  used  as  a  cautery  by 


burning  it  on  the  skin,  hence  any  substance  used 
in  like  manner,  as  cotton  impregnated  with  nitre, 
amadou. 

Mozidney; ;  motion.    *i.  monsoon,    ii.  tumult. 

*  Mozza  /. ;  a  kind  of  small  cheese. 

Mozz-are  ind.  mozzo  (v.  Mozzo) ;  to 
cut  off  (a  limb),  to  lop  (a  branch  or  a 
dog's  tail,  etc.),  to  take  away  (one's 
breath).  Aff.  -amento,  -at6re. 

Mozzatura  / ;  i.  lopping,  i.e.  the 
part  lopped  off;  -  -  di  sigaro,  the 
pointed  end  cut  off  a  cigar,  v.  Mozzo 
(B).  2.  the  supports  of  a  bell  as  a 
whole,  i.e.  the  ears  of  the  bell  itself  and 
the  parts  of  the  frame  on  which  they 
rest,  ?/.  Mozzo  (3). 

Mozz&tta  f.  (It.  mozzare);  i.  (eccl.) 
a  sort  of  flap  in  the  dress  of  a  bishop, 
reaching  from  the  neck  to  the  elbow,  of 
various  colours  according  to  the  dignity 
of  the  wearer  and  the  office  he  is  per- 
forming. 2.  a  similar  part  of  the  dress 
of  a  pilgrim.  3.  a  short  thick  plank. 

Mozz6tto  m.  (dim.  Mozzo);  i.  half- 
high  boot  (usu.  Tronchetto).  2.  small 
piece  of  metal,  stump  of  a  candle,  etc. 

*i.  handle  of  the  scoop  for  charging  a  cannon. 
ii.  as  adj.,  Pennello  — ,  v.  Mozzo,  adj. 

*  Mozzicare  ;=  Smozzicare,  to  lop  oft. 

*  Mozzicoda ;  docked. 

Mozzic6n-e  m. ;  stump.  Aff.  -cdllo 
-cfno  dims. 

Mozzfno  w.  (A.) dim.  Mozzo;  (print.) 
side  only  half  printed. 

*(B)  (Venetian  mucina,  <  Mucia,  for  Micia,  cat 
pretending  to  be  dead)  crafty. 

M6zz-o,  with  the  o  of  the  first 
syllable  "close,"  (A)  m. ;  i.  boy  on 
ship-board.  2.  groom,  stable-helper. 
*menial  servant. 

Etym.  Span,  mozo,  lad,  <  L.  mustns,  young, 
v.  Mosto;  cp.  Proven^,  mas,  Fr.  mousse,  both  = 
cabin-boy  or  stable-boy,  Span,  moza,  girl. 

(B)  adj. ;  cut  short,  docked,  -a  la 
barba,  with  the  beard  clipped.  (Pira- 
mide)  -a,  truncated.  Pennello  — ,  short 
squirrel's  hair  brush,  blunted  at  the 
point.  Guanto  — ,  glove  with  the 
fingers  cut  off. 

*i.  unaccomplished,  D.  Inf.  9.  95.  ii.  separated, 
D.  Purg.  16.  15.  iii.  Lettere  -e,  contracted  writing, 
D.  Par.  19.  134.  iv.  Bocca  -a,  =  Lernia,  fastidious 
person,  v.  Via  -a,  short  cut. 

Etym.  dub. ;  the  ultimate  root  is  probably  that 
common  on  the  one  hand  to  L.  mut'ilus  and  on  the 
other  to  Dutch  mots.  Germ,  miitz,  both  meaning 
"docked,"  but  whether  the  proximate  source  of  the 
Italian  word  is  Latin  or  Germanic  it  is  impossible  to 
say.  Taking  the  root  to  be  as  suggested,  the  primary 
Italian  word,  if  formed  out  of  Latin,  might  be  either 
(i)  the  verb  Mozzare,  to  dock,<a  bit,  form  **  mutiare 
(Mozzo  being  then  a  syncopated  participle),  or  (2)  the 
adjective  Mozzo,  <  bit.  mutius,  a  form  occurring  as 
a  proper  name,  e.g.  in  Q.  Mutius  Scaevola;  if  on 
the  contrary  the  derivation  is  Germanic,  the  primary 
Italian  word  would  clearly  be  the  adjective  Mozzo. 

M6zzo,  with  the  o  of  the  first  syllable 
"open,";«. ;  i.  nave  of  a  wheel.  2.  boss 
of  a  piston,  steamer's  screw,  or  the  like. 
3.  stout  piece  of  wood  in  a  belfry  to 
which  the  bell  is  attached.  4.  the  part 
of  a  bellows  to  which  the  nozzle  is  fitted. 
5.  in  charcoal-burning,  short  billet  of 
wood  thrown  in  to  keep  the  fire  going. 
*lump. 

Etym,  L.  modiolus,  nave  of  a  wheel,  originally 
the  bucket  of  a  water-wheel,  dim.  of  modius,  a 
measure  for  corn,  root  med,  to  measure,  v,  supra, 
Meditare,  etytn.  The  actual  Italian  word  is  there- 
fore an  apocope  from  an  earlier  **M6zzolo.  In  the 


obsolete  sense  of  "lump"  it  is  possible  that  the  word 
belongs  to  Mozzo  (B)  and  had  the  o  close. 

*  Mdzzolo  m.  (dim.  of  Mozzo,  B);  clod. 

Mozz6ne  m.  (It.  mozzo,  B,  the  suffix 
not  having  its  usual  augmentative  force); 
=  Sverzino,  lash  of  a  whip. 

Mdzzore'ccbi  in.  (It.  mozzo,  B,  + 
orecchio) ;  i.  cropped  horse  or  dog. 
2.  pettifogger.  *trickster. 

*  Mucaiardo  m.  ;  =  Mocaiardo,  hair-cloth. 

Mucca  f.  (cogn.  Lombard  dial. 
iiiugra,  Ticino  valley  dial,  molgia,  forms 
which  point  to  L.  tnulgere,  so  that  Mucca 
is  prob.  <  L.  mulcta,  f.  pass.  part,  of 
mulgere,v.  Mungere);  milch  cow.  The 
term  formerly  meant  a  Swiss  cow. 
Prov.  Anche  le  mucche  nere  danno 
il  latte  bianco,  i.e.  one  must  not  be 
deceived  by  appearances. 

Muccaio  m. ;  cow-keeper. 

*  Muccare;  var.  of  Mucciare  (B). 

*  Mucceria  /. ;  vbsb.  of  Muccure  (A). 

*  Mucchero  ttt.  (Arabic  word);  infusion  of  roses. 
Mucchi-erello,    -ettino    dims,   vezz.,   -etto 

dim.,  of  -o. 

Mucchio  m.  (A);  heap.  *in  bird- 
snaring,  branch  stripped  of  its  leaves, 
usu.  Fantoccio  q.v.  (4). 

Etym.  dub.  ;  prob.  of  Germanic  origin,  cp.  mlt. 
mutnlus,  bank  of  earth,  Bavarian  mott,  peat-stack, 
v.  Skeat,  sue  Moat.  Or  possibly  <  bit.  **mncttlus, 
formed  by  metathesis  from  L.  cumulus. 

t(B)  — ,  f> r  Ferraccia  mucchiosa,  sting-ray,  v. 
Trigone. 

Mucci  mucci ;  the  ogre's  call  in  children's 
story-books. 

*  M  uccia  ;  excl.  of  amazement. 
*Mucciaccio  ;w.;=Span.  mucliacho,  boy. 

*  Mucciare    (A)    (cogn.    Proven^,    inockar,    Fr. 
moqner,  prob.  springing  from   L.  mvccus,  as  it  were 
"to  blow  the  nose  at");  to  mock  at. 

(B)(M.H.G.  iKjtclteti,  to  act  furtively,  root  mite, 
to  lurk.  cp.  E.  mouch,  mich,  Germ.  Meuchltr, 
assassin);  I.  to  shun.  ii.  to  sneak  off,  D.  Inf.  24.  127. 

Mucco  (Muco)  m.  (A)  (L.,  akin  to 
L.  mungere,  to  wipe) ;  mucus. 

*(B);  ox,  v.  Mucca. 
Mucc6s-a/I ;  mucous  membrane.     Aff.  -ita,  -o. 

*  Mucia  /.  ;-  Micia,  pussy. 

t  Muciaiolo  in.  ;  one  who  steals  a  crop  and  pre- 
tends he  grew  it  himself,  v.  Mucciare  (B). 

Muciatto;  (ornitk.)  Zigolo  — ,  black-headed 
bunting,  v.  Migliarino  (i,  a). 

Mucichino  m.  ;=Moccichino,  handkerchief. 

*  Mucidagliay; ;  rottenness. 

Mucido,  Muscito,  or  pop.  Miicito 
(L.  mucidus) ;  half-rotten  (bread,  meat, 
etc.,  esp.  salt  meat). 

*  i.    rotten,   putrid,     ii.  =  Sbalordito,   silly,    half- 
witted.    As  sb. :   iii.    rotten  stuff,     iv.    dampness. 

Mucillagin-eyl(L.  mucilago);%um.  Aff.  -oso. 
'  Mucino  m.  (A);  =  Micino,  cat.  ( B) ;  =  Muscino, 
midge. 

Muco  ;//.  \—  Mucco,  mucus. 

Mucronato  (L.  mucro)\  (hot.)  mucronate, 
ending  in  a  sharp  point. 

Mucr6ne  m.  (L.  tnitcro);  apex  of  the  heart. 

Muda  /.  (L.  mutare,  cp.  Fr.  mut\ 
E.  mew) ;  4.  moulting.  2.  cage  for 
moulting  birds.  3.  scherz.  prison. 

*i.  change;  Fare  a  — ,  to  alternate,  ii,  relief- 
guard  of  soldiers  or  a  single  sentinel  coming  to 
relieve  another. 

Mudare ;  to  moult,  also  said  of 
horses,  etc. 

Muesino,  Muezzino  »t. ;  Mahomedan  priest 
who  summons  the  faithful  to  prayer. 

*  Mufarone  m. ;  ram's  skin. 

Muff-a/.  (O.H.G.  muff} ;  i.  mould, 
the  fungus  ;  Venir  la  —  al  naso,  to 
grow  angry.  2.  pride.  3.  (paint.)  out- 
growth that  comes  upon  frescoes. 

Aff.  -are  to  become  mouldy,  -etta  dim.,  -ettina 
(dim.  -etta),  -ire  (i.q.  -are),  -osam^nte,  -osita,  -oso. 


MUFFIONE— MUNERARIO 


Muffi6ne,  Miiffolo,  Mufo,  Mufro 
m. ;  the  wild  sheep  of  Sardinia,  moufflon, 
Ovis  musimon. 

Miifola  f. ;  muffle,  an  oven  made  of 
refractory  earth  to  protect  objects  in  a 
furnace  from  damage  by  the  fire. 

Ktym.  Cogn.  Fr.  tnoitflf,  Span,  tnufta,  both 
meaning  a  muffle,  also  a  glove,  <  bit.  tnttjfula,  a 
winter  glove,  of  unknown  origin. 

Mufro ;  v.  Muffione. 

*Mugavero  m.  (Span,  almogavar,  <  Arabic  ill, 
the,  mogavir,  fighter);  i.  pikeman.     ii.  pike. 

Mugellise ;  Prov.  Gallina  —  ha  rent'  anni  e 
mostra  un  mese,  said  of  people,  esp.  short  people, 
who  do  not  look  their  age. 

Muggh-iare,  pop.  Mugliare  (bit. 
**mugttlare,  <  L.  mugire,  v.  Muggire) ; 
to  roar,  to  bellow. 

Atf.  -iamento  -io  vbsbs.,  -Jo/ny.  sb. 

Muggine  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  ntuge,  Span. 
mugil,<L.  mugil,  root  the  same  as  that 
of  mucus,  v.  Mucco);  mullet. 

Species:  i.  — orifrangio,  Mugil  auratus,  lucally 
tertned  Lotregan,  Musano  dall'  oro,  Daurin,  Badigia 
df  oro.  2.  —  calamita,  Mugil  capita,  locally  termed 
Caostello,  Botolo,  Ramada,  Acuccodo,  Baldigare, 
Balilicara.  3.  —  cefalo,  grey  mullet,  Mugil  cepha- 
Ins,  locally  termed  Volpina  (when  young),  Cievolo, 
Mecchiarini,  Mecchiati,  Carida,  Muggine  caparello, 
Cefalo  vero  or  comune  or  mattarello,  Moletta,  Lam- 
pune.  4.  —  chelone,  Mugil  cfulo,  locally  termed 
Bosega,  Ciautta,  I.abru,  Sciorina,  Buosega,  Cefalo 
pietra,  Cefalune.  5.  —  musino,  Mugil  fattens, 
locally  termed  Verzelata,  Flaveton,  Filzetta,  Cefalo 
musino. 

*  Mugginese  ;=  Mugellese. 

*  Muggiolare;  =  Mugolare. 

Muggire  ind.  muggisco  muggisci 
mugisce  or  mugge...  (L.  mugire,  <the 
imit.  root  mu) ;  to  low,  to  roar,  but  less 
forcibly  than  Mugghiare. 

Muggito  /«. ;  lowing,  roaring. 

Mugherino  m.  (a  dim.  akin  to  Pro- 

ven^.  mugue,  referring  to  the  scent  of 

the  flower,  v.  Mughetto);  i.  jessamine, 

Jattmnum  Sambac.     2.  fop.     3.  scherz. 

—  di  monte,  excrement. 

Mughetto  m.  (Fr.  muguet,  a  dim.  < 
Provenc,.  mugue,  <  L.  muscus,  -v.  Mus- 
chio) ;  i.  (6ot.)  lily  of  the  valley,  v. 
Giglio(io).  2.  (meet.)  thrush,  in  babies. 
3.  (vet.)  thrush  in  animals'  feet.  *fop. 

*  M  ugiojare  ;=  Mugolare. 
Mugl-iare,  -io,  -10;  v.  Mugghiare,  etc. 

t  Muglicchiare  ;  freq.  dim.  of  Mugliare. 

M  uglione  m. ;  a  fabulous  monster  whose  roaring 
is  supposed  to  be  heard  in  the  Sienna  district  in  times 
of  dearth. 

Mugnaia/;  i.  millers  wife.    2.  =  Mugnaio  (2). 

Mugnaiaccio  m. ;  (or«<V/i.)great  black-backed 
gull,  Larus  marinits,  cp.  Mugnaio  (2). 

Mugnain-o  m.,  -a./.;  dim.  vezz.  Mugnai-o, 

Mugnaio  m.  (mlt.  molinarius,  v. 
Mulino);  I.  miller;  Affogar  il  — ,  lit. 
to  drown  the  miller,  to  put  too  much 
water,  make  the  paste  too  thin,  in  bread- 
making.  Prov.  Come  I'  asino  del  — 
che  mangia  paglia  e  porta  grano,  like 
the  ass  which  eats  chaff  and  carries 
corn,  said  of  one  who  works  for  other 
people's  advantage  ;  Pesare  colla  sta- 
dera  del  — ,  to  weigh  with  the  miller's 
steel-yard,  i.e.  to  judge  of  things  roughly. 
2.  the  name  given  in  Tuscany  to  certain 
speries  of  sea-gulls,  so  called  from  their 
partially  white  plumage,  v.  Gavina  (A), 


Gabbiano  (3,  _/),  and  Xafferano  (3)  ;  see 
also  Mugnaiaccio. 

*i.  manager  of  a  water-power  for  purposes  other 
than  grinding  corn.    ii.  as  adj.,  belonging  to  a  mill. 

*  Mugnolare  ;=  Mugolare,  to  whine. 

*  Mugo  m.  ;  a  species  of  pine. 

Mugol-are  (Mugiolare,  Muggiolare, 
Mugnolare),  ind.  miigolo  (a  variant  of 
Mugliare,  v.  Mugghiare)  ;  to  whine, 
whimper,  howl.  Aff.  -10  howling,  -6ne 
person  who  whines. 

*  Muina./;=Moina,  caressing  gesture. 


y^;  (A)  i.  she-mule,  sometimes 
also  for  the  male  animal.  2.  Provs. 
(a)  Chi  accarezza  —  buscherk  de'  calci, 
he  who  caresses  a  mule  will  receive 
kicks,  referring  to  benefits  conferred 
upon  the  ignorant  ;  (b)  La  —  si  rivolta 
al  medico,  the  mule  rebels  against  the 
doctor,  i.e.  a  person  may  resent  a  warn- 
ing, or  may  retaliate  for  an  affront  ; 
(c)  Regger  la  -  a  utio,  more  usu.  il 
candeliere,  to  hold  his  mule,  i.e.  to  act 
as  his  go-between  in  an  amour  ;  (d)  Ac- 
qua  alle  -e,  scherz.  i.e.  fill  your  glasses  ; 
(e)  O  pelle  o  —  ,  meaning  that  the  deal 
shall  be  arranged  somehow.  3.  as  adj. 
Api  -e,  working  bees. 

*  i.   Incinghiare  la  —  ,  to  be  sure  of  one's  position. 
ii.    Dare  Una  —  ,  to  whip  a  pupil,     iih    Fare  —  di 
medico,  to  wait.    iv.  (vet.)  -e  traversiere,  ulcerated 
fissures  in  horses'  legs. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  mule,  <  L.  Mullens,  sc.  calcetis, 
red  slipper,  akin  to  mullits,  red  mullet,  v.  Watde, 
sub  Mulleus)',  slipper. 

Mulacchi-a/  (bit.  **  monedulacula, 
dim.  of  L.  monedula)  ;  jackdaw,  v. 
Taccola.  Aff.  -aia  flock  of  jackdaws. 

Mulacci-a  f.,  -o  m.;  pegg.  of  Mul-a,  -o. 
tMulai-o;  Mosche  -e,  v.  Culaia. 

*  Mulare  ;  relating  to  mules. 

Mulattiera;  Strada  —  ,  mule-track. 
Mulattier-e,  -o  m.  ;  muleteer. 

Mulatto  m.  (Span,  mulato,  <  ttiulo,  with  L. 
suffix  .at)',  as  E. 

Mulesco;  mulish. 

*  Mulazzo  w.;  =  Mulatto. 

*  Mulcere;  =  Molcere,  to  soothe. 

Mulcfbero    m.    (L.    Mulciber,    the 
softener)  ;   (myth.)  Vulcan. 
•Mulenda/:;  r.  Molenda. 

Mulett-a/.,  -o  dim.  Mul-a,  -o.  Aff.  -accia, 
-accio,  peggs. 

•Muletti   m.  pi.;   foundlings  of  the   Innocents' 
hospice  at  Florence,  abolished  in  the  i6th  century 
Mulettln-a  /,  -o  m.;  dim.  vezz.  of  Mul-a,  -o. 

*  Muleere  ;=  Mungere,  to  milk. 
Mullaca  /.;—  Meliaca,  apricot-plum. 

•Mulica/;  i.  =  MoIlica.    tii.  bread-crumb. 
tMulicolay:  (L.  molecnla,  i,.  Mollica);  bread- 
crumb. 

Muliebre  (L.,  v.  Moglie);  feminine. 
*Muliere/(L.  tnulicr);  i.  wife.     ii.  lady. 
tMulinaia/;  whirlwind  of  snow. 

Mulinare  ind.  mulmo  ;  i.  to  indulge 
in  idle  fancies.  2.  tr.  to  whirl  round. 

Mulinello,  Molinello  m.  ;  i.  wind- 
lass, capstan.  2.  swivel.  3.  reel. 
4.  mule  for  "throwing"  silk.  5.  fan  in 
a  ventilator  turned  by  the  wind,  toy 
windmill,  made  to  revolve  by  the  air  as 
the  child  runs.  6.  whirlwind.  7.  whirl- 
pool. 8.  Nuotare  a  —  ,  to  swim  with 
the  side-stroke.  9.  the  short  circular 
flight  of  a  bird  before  settling,  io.  whirl- 
ing (a  stick)  round  one's  head.  n.  any 
machine  like  a  windmill  turned  by  an 
agency  other  than  wind  or  river.  12.  fig. 
intrigue.  13.  fig.  La  testa  che  -a  a  —  , 


the  head  all  in  a  whirl.  14.  locksmith's 
gimblet. 

Muline'tto  m. ;  dim.  Mulino. 

Mulino  adj.;  i.  of  mules.  2.  mule- 
backed  (horse). 

Mulfn-o  (Molino)  m.;  with//,  some- 
times Mulina/,  -v.  infra  (2),  (L.  molinus, 
<mola,  millstone,  cp.  Gr.  /tOXi;,  O.H.G 
muljan,  to  grind,  Slav,  melja,  Lith. 
inalu  ;  root  me/,  to  grind,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Molar);  i.  wind  or  water  mill;  Di 
dove  vieni,  vengo  dal  — ,  i.e.  (there  was) 
a  severe  beating;  N'  avea  fatte  tante, 
ma  una  sera  Io  trovarono,  e  di  dove 
vieni  vengo  dal  — ,  he  had  played  many 
such  tricks,  but  one  evening  they  caught 
him  and  beat  him  black  and  blue ;  Pare 
un  —  a  vento,  of  one  who  never  leaves 
off  talking ;  Prendersela  co'  -i  a  vento, 
to  fight  with  the  windmills,  i.e.  uselessly, 
alluding  to  Don  Quixote.  2.  pi.  Mulina. 
This  is  used  in  the  prov.  Arco  da  mat- 
tina  empie  le  mulina,  arco  da  sera  tempo 
rasserena,  a  morning  rainbow  fills  the 
rivers,  ///.  the  mills,  an  evening  rainbow 
is  a  sign  of  tine  weather  returning.  This 
plural  appears  also  in  names  of  streets, 
e.g.  Piazza  delle  Molina.  3.  =  Mulinello 
(3),  mule,  spinning  jenny. 

•i.  Aguzzare  il  — ,  to  eat  with  good  appetite, 
u.  =  Banderuola,  pennon. 

Mullaghera  /;  (hot.)  yellow  vetchling  pea, 
Latkyrus  afkaca,  also  termed  Veccia  lustra,  bas- 
tarda,  or  sterile. 

•Mullo(Mulo)  m.  (L.  w»//aj);  =  Triglia,  mullet. 

Mul-o  m.  (L.  mulus,  akin  to  Gr. 
,vAo£,  stallion-ass);  i.  mule;  Cammi- 
nare  a  —  di  ritorno,  //'/.  to  walk  like  a 
returning,  i.e.  tired,  mule,  to  slouch 

along.     2.    bastard.     3.    Prov.    Ne   

ne  mulino  ne  signore  per  vicino  ne 
compare  contadino,  shun  mules  (which 
kick),  mills  (which  cover  you  with  flour), 
a  grand  seigneur  (who  taxes),  and  a 
peasant  (who  begs  of  you).  Aff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -duo  dim. 

Mul6na./;  augm.  Mula. 
Muldtto  m.;  dim.  Mulo. 

•Mulsa  f.  (L.  mulsa);  honey  and  hot  water, 
hydromel. 

Mult-a/  (L.  multa,  an  Oscan  word, 
further  etym.  unknown) ;  fine,  penalty. 
Aff.  -are  vb. 

Multi-cellulare,  -colire,  -fido,  as  E.;  -flore 
with  many  flowers;  -forme,  as  E. 

Multiloquenza,  Moltiloquenza  _/.;  flow  of 
words. 

Multilbquio,  Moltiloquio  >«.;  loquacity 

Multilustre,  Moltilustre  (L.  lustrum,  period 
of  five  years);  old. 

Multi-paro,  -pgtalo;  as  E. 

Multiplice,  Moltiplice;  (arith.)  multiple 

Multiple,  Mdltiplo  ;  i.  (arittt.)  multiple 
2.  numerous.  3.  multiple  (star).  4.  (pkibs.)  the 
finite  and  multiple  as  opposed  to  the  Infinite  and 
One. 

Multlvolo;  strongly  wishing. 

Muluccio  m. ;  dim.  pegg.  Mulo. 

Mummi-a/.  (Persian  niu»tija,<mfim,  wax); 
mummy. 

*.'•  Preparation  of  spices  forembalming.  ii.  (paint.) 
a  kind  of  pigment,  mummy  brown,  iii.  a  gummy 
liquid  which  exudes  from  embalmed  flesh  when 
heated,  formerly  supposed  to  have  magical  and 
medicinal  properties,  iv.  Far  le  -e,  to  hide  and 
re-appear. 

Aff.  Mummific-are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*  Mund- ;  For  words  with  this  beginning  T.  sub 
Moncl-. 

*  Munerare  (L.  mutterart)',  to  remunerate. 
Munerar-io  m.;  person  who  paid  for  a  gladia- 
torial show.     Libelli   -i,   the  advertisements  of  the 
show. 


392 


MUNGANA— MUSCO 


*Mungana;  Vacca  — ,  milch-cow. 

Mling-ere  (Mugnere,  Mulgere)  ind. 
mungo,  perf.  munsi  munge"sti  ...,  part. 
munto;  i.  to  milk.  2.  fig.  to  extract 
money  from.  3.  part,  munto,  of  the 
face,  pale,  usu.  Smunto.  AJF.  -itdre, 
-it6ra,  -itura. 

Municipal-e;  as  E.     AJf.  -ita,  -mente. 
*Municipe  adj.\   inhabiting  a  city  which  had 
Roman  citizenship. 

Municipiglia ;  v.  Municiporta. 

Municipio  ;//.  (L.,<**  mitiiia,  capio; 
Munia  is  from  the  root  mei,  to  exchange, 
and  meant  professional  functions,  civic 
duties,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Munifi- 
cence); i.  municipality,  local  govern- 
ment authority.  2.  town -hall.  3.  city 
with  municipal  privileges,  in  ancient 
Italy. 

Municipbrta/ ;  pop.  scherz.  Quest'  e 
la  —  e  su  c'  e  il  Municipiglia,  this  is  the 
town  gate  and  above  it  is  the  tax-levying 
town. 


Munificfen-te  ;  as  E.     AJf.  -tem^nte,  -za. 
Etym.     L. ,  v,  Municipio. 

Mun-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <  old  L. 
moenifl,  to  build  a  wall  of  defence,  lit.  to 
surround  with  a  stockade,  root  meie,  a 
stake,?/.  Walde, subMoenid) ;  toprovide. 

Munizi6n-e  / ;  i.  -i  da  guerra, 
munitions  of  war ;  Pane  di  -i,  two  days' 
provisions  given  to  each  soldier.  2.  -i 
navali,  requisites  for  ship-building.  3.  -i, 
powder  and  shot.  4.  -  -  da  caccia 
grossa,  minuta,  del  due,  del  quattro, 
large,  or  small  shot,  shot  no.  2,  no.  4. 
5.  Polvere  di  — ,  military  powder  as 
opposed  to  sporting,  da  caccia.  6.  scherz. 
money  for  travelling. 

*i.  fortification;  Soldati  di  — ,  belonging  to  a 
garrison,  ii.  magazine,  military  store,  iii.  magazine, 
place  for  storing  fuel  for  a  kiln. 

Munizioniere  m. ;  i.  quartermaster. 
2.  contractor  for  food-supply  to  a  navy. 

*Muno  m.  (L.  mimus);  gift,  recompense. 

Munto;  part.  Mungere. 

*  Munuscolo  in.  ;  i.  small  gift.  ii.  fee,  r. 
Incerto. 

tMuon  *«.;  star-gazer  fish,  v.  Uranoscopo. 

Mubvere;  v.  Movere. 

Mur-a  (A)./  (cogn.  Fr.  amttre,  Span,  amura, 
modern  Gr.  jnoupa,  of  unkn.  orig.,  possibly  Arabic); 
(war.)  tack,  rope  for  drawing  the  corner  of  a  sail 
into  position.  Colle  -e  a  sinistra  (destra),  on  the  port 
(starboard)  tack.  For  a  list  of  a  vessel's  tacks  v. 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.  pp.  461 — 466. 

(B);  irreg.  f.  pi.  of  Muro  in  sense  of  city  wall, 
v.  Muro  (10). 

Muracchiare;  dim.  freq.  of  Murare,  to  do 
a  little  building,  by  a  man  not  a  regular  brick- 
layer. 

Muraccio  m.;  pegg.  Muro. 

Muragli-a/;  i.  high  or  long  wall. 
2.  (vet.)  wall  of  the  hoof,  from  the 
coronet  to  the  plantar  margin.  Ajf. 
-one  augm. 

Muraiolo  (A)  m. ;  i.  (ornM.)  wall- 
creeper  (bird),  Tichodroma  >nuraria,a\so 
termed  Cerzia  muraiola,  Picchiodi  muro, 
Picchio  ragno.  2.  in  the  nursery  rhyme 
Dente  dente  — ,  io  te  ne  do  uno  vecchio 
e  tu  me  ne  dai  uno  novo,  said  by  a 
child  as  he  puts  his  old  tooth  into  a 
hole  in  the  wall. 

(B) ;  black  (olive),  v.  Moraiolo. 

tMuraiu&la/:;  (fo<.)=Parietaria,  wall  pellitory. 

Mur-are;  i.  tr.  or  intr.,  to  wall,  or 


to  build  a  wall ;  —  a  secco,  to  build  a 
dry  wall,  i.e.  without  mortar,  fig.  to  eat 
without  drinking.  2.  to  build  into ; 
-ami  quest'  arpione,  build  this  hook 
into  the  wall.  3.  to  wall  up,  to  close 
a  space  where  there  has  been  a  window, 
fig.  -arsi  la  bocca,  to  preserve  an  im- 
penetrable silence.  4.  to  seal  with 
mortar,  plaster  of  Paris,  or  the  like ; 
—  i  tini,  to  seal  vats  hermetically  so  as 
to  exclude  the  air  completely ;  fig.  —  le 
ragazze  in  un  convento,  to  shut  one's 
daughters  up  in  a  convent ;  Pare  -ato 
in  sella,  of  a  good  rider,  he  seems  glued 
to  the  saddle.  5.  —  la  bocca,  to  stop 
(a  person's)  mouth,  either  by  a  blow  or 
by  an  unanswerable  argument.  6.  Mo- 
nache  -ate,  or  absol.  Murate,  nuns 
immured  in  their  cells  receiving  food 
by  a  revolving  table.  7.  Le  -ate,  at 
Florence,  prison,  whether  for  females 
or  males;  Finire  alle  -ate,  to  end  in 
prison.  8.  (mar.}  to  pull  the  Mure,  v. 
Mura  (A).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Murario ;  mural. 

Murata  / ;  i.  (mar.)  internal  side 
of  a  ship.  2.  v.  Murare  (6). 

*  i.  citadel,  keep  of  a  castle,     ii.  —  Muraglia.  city 
wall. 

Murat6r-e  m. ;  i.  bricklayer;  Gior- 
nata  del  — ,  higher  pay,  bricklayers' 
pay  being  higher,  because  their  work 
cannot  always  be  carried  on  and  be- 
cause it  is  risky ;  Levarsi  all'  ora  dei  -i, 
i.e.  early.  2.  Franchi,  or  Liberi  -i, 
Freemasons. 

*Muratorio:  i.  =  Murario.     ii.  v.  Muratore  (2). 
t  Murazzo  m. ;  sea-wall  at  Venice. 
t  Murchio  m. ;  sting-ray,  v.  Trigone. 

•  Murcido  (L-);  indifferent  to  women. 
tMurcidnc,  Pesce  murciotto  m. ;  sting-ray, 

v.  Trigone. 

*Murella.,<;  i.  pile  of  a  bridge,     ii.  low  wall, 
iii.  -  Muriella. 


Murena/  (Gr.  fivpaiva,fem.  < 
further  etym.  unknown);  i.  the  murry 
or  sea-eel,  Muraena  ffelenae.  2.  — 
Strega,  chequered  murry,  Muraena  saga. 

Mur-ettino  sub-dim.,  -etto  dim.,  of -o. 
Muria/i  (L.);  brine. 
Muriatico;  as  E. 

Muriccia/ ;  half-finished,  or  tumble- 
down wall. 

Muricci61-O  m. ;  i.  low  wall  forming 
a  bench  against  an  outside  wall,  or  by 
the  door  of  an  inn,  etc.  2.  parapet 
wall ;  Andare  a  finire  sui  -i,  of  trashy 
books,  to  find  their  way"  to  the  out-of- 
door  second-hand  booksellers.  3.  -i  di 
pietra  dura,  i.e.  obstinate  people.  Aff. 
-dtto  -mo  dims. 

Miirice  f.  (L.  murex);  i.  murex,  a 
genus  of  shellfish.  2.  =Tribolo,  spike. 

Mur-icello,  -icino,  dims,  of -o. 
*  Murido  m. ;  (cftem.)  bromine. 

Muriella/;  i.  the  game  of  hop- 
scotch or  the  disc  kicked  along  in 
playing  at  it.  2.  disc  used  in  throwing 
at  the  Sussi,  q.v. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  marellt,  formerly  tnerelle, 
mlt.  mcrallus,  disc,  of  unknown  origin.  The  u  of 
Muriella  seems  due  to  the  influence  of  the  word  Muro. 

Mnro  m.,  in  pi.  also/.,  v.  infra  (io) 
(L.  muru s,<  old  L.  moiros,  prob.  akin 
to  moenia,  v.  Munire) ;  i.  wall.  2.  Stare 


a  uscio  e  — ,  to  be  neighbours.  3.  Al 
— ,  or  Tra  1'  uscio  e  il  — ,  to  be  in  a  fix. 
4.  —  a  secco,  dry  wall,  built  without 
mortar.  5.  —  divisorio,  or  di  sparti- 
mento,  party-wall.  6.  —  soprammat- 
tone,  of  one  brick  in  thickness,  a  four 
and  a  half  inch  wall,  v.  Mattone  (2) 
and  (3).  7.  -  -  crinale,  the  turreted 
crown  of  Cybele,  often  placed  on  the 
head  of  a  figure  of  Italy.  8.  in  mining, 
the  lower  surface  of  a  vein  of  mineral. 
9.  Prov.  Mai  che  dura  vien  a  noia  alle 
mura,  i.e.  a  long  illness  is  trying  to  the 
patient's  friends,  io.  //.  f.  Mura,  city 
walls,  walls  of  a  fortress  or  outer  walls 
of  a  house.  But,  Quel  giardino  6  cir- 
condato  da  muri,  that  garden  is  sur- 
rounded by  walls. 

Murr-ay^  (L.,<Gr.,  of  Oriental  origin);  an 
ancient  kind  of  stone  for  vases,  etc.,  probably  fluor 
spar.     Aff.  -ino,  murrhine,  made  of  Mnrra. 
Musa/ (A)(L.,<Gr.  MoO<r<i);  Muse. 
(B)  (Arabic  tnoz,  banana);  (bot.)  i.  plantain,  T. 
Fico  (2).     2.   Mela — ,  a  variety  of  winter  apple. 
*(C);=Muso.     Stare  alia  — ,  to  stand  idle. 
*  (D) ;  =  Cornamusa. 

*Musacchino    >«.  ;    armour    for   the    shoulders 
ornamented  with  figures  of  animals. 

Mu&acci-a ,/!,  -o  m.\  pegg.  of  Mus-a,  -o. 
Musagete  m.  (Gr.  novya,  ayw);  an  epithet  of 
Apollo  as  leader  of  the  Muses. 

Musaico;  i.  7.-.  Mosaico.     2.  of  the  Muses. 
tMusano  m.\  —  dall'oro,  mullet,  i>.  Muggine(i). 

Musaragno  m.  ;  =  Museragnolo. 

*Musardo;  musing.     As*£.,  idler. 

Mus-are  (A)  (It.  muso);  Dopo 
quella  bricconata  nessuno  Io  -a  piu, 
since  he  played  that  trick  no  one  will 
associate  with  him.  *to  sniff  after. 

*(B)  (It.  musa);  to  play  the  bagpipe 
*(C)  (either   the   same    word  as   Musare,  A,  i>. 
Skeat,  su6  Muse  sf>.,  or  else  akin  to  Germ.  Mustt, 
leisure);   to   stand   idling,   to   stand   agape.      Part. 
-ante,  as  sb.,  dandy. 

Musar61a/  ;  =  Muserola,  muzzle. 

Musata/;  i.  blow  with  the  snout. 
2.  M'  ha  fatto  una  — ,  he  made  a  face 
at  me. 

Muscari  in.;  (<W.)  grape-hyacinth,  Muscari 
moschatttin. 

Muscarina  f.\  the  alkaloid  of  the  Agaricits 
muxcarius  or  toadstool,  and  in  putrid  fish.  It  is  a 
typical  ptomaine  and  highly  poisonous. 

t  Musceppia/I;  child  that  thinks  itself  clever. 

Muschiato,  pop.  Mustiato  (A)  (It. 
muschio) ;  with  an  odour  of  musk. 
(B)  (It.  musco);  sb.,  mossy  place. 

M  uschini  m.  pi. ;  —  greci,  (*«<•.)=  Musco  greco, 
v .  Musco  (3). 

Miischio  m.  (A)  (L.  muscus,  <  Per- 
sian ntusck,  <  Sanskr.  mushka,  testicle, 
orig.  little  mouse);  i.  musk,  a  reddish 
substance  of  the  consistence  of  honey, 
when  fresh  obtained  from  a  bag  behind 
the  navel  of  the  male  musk  deer. 
2.  the  musk  deer,  Moschus  moschiferus. 

(B);  =  Musco,  moss.  Aff.  Muschioso. 

*  Muscia  f.  ;=  Micia,  pussy.     As  masc.,  Muscia 
cheto  — Gatta  morta,  i.e.  sly  person. 

tMusciaidlo;  living  in  a  wretched  cold  shanty. 

Muscicapa  /  ;  fly-catcher,  the  bird, 
v.  Boccalepre. 

Muscfna  f. ;  plum,  v.  Amoscino. 
*dim.  Muscia. 

tMuscino  »/.;=  Moscerino,  midge. 
•Muscione  /w.;  =  Moscione  ^B),  midge. 

Miiscito ;  =  Mucido,  stale,  tainted. 
Musco,  Muschio  m.  (L.  muscus,  cp 
O.H.G.  mos,  mios,  Swed.  mossa,  Russian 


MUSCOLINA— NACCARO 


393 


mokh}\  (hot.}  i.  moss.  2.  —  islandico, 
Iceland  moss,  Cetraria  Islandica^  a 
species  of  lichen.  3.  —  greco  (Mos- 
congreco),  i.q.  Muscari,  musk-hyacinth, 
Mttscari  moscfiatunt.  4.  —  quercino, 
the  polypody  fern,  Polypodium  vulgare. 

5.  —  arboreo,  a  lichen,  Usnea  barbata. 

6.  —  canino,  Parmelia   saxatilis^   the 
common  lichen  of  almost  every  tree. 

Muscolina  f.;  (ckem.)  the  extract  from  muscle 
termed  in  English  chemistry  syntonin. 

Muscol-o  ;«.  (L.  musculus,  dim.  wwi,  pre- 
sumably from  the  resemblance  in  shape  of  the  biceps 
muscle  to  a  mouse);  i.  muscle.  2.  mussel-shell, 
Mytilus.  *  =  'Moscolo. 

Aff.  -are  muscular,  -atura  system  or  arrange- 
ment of  muscles,  -eggiare  to  portray  muscles,  -etto 
-ino  dim.,  -ogia  description  of  the  muscles,  -one 
augm,,  -osita,  -oso  with  well  developed  muscles, 
-uto  (i.q.  -oso). 

Muscdso;  mossy. 

tMusdea/;  forked  hake,  v,  Fico  (31). 

*  Museggiare  (Tt.  Musa);  to  make  verses. 

Museo  ///.  (L.  museum,  Gr.  /louo-eiov) ;  r.  mu- 
seum. 2.  the  Institute  of  Ptolemy  Philadelphus  at 
Alexandria. 

Museragnolo,      Musaragno      m. ; 

shrew-mouse,  Sorex. 

Muserbla,  Musar61a,  Musoliera/; 

1.  muzzle.     2.  nose-band. 

Mus6tto  m.:  dim.  Muso. 

Musica/!  (I,,  nntsica,  Gr.  fiou<rt«7)) ;  i.  music. 

2.  regimental  band  (usu.  IJanda). 

Music-abile  capable  of  being  set  to  music, 
-accia  pegg.  of  -a,  -accio  Pegg.  of  -o,  -ale  as  E., 
-almente  adv.,  -ante  singer  or  player,  -are  to  set 
to  music,  -hetta  -hina  dims,  of  -a,  -hetto  -hino 
dims,  of  -o,  -ista  professional  musician,  -6ne  or 
-6na  aufiH.,  solemn  music. 

Music-o  m.\  i.  musician.  2.  (kist.)  eunuch ; 
-i  di  quclli  fatti  dal  barbiere,  singers  made  such  by 
the  barber-surgeon,  i.e.  eunuchs. 

Music-uccia  f.,  -uccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  of 
-a,  -o. 

*Musiera/;;  i.  visor,     ii.  muzzle. 

Musino  /«.;  dim.  vezz.  Muso.  *a  species  of 
eel. 

*Musitare;  v.  Mussitare. 

Musiyo ;  Oro  — ,  sulphate  of  tin, 
with  a  glistening  appearance,  used  as 
an  alloy  and  for  imitation  gilding. 

Muso  m. ;  (A)  i.  face  of  an  animal. 
2.  in  certain  connections,  of  a  man  ; 
Allungare  il  — ,  to  lengthen  one's  face, 
i.e.  grow  thin  ;  Sul  — ,  to  a  man's  face, 
openly  ;  Pire  sul  — ,  to  speak  plainly; 
Torcere  il  — ,  to  twist  the  face,  i.e.  turn 
up  one's  nose  at  a  thing;  Metter,  Rizzar 
ecc.  il  — ,  to  be  cross  ;  Te  lo  dico  a  — 
duro,  I  tell  you  straight,  t  streaked 
gurnard,  T/.  Capone  (5,  /). 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  mus  with  dims,  mursel, 
mursol,  old  Kr.  muse  (>  Fr.  museau),  Span,  muso, 
mlt.  musvm.  Of  doubtful  origin,  derivation  from 
I,,  marsus,  as  suggested  by  Diez,  not  being  very 
satisfactory,  except  for  the  forms  with  an  r.  V,  Skeat, 
sub  Muzzle. 

t(B);  =  Musardo,  loitering,  sluggish. 

(C);  Mela  -a,  v.  Musa  (B,  2). 


Musoliera  / ;  =  Muserola,  muzzle. 

*Musonarsi;   i.    to  make  cross  faces  to  each 
other,     ii.    to  slap  each  other's  faces. 

Musoncello  ;  pensive. 

Mus6n-e  m.,  -a  /  (augm.  Muso) ; 
sulky  person.  Fare  il  -e,  to  look  sulky, 
to  pout. 

*slap  in  the  face.     Fare  a  -i,  to  slap  each  other's 
faces. 

Musoneria  / ;  sulkiness,  dulness. 

*  Musorno ;    i.     surly,      ii.     unkempt    (beard). 
iit.   lounging,     iv.   as  sl>.,  sluggard. 

Mussare  (L.  mussare,  to  murmur, 
<imit.  root  mu,  v.  Muggire) ;  to  foam, 
as  champagne,  with  a  slight  hissing 
noise.  *to  complain. 

*  Mussitare ;  to  speak  in  a  low  tone. 

Miissola  / ;  =  Mussolina. 

Mussolfna,  Mussola  (Mussolo,  Mus- 
solino)  f. ;  muslin,  from  the  city  of 
Mosul  in  Mesopotamia  where  it  was 
made. 

t  Mussolo  m. ;  Noah's  ark  shell,  Area  None, 
*v.  Mussolina. 

*  Mussoni  m.  pi. ;  the  monsoons,  v.  Monsoni. 
Mussulmano  w.;  =  Musulmano. 

Mustacch-i  m.  pi.  (Gr.  pi/a-rag,  dial. 
form  of  firioT«£,  mouth,  akin  to  fiatraofiai, 
to  chew) ;  I.  moustaches.  2.  (mar.)  ~ 
del  bompresso,  bowsprit  shrouds.  Aff. 
-i6ni  augm. 

Mustacchia  f. ;  i.  jackdaw,  v.  Taccola  (B). 
2.  —  nera,  hooded  crow,  v.  Cornacchia  (i,  a). 

Mustacchino  m. ;   bearded  tit,  v.  Cincia  (7). 

Mustacchio  m.  ;  i.  (mar.)  —  della  boma, 
spanker-boom  sheet.  2.  v.  Mustacchi. 

Mustacchi6ni;  -•.  Mustacchi. 

Mustaccione  m. ;  pop.  for  Mostaccione. 

Mustela  f.  (L.,<mns);  weasel,  any  of  the 
genus  Pittorius,  us-u.  Donnola. 

Mustiato;  v.  Muschiato. 

tMustieto  /;/. ;  a  term  used  in  the  Maremma  of 
Tuscany  for  an  area  of  ground  densely  covered  with 
Mustii,  cistus  bushes. 

Mustio  m.\  v.  Muschio.  t(&»/.)  Cistus  Mon- 
speliensis. 

'Mustricey^;  i.  =  Mostrice.    ii.  curb-chain. 

Musulmanow.;  Moslem. 

Muta  /  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Mutare) ; 
i.  change,  either  the  changing  or  the 
thing  substituted,  as  in  English.  2.  team 
of  horses,  usu.  Tiro.  3.  set  of  dia- 
monds, studs,  etc.  4.  (mar.)  —  di  vele, 
or  Giuoco  di  vele,  set  of  sails,  all  the 
sails  which  can  be  used  simultaneously. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  meute,  <  bit.  **m<n>ita, 
for  L.  mota,  part,  of  moveo) ;  pack  of 
hounds. 

*  i.  troop  of  people,  ii.  A  —  a  — ,  —  A-  vicenda, 
alternately.  iii.  =  volta,  time  ;  Due  mute,  twice, 
iv.  stanza  of  verses. 

Mutacismo  m. ;  mispronunciation  of  the  mute 
letters,  i,  m,  p. 

Mutamente;  adv.  of  Muto. 


Mutand-e  /.  //. ;  drawers.  -  per 
il  bagno,  bathing-drawers.  In  sing. 
Una  -a,  one  leg  of  a  pair  of  drawers. 

Mutandlne///. ;  dim.  of  Mutande, 
esp.  bathing-drawers. 

Mut-are  (L.,  root  mei,  to  exchange, 
cp.  L.  mutuus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mutable) ; 
to  change.  —  un  malato,  to  change  a 
patient's  bedclothes.  I  -anti,  brothers 
of  the  Misericordia  who  assist  the  sick 
poor  in  this  way.  —  il  vino,  to  pour 
the  wine  into  another  bottle,  leaving  the 
dregs  in  the  first,  -arsi,  of  a  boy's 
voice,  to  break. 

Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -abilmente,  -amento,  -atore, 
•atura,  -azioncella  (dim.  -azione),  -azione,  -evole, 
-evolmente. 

Mut6zza_/C;  v.  Muto. 

Mutil-are  (L.,  akin  to  Gr.  /xiVvAos,  docked, 
/ucrruAAw,  to  cut  up ;  further  etym.  wikn.)  j  to 
mutilate.  Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -at<5re,  -atrice, 
•azione,  -o  mutilated. 

Mutilo  m.\  7'.  Mutolo  (B). 

Mutismo  m.\  persistent  silence. 

Mut-o  (L.  mutus,  root  mu,  to  speak 
with  closed  lips,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mute); 
r.  dumb.  2.  Servo  — ,  dumb-waiter. 
3.  mute  (letters)  6,  d,  etc.  4.  Carta  -a, 
skeleton  map.  Aff.  -olino  dim.  vezz. 

Miitol-o  (A)  (It.  muto);  i.  =  Muto, 
dumb.  2.  of  vines,  Divertar  -i,  to  be 
stunted  by  cold.  3.  Mora  -a,  dumb 
Mora,  a  form  of  the  game  played 
without  speaking,  and  guessing  only 
as  to  the  number  of  fingers  being 
odd  or  even  ;  Fare  alia  mora  -a,  not 
to  speak. 

*i.  M'  ha  detto  un  — ,  a  dumb  person  told  me, 
said  as  a  way  of  refusing  to  give  one's  authority  for 
a  statement,  ii.  Fare  alia  -a  con  uno,  not  to  speak 
to  him;  Giuochi  di  -a,  games  played  without 
speaking. 

(B)  (L.  mutulus,  prob.  akin  to  meta, 
v.  Meta)  ;  (arch.)  — ,  or  Mutilo,  = 
Modiglione  bracket,  v.  Mensola. 

Mutri-a/  ;  haughty  silence.  Aff. 
-one,  -ona. 

Etym.  unkn.  Perhaps  <  L.  mutus,  through 
some  contracted  diminutive  **mut'tust  >  ** mit- 
trus. 

Mutu-alita,  -amente;  v.  -o. 

Mutu-are ;  to  make  a  loan,  either 
as  lender  or  borrower,  v.  -o  (2). 

Mutuatario  m. ;  borrower. 
Mutuazi6ne  f. ;  mutual  exchange. 

Mutuo  (L.,  v.  Mutare);  i  =  Scam- 
bievole,  mutual.  2.  as  sb.,  loan. 

*Muzzo  (prob,  a  var.  of  Mezzo);  of  uncertain 
flavour. 

t Muzzolare;  =  Mugolare,  to  bellow. 


N/, 
Enne. 


sometimes  in.  ;   pronounced 


Abbreviations :  Nato,  Neutro,  Ni- 
pote,  Nobile,  Nord,  Numero.  N.U., 
Nobil  uomo.  N.O.,  Nord-ovest.  N.E., 
Nord-est.  N.A.,  Nostro  autore. 
N.N.,  non  nominato.  N.D.,  Nostra 
Donna.  N.S.,  Nostro  Signore.  N.T., 
Nuovo  Testamento.  Prov.  N,  e,  ne, 

H. 


N 


Apponetevi  quel  che  £,  put  to  it  what 
there  is,  i.e.  explain  yourself.  O  esse  o 
enne,  yes  or  no.  As  a  typographical 
measurement ;  Tremila  enne  andranno 
in  questa  pagina,  three  thousand  n's 
will  go  on  this  page. 

N';  short  for  Non.    N'  e  vyo?  is  it 
not  true? 

*N\   Na;   short  for  Signore,  Signora.     It  was 


even    prefixed    to    names,  e.g.   Namerico,   Signore 
Americo ;   Nagn«se,  Signora  Agnese. 

Nabab,    Nababbo    m.    (Hindustani    word,  < 
Arabic  ttawa&t  governor);    nabob. 

*  Nabiss-are;=Inabissare  tr,  or  /'«/r.,  to  ruin, 
to  fall,     -arsi  colla  voce,  to  utter  hellish  cries. 

*  Nabisso  m,\  —  Abisso,  abyss. 

•Nablay;  (Gr.  vaft\a.t  musical  instrument  of  ten 
strings,  v.  Liddell  and  Scott,  Gr.  Lex.);  an  ancient 
musical  instrument,  psaltery. 

*  Naccaiuolo  m. ;  maker  of  Nacchere. 
tNaccarare  ;  =  Almanaccare,  to  be  dreamy. 
*Naccar-o  m,t  -a_/!;=Nacchere,  castanet. 

5° 


394 


NACCHERA— NASSERI 


Ndcchera  /  (A)  (cogn.  old  Fr. 
nacaire,  cymbal,  bit.  nacara,  kettle- 
drum, <  a  Kurdish  word  nakera^  = 
Persian  nakdrah,  based  upon  Arabic 
nakdra,  to  hollow  out,  cp.  Nacchera,  B) ; 
i.  (mil.)  kettle-drum.  2.  in  pi.  casta- 
nets. 3.  (hot.}  (a)  —  del  Bengala,  sunn- 
hemp  of  India,  Crotalaria  juncea^  the 
Italian  name,  like  the  generic  name, 
referring  to  the  way  in  which  the  seeds 
rattle  in  their  pods  ;  (b)  —  arborea, 
Cape  rattlesnake  plant,  Crotalaria 
arborescens. 

(B)  (cogn.  Span,  nacar,  Fr.  nacre ; 
<  Arabic  nakdra,  to  hollow  out,  naqra, 
cavity,  referring  to  the  hollow  inside  of 
the  shell);  i.  mother-of-pearl.  2.  pearl- 
oyster.  3.  Pelo  di  — ,  the  byssus,  a 
tuft  of  long  tough  filaments  by  which 
the  animal  attaches  itself  to  rocks. 
4.  rough  sea-wing  shell,  Pinna  rudis, 

Naccher-itta,  -ina,  dims,  of -a  (A). 

Naccherfno  m. ;  formed  as  dim. 
vezs.  of  Nacchera  (A),  but  used  in  the 
sense  of  pretty  little  child.  *player  on 
the  castanets. 

*Nacchero  ;«.;=  Nacchera,  kettle-drum. 
tNacchiw/.;  a  nickname  fora  person  all  twists 
and  affectations. 

Nacher-o  w.,  -a  / ;  person  with 
crooked  legs,  dwarf.  AJf.  -ino  dim. 

Etynt*  Perhaps  a  corruption  of  L.  anaticula, 
dim.  of  anas,  duck,  or  of  some  variant  of  this. 

Nacqui ;  perf.  of  Nascere. 

Nacrite  /.',  a  greasy  kind  of  stone  found  in 
the  Alps. 

Nacunda  f. ;  South  American  goat-sucker, 
Podager  nacunda,  a  bird. 

*  Nada  ;  Spanish  for  nothing. 

Nadir  ///.  (Arabic  nazir,  opposite);  nadir,  the 
point  in  the  opposite  hemisphere  corresponding  to 
the  zenith  in  that  of  the  observer. 

tNafantare;  to  exert  oneself  persistently. 

Nafe  m.\  fruit  of  the  Ketmia,  a  Syrian  plant. 
*Naffe;  =  Gnaffe,  I'  faith  ! 

Nafta  /  (Arabic  nafth);  naphtha 

Naftalina  f. ;  naphthaline,  obtained  by  dis- 
tillation of  heavy  oil  of  coal-tar. 

Naia  f.\  cobra. 

Naiade./  (L.  naias);  i.  Naiad.  2.  any  plant 
of  the  order  Naiadaceac,  eel-grass,  pond-weed,  etc. 

Naib    in.    (Arabic    naib,    a     chief,    v.    snfra, 
Nabab);   Abyssinian  chieftain. 
*Naibi  m.  //. ;  playing-cards. 

Naidi  in.  plt\  any  species  of  the  Naidina,  a 
genus  of  fresh-water  chaetopod  annelidae. 

Nana  f. ;  i.  v.  Nano.  2.  —  Papera,  goose, 
used  chiefly  as  a  call  to  geese. 

Nanchinata/!;  Nankeen  cotton  stuff. 

Nandu, ;«.;  native  Brazilian  name  for  the  South 
American  ostrich,  Rhea, 
*Naneo;  dwarfish. 

Nan-erello,  -er6ttolo,  -ettino,  -itto,  dims. 
of  -o. 

*Nanfa  adj.  (Arabic  rtafkat  odour);  Acqua  — , 
=  Acqua  lanfa,  orange  flower  water. 

Nanghinata  /.;  long-handled  Japanese  sword. 

Nanino  »/.;  dim.  vezz.  of  Nano,  dwarf. 

Nanna  /. ;  a  word  used  by  nurses 
for  hushing  babies  to  sleep.  Also 
Ninna  nanna.  Fare  la  — ,  or  Andare 
a  — ,  of  babies,  to  go  to  sleep.  It  is 
also  said  in  impatience  at  an  old  or 
long-winded  story. 

Nanni  w.;  =  Giovanni.  *Fare  il  — ,  to  play 
the  fool. 

Nannina./;  dim.  vczz.  of  Nanna. 
Nanno  ;  a  child's  thank-you. 

*  Nannodia/!;  (mus.)  cradle-song. 
Nannoli  ;«.//.;=  Ninnoli,  toys. 
Nannufero  ;«. ;  =  Nenufero,  water-lily. 

Nano  ;//.  (L.,<Gr.  vavos)',  dwarf. 

Nanteyl;  (stogr.}  Nantes,  in  France. 
Nanti     (Nante,    Nanzi);  =  Innante,     Innanzi, 
before. 


Nan-uccio,  -uzzo;  dim.  spreg.  N.um. 
Nap6a_/!  (Gr.  va.vo.la);  wood-nymph. 
Nap£llo  /«.;  (fot.)acosuttttAcfitutitrit  napdlns. 
Napo  m. ;  (£rt/.)  =  Navone,  rape,  Brassica  nn/nts, 
or  other  kindred  species  of  cabbage. 

Napoleoncino;  dim.  antiphr.  of  Napoleone. 

Napole<5n-e  ///. ;  i.  either  of  the 
French  emperors  of  that  name.  2.  a 
gold  coin  of  20  francs,  sometimes  called 
in  Italian  a  Marengo.  3.  —  d'  argento, 
5-franc  piece.  4.  Monte  — ,  v.  Monte 

C3)- 

Ajf.  -ico,  -ide  one  of  the  Napoleon  family,  -ista. 

Napoletana  /  ;  at  cards,  tierce,  the 
ace,  two,  and  three  of  any  suit,  or  at 
Calabresella  a  tierce  to  the  seven  or 
eight.  -  secca,  with  no  more  of  the 
sequence.  —  quarta,  quinta,  etc.,  when 
the  sequence  is  continued. 

Napolitan-o;  i.  Neapolitan  ;_  Alia  -a,  with 
tomatoes.  2.  as  si). ,  in  pi. ,  macaroni. 

Napp-a/  (corr.  of  Mappa);  tassel. 

Secondary  senses :  i.  —  di  cardinale,  (bot.) 
cockscomb,  Celosia  cocchua.  2.  schfrz.  large  nose. 
3.  Far  come  il  ciuco  di  Nappa,  the  donkey  which 
was  being  trained  to  a  diet  of  nothing,  but  died  on 
the  sixth  day.  4.  part  of  the  pulp  of  a  grape  which 
remains  on  the  stalk  when  the  grape  is  pulled  off. 
5.  tuft  of  hair  behind  a  horse's  hoof.  *  goatee 
beard. 

Aff.  -accia/^f.,  -etla  -ettina  or  -ina  dim.  vezz., 
-one  <iHgtn. 

Napp-0  m.  (O.H.G.  knap,  hnapf, 
dish);  i.  silver  jug.  2.  metal  jug  for 
taking  oil  out  of  the  jar.  3.  drinking- 
cup. 

_*i.    candle-socket.      ii.    basin.      iii.    metal    plate 
with  a  handle.     Aff.  -one  nit^m. 

Napuriello;  scherz.  for  Napolitano. 
*Napuro  m. ;  mess. 

*  Narancia,  Naranza  /C;  =  Arancia,  orange. 
Narceina  f.  \  one  of  the  alkaloids  of  opium. 
Narciso  t/t.  (L.,<Gr.  yapKi<r<ro?,  prob.  akin  to 

vapK»j,  v.  Narcotico,  from  the  scent  of  some  of  the 
species,  or  else  to  Persian  nergis,  a  word  which 
passed  into  Arabic  as  ttardscio,  meaning  narcissus); 
(<W.)  i.  —  tazzetta,  or —  bianco  nostrale,  polyanthus 
narcissus, Narcissus  tazzetta,  also  termed  Collo-torto. 
2.  false  daffodil,  Narcissus  pseudoiumissus,  also 
termed  Collo  di  cammello,  Trombone.  3.  —  lacobeo, 
S.  James'  cross  lily  (v.  Croce  18,  c).  4.  —  marine, 
sea  daffodil,  Pancratium  inaritiinitni,  also  termed 
Amorino  marittimo.  5.  —  de*  poeti,  poet's  narcissus, 
v.  Girocapo.  6.  —  sanguineo,  red  Cape  tulip, 
Haemanthus  coccitteus,  also  termed  Emanto.  7.  — 
superbo  del  Malabar,  Malabar  gjory  lily,  Gloriosa 
superba. 

*Nardino;  i.  v.  Nardo.     ii.  a  perfumed  wine. 

Nardo  »/.  (L.  tiardits,  =  Gr.  pap£ot,  prob.  a 
Semitic  word) ;  (bot.)  i.  — ,  or  —  indiano,  spikenard, 
the  fragrant  root  of  Nardostachvs  Jatatnansi,  one  of 
the  Valerianaceat,  native  of  Nepaul.  2.  the  plant 
Andropogon  nardus,  a  species  of  grass  formerly 
considered  to  be  the  source  of  spikenard.  3.  — 
sottile,  a  genus  of  grasses,  Nardus  stricta,  etc., 
mat  grass  or  common  nard.  4.  —  comune,  in 
Italian,  appears  to  include  French  lavender,  Lavan- 
dula  spica,  and  the  root  of  Asa-rum  Europncum. 
5.  —  celtico,  Vateriana  celtica. 

Narici,  poet.  Nari,  /  //.  (L.  nares, 
for  **>tases,  akin  to  nasus,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Nose) ;  nostrils. 

*  Naricorno  m. ;  rhinoceros. 

t  Narpicare;  =  Inerpicare,  to  climb. 

Narr-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Narration);  to 
relate. 

*to   manifest.      In   cui   -i    una   buona   natura   di 
giovane,  in  which  you  show  a  good  disposition. 

Ajf.  -abile,  -ativa,  -ativam^nte,  -ativo,  -atore, 
•atrice,  -azioncella,  -azidne. 

Nartece/.  (Gr.  vipfriO;  i.  the  casket  in  which 
Alexander  carried  Aristotle's  edition  of  Homer.  2.  a 
reserved  part  of  the  Greek  church. 

Narvalo  in. ;  a  Danish  word,  the  narwhal  or 
unicorn  whale^  Motlpdon  monoccros. 

Nas-accio,  -aggine,  -ale,  -ata;  v.  Naso. 

Nascere  ind.  nasco  nasci  nasce 
nasciamo  (or  si  nasce)  nascete  ndscono, 
perf.  nacqui  nascesti  nacque  nascemmo 
nasce'ste  ndcquero,  fitt.  nascero,  part. 


nato  (L.  nasci,  root  gen  to  produce 
modified  into  gna,  cp.  L.  agnatus,  v. 
Walde,  sub  gigno,  Gnaeus);  i.  to  be 
bom.  2.  of  seeds,  to  come  up.  3.  gene- 
rally, to  come  into  being.  4.  of  the 
sun,  etc.,  to  rise.  5.  Tutto  suo  padre 
nato  e  sputato,  the  very  image  of  his 
father;  Furfante  nato  e  sputato,  the 
very  type  of  a  rogue. 

_  *  i.    Solo  nato,  utterly  alone,     ii.    A'  di  de'  nati, 
within  the  memory  of  man. 

Nascim^nto  HI.  ;  uprising,  v.  Nas- 
cere (2  to  4). 

Nasc-ita  / ;  birth.    Aff.  -ituro. 

Nasc6nd-ere  (Niscondere)/^  nas- 
cosi  nascondesti,  part,  nascosto ;  to 
hide.  Aff.  -fglio  or  -igliolo,  hiding- 
place,  -imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

Etyttt.  From  a  strengthened  form  **  in-abscon- 
dere  of  L.  aos-coH-dcre,  the  root  of  which  lies  in  its 
termination  dfre,  formed  from  the  primary  root  filui, 
to  put,  v.  supra  -dere  in  loco. 

Nasc6s-o,  Nasc6st-o ;  hidden.    Aff. 

-amente. 

NaseayC;  book  on  noses. 
•Naseca/;  sfreg.  Naso,  nose. 

Naseggiare  ind.  nasdggio;  to  have 
a  nasal  sound  or  voice. 

Naseide/l;  poem  on  the  nose. 
Naselletto  in. ;  dim.  Nasello. 

Nasello  m.  (A)  (It.  naso);  i.  catch 
for  a  door-latch.  2.  (arch.)  end  of  a 
drainage  pipe  sticking  out  from  a  wall. 
3.  cam,  on  a  wheel-rim. 

(B)  (L.  asellits,  with  idle  prefix  n,  cp.  Naspo)  ; 
i.  hake,  T.  Merluzzo  (2).  2.  pollack,  Gadui  pol- 
lachius. 

*  i.  =  Nasiera,  nose-ring,  ii.  dim.  Naso.  iii.  man 
with  little  nose.  iv.  (mus.)  screw  of  a  violin-bow, 
v.  Bietta  (4). 

Nasett-accio,  -ino,  -o;  v.  Naso. 

Nasicchio ;  v.  Naso. 

Nasterayl;  nose-ring  for  an  animal. 

Nasino;  ».  Naso. 

Nas-o  m.  (L.  nasus,  i>.  Narici); 
i.  nose. 

Phrases,  etc. :  2.  Tabacco  da  — , 
snuff.  3.  M'  ha  dato  nel  — ,  i.e.  it  made 
me  smell  a  rat.  4.  Chi  lo  sa  dove  ha 
riccato  il  — ?  where  can  he  have  got  to? 

5.  Non  rammentarsi  dalla  bocca  al  — , 
to    forget    what    has    just    happened. 

6.  Restare  con  un  palmo,  or  con  tanto 
di  — ,  to  be  left  with  a  long  nose,  i.e.  to 
be    disappointed    in    one's    reasonable 
expectations.     7.  —  dell'  arcolaio,  the 
upper  part  of  a  winder.     8.  —  dell'  om- 
brello,  umbrella  handle.     9.    —  e  pri- 
miera,  a  game  of  cards  in  which  two 
cards  are  dealt  to  each  player ;  if  these 
are  of  the  same  suit  it  makes  a  Naso,  if 
different,  a  Primiera.   10.  (bat.)  —  mozzo, 
bladder  nut  tree,  v.  Pistacchio  (2). 

*i.  Fumicare  il  — ,  to  live.  ii.  Perder  di  — ,  to 
lose  trace  of. 

Aff.  -accio  fegg.,  -aggine  nasal  intonation,  -ale, 
-almente,  -ata  blow  on,  or  with  the  nose,  -ettaccio 
ffgf-<  -ettino  (dim.  -etto),  -itto,  -icchio  dim.  schtrz., 
-ino  dint,  vezz.,  -one  augtn.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg, 

Naspo  m.  (It.  aspo,  with  an  «  pre- 
fixed, possibly  due  to  the  influence  of 
In-  or  An-naspare)  ;  i.q.  Annaspo, 
reel. 

Nassa/  (L.  nassa,  net);  i.  eel-pot, 
bow-net.  2.  large  phial  with  narrow 
neck. 

*Nasseri  m.  (Arabic  word);  a  coin  of  Saladin 
worth  about  three  pence. 


NASSINO— NEGOZIO 


395 


tNassino  m. ;  dim.  Nassa. 

Nasso  in.;  i.  =  T:tsso,  yew.  2.  (geogr.)  Naxos, 
in  the  Aegean  sea;  Lasciare  in  — ,  =  m  asso,  to 
leave  in  the  lurch. 

Nassone  m.;  augm.  of  Nassa. 

Nastr-aia  f.,  -aio  w.  ribbon-seller,  -etto  or 
-ettino  <zYw.,  -icino  dim. ;  z>.  Nastro. 

Nastrino  ;«. ;  I.  ribbon  &r/.  book- 
marker or  tape  of  the  telegraphic 
printing-machine.  2.  the  strip  of  metal 
between  the  two  barrels  of  a  gun. 

Nastro  m.  (O.H.G.  nestila,  cp. 
Germ.  Nestel,  tape);  ribbon. 

Nastruccio;  dim.  spreg.  of  Nastro. 

Nasturzio  m,  (L.,<nasus,  torqueo,  referring 
to  the  pungency  of  the  plant) ;  (hot.)  I.  watercress  (usu. 
Crescione),  Nasturtium  officinale,  2.  —  indiano, 
nasturtium,  Tropaeolum  majus,  v.  Kiore  (16,  vi). 

3.  —    d'  orto,   garden   cresSj   Lepidium   satitivm. 

4.  —    minore,    Tropaeolum    minus,   small    Indian 
cress  or  nasturtium,  v.  Fiore  (16,  vi). 

Nasuccio;  v.  Naso,  Aff. 

Nasuto ;  with  large  nose.  Maestro 
— ,  scherz.,  sharp  master,  up  to  his 
boys'  tricks. 

Natal-e;  i.  Terra  — ,  native  coun- 
try; Giorno  — ,=  Natalizio,  birthday. 
2.  as  st.,  Christmas-day ;  Albero  di 
— ,  Christmas-tree.  3.  in  pi.,  birth  ; 
Quest'  istituzione  ebbe  i  suoi  -i  nella 
Germania,  this  institution  originated  in 
Germany. 

t  Natalino  in. ;  Boxing-day. 

Natalizio  ;  Giorno  — ,  birthday. 

Natante;  floating. 
Natat6ia/~.;  web  of  web-footed  birds. 
Natatorio;  swimming. 
tNatevole;  luxuriant. 

Natica/  (mlt.  nalica  from  L.  nates); 
buttock. 

Naticuto  ;  with  big  buttocks. 

Natio;  i.  (poet.)  native.  2.  indige- 
nous (plant).  3.  natural  (ferocity,  etc.). 

Nativ-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Nato;  part.  Nascere. 

Natolay^;  (mar.)  a  kind  of  rowlock,  v.  Scalmo 
(3,  a). 

N  atrice./  (L.  nafrix);  water-snake,  Natrix 
torquata,  and  other  species. 

Natta  /  (mlt.  nacta,  pcrh.<Gr. 
vaaatu/,  to  press);  I.  wen.  2.  aphtha 
about  the  mouth.  3.  (mar.)  mat  for 
protecting  the  ship's  hold  from  wet. 
4.  =  Sughero,  cork. 

tmouth.     *  in//.,  tricks. 

Natura  f.  (L.  natura,<nascor);  i.  nature. 
Prov.  Chi  e  d'  una  —  fino  alia  fossa  dura,  i.e.  a 
bad  character  is  never  changed.  2.  Pagare  in  — , 
to  pay  in  kind.  *  pudendum. 

Naturale ;  i.  as  E.  2.  (Figura) 
al  — ,  life-sized.  3.  as  sb.  m.,  character. 

*  Stare  al  — ,  to  stand  as  a  model. 

*  Naturaleggiare ;  to  portray  life-size. 
Naturalezzayl;  naturalness. 
Natural-ismo,  -ista,  -istico;  as  E. 
Naturalita  /.;   political  status.     Ha  ottenuto 

la  —  italiana,  he  has  been  naturalised  as  an  Italian. 

Naturalizz-are ;  as  E.    Aff.  -azi<5ne. 

Naturante;  operating  as  Nature. 
•Natur-are;  v.  -ante. 

Naturato;  i.  innate.    2.  constituted. 

Nauclea/i;  (but.)  a  genus  of  the  Rubiaceae, 
one  of  which,  A^.  gambir,  furnishes  the  kino  of  the 
pharmacopoeia. 

Naufragare  ind.  naufrago  ;  to  be 
shipwrecked. 

Naufragio  m.  ( L.,  <  navis, frangere) ; 
shipwreck. 

Naufrago  m.;  shipwrecked  person. 

*  Naulo  m.  ;=:  Nolo,  hire. 

Naumachfa  /  (Gr.);  sea-fight,  as  a  spectacle. 


*  Naupatiayi;  (;««/.)  sea-sickness. 

Nause-a/^  (L.,<Gr.  vavtria.,  sea-sickness);  as 
E.  Aff,  -abondo,  -are,  -osamente,  -oso. 

Njautica/!;  naval  science. 

Nautico(L.,<Gr.,  v.  Nave);  naval. 

Nautilo  m,  (L. ,  <  Gr.  i/aim'Aoy,  <  yavnjs,  sea- 
man, -v.  Nave);  i.  nautilus,  the  Nautilus  pompilius 
of  tropical  seas,  2.  the  Argonauta  nauta  of  the 
Mediterranean. 

Nav-accia;  pegg.  of  -e.    -ale  ;  as  E. 

Navalestro  m.  (It.  navale,  with  suffix  denoting 
locality  or  quality);  i.  =  Navicellaio,  bargeman. 
2.  ferry-man. 

*Navaresco;  ship-shape. 

Navarrin-o;  i.  of  Navarre.  2.  (/tist.)  an 
epithet  given  in  contempt  to  the  French  in  Italy  in 
the  lyth  century.  3.  Razza  -a,  the  Navarrese  strain 
of  horses,  formerly  existing  as  a  separate  breed. 

Navata  /;  (eccl.)  nave.  *ship's 
load. 

Nave  f.  (L.  navis,  akin  to  Gr.  vavs, 
ship,  root  sna,  to  float  along,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Naiad,  Nave,  of  a  church);  i.  ship. 

2.  church  nave. 

•i.    —   lunga,  galley,     ii.    —   mista,  galley  pro- 
pelled either  by  oars  or  sails. 

Nave-golettayC;  barquentine. 
'Naveray:   (O.H.G.    nanaa,  >  Germ.    Narbe, 
scar,  akin   to    Fr.  navrer,   to   wound,   E.   narrow) ; 
wound. 

Navetta/!;  dim.  Nave. 

Navic-are ; pop.  for  Navigare;  i.  to 
sail.  2.  to  swim.  3.  Vino  -ato,  wine 
that  will  travel. 

Navicella/.  (dim.  Nave);  i.   —  di 

5.  Pietro,  the  Church.    2.  (chern.)  bath. 

3.  (eccl.)  salver,  incense-tray.     4.  fish- 
strainer,  perforated  tray  for  taking  boiled 
fish  from  the  kettle.    5.  =  Spola,  shuttle. 

6.  (arch.)  side-aisle. 

Navicell-aio  m. ;  bargeman.  Aff.  -ata,  barge- 
load. 

Navicell-o  m.  barge.  Aff.  -6ne, 
augm. 

Navig-are  ind.  nSvigo  (L.,<«az>/j,  agere); 
as  E.  —  per  perso,  to  do  all  that  can  be  done,  v. 
Perdere  (6).  Aff.  -iibile  seaworthy,  -abilita,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Naviglio  (Navigio)  m.  (bit.  navi- 
lium,  <  L.  navicula,  dim.  of  navis, 
ship);  i.  ship.  2.  fleet.  3.  Canale 
— ,  ship  canal. 

*Navolo  ;w.;  =  Nolo,  hire. 

Navdne,  Napo,  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  nave/, 
Provenc,.  nabetz,  Span,  napo,  <  L.  na- 
pus,  =  Gr.  vanv,  mustard) ;  loosely  used 
for  either  turnip,  rape,  or  kohl-rabi. 
—  di  Lapponia,  Brassica  Napobrassica, 
a  variety  of  rape. 

Nazional-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Nazione  f.    (L.    natw,    v.    Nascere);    as    E. 
*i.   birth,  extraction,     ii.   family. 

Ne  (A)  (L.  inde) ;  of  him,  it,  etc. 
(B)  (L.  nos);  us. 

Kss"  As  an  enclitic  -ne  is  often 
added  to  monosyllables  without  affect- 
ing their  meaning. 

Ne' ;  for  Nei,  in  the. 

Ne  (L.  »ec);  neither,  nor. 

Neanchc,  Neanco ;  not  even. 

N6bbi-a/.  (L.  nebula,  cp.  Gr.  wff/>e'Xr/, 
Sanskr.  nabhas) ;  i.  mist ;  Aver  in  tasca 
la  — ,  to  have  the  mist  in  one's  pocket, 
i.e.  pay  no  regard  to  anybody;  II  pri- 
m'  anno  che  non  e  — ,  the  first  year  with- 
out mist,  i.e.  never ;  Incantare  la  — ,  to 
use  a  charm  against  the  mist  i.e.  to  eat 


well  and  drink  still  better ;  Insaccar  or 
Stringer  — ,  to  pocket  or  squeeze  the 
mist,  i.e.  do  what  is  useless.  2.  blight. 
3.  a  kind  of  soup.  4.  (hot.)  (a)  feather 
grass,  v.  Pennine  (2);  (b)  tufted  hair- 
grass,  Aira  caespitosa,  also  termed 
Migliarino. 

Aff.  -accia,  -aio  misty  weather,  -erella  dim., 
•etta  dim.  vezz.,  -ettuccia  (pegg.  -etta),  -iolina  dim. 
vezz.,  -ionaccio  (pegg.  -ione),  -ione  augm.,  -iosita, 
-ioso. 

*Nebride,/  (Gr.  re^pi's,  fawn-skin);  skin  worn 
by  a  Bacchante. 

Nebulare ;  (astr.)  Teoria  — ,  nebular  hypothesis 
(of  Laplace). 

Nebulosa./;  (astr.)  nebula. 
Nebul6so ;  nebulous. 
*Necare(L.);  to  kill. 
tNecca/;;  i.  stroke,  blow.     ii.  intoxication. 

Neccare  m. ;  (geagr.)  the  Neckar,  an  affluent 
of  the  Rhine. 

tNeccino  m.\  A  — ,  =  A  miccino,  stingily. 

Ne'ccio,  pop.  Niccio,  m.  (by  aphae- 
resis  from  **castagneccio<\)\t.  **casta- 
niceus ;  for  further  deriv.  v.  Castagna) ; 
chestnut-cake.  Necci  ciechi,  the  same 
sandwiched  with  harn,  etc. 

tNece/  (L.  tux);  death. 

Necessari-o  (L.,  <  necesse,  further  etym. 
unkn.);  as  E.  Erede — ,  heir-at-law.  Aff.  -amente. 

*  Necesse;  O  se  —  concontingentemai  —  fenno, 
whether  a  necessary  and  a  contingent  premiss  ever 
made  a  necessary  conclusion,  D.   Par.  13.  99. 

Necess-iti_/;  as  E.    Aff.  -itare,  -itoso. 

Necr6-fagi,  -fori  m.  pi.;  burying  beetles. 

Necrol-ogia./;  funeral  address.     Aff.  -ogico. 

Necrolog-io  m. ;  register  of  deaths.  Aff. 
-ista. 

Necrdpoli/  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Necroscop-ia/!  (Gr.);  autopsy.    Aff.  -ico. 

Necrosi  /.  (Gr.);  as  E.  —  cereale,  disease 
due  to  ergot. 

*  Nefa/I;  —  Afa,  ennui. 

Nefand-o  (L.,  <  ne,  fari,  v.  Ne- 
fario) ;  infamous.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -fea, 
-itk. 

Nefari-o  (L.,<ne,fas,  law,  allied  to  fari,  to 
speak,  cp.  Sanskr.  bhash,  to  speak);  as  E.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Nefasto  ( L. ,  <  ne,fanstns,  v.  Fausto) ; 
unpropitious. 

*Nefe.  Far  d'  una  cosa  — ,  to  make  a  hash 
of  it. 

Nefralgiay;  (Gr.);  pain  about  the  kidneys. 

Nefr-ite,  -{tide  f.  (Gr.  fe<?>pof,  kidney); 
i.  (med.)  as  E.  2.  Giado  — f  a  variety  of  jade, 
v.  Giado.  Aff.  -itico. 

Neg-are  ind.  nd-go  -ghi  (L.,<**neg 
for  nee,  not,  v.  Negozio) ;  to  deny. 
Aff.  -abile,  -abilitk,  -ativamdnte,  -ativo, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Neghitt6s-o  (Nighittoso)  (mlt.  neg- 
lectosus) ;  lazy.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

NeglMto;  part.  Negligere. 

Negligen-te;  as  E.  Aff.  -taccio  pegg.,  -tare, 
-temente,  -tonaccio  augm.  pegg.,  -tone  -tona  careless 
person,  -tucolo  dim.  spreg.,  -za. 

Negligere  ind.  neglf-go  -gi,  perf.  ntglessi, 
part,  negletto  (L.,  <  nee,  lego,  to  pick  up,  v.  Leg- 
gere) ;  =  Trascurare,  to  neglect. 

t3T  The  gl  has  the  g  hard ,  v.  G,  sub  init. 

*  Negossa  f.;  a  certain  kind  of  nshing-net. 

Negbzia  f. ;  spreg.  of  a  woman, 
baggage. 

Negozi-abile,  -abilita,  ;'.  -are;  -accio, 
pegg.  of  -o ;  -ante,  trader. 

Negozi-are  ind.  negozio;  i.  to  negotiate.  2.  to 
carry  on  business.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Negozi-etto  m.;  dim.  of -o. 

Negbzi-0  m.  (L.,Oie,  otium,  leisure, 
v.  Ozio);  i.  trade,  business.  2.  shop, 

Clace  of  business.    3.  fig.  spreg.,  worth- 
:ss   creature,   v.    Negozia.      4.   spreg. 
scherz.,  =  Coso ;  Dammi  quel  —  la,  give 
me  that  affair  there. 


Aff.  -one  augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 


50—2 


396 


NEGRIERE— NESSO 


Negriere  m.  ;  slave-dealer. 

N£gr-o  (L.  nigrum^  v.  Nero);  as  E.  Aff. 
•a,  -e"tto  dim. 

Negromant-e  m.  (Gr.  vtKft&fuumt)  ',  sorcerer, 
one  who  calfs  up  the  dead.  Aff.  -esco,  -essa,  -ico. 

Negromanzia/!;  necromancy. 

Negrdre;;/.;  i.  a  disease  of  silkworms.  2.  the 
dead  worm. 

Negus  m.;  the  Emperor  of  Abyssinia. 

Nefno  m.  ;  dim.  Neo,  mole. 

Nel,  Nellaecc.;  in  the. 

Nelumbio  »/.  ;  (Ac/.)  a  genus  of  large  water- 
lilies,  including  the  Neiitmbium  speciosum,  the  sacred 
lotus  of  the  East. 

Nemato  m.  ;  a  genus  of  hymenopterous  insects, 
Nematus. 

Nematodi  m.  pi.  (Gr.  vyy-a,  thread)  ;  the 
nematoid  worms,  most  of  which  are  parasitic  en- 
tozoa. 

Nembifero;  cloud-bringing. 

Ne*mbo  m.  (  L.  nimbus,  akin  to 
nebula]  ;  cloud. 

Nembrot,     Nembrotto  ;    Nimrod,    D.     Inf. 

Nemei;  Giuochi  —  ,  the  Nemean  games. 
Nemesi  f.  (Gr.);  nemesis.     *spiteful  pleasure. 

Nemfc-o  (L.  inimicus)\  hostile,  or 
as  sb.,  enemy.  Aff.  -ame*nte,  -are  (nsu. 
inimicare),  -heVole,  -hevolme'nte,  -fzia. 

*Nemist-a,  *  -ade  /;  =  Nemicina,  enmity. 

Nemmanco,  Nemmeno  ;  not  even. 

Nem6ceri    m.  //.    (Gr.    V^H-OL,    thread,    xepac, 


horn);   the  gnat  genus,  Nenmtocera. 

Nemorense;  of  Nemi,  in  the  Alban  hills. 

Nenc-dtta  f.  ;  dim.  -ia.  II  corredo 
di  —  ,  i.e.  two  of  everything. 

N&nci-a/  ;  v.  -o.  La  bellezza  della 
—  ,  dimple  in  the  chin. 

Nuncio;  short  for  Vincenzo.  t  =  Mat- 
tacchione,  cracky. 

Nenciolina  /.  ;  =  Cervellina,  cracky 
person. 

N&ni-a  f.;  i.  wail.  2.  tedious 
speech.  3.  -e  sepolcrali,  epitaphs. 

Etym.  L.  nenia,  dirge,  stated  by  Cicero  to  be 
a  Greek  word,  but  not  found  in  any  extant  Greek 
author.  Akin  to  Sanskr.  nauti,  to  make  a  noise, 
Lettish  naut,  to  cry  out. 

Nenufero  m.;(bot.)  water-lily,  Nufharlttteum. 

N&o  m.  (L.  naevuS)  for  gnaeuus^  v. 
Nascere);  i.  mole.  2.  fig.  small  de- 
fect. 3.  patch  formerly  stuck  on  a  lady's 
face  to  imitate  a  mole. 

Neocatt6Hco;  new  Catholic. 
Nedfito    «*.    (Gr.    ceo^vros,    newly    planted)  ; 
neophyte. 

Neogreco;  modern  Greek. 

Neolatln-o  ;  Lingue  -e,  Romance 
languages,  French,  Italian,  Spanish, 
Portuguese,  and  numerous  dialects, 
Proven9al,  Burgundian,  Roumanian, 
etc. 

Neolftey^;  a  variety  of  talc. 

Neolitico  (Gr.);  neolithic  (era),  the  latter  part 
of  the  "  Stone  age,"  the  human  remains  of  which  are 
associated  with  those  of  animals  now  extant. 

Neolog-ia  f.  (Gr.);  use  of  newly  invented 
words.  Aff.  -ico,  -ismo,  -ista,  -o. 

Neomeniay;  (Gr.  i>«'oy,  /A^rij);  new  moon;  in 
//.,  the  ancient  festivities  at  the  new  moon. 

Neonato;  new-born. 

Neossina  f.  (Gr.  i/eocrtria,  bird's  nest);  an 
organic  substance  of  which  the  nest  of  the  Hirnndo 
esculenta  is  made.  Jt  resembles  chondrin  in  com- 
position, and  supplies  the  material  for  "  bird's-nest 
soup." 

*Neoterico  ;«.  ;  modern  author. 

Neotomista  in.  ;  modern  disciple  of  St  Thomas 
Aquinrts. 

NepayT  (I,.  nepat  scorpion);  i.  water-  scorpion, 
a  genus  of  aquatic  hemipterous  insects.  2.  (astr.) 
the  constellation  Scorpio.  3.  (bot.)  =  Ginestrone, 
gorse. 


Nepente  m.  (Gr.  fiprei'fcjs,  <  vy,  not,  7reV(9o«, 
grief);  i.  a  drug  anciently  used  to  assuage  pain. 
2.  pitcher  plant,  a  genus  of  tropical  climbing  plants, 
Nepenthes. 

Nepitella  (Nipitella,  Neputa,  Niquitella)  (dim. 
<L.   nepefa);   (bot.)  lesser  field  calamint,  Melissa 
nepeta,  also  termed  Erba  da  funghi. 
*Nepitcllo  m,\  rim  of  the  eyelid. 

Nep6te,  etc.;  v.  Nipote,  etc. 

Neppiire  ;  not  even. 

•Neputa/;  v.  Nepitella. 

Nequfzia  f.  (L.  nequitia,<.nequam, 
<ney  not  +  quam^  how  ;  ///.  therefore  in 
no  wise  serviceable,  hence  worthless)  ; 
wickedness. 


;  cup  of  coffee  and  chocolate 
mixed. 

*(wwj.)a  half  minim. 

Neracchiblo  ;  dim.  Nero,  dark. 

Nerastro;  blackish. 

Nerb-are,  -ata,  etc.  ;  T/.  Nerbo,  Aff. 

Nerbatura/;  i.  flogging.  2.  con- 
stitution of  a  person's  nerves,  ttsit. 
Nervatura,  v.  Nervo. 

Nerb-4tto,  -icfno,  etc.;  v.  Nerbo, 
Aff.  ^ 

N6rb-o  m.  (L.  nervus,  v.  Nervo)  ; 
i.  pop.  for  Nervo,  nerve.  2.  fig.  force, 
strength;  In  this  sense  the  word  seems 
to  carry  back  to  its  original  meaning  of 
sinew,  as  in  our  phrase,  A  writer  of  good 
nervous  English,  which  might  be  trans- 
lated, Uno  scrittore  di  nerbo.  3.  whip, 
properly  the  dried  yard  of  a  bull  em- 
ployed as  a  whip. 

*i.  sinew;  Dagli  fa  benedizione  che  1'  Angelo 
diede  a  Jacob  mortificandogli  il  nerbo  della  coscia, 
give  him  the  benediction  which  the  Angel  gave  to 
Jacob  when  he  touched  his  thigh  in  the  sinew  which 
shrank,  ii.  —  del  viso,  power  of  vision,  D.  Inf. 
9.  73.  iii.  violin  string. 

Aff.  -are  to  flog,  -ata  cut  with  a  whip,  -atlna 
dim.  but  often  antifhr.,  i.e.  a  good  thrashing, 
-atore  flogger,  -ettino,  -icino  or  -olfno  <#«/.,  -oruto 
or  -oso  sinewy,  strong. 

•Nerbora;  old/.//,  of  Nerbo. 

Nereggi-are  ind.  nereggio;  to  be 
nearly  black.  Aff.  -amdnto. 


gi 
J 


Nereide/  (Gr.  Niftwji's);  i.  sea  nymph.  2.  in 
//.,  a  genus  of  marine  worms. 

Nerellino,  Nerfello  m.  ;  black  spot. 

Ner-^tto  ;  dim.  of  -o.  Aff.  -etti'no 
sub-dim. 

Ner6zza/;  blackness. 

Ner-iccio  ;  dim.  of  -o,  rather  black. 

Neridola/.  ;  livid  top-shell,  Trochuszizyphiniis, 
locally  termed  Caragolo. 

Ner-ino;  dim.  vezs.  of  -o,  slightly 
black. 

Nerio  in.  (Gr.  r^ptoc);  (fof.)  oleander,  Xerinin 
oleander,  or  other  species  of  Neriuiit. 

N6r-o  (cogn.  Proveng.  ner,  Fr.  noir, 
<L.  niger);  black.  Foresta  -a,  the 
Black  Forest.  Mar  —  ,  the  Black  Sea. 
Gialla  e  -a,  the  Austrian  flag.  Bianca 
e  -a,  the  Prussian  flag.  Metier  un  po' 
di  —  sul  bianco,  i.e.'  to  write  a  receipt. 
I  -i,  the  black,  i.e.  clerical  party,  or 
(hist.}  the  most  violent  section  of  the 
Florentine  Guelphs.  Sangue  —  ,  i.e. 
evil  disposition.  Poncino  —  ,  punch 
with  coffee.  Bocca  -a,  scherz.  pistol. 
Giorni  -i,  fast-days.  Giorno  tutto  —  , 
day  when  even  milk  is  forbidden, 
Fame  delle  -e,  to  do  all  kinds  of  wicked- 


ness. Prov.  11  bianco  e  il  —  han  fatto 
ricca  Venezia,  i.e.  the  Oriental  trade  in 
cotton  and  spices  has  enriched  Venice. 
Pozzo  — ,  euph.  for  cesspool  or  similar 
receptacle. 

Nerofide_/;  sea-adder  fish,  Nerophis  cristata, 
locally  termed  Angusigola  selvadiga. 

Nerofumo ;«. ;  lamp-black. 
Ner6gnolo;  blackish. 

N6rol-a/,  -o  »/. ;  essence  of  orange 
flowers. 

Nerdne  nt. ;  the  Roman  emperor.  La  vecchia 
di  — ,  a  proverbial  expression  referring  to  the  old 
woman  who  wept  at  Nero's  death,  because,  she 
said,  he  might  be  succeeded  by  someone  even  worse. 

Neroneggiare  ind.  neroneggio;  to  behave  like 
Nero. 

Nerume  »/.;  quantity  of  black. 

Nervale;  of  or  for  the  nerves. 

Nervata/;  =  Nerbata,  flogging. 

Nervatura/;  i.  constitution  of  a 
person's  nerves.  2.  nervation  of  a  leaf. 
3.  ribbing,  e.g.  of  a  Gothic  window. 

Nerv-eo,  of  the  nerves,  -ettino  or  -etto  dint.. 
-\noadj.  nervine  (tonic) ;  v.  Nervo. 

N6rvo  M.  (L.  nervus,  sinew,  root 
sne  to  spin,  wind,  cp.  Gr.  vevpov,  O.H.G. 
snara,  E.  snare,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Nerve, 
Snare);  I.  nerve.  2.  sinew  (of  a 
slaughtered  animal);  Carne  che  £  tutto 
— ,  meat  which  is  all  sinew.  3.  vein  of 
a  leaf.  4.  (arch.)  rib,  v.  Nervatura  (3). 
5.  regulator  of  a  plough,  the  peg  which 
sets  it  and  determines  the  depth  of  the 
furrow.  6.  troop  (of  police,  etc.).  7-  = 
Nerbo,  courage.  8.  of  metals,  resist- 
ance. 9.  —  della  calcina,  hardening 
quality  of  lime.  10.  =  Sostegno,  sup- 
port, n.  bow-string  or  violin-string. 
12.  (mar.)  =  Inferitore,  jack-stay  (on  a 
mast). 

Nervolino  m. ;  dim.  Nervo. 

Nerv6s-o;  i.  nervous.  2.  robust; 
this  meaning  is  referable  to  the  old 
sense  of  Nervo,  viz.  sinew.  3.  as  sb.,  fit 
of  nervousness  or  nervous  irritation. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ita. 

Nesci  m. ;  Fare  il  — ,  or  da  — ,  = 
Far  da  indiano,  to  pretend  not  to  know. 

Nesci6n-te  (L.,  <  ne,  scire,  v. 
Scienza) ;  ignorant.  Aff.  -temente,  -za. 

tNescire;  =  Uscire,  to  leave. 

*  Nesguercia/;  {geogr.}  Norway. 

N6spol-a  f.  -o  m.  (L.  mespilum,  = 
Gr.  /ieViriAoi') ;  i.  medlar  fruit,  or  tree, 
Aftsflilus  Germanica;  Non  mondar  -e, 
not  to  peel  medlars,  i.e.  not  to  spend 
one's  time  unprofitably,  in  comparison 
with  one's  competitors.  2.  fig.  Gli 
diede  certe  -e,  i.c.  he  cudgelled  him. 
3.  Succianespole  spreg.  nickname  given 
to  a  man  with  a  long  chin  and  in- 
distinct pronunciation.  4.  as  an  iron. 
exclamation  ;  Dieci  milioni  ;  nespole  ! 
only  ten  million  ;  a  mere  trifle  !  5.  An- 
dar  a  contraffar  le  -e,  to  go  and  imitate 
the  medlars,  i.e.  sleep  upon  straw.  Aff. 
-ina  dim. 

*Nessile  (L.  nexilis);  knotted  together. 

Nesso  m.  (L.  nexus);  i.  connection. 
2.  contraction,  such  as  those  which 
occur  in  old  manuscripts.  3.  (mus.) 
tie. 


NESSUNO— NINFEO 


397 


Nessiino  (Nissuno,  Niuno)  (L.  ne 
ipse  unus)  ;  no  one. 

Nestai-a/,  -0  m.  ;  nursery  of  young 
trees. 

*  Nestare  :  =  Innestare,  to  graft. 

N6sto  m.  (aphaeresis  from  Innesto); 
graft. 

Nestore  m.;  i.  senior,  from  the  Nestor  of  the 
Iliad.  2.  a  genus  of  parrots,  so  called  from  their 
grey  heads. 

Nestorian-o;  follower  of  the  heretic  Nestorius, 
patriarch  of  Constantinople  (430),  who  held  that  the 
person  of  Christ  was  dual.  Aff.  -ismo. 

Nettad&nti  ;«.  ;  iron  toothpick,  v. 
Stuzzicadenti. 

Nettaminay^;  a  sort  of  long  stirrer  ending  in 
a  reversed  spoon  used  in  alum  works. 

Nettap^nne  m.  ;  =  Puliscipenne, 
pen-wiper. 

Nettapbrti  in.  ;  machine  for  clean- 
ing the  bottom  of  a  dock. 

N6ttar-e  m.  (Or.  ve<tTa/>)  ;  nectar. 
Aff.  -eo. 

Nett-are  ind.  ne'tto  (It.  netto)  ;  i.  to 
clean.  2.  (mar.)  to  clear,  e.g.  a  flag. 
Aff.  -atoia  plasterer's  mortar-board, 
-atdio  cleaner,  instrument  for  cleaning, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Nettario  m.  ;  nectary  of  a  flower. 

N6tto  (L.  nitidus)  ;  clean,  neat, 
clear,  net.  Di  —  ,  right,  completely. 
Patente  —  ,  (mar.)  clean  bill  of  health. 

Nettunian-o;  Rocce  -e,  sedimentary  rocks. 

Nettunismo  m.  ;  geological  theory  attributing 
the  formation  of  the  earth's  crust  to  the  action  of 
water. 

Neuma  f.  (Gr.  feu^a,  nod);  i.  repetition_at 
the  end  of  an  antiphon  in  church  music.  2.  line 
for  marking  the  pause  in  a  chant. 

Neur6tteri  in.  pi.  (Gr.  ceCpoi-,  n-Tepoy);  order 
of  insects  with  membranous  net-veined  wings,  Neit- 
roftera. 

Neutoniano;  Newtonian. 

Neutral-e;  as  E.  Aff.  -ita,  -izzare,  -iizazione, 
-mente. 

Neutro  (L.  neuter,  i.e.  ne,  liter);  i.  neuter. 
2.  =  Neutrale. 

*Nevaggio;  z>.  Nevazzo. 


Nevaio  »/.  ;   i.  snow-field,  Fr. 
where    there    is    always    snow,   either 
recent  or  old.     2.  heavy  fall  of  snow. 

Nevata  /.  ;  fall  of  fresh  snow. 
Nevato;  snow-white. 
*Nev-azzo,  -azio,  or  -aggio  ;«.;=  Nevata. 

N6ve  f.  (L.  nix,  nivi's,  root  nigv 
shortened  from  snigv,  cp.  Gr.  vi<f><a, 
Zend.  snizA,  O.H.G.  sneo,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Snow)  ;  snow.  Son  ragazzi  che  fanno 
alia  —  ,  it  is  boys  snowballing  each 
other.  Prov.  Sotto  la  —  pane,  e  sotto 
1'  acqua  fame,  viz.  because  snow  is  good 
for  the  coming  crops,  but  not  excessive 
rain. 

Nevicare  ind.  neVic-o,  -hi  ;  to  snow. 
Comincia  a  —  alia  montagna,  said  when 
the  hair  begins  to  turn  white. 

Nevicata  f.  ;  snow-storm,  ?/.  Ne- 
vata. 

NeviscMo,  or  pop.  Nevistio,  m.  \ 
driving  storm  of  fine  snow. 

Nevo  m.  ;  =  Neo,  mole. 

Nev6s-0  ;  snowy.  As  sb.,  Nivose, 
the  first  winter  month  of  the  French 
republican  calendar.  Aff.  -ita. 


Nevralgia/.  (Gr.  pcvpoi-,  iVy"*)!  neuralgia. 
Nevr-dsi  f. ;  (rttrtt.)  neurosis,  nerve  disease. 
Aff.  -utico. 

Nevrotteri;  r.  Neurotteri. 
*Nezzay".  (mil.  neptia,<l*.  nepos);  niece. 

Nibbio  m.  (A)  (bit.  **milvius,<'L. 
mih'its);  (ornilh.)  i.  kite,  Milvusregalis, 
also  termed  Forbicione,  —  maggiore,  — 
reale.  2.  —  nero,  black  kite,  Mi/vus 
ater,  also  termed  Falcone  atro,  Falcone 
nero.  3.  Dir  come  il  — ,  i.e.  to  cry 
Mio!  it  is  mine. 

(B);  (&>/.)=  Ebbio,  ground  elder. 
*Nicchera_/I;    Andare  di  — ,  to  proceed  well. 
Mamlare  in  — ,  to  treat  as  not  serious,  make  game  of. 
Niccheri ;    i.    pet   name  for  a  baby.      2.    v. 
Nicheri. 

*Nicchi  tn.  ^/.;  =  Niente,  nothing. 

Nicchia  f.  (L.  mytilus,  mussel ;  the 
changes  involved,  viz.  m  into  n,  itula 
into  icMa,  are  of  regular  occurrence  ; 
cp.  Nespolo  <  mespilum,  Secchia  < 
situla);  i.  shell.  2.  niche  in  a  wall,  v. 
Nicchio  (i).  3.  recess,  generally  ;  Nas- 
costo  in  qualche  — ,  hidden  away  in 
some  hole.  4.  fig.  post  of  employ- 
ment ;  Qui  sono  nella  mia  — ,  this  is 
just  the  niche  for  me.  5.  conch  shell, 
still  used  in  certain  districts  by  swine- 
herds for  calling  their  pigs. 

Nicchiaia/  ;  ground  full  of  shells. 

*  Nicchiare  (A)  (prob.<L.  nixari,\o  struggle); 
i.   of  a  woman  in  labour,  to  cry  out.     ii.   generally, 
to   complain   aloud,      iii.    to   grumble   and   hesitate 
over  doing  something,     iv.    to  creak. 

t(H)  (L.  necare,  to  kill);  to  stink. 

*  Nicchieria/;;  collection  of  shells. 
Nicchiett-a  dim.,  -ina  dim.  vezz.,  of  Nicchia. 
Nicchietto  m. ;  dim.  Nicchio. 

tNicchinacchi  m.;  affected  person. 

Nicchio  m.  (L.  mytilus,v.  Nicchia); 
i.  shell,  USH.  of  a  marine  animal; 
Nicchia  also  means  marine  shell ;  the 
distinction,  if  any  is  made,  being  that 
Nicchia  is  larger  and  more  open;  it  is 
hence  that  Nicchia  derives  its  ordinary 
meaning  of  niche.  2.  three-cornered 
hat  worn  by  priests.  3.  earthenware 
lamp  of  similar  shape.  4.  salt  meat 
done  up  in  the  same  form. 

*i.  =  Nicchia,  niche,  ii.  Farsi  tin  —  ,  =  Rannic- 
chiarsi,  to  curl  up.  iii.  interstice,  air-bubble  in 
glass,  iv.  syn.  for  Nulla,  nothing. 

Nicchiolino  m.;  dim.  Nicchio. 

Nicchi6nay^;  augm.  Nicchia. 

Nicchi6ne  m. ;  augm.  Nicchio. 

Niccbi6so ;  full  of  shells. 

Niccio  m.;  fop.  for  Neccio. 
t  Nicci61a_/;  =  Nocciola,  nut. 
*Niccolo  in. ;  onyx. 

Niccpld  m. ;  Nicholas.  Prov.  O  Cesare  o  — , 
a  corruption  of  A  ut  Caesar  ant  nihil,  i.e.  all  or 
nothing. 

Niccno;  Concilio  — ,  Nicene  Council  (A.D.  325). 

Nichel,  Nichelio  m.  (Germ.  Nickel,  coined 
by  the  discoverer  of  the  metal,  <  Germ.  Kupfer- 
nickel,  i.e.  base  copper) ;  nickel. 

Nichellare;  to  plate  with  nickel. 

Nicheri  m.  pi.;  (hot.)  i.  yellow-seeded  nicker 
tree,  Gvilanditia  bonduc,  also  termed  Occhio  di 
gatto.  2.  nicker  nuts. 

Nichilismo  r/t.  (It.  *nichilo);  i.  nihilism. 
3.  belief  in  nothing.  3.  annihilation,  the  Buddhist 
nirvana. 

Nichilista  in.;  Nihilist. 

*Nichilo  m.  (L.  nifiit«tn,<ne,  liilnm,  trifle); 
nothing. 

Nicodemow.;  i.  J'rov.  Ci  vorrebbe  le  tanaglie 
di  — ,  it  would  want  the  pincers  of  Nicodemus.  viz. 
to  get  a  subscription  from  a  miser.  2.  in //..figures 
of  men  in  pictures  of  the  Crucifixion  or  burial  of 
Christ. 

Nicotina/1  (from  J.  Nicot,  French  ambassador 
to  Portugal  in  1560,  who  sent  some  tobacco,  then 
first  introduced  into  Europe,  to  Catherine  de'  Medici, 
so  that  the  original  meaning  of  the  word  was  tobacco) ; 
nicotine,  the  alkaloid  of  tobacco. 


Nicozianayl;  (tot.)  tobacco  plant,  Nicoliana 
tabacum. 

*Nidata./;=Nidiata,  brood. 

•Nidi-accio,  -acciolo  ///.  ;  artificial  nest-egg. 

Nidiace;  i.  (bird)  taken  from  the 
nest  to  be  trained.  2.  Jig.  green. 

Nidiandolo  m.  ;  nest-egg. 
Nidiata  (Nidata)  /  ;  brood  of  nest- 
lings. 

Nid-ietto,  -iettino,  sub-dims,  of-o;  -ificare, 
to  make  a  nest;  -ino,  dim.  of  -o;  -io,  pop.  for  -o; 
-tuccio,  dim.  spreg. 

Nido  m.  (L.  nidus,  <  **nisdtts,  <ni-, 
down,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Nether,  +  -sdus< 
root  sed,  to  sit,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Nest)  ; 
i.  nest.  2.  (bot.)  —  di  scricciolo,  bird's 
nest  orchid,  Neottia  nidus  avis. 

*  Nidore  in.  ;  stink  of  candle  snuff,  etc. 
Niego  m.  ',  denial. 

N1611-0  m.  (mlt.  nigellum,  <  L. 
niger)  ;  a  piece  of  metal  or  other 
material  decorated  with  incised  designs 
filled  with  black  alloy  or  with  gold.  Aff. 
-are  lib. 

Ni^nte  m.  (ne,  cntem,  old  part,  of 
L.  esse);  i.  nothing.  2.  in  certain  con- 
texts, something,  the  least  bit;  Se  ci 
pensa  niente  niente,  capira,  if  he  gives 
it  the  very  slightest  thought,  he  will 
understand;  Se  —  accade  avvisatemi 
subito,  if  the  least  thing  occurs,  let  me 
know  at  once  ;  Se  nient'  e,  if  there  is 
any  occasion.  3.  as  adv.,  certainly  not, 
—  affatto,  not  at  all. 

Nientedim^no  adv.  ;  nevertheless, 
or  as  excl.  of  astonishment,  really  ! 

Nientem£no  (che)  ;  no  less  (than). 

tNiesci;  v.  Nesci. 

*Nievo  m.  (mlt.  «/-//z'o,<L.  nepos);  nephew. 

*  Niffay;  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Neb);  snout. 
•Niffo,  Niffolo  ;//.  ;  i.  snout,     ii.  proboscis  of  a 

bee.     iii.  ugly  face. 
tNifito;  angry. 

Nigella/  (L.  nigellus);  (bot.)  fennel-flower,  a 
genus  of  Rntiitnculaceae  ;  there  is  no  British  species; 
the  seeds  are  used  as  a  flavouring. 

Nigetti  ;  Tela  del  Nigetti,  a  blackguard. 

*  Nighittoso  ecc.  ;  v.  Neghittosb. 

tNigni  ;  —  Ogni,  every.  tNigotta  ;=  Niente, 
nothing. 

Nil6tico  ;  of  the  Nile. 

Nimbo  m.  ;  i.  =  Nembo,  thunder- 
storm. 2.  (eccl.)  nimbus,  aureola. 
3.  gold  band  on  the  forehead  anciently 
worn  by  women. 

*  Nimicare  ;  =  Nemicare,  v.  Nemico. 

Nimo  (L.  nemo,  contr.  of  neltento,  liemo  being 
an  old  L.  form  of  homo)  ;  nobody. 

Nina;  v.  Nino. 
t  Nincio  m.;  pig. 


Ninfa  /  (L.  nympha,  =  Gr.  viV 
I.    nymph.     2.    chrysalis.     3.    (hot.)  - 
d'  acqua,  water-nymph,  Naias  marina, 
also  termed  Spina  de'  ranocchi. 

Ninfale  ;  of  a  nymph.  As  sb.,  head 
of  a  nymph,  as  an  architectural  orna- 
ment. 


;(bot.)  I.  water-lily,  Nym- 
phaea.  2.  —  di  Egitto,  Egyptian  lotus, 
Nymphaea  lotus,  also  termed  Loto 
egiziano.  3.  --  della  regina  Vittoria, 
Victoria  regalis.  4.  -  sacra  delle 
Indie,  Indian  sacred  lotus,  Nclitmbiitm 
speciosum. 

*  Ninfeggiare  ;  to  be  affected. 

Ninfeo  ;//.  ;  temple  of  the  Nymphs. 


398 


NINFERNO— NOCERE 


*  Ninferno  ;  =  Inferno. 
Ninf-etta,  -ettina;  dims,  of  Ninfa. 

Ninfolo  ni.  (v.  Niffo);  i.  muzzle  of 
an  ox.  2.  the  soft  parts  of  the  palate 
of  an  ox. 

Nini  (v.  Ninnare);  a  baby  word, 
ducky! 

Ninna  ;  v.  Nanna.  E  ninna  e 
ninna  e  nanna,  an  exclamation  of 
anger. 

Ninn-are ;  i.  to  rock  to  sleep. 
2.  -aria,  -arsela,  Star  a  — ,  to  be  un- 
decided. 

Ninnar^lla/;  dim.  Ninna,  cradle 
song. 

*  Ninnolaia  f.\  affected  woman. 

Ninnolare  ind.  Ninnolo;  to  amuse 
(children). 

Ninnolo  m. ;  toy  or  trifle  of  any  kind, 
nick-nack. 

Ninnol6ne  ;//. ;  trifler. 

Nino  m. ;  baby  word,  ducky,     tpig. 

N  i6bio  in. ;  niobium,  a  metal  discovered  in  1843. 
Nipitellay:;  v.  Nepitella. 

Nip6t-e  m.  or  f.  (L.  nepos,  cp. 
O.H.G.  «*/&,>  Germ.  Neffe,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Nephew) ;  nephew,  niece,  or  grand- 
child ;  in  pi.,  descendants.  —  cugino, 
cousin's  child.  AJf.  -accio  pegg.,  -ame 
spreg.  crowd  of  nephews  and  nieces, 
-erfa  i.q.  -ame,  -{no  or  -ina  dim.,  -ismo 
as  E. 

•Niquitellay:;  v.  Nepitella. 
Niscondere;  ?'.  Nascondere. 

*  Niso  »/. ;  falcon,  from  Nisus,  the  fabled  king  of 
Megara,  who  was  turned  into  a  hawk. 

Nissayi;  (gffffr.)  Nisch,  in  Scrvia,  the  birth- 
place  of  Constantine  the  Great. 

Nissuno;  =  Nessuno,  no  one. 

Nistagmo  ;;/.  (Gr.  pvornyfios,  <  I'uorofeu1,  to 
nod) ;  nystagmus,  incessant  movement  of  the  eye. 

Nftid-0  (L.  nitidiis};  shining.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -£zza. 

Nitr-ire  (Anitrire,  Annitrire),  ind. 
-isco  (L.  hinnire,  perhaps  through  a 
freq.  **hivnitire  or  a  desiderative 
**hinnitnrire) ;  to  neigh. 

Nitro,  or  Salnitro  m.  (Gr.  vhpov,  perhaps  a 
Semitic  word,  cp.  Hebrew  netar,  to  effervesce)  ; 
nitre. 

Aff.  Nitr-ato,  -ico,  -ffero,  -ificare,  -ificazione, 
-obenzina,  -ogene  or  6-geno,  -oglicerina. 

Nittalopia  _/;  (Gr.  ruKToAwn-ia) ;  night  blind- 
ness. 

Nittibii  tn.  pl.\  (ornith.)  a  genus  of  South 
American  goat-suckers,  Nyctibiits. 

Nitticdra  /«.;  — Corvo  di  notte,  night  heron,  v. 
Corvo  (•}). 

Nittitante  (L.  nictare,  to  beckon).  Membrana 
— ,  nictitating  membrane  or  inner  eyelid  in  birds. 

Niuno  ;=  Nessuno,  no  one. 

Niutonianismo  ;«.;  the  theories  of  Newton. 

Niveo  (It.  neve)  ;  snowy. 

*  Nivoso  ;  =  Nevoso,    the    French     Republican 
month  Nivose. 

Nizza/  ;  the  game  of  tip-cat. 

*  i.  quarry-waggon,     ii.   slip  on  writing-paper  to 
facilitate    sealing.      iii.    address    on    an    envelope. 
iv.   crowd. 

Nizzarda  f.  «  Nizza,  the  city  of  Nice); 
i.  wide-brimmed  lady's  straw  hat.  2.  a  kind  of 
dance. 

t  Nizzare;  =  Nitrire,  to  neigh. 

*  N  izzetta  f.  ;=Nizza  (ii). 
tNizz-o,  -ato;— Pestato. 

tNizzolay".;  i.  — ,  or  Nizzolo  in.,  a  species  of 
rat,  Eliomis  nitelti.  ii.  (oniitfl.)  (a)  —  bianca, 
snow  bunting,  v.  Zigolo  (2);  (^)  —  gialla,  yellow- 
hammer,  v .  Zigolo  (4) ;  (r)  —  prataiola,  a  species  of 
bunting,  f .  Zigolo  (5). 

tNizzolare;  to  run  about  like  a  rat. 

*  Nizzurro  >n. ;—  Nizzolo,  rat. 


N6(L.  twit);  no.     No';  =  Noi,  us. 

Noachidi  in.  pl.\  descendants  of  Noah. 

Noarese  ;  belonging  to  Novara. 

Ndbil-e  (1..  mibilis,  for  *>rgnobitis,  i.e.  know- 
able,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Know);  noble. 

Aff.  -ea  spreg.,  troop  of  nobles,  -esco  spreg., 
-itamento,  -itare  to  ennoble,  -itate  i.y.  -la,  -itazione, 
-mente,  -ta  nobility,  -uccio  dint,  spreg.,  -ume  spreg., 
the  class  of  the  nobles. 

N6cca,  pi.  Nocca  or  Nocche,  / 
(M.H.G.  knoche,  <  a  Teutonic  root 
knok,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Knuckle,  Knock) ; 
i.  knuckle.  2.  (bot.)  (a)  Erba  — , 
Christinas  rose,  (b)  Erba  • —  falsa, 
stinking  hellebore,  v.  Erba  (86,  87). 

Nocchia  /  (v.  Nocchio) ;  hazel-nut 
just  ripe. 

Nocchier-e,  -0  m.  ( L.  nauderus,  =• 
Gr.  K<iv«:Xr;pos,  ship-master,  for  vav- 
Kpapos,  <.  vaiis,  ship,  xdpa,  head)  ;  I. 
(mar.)  =  Nostromo,  boatswain.  2.  gene- 
rally, pilot. 

Nocchieruto  ;  i.q.  Nocchiuto, knotty 
(wood). 

Nocchlno  m.  ;  blow  with  the 
knuckles. 

N6cchi-0  in.  (L.  nucleus,  dim.  of 
nux)\  i.  knot,  in  wood.  2.  fruit-stone. 
3.  lump  of  mineral.  4.  (anal.)  vertebra. 
Aff.  -olfno  dim.,  -<5so  knotty  (muscles), 
-uto  knotty  (wood),  -oruto  i.q.  Noc- 
chieruto. 

Nocci61a  f.  (dim.  of  Noce) ;   hazel- 


nut. 

Nocciolaio  m.  ;  i.  nut-vendor. 
2.  (ornit/i.)  nut-cracker,  a  species  of 
jay  peculiar  to  pine  forests,  Nucifraga 
caryocatactes,  also  termed  Corvo  frangi- 
noce,  Ghiandaia  nocciolaia  ornucifraga. 

Nocciol-£tta_A;  dim.  of -a. 

Nocciol-6tto  m. ;  dim.  -o. 

Nocciol-ina/  ;  i.  =  -etta.  2.  in//., 
paste  for  soup  made  into  pieces  like  half 
nutshells. 

Nocciol-lno  m. ;  i .  =  -etto.  Fare,  or 
Giorare  a  — ,  a  boys'  game  with  peach- 
stones,  v.  Nocino.  2.  =  Moscardino, 
dormouse. 

N6cciol-0  ;//.  (either  dim.  of  It.  noce 
or  <  L.  nudeolus ;  in  any  case  it  springs 
from  L.  mix]  ;  i.  fruit-stone.  2.  in 
metal-casting,  core  of  the  cast,  usu. 
Anima. 

*i.  — del  pino,  =  Pinocchip,  pine  kernel,  ii.  Non 
saper  accozzare  tre  mani  di  -i,  i.e.  to  be  useless. 
iii.  La  pesca  avra  il  — ,  the  peach  will  have  its 
stone,  i.e.  the  affair  will  be  finished,  tiv.  £  qnel 
di  Co'  -i  che  lo  lasciai,  =  E  un  giovedi,  i.e.  a  long 
time,  v.  Giovedi. 

Nocci-61o,  Nocci-u61o  m.  (for  etym. 
v.  Nocciolo);  i.  (bot.)  hazel,  Corylus 
midland  ;  La  mazza  di  — ,  the  staff 
carried  by  corporals  in  the  Austrian 
army.  2.  a  species  of  dog-fish. 

Nocciu61-a,  -aio;  v.  Nocciol-a,  -aio. 

*Nocco;  i.  Qui  giace  Nocco,  here  is  the  point, 
ii.  71.  Nocca  (2). 

tNoccola/;  v.  Nocca  (i). 
t  Nbccolo  ;  =  Minchione,  ass. 
Noccoluto;  with  large  knuckles. 

N6c-e  (L.  mix};  (bot.)  As  m.  i.  wal- 
nut tree,  Juglans  regia.  2.  —  d'  India, 
(a)  Indian  walnut,  Aleurites  triloba ; 


(b)  cocoa  palm,  Cucus  nucifera.  3.  - 
di  Benevento,  bird-cherry,  Prunus 
padiis ;  this  is  the  tree  under  which 
the  witches  of  Italian  folk-lore  dance. 
4.  -  -  pesco,  nectarine  tree,  Prunus 
amygdalus  persicodes.  5.  --  vomico, 
Strychnos  nux-vomica.  6.  —  bianco, 
white  hickory,  Carya  alba. 

As  /  with  pi.  noci,  or  pop.  noce. 
7.  walnut,  the  fruit.  8.  —  moscada,  or 
—  mosca,  nutmeg.  9.  cocoa-nut.  10.  — 
del  piede,  or  absol.  Noce,  ankle-bone, 
external  or  internal  malleolus.  ii.  - 
greca,  almond.  12.  —  galla,  gall-apple. 

13.  —  pesca  or  Pesca  noce,  nectarine. 

14.  —  puzza  or  —  spinosa,  thorn-apple, 
ii.  Stramonio. 

Phrases  :  15.  Quanto  una  — ,  i.e.  a 
mouthful  ;  Avra  mangiato  in  tutto  il 
giorno,  quanto  una  —  di  pane,  he  has 
probably  had  only  a  mouthful  of  bread 
the  whole  day.  16.  Una  —  in  un  sacco 
non  fa  rumore,  one  walnut  in  a  bag 
makes  no  noise,  said  when  there  is  an 
insufficiency  of  means  for  anything. 

17.  C'   e   chi  ha  le  voci   e   chi   le   -i, 
i.e.  reputation  and  reality  are  different. 

18.  Giocare  alle  -i,  v.  Nocino.    19.  Non 
pigliare   una    -  -    con   sette    gusci,   an 
expression  referring  to  dirty  habits,  as 
in  the  following,  Farsi  servire  da  certa 
gente  che  non  ci  piglierei  una  —  con 
sette  gusci,  to  keep  servants  from  whom 
I  would  not  take  a  walnut  with  seven 
shells,  i.e.  very  dirty  servants.  20.  Schi- 
acciare  le  -i,   to  crack  walnuts,  i.e.  to 
plant  one's  feet  awkwardly.     21.  Las- 
ciarsi   schiacciare  le  -i  in  capo,  to  let 
walnuts  be  cracked  on  one's  head,  i.e. 
submit  to  ill  treatment.     22.    Barattar 
le  -i  in  coccole,  to  exchange  walnuts  for 
berries,    i.e.     make     a     bad     bargain. 
23.    Mangiar   le   -i    col   mallo,   to  eat 
walnuts  with  the  rind,  i.e.  call  a  man 
names  who  will  return  as  good  as  he 
gets.     24.  Sarebbe  entrato  in  un  guscio 
di  — ,  he  would  creep   into  a  walnut 
shell,  i.e.  make  himself  very  small  (on 
being  found  fault  with). 


f. ;  i.  ball  and  socket  joint ; 
—  della  mano,  or  Nocellina  della  mano, 
the  bones  of  the  wrist.  2.  the  joint  of  a 
pair  of  compasses.  *hazel  nut. 

*  Nocellata  /!;  a  sort  of  pastry  made  with  honey 
and  almonds. 

*  Nocellato;  jointed  together,  v.  Nocella  (2). 
Nocellina  f.;  — della  mano,  11.  Nocella  (i). 

*Nocello  ;«.;=  Nocciolo,  hazel. 

Nocemoscada  / ;  nutmeg,  v.  Noce 
(8). 

Noc6nt-e  m.\  pop.  for  Innocentino. 
Metier  un  bambino  a'  -i,  to  place  a  baby 
in  the  foundling  hospital. 

Nocentin-o  m.,  -a/;  pop.  for  Inno- 
centino, v.  Nocente. 

Nocepesc-o  m.;  (bot.)  nectarine  tree, 
-a/;  nectarine,  Prunus  amygdalus  per- 
sicodes. 

Nocere  or  Nubcere,  ind.  noccio  or 
nuoccio,  noci  or  nuoci,  noce  or  nuoce, 
nociamo  nocete,  nocciono  or  nu6cciono; 
perf.  nocqui  noce'sti  nocque  noc&nmo 


NOCETO— NORCINO 


399 


noceste  nocquero  ;  Jut.  nocero ;  subj. 
noccia  ;  perf.  subj.  nocessi ;  part,  no- 
ciuto  (L.  nocere,  root  nee,  to  destroy, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Noxious);  to  hurt. 

Noc6to  m. ;  plantation  of  walnuts. 

Nocevol-e;  hurtful.  Aff.  -6zza, 
-mente. 

Nociaccia  /  ;  pegg.  Noce,  walnut. 
Nociaiblo  m. ;  walnut-seller 
Nocinay^ ;  dim.  vezz.  Noce,  walnut. 

Nocfn-o  m. ;  a  boys'  game ;  they 
make  as  many  little  heaps  of  walnuts 
as  there  are  players,  at  which  they 
throw  with  another  walnut  termed 
Bocco,  often  loaded  with  lead ;  each 
thrower  takes  the  walnuts  he  knocks 
down. 

*As  adj.;  i.   made  of  walnut,     ii.  (from  Nocere) 
Lingua  -a,  slanderous  tongue. 

Nocidna  J. ;  augm.  Noce,  large 
walnut. 

Nocidne  m.  ;  augm.  Noce,  great 
walnut  tree. 

*Nocistio  ;«.;  i.  =  Nocione.     ii.  =  Frassino,  ash 
tree. 

Nociuccia  / ;  dim.  spreg.  Noce, 
walnut. 

Nociv-o ;  injurious.     Aff.  -ame'nte. 
Nocume^nto  m. ;  injury. 

Nodell-O  m. ;  i.  joint  in  a  cane. 
2.  joint  of  the  body,  esp.  wrist  or  ankle 
joint.  Aff.  -dtto  dim.  vezz. 

Nod-er6so  (  =-oso),  -dtto  dim.  vezz., 
-ic&llo  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz. ;  v.  Nodo. 

N6d-o  m.  (L.  nodus,  cp.  Sanskr. 
nah,  orig.  nadh,  to  tie,  pp.  nadd/ta 
tied,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Node);  i.  knot;  — 
di  Salomone,  a  design  snowing  a  knot 
without  any  ends  to  the  cords  being 
visible ;  —  di  tosse,  fit  of  coughing  ; 
Far  -  -  alia  gola,  to  stick  in  one's 
throat,  a  phrase  often  used  fig.  as  in 
English  ;  Viene  il  —  al  pettine,  the 
knot  reaches  the  comb,  i.e.  the  diffi- 
culty is  bound  to  arise ;  but  the  meaning 
of  another  similar  phrase  is  different, 
Tutti  i  -i  vengono  al  pettine,  sooner 
or  later  a  man's  sins  will  find  him  out ; 
scherz.  Fare  un  —  al  naso,  i.e.  al 
fazzoletto,  to  tie  a  knot  in  one's  pocket- 
handkerchief.  2.  knot  in  a  reed,  or  the 
swelling  in  the  body  of  an  earth-worm ; 
Cercare  il  —  nel  giunco,  to  seek  the 
knot  in  a  rush,  i.e.  look  for  difficulties 
where  there  are  none.  3.  wrist,  ankle, 
or  neck  joint.  4.  -i  di  S.  Giuseppe, 
della  Annunziata,  di  S.  Marco  or  del 
cuculo,  the  strong  winds  prevalent  at 
the  season  of  these  festivals,  or  of  the 
singing  of  the  cuckoo.  5.  —  piano, 
reef  knot ;  —  falso,  granny  ;  —  tnar- 
gherita,  sheepshank ;  —  vaccaio,  carrick 
bend;  —  da  gancio  semplice,  Blackwall 
hitch;  —  parlato  semplice,  clove-hitch  ; 
for  other  kinds  of  knot  v.  Gruppo  (4), 
Gassa  (2)  to  (5),  and  Paasch,  Diz.  mar., 
plate  109.  6.  (arch.)  the  projecting 
fines  on  the  exterior  of  a  tower  corre- 
sponding to  the  successive  floors. 


7.  (astr.)  node,  intersection  of  the  orbit 
of  a  planet  with  the  plane  of  the  earth's 
orbit.  8.  (mar.)  knot  measuring  a 
geographical  mile. 

*i.  string  (of  pearls),  ii.  —  a  pie  d'  uccellino, 
knot  easily  untied,  iii.  spinning  round  of  a  dancer 
on  the  tips  of  his  toes.  iv.  Far  —  alia  materia,  to 
make  an  end  of  it.  v.  =  Strozzamenlo,  strangling. 
vi.  -i  della  vita,  the  ties  of  the  soul  to  the  body, 
vii.  —  d'  acqua,  whirlpool. 

Nod-psamente,  -osita,  -6so;  v.  Nodo. 
Nodrire  ;  poet,  for  Nutrire,  to  nourish. 
Noetico;  of  Noah. 

*  Noferi ;  for  Onofrio.     Restare  come  ser  — ,  to 
be  destitute.     Restare  come  i  buoi  di  — ,  i.e.  dis- 
appointed.    Fare  il  — ,  to  pretend  ignorance, 
t  Noga  f. ;  place  of  romping  games. 
t Noghera./;  =  Noce,  walnut  tree. 

Noi  (L.  nos,  cp.  Germ,  uns,  v.  Skeat,  sitb  Us); 
we.  A  — !  come  ! 

N6i-a  J.  (from  the  L.  phrase  est 
inihi  in  odio,  of  which  the  words  in 
odio  taken  as  a  sb.  formed  Span,  enojo, 
Provenc..  enois,  Fr.  ennui,  It.  **inodio 
>**nodio>noia) ;  weariness,  tedium, 
nuisance.  Aver  a  — ,  to  dislike. 

Aff.  -are,  -osamente,  -osino  dim.  of  -oso,  -osita, 
•oso,  -uccia  dim.,  petty  annoyance. 

Noialtri  ;  people  like  us,  cp.  Fr. 
nous  aulres. 

Nol ;  short  for  Non  lo. 

Nolano;  of  Nola.     II — ,  Giordano  Uruno. 

Noleggi-are  ind.  noleggio  (It.  nolo) ; 
r.  to  charter  (a  ship).  2.  to  transport 
in  a  ship.  Aff.  -amento,  -at6re. 

Nol6ggio  m. ;  freight,  hire.  Con- 
tralto di  — ,  charter-party. 

Nolente  (L.  nolens);  unwilling. 

N61o  m.  (L.  naulunt,  passage- 
money,  <  Gr.  vav\ov,  <  vaiis,  ship)  ; 
i.  cost  of  freight  ;  —  mancato,  dead 
freight,  merchandise  withdrawn  by  the 
shipper.  2.  hire  of  any  article. 

Nomaccio  HI.;  pegg.  Nome. 

N6made  ;«.  (Gr.  po/iat,  pasturing,  akin  to 
fo*£o?,  pasture,  and  to  i/e'^oj,  to  allot,  root  lu'in,  to 
distribute) ;  as  E. 

*Nomanza;  v.  Nominanza. 

Nomarca  m.  (Gr.);  chief  of  an  Egyptian 
province. 

Nomare;  T.  Nominare. 

tNombolo  m.  ;  (mar.)  i.  =  Cordone  semplice, 
strand  of  a  rope.  ii.  in //.,=  Fiori,  bilges. 

N6me  in.  ;  name. 

Etym.  L.  nomen ;  cognate  forms  occur  in  all 
the  Indogermanic  languages,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Name. 
"  In  Latin,  nomen,  as  is  shewn  by  cognomen,  was 
referred  by  popular  etymology  to  nosco"  (Prellwitx, 

sitb  "OvOfLO). 

Nomea  f. ;  reputation,  esp.  in  bad 
sense. 

Nomenclat6re  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.) ;  slave  in  ancient  Rome  who  called 
the  name  of  visitors. 

Nomenclature /;  nomenclature. 

Nomentano;  of  Nomentum,  now  Mentana. 
*  Nomico;  (tnus.)  using  the  sharps. 
*Nomiere  m. ;  scherz.  name-giver. 

Nomignolo  ;//. ;  nick-name. 

N6min-a  f. ;  i.  nomination;  —  in 
extremis,  made  by  a  minister  leaving 
office.  2.  card  of  admission. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ale,  -almente,  -are,  -atamente  by 
name,  -atore. 

Nominalia  tn.  pi.;  festival  of  naming  a  child. 

Nominal-ismo  nt.;   nominalism,  the  doctrine 
that    universals    have    no    concrete    existence,    v. 
Realismo.     Aff.  -ista. 
'Nominanza./;  fame. 

Nominative  ;  i.  as  E;  Stato  — , 
register  ;  Titolo  — ,  inscribed  bond, 
certificate  of  shares  not  transferable  by 


delivery,  v.   Portatore.     2.   as  sb.,  dis- 
tinctive signal. 

Nomino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  or  iron,  of  Nome. 

*  Nome  ;//.;=  Nome,  name. 
Nom6ne  tit. ;  augm.  Nome. 

*  Nomora ;  old  /.  pi.  of  Nome. 
Nompari^lia^C;  the  type,  v.  Nonpariglia. 
Nomucc-io,  -iaccio  ;«.;  dim.,  dim.  spreg.  of 

Nome. 

Non  (L.  tton,<.ne  ocnitm,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Non-) ;  not.  Non  che,  not  merely.  Non  che 
altro,  at  least.  Che  e,  che  non  e,  in  a  moment. 

N6n-a  f.  (L.  nona,  sc.  hora) ; 
i.  period  of  three  hours  ending  at 
sunset.  2.  nones,  the  canonical 
"  Hours,"  recited  at  3  p.m.  V.  Canonico 
and  the  note  under  Ora. 

*  i.     Mezza    — ,    the    time    between    nones    and 
vespers,     ii.   Sonar  compieta  avanti  — ,  to  do  some- 
thing, or  to  have  it  happen  out  of  its  right  order, 
iii.   Far  le  -e,  or  Sonar  le  -e,  to  refuse  beforehand,  a 
play  of  words  between  Non  and  Nona. 

Nonagenario  (L. ,  for  the  mode  of  formation 
v.  Ottuagenario);  as  E. 

Nonagesimo  (L.  nonagcsitnus,<./totutginta, 
ninety,  v.  Nono,  Venti);  —  Novantesimo,  ninetieth. 

*  Noncovelle  ;  not  at  all. 
Noncuran-te;  indifferent,  careless.     Aff.  -za. 

*  Nonde  ;=  Non  ne,  or  Non  se  ne. 

Nondimanco,  Nondime'no  ;  never- 
theless. 

Ndne  f.  pi.  (L.  ttonae,  viz.  the  pth  day  before 
the  Ides) ;  none_s,  the  5th  day  of  the  month  in  ancient 
Rome  except  in  March,  May,  July  and  October, 
when  it  was  the  7th. 

Ndnio  m. ;  (main.)  vernier,  a  certain  kind  of 
graduated  scale  invented  by  Nunez,  a  Portuguese 
mathematician,  and  perfected  by  Vernier,  a  French- 
man. *one  of  the  horses  of  Pluto. 

Nonistante ;  =  Nonostante. 

_*  Nonmagre  ///.;  a  kind  of  game.    Giocare  a  — , 
said  of  two  persons  who  do  not  get  on  together. 

Nbnna  f.  (L.  nonna,  nurse); 
i.  grandmother;  Prov.  Anche  la  mi'  - 
se  non  fosse  morta  sarebbe  viva,  a  saw 
usable  on  hearing  too  many  conditional 
statements;  *Buona  sera  — ,  a  way  of 
telling  a  man  he  is  drunk.  2.  =  Airone, 
heron. 

*NonnaiayT;  grandmother's  tale,  fable. 

*  Nonnaio  ;  Bambino  — ,  granny's  boy. 
*Nonnamone  m.;  anemone. 

Nbnno  m.  (L.  nonnus,  tutor); 
I.  grandfather.  2.  quasi-fig.  old  mush- 
room, or  big  cobble-stone. 

*  i.  =  Padrino,  god-father,      ii.    Gli  hanno  dato  il 
tabacco  del  — ,  i.e.  he  has  been  turned  out  (more 
//'/.  thrown  away). 

Nonndne  m. ;  augm.  Nonno,  feeble 
old  man. 

Nonndtto  in.;  (ornith.)  little  bittern,  Ardea 
minitta,  also  termed  Guacco,  Tarabusino,  Aghirone 
piccolo. 

Nonnuccio  ;  dim.  vezz.  Nonno. 

Nonnulla  m. ;  a  mere  nothing. 

*  Nonnumerario  tn.;  supernumerary. 

N6no  (L.  nonus,  contr.  oi**novenus, 
<  novem,  v.  Nove) ;  ninth. 

Nonostante ;  notwithstanding. 
Nonpariglia  / ;   (print.)  nonpareil 
type,  v.  Carattere  (3). 

Nonpertanto ;  notwithstanding. 

•Nonuplare;  to  multiply  by  nine. 

Nopale  m. ;  (hot)  a  species  of  cactus  on  which 
the  cochineal  insect  lives,  viz.  either  Nopalea  cocci- 
nfllifera,  or  Oputitia  Tutui. 

N6ra  f. ;  i.q.  Nuora,  daughter-in- 
law. 

Nprcfno  m.  (lit.  from  the  city  of 
Norcia) ;  i.  pork  butcher.  2.  swine- 
gelder.  3.  spreg.  clumsy  surgeon. 
4.  fig.  clumsy  writer.  5.  dirty  person. 


400 

N6rd  in.  (Germanic,  ».  Skeat,  sub  North); 
north. 

N6rdico;  northern. 

Nbria  /  (Span.  twria,<o\&  Span. 
naora,  <  Arabic  nd'ora/t,  water-wheel 
for  irrigation);  irrigation-wheel,  a  kind 
of  windlass  with  several  buckets  for 
drawing  water. 

Norimberga;  Nuremberg,  in  Germany. 
*Norire;  =  Nutrire,  to  nourish. 

N&rma/  (L.  turnia,  for  **  gnorima,  rootfita, 
to  know,  z>.  Skeat,  suk  Normal);  standard,  guidance. 
*  carpenter's  square. 

Normal-e;  normal,  conforming  to  standard. 
Scuola  —  ,  training  school  for  teachers.  Linea  —  , 
(math.)  line  at  right  angles  to  the  tangent  to  a  curve. 
Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Normanno  ;  (print.)  a  rather  large  type. 

*  Noro/;=Nora,  daughter-in-law. 
Nort,  Norte;=Nord. 
Norvegia;  Norway. 

*  Nosco;  with  us. 

Nosocbmio  in.  ;  hospital. 

Ktvtn.  L.  iwsocoiniitin,  =  Gr.  vo<ro«ofi€ioc,  < 
i/dffos,  disease,  +  xou-eia.  to  take  care  of.  Nocros  is 
akin  to  veopat,  to  go,  and  originally  meant  home- 
sickness, as  in  Od.  ii,  200,  oims  »»oi  roSiros  eirijAvSe, 
no  desire  for  home  came  upon  me.  KOIM'CU  is  akin 
to  Kdfj.ru,  to  toil,  Sanskr.  fawi,  work. 

Nosologia  /.  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Nosomania/  (Gr.);  hypochondria. 

*  Nossa/.  (L.  noxa,  akin  to  noceo);  disputation. 
Nossignore;  no,  sir  ! 

Nost-algia/  (L.,<Gr.,<^<i(TTof,  re- 
turn, cp.  vfo/jiai  to  go,  +  (iX-yfo)  to  grieve); 
homesickness.  Aff.  -algico. 

Nostral-e  ;  homegrown.  Passera 
—  ,  Italian  sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  a). 
Aff.  -mente. 

Nostrano  ;  i.y.  Nostrale. 

N6stro  (I,,  nasttr,  v.  Noi);  our. 

Nostrbmo  m.  ;  (mar.)  boatswain. 

Etym.  Span,  iint-strumo,  which  however  is 
not  boatswain,  but  simply  our  master,  <  ntiestro, 
our,  +  amo,  manager,  akin  to  Germ.  A  mme,  nurse, 
of  imit.  origin  ;  the  Spanish  for  boatswain  is  Contra- 
maestre. 

N6ta  /  (L.,<nosco,  v.  Nozione); 
i.  note.  2.  list. 

*i.  letter  of  the  alphabet,  ii.  figure,  numeral. 
iii.  Movers!  a  —  ,  to  dance  in  time  to  the  music. 
iv.  Venire  in  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  acquire  notoriety. 
v.  scorn,  vi.  voice. 

Notabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 
Notai-o   m.  ;  =  Notaro,   notary.      Aff.   -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Notare  ind.  noto  ;  (A)  to  note.  (B)  i.q.  Nuo- 
tare,  to  swim. 

*to  follow  in  tune,  D.  Purg.  30.  02. 

Notar-esco  sfreg..  -iale  =  -ile,  -lato  profes- 
sion of  a  notary,  -lie  adj.;  v.  Notaro. 

Notaro,   Notaio  m.  (L.  ti/itarius,<itota,  v. 
Nota);    notary,  solicitor,  conveyancer. 
Notata/;  a  long  swim. 

Not-at6re  m.,  -atrice/.;  mua,  of  Notare  (A). 
Notazi6ne/;  notation. 
Noterell-a/  dim.,  -ina  suit-Jim.,  of  Nota. 
•Noteria/;  i.   practice  of  a  notary,     ii.   short- 
hand of  the  old  kinds. 

Not£vol-e;  notable.    Aff.  -mente. 
Noticina/;  dim.  vezz.  TJota. 
Notidand   m.;  —  capopiatto,  grey,  a  species 
of  shark,  Notidanus  griseus,  locally  termed  Gallon 
bruno,  Cagnia,  Mounge,  Pescc  bove,  Pesce  manzo, 
Capopiatto,  Capochiatto. 

Notific-are  ind.  notifico,  -hi  (L.);  to  notify. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 
Notina/;  dim.  Nota,  note. 
Noti&metro   m.    (Gr.,  <  ronos,  wet)  ;    hygro- 
meter. 

Notizi-a/  (L.,<«o^a,  v.  Nota,  A);  notice, 
news.  Aff.  -accia  ffgg. 

Notiziario  m.  ;  note-book. 
Notizi-etta  dim.,  -61a  dim.  or  dim.  spreg. 
of  -a. 

Nbto  m.  (A)  (L.,<Gr.  voros)  ;  wind, 
properly  south  wind.  (B)  ;  v.  Nuoto. 
(0)  (L.  notus,  v.  Nozione);  known. 

;  baslard. 


.  ,. 

Notomia/;  fop.  for  Anatomia. 


NORD— NOVELLISTA 

Notonetta/.  (Gr.  viior,  back,  via,  to  swim); 
boat-fly,  Notonecta,  a  genus  of  insects  which  swim 
with  the  abdomen  upwards. 

Not6ri-o  (\..,<Hotor,    a   witness,  <  nolus,   "'. 
Nozione);  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -eta. 
*  Notoso  (It.  nota);  marked,  stained. 
•Notricare;  v.  Nutricare. 
Nottambulo;  somnambulist. 

Nottante  m. ;  night-watcher  in  ill- 
ness. 

Nott-ata  /;  time  of  one  night, 
-accia  pegg.  of  -e. 

N6tte/  (L.  nox,  cp.  Gr.  ™£,  Welsh 
nos,  Russian  nocA',  v.  Skeat,  sub  Night); 
i.  night.  2.  Legato  a  — ,  (jewel.)  set 
with  a  metal  hacking,  opposed  to  Le- 
gato a  giorno,  set  without  backing. 

*i.  Tra  P  ultima  —  e  il  primo  die,  between  the 
end  of  the  world  and  the  beginning  of  it,  D.  Par. 
7.  112.  ii.  Andar  cli  — ,  of  a  writer,  to  be  obscure. 

t  Notteggiare,  Notticare  ;  to  walk  by  nij;ht. 

Nottiluca/;  an  animalcule,  Noctiliica,  which 
causes  the  phosphorescence  of  the  sea. 

Nottivago  ;  roaming  by  night. 

N6ttol-a  /  (L.  noctula,<nox,  v. 
Notte);  i.  wooden  door-latch.  2.  a 
species  of  bat,  Vespertilio  noctua.  3.  a 
species  of  owl,  Strix  aluco.  Prov. 
Portar  -e  a  Atene,  i.e.  to  carry  coals 
to  Newcastle,  Athena  having  been  the 
goddess  of  owls.  4.  goat-sucker,  night- 
jar, Caprimulgus  Europaeus,  also 
termed  Nottolone,  Succiacapre,  Bocca- 
lone,  Calcabotto,  Caprimulgo,  Piattai- 
one,  Portaquaglie,  Stiaccione.  5.  Prov. 
Come  maestro  Nottola  che  d'  una  trave 
fece  una  trottola  (a  peg-top),  v.  Notto- 
lino  (2). 

*a  kind  of  cloth  stirrup  for  fastening  a  dress. 
*Nottolata/;=Nottata,  period  of  a  night. 
*  Nottolina  /;=  Nottolino  (4)  and  (6). 

Nottolfno  m.;  i.  dim.  Nottola  (i). 
2.  Prov.  Come  prete  Pino  che  d'  una 
trave  fece  un  — ,  like  Pino  the  priest 
who  made  a  door-latch  out  of  a  plank, 
i.e.  used  much  material  to  produce  very 
little.  3.  one  of  the  Order  of  St  Maurice 
who  have  a  latch  on  their  collars.  4.  re- 
volving bar  which  fixes  itself  on  dropping 
into  a  notch.  5.  elongated  button  on  a 
dressing-gown,  etc.  6.  scherz.  the 
Adam's  apple  of  the  throat;  Serrare 
il  —  a  uno,  to  strangle  him.  7.  a  little 
wooden  bar  in  the  frame  used  by  book- 
binders. 8.  cam,  on  the  rim  of  a 
wheel. 

Nbttolo  m. ;  shutter-bar,  v.  Notto- 
lino (4). 

•i.  bat.     ii.  v.  Nottolone. 

Nottoldne  m. ;  i.  a  great  good-for- 
nothing  fellow.  2.  augm.  Nottola  (2) 
large  bat.  3.  night-jar,  v.  Nottola  (4). 
*spreg.  night-walker. 

Nbttua  /.;  i.  =  Nottola  (3),  owl. 
2.  in  pi.  a  numerous  genus  of  moths, 
Noctuidae. 

Notturno  ;  i.  nocturnal.  2.  as  s&., 
nocturn,  a  religious  office  said  at 
night.  3.  (mus.)  nocturne,  a  piece  of 
slow  music  such  as  Chopin  often  wrote. 

N6tula  /  (mlt.  notiila) ;  lawyer's  or 
other  professional  bill. 

Nbvayi ;  news. 

Novale;  fallow. 


Novale'sa/ ;  the  name  of  a  monas- 
tery near  Susa  famed  for  its  old 
historical  documents.  Cronaca  della 
— ,  a  chronicle  there  of  tlie  i  ith  cen- 
tury. Monaco  della  — ,  its  writer. 

Novamente;  i.  afresh,  again.     2.  lately. 

Novansei  ;  for  Novanta  sei,  ninety- 
six. 

Novanta  (It.  nove,  with  suffix 
borrowed  from  Trenta,  (^uaranta,  etc.); 
ninety. 

Novantenne  ;  ninety  years  old. 

Novantesimo  ;  ninetieth. 

Novantina  /  ;  parcel  of  ninety 
things. 

Novantuno  ;  ninety-one.  Miseria 
fa  — ,  misery  is  ninety-one,  the  num- 
bers drawn  at  the  public  lotteries 
stopping  at  ninety,  v.  Ambo.  Similarly 
a  wretched  complaining  person  may  be 
called  Novantuno. 

Nova-tire  in.,  -tbra,  -trice/.;  innovator. 

Novazidne  /. ;  (leg.)  i.  alteration 
in  a  contract.  2.  renewal  or  conversion 
of  a  loan. 

N6ve  (L.  noTjem,  cp.  Gr.  cWca,  < 
fwfpa,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Nine);  nine. 

Novecentesimo ;  nine-hundredth,  or 
as  st>.,  that  fractional  part. 

Novell-a  /;  i.  story.  2.  piece  of 
news.  3.  -e  da  contare  a  veglia,  stories 
for  the  evening,  childish,  impossible. 
4.  —  di  Petuzzo,  childish  story,  told 
anyhow.  5.  Si,  la  —  del  prete  Rocca- 
bella,  i.e.  no  story  at  all,  said  to  a  child 
who  asks  for  a  story  which  one  does 
not  wish  to  tell  ;  similarly,  La  —  dello 
Stento,  the  story  of  Go  without;  La 
novella  dello  Stento  che  dura  tanto 
tempo  te  1'  ho  a  dire?  te  la  diro?  Then 
whether  the  answer  is  yes,  or  no,  one 
repeats  the  same  thing  beginning  Che 
si  dice  di  si  (or  di  no),  alia  novella,  etc. 
6.  (leg.)  Novelle  is  the  name  of  the  new 
constitutions  of  Justinian  published  on 
his  death  (566)  in  Greek  and  translated 
into  Latin  under  Justinian  II.  They 
form  the  fifth  and  last  part  of  the 
Corpus  of  Roman  law. 

•i.  uproar.  ii.  idle  talk.  iii.  conversation. 
iv.  Fare  — ,  to  revolt,  v.  affectation,  vi.  Porsi 
in  -e  con  uno,  to  go  to  law  with  him. 

Novellaccia  /  ;  nasty  or  badly 
written  story. 

Novellame'nte  ;  again,  afresh. 

Novell-are  ind.  novello ;  to  tell 
stories.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

Novelle"tta  /  ;  children's  story. 

Novellier-e  >«.,  -a  /;  i.  story- 
writer.  2.  gossip-monger. 

Novelliero  adj.  ;  bringing  news. 

Novellina  /;  i.  i.y.  Novelletta. 
2.  idle  tale. 

Novellino;  i.  fresh  (vegetables). 
2.  newly  entered  into  office,  newly 
married,  etc. 

Novellista  m.  ;  i.  =  Novelliere. 
2.  political  gossip. 


NOVELLO— NUZIALE 


401 


Novell-o ;  fresh.  Messa  -a,  the 
first  mass  said  by  a  priest.  I  -i  Bruti, 
Brutuses  of  the  present  day.  Plinio 
— ,  Pliny  the  younger.  As  s6.,  new 
sprout  from  the  stub  of  a  chestnut,  etc. 

*  i.   Venderc  or  Comprare  a  — ,  to  sell,  or  buy,  a 
growing  crop.     ii.  Di — ,  for  the  first  time.     lit.    Per 
— ,  again,  de  tiovo. 

Novellucciay?;  dim.  spreg.  Novella. 
Novembre  m.  (L.  navembris)',  November. 

Novena  f. ;  church  service  for  the 
nine  days  preceding  a  festival. 

Novenario  ;  of  nine  syllables. 

Novendiale;  i.  Sacrifizio — ,  a  nine 
days'  expiatory  service  after  a  prodigy 
in  ancient  Rome.  2.  as  s6.,  a  service 
held  nine  days  after  a  funeral.  3.  the 
funeral  service  in  the  Vatican  Basilica 
after  the  death  of  a  Pope. 

Novennale  ;  recurring  every  ninth 
year. 

Noveniie  ;  nine  years  old. 

Novennio  m. ;  period  of  nine  years. 

Noverare(It.novero);  to  enumerate. 

*  Noverca/!  (L.  turverca,  for  norverica,<Hovus)\ 
stepmother,  usit.  Matrigna. 

Novero  m.  (var.  of  Nuinero) ; 
number,  list. 

*  L  number  (arithmetical),     ii.   Dar  —  fallente,  to 
supply  short  measure,     iii.   date.     iv.   Recare  a  — , 
to  count,     v.    Tornare  a  — ,   to  be  of   the  right 
number,  correct  quantity. 

*  N  o veschi  m.  pi. ;  the  name  of  nine  magistrates 
formerly  holding  office  at  Siena. 

*  Noveto  >«. ;  fallow. 

Novigildo  tn.  (rait.  noviffildum,^.^.  tuntem 
4-Goth.  gild,  tax)  ;  payment  by  a  thief  of  nine  times 
the  property  stolen,  in  accord  with  Ostrogoth  law. 

Novilunio  tn. ;  new  moon. 

Novissim-o  ;  in  pi.,  the  four  last 
things,  viz.  death,  judgment,  hell  and 
heaven.  Gli  manca  il  secondo  dei  -i, 
scherz.,  he  is  lacking  in  judgment. 

Novita/;  i.  innovation.  2.  revolt. 
3.  news.  4.  novelty. 

Noviziato  m. ;  i.  novitiate.  2.  train- 
ing ;  Pagare  il  — ,  to  suffer  for  one's 
inexperience.  3.  place  where  novices 
pass  their  novitiate. 

Novizi-o  m.,  -a/  ;  i.  novice.  2.  as 
adj.,  untrained. 

Ndvo,  Nu6vo  (L.  nevus,  akin  to  Gr.  fe'os,  for 
viFos,  Wel>h  newydd,  Russian  novvii,  v.  Skeat,  $ub 
New):  new. 

Nozi6n-e/;  (L.  notio,<notus,part.ot  nosco,  to 
know,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Know) ;  notion.  Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Nbzze  /  pi.  (L.  nuptiae,<nubeo,  to 
marry,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  su6  Nuptials); 
I.  wedding.  2.  wedding  biscuits,  or 
little  cakes.  3.  Fare  le  —  di  Pulcinella, 
to  come  to  blows.  4.  Pan  di  — ,  short- 
lived happiness,  or  short-lived  atten- 
tions. 5.  Le  -  -  del  porco,  rustic 
festivities  on  killing  a  pig. 

Nube  /  (L.  nubes,  v.  Nuvola);  cloud. 

Nubila  /. ;  =  Nuvola,  cloud. 

Nubile  (L.,  v.  Nozze);  marriageable. 

Nuca  /  ;  nape  of  the  neck.  *spinal 
marrow. 

Etym.  dub.  Corn.  Proven£. ,  Span,  and  Portug. 
nHca,  Fr.  nucfite.  In  its  old  sense  it  is  doubtless 
from  Arabic  nucha,  spinal  marrow,  but  in  that  of 
nape  of  the  neck  Diez  is  inclined  to  attribute  it  to 
L.  nux,  nut,  quoting  the  Sicilian  "nuci  di  lu  cuddu," 
=  noce  del  collo,  as  opposed  to  noce  del  piede,  the 
ankle-bone.  Hatzfelu  and  Darmstetter  give  the 
Arabic  derivation  only,  which  is  also  preferred  by 
Littre. 

Nucato  ;  seasoned  with  walnuts. 
H. 


Nlicleo  m.  (L.,  contr.  from  nuculeus,  dint,  of 
nux,  nut);  as  E.  Aff".  Nucleolo  dim. 

Nud-amente  adv.,  -are  to  strip;  v.  Nudo. 

Nudibranchi  m.  pi.  (L.  nttdus+Gr.  /3pa*x'"> 
gilts);  the  sea- slugs,  Nudibranchiata. 

Nud-o  (L.  nudus,  a  contraction  from 
a  primitive  **nogwotos,  akin  to  Gothic 
nakwaths,  O.H.G.  nakot,  A.S.  nacod,  all 
participial  forms  from  a  root  noffw,  to  lay 
bare);  i.  naked.  2.  Pesce — ,  =  Gado 
minuto,  poor-fish,  v.  Gado  (2).  Aff.  -itk. 

Nudrire  (var.  of  N  utrire) ;  to  nurture. 

*  Nuga  /  (L.)  ;  trifle. 

*  Nugace  ;  using  frivolous  arguments. 

*  Nugazioneyl;  frivolous  discussion. 
*Nugol-a  /!,  -o  m. ;=  Nuvola,  cloud.    Scampaiiar 

a'  nugoli,  to  fail  in  persuading  a  person. 

*  Nugolonaccio  tn.;  chatterbox. 

*  Nui;  =  Noi,  us. 

Null-a  m.,  i.q.  Niente,  nothing. 
Aff-  -aggine,  -itk. 

Nullatenente  m.,  one  of  the  pro- 
letariate. 

Nullo  (L.,  <  tie,  not,  +  ullus,  any, 
contr. <**unulus,  dim.  of  unus,  one); 

1.  none,  no.     2.  null  and  void. 
Nume  m.  (L.  numen,<.nuo,  to  nod, 

orig.  therefore  the  divine  will) ;  i.  di- 
vinity.    2.  fig.  potentate. 

Numerabil-e;  possible  to  count.  Aff.-\&. 
Numer-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of -o.  -ale;  as  E. 
Numerare;  to  number. 

Numerario  m.  (Fr.  numeraire) ;  me- 
tallic money,  as  opposed  to  bank  notes. 

Numeratame'nte ;  one  by  one. 

Numera-t6re  m.,  -trice  / ;  i.  me- 
chanical counting-machine,  registering 
apparatus.  2.  (aritk.)  as  E. 

Numerazi6ne  /.;    i.    method  of  numbering. 

2.  (arith.)  numeration. 

Numer-etto  tn.;  dim.  of -o. 
Numerica/;  (mns.)  thorough-bass. 
Numeric-o,  -amente;  as  E. 

Numerino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  Numero, 
esp.  in  reference  to  the  Government 
lotteries.  Fare,  Giocare  al  — ,  to  play 
by  seeing  who  will  draw  the  highest 
number  out  of  a  bag. 

Numer-o  m.  (L.,  root  nem,  to  arrange, 
cp.  Gr.  vufios,  law,  vtfua,  to  distribute); 
i.  number  ;  Giocare  i  -i,  to  play  in  the 
Government  lotteries.  2.  Essere  in  — , 
to  form  a  quorum  ;  La  Camera  non  era 
in  — ,  there  was  no  quorum.  3.  rhythm, 
numbers,  in  versification.  4.  in  //., 
brains,  capacity ;  E  un  uomo  di  molti 
-i,  he  is  very  intelligent.  5.  Far  — ,  to 
be  a  mere  cipher.  6.  —  aureo,  the 
golden  number  of  the  Metonic  cycle,  so 
called  because  anciently  inscribed  on 
gilt  tablets  ;  Melon  was  an  Athenian 
who  discovered  the  fact  that  the  full 
moon  recurs  on  the  same  day  of  the 
year  every  nineteen  years. 

Numida  m.  or./;  =  Gallina  di  Faraone,  guinea- 
fowl. 

Numismatico  (coined  <  L.  nutnisma,  =  Gr. 
po/AKr^ia,  current  (:uiii,<j'd0A<K,  law);  as  E. 

*  Nummarioj=  Numismatico. 
*Nummulano  m.;  banker. 

Nummulite_/;  a  genus  of  fossil  foraminifera. 

Nuncupative  (L.,<nomen,  capio); 
Testamento  — ,  will  made  by  word  of 
mouth  only  before  witnesses,  as  by  a 
soldier  or  seaman. 

Nundinale  (L.,<novem,  +  **dinum 
=  Sanskr.  dinam,  day);  belonging  to 
market-day.  Nundinal  letter, among  the 


Romans,  meant  one  of  the  first  eight 
letters  of  the  alphabet  which  were  re- 
peated successively  from  the  first  to  the 
last  day  of  the  year.  One  of  these 
always  expressed  the  market-day, 
which  returned  every  nine  days,  every 
eight  days  by  our  reckoning. 

*Nunnolayl;  a  rustic  musical  instrument  made 
out  of  a  reed. 

Nunziale;  pop.  for  Nuziale. 
Nunziata/I;  short  for  Annunziata. 

Nunziatura/  ;  grade,  or  residence, 
of  a  Papal  nuncio  or  ambassador. 

Nunzio ;  i .  announcing.  2.  as  sb., 
Papal  ambassador. 

Etym.  L.  nuntius,  for  **  ntrventius,  contr.  from 
*  *  ttoviventius,  lit.  newcomer,  <  nauits,  venio. 

Nu6cere;  -v.  Nocere. 

Nuora,  Nora  (Nuro)/  (L.  nurus, 
for  snurus,  cp.  Sanskr.  snus/ta,  O.H.G. 
siiur,  old  Germ.  Schnur,  Gr.  was) ; 
i.  daughter-in-law.  2.  (hot.)  Suocera 
e  — ,  pansy,  Viola  tricolor. 

Nuot-are  (Notare)  ind.  nuoto  (L. 
natare,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Natation,  Naiad); 
I.  to  swim;  —  a  pancia  all'  aria,  on 
one's  back  ;  —  in  un  mar  di  latte,  or 
nel  miele,  to  be  delighted.  2.  of  a 
horse,  to  throw  its  feet  out  in  trotting. 

Aff.  -ata  long  swim,  -at<5re,  -atrice,  -o  swimming. 

Nuovo  ;  v.  Novo. 

NurAghi  m.  pi.  (supposed  to  be  a 
Phoenician  word) ;  the  large  dolmens 
of  Sardinia,  seventy  or  eighty  feet  high, 
built  up  without  mortar. 

*  NuroyI;  =  Nuora,  daughter-in-law. 

*  Nusca  f.  (fogn.  Provenc.  nosca,  clasp,  old  Fr. 
mache,  late  L.  nusca,  <  O.H.G.  nuska,  clasp,  akin 
to  L.  nectere,  v.  Nesso) ;  necklace. 

Nutare  (\^.,freq.  of  nuo,  to  nod);  to 
flicker. 

NutazidneyT;  i.  (astr.)  nutation,  alteration  in 
the  inclination  of  the  earth's  axis  of  rotation  to  the 
plane  of  the  elliptic.  2.  (bat.)  turning  of  a  flower 
towards  the  sun.  3.  (med.)  St  Vitus's  dance,  chorea. 

*  Nutetico  (Gr.  cou0€Ti*os);  monitory. 
*Nuto  m.  (L.,<««f,  to  nod);  sign,  beckoning. 
•Nutribile;  nourishing. 

Nutricare  ind.  niitrico;  i.  =  Nu- 
trire.  2.  Non  potersi  — ,  of  a  sick 
person,  to  be  unable  to  stir. 

Nutrice/;  nurse. 

Nutr-ire  (Nudrire,  Nodrire,  Notrire) 
ind.  -o  or  -isco  -isci  -isce  -iamo  -ite 
-ono,perf.  -ii,  part,  -fto  (L.,  root  snu  to 
flow,  referring  to  the  flow  of  milk,  cp. 
L.  navis,  v.  Nave,  Gr.  vf'co,  for  **  avif  <a, 
to  swim) ;  i.  to  suckle  a  baby.  2.  gene- 
rally, to  nourish.  3.  to  bring  up. 

Ajff.  -imento,  -itfno  dim.  vets,  of  -ito  fat  (baby), 
-itivo,  -itore,  -itura,  -izione. 

Nlivol-a  /  (L.  nubilus,  cloudy, < 
nubes,  cloud,  akin  to  Welsh  nudd,  mist) ; 
light  cloud. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.  of  -o,  -aglia  or  -ata  quantity  of 
clouds,  -etta  or  -fna  dim.  vezz.  of  -a,  -etto  or  -fno 
dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Nuvolo  tn.  (var.  of  Nuvola) ;  storm- 
cloud. 

Nuvoldne  m. ;  (A)  augm.  of  Nuvolo. 

(B) ;  (hist.)a.  term  applied  in  Tuscany 
to  the  Lorrainers,  from  their  always 
saying  Nous  voulons. 

Nuvol<5s-0  ;  cloudy.     Aff.  -iti. 

Nuziale  (L.  nuplialis,  v.  Nozze)  ; 
nuptial. 

51 


4°2 


O— OCCHIO 


O 


0  m.,  sometimes  /  It  has  two 
sounds,  open  and  close,  somewhat  like 
the  vowel  sounds  of  the  English  words 
Broad  and  Bode ;  they  are  distinguished 
in  this  book  where  necessary  by  a  grave 
and  acute  accent  respectively.  Abbre- 
viations :  D.O.M.,  Deo  optimo  maximo. 
O.D.C.,  offre,  dedica,  consacra.  M.O., 
minore  osservante.  P.D.O.,  prete  del- 
1'  oratorio.  O.,  oriente.  On.,  onorevole. 
N.O.,  nord  ovest.  S.O.,  sud  ovest. 
G.O.,  grand'  oriente. 

0  or  Od  (L.  auf);  or. 

0' ;  for  ove,  where. 

Oay?;  a  Javanese  ape.  tOa  »/.;  =  Grata,  gilt- 
head. 

(tsi^l/.  (Gr."Oa<ris,  from  a  Coptic  word) :  oasis. 

Ob-  ;  prefix  <  L.  ob,  akin  to  Oscan  of,  Gr.  iiri, 
v.  Skeat,  SK*  Ob-. 

Obbed-  or  Ubbid-iente,  -ientemente ;  v. 
Obbedire. 

ObbedienzayC;  i.  obedience.  2.  (feet.)  order, 
command.  3.  (eccl.)  Far  1'  — ,  to  observe  the  pre- 
scribed penance. 

Obbed-ire,  Ubbid-irc  itul,  -isco,  per/,  -ii, 
fart.  pres.  -endo  (L.  obetiire,  <obt  mtdire) ;  to  obey. 

Obbiada/! ;  —  codanera,  a  sparoid  fish,  Sparvs 
me/anitrus,  locally  termed  Occiada,  Blada,  Ucchiata. 
*Obbiadino  in.  \  wafer  for  sealing. 

Obbiettivo;  v.  Obiettivo. 

Obbietto  m. ;  v.  Obietto. 

Obbi6so;  =  Ubbioso,  superstitious. 

Obblig-are  ind.  obbligo  (L.) ;  i.  to 
oblige.  2.  to  bind.  3.  Rime  -ate,  given 
rhymes  for  which  verses  are  to  be 
made.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atorio,  -azion- 
cella  film.,  -azione,  -o  bond,  obligation. 

Obblfo  m. ;  v.  Oblio. 

•Obbri-are,  -dare  ;  =  Obliare,  to  forget. 

Obbr6bri-o  m.  (L.t<ob'probmm,  where  pro- 
bntm  is  for  ** probentm  or  **  proferum,  <proferre, 
to  bring  forward,  viz.  as  a  reproach,  cp.  Gr.  n-po^e'pw) ; 
i.  opprobrium,  shame,  a.  in  pi. ,  abuse.  Aff.  -osa- 
inente,  -osita,  -6so. 

Obelisco  m.  (Gr.,<6/3eAos,  dart);  obelisk. 
*  Obelo  in. ;  obelisk  as  a  mark  of  reference  in  a 
book. 

Oberato  (L.  obaeratus);  I.  loaded 
with  debt.  2.  (hist.)  enslaved  for  debt. 

Obeso  (L.,  lit.  that  which  has  eaten  itself  fat, 
<  ob,  edit) ;  as  E. 

6bice  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  obus,  bomb- 
shell^ Germ.  Haubitze,  formerly  spelt 
haufnitz,  <  Bohemian  haufnice,  orig. 
a  sling  for  casting  a  stone) ;  (mil.) 
howitzer. 

*(B)(L.  obex,  bar);  obstacle. 

Obiettare  ind.  obietto  (L.  objectare);  to  object. 

Obiettivo;  =  Oggettivo,  objective. 

Obietto  ;  =  Oggetto,  object.     *  as  adj. ,  opposed. 

Obiezidn-eyC;  objection.    Aff.  •^ftUaauv, 
*Obito  m.  (L.);  death. 

Obituario  m.;  register  of  deaths. 

Obiurgazioney;  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.)',  ob- 
jurgation. 

*Obizo  m.\  i.  =Obice,  mortar,    ii.  shell. 

Oblata/  (L.);  I.  lay-sister.  2.  (eccl.) 
the  Host  before  consecration. 

Oblato  m.  (L.);  lay-brother,  usu. 
Converse. 

Obla-t6re  m.,  -trice  f.\  i.  giver, 
founder.  2.  bidder  at  an  auction. 

Oblazidne/;  i.  oblation.  2.  offer, 
gift.  3.  bid. 

*Oblettazi6ne/.  (L.  oMectatio);  delectation. 
Obli-are;  to  forget.    Aff.  -abile. 


*  Oblimare  (L.  ob-limare,  to  cover  with  mud) ; 
to  fill  up  (an  excavation). 

Oblio,   Obblio  m.   (L.   obliyio,<ob, 
Hvere,  to  be  blue,  dark) ;  oblivion. 

Obliqu-o    (L.) ;     oblique.      Obliqu'    a   sinistr* 
(destr') !  half  left  (right)  turn  !     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
*i.  ambiguous,    ii.  as  sb.,  injustice. 

Obliterare  (L.);  as  E. 

Oblivi-one  m.  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -oso. 

Oblungo;  =  Bislungo,  oblong. 

Obo-e,  6bo-e  m.  (Fr.  hautbois,  so  called  on 
account  of  its  high  tone)  ;  oboe.  Aff.  -ista. 

6bolo  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  o£oXor,  which  is 
said  by  Plutarch  to  be  a  variant  of 
ofif\6s,  nail,  nails  having  once  been  used 
as  money,  v.  Liddell  and  Scott  sub 
djSoAor);  the  ancient  weight  and  coin. 
-  di  San  Pietro,  the  voluntary  offer- 
ings made  to  the  Pope  by  Catholics 
since  the  destruction  of  the  temporal 
power  in  1870. 

*Obretto  m. ;—  Dobretto,  cotton  stuff. 
*Obrizzo  (L.  obrttssa,  assaying,  <  Gr.  oftpv£ov, 
pure) ;   pure  (gold). 

Obrogare ;  to  repeal. 

*  pb-secrare ;  to  pray  fervently.    *  -seguente  ; 
submissive.      * -sesso ;    besieged.     *-sidiare;    to 
besiege:     *-sistere;   to  oppose.     *-tento;    inten- 
tion,    '-trettare  (L .,<ob+" trectare  for  tractart, 

Jrea.  of  trahere,  v.  Trarre) ;  to  calumniate  (a  person, 
with  a  view  of  supplanting  him). 

6c  ;  Lingua  d'  oc,  Provencal 
language. 

6ca/  (A) (bit.  avica,< L.  avis,  bird); 

1.  goose  ;  Prosciutto  d'  — ,  a  prepara- 
tion  of   goose   resembling   ham  to  be 
eaten  by  Jews;  Dare  il  becco  all'  — ,  to 
put  a  beak  to  the  goose,  i.e.  give  the 
finishing  touch ;  Raccontare  la  canzone 
dell"  — ,  to  repeat  what  has  been  said 
before  ;  Tenere  1'  oche  in  pastura,  to 
mind  the  geese,  i.e.  have  nothing  to  do; 
Venir  la  pelle  d'  — ,  to  have  a  feeling  of 
goose-skin,    to    shiver ;   Le    oche    del 
Campidoglio,  scherz.,  the  Municipality 
of  Rome  ;  Parer  la  vecchia  dell'  oche, 
said  of  a  little  wrinkled  old  woman  ; 
Camminare    a    — ,   or    a    papero,   to 
walk  with  the  feet  turned  in.     2.  (hot.) 
Pie    d'    — ,    goosefoot,    Chenopodium. 
3.    (ornith^j   —    marina,    black-headed 
gull,  Larus  ridibundus. 

Species  of  goose  :  4.  —  a  faccia  bianca,  bernicle 
goose,  A  user  lettcopsis.  5.  —  collo  rosso,  red-breasted 
goose,  Attser  rujicoUis.  6.  —  colombaccia,  brent 
goose.  A  tKer  brenta,  also  termed  Anatra  colom- 
baccta.  7.  —  granaiola  or  salvatica,  wild,  or  bean 
goose,  Anser  segetum.  8.  —  lombardella,  white- 
fronted  goose,  Anser  alfnfrons.  9.  —  fombardella 
minore  or  —  nana,  Attser  eryihropus.  10.  —  sel- 
vatica  or paglietana,  grey  lag-goose,  Anser  citiereus. 

*  Dar  fieno  a  oche,  to  waste  time.     Parlare  della 
contrada  dell1  —  in  Siena,  or  dell'  oche  in  Campi- 
doglio,  i.e.  to  speak  of  what  everybody  knows,  the 
Oca  being  a  well-known  street  in  Siena. 

(B)  (Turkish  oqat  =  Arabic  itqla)\  oke,  a  Turkish 
weight,  about  2|  Ibs. 

*Occ-a  f.  (A);  some  kind  of  rake  or  harrow. 
Aff.  *-are  vt. 

Etym.  L.  occa,  harrow,  in  Isidore,  akin  to 
O.  H.G.  egede,  harrow,  root  ak,  sharp,  cp.  E.  to 
egg  on,  i.e.  to  prod,  Germ.  Egge,  harrow,  v.  Skeat, 
sttb  Egg.  Edge. 

t(B);  Occa  nera,  black  umber  fish,  v.  Corvina. 

Occasa  /. ;  amplitude,  angular  distance  of  the 
setting  sun  from  true  west. 

Occasi6n-e    /     (L.);    i.     as    E. 

2.  chance   for   a  girl   to   be   married. 

3.  D'   — ,   second-hand.      4.     Levarsi 


dall'  — ,  or  delle  -i,  to  quit  a  place 
where  one  is  likely  to  compromise  one- 
self ;  Con  certa  gente  e  meglio  levarsi 
dall'  — ,  there  are  certain  people  from 
whom  it  is  best  to  keep  out  of  the  way. 

Aff.  -ale,  -almente,  -are  vb.,  -cella  dim.,  -cina 
dim.  vezz.,  -cidna  an%m.  fine  chance. 

Occaso  /;/.  (L.);  (poet.)  i.  west. 
2.  setting,  esp.  fig. 

*  Occhiay?  (Arabic  iigia,  v.  Oca,  B) ;   a  Cypriot 
weight,  about  J  Ib. 

Occhiaia  /;  i.  eye-socket,  orbit. 
2.  dark  skin  under  the  eyes. 

Occhial-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -e, 
clumsy  eye-glass,  or  ugly  eye-tooth. 

Occbialaio  m. ;  spectacle-maker. 

Occhial-e;    i.  Dente  — ,  eye-tooth. 

2.  -i,  si.  pi.,  spectacles. 

Occhiale'tto  m.\  eye-glass;  in  //., 
dim.  vezz.  of  Occhiali,  spectacles. 

Occhialino  m. ;  simple  lens;  also  vezz.  or  iron. 
for  Occhialetto. 

Occhialdne  in. ;  (prttith.)  =  Svasso,  grebe, 
tf.  Pagello  (2). 

Occhial-oni  m.  pi.;  avgm.  of -i. 

Occhi-are ;  to  discover  at  first  sight. 
Ho  bell'  e  -ato  quel  che  fa  per  me, 
I  have  already  discovered  what  will  do 
for  me. 

Occbiat-ayC ;  glance.  A  -e,  visibly. 
Aff.  -accia  spreg.,  -fna  dim.  vezz. 

Occhiato ;  of  a  peacock's  tail,  with  eyes. 
*  i.  full  of  eyes.  ii.  of  a  graft,  with  plenty  of  buds. 

Occhiazzurro,  Occhicenileo ;  blue- 
eyed. 

Occhieggiare  ind.  occhidggio ;  to 
ogle,  to  eye. 

Occhi611-o m. ;  i. button-hole.  2. shal- 
low furrow.  3.  (mar.)  eyelet-hole  ;  -i 
dei  terzaruoli,  eyelet-holes  in  the  reef- 
bands,  reef-holes ;  -i  delle  bugne,  clew- 
cringle  holes,  and  so  on. 

*=Occhietto,  Hank  page  opposite  the  title-page 
of  a  book. 

Occhiett-accio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  or  antiphr.  of 
-o,  small  ugly  eye  or  sly-looking  eye.  -ino  HI.  ; 
dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Occhi^tto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of 
Occhio.  2.  ring  at  the  end  of  a  cord. 

3.  (print.)  blank  or  nearly  blank  page 
opposite   the   title-page   of  a  book,  or 
where  a  new  part  of  the  book  begins. 

4.  in  commercial  or  other  formal  letters, 
the  repetition  at  the  foot  of  the  page  of 
the  name  and  titles  of  the  addressee. 

5.  —  delle  suppliche,  the  instructions 
given  as  to  filling  up  the  forms.  6.  (mar.) 
v.  Occhiello  (3). 

•  Far  P  —  ,  to  wink.    t=Occhiello,  buttonhole. 

Occhiettucciaccio  m. ;  dim.  pegg.  disdainful 
eye. 

OccMno  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Occhio. 
2.  cup  for  bathing  the  eye. 

Occhio  m.  (L.  oculus,  root  oqw,  to 
see,  cp.  Gr.  oiriava,  I  have  seen,  ta\ff, 
face,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ophthalmia,  Optic ; 
also  sub  Eye,  where  the  y  represents 
a  lost  consonant,  cp.  Germ.  Auge,  eye) ; 
i.  eye;  also  eye-hole,  e.g.  in  the  head 


OCCHIOCOTTO— OFFRIRE 


403 


of  a  hammer,  where  the  handle  fits, 
cp.  Occhietto  (2)  and  below,  (42)  to  (48). 
2.  (hot.},  (a)  bud,  (l>)  eye  of  a  potato, 
(c)  hilum  of  a  seed,  the  mark  of  its 
attachment  to  the  placenta;  see  also 
below  (49)  to  (54).  3.  mark  shewing 
the  lives  at  billiard  pool,  i>.  Pestello. 
4.  oval  window ;  —  di  bue,  =  Lente  di 
coperta,  bull's-eye.  5.  the  black  spot 
on  a  certain  kind  of  bean,  v.  Fagi- 
uolo  (2).  6.  —  rosso,  or  as  one  word 
Occhiorosso,  white-throat,  v.  Occhio- 
cotto. 

Phrases  :  7.  (a)  Occhi  di  civetta, 
(sckerz.)  gold  coins  ;  (6)  —  di  civetta,  — 
Primavera  maggiore,  oxlip.  8.  Colpo 
d'  — ,  Fr.  coup  d'atil,  general  view. 
9.  Mai  d'  — ,  evil  eye.  10.  —  di  pemice, 
a  wine  supposed  to  be  like  the  eye  of  a 
partridge  in  colour,  n.  —  pio,  tender 
look.  12.  —  di  sole,  beautiful  girl. 

Phrases  with  A:  13.  A  —  e  croce, 
with  no  great  care,  the  expression  may 
stand  for  that  which  is  done  by  eye 
with  no  careful  measurement,  and  as  a 
cross  may  be  drawn  without  any  trouble 
or  pains.  14.  A  chius'  occhi,  with  the 
utmost  ease.  1 5.  A  cald'  occhi,  (to  weep) 
bitterly.  16.  A  quattr1  occhi,  (a)  alone 
with  another  person,  (b~)  (scherz.}  wear- 
ing spectacles.  17.  A  colpo  d'  — ,  at 
the  first  glance. 

Idioms  :  1 8.  Non  e  acqua  da  occhi, 
it  is  not  eye-lotion,  said  when  a  valuable 
article  is  being  submitted  to  careless  or 
rough  usage.  19.  Aprir  gli  occhi,  of 
the  weather;  Aspettiamo  che  il  tempo 
apra  gli  occhi,  let  us  wait  till  it  begins 
to  clear.  20.  Avere  gli  occhi  tra'  peli, 
to  have  the  eyes  between  the  lashes, 
i.e.  to  feel  still  sleepy  on  waking,  or 
quasi-fig.,  not  to  see  what  ought  to  have 
been  seen.  21.  Avere  piit  — ,  to  look 
better  than  the  thing  really  is ;  Accomo- 
dano  per  bene  le  frutta  nei  canestri  per 
dar  loro  piii  — ,  the  fruit  is  cleverly 
packed  so  as  to  look  better  than  it 
really  is.  22.  A-vere  di  una  persona 
fino  agli  occhi,  to  be  tired  of  his  com- 
pany. 23.  Dar  d'  — ,  to  make  a  sign 
to.  24.  Dar  nell'  — ,  to  be  conspicuous, 
come  out  prominently.  25.  II  Ministro 
lo  vede  di  buon  — ,  the  Minister  has 
a  regard  for  him.  26.  Esser  sempre 
agli  occhi,  to  be  always  quarrelling. 
27.  Far  gli  occhi  alle  pulci,  said  of  a 
woman  who  excels  in  work  of  every 
kind.  28.  Far  1'  —  a  una  cosa,  to 
accustom  the  eye  to  it.  29.  Guardare 
con  la  coda  dell1  — ,  out  of  the  corner  of 
the  eye.  30.  Innestare  a  — ,  to  bud,  v. 
Scudicciolo.  31.  Non  veder  lume  che 
per  gli  occhi  di,  i.e.  to  have  the  greatest 
affection  for.  32.  Sta'  bene  attento 
perche  non  ti  passi  d'  — ,  take  care  he 
does  not  go  by  without  your  seeing 
him.  33.  Perdere  il  lume  degli  occhi, 
(when  used  fig.}  to  be  blind  with  rage. 
34.  Non  ha  ancora  rasciutto  gli  occhi, 
e  gik  fuma  come  un  grande,  he  has  not 
left  off  crying  if  he  is  hurt,  but  already 
smokes  as  much  as  a  man.  35.  Saltare 
agli  occhi  di  uno,  to  look  as  if  about 


to  hit  him.  36.  Mi  saltd  agli  occhi 
(cp.  Fr.  sauter  aux  yeux),  it  struck  me 
immediately.  37.  Schizzar  gli  occhi, 
to  have  one's  eyes  burst,  i.e.  to  grudge 
another's  success.  38.  Soil'  — ,  or 
Sottecche,  stealthily.  39.  Strizzare  or 
Stringere  1'  —  a  uno,  to  wink  at  him. 
40.  Gli  occhi  bisogna  toccarseli  con  le 
gomita,  you  should  only  rub  your  eyes 
with  your  elbows,  said  to  a  person  with 
sore  eyes  who  makes  them  worse  by 
rubbing.  41.  Uscire :  Quel  poco  che 
mi  da  par  che  gli  esca  sempre  dagli 
occhi,  what  little  he  does  give  me  is 
given  very  unwillingly. 

Marine  phrases  :  42.  —  di  prora, 
hawse-hole.  43.  —  di  gomena,  =  Nodo 
di  caricamezzi,  clinch.  44.  -  pel 
passaggio  di  manovre,  fairleader. 
45.  -  -  del  ciclone,  the  vortex,  calm 
centre  of  a  cyclone.  46.  Occhi  d'  or- 
meggio,  mooring  pipes ;  Occhi  degli 
ormeggi  di  poppa,  cat-holes  ;  Occhi  di 
rimorchio,  towing-holes.  47.  Occhi 
delle  branche  degli  strali,  lashing  eyes. 

Botanical  terms  :  48.  —  di  asino,  = 
Erba  saetta,  arrowhead.  49.  —  di  bue, 
ox-eye  daisy,  Chrysanthemum  leucan- 
themum.  50.  —  di  bue  de'  tintori, 
dyers'  ox-eye,  Anthemis  tinctoria. 
51.  —  di  civetta,  =  Primavera  maggiore, 
oxlip.  52.  —  di  gatto,  =  Nicheri,  nicker 
tree.  53.  -  di  pernice,  =  Adonide 
rosso,  summer  pheasant's  eye. 

*i.  Far  acqua  da  occhi,  to  be  undecided,  ii.  An- 
dare  a  — ,  to  be  given  grudgingly,  iii.  Bell'  — ,  fine 
view.  iv.  Dormire  cogli  occhi  altrui,  to  trust  him 
completely,  v.  —  di  pulce,  very  small  writing. 
vi.  S'  i'  ben  1'  —  sbarro,  if  I  speak  the  truth,  vii.  — 
dell'  uliva,  olive-bud*  as  a  symbol  of  humility. 
tviii.  —  di  S.  Lucia,  a  shell-fish,  Turbo  rugosus. 

Occhiocbtto,  Occhior6sso  »t.  ;  (ortiith.) 
white-throat,  Sylvia  melanocepkala. 

Occhi-olino  dim.  vezz.,  -6ne  augnt.  or  augm. 
vezz.,  -uccio  dint,  spreg.,  of -o. 

Occhione  in.  ;  i.  augm.  or  augm.  vezz.  of 
Occhio,  eye.  2.  (ornitk. )  stone  curlew,  Oedicnemus 
crepiinns,  also  termed  Brecciolotto,  Urigino. 

Occhior6sso  m. ;  i.g.  Occhiocotto,  white-throat. 

Occhidtto  HI.  ;  i.  =  Occhiorosso.  2.  —  sardo, 
=  Magnanina  sarda,  Sardinian  warbler. 

Occbiuto;  i.  full  of  eyes  or  buds. 
2.  fig.  astute. 

tOcciada/I;  i.  black  sea  bream,  Canthantt 
vulgaris.  ii.  =  Obbiada. 

Occident-e  m. ;  west.     Aff.  -ale. 

*Occidere;  i.  of  the  sun,  to  set.  ii.=Uccidere, 
to  kill. 

Occiduo  ;  western. 

Occlpite,  Occipizio  ;«.  (L.  occiput, 
octipitiitm,  <  06,  capuf] ;  the  back  of 
the  head. 

Occitanico  (Fr.  oc);  Provencal. 

*  Occludere ;  =  Includere. 
tOccdne  m. ;  cuff,  slap. 

Occorrente  m. ;  the  needful. 

Occorrenza  f.\  I.  circumstance; 
All'  — ,  according  to  circumstances. 
2.  requirement.  3.  in  //.,  scherz.,  the 
bodily  necessities. 

Occbrrere  perf.  occ6rsi  -corre'sti, 
part,  occdrso  (L.);  i.  to  be  required; 
Non  occorre,  don't  mention  it  ;  Non 
occorr'  altro,  say  no  more  about  it. 
2.  to  happen. 

*  L  to  meet.    ii.  to  provide  against. 
"Occorso  m. ',  meeting. 


Occult-are  (L.,<0£,  "celirr,  to  hide,  cp.  L. 
cclare,  clam,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Occult);  to  hide.  Ajff. 
•abile,  -amente,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azitfne. 

Occulto;  as  E.     Socio  — ,  sleeping-partner. 

Occup-are  ind.  6ccupo(L.,  root  cap,  to  take); 
to  occupy. 

*i.  to  usurp,  ii.  —  una  cosa  a  uno,  to  take  it 
from  him  unjustly,  iii.  to  seize,  iv.  to  cover  (with 
sweat),  v.  to  interfere  with  (vision),  vi.  to  hide, 
vii.  to  take  the  place  of.  viii.  to  do  away  with  (the 
rights  of  the  weak),  ix.  to  catch  (fish)  cunningly, 
x.  =Tenere  a  bada,  v.  Bada.  xi.  of  death,  to  over- 
take. 

Aff.  -abile,  -atore,  -azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Ocean-o  in.  (L.,  <Gr.  tixcapos);  as  E.  Aff. 
•ico,  -mo. 

Oceanodrome  //;.  (Gr.);=  Petrello,  petrel. 

Ocherellayl;  dim.  vezz.  Oca,  goose. 
*Ocio  ;«.;  =  Ozio,  idleness.    t  =  Oca,  goose. 
*Oco ;  hurrah  ! 

Oc6n-e  m.,  -&/.;  augm.  Oca,  goose. 

6cr-a/.  (L.  ochra,  =  Gr.  dxP")  '<  ochre. 
Aff.  -aceo,  -6  so. 

Ocular-e;  ocular.  Lente  — ,  eye-piece.  Aff. 
•mente. 

Oculario  ///.;  i.=Oculista.  2.  workman  who 
made  the  eyes  of  statues. 

Oculat-o  ;  cautious.  Aff.  -amdnte, 
-  ezza. 

Ocul-ista  ;«. ;  oculist.     Aff.  -istico. 

Oculus;  Nee  —  in  charta,  etc.,  v.  Manus. 

6d;  v.  O. 

Odalisca  f.  (Turkish  word) ;  female  slave  in 
the  harem  of  the  Sultan. 

6de  /  (Gr.  ifSri) ;  ode. 

Odeo  DI.  ;  Greek  music  hal!  or  any  similar 
building. 

*  Odeporico   m.   (Gr.    o&uiroptKoi'  sc.    /Bi/SAiOf) ; 
description  of  a  Journey. 
•Odiale;  hating,  hostile. 

Odi-are  ind.  6dio  odi  5dia  odiamo  odiate 
udiano,  subj.  ddi  udino;  to  hate.  Aff.  -atore, 
•atrice. 

Odicina./;  dim.  vezz.  Ode. 

Odiern-o  (L.  hodiernns,<tiodie,  hoc  die);  to- 
day's. Aff.  -amente. 

Odinico ;  of  Odin. 

Odio  ;«.  (L.  odium,  further  etym.  dub.\,  hatred. 
In  —  alia  legge,  in  defiance  of  the  law. 

*Odiosamato;  hated  and  loved  at  the  same 
time. 

Odi-osamente,  -osetto  (t/i't/i.  vezz.  of  -oso), 
-osita,  -6so;  v.  Odio. 

Oddmetro  m. ;  pedometer. 

Odontalg-iay:  (Gr);  toothache.     Aff.  -ico. 

Od6r-e  (Audore)  m.  (L.);  odour. 

Aff.  -abile,  -accio  pegg.,  -amento,  -are,  -alivo, 
-ato  the  sense  of  smell,  -etto  dim.  vezz.,  -Ifero,  -mo 
{i.g.  -etto).  -osamente,  -osetto  dim.  vezz.,  -oso,  -uccio 
dim.  sfrreg. 

Odrisi-o;  Thracian.  II  vate  — ,  Orpheus. 
L'  -a  luna,  the  Crescent  of  Turkey. 

6ffa/:  (L.);  biscuit. 

Offend-ere  perf.  offesi,  part,  offfeo  (L.) ;  to 
offend,  -ersi,  to  take  offence.  Con  sembiante  offeso, 
with  a  look  of  anger,  D.  Inf.  7.  ut.  Aff.  -ibile, 
*-icolo  stumbling-block,  -itrice. 

Offensiv-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Offens6r-e  in.,  -ayT;  offender. 

Offerire ;  v.  Offrire. 

Offert-a/ ;  offer.    Aff.  -accia,  pegg. 

Offertdrio  m.;  i.  as  E.  2.  music 
thereanent.  *  napkin  therefor. 

Off6sa  f. ;  i.  offence.  2.  physical 
injury. 

"  Levar  1'  offese,  to  bind  (parties)  over  to  keep  the 
peace,  or  of  the  parties  themselves,  to  come  to  such 
an  agreement. 

Offeso;  part.  Offendere. 

Officin-a/.  (L.);  workshop,  labora- 
tory, -ale ;  as  E. 

Officio;=Ufficio. 

Offi.ci68-o;  I.  willing,  kindly;  but 
often  said  spreg.  in  sense  of  uncalled 
for,  officious.  2.  semi-official.  Aff.  -itk. 

Offrire    ind.    offro,    perf.   offrii    or 
offersi    offristi    offrl    offrimmo    offriste 
offrirono  or  oKf.Ke.ro,  parts,  offerente  or 
offrente,  offerto  (L.  offerre) ;  to  offer. 
51—2 


404 


OFFUSCARE— OLTRE 


Offusc-are  (L.  obfuscare,  v.  Fosco) ; 
to  darken.  Aff.  -am&ito,  -at<5re,  -atrice. 

Gficleide  m.  ;=Ofleide. 

Ofid-i  or  -ii  m.pl.\  ophidians,  snakes. 

Ofidio  barbato  m. ;  bearded  eel,  locally  termed 
Galiotto  Calegneiris,  Cicela. 

Ofisuro  m.\  —  serpente,  sea-snake,  Muratna 
serpens,  locally  termed  Bissa  de  mer,  Vipera  de 
mare. 

Ofite /;  serpentine  marble. 

Ofleide,  Oficleide  m.  (Gr.  o$«,  snake,  jtAcfc, 
key);  ophichde;  the  name  is  from  the  fact  that  it  is 
the  old  musical  instrument,  the  serpent,  with  keys 
added. 

Oftalm-  or  Ottalm-ia,  -ico,  -ologia,  -oscp- 
pfa,  -osc6pio  (Gr.  6^>6aA^i'a,  etc.);  ophthalmia, 
etc.,  as  in  E. 

Oga  Magdga ;  any  far  distant 
country  ;  v.  Magoga. 

Oggettiv-amAnte,  -ita;  v.  Oggettivo. 
Oggettivarsi ;  to  assume  an  objective  character. 
Oggettivista   m. ;    one  who   believes   in    the 
objective  reality  of  things. 

Oggettivo  ;  objective.     Also  as  sb. 

Ogg&tt-o,  Obbiett-o  or  Obiett-o  m. 
(L.  objecium)  ;  object ;  in  //.,  stores. 
—  diretto,  when  used  with  reference  to 
scholastic  philosophy,  is  that  which  is 
directly  perceived  by  one  and  one  only 
of  the  senses,  as  colour  by  the  sense  of 
sight.  —  indiretto,  is  that  belonging 
to  another  sense,  as  roughness  when 
observed  not  by  the  finger  but  by 
the  eye.  —  comune,  is  that  which  may 
be  directly  observed  by  more  than  one 
sense  as  number,  motion,  size.  L'  - 
comune  che  '1  senso  inganna,  D.  Purg. 
29.  47,  the  indistinct  result  of  general 
observation.  The  relations  of  this 
phrase,  however,  are  metaphysical,  and 
no  translation  of  it  can  convey  much 
meaning  to  the  ordinary  reader. 

Oggi  (L.  hodie,  for  hoc  die};  i.  to- 
day. Potrebbe  venire  d'  —  in  domani, 
he  might  come  any  day.  —  com'  — , 
at  the  present  time.  Cavami  d'  —  e 
mettimi  in  domani,  i.e.  I  will  take  no 
thought  for  the  morrow.  Non  esser 
piii  d'  —  nfe  di  ieri,  no  longer  young. 
-  a  quindici,  in  a  fortnight's  time. 
Dall'  --  al  domani,  in  a  short  time. 
—  fa  1'  anno,  a  year  ago  to-day.  Da  — 
in  su,  in  avanti,  or  innanzi,  from  this 
time  forward.  Da  una  settimana  a 
tutt'  • — ,  for  the  whole  of  the  past  week. 
Durerci  tre  giorni  con  — ,  i.e.  it  will  only 
last  a  short  time.  *afternoon. 

Oggi-dl,  -giorno,  or  -mai ;  this  very 
day. 

t  Ogio  m. ;  =  Olio,  oil. 

Ogfva/;  (arch.}  ogive,  pointed  arch. 

Etytn.  Pfob.  <  Span,  ctuge,  v.  supra  Auge,  so 
that  the  orig.  sense  is  top  of  an  arch. 

*Oglia_/;  a  Spanish  kind  of  soup,  olln  podridn. 

*  Ogliapodrida  /  ;    i.  =  Oglia.     ii.  fig.   mixed 
hash. 

tOgliemow. ;  elm. 

*Oglio  tn. ;  i.  =Occhio,  eye.     ii.  =  Olio,  oil. 

*  Ogna  /. ;  =  Ugna,  claw. 

6gni  (L.  omne);  every. 

Ognint.6rno ;  D'  — ,  on  every  side. 

Ognissanti  m. ;  All  Saints'  Day, 
Nov.  i. 

Ogn6ra;  always. 

Ogniino  ;  everyone. 

Ohibb,  Oib6  (perhaps  <Gr.  otfJot  or 
L.  ehu  bone) ;  for  shame ! 


p 
K 


Oldio  m.  (Gr.  <oov,  egg)  ;  the  vine- 
mildew. 

Oi'l  ;  Lingua  d'  —  ,  old  French. 
•Ointa/;  v.  Onta. 
*Oise,  Oite;  bad  for  him  I  for  you  ! 

Ola  !  Look  out  ! 

Oland-a  /;  i.  (geogr.)  Holland. 
2.  a  kind  of  cloth,  holland.  3.  Dutch 
cheese.  Aff.  -dse. 

•Olandetta/;  T.  Olanda  (2). 
*Olaro  m.  (It.  olla)  ;  potter. 

6lco  m.  (L.,<Gr.  oAjccSi);  (tot.)  =  Saggina, 
dhurra  grass. 

6lea_/i;  (fief.)  z  garden-plant,  Oleafragrans. 

Oleaceo,  OleagFnoso;  oily. 

Oleandrinayl;  extract  of  oleander. 

Oleandro  m.  (forr.  of  bit.  firo(iandrurn)<Gr. 

6trfipoi')  ;  (hot.)  oleander,  Nerium  oleander,  also 
nown  as  Leandro,  Lauro  rosa,  Belledonne,  Mazza 
di  San  Giuseppe. 

Oleastro,  Olivastro  m.  ;  wild  olive,  Elaeagnvs. 

Olecrano  HI.  (Gr.  wAejcparor)  ;  point  of  the  elbow. 

Oleifero;  oil-yielding  (seeds). 

Oleificio  m.\  oil-works. 

Olenio  nt.  ;  the  mythological  flower  from  which 
Mars  was  born. 

Ol&nte;  scented. 

Oleogr-afia/I;  oleograph.    Aff.  -anco. 

Ole6metro  tn.  ;  instrument  for  measuring  the 
density  and  purity  of  oil. 

Oleosaccaro  tn.  \  sugar  mixed  with  some  essence 
for  giving  an  aroma  to  liquids. 

Oleos-o;  greasy,  oily.    Aff.  -ita. 

Oleraceo  (L.  holns,  holeris,  greens,  root  g/tel, 
yellow,    v.    Skeat,  sub   Yellow);   (but.)  i.  with  the 
character  of  a  pot-herb,   eatable.     2.    growing  in 
cultivated  places. 
•Oletto;  scented. 

Olezz-are  itid.  oleizo  (L.  olere);  to  be  fragrant. 
Aff.  -o  st. 

Olfatto  m.;  sense  of  smell. 

Oliandolo  m.;  peddler  of  oil. 

Oliat-0  ;  made  up  with  oil.  Prov. 
Insalata  ben  salata  ben  lavata,  poco 
aceto  ben  oliata,  quattro  bocconi  alia 
desperata,  describing  a  palatable  salad. 
Per  Santa  Reparata  I'  oliva  e  -a,  by 
St  Reparata's  day,  Oct.  8,  the  olive  has 
developed  its  oil. 

Oliban  o  m.  (Gr.  At'flai'os)  ;  frankincense,  or  the 
tree,  Boswellia,  which  yields  it. 

Olieray;;  cruet-stand. 

*Olifanto  tn.  (for  Elefante);  ivory  horn  carried 
by  the  Paladins  of  Charlemagne. 

Olig-arca  m.,  pi.  -archi  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-archta,  -archicamente,  -archico. 

Olimpiaco;  Periodo  —  ,  an  Olympiad. 

Olimpiadeyi;  Olympiad,  interval  between  one 
set  of  Olympic  games  and  the  next,  i.e.  four  years. 

Olimp-o  m.  ;  Mt  Olympus.     Aff.  -ico. 

6lio  m.,  pi.  oli  or  olii  (L.  oleum)  ; 
oil.  —  vergine,  made  from  olives  not 
perfectly  ripe.  —  santo,  oil  for  extreme 
unction,  or  meton.  the  ceremony  itself. 
Bisogna  andarci  con  1'  -  -  santo  in 
tasca,  i.e.  it  is  a  very  dangerous  place. 
Benedir  coll'  —  santo,  to  injure  when 
pretending  to  benefit.  Ridurre  uno 
all'  —  santo,  to  beat  him  to  death. 
Lima  a  —  ,  very  fine  file  employed 
together  with  oil.  -  di  sasso,  petro- 
leum. Consumare  piu  —  che  vino,  i.e. 
to  be  very  studious.  Non  vi  metter  su 
n£  sale  n£  —  ,  i.e.  to  tell  a  story  just  as 
it  occurred.  Far  1'  —  ,  scherz.  to  be 
packed  closely  together. 

*i.  —  di  battaglia,  vigour  (from  athletes'  oiling 
themselves),  ii.  Far  tener  1'  —  ad  uno,  to  keep  him 
in  check,  iii.  Esser  —  da  bachi,  to  be  of  great  use. 
iv.  Star  come  1'  —  ,  to  wish  to  be  first  in  everything. 
tVenda  dell'  —  ,  let  him  sell  some  of  his  oil,  said  of 
a  rich  person  pretending  he  is  poor. 

Oli-osita,  -6so  :  v.  Olio. 
*Olire  (L.  olere)',  to  give  out  fragrance. 

Oliva/.;  i.  v.  Uliva.  2.  a  genus  of  molluscs. 
3.  (anal.)  part  of  the  cerebellum. 

Olivagno  m.  ;  =  Oleastro,  wild  olive. 

Olivastro;  olive-coloured.     As  J^.  ,  v.  Oleastro. 


Olivato;  planted  with  olives. 

Oliv&la/;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  =  Camelea, 
mezereon  ;  (b)  --  alpina,  =  Laureola 
alpina,  Alpine  daphne.  2.  the  bit,  i.e. 
locking  part,  of  a  key  when  this  is  pear- 
shaped.  3.  iron  wedge  or  key  used  in 
a  peculiar  way  for  hoisting  stones. 

OlivellO7«.;  (bat.)  i.  —  spinoso,  sea  buckthorn, 
Hippophae  rkamnoides,  also  termed  Vetrice  spinosa. 
2.  i.q.  Olivetta  (3). 

Olivet-ay?,  -o  m.\  olive  plantation. 

Olivetano  ;  Ordine  —  ,  an  Order  working  under 
the  Benedictine  rule. 

Oliv&tta  /;  i.  olive-shaped  silk 
button.  2.  a  kind  of  sausage.  3.  = 
Ligustro,  privet. 

*  Oliviera  f.  ',=  Frantoio,  oil-press. 
*OHvigno;  i.  =  Olivastrp.    ii.  as  sb.,  olive-wood. 
Olivilla  f.  ;   a  crystallisable  principle  found  in 
gum  from  the  olive  tree. 

Olivo  ;«.;  =  Ulivo,  olive  tree. 
Oliv6nayl;  augnt.  Oliva. 

*Olla./  (L.  ,<**  attiula,  dim.  of  aula)\  i.  cine- 
rary urn.  ii.  =  Pentola,  pot. 

*Ollaba  !  an  angry  exclamation. 

Olm-aia  f.  ;  row  of  elms,  or  elm 
plantation  for  vines  to  grow  upon. 
-<Sto  m.  ;  place  full  of  elms.  -6tto  ; 
dim.  ;  v.  Olmo. 

Olmaria  /.  ;  (hot.}  meadow-sweet, 
Spiraea  ulmaria,  also  termed  Regina 
de'  prati,  Barba  caprina. 

Olmo  m.  (L.  ulmus);  (hot.)  elm, 
Ulrnus  campestris. 

OlocaustO  m.  (Gr.  oXciicauoTor)  ; 
burnt  sacrifice. 

tOlocco  w.;~Al!occo,  owl. 
Oloferne  m.;  Holofernes,  as  type  of  ferocity. 


Olbgrafo  (Gr.  SXos,  ypLQu,}  ;  (leg.) 
holograph,  entirely  written  by  the 
person  signing  at  the  foot. 

016na/  ;  a  kind  of  canvas  first  made 
at  Olonne  in  Brittany. 

Olon^tta  /.  ;  duck  canvas. 

*Oloserico;  all  silk. 
Oloturia/l;  holothurium,  sea-cucumber. 

Olstenio  in.  ;  (geogr.)  Holstein  in 
N.  Germany. 

Oltracotante  ;  =  Tracotante,  inso- 
lent. 

Oltraggi-o  m.  (It.  oltre  lit.  therefore 
a  going  beyond),  outrage.  *excessive 
quantity,  D.  Par.  33.  57.  Aff.  -abile, 
-amento,  -are,  -atore,  -atrice,  -osame'nte, 
-6so. 

Oltr'alpe  adv.  ;  beyond  the  Alps. 

Oltra-  or  Ultra-montano  (It.  oltre, 
monte)  ;  foreign.  As  sb.,  foreign  parti- 
san of  the  temporal  power  of  the  Pope, 
Ultramontane. 

Oltranza/  ;  A  —  =  Fr.  a  outrance. 
*  =  Oltraggio. 

Oltrarno  ;  (geogr.)  Florence  beyond 
the  Arno. 

*Oltrarsi;  to  advance. 

6ltre  (L.  ultra,  <**ul(s)  there,  < 
ille,  ollus  with  the  comparat.  suffix  ter); 
prep,  or  adv.,  beyond,  besides,  further 
on,  far  advanced.  Vieni  —  ,  come  here. 
La  —  ,  somewhere  there.  Qui  —  , 
somewhere  here.  OUre  !  get  away,  get 
out! 

Aff.  Oltre-mare:  x.  over  seas,  2.  as  sb.,  ultra- 
marine blue,  -marino,  -misura,  -mudo,  -mondano  of 


OLUSCOLO— ONGIA 


405 


the  other  world,  -monte,  -naturale  transcendent, 
-pagato  overpaid,  -passabile,  -passare  to  exceed, 
-umano  more  ihan  human. 

*Oluscolo  m.  (L.  hotiis):  di-sh  of  herbs. 
Ornaccino  in.  \  dim.  vezz.  or  spreg.  of  Omo. 

Omaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  of  Omo  for 
Uomo,  coarse-looking  man,  or  scoun- 
drel in  morals.  It  may  be  used  also  in 
a  half  scolding  half  kindly  sense,  Che 
—  che  siete  !  Oh!  you  cruel  man.  And 
antiphr.  Ma  1'  — ,  quand'  e  stato  mai 
bene  ?  poor  humanity,  when  has  it  ever 
been  well  off? 

Omaccione  m.  ;  augtn.  spreg.  of 
Omo,  beastly,  coarse-looking  man  ;  also 
iron,  or  scherz.  of  a  man's  ability.  Un 
— ,  no  end  of  a  clever  fellow. 

Omaggio  m.  (mlt.  hominaticum,  < 
homo  in  the  mlt.  sense  of  vassal,  cp.  L. 
humilis  ;  v.  Omo) ;  homage,  profession 
of  respect. 

Omai ;  i.g.  Ormai. 

Omarino  m. ;  dim.  scherz.  Omo,  baby. 
"Ombaco  m.  (corr.  of  Opaco);  shady  place. 
•Ombe,    Umbe;  =  Or  bene,  well! 
Ombelicale ;  v.  Ombelico. 
Ombelicato;  {herald.)  embossed  (shield). 
Ombelico    m.    (L.    umbilicus) ;     i.  =  Bellico, 
navel.      2.    (hot)   hilum.      3.    (&»/.)  —    di    Venere, 
Venus's    navelwort,    Ompknlodes    iinifolia,    or    O. 
verna. 

6mbr-a  /  (L.  umbra);  shade, 
shadow.  Phrases:  I.  Nascere  all'  — 
del  cupolone,  under  the  shadow  of  the 
great  dome,  i.e.  at  Florence.  2.  Dare, 
Prendere  — ,  to  give,  or  feel  suspicion. 
3.  Ha  le  -e,  (the  horse)  has  a  habit  of 
shying ;  Prendere  — ,  to  shy.  4.  ombra, 
a  card  game  forthree  persons.  5.  (paint.) 
Terra  d'  — ,  umber.  6.  Lo  faresti  ? 
Neppur  per  — ,  would  you  do  it  ? 
Certainly  not.  7.  Non  esserne  manco 
1'  — ,  not  to  resemble  it  in  the  slightest. 
8.  of  a  very  thin  person,  Anello  medio 
tra  il  corpo  e  1'  — ,  a  link  between  sub- 
stance and  shadow.  9.  L'  —  di  Banco, 
the  shade  of  Banquo  (in  Macbeth)  as 
type  of  a  constant  terror,  tmaigre 
fish,  ?/.  Sciaena. 

*Ombraculo  m. ;   a  shady  bower,  shadow  from 
the  heat. 

Ombrare  ind.  ombro ;  i.  (paint.}  to 
shade.  2.  intr.  to  take  offence.  3.  of 
a  horse,  to  shy. 

*  Ombratico  ;    nervous    (horse) ;    fig.    shadowy 
(life). 

Ombraturay".;  v.  Ombrare. 

Ombreggi-are  ind.  ombre'ggio ; 
i.  to  cast  a  shadow.  2.  fig.  to  touch 
upon  lightly.  3.  (paint.)  to  bring  out 
the  lights  by  painting  in  the  shadows, 
or  in  calligraphy,  to  mark  the  thin  and 
thick  strokes  properly.  *to  indkate, 
shade  in.  Aff.  -ame*nto,  -atura. 

Ombr^lla  / ;  (hot.)  umbel,  the  in- 
florescence of  Umbel liferae. 

*  i.     dim.     Ombra.       ii.     vexation,     impatience, 
iii.    umbrella. 

Ombrell-accio  pegg.,  -aio  umbrella 
seller  or  mender,  -ata  whack  with  an 
umbrella,  oc  blow  upon  an  open  um- 
brella ;  v.  Ombrello. 

Ombrelle"tta/.;  (fat.)  small  umbel. 
Ombrellitto  ///. ;  dim.  Ombrello. 
•Ombreliiere  »/.;  i.  =Ombrellaio.     ii.  umbrella 

bearer  (for  an  Eastern  king). 


Ombrellifero  ;  umbelliferous. 

Ombrellin-o  m. ;  i.  parasol.  2.  in  //.,  -i, 
(bot.)  (a)  great  hartwort,  Tordylium  maximum, 
also  termed  Tordilio  massimo ;  (b)  -\  de'  prati, 
medicinal  hartwort,  Tordylium  officitMle.  also 
termed  Capobianco,  Tordilio  medicinale. 

Ombrell-o  m. ;  umbrella.  Mangerebbe  gli  -i 
cbiusi  e  Ii  rifarebbe  aperti,  lit.  he  would  chew  up 
folded  umbrellas  and  reproduce  them  open,  a  curious 
phrase  for  expressing  that  a  person  is  lucky,  esp.  in 
gambling.  Aff.  -one  augtn. ,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Omorftnto  m.;  (Sot.)  heather,  Erica  vulgaris. 
t6mbriay!;    i.  =  Pesce  pilota,  pilot-fish,     ii.   v. 
Sciaena. 

Ombrico  m. ;  =  Lombrico,  worm. 

Ombrinay;,  or  —  corvo;  so  named  from  the 
fish's  dark  colour,  bearded  umber  fish,  Umbrina 
cirr/wsa,  locally  termed  Budagia,  Coracino,  Cor- 
bello,  Corbeto,  Corbo,  Corvella,  Corvello,  Corvolo, 
Pesce  corvo,  Crivello,  Crovello,  Oumbrina,  Umbru. 
t —  di  castro,  —  bastarda,  or  —  di  scoglio,  black 
umber,  v.  Corvtna. 

Ombrinali(Brunali)  m.  pi, ;  {mar.}  i.  scuppers. 
2.  =  Bisce,  limbers. 

Ombrbmetro  m.\  rain-gauge. 

Ombros-am^nte,  -e"tto<#w.;  v.  Ombroso. 
*Ombrosiayi;  ignorance. 

Ombrositay;;  shadiness.     *ignorance. 

Ombroso ;  i.  shady.  2.  easily 
offended.  3.  shying,  nervous  (horse). 

*i.  morose,  ii.  (plant)  preferring  the  shade. 
iii.  pale. 

Omburgo  m.;   (geoffr.)  Hamburg,  jn  Germany. 

Ombuto  »/.;=Imbuto,  funnel. 

Omega  m.  (Gr.);  indecl.  but  with  old  //. 
*omeghi ;  as  E. 

Omelia  f,  (mlt.  homilia^  <  Gr.  6/uAt'a,  assem- 
bly) ;  sermon  by  a  bishop. 

Omento  m.  (L.,<**0w/wf«/#;«,  root  eut,  to 
put  on,  v,  Esuviabile);  (anat.)  omentum,  caul. 

Omeografiay?;  reproduction  of  old  documents 
in  facsimile. 

Omeopat-iay;;  homeopathy.  Aff.  -icame'nte, 
-ico. 

Omer-o  m.\  Homer.     Aff.  -ico,  -ista. 

dmero  m.  (L.  humerus)\  shoulder. 

Omettaccio;  v.  Omo  (derivatives). 

Om£ttere,  for  conjug.  v.  Mettere  (L.  emitters) ; 
to  omit,  neglect. 

Omettino,  Omiccidlo,  etc.;  v.  Omo  (deriva- 
tives). 

Omicida  m.  (L.  komicida)\  murderer.  Aff. 
Omicidio, 

6micron  m.  (Gr.) ;  short  o. 
*Omiletico;  adj.  of  Omelia. 
Ominaccio,  Omino,  etc.;  v.  Omo  (derivatives). 
Qmissi6neyT;  omission. 

Omnibu-s,  Onnibu-s  m.  (L.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-saio  driver,  -sata  load  of  passengers. 

6zno,  usu.  Uomo,  with  pi.  Uomini, 
m.  (L.  homo,  lit.  creature  of  earth,  root 
horn  or  humy  cp.  humus,  ground,  Gr. 
Xa/icu,  on  the  ground,  O.H.G.£90r0,  E. 
groom,  in  bridegroom  which  is  A.S. 
guma  with  an  inserted  r,  Germ,  gam 
in  Brautigam);  i.  man.  2.  —  fatto, 
grown  up.  3.  —  nero,  (a)  attendant  at 
a  ceremony,  usu.  a  funeral  ;  (b)  at  a 
certain  card  game,  knave  of  clubs. 
4.  —  di  rispetto,  actor  who  does  not 
speak.  5.  —  salvatico,  the  gorilla. 

6.  Far    T    omo    (not    uomo)    addosso 
altrui,    to     threaten     or     abuse    him. 

7.  (theol.)   Spogliare   il  vecchio  — ,  to 
put  off  the  old  man.    8.  A  tutt'  — ,  with 
all  one's  might.     9.  II  primo  — ,  hero 
of  a  story.     10.  (mar.)  —  (or  Colonna) 
del  molinello,  pawl-bitt  o(  a  windlass, 
the  bitt  which  resists  the  thrust  of  the 
pawl,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  mar.,  plate  78,  (i). 

The  derivatives  are  formed  with  om  not  uom  as 

follows : 

Om-ettaccio  (spree*  °f  -etto),  -eUino  dim.  often 
dint.  vezz.t  -ctto  dim.,  -icciulo  dim.  s^reg.,  -icialto 
or  -iciattolo  dim.  spreg.^  in  reference  to  size,  -inaccio 
PeK£">  -inino  (dim.  scherz.  of  -ino),  -fno  dim.  or  vezz. 
or  iron.)  Far  1'  omlno,  of  a  boy,  to  give  himself  airs, 
-indue  aitgm.)  often  s#reg.  and  iron.,  -one  awgm.t 
-uccio  dim.  spreg.^  -uncolo  dint. 

Omogene-o(Gr.);  homogeneous.  Aff. -amdnte, 
-ita. 


Omogen-ia  f.  ;  homogenesis,  generation  of 
like  by  like.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

Omolog-are  ind.  omologo  -hi  ;  (teg.)  to  ratify. 
Aff.  -azione. 

Orn61og-o(Gr.);  corresponding.  Aff.  -am^nte, 
-ico. 

tOmombrto  m.  \—  Burbera,  windlass. 

Om6nim-o  (Gr.  6/iul»a*^tos)  ;  homonymous. 
Aff.  -ia. 

Omoplata  m.  (Gr.  wMOirAarr));  shoulder-blade. 
Omotet-ia/.  (Gr.  6/xo«,  Tt'^O"*  (ffeorn.)  like 
situation.     Aft.  -ico. 

Om-uccio,  -uncolo;  v.  Omo,  Aff. 
*On  w.;  =  Uomo,  man. 

Onagr-ay!,  -o  m.  (Gr.  ovaypQ*)',  i.  wild  ass, 
E  gnus  onager.  2.  (mit.)  a  kind  of  catapult.  3.  (Itot.) 
evening  primrose,  Oenothera  biennis,  also  termed 
Rapunzio,  Stella  di  sera. 

Onagrarie  f.  //.;  (bot.)  the  Onagracfae,  vie. 
fuchsias,  etc. 

*Onagrottolo  w.;=Onocrotalo,  pelican. 
fOncay!;  Mettersi  un  peso  in  —  ,  to  take  up  a 
burden. 

*Oncensio  w.;=Incenso. 


Oncia/  (L.  uncia);  ounce,  twelfth 
part  of  a  pound.  Esser,  Andare  sull'  un- 
dici  once,  to  be  all  but  gone.  Far  la 
libbra  d'  ondici  —  ,  to  cheat. 

*i.  inch.  ii.  minute  quantity;  Stare  a  once,  to 
live  sparingly,  iii.  Esser  sulle  du'  once,  =  sull'  on- 
dici —  .  iv.  Esser  d'  undid  —  ,  to  be  of  illegitimate 
birth. 

Onciale  ;  uncial  (letters)  in  old 
manuscripts,  i.e.  capital  letters;  origi- 
nally sculptured  letters  of  an  Oncia  in 
height. 

Oncinay?;  dim.  vezz.  Oncia. 
*Oncinato;  i.  hooked,     ii.  fig.  rapacious. 

Oncino  w.;  =  Uncino,  hook. 
*Onco  m.  (Gr.  6-yieos);  overloading  the  stomach. 

Onc6ma  m.  ;  (surg.)  tumour. 

Onda  f.  (L.  unda%  a  nasalised  form 
<  root  wed)  wet,  cp.  Gr.  v8<*>pt  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  su&  Undulate);  wave. 

*  Ondamenti  m.  pi.;  furrows  in  the  cheeks  from 
weeping. 

Ondata_/?;  i.  blow  from  a  wave.    2.  undulation. 
Ondatra  m.\  musk-rat,  Fiber  zibethicus. 

Onde  (L.  unde)\  whence,  wherefore. 

Ondeggi-are  ind.  ond^ggio;  to  un- 
dulate. Affi  -am^nto. 

Ond^tta,  Ondicellay:;  dim.  Onda. 
Ondinay,  ;  Undine,  water-nymph. 
Ondisonante  ;  (poet.)  wave-resounding. 

Ond6s-o;  wavy.  *i.  wet.  ii.  marine. 
Aff.  -ita. 

*Ondua  f.  (It.  uno,  due);  Vedere  —  ,  to  see 
imperfectly.  Imparare  nell*  —  ,  never  to  learn  any- 
thing. 

Ondul-are  ind.  o*ndulo  ;  to  undulate.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atorio,  -azidne. 

6ne;  the  augmentative  suffix.  A.S  adj.,  Un 
minchione  ma  proprio  one,  a  most  superlative  fool. 

Onerare  ind.  unero  (L.);  to  burden. 

Onerari-o;  burdensome.     Nave  -a,  cargo  ship. 

6ner-e  m.  (L.  wins)',  burden.     Aff*  -oso. 
tOnisco  w/.;=Cruschello,  fine  bran. 

Onesta  /.  ;  i.  honour,  honourable 
conduct.  2.  (eccl.  antiphr.)  Pubblica 
—  ,  (breach  of)  public  decency,  as  one 
of  the  absolute  bars  against  marriage. 

*a  kind  of  neck-handkerchief  worn  by  nuns. 
*Onestade  /;   i.  =Onesta.      ii.    seemliness,   D. 
Purg.  3.  ii. 

Onestare  ind.  onesto;  i.  to  justify. 
2.  to  gloss  over. 

Onest-o  (L.  honestus)\  honest,  in 
the  widest  sense,  honourable,  self- 
respecting,  fair-dealing.  Of  a  horse, 
tractable,  easy.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

*  Onfacino  ;  (oil)  from  unripe  olives. 

*  Onfiare  ;  =  Entiare,  to  swell. 
Onghi411ay!;  =  Unghietta,  cross-cutting  chisel. 

*  Ongiay!;=  Unghia,  nail,  claw. 


406 


ONICA— ORARE 


*Onica/;  a  sweet  spice. 
*Oniccio  ;«.;  =  Ontano,  elder  tree. 

6nice  m.  (Or.  ow();  onyx. 
*Onichino  in.',  onyx. 

•Onire    (O.  H.G.    Mnen);     to    dishonour,    Fr. 
honnir. 

•Onirocriticay:  (Gr.);  dream-interpretation. 
*Onironio  m. ;  jewel  for  preventing  bad  dreams. 

Onnibus ;  v.  Omnibus. 

Onninamente  (L.  omniua);  altogether. 

Onnipoten-te  (Onnipossente);  as  E.     Aff.-zz. 

Onniscien-te;  omniscient.    Aff.  -za. 

Onniveggen-te;  all-seeing.     Aff.  -za, 

Onnivoro;  omnivorous. 

Onocardio  «/. ;  (but.)  teasel,  Dipsacttsfitllonttm. 

Onocentauro  m. ;  monster  half  ass,  half  bull. 

Onocrotalo  m.  (Gr.);  pelican. 

Onomastico  (Gr.  ovofiaoriKos) ',  re- 
lating to  name.  Giorno  — ,  the  saint's 
day  after  whom  one  is  named.  As  st>., 
dictionary,  esp.  of  proper  names. 

Onomato-pea  f.   (Gr.    ocOMaron-oua)  ;     word- 
making  from  a  natural  sound,  v.  Pflnn.     Aff.  -peicp. 
On6nidey! ;  (bot.)  rest-harrow,  Ononis  arvensis. 

On6r-e  >«.  (L.  honor};  honour. 
Farsi  —  di,  to  give  (it)  away.  Piuttosto 
che  esser  costretto  a  dargliela,  mi  son 
voluto  far  onore,  rather  than  be  com- 
pelled to  give  it  up  to  him  I  determined 
to  give  it  away.  Farsi  —  del  sol  di 
luglio,  to  give  away  the  sun  in  July, 
i.e.  claim  credit  for  that  which  deserves 
none. 

*  Perder  1'  —  del  secolo,  to  lose  one's  good  name. 
Ajf.  -abile,  -ahilita,  -abilmente,  -ando,  -anza 
mark  of  public  esteem,  -are,  -ario,  -atamente,  -atezza 
(i.q.  onore),  -atore,  -atrice,  -evole,  -evolezza,  -evol- 
mente,  -ificamente,  -ificentissimo  worthy  of  the 
greatest  honour,  -ificenza  the  conferring  a  ribbon  or 
cross  of  an  Order,  -ifico  (work)  carrying  distinction 
with  it,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

6nta/  (O.H.G.  honida,  cp.  Germ. 
Hohn,  shame,  Fr.  honte,  O.  Fr.  honir, 
It.  onire) ;  insult.  Ad  —  di,  in  spite  of. 

Ontan-a  f.,  -0  m.  (L.  alnus,  through 
**  alnetanus  <**  alnetitm,  alder  planta- 
tion) ;  alder. 

Ontan6t-a  /.,  -0  ;«. ;  alder  planta- 
tion. 

*Ont-are,  -ire;  =  Onire,  to  dishonour. 

*Onto  ;«.;  =  Unto,  grease. 

Ontolog-ia  f.  (Gr.  TO.  ocra,  that  which  is, 
Aoyos) ;  ontology,  metaphysics.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -ismo,  -ista,  -o. 

Ont6s-o ;  shameful.    Aff.  -amdnte. 

*Ontra/;  =  Onta. 
-     *Ontuoso  ;  =  Untuoso,  greasy. 

Onusto  (L.) ;  loaded. 

*Onuto;  disgraced,  v.  Onire. 

Oolit-eyi,  -o  m.  (Gr.  taov,  egg,  Xi'0os);  (ftffL) 
oolite. 

Opac-o  (L.);  opaque.     Aff.  -amente,  -Ha. 
Opal-e  m.    (L.,  =  Gr.    oiroAAios);    opal.     Aff. 
-escente,  -ino. 

*Opence  (L.);  =  Artefice,  workman. 

6per-a  (L. ;  the  root  is  ap,  to  work, 
cp.  Saitskr.  ap-as,  work,  apuas,  gain, 
L.  ops,  wealth,  Germ,  uben,  to  practise); 
i.  work,  labour.  2.  =  Opra,  one  day's 
work.  3.  in  Tuscany,  office  in  charge 
of  an  important  church  building  ;  L'  — 
del  Duomo,  the  works  department  of 
the  Cathedral.  4.  -  pia,  charitable 
institution.  5.  (mus.)  opera.  6.  -e  vive 
o  morte,  (a)  (eccl.)  works  which  do  or  do 
not  earn  salvation  ;  (V)  (mar.)  —  viva, 
the  parts  of  a  hull  below  the  water-line ; 
—  morta,  those  above  it. 

Aff.  -abile  practicable,  -abilita,  -accia^^^.,  -aio 
or  aia  workman  or  woman,  -are,  -ativamente,  -atjvo, 
-atdre,  -atrice.  -azioncella  or  -azioncina  dim.,  -azione, 
-etta  dim.  (in  music  or  literature^,  -icci5Ia  dim.,  -ina 


dim.  vezz.,  -one  or  -t5na  augm,  (in  music  or  litera- 
ture), -osame'nte,  -osita,  -oso  industrious,  -uccia  dim. 

Operculo  m.  (L.,  root  uer,  to  move,  with  prefix 
0/-,  =  L.  ob,  v.  Aprire,  etym.);  I.  (tat)  lid,  esp.  of 
the  spore-case  of  urn-mosses.  2.  in  fishes,  the  bony 
covering  of  the  gills.  3.  the  covering  of  the  aperture 
of  certain  univalve  shells. 

Oper-etta,  -iccidla,  -6ne,  etc.;  i>.  Opera,  Aff. 
*Opi ;  A  — ,  at  need. 
*Opifice;«.;  workman. 

Opiffcio  m. ;  works,  large  work- 
shop. 

Opfm-o  (L.);  rich  (soil).  Spoglie  -e, 
L.  spolia  opima,  the  arms  taken  on  the 
field  of  battle  by  the  victorious  general 
from  the  vanquished  one. 

Etym.  L.,  prob.  contr.  <.opi-pimus,  where  aft- 
corresponds  to  L.  of>s,  wealth,  root  aft,  to  work,  v. 
supra  Opera,  and  -plmvs  is  <  root  pi,  fat,  cp.  Gr. 
niviv,  fat,  Sanskr.  pivas,  fat,  L.  pi-h^uis,  fat. 

Opin-are  ind.  opino  (L. ,  further  etym.  dub.', 
perhaps  referable  to  "open,  to  collect  with  the 
mind,  whence  in-  or  tiec-opinus,  unexpected,  v. 
supra  Opera);  to  think. 

Aff.  -abile  (matter)  of  opinion,  thinkable,  -abil- 
mente, -ativo  thinking  or  capable  of  thinking,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -ionaccia /*££•.,  -ione. 

Opobalsamo  m. ;  (bat.)  balm  of  Gileail,  Rat- 
samoitendroJi  gileadense,  a  tree. 

Opop6naco  ;«.  (Gr.  OTTOS,  juice,  iracaxeia) ; 
(bot.)  opopanax,  a  genus  of  Umbel  I  if  era*,  yielding 
a  gum  resin  used  in  perfumery  and  formerly  in 
medicine. 

6ppe  la;  a  call  of  encouragement  to  a  horse. 

Oppiare  ;  to  put  opium  into  (wine,  etc.). 
*Oppido(L.);  castle. 

Oppignor-are  (L.) ;  to  sequestrate.  Aff. 
.  azione. 

Oppil-are  ind.  bppilo  (L.);  (med.)  to  obstruct 
any  duct  or  the  action  of  any  organ.  Aff.  -ativo, 
-azione. 

6ppio  m.  (Gr.  Siriov,  dim.  of  OTTOS 
juice);  I.  opium.  2.  pop.  for  Loppio 
maple. 

Opponere ;  v.  Opporre. 

Oppdrre  ind.  opp6ngo,  v.  Porre 
(L.) ;  i.  to  oppose.  2.  —  a  (una  sen- 
tenza),  to  appeal  against. 

Opportun-amente,  -ismo,  -ista,  -ita;  v.  -o. 
Opportune  (I,.,  v.  Importuno);  as  E. 
Oppositdre  m.\  opposer. 

Oppos-izi6ne,  -izioncella  dim. ;  v.  Opporre. 
Oppostamente  ;    from  the  opposite  point  of 
view. 

Opp6sto ;  part.  Opporre. 
Oppress-ione/:;  as  E.    Aff.  -ivo,  -ore. 

Opprfmere  ind.  opprfmo,  perf. 
oppress),  part,  oppresso  (L.) ;  to 
oppress. 

Oppugn-are  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Oppuram^nte,  Oppure ;  stronger 
forms  of  O,  or. 

6pra  /  (It.  opera) ;  one  day's  work, 
or  pay  therefor,  or  the  workman.  —  di 
San  Clementone,  idler. 

Oprante  m. ;  day-labourer. 
Oprare ;  to  work. 

*Oprire;  =  Aprire,  to  open. 

Optare  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sttt  Option);  to  choose. 

Opulen-to  (L.,<0/J,  v.  supra  Opera);  rich. 
Aff.  -za. 

Opiinziay:;  (tot.)  cactus,  Opuntta. 

Opiiscol-o  m.  (L.);  little  book.  Aff.  -accio 
pegs.,  -etto  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -uccio  dint,  spreg. 

Opzi6neyC  (L.);  option. 

6r;  i.  short  for  Orto.  Or  S.  Michele, 
i.e.  S.  M.  in  orto,  a  church  at  Florence. 
2.  short  for  Ora. 

6ra  /  (L.  hora,  hour,  cp.  Gr.  tapa, 
season,  Zend  ydre,  year,  O.H.G.  jdr, 
Goth,  jer,  A.S.  gear,  so  that  the  word 
must  orig.  have  meant  year;  cp.  also 


L.  hornus,  this  year's);  (A)  i.  hour; 
L'  un'  ora,  i  a.m. ;  Che  —  e?  what  time 
is  it?  ;  Ore  canoniche,  orsimply  Ore, the 
divisions  of  tUe  daily  church  service,  v. 
Canonico  ;  —  rubata,  the  time  remain- 
ing over  from  the  day's  usual  occupa- 
tions ;  —  bruciata,  awkward  time  (for 
doing  something) ;  Le  quarant'  ore,  the 
exposition  of  the  Host  for  forty  hours, 
which,  as  instituted  by  S.  Leonardo 
da  Porto  Maurizio,  takes  place  from 
church  to  church  throughout  the  year  ; 
Far  1'  — ,  to  remain  an  hour  in  wor- 
ship. 2.  Non  veder  1'  —  di...,  to  look 
forward  with  the  utmost  pleasure  to.... 
3.  Alia  buon'  — ,  all  right.  4.  A  quest'  — , 
A  quell'  — ,  by  this  time,  by  that  time. 
5.  Da  un'  --  all'  altra,  soon.  6.  Di 
buon'  — ,  early  in  the  morning.  7.  Ore 
eguali,  eguinoziali  or  francesi,  hours  of 
equal  length  from  one  midnight  or 
midday  to  the  next;  ineguali  or  dis- 
uguali,  planetarie  or  italiane,  hours 
obtained  by  dividing  into  twelve  parts 
the  period  of  the  sun  being  above  or 
below  the  horizon.  8.  Ore  regolari,  = 
Canoniche,  it.  supra.  9.  Esser  alle 
ventitre  ore,  to  be  near  death.  10.  A 
un'  — ,  at  the  same  time,  v.  infra  Ora 
adv.  (2). 

fS"  In  the  Middle  Ages  time  was 
reckoned  by  the  Canonical  Hours,  v. 
Canonico,  and  an  hour  continued  to  be 
in  Italian,  as  in  Latin,  the  twelfth  part 
of  the  time  from  sunrise  to  sunset,  or 
from  sunset  to  sunrise.  But  when 
clocks  were  invented  it  became  the 
twenty-fourth  part  of  the  time  from 
midnight  to  midnight  and  such  ex- 
pressions as  II  tocco,  =  i  p.m.,  Le  dieci, 
=  10  a.m.,  then  arose,  so  that,  though 
La  decima  ora  del  giorno  was  from  3  to 
4/,7/z.,  Le  dieci  never  meant  anything 
but  ten  o'clock,  and  expressions  like 
La  decima  ora  del  giorno  dropped  out 
of  Italian  as  out  of  English.  In  the 
old  system  the  complete  day  of  twenty- 
four  hours  was  considered  to  begin  at 
sunset,  and  this  mode  of  reckoning 
time  still  lingers  in  phrases  such  as 
Suonano  le  ventiquattro,  the  evening 
Ave  Maria  is  being  sung. 

t(B)(L.  ora);  sea-shore. 

6ra  adv.  (from  L.  hora,  the  ablative 
case) ;  i.  now;  E  giunto  or  ora,  he  has 
just  come  ;  Ora  com'  ora  non  posso, 
I  can't  do  it  just  now;  D'  ora  in  avanti, 
in  poi,  or  in  Ik,  from  this  time  forward ; 
Per  ora,  (a)  for  the  present,  (6)  up  to  the 
present  time.  2.  A  un'  ora,  at  one 
sitting,  v.  supra  Ora  (10). 

*  6ra  y;;  =  Aura.     —  mattutina,   the  breath  of 
morning,   D.  Purg.   i.   115. 

Orabo  >w.;  =  Orobo,  lentil. 

Oracolo  (L.,<0r<zrf,  to  speak);  oracle. 

Orada ;  v.  Grata. 

Orafo  w.  ;  =  Orefice,  goldsmith. 

*  Oragano  m. ;  =  Uragano,  hurricane. 
Oral-e  (L.  os,  oris);  oral.    Aff.  -mente. 

*  As  sb. :  \.  veil.    ii.  hood  worn  by  the  Pope  when 
celebrating  mass  pontifically. 

Oramai  ;  -v.  Ormai. 

Orangutan  in. ;  a  Malay  word,  =  wild  man  of 
the  woods. 

Orare  ind.  oro  (A)  (L.);  to  pray.  *to  speak. 
(B);  *to  gild. 


ORARIO— ORECCHIO 


407 


Orari-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Ora);  I.  time- 
table ;  In  — ,  punctual.  As  adj. : 

2.  hourly.     3.  Linea  -a,  line  of  shadow 
from  the  gnomon  of  a  sun-dial.  4.  Febbre 
-a,  fever  lasting  but  a  few  hours. 

Orata.  prada  f.  (L.  aurttta,  from  the  fish's 
colour);  i.  gilt-head,  Clirysophris  aurata.  2.  do- 
rado, CoryftliOi'na  hippurus. 

Orat6re  m.',  i.  orator.  2.  =  Avvocato  del  fisco, 
magistrate  who  lays  down  the  law  in  a  civil  trial. 

3.  ambassador. 

Orat6r-ia/^;  oratory.    Aff.  -iamente. 
Oratdrio  m. ;    i.    oratory,   chapel,     a.    Order 
founded  by  St  Philip  of  Neri.     3.    (mus.)  oratorio. 

4.  as  adj.,  oratorical.    *orac!e. 
tOratura_A;  =  Indoratura,  gilding. 

Oraziano ;  Horatian. 

Orazi6n-e  /  (L.);  i.  speech. 
2.  prayer;  Dir  1'  --  della  bertuccia, 
to  blaspheme.  3.  M'  intendo  da  me 
nelle  mi'  -i,  I  know  what  I  mean,  i.e.  I 
do  not  choose  to  say  any  more. 

Orbacca  /  (L.  lauri  bacca);  bay- 
laurel  berry,  usu.  Coccola ;  the  term 
is  also  applied  to  cypress  or  myrtle 
berries,  etc. 

Orbaco  m. ;  (hot.)  bay  tree,  v.  Alloro 
(i). 

Orbare  ind.  orbo;  to  bereave,  v. 
Orbo. 

6rbe  m.  (L.);  i.  orb.  2.  —  catto- 
lico,  Catholic  world. 

*i.  =  Orbita,  orbit,  ii.  area  circumscribed  by  a 
planetary  orbit,  iii.  globe  (of  the  eye),  iv.  —  fer- 
rate, iron  tyre  of  a  wheel. 

Orb6  ;  =  Orbene,  well ! 

Orbello  in.  \  a  steel  or  glass  plate  used  for 
smoothing  out  creases  in  hides. 

Orbettino  w.;  =  Ceciglia,  blind-worm. 

Orbicella  f. ;  a  genus  of  fossils,  Brachiopoda. 

Orbicol-are  or  -ato(L.);  round. 
*  Orbido  ;  i.  -  Orbo.     ii.  =  Sciocco,  "silly. 
tOrbiglia./;  (hot.)  wild  pea,  v.  Pisello(i,  e). 

6rbita/.  (L.);  orbit. 

Orbitella.yC;  a  genus  of  spiders,  Orbitela. 

6rb-0  (L.,  v.  Orfano);  r.  bereft. 
2.  blind,  squinting,  one-eyed,  or  short- 
sighted ;  also  fig.  Legnati  da  -i,  blows 
of  blind  fury;  Spropositi  da  -i,  gigantic 
blunders ;  Cosa  da  -i,  wildest  tale. 

•Orbolo  m. ;  a  variety  of  olive. 

6rca  (Urea)/;  (actual  eiym.  unknown,  but  cj>. 
Gr.  oAiea?,  barge,  O.  H.G.  holcho,  E.  ana  Dutch 
hulk,  all  of  which  prod,  have  the  same  origin); 
Dutch  transport  ship. 

Orca  (asyif/w.  of  Oreo,  o.v.,  from  the  voracity 
of  the  animal);  grampus,  "killer"  whale,  thresher. 

Orcadi  /  //. ;  the  Orkney  islands. 

Orce ;  v.  Orza. 

Orcella/;  (bat.)  orseille,  v,  Oricella. 

Orcello  m. ;  dim.  vezx.  Orcio. 

Orceolato  (L.  urceolits.  v.  Orcio);  (oot.)  in- 
flated (calyx)  as  in  the  bladder  campion. 

Orch6ssay;;  wife  of  the  Oreo,  ogress. 

Orchestr-a  f.  (Gr. ,  <  opxe'o^ot,  to  dance,  orig, 
the  space  in  the  Attic  theatre  where  the  chorus 
danced);  as  E.  Ajff.  -ale,  -azione. 

Orchetto  m.\  —  marine,  common  scoter  duck, 
Oidtmia  rtigra,  also  termed  Macrosa. 

Orchidee/:  //.  (L.  orchis);  (tot.)  the  orchid 
family. 

•  Orcia/ ;  i.  =  Orza,  halyard,  ii.  =  Mezzina,  jug. 
iii.  =  Orcio.  iv.  irreg.  pi.  of  Orcio. 

Orciaia  /  ;  cellar  for  oil-jars. 

Orciaio  m. ;  seller  of  oil-jars. 

Orcifcro  m. ;  sailor  who  attends  to 
the  Orza,  halyard  ;  Naviglio  buono  — , 
good  sailer  when  close-hauled  to  the 
wind. 

Orciglia/:;  (tot.)  a  kind  of  lichen. 
Orcina  /. . ;  orcin,  a  crystalline  substance  ex- 
tracted from  lichens.     It  is  colourless  but  changes 


read_ily  into  orcein,  a  brownish  dye  closely  related 
to  litmus. 

Orcino  tn.  \  dim.  either  of  Orca  or  Orcio. 

6rcio  m.  (L.  urceus);  pitcher,  oil- 
jar  ;  Venir  giu  1'  acqua  in  orci,  of  rain, 
to  come  down  in  buckets ;  Messo  nell'  — , 
done  for,  as  it  were  head  downwards  in 
a  bucket;  Cascar  nell' — ,  to  be  trapped; 
Far  fuoco  nell'  — ,  to  do  a  thing  in 
secret ;  Impiegato  a  batter  il  naso 
negli  -i,  said  of  an  ugly  face  ;  ///.,  used 
for  making  an  impression  of  a  nose  on 
oil  jars. 

Orciolaio  m. ;  =  Orciaio,  jar-seller. 

Orciole'tto,  Orciollno  m.  ;  dim. 
Orciolo. 

Orcidlo  m.;  dim.  Orcio,  v.  Orciuolo. 

Orcidne  ;«. ;  augm.  Orcio. 

*Orcipoggia  f.\  (mar.)  halyard  on  a  Medi- 
terranean felucca  used  to  supplement  either  the 
Orza,  halyard  on  the  windward  side,  or  the  Poggia, 
halyard  on  the  lee  side. 

Orciu61-0  m.  (dim.  Orcio) ;  jug. 

6rco  m.  (L.);  i.  ogre.  2.  hell. 
3.  Pluto.  4.  —  marino,  velvet  scoter 
duck,  Oedemia  fusca,  also  termed 
Anatra  nera,  Germano  di  mare,  Oreo 
marino  minore. 

Orda  /.  (Tartar  word) ;  horde. 
Ordeaceo  (L.  kordeaceits);  of  barley. 

*  Ordente  ;  part.  Ordire. 

Ordigno  (Ordegno)  m.  (bit.  **ordi- 
neum,  <  L.  or  dinar  e) ;  tool. 

*i.  mechanism,  ii.  Opera  per  — ,  treachery. 
Hi.  =  Scrigno,  box. 

Ordimento  m. ;  v.  Ordtre. 

Ordinabile  ;  v.  Ordinare. 

Ordinale ;  as  E.     *i,  =  Ordinario.     ii.  orderly. 

Ordinalmente  ;  in  an  orderly  way. 

Ordinamento  m.',  i.  order.     2.  ordinance. 
*i.    secret   order,     ii.    good   sense;    Fare   — ,   to 
think  over  (what  is  to  be  done). 

Ordinando ;  (eccl.)  (person)  to  be  ordained. 

Ordinanza  / ;  i.  disposition  (of 
troops).  2.  Ufficiali  d' — ,  staff  officers. 
3.  Soldato  d'  —  or  — ,  orderly,  soldier 
servant.  4.  D'  — ,  as  directed  by  the 
regulations.  5.  instructions. 

*  i.   order,  decree,     ii.   arrangement  of  a  speech. 
iii.  {mil.)  discipline,     iv.  soldiery,     v.  troops  drawn 
up  in  order. 

Ordinare    ind.    prdino;    i.    to    set    in    order. 

2.  to  arrange  (in  conjunction  with  another  person). 

3.  (eccl.)   to   ordain.     4.  =  Comandare,  to  order  (a 
dinner,  medicine,  etc.). 

Ordinaria  /.;  ..  (lef.)  the  Corpus  juris  for 
civil  law,  or  the  Decretals  for  canon  law.  2.  ordinary 
course  of  study. 

Ordinan-accio /»<•£•£•.,  -amente  ;  v.  Ordinario, 
adj. 


'/.  m.  ordinari  ;  I.  ordi- 
nary. 2.  as  sb.,  confessor  to  a  nun- 
nery. 3.  (eccl.)  ordinary,  i.e.  bishop. 
4.  salary.  5.  ordinary  dinner  ;  (mil.) 
rations.  6.  postman,  or  course  of  post ; 
Vi  rispondero  per  il  prossimo  — ,  I  will 
answer  by  the  first  post. 

Ordinaridne  m. ',  augm.,  very  vulgar  person. 

Ordinata/.;  i.  (geom.)  ordinate.  a.  (mar.) 
—  Costa,  rib. 

Ordin-atamente,  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atrice ; 
v.  Ordinare. 

Ordinazidne  f. ;  i.  order;  decree.  2.  (eccl.) 
ordination.  3.  (med.)  prescription. 

Ordine  m.  (L.  ordo,  perhaps  akin  to 
ordiri,  to  lay  the  warp);  i.  order; 
All'  — ,  ready  ;  In  —  a,  in  conformity 
with  ;  Impiegato  d'  — ,  junior  clerk,  one 
who  has  no  responsible  work.  2.  Or- 
dini  cavallereschi.  There  are  four 
Italian  Orders:  (a)  The  Annunziata  is 


said  to  have  been  founded  by  AmedeoVI 
(Conte  Verde)  of  Savoy,  frequently 
modified,  the  latest  occasion  having 
been  in  1809,  when  the  number  of 
knights,  exclusive  of  foreigners,  was 
limited  to  twenty  ;  it  consists  of  one 
class  only,  (b)  The  Order  of  Sts  Maurice 
and  Lazarus  was  instituted  in  1434, 
when  the  Order  "  Lazarus,"  supposed 
to  have  been  founded  in  the  Holy  Land 
in  icoo,  was  merged  into  the  later 
creation.  It  has  five  classes  and  is 
bestowed  for  meritorious  services  rend- 
ered to  the  State  in  any  capacity ;  the 
numbers  are  unlimited,  (c)  The  mili- 
tary and  civil  Orders  of  Savoy  were 
founded,  the  former  in  1815  with  four 
classes,  the  latter  in  1831  with  one 
class,  which  is  limited  to  sixty  knights 
who  have  deserved  well  of  their  sove- 
reign and  country,  (d)  The  Order  of 
the  Crown  of  Italy  is  a  recent  creation 
to  commemorate  the  incorporation  of 
Venetia  in  1866.  It  consists  of  five 
classes  and  its  numbers  are  practically 
unlimited ;  the  gradations  are  Cavaliere, 
Ufficiale,  Commendatore,  Grand'  Uffi- 
ciale,  Gran  Cordone.  3.  (mar.)  tier, 
row. 

*i.  stratum,     ii.  —  Imbandigione,  laying  the  table 
for  dinner,     iii.   Prender  —  d  Una  cosa,  to  arrange 
it.      iv.    Sola  e   senza  — ,  =  Senza   mezzi,   without 
means  of  support,     v.    (»/;w.)  =  Scala,  scale. 
Ordingo  ;  pop.  for  Ordigno. 

Ord-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  ordiri) ;  i.  to 
lay  the  warp.  2.  Jig.  to  weave  (plots). 
*to  begin. 

Ordito  m. ;  warp. 
Ordit6io  m. ;  warp-frame. 

Ord-it6re,  -itdra,  -itura ;  v.  -ire. 
*  Ordo  ;  i.  =  Lordo,  dirty,     ii.  =  Orrido,  bristling. 

Orecchi-a  f.\  i.=-o.  2.  (mar.)  —  di  lepre, 
shoulder-of-mutton  sail.  3.  —  di  S.  Pietro,  British 
ear-shell,  Haliotis  tvberculata. 

Orecchiabile  ;  (tints.)  catching,  easy  to  re- 
member. 

Orecchi-accio  ;«. ;  pegg.  of -o. 

Orecchiagnolo  in. ;  pulling  the  ears.  *  i.  dint, 
spreg,  Orecchio.  ii.  handle. 

Orecchiale  m.\  ear-shell,  Haliotis. 

Orecchi-are ;  i.  =Origliare,  to  lis- 
ten. Part,  -ante  as  sb. :  2.  one  who 
learns  music  by  ear.  3.  fig.  one  who 
picks  up  knowledge  of  any  kind. 
4.  eaves-dropper. 

Oreccbiata/  ;  blow  upon,  or  pulling 
of,  the  ear. 

Orecchi-^tta  /  ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of -a. 
2.  (anat.)  auricle  of  the  heart. 

Orecchin-o  m. ;  i.  ear-ring.  2.  (vet.) 
twitch,  applied  to  the  ears  of  a  restive 
horse.  3.  (mar.)  (a)  tackle  working  on 
the  rope  of  another  tackle ;  (6)  in  />/., 
paired  pullies  hanging  one  on  each 
side  of  a  spar.  4.  (hot.)  -i  di  dama,  v. 
Fucsia. 

Orecch-io  m.,  pi.  orecchi  m.  or 
orecchie  f.  (L.  auricula,  dim.  of  aurts, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Ear);  i.  ear.  2.  faculty 
of  hearing.  3.  wing  of  a  plough. 

4.  dog's    ear    to    a   page    of   a   book. 

5.  -i  di  ciuco,  ass's  tars  affixed  to  an 
inattentive   boy.      6.  (tot.)  —  d'  orso, 

(a)  garden-auricula,  v.   Fiore   (16,  v); 

(b)  —  d'  orso  giallo,  =  Primavera  gialla 


408 


ORECCHIOLO— ORLICCIO 


a  mazzetti,  cowslip  ;  (c)  —  d'  orso 
ventaglino  =  Primula  minima  delle  Alpi, 
smallest  auricula,  Primula  minima. 
7.  -ie  d'  asino,  comfrey,  Symphytum 
offidnale.  8.  —  di  lepre,  =  Arnaglossa, 
rib-grass,  one  of  the  plantains,  Plan- 
tago  laiiceolata.  9.  —  di  topo,  mouse- 
ear  chickweed,  Cerastium.  10.  (mar.) 
(a)  -ie  (d'ancora),  flukes  ;  (i)  -ie  del  bom- 
presso,  B's  of  the  bowsprit,  battens  one 
on  each  side  of  the  bowsprit  with  holes 
through  which  the  foretop-mast  stays 
are  roved. 

Phrases:  n.  Far  campana  coll'  —  , 
to  put  one's  hand  to  one's  ear. 
1  2.  Campar  sugli  -i,  iron,  to  be  a  spy, 
lit.  make  a  living  by  the  ears.  1  3.  Far 
V  —  a,  to  accustom  one's  ear  to.  14.  Mi 
sentivo  fischiare  gli  -i,  I  had  a  singing 
in  my  ears,  i.e.  I  imagined  that  they 
were  talking  about  me  ;  Fischiare 
all'  —  ,  or  nell'  —  ,  to  whisper  into  the 
ear.  15.  Un  par  d'  -i  seccan  cento 
linguc,  i.e.  by  not  listening  we  can  put 
a  stop  to  ill-natured  gossip.  16.  Fare  -i 
di  mercante,  to  make  merchant's  ears, 
i.e.  refuse  to  listen.  17.  Passar  V  —  , 
of  a  cat,  to  stroke  its  ears,  said  to  be 
a  sign  of  rain.  18.  Stiirare  gli  -i  a  uno, 
to  unblock  his  ears,  i.e.  tell  him  plainly 
what  we  think  of  him. 

Orecchiilo  m.\  (shoem.)  \npl  ,  flaps  of  leather 
tied  together  across  the  front  of  a  shoe.  tz».  Orec- 
chiuolo. 

»  Orecchiona  f.  ;  chin-strap  of  a  helmet. 

Oreccbi6ne  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Orecchio. 
2.  in  pi.  =  Gattoni,  mumps.  3.  (mil.) 
shoulder  of  earth  faced  with  bricks  to 
strengthen  a  bastion.  4.  trunnion. 
5.  ear-piece  of  a  fencing-  mask.  6.  long- 
eared  bat,  Plecotus  auritus.  *clown, 
boor. 

Orecchioniera  f.  ;  trunnion-plate  of  a  gun- 
carriage. 

*  Orecchiuolo  m.  ;  i.  earnng.     n.  ear-flap  of  a 
cap. 

Orecchiut-0  ;  long-eared.  -ello,  dim. 


e  in.  (L.  aurifex);  goldsmith. 
Aff.  -eria,  -iuccio  dim.  spreg. 

*  Oreggiare  (It.  oro);  to  glitter. 

*  Oreggio  ;  v.  Orezzo. 

*  Oreglio  m.  ;  =  Orecchio,  ear. 

Orellinay:  ;  (ckem.)  arnotto,  a  reddish  colouring- 
matter  extracted  from  the  Orleana,  arnotto  tree, 
Bixa  arellana,  a  tree  of  Central  America,  also 
termed  Rocu,  Urucu. 

Oremus(I..);  prayer. 

Oreria  /  ;  articles  made  of  gold. 

Or6tta/;  dim.  Ora,  hour. 

Orezzo  m.  (Orezza/)  (bit.  **auri- 
tiurn<L.  aura);  gentle  breeze. 

6rfan-o  (L.  orphanus,  <Gr.  6p<pav6t, 
root  orb,  cp.  L.  orbus,  O.H.G.  arbja); 
orphan.  Aff.  -a,  -ello  dim.,  -ezza, 
orphanhood. 

Orfanotrofio  m.  ;  orphanage. 

Orfeo;   i.    Orpheus;  Favola  d'  —  ,  that  written 
hyPolitian;  L'  —  pesarese,  Rossini  ;  Buggered'  —  , 
ridiculous  pretences,   wonderful   tales,     a.    (ornitk.) 
Orphean  warbler,  -u.  Bigia  (i).     Aff.  Orfico. 
*Orgagnolo  »/.;  =  Organo. 

Organaccio  m.;  pegg.  Organo. 

Organaio  >«.;  organ-builder. 
*Organal-e;  Vene  -i,  the  veins  of  the  neck. 

Organ  -amen  to,  -are  ;  =  Organizz-amento,  -are. 

Organato  ;  made  like  organ  pipes. 

Organdisse  m.  (Fr.  organdi)  ;  fine  muslin. 


Organetto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Orga_no.  2.  —  a  mano- 
vella,  portable  organ.  3.  —  a  tavolino, «  Fisarmonica, 
harmonium.  4.  a  name  for  two  species  of  linnet, 
viz.  (a)  mealy  red-poll  linnet,  Linaria  alnorum, 
also  termed  Cardinaletto,  Fanello  gentile,  Sizermo, 
(6)  —  minore,  lesser  red-poll  linnet,  Linaria  ru- 
fescens. 

Organ-ico;  as  E.     Aff.  -icame'nte,  -ismo. 

Organino  «/. ;  i.  dim.  vczz.  Organo.  2.  accor- 
dion. 3.  —  a  cilindro,  barrel-organ. 

Organist  a  /;/.;  as  E. 

Organizz-amento,  -are,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azidne ;  organising,  etc. 

6rgan-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.  Spyavov,  root 
erg,  to  work);  i.  organ;  II  resto  lo 
canta  1'  — ,  I  leave  the  rest  to  your 
imagination.  2.  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of 
compound  arquebuse,  something  like 
the  modern  mitrailleuse.  3.  a  coral,  v. 
Tubipora.  4.  the  European  hog-fish,  a 
large  red  spiny-headed  marine  fish, 
Scorpaena  scrofa.  5.  a  form  of  port- 
cullis without  cross-pieces,  and  with 
the  upright  pieces  independent  of  each 
other,  so  that  if  the  enemy  had  lodged 
a  cart  in  the  middle  the  sides  could 
still  be  blocked  by  dropping  the  pieces 
of  the  Organo.  6.  in  pi.,  the  gear  of 
machinery.  7.  a  species  of  gurnard,  v. 
Capone  (5,  e). 

Aff.  -ogenia  study  of  the  development  of  the 
vital  organs,  -ogenico,  -ografia  description  of  vital 


any  organ,  -oscopia  (anat.)  examination  of  the  vital 
organs,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Organzfno  m.  (Fr.  organsin)',  organzine,  a 
kind  of  double  thrown  silk  of  very  fine  texture. 

Orgasmo  m.  (Gr.);  (meet.}  organic  excitement, 
t  Orghe  HI.  ;  a  species  of  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5,  a). 

Orgia  f.  (A)  (Gr.  opyta,  sacred  rite,  akin  to 
epyov)  ',  orgy.     (B)  (Gr.  opyvia,  <  opeyco,  to  stretch) ; 
fathom,  the  length  of  the  outstretched  arms. 
*Orgio  w.;=Orzo,  barley. 

Org6gli-o  m.  (O.H.G.  urguoli  from 
urguol,<.ur  or  us,  out,  +  guol  or  gal, 
luxuriant);  i.  pride.  2.  (bot.)  exube- 
rance. Aff.  -accio  spreg.,  -dtto  dim., 
-osa.cc\o  pegg.  of -oso, -osamdnte,  -osetto 
dim.  of  -oso,  -6so,  -osuccio  dim.  of  -oso, 
-re=Inorgoglire. 

Orianayl;  arnotto,  a  dye  from  the  Bixa  orel- 
larta  of  Guiana,  ?'.  Orellina. 
•Oribandoio  »/.;  belt. 

Oricalco  (Auricalco)  m.  (Gr.  opei- 
X<iAicor) ;  i.  brass.  2.  an  ancient  metal, 
probably  copper.  3.  brass  pot.  4.  (poet.) 
in  //.,  trumpets. 

*Oricanno  m.;  scent-bottle. 

6rice  m.  (Gr.  opvf,  pickaxe,  <opv<nr«>,  to  dig; 
the  term  was  applied  to  the  antelope  from  the  shape 
of  its  horns) ;  oryx. 

tOrice   m.    (bit.   **oricius,<  L.    ora,   edge,  cp. 
Orlo);  =  Cimossa,  edging. 

Oricella/.  (etym.  dub.,  v.  Oricello);  (tot.)  or- 
cella  weed  or  dyers'  orchal,  Roccellti  tinctoria,  a 
lichen,  the  source  from  which  litmus  is  prepared ; 
it  is  also  termed  Orcella,  Rocella,  Raspa. 

Oricell-ai.  -ari ;  Orti  — ,  Via  — ,  gardens  and 
street  in  Florence  of  that  name. 
*Oricellare;  to  dye. 

Oricell-o  m.,  -&/.',  i.  the  plant,  f.  supra, 
Oricella.  2.  litmus. 

Etym.  Prat.  <  Fr.  orseille,  <  old  Fr.  orso/r,  of 
unkn.  origin.  Or  it  may  be  a  corruption  of  Ital. 
Rocella,  q.v. 

Orichicco  (Orochicco)  m.  (It.  oro, +chiccp,  lit. 
gold  pip) ;  gum  exuded  from  the  cherry  and  similar 
trees. 

Ori-chiomato,  -crinito ;  (poet.) golden-haired. 
*Oricolo  /«.;  =  Orecchio,  ear. 
*Oriconocchia;  with  golden  distaff. 

Orient -are;  to  trim  (a  sail),  -arsi,  to  find 
one's  bearings. 

Oriental-e,  -ista,  -mente;  as  E. 

Oriente  w. ;  east.     As  part.,  rising  (sun). 

Etym.  L.,  part,  of  orior,  to  rise,  root  tir,  to 
move,  cp.  Gr.  opwfjn,  to  arouse. 


Orifiamma  f.  (Fr.,  <  old  Fr.  orie,  <  L.  aurea, 
^rjlatnme) ',  oriflamme,  a  red  silk  fla^  divided  into 
many  points,  and  borne  on  a  gilt  lance,  the  old  royal 
standard  of  France.  It  was  originally  a  three- 
pointed  flag  belonging  to  the  abbey  of  St  Denis. 
At  D.  Par.  31.  127,  the  throne  of  the  Virgin. 

Orifizio  »i.  (L.  os,  oris,+facit>)',  orifice. 

Origano  m.  (L.);  (bot.)  marjoram,  v.  Erba  (5). 

Origin-ale,  -alita,  -almente,  -are,  -aria- 
mente,  -ario,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -e ;  as  E.  (L.  origo, 
<orior,  v.  Oriente). 

Origliare  (Proveng.  aurelhar,< 
aurelha  ear, < L.  auricula,  v.  Orecchio); 
to  listen,  to  spy. 

Origlifcre  m.  (Proveng.  aurelkier,> 
Fr.  oreiller,  v.  Origliare) ;  pillow. 

Orin-a  f.\  urine.  Aff.  -alata  contents  of,  or 
blow  with,  an  Orinale,  -ale  chamber-pot,  *  vessel  for 
distilling,  -aletto  dim.,  -are  vb.,  -ario  urinary  (ducts) 
or  diuretic  (drugs),  .atoio  urinal. 

Etym.  L.  uritia  (where  -ina  is  a  suffix),  cp.  Gr. 
oiip<'u>,  to  pass  water,  Gr.  ovpia,  a  waterbird  (v.  infra, 
Uria),  A.S.  wcpr,  the  sea,  from  a  root  meaning 
water,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Urine. 

•Orinci,  Oringa;  In  — (L.  in  oras  longinquas, 
or  in  ortim  hinc),  far  away. 

Oriolaio  m. ;  watchmaker. 
Oriol-6tto  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Ori61o,  Oriublo,  Orolbgio  (Orivolo) 
m.  (L.  horologium,  <  Gr.  wpoXoyiov) ; 
i.  time-piece;  —  di  tasca,  watch  ;  —  a 
polvere,  hour-glass  ;  —  a  sole,  =  Meri- 
diana,  sun-dial ;  —  a  cilindro,  cylinder 
watch;  — a  ripetizione,  repeater;  Cari- 
care  1'  — ,  to  wind  it  ;  L'  —  va  indietro, 
loses,  va  avanti,  gains  ;  Rimettere  1'  — , 
to  put  it  right ;  Smontare  1'  — ,  to  take  it 
to  pieces  ;  Aver  il  cervello  a  — ,  to  be 
not  quite  right  in  the  head  (as  a  watch  is 
seldom  quite  right  in  its  time) ;  Aver  1' — 
in  testa,  to  be  always  right  in  judging 
the  time.  2.  =  Rigogolo,  oriole. 

Oripe  m. ;  a  microscopic  worm  in  vinegar. 
*Oriscello  m. ;  =  Orliccio,  crust. 

Oritterdpo  m.  (Gr.  opiucrrfp,  digger,  jroys, 
foot);  ant-eater,  Orycteropus  Capensis. 

Orittogenia  f.  (Gr.  opuicriiT,  dug,  yeVos);  de- 
velopment or  origin  of  rocks  and  fossils. 

OrittognosiayC;  practical  geology. 

Orittologia/l;  geology. 

Oriundo;  native  of. 
Oriu61o,  v.  Oriolo. 

*Orivolo  w.;  =  Oriolo. 

Orizzont-e  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  6pi(,"u>) ;  horizon. 
Aff.  -ale,  -almente. 

Orlando;  Roland,  the  hero  of  the 
romantic  tales  and  poems  founded  on 
the  adventures  of  Charlemagne  and  his 
Paladins,  as  Pulci's  Morgante  Mag- 
giore,  Bojardo's  Orlando  Innamorato, 
and  Ariosto's  Orlando  Furioso.  Metter- 
si  sul  caval  d'  — ,  i.  to  make  oneself 
safe,  2.  to  boast. 

Orl-are  ind.  6rlo;  to  edge,  to  hem. 
Occhi  -ati  di  prosciutto,  bleared,  lit. 
edged  with  ham.  Aff.  -atore,  -atora, 
-atura. 

Orleana ;  v.  Orellina. 

6rleans  m.  •  as  a  material,  a  mixture 
of  cotton  warp  and  worsted  woof, 
Oxford  mixture  ;  also  termed  Aleppina 
from  the  town  of  Aleppo.  Or  it  may  be 
of  silk  and  worsted. 

Orliccet to  m. ;  dim.  of  Orliccio  (a). 

Orllccio  m.  (dim.  Orlo);  i.  extreme 
outer  edge.  2.  extreme  outside  crust  of 
bread.  3.  (bot.)  cicatrix  formed  by  the 
growth  of  bark  where  a  branch  of  a 


ORLINO— ORVIETANO 


409 


tree  has  been  sawn  off.     4.  edge  of  any 
broken  surface. 

Orlino  m,\  dim.  vezz.  Orlo. 

6rlo  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  orle,  Span,  orla, 
edge,<mlt.  orla,  contracted  dim.  of  L. 
ora,  border,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Orle);  I.  edge; 

—  vivo,  sharp  edge.     2.  edging,  hem  ; 
-  a   impuntura,   stitched   hem  ;  —  a 

sopraggitto,  top-sewn  or  seamed  hem  ; 

—  a  punto  a  strega,  herring-boned  hem  ; 

—  sfilato  or  a  giorno,  open-work  hem. 
3.  flange. 

Orluccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Orlo. 

6rm-a  f. ;  foot-mark,  trace.  Metier 
1'  -e  in  mano  a  uno,  to  prescribe  what 
he  is  to  do.  Dar  1'  -e  a'  topi,  to  teach 
rats,  iron,  of  one  who  gives  himself  airs 
of  authority. 

*i.  Chiappar  1'  — ,  to  scent  the  trail,    ii.  meton, 
for  Piede,  D.  Inf.  35.  105. 

Etytn.  unkn.  Perhaps  <  Gr.  6(7^17,  scent,  cp. 
Lombard  and  Venetian  dial,  usnta  and  Span. 
hvsma,  scent.  Korting  regards  this  as  a  very 
doubtful  derivation  for  the  Italian  word  on  account 
of  the  difficulty  of  s>rt  an  unusual  transition  in 
Italian,  and  suggests  Gr.  oppij,  rushing. 

Ormai.  Omai,  Oramai  adv. ;  now, 
by  this  time,  now  and  henceforth. 

Onnare  ind.  ormo;  to  follow  the 
track  of. 

Ormeggi-are  ind.  ormdggio  (A)  ; 
freq.  of  Ormare. 

(B)  (bit.  ** ormitiare,<Gr.  oppifa,  to 
moor  a  ship);  i.  to  moor  or  anchor 
(a  ship).  2.  -arsi  in  barba  di  gatto, 
mooring  with  one  anchor  ahead  and 
another  astern.  3.  —  la  catena,  to 
clinch  the  cable-chain  ;  —  la  gomena, 
to  bend  the  cable.  4.  -ato,  all  fast. 

Ormeggio  m.;  (mar.)  i.  anchoring 
or  mooring.  2.  hawser. 

Ormesino  w.;  =  Ermisino,  thin  silk. 

Orminiaco  m.  (for  Armeniaco);  a  mordant 
formerly  used  in  gilding. 

Ormino  in. ;  (bot.)  a  species  of  sage,  Stilvia 
horminuw,  also  termed  Gallitrico. 

Ormisfno;  v.  Ormesino. 

Orn-amentale ;  as  E.  Aff.  -amenta/ione, 
-amento,  -are  sf>.,  -atamente,  -ature,  -atrice,  -atura. 
(L.  ornare,  for  **ordinare,  <ordo.) 

Ornatista  m. ;  artist  in  ornament. 

Ornato  tn. ;  ornament,  art  of  designing. 

Ornello,  Orniello  m.  (L.  ornus,  which,  how- 
ever, Is  the  Pynts  aitcuparia) ;  (bot.)  manna-ash, 
i.e.  Cither  Omits  Europaea,  or  Ortms  rotitndifolia. 
*Ornitio  tn.  (L.,  <  Gr.  opviQias ) ;  bird-wind, 
which  blows  in  spring  and  brings  the  migratory 
birds. 

Ornitdgalo  m.  (L.,<Gr.  opptddyoAop);  (bot.) 
star  of  Bethlehem,  Ornithogalum. 

Ornitolog-ia  f.  (Gr.);  ornithology.  Aff. 
-ico,  -o. 

Ornitorinco  m. ;  duck-billed  platypus  of 
Australia,  Ornithorhynchus  paradoxus. 

6rno  m.;  (bot.)  flowering-ash,  Ornus, 
two  species  of  which  are  also  known 
as  Ornello  or  Orniello,  q.v. 

6ro  ;«.  (L.  auruni);  gold.  -  di 
coppella,  24-carat  gold.  —  di  zecchino, 
fine  gold.  -  comune  dei  gioiellieri, 
•imitation  gold  made  of  copper,  zinc 
and  tin.  -  di  Germania,  imitation 
shell-gold,  made  of  brass.  di 

Genova,  gold-leaf.  -  di  Napoli,  a 
base  gold  much  alloyed.  -  in  con- 
chiglia,  shell-gold,  the  finest  gold-dust 
mixed  with  gum,  for  painting.  —  dei 
gatti,  flakes  of  mica.  —  grafico,  tellu- 
ride  of  silver  and  gold,  the  markings  of 

H. 


which  look  something  like  Hebrew 
writing.  -  musivo,  bisulphide  of  tin. 
—  verde,  an  alloy  of  gold  and  silver. 

Phrases:  i.  Bue  d'  —  ,  rich  boor. 
2.  Esser  cent'  ori,  to  be  worth  far  more 
than  ;  Dice  che  quel  libro  e  fatto  male, 
e  sara  ;  ma  e  cent'  ori  a  petto  a  quello 
che  ha  fatto  egli,  he  says  it  is  a  bad 
book,  which  may  be;  but  it  is  infinitely 
better  than  his  own.  3.  Essere  un  —  , 
or,  in  oro  colato,  said  of  a  person  whose 
services  are  much  valued.  4.  Coppa 
d'  —  ,  (person  who  is  a)  real  treasure. 

5.  Aver  la  cresta  d'  —  ,  to  be  privileged. 

6.  Croce  d'  —  in  campo   azzurro,  the 
arms   of  Verona.     7.    Farsi   d'   —  ,  to 
make   a    large   profit    on  some  trans- 
action.  8.  Libro  d'  —  ,  register  of  noble 
families,  esp.  at  Venice.    9.  Metier  a  —  , 
to   gild.     10.    Esser  —   rotto,  said  of 
what  commands  a  ready  sale  owing  to 
its  superior  quality. 

*i.  —  di  meta.  base  gold.  ii.  Ridurla  a  —  ,  to 
come  to  a  conclusion;  A  ridur  la  cosa  a  —  ,  to  say 
truth,  iii.  Pesare  a  —  ,  to  weigh  most  exactly. 
iv.  D'  —  in  —  ,  of  superfine  gold.  v.  Prov.  La 
terra  non  avvilisce  1'  —  ,  i.e.  a  man  of  humble  con- 
dition  may  be  of  sterling  merit. 
t  =  Ora  (B),  sea-shore. 

Orobanche  f.  (Gr.  6poj8dyx*j)  ;  (tot.)  broom- 
rape,  a  parasitical  plant,  Orobancke,  71.  Erba  (72). 

Orobo  in.  (Gr.  6po0os);  (&»/.)=  Moco,  pulse. 
*Orochicco  /«.;  =  Orichicco,  gum  from  a  cherry- 
tree. 

Orograf-ia  f.  (Gr.  opos,  ypa<frw);  description 
of  the  hills  of  a  district.  Aff.  -ico. 

Orolegio  in.  ;  pop.  for  Lauro  regio,  laurel. 

Orol6gio  m.  (L.  horologium  =  Gr. 
wpoXoyi'ov)  ;  i.q.  Oriolo,  watch  or  clock. 

Or6scopo  m.  (Gr.  wpo,  ffKOire'w)  ;  horoscope, 
observation  of  the  positions  of  the  stars  at  the  hour 
of  a  person's  birth  which  was  to  enable  an  astrologer 
to  foretell  his  career. 

tOroscrillo  m.  ;  =  OrpeIIo,  tinsel. 

•Orpellaio  tn.  ;  gilder  of  leather. 

Orpell-o  m.  (It.  oro,  pelle);  tinsel, 
copper  or  brass  beaten  out  thin  to 
resemble  gold-leaf.  Aff.  -amento,  -are 
to  cover  with  tinsel,  -atura. 

Orpime'nto  m.  (L.  auripigmentitin)\  orpiment, 
sulphide  of  arsenic. 
*Orrare  ;  =  Onorare. 

Orrend-o  (L.  norrendits)  ;  terrible,  horrible. 
Aff.  -amente. 

*Orrere;  i.  to  abhor,     ii.  to  be  afraid  of. 

Orrettizi-o  (mlt.  obrcpticius,<\,.  obrepere,  to 
creep  up  to);  (leg.\  obtained  by  fraudulent  suppres- 
sion of  a  fact.  Aff,  .amente. 

*Orr-eyile,  -evole:  —  Onorevole,  honourable. 
Orr(bil-e  (L.);  horrible.     Aff.  -itJi,  -mente. 
6rrid-o;    i.    horrid.      a.    as    s6.,    wilderness. 
Aff.  -amente,  -etto  dim.  sb.t  wild  shrubbery,  -ezza. 
*  Orrire  ;  3rd  sing.  perf.  orrfo,  to  shudder  at. 
Orrbre  m.  (L.  liorror)\  horror.     t=Errore. 

6rs-a  ;  /  of  -o.  —  maggiore,  minore, 
the  constellations  of  the  Great  and 
Little  Bear. 

Ors-acchino,  -acchi6tto,  -atto,  -icello  m.\ 
bear  cub. 

Orsini  ;  the  well-known  revolutionary.  Barba 
all*  —  ,  pointed  beard. 

6rs-0  m.  (L.  ursus);  I.  bear. 
2.  stone  rubber  for  cleaning.  Aff.  -accio 


*i.  Menar  1'  —  a  Modena,  v.  Menare  (31). 
ii.  Pigliare  1'  —  ,  to  get  drunk,  iii.  Andare  a 
veder  oallare  1'  —  ,  i.e.  to  die. 

Ors6i-0  m.  (L.  orsus,  part,  of  ordior, 
to  lay  the  warp);  silk  ready  twisted 
for  laying  the  warp.  Aff.  -are,  to  pre- 
pare such  silk. 

Orsu  adv.  ;  well  then  !  come  ! 


Ortaccio  m.\  pegg.  Orto, 

Ortaggio  m. ;  pot-herbs. 

Ortaglia  /;  i.  market-garden 
ground.  2.  =  Ortaggio. 

•Ortale  «*.;  =  Orto,  kitchen-garden. 

*Ortare  ;  i.  =  Esortare,  to  exhort,    ii.  to  cultivate. 

•Ortefica/;  (med.)  =  Orticaria,  nettle-rash. 

Ort&nse  ;  relating  to  the  garden. 

Ortensia/I;  (bot.)  Hydrangea  hortensis. 
*  Esser  come  —  e  Caterina,  to  quarrel. 

Ortfc-a/i  (L.  urtica,<uro,\.o  burn); 
nettle.  Conosciuto  come  1'  — ,  i.e. 
known  to  be  a  bad  character.  Aff. 
-<iceo,  -aio  nettle-bed,  -aria  nettle-rash, 
-azione  (tned.)  rubbing  with  nettles. 

Orticaccio  m. ;  (<W.)=Luppolo,  hop. 

Orticetlo  in.',  dint.  Orto. 

Ortichcto  w.;  =  Orticaio,  nettle-bed. 

Ort-icino  or  -ino  in. ;  dim.  -o,  smaller  than 
-icello. 

Orticult-6re  >«.;  flower-grower.     Aff.  -ura. 

Ortigometra  /;  =  Re  di  quaglie,  landrail, 
v.  Re  (5). 

Ortiva  f. ;  eastern  amplitude  of  a  star. 

Ortiv-o;  i.  Terra -a,  garden-ground.  2.  (astr.) 
Arco  — ,  the  arc  between  due  East  and  the  point 
where  a  star  rises. 

6rto  m.  (A)  (L.  orlus,  v.  Oriente) ; 
i.  the  East.  "  2.  rising  of  a  star. 

"part,  of  *Orire,  to  rise. 

(B)  (L.  hortus,  cp.  Gr.  ^opror,  Goth. 
gards,  a  house,  root  ghar,  to  enclose, 
v.  Giardino)  ;  kitchen-garden.  Sto 
co'  frati  e  zappo  1'  — ,  i.e.  I  do  like 
other  people ;  it  is  also  said  as  a  reply 
to  a  question  one  does  not  choose  to 
answer.  L'  —  di  Renzo,  a  neglected 
garden,  in  allusion  to  the  hero  of  the 
Promessi  Sposi,  or  fig.  a  muddled 
composition.  —  secco,  herbarium,  col- 
lection of  dried  flowers.  —  di  delizie, 
or  Prato  spirituale,  a  collection  of 
spiritual  consolations. 

Ortoddss-o(Gr.);  orthodox.    Aff.  -amente, 
Ortodromiayl  (Gr.);  (mar.)  great  circle  sailing. 
Ortoepiayl  (Gr.);  right  pronunciation. 
Ortofonia  f.  (Gr.);  i.q.  Ortoepia.        ^-  - 
Ortograf-ia  f.  (Gr.);   correct  spelling.     Aff. 
-icamente,  -ico,  -iziare,  spreg.,  to  be  over  correct. 

Ortolana;/  of  Ortolano  (i). 

Ortolan-O  m. ;  i.  market-gardener; 
Maggio  —  molta  paglia  e  poco  grano, 
when  May  is  a  gardener  (is  wet)  there  is 
much  straw  and  little  grain.  2.  (ornith.) 
—  or —  giallo,  (a)  ortolan,  Emberizahor- 
tolana,  a  species  of  bunting,  (6)  —  Zigolo 
giallo,  yellow-hammer.  3.  -  -  nivale, 
della  neve,  or  di  montagna,  =  Zigolo 
della  neve,  snow-bunting.  4.  -  -  a 
testa  nera,  black-headed  bunting,  v. 
R*-  (7)-  5-  —  d'  acqua,  di  palude  or 
dei  canneti,  =  Migliarino,  reed-bunting. 
6.  as  adj.,  Fava  -a,  garden  bean,  broad 
bean. 

Ortologiay:  (Gr.);  i.g.  Ortoepia. 

Ort6ne  m. ;  augm.  Orto. 

Ortoped-iay:  (Gr.  opffdt,  straight,  irnis,  boy); 
(need.)  art  of  correcting  defective  growth.  Aff. 
•ico. 

•Ortopenso  m.;  =  Orto  pensile,  v.  Pensile. 
•Ortora;  irrtg.f.pl.  of  Orto. 

Ortbtteri  tn.  pi.  (Gr.  opdo?,  irrepoj',  wing); 
orthoptera,  insects  with  wing-cases  which  overlap 
at  the  top  when  shut. 

Orucciay!;  dim.  spreg.  Ora. 


Oruccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Oro. 
*  Orura  f. ;  goldsmith's  work. 


. 

Orvietano  m.\\.  wine  of  Orvieto.    a:  a  panacea 
for  all  diseases  invented  by  a  native  of  Orvieto. 

52 


4IO 

6rza/  ;  (mar.)  i.  weather  halyard, 
rope  holding  the  yard  on  the  weather 
side,  as  opposed  to  the  Poggia,  q.v., 
the  corresponding  rope  to  leeward,  cp. 
Orcipoggia;  —  novella,  =  Orcipoggia, 
extra  halyard;  --  e  fa  portare,  "full 
and  by,"  Fr.  pres  et  plein,  the  position 
of  a  ship  when  she  is  close-hauled 
and  sailing  so  as  neither  to  bear  up 
into  the  wind  nor  to  fall  off  to  leeward. 
2.  the  weather  side  ;  A  — !  keep  her 
close  to  the  wind  ;  Andare  all'  — ,  to 
sail  close  to  the  wind  ;  Orza  !  down 
with  the  helm  !  *Caricar  1'  — ,  to  over- 
fill. 

Etym.  Cogti.  Proven;,  orsa,  Fr.  mint.  Span. 
ana,  prob.  <  **  orcta,  <  L.  area  or  tirccus,  water- 
barrel,  placed  on  the  weather  side  of  a  galley  as 
ballast,  and  so  passing  into  the  meaning  of  weather 
side  and  halyard  on  that  side.  In  support  of  this 
derivation,  which  is  that  preferred  by  KSrting,  it  is 
to  be  observed  that  in  Spanish  the  word  means  a 
jar,  as  well  as  a  halyard,  and  jar  may  have  been 
the  original  sense  in  Italian,  as  perhaps  in  the  phrase 
Caricar  1'  —  given  above.  KOrting  weakens  his 
argument  by  taking  the  word  to  mean  the  port  side 
instead  of  the  weather  side,  port  or  starboard  as  the 
case  may  be. 

Orzaiublo  m.  (It.  orzo,  from  the 
resemblance  to  a  barley  .corn) ;  sty  in 
the  eye. 

Orzare;  i.  to  tighten  the  halyard. 

2.  to   luff,  to  sail   close   to   the   wind. 

3.  to  wrangle. 

Orzata/  (A)  (It.  orzo);  i.  barley- 
water.  2.  fig.  =  Risciacquata,  a  good 
dressing  down. 

(B)  (It.  orzare);  (mar.)  i.  pull,  jerk, 
etc.,  at,  or  by,  the  halyard.  2.  move- 
ment of  a  ship's  bows  nearer  to  the 
wind. 

Orzatina  f.,  dim.  Orzata  (A) ;  weak 
barley-water. 

Orzato  (It.  orzo);  made  of  barley. 

Orzeggiare  ind.  orz^ggio;  i.  to 
manoeuvre  to  get  the  windward  side. 
2.  to  keep  bearing  to  windward. 

*  Orzeruolo  m. ;  ermine. 
*Orzese  m. ;  a  variety  of  vine. 

Orziero ;  (mar.)  gripping,  tending 
to  bear  up  into  the  wind. 

6rzo  m.  (L.  hordeum);  (hot.) 
i.  barley.  2.  --  di  Germania,  pearl 
barley.  3.  —  mondo,  peeled  or  Scotch 
barley.  4.  —  marzuolo,  two-rowed 
barley,  Hordeum  distichum.  5.  (med) 
—  tallito,  a  syrup  for  fattening.  6.  — 
salvatico,  wall  barley,  Hordeum  muri- 
num,  also  termed  Grano  canino,  Spiga 
del  diavolo.  7.  Dar  1'  —  a  uno,  to 
punish  him  as  he  deserves.  8.  —  di 
Galazia,  =  Orzola. 


ORZA— OSTENSIBILE 

Oscitanza  J.  (L.  oscitare,  to  gape, 
<os,  mouth,  citare,  to  move) ;  heedless- 
ness. 

Oscul-at6re;  (math.) osculating.  Aff.  -azione. 
*  Osculo  m.  (L.  osctiluin,  double  dim.  of  os, 
mouth);  kiss. 

Oscur-abile,  -amente,  -amento,  -antismo, 
-antista,  -are,  -azidne,  -etto  dim.,  -ita,  -o;  as 
E.  (Etym.  L.,  root  skeu,  to  cover,  i>.  Skeat,  silt 
Obscure.) 

Osiride/:;  (&>/.)  =  Ginestrella,  poets  cassia. 

Osmano;  Turkish. 

Osmio  m.  (Gr.  6<rjiij,  smell);  (ctiem.)  osmium. 

Osm-6nda,  -unda/.;  (bat.)  Osmunda  rtgalu. 
•Oso;  bold. 

Ospedale  m.  (L.  kafifaB*) ;  hospital.  Mandare 
all'  — ,  to  spoil  (things). 

Ospitale ;  hospitable. 

Ospitalier-e/n.;  i.  in  pi.,  hospitallers,  Knights 
of  Malta.  2.  Nave  -a,  hospital  ship. 

Ospital-ita,  -mente;  v.  -e. 

Ospitare  ind.  6spito  ;  to  entertain. 
Ospite  in.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Host) ; 

1.  host.     2.  guest. 

Ospiziow/.;  hospice,  almshouse. 

Ospodar-o  tn.  (Slavonic  gospodarj,  lord);  hos- 
podar,  a  former  princely  title  in  Moldo-Wallachia. 
Aff.  -ato,  office  of  hospodar. 

Ossaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Osso. 

Ossalico;  {cfttm.)  oxalic ;  the  term  is  from  the 
O.vnlis  acetosella,  Gr.  ofoAi's,  sorrel,  one  of  the  plants 
which  furnish  oxalic  acid. 

•Ossalmo  »;.;  mixture  of  salt  and  vinegar. 

Ossame  m. ;  i.  bones.  2.  (arch.) 
pilasters,  etc.,  supporting  a  structure. 

Ossario  m. ;  collection  of  human 
bones. 

Ossatura/;  i.  bony  framework, 
or  fig.  rocky  structure,  firm  foundation. 

2.  (mar.)    framing  ;    —    d'    arcaccia, 
fashion-timber. 

*Ossecrare(L.);  to  implore. 
•Ossedere,  Ossediare;  to  besiege. 
Osseo;  osseous. 


Orzdla,  -u61a/;  (fc<.)  =  Scandella,  spelt. 
*  Os ;  L'  us  e  1'  os,  Latin  and  Greek. 

Osanna  nt. ;  //.  gli  osanna ;  (Hebrew,  Lord, 
help  me !)  Hosanna.  —  e  crocifige,  the  two  ex- 
tremes. 

Osare  ind.  6so  (L.  audere,  ausus)  ; 
to  dare. 

*Osbergo  m. ;  ~  Usbergo,  hauberk. 

Oscen-o  (L.,  <obst  +cafttu/ft,  filth,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Catmint);  obscene.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Oscill  -  are  (L. ,  prob.  <*'ops-ciUare,  <ob-  prefix, 
v.  Ob-,  +  **  cilfare,  to  move,  root  gel,  to  drive,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  757);  to  oscillate.  Aff.  -atorio, 
-azione. 


Osseijll-io  (L. 

of  st-quor,  to  follow) ;  respect.  AJf.  -ente 
respectful,  -iare  to  treat  with  respect, 
-i6so  reverential,  -iosame'nte. 

Osservant-e;  Minori  -i,  one  of  the  Franciscan 
Orders,  which  claims  to  follow  the  true  Franciscan 
rule. 

Osservanza  f.  ',  i.  observance.  2.  respect. 
3.  the  Order  of  the  Minori  osservanti  or  a  monastery 
of  this  Order. 

Osserv-are  ind.  osservo(L.);  to  observe.  Aff. 
•abile,  -abilme'nte,  -andissimo  a  title  of  honour, 
-antemente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -aturio,  -azion- 
cella,  -azione. 

Ossesso  (L.) ;  obsessed. 

Ossetto  »i.;  i.  dim.  Osso.     2.  (vf/.)  exostosis. 
Ossfa(It.  o,  +  sia,  be  it);  or. 

Ossiacanta  f. ;  (bot.)  thorn,  Crataegus  oxy- 
acftntha. 

Ossianesco;  Ossianic. 
Ossicello  m.\  dim.  Osso. 

Ossic-ino  w.,  with  //.,  if  meaning 
human  bones,  -ina  or  -ine/;  dim.  Osso, 
smaller  than  -ello. 

Ossid-abile,  -are,  -azi6ne ;  r.  Ossido. 

Ossidionale;  Corona  — ,  given  to  a  general 
who  relieved  a  besieged  city. 

•Ossidioney:  (L.  obsidio);  siege. 

Ossido  in.;  oxide. 

Ossifero;  bone-bearing  (cave,  etc.). 

Ossific-are  ind.  ossifico,  -hi;  to  ossify.  Aff. 
-azione. 

Ossifrag-a^,  -o  >«.;=Aquila  di  mare,^psprey. 

Ossigen-are;  to  oxygenate.     Aff.  -azione. 

Ossigeno  nt. ;  oxygen. 

Ossimele  m. ;  oxymel,  honey  and  vinegar. 

Ossino  in.',  dint.  Osso. 

Ossirino  m.;  beagle,  a  species  of  shark,  Ojcy 
rhina. 

Ossitono;  oxytone,  accented  on  the  last  syllable. 

Ossiuro  m.  (Gr.  ofvy,  sharp,  oi-pa,  tail);  thread- 
worm, Oxyuris  vermicolaris. 


Ossivvero ;  pop.  for  Oppure,  01  possibly. 
•Ossizacchera  /.    (Gr.    o£iis,    <ro«x«P°'') ;  = 
Acetosa,  cooling  drink. 

6sso  m.  (L.  os);  pi.  if  in  a  living 
being,  ossa  fern.,  otherwise  ossi  ;  obso- 
lete pi.  *osse  ;  i.  bone  ;  Cotto  sino 
all'  — ,  desperately  in  love  ;  Esserci 
per  1'  — ,  to  expose  oneself  to  great 
risk  ;  Far  1'  —  a,  to  inure  oneself  to  ; 
Non  c'  e  n<£  lisca  nd  — ,  it  is  so, 
it  cannot  be  denied,  lit.  there  is 
neither  fishbone  nor  bone  ;  Parole  che 
arrivano  prima  all'  —  che  alia  pelle, 
words  that  reach  the  bone  before  the 
skin,  a  most  expressive  phrase  for  cruel 
language  ;  Rompersi  1'  —  del  collo,  i.e. 
to  ruin  oneself ;  Sacco  d'  ossa,  very 
thin  beast,  fig.  worthless  article  of  any 
kind.  2.  the  additional  copies  of  a  book 
sent  by  the  printer  to  the  publisher  be- 
yond the  number  stipulated,  viz.  ten 
per  cent.  3.  fruit-stone.  4.  —  buco, 
marrow-bone. 

*i.  Aver  1'  —  nel  bellico,  to  have  no  sense. 
ii.  =  Vinacciolo,  grape-stone.  tiii.  —  conditoio, 
ham-bone  (for  soup),  iv.  =  Ossatura,  framework. 

*Ossocrozio  m.',  oil-skin  bandage. 

*  Ossuario  ;  v.  Ossario. 

Ossuto  ;  strong. 

6sta/  (It.  ostare);  (mar.)  i.  stay. 
2.  the  part  of  the  yard  to  which  a  stay 
is  fastened.  3.  Andare  a  vela  dell'  — , 
to  sail  sideways  to  the  wind.  4.  either 
arm  of  the  peak.  *  =  Ostessa,  hostess. 

Ostaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Oste. 

Ostacolo  m.  (L.  obstacultim) ;  obstacle. 

Ostaggio  m. ;  hostage. 

Etym.  mlt.  hostatkum ;  the  Latin  for  "host- 
age "  is  obses,  <  obsideo,  whence  obsidatus,  status  of 
a  hostage,  a  derivative  of  which,  **  obsidaticum,  was 
contracted  (also  suffering  aspiration,  from  similarity 
to  hostis)  into  hostaticam.  V.  Skeat,  sub  Hostage. 

*  Ostaio  m. ;  =  Oste,  host. 

*  Ostale  nt. ;  =  Ospizio,  hospice. 

Ostare  (L.  obstare) ;  to  impede. 

6ste  m.  (A)  (L.  hospes,  hospitis,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Host) ;  innkeeper.  L'  - 
sull'  uscio,  the  host  on  the  door-step, 
i.e.  when  affairs  are  not  flourishing. 
Negare  il  pasto  all'  — ,  to  deny  a  fault 
the  proof  of  which  is  clear.  -  di 
Pianoro  ;  Come  siete  stati  a  pranzo  ? 
—  di  Pianoro ;  what  sort  of  dinner 
did  you  get?  A  very  poor  one.  . 

*i.  E  pagato  1*  — ,  everyone  is  satisfied,  ii.  Far 
il  gonzo  per  non  pagar  1'  — ,  to  pretend  ignorance  so 
as  to  avoid  trouble,  iii.  Amore  ha  nome  1'  — ,  said  . 
when  an  unsuitable  reply  had  been  made.  iv.  guest 
at  an  inn.  v.  landlord  of  a  farm  ;  Fare  un  abbaglia 
— ,  to  work  hard  for  the  first  few  days  after  taking  a 
farm,  so  as  to  deceive  the  landlord. 
(B) ;  =  Osta. 

•(C)(L.4M*fr);  i.  enemy,  ii.  army.  iii.  camp. 
iv.  war ;  Andare  a  — ,  to  take  the  field ;  Stare  a  — , 
to  be  encamped  ;  Porre  — ,  to  besiege. 

Osteggiare    ind.    ostdggio ;   i.  to 
show  hostility  to.     2.    (mar.)  v.  Osta. 

*i.  to  be  encamped,  ii.  to  wage  war.  iii.  to 
attack. 

*  Ostellaggio  m. ;  i.  lodging,  or  its  cost.    ll.  ware- 
housing,    iii.  Guardiad' — ,  searcher,  r.  Boccaporto. 

*  Ostellano  m. ;  =  Oste,  host. 

•Ostello  m.  (It.  oste);  i.  hostel,  ii.  place  of 
refuge,  iii.  dwelling-place;  Ahi,  serya  Italia,  di 
dolore  — ,  oh  !  Italy,  enslaved,  and  abiding  habita- 
tion for  woe,  D.  Purg.  6.  76. 

•Ostendale  m. ;  banner. 

Ostensibile,    technical    administra- 
tive term  ;  i.  visible.     2.  producible. 

Etym.     L.  osiendtre,  for  obstendere,  <  obs,  v. 
supra,  Ob-,  +  tixJere,  to  stretch. 


OSTENSORE— OVAIA 


411 


Ostensdre  m.  ;  Esser  —  di,  to  pro- 
duce. 

Ostensbrio  m.  ;  (eccl.)  monstrance, 
vessel  for  the  Host. 

Ostent-are  ind.  ostento  (L.);  to  make  a  show 

of.     Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

*Osteocollay;;  the  lime  on  petrified  objects. 
Osteologia  /:  (Gr.);  osteology. 

Osteri-a/  (It.  oste);  inn.  Fermarsi 
alia  prima  —  ,  fig.  to  take  the  first 
thing  that  comes  to  hand.  Stare  sull'  —  , 
to  have  no  home  of  one's  own.  —  di 
Pianoro  ;  Se  vuoi  venire  a  colazione  da 
me  ;  ma  bada  el'  —  di  Pianoro,  come 
to  lunch  with  me  if  you  like,  but  I  warn 
you  it  will  be  but  poor  fare.  Aff.  -accia 
pegg,,  -etta  dim.)  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Osteriggio  m.;  (mar.)  cabin  skylight. 

Oste'ssa  /  ;  hostess. 

Ostetrica  /    (L.    obstetrix,    lit.    assistant,  < 
obstare,  to  stand  near);  =  Levatrice,  midwife. 
Ostetrfc-iayT;  obstetrics.     Aff.  -o. 

6sti-a  /  (A)  (L.  hostia,  victim,  < 
hostire,  to  strike);  i.  sacrificial  victim. 
2.  (eccl.}  consecrated  wafer,  the  Host  ; 
—  -magna,  that  in  the  Ostensorio  ;  Non 
esser  farina  da  far  -e,  said  of  a  person 
the  reverse  of  saintly.  3.  wax  wafer 
for  sealing.  4.  (med.)  wafer  for  wrap- 
ping up  a  nasty  tasting  powder. 

*(B)  (L.  ostium);  mouth  or  mouths  of  a  river. 

Ostiariato  m.  ;  the  lowest  of  the 
four  inferior  orders  of  priesthood  in  the 
Catholic  Church,  that  whose  charge  is 
to  keep  the  doors. 

Ostiario  m.  ;  door-keeper. 

Osticella/;  dim.  Osta. 

OstlCO  (Gr.  a><rriKoy,<a>#fiv,  to  push); 
nasty,  repulsive. 

*Ostiere   m.  ;    i.  =Ostello.     ii.  =  Oste,  host  or 
guest,     iii.    hostile  camp. 

Ostil-e  (^,.t<kostist  enemy,  orig.  stranger,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Host);  hostile.  *as  sb.,  gate.  Aff.  -ita, 
-m6nte. 

Ostin-arsi  ind.  m'  ostino  (L.  ostinare,  to  be 
resolved  upon,  <obt  **  stanarc,  to  cause  to  stand, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Obstinate)  ;  to  persist.  Aff.  -atamente, 
-atello  or  -atetto  dim.,  -atezza  habitual  obstinacy, 
-ato 

Ostinazibn-e  f.  ;  i.  obstinacy.  2.  (mus.)  a 
sort  of  licence  consisting  in  the  prolongation  of  the 
resolution  of  a  chord.  Aff,  -cella  dim. 

Ostino  m.  ;  (mar.)  vang,  a  kind  of  brace  used 
to  steady  a  gaff,  v.  Osta. 

*Osto  w.;  =  Oste,  innkeeper. 

Ostolare  ind.  ostolo  (var.  of  Usto- 
lare)  ;  to  go  round  and  round  watching 
some  object  of  desire,  esp.  something 
to  eat. 

Ostra^;  =  Ostro(B). 

Ostraci6ne  tn.  ;  bone-fish,  Ostracion  nasits. 

Ostracismo  m.  (Gr.);  as  E. 


*Ostrico  (It.  ostro);  purple. 
Ostricone  m.;  augnt.  Ostrica. 

*  Ostro  m.  (A)(L.,<Gr.  oo-Tpeof,  purple  dye); 
i.  purple  colour  or  purple-coloured  stuff,    ii.  —  sena- 
torio,  the  senate. 

(B);  =  Austro,  south  wind. 

Ostrogdto  (Germanic  austa,  austr,  morning 
red,  east,+Goto);  Ostrogoth,  eastern  Goth. 

Ostru-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  obstruere}\ 
to  obstruct.  Aff.  -ttivo,  -zioncella  dim.) 

-zione. 

*Ostupefare  ;  =  Stupefare,  to  stupify. 
'Oatupescere  ;    i.    to  be   stupified.      ii.    of  the 
teeth,  to  be  set  on  edge. 

*Ostupire;  =  Stupire,  to  be  amazed. 
*Osurayi;  =  Usura,  usury. 

Otalgia  f.  (Gr.  oSy,  WTO?,  ear,  oAyos,  pain); 
ear-ache. 

Otarda  /;  (prnitk.')  great  bustard,  Otis  tarda, 
also  termed  Starda. 

Otariay!;  sea-lion,  Phoca  jubata,  or  sea-bear, 
Phoca  urstna. 

6tre  m.  (L.  uter,  wine  or  oil-skin); 
i.  wine-skin  or  oil-skin.  2.  fig.  —  di 
vino,  drunkard.  3.  Empir  1'  — ,  to  fill 
the  belly.  4.  Un  — ,  one  who  eats 
enormously.  5.  --  cogli  occhi,  awk- 
ward person.  6.  In  mythology,  the 
bladder  containing  the  winds. 

*Otriaca/;;  (w«£)=Triaca,  electuary. 

*  Otriare  (mlt.  auctoricare,  cp.  Provenc..  autor- 
gar,   Fr.  octroyer);   to  grant. 

Otricello  m. ;  i.  dim.  Otre.  2.  =Zampogna, 
bagpipe. 

'Otricolo  «.;  =  Otricello. 
*Otro  wr.;  =  Otre. 

*Ottayi;  =  Ora,  hour.  Ad  — ,  in  time.  A  grande 
— ,  in  very  good  time.  A  —  a  — ,  from  time  to 
time.  A  —  e  a  tempo,  at  the  proper  time.  A  pazz' 
— ,  at  an  awkward  time.  A  pazz'  -e,  at  irregular 
intervals.  A  quell'  -e,  then.  A  tutte  1'  -e,  always. 
A  un'  — ,  at  the  same  time.  Fuor  d'  — ,  out  of 
season.  In  poca  d'  — ,  in  a  moment.  Ogni  — , 
every  time.  —  catotta,  from  time  to  time.  —  fu, 
an  hour  ago.  —  per  vicenda,  sometimes. 

Etytn.  Probably  from  L.  quota.  Quotus  meant 
how  many?  Quota  hora  est,  or  simply  Quota  est, 
what  is  the  time?  Quota  becoming  cottn,  cfi.  quo- 
tidie,  cotidie,  was  taken  to  be  c"  otta,  che  otta.  The 
word  may,  however,  be  a  northern  one,  r/.  O.H.G. 
uoftta,  early  morning,  old  Norse  dtta,  the  first  three 
hours  of  the  day. 

Ottacdrdo  m,  (Gr.  oKTa^opfios) ;  octachord, 
musical  instrument  with  eight  strings. 

Otta-edro  m. ;  octahedron,  -gono  m. ;  oc- 
tagon. 

Ottalmia ;  v.  Oftalmia. 

Ottangolo  m.;  i.q.  Ottagono. 
*Ottannatayi;  period  of  eight  years, 

Ottanta  (for  the  suffix  v.  Venti);  eighty. 

Ottante  »/.;  (mar.)  octant,  an  instrument  on 
the  same  principle  as  a  sextant. 

Ottantenne;  eighty  vears  old. 

Ottantina./;  set  of  eighty. 

Ottantino  m.;  nail  weighing  the  eightieth  of  a 
pound. 

6ttapli  f.  pl.\  Le  —  d'  Origine,  Bible  arranged 


tavo  book,     -a  rima,  a  mode  of  versifi- 
cation, v.  Ottava  (2). 

Ottemperare  ind.  ottempero  (L.); 
to  obey,  submit  to  (the  laws). 

Ottenebr-are  ind.  ottenebro  (L.  obtenebrart)  ; 
to  darken.  Aff.  -am6nto,  -azione. 

Otten-ere  ind.  ottengo,  v.  Tenere  (L.)  ;  to 
obtain.  Aff.  -ibile,  -im6nto. 


Ott&nne 
years  old. 


for  eight  years,  or  eight 


in  eight  polyglot  columns. 
Ottarda;  -v,  Otarda. 


Ostraco  m.  (Gr.  oorpaKoi/,  shell,  also 
tile  for  voting)  ;  ballot-box. 

Ostracopeo  (Gr.);  she  11  -form  ing. 
Ostralega   f.  ;  (pmith.)  =Beccaccia  di   mare, 
oyster-catcher. 

Ostreaceo;^Testaceo,  shell  (fish). 
Ostregaro  m.  \  oyster  dredging  apparatus. 
Ostreicolturayi;  oyster-culture. 
dstriay!;  (A?/.)=Carpinella,  hornbeam. 

Ostrica  yi  (L.  ostreay<Gr.  otrrptov); 

1.  oyster.    2.  —  spinosa,  thorny  oyster, 
v.  Spondilo  (2).     3.    --  di  maremma, 
cock's  comb  shell,  Ostrea  crista  galli. 

Ostricaio     m.\      \.    oyster     bed. 

2.  oyster   seller. 

Ostrich-etta,  -ina;  dim.  Ostrica. 


Ottare ;  v.  Optare. 

Ottastilo  (Gr.);  (arch.)  with  eight  columns. 

Ottativo ;  (gram.)  optative. 

Ottato;  Fico— ,  v.  Dottato. 

Ottava  / ;  i.  (eccl.)  octave,  the 
eight  days  preceding  or  following  a 
festival.  2.  (poet.)  a  stanza  of  eight 
lines  of  which  the  first  rhymes  with  the 
third  and  fifth,  the  second  with  the 
fourth  and  sixth,  and  the  last  two  to- 
gether. 3.  (mus.)  octave,  tsatirical 
remark. 

OttavarlO'H. ;  i.  sermons  for  an  Ottava.  2.  (tccl.) 
the  eighth  day  after  a  festival,  i.e.  the  seventh  accord- 
ing to  our  counting. 

Ottav-erella  dim.,  -fna  dim.  vezs.,  -uccia 
dim.  sfng.,  of  Ottava  (2). 

Ottavino  tn. ;  (MUS.)  flute  or  clarionet  an  octave 
higher  than  usual. 

Ottav-o  (L.  octavus);  eighth.    L' — 
dono   dello   Spirito   Santo,  i.e.  that  of 
understanding  nothing.     In  -  ,  an  oc-      seller.     *egg-cup 


OttAnnio  /«.;  period  of  eight  years. 
Ottentbtto;  Hottentot. 
*Ottestare(L.);  to  beseech. 
6ttica./;  optics.    6ttico;  optic. 
Ottim-aminte;  v.  -o. 

Ottimate  m.  ;  personage  of  import- 
ance. 

Ottime  m.  ;  good  mark,  at  school. 

Ottimi-smo  m.\  optimism.     Aff.  -sta. 

Ottimo  (L.  optitnus,  a  superlative  prob.  based 
upon  o/j,  wealth,  v.  sufra,  Opera);  best.  L'  —  ,  as 
sb.,  an  old  commentary  upon  Dante's  Divina  Corn- 
media.  Pigliar  in  —  ,  to  take  at  one's  risk. 

Otto  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Eight);  eight.  Oggi  a 
—  ,  this  day  week.  GH  —  ,  (Jtist.)  the  Florentine 
council  of  eight. 

*  Ottoageno  ;  =  Ottuagenario. 

Ottobrata  /;  October  excursion. 
In  //.,  fairs  formerly  held  at  Rome 
every  Tuesday  in  October. 

Ott6br-e  m.  (L.  October);  Aff.  -ino. 
Ottocento  m.;  L'  —  ,  the  nineteenth  century. 
Ottodecimo;  eighteenth. 
Ottoddnte    m.  ;    a    South    American    animal 
between  a  squirrel  and  a  rat. 

*  Ottoleare  ;  v.  Otriare. 
OttomAna^/C;  ottoman  sofa. 

*Ottomeninge,/;;  (med.)  retina. 

Otton-aio  m.  ;  brass  worker,  -ame 
m.  ;  brass  ware. 

Otton-are  ind.  ott6no;  to  overlay 
with  brass.  Aff.  -atura. 

Ottonario  m.  ;  verse  of  eight 
syllables. 

Ottone  m.  (A)  (It.  lattone,  augm. 
of  Latta,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Latten  ;  the  /  was 
lost  through  its  being  mistaken  for  the 
article);  brass.  In  //.,  brass  musical 
instruments. 

(B)  (L.  optio)\  adjutant  in  the  ancient  Roman 
Legion. 

Ott6nia  ;  (geogr.)  Selva  —  ,  the  Odenwald  in 
Germany. 

fOttoprare  ;  to  move  sheep  in  October  into 
winter  quarters. 

Ottriare  ;  v.  Otriare. 

Ottuagenario  (Ottogenario)  ;  octogenarian. 

Etym.  L.  octogtnariitst  belonging  to  eighty, 
<  L.  octogeni)  eighty  each,  a  distributive  form 
belonging  to  octoginta,  eighty,  v.  Venti. 

Ott-iindere  perf.  -usi  -unde'sti,  part. 
-uso  (L.,<0£,  tundere  to  hit,  root  steu^ 
to  strike,  v.  Tipo)  ;  to  blunt. 

Ottuplicare;  to  multiply  by  eight. 

Ottuplo  (L.  octuplus)\  eight-fold. 

Ottur-are  (L.  obturare)\  i.  to  block 
up.  2.  to  stop  (a  tooth).  ./(^  -ame'nto, 
-atore,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Ottus-o  ;  i.  part,  of  Ottundere. 
2.  obtuse.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -angolo,  -e^to 
dim.)  -ita. 

Ouf!  exclam.  of  disgust. 
tOumbrina;  v.  Ombrina. 


Ovaia  /;  (pop.)  i.  ovary;  Cascar 
1'  — ,  to  lose  courage  ;  the  expression  is 
not  limited  to  the  female  sex.  2.  egg- 


52—2 


412 


OVAIO— PACHINO 


Ovai-O ;  Gennaio  — ,  January  is  a 
great  month  for  eggs.  (Gallina)  -a, 
good  layer  of  eggs.  As  sb.,  egg-seller. 

Ova-i&lo,  -iudlo,  m.  \  egg-cup. 

Ovale  (L. ,<ovum,  egg,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Oval); 
as  E. 

Ovalino  rn. ;  small  oval  window,  or  portrait. 
O vario  m. ;  ovary. 
Ovasmolles;  v.  Ovosmolles. 

*  Ova  to ;  oval. 

Ovatta  /  (Fr.  ouate,  further  etym. 
dub.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wad) ;  cotton  or  silk 
wadding  as  a  lining  to  clothes,  or  dress 
so  lined. 

Ovattare;  to  line,  v.  Ovatta. 

Ovazi6neyC  (L. ,  <ovaret  to  shout  with  joy,  < 
Gr.  eva£w,  to  shout  rvai  at  a  Bacchic  feast);  ovation, 
originally  minor  triumph  in  ancient  Rome. 

6ve  (L.  ubi,  for  quo-bi);  where,  if, 
when,  in  so  far  as.  —  uno  —  un  altro, 
one  here  and  one  there.  Ove  che,  or 
Ovecche,  if  it  should  happen  that. 

*  Oveglia  /.  (L.  avis,  ovicula)  ;  sheep. 
*Overa_/I;  =  Opera,  work.    t=Ovolo. 

*  Overaggio  in.  (Fr.  oavrafe);  work. 
tOverai-a /.,  -o  «.;  =  Ovolaia. 
*Overo:  =  Ovvero. 

•Overturay:;  (mas.)  Preludio,  overture. 

Ovest  m.  (Germ.  West,  probably 
through  Fr.  onest  or  Span,  oeste] ;  west. 

Ovicino  tn. ;  dim.  Ovo,  egg. 
Ovidotto  m. ;  (anat.)  oviduct. 
Ovif6rme ;  egg-shaped. 

Ovile  nt.  (L.);  sheep-fold.  -  di 
San  Giovanni,  Florence,  D.  Par.  16.  25. 

Ovino  (A)  (L.,<0t>M,  sheep;  cogn.  Gr.  ois, 
A.S.  etrwa,  >  Engl.  ewe,  O.H.G.  eiiuit  >  Germ. 


Widder,  ram,  and  similar  forms  in  many  other 
languages ;  all  from  a  primitive  Idg.  outs  repre- 
senting the  root  eiie,  to  put  on,  v.  Esuvianile, 
Veste);  of  sheep,  or  as  sb.,  sheep. 

(B) ;  dim.  Ovo,  egg. 

Oviparo ;  oviparous. 

6vo,  TJ6vo  in.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Oval);  pi.,  Ova  or  Uova  /.,  sometimes 
Ovi  m. ;  egg.  Ova  aflfogate,  poached 
eggs  served  with  brine  and  capers, 
a  here,  soft-boiled.  —  bazzotto,  boiled 
firm.  —  sodo,  hard-boiled.  Ova  im- 
pazzate,  in  pieces,  not  properly  beaten 
up.  Ova  strapazzate,  jumbled.  Pasqua 
d  — ,  Easter.  Volere  1"  —  mondo,  to 
want  the  egg  ready  shelled,  i.e.  to  want 
everything  done  for  one.  Fare  ova  con 
uno,  to  take  him  in,  humbug  him.  Far 
come  le  ova,  che  piii  bollono  e  piu 
assodano,  of  a  pupil  who  cannot  learn. 

Ovogenia/i;  study  of  the  chick's  development. 
Ov6id-e,  -ale;  ovoid. 

Ovolaia  f. ;  nursery-ground  for 
olives,  11.  Ovolo  (3). 

*Ovolatore  tn. ;  workman  who  shaped  the  coins 
in  a  mint. 

6volo,  Ubvolo  in. ;  i.  an  edible 
fungus,  white  outside  and  red  inside, 
and  shaped  like  an  egg,  Agaricus 
caesareus.  2.  bud  or  eye  by  which 
canes  are  propagated.  3.  an  egg-shaped 
outgrowth  at  the  foot  or  on  the  stem  of 
an  olive,  which  may  be  detached  and 
planted  out  as  a  cutting  in  a  nursery. 
4.  (anat.)  socket  of  a  joint.  5.  (arch.} 


moulding,  esp.  in  the  capital  of  a  Doric 
column,  on  which  egg-shaped  orna- 
ments are  sculptured.  6.  a  certain  kind 
of  carpenter's  plane.  7.  swell  at  the 
muzzle  of  a  gun. 

OvologiayC;  study  of  eggs. 

Ov6ne  m.\  augm.  Ovo,  egg. 

Ovosmdlles,    Ovasmdlles    tn. ;    ice-pudding 
made  of  eggs,  sugar  and  milk ;   a  Spanish  word. 
*Ovray^;— Opera,  work. 
*Ovraggio  w.;  =  Overaggio,  work. 
*Ovrer-a_/,  -o  m. ;  worker. 

Ovuccio  tn. ;  dim.  spreg.  Ovo,  egg. 

Ovulo  tn. ;  ovule. 

Ovun<nie ;  wherever. 
Ovve'ro  ;  or  indeed. 
Ovvfa  !  oh  !  come  ! 
Ovviam&lte  ;  obviously. 
Owiare    ind.    ovvio ;    to    obviate. 
*i.  to  meet.     ii.  to  prevent. 
6wio  (L.);  obvious. 

*Ovv-oi,  -uoi,  -ogli  or  -uogli ;  — Ovvero. 
Ozena./  (Gr.  o^otva);  (i»a/.)as  E. 

Ozi-0  tn.  (L.  otium)  •  leisure,  fdle- 
ness.  Aff.  -zcc\opegg.,  -are  or  -eggiare, 

vb. 

Ozi6ne  ;  ?>.  Opzione. 

Ozi6s-0;  unemployed,  useless.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg.,  -aggine  habit  of  loafing, 
-amdnte,  -dtto  dim.,  -ita. 

Ozdn-o  tn.  (Gr.  o£to,  to  smell);  (chftn.)  ozone. 
Aff.  -ico,  -ometria,  -5metro,  -6mico,  -osc&pico. 

*Ozzimo  //;.  (L.  ocimutn) ;  (hot.)  =  Basilico, 
basil. 

•Ozzoldi  ;  =  Otto  soldi. 


P,  pronounced  Pi,  m.  Abbrevia- 
tions: P. R.,  Popolo  Romano.  S.P.Q.R., 
Senatus  Populusque  Romanus.  PI., 
Plebe.  R.P.,  Repubblica.  P.C.,  Padri 
coscritti.  P.M.,  Pontefice  massimo, 
Pubblico  ministero.  P.,  in  Dante,  Pec- 
cato ;  in  music,  piano.  PP.,  pianissimo. 
At  the  end  of  an  inscription,  Pose, 
placed.  PP.,  Padri.  M.R.P.,  Molto 
reverendo  padre.  SS.  PP.,  Santi  Padri ; 
Scuolepie.  P.P.,  I.  Posa piano;  2.  Primo 
piano,  first  floor;  3.  (gram.)  Participio 
passato.  P.c.,  Per  congratulazioni  or 
condoglianze.  P.e.,  Per  esempio.  P.f., 
Prossimo  futuro. 

As  a  number  P  was  400  or  with  a 
bar  over  it  400,000. 

Pa' ;  short  for  Padre,  or  for  Paio. 

Pabbio    m. ;    (bat.)    hair-grass,    Aim    caryo- 
ltaca. 
*Pabulo  in.  (L.);  =  Pascolo,  pasture. 

Paca  m.  (native  Brazilian  term);  spotted  cavy. 

Pacat-o ;  quiet.    Aff.  -amdnte,  -e"zza. 

Pacca/  (prob.  //;«'/.);  slap.  Dare 
le  pacche,y^.  to  win.  Aver  le  pacche, 
to  lose. 

tPaccara,  Pacchera/.;  =  Zacchera. 
t  Paccaruglia  f. ;  =  Poltiglia,  slush. 
Pacchebbto  m.:  (mar.)  packet-boat. 

Pacchfco  m.  (prob.  cogn.  to  It. 
pacchia) ;  blockhead,  fat  fool. 

Pacchett-ino  m.;  sub-dim,  of-o. 

Pacch^tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Pacco. 
2.  (mar.)  packet-boat. 


Pdcchia/  (Pacchio  m.)  (etym.  dub.) ; 
guzzling. 

*Pacchiano;  =  Paccheo,  fat  fool. 

Pacchiare ;  to  guzzle. 

*  Pacchiarinay!;=  Fango,  mud. 

Pacchiar6ne  m. ;  fat-faced  person. 

Pacchi-atdre  m.;  v.  -are. 

Pacchierbtto  m. ;  stout  young  fel- 
low. 

Paccbin-a  / ;  dim.  Pacca,  rap  on 
the  back  of  the  head.  Aff.  -are,  vb. 

*  Pacchio  tn.;  i.  =  Pacchia.     ii.  victuals. 
*Pacchione  tn. ;  guzzler. 
tPacchiuco  w.;=Intruglio,  mess. 
tPacchiuc6n-e  m.,  -a./:;  =  Pasliccione,  pastry- 
cook. 

Pacciame  (Pacciume)  m.  (variant 
of  Pattume) ;  litter  on  the  ground  in 
a  forest. 

Pacciuli,  Pascioli,  Patsciuli  m. 
(Oriental  word,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pat- 
chouli) ;  volatile  oil  from  the  patchouly 
plant,  Pogostemon  patchouly. 

Pacco  m. ;  bundle. 

Etym.  Probably  of  late  L.  origin  ;  <  L.  base 
pac  as  in  pactus,  fart,  of  pangerc,  to  fasten.  The 
same  root  occurs  in  the  northern  languages,  cp.  E. 
pack,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pack. 

tPacc6ne  m. ;  augm.  Pacco. 

Paccotlglia/  (Fr.  pacotille,  dim.  of 
paquet) ;  i.  parcel  tied  up  with  no 
wrapper.  2.  lot  of  second-rate  miscel- 
laneous goods. 


Pace  /  (L.,  the  term  orig.  meant 
agreement,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Peace,  Pact) ; 
i.  peace.  2.  (eccl.)  plate  with  a  sacred 
figure  painted  on  it,  which  is  handed  to 
be  kissed  while  the  Agnus  Dei  is  said. 
3.  Andare,  or  Mandare  con  la  —  di  Dio, 
to  be  dismissed,  or  to  send  away  empty- 
handed.  4.  Con  vostra  buona  — ,  with 
your  leave;  a  phrase  of  politeness 
prefacing  a  contradiction.  5.  Darsi  — , 
to  make  one's  mind  easy.  6.  —  di  Dio, 
truce  of  God,  a  cessation  of  private 
feuds  observed  in  the  eleventh  and 
twelfth  centuries  from  each  Wednesday 
evening  to  Monday  morning  during 
Advent  and  Lent  and  on  certain  other 
holy  days.  7.  Esser  — ,  in  games,  when 
the  players'  scores  are  equal.  8.  Fac- 
ciamo  la  — ,  a  phrase  used  by  a  de- 
feated player,  challenging  another  game. 

9.  Fate  la  —  vostra,  do  what  you  please, 
i.e.  I  don't  care  what  you  do,  I  am  not 
moved  by  what  you  say,  it.  Comodo  (6). 

10.  Menare  il  buon  per  la  — ,  to  put  up 
with  something  for  the  sake  of  peace. 

PaceT-e,  Pacier-e  in.,  -a  /  ;  peace- 
maker. 

Pacfong;  v.  Panfo. 

Pachctta  /. ;  an  old  Bolognese  festival  in 
which  there  were  battles  of  pigs,  accompanied  by 
the  throwing  of  eggs. 

Pachfong;  v.  Pacfong. 

Pachidermi  m. pi.;  pachyderm  animals. 

Pachino;  (geoj'r.)  a  former  name  for  Cape 
Passaro,  the  S.  E.  point  of  Sicily. 


PACIERE— PAGLIA 


Paciere ;  v.  Pacere. 

_  Pacifit-are  ind.  pacifico ;  to  pacify.  AJ?. 
-abile,  -amente,  -ameiuo,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
•azione. 

Pacifico,//.  w.  Pacific!  (L.);  pacific. 

Pacific6n-e  fa.,  -a  f,\  very  quiet  person. 

Paciocc<5n-e  m.,  -a  /.;  easy-going 
person. 

Pacidne  m. ;  peaceable,  easy-going 
person. 

•Pacciozzay:;  dim.  Pace,  reconciliation. 

Paco  m. ;  v.  Alpaca. 

*PactiIe;  ancient  kind  of  boat,  which  could  be 
taken  to  pieces. 

Padell-a/;  I.  frying-pan.  2.  bed- 
pan. 3.  warming-pan.  4.  crucible. 
5.  pan  for  a  lamp  in  public  illumina- 
tions, usu.  Padellina.  6.  (anat.}  knee- 
cap. 7.  Far  -e,  in  game-shooting,  to 
make  misses. 

Etym.  Either  <  L.  patella,  dim.  of  patina, 
the  Gr.  vo.To.vri,  from  the  same  root  as  ireTawufu, 
to  spread  out,  or  <  **  paterella,  dim.  of  L.  patera, 
also  from  the  above-mentioned  root. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  seller  'of  padelle,  -ata 
contents  of,  or  blow  with  a  padella,  -etta  dim. 

Padellina  /;  i.  dim,  Padella. 
2.  candle-ring,  bobeche.  3.  pan  for  a 
small  candle  for  public  illuminations. 

Padell-ino  dim.,  -6ne,  -6na,  -6tto  augms.; 
v.  Padella. 

Padiglion-cello,  -cino  ;«.;  dim.  of -e. 

Padiglidne  m. ;  i.  pavilion,  tent ;  - 
maestro,  general's  tent.  2.  hangings 
for  a  church  festival.  3.  the  external 
ear.  4.  facet  of  a  diamond.  5.  =  Bal- 
dacchino,  canopy.  6.  (mar.)  standing 
rigging-  *a  coin.  +  Gallicism  for 
Bandiera,  flag. 


I 
__  M  ____  ______  ____  __  o  ______  ^  ^       ___  a  ______  ^  __J(j 

due  to  the  attraction  of  words  from  the  stem  fat,  to 
lie  open. 

*  Padire  ;  =  Patire,  to  digest. 

Padovana  /  (It.  Padova,  Padua);  a  certain 
dance,  or  the  music  therefor. 

tPadovanell-ay:;  i.    Far  le  -e,  to  beat  about 
the  bush.     ii.    a  kind  of  carriage. 

Padovanismo  tn.  ;-  Paduan  mode  of  speech. 

Padre  m.  (L.  pater,  prob.  <  the 
childish  syllable/^,  with  suffix,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Paternal)  ;  i.  father.  2.  friar. 

Padreggiare  ind.  padreggio  ;  to 
resemble  the  father. 

Padrigno;  v.  Patrigno. 

Padrino  m.  ;  I.  dim.  Padre  (2). 
2.  godfather.  3.  second  in  a  duel. 

*  Padrocinio;  v.  Patrocinio. 

Padr6na/;  i.  mistress.  2.  land- 
lady. 

*  l.   "'. 


.     .   Padrone, 
Padron-accio 


cartridge-case, 
£-.,  -ale;  v.  Padrone. 


Padronanza  /  ;  i  .  ownership.  2. 
mastery.  3.  domineering  airs. 

Padronato  m.  ;  i.  ownership.  2. 
estate,  large  property.  3.  Carrozza  di 
—  ,  private  carriage. 

*  i.    feudal    patronage,    protection,      ii.  =  Patro- 
nanza.    iii.  («*/.)  =Patronato,  patronage. 

Padron-cino  dim.,  -ci6ne  augm.-,  v.  Padrone. 

Padrdne  m.  (L.  patronus,  Iii.  one 
who  takes  the  place  of  a  father,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Patron);  i.  master.  2.  owner. 

3.  Esser  a  —  ,  to  work  for  a  master. 

4.  -   mio,   a    phrase    used    like    the 
German  Bitte  in  a  reply  to  a  Thank 


you,  which  in  English  would  be  final. 
5.  (iron.)  corresp.  to  the  E.  All  right  ; 
Non  mi  vuol  pagare?  Padrone!  Lo  citero, 
won't  he  pay?  all  right,  then,  I  shall 
summons  him.  6.  (mar.)  skipper. 

*i.  In  1300  the  word  meant  vice-admiral,  second 
in  command  of  a  fleet,  and  his  ship  was  termed 
Padrona.  In  1400  it  meant  the  captain  of  any 
galley  of  the  fleet,  the  term  Capitano  then  indicating 
the  admiral.  In  1500  it  was  the  second  in  com- 
mand of  each  ship.  In  1600  it  denoted  the  purser. 
ii.  patron  ;  —  di  cause,  advocate,  lawyer. 

Padron-eggiare  ind.  padrondggio  ; 
to  rule,  -ella  dim.  spreg.,  -esco  adj.,  v. 
Padrone. 

Padulano  (It.  padule);  pale-fea- 
tured. 

Padule  m.  (L.  paludem);  swamp. 

PaduUtt-a/,  -o  m.;  dim.  Padule. 
Paduligno  ;  swampy. 

Padulinay:;  (tot.)  a  species  of  sedge,  Cypems 
olh'aris. 

t  Paella  /.;  (»tar.'>=  Mettistoppa,  reeming  iron. 
Paesaccio  IK.;  pegg.  Paese. 


m.    (It.    paese);    land- 
2. =  Compae- 


Paesaggio 

scape. 

Paesano  ;    i.  native. 
sano,  countryman. 

Paesante  m.  ;  =  Paesista,  landscape- 
painter. 

*  Paesare  ;  to  live  in  the  open  country. 

Pa6s-e  m.  (L.  pagensis,  <  pagus, 
village);  i.  country;  II  bel  —  ,  Italy. 
2.  district,  region,  part  of  the  country  ; 
Piovere  a  -i,  to  rain  locally.  3.  village  ; 
formerly  a  fortified  village  was  generally 
understood.  4.  landscape,  or  landscape 
painting.  5.  piece  of  ground,  generally. 
6.  -i  bassi,  the  Low  Countries;  also  as 
euph.  for  the  private  parts.  7.  Mandare 
in  cruel  —  ,  to  tell  (him)  to  go  to  the 
devil.  8.  Proverbs  :  Fra  cent'  anni  e 
cento  mesi  torna  1'  acqua  a'  su'  -i,  take 
a  hundred  years  or  a  hundred  months, 
rain  falls  over  the  country,  i.e.  the 
world  does  not  vary,  -i  che  vai,  usanza 
che  trovi,  i.e.  when  at  Rome  do  as 
Rome  does.  Donne  e  buoi  de'  -i  suoi, 
(provide  yourself)  with  wife  and  cattle 
from  your  own  neighbourhood.  Aff. 
-ello  dim.,  -ettino  sub-dim.,  -e^to  dim. 

Paesiiio  m.;  i.  dim.  Paese.  2. 
Florentine  marble. 

Paesista  m.  ;  landscape-painter. 

Paes-dne  augm.,  -bttoaugm.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg.,  -ucolo  poverty-stricken 
place  ;  v.  Paese. 

Paf!  Paffe!  the  sound  of  a  slap. 
*Paffai/!;  i.  —  Pappa,  food.     ii.  fig.  a  good  time, 
luxurious  living,     iii.  piece  of  good  luck. 

Paffete  1  imitative  of  a  child  tumbling  down. 

Paffut-o  (prob.  by  dissimilation  from 
It.  pappa,  cp.  Venetian  and  Veronese 
papoto,  plump,  and  papota,  plump 
cheek)  ;  plump.  Star  —  ,  to  live  at  one's 
ease.  Aff.  -ello,  -ezza,  -dne  augm. 

Pafo  m.;  (geogr.)  Paphos. 

Pag-a/  (It.  pagare);  I.  pay,  salary. 
Avere  or  Essere  a  tutta  —  ,  of  a  person 
in  temporary  service,  to  have  all  found, 
to  be  free  of  expense  ;  Aver,  or  Dare  le 
-he,  to  receive,  or,  give  a  good  beating. 
Assicurarsi  la  —  ,  to  make  sure  of  one's 
pay,  i.e.  go  to  prison.  Rincarjr  la  —  , 


iron.,  the  same  as  Rincarare  il  fitto,  v. 
Rincarare  (3).  2.  as  m. ;  payer,  v.  Pa- 
gare. 

*i.  Mala  — ,  punishment,     ii.  mercenary  soldier. 
iii.  —  inorta,  sinecurist. 

Aff.  -abile,  -accia pegg. 

Pagaiay:  (Carib  word,  cf.  Fr.  pagaie);  =  Ya.\x, 
paddle. 

Pagamento  m. ;  payment. 

Paganamente  ;  in  pagan  fashion. 

Paganeggiare  ind.  paganeggio;  to  write  like 
a  pagan. 

tPaganello  m.  ;  =  Ghiozzo,  goby. 

Pag4n-o  (L.);  pagan.  Aff.  -esco  spreg., 
-e'simo,  -izzare. 

Pagare  (L.  pacare,<pax);  to  pay. 
Dio  non  paga  il  sabato,  God  does  not 
pay  every  Saturday,  i.e.  the  judgments 
of  heaven,  though  they  may  be  delayed, 
are  sure.  Una  ne  paga  cento,  one 
punishment  will  chastise  a  hundred 
sins.  Essere  il  paga,  to  be  the  one  who 
pays. 

Pagaria  /  =  Mallevadoria,  guaran- 
tee. 

Pagaro ;  v .  Pagro. 

Paga-t6re  m.  -tora/ ;  paymaster. 
Pagatorello  m. ;  bad  payer. 

t  Pagau  m. ',  v.  Pagello  (3). 

Pagella/  (L.,  dim.  pagina) ;  school 
certificate. 

Pagello  m.  (dim.<L.  fagnu,<Gr.  cf>aypt>s); 

1.  —  rosso,  red  sea-bream,  Pagellus  centrodontus, 
locally  termed  Besugo.     2.    —  fragolino,  little  red 
sea-bream,  Pagellus  erythrinus,  locally  termed  Al- 
boro,   Arbro,    Fragolino,    Fraiu,    Lamaru,    Lutrina, 
Luvaro,  Mafrone,  Marmoro,  Mormora,  Occhialone, 
Pagau,  Pagello  fragolino,  Pagellu,  Pageu,  Propa- 
gnanu,  Ribon,  Veax.    3.  —  mormora,  mormyrus, 
Pagellus  mormyrus,  locally  termed  Aiula,  Mormo, 
Mormoro. 

Pagellu,  Pageu ;  v.  Pagello  (a). 

Paggerfa  /.;    i.   spree,  number  of  page-boys. 

2.  status  of  a  page. 

Paggetto  m. ;  dim.  Paggio. 

tPaggino;  A  — ,  with  a  south  aspect. 

Paggio  m.  (mlt.  pagius,  which  is 
prob.<.**padius,<Gt.  naiSiov,  boy,  the 
word  having  been  introduced  from  By- 
zantium ;  Littr^  derives  it  from  Provenc. 
pages,  villager, <L. pagus);  page-boy. 

* Pagheria /.;=  Mallevadoria,  guarantee. 

Pagherb  m.  (fut.  of  Pagare);  i. 
lottery  ticket.  2.  promissory  note, 
I.O.U. ;  —  all'  estero, foreign  note;  —  a 
vista,  note  on  demand. 

Paghetta  / ;  dim.  Paga. 

Pagin-a  /. ;  page  of  a  book.  Aff. 
-atura  paging,  -e^ta  -ina  -uccia  -uzza 
dims. 

Elym.  L.,  orig.  a  leaf,  and  named  from  the 
fastening  together  of  strips  of  papyrus  to  form  a 
leaf;  the  root  is  fag,  to  fasten,  cp.  L.  fangtre, 
pactum. 

Paglia  /  (A)  (L.  palea,  chaff  or 
straw);  straw;  L'  arte  della  — ,  straw-hat 
making ;  Signore  colla  —  nelle  scarpe, 
(a)  one  without  any  money,  (6)  one  who 
shows  that  he  was  not  brought  up  as 
a  gentleman ;  Aver  la  coda  di  — ,  to 
be  always  suspecting  something,  a 
shortened  form  of  the  proverb  Chi  ha 
la  coda  di  —  ha  paura  che  gli  pigli 
fuoco ;  Filo  di  — ,  a  single  straw ; 
Aver  —  in  becco,  to  have  a  straw  in 
one's  beak,  i.e.  a  secret  promise  of 
success,  referring  to  Noah's  dove; 


414 


PAGLIACCESCO— PALANCATO 


Segare  a  mezza  — ,  to  reap  leaving  a 
high  stubble  ;  Metter  nella  — ,  to  lay 
out  (fruit)  to  mature ;  Col  tempo  e 
colla  —  si  maturano  le  sorbe,  i.e.  all 
things  get  perfected  in  time  ;  Batter  la 
— ,  to  speak  very  discursively. 

(B)  (perhaps  <  L.  palus,  **paleus,  v. 
Palo)  ;  (mar.)  —  di  una  bitta,  bitt-bolt. 

Pagliacc-6sco  adj.,  -6tto  dim. ;  v. 
Pagliaccio. 

Pagliaccia  /  ;  pegg.  Paglia. 

Pagliacciata  / ;  i.  (theat.)  trivial 
play.  2.  trivial  act,  v.  Pagliaccio  (3). 

Pagliaccio  m. ;  i .  chopped  straw. 
2.  straw  pallet.  3.  clown,  buffoon. 
4.  Bruciar  — ,  to  fail  to  keep  an  ap- 
pointment. 

Pagliaccidne  m. ;  augtn.  Pagliaccio 

(3)- 

Pagliaio  m. ;  stack  of  straw.  Can 
da  — ,  watch-dog,  or  dog  of  no  value, 
one  which  will  bark  but  not  bite. 

Pagliaiblo  m. ;  dealer  in  straw,  esp. 
that  for  straw  hats. 

*i.  stable-keeper,     ii.  stable,     iii.  peasant. 
Paglianculo  m.  ;  =  Codibugnolo,  tit. 

*  Pagliano    »l. ;    a  medicine  (from  the  maker's 
name). 

tPagliara  /;=  Pagliaio. 

*  Pagliardo  (Fr.  paillard)  ;  lascivious. 
Pagliaresca/!;  =  Zigolo  giallo,  yellow-hammer. 

*  Pagliaresco  ;  made  of  straw. 

Pagliari ;  Acqua  — ,  a  styptic  preparation. 
Pagliariccio ;  v.  Pagliericcio. 
Pagliardlo    m.  ;    (ortiitk.)    aquatic    warbler, 
Acrocephalus  aquaticus. 

Pagliata  f. ;  chopped  straw. 
PagliatO ;  straw-coloured. 
Pagliccio  m. ;  straw  chopped  fine. 

tPaglie  m.\—  Padre,  father. 
Paglierecciay:;  yellow-hammer,  v.  Zigolo  (5). 

Pagliericcio  m. ;  cabin  of  straw. 

Pagliericcio  /«. ;  i .  sack  full  of 
straw.  2.  chopped  straw.  3.  straw  bed. 

Paglierlno;  pale,  straw-coloured. 

Paglier61o  m.  ;  —  rugginoso,  African  night- 
ingale. 

Paglietana  f. ;  eel  found  in  reed  beds,  silver 
eel. 

Pagli^to  m. ;  reed  bed. 

Paglie'tta/;  i.  dim.  Paglia,  poor 
straw.  2.  (chem.)  small  shining  crystal, 
sparkle.  3.  (masculine]  =  Cavalocchio 
napoletano,  a  kind  of  dragon-fly.  4.  a 
kind  of  peasant  woman's  straw  hat. 

Pagli6tto  in.;  i.  (mar.)  mat  for 
protecting  rigging  liable  to  be  chafed, 
or  for  stopping  a  leak,  as  a  collision 
mat,  etc. ;  —  di  cocco,  coir  mat.  2.  = 
Paglino. 

Pagliettone  m.  ;  =  Loglierella,  heath-grass. 

Paglino  m. ;  seat  of  a  rush-bottomed 
chair. 

tPaglio  nt.  ;=Paio,  pair. 

Paglidla/  (dim.  Paglia) ;  bit  of  straw. 

*  Pagliolaia  f.  (L.  palctiria,  pi.  of  paletir,  dew- 
lap,  altered  by  the  attraction  of  Paglia)  ;  dewlap. 

Pagliolata/l ;  (mar.)  the  provisions 
in  a  store-room,  v.  Pagliuolo  (A). 

Pagliolato  m. ;  boarding,  v.  Pag- 
liuolo (A). 


Pagliole'ttO  m. ;  dim.  Pagliuolo. 

Paglioliere  m. ;  (mar.)  provision- 
master. 

Pagliollna/  (dim.  Pagliola) ;  speck. 

Pagliblo;  v.  Pagliuolo. 

Paglidne  m. ;  coarsely  chopped 
straw ;  sack  or  bed  of  rough  straw. 

Paglidso;  i.  of  a  crop,  with  excess 
of  straw.  2.  fig.  faulty. 

Pagliuca/;  (war.)  =  Caviglia  delle 
bitte,  bitt-bolt. 

Pagliticola  /  ;  tiny  bit  of  straw. 
Pagliume  m. ;  heap  of  chaff. 
Pagliubla  /  ;=  Pagliucola. 

Pagliublo  m.  (A)  (perhaps  a  dim. 
based  upon  L.  palus,  stake,  prop,  v. 
Palo);  (mar.)  i.  bottom  boards  of  a 
boat  or  of  a  ship's  hold,  to  keep  the 
bilge-water  away  from  the  cargo,  dun- 
nage ;  Stuoia  da  — ,  dunnage  mat, 
serving  the  same  purpose.  2.  shelves 
in  a  ship's  hold  for  stores.  3.  store- 
room. 4.  —  del  chirurgo,  cock-pit. 
5.  —  di  prora,  cuddy. 

*(B)  (dim.  of  Paglia);  chaff. 

Pagliuzza/;  i.  =  Pagliucola,  bit  of 
straw.  2.  —  d'  oro,  speck  of  gold  in 
quartz,  etc.  3.  in  //.,  foreign  matters 
in  wool. 

Pagn6tt-a/  (for  Paniotta,  dim.  of 
It.  pane);  i.  small  loaf.  2.  fig.  spreg. 
wages,  salary.  Aff.  -ella,  -fna  dims. 

Pagnottista  m.;  hireling,  time- 
server. 

Pago  (It.  pagare);  I.  contented. 
2.  A  — ,  on  payment. 

*As  s b. '.  i.  district,  from  L.  pagus.  ii.— Paga, 
pay.  iii.  Non  aver  — ,  to  be  priceless,  iv.  Non 
aver  —  con  uno,  to  be  unable  to  recompense  him. 
v.  fig.  contentment,  vi.  sufficiency. 

Pagdda  f.  (Portuguese  word,  <  Persian  but- 
kadah,  idol-habitation);  Indian  temple. 

Pagddo  »/. ;  i.  =  Pagoda.     2.  the  idol  therein. 

Pagbfila  f.  ;  (ornil/t.)  Spitzbergen  gull,  Pago- 
pkila  ebttrnea. 

*  Pagolino  m.\—  Paolino,  plover. 

*  Pagone  m.  ;=Pavone,  peacock. 

Pagro,  Pagaro,  Parago  m.  (L.);  i.  gilt-head 
fish,  Pagrus,  locally  termed  Sparo  d'  Istria,  Pauru. 
2.  =  Paguro. 

*  Pagura  /. ;  =  Paura,  fear. 

Paguro  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  hermit-crab,  Pagnrits 
bemardits,  locally  termed  Pagro,  Pavero,  Pamingo, 
Buti  col  granzo. 

Pah  !  interjection. 

Pai-accio  pegg.,  -ttta  dim.;  v.  Paio. 

*  PainayI;=Pania,  bird-lime. 
tPainellay:;  =  Paniuzzo,  limed  twig. 

Paino  m. ;  fop. 

Paio  (Paro)  m.,  pi.  paia  /  (L.  par) ; 
pair.  Un  altro  paio,  or  par,  di  maniche, 
another  pair  of  shoes,  lit.  sleeves.  Un 
—  e  una  coppia,  spreg.  a  pair  of  them, 
i.e.  of  rogues. 

Paiola  f.\  i.  yoke  rope  for  oxen. 
2.  a  part  of  the  yoke  itself.  3.  a  certain 
number  of  threads  of  the  warp. 

Paiolata  / ;  potful. 
Paiol-frtto  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 
Paiolina  / ;  glue-pot. 
Paiolino  m.  \  i.  dim.  Paiolo.    2.  pot- 
hat. 

Paiblo,  Paiuolo  m.  (A)  (bit.  **pa- 
riolum,  <  a  Celtic  word  per,  seen  in 


Cornish  per,  Welsh  pair,  basin  ;  cp.  Pro- 
vea$.  patrol,  old  Yv.peirol,  Span,  perol)  ; 
iron  or  copper  pot. 

(B)  i.  (mar.)  =  Pagliuolo  (A). 
2.  (mil.)  platform  for  artillery. 

Paioldne  m.  ;  augm.  Paiolo. 

•Paisanetto  m.\  (hist.)  a  Genoese  "mask,"  v. 
Maschera. 

Paiu61o;  v.  Paiolo. 

Pala  /  (A)    (L.  paid);     I.    shovel. 

2.  blade  of  an  oar,  or  of  a  water-wheel, 
screw,  etc.  ;     Elica   con   pale   a   passo 
variabile,    screw   with    variable    pitch. 

3.  (paint.)  =  Anconn,  altar-piece. 

*(B)(L.  palam)'.  Far  —  ,  to  make  manifest. 

Palaccio  m.  ;  i.  ffgg.  Palo.  2.  in  glass-works, 
stirring.pole. 

•Palacucchino  >«.;  =  Pelacucchino,  trifle. 

Paladina  f.\  i.  v.  Paladino  (i).  2.  v.  Pa- 
Litina  (i). 

Paladinesco;  v.  Paladino. 

Paladino  m.  (A)  (L.  pala/inus); 
i.  lord  of  the  palace  at  the  court  of  Char- 
lemagne. 2.  knight-errant,  champion. 

(B)  scherz.  knight  of  the  shovel, 
Pala,  i.e.  street  sweeper. 

Palafltta/  (for  Palificata)  ;  embank- 
ment of  piles. 

Palafltt-are;  to  strengthen  with 
piles.  Aff.  -ata. 

Palafltticolo  m.  ;  ancient  Swiss  lake-dweller. 

Palafren-iere  ;«.;  royal  groom,  T.  -o. 
Palafre"no  m.  ;  palfrey. 

Etym.  A  back  formation  <  Palafreniere,  <  Fr. 
palefrenier,  groom,  <palefroi,  <  mlt.  paraveredus, 
extra  posthorse,  where  vcredus  is  for  **vo>'edus,  < 
Celtic  7/0,  under,  reida,  a  carriage,  cp.  Welsh  gor- 
tifydd,  a  horse.  Rcida  is  cognate  to  E.  ride  ;  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Palfrey. 

Palagio  >«.;=  Palazzo,  palace. 

Palaia  /  (It.  paio);  i.  heap  of 
vine-stakes.  2.  =  Palina,  copse  of  chest- 
nut underwood.  3.  a  species  of  grass- 
hopper which  lays  its  eggs  in  holes 
which  it  bores  in  stakes.  4.  at  Naples, 
sole  (fish),  v.  Sogliola.  5.  Peggio  —  , 
or  iron.  Meglio  —  ,  a  phrase  used  when 
someone,  after  putting  his  foot  in  it, 
says  something  still  worse  in  trying  to 
get  out  of  it.  There  is  a  place  named 
Palaia  between  Florence  and  Pisa  which 
may  have  in  some  way  originated  the 
phrase. 

Palai6Io  ;;/.;  vendor  of  stakes.     *(«//.)  sapper. 

Palamedea  f.  ;  a  genus  of  South  American 
cranes. 

Palaminto  m.  ;  i.  the  oars  of  a  boat,  col- 
lectively. 2.  v.  Palare. 

Palam-ia.  -ida,  or  -ita  f.  (Gr.  miAo^us)  ; 
bonito  (fish),  Scomber  palamitus,  locally  termed 
Paamia,  Bounicou. 

Palamidone  m.  ;  i.  stupid  fellow,  ass.  2.  long 
overcoat. 

Palamine  f.  pi.  ;  lining  pieces  of  iron  in  holes 
bored  for  blasting. 

Palamita  ;  v.  Palamia. 

Palamite  f.  ;  in  sea-fishing,  cross-line  to  which 
short  lines  with  hooks  are  attached  at  intervals, 
"  paternoster." 

Palanca  f.\  i.  pole  or  post,  split 
lengthways  for  fencing.  2.  a  ijoldo, 
halfpenny. 

Etynt.  In  sense  (i)  <  L.  palartga,  carrying- 
pole,  <  Gr.  $aAav£,  roller  for  moving  heavy  weights  ; 


,  .  , 

in  sense  (2)  prob.  <  late  L.  plnnca,  slab,  the  coin 
being  so  named  on  account  of  its  flatness,  cp.  Skeat, 
sub  Plank. 


Palancare;  i.  v.  Palanco.  2.  v. 
Palanca  (i). 

Palancato  m.  =  Impalancato,  stock- 
ade. 


PALANCHINA— PALLA 


Palanchfna  / ;  dim.  vezz.  Palanca, 
halfpenny. 

Palanchinetto;  v.  Paranchinetto. 

Palanchino  m.  (Portuguese  fialan- 
?«zw,<Hindostani  palang,  bed);  i. 
palanquin.  2.  pinch-bar,  goat's  foot 
crowbar,  otherwise  Pie"  di  porco. 

Palanco  m. ;  (A)=  Paranco,  tackle. 
(B)    (var.   of    Palanca);    roller    for 
moving  heavy  weights. 

Palancola  /.  ;  dim.  Palanca,  plank 
bridge. 

Palancdna  f.  \  augm.  vezz.  Palanca, 
halfpenny. 

Palancdne  m. ;  a  double  Palanca, 
penny. 

Palancrise  m.;  a  vessel  like  a  Manaide  but 
much  larger. 

Palandra  /;  i.  vessel  for  bom- 
barding the  enemy's  coasts.  2.  lateen- 
rigged  river  or  coasting-vessel.  3.  large 
loose  coat,  or  man  wearing  it,  v.  Palan- 
drana. 

Etym.dub.  In  the  marine  senses  prob.<  Dutch 
tinnen-lander,  river-vessel,  or  Hilander,  coasting- 
vessel.  In  sense  (3)  it  may  mean  the  coat  worn  by 
sailors  on  the  Palandre,  but  may  have  a  quite 
different  origin,  viz.  from  O.H.G.  luallandaert, 
wanderer,  so  that  the  original  meaning  would  be 
traveller's  coat. 

Palandran-a(I'allandrana)/,-o  m.; 
long  loose  coat. 

•Palandrea/;  ».  Palandra  (0  and  (2). 

Palandr-etta  or  -fna ;  dim.  iron,  scherz 
Palandra  (3). 

Palandrone  m.;  aufm.  Palandra  (3). 

Palanfra./;  i.  butcher's  term  for  the  diaphragm 
2.  quasi-Jig.  fat  uncouth  person. 

Palanfr6na/;  augm.  Palanfra  (2). 
•Palangay:;  ».  Palanco  (B). 

Palangrese  m.;  ground  line,  a  cord  stretched 
along  the  shore  to  which  floating  lines  furnished 
with  fish-hooks  are  attached. 

Palante  (L.  palari,  to  wander) ;  wandering. 

Palare  (It.  palo);  to  prop  (a  plant). 

*  i.  =  Palafittare.     ii.  to  shovel  «  Pala). 

Palascio  m.  (Russian  word):  lone  cavalrv 
sword. 

tPalastra  /.;   port-wine  stain,  naevus,    on  the 
face. 

Palata  /;  i.  shovelful.  2.  blow 
with  a  shovel.  3.  stroke  with  an  oar. 

*i.  =  Palafittata.    "•  making  all  the  oars  of  a  boat 
strike  the  water  together. 

Palat-aleor-ile;  palatal. 

Palatfna/;  I.  -  or  Paladma,  fur 
tippet.  2.  (vet.}  lampas  in  a  horse's 
mouth. 

Palatfn-O  (L.,<palatium,  palace); 
palatine,  orig.  meaning  officers  of  the 
royal  household.  Conte  — ,  feudal  lord 
with  supreme  judicial  authority  over  a 
province.  Guardie  -e,  the  pontifical 
guards  at  the  Vatican.  Biblioteca  -a, 
private  library  of  the  old  princely  house 

Florence,  or  that  of  the  Pope  at 
Rome.  As  sb.,  Hungarian  viceroy. 

Palatow.  (L.);  palate. 

Palatura/;  v.  Palare. 

Palazzaccio  m.;  fegg.  Palazzo. 
tPalazzata/.;  exaggeration. 

Palazzitto  m.;  Mm.  Palazzo. 

Palazzina/;  suburban  house  with  a  garden 

Palazzino  ,„.;  dim.  Palazzo. 

Palazz-o  m.  (I.,  palatium);  i.  palatial  house. 
'•    %,'•>.  ~  "'   'ePrc>    W'W   asparagus,    Asparagus 
atuti/olius.     Aff.  .one  nugm.,  -otto  aurm.  but  less 
than  -one,  -uccio  dim.  tpreg. 
tPalbit  m.;  (mar.)  pawl-bitt. 

Palcaccio  m.;  peg/..  Palco. 


Pal 


Palcato ;    provided  with   a   scaffold,   etc.,   v. 

-CO. 

Palchettfno  m. ;  Jim.  Palchetto. 

Palche'tto m.;  i.  dim.  Palco.   2.  box 
at  a  theatre.     3.  shelf. 

Palchettdne  m. ;  augm.  Palchetto 
Palchista  m. ;  (theat.)  box-holder. 

*  Palchistuolo  m. ;  rough  wooden  protection. 

Palco  m.  (O.H.G.  balcho,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Balk);  i.  the  frame  of  a  ceiling; 
-  regolato,  where  the  ceiling  is  of 
simple  boards  ;  —  stoiato,  ceiling  where 
the  plaster  is  spread  upon  a  layer  of 
reeds,  v.  Bossola  and  Stoia.  2.  - 
morto,  lumber-room.  3.  floor  or  stage 
for  hay,  fruit,  etc. ;  tier.  4.  (theat.}  i.q. 
Palchetto,  box.  5.  --  scenico,  stage. 
6.  stand  for  spectators  of  a  street  pro- 
cession, etc.  7.  scaffold  for  an  execu- 
tion. 8.  (hist.}  tier  in  a  galley  for  the 
slaves.  9.  (mar.)  bridge.  10.  wooden 
part  of  a  pair  of  bellows,  n.  tier  of 
branches  in  trees,  such  as  spruce  firs, 
which  have  a  regularity  in  growth  ;  the 
term  is  also  used  of  other  things  ar- 
ranged in  tiers,  such  as  lace  on  a  silk 
dress.  12.  in  pi.,  antlers  of  a  stag's 
horns. 

Palcoscenico  ;  v.  Palco  (5). 

Palcutp  ;  with  antlers,  v.  Palco  (12). 
'Paleggiare  (It.  pala);  i.  to  toss  grain  with  a 
shovel  in  order  to  free  it  from  dust.     ii.  to  discharge 
cargo  with  a  shovel,  e.g.  sand  or  grain,     iii.   to  pro- 
vide plants  with  stakes. 

Paleino  m.;  i.q.  Paleo  odoroso,  v.  Paleo  (B,  4). 

Palella;  v.  Parella. 

Palemine  m. ;  prawn,  Aslacus  serratta. 

Paleo  m.  (A)  (prob.  based  upon  the 
stem  of  L.  pellere,  to  drive) ;  peg-top, 
whipping-top.  Prov.  Quando  e'  ti  dice 
buono  al  —  non  giuocare  alia  trottola, 
if  you  win  at  whipping  a  top  do  not 
play  with  the  humming-top,  i.e.  stick 
to  the  business  which  you  understand. 

(B)  (tot.)  i.  —  alpino,  hard  fescue  grass,  Fes- 
tuca alpina.  z.  —  capillare,  sheep's  fescue,  Festuca 
oviua.  3.  —  de'  prati,  meadow  fescue,  Festuca 
pratensis.  4.  —  odoroso,  sweet  vernal  grass,  An- 
tnoxantnum  odoratum,  also  termed  Paleino. 

Paleo-grafla,  -grafico,  -grafo,  -italico, 
-htico,  -ntografia,  -ntografico,  -ntologia, 
-ntoldgico,  -ntologo,  -sauri,  -tnologia  ancient 
ethnology,  -tnologico,  -tndlogo,  -zdico ;  paleo. 
graphy,  etc. 

Pale'S-e  (L.  palam};  manifest,  pub- 
lic. 

Aff.  -amento,  -are  to  make  public,  -atore  -atrice 
-emente. 

Palestina/;  (print.)  two-line  pica. 
Palestine ;  v.  Corvattino. 

Palestra  /  (L.,<Gr.  naXaivrpa) ; 
gymnasium. 

Palestrica^;  gymnastics. 


;  i.  dim.  Pala.  2.  fire- 
shovel.  3.  (mar.}  paddle-board,  float. 
4.  v.  Paletto  da  fasciare.  5.  shoulder- 
blade.  6.  (paint.}  =  Tavolozza,  pallet. 
7.  pallet,  one  of  the  points  moved  by 
the  pendulum  of  a  clock  which  check 
the  motion  of  the  escape  wheel. 

Palettare    (It.    paletto);    to    plant 
stakes. 

Palettata/;  i.  shovelful.   2.  blow 
with  a  shovel. 

Palettatfna  /  ;  dim.  Palettata. 


415 

Palettiere  m.  •  an  enameller's  tool,  made  of 
thin  copper. 

Palettina  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  Paletta 
Palettfno  m.;  dim.  Paletto. 

Pale"tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Palo.  2.  bolt. 
3.  (mar.}  —  da  fasciare.  When  string 
is  to  be  wound  round  a  cable  it  is  first 
wound  on  a  piece  of  wood,  Paletto, 
which  then  serves  both  for  guiding  the 
string  and  as  a  lever  for  tightening  it. 

Palettdne    m. ;    i.    a    large    shovel    used    in 
smelting.     2.    shoveller  duck,  Anns  clypeata. 
'  Palicaro  ;  v.  Pallicaro. 
*Palicciata/;  =  Palizzata,  palisade. 
Pahce  m.;  coarse  canvas. 
Paljco;  Pali  (language). 
Pal;ricare(It.  palo,  Sccare);=  Palafittare. 
Pahhe  /  pi.;  festival  of  Pales,  the  shepherd 
goddess,  celebrated   in  ancient  Rome  on  April  21 
the  anniversary  of  the  foundation  of  the  city 
"Pahlogiay:;  repetition. 

Palina  f.  (It.  palo);  i.  copse  of  underwood. 
?•  —  <""  —  da  ingegnere,  stake  used  in  taking 
levels. 

*Palinata/;=Palizzata,  palisade. 

Pahndromo  m.;  sentence  readable  either  for- 
wards or  backwards,  e.g.  Madam,  I'm  Adam. 

Palingenesi/(Gr.);  regeneration. 

Pahno  w.;  baker's  shovel. 

Palinodia/:(Gr.):  retractation. 

Palinsesto  m.  (Gr. ,  <  TTOA.II-,  again,  liou,  to 
nib);  palimpsest,  a  MS.  written  over  a  former 
writing  erased. 

Palinuro  >«.;  =  Arigusta,  lobster. 

Palio  m.  (L.  pallium,  cloak);  i. 
mantle,  a  meaning  obsolete  except  in 
the  phrase  Anche  se  si  mettesse  addosso 
—  di  San  Giovanni,  parrebbe  sempre 
brutta,  she  would  be  plain  even  if  she 
wore  St  John's  mantle.  2.  race,  orig. 
race  for  the  prize  of  a  mantle.  II  — 
dei  cocchi,  chariot-race  formerly  run 
at  Florence  on  St  John's  day.  —  de' 
sacchi,  sack-race.  3.  race-course.  4. 
Mandare  al  — ,  to  publish  abroad. 
5-  Portare  al  — ,  to  carry  an  affair 
through,  to  complete  it.  6.  Alia  terza 
si  corre  il  — ,  lit.  at  the  word  three 
they  are  off,  i.e.  fig.  the  thing  shall  be 
done,  unless...;  Per  ora  sono  stato 
zitto;  ma  alia  terza  si  corre  il  — ,  I 
have  held  my  tongue  about  it  so  far, 
but  if  things  go  on  like  this  I  must 
speak.  7.  Fatta  la  festa  e  corso  il  — , 
i.e.  when  everything  is  finished. 

*i.  prize,  or  any  reward,  ii.  —  adorato,  gold 
brocade,  ni.  material  for  making  mantles,  iv.  = 
Baldacchino,  canopy.  v.  =  Paliotto,  altar-cloth, 
vi.  Andare  a  -,  (a)  to  become  publicly  known, 
v.  infra  (5),  (*)  to  show  itself  for  what  it  really  is. 

Palibtto  m. ;  (eccl.}  frontal  for  an 
altar.  *dim.  Palio  (i). 

PaliscWnno  (Paliscalmo,  Parascal- 
mo)  m.  (etym.  dub.} ;  small  boat. 

Palissandro.  Pallissandro  m.  (from  the 
native  name);  (tat.)  Brazilian  rosewood,  Dalberria 
nigra. 

*  Palito  m. ;  bed-curtains. 

Paliuro  m.;  (tot.)  Christ's  thorn,  v.  Spino  (4) 
•Pahzzata   /    (mlt.    fnlicixm,  <  L.    patus)  • 
palisade. 

*  Palizzo  »«.;  =  Palizzata. 

PaJl-a  /  (A)  (variant  of  Balla,< 
O.H.G.  hallo};  i.  ball;  Fare  alia  — 
di  chechessia,  to  use  it  very  freely; 
Fare  alia  —  di  uno,  to  play  with  him, 
take  liberties  with  him ;  Fare  alia  - 
d'  un  bambino,  to  pass  a  baby  from  one 
to  another,  caressing  it ;  Rimettersi  in 
— ,  to  resume  one's  position.  2.  bullet. 

3.  in  pi.,  bowls,  the  game;  Aver  la  - 
in  mano,  i.e.  to  have  a  good  opportunity. 

4.  -e  e  santi,  heads  and  tails,  from  the 


416 


PALLACCIO— PALO 


imprint  of  the  Medicean  arms,  six  balls 
on  a  gold  field,  upon  one  of  the  faces  of 
the  Florentine  coins  under  Medicean 
rule.  Hence  also  Non  aver  la  —  d'  un 
quattrino,  to  have  no  money  at  all. 
5.  (bot.)  —  di  neve,  snowball  tree  or 
guelder-rose,  Viburnum  opulus,  11.  Pal- 
lone  (5). 

(B)  (L. palla,  lady's  cloak);  i.  nap- 
kin for  the  chalice  in  the  Communion 
service.  2.  altar-cloth.  —  d'  oro,  that 
in  St  Mark's  at  Venice. 

Pallaccio  in.  \  stirrer  for  molten  glass. 

Pallacdrda  f, ;  tennis-court. 

Palladi-ano,  or  -co  ;  Palladian  (architecture). 

Palladi-o  nt. ;  i.  Palladium,  the  statue  of 
Pallas  in  ancient  Troy,  on  which  the  safety  ^of  the 
city  depended.  2.  palladium,  a  metal  similar  to 
platinum.  3.  as  adj.,  belonging  to  Pallas;  I.a  -a 
fronda,  the  olive. 

Pallaio  ;«. ;  i.  maker  or  seller  of 
balls.  2.  marker  at  billiards.  3.  in 
pi.,  the  stakes  played  for.  4.  bowling- 
green. 

Pallamaglio  «/.;  pall-mall,  the  old  form  of  the 
game  of  croquet. 

Pallandrana ;  v.  Palandrana. 

*  Pallare  ;=  Palleggiare,  to  play  at  ball. 

Pallata  f.  ;  blow  from  a  ball. 
Pallato ;  marked  with  round  spots. 

Pall6ggi-are  ind.  palle"ggio  (It.  pal- 
la);  i.  to  practise,  not  playing  strictly 
nor  keeping  a  score,  at  the  game  of 
Pallone.  2.  to  toss  (a  baby)  about. 
3.  of  an  adult,  to  make  merry  at  his 
expense.  4.  v.  Palleggio  (2).  Aff. 
-amdnte,  -at6re. 

Pall6gg-io  m. ;  i.  practising,  v. 
Palleggiare.  l.fig.  bandying  praise  or 
blame  between  two  persons.  Aff,  -fno 
dim.  vezz. 

Pallerino  m. ;  player  at  ball. 

Fall6sco ;  of  the  Medicean  party,  v. 
Palla  (4). 

PaU-6tta/;  grape-shot.  Aff.  -et- 
ti'na  dim. 

Palli-are  (L.  pallium,  cloak) ;  i.  to 
hide,  to  veil.  2.  -ato,  wearing  the 
pallium.  Favole  -ate,  plays  repre- 
senting Greek  characters.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ativo  as  E. 

*  Pallicaro,  Palicaro  m. ;  hero.    The  term  came 
into  use  from  the  Greek  war  of  independence  1820 — 27, 
but  its  derivation  is  unknown. 

Pallid-o  (L.);  pale.  Aff.  -amente,  -etto,  -mo 
dims,  vezz.,  -ezza,  -iccio  dim.,  -one  augm.,  -uccio 
dim. 

Pallieray:;  (mar.)  shot  locker. 

Pallina  / ;  dim.  Palla,  ball. 

Palliniera./:;  pouch  for  shot. 

Palllno  m. ;  i.  small  shot.  2.  the 
jack  or  small  ball,  at  bowls,  or  the  red 
ball  at  billiards,  which  in  the  Italian 
game  is  smaller  than  the  two  white 
ones ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  strike  the  red  ball ; 
the  adversary's  ball  is  the  only  one 
which  may  be  played  at  directly,  and 
to  cannon  off  it  on  to  the  red  ball,  or  to 
cause  it  to  strike  the  red  ball,  counts 
four.  3.  knob,  e.g.  at  the  end  of  a  key, 
or  on  the  bars  of  a  grate,  etc.  4.  a 
sort  of  nickname  for  a  dog,  a  horse, 
etc.,  also  for  a  fat  baby.  Scioglier 
Pallino  or  Scioglier  Giordano,  to  let 


him  go,   i.e.  fig.  to  give  free  vent   to 
one's  temper.     5.  pommel  of  a  saddle. 

Pallio  m.  (L.  pallium};  i.  the 
ancient  pallium.  2.  (eccl.)  a  white 
woollen  band,  embroidered  with  black 
crosses,  worn  by  the  Pope  and  on  some 
occasions  by  archbishops  to  whom  the 
privilege  of  wearing  it  is  granted. 
3.  any  large  coverlet,  bathing-wrapper, 
etc. 

Pallissandro  m. ;  /.</.  Palissandro,  Brazilian 
rosewood. 

tPalloccoro  ?«.;  — Rociolo,  lump. 
Pall-6na/;;  augm.  of -a. 
Pallon-accio  m. ;  sprfg.  of-e. 

Pallonaio  m.\  i.  maker  of  Palloni. 
2.  attendant  who  blows  them  tight  and 
hands  them  to  the  players. 

Pallonare  ind.  pal!6no;  i.  to  play 
at  Pallone.  2.  =  Palleggiare  (3). 

Pallonatay^;  blow  on  the  body  received  when 
playing  Pallone, 

Palloncine/  //. ;  (bot.)  winter-cherry,  Physalis 
alkekenei. 

Palloncfn-o»f.;  i.  dim.  Pallone(i).  2.  Chinese 
lantern.  3.  (hot.)  -i  di  neve,  snow-berry,  Symphori- 
carpus  racfmosus.  4.  —  d'  oro,  globe  ranunculus, 
TrolliiiS  Europaens. 

Pall6ne  m. ;  i.  a  large  leather  ball 
inflated  like  a  football,  used  in  playing 
at  the  game  known  by  the  same  name, 
which  is  of  very  ancient  date.  The 
simplest  mode  of  playing  is  where  one 
party  throws  the  ball  as  far  as  possible 
and  the  other  side  returns  it  till  it  is 
driven  beyond  one  or  the  other  boun- 
dary ;  this  form  of  the  game  is  termed 
Sfratto.  But  the  game  of  Pallone 
chiefly  cultivated  is  more  like  tennis, 
the  instrument  used  being,  however, 
not  a  racket  but  a  Bracciale,  which  is 
a  peculiar  leather  armlet  of  conside- 
rable weight  and  studded  all  over  with 
leather .  teeth.  Pallone  is  not  played 
out  of  Italy ;  among  the  most  noted 
courts  are  those  of  Macerata,  Fano 
and  Alba.  For  more  information  see 
G.  Franceschi,  "  II  Giuoco  del  Pallone," 
Milano,  1903  (Hoepli).  2.  the  court 
where  the  game  is  played.  3.  Pallon 
volante,  balloon.  4.  --  per  segnali, 
signal-ball.  5.  —  di  vento,y^.  tiresome 
person.  6.  (bot.)  —  di  maggio  or  — 
di  neve,  guelder-rose,  v.  Palla  (A,  5). 

Pall6re  m. ;  pallor. 

Palldtta/;  i.  small  ball.    2.  bullet. 

Pallotttera  /  ;     i.  =  Pallottoliera. 

2.  bullet-mould. 

Pall6ttola/;    i.  pellet.     2.   bullet. 

3.  marble  for  voting ;    Aver  faccia  di 
— ,  to  be  shameless.     4.  bowl  for  play- 
ing skittles  or  bowls.    5.  testicle.    6.  pill. 

Pallottolaio  m. ;  i.  skittle-alley,  or 
bowling-green.  2.  seller  of  bowls.  3.  in 
playing  at  Pallone,  pent-house. 

Pallottoletta/;  dim.  Pallottola. 

Pallottoliera  f. ;  place  in  a  cross-bow  for  the 
bolt,  or  arrow. 

Pallottoliere  m.;  set  of  wires  with  balls,  for 
teaching  to  count. 

t  Pallouna  f. ;  dog-lMw  i>.  Galeo  cane. 

Palma/:  (L.);S»-iJ  Portare  in  —  di  mano, 
to  praise  to  the  clouds. 

Varieties  of  palm  tree:  i.  — da  cavolo,  cabbage 
palm,  Areca  oleracea.  2.  —  da  cera  or  cerifera, 
wax  palm  of  the  Andes,  Ceroxylon  andicola.  3.  — 
da  cocco,  cocoa-nut  palm,  Cocas  nvcifera.  4.  —  da 


datteri,  date  palm.  Phoenix  dattylifera.  5.  —  da 
datteri  silvestre,  wild  date  palm,  Pfwenix  sytvestris. 
6.  —  oleifera,  oil  palm,  Cocos  butyracea.  7.  —  da 
olio,  oil  palm  of  Guinea,  Elcuis  guineeitsis.  8.  — 
da  ombrello,  talipot  palm,  Corypka  itmbracutifera. 
g.  —  da  sagu  delle  isole  molucche,  sago  palm,  Cycas 
circinalis.  10.  —  da  sagu  vinifera,  wine  palm, 
Ra/thia  vinifera,  also  termed  Sagu  da  vino.  n.  — 
di  S.  Pier  Martire,  dwarf  fan  palm,  Cftamaerof>s 
htimilis,  also  termed  Cefaglioli.  12.  —  da  ven- 
taglio,  (a)  Jamaica  fan  palm,  Saial  umbracvlifera, 
(b)  Palmyra  palm,  Borassus  Jlabelliformis.  13.  — 
vinifera  brasiliana,  Brazilian  wine  palm,  Mauritia 
vinifera. 

•Palmara/:;  v.  Palmiere. 

Palmare;  i.  palmar.  2.  Errore  — ,  manifest 
blunder.  3.  of  a  palm-tree. 

Palmario  m. ;  i.  =  Sbruffo,  hush- 
money.  2.  at  Naples,  fee  to  an  advo- 
cate winning  his  client's  case. 

Palmatay^;  i.  slap  with  the  hand. 
2.  gift,  bribe.  3.  (mar.)  striking  the 
bargain  and  taking  the  earnest  money 
on  accepting  an  engagement  for  a 
voyage. 

Palmat-o;  i.  (tot.)  palmate  (leaf).  2.  (hist.) 
Veste  -a,  triumphal  robe.  3.  web-footed. 

•Palmea/I  (old  Fr.  palm(e);  i.  agreement  for 
sale.     ii.    surrender  of  temporal  goods. 

*  Palmeggiare ;  i.   to  give  in  marriage,    ii.   to 
rub. 

•Palmella/;  i.  flock  wool.    ii.  tool  for  combing 
fleeces. 

Palm6nto  m.  (L.  pavimento,  > 
**pav'mento,  **paumento,  palmento, 
cp.  Aldace  for  Audace);  i.  flour-re- 
ceiver in  a  mill.  2.  the  flour  itself. 
Prov.  Macinare,  or  Mangiare  a  due  -i, 
to  eat  on  both  sides  of  the  mouth,  i.e. 
eat  heartily,  or  Jig.  to  make  large  profits. 

*i.  wine-press,    ii.  flour-mill,     iii.  drinking-foun- 
tain. 

*  Palmeo  nr. ;  (mtd.)  a  kind  of  plaster. 
tPalmeray;;  float  of  a  mill-wheel. 

Palmeto  ?«. ;  palm-grove. 

Palmettayl;  i.  dim.  Palma.  2.  (mar.)  fore- 
head of  a  ship;  Bracciuoli  della  — ,  cheeks.  3.  sail- 
maker's  palm. 

Palmiere  tit.;  pilgrim,  palmer,  who  carried  a 
palm-branch  in  sign  of  having  been  to  the  Holy 
Land. 

Palmifero ;  rich  in  palm-trees. 

Palmina  f.;  (chem.)  extract  of  castor-oil. 

Palmipede  (L.);  web-footed. 

Palmista  f.  ;  (bot.)  cabbage-palm,  Areca 
olerticea, 

*Palmite  m.  (L.);  =  Tralcio,  vine-branch. 

Palmitina/;;  extract  of  palm-oil. 

Palmiziaio  ;;/. ;  maker  or  seller  of  Palmizi. 

Palmizio  m. ;  imitation  palm-branch 
for  Palm  Sunday.  *palm  tree. 

Palm-0  m.  (L.) ;  I.  span,  hand's 
length,  hand  as  unit  of  height  for  horses ; 
Restare  con  un  —  di  naso,  to  be  taken 
in,  deluded.  2.  =  Palma,  palm  of  the 
hand.  3.  Avere  un  —  di  barba,  lit.  to 
have  a  root  a  span  long,  i.e.  to  be  stale 
news;  Tre  -i  piu  su  del  polpaccio  ot 
sotto  il  mento,  three  spans  above  the 
calf  or  below  the  chin,  i.e.  in  the  private 
parts.  4.  Portare  in  —  di  mano,  to  be 
very  fond  of.  5.  A  —  a  — ,  foot  by 
foot.  Conoscer  un  paese  a  —  a  — ,  to 
know  every  inch  of  it.  6.  —  minore, 
hand's  breadth. 

Palmol-a  f. ;  i.  wooden  hay-fork. 
2.  (mech.}  cam.  Aff.  -ino  dim.,  -6ne 
augm. 

"  Palmone  m.;=  Fantoccio  (4). 

Palo  m.  (L.  palus,<**pagtus,  root 
pag,  to  fix,  v.  Patto);  i.  stake,  pole. 
Prov.  Ogni  vite  vuole  il  suo  — ,  every 
vine  should  have  its  stake,  i.e.  every 


PALOMA— PANCRAZIO 


girl  a  husband  ;  Saltare  di  —  in  frasca, 
to  hop  from  pole  to  bush,  i.e.  change 
the  subject  abruptly ;  •  -  di  ferro, 
(a}  crow-bar,  (/>)  iron  tube  used  in  blast 
furnaces.  2.  (dot.)  Legno  — .  South 
American  cow-tree,  Brosimum  Galacto- 
dendron.  3.  (««r.)  =  Albero  senate, 
trysail  mast.  4.  mizen  mast  of  a  bark 
or  barquentine.  5.  -  -  d'  ormeggio, 
bollard,  mooring-post  on  a  quay. 

*  i.  fie.    clumsy    person ;    —    in    pelliccta,   thin 
person,     li.    Ficcare   il  — ,  to  plant  the  stake,  i.e. 
come  to  a  halt. 

Palom-a,  -aria;  v.  Paroma. 
Palomba ;  71.  Colomba. 

Palombdro  m.  (etym.  dub.};  I.  diver 
(in  a  diving-bell).  2.  =  Marangone, 
diver  (bird). 

Palomb611a/;;  =  ColombelIa,  wood-pigeon. 

Palombina;  Uva  — ,  a  variety  of  grape. 

Paldmbo  MI.  (L.  patutitpes) ',  i.  ring-dove, 
Co lu mba  paltiinbus.  2.  =  Colombaccio,  wild  pigeon. 
3.  —  comune,  or  stellato,  or  simply  — ,  smooth  dog- 
fish, Mustelus  plebeiits,  locally  termed  Can  bianco, 
Cagneto,  Pallouna,  Palumbu.  4.  — canesca,  common 
tope,  v.  Galeo  cane.  5.  —  pinticcliiatit  o  impiltric- 
chiato,  thorn-hound,  v.  Spinerolo.  tPesce  — ,  toad- 
fish,  7(.  Tetraodonte. 

*  Palombola  f. ;  —  Fico  fiore,  summer  fig. 

Paldne  m.  ;  (A)  augm.  Palo,  post. 
(B)  augm.  Pala,  shovel. 

*  Palora  /. ;  metathesis  of  Parola. 

Paldscio  in.  (Russian  palasch);  hunting-knife. 
tPalostrega/;=  Pinna,  wing-shell. 
tPalotto  /«.;  =  Gottazza.  bailer. 

Palpabil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Palpamento  in. ;  palpation. 

Palp-are  (L.);  i.  to  feel,  handle. 
2.  (mar.}  to  hold  her  up,  keep  the  oars 
steady  in  the  water.  Aff.  -atina  light 
touch,  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Palpastrei  m.  /»/.;=  Pipislrelli,  bats. 
Palpebr-a/  <L.);  eyelid.     Aff.  -ale. 

*  Palpebrare  ;  to  twitch  the  eyelids. 
Palpeggi-are  ind.  palpeggio ;  frey.  of  Palpare. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atma. 

Palperello  in.  ;  (hot.)  winter  horse-tail,  -.•. 
Rasperella. 

Palpit-are    iad.    palpito    (L.);     as    E.      Aff. 
-azioncella,  -azione  or  -o. 
*Palpone;  A  — ,  by  feeling. 

Palto,  Paltdne  m.  (Fr.  paletot,  prob. 
<**palle-toque,  cloak  with  a  hood,<L. 
palla,  mant!e,<Celtic  iok,  a  cap,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Paletot) ;  loose  overcoat. 
Aff.  Paltoncino  dim. 

•Paltone,  Paltoniere  ta.  (frol>.<a.  derivative 
of  L.  falitari,  freq.  of  palari,  to  wander,  cp. 
Provenc,.  / nitons,  O.  Fr.  paltonier);  vagrant.  As 
adj. ,  beggarly. 

*  Paltrufali  tn.  ;=Equiseto. 
Paluccio  ;«.;  dim.  Palo. 
Palud-amento  m.  (L.);  military  cloak,    -ato  ; 

cloaked. 

Paliide/ (L.);  marsh. 

Paludfna/;  a  genus  of  snails. 
Paludismo  m.  \  malaria. 
Paluddso  ;  marshy. 
t  Palumbu  m.\  v.  Palombo  (3). 

*  Palungone  ;  =  Spilungone. 

*  Paluzzo  m.;  dim.  Palo,  thin  stake. 
Palvese   or  Pav6se  (bit.  palvasiunt,  prob.  < 

Pavia,  where  these  shields  were  first  made);  i.  large 
shield  covering  the  whole  body.  2.  soldier  provided 
therewith. 

•Pambollito  <«.;  =  PanlH>llito,  pap. 

Pamela  /.',  wide-brinrmed  lady's  straw  hat, 
prob.  from  that  usually  worn  by  actresses  taking 
the  part  of  Pamela  in  Goldoni's  comedies. 

tPamingo  tn. ;  ?>.  Paguro. 

Pampaldna  ;  (leaf),  as  large  as  that 
of  a  vine. 

*  Pampanaio  ;=  Patnpiuario. 

Pampanata  /  ;  hot  wash  prepared 
from  vine-leaves  for  cleaning  casks. 
H. 


Pampano,  Pampino  ///.  (L.);  i. 
vine-leaf,  or  branch.  2.  Jig.  empty  ap- 
pearance. 

Pampanoso ;  full  of  leaf. 

*  Pamparigio   in. ;    i.    wafer,   for  sealing,     ii.  — 
Cialda,  biscuit. 

Pampeltmosa  f.  (native  name) ;  shaddock, 
Citrtts  tiecuinana,  also  termed  Arancio  pampelmo, 
Pompa  di  Genova. 

tPampeloti  in. ;  a  species  of  flat  fish,  v.  Suacia. 

Pampero ;  in  S.  America,  (storm)  off  the  pampas. 

Pampinario  ;  (branch)  producing  only  leaves. 

Pampineo  ;  like  vine  foliage. 

Pampinifdrme ;  shaped  like  a  vine- 
leaf. 

Pdnipin-o  m. ;  —  Pampano.  +  =  Ban- 
dolo.  *=Grappolo,  cluster.  Aff.  -oso. 

*Pana/;  =  Pania,  D.  Inf.  21.  124. 
*Panacciayi;  a  preservative  added  to  wine. 

Panace  m.;  (bot.)  i.  —  chironeo,  rock-rose,  r. 
Eliantemo.  2.  —  erculeo,  hog-weed,  HeracUum 
spkondylinm,  also  termed  Sedano  de'  prati,  Eracleo 
sfondilio.  3.  —  di  montagna,  cow-parsley,  Hera- 
cleuiH  patwces. 

Panaceayl  ((jr.  7rafa.ttia);  i.  panacea.  2.  (/<>/.) 
/'rt«(7.r,  a  genus  of  Araliaceae,  which  includes  the 
Chinese  ginseng. 

*Panaggio  in.',   i.  provision  of  bread.     ii.=Ap- 
panaggio. 

Panagro  in.  ((Jr.  Trd.va.ypov) ;  fisbing-net. 

Panaio ;  name  of  a  variety  of  apple  with  very 
porous  pulp. 

Panama  ///. ;  Panama  hat. 

Pan-are;  i.  to  cover  with  bread- 
crumbs. 2.  Acqua  -ata,  toast  and  water. 

Panario  ;  suitable  for  bread. 

Panata  /!  ;  i.  v.  Panare.  2.  blow 
with  a  loaf.  3.  panada,  broth  thickened 
with  bread.  4.  =  Focaccia,  bun;  Far 
la  —  al  diavolo,  to  work  for  the  profit 
of  others. 

•Panatella/;  dim.  Panata  (3). 
Panateneo ;  Panathenaic  (games). 
Panatica  /;  provision  of  bread. 

*  Panatoio  m.  ;  =  Dipanatoio,  winder. 

Panatterla  / ;  bread-store. 

Panattiera  /  ;  i .  bread-basket,  for 
a  nobleman's  table.  2.  insect  in  flour, 
or  bread.  3.  shepherd's  bread-bag. 
4.  v.  Panattiere. 

Panattier-e  «/.,  -a  / ;  i.  baker. 
2.  steward  of  the  bread-stores. 

Panbollito  (Pambollito)  m. ;  I.  pap. 

2.  bread   boiled  for  making  Polpette. 

3.  Soffiare  nel  — ,  to  be  a  spy. 
Panc-a  /  (O.H.G.  banch);   bench. 

Cassa  — ,  or  as  one  word  Cassapanca, 
locker.  Phrases:  i.  Alia  messa  una  — 
per  uno,  let  every  one  sit  on  his  own 
bench,  i.e.  pay  for  his  share  himself, 
an  expression  used  on  observing  a 
person  eating  enormously.  2.  Andare 
alia  — ,  of  a  child,  to  begin  to  walk, 
supporting  itself  by  a  bench.  Quando 
il  tuo  diavolo  nacque  il  mio  andava  alia 
— ,  when  you  were  born  I  was  beginning 
to  walk,  said  to  one  who  thinks  himself 
sharper  than  us.  3.  Stracciare,  Con- 
sumare  le  -he,  i.e.  to  be  lazy.  4.  La  — 
delle  tenebre,y?£.  one  who  is  excessively 
unfortunate,  or  the  victim  of  everybody : 
tenebre  refers  to  an  old  rite  in  Holy 
Week,  when  the  lights  were  put  out  at 
the  end  of  the  service  and  little  rods 
were  given  to  each  person  with  which 
to  beat  the  benches.  5.  Leva  le  -he  e 
metti  le  -he,  take  away  the  benches  and 


put  them  out  again,  a  phrase  used  when 
a  person  makes  some  arrangement  and 
then  undoes  it.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

*  Panc-acciato,  *-acciere,  *-accino  in.;  la/y- 
bones,  v.  -a  (3). 

Pancaccio  m. ;  i.  locker,  as  a  place 
for  lying  upon.  2.  plank  bed. 

Pancacci61o  in. ;  (hot.}  gladiolus, 
Gladiolus  communis,  also  called  Fil  di 
spada,  Gladiolo  comune,  Lanciola, 
Monacucce,  .Spadacciola. 

Pancacci6ne  m. ;  augm.  Panca, 
bench  with  a  back  to  it. 

Pancaio  in.;  one  who  lets  out 
benches. 

Pancale  m.  ;  cloth  for  covering 
a  bench,  tstone  bench. 

*  Pancano  m. ;  =  Procaccio. 

*  Pancarne  in. ;  cake  of  meat  and  flour. 
*Pancarpo  ;//.;=  Mischia  d'  atleti  con  ogni  sorta 

di  belve. 

Pancata  f. ;  I.  the  people  upon 
a  bench.  2.  blow  from  a  bench.  3.  two 
or  more  rows  of  vines  or  other  plants. 

tPancellay. ;  i.   shoemaker's  apron,     ii.   baby's 
diaper. 

•Pancello  «/. ;  =  Pannicello. 

Pancerdne  w. ;  augm.  Panciera. 

Panc^tta/;  I.  dim.  Pancia.  2. 
cuirass. 

Pancettina  /  ;  sub-dim.  Pancia. 

Panche'tta/ ;  r.  dim.  Panca.  .2. — 
del  letto,  board  for  a  bed.  3.  —  de' 
piedi,  footstool.  4.  =  Banchina,  para- 
pet. 

Panchettata/. ;  blow  with  a  Panchetta. 
Panchettinay:;  dim.  Panchetta. 
Panchettino  «/. ;  dint.  Panchetto. 

Panche'tto  m. ;   i.  footstool.    2.  - 
piegatoio,    camp-stool.     3.  =  Bischetto, 
work-table,  in  shoemaking. 

Panchfna/  ;  I.  dim.  Panca.  2.  low 
platform  between  the  sets  of  rails  at 
a  railway  station.  3.  stone-edging  for 
the  water-channel  of  a  roadway.  4.  a 
kind  of  building-stone. 

Panci-a  /  (L.  pantex);  belly, 
paunch.  A  —  all'  aria,  flat  on  one's 
back.  Far  — ,  of  a  wall,  to  bulge.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. ;  -ata,  i.  bellyful,  2.  blow 
on  the  belly;  -era,  armour  for  the  belly; 
-na  dim. ;  -naccia  dim.  pegg.  scherz. ; 
-no  dim. 

Panci611e;  Stare  in  —  ,  to  loll  on  a  sofa. 
Panci-6na/,  -one  »*.;  augm.  Pancia. 

Panciottaia  / ;  vest-maker. 

Pancibtto  ///. ;  vest,  long  under- 
\\-aistcoat. 

Panciuto ;  corpulent. 

Panconcell-o  m. ;  lath.  Aff.  -are 
vb.,  -atura. 

Pancdne  in.;  I.  augm.  Panca.  2. 
plank.  3.  subsoil  of  hard  clay.  4.  dock, 
for  prisoners  on  trial.  5.  carpenter's 
bench.  6.  (mar.}  channel-board. 

*Panconellay:;  =  Panconcello,  lath. 

Pancon6so;  7'.  Pancone  (3). 

Pancotto  m. ;  spreg.  for  Pappa,  pap. 

Pancrazip  ;«.  (Gr.  n-ayxpaTioi');  i.  boxing  and 
wrestling  combined.  2.  (/W.)  I'aiicriitiiim,  a  genus 
of  A  rriaryl/itiacfat. 

53 


4i8 


PANCREA— PANNETTO 


Pancrea  tn.  (Gr.);  (anal.)  pancreas,  a  digestive 
gland. 

*Pancresto  in.  (Gr.  irayxpyirTos) :  panacea. 

Pancucuiio  in.;  (£<?/.)=Acetosella,  wood-sorrel. 

Panda/;;  Himalayan  bear,  Ailnrws  refulgens. 

Pandemic  (Gr.);  public,  common. 

Pandem6nio  ?//.;  as  E.,  from  Milton's  Paradise 
Lost. 

*  Pandere  part,  passo  (L.);  to  publish,  make 
manifest.  Lo  speglio,  in  che  prima  che  pensi,  il 
pensier  pandi,  D.  Par.  15.  63,  the  mirror  wherein, 
ere  thou  thinkest,  thou  dost  make  known  thy 
thought. 

Pandette/://.  (Gr.  irai/8e'icTi)$,  all-embracing) ; 
the  Pandects  of  Justinian,  a  digest  of  the  Roman 
civil  law.  Apporre  al!e  — ,  to  take  objection  to  the 
Pandects,  i.e.  find  fault  with  anything  however 
perfect. 

Pandiserpe;  v.  Pane  (6,  c). 

Pandbra  f.  (Gr.  n-ai'Sovpa) ;  I.  lute.  2.  a 
species  of  oyster. 

Pand6rio  m. ;  a  kind  of  shepherd's  pipe. 
*Pand-ura,  *-urina./;— Pandora  (i). 

Panduro  in.  '.  i.  pandour,  Austrian  franc- 
tireitr;  the  name  is  from  that  of  Pandur,  a  village 
near  Pesth.  2.  lout. 

Pane  m.  (A)  (L.  pan  is,  root  pa,  to 
feed,  -v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Food); 
i.  bread.  2.  loaf  of  bread.  3.  loaf  of 
other  materials,  e.g.  sugar,  pitch ;  lump 
of  figs,  etc.  4.  lump  of  earth  round  the 
roots  of  a  plant  that  is  being  moved. 

5.  bread,  in  sense  of  wages,  or  situation  ; 
Perdere  il  — ,  i.e.  to  lose  one's  situation. 

6.  (dot.)  (a)  —  porcino,  cyclamen,  v. 
Fiore  (16,  xxi);  (o)  —  del  cuculio,  wood- 
sorrel,  v.  Pancucuiio;   (c)  —  di  serpe, 
lords  and  ladies,  v.  Erba  (i  1 8,  f). 

Phrases  :  7.  Essere  come  —  e  cacio, 
like  bread  and  cheese,  i.e.  in  full  agree- 
ment. 8.  Dar  —  per  cena  ad  uno,  to 
surpass  him.  9.  Mangiar  —  e  coltello, 
to  eat  dry  bread.  10.  Aver  tre  —  per 
coppia,  to  make  an  unexpectedly  large 
profit.  11.  —  dorato,  slices  fried  with 
egg.  12.  Cavare  uno  di  —  ditro,  to 
relieve  him  of  stale  bread,  i.e.  eat  freely 
at  his  expense  ;  Uscir  di  —  tiuro,  to 
emerge  from  poverty.  13.  Riuscir  piu 
a  —  che  a.  farina,  i.e.  to  turn  out  better 
than  seemed  likely.  14.  —  di  figliuoli, 
pene  e  duoli,  the  saying  of  parents  who 
are  maintained  by  their  children.  15. 
Render  —  per  focaccia,  i.e.  to  give  as 
good  as  one  gets.  16.  Esser  come 
andare  per  il  —  Ae\fornaiu,  like  buying 
a  loaf  from  the  baker,  said  of  buying 
anything  which  is  at  a  fixed  price. 

17.  —  difratelli  —  e  coltelli,  the  saying 
of  sisters  supported  by  their  brothers. 

1 8.  —   d'  un  giorno  e  vin  d'  un  anno, 
new   bread    and    old    wine    are    best. 

19.  Cercar  miglior  —  che  di  gt'ano,  i.e. 
not  to  be   satisfied  with  a  fair  profit. 

20.  -  -    lavato,   dipped   in   water  and 
cooked  with  oil  and  vinegar.    21.  Man- 
ginre  or  Rimangiare  uno  come  il  — ,  i.e. 
to  give  an  insulting  answer.     22.    Far 
cascare  il  —  di  mano,  to  be  excessively 
tiresome.     23.  Esser  meglio  del  — ,  to 
be   in   very   good   temper.     24.    Esser 
tutt'  una  zuppa  e  un  —  molle,  said  of 
a  pair  of  rogues,  each  as  bad  as  the 
other.     25.  —  con  gli  occhi,  cacio  senz' 
occhi   e   vino    che    lascia    chiuder  gli 
occhi,   (give    me)    light    bread,    close- 
grained   cheese  and  strong  wine.     26. 
Dire  il  pane,  pane,  i.e.  to  call  a  spade 
a  spade;    Dire  una  cosa  —    — ,  to  say 
quite    plainly  what   we   think.     27.    - 


pepato,  ginger-bread,  cp.  I'anforte.  28. 
—  di  ramerino,  if.  Panino.  29.  —  di 
ricatto,  recoupment  at  the  expense  of 
the  person  who  injured  us.  30.  - 
santo,  11.  Pansanto.  31.  Distinguere  il 
pan  da'  sasst,  i.e.  right  from  wrong,  or 
true  from  false.  32.  -  -  di  Spngita, 
paste  cooked  with  flour,  sugar,  yolk  of 
eggs  and  cream.  33.  Mangiare  il  —  a 
tradimento,  not  to  be  worth  one's  wages. 
34.  —  unto,  v.  Panunto.  35.  Guadag- 
narsi  il  —  per  la  vecchiaia,  i.e.  to  be 
convicted  and  given  a  life-sentence. 
36.  Mangiar  —  e  veleno,  to  quarrel 
with  a  person  just  after  taking  a  meal 
with  him. 

(B)  (L.  panus,  thread  wound  upon 
the  bobbin);  i.  worm  of  a  screw,  from 
its  appearance  of  twisting  up  when 
turned.  2.  (med.)  tumour ;  (this  was 
also  the  secondary  meaning  of  panus). 

Panegir-ico  in.  (Gr.,  <  n-at^yupi?,  general  as- 
sembly); panegyric.  Aff.  -ista. 

Pan&la  /;  i.  cake  of  gypsum. 
2.  =  P'ormella. 

Panellino  m. ;  dim.  Pane  (A). 
*Panello  ;«. ;  i.  bundle  of  oiled  rags  as  a  torch. 
ii.  oil  cake. 

*  Panera/;  — Panna,  cream. 

*  Paneraio  ;  v.  Panieraio. 

Paner^ccio  in.  (L.  panaricium,<Gr. 
iraptawxia) ',  whitlow  on  the  finger. 

*  Panettier-e  ni.t  -a  f. ;  =  Panattier-e,  -a. 
Panett-ino  sub-dim.,  -o  dim.,  of  Pane. 

Panettdn-e  m.;  a  Milanese  sweet- 
meat. Aff.  -cino,  dim. 

*  Panfano  ;  variant  of  Panfilio. 

*  Panfilio  m.  (Pelasgic  word);  yacht,  galley. 
Panfo   in.  (Chinese  pafkfong,   white   copper) ; 

alloy  of  copper,  zinc,  and  nickel. 

Panf6rt-e  m. ;  a  Siennese  sweet- 
meat. Aff.  -ino. 

Pangolino  m.  (Malay  fciiggiiliHg,  cylinder, 
from  gitling,  to  revolve,  from  the  habit  of  the  creature 
to  curl  up  like  a  hedgehog) ;  A/anis. 

Pangrattato  m.,  for  Pane  grattato ; 
i.  grated  bread,  bread-crumbs  for 
frying  or  for  adding  to  soup.  2.  soup 
with  grated  bread  in  it. 

Pania  f.  (**panea,  exudation  upon 
the  stem  of  a  tree,  <  L.  panus,  tumour); 
i.  bird-lime,  a  sticky  material  exuded 
by  certain  berries.  2.  fig.  any  trap,  but 
esp.  of  an  amorous  kind.  3.  =  Panione, 
limed  rod.  4.  mistletoe,  v.  Visco. 

Paniaccio  ;«. ;  i .  leather  bag  for 
limed  twigs.  2.  Attaccar  —  con  uno, 
to  make  love.  3.  old  umbrella. 

Panicale  HI. ;  dried  panicum  grass. 
Panicastrella  in.;  (bat.)  i.  fox-tail  panic-grass, 
Panicum  italit'iim  or  viride.     2.  v.  Panico  (3). 
Panicato  ;  sick  (pig),  v.  Pam'co  (7). 

Paniccia  f. ;  flour  and  water,  paste. 
Fame  — ,  to  pound  into  a  jelly. 

Paniccio  m. ;  kneaded  flour. 

*  Panicciuolo  tn. ;  small  loaf. 
tPanicelli  iu.fi.;  («<ir.)=Torelli. 

*  PanichinaX;  loose  woman. 

Panico  adj.  or  sb.  (Gr.  jravticds,  influenced  by 
the  god  Pan)  ;  panic. 

Panico  m.  (L.  panicum,  prob.  dim. 
<pames,  ball  of  thread,  v.   Panicola) ; 
(hot.)    i.  — comune  or  coltivato,  Italian 
panic-grass,  Panicum  italicum.     2.   - 
de'  pappagalli,  buffalo-grass,  Tripsacum 


dactyloides.  3.  —  salvatico,  (a)  barn- 
grass,  Panicum  crus-galli,  also  termed 
Panicastrella, (b)  East  Indian  hedgehog- 
grass,  1'anicum  stagninum. 

Phrases,  etc. :  4.  Scrittura  che  par 
— ,  very  small  writing.  5.  Prtm.  Quando 
il  fico  serba  il  fico  tu  villan  serba  il  — , 
when  the  figs  remain  on  the  tree  the 
farmer  should  save  up  his  grass,  a  bad 
harvest  being  in  prospect.  6.  A  tirarci 
del  —  non  ne  cascherebbe  in  terra  un 
chicco,  if  seed  were  thrown  there,  not 
a  grain  would  reach  the  ground,  a  mode 
of  describing  a  densely  packed  crowd. 
7.  a  disease  in  pigs,  when  the  skin 
seems  covered  with  seeds. 

Panic6col-o  m.,  -a/  ;  bread-maker. 

*Panicola/;  (L.  />aniculfi)\~ Pannocchia,  tuft. 
Panicolaio  ;//. ;  heap  of  confusion. 
Panic6nay".:  sellers,  loose  dressing-gown. 
Panicu6colo;  v.  Panicocolo. 

Pani&r-a  /   (variant    of   Paniere); 

1.  open    basket.     2.    basketful.     3.  = 
Giardiniera,  basket-carriage.  Aff.  -accia 
or  -accio  pegg.,  -aio  basket-maker,  -ata 
contents  of  a  basket. 

Panier-e  m.  (L.  painn-iuin,  bread- 
basket) ;  deep  basket,  with  a  lid,  cp. 
Paniera. 

Aff.  -etta  -etto  -ma  or  -ino  dims.,  -ona  or  -one 
auxins.,  -oncino  dim.  of  -one,  -uccio  or  -uzzo  dim. 
sfreg. 

•Panieruzzolo  /;/. ;  i.  dim.  Paniere.     ii.  somer- 
sault into  water. 

Panific-are  ind.  panifico ;  to  make  bread. 
Aff.  -azione,  -io. 

Panino  m. ;  dim.  Pane.  —  gravido, 
sandwich.  —  di  ramerino,  spiced  bun. 

Panidne  m.  \  i.  limed  twig,  v. 
Pania.  2.  food  served  in  a  sticky 
mass. 

Panioso ;  sticky. 

Paniuzz-ayC,  -o  m. ;  dim. ,  limed  twig,  v.  Pania. 
*  Panizzay?;  =  Paniccia,  pavte. 
Panizzare ;  =  Panificare. 

Panlavato  m.  ;  v.  Pane  (20). 

Panna  f. ;  i.  cream;  —  montata, 
whipped  cream.  2.  Velluto  in  — ,  vel- 
veteen. 3.  (mar.)  In  panna,  lying  to, 
Fr.  en  panne ;  the  term  is  also  applied 
to  the  break-down  of  a  motor  car. 

Ktytn.  Apparently  a  variant  of  Panno,  cp.  Fr. 
faun?,  which  means  either  a  material  somewhat  like 
plush,  or  the  sail  of  a  ship,  but  the  connections  of 
both  the  French  and  the  Italian  words  are  uncertain. 
But  Panna  no  doubt  means  "cream,"  from  its  being 
regarded  as  a  sort  of  covering  on  the  milk. 

Pannaccio  tn. ;  pegg.  Panno. 

Pannaiblo  m. ;  woollen-draper. 

•Pannamento  m.  or  *Pannaturayl:  drapery. 

Pannare ;     i.     of   cream,    to    rise. 

2.  to  put  out  (milk)  for  the  cream  to 
rise.     3.    (uted.)   to   suppurate.     4.     to 
open  (an  abscess). 

Panneggi-are ;      to    drape.      Aff. 

-amento. 

Pannelbagio  in. ;  — Mignattino,  black  tern. 

Pannello  m. ;  I.  bread-cloth  for 
wrapping  loaves  set  out  to  rise.  2.  linen 
cloth  of  medium  density. 

Pannettino  m. ;  coarse  woollen 
cloth,  but  of  good  quality. 

Pannetto  m. ;  spreg.  inferior  woollen 
cloth. 


PANNIA— PAPAVERO 


419 


Pannia/.;  =  Sala,  reed-grass. 

*  Pannicciuolo  w. ;  swaddling-clothes. 

Pannic&ll-O  m.\  I.  dim.  Panno.  -i 
caldi,  fig.  useless  remedies.  2.  in  //., 
worn-out  clothes.  *(meJ.)  nictitating 
membrane. 

Pannicino    »/. ;    dim.    Panno. 
d'  Egitto,  a  kind  of  white  bombazine 
for  lining. 

*  Pannicolo  in.  (I.,  paniiicnlns);  \.  (anat.)  mem- 
brane,    ii.    diaphragm,      iii.    (bot.)  leaf  nearest  the 
flower,     iv.  sheet  of  falling  water. 

*Panniere  in. ;—  Pannaiolo. 

•Pannilino;  ?>.  Pannolino.     In//.,  breeches. 

Pannfna  f. ;  piece  of  woollen  cloth. 
Essere  della  medesima  — ,  to  belong  to 
the  same  class. 

Pann-o  in.  (L.  pannus,  cp.  Gr.  mjvij, 
thread,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pane);  i.  cloth; 
if  alone,  woollen  cloth  is  usually  in- 
tended ;  -  lano,  or  as  one  word 
Pannolano,  blanket ;  —  lino,  or  as  one 
word  Pannolino,  linen  cloth.  2.  width, 
of  a  net  for  birds.  3.  in  //.,  clothes ; 
Esser  nei  -i  d'  uno,  to  be  in  his  place; 
Non  poter  star  ne'  -i,  to  be  overjoyed. 
4.  Esservi  —  per  fare  una  cosa,  sufficient 
space  or  adequate  means  or  material 
for  it.  5.  lining  membrane  of  an  egg. 
6.  layer  of  scum  on  the  surface  of  a 
liquid,  skim  upon  boiled  milk.  7.  dew 
condensed  upon  a  vessel  of  very  cold 
water.  8.  Pigliare  il  —  per  il  suo  verso, 
fig.  to  take  hold  of  a  job  in  the  right 
way.  9.  Prffv.  Caldo  di  —  non  fe'  mai 
danno,  i.e.  it  is  better  to  wear  too  much 
than  to  catch  cold.  10.  Far  sapere  a 
uno  di  che  -i  noi,  or  un  altro,  si  veste, 
i.e.  to  show  resolute  determination, 
ii.  Tagliare  i  -i  addosso  a  uno,  to 
speak  ill  of  him.  12.  -i  caldi,  hot 
fomentations.  13.  (med.)  placenta. 

*  i.  blur,  upon  the  eye.     ii.  -i  di  gamba,  trousers, 
iii.   Venire  a  uno  il  —  per  tutti  i  versi,  to  have  every- 
thing go  well  with    him.      iv.    husk  of  a  chestnut, 
v.  (iitus.) —  rosso,  verde,  a  sort  of  tarantella,    vi.  side 
of  a  jar.    vii.  — turco,  =  Ghinoa,  a  kind  of  blue  cotton 
cloth,   guinea-cloth,     viii.    I    -i   rifanno  le   stanghe, 
i.e.  the  tailor  makes  the  man.     ix.  (mar.)  In  — ,= 
In  panna,  lying  to. 

Pannbcchia  /  (**panuculus,  dim. 
of  L.  panus,  v.  Panno) ;  i.  tuft  of  maize 
or  millet.  2.  scherz.  nose. 

*i.    horse's  tail.     ii.    bulb  of  an  onion,     iii.  ~ 
Mentula. 

Pannocchi6tta/!;  dim.  Pannocchia. 
Pannocchina  /;   (tot.)  cock's-foot  grass,   v. 
Erba  (76). 

Pannoch-ino  or  -iuto  ;  tufted. 
tPannolayl;  long  line,  for  fishing. 

Pannolino  m. ;  i.  woollen  cloth. 
2.  blanket. 

Pannolino  m. ;  linen  cloth. 

*  Pannoso ;  i.  ragged,    ii.   blurred,     iii.  spotty 
(face). 

t  Pannuccia  /.\  apron. 
t  Pannuccioro  m. ;  spiced  bun. 
Pannume  >«.;=  Panno  (5)  and  (6). 

*  Pano  m.  (L.)  ;  =  Tubercolo,  pimple. 
Pan6ne>*.;  big  loaf. 

Pandplia/!  (Or.);  panoply,  complete  armour. 
Panorama  in.  (Gr.);  as  E. 
•Panoro  m.;  the  twelfth  of  a  Staiaro. 
Pan6seri  w.;  =  Spino  bianco,  white-thorn. 

Panporcino  m. ;  (tot.)  cyclamen. 

Pansanto  m. ;  toast  clipped  in  newly 
pressed  oil. 

Pans£tta./;=»Sardina,  sardine. 
Panslav-ismo  tit. ;  as  K.     Aff.  -ista. 


tPantay. ;  lemon  dab-fish,  v.  Pianuzza. 

Pantagruell-ico,  -ismo  ;  from  the  name  in 
Rabelais. 

Pantalonata/;  i.  act  of  a  pantaloon.  2.  Vene- 
tian peculiarity. 

Pantaldne  m. ;  i.  an  old  Venetian 
"mask,"  v.  Maschera.  2.  a  Venetian. 
3.  pantaloon.  4.  in  pi.,  trousers.  5.  a 
kind  of  psaltery. 

Etym.  From  the  personal  name  Pantaleone 
which  is  either  the  Gr.  irarTaAe'w!*,  =all  lion,  or  irav. 
T<A€T}/JLWC,  =all  pitying.  St  Pantaleone  was  a  u  ell- 
known  saint  in  Venice,  and  the  name  was  common 
there.  In  the  sense  of  trousers,  the  term  is  the  Fr. 
pnntaton,  so  called  because  worn  by  Venetians,  the 
leg-garment  in  general  use  being  knee-breeches. 
The  psaltery  was  so  named  by  Louis  XIV,  after  its 
inventor  Pantale'on  Hebenstreit. 

Pantanay!;  (ornith.)  t.  green-shank  or  cinere- 
ous godwil,  Totanus  glottis,  also  termed  Verderello. 
2.  black-tailed  godwit,  v.  Pittima  (B).  3.  —  grigia, 
=  Gambetta  fosca,  spotted  red-shank. 

Pantan-0  m.  (mlt.  pantanutn,  prof>. 
<a  Celtic  root,  cp.  Welsh  panto,  to  sink 
in,  indent);  swamp.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-oso. 

*  Pantasare ;  =  Vaneggiare. 

Pante-ismo,  -ista,  -isticamente,  -istico  ; 
as  E. 

Pantenna  ;  (mar.)  Bastimento  in  — ,  disabled 
vessel. 

Panteon  in. :  Pantheon. 

Pantera  /.  (L.,<Gr.  irii-flrip,  =  Spnskr.  /»«- 
darika,  tiger,  ///.  lotus-flower,  from  its  spotted  skin); 
panther. 

*i.  net  for  duck,  snipe,  etc.     ii.  —  aulente,  gay 
woman. 

Panteranay?;=Lodola,  lark. 

Pant6fol-a  / ;  slipper.  Aff.  -aio, 
-dtta  -ina  dims. 

Etym.  dub.  Cogii.  are  Roumanian  panto/fa, 
Fr.  pantoufle,  Span,  pantitjlfl.  Germ.  Pantoffel, 
Dutch  fattitffel.  The  stem  seems  to  have  been  a 
form  like  Fr.  patte,  Span,  papa,  Proven^,  panfa, 
foot,  with  a  suffix  seen  in  Provenc.  manouflt\  a  kind 
of  glove.  But  the  word  may  be  a  coined  one,  viz. 
from  Gr.  Tray  and  $eAA6?,  cork. 

Pantdgrafo  in. ;  copying-machine. 

Pantomim-ay^;  as  E.     Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Pantondo    m. ;    wheaten    roll, 
gravidp,   roll    cut    and    made    into    a 
sandwich. 

Panunto  m. ;  i.q.  Pansanto.  Libro 
del  — ,  cookery-book. 

Panurgo  in.  (Gr.  navovpyos) ;  shar- 
per. 

Panza  /  ;  =  Pancia,  belly. 

tPanzacchia/;  =  Carnaccia,  inferior  meat. 

Panzana  /  (**pantiana,<m\t.  pan- 
tanus,  v.  Pantano);  I.  =  Pillacchera, 
splash.  2.  =  Fandonia,  lie,  made-up 
story. 

PanzaneJla/;  i.  Pane  lavato,  v. 
Pane  (20),  with  onion  or  basil  added. 
2.  slice  of  bread  rubbed  on  garlic  and 
dipped  in  new  oil. 

PanzeayC:  (oat.)  pansy,  v.  Pensieri. 

*  Panz-erola  dim.,  *  -erone  augtn.,  of  -iera. 

Panziera/;  i.=Zacchera,  splash 
on  a  dress.  2.  =  Corazza,  cuirass. 

*  Panzirone  tn. ;  i.  =  Panzerone.   ii.  net  for  birds. 
Paol^tto  m. ;   dim.  scherz.  of  Paolo,  with  no 

change  of  sense. 

Paolin-0  m. ;  I.  (ornith.}  peewit,  Vn- 
nellus  cristatus.  2.  Nuovo  — ,  young 
innocent,  greenhorn  ;  Gente  -a,  simple- 
minded  people.  3.  L'  armaddio  di  San 
— ,  i.e.  where  there  is  room  for  every- 
body. 

Paolista  ;//.;  v.  Teatino. 

Paolo  m.;  i.  Paul.  2.  name  of 
a  silver  Tuscan  coin  worth  56  centesimi, 


as  large  as  a  halfpenny  but  thinner. 
Since  there  were  also  Roman  pauls 
worth  38  quattrini,  whilst  the  Tuscan 
were  worth  40,  the  Roman  paul  was 
distinguished  as  the  Paolo  di  trentotto, 
which  then  came  also  to  signify  an 
untrustworthy  person.  The  name  of 
the  coins  is  from  that  of  Pope  Paul  V 
(1605 — 21)  who  was  the  first  to  mint 
them ;  it  is  still  to  be  heard  in  Rome  as 
the  equivalent  for  half  a  lira. 

Paol6tto ;  i.  of  the  congregation 
of  St  Vincent  de  Paul.  2.  spreg.  ex- 
cessively pious,  or  hypocritical. 

Paonazzo,  Pavonazzo ;  purple. 

Paoncella  y;;  =  Colombella,  wood-pigeon. 

Paone  in. ;  pop.  for  Pavone,  pea- 
cock. 

Papa  m. ;—  Babbo,  father,  papa. 

Pap-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.  ncm-nat,  father); 
i.  Pope;  Come  un  — ,  as  happy  as  a 
king;  Fare  il  — ,  to  sit  at  one's  ease; 
L'  ora  del  — ,  time  for  a  snooze  after 
dinner.  2.  head  of  other  churches 
than  the  Roman.  3.  name  of  several 
cards  at  the  game  of  Minchiate,  which 
from  —  due,  down  to  —  cinque,  count 
for  something,  whereas  those  from  — 
sei  to  —  dodici  count  nothing,  except 

*  dieci,  which   counts   5  ;    hence  the 
prov.   Contare  quanto   il   —   sei   nelle 
minchiate,  i.e.  to  have  no  weight,  count 
for  nothing;   So,  Esser  il  —  sei  della 
brigata,  to  be  the  butt  of  the  company ; 
Zitti  a  -i,  to  make  no  declaration  with 
those    cards.      4.    high   priest   of   the 
ancient  law.     5.    Pontifex  maximus  of 
ancient    Rome.     tPesce   — ,   streaked 
gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5,/). 

Aff.  -/tbile  eligible  as  Pope,  -accio  pegg. 
t  Papafigo  m. ;  (w<zr.)  =  Velaccio,  top-gallant  sail. 
t  Papaga  m.  (var.  of  Pappagallo) ;   —  de  mar, 
Venetian  term  for  several  species   of  fish,    ///.   sea 
butterfly,  v.  Donzella  (2),  Labbro,  Crenilabro. 

t  Papagallo  m. ;  (/«rtr.)=Gancio  a  scocco,  slip- 
hook. 

Papaia  f.  (native  name) ;  (tint.)  papaw  tree, 
Peruvian  melon,  Carica  Papaya. 

Papile  ;  papal.  *i.  Alia  — ,  openly,  ii.  =Pa- 
palino.  iii.  a  variety  of  pear. 

Papaliua  /. ;  i.  a  kind  of  fez  or 
loose  cap  for  house  wear,  similar  to  the 
Camauro  of  the  Pope,  whence  the  name. 
2.  =  Zuccotto,  skull-cap.  3.  =  Scudo 
papale,  the  coin. 

Papalino ;  adherent  to  the  Pope  in 
politics.  As  sl>.,  i.q.  Papalina  (i). 

*  Paparo  in. ;  =  Papero,  gosling. 

Papasso  fir.',  nickname  for  priest  given  by 
Mahomedans  to  Christians  and  vice  versa.  *  =Ca- 
porione,  leader.  Gioco  del  — ,  folluw-my-leader. 

Papato  M.  ;  i.  Papacy.  2.  com- 
fortable position  in  life. 

Papaverp  m.  (L.);  (hot.)  i.  poppy, 
Papaver;  fig.  good-for-nothing  fellow. 
2.  -  rosso  de'  campi,  corn-poppy, 
Papaver  rhoeas,  also  termed  Hamba- 
gelle,  Rosolaccio,  Bttbbiolini,  Rosetto 
de'  frumenti.  3.  --  cornuto  marine, 
horn-poppy,  Chelidonium  glaucum.  4. 
—  messicano,  Mexican  poppy,  v.  Arge- 
mone(2).  5.  — cimbrico,  Welsh  poppy, 
Meconopsis  cambrica. 

*  i.  Votare  il  — ,  to  clean  (a  person)  out.    it.  A 
seme  di  — ,  in  great  quantity. 

S3—2 


420 


PAPE— PARAGGIO 


Pape;  a  word  put  by  Dante  into 
the  mouth  of  Plutus  (Inf.  7.  i).  The 
meaning,  if  any,  is  unknown  :  probably 
the  verse  was  intended  to  be  gibberish 
to  the  reader,  though  Virgil  is  supposed 
to  understand  it ;  for  the  various  sug- 
gestions which  have  been  made  see 
lilanc,  Vocab.  dantesco. 

tPapecia/!;  =  Farfalla,  butterfly. 
tPapeio  111. ;  i.    papyrus,     ii.    wick  of  a  lamp, 
iii.  fig.  light. 

Papera/;  i.  v.  Papero.  2.  fig. 
silly  woman.  3.  mistake. 

Paper-ello,  -fno  m. ;  dim.  Papero. 

Paperfn-a/,  -o  tn.\  \.  (hot.}  chick- 
weed,  TJ.  Centocchi.  2.  v.  Paperello. 

Paperling  tn. ;  (ontith.)  an  American  song-bird, 
Dolichonix  oryzioriits. 

Paper-o  »/.,  -a  / ;  gosling. 

Etym.  dub.     Either  imit.  or  from  It.  pappa. 
Paper-6ne  in.,  -ona/;  augm.  Papera,  Papero. 
Paperottolo  m. ;    i.    dim.    Papero.     2.    dint, 
spieg.  Pap. 

Papesco ;  spreg.  papistical. 

Pape'ssa  / ;  i .  woman  Pope.  2. 
(schers.)  woman  very  comfortably  off. 
3.  the  Papessa  at  the  game  of  Min- 
chiate. 

Papetto  m. ',  oitl  papal  coin  =  two  pauls,  about 
ten  pence. 

Papicey?  (1..  papex);  (inert. )  heat-spots. 

Papie,  PappiS  m. ;  iron,  spreg.  long 
document. 

Papfli-o,  -6ne  (Papiglione)  ;//.  (L.); 
=  Farfalla,  butterfly. 

Papill-a_/  (L.);  papilla.     Aff.  -are,  -oso. 
Papino  in.  (dim.   Papa);    i.    the  tirst  Tarocco 
at  the  game  of  Minchiate.     2.   at  billiards,  miscuc. 
tPapio  jit. ;=Lucignolo,  wick. 
Pap|6ne  m. ;  a  genus  of  monkeys. 
Papiraceo  ;  (.tin/if.)  spongy  (bone). 

Papiro  in.  (L.,<Gr.,  orig.  an  Egyp- 
tian word);  i.  papyrus.  2.  quasi-fig. 
old  torn  paper.  t=Lucignolo,  wick. 

Pap-i&mo    in. ;    sfreg.     papacy,    as    political 
system.     AJf.  -ista,  -istico. 
*  Papizzare  ;  to  be  Pope. 
Pap6ne  tit. ;  augm.  Papa,  great  Pope. 

Pappa/  (L.,  imit.< infant's  cry  for 
food);  i.  soaked  bread,  pap;  —  frullata, 
pap  with  egg ;  —  e  latte,  bread  and 
milk;  —  senza  sale,  silly  fool.  Prov. 
La  —  scodellata  place  a  tutti,  everybody 
likes  pap  in  a  bowl,  i.e.  likes  what  gives 
little  trouble  ;  Mangiare  la  —  in  capo 
a  uno,  to  be  taller  than  he,  or  fig.  to 
be  his  master;  Dar  —  e  cena  ad  uno, 
to  be  his  superior,  e.g.  at  billiards ; 
Discorsi  che  fanno  venir  su  la  prima 
— ,  language  that  makes  one  sick; 
Soffiare  nella  —  ,  to  be  a  spy.  2.  starch 
for  getting  up  linen. 

Pappacchi6ne  m. ;  greedy  eater. 

Pappaceci  m. ;  silly  ass  ;    Mangiare 
a  — ,  to  gulp  down,  ftp.  mjig.  sense,  to 
be  taken  in  (by  lies);  Fare  a  — ,  boys' 
game  of  throwing  up  figs  and  catching  • 
them  in  the  mouth. 

*  Cascare  in  bocca  a  — ,  of  a  piece  of  good  fortune, 
to  drop  into  one's  mouth. 

Pappafico  m.  (etym.  unkn.);  i.= 
Cappuccio,  hood.  2.  diver's  helmet. 
3.  (mar.)  sky-sail. 

Pappagall-o  m. ;  parrot.  Aff.  -eria, 
-escame'nte,  -dsco,  -dssa,  -ino  dim. 

Etym.     Prof',   a  compound  of  which    the  first 


part  is  imitative,  c/>.  Germ,  pappeln,  E.  babble,  so 
that  it  means  "babbling  cock,"  v.  Skeat,  SH/I  Popin- 
jay, which  is  the  same  word  with  Fr.ff<-ai  substituted 
for  gallo.  The  L.  fsittacus  disappeared  from  the 
Romance  languages,  though  it  passed  into  German 
in  the  nth  century  and  persisted  until  the  i8th. 

Pappagbrgia  /  (lit.  food  throat) ; 
I.  double  chin.  2.  wattles  of  a  turkey. 
*a  kind  of  dagger. 

*  Pappalardo  in.  (Fr.  pnpelard,  hypocritical,  < 
O.  Fr.  paper,  to  eat,  +  lard,  meaning  one  who  fasts 
it]    public    and    guz/les    in    secret);     i.     hypocrite, 
ii.  glazier,     iii.  =  Mostaccione. 

•Pappalasagne  in. ;=  Pappaceci. 

*  Pappalecco  in. ;  i.  =  Leccornia,  titbit,     ii.  food 
in  general. 

*  Pappalefave  j  good  for  nothing. 

*  Pappamillesimi  ;«.;  scherz.  book-worm. 
Pappam6sca/I;  =  Cutti,  grey-headed  wagtail. 
Pappardella  f. ;  =  Sciabica,  moor-hen. 

Pappardelle  /  //.  (It.  pappare) ; 
jugged  hare  with  strips  of  macaroni, 
Lasagne.  Condotto  delle  — ,  scherz. 
the  throat.  Stare  in  — ,  to  be  in 
clover. 

*  Pappardo ;  =  Papavero,  poppy. 

Papp-are  (It.  pappa);  spreg.  or 
schers.  to  gulp  down,  -a  tu  che  -o  io, 
let  us  both  do  a  bit  of  cheating.  Oues- 
tione  di  — !  it  is  a  question  of  how 
much  is  to  be  got.  —  vivo,  to  answer 
sharply ;  Non  rni  —  vivo,  don't  eat  me 
alive. 

*Pappa-stricoli,    -stronzoli  in.  //. ;  roots  of 
wild  plants  collected  for  food. 

Pappata  /  ;  a  good  meal. 

Pappataci  in.  (It.  pappare,  tacere) ;  husband 
who  shuts  his  eyes  to  his  wife's  infidelities. 

Pappatoio  ///. ;  stii  ring-pole  in  a  smelting 
furnace. 

Pappa-t6re,  -t6ra,  -trice ;  v.  Pappare. 

Pappatbria  /;  i.  good  dinner. 
2.  half-fraudulent  device  for  obtaining 
revenue,  such  as  the  government  lot- 
teries. 

Pappettina  f.;  dim.  vezz.  Pappa. 

Pappfna/;  i.  dim.  Pappa.  2.  Jig. 
a  scolding. 

Papplno  m.  ;  infirmary  attendant. 
Pappio  m.  ;  a  grand  feast. 

Pappo  in. ;  (A)  child's  word  for  bread.  (B)  (Gr. 
Trajnros,  down);  (fof.)  pappus,  the  rudimentary  calyx 
in  the  Ctmifiositac. 

*  Pappocc ia  f. ;  augm.  Pappa. 

Pappolata  /  ;  i .  food  over-cooked 
into  a  jelly.  2.  inane  talk. 

Pappoleggio  ;;/. ;  a  term  at  Minchiate;  if  a 
player  turns  up  the  middle  card  of  a  sequence  of 
three,  he  having  the  other  two  already,  he  makes 
a  Pappoleggio  and  wins  that  round.  Far  a  — , 
i.t.  to  play  at  Minchiate. 

Pappoldne  ///. ;  i .  i.q.  Pappone. 
2.  fig.  chatterer. 

Pappona/;  i.  augm.  Pappa.     2.  v.  Pappone. 

Papp6n-e  m.,  -a/;  i.  great  eater. 
2.  one  who  makes  illicit  profits  in  a 
public  office. 

Papp6so  ;  v.  Pappo  (B). 

*  PappucciayC;  v.  Babbuccia,  slipper. 
Paprica  /.;   an  Hungarian  preparation  of  red 

pepper. 

Papuano  ;  Mongolian  negro  half-breed. 
Papuasiayl;  (geogr.)  Papua. 
Papula/  (L.);  pimple. 

*  Paray^;  =  Parata,  defence. 

Parabase  f.  (Gr.);  the  parabasis  of  old  Gr. 
comedy. 

Parabola/  (L.,<  Gr.)  ;  i.  parable.  2.  parabola. 
*  —  Parola. 

Parabol-ano:  chatterer,  -ico ;  i.  parabolic. 
2.  (M.)  ovate  and  very  obtuse  (leaf).  -6lde,  -6ne 
(i.y.  -ano) ;  r1.  Par.tbola. 


Parab6rdo  m. ;  (mar.)  fender,  skid. 
Paracadute  m. ;    i.   parachute.    2. 
fig.  safeguard. 

Paracalci  m. ;  kicking-strap. 
Paracalli  ;;/. ;  corn-protector  on  the 


feet. 

Paracammin-etto,  -o  m. ;  cover  for 
a  fireplace,  when  there  is  no  fire. 

Paracarro  m. ;  in//. :  i.  way-posts, 
fixed  at  intervals  along  the  side  of  a 
road.  2.  iron  projections  from  the 
posts  of  a  gate  to  prevent  vehicles  from 
hitting  the  posts  themselves. 

Paracelo  m. ;  v.  Paracielo. 

Paracenere  ;«. ;  fender  before  a 
fireplace. 

Paracentesi  /  ;  (surf.)  as  E. 

Paracera  m. ;  person  attending  to 
the  candles  in  a  procession. 

Paracielo  in. ;  any  kind  pf  canopy, 
such  as  the  sounding-board  over  a 
pulpit,  the  tilt  of  a  waggon,  etc. 

*  Paracimeno  m.  (Gr.  irapoxeiVtyos) ;  the  per- 
fect passive  of  a  Gr.   verb. 

Paracleto  (Paraclito)  m.  (Gr.);  the  Paraclete. 

Parac61pi  m. ;  buffer. 
Paracqua  m. ;  umbrella. 

Paracuore  ;//. ;  Inng,  of  animals. 

*  Parada   in. ;    i.    quarter-deck,      ii.    a    sort    of 
pleasure-ship. 

Paradisea  f. ;  bird  of  Paradise. 

Paradis-iaco  adj.,  -ino  dim.;  v.  -p. 

Paradis-o  tn.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Persian,  <  Zend 
fairi,  =  Gr.  jrtpi,  -f-  diz,  to  mould;  hence  to  form  a 
wall  of  earth,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning  is  "en- 
closure'); paradise.  Via  del  — ,  a  prayer-book. 
Volere  entrar  in  —  a  dispclto  a'  santi,  i.e.  to  push  in 
where  one  is  not  wanted.  As  adj.,  Pera  -a,  a  variety 
of  pear. 

*i.  garden,  ii.  (arch.)  the  atrium  and  portico  of 
a  church,  iii.  Far  andare  in  — ,  to  price  very  high, 
iv.  (mar.)  state-room,  v.  pleasure-yacht. 

*  Paradocco  in. ;  some  kind  of  card-game. 
Paradbre  tn.;  (arc/i.)  the  timbers  constituting 

the  faces  of  a  groyne. 

Paradoss-o  m. ;  paradox.     Aff.  -ale,  -ista. 

Parafalde  m.  ;  edging,  braid  of  a 
coat. 

Parafango  m. ;  mud-guard. 

ParafernayC  (mlt.  parapfi£rna,<Gr.  irapa,-f 
•b*ftv*t,  dowry);  (leg.)  married  woman's  separate 
property. 

Parafla/  (Fr. paraphe,<m\\.. para- 
;     for    paragraphus,  <  Gr.     napa- 
');  flourish  in  a  legal  document  or 
signature. 

Paraffin  -a  f.,  -o  m. ;  paraftin,  a  substance  dis- 
covered by  Reichenbach  in  1831  and  named  from  its 
small  affinity  (1,.  parnm  affinis)  to  an  alkali. 

Parafiamme  in.;  baffle-plate  of  the  fire-door  to 
the  furnace  of  a  boiler. 

Parafbco  in.;  i .  i.q.  Paracam- 
minetto.  2.  fire-screen. 

Parafrasare  ind.  parafraso ;  to  paraphrase. 
Aff.  Parafr-asi,  -aste,  -asticamente,  astico. 

*  Parafreniere  in. ;  =  Palafreniere,  groom. 

Parafulmine  ;;/. ;  lightning-con- 
ductor. 

Parafumo  ;//. ;  talc  for  a  lamp- 
chimney. 

*  Paragatto  ;  t:  Parafbco. 

Paragg-io  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  parage, 
<Span.  />ar«;V,<Span.  parar,  to  stop, 
///.  therefore,  stopping-place,  <L.  pa- 
rare,  to  get  ready,  but  specialised  in  its 


PARAGO— PARATASCHE 


421 


Romance  derivatives  into  the  sense  of 
getting  defence  ready  and  so  into  that 
of  stopping,  cp.  supra  Imparare,  Im- 
perare)  only  used  in//.,  -i ;  i.  latitudes, 
regions  of  the  sea  near  some  gi ven 
locality.  2.  fig.  unusual  place  for  a 
person  to  be  found  in ;  Che  fai  in 
questi  -i?  What  are  you  doing  here- 
abouts? 

*(B)  (bit.  paraticum,  <  L.  par);  i.  =Paragone, 
fellow,  parallel ;  Maggio  non  ha  — ,  there  is  nothing 
equal  to  May;  A  —  di,  in  comparison  with. 
ii.  equality;  D'  un  — ,  as  adj.,  equal,  or  as  adv., 
equally,  similarly,  iii.  condition,  status  ;  Del  suo  — , 
of  standing  equal  to  his  own,  of  his  own  class, 
iv.  =  Parcntela,  kindred. 

Parago  m. ;  v.  Pagro. 

Parag6g-e  f.  (Gr.);  (gram.)  adding  an  un- 
necessary syllable  or  letter  to  a  word.  e.g.  Mene  for 
Me.  Aff.  -ico. 

Paragon-are  (Gr.,  v.  infra  Para- 
gone);  i.  to  compare.  2.  inlr.  to  be 
equivalent.  3.  to  try  gold  or  silver 
upon  the  touchstone.  Aff.  -ftbile. 

Parag6ne  m. ;  i.  comparison.  2. 
touchstone,  HSU.  Pietra  del  -  3.  fig. 
test,  trial ;  Vennero  al  —  delle  armi, 
they  came  to  the  test  of  arms.  4.  model, 
paragon.  5.  in  pi.,  weights  of  a 
weighing-machine ;  Pare  un  — ,  it  seems 
very  heavy. 

Etym.  Diez,  finding  no  Latin  form  of  this  word 
though  it  occurs  both  in  French  and  Spanish,  thought 
it  was  of  Spanish  origin,  z>iz.  from  the  prepositions 
para,  con,  meaning  "in  comparison  with,"  e.g.  la 
crialura  para  can  el  criador,  the  creature  in  com- 
parison with  the  creator,  whence  el  para  con, 
corrupted  into  paragon,  as  a  sb.,  as  in  E.  "the  why 
and  the  wherefore"  for  "  the  motive."  But  the  verb 
Paragonare  answers  to  the  Gr.  irapoKovata,  to  rub 
against  a  whet-stone,  cucovri,  and  the  meaning  "to 
compare"  springs  very  readily  from  that  of  testing. 
If  both  derivations  are  correct  it  is  a  curious  instance 
of  a  word  with  two  meanings  so  much  akin  and  with 
origins  so  different.  The  Spanish  derivation,  how- 
ever, is  against  history,  since  the  word  occurs  in 
Italian  at  an  earlier  date  than  in  Spanish,  see 
Murray,  New  Engl.  Diet.,  sub  Paragon. 

Paragrafare  ind.  paragrafo ;  to  divide  into 
paragraphs. 

Paragraf-o  m.  (mlt.,<Gr.  irapavpo^ot,  a  line 
or  stroke  in  the  margin,  a  paragraph  mark,  hence 
the  paragraph  itself);  i.  paragraph.  2.  paragraph 
mark.  3.  Combattere  co'  -i,  to  be  an  advocate, 
lawyer.  Aff.  -etto,  -mo  dints. 

Paragrandine  in.;  apparatus  against  hail. 

Paraguai  m.  (L.  paragauda,  laced 
garment,  altered  by  attraction  of  It. 
guaio);  overall,  a  garment  put  on  to  hide 
a  ragged  dress. 

Paraguanto  in.  (a  punning  paraphrase  of 
Mancia) ;  commission,  "tip." 

•Paraio  »i.;=*Paraggio  (iv),  lineage. 
t  Paralacqua  m. ;  umbrella. 
Parali  «/.;  parhelion,  mock  sun. 
Paralipdmeni  <«.//.;  i.  the  title  in  the  Vulgate 
of  the  Book  of  Chronicles.     2.  supplement. 

Paral-isi  or  -isiay;  (Gr.);  as  K.     Aff.  -itico, 

Parall-asse  /.  (Gr.);  (astr.)  parallax.  Aff. 
-actico. 

Parallel-a,  -amente,  -epipedo,  -ismo,  -o, 
-ogrammo  (Gr.);  parallel,  etc. 

Paralog-ismo  m.  (Gr.);  false  reasoning.  Aff. 
-Utico,  -izzare. 

Paralum-e  m. ;  i.  shade  for  the 
eyes.  2.  (mar.)  -\  dei  fanali  laterali, 
side-light  screens,  two  open  casings 
placed  one  on  each  side  above  the 
bulwark  for  reception  of  the  side-lights. 

Paramano  >n. ;  I.  hand-guard  of 
a  foil.  2.  sleeve,  v.  Manopola  (2). 

tParamare  m.;  (mar.)-  Battimare,  wash-board. 
Paramarre    ;;/. :   (mar.)  bill-boards,  for    pro- 
tecting the  sides  of  the  ship  against  the  bills,  flukes 
(Marre)  of  the  anchor,  or  a  covering  on  the  tluki'- 
for  the  same  purpose. 


Paramento  ;«.;  (feel.)  vestment.  *i.  any  rich 
dress,  ii.  trappingsofahor.se. 

*  Paramese/;  the  9th  tone  of  the  old  Greek  scale. 

Parametro  m.  (Gr.)  ;  (math.)  parameter. 

Paramezzale  m. ;  {mar.)  i.  keelson,  a  set  of 
timbers  next  a  ship's  keel.  2.  —  a  cassetta,  or 
tiibnlare,  box  keelson.  3.  —  dei  fiori,  oral  ginocchio, 
bitge  keelson. 

tParamezzaletto  m. ;  =  Paramezzale  (3). 

Paramdsche  m.;  i.  fly-flap.  2.  wire  gauze 
dish-cover. 

Parancare ;  (mar.)  to  bowse,  to  hoist  by 
means  of  a  tackle. 

Paranchinetto  (Palanchinetto)  m.;  Jim,  Pa- 
ranco. 

Paranchino  //;. ;  (mar.)  dim.  Paranco,  jigger, 
Burton,  watch-tackle. 

Paranco  (Palanco)  m.  (bit.  palimca, 
porter's  staff, <Gr.  <£<iXrry£,  pole;  cp. 
Fr.  palan,  O.  Fr.  palancfie);  I.  tackle, 
purchase,  system  of  pulleys  and  ropes ; 

—  di  cima,  yard-tackle,  for  hoisting  in 
artillery  ;    -  -   di   straglio,    stay-tackle  ; 

—  di  coffa,  top  burton  ;    —  di  guardia, 
vang.     Other  kinds  of  tackle  will  be 
found  detailed  in  marine  dictionaries. 
2.  Sotto  — ,  (delivery  of  merchandise) 
"free  over  side"  or  ex  ship. 

tParangal  ;«.;  =  Palangrese. 
*  Parangariay!;  a  kind  of  serfdom. 
Parang6ne  m. ;  (print.)  paragon  type. 

Paraninf-0  m.,-a.f.;  i.  bridesman 
or  maid  in  ancient  Rome.  2.  matri- 
monial agent. 

*Paranomasia;  v.  Paronomasia. 

Paranza  f. ;  i.  (»iar.)  small  lateen 
craft.  2.  Imbrogliare  le  vele  alia  . — , 
=  Metier  testa  a  partito,  v.  Partito  (8). 
t  =  Nicchio. 

Etym.  Presumably  <  L.  par,  a  pair,  as  sug- 
gested by  Gnglielmotti,  because  they  usually  go  in 
pairs  for  spreading  large  fishing-nets. 

Paranzana,  Parenzana/  (It.  par- 
are);  (mar.)  preparation  for  departure, 
esp.  of  ships  which  are  going  in  a 
convoy. 

Paranzella  /.;  dim.  Paranza,  small  fishing- 
craft. 

Parabcchi  in,  pi. ;  i.q.  Parocchi, 
blinkers. 

*Paraola./;  i.  =  Parabola,    ii.  ^Parola. 

Para6nde  in.;  (tnar.)  break-water,  fitted  near 
the  bow  of  a  steamer  to  break  the  force  of  a  sea 
shipped  over  the  bows. 

Parapaterazzi  m.;  (mar.)  "channel"  for  the 
back-stays,  v.  Parasartie. 

Parapegma  in.  (Gr.  irapdmrffj.a.) ;  table  of  the 
rising  and  setting  of  stars. 

Parapett-o  m.  (It.  parare,  petto);  parapet. 
*i.  breast-armour,  ii.  =Pavesata.  Aff.  -are  vh., 
-Ino  dim. 


Paraptglia  / ; 
turmoil. 


confusion,    sudden 


Etym.  It.  parare,  pigliare,  from  the  behaviour 
of  persons  jostling  each  other;  che  si  parano  e  si 
pigliano  a  vicenda,  alternately  defending  themselves 
and  hustling  their  neighbours. 

Paraplessiay:  (Gr.  irapair\r)( ia) ;  (mcd.)  para- 
plegia. 

Par-are ;  i.  to  adorn  with  hangings, 
v.  Parato.  2.  to  check,  stop  the  motion 
of,  to  catch  (a  ball),  to  catch  (an  animal 
or  man  that  is  running  away);  -alo  che 
non  vada  sotto,  catch  him  or  he  will 
fall  down.  3.  Non  saper  dove  una 
cosa  vada  a  — ,  not  to  know  what  it 
may  be  coming  to,  what  is  going  to 
become  of  it  in  the  end.  In  this  sense 
it  usually  follows  one  of  the  verbs 
Venire  or  Andare,  but  not  invariably, 
as  in  the  following:  E  per  addurre 
esempii  moderni,  dove  -6  la  gr\ndezza  e 


la  potenza  del  generate  Valestieri,  che 
non  temeva  di  chi  gliele  potesse;  torre  ? 
and  to  quote  modern  instances,  what 
became  of  the  greatness  and  power  of 
General  V.  who  had  no  fear  that  any 
one  would  take  them  from  him?  4.  to 
prevent;  O  chi  ti  -a?  who  is  going  to 
prevent  you?  —  il  lume,  il  sole,  to  keep 
out  the  light,  the  sun,  or  absolutely, 
Parare;  as  Esci  mi  davanti  che  mi  -i, 
move  to  one  side,  you  are  keeping  the 
light  off  me.  5.  —  un  colpo,  to  parry 
a  blow;  —  le  mosche,  to  drive  away 
the  flies;  —  1'  acqua,  to  keep  off  the 
rain;  Venga  qua,  la  -o  io,  won't  you 
come  here  and  let  me  shelter  you  with 
myumbrella?  6.  —  1'  altra  gota,  to  offer  • 
the  other  cheek  (according  to  the 
Gospel  precept);  -a  bocca,  open  your 
mouth ;  —  la  mano,  to  stand  begging, 
or  of  a  boy,  to  hold  out  the  hand  for 
a  caning.  7.  --  il  sacco,  to  help  in 
stealing.  8.  --la  cera,  to  catch  the 
drip  of  the  candles  in  a  procession  in 
a  screwed-up  piece  of  paper. 

-arsi :  9.  (eccl.)  to  put  on  the  vest- 
ments, io.  -arsi  dinanzi,  to  happen  to 
meet;  II  primo  spettacolo  che  mi  si 
-ava  davanti,  the  first  thing  I  chanced 
to  set  my  eyes  upon.  n.  to  defend 
oneself. 

Etym.  L.  parare,  to  prepare,  passing  in  the 
Romance  languages  into  the  special  sense  of  pre- 
paring defence,  hence  to  hinder,  ward  off,  eft.  supra 
Imparare,  Imperare.  Parare  is  perhaps_  akin  to 
parere,  to  bring  forth,  v.  Walde,  sub  Pario. 

Parasanga  f.  (L.,  <Gr.,  <  Persian);  Persian 
mile,  =  4  E.  miles. 

Parasartie  /.  pi.;  (mar.)  "channels,  flat 
pieces  of  wood  or  iron  projecting  horizontally  from 
a  ship's  side  to  spread  the  shrouds  and  keep  them 
clear  from  the  bulwarks. 

t  Parasaula  / ;  =  Trachino,  sting-fish. 

*  Parascalmo  ;//. ;  (w/«r.)=Palischernio,  boat. 

*  Parascerno   m.',   (;«ar.)  =  Paranzello,  tishing- 
boat. 

Parasceve/;  (L.,<Gr.  jrapo*r*ev>i) ;  (ecct.)  the 
day  of  the  preparation,  parasceve,  the  eve  before 
the  Jewish  sabbath ;  sometimes  applied  to  Good 
Kriday. 

Paraschegge  ///.  indecl.;  (mar.)  Scudo  — , 
splinter  screen. 

Parasc6ssa/!;  (»;<tr.)strake,  a  sort  of  auxiliary 
plank  to  the  keelson,  inner  keel. 

•Paraseio  m.;  (««jr.)  =  Controflocco,  flying  Jib. 

Paraselene  in.;  mock  moon. 

Parasita ;  v.  Parassita. 
t  Parasocolo  in. ;  v.  Trachino,  sting-fish. 

Parasdle  in. ;  parasol,  sunshade. 

Parasquadro  in. ;  (mar.)  square-shaped  bulk- 
head. 

'  Para-ssita,  -ssito,  -sita,  -sito  m.  (L.,< 
Gr.  jrapaffiros,  table-companion) ;  parasite.  Aff. 
Parassit-eria,  -ico. 

•Parastatay:  (L.,<Gr.  jrapaorariis) ;  =  Para- 
sartin. 

Parata  f.  (It.  parare);  i.  defence, 
parry;  Restare  in  — ,  of  a  fencer,  to 
remain  on  guard ;  Vedere  la  mala  — , 
to  recognise  that  one  is  in  danger. 
2.  (mil.)  parade.  3.  Di  — ,  showy; 
Carrozza  di  — ,  smart  carriage;  Pranzo 
di  — ,  full-dress  dinner ;*vLetto  di  — , 
bed  on  which  a  deceased  personage 
lies  in  state.  4.  defence-work.  5. 
(hydrant.)  dam.  6.  of  a  horse,  stopping 
short,  being  pulled  up  sharply  by  his 
rider,  as  a  sort  of  showing  off. 

*  i  Far  la  — ,  («)  to  provide  oneself  with  the 
needful,  (*)  to  stand  ready,  (f)=Far  comparita,  to 
make  a  good  show.  ii.  Metier  in  —  ,  =  Esporre,  to 
show.  in.  Star  sulla  — ,  to  speak,  or  act,  with 
caution. 

Paratasche  m. ;  flap  over  a  pocket. 


422 


PARATELLA— PARMA 


Paratella  /  (It.  parare,  to  stop); 
the  bird-net  used  with  the  Paretaio. 

Paratia  /  (It.  parare,  to  protect); 
(mar.)  bulkhead. 

*  Paratieray^;=Cora77a,  cuirass. 
*Paratio  m.  ;=Parata. 

Parato  m. ;  i.  hangings  for  a  bed, 
or  in  church.  2.  (mar.)  wedgeblock. 

Parat6ia  /;  i.  sluice-gate.  2. 
clamper,  damper-plate,  register. 

*  Paratoio  m. ;  object  which  impedes  view. 
Paratdre  »«. ;  11.  Parare  (i). 
ParaturayC;  decoration,  T-.  Parare(t). 

*  Paraulay:;=Parola. 

Paraurto  m. ;  =  Paracolpi,  buffer. 
Paravento  m. ;  screen. 

*  Paravieri  w.;  =  Sparviere,  hawk. 

*  Paravolo  f. ;  =  Parola. 

Paraz6nio  HI.  (L.,<Gr.  n-apa^ufioc) ;  short 
sword  carried  at  the  girdle  by  the  ancient  Romans. 

Parazz-o  m.;  whitebait,  Clupea  latuliis.  Aff. 
-ino  dim. 

Parca  / ;  Fate,  as  goddess. 

Parcamente ;  sparingly. 

Parcare  ;  (mil.)  to  collect,  T.  Parco. 

Parcella/;=Notula,  bill. 

Parco  (A)  m. ;  i.  park.  2.  enclosure  for  wild 
animals.  3.  (mil.)  park  of  artillery. 

Etyin.  dub.  The  word  is  common  in  Teutonic 
tongues,  as  Dutch  perk,  Swed.  anil  Danish  fark, 
Germ.  P/erch.  and  is  probably  Teutonic,  cp.  middle 
E.  pan-en,  to  enclose.  Hence  probably  late  L. 
parctts,  purricus,  an  enclosure,  whence  Fr.  pure, 
it  parco,  Span,  pargue  (Skeat). 

(R)  (L.  parcits,  cp.  E.  spare);  frugal. 
*i.    slow,  D.  Purg.  ii.  45.     ii.   secretary  of  the 
Vatican  chancery,  7'.  Abbreviatore  (2). 

•Pardiglio   m. ;    i.    dark  grey.     ii.  =Bardiglio, 
marble. 

Pardo  m.  (L.,  <Gr.,  but  frig,  oriental);  — ,  or 
Gatto  — ,  leopard. 

*  Parccchiare  ;~  Apparecchiare,  to  get  ready. 
Parecchi-etto,    -no  ;    dim.     Parecchio,    some 

few. 

Pare'ccbio  (bit.  pariculus,  Mm.  of 
L.  par);  \.  some;  in  pi.,  several. 
2.  as  a  gnasi-sb.,  Di  qui  a  Prato  c'  e 
tuttora  — ,  we  are  still  a  good  way  from 
Prato.  3.  as  adv.,  considerably.  *si- 
milar,  D.  Purg.  15.  18. 

Pareggi-are  in<1.  pardggio  (L.  par, 
with  verbal  suffix);  I.  to  be  or  make 
equal,  or  level ;  —  una  scuola,  to  put 
a  private  school  on  the  same  footing, 
with  regard  to  the  legal  effect  of  its 
certificates,  as  one  under  the  Govern- 
ment ;  —  le  strade,  to  give  the  roads 
a  level  surface ;  Vieni  stasera  al  banco 
e  ci  pareggeremo,  come  to  the  office 
this  evening  and  we  will  square  up. 
2.  to  compare.  Aff.  -dbile,  -amento, 
-atore,  -atnce. 

Pareggio  in. ;  equilibrium  of  income 
and  outgo. 

*i.  =Pari.      ii.    Far  — ,  to  compare,     iii.  =*Pa- 
raggio. 

•Pareglio  m.;    i.    T.    Parelio.      ii.    similar,  v. 
*  Parecchio. 

Paregdrico  (Or.)  ;  (mal.)  paregoric,  opiate. 

Parelio  m.  (Gr.  n-apa,  ijAios) ;  parhelion,  mock 
sun. 

Parella/;  (A)  (mar.)  also  termed  Palella  or 
Palellatura,  scarf,  that  part  which  is  cut  away  from 
two  timbers  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  longitudinal 
joint  between  them. 

(B)  (bat.)  (Fr.  parelk,  <  mlt.  paratclla,  dock); 
i.  =Oricello.  2.  patience  dock,  Rumex  patientia. 

Par^mbola  f.  (Gr.);  ball  for  throwing,  in 
gymnastics. 

Parenchim-a  m.  (Gr.  irapey^u/ia,  a  name 
given  by  Krasistratus,  300 — 250  B.C.);  i.  (anat.) 
connective  tissue  of  the  glands.  2.  (&>/.)parenchyma, 
cellular  tissue  which  has  a  spheroidal,  not  tubular, 
form.  Aff.  -atoso. 

Paren-esiy;  (Gr.  TrapoiVeiris);  warning.  Aff. 
-etico. 


Parent-ado,  -ato  m.  ;  I.  relationship. 
2.  lineage.  3.  marriage;  Far  —  ,  to 
become  related  by  marriage. 

*  Parentaggio  m.  ;=  Parentado. 

Parental-e  ;  Feste  -i,  or  -i  as  m.  pi., 
keeping  a  holiday,  in  ancient  Rome,  in 
honour  of  deceased  parents,  or  in  modern 
times  in  honour  of  any  distinguished 
person. 

*  Parentanza  f.\  tribe. 

*  Parentare  ;  to  pay  funeral  honours  (strictly,  to 
one's  parents,  but  also  generally), 

Parente  m.  or  /  (L.)  ;  relative.  In 
//.,  parents. 

Parentela  /;  i.  relationship.  2. 
relations.  3.  likeness.  4.  (grain.) 
affinity  between  letters  so  that  they  are 
readily  interchanged,  as  when  Sanza 
became  Senza. 

•Parent-enza,  -eriay:;  =  Parentado. 

Parentesi/  (Or.);  i.  parenthesis,  or  the  mark 
therefor.  2.  ($c//iT£.)=Fedine,  whiskers. 

•Parentevole;  i.  affectionate,     ii.  familiar. 

*Parent-ezzay;;  =  -ado.     *-iccio///.;  relative. 

•Parentorio  ;//.  ;    i.  =  Perentorio.     ii.  =  Paren- 
tado. 

*  ParenzayC;  —  Apparenza. 
Parenzana/;  (;//ar.)=Paran7ana. 
Pareraccio  nl.',  pegg.  Parere,  b.ul  opinion. 


ind.  paio  pari  pare  paiiimo 
or  paridmo  pardte  pdiono,  impcrf.  pa- 
rdvo,  per/.  parvi  or  parsi  pardsti  parve 
or  parse  pardmmo  pardste  p.lrvero,  fut. 
parro  parrai  parra  parrdmo  parrdte 
parranno,  imperal.  pari  paia  paiamo 
pardte  paiano,  subj.  paia  paia  paia 
paidmo  pai^te  paiano,  cond.  parrei 
parrdsti  parrebbe  parrdmmo  parrdste 
parrebbero,  perf.  subj.  pardssi  pardssi 
pardsse  pardssimo  pardste  pardssero, 
pres.  part,  parendo,  past  part,  parso  or 
*paruto  (L.)  ;  to  appear.  Se  vi  pare,  if 
it  seems  to  you  right.  Mi  pare  assai, 
I  am  surprised  at  it.  Per  non  parere, 
so  as  to  avoid  exciting  suspicion.  Per 
parere  che  =  Quasi  che,  Come  se,  as  if; 
Per  parere  che  non  1'  abbia  avvertito, 
as  if  I  had  not  told  him. 

As  sb.  :  i.  opinion,  judgment.  2. 
written  opinion  by  a  lawyer. 

Parfcrgow.  (Gr.);  i.  (arch.)  adjunct. 
2.  digression. 

Paretaio  m.  (It.  parete,  the  net 
being  likened  to  a  wall)  ;  trap  consisting 
of  a  net  placed  over  hazel  boughs  to 
which  birds  are  decoyed.  Par  preso  al 
—  ,  he  looks  very  thin. 

*i.  Fare  un  —  ,  to  make  a  great  chattering. 
ii.  Porre  nn  —  ,  to  stand  still,  iii.  —  del  Nemi,  the 
gallows. 

Paretaria^;=Parietaria,  pellitory. 

Pardte  /  (L.  paries);  i.  wall,  esp. 
of  a  room,  internal  surface.  2.  in 
weaving,  either  of  the  two  sets  of  threads 
which  compose  the  warp.  3.  horse's 
hoof. 

*i.  orb  of  a  planet,  ii.  net  of  a  Paretaio.  t  ditch 
in  a  wood. 

Paretella  /  ;  =  Retino,  net  of  a 
Paretaio. 

t  Paret6ne  «/.  ;  heavy  bank  of  clouds. 

*  Parevple  ;  i.  apparent,     ii.  suitable. 

*  Parezio,  Paretio  «/.;=  Parete,  wall. 
Parezza  f.  ;  =  Parita. 

Pargol-O  ;;/.  (L.  parvulus);  baby. 
Aff.  -eggiare  ind.  -dggio,  -etto  dim. 


Pari(L./«r);  i.  equal.  2.  (numero) 
— ,  even,  as  opposed  to  Dispari  or  Caffo, 
odd.  3.  in  pi.,  quits.  4.  Levarla  or 
Levarne  del  — ,  to  finish  without  either 
gain  or  loss,  v.  Levarsi  (7).  5.  A  pie 
— ,  with  the  feet  together.  Saltare  a 
pie  — ,  of  a  commentator,  to  skip  over 
(a  difficulty).  6.  -  — ,  (a)  iron,  coolly ; 
Me  gli  vidi  capitare  a  casa  —  — •  e  vi 
stettero  per  un  mese  intero,  they  just 
walked  into  my  house  and  there  they 
stayed  for  a  month,  (b)  without  altera- 
tion ;  I  modi  di  Orazio  quel  poeta  te 
gli  scodella  —  -  ne  suoi  versi,  he  is 
a  poet  who  dishes  you  up  bits  of  Horace 
in  his  own  verses  without  the  slightest 
alteration.  7.  as  sb.,  equality.  8.  Un 
—  mio,  a  person  like  me.  9.  A  un  — , 
on  a  level ;  Cinque  stanze  a  un  — ,  five 
rooms  on  the  same  level ;  Al  — ,  at  par. 

10.  peer    (of    England,    or    France). 

11.  (mar.)  as  sb.  pi.,  men  of  the  port 
watch. 

Paria  (A)  »t.  (Tamil  word) ;  pariah. 
(B)  /  ;  peerage. 

Piride,  Paris  /.;  (fol.)  herb  Paris,  Paris 
qnadrifolia. 

Parietaria  (Paretaria,  Paritaria)/.  (L.);  (M.) 
pellitory  of  the  wall,  v.  Erba  (158). 

Parificare  ;=  Pareggiare,  to  equalise. 

Parigina  f.\  i.  (print.)  pearl  type,  -'.  Camt- 
lere  (3).  2.  apparatus  for  keeping  things  hot  several 
hours  without  fuel,  Norwegian  stove. 

Parigino ;  Parisian.    As*£. ,  an  old  French  coin. 

Pariglia  /;  pair.  Rendere  la  — , 
to  give  tit  for  tat. 

Pariglina  f. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Pariglia.  2.  ex- 
tract of  sarsaparilla. 

Pariglio  in. ',=  Paragone. 

Parime'n.t-e,  -i;  i.  likewise.  2.  at 
the  same  time.  3.  equally. 

*  Parimento  w.;=Parere,  opinion. 
Pario ;  Parian. 

Paris  ;  v.  Paride. 

Parisillabo  ;  with  like  number  of  syllables. 

Parita  f.\  equality,  parity.     *  =  Paragone. 

*  Paritaria  f. ;  =  Parielaria,  pellitory. 
Parizola  J£;  =  CincialIegra,  tit. 
Parlabile ;  speakable. 

Parlacchiaro  m.:  one  who  speaks  his  mind. 

*  Parlacocco  m.\  dicing. 

*Parlagio,  Parlascio  tit. ;  parliament  house. 

Parlament-are  ;  i.  adj.,  as  E.  As  r>6.:  2.  to 
discuss.  3.  to  speak  in  public.  4.  to  parley. 
5.  (mar.)  to  speak  to  another  ship. 

Parlamentarip  ;  authorised  to  parley. 

Parlamentarismo  in. ;  Parliamentary  govern- 
ment. 

Parlament-o  ;«.;  Parliament.  *i.  (mar.) 
speaking  between  ships,  ii.  audience-room,  iii.  dis- 
cussion. Aff.^  -ino  dim. 

Parlantiere  m. ;  chatterer. 

Parlantina  /  ;  I.  indiscreet  loqua- 
city. 2.  pop.  —  Ramanzina,  a  talking 
to. 

Parl-are  (bit.  parabolarc);  \.  to 
speak ;  —  fuor  de'  denti,  to  speak 
angrily ;  -arsi,  of  a  young  couple,  to 
"keep  company";  Armi  -anti,  (herald.) 
arms  with  a  punning  reference  to  the 
name  of  the  user;  (Confetti)  -anti, 
containing  a  motto.  2.  Part,  -ato,  as 
sb.,  clove-hitch,  i*.  Nodo  (5). 

*  Parlaresco  ;  (mvs.)  ~  Recitativo. 

*  Parlascio  ;  r-.  Parlagio. 

*ParlasiayT;  (med.)  i.  paralysis,  ii.  epilepsy. 
Parl-ata,  -atore,  -at6ra,  -atdrio  room  where 
a  nun  or  a  prisoner  talks  to  friends  from  outside, 
-atrice,  -atura ;  ?•.  Parlare. 

*Parlesiay;;  (med.)  paralysis. 

*  Parlettiere  m. ;  chatterer. 
Parlucchiare  ;  to  speak  imperfectly. 
Parma  f.  (L.);  circular  shield. 


PARMIGIANINO— PARTITANTE 


423 


Parmigianino  ;//.  ;  the  name  by  which  the 
painter  Mazzuoli  (1503  —  40)  is  usually  known. 

Parmigiano  ;  of  Parma,  Parmesan. 

Paro  w.;=Paio,  pair. 

Parocchetto,  Parrocchetto,  Parrucchetto 
/«.;  (mar.)  foretopmast. 

Pardcchi,  Paradcchi  m.  //.;  blinkers. 

*  Parocismo  ;  v.  Parossismo. 

*  Paroco  ;  v.  Parroco. 

Pared  -ia/  (L.,  <  Gr.  irapc|>«a)  ;  parody.  Aff. 
-iare. 

•Paroffia,  Parroffia/.;  cortege,  train.  At  D. 
Par.  28.  84  the  meaning  is  uncertain  ;  but  it  is 
probably  train,  the  train  of  attendants,  viz.  the  stars, 
see  Vernon's  note  on  the  passage  (W.  Warren  Vernon, 
Readings  on  Dante). 


yi  (L.  parabola,<&\.  irapa- 
/SoXr})  ;  word.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio 
talker,  -etta  dim.  vezz.,  -fna  dim. 

Parolo  ;  a  mode  of  play  where  the 
winnings  are  left  to  accumulate  and 
increase  the  stakes  for  at  least  three 
rounds. 

Parpl-6na./,  augm.,  -6ne  m.t  augm.  spreg. 
bombastic  word,  -uccia  dim,  of  -a. 

PardmayC;  (/war.)  one  of  the  ropes  in  the  rigging 
of  a  Paranzella.  Guglielmotti  gives  sixteen  variants 
of  it,  and  derives  them  all  from  a  compounding  of  Palo 
and  Marra,  but  this  seems  only  a  guess  and  a  very 
unlikely  one. 

*Paronichiay^  (Gr.  irapfaw^ia)  ;  i.  (med.)  whit- 
low, usu.  Panereccio.  ii.  (&7/.)afern,  Aspleniiim  ntta. 
mitraria,  named  from  its  supposed  medicinal  virtues. 

Par6nimo  ;  of  words,  similar  in  sound  but 
different  in  spelling. 

Paronomasia  (Paranomasia)  /.  (Gr.)  ;  a  play 
upon  words  of  slightly  different  sound,  e.g.  Amore, 
Amaro. 

Parossismo  (Paro-sismo  -cismo)  in.  (Gr.)  ; 
paroxysm. 

Parossitono  (Gr.);  paroxytone. 

Par6tidey^  (Gr.)  ;  (anat.)  parotid  gland. 

*  Parpagliola,  Parpaiuolayl  (dim.  of  Lombard 
dialectic  Parpaia,  butterfly,  v.  Farfalla);  a  Lombard 
coin,  =  three  halfpence. 

*  Parpaglione   /«.;    i.    large    moth.     ii.    (mar.) 
topsail. 

*  Parpaiuola  ;  v,  Parpagliola. 

*  Parpallione  m.;  large  moth. 

*  Parpari  in.  ;   correspondence  of  the  parts  of  a 
sentence. 

*Parra/:(L.);  owl. 
Parrasio  ;  Arcadian. 

Parri-cfda  in.  or  /  ;  murderer  of  a 
father  or  other  near  relation.  Aff. 
-cidio,  such  murder. 

Etytn.  L.  parricida,<a.n  earlier  paricidas, 
<  part-  +  caedere  ,  to  slay,  where  part-  means  a 
relative  (not  necessarily  a  father,  as  in  Livy,  "  Vir- 
ginius  occisa  Jilia  ne  se  nt  parr-icidam  liberum 
aversartrntur"),  cp.  Gr.  ITTJOS,  a  relative. 

Parrocchetto  (Parrucchetto,  Peruc- 
chetto)  /«.  (A)  (Span,  periquito,  dim.  of 
perico,  parrot  ;  perico  is  probably  a 
nickname,  dim.  of  Pedro,  Peter);  par- 
rakeet. 

(B);  (miir.)  Albero  di  —  ,  foretop- 
mast. 


/  (mlt.,<Gr.  jrapoiici'a, 
ecclesiastical  district,  <  napd,  O!KOS, 
house,  v.  Vicino);  I.  parish.  2.  parish 
church.  Aff.  -ale,  -alita,  -alme'nte. 

Parroccbi-ano  ;  i.  ///.  parishioner, 
usu.  Popolano.  2.=  -ale.  *  =  Parroco, 
parish  priest. 

Parroco  m.  (A.)  ;  parish  priest. 
(B);  (hist.)  an  official  charged  with  the 
duty  of  finding  a  lodging  for  foreign 
envoys. 

fctym.  Parroco  (B)  is  <  L.  parechus,  <  Gr. 
irapovo?,  <  *o.pi\ia,  to  provide.  The  parockus  was 
a  judge's  marshal  in  the  ancient  Roman  world. 
Parroco,  priest,  is  a  back  formation  from  Parrocchia, 
the  original  word  fur  parish  priest  having  been 
Parroccniano  which  also  meant  parishioner.  Florio 
has  "  Parocchiano,  a  parish  priest,  a  parishioner." 
He  also  has  "  Parrmxhiano,  as  I'arocchiano,"  but 
docs  not  give  Parroco  at  all,  though  he  has  "  Pa- 


rocchij,  were  anciently  such  as  provided  the  Em- 
bassadors  of  great  Princes  that  were  sent  to  Rome  in 
publike  manner,  of  wood,  salt,  bread,  and  other 
necessaries." 

*  Parroffia  ;  v.  Paroffia. 

Parrucc-a pop.  Perrucca/  (L.  pilus, 
hair,  cp.  Span,  peluca,  wig,  Lombard 
pelttch,  tuft  of  hair,  Fr.  perruque,  >  E. 
periwig);  i.  wig.  2.  =  Ramanzina,  but 
stronger,  a  tremendous  talking  to.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Parrucchetto  jn. ;  i.  parrot  tulip,  a  variety  of 
the  common  tulip.  2.  =  Parrocchetto. 

Parrucc-htere  in.;  wig-maker,  -hino  in.; 
dim.  of  -a. 

Parrucc6ne  in. ;  i.  attgm.  Parrucca. 
2.  spreg.  big-wig.  3.  scherz.  reactionary, 
conservative.  4.  =  Zazzerone,  person 
with  too  long  hair. 

Parrucello  m. ;  polishing  stick  for  silk. 
Parsimdnia  f.  (Ij.,<ptirsufft,  supine  of  pa r. 
cere):    frugality. 

Parse  ;  part,  of  Parere. 

Part-accia  /;  i.  odious  part. 
2.  bitter  reproof.  Aff.  -accione,  augin. 
of  -accia  (2). 

Part-e  _f.  (L.,  <  same  root  as  Gr. 
firopov,  aorist  of  **7ro/)a>,  to  give,  cp. 
L.  portio  ;  for  the  change  of  vowel  cp. 
Gr.  apx«">  opxaM°r)  L.  vaster,  vester, 
vortere,  vertere)  ;  i.  part.  2.  party, 
side  ;  Sostenere  le  -i  di,  to  defend  the 
cause  of.  3.  Fare  una  —  ad  uno,  to 
scold  him.  4.  Mettere  or  Dar  —  di, 
to  inform  about.  5.  Essere  a  —  di,  to 
be  informed  about.  6.  Far  —  ad  altri 
di,  to  divide  it  with  him.  7.  Levare 
le  -i,  to  write  out  the  parts  of  a  play. 
8.  Passare  la  — ,  to  pass  beyond  the 
proper  bounds.  9.  Senz'  arte  ne  — , 
utterly  untaught. 

Adverbial  phrases  :  10.  A  — ,  sepa- 
rately, Tiratura  a  — ,  special  impression, 
v.  Tirare  (12).  ii.  A  —  a  — ,  bit  by 
bit.  12.  Da  un  anno  a  questa — ,  =  Da 
un  anno  in  poi,  for  all  the  following 
year.  13.  Da  — ,  aside,  out  of  the 
way  ;  Mettere  da — ,  to  save  up.  14.  Da 
—  a  — ,  right  through,  from  one  side 
to  the  other.  15.  Da  —  mia,  from  me, 
on  my  account.  16.  Da  una  — ,  to  a 
certain  extent ;  Da  una  -  -  io  non 
potevo  dirgli  assolutamente  che  facessi 
cosi,  I  could  not  very  well  tell  him  that 
I  was  doing  this  ;  Da  una  —  e  giusto 
che  chi  deve  avere  abbia,  a  certain 
amount  of  ownership  in  things  is  right. 

17.  D'  altra   — ,  on    the   other   hand. 

18.  Di  —  in  — ,  everywhere.     19.    La 
mia,  tua,  sua,  ecc.,  — ,  a  familiar  mode 
for   very,  but   not   in   commendation  ; 
Superbo     la     sua     — ,     confoundedly 
proud. 

*i.  Esser  — ,  to  be  partial,  ii.  Metter  —  in  uno 
statu,  to  introduce  discords,  iii.  =  Costume,  iv.  = 
Stato.  v.  =  Obbligo.  vi.  =  Risoluzione,  Partito, 
determination,  course,  vii.  =  Particolare.  viii.  A 
qualunque  — ,  in  any  event,  ix.  Ingannnre  alia  — , 
to  deceive  completely,  x.  Di  codesta  — ,  as  to  this, 
xi.  Per  egual  — ,  in  equal  quantity,  xii.  Per  rata 
—  ,  =  PerTa  —  cbe  gli  spetta.  xiii.  —  di  sotto,  =the 
anus  (in  a  horse),  xiv.  Esser  in  —  d'  una  cosa  =  a  — , 
aware  of  it.  xv.  Tener  — ,=Tener  mano,  to  be  the 
accomplice  of.  xvi.  meanwhile ;  E  —  andavam 
forte,  and  meantime  we  went  bravely  on,  D.  Purg. 
21.  io.  xvii.  —  che,  while, 

Partecip-abile  ;  shareable.  AJjf.  -amento,  -are 
to  share,  or  tr.  to  impart,  -atore,  -atnr.i,  -atrice, 
-azione,  -e  sharing  (L.  particeps). 


Parteggi-are  ;  to  share.     Ajf.  -amento. 
*Partenere  ;  =  Appartenere,  to  appertain. 

Parten^vole  ;  (war.)  part  owner. 

Partenio  ;«.;  (l>ot.)  motherwort,  MiitrKaria 
ptirthenium. 

Partenone  m. ;  the  Parthenon  at  Athens. 

Partenopeo  ;  Neapolitan,  from  the  ancient 
name. 

PartenzayC;  departure. 

Parterre  m.  (Fr.  word) ;  flower-garden. 

Partiacqua  »i.;  dyke  between  two  lagoons. 

Partibile ;  divisible. 

Parti-cellayC;  particle,     -cinay!;  small  part. 

Partichittey;  pi. ;  (mar.)  scupper  ports. 

Particip-io  m.  •  participle.     Aff.  -ale. 

Partico  (L.) ;  Parthian. 

Particola  /.  (L.  particuln)  ;  i.  (fed.)  sacra- 
mental wafer.  2.  (leg.)  item. 

Particol-are  ;  particular.  Aff.  -areggiamento, 
-areggiare,  -arita,  -arizzare,  -armcnte. 

Partigiana/;;  partisan,  halberd. 

Etym.  The  cognate  Romance  forms  are  Span. 
ptirtesanti  and  Fr.  pertuisane,  cp.  mlt.  pcrtijcana, 
Swedish  bartisan,  E.  partisan.  Of  these  the  Italian  is 
the  original  and  may  be  simply  the  weapon  with  which 
the  Partigiano  was  armed,  cp.  Rubalda,  helmet, 
probably  from  Rubaldo,  soldier,  and  other  examples 
quoted  by  Diez.  The  French  form  is  an  alteration 
under  the  attraction  of  pe rtuiser,  to  pierce,  in  Rabe- 
lais it  is  parthisaitf. 

Partigian-ame'nte ;  factiously.  -ata 
/ ;  blow  with  a  halberd,  -dllo  or  -6tto 
m.;  petty  adherent,  -eria/;  partisan- 
ship. 

Partigiano  m. ;  partisan. 

Partigian-6ne  /«.;  aug-in.  of -a. 
*  Partigione/J;  i.  partition,    ii.  discord,     iii.  de- 
parture. 

Partimento  ;;/. ;  (WHS.)  exercise  upon  a  figured 
or  non-figured  bass  for  the  study  of  harmony. 

*i.  division,  dividing,  ii.  division,  compartment, 
iii.  transition  from  one  colour  to  another,  iv.  de- 
parture, v.  separation,  partial  divorce. 

Part-ire  ind.  -o  or  -isco,  in  sense  of 
dividing  nsu.  -isco ;  perf,  -ii  ;  parts. 
-endo,  -ito  ;  old  parts.  *-ente,  *-uto  ; 

1.  to   divide.      2.    (chem.)   to   separate 
by   solution   in   aquafortis  ;   Acqua   da 
— ,  aquafortis,  nitrohydrochloric   acid. 
3.  intr.  to  depart ;  -irsi  da,  to  give  up, 
depart  from. 

tPartisoney?;  (mar.)  narrowing,  v.  Rastrema- 
/ione. 

Partit-a/;  I.  quantity,  lot  of  goods. 

2.  entry  of  debits  and  credits  in  a  ledger ; 
Segnato  alia  vostra  — ,  marked  for  entry 
in  your  account ;  Questa  —  devefigurare 
in  cjuell'  altro  conto,  this  entry  should 
be  in  that  other  account ;    —  doppia, 
double  entry.     3.  Chiarire  la  — ,fig.  to 
persuade.     4.  at  games,  one  round,  one 
turn  ;    M'  ha  vinto  sei  -e,  he  has  won 
six  games  from  me  ;  La  —  incomincia, 
play  is  beginning  ;   Una  —  d'  onore,  a 
duel.    5.  a  last  round  of  play,  the  scores 
being  equal.     6.  of  a ^four- wheeled  car- 
riage, —  davanti,  the  front  portion,  — 
di  dietro,  hinder  portion.     7.  with  refe- 
rence to  merchandise,  In  — ,  wholesale. 

*i.  part,  division,  ii.  -Divisa,  uniform,  as  being 
a  dress  divided  into  different  colours,  iii.  party, 
faction. 

Partitaccia /!;/»<£{•.  Partita. 

Partitaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Partito.  E 
stato  un  — ,  fu  vinto  per  un  voto  solo, 
it  was  a  very  questionable  sort  of  de- 
cision, and  was  only  carried  by  one 
vote.  Ha  trovato  marito,  ma  parmi 
un  — ,  she  has  found  a  husband  but 
it  seems  to  me  a  very  poor  match. 

Partitam^nte ;  Scrivere  — ,  to  write 
distinctly. 

Partitante  adj.  or  s6. ;    i.    Io  non 


424 


PARTITARE— PASSANTE 


son  —  di  queste  questioni,  I  take  no  side 
in  these  matters.  2.  partial  to  ;  —  del 
giuoco  di  pallone,  fond  of  the  game  of 
Pallone. 

Partitare  ind.  partfto ;    slang  term 
for  Mettere  a  partito,  to  put  to  the  vote. 

Partitina/  ;  dim.  Partita.     Una  -  - 
di  caffe,  a  small  lot  of  coffee,  for  sale. 
Una  —  al   biliardo,  a  short   game  of 
billiards. 

Partitivo ;  (grain.)  partitive. 

Partit-0  m.  (L.  partitas,  part,  of 
partiri,  to  divide)  ;  I.  party,  esp.  in 
political  sense ;  Prendere  un  — ,  to 
choose  one's  party.  Hence,  2.  course 
of  action  ;  Non  so  che  —  mi  prendere, 
I  do  not  know  what  course  to  pursue  ; 
Veder  ogni  —  vinto,  to  consider  the 
case  desperate.  3.  resource ;  Uomo 
pieno  di  -i,  resourceful  person ;  La 
lingua  italiana  e  ricca  di  -i,  the  Italian 
language  abounds  in  resources.  4.  pro- 
posal, bargain,  terms  ;  Non  voile  ac- 
cettare  a  nessun  — ,  he  would  not  agree 
at  any  price ;  Sebbene  il  —  fosse  utile 
pure  lo  rifiuto,  he  refused  the  proposal 
in  spite  of  its  advantageous  terms  ; 
Prov.  Dal  buon  —  partiti,  take  care 
how  you  accept  an  offer  because  it 
seems  good.  5.  match,  i.e.  either  a 
matrimonial  opportunity,  or  a  person 
regarded  from  that  point  of  view.  6.  pre- 
dicament ;  Ridotto  a  rnal  — ,  in  a  bad 
way.  7.  vote,  by  ballot,  or  otherwise; 
Andare  a  — ,  to  be  voted  upon  ;  Mettere 
a  — ;  to  put  to  the  vote;  Ottenere  or 
Vincere  il  — ,  to  obtain  the  majority  of 
votes.  8.  Mettere  il  cervello,  or  il  capo 
a  — ,  to  settle  down  to  sensible  ways, 
///.  to  set  the  brain  at  forming  resolu- 
tions ;  Ragazzo  mio,  e  tempo  di  mettere 
il  cervello  a  — ,  now,  my  boy,  it  is  time 
that  you  sobered  down.  9.  Mettere  ad 
alcuno  il  cervello  a  — ,  to  call  him  to 
account,  to  bring  him  to  reason  by 
warnings,  threats,  etc.,  cp.  infra  (viii). 
10.  resolve;  A  —  preso,  of  set  purpose, 
deliberately.  1 1.  advantage ;  Daquelle 
due  stanze  ho  tratto  —  per  fare  una 
galleria,  I  availed  myself  of  those  two 
rooms  to  form  a  gallery.  12.  at  a 
game,  odds  ;  Si  giuoca  ai  birilli  ?  Si, 
se  mi  da  — .  Quanto?  Cinque  punti. 
Will  you  have  a  game  of  billiard  skittles  ? 
Yes,  if  you  will  give  me  odds.  How 
much?  Five  points.  13.  Donna  di — , 
prostitute. 

*  i.  referring  to  votes  given  in  favour  of  a  particular 
candidate  ;  Secondo  che  ciascuno  di  loro  ark  ottenuto 
nel  suo  — ,  according  to  the  number  (of  beans)  which 
each  (candidate)  shall  have  secured  in  his  own  favour 
(the  voting  being  by  black  and  white  beans),  ii.  Ad 
ogni  — ,  or  A  quafunque  — ,  in  any  case,  whatever 
happens,  iii.  =  Partita,  q.v.  U).  iv.  juggler's  trick, 
v.  Far  — ,  at  a  game,  to  make  an  agreement,  viz. 
when  one  of  the  players  has  an  advantage  but  not 
enough  to  be  certain  of  winning,  vi.  Fare  un  — _, 
to  propound  a  question  for  decision,  vii.  Far  —  di, 
to  dispose  of  (a  benefice)  by  sale  or  barter,  viii.  Met- 
tere il  cervello  a  —  a  uno,  to  puzzle,  to  confuse  him, 
cp.  supra  (8),  (9).  ix.  Mettersi  a  --,  =  Meuersi  in 
avventura,  to  undertake  an  adventure,  a  risk  ;  Spera- 
vano  passare  si  forniti,  e  ordinal!  al  riparo,  che  non 
s'  assicurarono  di  mettcrsi  a  •— ,  they  hoped  to  go  so 
provided  with  arms  and  so  prepared  with  means  of 
defence  that  they  would  not  feel  (lit.  did  not  assure 
themselves)  that  they  were  running  any  risk;  Met- 
tersi a  —  con  uno,  to  meet  with  some  danger,  some 


unpleasant  adventure,  on  his  account ;  Che  vuoi  _tu 
fare?...facendo  pace  fra  voi,  credo  che  sia  il  ineglio, 
innau/i  che  tu  ti  voglia  mettere  a  —  con  un  uuinn  MI 
soldo,  What  will  you  do?. ..if  peace  be  made  beuv.-en 
you  I  think  it  will  be  best,  rather  than  risk  un 
encounter  with  a  hired  bully,  x.  Piglhr  -  <H  nn.i 
fanciulla,  to  find  a  husband  for  a  girl.  xi._  Recare  a 
—  il  giuoco  vintOj  to  risk  defeat  when  victory  has 
been  secured,  xil.  Aver  preso  —  di  una  cosa,  to 
make  no  account  of  it,  disregard  it. 

t  Partit6ia_A;  freestone  peach,  v.  Pesca. 

Parti t6ne  in.;  aiigni.  Partito,  I.  great 
game,  e.g.  at  Pallone.  2.  great  match, 
v.  Partito  (5). 

Partit6re  /«.  ;  I.  carver.  2.  work- 
man who  adjusts  the  proportion  of  alloy 
in  a  mint,  or  who  regulates  the  distri- 
bution of  water  in  any  works.  *i.  person 
who  splits  a  party,  ii.  (ariihm.)  divisor. 

Partituccio  in. ;  poor  match,  v.  Partito  (sX 

Partitura/. ;  i.  division  of  a  crop 
between  landlord  and  tenant,  or  the 
date  when  this  is  made.  2.  (mus.) 
score.  3.  parting  (of  hair). 

Partizitfne/ ;  i.  v.  Partire.  2.  i.q. 
Partitura  (2). 

Part-0  in-  ',  I.  childbirth  ;  Sopra  — , 
in  labour ;  Fare  i  -i,  to  be  a  midwife. 

2.  newborn  baby. 

Partor-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  partitrirc, 

<  pariturus,  fut.   part,   of  parere,  to 
bring  forth);  to  bear  (a  child,  etc.)  or 
intr.  to  be  delivered. 

Partuccia  / ;  dim.  spreg.  Pane. 

*  Partuta  /. ;    i.  =  Parte.      ii.  =  Partito.      iii.  = 
Partenza. 

*Paruta./;  i.  appearance;  Far  — ,  to  pretend, 
ii.  visibility,  D.  Purg.  25.  100. 
Paruto  ;  part.  Parere. 

*  Parvente  in. ;  i.  appearance,   ii.  opinion,    iii.  as 
adj.,  shining. 

*Parvenza   /!;    i.    appearance,     ii.    brilliance, 
iii.  opinion. 

*  Parvipendere  ;  to  esteem  lightly. 

Parvita  f.\  (ttutil.)  —  di  materia,  thing  of  small 
consequence  in  itself,  in  relation  to  its  sinfulness. 
Parvo (L.);  small. 

*  Parvpleggiare  ;  to  behave  like  a  baby. 
Parzial-e;     i.    partial,    unfair.      2.    partisan. 

3.  partial,  in  parts;  Elezione  — ,  by-election.     Aff. 
•ita,  -mente. 

*  Parzion-abile ;  sharing.    *  -ale  ;  i.  =  Parziale. 
ii.  sharing.     *  -evole  or  -iere  ;  sharing. 

Pascere  perf.  pascei,  part,  pasciuto, 
*pasto  (L.,  root  pa,  to  feed,  v.  Skeat, 
eiL.  1910,  p.  756) ;  tr.  or  intr.,  to  feed. 

Paschi  ///.  //.  (v.  Pasco) ;  pastures. 
Monte  de'  Paschi,  a  credit  bank  at 
Siena. 

Pascia  ///.;  Turkish  pasha,     -lato  w.;  pashalik. 

*  Pascibietola  m.\  fool,  ///.  beetroot-eater. 
Pascibile ;  adj.  pasture. 

*  Pascigreppi    tn.  \    i.    animal    pastured    on    the 
hillsides,     ii.  blockhead. 

Pascima  f. ;  (mar.)  groove  in  the  keel,  ?'.  Lim- 
bello  U). 

Pascioli ;  -'.  Pacciul'i. 

Pasci6na_/;  i.  abundance  of  good 
living.  2.  meadow  after  the  grass  has 
been  cut.  3.  rich  pasture  ground. 

4.  fig.  prosperity. 

tPascionata/;  v.  Passonata,  palisade. 

*  Pascire  ;  (mar.)  to  fill  (a  frame),  T'.  Riernpire. 
Pasciuto  ;  part.  Pascere. 

Pasco  //;. ;  poet,  for  Pascolo,  pasture. 
Pascol-o  in.  (L.,  v.  Pascere);  pas- 
ture.    Aff.  -are,  vb. 

*  Pascore  m.  (Provenc.  pastor) ;  spring-time. 

*  Pascuo  ;  pastoral. 

*  Pasimata,  *Passimatay^  (bit.  passnniatititi, 

<  Gr.  irafajxriSioi',   biscuit,  so  named  after  a  baker 
Paxamos) ;  hard  cake. 


Pasmo  in.  (apliuere&is  <  L.  spasiniii,);  htiniin^. 

Paso  ;  part.  Pandere,  open. 

Paspalo  tit. ;  (bot. )  a  genus  of  grasses,  1'as.patnni. 

Pasqu-a  /  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Hebrew  pe- 
sakh,  passing  over)  ;  I.  —  d'  uovo  or 
di  resurrezione,  or  absol.  Pasqua,  Easter. 
2.  --  di  ceppo,  Christmas.  3.  --  di 
rose,  Whitsunday.  4.  —  de'  morti,  All 
Souls'  day.  5.  Dare  la  buona  — ,  to 
give  the  Easter  or  other  festival  greet- 
ing. 6.  Prendere  la  — ,  to  take  Com- 
munion at  Easter,  etc.  7.  Venire  la  — 
in  Domenica,  to  have  Christmas  Day 
or  other  fixed  festival  day  falling  on 
Sunday,  i.e.  to  have  things  happen  as 
one  wished.  8.  Contento  come  una  — , 
perfectly  happy.  9.  Per  le  -e,  i.e. 
rarely.  10.  -e  veronesi,  slaughter  of 
French  invaders  at  Verona  towards  the 
end  of  the  1 8th  century. 

*i.  festivity  of  any  kind.  ii.  —  di  ceppo,  a  term 
for  a  fat  boy.  Maestra  — ,  fat  baby  or  fat  woman. 

Pasquale ;  adj.  Easter. 

Pasqualino  >n. ;  one  who  communicates  only 
at  Easter. 

t  Pasquetta  f. ;  feast  of  the  Epiphany.  A  — 
un'  oretta,  i.e.  by  Epiphany  the  days  are  a  little 
longer. 

*Pasquillo  /w.;=Pasquinata. 

Pasquinata  /  ;  lampoon,  from  Pas- 
quino,  a  cobbler  at  Rome  whose  stall 
was  frequented  by  gossips;  his  name 
was  transferred  to  the  torso  of  an 
ancient  warrior  dug  up  near  his  stall 
and  placed  at  the  corner  of  the  Palazzo 
Orsini ;  there  was  another  statue  oppo- 
site to  this  called  Marforio,  and  the 
Roman  wits  used  to  affix  lampoons  o"n 
both  ;  v.  Marforio. 

*  Passa  ;  old  /.  pi.  of  Passo.     As  adv.,  Di , 

in  passing. 

Passabil-e  ;  passable.     Aff.  -mente. 

*  Passacavallo  m. ;  transport  ship  for  horses. 
Passacavo  m. ;  (mar.)  fairleader. 
Passaccio  w. ',  pegg.  Passo. 

Passacbrde  m. ;  packing-needle. 

*  Passadieci  in. ;  an  old  card-game. 

*  Passadondolo  ;>/.;=  Ninnolo,  trifle. 

t  Passador  ;//. ;  =  Mano  di  ferro,  iron  hanging 
clamp. 

*  Passagaglio,   *Passagallo    in.    (Span,  fas- 
sacalle,  street  singing);  i.  slow  dancing  to  the  Casta- 
nets or  guitar,  z1.  Ciaccona.    ii.  blind  man's  guitar  or 
other  instrument. 

*  Passaggere  in. ;  i.  toll-collector,     ii.  passenger. 
Passaggetto  in. ;  dim.  Passaggio. 

Passaggio  »».  (mlt.  passaticum, 
right  of  passage) ;  i.  passing,  crossing. 

2.  transition  in  music.     3.  transfer  (to 
another    page    of   a   ledger).     4.    toll. 

5.  (mar.)  timenoguy,  a  rope  stretched 
to   prevent  gear  from   getting   fouled. 

6.  (mar.)  —  della  coffa=Buco  di  gatto, 
lubber's  hole.     *entrance  fee. 

t  Passaidla  /. ;  stepping-stone. 

Passamano  m.  (Fr.  passement); 
lace  trimming. 

Passamanteria  / ;  store  or  manu- 
factory of  trimmings. 

*  Passamento  in. ;  i.  passing,    ii.  passing  place. 
iii.    short  space  of  time.     iv.    avoidance,  shunning, 
v.  —  d'  anni,  seniority,     vi.  fig.  death. 

Fassante  m. ;  i.  leather  keeper  for 
the  end  of  a  strap  after  it  has  been 
passed  through  a  buckle.  2.  (mil.)  — 
della  spallina,  lace  binder  of  an  epaulet. 

3.  in  pi.  (.r/;<vw.)=Ferri  per  appuntare 
i  tacchi. 


PASSAPALLE— PASSIONATO 


425 


Passapalle  tn.;  bullet  sieve. 

Passapar61a  m. ;  {mil.)  password. 

Passapertutto  m.;  i.  cross-cut  saw.  2.  master- 
key. 

Passapiede  in.',  an  old  dance  tune. 

Passapdrto  in.  (Fr.  passeport,  written  permit 
to  pass  a  gate) ;  passport. 

Pass-are;  i.  to  pass.  2.  —  da,  to 
call  upon ;  Stasera  -o  da  lei  se  non  la 
incomodo,  I  am  coming  to  see  you  this 
evening  if  I  may ;  -i  dal  Direttore,  che 
la  vuol  vedere,  will  you  be  good  enough 
to  step  into  the  manager's  office?  he 
wishes  to  see  you ;  Domani  se  non 
t'  incomoda  -a  da  casa  mia,  will  you 
please  look  in  at  my  house  to-morrow  ? 

3.  —  d'  occhio,  to  escape  observation. 

4.  —  capitano,  to  be  passed  for  cap- 
tain, promoted ;  Also  tr.  —  uno  capi- 
tano, to   promote   him   to  be  captain. 

5.  of  a  relation  or  distinction,  to  exist ; 
Tra  me  e  lui  non  ci  -a  alcuna  relazione, 
there    is   no   connection    between   his 
affairs  and  mine.     6.  to  transfix;  —  il 
cuore,  fig.  to  cut  to  the  heart.     7.  to 
provide ;  11  convento  non  -a  che  questo, 
this  is  all  there  is  in  the  house.     8.  to 
carry  across  (a  river,  etc.).     9.  to  trans- 
fer,  in   a   ledger.     10.    to   endure ;    In 
quella  casa  m'  e  toccato  a  -arne  di  tutti 
i  colori,  in  that  house  I  had  to  put  up 
with  everything  that  can  be  imagined. 
11.    -arsela  bene,  male,  to  be  well,  or 
badly,  off.     12.  (mar.)  to  reeve  (a  rope 
through   the   sheave-hole   of   a   block, 
etc.).     13.   to  drink  (medicinal  water). 
14.    --  per  1'  armi,  to   suffer   military 
execution.     15.  -arsi  di,  to  abstain  from 
doing.     1 6.  -ante,  of  wine  or  medicine, 
diuretic ;   of  solid  food,  readily  digest- 
ible ;   as  sb.  v.  Passante,  in  loco.     1 7. 
-are,  as  sb.  passage,  corridor. 

Part.;  -ato:  1 8.  faded  (beauty), 
gone  i.e.  bad  (meat).  19.  Farla  -ata,  to 
overlook  a  fault.  20.  -  -  di  cottura, 
over-cooked.  21.  -ato,  as  sb.,  beans, 
lentils,  etc.,  passed  through  a  hair  sieve, 
Fr.  purde. 

Etym.  mlt.  passare,  <  L.  passus,  a  step,  ///.  a 
stretch,  distance  between  the  feet  in  walking,  adapted 
from  passus,  part,  of  pandere,  to  stretch,  which  is 
causal  from  patere,  to  lie  open,  cp.  Gr.  iriryijfm,  to 
spread  out.  Diez  takes passare  to  be  l\\z/rcq.  of  pan- 
dei-e  ;  it  makes  little  difference,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pass. 

Passare'llay. ;  (mar.)  awning  deck,  flying  deck. 
tPassariello  w.;=Pianuz/a  passera,  lemon  dab 
(fish). 

Passarino  m.  ;  i.  dint.  Passare,  passage. 
2.  v.  Passerino.  t  lemon  dab,  T.  t  Passera  (i). 

Passata  /  ;  i .  passage,  esp.  of  an 
army.  2.  line  of  an  animal's  run.  3. 
filtration.  4.  in  fencing,  pass,  lunge. 

5.  of  a  gun,  (a)  range,  (6)  penetration. 

6.  Dare  una  — ,  to  give  a  touch  (with 
any  tool) ;  Dare  una  —  a  un  libro,  to 
run  through  a  book.     7.    Fare  una  — 
d'  acqua,  to  drink  the  waters,  e.g.  at 
Homburg.     8.    shower  of  rain.     9.  = 
Porca,  ridge.    10.  strip  of  ground  which 
has   been   mown   or  cut.      1 1.    (mus.) 
short  series  of  chords.     12.    (with  re- 
ference to  a  boot)  instep.     13.  purde,  v. 
Passare   (21).      14.    in    horse-exercise, 
passade.    15.  in  dyeing,  =  Tuffata,  bath. 
16.  Di  —  as  adv.,  in  passing ;  A  tutta 
— ,  at  full  speed. 

*  i.  Far  le  -e,  to  walk  up  and  down.     ii.  scolding. 
H. 


iii.  Far  —  ,  to  inform,  iv.  A  tutta  —  ,  (a)  quite, 
(£)  continually.  v.  cessation  of  work.  vi.  in  wo_men, 
intermission  of  a  period,  vii.  at  play,  sum  paid  by 
each  player  to  the  pool. 

Passat-ella;  i.  elderly  (lady).  2.  as 
s6.,  dim.  of  -a  (7).  3.  at  bowls, 
Tirare  una  —  ,  to  dislodge  the  adver- 
sary's bowl. 

Passatempo  m.  ;  pastime. 

Passate'tto  ;  elderly. 

Passatfna  /  (dim.  vezz.  Passata); 

1.  Dare  una  —  alia  lezione,  to  run  one's 
eye  over  the  lesson.     2.  slight  shower. 
3.  little  scolding. 

Passatdia  /  ;  strip  of  carpet. 
Passat6io  m.  ;  stepping-stone. 

*  i.  =  Anditi  >,     passage,      ii.     projectile,      iii.    as 
adj.,  easily  passed,     iv.    transient,     v.    soldier  per- 
sonating another  so  as  to  be  twice  paid.     vi.  bridge. 

Passat6re  m.  ;  vbsb.  of  Passare. 
*i.    pilgrim,     ii.    seafaring   man.     iii.    ferryman. 
iv.  transgressor,     v.  —  avvelenato,  poisoned  arrow. 
vi.  bridge. 

Pass-atotto  ;  dim.  of  -ato,  v.  Passare  (18). 

Passatura  /;  darn,  to  strengthen 
a  weak  place. 

Passavanti  m.  ;  i.  gangway.  2. 
(ihent.)  free  pass. 

Passavia  /«.  ;  =  Cavalcavia,  flying 
bridge. 

*  Passavogare  ;  to  row  all  together  at  full  speed. 
Passavolante    in.;   (mil.    hist)    i.    catapult. 

2.  small  cannon,  v.  Serpentina  (3).     *adventurer. 

Passeggi-are  ind.  passeggio;  i.  to 
take,  or  go  for  a  walk.  2.  —  per  questa 
citta,  to  live  in  this  town.  3.  to  traverse, 
walk  in  (the  streets).  4.  to  make  a 
mock  of.  5.  to  practise  on  (a  musical 
instrument).  6.  to  swim  in  a  certain 
way,  v.  Passeggio  (4). 

Aff.  -ata  walk,  -ataccia  peg?.,  -atella  or  -atina 
dim.,  -atona  augm.,  -atcre,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Passegg-iero,  -ero  m.;  passenger. 
As  adj.,  fleeting. 

Passe'ggio  m.  ;  i.  walking.  2.  peo- 
ple out  for  a  walk.  3.  place  made  for 
walking.  4.  Nuotare  a  —  ,  to  swim 
with  one  or  the  other  arm  taken  out  of 
the  water,  alternately. 

t  Passeggio  na  ;  Pipa,  or  Dito  in  bocca  e  —  !  as 
a  mode  of  dismissing  someone,  or  as  indicating  his 
nonchalant  way  of  taking  himself  off. 

Passeggiucchiare  ;  to  go  out  for  short  walks. 

*  Passemezzo  m.  ;  an  old  dance-tune. 

PAssera/  (A),  (L.)  ;  i.  (ornM.)  spar- 
row, i.e.  the  Italian  sparrow,  a  different 
species  from  the  British  house-sparrow  ; 
the  term  is  also  applied  to  certain  other 
small  birds,  see  below.  2.  plaice  (fish), 
Platessa  vulgaris. 

ti.  =  Pianuzza  passera,  lemon  dab.  ii.  =  Suacia. 
iii.  (rnar.)=  Battello,  dinghy. 

Birds  known  as  Passera:  (a)  —  ,  —  nostrale  or 
reale,  Italian  sparrow,  Passer  Italiae.  (/)  —  frat- 
taiola,  matta,  scopaiola,  scopina,  orvcrniaa,  dunnock 
or  hedge-sparrow,  Accentor  moilutaris,  also  termed 
Accentore  cantarino.  (<")  —  gazzera,  =  Averla  piccola, 
red-backed  shrike,  (d)  —  alpestre,  capannaia,  lagia, 
or  montanina,  rock-sparrow,  Petronia  stitltu.  (e)  — 
mattugia  or  miglianna,  tree-sparrow,  v.  Mattugio. 
(_f)  -•-  di  padule,  reed  bunting,  Emberiza  schoenicola, 
also  termed  Ortolano  di  padule,  Migliarino,  Migliarino 
di  padule,  Monachino  di  padule.  (g)  —  solitaria, 
blue  rock  thrush,  Monticola  cyanos,  also  termed 
Tordo  solitario.  (A)  —  oltremontana,  house-sparrow, 
Passer  domesticus,  a  species  which  is  rare  in  Italy. 
See  also  Passero  (4). 

*(B);  Uve  passere,  =  Uve  passe,  currants,  v.  Pas- 


so (B). 
Pa 


sseraio  m.',  chirping  of,  or  lik    ..parrows. 


Passerinay. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Passera.  2.  (but.) 
a  genus  of  heath-like  shrubs ;  the  Passerina  tinctoria 
is  used  in  Spain  as  the  source  of  a  yellow  dye. 

Passerinaio  m.;  spreg.  chirping  of  a  lot  of 
silly  sparrows. 

Passerine  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Passero. 

2.  (mar.},  (n)  life-line,  rope  for  men  to 
hold  by,  e.g.  when  manning  the  yards, 
(b)  in  pi.  (mar.)  fiddle,  lines  along  a 
table  to  prevent  the  dishes  from  falling 
when  the  ship  rolls,  (c)  —  trasversale, 
reef-line.      3.  =Cavo   d'   aspe,   swifter, 
line  fixed  on  a  capstan  to  prevent  the 
capstan   bars   from   falling  out.     4.  as 
adj.,  Ulivo  — ,  a  variety  of  olive  with 
black  fruit. 

*  i.   Fare  il  — ,  of  a  galley  flying  before  the  wind, 
to  make  a  certain  adjustment  of  the  mainsail,     ii.  - 
Aghetto. 

Passerio ;«.;  chirping  like  a  number  of  sparrows. 

Passero  in. ;  I.  cock-sparrow.  2.  — 
solitario,  one  of  Leopardi's  poems. 

3.  Capo — ,  a  cape  in  Sicily ;  Dall' Alpi 
al    Capo    — ,    i.e.   all    through    Italy. 

4.  (a)  —  campagnuolo,  —  montanaro, 
or  — •  dalla  gola  gialla,  =  Passera  lagia, 
rock-sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  d ) ;  (b)  — 
mattusino,  =  Passera     mattugia,     tree- 
sparrow. 

Passer&tt-o  m. ;  dim.  Passero. 
Nella  sua  testa  c'  e  andato  a  covare  un 
— ,  describing  a  person  without  any 
gumption.  Far  la  cena  del  — ,  to  sup 
on  bread  and  water. 

*  i.  big  mistake.     Dire  un   — ,  to  say  a  very  silly 
thing,     ii.   Levare  i  -i  di  bocca  a  uno,  =Tirargli  su 
le  calze,  to  find  out  his  secrets. 

Passettino  ;«. ;  sub-dim.  Passo. 

Pass^tto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Passo,  step. 
2.  Fare  il  — ,  in  playing  at  Calabresella, 
to  keep  the  command  of  a  suit  without 
the  adversary's  knowledge.  3.  an  old 
cloth  measure  of  two  ells.  Misurare 
gli  altri  col  suo  — ,  to  judge  of  others 
by  oneself. 

*i.   at  Pistoia,  =  Braccio,  ell.     ii.    as  adj.,   dim. 
Passo,  shrivelled. 

Passibil-e  (L.);  susceptible,  capable 
of  perceiving  an  impression  or  feeling 
an  effect.  Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

*Passiccio;  dim.  Passo,  withered. 

Passifldray. ;  a  genus  of  passion-flowers. 
*Passillo  m.  (L.,  v.  Passone,  B);  peg,  post. 
*Passimata;  T.  Pasimata,  cake. 

*  Passina  /.  (akin  to  Passillo) ;  architrave. 

Passinata./;  division  between  the 
beams  of  a  ceiling,  with  the  laths,  etc., 
belonging  to  it 

Passino  ;«.  ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Passo, 
step.  Hence :  2.  an  old  cloth  measure 
of  three  Florentine  ells.  3.  a  certain 
length  of  cloth,  according  to  the  length 
of  the  warp  frame. 

*  opening,  e.g.  in  the  floor  of  a  loft,  with  a  windlass 
belonging  to  it. 

P.lssio  m.  (L.) ;  Gospel  story  of  the 
Passion.  Pare  un  — ,  it  seems  a  lengthy 
business.  Averci  che  vedere  come 
Barabba  nel  — ,  to  have  nothing  to  do 
with  the  subject.  *=Passione. 

Passionacciay;  fig?.  Passione. 
Passionale  tn. ;  (tccT.)  book  of  martyrs. 

*  Passionare  ;  i.  to  torment,    ii.  to  be  martyred. 
iii.  to  impassion. 

Passionario  m.;  (tccl.)  book  with  the  story  of 
the  Passion. 

Passionate;   impassioned.    Tu  sei 
54 


3. 
P 


426 

troppo  -  -  stilla  questione,  you  are 
throwing  too  much  passion  into  the 
question.  AJf.  -atamente. 

Passioncella/;  ditn.  Passione. 
Passibne/ (L.);   i.  passion.     2.  wretchedness, 
the  Passion  of  Christ.     4.  sermon  preached  on  the 
-'assion. 

*i.  material  suffering,  ii.  (w^.)affection,  disease, 
iii.  martyrdom,  iv.  human  feeling  ;  Chi  e  piii  scel- 
lerato  che  colui  Che  al  giudizio  divin  p^a-ss'ion  porta? 
is  there  greater  wickedness  than  to  bring  in  human 
feeling  wnen  beholding  the  judgment  of  God?  D.  Inf. 
20.  30.  (Some  editions,  however,  here  read  "  com- 
passion.") v.  quality  of  a  metal. 

Passionista  m. ;  member  of  the  Passionist 
Order. 

tPassira;  v.  tPassera(A,  i). 
*Passire;  to  wither,  tr. 
Passivame'nte ;  passively. 
Passivita/;  i.  passiveness.     2.  indebtedness. 
Passive  (L.);  passive.     As  sb.,  liabilities. 

Pass-0  (A)  m.  (L.,  v.  Passare) ; 
i.  step;  A  un — ,  or  A  due  -i,  close  by; 
Fare  un  —  per  uno,  to  give  up  some- 
thing on  both  sides,  for  the  sake  of 
reaching  a  compromise.  2.  of  a  horse, 
walk ;  of  troops,  march.  3.  Fare  i  suoi 
-i,  to  take  the  necessary  steps  (for 
obtaining  something).  4.  passage,  in 
a  book,  v.  Punto  (i  i).  5.  passage-way, 
passing,  entrance.  6.  (mar.)  inlet, 
channel.  7.  (a)  migration  of  birds ; 
Uccelli  di  — ,  migratory  birds,  (b)  the 
time  when  they  migrate.  8.  prov.  II 
peggio  -  -  e  quello  dell'  uscio,  the 
beginning  is  the  hardest  part;  Piano 
a'  ma'  -i,  lit.  go  steady  at  the  difficult 
places,  said  to  one  who  is  going  too 
far,  or  without  enough  regard  in  his 
remarks.  9.  -  — ,  slowly,  little  by 
little.  10.  pitch  of  a  piece  of  machinery, 
screw,  etc. ;  —  vuoto,  or  morto  d'  una 
vite,  plain  part  of  the  shaft  of  a  screw ; 

-  dell'   elica,   pitch   of  the   screw   of 
a  steamer ;  —  costante,  uniform  pitch ; 

-  medio,  mean  pitch ;   —  di  sortita, 
d'  uscita,  pitch  of  the  trailing  portion  of 
the  screw ;   —  della  rigatura,  pitch  of 
the  rifling  of  a  gun.     1 1.  punt. 

*  i.  =  Passetto,  measuring-rule,  ii.  measure  of 
volume  of  firewood,  iii.  tjittisi-Jig.  quantity  of  wool 
taken  from  the  distaff  at  one  time,  being  one  step  in 
the  operation  of  spinning.  :"  -~:-: : — 


raisin  wine. 


PaSS-O  (B) ;  shrivelled.  Uva  -a,  cur- 
rant ;  the  currants  used  in  cooking  are 
really  dried  grapes. 

Etvtn.  L.  ptissus,  which  had  the  meaning  of 
shrivelled  at  least  as  early  as  Pliny,  who  wrote  A 
patientia  tiomen  acinis  datur  passis,  dried  grapes 
derive  their  name  of  passi  from  fafientia.  But 
there  is  no  evidence  of  the  correctness  oft  Pliny's 
derivation,  and  passus  is  no  doubt  the  participle  of 
pandere,  to  spread  out  for  drying. 

*Pass-o;  (A)  part,  of  Patire.  -i  piedi,  feet 
which  had  suffered,  D.  Par.  20.  105.  (B)  part,  of 
Pandere.  Chiome  -e,  flying  locks,  in  Ariosto  (Orl. 
Fur.  7.  50).  (C)  sync,  for  Passato. 

*Passoltno  ///. ;  dim.  Passo.  As  adj.,  dim. 
Passo  (.adj.). 

*Passolo,  Passulo  ;  =  Passo  (B). 

*  Passonaia  J.\   cattle-pen  with  posts  to  tie  up 
calves. 

Passonata  f. ;  foundation  of  piles. 
Pass6ne  m. ;  (A)  augm,  Passo. 

(B)  (L.  paxillus,  dim.  of  palus,  with 
substitution  of  augm.  for  dim.  suffix. 
For  pains  v.  Palo) ;  =  Palone,  strong 
post. 

Pass6via  f. ',  (gt'ogr.)  Passau,  in  Bavaria. 

*  Passulato  ;  flavoured  with  raisin  juice. 

*  Passulo  ;  ?>.  Passolo. 

•Passuro;  Italianised  /tit.  p.  of  J..  fati,  to 
suffer. 


PASSIONCELLA— PASTO 

Pasta  f.  (L.,<Gr.  irdaTT),  a  mess  of 
food ;  orig.  f.  of  jrao-rds,  besprinkled, 
•viz.  with  salt;  the  orig.  sense  was 
salted  mess  of  food;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Paste);  i.  paste,  dough;  used  as  the 
basis  either  of  bread  or  pastry  or  shapes 
for  soup,  etc. ;  Mettere  giu  la  — ,  to  put 
the  paste  in.  2.  —  reale,  sweet  pud- 
ding ;  -  -  asciutta  or  Paste  asciutte, 
pastry  made  with  cheese,  butter,  or  the 
like.  3.  a  piece  of  pastry,  baked  and 
ready  for  eating;  in  pi.,  pastry,  gene- 
rally. 4.  in  pi.,  the  shapes  for  soup  as 
above,  usually  called  in  England  p&tes 
d'  Italic.  5.  paste,  flour  and  water,  for 
pasting.  6.  paste,  imitation  diamonds. 

7.  pulped  rags  for  making  into  paper. 

8.  =  Patina,     incrustation.      9.     meat 
minced  for  sausages,  etc. 

Phrases:  10.  Uomo  di  buona  — , 
good-natured  fellow ;  or  more  emphati- 
cally—di  zucchero,  most  good-natured. 

11.  Uomo  di  grossa  — ,  =  Uomo  gros- 
solano,    materiale,    not     very    refined. 

12.  Aver  della  — ,  to  be  a  crafty  person, 
one   who    knows    the   weak   points   of 
everybody.    Similarly  Che  —  or  Quanta 
— ,    when    we    see    a    person    being 
wheedled  into  giving  something ;  more 
nsu.    Quanto    burro,    as    in    English. 

13.  Aver  le  mani  in  — ,  to  be  actually 
carrying  on  some  transaction. 

Pastaccia  /. ;  pegg.  Pasta. 
•Pastaccio;  i.  soft.     ii.  soft,  i.e.  silly. 

*  Pastadella  f. ;  some  kind  of  pie. 
Pastag6nfia/;  v.  Pastogonfio. 
Pastai-a/,  -o  m.;  maker  of  paste  (for  soup). 

tPastaiuile/  pi.;  a  species  of  fungus. 

Pastareale  / ;  a  sort  of  sponge 
cake,  v.  Pasta  (2). 

Past-ica,  -ecca  /. ;  i.  (mar.)  snatch-block, 
one  that  will  open  so  as  to  receive  a  bight  of  a  rope. 
2.  =  Cocomero,  water-melon.  3.  (mar.)  —  fissa, 
cheek-block. 

Pastechetta/;  dim.  Pasteca. 

*  Pasteco  m. ;  any  roughly  made  article,  perhaps 
a  corruption  of  Pax  lecutn,  words  used  in  connection 
with  a  ceremony  of  short  duration. 

Pasteggiabile;  Vino  — ,  dinner 
wine. 

*  Pasteggiamento    ;«. ;    hearty  eating,   heavy 
meal. 

Pasteggiare  ind.  pasteggio ;  to  eat 
at  table.  Vino  da  — ,  wine  for  drinking 
during  dinner. 

Pastelle'tto  m. ;  i.q.  Pastellino. 

*  Pastelliere  in.  ;  =  Pasticcere,  pastry-cook. 

Pastellino  m. ;  dim.  Pastello  (i). 

Pastello  m. ;  i.  a  sort  of  lozenge 
made  of  fruit-juice  or  other  materials 
pressed  into  a  paste  and  dried.  2. 
pastel.  3.  coloured  crayon. 

*  i.  =  Pasticcio,    ii.  =  Pasticca.    iii.  =Guado,  woad. 
tPastenula    / ;  =  Fico     mediterraneo,    forked 

hake. 

Pasterello  m. ;  i.  globule  of  dried 
sweat.  2.  bread  pill.  3.  dim.  Pasto, 
hasty  meal. 

Paste"tta  /  ;  Jig.,  for  electoral  im- 
broglio. 

Past6tto ;  m.  dim.  Pasto,  light 
meal. 

Pasticca  (Pasticco)  /  (irreg.  dim. 
•of  Pasta,  contracted  from  **Pasticola 
**PasticMa);  i.  (med.)  lozenge.  2.  gem. 


3.  scherz.  a  coin  given  as  a  sop  to  some 
Cerberus. 

Pasticcer-e,  Pasticcier-e  m.,  -a  /  ; 
pastry-cook. 

Pasticcerfa  /  ;  i.  pastry.  2.  con- 
fectioner's shop. 

Pasticce'tto  m. ;   i.  dim.  Pasticcio. 

2.  Jig.  mess. 

Pasticc-iaccio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -etto  (2), 
troublesome  affair. 

Pasticciano  m. ;  good  stupid  fel- 
low. 

t  Pasticciare  ;  to  stir  up  mud,  make  trouble. 
*Pasticciato  ;«.;  preparation  of  cheese,  butter 
and  gravy. 

Pasticciare  m. ;  i.q.  Pasticcere. 

*  i.  tavern-keeper,     ii.  painter  of  Pasticci. 

Pasticcinaio  m. ;  hawker  of  tartlets. 

Pasticcino  m.;  i.  tartlet.  2.  scherz. 
cockade. 

Pasticcio  m. ;  I.  pie;  —  di  Stras- 
burgo,  Jig.  botch-work.  2.  tangle ; 
Che  diavolo  di  — !  there's  a  pretty  pie ! 

3.  in  //.,  debts.     4.    imitation  picture 
done  in  the  style  of  some  master  and 
given  out  as  his. 

Pasticci6na  /  ;  v.  Pasticcione  (3) 
and  (4). 

Pasticci6ne  m. ;   I.  augm.  Pasticcio. 

2.  (pop.)    pumpkin,    Cucurbit  a  pepo. 

3.  mischief-maker.     4.  bungler. 

*  Pasticco;  T.  Pasticca. 

tPastiere  tn.;  (wfrtr.)— Galloccia,  belaying  cleat. 

Pastfglia/  (L.  pastillus,  altered  to 
be  /em.);  i.  =  Pasticca.  2.  pastille,  for 

burning. 

*  Pastiglieray^;  pan  for  burning  pastilles. 

*  Pastime  «/.;  =  Pascolo,  pasture. 

Pastina/  (dim.  Pasta);  i.  tartlet. 
2.  in  pi.,  small  shapes  for  soup,  v. 
Pasta  (4). 

Pastinaca  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Parsnip);  i.  (hot.)  parsnip,  Pastinaca 
sativa.  2.  (bol.)  —  marina,  prickly  sam- 
phire, Echinophora  spinosa.  3.  sting- 
ray, Trygon  pasiinaca,  said  to  be  so 
called  from  the  resemblance  of  its  tail 
to  a  parsnip  root.  Its  head  does  not 
project  beyond  its  body,  and  its  tail 
being  cut  off,  before  it  is  marketed,  on 
account  of  the  sting,  it  appears  to  have 
neither  head  nor  tail,  hence  the  phrase 
Esser  come  il  pesce  — ,  to  be  unintel- 
ligible, something  one  can  make  neither 
head  nor  tail  of. 

*Pastinare  (L. ,  <pastinutn,  a  two-pronged  fork 
for  setting  plants) ;  to  break  up  (the  ground), 

Pastinese  adj.  or  sb. ',  a  dark  variety  of  chestnut. 
•Pastingolo  in. ;  stew. 
*Pastino  ;//. ;  ground  well  broken  up. 

Pasto  m.  (L.  paslus,  fodder,  <pas- 
cor) ;  i.  food  ;  Di  poco  — ,  small  eater ; 
Di  buon  — ,  hearty  eater.  2.  meal; 
Beve  vin  del  Chianti  a  tutto  — ,  he 
drinks  Chianti  right  through  his  dinner  ; 
So  fig.  Cita  le  mie  opere  a  tutto  — ,  he 
quotes  from  me  most  abundantly;  Vino 
da  — ,  dinner  wine;  Negare  il  - 
all'  oste,  i.e.  to  dispute  what  is  indis- 
putable ;  Un  —  buono  or  a  garbo,  a 
satisfactory  affair;  Non  c'  e  da  farvi  un 


PASTO— PATERNOSTRINO 


427 


—  buono,  i.e.  he  is  a  person  with  whom 
one  cannot  strike  a  bargain  with  any 
confidence.  3.  pulp  of  an  orange,  etc. 
4.  lights,  the  lungs  of  a  slaughtered 
animal.  5.  —  gonfio,  spreg.  fat  fellow. 
6.  Dar  — ,  (a)  to  satisfy,  (b)  to  feed  with 
empty  promises,  to  humbug,  (c)  to  let 
(a  person)  win  a  little  so  as  to  lure  him 
on  to  play  for  high  stakes. 

*  Pasto ;  fart,  of  Pascere. 

Pastbcchia  /  (dim.  Pasto,  v.  Pasto 
6,  b) ;  humbug. 

Pastocchi6n-e  m.,  -a  f. ;  variant  of 
Paciocc-one,  -ona,  easy-going  person. 

Pastof6rio  in.  (L.,<Gr.);  archives  of  a  church. 

Pastogonfio  m.;  v.  Pasto  (5);  the 
fern,  is  Pastagonfia. 

Past6ia  /  (bit.  pastoria,<L.  pas- 
cor);  \.  tethering  rope.  2.  pastern, 
the  part  of  the  horse's  leg  where  the 
rope  is  attached.  This  is  the  origin  of 
the  English  word,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pas- 
tern. 

Pastoncino  in. ;  dim.  Pastone. 

Pastdne  m.  (augm.  Pasta);  I.  dough 
for  dividing  into  loaves.  2.  soup  made 
too  thick.  3.  oatmeal  and  water  for 
horses'  food,  or  of  similar  character  for 
birds.  4.  pulp  of  crushed  olives. 

Pastdray^;  i.  shepherdess;  Far  la 
— ,  to  stand  stock  still ;  La  divina  — , 
the  Madonna.  2.  quasi-fig.  woman  of 
rustic  manners.  3.  (vet.)  =  Pastoia, 
pastern. 

Pastoral-e  ;  i.  pastoral.  2.  as  sb., 
verses  said  at  a  "  Presepio"  at  Christmas. 

3.  Christmas  music.     4.    bishop's  pas- 
toral staff.     5.  =  Pastoia,  pastern.     Aff. 
-me'nte. 

Past6r-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Pascere);  i. 
shepherd ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  stand  idle. 
2.  bishop.  3.  Protestant  clergyman. 

4.  L'  ora  del  — ,  the  last  hour  of  day- 
light, esp.  when  rain  then  ceases  after 
a  rainy  day. 

Aff.  -eccio  adj.  spreg.,  -fella  dim.  vezz.  of  Pas- 
tora,  -elleria  pastoral  piece  of  music,  -ello  dim.  vezz. 
of  Pastore,  -izia  sheep  and  cattle  rearing,  -izio 
pastoral. 

Past6s-o ;  i.  soft.  2.  sticky.  Aff. 
-ita. 

*  Pastrana  /. ;  close-fitting  jacket. 

Pastran-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -aio 
in. ;  cloak-room  attendant,  -ella  f.  ; 
coachman's  cape,  -(no  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Pastran-0  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  long 
loose  cloak  with  collar  and  sleeves. 
Aff.  -6ne  augm.,  -uccio  spreg. 

Pastriccidno  m. ;  (A)  (hot.)  (variant 
of  Pastinaca,<r/.  Roumanian pastarnac); 
i.  parsnip.  2.  =  Bisnaga,  toothpick 
plant.  (B)  (altered  from  Pasticciano) ; 
good  simple-minded  fellow. 

Pastume  m. ;  macaroni  paste  for 
soup. 

Pasturayl  (L.,  v.  Pascere);  pasture;  Menare 
1'  oche  in  — ,  to  lead  geese  to  pasture :  as  type  of 
a  useless  occupation. 

*  i.  droppings  of  wild  animals  as  an  indication  of 
their  whereabouts,    ii.  =  Pastocchia,  humbug,    iii.  Far 
—  ,=Tramare,  to  plot.    iv.  Tenerm — ,  =  Darpasto, 
to  deceive,  to  lure,  r«.  Pasto  (6). 


Pasturare  ;  =  Pascolare,  to  pasture. 

Pataccayi;  I.  coin  worth  next  to 
nothing,  brass  farthing.  2.  conspicuous 
dirty  mark,  more  or  less  round,  e.g. 
blob  of  ink  on  the  face.  3.  pop.  scherz. 
cockade.  4.  spreg.  decoration. 

Etym.  Span,  pataca,  <  Arabic  bat&qa,  <  abft 
(or  abott)  idea,  lit.  father  of  a  window,  a  name 
given  by  the  Moors  in  Spain  to  the  Spanish  piastres 
on  which  were  stamped  the  pillars  of  Hercules,  sug- 
gesting the  idea  of  a  window.  As  a  parallel  to  this 
the  Austrian  thaler  used  in  commerce  with  parts  of 
Africa  is  called  by  the  Burnt!  tribe  butter,  i.e.  bit. 
tair,  meaning  father  of  the  bird,  referring  to  the 
Austrian  eagle. 

Patacchfna  /.;  an  old  Ligurian  copper-coin. 
t  Stare  sulla  —  ,  to  stand  upon  ceremony. 

Patacc6n-e  m.,  -a/.;  i.  augm. 
Patacca,  big  copper  coin.  2.  big  watch. 
3.  fat  person.  4.  person  covered  with 
dirt.  5.  Come  le  scarpe  di  Pataccone 
fatte  di  chiodi,  or  senza  punti,  said  of 
a  person  with  many  debts  and  no 
money,  v.  Chiodo. 

•Pataffio  M.  ;  =  Epitaffio. 

Pataffi6n-e  m.,  -a  /;  fat,  clumsy 
person,  /*'/.  solemn  as  an  epitaph. 

Patagio  m.  (L.)  ;  gold  border  on  the  tunic  of 
an  ancient  Roman  lady. 

Patanflan-o  m.,  -a  /;  big  boy  or 
girl. 

Patan-o  (prob.  from  the  root  of 
Patere);  i.  big,  plain;  Ragioni  -e, 
manifest  reasons.  2.  (accompanying 
a  gesture  with  the  hands)  Tanto  —  ,  so 
big,  indicating  the  size. 

Patapum  ;  imitative  for  the  sound  of  a  heavy 
body  failing, 

Pataraccia/T;  a  species  of  flat  fish,  v.  Suacia. 

Patarachion  m.:  dab  (fish),  Platessa  limanda. 

Patarassa/:  (=Fr.  patarasse,  Italianised,  cp. 

Span,  pitqrrasa  ;    the    Italian    term   is   Cataraffa)  ; 

(war.)  horsing  iron. 

Patarazzi  m.  pi.;  v.  Paterasso. 
•Patarino;  v.  Palermo. 
*  Patascia  ;  v.  Petacchio. 
•Patasitay^;  remedy. 

Patassfo  m.  (etym.  unkn.);  noise  of 
quarrelling. 

Patat-a  f.  (native  Haitian  word  for 
yam,  adopted  by  the  Spaniards,  and 
hence  by  the  Italians  and  English,  for 
the  potato  ;  cp.  Germ,  dialectic  Patake, 
in  East  Franconia;  the  usual  German 
word  for  potato,  on  the  other  hand,  is 
Kartoffel,  an  alteration  of  Tartoffel,<. 
Ital.  tartufo,  truffle,  showing  that  the 
potato  reached  Germany  from  Italy)  ; 

1.  potato,  Solanum  tuberosum,  a  native 
of  Peru;  Farsi  tirar  le  -e,  =  Farsi  min- 
chionare,   to   get   oneself   laughed   at. 

2.  Jig.  corn  on  the  foot  ;  Far  rincarar  le 
-e,  scherz.  to  have   corns   or  to   have 
a  yellow  complexion,  lit.  to  raise  the 
price  of  potatoes.    3.  Olio  di  —  ,  potato 
spirit.     Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio   potato- 
salesman,  -ata  blow  with  a  potato,  -fna 
dim.  vezz.  -fne  tenere,  new  potatoes. 

Patatrac   m.  ;   the   noise  of  a  fall. 
g'.  of  a  commercial  smash. 


Patatucco  m.  ;  orig.  a  sort  of  cape 
worn  by  Austrian  soldiers,  hence  a 
nickname  in  Lombardy  for  the  soldier 
himself,  and  so  any  stupid  and  strange 
person. 

Patayinita  f.;  the  provincial  tinge  alleged  to 
exist  in  Livy,  who  came  from  Pataviut  .,  now  Padua. 


•Pate  »;.;=  Padre,  father. 

•Patefatto(L.);  manifest. 

•Pate'lla./  (I..);  i.  basin,  ii.  limpet,  iii.  knee- 
cap. 

Patellari  m.  pi.  (L.);  the  Lares,  household 
gods. 

Patem-a  (pi.  -i)  m.  (Gr.  7rn%ia); 
mental  suffering. 

Patina/  (L.);  (eccl.)  paten,  salver 
for  the  consecrated  bread  or  cover  for 
the  cup.  *  manger  for  horses. 

Patente  (L.);  i.  patent,  conspicu- 
ous. 2.  (herald)  expanding;  Croce — , 
cross  patonce,  where  each  of  the  four 
branches  of  the  cross  expands  from  the 
centre  of  the  shield  outwards.  3.  as 
sb.  f.,  certificate,  licence ;  —  di  campo, 
fair  field,  for  a  duel,  granted  by  au- 
thority so  as  to  guarantee  no  treachery ; 
hence  sometimes,  challenge  to  a  duel ; 
Sottoporre  a  — ,  to  patent.  4.  (eccl.) 
name  for  certain  episcopal  dues. 

Patentemente;  manifestly. 

Patentlno  m. ;  dim.  Patente,  special 
game-licence  granting  licence  to  kill 
game  outside  the  usual  time-limits. 

Pater;  short  for  Paternoster,  ^(inar.)  parrel- 
truck,  v.  Bertoccio. 

Patera  f.  (L.);  vessel  for  libation  to  the 
gods. 

Pateracchlo  m.  (presumably  a  trivial 
dim.  formed  from  Patto);  agreement 
between  two  persons,  esp.  for  marriage. 
Si  videro  si  piacquero  e  si  fece  tosto  il 
— ,  they  met  and  took  a  fancy  to  each 
other  and  very  soon  made  it  up. 

Pater-asso,  -azzo  ?«. ;  i.  (mar.)  in//.,  back- 
stays. 2.  —  da  calafato,  reeming  iron. 

Etym.  The  only  attempt  at  derivation  is  that 
of  Guglielmotti,  who  suggests  that  the  word  in  sense 
(i)  is  a  variant  of  Pateracchio,  as  being  something  in 
accord  with  the  shrouds  to  hold  up  the  mast.  For 
sense  (2)  v.  Patarassa. 

Paterazzetti  m.  pi.;  (mar.)  royal  and  top- 
gallant backstays. 

"Patere  (L-);  defective  verb;  the  forms  used 
were  pate,  patesti,  patere;  the  part,  patente  being 
still  current,  v.  supra,  in  loco  ;  to  appear  plainly. 

Patereccio,  Petereccio  iff. ;  pop.  for  Paner- 
eccio,  whitlow. 

Paterino  (Patarino)  m.  (prob.  < 
Pataria,  a  quarter  in  old  Milan  where 
the  sect  congregated);  orig.  one  of 
a  sect  of  Manichaeans  who  came  from 
Bulgaria  to  settle  in  Milan  in  the  nth 
century,  hence  generally,  heretic,  schis- 
matic. 

*  Paterliare ;  to  rattle  off  a  Paternoster. 
Paterna/];  (itiar.)v.  Baderna. 

Paternale  / ;  i.  severe  scolding. 
2.  variant  of  Pettrinale,  blunderbuss. 
*As  adj.,  =  Paterno. 

Patern-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Paternal);  as  E. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Paternbster,  Paternbstro  m. ;    i. 

the  Lord's  prayer.  2.  scherz.  Lo  sapete 
il  —  questo  posto  non  e  vostro,  said 
when  asking  some  one  to  give  us  up 
our  seat.  3.  in  //.,  the  larger  beads  of 
the  rosary,  i.e.  every  eleventh  bead ; 
Sentiie  i  paternostri  nella  schiena,  to 
feel  the  spines  of  the  vertebrae  in  a  thin 
person.  4.  paste  for  soup  in  large 
pieces.  5.  (mar.)  v.  Pater. 

Paternostrino  m. ;  one  of  the 
largest  beads  of  the  rosary,  v.  Pater- 
noster (3). 

54—2 


428 


PATETICO— PAVESATA 


Patetic-o   (L.,<Gr.);    i.   pathetic. 

2.  gloomy,  melancholy  (voice,  face,  etc.). 

3.  (anat.)  superior  oblique  (muscle  of 
the  eye).    4.  lingering  (fever). 

*Pnnto    — ,    note    of  admiration    (!).     Aff.    -a- 
mente. 

Patetic6ne  ;  aitgtn.  Patetico  (2). 

Pateticume  w.;  false  pathos. 
*  Patevole ;  endurable. 

Patibile  ;  =  Passibile.  Ho  patito  il 
— ,  I  have  suffered  to  the  full. 

Patibolare  adj. ;  Faccia  — ,  gallows 
face. 

Patibolo  m. ;  i.  place  of  execution. 
2.  torture. 

Etym.  L.  patibulum,  <  patere,  to  be  open. 
The  patit>ulum  was  an  instrument  of  punishment 
for  slaves,  shaped  liked  a  tuning-fork,  the  offender's 
neck  being  placed  in  the  fork  and  his  hands  fastened 
to  the  other  end. 

Patic-o  (A)  (L.,<Gr.);  submitting  to  unnatural 
lust. 

(B)  Aloe  -a,  =  Aloe  epatica. 

Patimento  m.;  v.  Patire.     'damage. 

Patina/;  i.  incrustation  on  old 
statues,  pictures,  etc.,  probably  so  called 
from  L.  patina,  dish,  since  old  copper 
dishes  are  always  so  incrusted.  2. 
coating  of  grease  on  a  hide.  3.  coating 
on  the  tongue  due  to  indigestion. 

Patinare  ind.  patino;  v.  Patina  (2). 

PatinaYio  (L.  patina,  dish) ;  greedy. 

Patin-atbre,  -atura;  v.  Patinare. 


ind.  patisco  patisci  ecc.,  or 
*pato  *pati  ecc.,  perf.  patii,  subj.  patis- 
ca...patiscano,  or  pop.  patischino,/izr/. 
patito,  *passo  or  *patuto  (L.  patior); 
to  suffer.  Non  si  lascia  — ,  he  does 
himself  well.  —  di,  to  suffer  for  lack 
of.  Non  — ,  not  to  admit  of  (delay). 
(Viso)  patito,  worn,  harassed-looking, 
pinched. 

*  i.   to  tolerate,  put  up  with.     ii.   of  the  weather, 
to  permit,    in.  =  Smaltire,  Digerire,  to  digest,    iv.  — 
di  uno,  to  be  without  him. 

Patito  m. ;  scherz.  lover.  *in  //., 
rejected  suitors. 

Pato-genico  ;  pathogenic.  -gnom6nico ; 
symptomatic,  -logia,  -logico,  Patologo ;  as  E. 

Patrasso  (Patrasse,  Patrassi)  w.  ;  {geogr.) 
Patras,  in  Gree_ce.  (Mandare  or  Andare)  a  — , 
sckerz.  to  perdition,  prob.  with  a  word-play  between 
Patras  and  patres,  referring  to  the  L.  ire  ad  patres, 
for  dying. 

•Patre  m.  (L.  pater);  the  Pope,  D.  Inf.  19.  117. 

*  Patremo;  =  Mio  padre. 

*  Patresonno  m.;  lethargical  person. 

*  Patreto  ;  =  Tuo  padre. 
Patriay:  (L.);  country. 

Patriarc-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.  irarpia,  tribe,  apx«>, 
to  rule);  i.  patriarch.  2.  founder.  *  father.  Aff. 
•ale,  -alm^nte,  -ato,  patriarch's  province  or  residence. 

*  Patriarchia  f. ;  =  Patriarcato. 

*  Patrice  w.;=Patrizio,  patrician. 

Patrigno  >n.  (L.pater,  cp.  Matrigna); 
stepfather. 

*Patrignomo;  =  Mcopatrigno. 

Patrimoni-ale  adj.,  -etto  (dim.  of  -o),  -no 
dim.  (smaller  than  -etto),  -o,  -6ne  augm.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. ;  patrimonial,  etc.  (L.  patrimonijttn). 

*Patrmo>«.;i.  =Padrino.   ii.  =Parroco.   m.  adj. 
—  Paterno. 

Patrio;  i.  of  the  fatherland.  2.  (leg.)  of  the 
father. 

Patriott-a,  -o  tn.;  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico, 
-ismo. 

Etym.  L.  patriota,  denizen  of  a  country  ;  the 
word  assumed  its  present  meaning  in  Italian,  as  in 
French,  through  the  phrase  Buono  patriotta,  the 
full  sense  of  which  was  given  to  the  substantive  by 
itself. 

Patristicay:;  knowledge  of  the  writings  of  the 
Fathers. 


Patrizi-ato  w.;  patrician  order.    Aff.  -o. 
Patrizzare  ;  —  Padreggiare,    to   be    like    the 
father. 

Patrocin-are  (L.,<patronus,  with 
suffix  based  upon  the  root  of  canere,  to 
sing,  v.  Vaticinio) ;  to  defend,  to  cham- 
pion (a  cause).  Aff.  -ato  client,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -io  patronage. 

*  Patrologia  f. ;  =  Patristica. 

Patrdnay". ;  patroness.     "  =  Giberna,  pouch. 

Patron-ale  adj.  of  -o.  -ato  m. ;  i.  (ecc/.) 
legal  rights  of  a  patron.  2.  in  reference  to  ancient 
law,  the  rights  of  a  patronvs  over  a  freedman, 
libertus.  -essay!,  -imico;  as  E. 

Patrdno  in.  (L.);  patron,  protector.  *(mar.) 
captain. 

Patsciull ;  v.  Pacciuli. 

Patta/  (A)  (from  the  same  source 
as  Patto) ;  at  games.  Far  —  or  Far 
pari  e  — ,  to  be  all  square,  even.  — , 
at  chess,  stalemate.  The  expression 
is  also  used  generally,  Questi  diede  a 
quello  del  furfante,  1'  altro  a  lui  dello 
stupido  ;  pari  e  patta ;  this  man  called 
that  one  a  rogue  and  he  retaliated  by 
telling  the  other  he  was  a  fool ;  so  they 
were  all  square. 

(B);  i.  slap;  Ti  do  una  — ,  I  shall 
slap  you;  Battere  una  — ,  to  fall  with 
a  thud,  v.  Pattone.  2.  (#z<2r.)  =  Marra, 
fluke  of  an  anchor,  Fr.  patte. 

ti.  (mar.)=  Branca  (3),  bowline-bridle,  ii.  in  the 
dialect  of  Cremona  =  Falda,  flap  of  a  coat. 

Etym.  From  a  low  German  imitative  stem  pat, 
expressive  of  the  idea  of  flopping,  cp.  Span,  pata, 
Fr.  patte,  the  foot  of  an  animal,  old  E.  pat  or  patte 
sb.,  i.e.  foot  of  a  goose  or  baby,  etc.;  also  Fr. 
pataud,  puppy,  from  its  large  floppy  paws,  patauger, 
to  flop  about  in  the  mud,  and  Germ,  patsclieln,  to 
waddle,  Patschfuss,  web-footed  bird,  Patte,  flap  of 
a  coat. 

The  English  verb,  to  pat,  seems  to  be  from  a 
slightly  different  stem  plat  (whence  Germ.  Plats,  a 
smash,  platzen,  to  explode),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pat. 

*(C);=Epatta,  epact. 

*  Pattare  ;=  Impattare,  to  be  square,  v.  Patta  (A). 

Patteggi-are  ind.  pattdggio  (It.  pat- 
to);  to  come  to  terms.  Aff.  -dbile, 
-amdnto,  -atore. 

*  Patti ;  —  e  pagati,  all  square,  v.  Patta  (A). 
*Patticcio  IK.  (Romance  root  fat,  v.  Pattume); 

sweepings  placed  at  the  mouth  of  a  charcoal  pit. 

Pattinare ;  to  skate. 

Pattino,  Pattlno  m.  (Fr.  patin,< 
Romance  root,  pat,  of  Low  German 
origin,  v.  Patta,  B,  etym.~);  I.  skate. 
2.  in  pi.,  guide-blocks  for  the  piston- 
head  in  a  large  pumping-engine.  3. 
raft  made  of  two  planks  and  a  con- 
necting piece. 

Patt-0  »/.  (L.  pactum,<pacisco,  to 
agree,  akin  to  pango,  to  fix,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Pact);  i.  agreement.  2.  Siam  di 
-i,  it  is  agreed  between  us.  3.  Venire 
a  -i,  to  come  to  terms.  4.  —  i  chiari, 
a  clear  understanding.  5.  A  —  di,  at 
the  cost  of;  Gli  voglio  parlare,  a  —  di 
star  qui  mezza  giornata,  I  must  see 
him  if  1  have  to  wait  half  the  day  for  it. 
Similarly,  A  tutti  i  -i,  at  whatever  cost. 
6.  Piu  che  di  -i,  excessively.  7.  -i 
colonici,  or  absol.  -i,  presents,  such  as 
early  vegetables  or  the  like  from  a 
tenant-farmer  to  his  landlord  over  and 
above  the  agreed  rent. 

*i.  justice,  ii.  Cavar  — ,  to  obtain  advantage 
skilfully,  iii.  Di  cheto  o  di  — ,  either  by  love  or 
by  force. 


Pattona/  (for  **  Paltona, <  L.  puls, 
pultis,  thick  pap  made  of  pulse,  cp.  Gr. 
iroXros)  ;  polenta  made  of  chestnut- 
flour.  *a  kind  of  thin  chestnut-cake, 
v.  Neccio. 

Pattonaio  m. ;  i .  seller  of  Pattona. 
2.  great  eater  of  the  same.  3.  awkward- 
looking  person. 

Patt6ne  m.  ;  augm.  Patta  (B) ;  hard 
slap,  or  the  sound  of  a  heavy  fall. 

*  Pattovire  ;  to  conclude  (a  bargain). 

Pattugli-a  /  (Fr.  patouille,  early 
form  of  patrouille,<patte,  v.  Patta,  B); 
patrol;  Essere  di  — ,  to  be  on  patrol 
duty.  Una  —  di  giovinastri,  a  troop  of 
young  dare-devils.  Aff.  -are  verb. 

Pattu-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  patto);  to 
strike  a  bargain,  or  tr.  to  engage. 

*  Pattumaio  in.  ;  i.    house-to-house  scavenger, 
ii.    dung-heap. 

Pattume  m.  ( <  Romance  stem  pata, 
foot,  that  which  is  trampled,  v.  Patta, 
B,  cp.  Fr.  patrouillis,  quagmire,  <pa- 
trouiller,  to  dabble  in  the  mud);  i.  dust 
and  dirt,  litter,  also  in  fig.  sense.  2. 
fern,  heather,  etc.,  for  litter. 

t Pattumieray".;  dust-bin. 
tPattuvire;  v.  Pattuire. 

Patullarsi ;  to  enjoy  oneself.  With 
double  accusative,  to  poke  fun  at  (a 
person)  without  his  finding  it  out. 

Etym.  According  to  Pianigiani,  coined  from 
the  opening  verse  of  Virgil's  eclogues,  Tityre  ttt 
fiatitlat:  recubans  sub  tegmine  /agi,  patulaf  being 
twisted  into  representing  the  attitude  of  Tityrus. 
But  it  is  more  probably  <  Span,  patullar,  to  squash, 
v.  Patta,  B,  etytn. 

*Patulo(L.);  broad. 

Paturne,  Patvirnie  /  pi. ;  the 
dumps. 

Etym.  Amplified  <  L.  fatior,  to  suffer  ;  the 
word  suggests  an  attraction  from  Saturnius,  Saturn 
being  the  malign  planet. 

Paul6nia  f. ',  a  Japanese  tree  resembling  a 
Catalpa,  Pauloiunia  imperiaiis. 

Pauperismo  m.  (a  word  recently  adopted  from 
English). 

Paur-a/  (L.  favor,  v.  Pudicamente, 
cp.  Fr.  pear);  fear.  Sembrare  una  — , 
said  of  a  person  who  is  very  tall  and 
thin. 

Aff.  -accia/<g£.,  -e"tta  dim.,  -iccia  dim.,  -osa- 
mente,  -oso,  -uccia  dim. 

Paus-a  f.  (L.) ;  pause.  —  d'  una  minima, 
(mus.)  minim  rest.  Aff.  -are,  to  move  slowly. 

Pausania  ;    in   iron,    sense   with   a   word-play 
upon  Pausa,  one  who  mouths  out  his  words. 
*Pausia/;;  a  variety  of  olive. 

Pavame  tn. ;  Indian  name  for  sassafras. 
*  Pavanay;  (Span,  pavdna,  further  etytn.  dub.)  ; 
i.  a  slow  dance,     ii.  in  a  horse,  some  jerky  kind  of 
trot. 

•Pavaniglia/:;  /.?.  Pavana  (i). 

Pave  (de/tct.  verb,  only  poet.,  L.  pavet);  (he) 
fears. 

Pavefatto  (L.  pavefactus) ;  terrified. 

Paventare  ind.  pavento  (L.  paven- 
tem) ;  tr.  or  intr.  to  fear. 

tPavero  m. ;  -  Lucignolo,  wick. 
Pavesaio  m.  (It.  pavese);  soldier. 

Pavesare  ind.  pavdso ;  i .  to  deco- 
rate, dress  a  ship  or  a  street,  etc.  with 
flags,  orig.  to  dress  a  ship  with  shields 
along  the  bulwarks,  -v.  Pavese  (A).  2.  to 
run  up  the  flag  on  going  into  action. 

Pavesata/;  i.  shelter  of  interlocked 
shields.  2.  dressing  a  ship,  v.  Pavesare. 
3.  parapet  of  planks  put  up  to  shelter 


PAVESE— PEDANEO 


the  deck  of  a  galley  when  going  into 
action. 

Pave"se  (A)  m. ;  i.v.  Palvese,  shield. 
2.  (mar.)  tarpaulin  to  cover  the  ham- 
mock nettings,  hammock-cloth.  3.  flag 
used  for  dressing  a  ship,  v.  Pavesare. 
4.  =  Pavesata  (3). 

(B)  as  adj. ;  of  Pavia. 

Pavia  /.;    (kot.)  a  genus   including   the    red- 
Howered  horse-chestnut,  Pavia  rutra. 
*  Paviano  fit.',  a  Lombard  coin. 

Pavid-o  (L.,  z/.  Pudicamente) ; 
frightened.  Aff.  -ame"nte. 

Pavimentare  ind.  pavime'nto ;  to 
pave. 

Pavime'nto  m.  (L.,<pavire,  to  ram); 
pavement,  floor.  *=  Piano,  story. 

Pav6n-a/;  peahen.  -azze"tto  m. ; 
purple-streaked  marble,  -azzo  ;  purple. 
-azzdgnolo;  purplish. 

Pavoncella  /;  (ornith.)  peewit, 
Vanellus  cristatus,  also  termed  Fifa, 
Vanello. 

Pav6n-e  m.  (L.  pavo,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Peacock);  peacock.  -  d'  India,  = 
Tacchino,  turkey.  Aff.  -cello  or  -cino 
dims.,  -eggiare  to  strut  like  a  peacock, 
-dssa  peahen. 

Pavoniccio ;  =  Pavonazzo,  purple. 

tPavptto  ;  Pesce  — ,  v.  Caprisco. 

Pazient-are  ind,  paziento ;  to  wait.  Aff.  -e 
patient,  -emente.  Etym.  L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Patient. 

Pazienza  /;  i.  patience;  Punta 
— ,  no  patience  (shall  be  required),  i.e. 
don't  be  impatient.  2.  friar's  gown  in 
certain  Orders,  with  no  sleeves  but 
open  at  the  sides.  3.  Color  — ,  dark 
brown.  4.  cord  worn  by  a  friar  round 
the  waist.  5.  (mar.)  in  //.,  sheet-bitts, 
the  set  of  bitts  to  which  the  numerous 
ropes  at  the  foot  of  every  mast  are 
fastened.  6.  (mar.)  fork  for  supporting 
the  trysail  or  its  yard  when  it  is  lowered. 
7.  an  instrument  for  holding  buttons 
requiring  to  be  polished,  also  termed 
Lustrino.  8.  (tot.)  (a)  =  Botri,  Cheno- 
podium  botrys;  (t)  Erba  — ,  patience 
dock,  Rumex patientia ;  (c)  Albero  della 
— ,  Indian  lilac,  v.  Perlaro  (3). 

Pazienz-ina  /;  dim.  of  -a.  — 
santa,  said  by  a  person  who  will  not 
show  his  impatience. 

Pazza  uomini  f.;  {bat.)  yellow  amaryllis. 
Amaryllis  lutea. 

Pazz-acchi6ne  m.  •  whimsical  fellow. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg_.  of  -o,  -ame'nte,  -arello 
i.q.  -erello,  -eggiame"nto,  -eggiare  to  play 
the  fool,  -erellata  mad  trick,  -erelli'no 
dim.  spreg.  of  -erello,  -erello  dim.  vezz. 
of  -o,  -erellone  augm.  spreg.,  -en'a 
i.  craziness.  2.  insane  ward  of  a 
hospital,  -er6ne  half  crazy  fellow,  -es- 
came"nte,  -e"sco  rather  mad,  -fa  madness, 
or  mad  act,  -fno  dim.  of  -o,  -iola  dim. 
of  -ia. 

Pazz-0;  mad,  slightly  more  definite 
than  Matto,  just  as  mad  is  slightly 
more  definite  than  crazy.  Acqua  -a,  thin 
soup,  wine  and  water,  or  milk  and  water. 

Ktym.  O.H.G.  karzjan,  M.H.G.  barzcn,  to 
rave,  whence  a  bit.  or  Ital.  form  **parziare,  "parzo, 


pazzo.     The  disappearance  of  the  r  is  paralleled  by 
Gazzo,  <  Span,  garzo,  Dosso,  <  L.  dorstim,  etc. 

"Pazzombroglio;  A  — ,  i.  confusedly,  ii.  in 
a  mutilated  way. 

Pazzuccio  ;  dim.  Pazzo. 

Pe  m.;  i.  child's  game  of  turning  a  coin  over 
by  blowing  at  it.  2.  puff  at  a  pipe  or  cigar.  *  = 
Piede,  foot. 

Pe' ;  i.  =Per.    2.  =Pei,  i.e.  Per  i. 

Pean,  Peana,  Peane  m.  (Gr.);  paean,  orig. 
hymn  to  Apollo. 

Pebrina  /. ;  a  disease  of  silkworms,  character- 
ised by  the  presence  of  psorosperms. 

Pecc-a  /  (L.) ;  fault.  Aff.  -abile,  -abilita, 
•ammosamente,  -aminoso  sinful,  -are  to  sin,  -ataccio 
pegg-  of  -ato. 

Peccat-o  ;«. ;  i.  (tkeol.)  sin;  —  at- 
tuale,  sinful  act;  -- -  originale,  sinful- 
ness  derived  from  Adam  ;  —  mortale, 
one  of  the  seven  deadly  sins,  pride, 
covetousness,  lust,  anger,  gluttony,  envy 
and  sloth.  2.  quasi-fig.  fault  in  style, 
etc.  3.  As  excl.  — !  or  Che  — !  what 
a  pity!  Similarly,  O  che  e  — ?  where 
is  the  wonder  of  it  ?  Aff.  -uccio,  -uzzo 
dims. 

Pecc-at6re  m.;  sinner.  Aff.  -atdra,  -atrice, 
-atoraccio  fgg-  but  °ft«n  scherz. 

•Pecchero  m.  (O.H.G.  fe/thar,  <blt.  bacar, 
wine-jar,  cp.  Sicilian  bacara) ;  large  wine-glass. 

Pe'cchia/  (A)  (L.  apicula,  dim.  of 
apis,  bee);  i.  bee.  2.  in//.,  bee-orchis, 
•v.  Fiore  (16,  i.). 

(B)  (variant  of  Pecchero) ;  =  Caldai- 
ata,  kettle-full. 

(C) ;  peel  of  an  olive  or  chestnut,  v. 
Sansa  (2). 

•Pecchiare;  to  drink  freely,  //'/.  to  suck  like  a 
bee. 

•Pecchi-olino  m. ;  dim.  of -a. 

Pecchi6ne  m.  (augm.  Pecchia);  i. 
bumble-bee.  2.  drone. 

•  Peccia/  (variant  of  Pancia);  belly. 

•  Pecciata  /;  blow  on  the  belly. 

•  Peccio  m.  (variant  of  Pezzo) ;  piece. 

•  Pecciolo  m. ;  a  variety  of  fig-tree 
•Pecciuto;  variant  of  Panciuto. 

Pecco  m. ;  variant  of  Pecca,  fault. 
tPeccola./;  =  Teccola,  spotted  crake. 

Pe"ce  /.  (L.  pix) ;  pitch.  -  liquida, 
tar.  —  greca,  hard  rosin,  colophony. 

Pece'tta  /  ;  I.  pitch  plaster.  2. 
spreg.  any  trifling  matter.  3.  fir. 
nuisance,  bore. 

Pechfno  m.;  (geogr.)  Peking. 

Peciaiu&lo  m. ;  soldering  box. 

Pecile  m. ;  the  oroi  ITOIKI'AT)  of  Athens,  adorned 
with  frescoes  of  the  battle  of  Marathon,  by  Polygno- 
tus. 

Pecidso;  pitchy,  smeared  with  pitch. 

Pecidtto  OT.;=Picchiotto,  nut-hatch 
Pecoliera/;  pitch-boat,  pitch-hou-",7< 
Pecfjntro  m.\  (»ra>-.)=Percontro,  s.^if-piece. 

Pecor-a/  (L.pecus);  sheep.  Carta 
— ,  parchment.  Aff.  -accia  pegg., 
-aggine  sheepishness,  -aio  shepherd, 
-afno  dim.  of  -aio,  -ame  fig.  flock  of 
imitators,  *-are  to  bleat,  to  whimper, 
-aro  =  -aio,  -e"ccio  sheepish,  or  as  sb., 
mess,  foolish  business. 

Pecorella/ ;  i.  dim.  Pecora.  2.  in 
pi.,  foam  of  the  waves,  "  white  horses." 
3.  fleecy  clouds. 

Pecor-escamente  adv.,  -isco  adj  -4tta 
dim.  of  -a. 

Pecorfle  m.\i.  sheepfold.  2.  sheep- 
dung. 

Pecorina/;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Pecora. 
2.  =  Pecorella  (3). 

Pecorin-o  m. ;    i.  lamb.    2.  sheep- 


429 

dung.  3.  sheep's  milk  cheese.  4.  as 
adj.,  sheepish;  Carta  -a  =  Cartapecora, 
parchment. 

*i.  fig.  silly  fool.     ii.   Fare  come  il  —  di  Dico- 
mano,  to  discover  oneself  just  at  the  wrong  moment. 

Pecoro  m. ;  i.  wether,  ram;  but 
a  breeding  ram  is  usu.  called  Montone. 
2.  cuckold. 


Pecordne  m.  (augm.  Pecoro)  ;  man 
without  any  grit,  spiritless  creature. 

•i.  person  who  is  always  blubbering,     ii.  Entrare 
—  ,  or  Studlare  il  —  ,  to  show  oneself  to  be  a  fool. 

Pecor-<5so;  full  of  sheep,  -ume  m  • 
spreg.  fig.,  v.  -ame. 

f^PeCt^!a'  -'C0'  -ina>  -^ia  (Gr.  *T*TM6,, 
reezmg  <*4)H>mu,  to  fasten)  ;  pectase,  etc.  Pectine 
is  a  soluble  gelatinising  substance,  obtained  from 
close,  a  body  contained  in  unripe  fruit,  by  the 
action  of  the  ferment  known  as  pectase  Pectic 
means  congealing,  curdling. 

•Pecuariay!;  the  management  of  sheep. 
*  Pecugho  ;  v.  Peculio  (ii). 
Peculfa'r0  "''  (H;  ma'vcrs:ltio'l  °f  P"Wic  funds. 

Pecuhar-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Peciilio  m.  (L.);  i.  orig.  property 
given  to  a  dependent  under  ancient 
Roman  law,  whether  a  son  or  a  slave  ; 
—  castrense,  property  acquired  by  a  son 
through  military  service,  and  with  the 
consent  of  his  father  ;  —  quasi  castrense, 
property  acquired  by  a  son  through 
inheritance  from  his  mother.  2.  savings 

*i.  herd.     ii.  (feel.)  flock. 

mentor  ^  ^  "*m  T"     **  '^ 
'Pecunioso  ;  i.  wealthy,     ii.  greedy  of  money. 

t  Pedaggio  m.  (bit.  pedagium,<pe- 
dare,<pes,  foot);  toll  (for  going  over 
a  bridge,  etc.). 

"Pedag-iere,  -ggiere  m.;  toll-collector. 

Pedagna  /;  (mar.}  stretcher,  in 
rowing. 

Pedagn&lo  m.  (L.  pedaneolus,  dim. 
of  pedaneus,<pes,  foot,  in  the  sense  of 
support);    i.    stem   of  a   young    tree 
2.    billet  of  charcoal.     3.    as  adj.,  be- 
longing to  the  stem. 


*Pedagnuolo»,.;  tree-trunk,  serving  as  a  bridge 
over  a  ditch.    As  adj.  ,  =  Pedagnolo  (3) 

Pcdagog-hcriay:;  educational  matters.  Aff. 
-la  art  of  teaching,  -icamente,  -ico,  -ista  writer  about 
education,  -izzare  vb.,  -a  educator,  pedagogue 
£.tym.  Or.  n-aioaywycfs. 

*  Pedagra  f.;  =  Podagra,  gout. 

Pedal-are  ind.  peddlo;   to  ride  on 
a  bicycle,     -astro  m.  ;  unskilful  cyclist. 
Pedalata/;  blow  with  a  Pedale. 

Pedale  m.  (L.  pedalis,  belonging  to 
the  foot);  i.  trunk  (of  a  tree  or  coral). 
2.  stalk  of  straw  for  plaiting.  3.  pedal. 
4.  (shoem.)  knee-strap,  for  holding  the 
boot  on  the  knee. 

*i.  genealogical  tree.     ii.  =  Falda,  foot-hill 
Pedal-eggiare  ind   pedaleggio;  to  pedal,  v. 
- 


(3).     -lera/;  the  pedals. 
Pedamento  m.  ;  =  Assito,  flooring. 

Pedana  /  (L.  pes,  pedis);   \.  foot- 
rest.     2.  fender  in  front  of  a  fire-place. 

3.  lining  at  the  bottom  part  of  a  gown 
or  of  the  legs  of  a  pair  of  trousers. 

4.  rug  for  the  feet.     5.  wrapper  round 
a  writing-table  to  screen  off  draughts. 
6.  =  Pedule.      7.     (vet.)    an    infectious 
disease  of  the  mouth  or  nostrils. 

*  Pedaneo  ;  (hist.)  (judge)  in  minor  causes. 


430 


PEDANO— PELLAME 


Pedano  m. ;  narrow  chisel. 

*i.  =  Pedale,  stem.    tii.  =  Penero,  fringe. 

Pedant-e  ;«.;  as  E.  Aff.  -accio  pegg . ,  -aggine 
=  -eria,  -eggiare,  -ello  dim.,  -eria,  -escamente,  -esco, 
-essa,  -Ino  flr.fna  dim.,  -one  or  -ona  attgm.,  -uccio, 
-iicolo,  -uzzolo  dints.  Ktym.  bit.  **  paedare,  <  Gr. 
nanSevia,  to  educate. 

Pedario  (L.);  Senatore  — ,  senator 
elect,  in  ancient  Rome,  prior  to  enrol- 
ment. The  word  pedarius,  from  pes, 
foot,  described  some  limitation  of  his 
position,  of  a  nature  not  exactly  known. 

Pedat-a/(L.  pes);  i.  kick.  2.  foot- 
print. 3.  sound  of  a  footfall.  4.  tread 
of  a  stair.  Aff.  -6ne  aitgjn. 

*  Pedemontano  ;  Piedmontese. 
Pederast-a  m.  (Gr.) ;  sodomite.     Ajf.  -ia. 

*  Pedere  (L.)  ;  to  break  wind. 
Pedestr-e  (L.)  ;  pedestrian.     Ajf.  -emente. 
Pedetentim  (I,,  word) ;  on  foot. 

*  Pedia  f. ;  education. 

Pediatr-ia  /  (Gr.);  cure  of  sick  children. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Pediatro  w.  (Gr.)  ;  corn-cutter. 

*  Pedica  f. ;  =  Pedata,  footprint, 
t  Pedicare  ;  =  Pedinare. 

*Pedicciuolo  in.  (dim.  Pede,  for  Piede);  short 
stalk. 

*  Pedicello  m.\   i.    v.  Pellicello,  etym.      ii.    in 
//.,  an  eruption  on  the  feet  in  horses. 

t  Pedicne  f,  pi. ;  =  Pietiche,  sawing-frame. 

Pedicolare,  Pediculare;    i.  (med.~) 
Morbo   — ,  the  itch.     2.   (hot.)  as  sb., 
-  de'  boschi,  louse-wort,  Pedicularis 
sylvatica  ;  —  de'  paduli,  marsh  louse- 
wort,  P.  palustris. 

Pediculo  m. ;  =Picciolo,  stalk. 
Pedicure  m. ;  corn-cutter. 

Pedign6a-e  m.  (L.  pernio,  chilblain 
on  the  foot;  though  perna  meant  ham 
or  leg:  pernio,  or  rather  permanent, 
under  the  attraction  of  Pede,  the  old 
form  of  Piede,  formed  the  It.  Pedig- 
none) ;  chilblain  on  the  foot.  Avere  i 
-i  nella  lingua,  to  speak  with  difficulty. 
*in//.,  iron,  spreg.,  the  feet  themselves. 

Pediluvio,  or  pop.  Piediluvi,  m. ; 
medicated  bath  for  the  feet,  cp.  Mani- 
luvio. 

Pedina  / ;  one  of  the  pieces  at 
draughts,  but  see  Pedino,  note. 

*i.  pawn.     ii.   Fare  una  — ad  uno,  to  hinder  his 
action,     iii. ,=passo  passo,  step  by  step. 

Pedinare  ind.  pedi'no  (Piedinare) ; 
i.  to  spy  upon.  2.  of  birds,  to  run. 

*  to  go  step  by  step. 

Pedln-0  m. ;  l.  dim.  scherz.  for 
Piedino ;  Giuocar  di  -i,  of  boys  and 
girls,  to  play  with  the  feet,  under  a 
table.  2.  pawn,  at  chess. 

t&r  Petrocchi  seems  to  distinguish  between 
Pedina  and  Pedino,  but  this  is  not  generally  accepted, 
the  usual  word  being  Pedina  either  for  pawn  at  chess 
or  man  at  draughts. 

Etym.  ditb.  The  derivations  forthcoming  are 
(i)  L.  pedo,  in  late  L.  sense  of  foot-soldier,  (2)  by 
some  modification  from  the  stem  pic,  v.  Picca,  the 
pawns  having  been  made  as  pikemen,  (3)  from 
Proven9-  peon,<pao,  peacock,  the  pawns  having 
been  made  as  peacocks.  The  first  seems  the  simplest, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Pawn. 

*  Pedio  M.  (Gr.  TreSt'of)  ;  metatarsus  of  the  foot. 
Pedissequo  (L.)  ;  slavish  follower. 

*  Peditato  m.  (L.)  ;  infantry. 
*Pediti  m.  pi.',  foot-soldiers. 

Pedivella/ ;  pedal  arm  of  a  bicycle. 

*  Pedo  m.  (L.  pedvm)  ;  shepherd's  staff. 

*  Pedocchio  wi.;  =  Pidocchio,  louse.    t=Mitilo, 
mussel. 

Pedoc6mio  m.  (Gr.  rrmr,  Kofu(a)  ; 
children's  hospital. 


*Pedona  f.;  =  Pedina,  pawn. 

*  Pedonaggio  m. ;  number  of  foot-soldiers. 

*  Pedonaglia  f.\  infantry. 

Pedonale  ;  (road)  for  foot-passengers  only. 

*  Pedoncina./^;  dim.  Pedona. 

Peddne  m.  (L.  pedo  in  bit.  sense  of 
walker ;  the  old  meaning  was  splay- 
footed) ;  i.  adj.  or  adv.,  on  foot.  2.  as 
so.,  walker.  3.  =  Pedino,  pawn.  *i.= 
Pedale.  ii.  staff. 

•Ped-ota,  -oto,  -otta  or  -otto  m. ;  guide. 

Peducciaio  m. ;  seller  of  peducci. 
•Peduccino  m.;  suo-dim.  Piede. 

Peduccio  m.  ;  i.  butcher's  term  for 
foot  of  a  small  animal ;  Peducci,  trotters. 
2.  (arch.,  etc.)  bracket.  3.  (hot.)  pedicel. 
4.  (skoetn.)  front  part  of  a  last. 

*  =  Pieduccio  ;  Far  — ,  to  support  (an  opinion). 

Pedul-e  ;«. ;  foot  of  a  stocking. 
(Calze)  a  -i,  with  the  foot  of  the  same 
make  as  the  leg. 

'i.  In  -i,  (a)  poverty-stricken,  (6)  barefooted, 
ii.  Frittata  in  -i,  omelet  with  slices  of  bread. 

Peduncol-o  nt.\  stalk.  Ajff.  -ato,  -etto  or  -ino 
dim. 

Pegaso,  Pegasco  m.;  i.  Pegasus.  2.  a  fish, 
Pegasus  draco. 

Peggi-accio  ;  pegg.  of  -o.  Alia  -accia,  abom- 
inably. 

Peggio,  Peggi6re  (L.  pejus,  pejor, 
comparative  of  **pestus,  v.  Peste) ; 
worse.  Restare  colla  — ,  to  be  de- 
feated. At  billiards,  Pagare  il  — ,  or  i 
peggi,  to  pay  one's  losses.  Alia  — ,  (to 
do  a  thing)  somehow  or  other. 

Peggior-amento  m. ;  getting  worse,  -are  ;  to 
worsen. 

Peggiorativo  ;  pejorative,  making 
worse.  The  Italian  suffix  -accio,  <  L. 
-aceus,  is  always  pejorative,  but  as  this 
can  hardly  be  called  an  English  word, 
though  it  is  entered  in  dictionaries,  it 
seems  preferable  to  mark  words  in 
-accio  as  pegg.  Almost  every  Italian 
substantive  and  adjective  can  be  thus, 
so  to  say,  pejorated  ;  the  pejorative 
forms  entered  in  this  dictionary  are 
those  entered  by  Petrocchi. 

Peggiorat6re  m. ;  one  who  makes  worse,  spoils. 
Peggibre ;  v.  Peggio. 

*  Peghesce  m. ;  a  kind  of  coat  with  long  flaps. 
Pegli  ;  contraction  of  Per  gli. 

t  Peglia  / ;  =  Riccio,  Cardo. 

Peglio  m.;  (bot.)  Euphorbia peplis,  also  termed 
Peplide. 

Pegn-0  m.  (L.  pigntts,  akin  to  pan- 
gere,  v.  Patto) ;  pledge  ;  in  a  parlour 
game,  forfeit.  Metier  — ,  to  bet.  Aff. 
-uccio  f'im.  spreg. 

Pe'gola  /  (L.  picula,  dim.  of  pix, 
pitch) ;  melted  pitch,  usu.  Pece. 

Pegoliera  /;  shed  where  pitch  is 
melted. 

tPei  fuorca  m.;  v.  Peristedione. 

*  Peio  ;=  Peggio,  worse. 
Pel ;  contraction  of  Per  il. 

Pelacane  m. ;  currier. 
Pelaccbiare  ;  to  skin  nicely. 

*  Pelacchiu  m. ;  a  game  resembling  Oca,  goose. 

Pelaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Pelo,  rough  hair. 

•Pelacucchino  (Palacucchino)  in.;  bit  of  rub- 
bish. 

Pelagatti  m. ;  sharper. 

Pelaghetto  ;«. ;  dim.  Pelago. 

Pelagiano ;  Pelagian.  Pelagius  was 
a  British  monk,  circa  400,  who  denied 
the  existence  of  original  sin. 


Pelagic-  ///. ;  a  species  of  Murex,  shell-fish. 

*  Pelagioneyl;  skinning,  v.  Pelare. 

Pelago  m.  (L.,  <Gr.);  sea,  large 
lake.  Discesa  poi  per  piii  pelaghi  cupi, 
(the  Arno)  after  flowing  down  through 
many  hollow  basins,  D.  Purg.  14.  52. 

Pelagrilli  m. ;  avaricious  person. 
Pelaia  /  ;=  Pelatina. 

*  Pelamantelli  m. ;  i.  rogue,   ii.  old-clothesman. 
*Pelamatti  m.;-  Imbroglione,  mischief-maker. 

Pelame  m.;  i.  long  hair,  on  a  dog. 
2.  =  Mantello,  horse's  coat.  3.  quantity 
of  hair,  e.g.  on  a  man's  chest.  4.  dis- 
position, character,  but  always  in  bad 
sense. 

*Pelanibbi  m. ;  swindler,  "shark." 

*  Pelantino  m.  ;=  Pelapolli. 
*Pelapiedi  m.  ;  =  CavaIocchio. 

Pelapolli  ill. ;  person  who  plucks 
fowls  ;  fig.  useless  person. 

Pel-are  ind.  piflo  (L.  pilare,  <pilns, 
hair) ;  i.  to  strip  (the  hair)  from.  2.  to 
pluck  (a  fowl).  3.  to  take  the  skin  off 
by  a  burn,  or  simply  to  burn,  as  with 
hot  soup,  or  of  the  similar  effect  of 
intense  cold.  4.  -arsi,  to  be  in  despair, 
lit.  to  tear  out  one's  hair.  5.  -ato, 
(a)  of  a  tree,  without  leaves,  (b)  of 
marble,  cracked,  v.  Pelo  (4),  (c)  Questa 
gazza  ha  -ata  la  coda,  v.  Gazza  (2). 

'Pelarella /l;  =  Tigna,  scurf. 

Pelargonio  m.  (Gr.  ireXapyus,  stork, 
from  the  resemblance  of  the  seeds  to  a 
stork's  beak) ;  (bot.)  geranium,  which  is 
a  word  formed  on  the  same  principle 
from  yepavos,  a  crane. 

*  Pelaruolay^;  =  Pelatina,  plucking. 

Pelata /;  plucking.  *in/A  =  Tig- 
liate. 

Pelatfoa / ;  i.  dim.  Pelata;  Dare 
una  — ,  to  pluck.  2.  mange,  scabbiness ; 
E'  debbe  aver  la  — ,  said  of  a  great 
eater,  he  ought  to  have  the  mange 
(which  would  take  away  his  appetite). 

Pel-at6io  m. ;  place  or  tool  for 
plucking. 

Pel-at6re  m.,  -atrice  / ;  vbsbs.  of 
-are. 

Pelatura/;    i.  v.  Pelare.    2.   the 
down  covering  a  silk  cocoon. 
*Peley:;  =  Pelle,  skin. 

*  Peleggio  m.  ;=  Puleggio,  voyage. 
*Pelegro  /«.;  =  Pellegrino,  pilgrim. 
*Pelibrayl;  an  old  weight,  a  gold  mark. 

*  Pelicano  m.  ;  =  Pellicano,  dentist's  key. 
Peligno ;  (geofr.)  of  the  Peligni  or  Paeligni, 

a  Sabine  clan. 

Pelino  m. ;  dim.  -vezz.  Pelo. 

*  Pelittone  m. ;  (mus.)  some  old  kind  of  cornet. 
Pellaccia/;  pegg.  Pelle. 

*  PellagioneyT;  —  Carnagione,  complexion. 

Pellagr-ay!  (Gr.  **»rtX\a,  as  in  f'pva-l- 
ireXas,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fell,  +  -agra,  a  Greek 
medical  suffix  <  aypios,  malignant) ;  a 
painful  form  of  cracked  skin  occurring 
in  the  Italian  rice  districts.  Aff.  -oso. 

Pellaio  m.  ;  i.  leather-dresser. 
2.  lamb's  hide  merchant.  3.  Trattar 
uno  com'  un  — ,  to  call  him  all  manner 
of  names.  4.  Jig.  one  who  skins  others 
by  usury  or  himself  by  extravagance. 

Pellame  m. ;  quantity  of  skins. 


PELLAPUNTO— PENDIA 


Pellapunto  ;  pop.  for  Per  1'  appunto, 
precisely. 

tPellaro  m. ;  =  Pellicciaio. 

Pelle/  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  **7re'XXa,  skin, 
in  epv<ri-irf\as,  E.  fell,  fell-monger) ; 
skin. 

Phrases  :  i.  In  —  in  — ,  Tra  le  due 
-i,  Tra  —  e  — ,  or  simply  Pelle  pelle, 
superficially.  2.  Per  la  — ,  (holding 
his  opinions  or  attachments  so)  that 
he  would  risk  his  skin  for  them.  3.  Fame 
di  —  di  becco,  i.e.  to  commit  all  sorts  of 
enormities.  4.  Non  capire  nella  — ,  to 
be  delighted,  v.  Capire,  and  Capere(vi). 
5.  Cento  — ,  the  third  stomach,  or  honey- 
comb tripe  of  ruminants.  6.  —  di  dia- 
volo,  a  coarse  cotton  stuff.  7.  Far  la 

—  ad  uno,  to  kill  him.     8.   In  — ,  v. 
supra  (i).     9.  Chi  non  invecchia,  la  — 
paga,  the  only  way  of  escaping  old  age 
is  to  die.    10.  O  —  o  mula,  v.  Mula  (2,e). 

11.  —  d'  ovo,  a  kind  of  fine  cambric. 

12.  Parole  che  arrivano  prima  all'  osso 
che  alia  — ,  v.  Arrivare  (13).     13.  —  di 
pesce,  shagreen,  dried  skin  of  the  angel 
shark,  i>.  Angelo  (u).     14.   Power1  alia 
tua  — !  a  threat,  look  out  for  your  skin  ! 

15.  Prima  — ,  scurf  skin,  epidermis. 

16.  Scherzare  colla  —  altrui,  to  disre- 
gard the  dangers  run  by  other  people. 

17.  Seconda  — ,  the  true  skin,  or  corium. 

18.  Non  potere  star  nella  — ,  to  have 
overeaten  oneself.     19.  Tra  —  e  — ,  v. 
supra  (i).     20.   Una  —  !  or  Una  buona 

—  !  a  person  not  to  be  trifled  with. 

*  i.  Aver  grossa  la  — ,  to  be  silly,    ii.  Dar  I'  ultima 

—  a  un  lavoro,  to  give  the  last  touch  to  a  work  of  art. 
iii.  in  goldsmiths'  work,  the  marks  left  by  the  tool 
on  the  metal. 

tPellegole/:  pi.;  bundles  of  small  canes  for 
tying  up  vines. 

Pellegrfn-a/ ;  i.  v.  -0(5).  2.  large 
collar,  -aggiow.;  pilgrimage,  -am^nte 
adv.  -are  vb.  -ario  m. ;  pilgrim's  hos- 
tel, -ita  f. ;  foreign  manners. 

Pellegrino  (L.  peregrinus,  <  per, 
ager);  i.  vagrant.  2.  foreign.  3.  rare, 
excellent.  4.  Falcone  — ,  peregrine 
falcon.  5.  as  sb.,  pilgrim.  6.  scherz. 
louse. 

Pelldtica/. ;  i.  layer  of  uneatable 
fibrous  tissue  in  meat.  2.  (pers.)  loose 
pendulous  skin. 

*  Pelletteria  /  (Fr.  frlUterie)  ;=  Pellami,  skins. 
Pellicano    in.   (L.,<Gr.   Ttt\t*iv,  so   named 

from  its  large  bill  like  an  axe,  ;r«'A«Kvs) ;  i.  (orttith.) 
pelican,  f'elactinus,  also  termed  Onocrotalo.  2.  =  Spa- 
tola,  spoon-bill.  3.  dentist's  key  for  drawing  teeth. 
4.  (ckem.)  vessel  with  a  long  twisted  neck  for  dis. 
tilling. 

Pelliccerfa/  ;  furs,  or  furrier's  shop. 

Pellicc-ia  /.  (L.  pelliceus,<  pellis, 
v.  Pelle)  ;  i.  a  fur,  or  fur-lined  pelisse. 
2.  =  Piallaccio,  sod.  Aff.  -iaio  furrier, 
-iame  furs,  -iare  to  line  with  fur,  *-io 
made  of  skins,  -ione  augm. 

Pelliccidsa  /.;  {tot. )  =  Tasso  barbasso,  great 
mullein. 

*  Pellicci-otto  in.',  auertit.  of -a. 

*  Pellicciuola  /;=  Peflicola,  membrane. 
•Pellice/  (L.  paelex,  fro/,,  borrowed,  like  Gr. 

iroAAoxij,  concubine,  <  Hebrew  pillages,  rival);  con- 
cubine, rival. 

•Pellicella./;  i.  =PeIlicola.    ii.  (aiiat.)  chorion. 

Pellicello  m.;  the  itch  insect,  Acarus 
scabiei. 

F.tym.     Pro/I,  altered  from  Pedicello  under  the 


attraction  of  Pelle,  since  the  acarus  is  found  under 
the    skin.       Pedicello    is  <  L.    pedicellus,    dim.    of 
pt'dicultts,  louse,  v.   Pidocchio. 
*Pelliceo;  made  of  skins. 

Pelliciattola  /;  dim.  spreg.  Pelle,  skin. 

Pellicina  f.\  dim.  vezz.  Pelle,  skin. 

Pellicfn-0  m.  (dim.  Pelle,  the  ear  of 
a  sack  being  necessarily  like  that  of  a 
wine-skin) ;  ear  of  a  sack.  Pigliar  il 
sacco  per  i  -i,  to  empty  it  completely; 
fig.  to  speak  the  whole  of  one's  mind. 

*  i.  Rimanere  a  uno  il  sacco  pe'  -i,  to  have  spent 
all  one's  pains  for  nothing,  ii.  Serbare  una  cosa  nel 
— ,  to  keep  it  unsaid,  for  another  occasion  ;  Serbare 
il  — ,  to  be  silent,  iii.  bottom  of  a  Vangaiola, 
fishing-net ;  Ridurre  nel  — ,  to  conclude  the  business. 

Pellicidsay:;  v.  Pellicciosa,  great  mullein. 

Pellicola  (Pelliciuola,  Pellicula)/  (dim.  Pelle); 
membrane. 

Pellirdsse  f.  pi.  •  the  red-skins  of  North 
America. 

Pellolinay:;  dim.  vezz.  Pelle. 

Pellucido  (L.);  transparent. 

«  Pelluzza  / ;  i.  dim.  Pelle.  ii.  =  Maglia,  white 
spot  on  the  cornea  of  the  eye. 

Pelo  m.  (L. pilus);  r.  a  hair.  2.  the 
hair  of  a  man  or  animal  as  a  whole  ; 
Una  pariglia  del  medesimo  — ,  a  pair 
of  horses  of  the  same  colour ;  Guanti 
col  — ,  gloves  with  the  hair  left  on. 
3-  —  dell'  acqua,  surface  of  the  water  ; 
L'  ultima  piena  del  Tevere  sail  sopra 
1'  prdinario  —  dell'  acqua  due  metri  e 
piu,  the  last  flood  of  the  Tiber  rose 
more  than  two  metres  above  the  or- 
dinary level  of  the  water.  4.  crack,  as 
it  were  appearance  of  a  hair,  e.g.  in  a 
marble  slab  or  in  a  wall  which  is  be- 
ginning to  give  ;  Far  — ,  to  crack. 

Phrases  :  5.  A  — ,  (a)  (to  ride)  bare- 
back, (b)  Andare  a  — ,  to  suit  the  taste 
of.  6.  Esser  d'  un  —  e  d'  una  buccia, 
or  d'  un  —  e  d'  una  lana,  to  be  of  the 
same  bad  character.  7.  Far  il  —  e  il 
contrappelo,  to  criticise  minutely,  v. 
Contrappelo.  8.  Andare  contro  a  — , 
to  go  on  in  the  contrary  way  to  what  is 
proper.  9.  Avere  il  cuore  con  tanto  di 
— ,  to  be  very  hard-hearted.  10.  Aver 
gli  occhi  tra'  -i,  to  be  sleepy,  v.  Occhio 
(20).  u.  Non  pendere  un  —  ad  alcuno, 
not  to  have  a  hair  loose,  to  be  dressed 
to  perfection.  12.  Pigliar  — ,  to  be- 
come suspicious,  like  an  animal  when 
it  bristles  up.  13.  Di  primo  — ,  (young 
man)  whose  beard  is  beginning  to  grow. 

14.  Rivedere  il  —  ad  uno,  to  criticise 
him  severely,  usu.  Rivedergli  le  bucce. 

15.  Esser   tondo   di    — ,  to   be   easily 
deceived,  stupid.     16.    --  vano,  down, 
soft  hair. 

*i.  Andar  a—  ,  =  Andar  a  versi,  to  suit.  ii.  Aver 
la  coda  taccata  di  mal  — ,  to  be  in  a  mischievous 
mood.  iii.  Esser  dello  stesso  — ,  to  be  alike  ;  not  in 
bad  sense,  7'.  supra  (6).  iv.  Levare  il  — '  per  aria, 
to  work  rapidly.  v.  A  — ,  =  Appunto,  exactly. 
vi.  Per  —  e  per  segno,  =  Per  filo  e  per  segno,  pre- 
cisely, vii.  Un ,  scarcely,  viii.  Non  aver — 

che  pensi  a  una  cosa,  not  to  think  of  it  in  any  way. 
ix.  Stringere  il  —  altrui,  =  Rivedere  il  — ,  v.  supra 
(14).  x.  fig.  =Veste,  dress. 

Pelolino  m. ;  dim.  Pelo,  hair. 

Peldne  m. ;  a  coarse  kind  of  cloth. 

•Pelopesi  m.  pi. ;  =  Peloponnesi. 

Peloponnesiaco;  II—,  Morosini  (1618— 1694), 
the  Venetian  commander,  from  his  victories  in  the 
Peloponnese. 

Pelos-ella,  -etta,  -ettfna  or  Pilosella  /.; 
(hot.)  mouse-ear  hawkweed,  Hieracium  pilosella, 
also  termed  leracia,  Kadicchiella. 

Pelosina  /;  the  first  sleep  of  silkworms. 
•  =  Pelosetta. 

Pelosita/;  hairiness. 


Pel6s-0  (It.  pelo) ;  i.  hairy  ;  Carita 
-a,  dearth,  engineered  by  unscrupulous 
speculators.  2.  as  sb.,  a  species  of 
sole  (fish),  Pleuronectes  trichodaclilus. 
*mouldy. 

*  Pelottone  m.  (Fr.)  ;=  Plotone,  platoon. 

Pelt-a  /  (L.,  <  Gr.) ;  small  shield. 
Aff.  -asta,  -ato. 

•Peltraio  m. ;  =  Stagnino,  tinsmith,  as  worker  in 
pewter. 

Peltro  m. ;  i.  pewter,  an  alloy 
variously  composed  of  tin  and  other 
metals.  2.  (meton.)  wealth,  D.  Inf. 

1.  103. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  peaulre,  E.  pewter,  also 
spelter,  Germ.  Spiauter,  origin  unknown. 

Peluia  / ;  the  inner  shell  of  a 
Spanish  chestnut,  so  called  from  its 
downiness.  t  =  Peluria. 

Peluria/(It.  pelo);  down,  of  birds, 
or  the  soft  hair  of  young  animals,  etc. 

Peluto  ;  shaggy  (cloth). 

•Peluzza/;  horse-brush. 

Peluzzo  m. ;  i.  dim.  Pelo.  2.  a  fine 
sort  of  cloth. 

P41vic-o  ;  (Lingua)  -a,  of  the  Medes. 

Pe"na  /  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pain)  ;  i.  punishment.  2.  trouble, 
distress.  3.  trouble  in  doing  work  ; 
Valer  la  — ,  to  be  worth  while  ;  A  mala 
— ,  with  difficulty.  4.  pain  (from  disease 
of  the  chest ;  for  pain  elsewhere  the 
term  used  is  Dolore). 

*  Penace,  Pennace  ;  painful. 

Penal-e  ;  penal.  As  sb.,  fine,  esp.  for  being  in 
arrear  with  payment  of  taxes.  Aff.  -ista  criminal 
jurist,  -ita,  -mente. 

Pen-are    ind.    pdno ;     i .    to    suffer. 

2.  to  take  pains  ;  —  poco,  to  be  easily 
done  ;  D'  inverno  si  -a  poco  a  far  sera, 
evening  soon  comes  on  in  winter-time. 
*i.  to  torment,     ii.  -ato,  condemned. 

Penarella/;  dim.  Pena. 

Penati  m.  pi.  (L.);  household  gods.  Sgom. 
berare  l  propri  — ,  scherz.  to  change  one's  house. 

Pencol-are   ind.  pencolo  (contr.  of 

"Pendicolare,  dim.  of  Pendere);  to 
totter.  Aff.  -io/rey.,  -6na,  -one. 

'Pendagli-ay:,  -o  m;  i.  fastening  which  holds 
the  sword  to  the  belt.  ii.  =  Pendente,  pendant. 
111.  bed-hangings. 

t  Pendagliola  / ;  =  Tralciaia,  vine-trellis. 

•Pendaglione  m.;  angm.  Pendaglio. 

*  Pendaiuolo  ;  a  variety  of  olive 
*Pendana./;  trailing  branch. 

*  Pendatore  m. ;  large-sized  weather-tile. 

Pendente  m. ;  pendant  (of  an  ear- 
ring, or  necklace). 

Pendenza/;  i.  gradient.  2.  out- 
standing, i.e.  residue  of  debt  unpaid. 

3.  pending  lawsuit. 

Pendenzfna/;  dim.,  v.  Pendenza  (2). 

Pendere  per/,  penddi  or  pendetti 
-esti,  part,  penduto  (L.  pendere,  to  be 
suspended,  intr.  form  of  pendere,  to 
weigh,  hence  to  hang  for  weighing,  cp. 
Gr.  <r(t>ev86vr/,  a  sling)  ;  i.  io  hang 
(intr.).  2.  to  overhang.  3.  to  slope, 
to  have  a  gradient.  4.  of  a  lawsuit,  to 
be  awaiting  decision.  5.  of  a  colour  or 
taste,  to  incline.  6.  tr.  to  incline. 

*i.  =  Dipendere.  ii.  =  Scontarc,  to  pay  for. 
iii.  part,  pendente,  =  Derivante.  iv.  Passato  pen- 
dente,  the  imperfect  tense. 

•Pendia/;  i.f.  Pendana. 


432 


PENDICE— PENSIERI 


Pendice  / ;    i.   slope.     2.   shelving 
bank  of  a  gully.     3.  in  //.,  outskirts  of 
a  city,  the  parts  of  it  nearest  the  walls  ; 
see  also  sub  Faggia. 
t  Pendiciata  f. ;  ^  Pendice. 

Pendio  m. ;  inclination,  slope.  Pig- 
Hare  or  Prendere  il  — ,  to  go  away ;  lit. 
to  take  the  hill  road.  A  — ,  on  the 

slant. 

*  Pendita  /. ;  =  Pendenza. 

Pendol-a/;  pendulum  clock.  Aff. 
-fna  dim. 

Pendollno  m. ;  \.  dim.  Pendolo. 
2.  (ornith.)  mountain  tit,  Parus  pendu- 
lums, also  termed  Fiaschettone.  3.  (hot.*) 
—  di  fontana,  water-chickweed  or  water- 
blinks,  Montia  fontana. 

Pendolo  m. ;  i.  pendulum.  2.  v. 
Penzolo. 

*i.  =Ciondolo,    dangle,     ii.    (Stare)    in    — ,    un- 
decided. 

Pendone  m. ;  festoon,  hangings. 

Peneio  ;  of  Peneus,  a  Thessalian  river. 
Penellare  ;  v.  Pennellare  (3). 
Penelope /;;  =  Fischione,  widgeon. 

Penera/ ;  a  sort  of  horse-hair  snare 
for  birds. 

Penerata  /.  ;=  Penero. 

Penero  >«.;  i.  the  free  ends  of  a  warp  when 
plaited  or  knotted  together.  2.  fringe  made  on  this 
pattern. 

Etym.  unkn.  Prob.  akin  to  L.  panus,  Gr. 
jriji-os,  thread. 

Pen£se,  Pennese,  Pennisio,  Pinese,  Po- 
nese,  Ponnese  m.  (L.  ftnus,  victuals);  (mar.) 
i.  provision-master.  2.  watchman  over  some  special 
piece  of  cargo. 

Penestrino,  Palestrina ;  the  ancient  Prae- 
neste,  D.  Inf.  27.  102. 

Penetr-abile,  -abilita,  -ale  (nsu.  in//.,  back 
recesses),  -amento,  -are,  -ativa  penetrative 
faculty,  -ativo,  -atdre,  -azi6ne ;  as  E. 

Etym.  L.  penetrare,  where  -trare  is  to  pass, 
as  in  in.trare  (v,  Entrare) ;  pent,  is  the  base  of  penes 
with,  pettitus  within,  cp.  penus,  the  inner  pan  of 
a  temple;  it  is  probably  a  compound  <**fp'  en  = 
ini,  in. 

Peninsulare ;  as  E. 
*Penio  m.  ;  =  Indagio,  delay. 

Penisol-ayr  (L.);  peninsula.     Aff.  -etta  dint. 

Penitente(L.,  <poena,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Penitent); 
as  E.  As  sb. ,  in  relation  to  a  particular  priest,  E  un 
mio  — ,  he  is  one  of  my  penitents. 

Peniten-za,  or  pop.  -zia/;  i.  re- 
pentance. 2.  penance  ;  Mettere  in  — , 
to  put  in  the  corner.  3.  in  parlour 
games,  forfeit  for  being  allowed  to  take 
back  a  stake.  4.  Far  — ,  to  fast ;  Venga 
a  far  —  da  me,  scherz.  come  and  dine 
with  me.  5.  Casa  di  — ,  penitentiary, 
house  of  correction,  'confession. 

Penitenzi-ale,  -ario;  as  E. 

Penitenziere  m.  ;  high  confessor, 
one  who  deals  with  cases  of  difficulty  ; 
one  such  is  attached  to  every  cathedral. 
Gran  — ,  or  —  maggiore,  grand  con- 
fessor, the  cardinal  appointed  by  the 
Pope  to  grant  absolution  in  cases  re- 
served to  the  Holy  See,  or  to  grant 
dispensations  from  canonical  impedi- 
ment to  marriage,  etc. 

Penitenzierlay:;  office  of  a  Penitenziere. 

Penitenzucciay; ;  trifling  penance. 

P4nn-a^  (L.  penna,  orig.  pesna,  for 
**petna  ;  root  pet,  to  fly)  ;  I.  feather  ; 
Can  da  — ,  dog  trained  for  birds  ;  Esser 
tutto  voce  e  -e,  of  a  child,  to  be  small 
and  thin  but  lively  and  noisy.  2.  pen  ; 
Quel  che  fa  la  — ,  earnings  of  copying; 


Dar  di  — ,  to  strike  out ;  Lasciar  nella 
— ,  to  leave  out  by  mistake  or  other- 
wise ;  In  punta  di  — ,  written  hastily  ; 
(mus.)  —  dotta,  pen  made  specially  for 
sounding  the  strings  of  certain  instru- 
ments. 3.  feather-edge  of  the  rim  of  a 
bell.  4.  feather-end  of  the  head  of  a 
hammer;  the  other  end  is  Bocca.  5.  a 
kind  of  paste  for  soup.  6.  —  marina, 
sea  pen,  a  genus  of  polyps,  Pennatula. 

7.  (mar.)  peak,  upper  end  of  a  lateen 
yard  ;    Far   la   — ,  to   peak   the   yard. 

8.  =  Pennello,  a  light  streamer  to  show 
the   direction  of  the  wind,  hence  fig. 
Occhio  alia  — ,  keep  a  sharp  look-out. 

9.  small  sail  placed  at  the  top  of  the 
mast  when  the  wind  is  light.     10.  the 
upper  corner  of  a  jib  or  stay-sail  upon 
which  the  halyard  operates  directly  in 
hoisting.       1 1.     (bot.)    -e    amarantine, 
amarantha  feathers,  Humea  elegans. 

*i.  Le  maschili  -e,  i.e.  the  beard,  D.  Inf.  20.  45. 
ii.  top  of  a  mountain,  v.  supra.  (7).  iii.  bottom  part 
of  a  bell.  iv.  feather  brush. 

Pennacchiera/;  plume  on  a  helmet. 

Pennacchietto  m. ;  dim.  Pennacchiera. 

Pennacchfn-o  m. ;  i.=Zerbino,  fop. 
2.  =  Pennacchietto.  3.  =  Nonnotto,  bit- 
tern. 4.  (bot.)  in  pi.,  (a)  a  species  of 
bent-grass,  Agrostis  spica  vend,  also 
termed  Agrostide  de'  cam  pi;  (t)  -i  cas- 
canti,  common  millet-grass,  Milium 
effusum.  5.  (mar.)  —  Buttafuori  di  bri- 
glia,  dolphin-striker. 

Pennacchio  m. ;  i.  plume  of  feathers. 
2.  end  of  a  goose  feather.  3.  =  Giran- 
dola.  4.  (arch.)  =  Peduccio,  bracket. 
5.  (bot.)  —  rotondo,  Alpine  cotton-grass, 
Eriophorum  capitatum.  6.  =  Mostra- 
vento,  vane. 

Pennacchidlo  >«.;  i.  dim.  Pennacchio.  2.  in- 
sect with  feathery  antennae. 

Pennacchi-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  *o.  -uto; 
plumed. 

PennacciayC;  pegg.  Penna. 

Pennaccino  m. ;  (mar.')  martingale-boom,  also 
termed  Buttafuori  di  briglia. 
*Pennace;  v.  Penace. 

Pennaio  m. :  feather-merchant. 

Pennai&lo  m. ;  i.  case  for  quill  pens 
something  like  a  needle-case.  2.  penny- 
a-liner.  3.  nickname  of  Ferdinand  IV 
of  Naples,  whose  favourite  occupation 
was  cutting  quill  pens. 

*  i.  pen-seller,    ii.  worthless  person,     iii.  inkstand 
and  pen-case  combined. 
*Pennamew.;  plumage. 

Pennata./;    i.    penful  of  ink.      2.    stroke  of, 
or  blow  with  a  pen.     t=Ronca,  bill-hook. 
Pennatata  f.\  blow  with  a  Pennato. 

Pennatella  /  ;  dim.  Pennato,  light 
hedge-bill. 

Pennato  m. ;  I.  bill-hook,  with  part 
of  the  back  sharpened  to  a  straight 
cutting  edge,  v.  Roncola.  2.  as  adj., 
feathered.  3.  with  fins. 

Pennecchino  m.  \  dim.  Pennecchio. 

Pennecchio  m. ;  bunch  of  flax  or 
wool  placed  upon  the  distaff  for  spin- 
ning. 

Etym.  L.  penicvltts,  brush  for  removing  dust, 
for  which  ox-tails  and  horse-tails  were  used,  <  penis, 
which  originally  meant  "tail." 

Pennella/.;  paste-brush. 

Pennellaccio  m.;  pegg.  Pennello. 


Pennellare  ind.  pennello;  i.  =  Pen- 
nelleggiare.  2.  (mar.)  —  un'  ancora, 
to  back  an  anchor,  to  attach  a  small 
one  to  it  to  prevent  its  coming  home 
too  easily. 

Pennellata/  ;  touch  with  the  brush. 

•Pennellatura./;  a  touch  up  with  the  brush. 

Pennelleggi-are  ind.  pennelle"ggio ; 
to  work  with  a  brush.  Aff.  -at6re. 

Pennellissa  f. ;  gilder's  or  leather-dresser's 
brush. 

Pennell-ctto,  -ino  m.;  dim.  Pennello. 

Pennello  m.  (L.  penicillus,  dim.  of 
peniculus,  11.  Pennecchio,  etym.)  ; 

1.  paint-brush,     properly     of    house- 
painters,  but  also  artists  ;   A  — ,  to  a 
nicety.     2.    (mar.)  kedge  anchor,  used 
for  backing,  v.  Pennellare  (2)  ;   A  — , 
a-cock-bill.     3.  groyne  on  a  sea  beach. 
4.  —  da  segnali,  signal  pendant,  —  di 
mangiare,  signal  for  dinner.     5.    —  di 
navigazione,  vane  on  the  top  of  a  mast. 

*  i.  =Banderuola,  banner,  pennon,  D.  Purg.  29.  75. 
ii.   Occhio  al  — ,  =  Occhio  alia  penna,  v.  Penna  (8). 
iii.  company  (of  soldiers). 

Pennellone  m.\  augtn.  Pennello. 
Penncse;  v.  Penese. 

Penne'tta/;  i.  dim.  Penna.  2.  small 
fin. 

•Pennieray^;  large  drooping  plume  of  feathers, 
or  gilt  holder  for  the  same. 

Penninay".;  i.  dim.  Penna.  2.  m  //.,  («)  v. 
Penna  (4),  (£)  v.  infra,  Pennine. 

Pennine  f.  pi. ;  (bet.)  i.  hare's-tai!  grass, 
Lagurus  ovatus,  also  termed  Coda  di  lepre.  2.  — 
del  Paradise,  feather-grass,  Slt'^a  pennatti,  also 
termed  Lino  delle  fate,  Nebbia. 

Pennine  ?«.;  i.  steel  pen.  2.  small 
plume  of  feathers.  3.  Tremolanti  e 
pennini,  slender  feathers  with  jet  beads 
or  artificial  flowers  on  them  for  a  lady's 
hat,  trembling  at  the  least  shake.  $.fig. 
scherz.  person  with  trembling  hands. 

Pennisio;  v.  Penese. 

*  Pennito  m,\  a  cough-lozenge  made  from  barley. 
PennolayT;  (mar.)  i.    spar  for  a  boat's  mast. 

2.  tree-nail  wedge,  spile.     t  =  Zeppa,  adjusting-key. 

Pennoh'na  yC;  dint.  Penna,  feather. 
Pennoncfello  m.;  i.  dim.  Pennone.    2.  plume. 
Pennpncino  m. ;    (war.)  light   yard,  for  the 
smaller  snils. 

Pennine  m.  (prob.  <  L.  penna, 
feather  ;  in  mar.  sense  perhaps  <pen- 
dere,  to  hang) ;  i.  flag  ol  the  medieval 
militia,  secondary  to  the  Gonfalone. 

2.  later,  'flag   of  a   troop   of   cavalry. 

3.  yard  of  a  ship,  that  of  a  lateen  vessel 
being  Antenna  ;  Varea  di  — ,  yard-arm. 
*company  of  militia. 

Pennoni&re  ;//. ;  standard-bearer. 

Penn-uccia  ;  dim.  Penna.  *-ula  ;  =  Alctta, 
fin.  -uto;  feathered.  -uzza;  =  -uccia. 

Pen6mbra  _/I  (L.  paene,  umbra)',  half  shadow, 
penumbra. 

Pen6s-o ;  i.  painful.  2.  trouble- 
some. Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Pens-are  ind.  penso  (L.  pensare^  to 
ponder,  /*/.  to  weigh  carefully,  intern, 
oft.  pendere,  to  weigh) ;  to  think. 

Aff,  -abile,  -abilita,  -acchiare  =  -ucchiare, -amento, 
-;itamente,  -atore,  -atrice. 

tPensattfre  ?«.;  =  Sardina,  sardine. 
*Pensevole;  requiring  consideration. 

Pensier-accio  P?gg.,  -e  pop.  or  poet,  for  -o, 
-etto  dim. ;  i>.  -o. 

tPensieri  nt.\  tape  for  holding  a  distaff. 

Etym.  L.  /cv/Jttw,  quantity  of  wool  given  to  a 
slave  girl  to  spin,  lit.  the  quantity  weighed  out,  < 
pendert,  to  weigh,  perhaps  through  some  bit.  adj., 
cp.  Pensiero,  etym. 


PENSIERO— PERCACCIARE 


433 


Pensier-O  m.  ;  I.  thought.  2.  in//., 
(hot.*)  heart's-ease,  v.  Fiore  (16,  xxxiii). 
Aff.  -mo  dim.  vezz.,  -oso  adj.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg.,  -uzzo  dim. 


Etym.     Sprung  in  some  way  from      . 
v.  supra  Pensare  ;  perhaps  a  back-formation  from 
bit.  **  pensiariits,  thoughtful.     Cp.  Pensieri,  etym. 

Pensile;  hanging.  Giardino  —  , 
garden  on  the  top  of  a  porch,  etc. 

t  Pensino  tit.  •  one  who  stands  thinking  and 
comes  to  no  conclusion. 

Pensi(5n-e  f.  (L.  pensio,  payment,  <pendlre, 
to  weigh,  weigh  out  money,  pay);  i.  as  E.  2.  board 
and  lodging.  3.  —  gratuita  in  una  scuola,  free 
scholarship.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -eel  la  or  -cina  dim.,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg. 

Penso  m.  (L.)  ;  task  set  as  a  punish- 
ment 

Pensoso  ;  pensive,  anxious. 

Pensucchiare  ;  spreg.  to  do  what 
some  call  thinking. 

Pent&colo  (Pintacolo)  m.  (prot.<Vr.  pentacol, 
<pendre  A  col)  ;  amulet  for  a  necklace. 

Pentacontarco  m.  (Gr.);  captain  of  fifty. 

Pentacordo  tit.  (Gr.);  (tnus.)  i.  diatonic  series 
of  five  tones.  2.  instrument  with  five  strings. 

Pentadecacdrdo  m.  (Gr.);  diatonic  series  of 
fifteen  tones. 

Pentafillo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  (h>t.)  =  Cinquefoglie, 
cinquefoil. 

Pentaginiayl  (Gr.  jreVre,  five,  yvinj,  woman); 
pentagynia,  the  Linnaean  order  of  plants  with  five 
pistils. 

Pentagon-o  >«.  (Gr.);  pentagon.     Aff.  -ale. 

Pentagramma  m.  (Gr.);  lines  for  printing 
music. 

Pentametro  in.  (Gr.)  ;  pentameter. 

Pentandria  m.  (Gr.  jreVre,  five,  acTjp,  man)  ; 
the  Linnaean  order  of  plants  with  five  stamens. 

Pentarchia  /.  (Gr.)  ;  government  by  five 
persons. 

Pentateuco  m.  (Gr.  ir«Vre,  five,  rev^o?,  late 
Gr.  for  a  book)  ;  pentateuch. 

Pentatlo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  the  five  gymnastic  exercises 
of  ancient  Greece. 

Pentecoste  /.  (Gr.  irem)r<xrnj,  fiftieth  sc. 
ijfiepa);  pentecost,  Whitsuntide,  the  fiftieth  day  after 
Easter. 

Pentemimer-o  (Gr.  jreVre,  five,  ^u-,  half, 
^e'po?,  part)  ;  (Cesura)  -a,  in  the  third  foot  of  a  verse. 

Pentime'nt-o  m.;  repentance.  Aff. 
-uccio,  dim. 

Pentirsi  ind.  mi  pento  (  L.  poenitere  ; 
<poena,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Penitent);  to 
repent. 

Pe"ntol-a/  (either<L.  /<?«//«/«.?,  or 
<**pilhulus,  dim.  of  pithus  =  Gr.  iridos, 
earthenware  jar  ;  pithus  only  occurs 
however  in  Latin  in  the  sense  of  comet 
shaped  like  a  iridos);  two-handled 
earthenware  pot  for  cooking.  Far  la 

—  a  due  manichi,  (a)  to  stand  with  the 
arms   akimbo,  (b)  to  give   an   arm  to 
a  lady  on  both  sides.     Vota  -e,  midday, 
as   being   dinner-hour.      Bollire   come 
una  —  ,  said  of  one  with  a  cold  in  the 
chest.     Infilar  le  -e,  to  be  tired  from 
walking,  or  *fig.  to  go  bankrupt.     Belle 
-e,  said  of  a  boy  with  chubby  cheeks  or 
a  woman  with  an  ample  bust.     In  —  , 
boiled  (potatoes,  etc.).     t  Ha  mangiato 
in  —  ,  said  of  one  whose  wedding-day 
has  been  rainy. 

*  Pigliare  a  —  ,  to  carry  (a  child)  on  one's  shoulders. 
Occhi  della  —  ,  the  grease  floating  on  the  soup. 
Cavar  gli  occhi  della  —  ,  to  choose  the  best  bits. 

Pentolaccia/  ;  pegg.  Pentola.  Fare 
la  —  a  uno,  to  throw  a  pot  of  filth  over 
him.  Giuoco  della  —  ,  boys'  game  of 
trying  to  hit  a  pot  with  a  stick  when 
blindfold.  Domenica  della  —  ,  or  La 

—  ,  feast  of  the  first  Sunday  in  Lent. 

H. 


Pentol-aia  /,  -aio  or  -arc  m.  ; 
vendor  of  pots.  Far  come  il  ciuco  del 
—  ,  i.e.  to  be  always  stopping. 

Pentolat-a/;   i.  blow  with  a  pot. 

2.  Far  alle  -e,  to  take  alternate  dips 
into  the  pot  with  somebody.   3.  contents 
of  a  pot. 

Pentol-e'tta,  -Ina/;  dims.  Pentola. 

Pentolln-o  m.  \  dim.  Pentolo.  i.  Ac- 
cozzare  i  -i,  to  make  up  a  club  feast,  each 
bringing  his  own  contribution.  Tornare 
al  —  ,  to  give  up  drunken  habits.  2. 
earnings  set  aside  for  a  club  feast. 

3.  scherz.  soldier's  ke"pi.     4.    Giuocare 
pel  —  ,  to  play  for  the  sole  purpose  of 
making  money. 


m.  ;    variant    of    Pentola, 
small  pot  with  only  one  handle. 

Pentolbna/:;  aiigin.  Pentola. 
Pentol6ne  ///.:    i.  augnt,  Pentola.     2.  scherz. 
Papal  tiara. 

*  i.  =  Scimunito,  fool.     ii.  big  heavy  man. 
tPentora/:;  =  Pentola,  pot. 

'  Pentuta  /.  ;=  Pentimento,  repentance. 
*Penula/(L.  faenula);  mantle. 

Penultim-o  (L.);  penultimate.     Aff.  -amente. 

Penuria  f.  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  jreurj,  hunger);  penury. 
*PenzanayI;  vine-branch  hanging  down. 

*  Penzigliare  ;  variant  of  Penzolare. 

Penzolare  ind.  penzolo  (L.  pendo, 
pendulus,  through  **pendiulus  **pen- 
diulare,  cp.  L.  pendiculus)  ;  to  dangle. 

Penzolo,  Pendolo  m.  ;  i.  two  or 
more  bunches  of  grapes  upon,  one 
branch.  2.  (mar.)  pendant. 

Penzoloni  adv.  ;  dangling. 

Peo  ;  Far  come  prete  Peo  che  di 
prete  divento  cherico,  said  of  one  who 
goes  back  to  an  inferior  position. 

Pe6ne  m.  (Gr.  iraiw^  ;  metrical  foot  of  one  long 
and  three  short  syllables,  in  any  order,  paeon. 

Pe6nia  /.  (L.,<Gr.  iraiiui/i'a,  so  called  after 
Apollo,  the  healer,  one  of  whose  titles  was  H«mr)  ; 
(w/.)peony,  Paeoitia  ojficinalis,  formerly  believed  to 
have  medicinal  virtues. 

Pebta  (Peotta)  /  (akin  to  Germ. 
Boot,  E.  boat)  ;  sailing  gondola  at 
Venice. 

Pepaidla  /  ;  pepper-pot,  or  table 
pepper-mill. 

Pepato  ;  peppered,  spiced.  Pan  —  , 
gingerbread. 

Pe"pe  (Pevere)  m.  (L.  piper,  <  Gr.  ; 
the  Sanskr.  pippali  probably  represents 
the  original  form,  the  /  being  lost  in 
passing  through  old  Persian,  in  which 
that  letter  is  wanting);  i.  pepper; 
Tutto  -  -  e  sale,  facetious,  caustic. 
3-  Far  —  ,  =  Far  pepino,  to  clench  the 
fist. 

3.  (tot.)(ii)  —  d'  acqua,  water-pepper,  Polygonum 
ritir  — 


,    .  , 

or  de'  neri,  negro  pepper,  Uvaria.  aromatica  ;  (e)  — 
de'  paduli,  marsh  pillwort,  Pilularin  globifera  ; 
(/)  —  de'  monaci,  or  salvatico,  chaste  tree,  v.  Agno- 
casto  ;  the  berries  are  like  pepper. 

Peperfcllo  tit.  ;  pepper  sittings. 
'Peperigno;  pepper-coloured.  As«(.,  =  Piperno. 

Peperfno  m.  ;  \.  —,  or  Peporino, 
peperin,  a  volcanic  tufa  found  in  the 
Alban  hills.  2.  v.  Pepolino. 

Peper6n-e  in.;  (bat.)  i.  Cayenne 
pepper-plant,  Capsicum  annuum,  also 


termed  Pepe  d'  India.  2.  —  dolce, 
large-fruited  capsicum,  Capsicum  gros- 
sum.  Aff.  -cino  dim. 

Pepiniera/  (Fr.  pepiniere,<p<!pin, 
seed  ;  for  further  etym.  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pip) ;  tree-nursery ;  the  true  Italian 
term  is  Vivaio. 

Pepino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Pepe.  Far 
— ,  v.  Far  pepe.  Fa'  —  se  ti  riesce, 
curl  up  your  hand  if  you  can,  said  to 
one  who  looks  very  cold.  Non  farebbe 
—  di  luglio,  he  could  not  clench  his  fist 
in  July,  i.e.  he  is  capable  of  nothing  at 
all. 

Peplta  f.  (Span,  word)  ;  nugget. 

Peplide/:;  v.  Peglio. 

Peplo    m.    (L.)  ;     i.     lady's    robe. 

2.  (bot.}  Euphorbia  pcplus. 

Pepolino  ;«.;  (bot.)  i.  — ,  or  Peperino,  winter 
savory,  Satttreia  montana.  2.  garden  thyme, 
Thymtts  vulgaris,  also  termed  Timo  cultivate. 

3.  —  salvatico,  wild  thyme,  v.  Timo  (i,  a). 

Pep6ne  /«. ;  pop.  for  Popone. 
*  Peporino  ;  v.  Peperino. 

Peppe  ;  short  for  Giuseppe.  La 
presa  del  capitano  — ,  a  profit  of  next 
to  nothing.  II  zi'  — ,  euph.  scherz.  for 
a  baby's  posterior. 

Peppola  /;  (ornith.)  brambling  or  mountain 
finch,  Fringilla  Htonti^ringilta,  also  termed  Frin- 
guello  marino,  montanmo  or  montanaro. 

Pepsina  or  Pessina  /.  (Gr.);  pepsin,  the 
active  ferment  in  digestion. 

Peptonay". ;  peptone;  albuminoid  formed  out 
of  food-stufls  by  pepsin  and  hydrochloric  acid, 

Per  (L.) ;  for,  through,  by.  —  1'  ad- 
dietro,  or  1'  innanzi,  heretofore.  — 
1'  appunto,  precisely.  -  modo  che,  so 
that.  —  modo  di  parlare,  so  to  speak. 
-  tutto,  everywhere.  -  parte  di,  in 
the  name  of.  —  altro,  however.  Cinque 
franchi  —  uno,  five  francs  apiece. 
Siamo  — -  partire,  we  are  just  starting. 
—  lungo,  in  length. 

Per- ;  a  prefix,  which  in  Latin  and 
Italian  either  means  (i)  through,  or 
(2)  thoroughly,  cp.  Gr.  n-tpt-  in  irepi- 
xaXXijs,  or  else,  (3),  is  the  pejorative 
seen,  e.g.,  in  L.  and  It.  perire,  Gr.  napa- 
Xoyos,  erroneous,  Germ,  ver-bluken,  to 
cease  blossoming,  E.  for-bear,  for(e)- 
close  ;  the  root  is  per,  to  go.  V.  Skeat, 
sub  Fare,  For  (prefix),  Perjure.  Peri- 
and  para-  are  related  ;  they  differ  only 
in  vowel-gradation. 

Pe"r-a  /  (A)  (L.  pira)  ;  i.  pear  ; 
Aver,  Dar  le  -e,  to  be  sent,  or  to  send 
away  ;  Pigliar  le  -e,  to  go  away. 
2.  scherz.  head  ;  Far  la  —  a,  to  de- 
capitate ;  Testa  a  — ,  nickname  of 
Louis  Philippe.  3.  -e  lupe,  v.  Pero  (2). 
4.  fig.  hoax. 

«(B)  (L.,  <  Gr.  mjpo) ;  wallet. 
Peraccia/;  ptgg.  Pera  (A). 

*  Peragrare  ;  to  ransack  (a  district)  for  rarities. 
Perale  ;  (lurald.)  pear-shaped  (shield),  i.e.  oval 

with  point  downwards. 

Peranco ;  yet. 

*  Perata  /. ;  preserved  pears. 
Perbacco  !  excl. 

Perben-e ;    completely.      Aff.    -ino 

vezs. 

*  Perbio  m.;  i.  =Pulpito.    tii.  =Perdio  ! 
*Perca  /.;    i.  =Pesce  persico,   perch,     tii.    v. 

Sciarrano  (4). 

*  Percacciare  ;  to  pursue. 

55 


434 


PERCALLE— PERIODACCIO 


Percalle  m.  (Fr.  percale,  <  Persian 
pargAlaK) ;  a  closely  woven  cambric. 

Percallfna  /. ;  i.  glazed  cotton  for 
lining.  2.  cloth  for  bookbinding. 

Percent-0  m.  ;  percentage.  A_fi. 
-uale. 

Perc-epire  ind.  -episco  or  -fpo, 
-episci  or  -ipi,  -episce  or  -fpe,  perf. 
-epii,  pres.  part,  -ipiente,  past  part. 
-epito  or  -etto  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Per- 
ceive) ;  i.  to  perceive.  2.  to  receive, 
collect  (taxes,  interest,  etc.). 

Af.  -epfbile,  -ettibile,  -ettibilita,  -et- 
tivitk,  -ettivo,  -ettdre  receiving  cashier, 
-ezi6ne. 

Perche;  i.  because,  since.  2.  why? 
3.  in  order  that,  so  that.  4.  as  sb.,  II 
—  ,  the  reason  why. 

Perchene  ;  amplified  form  of  Perche. 

*Percheone  ;«. ;  augm.  Perche. 

tPerchia/;  perch,  v.  Persico(2),  and  Sciarrano. 

tPerchio  7».;=Chiavistello,  bolt. 

tPerchitella  /;  a  species  of  perch,  v.  Sciar- 
rano (3). 

tPercia  f.\  i.  —  di  schmmi,  =  Pesce  persico, 
perch,  ii.  —  di  fondale,  a  species  of  sea-perch,  v. 
Sciarrano  (3). 

Percib  ;  on  that  account,  for  that 
reason.  E  che  —  ?  and  what  then  ? 
*=Pero,  however. 

Percipere  ;  in  portions  of  its  con- 
jugation a  variant  of  Percepire,  q.v. ; 
in  the  rest  it  is  obsolete.  The  pres. 
part.  Percipiente  is  used  as  pres.  part. 
of  Percepire,  esp.  in  the  psychological 
sense. 

Perciuda;  v.  Sciarrano  (3). 
Perc6me  ;  fam.  for  Perche,  since. 
Percdntro  m.',  (;«ar.)=Dormiente,  shelf-piece. 

Perc6r-rere  perf.  -si  -re"sti,  part. 
-so  ;  to  traverse,  run  through. 

Perc&ssa  /  (It.  percuotere) ;  blow, 
or  mark  of  a  blow. 

Percossi6ne  ;  v.  Percussione. 

Perc-6tere,  -ubtere  ind.  -oto  or 
-uoto,  perf.  -bssi,  part,  -osso  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Percussion) ;  to  strike.  Aff. 
-otime'nto,  -otitore. 

*  Percupere  ;  to  long  for. 

Percuss-i6ne^;  as  E.     Aff.  -ivo,  -<5re. 
*Perd-a/;  ruin.     *-ea/;  =  Perdita,  loss. 

Perd-ere  perf.  persi  perddi  or  per- 
detti,  perdesti,  perse  perde  or  perdette, 
...persero  perddrono  or  perdettero, 
part,  perso  or  perduto  (L.  perdere,  v. 
supra,  Per-  as  prefix,  and  Skeat,  sub 
Perdition) ;  i.  to  lose.  As  reft.,  -ersi : 
2.  at  Italian  billiards,  to  strike  the 
Birilli  or  go  into  a  pocket  with  one's 
own  ball,  either  of  which  counts  to 
the  adversary.  3.  -ersi  di  coraggio,  to 
lose  heart.  4.  -ersi  con,  to  be  infatu- 
ated with.  5.  Part,  -uto  ;  Uomo  -uto, 
thoroughly  vicious  ;  A  corpo  -uto,  (to 
fight)  desperately.  6.  Part,  perso  ; 
Navigare  per  perso,  to  take  some 
action  not  likely  to  succeed,  for  want 
of  anything  better  ;  Mettersi  per  perso 
a,  to  give  up  the  whole  of  one's  time 
to ;  Tener  perso,  to  leave  (money) 
where  it  is  earning  no  interest. 

*i.  —la  persona,  to  die.     ii.  -uto  de'  piedi,  with- 
out feet.     iii.   Fante  -uto,  hardy  veteran. 


*  Perdezza  /. :  v.  Perdere  (2). 

Perdia!  or  Perdiana !  excl.;  euphem.  for  Per 
Dio! 

*  Perdice  /.;  =  Pernice,  partridge. 
Perdicoli ;  =  Perdio,  by  heaven  ! 

Perdifiato;    A  — ,   at   the  top  of 
one's  voice. 

•Perdigione/;  =  Perdizione,  perdition. 

Perdi-gi6rno  or  -gi6rni  m. ;  idler. 

*Perdiglio  w.;=Bardiglio,  streaked  marble. 

Perdim6nto  m. ;  loss. 

Perdi-na,  -nan6ra,  -nci.  -ndeddina,  -nded- 
dio,  -ndera,  -ndirindio ;  euphs.  for  Perdio. 
Perdio  ;  by  God !    As  sb.,  oath. 
Perdita/.;  loss. 

Perditempo  m. ;  waste  of  time. 

Perdi-t6re  m .,  -lira,  -trice /.;  loser. 
Perdizibne./;  perdition. 
Perdon-are  ind.   perdono;    to  excuse.     Aff. 
-abile,  -atore. 

Perdono  m.  (mlt.  per-donare,  to 
remit  a  debt,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pardon)  ; 

1.  pardon.      2.    absolution   or   church 
where  it  is  given.     Prov.  II  —  di  Ser 
Umido,  mold   baci   e   pochi   quattrini, 
church   festival  where  the  offertory  is 
very  small. 

*  Perdua,  Perduane  ;  euphs.  for  Perdio. 

Perduelli6ne  /  (L.) ;  high  treason. 
Perdur-are  ;  to  endure.    Aff.  -eVole. 

*  Perdurre  ;  =  Condurre,  to  conduct. 
Perdut-O;  part.  Perdere.     Aff.  -amente. 
Perecottaio  m. ;  vendor  of  stewed  pears. 

•Pereggio  m. ;  =  Pileggio,  voyaging. 
Peregrin-are;  to  travel  abroad.    Aff.  -azione. 

?eregrino(L.,<per,ager);  I.  foreign. 

2.  of  rare  excellence. 

Perellln-a  f.,  -0  m.  {dim.  of  Pera) ; 
church  flower-vase,  so  called  from  its 
pear  shape. 

Perenn-e  (L.) ;  perennial.     Aff.  -entente,  -ita. 

Perento  (L.  peremptus,  v.  Esempio) ;  (leg.) 
extinguished. 

Perent&ri-o  (L.);  peremptory.    Aff.  -amente. 

Perenzione/.;  (leg.)  destruction  of  a  legal  right 
by  its  non-exercise  for  a  prescribed  time. 

PerecjU-are;  to  equalise,  e.g.  rates.  Aff. 
-atore,  -azione. 

t  Perer  m. ;  pear  tree  or  pear  wood. 
*Pererrato  ;  =  Trasmodato,  excessive. 

Per^to  m. ;  pear-orchard. 

Peretola  ;  (geogr.)  a  town  in  Tus- 
cany, i.  Mandare  a  — ,  to  tell  a  person 
to  go  to  the  devil.  2.  as  type  of  a  small 
community  ;  Se  chiede  questo  Firenze 
domani  lo  vuole  — ,  if  this  is  asked  for 
by  Florence  every  little  place  in  the 
country  will  want  it  next. 

Per6tta/  ;  dim.  Pera.  i.  the  flying 
spurs  tied  to  horses  in  the  riderless 
races.  2.  any  pear-shaped  dangle. 
3.  artichoke  allowed  to  reach  its  natural 
maturity.  4.  in  pi.,  pointed  cobble- 
stones. 5.=Perellina. 

Perf-ettamente,  -ettibile,  -ettibilita,  -et- 
tivo, -etto,  -ezionabile,  -ezionabilita,  -ezion- 
ale,  -ezionamento,  -ezionare,  -ezionativo, 
-ezionatore.  -ezi6ne  ;  perfectly,  etc. 

*  Perfiatare  ;  =  Soffiare,  to  blow. 

*  Perficere  (L.) ;—  Perfezionare,  to  perfect. 

Perfldia/;  i.  perfidy.  2.  obstinate 
perversity. 

Perfidi-are  vb.,  -6so  adj. ;  v.  Per- 
fidia  (2). 

Perfid-0  ;  malignant,  false,  -a  ma- 
lattia,  treacherous  disease,  -i  sarcasmi, 
malignant  sarcasms.  Desinare  — ,  vile 
dinner,  -a  traduzione,  unfair  transla- 


tion.    Amante  —  ,  faithless  lover. 
zanzara,  horrid  mosquito.     *  =  Perfetto. 

Etym.     L.   pe  rfidus,  <fides,    faith,    with    pe- 
jorative prefix,  11.  Per-  (i). 

Perfine  ;  Alia  —  ,  at  last. 
Perfino  adv.  ;  even. 

Perfor-are  ;  as  E.    Af.  -abile,  -amento. 
Perforata  /;  (but.)  St  John's  wort,  Hypcricum 
perforatum. 

Perfora-tdrc,  -trice,  -zi6ne  ;  perforator,  etc. 
*  Perfrang-ere  ;  i.  to  smash,     u.  -ersi  =  Rifran- 
gersi,  to  lie  refracted. 

•Perfusione/.;  spraying. 

tPerga/.  (L.  ferca,  v.  Perso,  B)  ;  a  species  of 
sea-perch,  v.  Sciarrano  (4). 

Pergam-ena  (-ina)/.  (L.,  from  the 
city  of  Pergamos,  in  Asia  Minor,  famous 
for  its  library)  ;  I.  parchment,  usu. 
Cartapecora  when  made  of  sheepskin. 
2.  the  covering,  often  made  of  parch- 
ment, over  the  flax  on  a  distaff,  also 
termed  Cappelletto.  3.  (arch.)  lantern 
of  a  dome,  so  called  from  its  similarity 
in  shape  to  Pergamena  (2). 

PeTgamo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  iripyapov, 
citadel,  orig.  the  citadel  of  Troy)  ;  pul- 
pit. *  scaffold. 

*  Pergamotta  ;=  Bergamotta. 

*  Pergere  (L.)  ;  to  go. 
Pergiungere  ;  to  reach. 

*  Pergogli  ;  v.  Pergolo. 

Pergola  /  (L.  pergula,  projecting 
shed,  <  pergere,  to  go  on);  i.  vine- 
trellis.  2.  (herald.}  a  Y-shaped  ordinary 
on  the  shield.  —  rovesciata,  the  same 
upside  down,  \. 

*i.  Esserc  —  ,  =  Restare  in  asso,  to  be  out  of  it. 

ii.  Restare  —  ,  to  be  dumbfounded,     iii.  =  Pergolese. 

Pergolaria  f.;    (hot.)    i.   —  odorosa,   bower- 

plant,  Marsdenia  suaveotefts.     2.    —  odoratissima, 

West  Coast  creeper,  Pergtilaria  otioratissima. 

Pergolato  m.  ;  large  pergola. 

Pergolese  ;  a  variety  of  vine  for  growing  on  a 
pergola. 

*  Pergoleto  m.;=  Pergolato. 
*Pergolino  »/.;  a  variety  of  madder. 

*  Perg-olo//.  -oli  or  -ogli  m.  ;=Pergamo. 

*  Pen  m.  /»/.;  =  Pari,  peers. 

Periam  bo  /«.  ;  foot  of  two  short  syllables. 
Perianto  >«.;  (bat.)  perianth. 
Pericarpio  m.  ;  (bet.)  pericarp. 

*  Periclimeno    m.    (L.,  <  Gr.    irepiKAvjierai')  ; 
=  Madreselva,  honeysuckle. 

*  Periclitare  ;    i.    to   be   in  danger,    ii.    to  go 
astray,     iii.  tr.  to  endanger. 

Pericol-amento,  -are  ;  v.  -o. 

Pericolo  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Peril)  ; 
danger. 

Pericol6ne  m.  ;  =  Spericolone,  timid 
person. 

Pericol6s-o  ;   dangerous.     Aff.  -amente,   -etto 
t. 
Periegesiy:  (Gr.  mpt,  ^v>|ins);  a  sort  of  guide- 


book. 

Perielesi  /  (Gr.  irtpi,  «tAi|o-it)  ;  (mus.)  = 
Cadenza,  a  flourish  given  by  a  solo  voice  or  instrument 
at  the  close  of  a  movement. 

Periclio  m.  ;  (asir)  perihelion. 
•Periera/;  (mil.)=  Petriera. 

Perifer-la^;  (Gr.);  periphery.     Aff.  -ico. 

Perifra-sare  ind.  perifraso  (Gr.)  ;   to  expla 
aperiphrasis.     Aff.  -Si,  -sticamente,  -stico. 

Perigee     m.  ;    (astr.)    perigee.      As    adj.,    in 


by 


perigee. 

Perigino  ;  (<W.)perigynous. 
Perigliare,  etc.  ;  poet,  for  Pericolare,  etc. 

*  Perigliazione./;  loss  (of  voiceX 
*Periglio  tit.  ;  trial. 

Perigbnio    m.;   (tot.)   perianth    of  apetalous 
plants. 

*  Perimento  ;«.  ;  i.  perishing,    ii.  loss. 
Perimetro  m.  (Gr.)  ;  perimeter. 
Perinay;;  dim.  vezz.  Pera,  pear. 
Perinfino,  Perinsino  ;  pop.  for  Perfino,  Per- 

sino. 

Periodaccio  m.;  pegg.  awkward  sentence. 


PERIODARE— PERSICATA 


435 


Periodarc  ind.  perfodo ;  to  divide  into  sen- 
tences. 

Periodeggiare  ind.  periodeggio ;  to  divide 
affectedlv  into  sentences. 

Penod-o  rn.  (L.,  <Gr.  nepioSos,  circuit,  ///. 
way  round;  the  sense  of  "time"  is  taken  directly 
from  the  original  Greek,  e.g.  ntpioSos  creW,  the 
revolving  years);  i.  period  of  time.  2.  period, 
sentence.  3.  the  n-ept'o£o$  of  a  Greek  play.  Aff. 
-etto  dint.  vezz.t  -icamente,  -icita,  -ino  dint,  vezz., 
-one  tingni,,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Peripatetic-amente,  -ismo  or  Peripatet- 
isrno,  -o  ;  according  to  the  Aristotelian  school,  etc. 

Etym.  Gr.  irept,  irarew,  to  walk,  because 
Aristotle  taught  as  he  walked  up  and  down  a 
n-eptVaTos,  or  covered  walk,  of  the  Lyceum  at  Athens. 

Peripezia  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  ptripttif,  <  Gr.  trepi- 
TrtVeia,  incident,  <  wept,  -f  JTITTTW,  to  fall)  ;  unex- 
pected  turn;  in  //.,  ups  and  downs. 

Periplo  m.  (Gr.);  description  of  a  voyage. 

Per-ire  ind.  -isco  -isci  -isce  or  pere,  perf.  -ii, 
subj.  pera,  part,  -ito  (L.  per-ire,  v.  supra  Per-  as 
prefix) ;  to  perish.  *  to  destroy. 

Periscu  m.  pi.  (Gr.  irepi,  trxtd,  shadow) ;  Hy- 
perboreans whose  shadow  in  summer,  when  the  sun 
never  sets,  turns  completely  round. 

Perisperma  nt.\  (hot.)  perisperm. 

Perispomeno  (Gr.);  circumflex  (accent). 

Perissemay,  (Gr.  irept'i/nf/ia) ;  offscouring. 

Perissologia  f.  (Gr.)  ;  superfluity  of  words, 

Peristaltico  (Gr.,  <  irepurrc'AAw,  to  wrap); 
peristaltic  (action)  by  which  the  intestine  wraps  and 
compresses  its  contents. 

Peristedi6ne  m.\  —  forcuto,  rochet  (fish), 
Trigta  cattipkracta,  locally  termed  Forcato,  Anzo- 
letto  detla  Madonna,  Pel  fuorca,  Tratinu. 

Peristilio  m,  (Gr., < irept,  ffruAos,  column)  ; 
peristyle,  colonnade  round  a  building. 

Peritam6nte  adv.\  v.  Perito. 

Feritanza  / ;  bashfulness. 

Peritarsi  ind.  mi  peri  to  (prob.<\*. 
pigritari)  frcq.  of  pigratiy  to  be  slow, 
<piger) ;  to  be  shy  about  doing  some- 
thing, to  feel  a  scruple  about  it. 

Perfto  (L.  peritus,  part,  of  an  old 
verb  seen  in  experior ;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Peril) ;  skilled.  —  ragioniere,  chartered 
accountant.  As  s&,,  expert.  -  agri- 
mensore,  land-valuer. 

Periton-io  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  ircpi,  rctiw,  to 
stretch) ;  (anat.)  peritoneum,  lining  membrane  of 
the  abdomen.  Aff.  -iteyl 

*  Peritorchio  m. ;  some  kind  of  windlass. 

Perit6so(It.  peritarsi);  shy. 

Perittero(Gr.  wept,  irrepov,  wing);  (arck.)perip- 
teral  (temple),  having  a  range  of  columns  all  round. 

Perituro  (L.)  ;  destined  to  perish. 

Perfzia  /  (It.  peri  to) ;  i.  expert 
skill.  2.  valuation. 

Periziare ;  to  appraise. 

Periz6ma  f.  (L.,<Gr.  ircpf£w>ia,  <^vwtn, 
to  girdle) ;  loin-cloth. 

Perla  f.    (etym.    unkn.,   v.    Skeat,   sub  voc.)\ 

1.  pearl,    a.  a  genus  of  dragon  flies.    3.  (MO&)  pill 
made  to  look  like  a  pearl. 

Perl-aceo;  pearly,  -agidne  f. ;  play  of 
colours  in  pearl  or  mother-of-pearl,  -aio  m.;  worker 
m  pearls. 

Perlappunto;  for  Per  1'  appunto,  precisely. 

Perlaro  m.\  (bot.)  i.  — di  America,  American 
nettle-tree,  Celtis  occidcntalis.  2.  —  meridionale, 
—  Bagolaro,  nettle-tree.  3.  Indian  lilac,  Melia 
azedarackt  also  termed  Albero  della  pazienza,  Zac- 
cheo,  Melia. 

Perlato  ;  pearly  (colour).     *As  sb.,- Prelate. 

Perli ;  Fregio  — ,  pearl  ornamentation  on  a 
frame. 

Perl-etta,  -ettfna/.;  i.  dim.,  sub-dim,  of 
Perla.  2.  a  kind  of  paste  for  soup. 

Perlina  /.;  i.  i.q.  Perletta.  2.  (hot.)  — 
primaticcia,  painted  cup,  Bartsia  odontites. 

PerlheyC;  a  variety  of  quartz. 

Perl-6na/".;  augm.  of -a.  -onaccio  m.'.pegg. 
large  sham  pearl.  -6ne  m.\  i.  augm.  of  Perla. 

2.  iron,  good-for-nothing  fellow. 

Perlosdeo  I  excl.  pop,  for  Perdio  ! 
Perl6so  ;  pearly. 
*Perlotta/;  targe  pearl. 

Perlustr-are ;  to  spy  out  the  land, 
to  reconnoitre.  Aff.  -at6re,  -azi6ne, 

Etym.  L.;  litstrare  was  originally  to  go  round 
the  object  to  be  purified  at  the  lustral  sacrifice; 
hence,  to  go  round  generally,  to  traverse  a  district. 


Permale  ;  Aversi  — ,  to  be  offended, 
if.  Male  (8). 

Fermal-6so;  irritable.  ^4^-osuccio 
dim. 

Permanfcnte  ;  permanent.     Aff.  -me'nte. 

Permandnza  f.  \  r.  permanence. 
2.  long  stay  at  a  place  ;  Buona  — ! 
wishing  a  person  a  pleasant  time  at 
some  place  where  he  is  going  to  make 
a  long  visit.  3.  (math.)  similarity  of 
sign.  Successive  algebraical  terms  of 
the  same  sign  constitute  a  Permanenza  : 
two  successive  terms,  one  of  which  is 
positive  and  the  other  negative,  are  a 
Variazione. 

*  Permanere,  yd perf.  permanse  or  permanette, 
Part,  permanso  or  permaso  (L.) ;  to  remain. 

PermeabU-e  (L.)  ;  permeable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Perm^sso  in. ;  i.  permission.  2.  leave  of 
absence. 

Permettere;  declined  like  Mettere  ;  there  is 
a  popular  f>erf.  permettiedi  (L.);  to  permit. 

Permio  or  Permios  !  euph.  for  Perdio  ! 

Permischiato  ;  well  mixed,  v.  Mischiare. 

Permiss-ibile,  -ione,  -ivo  ;  permissible,  etc. 

Permuta  /.;  exchange,  esf>.  of  land. 

Permut-abile,     -abilita,     -amente,     -are, 
-azi6ne  ;  exchangeable  or  variable,  etc. 
*Pernacchina;  streaked. 
*Pernecche;  In  — ,  drunk,  v,  Bernecche. 

Pern4tto  m.  •  dim.  Perno,  pivot. 

Pernfce  /  (L.  perdix) ;  i.  (ornith.) 
(a)  ~,  —  commune,  or  —  rossa,  French 
partridge,  Perdix  rufa  ;  (b)  —  cenero- 
gnola  or  cenericcia,  English  partridge, 
Starna  perdix^  also  termed  Starna ; 
(c)  —  colombaria,  greca,  maggiore  or 
sassatile,  =  Quaglia,  quail ;  (d)  —  bianca 
di  montagna,  or  di  monte,  =  Roncaso, 
ptarmigan  ;  (e)  —  dj  Africa,  turchesca, 
or  sarda,  Barbary  partridge,  Perdix 
petrosa.  2.  —  di  mare,  pratincole,  a 
bird  of  the  wading  class,  Glareola  pra- 
tincola,  also  termed  Bordon  di  mare, 
Rondone  di  mare  or  marino,  Glareola. 
3.  Occhio  dt  — ,  (<*)  (hot.)  summer 
pheasant's  eye,  v.  Occhio  (53) ;  (b)  soft 
corn  (on  the  toes). 

Pernici6s-a  f. ;  pernicious  fever. 
Aff.  -ame*nte,  -itS,  -o,  perniciously,  etc. 
(L,  pernicies,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pernicious.) 

Pernicifctto  m. ;  dim.  Pernice. 

Pernic6n-a  /,  -e  m. ;  a  variety  of 
plum. 

Perni-ettfno  sub-dim.,  -4tto  dim*, 
of  -o. 

P&rnio  or  P^mo  m.  (etym.  unkn.)  ; 
i.  hinge,  pivot.  2.  fig.  Essere  il  - 
de'  galantuomini,  to  be  the  most 
honourable  of  men.  3.  pin  for  fasten- 
ing a  limb  of  a  statue  to  the  trunk  or 
for  any  similar  work  in  architecture. 
*In  — ,  in  equilibrium. 

Pern6ne  m. ;  crank-pin. 

Pernott-are  ind.  pernotto ;  to  pass 
the  night.  Aff.  -amento. 

Pern6tto  m. ;  dim.  Perno,  rivet. 

*  Pernovcrare  ;  to  enumerate  carefully. 

*  Pernuzzo  m.;  dim.  Perno,  peg. 

P6r-o  m.  (A)  (L.  pints)  ;  (bot.) 
i.  pear-tree,  Pyrus  communis ;  Far 
— ,  to  stand  on  one  leg ;  Andare, 
Salire,  Viaggiare,  su  pei  -i,  to  express 


oneself  with  great  unction.  2.  —  cer- 
vino,  or  -i  lupi,  a  species  of  thorn  with 
round  red  berries  like  coral  beads 
termed  Pere  lupe,  Amelanchier  vul- 
garis. 

*(B)  (L.  pero)  ;  a  sort  of  boot  made  of  raw  hide. 

Per6  (L.far  hoc  or  pro  hoc]  ;  how- 
ever. 

Perocche  ;  for  Pero  che,  because. 

Perondino  m. ;  (/am.)  well-groomed  young 
man,  dandy. 

Perondspora/?;  a  genus  of  microscopic  fungi 
producing  potato-disease,  vine-disease,  etc. 

Perorare  (L.) ;  to  defend  in  a  speech. 

Perorazi6ne/;  i.  peroration,  climax 
at  the  end  of  a  speech.  2.  vbsb.  of 
Perorare. 

Perossido  m.\  (ckem.)  peroxide. 
*Perpendere  (L.);   i.    to  consider,     ii.    to  re- 
cognise. 

Perpendicolar-e ;  perpendicular.  Aff.  -ita, 
-me"nte. 

Perpendicolo  m.   (L.);  plumb-line;   but  ob- 
solete except  in  the  phrase  A  — ,  vertically. 
*  Perpero  ;«.;  a  Byzantine  coin. 

Perpetr-are  ind.  perpetro  (L.) ;  to  perpetrate. 
Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Perpetua  /  ;  house-keeper  of  a 
priest,  from  the  character  in  the  Pro- 
messi  Sposi.  t  =  Canone,  ground-rent. 


Perpetufn-o  m.\  (&7/.)(«)  =  Semprevivo,  house- 
leek,  (b)  -i  gialli,  yellow  everlasting,  the  French 
Immortelle,  Helichrysum  orientate ,  also  termed 
Zolfini  da  ghirlande,  Elicrisio,  Semprevivo.  (c)  — 
annuo  giallo,  annual  yellow  everlasting,  Xcranthe- 
wutn  annunm,  ;<lso  termed  Kior  di  paglia  giallo, 
Girasole  perpetuino,  v.  Fiore  (16,  xxvi).  (d)  -i  rosei, 
the  pink  rosette  everlasting  of  Western  Australia,  Rho- 
danthe  Manglesiit  also  termed  Rosetta  perpetuina. 
(e)  -i  rossi,  red  globe  everlasting,  Gomj>krcna  gio- 
bosa,  also  termed  Amarantini,  Amarantoide  globosa, 
Sciamito. 

Perpetu-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.}\  as  E.  Aff. 
-abile,  -almente  or  -amente,  -are,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azione,  -ita, 

*  Perpignano    m.  \    cloth    from    Perpignan    in 
France. 

Perpless-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)  ;  perplexed. 
Aff,  -ame'nte,  -ita. 

*Perpolito;  highly  polished. 

Perquando ;  Voler  sapere  il  perchfe  il  percome 
e  il  — ,  to  want  to  know  all  about  it. 

Perquirente;  making  a  perquisition. 

Perquis-ire  ind.  -isco  (formed  as  freq.  of  L. 
Perquiro) ;  to  make  a  search  by  the  police.  Aff. 
•itore,  -izione. 

*  Perriso  ;  =  Irriso,  v.  Irridere,  to  deride. 

*  Perro  m.  (Span,  word)  ;  dog. 
Perrocch6tto ;  v.  Parrocchetto. 
Perrucca/;^/.  for  Parrucca.    *  drunkenness. 
Persa^;=Maggiorana,  marjoram. 
Perscrut-are  (L.)  ;  to  investigate.     Aff.  -abile. 
Persea/;  (bot.)  the  alligator  pear  or  avocado 

of  tropical  America,  fersea  gratissima. 

Persecu-t6re  m.;  as  E.  Aff.  -zioncella  tlt'm., 
•zidne. 

tP^rsego  m.\  perch,  v.  Persico  (2). 

Persegu-ire  ind.  -isco  or  -o  (L.  per- 
sequor)  ;  =  Perseguitare. 

Perseguitare  ind.  pers^guito  (It. 
perseguire) ;  to  persecute.  *to  follow. 

*  Perseico  ;  =  Che  sta  per  s&,  absolute. 
Perseidi/  //.;  (astr.)  the  August  or  Perseid 

meteors. 

Perse ver-are  ind.  perscvero(L,,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  as  E.  Aff.  -antemente,  -anza. 

Persia/".;  (&>/.)=  Maggiorana,  marjoram. 

Persiana/;  Persian  blind,  outside 
shutter  of  thin  slats  in  a  frame. 

Persianine/  pj.\  (bot.)  Diantkus  arenarius, 
also  termed  Garofanine. 

t  Persianino  m.:  small  opening  in  a  shutter. 

Persica  /  ;  =  Pesca,  peach. 

Persicaria  f.\  (bot.)  garden  persicary,  Poly- 
gonum  orientate,  also  termed  Salcerella,  Discipline, 
Codine  rosse. 

"  PersicatayC;  peach  jam. 

SB—2 


436 


PERSICHINO—  PESCO 


Persichfno  m. ;  peach  wine.  As 
adj.,  of  the  colour  of  a  peach-flower. 

Persico  ;  i.  Persian.  2.  Pesce  — , 
perch,  Perca  fluviatilis,  locally  termed 
Perso  di  flume,  Perchia,  Percia  di 
schiumi,  Persego.  3.  (bot.)  —  colti- 
vato^ Pesco,  peach-tree;  Nero  di  — , 
peach  black,  from  carbonised  peach- 
stones. 

Persino  adv. ;  strengthened  form  of 
Sino,  even, 

Persist-ere  pcrf.  >ei  or  -etti  -esti  -e  or  -etle 
•emmo  -este  -6rono  or  -ettero,  part,  -fto  (L.) ;  as  E. 
Ajf.  -entememe,  -enza. 

Perso;  (\)part.  of  Perdere. 

(B);  =  Persiano,  Persian.  —  arbosccllo,  pearh- 
tree. 

(C) ;  —  di  fiume  or  Pesce  — ,  perch,  v.  Persico  (2). 

Etym.  Apparently  an  alteration,  clue  to  the 
influence  of  Persa,  a  Persian,  from  L.  fierca%  a  perch, 
For>Vn:<j,  =  Gr.  irepwjj,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Perch. 

*(D)  (mlt.  persits  or  per  sens  t  further  etym.  un- 
known); deep  purple.     As  s/>.t  cloth  of  this  colour. 

*  Persolvere  ;  to  discharge  an  obligation. 
Pers6n-ay!;  as  E.     *i.  Stare  in  petto  e  in  — , 

to  be  upright  and  stiff,  ii.  Perder,  Toglier  la  — ,  to 
die,  kill.  iii.  Metter  — ,  to  grow  stout,  iv.  Metier 
la  —  in  un  traffico,  to  be  the  active  partner  as  op- 
posed to  a  sleeping  one.  v.  In  —  d1  uno,  instead  of 
him.  Aff.  -accia /?£•£•. 

Etym.  L.,  7'.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sul>  vac,  Walde 
objects  to  the  usual  derivation  from  /V-r,  situate,  that 
the  expression  persona  fabnltita  is  older  than  the 
use  of  masks,  and  prefers  derivation  <**<«?«/?,  =  Gr. 
£<OCT)  ;  sonare,  therefore,  to  clothe,  personare^  to 
clothe  completely,  dress  up,  whence  persona  as 
verbal  substantive. 

Personaggiow.;  personage,  (theat) 
Fare  un  — ,  to  take  a  part. 

Personale;  i.  as  E.  2.  as  sb.,  figure; 
Un  bel  — ,  a  good  figure.  3.  staff  (of 
an  establishment).  4.  stipend. 

Personal-ino  m.;  dim.  vezz.  of  -e  (2). 

Personality/:  as  E. 

Personalme'nte ;  as  E. 

Person-cina/.,  -cino  m,;  dims,  vezz.  of -a. 

*  Personeggiare ;   i.   to  personify,     ii.    to  per- 
sonate. 

Personific-are  ind.  personifico ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-azione. 

*  Perspettico  ;  =  Prospettico. 
Perspi-cace,     -cacem£nte,    -cacia,    -cua- 

m6nte,  -cuita,  -cuo  ;  as  E. 

*  Perspirazione  /. ;  transpiration. 
Persua-dere  perf.  persuasi  or/0/.  persuadiedi 

-d6sti  persuase  or  pop.  persuadiede,  part,  persiiaso 
(L.  per.sttadere ;  suadere  is  akin  to  sttavis,  — 
**suaduis,  sweet,  root  wad,  to  please,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sweet) ;  to  persuade. 

Aff.  -dibile,  -ditrice,  -sibile  (i.q.  -dibile),  -sibilita, 
•sione,  -siva  persuasiveness,  -sivamente,  -sivo,  -sore, 
•sorio  of  persuasive  character. 

*  Persutto  in.  ;  =  Prosciutto,  ham. 

*  Perta  f. ;  =  Perdita,  loss. 

Pertanto  ;  i.  however.     2.  in  fact. 
Perterrito  ;  =  Atterrito,  terrified. 

Pertica/  (L.) ;  pole.  As  a  measure, 
about  ten  feet. 

*  Perticaio  (Perlicale)  tti. ;  a  kind  of  Coltro,  o.v. 

*  Perticare ;    to   strike,    or  to   measure,    with   a 
Pertica. 

Perticata/;  blow  with  a  pole, 

Perticato  m.  ;=Perticazione,  mea- 
surement. 

Perticatore  m. ;  i.  measurer.  2.  sur- 
veyor's assistant. 

Perticazidne  / ;  measurement  of 
ground. 

Perti-chitta,  -chella,  -china;  dims,  of -ca. 

Perticbino  m. ;  i.  (theat.}  understudy 
of  a  singer.  2.  short  part  ;  Nel  primo 
atto  il  tenore  non  ha  che  un  —  che 
tramezza  1'  aria  del  soprano,  in  the  first 


act  the  tenor  only  sings  a  few  bars 
which  intervene  in  the  part  of  the  so- 
prano. +  =  Trapelo,  extra  horse. 

Pertic6n-e  in.,  -a/;  augtn.  Pertica. 
Pertin-ace  ;  as  E.     Aff,  -aceme'nte,  -acia. 

Pertinenza/;  department  of  affairs. 

*  Pertingere  ;  to  arrive,  reach. 

*  Pertrarre ;  to  drag. 

Pertrattare  ;  to  discuss  completely. 

*  Pertrazione  /.:  protraction. 

Pertugiare  ;  to  perforate. 

Pertiigio  m.  (bit.  pertusium,  cp.  Fr. 
pertuis,  <  L.  pertusus,  part,  of  per- 
tundere,  to  bore) ;  aperture. 

*  Pertundere  (L.) ;  to  bore. 

Perturb-are ;  as  E.  Aff,  -amento,  -ataminte, 
•atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*Pert-uao,  *-usio  m.  ;  =  Pertugio. 

Perucciayl;  dim.  spreg.  Pera,  pear. 

Pertogginey". ;  wild  pear. 

Peruginfisco  ;  of  Perugino,  the  painter. 

Perugino  m. ;  an  inferior  variety  of  vine, 
ti.  ^Pidocchio,  louse,     ii.  contents  of  a  cesspool. 

*  Peruato  ;  =  Arso,  burnt. 

*  Peruzza  f, ;  ~  Peruccia. 
Pervenire  ;  to  come  to,  arrive  at. 

*  Perversare  ;  i.    to  kick  and  struggle  like  one 
possessed,     ii.  =Imperversare,    to    become    furious, 
iii.    -  Rampognare,  to  scold. 

Pervers-p  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -aminte,  -ita. 

Pervert-ire  ind.  perverto ;  as  E.  Aff.  -iminto, 
-itore,  -itrice. 

Pervi-cace  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  suit  Pervicacious) ; 
obstinate.  Aff.  -cacemente,  -cacia. 

Pervinca  (Provinca)  /.  (L.,  <  per, 
vincire,  to  bind) ;  (hot.)  periwinkle, 
Vinca. 

*  Perzare  ;  to  pierce. 
Pesabile ;  weighable. 
Pesaggio  m. ;  weighing. 
Pesalardo  m.',  a  species  of  smalt  fly. 
Pesalettere  HI.  ;  letter-weigher. 
Pesaliqudre  ?//.  ;  =  Aerometro,  hydrometer. 

*Pesamondi  ;//. ;  =  Saccentone,  wiseacre. 

Pes-are  ind.  pe'so  (L.  pensare,  freq. 
of  pendtre,  to  weigh,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pen- 
dant) ;  i.  to  weigh.  2.  part.  Pesante, 
dull,  heavy. 

Aff.  -amento,  -antem^nte,  -antezza,  -ata  hasty 
weighing,  -ataminte,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura  weighing 
or  price  paid  for  weighing. 

*  Pesaruolo  in. ;  =  Fusaiolo. 
Pesasale  m. ;  =  Salinometro,  salt-gauge. 

P6sca  /    (L.    persica,    sc.    mahi}  ; 

1.  peach  ;     —    duracine,    cling-stone 
peach  ;    -  -    spicca,   free-stone    peach  ; 

*  noce,    nectarine.      2.    fig.    bruise, 
lump  from  a  blow. 

P^sca  (It.  pescare) ;  fishing. 

Pescaggio  m.  ;=  Pescagione  (2). 

Pescagi6ne/;  i.  fishing.  2.  (mar.) 
immersion,  draught ;  —  a  poppa,  or  a 
prora,  draught  aft,  or  forward. 

Pescaia/;  i.  fish-pond.  2.  dam, 
weir;  Assordirebbe  una  --  he  talks 
loud  enough  to  drown  the  noise  of  a 
weir ;  Ha  una  —  in  corpo,  he  makes 
a  terrible  noise  in  talking. 

Pescaio ;  Agosto  — ,  August  is  the  time  for 
peaches. 

Pescaidlo  ;//. ;  trench  to  save  terraced  ground 
from  being  washed  away  by  heavy  rain. 

*  Pescante  ?ri.  •  (wrtr.)=Pescatore,  the  hook  of 
the  cat-tackle  for  catting  the  anchor. 

*  Pescara  /, ;  =  Peschiera,  fish-pond,  vivarium. 

Pescare  ind.  pesco ;    i.   to  fish,  or 
tr.  to   fish  up,  fish    for,  fish   out  ;    - 
al    fondo,   to   search    out    thoroughly. 

2.  (mar.)  to  draw,  to  be  so  much  im- 
mersed.    3.  Andare  a  —  coralli,  i.e.  to 
go  to  the  bottom. 


Pescar^ccio;  i.  employed  in  fishery. 
2.  (river  or  pool)  containing  fish. 

*  Pescaria  /. ;  =  Peschiera. 
Pescata  f. ;  fishing,  or  catch  of  fibh. 

t  Pescat^llo  in. ;  dim.  Pesce. 

Pescat-6re  m.;  T.  fisherman;  II — ,  St  Peter. 
2.  Pesce  — ,  frog-fish,  Lopkivs  piscatorius.  3.  Uc- 
cello  — ,  Re  — ,  —  del  Re,  or  simply  — ,  kingfisher, 
Alctdo  hispida,  also  termed  Alcedine,  Alcione, 
Ispida,  Martin  pescatore,  Picupiolo,  Piombino,  Uc- 
cello  della  Madonna,  del  Paradiso,  or  Santa  Maria. 
4-  (mar.)  tackle  for  catting  the  anchor.  Aff.  -orello 
dim.  spreg.,  -orio  adj.,  -rice. 

Pe'sc-e  m.  (L.  piscis)  ;  I.  fish  ; 
Su'  pesci  mesci,  v.  Mescere(i);  Andare 
a  bastonare  i  -i,  i.e.  to  be  sent  to  the 
galleys.  2.  in  printing,  word  left  out 
by  the  compositor.  3.  (anat.)  biceps 
muscle  of  the  arm.  4.  part  of  the  chine 
in  the  carcase  of  a  pig. 

*Novo  —  ;  i.  dolt,  extravagant  fellow,     ii.  agree- 
able fellow. 

Pescecane  m. ;  dogfish. 

*  Pesceduovo  in. ;  i.    omelet  rolled  up  to  look 
like  a  fish.     ii.  —  rivolto,  man  of  no  fixed  principles, 
weathercock. 

*  Pescetta/;=  Pecetta,  pitch  plaster. 

Pesc6ttO7«.;  i.  dim.  Pesce.  2.  piece 
of  pastry. 

Peschere'cci-0  ;  engaged  in  fishing. 
Cogliere  alia  -a,  to  coil  a  rope  in  long 
fakes. 

Pescheria/;  fish-market.  *i.  fish- 
ing, ii.  =  Pesca. 

tPesch6ta/;;  fish-pond,  vivarium. 

*  Peschiera/;    i.    fish-pond,     ii.    dam,  ?'.   Pes- 
caia (2). 

Peschino  m. ;  dim.  Pesco,  peach- 
tree.  —  della  China,  a  dwarf  variety. 

tPeschio,   P£scio  in.  (L.  penults,  bolt,=Gr. 
TraffffoAos,  peg^;  =  Chiavistello,  bolt. 

Pesciaccio  »/. ;  pegg.  Pesce. 
tPesciaio  w.  ;=Pesciaiolo. 

Pesciaibla/;  i.  fish-kettle,  or  large 
dish  for  bringing  fish  up  to  table. 
2.  fishwife.  3.  (ornith)  smew,  a  species 
of  diver,  Mergus  albellus,  also  termed 
Monaca  bianca,  Monachetto,  Smergo 
bianco. 

Pesciaiu61o  m. ;  fishmonger. 

Pescianfno  adj.  or  sb. ;  a  variety  of 
olive  with  small  leaves  and  fruit. 

Pesciarello  m. ;  dim.  Pesce. 
Pesciatello  m. ;  dim.  Pesce. 

Pesciatfno  ;  i.  of  Pescia.  2.  II—, 
Giusti  the  poet. 

Pe'scieoltura  / ;  fish-culture. 

*Pescina/:;  =  Piscina,  fish-pond. 

*  Pescino  ;  suitable  for  fish. 

P£scio  m. ;  i.  pop.  for  Pesce,  fish.  2.  {mar.) 
overlapping  of  two  pieces  of  canvas  in  the  seams  of 
a  sail,  creasing  of  seams. 

Pescio  m.;  v.  Peschio. 

Pesciolin-o  m. ;  i .  dim.  Pesce. 
2.  Fare  i  -i,  a  certain  style  of  swim- 
ming. 3.  in  pi.,  little  rolls  of  dirt  made 
by  rubbing  the  hands  together. 

Pesci-6ne  augttt.,  *-oso  adj.,  -6tto  axgm., 
* -tello  dim.,  -uccio  <#»/.,  *-uolo  dim.,  *-uzzo 
dim. ;  v.  Pesce. 

Pescive'ndolo  m. ;  fish-hawker. 

Pesco  m.  (It.  pesca);  (hot.)  i.  peach- 
tree,  Amygdalus  Persica,  also  termed 
Persico  coltivato.  2.  —  noce  coltivato, 
nectarine  tree,  Amygdalus  Persica  nec- 
tarina. 


PESCO— PETTININA 


437 


Pe'sco  ;  syncop.  for  Pescato,  v.  Pes- 
care. 

tPescolo  m.;  =  Bruscolo,  specie,  in  wine. 

Pescdso  (A)  (L.  piscosus};  well 
stocked  with  fish. 

(B)  (It.  pesca) ;  (eyes)  swollen  with 
crying. 

*  Pescotto  in. ;  blow  such  as  to  raise  a  lump. 
Pescucciay;;  dim.  Pesca,  peach. 

*  Pescugliare  ;  to  dabble  in  the  water. 
•Pesello  »;.;=Pisello,  pea. 

Pes^zza  f. ;  heaviness. 
Pesino  m. ;  dim.  Peso,  weight. 

Peso  m.  (A)  (L.  pensum,  <pend2re, 
to  weigh) ;  weight.  Di  — ,  of  full  weight. 
A  —  di  carbone,  amply.  Levare  di  — , 
to  take  away  in  its  entirety,  bodily. 

* —  grosso,  —  sottile,  two  standards  of  weight 
formerly  used  in  many  parts  of  Italy,  just  as 
avoirdupois  and  Troy  weight  were  both  current  in 
England. 

(B)  ;  =  Pisello,  pea. 

*Pesol-o,  *-one  ;  =  Penzolini,  dangling. 
*Pesone  in.;  an  ancient  Etruscan  coin. 

Pessario  in.  (mlt.  pessarinn:,<Gr.  jreffirck, 
plug,  orig.  pebble) ;  pessary.  *  suppository. 

Pessarizzare  ;  to  introduce  as  a  pessary. 
t  Pesseta  f. ;  loach,  T.  Cobio. 

Pessime  m.  (Latinism,  used  as  sb.); 
bad  mark  at  school. 

Pessim-o  (L.);  worst.  Afi.  -ant^nte,  -ismo, 
-ista. 

Pesso  tn. ;  i.q.  Pessario. 
t  Pessucola  /. ;  loach,  v.  Cobio. 
*Pessundare;-  Vilipendere. 

P6st-a/i;  I.  beaten  track.  2.  in 
//.,  difficulties.  3.  Sulle  -e  di,  on  the 
track  of. 

* i.  =  Pestamento.  ii.  =Calca,  crowd,  iii.  fury, 
iv.  =  Peste  ;  Di  — ,  not  at  all.  tv.  =  Imbroglio. 

Pestacolori  m.  ;  —  Macinacolori, 
colour-grinder. 

Pestam^nto  m. ;  pounding. 

Pestape'pe  m. ;  pepper-grinder. 

Pest-are  ind.  pe"sto ;  i.  to  pound, 
to  stamp  (the  feet).  2.  to  trample  on, 
tread  upon.  3.  Stare  a  polio  -o  (for 
-ato),  to  be  dangerously  ill,  the  meta- 
phor being  from  fowls  packed  for  the 
market.  4.  Carta  -a,  v.  Cartapesta. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  pistar,  to  trample,  pisar, 
to  squeeze,  Fr.  piser,  to  tread  down,  cp.  It.  pizza, 
bun.  The  forms  with  st  are  <  late  L.  pistare,  < 
pistus,  for  pinsitns,  <pinsere,  to  pound  ;  those  with 
s  belong  to  I.,  pisare,  a  variant  ofpitisrre.  V.  Skeat, 
tut  Pistil. 

*Pestarola  f.\  i.  =  Mezzaluna,  sausage-knife, 
ii.  =  Saracinesca,  portcullis. 

*  Pestasavori  m.  \  toy  mortar. 

Pestat-a  / ;  pounding.  Aff.  -fna, 
dim. 

*  Pestatoio  m.;  =  Pestello,  pestle. 

Pest-at6re  /«.,  -atora  / ;  vbsbs.  of 
-are,  esp.  one  who  pounds  a  piano  in 
playing  it. 

Pestatura/;  i.  pounding  (generally, 
Pestata  being  specific),  esp.  that  of  dried 
chestnuts.  2.  trampling.  3.  pounded 
chestnuts.  4.  season  for  pounding  them. 

P6st-e  /  (L.) ;  i.  pest,  plague. 
2.  stink.  3.  Essercene  le  sette  -i,  to 
be  a  plaguy  lot ;  C'  e  le  sette  -i  delle 
frutte,  there  is  a  plaguy  lot  of  fruit. 
4.  syphilis. 

Pes t ellata  /. ;  blow  with  a  pestle. 

Pestell-6tto»». ;  dim.  -o. 

Pestellino  m.:  dim.  Pestello.    '-Plstillo. 


Pestello  m.  (\*.  pistil lum,  v.  Pestare); 
pestle.  The  term  is  applied  at  billiard 
pool  to  a  player  who  has  lost  one  of  his 
three  lives,  v.  Occhio  (4),  and  Mortale. 

*Rinnegare  il  — ;  =  Rivoltarsi  con  sdegno,  to  turn 
away.  A  tradition  is  quoted  by  Tommaseo  and 
Bellini  to  the  effect  that  the  phrase  arose  after  the 
Council  of  Florence  in  which  the  Greeks  took  part 
but  did  not  remain  faithful  to  the  decisions  of  the 
Council  and  were  accordingly  said  to  have  left  the 
Pestello,  i.e.  the  iritrrevw,  true  faith,  at  the  Ponte 
rosso,  a  bridge  formerly  existing  over  tbe  Mugnone. 

fPesticciare;  v.  Pisticciare. 

Pest-ffero,  -ilente,  -ilenza,  -ilenziale, 
-ilenzialmente;  as  E. 

Pestio  ;//. ;  constant  pounding. 

t  Pestio  m. ;  —  Chiavaccio. 

Pesto  m. ;  in  paper-making,  pulped  rags. 
*i.  =  Pestamento,  pounding,    ii.  pounded-up  food. 

Pest6ne  m.  (It.  pestare) ;  large 
wooden  rammer,  *=Pistone. 

*  Pestore  w.;=Pestone. 

Pesucchiare  ;  to  be  rather  heavy. 

Pesuccio  (Pesu/zo)  m. ;  dim.  Peso. 

*  Petacchina/];  house-shoe. 
•Petacchio,  *Petaccio  m.\  gun-boat. 

Petaccidla  ^;=Piantaggine  maggiore,  plan- 
tain. 

Petaccidlo  ?«.;=Piantaggine  d' acqua,  water- 
plantain, 

Petalo  m.  (Gr.  ire-raXov,  cp.  •ntra.vvv^L,  to 
spread);  petal. 

t  Petaraccia_/I;  a  flatfish,  v.  Suacia. 

Petardiere  m.',  petardeer. 

Petardo  ;«.  (Fr.  pet-er,<'L,  pedere,  to  break 
wind,  with  Germanic  suffix,  v.  supra  -ardo,  in  loco)\ 
petard. 

Petaso  m.  (L.,  <Gr.);  wide-brimmed  hat,  esp. 
the  winged  cap  of  Mercury. 

*Petazzayi  (L.  pittacium,  slip  of  parchment); 
=  Bagattella,  trifle. 

Pet4cchi-a  /  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps 
mlt.  pesticchia,  for  pesticuld}  ;  i.  miser. 
2.  in  pi.,  spots  on  the  skin  in  fevers. 
Aff.  -ale. 

t  Petenco  ;  =  Sciocco,  Goflfo,  clumsy. 

*  Petereccio  m. ;  i.q.  Patereccio,  whitlow. 
Petign6ne.  Petigndni  ;  pop  for  Pedignoni. 

*  Petito,  *  Pitetto  (A)  (Fr.  petit,  believed  to  be 
of  Celtic  origin,  v.  Pizzo)  ;  small.    (B)  As  sb.  (<  L.) ; 
i.  petition,     ii.  =Appetito. 

Petit6rio  m.\  (leg.)  petition  to  a  court  of  law. 

Petizi6ney^;  i.  petition.  2.  —  di  principio, 
begging  the  question. 

*i.  A  — ,  for  the  sake  of,  ii.  A  mia  — ,  within 
my  power. 

P6t-o  ;//.  (L.  pedituttt) ;  fart.  La  smania  di 
saper  tuttj  i  -i,  craze  for  knowing  every  detail. 
*  Riavere  il  — ,  to  recover  strength. 

Petonciano,  Petronciano  m. ;  (hot.)  egg- 
plant or  mad -apple,  Solatium  melongena,  or  its  fruit. 
The  plant  is  a  variety  of  Solanum  fsculfntnm  which 
furnishes  the  aubergine  of  France.  This  is  usually 
purple,  the  fruit  of  the  egg-plant  being  white.  The 
Petonciano  is  also  known  as  Melanzana.  There  is 
another  species  of  egg-plant,  for  which  v.  Erba  (32). 

Etym.  A  corruption  of  Arabic  bAdingian  from 
a  Persian  original,  a  word  that  assumed  the  various 
forms  of  Span,  berengena,  bit.  belangolus  and  meran- 
golus,  Fr.  mfratigene  and  melongene  (and  also 
aubergine,  the  first  syllable  of  which  is  the  Arabic 
article,  cp.  Ital.  albicocco),  Ital.  melanzana.  This 
last  bearing  some  resemblance  to  malum  insanttm 
gave  this  combination  as  a  Latin  name,  and  so  that 
of  mad-apple  in  English,  the  alternative  term  for  the 
plant  or  its  fruit. 

Petrafendola^/;  a  kind  of  Sicilian  honey-cake. 

Petragnola/l;  =  Culbianco,  wheat-ear. 

Petraia/l;  stone-quarry;  the  word  is  obsolete 
except  as  a  place-name. 

PetraiOlay:;  i.q.  Petragnola. 
tPetrale  «.;  a  species  of  flat  fish,  v.  Suacia. 

Petrarca  ;  Petrarch.  Pagare  al  —  il  noviziato, 
to  write  love  sonnets. 

Aff.  Petrarch-eggiare  ind.  petrarcheggio,  to 
write  poor  imitations  of  Petrarch,  -eria  poor  imita- 
tions of  bim,  -escam£nte  adv.,  -esco  in  the  manner  of 
Petrarch,  -inp  small  edition  of  him,  -ista  admirer  or 
imitator  of  him. 

*Petrata/".;  blow  with  a  stone. 
*Petrell-a  /;  i.  dim.  Petra.    ii.   stone  mould 
for  casting  tin  plates ;   Potersi  gettare  in  -e,  to  be 
.something  very  easily  done. 

Petrello  m.,  (omith.)  petrel,  Oceanites  ocea.ni- 
cus,  also  termed  Oceanodrome.Uccellodelletemneste. 


Petriccidlo  ?«.;  (hot.)  i.  =Piede  di  leone,  v, 
Piede  (18,  m).     2.  =Erba  grisellina,  pimpernel. 
Petricciu61ay^;  small  stone. 

*  Petriera/!;  i.  stone-quarry,    ii.  (mil.)  catapult. 
Petri^ro   m. ;   (mil,    hist.)  mortar   for   hurling 

stones. 

*Petrinay^;  stone. 
Petroliero  ;  incendiary  by  petroleum. 
Petrolina ;  v.  Pietrolina. 

Petr61io  m.  (L.  petra,  rock,  olenttt,  oil); 
petroleum. 

*Petronciana  f.;    i.    madness,    v.   Petonciano 
etym.,  sub  Jin.     ii.  =  Petonciano. 

Petronciano  »/.;  i. q.  Petonciano. 
Petr6ne  m. ;=Strillozzo,  corn-bunting,     'large 
stone.     Battere  il  cul  sul  — ,  i.e.  to  go  bankrupt. 

Petr6sayC;  stony  ground. 
tPetrdsciolo  nt.\—  Pettirosso,  robin. 

*  Petro-sello,  *  -sellino,  *  -semolo,  *  -sillo  m. 
(L.  pctroselinum)  ;=  Prezzemolo,  parsley. 

Petrdso  ;  stony. 

Petr-ucci61a,  -ucola,  -uccola,  -uzza  \dim&. 
of  Pietra. 

Pettabdttay;;  cuirass. 

Pettata  / ;  i .  blow  on  the  breast 
or  with  the  breast  (of  a  horse).  2.  hill 
(where  the  horse  pulls  hard  with  its 
breast). 

Pett'  azzurrow/.;  (ortiith.) blue-breast,  Sylvia 
sHecica,  also  termed  Codirosso  con  petto  ccruleo, 
Petto  turchino,  Silvia  a  gola  cerulea. 


;   i.   gossiping  woman. 
2.  (prnith.)  redshank,  Totanus  calidris. 

Pettegol-are  ind.  pettdgolo  (prob. 
corr.  <  L.  vitilitigare,  <.  vitium,  +  litigo, 
to  brawl,  cp.  Lombard  dial,  betegar,  to 
have  an  altercation) ;  to  gossip,  peevishly 
or  saucily. 

Aff.  -ata  peevish  complaint,  piece  of  spiteful 
gossip,  -eggiare  (i.q.  -are),  -ezzo  petty  wrangling,  -io 
(i.g.  -ata),  -o  petty  and  spiteful. 

Pettegplone  tn.  ;  i.  augm.  Pettegolo.  2. 
(glassm.)  stirring-pole  for  the  "frit,"  also  termed 
Kullone. 

Pettegol-uccia,  -uccio  ;  dims,  spreg.  of -a,  -o. 
-ume  m.\  petty  disputing. 

*  Petticciuolo  tn. ;  dim.  Petto,  breast. 
*Petticione  m. ;  augm.  vezz.  Petto,  breast. 
*Pettideyi  (Gr.  mart's);  ancient  Lydian  harp. 

Pettiera  f.  ;  i.  =  Pettorale,  breast  strap. 
2.  (mar.)  =Alette,  fashion  pieces  of  a  ship's  stern 
frame. 

Pettjere  m. ;  =  Pettirosso,  redbreast. 

Pettignbne  (Pettiglione)  m.  (L.  pecten.  comb, 
also  hair  of  the  pubes) ;  (anat.)  the  pubic  region. 

Pettfmio  ;//.;  (W.)  =  Cuscuta,  dodder. 


2. 


Pettfna  f.\    i.   bosom  of  a  dress. 
large  comb  for  flax. 

Pettinaio  (Pettin-agno,  -agnolo) 
m.  ;  comb-maker. 

*  Pettinale  m.  ;  =  Corazza,  cuirass. 

Pettin-are  ind.  pettino  ;  i.  to  comb, 
fig.  to  scold,  or  to  correct.  2.  to  scratch. 

3.  to  card  (wool). 

*i.  —  il  vino,  to  drink  freely.  —  col  pettine  e 
col  cardo,  to  eat  and  drink  freely,  ii.  Torre  a  —  un 
riccio,  to  comb  a  curl  straight,  i.e.  to  attempt  an 

impossibility. 

Aff.  -ata  a  single  combing,  -ataccia  /<?,££•.,  -atina 
dim.,  -atora,  -alore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Pdttine  w.  ;  i.  comb.    2.  card  for 

wool.     3.    scallop-shell,  Pecten  varius. 

4.  —  da  filettare,  screw-tool,  for  cutting 
a  screw  on  the  lathe.     5.  =  Plettro. 

Etym.  L.  pecten^  comb,  root  pekt  to  pluck, 
cp.  Gr.  n-e'jcw,  to  shear,  A.S.  faxt  head  of  hair,  as  in 
Fairfax,  =  fairhaired.  V.  Skeat,  sub  Pectinal. 

Pettindlla/;  i.  hair-comb.  2.  fish  - 
spear.  3.  toothed  sculptor's  chisel. 

Petttnello  «.;  (mar.)  carling,  a  piece  fitted  in 
a  fore  and  aft  direction  between  two  deck  or  hold 

beams  to  strengthen  them. 

Pettiniera  /  ;  cornb-case. 
Pettinlna/;  i.q.  Pettinella  (i). 


438 


PETTININO— PIAGHETTA 


Pettinf.no  m. ;  small  comb. 
Pettfno  m. ;  shirt-front. 
Pett inuccio  m. ;  dim.  sfreg.  Pettine. 
Pettirossare  ;  to  catch  robins. 

Pettirdsso  in. ;  (ornith.)  robin  red- 
breast, Erythacus  rubecula,  also  termed 
Pettiere. 

Petto  m.  (L.pectus) ;  i.  chest,  breast. 
Mai  di  — ,  pleurisy.  Avere  a  — ,  to 
have  at  heart.  Pigliarla  di  — ,  to  take 
the  matter  up  warmly.  Uomo  di  — , 
courageous.  Da  —  a  reni,  depth  (of  a 
house  or  of  a  piece  of  furniture)  from 
front  to  back.  A  —  di,  in  comparison 
with.  Stare  a  —  con,  to  bear  com- 
parison with.  2.  breast-strap  (of  a 
horse's  harness).  3.  breast  of  a  coat 
or  waistcoat.  4.  (mil.  hist.)  cuirass. 
5.  In  —  di,  in  name  of;  Gli  rifeci  la 
cambiale  in  —  mio,  I  renewed  the  bill 
in  my  own  name. 

*i.  Dar  di  — ,  to  find  ;  Si  da  di  —  nel  castello 
Pontadera,  he  is  to  be  found  at  Pontadera.  ii.  Darsi 
di  — ,  to  fight  each  other,  iii.  —  da  ogni  altra 
botta,  =  Persona  esperta. 

Pettobianco  w.;=Mignattino,  black  tern. 

Pett-dccio  vezz.,  -one  augm.',  v.  Petto. 

*  Pettoni  in.  pl.;  =  Scarponi,  large  shoes. 

Pettoralew.;  i.  i.q.  Petto (2), breast- 
strap.  2.  cuirass.  3.  jewelled  clasp  on 
a  bishop's  Piviale.  4.  parapet.  5.= 
Spranga,  bar  (of  a  shutter).  6.  as  adj., 
pectoral.  7.  Giudizio  — ,  judgment  in 
the  court  of  first  instance,  summary 
judgment. 

Pettoralme'nte  ;  summarily,  v.  Pet- 
torale  (7). 

*  Pettoreggiare ;    i.    to   shock,   breast   against 
breast,     ii.   to  oppose. 

Pettorina  (Petturina)  / ;  a  front  to 
a  corset  worn  by  peasant  women. 

Pettorut-0  ;  with  the  chest  thrown 
out.  Aff.  -amdnte. 

Petto-turchino ;«.  ;=  Pett1  azzurro,  blue-breast. 

*  Petturina  ;  v.  Pettorina. 

*  Pettuscolo  »t. ;  dim.  Petto. 

Petul-ante  (L.  fetulans,<petere,  to  attack); 
as  E.  Aff.  -antem^nte,  -anza. 

Petuni 
as  E. 

Petuzzo  ;  Essere  la  casa  di  — ,  said  of  a  very 
small  house. 

Peucedano  m.  (L.,<Gr.  TrevKeSavov) ',  (bot.) 
hog's  fennel,  PeuCfdanum,  a  genus  of  UmbelUfcrae. 
tPevaron   m.\    —    de    mar,  =  Dattero   marine, 
pholas  shell. 

P6vera  f.  (perhaps  from  some  bit. 
word  based  upon  the  stem  of  L.  pie-re, 
to  fill,  cp.  Comascan  dial,  pledria, 
Milanese  pidria}  ;  i.  large  wooden 
funnel  for  filling  wine-casks.  2.  by 
ext.,  large  cup. 

*Peverada  /  (It.  pevere);  i.  highly  peppered 
broth,  ii.  potted  meat.  iii.  fig.  =  Frottola,  idle  jest. 

•Pevere  »<.;=  Pepe,  pepper. 

Peverell-a  /.,  -o  m. ;  (tot.)  =  Santoreggia, 
summer  savory. 

Pevero  m. ;  a  kind  of  stew. 

Peza/;  drag-net. 
*Peziente;  =  Pezzente,  beggar. 

Pezz-a  f.  (Celtic ;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Piece,  Petty) ;  i.  piece  of  cloth  or 
other  stuff,  wrapper  for  a  baby,  dressing 
for  a  wound,  etc.  2.  (herald.)  -e  ono- 
revoli,  charges,  honourable  ordinaries  ; 
they  are  divided  into  three  classes,  first, 
Capo,  Palo,  Fascia,  Banda,  Sbarra, 


.  .  •antemene,  -anza. 

Petunia/.  (Amer.  Jnd.  fetun,  tobacco) ;  (bot.) 


Croce,  Pergola,  Croce  traversa  or  di 
S.  Andrea,  Gherone,  Capriolo,  Bordura, 
Quarto  franco,  Campagna  ;  second,  Gi- 
rone  or  Grembo,  Scudo  nel  cuore, 
Punta  bassa,  Pila,  Capo,  Cantone, 
Lambello,  Orlo,  Cinta,  Piano,  Ter- 
razzo  ;  third,  Losanghe,  Fusi,  Bisanti, 
Torte,  Torte  bisanti,  Losanghe  vuote, 
Losanghe  forate,Triangoli,  etc.  3.  space 
of  time.  4.  (hist.)  silver  coin  of  about 
four  shillings.  5.  (vet.)  spot  on  a  horse's 
coat. 

*i.  =Parato,  hangings,  ii.  —  di  _  levante,  l>. 
Pezzetta.  iii.  Uomo  di  — ,  man  of  importance  ; 
Cavallo  di  — ,  fine  horse,  iv.  =  Pezzo.  v.  A  questa 
— ,  a  short  time  ago.  vi.  Unguenlo  e  -e,  both  money 
and  pains,  ///.  ointment  and  hnt. 

Pezzacci-a  /,  -o  m. ;  pegg.  of  Pezz-a,  -o. 

*  Pezzaio  ;«.;  seller  of  scraps  of  leather. 

Pezzalana  f. ;  baby's  diaper. 

Pezzame  m. ;  scraps. 

Pezzat-o ;  variegated  (marble)  or, 
of  a  horse's  coat,  with  patches  of  a 
colour  different  from  that  of  the  rest. 
Can  — ,  any  kind  of  work  which  seems 
of  unequal  quality  in  its  parts.  I  lavori 
fatti  in  piu  riescono  sempre  cani  -i, 
work  in  which  several  people  have  had 
a  hand  always  comes  out  patchy. 

Pezzatura  / ;  patchiness. 

Pezzendo  ;  Andar  — ,  to  go  begging. 

Pezzente  m.  (L.petere) ;  beggar. 

Pezzetta  /;  (A)  dim.  Pezza,  esp. 
small  piece  of  lint  for  dressing  a  wound. 
(B)  (Spanish  word) ;  peseta,  Spanish 
franc. 

* —  di  levante,  or  Pezza  di  levante,  strip  of  linen, 
etc.,  dipped  in  rouge  for  painting  the  cheeks. 

Pczzettin-a  f.,  -0  m. ;  dim.  of  Pez- 
zett-a,  -o. 

Pezze'tt-o  m. ;  dim.  Pezzo.  t  =  Vi- 
vagno,  selvage.  Aff.  -uccio. 

Pezzin-a/,  -0  m. ;  dim.  of  Pezz-a,  -o. 

Pezz-ow.  (variant  of  Pezza);  I.  piece; 
Levare  i  -i  d'  uno,  to  speak  of  him  as 
badly  as  possible,  lit.  to  take  away  his 
pieces,  as  at  chess.  2.  space  of  time  ; 
Un  — ,  a  long  time.  3.  Uomo  tutto 
d'  un  — ,  man  of  the  greatest  integrity ; 
Tutto  d'  un  — ,  however,  also  means 
(a)  a  man  so  stiff  in  his  clothes  that  he 
seems  to  have  no  joints,  (f>)  a  piece  of 
work  well  put  together.  4.  —  duro,  — 
gelato,  ice-pudding.  5.  —  grosso,  per- 
sonage of  importance. 

*  =  Picea,  pine-tree. 
Pezzdia ;  ?>.  Pezzuola. 

Pezzolaio  m. ;  vendor  of  handkerchiefs. 

*  Pezzolame  m. ;  scraps  of  all  sorts. 
Pezzolata  f.;  handkerchief-full. 
Pezzol-etta,  -ina/;  dims,  of -a. 
Pezzol-uccia_/C;  dim.  spreg.  of -a. 
Pezz-6ne  augm.     *  -otto  augm.  (but  less  than 

-one),     -uccio  dim.  spreg.',  v.  Pezzo. 

Pezzubla,  Pezzbla/  (dim.  of  Pezza) ; 
handkerchief. 

*i.  baby's  diaper,  ii.  =  Pezzetta.  iii.  =  Cencio, 
rag. 

*Pezzuolo  m. ;  =  Pezzetto.  Un  — ,  for  some 
time. 

Pflun  !  excl.  of  a  fall  into  water. 

Pfum-pfum  !  excl.  of  a  thud  on  a  resounding 
body. 

Piacciaddi-o  m.;  complaint.  Non  vo  diquesti 
-i.  Non  c'  e  piacciaddii  che  tenga :  la  cosa  suc- 
cedera.  I  cannot  listen  to  these  lamentations :  the 
thing  has  to  be. 


Piaccianteo  (scherz.  for  Piacentiero) ;  dull, 
stupid. 

*  Piaccicare  (It.  piatto,  perhaps  through  a  form 
**piatticare);  to  squash  flat. 

Piaccichfccio  m. ;  sticky  place  or 
stuff. 

Piaccic6n-e  »/.,  -a  /  ;  bungler. 
Piaccicdso ;  sticky  (mouth). 

Piaccicbtto  m. ;  i.  pap,  pulp.  2.= 
Biaccicotto.  3.  fig.  a  correction  or  im- 
provement badly  done. 

*  Piacent-are  ;  to  flatter.     Aff.  *-eria. 

*  Piacent-iere,  -iero,  -ere,  -ero  ;«.;  i.  flatterer, 
ii.  as  adj.,  pleasing,     iii.  fond  (of ).     iv.  complaisant. 

Piac6re  ind.  piaccio  piaci  place 
piacciamo  piace'te  piacciono,  subj. 
piaccia,  imperf.  piaceva,  perf.  piacqui 
piacesti  piacque  piacdmmo  piace'ste 
pidcquero,  fut.  piacero,  parts,  piacendo 
piacente  piaciuto  (L.  placere,  v.  Pla- 
care)  ;  i.  to  please  ;  Mi  piace,  I  like 
it ;  —  a  se,  to  be  pleased  with  oneself, 
to  be  self-satisfied.  2.  as  sb.,  pleasure. 
3.  (bot.)  —  d'  acqua,  =  Cara,  feather- 
beds,  v.  Erba  (29). 

Aff.  Piace-retto  dim.,  -rlno  dim.  vezz.,  -rone 
aiigm.,  -ruccio  dim.  spreg.,  -rucolp  dim.  sprtg. 
ffgf',  -volaccio  augm.  pegg.  of  piacevole,  -vole 
agreeable,  -voleggiare  to  indulge  in  pleasantries, 
•volezza,  -volino  dim.,  -volmente,  -volone  or  -volona 
nngm. 

Piacimento  m. ;  A  tuo  — ,  as  much  as  you 
please. 

Piaciucchiare  ;  dim.freq.  of  Piacere. 

Piag-a/;  D.  Purg.  25.  30  has//, 
piage,  for  the  rhyme  (L. plaga,  a  blow, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Plague) ;  festering  sore  or 
wound.  Aff.  -accia><g£-.,  -are  vb. 

*Piagentare;  i.  to  acquiesce  in.  ii.  tr.  — 
Beffare,  to  mock. 

*  Piagentiere  ?«. ;  flatterer. 

*  Piagere  ;  =  Piacere,  to  please. 

Piaggellare  ind.  piagello  ;  i.  freq. 
of  Piaggiare,  to  flatter.  2.  intr.  =  Nin- 
nolare,  to  play. 

Piaggell6n-e  m.,  -a/ ;  =  Ninnolon-e, 
-a,  trifler. 

Piagger^lla  /  ;  dim.  vezz.  Piaggia. 

Piaggerfa  /  ;  i.q.  Piaggiamento, 
flattery. 

Piagg^tta/;  dim.  Piaggia.  twriting- 
desk. 

*  Piaggi ;  oldyl  //.  of  Piaggia. 

Piaggia  /.  (bit.  plagia,  seashore, 
<  L.  plaga,  region,  cp.  Gr.  7rXa£,  flat 
plain,  Germ,  flach,  flat ;  Piaggia  in  the 
Neapolitan  dialect  is  Chiaia,  as  in  the 
street  of  that  name  at  Naples)  ;  i.  sea- 
shore, usu.  Spiaggia  ;  Andar  -  — ,  to 
go  along  the  coast,  whether  by  sea  or 
on  land.  2.  declivity,  long  sloping  hill. 

*i.  region,  D.  Inf.  i.  29,  where,  however,  it  is 
taken  by  some  to  mean  slope.  At  Purg.  4.  35  it 
probably  means  the  flat  top  of  the  hill,  t  ii.  precipice, 
tiii.  Grattarsi  le  piagge,  to  come  out  of  an  affair 
badly. 

Piaggiare  (A)  (It.  piaggia,  shore) ; 
to  hug  the  shore.  *fig.  to  trim,  to  take 
no  decided  part,  D.  Inf.  6.  69. 

(B)  (bit.  **placiare,  <  L.  placere) ; 
to  coax,  or  intr.  to  play  the  part  of  a 
flatterer. 

'Piaggiata /;  =  Spiaggiata,  shore. 
Piaggia-t6re  m.,  -trice/:;  v.  Piaggiare  (B). 
Piaggi6ne  m. ;  augm.  Piaggia  (2). 
Piagh-etta  dim.,  -ettina  sub-dim,  of  Piaga. 


PIAGIA— PIANTO 


439 


*  Piagia  ;  v.  Piaggia. 
Piagnacciay:;=Stiaccino,  whin-chat. 
Piagnere  ;  v.  Piangere. 

Piagnisteo  m.  (It.piangere);  wailing. 

Piagnone   m.;    i.    person    who    is 

always  weeping.     2.  mute  at  a  funeral. 

3.  (hist.)  follower  of  Savonarola. 

Piagnucol-are  ;  of  a  child,  to  cry. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -10  freq.,  -6ne,  -6na,  -oso. 

Piag-6so  adj.,  -uccia  </;/«.;  v.  Piaga. 

Pialla  /.  (bit.  **planula,  <  L.  pla- 
nus)  ;  plane.  -  d'  imbelli  da  bottai, 
cooper's  rabbet-plane.  -  da  toro, 
round-plane.  —  a  unghia  or  a  ugna- 
tura,  mitre-plane.  —  rotonda,  compass- 
plane.  —  da  digrossare,  jack-plane. 
*=Mestola. 

Piallaccio  m. ;  i.  trimming  of  a 
plank,  i.e.  thin  rough  board  sawn  off 
in  trimming  it.  2.  veneer,  strip  of 
mahogany,  etc.  for  veneering.  3.  thick 
sod  used  in  covering  a  mound  or  steep 
bank. 

Piall-are  ;  to  plane.  Aff.  -ata  stroke 
with  a  plane,  -atina  (dim.  of  -ata),  -atore, 
-atrice  planing-machine,  -atura  i.  plan- 
ing, 2.  =  Trucioli,  shavings,  -dtta  dim., 
-etti'na  sub-dim. 

Piallettare  ;  v.  Pialletlo  (-2). 

Pialletto  in.;  i.  dim.  Pialla.  2.  plasterer's 
smoothing-board. 

Piallett6ne  »«.;  attgin.  Pialletto. 

Piallino»r.;  dim.  Pialla,  plane. 

Piallbne  m.;  i.  augm.  Pialla.     2.  =Ninnolone, 
trifler.     *as  adj.,  badly  done. 
tPialluzzo  m. ;  7-.  Pialletto. 

Piaminte  ;  piously. 

Plan  m.  \  yaws,  v.  Framboesia. 

Piana/  ;  i.  short  thick  plank,  stave. 
2.  square  stone  on  which  to  set  the  jamb 
of  a  door.  3.  a  concave  wooden  tool 
for  smoothing  the  surface  of  candles. 

4.  small  piece  of  flat  ground.     5.  (mar.) 

—  Matera.     6.    (vet.)  =  Scaglione,   eye- 
tooth  of  a  horse. 

•  i.  =  Porca,  ridge,     ii.  Prima  —  (a  Spanish  form 
of  expression),  =  Stato   maggiore.      iii.    Alia   — ,  of 
textiles,  without  design. 

tPianaiolo  m. ;  =  Pianigiano. 

Pianale  m. ;  piece  of  flat  ground. 
Pianame'nte ;      quietly.      *  poorly, 
simply. 

Pian-are;  of  goldsmiths,  to  smooth  (metal 
work),  to  planish.  AjfjT.  -atoio  planishing  chisel, 
-atore  plamsher,  -atura. 

Pianeggiare  ind.  piandggio  \.  to  be 
flat.  *(mus)  to  soften. 

Pianell-a  /  (It.  piano);  i.  shoe 
with  no  heel.  2.  thin  flooring-tile,  or 
flat  roofing-tile,  v.  Mattone  (i  i).  3.  (dot.} 

—  della  Madonna,  lady's-slipper  orchid, 
Cypripedium  calceolus,  also  termed  Fior 
farfallone.     *  steel  cap.     Aff.  -ata  blow 
with  a  — ,  -etta,  -ina  dims. 

Pianello  m. ;  strip  of  ground  between 
two  rows  of  vines. 

Ptanetl6ne  in.  ;  augm.  Pianella  (2). 
Pianelluccia/.;  dim.  spreg.  Pianella. 
tPianeraccio  /«.;=  Panereccio,  whitlow. 

•  Pianerotto  m. ;  small  flat  space. 

Pianerbttolo  m. ;  landing,  on  a 
staircase. 

Piandta  (A),  —  or  pop.  -o  m.  (L., 
<  Gr.)  ;  planet.  *star. 

(B)  /  (mlt.  pianeta,  with  the  same 


meaning,   of  unknown   origin);   (eccl.) 
chasuble,  vestment  worn  over  the  alb. 

Pianettino  m. ;  dim.  Piano  (4). 
Pianetto  ;  dim.  Piano  adj. 

Piane'zza  / ;  flatness. 

Pianforte  m.;  pianoforte. 

Piangere  perf.  piansi,  part,  pianto 
(L.  plangere,  to  beat  the  breast,  root 
plag,  cp.  Gr.  7rXr)o-o-o>)  ;  to  weep.  Fare 
il  piangi,  to  be  rather  tearful. 

*In  D.  Inf.  19.  45,  reading  and  meaning  are  both 
disputed,  but  if  piangeva  be  read  it  may  naturally  be 
explained  by  the  meaning  of  struggling  which  be- 
longs to  L.  plangerc,  as  in  Ovid,  Met.  u.  75,  of 
a  bird,  which  when  caught,  plangitur,  beats  with  its 
wings;  so  that  Quel  che  st  piangeva  con  la  zanca  = 
he  who  had  kicked  so  much  with  his  legs. 

*  Piangevol-e  ;  melancholy.  Onde  -\,fig.  tears. 
Piangi  m. ;  Fare  il  — ,  v.  Piangere. 

Piangi-t6re  ;«.,  -tdra,  -trice  / ; 
mourner. 

Piangiucchiare  ;  dim.  of  Piangere. 

Piangol-are  ind.  piangolo ;  to  whim- 
per. Aff.  -oso. 

Pianigid.no  ;  lowland.    Also  as  sb. 
Pianino  adv. ;  dim.  Piano,  gently. 

Pianista  HI.;  pianist. 

Pian-0  (L.  planus,  for  **placnus, 
cp.  Gr.  7rXa'|,  a  flat  thing,  Germ,  flack, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Flake,  Flay,  Plague)  ; 
I.  plain,  flat.  2.  Restare  in  -a  terra, 
to  be  very  poor,  //'/.  to  remain  on  the 
flat  ground.  3.  La  scala  e  abbastanza 
-a,  the  staircase  is  not  too  steep.  4:  In- 
ferriata  -a,  iron  grating  not  bowed  out 
(opposed  to  inginocchiata).  5.  Stile 
— ,  even  style  (of  writing).  6.  Uomo 
— ,  easy  to  deal  with,  unassuming. 
7.  Non  la  far  tanto  -a,  do  not  think  the 
matter  is  very  simple.  8.  Messa  -a, 
mass  without  singing.  9.  Pr<n'.  Tanto 
vale  la  messa  -a  quanto  cantata,  i.e.  a 
gentle  rebuke  may  be  as  effective  as  a 
rough  one.  10.  (mus.)  Voce  -a,  a  weak 
voice.  1 1.  Andar  per  la  -a,  to  act 
without  purposely  making  difficulties. 
12.  (hist,  leg.)  Di  — ,  without  due  form 
of  law.  13.  With  the  sense  of  level, 
Questo  mondo  China  gia  1'  ombra  quasi 
al  letto  — ,  the  shadow  cast  by  our 
world  is  now  nearly  at  the  level  of  the 
horizon,  D.  Par.  30.  3. 

As  adv. :  14.  gently ;  Pian  piano, 
very  quietly  ;  Posare  — ,  v.  Posapiano. 

A.ssl>. :  15.  plain.  16.  plane  surface. 
17.  stratum  ;  In  — ,  horizontally  ;  Mat- 
toni  in  — ,  bricks  on  a  level  with  each 
other  ;  Murare  a  matton  per  — ,  to 
build  with  bricks  laid  on  the  flat. 
:8.  floor,  storey  (of  a  house) ;  A  — , 
on  the  ground  floor.  19.  —  del  mar- 
tello,  flat  end  of  the  head  of  a  hammer. 
20.  A  un  — ,  Allo  stesso  — ,  Mandare  a 
un  — ,  to  make  no  distinction  of  good 
and  bad.  21.  plan  ;  —  regolatore  di 
Roma,  plan  by  which  the  streets  of 
Rome  are  to  be  laid  out ;  —  di  stivaggio, 
(mar.)  stowage  plan  showing  how  cargo 
is  stowed.  22.  (mus.)  singing  softly. 
23.  pianoforte.  24.  (herald.)  field  di- 
minished to  half  its  height. 

*i.  soft  (complexion),  ii.  A  pie  — ,  (floor)  without 
a  step  in  it.  iii.  Recare  al  — ,  to  demolish,  iv.  Ri- 
pulire  il  — ,  to  run  away. 


Piano  ;  derivative  of  Pio. 
Pianoforte,  Pianf6rte  or  Piano  /«. ;  piano. 
Piandne  m. ;  augm.  Piana  (i). 
'Pianora;  irreg.f.fl.  of  Piano. 
Pianbro  ;  v.  Oste. 

*  Pianoro  m. ;  piece  of  flat  ground  among  hills. 
tPianbttolo  m, ;=Pianerottolo,  landing. 

Piant-a  /  (L.  planta,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Plant);  i.  plant.  2.  sole  of  the  foot  or 
of  a  shoe  ;  Fermar,  Mover,  Voltar  le 
-e,  to  stand  still,  walk  on,  turn  round. 

3.  ground-plan    of   a    building,    plan 
(map)  of  a  town  ;  Disegno  in  — ,  map 
showing  a  sort  of  bird's-eye  view  of  a 
place  ;    Far  la  — ,  or  Levar  di  — ,  to 
sketch  in  plan  ;    Di  prima  — ,  in  the 
first  sketch  ;  Far  di  — ,  or  Di  sana  — , 
to  build  up  from  the  ground  ;  Rifare  di 
sana  — ,  to  renew  completely ;  Inventar 
di  sana  — ,  to  invent  the  whole  story. 

4.  (hot)  (a)  —  di  cent'  anni,  America'n 
aloe,  Agave  Americana,  (b)  —   delle 
fate,  (a)  white-berried  bryony,  v.  Bri- 
onia,  03)  red-berried  bryony,  Bryonia 
dioica,  also  termed  Zucchetta  selvatica. 

*i.  Scarpe  a  — ,  shoes  trodden  down  at  heel, 
ii.  =Orma,  trace. 

Piantacarbte  ;  mendacious. 

*  Piantadoso  ;  well-planted,  rich  in  trees. 
Piantaggine  /.  (L.  plantago,   v.   Skeat,  sub 

Plantain);  (pot.}  i.  —  lancifoglia,  plantain  ribwort, 
Plantago  lancealata,  also  termed  Cinque  nerbi, 
Lanciola,  Capo  di  serpe.  2.  —  maggiore,  common 
plantain,  Plantago  major,  also  termed  Petacciola 
Centonervi.  3.  —  mezzana,  hoary-leaved  plantain, 
I'lantago  media.  4.  —  d'  acqua,  water-plantain, 
A  lisma  plantago,  also  termed  Barba  silvana,  Petac- 
ciolo,  Mestolacce. 

Piantagidne  / ;  plantation. 

tPiantaiay^;  plantation. 

Piantamalanni    m. ;    (tot.)    Flos   Adonis,    a 
garden  plant,  Adonis  aestivalis. 
Piantanimale  m.;  zoophyte. 

Piant-are  ;  i.  to  plant.  2.  to  quit, 
leave  in  the  lurch  ;  —  chiodi,  fig.  to 
abscond  with  debts  unpaid.  3.  (hist.) 
=  Propagginare,  to  bury  alive.  4.  Ben 
-ato,  well  formed  (body),  or  iron,  with 
large  feet  ;  -ato  a  buona  luna,  born 
under  a  lucky  star.  5.  (mus.)  —  le 
vocali,  to  bring  out  the  vowels,  to 
vocalise.  6.  (herald.)  -ato,  (plant) 
whose  root  is  not  shewn. 

*  Piantarola  f. ;  an  old  country -dance. 
Pian t as tecch i  m. ;  shoemaker's  punch. 

Piantata/;  i.  planting.  2.  rows 
of  plants. 

Piantatdio  m. ;  seed-dibble,  which 
makes  the  hole  and  deposits  the  seed 
at  the  same  time. 

Pianta-tdre  ;«.,  -tora,  -trice  /.;  planter. 
—  di  dadi,  player  with  loaded  dice. 

Piantaturay:;  planting,  or  season  for  planting. 

Piantella  / ;  sole  of  a  boot ;  the 
inner  sole  is  called  Soletta,  and  the 
filling  between  Anima. 

Piant-crella  dim.,  -erellina  sito-dim.,  of 
Pianta. 

Pianterre'no  m. ;  ground-floor,  v. 
Piano. 

Piant-4tta,  -ettina,  -icella,  -icellfna,  -icina; 
dims,  of  Pianta. 

Piantlmi  m.  pi.;  i.  plantings. 
2.  seedlings  or  place  where  they  are 
kept. 

Piantinay:;  dim.  Pianta. 
tPiantito  m. ;=  Impiantito,  flooring. 

Pianto  m.;   i.  weeping;  Fare  il  — 


440 

di,  to  give  up  for  lost.  2.  as  part.,  v. 
Piangere.  3.  sync,  for  Piantato. 

Piantolina/;  dim.  Pianta. 

Piantonai-a  /,  -0  m. ;  nursery- 
ground. 

Pianton-are  ind.  piantono  ;  i.  to 
transplant.  2.  (mil.}  to  mount  guard. 

Piant6ne  m. ;  I.  cutting  of  a  plant, 
for  reproduction.  2.  watchman  ;  Met- 
tersi  di  — ,  to  stand  waiting. 

•Piantoriso  m.;  crying  for  joy. 
Piantucciay^;  dim.  spreg.  Pianta. 
Pianuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Piano. 


PIANTOLINA—  PICCHE 

Piattabanda/.  (Fr.)  ;  (artill.)  —  della  culatta, 
base-ring  of  a  gun. 

Piattaf6rma  /  ;  platform. 

Piatt-aia/;  i./««.of-aio.  2.  plate- 
rack. 

Piattaio  m.  ;  =  Cocciaio,  crockery- 
seller. 

Piattaidne  m.  ;  -  Nottolone,  night-jar. 
*  Piattaiuolo  m.  ;  repairer  of  Piatte. 
•Piattare  ;  =  Rimpiattare,  to  hide. 

Piattell-etto,  -ino;  dims.  of-o. 


Pianura  /  ;  wide,  open  plain. 

Pianuzza  /.',  --  passera,  lemon  dab-fish, 
Pletironectes  italic**,  locally  termed  Passera,  Pas- 
sara,  Passariello,  Rummo,  Passera  pianuzza,  Passira, 
Pianussa,  Panta,  Passer,  Linguata  pianusa. 

*  Pianuzzo  m. ;  (arck.)  fillet  in  the  capital  of  a 
column. 

Piare  (iua't.,  cp.  Pigolare) ;  i.  of 
birds,  to  sing.  2.  of  chestnuts  or  po- 
tatoes, to  shoot. 

*  Piasibile  ;  =  Piacevole,  pleasing. 

Piastra  /  (bit.  plastnim,  <  L.  em- 
plastrum,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Plaster) ;  i.  iron 
or  other  metal  plate  ;  —  della  toppa, 
-  di  fondo,  di  fondazione,  bearing- 
plate,  bed-plate  ;  —  a  cassetta  di  una 
serratura,  lock-box.  2.  slab,  not  of 
metal.  3.  (print.')  large  stone  or  iron 
surface  ("  imposing  surface  ")  which  re- 
ceives the  various  pieces  which  make 
up  the  forme.  4.  in  goldsmiths'  work ; 
Lavoro  di  — ,  worked  with  the  tool  as 
opposed  to  casting.  5.  armour.  6.  pi- 
astre, a  name  of  various  coins  ;  the 
Florentine  silver  piastre  was  two  francs, 
the  gold  piastre  of  South  Italy  and 
Spain  seven  francs,  the  Turkish  piastre 
of  the  present  day  is  about  threepence. 

*l.  =  Lavagna,  slate,  ii.  sword-blade,  iii.  severe 
scolding,  iv.  —  d'  argento,  silver  talent,  v.  (surg.) 
crust  of  a  scab. 

*  Piastraio  m. ;  armourer. 

Piastrfella/;  i.  dim.  Piastra.  2.= 
Muriella,  a  sort  of  quoit. 

'Piastrello  m.;   i.  cloth  for  spreading  plaster. 
ii.  snail-shell,     iii.  plate  of  armour. 
Piastretta/;  dim.  Piastra. 

Piastricciano  m.  ;  =  Minchione, 
blockhead. 

*  Piastr-iccico,  -iccio  m.;  medley. 
Piastricina  / ;  sab-dim.  Piastra. 

*  Piastringolo  m.;  medley. 
*Piastrino>K.;  i.  dim.  Piastra.    ii.  half  a  piastre. 

Piastr6n-e  m. ;  i.  augm.  Piastra, 
flag-stone,  or  large  plate  of  metal.  2.  pad 
worn  by  a  fencing-master  when  giving 
lessons.  Aff.  -cello,  -cino  dims. 

tPiastrucciano  m.;  a  plant  resembling  chicory. 
•Piata;  v.  Pieta. 

Piatanza ;  v.  Pietanza. 

Piateggiare  ind.  piateggio  ;=  Piatire. 

Piat-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  piato) ;  to  litigate. 

Piato  m. ;  lawsuit. 

*  *  i.  Mettere  —  di,  to  give  a  thought  to.  ii.  meet- 
ing, assembly.  iii.  =  Partito,  proposal.  iv.  case, 
position. 

Etym.  bit.  placitum,  in  the  sense  of  public 
assembly :  so  called  because  the  summonses  con- 
voking it  were  headed  quia  tale  est  nostrum 
placitum,  since  such  is  our  pjeasure.  In  feudal 
times  the  Assembly  at  which  disputes  were  settled 
was  termed  Piato,  which  word  therefore  assumed 
the  force  of  sentence,  judgment,  and  at  a  later  date 
its  present  meaning  of  lawsuit,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Plea. 

*Piatoso;  i.  =Pietoso.  ii.  =Pio.  iii.  happy, 
beloved. 

Piatta  /  ;  =  Chiatta,  barge. 


z.;  i.  rf//«.  Piatto.   2.  (mar.} 

—  d'  argano,  capstan-saucer.    3.  a  card- 
game,  v.  Pitocchino.     4.  scale-pan. 

Piatteria    /  ;     i.     crockery-shop. 
2.   collection  of  plates,  table-service. 
Piattino  m.  ;  dim.  Piatto.     Fare  il 

—  ,  to  save  up  the  winnings  made  at 
some   game   for   spending    on    an   ex- 
cursion. 

Piattista  ;«.  ;  cymbal  player. 

Piatto  ;  i.  flat  ;  Di  —  ,  with  the  flat 
(of  a  sword).  2.  as  s6.,  plate.  3.  dish 
of  food.  4.  scale-pan.  5.  cymbal. 

*i.  —  Appiattato,  lying  low.     ii.  laid  flat,  D.  Inf. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  plat,  Span,  and  Portug. 
c/iato,  Span,  piato,  plate,  pointing  to  bit.  **  plattus 
as  their  origin,  which  may  be  <  Or.  jr^aTvs,  broad, 
but  more  probably  is  independent  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Plate. 


Piattol-a  /  (It.  piatto) ;  i.  black- 
beetle,  Blatta.  2.  =  Piattone.  3.  fig. 
priest.  4.  Aver  sangue  di  — ,  to  be 
timid. 

*i.  (Casa)  da  -e,  dirty,  ii.  Dare  in  — ,  to  do 
mean  acts.  iii.  Mandare  a  far  rider  le  -e,  to  kill, 
iv.  Mangiar  le  -e,  to  be  miserly,  v.  scherz.  sun- 
burnt woman,  vi.  =  Piattone. 

Piattol-accia  pegg.  of  -a  ;  *  -o  a  variety  of  fig ; 
-6ne,  -6na  augms.  of  -a. 

Piatton-are  ind.  piattono  (It.  piatto); 
to  hit  with  the  flat  of  the  sword.  Aff. 
-ata,  blow  so  given. 

Piattine  »«.;  i.  augm.  Piatto.  z.  crab-louse, 
Phthiriuspubis;fig.  slow,  good-for-nothing  person. 

Piazza  /.  (bit.  plattia,  <  L.  plntea, 
cp.  Germ.  Platz,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Place)  ; 
i.  public  square ;  —  d'  arme,  drill- 
ground.  2.  market-place ;  Prezzo  di 
— ,  market  price.  3.,  quasi-fig.  the 
public, public  opinion  ;  E  un  galantuomo 
per  quel  che  fa  la  — ,  judged  by  the 
standard  of  the  day,  he  is  a  man  of 
honour  ;  Belli  in  fascia  brutti  in  — ,  v. 
Bello  (7).  4.  fortified  town.  5.  Far  - 
pulita,  to  clear  everything  away, 
pulita,  scherz.  bald  head.  6.  Mettere 
in  — ,  in  playing  a  game  with  counters, 
to  place  the  first  counter.  7.  Mettere 
or  Andare  in  — ,  to  begin  to  grow  bald. 

*i.  (geom.)  area.  ii.  Condannare  alia  — {  to 
expose  as  an  infamous  person  to  public  view, 
iii.  Dar  — ,  to  make  room  ;  Esserci  —  franca,  to  be 
empty ;  Far  bella  la  — ,  to  make  room  for  oneself ; 
Far  — ,  of  manure  which  burns  from  being  too  strong. 
iv.  (mil.)  Perder  — ,  to  lose  ground,  v.  =Corsia, 
passage,  in  a  hospital,  vi.  —  morta,  deadhead, 
dummy  soldier,  whose  pay  the  captain  draws  and 
keeps  for  himself,  vii.  (mar.)  a  space  on  the 
quarter-deck,  viii.  main  deck  from  castle  to 
"castle"  in  the  old  ships,  ix.  (mil.)  the  space 
inside  a  hollow  square  of  troops,  x.  space  where 
the  guns  of  a  battery  are  manoeuvred,  the  space 
assigned  to  each  gun  being  its  Piazzuola.  If  the 
guns  are  in  three  tiers  the  spaces  occupied  by  each 
tier  respectively  are  Piazza  alta,  bassa  and  di  mezzo. 
xi.  (/crtif.)  —  dabbasso,  a  kind  of  outwork. 

Piazzaiolo  m. ;  market-loafer,  cad. 
Piazzal-e    m.  ;    yard,    open    space. 
Aff.  -etto  dim. 


Piazzar&lo  m.;  workman  in  the  steeping-yard 
of  an  alum-works. 

Piazzat-a  / ;  i.  low  kind  of  amuse- 
ment or  performance.  2.  bare  patch 
on  the  head,  or  in  a  field,  where  the 
sowing  was  missed,  etc.  3.  of  the 
colour  of  a  dress,  A  -e,  patchy,  unevenly 
dyed. 

Piazzato  ;  patchy,  v.  Piazzata  (3). 

Piazzeggiare  ind.  piazzeggio ;  to 
walk  about  the  squares. 

Piazze'se  ;  low,  vulgar. 

Piazzett-a,  -ina  ;  dim.,  sub-dim,  of  Piazza. 

Piazzino  in. ;  lounger  in  the  market- 
place. 

Piazzista  m. ;  commercial  agent. 

Piazz-61a«Y;n.,  -dneaugm.,  -6ttarfi'»i.  of -a. 

Pica/(L.);  i.  (ornith.)(a)  =  Ga.-ua., 
magpie;  (b)  —  ghiandaia,  =  Ghiandaia, 
jay;  (c)  —  marina,  (a)  =  Pulcinella  di 
mare,  puffin,  (/3)  =  Ghiandaia  marina, 
roller ;  (d)  —  merdaria,  =  Ghiandaia  ma- 
rina, roller  ;  (e)  —  palombina,  =  Ghian- 
daia, jay.  2.  (med.)  disease,  in  which  a 
prominent  symptom  is  morbid  appetite. 

Picacismo  m. ;  v.  Pica  (2). 
*Picato(It.  pece);  flavoured  with  resin. 

Picca  /  (Celtic  stem  pic,  v.  infra, 
Pizzo,  etym.,  and  Skeat,  sub  Pick,  Pike) ; 
i.  pike,  spear.  2.  pikeman,  soldier ; 
Passare  per  le  picche,  to  run  the  gaunt- 
let. 3.  in  pi.,  at  cards,  spades,  see  note 
to  Carta  ;  Fante  di  picche,  silly  fool 
who  thinks  he  is  a  person  of  conse- 
quence ;  Accennar  picche  e  dar  danari, 
v.  Accennare.  4.  Risponder  picche,  to 
give  a  refusal.  5.  pique,  wounded  pride  ; 
Fare  a  — ,  to  be  disputing,  quarrelling; 
Mettere  a  — ,  to  provoke,  irritate.  6.  a 
piece  of  spite.  7.  --  e  ripicca,  quip 
and  repartee.  8.  Prendere  —  a,  to  feel 
piqued  at. 

*i.  Posare  la  -,  =  Attaccare  1"  alabarda,  to  plant 
oneself  in  somebody's  house,  ii.  as  a  measure,  the 
length  of  a  pike  ;  Passo  di  — ,  long  step.  iii.  Fante 
di  picche,  =  Raggiratore,  swindler. 

Piccadore  m.  (Span.) ;  picador  at  a 
bull-fight,  whose  business  is  to  irritate 
the  bull. 

*  Piccancllo  «/.;  =  Grappo!o  isolato. 

Piccant-e ;  piquant,  sharp.  Aff.  -ino 
dim. 

Piccapietre  »;.;  =  Scarpellino,  cuiseller. 

Piccardia  f.\  (geogr.)  Picardy.  Mandare_  in 
—  ,  =  Far  impiccare,  to  have. ..hanged.  Trovarsi  in 
— ,  to  be  hanged. 

Picc-are,  -arsi ;  i.  to  be  obstinate. 
2.  -arsi  di,  to  pretend  to  some  know- 
ledge of.  3.  -arsi  con  uno,  to  quarrel 
with  him  ;  -ato,  piqued. 


Piccar^ssa  /  ;  (mar.)  —  dell'  ancora,  shank- 

er  for  th 
painter  chain. 


, 
painter,  stopper  for  the  anchor.     —  di  catena,  shank- 


. 

Piccaro  m.  (Span,  picaro)  ;=Pitocco,  beggar. 
Piccas6rci    m.;   (bot.)  =  Pungitopo,   butcher's 
broom. 

Piccata  f.  ',  blow  with  a  pike. 
*  Piccatiglio    m.  (Span,  picadillo,  <  picar,   to 
mince)  ;   dainty  morsel. 

Picche  /  indecl.  ;  at  cards,  spade  ; 
see  the  note  under  Carta. 

Picchfc  m.  ;  pique,  a  heavy  cotton 
fabric  with  the  surface  corded  or  with 
a  raised  lozenge  pattern,  or  a  similar 


PICCHEGGIARE— PIEDATTERRA 


441 


pattern  produced  by  quilting  with  the 
needle. 

Piccheggiare  ind.  picchdggio ;  to 
tease. 

Picchett-are  ind.  picchdtto  ;  i.  to 
embroider  a  hem.  2.  =  Picchiettare  (2). 
3.  to  stake  out  (a  road,  etc.).  4.  (ittus.) 
to  play  on  a  violin  several  notes  stac- 
cato with  one  movement  of  the  bow. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atora,  -atura. 

Picche'tto  ;«.  (dim.  Picca) ;  i.  stake. 

2.  (mil.}  picket  ;  orig.  troop  of  pikemen. 

3.  piquet,   the   card-game,    stated    by 
Littre   to   take   its  name   from   its   in- 
ventor. 

Picchiab6vi  m. ;  (ornith.)  beef-eater  (bird), 
Bnphaga. 

Picchiace'nci  m. ;  spreg.  tailor. 

Picchi-amento  m.',  v.  -are. 
*Picchiante  m.;  i.  a  sort  of  stew.     ii.  =  Cora- 
tella. 

Picchiapadelle  ;«.;  =  Calderaio,  coppersmith. 

Picchiapetto  m.  ;  =  Bacchettone, 
hypocrite.  *  =  Ciondolo,  ornament. 

Picchi-are  (<  Celtic  stem  pic-,  v. 
supra,  Picca,  cp.  E.  peck)  ;  to  knock. 
Dagli  -a  e  mena,  a  phrase  used  as  adv., 
meaning,  by  constant  insistence.  So 
also,  with  the  same  meaning,  Batti  -a  e 
martella,  A  forza  di  — ,  -a  e  ripicchia, 
-a  e  tempesta,  E  -a  e  dai !  Similarly,  E 
-a  !  oh  !  go  on  !  to  one  who  is  boring 
us  by  repeating  the  same  argument  con- 
tinually, -a  che  ti  -o  !  give  it  him  well ! 
-arsi,  to  fight. 

*i.  —  le  panche  dietro  a  unp,  to  make  sounds  of 
disapproval,  ii.  —  1'  uscio  co'  piedi,  to  bring  presents 
(knocking  with  the  feet  because  the  hands  are  full). 

Picchiarino  m. ;  =  Picchio  minore,  lesser  spotted 
woodpecker. 

Picchiata/.;  i.  knocking.  2.  blow. 
*  request. 

Picchi-atella/ ;  dim.  -ata.  Qualche 
—  ogni  tanto  e  per  i  ragazzi  la  mano  di 
Dio,  a  little  occasional  correction  does 
boys  a  world  of  good. 

*Picchiato;  i.  =  Pi<:chiettato.     ii.  pock-marked. 

*  Picchiatura  / ;  =  Picchiettatura. 
Picchiavena  /';.;  in  metallurgy,  workman  who 

breaks  the  ore  into  convenient  sizes. 

Picchiere  m.  (It.  picca)  ;  pikeman. 

*  Picchierella  f.;    Dare  — ,  to  chastise.     Aver 
la  — ,  to  be  very  hungry. 

Picchierell-o  m. ;  double-pointed  sculptor's 
hammer,  used  in  working  porphyry.  Ajf.  -are  rb. 

Picchiett-are  ind.  picchie'tto  ;  i.  to 
knock  gently.  2.  to  speckle,  to  dapple 
a  surface  with  various  colours  or  marks. 
•r  =  Steccare  (4).  Aff.  -atura. 

Picchiett-ino  /«.;  dim.  -o(i). 
Picchietto  m. ;    i.  dim.    Picchio.     2.  (prnith.') 
=  Kampichino,  tree-creeper. 

Picchin-ino,  -o  ;  =  Piccin-ino,  -o. 

Picchio  m. ;  persistent  knocking. 

Picchio  m.  (A)  (v.  Picchiare)  ; 
i.  knock;  Tutto  in  un  — ,  or  Di  — , 
all  of  a  sudden.  2.  i.q.  Picchiotto, 
knocker. 

(B)  (L.  picus}  ;  (ornith.}  \.  wood- 
pecker ;  Stiacciare  come  un  — ,  to  be 
very  angry,  lit.  to  make  the  noise  of  a 
woodpecker.  2.  nut-hatch.  3.  —  farfal- 
lino,  =  Rampichino,  tree-creeper. 

Species  of -woodpecker:  (a)  —  verde,  also  lermed 
—  gaflinaccio,  —  pollastro,  green  woodpecker,  Picus 

H. 


viridis.  (h)  —  cenerino,  also  termed  —  cenericcio, 
—  verde  di  Norvegia,  green  Norwegian  woodpecker, 
Picus  canus.  (c)  —  nero,  also  termed  —  corvo, 
black  woodpecker,  Picus  martins,  (d)  —  rosso 
maggiore,  also  termed  —  cardmale  maggiore,  — 
sarto  maggiore,  —  vario  maggiore  or  culo  rosso, 
great  spotted  woodpecker,  Picus  major,  (e)  —  rosso 
mezzano,  also  termed  —  vario  mezzanp,  —  sarto 
mezzano,  —  cardinale  (not  a  British  bird),  Picus 
inedius.  (f)  —  a  dorso  bianco,  also  termed  —  dal- 
matico,  Lilford's  woodpecker,  Picus  Lilfordi.  (g)  — 
piccolo,  also  termed  —  minore,  —  sarto  minore, 
Picchiarino,  lesser  spotted  woodpecker,  Picus  minor. 
(h)  —  a  tre  dita,  three-toed  woodpecker,  Picoides 
tridactylus. 

Species  of  nut-hatck:  (a)  —  muratorCj  also 
termed  Peciotto,  Picchiotto,  —  piccolo  grigio,  — 
formicaio,  Sitta  Europaea.  (*)  —  muraiolo,  also 
termed  —  di  muro,  —  ragno,  Cerzia  muraiola, 
Tichodroma  muraria ;  this  is  not  a  British  bird. 

Picchidla/?;  mildew  on  pot-herbs. 
*  Picchi-olare,  -olettare  ;=  Picchiettare. 

PiccMone   in. ;    brawler.     *a   coin, 

Picchiott-are  ind.  picchiotto ;  to 
knock  gently.  Aff.  -10,  knocking. 

Picchibtto  m. ;  i.  knocker.  2.  a 
kind  of  mallet  for  husking  chestnuts. 
3.  (ornith.}  nut-hatch,  Sitta  Europaea, 
v.  Picchio  (B). 

Picchiottol-are  ind.  picchi&ttolo  ; 
to  knock.  Aff.  -10  freq.  sb. 

Picchi-bttolo  m. ;  i.q.  -otto,  door- 
knocker. 

tPicchi6ttor-o,  -ettato;  =  Picchi-otto,  -ettato. 

Piccia  /  (cogn.  to  Pece) ;  row  (of 
loaves,  attached  by  their  kissing-crust), 
string  (of  figs,  pears,  etc.).  t=-Pigi- 
one  (i). 

Pice  aferro  m.  ;  =  Grottaipne,  bee-eater. 

*  Pice  chino  ;  A — ,  =  Appiccichino. 
fPicc  cone  w.:  =  Impiccione,  bore. 

*  Pice  core  in. :  =  Pizzicore,  itching. 
Pice  naccio  ;  dim.  spreg.  Piccino. 

*  Piccina-co,  -colo  m.  ;  =  Nano,  dwarf. 

Piccln-o  ;  vezz.  for  Piccolo.  (Vino) 
— ,  light.  Farsi  piccin  piccino,  to  curl 
up,  make  oneself  small.  Aff.  -erfa 
pettiness,  -dtto  dim.,  -dzza,  -fno  dim. 
vezz. 

Picciolato  ;  (tot.)  with  a  stalk. 
Piccioletto  ;  dim.  vezz.  Picciolo. 
tPicci-olluto,  -oluto  ;  with  large  stalk. 

Picciblo  in.  (bit.  petiolus,  dim.  of  L. 
pes,  pedis}  ;  stalk  of  a  flower,  stem  of 
a  button,  etc. 

Picciolo  m.  (variant  of  Piccolo) ;  a 
coin,  =  an  eighth  of  a  farthing.  As  adj., 
i.q.  Piccolo. 

Piccidna/. ;  hen-pigeon.  \vezz.  for 
"  wife." 

Piccionaia  /;  i.  pigeon-house. 
2.  (theat}  gallery. 

Picci6n-e  m.  (L.  pipio,  young  bird) ; 
i.  (ornith.)  pigeon.  2.  —  daghianda,  = 
Colombaccio,  wild  pigeon.  3.  —  marino, 
terraiolo,  torraiolo,  or  terragnolo,  =  — 
selvatico,  rock-dove,  Columba  livia, 
also  termed  Columba  sassarola,  Co- 
lombo torraiolo.  4.  joint  of  beef  taken 
at  the  hind  knee.  *fig.  young  innocent. 
Aff.  -cello,  -cfno  dims. 

Piccibtto  m. ;  i.  Sicilian  recruit  who 
joined  Garibaldi  in  1860.  2.  member 
of  the  Mafia. 

Piccirillo ;  dim.  vezz.  scherz.  for 
Piccino. 


Picciu61o  ;  v.  Picci&Io.     *mfl.,  legs. 

Picco  m.  (variant  of  Picca,  cp.  E. 
peak,  as  variant  of  pike)  ;  i.  peak. 
2.  (mar.}  gaff,  the  spar  to  which  the 
head  of  a  fore  and  aft  sail  is  bent. 
For  various  kinds  of  gaff,  v.  Paasch, 
Diz.  Mar.  3.  A  — ,  vertically;  Nave 
a  —  suH'  ancora,  when  the  cable  is  ver- 
tically over  the  anchor  ;  A  lungo  — , 
when  the  cable  is  not  quite  vertical. 
4.  Andare,  Mandare  a  — ,  to  go,  or 
send,  to  the  bottom. 

*  i.  quip,  gibe.    ii.  sting  of  strong  wine.    iii.  pique, 
wounded  vanity,     iv.    Picchi  e  ripicchi,  taunts  and 
counter  taunts,    v.  =  Piccone,  pickaxe,     vi.  as  part, 
syncop.  for  Piccato. 

*  Piccolit  m. ;  raisin-wine. 

Plccol-o  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps  from 
a  Celtic  base  pice-  or  pett-,  v.  Pizzo  ;  if 
so,  akin  to  Fr.  petit,  E.  petty) ;  small. 
As  sb.,  smallness.  Quella  porta  dh.  piu 
nel  —  che  nel  grande,  that  door  is  what 
I  should  call  small  rather  than  large. 
Aff.  -dtto  dim.,  -c^za,  -fno  dim.  vezz., 
-otto  dim. 

Picconaio  m. ;  (hist.)  assistant  constable,  armed 
with  a  sort  of  pike. 

*  Picconare ;  i.   to  strike  with  a  pike,   Picca. 
ii.    to  break  with  a  pickaxe,  Piccone. 

Picconatay^;  blow  with  a  pickaxe. 

Piccdne  m. ;  i.  pickaxe,  v.  *Picco 
(v).  2.  stone-mason's  hammer. 

Picconero  m. ;  woodpecker,  v.  Pic- 
chio (B,  c}. 

Picconiere  m.  (It.  piccone,  cp.  Fr. 
pionnier}  ;  sapper,  miner. 

Picc6s-0  (It.  picco  iii,  cp.  Fr.  pique, 
esp.  as  used  in  E.) ;  readily  offended, 
touchy.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine,  -dtto 
-mo  dims.,  -ita. 

Piccbzz-a  /  (It.  picco) ;  hatchet. 
Aff.  -fno  dim. 

Plcea  /  (L.  piceus,  pitchy)  ;  (hot.} 
cluster  pine,  pinaster,  Pinus  pinaster. 

Plceo  (L.) ;  pitch  black. 

tPicini ;  In  — ,  =  In  bricioli,  in  scraps. 

Picolina  f.;  (ckem.)  an  extract  isomeric  with 
aniline. 

Pic6zzi  m.  pl.\  (vet.)  the  two  central  incisors 
of  each  jaw  in  a  horse,  appearing  at  the  age  of  thirty 
months. 

Picrico  ;  (chem.)  picric  (acid). 

PicrinayC;  (chem.)  extract  of  digitalis. 

Picrotossina/;  (chem.)  -3.  principle  obtained 
from  the  Levantine  cochineal  insect. 

Picunno  m.;  (ornith)  South  American  wood- 
pecker, Picumnus. 

Picupidlo  m.  ;=Piombinp,  kingfisher. 
tPidicetlo  w.;=Pipita,  trifling  injury. 
tPidinzudlo  w.;  =  Bpcciodi  rosa,  rosebud. 

Pidocchieriayl;  stinginess. 

Pidocchino  m.  ;  dim.  Pidocchio. 
As  adj.,  of  handwriting,  small  and 
difficult  to  read. 

Pidbcchi-o  (Pedocchio)  m.  (L.  pedu- 
cttlus,  a  variant  of pediculus} ;  I.  louse; 
—  riunto,  rivestito,  rifatto,  or  rilevato, 
ignorant  boor,  enriched  and  proud. 
2.  —  marino,  mussel,  Mytilus  edulis. 
Aff.  -6so. 

*  Pidria_/;=Pevera,  funnel. 
Pi4 ;  v.  Piede. 

Pieccidcci  m.  pi.;  flat  feet,  v.  Ci- 
occio. 

Piedaccio  «. ;  pegg.  Piede. 
•Pied-ale,  -ata  ;  v.  Ped-ale,  -ata. 
Piedatterra/;  the  Fr.  pied-a-terre. 


442 


PIEDDIRITTO— PIFFERO 


Pieddiritto,  Pieddritto  m.  \  i .  post 
or  column  without  any  distinct  base. 
2.  —  di  un  bacino,  apron  of  a  dock. 

Pied-e  m.  (L.  pes,  pedis,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Foot) ;  foot,  or  sometimes  of  animals, 
leg. 

Phrases :  i.  Pied'  arme  !  ground 
arms  !  2.  Esser  nei  -i  d'  uno,  to  be 
in  his  position  ;  Entrar  ne'  -i  di  uno, 
to  take  his  place  (if  he  should  be 
absent).  3.  Andar  co'  suoi  -i,  to  go 
regularly.  4.  —  d'  apostolo^  large  foot. 
5.  --  d'  asinO)  ark-shell,  Area  glyci- 
meris.  6.  Esser  da  -i,  to  be  last.  7.  Da 
-i,  Dappiede  or  Dappiedi,  at  the  end,  as 
opposed  to  Da  capo,  at  the  beginning. 

8.  Dar  de'  -i,  or  del  — ,  to  stumble. 

9.  (arch.}  Pie  dritto^  abutment  of  an 
arch  or  vaulting,  7/.  Pieddiritto.     10.  Su 
due  -i,  instantly,  without  previous  notice. 

11.  —  innanzi  —  ^  walking  slowly,  drag- 
ging  one   foot   in   front   of  the   other. 

12.  Con  le  mani  e  coi  -i,  with  all  one's 
might.     13.  Pigliar  — ,  to  grow  strong. 
14.  —  di  porco,  (a)  iron-pointed  stake, 
(ft)  crowbar.     15.    Esser   in   qu#  -i,  to 
be  pregnant.     16.  Rimanere  a  -i,  to  be 
left  behind,  to  miss  one's  purpose.    1 7.  A 
ogni  pi£  sospinto^  at  every  moment. 

18.  (hot.)  (a)  —  dj  anitra,  Chenopodium  url>ii:nui, 
also   termed    Pie   d'   Oca,    Erba   Saetta.     (b)    —   di 
augellino    minimo,    least    bird's    foot,    Orttithofws 
Perpusillus.    (<:)  Pie  cercino,  a  species  of  joint-vetch, 
Artkrolobiutn    scorpioides,    also    termed    Piede    di 
corvo,    Erba   d'    amore.      (d)  —    colombino    or   di 
Colombo,   dove's-foot   geranium,   Geranium   colum- 
binum,    also    termed    Geranio    colombino.      (e)  — 
di  cornacchia,  white  bachelor's  buttons,  RatHtncn- 
lus  aconitlfolitis,  also   termed    Bottom   di  argento. 
(_/)   Pie  corvino,  kingcup,  Ranuttculus  acris,  also 
termed  Bottom  d'  oro,  Batrachio.     (?)  —  di  corvo, 
v.   supra   (c).     (K)  —    d'    elefante,    (a)   rough    ele- 
hant's foot,  Elephantopus  scaber,  ($)  Hottentot's 
read,  Testudinaria  elephantipes.    (/)  —  di  gallina, 

common  fumitory,  Fumaria  offidnalist  also  termed 
Fumaria  medicinale.  (j)  Pie  di  gallo,  (a)  winter 
aconite,  Eranthis  hiemalis,  O)  soft  crane's-bill, 
Geranium  molle,  also  termed  Geranio  volgare. 
(X:)  —  di  gatto,  mountain  cudweed,  Gnaphalium 
dioicwn,  also  termed  Bambagtna  salvatica.  (/)  — 
di  griffo,  stinking  hellebore,  v.  Erba  (87).  (m)  —  di 
leone,  lady's-mantle,  v.  Erba  (147).  («)  —  di  leone 
alpino,  alpine  lion's-foot,  better  known  by  the  German 
name  of  Edelweiss,  Leontopodium  alpinum.  (e)  — 
d'  oca,  (a)  v.  supra  (a),  O)  silver-weed,  Poteutilla 
anserina,  also  termed  Argentina.  (/)  —  di  polio, 
woolly  man's  beard-grass,  Andropogon  tsckaemum, 
also  termed  Sanguinello.  (?)  Pie  d'  uccellino, 
groundsel,  ?'.  Erba  (19). 

19.  (war.)  («)  heel,  e .g.  of  a  mast.     (6)  —  della 
grua  dell'  ancora,  cat's-tail.     (c)   —  di   polio,   knot 
involving  the  strands  of  a  rope  ;  for  the  various  kinds, 
single  or  double  wall  knot,  Matthew  Walker  knot, 
etc.,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  108.     (d)  —  della 
mura,  tack ;  —  d'  una  randa,  tack  of  a  trysail ;  — 
d'  una  bassa  vela,  clew  of  a  course. 

*Piedica_/!;  i.  =Laccio,  snare,     ii.  =Pietica. 
tPiedicare  ;  to  crush  with  the  feet. 

Piediluvi  «.;  pop.  for  Pediluvi,  foot-bath. 
*Piedinare;  v.  Pedinnre. 

Piedino  m,;  i.  dim.  Piede,  foot.  2.  (watchm.) 
clip  for  fixing  the  point  of  a  tool. 

Piedistallo  m.  (L.  pes,  +  O.H.G. 
stal,  stall,  'v.  Skeat,  sub  Pedestal) ; 
pedestal. 

Pied-6ne  augm.,  -ucciorf/w.,  of-e. 

Piedritto  >/i.\  ?-.  Pieddiritto. 

Pieg-a   /    (v.    Piegare);     i.    fold. 

2.  wrinkle,  mark  of  having  been  folded. 

3.  bend,  in  a  street,  etc.     4.  fig.  turn  ; 
Vedremo  che  —  pigliano  le  cose,  we 
shall  see  what  turn  things  are  taking. 
Aff.  -abile  adj.,  -accia  pegg. 

Fiegaia  / ;  slope  of  earth  cut  by  a 
spade  or  plough. 


i'1 
t» 


Pieg-are  ind.  picgo ;  to  fold,  to 
bend  ;  intr.  to  give  way.  -  una  vela 
sopra  il  pennone,  to  furl  a  sail  upon 
the  yard,  (herald?)  -ato,  folded  (wings), 
not  outspread  for  flight.  Aff.  -amento. 

Etym.  L.  plicare,  to  fold,  plica,  fold,  akin  to 
Gr.  «A«Kto>,  O.H.G.  jlehtan,  to  weave  (>Gerni. 
Jlechteft),  root  plek,  to  weave.  Cogn.  with  Piegare 
is  Fr.  flier,  >  E.  ply.  V.  Skeat,  sub  Ply. 

Piegata  /  ;  a  single  folding. 

Piegatello  m. ;  staple  for  a  bolt, 
catch  of  the  fastening  of  a  sash  window 
or  the  like. 

Pieg-atina  dim.  vezz.  of  -ata,  -at6re,  -at6ra, 
-atura,  -aturina  dim.  vezz.,  v.  -are. 
tPiegge/;=Piaggia,  gentle  slope. 

*  Pieggieria_/;  security,  obligation. 

*  Pieggio    m.    (mlt.    plegium,    T.    Skeat,    su6 
Pledge) ;    pledge,    guarantee,    or    the    person    who 
gives  it. 

Piegheggiare  ind.  pieghe"ggio ;  in  art,  to 
express  folds  of  drapery. 

Pieghe"tt-a  / ;  dim.  Piega.  -are  ; 
to  make  pleats.  -at6ra  /. ;  woman 
who  makes  them,  -atura  / ;  pleat- 
making,  or  price  paid  therefor,  -ina 
/  ;  dim.  of  -a.  -inare  vb.  -o  m. ;  dim. 
of  Piego. 

Pieghe"vol-e ;  pliable.  Aff.  -dzza, 
-mente. 

Piego  m. ;  parcel,  esp.  of  papers. 

Piegolin-ay^;  dim.  Piega.     Aff.  -are  vb. 

Pieg-6nart«^*w.,  -faoadj.,  -uccia  <//>«.,  of  -a. 
tPj^gore^/  pi. ;=Pecorelle,  "white  horses." 

Pieguccio  HI.  ;  dim.  Piego. 
*Pielago  m.  ;  =  Trabaccolo,  brig. 

*  Piella,  Pierlay:;  =  Abete,  fir-tree. 
Piem6nte  in. ;  (geogr.)  Piedmont.     *any  dis- 
trict at  the  foot  of  a  mountain. 

Plena  / ;  flood. 
Piename'nte ;  fully. 

*  Pienare  ;  to  overflow,    tto  fill. 
Pienarellayl;  dim.  Plena,  slight  flood. 

*  Piene  /«.;  =  Piede,  foot. 

Pienezza  f. ;  fulness. 

Pien-o ;  i.  full.  2.  Carte  -e,  at 
Briscola,  bad  cards.  3.  Riga  -a,  line 
extending  to  the  full  width  of  a  page, 
as  opposed  to  Riga  rotta.  4.  (mar.) 
bluff  in  the  bows.  5.  as  sb.,  perfection. 

Ety»i.  \..  plenus,  <plfo,  to  fill,  root  pie.  -nus 
was  originally  a  participial  form,  as  in  vantts  for 
**  vticnus,  emptied,  from  the  root  of  vacitus,  dignus, 
spoken  of,iw[**dicnushomdit:tre.  Cogn.  to  Pieno, 
plenus,  are  Gr.  irinn\r)fj.i,  7roAu«,  Germ,  volt,  E.  full, 
etc.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Full. 

Pien6tto ;  rather  full. 

*  Pientissimo  ;  most  merciful. 
tPiepiano  »/.;=Pianterreno,  ground-floor. 

Pieridi  in.  pi. ;  i.  the  genus  of  cabbage-butter- 
flies. 2.  the  Muses. 

Piferio ;  Pierian,  from  the  name  of  the  Mace- 
donian mountain. 

*  Pierla  ;  v.  Piella. 

Pi£ro  ;  Peter.  Fichi  San  Fieri,  ripening  at  the 
end  of  June. 

Pier6tto  »i.  (Fr. pierrof);  clown,  buffoon. 

Pieta  /  (L.,  v.  Pio) ;  i.  pity  ;  Far 
— ,  to  be  pitiable,  either  lit.,  or  fig.  for 
very  badly  done.  2.  natural  affection. 
3.  piety.  4.  in  art,  the  dead  Christ. 

5.  (herald.)    Pellicano   colla    sua   — , 
pelican    with    her    brood    of    young. 

6.  Monte   di   — ,  pawnbroker's  office, 
v.  Monte  (13). 

*i.=  Opera  pja,  charitable  institution.  _ii.  =Af- 
fanno.  iii.  pitiable  appearance,  iv.  =  Pieta,  D. 
Inf.  fi.  2. 

*  Pieta  /.  (variant  of  Pieta)  ;  misery. 

Pietanz-a  /  (Fr.  pitance,  either  < 
mlt.  pictantia,  a  small  coin  oiPictaviitin, 


Poitiers,  or  <  mlt.  pittantia,  from  the 
same  stem  as  Fr.  petit,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pittance);  i.  portion  of  meat  served  as 
a  Companatico.  2.  fig.  =  Affare,  busi- 
ness. 3.  =  Pagnotta,  wages. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -etta  -ina  dims.,  -uccia  dijn. 
spreg. 

Pietate  / ;  poet,  for  Pieta. 

Pietica  /  (L.  pedica,  shackle) ; 
trestle,  frame  for  supporting  timber  to 
be  sawn. 

Piet-ismo  ///.;  rts  E.     Aff.  -ista. 

Piet6s-o  ;  i.  compassionate.  2. 
piteous.  3.  Gesu  — ,  pawnbroker's 
office.  Aff.  -amdnte. 

Pietr-a  (Petra)  /  (L.) ;  stone, 
arenaria,  sandstone.  —  calcarea,  lime- 
stone. —  da  taglio,  ashlar  freestone. 
—  d'  affilare,  oil-stone.  —  focaia,  flint. 
(mar.)  —  da  lavanda,  holystone, 
mola,  grindstone.  -  di  paragone, 
touch-stone.  —  infernale,  lunar  caustic. 
Metterci  su  una  — ,  to  bury  the  remem- 
brance of.  Su'  vostri  passati  trascorsi 
ci  metto  su  una  —  purche  vi  emendiate, 
I  am  willing  to  bury  the  remembrance 
of  your  past  misconduct  provided  you 
behave  yourself  for  the  future. 

Ajft.  -accia  pegg.,  -aia  quarry,  -aio  quarryman, 
-ame  rubble,  stones,  -ante  (med.)  person  with  a 
calculus,  -ata  blow  with  a  stone,  -etta  dint. 

Pietrapana;  a  lofty  peak  in  the  N.W.  corner 
of  Tuscany,  D.  Inf.  32.  29. 

*  Pietnera  f. ;    i.    mortar   for   throwing  stones, 
ii.    stune-quarry. 

Pietrific-are  ind.  pietrifico ;  to  petrify.  Aff. 
-azione. 

Pietrino;  stone  (adj.).     Olio — ,  petroleum. 
*Pietrisco  m. ;  stones  broken  small. 

Pietro  ;  i.  Peter  ;  Per  S.  — ,  about 
the  end  of  June  ;  Fare  come  S.  — ,  to 
deny  ;  Pigliar  —  per  la  barba,  to  deny 
with  effrontery  ;  La  mamma  di  S.  —  , 
an  expression  referring  to  a  legend  of 
her  avarice  and  selfishness  ;  S.  —  in 
vincoli,  a  church  near  the  Forum  at 
Rome.  2.  1'esce  S.  — ,  the  John  Dory, 
Zebus  faber,  locally  termed  Sampiero, 
Pei  San  Peire. 

Pietroburgo  m.\  (geogr.)  Petersburg. 

Pietrolina  (Petrolina)y; ;  dim.  Pietra,  precious 
stone. 

Pietr-6ne  augm.,  -osita,  -6so  adj.,  -uccia, 
-ucola  or  -uzza  dims,  spreg.',  v.  Pietra. 
tPi^tto;  A  — ,  without  selection. 

Pievan-ale  adj.,  -ello  or  -uccio  dim.  spreg.; 
v.  -o. 

Pievania/. ;  rectory,  i.e.  either  the 
house,  the  incumbency,  or  the  district, 
of  a  Pievano. 

Pievano,  mpop.  Piovano  m.;  rector, 
v.  Pieve. 

Pieve  f.  (L.  plebs)  ;  I.  principal 
parish-church.  2.  group  of  church  dis- 
tricts under  one  Pievano. 

*  Piev-iale,  -iere  ;  v.  Piv-iale,  -Sere. 
Pif;  the  sound  of  a  blow. 
Pifania  f. ;  =  Epifania. 

•Pifar-ay:,  -o  OT.;  =  Piftero. 

Piffer-aro,  Pifer-aro  m.  •  piper.  Aff. 
-ata. 

Plffer-o,  or  pop.  Ptfer-o  m.  (M.H.G. 
pfiftr,  cp.  O.H.G. pfifari,  Germ.  Pfeifer, 
<  L.  pipa,<pipare,  which  is  imit.  from 
the  cry  of  a  young  bird) ;  pipe  or  piper. 
Far  come  i  -i  di  montagna,  v.  Montagna. 
Aff.  -one  augm. 


PIGAMO— PILLACCHERA 


443 


Pigamo    in.  (L.    peganum,  <  Gr. 
mrypufu,  from  the  plant's  thick  leaves)  ;  (bot.)=  Ruta 
de'  prati,  meadow-rue. 

tPigaray?;  i.  —  quattrocchi,  spotted  ray  (fish), 
v.  Razza  (i).  ii.  —  scapucina,  sharp-nosed  ray, 
v.  Razza  (4). 

Pigargo  m. ;  i.  (emith.)  sea-eagle,  Haliaetus 
nlbicilla.  2.  Falco  — ,  hen  harrier,  v.  Albanella. 

Pigaulo  w. ;  a  genus  of  echinoderms. 
t  Pigello  m.  ;=  Piggello,  heap. 
tPiggellow. ;  i.  fir-tree,     ii.  heap  of  money. 
Pighero  ;  pop.  for  Pigro,  slow. 

Pigi-are  (bit.  **pisiare,  <  L.  pisum, 
gerund  of  piso,  —pinso,  to  trample,  cp. 
pertusus  >  **pertusiare  >  pertugiare, 
captus  >  **captiare  >  cacciare)  ;  i.  to 
press,  squeeze ;  -  -  la  penna,  i.e.  to 
swell  the  account ;  Pigia  pigia,  (a)  as 
adv.,  by  taking  much  trouble,  (6~)  as  sb., 
dense  crowd.  2.  intr.  to  press  grapes, 
to  make  the  must.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ata, 
-atore,  -atura. 

Pigio  m. ;  throng.  Stare  al  — ,  not 
to  shrink  from  some  difficult  or  un- 
pleasant job.  Entrar  nel  — ,  to  enter 
into  the  fray. 

Pigio  m.  ;  i.  freq.  Pigiare.  2.  = 
Pigione.  3.  =  Pillo. 

Pigional-e  ;  i.  tenant  of  rooms  in 
a  house.  2.  peasant-farmer  without  a 
farm,  taking  any  work  he  can  get  of  a 
kind  analogous  to  that  of  a  farmer. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Pigion-ante  m.  or  /  ;  =  -ale  ( i ). 

Pigidne  (A)  m.  (It.  pigiare) ;  i.  a 
sort  of  crusher,  consisting  of  a  long 
stick  with  a  steel  crown  at  the  bottom 
end,  for  crushing  chestnuts.  2.  an 
analogous  wooden  instrument  used  in 
pressing  grapes,  v.  Pillo. 

Pigi6n-e  (B)  /  (bit.  pesio,  payment, 
for  pensio,  cp.  Magione,  <mansio;  for 
pensio  v.  Pensionare) ;  house-rent  or 
the  contract  under  which  a  house  or 
apartment  is  taken.  Scusa  — ,  a  small 
piece  of  ground  taken  by  a  discharged 
tenant-farmer  merely  to  keep  himself 
from  beggary.  Aff.  -uccia  spreg. 

iPigiottarc  ;  fnq.  of  Pigiare. 

Piglia  m. ;  one  who  is  always  taking, 
borrowing,  grabbing.  Fare  il  — ,  to  be 
a  bailiff,  agent  for  levying  distress  on 
defaulters'  goods.  Un  piglia  piglia,  a 
place  where  everything  is  done  by 
grabbing.  Prcrv.  Meglio  un  tieni  tieni 
che  cento  piglia  piglia,  it  is  better  to 
give  something  in  charity  than  to  have 
to  submit  to  a  compulsory  levy. 

Pigli-abile;  v.  -are. 

Pigliamosche  m. ;  r.  (ornith.)  spotted  fly- 
catcher, Muscicapa  grisota,  also  termed  Boccalepre, 
Grisola.  2.  —  collo  bianco,  =  Balia,  white-collared 
fly-catcher.  3.  —  vestito  a  nero,  =  Balia  nera,  pied 
fly-catcher.  4.  (bot.)  (/z)=Canapina,  Indian  hemp; 
(^)= Apocino. 

Pigli-are  (cogn.  Proveng.  pilhar,  < 
**pileare,  for  L.  pilare,  to  plunder)  ; 
i.  to  take,  see  note  below.  2.  -aria 
per  uno,  to  take  his  part.  3.  -arsela 
con  uno,  to  be  angry  with  him.  4.  - 
in  ottimo,  to  take  at  one's  own  risk. 
5.  —  parola,  to  get  intelligence.  6.  -a 
tu  che  -o  anch'  io,  to  which  may  be 
added,  -amo  tutti  nel  nome  di  Dio,  a 
mode  of  describing  the  conduct  of  dis- 
honest officials.  7.  --  pasqua,  to  go 


to  confession  at  that  season.  8.  — , 
elliptically,  as  in  the  following  :  Tu  lo 
sprezzi  tanto  ?  -eresti  !  you  look  down 
upon  him,  do  you  ?  why,  you  would 
give  anything  to  be  him,  or  to  be  in 
his  position.  9.  -erei  piuttosto  !  la 
morte  being  understood,  I  would  do 
anything  rather  than  (agree  to  this). 
io.  So,  as  an  imprecation,  Che  ti  pigli  ! 
blast  you!  ii.  -arsi,  (a)  of  a  couple, 
to  marry,  (6)  fig.  to  understand  each 
other ;  Tra  me  e  te  non  ci  si  -a,  you 
and  I  cannot  get  on  together.  12.  -ar- 
sela, to  get  excited  ;  Mi  fai  ridere,  o 
per  chi  te  la  pigli  ?  you  make  me  laugh, 
who  is  it  you  are  so  excited  about? 
13.  Chi  le  vuol  se  le  pigli,  Brighe  being 
understood,  if  a  man  wants  to  quarrel, 
let  him.  14.  -arsela  a  male,  to  take 
offence. 

t —  da  prua=  Arrabbiarsi.     * —  prova,  to  try. 

£5T  The  past  participle  Pigliato  is  not  used  in 
Tuscany  either  by  itself  or  in  the  compound  tenses, 
Preso  being  always  employed.  With  this  exception 
Pigliare  and  Prendere  are  practically  synonymous, 
the  only  difference  being  that  Pigliare  is  the  stronger, 
in  accord  with  its  derivation. 

Piglio  m. ;  i.  =  Presa,  catch  ;  Dar  di 
— ,  to  seize,  grab.  2.  look,  bearing  ; 
Un  —  scolaresco,  the  bearing  of  a 
scholar. 

•Dar  di  —  alia  battaglia,  to  begin  the  battle, 
t  =  La  canapa  inferiore. 

Pigmento in.  (L.,v.  infra,  sub  Pingere);  asE. 
Pigmeo  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  pigmy,  v.  Pimmeo. 

Pigna  f. ;  i.  solid  mass  of  stone 
forming  the  top  of  a  dome.  2.  cut- 
water, the  front  angle  of  the  triangular 
framework  forming  the  breakwater  of 
a  bridge  against  ice,  etc.  3.  (mar.}  = 
Legatura  al  gancio,  "mousing"  for  a 
hook.  4.  =  Turbante,  Turk's  head,  a 
sort  of  knob  made  round  a  rope.  5.  — 
bucherellata,  the  rose  or  sponge  of  the 
pipe  of  a  pump.  6.  —  per  commettere 
cavi,  "laying  top"  in  rope-making. 

*i.  =  Pina,  pine-cone.  ii.  ~  Pino,  pine-tree, 
iii.  salt  stalactite,  tiv.  large  bunch  of  grapes. 

Etym.  mlt.  pinna,  pinnacle,  <  L.  pinna,  wing, 
v.  Pignone,  except  in  senses  (i)  and  (ii)  which  are 
<  L.  pjnfus. 

Pignattay!  (L.  pineata,  where  olla,  pot,  is  to 
be  understood,  referring  to  the  shape  of  the  button 
at  the  centre  of  the  cover)  ;=Pentola,  pot,  esp.  in 
mil.  sense  of  stink-pot,  grenade  or  fire-pot,  as 
formerly  used  for  throwing  fire  into  the  enemy's 
works.  The  term  is  still  used  scherz.,  Muso  di  — , 
ugly  mug. 

*  Pignere  ;  i.  =  Pingere.     ii.  —Spingere. 

*  Pigneta  / ;  =  Pineta. 

Pignolayi;  gadwall  duck,  v.  Canapiglia. 

*  Pignolato  m. ;  linen  cloth  made  in  piqu£  work, 
z>.  Picche. 

Pign.61-0  m.  (bit.  **pineolus,  dim.  of 
L.  pineus) ;  i.  =  Pinolo,  pine-kernel. 

2.  a  variety  of  black  grape,  or  its  wine. 

3.  (bot.)  Erba  -a,  biting  stone-crop,  ^/. 
Erba  (21,  a). 

Pignon-cello,  -cino  ;  dims,  of  Pignone. 

Pigndne  m. ;  i.  gable.  2.  dyke,  pro- 
tection-wall of  a  river-bank.  3.  pinion, 
a  small  toothed  wheel  working  on  a 
larger  one.  *  =  Bica,  stack. 

Etym.  An  aitgm.  based  on  L.  penna,  cp.  E. 
pin  (in  Underpin),  and  pinnacle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pin. 

*  Pignora  ;  a\A  f.  pi.  of  Pegno,  pledge. 

Pignor-are  ind.  pfgnoro  ;  to  pawn, 
to  pledge.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atario  pawn- 
broker. 

Pignudlo  ;«.;  —  Pignolo. 


*  Pigo  m.  (etynt.  utikn.)',   "young  man,"  quasi 
lover,     ta  species  of  roach,  Leticisc-us  pigns. 

*  Pigola  f. ;  field  of  irregular  shape. 

Pigol-are  ind.  pigolo  (imit.,  cp.  Fr. 
piauler,  L.  pipilare)  ;  to  chirp,  fig.  to 
beg  for,  like  the  chirping  of  young  birds 
when  they  see  food.  Aff.  -amento,  -fo 
freq.  s6. 

*Pigollo  vr.;=Trottola,  or  Paleo,  top. 

Pigol6n-e  ;«.,  -a  / ;  inveterate 
beggar. 

tPigolotto  /«.;  =  Merciaiolo,  hawker. 
•Pigozzo  *«.;=Picchio,  woodpecker,     ti.  =Ca- 
vicchio.     ii.  =  Randello. 

Pigr-accio  ;  pegg.  of  -o.  -am6nte 
adv.  -&tto  ;  dim.,  but  antiphr.  in 
meaning,  dreadfully  lazy.  -4zza  / ; 
natural  laziness.  *-ire  ;  to  be  slothful, 
-izia  f. ;  the  vice  of  laziness,  sloth. 

Pigr-0  (L.  piger) ;  slow,  lazy.  Bilan- 
cia  -a,  weighing-machine  slow  in  its 
action. 

tPijare;  =  Pigliare. 
t  Piire  ;  =  Piare,  to  sing. 

Pila  /.  (A)  (L.  pila,  mortar,  for 
**pisula,  <pinsere,  to  pound,  v.  Pes- 
taie)  ;  i.  olive-press.  2.  clothes-press. 

3.  holy-water  basin,  or  baptismal  font. 

4.  any   large   stone   basin.     5.    sarco- 
phagus. 

(B)  (L.  pila,  pillar,  for  **piglia,  < 
the  root  of  pangere,  to  fasten,  cp.  Gr. 
jftiyvv/tt)  ;  i.  pier  of  a  bridge.  2.  gal- 
vanic pile. 

*i.  sepulchral  urn.  ii.  cover  upon  a  tomb, 
iii.  large  mortar,  iv.  instrument  for  striking  coins, 
v.  (w//.)  =  pilo,  javelin. 

Pilao  m.  (Turkish  word,  from  Per- 
sian) ;  pilau,  a  dish  of  boiled  rice  with 
meat  or  spices. 

Pilastr-o  m.  (L.  pila  with  pegg. 
suffix,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pillar) ;  square 
column.  Aff.  -ata  row  of  small  pillars, 
-ello  -etto  -ino  dims.,  -one  augm. 

Pilata  / ;  charge  of  olives,  the 
quantity  crushed  in  the  Pila  at  one 
time. 

Pilato  ;  Mandar  da  Erode  a  — ,  11.  Mandare  (8). 
Far  come  — ,  to  wash  one's  hands  of  a  business. 
*Andare  a  parlare  a  — ,  to  die. 

Pilatro  ;«.;  (hot.)  i.  pyrethrum  root  from  the 
Levant,  known  in  medicine  as  Pellitory  of  Spain ; 
another  Italian  term  for  it  is  Radice  di  S.  Apollonia; 
the  botanical  name  of  the  plant  is  Artacyclus  py- 
rethntnt.  2.  St  John's  wort,  Hypericiimperforatntn. 

Etym.  L.  pyrettiruin,  but  as  a  name  for  St 
John's  wort  possibly  <  Gr.  jrvAij,  gate,  from  the 
perforation  of  the  leaves. 

Pilciardo  ;«. ;  pilchard,  Clupea  pilchardits, 
also  termed  Sardina. 

Pileato  (L.  pilleaius);  (archae.)  wearing  the 
pileus,  a  sort  of  cap. 

*  Pileggio  nt. ;  -  Puleggio,  sea-voyage. 
'Pilella/;  din,.  Pila,  basin. 

Pileo  m.  (L.) ;  felt  cap. 

Pileolo  nt.\  (bot.)  pileolus,  the  top  part  of  a 
fungus. 

Pil^tta/;  dim.  Pila,  basin. 

Pilettina  / ;  dim.  Piletta  ;  esp.  as 
holy-water  basin. 

tPilic6ne  ;=  Pigro,  indolent. 
•Piliere  w.;  =  Pila. 

Piligno  w. ;  i.  lignite.     2.  coal. 
tPilla/;  =  Pila. 
tPillaccata/.;  trifle. 

Pillaccher-a  / ;  i.  splash  of  mud. 
2.  fig.  blemish.  3.  dirt  on  the  wool 

56-2 


444 


PILLACCOLA— PINZO 


near  a  sheep's  tail.     4-  miser.     5.  plant 
producing  burrs.     Aff.  -6so,  splashed. 

Etym.  According  to  Diez  and  Korting,  from 
L.  pila,  ball,  through  a  dim.  "  pilacula,  the  ter- 
mination being  altered  under  the  attraction  of  Zac- 
chera.  Salvini  refers  it  to  Gr.  irijXos,  mud,  through 
a  dim.  **m]AaKiof,  cp.  Gr.  irpoirrjXnjci'fa),  to  bespatter 
with  mud.  This  accounts  better  for  the  sense,  and 
a  certain  number  of  Greek  words  were  introduced 
into  Italy  under  the  Byzantine  empire. 
*Pillaccola/;=Pillacchera  (3). 

Pillare  ;  to  ram  down. 


y:;  string  of  canes  passing  from  post 
to  post  for  training  vines. 

*  Pillettina  /  ;  dim.  Pilla. 
•Pillicciaio  »;.;=Pcllicciaio,  furrier. 

Pilliccibne  m.  ;=Pelliccione. 

Pillo  m.  (L.  pilum,  pestle,  for  **pis- 
lum,  v.  Pila,  A)  ;  I.  rammer.  2.  instru- 
ment used  in  cleaning  out  a  cesspool. 

Pillol-a,  or  pop.  Pillora,/  (L.pilula, 
dim.  of  pila,  ball);  I.  pill,  Prov.  -e  di 
gallina  e  sciroppo  di  cantina,  i.e.  eggs 
and  wine  (are  the  best  diet).  2.  pebble. 
3.  =  Gallozza,  gall  on  a  leaf. 

Pillolare  ;  (pharm.)  Massa  —  ,  mass  ready  for 
making  pills. 

Pillol-6tta  or  -ina  /;  dim.  -a. 
tPillolo  ;«.;=Pillora,  pebble. 
Pilloldna/;  ettfi*.  Ffllola. 

•Pillone  m.  (augm.  Pillo)  ;  =  Mazzeranga,  ram- 
mer.    t=Minchione,  fool. 
Pillora  ;  v.  Pillola. 
Pillorata  f.  ;  blow  with  a  stone. 

*  Pillotta  /.  (Span.  peloia,<"  pilotta,  dim.  of 
L.  pila,   cp.    Fr.  pelote)  ;   i.    fives  ball.     ii.   a  small 
kind  of  Pallone  or  hollow   ball  blown  up  with  air. 
iii.  fives  ;  the  game  is  still  commonly  played  in  the 
Basque  provinces  of  France  and  Spain. 

Pillottare  ind.  pillotto  (It.  pillotta, 
in  the  sense  of  round  drop,  viz.  of  fat)  ; 
to  baste  (meat,  when  roasting). 

•Pillotto  w.;  =  Ghiotta,  dripping-pan. 

tPill-bzzolo,  -bzzoro  m.  ;  stone  basin 
for  pigeons  to  drink  from. 

Pilo  m.  (L.  pilum,  spear,  orig.  a 
baker's  pestle,  <  pinsere,  v.  Pila,  A)  ; 
javelin.  *=Pila  (A),  (4)  and  (5). 

Pil6ne  m.  (A)  (augm.,  <  L.  pila, 
pillar,  v.  Pila,  B)  ;  octagonal  pillar. 

(B)  (variant     of    Pillone)  ;     rammer. 

(C)  (augm.  Pila,  A)  ;   olive-press. 

*Pilorcio  m.  (perhaps  for  **  pihcchio,  dim. 
spreg.<.\*.  pilus,  hair);  i.  =Coiattoli,  scraps  of 
leather,  ii.  =  Spilorcio,  miser, 

Pil6ro  m.  (L.  pylorus)  ;  (artat.)  lower  orifice  of 
the  stomach. 

Pilosella/;  (tot.)  hawkweed,  v.  Pelosella. 

*  Piloso  ;  i.  =  Peloso,   hairy,     ii.   foul-mouthed. 
iii.  as  st>.t  satyr. 

*Pilosso  m.\  an  old  Florentine  coin. 

Pil6ta  m.  ;  pilot.  *  blockhead.  Pesce  —  ,  pilot 
fish,  Naucrates  ductor,  locally  termed  Fanfano, 
Fanfre,  Ombria,  Lombria. 


such  thinness,  D.  Purg.  24.  37.  2.  to 
eat  other  things  in  the  same  manner. 
3.  to  go  round  begging  a  bit  here  and 
a  bit  there,  or  earning  a  little  in  that 
sort  of  way.  4.  -arsi,  to  tear  out  one's 
hair,  lit.  mfig.  Aff.  -atore. 

Etym.  Probably  O.H.G.  pfliicchen,  cf.  Fr. 
tplucher,  E.  pluck,  with  an  epenthetic  *',  due  to  the 
attraction  of  L.  pllare,  to  deprive  of  hair,  also  to 
plunder. 

Pilucchino  m.\  cleaner  of  carding  combs. 

Piluccia/  ;  dim.  spreg.  Pila  (h),esp. 
in  sense  of  bedside  holy-water  vessel. 

Pilucc6ne  m.  ;  inveterate  beggar. 
*i.  blow.  ii.  scratch. 

*  Pimaccio  in.  ;  =  Piumaccio,  pillow. 

Pimento  m.  (L.  pigmenium,  pig- 
ment, but  with  the  further  meaning  of 
plant-juice  for  preparing  colours,  hence 
anything  pungent  or  sweet-smelling)  ; 
a  variety  of  red  pepper,  allspice. 

Pimrneo  ;  pigmy  ;  when  used  in  ///. 
sense  it  is  usu.  under  the  form  Pigmeo. 

Pfmperi  m.  (It.  pipi);  —  in  calzoni, 
or  in  calzoncini,  little  boy,  when  he 
begins  to  be  dressed  in  boy's  clothes. 

Pimpinella/  (etym.  rf«*.);  =  Salvastrella. 
Pimpirimpi  m.  ;  schnrz.  magic  powder. 
Pimpleo;  adj.  ham  Pimpla,  a  hill  of  the  Muses. 
Pin  ;  v.  Polio  (n). 

Pina  f.  ;  pine-cone.  *  =  Pinocchio, 
pine-kernel. 

Pinacchi6tt-o,  -olo  m.  ;  dim.  Pino, 
pine-tree. 

Pinaccia  /  ;  (A)  pegg.  Pina.  (B) 
(mar.)  (L.  pinus,  in  sense  of  ship)  ; 
pinnace. 

*  Pinace  m,  (Gr.);  tables  of  contents,  index. 


and  most  authorities  consider  Pilota  to  be  a  cor- 
ruption  of  this,  and  look  upon  the  French  and  other 
forms  as  borrowed  therefrom.  The  Dutch  word  has 
been  regarded  as  compounded  from  peilen,  to 
measure,  and  load,  lead,  a  derivation  which  Diez 
viewed  with  reserve,  and  it  may  now  be  considered 
as  given  up. 

Pilotaggio  m. ;  the  business  of  a  pilot. 

Piloto  in. ;  i.q.  Pilota.     t  wiseacre. 
tPU6tta^;  piece  of  velvet  for  brushing  a  silk 
hat. 

Pilucc-are  ;  i.  to  pick  grapes  from 
a  bunch  ;  Ei  mormorava,  e  non  so  che 
Gentucca  Sentiva  io  Ik  V  ei  sentia  la 
piaga  Delia  giustizia  che  si  gli  pilucca, 
he  murmured  something  about  Gentucca 
[who  was  a  lady  of  Lucca]  as  he  felt  the 
torment  of  the  punishment  which  re- 
duces (the  souls  of  the  gluttonous)  to 


/      (Gr.      vi 
picture-gallery. 

Pinaidlo  m.  ;  seller  of  pine-cones. 

Pinare*llo  m.  ;  a  species  of  fungus. 
Pinarblo   m.  ;   pop.    for   Pinocchio, 
pine-kernel. 

Pinastro  m.;  (6ot.)  Finns  pinaster. 
Pinato  ;  plump,  fat. 

*  Pinca  f.    (var.   of   Pinco)  ;    i.    a   variety    of 
cucumber,     ii.  =  Minchiona,  silly  woman. 

tPincaccio  in.  ;  =  Pinconaccio. 

Pince  m.  ;  rough-haired  terrier. 

*  Pincerna_/;;  =  Coppiere,  cup-bearer. 
fPincettino  m.  ;  dim.  Pincio. 

Pinchell6ne  ;  =  Scimunito,  donkey,  idiot. 
Pinchi6ne  m.  ;  =  Minchione,  dolt. 

*  Pincianella  f.   (It.    pincione)  ;   i.   decoy-bird. 
ii.  petty  fraud  by  a  fly-driver  practised  on  the  owner. 

Pincio  in.;  (A)  euph.  for  Pinco  (i). 

(E)(late  L.  pineum,  <  firms)  ;  i.  =Pina,  fir-cone. 
2.  —  marino,  a  species  of  zoophyte. 
\i.  =  Beccuccio.     ii.  tube  of  a  funnel. 

Pincione  tn.  ;=Spincione,  chaffinch. 

Pinco  m.;  (A)  i.  =Mentula.  2.  dolt;  Lui  — 
e  la  luna  e  tutt'  Una,  he  is  a  regular  dolt.  3.  —  1 
an  angry  way  of  answering  a  tiresome  question  : 
Addio  —  !  it  is  all  over;  O  —  o  Paolo,  i.e.  I  don't 
care  who  it  is. 

Etym.  Probably  akin  to  Span,  pinc/w,  prickle, 
from  a  stem  pine,  a  nasalised  form  of  pic,  sharp- 
pointed,  v.  infra  Pizzo,  and  Skeat,  sub  Pinch,  Pick, 
Pike. 

(B)  (Dutch  pink,  v.   Skeat,  sub    Pink,  no.   4)  ; 
(mar.)  a  three-masted  lateen  vessel. 
*Pincombero  w.;  =  Pincone. 

Pinc6n-e  m.,  -a  f.\  augm.  Pinco  (2).     Aft. 
-aggine  act  of  a  fool,  -cione  or  -accio/v^.,  -are  vb. 
tPincon-iay!  from  -e,  like  Signor-ia  from  -e. 

Pindaresco  ;  in  bad  imitation  of  Pindar. 

Pindaric-o  ;  as  E.    Aft.  -atnente. 
tPindeare  ;  =  Dar  la  haia,  to  mock. 

Pineale  ;  (anat.)  as  E. 


tPinfello  w.;  =  Pinolo,  pine-kerne 
Pinese ;  v.  Penese. 

Pineta  (Pigneta)  /  (Pineto  m.) ; 
pine-forest. 

Pingere  (Pignere)  perf.  pinsi,  part. 
pinto;  i.  =  Spingere,  to  push.  2.  =  Di- 
pingere,  to  paint. 

Etym.  In  sense  (i),  v.  Spingere.  In  sense  (2), 
<  L.  pingerti,  to  embroider,  also  to  paint,  root  peig, 
cp.  Sanskr  pinyi,  to  dye,  Gr.  irouci'Aps,  many- 
coloured.  Walde  considers  that  embroidery  was 
the  more  original  meaning,  the  primary  sense 
having  been  that  of  pricking,  and  that  the  other 
arose  from  the  application  of  pricks  to  produce 
tattooing.  V.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Paint. 
*  Pingit6re  m. ;  painter. 

Pingu-e  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  naxvs) ;  fat. 
Aff.  -edine,  -eme'nte. 

Pinguino  in.  (English,  origin  unkn.);  penguin. 
Pinifero;  pine-bearing. 

Pinna  /  (L.) ;  i.  fin.  2.  the  side- 
pieces  of  the  nose.  3.  sea-wing,  a 
genus  of  shellfishes,  Pinna  ;  —  marina, 
ham-shell,  locally  termed  Astura,  Pinna- 
lana,  Perna  ;  —  nobile,  gentle  sea-wing, 
locally  termed  Palostrega  de  porto. 

Pinnacol-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pinnacle) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -etto  dim. 

Pinnato  ;  (!>ot.)  pinnate,  with  leaflets  arranged 
on  each  side  of  a  common  petiole. 

Pinnipedi  m.  pl.\  i.  the  seal  family.  2.  a 
group  of  crustaceans. 

Pino  m.  (A)  (L.) ;  i.  pine-tree  or 
its  wood.  2.  (poet.')  ship.  (B) ;  short 
for  Jacopino.  Far  come  prete  — ,  v. 
Nottolino(2).  Pinco'polli.z'.  Polio  (n). 
(C) ;  euph.  for  Pinco.  *(D) ;  as  adj., 
—  Pieno. 

PinoccM-aio  m. ;  seller  of  pine-seeds, 
-ata  /,  or  -ato  m. ;  tartlet  containing 
them,  -etto  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Pinocchina  f.;  i.  small,  but  fat 
chicken.  2.  fig.  plump  young  woman. 
3.  a  tool  used  by  gilders  for  burnish- 
ing. 4.  Erba  — ,  white  stone-crop,  v. 
Erba  (57). 

Pinocchino  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Pinocchio. 

Pin6cchio,  Pindlo,  Pinarfclo  (Pinoc- 
colo)  ;//.  (bit.  **pinuculus,  <  L.  pinus] ; 
i.  pine-seed  or  its  kernel.  2.  Andar 
da  Pinocchio,  to  die. 

Pinsacchio,  Pinzacchio  m. ;  jack-snipe,  v. 
Beccaccino  (2). 

Pinsutay^;  a  fish  somewhat  like  Dentice. 

Pinta/  (A)  (L.,  z/.  Skeat,  sub  Pint);  an  old 
measure,  equal  to  about  an  English  quart.  *(B);  = 
Spinta,  push. 

Pintacolo  ;  v.  Pentacolo. 
t  Pintare  ;  =  Spingere,  to  push. 

*  Pint-ecchiato,  -icchiato  ;  dappled. 

Pinto  \part.  Pingere.  Pieno  — ,  =  Pieno  pinzo, 
chock-full. 

*Pintolo  ;«.;  =  ChiavisteIlo,  bolt. 

•fPinton  m. ;  —  rouson,  a  dog-fish,  v.  Scillio  (i). 

*  Pintore  m.  \  painter. 

Pinzayi;  i.  crowbar.  2.  =Riavolo  a  scalpello, 
fire-slice. 

Pinzacchio  ?«.;  i.  =Puntero!o,  weevil.  2.  v. 
Pinsacchio. 

Pinzanese  tn.;  (vet.)  cancerous  ulcer  in  horses. 

Pinz-are,  Appinzare  (nasalised  form 
of  Pizzare)  ;  to  sting.  Aff.  -ata  sb. 

Pinz^tt-a  /  (It.  pinzare) ;  I.  in  pi., 
tweezers.  2.  —  piana,  pliers.  3.  —  a 
punta,  crooked  crowbar.  4.  -e  da  scon- 
ficcare,  pincers.  5.  —  a  taglio,  nippers. 
6.  =  Pinzochera,  hypocritical  bigot. 

Pinzimdnio  nt.  (It.  pinzare,  with  suffix  -monio, 
indicating  relationship) ;  a  piquant  dressing  for  celery. 

Pinzo  nt.  (nasalised  form  of  Pizzo) ; 


PINZO— PIPERINO 


445 


1.  mark  of  a  sting.     2.  =  Pizzo,  goatee 
beard. 

*i.  sting,  i.e.  the  stinging  organ  in  an  insect. 
ii.  =Cocca.  iii.  point  of  a  three-cornered  hat, 
handkerchief,  etc.  iv.  tuft  of  growing  leaves. 

Pinzo  adj.  (L.  pinsus,  v.  Pestare) ; 
stuffed  full.  Pieno  — ,  fat,  solid  person. 

Pinzbcb.er-0  m.,  -a,/.  (It.  pizzochero, 
lengthened  form  of  Pizzoco,  i.e.  Bizzoco, 
which  is  a  lengthened  form  of  Bizzo,  a 
corruption  of  Bigio,  from  the  grey  dress 
of  the  Franciscans) ;  devotee,  one  who 
wears  the  habit  of  an  Order,  but  has 
not  taken  the  vows.  Aff.  -6ne,  -6na 
augms. 

Pinzuto  (variant  of  Pinzato) ;  sharp- 
pointed. 

Pi-0  (A)  (L.  pins,  prob.  akin  to 
purus,  cp.  piare,  to  expiate)  ;  I.  pious. 

2.  compassionate.    3.  charitable  ;  Opera 
-a,  charitable  institution  ;  Amministra- 
zione  -a,  charity  commission  ;    Occhio 
— ,  tender  look,  v.  Occhio  (n)-    4-  con- 
ventional translation  of  L.  pius,  good. 

(B)  As  sb.  (imit.) ;  the  cry  of  young 
birds  for  food.  Or  as  a  call  to  chickens 
to  come  and  be  fed.  A  chi  dice  prima 
pio,  who  will  be  first  to  say  Pio  !  when 
there  is  only  one  thing,  and  a  number 
of  children  who  want  it. 

*i.  —  or  Piolo,  =  Germoglio,  bud.  ii.  asrt</V.,= 
Piii,  more. 

*  Pioba  / ;  =  Pioggia,  rain. 

Pioggerell-a,  -Ina  ;  dims,  of  Pioggia, 
drizzle. 

Pioggett-a,  -ina;  i.q.  Pioggerell-a, 
-ina. 

Pibggi-a  /  (L.  pluvia,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pluvial) ;  rain.  Aff.  -oh'na  dim. 


t  Piolare  ;=  Pigolare,  to  chirp. 
*f  \o\\a. /.;  fir-tree. 


Pi61-o,  Piublo  m. ;  i.  short,  thick 
column  of  stone,  bronze  or  other  ma- 
terial, such  as  are  placed  round  a 
monument  or  a  church  or  at  the 
corner  of  a  street.  2.  =  Cavicchio,  peg. 

3.  dibber  for  planting  out   seedlings. 

4.  rung  of  a  ladder  ;  Scala  a  -i,  ladder. 

5.  Metier  il  — ,  of  a  plant,  to  shoot. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  bit.  epigrus,  peg,  a 
word  given  by  Isidore,  through  **  epigriolus,  ** pirio. 
lust  cp.  old  Span,  priego,  Portug.  prego.  But  none 
of  the  Ital.  dialectic  forms,  Neap,  pirolo,  Piedm. 
biron,  etc.,  have  the  f,  and  the  source  of  the  word 
may  very  possibly  be  Greek,  from  the  stem  jrep,  ireip, 
whence  TTCI'/XD,  to  pierce. 

Piombaggine  f.  (L.  plumbago) ;  i.  graphite, 
black-lead.  2.  (bot.)  Plumbago  buropaea,  v.  Erba 
(120). 

*  Piombaiuola./;  leaden  ball. 

Piomb-are  (It.  piombo);  i.  to  fall. 
2.  =  Appiombare,  to  plumb,  test  with  a 
plumb-line.  3.  to  hang  vertically ;  Dello 
scoglio  in  quella  parte  Che  appunto 
sopra  mezzo  il  fosso  piomba,  D.  Inf. 
19.  9,  that  part  of  the  cliff  which  hangs 
right  over  the  middle  of  the  foss.  4.= 
Vibrare,  to  strike  (a  blow).  5.  to  weight 
with  lead.  6.  to  affix  a  leaden  seal. 

7.  =  Impiombare,  to  stop  a  tooth   with 
gold  or  other  stopping,  usu.  Otturare. 

8.  to  coat  with  lead.     9.  -ato  =  Sptom- 
bato,  heavy.     *-arsi,  to  become  heavy. 

*  Piombariay?;  mineral  containing  lead. 

*  Piombaruola/.;  melting-pot  for  lead. 


*Piombata  f.\  i.  leaden  ball.  ii.  weighted 
stick  or  lance. 

*Piombato  m. ;  weighted  stick. 

Piombat6i-a_/?,  -o  m. ;  {fortif.)  hole  through 
which  to  drop  stones,  etc.,  on  the  beads  of  an  attacking 
force. 

Piombatura  /;  i.  soldering.  2. 
coating  with  lead.  3.  alloy  of  lead 
and  tin  to  make  a  coating  for  sheet- 
iron. 

Piombifero  ;  lead-bearing. 

Piombinare ;  =  Spiombinare. 

Piombin-at6re  m.',  i.  v.  -are.  2.  plumber, 
but  only  in  the  sense  of  a  workman  who  uses  a  plum- 
met to  ascertain  where  a  drain  is  stopped,  etc. 

Piombinetto  »/.;  dim.  Piombino. 

Piombino  m. ;  i.  plummet.  2.  heavy 
piece  of  lead  for  clearing  an  obstruction 
in  an  upright  drain-pipe.  3.  rod  for 
measuring  the  depth  of  matter  in  a 
cesspool.  4.  pencil  for  sketching  in 
rough  outlines.  5.  in  pi.,  reels  of  wood 
for  holding  silks  and  cottons  in  lace- 
making.  6.  leads  of  a  casting-net. 

7.  leaden  seals  used  in  custom-houses. 

8.  kingfisher,  v.  Pescatore  (3).     9.   As 
adj.,  leaden. 

*i.  =Piombata.  ii.  =  Romano,  weight  of  a  steel- 
yard. 

Pi6mb-o  m.  (L. plumbum) ;  i.  lead  ; 
Andare  cpi  pie  di  — ,  to  proceed  warily. 
2.  i.q.  Piombino.  3.  shot  for  a  gun. 
4.  A  — ,  perpendicularly.  5.  Di  — , 
violently.  6.  I  -i  di  Venezia,  the  Vene- 
tian prisons. 

*  i.  perpendicular  line.    ii.  vertical  height,    iii.  A 
— ,  with  preciseness. 

Piombdne  ;  sluggish,  inert. 

Pi6niayl;  =  Peonia,  peony. 
Pioniero    »i.    (Fr.    pionnier,    v.    Skeat,    sub 
Pioneer);  i.  pioneer,  sapper.     2.  pioneer,  explorer, 
Pio-pio  m. ;  (0r«*M.)=Fratino,  Sandwich  tern. 
Pidppa  f.  ;  —  Pioppo. 

PioppaiayC ;  i.  poplar  grove.  2.  vine- 
yard where  the  vines  are  trained  on 
poplars. 

Pioppata  /;  poplar  with  two  or 
more  vines. 

Pioppato  m. ;  district  where  vines 
are  grown  on  poplars. 

Pioppato  m. ;  =  Pioppaia  (i). 

Piopp-6ttO  m. ;  dim.  Pioppo. 

Pioppino  m.;  I.  i.q.  Pioppetto. 
2.  fungus  growing  at  the  foot  of  a 
poplar. 

Pibppo  ;/;.  (L.  populus) ;  \.  poplar; 
Dormire  come  un  — ,  to  be  fast  asleep. 
2.  the  maple,  which  is  also  grown  for 
training  vines,  is  often  termed  Pioppo 
in  error.  3.  Prete  — ,  ignorant  priest. 

Varieties :  (a)  —  bianco,  white  poplar,  Populits 
alba,  also  termed  Albarello,  Gattice,  Gattero.  (6)  — 
balsamifero,  American  balsam  poplar,  Populus  bal- 
samifera.  (f)  —  cipressino  or  piramidale,  Populus 
Jastigiata.  (d)  —  nero,  black  poplar,  Populus  nigra, 
also  termed  Albaro,  Pioppo  da  pali.  (e)  —  tremolo, 
aspen,  Populus  tremula,  also  termed  Alberella, 
Tremula. 

*i.  group,  set.     ii.  &&adj. ,  stupid,  worthless. 

*  Piornoicontr.  of  **Piovorno,  <piovere);  rainy. 

Pibt-a/;  i.  sole  of  the  foot,  usu. 
spreg.,  of  a  large  clumsy-looking  foot. 
2.  sod  of  turf.  3.  lump  of  earth  taken 
with  the  roots  of  a  plant  in  transplant- 
ing it.  Aff.  -are  to  turf,  -atura,  -e^ta 
dim. 

Etym.  Prob.  old  L.  or  Umbrian  plotus,  flat- 
footed,  cp.  Gr.  wAarvs,  broad.  But  in  sense  of  foot 


Diez  is  inclined  to  refer  the  word  to  Proven;,  pauta, 
old  Fr.  poe,  with  intrusive  i  for  /;  cp.  Germ.  P/ote, 
E.  paw. 

tPiotinayl;  lazybones. 

Piova  /.;  poet,  for  Pioggia,  rain.  *=Porca, 
ridge. 

Piovanato  m.  ;=Pievania,  rectorship. 

Piovan-ello  M.;  \.dim.spreg.-v.  z.(prttith.')& 
genus  of  birds  of  which  there  are  six  species,  (a)  — , 
or  —  pancia  rossa,  sandpiper,  Tringa  subaequata, 
also  termed  Sagginale  grande,  Tringa  variabile ;  (b)  — 
maggiore,  knot,  Tringa  canuta,  also  termed  Sag- 
ginale ;  (f)  —  pancia  nera,  dunlin,  Tringa  Alpina, 
also  termed  Sagginale  piccolo ;  (d)  —  violetto,  purple 


Piovaoi-o  m. ;  I.  i.q.  Pievano,  rector. 
2.  scherz.  II  signor  — ,  i.e.  the  rain.  As 
adj.,  Acqua  -a,  rain-water. 

Piovanuccio  nt. ;  dim.  spreg.  Piovano(i). 
Piovasco  in. ;  shower  of  rain. 

Pibvere  perf.  piovvi  piove'sti,  part. 
piovuto  (L.pluere,v.  Skeat,  sub  Pluvial) ; 
to  rain. 

Phrases  :  i.  —  sul  bagnato,  to  rain 
upon  wet  ground,  viz.  when  one  mis- 
fortune succeeds  another.  2.  S'  in- 
tende  —  e  non  diluviare,  or  simply 
S'  intende  — ,  i.e.  don't  give  me  too 
much!  v.  Acqua  (47).  3.  --a  cati- 
nelle,  a  brocche,  a  secchi,  a  orci,  a  ciel 
rotto,  various  terms  for  heavy  rain  ;  — 
conventi,  scherz.  for  a  vento.  4.  Non 
ci  piove  mica  !  to  a  person  who  should 
have  taken  off  his  hat.  5.  Qui  non  ci 
piove,  i.e.  this  is  a  comfortable  place. 
6.  Sulla  pigione  non  ci  piove,  rent  is 
not  subject  to  bad  weather.  7.  Tetto 
che  non  piova,  watertight  roof.  8.  —  a 
quattro  acque,  of  a  roof,  to  throw  the 
rain  off  in  four  directions,  i.e.  pyramid- 
shaped.  9.  In  — ,  sloping  ;  Monte  che 
piove,  mountain  which  slopes  (in  such 
and  such  a  direction).  10.  Come  acqua 
piove,  according  to  the  lie  of  the 
ground,  n.  Capelli  pioventi,  flowing 
hair.  12.  Chi  sta  sotto  la  frasca  ha 
quella  che  piove  e  quella  che  casca, 
i.e.  a  feeble  ally  is  worse  than  none  at  all. 

t  Piovesina  /. ;  =  Pioggetta,  drizzle. 

*  Piovic-ciare,  -olare  ;=  Piovigginare. 

*  Pioviere  m. ;  =  Piviere. 

Pioviggin-are  ind.  piovfggino ;  to 
drizzle.  -6so,  rainy. 

Pioviscolare  ind.  piovfscolo ;  to  rain 
with  a  fine  drizzle. 

Piovdso  ;  rainy.  As  sb.,  Pluvi&se, 
the  second  winter  month  of  the  French 
republican  calendar. 

Pibvra  f. ;  octopus,  in  fig.  sense, 
from  the  pieuvre  of  Victor  Hugo. 

Piovuta/;  rainfall. 

Piovuto  ;  part.  Piovere.     'drunk. 

Pip-a  /  (bit.  pipa,  <  L.  pipare  ;  of 
imit.  origin,  viz.  as  a  tube  to  whistle 
with) ;  i.  tobacco,  pipe.  2.  pipe  of 
wine  or  oil,  so  called  from  its  long 
shape.  3.  scherz.  big  nose,  t  =  Lira, 
franc. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.^  -are  scherz.  or  spreg.  to  smoke, 
-ata  smoking,  -atina  dim.,  -attire. 
tPiperay;;=Bambina,  baby. 

Piperinay;;  i.  (fhem.)  piperine.  2.  Menta  — , 
peppermint. 

Piperino,  Piperao  (Piperigno)  m. ; 


446 


PIPERITIDE— PISTA 


a  variety  of  lava  used  for  paving-stones, 
etc. 

Piperftide  /;  (bot.)  dittander,  v.  Erha  (96). 
Pipdrno  ;  z».  Piperino. 

Pipett-ayi;  i.  dim.  Pipa.  2.  pipette.  Ajff. 
•ina  dim* 

Pipi  »/.;  i.  twittering.     2.  baby.     *some  game. 

Pipilare  ind.  pipilo  (Pipiare) ;  to 
twitter. 

Pipin-ay:,  -o  m.;  dim.  Pipa. 
Pipino  m.\(\)  vezz.  of  Pipi  (2).     (B)  v.  Pipina. 
Pipidnay!;  a  sweet  Spanish  wine. 
*Pipire;  =  Pigolare,  to  chirp. 

Pipistr^llo  m.  (L.  vespertilio,  > 
**vifi$trello)i  i.  bat.  2.  a  sort  of 
Inverness  cape. 

Pipita  /  (L.  pituita,  phlegm,  as  if 
the  deposit  was  one  of  mucus) ;  i.  pip 
in  fowls,  a  growth  on  the  tongue, 
choking  the  bird.  2.  piece  of  loose 
skin  at  the  base  of  the  nails  ;  hence 
3.  a  hurt  of  no  consequence.  4.  Avere 
la  — ,  of  a  child,  to  be  always  asking 
for  drink  (from  the  way  a  bird  with  the 
pip  keeps  its  mouth  open),  or  to  be 
always  silent  (since  the  sick  bird  cannot 
chirp) ;  Tu  non  mori  di  — ,  (said  of  a 
great  talker).  5.  point  of  grass  which 
will  develop  into  a  blade. 

Pip6n-ay;)  -e  m.;  augm.  Pipa. 

*Pippio  m.\  —  Beccuccio. 

*Pippionata/;  piece  of  silliness. 

*Pippion-e  ?//.;  i.  —  Piccione,  young  pigeon; 
Avere  uova  e  -i,  i.e.  to  take  up  a  piece  of  business 
before  the  last  one  is  done  with.  ii.  fool.  Hi.  Tremare 
i  -i  ad  alcuno,  of  one  who  is  in  a  great  fright. 

Pippo  ;  short  for  Filippo.  Far  — ,  to  play  the 
spy.  Scherz.,  —  !  as  one  blows  out  the  candle. 

t  Pippo,  Pippolo,  Pipporo  m.\  i.  =Chicco,  pip. 
ii.  bead  of  a  rosary. 

tPippolino  »/.;  dim.  t  Pippo. 

Pippolo  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  I.  pimple 
(which  may  be  a  cognate  word).  2.  short 
stalk,  ti.  peppercorn,  ii.  ?/.  Pippo. 

t  Pipporo  m.\  v,  Pippo. 

Pira/  (A)  (L.,<  Gr.  wpa) ;  pyre. 

(B) ;  hen. 

*  Pirale  m. ;  =  Pirausta. 
Piralidi  '  "        *     " 
Pir__ 

Pirat-a  m.  (L.,<Gr!,  v.  Skeat^/wT  Pirate) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -eggiare  ind.  pirateggio,  -eria,  -icanie"nte, 
-ico. 

*  Pirausta  m.   (Gr.   Trupauor^,  moth  that   gets 
singed  in  the  candle,  <auw,  to  kindle);  a  fabulous 
insect  living  in  fire. 

tPirchio  ?«.  (akin  to  L.  pilus,  a  hair,  cp.  Sicil. 
dial.  pillicU)  Span. pelon,  whence pelon eria,  avarice); 
miser. 

Pire  Pire(Piro  Piro)  ;  a  call  to  fowls,  v.  Pira(B). 

Pirello  vi.;  i.  chape  of  a  scabbard.  2.  silver- 
smith's punch  used  in  making  spoons. 

Pirenaico  ;  (myth.)  of  Pirene,  the  Corinthian 
fountain  which  sprang  from  a  blow  of  the  hoof  of 
Pegasus. 

Piretro  m.  (Gr.  irvp,  fire,  from  the  hot  taste  of 
the  root);  (bat.)  i.  feverfew,  Chrysanthemum  f>ar- 
thcniitm,  2.  —  di  Levante,  i.g.  Pilatro(i). 

*  Pirice  (Gr.  irvp) ;    Fanfani  quotes  an   extract, 
'  In  Persia  e  pietra  pirice,  la  quale  chi  la  tiene  stretta 

nella  mano  e  arso  da  quella, '  which  suggests  that 
the  stone  contained  radium. 

Pirico  ;  Polvere  — ,  gunpowder. 

Piri  Piri ;  i.q.  Pire  Pire. 

Pirite  f.  (L.,<Gr.  roping,  flint);  pyrites,  a 
sulphide  of  iron. 

Pirl6ne  ;  Don  —  .hypocrite,  from  the  character 
in  a  play  by  Gigli  (1660—1722). 

t  Piro  m. ;  i.  =  Pulcino.    ii.  =  Mentula.    iii.  z>.  Pire. 

Pirocorv^tta  / ;  steam  corvette. 

Piroett-ay;;=Piroletta.     Aff.  -are. 

Pirdfono  m. ;  apparatus  for  producing  musical 
notes  from  glass  tubes  thrown  into  vibration  by  gas 
jets. 

Pirdforo  ;  taking  fire  on  exposure  to  the  air. 

PirofregatayT;  steam  frigate. 


nraie  m. ;  =  nrausta. 

Piralidi/.  //.;  a  family  of  moths,  Pyralis. 
Piramid-ale,  -almente,  -e/,  -£tta<#w.; 
Etym.    L.,<Gr. ;  origin prob.  Egyptian. 

O;  ,-^t     f.      ...       /T          ^  /-»_          _       c-l .  i      r\' 


Pir6ga  f.  (Span,  piragua,  from  the  native 
American  word) ;  pirogue,  canoe. 

Pirola  f.  (dim.  <  L.  Pyrus)  ;  (hot.)  wintergreen, 
Pyrofa. 

Piroletta  /.  (akin  to  Fr.  pirouette,  further 
etym.  »«£«.);  pirouette. 

*Pirolo  m.  (variant  of  Piolo)  ;  =  Cavicchio,  peg. 

Piromaca/I;  a  variety  of  flint. 

Piromanzfa  f.;  divination  by  fire. 

Pirdmetro  ;«. ;  instrument  for  measuring  high 
temperatures,  pyrometer. 

Pironcino  m. ;  i.  —  Chiavardetta,  peg.  2.  (mar.) 
toggle  of  the  log. 

Pir6ne  m.  (v.  Piolo);  peg,  in  certain  mechanical 
instruments;  also  that  upon  which  the  end  of  a  harp- 
string  is  wound. 

Piro-piro  m. ;  (omith.)  i.  —  becco  torto,  = 
Pittima  nana,  v.  Pittima  (B,  e).  2.  —  gambe  lunghe, 
=  Albastrello,  redshank.  3.  —  boschereccio,  wood 
sandpiper,  Totanus  glareola,  also  termed  Sagginale 
grande.  4.  — culbianco,  green  sandpiper,  Totanus 
ochropuS)  also  termed  Culbianco,  or  Culbianco 
d1  acqua.  5.  —  piccolo,  common  sandpiper,  Tringa 
,'ty/>olencus,  also  termed  Piovanello. 

Pirdpo    m.    (L.,  <  Gr.    Trupwiros,    fiery-eyed) ; 

1.  Bohemian   ruby.     2.    an   alloy  of  four  parts  of 
copper  to  one  of  gold. 

Piropontdne  m.  (Gr.  nvp  +  It.  pon- 
tone) ;  steam -dredger. 

Pirbscafo  m.  (Gr.  n-O/i,  <rK.{<£?;,  ves- 
sel) ;  steamer. 

Pirosseno  or  Pirdsseno  m.  (Gr.  irup,  feVos) ; 
(/;//«.)  pyroxene,  a  hard  silicate  rock. 

Pirossilinay!;  pyroxylin,  gun-cotton. 

Pirotecn-ia  or  -ica  f. ;  pyrotechnics.  Ajff. 
-ico. 

Pirra  ;  I  figli  di  — ,  mankind,  from  the  fable 
of  Deucalion  and  Pyrrha. 

Pirrichio  m.\  pyrrhic  foot,  two  short  syllables. 

Pirric-o;  Danza  -a,  Spartan  war-dance,  pro- 
bably so  called  from  the  name  of  its  inventor 
IIvppiXos,  v.  Liddell  and  Scott,  sub  jruppt'xTj. 

Pjrrocorace  «;.:  —  alpino,  =  Gracchio. 

Pirr6n-ico,  -ismo,  -ista ;  Pyrrhonic,  etc., 
from  Pyrrho  (of  Elis,  360 — 270  B.C.)  who  doubted 
everything. 

fPirsimbnio  w.;  =  Pinzimonio,  celery-dressing. 

Piruletta(Piruetta);  v.  Piroletta. 

Pisa  ;  the  city  near  the  mouth  of  the  Arno.  Ti 
fo  veder  —  (more  often,  Lucca),  said  to  a  child  as 
you  lift  him  up  under  his  arms.  A  Lucca  ti  vidi,  etc., 
v.  Lucca.  II  soccorso  di  — ,  aid  too  late;  the 
reference  is  to  the  crusade  led  by  Godfrey  de  Bouillon, 
which  ended  in  the  captureof  Jerusalem,  July  15, 1099. 
The  Genoese  had  a  large  share  in  the  matter  as  they 
managed  the  besieging  machines,  but  the  PLMUIS, 
whose  fleet  had  been  delayed  by  contrary  winds, 
only  arrived  after  victory  had  been  won.  Come  i 
ladri  di  — ,  referring  to  feigned  quarrelling;  the  full 
phrase  goes  on,  che  il  giorno  liticano  e  la  notte  vanno 
a  rubare  insieme. 

tPisaggine/.;  fatigue. 

Pisan-o  adj.\  Venire  i  -i,  to  be  sleepy,  with 
a  punning  reference  to  Pisolo. 

Pisasfalto  m.\  a  variety  of  bitumen. 

Piscat6rio;  Sub  annulo  — ,  a  phrase  applied 
to  certain  pontifical  bulls. 

Piscia  f.\  urine. 

Pisciacane  m.',(hot.)  i.  =  Imbrentine,  rock -rose. 

2.  a  species  of  poisonous  fungus. 

*  Pisciaccheray!;  =  Piscialletto. 
Piscia iayC;  piddling  little  matters. 

t  Pisciaione  m.  ;=  Piscione. 

Piscialletto  m.  or/!;  scherz.  or  sfireg.  i.  baby, 
fsfi.  in  the  fam.  phrase,  Ha  fatto  una  piscialletto, 
she  has  had  a  girl  baby.  2.  beardless  youth ;  Un  — 
che  ha  la  morosa,  a  boy  who  thinks  he  is  in  love. 

3.  (hot.)  dandelion,  v.   Dente  (5,  c). 

Pisciancio  ;=  Pisciarella,  the  wine,  or  grape 
from  which  it  is  made. 

Pisciare  (imit.)\  to  piddle.  Chi  piscia  chiaro, 
ha  in  tasca  il  medico,  fig.  a  man  with  a  clear  con- 
science need  not  fear  the  police.  —  a  letto  e  dire 
che  e  sudato,  _/%•.  of  a  man  who  is  so  well  ortthat  he 
does  not  care  for  anybody's  opinion.  —  a  gocciole, 
fig.  to  be  miserly,  to  pay  one's  debts  in  driblets. 

Pisciarell-a  f.,  -o  m.\  light-red  wine  with 
little  flavour. 

Pisciasangue  w. ;  red-water. 

Pisciata/.;  i.  piddle,  piddling.     2.  trifle. 

Pisciatdio  w.;  urinal. 

Piscicoltura  f. ;  fish-rearing. 

Piscina/;  (A)  (L.) ;  i.  medicated 
bath.  2.  fish-pond,  3.  drinking-trough 
for  cattle.  4.  swimming-bath.  (R)  \dtni. 
vezz.  Piscia. 

*  i.    Essere   in   — ,  to   be   engaged   in   business; 
Essere  nella  sua  — ,  to  be  in  one's  element,     ii.  La 


probatica  — ,  the  tank  near  the  Temple  m  Jerusalem, 
where  the  animals  for  sacrifice  were  washed. 

Piscio  m.\  piddle. 

Pisc|6n-e  «/.,  -ay];  baby. 

Pisci6so  ;  soiled  with  urine. 

*  Piscopo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.)  ;  =  Vescovo,  bishop. 

*  Piscoso  ;  well  stocked  with  fish. 

*  Pisculento  ;  with  a  fishy  smell. 

Pisell-aio  m.  \  field  of  peas,  -ata/ ; 
dish  of  peas.  -4tto  dim^  -fno  vezz.,  of  -o. 

Pis&llo  m.  (L.  pz'su//t  =  Gr.  irivvs)  ; 

1.  (bot.}  (a)  pea,  Pisum  sativum  ;  Esser 
piu  debole  la  frasca  del  — ,  when  the 
guarantor  is  weaker  than  the  principal ; 
(b)  —  affricano,  ==  Loto  affricano  ;  (c)  — 
marittimo,  sea-pea,  Pisum  maritimum\ 
(d)   -  -    odoroso,   sweet-pea,    Lathyrus 
odoratits ;    (e)   —   salvatico,    wild   pea, 
Lathyrus  oleraceus^  also  termed  Orbig- 
lia,  Rubiglio  ;   (f)  —  delle  siepi,  ever- 
lasting   pea,    Lathyrus   latifolius,   also 
termed  Veccione  rosso,  Mocaione,  In- 
grassabue,   Rubiglione.     2.  fig.  block- 
head.    3.   as  adj.,  pea-green. 

Pisell6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  great  awkward 
fool,  gowk. 

Pisis  m.  pi. ;  slang  term  for  money. 

tPisolare  (prob.  for  ** pesnlare,  <  ** pensulare, 
or  some  similar  form,  <  L.  pensilis)  ;  =  Appisolarsi,  to 
snooze. 

Pisol-6tto  dim.  t  -ino  i>czz.,  of -o. 

Pisolite  _/T;  concretions  of  lime  formed  round 
a  nucleus  of  grit  in  the  waters  of  Vichy,  and  in  those 
of  S.  Filippo  in  Tuscany,  and  elsewhere,  so  called 
from  their  resemblance  in  shape  to  peas. 

Pisolo  m.  (It.  pisolare)  ;  a  snooze. 
t  Pisoltrare;  =  Andar  piu  oltre,  to  go  further. 

Pispigliare  ;=Bisbigliare,  to  whisper. 

Pispilldria  /;  i.  noise  of  many 
birds  twittering.  2.  quasi-fig.  noise  of 
talking.  3.  whispering,  i.e.  against 
someone's  character.  4.  long  tedious 
speech. 

t  Pispinow.  (/»«'/.)  ;  =  Zampillo,  fine  jet  of  water. 

Pispissare  ;  to  whisper,  -v.  Pissi. 

Pispol-a  /  (imit.  from  the  bird's 
cry) ;  I.  (prnith.}  meadow-lark,  Anthits 
prateusis,  also  termed  Saltanseccia,  Spi- 
pola,  Babusso,  Prispola  ;  Pigliar  le  -e, 
to  stand  shivering  in  the  cold  ;  Non 
uccellare  a  -e,  to  aim  at  large  profits. 

2.  -    di    palude,  =  Spioncello,    red- 
throated  pipit.     3.  —  maggiore,  =  Pris- 
polone,  tree-pipit.      4.    --   gola   rossa, 
Anthus  cervinus.     5.  fig.  artful  woman 
or  vezz.   pretty   girl.      6.    whistle,   for 
imitating  birds.     7.  -e  !  excL  of  wonder 
at   a   strong   statement.      8.  =  Frottola, 
idle  jest.     9.  =  Fistola,  flute. 

Pispolare  ind.  pfspolo ;  to  whistle, 
v.  Pispola  (6). 

Pispol-etta,  -ina  ;  dims,  of  Pispola. 
Pispolino  w.;  =  Pipi,  baby. 
Pispolucciay:;  dim.  Pispola  (2). 
Pissasfalto  ;//.  (Gr.);  a  variety  of  bitumen. 

Pissi  or  Pissi  pissi  ;  whispering. 
Dire  il  — ,  to  say  prayers  in  an  under- 
tone. 

Pisside  /  (L.,  <  Gr.  7ru£/r,  box) ; 
(eccL)  sacramental  pyx.  *cup-shaped 
cavity. 

t  Pissipissare  ;  =  Pispissare,  v.  Pissi. 

Pista  f.  (L.  pistus,  part,  of  Pinsere^ 
to  pound,  v.  Pestare) ;  track  of  a  race- 
course. The  word  is  marked  as  obso- 
lete by  Tommaseo  and  Bellini  and  in 


PISTACCHIATA— PIZZARDA 


447 


its  present  meaning  is  borrowed  from 
Fr.  piste,  which  is  itself  a  borrowed 
word  from  It.  pista,  in  its  old  sense, 
which  was  "beaten  track." 

Pistacchiata./;  hard-bake  of  pistachio  nuts. 
Pistacchina  ;  Nocciola  — ,  a  variety  of  hazel- 
nut. 

Pistacchio  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Persian 
pistaK) ;  i.  (bot.)  pistacia  tree,  Pistacia 
vera,  or  its  fruit,  the  pistachio  nut  ; 
Color  — ,  i.e.  pale  green  ;  Oggi  paio  un 
— ,  my  complexion  to-day  is  greenish. 
2.  -—  di  montagna,  bladder  nut  tree, 
Staphylea  pinnata,  also  termed  Naso 
mozzo. 

Pistagna  /  (etym.  unkn.)  ;  flap  of  a 
coat  or  waistcoat  turned  back  to  make 
a  collar  or  the  like. 

Pistagnin-o  «/.,  -a/ ;  piece  of  cloth 
forming  a  sort  of  collar  to  a  pocket. 

Pistagn6n-e  m.,  -&  f.',  augnt.  Pistagna. 
tPistapauta  m.;  foot-soldier,  v.  Piota. 
•Pistello  m. ;  i.  =Pestello.     ii.  =  Pistone. 

Pisternaio  m. ;  =  Fornaio,  baker. 
tPisticciare,  Pesticciare ;  to  leave  traces  here 
and  there. 

tPisticcio  m. ;  trampling,  leaving  footprints. 

Pistillo  m.  (L.  pistittum,  pestle,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pistil);  (tat.)  pistil  of  a  flower. 

Pistoiese  ;  of  Pistoia,  in  Tuscany. 

*  Pistoia  / ;  =  Epistola. 
Pistoia yj;  i.  pistol.    2.  pistole. 

Rtym.^  The  pistol  was  originally  a  dagger  and, 
Hke_  Bisturi,  took  its  name  from  the  town  of  Pistoia, 
anciently  called  Pistoia.  When  the  small  fire-arm 
was  invented  it  was  called  Pistoia,  as  if  it  were  a 
dagger,  the  relation  of  its  size  to  that  of  the  arquebuse 
being  that  of  a  dagger  to  a  sword.  Similarly  when 
the  Spanish  gold  escudo  was  diminished  in  size,  and 
so  became  smaller  than  the  French  ecu,  it  received 
in  France  the  name  of  pistole  :  and  the  term  became 
general  outside  of  Spain  for  the  coin  in  question, 
which  was  worth  about  sixteen  shillings. 

*  Pistolente  ;=  Pestilente. 

Pistoiese  tn. ;  a  two-edged  hunting-knife,  for- 
merly made  at  Pi.stoia.     As  adj. ,  of  Pistoia. 
Pistol-^tta,  -ina;  ditns.  vezz.  of  Pist&la. 
Pistolettata/:;  pistol-shot. 
Pistole1  tto   tn. ;    i.    short   carbine.     2.   cavalry- 
soldier  armed  therewith. 

Pistolone  m.\  augnt.  Pistoia. 
Pistolotto  m.;  dim.  sckerz.  Pistoia. 
Pistdnc   m.    (variant   of   Pestone) ;    i.    piston. 
2.  (mus.)  short  piston  used  for  tuning  wind-instru- 
ments of  brass.     3.  (mil.  kist.)  an  arquebuse  with  a 
short  barrel. 

..  *i-  —  scavezzo,  blunderbuss,  ii.  traveller  on  foot, 
iii.  =  Pestone,  rammer. 

*Pistoneria/(It.  "pistone,  ii)  ;  =  Gentaglia. 
'Ptstore  >«.;  =  Fornaio,  baker,  v.  Pistrino. 
'  Pistorino  m.;=  Bisturi,  bistoury. 

*  Pistra  /.,  Pistro  in. ;   some  ancient  kind  of 
ship. 

•Pistre,  Pistro,  Pistricey:  (L.  pistrix);  some 
cetacean. 

•Pistrino  m.  (L.  pistrinum,  mill);  i.  mill, 
ii.  fig.  trouble. 

*  Pistro  m. ;  i.q.  Pistra. 
*PisturayT;  scraps  of  dried  chestnuts. 

Pitaffio  m. ;  scherz.  for  Epitaffio, 
epitaph. 

Pitag&ric-o;  Pythagorean.  Tavola  -a,  mul- 
tiplication  table.  (Vitto)  — ,  without  meat. 

Pi  tale  m.  (etym.  unkn.)  •  scherz.  or 
spreg.  for  Cantero,  night-stool. 

*  Pitanza  /. ;  good  food. 
tPitanzone/:;  fat  woman. 

Pitecia/:;  a  genus  of  American  apes,  Pitlacia. 

Pit^co  in.  (Gr.) ;  ape. 


tPitena  adv.',  no,  none. 

•  Piteto  m.;=  Epiteto. 

•  Pitetto  ;  v.  Petito. 


Pitia/;  Pythias,  the  Delphic  priestess.    Aff. 
Pitico. 

t  Pitignone  m. ;  =  Pedignone,  chilblain. 

Pitinfno,  Pittinfno  (akin  to  Petito) ; 
tiny. 

Pitiusa/.;  (tot.)  Euphorbia  pithyusa. 


Pito  in.  ;  the  city  of  Pytho,  near  Delphi,  where 
Apollo  slew  the  serpent. 

Pit6cc-a  /  ;  beggar-woman.  A_ff. 
-are,  to  beg. 

Pitoccherfa  /  ;  beggarly  action. 

tPitocch-ino,  -6tto  or  Piattello  m.;  a  card- 
game  for  four,  played  with  forty  cards.  Nine  cards 
are  dealt  to  each  player  and  four  lie  face  downwards 
on  the  table,  which  are  bought  by  auction.  The 
object  is  to  reach  35  points,  and  the  winner  sweeps 
the  pool  from  the  Piattello,  whilst  the  loser  is  said  to 
be  Pitocckino,  lit.  little  beggar. 

Pitdcco  m.  ;  i.  beggar.  As  adj., 
in  beggary.  2.  (mil.  hist.')  short  coat 
worn  over  the  armour,  t  =  Gonnella 
corta. 

Etym.  Gr.  TTTWVOS.  Or  possibly  from  pit, 
small,  cp.  Lombard  dial,  pitoti,  poor,  but  the  meaning 
corresponds  exactly  to  that  of  the  Greek  word  (Diez); 
?'.  Pillacchera. 

Pitocc6ne  in.  ;  augm.  Pitocco. 
Pit6ne  m.  ;  python  (from  the  serpent  slain  by 
Apollo). 

Pitonissa./;  witch,  esp.  the  witch  of  Endor, 
in  the  Bible. 

Pitonico  ;  inspired  with  witchcraft. 
tPitornicco  ;=Minchionce!lo,  rather  silly. 
tPitor-o  m.t  -ayl;  i.  =Minchione,  silly,     ii.  = 
Pulcino,  chicken. 

t  Pitta  y:;=Pira,  hen. 
•Pittieri  »/.;  =  Pettirosso,  robin. 

Pfttima  /  (A)  (orig.  a  sort  of  mus- 
tard-plaster, <  Gr.  enidrjfia,  but  now 
only  used  in  fig.  sense)  ;  i.  miser. 
2.  tiresome  bore  that  cannot  be  got 
rid  of. 

(B)  ;  (ontitk.)  godwit,  of  which  there  are  two 
species,  (a)  —  reale,  black-tailed  godwit,  Limosa 
tne/anura,  also  termed  Moschettone,  Pantana, 
(6)  —  minore,  or  piccola,  bar-tailed  godwit,  Litiwsa 
lapponica. 

t  PittimeddayT;  ;'.  Crenilabro. 
Pittinino  ;  v.  Pitinino. 

tPitti  pitti  ;  =  Piri  piri,  a  call  to  fowls. 

tPittir6ss-o,  -olo  m.  ;  robin.  Aff.  -are  or 
-ulare  vb. 

t  Pitto  m.  ;  fowl.     *  As  part.  =  Pinto,  painted. 

*  Pittone  ;  v.  Pitone. 

Pitt<5r-e  m.  (L.  pictor,  v.  Pingere)  ; 
painter.  Aff.  -ello  dim.  spreg.,  -esca- 
mente,  -dsco  picturesque,  -ico  relating 
to  painting,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Pittrice  f.  ;  female  painter. 

Pittur-a  /;  i.  art  of  painting. 
2.  picture.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -are  vb., 
-e^ta  -ina  dims,  iiezz. 

Pituita/  (L.);  (mid.)  nasal  mucus. 

*  Piturlo  m.  ;  simpleton. 

tPitursello  m.  (L.  A/rwt//K<»«);  =  Prezzemolo, 
parsley. 

Pill  (A)  (L.  plus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Plural)  ;  more,  many.  I  —  ,  the  ma- 
jority. Mandare  tra'  —  ,  i.e.  to  kill. 
Mai  —  ,  by  no  means,  certainly  not. 
Di  sopra  —  ,  by  way  of  an  overplus, 
beyond  what  is  due.  Parlare  del  —  e 
del  meno,  to  talk  about  nothing  in  par- 
ticular. Numero  del  —  ,  (gram.)  the 
plural  number.  -  che  perfetto,  plu- 
perfect tense.  Esser  un  di  —  ,  to  be 
superfluous,  useless,  not  wanted.  Ne 
—  amor  mi  fece  esser  —  presta,  Che  — 
e  tanto  amor  quinci  su  ferve,  nor  was 
it  greater  love  which  made  me  more 
speedy  to  come,  for  up  here  some  burn 
with  greater  love  than  mine,  others' 
even  as  I,  D.  Par.  21.  67. 

(B)  as  sb.  ;  =  Lul  giallo,  willow-  wren. 

Piue;  poet,  for  Piu. 

Piulare;  to  weep. 

Piulo  m.;  a  kind  of  mountain  currant. 


Piuma  /.  (L.  pluma)  ;    i.    feather, 


i.e.  of  a  bird's  plumage.  A  wing-feather 
is  Penna.  2.  (poet.)  =  Penna,  pen. 
*downy  beard. 

Piumacce'tto  m. ;  dim.  Piumaccio. 

Piumaccio  m.;  i.  feather  bolster  or 
pillow.  2.  =  Piumino.  3.  (mar.)  stopping 
up  piece  of  a  launching  cradle. 

Piumacciolo  m. ;  dim.  Piumaccio. 

Piumacci61-o  m. ;  \.  compress  for 
a  wound,  etc.  2.  (vet.)  a  disease  of 
horses'  mouths.  3.  (mar.)  -i  dei  cus- 
cinetti,  bottom  brasses  of  the  main- 
bearing  for  the  propeller,  v.  Paasch, 
Diz.  Mar.,  plate  67. 

*  trestle  for  supporting  a  cask. 

Piumdggio  m. ;  plumage. 
Piumaio  m. ;  feather-dresser. 

*  Piumare  ;  to  pluck  (a  bird). 
•Piumata/;   a  feather  pill  administered  to  a 

hawk  as  a  purgative. 

Piumato ;  with  feathers. 

Pium-e'tta,  -ettina;  dim.,  sub-dint.,  of  -a. 

Piumfno  m. ;  i.  feather  cushion,  to 
lay  over  the  feet  of  a  person  in  bed. 
2.  plume  of  feathers  for  a  lady's  head, 
aigrette.  3.  babies'  powder-puff.  *  = 
Piuma. 

Pium6ne  m. ;  tool  for  giving  a  nap  to  cloth. 

Pium-6so  ;  downy.    Aff.  -osita. 

*Piune;  =  Pifi. 

Piuolo ;  v.  Piolo. 
t  Piuri  ;=  Baccole,  bilberry. 

Piuttosto ;  rather.     *  =  Appena. 

*  Piuvico  ;=  Pubblico. 

Piv-a/  (variant  of  Pipa)  ;  i.  shep- 
herd's pipe.  2.  bagpipe,  v.  Cornamusa ; 
Ritornare  colle  -e  nel  sacco,  to  fail  in 
one's  purpose. 

•Pivetta/:;  mouthpiece  (of  a  flute). 

Piviale  m.  (L.  pluvialis)  ;  pluvial, 
or  cope,  a  sacerdotal  robe  worn  at 
vespers  and  other  functions,  but  not 
as  a  rule  at  mass. 

Pivialista  m. ;  minister  wearing  the  Piviale. 

Piviere  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  pluvier, 
<**plovarius,<**plovere for  'L.pluere, 
to  rain,  cp.  the  Germ,  name  for  the  bird, 
Regenpfeifer,  rain-piper,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Plover);  (ornith.)  i.  golden  plover,  Cfta- 
radriitspluvialis,3\i,o  termed  —  dorato, 
Pluviere.  2.  •  -  minore,  (a)  a  species 
of  plover,  Charadrius  fulvus,  (b)  =  Cor- 
riere piccolo,  lesser  tern.  3.  —  tortolino 
or  morinello,  dotterel,  Eudromias  mori- 
nellus.  4.  -  -  col  collare,  =  Corriere 
grosso,  ringed  plover. 

*(B)  The  district  of  a  Pieve,  rural  deanery. 

Pivierissa/.;  grey  sandpiper,  Tringa  squata. 
rota,  also  termed  Vanello  a  gastro  nero. 

Pivo  m.  ;  =  Cinedo  or  Bardassa,  buffoon. 
t  Pi  v6  m. ;  =  Luminello,  touch-hole. 
•Pivuolo  <«.;=  Piolo,  stake. 

Pizio ;  Pythian. 

*  Pizza  f. ;  i.   egg-shaped  cheese,     ii.   a  sort  of 
bun. 

Etym.  (i)  prob.  akin  to  Pizzare,  as  being  of  a 
pointed  shape,  (ii)  <  L.  pisare,  a  variant  ofiinsert, 
to  pound,  v.  Pestare. 

Pizzacardi  m.  ;  =  Saltimpalo,  stone-chat. 

Pizzacher-6tto,  -(no  m.  ;  =  Beccaccino  reale, 
snipe. 

Pizzagallfna  /.;  =  Centocchio,  chickweed. 

Pizzaguerra  f. ;  =  Commettimale,  mischief- 
maker. 

Pizzarda  f.  (It.  pizzo,  with  suffix,  v.  supra, 
-ardo,  in  loco) ;  =  Beccaccino,  snipe. 


448 


PIZZARDELLA— PO 


Pizzardella/:;=Frullino,  jack-snipe. 

Pizzarddne  m.  ;  =  CroccoIone,  great  snip*. 

Pizzarddni  tn.  pl.\  Roman  police,  so  named 
from  their  two-pointed  hats. 

*Pizzare  (cogn.  to  It.  pizzo);  i.  to  sting,     ii.  to 
be  sticky. 

*  Pizzegamorti  ;«.;=Beccamorti,  ^rave-digger. 
Pizzi  (variant  of  Pazzi);    Ragazzi  —  pazzi   e 

malavvezzi,  a  half-jesting  way  of  speaking  to  naughty 
boys,     t —  di  re,  rainbow  fish,  v.  Donzella  (2,  6), 

Pizzicagnolo  m.  \  pork -butcher, 
pickle-seller,  dealer  in  macaroni,  dried 
fruits,  pickles,  etc. 

•Pizzicaiuolo,  Pizzicaruolo,  Pizzicheruolo 
m. ;  i.  =  Pizzicagnolo.     ii.  druggist. 

*  Pizzicamorto  «/.;  =  Beech,  tno,  grave-digger. 
Pizzicam6sche  «/.  ;  =  BigiarelIa,  lesser  white- 
throat. 

Pizzicaquesti6ni  ///. ;  =  Accattabrighe,  mis- 
chief-maker. 

Pizzic-are  ;  i.  to  sting,  as  mustard, 
also  fig.  2.  intr.  to  smart,  to  tingle. 
3.  to  itch.  4.  fig.  -a  di  poeta,  he  is  a 
bit  of  a  poet ;  -an  d'  eretico,  there  is  a 
dash  of  heresy  about  them.  5.  to  pinch, 
with  the  finger  and  thumb,  or,  of  a  bird, 
to  peck.  6.  to  flick  (a  horse)  with  the 
tip  of  the  lash.  7.  to  twang  (a  violin 
string),  to  play  "pizzicato."  8.  -ato  = 
Butterato,  pock-marked.  9.  (mar.}  — 
il  vento,  to  hug  the  wind. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^.  Pezugar,  Fr.  fincer, 
Span,  pizcar^  old  Dutch  pitsen,  It.  pizzare,  pinzare, 
v.  Pizzo.  Pizzicare  may  be  <  Span,  Ptzcar,  or 
possibly<**Piccicare,/>Y7.  of  Piccare  in  its  original 
sense  of  pricking. 

Pizzicata/;  i.  v.  Pizzicare.  2.  very 
minute  sweetmeats. 

Pizzicat6po  m. ;  (&?/.)  =Pungitopo,  butcher's- 
broom. 

Pizzicherfa  / ;  Italian  warehouse, 
pickle-shop. 

Pizzicheru6Io  m.\  v.  Pizzicaiuolo. 
Pizzich{na/I;=Rogna,  itch. 
Pizzichino  m.\  a  strong  variety  of  snuff. 

Pizzico  m. ;  i.  a  pinch  (of  salt, 
snuff,  etc.).  2.  =  Pizzicore,  tingling. 

Pizzic6r-e  m, ;  tingling.     Aff.  -mo. 

Pizzicott-are  ind.  pizzicotto  ;  \.  to 
twitch,  to  pinch.  2.  to  flick  (a  horse) 
with  the  lash  of  the  whip,  -arsi,  to 
dispute  angrily. 

Pizzicottata/I;  i.  a  loud  twang  upon  a  violin- 
string.  2.  scherz.  augm.  Pizzicotto. 

Pizzic6tt-0  m.  (aiigm.  Pizzico) ;  i.  a 
pinch  taken  with  the  tips  of  all  five 
fingers.  2.  a  hard  pinch  given  to  a 
person's  skin.  3.  flick  with  a  whip. 
Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Pizzinino  nt.\  dim.  vezz.  Piccino,  baby. 

Pizzo  m.\  i.  goatee-beard,  imperial, 
or  in  pL,  whiskers,  longer  than  Fedine 
and  implying  a  shaven  chin,  so  that  in 
either  case  the  meaning  is  that  of  a 
pointed  tuft.  2.  v.  Pizzi.  3.  in//.,  i.q. 
Merletti,  lace.  *Fare  il  — ,  to  make 
some  scoffing  gesture  with  the  closed 
hand. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  pince^  which  means,  inter 
alia,  the  point  of  a  hoof  (in  animals  with  hoofs 
ending  in  a  point),  from  a  L.  stem  pic,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pinch.  There  is,  however,  another  stem  pit  or  pett 
expressing  the  notion  of  small  and  pointed,  such  as  a 
wasp's  sting,  v.  Kftrting,  sub  Pic,  where  he  writes : 
"A  thorough  investigation  of  this  important  stem, 
PK,  is  still  wanting ;  particularly  as  to  its  relation 
firstly  with  the  family  of  words  connected  with  the 
Gallo-Latin  bcccits,  and  secondly  to  a  number  of 
words  standing  near  to  it  in  meaning  and  discussed 

by  Diez  under  Pito Such  an  investigation  might 

very  probably  show   that  alongside  of  the  (Latin) 


stem  PIC(C)  there  was  a  Celtic  stem  Pett,  and  that 
the  two  came  into  contact  in  the  sense  of  tiny 
(winzig),  from  which  parallel  words  with  similar  or 
nearly  similar  meanings  resulted,  such  as  It.  piccolo, 
Span.  PequeftOy  alongside  of  Yr.fatit." 

The  Germ.  Spitzc,  point,  E.  spit  (for  roasting), 
may  also  be  offshoots  of  the  sterner. 

Pizzochero;  v.  Pinzochero. 

Pizz6ne  ;«.;  augm.  Pizzo. 

Pizzuga  /  ;  slow-coach,  dawdler. 

Pizzutello  /«.;  a  variety  of  dessert-grape. 

*  Pizzuto  ;=  Pinzuto,  pointed. 

Plac-abile,  -abilita,  -amento,  -are  ;  plac- 
able, etc. 

Placas,  Plagas  ;  Dir  —  d'  uno,  to  speak 
against  him  very  bitterly. 

Plac-ativo,  -at6re,  -atrice;  v.  -abile,  ecc. 

Placca  f.  (Fr.  plaque,  <  low  Germ. 
placken,  to  gum  on)  ;  i.  metallic  badge. 
2.  (med.)  syphilitic  rash. 

Placcare  ;  to  plate  with  silver  or 
gold. 

Placchfc  m.  ;  composite  metal. 

Placebo  ;  Tornare  a  —  ,  to  come  to  terms. 
Andare  a  —  ,  or  Cantare  —  ,  =  Lusingare,  to  cajole. 

Placent-a  f.  (L.  placenta,  fiat  cake,  <  Gr. 
nAoxoCf,  -oOfTos,  flat  cake,  <  root  pledt,  to  flatten); 
i.  after-birth,  2.  (hot.)  placenta,  germ  -attachment. 
Aff.  -iforme. 

Placentula  /;  (dot.)  the  nutritive  part  of  a 
grain  of  corn. 

Placet  m.  ;  approval  by  the  civil  authorities  of 
dispositions  made  by  a  bishop.  If  made  by  the  Pope 
the  civil  approval  is  termed  Exequatur. 

Placid-amente,  -ezza,  -iti,  -o  ;  placidly,  etc. 

Placit-are;  to  grant  the  Placet.  Aff.  -azione. 
*Placite,/;  a  variety  of  alum. 

Pl^cito  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  decree.  2.  coun- 
cil. 3.  =  Placet.  4.  A  mio,  tuo,  ecc., 
bene  placito,  v.  Beneplacito. 

Plaga/  (A)  (\~pldga,  v.  Plagio); 
expanse  of  sky,  quarter  of  the  heavens 
or  of  the  globe.  *=  Piaggia,  shore. 

*(B)(L.  //rt^-a)  ;  ^  Piaga,  plague. 

Plagale  ;  (mus.)  Cadenza  —  ,  plagal  cadence, 
lit.  sideways  cadence,  <  Gr.  n-Aoyio«,  slanting. 

*  Plagente  ;=  Piaceme. 

Plagiario  »/.  ;  plagiarist. 

Plagio  m.  (L.  plagium.)  kidnapping, 
<.  pldgiij  net,  curtain  ;  root  plag^  to 
flatten  out,  cp.  Gr.  irtXayo?,  sea,  E. 
flake,  v.  Walde,  sub  Plaga}  ;  plagiary. 

*Plancia./;  slab. 

Planetario  ;  planetary.     As  sb.t  orrery. 

Planimetr-ia/!  ;  plane  geometry.   Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Planisfero  m.\  planisphere,  map  of  the  heavens. 

Piano;  />*//««,?  (Latinism),  v.  Piano(i2). 

Plantare  ;  (anat.)  plantar,  of  the  sole  of  the 
foot. 

*Plantario  m.\  nursery  of  young  plants. 

Plantigrade  ;  plantigrade  (animal). 

Planzone  m.  ;  p!ank. 

Plasma  m.;  i.  (anat.)  serum  of  blood.  2.  (mi  ft.) 
a  variety  of  chalcedony.  *i.  =  Forma,  mould. 
ii.  terra-cotta  figure. 

Plasm  -are  ;  to  mould.    Aff.  -abile,  -atore. 

Plastic-ay!;  plastic  art.  Aff.  -amente,  -are 
to  practise  sculpture  or  casting,  -alore,  -ita,  -o. 

Platan-eto  »/.;  plane-forest. 

Platano  m.  (L.,  <.  Gr.,  from  its 
spreading  leaves,  TrXarvy,  wide)  ;  (bot.) 
plane-tree,  Platamts. 


/.  (L.,<Gr.  n-Xarfta,  TrXari;?, 
wide)  ;  i.  (theat.}  pit.  2.  floor  of  con- 
crete upon  which  the  foundations  of  a 
structure  are  floated.  *  =  Piazza.  Aff. 
-ale  low,  common,  -almente,  -are  vb. 

Platicerbnte  m.  ;  big-horned  stag. 

Platin-o  m.  (Span,  platina,  from  its  silvery 
appearance,  <  Span.  j>lata,  silver);  platinum.  Aff. 
-are  to  coat  with  platinum,  -atura,  -ifero,  -otipi'a, 

*Platioftalmo  »/,;  sulphate  of  antimony,  from 
its  use  as  a  cosmetic  for  making  the  eyes  seem  larger. 

Platirinco  /«.;  sea-lion,  Platyrkynchus. 

Platirrine  m.  pl.\  the  platyrrhine  apes. 

Platdn-e  ;  Plato.     Aff.  -icamente,  -ico,  -ismo. 


*  PlattayC  (Span,  plata,  silver);  military  chest. 
Platuro    »/.;    a    genus    of   poisonous   snakes, 

Platunts. 

*  Plaudire  (L.  plnudere,  to  clap  the  hands) ;  to 
applaud.     Coll'  ale  si  plaude,   flaps  its  wings  with 
joy,  D.   Par.   19.  35. 

Plausibil-e ;  i.  praiseworthy.  2.  plausible, 
specious.  Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Plauso  m,\  i.  applause.  2.  distinction,  in  an 
examination.  *  noise  of  wings. 

Plaustro  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  car.  2.  (poet.)  constella- 
tion of  the  Wain. 

Plautino ;  ofPIautus. 

Pleb-accia,  -agliay:;  jrgg.  Plebe. 

Pleban-o;  Chiesa  -a,  =  Pievania. 

Plebe  f.  (L.,  v.  Popolo);  common  people.  Aj}. 
Plebe-accio  pegg.  9^-0,  -amente,  -ismo  plebeian  mode 
of  speech,  -o,  -uccio  dim.  of -o. 

Plebiscite  m.\  as  E.  Etym.  L.,  v.  Scienza, 
etym. 

Pleiadi/.  //.  (L.);  i.  (astr.)  the  constellation 
of  the  Pleiads.  2.  Jiff,  select  number,  e.g.  of  poets. 

*  Pleiaria/I;  guarantee,  v.  Pieggio. 
Plenirio  ;  plenary. 
Plenilunio  /«.;  full  moon. 
Plenipot6nz-a_/I;  full  power.    Aff.  -iario. 
Pleona-smo,  -sticamente,  -stico  ;  as  E. 
Plesiosauro  m.\  plesiosaurus. 
Plessimetro  m. ;  i.  (nted.)  pleximeter.    2.  (mus.) 

a  form  of  metronome. 

Plesso  m.\  (anat.)  plexus. 

P16tor-a  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.  n\ij6^prj) ; 
plethora.  Aff.  -ico. 

Pldtta  /  (L.  plectti)  root  plek^  to 
weave,  ?/.  Skeat,  sub  Ply)  ;  i.  basket  of 
interwoven  palm-branches.  2.  (arch.} 
interwoven  work. 

Pleltro  m.  (Gr.  irAijicTpoi',  <  TrA^tro-w,  to  strike); 
plectrum,  the  instrument  by  which  the  Greek  lyre 
was  struck.  *  =  Battaglio. 

Pleura  f.\  (anat.)  pleura,  the  lung-sac. 

Pleur-isia,  -ite  or  -hide  ./I;  pleurisy. 

Plicata/;  a  kind  of  Puneta  worn  in  Lent. 

Plichetto  m.\  dim.  Plico. 

Plico  m.  (L.  plicare,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ply) ;  small  bundle. 

Pliniano  ;  of  Pliny. 

Plintite/:  (Gr.  wAtV0t«,  dim.  of  wtivOot,  brick); 
a  variety  of  alum. 

Plinto  m.  (Gr.  ir\iv6os>  brick,  cp. 
O.H.G.yff«j,  E.  flint) ;  i.  (arch.)  plinth, 
square  block  at  the  foot  of  a  column. 
2.  (herald.)  an  upright  rectangle  figured 
on  the  shield  ;  —  coricato,  the  same 
placed  horizontally. 

Pliocenio  ;  (geol.)  pliocene. 

-plo  ;  suffix  of  fullness,  <  L.  -plus,  v.  Pieno. 

*  Plobicare  ;=  Pubblicare,  to  publish. 

*  Ploccare  ;  (mar.)  to  caulk. 

*Ploia_/i  (bit.,  v.  Pioggia);  i.  rain.     ii.  fig.  out- 
pouring of  the  Spirit,     iii.  weeping. 

*Plor&f.;  sync,  for  Palora,  word. 
Plorare  ind.  ploro(L.)  ;  to  weep,yf^.  to  rain. 

tPlorbsa./;  piece  of  crape  worn  on  a  sleeve  for 
mourning. 

*  Plorosp ;  weeping.    As  $b.,  piece  of  white  worn 
upon  mourning. 

Plot6ne  m.  (sync,  of  Pelottone) ; 
(mil.)  platoon. 

*  Plumario  ;  relating  to  embroidery. 
Plumbeo ;  leaden. 

Plur&l-e,  -ita,  -izzare,  -mente;  plural,  etc. 
PlOirimi  m.  //.,  sc.  Denari ;  slang  for  money. 
*Plusor-e  ai/v.t  -\  adj.  (cogn.  Fr.  plusieurst< 
bit.  pleonastic  comparative  **piits-ior)\  several. 

Plliteo  ///.  (L.,  origin  unknown) ; 
i.  (;////.)  a  sort  of  mantlet  on  three 
wheels.  2.  book-case  in  a  library. 

Plutocra-tico,  -zia;  as  E. 

Pluton-iano;  (£w/.)plutonian (theory),  -ico  ; 
plutonic  (rocks),  -ista  ;  adherent  of  the  fire-theory. 

Pluvi-ale;=Piovano.  -ero;  =  Piviere.  -o  ;  = 
Piovoso.  -ometrico  adj.t  -dmetro  ;  =  Ombrometro, 
rain-gauge. 

Pneuma  tn.  (Gr.) ;  pause  in  a  Gregorian  chant. 

Pneumatic -a./;  pneumatics,  -o ;  pneumatic. 
Macchina  -a,  air-pump. 

Pneumatologia_/C;  (eccl.)  doctrine  of  spirits. 

Pneumon-ia,  -ite/.;  (med.)  pneumonia. 

Po  tn. ',  (f^Off')  the  river.  Passare  il  — ,  to  pass 
beyond  the  proper  bounds. 


PO'— POLIZZA 


449 


Po1;  i.  =Poco.     2.  =Poi. 
P6a  y? ;  (<W. )  a  genus  of  grasses,  Poa, 
Poana,  Poianay:;  (ornith.)  i.  buzzard,  Buteo 
vitlgttris,  also  termed  Falco  bottaone,  Falco  bozzago, 
Bozzago,  Hozzagro,  Abuzzago,  Astore,  Scaio,  Milano, 
Ubugazzo.      2.    —    calzata,    rough-legged    buzzard, 
Buieo  lagofius,  also  termed  Falcone  a  piedi  pennuti, 
Falco  calzato  or  cappone. 

*  Pocalissi  f. ;  -  Apocalisse. 

*  Pocanza  /  ;=  Pochezza, 

Ppcanzi  or  Poc'  anzi ;  shortly  before 
this,  just  now. 

tPoccia/:;  scherz.  for  Poppa,  breast, 
t  Pocciare  ;  to  suck.     *  to  get  drunk. 
tPocciat6io  m. ;  =  Poppatoio. 
t  Pdcciola  yC;  =  Vescia,  a  species  of  fungus. 
•Poccioso;    i.    full-breasted,     ii.    Stare  — ,   to 
live  in  comfort,     iii.    paltry. 

Poch-ettino  ;  dim.  of  -etto.  -e'tto  ; 
dim.  of  Poco.  -6zza  /  ;  smallness. 
-inino  dim.  vezz.,  -ino  dim.,  of  Poco. 

P6co  (L.paucus,  v.  Posare);  i.  little. 
2.  few  ;  Fra  — ,  in  a  short  time  from 
now  ;  —  innanzi,  shortly  before  ;  —  fa, 
a  little  time  ago  ;  Quei  pochi,  i.e.  that 
money  ;  Cavare  il  —  da  — ,  to  make  a 
little  profit  out  of  slender  means  ;  Quel 
po'  po'  di  naso,  iron,  that  enormous 
nose  ;  Guarda  che  po'  po'  di  ragazza, 
just  see  what  an  immense  girl  ;  Ogni 
— ,  or  A  ogni  — ,  constantly  ;  Ogni  - 
e  qui  a  seccarmi,  he  is  perpetually 
coining  here  to  bore  me. 

*i.  =  Debole,   weak.      ii,    Alle    molte    poche,  = 
Brevemente.     iii.  —  stante,  a  little  while  afterwards. 

*  Pocofila  f.;  scitcrz.  lazy  woman. 
Pocolino  ;  dim.  Poco. 

*Poculo  m.  (I,.);  drinking-cup. 

Podagra  (Pedagra)  /  (L.,  <Gr.); 
gout  in  the  feet. 

Podagraria/;  (tot.)  gout-weed,  Aegopodium 
podagraria. 

Podagr-ico  or  -6so  ;  71.  -a. 

Poder-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -aio 
m. ;  manager  of  the  farm  of  a  monas- 
tery, -ale  ;  adj.  -ante  ;  peasant-pro- 
prietor. 

Poder-e  m.  (L.  potere,  to  be  able, 
passing  from  the  sense  of  power  to  that 
of  ownership);  farm.  *i.  =  Potere, 
power,  ii.  army.  Aff.  -etto  or  -ino 
dim.,  -6ne  augm.,  -oso  mighty,  -osa- 
mente,  -uccio  or  -licolo  dim.  pegg. 

Podesta  m.  or  /  (L.  potestas) ; 
i.  =  Potesta,  power.  2.  mayor,  chief 
magistrate  in  the  Italian  republics  ; 
Fare  come  il  —  di  Sinigaglia,  i.e.  to 
issue  orders  and  then  do  the  thing  one- 
self, i>.  Sinigaglia. 

Podestariato  m. ;  mayoralty. 

Podesterfa/  ;  office,  jurisdiction  or 
official  residence  of  a  Podesta.  *posses- 
sion. 

*  Podice  m.  (L.);  (anal.)  orifice  of  the  bowel. 

P6dio  m.  (L.) ;  (arch.}  podium,  esp. 
a  balcony  next  the  arena  in  a  Roman 
circus,  where  the  emperor  and  other 
distinguished  persons  sat. 

Podofillite/:;  inflammation  of  the  Podofilloso. 

Podofilldso  ;  (vet.)  belonging  to  thesub-ungular 
derma  in  a  horse,  where  a  number  of  vertical  laminae 
are  inserted  into  the  horny  laminae  of  the  hoof. 

PodurayC  (Gr.  n-pu's,  foot,  oupa,  tail);  a  genus 
of  wingless  insects,  spring-tail. 

Poem-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  poem,  '-essa  /; 
bad  poem. 

Poem-itto  dim.,  -one  atigm.,  of -a. 

Pbero  ;  fop.  for  Povero,  poor. 

Poe»i-a  /   (L.  poesis);    poetry.     *=Miseria, 

H. 


referring  to  the  poverty-stricken  condition  of  too 
many  poets.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -etta  dim.,  -na  dim. 
vezz.,  -61a  dim.  vezz.  or  spreg.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Poet-a  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.)  ;  poet.  Aff.  -abile  tellable 
in  verse,  -accio  pegg..  -are  verb,  -astro  dim.  spreg., 
-eggiare  ind.  poeteggio  to  pose  as  a  poet,  -ello  dim. 
and  rather  spreg.,  -e"sco  adj.  spreg.,  -essa  female 
poet,  -ica  art  of  poetry,  -icamente,  -icheria  spreg., 
-ico  adj.,  -ino  dim.  spreg.,  -one  augm.  iron,  or 
sckerz.,  -izzare  to  versify,  -onzolo  dim.  spreg.,  -uccio 
•ucolo  or  -uzzo  dims,  spreg. 

PofFa  f.\  cavity  at  the  bottom  of  a  puddling 
furnace  where  the  molten  metal  collects. 

Poffare,  Poffareddina,  Poffareddio,  Pof- 
faremmio,  *Poffardio!  (It.  poter,  fare);  excl.  of 
wonder. 

Pogge-rello  dim.,  -ttino  sub-dim.,  -tto  dim., 
of  Poggio. 

P6ggia  f.  (Gr.  TrdSiov,  dim.  of  irovs, 
rope  fastened  to  the  lower  corner  of  a 
sail)  ;  (mar.)  halyard  for  drawing  the 
yard,  and  with  it,  of  course,  the  sail, 
to  the  lee-side,  v.  Poggiare  (A). 

Poggiacapo  m.  ;  antimacassar. 

Poggiaiblo  m.  (It.  poggio)  ;  hill-man. 

Poggiare  ind.  poggio  (A)  (It.  pog- 
gia)  ;  (mar.}  i.  to  keep  away,  to  let 
her  fall  off.  2.  Poggia  tutto  !  Hard 
a-weather  !  (the  E.  sailor's  phrase  here 
applying  not  to  the  vessel,  which  is  to 
turn  her  head  a-lee,  but  to  the  helm  ; 
the  Italian  might  also  say  Barra  sopra- 
vento  !).  3.  The  term  Poggia  is  often 
defined  as  referring  to  the  starboard 
halyard  and  starboard  side  of  the  ship, 
but  the  marine  dictionaries  all  give  it 
as  meaning  lee-side,  which  may  of 
course  be  either  starboard  or  portj  v. 
Orza  ;  Come  nave  in  fortuna  Vinta 
dall'  onde  or  da  poggia  or  da  orza,  D. 
Purg.  32.  1  1  6,  like  a  ship  in  a  storm,  roll- 
ing now  a-lee  now  a-weather.  4.  —  in 
poppa,  to  bear  away  right  before  the 
wind  ;  —  addosso  ad  una  nave,  to  bear 
down  upon  a  ship.  5.  to  put  back  into 
port  ;  Di  poggiata,  (ship)  run  into  port 
for  shelter  ;  beaten  back. 

(B)  (It.  poggio)  ;  i.  to  climb,  mount 
upwards,  D.  Par.  6.  115  and  117.  2.  to 
rest,  be  supported  upon.  *to  deliver 
(a  blow). 

*Poggiarino  m.  ;  hill-man. 
•Poggiastrella/;  (mar.)  a  small  halyard. 

Poggiata  /  (A)  ;  v.  Poggiare  (A). 
(B)  ;  slope,  declivity. 

Poggiero  ;  (mar.)  falling  off  to  leeward,  v. 
Poggiare  (A). 

P6ggi-o  m.  (L.  podium,  projection 
at  the  foot  of  a  wall)  ;  high  hill,  •bal- 
cony. Aff.  -oh'no  dim.  vezz.,  -olo  dim. 
hillock. 

•Poggiuola  /:;  =  Poggetto,  hillock. 
•Poggiuolo   m.;    i.  =  Duna,   sand-dune,      ii.  = 
Terrazzo,  balcony,     iii.  =  Balaustrata,  parapet. 

P6i  (L.  post,  cp.  Fr.  puts,  Portug. 
pos)  ;  then,  afterwards.  *when,  D.  Purg. 
14-  130- 

Poiana  f.  ;  =  Poana,  buzzard. 

*  Poiare  ;=  Poggiare,  to  climb. 

Poiche  ;  i.  since.     2.  even  if. 

*  Polayl;  =  Cornacchia,  jackdaw,     tgirl. 
Polacca  ;  v.  Pollacca. 

Polar-e,  -imetro,  -iscdpio,  -ita,  -iizare, 
-izzazione,  -mente;  as  E. 

Polastrello  m.  ;  (mar.)  becket,  a  kind  of  looped 
rope. 


Polchista  m.  ;  i.  dancer.  2.  dandy, 
swaggerer. 

Polcinellay:;  puffin,  v.  Puffino. 
*Polea/:;=Puleggia,  pulley. 
•Poledro;  v.  PuTedro. 

•Poleggia/;  i.  =Polea.     ii.  =Puleggia,  pulley. 
"Poleggio  m.  ;  i.  =Puleggio,  pennyroyal,    ii.  = 
Pukggio,  voyaging,     iii.  =  Perno. 

Polem-icayl;  polemics.   Aff.  -ico,  -ista,  -izzare. 

Polem6nia  f;  (dot.)  Greek  valerian,  Pole- 
uranium  caeruti'Hm. 

PoUna/.;  (mar.)  figure-head. 

Polenda,  Pulenda,  Polenta  /  (L. 

polenta,<pollen,  fine  meal,  cp.  E.  pulse)  ; 
polenta,  maize  or  chestnut  flour  made 
into  a  sort  of  pudding.  —  dolce,  or  di 
farina  dolce,  when  made  from  chestnuts. 
—  di  farina  gialla,  from  maize.  Far 
fogo  come  la  —  ai  gatti,  i.e.  to  be  useless. 

Aff.  Polend-aio  maker  of  Polenda,  -ina  dim. 
vezz.,  -one  augm. 

Polenta  ;  v.  Polenda. 

Polesine  m.  \  delta,  esp.  of  the  Po. 

Poletro  m.  ;=  Puledro,  colt. 
•Polezza,  Pollezza,  Polezzolay:;  shoot  of  a 
cabbage  after  it  has  been  cut. 
Polianteay^;  anthology. 
Poliarchia  /  (Gr.);  as  E. 
PolicIinicaV:  (Gr.  iroAit,  itAiriK^)  ;  city-hospital. 

*  Policroto   (Gr.    jro\u«cporo5)  ;    many-oared,   or 
with  many  decks. 

Poliedro  m.  (Gr.);  polyhedron. 

*  Poliera  f.  (Gr.  TroXuTjpij?)  ;  with  many  banks  of 
oars. 

Poligala  /  (Gr.  iroAi/s,  yiA«,  milk);  (bot.) 
i.  milk-wort,  Polyrala,  also  termed  Erba  bozzolina, 
Vecciolina.  2.  rattlesnake  root,  viz.  that  of  Polygala 
senega.  3.  —  valentina,  a  species  of  Coronilla. 

Poligam-ia,  -o  ;  polygamy,  etc. 

Poligl6tt-o  ill.;  good  linguist.    Aff.  -o  adj. 

Poligonato  m.  ;  (tot.)  dittany,  Dictamnut 
fraxinella. 

Poligono  m.  ;  polygon. 

Polhstore,  Polistorew/.;  man  of  wide  learning. 
•Polimito  (Gr.  TroMJfUTO?,  <  HI'TOS,  thread  of  the 
warp)  ;  woven  in  many  colours. 

Polinniay:;  (myth.)  Polyhymnia,  the  Muse  of 
epic  poetry. 

Pdlio  m.  (Gr.  TroAiOf,  <  iroAtot,  hoary,  from  its 
glaucous  leaves)  ;  (bot.)  =  Canutola,  mountain  ger- 
mander. 

Poliorcete  m.  (Gr.  7roAiop<ojrjjs,  <  iroAcopiceu, 
to  besiege,  lit.  to  hem  in,  <  n-oAif  and  epicot,  fence)  ; 
taker  of  cities. 

Polipaio  in.  ;  piece  of  living  coral,  or  other 
cluster  of  polyps. 

P61ipo  m.  (Gr.  n-oAvs,  n-ou?)  ;  i.  polyp.  2.  (surg.) 
polypus.  *  —  Polpo,  octopus. 

Polipddio  lit.;  (bat.)  polypody,  v.  Erba  (no). 

Polip6so  ;  v.  Polipo  (2). 

Polire  ;  v.  Pulire. 

Polisarcia./;  morbid  obesity. 
i  Polisata  /  ;  =  Fandonia,  lie. 

Polisillabo  ;  polysyllabic. 

Polistore  ;  v.  Poliistore. 

Politeama  m.  ;  spectacular  theatre. 

Polite-isma,  -ista,  -istico  ;  polytheism,  etc. 
Politezza  ;  v.  Pulitezza. 


Polcay;;  polka.  Both  dance  and  music  were 
produced_in  Bohemia,  about  1830;  the  name  is  from 
a  Bohemian  word  meaning  "half,"  from  the  half  step 


in  the  dance. 


y^  (Gr.  TroXn-iKT;',  sc.  rfxyrfj  ; 
i.  politics.  2.  craftiness,  good  judg- 
ment. 

Aff.  -amente,  -ante  ignorant  talker  of  politics, 
-astro  spreg.,  -hino  dim.  spreg.,  -o,  -one  or  -ona  y.  -a 
(2),  -uccio  or  -uzzo  dim.  spreg. 

Polito;  v.  Pulito. 

Politrico  m.  (Gr.  jroAv?,  Opig,  Tpi^oy,  hair); 
(bot.)  a  fern,  AspUnium  tricfiamanfs. 

Polittero  m.  (Gr.)  ;  a  genus  of  fishes,  Polypterus. 

Polizl-a  /  (mlt.  politia,  <  Gr.  irn- 
XiTfia)  ;  police  or  police-regulations  or 
station.  *i.  =  Pulizia,  neatness,  ii.  form 
of  government.  Aff.  -esco  adj.,  -otto 
police-spy. 

P61izz-a/;  i.  ticket  of  the  nature 
of  a  voucher,  receipt  form,  pawn  ticket, 
or  the  like.  2.  cheque  upon  a  bank. 
3.  -  -  di  anticipazione,  memorandum 
of  deposit  with  a  bank  of  documents 

57 


450 


POLIZZARIO— POLTRONIERE 


lodged  by  way  of  security  for  an  ad- 
vance. 4.  --  d'  assicurazione,  policy 
of  insurance ;  -  -  in  fi/ovis,  floating 
policy  ;  -  -  d'  abbuonamento,  a  form 
of  policy  covering  the  whole  value  of 
whatever  goods  may  be  shipped  by  the 
insurer  within  the  stipulated  time,  cor- 
responding nearly  to  an  English  "  open 
policy."  5.  number  staked  upon  in  a 
private  lottery  ;  Quell'  artista  allotta  il 
suo  ultimo  quadro  e  io  ci  ho  messo  tre 
-e,  that  artist  is  getting  up  a  raffle  for 
his  last  picture  and  I  have  put  myself 
down  for  three  of  the  numbers.  6.  - 
di  carico,  bill  of  lading.  7.  —  di  cam- 
bio,  =  Cambiale,  bill  of  exchange.  8.  — 
di  visita,  =  I3iglietto  di  visita,  visiting- 
card. 

*  Non  poter  le  -e,  to  be  worn  out  with  fatigue. 
Etyni.     mlt.    apodixa^—cautio  de   suntpta  pc- 

cltliia  (Ducange),  <  Gr.  air6S«£i5,  a  shewing  forth,  a 
proof.  Korting  suggests  that  the  change  of  d  into  / 
may  have  been  made  to  avoid  the  unpleasant  simi- 
larity to  Podice  ;  forms  with  each  of  these  letters 
occur  in  Proven9al  podiza,  polissia.  V.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Policy. 

Polizzario  /«.  ;  register  of  Polizze. 

Polizz-etta,  -ina./;  dims,  of -a. 

Polizzfno  /«.;  i.  dim.  Polizza,  smaller 
than  Polizzina.  2.  (eccl.)  ticket  for 
Confession.  3.  customs  ticket,  marking 
the  duty  to  be  paid. 

Polla/  (It.  pollare) ;  spring  of  water. 

Pollacca,  Polacca  /;  i.  a  Polish 
dance  of  a  grave  and  serious  kind,  or 
the  music  therefor.  2.  (mar.)  pollack,  a 
vessel  with  three  masts  and  a  jib-boom, 
of  five  or  six  hundred  tons  burden,  the 
fore  and  main  masts  being  each  of  one 
piece,  but  the  mizzen  having  a  top  and 
top-mast.  3.  (mus.)  a  piece  in  three- 
time  with  moderate  movement.  4.  a 
kind  of  overcoat. 

Pollaccbi,  Polacchi ;  the  Poles. 

Pollacc6ne  m. ;  i.  (mar.)  jib  of  a 
lateen-vessel.  2.  scherz.  long  whiskers. 
3.  high  shirt-collar. 

*  Pollaggio  ;«.;  =  Pollame. 

Pollaio  111. ;  fowl-house,  hen-coop. 
Pollaiblo  m. ;  keeper  of  fowls. 

Pollaine  in. ;  quantity  of  fowls. 

*  Pollanc-ay;,  -o  ///.;  =  Tacchino,  turkey. 

*  Pollare  (bit.  pnllarc,  —  L.  pullnlare,  to  sprout, 
<pnllvlus,  a  twig,  properly  a  young  chicken,  dim. 
of  pulltis,  v.  Polio);  of  a  spring,  to  rise. 

Pollario  m.',  (arcltae.)  keeper  of  the  sacred 
chickens. 

Pollastr-a  f. ;  pullet,  or  scherz.  girl. 
Aff.  -6na  augm. 

Pollastr-ello,  -ino,  dims,  of  Pollastro. 

*  Pollastriera  f. ;  =  Ruffiana,  go-between. 
*Pollastriere    m. ;    i.    carrier   of   fowls,     ii.  — 

Ruffiano. 

.  Pollastr-o  in.  ;  young  cock  ;  fig. 
young  fool,  t  turkey.  Aff.  -one,  -otto, 
augms. 

*Pollebbro  m.',  for  Polio  ebbro,  —  Polio  freddo, 
worthless  fellow. 

Polleria  / ;  fowl-market. 

tPollero,  Pullero  ;;/.;=  Puledro,  colt. 

*  Pollezzplay; ;  i.  tip  of  a  young  shoot,     ii.  young 
rape-plant,     iii.    Aver  uua  —  di  dietro,   to  have  a 
prejudice. 

Pbllice  m.  (L.) ;  i.  thumb  or  big 
toe.  2.  inch. 


*Pollicino  m.;  —  Pulcino,  chicken. 

Pollicitazidne/  (L.,<pol=por='E.. 
for,  and  liceri,  to  offer,  orig.  a  bid  at 
auction) ;  (leg.)  an  offer  not  accepted 
and  therefore  not  binding. 

Pollina  / ;  droppings  of  fowls. 

*Pollinaro  ///. ;    i.  =  Pollaiuolo.     ii.   cleaner  uf 
cesspools. 

P6!line  m.  (L.  pollen,  fine  (lour)  ;  (bat.)  pollen. 
*  Pol!inella/;;=  Forunculo,  boil. 

Pollfn-o  m.  (A)  (It.  polio) ;  chicken. 
Pidocchi  -i,  or  simply  -i,  poultry  lice. 
+  turkey. 

(B)  (It.  polla) ;  i.  swamp,  bog. 
2.  floating  island. 

Pollissena  ;  Polyxena,  the  daughter  of  Priam. 

P6U1-0  m.  (L.  pullns,  root  pom; 
young,  v.  Pube  and  Putto)  ;  i.  fowl. 

2.  --  d'  India,  i.q.  Tacchino,  turkey. 

3.  -  -    sultano,   (a)   a    genus   of  rails, 
Porphyrio,   (b)  =  Gallinella,   water-rail. 

4.  Andar  a  far  -i,  to  steal.    5.  Conoscere 
i  suoi  -i,  to  know  one's  way  about,  know 
with  whom  one  has  to  deal.     6.  Eccolo 
il  contadin  co'  -i,  said  on  the  arrival  of 
an  unexpected  person.    7.  Esser  un  — , 
in  play,  to  be  easily  cheated.     8.   Fitto 
di  -i,  presents  of  a  tenant  farmer  to  his 
landlord,  usu.  Patti,  v.  Patto,  sub  fin. 
9.    Esser   un   --   freddo,  to   be   timid, 
spiritless  ;  Un  buon  — ,  credulous  per- 
son,    io.    Esser  come  i  -i  di  mercato, 
to  be  mixed,  some  good  and  some  bad. 
ii.   Stare  a  —  pesto,  to  be  very  ill,  v. 
Pestare  (3).     12.  Piede  di  — ,  (a)  (hot.) 
woolly    man's    beard-grass,    v.     Piede 
(18,  p),  (b)  (mar.)  wall  knot,  v.  Piede 
(ig,c).    13.  Pin  co' -i,  an  answer  instead 
of  giving  one's  name  to  the  question 
Who  is  there?     14.  Chi  ha  -i  ha  pipite, 
if  you  keep  fowls  you  will  have  the  pip 
among  them,  i.e.  there  is  nothing  with- 
out its  drawbacks. 

*i.  Portare  i  -i,  to  be  a  go-between,  ii.  Andarc 
a  guardare  i  -i  al  prete,  to  die. 

*  Pollolare.  Pollonare  ;  -  Pullulare. 
Pollonc-ello,  -ino  tn.\  dim.  Pollone. 

Poll6n-e  111. ;  shoot  of  a  plant  after 
being  cut  down.  Falsi  -i,  shoots  from 
the  bark  instead  of  the  graft,  v.  Buccia. 

Pollon^to  in. ;  i .  a  plot  of  sets  or 
cuttings.  2.  underwood  grown  to  be 
cut  for  stakes. 

Polluccio  m.\  dim.  spreg.  Polio. 
Poll-uto(L.,  v.  Skeat);  polluted,     ^^-uzione. 

*  Polluzzoia_/C;  — Rampollo,  shoot. 
*Polmentario  m.;  a  narrow-mouthed  vessel. 

*  Polmento  in. ;   i.  =  Pietanza,  helping  of  meat, 
ii.  =Minestra,  soup. 

Polmonare  ;  pulmonary. 

Polrnonaria^  \(bot)  i.  lung-wort,  Pitlmonaria. 

2,  —  romana,  =  Cerinta,  honey-wort.     *v.   Pulmon- 
aria. 

Polmonati  in.  pi.;  a  family  of  snails. 

Polm6n-e  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  nvev^iav, 
Ionic  n\fufia>v,  <  Tri/e'w,  to  breathe)  ; 
i.  lung.  2.  --  di  mare,  a  species  of 
jelly-fish,  also  termed  Potta  di  mare. 

3.  (hot.)  —  di  bue,  hare's  ear,  Bupleuritiit 
rotondifolium. 

Aff.  -cello  -cino  dims.,  -ia  or  -Tte  pneumonia. 

P61o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  mi  Pole);  pole  of  the 
earth's  axis  or  of  a  magnet,  etc. 

*i.  country,  ii.  hemisphere,  iii.  =Cielo.  iv.  !>;in>- 
dise.  v.  pole-star. 

Pol6nico ;  Polish. 

Poloro  ;«. ;  — Smergo  maggiore,  goosander. 


P61pa/  (L.  pulpa,  flesh)  ;   i.  flesh. 
2.  calf  of  the  leg  or  corresponding  part 
of  a  boot.     3.    pulp  of  fruit.     4.    jam, 
esp.  of  tamarinds. 
*  Polpaccia  f- ;  =  Polpetta. 

Polpaccio  m. ;  I.  calf  of  the  leg. 
2.  =  Polpastrello. 

Polpacciblo  m. ;  i.  =  Polpastrello. 
2.  piece  of  meat.  3.  big  bundle. 

Polpacci6ne  m. ;  spreg.  big  book. 
Polpacciuto  ;  with  big  calves. 

tPolpare;  to  swell  (said  of  hot  chestnuts  placed 
to  soften  under  a  cloth). 

Pplpastrfcllo  m. ;  pulp  at  the  tip  of 
the  finger  or  thumb.  -  della  mano, 
fleshy  part  of  the  base  of  the  thumb. 

Polp^tt-a  /.  ;  i.  meat-ball.  2. 
poisoned  (bod.  3.  fig.  scolding.  Aff. 
-fna  dim. 

Polpett6n-e  /«.,  -a  /. ;  i.  augm. 
Polpetta.  2.  fig.  =  Poltrona,  lazy  wo- 
man. 3.  great  lump  of  a  book  (of  poor 
quality).  4.  (Avere)  un  —  da  uno,  a 
severe  rebuke. 

Pdlpo  ///.  ;  i.  octopus.  2.  (niitr.) 
upper  hinge  of  the  rudder. 

Polp6so  ;  pulpy. 

Polputo  ;  fleshy.  *rich  (soil),  strong 
(wine). 

Polsatura  /  ;  (mar.)  size  of  a  cable 
as  gauged  by  its  circumference. 

*  Polseggiare  ;  to  heave,  in  breathing. 
Polsino  m. ;  wristband. 

Polsista  w. ;  (Medico)  — ,good  judgeofapulsi-. 

Polso  in.  (L.  pulsus,  part,  of  pellerc, 
to  push)  ;  i.  wrist.  2.  pulse.  3.  fig. 
force,  energy.  4.  joint  of  meat  off  the 
flank. 

*i.  =  Annilla,    bracelet.      ii.    Tuccare    il    —    al 
Governo,  to  take  a  share  in  the  government. 
*Polta/.;  =  Polenda. 

Poltlgli-a  /  (L.  pill tinda,  dim.  of 
puts,  put t is,  pap)  ;  I.  pulp  of  pressed 
olives.  2.  slush  of  any  kind,  esp.  that 
resulting  from  sawing  marble.  Aff. 
-oso. 

Pdltra;  i.  m.  =  Poltrone.  2.  /  = 
Gamba,  leg. 

•Poltracchio  in. ;  i.  =  Puledro.  colt.  ii.  young 
sucking  ass. 

tPoltricchio  w.;  =  Pohiglia,  slush. 
*Poltriccio  m. ;  uncomfortable  bed. 
tPoltrigno  w.;=Poltiglia,  slush. 

Poltr-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  lie  in  bed 
from  laziness. 

•Poltro  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  bolster,  <  Germanic 
root  belg,  to  swell,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Bolster) ;  bed.  As 
adj.,  lazy. 

(B)  (variant  of  Puledro) ;  unbroken  colt. 

Poltrdna  f.  ;  easy-chair.  *  loose 
woman. 

Poltron-accio,  -accia^r  ,  -aggine,  7'.  -e. 
Poltron-cellayl;  dim.  -a,  lazy.     *.iV/.v.  -a  (.•) 
Poltroncello  m. ;  dim.  Poltrone,  lazy. 
Poltroncinay. ;  dim.  Poltrona,  easy-chair. 
Poltronci6nayl;  augm.  Poltrona,  easy-chair. 

Poltr6n-e  (It.  poltro) ;  i.  lazy. 
2.  cowardly.  3.  of  a  ship,  slow,  diffi- 
cult to  manoeuvre.  *person  of  humble 
rank. 

Aff.  -eggiare  ind.  -eggio,  -eria,  -escam<:!i 
''Poltronier-e,  -o  /«.;=Paltoniere,  beggar. 


POLTRUCCIO— PONTO 


Poltrucci-o  /«.,  -ay;;=Pulcdruccio,  colt. 
t  Polume  w.;  =  Ventolacchio,  chest  nut  -shells. 
P61ve_/:;  poft.  for  Polvere. 

*  Polvento  ;  A  —  ,  sheltered  from  the  wind. 
Polvcraccio  ;«.  ;  i.  cloud  of  dust.    2.  pulverised 

manure. 

*  Pol  veraia  f.  ;  =  Polverio,  dusty  atmosphere. 
Polveraio  ;  dust-raising. 

*  Polverata  f.  ;  =  Polverio,  dusiy  atmosphere. 

Pdlvere/  (L.  puhns>  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pulverise)  ;  dust,  powder. 

Polveriera  f.\    gunpowder-mill  or 

store. 

Polverificio  »/.;  gunpowder-mill. 
Polverinay!;  (me<1.)  powder.     *  =  Polverio. 

*  Pol  verinaio  m.  ;  =  Polverino  (2). 

Polverlno  ;;/.;  i.  sand  for  sprinkling 
over  writing  instead  of  using  blotting- 
paper.  2.  sand-box.  3.  coal-dust.  4.  a 
special  ash  imported  from  the  Levant 
and  used  in  making  glass.  5.  priming- 
powder  used  for  firing  the  old  match- 
locks, etc. 

*i.  =Orologio  a  pulvere,  hour-glass,  ii.  resting- 
place  for  cattle  during  the  heat  of  the  day. 

Polverio  m.  ;  cloud  of  dust. 

Polverista  m.  ;  (w«V.)  powder-maker. 
Polverizz-are  ;    to    pulverise.      Aff.     -abile, 
•amento,  -atore,  -azione. 

Polver-6ne  m.  ;  great  cloud  of  dust. 
-6so  ;  dusty,  -uldnto  ;  in  the  form  of 
dust,  -ume  ;«.  ;  quantity  of  dust. 

*  Polviglio    m.  ;    i.    gunpowder,      ii.     cosmetic 

powder,     iii.   snuff,     iv.    small  cushion  stuffed  with 
scented  herbs. 

*Polvino  m.  (L.  ftilvinns,  cushion)  ;  i.  fine 
downy  feathers,  ii.  small  soft  cushion. 

Polvischio,  Polviscolo  /;/.  ;  dim. 
Polvere,  fine  dust. 

*Polzellay:;=Pulcella,  girl. 

*Poma  f.\  i.  =Pomo,  apple;  -granata,  =  Mela- 
grana,  pomegranate;  -rancia,  =Melarancia,  orange. 
ii.  —  piatta,  hide-and-seek. 

Pomdrio  ;//.  ;  fruit-garden. 

PomAta/  (It.  porno,  because  orig. 
made  with  apples,  as  a  lip-salve)  ;  po- 
made. 

Pomat-0  ;  i.  planted  with  apple- 
trees.  2.  (herald.)  Croce  -a,  cross  with 
round  spots  like  apples  at  the  end  of 
each  branch.  *=Pomellato. 

f  Pomba  f.  ;  =  Bomba,  prisoner's  base. 

*  Pome  m.  ;  i.  =  Porno,  apple-tree,  or  sword-hilt. 
ii.    a    Florentine   game   played  between   two  sides. 
iii.  —  ,  or  Batlo  del  —  ,  an  old  country-dance,     iv.  a 
game  resembling  Toccapome.    v.  =  Vicario  or  Sinis- 
calco,  deputy,  substitute,     vi.  affair. 

t  Pomegare  ;=  Pomiciare. 

*  Pomefia  ;  greenish  yellow. 

Pomellato  (It.  pomello,  from  the 
rounded  shape  of  the  spots)  ;  dappled. 

*  Pomello  m,\  i.  dim.  Porno,     ii.  prominence. 

P<5mer-e,  -o  m.  ;  yapping  poodle. 
t  =  Melo. 

Pomeridiano  (L.)  ;  of  the  afternoon. 
Pomeriggio  m.  ;  afternoon. 

Pomerjnow.;  i.q.  Pomere. 
Pomerio  m.  (L.);  open  space  skirting  the  walls 
of  a  town  and  devoted  to  religious  uses. 
P6mero  ;  7'.  Pomere. 


Pome*to 


Pomario,  fruit-garden. 


Pomfdlicc  f.  (variant  of  Pomfolige)  ;  (nted.) 
pemphigus. 

Pomfdlige  (Ponfolige)/  (Or.  n-o^dAv£,  water- 
bubble)  ;  philosopher's  woof,  a  fluffy  oxide  of  zinc. 

P6mice  /  (L.,  akin  to  spnma,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Foam)  ;  pumice. 

Pomiciare  /«//.  pomicio  ;  to  rub  with  pumice. 


Pomici6so  ;  i.  like  pumice.  2.  covered  with 
pumice. 

Pomicultura  y! ;  fruit-growing. 
Pomiddro ;  ?'.  Pomodoro. 
*Pomiere  m.\—  Pomario,  fruit-garden. 

Pomlfero  ;  fruit-bearing. 

Pomino  ;  a  place  in  Tuscany  noted  for  its  wine, 
t  Pommdnte  /«.;  district  behind  the  hill. 

P6mo  m.  ;  i.  fruit  or  fruit-tree. 
2.  -granato,  =  Melagrano,  pomegranate- 
tree.  3.  —  imperia!e,  =  Lazzerolo,  Nea- 
politan medlar.  4.  —  di  meraviglia, 
balsam  apple,  Momordica  balsamina. 

5,  —  d'  Adamo,  (a)  banana-tree,  (b)  a 
kind  of  pickled  fruit,  (c)  (anal.)  Adam's- 
apple,  the  thyroid  cartilage  of  the  throat. 

6.  fig.    (poet.)   happiness.      7.    in  pi., 
breasts.     8.   any  rounded  prominence, 
such  as  the  hilt  of  a  sword,  knob  of  a 
stick,  etc. ;  —  da  inaffiatoio,  rose  for  a 
watering-pot;  (mar.)  —  d'albero,  mast- 
head truck. 

*i.  — di  gtano,  =  Melagrauo,  pomegranate,  ii.  — 
di  terra,  sweet  potato ;  in  some  dialects,  potato, 
iii.  —  punico,  ^Melagrano.  iv.  —  rancio,  =  Mela- 
rancio,  orange-tree. 

Pomod6ro,  Pomidfcro  m.  (lit.  apple 
of  gold) ;  tomato,  Lycopersicum. 

Pomogranato  ;;/.  ;  =  Melagrano, 
pomegranate. 

Pomolog-ia  f.\  treatise  on  fruit.    Aff.  -ico. 

Pom6nay^;  i.  the  goddess.  2.  book  upon  the 
fruit  of  a  district. 

tPom6nte/«. ;  i.q.  Pommonte. 

P6mpa  f.  (A)  (L.,<Gr.  iropirij,  procession); 
pornp.  Far  —  di,  to  display,  to  parade. 

(B)(Fr.  fonipe,  r».  Skeat,  sub  Pump);  i..  pump. 
2.  (ntus.)  piston  of  a  cornet-a-piston.  3.  in  /*/., 
sc/ierz.  high  boots. 

(C)  —  di  Genova,  v.  Pompelmo. 

Pompadura  f.\  (bot.*)—  Calicanto  americano, 
Carolina  allspice. 

Pomp-are  ind.  pompo ;  to  pump.  Aff.  -ata 
pumping,  -atfna  dim. 

Pompeggi-are  ind.  pompeggio;  i.  to 
make  a  parade,  -arsi  :  2.  to  deck  one- 
self out.  3.  =  Scialare,  to  feast. 

Pompelmo (<  native  name  bambolmast  through 
Fr.  pamj>lcmousse)',  Arancio  — ,  shaddock,  Citrus 
tifcnmanat  also  termed  Pompa  di  Genova. 

Pomptere  ///.  (Vr.  pompier) ;  fireman. 

Pimpilo  w.  (L.,<Gr.  jrojun-t'Aos):  i.  pilot-fish, 
Naitcrates  due  tor.  2.  a  genus  of  hymenopterous 
insects. 

Pdmpis  ;  (Stare)  in  — ,  in  luxury. 

Pompos-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  as  E. 

Ponca  /.;  punkah,  a  Hindostanee 
word,  meaning  "fan." 

P6nc-e  ;//.  (<  Engl.,  <  Hindostanee, 
<Sanskr. ;  Hind.  /rt«c/2  =  Sanskr.  pan- 
cha,  five,  from  the  five  ingredients,  spirit, 
water,  lemon-juice,  sugar,  spice,  which 
make  up  the  beverage,  introduced  from 
India  in  the  seventeenth  century);  rum- 
punch.  —  amabile,  weak.  —  bianco, 
with  cognac  instead  of  rum.  —  rosso, 
with  cochineal.  -  turco,  with  coffee. 
Aff.  -ettino,  -fno  dims. 

P6ncio  m.  (Span,  poncho,  lazy)  ; 
poncho,  a  blanket  with  a  hole  in  the 
middle  for  the  head,  used  in  S.  America 
as  a  cloak. 

*  Pondare  ;  =  Gravare,  to  burden. 

Ponderabil-e(L.);  calculable.     Aff.  -ha. 

Ponder-are  ind.  pondero(L.);  to  ponder.  Aff. 
-atamente,  -at^z/a  habitual  caution,  -attire,  -atrice, 
•azirtne. 

P6ndi  m.  pi.  (L.  pondus,  weight)  ; 
Mai  dei  — ,  so  named  from  the  dragging 
pain  in  the  bowel,  dysentery. 


Pondi'nayi;  or  Krba  da  pondi ;  any  herb  used 
in  dysentery. 

Pondio  nt.\  feeling  of  weight  in  the  bowel, 
characteristic  of  dysentery. 

*Pondo  m.  (L.);  i.  weight,  jSgf.  importance; 
Portar — ,  to  be  weighty,  ii.  Jig.  burden,  infliction, 
iii.  pound  (weight),  iv.  ruin  ;  Sconfisse  la  Chiesa 
con  gran  — ,  he  brought  great  ruin  upon  the  Church. 
v.  Mai  del  — ,  v.  Pondi. 

Pon&nte  m. ;  west. 

*  Ponentello  ;«.;  light  west-wind. 
Ponese  ;  v.  Penese. 

*Ponfolige;  v.  Pomfolige. 
Ponimento  nt.\  placing.     * —  del  sole,  sunset. 
Poni61o  «/.;  (bof.)  a  species  of  onion,  A  Ilium 
bicorne, 

Ponit6ra_/C;  (papertn.)  a  board  on  which  the 
damp  sheets  are  hung. 

Ponit6re  m.\  workman  who  hangs  the  sheets 
on  the  Ponitora. 

*Ponn6se;  v.  Penese. 

*  Ponsare  ;  — Ponzare,  to  strain. 

Pons6  (Fr.  ponceau,  v.  Ponzino)  ; 
bright  red. 

P6nta/;  i.  =  Punta.     2.  =  I)untello. 

Pontaio  m.  \  i.  scaffold-builder. 
2.  toll-collector  on  a  bridge. 

Pontanastri  vt. ;  marker,  v.  Bruco  (2). 
Pontaniano ;    of   Pontano,   a    Latmist,    isth 
century. 

tPontapiS  ;«.;=Pedagna,  stretcher. 

*  Pontare ;  i.  ///.  to  direct  the  point  of  a  spear, 
Jig.  to  spur  the  mind,  D.  Par.  4.  26.     ii.  to  thrust 
against ;    I!  tristo  buco  Sopra  il  qual  pontan  tutte 
1*  altre   rocce,  the   gloomy  depth   whereon   all   the 
other  rocks  have  their  bearing,  D.  Inf.  32.  3.     iii.  = 
Ponzare,  to  strain. 

tPontariol  m.\    \.    spile,  if.   Spillo. 

ii.  =  Punteruo!o. 

Pontata  f. ;  i.  space  of  walling 
which  the  builder  can  put  up,  or  the 
plasterer  can  plaster  and  so  on,  from  a 

given  stage  of  the  scaffolding.    2.  (mar) 
deck  cargo. 

Pdnte  w.  (L.  pons  ;  the  orig.  mean- 
ing was  gangway,  cp.  Gr.  Trdi/ros-,  sea, 
regarded  as  a  pathway,  n-aroy,  tread) ; 
i.  bridge.  2.  stage,  e.g.  of  a  scaffolding ; 
—  galleggiante,  floating  stage.  3.  bridge 
at  billiards,  as  in  E.,  i.e.  the  left  hand. 
4.  (mar.)  deck,  5.  =  Avanzamento,  wharf, 
pier  running  out  into  the  water.  6.  Ri- 
maner  in  — ,  to  be  left  half-finished  ; 
Tenere  in  — ,  to  keep  in  suspense ;  Far 
passare  uno  sotto  un  —  di  legno,  i.e.  to 
JDeat  him. 

Ponti  ;  (.geogr.)  Ponthieu,  a  former  district  of 
France,  of  which  Abbeville  was  the  capital. 

Pont<§fice  ///.  (L.,  the  orig.  meaning 
was  path-maker,  it.  Pons ;  it  is  not 
known  how  it  came  to  mean  priest)  ; 
i.  high-priest.  2.  Pope. 

tPontello  m. ;  i.  =  Puntello,  prop.  ii.  leg  of  a 
table. 

Ponticfello  m.\  i.  dim.  Ponte.  2.  bridge  of 
a  violin.  3.  bow  of  a  sword-hilt.  4.  —  del  guarda- 
mano,  trigger-guard. 

Ponticino  »«. ;  at  billiards,  rest. 

*  Pontico  ;  sharp,  sour. 

Pontificate  ;  i.  pontifical;  Caso  — ,  matter  to 
be  determined  by  the  Pope.  2.  as  sb.t  initiation 
ceremony  of  an  ancient  Roman  pontifex.  3.  (eccl.) 
prayer  and  ceremonial  book  of  a  bishop  compiled  by 
Clement  VIII.  4.  ceremony  performed  in  pontifical 
robes. 

Pontific-almente  ;  in  pontifical  robes,  -are; 
to  celebrate  a  function  in  pontifical  robes,  -ato  ; 
pontificate. 

Pontiflcio ;  papal. 
tPontile  »/.;  at  Venice,  landing-stage. 

Pontln-o  ;  Paludl  -i,  Pomptine  marshes. 

Pbnto  m.  (L.) ;  sea.  —  Eusino,  the 
Black  Sea.  Lettere  dal  — ,  Ovid's 
Epistles. 

57—2 


452 


PONTO— PORGERE 


tPonto  w.  ;=Punto,  moment. 
*Pontoio  m.;  outlet. 
*Pontonaio  m.\  bridge-warder. 

Pont6ne  m.  (L.,  <  Celtic  sources,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Pontoon) ;  (mil.)  transport- 
barge,  pontoon.  -  a  biga  per  alber- 
are,  sheer-hulk,  hulk  with  a  crane  for 
stepping  -  masts,  etc.  Pontone  -  biga, 
sheer-pontoon. 

*  Pontuale  ttt. ;  (»mr.)=Dormiente,  shelf. 

*  Pontura  ;  v.  Puntura. 

Ponz-are  ind.  ponzo  (Ponsare)  (bit. 
punclare,  intens.  of  pungere,  through 
**puntiare,  to  exert  force  towards  a 
given  point,  cp.  Span,  punzar,  Catalan 
punxar,  to  sting);  to  strain,  esp.  of 
women  in  child-birth.  Also  fig.  of 
literary  effort.  Aff.  -ame"nto,  -atura. 

Ponzinay^;  in  the  prtrv.  Non  e  si  piccola  — 
che  di  marzo  non  sia  gallina,  where  —  appears  to  be 
merely  a  familiar  word  for  chicken.  By  its  form  one 
would  refer  it  to  Ponzare,  so  that  lit.  it  would  be 
egg-layer. 

Ponzfno  (L.  puniccits,  red,  through  a  dim. 
** punicinus,  cp.  Fr.  ponceau.  Akin  to  Gr.  <j>oii'iK«K, 
which  had  reference  to  the  colour  of  a  date  in  its  red 
stage,  <  ^otpif,  date-palm  or  date) ;  Limone  — ,  a 
reddish  variety  of  lemon. 

*  Ponzd  ;  v.  Ponso. 

Popa  m.  (A)  (L.  popa);  (archae.)  sacrificial 
assistant.  *(B)(L. /«/>«,/  of  pupus,  boy)  ;  doll. 

*  Popata  f.\  variant  of  Popa,  doll. 
tPope  in. ;  (mar.)=-  Poppa,  stern. 

*  Popina  f.   (L.)  ;  (archae.)   cook-shop.     *  dim. 
of  Popa. 

*Popinone  ;«.;  =  Ghiottone,  glutton. 

P6plit-e  m.  (L.);  (anal.)  ham,  back  of  the 
knee.  Aff.  -eo. 

Popol-accio  pegg.',  -ano  sb.  or  adj.',  i.  in- 
habitant. 2.  parishioner.  3.  popular,  as  opposed 
to  aristocratic;  -are  adj.  or  vb. ;  -arescamente; 
-aresco  vulgar,  low ;  -arita;  -azicme;  -itto  dim. 
vesz.  ;  v.  -o. 

Popolino  m. ;  I.  a  small  silver  coin 
formerly  in  use,  worth  rather  over  a 
penny.  2.  dim.  spreg.  Popolo,  with  an 
idea  of  stupidity ;  II  -  -  ingrassa  il 
Governo  collo  stupido  giuoco  del  lotto, 
the  lower  orders  are  silly  enough  to 
enrich  the  Government  by  playing  in 
the  public  lotteries. 

P6pol-o  m.  (L.  fopulus,  =  **  po-pel-os,  a  re- 
duplication from  a  root  pel,  to  fill,  cp.  Gr.  iroAus, 
L.  plus,  E.  folk,  and  other  remotely  cognate  words, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Folk,  Full,  Plebeian,  Plenary)  ;  people. 
*  =  Pioppo,  poplar.  Aff.  -oso,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Poponaceo  m.  ;=Opoponaco. 

Popon-aia/ ;  melon-bed,  -aio  m. ; 
scherz.  melon-seller,  -clno  m. ;  dim.  of 
-e.  -e  m. ;  melon.  Elym.  L.  pepo,  v. 
Skeat,  suit  Pumpion. 

T)cpon611ayi;  i.  half-ripe,  tasteless 
melon.     2.  Jig.  duffer. 
*  Poponessa  f. ;  =  Poponella. 

P6pp-a  /  (A)  — ,  (Puppa)  (etym. 
dub.  \>\\iprob.  imit.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pap) ; 
female  breast ;  fig.  delicious  piece  of 
luck.  Far  — ,  of  a  walk,  to  bulge,  -e  di 
Venere,  a  variety  of  peach. 

(B)  (L.puppis,  perhaps<Gr.  eVwirr), 
place  of  observation,  <  fir  I,  dty,  face)  ; 
(mar.)  poop.  Avere  il  vento  in  —  ,fig. 
to  have  a  favourable  wind.  La  gli  e 
ita  in  — ,  all  went  well  with  him. 

Poppaccia  f.;ptgg.  Poppa. 
t  Poppada /.',=  Bambola,  rag-doll. 
Poppai61a  /.  ;  cup  for  artificial  lactation. 

Poppaidne  m. ;  over-luxuriant  shoot ; 
as  it  were  one  that  sucks  all  the  nourish- 
ment from  the  rest  of  the  plant. 

*  Poppamillesimi  m.  ;  searcher  of  old  archives. 


Poppare     ind.     p6ppo     (Puppare)  ; 

1.  to  suck,  or  to  suck  up,  as  a  sponge. 

2.  Di    questo  non   se  ne  poppa,  it   is 
most  excellent,  lit.  it   is  not   such   as 
may  be  sucked  (every  day).     Similarly, 
Senti  com'  e'  poppa   il   sor   Giovanni, 
look   how  old   John   is  sucking   (that) 
down ! 

*—  lo  steeco,  a  forfeit  consisting  in  drawing  a  peg 
out  of  the  ground  with  one's  teeth,  hence,  generally, 
to  pay  the  forfeit,  to  lose. 

Poppat-a  /  ;  suck.     Aff.  -ma  dim. 

Poppatolo  m. ;  i.  artificial  nipple, 
where  the  nipples  are  imperfect,  or 
nipple  to  be  used  with  a  feeding-bottle. 
2.  bent  glass  tube  for  drawing  the  oil 
off  the  wine  in  an  Italian  wine-bottle. 

Poppat6r-e  m.t  -*./.;  v.  Poppare. 
•Poppattola/^Puppattola,  doll. 

Poppavia;  (mar.)  A  —  di,  abaft. 

*  Poppazzo  m. ;=  Fantoccio,  puppet. 

*  Popp-e./;  =  Poppa,  poop.     Aff.  -ellma  dim. 
Poppese  m. ;  (mar.)  stern-fast,  after-rope,  v. 

Provese. 

Poppi6r-e  ill. ;  (mar.)  I.  Nave  -a, 
ship  next  astern,  v.  Prodiere.  2.  as  sb., 
sternmost  rower  (or  gondolier). 

Poppfn-a/;  i.  dim.  Poppa.  2.= 
Escrescenza  de"  poppaioni.  3.  eye, 
budding-point.  4.  as  adj.,  (Pere)  -e, 
nearly  spherical. 

*  Poppola  f. ',  =  Poppa. 

t  Poppolina  f. ;  -  Poppina  (3). 
Poppona/!;  atigin.  Poppa. 
Popp6ne  m. ;  augtn.  from  Poppare. 
PoppucciayC;  aim.  spreg.  Poppa. 

Popputa  ;  with  large  breasts. 

*  Populeo  adj.;  of  poplar. 

Populedne  m. ;  (pharm.)  a  certain  dressing  for 
burns,  etc.,  prepared  with  gum  from  the  poplar. 

Populfna  / ;  (pharm.)  extract  of 
poplar  bark  and  leaves. 

Por' ;  apocope  of  Porta. 

Porare  ind.  poro  ;  to  pass  through  the  pores. 

*  Poratello  in. ;  dint.  Poro. 

Pbrca/  (A)  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fur- 
row) ;  i.  ridge  between  two  furrows. 
2.  (mar.)  i.q.  Costame  interne,  rider,  a 
strong  plate  for  strengthening  a  frame, 
esp.  knee-rider. 

(B) ;  scherz.  for  Troia,  sow.  *some 
sea-animal. 

Porcacchia  f.\  (hot.)  i.  —  coltivata,  garden- 
purslane,  v.  Erba  (58).  3.  —  de'  fossi,  water- 
purslane,  Isnardia  paluslris.  3.  —  arborea,  tree- 
purslane,  Portulaca  frvticosa. 

Porc-acchi6ne,  -acchiblo  milder  forms  of 
-accione,  -acciolo,  -acciaccio  pegg.  of  -accio,  -accio 
pegg.,  -acciolo  dim.  sprtg.,  -accione  or  -accidna 
aitgm.  pegg. ',  all  the  preceding  words  are  from  Porco 
in  Jig.  sense  of  dirty  child,  -aio  i.  keeper  of  pigs. 
2.  pigsty  in  fig.  sense,  or  dirty  job,  -arnente  adv., 
-areccia  large  pigsty  or  pig-establishment,  -aro  = 
-aio,  -astro  young  pig,  -astr6ne  attgtn.  of -astro. 

Porcella  f.;  i.  young  sow.  2.  helmet  shellj 
Buccinnm  galect,  locally  termed  Bullo  grande  dl 
mare,  Botte  scannellata,  Morione. 

Porcellan-a  f.  (A)  (L.  porciiaca,*  variant  of 
portulaca.,  of  unknown  origin);  (bot)  i.  —  amara, 
outer  candytuft,  Iberis  amara,  also  termed  Raspo 
amaro.  2.  —  annua,  garden-candytuft,  Iberis  urn- 
bellata,  also  termed  Raspo  annuo  di  Greta.  3.  — 
greca,  false  orpine,  Attdracftrtf  teltphioides.  4.  — 
lattaria,  =  Catapuzia  minima,  least  spurge.  5.  — 
minore,  evergreen  candytuft,  Iberis  stmpervirens, 
also  termed  Raspo  sempre  verde.  6.  —  sempre 
fiorita,  shrubby  candytuft,  Iberis  sempfrflorens,  v. 
Fiore  (16,  xl).  7.  Star  terra  terra  come  la  — ,  or 
*Esser  ^,  to  be  always  crouched  on  the  ground  as 
is  the  candytuft's  habit  of  growth. 

(B);  i.  porcelain,  or  porcelain  coffee-cup. 
2.  Venus  shell,  Cypraea.  3.  highly-glazed  paper, 


porcelain   paper.     4.   (vet.)  of  a  horse's   coat,  grey 
with  spots  of  dark  blue. 

Etym.  The  term  was  first  given  to  the  shell 
from  tile  curved  shape  of  its  upper  surface  like  a  pig's 
back,  and  transferred  to  the  earthenware  from  the 
resemblance  of  its  polish  to  that  of  the  shell. 

Aff.  -ico  adj.,  -ite  (»/;«.)  as  E. 
t  Porcelleria  f. ;  =  Porcheria. 

Porcell-£tto  m.t  -ettayl;  dim.  of -o,  -a. 

Porcellina  f. ;  i.  a  genus  of  fossil-shells. 
2.  (hot.)  Virginian  papaw,  custard-apple,  Ationa 
triloba. 

Porcellinaccio  m.;  pegg.  Porcellino. 

Porcellfn-0  m. ;  i.  dim.  Porcello. 
2.  --  d'  India,  guinea-pig,  Cavia  co- 
baya.  3.  terrestre,  wood-louse. 

tFare  i  -i,  to  vomit. 

Porcfill-o  m. ;  dim.  Porco.     -6ne,   -otto  m. ; 
augms.  of  -o  in  fig.  and  ///.  senses  respectively. 
Porcherecciay^;  i.q.  Porcareccia. 
Porchereccio  ;  belonging  to  pigs. 

Porcheria  f. ;  i.  dirty  mess.  2.  filthy 
trick,  whether  lit.  or  such  as  the  damage 
done  by  a  hailstorm. 

Porcheri61a  f. ;  dim.  Porcheria. 
Porchetta  f.  ;    i.  =  Porcelletta.     i.    stuffed 
sucking-pig. 

Porchettdlo  m.;  i.a.  Porcello. 
Porciglione  «.;  (ornith.)  rail,  v.  Gallinella. 

Porcile  m. ;  pigsty. 

Porcino  ;  i.  of  pigs.  2.  Fungo — , 
mushroom,  Agaricus  campestris.  3.  a 
name  for  certain  varieties  of  pear  and 
plum.  4.  (tot.)  Pan  — ,  cyclamen. 

P6rc-0  pi.  porci  m.  (L.) ;  i.  pig  ; 
Aspettar  il  --  alia  ghianda,  or  alia 
guercia,  i.e.  to  wait  tor  a  favourable 
opportunity  ;  Pigliar  il  — ,  vulg.  to  go 
away  ;  Malattia  del  — ,  disease  due  to 
debauchery.  2.  Pie  di  — ,  jemmy. 
3.  --  spino,  (a)  hedgehog,  (b)  porcu- 
pine. 4.  Pesce  — ,  porpoise,  Phocaena. 
5.  —  di  fiume,  capybara,  a  species  of 
guinea-pig.  6.  prov.  —  pulito  non  fu 
mai  grasso,  i.e.  wealth  is  never  gained 
honestly :  a  very  cynical  saw.  7.  as 
adj.,  piggish. 

Aff.  -ona  -one  augms.,  -onaccio  augfft.  pegg., 
•oncello  -oncelta  dims,  quasi-vezz.;  all  only  in  fig. 
sense  of  dirty  child. 

Porcospino  ;  v.  Porco  (3). 

PorcumeiH. ;  lot  of  dirt.    *  lot  of  pigs. 
t  Poressa  f. ;  female  hermit-crab,  v.  Porro  (B). 

Pbrfido  m. ;  porphyry,  a  hard  rock 
named  from  its  purple  colour.  (The 
word  is  Porfiro  in  early  writers,  prob. 
direct  from  Gr.  nopcftvpeos,  for  the  L. 
term  is  porphyrites.)  Gli  e  come  lee- 
care  il  — ,  i.e.  it  is  labour  thrown  away. 

Porfirico  ;  of  porphyry. 

Porfiridne  m.  (Gr.)  ;  (omith.)z  species  of  coot, 
Fttlica  porphyrion. 

P6rg-ere  per/,  porsi,  part,  porto  (L. 
porrigere,  <  porro,  forward,  regere,  to 
stretch,  v.  Reggere)  ;  i.  to  reach  out, 
to  give  ;  —  1'  orecchio,  to  listen  ;  Por- 
gimi  la  boccia,  hand  me  the  water- 
bottle  ;  Mi  porse  la  mano,  he  gave  me 
his  hand  ;  Te  1'  avevo  porto,  ma  tu  non 
P  hai  voluto,  1  would  have  given  it  to 
you,  but  you  would  not  take  it ;  Porsi 
la  mano  un  poco  avante,  I  stretched 
out  my  hand  a  little  ;  Le  porse  il  braccio, 
he  offered  her  his  arm  ;  Chi  move  te  se 
il  senso  non  ti  porge?  who  doth  move 
thee  if  sense  do  not  set  thee  forth?  i.e. 
if  the  impression  corresponds  to  no  ex- 
ternal object,  D.  Purg.  17.  16.  2.  to 
bring  (help,  comfort,  fear,  etc.).  3.  - 


PORIA— PORTATA 


453 


preghiere,  to  pray  ;  -  -  occasione,  to 
offer  an  opportunity.  4.  intr,  to  stick 
out ;  Cameretta  che  porge  verso  il  mare, 
room  projecting  towards  the  sea.  5.  of 
a  speaker,  —  bene,  to  bring  his  words 
out  well,  and  with  suitable  action,  to 
have  a  good  delivery.  Aff.  -ime'nto, 
-it<5re,  -itrice. 

*  Poria  ;=  Potrebbe,  v.  Potere. 
Porisma  in.  (Gr.  ffrfpiajna)  ;  corollary. 
Pornograf-ia,  -ico;  as  E. 

*  Pornostico    in.  ;    i.  —  Pronostico.     ii.  =  Rim- 
provero. 

P6r-0  ;//.  (mlt.,  <  Gr.  jropo?)  ;  pore. 
Aff.  -6so,  -osita. 

Pdrpora/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Purple) ; 
i.  purple.  2.  a  genus  of  shell-fishes, 
Purpura  or  Murex. 

Porporaio  in.;  one  who  carried  on  the  extinct 
art  of  extracting  a  purple  dye  from  the  mitrex. 
Porporato  ;  clothed  in  purple. 
Porporeggiare  ;  to  be  purplish. 
Porporinay^;  purple  colour. 
Porporfno ;  purplish. 

*  Porpresp  ;  v.  Propreso. 
*Porraccia/:;  =  Pantano,  swanjp. 

Porraccio  m.\  (tot.)  asphodel,  Asphodehis  ra- 
mosus. 

Porraceo  ;  of  the  colour  of  a  leek,  Porro. 

*  Porraia  f. ;  swampy  place. 

Porrai-o  ;  (&>/.)  Cipolla  -a,  a  variety  of  onion, 
A  Ilium  scnaenoprastttn. 

Porrandello  m.\  (tot.)  Levant  garlic,  Allium 
atnpeloprasum. 

Porrata  f.;  dish  of  pounded  leeks  and  other 
ingredients. 

*Porrazzo  «.;=  Porraccio. 

Pdrre,  sometimes  contracted  into 
For,  ind.  pongo  poni  p6ne  poniarno  or 
pop.  ponghii'uno  pondte  pongono,  perf. 
posi  ponesti  pose  pondmmo  pone'ste 
p6sero,  /«/.  porro,  imperat.  poni,  parts. 
ponendo,  ponente,  posto  (L.  ponere,  for 
**po-sinere,  <  **po,  =  Gr.  irpos,  sinere, 
to  place,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Position) ;  i.  to 
place,  to  put.  2.  to  suppos'e. 

*  Porreggere  ;  v.  Porgere. 

Porretta/!;  i.  =  Porro,  leek.  2.  a  disease  in 
horses. 

Porretto  in. ;  dim.  Porro. 

Porrina/;  i.  bulb  of  a  leek.  2.  seed- 
ling oak  or  chestnut ;  in  pi.,  chestnut 
underwood,  t  skin-eruption. 

Porrino  m. ;  dim.  Porro,  young  leek. 

P6rr-o  m.  (A)  (L.porrum) ;  i.  (bot.) 
leek,  Allium  porrum;  Mangiare  il  — 
dalla  coda,  i.e.  to  begin  a  thing  at  the 
wrong  end  ;  Cacciare  un  —  altrui,  or 
Cacciare  un  —  dietro  via,  to  deceive,  to 
make  a  person  have  the  worst  of  it,  to 
make  a  poor  return  for  kindness  ;  Pre- 
dicare  a'  -i,  prov.  to  waste  one's  breath  ; 
Una  buccia  di  — ,  i.e.  a  mere  nothing; 
also  iron,  as  an  expression  of  astonish- 
ment. 2.  wart  (in  this  sense  perhaps<  L. 
puter,  rotten).  (B)=Paguro,  crab. 

*  i.  fig .  trouble,  anxiety,     ii.   Dire  a  lino  il  padre 
del    — ,  =  Riprenderlo    alia    libera.    to    scold    him. 
iii.   Far  la  barba  a'  -i,  =  Predicare  a   -i.     iv.   Piantare 
or  Por  -i,  to  dawdle  over  a  thing. 

Porrofico  m. ;  venereal  wart. 

Porr6so  ;  warty. 

P6rt-a  /  (L.,  TJ.  Skeat,  sub  Port)  ; 
I.  gate,  door  ;  (geogr.)  -e  di  ferro,  the 
Iron  Gates  on  the  Danube.  2.  the 
Ottoman  Porte,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Porte. 

P6rta  m. ;  i.  bearer  of  the  bier  of 
the  Misericordia  to  assist  the  Fratelli, 
or  as  their  substitute.  2.  carrier  of 
heavy  furniture  from  the  shop  to  the 


house  ;  the  pi.  is  usu.  Porta  for  bearers 
of  a  bier,  but  Porti  for  the  carriers  of 
furniture. 

Porta-aguglidtti  in.  indecl.;  (mar.)  pintle- 
strap  of  a  rudder,  also  termed  Femminella  del 
timone. 

Porta-attre'zzi  m.  inded.  ;  tool- 
holder.  Porta-attrezzi  di  un  tornio, 
tool-rest  of  a  lathe. 

•Portabanda  m.  inded. :  =  Portabandiera. 
Portabandiera  ?«.  inded.;  flag-bearer. 
Portabile ;  portable. 

Portahiscdtto  ;//.  inded.  ;  (mar.) 
bread-chest. 

Portabiti  m. inded. ;  i.  portmanteau. 
2.  row  of  pegs. 

Portabraca  m.  inded.;  (artillery)  neck -ring. 
Portacannocchiale    m.     inded.  ;     telescope- 
collar. 

*  Portacappe  m.  m<zVr/.;=Portamentelli. 

Portacappdll-o,  -i  m.  inded. ;  hat- 
box. 

Portacart6cci  m.  inded. ;  -  Cartoc- 
cere,  cartridge-box. 

Portacasa  f.  inded. ;  snail. 

Portacaustico  m.  inded. ;  caustic-holder. 

Portacaviglie  m.  inded.;  (mar.)  rack  for  be- 
laying-pins.  —  intorno  all'  albero,  spider-hoop. 

Portaccia_/I;  pegg.  Porta. 

PortacolteHo  m.  inded.;  v.  Portascalpelli. 

Portacdrda  m.  indecl.;  rocket-apparatus  for 
throwing  a  line  to  a  wreck. 

Portacqua  m.  inded.  ;  =  Acquaiolo, 
water-bearer. 

Portaddlci  m.  indecl. ;  sweetmeat- 
holder. 

*  Portafacelle  m.  inded.;  torch-bearer. 
Portafanali  m.  inded. ;  v.  Reggifanali. 
Portafango  rn.  inded.;  dredger-barge. 

•Portafasci  in.  imtecl.\  =  Facchino,  porter. 
Portaferiti  m.  inded. ;  stretcher. 

Portaflammlferi  m.  inded. ;  match  - 
holder. 

Portafiaschi  m.  inded. ;  carrier  to 
hold  two  bottles. 

Portafiori  m.  indecl. ;  flower-holder. 

'Portafoglia  m.  inded.;  strewer  of  litter. 
Porta-f6glio,  -fogli  m.  indecl.;  portfolio. 
Portafumata   m.    inded.;    (mar.)   holder    for 
blue-lights. 

Portagioielli  m.  inded. ;  jewel-case. 

Portagrue  in.  indecl.;  (mar.)  cat-head  sup- 
porter. 

*  Portaguidone  m.  indecl.;  standard-bearer. 

Portalapis  m.  inded. ;  pencil-holder. 

Portalfettere  m.  inded.  ;=Postino, 
postman. 

Portalucernay;  indecl.;  phantom-ship,  flying 
Dutchman. 

Portalucignolo  «.t«ifc<:/.;=  Luminello,  touch- 


hole. 


(5). 


Portaman6vre  m.  indecl.;  (mar.)  v.  Pazienza 


Portamant-elli,  -ello  m.  inded. ; 
valise. 

Portamento  m. ;  i.  bearing,  be- 
haviour. 2.  (mus.)  management  of  the 
voice  or  the  fingers,  or  with  the  organ, 
of  the  feet. 

Portamiccia  m.  indecl. ;  linstock. 

Portamone'te  m.  indecl.  •  purse. 

Porta m6rso  m.  inded. ;  bit-strap. 

Portampolle  m.  inded. ;  =  Oliera, 
cruet-stand. 

Portamure  m.  indecl.;  (mar.)  =  Buttafuori, 
bumkin. 


Portante  ;  v.  Porlare  (7). 

Portantfna/ ;  carrying-chair,  litter. 

Portantfno  m.  ;  i.  litter-bearer. 
2.  in  glass-works,  servitor,  workman 
who  carries  the  molten  glass  from  the 
crucible  to  the  glass-blower. 

Portaorm^ggio  m.  indecl.;  mortar  for  throwing 
a  life-line. 

Portapad^lla  f.  •  supporter  of  the  handle  of  a 
Padella  when  it  is  on  the  fire. 

Portap^nne  ;«.  indecl. ;  pen-holder. 

Portapenn6ni  ;«.  indecl.;  (mar.)  stanchions 
for  the  lower  and  topsail  yards. 

*  Portapolli  in.  or  f.  indecl.;  go-between,  fowls 
having  been  a  usual  medium  of  payment. 

Portapranzi  m.  indecl.;  i.q.  Portavivande. 

Portaquaglie  m. ;  =  Nottolone,  night- 
jar. 

Port-are  ind.  p6rto  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Port,  no.  i) ;  i.  to  carry.  2.  quasi- 
fig.  11  signer  Provveditore  lo  -a  molto, 
the  school-Inspector  is  very  favourable 
to  him.  3.  Questa  strada  -a  alia  piazza 
del  Duomo,  this  street  goes  into  the 
Cathedral-square.  4.  —  bene  la  voce, 
to  bring  out  the  voice  well  in  singing. 
5.  to  adduce  (an  argument).  6.  (mar.) 
(a)  of  sails,  to  draw  ;  —  bene  (male)  le 
vele,  to  be  stiff  (crank)  under  sail;  Vela 
in  — ,  sail  which  is  drawing  ;  (b)  of  a 
current,  to  set. 

7.  The  pres.  part,  as  sb.  is  used  for 
a  horse's  amble.  Cavallo  che  va  ben 
di  -ante,  horse  with  an  easy  amble. 
Hence  8.  Prendere  il  -ante,  to  go  away, 
usu.  implying  a  feeling  of  dissatisfaction. 

The  past  part,  has  one  or  two  special 
senses.  9.  -ato  per  bocca,  ruined  in 
reputation.  10.  -ato  per,  or  a,  with  an 
inclination  for.  ii.  as  sb.,  v.  infra, 
Portato,  in  loco. 

*  Portareca,  *  Portarecchia  in.  (It.  portare  + 
recare) ;  miller's  man  who  fetched  the  grain  and 
took  back  the  flour ;  the  term  may  be  still  in  use  as 
two  words,  but  with  no  reference  to  milling ;   Fare 
il  porta  e  reca,  to  do  errands  of  fetching  and  carrying. 

Portaritratti  m.  inded.;  photograph-stand. 

Portascalmi  m.  indecl. ;  rowlock. 

Portascalpelli  m.  indecl.;  i.  head-stock  (of  a 
planing  machine).  2.  Disco  —  di  un  trapano  mec- 
canico,  cutter-head,  boring-wheel,  spindle-ooss. 

Portasfgari ;«.  indecl. ;  cigar-holder. 

Portaspazzature  M.  indecl.;  dust- 
pan. 

Portaspilli  m.  indecl. ;  pin-cushion. 

Portassacco  m.  (It.  porto  a  sacco) ;  (mar.)  a 
sort  of  extemporised  harbour  made  where  the  bottom 
was  soft,  for  vessels  of  light  draught,  by  dredging 
up  the  mud  and  laying  it  in  sacks  round  the  ship. 

Portasseno  m.  (It.  porto  a  seno);  sheltered 
harbour. 

Portastanghe  m.  indtcl.;  i.  (harnessm.)  tug, 
strap  that  holds  up  the  shafts.  2.  =  Rufnano,  pander. 

Portast^echi  m.  indecl. ;  toothpick- 
holder. 

Portata/;  i.  burden  (of  a  ship). 
2.  supporting  power.  3.  —  di  pompa, 
the  discharge  of  water  by  a  pump. 
4.  range,  e.g.  of  a  gun  or  of  the  voice  ; 
—  geografica,  geographical  range ;  A  — 
di  mano,  within  reach.  5.  weight  of 
the  projectile  of  a  gun.  6.  rush  (of 
blood  to  the  head).  7.  extent,  or 
revenue  of  a  property.  8.  fig.  moral 
or  intellectual  worth.  9.  =  Fatta,  size, 


454 


PORTATICCIO— POSSENTE 


description  ;  Un  signore  di  tanta  — , 
iron,  a  gentleman  of  such  importance. 
10.  =  Ordine,  rank;  Di  prima  — ,  of 
the  first  order ;  Poveretti  e  di  bassa 
— ,  poor  folk  and  of  little  consequence 
in  the  world,  n.  course,  at  dinner. 
12.  Massello  a  calda  — ,  red-hot  lump 
of  iron.  13.  return  of  cattle  or  other 
effects  made  for  purposes  of  taxation  in 
the  Florentine  republic. 

Portaticcio  ;  transported  by  natural 
agency.  As  sl>.,  drift,  e.g.  of  sand  in  a 
river. 

Portatfle  ;  portable. 

Portato  tn. ;  outcome.  *  i.  son.  ii.  =  Porta- 
mento. 

Port-at6re,  -atrice,  -atura ;  z>.  Portare. 
Titolo  a  portatore,  (coin.)  hearer  bond. 

Portavasi  >n.  indecL ;  stand  for 
flower-vases. 

Portavento  ;//.  iintecl.;  wind-pipe  of  an  organ. 

Portavivande  m.  imiecl. ;  tin  for 
carrying  provisions. 

Portav6ce  m.  inded. ;  speaking- 
trumpet. 

PortelHno  m. ;  dim.  Portello. 

Portell-0  in.;  I.  dim.  Porta.  2.  (mar.} 
port,  port-hole  ;  —  in  due  pezzi,  half- 
port  ;  —  or  Finestra  di  un  camerino, 
light-port  ;  —  anteriore,  bow-port  ;  - 
di  poppa,  stern-port :  either  of  the  two 
last  mentioned  is  also  termed  —  da 
carico,  raft-port,  a  square  opening  made 
to  facilitate  the  loading  and  discharging 
of  timber,  long  rails,  etc. ;  -i  di  batteria, 
lower  ports,  main  deck-ports ;  -i  di 
coperta,  upper  ports.  3.  opening  made 
for  a  graft,  v.  Scudicciolo.  4.  in  //., 
-i  or  Sportelli,  the  protecting  shutters 
which  fold  over  an  altar  picture,  Ancona. 

Portent-o,  -osamente,  -6so;  as  E.  (L.,  v. 
Skea*,  sub  Portend). 

Porteriayl;  porter's  lodge  in  a  monastery. 
Porti  m.  pl.\  v.  Porta  m. 
Porti-cale,  -cato  in. ;  colonnade,  arcade. 
Porticare  inti.  portico  ;  to  adorn  with  porticos. 
Porticci-61a,  -olo ;  dim.  Port-a,  -o. 
Porti-cella  ;  =  -cina. 
Portichetto  m. ;  dim.  Portico. 
Porticfna/I;  dint.  Porta. 
Pdrtico  tn.  (L.)  ;  porch. 

Portiera/;  door-curtain.  *  portress. 
Portiere  m. ;  porter  of  a  large  house. 

Portina/;  —  di  conca,  lock-gate. 
*a  variety  of  black  grape. 

Portinai-o  (Portonaio)  ;«.,  -a  / ; 
porter,  of  an  institution. 

Portineria  /. ;  porter's  rooms. 

Portinsegna  m.  *«<z>r/.;  =  Portabam1iera. 

P6rto  (A) ;  part.  Porgere. 

(B)  m.  (L.  portus,  as  if  from  *poritus, 
a  part,  analogous  to  Gr.  iropevros,  pas- 
sage-giving, cp.  iropos,  passage,  from  the 
same  root  as  irtpaat,  to  cross  ;  cp.  Zend 
peretro,  bridge,  E.  ford) ;  port,  harbour. 
-  franco,  (a)  free  port,  (£)  bonded 
warehouse.  In  —  franco,  in  bond. 

(C) ;  i.  =  Portatura  ;  —  franco,  car- 
riage paid  ;  —  assegnato,  carriage  pay- 
able on  delivery ;  —  d'  arme,  licence  to 
use  armorial  bearings.  2.  sync,  for 
Portato. 

*  i.  =  Porta  tit.     ii.  ferry-boat. 


Portogallo  m. ;  i.  (geogr.}  Portugal. 
2.  Portuguese  orange.  3.  a  variety  of 
ng. 

Portogh^se  ;  Portuguese.  Vela  alia 
or  all'  americana  — ,  sliding  gunter-sail, 
see  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  105. 

Portolano  (Portulano)  m. ;  (mar.} 
sailing-directions,  book  describing  the 
various  ports  of  the  world. 

*  i.  doorkeeper,     ii.  pilot. 

Portolata  f.;  or  Barca  —  ,  market-boat,  to  tnke 
fish  from  the  fishing-fleet  to  the  market. 

*  Portolatto  m. ;  i.q.  Vogavanti,  chief  oarsman. 
tPortblio  w/.;  =  OKera,  cruet-stand. 

Portombrelli  m. ;  umbrella-stand. 

Portonaio ;  v.  Portinaio. 
Portoncino  m, ;  dim.  Portone. 

Port6ne  m.\  i.  angm.  Porta.  2.  name 
of  a  part  of  Pisa. 

Portoricco  ;;/. ;  Portorico  coffee. 

Port&rio  m.;  toll  for  going  on  a 
ship. 

Portu-ale,  -ario  ;  of  a  port. 

Portulaca  f.  (L.) ;  (hot.)  purslain,  Partulaca 
oleracea. 

Portulano ;  v.  Portolano. 

Portunato  tn. ;  galley-slave  in  charge  of  the 
boat  for  communicating  with  the  shore. 

Portudso  ;  abounding  in  harbours. 

Porzanay!;  (ornith.)  a  species  of  moor-hen, 
OrtyeoiHctra  fiprznita. 

Porzion-e/;  (I,.,  i\  Parte);  portion.  *i.  lalary. 
ii.  A  — ,=A  proporzione.  Ajf.  -cclla,  -ciua  dim*., 
-ci(5na  attain. 

*Porzioniere /;/.;  i.  partner,     ii.  shareholder. 

P6sa/;  i.  rest,  repose.  2.  (HI its.) 
pause  or  mark  to  indicate  a  pause. 
3.  tonic  accent.  4.  affected  pose. 

Posac^nere  HI.  inded. ;  =  Raccatta- 
cenere,  ash-pan. 

Posaferrp  ;//.  inded. ;  rest  for  laying 
down  a  hot  iron. 

Posalume  m.  inded. ;  piece  of  stuff 
to  place  a  lamp  on. 

Posam£nto  ;;/.;  v.  Posare. 

Posamblle  m.  inded. ;  rest  for  the 
tongs. 

Posaombrelli  m.  indi-d. ;  =  Portom- 
brelli. 

Posapiano  in.  inded. ;  I.  scherz.  one 
who  moves  as  if  carrying  what  he  is 
afraid  of  breaking.  2.  label  upon  pack- 
ages of  glass  =  E.  "with  care." 

Posapiedi  m.  inded. ;  foot-stool. 

Posare  ind.  poso  (L.  pausare,  which 
is  both  ante-  and  post-classical,  cp.  Gr. 
naiiai,  to  put  a  stop  to,  lit.  to  make 
small,  the  root  being  pan  :  pen,  cp.  L. 
paucits,  Gr.  iravpos,  E.  few,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Pause,  Pose) ;  i.  to  lay  down  for  a 
short  time,  to  put  down.  2.  to  lay  down 
carefully,  as  a  baby  in  its  cradle.  3.  to 
lay  aside.  4.  Piglia  e  posa,  i.e.  amidst 
constant  interruptions.  5.  intr.  to  rest. 
6.  to  pose,  e.g.  for  one's  portrait. 

Posata  f.  \  i.  cover  (knife,  fork, 
etc.).  2.  =  Fermata,  halt.  3.  settling 
or  settling-place  of  birds.  4.  =  Posa- 
tura,  sediment. 

Posatam^nte  ;  composedly. 

Posate'zza  /  ;  calmness,  coolness. 

Posatina  /. ;  dim.  Posata. 


Posatdio  m. ;  i.  resting-place.  2. 
bird's  perch. 

Posat-6na  / ;  augm.  of  -a.  Aff. 
-uccia  spreg. 

Posatura/;  sediment. 

Pbsca  /  (L.  posca,  vinegar  and 
water) ;  lint  dipped  in  vinegar  and 
water,  for  a  bruise. 

Fbscia  (L.  posted) ;  afterwards. 

Posciache  ;  i.  since,  because.  2.  al- 
though. 

*  Poscondola  f.\  glade. 

*  Poscrai,  with  variants  Poscrilli,  Posequachera, 
coined    by    Pulci  (L.  fastcras) ;    the  day   after   to- 
morrow. 

Poscritto  m. ;  postscript. 
Posdatare ;  to  postdate. 

*  Posdi  ;  in  the  afternoon. 

Fosdoriicini  adv. ;  the  day  after  to- 
morrow. 

Posfu6co  'in. ;  guard  behind  a  stove. 
Positiv-amente,  -ismo,  -ista,  -ita,  -o;  as  E. 
Pos-itura,  Posturayt;  posture. 
Posizi6ne/;  as  E. 

*  Posliminio  m.  (L,  postliminiuiii) ;  i.  right  of  a 
returned  exile  to  recover  his  former  status,    ii.  return 
from  exile. 

*Posludio  ///.;  (inns.)  voluntary,  after  the 
service. 

P6so ;;/. ;  rest  from  trouble.   *  =  Ozio. 

Pbsola/ ;  i .  strap  used  with  a  pack- 
saddle  for  holding  up  the  girth-strap  ; 
it  is  passed  through  the  holes  at  the 
extremities  of  the  girth-strap  and  fast- 
ened to  the  saddle.  2.  with  a  wneeled 
carriage  =  Portastanghe,  q.v.  3.  Jig. 
heavy  burden,  e.g.  of  remorse  upon  the 
conscience  or  of  taxation  upon  the  purse. 

Etytn.  Probably  formed  from  Posolino,  re- 
garded as  a  diminutive. 

*  Posolatura/:;  =  Groppiera.  crupper. 

*  Posoliera  / ;  =  Posola. 

PosoHno  111.  (L.  postileita,  crupper, 
prob.  <post,  behind) ;  crupper. 

Posombrelli  m.  inded.  ;  umbrella- 
stand. 

Pospasto  m. ;  last  course  at  a  dinner. 

Posponiminto  m.\  v.  Posporre. 

Posp6rre  (for  conjug.  v.  Porre)  ; 
i.  to  have  less  liking  for.  2.  to  post- 
pone. 

Pospositivo  ;  (gram.)  enclitic. 

Posposizi6ne  /. ;  postponement. 

Pbssa  /  (L.  posse,  to  be  able,  v. 
Despota) ;  power  (intrinsic),  v.  Pos- 
sanza. 

Possanza  /. ;  power  (extrinsic,  as  of 
a  king). 

Ppssede're  ind.  possiedo  or  posseggo 
pos-siedi  -siede  -sedidmo  -sedate  -sie- 
dono  or  -seggono,  perf.  possedei  or 
possedetti  -sedesti,  parts,  possedente 
posseduto  (L.  possidere,  where  the  first 
syllable  is  either  par,  =  Gr.  npos,  in  front 
of,  or  pot,  the  root  of  potere,  to  be  able, 
so  that  the  meaning  is  either  to  sit  in 
front  of,  or  to  sit  in  power  over)  ;  to 
possess.  Ajf,  Possed-imento,  -it6re, 
-itrice. 

Possente  ;  powerful.    Ajf.  -mdnte. 


POSSESSIONE— POTE 


455 


Possess-i6ne  /.;  as  E.  AJf.  -ioncella  dim., 
•ivame'nte,  -ivo. 

PosseSS-0  m. ;  occupation.  Ho  preso 
—  del  quartierino,  I  went  into  occupa- 
tion of  my  rooms.  Ne  ragionava  con 
vero  — ,  he  showed  a  thorough  mastery 
of  the  subject.  Aff.  -6re,  -orio. 

Possflril-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -me"nte. 

Possident-e  m.  or/;  owner  (of  real 
estate).  Aff.  -one  augm.,  -uccio  dim., 
-ucolo  dim.  spreg. 

Possidenza  / ;  i.  right  to  posses- 
sion ;  II  papa  vanta  la  —  su  Roma,  ma 
non  glie  ne  lasciano  la  possessione,  the 
Pope  boasts  of  his  right  to  Rome,  but 
they  will  not  allow  him  to  remain  in 
occupation  of  it.  2.  owners,  as  a  class  ; 
La  piccola  —  va  a  mano  a  mano  sparire, 
small  proprietors  are  gradually  disap- 
pearing. 

P6st-a  /.  (A)  (L.  posita,  placed,  but 
in  sense  of  whim,  infra,  no.  13,  prob. 
< potestas)  ;  I.  post,  watching-place. 

2.  post,  halting-place   for   post-horses. 

3.  mail-coach.     4.    post-office.     5.    the 
mails.     6.  A  —  corrente,  by  return  of 
post,  by  the  first  post.     7.   Fermo  in  — , 
to  be  called  for  at  the  post-office.     8.  in 
gaming,   (it)  =  Invito,   the   money   put 
upon  a  card  ;  (6)  Tenere  la  — ,  («)  to 
be  banker,  (/3)  to  play  to  the  card  pro- 
posed, not  to  pass  ;  (c)  Rifiutare  la  — , 
to  pass,  to  refuse  to  play  to  that  deal  ; 
(tf)  Raddoppiare  la  — ,  to  double  the 
stakes  ;  (?)  fig.  Andare,  Mandare  1'  ul- 
tima — ,  to  put  everything  to  the  stake. 

9.  (eccl.)  (a)  —  del  Rosario,  one  of  the 
divisions  of  the  series  of  devotions  con- 
sisting of  one  Paternoster,  ten  Avemarias 
and  one  Gloria  Patri ;  (b)  —  della  Corona, 
a  division  of  the  string  of  beads  by  which 
the  series  of  devotions  are  counted,  viz: 
one   large  bead   and   ten   small   ones. 

10.  entry  or  column  of  entries  in  an 
account ;  Posesi  a  —  sua,  it  was  placed 
to  his  account,     n.  A  — ,  or  A  bella 
— ,  (a)  on  purpose  ;  A  farlo  a  — ,  as  if 
on  purpose  ;   Gli  dico  che  si  spicci  ed 
egli,  a  farlo  a  — ,  va  adagio,  I  tell  him 
to  look   sharp   and    then    he   dawdles 
along  as  if  he  did  it  on  purpose  ;  (6)  ex- 
pressly selected  or  made  ;  Ci  ho  man- 
dato  una  persona  a  — ,  I  sent  a  person 
expressly  for  the  purpose  ;   Fatemi  un 
caffe  a  — ,  make  a  cup  of  coffee  ex- 
pressly for  me.     Hence,  12.  —  is  used 
in  a  cafe  to  mean  coffee  ;  Posta  !  coffee 
for  one  !     13.  A  —  di,  (a)  at  the  wish 
of ;  L'  uomo  non  pu6  amare  e  disamare 
a   sua  — ,  a   man   cannot  be  in   love 
and  not  in  love  as  he  pleases  ;  (l>)  for 
the  sake  of ;  A  —  di  due  soldi  non  son 
voluto  venire  a  piedi,  I  did  not  care  to 
walk  merely  to  save  a  penny.     14.  Di 

— ;  (a)  direct,  in  a  direct  way.  In 
playing  at  ball,  Rimandare  la  palla  di  — , 
to  return  the  ball  full-pitch  ;  (*)  quickly  ; 
Intende  di  —  qualun^ue  cosa  gli  si  dica, 
whatever  is  said  to  him  he  understands 
directly.  15.  L)i  questa — ,  of  this  size 
or  shape  (with  suitable  illustration  by 
gesture).  16.  1'er  la  — ,  or  Per  le  -e, 


17.  Pigliarle  -e,  to  get  under 


speedily. 
way. 

*i.  military  post.  ii.  stall  in  a  market,  iii.  = 
Shuazione.  iv.  =  Positura.  v.  =  Dimora.  vi.  = 
Occasione.  vii.  =Orme,  track,  footprintSj  D.  Inf. 
23.  148.  viii.  =Partita.  ix.  =  Casata,  family.  x.= 
Parti  to,  design,  xi.  =  Sfida,  challenge,  xii.  — 
ferma,  concluded  business,  xiii.  =  Bersaglio,  mark. 
xlv.  =Insidia,  wile.  xv.  =Opera,  Parte  rilevata  del 
damasco.  xvi.  =Tramonto,  sunset,  xvii.  =  Imposta. 
xviii.  Aver  la  — ,  =  Esser  stabilito.  xix.  Aver  — 
d'  uno,  =  Appostarlo,  to  know  where  he  is.  xx.  Co- 
gHere  or  C6Y  —  ferma  =  Accettare,  Dar  _  sicuro 
giudizio.  xxi.  C6r  — ,  =  Indovinare.  xxvi.  Dar 
d'  uno—  ferma,  =  Indizio  sicuro.  xxiii.  Esser  buona 
— ,  to  be  opportune,  xxiv.  Metter  la  — ,=  Tender 
aggunti ;  Por  -e,  =  Insidiare.  xxv.  Prender  -e  di 
tempo  e  di  luogo,  to  take  the  right  time  and  place, 
D.  Inf.  34.  71.  xxvi.  Stare  da  sua  — ,  =  Star  da  so; 
Tener  le  -e,  to  stand  still,  xxvii.  A  —  fatta,  =  A  caso 
pensato.  xxviii.  A  —  a  — ,  here  and  there,  xxix.  A 
niagra  — ,  at  a  slow  trot.  xxx.  aneurism.  txxxi.= 
Avventore,  customer. 

(B)  (It.  porre,  posto)  ;  i.  the  setting 
of  eggs  under  a  hen.  2.  seed,  the  seed 
sown  at  one  time.  3.  planting,  e.g. 
olive-trees.  4.  hay-cock.  *  imposition 
of  a  name. 

Post-accio  m.;  pegg.  of -o.     -ale  ;  postal. 

Posta-lettere/;  =  Corriere,  mail. 

Postare ;  to  post. 

Post-arella/  ;  dim.  of  -a. 

Postcomiinio  m. ;  (eccl.)  the  part  of 
Mass  following  communion. 

Posteggiare  ind.  posteggio  ;  to  lie 
in  wait  for.  *=  Correr  per  la  posta. 

Postem-a  in. ;  i.  i.q.  Apostema, -ab- 
scess. 2.  pop.  undigested  food  burden- 
ing the  stomach.  3.  fig.  heavy  burden. 
4.  scrotum  of  an  animal.  5.  purse.  Aff. 
-oso. 

Postergale  m. ;  back  of  a  piece  of 
furniture,  etc.  t(«r/.)  monstrance,  box 
for  relics,  etc. 

P6steri  m.  pi. ;  descendants. 

Posterior-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -mc'nte,  -ita. 

*Posterlay:;=Postierla,  postern. 
P6stero  m.\  sclu-rz.  descendant. 

t  Postett  accio  m. ;  pegg.  Posto. 

*Posticcia^;  i.  trees  planted  in  regular  lines. 
ii.  {mar.)  (a)  acting  appointment,  in  the  absence  of 
the  proper  officer,  (b)  — ,  Posticcio,  or  Apposticcio, 
a  wooden  platform  carried  along  the  outside  of  a 
large  galley,  both  to  give  a  better  purchase  to  the 
oars  and  to  provide  a  lateral  passage  and  stage  for 
fighting.  It  was  so  called  as  being  adventitious  to 
the  ship  itself.  The  whole  rested  on  a  rectangular 
frame  supported  by  brackets  and  fastened  in  position 
by  timbers  termed  Baccalari  ;  the  platform  was 
termed  Balestriera,  and  was  the  fighting-place  for 
the  soldiers,  as  well  as  the  stage  for  the  Pavesi 
(Guglielmotti,  vocab.  marine). 

•Posticciare  ;  to  plant  fruit-trees. 

Posticci-o  ;  artificial,  adventitious, 
false.  As  sb.,  =  Piantonaio,  nursery. 
*=Posticcia  (ii,  b).  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Posticiattolo  ///. ;  dim.  spreg.  Posto. 
Posticino  m. ;  dim.  -vezz.  Posto. 

Posticip-are  ind.  posticipo ;  i.  to 
come  late.  2.  to  defer.  Aff.  -atamente, 


in. ;  postmaster  (of  horses). 

*i.  postilion,     ii.  —  Postino,  postman. 
*Postieri  ;  =  Ier  1'  altro,  day  before  yesterday. 

Posti&rla  (Posterla)/;  postern-gate. 
Postigli6ne  ///.  (It.  posta) ;  postilion. 

PostiU-a/  (L.  postilla,  adv,,<post 
ilia,  =  postea,    afterwards) ;     marginal 


note.  *image.  Aff.  -are,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-atura. 

Postime  (Postume)  m. ;  i.  =  Pian- 
tonaio, nursery.  2.  in  pi.,  cuttings, 
seedlings.  *sediment. 

Postino  m. ;  postman.    t=  Postime. 

*Postipne  in. ;  —  Deretano,  behind. 
*  Postliminio  ;  v.  Posliminio. 

P6st-o ;  i.  part,  of  Porre.  2.  as 
sb.,  position,  place,  post  of  a  sentinel. 
3.  place,  part  of  the  country.  4.  place, 
spot ;  La  polizia  ando  sul  — ,  the  police 
visited  the  spot.  5.  post,  employment. 
6.  space,  room.  7.  place  in  an  institu- 
tion ;  Fondare  dei  -i,  to  found  scholar- 
ships. 8.  of  horses,  =  Posta,  q.v.  (2). 

Postoch.6  ;  =  Posto  che,  assuming 
that.... 

Post6nic-o  ;  Parte  -a,  the  part  of  a 
word  which  comes  after  the  accent. 

Postribolo  m.  (L.  prostibuluni) ; 
brothel. 

*  Postrincolo  in. ;  a  sort  of  handcuff. 
Postuccio  in.;  dim.  spreg.  Posto. 

Postulante  m. ;  applicant. 

Postulate  ind.  postulo  (L.,prot>.  akin 
to  poscere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ;  to  ask ; 
in  canon  law,  to  ask  permission  to  nomi- 
nate some  person  to  a  benefice  who  is 
not  in  strictness  qualified,  on  account 
either  of  age,  birth  or  rank. 

Postulate  in.',  postulate. 

Postulatdre  in. ;  he  who  presents 
the  documents  requisite  for  canonisa- 
tion. 

*Postume  /«.;=Postime. 

P6stumo(L.  postuiiius,^  variant  of postrcmus, 
superlative,  formed  from  post) ;  posthumous. 

Postura_/?;  =  Positura,  posture. 
*i.  —  Convenzione,  agreement,     ii.   fixed  time  or 
place,     iii.  —  Imposizione,  giving  (a  name),     iv.  Non 
si  dar  —  a  uno,  to  be  no  ground  for  objection. 

Postutto  ;  =  Dopo  tutto,  after  all. 

Potabile  (L.)  ;  fit  for  drinking. 
•Potacchio,    Potaggio,    Pottaggio    in.   (Kr. 
potage,  v.  Skeat,  sttb  Pottage) ;   soup. 

Potagidne/  ;  pruning,  or  the  season 
therefor. 

*Potaiay;;  a  species  of  Nibbio,  kite. 

tPotaidlo  >«.;  =  Potatoiu,  pruning-knife. 

*Potamio  in. ;=Ippopotamo. 

Potamogeto  m.;  (tat.)  pond-weed,  I'otamoge- 
ton. 

Potare  ind.  poto  (L.  putare,  v.  Com- 
putare)  ;  to  prune  ;  —  a  corona,  to  trim 
all  the  branches  symmetrically  to  the 
same  height,  preserving  only  the  three 
or  four  principal  branches  ;  —  a  vino, 
to  prune  lightly,  with  the  object  of 
obtaining  more  wine,  though  of  inferior 
quality. 

Potass-ay^  (Germanic,  cp.  E.  potash,  Germ. 
Pottasche,  Genoese  potache)  ;  (ckem.)  potash,  the 
residuum  obtained  by  boiling  down  liquor  contain- 
ing the  soluble  salts  of  burnt  vegetable  ashes.  Aff. 
-ico,  -io  the  metal. 

Potatdio  ///. ;  pruning-knife. 

Pot-at6re, -atrice;  i.  Censura -atrice, 
the  censorship  which  erases  undesirable 
passages  before  publication.  2.  one  who 
does  pruning.  3.  pruning-knife. 

Potatura/  ;  i.  pruning.  2.  season 
for  pruning.  3.  the  clippings. 

Potazzina/;  =  Cinciarella,  tit. 
tP6te/;=Impaccio,  embarrassment. 


456 


POTECA— PREAVVISO 


*  Poteca  /  (L.  apotheca,  v.  Bottega) ;  provision- 
store. 

*  Potem  ;=Possiamo,  v.  Potere. 
Potentario  ;«.;=  Potentate. 

Potent-ato  m.\  potentate.  *aristocratic  system 
of  government,  -e ;  strong,  -eminte  adv.  *Ra- 
gazza  potente  dell'  uomo,  marriageable. 

Potentillay:;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  Rosaceae. 

Potenz-a  /;  i.  power.  2.  (hist.) 
riotous  troop,  V.  Biliemme.  3.  (herald.) 
T-shaped  figure  on  the  shield.  4.  (mar.) 
(a)  in  pi.,  gallow-bitts,  (b)  —  della  cam- 
pana,  belfry,  (c)  in  //.,  -e  delle  imbar- 
cazioni,  skid-beams.  *=Milizia. 

Pptenzial-e ;  i.  potential.  2.  (gram) 
optative.  3.  (surg.)  Caustici  -i,  chemical 
caustics,  as  opposed  to  -i  attuali,  red- 
hot  irons.  Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Potenziato  ;  (herald.)  T-shaped,  cp.  Fr.  /0- 
tencf,  gallows,  old  E.  potent,  a  crutch.  *  with 
latent  powers,  D.  Par.  7.  140. 

Potenzinterra  !  excl.  of  astonishment. 

Potere ;  i.  as  verb,  ind.  posso 
puoi  puo  or  pop.  p61e  or  pol  possiamo 
pote*te  possono  or  poet.  p6nno,  perf. 
potei  or  *potetti  pote*sti  pot£  potdmmo 
pote*ste  poterono,  fut.  potro,  parts. 
potendo  or  poet,  possendo  potuto  (L., 
*v.  Despota) ;  to  be  able. 

IS*  Like  Dovere  and  Volere,  Potere 
is  generally  conjugated  with  Avere  as 
its  auxiliary  but  sometimes  with  Essere, 
v.  Dovere. 

*The  following  forms  occur  in  the  Divina  Corn- 
media  of  Dante :  puossi  =  si  puo,  Inf.  27.  119;  puone 
=  puo,  Inf.  ii.  31  ;  potemo  or  potem  =  possiamo, 
Inf.  9.  33;  ponno  =  possono,  Inf.  21.  10;  potea  = 
poteva,  Purg.  19.  no;  potei  =  potevi  (2  sing.  imperf.\ 
Inf.  15.  112;  potean  =  Potevano,  Inf.  4.  117;  pote'  = 
potel,  Inf.  8.  112;  poteo  =  pote,  Purg.  20.  i38;potero 
or  poter=poterono,  Inf.  22.  128  and  26.  97  ;  potersi  = 
si  poterono,  Purg.  18.  140;  poterebbe  — potrebbe, 
Inf.  7.  66;  poria  or  potria  =  potrebbe,  Inf.  zo.  69  and 
28.  i  ;  posse  =  possa  (2  pres.  su£>j.)t  Par.  13.  94; 
possendo  =  potendo,  Purg.  n.  90. 

2.  as  sb. ,  power.  *  i.  possessions,  ii.  armed 
force,  in.  =  Potenza,  political  power,  iv.  in  //., 
powerful  personages. 

Potest-k  f. ;  i.  authority.  2.  the 
fourth  order  of  angels.  3-  =  Podesta, 
mayor.  Aff.  -ariato,  office  of  -a,  mayor ; 
-eria,  residence  or  jurisdiction  of  a  -a, 
see  also  Faggia  ;  -e"ssa,  wife  of  a  -a. 

*Potimento  »/.;  =  Possanza,  power. 

*  Potire  (L.  poiiri) ;  to  possess. 

*  Potissimo  (L.)  ;  most  prominent,  principal. 

*  Poto  m.  (L.  potns) ',  drinking. 

P6tta  (A)  m.  (It.  potesta) ;  scherz.  II  — ,  the 
mayor  of  Modena  in  the  "Secchiarapita"of  Tassoni. 
Esser  it  —  di  Modena,  to  brag. 

(B)/  (bit.  puta,  v.  Putto);  i.  vulva.  2.  •—  di 
mare,  v.  Polmone  di  mare. 

*  Pottaggio  m.  \  -  Potaggio,  soup. 
Pottaionc  »/.;  braggart,  z>.  Potta  (A). 
Pottarga  f.\  a  kind  of  caviare,  ?'.  Bottarga. 
Pottata  f,\  piece  of  brag,  v.  Potta  (A). 

Pottiniccio  m.  (perhaps  for  **pol- 
tiniccio,  <  It.  polta,  mire)  ;  i.  mud. 
2.  muddled  piece  of  work,  botchwork, 
pucker. 

*Pottiniggio  w.;  =  Strage,  slaughter. 

Pottino  w*.;=Furbo,  rogue. 

Potulento  ;  (/««/.)  drinkable. 

Potuto  ;  part.  Potere. 
tPoventa^/C;  place  sheltered  from  the  wind. 

Pover-accio  fiegg.,  -aglia  f.  poor  people, 
-am6ntCj  -ellamente,  -illo<f//«.,  11  -ello  d' Assisi, 
St  Francis,  -ettamente,  -dtto  dint.,  -{no  or 
Poerino,  dim. ;  v.  Povero. 

P6ver-o,  pop.  Pocro  (L.  pauper^  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pauper) ;  poor.  T  =  Paguro,  crab.  Aff.  -one  augm. 
spreg.,  -tji,  -uccio  dim.  vezz. 

Pozi6n-e  /.;  (itted.)  potion.     Aff.  -cella  dim. 

*  Poziorc  (L.  potior)  ;  senior. 

P6zza/ (variant  of  Pozzo);  i.  puddle, 
pool.  2.  drain. 


*  Pozzacchia  /;=  Pozzanghera. 

Pozz-accia,  -accio  ;  pegg,  of -a,  -o. 
tPozzale  m.;  i.  brink  of  a  well.     ii.  pool  with 
a  spring  rising  in  it. 

Pozzdnghera  /  (for  Pozzacola,  < 
** 'puteacula,  dim.  of  L.  puteus,  cp. 
Emilian  dialectic  pociacra}',  dirty  pool. 

tPozzangoIa;  r.  Pozzanghera. 

Pozz^tta/;  i.  dim.  Pozza.    2.  vessel 


Pratellina  f.\   i.   v.  Pratolina.     a.  — Olmaria, 
meadow-sweet. 

Pratello  w. ;  dim.  Prato. 

Pratense  ;  of  the  meadows. 

Praterfello  m.\  dim.  Prato. 

Praterla  /  ;  expanse  of  meadows. 

Prdtica/;    i.  practice  as  opposed 
to   theory.      2.    practical   acquaintance 


&W«MIWVOT/ij     1*    Itt-'fi'     1    \ji*t,a,.         *,.     »  v^^js-i  .  -    .  -.  ,  . 

in  which  to  dip  a  broom  for  sweeping,  ^l1'1  a  thln&  or  "?tlmate  acquaintance 

r          nnth    i    t-\ai-o*-»r»  -»      tr^fi-Kmo  A      TY»I c f- t-o c c 


3.  dimple. 

Pozzett-ino  m.,  sub-dim.,  -o  dim., 
of  Pozzo,  esp.  the  reservoir  of  a  baro- 
meter, (mar.)  -i  di  sentina  or  di  stiva, 
=  Ombrinali,  limbers. 

Pozzo  m.  (L.  puleus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pit);  i.  well.  2.  -  -  nero,  cesspool. 
3.  --  smaltitoio,  (a)  tank  for  refuse- 
water,  (b)  drain.  4.  —  caldo,  hot-water 
cistern.  5.  sump  of  a  mine.  6.  (mar.) 
casing  of  the  pumps.  7.  --  di  San 
Patrizio,  St  Patrick's  well  leading  to 
Purgatory  ;  Essere  il  —  di  S.  Patrizio, 
to  be  never  satisfied,  never  full ;  Le 
case  sono  il  —  di  S.  Patrizio,  non  bas- 
tano  mai  i  denari,  i.e.  building  always 
costs  more  than  the  estimate.  8.  Metier 
il  —  in  molle,  to  prepare  a  nice  supper, 
lit.  to  soak  the  well.  9.  Mostrar  la  luna 
nel  —  ,  =  Far  veder  lucciole  per  lanterne, 
to  deceive. 

Pnzzolana  / ;  clay  for  making  ce- 
ment ;  originally  the  earth  obtained  at 
Pozzuoli  near  Naples  from  the  decom- 
position of  the  volcanic  rocks. 

Pozzolatico  ;  Vin  di  — ,  (severs.)  water. 

*  Pozzuolo  «/. ;  dim.  Pozzo. 
t  Pozzura_/;  =  Puzzo,  stink. 

•Prace  /.  (Gr.    irpao-io,    garden-bed)  ;  =  Porca, 
ridze. 

f  Praci61a/:;  dim.  Prace. 

Pracrito  in. ;  popular  Sanskrit. 

Pragh6se :  of  Prague. 

*  Praia  /. ;  =  Piaggia. 

Prama./;  (mar.)  flat-bottomed  Dutch  lighter, 
praam. 

Prammdtic-o  (L.,<Gr.  npaypa,  ac- 
tion); i.  regulative  of  some  State  or 
Church  business ;  Sanzione  -a,  decree 
of  a  sovereign,  esp.  that  of  Charles  VI 
of  Germany  securing  the  crown  to  Maria 
Theresa,  which  led  to  the  war  so  named 
in  1741.  -a, as sb.f.:  2.  rescript.  T,.iron., 
regular  way,  custom  ;  Risposta  di  -a, 
regulation  answer. 

*  Prandere  (L.) ;  to  feed. 
Prandio  m. ;  poet,  for  Pranzo. 

*  Prano  m. ;  (w<zr.)=Barra,  bar. 
Pranz-are  vb.,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -ettino  dim. 

vezz.,  -etto  dim.\  T.  Pranzo. 

Pranzo  m.  (L.  prandiitm,  <  dies, 
with  a  prefix  which  may  mean  "  early," 
cp.  Gr.  jrpon,  early) ;  dinner.  *early 
luncheon. 

Prasina  f. ;  v.  Prasio. 

Prasino,  Prassino(L.,<Gr.  *p4enm);i.  leek- 
coloured,  leek  green.  2.  as  sb.,  green  bile. 

Prasio  in.,  Prasina  /;  (»««.)  prase,  a  variety 
of  transparent  greenish  quartz. 

PrassiyC  (Gr.);  (/we//.)  praxis. 

Prassine  ;  v.  Prasio. 

Prassino ;  v.  Prasino. 

Prassio,  Prassine  in.',  i.  (bot.)  =Marrobbio, 
horehound.  2.  =  Prasio. 

*  Prataglia  f. ;  =  Prateria. 

Pratai61-o  ;  of  the  meadows.  Fungo 
— ,  mushroom,  Agaricus  campestris. 
Gallina  -a,  lesser  bustard,  Otis  tetra.v. 

Pratare  ;  to  sow  with  grass-seed. 


with  a  person.  3.  intrigue.  4.  mistress. 
5.  =  Avventore,  customer.  6.  =  Prat  i  care, 
as  sb.,  intercourse.  7.  (mar.)  pratique. 

Praticabil-e  ;  v.   Praticare.     Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 
Praticacci-a,  -o  ;  peggs.  of  Pratic-a,  -o. 
*  Praticale  ;  habitual. 
Prat  icamente  ;  practically. 

Praticare  ind.  prati-co  -chi  ;  i.  to 
practise.  2.  to  handle  (an  affair).  3.  — 
una  vendita,  to  make  a  contract  for 
sale.  4.  to  put  into  operation.  5.  to 
frequent  (a  place)  or  the  society  of  (a 
person).  6.  to  intrigue  with  (women). 

Praticcio  m.  ;  meadow-land  near  a 
village. 

Praticello  »i.  ;  dim.  Prato. 
Pratichetta  jr.;  dim.  Pratica. 
Praticino  m.;  dim.  vezz.  Prato. 

Pratico  (L.  practicus,  <  Gr.  npaK- 
TIKOS,  <  irparrw,  to  do)  ;  i.  practical. 
2.  practically  acquainted  with.  3.  as 
sb.,  practitioner.  4.  syncop.  part,  of 
Praticare. 

Pratic-6na/;  augm.  of  -a. 

Pratic6n-e  m.  ;  augm.  spreg.  of 
Pratica,  person  who  works  merely  by 
practice  without  proper  method.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg. 

Pratile  m.  ;  the  third  spring  month  of  the 
French  republican  calendar,  f'rairial. 

Prativo  ;  of  the  meadows. 
Prato  in.  (L.);  meadow. 

Prato  ;  (^<j^T.)the  city  in  Tuscany.   Esser  come 


.  any. 

i  corbelli  di  —  ,  said  contemptuously  of  one  who  has 
managed  to  get  himself  decorated  as  a  Cavaliere  ; 
the  allusion  is  to  the  cross-pieces  used  to  strengthen 


the  bottoms  of  the  baskets  made  at  Prato,  to  which 
his  decoration  is  compared.  Far  come  quei  di  —  : 
star  a  veder  piovere,  to  watch  the  rain  till  it  stops  : 
wait  till  the  trouble  is  over. 

Pratolin-a,  Pratellin-a  /  ;  (hot.) 
i.  daisy,  Bellis  perennis,  also  termed 
Margheritina.  2.  -e  doppie,  double 
daisy,  Bellis  perennis  prolifer,  also 
termed  Margheritine  della  Gran  Duch- 
essa. 

Pratolino  in.  ;  i.  =  Prataiolo,  mush- 
room. 2.  dim.  Prato. 

Pratomagno  ;  a  mountain  ridge  in  Tuscany 
(summit  about  5390  ft.)  forming  the  W.  barrier  of  the 
Casentino,  the  upper  valley  of  the  Arno,  the  main 
ridge  of  the  Apennines  on  the  opposite  side  forming 
the  E.  barrier,  D.  Purg.  5.  1  16. 
t  Pratuscello  »t.  ;  dim.  Prato. 

Prav-o(L.);  wicked.     Aff.  -amentc,  -ita. 
*  Pre'  ;  apocope  for  Prete. 

Pre-  ;  in  composition,  beforehand, 
like  the  E.  pre-.  For  translation  of 
these  compounds  see  the  corresponding 
words  in  loco. 

Prc-accennare.  -accusare,  -adamitico,  -al- 
legato  ;  v.  Pre-. 

Prealpi/  pi.  ;  foot-hills  of  the  Alps. 

Preambol-o  m.;  as  E.    Aff.  -etto  dim. 
Pre-annunziare,  -avvertire,  -avvisare;  v. 
Pre-. 

Preavviso  in.  ;  Deposito  con  —  , 
deposit  at  notice. 


PREBENDA— PREGIARE 


457 


Prebend-a  (L.<praedere<prae,  ha- 
bere)\  I.  (eccl.)  fixed  income  of  an 
ecclesiastical  appointment.  2.  by  ex- 
tension,any  means  of  profit.  *provender 
for  horses.  Aff.  -ario,  -ato. 

*  Precare  ;  —  Pregare,  to  pray. 

Precari-o  (L.  precarius,  obtained  by  prayer) ; 
as  E.  Aff.  -amente,  -eta. 

Precauzidneyi;  as  E. 

Prece  f.  (L.  pre-v,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Precarious) ; 
prayer. 

Preced-ere/i^  precedetti  precede!  orprecessi 
precedesti  precedette  or  precede,  part,  preceduto  or 
precesso  (L.)  ;  to  precede.  Aff.  -ente,  -entemente, 
-enza. 

*  Precellente  ;  =  Eccellente. 

*  Precelso  (L.)  ;  very  high. 

Precessidne  f.\  i.  precession.     2.  precedence. 

Precettare  ind.  prece'tto ;  to  issue 
an  order. 

Precettista  m.;  author  of  rhetorical  precepts. 

Precettivo  ;  i.  didactic.  2.  authori- 
tative. 

Prece'tto  m.  (L.,  v.  Discepolo)  ; 
i.  precept.  2.  Feste  di  — ,  or  d'  in- 
tero  — ,  Church  feast-day,  when  no 
work  may  be  done.  3.  (leg.)  summons. 
4.  police-order;  Ebbe  il — delle  venti- 
quattro,  he  was  ordered  not  to  leave  his 
house  after  sunset. 

Precett6re  m. ;  preceptor. 

Precidere  ptrf.  precisi,  part,  preciso ;  to  cut 
short. 

Preclngere  ;  to  girdle. 

*  Precinto  m. ;  quarter,  part  of  one  of  the  circles 
of  Hell,  D.  Inf.  2.,.  34. 

Precinzidne./.;  corridor  in  an  ancient  theatre. 

Precipit-are  ind.  precfpito  (L.,  < 
prae,  before,  and  the  stem  of  caput, 
head) ;  i.  to  precipitate.  2.  to  work  in  a 
precipitate  manner.  3.  intr.  to  fall  head- 
long. 4.  to  rush.  *  —  gl'  indugi,  to  make 
haste.  Aff.  -abile,  -atamente,  -azione. 

Precipit-e  ;  headlong.  Aff.  -e"vole, 
-evolmdnte. 

Precipit6s-o ;  i.  precipitous.  2.  rash. 
Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Preciplzio  m.  \  \.  precipice.  2.  great 
abundance.  3.  A  — ,  in  a  violent  hurry. 

Predpu-o ;  principal.   Aff.  -amdnte. 

Precisaidne  /«. ;  precisian. 
Precis-amente  ;  precisely,     -are  ;  to  describe 
precisely. 

PreciSo;  i.  as  E.  2.  as  part.,  cut 
short,  divided,  cut  off,  v.  Precidere. 

Precitato ;  above-quoted. 

tPreciutto  >«.;=Presciutto,  ham. 

Preelar-o ;  illustrious.    Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Precl-udere  ferf.  -usi,  part,  -uso  ;  as  E. 

Preco  m.  ;  =  Preghiera,  prayer. 

Precdc-e  (L.  praecox,  v.  Skeat,  sut  Pre- 
cociolts)  ;  r.  precocious.  2.  early.  Aff.  -em^nte,  -ita. 

Precdgn-ito;  foreknown.     Aff.  -izione. 

Preconcetto  ;  preconceived. 

Precdne  in.  (L.  praeco,  for  ** praewco,  < 
prite,  vocare) ;  herald. 

*Preconio  m. ;  i.  announcement,  ii.  public 
praise. 

Preconizz-are ;  to  proclaim.  Aff. 
-azione. 

Precon6sc-ere ;  to  foreknow.  Aff.  -enza, 
-iniento. 

Prec6rd-i,  -ii  m.  pl.\  (anat.)  region  in  front 
of  the  heart,  praecordia.  Aff.  -iale. 

Prec6rr-ere;  i.  to  run  before.  2.  to 
anticipate  (a  person's  wishes  or  orders). 
Aff.  -itore,  -itrice. 

*  Precuoio  m. ;  dairy,  v.  Proquoio. 

H. 


Precursdre  m. ;  as  E. 

Pred-a  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pre- 
datory) ;  booty.  Aff.  -ace  inclined  to 
plunder,  -ame'nto,  -are  to  plunder,  -atore, 
-atora,  -atrice. 

Predecessdre  m.  •  as  E. 

Predella  /.  (A)  (cogn.  Milanese 
dialectic  brella,  for  **bret'la.  Provenc.. 
bredola,  <  O.H.G.  preta  or  bret—  Germ. 
Brett,  a  plank,  cp.  A.S.  bnd,  a  plank ; 
from  preta  there  seems  to  have  been 
a  diminutive  **pretel,  =  M.H.G.  bretel, 
lath,  which  was  the  origin  of  Predella  and 
its  cognates) ;  i.  altar-step.  2.  wooden 
slab  laid  on  the  marble  slab  of  a  latrine. 

3.  —  di  marmo,  the  marble  slab  itself. 

4.  seat  for  a  woman  in  child-birth. 

*  i.  foot-stool,  ii.  =  Seggetta.  iii.  =Confessionario 
delle  monache.  iv.  Sonar  le  —  dietro  a  uno,  =  Dime 
male,  to  speak  evil  of  him. 

*(B)(O.H.G.  prltil,  -:  Skeat,  sub  Bridle,  Braid); 
bridle,  D.  Purg.  6.  96. 

•Predelletto  m.;  dim.  *  Predella  (i). 

PredelHn-a  /,  -o  m. ;   i.  =Seggio- 
lino,  little  chair.     2.  child's  high-chair. 
3.  v.  Predelluccia.     4.  folding-step  for 
getting  into  a  carriage. 
•Predellone  m.;  high  stool. 

Predelluccia/;  i.=Predellina  (i) 
or  (2).  2.  Portare  a  predellucce,  when 
two  persons  cross  hands  and  arms  so 
as  to  make  a  seat  for  a  third. 

•Prederia/;;  goods  liable  to  be  plundered. 

Predestin-are  ind.  predestmo ;  as  E.  •  *to 
predict.  Aj[f.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Predetermin-are  ind.  predetermine,  -ata- 
mente,  -azi6ne ;  as  £. 

Prede'tto ;  foretold,  v.  Predire. 

Predial-e ;  adj.  of  the  farm.  Tasse 
-i,  or  Le  -i,  as  sb.,  rates. 

Predica  f.  (It.  predicare);  sermon. 
Va  alia  — !  (iron.}  get  out  of  my  way. 
Come  sonare  a  — ,  (to  beat  a  person) 
without  stopping.  Prender  posto  alia 
— ,  to  acquire  an  assured  position  in 
one's  profession.  *congregation  hearing 
a  sermon. 

Predicabile ;  i.  suitable  for  a  sermon.  2.  as 
s6.,  one  of  the  five  predicables  of  Logic;  genus, 
species,  difference,  property,  and  accident. 

Predicam^nto  m.-,  i.  Essere  in  — , 
to  be  spoken  of  as  a  likely  person  to  be 
appointed  to  some  office.  2.  in  logic, 
predicament,  one  of  the  classes  or 
categories  which  include  all  predicables. 
3.  Essere  in  buono  o  cattivo  —  d'  uno, 
to  be  well  or  badly  thought  of  by  him. 
*sermon. 

Predic-are  ind.  prtxlico  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Predicate,  Diction);  i.  to  preach; 
Anno  predic6  la  quaresima  il  P.  Maggio, 
last  year  Father  Maggio  was  the  Lent 
preacher ;  —  una  cosa,  or  persona,  to 
preach  it  up,  make  it  out  better  than  it 
is  ;  O  scendere  o  — ,  we  must  come 
to  a  determination,  lit.  either  quit  the 
pulpit  or  preach.  2.  =  Predire,  to  pre- 
dict. 3.  in  logic,  to  predicate.  *to 
publish  abroad. 

AJf.  -ato  logical  predicate,  -atora,  -atore,  -atoretlo 
dim.  spreg^.j  -atoressa  spreg.,  -aturio  sermonising, 
-atrice,  -azione,  -hetta  -hina  or  -hino  dims,  of  -a. 

Predicimento  ///.;  predicting. 

Predicit6re  «.'. ;  i.  prophet.     2.  ~  Preopinante. 

Predic-6na  f.,  -6ne  ;«.;  tiugnt.  of -a. 

Predicdzzo  tn.\  long  tedious  discourse. 


Predic-ucciayC;  dim.spreg.  -a. 

Predil-etto,  -ezidne  ;  v.  -igere. 

Pre-diligere  perf.  -dilessi,  part,  -di- 
letto ;  to  have  a  predilection  for,  to 
prefer. 

Predimostrazidneyl;  previous  demonstration. 

Predio  m.  (L.  praedium,  a  farm) ; 
(leg.)  real  property,  land  or  houses. 

Predire  intl.  predico  etc.  like  Dire  ;  to  predict. 
Predis-pdrre;  to  predispose.  Aff.  -posizione. 
Predistinguere  ;  to  single  out. 

*  Predito  (L.  praeditus)  ;  equipped. 
Predizidne/:;  prediction. 

tPredola^;  work-table  in  a  paper-mill. 
Predomm-are  ind.  predomino  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -io. 

Preddne  m.  (It.  preda) ;  robber. 

Preel-tggere  ;  to  choose  out.    Aff.  -ezione. 
Prcessere  (L.  praeesse)  ;  to  rule  over. 
Prefato  ;  aforesaid.    Also  as  si.,  article  afore- 
said. 

Prefazio  m.;  i.  (eccl.)  a  prayer, 
nearly  in  the  middle  of  Mass,  preceding 
the  Canone  ;  —  della  Domenica  della 
Madonna,  degli  Apostoli,  forms  of  the 
Prefazio.  2.  music  to  which  the  Pre- 
fazio is  set. 

*i.  Piantare  uno  sul  be!  del  — ,  to  desert  him  in 
the  middle  of  the  business,  ii.  Sonare  il  — ,  =  lias- 
tonare.  iii.  =  Preambolo.  iv.  image,  foretaste,  D. 
Par.  30.  78. 

Prefazidn-ey:  (L.) ;  preface.  Aff.  -cella  dim., 
-cma  dim.  vezz. 

•Prefenda  /C;=Prebenda. 

Prefer-enza,  -ibile,  -ibilmente,  -ire  (imi. 
-isco),  -itdre;  preference,  etc. 

Prefett-essa./;  wife  of  a  prefect,     -fzio  adj. 

Prefettino  m.;  prefect  of  small  size,  'sub- 
prefect. 

Prefett-o  m.  (L.);  prefect,  -ura  /.;  pre- 
fecture. 

Prefica  /.  (I,,  praefica) ;  hired  female  mourner 
at  a  funeral. 

Prefigg-ere  ind.  prefiggo  prefiggi, 
perf.  prefissi,  part,  prefisso  (L.) ;  i.  to 
prefix.  2.  to  fix  beforehand.  3.  -ersi, 
to  make  up  one's  mind. 

Prefigur-are  ind.  prefigure ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-amen  to,  -azione. 

*Prefinire;  to  fix  beforehand. 
Prefisso  ;  part.  Prefiggere. 
Preform-ato;  preformed.     Aff.  -azWne. 
•Pregay:;  i.  =Prego.     ii.  the  sixteenth  card  of 
an  old  pack  of  Minchiate  cards,  which  bore  the  figure 
of  a  woman  in  prayer. 

*  Preg-agione  /  ;=  Prego. 

Preg-are  ind.  prego  or  poet,  priego 
-hi  (L.  praecari,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pre- 
carious) ;  i.  to  entreat.  2.  to  pray  to 
(God).  3.  Non  vi  prego  dire,  Non  ti 
sto  a  dire,  or  the  like,  said  of  things  too 
long  or  too  strange  or  too  tiresome  to 
be  told  ;  Ora  comincia  a  parlar  lei,  e 
non  ti  prego  dire,  now  she  is  beginning 
to  speak,  and  no  one  knows  for  how 
long  ;  Ci  ha  fatto  una  figura  che  non  te 
lo  prego  dire,  she  cut  the  most  extra- 
ordinary figure.  4.  Non  farsi  pregare, 
to  accept  without  demur,  not  to  wait  to 
be  pressed.  Aff.  -atrire. 

*  Pregeria  f. :  =  Pieggio. 

Pregevol-Cv(It.  pregio) ;  valuable. 
Aff.  -e"zza. 

Preghi6r-a/  (It.  pregare) ;  prayer. 
Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Pregiabil-e ;  i.q.  Pregevole.  Aff. 
-ita. 

Pregiare  ind.  pregio  ;  i.  to  value, 
to  prize  ;  Mi  pregio  di...,  I  have  the 
honour  to —  2.  to  praise. 

58 


458 


PREGIO— PRESA 


Pregio  m.  (variant  of  Prezzo)  ;  ex- 
cellence, merit,  repute,  esteem. 

*i.  reputation,  ii.  =  Prezzo,  price,  iii.  reward, 
prize;  Portare  il  — ,  to  win  the  prize,  iv.  Meritare, 
Portare,  or  Francare  il  —  ,  =  Metier  conto,  to  be 
worth  while. 

Pregione ;  —  Prigione. 

Pregiudicare  ind.  pregiiidi-co  -chi ; 

1.  to  prejudge.     2.    to  prejudice. 

Pregiudic-ativo  ;  v.  -are  (i). 

Pregiudic-e'vole  ;  v.  -are  (2).  Aff. 
-evolmente. 

Pregiudici&le,  Pregiudiziale ;  pre- 
liminary. 

Pregiudiz-io //.  -i  m.;  \.  prejudice. 

2.  previous  (criminal)  conviction  ;    Ha 
diversi  -i  con  la  polizia,  the  police  have 
several    previous    convictions    against 
him.      3.    legal   offence ;    Lo   dichiaro 
innocente  d'  ogni  — ,  he  declared  him 
innocent  of  any  punishable  offence. 

Pr^gna  adj.  indecl.  (bit.  pracgnas  < 
L.  praegnans  <  *praegnarc  ;  **  Gnare 
is  cogn.  to  natus,  gnatus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Pregnant) ;  i.  pregnant,  of  animals  ; 
not  of  women  unless  in  chaff  or  offen- 
sively. 2.  impregnated. 

Pregnante ;  (poet.)  pregnant. 

*  Pregno  ;  Latte  — ,  milk  of  a  pregnant  woman. 
Prego,  Priego  tn. ;  fervent  prayer. 
Pregust-amento  w.;  foretaste.     Aff.  -are. 
Pregustatore  m.\  i.  one  who  has  a  foretaste. 

2.   (hist.)  taster,  servant  who  tasted  to  see  that  the 
food  was  not  poisoned. 

Preindicato  ;  =  Sopraindicato,  above-men- 
tioned. 

*Preio  ///.;  =  Pregio. 

*  Preire  ;  —  Precedere. 
Preistdrico ;  prehistoric. 

•Prel-ata/;  prioress.    *-agioney:;  =  -atia. 

Prelatesco  adj. ;  spre£.  of  Prelato. 
*Prelatia/^;  rulership. 

Prelatizio;  belonging  to  a  Prelato. 

Prelato  m.  (L.);  church-dignitary.     *  ruler. 

Prelatura  f.;  i.  office  of  a  Prelato.  2.  the 
Prelati  collectively.  3.  residence  of  a  Prelato. 

Prelazidne^ ;  (leg.)  preference.  Diritto  di  — , 
right  of  pre-emption,  'position  of  authority. 

Prelegato  m. ;  (leg.)  legacy  to  a  coheir  beyond 
his  common  share. 

Prelevare  ind.  prelevo ;  i.  to  deduct 
by  way  of  commission.  2.  to  draw  out, 
from  partnership  funds. 

Prelezidne  f. ;  introductory  lecture. 

*  Preliare  (L.)  ;  to  fight. 

'Prelibare;  i.  to  foretaste,    ii.  to  touch  upon. 

Prelibato  ;  excellent.  *excelling  in 
villainy. 

Preliminar-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -mente. 

Prelodato;  already  mentioned  with  praise. 

Prelud-ere,  -iare  ;  to  prelude. 

Preludio  «/.;  i.  prelude.  2.  (nuts.)  preliminary 
flourish. 

*  Prematica /.;  =  Prammatica. 
Prematur-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 
Premedit-are    ind.    premedito;    as    E.     Aff. 

•ntamente,  -azione. 

Prementovato ;  before-mentioned. 

Premere  perf.  prem-di  -etti  or 
(poet.)  pressi  premesti,  part,  premuto 
(L.) ;  to  press.  Tromba  premente, 
force-pump. 

Preme'ssa  / ;  premiss. 

•Premessioney:;  preamble. 

Pre-m6ttere  perf.  -misi  or  -mdssi, 
part,  -mdsso ;  i.  to  premise.  2.  to 
prefer. 

Premezzano  m.\  (niftr.)=  Paramezzale,  keel- 
son. 

Premi-are  ind.  premio ;   to  give  a 


prize  to.    -ato,  prize-winner.    Aff.  -abile, 
-at6re,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

Premibaderne  in.;  stuffing-box  of  a  steam- 
engine. 

Premice  ;  of  almonds,  etc.  i.  soft. 
2.  =  Primaticcio,  early. 

Etym.  It.  premere;  the  formation  is  of  an 
irregular  kind,  possibly  under  the  attraction  of 
Soffice  ;  the  idea  is  of  course  that  of  a  shell  soft 
enough  to  be  broken  by  finger-pressure. 

Prcmin-ente  (L.)  ;  preeminent.     Ajft.  -enza. 

Premio  m.  (L.  praemium,  <  prae, 
emere,  to  take  ;  prob.  in  origin,  to  take 
part  of  the  spoils  of  victory  as  a  prize 
for  valour)  ;  i.  prize.  2.  premium  on 
an  insurance-policy.  3.  bounty  on  ex- 
ports. 4.  --  di  navigazione,  Govern- 
ment subsidy  paid  to  ship-owners. 

Premisi ;  perf.  Premettere. 

*  Prem issione  f. ;  i.  preamble,     ii.  mission  sent 
in  advance  of  another. 

Premito  m.;    I.   pressure,  pushing. 

2.  (med.)  straining,  bearing  down,  con- 
traction of  the  diaphragm. 

Premitrecce  »i.\  stuffing-box  of  an  expansion- 
joint  in  a  steam-engine.  Cappello  —  or  Corona 
di  — ,  the  gland  of  the  stuffing-box  ;  see  illustrations 
in  Paasch,  Di/.  di  Marina,  plates  60,  66,  68. 

Premitura  / ;  pressing,  of  olives, 
etc. 

Premiuccio  m.;  dim.  spreg.  Premio. 
*Premizia;  v.  Primizia. 

Premor-irc;  to  predecease.    Aff.  -ienza. 

Premostratese  adj. ;  of  a  monastic  order  in 
France,  founded  by  St  Norbert  in  1120  on  a  site 
revealed  to  him  from  heaven,  whence  the  name,  frt 
tnonstre',  L.  pralitin  inonstratum. 

Premozidney?;  (theol.)  grace  determining  acts 
of  free-will. 

Premun-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  forewarn, 
lit.  to  fortify  beforehand,  -irsi,  to  pro- 
vide oneself. 

Premunizi6ne  /;  i.  preparation, 
precaution.  2.  answering  anticipated 
objections. 

Premtir-a/;  i.  solicitude.  2.  eager- 
ness, haste  ;  Far  — ,  to  make  haste. 

3.  importance,    pressure.      Aff.    -osa- 
mdnte,  -rSso. 

Etym.  It.  premere ;  the  regular  formation 
would  be  Pressura. 

Premuto ;  part.  Premere. 

*  Prena  ;  =  Pregna. 
Prenascere  ;  to  be  the  eldest. 

Prince  m. ;  poet,  for  Principe. 

Prend-ere  perf.  presi,  part,  preso 
(L.  prehendere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Get)  ; 

1.  to  take  ;   see  the  note  to  Pigliare. 

2.  to  catch  (a  ball,  when  thrown),  or  a 
train.     3.  to  go  in  a  certain  direction  ; 
Prese  lungo  1'  albereto,  he  went  along 
the  plantation.     4.    to  begin  ;    Prese  a 
istruirlo,  he  set  to  work  teaching  him. 
5.    of  a  plant,  to  take  root.     6.    of  a 
fire,  to  begin  to  burn.     7.    of  a  quick- 
tempered person,  to  fire  up  ;   Non  in- 
tendevo  di  riferirlo  a  lui  jna  subito  ha 
preso,  I   was  not  meaning  to  refer  to 
him  but  he  fired  up  directly.     8.   -erla 
con  uno,  to  begin  to  quarrel  with  him  ; 
-ersela,  to  get  angry  ;  Come  1'  ha  presa 
attraverso  !  how  angry  he  got !     9.  - 
per  aria  una  cosa,  to   catch  it   in  the 
air,  i.e.  understand  the  first  hint  of  it. 
10.   Le  prende  per  aria,  fig.  he  is  very 
irritable,     n.    --  rabbia,  to  fly  into  a 
rage.      12.    -  -    1'   uscio,   to    go    away. 


13.  -ersi,  (a)  to  come  to  blows,  (b)  to 
come  to  an  agreement,  (c)  to  resemble 
each  other  in  character.  14.  (mar.)  — 
terra,  to  make  land,  discover  it  in  the 
distance.  15.  —  giuoco,  of  the  parts 
of  a  machine,  to  work  loose.  Aff.  -ibile. 

Prend-it6re  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -ere.  2.  acceptor 
(of  a  bill). 

Prenditbria  /;  pop.  for  lottery- 
office. 

.Prenome  »t.  (L.);  i.  the  praeiiomett  of  an 
ancient  Roman.  2.  =  Nome  di  battesimo,  Christian 
name.  *  surname. 

Prenominato ;  above-mentioned. 

Prenot-are  ind.  prenbto  (mlt,  praenotare) ;  to 
note  beforehand,  esp.  in  regard  to  registering  a 
mortgage,  to  acquire  rights  of  priority.  Aff.  -azidne. 

Prenozi6neyl;  innate  notion. 

Prenslle ;  prehensile. 
Prenunzi-are ;    to    foretell.      Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice,  -o. 

•Prenz-a,  -e  ;«.;  =  Prence,  prince. 

Preoccup-are  ind.  preoccupo  ;  i.  to 
seize  in  advance.  2.  to  preoccupy. 
Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Preonorato ;  highly  honoured. 

Preopinante  m. ;  opener  of  a  debate. 

Preordin-amento,  -are,  -azione;  v.  Pre-, 
in  loco. 

Prepar-amento,  -are  hid.  prepare,  -ativo, 
-atore.  -atrice,  -atdrio,  -azi6ne ;  as  E.  Etym. 
L.  firatparare,  v.  supra,  Parare. 

Preparucchiare  ;  dim.  spreg.  to  prepare  miser- 
ably. 

Preponder-anza,  -are  ind.  prepondero;  as  E. 
*Prepontay:;  =  Veste  trapunta. 

Prep6rre,  for  conjug.  v.  Porre;  i.  to 
prefix,  e.g.  a  motto  to  a  book.  2.  to 
place  in  front.  3.  to  place  over,  in 
authority.  4.  to  prefer.  *=Proporre, 
to  intend. 

Prepositive  ;  precedent,  going  be- 
fore. 

Prepdsito  ;«. ;  (eccl.)  head,  superior. 
Prepositur-a/ ;  headship.    Aff.  -ale. 

Preposizi6ne/7;  i.  as  E.     2.  placing  in  front. 

Prepossdnte  ;  nearly  irresistible. 

Prepdstero  ;  i.  Ordine  — ,  inverse 
order.  2.  out  of  place. 

Prep6sto  ///. ;  (eccl.)  i.  church  dig- 
nitary, incumbent  of  an  important  post. 
2.  rural  dean. 

PrepOt6nt-e  ;  powerful.  Aff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -ello  dim.,  strong  boy,  -emente 
adv.,  -6ne  augm.  spreg.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.  or  iron. 

Prepot^nza/;  insolent  act  of  power. 

tPrepuntay:;  =  Coltrone,  quilt. 
Prepuzio  m.  (L.);  foreskin,     'pagan. 

*  Prereal  m. ;  Prairial,  the  ninth  Fr.  republican 
month. 

Prerogativa  X  (L.);  as  E. 

*  Prerutto  ;  =  Dirupato,  broken. 

Prds-a  f.  (It.  prendere)  ;  i.  seizure, 
capture,  catch ;  In  — ,  at  chess,  en 
prise;  Can  da  — ,  retriever.  2.  (mar.) 
prize,  captured  ship.  3.  —  d'  acqua, 
sea  cock.  4.  grasp,  grip,  pinch  (of 
snuff,  etc.).  5.  Dare  una  —  di...,  to 
think,  or  call  him  a...;  Se  non  vi 
chetate  vi  do  una  —  di  imbecille,  if  you 
are  not  quiet  I  shall  call  you  an  idiot ; 
A  far  questo  ci  sarebbe  da  avere  una 
-  di  cordone,  one  would  be  a  pretty 
good  fool  to  do  this.  6.  point  to  catch 


PRESACCHIO— PRESTINO 


459 


hold  of,  or  fig.  opportunity  for  acting  ; 
Sto  attento,  e  se  mi  da  un  po'  di  — 
P  agguanto  subito,  I  am  looking  out, 
and  if  he  gives  me  any  opportunity  I 
shall  seize  him  at  once.  7.  holder,  e.g. 
the  bunch  of  rags  a  woman  uses  for 
holding  the  flat  iron  when  too  hot  for 
the  hands.  8.  Far  — ,  of  the  mortar  in 
a  freshly-built  wall,  to  set ;  of  the  union 
of  a  broken  bone,  to  become  firm  ;  of  a 
plant,  to  establish  its  roots.  9.  Venir 
alle  -e,  to  come  to  close  quarters,  to 
fight.  10.  (mar.)  mooring-post.  II.  a 
division  of  silkworms,  when  they  are 
sorted  according  to  age.  12.  point  at 
which  water  is  drawn  for  use  from  a 
stream.  13.  (agric.)  a  division  of  land. 

*(MUS.)  an  S  placed  at  the  points  where  the  Guida 
or  subject  of  a  Canon  is  to  be  taken  up  by  the  several 
voices. 

Presacchio  HI.  ;  extra  foot-piece  on 
the  shaft  of  a  spade. 

Presagio  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sagacious) ;  presage. 

Presag-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  predict. 

Presago  or  Presago  ;  foreseeing. 

Presame  m.  (It.  rap-preso);  thistle- 
juice  or  the  like  used  instead  of  rennet 
for  curdling  milk. 

*Presantificato  ;  (eccl.)  (service)  performed  on 
Good  Friday. 

*  Presapere  ;  to  know  beforehand. 

*  Presare  ;=  Pregiare. 
Presbiopia/  (Gr.);  as  E. 
Presbite  (Gr.) ;  long-sighted. 
Presbiterale  ;  presbyterial. 

Presbiterato  m.\  (eccl.)  i.  ordi- 
nation to  priesthood.  2.  priesthood. 
3.  the  second  of  the  three  divisions  of 
the  Cardinals. 

Presbiterian-ismo,  -o;  as  E. 

Presbiterio  »/. ;  (eccl.)  i.  place  in  a 
church  for  the  priests.  2.  the  priests 
of  a  church,  collectively. 

Presbitismo  m.;  presbyopia. 

Presce'gliere ;  to  select  out  of  a 
large  number. 

•Prescia  f.  (variant  of  Pressa);  i.  haste, 
ii.  throng. 

Presci'en-te,  -za;  as  E. 

Pre-scindere  perf.  -scindei,  *  part,  -scisso ;  — 
da,  to  put  aside. 

*  Prescione  m.  \  —  Prigione. 

Presciutto,  Prosciutto  (Prosutto) 
m.  (L.prae-  or pro-exsuclus,<exsugere); 
ham. 

Preacrittibile  ;  (leg.)  subject  to  prescription. 
Prcscrittivo  ;  prescriptive. 

Pre-scrivere  perf.  -scrissi,  part. 
-scritto  ;  i.  to  prescribe.  2.  to  acquire 
prescriptive  rights  over.  3.  to  put  an 
end  to  ;  Prescritto,  barred  by  statute. 
Aff.  -scrizi6ne. 

Presede're  or  fop.  Presiedere  ind. 
pre-siedo  -siedi  -siede  -sedidmo  -sede'te 
-siedono,  perf.  -sede'i  or  -sedetti  -se- 
de'sti...-sederono  or  -sedettero,  part. 
-seduto  or  -sieduto ;  to  preside. 

*  Preseggenza  f.  ;=  Presidenza. 

Presella  /;  i.  dim.  Presa  (13), 
allotment  of  reclaimed  or  newly-culti- 
vated ground.  2.  rivet.  3.  iron  pin 
for  hammering  where  the  head  of  the 
hammer  will  not  go. 


Presello  m. ;  blacksmith's  hammer. 

*  Presensione  f.  (L. )  ;  =  Facolta  di  presentire. 
Presentabile  ;  presentable. 

*  Presentagione  /.;    i.  =  Presentazione.     ii.  in 
//.,  place  for  displaying  public  notices. 

*  Presentaneo ;  prompt. 

Present-are  ind.  presento ;  i.  to 
present.  2.  (mar.)  (a)  to  swing,  to  an 
anchor ;  -ata  alia  marea,  tide-rode, 
caused  by  the  tide  to  swing  with  the 
stern  to  windward,  wind  and  tide  being 
opposite  ;  so  -ata  al  vento,  when  the 
wind  is  stronger  than  the  tide  ;  (b)  — 
un  alberetto,  to  point  a  topgallant  mast 
through  the  cross-trees.  3.  —  un  pezzo, 
to  test  a  thing  before  fixing  it  in  its 
place. 

*  Presentario  ;  known  as  if  by  presence. 
Presentata/.;  i.  swinging,  v.  Presentare  (2). 

2.  swinging-space. 

Present-azione,  -e  (adj.  or  st.);  as  E. 

Etytn.  \-i.,<.prae,  setts  for  **es-etist  being, 
root  es,  to  be,  r(.  Skeat,  sub  Present. 

Presentcmente ;  at  present. 

Presentim^nto  ;  as  E. 

Presentfno  m. ;  i.  little  present.  2.  clapper 
little  fellow. 

Presentire  ind.  presento ;  i.  tr.  to 
anticipate  or  to  forebode.  2.  intr.  to 
have  a  presentiment. 

Presenza.A;  as  E.  in  all  senses. 

Presenzial-e ;  actually  present.  Aff. 
-mdnte. 

Presenziare  ind.  presenzio ;  to  be 
actually  present. 

*Presepe  in. ;  i.  poet,  for  Presepio.     ii.  securely, 
shut  place,     iii.  reception-room  for  babies,  creche. 

Presepio  ;«.  (L.  praesaepium,  •;>. 
Siepe) ;  i.  the  manger  where  Christ 
lay  as  a  baby.  2.  life-size  representa- 
tion of  the  Nativity,  cp.  Capannuccia. 

3.  stable,  generally. 

Preserella  / ;  dim.  Presa. 
Preserv-aminto,  -are  ind.  preserve,  -ativo, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azione  ;  as  E. 

Preslccio  ;  recently  caught  (bird). 
Presidato  m. ;  jurisdiction  of  a  Preside. 

Preside  m. ;  head  (of  a  school,  etc.). 

Presiden-te  /«.;  as  E.  Aff.  -tessa  — 's  wife, 
-za,  -ziale. 

Presidi-are  ;  to  guard.    Aff.  -ario. 

Presidio  m.  (L.) ;  i.  guard,  garrison. 
2.  fortress.  3.  (med.)  powerful  remedy. 

Presiedere  ;  pop.  for  Presedere. 

Presfna/;  dim.  Presa,  esp.  (med.) 
small  powder. 

Presino  m. ;  dim.  Presa,  esp.  small 
pinch  of  snuff. 

*  Presio  ;  i.  =  Pregiato.     ii.  as  *5.,  =  Pregio. 

*  Presistimazione  f.\  very  high  estimation. 

*  Presmone  m. ;  juice  flowing  from  unpressed 
grapes. 

Prdso  ;  part.  Prendere. 

Presolina  f.  \  dim.  Presa,  pinch  of  pepper,  etc. 

Pres6na/I;  angm.  Presa. 

Presone  ?«. ;  i.q.  Presona.     "prisoner. 

Presontuoso  ;  pop.  for  Presuntuoso. 

Pressa  /.  (It.  premere)  ;  i.  press, 
esp.  linen-press  ;  fig .  =  Premura,  eager- 
ness. 2.  pressure.  3.  throng.  4.  Far 
—  a  uno,  to  press  him,  beg  him  earnestly. 

Pressacarte  m.  indecl. ;  paper- 
weight. 

Pressantemente  ;  pressingly. 

Pressappbco  ;  approximately. 

Press-are  ind.  presso  (L.);  to  press.  Aff. 
-atura. 


Pressastoppe  m. ;  =  Premibaderne,  stuffing- 
box. 

•PressezzayC  (It.  presso);  neighbourhood. 

Pressi  m.  pi. ;  neighbourhood. 

Pressi6ne  / ;  pressure. 

Press-O  (L.  pressus,  cp.  Gr.  <ly\i, 
from  i*yxw>  to  squeeze)  ;  i.  near.  2.  — 
a  fare  una  cosa,  on  the  point  of  doing 
it.  3.  at ;  Ambasciatore  —  la  Corte 
di...,  ambassador  at  the  court  of.... 
4.  with ;  Screditare  il  Governo  —  il 
popolo,  to  make  the  Government  lose 
favour  with  the  people.  5.  into  ;  Fu 
introdotto  —  P  ufficio  dei  biglietti,  he 
was  introduced  into  the  ticket-office. 
6.  =  Circa,  about ;  —  a  tre  anni,  about 
three  years.  7.  —  noi,  amongst  us,  in 
our  country.  8.  —  che,  =  Quasi,  almost ; 
—  ch'  io  non  dissi,  I  almost  said.  9.  A 
un  di — ,  approximately,  io.  — a  poco 
inutile,  nearly  useless  ;  Press'  a  poco 
come  te,  pretty  much  like  you.  n.  in 
comparison  with.  12.  as  adj.,  near ; 
Per  la  piu  -a,  by  the  nearest  way. 
13.  (mar.)  Andare  al  piu  — ,  to  sail  as 
near  the  wind  as  possible. 

*  As  sit. .  =  Pressura.     Ridendoci  di  quei  gran  -i 
che  fa  la  fortuna,  laughing  at  the  troubles  which 
fortune  sends  us. 

Pressoche  ;  v.  Presso  (8). 

Press6io  in.  ;  =  Strettoio,  press. 
Pressura  y.;  =  Pressione,  pressure, 

Presta  f. ;  fee  for  service  of  a 
stallion  or  bull. 

*i.  loan.     ii.  abundance,     iii.  =Aggravio,  tax. 

Prestabil-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  fix  be- 
forehand. 

Prestame'nte ;  quickly. 
Prestame'nto  m. ;  lending. 

Prestana;  Rosa  — ,  =  Prenestina. 
Prestan6me  m. ;  nominal  party  to  a  purchase, 
the  real  purchaser  being  a  different  person. 

Prestante  ;  excellent,  distinguished. 

Prestantino  tn.\  (war.)  stemson,  a  curved 
piece  of  timber  fitted  to  the  inner  side  of  the  apron, 
Controrota  di  prora,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  i, 
fig.  6. 

Prest-anza  f.\   v.   -ante.     *i.   loan.     ii.    tax. 
iii.  =  Magistrate  delle  tasse,  Revenue-board. 
* Prestanz-iare  ;  to  tax.    *-one/w.;  tax.' 

Prest-are  ind.  presto  (L.  praestare 
in  the  sense  of  offering)  ;  i.  to  lend. 
2.  to  render  (obedience),  take  (an  oath). 
Aff.  -atdre,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Prestazi6ne/ ;  i.  =  Canone,  annual 
payment.  2.  in  //.,  v.  Prestare  (2). 

*  Prestere  in.  (Gr.  Trpyjcmjp) ;  i.    lightning  and 
storm,     ii.  =Dipsa,  a  species  of  snake. 

Prest-e"tto ;  dim.  of  -o.  -e>ole ; 
ready  to  work.  -6zza  f. ;  quickness. 

*  Prestigiare  ;  to  deceive  by  appearances. 

Prestigi-atdre  /«.,  -at6ra,  -atrice/ ; 
conjurer. 

Prestlgio  m.  (L.  praestigia,  illusion, 
<  praestringere,  to  tie  up,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Prestige)  ;  i.  illusion  ;  Giuoco  di  — , 
conjuring-trick.  2.  prestige,  dazzling 
influence.  In  this  sense,  the  word  is 
really  a  Gallicism,  as  in  English.  *As 
adj.,  illusive. 

Prestimbnia  /;  (eccl.)  benefice 
without  a  title. 

Prestino  adv.;  dim.  Presto. 


58—2 


460 


PRESTITO— PREZIOSO 


Prestito  m. ;  loan. 

Presto  (L.  praesto,  ready,  <  prae- 
stare,  to  proffer) ;  I.  quick.  2.  propitious, 
favourable.  3.  as  adv.,  quickly.  4.  soon. 
5.  as  sb.,  =  Prestito,  loan.  6.  =  Monte 
di  Pieta,  pawn-shop.  7.  as  part.,  syncop. 
for  Prestato.  t  Piu  — ,  =  Piuttosto,  rather. 

Presto  Gianni  ;  =  Prete  Janni,  Prester  John, 
the  mythical  Asiatic  Christian  sovereign  of  the 
Middle  Ages. 

Presuccia  /.  \  dim.  spreg.  Presa. 

Presule  in.  (L. ,  <ipraesilire,  to  lead  in  dancing) ; 
=  Prelato,  bishop. 

Prestim-ere  per/,  -e"i  or  presunsi, 
part,  presunto  ;  i.  to  presume,  be  pre- 
sumptuous. 2.  to  presume,  imagine. 
3.  to  estimate ;  Spesa  presunta,  pre- 
sumable expense  ;  Mai  si  presume  di 
che  colore  sia,  su  quest'  ora,  one  can 
hardly  judge  of  its  colour  now.  Aff. 
-ibile,  -ibilmente. 

Presuntiv-o  ;  presumptive.     Aff.  -amente. 
Presuntuos-aggine,  -amente,  -ello,  -etto, 
-ino,  -ita,  -o  ;  presumptuousness,  etc. 

Presunzion-e  f.\  as  E.  in  ali  senses.  AJf. 
-cella  dim. 

Presudla /!;  (ta/.)=Caglio,  bed-straw. 
Presuppo-rre  ;  to  presuppose.     Aff.  -sitivo. 
*Presuray^;   i.    taking,     ii.   arrest  or  right  to 
make  an  arrest,      iii.    (med.)   impediment,      iv.  = 
Presame.     v.  =Armilla,  bracelet. 
*Presvite  m.  ;  =  Prete,  priest. 
tPretayC;  =  Pietra,  stone. 

Pret-acchi6ne  augin.  spreg.,  -accio /*•££". ;  i>. 
-e. 

*  Pretaio  ;=  Pretaiolo. 

Pretai61-o ;  priest-ridden.  Politici 
-i,  politicians  clerically  disposed.  *  = 
Prataiolo. 

*Pretariay!;  quantity  of  priests. 
•Pretat-ico,    -o    m. ;   (eccl.)   i.  =  Presbiterato. 
ii.  priesthood. 

Pretazzublo  m. ;  spreg.  Prete. 

Pret-e  m.  (cogn.  early  It.  preite, 
Neapolitan  prevete,  preote,  Piedmont. 
preive,  Milan,  prevet,  Proven^,  prestes, 
priere,  preveire,  Span,  preste,  <  L.  pres- 
byter, =  Gr.  npea-fivTfpos,  <  npia-^vs,  cp. 
Sanskr.  puro-ga-s,  leader  ;  n-petr  = 
Sanskr.  puras,  in  front ;  /3us  is  for  yvs, 
Qomer,  cp.  /3aiVo>,  to  go  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Priest,  and  Prellwitz,  Etym.  Gr.,  sub 
npevfivs) ;  i.  priest.  2.  =  Cherico. 
3.  Zi'  — ,  a  sort  of  confidential  way  of 
addressing  a  priest,  not  known  to  the 
speaker.  4.  Come  la  cotta  del  -i,  of 
one  who  has  no  particular  convictions. 
5.  Da'  da  bere  al  —  che  il  cherico  ha 
sete,  said  of  one  who  asks  a  favour  for 
somebody  else  when  the  real  beneficiary 
is  to  be  himself.  6.  Esser  piu  i  birri 
che  i  -i,  more  debts  than  credits. 
7.  Sbaglia  il  —  all'  altare,  i.e.  mistakes 
are  possible  everywhere.  8.  —  Pino, 
v.  Nottolino  (2).  9.  Non  e  male  che 
il  --  ne  goda,  i.e.  not  a  mortal  ill- 
ness. 10.  Mondo  —  \  excl.  of  anger. 

11.  wooden  casing  for  a  warming-pan. 

12.  Pesce  — ,  star-gazer,  a  small  Medi- 
terranean fish,  v.  Uranoscopo.  13.  (dot.) 
Berretta  da  — ,  =Fusaggine,  spindle- 
wood,  from  the  shape  of  the  berries. 

*  Preteianni ;  v.  Presto  Gianni. 

*  Pretella  f.\  mould  for  casting. 

Pre-tendere  perf.  -t^si,  part.  -te"so 
(*-tenso)  (L.);  i.  to  claim.  2.  to  pro- 
fess. 3.  to  pretend.  4.  to  assert. 

Pretens-idney:;  as  E.    Aff.  -ionoso,  *-ioso. 


*Preteria_/;  priesthood. 

Preter-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  part. 
-ito  (L.) ;  i.  to  fail  of  effect.  2.  to 
omit.  3.  to  break  (an  engagement). 
4.  to  transgress  (an  order). 

Preterite  m.;  i.  (gram.)  perfect, 
preterite.  2.  pop.  =  Sedere,  rump. 

Preterizi6ney;;  a  rhetorical  omission  of  what 
is  said  in  effect. 

Preter-me'ttere  ;  to  pass  over.  Aff. 
-missione. 

Preternatural-e,  -mente;  as  E. 

Pretesa  f. ;  i.q.  Pretensione. 
Prete'sco  ;  priestly. 

Preteso  ;  part.  Pretendere. 

Pretessere  perf.  pretess-e"i,  part. 
-uto  (L.  praetexere)  ;  to  affect.  Pretes- 
sendo  lo  zelo  della  patria,  under  a  mask 
of  patriotism. 

Pretesta  f. ;  the  toga  praetexta. 

Pretestat-o;  wearing  the  toga  praetexta. 
Commedia  -a,  dealing  with  a  Roman  (not  Greek) 
subject. 

Pretesto  m.  (L. praetextus) ;  pretext. 

tPretina./;  =  Cecia,  hot  bottle. 

Pret-fno  m.  •  dim.  of  -e.  As  adj., 
spreg.  priestly. 

Pretismo  m. ;  spreg.  I.  priestcraft. 
2.  priestly  class. 

Pret-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  -e,  big  priest. 
*i.  =  Bacchettone,  bigot,  ii.  augm.  of 
Preta,  =  Pietra,  stone. 

Pret-6nzolo  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  of  -e. 

Pretdray;;  wife  of  the  Pretore. 

Pret6r-e  m.  (L.,  contr.  from  pra€'itorem,< 
ire,  to  go) ;  i.  praetor  in  ancient  Rome.  2.  police- 
magistrate.  Aff.  -la,  =  Pretura,  -iale,  adj. 

Pretorian-o  ;  i.  Praetorian.  2.  Tavoletta  -a, 
levelling  instrument. 

Pretdrio  ;  i.  of  a  praetor,  in  ancient  Rome  ; 
Uomo  — ,  one  who  had  been  a  praetor. .  2.  as  sb., 
praetor's  court.  3.  locality  of  the  general's  tent  or 
of  a  military  tribunal  in  a  Roman  camp.  4.  the 
permanent  camp  of  the  Pretorian  guard  in  Rome. 
5.  residence  of  a  provincial  governor  in  ancient 
Roman  times. 

•Preto-sello,  -semolo  »«.;  =  Prezzemolo. 

*  Pretoso  ;=  Pietroso,  stony. 

Prett-o  (prob.  contr.  of  It.  puretto, 
dim.  of  Puro) ;  pure,  -i  sogni,  mere 
dreams.  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Pretiicolo  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Prete. 

Pretura  yi;  office  or  term  of  office  of  a  Pretore, 
q.v.  (2). 

*  Pretuzzayl;  =  Pietruzza,  little  stone. 

Preval-enza  / ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ente- 
me"nte. 

Preval-<5re  ind.  prevalgo,  perf.  -si, 
part,  -so  or  -uto ;  to  prevail,  -ersi,  to 
avail  oneself. 

Prevaric-are  ind.  preva>ico  (L. 
praevaricari,  to  walk  crookedly,  < 
prae,  vanes,  distorted) ;  to  go  wrong, 
to  transgress.  —  dalla  fede,  to  desert 
the  true  faith. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Preve-dere,  conjug.  like  Vedere,  to  foresee. 
Aff.  -dfbile,  -dimento,  -ggente,  -ggenza. 

*Prevenday;  (L./rrttf<V«</rt);~Profenda,  a  feed 
(for  a  horse). 

Prevenire,  conjug.  like  Venire;  i.  to 
arrive  before  (another).  2.  to  anticipate 
(a  person,  in  doing  something).  3.  - 
un  obiezione,  to  meet  an  objection  be- 
forehand ;  —  danni,  to  provide  against 
possible  losses.  4.  to  warn. 


Preventivam^nte ;  in  anticipation. 

Preventivare ;  to  allocate  (an  ex- 
penditure to  be  incurred)  under  certain 
heads. 

Preventive ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Carcere 
— ,  detention  of  an  untried  prisoner. 
3.  Bilancio  — ,  estimated  budget.  4.  as 
sb.,  estimate  (of  expense). 

Prevenzi6n-e    /  ;      I.      movement 
speedier  than   that   of  an   adversary  ; 
Colle  -i  e  colle  diversion!  si  vincevano 
le  guerre,  success  in  war  was  to  be  won 
by  superior  quickness  and  by  diverting 
the  enemy's  attention.     2.   preparatory 
arrangement,    precautionary    measure. 
3.    knowledge  of  some  hindering   cir- 
cumstance ;     Sa    che    la    sua    parlata 
benche  viva  ed  efficace  per  se  stessa 
non  puo  produrre  effetto  veruno  ;  e  con 
tutta  questa  —  (lo  che  ad  altri  darebbe 
cagion   di  sbigottimento  e  di   silenzio) 
pur  vuol   parlare,  come  buono   e   fino 
italiano    ch'    egli    era,    he    (Petrarch) 
knows   that    all    he   can    say   however 
energetic     and     effective     intrinsically 
cannot   be   productive   of   any   result  ; 
still,  though   well   knowing  this  to  be 
the  case  (which  would  terrify  most  men 
into  silence),  he  is  determined  to  speak 
like  the  good  and  supple  Italian  that 
he  was.     4.   bias,  prepossession  for  or 
against  some  person  or  thing  ;  Egli  ha 
alle  mani  certi   argomenti  che   hanno 
subito  contro  di  se  la  —  di  chi  ascolta, 
he  is  dealing  with  certain  matters  which 
have  prepossessed  his  hearer  unfavour- 
ably towards  himself;   Con  tutta  la  — 
fondata  su  la  verita  e  su  la  esperienza 
che  s'  ha  delle  sue  sincere  maniere,  chi, 
per  vostra  fe,  il   potra  mai   in  questo 
aflfare  liberar  dal  sospetto,  che  egli...? 
However  much  one  may  be  biassed  in 
his  favour  by  actual  facts  and  by  one's 
experience  of  the  sincerity  of  his  con- 
duct,  is  there   anyone,   do   you   really 
think,  who  in  this   business   will   pro- 
nounce   him    not   guilty   of   having...? 
5.  (leg.)  Aver  luogo  la  — ,  an  expression 
used   (a)   when,   two    or   more  judges 
being  equally  competent  to  try  a  case, 
it  is  taken  before  one  of  them,  (b)  when, 
two  or  more  persons  having  equal  rights 
of  patronage,  one  of  them  makes  the 
nomination. 

*Prevertere,  Prevertire;  to  upset,  disorganise. 

Previamente ;  previously. 

Previden-temente  ;  with  foresight,  -za  f.', 
foresight. 

Previo  (L.  previus,  going  before,  <^prae,  i'ia)\ 
previous. 

Previsibile  ;=Prevedibile. 

Previsidne  /  ;  foresight.  Bilancio 
di  — ,  budget  estimate. 

Previssuto ;  previously  lived. 
Previsto  ;  part.  Prevedere. 

*Previte  m.;—  Prete,  priest, 

Prevbsto  m.  (L.  praeposlus)  ;  =  Pre- 
posto. 

*  Preziare  ;=  Pregiare,  to  value. 

¥rzz\6s-o(L..prt'tiosits) ;  i.  precious. 
2.  Farsi,  Renders!  — ,  («)  to  be  a  rare 
visitor,  (6)  to  be  a  man  of  few  words. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ita. 


PREZZA— PRINCIPONE 


*PrezzayI;=  Prezzo,  price. 

Prezzabile;  i.  valuable.  2.  v. 
Prezzare. 

Prezzaccio  w. ;  pegg.  Prezzo. 
*Prezzaiuolo  m.\=  Mercenario,  hireling. 

Prezzare  ind.  prezzo  ;  i.  to  appraise. 
2.  to  prize.  3.  Non  — ,  to  disregard. 

*i.  to  pay  for.     ii.  =  Pregiare,  to  praise. 

Prezzatdre  m. ;  valuer. 

PrezzemoMno  m.\  i.  dim.  of  -o. 
2.  little  dandy. 

Prezze'molo  (Pretesemolo,  Pretose- 
molo,  Pretosello)  m.  (cogn.  Sardinian 
pedrusimula,  Sicilian  petrusino,  Sien- 
nese  pitursello,  Fr.  persil,  Span,  perejil, 
<  L.  petroselinu»t,<  Gr.  TT(Tpo<ri\ivov) ; 
(bot.)  i.  parsley,  Apium  pctroselinitm, 
also  termed  Erba  buona,  v.  Erba  (18). 
2.  -  -  di  padule,  or  cannaiola,  marsh 
milk-parsley,  Selinum  parvifolium,  also 
termed  Selino  lattaiolo.  3.  —  velenoso, 
fool's  parsley,  Aethusa  Cynapium,  also 
termed  Erba  aglina  yelenosa. 

*  "•  fig-  astute  person,     ii.  (Diventar)  — ,  useless. 

Prezzo  m.  (L.  pretium)  ;  price.  — 
d'  affezione,  high  price  placed  upon 
what  one  is  attached  to.  Rompere  il 
— ,  to  abate  the  price.  Mettere  a  — , 
on  the  part  of  a  buyer,  to  price  ;  Ha 
messo  a  —  piii  capi  di  roba  e  poi  non 
ne  ha  comprato  alcuno,  he  agreed  upon 
the  price  of  several  things  and  then 
bought  none  of  them. 

*  i.  =  Riscatto.      ii.  fig .  =  Lucro.      iii.  =  Pregio. 
iv.  =Mercede,  payment,    pay.     v.  =Interesse,   rate 
of  interest,     vi.  =  Importanza.     vii,    A  — ,  =  A  gior- 
nata,  paid  by  the  day.     viii.  A  —  fatto,  =  A  cottimo, 
by   contract,      ix.    A   — ,  =  A   nolo.      x.    Manicare 
senza  — ,  to  eat  the  bread  of  idleness. 

•Prezzolaiuolo  ;«.;  mercenary. 

Prezzol-are  ind.  prezzolo  ;  to  hire 
(a  ruffian),  -ato,  venal. 

Pria  adv.  •  poet,  for  prima. 

Priapo  m. ;  —  marine,  a  species  olHolothurium 
or  sea-hedgehog. 

tPricciacquay;;  weak  wine-and-water. 
tPriccio;=Pretto,  Schietto,  simple. 

Priego  m.  ;  =  Prego,  prayer. 

*Prietay:;  =  Pietra,  stone. 
Prigioncella/;  narrow  prison. 

Prigidne  (Pregione)  (L.  prehen- 
sionem)  ;  i.  /  prison.  2.  m.  prisoner. 

Prigionia  /. ;  imprisonment. 

Prigioniere  in. ;  prisoner.  *prison- 
warder. 

Prigioniero  m.;  i.  i.q.  Prigioniere. 
2.  (mar.)  stud-bolt,  v.  Bollone. 

*  Prignolo  «.;=  Prugnolo. 

Prillare  ;  to  twirl. 

Prillo  m.  (**pirinulus,  dim.  of  L. 
pirus,  pear) ;  i.  =  Trottola,  top.  2.  spin- 
ning. 

Prima  adv.  •  i.  before.  2.  i.q.  Piut- 
tosto,  rather.  3.  formerly.  4.  first  of 
all.  5.  Quanto  — ,  as  soon  as  possible. 
6.  Come  — ,  as  soon  as  ever.  7.  (eccl.) 
as  sb.,  prime,  v.  Canonico  (3).  8.  (theat.) 
first  night. 

"Prim-accetto  or  -accio  «.;  =  Piumaccio,  pil- 
low. Pigharsela  col  primaccio,  to  be  under  an 
illusion. 

*  Primacciola  / ;  =  Primaiola. 

*  Primacciuolo  m.\  dim.  Primaccio,  cushion. 


*  Primaera  f. ;  ^  Primavera. 

Primaggio  m. ;  (ni,ir.)  primage,  percentage  oil 
the  freight  of  goods  given  by  their  shipper  to  the 
captain  of  the  ship,  also  termed  Diritto  di  cappa, 
"hat-money." 

•Primaio  ;=  Primo. 

Primai61a  /.;    t.    mother  with  a  first  baby. 

2.  sheep  placed  with  the  ram  in  spring. 

Primamente  ;=  Prima. 

Primano  ;  belonging  to  the  first  Roman  legion. 

*  Primante  ;=  Primo. 

Primariamente  ;  i.  in  the  first  place.  2.  prin- 
cipally. 

Primdrio  ;  i.  primary.    2.  principal. 

3.  =  Primitive. 

tPrimasso:  principal. 

Primate ;  i.  m.  (eccl.)  primate. 
2.  adj.,  principal. 

Primaticcio ;  i.  early.  2.  (plant) 
that  fruits  early.  *  premature. 

Primato  in. ;  primacy. 

Primaver-ay^  (L.  primus,  ver;  for 
ver  v.  Skeat,  sub  Vernal)  ;  j.  spring  ; 
Nel  tempo  che  perdette  la  madre  lei, 
ed  ella  — ,  when  her  mother  lost  (Pro- 
serpine) and  she  her  springtime,  D. 
Purg.  28.  51,  a  passage  the  meaning  of 
which  is  ambiguous  and  probably  was 
intended  so  to  be.  2.  (bot.)  (a)  —  minore 
or  zblfina,  primrose,  Primula  acaulis ; 
(b)  —  maggiore,  polyanthus  or  oxlip, 
Primula  elatior,  also  termed  Occhio 
di  civetta  ;  (c)  —  cinese,  Chinese  prim- 
rose, Primula  praenitens  ;  (d)  —  gialla 
a  mazzetti,  cowslip,  Primula  veris,  also 
termed  Erba  da  paralisi,  Orecchio 
d'  orso  giallo,  Violine  gialle  de'  monti. 
Aff.  -ile. 

Primazi-a/:;=Primato.     Aff.  -ale. 

Primeggiare  ind.  prime'ggio ;  to  take 
the  lead. 

*  Primero  ;=  Primitive,     In  — ,  =  Da  prima 
Primiceri-ale  adj.,  -ato,  headship,  r>.  -o. 

Primicerio  m.  (mlt.  <  L.  primus, 
cera,  wax,  therefore  orig.  first  writing 
on  a  wax  tablet)  ;  (eccl.)  premier,  head, 
S.  Stefano  —  de'  martiri,  St  Stepher 
the  protomartyr. 

Primidi  m. ;  first  day  of  the  month  in  the 
r  rench  republican  calendar. 

Primiera  /  (Fr.  prime,  prize) ; 
i.  primero,  a  card  game,  also  termed 
Bambara,  a  hand  in  which  consists  of 
four  cards.  2.  hand  containing  one 
card  of  each  suit.  3.  Andare,  Stare  a 
— ,  to  hold  three  cards  of  different  suits, 
wanting  only  one  of  the  fourth  suit  to 
make — .  4.  Ammazzar  la — ,  to  make 
a  —  better  than  the  opponent's.  5.  Voler 
far  —  con  tre  carte,  i.e.  to  want  a  thing 
regardless  of  rules.  6.  Naso  e  — ,  a 
form  of  the  game  where  the  hand  con- 
sists of  only  two  cards,  v.  Naso  (9). 
7.  paste  for  soup  made  in  shapes  of  the 
four  suits  of  cards. 

*  i.  Alia  —  ,  =  Alia  prima.     ii.  Di  - ,  formerly. 


ien 


dcscrivere  il  timore  chc  fiaTmo  quando  si  Irova "un 
cinquantacinque  ed  ha  la  mano  ed  ha  ogni  cosa,  che 
un  altro  non  gii  faccia  Una  —  addosso,  come  interviene 
bene  spesso,  o  vero  che  avendo  una  buona  primiera 
non  gh  sia  fatto  flusso?  who  can  describe  his  fear 
when  he  has  a  fifty.five  and  the  lead  and  all,  of 
somebody  making  an  odious  primero  against  him  or 
when  holding  a  good  primero  of  losing  to  a  flush  ? 

Primieramente  ;  in  the  first  place. 
•Primierante  in.;  a  player  at  Primiera. 

Primicr-etta  dim.  vezz.,  -Ina  or  -fno  dims., 
of -a.     Una  -ina  di  tre  figure  e  un  due,  a  primero  of 


three  court  cards  and  a  two.  Un  -ino  di  quattro 
figure,  a  primero  of  four  court  cards. 

Primtero  ;  first. 

Primier-uccia/.;  dim.  sprig,  of -a. 

Primigenio;  primitive.  Elefante  — ,  mam- 
moth, Elephas  primigenius. 

Primma/.;  (bot.)  primine,  exterior  integument 
of  the  ovule. 

Primipil-o  in. ;  centurion  of  the  first  maniple 
m  a  Roman  legion.  Aff.  -are. 

Primitiv-o  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Priml-zia,-zie(Premizia)/;  i.  first- 
fruits.  2.  =  Decima,  tithe.  *  founder  of 
a  family,  D.  Par.  16.  22. 

Prim-o  (L.) ;  i.  first.  2.  Materia 
-a,  raw  material ;  Pezzo  di  materia  -a, 
stolid  person.  3.  Minuto  — ,  minute, 
sixtieth  of  a  degree  or  of  an  hour  as 
opposed  to  Minuto  secondo,  a  second. 

4.  prime  (number).     5.    In  sul  — ,  at 
first ;    In   sulle   -e,  at   the   beginning ; 
Alia  -a,  at  once.    6.  Moto  primo  primo, 
or  primo  primi,  instantaneous,  instinc- 
tive movement.    7.  -a  lettera,  =  Prima  di 
cambio,  first   of  exchange.     8.   (com.) 
Libro  -e  note,  =  Brogliazzo,  waste-book. 

*i.  Come  Jepte  alia  sua  -a  mancia,  like  Jephthah 
in  his  vow  to  sacrifice  that  which  he  should  first 
meet,  D.  Par.  5.  66.  ii.  —  tempo  =Primavera, 
spring. 

Primogenit-o  ;  i.  first-born.  2.  fig.  Dalmazia 
provincia  -a  della  repubblica  veneta,  the  favoured 
province  of  the  Venetian  republic. 

Primogeniture  m. ;  first  parent. 

Primogeniturayl;  i.  as  E.  2.  in  pi.,  heir- 
looms. 

Primola  (Primula)/;  (tat.)  primula.  *  = 
Pnmaiola. 

Primonato ;  i.q.  Primogenito. 

Primordi-ale  ;  as  E.     -o  m.;  beginning. 
,Principal-e(L.);  i.  as  E.     2.  (ana.) ^..foun- 
dation stop  of  an  organ,     -ato  OT.  ;  head-mastership. 

Pnncipalita  /;  i.  important  matter.  2.  head- 
ship. 

^         Principalmente  ;  as  E. 

Principato  m. ;  I.  dignity  of  prince. 
2.  rule,  government.  3.  principality, 
i.e.  (a)  petty  kingdom,  or  (6)  the  third 
grade  of  angels.  4.  Tenere  il  — ,  to  be 
first  (in  a  science,  or  art),  usti.  primato. 

5.  Popedom. 

Princip-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Prince);  i.  prince;  --  del  sangue, 
belonging  to  the  royal  family  in  the 
male  line  ;  —  di  Napoli,  title  of  the 
heir  to  the  throne  of  Italy  ;  ---  sere- 
nissimo,  the  Doge  ;  —  vescovo,  title  of 
the  Bishops  of  Trent  and  Breslau ;  -i  di 
Santa  Chiesa,  the  Cardinals.  2.  quasi- 
fig.  chief  personage.  3.  (hist.)  in  pi., 
the  soldiers  of  the  second  line  in  the 
Roman  legion.  4.  as  adj.,  Edizione  — , 
first  edition. 

Aff.  -escamente  ai/v.,  -esco  princely,  -essa  / 
-essina  dim.  f.,  -etto  dim. 

Principi-are  ind.  princfpio  principi 
principia,  etc. ;  to  begin.  Aff.  -ativo. 

*  Principiatore  >«. ;  founder. 
Principino  m. ;  dim.  Principe. 

Princlpio  pi.  princip-i,  -i,  or  -ii,  ;//. 
(L.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Principle) ;  i.  be- 
ginning;  Ond'  io  -  piglio,  whom 
(Venus,  the  pagan  goddess)  I  am  now 
taking  as  my  starting-point,  D.  Par.  8. 
io.  2.  source.  3.  principle.  4.  at  a 
dinner,  hors  d'ceuvres,  snack  of  anchovy 
or  olives  before  beginning  the  regular 
dinner. 

Princip-6ne  m. ;  augm.  scherz.  of  Principe, 
-otto  m.;  dim.  spreg.  petty  ruler,  -uccio  m.; 
ruler  of  a  petty  state. 


462 


PRINCISBECCHE— PROCURATORIA 


Princisbecche  m. ;  pinchbeck,  an 
alloy  of  copper  88  parts,  zinc  and  tin 
6  parts  each,  so  called  from  its  inventor, 
a  London  watchmaker  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  Rimaner  di  — ,  to  cut  a  sorry 
figure. 

Pri6ra/;  (eccl.)  I.  prioress.  2.  in 
pi.,  matrons  selected  to  manage  certain 
processions. 

Pri6r-e  m. ;  I.  one  of  the  six  priors 
in  the  Florentine  republic.  2.  (eccl.) 
second  minister  of  a  church,  next  to  the 
Pievano.  3.  prior  of  an  Order.  4.  head 
of  a  university.  5.  prior  of  a  monastery 
next  to  the  abbot.  6.  at  Italian  billiards, 
the  largest  of  the  Birilli.  Aff.  -ale  adj., 
Chiesa  -ale,  church  whose  chief  minister 
is  a  prior  ;  -ato,  priorship. 

Prioria  f. ;  (eccl.)  the  church  and 
cure,  or  the  revenues,  of  a  prior. 

Priorista  m. ;  roll  of  the  Florentine 
priors.  *Guardare  il  — ,  to  be  a  re- 
specter of  human  ordinances. 

Priorita./;  as  E. 

Prisc-o  (L.);  early,  primitive.    Aff.  -amente. 
Prism-a  m.  (Gr.  irpiu,  to  saw);  prism.     AJf. 
•atico,  -6tto  -ettino  dims. 

*  Priso  ;  i.  =  Preso.     ii.  =  Pregio. 
tPrispolayl;  (<?r«iM.)  =  Pispola,  meadow-lark. 

Prispol6ne  tn. ;  (prnith.')  tree-pipit  or  tree-lark, 
Anthns  arboreus,  also  termed  Pispola  rnaggiore, 
Tordina. 

*Pristiy:;=Pistre. 

*  Pristinfi  m.  ;=  Fornaio. 
Pristin-o  (L.) :  as  E.    Aff.  -amente. 
Pritaneo  m.\  in  ancient  Greece,  prytaneum. 

*  Privaio  m. ;  privy. 

*Privanza  f.\  i.  intimacy,     ii.  =Protezione. 

Priv-are  (L.) ;  to  deprive,  -arsi  di, 
to  abstain  from. 

*  Private./ ;  i.  secret  passage,   ii.  =  Fogna,  sewer. 

Privativa  f. ;  patent,  v.  Privative 
(2) ;  in  pi.,  letters  patent. 

Privativam6nte ;  in  an  exclusive 
way. 

Privativ-0 ;  i.  (gram.)  privative. 
2.  exclusive  ;  Vendita  -a,  or  as  sb.,  -a, 
monopoly,  v.  Privativa.  *  =  Agevole, 
Addomesticato. 

Private ;  i.  private.  2.  as  sb., 
favourite  (of  a  king).  *latrine. 

•Privatura./;  buflalo-milk  cheese. 

Privazibne/ ;  i.  asE.  2.  depriva- 
tion. 

*  Privigno  tn.  (L.)  ;  =  Figliastro,  stepson. 
Privilegiare  ind.  privilegio;  as  E. 

*i.  to  bestow,     ii.  to  enfeoff.     iii.  to  forbid. 

Privilegio  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  as  E.  i.  (cam.)  —  sul 
carico,  lien  upon  a  ship's  cargo  (for  payment  of 
freight  and  demurrage).  *enfeoffment,  feu. 

Privo  ;  deprived. 

*  Prizzato  ;=  Brizzolato,  speckled. 

Pr6  m.  (from  the  L.  preposition) ; 
advantage,  profit.  Far  — ,  of  food,  to 
do  good.  Dare  il  buon  — ,  to  a  person 
eating,  to  express  a  wish  that  his  food 
may  do  him  good.  *i.  =  Prode.  ii.= 
Molto. 

C3"  In  composition  Pro  often  has 
the  sense  of  publicly,  as  in  Proverbio, 
Prorogare. 

*  Proaulo  in. ;  ante-chamber. 

Proav-o  m.,  -*f.\  great-grandfather  or  mother. 

Probabil-e,  -iorismo,  -ismo,  -ita,  -me"nte  ; 
as  E. 

43T  Probabilism  in  Catholic  theology  is  the 
doctrine  in  casuistry  that  where  there  are  two 
probable  opinions,  both  reasonable,  one  may  follow  his 
own  inclination,  as  a  doubtful  law  cannot  impose  a 


certain  obligation :  whilst  Probabiliorism  teaches  that 
it   Is   lawful    to  follow   one's  inclination  only  when 
there  is  a  more  probable  opinion  in  its  favour. 
Prob-amente  ;  v.  -o. 

Probatic-o  (Gr.) ;  Piscina  -a,  the 
pool  of  Bethesda  at  Jerusalem. 

Probative  ;  tending  to  prove. 
Probat6rio  ;  (leg.)  Tempo  — ,    period  allowed 
for  furnishing  proof. 

*  Probbto  w.;  =  Obbrobrio. 
Probita/;  v.  Probo. 

Probiviri  m.  pi. ;  scrutineers. 

Problem-a  ;«.  (L.,<Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -atica- 
me'nte,  -atico,  -ino  dint.,  -one  augtn. 

Pr6b-o  (L.  pro-bus,  =  Sanskr.  prabkus,  pro- 
minent, <f>ro,  in  front,  and  the  root  bhtt,  be);  just. 
-i  viri,  71.  Probiviri. 

Probdscid-e  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  irpo,  in  front, 
Patricia,  to  feed) ;  proboscis.  Aff.  -ata  blow  therewith. 
*Procacceyole ;  industrious. 

*  Procacchia  f. ;  =  Porcellana,  purslane. 

Procaccia  ;//. ;  carrier.  Non  man- 
dare  a  dir  le  cose  per  il  — ,  i.e.  to  speak 
out  plainly  and  at  once. 

*  Procaccia  f.\=  Procacciamento. 

Procacci-amdnto  m. ;  ?/.  -are.  La 
sollecitudine  intorno  al  -  -  de'  beni 
umani  fu  gia  vietata  da  Cristo,  solici- 
tude about  acquiring  worldly  goods  was 
of  old  forbidden  by  Christ.  La  tema  di 
Domeneddio  sia  —  tuo,  let  the  fear  of 
God  be  that  which  you  strive  to  attain. 

Procacci-are  (L.  pro,  **captiare, 
Jreq.  of  capio^  to  take)  ;  to  procure  by 
hard  work.  Aff.  -at(5re,  -atrice. 

Procaccina  / ;  woman  who  works 
as  a  carrier  or  makes  a  business  of 
taking  people's  goods  to  the  pawnshop, 
t  industrious  woman. 

Procaccfno  ///. ;  i.q.  Procaccia,  car- 
rier. Fare  il  — ,  to  be  constantly  running 
about.  *industrious  frugal  person. 

*Procacc-io  m. ;  i.  acquisition;  E  per  altri  loro 
-i  per  superbia  ed  invidia  incominciarono  a  riottare 
insieme  tra  loro,  and  as  for  the  rest  of  their  gains 
through  pride  and  envy  they  began  to  quarrel  amongst 
themselves  ;  In  Firenze  venne  il  santo  braccio  di 
San  Filippo..,lasciamo  star  di  cui  fosse  il  — ,  there 
came  to  Florence  the  holy  arm  of  St  Philip. ..we  will 
not  say  by  whose  efforts  this  was  brought  about ;  E 
tal  —  fece  sanza  inganni  un  monaco  di  que'  di 
Vallombrosa,  this  acquisition  was  ingeniously  made 
by  a  monk  of  Vallombrosa.  ii.  profit,  advantage, 
iii.  preparation  (for  war),  iv.  interposition,  action; 
Per  —  e  virtu  de'  Fiorentini...fecer  pace,  through 
the  intervention  and  good  offices  of  the  Florentines 
they  made  peace;  II  —  lor  fu  molto  forte  con  Papa 
Bonifazio  per  qual  cosa...mando,  their  action  pro- 
duced a  great  impression  upon  Pope  Boniface  so 
that. ..he  sent.  v.  Andare  in  — ,  =  Andare  in  busca, 
to  go  out  in  quest,  vi.  =  Procaccia,  carrier ;  Mander6 
a  Vostra  Patermta  per  quest'  altro  —  Ia  correzione 
del  discorso,  I  will  send  the  correction  of  the  sermon 
to  your  Reverence  by  to-morrow's  carrier ;  Ne  Ii 
bastando  piu  1'  ammo  d*  andare  in  — ,  and  not  having 
the  courage  to  go  again  in  the  carrier's  cart. 

Procac-e  (L.^<procare,  var.  of  prc- 
cari)  ;  saucy. 

Aff.  -em^nte  adv.,  -ia  or  -ita  sb. 
*  Procanto  w.;  =  Proemio,  preface. 
*Procazare  ;=Procacciare,  to  procure. 
*Procciano  ;  =  Prossimo. 
fProcebo  ;  Venire  a  — ,  to  come  to  a  conclusion. 

Procedfcnzay". ;  (tkeol.)  procession  of  the  Spirit. 

Proced-ere  per/,  -ei  or  -etti,  part,  -uto  or 
*processo;  to  proceed. 

Proced-irn^nto  m.\  progress,     -ura^;  as  E. 

Proceleumatico  m.\  foot  of  four  short  syllables. 

ProcMla  /  (L.;  for  -cella  cp.  L. 
ce/er,  Gr.  ic«XXa>,  to  urge) ;  storm. 

Procellaria  _/. ;  (orttitk.)  i.  stormy  petrel, 
Procellaria  pelagica,  also  termed  Uccelletto  delle 
tempeste,  Frengueletto  de  mar,  Rinninuni  di  mari, 
Giaurru.  2.  —  a  coda  forcuta,  fork-tailed  petrel, 
Procellaria  Leackii,  also  termed  Uccello  della  tem- 
pesta  culbianco.  3.  —  fuliginosa,  Mother  Carey's 
goose,  Puffinus  griseus. 


Procell6s-o;  stormy.    Aff.  -amente. 

*  Proceri  in.  pi.  (L.  proceres);  magnates. 

*  Procero ;  lofty. 

Process-abile;  v.  -are.    -accio  tn. ;  pegg,  of -o. 

Processare  ind.  proc£sso ;  to  bring 
(a  prisoner)  to  trial. 

Processionale;  i.q.  Processionario. 
Processionalm6nte;  in  solemn  procession. 
Processionare  ind.  processiono  ;  to  go  in  pro- 
cession. 

Processionari-o ;  Larve  -e,  the  eater- 
pi  liars  of  Bombyx  processioned  ;  they 
are  covered  with  long  grey  hairs,  very 
fine  and  brittle,  which  sting  like  nettles, 
producing  a  very  severe  irritation.  The 
name  is  from  the  habit  which  the 
creatures  have  of  marching  out  to  feed 
in  a  long  string,  with  the  head  of  each 
close  to  the  tail  of  its  predecessor. 

Proccssion-cdllay;;  dim.  of-e. 

Processi6ne  f.;  as  E.  Andare,  Mandare  a 
— ,  to  go,  or  send  about.  11  cervello  gli  va  a  — j  he 
lets  his  brain  wander  all  over  the  place. 

Proc&sso  nt.  (L.) ;  i.  (leg.)  trial  ; 
Gente,  or  Roba  da  — ,  scoundrelly  ras- 
cals. 2.  — verbale,  minutes.  3.  process. 

*i.    progress,   improvement,      ii.    procedure,    D. 
Par.  17.  67. 

Processuale;  v.  Processo(i). 

Prdci  «/.  pl.  (L.) ;  the  suitors  in  the  Odyssey. 

Procid^nza  f.\  (med.)  dropping. 

Procinto  (L.  procinctiis) ;   In  — ,  ready. 
*i.  on  the  point  of  (doing),     ii.  in  peri!. 

Procibne  tn.  (Gr.  wpoKifwc ,  from  the  position  of 
Procyon  relative  to  the  dog-star);  i.  the  star.  2.  a 
genus  of  American  plantigrades,  including  raccoons 
and  coatis. 

Proclama  m.\  i.  written  proclamation.  2.  in 
//.,  banns  of  marriage. 

Proclam-are,  -atore,  -azidne ;  as  E. 

Proclitico;  proclitic,  e.g.  me  in  methinks. 

Proclfv-e  (L.) ;  inclined,  disposed. 
Aff.  -ita. 

*  Procoio  ;  i.q.  Proquoio,  drove. 

Prbcolo  m. ;  (theat.)  agent,  inter- 
mediary, probably  from  Proculus  the 
Roman  Senator  to  whom  Romulus  ap- 
peared, saying  he  wished  to  be  wor- 
shipped as  Quirinus. 

Procdmbere,  perf.  and  pass.  part. 
not  used  (L. ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Procum- 
bent) ;  i.  to  fall.  2.  of  a  plant  which 
has  failed  to  take  root,  to  fall  down. 

Proc6ndilo  tn.  (Gr.  itoi'SuXos,  knuckle);  (anal.) 
last  phalanx. 

Proconsol-are,  -ato,  -e  ;  as  E. 

Proc6nsolo  m. ;  an  official  in  medieval  Florence. 

Procrastin-are  (L.,  <  eras,  to-morrow);  as  E. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -azione. 

Procre-are  ind.  procreo;  as  E.  Aff.  -dbile, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

Procronismo  m. ;  assigning  an  earlier  date 
than  the  true  one. 

*  Procuoio  ;  v.  Proquoio. 

Prociira  /  ;  i.  (leg.  and  com.) 
(a)  procuration,  (o)  power  of  attorney 
(the  document).  2.  --  di  Stato,  the 
office  of  the  Procuratore  or  the  officials 
there  employed.  3.  agency. 

Procurare  ind.  procure;  i.  to  procure.  2.  intr. 
to  take  care. 

*i.  to  administer,  ii.  to  take  care  of,  to  cure. 
Hi.  to  cultivate  (a  garden),  iv.  to  pay  attention. 
v.  to  act  as  agent  for.  vi.  to  examine,  investigate. 

Procurat-essa  the  wife,  -ia  the  official  resi- 
dence, of  the  Procuratore  of  St  Mark's  at  Venice. 

Procuratorato  m.\  office  of  Procuratore. 

Procurat6re  m. ;  (leg.)  i.  solicitor. 
2.  attorney.  3.  — •  del  re,  or  Regio 
— ,  public  prosecutor.  4.  —  generale, 
lawyer  representing  the  Government  in 
the  appeal  Courts,  Attorney-general. 

Procuratbria/;;  at  Venice,  i.q.  Procuratia. 


PROCURAZIONE— PROLIFICAZIONE 


463 


Procurazidne  f. ;  i.  v.  Procurare. 
2.  (ecd.}  provision  of  the  necessaries  of 
life  for  bishops  when  travelling.  3.  at 
Venice,  =  Procuratia. 

*  Procureria  f.\    i.  =  Procuratia.      ii.    office  of 
Procuratore. 

Pr6da/  (A)  (O.H.G. proth,=prort, 
brort,  edge  ;  akin  to  A.S.  brerd,  briord, 
brim,  and  brord,  a  spike,  i.e.  a  sharp 
end,  whereas  brerd  is  a  sharp  edge ;  cp. 
E.  brad,  a  certain  kind  of  nail,  and 
bradawl) ;  edge,  properly  edge  of  the 
bank  of  a  river,  but  by  extension  used 
for  the  edge  of  a  bed,  border  of  a  field, 
etc.  Proda  proda,  =  Marina  marina, 
along  the  shore. 

*(B)  (L.  prora,  altered  under  attraction  of  Proda, 
A) ;  prow. 

Prodagnolay:;  (4o0/*r.)dM  part  of  the  upper 
which  touches  the  sole. 

tProdaiayi;  edge  of  a  wood. 

Prodan-o  m.  (Gr.  wporovos,  fore-stay)  ;  =  Cavo- 
buono,  v.  Cavo  (B,  21),  or  generally,  any  strong 
rope.  Aff.  -etto  dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -uccio  or 
-uzzo  dim.  $preg. 

Pr6de  ;  valiant. 

*i.  virtuous.  As  sb.\  ii.  advantage;  A  suo  — , 
for  his  own  good,  D.  Par.  7.  26.  iii.  usury. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^,  pros,  prozt  old  Fr.  prou 
(>  Fr.  preux,  brave),  proh.  <  L.  prodesse,  to  benefit, 
•V.  Skeat,  sub  Prowess. 

Prodecano  ;;/.;  vice-dean. 

Prodeggiare  ind.  prode*ggio  ( 1 1. 
proda) ;  i.  (mar.)  to  coast  along  the 
shore.  2.  to  row  a  galley  against  the 
wind.  3.  =  Bordeggiare,  to  beat  to  wind- 
ward. 4.  —  Attenere  alle  manovre  di 
prua,  to  appertain  to  the  rigging  of  the 
fore-part  of  a  ship.  5.  to  lead  (a  herd) 
along  the  border,  v.  Proda  (A). 

Prodeggio  m.;  (mar.)t.  =  Bordeggio,  tacking. 
2.  =Prodese,  cable. 

Prodemente  ;  valiantly; 

*  Prodese  m.  (It.  proda,  B);  =  Provese. 

Prode*zza  (Proezza)  /  (It.  prode) ; 
prowess. 

Prodj-cella,  -cfna  ;  dims.  Proda  (A). 

Prodiera,/  (It.  proda,  B);  (mar.)  wave  thrown 
up  by  the  bow. 

Prodiere  /«.  (It.  proda,  B) ;  (mar.)  i.  bow- 
oarsman,  or  sailor  in  charge  of  anything  at  the  bows. 
2.  leading  vessel  of  a  squadron  in  line,  or  any  vessel 
of  such  squadron  in  relation  to  the  following  one, 
termed  Poppiere. 

Prodig-alita,  -alizzare,  -almente  or  -a- 
mente,  -are ;  v.  -o. 

jdT  -alizzare  and  -are  both  mean  "  to  squander," 
but  the  latter  often  in  good  sense.  Prodigare  la  vita 
per  la  patria,  to  be  regardless  of  one's  life  for  the 
country's  sake. 

Prodfgi-o  m.  (L.,  <pro,  **«-/«;«,<  the  same 
root  as  aio,  to  say,  v.  Skeat,  suo  Prodigy) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -osame'nte,  -osita,  -oso. 

Prddigo  (I,.,  <pro,  ago,  to  act)  ;  prodigal. 

Prodfna/;  dim.  Proda  (A). 

Prodissimo;  superl.  of  Prode. 

Proditdrio  (term  of  criminal  law)  (L.);  trea- 
cherous. 

Prodittat6re  m.  (L.);  pro-dictator. 
*Prodizioney;  (L.) ;  treachery. 

*  Prodo  ;=  Prode,  valiant. 

*  Prodolo  m.\  dim.  Proda. 

Pr6domo  m. ;  superior  of  the  Knights  of  Malta. 
Prodbnay^;  attgm.  Proda. 

Prod6tto  ;  part.  Produrre.  As  sb., 
product. 

Prbdromo  m.  (Gr.  Trpo&popos) ;  i.  pre- 
cursor. 2.  =  Proemio,  preface. 

Produc-ibile,  -imento,  -it6re,  -itrice  ;  pro- 
ducible, etc. 

*Produomo  »/.;  =  Uomo  prode. 

Pro-durre  ind.  -duco  -duci  -duce 
-ducidmo  -duce'te  -ducono,  imperf.  -du- 
ceVo,  per/,  -dussi  -ducdsti,  fut.  -durro, 


subj.  -duca,  part,  -dotto  (L.)  ;  to  pro- 
duce. —  in  pubblico,  to  publish.  Sapere 
—  in  carta,  to  be  able  to  write. 

*i.  to  guide,     ii.  to  prolong. 
Produttiv-o  ;  productive.     Aff.  -ita. 
Produt-t6re  m.,  -trice  _/".;  producer. 
ProduzidneyC;  i.  production.     2.  (anat.)  pro- 
longation. 

*  Proeggiare  ;  =  Prodeggiare  (3). 
Proemi-ale,  -are  i>b.,  -£tto  <£'/».;  v.  -o. 

Proemio  m.  (L.,  <Gr.,  <7rpo, 
path,  cp.  «/u,  ire,  to  go) ;  preface. 

*  Proenza_/?;  (geogr.)  Provence. 

*  Proero  w.;  =  Prodiere. 

*Pro-ese,  -ezza ;  v.  Provese,  Prodezza. 

Profan-o  (L.,  <pro,  fanum,  i.e.  outside  the 
temple);  as  E.  Aff.  -amente,  -ame'nto,  -are  vb., 
-atore,  -ato"ra,  -atrice,  -azidne,  -ita. 

*  Prof-are  (L.) ;  to  speak,     -ato,  as  st>.,  maxim. 

Profenda  (Provenda,  Provianda)  / 
(for  Provenda,  <  L.  praebenda,  the  v 
changing  to  f  through  attraction  from 
proferire) ;  provender. 

*  Proferenza./;  offering,  gift. 

*  Proferere  ;    i.  —Proferire.      ii.  =  Manifeslare. 
iii.  as  sb.,  utterance,     iv.  =  Preferire. 

t  Profergere  ;=  Proferire. 

Profer-ire,  Proffer-ire  ind.  -isco, 
perf.  proferii,  parts,  proferente  pro- 
ferfto,  *proferto  (L.  proferre] ;  I.  to 
utter.  2.  to  pronounce  judgment. 
3.  to  proffer ;  -irsi,  to  proffer  one's 
services. 

Aff.  -ibile,  -imento,  -itore,  -itora,  -itrice. 

Profert-a,  Proffert-a/ ;  offer.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Profess-are  ind.  professo,  -ionale  ;  as  E. 

Professi6ne  f.\  i.  as  E.  2.  monastic  Rule. 
3.  di  — ,  (a)  by  profession,  *(5)=Ex  professo,  v. 
Professo. 

Professionista  m.  or_/I;  professional. 

Professo ;  i.  (eccl.)  professed  (monk,  or  nun). 
2.  syncop.  for  Professato.  3.  Ex  — ,  (L*tmMm)«fe>.. 
=  Di  proposito,  Con  fondamento;  Discorre  ex  —  di 
tutto,  he  discusses  everything  with  the  authority  of 
a  professor. 

Profess6r-ay^,  -e  m.  (L.  prof essus^  part,  of 
profiteer,  to  speak  out,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Confess) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -ale  or  -iale  professorial,  -ato  professorship,  -ello 
dim.  $preg.,  -ino  dint,  vezz.,  -one  augm.  great  pro- 
fessor, -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Profet-a  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  prophet.  Ajff~.  -are 
ind.  profeto  to  prophesy  by  divine  inspiration, 
-eggiare  ind.  profet^ggio  to  prophesy  (evil),  -icame'nte, 
-ico,  -izzamento,  -iziare  to  prophesy  by  human  fore- 
sight. 

Profettizio  (L.  profecticius)',  (teg.)  inherited 
on  the  father's  side. 

*  Profetto  m.  ;=  Profitto. 
Profezlay^  (L.  prophetia) ;  prophecy. 
Profferire  and  deriv. ;  v.  Profenre. 

*  Proffilare  ;  v.  Profilare. 
Proficiente  (L.)  ;  progressing. 
Proficfscere  ;  Amvare  a  — ,  sckerz.  to  be  at 

the  point  of  death. 

Proffcu-o(L.);  useful,  beneficial.    Aff.  -ame"nte. 

*  Profigurato ;  likened. 

Profil-are  ind.  profilo  (Proffilare) ; 
i.  to  draw  in  profile.  2.  to  ornament 
the  edge  or  end  of  a  thing  ;  —  una 
cornice,  to  put  an  edging  to  a  frame  ; 
-arsi,  to  be  outlined  ;  Ora  nel  cielo  si 
-avano  enormi  macigni  rossastri,  huge 
reddish  masses  were  now  outlined  in 
the  sky  ;  Corpo  ben  -ato,  a  body  sharply 
outlined  ;  Colonne  -ate  d'  argento,  pil- 
lars silvered  over  at  the  corners  ;  Naso 
-ato,  sharp  nose.  Viso  -ato,  sharp- 
featured  face. 

Profilassi  /  ;  (med.)  prophylactic. 

Profilat6io  m.\  graving  tool. 

Profilattico  ;  (med.}  prophylactic. 

Profilatura/ ;  i.  outlining.  2.  i.q. 
Profilo  (3). 


Profile  m.  (L.  pro,  filum,  thread  ; 
the  sense  of  profile  may  be  from  a 
shadow,  the  front  line  of  which  forms 
a  profile) ;  i.  profile.  2.  (arch.}  (a)  view 
in  section,  (&}  side-elevation.  3.  =  Orla- 
tura,  edging  of  a  dress,  the  same  as 
Profilatura  (2).  *some  kind  of  anvil. 

Profime  m.;  a  connecting  piece  of  the  stock  of 
a  plough. 

Profitente  m. ;  one  making  ceremonial  pro- 
fession. 

Profittare  ;  to  profit ;  of  a  plant,  to  flourish. 

Profitt-o  m.  (L.  pro/ectum) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -eVole, 
-evolm^nte. 

*  Profizio  ;=  Prosit,  may  it  do  you  good  ! 

*  Profligare  (L.)  ;  to  destroy,  to  crush. 
Profluvio  »/.  (L.) ;  flood,  outburst. 
Profond-are  ind.  profondo ;  i.  to  sink,  tr.  or 

intr.  2.  to  deepen.  3.  -arsi,  to  penetrate.  *i.  — 
di,  to  send  an  abundance  of.  ii.  -ato,  ruined.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Prof6ndere  perf.  profusi,  part,  pro- 
fuso  (L.) ;  to  lavish. 

Profond-ita./;  depth.     -it6re  m.;  v.  -ere. 
Prof6nd-o  (L.);  deep.     As  tiafz>.,  deeply.     Aff. 

-amente. 

Prof6sso  m. ;  (mil.)  provost-marshal. 

Etym.  Germ.  Profoss,  <  O.Fr.  provos,  for 
Provost,  <  L.  propositus,  put  forward  ;  cp.  Fr.  pr&vdt 
for  prcvost,  <  L.  praepositus. 

Pr6fugo  (L.);  exiled. 

Profumare  (old  It.  perfumare,  <  L. 
per^fumare,  to  smoke)  ;  to  perfume. 

Profumatame'nte ;  Pagare  — ,  to  pay  hand- 
somely. 

Profum-atdre    m.,     -atrice  f. ;     perfumer. 

*  -atuzzo   /«.;    fop.      -eria  f.;    perfumery    store. 

*  -ico   m. ;    scent   from   burning,     -iera  yi;    scent- 
bottle,     -iere/;/.;  i.  perfumer.     2.  tray  for  burning 
perfumes.     *-ino/«.;  i.  =Profumiere.     \\.fig.  fop. 
-o  HI.',  perfume. 

Profus-am^nte,  -i6ne  ;  as  E. 

Profuse* ;  profuse.     As/ar/.,  v.  Profondere. 

Progeni-e./,  -t6re  m. ;  as  E. 

Progett-o  m.  (Fr.  projet) ;  project. 
Per  — ,  on  purpose.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-are  v&.,  -mo  dim.  vezz.,  -ista  schemer. 

Proginnasma  ;«.  (Gr.) ;  preliminary  gym- 
nastics. 

Progiudicare  ;  pop.  for  Pregiudicare. 

Pr6gneyC;  i.  (myth.)  Procne,  sister  of  Philomela 
in  Greek  mythology ;  she  was  turned  into  a  swallow 
and  Philomela  into  a  nightingale.  2.  (poet.)  swallow. 

Pr6gnosi_/T  (Gr.);  (med.)  prognosis,  forecast 
of  the  result  of  a  disease. 

Progndstico  ;  pop.  for  Pronostico. 

Programm-a  /«.;  as  E.  —  d'  emissione, 
prospectus.  Aff.  -ino  dim, 

Progred-ire  ind.  -\sco,perf.  -fi,  part.  -fto(L.); 
to  progress.  Aft.  -imento. 

Progress-i6ne,  -ista,  -ivam^nte,  -ivo,  -o; 
as  E. 

Prpib-ire  itid.  -isco  (L.);  to  prohibit.  Faccia 
-ita,  sinister  countenance.  Aff.  -itivo,  -itore,  -itrice, 
•itorio,  -izione. 

Proiciente  (L.);  throwing.     As  sb.,  thrower. 

Proiettare  ind.  proietto  ;  to  project. 

Proiett-ile,  -o  ;//. ;  projectile. 

Proiettura  /;  i.  =  Visiera,  visor. 
2.  =  Aggetto,  projection. 

Proiezi6ney;;  projection.  — d'acqua,  priming, 
when  water  instead  of  steam  is  carried  from  the 
boilers  into  the  cylinders. 

Prolasso  /«.;  (med.)  prolapsus. 

*  Prolato  ;  i.  uttered,     ii.  ample. 

*  Prolatore  /«.;  utterer,  publisher. 

*  Prolazione  f.;    \.    pronunciation,     ii.    (mus.) 
—  maggiore  or  perietta,  where  the  semibreve  was 
equal  to  three  minims;   if  it  was  two  minims,  the 
music  was  in  —  minore  or  imperfetta. 

Pr61e/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Prolific);  offspring. 

Prolegato  tn.\  deputy  legate. 

Proleg6meni  tn.pl.;  introductory  essay. 

Pro-lessi,  -lepsi  f.  (Gr.) ;  anticipating  ob- 
jections. 

Proletari-ato,  -o  ;  as  E. 

PrpHficare  ind.  prolifico;  i.  to  breed.  2.  (hot.) 
to  multiply. 

Prolific-azi6ne,  -o  ;  as  E. 


464 


PROLISSO— PROSEGRETARIO 


Proliss-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat) ;  prolix.    Aff.  -amente, 

Pr61og-o  ;«.;  as  E.  Aff.  -hetto,  -hlno  dims., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*  Proloquio  m.  (L.)  ;  axiom. 

Prol-udere  per/,  -usi,  fart,  -uso  (L.);  to  begin. 

Prolung-are ;  to  prolong.  *to  defer.  Aff. 
.abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -amce, 
•azione. 

Prolusi6ne  /  ;  introductory  lecture. 

*  Proluvie  /  (L.)  ;  flood.     —  d'  alvo,  diarrhcea. 

Promembria  m. ;  memorandum. 

*  Promente  ;=  Prodemente. 

*  Promere  (L.)  ;=  Manifestare,  to  make  clear. 
Promessa  /.;  promise.    *  =  Mallevadoria,  bail. 
Promesso ;  part.  Promettere. 

Prometeo  ;  as  adj.,  Promethean. 

Prom£tt-ere  (I,.);  to  promise.  Aff.  -itore, 
-itora,  -itrice. 

Promin-ente,  -enza  ;  as  E.  (I..,  <  pro, 
-nutii'o,  to  project,  v.  Minaccia.) 

Proministro  m. ;  deputy-minister,  esp.  under- 
secretary  for  war  in  the  old  Papal  Stales. 

Promiscu-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  as  E.  Matri- 
mouio  -o,  marriage  between  persons  of  different  re- 
ligions. 

Promissj6ne  /;  Terra  di  — ,  Palestine. 

Promissiv-o  ;  promising.     Aff.  -amente. 

Promiss6rio  ;  as  E.  Giuramento  — ,  sworn 
promise. 

*  Promobile ;  =  Permutabile. 
Promont6rio  HI. ;  as  K. 
Promo-tore  ;//.,  -trice  f.\  promoter. 

Prom-overe,  -ubvere  per/,  -ossi, 
part,  -osso  ;  to  promote,  in  all  senses 
as  in  E.  -  la  causa  d'  un  Beatp  o 
d'  un  Santo,  to  procure  his  canonisation. 
*to  excite  to  rebellion. 

Aff.  Promo-vimento,  -vitore,  -vitrice,  -zione. 

Promulg-are  (L.) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ativo,  -atore, 
•atrice,  -azione. 

Promu6vere  ;  v.  Promovere. 

Promutare  ;  =  Permutare,  to  change. 

Prdnao,  Pronao  m.  (Gr.);  fore-court  of  a 
temple. 

Pron-at6re,  -aziine ;  (a«a/.)as  E, 

Pronip6t-e  m. ;  i.  great-nephew.  2.  great- 
grandchild ;  in//.,  descendants.  Aff.  -ino  dim.  vezz. 


Prbno  (L.)  ;  bowed  down. 
inclined  for. 


prone, 


Prondm-e  »«.  ;  pronoun.  *  =  Prenonie.  Aff. 
-inale. 

*  Pronomin-are  ;  i.  to  give  an  extra  name  or 
nickname,     ii.  part,  -alo,  famous. 

Pronostic-amento,  -are  ind.  pronostico  ^-hi, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azi6ne,  -o  si.;  prognoslication, 
etc.  (L.,<Gr.  ,<Trpo,  before,  yfw<7Ti«6«,  good  at 
knowing.) 

Prontamente  ;  promptly. 

•Pront-are;  i.  to  solicit,     ii.  to  urge.     in.  -arsi, 
to  exert  oneself. 

Pront6zza/;  i.  promptitude.  2.  in 
art,  freedom,  ease,  "importunity. 

Pr6nto  (L.  promptus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Prompt)  ;  i.  ready.  2.  prompt.  3.  of 
figures  in  painting,  life-like. 

*=  Importune,  impertinent. 

Prontuario  m.  ;  handy  book,  book 
of  reference,  e.g.  to  quotations. 

Prdnuba  f.;  matron  attending  on  a  bride  in 
ancient  Rome. 

Prtnubo  m.  :  friend  arranging  the  marriage  of 
a  man. 

Pronuncia  ;  7/.  Pronunzia. 

Pronunciamento  m.  ;  military  declaration  in 
favour  of  some  party. 

Pronunzt-a  pronunciation,  -abile,  -amento 
(i.g.  -a);  v.  -are. 

*  Pronunziamentario  »«.;  =  Prontuario. 

Pronunzi-are  (L.,  <pro,  nuntius,  v.  Nunzio)  ; 
to  pronounce.  As  sb.,  pronouncement.  Aff.  -atore. 

Propag-abile,  -amento;  v.  -are. 

Propagand-a/.  ;  i.  Roman  Catholic 
society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gos- 
pel ;  the  term  is  shortened  from  the 
title  of  the  Society  Congregatio  de  pro- 
paganda jide,  and  is  used  without  the 
article,  La  stamperia  di  Propaganda. 
2.  propaganda,  as  in  E.  Aff.  -ista. 


Propag-are  ind.  propago  (L.,< prof ago  si., 
v.  Propaggine)  ;  as  E.  Aff.  .atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Propaggin-are ind.  propaggino ;  i.  to 
layer  (vines,  etc.).  2.  to  bury  alive  with 
the  head  downwards,  a  form  of  capital 
punishment  in  the  Middle  Ages.  Aff. 
-atore,  -azione. 

Propaggine  /  (L.  propago,  layer,  < 
pro,  pango,  to  fix);  I.  layer,  branch 
bent  down  to  the  ground  and  earthed 
over,  so  as  to  make  it  strike  root. 

2.  —  a  capo   gatto,  =  M  argot  to,  layer. 

3.  (anal.)  branch  of  a  nerve  or  blood- 
vessel. 

•Propagine  /;  i.  =  Propaggine.  ii.  =  Propa- 
gazione. 

*  Propago  / ;  =  Stirpe,  race. 

Propal-are  ind.  propalo  (mlt.,  <  L. 
pro,  palam,  openly) ;  to  publish  abroad. 
Aff.  -atore,  -azione. 

Proparalesse/.  (Gr.);  (£rvi'«.)=Paraj;oge. 
Proparossitono  (Gr.) ;  proparoxytone. 
Propedeutico  (Gr.) ;  educational. 
•PropellereO,.);  to  drive  away. 

*  Propenda  f. ;  =  Prebenda. 

Pro-pendere  perf.  -pendei  or  -pendutn,  furl. 
-peudulo(L.);  to  be  inclined.  Aff.  -pensione. 

Propenso  (L.);    inclined,  disposed.     *Ass*.: 

1.  mature  judgment.      ii.    foresight,      iii.    anxiety, 
iv.   design. 

Properispdmeno  ;  circunmexed  on  the  pen- 
ultimate. 

*  Propi ;  irreg.f.  pi.  of  Propno. 
Propileo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  propylaeum  of  a  temple. 

Proplna/  (It.  propinare,  as  if  the 
fee  was  a  pourboire) ;  examiner's  fee. 
*=Sportula. 

Propin-are  ind.  propi'no  (L.,  <Gr. 
irpoirivto)  ;  i.  to  drink  to  the  health  of. 

2.  —  il  veleno  a,  to  give  poisoned  drink 
to.     Aff.  -atore. 

Propinquo  (y,.,<prope,  near);  i.  near.  2.  = 
Parents,  kin. 

Pr6pio  ;  pop.  for  Proprio. 

Propibnico  (Gr.  trpo,  iricuk,  fat)  ;  (ckim.)  as  t. 

Propiteco  in. ;  lemur,  Propithecus^. 

Propizi-amente,  -are  »*.,  -ativo,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -atdrio,  -azibne;  propitiously,  etc.  (L., 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Propitious). 

Propoli  /.  (Gr.)  ;  the  propolis  of  bees. 

Prop6n-ere;  pop.  for  Proporre._  Aff.  -ibile, 
-imentaccio  pegg.,  -imento  intention,  -itore. 

Prop6rre,  for  conjug.  v.  Porre  ;  to 
propose. 

Proporzi6n-e  /  (\,.,<pro,  in  relation  to, 
tortio);  as  E. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ale,  -alita,  -almente,  -are  verb, 
-atamente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -evole  (  =  -ato  or  -abile), 
-evolmente. 

Propositivo ;  proposing. 

Proposito  m. ;  i.  determination, 
purpose.  2.  subject  ;  A  — ,  appro- 
priate ;  Di  — ,  in  good  earnest  ;  In  or 
A  —  di,  with  reference  to. 

Propositura  /;  i.q.  Prepositura, 
headship. 

Proposizi6ne/.;  as  E.  *i.  premiss,  ii.  (old 
or  new)  Testament,  D.  Par.  24  98.  iii.  (gram.)= 
Preposizione. 

Propdsta  /  ;  proposal.  Lettera  di 
— ,  original,  in  relation  to  Lettera  di 
risposta,  reply. 

»i.  =  Proposito.     ii.  =  Proposizione. 
»  Propost-ale  =  Prepositurale  ;  *-attco;  *-ato 
or  * -ia=  Prepositura,  headship. 

Prop6sto  ;;/. ;  provost. 

*i.  viceroy,     ii.  superintendent,     iii.  =  Proposito. 
*Propreso,  Porpreso  m.;=  Procinto,  circuit. 

Propret6re  in. ;  propraetor. 

Propri -amente  ;  adv.  of-o. 

Propriare  ;  to  assert  positively. 


Proprieta  / ;  i.  property.  2.  pro- 
priety. 

*  i.  =  Presunzione.     ii.  In  — ,  in  particular. 

Proprietari-o  /«.,  -a  /  ;  proprietor. 

Pr6pri-o  (L.,  prob.  <  pro  privo,  for 
one's  own)  pi.  m.  propri  or  proprii, 
superl.  proprissimo ;  i.  one's  own ; 
Commerciante  in  — ,  trader  on  his  own 
account.  2.  proper.  3.  genuine,  right ; 
Un  —  esemplare  della  legge,  an  ac- 
curate copy  of  the  law.  4.  La  piu  -a 
or  II  piu  —  e  che  tu  lo  rimandi,  the 
best  plan  will  be  for  you  to  send  it 
back.  5.  In  — ,  on  one's  own  account, 
for  oneself;  Fu  condannato  in  —  e  in 
solidum,  he  was  condemned  both  on 
his  own  account  and  as  one  of  the  lot ; 
Scrivere  in  —  a  uno,  to  write  to  him 
direct.  6.  as  a  Gallicism  for  Yr.propre, 
clean.  7.  prov.  Lasciare  il  —  per  1  ap- 
pellative, to  give  up  a  certainty  for  an 
uncertainty.  8.  as  adv.,  positively. 

Propugnacolo  m.  (L.)  ;  outwork. 

Propugn-are  (L.) ;  to  champion. 
Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Propuls-are  ;  =  Rispingere,  to  put 
away.  Aff.  -atore. 

Propulsidney;;  as  E. 

Proquestore  m. ;  proquaestor. 
*Proquoio,  *  Procuoio  m.;    i.  drove  of  cattle, 
ii.    sheep-skin  to  kneel  upon  when  milking,     iii.  = 
Cascina,  shed. 

(L.,<Gr.  np<apa)  ;  prow. 


Pro  rata  r».  (Latinism);  proportion. 

*  Proro  m.  ;=  Pianto,  weeping. 

Prorog-are  ind.  prorogo  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Prorogue) ;  i.  to  prolong, 
lit.  to  demand  the  continuation  of.  2.  to 
defer.  3.  to  prorogue.  Aff.  -a  sb.,  -abile, 
-azione  (  =  -a). 

*  Prerogative  f.;    \.  —  Prerogative,     ii.  =Arro- 
ganza. 

Pror6mp-ere  perf.  proruppi,  part. 
prorotto(L.);  to  burst  out.  /^-imdnto. 

Pr6s-ay?  (L.,  for  prorsa  oratio,  direct  speech, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Prose);  prose  Aff.  -accia  p'gg., 
-aicamente,  -aicismo  spreg.  prosy  lot,  -aico,  -aisnio. 

Prosapia  /  (L.,  lit.  that  which  is 
scattered  forth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dissipate) ; 
stock,  family. 

*  Pros-are  ;   i.    to  write  prose,     ii.    -aria,  or  — 
parole,  to  drawl,     iii.  =  Ritrlare,  to  ridicule. 

Prosastic-it4  /;  prose  character,  -o  adj.; 
prose. 

Pros-at6re  nt.  ;  prose-writer.  Aff.  -atorello 
dim.  spreg. ,  -atrice  /. 

Proscenio  m.  (L.) ;  as  E. 

Prosci6gli-ere  ind.  prosciolgo  _pro- 
sciogli,  perf.  prosciolsi,/arA  prosciolto  ; 
to  release.  Aff.  -mdnto. 

Prosciblto ;  part.  Prosciogliere.  •  Di  — ;  i.  day 
not  devoted  to  religion,  ii.  day  not  employed  in 
work. 

*  Prosciolvigione^;  =  . \ssoluzione. 
Proscidrre  ;  cantr.  of  Prosciogliere. 

Prosciug-are  (L.  exsitcare,  with  in- 
tensive prefix,  v.  Presciutto)  ;  to  dry  up. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Prosciutto  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Presciutto, 
ham  ;  Occhi  foderati  di  — ,  i.e.  red 
eyes.  2.  scherz.  violin. 

Proscr-ivere  ;  to  proscribe.     Aff.  -izirfne. 

Prosecuzi6ne  f. ;  continuation. 

Proseggiare  inii.  proseggio  :  to  write  prose. 
Prosegretario  m.\  =  Vicesegretario. 


PROSEGUIRE— PROVINCIA 


465 


Prosegu-ire  ind.  proseguo  ;  to  follow 
up.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Proselit-o  m.  (Gr.  irpo<n?AuTos,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Proselyte) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ismo. 

ProSerella/:;  dim.  Prosa. 

Proserpina  /.;  Acqua  di  — ,  solution  of  nitrate 
of  silver. 

Pros-etta,  -ettina;  dim.,  sub-dim,  of  Prosa. 

*  Prosetto  »t.\=  Motto,  witticism. 
Prosettdre  m.\  prosector. 
Prosillogismo  »/. ;  string  of  syllogisms. 
Prosinodale  ;  prescribed  by  a  synod. 

Prosit  (Latinism) ;  may  it  do  good  ! 
a  phrase  of  greeting  to  a  priest  after 
mass,  or  to  anyone  at  the  end  of  a 
meal,  also  iron,  to  one  living  either  on 
his  own  or  another's  capital,  or  to  a 
person  who  belches. 

Prospd-ia/:  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat)  ;  prosody.  Aff. 
•iaco  or  -ico  adj. 

Prosone/  (augm.  Prosa) ;  I.  proser. 
2.  prosy  talk. 

Prosopope-a  /  (Gr.) ;  i.  silly  or 
affected  gravity.  2.  ascription  of  speech 
to  deceased  persons  or  of  life  to  inani- 
mate objects.  Aff.  -ico. 

Prbspera  /. ;  (ecd.)  =  Manganella, 
flap. 

Prosper-ame'rite,  -amento,  -are,  -evole, 
-evolmente,  -ita,  -o,  -osamente,  -6so ;  pros- 
perously, etc.  Etytn.  L.,  lit.  according  to  one's 
nope,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Prosperous. 

Prospettare  ind.  prospetto  (L.) ;  to 
look  out  upon. 

Prosp^ttic-o  adj. ;  perspective.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Prospettiva  / ;  i.  perspective. 
2.  Far  — ,  to  be  opposite.  3.  prospect. 

Prospettivamente  ;  by  the  rules  of 
perspective. 

Prospettivista  /«. ;  master  of  per- 
spective. 

Prospetto  in.  (L.,  <  pro,  specere,  to 
look,  -u.  Specie);  i.  prospect,  view. 
2.  table,  tabular  view.  3.  Di  or  In  — , 
in  view.  4.  prospectus. 

Prospiciente(I..);  withaviewof,  looking  on  to. 

Prosseneta  m.  (Gr.,  <  irpo,  £«Vos,  foreign) ;  in- 
termediary. 

Prossenetico  m. ;  fee  paid  to  the  Prosseneta. 

Prossimamente ;  i.  very  soon.  2.  approxi- 
mately. 

*  Prossimano(mlt.,  <  L.  proximits);  neighbour- 
ing.     As  j^.,  relative. 

*  Prossimare ;    i.    to  bring  near.     ii.    intr.   to 
approach. 

Prossimita/;  proximity. 

Pr6ssim-O  (L.  prorimus,  variant  of 
propissimus,  superl.  of  prope,  near) ; 
i.  very  near,  nearest  ;  Puntp  — ,  the 
shortest  distance  at  which  vision  is  dis- 
tinct. 2.  next ;  Nella  -a  settimana,  next 
week  ;  La  settimana  -a  passata,  last 
week.  3.  immediate,  proximate  (cause). 
4.  as  st>.,  neighbour,  in  the  Gospel 
sense ;  Non  conoscer  uno  nemmeno 
per  — ,  to  refuse  to  have  anything  to 
do  with  him ;  Se  ce  n'  era  del  —  !  what 
a  lot  of  people  were  there  ! 

PrAstagi  /.  (Gr.);  (nud.)  preponderance  of 
humours. 

Prostat-a/.  (L.);  (anal.)  prostate.     Aff.  -ico. 

Prostend-ere  perf.  proste'si,  part. 
prostdso  ;  to  prostrate,  -ersi,  to  sprawl. 

Prostern-are  in,/,  prosterno  (Pro- 
sternere)  (L.) ;  to  overthrow,  -arsi,  to 
prostrate  oneself. 

H. 


Prbstesi/.  (Gr.  irp6<rt)«ns) ;  (gram.) 
prefixing  a  letter  or  syllable  to  a  word, 
e.g.  to  Ascondere,  forming  Nascondere, 
prosthesis.  Aff.  -etico. 

Prost£so  ;  part.  Prostendere. 

Prostilo  m.  (Gr.)  ;  =  Pronao,  portico. 

Prostitu-ire  ind.  -isco,  -ta,  -zi6ne;  as  E. 

Prostr-amento  (i.y.  -azione),  -are,  -azidne ; 
as  E. 

Prosuccia  f. ;  dim.  spreg.  Prosa. 

Prosuocer-o  in.,  -a  f.\  parent  of  father  (or 
mother)  in-Iaw. 

*  Prosutto  m.  ;  =  Presciutto,  ham. 
Protagonista  m.  (Gr.) ;  as  E. 

Pr&t-asi  /  (Gr.) ;  i.  preliminary 
scene.  2.  (gram.)  protasis.  3.  (med.) 
prolonged  breath.  -atico  adj. ;  -v. 
-asi  (i). 

Pro-teggere  ind.  -teggo  -teggi,  perf. 
-tessi, /><zr/.  -tetto(L.) ;  to  protect.  Aff. 
Proteggi-tore,  -trice. 

Proteif6rme;  Protean.     Aff.  Proteismo. 

Pro-tendere  perf.  -te"si,  part,  -teso  ; 
to  stretch  out. 

Prot6r  v-o  ( L. ,  <proterere,  to  trample, 
lit.  therefore,  trampler) ;  impudent,  arro- 
gantly obstinate.  Aff.  -amente,  -ia. 

*i.  stern,  D.  Purg.  30.  70.  ii.  Di  lor  si  ride 
Angelica  -a,  mischievously  laughs  at  them,  Ariosto, 
CM.  F.  12.  36. 

Protesi./I  (Gr.);  (surg.)  supplying  an  artificial 
limb. 

Protest-a,  -ante,  -antesimo  or  -antismo, 
-are  ind.  protesto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione;  as  E. 
(L.  protestari,  to  bear  witness). 

Protfesto  m.;  protest  of  a  bill-  of 
exchange.  —  d'  avaria,  (mar.)  captain's 
protest.  *i.  =  Pretesto.  ii.  =  Aggiunto. 

Protett-iyo,  -orato,  -ore,  -rice ;  as  E. 
Protettiria  f.  \  (eccl.)  protectorate. 
Protezi6n-e,  -ismo,  -ista  ;  as  E. 

*  Protino  m.  (L.  protiritts) ;  Aver  riguardo  at  — , 
—  Cercar  di  far  presto. 

Protisti  m.  pi. ;  microbes. 

Proto  m.  (Gr.);  foreman  printer. 

Protocandnico ; 

tioned  canonicity. 

Protoc611-0  m. ;  i.  (leg.)  notary's 
book  recording  the  deeds  drafted  by 
him  ;  Avere  i  -i,  to  be  a  notary.  2.  regis- 
ter-book in  an  office.  3.  Carta  da  — , 
draft  paper.  4.  formulary  for  public 
documents.  5.  formulary  for  a  Secre- 
tary of  State  in  his  official  correspond- 
ence. 6.  protocol,  usit.  in  //.,  minutes 
of  an  international  conference.  7.  (hist.) 
register  of  public  documents  at  Byzan- 
tium. 

Etyin.  mlt.  prototollnm,  <  late  Gr.  irpwroicoA- 
kov,  <  xoAAa,  glue,  the  orig,  meaning  having  been  a 
leaf  pasted  on  certain  manuscripts,  shewing  under 
whose  administration  and  by  whom  they  were 
written.  The  term  was  afterwards  particularly  ap- 
plied to  documents  drafted  by  a  notary,  because 
fuslinian  decreed  that  such  documents  should  always 
be  accompanied  by  such  a  first  leaf  or  fly-leaf. 

Proto-fisico  m.  :  =  -medico,  -logia  f.\  dis- 
cussion of  primary  ideas,  -maestro  m. ;  head, 
teacher,  -martire  m. ;  as  E.  -medico  m.\  head- 
physician,  -notario  ;«.;  chief  clerk,  -notario 
apostolico  in.:  clerk  who  draws  up  the  protocols 
of  a  Consistory,  -plasma  m. ;  as  E.  -plaste  m. ; 
primary  creator,  -plasto  or  *  -plaustro  ;  first 
created,  -psalte  tn. ;  leading  chorister. 

Protoquamquam  in. ;  sckfrz.  wiseacre. 

Protosincello  m.\  (ecd.)  suffragan  bishop  in 
the  Greek  church. 

Proto-tipo  «?.,  -zoi  tn.pl.;  as  E. 

Pro-trarre  ind.  -traggo  -trai  -trae 
-tragghiamo  -tra^te  -traggono,  perf. 
-trassi  -traesti  -trasse  -trae'mmo  -trae'ste 


(ecd.)  of  unques- 


-trassero,  fut.  -trarro,  part,  -tratto  (L. 
protrahere) ;  to  protract.    Aff.  -trazione. 

Protuber-anza  f.\  as  E.  (L.,  v.  Tubero). 
Protut6re  rti.\  acting  guardian. 

Pr6v-a/;  i.  proof.  2.  trial,  test. 
3.  school  examination.  4.  rehearsal. 
5.  printer's  proof.  6.  A  — ,  =  A  gara, 
vying  with  each  other.  7.  (mar.)  —  di 
fortuna,  protest,  v.  Fortuna  (4). 

*i.  In  — ,  or  A  bella  — ,  purposely,  ii.  =Provino. 
iii.  Far  le  -e,  to  prove  the  legal  nobility  of  a  family, 
tiv.  =Prora,  bow. 

Aff.  -abile,  -abilita. 

*  Provagione./;  =  Prova,  q.v.  (i)  and  (6). 
t  Pro  vana  f. ;  =  Propaggine. 

*  Provano ;  obstinate. 

*Provanz-a  /;  i.  proof,  ii.  Far  le  -e,  v. 
•Prova  (iii). 

Prov-are  ind.  provo  (L.  probare,  v. 
Probo) ;  f.  to  test.  2.  to  feel  (joy  or 
grief).  3.  to  prove.  4.  of  plants,  to 
thrive,  -arsi  :  5.  to  endeavour.  6.  -arsi 
con  alcuno,  to  try  one's  strength  against 
him,  to  fight  him. 

*i.  to  give  evidence  against,  ii.  intr.  to  show 
valour. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -atore. 
Provaturay;;  buffalo-milk  cheese. 
*Proveccio,  *Approveccio  m.  (Span,  provecho, 
<  L.  provfctus,  advantage)  ;  profit. 

*  Provedere  ;  v.  Provvedere. 

*  Proveggiare  (war.)  (A)  (It.  prova)  ;  =  Ripetere 
le  prove.    (B)(It.  prora)  ;  to  keep  tacking.    (C)  (It. 
proda) ;  to  moor. 

*  Provenda ;  v.  Profenda. 
*Provenimento  m.\    \.  =Avvenimento.     ii.  = 

Provento. 

Provenire,  for  conjug.  v.  Venire  ;  to 
arise. 

Prov6nt-0  m. ;  revenue,  -uale  m. ; 
revenue  officer. 

*Provenzay.;  west  wind. 

Proyenzal-e  ;  Provencal.  Aff.  -eg- 
giare  ind.  provenzaleggio  to  imitate 
Provencal,  -esco,  -ismo,  -m^nte. 

Proverbiare ;  i .  to  scold.  2.  to 
jeer  at. 

Prov&rbi-o  m.  (L.,  <pro-,  publicly, 
verburn,  word);  as  E.  Aff.  -accio pegg,, 
-ale,  -almdnte. 

Proverbidso ;  i.  full  of  proverbs. 
2.  =  Dispettoso,  cross. 

Proverbista  m. ;  collector  of  pro- 
verbs. 

Proverbi-uccio  in. ;  dim.  sprer.  of -o. 

Provese  (Prodese,  Proese)  HI.  (akin  to  L.  prvra, 
Gr.  Trpojpa,  cp.  Proda,  B  ;  originally  it  seems  to  have 
been  an  adj.,  meaning  "belonging  to  the  bows," 
cp.  Poppese);  (war.)  bow  mooring  line.  *i.  bowman, 
sailor  working  at  the  bow  end.  ii.  =  Conigliere,  bow 
galley-slave. 

Prov^tta  / ;  partial  rehearsal  of  an 
opera. 

Provetto(L./r0wrf«.r);  i.  advanced 
in  years.  2.  mature  in  knowledge. 
*  =  Trasportato. 

*  Provevole  ;=  Probabile. 

*  Provevolmente  ;  demonstrably. 

Provianda  /. ;  Gallicised  variant  of 
Provenda,  Fr.  proviant. 

Provicari-o  m. ;  acting  vicar.  Aff.  -ato,  his 
office. 

t  Proviere  /«. ;  =  Prodierc. 

*  Provigion-are;  =  Stipendiare,   to  maintain,   v. 
Provvisione.     *  -ato  m. ;  mercenary  soldier. 

Province  f.\  v.  Pervinca. 

Provfncia  f.  (L.,  probably  akin  to  Gothic 
frauja,  O.H.G.  frd,  both  meaning  "lord";  cp. 
Germ.  Fran,  lady,  from  a  primitive  stem  prditidti-, 
to  which  in  Latin  a  suffix  -co  was  added,  resulting  in 

59 


466 


PROVINCIALATO— PUGNO 


** province,  belonging  to  a  lord,  provincin,  function 
of  lordship.  The  actual  meaning  of  proviucia  in 
early  Latin  is  "task,"  "business  of  administration," 
which  passed  into  the  sense  of  "district  adminis- 
tered," "province,"  v.  Walde,  sub  Prtn<incia,  and 
cp.  the  English  usage,  e.g.  it  was  not  my  province  to 
interfere);  i.  province.  2.  (eccl.)  a  certain  number 
of  monasteries  under  the  rule  of  one  Provinciale. 

*i.  quarter,  of  a  city.  ii.  =  Ufficio,  Incarico, 
duties. 

Provincialato  ;«.;  rank  of  a  Provinciale. 

Provinci-ale  adj.\  as  E.     As  sb.,  v.  -a  (2). 

Provino  m.  (dim.  Prova);  i.  gauge  for  testing 
the  specific  gravity  of  liquor.  2.  instrument  for 
gauging  the  quality  of  silk.  3.  rehearsal  of  a  stage- 
dance. 

Pr6vo  ;  syncop*  for  Provato. 

Provoc-are  ind.  provoco,  -hi  (L.;  v.  supra  Pro, 
note)  ;  to  provoke,  arouse.  Aff.  -ablle,  -atamentc, 
•atore,  -aLorio,  -a trice,  -azioncella  dim.,  -a/tone. 

*  Provolversi ;  to  prostrate  oneself. 
Provved-ere  (Provedere),  for  fpnjug.  v.   Ve- 

dere  (L-);  to  provide.  *i.  to  watch,  ii.  —  Prevedere, 
to  foresee,  in.  to  recompense,  -ersi :  iv.  to  take 
care.  v.  =  Ravvedersi,  to  repent. 

*Provvedigione  /C;  i.  provision,  ii.  usury, 
interest. 

Provved-im^nto  m.\  v.  -ere. 

Provvedit6r-a  /.,  the  wife,  -ato  ;«.,  the 
office  of  a  -e. 

Proweditdre  m. ;  i.  provider. 
2.  steward,  manager.  3.  inspector, 
e.g.  of  a  school.  4.  title  of  an  office 
under  the  Venetian  republic  ;  —  gene- 
rale  di  terra  e  di  mare,  (Venetian) 
commander-in-chief. 

Provvedi-t6ria./;  =  -torato.    -trice/  of -tore. 
Provveditura  f.\    governorship    of   the    Dal- 
matian provinces  of  Venice. 

Provvedutam6nte ;  with  discretion. 
Provvid-am^nte,  -enteme'nte ;  providently. 
Provvidenz-a,  -iale,  -ialmente  ;  as  E. 
Prdvvidp  (Provide) ;  provident. 
Pro  vvigidne  f. ;  =  Prowisione. 

*  Provvisare  ;  =  Improvvisare,  to  improvise. 
Provvision-are  ;  to  maintain,  v.  -e  (a). 

Prowisi6n-e  /  (L.) ;  i.  provision. 
2.  salary.  3.  brokerage,  commission. 
4.  (hist.}  governing  body ;  I  dodici 
della  — ,  the  twelve  Elders,  Anziani 
del  Popolo,  instituted  by  the  Republic 
in  Lombardy  in  1279  and  abolished  in 
1796. 

*i.  =Previsione.  ii.  =  Provvidenza.  iii.  Per  modo 
di  — ,  provisionally. 

Aff.  -cellarf/w.,  -ettarf/;/*.,  -iere  purveyor,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg. 

*Provviso;  i.  m.  improvisation.  ii.  fart. 
Provvedere. 

Provvis6r-e  m. ;  (hist.)  \.  president 
of  the  Balia  or  Genoese  Prowisione, 
governmental  board.  2.  Genoese  com- 
mander-in-chief. 3.  -i  della  Comunita, 
magistrates  at  Trieste. 

Prowisori-am^nte,  -eta,  -o  ;  pro- 
visionally, etc. 

Prowista/;  provision.- 
Prowisto ;  part.  Provvedere. 
Prozi-o  m.,  -a   / ;    great-uncle  or 
aunt. 

Prua/  (var.  of  Prora) ;  (mar.)  bows. 

Pruato ;  (mar.)  down  by  the  head. 

Pruavia  ;  (mar.)  A  —  di,  before,  nearer  the 
bows  than. 

Prud-6nte  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -enlemente,  -enza, 
•enziale,  -enzialmente. 

Prlidere  per/,  prud-ei  -esti  -e,  no 
part.  (L.  prurire,  cp.  Rado  <  rarus, 
Proda<  Prora,  etc.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pru- 
rient) ;  to  itch. 

Pruddre  in. ;  itching. 

Prueggiare  ind.  prue'ggio  (It.  prua) ; 
(mar.)  i.  to  present  the  bows  to  ;  —  la 
marea,  to  stem  the  tide.  2.  =  Bordeggi- 
are,  to  tack. 


Prueggio  in.  ;  (mar.)  vbsb.  of  Pru- 
eggiare. A  —  del  vento,  head  to  wind. 

Prugna  /  (var.  of  Pruna)  ;  plum, 
esp.  if  preserved. 

Prugnere  ;  pop.  for  Pungere. 

Prugno  m.  (L.  prunus,  v.  Pruno)  ; 
=  Susino,  plum-tree. 

Prugnola/  ;  i.  i.q.  Prugna.   2.  sloe. 

Prugnoliaia  /.;  bed  for  growing  Prugnoli. 

Prugn61o,  Prugnudlo  m.  ;  a  species 
of  mushroom,  Agaricus  prunulus. 

Prugnolo  m.  (dim.  form  of  **pru- 
neus,  <  L.  prunus,  v.  Pruno)  ;  (hot.) 
blackthorn,  Prunus  spinosa,  also  termed 
Susino  di  macchia. 

Prufn-a  /  (L.)  ;  i.  hoar-frost. 
2.  bloom  upon  a  ripe  plum.  Aff.  -6so. 

Pruna  y.:  pop.  for  Prugna.     *fig.  trifle. 
Prunai-o  ;«.,  -ay?;  i.tj.  Pruneto. 

Prunalbo  ;;/.  ;  (&?/.)  =  Biancospino, 
white-thorn. 

Prunata  /  ;  blackthorn  hedge. 

*  Prunazzino  m.  :  =  Biancospino,  white-thorn. 

*  Pruneggiolo  m.  ;  small  thorn-tree. 

Prunella/.  (Fr.,  so  called  from  its 
dark  colour  like  a  sloe)  ;  i.  prunella,  a 
strong  woollen  stuff  generally  black. 
2.  (hot.)  —  comune,  self-heal,  Prunella 
vulgaris,  also  termed  Morella,  Con- 
solida  minore. 


m.  ;     (bot.)    chanterelle, 
Agaricus  cantherellus. 

Prundto  m.  ;  thicket  of  thorns. 
t  Prungere  ;  =  Pungere,  to  sting. 

Pruno  m.  (L.,<Gr.  irpovpvov,  plum)  ; 
(bot.)  i.  briar,  bramble,  or  any  thorny 
shrub.  2.  -  gazzerino,  evergreen 
thorn,  Cotoneaster  pyracantha,  also 
termed  Agazzino. 

*i.  =  Susino,  plum-tree,     ii.  =  Susina,  plum. 

*Pruovo;  A  cui  noi  siamo  a  —  ,  D.  Inf.  la.  93, 
meaning  probably  whom  we  may  follow.  The  ex- 
pression may  be  from  Lombard  a  preuv,  =  ~L.  ati+ 
prape. 

Prurfgine/  (L.)  ;  slight  itching. 

Prurigindso  ;  i.  causing  itching. 
2.  pungent. 

Prurito  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pruri- 
ent) ;  itching. 

*  Prusora  (for  piu  ore)  ;  often. 

Prussiana  /  ;  a  kind  of  long  cloak. 

*  Pruzzay  ("prudia,  <  "'pmria,  <  L.  prurire, 
cp.   Lombard  spttra,   Provenc..  prvzer,   to  itch)  ;   a 
contagious  skin  affection. 

Pruzzi  'n   la,  Pruzzi  lae  ;  an  excl.  used  by 
pig-drovers,  as  they  drive  their  pigs. 
Ps!  hush! 

*  Psallere  ;  =  Salmeggiare,  to  sing  psalms. 
Pse  !  =  Eh,  altro  ! 

Pseudom6rfo(Gr.)  ;  pseudomorphous  (crystal). 
Psfeuddnim-o  m.  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ico. 
Psichey?  (Gr.);  i.  Psyche.     2.  a  large  swinging 

looking-glass.     3.  the  soul.     4.  a  genus  of  moths. 

Psichiatr-a  ;«.  ;  mental  doctor.     A_ff.  -fa,  -ico. 

Psichico  ;  psychical. 

Psicolog-ia  /;  as  E.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico, 
-ismo  system  of  psychology,  -o. 

Psicomante  m.;  diviner  by  invocation  of  spirits. 

Psilio  m.  (Gr.);  (*<>/.)=  Pulicaria,  flea-wort. 

Psille  /«.  ;  i.  serpent-charmer,  orig.  one  of  the 
Psilli,  a  Libyan  people  reputed  by  the  Romans  to 
know  a  cure  for  snake-bite.  2.  a  genus  of  hemipterous 
insects  like  Aphides. 

Psil6tro  m.  (Gr.  1/11X05,  0pif);  depilatory. 

*  Psogo  m.  (Gr.  i^oyot)  ;  invective 
Psoriasiy:  (Gr.  iA»lpo,  the  itch);  ( 

scaly  eruption. 


Psdrtco  (Gr.)  .  (med.)  scab  curing. 

Pst ;  i.a.  Ps,  hush  ! 

Pterodattilo  ///. :  as  E.,  an  extinct  flying  reptile. 

Pterdpodi  m.  pi.:  an  order  of  marine  snails. 

PtiaHnay?;  ptyalin,  the  salivary  ferment. 

*  Ptisana  / ;  =  1  isana. 

*  Puarello  m.-.  baby  boy. 
Pubblic-abile  ;  v.  -are.     -amente  ;  v.  -a. 
Pubblicano  m.\  farmer  of  the  revenue. 
Pubblic-are  ;  to  publish. 
Pubblic-at6re    /«. :     i.    one    who    publishes, 

whether  as  author,  publisher,  or  in  the  general  sense 
of  making  public.  2.  formerly  the  title  of  a  magi- 
strate at  Treviso  and  at  Lucca.  Aff.  -atrice. 

Pubblicazi6ne/i;  as  E.,  esp.  in  sense  of  public 
announcement. 

Pubblicista  ;/,-. ;  as  E. 

Pube  m.  (L.  pubes,  primarily  an  mi/,  puber  or 
pubts,  grown  to  man's  estate,  root  poue ,  young,  or  as 
a  vb.,  to  breed ;  the  suffix  may  perhaps  be  akin  to 
**derc,  E.  do,  cp.  ple-bes,  —  nAi^os,  so  that  the  orig. 
sense  is  that  of  capacity  for  breeding,  v.  infra,  sub 
Putto,  and  Walde,  sub  Pubes)  ;  (artat.)  i.  the  pubic 
region.  2.  the  pubic  bone.  *  puberty. 

Pubere  adj.  or  si. ;  grown  to  puberty. 
In  law  :  of  a  boy,  over  fourteen  ;  of  a 
girl,  over  twelve. 

Puberta/;  puberty. 

*  Puca,  *  Puga  / ;  sprig  for  grafting. 
*Puccetto  w.;  =  Pugno. 
tPuce/;  =  Pu!ce. 

t  Pucinayl ;  =  Pulcina. 
tPucinaiay;  catarrh. 
tPucinaio>«.;=  Pulcinaio. 
Puddinga  f. ;  (geol.)  pudding-stone. 
Pudellatura  f. ;   in  an  iron-works,  puddling; 
it  is  the  English  term  Italianised. 
Pudib6ndo(L.);  bashful. 

Pud -icamente,  -icizia.  -ico,  -6re  ;  modestly, 
etc.  Elym.  L.,  <  stem  pud,  to  strike  down,  <  root 
pau,  cp.  Sanskr.  patilru,  thunderbolt,  L.  pavirr,  to 
strike. 

Pudretta/?  (Fr.);  dried  night-soil  as  manure. 
Puer-ile,  -ilita,    -ilmente,  as   E.;   -iziay; 
boyhood.     Etym.    L.,  <  root  poue,   young,  cp.    E. 
foal,  =  L.  pu-llus,  11.  Polio,  Pube,  Putto. 

Puerper-ay  (L.);  woman  in  labour.    Aff.  -ale. 
Puerperio  in, ;    i.    labour.     2.   in  pi.,  (tned.) 
lochia. 

Pufw/.;  "  bustle  "  of  a  lady's  dress. 
Puffino  m.  (English)  ;  (omit/i.)  puffin,  Mormon 
fratercula,  also  termed  Fraticella,  Pica  marina,  Pol* 
cinella  di  mare,  Pulcinella  di  mare. 
tPufillay.;  =  Pupilla. 
*Pugay;  i.q.  Puca,  sprig. 

Pugil-are  (L.  pugil,  boxer,  rwApeug,  cp.  Gr. 
irvyni,  nst)  >  relating  to  boxing.  Aff.  -ato  boxing, 
-atore. 

*Pugile>«.;  i.  boxer,     ii.  boxing. 

Pugillare  m.  (L.,  orig.  an  adj.;  libelti  pugil- 
lares,  tablets  for  holding  in  the  hand,  ~>pugillar  as 
sb.)\  ancient  writing-tablet. 

*  Pugillo  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  pugtius,  fist)  ;  handful. 
Pugino  m.  (var.  of  Cugino,  under  attraction 

from  Pulce) ;  mosquito. 

Pugio  nt.  (L.,  <  root/^w^,  v.  Pugilare);  dagger. 

Puglia  /.  (A)  (Fr.  fault)  ;  pool,  at  cards.  (B)  ; 
Apulia. 

Pugn-ay  (L.,  v.  Pugilare);  battle.     Aff.  -ace. 

Pugnal-are  ind.  pugnalo ;  to  stab.  Aff.  -ata, 
-atore,  -e  dagger,  -etto  or  -mo  dims,  of  -e,  -otto 
aitgm.  of  -e. 

Pugnare ;  to  fight. 
•Pugnatay;  i.  handful,     ii.  blow  with  the  fist. 

*  Pugnatopi  m.  ;=Pugnitopo,  butcher's  broom. 
Pugna-tore  m.,  -tricey;  fighter. 

*  Pugnazzo  in. ;  skirmish. 
Pugncll-etto,  -ino;  dims.  of-o. 

Pugn&lo  m.  (It.  pugno)  ;  fist-full. 

*  Pugnereccio ;  sharpened. 
•Pugnerone  >«.;  =  Pungiglione,  prickle. 

Pugn^tta  /  ;  holder,  v.  Presa  (7). 

Pugn-cttino  m.;  Jim.  of-o.    -4tto  ;«.;=-ello. 

Pugnino  m. ;  dim.  Pugno,  esp.  baby's 
fist. 

*Pugniticcio  in.;    i.    eager  desire,     ii.    sharp 
sauce,     iii.  flesh  of  a  pig  where  it  has  been  slabbed'. 

*  Pugnitoio  ;«.;  —  Accoratoio,  pig-knife. 
Pugnitopo,   Pungltopo   m.;   (bat.)  butcher'b 

broom,  Rttscus  aculeatus,  also  termed  Mortella  delle 
siepi  salvatica,  Brusco  medicinale. 

Pugn-o  m.  (L.,  T.  Pugilare);  i.  fist; 
Fare  a  -i  con,  Jig.  to  be  opposed  to,  in 
contradiction  to.  2.  fist-full ;  Gli  e 
toccato  un  —  di  mosche,  i.e.  he  got 


PUGNOLARE— PULZELLONA 


467 


nothing  of  what  he  hoped  for.     3.   Di 
suo  — ,  in  his  handwriting.    4.  a  punch. 

*  Pugnolare  ;=  Pungere,  to  spur. 
Pugnolino  tn. ;  dim.  Pugno. 

*Pugnolo  m. ;    i.  =  Pugnello,   fist-full,     ii.    i.q. 
Pugnoro. 

*  Pugnolone  m.  \  scorpion. 
tPugnone  m.  ;  =  Punzone,  punch. 

*  Pugnoro,    Pugnolo    m. ;  =  as  much   land    as 
requires  a  fist-full  of  seed,  an  old  measure  of  area, 
the  twelfth  of  a  Panoro. 

*  Pugolare  ;=  Pigolare,  to  whine  for. 

Pula  /  (prob.  akin  to  Paglia)  ;  = 
Loppa,  chaff. 

ti.  =  Segatura,  sawdust,     ii.  =Ventolacchio. 

Pulaccio  w.;=Pula  trita. 
•Pulca/;  =  Slitta. 

Pulce  (Pulice)  /  (L.  pulex,  cogn.  to 
Gr.  ijrv\\a,  but  prob.  not  to  E.  flea)  ; 

1.  flea;   Occhi  di  — ,  very  good  eyes, 
v.    Occhio   (27).      2.    Color  — ,   puce, 
brownish  purple.     3.  —  secca,  a  pinch. 
4.  a  Leghorn  "  mask,"  v.  Maschera. 

Pulcella  f.  (bit.  pulicella,  dim.  of 
pullus  ;  root  poue,  young)  ;  maiden. 

*  Pulcellaggio  m. ;  maidenhead. 
*Pulcellon-a/;  =  Zitellona,  old  maid.    Aff.  *-i 

adv. 

Pulcesecca  /. ;  pinch,  or  mark  of  a 
pinch. 

Pulciaio  m.;  place  full  of  fleas. 

*  Pulcinay^;  =  Pollastra,  chicken. 
Pulcinaio  m.\  place  swarming  with  children. 

Pulcinella  m. ;  I.  the  Neapolitan 
"mask,"  v.  Maschera  (3),  whence  our 
Punch  ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  break  one's  word  ; 
Carro  di  — ,  a  car  full  of  people  ;  Fare 
le  nozze  di  — ,  to  come  to  blows.  2.  at 
cards,  the  stake  attached  to  winning 
the  set  or  rubber,  e.g.  at  Primiera, 
Fanno  a  primiera  di  una  lira  e  il  —  di 
cinque  lire,  they  are  playing  for  a  franc 
a  game  and  five  francs  for  the  set,  viz. 
three  Primiere.  3.  —  di  mare,  or  Pol- 
cinella  di  mare,  puffin,  v.  Puffino. 

Etym.  \dim.<l..pKllus,v.  Pulcella,  and  Skeat, 
sub  Punch.  Pianigiani's  account  of  the  word  is  as 
follows  :  A  Neapolitan  vocabulary  of  1789  says,  "In 
the  last  century  a  company  of  strolling  players  were 
attacked  by  robbers  near  Acerra  but  beat  them  off 
with  the  help  of  a  countryman,  named  Puccio 
d'  Aniello,  who  had  a  queer-looking  face  with  a  long 
nose  all  blackened  by  the  sun.  After  their  victory 
they  were  unwilling  to  let  him  go  and  took  him  into 
their  company.  He  was  agreeable  to  this  and  made 
himself  a  favourite  with  the  public  by  his  sallies  of 
wit.  His  '  mask'  and  character  took  their  place  in 
the  theatrical  world  under  the  name  of  Pulcinella." 
This  anecdote  is  not  generally  accepted,  and  some 
derive  the  term  from  the  Neapolitan  Pollecinella, 
dint,  of  Pollecena,  turkey  pullet,  to  the  beak  of 
which  the  nose  of  Pulcinella  bears  a  resemblance  ; 
others  refer  to  a  certain  Paulo  Cinella,  who  is  said  to 
have  acted  the  part  of  a  buffoon  in  the  time  of 
Charles  of  Anjou.  Andrea  Perrucci,  who  lived  in 
the  i6th  century,  states  that  the  type  was  invented 
by  Silvio  Fiorello,  a  comedian,  and  perfected  by 
Andrea  Calcese,  surnamed  Ciuccio,  who  died  in  1656, 
taking  as  bis  model  the  country-folk  near  Acerra. 
Genin  states  that  it  is  the  Maccus  of  the  old  Atellane 
plays  :  and  in  1727  a  statue  was  found  at  Acerra,  near 
Aversa,  the  ancient  Atella,  with  pointed  cap  and 
double  hump  like  the  French  and  English  Punch. 
This,  however,  though  it  may  illustrate  the  antiquity 
of  the  ' '  mask,"  does  not  explain  its  etymology,  which 
is  modern. 

The  French  Punch  has  two  humps,  either  from 
the  classical  prototype  or  in  caricature  of  the  cuirasses 
of  the  time  of  Henry  I V ;  he  is  a  bravo  and  first-class 
ruffian,  whilst  the  Neapolitan  Punch  is  a  fool  and  a 
coward,  laughed  at  by  everybody  for  his  mistakes, 
and  when  he  undertakes  anything  makes  a  frightful 
mess  of  it.  He  is  a  wretched  creature,  but  content 
with  his  misery  :  a  dish  of  macaroni  and  the  climate 
of  Naples  make  up  bis  paradise. 

Pulcinellata/ ;  i.  piece  of  silliness. 

2.  a  game  at  "  Pulcinella."     3.    Punch 
and  Judy  show. 


Pulcinellbtto  m. ;  person  dressed 
up  as  Punch. 

Pulcfno  in. ;  dim.  Pullo,  chicken. 

Pulci6so  ;  full  of  fleas.  As  sb.  spreg. 
fig.,  poor  man  grown  rich. 

PulMr-a  /,  -accio  m.,  pegg.,  of  -o. 
-aiayC  ;  lit.  nursery  for  colts,  usu.  scherz. 
for  children's  nursery.  -(Stta,  -etto, 
-Ina,  -fno  ;  dims.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Pule'dro,  Pol6d.ro  tn.  (mlt.  pulletrus 
or  poledrus,<\^.  pu/lus,  v.  Polio)  ;  colt, 
whether  horse,  ass  or  mule. 

Puledr-uccio  m.;  pegg.  of -o. 

Pul^ggia  /  (bit.  poledia,  crane,  per- 
haps <  Gr.  **7roXi'Stov,  dim.  of  iro\os, 
pivot,  or  <  Gr.  ir<o\i6im>,  dim.  of  n-toXo?, 
colt,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Pulley) ;  pulley.  Mezza 
— ,  dead  sheave,  a  half  sheave  fixed  in 
position  and  not  revolving,  inserted 
anywhere  for  a  rope  to  pass  over. 

Puleggip  m.  (A)  (L.  pulegium,  prob. 
an  adaptation  <  Gr.  f}\jjx<av,  with  an 
alteration  due  to  the  influence  of  pulex, 
flea,  the  scent  of  the  plant  being,  ac- 
cording to  Pliny,  deadly  to  fleas,  cp. 
the  Germ,  term  FlohkrauC) ;  (hot.} 
pennyroyal,  Mentha  pulegium,  also 
termed  Poleggio,  Menta  romana. 

(B)  (etym.  unkn.;  variants  are*Pe- 
leggio,  *Pileggio,  *Poleggio;  there  is 
a  Provenc,.  -woiApelek  orpeleck  meaning 
the  sea,  which  suggests  Gr.  ntXayos  as 
a  possible  origin) ;  voyage.  Dare  il  — , 
to  send  away.  Pigliare  il  — ,  to  go 
away. 

Pulenda  ;  r'.  Polenda. 

Pule"zzo  ;//.  (variant  of  Puleggio) ; 
Prendere  il  — ,  to  go  away. 

•Pulgato  m.  (Span,  pulgada,  <  L.  pollex);   a 
Spanish  measure  of  length  denned  by  Fanfani  as  "il 
traverso  di  due  diti  grossi  inessi  insieme." 
Pulica ;  v.  Puliga. 

*  Pulicane  m. ;  instrument  for  pulling  out  teeth. 

*  PulicanojK.  ;=  Pellicano,  pelican,  tnail-drawer. 

Pulicaria/  (L.) ;  (6ot.)  i.  flea-wort, 
Plantago  psyllium,  also  termed  Psilio, 
Erba  da  pulci.  2.  fleabane,  either  Puli- 
caria dysenterica  or  Pulicaria  vulgaris. 
P.  dysenterica  is  also  termed  Erba  da 
pulci. 

*  Pulice  j.;  =  Pulce,  flea. 
Pulicone  m. ',  louse  infesting  beans. 
Puliga,  Pulica .  (Bulica)  f.  (It.  bulicare,  <  L. 

1'itUire) ;  air-bubble  in  glass  or  metal. 

*  Pulimante  m. ;  dandified  person. 
Pulimentare  ind.  pulimento  ;  to  polish  up. 

Pulim^nto  m. ;  polish.  —  acceso, 
fine  polish.  -  grosso,  rough  polish. 
Tirare  a  — ,  to  polish  off,  give  the 
finishing  touch  to. 

*i.  tautology,     ii.  punishment. 
*Pulinare;  =  Apollinare,  Apollo. 

Pul-ire,  Pol-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.) ;  i.  to 
clean.  2.  to  polish.  3.  Farla  -ita, 
(antiphr.)  to  do  what  will  bring  severe 
punishment.  4.  Farle  -ite,  to  do  wrong 
in  secret,  preserving  appearances. 

5.  Metier  al  -ito,  to  make  a  fair  copy. 

6.  -ito,  as  adj.,  (a)  of  a  person,  (a)  clean, 
(0)  neatly  dressed,  (y)  in  a  good  position, 
highly  respectable  ;  (<£)  of  a  house,  well 
kept ;    of   food,   nicely    prepared    and 
served  ;    (c)  of  a  bone,  picked  clean  ; 


(d)  of  a  plant,  sufficiently  pruned. 
Pulito  is  not  used  in  the  sense  of  polite, 
though  Pulitamente  may  be  used  for 
politely. 

*  i.  to  flatter,     ii.  for  Punire,  to  punish. ' 
Pulisciorecchi  tn.  indecl.',  ear-pick. 

Puliscip^nne  m.  indecl. ;  penwiper. 

Puliscipiedi  m.  indecl. ;  door-mat 
or  other  foot-wiper. 

Pulisciscarpe  m.  indecl.;  i.q.  Puli- 
scipiedi. 

Pullta  f. ;  Dare  una  —  a,  to  clean. 

Pulitamente  ;  i.  neatly.  2.  quietly, 
almost  surreptitiously.  3.  without 
damage.  4.  politely,  v.  Pulire,  sub  fin. 

*  Puliteama  m. ;  -  Politeama. 

Pulitezza/  ;  i.  neatness.  2.  refine- 
ment. 3.  polish. 

Pulitin-ay:;  dim.  vezz.  Pulita.  -o  in.;  dim. 
vezz.  Pulito,  v.  Pulire  (6). 

Pulit-occio  dim.,  -ine  augm.  of -o,  -o,  -ore, 
-ura ;  v.  Pulire. 

Pulizfa/;  cleanliness.  Far  — ,  to 
clear  everything  away. 

*  Puliziere  m. ;  writer  of  tickets,  Polizze. 

*  Pulizione/I;—  Punizione. 

Pullario  ///.;  (arcfaie.)  keeper  of  the  sacred 
chickens. 

tPullero;  v.  Pollero. 

•Pullo  (A)  (L.  pvllns,  grey,  cp.  Gr.  ire^iri'os, 
livid);  dark.  (B);  =  Polio. 

Pullul-are  ind.  piillulo  (Pollolare, 
Pollonare)  (L.,  <.  pullulus,  dim.  of 
pullus,  properly  young  animal,  -v. 
Polio) ;  i.  of  a  stem,  to  throw  out 
shoots.  2.  of  a  spring  of  water,  to 
rise.  3.  fig.  to  swarm,  to  appear  in 
great  numbers. 

Afl.  -amento,  -ativo,  -azidne. 

*  Pulmentario  m. ;  cooked  food. 
*Pulmento  m. ;  —  Polenda. 
•Pulmonaria,  Polmonaria/?;  worn-out  ship, 

used  as  a  hospital  or  store. 

*  Pulmoncello  ;«. ;  =  Guidalesco,  sore. 

*  Pulmone  m.;  (war.)=Poltrone,  q.v.  (3). 

*  Pulo  ;  syttcop.  for  Pulito. 
•Pulone  m. ;  chopped  straw,  v,  Pula. 

Pulpit-o  m.  (L.);  pulpit.     Aff.  .'mo  dim. 
*i.  =Palco.     ii.  platform  for  an  organ. 

Pulsantino  m. ;  in  a  keyless  watch,  the  push- 
piece,  the  spring,  upon  pressing  which,  and  twisting 
the  knob,  the  hands  are  moved. 

Pulsare(L.);  to  pulsate. 
*i.  =  Bussare,  to  knock,     ii.  =Sonare,  to  play. 

Pulsatile ;  i.  pulsating.  2.  (tnus.)  Strumento 
— ,  drum  or  other  instrument  played  by  striking. 

Pulsatillay?;  (bot.)  anemone,  Anemone  pulsa- 
tilla. 

Pulsil6gio  or  Pulsimetro  in. ;  the  sphygmo- 
graph  of  Sanctorius,  a  Venetian  physician  of  the 
seventeenth  century. 

*  Pulsino  m.  ',=  Bolsaggine,  pursiness. 

*  Pulsone  w.;  =  Spintone,  thrust. 

*  Pult-aceo  ;  semi-liquid.     -igliay.;  =  Poltiglia. 

Pulvinare  in.  (L.,<pulvinns,  pil- 
low) ;  i.  (archae.)  grand  couch  on  which 
busts  of  the  deities  were  placed  at  a 
banquet.  2.  bridal  couch  of  a  Roman 
empress.  3.  imperial  box  at  the  circus. 
4.  a  part  of  a  modern  amphitheatre, 
e.g.  of  the  Arena  at  Milan. 

*  Pulvinato  ;  puffed  out  like  a  pillow. 

Pulviscolare  ;  Pioggia  — ,  very  fine 
rain. 

Pulviscolo  w/.  (L.,v.  Polvere);  i.  fine 
dust  or  spray,  e.g.  of  a  waterfall.  2.  (tot.) 
pollen. 

Pulzella  / ;  scherz.  for  Pulcella, 
girl. 

Pulzell6na  / ;  old  maid. 

59—2 


468 


PUNA— PUNTO 


*  Puna ;  sitfy.  of  Punire. 
•Puncio  >«.;  =  Ponce,  punch. 

*  Punga  f.  ;     i.     fight,    battle,      ii.  =  Malattia, 
disease. 

*Pung-ello  in. ;=Pungolo.     *-ente»/.;  spear. 

Piing-ere  ind.  pungo  pungi,  perf. 
punsi,  subj.  punga,  part,  punto  (L., 
akin  to  pugna,  puffil,  v.  Pugilare) ; 
i.  to  prick.  2.  to  sting.  *-ersi,  to  be 
spoiled. 

*  Pungettare ;  =  Punzecchiare. 

*  Pungetto  w. ;  =  Pungolo. 
•Pungigliato  m. ;  =  Stimolo,  goad. 
*Pungigli-o  7«.;=Pungolo. 

Pungiglione  w. ;  i.  sting.  2.  spur. 
*goad. 

•Pungitoio  >n.;  i.  goad.  ii.  butcher's  knife  for 
P'gs. 

Pungitdpo ;  r-.  Pugnitopo. 

*  Pungitura  / ;  =  Puntura. 

*  Pungo  adv. ;  =  Punto,  not. 

Piingolo  m.  (It.  pungere) ;  goad. 

Puni-bile  ;  punishable.     AJf.  -bilita. 

*  Puniceo  (L.);  dark  red. 

Punic-o;  i.  Punic.  2.  Mela -a,  pomegranate. 
3.  Cera  -a,  a  combination  of  wax  and  caustic  potash 
used  by  painters  as  a  vehicle  for  colours. 

Pun-ire  ind.  -isco  or  *-o  (L.  punire, 
iorpoenire;  v.  Pena) ;  to  punish. 

*Punita^C;  punishment. 
Pun-itivo,  -itdre,  -itrice,  -izi6ne;  v.  -ire. 

Punt-a  (Ponta)  /.  (L.  puncta)  ; 
i.  point,  tip,  corner  of  a  page  ;  A  — , 
pointed ;  Le  quattro  -e  del  tavolino,  the 
four  corners  of  the  table.  2.  (meii.)  — , 
or  Mai  di  — ,  pleurisy.  3.  a  simple 
stitch  in  the  side  from  running,  side- 
ache.  4.  headless  nail.  5.  stab. 
6.  point  (of  an  epigram).  7.  Pigliare 
uno  di  — ,  to  be  offensive  to  him  ; 
Troppo  di  — ,  too  abruptly ;  Una 
salita  che  non  va  presa  di  — ,  a  hill 
to  be  taken  gently.  8.  Prender  le  cose 
per  la  — ,  to  put  an  offensive  construc- 
tion upon  things.  9.  nib  of  a  pen  ; 
In  —  di  penna,  sketchy.  10.  Parlare 
in  di  forchetta,  i.e.  affectedly, 

ii.  drove,  esp.  of  pigs.  12.  Cane  da 
• — ,  pointer.  13.  --  di  diamante,  in 
the  shape  of  a  four-sided  pyramid. 
14.  -e,  a  kind  of  lace  ending  in  little 
points.  15.  Nuotar  di  — ,  to  dart  both 
hands  straight  out  in  swimming  as 
opposed  to  di  spasseggio,  v.  Spasseggio. 
16.  breast  of  mutton  or  beef.  17.  (mil.) 
Far  — ,  or  —  falsa,  to  make  a  feint. 
18.  (^<?ra/rf.)  =  Campagna  (5). 

*i.  Esser  come  la — del  lino,  =  Esser  cattivi.  ii.  = 
Pugna,  fight,  iii.  troop  (of  soldiers),  iv.  of  wine, 

—  Spunto,  going  sour;  Pigliar  la  — ,  to  get  a  sharp 
taste,    y.  Alia  —  del  giorno,  at  break  of  day.     vi.  Di 

—  ,=Di  filo,  straight,     yii.   Per  —  d'  arme,  by  force 
of  arms ;  Per  —  di  ragione,  by  force  of  argument, 
viii.   Ricercare  per  la  — ,  =  per  1'  appumo.     ix.  Star 

,  to  be  at  daggers  drawn,    x.  Voltar  la  — a  uno, 

=  Farglisi  neinico.     xi.    Mostrar  le  -e,   to   threaten 
with  arms.    xii.  =  Un  minimo  che,  the  least  bit. 

Puntaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Punto. 
*Puntaculo  m. ;  prod. 

*Puntagliayl;  battle.  Regger  una  — ,  to  put 
up  with  a  thing. 

*  Puntaguto  ;  sharp-pointed. 

Puntale  m. ;  i .  metal  point.  2.  tongue 
of  a  buckle.  3.  (mar.)  (a)  —  di  una  nave, 
depth  of  hold  ;  (b)  —  di  staza,  or  della 
stiva,  depth  for  tonnage  ;  (c)  —  di  un 
albero,  housing  of  a  mast;  (rf)=Pun- 
tello,  shore  ;  (e)  —  di  coperta,  deck 
stanchion  or  deck  pillar. 

Puntal&ttO  in. ;  dim.  1'untale. 


•Puntali ;  In  — ,  on  tip-toe. 

Puntapiedi  m.  inded. ;  stretcher  of 
a  boat. 

Punt-are  ;  i.  to  press  heavily.  2.  to 
exert  all  the  means  in  one's  power.  3.  to 
point  a  weapon  against  a  person.  4.  to 
stake,  at  cards.  5.  of  a  dog,  to  point. 
6.  to  stare  at.  7.  to  point  a  big  gun,  or 
telescope.  8.  (mar.)  to  prick  (a  chart). 
9.  (mus.)  to  alter  a  part  so  as  to  make 
it  easier  to  sing.  10.  -arsi,  to  be  ob- 
stinately determined,  n.  (mus.)  -ato, 
(note)  followed  by  a  point,  increasing 
its  length  by  a  half. 

*i.  =  Punteggiare,  to  punctuate,  ii.  —  addosso  a 
uno,  (a)  to  crush  him  down,  (*)  to  calumniate  him. 
iiL  — sopra  Una  cosa,  to  criticise  it.  iv.  =  Appuntare, 
to  find  fault  with.  v.  -ato,  =  Macchiettato,  speckled. 

Puntarillo  m. ;  dim.  Punto. 
tPuntariol  m. ;=Punterolo,  riveting  pin. 
Puntarblo ;  v.  Punterolo. 

Puntata/;  i.  blow  with  a  point, 
e.g.  of  a  broom-handle.  2.  in  spade- 
work,  spit,  depth  equal  to  the  length  of 
the  blade.  3.  as  a  measure  of  length, 
about  five  feet.  4.  at  cards  or  any 
game,  stake.  5.  point  (of  a  pointer- 
dog).  6.  The  number  of  pages  which 
a  book-binder  can  sew  in  one  stitch  ; 
hence  7.  part,  or  number,  of  a  book 
issued  in  parts,  also  termed  Dispensa. 
8.  supplying  a  new  piece  to  the  blade 
of  a  half-worn-out  spade. 

*  Puntatamente  ;=  Puntualmente,  precisely. 

Puntatdre  m. ;  v .  Puntare  (4)  and  (7). 

Puntatura  /;  =  Appuntatura,  fine, 
'punctuation. 

•Puntazione/;  punctuation. 

Puntazza  /  ;  iron  sheathing  on  the 
point  of  a  pile. 

*  Puntaz  zo  m. ;  promontory. 

Punteggi-are  ind.  puntdggio  ;  i.  to 
mark  anything  with  dots  or  points. 
2.  to  punctuate.  3.  (bootm.)  to  put  the 
ornamental  stitching  or  marking. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -atura. 

JtST  Tnere  .'s  considerable  difference  between 
English  and  Italian  punctuation,  commas  being  often 
inserted  without  interruption  to  the  sense  but  merely 
to  draw  some  of  the  words  together,  when  the  same 
punctuation  in  English  would  indicate  an  inter- 
ruption. For  instance,  AM  quanto  io  vorrei,  innanzi 
che  la  mia  mano  diritta  notasse,  ch'  ella  scrivesse, 
e  per  1'  usate  acque  a  te  mi  portasse  (transl. 
of  Ovid's  Leander  to  Hero\  where  the  commas  after 
vorrei  and  notasse  if  given  the  force  they  would  have 
in  English  printing  would  reverse  the  meaning  and 
make  nonsense  of  the  sentence.  The  sense  is  of 
course  Would  my  hand  were  swimming  rather  than 
writing,  whilst  the  commas  make  it  look  to  an  English 
eye  as  if  it  was  Would  my  hand,  rather  than  swim- 
ming, were  writing. 

Puntell-are  ind.  puntello;  i.  to  prop 
up.  2.  to  shore  up  (a  ship).  3.  — 
1'  uscio  colla  granata,  to  prop  the  door 
with  a  broom,  i.e.  to  use  insufficient 
precautions.  *dim.  of  Puntare,  to 
stimulate.  Aff.  -atura. 

Puntell-6tto,  -ino;  dims.  of-o. 

Puntello  m.  (It.  punta,  a  prop  being 
a  pole  which  supports  something  by  its 
point)  ;  I.  prop.  2.  dog-shore,  poppet, 
v.  Puntellare. 

•Puntente  ;  pointed.  As  sb.,  point  of  an  imple- 
ment. 

Punterell-a,  -ina;  dim.,  snt-itint.,  of  Punta. 

Punterello  m. ;  small  stake,  v.  Pun- 
tare  (4). 


Punteria  /. ;  the  pointing  or  laying 
of  a  gun.  Tirare  di  — ,  distance  to 
which  the  trajectory  is  sensibly  flat. 

Punt-er61o,  -erublo,  -ar61o  »/.  (cor- 
responding to  a  L.  **punctariolus)  ; 

1.  punch.     2.  —  da  velaio,  sailmaker's 
bodkin.     3.  corn-weevil,  Calandra  gra- 
naria. 

*  Punticolare  ;  in  the  shape  of  a  small  point. 
'Puntiglia/;  i.f.  Puntaglia,  battle. 
•Puntigliarsi  ;  =  Impuntarsi,  to  jib. 

Puntigli-o  m.  (cogn.  Span,  pini/illo, 
corresponding  to  a  L.  **punticulus]  • 
punctilio.  *i  small  point.  ii.  =  Eti- 
chetta.  Aff.  -oso,  -osaccio  pegg. 

*  Puntimbianco  lit. ;  sudden  determination. 

Puntina/ ;  i.  little  point.  2.  draw- 
ing-pin. 3.  young  shoot  of  a  plant. 
4.  in  //.,  the  little  headless  nails  used 
in  the  heels  of  boots.  5.  a  form  of 
paste  for  soup.  6.  (vet.)  small  exostosis 
on  a  horse's  foot.  t  =  Fisciu. 

Puntino  m.\  i.  i.q.  Puntolino,  dot. 

2.  A   — ,   precisely.      t  =  Ardiglione, 
tongue  of  a  buckle. 

*  Puntio,  *  Punzio  ;=  Puntuto,  pointed". 

*  Puntiscrttto  in. ;  mark,  on  linen  to  be  washed. 

Punt-0  ill.  (L.  punctum) ;  i.  point, 
in  several  senses  both  ordinary  and 
technical ;  for  the  latter  v.  infra,  32  to 
43 ;  («)  —  di  vista,  point  of  view ; 
(b)  matter ;  Quest'  e  tal  —  Che  piu 
savio  di  te  fe'  gik  errante,  this  is  a 
matter  which  led  astray  a  wiser  man 
than  thou,  viz.  Averroes,  D.  Purg.  25. 
62  ;  Questo  e  —  legale,  this  is  a  legal 
point  ;  Ora  dagli  amministratori  di 
buona  fede  chi  puo  richiedere  che  essi 
piglino  il  —  mai  tanto  giusto  che  non 
trascorrano  alquanto  di  qua  o  di  la,  who 
can  expect  (even)  an  honest  manager 
always  to  hit  the  right  point  without 
making  a  mistake  either  in  one  direction 
or  the  other  ;  (f)  Toccare  il  — ,  to  reach 
the  summit  of  perfection.  2.  dot. 

3.  mark,  point,  (a)  for  good   or  bad 
behaviour  in  school,  (b)  in  scoring,  at 
a  game  ;   Fare  il  — ,  at  certain  games, 
to  score  the  first  point.     4.   — ,  or  - 
fermo,  full  stop ;    due  -i,  colon  ;   —  e 
virgola,  semicolon ;   —  ammirativo   or 
esclamativo,   point   of  admiration    (!); 
—  interrogative,  point  of  interrogation 
(?) ;  Per  un  —  Martin  perse  la  cappa, 
v.  Cappa  (2) ;  —  e  da  capo,  stop  and 
begin  again.     5.    moment  of  time,  as 
in    English.      Formerly  the   hour   was 
divided    into    1080    Punti,   whilst    the 
Punto    was     io    Minuti,    the    Minuto 
12  Onze,  the  Onza  47  Atomi,  and  the 
Atomo  "si  e  4  delli  polveramenti  pic- 
coli  Ii  quali  vanno  nella  spera  del  sole," 
meaning,  presumably,  a  time  comparable 
to  the  size  of  a  mote  in  a  sunbeam. 
Another  author  makes  the  atomo  indi- 
visible (T.  and  E.,  sub  Punto).     6.  head 
of  an   argument   or  speech.      7.    hint. 
8.   stitch  ;  —  cieco,  slip-stitch  ;  —  in- 
crociato  or  in   croce,  cross-stitch  ;   — 
d'  orlo,  hem  ;  —  a  spina,  feather-stitch  ; 

-  a  giorno,  hem-stitch,  open-work;  - 
a  Strega,  herring-boning  ;  —  diamante, 
diamond-stitch;  —  lungo, basting  stitch; 


PUNTOCOMA— PURGARE 


469 


—  indietro  or  addietro,  back-stitch  ;  - 
a  filza,  running ;  -  -  d'  Inghilterra, 
English  lace.  9.  In  si  forte  —  veduto, 
looking  so  magnificent  (Boccaccio, 
Nov.  97).  10.  in  a  shot  gun,  the  catch 
which  holds  up  the  hammer ;  A  mezzo 
— ,  at  half  cock  ;  A  tutto  — ,  at  full 
cock  ;  Mettere  al  — ,  to  cock  (a  gun). 
1 1.  =  Passo,  passage  in  a  story  or  play  ; 
Da  questo  passo  vinto  mi  concedo  Piu 
che  giammai  da  —  di  suo  tema  Soprato 
fosse  comico  o  tragedo,  D.  Par.  30.  22, 
here  I  confess  myself  more  baffled  by 
my  theme  than  ever  was  play-writer 
comic  or  tragic  by  any  part  of  his 
subject.  12.  expedient,  plan.  13.  spot ; 
Fatti  sicur  che  noi  siamo  a  buon  — , 
D.  Purg.  9.  47,  make  thyself  easy  for 
here  we  are  happily  placed.  1 4.  =  Trina, 
lace.  15.  danger,  risk.  16.  hole,  in  a 
strap. 

Phrases:  17.  with  A:  (a)  A  — ,  or 
Appunto,  exactly  ;  A  un  — ,  or  A  un 
medesimo  — ,  at  the  same  time ;  Parlano 
tutte  a  un  — ,  they  are  all  talking  at 
once ;  (b)  A  buon  — ,  opportunely  ; 
A  mal  — ,  inopportunely;  (c)  A  ogni 
— ,  at  any  time  ;  (d)  Fino  a  un  — , 
completely  :  (e)  A  — ,  as  adj.,  exact, 
accurate  ;  (f)  Stare  a  —  e  virgola,  to 
perform  one's  duties  with  scrupulous 
accuracy.  18.  Avert  un  —  piu  del 
diavolo,  to  be  very  artful.  19.  --in 
bianco,  v.  Bianco  (6).  20.  In  buon 
— ,  i.q.  A  buon  — ,  v.  supra  (17,  b). 
21.  (a)  Dare  i  -i,  to  propound  the  ques- 
tions ;  (If}  Dare  il  — ,  to  fix  time  and 
place.  22.  Di  —  in  — ,  (a)  point  by 
point,  in  all  particulars,  (b)  from  moment 
to  moment,  every  instant.  23.  Di  tutto 
— ,  (a)  completely,  (b)  exactly,  punc- 
tually. 24.  Far  — ,  (a)  to  come  to  a 
stop,  v.  supra  (4),  esp.  in  mercantile 
sense,  to  stop  payment  ;  (b)  Far  —  a, 
to  notice,  observe.  25.  Fermare  il  — , 
to  determine  precisely.  26.  — franco, 
bonded  warehouse.  27.  In — ,  (a)  ready, 
(b)  in  good  condition,  (coin)  of  full 
weight,  (c)  Porre  il  caso  in  — ,  to  say 
how  the  matter  really  stands,  (d)  in 
cooking,  just  done  and  ready  to  be 
served  up.  As  adv.:  (e)  exactly,  (/)  op- 
portunely, (g)  Venire  in  — ,  to  accom- 
plish one's  purpose.  28.  (a)  —  della 
tuna,  position  of  the  moon  ;  (b)  A  -i  di 
luna,  v.  Luna  (6).  29.  (a)  Metlere  al 
— ,  to  irritate  ;  (b)  Mettere  un  — ,  to 
sew.  30.  Ogni  — ,  v.  supra  (17,  c). 
31.  Pigliare  il  peggio  — ,  to  put  the 
worst  construction  upon  something  said, 
or  done. 

Technical  usages :  32.  in  pi.,  A 
grandi,  or  piccoli  -i,  of  maps,  on  a 
large  or  small  scale.  33.  —  d'  acqua, 
slack-water  flood.  34.  (astr.)  Primo  — 
d'  ariete,  the  first  point  of  Aries,  spring 
equinox ;  —  d'  autunno,  the  first  point 
of  Libra,  autumn  equinox.  35.  —  di 
congelazione,  freezing-point ;  —  d'  ebol- 
lizione,  boiling-point;  --  di  rugiada, 
dew-point.  36.  (jnar.)  -i  di  confronto 
pel  montamento  delle  macchine  a  bordo, 
regulating  points  for  fixing  the  engines 


on  board.  37.  —  morto  di  una  mano- 
vella,  dead  point  of  a  crank.  38.  (mar.} 
-  della  nave,  the  ship's  place,  viz. 
(a)  —  osservato,  by  observation,  (6)  — 
per  rilievp,  or  rilevato,  by  bearings, 
(c)  -  -  stimato,  by  dead  reckoning  ; 
Calcolare  il  — ,  to  work  the  reckoning. 
39.  —  di  rapporto,  mark,  point  of  refer- 
ence. 40.  (math.)  —  di  regresso,  cusp. 
41.  (sailm.)  —  diagonale  di  scotta,  cross 
core.  42.  —  velico,  —  Centre  di  velatura, 
centre  of  effort  of  the  sails. 

t43-  in  ship-building,  —  sopra,  =  A 
sopra  squadra,  more  open  than  a  right 
angle  ;  —  sotto,  =  A  sotto  squadra,  less 
open  than  a  right  angle. 

As  adverb :  44.  not ;  —  nulla,  nothing 
whatever ;  Ne  —  ne  poco,  not  at  all  ; 
—  del  mondo,  not  the  least  in  the  world. 

te participle:  45.  v.  Pungere.  46.= 
Invaghito. 

*  Pun tocoma  tn. ;  =  Punto  e  virgola,  semicolon. 
*Puntola_/;  dim.  Punta. 

Puntolina/;  dim.  vczz.  Punta,  tip, 
point. 

Puntolino  m. ;  dim.  Punto,  dot,  esp. 
referring  to  dots  representing  a  sup- 
pressed name  (...). 

Punton-e  m.  (A)  (L  ponto,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Pontoon);  i.  =  Pontone.  2.  rafter. 
3.  dredger.  Aff.  -cello,  -ci'no  dims. 

(B)  (augm.  of  Punta) ;  i.  spike. 
2.  sloping  rafter  of  a  roof.  3.  («)  forti- 
fication or  military  formation  running 
out  to  a  salient  point,  (b)  dam  in  a 
stream  of  similar  shape.  4.  (agric.)  = 
Puntello,  prop. 

*i.  =Punta,  point,  D.  Purg.  9.  113.  ii.  adv.  with 
the  point. 

Puntual-e  :    i.    punctual.     2.    neat, ' 
in    dress.      Aff.   -ino   dim.   vezz.,   -ita, 
-me'nte. 

*  Puntulare  ;  to  prick. 
Puntunghero;«.  ;  =  Punto  in  croce,  v.  Punto (8). 

Puntur-a  /;  i.  puncture,  prick. 
2.  =  Punta,  stitch  or  pleurisy,  v.  Punta 
(2)  and  (3).  *=  Punta,  point.  Aff.-&l\.a., 
-fna  dims. 

Puntuto ;  pointed. 

Punzeccbi-are  ind.  punze"cchio ;  to 
give  little  pricks  to.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Punzecchlo  ;//. ;  constant  pin-prick- 
ing. *punch. 

*  Punz-ellare,  -icare;=Punzccchiare. 

*  Punzio  ;  =  Appunlato,  pointed. 
•Punzione  f.  (v.  Punzone);=l'untura,  prick. 

Punzoncella/I;  (tat.)  =  Frassinella,  Dictam- 
n-us. 

Punz6n-e  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  poinc^on, 
Span,  pitnzon  ;  cp.  Span,  and  Portug. 
punzar,  punc.ar,  to  prick,  and  It.  pon- 
zare,  q.v.\  the  substantive  forms  are 
from  the  verbs,  and  the  verbs<**/««f- 
tiare,  <  L.  punctus,  pricking,  whilst  L. 
punctio  produced  Punzione) ;  i.  tool 
for  punching  out  a  die,  puncheon. 
2.  punch,  with  the  fist.  3.  in  //.,  gilt 
lines  on  the  back  of  the  leather  binding 
of  a  book.  Aff.  -are  to  punch  out,  -cfno, 
-e"tto  dims. 

•Puollo,  Puossi  ;  =  Lo  puo,  Si  puii. 
t  PupA  »».;=  Inclinazione. 


t  Pupa  /.;  =  Poppa. 

*  Pupazza  f.  (L.  fufas,  v.   Putto)  ;  =  Bambola, 
doll. 

Pupazzetto ;  v.  Puppazzetto. 
*Pupazzo  m. ;  =  Fantoccio,  puppet. 

*  Pupilare  (L.)  ;  of  a  peacock,  to  cry. 
Pupillay^;  i.  few.  of  Pupiilo.     2.  (anaf.) pupil 

of  the  eye  ;  the  name  is  due  to  the  small  images  seen 
in  the  pupil  (Skeat).     *  =  Goccioia. 

Pupill-are  ;  adj.  of  -o.  Sostituzione 
— ,  in  Roman  law,  the  naming  of  an 
heir  in  case  of  the  death  of  an  orphan. 

Pupill-atura  /  ;  pupilage.  -e'tta 
or  -ina  f. ;  dim.  of  -a.  -ino  m. ;  dim. 
of  -o. 

Pupiilo  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  pupus,  v. 
Putto) ;  i.  ward.  2.  simpleton. 

Pupillbtto  m. ;  simpleton. 

Pupilluzzayl;  dim.  Pupilla. 

Pupo  m.  (L.,  v.  Putto);  baby,  little  dear. 

*  Puppa  f. ;    i.  =  Upupa,   hoopoe,     ii.  =  Poppa, 
breast. 

Puppattol-a/ ;  doll.     Aff.  -ina  dim. 
Puppazze'tto,   Pupazzetto   m.  ;    at 
Rome,  journalistic  caricature. 

*  Puppevole  ;  =  Che  si  pu£>  poppare. 
Puppolay?;^  Upupa,  hoopoe. 

tPuppdn-ay;,  -e  m. ;  augm.  Poppa. 
tPupporay.  pl.',=  Poppa,  breast. 
t  Pupporina  f. ;  small  roll  of  bread. 

Pupurri  ;«.  (Fr.) ;  pot-pourri. 

Puramente ;  purely. 

*  Purare  ;  =  Nettare,  to  clean. 

Purche,  Purchessia  ;  v.  Pure. 

Pure  (L.,  <pnrus)  ;  still,  however, 
all  the  same,  anyhow,  somehow.  Non 
— ,  not  even.  —  di,  with  an  infinitive, 
still  for  the  sake  of —  Senza  — ,  with- 
out even....  As  adv.  of  emphasis,  Era 
—  buono  quel  vino,  that  wine  really  was 
good.  Tu  sei  —  cattivo,  you  really  are 
unkind,  or  with  the  epithet  left  to  the 
imagination,  Tu  sei  —  !  Oh  !  but  you 
are  !  Purche,  provided  that.  Purches- 
sia, =  Qualunque.  Dammi  un  libro 
purchessia,  give  me  some  book  or 
other. 

Pure  m. ;  fv.purde,  vegetables  boiled 
and  pressed  through  a  hair  sieve. 

*  Purello  ;  dim.  vezz.  Puro. 

Pur-itto  (dim.  Puro)  ;=Schietto,  pure,  -ezza 
/:  purity. 

Purga/;  i.  purge;  Fare  una  — , 
to  take  a  course  of  purgatives.  2.  Met- 
tere in  — ,  to  put  in  soak,  in  order  to 
bring  the  thing  into  some  required  con- 
dition. Scherz.  of  a  thing  that  ought  to 
be  done,  but  is  not ;  L'  ho  tenuta  in  — , 

I  have  not  done  it,  lit.  I  have  kept  it 
soaking.    3.  in//.,  (med.)  menses.    4.  of 
metals,  refining.     5.   (archae.)  sacrifice 
to  the  Manes. 

Purg-are  (L.,  for  **purigarc,  freq. 
<purus);  i.  to  purge.  2.  to  clean 
(woollens).  3.  pop.  -arsi  in,  to  like ; 

II  sor  Pietro  con  questo  vino  ci  si  -a, 
friend    Peter    likes    this   wine   uncom- 
monly.     4.    iron,   of   envious    people, 
Figurati  ora  quando  senton  questi  tuoi 
trionfi,  si  -heranno,  when  they  hear  of 
your  success  it  will   put  them  on  the 
run  !     Similarly  -ati !  Vi  potete  —  !  Si 
-hi !  a  retort  to  anyone  who  has  made 
an  envious  attack.     5.  -arsi  da  un'  ac- 
cusa,  to  prove  one's  innocence.  6.  Anima 


470 


PURGATORIO— QUADRA 


-ante,  soul  in   Purgatory,  or,  as  sb.,  I 
-anti  ;   Chiesa  -ante,  Purgatory. 

Aff.  -abile,  -agione  =  -azione,  -amdnto, 
-a.nla.ccio  pegg.,  -ante  i.q.  -ativo,  -antino 
dim.,  -antone  augm.,  -ata  taking  a  pur- 
gative, -ativo,  -atore,  with  the  special 
senses  of  (i)  cleaner  of  woollens, 
(2)  settling  tank,  -atrice. 

Purgatbrio  m. ;  i.  (eccl.)  purgatory. 
2.  pop.  for  Purgatore.  3.  a  sort  of  tub 
used  in  paper-making.  4.  in  oil  pressing, 
vessel  for  receiving  the  pure  oil. 

Purgatura  / ;  i.  the  cleaning  of 
woollens  or  the  price  paid  therefor. 
2.  =  Vagliatura. 

Purgazi6ne/ ;  i.  purification,  either 
in  moral  or  ceremonial  sense  ;  Giudizio 
di  — ,  verdict  of  not  guilty.  2.  in  //., 
=  Purghe,  menses. 

Purgh-etta,  -ettina:  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of 
Purga. 

Purgo  m, ;  i.  cleaner's  works,  v. 
Purgare  (2).  2.  Fonti  da  — ,  cleaning 
tubs  in  a  tannery.  3.  Mettere  in  - 
una  noi\z\3.,fig.  to  wait  for  its  confirma- 
tion before  believing  it.  4.  of  a  person 
or  thing  which  we  refuse  to  accept.  La 
potete  rimettere  in  — ,  you  may  put  it 
back  again. 

*  Puricciolo  w.;  =  Nettatura,  waste  product. 

Purific-amento,  -are,  -ativo,  -atoio  (eccl.) 
cloth  for  wiping  the  sacramental  chalice,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -azidne;  as  E.  Fiore  della  Purificazione, 
snowdrop,  v.  Bucaneve. 

Pur-ismo,  -ista,  -ita.  -itanismo,  -itano,  -o; 
asE. 

Purpureo  (L. ,  ?/.  Skeat,  sub  Purple) ;  purple. 

Purulen-to,  -za,  Pus;  as  E.  CL->  ».  Skeat, 
sat  Pus). 

Pusign-0  m.  (** postcenium,  <  L. 
post,  cena) ;  late  supper.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Pusillanim-e,  -ita;  as  E. 

Pusillo  (L.,  dim.  oi pusus  for putus, 
v.  Putto) ;  i.  little.  2.  weak,  feeble- 
minded. 

tPusticcia/;=Vignaa  filari. 

Pustol-a/;  pustule.  Aff.  -e"tta,  -hia  or  -ettina 
dims.,  -oso  adj. 

Puta  ;  imperat.  of  L.  putare,  used 
in  the  phrase  —  caso,  suppose. 

Putativ-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 


Put&nte  ;  stinking. 

Putera/;  (tot.)  =Cara,  feather-beds. 
•Puti;  v.  Uti. 

t  Puticchia  ;  adj.  of  some  species  of  Cincia,  tit. 
Pigliarsi  di  — ,  or  Puticchiare,  to  quarrel. 

Piitido  ;  stinking. 

'Putidorew.;  stench. 

Putif&io  m.  (apparently  coined  from 
L.  putidus,  fero)  ;  i.  scandalous  row, 
e.g.  between  two  members  of  Parlia- 
ment. 2.  =  Rabbuffo,  scolding.  3.  hor- 
rible stink. 

*  Putigine_/?;  =  Rogna,  mange. 

*  Putiglioso ;  stinking. 

Putine  f.;  (bat.)  fetid  bean-trefoil,  Anagyris 
fctida. 

Putire  ind.  puto  (cogn.  Provenq. 
pudir,  <  L.  putere,  root  pfi :  put,  cp.  L. 
pus,  puter,  Gr.  itvov,  O.H.G.  fii-loit, 
Germ,  faul,  E.  foul)  ;  to  stink.  Prov. 
II  pesce  pute  dalla  testa,  said  when  a 
bad  example  is  set  by  those  in  high 
places. 

*  Putizza  y^;  =  Mofeta,  cavern  of  foul  air. 

*  Puto  (L.,  var.  of  purus)  ;  pure. 

*  Putolente  :  =  Puzzolente,  stinking. 

Putre  (L.);  =  Putrido. 
Putredine/  (L) ;  corruption,  decay. 

Putredinista  m. ;  one  who  holds  that  life  came 
from  corruption. 

Putredin<5so ;  putrefying. 

Putre-fare,  -fattfbile,  -fazidne  ;  to  putrefy, 
etc. 

Putrescente  ;  beginning  to  putrefy. 

Putrid-o(L.,  z>.  Putire);  putrid.    Aff.  -ita. 

Putridume  m. ;  quantity  of  garbage. 

*  Putrilagine/!;  decaying  vegetable  matter. 

Putt-a  /  (v.  Putto) ;  i.  (poet.)  girl. 
2.  strumpet. 

*i.  =Gazza,  magpie,  ii.  Dar  beccare  alle  -e,  in 
gaming,  to  conceal  some  of  one's  winnings,  iii.  — 
scodata,  crafty  fellow. 

Puttagra  f.',=  Bottarga,  mullet-caviare. 

Puttan-a  /  (bit.  putana,  <  L.  puta, 
girl)  ;  strumpet.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Puttanaio  m.\  i.  collection  of  Put- 
tane.  2.  (fig.)  =  Putiferio,  row,  noisy 
disturbance. 

Puttaneggiare  ind.  puttane"ggio ;  to 
be  a  prostitute.  *=Fingere. 

Puttanella  /;  i.  dim.  Puttana. 
2.  (ornith.)  lesser  rail,  Rallus  pusillus. 


3.    flask    for   the   best    Montepulciano 
wine. 

Puttan-esco  adj.,  -isimo  the  mode  of  living 
of  a  -a,  -gola  euphemism  for  -a  ;  v.  Puttana. 

Puttaniera/;;  woman  who  lives  like  a  prosti- 
tute. 

Puttanifrre  m.\  man  of  loose  life. 

Puttan-inayl;  dim.  of-a. 

Puttazza  /;  immodest  woman. 

Puttello  m. :  blacksmith's  boy.    *  any  little  boy. 

*  Putteria  f.\    i.    childishness,      ii.    frequenting 
Ijrothels. 

Puttin-a  /.,  -o  m. ;  dim.  of  Putt-a, 
-o  ;  esp.  as  work  of  art. 

Putto  m.  (A) ;  boy,  esp.  as  a  work 
of  art  in  painting  or  sculpture. 

Etynt.  L.  pfttus,  from  a  root  /«,  to  generate, 
strengthened  into  put.  The  root  pu  has  also  the 
kindred  sense  of  young";  for  some  of  its  deriva- 
tives, v .  Polio,  Poppa,  Pube,  Puledro,  Pupillo,  cp.  L. 
pulljis,  fitter,  Gr.  TnuAot,  foal,  old  Gr.  TraOs,  Gr.  wats, 
boy,  E.  foal,  puppy,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Foal,  Puberty, 
Pupa,  Pupil. 

*(B)  (L.  paiidta,  cp.  Netto,  <  nitidus) ;  i.  vile, 
ii.  wanton  (eyes),  D.  Inf.  13.  65.  iii.  Paura  putta, 
terrible  fear. 

Puttdne  m.;  augm.  Putto  (A). 
tPutt6tta/;  =  Ragazzotta,  fine  girl. 

*  Puve-sia,  -ta  ;=Poe-sia,  -ta. 


Puzza  f. ;  stench,  v.  Puzzo. 

*  i.  =  Marcia,    festering   matter. 


Inezia,  Ciarpa,  trash,     iii.  as  adj. ,  Pietra — ,  coal. 
Puzzacchiare  ;  pop.  dim.  of  Puzzare, 


Puzzaccio  tn. ;  pegg-  Puzzo. 


ii.  =  Bruscolo, 
-,  coal, 
to  stink. 


Puzz-are  vb.,  -ecchiare  ind.  puzzdc- 
chio  dim.,  to  smell  rather  bad,  -er^llo 
dim.,  -ettino  sub-dim.,  -icchiare  i.q. 
-ecchiare,  -Ino  dim. ;  v.  Puzzo. 

*  Puzzitero  in. ;=Putifcrio,  disgraceful  row. 

Puzzo  m.  (L.  piitidus,  through  some 
form  **ptttio  or  **putidio)  ;  i.  stench. 
2-  (fig-)  uproar  ;  Per  un  nulla  non  im- 
portava  far  tanto  — ,  there  was  no  need 
to  make  such  a  row  about  nothing. 
*pus. 

Piizzol-a./  (It.  puzzare);  i.  pole-cat,  Putorius 
cotnmnnis.  2.  a  species  of  ant,  Ponera  contracts, 
also  termed  Scuterzola,  Rizzaculo.  3.  cavern  with 
foul  air.  4.  (bat.)  (ft)  a  species  of  fungus,  (b)  in  pi., 
(a.)  -e  grandi,  African  marigold,  Tagetts  erecta,  also 
termed  Garofano  indiano,  (ft)  -e  minori,  French 
marigold,  Tttgetes  patula,  also  termed  Garofano 
indiano  minore,  Garofano  messicano  minore. 

Puzzolana  f. ;  pop.  for  Pozzolana. 
Puzzolente  ;  stinking. 

t  Puzzolio  in. ;  =  Puzzone. 

Puzzone  m. ;  one  who  stinks. 


Q,  pronounced  Cu,  m.;  Abbrevia- 
tions :  Quota,  Quale,  Questo,  Quondam. 
M.  or  Ch.  Q.,  square  miles  or  kilometres. 

*i.  as  a  sign,  for  500,  or  with  a  bar  over  it,  500,000. 
ii.  on  French  coins  it  indicated  the  mint  at  Perpignan. 

Qua  (L.  eccu  hac) ;  here.  Mondo  di 
— ,  or  simply  Di  — ,  the  present  world. 
Esser  piu  di  Ik  che  di  — ,  to  belong 
more  to  the  next  world  than  the  present. 
Di  —  delle  Alpi,  on  this  side  of  the 
Alps.  Piii  — ,  of  time,  later  on.  Ci 
rivedremo  piu  — ,  we  shall  meet  again 
later. 

*i.  Da  di  — ,  hereabouts,  ii.  In  —  addietro, 
a)  formerly,  (b)  a  short  time  ago.  iii.  —  innanzi, 
shortly,  in  the  near  future. 


Quacquero,  Quacchero  (Quaquaro) 
m.  ;  Quaker. 

Quaderle'tto  m.  ;  gusset. 

Quaderna,  Quaterna/;  staking  on 
four  numbers  in  the  public  lottery,  or 
in  playing  at  Tombola. 

uaderno. 

Quar- 


nale. 


8uadernaccio  in.;  pegg.  Qu 
uadernale  m.;  i.  =  Quader 


aderno. 
rnario.     ii 


Quadernario,  Quaternario  ;  quater- 
nary. As  sb.,  stanza  of  four  lines. 

Quadern-o  in.  (mlt.  quaternum,  sheet 
folded  into  four,  cp.  E.  quire,  Fr.  cahier, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Quire)  ;  i.  copy-book, 
note-book  ;  —  di  fogli,  quire,  twenty- 


five  sheets;  --  di  oneri,  schedule  of 
duties  or  conditions  attaching  to  some 
appointment  or  business  which  is  being 
advertised  ;  —  di  cassa,  cashier's  book  ; 
—  memoriale,  pocket-book  ;  —  di  chie- 
sola,  (mar.)  log-book.  2.  =Fascicolo, 
part,  when  a  book  is  being  published 
in  parts.  3.  rectangular  strip  of 
ground. 

*i.  =Quadrotti,  double  fours,  ii.  -Qnadernario, 
stanza,  iii.  II  —  di  vostra  materia,  the  quire  of 
matter  known  to  you,  i.e.  the  material  world,  D.  Par. 

M7-  37- 

Aff.    -etto   dim.,   -ino   dim.   vezz.,   -uccio  dint, 
sfreg. 

Quadra  /  (L.) ;  i.  Dar  la  — ,  (a)  to 
laugh  at,  *(b)  to  flatter.    2.  (mar.)  square 


OUADRABILE— QUANDO 


sail  ;    Alia   — ,  ship- rigged.      3.    altar- 
table  for  sacrificing. 

*  i.  =  Quadrante.    ii.  square  plate,    iii.  =  Squadra, 
carpenter's  square,     iv.  quality,  manner. 

Quadr-abile ;  i.  reducible  into  a 
square.  2.  suitable,  -agenario ;  i. 
making  up  forty.  2.  forty  years  old. 
-agesima  f, ;  =  Quaresima,  Lent,  -age- 
simale ;  Lenten.  -age'simo ;  (eccl.) 
fortieth,  -ame'nto  m. ;  squaring,  -ango- 
lare  adj.,  -angolo  sb.  or  adj. 

Quadrante  m. ;  i.  quadrant.  2.  clock- 
face  ;  —  solare,  portable  sun-dial,  taking 
up  a  correct  position  by  means  of  a  mag- 
net embedded  in  its  face.  3.  (Rom. 
hist.)  quadrans,  the  fourth  of  an  as. 
Hence,  Pagare  fin  all'  ultimo  — ,  to  pay 
to  the  last  farthing.  4.  as  adj.,  suitable. 

Quadr-are  (L.,  v.  Quadro) ;  i.  to 
square.  2.  =  Squadrare.  3.  —  la  testa, 
to  train  to  accurate  reasoning.  4.  to 
fit,  to  suit.  5.  part,  -ato,  v.  infra  in 
loco. 

Quadraro  /«.;  merchant  who  sells  flag -stones. 

*  =  Negoziante  di  quadri,  picture-dealer. 
Quadratamente  ;  Moltiplicare  — ,  to  square. 
Ouadrat-ica  f. ',  quadratic  equation. 
Quadratino  ;«. ;  half  quadrat,  v.  Quadrato  (6). 

Quadrat-o  ;  i.  square.  2.  Jig.  sen- 
sible, shrewd  (person),  firm  (voice). 

3.  (arithm.)  —  regolare,  square  of  a 
number  ;    Otto  a   — ,  eight   by   eight. 

4.  (astr.)  Aspetto   — ,   quadrature,   v. 
Quadratura  (i).     5.  as  sb.,  a  measure  of 
area,   about    an    acre    and    a   quarter. 
6.    (print.)  quadrat,  a   piece   of  type- 
metal  lower  than  the  letters,  used  for 
spacing.     7.  (mar.)  mess-room  ;  —  dei 
guardiemarina,    gun-room ;        -    degli 
ufficiali,  ward-room. 

*  Lettera  -a.  —  Lettera  di  scatola,  big  letter. 
Ouadratone  m.;  augm.  Quadrato  (6). 
Ouadr-at6re  m.,  -atrice/:;  squarer. 
Quadratbrio  /«.;  sculptor  of  tombstones. 
Quadratura  f.;   i.   as  E.     In  astronomy  two 

bodies  are  in  quadrature  when  the  apparent  angle 
between  them   is   ninety   degrees.     2.    torso   of  an 
animal,  from  the  shoulders  to  the  rump. 
*Quadraturista  m.  ;=  Riquadratore. 

Quadrella  f. ;  large  four-sided  file. 
*  arrow. 

Quadrellato  m. ;  pavement  of  square 
stones. 

Quadrell-etto,  -ino  ;  dims,  of  -o. 

Quadrell-o  m.,  with  //.  -i  or  (poet.) 
f.  -a;  i.  =  Freccia,  arrow.  2.  weapon, 
or  any  tool,  with  a  four-sided  point. 
3.  four-sided  iron  bar.  4.  square  for 
ruling  lines.  5.  flooring-tile,  v.  Mat- 
tone  (9).  6.  the  piece  sewn  in  between 
the  fingers  of  a  glove.  7.  a  kind  of 
packing-needle  used  in  forming  the 
edging  to  a  rug.  8.  (mar.)  —  di  una 
vela,  =  Taccone  di  una  vela,  lining. 
9.  (bot.)  (a)  =  Cunzia,  galingale,  (6)  - 
minore,  a  species  of  plantain,  Plantago 
serpentina. 

Quadreria/ ;  sellers,  lot  of  pictures. 

Quadre'tt-o  m.\  i.  small  picture. 
2.  square  of  a  chess-board  or  of  any 
check  pattern.  j.  =  Quadrello(5).  4.  any 
square  object. 

*i.  a  measure  of  capacity,  ii.  (rtrM.)=Listello, 
flat-line.  Aff.  -fno  dim.,  -one  augtn.t  -uccio  dim. 
Iprtg. 


Quadri/  indecl. ;  at  cards,  diamond, 
see  the  note  to  Carta  (5). 

Quadricello  m. ;  square  base  for  a 
vase,  etc. 

Quadri-ennio,  -forme;  as  E. 

Quadriga  /  (L.,  contr.  from  quad- 
rijuga)  ;  i.  car  drawn  by  four  horses 
abreast.  2.  the  horses  of  the  same. 

Quadrigato  ;  coin  stamped  with  a 
Quadriga. 

Quadrigli-a/ ;  i.  quadrille.  2.  Tes- 
suto  a  -e,  cloth  of  a  check  pattern. 
*  small  troop. 

Quadrigliati  m.pl.,  or  *Quadriglio ; 
a  variety  of  Tressetti  ;  it  was  formerly 
played  in  England  and  called  Quadrille. 

Quadri-latero,  -lineo ;  as  E.  -lungo ;  oblong, 
-lustre ;  twenty  years  old.  -mestrale ;  of  four 
months,  -mestre  m. ;  period  of,  or  as  adj.,  lasting 
four  months.  *-no  m. ;  i.  =Quattrino.  ii.  paving- 
stone.  -n6mio  m. ;  algebraical  expression  of  four 
terms,  -partito,  -partizibneyC,  -rerne  m.,  -sil- 
labo  ;  as  E.  -ttdngo  m. ;  double  diphthong,  as  in 
Figliuoi.  -vio  rn. ;  crossing  of  four  roads.  Arti  del 
•vio,  Geometry,  Arithmetic,  Music  and  Astronomy, 
v.  Trivio. 

Quadr-0  (cogn.  Fr.  cadre,  frame, 
Span,  cuadro,  square,  also  picture,  <  L. 
quadrus,  four-cornered,  akin  to  quatuor, 
four,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Quadrant) ;  i.  square ; 
Carta  -a,  card  where  the  pips  are  set 
square,  like  the  seven,  six,  five  and  four, 
as  opposed  to  the  two  and  three,  with 
the  pips  in  a  row.  2.  fig.  level-headed, 
sensible.  3.  (mar.}  square  (sail) ;  Basti- 
mento  — ,  vessel  with  square  sails  ;  Alia 
-a,  ship-rigged. 

As  sb. :  4.  any  square  space.  5.  pic- 
ture, lit.  of  fig- ;  Le  logge  presentavano 
un  —  animatissimo  e  svariato,  the  ar- 
cades presented  a  most  lively  and  varied 
picture.  6.  —  magico,  square  plates 
charged  like  a  Leyden  jar  ;  —  di  dis- 
tribuzione,  switch-board.  7.  Lavoro  di 
— ,  square  work,  as  opposed  to  Lavoro 
intagliato,  in  which  there  are  no  sharp 
corners.  8.  at  cards,  v.  supra,  Quadri 
in  loco.  g.  shawl  worn  over  the  head 
and  shoulders  by  women.  10.  (mil.) 
cadre,  n.  (mar.)  —  di  poppa,  upper 
part  of  the  stern,  square  of  the  stern,  v. 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  25,  no.  23. 

*  i.  A  braccia  -e,  in  great  quantities,  lit.  by  square 
ells.  ii.  Capo  — ,  fool,  but  Capo  — ^  or  rather  Testa 
-a,  now  means  "man  of  good  sense.'  iii.  =  Cornice, 
frame,  iv.  Specie  di  porco.  v.  =Quadrello  (5). 

Quadr6ne  m. ;  i.  large  picture. 
2.  large  brick  slab  or  large  flat  block 
of  granite  or  other  stone  -for  building. 

*i.  large  check  in  a  pattern,  ii.  square-shaped 
torch  of  wnite  wax.  iii.  coarse  linen,  iv.  quadroon. 

Quadrdtta ;  Carta  — ,  paper  ruled 
both  ways. 

Quadrbtti  m.  pi. ;  at  dice,  double 
fours. 

Quadrucclni  m.  pi. ;  paste  for  soup 
in  squares. 

Quadrucci-o  m.\  i.  small  picture. 
2.  flooring-brick,  v.  Mattone  (9).  Aff. 
-one  augm. 

Quadru-mane,  -pede,  -plicare,  -plicazionc, 
-plice,  -plicita,  -plo  ;  as  E. 

Qua-entro ;  herein,  -ggifc  or  -ggiuso ; 
here  below. 


Quaglia/. ;  (ornith.)  i.  quail,  Cotur- 
nix  coinmunis,  also  termed  Coturnice, 
Pernice  colombaria,  greca,  maggiore  or 
sassatile.  2.  —  tre  unghie,  Andalusian 
quail,  Hemippdius  tachydromus,  also 
termed  Turnice. 

Etym.  Old  Fr.  quailU,  of  doubtful  origin. 
Parallel  forms  are  old  Span,  cualha,  Proven^,  calha, 
Catalan  ruattla.  The  source  of  these  seems  to  be 
the  middle  Dutch  quakele  (>  Dutch  kwakkel),  pro- 
bably imitative,  like  the  O.H.G.  waktala  (>Germ. 
Wachtel,  quail),  cp.  A.S.  wyktel. 

*  Ouagliare  (variant  of  Cagliare)  ;  to  curdle. 
*Quagliatay^;  — Giuncata,  junket. 

*  Quaglieraio  tit. ;  quail  trap. 

Quagliere  m. ;  bird-call  for  quails.  Aver  pieno 
il  —  ,  to  have  plenty  of  money. 

Quagli-etta,  -ettfna  ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of -a. 
*Quaglio  ;«.  ;  =  Caglio,  rennet. 

Quai  m.  (borrowed  from  Fr.  or  E. ;  for  origin, 
v .  Skeat,  sub  Quay) ;  {mar.)  quay. 
tQuaino  w.;  =  Quattrino. 

Quairate  /.  pi.',  (mar.)  =  Torelli,  garboard 
strakes. 

Qualche    (L.   qualisque,   or    qualis 

quam)  ;     i.    some ;    Un    -  -    cento    di 

franchi,  some   hundred   francs   or   so ; 

-   volta,  sometimes.     2.  =  Oualunque, 

whatever. 

Qualche duno,  Qualcuno  (Itqualche 
+  uno,the  intruded  d  being  foreuphony); 
somebody. 

Qualcos-a/  (contr.  of  Qualche  cosa); 
something.  Avere  — ,  to  have  some- 
thing the  matter  with  one.  Aff.  -ellina 
dim.  vezz.,  -erella  dim.,  -etta  dim.  vezz., 
-uccia  dim.  spreg.  or  iron. 

Qualcuno  ;  i.q.  Qualcheduno. 

Quale   (L.) ;    i.    what.      2.    which. 

3.  II    (or  f.    la)    — ,    who    (relative). 

4.  after  Tale,  as  ;  or  with  Tale  under- 
stood, such  as.     5.  Tale  e  — ,  precisely 
as  it  is  ;   Me  la  dette  tale  e  — ,  he  told 
me   of   it    exactly  as   it   was ;    Quella 
ragazza  pare  la  sua  sorella :   e  tale  e 
— ,  that  girl  looks  just  like  her  sister: 
there    is    not   an    atom    of   difference. 

6.  Per  la  — ,  first-rate;   £  un  maestro 
per  la  — ,  he   is   a   first-rate   teacher. 

7.  Quale  is  often  used  (but  incorrectly, 
according  to  Rigutini  and  Fanfani)  for 
Come ;    Assisteva    alia    cerimonia    - 
rappresentante  il  Municipio,he  attended 
the  ceremony  as  representative  of  the 
Municipality.     8.  as  distributive,  —  va, 
—  resta,  some  go,  some  stay. 

Qualific-a  =  -azione,     -abile,    -are,     -ativo, 
-at6re,  -azione;  as  E. 
Qualit-a,  -ativo  ;  as  E. 

Qualmente  ;  how,  as. 

Qual6ra  (It.  quale,  ora) ;  i.  when, 
whenever.  2.  in  case  ;  —  egli  scriva, 
in  case  he  should  write. 

Qual-sia,  -siasi,  -sisia  or  -sivbglia  ; 
whatever. 

Qualunque  (L.  qualis,  unquam)  ; 
whatever. 

Qualvolta  ;  if.     Ogni  — ,  whenever. 

Quamquam  (L.) ;  Stare  sul  — ,  to 
assume  an  air  of  importance. 

Quando  (L.,<quam  +  do.  The  same 
elements  occur  in  Russian  ku-da,  where, 
viz.  the  relative  of  extension,  =  Germ. 
wann,  Gothic  hwan,  E.  when  ;  and  do 
=  Gr.  8f  or  rt ,  Germ,  zu,  E.  to,  v.  Skeat, 


472 


QUANDUNQUE— QUATTRINARIA 


sub  When,  To) ;  when.  A  —  a  — , 
or  Di  --  in  — ,  from  time  to  time. 
Quand'  anche,  even  if. 


'8' 


uandunque  ;  i.  whenever,     ii.  whatever. 
uantit-4/.  (L.) ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ativo. 


Quant-0(L.);  I.  how  much,  how  many. 
2.  as  many  as.  As  ad^>. :  3.  as  far,  how 
long.  4.  as.  5.  —  mai,  extraordinarily. 
6.  —  prima,  as  soon  as  possible.  7.  Tanto 
o  — ,  a  little.  8.  A  -i  siamo  del  mese? 
what  day  of  the  month  is  it?  9.  (mar.} 
—  leva !  as  an  order  to  the  steersman, 
hard! 

*Quantoche;  although. 

Quantungue  (L.  quantumcunyue)  ; 
although. 

"Quaquaro  m.  •  =  Qua_cquero,  Quaker. 

Quaquiglia  /".;  radiated  spoon-shell,  Mactra 
stultorum. 

Quaranta  (L.  quadraginla,<qua,dra 
for  quatuor,  -v.  Quattro,  +  -ginia,  ten,  v. 
Venti)  ;  forty.  Libro  del  — ,  pack  of 
cards,  an  Italian  pack  consisting  of 
forty  cards.  II  — ,  the  year  1840  or 
other  date  ending  in  40.  -  ore,  v. 
Quarantore. 

Compounds :  Qtiarantuno,  Quarantadue,  Qua- 
rantotto,  etc.,  Quarantunesimo,  Quarantaduesimo, 
Quarantatreesimo,  etc. 

Quarantine  ;  of  vegetables,  taking 
forty  days  to  grow. 

Quarantena/;  i.  period  of  forty 
days.  2.  quarantine. 

Quarantenante ;  person  in  quaran- 
tine. 

Quarantine  ;  forty  years  old. 

Quarantesimo  ;  fortieth. 
Quarantfa  f. ;  bench  of  magistrates  under  the 
Venetian  and  Florentine  republics. 

*  Quaran tigia  f. ;  =  Guarentigia,  guarantee. 

Quarantina  / ;  i.  set  of  forty. 
2.  quarantine. 

*i.  («rc/.)  forty  days' indulgence,  ii.  =  Quaresima, 
Lent.  iii.  the  Mahomedrxn  Ramadan. 

Quarantore,  Quarant'  ore  /  pi. ; 
(eccl.)  exhibition  of  the  Sacrament  for 
three  successive  days  at  various  times 
each  day. 

Quarantott-are ;  iron,  to  perform 
acts  like  those  of  the  year  '48.  -ata/. ; 
swaggering  like  those  who  talked  but 
did  not  fight  in  '48.  -gsiino  ;  forty- 
eighth,  -ino  m. ;  soldier  of  '48.  -o  ; 
forty-eight,  esp.  the  year  1848.  Dire, 
Mandare  a  carte  -o,  to  dislike,  v.  Carta 
(5).  I  -o,  the  senate  of  the  Florentine 
republic. 

Quaran-zei,  -zette;  sync,  for  Quaranta  sei, 
sette. 

Quare  (Latinism);  Non  sine  — ,  not  without 
cause. 

•Quarentigia./;  i.f.  Quarantigia. 

*  Quarent  ina  f. ;  =  Quaresima. 

Quare"sima  (L.  quadragesima) ;  Lent. 

Quaresimale  ;  Lenten.  As  si.,  book 
of  Lent  sermons. 

Quaresimalista  m.  \  Lent  preacher. 

•Qua-male,  -rnara,  -dernale,  -dernara, 
-ternale,  -ternara,  Cua-rnale,  -rnara,  Car-nale 
or  -nara  ;  (mar,)  i.  strong  rope  of  four  strands, 
ii.  four-fold  purchase  or  tackle,  iii.  =  Velo  di  flocco, 
jib. 

Quarqudnia/;  (L.  quart,  qnoniam)\  institu- 
tion formerly  existing  at  Florence  for  neglected 
children. 

*  Quarra  /  ;  the  fourth  part  of  a  Staio. 


*Q 
Q 


*Quarro  m.  ;  an  old  measure  of  weight  or  length, 
dram  or  span. 

Quarta/!;   i.  quadrant  of  a  circle. 

2.  (mar.)  point  of  a  compass,  one  of 
its  thirty-two  divisions.     3.   in  fencing, 
quart.     4.  (mus.)  interval  of  a  fourth. 

*  i.  quarter,  esp.  quarter  of  an  ell.     ii.  one  of  the 
four  seasons,  quarter,     iii.   Farla  di  —  ,  to  deceive. 
tv.  an  oil  measure,     v.  a  dry  measure,  v.  Mezza  (ii). 

Quartabdno,  Cartabono  (Quarto- 
buono)  m.  ;  carpenter's  square,  in  shape 
of  a  right-angled  isosceles  triangle. 

Quartale  m.  ;  (theat.)  quarter  of  an 
actor's  salary. 

uartalone  m.  ;  jug,  equal  to  four  Boccali. 
uartan-ay^;  (mfd.)  quartan  ague.    AJf.  -accia 

t*gr- 

•Quartanello  m.  ;  stuff  one  part  wool  and  three 
linen. 

•Quartario  tit.  ;  quarter  of  a  barrel. 

Quartar61o  tit.  ;  ~  Caratello,  keg,  of  about  78 
litres. 

*(tnar.)  fourtli  man  at  the  oar  of  a  galley. 

Quartato  ;  i.  sturdy.  2.  (herald.) 
quartered. 

Quartavolo  ni.  ;  ancestor,  lit.  great-grand- 
father's grandfather. 

Quarteggiare  ind.  quarteggio  ;  (hernld^)=\n. 
quartare,  to  quarter. 

auarteria  f.;  (afric.)  four-course  cultivation. 
uarter6ne  m.;  quadroon,  horn  of  white  father 
and  mulatto  mother.    *  i.  quart,     ii.  quarter,  of  the 
moon. 

*  Quarteruola  /.  ;  a  quarter  of  a  bushel. 
*Quarteruplo  m.  ;  i.  counter,  for  play.    ii.  Jig. 

counterfeit,     iii.  =Quartarolo.     iv.  =  Quarteruola. 

Quartetto  in.  ;  i.  (mus.)  quartet.  2.  game  of 
four  players. 

*Quartiatp  ;  noble,  with  heraldic  quarters. 
*Quarticciolo  HI.:  check,  in  a  pattern. 
Quarti-cello,  -cino  ;  dim.  Quarto. 
Ouarticrbma  »*.;  (wws.)  quarter  of  a  quaver. 

*  Quartierato  ;  (mar.)  (ship)  with  blunt  ends. 

Quartiere(Quartiero)  m.;  i.  quarter, 
region.  2.  in  fighting,  quarter.  3.  quar- 
ters, suite  of  rooms  ;  Dar  tavola  e  —  , 
to  provide  board  and  lodging.  4.  - 
generate,  head-quarters.  5.  (herald.) 
quarter.  6.  (mar.)  (a)  —  di  poppa,  or 
prora,  after  or  fore  sails  ;  II  —  di  poppa 
toglie  il  vento  al  —  di  prora,  the  fore- 
sails are  becalmed  by  the  after-sails  ; 
Cambiare  il  —  di  prora,  to  swing  the 
fore-yards  ;  (b)  hatch,  also  termed  Co- 
perchio  di  boccaporto,  covering  of  a 
hatchway;  (c)  Vento  di  —  ,  wind  on 
the  quarter,  also  termed  Vento  per 
1'  anca  ;  (d)  Far  —  ,  to  open  out  the 
angle  between  two  ropes,  spars,  etc.  : 
(e)  Vogare  a  —  ,  to  row  with  one  section 
only  of  the  oars  in  a  galley.  7.  (shoeing 
quarter,  back  part  of  a  shoe.  8.  (vet.) 
part  of  the  hoof.  9.  flap  of  a  saddle. 

Quartier-etto  dim.,  -ino  dint.  vezz.t  of  -e  (3). 
Quartiermastro  m.  ;  (mar.)  quarter-master. 

Quartigliere  m.  ;  soldier  left  in 
quarters  as  a  sentinel. 

*  Quartile  m.  ;  June. 

Quartfna  f.  ;  i.  quatrain,  stanza  of 
four  lines.  2.  pop.  for  Quaderna.  3.  an 
old  measure,  half  of  a  Staio. 

Quartf.no  m.  ;  i.  (mus.)  an  instru- 
ment like  a  small  clarionet.  2.  an  old 
gold  coin  worth  about  five  shillings. 

3.  small   wine-bottle,   a   quarter  of  a 
Fiasco.     4.  a  Milanese  cubic  measure. 

Quartirdlo  til.  ;  a  Lombard  variety  of  cheese. 
*Quartizione/;;  (astr.)  division  of  the  heavens 
into  four. 

Quart-0  (L.)  ;  i.  fourth.  2.  as  si., 
quarter.  3.  (vet.)  i.q.  Quartiere  (8) 


and  (9)  ;  —  falso,  cracked  hoof.  4.  -i 
della  rota,  segments  of  the  rim  of  a 
wheel.  5.  i.q.  Falda,  flap  of  a  coat. 
6.  referring  to  the  length  of  the  day  or 
the  time  of  sunset  ;  Fare  il  — ,  to  draw 
in  or  lengthen  out  by  a  quarter  of  an 
hour.  7.  as  a  measure,  the  quarter  of 
a  Staio.  8.  quarto  book.  9.  Cascar 
nel  — ,  to  be  unduly  slow  ;  Faccia  pure 
il  suo  comodo  ;  tanto  non  casca  nel 
— ,  do  it  at  your  own  convenience,  but 
do  not  lose  more  time  about  it  than 
need  be  ;  the  expression  refers  to  the 
fine  of  twenty-five  per  cent,  extra  paid 
by  a  person  who  was  late  in  paying  a 
tax.  10.  (herald.)  quartering  ;  — franco, 
an  ordinary  occupying  a  square  space 
at  the  dexter  chief  of  the  shield,  rather 
smaller  than  Inquartato  and  larger  than 
Cantone.  ii.  in//.,  speaking  of  a  per- 
son's nobility;  Ha  tutti  i  -i  della  nobilta, 
i.e.  both  parents  and  both  grandmothers 
are  of  noble  family.  12.  (mar.)  watch. 
13.  scherz.  short  silk  hat. 

Quartobudno ;  v.  Quartabono. 
Quartodecimo  ;  =  Quattordicesimo,  fourteenth. 
Quartogenito ;  fourth  son. 
Quartotondo  ;  A  — ,  =  Ad  arco,  arched. 

Quartucc-io  m. ;  \.  the  eighth  of  a 
Fiasco.  2.  the  sixty-fourth  part  of  a 
Staio,  v.  *Mezza  (ii).  Aff.  -ino  dim. 
•vezz. 

Quartultimo  ;  fourth  (syllable)  from 
the  end. 

Quarz-o  ttt.  (German,  orig.  unkti.)\  (geol.) 
quartz.  Aff.  -oso. 

*Quasco  m.;  (wi'/.)=Casco,  cap. 

Quasi  (L.  yuatn,  si) ;  i.  almost. 
2.  — ,  or  -che,  as  if. 

Quasime'nte  ;  pretty  much. 

Quasimodo;  i.  Sunday  after  Easter, 
also  termed  Domenica  in  albis.  2.  the 
character  in  V.  Hugo's  Notre  Dame. 

*  Quassamento  w.;  shattering. 

Quassia  f.;  i.  (bat.)  the  S.  American  tree  of 
this  name,  which  was  given  by  Linnaeus,  from 
Quassi,  a  negro  of  Surinam  who  pointed  out  the  use 
of  the  bark  as  a  tonic  in  1730 ;  Quassi  is  a  common 
negro  name.  2.  Dar  1'  erba  — ,  to  dismiss,  v.  Cassia. 
*Quasso  (L.)  ;  =  Rotto,  Smosso. 

Quas-su,  -suso  ;  up  here. 
Quaterna  ;  v.  Quaderna. 

*  Quaternar-a  ;  v.  Quarnara.     *  -io ;  v.  Quader- 
nario. 

Quatriduano  (Quattriduano) ;  four 
days  old. 

Quatt-o  (bit.  quactus,  <  L.  coactus, 
cp.  Fr.  cocker,  <  coacticare,  freq.  <  co- 
actus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Squat) ;  crouched. 
Se  n'  andava  via  gobbo  e  — ,  he  slunk 
off.  Ove  era  —  stato  a  udire,  where 
he  had  been  crouching  down  listening. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -one  augm. 

Quatt6rdi-ci  (L.) ;  fourteen.  Aff, 
-cenne  fourteen  years  old,  -ce"simo, 
-cisillabo  11.  Martelliano. 


Douai,  the  city  of  its  manufacture. 

Quattricr6ma  in.  •  (mns.)  demi-semiquaver. 
*  Quattriduano  ;  v.  Quatriduano. 
Quattrin-accio  m.  \  pegg.  of -o. 

Quattrinaio  m.  •  miser. 
Quattrinaria  / ;  i.q  Quattrinella. 


QUATTRINATA— QUINDICI 


473 


Quattrinata/ ;  =  Sgridata.  Volerne 
una  —  da  uno,  to  have  a  row  with  him. 
*farthing's  worth. 

Quattrinella  / ;  (bot.)  money- wort, 
v.  Erba  (107,  108). 

Quattrinello  m. ;  dim.  Quattrino. 

Quattrfn-o  m.  •  i.  the  sixtieth  part 
of  a  Tuscan  lira,  so  called  because 
equal  to  four  Denari  or  Piccioli.  2.  the 
fourth  part  of  a  Neapolitan  Grano.  3.  in 
//.,  money,  generally.  4.  Dare  in  un 
— ,  in  shooting,  to  be  able  to  hit  a 
farthing.  5.  Far  ballare  alcuno  sur  un 
— ,  to  keep  him  in  order  by  threats  and 
punishments.  Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

'Quattriolo  nt. ;  =  Quarteruoto. 

Quattro  (L.  quaiuor,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Four)  ;  four.  A  quattr1  pcchi,  tete  a 
tlte.  In  —  e  quattr1  otto,  in  a  moment. 
Esser  —  e  quattr'  otto,  to  be  perfectly 
evident.  Fermarsi  in  — ,  of  a  horse,  to 
stop  short.  Mettersi  in  —  a  una  cosa, 
to  do  it  desperately.  Si  son  messi  in 
—  a  dir  contro  di  lui  coma,  they  began 
to  abuse  him  right  and  left.  Cader  le 
lacrime  a  —  a  — ,  to  cry  copiously. 
Fare  il  diavolo  a  — ,  to  make  the  devil's 
own  row.  Non  dir  —  se  tu  non  1'  hai 
nel  sacco,  do  not  depend  upon  a  thing 
till  you  know  you  have  it. 

Quattroali  m. ;  (smith.)  a  species  of  goal, 
sucker,  Macrodiptetyj:  longipennis ;  the  name  is 
from  the  peculiar  shape  of  the  wings  in  the  cock  bird. 

Quattr'  6cchi  in.;  I.  (ornith.)  golden- 
eye  duck,  Anas  dangula,  also  termed 
Canone,  Domenicano.  2.  spotted  ray 
(fish),  Raja  miraletus.  3.  scherz.  per- 
son with  spectacles.  4.  Parlare  a  — , 
to  speak  in  private. 

t  Quattr'  occi  <«.;  spotted  ray(fish),  v.  Razia  (i). 

Quattrocentista  m. ;  artist  or  writer 
of  the  fifteenth  century. 

Quattrocent-o  ;  four  hundred.  II  — ,  as  si., 
the  fifteenth  century.  Aff.  -esimo. 

QuattrofAglie   in  ;  "heraldic  flower 
simply  of  four  leaves. 

Quattro  tempora  /  pi. ;  (eccl.)  the 
three  days'  fast  prescribed  once  in  each 
of  the  four  seasons. 

"Quazzoldi  ;  =  Qttattro  soldi. 

Que',  QuSgli  or  Qu&  ;  =  Colui,  he. 
Quel  ;  v.  Quello. 

*QueIchesissia;=Quel  che  si  sia,  whatever. 

"Quelley;  //. ;  grimaces. 

*  Quelleria  / ;  =  Grulleria,  Scenaccia. 

Quello,  Quel  (L.  eccu  ilium)  •  that. 
—  di  Siena,  the  Siena  district.  Rimanere 
come  — ,  (a)  to  be  dumbfounded,  (6)  to 
get  nothing  by  one's  action.  Similarly, 
Dire,  Fare  come  —  ;  Feci  come  — , 
presi  il  portante  e  m'  andai,  all  I  could 
do  was  to  come  away  feeling  far  from 
pleased.  In  — ,  at  that  moment.  In 
-  che,  whilst.  —  tanto,  that  quantity. 

tQueloro;  them.    tQuelui ;  him. 

Querce  /;  (bot.)  i.  v.  Quercia. 
2.  bladder- wrack,  v.  Etiope  (2). 

Querce't-a  f.,  -o  tn. ;  grove  of  oaks. 

Quercetina  /;  an  extract  of  the 
Quercitrone. 

Querc6to ;  v.  Querceta. 
H. 


consisting 


Quercia  with  pi.  Querce,  or  Querce 
with  //.  Querci  f.  (L.,  root  kar,  to  be 
hard)  ;  oak.  Prov.  Le  —  fanno  limoni, 
i.e.  we  are  getting  something  where  we 
least  expected  it. 

Varieties:  i.  — ,  — di  Olanda  or  d'  Inghilterra, 
the  common  oak,  Qnercits  pedutKulata.  2.  — afifri- 
cana,  African  oak,  Oldfieldia.  Africans.  3.  — delta 
cocciniglia,  kermes  oak,  Querctts  cocci/era.  4.  — 
delle  Indie  oriental!,  teak  tree,  Tectona  grandis. 
5.  —  gentile,  v.  Eschio.  6.  —  lanata,  downy  oak, 
Quercits  tauzin.  7.  —  lirata,  swamp-post  oak, 
Qiturcus  lyrata.  8.  —  nera  dei  tintori,  dyers'  oak, 
v.  Quercitrone.  9.  —  da  palo,  post  oak,  Qltercus 
virens.  10.  — rovere,  7>.  Rovere.  11.  — di  Spagna 
da  ghianda  dolce,  sweet.fruited  Spanish  oak,  Quercus 
ballota.  12.  —  da  sughero,  cork  oak,  v.  Sughero. 

13.  —  dei  tintori,  dyers'  oak,  Quercus  Lusitanica. 

14.  —  della  vallonea,  v.  Vallonea. 

*i.  La  botte  ha  fatto  — ,  the  cask  is  empty,  lit. 
has  made  an  oak,  viz.  by  being  stood  upright. 
ii.  metoH.  ship. 

Quercino ;  oaken. 

Querci61a/;  i.  dim.  Quercia;  Far 
— ,  (a)  to  stand  on  one's  head,  (b)  of  a 
horse,  to  fall  on  its  knees,  (c)  to  go 
bankrupt.  2.  (dot.)  — ,  or  Erba  — , 
wall-germander,  v.  Erba  (loo).  3.  - 
maggiore,  Teucrium  flavum. 

Querci-61o  m. ;  i.  young  oak,  smaller 
than  -ola.  2.  oak  billet  for  burning. 
Aff.  -oldtto  dim. 

Querci-6ne  m.;  augm.  of -a. 
Quercit-e/;;  an  extractive  of  acorns. 
Quercitrina/^;  yellow  extract  of  Quercitrone. 
Quercitrdne  tn.  \  (bot.)  American  ilex,  Qitercits 
tinctoria,  also  termed  Querce  nera  de'  tintori. 
Querciuola ;  v.  Querciola. 

Querel-a  /  (L.,  <  gueri,  to  com- 
plain) ;  i.  action  at  law.  2.  (poet.) 
complaint.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -at6re,  -at6rio 
actionable. 

Querimbnia/  (L.) ;  complaint. 
Querulo  ;  querulous,  mournful. 

Quesal  m. ;  (ortiith.)  Mexican  tree-creeper,  Ca- 
luni  resplendens. 

Quesfto  m.  (L.)  ;  problem,  query. 
Que"sti ;  he. 

Question-abile  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -are. 

Questiondrio  m. ;  string  of  questions. 

Question-at6re  «.,  -at6ra  or  -atrice  f.  ; 
person  who  raises  questions,  -cella  or  -cina_/; 
dim.  of  -e. 

Questione.  Quistfoney!  (L.,<qttafst  stem  of 
tfuaero,  to  seek)  ;  i.  question.  2.  action  at  law. 

Que'sto  (L.  eccu  istuin) ;  this.     Per 

-  e  per  quest'  altro  inverno,  for  this 
and  for  next  winter.     A  quest'  altra,  it 
only  just  missed.     A  quest'  altra  casco, 
I  was  all  but  caught  over  it.     Con  — , 
(a)  herewith,  (b)  in  spite  of  this.     Con 

—  che,  on  condition  that.     In  — ,=  In 

-  mentre,  or  In  —  mezzo,  (a)  here,  at 
this  juncture,  (b)  in  the  meantime. 

Questdre  m. ;  i.  quaestor  in  ancient 
Rome.    2.  commissary  of  police.    3.  - 
della  Camera,  manager  of  the  funds  for 
maintenance  of  the  Chamber. 

Quest&rio  ;  i.  (games)  given  by  the 
Quaestors.  2.  (citizen)  who  had  held 
the  office  of  Quaestor.  3.  as  sb.,  tent 
of  the  Quaestor  in  a  Roman  camp. 

Questu-a  /  ;  quest  for  alms.  Aff. 
-are,  -uoso  seeking  profit. 

Questura/;  i.  q^uaestorship.  2. 
police-station.  3.  police,  as  a  corps 
or  institution. 


Questurf.no  m. ;  police-agent. 
Quetanzato  ;=Quietanzato. 

Quetare  ind.  queto,  or  Quietare  ind. 
quieto  ;  to  quiet,  or  intr.,  to  be  quiet. 

Queto ;  variant  of  Quieto,  calm. 
*as  so.,  receipt. 

Quettino  m.;  pop.  for  Quattrino. 

Qui  (L.  eccu  hie,  cp.  Ci,  <  ecce  hie) ; 
here.  Di  — ,  hence.  Di  —  a  pochi 
giorni,  in  a  few  days.  Di  or  Da  —  a 
11,  i.e.  a  very  short  distance. 

Quia  ;  Latin  for  "  because."  Stare, 
Tornare  al  — ,  to  be,  or  become  reason- 
able. Venire  al  — ,  to  come  to  the 
point.  State  content!,  umana  gente,  al 
— ,  rest  content,  O  Man  !  without  ask- 
ing the  reason  for  things,  D.  Purg.  3.  37, 
a  line  which  has  become  proverbial. 

Quibus ;  Latin  word.  Cum  — , 
scherz.  for  money. 

*Quicentro;  v.  Quincentro. 
•Quici,  *Quiciritta  ;  =  Quiritta,  here. 
Quiddit-a  /.  (mlt.)  ;  essence.     Aff.  -ativo. 

Quidernat6r-e>*.,-a/;  book-folder. 
Quiderno  in. ;  pop.  for  Quinterno. 

Quiescente,  Quietamente  ;  as  E. 

Quietanza,  Quitanza  /;  acquit- 
tance, receipt. 

Quietanzare  ;  to  give  a  receipt  for. 

Quietare  ;  v.  Quetare. 
Quiete  f.  (L.)  ;  quiet. 

Quietino ;  i.  dim.  Quieto.  2.  as 
sb.,  hypocrite. 

Quietis-mo,  -ta ;  v.  Molinista. 

Qutet-o  (L.) ;  quiet.     Aff.  -one,  -dna  augm. 

Quflio  (Quilico)  m.  (etym.  uttkn.)  ; 
falsetto. 

'Quinale  fit.',  (mar.)  stay  for  a  mast. 

*  Quinamonte  ;  far  away  in  the  mountains. 

Quinario  ;  i.  quinary,  counting  by 
fives.  2.  as  sb.,  set  of  five.  3.  verse 
of  five  syllables.  *half  of  a  Roman 
denarius. 

*Quinavalle  ;  far  down  in  the  valleys. 

Quinc^ntro,  Quice'ntro ;  here  within. 

Quinci  (L.  eccu  hinc);=O\  qui, 
hence.  Parlare  in  —  e  quindi,  to  talk 
affectedly,  pedantically. 

*i.  here.  ii.  hereby.  iii.  thereupon,  next, 
iv.  Da  —  addietro,  for  all  past  time.  v.  Or  quindi 
or  — ,  now  on  that  side,  now  on  this. 

*Quincioltre ;  round  about  here. 

•Quinciritta  ;  exactly  here. 

*Quinconce  f.  (L.);  quincunx,  a  set  of  five 
points  forming  the  corners  and  centre  of  a  square. 

*Quindavalle;  i.q.  Quinavalle. 

Quindecimo  ;  =  Ouindicesimo.  As 
sb.,  fifteenth  part. 

Quindena  /  (L.) ;  (eccl.)  term  of 
fifteen  days. 

*Quindennio  in.  (L.);  term  of  fifteen  years. 

Quindi  (L.  eccu,  inde)  ;  i.  here. 
2.  Quind'  innanzi,  from  this  time  for- 
ward. 3.  therefore. 

*i.  hence,     ii.  thence,     iii.  thereafter. 

Quindicennale  ;  recurring  every 
fifteen  years. 

Quindicenne  ;  fifteen  years  old. 
Qufndic-i  (L.) ;  fifteen.    Aff.  -esimo. 
60 


474 


QUINDICINA— RABBRUSCOLARE 


Quindicin-a  /;  i.  fortnight,  /*'/. 
fifteen  days.  2.  fortnight's  pay.  Aff. 
-ale. 

^uindicioldi  /;/.;  —  Quindici  soldi, 
^uindoltre ;  v.  Quinoltre. 
^uinc  ;  lengthened  form  of  Qui. 
5uingentesimo  ;  =  Cinquecentesimo. 
Quinoltre,  Quindoltre  ;  in  or  from  this  neigh- 
bourhood. 

Quinquagenario  ;  fifty  years  old. 
Quinquagesima    f.  \    (eccl.)    Quinquagesima 
Sunday.     *  =Pentecoste,  Whitsuntide. 
Quinquagesimo ;  fiftieth. 
Quinquegenario  m, ;  captain  of  fifty. 
Quinquelustre  ;  recurring  at  or  lasting  twenty- 
five  years. 

Quinquennale ;  recurring  at  or  lasting  five 
years. 

Quinquenn-e  ;  five  years  old.     -io  ;  as  E. 
Quinquereme  ;  with  five  tiers  of  oars. 
Quinquerzio    ;«.    (L.,  <quinque,    ars);     i.q. 
Pentatlo. 

auinqueviri  <«.  //.;  board  of  Five, 
uinquezoni   in.  ft. ;    the   five   zones   of  the 
globe. 

Quint-a/. ;  i.  (mus.)  fifth.  2.  Far 
-  per  discendere,  to  go  from  a  better 
to  a  worse  condition.  3.  in  //.,  (theat.} 
flies  :  these  were  formerly  a  set  of  five 
revolving  screens,  differently  painted  ; 
1  Metro  le  -e,  fig.  behind  the  scenes. 
4.  quint  in  fencing,  or  at  cards. 

Quintadecima/ ;  Esserin  — ,  (a)  of 
the  moon,  to  be  full ;  *(b)Jig.  to  be  at  the 
height  of  prosperity. 

Quinta  essenza  ;  v.  Quintesseuza. 

Quintals  m.  (Span.  guintat,<A.rab. 
quintar,  which  is  <  L.  centenarius]  ; 
i.  hundredweight.  2.  in  the  metric 
system  now  in  use,  a  hundred  kilo- 
grammes. 

Quintana  /  (bit.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Quintain) ;  i.  tilting-post  with  revolving 
arms,  or  the  sport  of  tilting  at  it ;  the 
rider  who  failed  to  hit  the  right  spot 


would  be  hit  by  the  apparatus.    2.  quin- 
tan ague,  recurring  every  fourth  day. 

•Quintano  nt. ;  captain  of  a  squad  of  five. 

Ouintavolo  vi.  ;  great-grandfather's  great- 
grandfather. 

Qui  niello  HI.;  (hist.)  Venetian  tax  of  five  per 
cent,  on  inherited  property. 

•Quintenario,  Quinternario  »/.;  =  Quinario. 
Quinteriay?:  five-course  system  of  agriculture. 

Quintfcrn-0  m. ;  i.  quire.  2.  copy- 
book ;  strictly,  one  made  from  folding 
five  sheets  of  paper.  Ajf.  -accio  pegg., 
-e^to  -mo  dims. 

Quintessenza/?;  as  E.  Cercare,  Sapere  la  — 
d1  una  cosa,  to  seek,  or  know  all  that  can  be  known 
of  it. 

Elym.  I,,  quinta  essmiia,  orig.  applied  to 
ether,  supposed  to  be  purer  than  fire,  the  highest  of 
the  four  ancient  elements. 

Quintette  m. ;  (inns.)  as  E. 

Quint idi  tn.',  the  fifth  day  of  the  month  in  the 
French  Republican  calendar. 

Quinttle  m.;  (Rom.  hist.)  July,  'fifth  part  of 
the  zodiac. 

*  Quintilio  m. ;  a  form  of  Tressetti  for  five  players. 

Quintina  /.;  i.q.  Cinquina,  winning  on  five 
numbers. 

Quintino  m. ;  i.  Esser  peggio  di 
San  —  che  sonava  a  messa  coi  tegoli, 
to  be  worse  off  than  St  Quintin,  who 
was  reduced  to  ringing  for  mass  with 
tiles.  2.  the  fifth  part  of  a  liquid 
measure. 

Quint-o  (L.);  i.  fifth.  2.  as  sb.t  fifth  part. 
1.  (mar.)  (a)=Corba,  frame  ;  (b)  in  //.,  -i  deviati, 
=  Menali,  cant  timbers,  five  principal  frames  fixed  at 
regular  intervals  along  the  keel  in  the  first  place  and 
determining  the  curve  of  the  hull. 

Quintodecim-o  ;  Essere  in  -a,  of  the  moon,  to 
be  full. 

Quint-ogenito;  fifth  in  a  family,  -ultimo; 
last  but  five,  -uplicare  ind.  quintuplico ;  to  mul- 
liplybyfive.  -uplice  ;  five-fold.  Quintuple;  as  E. 

Quirinale ;  i.  of  Quirinus,  the  other  name  of 
Romulus.  2.  as  sb.,  tne  royal  palace  at  Rome, 
formerly  the  Papal  palace.  3.  the  royal  court,  as 
opposed  to  the  Papal  court, 

8uirino  HI.  ;  another  name  for  Romulus. 
uiriti  m.  pi. ;  the  ancient  Romans  ;  the  term 
was  adopted  from  the  Sabine  town  of  Cures. 


*  Quiritta,  *  Quiciritta,  *  Quinciritta  or  *  Qui- 
ritto  ;  precisely  here. 

Quisfto  m. ;  pop.  for  Quesito,  problem. 

Quiscruilia/  ;  mote,  D.  Par.  26.  76  ; 
iv  only  in//.,  trifles,  scraps,  small  fry. 


^e—""a 

now  only 


Eiytn.  i,.,<^**soui/-sffttif.iat,  a  reduplication 
of  a  root  seen  also  in  Gr.  trKvAAw,  to  mangle,  oxvAoy, 
arms  stripped  from  a  foe.  Parallel  to  qitisqniliae  is 
KQ-(TKv\-iJ.dTia,  shreds  of  leather. 

Quissimile  m. ;  something  of  the 
same  sort. 

Quistibne ;  z:  Questione. 

Quitanza  ;  v.  Quietanza. 

Quivi  (It.  qui,  ivi) ;  there,  but  often 
used  to  mean  here.  "then. 

*Quiviritta;  exactly  there. 

*  Quocere ;  =  Cuocere,  to  cook. 
"Quocolo  w.;  =  Cogolo,  pebble. 
*Quoglio,  *Quoio  m.;  —  Cuoio,  leather. 

Quondam  ;  L.  word,  used  in  sense  of  late, 
deceased. 

'Quonia^/;  i.  =Conia,  joke.    ii.  =Screzio,  Dis- 
sidio. 

*  Quora  f. ;  =  Aggallato,  floating-island. 
*Quore  in.  ;  =  Cuore,  heart. 

Qudta/  (L.  quota,  sc.  pars);  i.  as  E.  2.  (arch.) 
—  di  un  disegno,  figured  dimension, 

Quotare  ind.  quote  ;  i .  to  assess. 
2.  to  quote,  on  the  Stock  Exchange. 
3  —  un  disegno,  to  mark  down  on  a 
plan  the  various  dimensions  of  the 
parts. 

Quotidianam^nte  ;  every  day. 

Quotidiano,  Cotidiano  (Cutidiano) 
(L.);  daily. 

Quotita  / ;  assessability. 

Quotitativo  ;  belonging  to  one  and  the  same 
quota. 

Qubto  in.  ;  =  Quoziente. 

Quousque  tandem ;  the  opening  of  Cicero's 
philippic  against  Catiline.  Intonare  il  quousque 
(attdtnt,  to  break  out  into  a  denunciation. 

Quoziente  /«.  (L.  quoties);  (aritk.)  quotient. 


R 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


R,  pronounced  Erre,  m.  or  f. ; 
Mancar  1'  erre,  to  go  out  of  one's  mind. 
Perder  1'  erre,  (a)  to  go  out  of  one's 
mind,  (b)  to  get  drunk.  Mangiare,  per 
due  erre,  or  erri,=A  bizzeffe,  abundantly. 

Abbreviations  :  Roma,  Repubblica, 
Re,  Regno,  Reale,  Reverendo,  Radice, 
Recipe.  R.A.,  Regia  Accademia,  Regia 
Artiglieria.  S.R.C.,  Sacra  Real  Corona, 
or  Sacra  Romana  Congregazione. 
N.D.R.,  Nota  della  redazione,  editor's 
note.  Rtr.,  Retico-romanzo,  v.  Grigione. 
In  ancient  inscriptions,  as  a  number, 
R  was  80,  or  with  a  bar  over  it,  80,000. 

tRabacchio  m. ;  impish  boy,  v.  Rapacchio. 

Rabarbaro  (Rabarbero,  Reobarbaro, 
Reubarbaro,  Ribarbero,  Riobarbaro)  m. 
(L.  rhabarbarum,<Gr.  prjov  fidpfiapov, 
lit.  Rheum,  from  the  barbarian  country  ; 
/5fjor  is  an  adjectival  form,  from  Rha, 
the  ancient  name  of  the  river  Volga, 
root  rei,  to  flow,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rhubarb) ; 
(bot.}  i.  rhubarb,  the  medicinal  plant,  of 
which  there  are  several  species.  2.  - 
acido,  tart  or  garden  rhubarb,  Rheiini 
ribes.  3.  common  rhubarb,  Rheum 


rhaponticitm,  of  which  the  culinary 
plant  is  a  variety.  4.  —  de'  frati,  a 
species  of  dock,  Rumex  alpinus. 

Rabattfno  adj.  or  sb. ;  toiler,  v. 
Arrabattarsi. 

Rabazzay/,  (mar.)  heel  of  a  top-mast. 

Rabhallinare  ;  =  Abballinare,  to 
pack  in. 

*  Rabbaruffare  ;-Abbaruffare,  to  hustle. 

Rabbassare ;  =  Riabbassare. 

Rabbattere  ;  to  leave  ajar.  *=Ri- 
abbattere. 

Rabbatufolare  ;  intern.  Abbatufo- 
lare,  to  make  up  into  a  pad. 

Rabbellire ;  in/ens.  Abbellire,  to 
embellish. 

Rabberci-are  (corr.  of  Ravversare) ; 
to  botch  up.  Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atura. 

Rabbi  m. ;  as  E.,  v.  Rabbino. 

Rabbi-a  f.  (L.  rabies,  cp.  Sanskr. 
rabhas,  impetus,  rabhate,  to  shake  vio- 
lently);  i.  rage.  2.  rabies.  *Non  c' e 
rimasto  di  — ,  nothing  has  remained. 
Aff.  -e'tta  dim.,  -ettfna  sub-dim. 


Rabbin-o  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Hebrew  rail, 
teacher) ;  teacher  of  the  Hebrew  law.  Aff.  -ico, 
-ismo. 

*  Rabbi ol i na  / ;  =  Rabbietta. 
Rabbios-accio  pegg.   of  -o,    -aminte  adv., 

-ello  or  -etto  dims.,  -o  furious,  -uccio  dim.;  v. 
Rabbia. 

Rabbi-uccia,  -uzza  ;  dims,  of -a. 

Rabbocc-are  ind.  rabbocco  -hi ;  i.  to 
fill  to  the  brim.  2.  to  refill.  3.  to  grout, 
to  point  (a  wall).  Aff.  -atura. 

Rabbonacciare  ;  to  make,  or  become 

calm. 

*  Rabbondare  ;  -  Abbondare,  to  abound. 

Rabbon-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  pacify. 

Rabbottonare  ;  =  Riabbottonare,  to 
button  again. 

*  Rabbracciare  ;=  Riabbracciare. 

*  Rabbrenciare  ;=  Rabberciare,  to  botch  up. 
t  Rabbrezz-are,  -olare  ;  to  save  up. 

Rabbriccicare  ind.  rabbn'ccico  ;  to 
patch  up. 

Rabbrivid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  shudder. 

Rabbrusc-are  ;  to  cloud  over.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Rabbruscolare ;  to  save  up,  ///. 
collect  chips. 


RABBRUZZARE— RACHITICO 


475 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see 


*  Rabbruzz-are,  -olare  ;  =  Rabbruscare. 

Rabbuff-are  (A)  (metathesis  of  Ba- 
ruffare)  ;  i.  to  throw  into  disorder. 
2.  part,  -ato,  with  hair  standing  on 
end  ;  Con  -ati  dossi,  with  bristling 
backs.  *to  reprimand. 

(B)  (It.  buffare,  with  prefix  re-)  ; 
-arsi,  of  the  weather,  to  cloud  over. 
*to  fight. 

Rabbuffo  m.  ;  strong  reprimand. 

*  Rabbugi'are  ;  to  tell  fresh  lies. 

Rabbui-are,  -arsi  ;  to  grow  dark. 

Rabdomanzia  f.  (Gr.)  ;  finding  water,  etc., 
with  a  divining-rod. 

Rabesc-ame  m.  ;  arabesques,  -are  ; 
to  adorn  with  arabesques,  -atura  f.  ; 
vbsb.  -0  m.  ;  arabesque. 

Rabicanato  ;  v.  Rabicano. 

Rabicano  (fogii.  Fr.  rttbican,  Span,  rabicano. 
preb.  <  Span,  rabo,  tail,  cano,  white)  ;  of  a  black  or 
bay  horse,  showing  white  hair  here  and  there,  esp, 
about  the  hind-quarters.  According  to  Florio,  horse 
with  a  white  tail  or  rump. 

/^;  furious  rage. 


Rabino  ;  hot-tempered. 

Rabottlno  m.  (<  Fr.  rabot,  plane, 
of  unknown  origin,  perhaps  <  re-  +  ait 
+  bott-,  the  stem  of  Botta,  stroke);  a 
kind  of  plane  used  for  hard  wood. 

Rabula  in.  or  /  (L.,  cp.  ravus, 
hoarse,  <  an  imit.  root  re,  cp.  E.  roar)  ; 
pettifogging  attorney. 

t  Racanella  y^;  =  Raganella,  tree-frog. 

T  Racano  m.;  =  Ramarro,  green  lizard. 

tRaccay.  (either  Germanic,  cp.  Scand.  rakfei, 
dog,  A.S.  racuin,  to  run,  v.  Skeat,  sttb  Rake,  no.  2, 
or  else  cogn.  to  Fr.  ractiitte,  <  L.  **  rasicare,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Rascal)  ;  dregs  of  the  population. 

*  Raccamare  ;=  Ricamare,  to  embroider. 
tRaccame  nt.  ;  =  Pacciame,  litter." 

*  Raccantucciato;=Rincantucciato,  in  a  corner. 

Raccapezz-are  ind.  raccapdzzo  (L. 
re-,  ad,  capitium,  head  of  a  skein,  dim. 
of  caput,  head)  ;  I.  to  collect  with  some 
care  and  trouble.  2.  to  find  out.  3.  — 
la  giornata,  to  manage  to  earn  a  living. 
4.  -arsi,  to  see  one's  way,  to  understand 
a  subject.  *  =  Accomodare. 

Raccapigliarsi  ;  =  Riaccapigliarsi. 

*  Raccapitolare  ;=  Ricapitolare. 

*  Raccappellare  ;  i.  -  Riaccappellare.    ii.  =  Rin- 
cappellare. 

Raccapricci-are  ;  to  shudder.  Aff. 
-o,  -amdnto. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  bit.  **  re-ad-capritiare,  where 
the  vb.  was  dim.  of  L.  caperare,  to  wrinkle  up. 

Raccartocciare  ;  i.q.  Accartocciare, 
to  curl  up,  v.  Cartoccio. 

Raccattace'nere  m.  indecl.  ;  ash-pan 
(tobacco). 

Raccattacdncio  m.  indecl.;  collector 
of  manure. 

Raccattafieno  in.  indecl.  ;  horse- 
rake. 

Raccatt-are  (L.  re,  ad,  cap  tare)  ; 
i.  to  take  or  pick  up.  2.  to  collect, 
e.g.  cigar  stumps.  3.  =  Kipigliare,  to 
pick  up  (a  dropped  stitch).  4.  =  Riscat- 
tare,  to  redeem.  5.  Persona  da  -arsi 
col  cucchiaio,  i.e.  very  weakly. 

Aff.  -aticcio  gleanings,  -alore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
•atura. 


t  Racceffare  \—  Rinfacciare,  to  fling  in  a  person's 
face. 

Raccenci-are  ind.  raccdncio;  i.  to 
mend,  to  patch  up.  2.  -arsi,  fig.  to 
improve  one's  position. 

Raccendere  ;  to  rekindle,  v.  Accen- 
dere. 

*  Raccennare  ;=  Riaccennare. 

*  Raccentrare  ;  to  concentrate  strongly. 

Raccerchiare  ind.  raccerchio  ;  i.  to 
surround  afresh.  2.  to  re-hoop. 

Raccertare  ind.  raccerto  ;  to  make 
quite  certain. 

Raccett-are  ind.  raccetto ;  to  har- 
bour, to  entertain.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o. 

Racchet-are  ind.  racche'to  ;  to  quiet, 
-arsi,  to  leave  off  crying. 

Raccb.e'tt-a/  (Span,  raquela,  battle- 
dore^ Arabic  rahat,  palm  of  the  hand  ; 
hence  the  game  of  fives,  which  preceded 
tennis) ;  racquet,  -iere  m.  •  racquet- 
maker. 

*  Racchiappare  ;  =  Riacchiappare,  to  re-seize. 

t  Racchio  ;«.  (**  raculutii,  dim.  of  a  form  similar 
to  Gr.  paf ,  v.  Racemo) ;  little  bunch  of  small  grapes 
formed  after  the  proper  time. 

Racchiocciolarsi  ind.  mi  racchioc- 
ciolo  ;  to  curl  up  like  a  snail. 

Racchiudere ;  to  contain.  *to 
hinder. 

Racciabattare  ;  to  cobble,  patch  up. 

tRacciaffo  /«.;  slap  in  the  face. 
*Racciarpare  ;  =  Acciarpare,  to  abuse,  to  spoil. 

Raccoccare ;  repel,  or  intens.  Ac- 
coccare. 

*  Raccogliconcio  m.  indecl. ;  =  Raccattaconcio. 

Racc6gli-ere,  Raccbrre,  for  conjug. 
v.  Cogliere ;  i.  to  collect,  to  gather. 
2.  to  pick  up.  3.  —  il  freno,  to  draw 
the  bridle.  4.  of  a  midwife,  to  receive 
(the  baby),  -ersi  :  5.  to  recover  one- 
self. 6.  in  fencing,  to  stand  on  the 
defensive.  Part.  Raccolto :  7.  compact. 

8.  concentrated  in  prayer  or  thought. 

9.  (gram.)  close  (diphthong). 

Raccoglimento  m.  •  absorption. 
Pregare  con  — ,  to  concentrate  oneself 
in  prayer.  Ascoltato  col  massimo  — , 
listened  to  with  the  most  intense  atten- 
tion. Dopo  un  breve  — ,  after  a  moment 
spent  in  concentrating  his  thoughts. 

.     Raccogliticcio  m. ;   haphazard  col- 
lection.    Also  as  adj. 

Raccogli-t6re  m.,  -t6ra,  -trice  / ; 
collector,  t -trice,  midwife. 

Raccblt-a/;  i.  collection.  2.  har- 
vest. 3.  harvest-time.  4.  (mil.)  Sonare 
a — ,  to  sound  the  retreat.  5.  Mangiare 
le  -e  in  erba,  lit.  to  eat  the  harvest 
while  it  is  in  the  grass,  i.e.  to  anticipate 
one's  earnings.  6.  Macinare  a  — ,  to 
run  a  water-mill  intermittently,  waiting 
for  the  dam  to  refill.  7.  Prime  -e,  winter 
crops,  those  sown  in  autumn  ;  Seconde 
-e,  catch  crops,  those  grown  after  har- 
vesting a  grain  crop. 

Raccoltame"nte  ;  v.  Raccogliere  (8). 
Raccoltina  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  Raccolta. 


the  simple  word. 

Raccoltfno ;    dim.   vezz.   Raccolto. 

1.  quiet  (child),  undemonstrative.    2.  of 
a  horse,  with  easy  action.     3.  compact 
(apartment). 

Raccblto  ;  part.  Raccogliere. 
Raccolt-uccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucciaccia  dim. 
spreg.  ptgg.,  of  -a. 

Raccomand-are  (L.  rc-ad-con-man- 
dare,  <  manu  dare) ;  i.  to  recommend. 

2.  to  fasten  up.    3.  to  register  (a  letter). 
4.   Mi  raccomando,  allow  me,  in  a  de- 
precatory sense,  e.g.  on  the  part  of  a 
surgeon   proposing    to   begin   a   slight 
operation.     Aff.  -abile. 

Raccomandatario  m. ;  i.  person  to 
whom  one  is  recommended.  2.  (mar.) 
ship's  agent. 

Raccomand-at6re,  -atora,  -atrice,  -azion- 
cella  dim.,  -azi6ne;  v.  -are. 

*  Raccommiare  ;  =  Accomiatare,  to  dismiss. 

Raccomod-are  ind.  racc6modo ;  to 
mend,  put  in  order. 

Aft.  -amento,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura. 
Raccompagnare  ;  i.q.  Riaccompagnare. 

Raccomunare ;  tobringinto common 
again. 

Racconci-are  ind.  racconcio ;  to 
mend.  *  =  Rimpaciare,  to  pacify,  re- 
concile. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Raccon-fermare,  -fortare,  -oscere,  -seg- 
nare,  -sigliare,  -solare;— Ricon-fermare,  -fortare, 
etc. 

Raccont-are  ind.  racconto  ;  to  tell, 
relate. 

AJf.  -abile,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -mo  dim.  1'tzz. 
of  -o,  -o  story,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Raccoppiare  ind.  raccoppio  ;  to  re- 
unite. 

Raccorc-iare  or  -ire  ind.  racc6rcio  ; 
to  shorten.  Aff.  -iame'nto. 

Raccord-are  and  deriv. ;  =  Ricord-. 

Raccbrre  ;  v.  Raccogliere. 

Raccosciarsi  ind.  mi  raccoscio ;  to 
sit  (with  the  thighs,  as  on  a  horse). 

Raccostare ;  i.q.  Riaccostare,  to 
bring  near. 

Raccozz-are  ind.  raccozzo  ;  i.  to 
bring  together,  -arsi  :  2.  to  resemble 
each  other.  3.  to  be  reconciled.  4.= 
Incontrarsi,  to  meet.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-atamdnte. 

*  Raccozz-one  adv.  ;  =  -atamente. 

*  Raccrescere ;  =  Ricrescere. 

*  Raccrespare  :  =  Increspare,  to  curl  up. 

*  Racculare  ;  =  Rinculare,  to  draw  back. 

*  Raccumunare;  — Raccomunare. 
*Race/:;=Ragia,  resin. 

Racem-0  m.  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  p<i£,  grape- 
cluster);  (hot.)  i.  raceme.  2.  bunch  of 
grapes,  usu.  Racimolo.  Aff.  -olo,  v. 
Racimolo. 

Rachide  /.  (Gr.  pdxis,  vertebral 
column,  lit.  broken  ridge,  from  the 
irregularities  formed  by  the  spines  of 
the  vertebrae  ;  akin  to  pfiyw/u,  to 
break)  ;  i.  (anat.)  vertebral  column. 
2.  (hot.)  axis  of  an  ear  of  corn. 

Rachjdin-e  f.\  pop.  for  Rachitide.     Aff.  -oso. 
t  Rachio  ;«.;  =  Raspo,  grape-stalk. 

Rachiti-co;  rickety,  -de/;  (tned.) 
rickets. 

Etym.  Rickets  is  "a  provincial  E.  word  first 
noticed  about  A.D.  1620;  whence  the  medical  term 

60 2 


4/6 


RACIMOLARE— RAFFINARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


rachitis  was  coined  about  1650,  with  allusion  to  Gr. 
pivit  the  spine  ;  cp.  provincial  E.  rickety,  i.e.  tottery, 
weak,  unstable.  Formed  from  Middle  E.  wnkken, 
to  twist,  wrest,  still  in  use  in  the  phrase  '  to  wrick 
one's  ankle.'  Allied  to  Wring  and  Wry  "  (Skeat). 
The  Italian  term  is  of  course  from  the  medical  Latin. 

Racimol-are  ind.  racimolo,  or  Sgra- 
cimolare,  and/0/.  Gracimolare  ;  i.  to 
glean  in  the  vineyards,  pick  the  grapes 
that  have  been  left  by  the  harvesters. 
2.  hence,  to  glean  in  fig.  sense,  nsu. 
Raggranellare.  Aff.  -atura. 

Racimol-o,  Racemolo,  or  Oraci- 
molo  HI.  (dim.  Racemo)  ;  small  bunch 
of  grapes.  Aff.  -e"tto,  -fno  dims. 

*  Racimoluto  ;  arranged  in  clusters. 

Racquattarsi ;  intens.  of  Acquat- 
tarsi,  to  cower. 

Racquetare  ind.  racque'to,  or  Rac- 
quietare  ind.  racquieto  ;  =  Racchetare. 

Racquist-are ;  to  regain.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -at6re,  -o  i.q.  -ame'nto. 

Rada  f.  ( Fr.  rade,  <  early  E.  rad, 
now  road,  //'/.  that  which  is  prepared, 
root  reidh  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ready,  Ride) ; 
(mar.)  roadstead,  place  where  ships  ride 
at  anchor.  Campagna  di  — ,  iron,  of  a 
vessel  which  is  anchored  permanently, 
roadstead  cruise. 

tRadaia/I;=Radura,  glade. 

Radamente;  v.  Rado. 

Radancia  f.;  (mar.)  thimble,  an  iron  ring 
grooved  round  its  outside  in  which  a  cringle  of  a  sail 
or  a  rope  is  laid. 

Radanciare  ;  to  provide  a  loop  of  cord  with  a 
thimble. 

Radatura/:;  bare  place,  v.  Rado. 

Radazz-a  f.  (It.  radere) ;  (mar.)  mop,  swab 
for  drying  the  deck.  Aff.  -are  vt. 

t  Raddarsi ;  =  Raccapezzarsi,  to  collect  oneself. 

Raddens-are  ind.  radddnso  ;  to  con- 
dense further  or  inlr.  to  become  thicker. 
Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto,  -at6re. 

Raddirizz-are ;  i.  to  put  straight 
again  ;  —  le  gambe  ai  cani,  lit.  to 
straighten  dogs'  legs,  prov.  for  an  im- 
possible task.  2.  to  emend  (a  corrupt 
text).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-atura. 

Raddobb-are  ind.  raddobbo  ;  (mar.) 
to  refit,  repair.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Raddolc-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  soften. 
Aff.  -imento. 

t  Raddolicare  ;  to  ease. 
*  Radd-omandare  ;  =  Rid-. 
Raddomanzia ;  :-.  Rabdomanzia. 

Raddoppi-are  ind.  radd6ppio  ;  i.  to 
double.  2.  —  il  passo,  to  hasten  one's 
steps.  3.  part,  -ato,  doubled  up,  e.g. 
as  leaves  in  the  bud.  4.  (mil.)  (Passo) 
-ato,  at  the  double. 

Raddoppiat-ay.,  -ow.;  i.q.  Raddoppio  (3). 
Raddoppiatura/J;  (aunt.)  reflection. 

Radddppiow. ;  i.  doubling.  2.  double 
(at  billiards).  3.  of  horses,  alternate 
movement  first  of  both  fore-feet,  then 
of  both  hind-feet,  Fr.  terrc  d.  terre. 

Raddormentare  ind.  raddorme'nto ; 
to  put  to  sleep  again. 

Raddossare  ind.  raddosso ;  to  put 
on  the  back  again. 

Raddotto  m.  (var.  of  Ridotto)  ; 
place  of  evil  resort. 


Raddrizzare  ;  contr.  of  Raddirizzare, 
to  straighten. 

*  Raddurare  ;  to  be  obstinate. 

*  Raddurre  ;    i.  =  Ridurre,    to    reduce,      ii.    to 
collect. 

Radenza  /.  ;  (firtill.)  flatness  (of  trajectory). 

Radere  pcrf.  ra&\,part.  raso  (L.,  var. 
of  rodere,  to  gnaw,  cp.  Sanskr.  radati, 
it  splits,  gnaws,  radana,  tooth,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Rase)  ;  i.  to  shave.  2.  to  erase 
with  a  penknife.  3.  to  raze.  4.  to 
graze.  5.  to  trim  with  the  Rasiera, 
q.v.  (i).  6.  of  artillery  fire,  to  rake. 
7.  Part,  raso,  v.  infra  in  loco.  *to 
remove,  D.  Inf.  33.  127. 

Rade'ttO  ;  dim.  Rado,  rather  thin. 

Radezza  /;  thinness,  sparseness. 
Gli  alberi  son  posti  a  una  —  di  quattro 
metri  1'  uno  dall'  altro,  the  trees  are 
planted  thinly  four  metres  apart. 

Radi-ale,  -ante  ;  as  E. 

Radi-are  (bit.,  <  L.  radius,  rod)  ; 
i.  to  erase  a  name  from  a  list.  2.  to 
cancel  a  mortgage.  Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Radica  f.  ;  var.  of  Rad  ice,  root,  esp. 
of  a  medicinal  plant,  or  of  a  tooth. 

Radical-e  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -eggiare  ind.  radica- 
leggio,  -mente. 

Radic-are  ind.  radico-hi;  to  strike  root.  Aff. 
-ame"mo,  -azione. 

Radicatura  f.\  (vet.)  incision  in  the  breast 
of  an  animal  for  the  insertion  of  a  piece  of  hellebore 
root,  as  a  counter-irritant. 

Radicchia  /.  •  =  Radicchio  (i). 

Radicchiella  /.;  (hot.)  i.  =Pelosetta,  hawk- 
weed.  2.  dandelion  or  other  herb  used  for  salad. 

Radicchino  /«.;  i.  =  Radicchio  giovine.  2.  in 
//.,  a  kind  of  paste  for  soup. 

Radicchio  m.  (L.  radicula,  dim.  of 
radix)  ;  (hot.)  i.  dandelion,  v.  Dente 
(5,  c).  2.  wild  succory,  v.  Cicoria  (i). 

Radicchi6ne  in.  ;  =  Lattugaccio,  gum  succory. 

Radfce/;  I.  root.     2.  radish. 

Etym.  L.  radix,  cogti.  Gr.  pa£t£,  branch,  L. 
rad.ijts  anil  ntd-is,  rod,  raftms  for  **  radmus, 
branch,  Gr.  podapi/oc,  branch,  A.S.  ivyrt  (>  E.  wort), 


Radunata/;  i.  assemblage,  e.g.  of 
birds  of  passage.  2.  party  of  pleasure. 

Radun-atbre /«.,  -atriceyj;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Radura  / ;  bare  patch,  v.  Rado. 

Rafano  »/.  (L.,<Gr.  pd(bavos,  akin 
to  L.  rapum,  turnip,  v.  Rapa)  ;  (bot.) 
i.  —  rusticano,  horse-radish,  Cochlearia 
arrnoracea,  also  termed  Barbaforte, 
Crenne,  Ramolaccio.  2.  radish,  Ra- 
phanus  sativus,  also  termed  Ravanello, 
Ramolaccio  coltivato.  3.  —  salvatico, 
wild  radish,  Raphnnus  raphanistrum, 
also  termed  Ramolaccio  salvatico,  Ra- 
vastrello. 

Raffa ;  v.  Ruffa. 

Raffacci-are  ;  to  fling  in  the  face  of. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o. 

RafTaell-o  in. ;  the  painter  so  named.  Aff. 
-eggiare  ind.  raftaelleggio,  -esco. 

Raffagottare  ind.  raffagbtto ;  to 
make  into  a  bundle. 

*  Raffaone  m.;  a  variety  of  vine. 

*  Raffardellare  ;  i.  to  pack  up.     ii.  =  Rapire. 
•Raffare  (O.H.G.  raffia,  v.   Raffica);  to  carry 

off. 

Raffazzon-are  ind.  raffazzono  ;  in- 
tens. Affazzonare,  to  set  off  well.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Raffe'rma/;  i.  confirmation.  2. 
(mil.)  re-enlistment. 

Rafferm-are  ind.  raffe'rmo  ;  I.  to 
confirm.  2.  to  solidify.  3.  to  renew 
a  tenancy,  a  commercial  bill  or  other 
engagement ;  Non  potendo  spegnare 
1"  orologio  fu  costretto  a  -arlo,  as  he 
could  not  redeem  the  watch  he  had  to 
pledge  it  for  a  further  term.  4.  -arsi,  of 
bread,  etc.,  to  get  cold,  lit.  to  get  solid. 

Raffermata./;  in  the  Mugello  district,  a  con- 
struction  made  to  prevent  chestnuts  from  being  carried 
away  by  water  when  they  drop. 

RafTerm-atbre,  -atrice,  -azi6ne  ;  v.  -are. 

Rafferm-o  ;  contr.  of  -ato,  v.  -are  (4). 


,       .  , 

Scand.  rot  (>  E.  root),  all  from  an  Imlogerm.  "werod, 
branch,  v.  Skeat,  $u6  Orchard,  Root,  Wort. 

Radicetta./;  dim.  Radice. 

Radichetta/;  Jim.  Radica. 

Radic-ina  dim.,  -i6na  aitgin.,  of  Radice. 

Radic6n-e  /«.,  -ay];  augm.  of  Radica. 
*  Radificare  ;  =  Rarefare,  to  make  rare. 

RadimadiayC;  scraper  for  a  kneading-trough. 

Radimento  m.  ;  vbsb.  of  Radere. 

Radio  tn.  (L.,  v.  Radice);  (armt.)  radius. 
*  =  Raggio. 

Radiolo  tn.',—  Riccio  di  mare,  sea-urchin. 

Radi6s-o  ;  radiant.     Aff.  -ita. 

Raditura/.;  shaving  the  beard.  *  =  Raschia- 
turn. 

Rad-0  (L.  rarus,  v.  Raro)  ;  thinly 
scattered,  sparse.  Pettine  —  ,  comb 
with  coarse  teeth.  Velo  —  ,  thin  veil. 
Passi  -i,  slow  steps,  -e  volte,  seldom. 
Parlar  —  ,  to  speak  but  rarely. 

Radone  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Rado.  2.  as 
sb.,  coarse  plait  of  rushes  or  reeds. 

Raddre  ;«.  ;  i.q.  Radura,  bare  place. 

Radume  m.  ;  bare  patch,  e.g.  in  a 
field. 

Radun-abile.  -amento;  ~\  -are. 

Radunanza/;  assembly. 

Radunare,  Ragunare,  Raunare  (L. 
re,  ad,  unus)  ;  to  bring  together,  col- 
lect. 


Raffibbiare  ; 
Affibbiare. 


to    refasten,   etc.,   v. 
Raffica/;  squall. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  rafaga,  Portug.  rf/fga, 
and  with  different  suffix  O.Fr.  raffle,  Fr.  rafale, 
Venetian  dial.  r<r/olo,<O.H.G.  "  raffia,  to  snatch 
(>  Germ,  raffen),  v.  infra  Kapare  (A). 

Raffice  in.;  a  kind  of  hook  for  working  ala- 
baster. 

Raffid-are  ind.  raffido  ;  i.  =  Rassi- 
curare,  to  reassure.  2.  -arsi,  to  confide  in. 

Rafnet to  ;//. ;  dim.  RalTiu.  grappii tig-hook. 

Raffievol-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  weaken 
further. 

RaffigUT-are  ind.  raffiguro ;  i.  to 
recognise.  2.  to  symbolise.  Aff.  -abile, 
-ame'nto. 

Raffilare  ind.  raffilo  ;  i.  to  sharpen. 
2.  to  trim  the  ends  or  edges  of. 

Raffilatdio  m. ;  i.  sharpener.  2.  clip- 
per, trimmer. 

Raffilatura  A ;  i.  sharpening.  2.  clip- 
ping. 3.  the  clippings. 

Raffin-are  ind.  raflTno  (Raflfinire) ; 
intens.  Affinare,  to  refine,  etc. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -atezza,  -atoio  refining 
furnace,  -atore,  -atora,  atrice,  -atura,  -azione,  -ena 
refinery. 


Raffio  m.(O.H.G.**raffon,  to  snatch, 
v.  Rapare,  A);  i.  grappling-iron,  also 
termed  Graffio,  for  hooking  up  some- 
thing fallen  into  a  well.  It  is  often 
used  as  pi.  Raffi,  there  being  several 
hooks  constituting  one  instrument. 
2.  (agric.)  a  kind  of  three-pronged  rake 
or  hay-fork. 

*  Raffittare  ;=Riaffittare,  to  rent  again. 

Raffitt-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  tr.  or  intr., 
to  thicken,  -irsi,  to  get  closer  together. 

•  Raffondare  ;=Riaffondare,  v.  Afibndare. 
Raffon-e  or  -cello  tn. ;  a  variety  of  grape. 

Rafforz-are  ind.  rafforzo ;  to  rein- 
force. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Raffiratellaorsi  ind.  mi.raffrattello  ; 
to  become  friends  again. 

Raffredd-are  ind.  raffrdddo  ;  tr.  or 
intr.,  to  cool.  Aff.  -amento,  -atoio 
cooling  chamber,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
-atura  cooling  or  cold  thing. 

Raffredddre  m. ;  severe  chill. 

Raffregare  ind.  raffr^go ;  intens.  of 
Fregare,  to  rub. 

Raffren-are  ind.  raffr^no ;  intens. 
of  Frenare,  to  restrain.  Aff.  -dbile, 
-amdnto,  -ativo. 

Raffresc-are  ind.  raffrdsco ;  to  turn 
cool,  -arsi,  to  take  cold.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-ata,  -atura  a  chill. 

*  Raffrettare  ;  intens.  Affrettare,  to  hasten 
Raffnggol-are   ('*  re-nd-frictiolare,  <  1.     />•/. 

gere,  to  fry,  v.  Sfriggolare) ;  of  a  greasy  pan,  to 
spirt  grease  when  placed  on  the  fire,  -ato  sli  the 
smell  thereof. 

tRaffrignare  (It.  frigna,  v.  Rinfrignare)  ;  =  Rin- 
fnnzellare,  to  botch  up. 

t  Raffrigno  m. ;  i.  v.  Raflrignarc.     ii.  scar. 

Raffront-are  ind.  raffronto  ;  to  com- 
pare side  by  side.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -o  sb. 

tRaffrucchiare;  intens.  Frucchiare. 
Raffuscare  :  to  grow  dark. 

•  Raffusolare  ;  intens.  AfTusolare. 

Ragade  /  (Gr.  puyAs,  <  fujyvvfit,  to 
frreak) ;  ulcerous  fissure  in  the  skin. 

Ragana/  (bit.  Jracaeua,<Gr.  Ipdxmva,  she- 
dragon,  v.  Drago) ;  dragonet,  a  small  sea  fish,  Cal- 
iwnymus  draciinculHt, 

Raganella/  (dim.  Ragana);  i.  yel- 
low gurnard  (fish),  Callionymus  lyra. 
2.  tree-frog,  Rana  arborea.  3.  a  clapper 
used  in  Holy  Week  when  the  use  of  a 
bell  is  prohibited,  usu.  Tabella. 

tRagano  «/.;=Uragano,  hurricane. 

Ragazz-0  ///. ;  boy.  Aff.  -a,  girl  ; 
-accio,  pegg.  or  (with  a  favourable 
epithet)  vezz.  of  -o  ;  -aglia,  -aia,  spreg. 
lot  of  noisy  boys  ;  -ame,  lot  of  boys  ; 
-ata,  boyish  trick  ;  -dtta,  -dtto,  dim.  of 
-a,  -o;  -ettaccia,  -ettaccio,  dim.  pegg. 
wild  little  girl  or  boy  ;  -fna,  -ino,  dim. 
•vezz.  of  -a,  -o  ;  -6Ia,  -61o,  dim.  of  -a,  -o ; 
-ona,  -dne,  -6tta,  -otto,  augm. ;  -ucci- 
accio,  dim.  spreg.  pegg.;  -uccio,  dim. 
sPrfg- '  -ume,  spreg.,  lot  of  rascally 
boys. 

Rtyi'i.  »"*".  KSrting  discusses  it  under  the 
heads  Radicare  and  Raga,  as  follows : 

'"Radicare  (L.  radere),  to  scratch,  >  Ital 
dial,  ragare,  to  shave,  to  cut ;  hence,  according  to 
Canello,  possibly  Ragazzo,  boy,  lit.  the  shorn  one 
</•  To«o,  boy,  perhaps  <  tmsvs.  See  Raga. 

'Raga  (<0r.  paurf,  only  in  late  I..,  more  ttsrt. 


RAFFIO— RAGIONARE 

For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


racana),  properly  rough  coat,  a  kind  of  outer  garment, 
presumably  a  coat  such  as  was  worn  by  servants,  > 
Sardinian  raghetida,  tunic,  and  according  to  Diez, 
Ital.  Ragazzo,  servant,  young  fellow,  boy.  The 
derivation  is  extremely  improbable,  but  there  is 
nothing  better  to  take  its  place  ;  F6rster's  conjecture 
thai  ragazzo  is  connected  with  ** regatitts  (see 
Ducange)  leads  lo  no  satisfactory  result.  Perhaps 
Ragazzo  may  be  an  inversion  of  **garazzo,  a  sort  of 
peggiorative  of  Garzo,  which  is  <  Fr.  gars." 
*Ragazzuomo  tn.;  childish  man. 

*  Ragenzare  ;=  Rafiazzonare. 

*  Raggatt  inare  ;  of  a  cat,  to  seize  again. 

*  Raggavign-are  (iiitens.  Aggavignare,  to  seize, 
lit.  to  clutch  in  wrestling,  v.  Gavigna) ;  i.  to  take 
fresh  _  hold   of;   II  salir  monti   e   declinar  per  valli 
spirit!  ad  una  e  forze  -a,  the  ascent  and  descent  of 
mountains  and  valleys  refreshes   both  one's   spirits 
and   strength,     ii.    -arsi,    to  pull   oneself  together, 
recover  one's  strength, 

Raggelare  ind.  raggelo ;  intens. 
Gelare,  to  freeze. 

Raggentil-ire  ind.  -isco  ;=Ringen- 
tilire,  to  educate. 

*  Raggenzare  ;=  Rabbellire,  to  adorn. 

Raggera,  Raggiera  /  (it.  raggio) ; 
//'/.  bundle  of  rays  ;  stellate  crown,  up. 
the  silver  crown  of  rays  placed  upon  a 
church  monstrance. 

Raggett-o,  -fno  ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Raggio 

*  Ragghiacciare  ;  intens.  Agghiacciare.to  freeze 
Ragghiare  ;=  Ragliare,  to  bray. 
Raggiam£nto  »«.;  radiation. 

*  Raggiante ;  drunk. 

Raggiare ;  to  radiate. 

Raggiata/;  ray  (fish),  v.  Raz/a. 

Raggiati  m.  pi.  •  the  radiate  group 
of  animals. 

Raggiera/;  v.  Raggera. 

Raggfne  /  //. ;  grooved  cylinders 
forming  part  of  a  ropemaker's  appa- 
ratus. 

Raggio  m.,  with  //.  raggi,  or  poet. 
rai  (L.  radius,  rod,  spoke  of  a  wheel, 
ray  of  light,  akin  to  radix,  v.  Radice)  ; 
I.  ray.  2.  radius  of  a  circle.  3.  radius, 
the  bone  of  the  fore-arm.  4.  spoke, 
HSU.  Razza.  5.  II  novo  — ,  the  morning. 
6.  in  pi.,  Rai,  the  eyes.  7.  —  astro- 
nomico,  instrument  for  taking  altitudes. 

*i.  lightning  flash,  ii.  hand  of  a  clock,  iii.  arm 
if  a  lever,  iv.  =Razzo,  rocket,  v.  (mar.)  sheave 
of  a  pulley. 

*  Raggioire  ;  to  rejoice. 

Raggiornare  ind.  raggiorno  ;  i.  to 
become  daylight  again.  2.  tr.  to  put 
off,  adjourn. 

Raggir-are  ;  i.  to  deceive,  to  hum- 
bug. 2.  -arsi,  to  beat  about  the  bush, 
to  ramble  in  speaking.  3.  to  walk 
round  and  round. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atiire,  .atdra,  -atrice. 

Raggfr-0  m. ;  trick.  Aff.  -dtto  dim., 
-one  trickster. 

Raggiiingere ;  i.  to  overtake.  2.  to 
attain,  v.  Giungere. 

*i.  =  Ricongiungere.  ii.  =Terminare.  iii.  =Ri. 
marginare.  iv.  =  Riaggiungere.  v.  =  Aggiungere 
vi.  fart.  Raggiunto,  of  a  river,  swollen. 

Raggiuntare  ;  to  join  again,  stitch 
up  again. 

*Raggiuolo  m.;  dim.  Raggio. 

Raggiust-are  ;  i.  to  readjust.  2.  to 
reconcile.  3.  --  le  costure  a  uno,  v. 
Spianare.  4.  -arsi,  to  be  friends  again. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 


477 

the  simple  -word. 

Ragglutin-are  ind.  ragglutino  ;  to 
glue  together  again.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Raggomicellare  ;  =  Raggomitolare. 

Raggomitol-are  ind.  raggomitolo ; 
to  roll  up  again.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Raggracimolare ;  intens.  Gracimo- 
lare,  to  glean. 

Raggranch-iare,  or  -ire,  ind.  rag- 
granch-io  -i,  or  -isco  -isci ;  intens. 
Aggranchiare,  to  shrivel  (from  cold). 

Raggrand-ire  ind.  -isco ;  intens. 
Aggrandire,  to  enlarge. 

Raggranellare  ind.  raggranello  ;  to 
collect,  lit.  to  collect  grains. 

*  Raggrapparsi ;  to  wrinkle  up. 

Raggravare  ;  intens.  Aggravare. 
Raggricciarsi ;  intens.  Aggricciarsi. 
Raggrinz-are,  or    -ire,  ind.  -o   of 
persons,  -isco  of  clothes  ;   to  wrinkle. 

*  Raggrizzare  ;=  Intirizzire,  to  benumb. 

*  Raggroppare ;  i.  =  Rannodare.    ii.  =  Raggrup- 
pare. 

Raggrott-are  ind.  raggrotto ;  intens. 
Aggrottare,  to  frown. 

Raggrovigl-iare,  -iolare ;  intens. 
Aggrovigl-. 

Raggrum-are,  -olarsi ;  intens.  Ag- 
grum-. 

Raggrupp-are ;  intens.  Aggrupp-, 
to  group.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

•Raggruppo  m. ;  =  Raggiro,  Imbroglio. 
*  Raggruzzare  ;  i.  =  Raggruzzolare.     ii.  =Ran- 
mcchiare. 

Raggruzzolare  ind.  raggruzzolo  ;  to 
save  up. 

*i.  =Concludere.     ii.  =  Rannichiare. 

Ragguagli-are  ;  i.  to  equalise.  2.  to 
level.  3.  (com.)  —  le  partite,  i  conti,  to 
post  entries  in  a  ledger.  4.  to  compare. 
5.  to  inform.  Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto, 
-ativo,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Ragguagliatame'n.te ;  i.  on  the 
average,  taking  one  thing  with  the 
other.  2.  Considerare  la  storia  d'  un 
paese  —  alia  storia  universale,  to  set 
the  history  of  a  country  alongside  of 
universal  history. 

Ragguaglio  m.;  i.  v.  Ragguagliare. 

2.  A  —  di,  (a)  according  to  the  judg- 
ment of,  (b~)  in  relation  to,  (c)  Al  —  del 
cinque  per  cento,  at  the  rate  of  five  per 
cent. 

*  Ragguardare  ;  =  Riguardare. 

RagguardeVol-e ;  considerable.  Aff. 
-dzza,  -mdnte. 

*  Ragguazzare  ;  =  Diguazzare,  to  stir. 
tRaggufato  ;  with  the  head  bent  in. 

Ragia  /;    i.    resin.      2.  Jig.   trap. 

3.  scolding,  punishment. 

Elym.  bit.  **rascHt,<.]..  rttsis,  frat.  akin  lo 
restna,  =  Gr.  PTJTI'I/I),  and  perhaps  to  paiVu,  to  sprinkle 
papif,  drop. 

Ragionacchiare  ;  to  reason  frivolously. 

Ragion-accia  prgg.  of  -e,  -amentino  dim. 
vets,  of -amento,  -amento  z>6s6.  of -are. 

Ragion-are  ind.  ragidno;  i.  to  dis- 
cuss. 2.  to  argue,  to  reason.  3.  =  Dis- 
correre,  esp.  of  a  lover's  discourse.  4.  to 
support  with  reasons.  5.  (Arimmetica) 


RAGIONATAMENTE— RAMAIANA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


-ata,  illustrated  with  examples.     6.  As 
si.,  discussion. 

*  i.  -iamo  d'  Orlando,  i.t.  let  us  change  the  subject, 
it.   —  di  Berta  e  di  Bernardo,  not  to  keep  to  the 
point,     iii.  -arsi,  to  be  called,  named,     iv.  -arsi  con, 
to  come  to  an  agreement  with.    Part,  -ato :  v.  =  Fpr- 
nito  di  ragione,   Ragionevole.     vi.    invested  with 
judicial  powers. 

Ragionatamente ;  rationally. 

Ragionateria  y. ;  deposit  of  merchandise  with 
the  Venetian  ambassador  at  Constantinople,  intended 
as  a  present  for  the  Sultan. 

Ragion-at6re,  -atrice ;  v.  -are. 

Ragion-cella  dim.  spreg.  of  -e,  -cina  dim. 
vezz, 

Ragi6n-e  (Rasgione,  Rasone)  /.  (L. 
ratio,  v.  Rato) ;  i.  reason  ;  Fuor  di  — , 
unreasonable.  2.  Aver  — ,  to  be  right. 
3.  Dar  —  a,  to  adjudge  in  the  right,  to 
allow  to  be  in  the  right.  4.  =  Diritto, 
legal  right ;  —  delle  genti,  international 
law ;  Articolo  di  — ,  matter  of  law  as 
opposed  to  matter  of  fact.  5.  Far  di 
pubblica — ,  to  publish  abroad.  6.  owner- 
ship ;  Beni  di  sua  — ,  effects  belonging 
to  him.  7.  Occupare  le  -i  di,  to  occupy 
the  territory  of.  8.  Metier  alia  — ,  to 
bring  to  reason,  bring  to  book.  9.  arith- 
metical proportion,  ratio.  10.  justice  ; 
Farsi  render  — ,  to  obtain  justice, 
n.  Render  — ,  to  render  account. 
12.  — ,  or  Luogo  della  — ,  law-court, 
i.e.  the  building.  13.  Per  —  di  mondo, 
by  the  laws  of  nature.  14.  =  Specie, 
species.  1 5.  (com.)  — ,  or  Ragion  sociale, 
style  of  a  firm,  or  the  firm  itself. 

1 6.  Farsi    una    -  -    di,   to    bear    with 
patience  ;   Non  so  farmene  una  — ,  it 
is    a    thing    I    cannot    put    up    with. 

17.  Esser  — ,  to  be  convenient.     18.  A 
— ,    rightly.      19.    iron.    La    vien    giu 
come    la    -  -   comanda,   it    is    coming 
down    properly,   i.e.   raining    tremend- 
ously.    Similarly,  A  buona  — ,  A  gran 

-  or  Di  santa  — .  20.  Di  bona  — , 
certainly  ;  Se  avanzo,  di  bona  —  mi 
deve  pagare,  if  I  am  his  creditor  he 
ought  assuredly  to  pay  me. 

*  i.  =  Ragionamento,    colloquy.      ii.  =  Soggetto, 
theme,     iii.    sort ;  Moneta  di  tre  -i,  coins  of  three 
kinds,     iv.  ~  Partita,  Conto;  Far  la  — ,  or  Far  — , 
to  make  up  the  accounts ;  Intricar  la  — ,  to  fog  the 
accounts ;  Saper  cli  — ,  to  know  arithmetic,    v.  Tener 
—  in  mano,  to  hold  the  administration,    vi.  Terminare 
la  — ,  to  settle  an  account;  Veder  — ,  to  obtain  an 
account;    Metter  a  — ,  to  compute;   Porre  — ,  to 
make  up  the  accounts,     vii.  —  Credito,  debt  due  to 
one.    viii.  =  Compagnia  di  traffico,  syndicate,     ix.  = 
Perizia,  dexterity,    x.   Intendevole  in  ciascuna  — , 
skilled  in  every  kind  of  science,     xi.  Aprire  una  — , 
to  start  a  commercial  company,    xii.  Aver  —  d'  una 
cosa,  to  have  the  means  of  doing  it.    xiii.  I  savi  di 
— ,  jurists,     xiv.  in//.,  (mar.)  rations. 

Ragionerfa  /;  i.  book-keeping. 
2.  accountant's  office. 

Ragionettayl;  dim.  Ragione,  poor  reason. 

Ragion6vol-e ;  reasonable.  Aff. 
-dzza,  -me"nte. 

Ragiontere  m. ;  accountant.  *i.  - 
dell'  abbaco,  teacher  of  arithmetic, 
ii.  =  Narratore. 

Ragioso  ;  resinous. 

Ragli-are  (Ragghiare)  (bit.  bragire, 
<  Celtic  root  brag,  noise,  v.  Sbraitare) ; 
to  bray.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -ata  prolonged 
bray,  -at6re,  -o  sb. 

Ragna  /  (L.  aranea,  v.  Ragno)  ; 
i.  net  for  catching  birds.  2.  fig.  trap  ; 


Uccello  della  sua  —  ,  caught  in  his  own 
trap.  3.  =  Ragnatelo,  cobweb.  4.  in  pi., 
light  rainy-looking  clouds.  5-=Bava 
de'  bozzoli,  floss-silk. 

*  i.  =  Ragno,  spider,     ii.  Appannare  alia  —  ,  to  be 
ensnared. 

Ragnaccio  m.;  ftgg.  Ragno,  spider. 

Ragnaia  /.  ;  i.  plantation  of  trees 
up  in  the  hills  arranged  for  spreading 
nets  to  catch  birds,  also  termed  Roc- 
colo,  Uccellanda.  In  the  open  country 
the  term  used  is  Paretaio.  2.  shady 
spot,  shrubbery. 

*  Ragnaio  ;  epithet  describing  some  species  of  tit. 

Ragnare  ;  i.  to  become  very  thin, 
like  a  cobweb,  from  wear.  2.  to  spread 
bird-nets.  3.  of  a  bird,  to  fly  against 
the  net.  4.  of  the  sky,  to  have  thin 
transparent  clouds.  5.  of  a  silk  cocoon, 
to  have  floss,  v.  Bava  (2). 

*i.  of  a  liquid,  to  form  scum.     ii.  =Raspollare, 
to  carry  away.     tiii.  =Ragliare,  to  bray. 
t  Ragnata  f.  ;  =  Ragliata,  braying. 

Ragnatel-o  «/.  (Ragnatela/)  ;  cob- 
web. *spider.  Aff.  -(no  dim.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Ragnaturay;  v.  Ragnare  (i)  and  (4). 
Ragn-ettino  sub-dim.,  -ino  dim.,  of-o. 

Ragno  (Aragno)  m.  ;  i.  spider. 
2.  bass  (fish),  v.  Labrace.  3.  sea- 
dragon,  v.  Trachino. 

Rtyin.  L.  ara»ea\  cogn.  Or.  apa^i'7),  A.S. 
rynge,  spider,  Gr.  afMvc,  net,  apjea*^,  bar  to  which 
the  threads  of  the  warp  are  fastened,  prob.  <  root 
rek:  ruk,  to  spin,  >  O.H.I  J.  roc  (Germ.  Rack),  coat, 
and  O.  H.G.  rocko  (>Germ,  Rocken  and  Ital.  rocca, 
distaff). 

tRagndlo  w.;=Ragno,  spider. 

Ragnolocusta  f.\  praying  mantis,  Mantis 
rrligiosa. 

t  Ragono  ;//.;—  Ramarro,  lizard. 

Ragu  m.  (Fr.,  vbsb.  of  ragouter,< 
re-  and  gofit,  taste,  <  L.  gusitts,  v. 
Gusto)  ;  stew. 

Ragunare  ;  v.  Radunare. 
Ragunaticcio  ;  collected  haphazard. 
Rai  ;  pi.  of  Raggio,  ray. 

Raia  m.  (Indian  word,  v.  Re)  ; 
rajah. 

Raia  /  (A)  (L.  raid)  ;  ray  (fish)  ; 
for  the  species,  ?/.  Miliobate,  Arzilla, 
Razza,  Trigone,  Torpedine  del  Galvani. 

(B)  m.  (Turkish,  <  Arabic  ro?  tya/i, 
herdsman)  ;  rayah,  non-Moslem  Turkish 
subject,  paying  the  capitation  tax. 

Raiare  ;  poet,  for  Raggiare. 

tRainay?;  carp,  v.  Carpione. 

tRais6ne  tn.  ;  (war.)  =  Porca,  rider. 

tRaitire  ;  =  Sbraitare,  to  screech. 
Raitro  m.  (Germ.  Reiter)  ;  German  cuirassier. 
Ralinga,    Relinga  /.;   (mar.)   bolt-rope,    the 
edging  cord  of  a  sail,   usu.   termed  Gratile,   q.v. 
Tenere  in  —  ,  to  set  the  sail  exactly  in  the  line  of  the 
wind. 

Etym.  Cogit.  Fr.  ralingue,  Span,  relinga,  of 
Scandinavian  origin.  The  first  element  corresponds  to 
Germ,  and  Dutch  raa,  the  yard  of  a  ship;  the  second 
seems  to  be  a  diminutive.  Cp.  Fr.  raban,  netting 
line,  <  Dutch  raabatid,  <  raa,  band,  connecting  line 
(Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetter).  Pianigiani  follows  Diez 
and  Kdrting  in  tracing  the  second  syllable  to  Dutch 
Itik,  rope.  The  Italian  word  appears  to  be  borrowed 
from  the  French  rather  than  taken  directly  from 
Dutch  or  Scandinavian. 

Ralingarc  ;  i.  =Ingratigliare,  to  sew  the  bolt- 
ropes  to  a  sail.  2.  of  a  sail,  =  Fileggiare,  to  shiver. 


Ralla    f.    (L.    radula    or    perhaps 


t/ie  simple  word. 

rallum,  <  radere,  to  scrape) ;  i .  bearer 
of  iron  or  bronze  upon  which  the  pivot 
of  a  millstone  or  a  heavy  door  rests  and 
revolves.  2.  in  pi.,  bottom  bushes, 
lower  brasses  or  boxes,  v.  Controralle. 
3.  cart-grease.  4.  the  bevel  of  a  chisel 
terminating  in  the  cutting  edge. 

Rallacciare  ;  =  Riallacciare,  to  tie 
up  again. 

Rallarg-are  ;  i.  =  Riallargare,  to 
widen  ;  -a  ogni  vigore,  put  out  all  thy 
strength,  D.  Purg.  9.  48.  2.  -arsi,  of 
the  sky,  to  become  clear. 

*  Ralleggiare;  — Alleggerire,  to  lighten. 

Rallegr-are  ind.  ralldgro  ;  i.  to 
cheer,  -arsf :  2.  of  a  horse,  to  frisk. 
3.  -arsi  con  uno  di,  to  congratulate  him 
upon  ;  Dare  il  mi  rallegro,  to  convey 
one's  congratulations. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata  gambol,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-atura. 

*  Rallenare  ;  intetts.  Allenare. 

Rallent-are  ind.  rallento ;  to  slacken, 
to  slow.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Rallettare  ;=  Riallettare. 

Rallevare  ind.  rallevo  ;  intens.  of 
Allevare,  to  rear.  *  =  Alleviare. 

*Ralleviare;  intens.  Alleviare. 

Rallign-are  ;  i.  to  take  fresh  root. 
2.  -arsi,  of  ground,  to  be  covered  with 
herbage  again.  3.  (juando  in  Bologna 
un  Fabbro  si  ralligna?  when  will  another 
Fabbro  arise  in  Bologna  ?  D.  Purg. 
14.  100. 

Ralliuo  in. ;  bed  for  the  pivot  of  a 
heavy  gate,  v.  Ralla. 

*  Rallogare  ;  to  replace. 

*  Ralloggiare  ;  intetts.  Alloggiare. 

Ralluminare  ind.  ralliimino  ;  I.  in- 
tens. Alluminare.  2.  to  restore  sight  to. 

Rallungare ;  inlens.  Allungare,  to 
prolong. 

Rama/  ;  var.  of  Ramo,  branch,  esp. 
of  a  palm  or  olive  tree  or  of  a  fruit  tree, 
not  so  large  as  Ramo. 

Ramaccia  / ;  i.  ptgg-  Rama. 
2.  basket-sledge,  orig.  sledge  made  of 
branches,  for  sweeping  up  snow,  loose 
earth,  etc.,  or  for  glissading  down  a 
snow  slope. 

Ramaccio  in. ;  (A)  pegg.  Ramo. 
(B)  ;  pegg.  Rame,  crude  copper. 

*(C)(O.  H.G.  kromjan,  to  be  noisy,  v.  Romire) ; 
=  Trambusto,  uproar,  properly  the  noise  of  trees  in 
a  gale. 

*  Ramace  ;  Uccello  — ,  eyas. 

Etym.  It.  raiiio,  as  it  were  a  bird  taken  from 
among  the  branches,  cp.  Fr.  ramier,  wild  pigeon 
roosting  in  the  branches;  the  derivation  of  eyas  is 
analogous  since  it  is  a  corruption  of  nyas,  <  Fr.  niais, 
<  L.  nidus,  nest. 

t  Ramada  /. ;  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (2). 

Ramadan  m.  (Arabic);  the  ninth  month  of  the 
Mahomedan  year,  when  Moslems  are  required  to  fast 
from  sunrise  to  sunset. 

Ramaglia  /  ;  loppings  of  trees, 
t  thick  forest. 

Ramagliatura  /  ;  work  of  lopping 
trees. 

Ramaiana  m. ;  one  of  the  two  great 
epics  of  ancient  India,  the  history  of 
Rama. 


RAMAIO— RAMPO 


479 


For  the  derivation  of  compountls  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Ramaio  in. ;  coppersmith. 

Ramai-olo,  -udlo  in. ;  —  Romaiolo, 
ladle. 

Ramanzina  (Rammanzina)/  (corr., 
with  alteration  of  meaning,  of  Roman- 
zina)  ;  scolding,  talking  to. 

tRamaolo,  Ramavolo  in.\  =  Ramarro. 

*  Ramarco,  tRamarico  in. ;—  Rammarico,  re- 
gret. 

*Ramar-io,  -o/«.;  =  Ramaio. 

Ramarro  /«. ;  green  lizard,  Lacerta 
viridis,  so  named  presumably  from  its 
colour,  <  Rame,  copper. 

Ramata  f. ;  a  sort  of  bat  of  woven 
withies  for  catching  birds  by  night. 
*A  — ,  in  abundance. 

Ramat-are ;  to  strike  with  a  Ramata. 
Aff.  -ata. 

*  Kamatell-a,  *  -o  ;  dims,  of  Ram-a,  -o. 

Ramato  (A) ;  coppered.  *(B) ;  with 
branches. 

Ramatura  /  (A) ;  coating  with 
copper.  (B) ;  arrangement  of  branches. 

*  Ramazza  /;  =  Ramaccia  (2). 

*  Ramazzotta  /. ;  a  kind  of  mob-cap. 
t  Rambare  ;  (mar.)  to  furl. 

•Ramberga  (Fr.,<E.   row-barge);   a  kind  of 
war-galley. 

Rame  m. ;  i.  copper.  2.  copper 
money.  3.  copper-plate  engraving. 
4.  in  //.,  copper  wares. 

Htym.  Cogn.  Fr.  airain,  Proven^,  and  Catal. 
aram,  Span,  arambrt,  <.  L.  aeramen,  for  aero, 
merit '«;«,  <aes,  which  is  akin  to  Sanskr.  ayas,  A.S. 
ar,  Gothic  ai's,  O.H.G.  er,  all  meaning  "brass"  and 
possibly  with  words  in  the  Germanic  group  meaning 
iron."  Cp.  Skeat,  sub  Iron,  Ore. 

Rameggiare  ind.  rame'ggio ;  I.  to 
branch  out.  2.  to  place  boughs  in  the 
ground  for  peas,  etc.,  to  climb  on. 

*  Ramell-a  /,  -o  m.',  dim.  Ramo. 
tRamengolo  /«. ;  =  Bastone,  stick. 

*  Ramento   m.  (L.,  <  radere)  ;  =  Raschiatura, 
scrapings. 

Ramerino  tit.  (var.  of  Rosmarino,  under  at- 
traction of  Ramo) ;  (bot.)  I.  —  comune,  rosemary, 
Rasmarinus  officinalis,  also  termed  Rosmarino 
comune.  2.  —  di  padule,  marsh  rosemary,  Lediun 
palustre. 

Ram-6tta,  -ettina,  -ettino,  -etto  ;  dims,  of 
Ram-a  or  -o. 

*  Ramezzato  ;  interwoven. 

*  Ramicciare  ;  to  cut  boughs  for  faggots,     t  to 
strike  with  a  Ramiccio. 

tRamiccio  m.\  club. 

Ramice  /  (L.  ramex)  ;  (med.)  rupture,  hernia. 
Ramic611-a,  -o  ;  dims,  of  Ram-a,  -o. 

*  Ramicino  j».;  =  Rebbio,  prong. 
Ramico ;  (fhem.)  cupric. 

*Ramier-e,  -o  m.\  coppersmith. 
Ramifero ;  with  branches. 
Ramific-are  ind.  ramifico  ;  -azi6ne  as  E. 

Ramigno ;  containing  much  copper. 

Ramina  /  ;  copper  waste,  t  small 
copper  pot. 

Ramingare ;  to  roam. 

Raminghe'zza/  ;  of  a  horse,  vicious- 
ness. 

Ramingo ;  i.  wandering.  2.  lone- 
some. 

*  Falco  —  ,  hawk  taken  for  training  when  it  is 
already  able  to  fly  from  branch  to  branch. 

Etym.     It.  ramo,  with  Germanic  suffix  -ing. 

Ramlno  in. ;  i.  hot-water  vessel  of 
copper.  2.  —  bucato,  a  sort  of  copper 
spoon  or  slice  for  skimming  milk.  3.= 
Rainina,  copper  slag. 


*  Ramitell-a/;,  -o  m. ;  =  Ramoscello,  twig. 

Rammagli-are  (It.  maglio,  v.  Am- 
magliare) ;  to  remove  shreds  of  flesh 
from  a  hide.  Aff.  -atura. 

Rammannare  ;  intens.  Ammannare. 
t  Rammannire;  — Raccattare,  to  rake  up  leaves. 

*  Rammansatore  m. ;  intens.  of  Ammansatore, 
peacemaker. 

*Rammant-are,  *  Rammantell-are  ;  i.  to 
wrap  in  a  mantle,  ii.  fig.  to  protect,  iii.  -arsi,  = 
Abbellirsi,  to  become  gay. 

*  Rammanzina  ;  v.  Ramanzina. 

*  Rammanzo  m. ;  =  Rabbuffb,  reprimand. 

*  Rammarginare  ;=Rimarginare,  to  heal. 
*Rammancanzay;;  token  of  regret. 

Rammaric-are  ind.  Rammarico 
rammarichi  (intens.  <  bit.  emaricare,  to 
embitter,  to  exasperate,  <  <?,  very,  and 
amarus,  bitter) ;  to  vex,  to  torment, 
-arsi,  to  grieve.  Aff.  -amento,  -hio 
freq.  sb. 

Rammarico  ///. ;  regret. 

*Rammaricoso  ;  i.  full  of  regrets,    ii.  mournful. 

Rammassare ;  intens.  of  Amnias- 
sare,  to  collect. 

Rammattonare ;  =  Riammattonare. 

Rammemor-are  ind.  rammemoro ; 
to  recall  to  one's  mind.  Aff.  -dbile, 
-ame'nto,  -azione. 

Rammend-are  ind.  ramme'ndo;  to 
mend.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura, 
-ino  dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Ramm&ido  m. ;  i.  repair.  2.'  II 
— ,  the  art  of  mending.  3.  Ricamo  a 
— ,  tapestry  work,  lit.  embroidery  by 
filling  up  the  holes  of  a  canvas. 

Ramment-are  ind.  ramme'ntp;  to 
remind.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Rammezzare  ind.  rammezzo ;  to 
divide  in  two.  -  la  via  a  uno,  to  go 
half-way  to  meet  him. 

Rammoll-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  soften. 
Aff.  -imento. 

Rammontare  ind.  rammonto;  in- 
lens.  Ammontare,  to  heap  up. 

Rammorbid-ire,     Rammorvid-ire, 

ind.   -isco ;    intens.   Ammorb-   or  Am- 
morv-idire,  to  soften.     Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Rammortare  ittd.  rammorto  ;  to  soften  (hides) 
by  steeping.  *  =  Ammortare,  to  pacify. 

Rammbrto  m. ;  i.  steeping.  2.  tan 
bath. 

Rammorvidire ;  v.  Rammorbidire. 

Rammorzare  ind.  rarnm6rzo  ;  =  Am- 
morzare,  to  dull. 

*  Rammozzolato  ;  ground  up  (colour). 

Rammucchiare ;  intens.  Ammuc- 
chiare,  to  collect. 

tRammuginare  ;  =  Raggru/zolare,  to  save  up. 

Rammulinare      ind.      rammulino ; 

1.  intens.   Ammulinare,   to    whirl    up. 

2.  fig.  =  Fantasticare,   to    indulge    in 
fancies. 

*  Rammuricare  ;  —  Ammontare,  to  heap  up. 
Ramno   m.;    (bat.)    buckthorn,    Rhamnus,    v. 

Spino  (2). 

Ramo  w.  (L.  ramus,  akin  to  radix 
and  Gr.  pd8ap.vos,  v.  Radice) ;  branch. 
*=Rame,  copper. 


•Ramogna  /.  (perhaps  <  ** remeonium,  <  L. 
remeare,  to  return) ;  A  se  e  noi  buona  —  Quel- 
1'  ombre  orando,  those  shades  praying  good  speed 
for  themselves  and  for  us,  D.  Purg.  it.  25. 

*  Ramognare  ;  to  wish  good  luck  to. 
•Ramola/;  dim.  Rama. 

Ramolacc-etto  dim.,  -inodjt/t.  vezz.,  of -io. 

Ramolaccio  (Ramoraccio)  m. ;  i. 
horse-radish,  v.  Rafano  (i).  2.  —  col- 
tivato,  radish,  v.  Rafano  (2). 

Etym.  A  corruption,  with  metathesis  of  the 
first  syllable,  of  L.  armoracium,  <  Gr.  ap^opa*cioc, 
<armon,  a  word  in  use  amongst  the  ancient  in- 
habitants of  Pontus. 

*  Ramoluto,  'Ramoruto ;  =  Ramoso,  branching. 

*  Ramoracci-a  /.,   -o  ;«.;  =  Ramolaccio,  horse- 
radish. 

Ramoscell-o,  -ino;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Ramo. 

Ram6s-o  ;  i.  branching.  2.  (herald.} 
with  horns  of  different  colour.  Aff.  -itk. 

*  Ramottello  /«.;  dim.  Ramo. 

Rampa  /  ;  i.  paw,  now  used  only 
in  heraldry.  2.  short  piece  of  steep 
ground  cut  into  steps. 

Etym.  Germanic,  but  precise  details  uncertain, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Ramp.  In  sense  (2)  the  word  is  the 
Fr.  rampf,  but  this  is  probably  from  the  same  origin 
as  It.  rampa,  paw. 

Rampale  /«. ;  v.  Ramparo. 

Rampante ;  (herald.)  (animal)  in  profile  and 
standing  on  its  hind  legs,  "rampant." 

*  Rampare ;  — Rampicare. 

Ramparo  (Rampale)  m.  (early  Fr. 
rempar,  <  reinparer,  to  put  again  into 
a  state  of  defence,  <  L.  re,  in,  parare, 
to  get  ready) ;  (mil.)  =  Terrapieno, 
rampart. 

Rampata  f. ;  i.  ascending  slope  in 
a  road.  2.=Zampata,  blow  from  a  paw. 

Rampic-are  ind.  rampico  -hi  (freq. 
of  Rampare,  cogn.  Fr.  ramper,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Ramp,  Rapt) ;  of  animals,  or  of  a 
man  using  both  feet  and  hands,  to 
scramble  up ;  of  plants,  to  climb.  Aff. 


t  Rampichina  y;;  =  Quel  che  il  contadino  ruba 
al  padrone,  v.  Rampino  (7). 

Rampichino  m. ;  i.  (ornit/t.)  tree- 
creeper,  Certhia  familiaris,  also  termed 
Cerzia  cenerina,  Picchietto  rampichino 
or  passerino.  2.  =  Frugolo,  restless  boy. 
3.  a  variety  of  melon  grown  upon  sup- 
ports. 4.  (bot.)  —  turchino,  dark  blue 
twining  convolvulus,  Ipomaea  hederacea. 
5.  as  adj.,  climbing  (plant). 

tone  who  is  trying  to  get  on  and  rise  in  life. 

Rampic6ne  m. ;  i.  large  iron  hook. 
2.  grappling-iron. 

Rampinare  ind.  rampino;  to  grapple. 

Rampinata  / ;  blow  with  a  Ram- 
pino, or  the  mark  therefrom. 

Rampinato ;  hooked,  hook-shaped. 

Rampfno  w.  (dim.  Rampo);  i.  hook. 
2.  staple.  3.  claw  of  a  cat.  4.  prong 
of  a  fork.  5.  in  pi.,  ill-shaped  letters 
in  bad  writing.  6.  (vet.)  a  particular 
shape  of  horse-shoe  used  for  horses 
that  have  the  trick  of  stepping  only 
upon  the  points  of  their  hoofs.  7.  Giocar 
di  — ,  to  steal.  8.  as  adj.,  hooked. 

Rampo  m.  (var.  of  Rampa,  q.v.) ;  in 
pi. :  i.  downward  bends  in  horse-shoes, 
esp.  in  the  shoes  of  asses  and  mules. 
2.  pop.  for  Granchi,  cramps. 

*i.  nook.     ii.  claw.     iii.  clutch. 


480 


RAMPOGNA— RANTOLO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  tvitk  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Rampogn-a  f. ;  scolding,  reproof. 
Aff.  -are  vb.,  -atore,  -atrice  iibsb.,  -eVole, 
biting  (language). 

Rtym.  From  the  snme  sources  as  Rampa, 
Rampone,  Rampo  ;  the  orig.  meaning  having  been 
as  it  were  to  seize  or  tear  with  hooks  in  &jig.  sense. 

Rampollare  ind.  rampollo  (^*re-ad- 
pullare,  where  re-  would  be  intensive 
and  ad-  pleonastic,  the  base  being  L. 
pullus,  v.  Polio) ;  i.  of  a  spring,  to 
rise.  2.  of  a  plant,  to  shoot.  3.  fig.  to 
spring,  to  arise. 

Ramp611-o  »/. ;  i.  spring  of  water. 
2.  (pot.  or  genealog.)  scion. 

Aff.  -etto,  -ino  dims.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Rampone  m.  (augm.  Rampo)  ; 
i.  cramp-iron.  2.  (mar.}  harpoon. 

Ramponiere  m. ;  harpooneer. 

Ram -uccio  m. ',  dint,  spreg.  -o.  -uto  ;  with 
branches. 

Rana  /  (L.,  for  **racna,  of  imit. 
origin,  referring  to  the  animal's  croak) ; 

1.  frog,  HSU.  Ranocchio.     2.   —  pesca- 
trice,  frog-fish,  v.  Lofio.   3.  (vet.)  Avere 
la  — ,  of  a  horse,  to  produce  a  noise 
like  a  frog's  croak  as  he  trots. 

Ranca  /  ;  game  leg,  v.  Ranco. 

Rancare;  i.  to  limp.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Arrancare. 

Ranch-eggiare  ind.  -eggio,or-6ttare 
ind.  -etto  ;  freq.  of  Rancare. 

Ranchella/;  dim.  Ranca. 

Ranciata  /  ;  candied  orange. 
Ranciato ;  orange-coloured. 

Rancic-0  m.  (var.  of  rancido) ;  irri- 
tation in  the  throat  produced  by  food 
fried  in  bad  oil  or  butter.  Aff.  -oso. 

Rancid-0  (L.)  ;  i.  rancid.  2.  Jig. 
obsolete,  rotten  ;  Teoria  -a,  musty  old 
theory.  Aff.  -6lto  dim.,  -e"zza,  -ire  ind. 
-isco,  -ume  muck. 

Ranciere  m. ;  officer  who  manages 
the  rations. 

Rancio  m.  (A);   i.   soldier's  ration. 

2.  (mar.}  mess.     *dining  club  or  club 
dinner. 

Etym.  Span,  rancko,  military  mess,  cp.  ranch- 
arse,  to  take  up  one's  place  in  the  ranks,  akin  to 
Fr.  rang,  Proven;,  renc,  >  E.  rank,  <  O.H.G.  Mac, 
a  ring,  hence  row  or  rank  of  men. 

(B)  (by  aphaeresis  from  Arancio) ; 
orange-coloured.  Fior  — ,  marigold, 
v.  Fiorrancio. 

*  (C) ;  var.  of  Rancido  and  with  the  same  meaning. 

*  Rancioso  ;  dim.  Rancio  (C),  rather  musty. 

*  Rancire  ;=  Rancidire,  to  go  sour. 

Ranco  (O.H.G.  rank  or  wrank, 
twisted,  distorted,  cp.  E.  wrench, 
wring) ;  permanently  lame,  hobbling. 
Also  as  sb.,  person  with  deformed  legs. 

Ranc6re  (Rangore)  m.  (L.  rancor,  lit.  rancid 
smell) ;  as  E. 

*  Rancura  /  (var.  of  Rancore) ;  i.   sorrowing 
pity.     ii.    Darsi   — ,  =  Affannarsi,    to   exert   oneself, 
iii.    anxious  labour,     iv.  =  Rancore. 

Randa/;  i.  (mar.}  gaff-sail ;  —  di 
cappa,  trysail,  spencer,  with  various 
special  names  according  to  situation 
and  the  class  of  vessel,  e.g.  in  a  full- 
rigged  ship,  or  in  a  bark,  — ,  or  —  di 


poppa,  the  spanker  ;  in  a  four-masted 
bark,  —  di  poppa  or  —  di  contromez- 
zana,  the  jigger  ;  in  a  barquentine, 
the  mizen  (both  the  two  last  named 
sails  are  also  termed  Brigantina)  ;  in  a 
schooner,  —  di  maestra,  mainsail,  —  di 
trinchetto,  foresail  ;  in  a  three-masted 
schooner,  —  di  mezzana,  mizen  ;  in  a 
brig,  —  di  cappa  di  maestra,  main 
trysail;  in  a  cutter,  —  ,  the  main-sail. 
2.  in  the  adverbial  phrase  A  —  ,  barely, 
with  difficulty.  3.  rod  with  one  end 
fixed  and  a  marker  at  the  other,  or  rod 
with  a  marker  attached  by  a  piece  of 
string,  for  the  purpose  of  tracing  curves. 
4.  the  curve  so  traced.  5.  in  alum 
works,  a  sort  of  rim  to  support  the 
cauldron. 

*i.  (mar.}  boom  running  along  the 
lower  edge  of  a  sail,  now  termed  Boma. 
ii.  edge;  A  —  a  —  ,  D.  Inf.  14.  12,  at 
the  very  edge.  +iii.  in  Piedmont,  bar 
serving  to  scrape  away  the  grain  sur- 
mounting the  rim  of  the  vessel  used  in 
measuring  it.  iv.  Pieno  a  —  ,aSiennese 
phrase  for  brim-full. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  rant,  edge  (>Germ.  Rand), 
representing  an  older  **ratn-ta,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rim, 
Rind,  Random  ;  the  sense  of  gaff-sail  is  a  transfer- 
ence from  the  original  sense  of  "boom,"  the  spar 

The 
d 
g 
marking  or  running  along  an  edge). 

*  Randaginey".  ;  i.  —  Arditezza,  Vtolenza.  ii.  An- 
dar  —  ,  =Andar  bighelloni,  to  roam. 


adj.    or    sb.  ;    rambling, 


Randagio 

vagabond. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  the  same  source  as  Raiida  by 
some  such  process  as  that  indicated  by  Skeat,  sub 
Random. 

Randare  ;  to  trace  a  circle,  v. 
Randa  (3). 

Randeggiare  ind.  rande"ggio  ;  (mar.} 
to  hug  the  shore. 

Randellare  ind.  randello  ;  i.  to  beat 
with  a  club.  2.  =  Arrandellare,  to  tighten. 

Randell-o  m.  (prob.  a  dim.  of  Randa, 
v.  Randa,  etym.}  ;  I.  packing-stick,  a 
short  curved  club  for  inserting  under 
a  rope  to  be  tightened  by  twisting. 
2.  cudgel  generally.  3.  scherz.  tall  thin 
person.  4.  log  tied  to  an  animal's  neck 
to  prevent  it  from  going  through  a  gap. 
Aff.  -ata  blow  with  a  -o,  -e^to  -ino  dims. 

Randell6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  lounger. 

Randi6ne  (Proven^.  randnns,  impetuous  rush, 
from  the  same  source  as  Randa,  71.  Skeat,  sub 
Random);  (ortiith.)  Falcone  —  ,  gerfalcon,  Falco 
gyrfalco. 

\  Randolare  ;  =  Arrandellare. 
tRandolo  m.;  =  Randello,  club.     Rimanere  col 
—  sul  noce,  i.e.  to  be  left  with  nothing. 

Ranella  /;;  a  genus  of  marine  slugs,  similar  to 
the  Murex.  *  i.  dim.  Rana.  ii.  tumour  at  the  side 
of  the  tongue. 

Ranfia^;  i.q.  Granfia,  claw. 

*  Ranfignare  ;  =  Sgraffignare,  to  run  off  with. 
*Ranfi-o  (-one)  in.  :    nasalised  form  of  Raffio, 

hook. 

*  Rangea;  Alia  —  .  one  after  another. 
*Rangifero;«.;=Renna,  reindeer.    Etym.   mlt., 

<  Lapp  raingo,  but  raingo  is  only  a  misspelling  of 
Swed.  renko,  i.e.  rein-cow,  the  true  Lapp  word  for 
the  animal  being  patso,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Reindeer. 

Rango  m.  (Fr.  word)  ;  rank. 

*  Rangogliare  ;  v.  Rangolare. 

*  Rangol-a/T,  -o  or  Rangulo  m.  (prob.  a  var. 
of  Rancore)  ;  =  Sollecitudine,  Brama,  anxiety,  care. 


*  Rangolare  ;  i.  to  act  carefully,     ii.  to  scream, 
iii.  tr.  to  struggle  for. 

*  Rangolo  ;  v.  Rangola. 

*  Rangoloso;  i.  burdensome,  v.  Rangola,   '\\.fig. 
—  Garritore,  Maldicente. 

*  Rangore  ;  v.  Rancore. 

*  Rangulo  ;  v.  Rangola. 

Ranino  (L.  rana,  swelling  on  the  tongue) ; 
(anat.)  sublingua!. 

Rannaibla  A  (It.  ranno);  =  Colatoio, 
filter. 

Rannata  / ;  lye-water  thrown  in 
suitable  quantity  into  a  tub  of  dirty 
clothes.  Fare  una  — ,  to  prepare  a 
bucket  of  lye. 

Rannerare  ind.  ranneVo  (It.  nero); 
of  the  sky,  to  cloud  over. 

Ranner-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  nero);  tr. 
or  itttr.,  to  blacken. 

Rannest-are  ind.  rannesto ;  i.  = 
Riannestare,  to  reinoculate,  regraft. 
2.  intens.  Annestare.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rannicchi-are  (It.  nicchia) ;  to 
crumple  up.  L'  acqua  Ii  -6  dentro 
una  ceppa  vuota,  the  rain  made  them 
cower  into  a  hollow  tree,  -arsi,  to  curl 
up. 

Rannidare,  Rannidiare ;  intens. 
Annidare,  to  harbour. 

tRanniere  m. ;=Rannaiola,  filter. 

Ranno  m. ;  (A)  lye  made  from 
boiling  water  with  wood-ashes.  —  ver- 
gine,  when  the  water  did  not  boil, 
di  nitro,  lye  passed  over  quicklime. 
Prov.  Perdere  il  —  e  il  sapone,  i.e.  to 
waste  one's  trouble. 

*i.  =  Sapone,  soap.     ii.  Fuggire  il  —  caldo,  i.e. 
to  avoid  difficulties. 

Etym.  Prob.  Germanic,  <  root  ren,  meaning 
to  flow,  to  run ;  cp.  O.  H.G.  rinnan,  to  flow  (>  Germ. 
rinnen,  to  trickle,  also  to  coagulate,  with  perf. 
rantt)  and  E.  rennet,  <  Middle  E.  rennen,  to  run, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Rennet. 

*(B)   (L.,<Gr.    pofifoc);   (bat.)   buckthorn,    v. 
Spino  (2). 

Rannobil-ire  ind.  -isco;  HSU.  iron,  for  Rin- 
nobilire.  I  quattrini  fanno  —  ogni  cosa,  money  will 
ennoble  everything. 

Rannod-are  ind.  rannodo  ;  =  Rian- 
nodare,  to  renew  a  tie,  e.g.  of  friendship, 
-arsi,  to  reassemble. 

Ranndso  adj. ;  v.  Ranno  (A). 

Rannuvol-are  ind.  rannuvolo  (Ran- 
nugolare) ;  intens.  Annuvolare,  to  cloud. 
Aff.  -amento,  -ata  mass  of  clouds. 

Ran&cchi-a ;  /  of  -o. 

Ranocchiaia  /;  i.  (hot.}  frogbit, 
Hydrocharis  morsus  ranae,  also  termed 
Favagello  di  Chiana.  2.  damp,  swampy 
place,  lit.  frog-pond.  3.  (ornith.}  = 
Airone  rosso,  purple  heron. 

Ranocchiaio  m.;  i.  frog-pond. 
2.  dealer  in  frogs.  3.  scherz.  eater  of 
frogs. 

Ranocchi-ella  f.  ;  dim.  -a.  *  i.q.  Ranoc- 
chiaia (3)? 

Ran6echi-o  m.,  -a,/.  (L.  ranunculus, 
dim.  of  rana,  v.  Rana) ;  frog.  Aff. 
-e'sco  adj.  scherz.,  -ettaccio  dim.  vezz., 
-etto  -no  dims. 

tRant-aco,  *-o  or  *-olaia  ;  =  Rantolo. 

Rantol-0  m.  (etym.  dub.} ;  rattle  in 
the  throat,  previous  to  death.  Aff.  -are 
vb.,  -10  intens.  sb. 


RANULE— RAPPORTO 


481 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Ranule  f.  fl.\=  Barbule. 

Ranuncolo  (Ranunculo)  in.  (L.);  (hot.)  i.  as 
E.      2.    —    tridentato,    hepatica,   v.    Trifoglio    (7). 
3.  —  de'  giardini,  garden  ranunculus,  Ranunculus 
Asiatifus,  also  termed  Rosellina  del  giardini.     4.  — 
de1  prati,  field-crowfoot,  ?/.  Signorina  (2). 
•Ranuzzay:;  dim.  Rana,  frog. 
tRanzagndlo     m.     (**  radianetilusl,    dim.    of 
L.  radius)  ;  rolling-pin. 


;  (L.,  cogn.  Gr.  pdirvs,  turnip, 

avis,  radish,  Russian  riepa,  Germ. 
Riibe,  E.  rape)  ;  turnip,  i.e.  the  root,  v. 
Rape. 

tRapacchi-o,  -otto,  -udlo,  -no  or  Rabacchio 
"/..  with  remoter  dialectic  varieties  Rabac,  Raboc  ; 
all  local  terms  for  impish  boy,  prob.  <  L.  rapa.v, 
cp.  Span,  rapaz  meaning  both  boy  and  rapacious. 

Rapaccjno  in-  ;  (trot.}  charlock,  v.  Erba  (42). 

Rapaccio  m.  ;  \bot.~)  colza,  Brassica  napus 
olfifern. 

Rapaccione  m.;  v.  Ravizzone. 

Rapac-e  (L.)  ;  as  E.     Ajff.  -emente,  -ita. 

Bapaio  m.  ;  turnip-bed,  usu.  fig.  for 
confusion. 

Rapare  ;  (A)  to  crop  close,  esp.  the 
hair.  (B)  to  grate  tobacco  into  snuff. 

Ktytn.  Germanic.  Rapare  (A)  is  <  root  hrap, 
to  snatch,  >  Icelandic  krapa,  to  fall,  to  hurry, 
Swedish  rappa,  to  seize,  Germ,  raj/fen,  to  snatch, 
Middle  E.  rapeti,  to  act  hastily  (>  E.  rap,  as  in 
"to  rap  out"  for  "  to  speak  hastily"),  v.  Skeat,  sul> 
Raffle,  Riff-raff,  Rap  (2).  From  the  same  source, 
with  the  L.  prefix  a.  for  ad,  came  It.  Arrappare,  and 
(with  the  High  German  f  substituted  for  the  Low 
German  /)  Raffio  and  Arraffare.  V.  infra,  Raspo, 
etym. 

Rapare  (  B)  is  <  Fr.  raper,  to  grate,  <  old  Fr. 
rasper,  <  O.  H.G.  raspon,  >  Germ,  raspflu,  to 
rasp. 

Rapastrella/,  Rapastr6ne  m.  (It.  rapa); 
(bot.)  popular  name  of  four  cruciferous  plants,  Cakile 
orientate,  sea-rocket,  Raphanus  raphanistrum,  wild 
radish,  also  termed  Rafanp  salvatico,  Rapistrum 
orientate  and  Myagrum  orientate  ;  the  two  last  are 
not  British. 

Eapata  /  ;  cropping  the  hair  close. 

Rapato  m.  ;  =  Fr.  rape,  a  kind  of 
snuff,  rappee. 

Rapazzbla  /  ;  a  kind  of  hammock 
made  by  two  posts  and  a  sack  of  leaves, 
in  the  Maremma  district. 

Rapazzu61o  m.  ;  v.  Ravizzone. 
Rape  m.  ;  i.q.  Rapato,  rappee. 

Raperella  /  (var.  of  Riparella)  ; 
i.  a  little  piece  of  stone  let  in  to  stop 
a  hole  or  otherwise  repair  a  piece  of 
sculpture.  2.  in  watch-making,  etc., 
anything  to  raise  a  piece  to  its  right 
level.  3.  small  ring  or  button  of  brass 
or  other  metal  as  an  ornament,  or  to  fix 
something  in  its  place,  e.g.  a  metal  knob 
at  the  end  of  a  knife-handle.  4.  metal 
or  leather  ring  round  the  shaft  of  a 
screw  to  improve  its  hold. 

Raperelliere  m.  ;  tool  for  making 
Raperelle. 

Raperlno  ///.  (A)  (etym.  tinkn.}  ; 
uniith.)  green  canary,  serin,  Serinus 
hortolanus,  also  termed  Raperugiolo, 
Raperugino,  Verdolino,  Verzellino,  Se- 
rino  d'  Italia.  (B)  (It.  rapare)  ;  scherz. 
person  with  close-cropped  hair. 

Raper-6nzo,  -6nzolo,  Raptfnzolo  /«. 
ilinis.  <  Rapo)  ;  i.  (bat.}  (a)  rampion, 
Campanula  rapunculus  ;  (b)  lamb's  let- 
tuce, Valerianella  olitoria,  both  plants 
being  usable  for  salad.  2.  scherz.  close- 
cropped  head. 

H. 


Raperugiolo;  v.  Raperino. 

*Rapetta/;  i.  rose  or  other  flower  with  its 
stalk,  li.  bunch  of  flowers  and  grass. 

Rapettfna  / ;  dim.  vezz.  Rapa, 
turnip. 

Rapicello  in. ;  (hot.)  charlock,  v. 
Erba  (42). 

Rapid-o  (L.,<rapia,  v.  Rapire);  as  E.  AJ). 
-amente,  -ita. 

*  Rapietare  ;  to  beg  piteously. 

*  Rapillo  m. ;  =  Lapillo,  volcanic  ash. 
Rapimento  w. ;  vosb.  of  Rapire. 

Rapfn-a/  (L.,<rapio,  v.  Rapire); 

1.  rapine.      2.     carrying    off    a    girl. 
3.   furious  rush,  D.   Inf.  5.  32.     4.  fig. 
fury.     5.    Uccello  di  — ,  bird   of  prey. 
Aff.  -are  vb.,  -erfa  =  Ruberia. 

Rapf.no  ;  i.  — ,or  Rapinoso, peevish. 

2.  as   sb.,  =  Rapastrella.      tin   //.,  = 
Broccoli  di  rapa. 

Rapindso ;  peevish.  *i.  given  to 
violent  acts.  ii.  =  Rapido.  iii.  as  adv., 
suddenly. 

Rap-ire  tnti.  -isco,  perf.  rapii,  part. 
rapfto  or  poet,  ratio  (L.,  root  /trap,  cp. 
Gr.  Apndfta,  to  snatch,  v.  supra,  Rapare, 
and  Skeat,  sub  Harpy,  Rap  2,  and 
Rape  i);  i.  to  carry  off.  2.  to  seize 
upon.  3.  to  ravish  with  delight,  as 
music.  Aff.  -itore,  -itrice. 

Rapo  m.  (var.  of  Rapa,  q.v.} ;  turnip, 
i.e.  either  the  plant,  Brassica  rapa,  or 
else  an  unusually  large  root. 

Rap6ne  m. ;  i.  augni.  Rapa.  2.  fig. 
utter  fool. 

Rapdntico  m. ;  (hot.)  rhubarb,  v.  Rabarbaro  (3). 
Raponzol-o;  v.  Raperonzolo.     AJf.  -etto  dim. 

Rappa/;  i.  (boi.)  the  umbel,  cyme, 
or  tassel,  formed  by  fennel  and  similar 
plants.  2.  bunch  of  dried  or  artificial 
flowers  placed  upon  an  altar  for  orna- 
ment. 3.  (vet.~)  ulcerous  fissure  in  a 
horse's  leg.  *wrinkle. 

Etym.  Germanic,  <  M.H.G.  rappe.  Deriva- 
tion in  other  respects  obscure.  Rappe  means,  inter 
alia,  bunch  of  grape  stalks,  the  grapes  having 
been  picked  off,  and  a  skin  disease  ;  these  two 
meanings  probably  represent  different  origins,  but 
what  they  may  have  been  is  not  clenrly  known,  v, 
Raspo,  etym. 

Rappaciare  (It.  pace)  ;=Rimpaci- 
are,  to  reconcile. 

Rappacific-are  hid.  rappacifico ;  to  restore 
peace  between.  Aff,  -amento,  -azione. 

*  Rappadore  ;  =  Rapitore,  plundering. 

*  Rappagare  ;  intens.  Appagare,  to  satisfy. 

Rappallottol-are  ind.  rappallottolo ; 
intens.  Appallottolare,  to  cake.  Aff. 
-amento. 

*  Rappanciato  ;- Rugoso,  wrinkled. 

*  Rapparare  ;  to  relearn. 

*  Rapparecchiare  ;=  Riapparecchiare. 

*  Rappareggiare  ;  intens.  Pareggiare. 

Rappattumare  ind.  rappattumo ; 
i.q.  Rappaciare,  to  reconcile. 

tRappecettato  (It.  pece);  i.  stuck  on  again. 
"'•  fig-  (pers.)—  Ristuccato,  Rilisciato,  very  trim. 

Rappellare  ind.  rappello;  i.  =  Ri- 
chiamare,  to  recall.  2.  =  Riappellare, 
to  reappeal.  3.  =  Rimpellare  con  la 
calcina,  to  give  a  fresh  coat  of  white- 
wash. 

*i.    to   challenge  again.      ii.  =  Definire.      iii.    to 
touch  up  (a  story,  or  speech,  etc.). 


*  Rappello  «/.;  i.  =AppeIlo.  ii.  Senza  — ,  with- 
out delay. 

•Rappennecchiarsi;  of  a  sick  animal,  to  bunch 
itself  together. 

Rapp-e'tta,  -ettina ;  dims.  vezz.  of 
Rappa. 

Rappezz-are  ind.  rappezzo  (It.  pez- 
zo) ;  i.  to  piece  together.  2.  to  mend. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
-atura. 

Rappezzo  m. ;  i.  patch  or  patched 
place.  2.  (print.')  sorts,  additional  type 
ordered  from  the  type-founder.  3.  fig. 
insufficient  excuse.  4.  Tirare  il  — ,  at 
bowls,  to  strike  one's  bowl  so  as  to 
move  it  nearer  to  the  jack. 

Rappiacevol-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  make 
endurable. 

Rappian-are;  i.  intens.  Appianare, 
to  level.  2.  =  Riappianare.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rappiastr-are ;  i .  to  re-plaster. 
2.  =  Rabberciare,  to  botch  up.  *-arsi, 
to  be  reconciled. 

Rappiastriccicare ;  i.  intens.  Ap- 
piastriccicare,  to  form  a  union.  2.  to 
form  a  fresh  union. 

Rappiattare ;  =  Rimpiattare,  to  hide 
away. 

Rappicc-are ;  to  refasten.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atura. 

Rappiccicare  ind.  rappfccico ;  to 
gum  on  again. 

Rappiccicottare ;  to  mend  anyhow. 

Rappiccin-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  intens.  Ap- 
piccinire,  to  make  or  become  smaller. 

Rappicciolire,  Rappiccolire ;  i.q. 
Rappiccinire. 

Rappigli-are ;  to  congeal.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

tRappipporire  ;—. \ccapponare,  to  caponise. 

Rappisolarsi ;  to  go  to  sleep  again. 

Rappoggiare ;  intens.  Appoggiare, 
to  prop. 

Rapport-are  ind.  rapporto ;  i.  to 
report.  2.  to  attribute  (the  blame  or 
merit  of  an  act).  3.  to  bring  in  ; 
Piuttosto  che  rifar  la  colonna  guasta 
dal  tempo  ci  furono  qua  e  Ik  rapportati 
alcuni  pezzi,  rather  than  replace  the 
damaged  column  by  a  new  one  a  few 
new  pieces  were  introduced  here  and 
there.  4.  to  transport  (an  embroidery 
from  one  piece  of  canvas  to  another). 

5.  to  reproduce  (the  features  of  a  person 
or  object  in  a  painting  or  sculpture). 

6.  -arsi  a,  to  have  reference  to,  to  relate 
to.    7.  -arsi  a  uno,  to  be  guided  by  his 
opinion.     8.   -arsi,  absolutely ;   Mi  rap- 
porto, I  offer  no  opinion. 

*i.    to   bring,     ii.  to   bring   back.     iii.    to   bring 
about,     iv.   to  attain,     t  to  recite  (poetry). 

Rapport-atbre  ;«.,  -at6ra,  -atrice/".;  i.  re- 
porter. 2.  spy. 

Rapp6rt-0  /«. ;  i .  report.  2.  relation 
(between  persons  or  things) ;  —  di  due 
quantita,  the  arithmetical  difference 
between  them,  or  the  ratio  which  one 
bears  to  the  other;  Ne  parlate  sotto 

61 


482 


RAPPOZZARSI— RASPANI 


che  —  ?  you  are  speaking  of  it  in  relation 
to  what?  —  a  questo,  in  regard  to  this. 
3.  accessory  ornament ;  Rabescati  di  -i 
di  tela  gialla  e  di  velluto  chermisino, 
with  arabesques  made  by  adding  on 
pieces  of  yellow  cloth  and  crimson 
velvet.  4.  meeting  of  a  commanding- 
officer  with  his  subalterns  for  the  pur- 
pose of  receiving  reports.  5.  Ricamare 
a  — ,  to  embroider  upon  two  materials, 
one  of  which  lies  upon  the  other,  subse- 
quently cutting  off  the  superfluous  parts 
of  the  upper  material.  *opinion. 

*  Rappozzarsi  ;  of  water,  to  collect,  Mr. 

Rappr&ndere  perf.  rappre"si,  part. 
rapprdso  (bit.  reprehendere) ;  i.  i.q. 
Rappigliare,  to  congeal.  Part.  Rap- 
preso :  2.  benumbed  by  cold  or  from 
remaining  for  a  long  time  in  one 
position  ;  II  piede  mi  si  e  rappreso, 
my  foot  is  gone  to  sleep.  3.  curdled. 

*i.  =Riprendere,  to  reprove,  ii.  to  make  re- 
prisals. 

*  Rapprendimento  in. ;  confirmation,  renewal. 

Eappresaglia  / ;  (A)  reprisal. 
*(B)  =  Specie  di  panna. 

Etym.  of  (A).  An  intensive  (v.  Re-,  7)  of  mlt. 
firacsalia,  formed  upon  Fr.  pris  or  It.  preso.  Con- 
cedit  licfntiatu  qitibusdam  mercatorious  faciendi 
praesalias  contra  rebelles  qui  eos  disrobavfruttt 
(Pier  delle  Vigne).  In  sense  (B)<  Rappreso,  v. 
Rapprendere  (3). 

*  Rappresagliare  ;  i.  to  practise  reprisals  upon, 
ii.   to  confiscate  (a  ship). 

Rappresent-abile,  -anza,  -are,  -ativa- 
m£nte,  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azioncella  or 
-azioncina  dims.,  -azidne  ;  as  E. 

*  Rappressare  ;  intens.  or  repet.  of  Appressare. 
tRappresuray:;  v.  Rapprendere  (3). 

*  Rappropriare  ;  to  represent  exactly. 
Rapprossimare  ;=  Riapprossimare". 
Rapprovvigionare       iiid.       rapprovvigidno : 

(mar.)  to  provision. 

tRappucci  m.  X-;  =  Vincigli,  withies. 

*  Rappuntare  ;  to  resharpen  the  point  of. 

Bapsodia,  Rassodia/  (Gr.,<panT<o, 
to  sew,  w'Sij,  song);  rhapsody,  i.e.  i.  a 
piece  from  the  Iliad  or  Odyssey.  2.  a 
musical  composition  based  upon  popular 
airs.  3.  a  literary  mish-mash  from 
various  authors. 

Rapsodista  «.;  p.  Rapsotlia  (3). 

Rapsddo  m.;  rhapsodist,  i.r.  i.  an  ancient 
Greek  reciter  of  epic  ballads.  2.  v.  Rapsodia  (2) 
and  (3). 

Rapuglio  in. ;  turnip-field,  only  in 
the prov.  Chi  vuole  il  buon  —  lo  semini 
di  luglio. 

•Rapunzia/,  with/*/,  m.  Rapunzi  ;  =  Onagra, 
wild  ass. 

Rapunzio  ///. ;  (hot.)  evening  primrose,  v.  Ona- 
gra  (3). 

Rar-o  (L.,  cp.  Gr.  cpwioc,  lonely,  apatdr,  thin, 
L.  re te,  net,  <  root  ere,  to  separate) ;  rare.  *  i.  = 
Floscio,  flabby,  ii.  slow  (steps),  D.  Inf.  8.  117. 
Aff.  -amente,  -efibile,  -efare,  -efattfbile,  -efattivo, 
-efazione,  -etto  dim.  vtzz.,  -ezza,  -ita. 

Ras  m.  (Arabic  word,  =  head)  ;  chief  vizier  in 
Abyssinia. 

tRaschetta/:;=RaschieUo,  scraper. 

Rasa  ;  (mar.)  Nave  — ,  straight  sheered  ship, 
with  little  freeboard. 

*As  sb.:  i.  =  Ragia,  resin,  ii.  (war.)  (<z)=Nave 
rasata,  dismasted  ship,  (A)  anchor-buoy. 

t —  or spinosa,  thornback  (fish),  71.  Arzilla  (i). 

Ras-are  (bit.,  <  L.  rasum,  supine  of 
radere,  to  scrape,  v.  Radere);  i.  to 
shear  off  grain  from  an  overflowing 
measure  with  the  Rasiera.  2.  to  clip 
a  hedge,  to  scrape  a  board  smooth,  to 
remove  all  the  hair  from  a  hide.  3.  to 
shave  all  the  hair  from  a  person's 


the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

head.  4.  (hot.}  Legno  -ato,  satin-wood, 
Swietenia  chloroxylon,  also  termed 
Legno  angelico,  at  Rome.  +  =  Rasen- 
tare.  Ajf.  -atura. 

t  Rascassa ;  v.  Scorpena  (i). 

*  Rascese  HI.  ;  a  kind  of  serge,  v.  Rascia  (i). 

r> ;.*„    .r. :_ r-    • "_i:.--  _rt* 


Rascetta  /.•  an  inferior  quality  of  Rascia. 

*  Raschia  f. ;    (nud.)    i.  =  Sorta   di    scabbia. 
ii.    pustule  on  the  head. 

Raschi-abile,  -amento ;  -'.  -are. 
Raschia-  or  Rastia-pavimenti  m. ;  =  Perdi- 
giorni,  idler. 

Raschiarchivi  m. ',  scherz.  antiquary. 

Raschi-are  (Rastiare);  i.  to  scrape, 
to  scratch  out  with  a  knife.  2.  of  rains, 
to  take  off  a  little  from  the  surface  of  a 
wall.  3.  to  cough  slightly  so  as  to 
attract  attention,  e.g.  to  notify  some 
one  that  he  is  listening  to  lies.  *Ras- 
tiar  via,  to  take  oneself  off. 

Aff.  -ata  sb. ,  -atina  dim.  vfzz.,  -atnia  or  -atoio 
scraper  for  a  plough,  -atore,  -atora. 

Raschiatura/ ;  i.  scraping.  2.  the 
resulting  scrapings.  3.  the  part  that 
has  been  scraped.  4.  Gli  e  toccata  la 
— ,  i.e.  he  has  got  nothing  of  what  he 
wanted.  *animals'  dung. 

fRaschiera  /.;  tool  for  scraping  a  kneading- 
trough. 

Raschi^tt-O  m.,  -a  / ;  any  tool  for 
scraping. 

Raschino  m.  \  i.  eraser  (knife). 
2.  scraper  with  a  handle  for  clearing 
away  frozen  snow,  or  adherent  mud. 

Raschio  m. ;  slight  cough,  v.  Ras- 
chiare  (3). 

Raschio  m. ;  repeated  coughing. 
+  =  Rancico. 

Rascia  f. ;  i.  a  kind  of  coarse  serge. 
2.  in  //.,  the  black  and  white  draperies 
hung  in  a  church  on  occasion  of  a  great 
funeral.  3.  (skoem.)  the  sides  of  the 
Fiosso.  4.  (geogr.)  see  the  etym. 
below. 

Etym.  Either  from  the  name  of  the  city  of 
Arras  in  Northern  France  or  from  that  of  Rascia,  the 
former  name  of  Novi-Bazar,  the  capital  of  Bosnia, 
alluded  to  in  D.  Par.  19.  140,  v.  Toynbee,  Dante 
Dictionary,  sub  Rascia. 

Rasciere  »/.;  manufacturer  of  Rascia. 
+  Rasciolcto  m. ;  \.  =Terriola,  light,  sandy  soil. 
ii.  =  Grillaia,  farm  of  poor  quality. 

*  Rascione  m. ;  i.  (augm.  Rascia)  baby's  diaper, 
ii.  =Ragione. 

Rasciug-are;  i.  intens.  Asciugare, 
to  dry.  2.  --  un  fiasco,  to  finish  a 
bottle,  hence  3.  to  finish  what  is  eat- 
able. 4.  -  -  uno,  to  finish  him  off, 
exhaust  his  resources.  5.  Chi  1'  ha 
fatta  la  rasciughi,  let  the  author  of  the 
mischief  be  the  one  to  suffer  for  it. 
6.  to  make  thin ;  L'  arrosto  -a,  toasted 
food  produces  thinness.  7.  -ati !  La  si 
-hi  il  sudore  !  iron,  to  one  who  thinks 
he  has  done  something  wonderful.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atura,  -o  drying  hides. 

Rasciuttare  ;  pop.  for  Rasciugare. 

Rasciutt-o;  dry.  Occhi  -i,  v.  Oc- 
chio  (34). 

*Rasco  m. ;  —  Raschiatoio,  scraper. 

*  Raselisco  m. ;  an  old  piece  of  artillery. 

Rasent-are  ind.  rasento ;  to  graze, 
to  verge  upon,  -a  il  birbante,  he  goes 
very  near  being  a  rogue,  -a  il  codice 
penale,  he  just  keeps  clear  of  the  law. 


Ras&nte  prep.  (Proveni;.  rashi,  a 
sort  of  present  part,  formed  upon  L. 
rasum,  supine  of  radere,  v.  Radere); 
close,  used  with  dative  or  accusative. 
La  palla  mi  passo  —  al  capo,  the  ball 
passed  close  to  my  head.  Passarono 
-  il  muro,  they  passed  close  to  the 
wall.  —  il  di,  just  before  daybreak. 

tRaseta,  Roseta  /;  ray  (fish),  i,.  Arzilla  (0 
and  (3). 

Rasctto  m.  (dim.  Raso);  satinet,  mixture  of 
silk  and  cotton. 

Rasicciare;  or  Fare,  Staccare  la 
rasiccia,  (agtic.)  to  scrape  together  a 
lot  of  weeds,  roots  and  clods  of  earth, 
and  burn  them  ;  the  ashes  are  then 
spread  about  as  a  manure. 


;  t.  strickle,  a  straight- 
edge for  levelling  the  top  of  a  measure  of 
grain,  v.  Rasare  (i).  2.  leather-dressers 
shaving-knife,  where  a  leather  strap  is 
passed  between  a  sharp  knife-edge  and 
a  revolving  spindle,  so  as  to  reduce  it 
to  a  uniform  thickness.  3.  carpenter's 
scraper,  consisting  of  a  short,  broad 
blade  for  smoothing  a  board  after  it 
has  been  rasped  by  the  Raspa  or 
Scuffina.  The  Rasiera  has  the  Ralla 
at  one  end,  v.  Ralla  (4),  and  the  Riccio 
at  the  other;  the  Riccio  is  an  edge 
slightly  turned  over  so  that  it  may 
better  bite  the  surface  of  the  wood. 
4.  =  Raspa.  5.  =  Radimadia. 

Rasierare  ;  i>.  Rasiera  (3). 
•Rasiere  m.;=Barbiere,  barber. 

*  Rasile  ;  readily  cleaned  or  scraped. 

t  Rasino  m.  ;  =  Persona  che  lesina,  fa  la  tara  su 
tutto,  stingy  fellow. 

*  Rasmo  ;«.;  =  Rabbia. 

Ras-o;  i.  part.  Radere.  As  sb.  : 
2.  satin.  3.  —  di  lana,  satin-de-laine, 
a  variety  of  kerseymere.  4.  —  turco,  a 
fine  variety  of  —  di  lana. 

As  adj.  :  5.  shaven.  6.  terreno  —  , 
levelled  ground.  7.  Misura  -a,  full 
measure  (of  corn),  as  opposed  to  Colma, 
heaped  up  above  the  brim.  8.  (cam- 
pagna)  -a,  bare.  9.  Nave  -a,  v.  Rasa. 
10.  (Bicchiere)  —  ,  brimfull.  n.  (mar.) 
close,  near  ;  —  al  vento,  near  the  wind  ; 
—  ed  in  vela,  full  and  by. 

•As  sb.:  i.  =Rasura.  ii.  (artill.)  —  dell'  aninia, 
an  imaginary  straight  line  along  the  bottom  of  the 
inner  surface  of  the  gun.  iii.  fully-grown  man.  As 
adj.  :  iv.  Carta  -a,  parchment  v.  (Manto)  —  ,  worn 
out.  As  adv.  '.  vi,  A  —  di,  on  a  level  with.  vii.  (mar.) 
Fino  a  —  d'  acqua,  down  to  the  water-line. 
viii.  Secca  per  —  acqua,  sand-bank  flush  with  the 
level  of  the  water.  As  prep.  :  ix.  =  Rascnte. 

Ras6io  HI.  (bit.  rasorius,  <  L.  radere, 
v.  Radere)  ;  razor.  Attaccarsi  a'  rasoi, 
Jig.  to  lay  hold  of  anything  in  despera- 

rinn         *=  Rac^Vitat^ir* 


tion. 


:  Raschiatoio. 


Af.  Rasoi-accio  pegg.,  -ata  stroke  with  the 
razor  in  shaving,  -etto  or -no  dim.  Z'C-z*.t  -uccio  dim. 
spng. 

*  Rasone  ;  =  Ragione. 

Rasoturco  m. ;  a  kind  of  satinet,  v. 
Raso  (4). 

Raspa/;  i.  rasping-file.  2.  (tot.) 
orchal,  a  lichen,  v.  Oricella. 

t  Raspaio  HI.  ;  =  Raspaticcio. 

Raspamento  m.;  vosb.  of  Raspare. 
t  Raspamdta  ;  clodhopper,  as  a  nickname. 

Raspani  m. •  (bot.)  a  species  of  goosefoot, 
Ckftwpodium  maritiwuHt,  also  termed  Roscani. 


RASPARE— RATTENUTA 


483 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Rasp-are  (O.H.G.  raspon,  to  grate, 
v.  Raspo,  etym.};  \.  to  file  down  ivory, 
wood,  or  stone,  with  a  rasp,  so  that  the 
surface  may  not  shew  marks  of  chisel- 
ling. 2.  of  an  animal,  to  paw  the 
ground ;  of  man,  to  scratch  about  with 
the  fingers,  e.g.  in  searching  among 
small  objects  ;  of  a  hen,  to  scratch, 
usu.  Razzolare.  3.  to  write  badly,  to 
scrawl.  4.  spreg.  to  do  something  silly 
or  useless,  Quando  si  sogna  d'  imitare 
il  nonno  qualcosa  -a,  said  Giusti  of  the 
Grand  Duke  of  Tuscany,  when  he 
imagines  he  is  being  like  his  grand- 
father he  does  some  rotten  thing.  5.  to 
pilfer.  6.  —  in  tempi  torbi,  i.e.  to  fish 
in  troubled  waters.  7.  of  sparkling  or 
acid  wine,  to-rasp  the  throat. 

Baspaticcio  m.;  \.  work  ill  done. 
Some  man  after  building  a  new  but 
ugly  facade  to  his  house,  put  the  letters 

5.  P.  Q.  R.  upon  it,  which  received  the 
translation    Signori,   perdonate   questo 
raspaticcio !     2.    place  showing  marks 
of    scratching    by   hens    or    the    like. 
3.   scrawl,  bad  writing. 

*  Raspat-o  m.  \   wine  made  from  refuse  grapes 
and  pressed  grape-stalks.     Aff.  *  -ino  dim. 

Raspaturay. ;  vbsb.  of  Raspare. 
*Raspeo  /«.;  i.q.  'Raspato. 
RasperellayC;  (hot.)  rough  horsetail,  v.  Coda 

(19,  >>)• 

*  Raspettare  ;  =  Riaspettare. 

tRaspetto  m. \=  Raschiatoio  a  sgorbia,  fluted 
scraper. 

Kaspino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Raspo  (i)  and 
(2).  2.  smoothing  file,  a  silversmith's 
tool  of  which  there  are  several  varieties. 

Rasplo  in. ;  freq.  sb.  of  Raspare. 

Raspo  tit.;  i.  bunch  of  grape-stalks, 
the  grapes  having  been  picked  ofT. 
2.  the  sharp  flavour  belonging  to  grape- 
stalks.  3.  i.q.  Raffio  (2).  4.  a  rake 
used  by  bakers.  5.  (vet.)  mange  in  dogs. 

6.  (hot.)  candytuft,  Iberis,  v.  Porcellana. 

*i.  =  Grappolo,  bunch  of  grapes,     ii.  —  Racimolo. 

Etym.  Germanic  root  hrap,  to  clutch,  whence 
O.H.G.  raiftn  for  •  Va/i/Wn,  =  M.H.G.  rasfea,  to 
gather  hastily  together,  cp.  Ital.  arrappare  (with 
L.  prefix  a,  for  ab\  to  snatch  away,  O.  H.  G.  hresp&n, 
to  pluck,  to  seize,  M.H.G.  rnfpe,  z'.  Kappa,  O.H.G. 
*• raffdn,  >Germ.  raffen,  to  snatch,  and  Ital.  rafno. 

The  various  meanings  now  belonging  to  Raspare 
and  Raspo  are  not  traceable  with  certainty  to  their 
origin  ;  tnat  of  rasping  seems  to  be  from  the  removal 
of  the  material  rasped  off,  mange  from  the  loss  of  the 
hair.  V.  Rapare,  and  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Rasp,  Rap  (2), 
Rape  (i)  and  (3). 

Raspollare  ;  =  Racimolare,  to  glean  grapes. 

Raspollo  ///. ;  small  bunch  of  grapes, 
not  worth  picking. 

*  Rasposo ;  rasping. 

*  Rassaggiare  ;  =  Riassaggiare. 
*Rassal-ire,  -tare  ;  =  Riassal-ire,  -tare. 

Rassaso  adj.  or  sb. ;  evil  spirits  hovering  over 
people,  sung  of  in  the  Ramaiana. 
Rassecurare  ;=  Rassicurare. 


g-are  ind.  rasse"go  (It.  sego) ; 
i.  to  turn  suety,  to  thicken,  of  a  greasy 
liquid,  on  cooling.  2.  part,  -ato,  Jig. 
stale  (news  or  affair).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rasseghlo  m. ;  gravy  or  the  like 
turned  into  fat. 

Rass6gn-a  / ;  i .  (mil.)  parade 
muster.  2.  by  extension,  parade  of 
work-people  generally.  3.  registration 
of  university  students  ;  Prendere  le  -e, 


of  students,  to  send  in  their  names  for 
the  various  courses  ;  Dare  le  -e,  to  give 
permission  to  students  to  enter  their 
names.  4.  i.q.  Rivista,  review. 

Rassegnamento  /-v. :  i.  =  Rassegna. 

2.  =  Rassegnazione. 

Rassegn-are  ind.  rassdgno  (L.  resig- 
nare;  res-  becoming  rass-,  either  from 
a  bit.  **  re-ad-signare  or  under  the  at- 
traction of  other  compounds  formed 
with  L.  ad ;  resignare  is  to  unseal,  < 
re-,  back,  signum,  mark,  v.  Segno)  ; 
i.  to  give  up,  surrender,  resign.  2.  to 
hand  in,  e.g.  documents  into  court. 

3.  to   pass   in  review.     4.    to  declare, 
esp.  at  the  end  of  a  letter,  with  some 
complimentary  expression,  e.g.  Mi   -o 
Suo    divotissimo.      5.    -arsi,    to    enter 
one's  name,  v.  Rassegna  (3). 

Aff.  -atamente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Rassegnatario  m. ;  consignee. 

Rassembrare ;  i.  to  resemble.  2.  to 
liken. 

*  i.  to  imitate,     ii.  =  Raccogliere,  to  collect 

*  Rassemprare  ;  i.  to  copy.     ii.  to  collect. 

Rasseren-are  ind.  rasserdno ;  to 
make  serene  again.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rassestare  ind.  rassesto ;  intens.  or 
repet.  of  Assestare,  to  adjust. 

Rassett-are  ind.  rassetto ;  to  mend, 
correct,  set  in  order. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Rassicurare ;  to  reassure. 

Rassicurazi6ne  /;  i.  reassuring.  2.  reas- 
surance. 

Rassod-are    ind.    rass6do ;     intens. 
Assodare,  to  harden.     Ajf.  -ame'nto. 
Rassodia ;  v.  Rapsodia. 

Rassomigli-are ;  i.  to  resemble. 
2.  to  liken.  Aff.  -anza,  -ativo  expressing 
likeness. 

Rassottigli-are ;  intens.  or  repet.  of 
Assottigliare,  to  make  thin.  Ajf. 
-ame'nto. 

*  Rassumere  ;  =  Riassumere. 
Rastay^;  garden-rake. 

Rastell-are  ind.  rastello;  i.  pop.  for 
Rastrellare.  2.  (mar.)  —  il  fondo,  to 
drag,  e.g.  for  a  lost  anchor.  3.  (herald.) 
part,  -ato,  =  Doppio  merlato,  v.  Merlato. 

Rastelliera/ ;  pop.  for  Rastrelliera. 

Rastell-O  m. ;  i.  pop.  for  Rastrello. 
2.  drag-net,  v.  Rastellare  (2).  3.  in//., 
(mar.)  hammock-lines  or  clothes-lines. 
4.  (herald)  v.  Lambello.  *Far  — ,= 
Far  tabula  rasa.  Aff.  -ma  dim. 

*  Rastia  f. ;  =  Raspa. 

Rasti-are,  -o ;  v.  Raschi-are,  -o. 

Rastidne  m. ;  iron  skimmer  for  re- 
moving the  dross  from  the  surface  of 
molten  bronze. 

Rastrell-are  ind.  rastrello;  i.  to 
rake.  2.  to  skim  (bronze),  v.  Rastione. 
*=Rubare,  to  steal.  Aff.  -ata  quantity 
of  stuff  picked  up  on  a  rake,  -atura 
raking. 

Rastrelliera  /. ;  rack,  stand,  e.g.  for 
hay,  or  for  kitchen  or  other  articles. 


the  simple  -word. 

Rastrello  /«.  (L.  rastellus,  dim.  of 
raster,  a  toothed  hoe,  <  rasus,  part,  of 
radere,  v.  Radere) ;  i.  rake.  2.  port- 
cullis. 3.  i.q.  Rastrelliera,  rack. 

*i.  =  Furto,  theft,     ii.   Menare  il  — ,  to  plunder. 

Rastrem-are  ind.  rastrdmo  (by 
adaptation  from  It.  stremare,  to  di- 
minish) ;  (arch.)  to  reduce  the  diameter 
of  the  shaft  of  a  column  as  it  rises, 
giving  it  a  slightly  conical  shape.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Rastro  m. ;  i.  poet,  for  Rastrello. 
2.  (mus.)  barred  ruler  for  ruling  lines 
for  writing  music. 

*  Rasulo  in.  ;  =  Rasoio,  razor. 

Rasura  /;  i.  scraping.  2.  slight 
cut,  as  in  shaving  oneself.  3.  erasure. 

*  i.  scrapings,  filings,     ii.  =Tonsura,  tonsure. 

Rat-a  f.  (L.  rat  a,  sc.  pars,  <  rear, 
v.  Rato);  i.  instalment.  2.  Per  -e,  = 
L.  pro  raid,  proportionately.  *=Ratta, 
spleen. 

Ratafia  m.  (Fr.,  <  Malay  araq  tafia, 
the  spirit  called  tafia,  where  araq  is 
borrowed  from  Arabic  araq,  arrack) ; 
an  aromatic  liquor. 

Ratania  /"  (Peruvian  word)  ;  rhatany  root,  viz. 
of  the  Krameria  triandria. 
Rateale  adj. ;  v.  Rata. 
Rat£lo  m.;  Cape  badger,  Ratelus  Capensis. 

*  Ratiabi/ioni-  /.   (L.   ratihaliilis)  ;    (leg.)  rati- 
fication. 

•Raticone  (It.  ratio);  (Andar)  — ,  =  Bighelloni, 
listlessly. 

Ratific-are  ind.  ratifico  (bit.,  v.  Rato);  as  E. 
Aff.  -a,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

*Ratilia/  (L.  ratis);  (»/<w.)-Naviglio,  craft. 

*  Ratio  ;  Andar  — ,  i.  to  wander  about,     ii.  to  go 
about  in  search  of. 

*  Ratire  ;=  Rantolare,  to  have  the  death-rattle. 

Ratizzare  (It.  rata);  to  apportion 
the  burden  of  a  payment  either  into 
instalments  or  between  different  per- 
sons. 

Rato  (L.  ratits,  <  rear,  to  think); 
(leg.)  confirmed. 

*  Ratolare  ;  =  Girellare,  Vagolare. 

*  Ratta  f. ;    i.  (arch.)  —  da  piedi,   bottom  of  a 
column ;   —  di  sopra,  its  top.    ii.    inclined  plane, 
tiii.    omentum  of  a  pig.     tiv.    spleen. 

Rattaccare ;  repet.  of  Attaccare,  to 
fasten. 

Rattaccon-are  ind.  rattaccono  ;  to 
put  new  heels  (to  boots).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rattarnente;  swiftly. 

*  Rattarpare  ;  =  Rattrappare,  to  get  stiff. 
Rattavello  ;«.;  glass-worker's  rake  for  stirring 

the  frit. 

Rattemperare  ind.  rattempero;  to 
moderate. 

•Rattendere  ;  =  Aspettare,  to  expect. 

Rattene're  idfi.  rattengo  rattidni... 
rattenghiamo  rattene'te  rattengono,^;/ 
rattdnni  rattent$sti,  part,  rattenuto;  i.  to 
hold  back.  2.  to  retain  in  the  memory. 

Rattenimento  m. ;  restraint. 

Rattenitiva  /;  retentiveness  of 
memory. 

•Rattento  m. ;  Senza  — ,  unhindered,  D.  Inf.  9. 
69. 

Rattenuta  A  ;  i.  i.q.  Rattenimento. 
2.  pop.  for  Trattenuta,  detention,  usu. 
Ritenuta;  —  sullo  stipendio,  deduction 
61— 2 


484 


RATTENZIONE— RAZZA 

For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


from  a  salary.  3.  (agric.\  obstruction 
placed  in  a  ditch  for  catching  silt  to  be 
used  as  manure.  4.  reservoir. 

Rattenzidne  f. ;  retention. 

Eattepidire ;  v.  Rattiepidire. 

Rattest-are  ind.  rattesto ;  to  re- 
unite. *-arsi,  to  reassemble. 

Ratt^zza/ ;  swiftness.    *  steepness. 

Rattiepid-ire,  Rattepid-ire  ind. 
-isco;  to  cool. 

Rattin-a  /  (French,  further  etym. 
unkn.)\  ratteen,  a  thick  woollen  stuff 
with  the  outer  surface  made  up  into 
short  rough  curls.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -atura. 

Rattivare;  pop.  for  Riattivare. 

*  Rattivo  ;  rapacious. 

Rattizzare ;  repel.  Attizzare,  to  stir 
the  fire. 

Ratto  in.  (A)  (L.  raptus) ;  i.  rapine, 
esp.  carrying  off  women.  2.  religious 
ecstasy. 

(B)  (Germanic,  v.  Skeat,  sub   Rat, 
and  infra,  Rodere;  the  word,  like  the 
animal,  is  unknown  in  ancient  literature); 
i.  =  Topp,  rat.     2.  (mar.}  " lizard,"  rope 
fitted  with  a  thimble  at  one  end  and 
serving  as  a  fairleader ;  —  di  demezzo, 
bunt-line  lizard. 

(C)  (L.  rapidus,v.  Rapido);  I.  swift, 
or  as  adv.,  swiftly.    2.  as  sb.,  rapid,  in  a 
river. . 

*i.  =  Tosto,  soon.    ii.  =  Ripido. 
(D) ;  poet,  for  Rapito. 

Rattopp-are  ind.  ratt6ppo  (It.  top- 
pa)  ;  to  mend. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atura. 

Rattorbarsi  ind.  si  rattorba  (It. 
torbo) ;  of  the  weather,  to  be  threatening. 

Ratt6rcere ;  in/ens.  Attorcere,  to 
twist. 

•Rattorew.;  i.  extortioner,     ii.  =Rapitore. 

Rattbrto ;  part.  Rattorcere. 
Rattorzolarsi ;  of  a  grub,  to  curl  up. 

Etym.  Either  <  It.  torzo,  for  torso,  y.z>.,  with 
prefix  re-,  ad-,  or  <  L.  torqveo,  through  some  freg. 
form  **  re-ad-tortioltire. 

•Rattraimento  m. ;  i.  vtit.  of  Rattrarre.  ii.  = 
Rispingimento. 

Rattralci-are ;  to  raise  the  young 
shoots,  Tralci,  of  a  vine,  so  as  to  give 
them  light  and  air.  Aff.  -atura. 

Rattrapp-irsi  ind.  -isco  (Rattrap- 
parsi) ;  to  have  the  limbs  contracted 
and  paralysed,  whether  from  disease  or 
some  temporary  cause.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  trappA^  a  noose,  or  else  trappe, 
:i  step  ;  the  corresponding  A.S.  word  to  the  latter 
meant  "trap,"  v.  Skeat,  sub  Trap;  in  any  case  the 
notion  of  paralysis  comes  from  the  inability  of  a 
trapped  animal  to  move.  I'.  Trappola. 

Rattr-arre  ind.  -aggo,  v.  Trarre, 
intr.,  or  as  refl.  -arsi ;  to  be  contracted 
by  paralysis,  the  same  as  Rattrappirsi. 
*tr.  to  draw  back. 

Rattrist-are ;  to  sadden.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Rattrist-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  depress, 
as  by  bad  weather. 
*  Rattura  f. ;  =  Rapimento. 


Raucamente  :  hoarsely. 
Rauc£dine  /  ;  hoarseness,     t  =  Ca- 
ligine,  mist. 

Raucp  (L.,  var.  of  ravicus;  root 
rfit,  imit.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rumour)  ; 
hoarse. 

*  Raugeo  (<  Raugia,  a  former  name  of  Ragusa, 
therefore    lit.     Ragusan) ;    usurious.      t  —  Camnrro, 
Cattivo. 

*  Raugunare;  =  Ragunare,  to  unite. 
Raumiliare ;  intrns.  Umiliare. 

Raun-are  ind.  raiino ;  i.q.  Radunare, 
to  collect.  Aff.  -ata. 

*  Rauncinato  ;  hooked  at  the  end. 

*  Ravacciuolo  ;«. ;  i.  ~  Raveggiolo.    ii.  -  Rnvaz. 
zuolo. 

Ravaglidne  (Rovaglione)  m.  (prob. 
metathesis  of  Variolone) ;  (med. )  chicken- 
pox,  v.  Varicella. 

Ravagna  /. ;  a  variety  of  flax. 

*  Ravaio  ;«. ;  a  kind  of  spear. 

Ravan^llo  m.  (for  Rafanello,  dim. 
of  Rafano,  y.v.);  i.  =  Ramolaccio,  white 
radish.  2.  fig.  tall,  awkward  fellow. 
3.  -  venuto  per  1"  asciutto,  short 
person,  lit.  dry-weather  radish. 

Ravanese  in. ;=Gran  grosso,  spelt. 

Ravan6to  »/. ;  gully  in  a  marble 
quarry,  whether  used  as  a  tipping- 
ground  for  waste,  or  as  a  place  into 
which  blocks  of  marble  are  shot  for 
loading. 

*  Ravano  m. ;  =  Ravanello. 

Ravastrello  m.  ;  (<W.)  i.  =Baccherone,  sea- 
rocket.  2.  wild  radish,  v.  Rafano  (3). 

Ravastr6ne  m.\  (£0r".)=Barbabietola,  beetroot. 

Ravazzuilo,  Ravezzu61o  or  Ravacci61o  in. 
{dim.  **  Rava,  <  Rapa)  ;  (bot. )  —  Broccolo,  flower- 
stalk  of  a  turnip. 

t  Rave./;  =  Rupe,  Scoscendimento. 

Raveggiblo,  Raviggidlo  m.  (etym. 
dub.') ;  a  kind  of  soft  cheese,  rather  like 
butter,  made  from  goats'  or  sheep's  milk. 

Rav6nna/;  i.  the  city.  2.  Cercar 
Maria  per  — ,  v.  Cercare  (5).  3.  Bambin 
di  — ,  cunning  fellow,  in  contrast  to 
Bambolone  di  Lucca. 

*  Ravere  ;  =  Riavere. 

Raveruschio,  Raverusto  (Raversuto,  Ravi- 
rusto)  in.  (corr.  of  L.  labntsca,  wild  vine) ;  a  sweet 
variety  of  the  wild  vine. 

*  Ravezzuolo  ;  r>.  Ravazzuolo. 

Ravi  m.pl. ;  in  quarrying,  worthless 
rock  requiring  removal. 

Raviggidlo  ;  TJ.  Raveggiolo. 

Raviblo  m.  (prob.  <  bit.  rabiolae, 
some  kind  of  sweetmeat);  a  kind  of 
meat  patty. 

*  Ravirusto  ;  T.  Raveruschio. 

Ravizz6ne  (Ravizzo)  m.  (dim.  of 
**  Rava,  <  Rapa) ;  (bot.)  winter  rape, 
Brassica  napus,  also  termed  Rapac- 
cione,  Rapazzuolo. 

*  Ravo  (L.  raws,  akin  to  A.S.  ffrafg,  >  E.  gray) ; 
dark  yellow. 

Rawalorare  ind.  ravvaloro ;  intens. 
Avvalorare,  to  strengthen. 

Rawed-6re  ptrf.  ravvidi,  part,  rav- 
veduto  or  ravvisto ;  -ersi,  to  reflect  upon 
the  error  of  one's  ways  and  repent. 

*i.  tr.  to  bring  to  repentance,  ii.  -ersi,  to  per- 
ceive.  Aff.  -imento. 

*  Ravvenare  ind.  ravveno  (It.  vena);  of  a  spring, 
to  flow  again. 


Rawersare  ind.  ravverso  (L.  re-, 
ad,  versus,  perhaps  through  a  form 
** readversare,  cp.  Sversato  and  Verso, 
15);  to  put  tidy. 

Rawi-are  ind.  ravvi'o;  i.  to  put 
tidy;  —  una  matassa,  to  get  a  skein 
disentangled  ;  —  un  negozio,  to  get  the 
affairs  of  a  business  straight  again. 
2.  -arsi,  to  put  oneself  or  one's  dress 
straight.  3.  to  gather  together,  e.g. 
hay  or  the  stones  in  a  field.  4.  to 
recommence.  5.  part,  -ato,  tidy.  *-arsi, 
to  resume  one's  journey. 

Rawiat-a  /;  doing  one's  hair. 
Ajff.  -ina  dim. 

Ravviatino  w. ;  neat  little  person. 
Ravvi-atbre  m.,  -atdrayl;  vbst's.  of -are. 

Rawicin-are  ind.  ravvicino;  i.  to 
bring  near,  or  together,  again.  2.  fig. 
to  reconcile.  Aff.  -ameiito. 

*  Ravvilire  ;  i.  to  discourage,     ii.    —  il  prezzo, 
to  lower  the  price. 

Ravvilupp-are  intens.  Avvilupare ; 
to  entangle,  -arsi,  of  snakes,  to  be 
wrapped  in  each  other's  coils.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Ravvincid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  intens. 
Avvincidire,  to  become  flabby. 

*  Ravvinto  ;  chained  up. 

*  Ra vvio  nt.  •  love-affair. 

RawiS-are  ind.  ravvfso ;  to  recog- 
nise. Aff.  -abile. 

tRavvisolare  ;=  Rinvivire,  to  revive. 

Ravvisto ;  part.  Ravvedere. 

Ravviv-are ;  to  re vi  ve.  Aff.  -am£n  to, 
•atore,  -atrice. 

Raw61g-ere  perf.  ravvolsi,  part. 
ravvolto ;  i.  intens.  of  Involgere  or 
Avvolgere,  to  wrap  up.  2.  -ersi  in  un 
sacco,  i.e.  to  become  a  monk.  3.  Nel 
parlare  si  -e  spesso,  he  often  gets  con- 
fused in  speaking.  4.  Camminar  rav- 
volto, =  Barellare,  to  stagger. 

*  i.  -ersi  pers.  —  Aggirarsi,  to  move  about,  travel 
about,     ii.  of  wine,  to  go  bad.     iii.  Gambe  ravvolte, 
distorted  legs. 

Ravvolgim^nto  >//. ;  convolution, 
coil. 

*  Ravvolto  >».',=•  Rinvolto,  bundle. 

Rawoltolare  ind.  ravv61tolo  (freq. 
Ravvolgere) ;  to  wrap  up  completely. 

Raziocin-are  ind.  razioci'no  ;  to 
reason.  Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Raziocfnio  m. ;  i.  reasoning.  2. 
thinking;  Uomo  che  non  ha  — ,  man 
who  never  uses  his  brains. 

*  Razionabile  ;   Effetto  — ,  product  of  reason, 
D.   Par.  26.   127. 

Rationale  (L.)  ;  i.  rational.  2.  Veste  — ,  or 
asf£.,  — ,  "rational,"  i.e.  (a)  the  breast-plate  of  the 
Jewish  High  Priest,  (/>)  pectoral  worn  by  a  bishop. 
In  sense  (2),  the  origin  of  the  term  is  a  mistaken 
rendering  in  the  Vulgate  of  the  Gr.  AoyeioK  r^« 
(cpt<r«(i>«,  Ex.  28.  26,  the  oracular  breast-plate  of  the 
Jewish  High  Priest. 

Razional-ismo,  -ista,  -ita,  -mente;  as  E. 

Razidne./;  ration,  allowance. 

Razza  f.;  \.  race,  all  the  descend- 
ants of  a  family.  2.  breed,  class  of 
animals ;  also  by  extension,  of  plants. 
3.  Far  — ,  (a)  of  animals,  to  breed, 


RAZZA— REBOANTE 


485 


(b)  Jig.    in    play,    to    begin    winning, 

(c)  Far    —    da    se,   to    prefer    living 
alone. 

Etym.  ditb.  Cogit.  Fr.  racet  Proven9-  and 
Span.  raza,  Poring,  retfei.  The  fact  that  no  word 
of  the  group  appears  earlier  than  the  latter  part  of 
the  Middle  Ages  excludes  immediate  derivation 
either  from  O.H.G.  or  from  Latin.  Three  suggestions 
then  remain  open:  (i)  Slavonic  (regarded  as  possible 
by  Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetter,  Diet,  franc.,  "Race, 
<  It.  razza,  d'origine  incertaine,  peut-etre  stave"), 
772.  <  the  Slavonic  word  raz,  translated  by  K&rtjng 
as  Schlag,  Gefrage,  Gattung,  ~  imprint,  species. 
(2)  Korting,  objecting  to  this  because  the  z  in  rets  is 
soft,  considers  Fr.  race  to  be  "presumably  a  verbal 
substantive  <  racer,  <  **  raptiare  (cp,  chasser,  < 
**captiare),  to  cultivate  a  breed  of  hawks,  hence  to 
be  a  breeder,  generally."  (3)  Pianigiani,  quoting 
the  middle  Italian  form  Ragia,  inclines  to  an  Arabic 
source,  rfz.  rfis,  =origin,  beginning,  so  that  the 
introduction  of  the  word  into  Kurupe  would  be  from 
the  Spaniards.  C/.  Skeat,  sub  Race. 

Razza  /  (A)  (L.  rota,  prob.  < 
** radia,  and  so  aki n  to  radius  ^  if. 
Radice) ;  ray  (fish). 

Species:  i.  —  baraccola,  spotted  ray,  Raia 
miraletits,  locally  termed  Baraccola,  Miragliet, 
Pigara  quattrocchi,  Quattrocci.  2.  —  bavosa,  com- 
mon skate,  Laeviraia  macror/tynchus,  locally  termed 
Moro.  3.  —  macchiettata,  spotted  skate,  Rtiia 
inaculata,  locally  termed  Cardalra.  4.  —  monaca, 
sharp-nosed  ray,  or  white  skate,  Laeviraia  oxy~ 
rkynchus,  locally  termed  Arzilla  monaca,  Bavosa, 
Moccosa,  Moro,  Pigara  scapiicina,  Raia  monaca. 
5.  —  di  scoglio,  thornback,  v.  Arrilla  (2). 

(B)  (L.  radius^  v.  Raggio);  i.  spoke 
of  a  wheel.  2.  (arch.}  =  Monachino, 
strut.  3.  —  da  mulino,  the  radiating 
timbers  supporting  a  windmill. 

Razzacciay!;  fegg.  Razza. 
tRazzaia/I;  strip  of  sandy  or  gravelly  ground. 

Razzaio  (A)  (It.  razza)  ;  Ulivo  —  ,  a  variety  of 
olive-tree,  with  narrow  leaves  and  small  black  fruit. 
(B)  sb.  (It.  razzo)  ;  fire  work -maker. 

*  Razzamaglia  ;  v.  Ra/zumaglia. 

Razz-are  (A)  (It.  razza,  B);  I.  to 
tie  up  one  of  the  spokes  of  a  wheel 
when  going  down  hill.  2.  -arsi,  of  the 
skin,  to  have  streaks  of  inflammation. 
3.  Drappo  -ato,  cloth  marked  with 
radiating  stripes. 

*i.  to  shine,  ii.  tr.  to  shine  upon.  iii.  =  Rasen- 
tare,  to  go  near.  iv.  to  trim  up  the  place  in  a  t/ee 
where  a  branch  has  been  cut  off. 

*(B)  (perhaps  <  **  raditire,  to  make  marks  with 
a  stick,  <  L.  radius,  i'.  Raggio) ;  =  Raspare,  to  paw 
the  ground. 

Razzatura  /.',  i.  streak  of  inflammation. 
2.  pruning. 

*  Razzeggiare  ;  =  Raggiare,  to  shine. 

*  Razzente  ;  sparkling  (wine). 

*  Razzeria  f. ;  tapestry,  v.  Arazzo. 

*  Razzeruola  /.  ;  =  IJazzerola,  azarole  plum. 

n  _  •  i •    — .     r  »  : : ...: 


Razzese  m. ;  a  variety  of  Ligurian  wine. 
Raz; 
channels. 


icty  01  L  _ 

Razzett-a./;    Far   le  -e,  to  clear  the  water- 
inels. 
Razz-etto,  -ettino;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  -o. 

Razzi-a  f.  (Algerian,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
vof.) ;  raid.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Razzierayi;  machine  for  firing  rockets. 

*  Razzimare  ;  intens.  Azzimare,  to  deck  out. 
Razzina/. ;  dim.  iron.  Kazza. 

tRazzinaia/.  or  Razzineto  in. ; -=  Razzaia. 
tRazzinaio  HI.  ;  place  all  thorns  and  ruins. 

Razzo   /«.    (vnr.    of   Raggio,   q.-v.) ; 

1.  rocket,  orig.  the  stick  of  the  rocket. 

2.  =  Razza,  spoke. 

*i.  =  Raggio,   ray.      ii.  =  Lancetta,    hand    of   a 
clock,     iii.  name  of  a  variety  of  olive,  i>.  Ra/zaio. 

*  Razzo  ;//. ;  short  for  Arazzo,  tapestry. 

Razzola  f. ;  a  kind  of  rasp. 

Razzol-are  ind.  razzolo  (dim.  of 
•Razzare) ;  r.  of  fowls,  to  scratch ; 
Predicar  bene  e  —  male,  not  to  prac- 
tise what  you  preach,  lit.  to  preach 


For  the  derivation  of  compottnds  beginning  with  R  see 

well  and  do  mischief  like  fowls  scratch- 
ing ;  the  full  phrase  is  Far  come  il 
Padre  Zappata,  che  predicava  bene  e 
razzolava  male.  2.  to  rummage  about 
in  search  of  something;  —  il  cervello, 
=  Lambiccarsi  il  cervello,  to  puzzle 
one's  brains.  3.  tr.  or  intr.,  to  weed, 
to  hoe.  4.  to  stir  (the  fire).  5.  Cita- 
zioni  -ate  qua  e  la,  quotations  hunted 
out  from  one  place  and  another. 

tof  an  animal,  =  Stropicciarsi,  to  scratch  itself. 
Ajf.  -ata,  -atore,  -atora,  -atura,  -iofreq.  sb. 

Razzuffarsi ;  repel.  Azzuffarsi,  to 
scuffle. 

Razzumaglia  ( Razzamaglia)/(.f/;-^. 
<  It.  **razzame,  <  Razzare,  to  paw  the 
ground) ;  rabble,  lot  of  cads,  lit.  lot  of 
rubbish. 

"  Razzuolo  tn. :  i.  dim.  Razzo,  spoke,     ii.  short 
vine-shoot. 

Re-  or  Ri-,  prefix  (L.  re-  or  red-) ; 
i.  back,  as  in  Reprimere.  This  is  the 
primary  meaning,  of  which  the  following 
are  developments.  2.  again,  which  is 
the  usual  force  of  the  prefix  in  Italian 
as  in  English,  as  Rifare.  3.  anew,  as 
Ristaurare.  4.  in  return,  as  Riamare. 
5.  reversively,  as  Riprovare.  6.  safely, 
in  the  right  place,  as  Riporre.  7.  in- 
tensively, as  Rectdere.  8.  against,  as 
Riluttare.  9.  When  occurring  as  Ra- 
the a  is<L.  ad.  Re-ad-praesentare> 
Rappresentare. 

R6  m.  (L.  rex,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Regal, 
Regent,  Rich,  Right) ;  i.  king.  2.  (her- 
ald.) --  d'  armi,  king-at-arms,  chief 
officer  of  the  Herald's  College  or 
heraldic  department  of  any  Court. 
3.  (ornith.)  —  degli  eider,  king-duck, 
Anas  spectabilis,  also  termed  Edredone 
elegante.  4.  —  di  macchia,  wren,  lit. 
hedge-king,  so  called  from  its  crest, 
thought  to  resemble  a  crown,  Troglo- 
dytes parviilus,  also  termed  Bucafratte, 
Foramacchie,  Forasiepe,  Forapaglie, 
Scricciolo,  Reattino,  Recacca,  Reccaca, 
Regillo,  Reguto,  Reillo,  Re  mischino; 
the  last  seven  are  dims.,  akin  to  rex; 
cp.  also  the  E.  name  of  "kinglet"  for  the 
golden-crested  wren,  Fr.  roitelet  (<  old 
Fr.  roitel,  dim.  of  roi),  Gr.  /3aeri'Xirr«or, 
dim.  of  ftacriXevs,  L.  regulus,  lit.  kinglet, 
some  species  of  wren,  Germ.  Zaun- 
konig;  see  also  infra,  Regolo.  5.  - 
di  quaglie,  land-rail,  Crex  pratensis, 
also  termed  Gallinella  terrestre,  Gri- 
setta,  Ortigometra,  Scopaiola,  Tordo 
gelsomino.  6.  —  degli  ortolani,  black- 
headed  bunting,  Enspiza  melano- 
cephala,  also  termed  Zigolo  capinero, 
Ortolano  a  testa  nera.  7.  —  dei  ci- 
prini,  a  species  of  carp,  Cyprians 
specularis. 

Re ;  (wwi.)  D  of  the  German  notation  ;  for 
derivation,  v.  Do. 

Reag-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  react. 

•  Realdire  (A)  ;  (teg.)  to  rehear.    (B)  (r/.  Aldia) ; 
to  rehabilitate  a  person,  restore  him  to  his  rights. 

Real-e  (A);  i.  royal;  I  -i,  the  royal 
family ;  La  donna  — ,  or  La  real  donna, 
the  Queen ;  Alia  — ,  royally.  2.  Carta 
— ,  the  finest  description  of  paper. 


the  simple  word. 

3.  fig.  Esser  carta  — ,  or  Essere  mer- 
canzia  — ,  to  mean  exactly  what  one 
says  ;  Badate,  io  sono  mercanzia  —  e 
dico  come  la  intendo,  now  mind  I  am 
being  quite  frank,  and  what  I  say  I 
mean.  The  word  is  also  used  as  an 
adverb  for  Sincerely.  4.  Fiume  — , 
river  which  falls  into  the  sea.  5.  of 
certain  animals,  thoroughbred,  genuine  ; 
German!  -i,  genuine  wild  ducks ;  Lodole, 
Passere  -i,  genuine  larks,  or  sparrows, 
cp.  Passera  (A,  i);  Un  cane  di  Terra- 
nuova  — ,  a  thoroughbred  Newfound- 
land dog.  6.  (arch.)  Volta  — ,  vault, 
constructed  of  bricks  laid  upright,  as 
opposed  to  volterrana,  in  which  they 
are  laid  on  the  flat.  7.  Pasta  — , 
cheese-cake,  also  termed  Pasta  regina 
or  Margherita,  or  Bocca  di  dama. 

*i.  Strada  — ,  =  Strada  maestra,  high  road. 
ii.  (hot.)  Pianta  — ,  plant  whose  fruit  is  shaped  at 
the  top  like  a  crown,  iii.  as  sb. ,  the  royal  flag. 

(B)  i.  real.    2.  (leg.)  real  as  opposed 
to  personal ;  Tassa  — ,  tax  on  property  ; 
Azione  — ,  action  relating  to  property; 
Offesa  — ,  injury  to  property. 

Etym.  In  sense  (A),  <  L.  regalis,  <  re jr,  king ; 
in  sense  (B),  <  mlt.  realis,  <  L.  res,  thing,  but  the 
separation  of  some  of  the  meanings  is  uncertain  ;  of 
those  attributed  above  to  (A)  a  certain  number  seem 
equally  well  attributable  to  (B). 

(C)  As  s6.  m.;  Spanish  real  of  gold  or  silver,  the 
silver  real  was  worth  about  z\d. 

Realgar  tn. ',  realgar,  native  sulphuret  of  arsenic. 

Etynt.  Span.  rfjalgarl  <  Arabic  rnftj  al-gktir, 
powder  of  the  mine,  <  Arabic  rakj,  powder,  at,  the, 
ffhar,  cavern,  mine. 

Real-ismo  m.\  as  E.  -ista ;  royalist  or  realist. 
-istico,  -izzare;  as  E.  -mente  ;  royally  or 
really,  -ta ;  reality. 

Reame  (Ream,  Reamo)  m.  (It.  re, 
king);  realm,  esp.  that  of  Naples. 
Rearaente ;  wickedly,  v.  Reo. 

Reas  m. ;  (hot.*)  field-poppy,  v.  Papavero. 
Reato  tti.  (I..,  v.  Reo)  ;  crime. 

Reattino  m,  (for  re-ettino,  as  sub- 
dim,  of  Re) ;  i.  wren,  v.  Re  (4).  2.  fire- 
crested  wren,  v.  Fiorrancino. 

Reattivo;  reactive. 

Reazi6n-e  /  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ario. 

1  Rebadocchino  m.;  an  old  piece  of  artillery. 

Rebbi-are  ind.  re'bbio ;  properly  to 
strike  with  the  prong  of  a  fork,  hence 
generally  =  Bastonare,  to  thrash.  Reb- 
bia !  as  an  interjection.  Appena  lo 
vide,  rebbia !  comincio  a  bastonarlo, 
directly  he  saw  him,  oh  !  didn't  he 
begin  to  thrash  him  !  Ajf.  -ata. 

*  Rebbicone  ;//. ;  v.  Ribeca. 

R£bbio  m. ;  prong  of  a  fork,  whether 
a  hay-fork  or  fork  for  eating,  t  =Bas- 
tone. 

Etym.  CagH.  Span,  rrjo,  point,  prickle.  Akin 
to  O.H.G.  rijffe't,  a  fork,  a  comb  with  iron  teeth,  by 
means  of  an  older  form  **ripil,  **ripf>il,  inferred 
from  middle  Dutch  reflex,  reppen,  corresponding  to 
E.  ripple,  and  an  older  word  ripplen,  >  Germ,  rifleln, 
to  comb  flax,  i.e.  to  separate  the  seeds  with  the 
flax-brake,  cp.  A.S.  ri>paH,>K.  reap;  all  from  the 
same  origin  as  middle  Fr.  rijler,  >  E.  to  rifle  ;  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Ripple  (i),  to  pluck  the  seeds  from  the 
flax-stalks. 

Rebecchfno,  Rebechlno  m.;  low-class  inn, 
so  termed  from  an  inn  formerly  at  Milan  with  a 
Rebeca,  -  Kibeca,  for  its  sign. 

Rebnante  i  1..  boare,  to  roar;  a  word 
borrowed  from  Gr.  /3on<a,  to  make  a 
noise) ;  spreg.  sonorous,  bombastic. 


486 


REBOATO— REDIGERE 


Reboato  m. ;  a  deep  sound  echoed 
back. 


Rebuffo  in. ;  (mar.)  manoeuvre  exe- 
cuted in  reverse  order,  e.g.  landing  the 
whole  of  a  warp,  and  then  bringing 
back  the  end  of  it  on  to  the  ship  which 
is  to  be  warped  in. 

Rebus  m.  indecl.  (ablative  //.  of  L. 
res) ;  puzzle-picture,  where  a  word  is  to 
be  guessed  from  the  drawings. 

Rebussistico  ;  scherz.  puzzle-headed  (politics). 
•Rebutto  m.;  ousel. 
tRecacca  m. ;  wren,  v.  Re  (4). 

*  Recadia/;;  =  Ricadia,  ennui. 

*  Recagnare;  —  il  yiso,  to  put  on  a  sneer. 
Recalcilrare  ;  =  Ricalcitrare. 

*  Recamo,  Richamo  ///.  (L.  rcchamus,  a  word 
occurring  but  once,  in  Vitruvius)  ;  block  or  system 
of  pullies. 

Recanalese ;  of  Recanati,  in  the  Marches.  11 
— ,  Leopardi,  the  poet. 

Recapitare;  i.q.  Ricapitare. 

Recapilulare  ;  i.q.  Ricapitulare. 

*  Recappare  ;  =  Trascegliere,  to  sort  oul. 

Rec-are  ind.  reco,  -hi  (O.H.G.  rec- 
chen,  to  extend,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rack, 
no.  i);  i.  to  fetch.  2.  to  bring. 
3.  prov.  Diavol  -a  e  diavol  porta,  i.e. 
light  come,  light  go.  4.  to  bring 
about.  5.  to  render,  to  translate. 
6.  to  attribute,  ascribe.  7.  -arsi,  to 
betake  oneself. 

Phrases:  8.  --la  cagione,  to  im- 
pute. 9.  —  ad  effetto,  to  carry  out. 
10.  —  a  fine,  to  complete.  11.  —  in- 
nanzi,  to  represent.  12.  -aria  a  oro,  to 
come  to  the  point.  13.  --  relazione, 
to  give  an  account  of.  14.  —  a  stretto, 
to  unite. 

Phrases  with  Recarsi :  1 5.  —  adosso, 
to  take  upon  oneself.  16.  —  in  braccio, 
take  into  one's  arms.  17.  —  in  collo, 
take  upon  one's  shoulders.  18.  —  a 
cuore,  to  take  to  heart.  19.  -  -  in 
guardia,  to  put  oneself  upon  one's 
guard.  20.  —  ad  ingiuria,  to  be  of- 
fended at.  21.  —  a  male,  to  take  ill. 
22.  ---  le  mani  in  petto,  to  examine 
one's  conscience.  23.  —  a  mente,  to 
remember.  24.  —  a  noia,  to  find  it 
wearisome.  25.  —  ad  onore,  to  count 
it  an  honour.  26.  —  sopra  di  se,  or 
in  se  stesso,  to  reflect  within  oneself. 

Recatto  ;«.  ;  =  Ricatto,  ransom. 

tReccaca  m.  (bit.  regaculuw)  ;  wren,  v.  Re  (4). 

•Recchiayl;  i.  =  Orecchia,  ear.     tii.  — de  mar, 
=  Orecchiale,  ear-sheli. 

tRecchiarella./;  ewe  that  has  not  lambed. 

Etym.  Dim.  of  **  Recchia(<-/t.  Vecchiarella,  < 
vecchia),  <  O.H.G.  rfli,  >  M.H.G.  reck,  >  Germ. 
Kek,  roe-deer. 

*  Recchi-ala./,  *  -one  m.\  blow  on  the  ear. 
Reced-ere  perf.  -ei  or  -etti,  part,  -uto ;  as  E. 

Aff.  -imento. 

*  Recelare  ;  to  hide. 

Recens-ioneyl;  i.  as  E.  2.  review.  -6re  m.\ 
reviewer. 

Recenl-e,  -emenle;  as  E.  Etym.  L.;  *ent- 
is  a  L.  stem  allied  to  Russian  po-ckin-atet  to  begin 
again,  old  Irish  ret,  first,  and  to  Gr.  Kaico?,  new. 

Recere  ind.  recio  reci,  perf.  rec-^i 
-dsti  -c£  or  -ette,  perf.  reciuto  (L. 
reiclre,  <  re,  back,  jactre,  to  throw) ; 
to  vomit.  A  capo  reci,  head  down- 
wards. Baco  reciuto,  melon,  sickly 
person. 

Recesso  tn.',  i.  recess.     2.  recession.     3.  (mar.) 


for  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

Reclame,  Reclam/  (French);  ad- 
vertisement. Uomo-reclame,  sandwich- 
board  man. 


"slip"  (of  a  steamer's  screw),  the  difference  between 
the  distance  travelled  with  one  revolution  of  the 
screw  and  the  distance  which  would  have  been 
travelled  if  the  screw  had  been  moving  in  the  groove 
of  a  rigid  body. 

'  Recettare  ;=  Ricettare. 
Recettivo ;  receptive. 

Recezi6ne  f.\  admission  (into  an  office  or 
order). 

*Recherere  ;—  Richiedere,  to  require. 

*  Rechinare  ;=  Inchinare. 
Reci ;  7<.  Recere. 

Recld-ere  (Ricidere)  perf.  recisi, 
part,  reciso  (L.  re-,  caedere,  to  strike); 

1.  to   cut,   cut   off,   cut   down.      2.    to 
plough  for  the  second  time.     3.  — ,  or 
-ersi,  of  the  skin  or  of  a  piece  of  stuff, 
to   crack,  to   rip.      4.   part,    reciso,  v. 
infra  in  loco. 

*  i.  =  Uccidere,  to  kill.     ii.  to  cut  short. 

*  Recidilura/;;  i.  =Tagliaturair.  traverso.    ii.  = 
Intaccatura,  slight  injury,     iii.  fold  of  the  skin  when 
the  body  is  bent. 

Recidiv-a/  (L.,<re-,  back,  caderc, 
to  fall);  i.  (»tcd.)  relapse.  2.  repetition 
of  an  offence.  Aff.  -are  vb.,  -o  adj.,  -ita. 

Recingere  ;  v.  Ricingere. 

Recinto  m. ;    i.  enclosure,  precinct. 

2.  enclosing  wall,  hedge,  or  fortification, 
enceinte.      3.    (arch.)    (a)   construction 
girdling  the  lower  part  of  a  building, 
strengthening  its  foundations,  (6)  cor- 
nices strengthening  the  top. 

Recipe  (Latinism) ;  prescription,  as  in  E. 

Recipiente ;  i.  capable,  suitable, 
adequate ;  Te  Ii  presto  volontieri, 
guarda  tu  se  sono  — ,  I  will  lend  them 
to  you  with  pleasure,  see  what  a  useful 
person  I  am  !  (Pentola)  poco  — ,  not 
big  enough ;  Cotest'  abito  non  £  piu  — , 
that  coat  is  not  fit  to  be  seen  any  more. 
2.  as  adv.,  decently.  3.  as  sb.,  vessel ; 
—  fiorentino,  Florentine  flask,  for  dis- 
tilling essences. 

Reciproc-amente,  -anza,  -are,  -azi6ne, 
-ita,  -o;  as  E.  (L.  reciprocus,  lit.  directed  forwards 
and  backwards,  <  L.  **  rC'Ce,  backwards,  <  re,  back, 
and  **PHKO,  forwards,  > procul,  far  off.) 

Recisa  /  ;  a  cut. 

*t.  —  di  parole,  short,  sharp  speech,  ii.  mark  of 
an  injury,  iii.  short  cut.  iv.  Alia  — ,  (a)  by  a 
short  cut,  (fi)  in  a  sorry  fashion,  (c)  without  inter- 
mission, (d)  confusedly,  (e)  regardlessly. 

Recisame'nte ;  i.  shortly  and  sharply. 
2.  with  precision. 

Recisioneyl;  vb$l>.  of  Recidere. 

Reciso ;  part.  Recidere.  As  adj. : 
i.  short  (hair).  2.  decided,  uncom- 
promising (opposition).  3.  curt.  4.  of 
a  stuff,  burst  in  the  seams  or  folds. 
5.  interrupted.  6.  as  adv.,  decidedly, 
definitely,  tas  sb.,  chopped  straw. 

Recit-a  f. ;  (theal.)  performance. 
Aff.  -abile,  -ante  actor. 

Recit-are  ind.  recito ;  i.  to  recite.     2.  to  play 
(a  part).     Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atdra,  -atrice,  -azidne. 
Reci-liccio  in.;  vomit,     -ulo  ;  part.  Recere. 
tRecitiva  ;  =  Recidiva. 

Reclam-are ;  i.  to  lodge  a  com- 
plaint. 2.  to  demand.  3.  Quel  pacco 
mandate  a  Pistoia,  lo  -ai  qui  a  Milano, 
as  regards  the  parcel  sent  to  Pistoia, 
I  had  it  sent  back  here  to  Milan.  4.  fig. 
Failure  che  da  tan  to  tempo  -ano  sistem- 
azione,  papers  which  have  been  wanting 
arrangement  for  such  a  long  time. 


Reclamow/.;  i.  complaint.  ?.(mar.) 
—  per  ricupero,  salvage  claim. 

Reclin-are  ;  to  rest.     Aff.  *-atorio  couch. 

Reclus-i6ne/ ;  as  E.  -o  m. ;  prisoner. 
-6rio  m. ;  prison. 

Reclut-a  /;  i.  recruit.  2.  extra 
supply.  3.  =  Raccolta,  collection.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -are  vb. 

Etym.  In  the  military  sense  these  words  are 
no  doubt  borrowed  from  French,  for  derivation  of 
which  v.  Skeat,  stib  Recruit ;  but  it  is  possible  that 
the  Hal.  (and  Spanish)  form  Recluta  may  in  their 
other  senses  be  Germanic,  viz.  from  the  root  klftl, 
a  patch,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Clout,  cf>.  hal.  Rappezzare, 

<  Pe/zo. 

Reco  ;  syticop.  for  Recato,  "'.  Recare. 
Recognizione ;  v.  Ricognizione. 

*  Recolere  ;  to  revere. 

Recollett-i  m.  pi.,  -e  /  //. ;  Recol- 
lets,  a  congregation  following  a  very 
strict  rule,  mostly  of  the  Franciscan 
order,  forming  a  branch  of  the  Obser- 
vanlines. 

*  Recollezioney^;  collection. 

Recbndito ;  as  E. 
Reconditblio  m. ;  reliquary. 
Recremento  m. ;  (med.)  secretion. 

Recrimin-are,  -al6re,  -azi6ne  ;  as  E. 
Recrudescenzay^;  as  E. 

*  Recul-are  ;  to  recoil.    Aff.  *-ata  (mil.)  shelter. 
t  Recudtere  ;  to  plough  for  the  second  time. 

Recup-erare,  Recus-are  ;  v.  Ricup-,  Ricus-. 
Reda  f.   (A)  (L.  rheda,  chariot,  Gaulish,  cp. 
Skeat,  sub  Ride) ;  ancient  Roman  car. 
*(B);  i.  =Erede,  heir.     ii.  =  Figlio. 

*  Redaggio  ;  v.  Retaggio. 

Redami  /«.  pi. ;  calves  (collectively),  v.  Redo. 
Redare ;  pop.  for  Ereditare,  to  inherit. 

Redargu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  v.  Ar- 
guire  and  Re-,  prefix);  i.  to  dispute  the 
views  of.  2.  to  find  faull  wilh.  Aff. 
-ibile. 

Redassi  perf.,  Redatto  part.>  of  Redigere. 

.  Red-att6re  ?//.;  i.  editor  of  a  journal. 
2.  composer  of  a  speech.     Aff.  -azidne. 

Redde  rationem  ;  Al ,  ready  to  settle 

Reddere  ;  Part,  redduto,  =  Rendere. 

*  Reddire  ind.  reggio  reggi  regge,  part,  reddito 
(L.) ;  to  return. 

*Reddita/;=Ritorno,  return. 

R&ddito  ;//. ;  income  from  a  pro- 
fession or  business. 

*  Reddizione  f.\  i.  restitution,     ii.  (.grant.)  cor- 
respondence. 

tReddo  ;=Rigido. 

*  Redduto;  v.  Reddere. 

Rede  »/.;  =  Erede,  heir.     */;=Rete,  net. 

Redensi /tar/i,  Redento/rtr/.,  of  Redimere. 

Reden-tore  m. ;  redeemer,  -toristam.;  Re- 
demptorist,  an  order  founded  in  1732.  -trice  f.; 
vbsb.  of  Redimere. 

*Redenza^T;  i.  =Redenzione.     ii.  =Ritorno. 

Redenzio  ///.;  pop.  for  Riparo,  remedy,  help. 

Redenzi6ne_X;  as  E. 

*  Redetare  ;=  Ereditare,  to  inherit. 
Redibi-t6rio  (L.) ;   (Ay.)  a  redhibitory,  or  re- 

hibitory  action,  i.e.  one  to  oblige  a  seller  to  annul 
the  sale  because  of  a  defect.     Aff.  -zidne. 

Redigere  ind.  redi'go,  perf.  redigdi 
or  redassi,  redigdsti...,/^r/.  redatto  (L., 

<  re-,   intensive,   -igere    for   agere^   to 
drive ;     the    word    was    adopted    into 
Italian   from   French);    I.    to  draw  up 
(a  formal    document).      2.    to   edit   (a 
journal). 


up. 


REDIMERE— REGIO 


487 


For  the  derivation  of  compoutuis  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Redim-ere  ind.  redfmo,  perf.  re- 
densi  redime"sti...,  part,  redento  (L., 
<red-,  back,  etnere,  to  buy) ;  to  redeem. 
Aff.  -ibile,  -ibilita. 

*  Redimire  ;  to  crown,  D.  Par.  1 1.  97. 

Redin-a,  -e/,  with  pi.  -e  or  -i  (L., 
prob.  by  apocope  from  retinaculttm, 
tethering-rope,  < retinere);revn.  *=Re- 
gina,  queen. 

Redintegrare  ;  v.  Reintegrare. 

*  Redire  ind.  reggo  ;  (poet.)  a  variant  of  Riedere, 
to  return. 

•Redit-a./,  *-aggio  >«.;  inheritance.  * -iere 
tn. ;  heir. 

Redivivo  (L.)  ;  returned  to  life  again. 
Redo  m.  (var.  of  Erede  in  sense  of  son)  ;  calf 
born  in  a  stable  not  belonging  to  the  owner  of  its 
mother. 

t  Redola  yC;  bridle-path.  Etj/m.  unkn.  Corn. 
various  dial,  forms,  Rezola,  Resola,  Arzola,  Arzolin. 
Three  cqnjectures  are  forthcoming.  The  most  plau- 
sible is  perhaps  that  <  Span,  veredti,  narrow  path, 
through  a  dim.  ** (ve)redula ,  >  Redola.  Vereda 
may  be  <  L.  veredus  (7*.  Palafreno),  horse,  >  vereda, 
horse-track.  Another  suggestion  is  bit.  leda,  >dim. 
"Ifdula.  >  Redola.  Leda  is<  O.H.G.  leiM,  >  Fr. 
laie,  path  through  a  wood.  Lastly,  it  may  be  a  dim. 
from  Reda,  cart,  taken  to  mean  a  cart-track. 

t  Redol-inay!,  dim.,  -6ne  m.,  augm.,  of -a. 

*  Redova  /. ;  a  kind  of  polka. 

Reduce  (L.)  ;  returning.     As  it.,  veteran. 
Reduplicazi6ne/!;  =  Raddoppiamento. 

*  Refaiuolo  m.;  thread-manufacturer. 
Refare  (It.  refe)  ;  (mar.)  to  rouse  in  (a  rope),= 

Fr.  ftnbraqutr. 

ReTe  m.  (O.H.G.  reif,  cord,  cp.  A.S. 
rap,  >  E.  rope);  I.  thread.  2.  A  - 
doppio,  fig.  with  a  double  dose,  e.g.  of 
abuse.  3.  Cucire  a  —  doppio,  (a)  to 
deceive  completely,  (6)  to  act  with 
alacrity.  4.  Vivere  —  — ,=Vivere  per 
1'  appunto,  to  make  a  bare  living. 

ti.  A  —  nero  (doppio),  v.  supra  (2).  ii.  Cucire 
a  —  d'  uno,  i.e.  to  work  for  his  benefit,  iii.  Cucire 
a  —  scempio,  i.e.  to  act  with  much  simplicity. 
iv.  Cucire  a  —  doppio,  to  caress,  to*  wheedle,  cp. 
supra  (3). 

Re-  or  Ri-ferendario  m. ;  i.  (eccl.) 
—  della  Segnatura,  one  of  the  twelve 
bishops  who  report  on  cases  before  the 
Pope,  and  on  the  "  Cause  in  segnatura  " 
of  justice  and  grace,  v.  Segnatura.  2.  — 
al  Consiglio  di  Stato,  or  alia  Corte  dei 
Conti,  official  who  reports  on  matters 
within  the  cognisance  of  these  bodies. 
3.  iron.  spy. 

Referire  ;  v.  Riferire. 

Refertare  ind.  referto  ;  of  a  tenant  on  metayage, 
to  report  to  the  landlord  any  loss  of  cattle. 

Referto  ;«. ;  report  made  to  a  superior  authority. 
*Rcfetto;    i.  =  Ristorato.      ii.    as  $£.,  =  Ristoro, 
refreshment. 

Refettoriere  ;«. ;  manager  of  the  refectory. 

Refett6rio  m.  (mlt.  refectoriutu,  <  re/ectus, 
part,  of  reficere,  v.  Refezione) ;  refectory. 

Refezi6n-e/.  (L.);  refection,  repast.  Aff.  -arc 
vb.,  -cina  -cella  dims. 

*  Reficiare  (L.  rejicere)  ;  to  refresh. 

Refl-esso,  -essare,  -ettere,  -uire,  -usso; 
v.  Rid-. 

Refocillare  ;  v.  Rifocillare,  to  refresh, 
t  Refolo  m.  (prob.  of  Germanic  origin,  v.  Ramca) ; 
i.  —  Ramca,   squall,      ii.    —  or  Refolada  di   vento, 
storm-cloud. 

Refrangere;  v.  Rifr-. 

Refrattario  ;  i.  refractory,  infusible 
(material).  2.  (mil.)  conscript  who  es- 
capes service,  deserter.  3.  generally, 
disobedient  to  the  law. 

Refr-attore,  -azione  ;  v.  Rifr-. 

Refreddatorio  tn.\  in  a  glass-works,  cooling- 
chamber. 

Refriger-are  ind.  refrigero  ;  to  refresh,  to  cool. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -azione. 

Refrigerio  m. ;  solace,  refreshment. 
•Refruato  >«. ;  =  Percossa,  Danno. 


t  Refubbria  f.  •  =  Repubblica. 

Ref-ugiare,  -ulgere ;  v.  Rif-. 

Refurtivay^;  stolen  property. 
t  Refusa  ;  A  la  — ,  =  Alia  rinfusa,  anyhow. 

Refusare  (L.  refusus,  part,  of  re/undere) ; 
(print.)  to  set  type  wrongly. 

*  Refuse  ;  irreg.  per/,  of  Rifondere. 

Refuse  m. ;  (print.)  i.  a  letter  misplaced  in  set- 
ting type.  2.  jumble  of  type  which  has  become  upset 
in  the  press. 

Refutare  ;  v.  Rifiutare. 

*  Regaglia  f.\    i.    scraps,   remains  of   a  meal, 
ii.  =  Regalia. 

*  Regagnare  ;=  Ringhiare,  to  snarl. 

Regal-are  ind.  regalo  (It.  gala,  q.v.) ; 
i.  to  regale,  to  give.  2.  to  throw  money 
away,  to  be  wasteful.  3.  to  forgive  a 
debt.  Aff.  -abile. 

*  i.    to   garnish   (a    dish),     ii.    -arsi,  =  Recrearsi. 
iii.    (Vivanda)  -ata,  =  Squisita. 

Regale;  regal.  As  sb.,  (mas.)  regal,  a  small 
portable  organ  used  to  support  treble  voices.  *Acqua 
— ,  aqua  regia. 

Regaletto  m. ;  dint.  vezz.  Regalo,  present. 

Regalia/;  i  royal  right  of  patron- 
age. 2.  =  Mancia,  gift,  v.  Primaggio. 
3.  royal  privilege,  generally.  4.  in  //., 
=  Patti  colonici,  v.  Patto  (7). 

Regal-i'no  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  -o.     -mente;  adv. 


of 


Kegal-o  m.(vtao.  ol  Kegalare);  gift,  present. 
*i.  =Sfarzo,  display,  ii.  A  — ,  suitably.  Aff.  -one 
augm.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Regamo  m. ;  (hot.)  marjoram,  v.  Erba  (5). 

*  Regare  ;=  Recare,  to  bring. 

Regata./  (origin  Venetian,  but  etym.   unkn., 
T.  Skeat,  sitb  Regatta) ;   regatta. 
Rege  m. ;  poet,  for  Re,  king. 
Regesto  m.;  catalogue  of  official  documents. 
Regestola^;  —  falconiera,  =  Averla  maggiore. 

*  Regge/;   i.  portal,  esp.  the  gate  of  the  space 
round  the  altar  in  a  church,    ii.  (eccl.)  the  altar-rails, 
iii.    for  Reggi,    2nd  sing.  pres.   ind.   of  Redire,  to 
return,  D.   Inf.   10.  82. 

Reggenz-a  f. ;  i.  regency.  2.  -e 
barbaresche,  Turkish  dependencies. 

3.  temporary  occupancy  of  any  office, 
•(•durability,  of  a  material. 

Regg-ere  ind.  reggo  reggi  regge 
reggidmo  reggdte  reggono,  perf.  rlssi 
reggdsti...,  part,  retto  (L.,  root  reg,  to 
straighten,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Regent,  Right) ; 
i.  to  support,  hold  up.  2.  intr.  or  reft., 
to  keep  itself  up,  to  stand  the  work 
required  of  it ;  Guarda  se  cotesta  scala 
regge,  see  if  that  ladder  is  strong 
enough.  3.  to  bear  (an  expense). 

4.  Non  pot6  piii  —  e  glie  ne  disse,  he 
could  stand  it  no  longer  and  spoke  out 
plainly.     5.    --  la  celia,  (a)  to  put  up 
with  a  joke,  not  to  be  offended  at  it, 
(6)  to  assist  in  preventing  a  joke  from 
being  discovered.     6.  of  wine,  —  1'  ac- 
qua,   to    bear   the    addition   of    water. 

7.  to  hold  out,  continue  the  same,  e.g. 
of  the  weather,  or  of  some  government ; 
Repubblica  che  resse  due  anni,  a  re- 
public   which    lasted    for    two    years. 

8.  at  cards,  to  beat ;   Volevo  pigliare 
ma  mi  reggeva  di   regio,   I   meant  to 
take   the   trick,  but   he   beat  me  with 
the  king.     9.    for   Difendere,  Aiutare, 
Proteggere ;  Se  non  mi  reggete  nell'  im- 
presa,  non  vo  in  fondo,  unless  you  will 
support  me  in  the  business,  I  shall  not 
go  into  it.     to.  to  hold  for  a  short  time ; 
Reggimi   questo   libro,  just    hold    this 
book  for  me.     1 1.  —  il  posto  a  uno,  to 
keep  his  place  while  he  is  gone.     12.  to 
keep   (a   secret)  ;    Vedrai   che   non   lo 
regge,  you  will  see  that  he  cannot  keep 


it.  13.  to  govern  (a  state),  to  rule  (an 
establishment).  14.  to  support  (a 
family  or  business)  ;  Libro  che  regge 
una  libreria,  a  book,  the  sale  of  which 
keeps  a  business  going  ;  -ersi  sui  chiodi, 
to  keep  oneself  going  upon  debts. 
1  5.  Fare  a  -ersi,  to  support  one  another, 
not  to  give  each  other  away;  I  medici 
fanno  a  -ersi,  or  si  reggon  sempre  tra 
loro,  doctors  never  give  each  other 
away.  16.  pres.  part,  reggente,  reign- 
ing. 17.  (mar.)  Reggente  al  mare, 
steady,  easy.  18.  part.  Retto,  v.  infra 
in  loco. 

Regge'tt-a/  ;  hoop.  Aff.  -fna  dim., 
-one  augm. 

Etym.  A.dim.  corresponding  to  Lombard  regia, 
from  the  same  root  as  L.  regere,  regula. 

tRegghiay:  (bit.  "rigula,  water-course,  <  L. 
rigare,  to  wet,  >  Fr.  rigoie,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rain)  ; 
water-course. 

Reggia  /  (L.  regia,  v.  Re)  ;  palace, 
court. 

Reggibraca  in.  ;  strap  which  carries  the  breech- 
ing-strap. 

t  Reggicatin^lle  m.  •  wash-stand. 

Reggifanali  m.  pi.;  (mar.)  arms  for  side-lights, 
side-light  stanchions. 

R&ggilume  m.  inded.  ;  lamp-stand. 

Reggim6nt-o  m.\  i.  government. 
2.  regiment.  3.  (gram.)  word  governed 
by  a  verb  or  preposition,  subject. 

*  i.  mode  of  operation  of  the  rational  soul  ;  Come 
in  lo  specchio  il  sol,  non  altrimenti  La  dopjjia  fiera 
dentro  vi  r.iggiava,  Or  con  uni,  or  con  altri  -i,  as  the 
sun  In  a  mirror,  so  the  twofold  being  was  flashing 
from  within  them  (from  the  eyes  of  Beatrice),  now 
with  the  attributes  of  one,  now  of  the  other  nature, 
viz.  the  divine  and  human  natures  of  Christ,  D. 
Purg.  31.  123.  ii.  gesture  ;  Disonesti  -i,  unseemly 
behaviour;  Parlare  per  -i,  to  talk  by  gestures. 
iii.  regimen,  iv.  Le  gueire  si  debbono  trattare 
con  Ii  -i,  wars  must  be  carried  on  with  prudence. 
v.  (arch.)  support,  bearer,  vi.  (mar.)  rudder. 

*Reggi61ay.;  (mar.)  i.  safety-rails  fixed  on  the 
llaccalari,  q.v.  ii.  line  of  planking  nailed  along  the 
ribs,  either  for  strength  or  to  support  shelves. 


belt  ;  -p^nne  pen- 
stand  ;  -pitto  breast-strap  of  harness  ; 
-pos&ta  knife  or  fork-rest  ;  -sc6ssa 
buffer;  -spinta  dell'  elica,  thrust-block 
of  the  screw;  -testa  head-rest;  -tir^lle 
trace-strap  of  harness  ;  these  words  all 
masc.  and  indecL 

Reggi-t6re  m.,  -t6ra,  -trice  /;  vbsbs.  of 
Reggere. 

Regia  /;  i.  =  Fr.  rtgie^  board  of 
excise;  the  proper  Italian  term  is  Ap- 
palto.  2.  shop  for  sale  of  excisable 
goods.  *  =  Reggia. 

Regiamente  ;  =  Regalmente,  royally. 

Regi-cida  «/.;  as  E.  -cidio  ;«.;  murder  of  a 
king. 

Regillo  «/.;-ReiIlo,  wren. 

Regime  m.\  as  E. 
*Regimine  «/.;  self-discipline. 

Regina  f.  (L.);  i.  queen.  2.  Krba  —  ,  to- 
bacco, v.  Erba  (112).  3.  Acquadclla  —  ,  camphorated 
water.  4.  Cannella  —  ,  an  aromatic  bark,  akin  to 
cinnamon.  5.  Pasta  —  ,  cheese-cake.  6.  —  or  Uva 
—  ,  a  large  variety  of  dessert-  grape.  7.  (fhem.) 
aniline  violet.  8.  (hot.)  (a)  -  Claudia,  v.  Claudia  ; 
(b)  —  de'  laghi,  water-lily,  v.  Nlnfea;  (c)  —  de'  prati, 
meadow-sweet,  v.  Olmaria.  t  —  scura,  carp,  v. 
Carpione. 

Regino  ;  i.  Velo  —  ,  a  kind  of  silk  cloth  used 
for  fine  sifting.  2.  as  s&.t  —  di  mare,  ~  Albastrello, 
redshank  (bird). 


.);  i.  royal.  2.  Via,  Strada 
-a,  the  king's  highway.  3.  (med.}  Morbo 
—  ,  jaundice.  4.  (chem.)  Acqua  -a,  as  F.., 


488 


REGIOIRK— REMO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  ward. 


i.e.  nitro-hydrochloric  acid.     5.  Braccio 
— ,  governmental  authority. 

As  sb. :  6.  king,  in  a  pack  of  cards. 
7.    in  pi.,  poet,  kings.     8.    in  //.,  the 
royalist  party,  or  royalist  soldiers. 
*  Regioire  ;  to  rejoice. 

Region&le ;  provincial.  Consorzio 
— ,  local  association. 

Regional-ismo  m. ;  particularism, 
local  partisanship.  Aff.  -ista. 

Begionalm^nte ;  by  local  divisions. 

Regiondrio  m. ;  cardinal  taking  his 
title  from  one  of  the  local  divisions  of 
Rome. 

Regidne/i  (L.  regie ,<regere,  to  rule);  as  E. 

Registr-are ;  i.  to  register.  2.  to 
adjust  the  registers  of  an  organ.  3.  to 
regulate  (a  watch).  4.  (print.)  to  ad- 
just the  type  in  proper  position.  5.  in 
book-binding,  to  adjust  the  position  of 
the  sheets  before  sewing.  Aff.  -abile, 
-atore,  -atdra,  -atrice,  -atura,  -azione. 

Registro  ;«.  (mlt.  registrum,  for 
regestum,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc)  ;  I.  register. 
2.  registration-office.  3.  letter-copying 
machine.  4.  in  a  turning-lathe,  the 
left-hand  end  of  the  axis  of  the 
mandrel.  5.  (mus.)  register  of  an 
organ,  compass  of  a  voice.  6.  peg  for 
adjusting  the  handles  of  a  plough  or 
the  registers  of  an  organ.  7.  Mutar  — , 
Jig.  to  change  one's  tune,  alter  one's 
conduct.  8.  Giocar  di  — ,  to  make  sud- 
den changes.  9.  (print.)  register,  exact 
adjustment  in  the  press-work  of  sheets 
printed  on  both  sides.  10.  damper, 
shutter,  clack-valve  of  a  fireplace, 
ii.  regulator  of  a  watch. 

tReglia/;=Rissa,  strife. 

Regn-are  iiui.  regno;  to  reign.  Vento  -ante, 
prevailing  wind.  Aff.  -attire,  -atrice. 

Regnicolo  (L.);  native  born,  esp. 
born  in  the  kingdom  of  Naples. 

R6gn-0  m.  (L.);  i.  kingdom,  esp. 
that  of  Naples.  II  secondo  — ,  the  Pur- 
gatorio  of  Dante.  2.  reign.  *crown, 
esp.  Papal  crown.  Aff.  -uccio  or  -ucolo 
dim.  spreg. 

Regola  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rule) ; 
i.  rule,  regulation;  Senza  — ,  immode- 
rately. 2.  A  —  del  mondo,  in  the 
ordinary  course  of  events.  3.  (aril/an.) 
—  aurea,  rule  of  three.  4.  monastic 
rule ;  also  by  extension,  the  members 
of  the  fraternity;  A  due  a  due  come 
una  —  di  frati,  two  and  two  like  a  lot 
of  monks.  5.  Servir  di  — ,  to  serve  as 
a  guide ;  Per  tua  —  se  capiterai  a  Milano 
io  sto  in  Porta  Romana,  you  are  to 
understand  in  case  of  your  coming  to 
Milan,  that  I  am  to  be  found  at  Porta 
Romana.  6.  --  di  compagnia,  or  di 
societa,  stipulations  regulating  the 
division  of  partnership  profits.  7.  Avere 
le  sue  carte  in  — ,  to  have  one's  papers 
in  order.  8.  Questa  allusione  non  mi 
da  — ,  I  cannot  make  out  this  allusion. 
9.  in//.,  courses  of  women,  io.  (vet.) 
shoulder-blade. 

*i.    monastery,     ii.~  Regolo,    ruler,     tiii.  —  Ta- 
bella  della  settimana  santa,  clapper. 


Regolamento  m. ;  regulation. 

Regol-are  ind.  regolo;    i.  to  regu- 
late.    2.  to  settle  (an  account).     3.  - 
le    avarie,    to    calculate    averages,    v. 
Avaria.     4.    -arsi,   to   be   moderate    in 
eating  and  drinking. 

As  adj. :  5.  regular:  Clero  — ,  clergy 
observing  a  monastic  rule.  Chierici 
-ari,  semi-regular  clergy,  such  as  the 
Barnabites  and  friars  of  the  Scuole  pie 
(Scolopii),  subject  to  cloistral  regu- 
lations. 

*  Ore  -an,  =  Ore  canoniche,  v,  Canonico  (3). 

Aff.  -arita,  -ariziare,  -armente,  -atamente  on  a 
regulated  system,  -atezza  habitual  moderation. 

Regolatoio  ;«. ;  =  Fosso  principale  che  scorge 
e  regola  le  acque  degli  acquedotti  e  simili. 

Regol-at6re  m. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  of  a 
plough,  i.q.  Registro,  q.v.  (6).  3.  gover- 
nor, of  a  steam-engine.  4.  a  chamber 
of  known  section  and  capacity  through 
which  all  the  water  of  a  stream  has  to 
pass,  by  means  of  which  the  flow  can 
be  measured.  5.  dam,  either  adjustable 
or  composed  of  materials  not  water- 
tight, as  a  means  of  controlling  floods. 
6.  Piano  — ,  v.  Piano  (21). 

Regol-atrice/;  I'bsb.  of -are.     Aff.  -a;i<>ne. 

Regol-etta  /;  dim.  of  -a. 

Regol-etto  m.\  i.  dim.  -o.  2.  reglet,  a  word 
meaning  either  (arcti.)  a  flat  narrow  moulding  used 
to  separate  panels,  etc.,  a  fillet,  or(/r/«/. )  a  ledge  of 
wood  thicker  than  a  lead  used  for  a  tike  purpose. 

Regolina/;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Regola.  2.  a  kind 
of  crumpet,  formerly  made  at  Florence. 

Regolino /«. ;  i.  dim.  Regolo.  2.  Uscio  a — , 
single  door  (in  one  piece). 

Regolizia  / ;  (hot.)  i.  —  coltivata, 
liquorice  plant,  Glycyrrhiza  glabra,  also 
termed  Legno  dolce.  2.  —  bastarda, 
sweet-leaved  milk-vetch,  Astragalus 
glyciphyllus,  also  termed  Vecciarini. 

Regolo  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  rex) ;  I.  ruler ; 
—  calcolatore,  sliding-rule.  2.  side-post 
of  latticed  railings,  v.  Spranga  (2). 
3.  band  of  iron.  4.  tailor's  smoothing- 
iron.  5.  (cwA.)  =  Listello,  fillet.  6.  at 
chess, king's, queen's,  etc., file.  7.  (chem.) 
regulus,  a  metal  separated  out  from 
another  by  smelting,  esp.  antimony. 
8.  (ornith.)  (a)  — ,  golden-crested  wren, 
Regulus  (ris/at/is,  also  termed  —  col 
ciufifo,  Fiorrancio ;  (6)  -  -  cenerino, 
willow-warbler,  Sylvia  trochilus,  also 
termed  —  comune,  —  maggiore,  Tro- 
chilo,  Lui  giallo,  Lui  grosso,  Beccafico 
finocchio.  9.  Regulus,  a  star  in  Leo. 
io.  =  Basilisco.  n.  king  of  a  small 
country,  usu.  Principotto. 

tRego!6ne  m.\  avgin.  of  t  Regola,  clapper. 
Regoluccia/?;  dim.  spreg.  Regola. 

*  Regoluzzo  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Regolo  (n). 
Regred-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  lose  ground. 
Regress-i6ne,  -ivamente,  -ivo;  as  E. 
Regresso  >«.;  i.  regression.    2.  {com.) recourse. 

3.  (w«r.)=Recesso,  slip. 

tRegrett-are  ittd.  regretto  (re.t  ifttetis.,  and  a 
Germanic  vb.  meaning  to  weep,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Greet, 
no.  2,  and  Regret) ;  to  weep  for. 

*  Regrezzare;  =  Raccapezzare,  to  understand. 

*  Regul-a  f. ;  =  Regola.     *-o  m. ;  =  Scricciolo, 
wren. 

tRei  m.  pi.;  (»wr.)=Rigge,  futtock  shrouds. 

Rei-ctto  (L.);  rejected,  outcast.     Aff.  -ezione. 

Reillo  m.  ;  wren,  v.  Re  di  macchia,  sub  Re  (4). 

Reina  /. ;  i.  — Rcgina,  queen.     2.  — ,  or  Pesce 

— ,  carp.  7>.  Carpione.     3.  angel  fish,  v.  Angelo(n). 

*  Reincidenza  /. ;  Si  provava  la  — ,  it  was  proved 
that  they  were  old  offenders. 

•Reino  /«.;  dint.  Re,  king. 


Reintegr-are,  Redintegr-are  ind.  re-  or  red- 
integro  (L.);  i-  to  reinstate.  2.  to  compensate  for 
los-«:-.  *-arsi,  to  be  reconciled.  Aff.  -ativo, -a/ione. 

Reita-/  (It.  reo);  guilt. 

Reiter-are  ind.  reitero;  as  E.  Aff.  -.ibile, 
-amento,  -atamente,  -azione.  (L.  re-iterum,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Iterate.) 

Reiudicata /.  (L.  res  judicata)\  (leg.)  previous 
decision  on  the  point. 

*  Relasso    m. ;    i.    relapse,     ii.    adj.,    of  stone, 
crumbling. 

Relativ-amente,  -ita,  -o;  as  E.  (L.,  i>.  Skeat, 
sub  Relate.) 

Relat-o  ;  compared. 

Relatore  m. ;  reporter. 

Relazi6n-e  f.\   as  E.     Aff.  -cella,  -cma  dim*. 

Releg-are  ind.  relego  -hi ;  as  E.  Aff.  -amento, 
-azione  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  suo  Relegate). 

Religionario  m.\  professor  of  some  religion. 

Relig|6ney;;  as  E.     (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.) 

Religi6s-a  f. ;  professed  Sister.  -am£nte 
<uh<.,  -iti  si?.,  of -o.  -o;  religious. 

Relinga;  v.  Ralinga. 

Relinquere,  no  per/.,  part,  relitto  (b.,  v.  Re- 
liqtiario) ;  i.  to  leave.  2.  part.  Relitto,  as  sb., 
(mar.)  derelict  vessel.  3.  Relitti  //. ,  (a)  goods 
jettisoned  at  sea,  (b)  goods  cast  upon  shore  from  a 
wreck. 

Reliqu-ario;  pop.  for  -iario.  -ato  sb.;  residue. 
ReHqu-iay!;  relic,  -iario  (-iere)  m.  ;  reliquary. 
(L,.t<re-linqueret  to  leave,  cp.  Gr.  Xeiirw,  root  lei-j, 
to  leave,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Loan. ) 

Relitto;  v.  supra,  Relinquere. 
*Reluttante;  7>.  Riluttante. 

Remay^;  (war.) —  discaloda  varare,  =  Lunghe- 
rina,  ribbon  of  a  launching  way.  *  =  Reuma,  tide-rip. 

*  Rern-aio  m.\  maker  of  oars.    *  -ante  m. ;  rower. 
Rem-are  ind.  remo  (It.  remo);  to  row.     Aff. 

-ata  blow  or  stroke  with  an  oar,  -atore. 

*Rematico;  (A)  =  Reumatico.  (B)  i.  =  Aro- 
mattco.  ii.  =  Fantastico,  Strano.  iii.  =  Fasttdioso, 
Difficile. 

*  Rembate  f.  pi. ;  parapets  on  either  side  of  the 
forecastle  of  a  medieval  galley. 

tRembol-a,  -are;  ?•.  Remol-a,  -are. 
Remeggiare  ind.  rem^ggio;  to  flap  the  wings. 
Remeggio  /;/. ;  i.   rowing.     2.  oars  of  a  galley 
collectively.     3.  the  place  for  the  rowers. 

*Remenato  /«.;  (arch.)  an  arch  consisting  of  a 
quarter  of  a  circle. 

*  Remenso  (L.,  part,  of  remetiri);   measured 
again. 

tRemer,  *Remiero/«.;  rower. 

Remig-are  ind.  remigo;  i.  to  row.  2.  Penne 
-anti,  the  long  quill-feathers  of  a  bird's  wing.  Aff. 
-amento. 

*  Remige  m.;  rower. 
*Remigiay?;  brandy. 

*  Remigio  tn. ;  i.  —  Remeggio,  rowing,  ii.  flapping 
of  wings. 

Reminiscenza  f.;  i.  as  E.  2.  in  pi.,  re- 
miniscences brought  into  a  piece  of  poetry  or  music, 
either  by  intentional  or  unconscious  plagiarism. 

*Remirare;  vt  Rimirare. 
Remissibil-e  ;  excusable.     Aff.  -mente. 
Remissionc  f.    (L.) ;     i.    forgivene_ss    of    an 
injury  or  of  a  debt;    Non  c'  e  — ,  there  is  no  help 
for    it.      2.    submission   to   the   wishes   of   another. 
3.    (wed.)  remission,  of  feverishness.     4.    Senza  — , 
with  no  hope;    Siam  perduti  senza  — ,  we  have  no 
chance  of  escape.     5,  —  d1  animo,  lassitude  of  spirits. 
6.  (mns.)  passing  from  sharp  to  grave,  the  opposite 
of  Intensione. 

*i.  resumption  of  an  interrupted  work.  ii.  =  Ri- 
lascio,  discharge,  iii.  Far  —  de'  peccati,  to  confess 
one's  sins  and  obtain  absolution,  tin  //.,  =  Dimis- 
sioni. 

Remissiv-o;  i.  (Clausola,  Con- 
dizione)  -a,  reducing  the  effect  of  what 
precedes.  2.  Un  uomo — ,  who  readily 
yields  to  the  wishes  of  others.  Aff. 
-a  mente. 

Remissbria/  ;  (leg.)  deed  of  assign- 
ment. 

Remita  tn.\  pop.  for  Eremita,  hermit. 

Reni-o  ///. ;  oar.  i.  (Condannarc) 
al  — ,  to  the  galleys.  2.  —  corto,  scull 
for  a  river-boat.  3.  —  di  coda,  or  — 
di  poppa  per  baonare,  scull  for  a  har- 
bour-boat, Fr.  godille.  4.  -i  accoppiati, 
when  there  are  two  rowers  on  one 
thwart  as  opposed  to  -i  di  punta  or  a 


REMOLA— REPOLONE 


489 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


zenzile,  when  there  is  but  one.  5.  -i 
da  trabaccolo,  or  da  galera,  sweeps. 
6.  Alza  -i  !  up  oars !  for  saluting.  7.  -i 
in  mare !  hold  water !  8.  Fila  -i !  let  go ! 
trail  the  oars ! 

Etytn.  L.  rgmus,  for  **resmns,  as  in  old  L. 
triresmem,  Mpteresmum,  cogn.  Gr.  epe'aaw,  to  row, 
<p«77ios,  oar,  A.S.  rtnvan,  to  paddle,  roder,  paddle, 
>  E.  row,  rudder  (steering-paddle),  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Row.  Rudder.  Root  er,  to  raise,  push. 

tRemolayi;  i.tj.  tRemora,  clack. 

'  Remolaio  m.  ;  man  in  charge  of  the  oars  of  a 


tNon  remola  mai,  he 


galley. 

*  Remolare ;  to  be  slow, 
is  never  quiet. 

Remolino  m.  (cp.  Rammulinare  and 
Remolo);  i.  =  Turbine  di  vento,  eddy- 
ing wind,  gust  of  wind.  2.  tornado. 
3.  rough  place  in  a  horse's  coat,  where 
the  hairs  lie  crosswise.  4.  (mar.)  v. 
Remolo  (i). 

Remolo  m.  (prob.  akin  to  Remolino, 
Ammulinare,  and  other  words  con- 
nected with  L.  mollre,  to  grind  corn)  ; 
i.  eddy  in  a  stream  or  in  the  wake  of 
a  ship.  2.  (hot.)  wild  oat,  Avena 
fatua. 

Remontorio  m. ;  regulating-wheel 
of  a  clock. 

Remontuar  m. ;  the  Fr.  remontoir, 
keyless  watch. 

Remora  f.  (A)  (L., <re-,  intens.  and 
mora,  delay);  i.  impediment.  2.  short 
delay.  3.  sucking-fish,  •v.  Echineide 
(2).  4.  eddies  in  the  wake  of  a  ship, 
dead  water,  Fr.  remous. 

(B)  t — ,  t  Remola  ortRemboIa  (connected  with 
L.  tnolSrc,  v.  Remolo);  i.  =BattoIa,  clack  of  a  mill, 
ii.  fig.  great  talker. 

Remorare  ind.  remoro  (Remolare, 
tRembolare);  =  Tardare,  to  be  slow, 
v.  Remora  (A).  Accipreti  se  rembola 
con  quel  cacio,  what  an  awful  time  he 
is  with  that  cheese.  E  picchia  ch'  i'  ti 
picchio  senza  rembolare,  so  they  went 
at  it  hammer  and  tongs  without  stop- 
ping a  moment.  Non  mi  lascia  rem- 
bolare un  momento,  he  does  not  leave 
me  a  moment's  peace. 

*  Remorchiare  ;  =  Rimorchiare,  to  tow. 
Rem-osso,  -oto,  -ovibile,  -ozione,  -uggire ; 

v.  Rim-. 

*  Remulco  w.  ;=Rimorchio,  towing. 
Rem-uncrare;  v.  Rim-. 

*  Remurchiare  ;=  Rimorchiare,  to  tow. 

*  Ren  f.  (cogn.  Provens-  ren,  Fr.  rient  <  L.  res) ; 
=  Cosa. 

Ren-a  f.  (var.  of  Arena)  ;  sand,  in 
geological  sense  or  as  building  material, 
-accio  m. ;  sandy  soil. 

Renaio  m. ;  sand-pit.  *=Reni,  the 
back. 

Renaiolo  m. ;  one  who  digs  sand 
for  sale. 

Renale;  as  E. 

Renano;  of  the  Rhine. 

Ren-are  ind.  rdno;  to  rub  with 
sand.  Aff.  -ata  rubbing. 

Rend-ere  perf.  r<*si  rend^i  or  ren- 
detti  rende'sti  re'se  rendfe  or  rendette..., 
part,  rdso  or  *renduto  (L.  reddere,< 
re-,  back  ;  dare,  to  give) ;  i .  to  give 
back,  return.  2.  to  surrender  (a  for- 
tress). 3.  to  produce.  4.  —  la  Pasqua, 
H. 


to  observe  Easter,  obey  the  Church 
ordinances  in  regard  to  it.  5.  in  acting, 
to  render  (a  character).  6.  to  make, 
produce  a  quality  ;  II  caldo  m'  ha  reso 
fiacco,  the  heat  has  made  me  feel  slack. 
7.  A  buon  — ,  i.e.  I  will  do  the  same 
for  you  another  time.  8.  —  aria,  to 
resemble.  9.  —  merito,  to  make  amends. 
10.  —  ragione,  (a)  to  administer  justice, 
(6)  to  give  an  account,  (f)  to  pay  the 
penalty,  u.  -ersi  sicuro,  to  think  one- 
self safe. 

*Rendevole;  i.  pliant,     ii.  productive. 
Rend-ibile;  v.  -ere. 

Rendiconto  m. ;  i.  rendering  an 
account.  2.  the  account  itself. 

Rendimento  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Rendere. 
2.  "useful  effect"  given  by  a  machine. 

Rendita  f. ;  revenue,  esp.  that  from 
investments   in   the   public   funds, 
a  breve  scadenza,  short  term  annuity. 

—  a  lunga  scadenza,  long  annuity.     — 
della   Banca    d'   Inghilterra,    Bank    of 
England  stock.      —  perpetua,  perpetual 
annuity.      —    italiana,    Italian    rente. 

—  delle  gabelle,  revenue  from  duties. 

*  Rendi labile ;  =  Dipendente. 

*  Renditiv-o ;  (Nomi)  -i,  (jrram.)—  Atti  a  rendere 
similitudine  d'  una  cosa,  descriptive. 

Rend-it6re  m. ;  v.  -ere.  -ituccia  /. ;  dim. 
spreg.  -ita. 

Re'ne  m.(L.);  (anat.) kidney, v.  Reni. 
-i  succenturiati,  suprarenal  capsules. 
*=Re,  king. 

Renellay: ;  (med.)  gravel  in  the  urine.  *=  Re- 
nischio. 

tRenga/^Aringa,  herring. 

R6ni,  Rene  f.  pi.  (L.  renes,  with 
change  of  gender) ;  (anal.)  the  reins,  the 
back  from  shoulder  to  loin.  Da  petto 
a  — ,  from  front  to  back,  in  measuring 
anything.  II  fil  delle  — ,  the  backbone. 
Mettersi  a  una  cosa  col  fil  delle  — ,  to 
put  one's  back  into  it.  Voltar  le  —  a 
uno,  to  turn  one's  back  upon  him. 

*i.  Dar  le  — ,  (a)  to  run  away,  (It)  to  turn  away, 
jj.  Far  specchio  delle  —  a  uno,  =  Voltargli  le  — . 
iii.  =Arene,  sands. 

Renfccio  m.  (It.  rena,  sand) ;  silt. 

*  Renicolo  ;  of  a  river,  bringing  down  sand. 
Reniforme;  kidney-shaped. 

tRenino  m. ;  =  Polverino,  sand-box. 

Renischio  m.  (It.  rena,  sand) ;  sandy 
soil. 

Renitente  (L.,<re-,  back  ;  nitor,  to 
lean,  akin  to  connivere,  root  hneig,  to 
bend,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Connive) ;  unwilling, 
stubborn.  -  alia  leva,  shirker  of 
military  service. 

Renna  /  (Fr.  renne,  a  word  first 
employed  by  Buffbn,<  Icelandic  hreinn, 
a  reindeer,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  rein- 
deer, Tarandus  rangifer,  also  termed 
Tarando. 

Reno  m.  (L.);  (geogr.)  i.  the  Rhine. 
2.  the  Reno,  an  affluent  of  the  Po; 
it  rises  in  the  Etruscan  Apennines  and 
flows  north  through  the  Emilia,  leaving 
Bologna  two  miles  to  the  east. 

Ren6ne  m.  ;  augm.  Rena,  coarse 
sand. 

*  i.  »  Renna.    ii.  =  Arnione,  kidney. 


Ren6s-o  ;  =  Arenoso,  sandy.  Aff. 
-ita. 

Rensa  (Renza)  /  (Fr.  Rheims);  fine 
Rheims  linen. 

*  Rentennare ;  =  Risonare,  Rumoreggiare. 
Ren-uncia,    -unzia,     and    derivatives :     v. 

Rinunzia,  etc. 

•Renuzzay:;  Jim.  Rena,  sand. 
Renza;  v.  Rensa. 
Rcnzo  ;  short  for  Lorenzo. 

Reo  (L.  reus,  orig.  genitive  of  res 
in  sense  of  action  at  law);  i.  guilty. 

2.  wicked.      3.   poet,   for    Rio,    cruel. 
4.    as  sb.,  defendant. 

*  i.    wretched,     it.  =  Trascurato    nella   persona, 
iii.   crafty,     iv.  —  Mtnaccioso,  threatening,     v.   dan- 
gerous,    vi.  as  sb.,  guilt,  D.  Inf.  31.  toa.     vii.  in 
fit. ,  the  damned,     viii.  =Re,  king. 

Reobarbaro  m. ;  pop.  for  Rabarbaro, 
rhubarb. 

Redforo  m.  (Gr.) ;  rheophore,  carrier  of  electric 
current. 

Reomet ro  m. ;  galvanometer. 
tReon  m.;  fish-basket. 

Repagfe  /  pi. ;  (w/.)=  Catarro  generale  su' 
nervi  delle  gambe  d'  un  cavallo. 

Rep-arare,  -artire;  v.  Rip-. 

Reparata;  Santa  — ,  a  virgin  who 
suffered  martyrdom  under  Decius.  In 
early  times,  down  to  the  year  1298,  she 
was  the  patron  saint  of  Florence.  Her 
day  is  Oct.  8. 

Repellere  perf.  repulsi,  part,  re- 
pulso;  as  E. 

Repelldne  m. ;  (w/.)  =  Sbilancione, 
violent  jump. 

Repentaglio  >n.  (** repentaculum, 
cp.  old  Fr.  repentaille,  <  L.  re-,  paeni- 
tere);  i.  jeopardy,  lit.  risk  one  may 
repent  having  incurred.  2.  Stare  a  — 
a  uno,  to  stand  up  against  him. 

Repente  (A)  (L.  ripens,  sudden, 
hasty,  originally  part,  of  **repo,  cogn. 
with  Gr.  peV<o  for  fpiirw,  to  bend  over, 
>  poirrj,  decision,  turning-point,  lit. 
overbalancing ;  cp.  momentum,  moment, 
<  tnovere,  to  move,  the  gradual  change 
passing  into  an  idea  of  decisiveness  in 
both  cases) ;  i.  sudden  and  violent,  or 
as  adv.  suddenly.  2.  of  a  river,  rapid. 

3.  steep.     *  rapacious. 

(B)(L.  repere);  (hot.)  creeping  (rhizome). 

Repentln-o ;  sudden.   Aff.  -ame'nte. 

tRepenzayl;  suddenness. 

*Repere  (L.);  Se  corpo  in  corpo  repe,  if  one 
body  interpenetrates  another,  D.  Par.  2.  39. 

*  Reper-ire  fart,  -to  or  -so  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Repertory);  to  discover.    Aff.  -ibile. 

Repertoriare;  to  make  an  inventory. 

Repert6rio  m. ;  i.  repertory.  2.  in- 
ventory. 3.  book  of  blank  pages  marked 
alphabetically  for  making  an  alpha- 
betical inventory. 

•Repetio;  v.  Ripetio. 

*  Repleto  ;  —  Ripieno,  quite  full. 

Replica/;  I.  reply.  2.  repetition 
of  a  play. 

Replic-are  ind.  replico;  i.  to  repeat. 
2.  to  reply.  Aff.  -dbile,  -atame'nte, 
-ativo. 

*  Repluere ;   to  transmit,  ///.  to  cause  to  rain 
again.  D.   Par.  25.  78. 

*  Repola  /    prob.  corr.  of  Crepola) ;  bruise. 

*  Repolone  m.;  volt  executed  twice,  a  volt  being 
the  gait  of  a  horse  in  going  sideways,  round  a  centre. 


490 


REPOSITORIO— RETONE 


*  Repositorio  m.  ;    \.  •=  Ripostiglio,   repository. 
it.    wardrobe. 

Reprensi6ne;  pop-  for  Riprenstone,  rebuke. 

Repress-ibne/:;  as  E.     Aff.  -ivo,  -ore. 

Repri  menda  f.  ;  severe  scolding. 

Reprimere  ind.  reprfmo,  perf.  repress!,  part. 
represso,  or  *reprimulo;  to  repress. 

Reprobo  (L.,  v.  Re-,  5);  as  E. 

Repubblic-ay:  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -anamente, 
-ano,  -he*tta  dim. 

Re-pudiare,  -pugnare  ;  v.  Ri-. 

Repulisti,  Latmism;  Far  —  ,  to  make  a  clean 
sweep. 

Re-nulsa  /;  v.  Ri-. 

Reputare  ind.  reputo  reputi.-.reputano  ;  to 
consider,  to  hold. 

jt3T  For  the  past  tenses  and  participle  the  word 
Riputare  may  be  used  as  a  variant. 

Reputazibne  /.  ;  as  E. 

Requie/  (L.)  ;  i.  rest.     2.  pause.     3.  requiem. 

*  Requiescere  perf.  requievi  ;  to  be  at  rest. 
Requis-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  requisition. 
Requisite  «.;  i.  as  E.     2.  pop.  for  Ragione. 

Requisit6ria  /  ;  i.  (leg.}  speech  of 
the  public  prosecutor  at  a  trial.  2.  any 
spoken  attack. 

Requisizibne  /.;  i.  request.     2.  requisition. 
Resa/I;  i.  surrender,  v.  Reso.     2.  (com.)  —  in 
meno,  short  delivery. 

*  Resca  /!;=Lisca,  hemp-scalings. 
Rescjndere/f  j/I  rescindei,  part,  rescisso  ;  as  E. 
Rescio  tit.:  a  fire-rake  shaped  like  a  hoe,  used 

by  brickmakers. 

Resciss-iAne/:;  as  E.     Aff.  -orip. 

Rescritto  ;«.  (L.);  rescript,  official  answer  by 
a  Pope  or  Emperor. 

Re-secare  ;  v.  Ri-. 

Reseda  f.\  (dot.)  a  genus  of  plants  including 
Reseda  odorosa,  mignonette,  R.  odorata,  also  termed 
Amorino.  The  botanical,  or  Latin,  name  is  from  the 
use  made  by  the  ancients  of  some  species  as  a  soothing 
medicament,  <  L.  re-sedare,  to  soothe. 

Resezibne  yl  (L.);  (surf.)  resection,  removal 
of  a  piece  of  bone. 

Resia  f.  ;  pop.  for  Eresia,  heresy.     *  discord. 

Resid-ente,  -enza,  -enziale,  -uale;  as  E. 

Residu-are  ;  i.  to  reduce  (a  debt) 
by  gradual  payments.  2.  to  form  a 
residue.  L'  ereditk  si  -a  amillefranchi, 
the  inheritance  is  reduced  to  a  thousand 
francs.  Aff.  -o  adj.  or  sb. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  R  see  the  simple  -word. 

5.  Del  — ,  for   the  rest,  in   other  re- 
spects. 


Respons-ivo;  as  E.     -o  m.;  (eccl.  and  mus.) 


Resin-a_/;  (L.,<Gr.  pyjTiVw,  perhaps  cogn.  to 
pew,  root  sre,  to  flow);  as  E.  Aff.  -aceo,  -ato,  -ifero, 
•oso. 

Resipiscenza  /  (mlt.,  <  L.  re-, 
sapio)  ;  recognition  of  one's  mistake. 

Resjpolay;;=Risipola,  erysipelas. 
Resist-enza,  -ere;  as  E. 

Reso  ;  i.  part.  Rendere.  2.  (mar.) 
as  sb.,  cross-spale,  a  temporary  support 
used  in  building  a  wooden  ship. 

Resocdnto  m.;  account,  report. 
della  Banca,  Bank  return. 

Re-spluto,  -spettivo;  v.  Ri-soluto,  etc. 
Respice  ;  Latinism.     Non  ce  n*  e  —  ,  there  is 
no  trace. 

Resping-ere  perf.  respinsi,  part,  res- 
pinto;  i.  to  push  back.  2.  to  reject. 
Aff.  -ime'nto,  -it6re,  -itrice. 

Respinta  /  ;  recoil  of  a  gun. 
Respintdre  m.  \  buffer. 

Respir-abile,  -abilita.  -are,  -at6re,  -at6rio, 
-azi6ne;  as  E. 

Respf.r-0  /».  ;  i.  breathing.  2.  breath. 
3.  breathing-time.  Pagare  a  -i,  to  pay 
by  small  instalments.  Vendere  a  -i,  to 
sell  for  payment  by  instalments.  Aff. 
-6ne  augm. 

*  Respo  trt.  ;  =  Cespuglio,  bush. 

Responsabil-e;  responsible.     Aff.  -ita. 

Responsi6ne  /  ;  pension  or  other 
sum  of  money  falling  due  at  fixed 
times. 


response. 

Respons6rio  m. ;  (eccl.  and  mus.)  i.  =  Re- 
sponse. 2.  hymn  sung  in  responses. 

•Resquitto  (Risquitto)  m.  (late  L.  requutio); 
rest. 

Ressa  /.  (var.  of  Rissa) ;  crowding 
forward,  usu.  in  the  phrase  Far  — ,  to 
be  importunate. 

*  i.  =  Rissa,  strife,    ii.  spite,     iii.  oppression. 

Resta  / ;  i.  awn  or  beard  of  a 
grain  of  corn.  2.  string  of  onions,  garlic 
or  the  like,  tied  up  by  their  stalks  to 
keep  through  the  winter ;  Tant'  e  puzzar 
d'  un  aglio  che  d'  una  — ,  it  is  as  bad 
to  smell  of  one  head  of  garlic  as  of 
a  string  of  them,  i.e.  having  begun  to 
do  wrong  I  may  as  well  go  on  with  it. 

3.  rest  for  the  butt  of  a  lance  "in  rest." 

4.  (vet.)  a   tumour  in   a  horse's   foot. 

5.  (mar.)  — ,  or  Saula,  della  tartana, 
trawl-warp. 

*i.  skin  of  an  onion,  ii.  back  fin  of  a  fish, 
iii.  string  of  figs.  iv.=AIzaia,  tow-line,  v.  cessation, 
pause. 

Etym.  In  sense  (i)<  L.  arista,  awn  ;  in  senses 
(a),  (5),  (iii),  and  (iv)  <  L.  resta,  cord,  cp.  Span. 
ristre,  Catal.  and  Proven^,  rest;  in  sense  (})<  L. 
restart,  to  withstand,  resist,  cp.  Span,  ristre  and 
enristre,  Portug.  reste^  and  ristre,  E.  rest ;  sense  (v) 
is  from  another  meaning  of  I.,  restare.  The  fish's 
fin  is  doubtless  from  the  resemblance  to  bearded 
corn  ;  the  veterinary  meaning  has  probably  some 
similar  origin. 

•Restagno;  v.  Ristagno. 
Restanza/!;  residue.     *  Far  — ,  to  delay. 

Restara  /. ;  towing-path,  v.  *Resta 
(iv). 

Restare  ind.  resto  (L.);  i.  to  re- 
main. 2.  to  stop,  in  telling  a  story, 
etc.,  or  of  any  action.  3.  to  be  situated  ; 
Dove  resta  la  villa  del  B  ?  where  is  B's 
country-house  ?  4.  Se  restasse  da  me, 
if  the  matter  rested  with  me.  5.  Resti 
servito?  won't  you  come  in  and  have 
something?  It  is,  however,  a  simple 
expression  of  politeness  and  may  be 
said  without  offering  anything. 

Restaur-are,  Ristaurare  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Store);  to  restore.  Aff. 
-ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o  repair 
(partial  restoration). 

*  Restia  f. ;    tossing  of  the  sea  in  a  badly  pro- 
tected harbour. 

Resticciblo  m. ;  dint.  Resto,  residue. 

Restio  (**restivus,  <  L.  restare,  to 
resist,  cp.  Fr.  re'tif;  Provenc..  restius)  ; 
jibbing. 

Restitu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  stib  Resti- 
tution); i.  to  restore.  2.  to  return,  pay  back. 
3.  to  make  good,  make  up  for.  Aff.  -ibile,  -tore, 
-trice,  -zione. 

Resto  m.  (vbsb.  of  Restare);  i.  rest, 
remainder.  2.  Fare  del  — ,  to  stake 
the  rest  of  one's  money  on  one  throw. 
3.  change,  when  paying  with  a  coin 
larger  than  the  price  of  the  purchase ; 
Rifare  il  — ,  to  give  change;  Par  che 
gli  debba  rifare  il  — ,  he  looks  as  if  he 
was  waiting  for  change,  said  of  one 
who  is  giving  himself  airs ;  O  rifagli  il 
— ,  an  exclamation  of  impatience  with 
one  who  insists  upon  what  he  is  not 
entitled  to.  4.  Fare  un  — ,  at  bowls, 
to  knock  away  the  adversary's  bowl 
and  occupy  its  place  with  one's  own. 


•i.  Fardel — dei  giorni,  to  die.    ii.  at  Minchiate, 
a  point  counting  sixty,     iii.  sync.  Restate. 

Rest6ne  sb.  or  adj.  ;  i.  =  Cavallo 
restio,  jibbing  horse.  2.  =  Spinone, 
rough  terrier.  3.  augm.  Resta  (i). 
t  =  Greto,  gravel. 

*  Restoppia  /I;  straw,  after  thrashing. 

Restbso;  i.  bearded,  v.  Resta  (i). 
2.  rough,  v.  Restone. 

*  Restovigliare  ;=  Ristoppiare. 

*  Restr-emazione;  v.  Rastr-. 
Restr-ingere ;  v.  Ristr-. 
Restr-ittivo;  restrictive.    Aff.  -izione. 
Result-are ;  7*.  Risult*. 
Resupino  (L.);  flat  on  one's  back. 

*  Reta  f.\  -  Retc,  net. 
•Reta/;  =  Reita,  guilt. 

Retaggio  (Redaggio)  m.  (contr.  of 
Ereditaggio,  <  L.  heres,  v.  Erede) ; 
i.  inheritance.  2.  =  Possedimento, 
property. 

Retare  ind.  reto;  i.  in  gilding,  to 
form  a  surface  like  net-work.  2.  in 
painting,  to  place  a  net  over  a  picture 
to  be  copied,  so  as  to  divide  it  into  little 
squares.  *to  inherit. 

Retata  f. ;  i.  contents  of  a  net, 
catch.  2.  network. 

R£te/  (L.,  akin  to  rarus,  v.  Raro) ; 

1.  net;  —  fissa,  drift-net;  —  ad  imbuto, 
=  Bertovello,  hoop-net ;  —  di  posta,  or 
di    parata,   anchored    net,    fixed    net; 

—  da  strascico,  or  di  fondo,  trawl-net  ; 

—  di  trazione,  seine-net.    2.  (pop.  anat.) 
omentum. 

Retecalda  f.;  brine-pump. 

*  Retene  j.  pi.  ;  =  Redine,  reins. 

Retentiva  / ;  pop.  for  Ritenitiva, 
good  memory. 

*Retenza/;=  Redenzione. 
Retepora  /. ;  a  genus  of  coral  polyps. 

Reticella/;    i.    dim.   vezz.    Rete. 

2.  a  kind  of  netted  cap. 

Reticenza/;  as  E. 
Reticin-a/,  -o  m.',  dims.  Rete. 
Retico;  Rhaetian.     'for  Eretico. 

Reticolame'nto  m. ;  net-like  arrange- 
ment. 

Reticolare  ind.  reti'colo;  i.  adj. 
reticulated.  2.  -vb.  =  Graticolare,  to 
divide  a  painting  into  little  squares,  for 
copying. 

Reticolato  m. ;  grating. 

Reticolo  m. ;  i.  reticule,  work-bag. 
2.  (anat.)  reticulum,  the  second  stomach 
in  ruminants. 

Retfna  /  ;  dim.  Rete.  Retina  /  ; 
(anat.)  as  E. 

Retinenzay^;  force  of  retention. 

Retino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Rete,  esp.  the 
net  used  in  a  Paretaio,  v.  Retone. 
2.  grating  of  a  sink.  3.  wire-grating  to 
protect  a  window.  4.  skimmer,  a  per- 
forated ladle  used  in  skimming  the  hot 
water  used  in  preparing  silk. 

Retindlo  m.  (Gr.  pip-iVij,  L.  oleum);  retinol,  a 
hydrocarbon  oil  used  in  printers'  ink,  formed  by 
distillation  from  resinous  bodies. 

Ret6ne  m. ;  the  larger  net  of  the 
Paretaio. 


RETORE— RIALTO 


491 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Retor-C  w.  (L.,  <  Gr.  pi}Tup,  for  /pnrwp,  root 
ver,  to  speak,  v.  Skeal,  sui  Rhetoric,  Verb,  Word) ; 
i.  writer  on  rhetoric.  2.  ifrtg.  phrase-maker, 
babbler.  Aff.  -icastro  spreg.t  -ico. 

Retdrtay:;  =  Storta,  retort. 

Retrarre  ;=Ritrarre,  to  withdraw. 

Retribu-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  reward. 
Aff.  -imento,  -t6re,  -zi6ne  retribution 
(in  good  sense). 

Retrivo  (L.  retro,  with  adjectival 
suffix;  for  retro  v.  Dietro) ;  reactionary, 
in  politics. 

Rfctro ;  back,  v.  Dietro. 

Retro-attivo ;  retrospective,  -a- 
zidneyi ;  retrospective  action,  -bottega 
/  ;  room  at  the  back  of  a  shop,  -camera 
/ ;  back-chamber.  A  -carica ;  breech- 
loading,  -cedere;  i.  to  recede.  2.  to 
turn  back.  3.  tr.  to  give  back.  4.  (mil.) 
to  degrade,  -cedim^nto  m. ;  vbsb. 
-cessidne/;  I.  return.  2.  (med.~)  dis- 
appearance, e.g.  of  a  rash,  -gradare  ; 
(astr.)  of  the  planets,  to  move  back- 
wards, -gradazibne  f. ;  vbsb.  Retrb- 
gradp ;  as  E.  -guardia  /  ;  rearguard. 
*-guida/;  commander  of  the  rear- 

§uard.  *-pignere;  to  thrust  back, 
-rso;  backwards,  -scritto;  written 
on  the  back,  -so  m. ;  back  current, 
-spettivo ;  as  E.  -stanza  / ;  back 
room.  *-trarre;  to  ante-date.  *-tra- 
zi6ne  f. ;  anachronism,  -vendita  f. ; 
right  in  a  purchaser  of  resale  to  the 
vendor,  -vwf.pl.  ;  (mil.)  lines  of  com- 
munication. 

Retta  /  ;  (A)  Dar  — ,  to  pay  atten- 
tion, traced  by  Storm  to  L.  dare  arrectam, 
sc.  aurem,  to  lend  a  pricked-up  ear  ; 
the  phrase  arrigere  aures,  to  prick  up 
the  ears,  occurs  in  Terence. 

(B) ;  pension,  at  a  boarding-house, 
payment  by  the  week,  month,  etc.,  for 
board  and  lodging,  formerly  termed 
Salario,  lit.  payment  for  salt.  Retta 
in  this  sense  is  f.  of  Retto,  part,  of 
Reggere,  Mercede  or  some  such  word 
being  understood,  so  that  the  lit.  mean- 
ing is  "agreed  figure." 

(0)  (L.  recta);  i.  straight  line. 
2.  (anat.)  sagittal  suture.  *Far  — ,  to 
hold  out,  make  head  against. 

Rett-ame'nte ;  rightly,  -angolare, 
-angolo  ;  as  E. 

*  Rettare  (L.  rtptare,  freq.  of  repere) ;  i.  to 
creep,  ii.  to  sweep,  with  gun-fire. 

Rettific-amento,  -are,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azi6ne;  rectification,  etc. 

Rettile  m.  (L.,  <  repere,  to  creep,  akin  to 
Lithuanian  replioti,  to  creep,  and  perhaps  to  O.H.G. 
r££a.>Germ.  Rebe,  tendril);  reptile. 

Ketti-Hneo,  -tudine;  as  E. 

Retto  (A) ;  fart.  Reggere.  (B)  (L. 
rectus);  i.  straight.  2.  Angolo  — , 
right  angle.  3.  morally  right,  straight. 

4.  (gram.)  as    sb.,    nominative    case. 

5.  (anat.)  rectum. 
Rettorato  m. ;  rectorship. 
Rett6re  m. ;  ruler,  esp.  rector  of  a 

college. 

Rettorla/;  i.  rectorship.  2.  parish 
church. 

Rettoric-a,  Ret6ric-a  /;  rhetoric.  Af. 
-amente;  -are,  to  speak  rhetorically;  .otadj.;  -ucci- 


-uccio  dims,  spreg.  of  -a,  -o ;  -ume  spreg.,  lot  of  bad 
rhetoric.    Etym.    Gr.,  v.  Retore. 

Rettrice  f. ;  guide,  directress. 
"Retundere;  to  blunt. 

Retuso ;  (bot.)  retuse,  terminating  in  a  round 
end,  the  centre  of  which  is  depressed. 

*  Reubarbaro  m. ;  =  Rabarbaro,  rhubarb. 

*  Reuccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Re,  kinglet. 

*  Reucliniano ;     of     Reuchlin    (Erasmus),    v. 
Erasmiano. 

Reum  -a  m.  (Rema^)(Gr.) ;  (meet.)  rheumatism. 
*i.  =Catarro,  cold.  ii.  tide-rip.  Aff.  -atico,  -atismo, 
-atizzare. 

*Reupontico  m. ;=Rapontico,  wild  rhubarb. 

*  Reva  f. ;  export  duty,  in  France. 
Revellere    part,    revulso    (L.,    lit.    to    pluck 

away) ;  (trted.)  to  disperse,  produce  revulsion. 

*  Revellino  m.  ;=Rivellino,  ravelin. 
Reverb-erare ;  v.  Riverb-. 
Rever-endo,  -ente,  -enza,  -enziale,  -ire; 

as  E.     For  Reverenza  in  sense  of  "curtsey"  see  the 
note  under  Riverente, 
Reversibile ;  as  E. 

*  Revertigine/;;  vortex. 
ReviS-ione/:;  as  E.     Aft.  -ioncella  di m. 

Revis6re  m. ;  auditor. 

Revoc-a,  Rivoc-ayC;  revocation.  Aff.  -abile, 
-abilita,  -amento,  -are,  -ativo,  -atorio,  -azidne. 
Etym.  L.,  v.  Skeat,  suit  Revoke. 

Revolver  m. ;  (English).  Aff.  -atat  revolver- 
shot. 

t  Revdrvero  m. ;  revolver. 

Revuls-ione,  Rivulsidne  f.;  (nied.)  as  E. 
Aff.  -ivo. 

Rezia;  Rhaetia. 

Reziario  m.  (L.);  retiarius,  gladiator  with  a  net. 
*Rezza./  (var.  of  Rete) ;   i.    a  kind  of  coarse 
gauze,     ii.   fishing-net.     Hi.  v.  Rezzola. 
tRezz-aglio  m.;  casting-net. 
tRezzarflla/:;  dim.  Rezzola. 

Rezzo  m.  (var.  of  Orezzo) ;  shade, 
coolness. 

*i.  =  Buio.  ii.  Al — ,  under  cover,  iii.  Mandare 
al  — ,  fig.  to  kill.  iv.  Dare  a  uno  — ,  to  lose  time 
with  him.  v.  Tenere  al  — ,  =  In  moliezze.  vi.  =  Vuoto. 

R&szola/  (dim.  Rezza);  i.  coat  of 
an  onion  or  garlic.  2.  thin  slice.  3.  cob- 
web. 4.  a  kind  of  seine-net. 

Ri-  prefix ;  v.  Re-. 

Ri-abbarbare,-abbiare,  -abbassare ; 
to  shoot  up  from  the  root,  to  bark,  to 
lower  (again). 

Riabbatt-ere ;  i.=  Rabbattere.  2. 
-ersi  con,  to  meet  again. 

Ri-abbellire,  -abbigliare,  -abboc- 
care,  -abbottonare,  -abbracciare,  -ab- 
brucciare ;  to  decorate,  dress,  seize, 
button,  embrace,  burn  (again). 

Riabilit-are  ind.  riabflito;  to  re- 
habilitate. Aff.  -azi6ne. 

Ri-abitare,  -accad4re;  to  inhabit, 
occur  (again). 

Ri-accalcarsi,  -accampare,  -accapi- 

gliarsi ;     to     crowd     together,     bring 
forward,  scuffle  (again). 

Riaccappellare ;  —  un  raffreddore, 
to  make  one's  cold  worse. 

Ri-accasare,  -accattare,  -accendere, 
-accennare;  to  marry,  beg,  kindle, 
point  out  (again). 

Riaccensi6ne  /. ;  rekindling. 

Ri-accentrare,  -accerchiare,  -ac- 
certare,  -accettare,  -acchiappare ;  to 
centralise,  encircle,  assure,  accept,  catch 
(again). 

Ri-acciaiare ;  to  touch  up  (an  en- 
graved plate). 

Ri-acciuffare,  -accoccare.  -accocco 
larsi,  -accollare,  -accomodare ;  to  seize 


the  simple  -word. 

by  the  hair,  fit,  squat,  impose  a  burden, 
mend  (again). 

Riaccompagn-are  ;  i.  to  accompany 
home.  2.  to  rejoin,  -arsi,  to  come  to- 
gether again. 

Riaccomunare ;  to  bring  into  com- 
mon again. 

Riacc6ncio ;  made  good  again. 

Ri-accoppiare,  -accordare,  -accdr- 
gersi,  -accostare ;  to  match,  tune,  per- 
ceive, bring  close  together  (again). 

Riaccotonare ;  to  comb  again,  v. 
Accotonare. 

Ri-accovacciarsi,  -accozzare,  -ac- 
creditare,  -accucciarsi,  -accusare ;  to 
squat,  fit  together,  bring  into  credit,  lie 
down  curled  up,  accuse  (again). 

Riacquist-are ;  to  reacquire.  Aff. 
-dbile,  -o  sb. 

Ri-adattare,  -addentare,  -addor- 
mentarsi,  -addossare,  -adirarsi,  -ado- 
perare,  -adornare,  -adottare,  -adulare, 

-affacciarsi.  -affastellare ;  to  adapt, 
seize  with  the  teeth,  go  to  sleep,  impose 
a  task,  grow  angry,  employ,  adorn, 
adopt,  flatter,  show  oneself  at  the  win- 
dow, tie  up  in  a  bundle  (again). 

Ri-affermare,   -afferrare,    -affezio- 

nare,  -affiatarsi,  -affibbiare,  -affilare; 
to  affirm,  grasp,  feel  affection  for,  become 
friends,  buckle  up  (etc.,  v.  Affibbiare), 
sharpen  (again). 

Riaffittare;  i.  to  let  again.  2.  to 
sublet. 

Riaffondare ;  ?/.  Affondare. 

Ri-aflfrontare,  -agganciare ;  to  face, 
seize  with  a  hook  (again). 

Riaggeggiarsi ;  v.  Aggeggiare. 

Ri-agghiacciare,  -aggiogare,  -ag- 
giiingere,  -aggiustare,  -aggravare, 
-aggregare,  -agguantare ;  to  cool  down, 
yoke,  add,  adjust,  load  heavily,  unite  or 
enroll,  seize  (again). 

Ri-agitare,  -aguzzare,  -aiutare ;  to 
agitate,  sharpen,  aid  (again). 

*  Riale  m.  (dim.  Rio) ;  =  Rigagnolo,  rivulet. 

Ri-alitare,  -allacciare,  -allargare, 
-allentare,  -allettare,  -allettarsi,  -al- 
logare,  -allungare ;  to  take  fresh 
breath,  to  lace  up,  slacken,  allure,  take 
to  one's  bed,  allocate,  lengthen  (again). 

Rialt-o  m.  (A)  (contr.  of  Rialzato, 
elevated) ;  i.  eminence,  knoll ;  La 
strada  precede  sur  un  — ,  the  road  goes 
upon  an  embankment;  Pavimento  che 
ha  mold  -i,  flooring  with  a  lot  of  humps. 
2.  outside  staircase  leading  up  to  the 
door  of  a  church  or  palace.  3.  em- 
broidery in  rather  high  relief.  4.  extra 
dish ;  Oggi  il  nostro  ragazzo  ha  1'  uscita, 
faremo  un  po'  di  — ,  to-day  we  are 
giving  our  boy  a  latch-key,  we  will 
celebrate  the  occasion  with  something 
extra  for  dinner. 

(B)  (L.  rii/us  altus,  referring  to  the 
Grand  canal  which  the  Rialto  crosses); 

62 2 


492 


RIALZARE— RIBASSISTA 


II  ponte  di  Rialto,  the  bridge  over  the 
Grand  canal  at  Venice;  it  is  often 
spoken  of  without  the  definite  article ; 
Le  botteghe  di  Rialto,  the  shops  upon 
the  Rialto. 

*  =  Rialzato,  grown  high. 

Rialz-are ;  i.  to  raise  again.  2.  to 
rise.  3.  of  the  weather,  to  improve. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Rialzista  m.\  "bull"  on  the  Stock 
Exchange. 

Bialzo  m. ;  i.  rise,  in  price.  2.  =  Ri- 
alto, prominence,  hump. 

Ri-amare,  -amicarsi,  -anunalarsi, 
-ammattonare,  -ammazzare,  -amm6t- 
tere,  -ammirare,  -ammogliare,  -ammo- 
nire ;  to  love  (in  return),  to  be  friends, 
fall  ill,  pave  with  bricks,  slaughter,  ad- 
mit, admire,  marry,  admonish  (again). 

Bland-are  ind.  in  sense  (i)  Riv6, 
rivai,  riva,  riandiamo,  riandate,  rivanno, 
and  in  sense  (2)  either  the  same  as  the 
preceding  or  Riando,  riandi,  rianda... ; 
i.  to  go  again.  2.  to  go  over  again  in 
one's  memory,  to  recall.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 
Ri-animare,  -annacquare,  -annaf- 
fiare,  -annebbiare,  -annestare,  -an- 
nettere,  -annodare,  -ammvolare;  to 
animate,  sprinkle,  water  plants,  cloud 
over,  engraft,  fasten  on,  tie  on,  cloud 
(again). 

Biapertura  / ;  re-opening. 
Ri-appaltare ;   to  let  a  fresh  con- 
tract, -apparecchiare  ;  to  lay  the  table 
again,    -apparigliare  j  to  find  another 
match  for. 

Riappar-ire  ind.  -isco,  part,  -ito  or 
-so ;  to  reappear. 

Bi-appellare ;  to  re-appeal,  -appic- 
cicare;  to  re-attach,  -appigionare ; 
to  re-let,  -appioppare  ;  v.  Appioppare. 
Ri-appisolarsi,  -applaudire,  -appli- 
care,  -appoggiare,  -approssimare,  -ap- 
provare ;  to  take  a  nap,  applaud,  apply, 
prop,  bring  close  together,  approve 
(again). 

Biappuntare;  i.  to  sew  up  again. 
2.  to  resharpen.  3.  to  make  fresh  notes 
on. 

Biappuntellare ;  to  prop  again. 
Biapr-ire   ind.  -o,  perf.  -ii,  part. 
riaperto ;  to  re-open.     Aff.  -imdnto. 
Biarare ;  to  plough  again. 
Bi-ardereA?/  -nis\,part.  -arso;  to 
burn  or  be  parched  again. 

Ri-arginare  ;  to  rebuild  a  dam. 
Riannare;  i.  tore-arm.     2.  (mar.} 
to   refit.      3.    to  renew  the   rails  of  a 
railway.    4.  (arch.)  to  strengthen.    5.  to 
put  new  strings,  e.g.,  to  a  violin. 

Bi-armonizzare,  -arricchire,  -arro- 
lare,  -asc6ndere,-asciugare,  -ascoltare, 
-aspettare,  -assaggiare,  -assalire,  -as- 
saporare;  to  harmonise,  grow  rich, 
enrol,  ascend,  dry  up,  listen,  wait,  try 
a  sample  of,  assail,  try  the  taste  of 
(again). 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 
Biassecch-ire  ind.  -isco;   to  grow 
thin  again. 

Bi-assediare,  -assegnare,  -asses- 
tare;  to  besiege,  assign,  set  in  order 
(again). 

Biassett-are ;  to  re-adjust.  A/,  -o 
sb. 

Biassicur-are ;  i.  to  re-insure.  2. 
to  insure  one's  security  or  insurance. 
3.  =  Rassicurare,  to  reassure.  Aff. 
-am^nto. 

Biassldersi;  to  take  one's  seat 
again. 

Biassociare ;  to  re-associate. 
Bi-assoldare,  -assopire;    to   hire, 
lull  (again). 

Biassorb-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  re- 
absorb.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Riassumere  perf.  riassun-si,  part. 
-to;  i.  to  resume.  2.  to  summarise. 
Aff.  Riassunlivo. 

Biassunt-o  m. ;  summary.  -  di 
controllo,  general  summary  of  a  set  of 
ledgers.  Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Biassunzi6ne  /  ;  vbsb.  of  Riassu- 
mere. 

Biattacc-are ;  i.  to  make  a  fresh 
attack  upon.  2.  to  fasten  on  again. 

3.  to  put  the  horse  in  the  shafts  again. 

4.  to  recommence.     5.  —  il  sonno,  or 
-  intr.,  to  go  to  sleep  again. 

Biatt-are;  to  put  in  order  again. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Riatt-endere  perf.  -e"si,  part.  -e"so  ; 
i.   to  return  to  an  occupation.     2.    - 
una  lettera,  to  await  a  letter  in  reply. 

Bi-atterrare,  -attingere,  -attivare, 
-attizzare,  -attorcere,  -attrarre,  -at- 
traversare ;  to  throw  down,  attain, 
bring  into  use,  stir  up,  twist  up,  attract, 
traverse  (again). 

Biattrezzare ;  to  refit. 
Biattuffare ;  to  dip  again. 
Biaugurare ;  to  wish  in  return. 
Biavanzare  ;  intens.  Avanzare,  q.v. 
Biav-6re  ind.  rib  riai  ria  riabbiamo 
riavdte  rianno,/^  etc.  as  Avere  ;  i.  to 
receive  back,  recover  what  one  has  lost 
or  lent.     2.  to  recover  a  lost  position, 
liberty,  credit,  etc.     3.    Far  — ,  to  re- 
store from  a  swoon;   -ersi  to  revive; 
Mi  rib,  Me  ne  rib,  iron,  it  revives  me 
to  hear  of  it !  e.g.  of  a  likely  visit  from 
an  undesirable  acquaintance. 

Biavolo  m.  (L.  rutabulum,  shovel, 
<  **mtare,freq.  of  ruo,  to  precipitate) ; 
fire-slice,  iron  stirring-pole  for  a  fur- 
nace. 

Biaviita  / ;  at  cards  or  other  game, 
revenge.  Avuta  e  — ,  (before  begin- 
ning to  play)  we  will  play  one  game 
and  the  loser  shall  have  his  revenge. 

Biawall-are;  i.  of  ground,  to  sink 
again.  2.  tr.  to  renew  a  bill  of  exchange. 
Aff.  -o  sb.,  renewal. 


the  simple  word. 

Biawampare ;  to  blaze  up  again. 
Biawenare;   to  come  again  upon 
underground  water. 

Bi-awertire,  -avyezzare,  -awici- 
nare,  -awilire,  -awisare,  -awblgere, 
or  -awoltolare,  -azzannare,  -azzuf- 
farsi;  to  notify,  accustom,  bring  close 
together,  abase,  inform,  wrap  up,  seize 
with  the  teeth,  scuffle  (again). 
Bibaciare  ;  to  kiss  again. 
Bibadarsi ;  to  take  very  great  care. 
Bibad-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  clinch, 
to  beat  down  the  end  of  a  nail  after 
driving  it  through,  so  as  to  tighten  its 
hold.  2.  fig.  to  clinch,  e.g.  the  chains 
of  oppression.  3.  —  il  chiodo,  fig.  to 
clinch  the  matter.  4.  Esser  -ito  dai 
chiodi,  to  be  loaded  with  debts,  v. 
Chiodo  (3).  Aff.  -ime"nto,  -itura. 

Etym.  dub.  Cagn.  Portug.  rebitar  and  fnb. 
Proven{.  rikar,  Fr.  river,  akin  to  Icelandic  n/a, 
to  tack,  sew  loosely  together,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rivet. 

Bibagnare ;  to  wet  again. 

•  Ribalda  (Rubalda)  /.  ;  =  Celata,  helmet. 

Ribald-accio  ftgg.,  -aglia  sfrrg.  lot  of  ruf- 
fians, -ello  dim.  sprig.,  -eria  ruffianly  act ;  v.  -o. 

Bibaldo  adj.  or  sb. ;  scoundrel. 
*  freebooter. 

Etym.  dub.,  frob.  Germanic;  cf.  O.H.G. 
hrifa,  prostitute,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ribald.  There  are 
several  alternatives,  including  one  <  old  Span. 
ribaldo,<  Arabic  ribtt,  bandits'  castle. 

Bi-balenare,  -ballare;  to  flash, 
dance  (again). 

Ribalta  /  (It.  ribaltare);  i.  flap, 
e.g.,  of  a  trap-door,  cellar-flap,  cover 
for  the  hole  in  the  pavement  over  a 
cellar,  flat  board  of  a  sluice-gate,  flap 
of  a  writing-desk.  2.  flexible  flap  of  a 
portfolio,  account-book,  or  the  like. 
3.  Letto  a  — ,  bedstead  which  may  be 
folded  back  into  a  cupboard  and  hid- 
den by  a  flap.  4.  (theat.)  the  flap 
which  may  be  turned  up  so  as  to 
screen  the  stage  from  the  foot-lights; 
hence  5.  the  part  of  the  stage  near 
the  foot-lights. 

Bibalt-are  (prob.  <  Gothic  waltjan 
or  O.H.G.  walzan,  to  roll  over,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Welter,  but  possibly  <  **riboltare 
<»»rCT,<,//arg<  L.  revolvers] ;  to  upset, 
capsize.  Aff.  -atura. 

Bibaitone  tn. ;  i.  violent  lurch. 
2.  fig.  severe  blow,  financially. 

Ribalz-are;  to  rebound  (weaker 
than  Rimbalzare).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o,  sis. 

Bibamboleggiare ;  to  become  as  a 
child  again. 

Bibanchettare ;  to  feast  again. 

Riband-ire;  i.  to  recall  from  exile. 
2.  to  proclaim  anew.  Aff.  -ime'nto, 
recall. 


Bi-barattare,  -barbare  or  -barbi- 
care ;  to  exchange,  take  root  (again). 

*  Ribarbero  tn. ;  =  Rabarbaro,  rhubarb. 

Eibassare ;  to  drop  in  price. 

Bibass-ista  m.  ;  "  bear,"  dealer 
profiting  by  a  drop  in  prices.  -0  m. ; 
drop  in  price. 


RIBATTERE— RICARMINARE 


493 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Ribatt-ere  perf.  -€\,part.  -uto;  i.  to 
strike  again.  2.  at  Pallone,  to  return 
the  adversary's  ball.  3.  to  recoin. 
4.  (a)  to  confute  an  opponent's  argu- 
ment, (6)  to  clinch  one's  own.  5.  to 
insist,  press  an  argument  home.  6. 
(agric.)  to  hoe  down  the  ridges  of 
ploughed  land.  7.  to  put  double 
stitching  to  the  end  of  a  cloth.  8.  to 
re-sharpen  a  spade  or  other  implement. 

9.  to  flush  a  bird  for  the  second  time. 

10.  to  repel  (an  assault),     n.   in  sur- 
veying,   to    check    by    repeating    the 
observation.     12.  —  or  -ersi,  of  a  gun, 
to  recoil.     13.  to  reflect  (light).     14.  — 
il  chiodo,  (a)  =  Ribadire  (l),  (b)  fig.  to 
reiterate  one's  argument.     15.  {paint.) 
to  execute  a  pendant.     16.    (mus.)  to 
emphasise  notes,  to   repeat   particular 
notes. 

*i.  —  le  pareti  da  uccellare,  to  draw  the  nets 
tighter,  tii.  Siamo  11  a  tocca  e  ribatti,  i.e.  we 
have  very  nearly  finished. 

Ribattezzare ;  I.  to  re-baptise.  2. 
to  rehabilitate. 

Ribattimento  m. ;  i.  reverberation, 
of  sound.  2.  reflection,  of  light.  3. 
confutation.  4.  (vet.)  duplication  of 
movement  of  breathing  in  a  horse,  in- 
dicating broken  wind. 

*i.  replica,  of  a  painting,  ii.  flourish  of  a 
dancer's  leg.  iii.  flapping  of  a  bird's  wing. 

Bibattino  m. ;  (mar.)  whirlwind. 

Ribattitore  m. ;  at  Pallone,  player 
who  returns  the  service. 

Ribattitura/  ;  i.  second,  or  further 
beating,  e.g.  of  the  wool  in  a  mattress. 

2.  v.    Ribattere  (7).     3.    reflection,  of 
light.     4.   clinching,  v.  Ribattere  (14). 

Eibattuta/;  i.  at  Pallone,  return 
of  the  service.  2.  the  part  of  the 
court  where  the  Ribattitore  stands. 

3.  i.q.  Ribattitura  (i).     4.  =  Ribattitura 
(3).    5.  v.  Ribattere  (9).     *  retort  to  an 
argument. 

•  Ribattutamente  ;  emphatically. 

Ribeca  (Ribeba)/  (Arabic  word,  v.  Skeal,  lut 
foe.);  rebeck,  three-stringed  violin. 

Ribecc-are;  i.  repet.  Beccare.  2.  to 
catch,  to  take  a  person  in.  3.  -arsi,  = 
Buscarsi,  to  procure. 

*  =  Rimbeccare,  to  retort  with  a  TV  quoqite. 
Ribecch-etto,  -fno;  dims,  of  Ribeca. 
Ribechista  m. ;  player  of  a  rebeck. 

Ribell-are;  to  excite  to  rebellion, 
-arsi,  to  rebel. 

Aff.  -atore,  -e  adj.  or  sb.,  -ione. 
tRibcllo   w.;=Sfirna  martello,  hammer-headed 
shark. 

Ri-bendare,  -benedire  (with  sb. 
-benedizione  ,  -beneficare.  -bere,  to 
bandage  the  eyes,  bless,  benefit,  drink 
(again). 

Ribes  m.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  ribes,  mlt. 
ribus<  Arabic  ribes);  (hot.)  the  currant 
and  gooseberry  genus.  -  nero,  black 
currant.  —  rosso,  red  currant.  — 
sanguigno,  ribes  (the  shrub).  Un  — , 
a  glass  of  currant  syrup. 

Ribe'vere;=Ribere,  to  drink  again. 

t  Ribisciarsi  (It.  biscia) ;  to  writhe. 

Ribisognare  ;  to  have  fresh  need. 


Ribobol-are  ind.  ribobolo ;  i.q.  Rim- 
bobolare,  to  veil  one's  meaning  in 
Riboboli. 

Ribobolista  m. ;  one  fond  of  using 
Riboboli. 

Ribdbol-o  m.  (altered  from  Girigo- 
golo) ;  popular  catchword  or  witticism. 
Ajf.  -e"tto  dim. 

Riboboldne  m.  ;=Bindolone,  trick- 
ster. 

Ribocc-are  ind.  rib6cco  -hi;  i.  to 
be  overflowing.  2.  tr.  =  Rabboccare, 
to  grout,  point  (brickwork). 

*  i.  to  pour  forth  what  is  superabundant,    ii.  -arsi, 
to  capsize. 

Ribdcco  tn. ;  overflowing,  super- 
abundance. 

tRibolla/;  (war.)  — del  timone,  tiller. 

Riboll-ire  ind.  -o;  i.  to  boil  again. 
2.  to  get  hot  by  fermentation,  as  a 
damp  hay-stack.  3.  to  turn  bad  by 
fermentation,  as  jam ;  Saper  di  -ito,  to 
have  a  fermented  flavour.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Ribolliticcio  m. ;  i.  coffee,  etc., 
boiled  up  again.  2.  residues  in  refining 
sulphur. 

Riboll-itura  / ;    i.   boiling  again. 

2.  i.q.  -iticcio. 

*  Ribombare ;  =  Rimbombare,  to  resound. 

t  Ribon  m. ;  =  Pagello  (3),  little  red  sea-bream. 

Rib6tt-a  /  (Fr.  ribote,  drinking- 
bout,  of  vnkn.  origin) ;  spree,  debauch. 
Aff.  -fna  dim.,  -6ne  augm.,  reveller. 

*  Ribrezz-are  ;  i.  -aria  or  -arsela,  to  get  through 
the  days,  rub  along,     ii.  -arsi,  to  shudder. 

Ribre'zzo  (Riprezzo)  m.  (It.  brezza, 
breeze) ;  shudder,  disgust.  Un  grido 
di  — ,  a  cry  of  horror. 

*i.  ^shivering  fit.     ii.  breeze. 

t  Ribrucarsi ;  —  le  mani,  il  grugno,  =  Lavarseli. 

Ri-bruciare,  -brunire;  to  burn, 
polish  (again). 

Ribruscol-a  /  gleaning  of  grapes 
or  other  fruit  after  the  regular  harvest. 
Aff.  -are  vb. 

*  Ribuffare  ;  =  Sorbottare,  to  deal  out  blows. 

*  Ribuoia  ;  Esser  da  — ,  to  be  very  stupid. 

Ri-buscare,  -bussare  ;  to  procure, 
knock  (again). 

Ributtare;  i.  to  hurl  back,  hurl 
down ;  Ributtiamola  giu,  i.e.  let  us 
speak  of  it  no  more.  2.  =  Vomitare. 

3.  of  a  plant,   to    throw   up   suckers. 

4.  to  repel,  disgust.     5.    of  a  gun,  to 
kick. 

Ribuzzo  m.  ;  =  Cacciaperni,  drive- 
bolt. 

Ricacciare  ;  i.  to  drive  back.  2.  to 
darken  the  shadows  of  a  painting,  so 
as  to  bring  out  the  rest  into  strong 
relief. 

Ricad-e're  ind.  ricado,  perf.  ricaddi, 
part,  ricaduto;  to  fall  back,  or  down 
again,  to  relapse.  Aff.  -ime'nto,  -uta,  sbs. 

*  Ricadia ./! ;  i.  annoyance,     ii.  fall. 
Ricaducita /!;  (leg.)  falling  in. 

Ricagnato ;  =  Rincagnato,  surly. 
Ricalare ;     i.    to    drop    again.     2. 
(mar.)  to  lower  (a  mast). 


the  simple  word. 

Ricalc-are;  i.  to  press  in  again. 
2.  fig.  to  follow  the  steps  of.  3.  to 
thicken  a  bar  of  metal  by  hammering 
in  its  ends,  to  counter-draw.  Aff.  -ata, 
-atura,  sbs. 

Ricalcinare  ind.  ricalcino;  repet. 
Calcinare. 

Ricalcitr-are,  Recalcitr-are ;  to  be 
recalcitrant.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azi6ne. 

Ri-calpestrare,  -calunniare  ;  to 
trample,  slander  (again). 

Ricalzare;  i.  v.  Calzare.  2.  =  Rin- 
calzare  (5). 

Ricam-are  ind.  ricamo  (cogn.  Span. 
recamar,  <  Arabic  rciqama,  to  weave 
cloth  in  stripes) ;  i.  to  embroider. 
2.  —  un  cvcic\o,fig.  to  do  useless  work. 
3-  fig-  to  make  many  corrections  in 
printed  proofs.  Aff.  -atoYa,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -atura. 

Ricambiare;  i.  to  exchange  again. 

2.  to  return  (greetings),  to  make  a  re- 
turn (for  kindness). 

Ricambio  tn.;  i .  replacement  of  a 
worn-out  piece  by  a  new  one  ;  Cavalli 
di  — ,  relay  of  fresh  horses.  2.  present 
given  in  return.  3.  exchange  (of  cour- 
tesies). 4.  bill  of  exchange  given  in 
place  of  one  that  was  not  met,  also 
termed  Rivalsa. 

Ricamminare  ;  to  resume  walking. 

Ricamo  m.  (It.  ricamare)  ;  em- 
broidery. 

Ricampeggiare ;  to  stand  out  clearly. 

Ricamucchiare  ;  dim.  Ricamare,  to 
do  a  little  embroidery. 

Ricancellare ;  to  cancel  again. 

Ricant-are;  to  sing  again.  *to 
recant.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

*  Ricapare  ;  to  choose,  pick  out,  p.  Capo  (6). 

Ri-  or    Re-capitare    ind.   -capito ; 

1.  to  attend,  make  a  habit  of  calling,  as 
a  non-resident  doctor,  who  may  be  ex- 
pected  to   be   in    a    certain   place    on 
certain  days.     2.  to  come  back  again. 

3.  to  deliver  (a  letter  or  parcel).     *-= 
Far  capo,  to  end  up. 

Ri-  or  Re-capito  m. ;  i.  address,  on 
an  envelope.  2.  address,  destination 
of  a  letter  or  parcel.  3.  place  of  call, 
•v,  Ricapitare  (i).  4.  Trovar  — ,  to  find 
a  situation,  get  employment,  or  of  goods, 
to  find  a  market.  5.  (mar.)  in  //.,= 
Carte  di  bordo,  ship's  papers. 

*i.  =Partito  di  matrimonio;  Dar  —  a  una  fanci- 
ulla,  to  give  her  in  marriage,  ii.  Dar — ,  =  Raccettare. 
iii.  execution,  accomplishment,  iv.  Uorao  di  •, 
man  of  ability,  cp.  supra  (4). 

Ri-  or  Re-capitol-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -azi6ne. 

*  Ricapo ;  Di  — ,  =  Da  capo,  again. 
Ricaprugginare;  tore-notch,  v.  Capruggine. 

Ricard-are ;      i.     to    card    again. 

2.  part,   -ato,   looking   very   trim   and 
spruce. 

Ricaric-are  ind.  ricarico ;  i.  to  load 
again,  to  re-charge.  2.  -arsi,  to  assume 
a  burden,  or  task  again. 

*  Ri-carminare  ;  v.  Carminare. 


494 


RICASCARE— RICOLLOCARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Ricascare;  i.  to  relapse.  2.  to 
droop. 

Ricascata;/  i.  relapse.  2.  droop- 
ing ornament. 

Ricasco  in.  \    i.  droop  of  a  vault. 

2.  =  Ricascata  (2). 

R icasso  w. ;  a  part  of  the  sword  into  which  the 
first  three  fingers  are  introduced.  "Quillon"  was 
the  £.  equivalent  in  Elizabethan  times,  but  it  is 
peculiar  to  the  Italian  rapier,  which  is  not  now  used 
m  England,  and  there  is  no  modern  E.  term  for  it. 
It  is  "/a  barre"  in  French. 

Ricatenare ;  to  chain  up  again. 

Ricatt-are  (<re-  and  L.  captare, 
freq.  of  capio,  to  seize,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Capacious,  Heave);  i.  of  brigands,  to 
capture  and  hold  to  ransom.  2.  to  make 
one's  expenses  in  a  business.  3.  -arsi, 
to  take  revenge  (for  an  injury),  to  make 
up  (for  some  loss),  t  =  Raccattare. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Ricatto  m. ;  i.  brigandage,  v.  Ri- 
cattare  ( i ).  2.  Pan  di  — ,  act  of  revenge. 

3.  (leg.)  extortion. 

Ricavalcare ;  to  ride  again. 

Ricav-are;  intens.  Cavare.  i.  to 
draw  out,  dig  out ;  Cosa  ne  ricavo  ? 
what  use  is  that  to  me?  2.  to  copy. 
3.  part,  -ato,  as  sb.,  proceeds. 

Ricavo  m. ;  recoveries,  result,  profit. 
—  in  contanti,  cash  proceeds. 

Ricc-accio ;  pegg.  -o,  -ame'nte  adv., 
-he'zza,  riches. 

*  Riccamare  ;  — Ricamare,  to  embroider. 

Ricciaia/  ;  heap  of  chestnuts  thrown 
together  for  their  husks  to  soften  so  as 
to  facilitate  shelling  them.  *curly  hair. 

t  Ricciaculo  m. ;  =  Scuterzola,  ant. 

Ricciarello  >n.\  a  Siennese  sweetsturT. 
t  Ricciardla/ ;  an  implement  for  holding  bobbins. 
*Ricciatoio  m.;  curling-tongs. 

Riccio  ;«. ;    (A)   i.    hedgehog.     2. 
husk   of  a   chestnut  or  acorn.     3.    - 
marine,  sea-urchin,  Echinus. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  hirisson^  Span,  erizo,  Portug. 
ericio,<  L.  friciust<&n  earlier  form  er,  cp.  Gr.  yijp, 
hedgehog,  root^A^rj,  to  bristle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Urchin, 
Horrid. 

(B);  i.  curly,  frizzled.  2.  Oro, 
Argento  — ,  purl,  a  hem  or  fringe  of 
twisted  gold  or  silver  thread.  3.  (bot.) 
Erba  riccia,  lamb's  lettuce,  Valerianella 
olitoria,  v.  Favette. 

As  s6.  :  4.  curl,  tuft  of  curly  hair. 
5.  tail  of  a  violin,  where  it  curls.  6.  silk 
thread  with  gold  or  silver  twisted  on  it, 
v.  supra  (2).  7.  in  pi.,  (a)  the  edges  of 
the  holes  in  a  nutmeg-grater,  (b)  =  Tru- 
cioli,  shavings.  8.  in  dry-point  engraving, 
burr,  v.  Grattino.  9.  wavy  edge  of 
hand-made  paper.  10.  the  first  Medi- 
cean  coin,  of  1553,  so  called  from  the 
curly  head  of  Alessandro  de'  Medici. 
1 1.  (bot.}  —  di  dama,  Chalcedonian 
lily,  Lilium  Chalcedonicum. 

Etym.  dub.  It  has  been  regarded  as  the  same 
word  as  Riccio,  hedgehog,  the  notions  of  bristling 
and  curling  not  being  very  far  apart.  Another  sug- 
gestion is  that  of  an  aphaeresis  from  ** cirricitts  < 
L.  cirrus,  curl.  But  there  is  no  other  evidence  of 
**  cirricins,  and  it  would  be  an  easL-i  aphaeresis  to 
derive  Riccio  <  [t.  arricciare  or  immediately  <**  rec- 
tiare,  v.  Rizzare. 


Ricciol-ino  adj.  or  sb. ;  dim.  vezz. 
-o.  Insalata  -ina,  endive. 

Rlcciol-0  m.  (dim.  Riccio);  i.  curl. 
2.  (vet.)  in  //.,  i.q.  Garpa,  grease,  a 
kind  of  mange  in  a  horse's  leg.  Aff. 
-6ne  augm. 

Riccioluto;  i.  curly-headed.  2. 
shaggy-coated. 

Ricci6ne  m. ;  a  disease  of  silkworms 
when  after  going  to  the  Frasca  they 
curl  up  restlessly ;  v.  Frasca  (3). 

Ricciut-ello,  -ino ;  dim.,  dim.  vezz. 
of  -o. 

Ricciuto;  i.q.  Riccioluto. 

Ricco  (O.H.G.  rihhi,  powerful,  root 
reg,  to  rule,  v.  Re,  and  Skeat,  sub 
Rich);  rich. 

t  Riccomannp  in. ; -  Signorotto,  country  squire. 
Riccon-accio  attgm.pfgg.,  -t  aufm.,  of  Ricco. 
Ricedere  ;  to  give  back. 

Ri-cenare,  -centinare;  repel.  Cen- 
-are,  -tinare. 

Ricdrca/;  research. 

Ricerc-are  ind.  riceYco;  i.  to  seek 
out.  2.  to  interrogate.  3.  (paint.}  to 
strengthen  (an  outline),  to  make  it 
marked.  4.  (mus.)  to  prelude.  5.  part. 
-ato  out  of  the  way,  recherche". 

Aff.    -atamente,   -atlzza  sfireg.,   -atore,   -atora, 


to     re-hoop.      Aff. 


Ricercbi-are 
-atura. 

•Ricernere;  to  distinguish  again. 
*  Ricessare ;  to  arrest,  stop. 

Ricetta  /  (L.  receptus);  prescrip- 
tion. *  =  Esazione. 

Ricettacolo  m. ;  receptacle. 

Ricett-are;  to  receive  for  the  pur- 
pose of  hiding.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Ricettario  m. ;  book  of  prescrip- 
tions. 

Ricett-at6re,  -atdra,  -atrice ;  vbsbs. 
of  -are. 

Ricett-ina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a. 
Ricett-ivita,  -ivo ;  as  E. 

Ricettizi-O;  (ecd.)  Chiese  -e,  i.e. 
nelle  quali  il  prete  esercita  il  ministero 
per  quindi  acquistare  titolo  a  un  bene- 
fizio. 

Ricetto  m. ;  place  of  refuge.  *i. 
private  room.  ii.  lobby. 

Ricett-6na  /,  -6ne  m. ;  augm.  of 
-a,  long  prescription. 

RiceVere  ind.  riceVo,  perf.  ricev-ei 
or  -etti,  part,  ricevuto  (L.  recipere,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Capacious) ;  to  receive. 

Ajff.  Ricev.ibile,  -imento,  -itore,  -itoria  receiving 
office,  -itrice. 

Ricevut-a  /;  i.  receipt.  2.  Far 
la  — ,  (vulg.)  to  vomit.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 
vezz. 

Richiam-are;  i.  to  call  again.  2. 
to  call  back,  recall.  3.  to  bring  to- 
gether; Festa  che  -a  molta  gente,  fete 
which  produces  a  large  concourse  of 
people.  4.  to  attract  (attention).  5.  to 


the  simple  word. 

summons,  to  sue.  6.  to  refer  a  reader's 
attention  to ;  C'  e  qui  una  crocetta  e 
non  so  dove  -i,  there  is  a  cross  placed 
here  and  I  do  not  see  what  it  is  sup- 
posed to  refer  to.  7.  -arsi,  to  make  a 
formal  complaint.  8.  -arsi,  to  appeal. 
Aff.  -abile,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Richiamo  m.  \  i.  recall.  2.  decoy 
for  catching  birds,  etc.  3.  mark  of 
reference  in  a  book. 

Ri-chiappare,  -cbiarire;  to  catch, 
clear  (again). 

tRich-icco,    -iccholo  m. ;  =  Orichicco,   exuded 
gum. 

Richied-ere  perf.  etc.  as  Chiedere 
(L.  requirere);  i.  to  require,  demand 
one's  own  back  again.  2.  to  ask,  to 
expect.  3.  to  require,  necessitate.  4. 
to  send  for,  e.g.  a  doctor.  Aff.  -it6re, 
-it6ra,  -itrice. 

Richiesta/  ;  demand.  *i.  =  Ricerca. 
ii.  =  Citazione. 

Richinare  ;  to  bow  down.  *=Cori- 
care. 

Ri-chilidere  perf.  -chiusi,  part. 
-chiuso ;  to  shut  up,  close.  Aff.  Richi- 
usura  sb. 

*  Ricidere ;  it.  Recidere. 

Ricimentare ;  to  make  a  fresh  at- 
tempt. 

*  Ricincinnarsi  ;=  Acconciarsi. 

Ricfngere,  Reclngere  (Ricignere) ; 
to  gird. 

Ricinghiare ;  to  gird  anew. 

Ricinella  /  ;  (bot.)  mercury  weed, 
Acalypha  virginica. 

Ricino  m.  (L.  ricinus,  orig.  sheep- 
tick,  later  croton-oil  plant,  the  name 
being  subsequently  transferred  to  the 
castor-oil  plant,  cp.  Crotone) ;  (bot.)  i. 
—  maggiore,  physic  nut  of  Cuba,  Jatro- 
pha  curcas.  2.  —  medicinale,  castor- 
oil  plant,  Ricinus  communis. 

Ri-cioncare,  -ciondolare.  -circolare. 
-circondare  ;  to  drink,  dangle,  circulate, 
surround  (again). 

Riciso ;  pop.  for  Reciso. 

Riclamo  m. ;  claim  (under  an  in- 
surance policy). 

Ricbcere;  v.  Ricuocere. 

Ricdgliere  or  Ricbrre  =  Raccogliere, 
to  gather,  esp.  chestnuts.  Aff.  Ricogli- 
-tdre,  -trice,  -tura. 

Ri-  or  Re-cognizi6ne  /  ;  i.  in  phi- 
losophy, reflex  cognition.  2.  recognition. 
3.  (mil.)  reconnaissance.  4.  (leg.)  veri- 
fication of  a  fact,  esp.  in  connection 
with  a  crime.  5.  (leg.)  —  in  dominum, 
acknowledgment  of  the  freeholder's 
rights  by  a  leaseholder.  6.  (eccl.)  = 
Decima,  Censo,  dues. 

Ricolare  ind.  ric61o;  i.  to  re-filter. 
2.  to  make  a  fresh  casting. 

*  Ricolcare  ;  =  Ricoricare,  to  lay  down  again. 
*Ricolere;  to  remember. 

*  Ricollegare  ;  to  re-bind. 

Ricolloc-are  ind.  ric611oco ;  to  place 
again.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


RICOLMARE— RICREARE 


495 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Bicolm-are  ind.  ricdlmo ;  I.  intens. 
Colmare,  to  fill.  2.  to  raise  ground  by 
utilising  the  silt  left  by  floods.  3.  part. 
-ato  as  sb.,  alluvial  ground  from  which 
the  sea  has  retired.  Aff.  -atura. 

Ricdlmo;  full. 

Ricolor-are  or  -ire  ind.  ricoloro  or 
-isco ;  to  colour  again. 

Ricblt-a  /,  -O  m. ;  =  Raccolta,  har- 
vest. t=  Bottaccio. 

Ri-combattere.  -combinare,  -co- 
minciare,  -commettere ;  to  fight,  com- 
bine, begin,  join  (again). 

Ricommettitura/  ;  i.  reunion.  2. 
joint,  place  where  a  join  has  been 
made. 

Ricom-parire  ind.  -parisco,  perf. 
-parvi,  part,  -parso ;  to  reappear.  Aff. 
-parsa  sb. 

Ricompens-a,  -abile,  -are,  -atdre, 
-atrice ;  as  E. 

Ricdmpiere  ind.  ric6mpio;  to  fill 
up,  make  good  the  loss  of. 

Ricompilare  ind.  ricompilo;  to  re- 
compile. 

Ricomp-drre,  for  conjug.  v.  Porre  ; 

1.  to   compose   afresh.     2.    to   put  in 
good  order  again,    -orsi,  to  settle  down. 
Aff.  -osizidne. 

Ricompr-a  /,  -abile ;  v.  -are. 

Ricompr-are  ind.  ricdmpro;  i.  to 
repurchase.  2.  to  redeem.  3.  —  mille 
volte  uno,  to  be  worth  a  thousand  of 
him.  Aff.  -atdre,  -atrice. 

Ri-comprimere,  -comprovare,  -com- 

putare;  to  compress,  prove,  calculate 

(again). 

Ricomunic-are  ;  i.  to  inform  again. 

2.  (eccl.)  to  readmit  to  the  Sacrament. 

3.  -arsi,  to  take  the  Sacrament  again. 

Ri-concedere,  -concentrare,  -con- 
cepire,  -conchiudere ;  to  concede,  con- 
centrate, conceive,  conclude  (again). 

Riconci-are;  i.  to  mend  again. 
2.  to  rearrange.  3.  to  tan  afresh.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Riconcili-abile,  -amenta,  -are,  -atdre, 
-atrice,  -at6rio,  -azidne ;  as  E. 

Riconcimare ;  to  manure  again. 
Ric6nci-o ;  sync,  for  -ato,  v.  -are. 

Ri-condannare,  -condensare,  -con- 
dire  ;  to  condemn,  condense,  make 
seasoning  for  (again). 

Ricondu-rre  ;  i .  to  reconduct.  2.  to 
bring  back.  3.  to  reduce  to  its  former 
condition. 

*i.  =  Riaffiuare,   to  rent  again,      ii.    -rsi,    to  re- 
enlist. 

Aff.  Ricon-dotta,  -duftdre,  -duttrice,  -duzione. 

Riconfe"rm-a/  -abile,  -are,  -azidne ; 

reconfirmation  etc. 

Ri-confessare,  -conficcare,  -con- 
fidare.  -conflggere ;  to  confess,  nail  up, 
entrust,  crucify  (again). 

Ri-confinare ;  repel.  ConAnare. 


Ri-confiscare,  -confdndere,  -confor- 
mare;  to  "confiscate,  confound,  bring 
into  conformity  (again). 

Riconfortare ;  i.  to  strengthen 
again.  2.  to  recomfort.  3.  to  refresh. 

Ri-confrontare;  refet.  Confrontare. 

Ri-confutare,  -congedare.  -conge- 
gnare,  -congiungere  (with  sbs.  -congiun- 
gimdnto,  -congiunzidne),  -coniare, 
-connettere ;  to  confute,  dismiss,  join 
up,  join  together,  stamp,  connect  (again). 

Riconoscen-te ;  grateful.  Aff.  -za 
s6. 

Ricondsc-ere  perf.  ricondbbi,  part. 
riconosciuto ;  i.  to  recognise.  2.  to 
reconnoitre.  3.  to  acknowledge. 

Aff.  -ibile,  -ibilmente,  -imento,  -itivo  easily 
recognised,  -itore,  -itora. 

Ri-conquistare  (with  sb.  Ricon- 
quista),  -consacrare,  -consegnare  (with 
sb.  Riconsegna),  -consentire,  -con- 
siderare,  -consigliare,  -consolare, 
-consultare ;  to  conquer,  consecrate, 
consign,  consent,  consider,  advise,  con- 
sole, consult  (again). 

Ri-contare,  -contemperare,  -con- 
tradire,  -contrarre,  -convalidare ;  to 
count,  temper,  contradict,  contract, 
validate  (again). 

Riconvenire,  for  conjug.  v.  Venire  ; 

1.  to  agree  again.     2.    (leg.)  to  cross- 
summons.     3.    to  reprove. 

Riconvenzidne  f.\  i.  v.  Ricon- 
venire. 2.  challenging  an  assertion. 

Riconvertire ;  as  E. 

Riconvincere ;     i.     to    reconvince. 

2.  to  convince  of  error. 

Ri-conyitare,  -convocare  (with  sb. 
-convocazidne),  -coperchiare ;  to  in- 
vite, convoke,  cover  (again). 

Ricopert-a  or  -ura/ ;  cover,  shelter. 

Ricopi-are  ind.  ric6pio;  to  re- 
copy,  or  simply,  to  copy  out.  Aff. 
-a,  -atura. 

Ricopr-ire  ind.  ricopro;  to  cover 
again  or  simply  to  cover  up.  Aff. 
-{bile,  -ime'nto,  -it6re,  -itura. 

Ricord-abile,  -abilmente,  -anza;  a.  -are. 

Ricord-are  ind.  ricordo  (L., <cor, 
the  heart  having  been  regarded  as  the 
seat  of  memory) ;  i.  to  bring  to  mind, 
to  put  in  mind.  2.  to  mention.  3. 
-arsi,  to  remember. 

Aff.  -ativo  memorable,  -afore,  -atrice,  -evole 
i.  mindful.  2.  i.q.  -ativo,  -evolmente,  -ino  dim. 
vezz.  of  -o,  keepsake. 

Ricprdo  m.  i.  remembrance.  2. 
souvenir,  reminder.  3.  admonition, 
counsel.  4.  note,  memorandum.  5. 
traditional  saying.  6.  m  pi.,  memoirs. 

Ricori-care  ind.  ricorico  -chi  ;  i.  to 
lay  down  again.  2.  =  Propagginare. 

Ricoronare  ind.  ricordno;  to  re- 
crown. 

Ricbrre ;  v.  Ricogliere. 
Ricorreggere ;  to  correct  again. 


the  simple  word. 

Ricorrenza/;  i.  recurrence.  2. 
(nted.)  in  pi.,  menstruation. 

Ricdrr-ere  perf.  ricdrsi,  part,  ri- 
cdrso;  i.  to  run  again.  2.  to  run  over 
in  one's  mind.  3.  to  appeal  for  assist- 
ance. 4.  to  have  recourse  to,  make 
use  of.  5.  of  a  birthday  or  other 
periodical  event,  to  return,  recur.  6.  to 
come  in,  make  an  appearance,  be  in 
existence ;  Si  lancio  dal  salotto  dove  -e 
una  finestra  alta  sei  metri,  he  threw 
himself  from  the  room  where  there  is  a 
window  twenty  feet  from  the  ground; 
Qui  -e  una  curiosa  osservazione,  a 
curious  observation  comes  in  here. 

Ricorrezidne  f. ;  recorrection. 

Ricorriniento  m.;  i.  =  Ricorrenza. 
2.  =  Ricorso. 


; ;  i.  ?/.  Ricorrere.  2.  swing 
of  a  pendulum.  3.  Dare  una  — ,  to 
revise. 

Ricdrs-o;  i.  part.  Ricorrere.  2.  as 
sb.,  reflux.  3.  repetition ;  Spire  che 
rientrano  con  un  —  perpetuo,  spirals 
re-entering  in  perpetual  repetition.  4. 
(arch.)  cornice.  5.  recourse,  appeal  for 
assistance;  —  in  grazia,  appeal  for 
commutation  of  a  sentence.  6.  (nted.) 
in  pi.,  menstruation,  courses.  7.  (hist.) 
—  della  Mercanzia,  a  tribunal  of  appeal 
in  commercial  matters  in  medieval 
Florence;  it  was  also  termed  Borsa  dei 
-i,  from  the  names  of  the  merchants 
who  constituted  it  being  drawn  out  of 
a  bag. 

•Ricorsoio;    i.    Canapo  a  — ,   running    noose, 
ii.    Bollire  or  Here  a  — ,=a  scroscio,  furiously. 

*  Ricorteare ;  of  a  bride,  to  enter  her  new  home. 

Ri-cospargere  to  re-sprinkle,  -cos- 
teggiare,  v.  Costeggiare,  -costituire 
(with  sb.  -costituzione)  to  reconstitute, 
-costringere  to  re-constrain,  -costru- 
ire  to  reconstruct. 

Ricostr-uttdre,  -uzidne ;  v.  -uire. 

*  Ricotonare ;  =  Accotonare  di  nuovo. 

Ricbtta/(It.  ricuocere);  i.  posset 
prepared  from  the  whey  of  milk  after 
removal  of  the  curds  to  make  cheese. 

2.  fig.  weak-minded,  spiritless  person. 

3.  re-melting  of  a  metal. 

Ricottaip  m.  •  i.  seller  of  Ricotta. 
2.  one  partial  to  eating  it. 

Ricpttaria  /  ;    (hot.)  gladwyn,  Iris 
fetidissima,  also  termed  Spatola  fetida. 

Ricott-ina  dim.,  -dna  or  -dne 
augms.,  of  -a. 

Ric6tt-0;  part.  Ricuocere. 
Ricottura  f. ;  annealing. 

Ricpver-are  ind.  ricovero  (var.  of 
Ricoprire) ;  to  give  shelter  to.  -arsi, 
to  take  refuge.  Aff.  -atdre,  -atrice. 

Ricdvero  m. ;  i.  shelter.  2.  in  a 
steam-engine,  lap,  cover. 

Ricovrire  ind.  ricovro  ;=  Ricoprire. 

Ricre-are ind. ricreo ;  i.  tore-create. 
2.  to  re-appoint.  3.  to  refresh.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -atbrio. 


496 


RICREAZIONE— RIENTRO 


Ricreazidne /. ;    i.   as   E.      2.    re- 
freshment. 

Ricr6d-ere,  for  conjug.  v.  Credere ; 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


.LUll/l  CU-Gl  V,    1W1     t,uri-Ji*g.     v,     ^ivu\.it-, 

Far  —  uno,  to  disabuse  him,  correct 
his  opinion,  -ersi,  to  change  one's 
opinion,  recant,  -uto,  undeceived. 

*i.  Far  ricredente,  to  compel  to  recant,  it.  Ricre- 
dente,  (a)  unstable  in  opinion,  (5)  misbeliever,  infidel, 
iii.  -ersi,  to  recover  from  one's  surprise,  iv.  =Diffi- 
darsi,  to  be  distrustful. 

tRicreo  m.  ;=Ricreamento. 

Ricrepare ;  to  burst  again. 

Ricrdsc-ere  perf.  ricrebbi,  part,  ri- 
cresciuto ;  i.  to  grow  again.  2.  to 
swell  up,  as  rice,  in  cooking.  3.  —  le 
unghie,^.  to  continue  cheating.  4.  to 
raise  (prices).  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Ricre'scita  /;  i.  rise  in  price. 
2.  Una  minestra  fa  — ,  v.  Ricre- 
scere  (2). 

*  Ricrinare  ;  —  Reclinare. 
*Ricrio  w.;=Ricreamento. 

Ricriticare ;  to  recriticisc. 

Ricrociato  ;  (herald.}  when  the  arms 
of  a  cross  terminate  in  crosses. 

Ricrocifiggcre;  to  recrucify. 

Ricrogiare;  to  iron  (a  damp  cloth). 

Ricubare  ind.  riciibo ;  to  cube, 
measure  the  volume  of. 

Ricuc-ire  ind.  ricucio ;  i.  to  sew 
again.  2.  to  patch  together.  Aff. 
-ime'nto,  -itdre,  -it6ra,  -itura. 

Ricudcere,  Ricbcere,  for  conjug.  v. 
Cocere;  i.  to  cook  again.  2.  to  anneal 
(metal). 

*  i.  to  digest,     ii.  Jig.  to  examine. 

Ri-  or  Re-cuper-are  ind.  -ciipero; 
i.  to  recover.  2.  to  ransom.  3.  to 
haul  in  (a  rope).  4.  part.  pi.  -anti,  as 
s6.,  salvors. 

*i.  —  Ritirare,  to  obtain  in  return.  ii.  -arsi, 
(«)=Ricoverarsi,  t(/')  of  plants,  to  interlace. 

Aff.  -a  sb.,  -atftrio,  -azione,  -o  sb.,  i.q.  -a, 
salvage. 

Ricurv-are,  -o  adj. ;  intens.  of  Curv- 
-are,  -o. 

Ricusa/;  i.  refusal,  denial.  2.  ob- 
jection (to  a  juryman). 

Ri-  or  Re-cusare  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Recusant);  i.  to  refuse.  2.  (leg.)  to 
take  an  objection ;  —  il  foro,  to  deny 
the  competency  of  a  tribunal.  Aff. 
Ricus-abile,  -azione. 

Ridacchlare  ;  to  smile  ironically. 

*  Ridamare ;  =  Riamare. 

Ridanciano ;  giggling,  always  laugh- 
ing. 

Ridare,  for  conjug.  v.  Dare;  i.  to 
give  back.  2.  Dagli  e  ridagli,  i.e.  by 
constant  perseverance.  3.  --  giu,  to 
go  down  again  in  health  or  fortune. 
4.  (tnar.)  =  Tesare,  to  set  up  (rigging). 

*  Ridarguire;  =  Redarguire. 

Ridd-a  /  (O.H.G.  ridan,  to  twist, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Writhe) ;  whirling  dance. 
Aff.  *-are  vb.,  *-one  augm. 

t  Rideceo  ;= Riecco. 
Ridennay^sCanapiglia,  gadwall  duck. 

Rid-ere  perf.  risi,  part,  riso  (L. 
ridere) ;  to  laugh,  -ersi  di,  to  laugh  at. 


Ri-desinare,  -destare,  -dettare  ;  to 
dine,  arouse,  dictate  (again). 

RideVol-e ;  ludicrous.    Aff.  -me"nte. 
Ridic-ibile,  -it6re ;  v .  Ridire. 

Ridicol-aggine,  -ame'nte,  -e"zza,  -o ; 
as  E. 

Ri-diminuire,  -dimostrare,  -dipin- 
gere ;  to  diminish,  demonstrate,  paint 
(again). 

Rid-ire;  i.  to  repeat.  2.  to  find 
fault.  3.  -irsi,  to  retract.  *  =  Redire, 
to  return. 

Ri-dirizzare,  -discendere,  -discer- 
nere,  -discidgliere,  -discdrrere,  -dise- 
gnare,  -disfare,  -disporre.  -disputare  ; 
to  straighten,  descend,  discern,  dissolve, 
discuss,  draw,  undo,  dispose,  dispute 
(again). 

Ri-distaccare,  -distendere,  -distil- 
lare,  -distfnguere,  -distriiggere,  -di- 
venire  or  -diventare,  -divertire,  -di- 
vfdere ;  to  detach,  spread  out,  distil, 
distinguish,  destroy,  become,  divert, 
divide  (again). 

Ridol-e"re,  (A)  for  conjug.  v.  Dolere ; 
to  ache,  or  grieve  again,  -ersi,  to  com- 
plain again. 

*(B)  (L.  redaltre,  v.  Skeat,  tut  Redolent);  to 
exhale. 

*  Ridoli  »i.  pi. ;  the  sides  of  a  cart,  made  in  open 
work. 

Ri-domandare,  -domare,  -donare; 

to  ask,  subdue,  give  (again). 

Ridond-antemente,  -anza,  -are ; 
as  E. 

Rid6ne  m. ;  giggler. 

Rid6ppio ;  A  — ,  over  and  over 
again. 

Ri-dorare,  -dormire ;  to  gild,  sleep 
(again). 

Rid6ss-o  m. ;  i.  backing;  La  villa 
e  difesa  da  -i  di  pini,  the  villa  is  shel- 
tered at  the  back  by  pine  plantations. 
2.  sheltered  spot.  3.  competition;  La 
Finanza  non  vuol  -i  e  proibisce  i  giuochi 
d'  azzardo,  the  Exchequer  desires  no 
competition  (with  its  lotteries)  and  for- 
bids games  of  chance ;  Fa  benino  con 
quella  bottega  perchfe  non  ha  -i,  he  does 
rather  well  with  that  shop  because  it 
has  no  competitors.  4.  (mar.)  A  — ,  of 
a  ship's  yards,  windward. 

Ridotare ;  to  re-endow. 
Riddtta  /  ;  i.q.  Ridotto  (6). 
Ridottare  (It.  dotta,  B);  to  terrify. 

Rid6tto ;  i .  part.  Ridurre.  2.  as 
sb.y  resort,  haunt.  3.  club.  4.  ante- 
chamber, green-room  of  a  theatre. 
5.  fig.  place  of  retreat,  shelter.  6.  (mil.) 
redoubt. 

Ridovere;  to  be  again  obliged,  v. 
Dovere. 

Ridubitare ;  to  doubt  again. 

Riduc-ibile,  -ime'nto ;  v.  Ridurre. 

Rid-urre  ind.  riduco  riduci. ..,/*>/ 
ridussi  riduce'sti...,  fut.  ridurro,  part. 


the  simple  -word. 

rid6tto  (L.);  i.  to  reduce.  2.  to  bring 
back.  3.  to  change  ;  Hanno  ridotto 
molti  conventi  ad  uso  di  caserma,  they 
have  turned  many  monasteries  into 
barracks.  4.  (mar.)  --  le  corse,  to 
work  a  traverse.  5.  (mus.)  to  adapt  a 
piece  for  an  instrument  or  voice  for 
which  it  was  not  written.  6.  to  restrict. 
7.  -ursi,  to  meet  together.  Aff.  -uttore. 

Riduzi6ne  / ;  i.  v.  Ridurre.    2.  - 
delle  corse,  traverse  sailing. 
Rieccitare;  to  excite  again. 

Riecco;  here  (the  thing)  is  again, 
v.  Ecco. 

Riecheggiare ;  to  re-echo. 

Riedere  (A)  (L.  redire,<re-,re\er- 
sive,  ire,  to  go) ;  to  return.  *to  result. 

W  A  defective  verb,  used  only  in  the  forms 
Kied-o,  -i,  -e,  -ono,  pres.  svbj.  rieda,  riedano, 
imferf.  riedeva,  riedevano. 

Riedific-are ;  to  rebuild.  Aff.  -at6re, 
-azione. 

Rieducare  ind.  rieduco ;  to  re- 
educate. 

Riel-eggere ;  to  re-elect.  Aff.  -eggf- 
bile,  -eggibilita,  -ezi6ne. 

Ri-emancipare,  -emendare,  -erner- 
gere,  -emigrate  ;  to  emancipate,  cor- 
rect, emerge,  emigrate  (again). 

Rie"mpiere,  Riempire,  for  conjug. 
v.  Empire;  i.  to  refill.  2.  to  stuff  (a 
skin,  mattress,  etc.,  or  in  cooking). 
3.  —  la  tela,  to  weave  the  woof.  4.  to 
fill  up,  e.g.  the  blanks  in  a  printed  form. 

5.  —  lo  stomaco,  of  food,  to  lie  heavy 
upon  the  stomach.     6.   —  1'  occhio,  to 
satisfy  the  eye. 

Aff.  Riemp-ibile,  -ime'nto  or  -ita,  -itivo. 

Riempit6r-e  m.  •  i.  vbsb.  of  Ri- 
empire. 2.  (mar.)  in//.,  filling  timbers; 
-i  di  prua,  filling  timbers  between  the 
Scalmi  di  cubia,  hawse  timbers,  and 
the  Cqste  deviate,  cant  frames. 

Riempitura  / ;  filling. 

Rienfiare  ind.  ridnfio;  to  swell  out 
again. 

Rientr-are  ind.  rie'ntro;  i.  to  re- 
enter.  2.  —  in  se,  to  think  the  matter 
over.  3.  to  shrink  in  drying.  4.  -arci, 
to  make  some  small  profit;  Con  quella 
botteguccia  ci  si  contenta ;  ci  si  rientra, 
he  is  satisfied  with  that  little  place,  he 
can  just  get  along  with  it.  5.  Di...-ato, 
of  failure  to  get  a  thing ;  Malato  di 
croce  -ata,  fallen  ill  through  disappoint- 
ment at  not  being  given  the  cross. 

6.  (mar.)  to  haul  in,  haul  down,  e.g.  a 
gun   or   rigging.     7.    Bachi   -ati,  rusty 
silkworms,  -v.  Rientro  (2).    Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rie'ntrastivali  m.  indecl. ;  (boot in.) 


last. 

Rientr-ata/;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  (mar.) 
—  dell'  opera  morta,  falling  home, 
tumbling  home  of  the  upper  works  of 
a  ship. 

Rientratdre  m. ;  (bootm.)  laster. 

Rie'ntro  m. ;  i.  shrinking.  2.  rust, 
a  disease  of  silkworms,  also  termed 


RIEPILOGARE— RIFLETTERE 


497 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Ruggine.  3.  recovery  (of  money  in- 
vested). 4.  at  billiards,  Cogliere  di  — , 
to  hit  the  object-ball  fine.  t  =  Entrata, 
income. 

Riepilog-are  ;  to  epitomise.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -o,  sis. 

Riergere  perf.  rier-si,  part,  -so ;  to 
raise  again. 

*  Rieri;  =  Dietro,  behind. 

Riesaminare  ind.  riesamino ;  to  re- 
examine. 

Riescire:  v.  Riuscire. 

Riessere ;  to  be  in  evidence  again. 
Fra  pochi  giorni  rie  qui,  in  a  few  days' 
time  he  will  be  here  again.  Vi  son 
ristato  un'  altra  volta  solamente,  I  have 
only  been  there  once  before. 

Ri-evacuare,     -evocare,     -fabbricare ;     to 
evacuate,  evoke,  make  (again). 
•Riezza/.  (It.  rio)  ;  wickedness. 

Rifacibile;  v.  Rifare. 
Rifacim^nto  m. ;   I.  reconstituting, 
recasting,  e.g.  a  book.    2.  compensation. 
Rifaci-t6re  ///.,  -trice  / ;  v.  Rifaci- 
mento  (i). 

Ri-falciare,  -fallire;  to  mow,  fail 
(again). 

Rif-are   ind.  rifo    rifai...,  v.   Fare; 
i.   to  remake;   Villan  rifatto,  nouveau 
riche,  parvenu;  (mar.)  —  un  paranco, 
to  "fleet"  a  tackle  by  separating  the 
blocks,  so  as  to  make  it  ready  to  be 
used  again.    2.  —  un  invito,  un  inchino, 
to  return  an  invitation,  a  bow.     3.   to 
repair  the  fortune  of.     4.    to  educate ; 
1    natural!   non   si   rifanno?    is   it   not 
possible  to  train  idiots  ?     5.  to  set  off, 
add  to  the  appearance  of.     6.  to  take 
off,  imitate.     7.  —  il  padre,  la  nonna, 
to    give    the    father's,    grandmother's, 
name  to  a  child.     8.    Si  rifarebbe  col 
carbone,  he  might  have  a  good  portrait 
in    charcoal    (since    his    features    are 
striking).     9.  to  do  up  food ;  Ha  rifatto 
quelle   bracioline   in    polpette,   he   has 
made  up  those  slices  of  ham  into  patties. 
10.  —  il  letto,  to  make  the  bed.     1 1.  — 
un  po'  di  letto  a  \mo,fig.  to  give  rather 
a  favourable  character  of  him ;  Passano 
avanti,  ma  sanno  farsi  e  rifarsi  il  letto, 
non  dubitate,  they  are  getting  on,  but 
you  may  be  sure  they  have  found  the 
way  for  getting  themselves  well  spoken 
of.      12.    to    make    good ;    Quel    che 
spendete  di  piu,  ve  lo  rifar6,  whatever 
you  spend  more  I   will  make  it  up  to 
you.     13.  to  give  the  change  to  a  pur- 
chaser; II  libro  costa  otto  lire;  eccone 
dieci,  mi  rifaccia  il  resto,  the  book  is 
eight    francs,   wijl    you    give    me    the 
change    out   of  this   ten   franc   piece  ? 
Hence    14.    Rifategli    il    resto,  or  un 
tanto,   give  him   something   back,  i.e. 
some  of  his  insolence.    15.  —  la  pancia, 
la  collottota,  i.e.  to  grow  fat.     16.   - 
pancia,  of  a  wall,  to  bulge. 

-arsi :  17.  to  begin  again,  after  a 
bad  start,  or  to  make  a  start,  at  some 
specified  point,  in  telling  a  story.  18.  to 

H. 


have  a  fresh  helping  of  food;  Se  gli 
place  ci  si  rifaccia  pure,  if  you  like  it, 
do  have  some  more.  19.  to  recover 
strength  after  an  illness.  20.  to  be 
revenged ;  Egli  mi  offese  ed  io  volli 
rifanni,  he  insulted  me  and  I  was  de- 
termined to  be  even  with  him.  21.  as 
above,  (5) ;  Anche  se  si  mette  un  nastro 
se  ne  rifa,  if  she  merely  puts  on  an 
extra  ribbon  she  makes  it  set  her  off 
well.  22.  of  the  weather,  to  clear  up. 
23.  -arsi  a  chi  merita,  in  a  barter,  Si 
baratta  il  cavallo  e  -arsi  a  chi  merita, 
we  will  swop  the  horse  and  hope  that 
the  one  who  deserves  it  gets  the  best 
of  it. 

Rifasci-are ;  to  wrap  up  again.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atura. 

Rifascio  ;  A  — ,  i.  in  great  confused 
quantity;  Uno  studio  a — ,  a  study  with 
a  heap  of  untidy  things  in  it.  2.  Andare 
a  — ,  =  a  rotoli,  to  come  to  grief. 

Rifatt-lbile,  -ura  ;  v.  Rifare. 

Ri-favorire,  -fecondare,  *-fedire, 
-fendere  ;  to  favour,  fertilize,  strike, 
split  (again). 

Riferendario ;  i>.  Referendario. 

Rt-  or  Re-fer-ibile,  -ime.nto  ;  v.  Riferire. 

Rifer-ire,  Refer-ire  (A)  ind.  -isco, 
perf.  riferii,  parts,  riferente,  riferito, 
•riferto  (L.  referre ;  for  the  root,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Bear,  vb.) ;  i.  to  report. 
2.  to  refer,  tr.  3.  —  grazie,  to  return 
thanks.  4.  -irsi,  to  have  reference. 

*(B)  — ,  or  Rifedire,  to  strike  again. 

Riferma  / ;  (mil.)  =  Rafferma,  re- 
engagement. 

Rifermare  ind.  rifeYmo;  i.  to  shut 
again.  2.  to  confirm.  3.  to  re-engage. 

tRifermo  m. :  Avere  un  — ,  of  objects  of  value 
which  have  been  lost,  and  of  which  the  police  have 
been  notified,  with  a  view  to  the  arrest  of  anyone 
offering  them  for  sale. 

Riferrare  ind.  riferro;  i.  to  re-shoe. 
2.  fig.  to  supply  a  fresh  set  of  false 
teeth. 

Rifessare;  to  stitch  up  the  skin  of 
an  animal's  carcase. 

Rifesteggiare ;  to  keep  holiday 
again. 

Riff-a  /  (cogn.  old  Fr.  riffer,  to 
snatch,  M.H.G.  and  Germ,  raffen,  to 
snatch,  <  Germanic  root  hrap,  v.  supra, 
Rapare);  i.  raffle.  2.  outrage,  act  of 
violence.  3.  Di  — ,  at  all  costs,  come 
what  may.  Aff.  -accia,  petty  insolence. 

*  Riffo ;  robust. 

Riff6s-o ;  insolent.   Aff.  -accio  pegg. 
Rifiammeggiare  ;  to  blaze  up  again. 

Rifiancare ;  to  strengthen  at  the 
sides. 

Riflat-are ;  i.  to  breathe  again. 
2.  to  take  a  deep  breath.  3.  Quanti 
ne  rifiata,  all  the  race  of  them  (the 
subjects  of  some  imprecation).  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -ata. 

Riflccare  ;  to  poke  in  again. 


Rificoldna/;  i.  paper  lantern,  v. 
Fierucolone.  2.  spreg.,  slut. 

Rifidare  ;  to  trust  again,  or  entirely. 

•Rifiedere;  i.  to  strike  again,  ii.  Solo  a  cio  la 
mia  mente  rifiede,  my  mind  is  all  intent  upon  that, 
D.  Inf.  so.  105. 

Riffggere  ind.  ri-figgo,  perf.  -fissi, 
part,  -fisso  or  -fitto  ;  to  re-infix. 

Ri-flgliare,  -figurare ;  to  bring  forth 
young,  represent  (again). 

Rifilare;  i.  to  spin  again.  2.  to 
strike,  deal  out,  a  succession  of  blows. 
3.  Non  — ,  for  Non  rifinare,  v.  Rifinare. 
*to  repeat,  report,  as  a  tale-bearer. 

Rifiltrare ;  to  rcfilter. 

Rifinare;  Non  — ,  to  have  never 
finished,  esp.  of  children,  to  keep  on  for 
ever  asking. 

Rifin-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  finish  off, 
put  the  finishing  touches  to.  2.  part. 
-ito  finished  off,  done  for;  S'  e  -ito  sui 
libri,  he  has  ruined  his  health  over  his 
books ;  Stanco  -ito,  utterly  tired  out. 

Aff.  -itezza,  -Store,  -itora,  -itura,  -izionc. 

Rifior-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  to  freshen  up, 
tr.  or  intr.  2.  to  touch  up  (a  faded 
painting).  3.  to  strew  fresh  gravel  on 
a  path. 

Aff.  Rinor-imeuto,  -ita,  -itura. 

Rifiottare ;  Fiottare  e  — ,  to  fluctu- 
ate backwards  and  forwards. 

Ri-fiscMare  or  pop.  -fistiare;  i.  to 
whistle  again  or  back.  2.  to  repeat,  as 
a  spy. 

tRifitta/;  =  Quantita,  a  lot. 

Rifiut-  are  (A) ;  i .  to  refuse.  2. 
(mar.)  of  the  wind,  to  haul  forward, 
become  contrary ;  similarly  of  a  bay  or 
harbour,  to  be  inaccessible  for  lack  of 
wind.  3.  —  il  foro,  v.  Ricusare  (2). 
4.  —  il  padre,  to  renounce  succession, 
the  inheritance  not  being  equal  to  the 
debts  upon  it.  5.  at  cards,  to  renounce, 
not  follow  suit.  (B);  to  sniff  again. 
Aff.  -abile,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Etym.  In  sense  of  refusing,  from  an  earlier 
form  nfutare ;  for  the  introduction  of  the  i,  c£, 
Fiaccola,  <  L.  fatvla ;  it  is  aided  perhaps  in  this 
instance  by  the  influence  of  Fiutare.  Refutare  is 
<L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Refute. 

Rifiuto  m. ;  i.  v.  Rifiutare.  2.  — , 
or  Oggetti  di  — ,  refuse,  worthless 
articles.  3.  things  thrown  ashore  after 
a  wreck.  4.  steam  from  a  safety-valve, 
or  liquid  from  an  overflow  pipe.  5.  at 
cards,  revoke.  6.  letter  declined  by 
the  addressee. 

*i.  (leg.)  proceedings  for  divorce,  ii.  fine  for  re- 
fusing  office. 

Riflessamente ;  indirectly. 

*  Riflessare  ;  i.  ~  Lumeggiare  le  pitture.  ii.  =  Far 
rifletter  la  luce  sopra  un  oggetto  (Fanfani). 

Riflessi6n-e./;  reflection.    Aff.  -cella  dim. 

Rifiessiv-o  ;  reflective.     Aff.  -amente. 

Riflesso;  i.  part.  Riflettere.  2.  adj.  reflex. 
3.  sb.  reflection. 

Riflessore  /».;  reflector,  e.g.  in  a  telescope. 

Riflett-ere  perf.  -e"i,  parts,  -endo, 
-ente,  pass.  part,  -uto  or  riflesso,  with 
different  meanings,  -uto  being  said  of 
mental  reflection  (L.  reflectere) ;  to  re- 
flect. *to  obtain  a  reflection  of,  D. 
Par.  9.  21. 

63 


498 


RIFLETTUTAMENTE— RIGIRARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


Riflettutamente ;  reflectively. 

Rifluime'nto  m. ;  flowing  back,  re- 
flux. 

Biflu-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  ebb. 

Riflussi  or  pop.  Rifrussi  m. ;  second 
flush,  at  cards. 

Riflusso  w. ;  i.  ebb.     2.  reflux. 

Rifo ;  Montague  rife,  D.  Purg.  26.  43  (rife  for 
rifee,  to  rhyme  with  Schife) ;  the  Rhipaean  moun- 
tains, meaning  any  cold  region  of  north  Europe. 

Ri-  or  Re-focill-are  (L.,<**focillus, 
dim.  focus,  -v.  Foco) ;  to  resuscitate, 
revive.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rifol-are  ind.  rffolo;  i.  (mil.)  in 
sponging  out  a  cannon  after  firing,  to 
move  the  sponge  briskly  about.  2.  (mar.) 
v.  -o. 

Rifol-o  m. ;  (mar.)  wind  blowing  in 
puffs. 

Aff.  -accio/c/^.,  -ino  dim.,  -6"ne  augm. 

Rifondare  ;  i.  to  refound.  2.  (mar.) 
to  cast  (the  anchor)  again.  *  =  Affon- 
dare. 

Rif6nd-ere  ptrf.  rifusi,  part,  rifuso  ; 
i.  to  remelt,  cast  again.  2.  =  Rifare,  to 
recast  (a  composition).  3.  to  make 
good,  to  indemnify.  4.  to  find  fresh 
capital.  5.  Andare  a  farsi  — ,  to  go 
and  get  set  up  again  in  health. 

*to  reflect.  Canto  che  tanto  vince  nostre  Muse 
Quanto  primo  splendor  ijuel  ch'  ei  refuse,  song  which 
as  far  surpasses  the  singing  of  earthly  Muse  as  self- 
luminous  brilliancy  doth  its  reflected  light,  D.  Par. 
12.  9,  the  perfect  tense  having  here,  as  Butler 
remarks,  the  force  of  an  aorist  like  prese  in  Purg. 
32-  34- 

Aff.  -ibile,  -Store. 

Rif6nn-a/;  I.  reform.  2.  discharge 
(of  invalided  soldiers  or  unserviceable 
animals).  Aff.  -abile. 

Riformagidni  /  pi. ;  (hist.)  Segre- 
tario  delle  — ,  an  official,  usually  a 
foreigner,  deputed  in  many  of  the 
medieval  Italian  communes  to  draw  up 
the  decrees  of  the  Councils. 

Riform-are  ind.  riformo  ;  i.  to  form 
anew.  2.  to  reform.  3.  to  put  upon 
half-pay,  v.  Riforma  (2). 

Aff.  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Riforn-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  refurnish. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Rifortificare ;  to  refortify. 

Rifbsso  m. ;  (mil.)  second  ditch, 
counter  fosse. 

Rifrang-ere  ind.  ri-frango,  perf. 
-fransi,  part,  -franto ;  to  refract.  Aff. 
-ibile,  -ibilita,  -ime'nto. 

Rifr-attivo ;  refractive.  Aff.  -at- 
t6re,  -azidne. 

Rifredd-arsi ;  to  become  cool  again. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

RifWddi  m.  pi.;  cold  dishes  (of 
food). 

Rifrfggere  ind.  ri-friggo,  perf.  -frissi, 
part,  -fritto;  i.  to  fry  again.  2.  (paint.) 
to  touch  up  too  much.  3.  to  warm  up 
again.  4.  to  use  too  much. 

Rifriggolare ;  to  frizzle  again. 


Rifritto;  i.  part.  Rifriggere.  2.  as 
sb.,  seasoning  of  fried  herbs.  3.  rehash. 

Rifritt-ume  m. ;  poor  hash,  -ura/  ; 
v.  Rifriggere. 

t  Rifrucolare  ; ~  Rifrustare. 
tRifruga;  Alia  — ,  secretly. 

Rifru-gare,  -care ;  to  rummage 
again. 

Rifrullare ;  to  beat  up  again. 

t  Rifrussi  m. ;  i.  =  Riflusso.    ii  =  Riflussi. 

*  Rifrustacase  m. ;  =  Ficcanaso,  busybody. 

Rifrust-are;  i.  to  thrash.  2.  to 
hunt  about.  Aff.  -atore. 

*  Rifrusto  in. ;  severe  blow. 

Rifrutt-are,  -iflcare ;  to  bear,  fructify 
(again). 

Rifrutto  m. ;  compound  interest. 

Rifu-gglre,  ind.  rifuggo  -ggi ;  i.  to 
flee.  2.  --  da,  to  dislike;  L'  ulivo 
rifugge  dal  troppo  umido,  olive-trees 
cannot  stand  damp. 

Rifug-iarsi ;  to  take  refuge. 

Rifug-io  m. ;  refuge.  Aff.  -iato, 
refugee. 

Rifulgere  perf.  rifulsi,  no  past  part. ; 
to  shine. 

Rifumare  ;  to  smoke  again. 
Rifusi ;  perf.  Rifondere. 
Rifus-ibile  adj.,  -ione/,  -o  part.,  v. 
Rifondere. 

*Rifut-are;  to  refuse,     '-azione,  refutation. 

Riga  f.  (cogn.  Proveng.  rega,  Fr. 
rate,  Germ.  Reihe,  <O.H.G.  riga,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Row  sb.);  \.  line,  whether 
straight  or  curved.  2.  =  Regolo,  ruler  ; 
-  a  calcolo,  sliding-rule.  3.  line  of 
writing  or  printing;  A  meta  della  — , 
in  the  middle  of  the  line.  4.  --  di 
mulo,  the  black  line  on  a  mule's  or  ass's 
back.  5.  Mettersi  in  —  con,  to  put 
oneself  in  line,  on  a  par,  with.  6.  Di 
prima  — ,  first-class.  7.  Rimettere  in 
— ,  to  set  straight  again,  bring  back  to 
duty. 

t  Riga  tn. ;  (mar.)—  Arrecavo,  fixed  end  of  a  rope. 
Rigabello  in. ;  (ntus.)  instrument  which  pre- 
ceded the  organ. 

Rigaglia  f.  (bit.  regalia,  orig.  royal 
rights,  hence,  gifts,  and  so,  trifles,  and 
lastly  fowls'  insides) ;  in  //.  i.  the  ac- 
cessories of  a  cooked  fowl,  liver,  heart, 
crest,  etc.  2.  the  material  obtained 
from  a  cocoon  in  addition  to  the  silk 
proper. 

*i.  =  RegaIia,  "tip."  ii.  =  Rimasuglio,  residue. 
iii.  =  Bazzecole,  trifles,  iv.  insides  of  animals  other 
than  fowls. 

Rigagliubla  / ;  dim.  Rigaglia. 

*  Rigagn-a  f.,  -o  m. ;=Rigagnolo. 

Rigagnol-0  m.  (dim.  Rigagno,  <  It. 
rigare,  B);  runnel,  rivulet. 

*  Bere  a'  -i,  i.e.  to  get  indirect  information. 

Rigal-ago,  -fgo  m. ;  (/W.)  =  Sperone 
di  cavaliere,  larkspur. 

Rigalleggiare ;  to  float  again. 
Rigame  m.  (It.  riga);  fluting. 
Rigamo,  Rf.ga.no  m.  (L.  origanum,  < 
Gr.) ;  (hot.)  marjoram,  v.  Erba  (5). 


the  simple  word. 

Rigamo,  Rigano  m. ;  (mar.)  fixed 
end  of  a  tackle. 

Rigare  (A)  (It.  riga);  i.  to  rule 
(lines).  2.  —  diritto,y^f.  to  act  straight- 
forwardly. 3.  to  rifle  (a  gun-barrel). 
*to  underline. 

(B)  to  wet ;  v.  Irrigare. 

Rigata  /;  i.  blow  with  a  ruler. 
2.  (mus.)  the  set  of  lines  on  which  the 
notes  are  printed. 

Rigatino  ;//. ;  striped  cloth. 

Rig-ato;  i.  part.  -are.  2.  (mar.)  as 
adj.,  strong  (wind).  3.  as  sb.,  striped 
pattern  for  cloth. 

Rigatdre  m. ;  a  kind  of  large  rake 
used  to  draw  furrows  in  the  ground  for 
planting. 

Rigatta/;  i.  =  Regatta.  2.  race, 
strong  tidal  current. 

t  Rigattare  ;  -  Sgridare,  Fare  il  dottore  a  uno. 
•Rigattato;  of  bad  repute,  vagabond. 

Rigattier-e  HI.  -a/;  (etym.  unkti.) 
second-hand  dealer. 

Rigatura  / ;  vbsb.  of  Rigare. 
Rigelare  ind.  rigelo ;  to  freeze  again. 

Rigener-are  ind.  rigenero,  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-azidne ;  as  E. 

Rigentilire ;  =  Ringentilire,  to  civi- 


lise. 

Ri-germinare,  -germogliare ;  to 
sprout,  shoot  (again). 

Rigett-are  ind.  rigetto  (L.,?'.  Skeat, 
sub  Reject);  i.  to  throw  back  or  again. 
2.  to  reject.  3.  to  throw  out,  throw  up. 
4.  to  make  a  fresh  casting  of  metal. 
Aff.  -abile,  -atore. 

Rigetto  m.;  i.  refuse,  sweepings. 
2.  rejection. 

Rigge/  pi. ;  (mar.)  futtock-shrouds. 

Righello  m.  ;  =  Quadrello,  check,  in 
a  pattern. 

Righ-e'tta  or  -ina,  dim.,  -ettina  sub- 
dim.,  of  Riga. 

*  Righetto  m.  ;   a  sort  of  toothed  Orbello  used 
for  marking  lines  on  hides. 

Righinella  /  ;  board  under  a  mat- 
tress, or  fixed  upright  at  the  side  of  it. 

*  Righinetta  f. ;    i.    small    cornice   along    the 
facade   of  a   building   under  the   windows   of  each 
story,     ii.   an  old  Florentine  game. 

Righlnp  m. ;  i.  dim.  Rigo.  2.  in- 
complete line  of  print. 

Rigiacere  ind.  rigiaccio,  perf.  rigiac- 
qui,  part,  rigiaciuto ;  to  lie  down  again. 

Rigid-o  (L.,  v.  Rigore);  i.  as  E. 
2.  cold  (weather).  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -dtto 
dim.,  -ezza  or  -ita  sb.» 

Rigiocare ;  to  play  again. 

Rigir-are ;  i.  to  turn  round  again. 
2.  to  surround.  3.  to  employ  capital  in 
trade.  4.  to  round  off  a  phrase.  5.  -aria 
bene,  to  manage  a  difficulty  skilfully; 
-arsela  bene,  to  manage  one's  affairs 
satisfactorily.  6.  to  re-indorse.  7.  fig. 
to  deceive. 

Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ata,  -eVole,  -\Qfrtq.  sb. 


RIGIRO— RILEVATAMENTE 


499 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


to 


to 


Rigir-o  .m. ;  i.  v.  Rigirare.  2.  in- 
trigue with  a  woman.  3.  I  -i  del  flume, 
the  windings  of  the  river.  Aff.  -e^to 
dim. 

Rigir6ne  m. ;  great  deceiver. 

Rigiudic-are  ind.  rigiudico  -hi ; 
rejudge. 

*  Rigiugnere  ;  i.  to  rejoin,    ii.  to  arrive. 

Rigiurare ;  to  swear  again. 

Rignare  (var.  of  Ringhiare) ;  i, 
neigh.     2.  to  snarl. 

Rigno  m.  (v6st>.  of  Rignare);  *i.= 
Rancico,  sore  throat,  tii.  stench. 

•Rignone  w.;  =  Arnione,  kidney. 

Rigo  m.  (var.  of  Riga);  i.  straight- 
edge. 2.  line  ruled  for  writing  on. 
3.  boundary  line  at  a  ball  game. 

*i.  =  Frego.     ii.  =  Riga,  row.     iii.  =  Rio,  Rivo. 

Ri-gocciolare,  -gode"re;  to  drip,  en- 
joy (again). 

Rigoddne,  Rigol6ne  m.  (Fr.  ri- 
gattdon) ;  rigadoon,  a  lively  dance  for 
one  couple,  or  its  music  ;  formerly  in  the 
French  army  a  beat  of  drum  while 
culprits  were  being  marched  to  punish- 
ment. 

Rig6gli-o  tit.  (prob.  a  corr.  of 
Orgoglio) ;  i.  rankness,  exuberance. 
2.  hissing  of  boiling  water.  3.  maximum 
height  of  an  arch.  *  =  Orgoglio,  pride. 
Aff.  -osamente,  -ose'tto  dim.,  -6so. 

Rigbgolo  m.  (L.  auri-galgulus,<gal- 
fius,  v.  Giallo) ;  (ornitk.)  golden  oriole, 
Oriolus  galbula,  also  termed  —  comune, 
Giallone,  Graulo  gentile,  Oriplo. 

t  Rigola  f.   (var.    of   Regghia)  ;    gutter   at    the 
roadside. 

*  Rigolare  ;  to  groove. 

Rigole"tto  m.  (A);  contracted  dim. 
of  Rigogolo. 

(B)  (cogn.  Germ.  Reigen,  circle  of 
dancers,  <O.H.G.  rlga,  circular  line, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Rigol);  circle  of  dancers 
holding  hands. 

Rigolino  m.  (dim.  Rigo) ;  groove. 
Rigol6ne;  v.  Rigodone. 
tRi-gombitare,  -gomitare;  =  Vomitare. 
Rig6ne  m. ;  augm,  of  Rig-a,  or  -o. 
Rigonfl-are  ind.  rigdnfio  ;  to  swell 
up.     Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rigonfio  ;  swollen.  As  sb.,  swelling. 
Rig6r-e  m.  (L.  rigor,  akin  to  frigus 
and  Gr.  piyos,  root  srig,  cold) ;  i.  as  E. 
2.  =  Brivido,  shiver.  3.  stiffness  of  the 
limbs.  4.  (mil.)  Arresto  di-,  close  arrest. 
Aff.  -ismo  pedantic  rigorousness,  -ista, 
-osame'nte,  -osita,  -oso. 


*  Rigoso  ;  well  supplied  with  water. 

*  Rigottato  ;=  Ricciuto,  curly. 

Rigovern-are  ;  i.  to  set  in  order 
again  ;  —  gli  ulivi,  to  give  the  olive- 
trees  a  fresh  supply  of  manure.  2.  to 
wash  up  dishes.  Aff.  -ata. 

Rigovern-atura/  \\.v.  -are.  2.  dirty 
water  from  washing  up. 

*  Rigradare  ;  to  separate  into  grades. 


Rigravido  ;  pregnant  again. 
Rigrazie  ;  thank  you  again. 

t  Rigrettare ;  =  Rimpiangere. 

Rigridare  ;  to  cry  out  again. 

Riguadagnare ;  to  regain. 

Riguard-are  ;  i.  to  look  at  atten- 
tively. 2.  to  regard,  consider.  3.  to 
regard,  be  concerned  with.  4.  to  take 
care  of,  e.g.  one's  health,  or  a  delicate 
child  or  intr.  to  be  on  one's  guard  in 
such  matters.  5.  —  il  bucato,  to  look 
over  the  wash,  and  see  if  anything 
wants  mending,  as  opposed  to  Ris- 
contrare,  to  look  it  over  and  see  if  it  is 
all  there.  6.  —  il  tetto,  to  examine 
the  roof,  e.g.  for  a  leak.  7.  of  a  window, 
to  look;  Verone  che  -a  in  giardino, 
terrace  looking  out  on  to  the  garden. 
Aff.  -ata,  -atina,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Riguarddvole  ;  =  Ragguardevole, 
considerable. 

Riguard-o  in.;  i.  attention,  care; 
Senza  — ,  regardless.  2.  Persona  di  — , 
person  of  consequence.  3.  as  adv.,  in 
regard  to.  4.  A  —  di,  in  comparison 
with. 

•  i.  =  Sguardo,  look.  ii.  landmark,  D.  Inf.  26.  108. 
iii.  allowance  of  interest  for  a  loan.  Aff.  -osamente, 
-oso. 

Ri-guarire,  -guarnire ;  to  get  well, 
fit  out  (again). 

Riguast-are;  i.  to  damage  again, 
-arsi :  2.  to  get  out  of  order  again.  3.  to 
become  on  bad  terms  again. 

Ri-guatare,  -guernire,  -guidare, 
-guiderdonare ;  to  gaze  upon  again, 
re-line,  guide,  reward  (again). 

Rigurgit-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Gorge)  ;  to  be  crammed  full.  Aff. 
-aminto. 

Rigiirgito  m.  ;  i.  overflowing. 
2.  (med.)  regurgitation. 

Rilanciare  ;  to  launch  forth  again. 

Rilasci-are  ;  i.  to  leave  again.  2.  to 
release.  3.  to  give,  e.g.  a  receipt  or 
certificate.  4.  to  give  up,  e.g.  a  part 
of  one's  salary  to  liquidate  a  debt. 
5.  =  Rilassare,  to  weaken  ;  *to  relax, 
amuse.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o  sbs. 

Ri-  or  Re-lassare ;  i.  to  relax. 
2.  to  let  go.  3.  pres.  part,  -lassante, 
laxative. 

Aff.  Rilass-amente,  -atomento,  -atezza,  -ativo. 

Rilastricare  ind.  rildstri-co  -chi ;  to 
repave. 

Rilavare  ;  i.  to  wash  again.  2.  of 
unsuitable  food,  to  weaken  (lit.  dilute, 
the  stomach).  L'  acqua  rilava  lo  sto- 
maco,  water  is  bad  for  the  stomach. 

Rilavatura  / ;  washings. 

Rilecc-are  ;  i.  to  lick  again.  2.  fig. 
to  revise.  3.  part,  -ato  (pers.)  well- 
groomed. 

Rilegare  ind.  rite-go  -ghi  ;  i.  to 
fasten  up  again.  2.  =  Legare,  to  bind 
(books).  3.  —  1'  asino,  i.e.  to  take  another 


the  simple  word. 

nap.    4.  pop.  for  Relegare,  hence  5.  Ri- 
legato,  =  Esule,  exile. 

Rileg-at6re,     -atura,     -aturaccia 

-g.,  -aturina  dim. ;  v.  -are  (i)  and  (2). 

Rileggere  per/,  rilessi,  part,  riletto ; 
to  read  again. 

Rilent-e  or  -o ;  cautiously.  *As  adj. 
half  cold  (oven). 

Rilessare ;  to  boil  (meat)  again. 

Riless-ire  ind.  -isco ;  of  meat  baked 
too  slowly  or  too  much  damped,  to  seem 
like  boiled  meat. 

Riletamare  ;  to  manure  again. 

Rilevamento  m. ;  v.  -are. 

Rilevanza  /  ;=  Rilievo. 

Rilev-are  ind.   rilevo  (L.  relevare, 
but  in  some  of  the  meanings  <  ri-,  prefix, 
and  It.   levare);    i.  to  pick  up   again. 
2.  to  revive,  e.g.  impaired  discipline  or 
a  lost  art.    3.  of  a  midwife,  to  receive  the 
new-born   baby.     4.    to  nurse  children 
or  to  bring  them  up  after  being  weaned. 
5.  of  a  child  learning  to  read,  to  bring 
out     words     without     spelling     them 
through.     6.    of   a    speaker,    to    bring 
words    out    clearly.     7.     to    show    the 
character  of  a  design  by  a  few  strokes, 
to  sketch  it  in.     8.  to  gather  the  sense, 
e.g.  of  a  passage   or   the  tenour  of  a 
person's    intentions;     Ecco    le    parole 
che  gli  riusci  di  — ,  what  he  managed 
to  catch  was  this;   Dal  progresso  del- 
la   storia  si   -a  la  cagione   di   questo, 
the  cause   of  this  will   be  seen  as  the 
story  proceeds.     9.  to  point  out  (mis- 
takes).    10.   to  indemnify;  Entra  pure 
in  quest'  affare;  e  nel   caso  che  vada 
male,    ti    -ero    io    dei    danni,   join    in 
this  business  and  if  it  turns  out  badly 
I    will   make   the    loss   good    to    you. 
n.    to  relieve,   e.g.   a   sentry.     12.    to 
signify,  be  of  importance ;   Poco  -a,  it 
matters    very    little;    Aumento    -ante, 
considerable    increase.      13.    to    stand 
out   in   relief.     14-       -    in   capo,  or  il 
cappello;    of    new    wine,    to    ferment 
vigorously.      15.        -  il  bollore,    of  a 
liquid,   to   boil.     16.   of  bread,  to  rise. 

17.  —   un   fondaco,    una  bottega,   to 
take  it  over  from  the  former  manager. 

1 8.  to  buy  up,  e.g.  a  bankrupt  stock. 

19.  to  train  (birds)  to  sing,  Fringuello 
-ato,  trained  chaffinch.     20.   (mar.)  to 
take  a  bearing;   Per  dove  dovro  —  il 
fanale,  how  ought  1  to  make  the  light 
bear;    --or   Prendere   il   rilevamento 
alia  bussola,  to  take  a  magnetic  bear- 
ing ;  Prendere  il  rilevamento  del  sole, 
to  observe  the  sun's  amplitude.     21.   - 
una  costa,  to  survey  a  coast. 

-arsi  :  22.  to  get  out  of  bed  again. 
23.  to  pick  oneself  up  again  after  a 
fall. 

24.  Part,  -ato :  high.  Un  muro 
-ato  da  terra  due  metri,  a  wall  two 
metres  in  height. 

•-ato,  as  sb. :  i.  raised  bank.    ii.=  Rilievo,  relief, 
iii.  =Marciapiede,  pavement. 

Rilevatame"nte ;  i.  splendidly.  2.  in 
relief. 

63-2 


500 


RILEVATARIO— RIM  BOM  BARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Rilevatario  m.;  successor,  v.  Rile- 
vare(i;,  18). 

Rilevaticcio  ;  i.  risen  from  the 
ranks,  self-made.  2.  as  sb.  in  //.,  spreg., 
leavings,  v.  Rilievo  (5). 

Rilev-atdre,  -atura,  v.  -are. 

Rilevazi6ne  f. ;  indemnification,  v. 
Rilevare  (10). 

Ril&vo  m.  ;  education  of  young 
birds.  A  street-hawker  of  cage-birds 
may  cry  Bellini  per  — ,  nice  young 
birds,  well  trained.  *=  Rilievo. 

Riliberare;  to  set  free  again. 

Rilievo  m.  (I'bsb.  of  Rilevare  ;  for 
the  inserted  i  cp.  Lieve  <  L.  levis)  ; 

1.  projection  ;  C  e  qua  e  Ik  qualche  — 
nel  terreno,  some  slight  elevations  of 
the    ground    occur    here    and    there. 

2.  in    sculpture    and    painting,    relief. 

3.  importance,?/.  Rilevare  (12).   4.  Geo- 
metria  di  — ,    solid   geometry.      5.    in 
pi.  leavings  (of  food),  ///.  pickings  up, 
gleanings,  v.   Rilevare  (i).      6.    (mar.) 

—  di  un  ponte,  sheer,  curve  of  a  ship's 
deck.  7.  =  Rilevamento,  bearing,  -v. 
Rilevare  (20). 

Ri-limare,  -liquefare,  -lisciare, 
-litigare;  to  file,  liquefy,  polish  up, 
quarrel  (again). 

*Rilla/.;  =  Mentula. 

Rillo  m. ;  a  kind  of  harrow,  with- 
out teeth,  used  after  sowing  Indian 
corn. 

Ri-lodare,  -lordare,  -luccicare ;  to 

praise,  dirty,  shine  (again). 

Rillic-ere  ind.  riluco  riluci...,  subj. 
riluca,  perf.  riluc-di  or  -etti,  no  pass, 
part.  (L.);  to  shine,  to  glitter.  Aff. 
-ente"zza. 

Ri-  or  Re-lustrare ;  to  repolish. 

Ri-  or  Re-luttante ;  reluctant,  un- 
willing to  assent.  Aff.  Riluttanza. 

Rim-a  /  (A)  (Fr.  rime,  which  is 
either  <  L.  rhythmus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Rime,  or<  O.H.G.  rim,  row,  succession 
of  rows,  number ;  the  latter  derivation 
is  preferred  by  Korting);  i.  rhyme; 
Terza,  Ottava  — ,  v.  Terzo,  Ottavo; 
-  obbligata,  v.  Obbligato.  2.  Volere 
una  cosa  a  -e  obbligate,  to  require 
a  thing  whilst  prescribing  how  it  is  to 
be  done.  3.  Risponder  per  le  -e,  to 
give  a  precise  reply,  esp.  one  of  anger. 

*(B)(L.  n'ma,  cleft);  Assure. 

Ri-macchiare,  -macchinare  ;  to 
make  a  mess,  intrigue  (again). 

Rimaccia  / ;  pegg.  Rima. 

Ri-macinare,  -maledire;  to  grind, 
curse  (again). 

Rimalmezzo  m.\  rhyme  in  the  middle 
of  a  verse. 

Rimand-are ;  i.  to  send  again.  2.  to 
send  back.  3.  to  send  away.  4.  to 
refer  (a  reader  to  another  page). 
5.  to  postpone.  6.  -aria  giu,  to  sup- 
press what  one  was  about  to  say. 

*  i.  to  vomit,     ii.  to  order. 


Rimando  in. ;  i.  at  a  ball-game, 
return.  2.  reference,  v.  Ritnandare  (4). 
3.  Di  — ,  (a)  promptly,  (ff)  by  way  of 
reprisal.  4.  — dell' eccentrico,  eccentric- 
rod  gear,  in  a  steam-engine. 

Rimaneggi-are  ;  i.   v.  Maneggiare. 

2.  to  set  to  rights  again.   3.  to  remodel, 
e.g.  a  story.     Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rimanente  m. ;  remainder.  Del  — , 
for  the  rest. 

*  Rimanenza./;  i.  residue,     ii.  =  Fermata,  stay. 

Rimanere  ind.  rimango  rimani  ri- 
mane  rimaniamo  rimane'te  rimSngono, 
perf.  rimasi  rimane'sti...,  fut.  rimarro, 
subj.  rimanga,  part,  rimasto  or  (poet.) 
rimaso  (L.,  root  men,  cp.  Gr.  pc'vu)  ; 
i.  to  remain,  to  rest.  2.  to  be  situated. 

3.  —  or  —  di  sasso,  to  be  astonished, 
lit.  to  stand  still,  or  be  petrified  with 
astonishment  ;    Rimango  come  ancora 
non  m'  abbia  risposto,  I  cannot  imagine 
why  he  has  not  yet  answered  me.   4.  as 
a  sort  of  auxiliary  verb;  Molti  rimasero 
feriti,  many  people  were  hurt,  lit.  re- 
mained hurt ;  Finalmente   rimanemmo 
d'  accordo,  finally  we  came  to  an  agree- 
ment.      5.     to    be    caught,    ensnared. 

6.  —  da,  to  depend  upon,   rest  with. 

7.  to    leave    off ;     Non    rimase    dal 
piangere,  he  did  not  leave  off  crying. 

8.  —  al  di   sotto,   or  sul   lastrico,   to 
have    the    worst    of   it.      9.   —    senza 
colazione,    to    go     without    breakfast. 
10.       -  brutto,  to  be  baffled,     ii.   Ri- 
manete,  or  Rimanti  con  Dio,  good-bye. 
12.    Rimanerci,  to  die  there. 

Rimangi-are;  i.  to  eat  again,  eat 
more.  2.  to  eat  up,  e.g.  a  promise,  not 
to  fulfil  it.  3.  to  ill-treat  a  person,  'sit 
upon'  him.  4.  -arsi  le  lettere  parlando, 
to  drop  letters  in  talking,  as  Ara'  bai  for 
Avrk  i  bachi. 

tRimansiigliolo  >«.;  =  Rimasugliolo. 

Rimar-care  (Fr.  remarquer) ;  to 
draw  attention  to.  -chdvole;  remark- 
able, -co  m. ;  i.  remark.  2.  import- 
ance, consequence. 

Rimare  (A) ;  to  rhyme.  *(B) ;  =  L. 
rimari,  to  investigate. 

Rimarginare  (Rammarginare,  Rim- 
marginare);  i.  to  draw  the  margins 
together.  2.  intr.  to  heal  up. 

Rimario  /;/. ;  book  of  rhymes. 

Ri-maritare,  -masticare ;  to  marry, 

chew  (again). 

Rimaso  ;  poet,  for  Rimasto,  part,  of 
Rimanere. 

Rimasuglio  or  pop.  Rimasugliolo 
m. ;  residue. 

Rim-at6re  ;«.,  -atrice/;  rhymer. 

*  Rimazione_/;  investigation,  v.  Rimare  (B). 

Rimbacuccare ;  intens.  Imbacuc- 
care,  to  muffle. 

Rimbaldanzire ;  intens.  or  repel,  of 
Imbaldanzire. 

•Rimbaldcra./:;  greeting  of  feigned  affection. 

*  Rimbaldire  ;  to  cheer,  to  encourage. 


Rimballare ; 

pack  again. 


to  shake  about.  2.  to 


Rimbalzare ;  to  rebound. 

Rimbalzello  m. ;  making  ducks  and 
drakes. 

Rimbalzino  m. ;  bouncing  down 
coins  flat  upon  the  pavement  so  that 
they  rebound. 

Rimbalzo  m. ;  rebound.  Tiro  di  — , 
ricochet  shot. 

Rimbambime'nto  m.  •  second  child- 
hood. 

Rimbamb-inire  or  -ire  ind.  -isco ;  to 
become  childish. 

Rimbarbar-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
barbarous  again. 

Rimbarbqgire ;  intens.  Imbarbogire, 
to  become  childish. 

tRimbarbottare  ;  to  mutter  a  re- 
tractation. 

Rimbarc-are;  i.  tore-embark.  2.  to 
bend  over,  to  warp.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Rimbastare ;  to  reload  with  a  pack- 
saddle. 

Rimbastire  ;  to  run  (sew)  again,  v. 
Imbastire. 

Rimbavare;  intern.  Imbavare,  to 
drivel. 

Rimbecc-are  ind.  rimbdcco;  i.  to 
answer  back,  answer  sharply.  2.  -arsi, 
to  peck  each  other,  to  quarrel. 

*i.  to  return  the  ball  after  the  service,  ii.  to 
drive  back ;  La  colpa  che  rimbecca  Per  dritta  oppo- 
sizione  alcun  peccato,  the  fault  which  is  the  exact 
opposite  of  some  other  sin,  D.  Purg.  22.  49.  iii.  to 
get  an  unfair  advantage. 

Rimbe'cco  m. ;  sharp  answer. 

Rimbecillire ;  intens.  Imbecillire, 
to  be  silly. 

Rimbell-ire  ind.  -isco ;  tr.  or  intr.,  to 
increase  in  beauty. 

Rimbeltempire  ind.  rimbeltempisce ; 
to  be  fine  weather  again. 

*  Rimberciare ;  to  patch, 
t  Rimbercio  m. ;  wristband. 

Rimbere,  RimbeVere;  to  moisten, 
v.  Bere. 

Rim-biancare,  -bietolire,  -biettare, 
-biondire,  -birbonire,  -bizzarrire  ;  to 
whitewash,  become  stupid,  wedge  up, 
grow  fair,  turn  rogue,  get  excited 
(again). 

fRimbiutare;  refet.  Imbiutare. 

Rimbobolare ;  v.  Ribobolare. 

Rimbocc-are    ind.    rimbocco    -hi  ; 

1.  to  turn  up,  e.g.  one's  sleeves,  turn 
back,   turn   down   (bed-clothes).     2.  to 
tuck  up,  e.g.  a  skirt.     3.  =  Rabboccare, 
to  grout  (a  wall). 

*i.  to  turn  upside  down.  ii.  =  Traboccare,  to 
overflow,  iii.  to  blunt,  iv.  of  a  horse,  to  fall  down. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Rimb6-cco,  //.  -ccbi,  /«. ;  i.  turning 
up,  e.g.  trousers  so  as  to  shorten  them. 

2.  the  turned-down  part  of  the  sheets 
of  a  bed.     *=Ribocco,  overflow. 

+  Rimbollorire ;  i.  of  boiling  water,  to  hiss. 
ii.  of  manure,  to  ferment. 

Rimbomb-are ;  to  resound.  Aff.  -10 
freq.  sb. 


RIMBOMBO— RIMONTARE 


Rimbombo    / 
cannonade. 

Rimbors-are  ;  to  reimburse.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ame'nto. 

*  RimborsazioneyC;   replacing  names  in  a  bag 
for  drawing. 

Rimb6rso  ;//. ;  vbsb.  Rimborsare. 

Rimbosc-are  or  -hire ;  to  reafforest. 
Aff.  -ame'nto  or  -hime'nto. 

t  Rimbotolarsi  ;=Ravvolgersi,  to  wrap  oneself 
up. 

Rimbottare ;  to  refill  casks.  —  sulla 
feccia,  (<?)  to  continue  drinking  when 
already  drunk,  (b)  fig.  to  make  bad 
worse. 

t  Rimbozzolire  ;=  Intorpidire,  to  grow  torpid. 

Rimbrancare  ;  to  bring  back  into 
the  herd. 

Rimbrattare  ;  to  make  dirty  again. 

Rimbrecci-are  ind.  rimbre'ccio  ;  to 
strew  with  fresh  gravel.  Aff.  -ata, 
-atura. 

+  Rimbrenciare  ;  =  Rabberciare,  to  patch. 

*  Rimbrencio  m.\=  Brincello,  little  piece. 

*  Rirnbrentine  «.;=Imbrentine,  rock-rose. 

Rimbriccicare  ;  =  Rabbriccicare,  to 
patch  up. 

Rimbricconire ;  to  become  a  worse 
rogue. 

*  Rimbrividire  ;  to  shudder. 

Rimbroccare ;  to  hit  the  mark  again. 

*  Rimbroccio  m.  (v.  Rimprocciare) ;  =  Rimbrotto, 
reproof. 

t  Rimbrocciolare  ;  =  Rimbrodolare. 

Rimbrodol-are  ind.  rimbrodolo ; 
i.  to  distemper  (a  wall)  anew.  2.  fig. 
-aria,  to  make  the  best  excuse  one  can. 
Aff.  -one,  -ona. 

Rimbrogliare ;  intens.  Imbrogliare. 

Rimbrontolare    ind.    rimbrontolo ; 

1.  to  scold.     2.  =  Rinfacciare. 

Rimbrott-are  (** reprobitarc,  an 
intensive  of  L.  reprobare) ;  i.q.  Rim- 
brontolare. Aff.  -o  sb. 

Rimbrunire ;  i.q.  Imbrunire,  to 
darken. 

Rimbruschire  ;  to  get  vexed  again. 

Rim-bmtire,  -bruttire,  -bucare, 
-bucatare;  to  get  brutal,  ugly  (again), 
to  put  again  in  a  hole,  in  the  wash. 

Rimbucciarsi ;  of  an  animal,  to  get 
its  skin  clean  or  healthy  again. 

Rimbuire  ;  intens.  Imbuire,  to  get 
stupid. 

Rimbullettare ;  to  put  in  fresh  nails. 

Di    — ,    taking    one    year    with 
=  Rimurchiare,  to  tow. 

Rimburreggiare ;  to  flatter  ful- 
somely. 

Rimbussolare ;  i.  to  shake  up  the 
numbers  in  the  box  before  drawing  one. 

2.  to  rattle  the  money  in  one's  purse. 

3.  scherz.  =  Bastonare,  to  beat. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 
roar,    e.g.    of   a 


*  Rimbuono  ; 
another. 

•Rimburchiare;  = 


•Rimbustare;  —  al  dosso  d'  uno,  to  copy  the 
work  of  another,  plagiarise. 

•Rimbusteccorare;  =  Grogiolare,  to  cuddle 
oneself. 

Rimbuzzare ;  to  over-feed. 

Rimbuzzurrire ;  to  make  rough 
again,  v.  Buzzurro. 

Rimedi-are  ind.  rimedio  ;  i.  as  E. 
2.  to  earn,  some  small  sum  ;  Per  oggi 
ho  -ato  la  cena,  per  domani  qualche 
santo  aiutera,  I  have  earned  my  supper 
for  to-day,  the  Lord  will  provide  me 
to-morrow.  3.  -aria,  to  rub  along, 
make  enough  to  live  upon.  Aff.  -abile, 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Rimedi-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)\  as  E. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim. 

*  Rimedire  (metathesis  of  Redimere)  ;  i.  to  pay 
ransom  to  brigands  for  a  prisoner,  or  to  play  black- 
mail for  freedom  from  molestation,    ii.  =  Prpcacciare, 
to  procure,    tiii.  Tener  rimedito,  to  keep  in  repair. 

Rimeditare  iiul.  rimedito;  to  meditate  again. 

Rimeggiare  itid.  rimeggio ;  to  make 
silly  verses. 

*  Rimeggio  m. ;  =  Remeggio,  rowing. 

Rimembr-anza,  -are ;  as  E. 

Rimen-are  ind.  rimeno;  i.  to  bring 
back.  2.  to  handle,  to  stir ;  —  la  pasta, 
to  roll  the  pastry.  Aff.  -ata  sb. 

Rimenda  / ;  =  Ammenda. 

Rimend-are ;  intens.  Mendare,  to 
mend  skilfully.  Aff.  -atora,  -atura,  -fno 
dim.  ^>ezz.,  -o  sb. 

Rimenio  in. ;  shaking  up. 

*  Rimeno  w.;i.  return,     ii.  =  MatterelIo,  stirrer. 

*  Rimentire  ;  to  contradict. 

Rimeria  / ;  poor  poetry. 

Rimerit-are  ind.  rimerito;  to  requite. 
Aff.  -abile,  -o  sb. 

Rimescere  iiid.  rim^-sco  -sci  ;  to 
re-mix. 

Rimescol-are  ind.  rimescolo ;  i .  to 
stir  up.  2.  to  shuffle  (cards).  3.  —  il 
sarrgue,  or  simply  — ,  to  shiver,  e.g.  with 
fear.  4.  (mil.)  to  return  to  the  thick  of 
the  light. 

Aff.  -anza,  -ata,  -atamente,  -atina  <rYw.,  -'iQ/req. 
or  inttns.,  -o  sb.t  -6ne  tiugm.  of  -o. 

Rime"ssa  /.  (<  Rimettere)  ;  i.  re- 
placement. 2.  store,  provision.  3.  re- 
mittance, usu.  of  money.  4.  at  a  ball- 
game,  return.  5.  of  plants,  shooting  or 
the  snoots  themselves.  6.  in  trade,  loss. 
7.  coach-house. 

*  i.  =  Aggiunta,  correction,     ii.  =  Remissione. 

Rimess-accia  /  ;  pegg-  of  -a. 
-ame'nte ;  humbly,  -fbile ;  pardonable, 
-ina  / ;  dim.  of  -a.  -i6ne ;  pop.  for 
Remissione.  -iticcio  m. ;  sucker  from 
the  root  of  a  plant. 

Rime'ss-o;  i. part.  Rimettere.  2.  as 
adj.,  cowed.  3.  Uomo  — ,  low  fellow. 
4.  Voce  -a,  weak  voice.  5.  as  s6.,  inlaid 
work,  marquetry. 

Rimesta  /  ;  stirring  up.     "reproof. 

Rimestare  ind.  rime'sto;  to  stir  up 
again. 

Rime'tt-ere  perf.  rimisi,  part,  ri- 
messo;  i.  to  replace,  put  back.  2.  of 
plants,  to  throw  out  (shoots),  of  young 


the  simple  word. 

animals,  to  cut  (teeth),  to  develop 
(feathers).  3.  at  cards,  to  put  down 
another  stake.  4.  to  repay  (a  loan). 
5.  to  remit  money.  6.  to  make  up, 
e.g.  for  lost  time  or  opportunity;  Do- 
mani -ero  la  lezione  che  dovevo  far 
oggi,  I  will  give  the  lecture  to-morrow 
which  I  was  going  to  give  to-day ;  — 
lo  stomaco,  to  take  some  food.  7.  to 
forgive,  or  of  a  priest,  to  absolve.  8.  in 
trade,  to  lose;  Ha  voluto  aprir  bot- 
tega  ma  ci  -e,  he  was  determined  to 
keep  a  shop,  but  he  is  losing  by  it. 
9.  to  refer  for  arbitration.  10.  La 
-o  in  lei,  I  depend  upon  your  dis- 
cretion, n.  Mi  -o  in  lei,  I  place  my- 
self in  your  hands.  12.  to  put  off, 
e.g.  an  excursion.  13.  -ersi,  not  to 
insist  upon  one's  own  view ;  Ho  es- 
presso 1'  animo  mio,  ma  mi  -o,  or  me 
ne  -o,  I  have  expressed  my  view  but  I 
do  not  wish  to  insist  upon  it.  14.  -ersi, 
of  the  weather,  to  improve.  15.  intr., 
e.g.  of  fever,  to  abate.  16.  Part. 
rimesso,  v.  supra  in  loco. 

Phrases:  17.  —  il  conto,  to  send 
in  the  account.  18.  —  il  taglio  a,  to 
sharpen.  19.  -  -  su,  to  bring  into 
fashion.  20.  -ersi  in  carne,  to  get  fat 
again. 

Rimettiticcio  m. ;  second  crop,  of 
forage  plants. 

Rimett-it6re,  -itora.  -itura;  v.  -ere. 

Rimi-gliorare,  -nacciare ;  to  better, 
menace  (again). 

Ri-  or  Re-mirare ;  to  gaze  at  atten- 
tively. 

Ri-mischiare,  -misurare ;  to  remix, 
remeasure. 

Rim-magriro,  -maltare,  -inatto- 
nare,  -melensire,  -melmarsi;  to  grow 
thin  again,  replaster,  repave,  grow 
stupid,  sink  again  into  the  mud. 

Rimmincbionire ;  to  grow  stupid. 

Rimmiserirsi  ;  to  become  poor 
again. 

Rimmo ;  v.  Ritmo. 

Rimmollare ;  to  resoak. 

Rimod-ellare,  -erare ;  to  model, 
moderate  (again). 

Rimodern-are;  to  modernise.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atura. 

t  Rimolchiare  ;- Rimorchiare,  to  tow. 

Rimolestare  ;  to  molest  again. 

*  Rimolinare ;  =  Rammulinare,  to  whirl  up. 

Rimoltiplicare ;  to  multiply  again. 

Rimond-are  ind.  rimondo ;  i.  intens. 
or  repet.  Mondare,  to  clean.  2.  to  clear 
away  the  dead  wood  of  a  plant.  Aff. 
-atura,  -o  sync.  part. 

Rimdnta  f. ;  i.  repairing,  esp.  of 
boots  and  hats.  2.  providing  remounts 
for  cavalry. 

Rimont-are  ind.  rimdnto;  i.  to  re- 
mount. 2.  —  un  fiume,  to  go  upstream. 
3.  to  repair  (boots  or  hats).  4.  to  put, 
e.g.  a  watch,  in  order  again.  Aff. 
-atura. 


502 


RIMORCHIARE— RIMURCHIARE 


Ri-  or  Re-morchi-are  ind.  -mbrchio 
-mbrchi  (Rimurchiare,  Rimolchiare)  ; 
(A)  to  tow.  Aff.  -atore. 

Etynt.  bit.  **  retnulcvlare ,  dim.  of  L.  remttl- 
C(tr£t  =  Or.  pv/iouAte'w,  <  pvfi-a,  towing-line,  t'AK  w,  to 
draw.  'Puna  is<**pvo>,  =  epi>io,  to  drag. 

*(B)=Sgridare  per  amore,  to  cry  out  against,  to 
grumble  at,  in  play. 

Rimbrchio  m. ;  \.  towing.  2.  tow- 
line. 

Rimbrd-ere ;  i.  to  bite  again.  2.  of 
the  conscience,  to  prick.  *  =  Rampog- 
nare,  to  scold.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Rimor-ire;  I.  jig.,  of  a  politician, 
to  die  again.  2.  -irsi,  of  water,  to  get 
dead. 

Rimormorare  ind.  rimormoro ;  to 
murmur  again. 

Rimbrso;  \.part.  Rimordere.  2.  as 
sb.,  remorse. 

•Rimorto;  twice  dead,  D.  Purg.  24.  4. 
*  Rimoso  (L.) ;  full  of  cracks. 

Rimbsso;  part.  Rimovere. 

Rimostr-are ;  I .  intens.  or  repet.  of 
Mostrare.  2.  to  remonstrate.  Aff. 
-anza. 

Rimotamente ;  remotely. 

Ri-  or  Re-mbto ;  i .  remote.  2. 
(gram.)  — ,  or  Passato  — ,  perfect 
(also  called  past  definite)  tense. 

Rimbvere,  Rimubvere  perf.  rimbssi 
rimove'sti...,  part,  rimbsso;  i.  to  re- 
move. 2.  to  dissuade. 

Aff.  Rimov-  or  Remov-ibile,  -imento,  -itore, 
-itrice,  Remozione. 

Rim-paciare,  -padronirsi,  -pagi- 
nare  ;  to  pacify,  appropriate,  make  up 
in  pages  (again). 

Rimpagli-are ;  to  re-seat  (a  straw- 
seated  chair).    Aff.  -atore,  -atora,  -atura 
(the  work,  or  its  cost). 
tRimpalare  ;  to  shovel  in. 

Rimpall-are  ;  at  billiards,  to  kiss. 
Aff.  -o. 

t  Rimpallonire  ;  =  Rinfratire. 

Rimpanare ;  to  re-cut  the  worm  of 
a  screw. 

Rimpannucciarsi ;  to  be  better  off, 
lit.  wear  better  clothes. 

Rimpantanarsi ;  to  get  bogged 
again. 

Rimpappinarsi ;  to  get  mixed  up 
with. 

Rimparare ;  to  learn  again. 

Rimpastare ;  i.  to  knead  again. 
2.  to  recast,  remodel.  3.  to  stick  on 
again.  4.  to  have,  expressing  emphasis ; 
Che  miseria  si  rimpasta,  what  utter 
wretchedness  he  lives  in  ;  Con  quella 
fisonomia  che  si  rimpasta,  with  that 
appalling  physiognomy  that  he  has. 

Rimpasticci-are ;  to  jumble  up 
again.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Rimpast-o  tn. ;  vbsb.  -are. 

Rimpastranarsi  ind.  mi  rimpas- 
trano  ;  to  wrap  up  well. 

Rimpatacc-are ;  to  soil  again,  -arsi, 
to  be  reconciled  again. 


For  the  det  ivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

to    repatriate.      Aff.  '  Rimpippiare;  to  stuff  full. 

Rimpollare  ;   to  sprout  again  from 
the  root. 

Rimpolpare  ;  to  make  fat  again. 
Rimpolpettare ;  i.  to  put  to  rights 


Rimpatri-are  ; 
-o,  vbsb. 

Rimpazz-are,  -ire ;  to  go  mad  again. 

*  Rimpecciare ;  to  meet  by  chance,  lit.  to  run 
against  with  the  belly,  Peccia. 


Rimpeciare;  repet.  or  intens.  Im- 
peciare,  to  tar. 

Rimpedulare  ind.  rimpedulo ;  to 
knit  a  fresh  foot  to  a  stocking.  Dare 
il  cervello,  gli  orecchi,  la  lingua  a  — , 
to  be  silly,  deaf,  dumb,  lit.  to  send 
one's  brain,  etc.,  away  for  a  new  foot. 

Rimpegnare  ind.  rimpe'gno ;  to  re- 
engage. 

Rimpelarsi ;  to  grow  a  fresh  coat 
of  hair. 

Rimpellare ;  i.  to  cover  with  fresh 
leather.  2.  to  underpin  a  dangerous 
wall,  rebuilding  it  bit  by  bit. 

Rimpellicciare ;  to  wrap  up  close. 

Rimpell-O  ;«. ;  underpinning. 

Rimpennacchiare ;  to  deck  with 
fresh  plumes. 

Rimpennare;  repet.  Impennare. 

Rimpettaio ;  opposite,  on  the  oppo- 
site side. 

Rimpettirsi ;  to  carry  one's  head 
high. 

Rimpetto  (It.  re-,  in,  petto)  ;  =  Di- 
rimpetto,  opposite. 

Rimpiacciccottare ;  to  repair  clum- 
sily. 

Rimpiagare;  intens.  Impiagare. 

Rimpiallacciare ;  intens.  Impiallac- 
ciare,  to  veneer. 

Rimpianellare ;  to  re-tile. 

Rimpiangere  ;  to  lament  over. 

Rimpianto  ;«. ;  regret. 

Rimpiastrare ;  repet.  Impiastrare. 

Rimpiastricciare ;  repet.  Impiastric- 
ciare. 

Rimpiattare  (///.  to  flatten  in,  <  re-, 
in,  piatto,  flat) ;  to  hide  away. 

Rimpiatterello  m.  ;  Fare  a  — ,  to 
play  hide  and  seek. 

Rimpiattino  m. ;  i.q.  Rimpiatterello. 

Rimpiazz-are  (formed  upon  Fr. 
remplacer) ;  =  Surrogare,  to  act  as  sub- 
stitute for.  Aff.  -o  vbsb. 

Rimpicciare  ;=  Rimediare,  to  mend. 

Rimpiccinire ;  tr.  or  intr.,  to  make 
or  grow  smaller. 

Rimpicc-iolire,  -olire;  i.q.  Rimpic- 
cinire. 

Rimpieg-are ;  to  employ  again. 
Aff.  -o  vbsb. 

Rimpinconire  ;  to  become  a  fool. 

Rimpinguare ;  to  flatten  again. 

Rimpinz-are;  to  over-fill,  to  cram. 
Aff.  -ata  sb. 

Rimpiombare ;  to  stop  (lit.  fill  with 
lead)  (a  tooth)  again. 


again,  to  smooth  over,  to  try  to  take 
away  the  effect  of  some  indiscreet  re- 
mark or  act.  2.  to  scold,  to  rate 
soundly.  3.  to  re-fashion,  to  adapt. 

Etym.     IL  polpetta,  ball  of  stuffing;  the  sense 
of  repairing  an  indiscretion  being  a  metaphor  from 
the  working  up  of  a  polpetta. 
*  Rimpolsare ;  to  reinvigorate. 

Rimpoltron-ire  ind.  -isco ;  tr.  or 
intr.,  to  make  or  get  lazy. 

tRimpor-care,  -gare  ;  =  Ripassare  coll'  aratro 
sugli  spigoli  delle  porchc,  to  plough  down  the  ridges 
where  ground  has  been  landed  up  for  a  corn-crop. 

Rimpossessare ;  to  put  in  possession 
again. 

Rimpostemire  ;  to  suppurate  again. 

Rimpottinicciare  ;  =  Raffazzonare 
alia  meglio,  to  put  more  or  less  into 
shape. 

Rimpoverire  ;  to  impoverish  again. 

Rimpozzare ;  to  stagnate,  have  no 
outlet. 

Rimpraticbire ;  to  make  thoroughly 
expert. 

Rimpre-  or  Rimpro-sciuttire ;  to  get 
wizened. 

Rimprimere ;  to  re-impress. 

Rimprocci-are ;  to  reproach  with. 
Aff.  -o  sb. 

Etynt.  From  some  bit.  form  "rcprfpiare  or 
**  reprobicare '.  cp.  Provenc,.  rtpropchar.  Span,  rc- 
prockar,  Fr.  nproclur.  Similar  contractions  are 
seen  in  Fr.  clacker,  to  limp,  <  *•  cloficare,  pencher, 
to  lean  over,<" pendicarc.  V.  Skeat,  sut  Reproach. 

Rimprosciuttire ;  v.  Kimpresciuttire. 
*  Rimprottare  ;  —  Rimbrottare,  to  scold. 

Rimprover-are  ind.  rimprbvero  (in- 
tens. <  late  L.  improperare,  to  upbraid, 
a  corr.  of  L.  improbare,  to  disapprove, 
perhaps  influenced  by  the  classical  L. 
improperare,  to  hasten);  i.  to  reprove. 
2.  to  taunt  with.  3.  of  the  stomach, 
to  find  (some  food)  indigestible.  Aff. 
-.Ibile. 

Rimprbver-o  m. ;  i.  v. -are.  2.  Che 
-i  c'  e  da  fare  al  suo  viso,  spirito?  what 
fault  is  to  be  found  with  his  appearance, 
disposition  ? 

Rimpulizzire ;  i.  to  clean  up.  2.  to 
dress  in  new  clothes. 

Rimuggh-iare,  -ire ;  to  roar  again. 

Rimuginare  ind.  rimugino ;  i.  to 
stir.  2.  to  ponder. 

Etynt.  L.  mugittar,  to  dally,  lit.  to  say  mug, 
cp.  itufio,  to  low,  of  cattle,  Gr.  M"?",  to  groan, 
piiyfiof,  a  sigh. 

•Rimula./;  crack,  fissure. 

Rimuner-amentp,  -are,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atorio,  -azione;  as  E. 

Rimungere ;  to  milk  again. 

t  Rimunire ;  =  Rimondare. 

Rimubvere ;  v.  Rimovere. 

Rimurare;  i.  to  wall  up,  close  (a 
window).  2.  to  immure.  3.  to  rebuild 
the  walls  of. 

*  Rimurchiare ;  v.  Rimorchiare. 


RIMUTARE— RINCRESCERE 


503 


Bimut-are ;  intens.  or  repet.  Mutare. 
Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -ame'nto. 

Binacciare  (It.  acciaio) ;  to  put  a 
steel  edge  to  a  tool. 

Rinacerbire  ;'  to  embitter,  exacer- 
bate. 

Rinalberare ;  to  hoist  (a  flag)  again. 

Rinaldesca  f. ;  name  of  a  variety  of 
grape  and  vine. 

Rin-anellare ;  to  re-curl  (hair). 
-animire;  to  re-animate,  -arcare;  to 
bend  again,  -argentare  ;  to  re-silver. 

Rinarrare ;  to  relate  again. 
Rinascenza/;  i.q.  Rinascimento. 

Rinascere  perf,  rinacqui,  part,  ri- 
nato;  I.  to  be  born  again.  2.  fig.  to 
be  renewed,  or  revived. 

Rinascimento  ;«.,  Rinascenza  /  ; 
T.  v.  Rinascere.  2.  the  Renaissance,  or 
revival  of  the  study  of  ancient  art  and 
literature  which  took  place  in  Italy  and 
thence  in  Europe  generally,  in  the  I5th 
century. 

Rinascita/. ;  i.  v.  Rinascere.  2.= 
Rinascimento. 

Rinasprire ;  to  make  sour  again. 

Rincacciare ;  to  drive  back. 

Rincagn-arsi  (It.  cane);  to  scowl. 
Naso  -ato,  turned  up  nose,  resembling 
that  of  a  dog. 

Rincalcagnare ;  to  press  back. 
Rincalcare ;  to  press  down  (a  hat). 

*  Rincalcettare ;    to   "shut   up"  a   person,  v. 
Calcetto. 

Rincalciare ;  to  kick  back. 

Rincalcinare  ind.  rincalcino;  i.  to 
re-whitewash.  2.  to  dress  ground  with 
fresh  lime. 

Rincalorire ;  to  make  hot  again. 

Rincalz-are;  i.  to  earth  up  a  plant 
by  way  of  protection  or  support.  2.  to 
force  (the  growth  of  trees).  3.  to  fix, 
as  bottles  in  a  case  by  stuffing  straw 
round  and  between  them.  4.  to  prop 
a  door  so  that  it  remains  open.  5.  to 
tuck  in  the  sheets  and  blankets  of  a 
bed.  6.  Andare  a  —  i  cavoli,  i.e.  to 
die.  7.  to  follow  up  closely;  Viene 
una  febbre  -a  la  seconda,  if  an  attack 
of  fever  comes,  a  second  attack  follows 
closely  upon  it.  Aff.  -amento,  -ata. 

Rincalz-atore  m.  •  i.  v.  -are.  2.  a 
kind  of  plough  with  a  long  narrow  shaft. 

Rincalz-atura  / ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Rincalz-o  m. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  fig. 
unexpected  assistance  or  subsidy. 

Rincamminarsi ;  to  set  out  again. 

Rincanal-are ;  i.  to  canalise  (a 
stream)  again.  2.  fig.  to  bring  (a  busi- 
ness) into  good  condition  again.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*Rincanata/;=Rabbuffo,  threatening  rebuke. 

Rincannare ;  to  cover  with  fresh 
canes. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

Rinchiomarsi ;  to  grow  fresh  hair, 
or  leaves. 


Rincantare  ;  to  re-offer  at  auction. 
*to  cease  loving. 

Rincantucciarsi ;  to  retire  into  a 
corner. 

Rincapparsi ;  to  be  trapped  again. 

Rincappellare ;  i.  to  mix  old  wine 
with  new,  or  put  it  in  a  vat  with  new 
grapes,  so  as  to  strengthen  it.  2.  to 
catch  a  fresh  cold  in  the  head. 

*  Rincappellazioney^;  scolding. 

Rincappottare ;  to  muffle  oneself  up. 

Rincappricciarsi ;  to  take  a  fancy 
again. 

Rincarare;  i.  to  raise,  or  intr.,  to 
rise,  in  price.  2.  fig.  —  la  dose,  to 
increase  the  dose,  following  a  word 
with  a  blow.  3.  —  il  fitto,  to  raise  the 
rent,  i.e.  do  his  worst ;  Se  non  gli  piace, 
mi  rincari  il  fitto,  lit.  if  he  does  not  like 
it  let  him  raise  my  rent  (and  I  will 
leave),  as  a  mode  of  expressing  indif- 
ference. 

Rincarcerare ;  to  re-incarcerate. 

Rincarnare ;  to  make  plump  again. 

Rincarnirsi ;  i.  of  a  wound,  to  close. 
2.  to  grow  plump  again.  3.  of  a  finger 
or  toe-nail,  to  grow  into  the  flesh  again. 

Rincaro  m. ;  rise  in  price.  Dare  il 
—  a  un  pigionale,  to  raise  the  rent  of  a 
lodger. 

Rincartare  ;  i.  to  wrap  up  in  paper. 
2.  —  i  panni,  to  press  cloth,  v.  Cartone 
(4).  3.  of  sheep,  to  grow  the  fresh  wool 
after  shearing. 

Rincarto  m. ;  (bookt.}  inset :  a  small 
quire  inserted  in  a  quire  when  for  pur- 
poses of  correction  or  of  convenience 
only  half  a  sheet  has  been  printed  upon. 
t  Rincartrire ;  =  Cementare. 

Rincasare ;  to  return  home. 

Rincassare ;  i.  to  re-set  a  jewel. 
2.  to  turn  into  cash  again;  II  cap! tale 
si  doveva  — ,  the  capital  had  to  be 
made  good. 

Rincastonare ;  to  re-set  (a  stone). 

Rin-catenare,  -catramare ;  to  chain 
up,  tar  (again). 

Rincattivire ;  to  get  worse. 

Rincavallare ;  to  provide  with  a 
fresh  horse. 

Rincavare ;  to  hollow  out  deeper. 

*  Rinceffare;  =  Rinfacciare. 

Rincentrare  ;  to  turn,  <>.£•.  a  billiard- 
ball,  again,  so  that  it  becomes  truly 
spherical.  *to  concentrate. 

Rinceppare;  to  refix  on  the  block, 
v.  Ceppo. 

•Rin-cerconire,  -circonire ;  of  wine,  to  turn 
sour. 

*  Rincerottare  ;  to  furbish  up. 

Rinchiccolirsi  (tRinchiccolarsi)  ind. 
mi  rinchfccolo;  to  get  oneself  up  co- 
quettishly. 

Rinchinare ;  to  bow  down  low. 

Rinchiocciolire ;  intr.  to  draw  in 
like  a  snail. 


Rinchiudere  ;  to  shut  in. 

Rinciampare  ;  i.  to  stumble  over 
again.  2.  to  stumble  up  against  (a 
person)  again. 

Rincignare  ;  repet.  Incignare. 
Rincignere ;  to  impregnate  again. 

Rincincignare ;  to  rumple,  to  crush 
into  folds. 

Rinciprignire ;  intens.  Inciprignire. 

*  Rincirconire  ;  7>.  Rincerconire. 

Rincitrullire ;  intens.  or  repet.  In- 
citrullire. 

Rinciuchire ;  to  become  more  stupid 
than  ever. 

Rincivilire ;  intens.  or  repet.  In- 
civilire. 

Rincbcere ;  intens.  Incocere. 

Rincollare ;  i .  of  water,  to  be 
heaped  up  by  a  dam.  2.  to  paste  or 
glue  together  again. 

Rincollerire ;  to  grow  angry  again. 
Rincbllo  m. ;  damming. 

*  Rinconchina  yi  ;=  Inchino  aggraziato. 

*  Rinconsare;=Inseguire,  to  pursue. 

Rincontrare;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
contrare,  to  meet. 

Rincontro  in. ;  i.  meeting.  2.  com- 
parison. 3.  new  piece,  new  part,  in  a 
machine.  4.  vine-prop.  5.  as  adv., 
opposite. 

Rincoppellare ;  to  re-cupel  silver. 

Rincoragg-iare,  -ire  ;  repet.  or 
inlens.  of  Incoraggire,  to  encourage. 

Rincor-are  ;  to  cheer.  *-arsi,  to 
expect.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rincordare ;  to  string  afresh,  e.g.  a 
violin. 

Rincordonire  ;  to  become  a  fool 
again. 

Rincorniciare ;  to  re-frame. 
Rincorporare ;  to  re-incorporate. 
Rinc6rrere ;  to  pursue. 

Rinc6rsa  / ;  lit.  step  back  pre- 
paratory to  a  jump  forward,  but  only 
used  in  the  phrases  (i)  Prendere,  or 
Pigliare  la  — ,  to  dart  off,  (2)  Di  — , 
speedily.  Scarpe,  Vestito  che  entrano 
di  — ,  lit.  which  go  on  with  a  run,  i.e. 
which  are  too  large. 

t  Rincorsare ;  =  Fare    il    corso    alia 
tela,  to  mount  the  web  upon  the  frame. 

Rincottatura  /;  wrinkling  of  a 
hide. 

Rincre'sc-ere  perf.  rincre'bbi,  parts. 
-ente,  -iuto;  it  is  only  used  in  the  3rd 
person  (It.  increscere,  in  sense  of 
adding  to  the  burden,  with  intensive 
prefix);  to  be  distasteful.  Mi  -e,  I  am 
sorry.  Me  ne  -e,  I  regret  it.  La  vita 
gli  -e,  his  life  is  a  burden  to  him.  -ente 
di  non  avervi  potuto  giovare,  regretting 
that  I  have  been  unable  to  assist  you. 


RINCRESCEVOLE— RINGALE 


2.  re- 


Fare 


RincresceVol-e ;  i.  annoying 
grettable.  Aff.  -e"zza,  -me"nte. 

Rincrescime'nto  m. ;  regret. 
—  a,  to  annoy. 

•i.  sea-sickness,     ii.  additional  penalty. 

Rincresci6so  ;  i.q.  Increscioso,  an- 
noying. 

Eincrespare ;  to  re-curl. 

t  Rincriccare;=  Balzare  il  cibo  netlo  stomaco  in 
chi  va  a  cavallo  dope  mangiato,  to  jerk  about. 
t  Rincricchiarsi ;  =  Rmchiccolirsi. 

Rincrociare;  i.  repet.  Incrociare. 
2.  in  weaving,  to  put  the  cross-threads 
double. 

Rincrostare;  i.  tore-plaster.  2.  to 
veneer  again. 

Rincrudelire ;  i.  to  become  cruel 
again.  2.  of  an  illness,  to  get  worse. 

Rincrud-ire;  i.  of  meat,  to  become 
hard  in  cooking.  2.  of  weather,  to  get 
more  severe.  3.  generally,  to  become 
harsher.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Rincrunare  ;  to  pass  the  needle  into 
the  same  hole  more  than  once. 

Rincruscolire ;  =  Riaversi,  to  feel 
refreshed. 

tRincuccolire;=Rintontire,  to  deafen. 

Rincul-are ;  to  recoil.  Aff.  -amento, 
-ata,  -o,  sbs. 

Rineubcere ;  to  re-heat  (metal). 

Rincup-ire  ind.  -isco  j  to  get  darker. 

Rincurvare ;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
curvare. 

Rindebit-are,  -ire,  ind.  -o  or  -isco ; 
to  saddle  with  fresh  debts. 

Rindirizzare ;  repet.  Indirizzare. 

Rindolcire;  repet.  or  intens.  Indol- 
cire. 

Rind6molo  M.  ;  (bat.)  =  Comino 
nostrale,  great  bishop's  weed. 

Rindoss-are  ;  to  put  on  again. 
*-arsi,  of  ground,  to  rise  into  hills. 

Rinegare ;  to  deny  again. 

Rinett-are ;  to  clean  again.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Rinfacci-are ;  to  fling  in  the  face,  to 
reproach.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o,  sbs. 

Rinfagottare ;  intens.  Infagottare, 
to  muffle  up. 

*  Rinfalconarsi ;  to  rejoice  (as  a  hawk  on  see- 
ing the  quarry). 

Rinfamare ;  to  bring  into  good 
repute  again. 

Rinfanciullire ;  to  grow  childish. 

Rinfantocciare ;  to  dress  up.  *to 
be  a  fool. 

Rinfarc-ire  (-iare) ;  to  stuff  full. 

Rinferraiolare  (It.  ferraiolo,  cloak) ; 
to  wrap  up. 

Rinferr-are ;  i.  to  replace  the  iron 
of  a  worn-out  tool.  2.  to  re-shoe  (a 
horse).  3.  -arsi,  y^f.  to  recover  strength. 

*Rinferru«are;  =  Rimetter  in  ordine,  to  put 
right  again. 


to   rouse    to   fresh 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

Rinfrancescare ;  i.  to  revive  the 
memory  of.  2.  to  reproduce,  to  repeat. 
*  =  Raffazzonarsi,  to  make  oneself  smart 
again. 


Rinfervorare  ; 

enthusiasm. 


Rinfiammare ;  to  re-kindle. 

Rinfianc-are ;  to  strengthen,  to  stay. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o,  sbs. 

Rin-flch-ire,  -fichisecch-ire  ind. 
-isco;  to  wither,  fo  shrivel. 

Rinficoseccato ;  Rimaner  col  collo 
— ,  to  have  the  marks  of  old  scrofulous 
glands  in  the  neck. 

Rinfid-are ;  to  trust,  -arsi,  to  con- 
sole oneself. 

Rinfier-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  of  a  battle, 
to  wax  fiercer.  2.  of  sorrow,  to  in- 
crease. 3.  to  grow  stronger,  as  a  delicate 
child. 

Rinftgnolirsi ;  to  be  pimply. 

t  Rinfigurare  ;=  Raffigurare,  to  recognise. 

Rinfil-are;  i.  to  re-thread  a  needle. 

2.  fig.   to  repeat   something   which  is 
more  or  less   difficult  to  get   through 
correctly.      3.    -arsi,  to   slip  on   some- 
thing more  or  less  tight 

Rinfingardire  ;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
fingardire. 

Rinfiorare ;  to  put  fresh  flowers. 

RinfiseccMto  ;  =  Rinfichisecchito, 
shrivelled. 

Rinfistolire  ;  to  suppurate  again,  or 
more. 

Rinflttire;  to  make  more  frequent, 
or  numerous. 

Rinfocare ;  to  heat  again. 

Rinfocol-are ;  i.  to  draw  a  fire 
together.  2.  fig.  to  stimulate  a  passion. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rinfoderare ;  to  re-sheath. 

Rinf6nd-ere  pcrf.  rinfusi,  part,  rin- 
fuso;  i.  to  make  a  fresh  infusion.  2.  to 
make  (plants)  thicker  on  the  ground. 

3.  (vet.)    to    founder    (a   horse).     Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Rinforcare;  i.  to  take  up  again 
with  a  fork.  2.  to  bestride  (a  horse) 
again. 

Rinformare ;  to  re-shape. 

Rinformicol-arsi,  -irsi;  repet.  or 
intens.  Informicol-are,  -ire. 

Rinfornare  ;  to  put  a  fresh  batch  in 
the  oven. 

Rinforz-are  ;  i.  to  strengthen. 
2.  (mil.)  to  reinforce.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rinfbrz-0  m.  ;  i.  strengthening. 
2.  fresh  supply.  3.  (mar.)  (a)  lining, 
extra  piece  of  canvas  fitted  on  to  a 
sail;  —  di  caduta,  leech-lining;  (b)  — 
di  scalmo  di  murata,  spur  of  a  bulwark- 
stay;  (c)  strengthening  piece,  brace, 
stiffening ;  -i  interni  di  una  caldaia, 
boiler  braces. 

*  Rinfoscarsi :  to  grow  dark. 

Rinfranc-are ;  i.  to  re-invigorate. 
2.  -arsi,  to  obtain  exemption.  *-arsi  le 
spese,  to  recover  one's  expenses.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 


Rinfranco  m.;  i.  strengthening. 
2.  source  to  which  to  look  for  assist- 
ance. 

Rinfrangere  perf.  rinfransi,  part. 
rinfranto;  to  smash.  *  to  interrupt. 

Rinfranto ;  i.  part.  Rinfrangere. 
2.  as  sb.,  sackcloth.  Tovaglie  a  — , 
cloths  as  rough  as  sackcloth. 

Rinfratire;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
fratire,  to  shrivel. 

*  Rinfrattarsi ;  to  run  oft' into  the  bush  again. 

Rinfrenare  ;  to  curb  again. 

Rinfresc-are  ind.  rinfre'sco;  i.  to 
cool.  2.  to  freshen  up.  3.  to  refresh, 
esp.  with  cool  drink.  4.  —  la  maggese, 
to  plough  a  fallow  for  the  fifth  time. 
Aff.  -amento,  -ata  refreshing  shower, 
-atina  dim.,  -ativo,  -attfio  cooler  (ice- 
tub),  -atura,  i.q.  -amento. 

Rinfresco  m. ;  i.  light  refreshments. 
2.  --  di  Modena,  a  special  kind  of 
Rosolio,  flavoured  with  anise.  3.  (mar.) 
in  //.,  fresh  provisions. 

Rinfrign-are  (this  word  and  Raf- 
frignare  are  from  Frignare,  to  pucker, 
with  two  prefixes  re-in-,  re-ad-);  i.  to 
sew  up  a  rent  unevenly  so  as  to  make  a 
puckered  seam.  2.  part,  -ato,  cross- 
looking  (face). 

Rinfrigno  m  ;  puckered  seam  or 
scar. 

Rinfrignollto ;  puckered. 

*Rinfringolato;=Rifritto,  v.  Rifriggere. 

Rinfrinzell-are  ;  i.  to  sew  up 
roughly.  2.  part.  -ato  =  Cincischiato, 
slashed. 

*  Rinfronz-ire  ;  to  put  out  new  leaves,     -irsi,  to 
dress  smartly. 

Rinfronzol-are  ind.  rinfrdnzolo,  or 
-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  deck  out  in  finery. 

Rinfrosina  /.  (pop.  for  Eufrosina, 
one  of  the  Muses) ;  contemptuous  term 
for  woman. 

t  Rinfrucolare;  —  Rifrugare,  to  search. 
t  Rinfrusta  f. ;  =  Riprensione,  reproof, 
t  Rinfrustare;  =  Rifrustare,  to  search. 

*  Rinfundere;  =  Riparare. 

Rinfurbire  ;  to  become  more  sly. 

Rinfusa  (It.  rinfuso,  part,  of  Rin- 
fondere);  Alia  — ,  I.  confusedly,  hig- 
gledy-piggledy. 2.  (mar.)  (loaded)  in 
bulk. 

Rinfusione  / ;  =  Rinfondimento,  re- 
newal of  vigour. 

Ringabbiare;  to  shut  up  in  a  cage 
again. 

Ringaggiare ;  to  re-engage. 

Ringagliard-ire ;  to  inspirit  again. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Ringale  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  ringard, 
origin  unknown) ;  slice,  a  sort  of  long 
poker  for  a  furnace. 


RINGALLETTARSI— RINTASCARE 


505 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Ringallettarsi ;  to  have  an  air  of 
gaiety,  lit.  strut  like  a  young  cock. 

Ringalluzz-are,  -ire  iiui.  -o  or  -isco 
(v.  Sgalluzzare) ;  to  cheer  up.  -arsi  or 
-irsi,  to  look  pleased. 

*  Ringalluzzolarsi ;  freq.  of  Ringalluzzarsi. 

Ringambalare ;  (bootm.)  to  make  (a 
boot)  wider  in  the  leg,  to  place  it  again 
upon  the  leg  part  of  the  last. 

Ringamb-are ;  to  supply  with  a  new 
shank  or  handle,  v.  Gambo,  stalk. 
*-arsi,  to  get  about  again,  v.  Gamba, 
leg. 

Ringangherare  ;  to  replace  on  the 
hinges. 

*  i.  =  Raccapezzare.     ii.  =Accomodare.     iii.  =  Rin- 
frenare.     iv.  =  Ricordarsi. 

Ringarbugliare ;  to  tangle  up  again. 

Ringarzullirsi ;  intens.  Ingarzullirsi, 
to  be  delighted. 

'Ringavagnare  (either  <  old  Fr.  regaagntr,  v. 
Guadagnare,  or<It.  cavagno,  basket);  to  regain, 
L».  Inf.  24.  12. 

Ringentilire ;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
gentilire,  to  polish. 

Ringessare ;  to  replaster. 

Ringhiarare  (It.  ghiaia);  to  strew 
with  fresh  gravel. 

Ringhiare  (bit.  **ringulure,  dim. 
of  L.  ringi,  to  show  the  teeth) ;  to 
snarl. 

Ringhier-a/  (O.H.G.  firinc,  a  ring, 
v.  Arringo,  and  Skeat,  sub  Ring, 
Harangue);  I.  parapet,  railing,  esp.  of 
a  balcony.  2.  (hist.}  at  Florence, 
(a)  steps  of  the  Cathedral ,'  (V)  steps 
of  the  Palazzo  della  Signoria ;  (c)  plat- 
form whence  the  people  were  addressed. 
Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Ringhi-ow. ;  snarl.  Aff.  -osamente, 
-oso. 

Ringhiottire ;  to  swallow  up  again. 
Ringi  m. ;  (&>/.)  =  Eringe,  eryngo. 
Ringiallire ;  to  turn  yellow  again. 

*  Ringiare  ;  =  Rignare. 

Ringinocchiarsi ;  to  kneel  down 
again. 

*  Ringioire  ;  to  rejoice. 

Ringiovanire ;  to  rejuvenate. 

*  Ringirare  ;  =  Girare  attorno,  to  go  round. 

Ringiucchire  ;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
giucchire. 

t  Ringobbare  ;  to  pawn  again. 

Rin-goiare, -gollare  ;  i.  to  swallow 
again.  2.  —  le  parole,  Jig.  to  abstain 
from  saying  what  one  was  just  about  to 
say. 

Ringolosire ;  to  turn  greedy  again. 

*  Ringone  m. ;-  Forra,  ravine. 

t  Ringongheggiare  ;  =  Goizovigliare,  to  guzzle. 

Ringorg-are  ;  to  rise  in  a  swirling 
flood.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o,  sbs. 

Ringozzare ;  repet.  Ingozzare. 

tRingrammatichirsi  ;  =  Riveslirsi  bcne. 

Ringrana    f,  ;     in    an    iron-works, 
roasting  furnace,  where  the  ore  is  kept 
H. 


at  a  red  heat  by  small  pieces  of  charcoal, 
Braca,  so  as  to  drive  off  the  sulphur  or 
other  volatile  impurity. 

Ringranare :  r.  (agrie.)  to  raise  a 
grain-crop  following  another  grain-crop, 
in  the  same  ground.  2.  to  renew,  e.g. 
the  touch-hole  of  a  gun  by  closing  it 
with  a  piece  of  copper,  in  which  a  new 
hole  is  then  bored,  v.  Grano  (12). 

Ringranaticcio  m.  ;  ground  where 
grain-crops  follow  each  other  without 
intermission. 

Ringrand-ire ;  intens.  Ingrandire. 
Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Ringrano  m. ;  v.  Ringranare  ( i ). 
Ringrassare  :  to  fatten  again. 

Ringravidare ;  to  make,  or  become, 
pregnant  again. 

Ringrazi-are ;  to  thank.  Aff.  -abile, 
-amento. 

Ringrinzire ;  i.q.  Raggrinzire,  to 
pucker. 

Ringr oss-are ;  repet.  or  intens.  In- 
grossare,  to  thicken.  Aff.  -amento, 
-o,  sbs. 

Ringross-atura  /  ;  i.q.  -amento. 
t  =  Capecchio,  tow. 

Ringrullire ;  repet.  or  intens.  •  In- 
grullire,  to  be  stupid. 

*Ringruppare  ;  to  tie  up  in  a  knot. 

Ringuainare ;  to  re-sheath. 

'  Ringurgitare  ;=  Ringorgare. 

*  Rinmillarsi ;  to  increase  a  thousand-fold. 

Rinn-affiare,  -alzare ;  to  water,  raise 
(again). 

Rinnamorare ;  repet.   Innamorare. 

Rinnegare ;  to  renounce,  to  deny,  to 
repudiate. 

Rinnegat-o  m.  ;  renegade.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg. 

Rinneg-atore,  -atrice,  -azidne  ;  vkits.  of 
-are. 

Rinnest-are;  i.  to  re-graft.  2.  to 
re-vaccinate.  Aff.  -amento,  -o,  sbs. 

tRinninuni    di    mari    m  •    stormy   petrel,  v. 
Procellaria  (i). 

Rinnobilire ;  to  ennoble. 

Rinnocare  (It.  oca);  i.  in  playing 
at  Goose  to  have  a  throw  placing  one 
in  a  position  to  count  it  doubled,  hence, 
2.  Jig.  to  repeat  a  thing ;  Eh,  per  loro 
non  ci  sarebbe  nulla  di  male  a  —  un 
diluvio,  well,  as  for  them  it  would  do  no 
harm  if  the  flood  came  again. 

Rinnovabile;  renewable. 

*  Rinnovale  sb.  or  adj. ;  anniversary. 

Rinnov-are  iiui.  rinnovo;  i.  to  re- 
new, revive.  2.  to  renovate.  3.  —  il 
soli  no,  to  put  on  a  clean  collar.  4.  to  put 
on  (a  new  dress)  for  the  first  time.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Rinnovell-are ;  to  renew.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Rinnbvo  m. ;  renewal. 
Rinn-umidire  ;  v.  Rin-. 


Rindbato  in. ;  a  nsh,  a  species  of  ray,  Rhino- 
batus,  locally  termed  Pesce  violino. 

Rinocer6nte  m.  (L.,<Gr.  jWo«poK,  <  pi's, 
nose,  Kc'pa?,  horn);  rhinoceros. 

Rin&lofo  in. ;  a  genus  of  bats,  Rhinolopkus. 

Rinom-anza  f.  -,  renown.    Aff.  -ato. 

Rinominare  ind.  rinomino;  to  re- 
nominate. 

Rinoplastica /;  (stirg.)  operation  for  restoring 
a  nose. 

Rinotare;  to  make  fresh  notes. 
*Rinovale ;  v.  Rinnovale. 
Rinquadrare ;  to  reframe. 

Rinquartare ;  i.  to  multiply  by  four. 
2.  to  divide  into  four  parts.  3.  at  billiards, 
to  strike  against  three  of  the  cushions 
and  then  score. 

Rinquarto  m. ;  v.  Rinquartare  (3). 
Rinquattrinarsi ;  to  get  rich  again. 
Rinsacca  /  ;  =  Risacca,  surf. 

Rinsacc-are;  i.  repet.  or  intens.  of 
Insaccare,  to  put  into  a  bag.  2.  fig.  to 
get  the  best  of.  3.  -aria,  in  riding,  to 
jolt.  4.  -arsi  nelle  spalle,  to  shrug  the 
shoulders.  5  part,  -ato,  with  clothes 
tumbled  on  anyhow.  Aff.  -amento. 

Rinsald-are;  i.  repet.  or  intens.  of 

Saldare.    2.  to  re-starch.    Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rinsangu-are ;  to  put  new  life,  lit. 
blood,  into;  -arsi,  to  get  rosy  cheeks 
again,  or  fig.  to  become  prosperous 
again. 

Rinsanguinarc;  refet.  Insanguinare. 

Rinsanic-are,  -hire;  to  get  quite  well 
again.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rinsan-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  recover, 
esp.  in  sanity. 

Rinsav-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  be  good 
or  sensible  again. 

t  Rinseccinire  ;  =  Rinchiccolire,  to  smarten. 

Rinsediare ;  to  re-instal. 

Rinsegnare  ind.  rinse'gno;  to  teach 
again.  *to  bring  fresh  news  of. 

Rinselv-are  ind.  rinsdlvo;  to  re- 
afforest,  -arsi,  to  return  to  the  woods. 

Rinselvatichirsi ;  to  become  wild 
again. 

Rinserenare  ;  =  Rasserenare. 

Rinserr-are  ind.  rinserro;  i.  to  shut 
upclose.  2.  to  shut  one's  finger  or  clothes 
in  a  door.  3.  Odore  di  -ato,  close,  musty 
smell.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rinsignor-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  be- 
come a  gentleman.  2.  -irsi,  to  re- 
possess oneself  of. 

*  Rinsucinire  ;  to  recover  strength  and  spirits. 

Rinsudiciare  ind.  rinsudicio  ;  to 
dirty  again. 

Rintagliare;  i.  repet.  Intagliarc. 
2.  =  Ritagliare. 

Rintallo  m.  ;  =  TaIlo  inutile,  sucker. 

Rintan-are ;  to  drive  back,  v.  Tana, 
-arsi,  to  shrink  back.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rintasare ;  to  re-obstruct. 
Rin-tascare,  -tavolare ;  repet.  In-. 
64 


5o6 


RINTEGRARE-RIORGANIZZARE 


Rintegr-are;  to  make  good 
-amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Bintelaiare;  repet.  Intelaiare. 

Rintelare  iiul.  rintelo  ;  to  put  (a 
picture)  upon  new  canvas. 

t  Rintempire  ;  of  the  weather,  to  clear  again. 

Rintener-ire  ind.  -isco;  repet.  In- 
tenerire. 

Rinterr-are  ind.  rinterro ;  i.  to 
refill  with  earth.  2.  to  deposit  silt. 
AJf.  -amento. 

Rinterro  in.  ;  i.  alluvial  ground. 
2.  silt. 

Rinterrogare ;  to  re-interrogate. 

Rinterz-are  ind.  rinterzo;  i.  to  re- 
peat for  the  third  time,  esp.  to  have  the 
same  crop  three  years  running.  2.  at 
billiards,  to  strike  two  cushions  and 
then  score.  Aff.  -o. 

Rintiepid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  repet.  In- 
tiepidire. 

Rintocc-are  ind.  rintocco  -hi ;  i .  to 
toll.  2.  intr.,  of  a  bell,  to  strike.  -0  m. ; 
stroke.  Sonare  a  -hi,  to  ring  an  alarm. 

Rintonac-are  ind.  rintonaco  -hi  ; 
to  re-whitewash.  Aff.  -atura,  -o,  sbs. 

Rintonare ;  i.  repet.  Intonare.  2. 
=  Rintronare. 

Rintont-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  in/ens.  In- 
tontire,  to  be  dumbfounded,  to  become 
stupid. 

Rintopp-are  ind.  rintoppo;  repet.  or 
intens.  Intoppare,  to  meet.  '  =Rattop- 
pare,  to  mend. 

Rintbppo  ///. ;  i.  obstruction.  2.  Di 
— ,  in  reply.  At  D.  Inf.  22.  112,  the 
meaning  seems  to  be,  in  opposition  (to 
the  other  demons). 

Rintorbid-are,  -ire ;  repet.  or  intcns. 
Intorbid-. 

*  Rintorto ;-  Ritorto. 

Rintorzol-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  dry, 
make  like  a  Torzolo. 

*  Rintostare  ;  to  strengthen,  emphasise. 
*Rintozzato;  thick-set. 

Rintracci-are ;  to  follow  up.  Aff. 
-dbile,  -ame'nt.o. 

*  Rintramettere  ;  to  cross-plough. 

Rintr-ecciare,  -istire ;  repet.  or 
intens.  Intr-. 

Rintrodurre ;  to  re-introduce. 

Rintron-are ;  repet.  or  intens.  I  n- 
tronare,  to  deafen,  to  stun,  or  /;///-.  to 
boom,  reverberate.  Aff.  -amento. 

*  Rintropire ;  to  make  or  become  dropsical. 

Rintrullire ;  intens.  Intrullire. 

tRintufarsi;=Rinsaccarsi,  to  shrug. 

Rintuzz-are  (re-,  **  tuditiare  for  L. 
tuditare,  intcns.  of  tudere  or  tundere, 
to  hammer,  which  is  <  the  L.  root  tut/, 
corresponding  to  a  primitive  stud,  and 
so  akin  to  O.H.G.  stozen,  >  Germ. 
stossen,  to  shove,  and  to  A.  S.  stunt,  cp. 
Skeat,  sub  Stint,  Stunted)  ;  to  blunt. 
Aff.  -amento. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 
Aff.          Rin-  or  Rinn-umid-ire  ind.  -isco; 
to  re-moisten. 

Rinunci-are,  Rinunzi-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sui 
Renounce);   to  renounce.     Aff.   -a,  -at<5re,  -alnce, 

Rinunziatario  in.;  person  in  whose  favour  we 
renounce.  .     .       .   . 

Ri-nu6cere,  -nuotare ;  to  injure,  swim(agam). 
tRinuscire   ind.   rinusco   rinusci  .. ;  =  Riescire. 
A  nissuno  gli  e  rinusco,  no  one  is  allowed  to  go  out 


''tRinuzzolire^Ringalluzzire,  to  cheer  up. 

Rinvaccbire ;  intens.  Invacchire. 

Rin-validare ;  in/ens,  or  repet.  In-. 

Rinvangare ;  to  dig  up  again,  e.g.  a 
quarrel. 

Rinvasare ;  to  re-pot. 

Rinvecchiare ;  intens.  Invecchiare. 
—  il  prato,  to  put  off  ploughing  it  up. 
Le  rinvecchia  sempre  le  sbornie,  he  is 
always  repeating  his  drinking. 

*  Rinvecchignito;  with  a  parchment-like  face. 

Rin-velenire  ;  repet.  or  intens.  In-. 

Rinven-lbile,  -ime'nto  ;  v.  -ire. 

Rinven-ire  ind.  rinvengo  etc.,  v. 
Venire;  i.  to  swell  by  being  soaked,  as 
the  wood  of  a  cask  which  was  leaky 
from  being  too  dry.  2.  to  soften  on 
heating  or  on  getting  damp.  3.  =Ri- 
trovare,  to  recover.  4.  to  come  to  one- 
self again.  5.  -irsi,  to  find  one's  way 
out  ;  Non  mi  ci  rivengo  piu,  I  cannot 
make  it  out  at  all. 

*i.  =  Tornare,  to  suit  well.  ii.  to  return,  iii.  = 
Ragguagliare. 

tRinvercio  jn.\—  Rovescio. 

Rinverd-ire  ind.  -isco  or  poet,  -o  ; 
to  become  green  or  fresh  again. 

*  Rinvergare  ;    i.    to   discover,  ///._  by   poking 
with  a  rod,  Verga.     ii.   to  investigate,     iii.  =  Riscon- 
trare,  to  fit  in,  agree. 

Rinvergonare  ;  to  replace  on  the 
Vergone. 

*  Rinvermigliare  ;  to  redden  again. 

Rinverniciare ;  tore-varnish. 

*  Rinversare  ;  =  Riversare. 

•Rinvert-ire  ind.  -o;  i.  to  invert.  11.  to  con- 
vert, iii.  to  apply,  e.g.  perseverance,  iv.  of  dreams, 
lo  come  true. 

Rinverzare ;  •>'.  Ris\ erzare. 

Rinverzicare  ind.  rinverzico;  i.  to 
turn  green  again.  2.  fig.  to  cheer  up. 

Rinverz-icolare,  -icolire,  or  -ire; 
=  -icare. 

Rinvescare  ;  to  attract,  to  hold,  ///. 
with  bird-lime. 

*  Rinvesci-ardo  (from  Vescia,  in  sense  of  silly 
thing  to  say) ;  tattler,  blabber.     Aff.  "  -are  v *. 

Rinvest-ire  ind.  rinvesto  ;  i.  =  Ri- 
vestire,  to  clothe,  esp.  to  put  a  straw 
jacket  on  a  bottle.  2.  to  strengthen  (a 
wall).  3.  to  invest  (a  besieged  city) 
more  closely.  4.  to  convert  one's 
capital,  e.g.  by  sale  of  land  and  re- 
investment in  stocks.  5.  to  replace  in 
a  position  of  command.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Rinvesti-t6re,  -tdra,  -tura ;  v.  -re 

Rinvi-are  ind.  rinvfo;  i.  to  send 
back.  2.  =  Rimandare,  to  send  an  action 
to  be  tried  in  some  other  court.  3.  =  Ri- 
mandare,  to  adjourn,  postpone.  Aff. 
-amento. 


the  simple  word. 

Rinvigor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  revive. 
Aff.  -imento. 

Rinviliare  ind.  rinvilio;  to  drop  in 
price.  Aff.  Rinvilio  vbsb. 

*Rinvil-ire;  i.  =-iare.     it.  to  lower  in  worth. 

Rinviluppare ;  to  muffle  up  doubly. 

*  Rinvincidire ;  to  soften  again. 
Rinvfo  m. ;  return. 

tRinviolire;  to  recover  strength. 

Rinviper-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  embitter 
again. 

Rinvisp-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
brisk  again. 

Rinvit-are;  (A)  to  invite  in  return. 
Aff.  -o  vbsb.  (B)  to  screw  up  again. 

Rinviv-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  come  to 
life  again. 


*  Rtnvizzolire  ;  to  recover  one's  spirits. 
•Rinvogliare;  to  inspire  fresh  eagerness. 

Rin-v61gere  perf.  -volsi,  part,  -vol- 
to ;  to  wrap  round. 

*Rinvolgolo  ;«.;  =  Rinvolto,  bundle. 

Rinvoltare  ind.  rinvolto ;  to  wrap 
up. 

Rinv61t-0  ;  i.  part.  Rinvolgere. 
2.  as  sb.,  bundle.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Rinvoltura  / ;  wrapper. 

*i.  bundle,  ii.  —  Sconvolgimcnto.  iii.  plot  of  a 
play. 

Rinzaff-are  ;  i.  to  stop,  fill,  a  chink, 
T/.  Zaffo.  2.  to  give  the  first  coat  for  the 
purpose  of  rough-casting  a  wall.  Aff. 
-atura,  -o,  sbs. 

t  Rinzeccolare ;  to  remove  the  bur,  v.  Zeccolo, 
Hruzzolo. 

Rinzepp-are  ind.  rinzeppo ;  i.  to 
fill  in,  ///.  to  wedge  in,  v.  Zeppa. 
2.  -arsi,  to  over-eat  oneself. 

Rinzepp-atura  / ;  i>.  -are.  Versi 
pieni  di  -ature,  verses  full  of  words 
thrown  in  merely  to  fill  up. 

*  Rinzipillare  ;=  Rimpinzare,  to  cram,  r.  Zipillo. 

Rinzbcco  in. ;  (arch.)  duplicated 
plinth  to  a  column. 

Rinzolfare  ind.  rinzolfo  ;  to  re- 
sprinkle  with  sulphur. 

Rio  (A)  in.  ;  =  Rivo,  brook. 
(B)  (var.  of  Reo);  (poet.)  i.  wicked. 
2.  cruel.     3.  harsh. 

*i.  injurious,  ii.  unauthorised,  iii.  poor  (year, 
as  to  the  harvest),  iv.  bad  (of  food-stuffs),  v.  Di  - 
in  buono,  on  the  average,  taking  one  thing  with 
another. 

*Riobarbaro  »i.  ;  =  Rabarbaro,  rhubarb. 

Ri-obbligare,-occupare;  torebind, reoccupy. 
tRioda;  Pesce  — ,  sun-fish,  r>.  Mola  (A,  4). 
Ri-offendere,  -offrirc;  to  offend,  offer  (again). 
Riondella/.;=Randello,  club. 
t  Riondo  in. ;  i.  =  Lunata  delle  vele  auriche,  r. 
Lunata  (3).     ii.    v.  Caprisco. 

Rione  tn.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  royon,  <  L. 
regionem,  <  regere,  to  rule) ;  division 
of  an  ancient  city,  esp.  Rome. 

Rionorare  ind.  rionoro;  to  bestow  fresh  honour 
upon. 

Rioperare  ind.  riopero;  i.  to  act  again.  2.  tu 
react. 

Riordin-are  ind.  ridrdino  ;  to  put  in  good 
order  again.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Riord-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  weave  again. 

Riorganizzare ;  to  re-organise. 


RIORLARE—RI  PORTO 


507 


Ri-orlare,  -ornare,  -oscurare,  -osservare; 
to  hem,  adorn,  obscure,  observe  (again). 
*Riott-a/!;  quarre!.     *-are,  to  dispute. 

*  Riottolo  (Riozzolo)  m  ;=  Rivoletto,  brook. 
Riott6s-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Etynt.  unkn.  There  are  cognate  forms  in 
French  and  Provencal.  As  regards  their  origin, 
an  idea  of  Korting  seems  the  easiest,  viz.  that  the 
original  word  was  Riottare,  formed  in  Italian  by 
way  of  a  diminutive  from  the  adjective  Rio.  Diez 
suggested  O.  H.O.  rtban,  to  rub,  as  a  possible  source. 

*  Riozzolo  in.;  r>.  Riottolo. 

Ripay!  (}..,  v.  Riva);  bank,  shore.  Uccelli  di 
— ,  water-birds.  *  cliff. 


Ripag-are  ;  i.  to  repay.  2.  to  pay 
again  ;  A  bastonarlo  c'  e  da  -arlo  per 
nuovo,  if  you  beat  him  (you  will  kill 
him,  and)  you  will  have  to  buy  a  fresh 
one. 

Ripaggio  m.  •  wharf  dues. 

Ripale  ;  (net)  tied  to  the  bank. 

Ripappare;  intens.  Pappare. 

Ripar-abile,  -abilita,  -amdnto ;  v. 
-are. 

Ripar-are   ind.   riparo  (Reparare); 

1.  to  catchy    Bada  di  —  quel  che  ti 
butto,  now  catch  what  I  am  going  to 
throw   to   you.     2.    to   shelter.      3.    to 
keep  off,  keep  out.    4.  to  parry.    5.  to 
retrieve,  make  good.    6.  to  take  refuge. 
7.  to  provide. 

*i.  to  hinder,  ii.  to  dwell,  iii.  —  or  -arsi,  to 
frequent. 

Riparata/;  i.  hasty  repair.  2.  =  Ri- 
presa  (8). 

Riparazidne  /;  i.  repair.  2.  the 
accession  of  the  Left  to  office  in  1876. 
3.  Esami  di  — ,  those  of  October  for 
students  who  failed  in  July. 

Ripareggiare  ind.  ripareg'gio;  to  re- 
level. 

Ripar&ll-a  /. ;  (A)  (tot.)  — ,  cr  -o  m. 
=  Salcerella,  willow-herb. 

(B)  (///.  little  protection<Riparare) ; 
the  Florentine  form  of  the  word  is  Ra- 
perella,  q.v. 

Ripario ;  as  E. 

Riparlare  ;  to  speak  again. 

Riparo    m.  ;      \.     shelter,    screen. 

2.  means    of    protection  ;     Metter   — 
contro  i  pirati,  to  put  a  stop  to  piracy ; 
C'  e  dunque  nessun  —  ?  then  is  there 
nothing  that  can  be  done  to  save  us  ? 

*  i.  Nfettersi  at  —  contro  uno,  to  prepare  for 
r-.'xisting  him.  ii.  Stare  a  — ,  to  stand  upon  one's 
defence,  iii.  =  Indugio,  delay. 

Ripart-fbile,  -imdnto;  v.  -ire  (i). 

Ripart-ire;  I.  ind.  -isco,  to  divide, 
share  up.  2.  ind.  -o,  to  go  away  again. 

Ripartitamdnte ;  i.  distributively. 
2.  on  the  average. 

Ripart-izidne  / ;  v.  -ire  (i). 

Riparto  in. ;  i.  distribution,  e.g. 
of  offices ;  department  of  a  business. 
2.  division  of  profits ;  II  sette  per 
cento  di  — ,  division  of  seven  per 
cent.  3.  —  d'  avaria,  statement  of 
"  average." 

Ripass-are  ;  i.  to  repass.  2.  to 
iron  (linen).  3.  to  recount.  4.  to  drub. 
5.  =  Scorrere,  to  run  over,  e.g.  a  lesson. 


For  the  dei  nation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 

6.    -aria,  to  get  through  life.     7.    (mar.) 
-  alberi  o  sartiame,   to  overhaul  the 
masts  or  rigging.     8.  to  grind  (a  tool). 

Ripass-ata/;  i.  re-passing.  2.  re- 
vision. 3.  Dare  una  — ,  to  glance  over, 
v.  -are  (5).  4.  ironing.  Aff.  -atfna 
dim. 

Ripass-atdre,  -atdra,  -o ;  vbsbs,  of 
-are. 

Ripasseggiare  ind.  ripasse'ggio ;  to 
go  out  walking  again. 

Ripasso  tit. ;  vbsb.  of  Ripassare. 

Ripatica/;:  (leg.)  riparian  rights. 

Ripatico  ;//. ;  landing-wharf  on  a  river. 

Ripat-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  suffer  again. 

Ripeggiorare  ind.  ripeggioro ;  to  get  worse 
again. 

Ripens-are;  to  think  over.     Aff.  -amdnto. 

Ripinse;  riparian. 
*  Ripentino;  =  Repentino. 

Ripent-irsi  ind.  mi  ripento  ;  i.  to  repent  asnin. 
2.  to  change  one's  mind.  Aff.  -im£nto. 

Riperc&ssa/;  i.q.  Ripercussione. 

Riper-c&tere,  -cu6tere,  per/.  -c6ssi, 
part,  -cosso ;  i.  to  beat  back.  2.  to 
reflect  (light),  to  echo  back. 

.-Iff.  -cotim^nto,  -cussione,  -cussivo. 

Ri-p&rdere,  -pesare  ind.  ripdso;  to 
lose,  weigh  (again). 

Ripescare  ind.  ripeVco  -chi;  i.  to 
fish  up.  2.  =  Bastonare,  to  beat. 

Ripesc-atfna  /  ;    beating,   v.    -are 


(2). 

Rip^SCO  in. ;  -  Amorazzo,  amour. 

Ripestare  ind.  ripe'sto;  to  pound, 
thump,  again. 

Rip6t-ere  ind.  ripeto,  per/.  -6, 
part,  -uto;  I.  to  repeat.  2.  to  make 
observations  (instead  of  obeying). 
3.  (leg.}  to  call  in,  claim.  4.  to  spring, 
have  origin,  from.  *to  call  to  mind. 

*Ri-   or  Re-petio  m. ;   i.  =  Disputa,  wrangling, 
ii.  =  Rammarico,  regret. 

Ripet-itdre  ///.,   -itdra,  -itrice  /; 

1.  v.  -ere.     2.  coach,  special  tutor  for 
a  boy,  to  go  over  with  him  the  things  in 
which  he  has  been  found  deficient  at 
school.     3.  assistant  teacher  who  gives 
the  class  a  repetition  of  the  teacher's 
lesson. 

Ripet-izidne/  ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Far  -, 
to  coach,  11.  Ripetitore  (2)  and  (3). 
3.  repeater  (watch).  Aff.  -izioncella 
dim. 

*  Ripetone  m.\  answer  to  a  compliment. 

Rip&tta  /. ;  dim.  Ripa,  bank. 
Ripetutamente ;  repeatedly. 

*  Ripezzare  ;  =  Rnppezzare,  to  mend. 

Ri-piallare,  -pianare,  -piangere  ;  to 
plane,  make  level,  weep  for  (again). 

Ripiano  m. ;  i.  flat  part,  e.g.  of  a 
shutter.  2.  piece  of  level  ground. 
3.  landing  between  two  flights  of  stairs. 

Ripiantare;  to  re-plant. 
Ripicca  / ;  v .  Picca  (6  to  8). 

Ripicchi-are ;    i.   to  knock    again. 

2.  -arsi  =  Agghindarsi,    to   make   one- 
self smart.     Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

t  Ripicchiottarsi ;  to  get  oneself  up  coquettishly. 


the  simple  word. 

Ripicco  tn. ;  i.  retort.     2.  revenge. 
Rfpid-o  ;  steep.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -fea. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  It.  ripire,  to  climb. 
The  alternatives  are  (i)  L.  rapidus,  (2)  L.  ripa.. 

Ripieg-are  ind.  ripiego;  i.  to  bend 
back.  2.  to  fold  (the  wings  of  a  bird). 
3.  to  fold  up  again  (a  letter).  4.  (mil.) 
to  give  way.  5.  —  le  coia,  to  die,  //'/. 
fold  up  one's  skin.  6.  -arsi,  to  become 
bent,  from  age.  *fig-  to  kill.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -ata,  -atura. 

Ripiego  m. ;  shift,  resource,  mode  of 
meeting  a  difficulty  (//'/.  bending,  <  Ri- 
piegare ;  the  transition  of  meaning  is 
illustrated  by  that  of  E.  "shift"  which 
//'/.  means  division). 

*  i.  Di  — ,  (number)  divisible  without  remainder, 
ii.  =Ordinamento,  arrangement,  iii.  turning  an  op- 
ponent's argument  against  himself,  iv.  Dare  — , 
i.e.  to  swallow. 

Ripien-dtto  ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Ripienezza  /.  ;  i.  surfeit,  repletion. 
2.  a  disease  of  mulberry-trees  due  to 
damp  ground. 

Ripi^no  ;  i.  intens,  Pieno,  full.  2.  as 
si>.,  filling,  e.g.  of  a  mattress  ;  in  cookery, 
stuffing.  3.  in  weaving,  woof.  4.  fig. 
unnecessary  person  ;  lo  qui  ci  sono  per 
— ,  me  ne  potrei  anche  andare,  I  am 
quite  unnecessary  here,  I  might  just  as 
well  go  away.  5.  Aver  il  suo  --  in 
una  cosa,  to  enjoy  it  to  the  full. 
6.  (;«<«'.)  =  Riempitore,  q.v. 

Ripigiare ;  repft.  or  intens.  Pigiare. 

Ripigliare ;  i.q.  Riprendere,  see  the 
note  to  Pigliare. 

Ripiglinp  in.;  i.  child's  game  of 
throwing  things  up  and  catching  them 
on  the  back  of  the  hand.  2.  game  of 
cat's  cradle.  3.  Fare  a — ,  (a)  to  return 
each  other's  presents;  (b)  to  sell  a  thing 
for  its  cost  price. 

Ripfngere;  =  Ridipingere,  to  re- 
paint. *=  Rispingere. 

Ripiombare  ind.  ripiombo  ;  i.  to 
sink  down  again.  2.  of  a  wall,  to  be 
truly  upright.  3.  fig.  to  throw  down 
again;  --  nel  male,  to  replunge  into 
misery.  4.  to  renew  lead  flashings. 

Ripi6vere ;  to  rain  again,  v.  Piovere. 

t  Ripire  (L.  repgre,  v.  Rettile);  to  climb. 
"Ripitare;  i.  to  rue.     ii.  to  reproach. 
Ripopol-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -amento. 

Rip&r-gere  perf.  -si,  part,  -to;  to 
hand  back  or  again. 

Rip-drre  ind.  ri-p6ngo  -pdni,  v. 
Porre  ;  i.  to  put  back,  replace.  2.  to 
put  away  safely.  3.  -orsi,  to  hide  one- 
self or  fig.  to  give  up  the  contest,  retire. 

Riport-are  ind.  riporto;  i.  to  bring 
back.  2.  to  carry  off,  win.  3.  to  report. 
4.  to  reproduce  (a  work  of  art).  5.  in 
a  money  account,  to  carry  forward. 


6.  -arsi,  to  appeal, 
-atrice. 

Rip6rt-o    m. ;    i 
forward,  v.  -are  (5). 


Aff.  -atore,  -atiira, 


amount    brought 
2.   Premio  del  — , 

or  simply   — ,    contango,  v.    Deporto. 
3.  =  Rapporto  (3),  ornament. 

64 — 2 


5o8 


RIPOSANTE— RISARCIRE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Riposante  m. ;  retired  official. 

Eipos-are  ind.  riposo;  I.  as  E. 
2.  tr.  to  lay  down,  e.g.  an  author's  pen. 
Aff.  -ata,  -atamdnte,  -atfna,  -o. 

Ripossede're ;  to  repossess. 

*Ripostayl;  i.  store,?'.  Riporre.     ii.  sunset. 

Ripostamente ;  secretly. 

Ripostiglio  m. ;  recess,  nook. 

Rip6sto;  i.  part,  of  Riporre.  2.  as 
sti.,  (mar.)  (a)  locker,  (6)  pantry. 

Ri-potare,  -pregare,  -premere;  to 
prune,  beg,  press  (again). 

Riprfcndere  perf.  ripreVi,  part,  -o, 
or  Ripigliare,  see  note  under  Pigliare; 

1.  to   take   back,   take   up,   get  back; 
—  le  spese,  to  recover  one's  expenses. 

2.  to   retake.     3.  to  resume  what   one 
has  been  saying.   4.  to  scold.   5-  —  una 
maglia,  to  pick  up  a  dropped  stitch,  in 
knitting.   6.  to  take  in  (a  dress) ;  Questo 
abito  va  tutto  ripreso,  this  coat  wants 
taking  in  all  round.     7.   —  i  capelli,  to 
do   up   one's  hair.     8.   Riprenderla   or 
Ripigliarla  per  alcuno,  to  take  up  the 
cudgels   on   his   behalf.     9.  intr.  of  a 
plant,     to    recover,     e.g.    after    being 
watered  ;   of  a  fire,  to  blaze  up  again. 

10.  (mar.)  to  set  up  ;   —  le  griselle,   to 
square    the    ratlines ;   —    le    manovre 
dormienti,  to  set  up  the  rigging;  —  le 
sartie,    to    fleet     the    shrouds  ;     —    il 
paranco,  to  fleet  the  tackle,  v.  Rifare. 

As   refl.  Riprendersi  or  Ripigliarsi. 

1 1.  in  speaking  or  reciting,  (a)  when  one 
cannot  go  on,  to  repeat  a  phrase  or  two 
so  as  to  recover  oneself,  (b)  to  correct 
oneself,  take  oneself  up.    12.  of  a  horse, 
to  strike  its  legs   together  in   trotting. 
13.    Riprendersela   or   Ripigliarsela,  to 
obtain  compensation. 

Aff.  Riprend-imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

Riprens-fbile ;  reprehensible.  Aff. 
-ibilme'nte,  -ioncella  dim.,  -ione  reproof, 
-iva=Ripresa  (12),  -ivamente,  -ivo,  -ore, 
6ra  reprover,  -orio  intended  as  a  rebuke. 

Ripr6s-a/;  i.  resumption.  2.  re- 
covery. 3.  at  cards,  Carta  di  — ,  card 
of  re-entry.  4.  reconquest,  recapture. 

5.  money  coming  in  ;  Con  queste  -e  s'  e 
un    po'    rimpannucciato,    he    has    had 
money  coming  in  lately  so  he  has  made 
himself  look  a  little  more  respectable. 

6.  alternative  resource;  In  questi  paesi 
ci  son  poche  (or  punte)  -e,  there  is  no 
variety  of  occupation  hereabouts ;  Non 
ci  ha  piu  -e  di  sorta,  there  is  absolutely 
nothing  else  in  the  way  of  occupation 
to  be  found.     7.    underpinning  (a  wall). 
8.  in  //.,  barriers  where  riderless  races 
end  and  the  horses  are  caught.  9.  in  car- 
pentry =Calettatura,  close  joint.  10.  the 
two  last  verses  of  a  Rispetto.   1 1.  (»ius.) 
(a)  mark  indicating  that  a  passage  is 
to  be  repeated,  (i>)  the  repetition  itself. 

12.  (vet.)   gathering    under    the    hoof. 

13.  sum  total  of  produce  included  in  a 
let ;    Nella  —  e  compreso  1'  utile  del 
latte,   del   burro,   ecc.,    the   letting   in- 
cludes  a   right   to    all    dairy   produce. 

14.  A  -e,  at  intervals,  by  fits  and  starts; 


A   piu   -e,    repeatedly  ;    A    diverse    -e, 
(work  executed)  at  irregular  intervals. 

*i.  =  Reprensione.     ii.  (tnus.)  i.q.  *  Presa. 

Ri-presentare,  -prestare;  to  pre- 
sent, lend  (again). 

*  Riprezzo  ;//.  ;  i.  =  Ribrezzo,  shiver,    ii.  =  Voglia, 
whim. 

Riprincipiare  ;  to  begin  again. 

Ripristin-are  ind.  ripristino  ;  to  re- 
store to  the  pristine  condition.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -at6re,  -azi6ne. 

Riprod-urre  ind.  -uco  -uci  -uce 
-ucidmo  -ucdte  -ucono,  perf.  -ussi,  part. 
-6tto;  to  reproduce.  Aff.  -ucime'nto, 
-uttivo,  -utt6re,  -uttrice,  -uzione. 

Ripro-m6ttere  ;  i.  to  re-promise. 
2.  to  go  bail.  3.  -mettersi,  to  hope  for. 
Aff.  -mettitore,  -missione. 

Ripro-p6rre  ;  to  re-propose,  -posta 
f.  ;  new  proposal,  -testare  ;  as  E. 

Riprdva/;  i.  good  proof.  2.  fresh 
proof.  3.  in  arithmetic,  proof. 

Riprovare  ind.  riprovo  (A)  (L.  re- 
probate, to  disapprove,  lit.  reject  upon 
trial,  <  re,  back,  probare,  to  try,  v  .  Re-  5, 
and  Probo)  ;  to  reprove. 

(B)  (It.  re-,  again,  v.  Re-  2,  provare, 
to  attempt)  ;  to  try  again. 

*i.  to  prove,     ii.  of  a  wall,  to  give,  to  crack. 

Aff.  to(A)  Riprov-aniento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -a/inne, 
•  evole,  -evolmente. 

Riprovved^re  ;  to  reprovide. 

Ripuario  ;  =  Ripario. 

Ripubblicare  ;  to  republish. 

Ripudi-abite.  -are:  ?'.  -«>. 

Ri-  or  Re-pudio  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  swb  Re- 
pudiate, lit.  rejection  of  something  shameful  ;  for 
the  stem  fud.  v.  Pudicamenle)  ;  repudiation. 

Ripugn-antemente,  -anza;  as  £. 

Ripugn-are;  i.  Mi  -a,  I  feel  repugnance;  -a 
a  crederlo,  one  revolts  from  believing  it  ;  -ante  al 
senso  comune,  contrary  to  common  sense.  2.  to 
disgust.  *i.  to  resist,  ii.  to  repudiate. 

Ripul-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  intens.  Pulire, 
to  clean.  2.  by  ext.,  to  remove  any- 
thing undesirable  from  ;  —  il  grano,  to 
weed  corn  ;  —  (i  castagni),  to  cut  out 
the  weak  shoots;  —  una  composizione, 
to  correct  it.  3.  to  make  a  clean  sweep, 
as  burglars,  or  at  cards,  to  sweep  the 
board.  4.  to  make  sure  there  is  no 
game  left  in  a  covert,  by  running  the 
dogs  through  it. 

Ripulisti  ;  pop.  for  Repulisti,  q.v. 

Ripul-ita,  -itina  dim.,  -itura  ;  vbsbs. 
of  -ire. 

Ripullulare  ;  to  reappear  in  swarms. 

Ripuls-a  /.,  -are  z$.  ,  -i6ne,  -ivo;  as  E. 

Ripulso;  i.  repulsed.  2.  (mar.)  as  £^.,  =  Re- 
cesso,  slip  (of  the  screw  or  paddles). 

Ri-pungere,  -puntare,  -purgare  ;  testing, 
prick,  purge  (again). 

Ripurghi  tn.  j>l.;  (mftf.)  i.g.  Lochi. 


than  three  times  the  square  of  its  radius. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atura. 

Riquadro  m.;  i.  square.  2.  cor- 
rection. 

*  Riquiliziay:;-Liquirizia,  liquorice. 

Ri-ragionare,  -rendere,  -rizzare, 
-r6mpere  ;  to  discuss,  return,  raise, 
break  (again). 

Risa  /  //.  ;  of  Riso.  *  =  Risata, 
loud  laugh. 

Risacca  /  (Span,  tisaca,  surge,  < 
re-,  back,  sacar,  to  draw,  pull,  ///.  to 
put  in  a  sack)  ;  surf. 

Risaccio  in.  ;  pegg-  Riso,  ugly  laugh. 

*  Risagallo  ;  v.  Risigallo. 

*  Risagire  ;  to  replace  in  possession,  f.  Sagire. 

Risaia/;  I.  rice-field;  —  alterna, 
ground  cultivated  alternately  with  rice 
and  other  crops.  2.  rice-mill. 

Risai61-o  /;/.,  -a  /  ;  worker  in  the 
rice-fields. 

Ri-salare,  -salassare  ;  fo  salt,  bleed 

(again). 

Risald-are  ;  to  mend,  e.g.  a  broken 
plate,  with  cement.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Risalire  ind.  risalgo  risali,  v.  Salire  ; 
to  reascend. 

*  Risalita  f.  \-  Risalto,  prominence. 

Risalfto  ;  i.  part.  Risalire.  2.  as 
sb.,  upstart. 

Risalt-are;  i.  to  jump  again.  2.  to 
rebound.  3.  to  come  out  prominently, 
to  be  conspicuous.  4.  to  project.  Aff. 


Ri- 

always  Reputare);  as  E. 
-cella  dim. 


present  tense 


.      .  .     . 

Re-putare  (but   in  the   pres 

Aff.  Ri-or  Re-puta/inn-e, 


Riquadr-are ;  i.  to  make,  or  be 
square.  2.  (math.)  to  square.  3.  to 
mark  out  a  whitewashed  wall  in  lines 
of  colour.  4.  fig.  to  train  in  clearness 
and  accuracy  of  thought.  5.  to  mea- 
sure in  area;  II  circolo  -a  tre  volte  il 
quadro  del  suo  raggio  e  un  poco  di  piu, 
a  circle  measures  in  area  rather  more 


Risalto  m.  ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Risaltare. 
2.  Dar  —  ,  to  bring  out  into  prominence. 

Risalutare  imt.  risah'ito  ;  to  salute  again,  or  in 
return. 

Risalvare  ;  I.  intens.  Salvare.  2.= 
Riservare,  to  reserve. 

Risan-are  ;  to  heal.  Aff.  -abile, 
-ame'nto. 

Risan-ciano,  -clone  m.  •  =  Ridan- 
ciano,  giggler. 

Risangninare  ;  to  begin  bleeding 
again. 

Risanguine  ;//.  ;  (hot.)  =  Sanguine,  cornelian 
cherry. 

Risap£re  ind.  riso,  v.  Sapere  ;  intciis. 
Sapere.  Lo  risapesse  !  if  he  came  to 
know  it  ! 

Risarchiare  ;  to  weed  again. 

Risarc-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  sarcire,  to 
put  in  good  repair,  cp.  Gr.  epnos,  shelter, 
also  net,  L.  sarttts  tectus,  house  in 
good  order,  lit.  wattled  and  roofed,  the 
original  meaning  of  sarcire  having  been 
probably  to  tie  together,  cp.  L.  sarcina, 
bundle);  i.  to  heal  up.  2.  tr.  to  make 
good,  e.g.  a  breach  in  a  wall.  3.  fig. 
to  compensate;  Aveva  1'  intenzione  di 
-irlo  degl'  improper!  co'  quali  1'  aveva 
accolto,  he  wished  to  make  him  amends 
for  the  language  he  had  used  to  him 
when  he  came.  Aff.  -ibile,  -ime'nto. 


RISATA— RISENTIMENTO 


509 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Bisat-a  / ;  hearty  laugh.  Aff. 
-accia,  pegg.,  nasty  laugh,  -ella  dim., 
-fna  dim.  vezz.  or  iron.,  -ona  augm. 

Bisazio  ;  intens.  Sazio,  satisfied. 

Eis-badigliare ;  to  yawn  on  seeing 
others  yawn.  *-baldire;  to  cheer  up. 
-bandarsi ;  to  disperse,  -bucare ;  to 
re-emerge. 

Biscaldame'nto  m. ;  i.  heating. 
2.  feverishness.  3.  heat-spot.  4.  (vet.) 
pimply  eruption. 

Biscald-are;  i.  repet.  or  intens.  of 
Scalilare,  to  heat.  2.  part,  -ato,  in- 
fected with  dry  rot. 

Aff.  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura  i.  heating. 
2.  anything  warmed  up,  -o  =  -amento,  -ucchiare  or 
-ucciare  dim.  vb.,  to  warm  slightly. 

Biscapp-are ;  to  escape  again.  *-ata, 
woman  separated  from  her  husband. 

*  Riscappinare  ;  to  mend  the  sole  of  a  stocking. 

Eiscatt-are  (bit.  re-ex-captare,  cp. 
Fr.  acheter,<ac-captare,  the  sense  of 
taking  having  passed  in  these  com- 
pounds into  that  of  buying) ;  I.  to 
ransom.  2.  to  redeem,  e.g.  a  quit- 
rent.  3.  -arsi,  at  cards,  to  recover  one's 
losses. 

*i.   to  acquire,     ii.  -arsi,  to  be  revenged. 
Aff.  -abile,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -o  sb. 

Bisce'gliere  ind.  riscelgo  riscdgli,  v. 
Scegliere;  to  choose  again. 

Biscelta  f. ;  fresh  selection. 

Bi-scemare,  -scendere ;  to  decrease, 
descend  (again). 

*Eiscerre ;  =  Riscegliere. 

Eischiar-are,  -ire  ind.  -o  or  -isco; 
to  clear  up,  clear,  light  up,  illuminate. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Bischiare  ;  i.q.  Arrischiare,  to  risk. 
Bischiar-ire ;  v.  -are. 

Bischi-o,  Eisico  (Risco)  m. ;  risk. 
Aff.  -oso. 

Etym.  dub.  Cflgn.  Fr.  risque.  Span,  titsgo, 
arrisco,  Portug.  risco  (which  also  means  rock),  mlt. 
riscus,  risigits.  Diez  traces  the  origin  of  these 
words  to  L.  rtucare,  rfsecntus,  cut  off  sharp,  and 
so  as  sb.  crag,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Risk.  Korting  does 
not  regard  this  as  probable,  and  is  more  inclined 
to  a  suggestion  by  Schmitt  which  attributes  them 
to  Gr.  pt£iKo? ,  <  pi^o.,  root ;  as  it  were,  submarine 
root  of  a  mountain,  hence  dangerous  rock. 

Eisciacqu-am^nto  m. ;  vbsb.  of 
-are.  -are  ;  intens.  Sciacquare,  to  rinse, 
-ata/ ;  i.  a  rinse  out.  2.  fig.  scolding, 
dressing,  -atina  f.\  dim.  -ata.  -atdio 
in. ;  canal,  by-pass  for  the  water  when 
a  mill  is  not  running.  -at6re  m.,  -atura 
/  ;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Eisciacquo  in.  •  i.  gutter  at  the  side 
of  a  road.  2.  medicine  for  rinsing  the 
mouth.  3.  fig.  i.q.  Risciacquata  (2), 
scolding. 

Biscialb-are  (It.  re-,  intens.,  scialbo, 
pale) ;  to  whitewash.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Eiscibgliere,  Eisci6rre  ind.  risciolgo 
risciogli,  v.  Sciogliere  ;  I.  intens.  or 
repet.  Sciogliere,  to  undo.  2.  to  dis- 
solve (an  assembly).  3.  to  let  go  free. 

t  Riscire  ;-  kiu^cire,  to  succeed. 


.  . 

Riscol-i,  -o  m.\  (tot.)  salt-wort,  1>.  Erba  (64). 
Ktyin.     L.  rise-its,  =  Gr.  pur«K,  coffer.  <  **Fpi'«- 
,   bent,    bowed,   akin    to    poi<co«,   crooked,   root 


-vn-iko,  to  twist,  cp.  E.  wrick.     The  plant  takes  its 
lulian  name  from  its  basket-like  shape. 

Biscont-are  ;  i.  to  re-discount. 
2.  intens.  of  Scontare,  q.v.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Biscontr-are  (intens.  in  form,  but  in 
meaning  more  like  a  variant  of  Scon- 
trare) ;  i.  to  meet.  2.  to  read  over  a 
copy  against  an  original.  3.  to  check, 
e.g.  an  account,  a  measurement,  a  cal- 
culation ;  Questa  e  la  merce,  la  -i  pure 
e  vedri  che  e  quale  gli  ho  detto,  this  is 
the  stuff,  and  if  you  will  be  good  enough 
to  examine  it  you  will  see  it  is  just  as 
I  described  it ;  —  col  piombo,  to  plumb 
(a  wall),  see  if  it  is  upright ;  -  -  la 
moneta,  to  examine  the  coin  and  see 
if  it  is  good.  4.  to  verify  quotations. 

5.  intr.  or  refi.  -arsi,  of  two  articles,  to 
tally,  to  match.     Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto, 
-ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atore. 

Bisc6ntr-o  m.  •  i.  vbsb.  of  Riscon- 
trare  ;  Ufficio  del  — ,  comptroller's 
office ;  —  di  cassa,  verification  of  cash. 
2.  passing  of  two  carriages ;  Attento  ai 
-i,  mind  how  you  pass  other  carriages ; 
Non  c'  e  — ,  there  is  no  room  to 
pass  here.  3.  acknowledgment,  receipt. 
4.  means  of  comparison  ;  Tornano  a 
capello  tutti  i  -i  datimi,  deve  esser'lui, 
every  sign  I  had  by  which  to  recognise 
him  tallies  exactly,  it  must  assuredly 
be  the  man.  5.  draught,  current  of 
air,  or  aperture  from  which  it  comes. 

6.  front  of  a  horse's  chest  on  each  side. 

7.  chest-strap  of  a  riding-horse  on  each 
side.      8.    any   harness-strap,    the   free 
end  of  which  has  holes  for  buckling. 
9.  Trovar  — ,  of  a  theory,  to  find  sup- 
port ;    Cose   che   non   trovan  —  nella 
storia,  statements  unsupported  by  his- 
tory.    (This  might  also   mean   Events 
without  parallel  in  history.)  10.  backing, 
in   material    sense ;    A   voler   piantare 
un  chiodo  in  un'  asse  ci  vuole  il  — , 
for  driving  a  nail  into  a  board  there 
must  be  something  to  rest  it  against. 
n.    (mils.)  -i  falsi,  discords. 

*  i.  battle,  ii.  address,  on  a  letter  or  parcel, 
iii.  suite  of  rooms,  iv.  mechanism  of  a  lock  and 
key.  v.  obstacle,  vi.  embroidered  ornament,  vii.  = 
Avviso, information,  viii.  as /r<?/., opposite,  fix.  = 
Granchio,  clamp. 

Eiscontr6so ;  knotty  (wood). 

Eiscoppiare  ind.  riscoppio ;  to  burst 
out  afresh. 

Eiscoprire  ind.  riscopro;  i.  to  re- 
discover. 2.  to  disclose  in  turn  ;  Paese 
che  ne  riscopre  un  altro,  village  from 
which  another  village  may  be  seen. 

Biscdrrere  pcrf.  riscors-i,  part,  -o  ; 
to  run  over  again. 

Risc6ss-a  /  ;   I.  vbsb.  of  Riscotere. 

2.  recovery   (of    a    military   position). 

3.  support  (of  a  hard-pressed  body  of 
troops).     4.  revolt  (of  a  people  against 
their  oppressors). 

*i.  rescue,  ii.  collection  of  a  debt.  iii.  Stare 
alle  -e,  to  be  ready  to  defend  oneself. 

Biscossidne  / ;  collection  (of  debts, 


or  money  due  for  taxes) ;  Credito  di 
pronta  — ,  short  credit. 

Biscbsso  ;  \.part.  Riscotere.  2.  as 
sb.,  cash  collected. 

Biscossdue  in. ;  violent  start,  usu. 
Scossone. 

Eisc6t-ere ;  v.  Riscuotere.  Aff. 
-ibile,  -ime'nto,  -itdre. 

Eiscrivere ;  i.  to  rewrite.  2.  to 
write  back. 

Eiscu6t-ere,  Bisc6t-ere  ind.  ris- 
cuoto,  perf.  riscossi,  part,  riscosso;  I.  to 
give  a  great  start.  2.  tr.  to  rouse  with 
a  shake.  3.  to  get  in  (money).  4.  to 
take  out  of  pawn.  5.  to  make  good  (a 
loss).  6.  to  earn  (praise).  7.  fig.  scherz. 
to  earn  a  thrashing.  8.  -ersi,  to  come 
to,  after  a  swoon. 

Bisdallero  m.  (corr.  of  Germ.  Reichs- 
t/mler) ;  rixdollar,  a  coin  worth  about 
two  shillings. 

Ei-  or  Ee-secare  ind.  riseco;  I.  to 
cut  down  (expenses).  2.  to  cut  off,  cut 
out ;  L'  incasso,  se  si  resechino  le  spese, 
e  molto  misero,  the  net  return,  after 
striking  off  the  expenses,  is  very  poor. 
Aff.  -secame'nto. 

Biseccare  ;  intens.  Seccare,  to  dry 
up,  tr.  or  /////•. 

Eisecch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  become 
dry. 

Bise'cco ;  dried  up. 

Eisecondare  ;  to  make  a  third  trial. 

Bisedenza  /  ;  (eccl.)  canopy  under 
which  the  Sacrament  is  displayed. 

*i.  =  Residenza.     ii.  sediment,     iii.  halt. 

Eisede're  or  Bisie'dere,  for  conjuga- 
tion v.  Sedere  ;  i.  to  sit  down  again. 
2.  to  reside.  3.  to  be  situated.  4.  of 
sediment,  to  sink.  * —  (d"  alcuno  uf- 
ficio),  to  hold  it. 

Bise'ga  /   (vtsb.   of   Risegare,    B) ; 

1.  (arch.)  set-off  or  off-set,  where  the 
thickness  of  a  wall  is  abruptlydiminished 
(usually  in  the  foundations).     2.  a  rise 
made  in  a  piece  of  ground  for  the  pur- 
pose of  forming  a  level  space.     3.  =  Ri- 
seghinetta. 

Bisegare  ind.  riscgo  (A) ;  to  re-saw. 
(B; ;  =  Resecare. 

Biseghindtta  /  (dim.  of  Risega); 
dent  on  the  skin,  e.g.  from  a  tight 
garter. 

*  Risegnay^ ;  i.  =  Cessione.  ii.  =  Kassegna,  review. 

Eisegnare  ind.  rise'gno ;  to  mark 
again.  *i.  to  sign  (in  approval),  ii.  to 
resign,  iii.  to  review. 

t Risegol-a/7;  =  Risega.     -o  ;«.;=Kiseghinetta. 

*  Risegonare  ;  to  saw  up. 

Ei-seguitare,  -seminare ;  to  recon- 
tinue,  resow. 

Eisensarsi;  to  recover  the  sense, 
viz.  of  sight,  D.  Par.  26.  4. 

Eisentimdnto   m. ;    i.    resentment. 

2.  feeling,  which  is  the  ///.  meaning,  and 
may  occur  as  an  artist's  term ;   (^uella 


5»o 


RISENTIRE— RISPETTO 


diversa  situazione  delle  gambe,  quel  — 
delle  giunture  che  faceano  lo  sforzo... 
mostrava  il  bronzo  quasi  differente- 
mente  impastato,  that  unusual  disposi- 
tion of  the  legs  and  the  evident  strain 
of  the  joints... almost  gave  the  impres- 
sion of  the  composition  of  the  bronze 
being  different,  cp.  Risentito. 

*i.  Fare  un  — ,  to  expostulate,  ii.  crack  in  a 
building  as  the  effect,  f.g.,  of  an  earthquake,  ///. 
after-effect. 

Risent-ire  itni.  Risento  ;  I.  repel. 
Sentire ;  Appena  1'  ebbe  pensato  ne  -1 
come  uno  spavento,  he  was  terrified  at 
the  bare  thought  of  it.  2.  pop.  Aver 
-ito,  to  have  heard  before ;  Ripensavo 
a  quella  voce,  ne  mi  riusciva  di  ricor- 
darmi  dove  e  quando  mi  fosse  avvenuto 
di  -irla,  I  kept  thinking  of  that  voice 
but  could  not  call  to  mind  where  or 
when  it  was  that  1  had  heard  it  before; 
Non  ne  -ii  piu  bucinare,  I  no  longer 
heard  people  whispering  about  it  ; 
Poesia  che  -e  della  stizza  dei  tempi  in 
rhe  fu  scritta,  poetry  with  obvious  traces 
of  the  passions  prevalent  at  the  date  of 
its  composition. 

As  re//.,  -irsi :  3.  to  wake  up.  4.  to 
show  signs  of  life.  5.  to  get  angry. 
6.  of  plants,  to  begin  their  spring 
growth.  7.  of  buildings,  to  show  any 
symptom  of  decay;  In  mill'anni  questa 
torre  non  s'  e  -ita,  non  ha  fatto  un  pelo, 
in  a  thousand  years  this  tower  has  not 
moved  an  atom,  nor  is  there  a  single 
crack  in  it. 

Risentit-0;  \.part.  Kisentire.  As 
adj. :  2.  wild,  angry;  Indole  focosa  e 
-a,  a  fiery  and  resentful  character ;  Gesto 
— ,  a  gesture  of  indignation.  3.  hard, 
strong;  La  durezza  -a  de'  lineament!, 
the  very  great  hardness  of  the  features; 
La  pioggia  vien  giu  -.1,  the  rain  is 
coming  down  furiously  ;  Uomo  — , 
quick-tempered  person  ;  Maniera  -a, 
pronounced  manner  (in  art)  ;  Marcia 
-a,  (tints.)  lively  march;  Stile  — ,  racy 
style.  4.  as  adv.,  angrily.  Aff.  -amente, 
-dzza. 

Riseppell-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  bury 
again. 

Riserb-are,  -o ;  v.  Riserv-are,  -a. 

Riserr-are  ind.  riserro;  i.  to  shut 
again.  2.  to  fill  up  the  cracks  and 
chisel  off  the  ridges  of  a  bronze  casting. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Riserva,/,  Riserbo  nt. ;  reserve. 
Riservare,  Riserbare  ;  to  reserve,  hoard  up. 
Riserv-atamente;  with  reserve.    Aff.  -ate^/a. 

Riservire  ind.  riservo;  i.  to  serve 
again.  2.  to  return  a  favour. 

Riservista  ;;/. ;  as  E. 

Risett-ino  sub-dim.,  -o  dim.,  of  Riso. 

Risfarinare;  to  reduce  to  finer  flour. 

Risforzare ;  reptt.  orintens.  Sforzare, 
to  compel. 

Risguardare ;  i.g.  Riguardare,  to 
concern. 

*  Risiarche  in. ;  heresiarch. 

Risfbil-e  ;  ridiculous.     Aff.  -ita. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

risoluto,  free  (st>le,  in  painting).     Aff. 
-ibile,  -ibilita,  -imdnto. 

Risom-mare,  -ministrare  ;  to  sum 
up,  supply  (again). 


Risic-are,  -O;  var,  of  Rischi-are,  -o, 
risk. 


RisiMere;  i.g.  Risedere,  to  reside. 

*  Risigallo  (Risagallo)  m.\=  Realgar. 

Risigillare;  repel,  or  intens.  Sigil- 
lare,  to  seal. 

*  Risima /;  r>.  Risina. 
Risino  m. ;  dim.  Riso. 
Risfpol-a/(Gr.,t/.  Skeat,  sub  vnc.); 

erysipelas.     Aff.  -6so. 

Risma  (Risima)  f.  (Span.  res»ia,< 
Arabic  risnta,  a  bundle,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ream);  i.  ream,  a  given  quantity  of 
paper,  in  Tuscany  85  quartos  for  writing- 
paper,  100  for  printing.  2.  fig.  spreg. 
=  Taglia;  Gente  d'  ogni  — ,  people  of 
all  sorts  and  kinds. 

Riso  ;  (A)  part.  Riderc.  As  s6.,  m. 
(but/,  in  //.,  Risa),  i.  laugh.  2.  in//., 
laughter ;  Esporsi  alle  risa,  to  expose 
oneself  to  ridicule. 

(B)  (hot.}  rice,  Oryza  saliva. 

Etym.  L.  oryza,  <  Gr.  opu£a,  <an  old  Persian 
form  preserved  in  the  Pushto  (Afghan)  tvrij'ey,  rice. 
Hence  also  Arabic  /truss,  >  Span,  arroz,  rice. 

Ri-soffiare,  -soggiungere,  -sognare ; 
to  blow  again,  add  another  extra  piece, 
dream  again. 

Risol-are ;  to  re-sole.    Aff.  -atura. 

*  Risoldare  ;  to  engage  afresh. 

Risolettare ;  to  re-sole  (a  stocking). 
Risolfno  ///.  ;  dim.  vess.  Riso,  laugh. 

Risollecitare  ;  repel,  or  intens.  Sol- 
lecitare. 

Risolleticare ;  repel,  or  intens.  Sol- 
leticare. 

Risollevare;    r.   to  elevate.    2.   - 
una  questione,  to  bring  up  a  question 
again. 

Risolto;  v.  Risolvere. 
Risoliibile;  resolvable. 

Risolut-am^nte,  -e/za  ;  ?-.  -o. 

Risolutiv-o;     i.     (med.)     laxative. 

2.  analytic  ;     Formole   -e    di    un    pro- 
blema,  formulae  for  solving  a  problem. 

3.  Patto  — ,  condition  in  a  sale  under 
which  the  sale  may  be  annulled  at  a 
given  period  by  the  vendor. 

Risoluto;    i.    f.irt.     Risolvere.      2.    as    adj., 

resolute. 

Risoluzione  /.;  i.  as  E.  2.  solution  (of  a 
problem).  3.  dissolution  (of  a  contract).  4.  (faint.) 
freedom  of  touch. 

Risblv-ere  per/,  risolvei  risolvetti 
or  risolsi  risolve'sti  risolse  tisolvdmmo 
risolve'ste  risolsero,  part,  risoluto  or 
risolto,  with  different  usages,  risolto 
meaning  "solved,  settled,"  risoluto  "de- 
termined, resolved  ";  i.  to  resolve.  2.  to 
solve.  3.  leg.  to  dissolve,  annul.  4.  to 
act  in  the  proper  way,  to  work;  Questo 
fuoco  per  quanto  ci  si  soffi,  si  consuma 
e  non  -e,  however  much  we  blow  this 
fire  it  just  burns  away,  but  will  not 
burn  up  properly;  Una  cura  che  non 
-e  niente,  a  cure  which  has  not  the 
smallest  efficacy.  5.  in  physics,  -ersi, 
to  be  transformed,  e.g.  from  the  con- 
dition of  liquid  to  that  of  gas.  6.  pnrt. 


fRison  HI.  ;  (mar.)-  Prestantiuo  di  prora, 
stemson. 

Risonan-temente,  -za  ;  resonance,  i>.  Riso- 
nare. 

Risonare ;  i.  to  resound.  2.  to  play  (music) 
again. 

Ris6ne  /;/.;  a  variety  of  rice  with  large  grains. 

Ri-sopire,  -sorbire ;  to  lull,  suck  up 
(again). 

Risdrgere  (Resurgere)  ind.  ris6rg-o 
-i,  perf.  risorsi,  part,  risdrto ;  I.  to  rise 
again ;  Risorgono  le  tenebre,  darkness 
returns.  2.  to  revive. 

Risorgimento  m. ;  i.  resurrection, 
\nfig.  sense.  2.  =  Rinascimento.  3.  the 
recovery  of  Italian  independence,  or  the 
period  thereof,  1831  — 1870. 

Risorsa  f.  (Fr.  ressonrce ;  source, 
spring,  is  for  sotirse,  part,  of  sonrdre,< 
L.  surgere,  to  rise);  resource. 

Risortire  ;  rcpet.  Sortire.  *  =  Re- 
spingere. 

Risdrto  (A)  ;  part.  Risorgere,  re- 
suscitated. 

*(B)(Fr.  ressorl);  i.   tribute,     ii.  jurisdiction. 

Ri-sospendere /,•//  -sospesi,  fart,  -sospeso; 
to  suspend  again. 

Risosp(ng-ere  pei'f.  risospiosi,  part. 
risospinto ;  to  repel  again.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Ri-sospirare,  -sotterrare ;  to  sigh, 
bury  (again). 

Risottista  adj. ;  claqueur,  v.  Risot- 
to  (B). 

RisbttO  m.  ;  (A)  rice  and  gravy. 
(B)  (///en/.)  claque. 

Risottomettere ;  to  re-subdue. 

Risovven-irsi  ind.  mi  risovvengo ; 
to  remember.  Aff.  -im^nto. 

Rispargere  perf.  risparsi,  part,  ri- 
sparso  or  risparto ;  to  scatter  again. 

Risparmi-are  ind.  risparmin  (It. 
sparagnare,  q.v.,  with  intensive  prefix); 
i.  to  save  up.  2.  to  spare;  La  si  ri- 
sparmi,  take  care  of  yourself.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Risparmi-O  m. ;  savings,  thrift.  Cas- 
sa  di  — ,  savings  bank.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 

Ri-spazzare,  -spaventare,  -spedire, 
-sp^ndere,  -spongers ;  to  sweep,  frighten, 
send  back  (or  give  up  for  lost),  spend, 
extinguish  (again). 

Rispett-abile,  -are,  -ivamente,  -ivo;  as  E. 

Risp6tt-o  ;//.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Re- 
spect, Respite);  I.  respect.  2.  Con  — 
parlando,  if  I  may  be  excused  saying 
so.  3.  regard ;  —  umano,  regard  for 
what  people  may  think  or  wish  ;  Perche 
tanti  -i  al  mondo,  why  pay  so  much 
attention  to  what  the  world  may  say? 
Molti  altri  -i  vietano  il  farlo,  many  other 
considerations  forbid  this  being  done. 
4.  (poet.)  a  stanza  (usually  written  as  a 
sonnet  of  rustic  courtship)  of  eight  lines, 
the  first  four  rhyming  alternately,  the  last 
four  in  pairs.  5.  Per,  A  or  In  —  a,  in 


RISPIANARE— RITENERE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


comparison  with ;  Per  —  alle  difficolta 
e  riuscito  assai  bene,  considering  the 
difficulties  of  the  case  he  has  succeeded 
extremely  well.  6.  Di  — ,  in  reserve; 
Kuota  di  — ,  spare  wheel;  Ancora  di 
— ,  spare  anchor.  7.  as  adv.,  in  com- 
parison with.  *respite.  Aff.  -osame'nte, 
-oso,  -uccio  dim.  of  sense  (4). 

Ri-spianare,  -spiare,  -spigolare ;  to 
level  (or  explain),  spy  out,  glean  (again). 
-spingere ;  =  Respingere. 

*Rispitto  >«. ;  i.  =  Rispetto.  ii.  conspicuous 
instance.  iii.  delay,  iv.  trustfulness,  D.  Purg. 
30.  43.  v.  =  Riposo. 

Risplendere ;  intens.  Splendere. 

Ri-spogliare,  -spolverare;  to  un- 
dress, remove  the  dust  (again). 

Rispondenza  /  ;  =  Corrispondenza. 

Rispond-ere  ind.  rispdndo,  per/,  ri- 
sposi,  part,  risposto ;  i.  to  answer. 

2.  Chiama  e  -i !  i.e.  (a)  I  expect  a  plain 
answer    to    my   question,    (6)    absurd  ! 
that  is,  the  thing  referred  to  is  absurd. 

3.  to  return,  e.g.  a  salute.     4.  at  cards, 
to  follow  suit.     5.  v.  Rima  (3).     6.  of  a 
door  or  window,  to  open  upon ;  Finestra 
che  -e  sui  bastioni,  window  looking  out 
upon  the  fortifications.     7.    -ente,  suit- 
able. 

Ktyin.  L.  respondere,  lit.  to  promise  in  return, 
<spotult!re,  to  pledge  oneself;  cp.  Gr.  <nror6ou, 
truce,  <  (nreViw,  to  pour  out  solemn  libations. 


answer. 

*  Risponditore    tn.;    draftsman    of    replies    to 
despatches. 

Rispons-abile,  -ivo  ;  =  Respons-. 

Risponsidne/  ;  =  Canone,  rate  (tax). 

Risp6st-a/. ;  i.  answer.  2.  return 
thrust  in  fencing.  3.  v.  Botta  (9).  Aff. 
-accia  pegg.,  -ina  dim.  vezs.,  -uccia  dim. 
spreg. 

Ri-spuntare,  -spurgare,  -sputare; 
v.  Re-,  prefix,  in  loco. 

*  Risquitt-ire  imt.  -isco;    i.  (hawking  term]  to 
attend  to  the  feathers  of  a  hawk.     ii.  to  give  respite 
to,  v.  Risquitto. 

*Risquitto;  v.  Resquitto,  rest. 

*  Risquotere ;~  Riscuotere. 

Riss-a  /.  (L.  rixii)  ;  strife.  Aff. 
-aiolo,  -are,  -6so. 

Ristabil-ire;  tore-establish.     Aff.  -imento. 

Ristagnare  (A)  (lit.  to  re-tin,  v. 
Stagno) ;  to  re-line  with  tin,  or  re- 
solder  with  tin. 

(B)  (intens.  Stagnare)  ;  i.  to  stag- 
nate. 2.  of  a  wound,  to  cease  bleeding. 
3.  tr.  to  stanch.  4.  to  make  a  wooden 
vessel  watertight  by  soaking,  v.  Rin- 
vcnire. 

A  !f.  Ri.stagn-amento,  -atura. 

Ristagn-o  (Restagno)  in. ;  vbsb.  of 
-are  (B).  *  =  Riposo. 

*  Ristallarsi ;-  Ristarsi,  Indugiare. 

Ristamp-a/;  reprint.  Aff.  -abile, 
-are,  -atore. 

Ristappare;  to  uncork  again. 

Ristare  ind.  ristof  per/,  ristetti  ri- 
ste'sti...,  ?/.  Stare,  part,  ristato,  intens. 
Stare  ;  to  go  on  staying,  continue  to 
stop.  L'  avevano  levato  dal  suo  posto 


ed  ora  non  so  se  ci  ristark,  they  had 
moved  it  from  its  proper  position  and 
now  I  do  not  know  if  it  can  be  made  to 
stay  there  again.  Non  — ,  to  persist. 
Cesare  quantunque  avvertito  della  con- 
giura  non  ristette  dall'andare  in  Senato, 
Caesar,  though  warned  of  the  conspiracy, 
persisted  in  going  to  the  Senate-house. 
Non  ristarsene,  to  persist  in  one's  en- 
deavours. *to  resist. 

Ristaur-are ;  v.  Restaur-. 

*  Ristecch-ire;  i.  to  dry  up,  to  shrivel,    ii.  fart. 
•ito,  constipated. 

Ristemperare  ind.  ristempero;  to 
temper  again. 

*  Ristendere :    n-pet.   or    itttens.    Stendere,    to 
stretch. 

fRisti-arare,  -are;=Rischi-. 

Ri-stillare,  -stoppare;  to  re-distil, 
re-stop. 

Ristologi  in.',  OW.)  =  Aristologia. 

*  Ristoppiare  ;  i.  to  glean,     ii.   to  repeat  a  corn 
crop. 

Ristorante  ///.,  or  Gaffe  — ;  (Fr.) 
restaurant. 

Ristor-are  (var.  of  Restaurare)  ; 
i.  to  refresh.  2.  to  restore,  re-estab- 
lish. 3.  to  indemnify.  Aff.  -amento, 
-ativo. 

Ristor-at6re  ;//.,  -at6ra,  -atrice/; 
i.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  restaurant  keeper. 


Rispondiero ;  (servant)  too  ready  to      dim. 


Ristorazi6n-e  /.;  vfisli.  Ristorare.     A(f.  -cella 


Ristornare ;  to  bounce  back. 

Ristornino  m. ;  boys'  game  of  throw- 
ing a  coin  edgewise  against  a  wall  to 
make  it  bounce  back  as  far  as  possible. 

Ristorn-o  m. ;  i .  v.  -are.  2.  at 
billiards,  Di  — ,  (to  make  a  stroke)  by 
doubling  off  the  cushion. 

Rist&r-o  m. ;  i.  refreshment.  2. 
amends,  v.  -are. 

Ristrett-ame'nte,  -6zza. ;  y.  -o. 

Ristrettino  m. ;  dim.  Ristretto  (5). 
Un  —  di  giammaica  nero,  a  small  glass 
of  strong  rum. 

Ristrett-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  shrink, 
on  washing. 

Ristrettiv-0 ;  restrictive.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnte. 

Ristretto;  i.  part.  Ristringere. 
2.  as  adj.,  restricted.  3.  compressed. 
4.  insufficient.  5.  concentrated,  strong 
(liquor).  6.  Prezzo  — ,  lowest  price. 
7.  as  s6.,  epitome,  abridgment ;  In 
— ,  summarily. 

Ristr-lngere,  Restr-lngere  perf. 
-\ns\,part.  -e"tto  or  -into;  i.  to  squeeze, 
tighten.  2.  to  restrict.  3.  to  narrow. 
4.  (med.}  to  astringe.  5.  -ingersi  nelle 
spalle,  to  shrug  the  shoulders  as  a 
gesture  either  of  compulsory  assent  or 
of  unwillingness  to  act  as  asked.  Aff. 
-ingitivo. 

Ristropicciare  ;  to  rub  again. 

Ristucc-are  ;  i .  to  re-plaster.  2.  fig. 
to  nauseate. 

Aff.  -amento,  -o  adj.,  satiated. 
Ristudiarc  ;  to  study  afresh. 


Risucchio  /«. ;  whirlpool,  eddy. 

Risucciare;  intftis.  or  repet.  Suc- 
ciare,  to  suck  up. 

Risudare;  i.  to  transude.  2.  to 
perspire  again. 

Risuggellare ;  to  reseal. 

Risult-are,    Result-are  (L  ,    v.    Skeat,  sub 
T'ffc.)\   as  E.     Aff.  -amento,  -ato  result. 
Risurrezi6ne/i;  as  E. 
Risuscit-are;  as  E.     Aff.  -amento,  -atore. 

Risv4gli-are  ind.  risveglio ;  repet. 
or  intens.  Svegliare,  to  awake.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
-o,  sbs. 

Risverzare  ind.  risvcrzo,  or  Rin- 
verzare  ;  to  bung  up,  to  stop  a  crevice, 
//'/.  with  splinters,  v.  Sverna. 

Risvolt-a  f. ;  point  where  a  road  or 
river  makes  a  sharp  turn,  -are  ;  to 
turn  off  again. 

Ritagli-are ;    i.    to  re-cut.     2.    - 
1'  olio,  to   draw  the  oil   off  the  dregs 
and    separate   it   into  different  vessels 
according  to  quality.     3.   to  cut  away. 
4.  =  Smerlare,  to  pink,  cut  scallops. 

*i.  to  pare,  to  clip.     ii.  to  retail. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Ritagli-0  m. ;  i.  scrap,  snipping; 
Ritagli  di  cotone,  cotton-waste.  2.  odd 
moment  of  time.  3.  A  —  ,  =  A  minuto, 
retail,  esp.  of  selling  cloth  retail.  Aff. 
-e"tto  or  -no  dim.  ^>ezz.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Ritard-are ;  i.  to  wait.  2.  to  be 
late.  3.  intr.  to  delay.  4.  to  reduce 
in  speed;  —  il  passo,  to  walk  more 
slowly.  5.  of  a  watch,  =  Andare  ad- 
dietro,  to  lose. 

Aff.  -abUe,  -amento,  -anza,  -atario  one  behind- 
hand in  making  a  payment,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Ritardo  /«. ;  i.  delay.  2.  (mtts.) 
retarding  resolution  of  a  chord  through 
a  prolonged  note,  a  suspension. 

Ritassatdre  m. ;  =  Tassatore,  as- 
sessor. 

*  *  Ritavolare ;  to  measure  the  area  of. 

Rit^gno  m. ;  i.  restraining  influence. 
2.  self-restraint.  3.  Senza  — ,  (a)  un- 
reservedly, (6)  without  moderation. 
4.  stay ;  Lui  ne  vedeva  andare  che  suo 
sostegno  e  —  era  lungamente  stato,  he 
saw  the  departure  of  one  who  had  long 
been  his  support  and  stay ;  Con  una 
verghetta  L'  aperse,  che  non  v'  ebbe  al- 
cun  — ,  he  opened  (the  gate)  with  a 
short  staff,  for  there  was  no  resistance, 
D.  Inf.  9.  90. 

*i.  ^Refugio.     ii.  =  Ritenitiva,  memory. 

Ritemperare  ind.  ritempero ;  repet. 
or  intens.  Temperare. 

Ri-tempestare,  -tenders ;  repel. 
Tempestare,  Tendere. 

Riten-ere  ind.  ri-tengo,  -tieni...,  v. 
Tenere  ;  i.  to  continue  holding.  2.  to 
hold  back ;  Ritenne  un  grido,  he  re- 
pressed a  cry.  3.  to  act  as  a  drag  (on 
a  wheel),  to  hold  in  (a  horse),  to  hold 
up  (a  bank  of  earth),  to  retain  in  one's 
memory,  to  detain  (in  custody) ;  —  il 


512 


passo,  to  stop.  4.  to  regard;  Ritene- 
vano  non  trattarsi  d'  un  delitto,  they 
did  not  consider  tt  a  criminal  affair. 
5.  to  deduct.  Aff.  -imento. 

Ritenitiva  f. ;  power  of  memory. 

Riten-itdre  m. ;  v.  -ere.  *har- 
bourer  (of  thieves). 

Ritentare  ind.  ritento ;  to  reattempt. 
Ritento  la  prova,  he  renewed  the  at- 
tempt. 

•Ritentire    (togit.     Fr.    rettntir,  <  bit.    ••  n- 
tinnitire,  of  imit.  origin);   to  resound. 

Ritenuta_/^ ;  i.  stoppage  (from  one's 
pay).  2.  =  Ritenere.  3.  (mar.)  check- 
rope,  guy.  t  storing-place  in  the  woods, 
for  chestnuts. 

Ritenut-0 ;    i.    part,    of    Ritenere. 

2.  as    adj.,    reserved,    self-possessed. 

3.  -  -    che,    whereas.      Aff.    -amente, 
-e*zza. 

Ritenzi6ne/ ;  retention,  i>.  Ritenere. 
Ritessere:  to  weave  again. 

*  Ritimare  ;  to  write  verses,  r'.  Ritmo. 

Ritfn-gere;  to  re-dye.     Aff.  -tura. 

Ritir-are  ;  i.  repet.  or  intens.  Tirare. 
2.  to  reprint  (a  book).  3.  (print.)  to 
reduce  the  space  between  the  letters  or 
lines  so  as  to  make  space,  e.g.  for  an  in- 
sertion. 4.  to  take  a  fresh  impression  of 
a  sheet.  5.  to  draw  back,  draw  in,  with- 
draw, draw  aside.  6.  to  make  the  barrel 
of  a  gun  thinner.  7.  to  shrink,  as  flannel 
in  washing.  8.  —  da  suo  padre,  to 
resemble  one's  father.  9.  —  una  lettera 
dalla  posta,  to  get  it  out  of  the  post, 
i.e.  either  to  claim  a  letter  addressed 
to  one,  or  to  get  back  a  letter  one  wishes 
not  to  send.  10.  -arsi,  to  retire;  Vita 
-ata,  retired  life ;  Andare  -ato  in  un 
affare,  to  enter  upon  it  cautiously. 

Ritirat  !  (tuil.  word  of  command)  as  you  were  ! 

Ritirata/;  i.  retreat.    2.  privy. 

Ritir-atam6nte ;  v.  -are  (ro).  Aff. 
-atezza. 

Ritiro  vi.;  i.  retirement,  esp.  thaf 
of  a  nunnery  or  the  nunnery  itself. 
2.  fig.  place  of  retreat ;  S'  era  fatto 
nella  parte  piu  riposta  della  mente  uno 
splendido  — ,  he  had  a  splendid  castle 
of  retreat  in  the  inmost  recesses  of  his 
mind.  3.  In  — ,  on  the  retired  list. 

4.  v.  Ritirare  (7). 

Ritm-0,  Rimm-0  m.  (Gr.) ;  rhythm. 
Aff.  -icame'nte,  -ico. 

Rito  m.  (L.  ritus,  lit.  usage,  root 
ret,  to  flow,  cp.  Sanskr.  riti,  going) ; 
rite.  Esser  di  — ,  to  be  the  regular 
thing. 

Ritocc-are  ind.  ritocco  -hi ;  I.  repet. 
or  intens.  Toccare.  2.  to  retouch,  e.g. 
a  picture.  3.  to  touch  upon  again. 
4.  to  have  a  second  helping,  e.g.  of  pud- 
ding. 5.  of  a  horse,  -arsi,  to  strike  the 
hind  and  fore  feet  together  in  trotting. 

At?,  -ata,  -anna  dim.,  -atura. 

Ritocchino  in. ;  i.  a  "little  some- 
thing" between  meals.  2.  a  further 
helping  of  some  delicacy. 


RITENITIVA— RITTO 

For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 

Ritdcco  m. ;  i.  touching  up,  etc., 
v.  Ritoccare.  2.  a  second  stroke,  e.g. 
of  apoplexy. 

Rit6gli-ere,  for  conjtig.  v.  Togliere ; 
to  take  away  again.  Aff.  -me'nto. 

t Rit6ia./;—  Mangiatoia,  manger. 

Ritondare  ind.  ritondo;  i.  to  round 
off.  2.  (iron.}  —  le  teste,  to  make  them 
silly,  the  opposite  of  Riquadrare  (4). 

Ritonfare ;  to  re-plunge,  v.  Ton- 
fare. 

Ritbrc-ere  ind.  ritorco  -i,  per/,  ri- 
torsi,  fut.  ritorcero,  part,  ritorto;  I.  re- 
pet,  or  intent.  Torcere.  2.  —  un 
argomento,  to  turn  an  argument  against 
the  person  who  used  it.  Aff.  -[bile. 

Ritormentare  ind.  ritormento ;  to 
torment  again. 

Ritorn-are  ind.  ritorno ;  i .  to  return. 
2.  to  swell,  as  rice  in  cooking.  Aff. 
-ata. 

Ritorn-fello  m.  ;  refrain. 

Ritdrno  in.  ;  vbsb.  of  Ritornare. 

Ri-t6rre  ;  syncop.  for  Ritogliere. 
Aff.  -torsione  vbsb. 

Rit6rta,  Ritbrtpla  /  ;  withy  band. 
Prov.  Aver  piii  fasci  che  un  altro  ritor- 
tole,  or  Aver  piii  ritortole  che  fastella, 
to  have  an  answer  always  ready,  t  fes- 
toon. 

*  Ritortiglio  /«.;  twisted  thread. 

Rit6r-to  part.,  -tura  vast.,  of  Ritor- 
cere. 

Tosare, 


Ritosare;  in  tens,  or  repet. 
to  shear. 

*  Ritrangol-a,   -o  m. ;   a  mode  of  evading  the 
law   against    usury,    the    money-lender   making    his 
interest  by  repurchasing  an  article  from  a  customer 
to  whom  he  had  purported  to  sell  it  for  a  larger  sum. 

Ri-  or  Re-trarre,  for  conjug.  v. 
Trarre;  i.  repet.  or  intens.  Trarre,  to 
draw,  pull.  2.  to  portray;  —  dal  vero, 
to  draw  from  life;  also  Jig.  as  in  E.  for 
portraiture  by  writing.  3.  to  show  the 
character  of;  Ritrae  dal  padre,  he  is 
like  his  father ;  Libro  che  retrae  del 
luogo  e  dei  tempi,  a  book  which  shows 
marks  of  the  place  and  date  of  its 
composition.  4.  to  draw,  gather,  under- 
stand. As  refl.  -trarsi :  5.  to  withdraw. 
6.  to  take  shelter. 

*  Ritratta  f.  ;    i.    retreat,     ii.    Dare  —  a   una 
mercanzia,  to  allow  it  to  be  re-exported. 

Ritratt-are  (A);  repet.  Trattare. 
(IB)  (L.  rctractare);  to  retract.  (0)  (It. 
ritratto)  ;  to  portray.  Aff.  -abile, 
-azione. 

Ritratt-ino  in.  ;  dim.  vezs.  -o. 

Ritrattista  m. ;  portrait-painter. 

Ritrattivo;  v.  Ritrarre. 

Ritratto;  I.  part.  Ritrarre.  2.  as 
sb.,  portrait.  *outcome. 

Ritraversare ;  to  recross. 

Ritravio  m. ;  in  paper-making  by 
machinery,  pulp-agitator ;  the  corre- 
sponding tool  for  hand-made  paper  is 
termed  the  Hog. 


the  simple  word. 

Ritrecine  m.  (perhaps  an  inversion 
of  It.  reticina,  with  epenthetic  r)  ; 
i.  i.q.  Giacchio,  casting-net.  2.  an 
apparatus  used  to  facilitate  the  motion 
of  the  water  in  certain  water-mills.  3.  A 
— ,  =  Arovina.  Andare  a — ,  to  go  to  the 
dogs. 

*  Ritreppio /«.;  i.  =  Sessitura,  flounce,     ii.  =  Irn- 
bastitura,  running. 

Ri-trescare,  -trincerare ;  to  dance, 
entrench  (again). 

*  Ritrinciare ;  to  cut  up. 

Ritritare;  repet.  or  intens.  Tritare, 
to  mince. 

Ri-trombare,  -troncare  ;  repel. 
Trombare,  Troncare. 

Ritropico  ;  pop.  for  Idropico,  dropsical. 

Ritrdsa/  (It.  ritroso,  lit.  therefore, 
that  which  curves  upon  itself);  i.  bag- 
net.  2.  net  for  birds.  3.  winding  path. 

4.  twist  in  the  hair  which  will  not  lie 
flat. 

Ritros-accio  pegg.,  -aggine  sb., 
-am6nte  iu/v.,  -ello  or  -<5tto  dim.  vezz. ; 

V.  -O. 

Ritros-ia  / ;  waywardness,  -ita  /  ; 
piece  of  waywardness,  v.  -o. 

Ritr6s-o  (old  It.  retrorso,  <  L.  re- 
trorsus,  <  retroversus) ;  I.  moving  back- 
wards ;  Fa  —  calle,  he  walks  back- 
wards, D.  Inf.  20.  39.  2.  unwilling, 
averse  ;  La  Curia  era  -a  al  sistema 
copernicano,  the  Roman  Curia  set  its 
face  against  the  Copernican  system. 
3.  wayward.  4.  whirling,  eddying. 

5.  A   --   della    corrente,    against    the 
stream.      6.    (Metter    1'    abito)    a    — , 
wrong  side  forwards. 

As  sb. :  7.  mouse-trap  on  the  prin- 
ciple of  a  lobster-pot,  so  that  the  mice 
can  get  in  but  not  out.  8.  -i  dell'  ac- 
qua,  del  vento,  whirlpools,  boisterous 
gusts  of  wind.  9.  bag-net  for  fish  or 
birds,  tisu.  Ritrosa.  *  =  Giravolta,  volte 
face. 

Ritrov-are  ind.  ritrovo ;  i.  to  find 
again.  2.  to  touch  up  the  outlines  of  a 
drawing.  3.  —  le  costole  ad  uno,  i.e. 
to  thrash  him.  4.  to  invent.  As  refl. 
-arsi :  5.  to  have  in  plenty ;  Con  tutta 
la  roba  che  si  -a  fa  sempre  il  povero, 
with  all  those  things  about  he  still 
affects  poverty.  6.  to  be  present  (at 
some  event).  7.  to  come  to  oneself; 
Mi  -ai  per  una  selva  oscura,  D.  Inf. 
i.  2,  I  woke  to  the  consciousness  of 
being  in  a  dark  wood.  8.  -arsi  male, 
to  find  oneself  in  a  bad  way. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto,  -ata  discovery, 
-ato  invention,  often  in  sense  of  false- 
hood, -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Ritrovio  in. ;  assemblage  of  doubtful  character. 

Ritrbvo  /«. ;  I.  party  (of  pleasure), 
circle,  society.  2.  place  of  resort, 
meeting-place. 

Rittamente  ;  adv.  of  Ritto. 

Rittino ;   ttim.  vfzz.  of  Ritto,  referring  to  a 


child 


rvnuuu  ,     tit m.    vezx,    ui     rvuiu,    reicrrtug     10    a 

d. 

Ritt-O  (L.  rt-ctus,  straight,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Right);   I.  upright.     2.   Metter  per 


RITTOROVESCIO— RIVESTIRE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


— ,  to  save  up  (money).  3.  Dorme  — , 
he  sleeps  upright,  iron,  of  one  with  large 
feet.  4.  Prov.  Sacco  vuoto  non  sta  — , 
i.e.  an  unfed  person  cannot  be  strong. 
5.  Far  peso  — ,  to  stand  firm  in  some 
opinion.  6.  right  (hand). 

As  sb. :  7.  the  right  side  of  cloth, 
obverse  of  a  medal,  as  opposed  to  Ro- 
vescio, reverse.  8.  upright  post  or  prop. 
9.  Aver  due  -i,  to  look  well  from  both 
sides.  10.  Non  aver  ne  —  nfe  rovescio, 
(a)  =  Aver  due  -i,  (6)  to  have  no  clear 
idea  of  what  one  wants,  (c)  to  be  uni- 
formly a  rogue,  ii.  Non  c'  entra  ne 
per  --  ne  per  rovescio,  he  has  no 
business  to  be  there  at  all.  12.  O  per 
—  o  per  rovescio  ci  ha  entrare,  he  must 
be  there  somehow  or  other.  13.  Per 
— ,  (brick)  laid  upright,  on  one  of  the 
two  narrower  of  its  four  faces,  v.  Mat- 
tone  (3). 

Rittorovescio;  upside  down. 
Rituale ;  as  E. 

Ritual-ista  nt. ;  writer  on,  or  person  conversant 
with  ritual,  -mente ;  according  to  the  proper  ritual. 

Rituff-are ;  to  re-dip.    Aff.  -o. 

Riturare;  repet.  or  intern.  Turare, 
to  stop  up. 

Ri-turbare,  -udire ;  to  disturb,  hear 
(again). 

Riung-ere  ind.  -o,  -i,  perf.  riunsi, 
part,  riunto;  i.  to  grease  again.  2.  -ersi, 
to  grow  rich  again. 

Riuni6ne  /;  i.  =  Seduta,  assem- 
blage, meeting.  2.  reunion. 

Riun-ire  ind.  -isco,  parts,  -ente,  -(to ; 
i.  to  reunite.  2.  to  assemble.  ^4^-itivo. 

Ri-urtare,  -usare ;  to  knock,  put 
into  use  (again). 

Riusci  m. ;  i.  Esser  un  — ,  to  be  a 
job  of  doubtful  issue.  2.  =  Marachella, 
trick. 

Riuscibil-e ;  likely  to  succeed. 

Riuscire,  Riescire  ind.  rie'sco  rie'sci 
...,  perf.  riusc-ii,  parts,  -ente,  -(to  (re- 
intens.  or  repet.  and  Ital.  uscire ;  the 
Fr.  rdussir  is  borrowed  from  Ital.); 

1.  to  result,  be  the  outcome;  Riusci  un 
bel  quadro,  it  came  out  a  fine  picture ; 
Cosa  riescita  in  bene  contro  ogni  pre- 
visione,  a  thing  which  turned  out  satis- 
factorily,  contrary   to  all    expectation. 

2.  to  produce  the  effect  of,  to  appear 
to  be;   La  sua  contentezza  gli  riusciva 
come    un    rimprovero,   her    happiness 
came  as  a  reproach  to  him ;  Mi  riesce 
affatto  nuovo,  it   strikes   me  as   being 
quite  new;   La  proposta  gli  riusci  spa- 
ventosa,  the  suggestion  struck  him  as 
monstrous.     3.  to  go  out  again.     4.  to 
succeed.      5.    i.q.    Rispondere    (6),    to 
command  a  view  of,  to  give  access  to; 
Uscetto  che  riesce  in  un  orto,  a  little  door 
giving  access  to  a  kitchen-garden.   6.  to 
end  up  at;  Dove  va  a  —  questa  strada? 
where  does  this  road  end  ?  Svolti  a  man 
ritta,  e  riesce  sulla  piazza,  you  should 
turn  to  the  right,  then  you  will  get  out 
into  the  square. 

*i.    Non  —  alle  forbici,  i.e.  to  turn  out  different 
H. 


from  what  was  expected,  ii.  —  d'  una  cosa,  to  put 
an  end  to  it,  be  done  with  it.  iii.  to  please ;  Tu  mi 
riesci,  I  like  you. 

Riuscft-a/;  i.  success.  2.  exit; 
Strada  che  non  ha  — ,  cul-de-sac,  blind 
alley;  Casa  con  due  -e,  house  with  two 
doors.  3.  fig.  Trovare  una  — ,  to  find 
a  way  out  (of  difficulty). 

Riva  /  (L.  ripa,  cp.  Scevrare,  < 
separare ;  for  ripa,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Reef) ; 
i.  bank,  shore.  2.  (inar.)  Mandare  a 
— ,  to  send  aloft. 

Rivaccin-are  ind.  rivaccino ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-azione. 

*  Rivaggio  m.  ;=  Riva,  shore. 

Rivagheggiare    ind.    rivagheggio ; 

1.  to   court   again.      2.    to   view  with 
complacency.     3.  to  pursue  a  favourite 
idea  further. 

Rivagire  ;  intcns.  Vagire,  to  cry. 

Rival-e  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -eggiare,  ind.  -eggio. 

Etym.  L.  rivttlis,  which  may  be  either  from 
rivus  (v.  Skeat,  sub  Rival)  or  from  an  independent 
root  riv,  evidenced  by  the  Slav  languages,  e.g.  old 
Bulgarian  r'v'ri,  rival,  Russian  revnauitte,  to  be 
jealous. 

Riyale'rsi  ind.  mi  rivalgo,  perf.  mi 
rivalsi,  part,  rivaluto,  v.  Valere;  i.  to 
utilise  again.  2.  —  con  uno,  orsu  uno, 
to  compensate  oneself  at  his  expense 
for  damage  one  has  suffered  elsewhere ; 
Delia  perdita  se  ne  rivale  su  tutti  noi, 
he  will  make  good  his  loss  at  the  ex- 
pense of  all  of  us.  *to  recover  health. 

Rivalic-are  ind.  rivalico  -hi ;  to  re- 
cross. 

Rivalidazione  /;  (leg.)  making 
again  valid. 

Rivalita/;  rivalry. 

Rivalsa  /;    i.    v.    Ricambio    (4). 

2.  revenge. 

Ri-vangare,  -varcare;  to  dig  up, 
cross  (again). 

Rived^re  ind.  riveggo  or  rive'do,  v. 
Vedere;  i.  to  see  again.  2.  to  review. 

3.  —  la  lezione,  to  take  it  back  and 
learn    it   better.     4.    to  touch  up  (any 
kind  of  work).     5.  A  Lucca  ti  rividdi  ! 
v.  Lucca  (4).     6.  —  i  conti  a  uno,  to 
criticise  him. 

Riveditdra  /. ;  work-woman  who 
removes  loose  fibre  from  cloth. 

Rived-it6re,  -itrice,  -uta  ;  vbsbs.  of -ere. 

Rivel-are  ind.  rivelo  (L.,  <  re-,  back,  v.  Re-  5, 
and  velum,  veil) ;  to  reveal.  Aff.  -abile,  -ativo, 
-atc-re,  -atnce,  -azione. 

tRivella/.;  thorny  loach,  7:  Cobio  (2). 

Rivellino  m.  (etym.  «»&«.);  {mil.)  ravelin,  a 
detached  work  with  two  embankments  raised  before 
the  counterscarp.  *i.  scolding,  ii.  beating. 

Rivelto  ;  pop.  for  Divelto,  flat  on  one's  back. 

*  Rivenare ;  of  a  spring,  to  flow  again. 

*  Rivencidire;  to  become  pliant. 

*  Rivendagnola  /. ;  =  Rivendugliola. 

Riv6nd-ere  ;  i.  to  resell,  esp.  to  sell 
retail.  2.  Aver  ragioni  da  — ,  to  have 
reasons  and  to  spare,  to  be  sure  of  one's 
case.  3.  to  get  the  better  of,  to  "  sell." 
Aff.  -(bile. 

*  Rivenderia  /. ;  =  Haratteria,  trickery. 

Riyendic-are  ind.  rivdndico  -hi;  to 
revindicate.  Aff.  -at6re,  -azi6ne. 

Rive'nd-ita  / ;  i.  sale  by  retail. 
2.  retail  shop.  Aff.  -it6re,  -itora,  -itrice. 


the  simple  word. 

Rivendugliol-o  /«.,  -a  /;  coster- 
monger. 

'^^  Rivenditore  is  a  small  shop- 
keeper of  a  humbler  class  than  Negozi- 
ante.  Rivendugliolo  is  a  street-seller 
generally  with  a  regular  stand  at  some 
corner  and  dealing  chiefly  in  eatables. 
Barullo  is  also  a  street-seller,  but 
without  a  regular  stand  and  dealing 
only  in  eatables  (Tommaseo,  Diz.  di 
Sinonimi). 

Rivenire,  for  conjug.  v.  Venire;  to 
comeback.  *=Rinvenire. 

*  Rivera/;=Riviera,  Stanza,  Stagione. 

Ri-  or  Re-verber-are  ind.  -verbero ; 
i.  to  flash  back.  2.  to  roast  (ore).  *fig. 
=  Abbagliare.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -azi<5ne. 

Etym.  L.,  <  re-,  ver&erare,  to  lash,  <  verber, 
whip,  lit.  flexible  rod,  akin  to  verbena,  olive-branch 
or  laurel-branch,  root  tterb,  to  bend  backwards  and 
forwards,  cp.  Gr.  paj35of,  rod,  for  fpa^fioy,  <.**Fdpf$- 
5os,  p«'iru>  for  fpe'irw,  to  bend,  v.  Repente. 

Riverberat6io  m. ;  reverberatory 
furnace. 

Ri-  or  Re-verbero  m. ;  I.  flashing 
back.  2.  excessive  heat  or  light,  e.g. 
that  of  sunlight  reflected  off  the  walls 
of  a  narrow  court.  3.  concave  reflector. 
4.  Fare  un  — ,  pop.  for  Fare  un  rabbufFo, 
to  reprimand  severely. 

t  Riverci-are  ;   repet.  Verciare.     -o  m. ;  =  Ro- 
vescio. 

Riyeren-  or  Rever&n-te,  -tem^nte, 
-za,  -ziale ;  as  E. 

^^TRi-orRe-verenza,asin  English, 
may  be  used  in  the  sense  of  "curtsey," 
but  as  "reverence"  it  is  usu.  Reverenza 
and  as  "  curtsey  "  Riverenza. 

Riverenz-ina  f.  •  dim.  vezz.  of -a.  -onayl: 
ftugm.  deep  curtsey.  -6ne  HI.  ;  augm.  sckerz. 
prodigious  curtsey. 

River-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <  re-,  vereor, 
to  fear,  root  -wer,  to  watch,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Wary);  i.  to  revere.  2.  to  pay 
one's  respects  to. 

Riversare  ind.  ri verso;  i.  to  pour 
out.  2.  —  la  colpa  or  la  broda,  addosso 
a  uno,  to  lay  the  blame  upon  him  and 
so  excuse  oneself. 

*  i.  to  turn  inside  out.     ii.  to  upset,     iii.  to  over- 
throw. 

*Riverscio  w.;=Rovescio. 

River seggiare  ind.  riverse"ggio ;  to 
rewrite  (a  poem). 

Riversibil-e;  (leg.)  reverting.    Aff.  -ita. 

Riversi6ne  /. ;  (leg.)  as  E. 

Riverso;  back.  Cadde  — ,  he  fell 
down  backwards. 

*  i.   part.  Rivertere.     ii.  =  Rovescio,  v.  Gola  (8). 
iii.    (Arco)  — ,  =  Supino,    inverted,      iv.    rolled    up 
(eyes).     As  sb.:  v.  =  Rovescio,  crashing  fall,  D.  Inf. 
12.  45.     vi.  =  Rovescio,  opposite,  reverse,     vii.  back- 
hand blow. 

•Rivertere;  to  turn  away,  D.  Inf.  30.  57. 

*  Rivertire  ;  =  Convertire,  to  convert. 
t  Rivesciare ;  -  Rovesciare. 

Rivest-ire  ind.  rivesto;  I.  to  re- 
clothe.  2.  to  vest  (in  an  office) ;  Silla 
proibi  a'  tribuni  di  —  varie  magistra- 
ture,  Sulla  forbade  the  appointment  of 
the  tribunes  to  certain  offices.  3.  (mil.) 
to  revet  (the  wall  of  a  fortification). 
Aff.  -imdnto,  -itura. 

65 


RIVETRIFICARE— ROCCHELLCT 


Rivetrificare;  to  revitrify. 
*Rivett-ay:;  dim.  Riva.     *-o  m.;  dim.  Rivo. 

Rivettlno  m. ;    the  end   part  of  the  hilt  of  a 
sword,  which  bends  over  so  as  to  guard  the  hand 
from  being  wounded  in  parrying. 
*Rivicello  w.;=Ruscello,  brook. 

Riviera  f. ;  i.  strip  of  land  between 
a  line  of  hills  and  the  sea,  esp.  the 
districts  north-west  and  south-east  of 
Genoa  known  as  the  —  di  ponente  and 
-  di  levante.  2.  (poet.,  also  pop.)  = 
Fiume,  river.  3.  Esser  da  bosco  e  da 
— ,  i.e.  to  be  ready  for  whatever  may 
come. 

Rivificare  ;  i.n.  Rivivificare,  to  revive. 

*  Rivilicare  (prob.<rt-,  valico,  spinning-mill); 
to  turn  over,  think  over. 

Rivin-cere  perf.  -si,  part,  -to;  i.  to 
defeat  again.  2.  in  play,  to  win  back. 

*i.   to  recover,  reconquer,     ii.  to  convince. 

Rivlncita  /. ;  return  match,  usu.  at 
cards. 

Rivirare;  repet.  Virare,  to  return  to 
one's  former  tack. 

*  Riviscello  (Rivicello)  m. ;  dim.  Rivo,  brook. 
Rivisit-a  f.,  -are  vb.  \  as  E. 

Rivist-a/;  review,  -o;  part.  Ri- 
vedere. 

Ri-viyere  perf.  -vissi,  part,  -vissuto ;  to  live 
again,  -vivificare  ;  to  revive. 

Riviv-ire  itui.  -isco;  pop.  for  Rivivere. 

Rivo  (poet.  Rio)  m.  (L.,  root  rei,  to 
flow,  v.  Rito) ;  stream. 

Rivoc-are  and  derivatives;  v,  Revoc-. 

Rivogare  ind.  rivo-go  -ghi;  i.  to 
row  again.  2.  scherz.  to  give,  e.g.  a 
kick.  3.  =  Mettere,  to  stake,  tto  play 
(music). 

Rivolare  ind.  rivolo;  i.  to  fly  back. 
2.  to  fly  swiftly. 

Rivol6re  ind.  rivoglio,  v.  Volere ;  to 
want  again. 

Rivblg-ere  ind.  -o,  -i,  perf.  rivolsi, 
part,  rivolto;  i.  to  turn,  direct.  2.  to 
turn  round.  3.  to  revolve  in  one's 
mind.  4.  to  overturn.  5.  to  turn  away, 
dissuade.  6.  to  revolutionise.  7.  —  la 
parola  a,  to  address,  -ersi :  8.  to  set 
out.  9.  to  betake  oneself.  Aff.  -imdnto. 

Rfvolo  m. ;  poet,  for  Rivo,  stream. 

Rivblta  /;  i.  revolt.  2.  sharp 
turn.  3.  facings,  e.g.  on  a  dress  jacket. 

*i.  wrapping,     ii.  pole,  of  the  earth,     iii.  pretext. 

Rivolt-are  ind.  rivolto;  i.  to  turn 
over.  2.  -  -  lo  stomaco,  to  turn  the 
stomach,  produce  nausea.  3.  =  Indi- 
rizzare,  to  direct.  4.  to  cause  to  revolt, 
-arsi :  5.  to  turn  round.  6.  to  rebel. 
7.  of  the  edge  of  a  knife,  to  be  turned, 
usu.  Arricciarsi.  8.  -ato,  of  a  coat, 
turned. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atfna  dim. ,  -atore,  -atorn, 
-atrice,  -atura. 

Rivoltella  /;  revolver.     *by-path. 

Rivblto;  part.  Rivolvere.  As  sb., 
reverse  side  of  a  dress. 

Rivoltol-are  ind.  rivoltolo  ;  i.  repet. 
or  intens.  Voltolare,  to  roll,  roll  over. 
2.  =  Rimescolare,  turn  upside  down, 
make  a  mess  of.  3.  -arsi,  to  wallow. 
Aff.  -io  freq.  sb. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with.  R  see 

Rivoltolone  in. ;  i.  a  big  roll,  roll 
right  over.  2.  fig.  11  cuore  m'  ha  fatto 
un  — ,  I  was  perfectly  appalled.  3.  iron. 
or  scherz.,  revolution. 

Rivoltoldni  adv. ;  Lo  butto  — ,  he 
rolled  him  over. 

Rivoltoso;  in  revolt. 

Rivolturayl;  {mar.)  shift  of  the  wind. 
*i.     revolution,      ii.  =  Involgimento,    wra] 
iii.  =  Artinciosa  rappresentanza,   gel-up, 
pestuous  weather. 

Rivoluzion-are  ?Y>.,  -ario,  -e;  as  £. 

Rivomitare    ind,   rivomito ;    to  vomit   up  or 


ipping. 
tern- 


t  Rivori6so;=Rigoglioso,  abundant  in  growth. 

Rivotare  (A)  ind.  rivoto;  to  vote 
again.  (B);  =  Rivuotare. 

Rivuls-i6ne;  v.  Revuls-.  *-o;  =  Staccato, 
Spiccato. 

Ri-vuotare  or  -votare  ind.  -voto; 
to  empty  again. 

Rizd-fago,  -filo ;  living  on  roots,  -foro;  with 
roots,  -tomo  M.  ;  herbalist  (Etyin.  of  Rizo-,  Gr. 
pifr,  root). 

Rizdmolo  m. ;  (<W.)=Comino  nostrale,  bishop- 
weed. 

Rizza  f.  :  (mar.)  lashing,  e.g.  —  d'  ancora, 
anchor  lashing,  —  del  bastone  di  flocco,  heel- 
lashing  of  the  jib-boom. 

Rizzaculo  m.\  a  species  of  ant,  v.  Puzzola  (2). 
+  Ri/zaio  M.;  =  Giacchio,  casting-net. 

Rizz-are  (**rectiare,  to  straighten, 
<  L.  rectus,  cp.  Fr.  dresser,  <  **d'  rec- 
tinre,  <  L.  ilirectus,  It.  arricciare,  < 
** aii-rectiarc) ;  I .  to  raise  upright. 
2.  —  grugno,  to  be  surly,  //'/.  raise  up 
the  snout.  3.  --  su  casa,  to  set  up 
house.  4.  —  baracca,  to  start  a  noisy 
quarrel.  5.  (mar.)  to  lash,  v.  Rizza. 
Aff.  -amento,  -ata. 

Rizzeccolare ;  to  remove  the  Zeccoli,  burs. 

Rizzo  ;«.;=Riccio  marino,  sea-urchin. 

Rizzone  ;//.;  (mar.)  grapnel. 

Roano,  Rovano  (A)  ("  raviJanus,  <  \ate  L. 
rtiriitus,  grey,  <  L.  ravus,  grey-yellow,  tawny,  cp. 
old  Span.  raudano,  >  Span.  roano);  roan  (horse), 
of  a  reddish  (or  black)  colour,  intermixed  with  white. 

(B);  Rouen,  in  Normandy. 

Rob  (Robbo)  m.  (Arabic  word);  as  E.,  juice  of 
ripe  fruit  mixed  with  honey  or  sugar. 

R6ba  /  ;  thing,  stuff.  Casa  piena 
di  — ,  house  full  of  things.  Tu  vedessi 
quanto  bella  —  ha  comprato,  you  should 
see  what  lovely  things  she  has  bought. 
Questa  —  e  del  tale,  la  riconosco,  this 
belongs  to  So  and  so,  I  recognise  it. 
—  calorosa  non  ne  mangio,  I  do  not 
eat  things  that  are  heating.  —  forte, 
strong-smelling  stuff.  Nella  botte  c'  £ 
rimasto  poca  — ,  there  is  not  much  left 
in  the  cask.  Ci  hai  —  nella  barba,  you 
have  got  a  lot  of  stuff  on  your  beard. 
Questa  non  e  —  sua,  he  did  not  write 
this  himself.  Mille  volumi,  tutta  - 
scelta,  a  thousand  volumes  all  carefully 
chosen.  -  in  giacchetta  o  —  in  falda 
e  lo  stesso,  what  is  in  a  jacket  is  the 
same  as  what  is  in  broadcloth,  =  the 
Scotch  saying,  A  man's  a  man  for  a' 
that.  —  da  chiodi,  the  worst  kind  of 
thing  ;  Dir  —  da  chiodi  d'  uno,  to  abuse 
him  all  round.  C'  £  —  per  aria,  there 
is  something  in  the  wind.  E  —  di  poco 
momento,  it  is  business  of  little  conse- 
quence. —  di  sotto  banco,  articles  of 
the  finest  quality.  —  andante,  articles 
of  ordinary  quality.  II  tempo  fa  — ,  or 
vuol  far  — ,  it  looks  like  rain.  *dress. 

Etym.     Cogn.  Fr.  robe,  Proven;,  raxba,  Span. 


the  simple  ivord. 

ropa,  bit.  rauba,  <  O.  H  G.  nub  (>  Germ.  Kaub, 
plunder),  akin  to  A.S.  reofan  (>  E.  reave,  in  "reft" 
and  "bereave"),  L.  mtmpere,  to  break,  root  reup, 
to  break,  to  seize.  From  this  Germanic  source  two 
groups  of  words  were  formed  in  the  Romance  lan- 
guages, represented  in  Italian  by  Rubare,  to  rob, 
and  Roba,  of  which  the  original  meaning  was  "dress." 
The  sense  of  dress  was  no  doubt  due  to  the  fact  that 
the  spoils  of  the  slain  consisted  chiefly  of  clothing. 

Robaccia/. ;  pegg.  Roba,  bad  stuff. 

Robbia  /.  (L.  rubia,  <  nibeits,  var.  of  ruber, 
red,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Red,  and  cp.  infra,  Roggio) ; 
(bot.)  i.  —  de'  tintori,  dyers'  madder,  Rubia  tine- 
toria.  2.  —  delle  sabbie,  sea  crosswort,  CrutiattfUa. 
iiKiritima. 

*  Robbiare  ;  to  dye  with  maddtr. 

*  Robbio  (L  ,  v.   Robbia) ;  i.  red.     As  sb. :  ii.  = 
Marrobbio,  horehound.     iii.    a   measure   for  corn, 
graduated  in  red. 

*  Robbo  m.\  i.  robe.     ii.  =  Rob,  <j.v. 

Robea ;  (vet.)  Gotta  — ,  a  disease  in  the  head, 
in  cattle. 

RobettayC;  i.  dim.  sprtg.  Roba.  2.  inferior 
flour,  seconds. 

Rob-ettinastt^-<iVw.  vezz.,  -iccidla  dim.,  of  -a. 

Robiglia./;  (bot.)—  Orbiglia,  a  species  of  pea. 

Rob-ina./;  dim.  vezz.  of -a. 

Robin£tto,  Rubine'tto  in.  (Fr.  ro- 
binet,  dim.  of  the  proper  name,  for 
which  v.  Skeat,  sub  Robin,  arbitrarily 
applied  to  a  stop-cock) ;  (mar.)  stop- 
cock of  various  kinds,  e.g.  —  d'  alimen- 
tazione,  feed-cock,  —  di  livello,  gauge- 
cock  indicating  the  level  of  the  water  in 
a  boiler. 

Robinia  yC  (named  after  Robin,  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  Paris  botanical  garden,  when  the 
tree  was  introduced,  about  1600);  (bot.)  a  genus  of 
Leguminosae,  of  which  the  tree  commonly  called 
Acacia  is  the  best  known. 

Rdbo  m. ;  (bot.)  Triticum  turgidttm  or  mono- 
COCCUMI,  v.  Grano  (3)  and  (6). 

Rob6ne  m.  (augm.  of  *  Roba) ;  long  flowing 
robe. 

*Roborare;  to  strengthen. 

Rob-uccia  or  -ucolay". ;  dim.  spreg.  of -a. 

Robust-amente,  -ezza,  -o ;  as  E.  (L.  ro- 
bustits). 

Roc-iggine,  -am^nte ;  v.  Roco. 

R6cca  /  (O.H.G.  rocco) ;  distaff,  the 
name  has  also  been  given  to  a  kind  of 
lamp  with  a  high  stand  and  to  a  cham- 
pagne-glass. 

Rdcca  f.  (bit.  roca,  of  uncertain 
origin  ;  Diez  traces  it  to  L.  rupes, 
**rupica,  to  which  Korting  considers 
the  open  o  of  Rocca  a  serious  objection; 
he  inclines  to  a  suggestion  by  Claussen 
that  it  is<Gr.  fwya,  accus.  of  po>|, 
fragment, < f>r/yvvfu,  to  break);  I.  fort. 
2.  tower,  keep  of  a  castle.  3.  chimney- 
pot. 4.  (/o<?/.)  =  Roccia,  rock.  5.  Cris- 
tallo  di  — ,  rock-crystal.  6.  (anat.)  the 
petrous  portion  of  the  temporal  bone. 

Roccafudco  m  •  Greek  fire,  for  bombshells. 

Roccata_/I;  i.  blow  with  a  distaff.  2.  as  much 
wool  as  the  distaff  will  hold  at  one  time. 

Rocctlla/;  i.  (geogr.)  the  city  of  Rochellc,  in 
France.  2.  (£<7r".)=Oricello,  the  litmus  plant. 

Etym.  In  both  senses  the  source  of  the  word 
is  probably  the  same  as  that  of  Ital.  Roccia,  the 
botanical  name  of  the  plant,  RocceUa,  referring  to 
its  growth  upon  rocks. 

Koccett-o  m.  (M.H.G.  rar,  coat); 
(feel.)  rochet,  a  close-fitting  lawn  vest- 
ment proper  to  bishops  and  abbots. 
Aff.  -ino,  ecclesiastic  wearing  a  rochet. 

Rocch611-a  /  ;  i.  the  same  as  Roc- 
chetto  but  larger.  2.  Fare  a  girar  colle 
-e,  i.e.  to  be  very  cunning. 

tRocchello  t*.  ;  i.  =  Rullo,  friction-ioller.  ii. 
(mar.)  —  Colombiere,  mast-head.  iii.  (mar.)  — 
della  barchetta,  log-reel.  *  iv.  =  Rocchetto  (3). 


ROCCHELLONE— ROMANZO 


515 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


Rocchell-6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  of  -a. 
2.  loafer. 

Rocchetta  f. ;  I.  dim.  Rocca. 
2.  ashes  of  saltwort  used  in  making 
glass. 

Rocchettino  m.  •  dim.  Rocchetto. 
*=  Reggiposata,  fork-rest. 

Rocchetto  in.  (A)  (etym.  dub., 
probably  akin  to  Rocca);  i.  weaver's 
bobbin.  2.  reel.  3.  ratchet-wheel.  4.  in 
electrical  machines,  coil. 

(B) ;  =  Roccetto,  rochet. 

*  Rocchigiano  m.\  governor  of  a  fort. 

Rocchinay!;=  I  tre  pali  che  formano  1'  anima 
delta  carbonaia,  dove  buttano  il  foco,  core  of  a  stack 
of  wood  for  charcoal. 

R6cchi-0  in.  (by  contraction  and 
alteration  from  Roccolo,  q .v.) ;  I.  billet 
of  wood  or  other  short  cylindrical- 
shaped  object,  hence  2.  fountain  spirt- 
ing out  of  a  pipe  in  a  thick  column  of 
water,  and  3.  a  full  round  voice  coming 
out  like  such  a  jet  of  water.  4.  in  pi., 
=  Roccoli,  v.  Roccolo.  5.  hair  fastened 
up  in  a  roll.  6.  person  of  heavy 
short  build.  7.  =  Salsiccia,  sausage. 
8.  sausage-like  string  of  dried  figs. 
Aff.  -6ne  augm. 

Roccia/  (var.  of  R6cca) ;  i.  rock. 
2.  any  dirty  incrustation,  e.g.  the  tartar 
on  teeth.  3.  O  che  e  — ?  an  exclama- 
tion used  on  hearing  a  large  sum  of 
money  spoken  of  as  nothing,  is  it  dirt? 

t  Roccio  »/.;  =  Treccia,  Torchio. 

Rocci6so;   i.  rocky.     2.  dirty. 

Rbcco  m.  (A)  (Persian  rokh,  lit. 
camel  with  archers  on  its  back,  then 
the  rook  or  castle  at  chess,  originally  a 
figure  of  an  elephant  with  a  castle  on 
its  back ;  remoter  origin  unknown) ; 
rook,  or  castle,  at  chess.  (B) ;  i.q. 
Rocchio  (5). 

*  i.  bishop's  crosier,     ii.  =  Bastone,  slaff. 

Roccoccb;  v.  Rococo. 

Rbccolo  m.  (L.  rotulus,  dim.  of 
rota,  wheel);  i.  hair  tied  up  into  a  roll. 
2.  =  Ragnaia,  q.v. 

Roctlla/;  (tot.)  dyers'  orchal,  r.  Oricella. 

Roch&za/;  hoarseness. 

•  Rochiare  ;  =  Dare  a  piu  non  posso. 
tRociolo  in. ;  i.   pellet  in  flour,    ii.   easy-going 

person, 

R6co  (L.  raucus,  <  **ravicus,  < 
ravus,  hoarse,  <  imit.  root  re,  cp.  A.S. 
rarian,  >  E.  roar) ;  hoarse. 

Rococd,  Roccoccb  ;  tawdry,  Louis 
XIV  style  of  ornamentation,  a  French 
word  based  upon  the  stem  of  rocaille, 
rockwork,  akin  to  It.  R&cca. 

Rocil  m. ;  (iW.)arnotto  tree,  n.  Orellina. 

R6dano  m. ;  (geogr.)  the  river  Rhone. 

R6d-ere  perf.  rosi,  part,  roio  (L. 
rodere,  to  gnaw,  cp.  radsre,  to  scrape, 
O.H.G.  razi,  sharp,  A.S.  ratt,  >  E. 
rat,  as  gnawing  animal);  i.  to  gnaw. 
2.  -ersi,  to  chafe  with  rage. 

Aff.  -imento,  -\ofreg.  tb.,  -itore. 
Radio ;  (A)  of  Rhodes.    (B)  (Gr.  jMav,  from 
the  rose-colour  of  the  oxide);   rhodium,  the  metal. 
Rododendro  m.  (Or.);  as  E. 


Rodom6nt-e  /«.;  i.  one  of  the  characters  in 
Ariosto's  Orlando  Furioso;  hence  2.  swaggerer. 
AjQF.  -ata,  -esco. 

Rodone  m. ;  i.  —  a  denti,  purchase-rim  of  a 
windlass.  2.  —  del  viradore,  turning-wheel.  K. 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  71,  P.  2,  and  plate  78.  12. 

Rodrigo;  Don  — ,  a  tyrannical  character  in  the 
Promessi  Sposi. 

*  Roffia/.  (O.H.G.  *»-*/,  dirty  incrustation)  ;  fog. 
Rogantin-o    m.   (prob.    for    Arrogantino) ;    a 

Roman  "mask,"  T.    Maschera,  with   crooked    legs 
who  tries  to  bully  without  the  power  for  it.    Aff.  -ata. 

Rog-are  (A)  (L.) ;  (leg.)  i.  to  draw  up 
a  deed.  2.  on  the  part  of  a  notary,  to 
attest  its  execution,  -arsi,  to  be  no- 
tarially  attested.  3.  -arsi  di,  to  obtain 
attestation  of. 

gy  Rogare  in  Latin  means  "  to  ask,"  probably 
from  the  root  reg,  to  stretch,  so  that  the  original 
sense  is  that  of  stretching  out  for.  As  a  law  term 
it  meant  to  propose  a  law  for  approval  and  adoption, 
or  a  candidate  for  approval  and  election  to  office  ; 
the  presiding  magistrate  invited  (rogabat)  the  cell- 
turiae  to  give  their  vote.  The  use  of  the  word  in 
Italian  may  be  attributed  to  this  use  of  it  in  Latin, 
since  the  drawing  up  of  a  deed  may  be  regarded  as 
formulating  it  for  submission  to  and,  if  approved, 
execution  by,  the  party  interested.  Similarly  the 
notarial  attestation  of  a  deed  may  be  regarded  as 
its  submission  to  the  notary  for  his  approval  as  a 
witness. 

t(B)  (either  short  for  Arrogare  or  a  corruption  of 
Rugare)  i.  of  dogs,  to  snarl,  ii.  =  Brontolare,  Gri- 
dare;  Non  mi  — ,  don't  roar  at  me. 

*  Rogaria  _/T ;  =  Roveto,  briar-bush. 

t  Rogata  f.\  line  of  trees,  row  of  vines. 

Rog-at6re  in. :  v.  -are. 

Rogat6ri-o;  (kg.)  (Commission!)  -e,  sent  by  a 
judge  to  a  fellow-judge  to  obtain  documents  within 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  latter. 

Rogazi6niyl  //. ;  i.  anciently,  the  prayers  of 
the  F'ratres  Arvales  for  favourable  seasons.  2.  (fcfl.) 
three  days'  prayers  and  processions  for  favourable 
seasons  held  just  before  Ascension  day. 

R6ggia/^ ;  channel  for  irrigation,  or  for  bringing 
water  to  drive  a  mill. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  arroyo,  brook,  <  bit.  ar- 
rogittm,  drift  in  a  mine,  of  doubtful  origin,  v.  Walde, 
sub  Arrugitit  Korting,  sub  Arrogiitnt. 

R6ggio  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  rouge,  Span. 
rojo,  <  L.  rubeus,  v.  Robbia) ;  i.  russet. 
2.  as  st.,  russet  colour. 

(B)  (var.  of  Roggia,  q.v.);  pit  for 
storage. 

Roggidlo  m.  (Germ.  Roggen,  rye) ; 
black  bread. 

Roggioldna/;  a  variety  of  chestnut. 

Rbgito  m.;  (leg.)  i.  notarial  attesta- 
tion, v.  Rogare  (A).  2.  status  of  a 
notary.  3.  notarial  document.  4.  no- 
tarial fees. 

R6gn-ayi  (cogn.  Fr.  rogne,  Provenc. 
ronha,  Span,  rona,  of  unknown  origin); 

1.  (med.)  itch,  the  disease,    z.fig.  Grattar 
la  —  a  uno,  i.e.  to  thrash  him.    3.  Lascia 
pur  grattar  dov"  e  la  — ,  let  everyone 
scratch  who  has  the  itch,  D.  Par.   17. 
129.    4.  fig.  unpleasantness.    5.  pustular 
eruption  on  olive-trees. 

Aff.  -accia  jV^f.,  -arella  -elta  dims. 

Rogn6ne  m. ;  var.  of  Arnione, 
kidney. 

Rogn-6so ;  v.  -a. 

R6go  m.  (L.,  akin  to  regere,  root 
reg,  to  stretch,  and  to  Gothic  rikan,  to 
heap  up,  so  that  the  fundamental  idea 
is  that  of  stretching  out  the  hand  for 
the  purpose  of  heaping  up,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Rake);  i.  funeral  pyre.  2.  pyre, 
as  a  mode  of  execution.  *=Rogito. 

R6go  m. ;  (hot.)  i.  =  Rovo,  bramble. 

2.  —  cervtone,  v.  Smilace. 


*  Rogumare  ;  v.  Ruminare. 

*  Roletta  f.  ;=  Rosina,  roulette. 

Roll-are;  (mar.)  to  roll.  Aff.  -ata 
lurch,  -fo  freq.  sb. 

*  Rollo  (Rolo)  m. ;  =  Ruolo. 

Romagndlo  ;  of  Komagna,  a  former 
province  of  N.  Italy  corresponding 
roughly  to  the  E.  portion  of  the  modern 
Emilia.  *as  sb.,  undyed  woollen  stuff. 

Romaica./;  a  modern  Greek  dance. 

Romaico//.  Romaici ;  Romaic,  popular  Greek, 
modern  Greek  ;  the  term  was  applied  to  the  Greeks 
when  the  Roman  empire  was  transferred  to  Con- 
stantinople. 

Romai61-o,  Ramai61-o  m.  (It.  rame, 
copper) ;  ladle.  -  per  il  brodo,  or  da 
brodo,  soup-ladle.  Aff.  -ata,  contents 
of  or  blow  with  a  ladle,  -fno  dim. 

Koman-araente  ;  i.  v.  -o.  2.  in 
good  Latin.  AJf.  -astro ;  spreg. 

Romancio  ;  Romansch,  T.  Grigione. 

Romanella  / ;  a  love-ditty  similar 
to  the  Tuscan  Rispetto  (q.v.,  4),  but 
consisting  of  four  hendecasyllabics. 

Romane'sc-o ;  modern  Roman.  Com- 
pare alia  -a,  godfather  who  is  really  the 
father. 

Romanieo  i.  =  Romanzo.  2.  (arch.)  Stile — , 
Romanesque,  the  style  of  round-arched  and  vaulted 
architecture  which  succeeded  Roman  architecture 
about  the  time  of  Constantine,  but  was  gradually 
superseded  by  Gothic  in  the  twelfth  century. 

Roman-ino ;  i.  dim.  -<>.  2.  as  sb.,  a  coin 
minted  by  the  Popes  at  Avignon. 

Rpmanismo  m. ;  a  bit  of  Roman  dialect  used 
as  Italian. 

Romanista  in.;  professor  of  Roman  law. 

Romanita  f.  ;  classicality,  resemblance  to 
classical  Latin  or  to  ancient  Roman  manners. 

Romdn-o ;  (A)  i.  as  E.  2.  Carat- 
tere  — ,  (a)  round  hand  in  writing, 
(b)  Primer  type,  v.  Carattere  (3). 

3.  Scala  alia  -a,  easy  flight  of  stairs. 

4.  Alia  -a,  (dinner-party)  where  every- 
one pays  his  share,  also  termed  A  bocca 
e   borsa,   i>.   Bocca   (8).      5.    Dare,   or 
Tirare  di  -a   or  alia  -a,  to  hit  a  ball 
back-handed. 

(B)  as  sb.  (Arabic  rommana^  weight, 
also  weighing-machine,  <  rimmon^  po- 
megranate, the  counterpoise  of  the 
Arabic  steelyards,  having  had  this 
shape);  weight  of  a  steelyard. 

Romanblogo,  //.  Romanologi  ; 
student  of  the  Romance  languages. 

Romantic-am6nte  (for  etym,  v.  Komanza) 
adv.  -heria_/?;  si>reg.  romantic  nonsense.  -hiAre 
nt.\  writer  of  -hene.  -ismo  m.\  as  E.  -o;  as  E. 
-ume  m.~,  spreg.  lot  of  romantic  nonsense. 

g-S"  Romanticism  is  "the  revolt  from  the  severity, 
pedanttcism,  and  couimonplaceness  of  a  classical  or 
pseudoclassical  to  a  more  picturesque,  original,  free 
and  imaginative  style  in  literature  and  art,  marking 
the  close  of  the  eighteenth  century ''  (Chambers' 
Engl.  Diet.). 

Romania  f.\  short  romance  in  verse  or  music. 

Etym.  Borrowed  from  old  Fr.  roraans,  <  late 
L.  rotnanice  in  the  phrase  rotnanice  lm/ui,  to  speak 
in  popular  language,  not  in  Latin.  From  this  jphrase 
romans  was  adopted  as  a  substantive  in  old  French 
and  thence  in  Provencal,  and  passed  into  Italian  as 
Komanza. 

Romanz-accio  »(.;  pegg.  of  -o.  -eggiare  ; 
to  be  or  make  romantic,  -ero  m. ;  collection  of 
romances,  -escamente  adv.,  -esco  adj.>  -ettay". 
</i'«/.,  of  -a.  -etto  nt.\  dim,  vezz.  or  spreg,  of  -o. 
-iera  f.>  -iere  m. ;  novelist,  -ina  f. ;  pop.  for 
Ramanzina,  scolding. 

Romanz-o  (for  etym.  v.  Romanza);  i.  Ro- 
mance or  Neo-latin  (languages).  2.  as  sb.t  romance. 
Ajf.  -one  augtti.)  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

65 2 


ROMBA— RONDELLO 


Rdmba  /  (var.  of  Rombo);  hum. 
*  =  Frombola,  sling. 

Romb-am6ntO  m. ;  (mar.)  scuttling, 
v.  -are  (3). 

Rombare  ind.  rombo;  i.  to  hum. 
2.  to  cover  up  the  hole  of  a  trap-door 
with  boards.  3.  (mar.)  to  scuttle,  to 
cut  large  holes  in  the  hull  or  deck  of  a 
ship. 

Rombazzo  m. ;  =  Fracasso,  uproar. 

Romb6tto  in. ;  small  turbot  or  brill,  v.  Rombo 

*  Rombice  f.;  T.  Romice. 
Rombicello  in.;  dowel. 
R6mbico ;  (gram.)  rhomb-shaped. 

R6mbo  m.  (L.  rhombus,  =  Gr.  fiofifios, 
anything  that  may  be  spun  or  twirled 
round,  also  a  rhomb,  from  a  certain 
likeness  in  shape  between  an  elongated 
rhombandawhirlingspindle);  I. rhomb, 
figure  of  four  equal  sides  but  not  square 
at  the  angles.  2.  booming  sound,  deep 
hum,  ///.  the  hum  of  a  revolving  wheel. 
3.  (mar.)  —  di  vento,  one  of  the  thirty- 
two  points  of  the  compass,  said  to  be 
so  called  because  any  two  opposite 
points  make  a  rhomb  on  the  compass 
card;  hence,  4.  course  steered;  Dare 
il  — ,  or  la  corsa,  to  shape  the  course  ; 
see  however  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Rumb. 
5.  (a)  —  chiodato,  turbot,  Pleuronectes 
maximus,  locally  termed  Rombo,  Rom- 
bo veasco,  Rommo  petruso,  Tappa  (or 
Linguata)  imperial!,  (b)  —  di  grotta, 
top-knot,  Pleuronectes  punctatus,  locally 
termed  Rombetto  de  grotta,  Sanchetto, 
Rombou.  (c)  --  liscio,  brill,  Pleuro- 
nectes laevis,  locally  termed  Soaso, 
Soazo,  Rombon,  Rumbu  (or  Linguata) 
mascula ;  these  fish  are  of  course  termed 
Rombi  from  their  shape. 

Romboedro  m.  (Gr.  efipa,  seat) ;  rhombohedron, 
solid  bounded  by  six  rhombs. 

Romb6id-e  ;«. ;  (geom.)  rhomboid.     Aff.  -ale. 

*  Rombola  f. ;  =  Frombola,  sling. 

t  Rombolo    m.  ;  =  Giravolta   colla    persona    per 
scansar  qualche  intoppo,  cp.  infra,  tRoncolo. 
t  Rombon,  Rombou  m. ;  v.  Rombo  (5). 
*Rome-aggio  m. ;  pilgrimage  to  Rome. 

Rome-o  in.,  -a  f.;  pilgrim  to  Rome. 
tRomicciare;  to  rustle. 

R6mice,  Rdmbice  /  (L.  rumex, 
<  a  primitive  Indogerm.  **rumos,  for 
**srumos,  root  sur,  sour,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sorrel,  Sour);  (Hot.)  i.  --  d'  acqua, 
water-dock,  Rumex  aquaticus.  2.  - 
comune,  common  dock,  Rumex  obtusi- 
folius.  3.  -  crespa,  curled  dock, 
Rumex  crispus.  4.  —  massima,  Rumex 
maximus.  5.  —  degli  orti,  garden  dock, 
v.  Erba  (93). 

*  Romire  (O.H.G.  hromijan,  ?'.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sitb  Rummer) ;  to  make  a  great  noise. 

Romlt-a  /,  -accio  pegg.,  -aggio  ;«., 
i.  hermitage.  2.  life  of  a  hermit, 
-ame'nte  adv. ;  v.  -o. 

Romitano ;  Augustinian  (monk).  *  lonely, 
solitary. 

*  Romitare;  —  Render  forestiero. 
Romit-ello,  -ino;  dim.  of-o. 

Romit-o ;  pop.  for  Eremita,  lonely, 
or  as  sb.  hermit. 

Aff.  -one  augm.,  -urio  hermitage. 

*  Romola^;=Crusca. 
Romdre  m.  \  v.  Rumore.     *  pride. 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

ckizare,  Proven^,  and  Span,  roncar,  <  L.  rhoncus, 
=  GT.  poy  yot,  <  ftf***  to  snore) ;  to  snore. 
Roncaso    ;«. ;    (prniih.')    ptarmigan. 


Romor-eggiare  ind.  -e"ggio ;  to  roar, 
as  the  sea. 

Rompenti  m.  pi. ;  (mar.)  reefs  just 
under  water. 

R6mp-ere  perf.  ruppi  or  pop.  rompe"!, 
-dsti  ruppe  or  pop.  rompe,  -e"mmo  -este 
ruppero  or  pop.  rompe"rono,  part,  rotto 
(L.  rumpere,  root  reup,  to  break,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Rupture)  ;  i.  to  break. 

2.  of  a  river  in  flood,  to  burst  its  dam. 

3.  —  gli  stivali,  le  scatole,  la  testa,  la 
tasca,  or  le  tasche  ad  uno,  to  bore  him  ; 
Che  rompi!    what  a  bore!    Me  gli  ha 
rotti,  he  bored  me  to  death.     4.   Questo 
caldo  mi  rompe  proprio  1'  anima,   this 
heat   is   altogether  too   much   for   me. 
5.  —  la  guerra,  to  go  to  war.     6.   Rom- 
perla  con  uno,  or  -ersi,  to  break  with 
him,   cease   to  be   friends.       7.    -  -  la 
quadriglia,   to    lead    oft"   the   quadrille. 
8.    to    be    shipwrecked.      9.     -ersi    la 
schiena,    to    work   very    hard  ;    Rotto, 
done  up,  tired  out.     10.   Rotto  a,  given 
up  to  (some  habit).     1 1.   Oro  rotto,  _/?<;. 
merchandise  sure   of  a   ready  sale,  of 
a  high  intrinsic  value.    12.  Prezzo  rotto, 
low  price.     13.  Riga  rotta,  line  of  print 
not  full.      14.     Numeri  rotti,  fractions, 
v.    Rotto    in    loco.      15.     Sigari    rotti, 
stumps    of   cigars.     1 6.    Tempo   rotto, 
broken  weather.   17.  Piovere  a  ciel  rotto, 
or  dirottamente,  to  rain  very  heavily. 

*  i.  to  fix  (a  price) ;  Non  bisogna  mai  aspettare 
che  1'  abbassi  del  primo  pregio  che  si  rompe,  there  is 
no  use  looking  for  any  abatement  from  the  price  we 
fix.  ii.  —  la  via,  to  make  one's  way  through,  e.g. 
through  a  crowd,  iii.  —  il  beveraggio,  to  make  it 
turbid,  iv.  —  il  tempo,  =  Togliere  il  tempo.  v._  — 
1'  uovo  in  bocca,  =  1'  ova  nel  p^aniere,  i.e.  _to  spoil  a 
person's  schemes,  vi.  A  cui  fu  rotto  il  petto  e 
1'  ombra,  i.e.  whose  breast  and  shadow  was  so  pierced 
that  the  sun  shone  through,  D.  Inf.  32.  61.  vii.  —  in 
terra,  =  Investire.  viii.  =  Confutare.  ix.  =  Corrom- 
pere.  x.  Rotto,  (a)  =  Collerico,  hasty,  (*)  =  Allen  tato. 

Rompicapo  m. ;  bore,?.'.  Rompere  (3). 

Rompicbllo  m.  ;  i.  precipice.  2. 
scoundrel.  3.  fig.  perilous  affair. 

Rompicordtfni  m. ;  cursed  bore,  v. 
Rompere  (3). 

Rompighiaccio  m.  ;  (mar.)  ice- 
breaker. 

Rompim6nto  m. ;  bore,  v.  Rompere 

(3)- 

tRompimtisi  m.  ;  independent  sort 
of  person. 

Rompindci  m.  indecl.;  nutcrackers. 

Rompi6nde  m.  indecl. ;  Frangionde, 
breakwater. 

Rompi-scatole,  -stivali,  ecc. ;  bore, 
v.  Rompere  (3). 

Rompitesta  m.  indecl. ;  riddle,  puzzle. 

Rompit6re  in. ;  breaker. 
*  Rompizzolle  ni.  ;  =  Contadino,  Villano. 

Rompone  »/. ;  =  Rompitutto,smasher. 

R6nca  /.  (It.  roncare);  i.  =  Ron- 
cola,  bill-hook.  2.  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind 
of  pike  with  a  hooked  blade. 

Roncare  ind.  ron-co  -chi  (A)  (L. 
runcare,  v.  Ronco,  etym.) ;  i.  to  cut,  to 
lop.  2.  to  weed. 

t(B)  (cogn.  It.  roncheggiare,  Venetian  dial,  ran- 


Lag 


ctljtinus,  also  termed  Francolino  di  monte,  Honasia, 
Lagopodo,  Pernice  bianca,  Pernice  di  montagna  or 
di  monte. 

Roncatura  /. ;  weeding,  hoeing  up 
weeds. 

*  Roncheggiare  ;=  Roncare  (B). 
•Ronchettini  m.  fl.  ;  =  Tronchetti,  boots. 

Ronche'tt-o  m.  (-a/.)  ;  =  Roncolo. 

*  Ronchio  in. ;  v.  Ronchioso,  etym. 

Ronchi6ne  m.  ;  nasalised  augm.  of 
Rocchio,  big  rock. 

Roncbidso  (Ronchiuto);  i.  stony. 
2.  gnarled. 

Etym.  It.  ronchio,  meaning  (i)  Sterpp  spinoso, 
thorny  twig,  (ii)  Acuta  sporgenza,  sharp-pointed  pro- 
jection, (iii)  Bernoccolo,  Bitorzolo,  lump,  knot ;  cogn. 
Provenc.  ronser,  bramble,  Fr.  ronce,  bramble,  <  bit. 
roncns  or  rotichws,  briar  or  land  covered  with  briars 
(>>-uncalis,  knotty,  r-unca,  thicket  of  brambles), 
which  appears  to  be  from  the  same  root  as  L.  rutico, 
hoe,  T.  Ronco,  and  Gr.  poyxos>  snout,  so  that  its 
///.  meaning  would  be  "hooked  thing"  (Pianigiani). 
Hatzleld  and  Darmstetter,  however,  follow  Diez  in 
deriving  Provenc.  ronser  and  Fr.  ronce  not  from  bit. 
roncns  but  from  L.  rumex,  v.  Romice. 

*  Roncigliare ;  to  seize  with  a  hook. 

*  Ronciglio  (Runciglio)  m.  (bit.  rttncilium,  var. 
of  rnntuulvni,  <  L.  runcare,  to  weed   up,  cf.   L. 
runcinula,  dim.  of  runcina,  a  plane,  which  is  akin 
to  rnnco,  hoe,  v.  Ronco) ;  iron  hook. 

*  Roncinato  ;  hooked,  in  shape. 

*  Roncio  ft. ;   (/list.)  one  of  the  officers  of  the 
Florentine  wool  guild  who  inspected  the  warehouses 
to  see  there  was  nu  foreign  cloth  there. 

^  Roncione  /«.;=  Ronzone,  horse. 

Roncisvalle;  (gfogr.)  Roncevaux,  a  valley  on 
the  Spanish  side  of  the  Pyrenees  forming  one  of  the 
passes  into  France,  the  scene  of  the  destruction  of 
Charlemagne's  rearguard  under  Roland  by  the 
Saracens. 

R6nco  m. ;  blind  alley.  *=  Ron- 
cone,  pike. 

Etym.  L.  runco,  hoe,  from  some  fancied  re- 
semblance between  the  shape  of  a  blind  alley  and  a 
hoe.  Runc0  is  akin  to  Gr.  opiio-o-w  or  opvxw,  to 
dig,  pvitavT),  plane  (whence  L.  ntnctna,  plane,  was 
borrowed),  Sanskr.  luncanam,  to  tear  out,  O.H.G. 
and  A.S.  ruh.  (>E.  rough),  Irish  ruclit,  pig  (as 
grubbing  animal). 

Rdncola  f.  (dim.  of  Ronca) ;  bill- 
hook, the  same  as  Pennato  but  without 
the  cutting  edge  at  the  back. 

Roncol-accio  m.;  pegg.  of  -o. 
t  =  Versaccio,  Mossaccia,  gibe,  -ata 
/  ;  blow  with  a  -a.  -are ;  to  prune  with 
a  -a  or  -o.  -6tto  dim.,  -ettino  sub- 
dim.,  -Ino  dim.  vezz.,  of  -o. 

R6ncolo  m.  (var.  of  Roncola) ; 
garden-knife  with  a  curved  blade  like  a 
bill-hook. 

t  Slipping  out  of  the  way.  Quando  vide  il  padrone 
fece  un  —  in  una  siepe,  when  he  saw  his  master,  he 
slipped  out  of  sight  into  a  hedge. 

Ronc-olone  m. ;  augm.  -olo.  -one  m. ; 
augm.  Ronca  (2). 

Ronda/  (Fr.  ronde,  <  L.  rotundus, 
v.  Ruota) ;  round  of  a  patrol.  Far 
la  — ,  or  Andar  di  — ,  (a)  to  go  the 
rounds,  (6)  to  go  roving  about. 

*  Rondacci-a _/.,  -o  m.;  round  shield. 

*  Rondare  ;  to  go  the  rounds,  v.  Ronda. 

Ronde  m.  (v.  Ronda) ;  i.  round 
handwriting.  2.  in  dancing,  =  Giro  in 
tondo. 

Rondella  f.;  —  fusible,  safety  plug, 
fusible  plug. 

Rondello  m.  (old  Fr.  rondel)  ; 
roundel,  a  kind  of  ballad,  a  poem 


RONDICCHIO— ROSICRUCIANO 


containing  a  line  which  keeps  coming 
round. 

Rondicchio  m. ;  =  Balcstruccio,  house-martin. 
*  Rondinare  ;  i.g.  Rondare. 

Rondine  /.  (L.  hirundo,  <  imit.  base 
hir,  to  twitter,  cp,  hirrio,  to  snarl,  hin- 
nio,  to  whinny;  the  Gr.  for  swallow,  xfAi- 
8o>i/,  is  also  from  an  imit.  base,  viz.  gel, 
11.  Gallo);  (ornith.)  i.  common  swallow, 
Hirundo  rustica,  also  termed  —  comune, 
domestica,  0r  maggiore  Forcinella.  2.  — 
cittadina,  =  Balestruccio,  house-martin. 
3.  —  forestiera,  roseate  tern,  Hirundo 
rufula,  also  termed  —  scherzosa,  ros- 
siccia,  or  di  Siberia.  4.  --  di  mare, 
common  tern,  Sterna  kiruttdo,  locally 
known  as  Sgagozza,  Giaga,  Rondinone, 
Rondone  de  mar,  Ala  longa.  5.  —  di 
mare  artica,  or  coda  lunga,  arctic 
tern,  Sterna  arctica.  6.  —  di  mare 
fuliginosa,  =  Beccapesci  oscuro,  sooty 
tern.  7.  —  di  mare  maggiore,=  Becca- 
pesci maggiore,  Caspian  tern.  8.  —  di 
mare  minore,  =  Fraticello,  lesser  tern. 
9.  —  di  mare  piombata,  =  Mignattino 
bigio,  grey  tern.  10.  —  di  mare  zampe 
nere,  =  Beccapesci  inglese,  gull-billed 
tern.  u.  •  -  montana,  crag-martin, 
Cotile  rupeslris.  12.  —  delle  rive,  or 
riparia,  =  Topino,  sand-martin.  13.  - 
rossiccia,  or  di  Siberia,  v.  supra  (3). 
14.  (ichth.)  Pesce  — ,  flying  gurnard, 
Dactylopterus  volitans,  locally  termed 
Rondine,  Pesce  barbastrillo,  Gallina, 
Pisci  falcuni. 

Rondinilla  /  ;  I.  (ornith.)  =  Bale- 
struccio, house-martin.  2.  —  oscura,  — 
chiara,  species  of  flying-fish,  -Exocoetns. 

Rondin-etta.  -ina/;  dims,  of-e. 
Rondinino  m.\  i.  dint.  Rondine.     2.  name  of 
a  species  of  flying-fish,  or  3,  of  a  variety  of  fig. 

Rondin6tto  in.  ;  young  unfledged 
swallow. 

Rondb  m.  (Fr.  rondeau);  \.  rondeau, 
a  form  of  poem  characterised  by  closely 
knit  rhymes  and  a  refrain.  2.  (mus.) 
rondo,  a  composition  of  several  strains, 
during  which  the  first  part  or  subject  is 
repeated  several  times.  3.  (arch.)  any 
round  portion  of  a  piazza,  portico  or  the 
like. 

Rondone  m.  (A)  (for  Rondinone, 
augnt.  of  Rondine);  (ornith.)  i.  swift, 
Cypselus  apus,  also  termed  Rondine 
maggiore.  2.  —  alpino,  Alpine  swift, 
Cypselus  Alpinus,  also  termed  —  bianco, 
or  man  no.  3.  —  di  mare,  =  Pernice  di 
mare,  pratincole. 

(B) ;  Andare  di  — ,  to  go  splendidly, 
a  form  of  phrase  referred  by  Pianigiani 
to  Randa,  Andare  di  — ,  meaning  as 
it  were  to  go  brimmingly,  v.  Randa 
etym. 

*  Ronfa  f.  (proliably  a  corruption  of  Trionfo) ; 
i.    at  the  game  of  piquet,  "point"  or  "sequence"; 
La  —  del  Vallera,  equality  of  Ronfa ;   Accusare  la 
—  giusta,  to  call  the  full  Ronfa  which  cine  has,  hence 
Jig.  to  tell  the  whole  truth,     ii.    Florio  gives  Ronfa 
as  being  the  game  of"  Ruffe." 

*  Ronf-are,  -tare  (fogn.  Fr.  ronjler,  either  imit. 
or  based  upon  L.  rc-in-flare,  cp.  Stronfiare) ;  to  snore. 

*  Ronne  ;  v.  Conne. 

Ronz-are  ind.  ronzo  (O.H.G.  rtinzen, 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

Rosalia   f. ;    (»mx.)  =  Immecliata    ripetizione 
d'  una  stessa  frase  di  canto,  ascendente  colla  modu- 


a  strengthened  form  of  runen,  to 
whisper,  akin  to  Gr.  epfvvaa,  to  search 
out,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rune);  to  buzz,  to 
hum.  AJf.  -amento,  -at6re. 

Bonzino  m. ;  horse  of  a  sorry  kind, 
nag. 

Etym.  (from  KOrting)  "To  the  Germanic  stem 
ross-  (**  hrossa-)  there  seems  to  belong  the  following 
group  of  words,  though,  it  must  be  allowed,  with  a 
very  curious  phonetic  development,  viz.  It.  rozza, 
mare,  ronzino,  nag  (mlt.  runcinus),  Provenc..  rossa 
(>  rossi-s,  roc-is,  nag)  and  ronci-s  (mlt.  runcinus), 
probably  the  name  of  Ronce-val,  Fr.  rosse,  roussin, 
stallion  cob,  old  Fr.  roncin,  Picard  ronckin,  Span. 
rocin  (>  rocinante),  Portug.  rossint,  see  Diez,  sub 
Rozza.  Diez  remarks  at  the  end  of  this  article 
'Both  words—  i.e.  Runcinus  and  Rozza — require  a 
more  searching  investigation,'  an  observation  which 
still  holds  good,  but  the  means  are  unfortunately  not 
forthcoming.  Mackel  writes  '  It  is  difficult  to  con- 
nect Fr.  rosse,  etc.  with  Germanic  ross-.'  The 
solution  may  perhaps  be  as  follows :  (i)  Rozza, 
rossa,  rosse,  together  with  the  diminutives  which 
have  no  it.  are  <  Germanic  ross-,  the  Ital.  zz  and 
the  Provenc.  and  Fr.  ss  being  due  to  the  influence 
of  rozzo  and  rvssus  (>  Fr.  ronx,  rousse)  respectively ; 
it  is  to  be  observed  that  horses  of  a  marked  red 
colour  are  often  crossgrained  creatures.  _(?)  Mlt. 
runcinns  and  the  group  of  words  belonging  to  it 
are<a  stem  ntnc^  (>  L.  runco,  hoe,  cp.  Ital.  ronca, 
bill-hook,  pike  with  a  curved  blade),  so  that  the 
literal  sense  of  runcinus  would  be  poor  thin  horse 
with  ribs  sucking  out  tike  hooks  or  pikes." 

Ronzio  m. ;  buzzing. 

Ronz6ne  m.  (A)  (It.  ronzare);  blue- 
bottle, big  fly. 

*(B)  (augm.  corresponding  to  Ronzino,  q.v.); 
\.  big  horse,  ii.  stallion. 

*  Ropa  f. ;  =  Batuffolo. 

*Rorare(L.,  v.  Rugiada);  to  bedew. 

Rorastro  in.;  (,bot.)  =  Vite  bianca,  white-berried 
bryony. 

Rbrido  (L.);  =  Rugiadoso,  dewy. 

R6sa/  (It.  roso,  part,  of  Rodere); 
=  Prurito,  itching,  i.e.  inclination,  — ne' 
denti,  desire  to  bite  or  eat.  *water-worn 
place. 

Rdsa/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rose);  i.  (<W.)rose; 
Prffv.  Se  son  rose  fioriranno,  i.e.  time  will  show 
the  truth.  Varieties:  (a)  — austriaca  gialla,  Austrian 
briar ;  (b)  —  bianca  e  rossa,  or  —  screziata,  York 
and  Lancaster  rose  ;  (c)  —  borracina,  —  muscosa,  or 
t- —  della  tepa,  moss  rose;  (d)  —  canina  or  —  di 
macchia,  dog  rose,  also  termed  Ballerini ;  (e)  — 
centifoglia,  cabbage  rose ;  (f)  —  pomponia,  — 
della  Gran  Duchessa,  —  della  China,  or  —  minima 
centifoglia,  Pomponne  rose;  (g)  —  cinese  comune, 
China  rose;  (h)  —  cinese  nana,  dwarf  China  rose; 
(i)  —  cinese  rossa  scura,  dark  red  China  rose  ;  (J)  — 
di  Damasco,  damask  rose;  (k)  —  gialla  doppia, 
double  yellow  rose;  (/)  —  salvatica  dalle  foglie 
odorose,  sweet  briar ;  (m)  —  salvatica  bianca,  white 
dog-rose  ;  («)  —  te,  tea  rose.  2.  —  di  ceppo,  or  di 
Natale,  Christmas  rose  or  black  hellebore,  f.  Erha 
(86).  3.  (a)  —  di  Gueldre,  guelder  rose,  z'.  Sambuco 
(2);  (b)  —  doppia  di  Gueldre,  double  guelder  rose, 
Viburnum  ofulus  reseurn,  also  termed  Maggio, 
Pallone  di  neve.  4.  —  di  Gerico,  rose  of  Jericho, 
Anastatica  hierochitntica.  5.  —  maggese,  French 
rose,  Rosagallica,  also  termed  —  d*  orto,  —  officinale. 
6.  as  a  colour,  pink.  In  this  sense  it  is  indeclinable 
and  either  m.  or  f.  I  turchini,  i  rosa,  blues  and 
pinks ;  Le  verdi,  le  rosa,  le  gialle,  green.s,  pinks 
and  yellows.  It  is  also  used  as  an  adj.  indecl. 
Un  nastro  rosa,  a  pink  ribbon.  7.  —  d'  oro,  the 
golden  rose  blessed  by  the  Pope  on  the  fourth  Sunday 
in  Lent,  to  be  despatched  to  some  Catholic  prince. 
8.  rose  diamond.  9.  (mar.)  —  dci  vend,  card  marked 
with  the  points  of  the  compass,  and  carrying  a 
magnetic  needle,  mariner's  compass.  10.  (arch.)  rose 
window.  ii.  (mus.  instruments. )=  Rosetta  (3). 
is.  Leg  no  di — ,  rosewood,?'.  Palissandro.  13.  (mil.) 
list  of  names  sent  up  for  selection  for  promotion. 
14.  -e  e  viole,  a  kind  of  country  dance.  15.  (med.) 
erysipelatous  eruption.  16.  of  a  shot-gun,  Far  la  — , 
to  scatter  the  charge.  17.  Pasqna  di  — ,  Whitsuntide. 
18.  —  marina,  a  species  of  polyp,  Milifpora  cettulosn. 

Rosace -o ;  rose-coloured.  As  s6.t  -e,  (bot.) 
Rosaceae. 

t  Rosada  f. ;  —  Rugiada,  dew. 

Ro6ai-o  M.;  rose-tree.  *i.  =  Roseto.  ii.  rosary. 
Aff.  -etto  dint,,  -/>ne  awgrn. 


lazione  d'  un  grado. 

Rosanilina  .A;  magenta. 

Rosarino  /«.;  dim.  Rosario,  rosary  of  small 
beads. 

RoStlrio  in.\  (eccl.)  rosary,  the  string 
of  beads  by  which  Roman  Catholics 
count  their  prayers  to  the  Madonna,  or 
the  prayers  so  recited,  v.  Posta  (9). 
This  pious  practice  was  first  instituted 
by  S.  Dominic  and  consists  in  reciting 
fifteen  sets  of  Avemarias,  ten  in  each 
set  with  one  Paternoster  at  the 
beginning  of  the  set  and  one  Gloria  at 
the  end  of  it,  in  honour  of  the  mystery 
of  the  Incarnation.  The  term  arose 
because  the  large  beads  of  the 
chaplet  used  in  counting  were  called 
roses  as  representing  the  flowers  of  a 
mystical  wreath  in  honour  of  the  Virgin. 
La  Madonna  del  —  ,  a  Church  festival 
held  Oct.  i  commemorating  the  defeat 
of  the  Turks  at  the  battle  of  Lepanto, 
1571. 

*  Rosat  a  f.  ;  =  Rugiada,  dew. 

Rosato;  i.  like  a  rose.  2.  made  from  roses. 
3.  Pasqua  -a,  pop,  for  Pasqua  di  rosa,  7>.  Rosa  (17). 

Rosbitfe  tn.\  the  Fr.  rosbif,  or  E.  roast  beef, 
Italianised. 

Roscano  m.  ;  (bot.)  i.  v.  Raspani.  2.  salt- 
wort, v.  Erba  (64). 

Roscendd  «/.  ;  a  certain  kind  of  cloth. 

*  Roscido  (L.)  ;  dewy. 

Roscibla  /.;  (&>/.)  =  Gettaione,  corn-cockle. 


Roseola  f,\  (hot.)  whorled  water  milfoil,  My- 
riophyllittn  verticillatum,  also  termed  Millefoglio 
de'  laghi. 

*  Rosecchiare  ;  v.  Rosicchiare. 
RoseinayT;  an  aniline  red  dye. 

*  Rosellay^;  —  Corbezzola,  arbutus  fruit. 

*  Roselliay^;=Rosolia,  measles. 
Rosellin-a  f.  ;    (bot.)   i.    damask   rose,   Rosa 

damascene*.  2.  *e  di  macchia,  blue  globe  Rower, 
Globularia  intlgaris,  also  termed  Morine,  Vedovelte 
turchine.  3.  —  de'  giardini,  garden  ranunculus,  v. 
Ranuncolo  (3). 

R6seo  ;    i.    rosy.      a.    Legno   —   del    Brasile, 
Brazilian     pink  -  wood,     Physocalymna    floridnnt> 
known  to  English  cabinet-makers  as  tulip-wood. 
t  Rose"  t  a  ;  v.  Raseta. 
Roseto  tn.\  rose-garden. 

Rosett-a  /  ;  i.  rosette.  2.  =  Stella, 
star  on  a  horse's  forehead.  3.  (mus. 
inslrumcntm.)  rosette,  or  sound-hole,  in 
the  body  of  a  guitar  or  mandoline. 
4.  (vet.)  farrier's  paring-iron.  5.  in 
machinery,  rivet-plate,  washer,  collar, 
ring.  6.  (hot.)  a  species  of  everlasting, 
v.  Perpetuino  (d).  7.  (mar.)  in  //.,  -e 
del  timone,  =  Femminelle  del  timone, 
rudder-braces. 

Rosetto  tit.  ;  (bot.)  —  de'  frumenti,  corn-poppy, 
v.  Papavero  (2). 

t  Rdsica  f.  ;  =  Rosa,  inclination. 

Eosicante  m.  ;  rodent. 
Rosic-are  (**blt.  rosicare,  freq.  of 
L.  rodere)  ;  to  nibble.     Aff.  -atura. 

Rosicchi-are  ;  dim.  Rosicare,  to 
nibble.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Rosiccbino  m.  ;  =  Grisatoio. 

Rosfcchiolo  (Rosicchio)  m.;  scrap 
of  dry  bread. 

tRosichiero  »;.;  =  Smalto  color  di  rosa. 

Rdsicruciano  (prob.  Latinised  from 
C.  Rosenkreuz,  the  alleged  founder,  in 
1459  of  the  Society,  or  perhaps  <  L. 
roscidus,  dewy,  crux,  cross)  ;  Rosi- 
crucian,  one  of  a  secret  society  of  the 
1  7th  century,  the  members  of  which 


ROSIGNOLO— ROVAIO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see 


made  great  pretentions  to  acquaintance 
with  the  secrets  of  Nature,  the  trans- 
mutation of  metals,  power  over  ele- 
mental spirits,  magical  signatures,  etc. 

Rosignblo.  Rpssignblo,  Rosignu61o, 
Rusignblo  or  Usignolo  m. ;  i.  (ornith.) 
nightingale,  Sylvia  luscinia.  2.  —  di 
maggio,  iron,  for  Asino,  ass. 

Etyin,  Cogn.  Proven^,  and  French  rossignol, 
Span.  ruiseHor,  Portug.  rouxinAel,  <  L.  lusciniola, 
dim.  of  luscinia,  nightingale,  lit.  twilight  singer,  < 
fuscus,  one-eyed,  canere,  to  sing,  giving  **  luscicinia, 
>  by  contraction  luscinia.  Night  singer  is  also  the 
lit.  meaning  of  E.  nightingale,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc. 
For  luscus  v.  Losco. 

Rosinayi;  I.  dim.  vezz,  Rosa.  2.  a  form  of 
gambling  apparatus. 

Rosmarino  /«. ;  =  Ramerino,  rosemary. 

Rosminiano  m.;  follower  of  Rosmini,  d.  1855, 
the  founder  of  the  Institute  of  the  Brethren  of 
Charity,  and  writer  on  the  origin  of  ideas. 

Roso;/<»rA  Rodere.     t  R6so  »t.;=  Rosaio. 

Rdsola/;  (»<•/.)=  Rosetla  (4). 

Rosolaccio  m. ;  i.  (bot.)  poppy,  v. 
Papavero  (2).  2.  (sfherz.)  =  C.occ&r&a., 
cockade. 

Rosol-are  ind.  rosolo;  i.  (cook.)  to 
roast  brown.  2.  Jig.  to  roast,  to  scold 
severely.  Aff.  -ata,  rissole. 

Rosolfa  / ;  (med.)  rose-rash. 

Rosdlida/!;  (bot.)  sun-dew,  v.  Erba(ii5). 
Rosoliera/:;  small  bottle  for  Rosolio. 

Rosblio  HI.  (cogn.  Fr.  rossolis,  <  L. 
ros,  dew,  sol,  sun) ;  rossolis,  a  sweet 
cordial  made  with  raisins  and  other 
ingredients. 

R6solo  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Rosolare. 

Rosdne  m. ;  i.  rose  made  in  terra 
cotta  or  stucco,  e.g.  on  a  ceiling.  2.  a 
similar  ornament  in  a  book,  t  =  Ber- 
lingozzo,  cake. 

Rosp-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o.  t-amente  adv. ; 
v.  -o  (2).  t  -are  ;  to  treat  rudely,  -ettaccio  dim. 
pegg.,  -ettino  dim.  vezz.,  -etto  dint.,  of-o. 

Rospo  m.  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps  Ger- 
manic, cp.  O.H.G.  ruspan,  to  be  stiff, 
hard,  referring  therefore,  if  this  is  really 
the  derivation,  to  the  toad's  skin)  ; 
i.  toad.  2.  fig.  boor,  t  =  Lofio  pesca- 
tore,  angler-fish. 

Ross-accio;  pegg.  -o.  As  s/>.,  red- 
haired  person. 

Ross-astro ;  reddish,  -eggiare  ind. 
-eggio;  v.  Rosso. 

t  Rossellaccio  ;«.;=  Rosolaccio,  poppy. 

Rossell-tno;  i.  name  for  a  variety  of  grape, 
olive,  and  fig  tree,  also  of  a  fungus,  shewing  some 
reddish  tinge  in  each  case.  2.  ussft^ditn,  -o.  *wood 
of  the  arbutus  tree. 

Rossello  ;  i.  reddish.  2.  as  sb., 
reddish  patch.  3.  (&tf.)  =  Corbezzolo, 
arbutus. 

Rossetta,/?;  flying  fox,  a  genus  of  bat,  Pteropits, 

Rosse"tto;  i.  reddish.  2.  as  sb.,  red 
tinge.  3.  —  di  Parigi,  prepared  oxide 
of  iron.  4.  rouge. 

Ross-e'zza/,  -iccio  or  -igno  adjs., 

V.  -O. 

Rossiglidne  ;  (gtogr.)  Roussillon,  in  France. 
Rossiniano  ;  of  Rossini  the  composer. 
Ross-ino;    ditn,  1'ezz.   -o.     As  sb.,  red-haired 
person. 

R6ss-0  (cogn.  Fr.  roux,  Proven^. 
ros,  Span,  rojo,  Portug.  roxo,< L.  nissus, 


for  **rudsus,  root  reudh,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Red);  i.  red.  2.  (geogr.)  Mar  — ,  the 
Red  Sea,  so  called  from  the  Idumaeans 
on  its  shores,  Idumaean  being  Arabic  for 
red ;  Fiume  — ,  the  Red  river,  in  Canada. 
3.  Barba  -a,  a  variety  of  grape.  4.  Di 
sangue  — ,  quick-tempered.  5.  —  del- 
1'  ovo,  i.q.  Torlo,  yolk.  6.  name  of  a 
variety  of  chestnut.  7.  -  -  di  terra, 
red  ochre.  8.  —  di  piombo,  =  Minio, 
red  lead. 

R6ssola  f.  ',  an  edible  fungus  with  reddish 
pileus. 

R6ssolo  ;  name  of  a  variety  of  chestnut. 

Rossdre/;/.;  redness.  t  =  Sgridata, 
scolding. 

*  Rossume  w.;=Torlo,  yolk  of  egg. 

R6sta  /  (O.H.G.  rost,  grating,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Roast);  i.  fanlight  over  a 
door.  2.  semicircular  trench  round  the 
foot  of  a  chesmut-tree  serving  to  retain 
water.  3.  screen  placed  round  a  tree 
for  protection.  4.  Far  la  — ,  =  Far  la 
rota,  v.  Ruota  (5). 

ti.  bush-harrow,  large  branches  of  hazel  or  willow 
tied  together  by  their  stumps  for  harrowing  meadows, 
ii.  a  sort  of  flapper  made  ot"  paper  or  boughs  fastened 
to  the  frame  of  a  cart  to  serve  as  a  fan  and  to  keep 
oft"  the  flies  ;  —  a  mazza,  flapper  fixed  upon  a  pole. 

t  Rostescia/I;  roast  pork. 

Rosticcere  ;«.;  keeper  of  a  cook- 
shop. 

Rosticceria  / ;  cook-shop. 

Rosticciana  /;  pork  chop.  *an 
oily  kind  of  bun. 

Rosticcio  in.  (It.  **rostire,  v.  Ar- 
rostire)  ;  i.  spreg.  person  more  or  less 
deformed.  2.  in  pi.,  iron  slag. 

*  Rostigioso  ;=  Ruvido,  Scaglioso. 
Rbsto  m.  ;  =  Arrosto,  roast  meat. 

Rostrale;  Corona  — ,  the  crown 
awarded  in  ancient  Rome  to  the  sailor 
who  was  the  first  to  board  an  enemy's 
ship. 

Rostrato ;  provided  with  a  pro- 
minence like  a  beak;  esp.  of  war  ships, 
armed  with  a  ram. 

R6stro  m.  (L.,  <  ** rod-strum,  v. 
Rodere) ;  i .  beak  of  a  hawk.  2.  ram 
of  a  war  ship.  3.  in  pi.,  the  Rostra 
of  the  ancient  Roman  forum.  *pro- 
boscis. 

Resume  m.  ;  residues,  //'/.  gnawed 
residues. 

*RosurayC;  i.  =  Resume,     ii.  erosion. 

R6t-a  /  ;  v.  Ruota,  wheel. 

Rotabile  ;  suitable  for  wheeled 
traffic. 

Rotacismo  m.\  \.  insertion  of  an  R 
where  not  wanted.  2.  affected  rolling 
of  the  R. 

Rotdia/;  i.  wheel-track.  2.  rail 
of  a  railway.  3.  (/«ar.)=Inferitore  di 
un  albero,  jackstay. 

Rot-are  ind.  roto  ;  i.  to  roll  round, 
swing  round.  2.  (hist.)  to  break  upon 
the  wheel. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata  blow  from  a  waggon  wheel, 
•atore,  -atrice,  -atorio.  -azione. 


the  simple  word. 

Rote-are ;     var.    of    Rotare. 
•azione. 


Aff.    -amento, 


*  R  ot  eggi  are  ;  =  Roteare. 

Rot£ggio ;  passing  of  carts  and 
waggons. 

Roti&ll-a/  (dim.  Rota);  i.  castor, 
of  furniture.  2.  (mach.)  roller.  3.  (mil. 
/list.)  round  shield,  buckler.  4.  round 
slab.  5.  (anat.)  patella,  knee-cap. 
6.  (bootm.)  iron  rim  let  in  at  the  back 
of  the  heel.  Aff.  -dtta,  -fna  dims.,  -one 
augm. 

Rot-icina/;  dim.  of -a.  -ifero;  (zaoi.)  as  E. 
-inayC  or  -ino  m.;  dims,  of -a.  -ismo  m.\  wheels 
of  a  watch. 

Rotol-are  ind.  r6tolo;  tr.  or  intr. 
to  roll,  roll  over.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

R6tolo  (Rotulo,  Ruotolo)  m.  (L. 
rolulus,  for  rotula,  dim.  of  rotu) ;  I.  roll, 
bundle.  2.  as  a  weight,  in  south 
Italy  and  Malta,  about  a  kilogramme. 

3.  Andare  a   — ,   to   go   to   perdition, 
be  done  for. 

*i.  =  Rullo,  roller,     ii.   Volerne  un  — ,  to  want  to 
try  a  fall,  have  a  tussle. 

Rotol6  m. ;  a  kind  of  cloak. 

Rotol6u-e  m.  ;  rolling  over  and 
over.  Andare  a  -i,  to  come  to  utter 
grief. 

Rotond-a  f. ;  round  church  or  other 
building,  esp.  the  Pantheon  at  Rome. 
-am£nte  adi>.  -are;  i.  to  make  round. 
2.  to  round  off.  -eggiare  ind.  -^ggio  ; 
to  be  nearly  round.  -£zza  or  -ita  f.  ; 
roundness,  v.  -o. 

Rot6nd-o  (L.  rotundus,  <  rota, 
wheel) ;  round.  Tavola  -a,  table  d'hote. 
(war.)  As  sb.,  —  dei  fiori,  =  Giro  della 
carena,  bilge. 

Rot6ne  w.  (augm.  Rota) ;  driving- 
wheel,  mill-wheel. 

Rdtt-a  f. ;  i.  breach,  e.g.  in  an  em- 
bankment. 2.  defeat.  3.  Fare  la  — ,  to 
clear  a  road,  e.g.  with  a  snow-plough. 

4.  Venire,  Essere  alle  -e,  to  cease  being 
friends.     5.    Esser  per  le  -e,  to  be  in  a 
very  bad  way.     6.    A  — ,  hastily;  A  — 
di  collo,  at  breakneck  speed.    7.   (mar.) 
=  Corsa,  route. 

Rottame  m. ;  lumber,  broken  rub- 
bish. 

Rottame"nte;  jerkily.  *i.  exces- 
sively, ii.  violently. 

R6tto;  i.  part.  Rompere.  2.  as  sb., 
hole.  3.  =  Frazione.  4.  in  pi.,  small 
change,  small  money. 

Rottorio  m. ;  i.  (surg.)  cautery, 
issue.  2.  Jig.  —  di  corbelli,  di  stivali, 
=  Rompistivali,  bore. 

Rottura  f. ;  i.  rupture,  breakage. 
2.  Arco  a  — ,  arched  opening  made  in 
a  wall  originally  built  entire. 

Rbtula/  (L.  dim.  of  rota,  wheel); 
=  Rotella,  knee-cap. 

*  Rotulo;  v.  Rotolo. 
tRouquie;  v.  Crenilabro. 

*  Rovaglione  m. ; - Ravaglione,  chicken-pox. 

Rovaio  m.  (etym.  unkn.)  ;  =  Tramon- 
tana,  north  wind.  Dar  de'  calci  al  — , 
i.e.  to  be  hanged. 


ROVANO— RUFFIANA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 
Bovano  ;  =  Roano.    *rust-coloured. 

Bov611o    m.    (L.    rubellus,   dim.    of 
ruber,  red) ;   rage. 

Roventare;=Infocare,  to  heat  red- 


*  Rovist-ico  ;  v.  Ruvistico.     -o ;  v.  Robusto. 
t  Rovito ;  =  Rovente. 


hot. 

Bovente  (L.  rubenteiii);  red-hot. 

Boventino  m.  (It.  rovente);  black- 
pudding  eaten  hot. 

B6vere  (Rovero)  m.  (cogn.  Provenc,. 
roire,  roure,  Fr.  rotivre,  a  small  variety 
of  oak,  Span,  roble,  oak,  <  L.  roboreni) ; 
(hot.)  oak,  Quercus  sessiltftora,  also 
termed  Querce  rovere. 

Boveretano ;  II  — ,  Rosmini,  v. 
Rosminiano. 

Bover6to  in. ;  oak  plantation. 

tRoversa-bugne    m. ;    {mar.)  =  Caricamezzo, 
outer  huntline. 

t  Rovcrso  m.  \  (w<zr.)=Caricabo!ine,  leech-line. 

Rov&SCi  m.  pi. ;  =  Sovesci. 
Rovescia  / ;  lappel,  facing,  cuff. 

Bpvesci-are  ind.  rovescio ;  i.  to 
turn  inside  out ;  —  le  tasche,  to  turn 
one's  pockets  out.  2.  to  upset.  3.  - 
la  terra  con  la  vanga,  to  dig  the  ground 
over,  turn  it  over.  4.  -arsi,  of  rain,  to 
fall  in  torrents.  5.  -arsi  sulla  spalliera 
della  seggiola,  to  throw  oneself  back  in 
one's  chair.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

Royescina/;  =  Vinciperdi,  winning 
by  losing. 

Bovescino  m. ;  i.  seam  in  a  stock- 
ing. 2.  a  kind  of  rough  cloth. 

Bovesci-o  (<  Rivescio,  <  Riverso, 
<  L.  reversus);  i.  reversed.  2.  Alia 
-a,  A  -o,  or  Di  -o,  inside  out,  topsy- 
turvy. 3.  as  s6.,  reverse  (of  a  medal), 
wrong  side  (of  cloth).  4.  opposite,  re- 
verse. 5.  sudden  storm  of  rain.  6.  fig. 
violent  scolding,  outburst  of  temper. 
7.  Non  aver  ne  dritto  ne  — ,  i.e.  to  be  a 
difficult  person  to  deal  with ;  Venir  su 
senza  dritto  ne  — ,  to  be  brought  up 
with  no  moral  training.  8.  of  bedding, 
=  Rimboccatura,  top  of  a  sheet  turned 
down.  9.  a  kind  of  cloth  with  the  hair 
left  long  on  the  reverse  side.  10.  mis- 
fortune, the  Fr.  revers.  *=  Rovescione. 

Bovesci6ne  m.;  i.  augm.  Rovescio 
(5).  2.  back-hand  stroke.  3.  A  — ,  as 
adv.,  or  Rovescioni,  =  Supino,  on  one's 
back. 

Bov6to  m.;  briar-patch.  II  —  ar- 
dente,  the  burning  bush  of  Moses. 

t  Rovico  ;=  Rovente. 

*  Rovigliare  ;=  Rovistare,  to  rummage.. 

t  Roviglione  m.;  =  Scardola,  red-eye  (fish). 

Bovina  f.  (var.  of  Ruina);  i.  ruin. 
2.  downfall,  crashing  fall.  3.  fury,  e.g. 
of  a  river  in  flood. 

Bovin-are  ind.  rovi'no ;  i.  to  fall,  or 
cause  to  fall,  headlong.  2.  to  ruin. 
AJf.  -aticcio  shaky,  -atore,  -atrice,  -10 
succession  of  crashes,  -osame'nte,  -oso. 

Bovist-are  (Ruvistare)  (It.  ri-,  vis- 
tare  ;  for  /><?  cp.  Uomani,  Domandare); 
to  search  minutely,  to  ransack.  Aff. 
-at6re,  -io  freq.  sb. 


B6vo,  B6go  m.  (L.  rubus,  prob. 
akin  to  O.H.G.  roufen,>Germ.  raufen, 
to  snatch,  from  a  root  parallel  to  that 
of  L.  rumpere,  so  that  rubus  would 
mean  the  clutching  plant) ;  (bot.)  i.  briar 
of  any  species.  2.  —  di  macchia, 
bramble,  Rubus  fruticosus,  also  termed 
Moro  di  macchia. 

Rozza  f.  (for  etym.  v.  Ronzino) ; 
sorry  jade. 

B6zz-o  (bit.  rudius,  <  L.  rudis) ; 
raw,  rough,  unpolished.  AJf.  -amente, 
-ezza,  -onaccio  augm.  pegg. 

Bozzdne  m.  •  i.  pegg.  Rozzo. 
2.  augm.  Rozza. 

+  Rozzume  >«.  ;  =  Rozzezza,  roughness. 

*  Ruan-o  ;=  Roano.     Biscia  -a,  viper. 

Buba  f. ;  plunder.  Andare  a  — , 
to  be  plundered,  alsoy^.  to  meet  with 
a  ready  sale. 

Bubacchiare  (dim.  Rubare) ;  to 
pilfer. 

Rubacello  m.\  (min.}  rubicel,  an 
orange-coloured  variety  of  spinel,  v. 
Spinello. 

Rubaconte  ;  old  name  for  the  bridge  at 
Florence  now  known  as  the  Ponte  alle  Grazie  ;  it 
is  the  last  stone  bridge  over  the  Arno  upstream, 
and  the  road  to  S.  Miniato  leads  over  it.  D.  Purg. 
12.  102. 

Bubac6ri  m. ;  charming  woman. 

»Rubalda/;=Ribalda,  helmet. 
Bubaradnto  in. ;  burglary. 
Rubam6nte  m. ;  a  card-game. 

Rubapaghe  m. ;  idler,  one  not  worth 
his  wages. 

Bub-are  (O.H.G.  roubon,  >  Germ. 
rauben,  to  rob,  v.  Roba,  elytn.)  ;  to 
steal.  II  bel  —  fa  il  ladro,  opportunity 
makes  the  thief.  —  le  mosse,  in  racing, 
to  start  before  the  signal.  AJf.  -at6re, 
-atrice. 

tRubbia/;  =  Robbia,  madder. 

Rubbio  m.  (I.,  rufous,  red,  the  divisions  of  the 
rnbeus  having  been  marked  in  red);  an  old  corn- 
measure,  ?'.  *  Mezza  (ii). 

*Rub-ecchio;  glowing.  * -ello  ;  =  Ribclle. 
*  -eo ;  reddish.  *  -ereccio ;  liable  to  be  stolen. 

Buberia  / ;  robbery. 

*  Rubesto  ;  =  Robusto. 

*  Rubicante  ;=  Rosseggiante. 
Rubic6ndo ;  as  E. 

Rubicdne ;  (geagr.)  a  small  river  of  N.  Italy, 
which  falls  into  the  Adriatic,  a  few  miles  north  of 
Rimini ;  in  Caesar's  time  it  formed  the  boundary 
between  Cisalpine  Gaul  and  Italy  proper.  Caesar 
by  passing  it  in  B.C.  49,  at  the  head  of  his  army, 
declared  war  against  the  Republic. 

*Rub-ido;  =  Ruvido,  rough.  * -ificare  ;  to 
redden. 

*  Rubigine  y!;  =  Ruggine,  rust. 

Rubigli-o  HI.,  -»/.;  (hot.)  wild  pea,  v.  Pisello 
(i,  «•)• 

Rubigli6ne  in. ;  (&?/.)  everlasting  pea,  -v. 
Pisello  (i,/). 

Bubina  /  ;  russet  pear. 

Bubin-e'tto  m. ;  v.  Robin-.    *dim.  -o. 

Bubino  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.); 
ruby,  see  Spinello  and  Balascio.  —  del 
Brasile,  a  pink  topaz.  —  d'  Ungheria, 
a  purple-red  garnet.  -  di  Boemia,  a 
fire-red  garnet.  —  di  Siberia,  a  crimson- 
red  tourmaline. 


Bubizzo    or    Bubizzo ;    ruddy,   as 
healthy  old  men. 


Rublo  tn.\   Russian  rouble,  value  about  three 
shillings. 

*  Rubo  w.;=Rovo,  briar. 

*  Rubore  ;«.;  =  Rossore,  blush. 


Riibrica  /  (L.  rubrica,  red  ochre 
or  other  red  marking-material,  hence 
title  of  a  law  because  written  in  red) ; 

1.  heading,  strictly  heading  written  in 
red,  as  headings  often  were  in  medieval 
documents.  2.  (eccl.}  rubric,  ecclesiastical 
rule  or  set  of  rules,  hence  3.  regulations, 
generally.     4.  =  Repertorio,   note-book 
divided  into  alphabetical  sections.   5.  La 
—   dei   fatti   diversi   nei    giornali,   the 
column  for  occasional  paragraphs  in  a 
newspaper.     6.  =  Sinopia,  a  sort  of  red 
ochre. 

Bubric-are  ind.  riibrico;  i.  to  de- 
scribe under  appropriate  headings. 

2.  to  illuminate,  e.g.  a  missal.     3.    to 
prescribe.     V.  Rubrica.     Aff.  -atore. 

*  RubricazioneyI;  =  Rossezza,  redness. 

Bubricista  m. ;  punctual  observer  of 
the  rubric. 

*  Rubrico  ;=  Imbcllettato. 

*Rubro;  i.  red.     ii.  as  sb.,  =Rovo,  briar. 

Ruca,  Ruchetta/;  (/tot.)  salad-rocket,  Eruca 
sativa. 

*  Ruccola  f.  \-  Ruffiana. 

t  Ruciare  ;  i.  of  pigs,  to  feed  on  acorns  left  on 
the  ground  after  the  bulk  of  them  have  been  garnered, 
ii.  to  itch  and  scratch. 

tRuciolo  nt. ',  =  Truciolo,  chip. 

*Rucola/.;=  Ruchetta,  v.  Ruca. 

*  Rucolare  ;  =  Ruzzolare,  to  roll. 

*  Rucolo  w.;  —  Graniigna,  dog-grass. 

Bude  (L.);  =  Rozzo,  rough,  rude. 
Budentato;  (arch.)  cable-moulded. 

*  Rudente  f.  (L.) ;    rope,  esf.  that  of  the  guil- 
lotine. 

Biideri  /«.  //.  (L.  rudus,  broken 
stones,  e.g.  for  making  concrete  pave- 
ments, for  **ghreudos,  akin  to  A.S. 
griot,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Groat,  Grout) ;  re- 
mains, ruins. 

Rudiment-o  tit.  (l*.,<rudist  rude);  as  E. 
Aff.  -ale. 

•Ru-ere  (L.);  i.  to  plunge  down.  ii.  -ersi,  to 
throw  oneself. 

Bufia  /  (formed,  together  with  a 
variant  Raflfa,  <  O.H.G.  roufan  or 
raufan,  root  reup  or  reuf,  cp.  Gothic 
raupjan,  to  snatch,  A.S.  reafian,  to 
strip,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Reave) ;  scramble. 
Fare  a  ruffa  raffa,  to  scramble.  Roba 
che  vien  di  ruffa  raffa,  ill-gotten  goods. 

'Ruffata./;  rough  handling. 

Buffello  ;«. ;  tangled  lock  of  hair 
or  wool.  Le  campane  di  San  — ,  vendi 
e  impegna,  lit.  the  bells  of  St  Touzle- 
head,  selling  and  pledging,  said  of  the 
actions  of  a  spendthrift,  and  there  may 
be  added,  Poi  suona  un  campanellino 
che  dice,  Non  ce  n'  e  piii,  non  ce  n'  e 
piu. 

Euffell6n-e  m.,  -&f. ;  untidy  person, 
•go-between. 

Buffi ;  O  di  —  o  di  raffi,  by  hook  or 
by  crook,  v.  Ruffa. 

Buffian-a  /,  -accio  -accia  pegg., 
-ato  ill-gotten,  -eggiare  ind.  -dggio  to 
pimp,  -Silo  -611a  dim.,  -dsco  spreg., 


520 


RUFFIANO— RUVIGLIONE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 


-esimo  sb.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.  or  scherz. 
little  rogue ;   v.  -o. 

Ruffian-o  m.  (bit.  **rufftanus,  < 
Low  Germ,  ruffeln,  to  pimp,  with  L. 
suffix,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ruffian);  i.  pimp, 
go-between.  2.  (vet.)  entire  animal  em- 
ployed to  ascertain  if  a  mare  or  cow  is 
in  season.  Aff.  -one,  -ona,  pegg. 
*Ruffolay:;  =  RuBa. 

*  Rufo  (L.  rufus,  a  dialectic  variant  of  ritpcr,  ->. 
Skeat,  sub  Red) ;  reddish. 

Rufola/;  =  Grillotalpa,  mole-cricket. 

Bufolare ;  v.  Grufolare. 

Rufolino ;  infested  by  mole-crickets. 

*  Rufoloso ;  dirty. 

Ruga  /  (A)  (L.,  akin  to  E.  rough, 
cp.  Skeat,  sub  Rough,  Rug) ;  wrinkle, 
furrow  (in  the  skin).  *road,  cp.  Fr.  rue. 

*  (B)  (corruption  of  Bruco) ;  green  caterpillar. 
Rugantino  m. ;=Rogantino. 

tRugare  ;  =  Bofonchiare,  to  show  ill-temper. 

Rugghiare  :  poet,  for  Ruggire. 

Riigghio  m. ;  (A)  =  Ruggito.  *(B)  = 
Rubbio. 

t  Rugginare  ;  to  grind  the  teeth  with  rage. 

Ruggine  f.  (L.  robigo,  rust,  <rubcr, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Red) ;  i.  rust.  2.  \>y  ext., 
any  incrustation.  3.  fig.  moral  defect, 
vice.  4.  ill-feeling,  dislike.  5.  blight, 
v.  Rientro  (2).  6.  as  adj.,  rust-coloured, 
tawny. 

•Ruggin-ire;  to  turn  rusty,    t-o;  surly. 

Ruggin-6so ;  v.  -e.    Aff.  -osita. 

*  Ruggio  >«.;=Ruggito. 

Rliggiolo  m. ;  (hot.)  broom,  v.  Gi- 
nestra  (2). 

Rugg-ire  ind.  ruggisco,  ruggisci  or 
ruggi,  ruggisce  or  rugge,  ruggiamo, 
ruggite,  ruggiscono  or  ruggono  (bit. 
rugire,  <  a  base  rug,  formed  upon  an 
imit.  root  ru,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Roar) ;  to 
roar.  Aff.  -ito  sb. 

t  Rughello  m.;  dim.  *  Ruga  (A),  by-way. 

Rughdtt -a,  -Ina  f. ;  dim.,  sub-dint., 
of  Ruga,  wrinkle. 
•Rugiay!;  fleck. 

Rugiada  /;  i.  dew.  2.  (med.) 
serum  of  blood.  3.  (tot.)  —  del  sole, 
sun-dew,  v.  Erba  (115).  *Pasqua  — , 
Whitsuntide. 

Etynt.  A  syncopated  participial  form  <  **  rosci. 
dare,  to  bedew,  <  L.  roscidtts,  dewy,  <  rttst  root 
eres,  cp.  Sanskr.  arsati,  flows,  Gr.  ai^oppoc,  flowing 
backwards,  iptrttv.  male,  lit.  sprinkling  with  seed,  v. 
Walde,  sub  Ros. 

Rugiaddso ;  i.  dewy.  2.  (pott.) 
fresh,  blooming.  3.  fig.  Jesuitical,  sly. 

•Ruginella    /•:     (*»<•)    scaly    spleenwort,     v. 
Erba  (41). 

*  Ruginezza./;  rancour. 

*  Rugiolone  m. ;  -  Pugno. 

Rugliare  (secondary  form  of  Ru- 
gire);  to  give  a  low  growl.  *=Grugare, 
to  coo. 


Ruglione  m. ;=RubigIione. 
*  Rugnire;  =  Ringhiare. 


Rugos-ita,  -o  ;  v.  Ruga. 
*  Rugumare ;  =  Ruminare. 

Ruin-a,  -are,  -tea;  poet,  for  Rovin-.     Etynt. 
L.,  akin  to  Gr.  cpvta,  to  drag. 

•Rulla/  (L.  ratuta,  dim.  of  rota,  v.  Ruota); 
i. -Kuzzola.     ii.  humbug,  falsehood,     iii.  =  Rullo. 


Rull-are ;  to  roll.  Aff.  -fo,  constant 
rolling. 

Rullatdre  m. ;  (print.}  workman 
who  spreads  the  ink  by  means  of  a 
roller. 

Rull-o  in.  (Fr.  rouleau,  <  L.  ro/ulus, 
dim.  of  rota,  v.  Ruota) ;  i.  nine-pin  (at 
skittles) ;  Fare  ai  -i,  to  play  at  skittles. 
2.  roller  ;  —  dentato,  ring-roller.  3.  = 
Tombolo,  round  sofa-cushion.  4.  roll 
(of  drums). 

*i.  Dare  nei -i,  to  hop  and  skip.     ii.  =  I  mpazzare. 
Rulldne  m. ;  (flassni.)  stirring-rod,  v.  Pette- 
golone  (2). 

Rum  or  pop.  Rumme  m. ;  as  E. 

*  Rumare  ;      i.  =  Ruminare.       ii.  =  Grufolare. 
tiii.   to  shake  up. 

tRumbu  >n.;=Rombo  liscio,  brill. 
Rume  in.;  pop.  for  Rumme,  rum. 
tRumicatayi;  light  shower  of  rain. 
t  Rumicciare ;   i.    to  rustle,     ii.    to  begin  quar- 
relling. 

*  Rumigare;  =  Ruminare. 

Ruminale;  Fico  — ,  the  fig-tree  under  which 
Romulus  and  Remus  were  suckled  by  the  wolf,  so 
named  from  Rumina,  goddess  of  nursing,  <  L. 
minis,  teat,  as  flowing  thing,  root  sreu,  to  flow, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Stream. 

Rumin-are  ind.  rumino  (L.,  f.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  as  E.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura,  -azione. 

Rumme;  v.  Rum. 
t  Rummo  in. ;  lemon  dab,  v.  Pianuzza. 

Rumdr-e,  Rom6r-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Rumour) ;  noise.  Aff.  -eggiare  ind. 
-e'ggio  to  make  a  noise,  -eggiat6re,  -e'tto 
dim.,  -fccio  dim.  slight  rustle,  -fno  dim., 
-fo  freq.  sb.,  -osame'nte,  -oso  i.  noisy. 
2.  much  talked  about,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Run-a  f.  (Scandinavian  word);  rune,  runic 
inscription.  Aff.  -ico. 

•Runciglio  m. ;=Ronciglio,  hook. 

Ru61o  m.  (Fr.  rdle,  <  L.  rotalus, 
dim.  of  rota,  v.  Ruota);  roll,  list. 

Ru&so  ;«.  (L.  rltus);  (£or.)=Scotano,  sumach. 

Ru6t-a,  R6t-a/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Rotary) ;  i.  wheel.  2.  turning-box, 
such  as  those  formerly  available  for 
foundlings,  hence  3.  foundling  hospital. 

4.  Sacra  — ,  a  tribunal   of  appeal    in 
the  old  Papal  States,  so  called  because 
originally    seated    at    a    round    table. 

5.  Far  la  — ,  (a)  of  a  peacock,  to  spread 
its   tail,  hence  Jig.  to   pay  court  to  a 
woman,  (b)  to  wheel  about.     6.  Di  — , 
newly  sharpened  (knife).     7.  -e  matte, 
wheels   on   a  universal   joint,  such   as 
those  of  furniture.     8.  =Turno.     9.   - 
agraria,  rotation  of  crops.     10.    —  ad 
angolo,   or   conica,   bevel    wheel,   one 
whose  teeth  form  an  angle  of  45  degrees 
with  the  shaft  upon  which  it  is  fitted,  so 
as  to  transmit  the  motion  to  a  similar 
wheel  and  shaft  at  right  angles  to  it. 
n.   (mar.)  —  di  poppa,  stern-post;  - 
di  prua,  stem  ;  —  di  timone,  steering- 
wheel.     Aff.  -are,  to  revolve. 

Ruotella/;  roller. 

tRudtema/;  flood. 

*  Ruotolo  m. ;  =  Rotolo. 

Rupe /.  (L.  rapes,  akin  to  rumpere) ; 
rocky  cliff. 

Rupia  f.  (Gr.  piiiros,  filth);  (ined.)  a  skin 
eruption. 

Rupia  f. ;  rupee,  a  Hindostanee 
word,  <  Sanskr.  rupya,  wrought  silver 
or  gold. 


*  Rupinoso  ;=Erto,  Chino. 

*  Rupolone  tn. ;=  Moto  in  giro  del  cavallo. 
Rurale ;  as  E. 

Rus  tn. ;  (bot.)  the  sumach  genus,  Rkus. 

t  RuscayT  (cog-it.  Fr.  rtufe,  beehive,  orig.  beehive 
made  of  bark ;  Provenc.  rusca,  bark,  of  Celtic 
origin,  cp.  Gaelic  rfisg,  bark);  bark. 

•Ruscarola/:;  dustbin. 

Rusc611-0  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  ruisseau  ; 
prob.<**rivicellus,  dim.  of  L.  rivus, 
root  rei,  to  flow) ;  brook.  Aff.  -e'tto 
dim.  vezz.,  -ino  dim.  poet. 

t Ruschia./.;  =  Scudiscio,  whip.     *  =  Rusco. 

Rusco ;«.  (L.);  (bot.)  butcher's  broom, 
v.  Pugnitopo. 

Rusign61o  ;//.  ;=Rosignolo,  nightin 
gale. 

Ruspa  / ;  bullock-sledge. 

Ruspare  (L.  rushari,  to  search  out, 
a  development  <  root  reu,  cp.  Gr.  tptv- 
I'drn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rune);  i.  to  gather 
late-fallen  or  other  chestnuts  or  olives 
left  behind  by  the  harvesters.  2.  to 
transport  earth  on  a  sledge,  v.  Ruspa. 
*=Raspare,  to  scratch,  as  hens. 

tRuspellare  ;=  Ruspare,  to  gather  late  chest- 
nuts. 

Ruspo  m.  (A);  Florentine  sequin, 
about  ten  francs. 

*  As  adj. :  i.  rough,    ii.  clean  and  rough  because 
new  (coin). 

Elynt.  O.  H.G.  ruspan,  to  be  stiff,  cp.  Rospo, 
so  that  the  word  was  originally  an  adj.  as  above, 
no.  (i),  and  being  applied  to  the  roughness  of  new 
coins  came  to  be  used  as  sb.  for  the  sequin. 

*(B);  late-gathered  chestnuts,  i>.  Ruspare  (i). 

tRuspola_/;  a  kind  of 'two-pronged  rake  used 
in  looking  for  chestnuts,  v.  Ruspare. 

Ruspone  in.  (augm.  Ruspo) ;  a  coin 
worth  nearly  thirty  francs. 

Russare  (O.H.G.  ruzzon);  to  snore.  t  =  Sfre- 
gare,  to  chafe. 

Russp;  Russian. 

Rustic-a/,  -accio/<£f.,  -aggine/  rusticity, 
-ale  rural,  -almente,  -arnente,  -ano  of  rustic 
habits,  -hetto  dim.,  -hezza  or  -ita/i  i.q.  .aggine; 
v.  -o. 

Rustic-o;  as  E.  Aff.  -onaccio  attgm.  pegg., 
-one  aug-tn. 

t  Rusto  m. ;  —  Truciolo,  chip. 

Ruta/  (L.,<Gr.  purij);  (bot.)  i.  rue, 
Ruta  graveolens.  2.  -  -  delle  capre, 
goat's-rue,  Galega  officinalis,  also  termed 
Lavanese  caprina.  3.  —  de"  muri,  wall- 
rue,  Asplenium  ruta  muraria.  4.  —  de' 
prati,  meadow-rue,  v.  Erba  (101).  5.  — 
della  Siria,  Syrian  rue,  Peganum  har- 
mala. 

Rutabaga  /  (Fr.,  <  Swedish  dial. 
rotabagge) ;  swede  turnip,  Brassica  cam- 
pestris  rutabaga. 

Rut  at  o  ;  Olio  — ,  oil  of  rue. 

Rutenico;  Ruthenian,  Russian 
*Rutic-are  (perhaps  a  dim.<\J.   rota);   i.    to 
move  with  difficulty,     ii.  -arsi,  of  a  plant,  to  trail. 

Rutilante  (L.,  akin  to  ruber);  i.  shining. 
2.  (chem.*)  fuming  (nitric  acid). 

Rutt-are  (L.  ructare,  from  the  imit. 
root  ru  or  rug,  roaring) ;  to  belch.  Aff. 
-atore,  -eggiare  ind.  -e'ggio  freq.,  -e'tto 
dim.  of  -o,  -o  sb. 

Ruvid-o  (L.  ruidits,  a  word  used  by 
Pliny  as  an  epithet  of  pi/urn,  pestle, 
and  akin  to  ruere,  to  cast  up,  rake  up 
from  the  bottom) ;  rough.  Aff.  -ame'nte, 
-etto  dim.,  -^zza,  -ita. 
tRuviglione  >«.;  small-pox. 


RUVISTARE— SACRIPANTE 


521 


*  Ruvistare  ;  v.  Rovistare. 

Ruvistico,  Rovistico  (Ruistico)  m. 
(corr.  of  L.  ligusticum,  v.  Ligustro) ; 
(tot.)  i.  privet,  Ligustrum  vulgare,  also 
termed  Ligustro  comune,  Vincastro. 
2.  —  di  Persia,  lilac,  v.  Lila. 

Ruzza  /  (originally  dissension  at 
play,  ?/.  Ruzzare);  dispute,  quarrel. 

tRuzzaidlo  m. ;  =  Oriaiolo,  sty  in  the  eye. 

Ruzzare  (prob.  <  L.  roteare  <  rota, 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  R  see  the  simple  word. 

Ruzzol-ata  /  ;  blow  from  a  Ruzzola. 
-6tta  or  -fna  f. ;  dim.  of  -a.  -fo  m. ; 
freq.  sb.  of  -are.  -dna  f. ;  augm. 
of  -a. 


wheel,  for  which  v.  Skeat,  sub  Rotary) ; 
to  play,  as  children. 

Ruzzo  m. ;  i.  playing.  2.  caprice, 
fancy.  3.  =  Ruzza. 

Ruzzola  /  (**  roteolu,  dim.  of  L. 
rota,  -v.  Ruzzare);  i.q.  Girella,  esp.  in 
sense  (i),  spinning-disk. 

Ruzzolare  ind.  ruzzolo  ;  to  roll, 
le  scale,  to  roll  down  the  stairs.     —  nel 
buio,  to  tumble  about  in  the  dark. 


Ruzzol-6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  of  -a. 
2.  great  slip  or  lurch,  Fare  il  — ,  fig.  to 
suffer  a  great  loss,  e.g.  of  prestige. 

Ruzzoldni  adv. ;  rolling.  Ando  giit 
a  —  per  tutta  la  scala,  he  rolled  down 
the  entire  flight  of  stairs. 


B,  pronounced  Esse,  m.  or  /  ;  pi. 
Essi  or  Esse. 

1.  It  is  hard  in  adjectives  in  -oso, 
and  after  a  consonant,  e.g.  Arso,  Polso, 
and  when  doubled,  and  before  a  vowel 
at  the  beginning  of  a  word.     It  is  soft 
like  the  English  z  before  b,  g,  /,  m,  «,  r, 
v,  and  before  in,  ie,  to  when  pronounced 
together.   In  the  head- words  of  this  book 
the  soft  i'  is  marked  S  where  it  seems 
desirable  to  mark  the  distinction. 

2.  In  composition  .5"  is  usually  priva- 
tive, representing  the  Latin  preposition 
ex,  out,  or  sometimes  the  Latin  prefix 
dis-,  but  it  is  frequently  intensive,  repre- 
senting the  Latin   ex  in  the  sense  of 
thoroughly,  and  also  occurs  as  a  mere 
idle   prefix   with   no   real   force,  as   in 
Strapunto.     It  thus  happens   that  the 
same    word    may   have    two    opposite 
meanings,  e.g.  Sgonnare.    • 

3.  Abbreviations:  C.S.,  come  sopra ;  S.P.Q.R., 
Settatus  pofmlusque  Ro ntanus ;  S.,  Santo,  Singolare, 
Sostantivo,   Seguente,  (tuns.)  Solo;    S.A.,  Sua  Al- 
tezza  ;    SS.,    SantUsimo,    Signori ;     SS.PP.,    Santi 
padri;  S.M.,  Sua  Maesla,  Sue  raani ;  S.P.M.,  Sue 
proprie   mani;    S.S.,  Sacra  Scrittura,    Santa   Sede, 
Sua  Santita;   S.V.  or  V.S.,  Vostra  signoria;    S  E., 
Su'  Eccellenza,  Eminenza ;  S.  E.O.,  salvo  errore  ed 
ommissione  ;   P.S.,  Pubblica  sicurez/a ;   S.U.,  Stati 
Uniti;   S.,  sud ;   S.-E.,  S.-O.,  Sud-est,   Sud-ovest; 
P,S.,  Poscritlo. 

4.  On   French  coins   an  i'   meant  the  mint  of 
Rheims,  on  Spanish  coins  that  of  Seville. 

5.  Many  woids begin  with  Sch  or  St  indifferently, 
e.g.  Schiantare,  Stiantare. 

Sa  ;  v.  Sapere. 

Sa' ;  short  for  Santo,  but  only  in  Sa'  lacopo. 

Sabadigliay*.  (Span,  cfbadslla,  dim.  of  cebada, 
barley,  a  Basque  word  of  Celtic  origin,  from  some 
resemblance  between  the  inflorescence  of  this  plant 
and  that  of  barley) ;  cevadilla,  the  seeds  of  Asaffrasa 
officinalis,*  Mexican  plant  of  the  Colchicum  family. 

Sabadiglina  /. ;  an  alkaloid  similar  to  veratria. 

Sab-aismo,  -eismo;w.;  Persian  star-worship. 

Sabaot;  Hebrew//,  of  tsaoa,  army. 

Sabatico;  Anno  — ,  the  sabbatical  (seventh) 
year. 

Sabatina  /.;  feast  on  Saturday  night. 

Sabat-0  m.  (L.,  <  Hebrew) ;  Satur- 
day. Dio  non  paga  il  — ,  lit.  God  does 
not  pay  every  Saturday,  i.e.  punishment 
of  sin,  though  it  may  be  tardy,  is  sure. 
—  non  e,  e  la  borsa  non  c'  e,  a  reply  to 
a  difficult  question  when  there  is  no 
present  need  to  answer  it,  referring  to 
the  story  of  a  Jew  who  gave  such  a 
reply  when  asked  if  he  would  stoop  to 
pick  up  a  purse  on  the  Sabbath.  Far  sera 
e  — ,  i.e.  to  come  to  a  speedy  conclusion, 
or  to  break  off  discussion.  Aff.  -mo. 

H. 


Sabaudo  ;  =  Savoiardo,  of  Savoy. 

Sabbi-a/ ;  sand.  The  term  is  rather 
more  general  than  Rena,  which  is  sand 
in  a  more  definite  sense.  Le  -e  del 
deserto,  del  mare.  La  calcina  si  fa 
colla  rena. 

Aff.  -aia  sand-pit,  -are  i>b.,  -oncello 
fine  sand,  -one  sandy  soil,  -oniccio  adj. 
of  -one,  -oso. 

Etym.  L.  sabula,  pl.t  cf>.  Gr.  i/ro/i*iot,  for 
"  ^atfttiof,  sand,  i/r<u'«,  to  grind,  and  O.  H.C1.  saitt, 
E.  sand,  <  a  Teutonic  **  samadoz ;  the  orig.  sense 
is  that  of  rubbed  down  to  powder. 

Sabeismo  :  *•.  Sabaismo. 

Sabelliano;  of  Sabellius  the  heretic. 

Sabellico ;  of  the  Sabellians,  an  ancient  people 
of  central  Italy. 

Sabina,  Savina/(L.);  (&>A)savine,/««/>«-7« 
stibina. 

*  Saborra,  Saburray^;  =  Zavorra,  ballast. 

*  Sacca  f.  (variant  of  Sacco) ;  i.  —  da 
viaggio,  travelling-bag.    2.  —  da  notte, 
bag  for  dirty  linen.     3.  =  Bisaccia,  wal- 
let, satchel.     4.  Far  la  — ,  to  pack  up 
for  a  journey. 

*i.  curve  of  a  suspended  cord.  it.  —  Insenatura, 
hollow. 

Saccaccio  m.  \  pegg.  Sacco. 

Saccaia /. :  i.  line  for  hanging  sacks. 
2.  Far  — ,  (a)  to  form  an  abscess,  or 
sinus,  *(6)  to  fume  with  suppressed 
rage. 

Saccapane  m. ;  haversack. 

*Saccardo  »t. ;  L  baggage-master,  ii.  man  of 
low  condition. 

Saccar-ato,  -ico,  -ifero,  -ificarc,  -ifica- 
zi6ne,  -imetrfa,  -imetro;  saccharate,  etc. 

Saccar-inayi;  saccharin,  -ino adj.',  saccharine. 

Saccarbleo  m. ;  syrup. 
Saccar6so  m.  ;  cane  sugar. 

Saccata/ ;  i.  sackful.  2.  area  re- 
quiring one  sack  of  seed. 

Saccent-e  m.  (variant  of  Sapiente)  ; 
wiseacre.  As  adj.,  spreg.  sapient.  Aff. 
-ello  dim.,  -eme'nte,  -en'a,  -fno  dim., 
-one  or  -ona  augnt.  spreg.,  -uzzo  dim. 

Saccheggi-are  ind.  Sacche"ggio  (It. 
Sacco)  ;  to  pillage.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atdre,  -atrice,  -o,  sbs. 

Sacchercllo  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Sacco. 

Sacchettay^;  dim.  Sacca. 

Sacchettare;  to  beat  to  death  with  sand- 
bags. 

Sacchettln-a,  -o;  dim.  of  Sacchctt-a,  -o. 

Sacchetto  m.:  dim.  Sacco,  bag,  satchel,  ta 
species  of  perch,  v.  Sciarrano  (4). 

*  Sacciamento  m. ;  knowledge, 
t  Sacciuto  ;=  Saccente. 


Sacco  m.  (L.,<Gr.  <raK  itos,  <  Hebrew 
saq,  prob.  of  Egyptian  origin);  i.  sack; 
Votare  il  —  ,  fig.  to  speak  all  one's 
mind.  2.  Far  —  ,  of  a  wound,  to  make 
a  sinus.  3.  Parare,  or  Tenere  il  —  ,  to 
be  an  accomplice.  4.  pillage,  sack. 
5.  bag-net.  6.  —  nero,  day's  chronicle 
of  crimes  and  accidents.  7.  Fare  tren- 
tun  col  —  ,  to  think  no  more  of  a 
matter.  8.  knapsack.  9.  monastic 
dress,  sackcloth.  10.  one  of  the  com- 
ponent parts  of  a  bassoon. 

Saccbccia  f.  (**  saccocula,  dim.  of 
L.  saccus}  ;  pocket. 

Saccola  /;  (fo>/.)  =  Cardamomo. 


Saccoleva  m.  ;    (mar.)   i.  sprit-sail. 

2.  small  vessel  whose  principal  sail  is  a 
sprit-sail. 

Saccomanno  /«.  (bit.  sac-coinannies,< 
Germ.  Snckmann,  now  meaning  "pil- 
lager" but  formerly  "baggage-master"); 
orig.  baggage-master,  but  now  used  in 
the  phrase  Mettere  a  —  ,  to  turn  every- 
thing upside  down  like  a  pillager. 

'Saccomazzone  /«.  ;  a  rustic  sport  of  fighting 
blindfolded  with  sacks. 

*  Saccomettere  ;=  Mettere  a  sacco,  to  pillage. 
Saccon-accio  /<#£-.  ,  -cello  -cino  dims.,  of  -e. 

Saccdne  m.  ;  i  .  mattress  stuffed  with 
leaves,  usually  of  maize.  2.  —  elastico, 
spring  mattress. 

Sacello  m.  ;  chapel. 

Sacerddt-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sacerdotal); 
priest.    Aff.  -ale,  -almente,  -essa,  Sacerdbzio. 
*Sacoma  in.  ;  =  Sagoma,  moulding. 

*  Sacra  f.  •  v.  Sagra. 

Sacramental  -e  ;    r.    sacramental.     2.    solemn. 

3.  Atto  —  ,  a  kind  of  Spanish  drama  such  as  those 
written  by  Calderon.    Aff.  •me'nte. 

Sacrament-are  ind.  sacramdnto;  to  administer 
the  sacraments  to  the  dying,  -arsi,  to  communicate. 

Sacramentario  m.  ;  i.  the  ancient  .sacramental 
ritual.  2.  in  //.,  heretics  in  regard  to  sacramental 
doctrine. 

Sacrament-o  ;;/.  ;  i.  sacrament.  2.  oath. 
3.  sckerz.  or  iron.,  Con  tutti  i  -i,  (done)  with  all  the 
proper  forms. 

Sacrare  ;  to  consecrate. 

Sacrario  m.  ;  (eccl.)  receptacle  where  the  sacra- 
mental vessels,  altar-cloths,  etc,  ,  are  placed  after  being 
*i.  sacristy,  ii.  shrine,  iii.  =Chiostro. 


used. 


Sacrato  in.  ;  churchyard. 

Sacrestia;  v.  Sa^restia. 

Sacri-ncamento,  -ficare,  -ncatdre,  -Bea- 
trice, -ficio  or  -fizio,  -legamente,  -legio  sb., 
-lego  adj.;  as  E. 

Sacripante  m.  ;  a  character  in  the 
poems  of  chivalry,  hence,  bully,  blus- 
terer. 

66 


522 

Sacro  (A)  (L.,  a.  Skeat,  sat  Sacred);   sacred. 
Morbo  — ,  epilepsy. 

*(B)  (Spanish  word,  <  Arabic  s.u/r,  a  hawk,  v. 
:eat,  •»<*  Saker);    (mil.)  saker,  a  small   piece   of 


Skl. 
artillery. 

Sacrosant-o(I..);  as  E.     AJf.  -amente. 
*Sada/(L.  sagda);  a  leek-green  precious  stone. 
•Sadirlanda;  for  Saia  d'  Irlanda,  Irish  serge. 

Saeppola   /  ;     i.     (tot.)    Canadian    fleabane, 
Erigenm  Canadttise.     2.  =  Saetta  in  all  senses,  esp. 

'*  Saeppolare  ;  i.  to  cut  a  vine  down  to  the  root, 
ii.  =  Far  alia  peggio,  to  arrange  a  thing  anyhow. 

Saippolo  til.  (etym.  unku.);  i.  sucker  from  a 
root.  2.  =  Saetta.  *  cross-bow  for  shooting  small  birds. 

Sa6tt-a  /  (L.  sagittn) ;  i.  arrow. 
2.  thunderbolt.  As  an  imprecation, 
Che  ti  piglia  la  —  !  blast  you !  3.  name 
of  a  constellation.  4.  =Stizza,  anger, 
vexation.  5.  restless  child, often  strength- 
ened by  the  epithet  macinata,  v.  Ma- 
cinare  (2)  and  (n).  6.  Una  — ,  the 
least  thing  ;  Non  fanno  — ,  they  are 
doing  nothing  at  all  ;  Non  me  ne  im- 
porta  una  — ,  I  don't  care  a  button. 
7.  Per  — ,  of  necessity,  by  force  ;  L'  ha 
dovuto  fare  per  — ,  he  was  compelled 
to  do  it.  8.  rise  of  a  projectile  in  its 
flight  ;  —  del  getto,  maximum  height 
of  trajectory.  9.  Naso  a  — ,  nose  wide 
at  the  base  and  pointed.  10.  A  — , 
zigzag,  n.  (geotn.)  sagittal  line  bisect- 
ing an  arc.  12.  church  chandelier  for 
fifteen  candles,  used  in  Holy  Week,  also 
termed  Saettia.  13.  lancet.  14.  hand 
of  a  watch.  15.  in  frame-making,  rab- 
bet-plane. 16.  (bol.)  —  di  Ercole,  = 
Erba  saetta,  arrow-head,  v.  Erba 
(118,  d). 

Aff.  -ame  quantity  of  arrows,  -amento,  -are  to 
shoot,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Saettella/;  point  of  an  auger,  boring-bitt. 

Saettia/. ;  i.  v.  Saetta  (12).  2.  (mar.) 
cutter,  gig. 

Saettiere  m. ;  archer. 

Saettile  m. ;  (arch.)  hip. 

Saettina/;  i.  dim.  Saetta.  2.= 
Saettia  (2)  but  larger. 

*  Saettol-are,  -o  ;=Saeppol-are,  -o. 

Saett6na/;  aitg-m.  Saetta. 

Saettone  m.;  i.  aagm.  Saetta.  2.  the  dart 
snake,  Anguis  jacnlus. 

Saettuzza  f.  ;  i.  dint.  Saetta  (i)  and  (13). 
2  =  Saettella. 

Safena  m.  (Gr.)l  (anat.)  :\  vein  in  the  leg. 

Saffo ;  i.  the  poetess.  2.  (ornith.)  a  Bolivian 
species  of  humming-bird,  Sparganura  Saplw. 

Saga/  (A);  northern  legend,  p.  Skeat,  sub  ax. 
*(B)(L.);  witch. 

Sagac-e  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sagacious,  Seek); 
as  E.  Aff.  -emente,  -ia  or  less  usu.  -ita. 

Sagapeno  in.  (Or.);  sagapenum,  a  fetid  gum- 
resin,  the  inspissated  juice  of  a  Persian  species  of 
Ferula,  formerly  used  in  hysteria,  etc. 

Sagena  (Segena)/  (Gr.);  seine-net. 

Saggetto  m. ;  dim.  Saggio.     *  test-tube. 

Sagg-ezza,  -iamente  ;  v.  Saggio. 

Saggi-are  ;  i.  to  assay.  2.  =  Assag- 
giare,  to  taste.  -at6ia/  ;  assay  office. 

Saggiat6re  m. ;  i.  assayer.  2.  gold- 
weighing  machine.  3.  cheese-scoop  for 
testing  cheese. 

Saggiatura/  ;  i.  assaying.  2.  streak 
left  on  the  touchstone. 

Saggiavino  m.  ;  suction  tube  for 
drawing  a  sample  of  wine  from  a  cask. 

Saggina  /  (L.  saglna,  fattening 
food)  ;  (bat.)  i.  dhurra,  .Sorghum  vul- 
!fare,a.\so  termed  Meliga,  Meliza,  Sorgo, 
Miglio  indiano.  2.  —  cannaiola,  tall 


SACRO— SALACCA 

wild  oats,  Avena  elatior,  also  termed 
Avena  salvatica,  Spargola.  3.  —  dolce, 
broom  corn,  Sorghum  sacchnratum,  also 
termed  —  da  spazzole,  —  da  scope. 
4.  —  screzlata  spagnuola,  =  Erba  nastro, 
variegated  ribbon-grass,  v.  Erba  (85). 

Sagginale  in.  ;  I.  dhurra-stalk. 
2.  (ornith.)  (a)  curlew,  Numenius  ar- 
quatus;  (b)  —  grande,  (a)  =  Piovanello 
maggiore,  knot-bird,  (/3)  =  Piropiro  bos- 
chereccio,  wood  sandpiper ;  (c)  —  picco- 
lo, =  Piovanello  pancia  nera,  dunlin. 

•Sagginare,  Saginare;  to  fatten. 

Sagginato;  i.  Pan  — ,  millet-bread.  2.  of  a 
horse,  millet-coloured. 

Sagginella  /.;  (hit.)  Yorkshire  fog,  Holctts 
lanatus,  also  termed  Bambagina,  Fieno  bianco, 
Spigo  de'  ragni,  Spigo  tondo. 

Saggino  in. ;  dint.  Saggio. 

Saggio  (A)  (bit.  sapius,  variant  of 
sapiens,  v.  Savio  and  Sapere,  cogn.  Fr. 
sage,  Provenc,.  satis,  satges,  Span,  sabio) ; 
wise. 

(B)  m.  (late  L.  exagium,  a  weight,  cp. 
cxigere,  to  judge  of)  ;  I.  assaying  of 
precious  metals.  2.  sample.  3.  critical 
essay,  article.  4.  legal  rate  of  interest. 
J.  in//.,  public  exhibitions  of  proficiency 
in  an  art.  6.  =  Saggiolo. 

*i.  =Maniera,  mode.     ii.    as  a  weight,  the  sixth 
of  an  ounce. 


Saggiblo  m.  ;  I.  dim.  Saggio. 
2.  sample  flask  of  wine.  3.  small 
gold-weighing  scales. 

•Sagina/:  seisin,  v.  Sagire. 

*  Saginare  ;  ?'.  Sagginare. 

*  Sagire ;  to  obtain  seisin  of,  from  the  mlt.  law 
term,  satire,  of  Germanic  origin,  7>.  Skeat,  sub  Seize. 

Sagittario  w.;=Arciere,  archer. 
Sagittate  ;  (bot.)  as  E. 

*  Saglire ;  —  Salire. 

*Sagnare  (Fr.  sttig'ier,  <  1Jt  satiguinare)\  to 
wound  with  a  spear. 

Sago  m.  (A)  (L.  sagtim,  word  and  thing  both 
borrowed  from  the  Gauls,  cp.  Irish  sai,  tunic,  _Ar- 
moric  sae,  coat);  Roman  soldier's  cloak,  v.  Saio. 

(B)  (Malay  word) ;  sago,  a  granulated  form  of 
starch  obtained  from  the  pith  of  several  kinds  of 
palm-tree  in  India  and  the  Eastern  archipelago. 

(C)W/.;=Presago. 

Sagola  (Sagora)  /  ;  (mar.)  any  fine 
line,  e.g.  log-line,  sounding-line,  cord 
for  hoisting  a  flag,  etc. 

Etym.  iinkn.  In  form  it  agrees  with  L.  sagulum, 
dim.  of  sagitm,  cloak,  but  the  sense  is  too  remote, 
whilst  in  meaning  it  might  be  a  variant  of  Soga, 
a.v.t  but  the  vowel-change  involved  constitutes  too 
serious  a  difficulty  in  this  direction. 

Sagoletta/;  dint.  Sagola. 

Sagoma/ ;  (arch.)  i.  profile,  section 
of  a  design,  templet.  2.  =  Modanatuia, 
moulding. 

*  =  Romano,  weight  of  a  steelyard. 

Etym.  difficult  to  trace.  It  is  the  L.  sacomtt, 
<  Gr.  <ni*w|Aa,  weight,  <  <npf6w,  to  weigh,  but 
<TTj<6(o  is  <  <njKoi,  which  properly  means  enclosure, 
though  it  has  also  the  sense  of  weight;  the  mode  of 
transition  in  the  meaning  can  only  be  guessed  at ; 
the  transition  in  Italian  from  weight  to  section  may 
be  due  to  phrases  such  as  ad  sacomti  appettdere,  to 
weigh  with  exactitude,  in  Vitruvius,  from  which 
stKvtria  may  have  come  to  mean  standard. 

Sagomare  ind.  sigomo  ;  i.  to  draw 
in  profile  or  section.  2.  to  mould,  to 
shape.  3.  to  carve. 

Sagra  (Sacra)  /  ;  festivities  com- 
memorating the  consecration  of  a 
church,  or  the  consecration  itself. 

Sagrament-are,  -o\pop.  for  Sacrament-are, -o. 

Sagrare  ;  to  curse  and  swear. 

*Sagratino;  aHtiphr.  tremendous,  excessive. 


Sagrato  m.  \  I.  profane  oath.  2.  con- 
secrated ground. 

*  Sagratone  adj. ;  tremendous. 
*Sagrazione/;  consecration. 

Sagrestana/;  i.  in  a  convent,  nun 
who  looks  after  the  sacristy.  2.  woman 
employed  as  cleaner  in  a  church. 

Sagrestano  m.  •  sacristan. 

Sagrestla,  Sacrestfa  /  ;  sacristy. 
Entrare  in  — ,  to  mix  up  sacred  and 
profane  matters. 

Sagrl  m. ;  i.  shagreen,  prepared 
shark-skin  ;  the  word  is  Turkish,  mean- 
ing the  back  of  a  horse  or  mule,  from 
which  shagreen  was  originally  made. 
2.  —  moretto,  spinous  shark,  Spinax 
niger. 

Sagrificare  ;  pop.  for  Sacrificare. 
Sagrinato  ;  resembling  shagreen. 

*  Sagrino  m  ;  =  Sagri. 

Sagrista  m. ;  bishop  acting  as  sacristan  in  the 
Papal  palace. 

Sagro;  pop.  for  Sacro. 
Sagu  in. ;  =  Sago  (BX 
tSai;  Assai. 

Saia/ ;  fine  serge. 

Etym.  Cogu.  either  to  Fr.  *M/V,=soie,  silk, 
<L.  seta,  bristle,  or  to  It.  saio,  <  L.  sagum. 

Saiacopa  (v.  snpr:t,  sub  Sa1);  Uva  — ,  grape 
which  ripens  about  St  James'  day,  at  the  end  of 
July. 

Saicca/  (Turkish  word);  saic,  a  Turkish  or 
Grecian  vessel  common  in  the  Levant. 

Saiettay:  (dim.  Saia)  ;  =  Scottino,  thin  serge. 
*Saietto?«.;  dim.  Saio. 

*  Saime  m.  (bit.  sagimen,  <  L.  sagiit<i,  fattening 
food);  lard. 

Saina  ;  pop.  for  Saggina. 

Sain£tta  /  (Span,  sainete,  delicate 
morsel,  <  L.  sagina,  v.  supra,  Saggina) ; 
piece  of  light  comedy. 

Saio  m.  (variant  of  Sago) ;  I.  doublet, 
jerkin.  2.  monastic  gown. 

*Saione  m. ;  au%m.  Saio. 

*Saiorna/;  long  gown. 

*Saiotto  w. ;  i.q.  Saione. 

Sairide  del  Camperi ;  a  species  of  pike, 
Sayris  Camperi,  locally  termed  Cristaredda,  Gas- 
todella,  Gastauriello,  Testaredda. 

Sal ;  apocope  for  Salvo.  Sal  mi  sia  ! 
Lor1  bless  me ! 

Saia/  (A)  (O.H.G.  sal,  an  abode, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Saloon) ;  hall,  large  room. 

(B)  (**axale,  <  L.   axis,    axle-tree, 
cp.    Milanese   assaa,   Venetian   assil  = 
**axile) ;  axle-tree. 

(C)  (from  the  same  root  as  L.  sa/iuii, 
the  tossing  sea,   Gr.  o-oXos,  unrest,  E. 
swell,  viz.  of  the  sea;  the  word  is  ex- 
pressive of  the  swaying  motion  of  the 
reeds) ;  (bot.)  reed,  sedge. 

Species  :  (a)  floating  bur-reed,  Sparganiuiit 
tuitans,  also  termed  Stiancia,  Sparganio  d'  acqua ; 
(b)  branching  bur-reed,  Sparganium  ramosum,  also 
termed  Stiancia,  Coltellacci;  (c)  broad-leaved  reed- 
mace,  Typha  latifolia,  also  termed  Tipa,  Mazza 
sorda,  Biodo  da  capanne,  Stiancia  ;  (d)  simple-leaved 
bur-reed,  Sparganinm  simplex,  also  termed  Biodo ; 

(e)  —    massima,  =  Carice    massima,    giant    sedge ; 

(f)  narrow-leaved  reed-mace,   Typha.  angustifolia ; 
(g)~  Carice  acuta,  slender  spiked  sedge. 

t  market-place.  Gente  di  sulla  — ,  small  trades- 
men. 

Salacca  /  (bit.  salacaccabia,  <  the 
stem  of  salsus,  salted,  and  caccabus  = 
Gr.  KwcKaflns,  cooking-pot);  I.  pilchard 
or  sardine,  v.  Sardina.  2.  rubbishy  old 
book  (fit  to  be  torn  up  into  wrappers 
for  Salacche).  3.  scherz.  or  iron,  for 
Sciabola,  sword. 


SALACCAIO— SALICILICO 


523 


Salaccaio  m. ;  =  Salacca  (2),  but 
worse. 

Salaccata  yC;   blow  with  a  Salacca. 

Salacchino  tn. ;  i.  dim.  spreg.  Salacca.  2.  poke 
given  with  two  or  three  fingers  upon  the  calf  of  the 
teg,  making  the  person  jump. 

Salaccdne  nt. ;  avgtn.  spreg.  Salacca. 

Salac-e  (L.,<  satire,  to  leap,  of  the 
male  animal)  ;  lascivious,  salacious. 
Aff.  -ita. 

'Salaiay  ;  salt-market. 

Salaiblo  in.  ;  salt-merchant. 

ti.  petty  trader,  v.  tSala.  ii.  person  of  no 
account. 

*  Salamalecche;  v.  Salamelecche. 
Salamandra  A  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)\  i.  as 

E.  2.  (fat.)  a  species  of  Daphne.  *article  made  of 
asbestos. 

Salamandrinay! ;  the  lesser  salamander,  dif- 
fering from  the  other  in  having  only  four  toes  on  its 
hind  feet. 

Salamanna  f.  (from  the  name  of  its  intro- 
ducer); a  variety  of  dessert  grape. 

Salame  »i.  (It.  sale,  with  suffix  of 
quantity) ;  I.  a  large  kind  of  salted  and 
spiced  sausage.  2.  Jig.  fool,  lout. 

Salamelecche.  Salamalecco  (Sala- 
malecche) m.  (<  three  Arabic  words  = 
peace  be  with  you)  ;  salaam.  Aff. 
Salameleccare  vb. 

*Salaminestra/^;  irregular  spreg.  of  Salamistra. 

Salamlno  m. ;  dim.  Salame  in  sense 
of  newly  prepared  sausage. 

*  Salamistra    f.    (altered    from    Sola    maeslra, 
prob.  with  attraction   from   Salamone) ;    Donna  — , 

=  Donna  saccente,  blue-stocking. 

*  Salamistrare ;  to  pretend  to  know  a  great  deal. 

Salambia  f.  (L.  sal,  salt,  muria, 
pickle) ;  brine. 

Salamdne  tn.;  variant  of  (i)  Salomone,  (2)  Sal- 
mone. 

Salangana  f.;  (ortiith.')  Java  swallow,  Callo- 
tafia,  from  the  nests  of  which  bird's-nest  soup  is 
made. 

tSalapita  /^;=Avere,  Paga,  in  the  sense  of 
blows. 

Salare ;  to  salt.  —  la  messa,  la 
scuola,  to  shirk  church,  school.  Se  la 
puo  — ,  said  of  what  will  not  suit  us  at 
any  price ;  Per  me  son  tutti  libri  che  se 
li  pub  salare,  as  for  these  books  1  will 
not  take  a  single  one  of  them.  The 
part,  is  used  familiarly  for  dear;  Cento 
lire  quest"  abito?  e  salato  davvero,  a 
hundred  francs  for  this  coat  ?  I  call  that 
pretty  stiff.  Similarly,  Pagarla  salata, 
to  pay  heavily  for  some  fault. 

Salari-o  »i.  (T<. ,orig.  money  given  to  buy  salt); 
salary.  *  board  and  lodging,  r«.  Retta  (B).  Aff.  -are 
vb.,  -ucdo  dim.  spreg. 

Salassare  (L.  sanguinem  laxare) ; 
to  bleed. 

Salasso  in. ;  i.  bleeding.    2.  lancet. 

Salat-a  / ;  salting,  -fna  /  ;  dim. 
-6io  m. ;  salting-room  in  a  cheese 
factory.  -6re  m.,  -6ra  /.;  person  who 
salts  the  cheese,  -ura  /  ;  operation  of 
salting. 

*Salatta/;=Smotta,  fall  of  earth. 

+  Salav-o  (O.H.'i.  xalmuer,  salo,  >  Fr.  sale,  cf>. 
A.S.  sain,  >K.  sallow);  dirty  white.  Aff.  -oso, 
dirty. 

Salbanda  /;  (»iiu.l  stratum  separating  a 
mineral  vein  from  the  surrounding  rock,  gangue. 

*Salce  w.;  =  Salcio,  willow. 

Salcerella/;  (hot.)  \.  willow-herb, 
I.ythrnm  salicaria,  also  termed  Sali- 
caria,  Riparella,  Spargola.  2.  =Persi- 
caria  del  Levante,  oriental  persicary. 


Salceto,  Saliceto  m.;  i.  willow-bed. 
2.  fig.  tangle. 

Salciaia  / ;  protection  to  a  river- 
bank  formed  of  intertwined  willows. 

*  i.  =  Salceto.     ii.  =  Tralciaia. 

Salciaidla  f.\  (ornith.')  grasshopper  warbler. 
Sylvia  locrtstellti. 

Salcicci-a,  -aio,  -6ne,  -6tto  ;  v.  Salsiccia,  etc. 

Salcigno  ;  i.  (wood)  knotty,  difficult 
to  work,  like  that  of  willow.  2.  fig. 
cross-grained.  3.  of  meat,  tough  ;  of 
bread,  doughy,  stodgy.  4.  made  of 
willow. 

Salcio,  Salice  (Salce) ;«.  (L.  saliceus, 
<salix);  i.  willow.  2.  willow-branch, 
withy. 

Varieties  of  willow :  (a)  —  bianco,  or  lombardo, 
white  willow,  Salix  alba,  also  termed  Vetrice, 
Vetriclone.  Salicastro,  Salice  da  pertiche  o  da 
forche ;  (£)  —  da  ceste,  osier,  Salix  viwinalis,  also 
termed  Hrillo,  Vetrice,  Vinco,  Salcio  da  paniere ; 
(<•) — dalle  foglie  di  mandorlo,  almond-leaved  willow, 
Salix  amyrdalina ;  (d)  —  giallo,  yellow  willow, 
Salix  viteUina,  also  termed  Vincaie,  —  da  legare, 
—  greco ;  (f)  —  piangente,  weeping  willow,  Salix 
babylonita ;  (f)  —  polare,  polar  willow,  Salix 
folaris;  (ff)  —  rosso,  bitter  purple  willow,  Salix 
purffjtrea  ;  (h)  —  de'  tintori,  crack  willow,  Salix 
fragilis,  also  termed  —  gentile;  (i)  —  de'  fiuini,  or 
(ielle  ripe,  sweet  bay  willow,  Salix  pentandra,  also 
termed  Salicone,  Vetrice  da  cestelli. 

Salciublo  in. ;  withy. 

Salcrautte  m. ;  sauerkraut,  v.  Sar- 
craut. 

Salda  A ;  i.  starch-water.  2.  field 
left  in  grass  during  the  winter  to  pro- 
vide spring  pasture.  3.  a  genus  of  field- 
bugs,  Reduvius.  4.  an  endless  loop  of 
cord  forming  part  of  a  ropemaker's 
apparatus. 

Saldame  m. ;  sand  thrown  by  a 
smith  on  hot  iron  to  prevent  its  oxida- 
tion. 

Saldam^nte;  firmly. 

Said-are    (L.    solidare,   v.    Salcio)  ; 

1.  to  join  firmly,  as  mortar  or  cement. 

2.  to  solder.     3.  to  make  more  solid,  as 
iron   by   hammering.     4.    to   settle   an 
account  by  payment.     5.  -arsi,  to  heal 
up.     *to  stiffen.     Aff.  -amento. 

Saldatdio  m. ;  soldering-iron. 

Saldatura /. ;  i.  soldering.  2.= 
Lega,  solder.  3.  —  di  terzo,  solder  of 
two  parts  of  silver  to  one  of  copper. 
4.  —  dolce,  soft  solder,  used  for  solder- 
ing copper  to  brass.  5.  --  autogena, 
soldering  two  pieces  of  lead  or  similar 
metal  with  a  solder  made  by  melting 
the  same  metal.  6.  —  di  ferite,  the 
closing  of  wounds  by  cicatrising. 

Salde'zza  /  :  i.  firmness.  2.  solid 
piece  of  homogeneous  mineral ;  Di 
questo  granito  bigio...le  maggiori  sal- 
dezze  che  si  trovino,  sono  nell'  isola 
dell'  Elba...,  of  this  grey  granite,  the 
largest  sized  specimens  that  are  to  be 
found  occur  in  the  island  of  Elba. 
*In  — ,  in  sober  earnest. 

Saldo ;  i.  solid,  without  cracks. 
2.  of  fruit,  good  for  keeping.  3.  firm, 
stiff.  4.  fig.  solid  (argument),  firm 
(courage),  strong  (constitution).  5.  Capo 
— ,  v.  Caposaldo.  6.  Mettere  in  —  una 
cosa,  to  clear  up  all  doubts  about  it. 


7.  as  st>.,  settlement  of  an  account  ; 
Ricevuto  a  — ;  settled  in  full;  in  //., 
squaring  up  of  accounts  between  land- 
lord and  tenant  when  the  rent  is  par! 
in  kind. 

*i.  firmly  closed.  ii.  (wine)  that  will  keep 
iii.  real  (property),  iv.  Sta*  — ,  =  Sta'  zitto,  be 
quiet,  v.  In  sul  — ,  or  Sul  — ,  indeed,  really, 
vi.  sb.  seriousness. 

Etynt.  Either  syncopated  for  Saldato,  or 
directly  from  L.  solidus.  Saldare  is<  L.  solidare, 
as  appears  from  its  having  the  meaning  of  settling 
an  account,  L.  solidarf  rationcs  (in  Ascanius),  and 
therefore  from  solidits  indirectly.  The  change  from 
the  o  of  solidare  to  the  a  of  Satdare  is  unusual,  though 
instances  of  al  passing  into  an,  o  are  not  rare,  L. 
salvus  >  Kr.  savf,  L.  saltum  >  Fr.  saut,  L.  talpa  > 
It.  topo. 

Sale  tn,  (L.  sal,  cogn.  Gr.  a\s,  Rus- 
sian soli,  Welsh  hallt,  Germ.  Salz,  E. 
salt,  and  allied  forms  in  many  other 
languages,  from  a  primitive  said)  ; 
i.  salt.  2.  Vendita  di  — ,  place  licensed 
for  sale  of  salt.  3.  fig.  mother-wit, 
shrewdness  :  Aver  —  in  testa,  to  be 
judicious.  4.  Pigliare  il  — ,  to  learn 
sense,  cease  to  be  a  child.  5.  wit, 
humour.  6.  Dolce  di  — ,  simple,  silly. 
7.  Dar  sapore  al  — ,  iron,  to  think  one- 
self very  clever.  8.  Non  ci  metter  su 
ne  —  n§  olio,  i.e.  to  offer  no  suggestion, 
to  express  no  opinion  either  way. 
9.  Restare,  Rimanere  di  — ,  to  be 
dumbfounded,  lit.  turned  into  (a  pillar 
of)  salt.  10.  Prestarsi  il  —  1'  un  1'  al- 
tro,  to  give  mutual  help.  ii.  Mani- 
carsi  1'  un  1'  altro  col  — ,  to  hate  each 
other.  12.  Li  (sc.  i  miei  quattrini)  puo 
metter  nel  — ,  he  may  put  them  by, 
i.e.  he  will  get  no  more  money  from  me 
(because  1  shall  deal  no  more  at  so 
expensive  a  place).  13.  Bisogna  man- 
giare  un'  altro  po'  di  — ,  i.e.  there  is  a 
good  bit  more  to  be  done,  before.... 
14.  (pharm.')  —  d'  Inghilterra,  catartico 
or  amaro,  Epsom  salts,  sulphate  of  mag- 
nesia. 15.  —  prunella,  7'.  Salprunella. 

*i.  In  questo  paese  ci  farebbe  il  — ,  in  this  district 
one  could  produce  salt,  i.e.  it  is  very  fertile,  ii.  — 
indiano,  cane  sugar,  iii.  the  sea,  D.  Par.  2.  13. 
tiv.  scherz.  for  a  little  boy's  shirt  coining  out  from 
his  clothes;  Mettiti  i]  —  dentro,  tuck  your  shirt  in. 

*  Salebroso ;    stated  by   Kanfani  to  mean   Sal- 
mastro,  though  L.  salebrvsus,  <  satire,  means  rough, 
jolting. 

tSaleggiola,  Salleggiola/;  (A»/.)  =  Acetosella, 
sorrel. 

*  Salenti  ))t.f>l.\  ancestors. 

Salep  tn.  (Turkish,  <  Arabic  sahleb,  orchis); 
starch  from  the  dried  tubers  of  Orchis  mascula, 
and  other  species  of  orchis. 

Salesiana  ;  belonging  to  the  Sisterhood  of 
St  Francois  de  Sales. 

Saletta  /.;  (A)  dim.  Sala,  hall.  *(B)  dim. 
Sale,  poor  salt. 

*  Salettiera/;  =  Saliera,  salt-cellar. 

Salgemma  tn. ;  rock  salt. 
Saliare  ;    i.   of  the  Salii,  priests  of 
Mars.     2.  costly. 

Saliato ;  office  of  the  Salii. 
Salibile;  climbable. 

Silica  /  ;  (bat.)  round-leaved  willow,  Salix 
capraea. 

*  Salicale  m  ;  willow-bed. 

Salicaria/T;  (bol.)  willow-herb,  7'.  Salcerella. 
Salicastro,  Saligastro  ;;/. ;  (/•«/.)  white  willow, 
r'.  Salcio  (a). 

*  Salicato  m. ;  =  Selciato,  pavement. 
Salicchio  m. ;  (bitt.)  a  sedge,  Cat-ex  vesicaria. 

Salice  ///. ;  v.  Salcio. 
Salice'to  ;  v.  Salceto. 

*  Saliciata  f. ;  =  Selciato,  pavement. 
Salicil4to/«.;  as  E. 

Salicilico  :  (rhrm.)  salicylic  (acid),  v.  Salicina. 

66—2 


524 


SALICILOSO— SALSICCIONE 


SaliciWso;  (pharm  )  Aciilo  — ,  an  extract  from 
the  flowers  of  the  meadow-sweet,  Spiraea  vtmaria. 

Salicina/:  (p/iarm.)  snlicin,  extract  from  the 
bark  of  the  willow  or  poplar. 

Salico  ;  Salic  (l.iw),  excluding  women  from  the 
throne.  *  as  j&,  =  Salcio,  willow. 

Salic6ne  in. ;  (hot.)  broad-leaved  willow. 

Salicdrnia /;  (tat.)  i.  —  erbacea,  glasswort, 
Salicomia.  kerbacea.  2.  —  legnosa,  shrubby  salt- 
wort, Salicomia  /rvticosa,  also  termed  Bacicci. 

Saliente ;  as  E. 

Salier-a  _/.  ;     salt-box,     salt-cellar. 

*  salt- works. 

Aff.  -e'tta  or-ina  dim.,  -uccia  sprrg.,  -ona  augm. 
Salifero ;  containing  salt. 
Saligastro ;  j>.  Salicastro. 
Saligno;   i.    of  marble,  turning  damp  in  wet 
weather.      2.    (stone)   with   an   appearance   of  salt. 

*  made  from  willow. 

*  Salimbacca  /.  ;    i.    small  saucer-shaped   piece 
of  wood  for  receiving  the  seal  on  bags  of  salt  or 
other  merchandise,     ii.   disk  pendant  from  a  patent 
of  privilege,     iii.  wooden  bowl. 

Salimento  m.\  rising.     *  =  Esaltamento. 

*  Salimpanco  tn. ;--  Saltimbanco,  juggler. 

Salfna  / ;  salt-works.  *  i.  crude 
salt.  ii.  salt-cellar. 

Salin-aggio  in.\  work  of  extracting  salt  from 
brine,  -aio  in.;  owner  of,  or  workman  in,  a  salt- 
works. *-are;  adj.  of  Salina.  *-aro  m.:  hawker 
of  salt.  -ar61o  or  -at6re  tn. ;  i.q.  -aio.  -atura  or 
-azidne/!;  work  of  preparing  salt. 

*  Salincerbio,  Salincervo  m.  (It.  salire,  cervo) ; 
a  boy's  game,  ?•.  Biccicalla. 

tSalmcone  m.;   spreg.,-Casa  grosso,  lungo  e 
secco. 

Salindia/ ;  (hot.}  the  shrub  generally 
called  in  English  syringa,  Philuiielplius 
coronarius,  also  termed  Gelsomino  della 
Madonna,  Salinga,  Seringa,  Fior  Angi- 
olo.  The  name  is  a  corruption  of  Gr. 
(TvpiyS,  a  reed,  because  the  stems  were 
used  for  making  Turkish  pipes. 

tSalingardo  tn.  ;=Scombro  macchiato,  a  species 
of  mackerel. 

Salino  ;  i.  salt.  2.  as  sb.,  (bot.)  the 
central  part  of  the  flower-tuft  of  the 
reed-grasses,  v.  Sala  (C). 

Salio;  i.q.  Saliare  (i),  priest  of  Mars. 

Salire  ind.  salgo  sali  sale  salghiamo 
salite  siilgono,  or,  less  commonly,  salgo 
salisci  salisce  saliamo  salite  salgono, 
perf.  salii  salisti,  subj.  saiga,  or,  less 
commonly,  salisca,  fut.  saliro,  parts. 
salendo  salente  or  saliente  sail  to  (L., 
root  sal,  cp.  Gr.  aXXo/iat,  to  jump)  ; 

1.  to   rise.     2.    to   amount.     3.    to  go 
upstairs.     4.    to  raise. 

*  Obsolete  forms:    ist  pres.  ind.  saglio  saggo  01' 
salio,  2nd  sagli  or  sai,  3rd  saglie:    imftrf.  sagliva, 
ft.  salavam ;   perf.   IRt   salsi,  3rd    saline  or  saletle, 
<flnd.  ist  saghrei  or  sarrei,  3rd  sarria ;  fitt.  sarn>, 
part,  salluto. 

*  Obsolete  uses  :  i.  —  giu,  to  climb  down.     ii.   — 
in  greco,  to  grow  proud,     iii.  —  TJscire,  to  go  out. 

Saliscendi  m.  inded.  (It.  salire, 
scendere)  ;  i.  going  up  and  down. 

2.  fig.  Fortuna  fa  de'  — ,  Fortune  has 
her  ups  and  downs.     3.   door-latch. 

*Saliscen-do  or  t-dolo  »».;=  Saliscendi. 
Salistio  m. ;  (&>/.)=  Sala,  reed. 

Salit-a/. ;  ascent.  Aff.  -accia/tegg-., 
-(na  dim. 

*  Salitoio  ?n. ;  ladder  or  other  means  of  climbing. 
•Saliunca  /.   (L.)  ;   (tot.)  probably   Valtriana 

iiltica,  an  aromatic  species  of  valerian. 

Saliv-a  (Scialiva,  Sciliva)  f.  (L.,  apparently 
from  a  root  meaning  slippery,  v.  Walde);  as  E. 

Aff.  -ale  or  -are  adj. ,  -are  ?•£.,  -aturio  promoting 
salivary  secretion,  -azi(Sne  as  E. 

*Sallacciare  ;  =  Salassare,  to  bleed, 
t  Salleggiola  /. :  =  Saleggiola,  sorrel. 
*Sallia/;  =  Saliva. 

*  Salluto  ;  fart.  Salire. 


ma,  -Clate  L.  sagma,  =  Gr.  crayon,  pack- 
saddle,  <m'<TTia,  to  pack  tight);  I.  heavy 
burden.  2.  corpse.  3.  (poet.}  living 
body  regarded  as  the  burden  borne  by 
the  soul. 

*  i.  armour,  ii.  (mar.)  a  measure  of  capacity, 
varying  with  locality  and  period,  iii.  =TonneIlata, 
ton. 

Salmarino,  Salmerino  m. ',  char  (fish),  Salnio 
vmbla. 

Salmastra  y! ;  (mar.)  a  synonym  for  Baderna, 
q.v.  —  del  viratore,  nipper  for  securing  the  grip  of 
the  "  messenger"  on  the  cable.  Guglielmotti  derives 
the  term  from  Sagola  maestra. 

Salmastraia  J.  :  =  Terra  salmastrosa,  briny 
country. 

Salmastrare  ;  (war.)  to  make  fast  with  sennits. 


Salmastr-0  ;    rather  salt, 
brackish. 


(Acqua) 


h'.Iyni.  L.  saltnacitius  (  >  **  salmastrus,  cp.  Fr. 
sniiini'itre),  <  **  salma,  =  Gr.  aA/uij,  sea-water,  and 
acidus,  the  Greek  aspirate  being  replaced  by  an  s 
as  in  sat. 

Salmastroso  ;  briny. 
•Salmata/.;  tirade. 

Sahneggi-are  ind.  salme'ggio  (It. 
salmo)  ;  to  sing  psalms.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atore,  -at  rice. 

Salmeria  /  (It.  salma)  ;  baggage- 
train. 

Salmerino  ;  r.  Salmarino. 

Salmi  in.  (Fr.)  ;  (cook.)  stew,  salmi  of 
game.  The  French  word  is  contracted 
from  Satmigondis,<\l&\.  salami  conditi, 
?'.  Skeat,  sub  Salmagundi. 

Salmisia  ;  v.  Sal. 

Salmista  ;//.  ;  (A)  psalmist.    *(B)=Salamistra. 


Salm-o  m.  (L.  psal»ius,<Gr.  \ 
to  twitch,  esp.  to  twitch  a  harp-string)  ; 
psalm.  Prov,  (a)  of  things  which  always 
have  the  same  end.  T1  ha  chiesto  an- 
cora  quattrini  ?  Tutti  i  -i  finiscon  in 
gloria,  did  he  ask  you  for  money  again  ? 
that  was  sure  to  be  the  end  of  it 
(b)  Alia  fin  del  —  si  canta  il  gloria, 
i.e.  everything  should  be  said  before 
the  decision  is  arrived  at. 

*  i.  I.'  aula  devota  a]  —  ,  i.e.  the  Church,  ii.  -i 
geometrici,  iron.  of  things  too  precisely  measured 
and  regulated,  iii.  Dite  i  -i  !  an  answer  made  by 
one  who  declines  to  do  a  thing  because  he  does  not 
know  how. 

Salmodi-a  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.  ^aA^wflm,  < 
\^nX/iiif  and  w8r/,  a  song);  i.  singing  of 
the  psalms.  2.  arrangement  of  the 
manner  of  singing  them. 

Aff.  -are,  i.q.  Salmeggiare,  -co  ti*tj. 

Salm6ne,  Sarmdne  (Salamone)  ///. 
(L.,  akin  possibly  to  salire,  to  leap,  or 
to  root  of  saliva,  from  its  slipperiness)  ; 

1.  salmon.     2.  (mar.}  —  di  ferro,  kent- 
ledge, pig-iron  ballast. 

Salmone-o;  Poeti  -i,  after  the  manner  of  Sal- 
moneus,  who  was  hurled  into  Tartarus  by  Jupiter 
for  trying  to  imitate  lightning. 

Salnitr-o  m.  (?/.  Nitro)  ;  saltpetre. 

Aff.  -aio  maker  of  saltpetre,  -ale,  -ato  or  -oso 
containing  saltpetre. 

Saloncino  tn.  ;  dim.  Salone. 

Salone  t>:.\  a«gm.  Sala,  hall. 

*Salotta/;  =  Saletta,  small  hall. 

Salottino  tn.  ;  study,  boudoir. 

Sal&tt-o  m.  ;  parlour.  Aff.  -uccio 
(//;//.  spreg. 

Salpa  f.  ;    i.    a    genus   of    tunicate   molluscs. 

2.  gold-line  (fish),  v.  Boba  (2). 


Salina/ (variant  of  Soma,<**ja«-  Salpare    (Sarpare) ;     i.    (mar.)    to 


weigh    anchor,  hence    2.   generally,   to 
set  out. 

Etyin.  ditl>.     Two  suggestions  are  forthcoming: 

(1)  from  Diez  :  "Cogn.  Wallachian  sttrptl,  Span, 
and  Portug.  zarfar,  Fr.  sarfer,  to  heave  the  anchor. 
Muratori   refers   to   Gr.   apva^m,   to   snatch,  but   it 
would  be  preferable  to  look  to  e£aptra£u>,  to  snatch 
out,  which   is   also  an   actual    word.     The   passage 
from  an   initial  cf  or  f  to  a  simple  s  is  paralleled 
in  Saggio,  Sarte,  Sesta.     A  Greek  derivation  is  ren- 
dered more  probable  by  the  existence  of  the  word  in 
Wallachian. 

(2)  from  Kurting:  "  Sarp-o,  -ere,  to  scratch  (?), 
to   prune ;   from   the  stem  sarp-  of  this  verb  were 
developed   presumably  i.    a  st>.  ** sarpa,  thing  for 
scratching,  >  Fr.  sarfe,  serpr,  gardening  knife,  Span. 
zarpa,  claw,  paw,  2.  a  verb  **  sarpare,  to  seize  with 
the  paw,  or  hand,  as  the  case  might  be,  particularly 
to  ^et  hold  of  by  separate  jerks,  e.g.  a  rope  which 
had  to  be  wound  up  or  an  anchor  to  be  raised,  > 
Hal.  sarpare,  salpare,  to  raise  the  anchor,  Roumanian 
sur/'i'i,  Fr.  server,  Catalan  xerper,  Span,  and  Portug. 
zarpar."     He  proceeds  to  refer  to  Diez's  derivation 
without  commenting  on  il.     If  Korting's  derivation 
is  correct  a  simpler  theory  of  Sarpare  would  be  to 
suppose  that  **  snrpa  was  applied  to  the  fluke  of  an 
anchor,  from  its  shape,  for  words  similar  to  Sarpa 
occur  in  several  languages  with  the  sense  of  sickle, 
viz.   Gr.  apmj,  Lettish  sirpe,  old   1'ulgarian  srtipii, 
Polish  sierp,  Russian  serpu.     Sarpare  would  then 
be  to  do  the  needful  to  the  anchor  Hukes,  i.e.  raise 
the  anchor. 

Salpettina/.;  Him.  Salpa  (2). 

Salping-ite  J\  (Gr.  (roAn-tyf,  trumpet);  (iited.) 
inflammation  of  the  Eustachian,  or  of  the  Fallopian 
tubes,  -o  adj. ;  pertaining  to  one  of  these  tubes. 

Salprunelia  _/. ;  (phann.)  a  mixture  of  nitrate 
and  carbonate  of  potash. 

Salsa  /  (L.  salsus,  salted,  part,  of 
salio,  to  salt,  v.  Sale) ;  i.  sauce.  2.  in 
pi.,  a  place  of  punishment  outside  Bo- 
logna. 3.  —  di  S.  Bernardo,  scherz., 
hunger.  4.  the  mud  and  gas  volcanoes, 
also  termed  Vulcani  d'  aria,  which  are 
found  in  various  places ;  amongst 
others  Salsuolo  near  Modena,  whence 
the  name. 

Salsamentario  m. ;  =  Pizzicagnolo, 
pickle-seller. 

*  Salsament o  fit. ;  very  salt  sauce. 

Salsapariglia/.  (Span.  zarzaparilla,<zarza, 
bramble,  perhaps  <  Basque  sartzia,  and  Parillo,  the 
name  of  a  physician  who  first  prescribed  the  drug) ; 
(hat.)  t.  sarsaparilla,  the  rhizome  of  several  species  of 
Sttiila.r,  chiefly  imported  from  South  America  and 
Mexico.  2  —  nostrale  enropea,  =  Smilace  spinoso, 
routjh  climbing  bindweed.  3.  — >  di  Germania,  = 
Carice  arenaria,  sand-sedge. 

Salse'dine  / ;  i.  saltness.  2.  skin 
eruption  attributable  to  excess  of  salt 
in  the  tissues. 

Salsedin6so;  v.  Salsedine  (2). 
Salsefrica/.;  v.  Salsifi. 

Salserella  /  (dim.  Salsa) ;  fig.  for  a 
matter  of  minor  importance. 

Sals6tt-a/  ;  dim.  of  Salsa,  delicious 
sauce.  Aff.  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

Salsetto  adj. ;  dim.  of  Salso. 
*Salsezzay. ;  saltness. 

Salsi;  contr.  of  Sa  il  si,  he  knows  it,  ///.  knows 
it  for  himself,  D.  Pnrg.  5.  135. 

Salsicc-etta  or  -ina  y!;  dim.  Salsiccia. 

Salsicc-ia  /  (either  <  bit.  salcitia, 
with  a  variant  salsifies,  sausage,  <  L.  sal- 
sus or,  less  probably,  <  L.  sals-us,  and 
instcia,  minced  meat,  <  insecure,  to  cut 
up) ;  i.  sausage-meat.  2.  string  of 
sausages  ;  Legarsi  le  viti,  or  le  vigne, 
colle  -e,  i.e.  to  live  amidst  great  abund- 
ance, luxuriously.  3.  =Salsicciuolo,  a 
single  sausage.  4.  (mil.)  powder-bag 
shaped  like  a  sausage. 

Salsicciaio  m. ;  sausage-maker. 

Salsiccidn-e  «/.,  -a  / ;  augm.  Sal- 
siccia. 


I 


SALSICCIOTTO— SALVIETTA 


525 


Salsicci6tto  m.  ;  i.  long,  thin  kind 
of  sausage.  2.  fleshy  outgrowth  on  the 
surface  of  the  body.  3.  sausage-like 
bunch  of  wool  for  spinning. 

Salsicciudlo  w.  ;  sausage,  also  termed 
Rocchio. 

Salsiera/  ;  sauce-boat. 


Salsifi  in.',  ((W.)  I.  salsify,  Trugopogon  porri- 
folius,  also  termed  Salsefrica,  Sassefrica.  2.  — 
de'  prati,  =  Barba  di  becco,  yellow  meadow  goat's 
beard,  v.  Barba  (27,  b,  ft). 

Etym.  Apparently  borrowed  from  Fr.  salsifis, 
itself  a  corruption  of  Ital.  salsefrica  or  Sassefrica,  the 
form  of  which  would  seem  to  suggest  that  it  is  a 
variant  of  sassifraga,  but  Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetler 
regard  its  origin  as  unknown. 

Salsifino  m.\  a  variety  of  salsify. 

Salso  (L.  salsus,  part,  of  salio,  to 
salt,  v.  Sale)  ;  I.  adj.  salt.  2.  s6.  salt- 
ness.  3.  heat  pimples. 

SalsiMa  f.\  salt-wort,  v.  Erba  (64). 
Salsuggin-e/;=Salsedine(i).     Aj/f.  -oso. 

Salsume  in.  ;  i.  spreg.,  pickles. 
2.  saltness. 

*  Salta  m.  ;  officer  of  the  Onesta  in  the  Florentine 
republic,   a   board    responsible   for    public   morality 
(l$th  century). 

Saltabecca  f.  ;  green  grasshopper, 
Locusta  viridissima,  also  termed  Ca- 
valletta  verde,  Mangiapere,  Saltaca- 
valla. 

Saltabeccare  ;  to  skip  like  a  grass- 
hopper. 

*  Saltabellare  ;  to  keep  skipping. 

Saltacavalla/  ;  v.  Saltabecca. 

*  Saltacchione;  A  —  ,  skippingly. 
Saltaccio  m.  ;  pegg.  Salto. 

Saltafbssi  m.  iiuiecl.  ;  i.  gig.  2.  any 
broken-down  looking  vehicle. 

Saltaledne  m.  (It.  saltare)  ;  spring 
made  of  thin  brass  or  other  wire  coiled 
in  a  very  fine  spiral. 

tSaltamacchioni  m.;  a  powerful-looking  rough. 

Saltamartino  m.  ;  i.  child's  short 
frock.  2.  =  Misirizzi,  toy  tumbler  or  any 
other  kind  of  jumping  toy.  3.  (mil.) 
light  piece  of  artillery. 

*  Saltambarcayl;  i.  seaman's  cape.    ii.  woman's 
cloak. 

*  Saltambarco  »/.  ;  peasant's  rough  cloak. 

Saltamiadd6sso  adj.  ;  scherz.  of  one 
who  expects  good  things  without  work- 
ing for  them. 

*  Salta  mindosso  tn.  ;  any  poor  kind  of  garment. 

Saltanse'ccia  /    (Saltancicci    m.)  ; 

1.  (ornith.)    whin-chat,    v.    Stiaccino. 

2.  fig.  gossiping  woman. 

Saltare  (L.,/my.  of  so/to,  to  leap)  ; 
i.  to  jump,  to  skip.  2.  —  in  aria,  to 
be  blown  up.  3.  —  il  grillo,  la  mosca, 
or  il  moscerino,  to  lose  one's  temper  or 
to  be  seized  with  a  sudden  whim. 

Saltarillo;  v.  Salterello. 
•Saltaria/I;  v.  Faggia. 

*  Saltarizzo;  (horse)  trained  to  jump. 
Saltarupcy^;  an  antelope,  Oreotragtis  taltator, 

also  known  by  its  native  Abyssinian  name  Sassa. 
tSaltasecce  w.;  =  Saltanseccia. 

Saltatoia  f.  ;  surface-net  stretched  behind 
another  for  mullets  to  jump  into. 

Saltatdio  m.  ;  perch  of  a  bird- 
cage. 

Salt-at6re,  -at6ra  or  -atrice  dancer, 
esp.  rope-dancer,  -atorio  adj.  ;  v.  -are. 

Saltell-ame'nto  m.  ;  v.  -are.     -are  ; 


freq.  of  Saltare.  -fno  m.  sub-dim,  -o 
m.  dim.,  of  Salto.  -6ne  m. ;  augm.  of 
-o.  -6ni  adv. ;  with  great  clumsy  skips. 

•Satterella/;  locust. 

Salt erellare  ind.  salterello ;  dim.  freq.  of 
Saltellare. 

Salterello  (Saltarello)  ;//. ;  i.  dim. 
Salto.  2.  a  sort  of  cracker ;  paper  with 
a  little  gunpowder  rolled  up  tight,  so  as 
to  jump  on  being  set  fire  to.  3.  (nuts.) 
(a)  striker  of  a  pianoforte  string. 
*(b)  three  notes,  of  which  the  second 
was  half  the  time  of  each  of  the  other 
two,  used  in  a  Furlana,  q.i>.  4.  striker 
in  any  kind  of  mechanism.  5.  a  variety 
of  mite.  6.  a  kind  of  dance. 

Salteretto  m. :  dim.  Salterio  (i). 

Salterio  (Saltero)  m.  (L.,  <  Or.  f  «X- 
Trjptov,  v.  Salmo) ;  i.  psalter,  psalm-book. 
2.  psaltery,  a  kind  of  harp  used  by  the 
ancient  Jews.  3.  book  containing  a  few 
psalms  for  teaching  children  to  read. 
*nun's  veil. 

Saltett-ino,  -o  ;  sub-dim.,  dim.t  of  Salto. 

Salticchiare  ;  =  Saltellare,  to  skip 
about. 

Saltimbanco  ///.  (It.  saltare,  in, 
banca) ;  mountebank. 

*  Saltimbarca  /.;  any  rude  kind  of  garment. 

Saltimpalo  m.  (It.  saltare,  in,  palo);  (ornitli.) 
stone-chat,  Saxicolti  rubicola,  also  termed  Pizza- 
cardi,  Saltimpunta,  Saltinselce  moro,  Sassicola  mora. 

Saltinselce  m.'t  v.  Saltimpalo. 

Saltinsence  or  Saltinvanghile  m.,  =  Stiac- 
cino, whin-chat. 

Salt-o   m.  (A)   (L.  saltiis,<salio)\ 

1.  a  jump;   —  di  vento,   shift  of  the 
wind  ;  —  mortale,  complete  somersault. 

2.  -i  di  un  fiume,  rapids.     3.  weir. 

*(B)  (L.  saltus,  not  the  same  as  saltus, 
a  jump,  but  of  unknown  origin) ;  glade 
in  a  forest. 

Saltuari-o  ;  proceeding  by  jumps. 
Ajf.  -ame'nte. 

Saluberrimame'nte  ;  superl.  at/it,  of  Salubre. 
Salubr-e;  healthy.     Ajf.  -eminte,  -itX 

Salum-aio  m.\  salt-provision  dealer. 
-e  m.;  salt  provisions,  -iere  m. ;  Li- 
gurian  term  for  -aio. 

Salunta/  (It.  sale,  unto);  slice  of 
toast  flavoured  with  salt  and  garlic  and 
dipped  in  fresh  oil. 

Salut-are  adj.  or  vb.  (L.,<sa/MS,  health,  T. 
Salvo) ;  as  E.  Safutameto,  ///.  salute  it  for  me,  i.e. 
I  prefer  not  to  speak  of  it.  *As  sit. ,  saviour.  Aff. 
-ature,  -atrice,  -aturio,  -azionc. 

Salut-eJC  (L.,  v.  Salvo);  j.  health.     z.  safety. 

3.  salvation  (of  the  soul). 

*i.  salutation,     ii.  well-being,  weal,  D.  Par  28.  67. 

iii.  seat  or  abode  of  heavenly  bliss,  D.  Par.  14.  84 

and  22.   124. 

Aff.  -evole,  i.q.  -are,  -evolme'nte,  -ifero. 
Salut-o  m. ;  salutation.     Aff.  -tfne  augm, 
Salva/I;  i.  volley,  as  a  salute.     2.  i.q.  Matri- 

cina,   young   shoot.     *Far  la  — ,   to  use  a  thing 

previous  to  its  use  by  its  owner. 

Salvacond6tto  m. ;  safe-conduct. 
Salvadan-aio,  -aro  m.  •  money-box. 

•Salvafiaschi  ;«.;  i.  hamper,     ii.  cellarette. 
*Salvagabbie  m.;   (mar.)  iron,  for  marvellous 
fellow. 

Salvagente  ;//. ;  i.  life-belt,  life- 
buoy. 2.  street  refuge  in  a  crowded 
crossing. 

Salvaggf-na  /,  -lime  m. ;  =  Sel- 
vaggina,  game. 


Salvaggio;  =  Selvaggio.  *=Greggio. 

Salya-guardare  ;  to  safeguard.  Aff. 
-guardia. 

Salv-am6nte  ;  v.  Salvo. 

Salvamdnto  m.\  \.  saving;  Battello 
di  — ,  life-boat;  A  — ,  safe  and  sound. 

2.  (mus.)  resolution  of  a  discord. 

Salvare ;  i.  to  save.  2.  --  una 
condizione,  to  reserve  a  condition. 

3.  =Serbare,  to  put  away  for  future  use. 

4.  Salvando  la  grazia  di  Dio,  or  ellipti- 
cally    Salvando,  as   a   sort  of  ironical 
expression  of  emphasis ;  Un  pane  che, 
salvando  la  grazia  di  Dio,  pareva  un 
sasso,  a  loaf  which,  but  that   I   would 
not  limit  the  mercies  of  God,  I  should 
call  a  stone ;  Pareva  una  casa  al  diavolo, 
salvando,  it  looked  like  the  devil's  own 
house,  but  the  mercies  of  God  are  in- 
finite. 5.  Salvando  salvorum,  i.e.  barring 
one  or  two  little  defects;  Salvando  sal- 
vorum non  era  un  cattivo  ragazzo,  he 
was  not  a  bad  boy  on  the  whole.     The 
genitive  plural  salvorum  is  used,  with- 
out grammar,  for  the  roundness  of  its 
suffix  ;    cp.    Latinorum.      6.    Salvo    la 
differenza,  lit.  I  preserve  the  difference, 
i.e.  you  are  making  an  impossible  com- 
parison. 

"Salvaroba  f.',  \.   wardrobe,     ii.  pantry. 

Salvastrelfa  (Selbastrella)  f.  (dim.  <  L.  sil- 
vestris;  for  change  of  /'  to  a  cp.  salvatico  from 
sikxiticus) ;  (Ac/.)  i.  pimpernel,  Potfrittn  san- 
guisvrba,  also  termed  Bibinetla,  Menoncello,  Pinipi- 
nella,  Veilutiui.  2.  —  maggiore,  burnet,  Sanguisorba 
ojfficitialis,  also  termed  Meloncello,  Sanguisorba. 

Salvataggio  m. ;  (mat:)  salvage. 

*  Salvatella  /.\  one  of  the  veins  in  the  hand. 
Salvatic-accio ;   pegg.   of   -o.      -arc ;    to  be 

boorish,    -hello,  -h£tto  ;  dims.  vezz.  of  -o.    -h£zza 
f.\  v.  -o.     -ina /!;  =  Selvaggina. 

Salv-atico,  pi.  -atici  or  -atichi  (L. 
silvaticus,  <  silva,  v.  Silvano)  ;  wild, 
savage. 

Salvatic-6ne  adj,\  augm.  of -o.  Aff.  -onaccio 
f'gg. 

Salvaticume  m. ;  i.  in  cultivated 
plants,  wildness,  character  more  or  less 
like  that  of  the  corresponding  wild 
species.  2.  quantity  of  game. 

Salv-at6re  m. ;  i.  saviour.  2.  salvor. 
Aff.  -atrice,  -azione. 

Salvauomini  ;//.  indecl.\  life-buoy. 
*Salvavoce  /«.;  sounding-board,  v.  Echeo. 
Salve  !  Latin  word,  hail ! 

Salveregfna;  a  prayer  to  the  Virgin,  so  be- 
ginning. 

*  Salvetta  / ;  =  Salvietta. 

Salve'zza/ ;  safety. 

Silvia/.  (L.,  <salvus,  from  a  belief 
in  the  medicinal  virtues  of  the  plant) ; 
(bot.)  i.  —  coltivata,  sage,  Salvia  offi- 
cinalis.  2.  —  di  Spagna,  Spanish  sage, 
Salvia  Hispanorum.  3.  —  affricana, 
African  flea-bane,  Tarchonanthus  cain- 
phoratus. 

Salviato  ;  seasoned  with  sage. 

Salvi6tt-a  f. ;  —  Tovagliuolo,  nap- 
kin. Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Etym.  The  Fr.  strvictte,  It.  salvietta  and 
Span.  serviUeta,  all  meaning  "  napkin,'1  make  a  group 
of  somewhat  irregular  formation ;  there  are  difficulties 
in  referring  them  either  to  L.  servire  or  snlvare. 
The  Italian  word  seems  borrowed  from  French, 
with  alteration  by  attraction  from  Salvare,  the  native 
Italian  for  "napkin"  being  Tovagliuolo.  Korting 
accordingly  suggests  that  from  old  Fr.  serve,  maid- 


526 


SALVIGIA— SANTONICO 


servant,  a  dim.  ** servette  was  formed,  altered  later, 
after  the   disappearance   of  the   word   serve,   under 
attraction  from  servir  and  service,  into  serinette. 
*Salvigia/;  =  Salvezza,  safety. 

Salv-o  ;  (A)  i.  safe;  Fare  a  — ,  Lq. 
Salvare  la  messa,  to  play  for  love,  i>. 
Messa  (B,  i);  Sconfiggere  il  nemico  a 
man  -a,  to  rout  the  enemy  without  loss, 
if.  Mano  (64);  —  il  vero,  to  the  best  of 
my  belief ;  —  errore,  unless  I  am  mis- 
taken ;  —  P  onore  della  vostra  parola, 
without  at  all  questioning  your  word ; 
—  disgrazia,  barring  accidents  ;  —  che, 
except  that ;  —  visita  or  —  visita  e 
verifica,  on  approval.  2.  as  sb.,  con- 
dition, reservation. 

Etym,  L.  sahnts,  cogn,  Gr.  oAo?,  entire,  < 
**o-6A/b«,  Sanskr.  sarvas,  entire,  root  sol',  set:  sle ; 
cp.  E.  silly,  Germ.  stligt  v.  Skeat,  sub  Silly,  Walde, 
sub  Safous. 

t(B)  dirty,  v.  Salavo. 

Salvorum;  v.  Salvare  (5). 

Samara/.;  elm-seed. 

Samb£cco;  ^>.  Sciabecco. 

*  Sambra  / ;  variant  of  Camera,  room. 
*Sambuca/  (L.,<Gr.,<  Aramaic);  i.  (mus.) 

sambuke,  probably  a  kind  of  harp.  it.  =  Cornamusa, 
bag-pipe,  iii.  an  apparatus  of  ropes  for  lowering  a 
gangway  from  a  tower  of  attack  on  to  the  wall  of  a 
besieged  city,  so  named  from  its  appearance  re- 
sembling a  harp. 

*Sambucato;  flavoured  with  elder. 

Sambuchella  f. ;  elder  flowers  or  berries. 

Sambuchino  adj.;  of  elder. 

*  Sambucina  /.;  player  on  the  Sambuca. 
Sambuco  m.  (L.  snmbwus  or  sabucus;  Walde 

suggests  kinship  with  L.  sapa%  juice,  sapio,  to  taste 
of);  (bat.)  i.  —  comune, elder-tree, Sanwuc-us nigra. 
2.  —  acquatico,  guelder-mse,  I'ibunivm  opulus,  also 
termed  Rosa  di  Gueldre.  3.  —  erbaceo,  =  Ebbio, 
ground-elder.  4.  —  dell'  Alpl  da  bacche  rosse,  red- 
berried  elder,  Sambiicits  racetnosa,  5.  —  nero  del 
Canada,  black-berried  Canadian  elder,  Snmbncus 
Canadensis. 

*  Sambudello  m.\    black   pudding  made  from 
the  ox. 

*  Sameto  w.;  =  Sciamito. 

Sampiero,  Sanpiero;  i.  adj.  of  a  variety  of 
fig  or  plum  ripening  about  St  Peter's  day,  June  29, 
2.  sb.  John  Dory  (fish),  v.  Pietro  (a). 

Sampogna  f.\  var.  of  Zampogna,  shepherd's 
pipe. 

San  ;  short  for  Snnto. 

Sanabil-e;  curable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Sanale  »*.  (contr.  of  **  Sagginale) ;  maize-stalk. 

Sanamente;  healthfully,  sanely. 

San -are;  to  cure.     AJf.  -ativo,  -attire,  -atrice. 

Sanat6ria  f.\  (leg.)  decree  of  indemnity  or 
legitimisation  of  some  executive  action. 

Sanatorio  m.;  sanatorium.  As  adj.,  v.  Sana- 
toria. 

fSanchetto  m.  ;  =  Rombo  di  grutta,  top-knot 
(fish). 

Sane-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <  santtits,  ?-.  Skeat, 
sub  Sacred);  to  confirm. 

Sancolombano  ;  name  of  a  variety  of  vine 
and  grape. 

Sancta  sanctorum  m.\  holy  of  holies. 

Sanctificetur ,  v.  Santificetur. 

Sanctus;  (eccl.)  the  point  at  Mass  where  the 
priest  begins  the  consecration,  the  "  preface  "  ending 
with  the  word  Sancins  thrice  repeated. 

Sanculdtti  m.  pl.\  the  sans-culottes,  lit.  the 
breechless,  a  term  applied  by  the  Court  party  to  the 
democrats  at  the  beginning  of  the  French  Revolution. 

Sandalino  «;. ;  i.  dim.  Sandalo.  2.  v.  Sando- 
lino. 

Sandalo  m.  (A)  (L.  sandalum,  <  Gr.  o-diraAoi', 
<  Persian  chandal,  <  Sanskr.  (and ana,  root  fatid, 
brightness);  (bot.)  i.  Legno  di  —  bianco,  white 
sandal-wood  tree,  Sautalnm  album.  2.  —  citrino, 
Sandwich  islands  sandal-wood,  Siintalitnt  Freyci- 
nettianum. 

(B)  (L.  sandalium,  <  Gr.  aacSoAioi',  a  wooden 
sole  bound  to  the  feet  with  straps,  of  Persian  origin) ; 
sandal,  «/.  one  of  felt  for  wear  in  a  powder  factory. 

(C)  (Gr.  crapJuAof,  also  of   Persian  origin  and 
prob.  a  variant  of  o-a^oAtoc) ;  (mar.)  hoy  or  sandal, 
a  long  narrow  barge  for  transporting  heavy  goods 
between  ship  and  shore. 

Sandolino,  Sandatino  ;//.  (dim.  Sandalo,  C); 
(mar.)  light  canoe. 

Sandracca  (Sandraccia,  Sandraca,  Sandaracca) 
f.  (L.  sandaraca,<GT.  o-acSopaKij,  red  sulphuret  of 
arsenic,  <  Persian  sandar,  -fk  being  the  Persian 
diminutive,  cp.  Sanskr.  sindura,  red  lead  ;  the  L. 
and  Gr.  words  also  meant  bee-bread);  i.  sandarak, 


a  friable  whitish  resin  from  the  Callitris  quadri- 
valvis  of  Mogador,  a  tree  very  like  a  Thuja;  the 
pounded  resin  is  termed  pounce,  and  is  used  to 
prepare  paper  or  parchment  for  writing  upon. 
2.  (chem.)  realgar,  red  sulphuret  of  arsenic.  3.  bee- 
bread,  the  pollen  of  flowers  collected  by  bees  for 
their  grubs. 

Sandracchiera  /. ;  pouncet-box,  v.  San- 
dracca (i). 

*  Sandrone  m.\  a  carnival  club  at  Modena. 

*  Sanea/^;  a  word  used  by  Vasari  for  coast-line. 
Tommaseo  ant!   Bellini  suggest  derivation  from  Gr. 
(jui'j'o*  (which   would   drop  the  /  in  the  future  and 
aorist),  to  fawn  upon,  comparing  the  Livornese  term 
Battigia,<Baltere,  line  to  which  the  waves  come  up. 

Sanese ;  Sienese. 

Sanfedista ;//.;  (hist.)  The  Sanfedisti 
were  a  religious  political  society  sup- 
porting the  Pope  and  the  old  r^ime  in 
Modena  and  other  parts  of  Italy  in  the 
early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century ; 
the  name  is  from  that  of  Esercito  della 
santa  fede,  given  by  Cardinal  Ruffo 
(1744 — 1827)  to  his  troops. 

Sanfirenzino ;  i.  belonging  to  the  Fathers  of 
the  Oratory  at  Florence.  2.=  Bacchettone,  bigot. 

Sanfrianino;  inhabitant  of  the  S.  Fredianoor 
S.  Friano  quarter  of  Florence. 

t  Sanghelle;  (Prender)  a  — ,  —  a  cavalluccio. 

Sangiacc-ato.  -o  m.\  s;mdjak.  -o  is  also  tin- 
governor  of  a  sandjak,  province  in  Turkey.  The 
word  is  Turkish  and  orig.  meant  standard,  flag. 

Sangimignano  ;  a  place  in  Tuscany,  or  the 
vine  grape  or  wine  grown  there. 

Sangiovanni;  i.  ;i  variety  of  apple.  2.  Erba 
— ,  St  John's  wort,  r».  Erba  (127,  a). 

Sangiove'se,  Sangioveto ;  a  variety  of  black 
grape. 

t  Sangozzatore  »/.;=  Palombaro,  diver. 

*  Sangria  /^;  =  Salasso,  bleeding. 
Sanguaccio  nt.\  Pfgg.  Sangue. 
Sanguccio  (pronounced  as  deriv.  of  Sangue, 

i.e.  with  the  sound  of  an  English  iv  in  the  middle) 
m. ;  dint,  spreg.  Sangue. 

Sangue  ;//.  (L.  sanguis)\  i.  blood. 
2.  Latte  e  — ,  ?/.  Lane  (15).  3.  Non 
avere  il  suo  —  con,  to  dislike  ;  Sara 
bravo,  sara  dotto,  ma  io  non  ci  ho  il 
mio  — ,  he  may  be  a  most  excellent 
man  and  clever  too,  but  somehow  I 
have  no  liking  for  him.  4.  II  —  non 
e  acqua,  blood  is  thicker  than  water. 
5.  (bot.)  Albero  da  —  di  dragone,  dragon- 
tree,  i'.  Drago  (3). 

t  Sangu6tta  f.  ;=  Coppetta,  cupping-glass. 

*  Sanguidotto  m.\  blood-vessel. 
Sangui-fero;  blood-carrying,    -ficare  ;  to  make 

blood.     AJf.  -ficatore,  -ficatrice,  -ficazione. 

Sanguignay.;  (win.)  i.  red  iron  ore,  red  hae- 
matite. 2.  blood-stone. 

Sanguigno  ;  of  blood.  Diaspro  — , 
blood-stone. 

Sanguinaccio  w/.  ;  =  Roventino, 
black-pudding. 

Sanguinare  ind.  sanguino  ;  to  bleed. 

Sanguinariay?;  (hot.)  i.  blood-root,  puccoon, 
Sanguinaria  Canadensis.  2.  =Sanguinella. 

Sanguinario ;  as  E. 

Sanguine  m. ;  (bat.)  —  maschio,  cornelian 
cherry,  7.  Corniolo. 

Sanguinella,  SanguinariayC;  (bot.)  i.  woolly 
man's  beard-grass,  v.  Piede  (18,  p).  2.  a  species  of 
panic  grass,  Panicum  ciliare. 

Sanguinello  m.\  (bot.)  i.  cornelian  cherry,  r-. 
Corniolo.  2.  red  dogwood,  Corrius  sanguineu.  3.  — 
maggiore,  red  finger-grass,  Digitaria  sanguinalis. 

Sanguineo ;  blood-stained. 

Sanguinerbla./;  minnow,  Leuciscusphaxin-us, 
locally  termed  Gatorusola  senza  cresta,  Bressanella, 
Fregarola,  I>anfresca,  Varone. 

Sanguinolent-e,  -o  ;  i.  dripping  blood. 
2.  mixed  with  blood.  3.  -sanguinary. 

Sanguin6s-o  ;  bloody,  fig.  ferocious.  AJf. 
-amente. 

Sanguis6rba,/;(/w/.)burnet,p.  Salvastrella(2). 

Sanguisugay?;=  Mignatta,  leech. 
*Sanicare;  to  restore;  intr.  to  recuperate. 

Sanicola  f. ;  (bot.)  i.  sanicle,  v.  Erba  (45). 
2.  —  di  montagna,  granulated  saxifrage,  Saxifraga 
grnnitlata. 

Sanie/  (L.)  ;=Marcia,  pus. 


Sanit-kyi;  i.  v.  Sano.  2.  sanitary 
board,  or  its  place  of  business,  Aff. 
-ario. 

*  Sanmisia ;  for  Santo  mi  sia,  ?'.  Sal. 

*  Sannayi;  — Zanna,  tusk. 
Sannitico;  Samnite. 

*Sannitrio  ///.  ;  =  Salnitro,  saltpetre. 

Sanno;  3ril//.  of  Sapere. 
*Sannuto;  v.  Sanna. 

Sano  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.} ; 
i.  healthy,  sound.  2.  (bot.)  Fieno  — , 
sainfoin,  z/.  Lupinello  (i,  a). 

Sanoneno  di  Levante  m. ;  (bot.)a.  leguminous 
plant,  Alhagi came lomnt. 

Sanpiero;  v.  Sampiero. 

Sanrocchino;  v.  Sarrocchino. 

Sansa,  Sanza  /."  (L.  sampsa,  a  foreign 
word  in  L.  occurring  in  Columella  ;  it 
has  no  equivalent  in  the  Romance  lan- 
guages other  than  Italian);  i.  pulp  of 
crushed  olives.  2.  the  thin  inner  pel- 
licle of  a  chestnut. 

Sanscritista  /«.;  Sanskrit  scholar. 

Sanscrito  ///.  (Sanskr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sanskrit); 
Sanskrit,  the  Easternmost  branch  of  the  Indoger- 
manic  languages,  the  old  literary  language  of  India. 
t  SansIna,A;  =  Sansa  or  Sansino. 

Sansimonista  m.  ;  adherent  of  Saint-Simon 
the  French  socialist. 

Sansino  m. ;  the  residue  after  re- 
crushing  the  Sansa.  Olio  — ,  the  inferior 
oil  so  obtained. 

*  Sansognay".;-Sassonia,  Saxony. 
Sans6ne  m,\  Sampson. 

*  Sansuco  w.;~Maggiorana,  marjoram. 

*  Sansuga  f.',~  Sanguisuga,  leech. 

Santabarbara  /  (from  St  Barbara 
as  patron  saint  of  artillery-men,  from 
her  association  with  a  tower) ;  (mar.) 
powder-magazine. 

Santacrdce/;  i.  holy  cross.  2.= 
Crocesanta,  alphabet.  3.  one  of  the 
Florentine  churches. 

*  Santagio  ;«.;  sleepy  fellow. 
Santamaria  f. ;    i.   (bot.)  costmary,  r.   Erba 

(?3i  c)-     *•   Uccello  — ,  king-fisher,  v.  Pescatore  (3). 

*  Santambarco;  v.  Saltambarco. 
Santamente;  adv.  of  Santo. 
Sant-arello,  -erello  ;  dim.  iron.  Santo. 

Santeggiare  ind.  sant^ggio ;  to 
swear. 

*  Santetena  /.;   a  coin  current    in   Italy  in  the 
Middle  Ages. 

Santelmo;  ?-.  Elmo(B). 

Santerellin-a/,  -o  m.\  dim.  iron.,  y.  San- 
tarello. 

Santermo;  v.  Elmo(B). 

*  Santese //;. ;  i.  sacristan,  sexton.     Also  as  adj.'. 
ii.  =  Bacchettone,  hypocrite. 

*  Santessa/!;=  Beghina,  hypocrite. 
Santinc-amento,     -are,      -ativo,      -atdre, 

-atrice,   -azione  ;   sanctification,  etc. 

Santificetur  as  sb.;  pop.  for  Santerello. 

*  Santifico  m. ;  saintly  man. 
Santim6ni-ay^;  sanctimoniousness.    Aff.  -ale. 

*  Santinfizza  m.\  religious  hypocrite, 

Santino  m.  \  \.  small  image  of  a 
saint.  2.  iron,  hypocrite. 

SantippeyT;  Xanthippe,  the  wife  of  Socrates, 
as  type  of  a  scold. 

Santitay^;  holiness. 

Sant-o  (L.  sanctns,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sanction); 
i.  holy;  Erba  -a,  a  variety  of  snuff;  Rientrare  in 
— ,  of  a  woman  to  be  churched.  2.  as  sb.,  saint. 
3.  (bot.)  Legno  — ,  v.  Lcgno  (7).  4.  Corpo  — ,  a 
quarter  in  the  city  of  Milan.  *old/*«rA  Sancirc. 

Sant6cchi-o  ;//. ;  bigot.  Aff.  -ena  sb. 

*  Santoccio;  =  Sciocco,  silly. 
*Santola/;  ?-.  Santolo. 

Santolina  f.\  botanical  name  of  a  genus  of 
shrubs. 

*  Santolo  w.;  =  Compare,  godfather. 
Santbne  m.\  i.  ang>n.  or  iron.  Santo.     2.   Ma- 
hometan saint. 

Santdnico  m. ;  (bot.)  wormwood,  Artemisia ; 
the  Italian  term  is  from  the  Santones,  a  people  of 


SANTONINA— SARMENTOSO 


527 


Aquitania,    whose   name   occurs    also    in    the    place 
known  as  Saititongt* 

Santonina  f.\  (p/tarm,)  santonin,  extract  of 
Artemisia  santonica. 

Santor^ggia,  SaturMa  or  Savoreg- 
gia  (L.  satureia,  cp.  Fr.  sarrielte,  Portug. 
saturagem,  Germ.  Saturei)  ;  (hot.)  sum- 
mer savory,  Satureia  hortensis,  also 
termed  Savoreggia  domestica,  Acciu- 
garia.  Dar  di  —  a  un  lavoro,  to  set 
about  it  heartily. 

Santuarip  »i.  (L.);  sanctuary. 
tSantucchiare;  =  Inquietare,  Bestemmiare. 
'Santula./;  godmother. 

*  Santura  f.  \  noly  thing. 

*  Santusse  w. ;  sanctimonious  person. 
*Sanviceto  m. ;  =  Sangiovese. 

Sanza/:;  v.  Sansa.     •  =  Sen/a. 
tSanzatayC;  oil  from  a  second  crushing. 

*  Sanziare  ;  =  Statuire,  to  establish. 

San/ion -are  ind.  sanzidno  (L.,  v.  Santo);  to 
sanction.  AJf.  -e. 

*  Sanzo  m. ;  an  old  card  game  resembling  Pri- 
miera. 

Sapa  f.  (L.,  v.  Sapere);  unfermented  grape. 
juice  boiled  down  to  the  consistence  of  honey  :  the 
E.  term  for  any  such  fruit-juice  is  Rob.  *  Per  — , 
=  Per  soprassello,  into  the  bargain. 

Sapaio  HI.  :  =  Mostaio,  vine  producing  a  very 
juicy  grape. 

*Saperde  m.  (L.  ,<Gr.);  a  species  of  herring. 

Sapere  ind.  so  sai  sa  sappiamo 
sape'te  sanno,  imperf.  sapevo  sapevi  or 
pop.  sapdi...,  ptrf.  seppi  sapdsti  seppe 
sapemmo  sapeste  seppero,  subj.  sappia, 
fut.  sapro,  fond,  saprei,  parts,  sapiente, 
saputo  (L.  sapio,  orig.  to  have  a  fla- 
vour, hence,  to  have  good  sense  ;  root 
sap,  flavour,  cp.  O.H.G.  int-sebjan,  to 
perceive  by  taste,  A.S.  sefa,  insight, 
L.  sapa,  boiled  down  juice) ;  i.  to 
know.  2.  to  be  able  ;  Parola  delta  e 
sasso  tirato  non  sanno  tornare,  the  word 
that  has  been  spoken,  like  a  stone  that 
has  been  thrown,  cannot  come  back  ; 
Sa  parlare  I'  italiano,  he  can  speak 
Italian.  3.  Non  voler  —  di,  to  refuse 
having  anything  to  do  with.  4.  Mi  sa 
male  che...,  I  regret  that...  ;  Mi  sa 
mill'  anni  che  torni  il  babbo,  I  do  so 
wish  father  would  come  back.  5.  Non 
—  piii  la,  to  be  only  an  ignorant  person. 
6.  So  per  molto,  or  di  molto,  iron,  an 
angry  way  of  saying  I  do  not  know  at 
all.  7.  to  taste  ;  fe  una  vivanda  che 
non  sa  di  nulla,  with  no  taste  at  all  ; 
II  latte  sa  di  forte,  the  milk  tastes  sour. 

8.  fig.  Sa  di  scimunito,  he  is  rather  a 
fool  ;    Saper   bene,   to   seem    pleasant. 

9.  Fare  il  saputo,  to   put   on   airs   of 
wisdom.      10.    Fossi    saputa   prendere, 
if    I    could    have   managed   to   find   a 
husband. 

*  Obsolete    or   popular    forms   (from    Petrocchi) : 
ist  fres.  ind.  soie  saccio  sapo  savo  sazzo,  2nd  sapt 
sascl  savi,  3rd   sape,    ist  //.  sapemo  satno  sapianio, 
2nd  //.  sabete  sate  sape',  3rd  pi.  sano  sapono,  ist  //. 
imperf.  sapavamo,  3rd  Jut.  saperra,  ist  pi.  saperimo 
saperemo,  ist  cotid.  saperrei,  3rd  saperebbe  savria, 
and  //.  sitbj.  sacciatc,  imperative  sing,  sappie  sappa, 
pi.    sappate,    infinitive   savcre,  gerund  sappiendo. 
Contracted  forms:  sollo=lo  so;  sallo  or  sal  =  lo  sa ; 
sanlo  -  lo  sanno  ;  sasselo,  sallosi  or  salsi  =  se  lo  sa,  he 
knows  it  (for  himself). 

*  Sapevole  :  i.  knowable.     ii.  knowing. 
*Sapido(L  );  =  Saporito,  well-flavoured. 

Sapient-e  ;  wise.     Aff.  -emtfnle. 

Sapientino  m. ;  undergraduate  (at  Rome  or 
Pisa). 

Sapient6ne ;  augm.  Sapiente. 

Sapienza  /;;  i.  wisdom.  2.  the  universities 
of  Rome  and  Pisa  were  formerly  so  called. 

*  Sapienziale  adj. ;  of  the  book  of  Wisdom  in  the 
Apocrypha. 

Sapindo  m. ;  (opt.)  Supindus,  a  genus  of 
tropical  plants. 


Sapon-aceo;  soapy,     -aio  m. ;  soap-maker. 

Saponaria  f.',  i.  (hot.)  soapwort,  Saponaria 
offtcinalis.  2.  —  Indiana,  soapberry  tree,  Sapindus 
saponaria,  also  termed  Noce  saponaria.  3.  soap- 
stone. 

Saponata  / ;  i.  lather.  2.  soapy- 
water. 

Sap6ne  in.  (L.  sapo,  <  Germanic 
**saipon,  a  gradation  of  **seipan,  to 
trickle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Soap,  and  infra 
Sego)  ;  soap.  -  tenero,  soft  soap. 
Lavare  il  capo  a  uno  senza  — ,  to  give 
him  a  good  scolding. 

'Saponella/;  (<W.)  =  Saponaria,  soapwort. 

Saponerfa/;  soapworks. 
Saponetta/  ;  piece  of  toilet-soap. 
Saponiera  A ;  soap-dish. 

Saponific-are,  -azionc  ;  as  E. 
Saponite_/;  Cornish  soap-stone. 

Saponoso  ;  soapy. 

Sap6r-e  m.  (L.,  root  sap,  v.  Sapere)  ; 
flavour.  *  sauce. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg. ,  -etto  or  -mo  dints,  vezz.,  -ire 
i<b. ,  -itamente  adv.,  -itino  dim.  vezz.  or  iron,  of -ito, 
•ito  with  good  flavour,  -osamente  adv.,  -o"so  =  -ito. 

Sapotiglia/7  ;  (hot.)  sapodilla  plum,  the  fruit  of 
Sapota  ackras. 

Sappano  m. ;  (hot.)  sappan-wood  tree,  v.  Cesal- 
pinia. 

Sappiente ;  strong-smelling  (oil). 

Saputa  f. ;  knowledge,  generally  in 
the  phrase  A  mia,  tua,  ecc.  — .  Cose 
che  le  so  per  — ,  things  which  I  know 
by  hearsay. 

Saputello  in. ;  i.q.  Saccentino. 

Sara  f. ;  (geogr.)  the  river  Saar,  a  tributary  of 
the  Moselle.  *  =  Pesce  sega,  saw-fish. 

Sarabanda  /  (v.  Skeat,  sub  Sara- 
band) ;  I.  a  stately  Spanish  dance. 
2.  a  slow  pace  in  horse-training. 

Saracca  ./. ;  =  Salacca,  pilchard  or  sardine. 
Saracchio  m.;  (tat.)  a  reed,  Antmlo  nuifela- 
dtsnws. 

SaracCO  m.  (**serrni:eus,<'L.  serra, 
a  saw);  pad-saw,  a  kind  of  short  saw. 
-  a  costola,  back  saw.  -  a  punta, 
keyhole  saw. 

Saracenico  attj. ;  Saracen. 

Saraceno  :  Gran — ,  i.  =  Granturco, 
maize.  2.  =  Fagopiro,  buckwheat. 

*  Saracinare  ;  of  ripening  grapes,  to  turn  black. 

*  Saracinato ;  of  coins,  stamped  with  a  Saracen 
figure. 

Saracinesca  (Seracinesca,  Saracina) 
f.\  i.  portcullis.  2.  sluice-gate.  3.  door- 
bolt  which  fastens  of  itself  when  the 
door  closes,  as  in  an  ordinary  street- 
door. 

Etym.  The  primary  meaning  is  portcullis,  and 
the  word  may  be  derived  from  Saracino,  cp.  Fr. 
herse  sarrasinet  heraldic  portcullis,  if  this  sort  of 
fortification  had  any  special  connection  with  the 
Saracens,  hut  there  is  no  history  of  this  forthcoming. 

Saracin^sc-o  ;  i.  Saracen  (manners 
or  language).  2.  Toppa -a  =  Saracinesca 
(3)-  3-  P°rta  -a,  sluice-gate. 

Saracino  (mlt.,  <  Arabic  sharqin, 
pi.  of  sharqiy,  eastern,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.~);  Saracen.  Gran  —  ,  =  Granturco, 
maize.  As  sb.,  wooden  figure,  to  be 
tilted  at.  Essere  il  —  di  piazza,  to  be 
the  mock  of  everybody.  *of  grapes, 
?'.  Saracinare. 

tSaracu;  r.  Sargo  (2). 

•Saraffo  ;«. ;  i.  an  Alexandrian  coin.  ii.  money- 
changer. 


*Saragiayl;  var.  ofCiliegia,  cherry. 

*  Saragli ;  will  be  there,  D.  Par.  25.  124.    V.  Gli. 

*  Sarago ;  v.  Sargo. 
tSaragu  ;  v.  Carace. 

*  Saraino  ;  var.  of  Saracino. 
*Sarament-are ;    to  swear,     "-o  w/.;  =  Sacra- 

mento. 

Sarcasmo  m.  (L.,<Gr.  (mpjcd£o>,  to  bite  the 
lips  in  rage);  as  E.  Aff,  Sarcastic-anrntote,  -o. 

Sarcnia;  z>,  Sarte. 

Sarchi-agi6ne  _/!;=-atura.  -amento  /«.;  v. 
-are. 

Sarchi-are  ;  to  weed,  -ata  / ;  a 
single  weeding,  -atore  ?;z.,  -atora  /  ; 
vbsbs.  -aturay>,  weeding,  or  season 
for  it.  -ellare;  to  weed  a  little,  -ellfno 
m. ;  sub-dim.  -fcllo  m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 
-o  ///. ;  hoe.  -olino  //;.,  -oncello  /«., 
dims,  of  -o. 

Etym.  L.  sarcitliitn,  dim,  from  the  root  ser 
seen  in  sario,  to  hoe,  cf,  Sanskr.  serni,  sickle, 
struts,  driving  hook  for  elephants,  the  primary 
sense  being  that  of  the  curve  in  the  tool,  v,  Walde, 
sub  Sarculutn,  Sarjo,  Sarpio,  and  cp,  supra,  Salpare, 
etym.  (2). 

*Sarcin-a/  ([,.,<  the  stem  of  sarcio,  to  patch 
lip,  mend,  orig.  to  sew  together,  hence  sarcina, 
neatly  tied  up  bundle) ;  package,  burden.  Aff. 
*-ula  dint, 

*Sarcire;  to  over-adorn. 

•Sarcocolla  f.  (Gr.);  a  gum  resin  anciently 
used  in  surgery ;  this  cannot  have  been  obtained 
from  the  plant  now  termed  SarcocolU  by  botanists, 
which  is  purely  South  African. 

Sarcdfago  m.  (Gr.);  tomb. 

Sarcdfilo  ;«.;  kangaroo-weasel,  Dasyurus. 

Sarcraut,  Salcrautte  (Saulcraut)  m.  (Germ.); 
sauerkraut,  pickled  cabbage. 

Sarcula_/I;  a  Bolognese  variety  of  grape. 

Sarda  /  (A)  (Gr.,<Sardis  in  Lydia);  (min.) 
sard,  a  deep  red  variety  of  chalcedony.  (B);  =  Sar- 
della, sardine. 

Sardagata  f.  ;  (mitt.)  sardachate,  a  kind  of 
agate  containing  layers  of  sard. 

Sardella;  v.  Sardina. 

tSardena  yC;  =  Alosa,  shad.  fSardenna;  v. 
Sardina. 

Sardico;  Sardinian. 

•Sardigna/;  i.  =  Sardegna,  Sardinia,  ii.  a 
place  outside  the  Porta  S.  Frediano  of  Florence 
where  carcases  were  skinned. 

Sardfna/(L.,<Gr.);  i.  pilchard,?/.  Pilciardo. 
2.  sardine,  Ctufea  sardina,  locally  termed  Sardella, 
Sardenna,  Pen^atore,  Sardone,  Saracca,  Salacca. 

•Sardino,  Sardio,  Sardone,  Sardonico,  Sar- 
donio  w.,  or  SardonicayC;  old  variants  of  Sar- 
donice. 

Sardo ;  Sardinian. 

Sardbne  ;«.;  ti.  sardine,  v.  Sardina.  *ii.  sar- 
donyx. 

Sard6nia  /.  (L.,  <Gr.  <rap&6viov) ;  — ,  or  Erba 
— ,  celery-leaved  crowfoot,  RanuMulus  sceltratus, 
said  to  screw  up  the  face  of  the  eater,  see  Virgil, 
Eel.  7-  41- 

Sarddnice  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Sardis,  the  city, 
and  ocvf);  sardonyx. 

Sard6nic-o  (L.,  v.  Sardpnia);  as  E.  *?/.  Sar- 
dino. Aff.  -amcnte. 

*  Sarepollare;  =  SaeppoIare. 

*  Sargano  m.  (variant  of  Sargia) ;  coarse  canvas. 
Sargasso  m.\  (hot.)  gulf-weed,  Sargassum. 

Sargia,  //.  Sarge,  f.  (L.  serica,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Serge)  ;  i.  bed-coverlet, 

2.  flowered  stuff  for  curtains. 

*  Sargiaio  m.\  curtain  painter,  v.  Sargia  (2). 
*Sargi-ato;    flowered.      *-erc    m.\    maker  of 

Sarge. 

*Sarginay:;  i.q.  Sargano. 

Sargo  m.\  i.  —  anulare,  a  species  of  gilthead 
(fish),  Sargus  annularis,  locally  termed  Nlaridola, 
Sparetto,  Sparlo,  Esperlin.  2.  —  del  Rondelizio, 
Stirgus  Rondelttii)  locally  termed  Sparo,  Saracu. 

3.  _ —  del  Salviani,  Sargus  vulgaris,  locally  termed 
Spizzo,  Sparp,  Sargou  rascas,  Varatulu.     4.  a  genus 
of  dipterous  insects.     t».  Carace. 

SarigayC;  the  opossum  family  of  animals. 
Sarissa  /  (Gr.);  the  ancient  Macedonian  spear. 
Sarissdforo  /«.;  Macedonian  spearman, 
t  Sarmentatura  f.\  collecting  Sarmenti. 

Sarm&ito,   Serm^nto    m.   (L.,   for 

**sarpmentum,<sarfiere,  to  prune,  cp, 
Gr.  npTrr/,  sickle) ;  vine-branch,  either 
alive  or  after  being  cut  off  from  the  stem. 


Sarmentoso  ; 
lateral  shoots. 


free  in  throwing  out 


528 


SARNACCHIO— SBADIGLIARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Sass-0  m.  (L.  saxum,  root  sue:  sec,  to 
cut,  cp.  O.H.G.  sahs,  knife,  old  Scand. 
sax,  knife,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning 
was  "  stone  knife  ");  i.  stone.  2.  Olio 
di  — ,  petroleum.  3.  Distinguere  il 
pan  da!  -i,  i.e.  right  from  wrong,  ?/. 
Pane  (31).  4.  Essere  alia  porta  coi  -i, 
to  be  just  finishing,  //'/.  to  have  done 
the  stones  (built  the  city  wall)  as  far  as 
the  gate.  5.  II  Gran  —  d'  Italia,  the 
highest  peak  of  central  Italy. 

Sassofrasso  m.\  v.  Sassafrasso. 
Sassola  (Sessola)  f.    {ftym.    uttktt.);    (mar-.) 
scoop,  bailer. 

Sassolino  m. ;  dim.  Sasso,  pebble. 

Sassdne  m. ;  augm.  Sasso.  Sas- 
sone  ;  Saxon. 


*  Sarnacchio  w.;  =  Sornacchio,  thick-spitting. 
Sarno;  (bootm.)  Spago  — ,  shoemaker's  thread. 

tSarpa/;  gold-line  (fish),  v.  Boba  (a). 

*  Sarpare  ;  v.  Salpare. 

*Sarria;  =  Salirebbe,  v.  Salire. 

SarroccMno,      SanroccMno     m.  ; 

1.  pilgrim's    cloak    made    of    waxed 
cloth.     2.   short  coat  for  children. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  sarroc,  a  long  cloak,  soldier's 
cloak,  <.sar-o,  armour,  and  roc,  coat;  saro=Gothic 
sanua,  neut.  /*/.,  A.S.  searo,  armour;  for  roc,  z1. 
Skeat,  siib  Rochet  and  last  two  lines  of  Frock. 
The  form  Sanrocchino  is  presumably  due  to  popular 
etymology  from  St  Roch. 

Sarta_/l;  tailoress,  dressmaker. 
*Sartagine_/T  (L.) ;  frying-pan. 

Sarte,  Sartie,  Sarzie,  or  Sarchie 
(Sarti)/.  pi.  (late  Gr.  ffa/ww,  rigging, 
Cp.  Gr.  *£apri'f<i>,  to  fit  out,  •<  nt/mor, 
ready  ;  root  ar  to  join)  ;  (mar.)  i. 
shrouds,  ropes  fastening  the  masts  to 
the  sides  of  a  ship,  stays,  etc. ;  —  di 
contro  fiocco,  flying-jib  guys  ;  -  -  di 
gran  fiocco,  jib  guys  ;  -  -  maggiori, 
lower  shrouds  ;  — di  fortuna,  preventer 
shrouds,  v.  Fortuna  (3).  2.  Sartia  ad 
amante  senale,  runner. 

SartfillayC;  i.=Arzavola,  teal.  2.  =  Marzaiota, 
garganey  teal. 

*  Sarti /.//.;  v.  Sarte. 

Sartiame  m.\  rigging,  cordage. 

Sartiare  (v.  Sarte);  (mar.)  i.  to 
overhaul,  to  "fleet"  (a  tackle),  i.e.  to 
separate  the  blocks  so  as  to  get  them 
in  position  to  be  used  again.  2.  to  put 
up  the  rigging,  generally. 

Sarti^tta./;  i.  dim.  Sartia.  2.  i.q.  Mezza- 
sartia,  a  particular  kind  of  rope  used  in  the  upper 
rigging. 

Sartina  /!;  dim.  vezz,  Sarta. 

Sarti6Ieyi;  (mar.)  topgallant  or  royal  shrouds. 

Sartibne  m.\  (mar.)  a  special  name  for  (he  two 
Mantigli  di  randa,  spanker  lifts. 

Sarto  m.  (L.  sartor •,  <  sarcire^  to 
mend,  ?'.  Risarcire)  ;  tailor.  Pietra  da 
— ,  soap-stone.  *Uom  da  sarti,  =  Fan- 
toccio,  model. 

tSartdio  ;«.;=Sarchio,  hoe. 

Sart6r-e  m.,  -a  f. ',  scherz.  or  poet,  for 
Sart-o,  -a. 

Sartoria/  ;  tailor's  shop. 

Sassayi;  native  name  for  Saltarupe,  g.v. 

Sassaccio  m.\  fiegg.  Sasso. 

Sassafrasso  (Sassofrasso)  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sassa- 
fray,  Span,  sasafras.  <.  old  Span,  sassafragia,  the 
herb  saxifrage,  sassafras  having  had  the  same  sup- 
posed virtue  in  medicine  as  saxifrage,  v.  Sassifraga); 
(hot.)  sassafras  tree,  Sassafras  officinalet  or  the  bark 
of  its  root,  sassafra.s. 

Sassaia  A  ;   i.  dam  made  of  stones. 

2.  stony  road  or  place. 

Sassai61a  /. ;  volley  of  stones. 

*  stone-lined  ditch. 

Sassat61o;  (ornith.)  Colombo  — ,  rock  dove, 
Columba.  livia. 

Sassata  /. ;  blow  with  a  stone. 

Sassat-ellay;;  dim.  or  iron,  of  -a.  -ello  ;//.; 
dim.  Sasso. 

Sassatile;  Tordo  — ,  =  Codirossone,  rock-thrush. 

Sassefrica ,/C;  — Salsifi,  salsify. 

Sassello;  Tordo — ,  redwing,  v.  Tordo  (12). 

SAss-eo  adj.,  -erello  dim.,  -6to  /«.  stony 
place,  -6tto  m.  dim.,  -ettino  m.  sub-dim. ;  v. 
Sasso. 

Sassic-aia,  -heta./;  =  Sasseto,  stony  place. 

Sassicola  moray;;  =  SaltimpaIo,  stone-chat. 

*  Sassificare  ;  to  petrify. 

Sassifraga  or  Sassifraga  /  (L.  saxtfroga, 
from  its  supposed  power  of  dissolving  stone  in  the 
bladder);  (oot.)  i.  — ombrosa,  London  pride,  Saxi- 
fraga  umbrosa.  2.  —  cinese,  creeping  American 
strawberry,  Saxifraga  sarmentosa.  3.  —  mosca- 
tellina,  Saxifraga  caesfitosa. 

Sassifrago   m.  ;    parrot- fish,  rholis 


Fr.  saurt,  bit.  saitrtts,  sorius.  v.   Skeat,  sttb  Sear, 
Sorrel)  ;   sorrel,  chestnut-coloured  (horse). 

Savanay^  (Spanish);  S.  American  prairie. 

Savere,  obsolete  except  the  infinitive  ;  =  Sapere. 

Sav^ttayC;  nose-fish,  Chondrostoma  soetta. 

Savi-amente,  -ezza;  v.  Savio. 
*  Sa  vieggiare  ;  to  teach. 

Savigne  m.\  an  eighteenth-century  head-dress. 

Savinayl;  v.  Sabina,  savine. 

Savi-0  (cogn.  old  Ital.  sapio,  Pro- 
veng.  savis,  safa's,  old  Fr.  saive,  Span. 
sabio,  <  L.  **sapius,  appearing  in  nesa- 
ptus,  silly  ;  for  the  root,  v.  Sapere)  ; 
i.  well-trained,  good.  2.  wise. 

*i.  (leg.)  —  di  ragione,  lawyer,     ii.  -a  donna,  raid- 
wife. 

Savoiardo;  of  Savoy.  As  sb.,  a  kind  of  egg 
and  sugar  biscuit. 

'Savoingo;  of  Savoy. 
Savoino  m.  ;  one  of  the  house  of  Savoy. 


Sass6so  ;  stony. 

Sassudlo  /«.;  i.  dim.  Sasso.  2.  =  Sassello, 
redwing. 

Satan-a,  -asso  m.  (Hebrew  word,  meaning 
"enemy");  i.  Satan.  2.  termagant.  Aff.  -eggiare, 
-ico. 

Satellite  w.  (L.  safeties,  attendant);  i.  satellite. 
2,  constable. 

Satellizio  m. ;  i.  group  of  satellites.  2.  function 
of  satellite. 

Satira  y^  (A);  female  satyr,  v.  Satiro. 

(B)  ;  satire.  Etym.  L.  satira,  orig,  saturn, 
which  (/rt«.r,  dish,  being  understood)  meant  a  dish 
of  various  fruits  offered  annually  to  the  gods,  hence 
a  medley,  a  dramatic  composition,  and  later,  a 
satire.  For  satura,  v.  infra  Saturo. 

Satir-acciayC;  pegg.  of  -n.  -accio  m.,  pf^g. 
of  -o.  -eggiare;  to  satirise,  -ello  »/.;  dim.  vtzz. 
of-o.  -escamintertrt'i'., -cscod.//'.;of-o.  -c"tta/., 
-dtto  m.\  dim.  vezz.  of  -a,  -o.  -iasi  ;  (tned.) 
satyriasis.  -icamentc  adv.  -ico  ;  satirical,  -ino  m.\ 
dim.  of  -o. 

Satfri-o,  -6ne  m.\  (bot)  a  genus  of  orchids, 
Satyrium. 

Satirizzare  ;  =  Satireggiare,  to  satirise. 

Satiro  /«.  (A)  (I,.,<Gr.  <rdrupo«,  <  <ro.-t  very, 
+ -Twp<K,  =  Sanskr,  turns,  swift,  cp.  infra  Tiranno  ; 
<ra-  is  for  tua,  the  weak  form  of  the  root  trva,  to 
be  strong,  cp.  <ra-«fra,  clearly,  ///.  very  brightly); 
i.  satyr,  z.  a  genus  of  butterflies.  *(H);  satirist, 
v.  Satira. 

*Satirotto  m.\  dim.  Satira,  satire. 

*  Satisdazione  f.  (L.);  (leg.)  guarantee. 

Sativo  (L.,< supine  of  sero,  to  sow, 
V.  Seme) ;  (ground)  fit  for  sowing. 

Sato  m.\  a  Hebrew  measure,  about  seven  quarts. 

Satdlla/  ;  a  plentiful  repast. 

Sat611-o  (L.  satullus,  dim.  satitr,  ?'. 
Saturo) ;  satisfied,  sufficiently  fed.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -are. 

*  Satorare;  =  Satollarc,  to  satisfy. 
*Satoro;  =  Saturo. 

Satrap-essa  f.  of-o.     -ia,  -ico,  v.  -o. 

Satrapo  m.  (Persian,  v.  Skeat,  sttb  voc.)\ 
i.  satrap.  2.  srlf-consequent  person,  one  with  pro- 
fessorial airs.  3.  Farsi  — ,  or  Esser  un  — ,  to  live  in 
a  solitary  way. 

Satrap6ne  ;«,;  augm.  Satrapo,  in  sense  (2). 

*  Sattiche  ;  for  Sa  ti  che?  excl.  of  surprise. 
Satur-are    (z>.   Saturo) ;    as    E.      Aff.    -abile, 

-abilnit,   -azionc. 

SatureiayC;  (bot.)v.  Santoreggia. 
*Saturitay:;=Sazieia,  fulness. 

Sat  urnale  ;  in  honour  of  Saturn,  the  god. 

Saturnin-o  ;  of  Saturn,  the  planet.  Malattie 
-e,  lead-workers'  diseases.  *  =  Lttnatico,  moody. 

Saturni-o;  of  Saturn,  the  god.  -a  terra,  Italy. 
As  sb,,  Jupiter  (as  sou  of  Saturn). 

*  Saturnitay^;  moodiness,  surliness. 
Saturno  m.  ;  i.  the  god.     2.  the  planet.     3.  al- 
chemists' term  for  lead;  Sale  di  — ,  a  salt  of  lead. 
*  moody  person. 

Saturo  ;  saturated. 

Etym.     L.,  akin  to  stiffs,  enough,  root  sa,  to 
fill    up,  cp.   O.H.G.  sat,  Germ,  satt,  satiated,   Gr. 
dSijc,  for  **t7a6ijc,  sufficiently,  OLO.TOS  for  **d<ra.Tos, 
unsatisfied,   E.  sad,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sad. 
"Saulcraut;  v.  Sarcraut. 

S4uro  (A)  m.  (Gr.  aaOpo?,  lizard);  sai'rian. 
(B)  (of  Germanic  origin,  cogn.  Proven^,  sor,  saur, 


.  . 

Savonea  f.  (tit.  soapy,  v.  Sapone)  ;  (tned.) 
cough-mixture. 

Savones-e  ;  I  -i  accenti,  the  poetry 
of  Chiabrera,  who  was  a  native  of 
Savona. 

Savon&tta/  ;  hunting-watch. 

Sav6re   ///.  (L.  sapor,  v.   Sapere)  ; 

1.  sharp  sauce;   In  —  ,  soused.     2.  in 
metal   casting,  fine   layer  of  ash,  clay, 
etc.,   separating   the    mould    from   the 
pattern.     *any  semi-liquid  body. 

Savoreggia  f.\  v.  Santoreggia. 
*  Savorna,  Savorra_/;  =  Zavorra,  ballast. 

Sazi-o  (for  Saziato,  <  Saziare,  =  L. 
satiare^  <  satis,  ?'.  Saturo);  sated,  tired, 
satiated.  Aff.  -£bile,  -abilita,  -amento, 
•are,  -eta,  -evole  stodgy,  -evoldzza,  -evol- 
mdnte. 

Sbaccan-are  ind.  sbaccano,  or  -eg- 
giare ind.  -eggio  ;  to  make  a  row.  Aff. 
-io  uproar,  -one  noisy  person. 

Sbaccellare  ind.  sbaccello  ;  to  shell 
(peas,  etc.). 

Sbaccellatura  /  ;  in  cutting  gems, 
a  groove  gouged  out  so  as  to  look  like 
an  open  pea-pod. 

Sbacchettare  ind.  sbacchetto  ;  to 
beat  (clothes,  cloth  or  felt). 

Sbacchettatura   /  ;     i.     beating. 

2.  groove  for  the  ramrod  of  a  fowling- 
piece. 

Sbacchiare  ;  i.  to  bang.  2.  —  una 
cosa  nel  muso  a  uno,  to  offer  it  at  an 
extremely  low  price,  almost  to  give  it 
away. 

Sbacchio  m.  ;  banging. 

Sbacchio  ;  constant  banging. 

t  Sbacco  ;  A  —  ,  =  A  piii  non  posso,  to  the  utmost. 

Sbaciucchi-are  ;  to  be  always  kiss- 
ing, esp.  by  stealth.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -io 
wearisome  kissing,  -one  or  -ona  con- 
stant kisser. 

tSbaciurlito;  v.  Sbaturlire. 

Sbadataggine/  ;  utter  carelessness. 

Sbadat-o  ;  careless.  Aff.  -amante, 
-ello  dim.  vezz.^  -6ne  or  -ona  augm.* 
careless  person. 

Sbadigli-are  ;  to  yawn.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-o,  sbs. 

Etym.  bit.  **ex-badic-ulare,cp.  Fr.  b&iUer,  to 
yawn,<blt.  **  batacnlare,  formed  upon  **  6atartt  to 
gape,  v.  supra,  sub  Baia. 


SBADIRE— SBARRO 


529 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


Sbad-ire  ind.   -isco  ;    to  undo,  the      skip  off.     2.  to  be  jerked  about,  or  tr. 


opposite  to  Ribadire. 

Sbaditdio  m. ;  watchmaker's  punch, 
for  disengaging  the  wheels. 

tSbafare,  Sbaffiare;  to  eat  heartily. 

*  Sbagagliare ;  to  unpack  the  baggage. 

Sbagliare  ;  to  make  a  mistake. 

Etym.  Prob.<**ex-bar-lni:nlare,  to  throw  a 
false  light  upon,  ot<**c.r-variare,  to  confuse,  z1. 
supra,  bar-  (prefix),  in  loco. 

Sbaglio  m.  ;  mistake.  ^(mar.)  = 
Baglio,  beam. 

Sbagliuccio  m. ;  dim.  Sbaglio,  mis- 
take. 

*  Sbaiaffare  ;  =  Cianciare,  to  prate. 

*  Sbaigghiare  ;  =  Sbadigliare,  to  yawn. 

*  Sbaioccarsela  ;  to  enjoy  life. 

*Sbaire  (fogn.  Provenc..  esbakir,  Fr.  ebaJtir,  and 
probably  Span,  embair;  considered  to  be  formed 
from  an  imitative  ba,  v.  Baia,  Badare.  Another 
possible  derivation  is  bit.  ** exvagire);  to  be  per- 
plexed and  terrified. 

Sbaldanz-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  cow. 
2.  to  lose  heart. 

*  Sbaldeggiare;  to  inspire  with  courage. 

*  Sbaldire  ;  to  cheer,  or  ititf.,  to  feel  cheered. 
Sbaldoriare  ind.  sbaldurio;  to  make  merry. 

Sbalestr-are  ind.  sbalestro ;  i.  to 
miss  the  mark,  to  go  wrong  ;  Ragio- 
nando  -a  molto,  e  si  teme  che  ammat- 
tisca,  he  makes  the  most  preposterous 
mistakes  in  talking,  and  we  are  afraid 
he  is  going  out  of  his  mind.  2.  tr.  to 
send  far  away  ;  Lo  -arono  in  America, 
they  fired  him  off  to  America.  3.  of  a 
horse,  —  le  gambe  =  Andar  mancino, 
to  throw  the  feet  out  sideways.  4.  of  a 
watch  or  other  instrument,  to  go  badly. 
5.  -arsi  =  Sbilanciarsi,  to  spend  beyond 
one's  means.  6.  Uomo  -ato,  hare- 
brained, one  who  has  lost  his  mental 
balance  and  takes  no  interest  in  his 
work.  7.  -ato  negli  interessi,  with  one's 
affairs  in  disorder.  8.  Fantasia  -ata, 
disordered  imagination.  9.  Occhi  -ati 
=  Stralunati,  wild-looking  eyes.  10.  -ato 
dalla  fortuna  a  cjuesto  posto,  pitched 
haphazard  into  this  job.  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-atamdnte. 

Sball-are  (A) ;  i.  to  unpack.  2.  fig. 
-arle  grosse,  to  come  out  with  im- 
possible stories.  3.  at  certain  games, 
to  overshoot  a  prescribed  limit,  v. 
Sette  (12).  4.  fig.  to  die. 

*(B)  to  leave  off  dancing. 

Sballatura  / ;  unpacking. 

Sballonata  /  ;  the  act  or  saying  of 
a  Sballone. 

Sballon-e  ;«.,  -a  /.  ;  romancer,  v. 
Sballare  (2). 

Sballottare  ind.  sballotto ;  to  toss 
and  pet  (a  baby). 

tSbaloccare  ;=  Baloccarc,  to  amuse. 

Sbalord-ire,  ind.  -isco ;  to  bewilder, 
to  stupefy. 

AJf.  -im^nto,  -itaggine  act  of  one  who  is  stupefied, 
-itivo  or  -itoio  amazing. 

Sbalugginare  ;  to  glitter. 
Sbalz-are ;    to    hurl,    to    dash,    v. 
Sbalzo.     Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sbalzell-are  ind.   sbalzello ;    i.    to 

H. 


to  jerk  about.    Aff.  -10  constant  jerking. 
Sbalzell6n-e,  -i,  adv. ;  by  jerks. 
Sbalzio  m. ;  jolting. 
Sbalzo  m.  ;    i.  a  jump.     2.    a  jerk. 

3.  Di  — ,  with  a  jump,  e.g.  in  promo- 
tion, skipping  over  intermediate  grades. 

4.  Di  — ,  all  of  a  sudden.     t  =  Balzo, 
cliff. 

Sbambagiare ;  of  thread,  to  fray 
out,  become  partially  untwisted. 

Sbancare  ;  i.  at  cards,  to  beat  the 
bank.  2.  (mar.)  —  una  imbarcazione, 
to  unship  the  thwarts  of  a  boat. 

Sbanchettare  ind.  sbanchdtto  ;  to 
make  continual  banquets. 

*  to  send  away  from  the  banquet. 

Sbandamento  m. ;  i.  disbandment, 
dispersion.  2.  (mar.)  heeling,  heel. 
*=Bando. 

Sband-are;  i.  to  disperse.  2.  Luogo 
-ato,  not  cultivated.  3.  Tacchi  -ati, 
worn-down  heels.  4.  (mar.)  to  careen, 
heel  over. 

Sbandeggi-are  ind.  sbanddggio  ;  to 
exile.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sbandellare  ind.  sbandello ;  to  take 
the  iron  straps  with  the  hinges,  etc.,  off 
a  door. 


Sbarazzinata  /  ;  act  of  a  raga- 
muffin. 

Sbarazzino  in.,  -a  /  ;  ragamuffin, 
street  loafer. 

Etym.  unkn.  It  is  considered  by  Caix  to  be 
formed  from  It.  barocciuo,  <  baroccio,  a  term  used 
at  Lucca  for  urchin,  <baro,  rogue. 

*  Sbarba,  SbarbatayC;  pretty  girl. 

Sbarb-are  ;  i.  to  uproot,  tear  away. 
2.  -arsi  scherz.  to  shave.  3.  Non  ce  la 
-a,  =  Non  ci  riesce,  he  cannot  man- 
age it. 

Sbarbar-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  civilize. 

Sbarbat-o ;  beardless.  Aff.  -ello, 
-fno,  dims. 

*  Sbarbazzata  /.;  i.  —  Sbrigliata.     ii.  scolding. 

Sbarbic-are ;  f.y.  Sbarbare.  Aff. 
-amdnto. 

Sbarc-are  ;  i.  tr.  or  intr.  to  dis- 
embark. 2.  fig.  —  la  vita,  il  lunario, 
or  -arsela,  to  get  along,  one  way  or 
another,  in  some  sort  of  comfort ;  -aria 
con  uno,  to  get  on  with  him  fairly  well. 

Sbarca-toio,  pi.  -toi,  m. ;  landing- 
stage. 

Sbarco  /«.  ;  disembarkation. 

Sbardellare  ind.  sbardello ;  to  break 
in,  v.  Bardellone.  *=Palesare,  to  dis- 
play. 

Sbardell-ato ;     i.    part,    of    -are. 


f,,        ,.  .  ouaiuen-aiiu  ;      i.     part.     01      -are. 

Sbandier-are    ixd.    sbandiero  ;    to     2.  fig_  Un  bambinone  — ,  a  huge  baby ; 

r»lQ\r     n^rrc  /J  ^     _r>fi  » »       "     •  J. 


display  flags.     Aff.  -ata. 

Sband-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  proclaim. 
2.  to  banish  ;  —  dello  reame  della  testa, 
to  banish  from  the  realm  under  pain  of 
death. 

*i.  —  uno  in  avere,  to  confiscate  his  goods,  ii.  to 
recall  from  banishment.  Aff.  -iinento. 

*Sbanditay^;  free  hunting-ground,  cp.  Bandita. 
Sbandito;  Part.  Sbandire.  *As  sb.\  i.  exiled 
person,  ii.  bandit ;  Prov,  Lo  —  corre  dietro  al  con- 
dannato,  the  thief  is  crying  out  against  the  convict. 
iii.  Mai  —  fe'  buona  terra,  a  (returned)  exile  never 
made  a  peaceful  city.  iv.  =  Bandita. 

*Sbando/«. ;  i.  dUbandment.     ii.  exiled  person. 

*  Sbandolare  ;  to  undo  (a  skein). 

*  Sbandonare ;  to  abandon. 
Sbaragli-a/,  or  -amento  ;«.;  =  -o. 

Sbaragliare  ;  to  throw  (an  enemy's 
force)  into  confusion. 

Etym.  unkn.  Apparently  a  variant  of  Sbaral- 
tare ;  possibly  akin  to  Span.  barallar>  to  confound, 
and  perhaps  to  old  Span,  buruta,  confusion,  Span. 
desbaratar,  to  upset,  Ital.  baraccare,  to  make  a  row. 
Or  possibly  <  Ital.  sbarra,  as  it  were,  to  break  the 
barriers. 

Sbaraglino  /«.  (It.  sbaragliare)  ;  = 
Tavola  reale,  backgammon. 

Sbaraglio;//.;  i.  confusion;  Met- 
tere,  Porre  allo  — ,  to  throw  into  con- 
fusion, to  rout  (an  enemy) ;  Buttarsi, 
Mettersi  allo  — ,  to  take  up  a  dangerous 
enterprise,  or  simply,  to  make  a  row  ; 
Mettere  a  —  la  persona,  to  risk  one's 
life.  2.  a  kind  of  backgammon  played 
with  three  dice. 

*  Sbaratta  f.\  confusion,  destruction. 

*Sbarattare  (Span,  desbaratar^  to  scatter,  per- 
haps <dis-  and  Gr.  irparrtiv,  v,  Baratto);  i.  to  dis- 
perse, to  destroy  (an  army),  ii.  —  la  campagna  — 
Sbrattarla,  togliendo  ogni  impaccio.  iii.  =  Barattare. 

Sbarazz-are  (<dis-,  and  barra,  bar, 
barrier,  cp.  Fr.  dtbarrasser) ;  to  clear, 
-arsi  di,  to  get  rid  of. 


Una  risatona  -ata,  a  tremendous  laugh. 
Aff.  -atame'nte. 

Sbardellat-6re  -ura ;  v.  Sbar- 
dellare. 

Sbarello  m. ;  tip-cart. 

t  Sbarocciare ;  i.  =  Sballare,  to  unpack,  ii.  /if. 
—  Sbirbare,  to  play  the  rogue. 

Sbarray^;  i.  barrier.  2.  cross-bar  of 
any  kind,  esp.  prison  bar.  3.  guard  over 
a  cart-wheel  to  keep  the  things  from 
touching  the  wheel.  4.  gag.  5.  gap 
in  a  horse's  jaw  where  the  bit  goes. 
6.  (watchm.)  name  of  various  pieces  in 
a  watch.  7.  (kerald.)  bend  sinister,  an 
ordinary  of  the  first  rank,  representing 
the  strap  which  bore  the  shield,  and 
drawn  from  sinister  chief  to  dexter 
base,  whereas  the  Banda,  bend,  passes 
from  dexter  chief  to  sinister  base  ;  - 
contradoppia  merlata,  v.  Merlato.  If 
the  Sbarra  is  "diminished"  it  is  termed 
Traversa,ContrabastoneorContrafiletto, 
and  indicates  bastardy,  v.  Brisura.  The 
bend  sinister  was  distinctive  of  the  Ghi- 
bellines.  8.  boys'  game  of  prisoners' 
base.  9.  (mus.)  (a)  double  line  marking 
the  end  of  a  piece,  (£)  mark  of  repe- 
tition. 

tline  placed  by  boys  to  bar  the  passage  of  a 
couple  when  the  bride  is  marrying  out  of  the  district, 
the  breaking  of  which  makes  part  of  the  festivities. 

Sbarr-are  ;  i.  to  block.  2.  to  open 
(the  eyes  or  arms)  wide.  3.  (herald.} 
v.  Sbarrato.  *i.  to  cut  (the  belly)  open, 
ii.  to  explain.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*  Sbarrata  f. ;  barricade. 

Sbarrato ;  {herald.)  crossed  by  bends  sinister, 
usually  six,  of  alternate  colours,  v.  Sbarra  (7). 

*  Sbarro  m. ;  i.  v.  Sbarra.   ii.  =  Frastuono,  uproar. 

6? 


530 


SBARROCCIATA— SBILERCIARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


*  Sbarrocciata./;  a  ride  in  a  carriage. 

*  Sbarullare  ;  to  remove  the  centering  of  an  arch. 
Sbasire ;  strengthened  form  of  Basire. 

t=Consumare,  Finite. 

*  Sbasoffiare ;  to  eat  immoderately. 

*  Sbassanza  _/;  lowly  condition. 

Sbass-are  ;  i .  to  lower.  2.  intr.  of 
prices,  to  drop,  usu.  Ribassare.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Sbasso  m.  ;  =  Ribasso,  drop  in  price. 

t  Sbastardare  ;  to  trim  (plants). 

Sbatacchi-are  ;  freq.  of  Sbacchiare, 
to  knock  about,  to  bang,  -arsi,  to  throw 
oneself  about  in  despair.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ata. 

*Sbatacchio  ;«. ;  Allo  — ,  in  the  thick  of  the 
fray. 

Sbatacchio  m. ;  constant  banging. 

Sbattagliare ;  to  ring  loudly,  cp. 
Distendere  (7). 

Sbattentare  ind.  sbattento ;  of 
joiners,  =  Sfondare  il  canto  del  legno 
che  lavorano. 

Sbatt-ere  (strengthened  form  of 
Battere)  perf.  -di,  part,  '-uto  ;  I.  to 
bang.  2.  to  flap.  3.  to  beat  up  (eggs, 
etc.).  4.  Aver  da  —  il  dente,  to  have 
something  to  eat.  5.  of  fever,  to  come 
on.  6.  —  il  male,  to  resist  evil ;  —  la 
melanconia,  drive  it  away.  7.  to  throw 
up  on  shore.  8.  to  make  a  deduction 
from  a  bill.  9.  (print.}  to  beat  down 
the  type  so  as  to  bring  it  all  tflr-a- 
uniform  surface.  10.  Sbattuto,  worn- 
looking,  harassed. 

*  i.    to  afflict,     ii.  =  Ribattere,   Confutare.     -ersi : 
iii.  =Dibattersi,  to  struggle,     iv.  =Ansare,  to  pant. 
v.  =  Spassarsi,  to  take  amusement. 

Sbattezz-are  ;  i.  to  give  a  fresh 
name  to.  2.  -arsi,  to  apostatize  from 
Christianity.  3.  As  excl.  of  annoyance, 
C'  e  da  -arsi ! 

Sbattimentare  ;  v.  Sbattimento  (2). 

Sbattimento  m. ;  i.  v.  Sbattere. 
2.  (paint.)  broken  or  reflex  light,  or  the 
lights  and  shades  produced  thereby ; 
play  of  light  and  shade. 

*  i.  =  Spasso,    amusement.      ii.  =  Confutazione. 
iii.  (irtits.)   —  di  cori,  effect  produced  by  two  sets 
of  musicians  or  singers,  one  answering  the  other. 

*Sbattito   in.  ;    i.  —  Sbattimento.      ii.  fig.  =  Tra- 
vaglio,  Passione.     iii.    deduction,  v.  Sbattere  (8). 

Sbattitoia/;  i.q.  Battitoia,  flattener, 
planer,  v.  Sbattere  (9). 

Sbattitura/;  v.  Sbattere. 

*Sbatturare;  either— Provar  grande  smania,  or 
perhaps  formed  out  of  Battolare  and  so  =  Taroccare. 

Sbattuta/;  a  flap,  of  a  bird's  wings 
or  the  like,  v.  Sbattere. 

tSbaturl-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  =Sbalordire.    ii.  part. 
-ito,  tired. 

*Sbaudire;  =  Sbaldire,  to  cheer. 

Sbaulare  ind.  sbaulo  ;  to  unpack. 

Sbavagliare  ;  to  remove  the  gag. 

Sbav-are  ;  i.  to  slobber.  2.  (print.) 
when  a  letter  is  not  quite  cleanly  cut, 
to  blur  a  letter.  3.  (metal.)  to  remove 
the  roughnesses,  v.  Bava  (3).  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Sbavatura/ ;  i.  slime  of  snails,  etc. 
2.  ragged  place  in  a  casting,  v.  Bava  (3). 


3.  ragged  filaments  of  a  silk  cocoon,  too 
thin   to   be   used.     4.    ragged  edge   of 
paper.     5.  (print)  blur,  v.  Sbavare  (2). 
*Sbavazzare;  to  slobber. 

Sbave'ggio  m. ;  raggedness  in  print- 
ing due  to  careless  workmanship. 

Sbavigliare  ;  pop.  for  Sbadigliare, 
to  yawn. 

Sbav6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  slobberer. 

tSbecarato;=Malsaniccio,  poorly. 

Sbeccucciare  ;  to  break  the  spout 
of  (a  jug). 

Sbeff-a  f. ;  strengthened  form  of 
Beffa,  jest.  Aff.  -amento,  -are,  -atore, 
-atura,  -eggiamento,  -eggiare,  -eggia- 
tore. 

•Sbellettarc;-Imbellettare,  to  paint  (the  face). 

Sbellic-are  ind.  sbellico  (lit.  to  burst 
the  navel) ;  -arsi  dalle  risa,  to  burst 
with  laughing.  Aff.  -atamente. 

t  Sbellicorarsi ;  =  Sbellicarsi. 

Sbendare  ind.  sbendo ;  to  un- 
bandage. 

tSbenedicolare  ;  to  go  to  every  Benedicola. 
tSberchiare;  =  Sbeftare,  to  mock. 

Sbercia  / ;  bungler. 

Sberciare  (A) ;  to  miss  the  mark, 
v.  Imberciare. 

(B)  (cogn.  to  Berta,  jest,  sneer);  i.  to 
write  satirical  verses.  2.  to  show  con- 
tempt ;  Che  e  che  tu  sberci,  what  are 
you  looking  so  contemptuously  at  ? 
C'  e  poco  da  — ,  it  isn't  anything  to 
laugh  at. 

t(C)  strengthened  form  of  Berciare,  to  screech. 

Sbercione  m.  ;  augin.  Sbercia, 
bungler. 

*Sberg-ayl,  -o  w.;  =  Usbergo,  hauberk. 
tSbergolare;  variant  of  Sberciare  (C). 

Sberleff-e,  -o  (Sbirleffe)  m. ;  (intcns. 
of  It.  berleffe,  q.v.) ;  i.  grimace.  2.  scar 
on  the  face. 

Sberlingacciare  ;  to  feast  riotously, 
lit.  to  keep  Carnival. 

tSberluciare;  v.  Sbiluciare. 
*Sbern-a,  -ia/;=Bemia,  cloak. 

*  Sbernare  ;=  Sbranare,  to  tear. 
tSbernoccoluto;—  Bernoccoluto,  lumpy. 

Sberrettare  ind.  sberre'tto  ;  to  take 
the  hat  off. 

Sberrettata/. ;  salutation. 

Sbertare  (t  Sbertire)  ind.  sberto ;  to 
mock  at. 

Sbertucciare ;  to  pull  to  pieces,  to 
destroy  the  shape  of,  lit.  to  treat  in  the 
manner  of  an  ape. 

tSberzolo  (».  Sberciare,  C);  shrill  scream. 

Sbeucchiare,  Sbev-acchiare,  -icchi- 
are,  -ucchiare ;  to  tipple. 

Sbevazz-are  ;  to  be  a  drinker.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atore. 

Sbev-icchiare,  -ucchiare ;  v.  Sbeuc- 
chiare. 

*  Sbezzic-are  ;  =  Bezzicare.      (Parole)    -ate,  = 
Smozzicate,  clipped. 

*  Sbiadato  ;  i.=  Sbiadito.     ii.  kept  without  corn. 

Sbiad-ire  ind.  -isco  (It.  **biado,  for 


biavo,  blue,  with  intensive  prefix) ;  i.  to 
turn  pale  (///.  turn  light  blue).  2.  part. 
-ito,  faded,  pale. 

*Sbiado  m. ;  waggon-road,  lane. 
tSbiagito;  =  Sbiadito,  pale. 

Sbiancare  ;  to  turn  white. 
Sbiancatbtto ;  rather  pale. 

*Sbiancido;  =  Sbiancato,  while. 

Sbiasciare ;  to  mumble. 

Sbiasciatura  / ;  a  fault  in  cloth 
where  the  shearing  scissors  have  failed 
to  bite. 

*  Sbiasciottare  ;  =  Biasciare. 

*  Sbiavato  ;  =  Sbiadito,  pale. 

*  Sbiavire ;  to  ripen. 

Sbicare  ;  to  take  down  the  sheaves, 
?'.  Bica(i). 

Sbicchierare  ind.  sbicchiero ;  to  sell 
wine  by  the  glass. 

tSbiciancolare  ;=  Pendere  dondolando. 

Sbiec-amente  adv. ;  v.  -o. 

Sbiecare  ind.  sbieco ;  to  run  ob- 
liquely. 

•i.  to  place  crooked,  ii.  =Traguardare,  to  test 
the  setting  of.  iii.  to  make  straight,  iv.  ititr.  to 
develop  a  squint. 

Sbieco  ;  crooked.  Arco  — ,  oblique 
arch. 

Etym.  Either  a  variant  of  Sbiescio,  or  more 
probably  <  L.  ex,  obliquus,  and  so  an  intensive  of 
Bieco. 

•Sbiescio  (probably  cognate  to  Proveng.  and 
Fr.  biais,  Sardinian  biasciu,  oblique,  Roumanian 
piez,  bevel,  Portug.  -viez,  slope ;  these  words  are 
traced  by  Diez  to  L.  bi/ax,  double-faced,  an  / 
between  two  vowels  in  Latin  being  often  lost  in 
the  Romance  languages  as  in  Provenc.  preon,  <  L. 
prqfundtis',  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Ruse) ;  — Sbieco,  crooked. 

"Sbietolarsi  (lit.  to  become  soft  like  beetroot); 
=  Intenerirsi,  to  be  moved. 

Sbiett-are  ind.  sbietto ;   i.  to  pull 

away  the  wedges.     2.    to   slip  off,  go 

away  quietly  and  quickly.      3.  to  slip 
up,  stumble.     Aff.  -atura. 

Sbiffe  ;  A  — ,  pop.  for  A  sbeffe, 
jestingly.  Lavoro  che  si  prende  a  — , 
work  that  is  thought  to  be  light. 

t  Sbifolcare  ;  =  Far  il  bifolco,  to  be  a  ploughman. 

Sbigott-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  terrify. 
Part,  -ito,  downcast.  Aff.  -imdnto, 
-itore. 

Etym.  until.  The  most  probable  suggestion 
seems  that  of  Caix,  based  upon  the  Sicilian  forms 
abbaiittirsi  and  sbaguttiri,  viz.  <  L.  ex,  pavor, 
through  ** ex.pavoritire,  **  expavottire,  **expagot- 
tire,  the  change  of  v  to  %  being  paralleled  by  old  It. 
pagura,  <  L.  pavor,  which  with  an  s  prefixed  also 
gave  the  Tuscan  dialectic  Spago  and  Lombard 
Spagot,  Spaghet. 

Sbilanci-amento  m. ;  loss  of  bal- 
ance, -are  ;  to  lie,  or  throw,  out  of 
balance,  -o  m. ;  i .  want  of  balance. 
2.  deficit. 

Sbilanci6n-e  m.;  i.  violent  shy  (of 
a  horse).  2.  A  -i,  by  great  jumps. 

'Sbilencare;  to  trip  up.     tof  wood,  to  warp. 

Sbilenco  (Sbilencio)  ;  bow-legged. 
Fare  sbilenchi,  or  certi  sbilenchi,  to 
make  ugly  or  awkward  gestures. 

Etym.  <  s-  intensive,  +  bis-,  i>.  Bis-,  +  -Icnco 
<  O.H.G.  lenc,  >  Germ,  link,  left-hand  (adj.). 
Lenc,  originally  slenc,  is  corn,  to  L.  langveo,  for 
which  v.  Skeat,  s vb  Languish ;  root  slag,  weak  ;  cp. 
also  A.S.  klanc  >  E.  lank,  lanky. 

*Sbilerciare;  =  Sbirciare,  to  scrutinise. 


SBILERCIO— SBOZZINO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


tSbilercio  >«.  ;  =  Taglio  di  carne  mal  fatto  dal 
macellaio,  ill-shaped  joint. 

Etym.  <  s-  intensive,  +  bis-,  v.  Bis-,  +  lercio 
<  M.H.G.  lerz,  left-hand  (adj.),  v,  L«rcio. 

Sbiliard-are ;  at  billiards,  when  by  a  push 
stroke,  the  object  ball  having  been  close  to  the 
player's  ball,  the  player's  ball  strikes  the  object  ball 
a  second  time,  counting  one  point  to  the  adversary. 
Aff.  -o  sb. 

*  Sbillacco  ;  =  Bislacco,  queer. 

Sbiluci-are  (Sbirluciare,  Sbilurciare, 
Sberluciare)  (etym.  dub.,  prob.  formed 
from  Alluciare  by  substitution  of  pre- 
fixes S-  and  Bis-,  q.v.) ;  =Alluciare,  to 
gaze  intently  or  curiously.  Aff.  -6ne, 
earnest  gazer. 

*  Sbilungone ;  v.  Spilungone. 
t Sbilurciare;  v.  Sbiluciare. 
t&bilurcio  w.;  =  Guercio,  squinter. 
t$bi6bb-a/;  =  Bobbia  (A,  i),  slush.     Aff.  -ina. 

Sbibbbo  ;  ricketty  and  with  a  long 
chin. 

Sbirb-are ;  -arsela,  to  plunge  into 
reckless  amusements. 

Sbirbonare ;  =  Birboneggiare,  to  play 
the  rogue. 

Sbirci-are;  to  eye  closely,  v.  Bircio. 
Aff.  -ata  close  inspection,  -atina  dim. 

Sbircio  ;  intensive  of  Bircio. 

Sbirichinare  ;  to  play  boyish  tricks, 
v.  Birichino. 

•Sbirleffe;  v.  Sberlefle. 

*  Sbiro ;  v.  Sbirro. 

SbirraccM-61o  spreg.,  -one  augm.  ; 
v.  Sbirro. 

Sbirraccio  m. ;  pegg.  Sbirro. 
Sbirraglia/;  spreg.  \.  lot  of  police 
spies.     2.  the  police,  as  a  whole. 

Sbirrerla/1 ;  i.  the  police.  2.  police 
barracks. 

Sbirre'sco ;  police-like. 

Sbirr-O  m. ;  i.  pop.  for  Birro,  con- 
stable. 2.  Anime  di  -i,  at  Pisa,  the 
name  for  a  species  of  swallow.  3.  (mar.) 
-  di  commando,  selvagee-strop,  sel- 
vagee,  see  Paasch,  plate  106,  no.  16,  a 
sort  of  large  ring  of  rope  doubled  round 
boxes  to  be  hoisted  on  board,  in  French 
Erse  de  bitord. 

*  Sbisacci-are ;   to  unpack  a  wallet,     -arsi,  to 
undress. 

*  Sbisbigliare ;  =  Bisbigliare,  to  whisper. 

Sbisoriare  (s-  intensive,  -I-  bis,  imit. 
of  whispering,  +  oriare,  for  L.  orare,  to 
pray) ;  spreg.  or  iron,  to  pray  in  whis- 
pers. 

Sbittare  ;  (mar.)  to  unbitt  (a  cable). 

Sbizzarr-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  i.  to  cure 
(a  person)  of  his  oddities,  to  educate  in 
manners.  2.  -irsi,  to  indulge  one's 
whim,  to  satisfy  one's  inclination. 

Sbizz-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  a  word  related 
to  Bizza  as  Sbizzarrire  to  Bizzarria. 
Lascia  che  si  -isca,  wait  till  he  has 
recovered  his  temper. 

Sbloccare   ind.    sblocco    sblocchi  ; 

1.  to  raise  the  blockade  of,  to  relieve. 

2.  at  billiards,  («)  of  a  ball  driven  hard 
into  a  pocket,  to  jump  out  again,  (b)  to 
run  round  the  edge  of  a  pocket  and  just 
not  drop  in. 


Sb6bbia(Sboba)/;  =Bobbia(A,  i), 
thick  sludge. 

Sb6bbio;=Sbiobbo. 

Sbocc-are  ind.  sbocco  ;  i.  of  a  river, 
to  discharge  ;  of  a  path,  to  open  into, 
end  in  ;  of  persons,  to  emerge.  2.  to 
break  the  rim  of  a  jug  or  of  the  mouth 
of  a  bottle  or  gun.  3.  to  pour  off  a  few 
drops  of  the  wine  in  a  bottle  before 
pouring  it  out.  Part,  -ato,  v.  infra  in 
loco. 

*i.  to  come  out  of  the  mouth,  ii.  to  speak  with 
over-freedom,  a  sense  not  obsolete  in  the  adj.  Sboc- 
cato,  y.v.  iii.  (mil.)  to  open  (the  trenches).  Aff. 
-amen  to. 

Sboccat-o  ;  i.  coarse  (language). 
2.  of  a  horse,  hard-mouthed.  3.  of  a 
dog,  too  tired  or  otherwise  unwilling  to 
seize  the  quarry.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-dggine,  -ame'nte. 

Sboccatura  /  ;  v.  Sboccare  (3). 

Sbocciare  ind.  sboccio  ;  i.  of  a 
flower-bud,  to  open.  2.  of  a  silk-  worm, 
to  come  out.  3.  generally,  to  arise 
out  of  what  has  gone  before.  4.  at 
bowls,  to  knock  away  the  adversary's 
bowl.  5.  tr.  of  a  fruit-tree,  to  set  (its 
fruit). 

*i.  of  a  spring,  to  rise.  ii.  to  say.  iii.  to 
repeat. 

Sboccio  ;;/.  ;  i.  blossoming.  .  2. 
(Gente)  di  —  ,  gay. 

Sbdcco  M.  ;  i.  discharge  of  a  river, 
end  of  a  street  where  it  opens  into 
another.  2.  seat  of  the  export  trade  of 
a  country.  3.  —  di  sangue,  spitting  of 
blood. 

Sbocconcellare  ind.  sbocconcello  ; 
I.  to  nibble.  2.  to  chip  (a  vase). 

Sboccpncellatura  /  ;  chip,  i.e.  the 
piece  chipped  off  or  the  mark  re- 
maining. 

t  Sbocconcinare  ;  =  Sbocconcellare. 

*  Sbociare  ;  to  publish  abroad. 

Sbbffo  m.  ;  puff  on  a  sleeve. 

*  Sbofonchiare;=  Hofonchiare,  to  grumble. 

*  Sboglientare  <>.  intent.,  and  fart,  of  L.  bnl- 
lirt)',  to  boil  furiously. 

Sbolgettare  ind.  sbolge"tto  ;  to  take 
letters  out  of  the  letter-bag  and  sort 
them.  *to  give  utterance  to. 

Sbolgiare  ind.  sbolgio  ;  to  bulge. 

*Sboll-are;  to  cancel  (a  Papal  bull),  -arsi,  to 
get  rid  of  an  eruption  on  the  skin. 

Sboll-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  go  off  the 
boil. 

•Sbolzonare;  i.  =  Bolzonare.    ii.  to  spoil  a  die- 
ombardare  ;  to  bombard. 

Sbombare  ind.  sbtfmbo  ;  to  boast, 
to  tell  improbable  stories. 

*  Sbombazzare;  =  Sbevazzare,  to  drink  hard. 

*  Sbombettare  ;  =  Bombettare,  to  tipple. 

Sbombol6ne  m.  ;  teller  of  tall  stories. 

t&b6nchio  m.  ;=Sgorbio,  blot. 

*  Sbondolato  ;  =  Sciagurato,  wretched. 

*  Sbontadiato  ;  good  for  nothing. 

Sbonzol-are  ind.  sb6nzolo  ;  i.  to 
droop  like  a  ripe  bunch  of  grapes  or  an 
udder  full  of  milk.  2.  -arsi,  to  be  rup- 
tured, but  usu.  as  a  metaphor  for  great 


stamp. 
*  Sb 


strain.     3.  of  a  wall,  to  bulge  out,  prior 
to  falling  down. 

*i.J!f.=Abbondare.     ii.  to  eat  a  good  bellyfull. 
Etym.     In  sense  (i)frob.  t'ar.  of  Spensolare,  < 
**  tx-pettsiilare,  and  in  sense  (2)<f-,  out,  and  Bon- 
zola  in  its  orir.  sense  of  belly. 

*  Sbonzolato  »/.;  rupture. 

Sboraciare ;  (goldsm.)  to  get  rid  of  the  borax. 

*  Sborbottare;  =  Rimbrottare,  to  scold. 

Sborchiare  ind.  sb6rchio ;  to  take 
off  the  studs. 

Sbordare  ind.  sbordo ;  (mar.)  to 
ease  out  (the  sheets). 

Sbordellare  ind.  sbordello  ;  to  fre- 
quent brothels. 

Sbordonata  f. ;  (mus.)  passage  of 
music  in  the  bass. 

Sb6rnia  f.  («-,  -I-  **ebronia,  a  form 
evidenced  by  Fr.  ivrogne,  and  probably 
formed  <  L.  ebrins  under  the  attraction 
of  bit.  bibonius ;  for  ebrius  v.  Ebbro  ; 
ivrogne  in  1 2th  century  Fr.  was  a  sb.) ; 

1.  drunkenness.     2.  lassitude. 

Sbomiare  ind.  sbornio  (v.  Bornio) ; 
to  see  clearly. 

*  to  get,  or  make  drunk,     tto  gaze  at. 

Sborniatay; ;  =  Occhiata  di  traverse, 
leer. 

Sborni-6tta,  -ettfna ;  dim.,  sub-dim., 
of -a. 

Sborni6n-e  m.,  -a/;   i.  drunkard. 

2.  =Sbuccione. 

Sborracciare  ;  -v.  Sboraciare. 

Sborrare  ind.  sb6rro  (A)  (It.  borra, 
stuffing)  ;  i.  to  unstuff  (a  cushion). 
2.  fig.  to  pour  out  one's  mind. 

(B)  (It.  borro,  water-course)  ;  to 
channel  (a  hill-side). 

Sbors-are;  to  disburse.  ,4^ -ame"nto, 
-o,  sbs. 

Sbosc-are  ind.  sbosco;  =  Diboscare, 
to  clear.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

t&botrare  ind.  sbotro;  =  Dar  la  via.  —  rlellc 
rime,  to  produce  verses.  Sbotra  magari  1'  ultima, 
of  one  who  is  grumbling,  he  is  determined  to  have 
his  say. 

*Sbottare;  i.  =Sbuflare,  but  stronger^  v.  Sbuf- 
fare  (r).  tii.  of  a  river,  =  Uscir  fuori.  iii.  to  take 
from  casks  or  barrels. 

tSbottatay:;=Bottata,  but  stronger. 

Sbotton-are  ind.  sbottono  ;  to  un- 
button. -arsi,yf^.  to  unbosom  oneself. 

*  =  Avventare,  to  hurl  (reproaches);  in  this  sense 
the  word  may  be  from  Botta,  under  the  attraction  of 
Bottone.  Aff.  *atura. 

Sbottoneggiare  ind.  sbottone'ggio  ; 
intr.  to  slang  a  person,  to  let  drive  at 
him,  v.  *Sbottonare. 

Sbozzacch-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  of  plants 
or  animals,  to  recover  condition,  the 
opposite  of  Imbozzacchire,  to  be  stunted, 
v.  Bozzacchio. 

Sbozz-are  ;  i.  to  sketch  out,  v.  Ab- 
bozzo.  2.  (mar.)  to  take  off  the  stoppers, 
v.  Bozza  (5).  Aff.  -amento,  -at6re, 
-atura. 

Sbozzimare  ind.  sbozzimo  ;  to  wash 
out  the  paste,  v.  Bozzima. 

Sbozzino  m. ;  horse-plane,  tool  for 
reducing  timber  into  rough  planks,  as  a 
preliminary  to  making  boards. 

67-2 


532 


SBOZZO— SBUCARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compoutids  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

*  Sbrobbiare  (I,,    txprobrart);    to    pour  abuse 
upon. 

tSbr6bri-o  /;/.;  insulting  action.     Aff.  -are  v b. 

Sbrocc-are  ;  I.  to  remove  anything 
that  may  have  adhered  to  the  silk  in 
drawing  it  off  the  cocoon,  v.  Sbrocco. 
2.  =  Brucare,  to  strip  a  branch  of  its 
twigs  and  leaves.  Aff.  -atura. 

£>br6cco  ;//.  (intens.  of  Brocco) ;  the 
bits  of  silk  or  dirt  which  are  smoothed 
off  the  silk  fibre  upon  its  removal  from 
the  cocoon.  *  =  Brocco,  skewer. 

Sbroccolare  ind.  sbrbccolo ;  i .  to 
remove  the  leaves,  esp.  of  cabbages. 

2.  of  goats  or  other  animals,  to  browse 
upon  leaves. 

Sbroccdne  m. ;  (shoein.)  implement 
for  planting  the  pegs  in  the  sole. 

Sbrodare  ind.  sbrodo;  i.  to  make 
a  sloppy  mess.  2.  to  suffer  a  seminal 
discharge. 

*  Sbrodettare  ;  i.  =Stmggersi,  to  melt.     ii.   to 
blab. 

t&brod-icchiare  or  -igliare  ;  =  Sbrodolare. 

Sbrodol-are  ind.  sbrodolo ;  i.  to 
make  a  mess.  2.  Jig.  —  in  molte  parole 
un  pensiero,  to  express  an  idea  in  a  sea 
of  words  ;  -ando  giu  quel  po'  di  periodo, 
spreading  out  that  simple  sentence  to 
an  enormous  length.  AJf.  -one. 

Sbrogli-are  (//'/.  to  get  rid  of  the 
Brogli,  encumbrances) ;  i.  to  disen- 
tangle. 2.  to  tidy  up  (a  room,  or  table). 

3.  -arsi, to  free  oneself;  Come  Dio  voile 
me    la    sono   -ata,   thank   goodness    1 
managed  to  get  out  of  it. 

tSbrollare  ;  to  strip  of  leaves. 

*  Sbroncare ;    i.    to    injure   the   shoots   of  the 
stumps  of  chestnuts,  etc.     ii.  to  grub  up  stumps. 

Sbronciare  or  Sbroncire  ind.  sbron- 
cio ;  to  get  cross. 

Sbronconare  ind.  sbroncdno  ;  i.  to 
grub  up  tree-stumps.  2.  —  1'  alabastro, 
to  work  alabaster  with  the  Rampino. 

Sbr6scia  / ;  very  weak  tea,  etc.,  v. 
Broscia. 

Sbrosciatura  f. ;  liquor  which  after 
serving  to  dye  silk  is  used  again  to 
stain  goat-skins. 

Sbrosciuccia  / ;  dim.  Sbroscia. 

t&brotare  or  Sbrotrare  (metathesis  of  Sbo- 
trare):  i.  of  water,  to  undermine  a  bank.  ii.  to 
publish  (verses). 

Sbrucare  ;  strengthened  <  Brucare, 
to  strip. 

+  Sbrucchi -are  or  -olare  ; -  Sdrucciolare,  to  slip. 

Sbruff-are  (L.  ex,  proflare,  cp.  Ron- 
fiare,  Tronfiare) ;  i.  to  squirt  upon,  with 
the  mouth,  or,  of  horses,  from  the  nos- 
trils. 2.  to  besprinkle,  generally.  AJf. 
-ata. 

£>bruff-o  m.  (t-a/);  hush-money, 
bribe  to  a  secretary  to  obtain  a  decora- 
tion, etc.  *  =  Sbruffata. 

Sbruscolare  ind.  sbri'iscolo  ;  to  re- 
move the  foreign  matters  from  the  pulp 
of  crushed  olives. 

*  Sbruttare  ;  to  beautify. 

Sbucare ;  i.  to  start  (a  fox,  etc.). 
2.  ind:  to  bolt. 


Sbbzzo  m.  ;=Abbozzo,  rough  sketch. 

Sbozzolare  ind.  sbozzolo ;  i .  tr.  to 
remove  the  cocoons  from  the  "  frasca." 

2.  intr.  of  the  silkworm  moth,  to  emerge 
from   its   cocoon.     3.  fig.  to  train  (an 
uneducated  person). 

*  i.  of  a  miller,  to  draw  out  the  proportion  of  meal 
which  he  retains  as  the  fee  for  grinding,  7'.  '.Boz- 
zolo  (B,  ii).  ii.  ~  Levar  via,  to  withdraw.  Hi.  = 
Scroccare,  to  cheat,  tiv.  =  Sbocciare,  to  blossom 
out. 

Sbozzolatura  / ;  collecting  the 
cocoons. 

Sbozzolire  tr.  or  intr. ;  to  train  or 
be  trained. 

Sbracalato  ;  with  the  breeches  un- 
done. 

Sbracallo  m. ;  undoing  the  breeches. 

Sbrac-are  (A) ;  strengthened  form  of 
Bracare,  to  pry  into.  (B);  (lit.  to  take 
off  the  breeches)  -arsi  dalle  risa,  to 
burst  one's  clothes  with  laughing. 
*-arsi,  to  exert  oneself. 

Sbracatamente ;  (laughing)  heartily. 

Sbracat-p ;  i.  very  much  at  one's 
ease,  //'/.  with  the  breeches  undone  ; 
Vita  -a,  very  comfortable  life.  2.  Tordi 
-i,  thrushes  beginning  to  go  bad. 

3.  Grasso  — ,  exceedingly  fat. 

Sbraccett-are  ind.  sbracce'tto ;  to 
give  one's  arm  to  (a  lady),  -arsi,  to  go 
arm  in  arm. 

Sbracci-are  ;  i.  to  get  rid  of,  lit.  to 
take  one's  arm  out  of  the  loop  of  a  shield 
or  the  like.  2.  intr.  to  swing  the  arms 
about.  3.  -arsi,  to  bare  one's  arms,  _/?£•. 
to  take  a  great  deal  of  trouble. 

Sbraccio  m. ;  elbow-room.    *scrap. 

*  Sbraceriay!;  profuseness. 

Sbraciare;  i.  to  stir  the  fire.  : 
to  spend  very  profusely.  3.  to 
very  big. 

Sbraciat-a/;  i.  a  stir,  to  the  fire. 
2.  big  language.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Sbraciat6io  m. ;  poker. 

Sbracio  m. ;  freq.  sb.  of  Sbraciare  (2) 
and  (3). 

Sbracidn-e  ;«.,  -a/;  boaster.  Aff. 
-ata,  boast. 

*  Sbraculato  ;  without  breeches. 
tSbraidare  ;  v.  Sbraitare. 

*  Sbraire  (?'.  Sbraitare)  ;  =  Nitrire,  to  neigh. 

Sbrait-are  ind.  sbraito  ;  to  shout, 
make  an  uproar. 

Ktyiii.  Cogn,  Aretine  dial,  sbraidare,  Perugian 
raitare,  Provenc.  braitittr,  braidir,  Fr.  braire,  to 
bray,  <  **bragitart,  freq.  of  bit.  bragire,  <  Celtic 
root  brag,  noise,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Brag,  Bray. 

Aff.  -amento,  -iofrey.  sb.,  -one. 

Sbramare ;  to  satisfy. 

Sbran-are  ;  to  tear  to  pieces.  AJf. 
-amdnto. 

Sbrancame'nto  ///. ;  v.  Sbrancare  (A). 

Sbranc-are  (A)  (<Branco);  to  de- 
tach, to  separate,  -arsi,  to  scatter. 

•(B)«  Branca);  to  lop. 

Shrancic-are  ind.  sbrancico ;  to  paw 
(a  thing)  about.  Aff.  -one. 


•fig- 
talk 


Sbrandellare  ind.  sbrandello  ;  to 
tear  into  strips. 

Sbrano  m. ;  \.  rent.  2.  piece  rent 
out. 

Sbratt-are  ;  to  clear  out. 

Aff.  -ata  sb. ,  -atina  dim.  iron.,  -o  clearance. 

Sbravazz-are  ;  to  bluster.  AJf.  -ata, 
-6ne. 

Sbraviere  m. ;  (^v;/M.)  =  Strillozzo, 
corn-bunting. 

*  Sbrazzare ;  =  Kravare. 

tSbrecc-are  (.cogti.  Venet.  and  Tyrol,  sbregar, 
<O.H.G.  brhhan,  >  Germ,  brechett,  v.  Skeat,  snf> 
Break);  i.  to  chip  the  rim  of  a  jug.  2.  fig.  De'  miei 
tu  non  ne  -hi  piu,  you  are  not  going  to  cheat  me  out 
of  anything  more;  Ragazza  -ata,  girl  who  has  lost 
her  honour  ;  Se  tu  lo  -hi !  iron.,  i.e.  get  it  if  you  can. 

tSbrenciolare  ;  Tar.  of  Spenzolare,  q.v. 

Sbrendol-are  ind.  sbrdndolo  or 
sbrendolo,  or  Sbrindellare  ind.  sbrin- 
dello ;  to  be  in  shreds.  AJf.  -o,  shred. 

Sbrendol-6ne  m.,  -6na/  ;  one  whose 
dress  is  in  shreds. 

*  Sbresciayj;  in  playingat  dibs,  catching  all  five. 
Sbreaci-are  ind.   sbrcscio  ;  =  Scarnare   le  pelli 

sul  cavalletto,   to  clean  a  hide.     Aff.  -atura. 
tSbriacare;  to  get  sober. 
*Sbriccare;  i.  to  hurl.     ii.  intr.  to  jump. 

Sbricchi-sbricchi ;  child's  game  of 
guessing  how  many  things  are  hidden 
in  one's  hand. 

*Sbricc-o  m.  (v.  Briccone);  scoundrel.  Alia 
-a,  —  Alia  sgherra,  gaily. 

Sbricconeggiare  ind.  sbriccondggio ; 
to  lead  a  bad  life,  to  act  in  a  rascally 
manner. 

*  Sbriciarsi ;  to  fall  to  pieces, 
t  Sbricio  ;  dressed  in  rags. 

Sbriciol-are  ind.  sbrfciolo ;  tr.  or 
intr.,  to  break  or  fall  into  bits.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -atura. 

Sbrig-are  ;  i.  to  dispose  of  speedily. 
2.  -arsi  di,  to  get  rid  of.  3.  -arsi,  to 
make  haste.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sbrigativ-o  ;  expeditious.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Sbrig-ato  ;    part.    -are.      As    aifj. : 

1.  done  with.     2.   quick,  smart. 

Sbrigli-are  (///.  to  take  off  the 
bridle)  ;  I.  in  surgery,  to  relieve  a 
strangulated  hernia.  2.  ind:  to  give 
jerks  to  a  bridle  ;  part,  -ato,  fig.  un- 
bridled. 

Sbrigliata  /  ;   i.  pull  at  the  bridle. 

2.  fig.  reproof. 

Sbrigliat-amente ;  without  restraint. 
Aff.  -e'zza. 

Sbrigliat-ina/;  dim.  iron,  of -a. 

*  Sbrigliatura/.;  =  Sbrigliata. 

Sbrindell-are,  -o,  -<5ne  ;  v.  Sbrendo- 
lare,  Sbrendol-o,  -one. 

t&brindol-are,  -ente,  -o  ;  v.  Sbrendol-are, 
-one,  -o. 

Sbrinze  m.  (cogn.  Wallach.  brinza, 
Polish  bryndza,  Bohemian  brynzai) ;  a 
variety  of  cheese. 

Sbrivid-ire  ind.  -isco;=Sgranchire, 
to  stretch. 

*_Sbrizzare  ;  i.  =  Sprizzare,  to  sprinkle,  ii.  = 
Sbriciolare. 


SBUCCHIARE— SCAGLIA 


533 


tSbucchi-are;  i.  =Sdrucciolare,  to  slip.  ii.  to 
slip  out  of  one's  hand.  iii.  -arsi,  to  grow  bent,  from 
work.  iv.  =Sbucciare,  to  husk. 

tSbucchi-o  ,„.;  a  slip.  Aff.  -one  augui., 
-olare  vt>. 


all. 

ne  -o  poco,  I  understand  very  little 
English.  4.  to  shirk  ;  Ero  uscito  de' 
giurati  ma  1'  ho  potuto  — ,  I  was  drawn 
for  the  jury  but  I  have  managed  to  get 
off  it.  5.  -arsi,  to  scrape  one's  skin. 
*-arsi,  =  Sbocciare,  to  blossom. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atura,  -aturina  dim. 
Sbuccicare  iiui.  sbuccico  ;  to  scrape  the  skin. 
*  Sbuccinare  ;=  Buccinare. 

Sbuccidne  ;//. ;  shirker. 

t  Sbucinarsi ;  =  Bucinarsi. 

Sbudell-are  ind.  sbudello  ;  to  stab 
in  the  abdomen,  lit.  to  disembowel. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Sbufare  (var.  of  Sbuffare) ;  to  belch. 

Sbuff-are  (<the  imit.  base  buf,  v. 
Buffa,  with  intensive  prefix  s-);  I.  of  a 
horse,  to  snort  in  alarm.  2.  (pers.)  to 
fume,  with  rage.  Aff.  -amento,  -ata. 

tSbuffito  m.  •  snort,  v.  Sbuffare. 

Sbuffo  m. ;  i.  strengthened  form  of 
Buffo.  2.  =  Sboffo,  full  sleeve. 

Sbufonchiare  ind.  sbufonchio  ;=  Bo- 
fonchiare. 

Sbuggerare  ind.  sbiiggero ;  =  Sciu- 
pare. 

Sbugiardare ;  to  convict  of  lying, 
or  simply  to  contradict. 

Sbullett-are  ind.  sbulldtto ;  i.  to 
draw  out  the  nails,  v.  Bulletta.  2.  intr. 
of  leaves,  or  of  the  plaster  on  a  wall,  etc., 
to  blister.  Aff.  -atura. 

*  Sburlare  tr.  or  intr. ;  of  the  eyes,  =  Stralunare. 

Sburrare  ;  to  remove  the  fatty  in- 
gredients. 

*  Sbusare  ;  =  Pelare,  to  rob. 

Sbuzzare  ;  i.  to  remove  the  intes- 
tines of  fowls,  fish,  etc.  2.  melon,  to 
stab  in  the  abdomen.  3.  fig.  to  open  a 
letter  or  package,  on  the  part  of  a  per- 
son to  whom  it  is  not  addressed,  or  to 
split  open  a  mattress  or  the  like.  4.  to 
evacuate  an  abscess. 

Sbuzzat6io  m. ;  knife  for  dressing 
fowls  or  fish. 

•Sbuzzolare;  of  olives,  =  Abbacchiare. 

Scabbia/  (L.  scabies,  < scabere,  to 
scrape,  T.  Skeat,  sub  Shave) ;  =  Rogna, 
the  itch. 

*  Scabbiare  ;  i.  to  cure  of  the  itch.  ii.  =  Piallare, 
to  plane,  iii.  intr.  to  suffer  from  the  itch. 

Scabbidsa/  (L.,  < scabies,  the  plant 
having  been  supposed  to  be  good  for 
curing  the  itch);  (hot.)  i.  —  muschiata, 
sweet  scabious,  Scabiosa  atropurpurea, 
also  termed  Fior  di  vedova,  Vedovina. 
2.  —  palustre,  marsh  wound-wort,  Sta- 


>  =  Scabroso, 


•Scabello  m.  ;=Sgabello,  footstool. 

Scabino  m.  (<  mlt.  scabinns,  <  old  Saxon  see- 
bino  corn,  with  O.H.G.  icephan.  >Germ.  schaj/en, 
A.S.  scyppan,  v.  Sk^at,  snb  Shape);  Scnbimis  is 
the  word  used  in  the  Capitularies  of  Charlemagne  to 
denote  the  office  instituted  by  him,  which  was  a  kind 
of  city  provostship. 

ScabicSsa  ;  v.  Scabbiosa. 

Scabr-o    (L.  scaber, 


light. 

Scacco  m.  (Arabic  shag,  <  Persian 
shah,  king,  so  that  the  orig.  meaning 

<-  *Uit  nf  MinH  th*>  Una'   «'./».  Cherk  ! 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

chys  palustris.     3-    "  de'  campi,  field      a  -,  to  go  shooting  hares  by  - 
knautia,  v.  Gallina  (10). 

Scabbi6so;   scabby, 
difficult. 
Sbucciafatlche  m. ;  shirker. 

Sbucci-are;  i.  to  skin.  2.  fig.,  pop. 
to  kill  (a  person).  3.  — ,  to  explain  or 
to  understand  (an  author)  superficially ; 
Fa  loro  —  un  po'  di  Virgilio  e  fermi  li, 
he  gets  them  just  to  have  some  notion 

of  Virgil  and  that  is  all ;    D'   inglese  Scabr-o    (L.   scaber,    root    scab,   to 

scratch,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Shabby,  Shave) ; 


rough.     Aff.  -e"zza. 

Scabros-o;  I.  rugged,  stronger  than 
Scabro.  2.  fig.  difficult,  thorny.  Aff. 
-amdnte,  -duo  dim.,  -ita. 

Scacascio  m. ;  diarrhoea  in  fowls. 
Scacato  ;  I.  a  coarse  term  for  the 
harsh  pronunciation  near  Florence, 
where  the  hard  c  is  sounded  like  an 
English  h.  2.  in  gilding,  pale.  3. 
covered  with  flies'  droppings. 

Scacazzare  (s-  intens.,  cacare) ;  to 
strew  droppings  about. 

•Scaccafava/;  i.  A  — ,  presumptively,    ii.  Zoc- 
coli  a  — ,  some  decorated  description  of  shoes. 

*  Scaccata  / ;  blow  given  with  one  of  the  chess- 
men. 

Scaccato  ;  chequered. 

Scaccheggiato  ;  a  sort  of  dim. 
Scaccato,  dotted  about. 

ScacchMde/ ;  poem  on  chess. 

Scacchi  m.  pi. ;  chess,  v.  Scacco. 

Scacchi-are  ;  i.  to  prune.  2.  intr. 
to  die.  Aff.  -atura. 

Scacchi&r-a/,  -e  m. ;  chess-board. 

Scacchiere  m.  (mlt.  scaccarium,  v. 
Scacco);  i.  =  Scacchiera.  2.  Cancelliere 
dello  — ,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer, 
in  England  ;  the  Court  of  Exchequer 
was  formerly  a  superior  court  which 
had  to  do  only  with  the  public  revenue, 
so  named  from  the  chequered  cloth 
which  used  to  cover  the  table  and  on 
which  the  accounts  were  reckoned. 
3.  (ornith.)  Cape  pigeon,  Daption  ca- 
pensis. 

Scacchino  m. ;  flaw  in  cloth. 

Scaccbistico  ;  of  chess. 
Scaccbiume     m.  ;     trimmings,     v. 
Scacchiare. 

Scaccia  m.  inded. ;  beater.  \f.  = 
Gruccia,  crutch. 

Scacciamento  ;«.;  v.  Scacciare. 

Scacciam6sche  in.  indecl. ;  fly-flap. 

Scacciapensifcri  m.  indecl. ;  i.  dis- 
traction. 2.  (mus.)  jew's-harp. 

Scacciare  ;  to  drive  away. 

Scacciat-a/;  i.  goldbeater's  skin, 
within  which  gold  is  beaten  out.  2.  v. 
Scacciare.  3.  Dare  una  — ,  to  give  a 
hasty  reading  to  a  book.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Scacciatdre  m. ;  scherz.  for  a  poor 
shot. 

Scacclno  m. ;  i.  verger  in  a  church, 
lit.  driver  away  (of  dogs).  2.  Andare 


was  that  of  Mind  the  king!  i.e.  Check! 
at  chess ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Check,  Chess) ; 
i.  square  on  a  chess-board  or  other 
check  pattern.  2.  in  pi.,  chess  ;  Una 
partita  a  scacchi,  a  game  of  chess. 

3.  at  chess,   check!    --  matto,  mate! 

4.  Vedere  il  sole  a  scacchi,  to  be   in 
prison. 

Scaccolare ;  to  remove  the  Caccole. 

•Scaccolo  m.;  scrap. 

Scaccomatto  m. ;  checkmate. 

*  Scachicchio  ;;/.;  =  Persona  stenta. 
•Scachizzare;  dim.freq.  of  Cacare. 

Scaciato  ;  i.  Rimanere  — ,  to  be 
"sold,"  "done."  2.  Bianco  — ,  very 
white,  ///.  white  as  cheese. 

Scadfcnza/  ;  i.  maturity  of  a  bill  of 
exchange.  2.  melon,  bill.  3.  fig.  fixed 
date  for  a  thing  of  any  kind. 

Scadenzario  m. ;  bills  diary. 

Scadenzi6r-e,  -o  m. ;  bill-book. 

Scadere/V'f/  scaddi,  part,  scaduto  ; 

1.  to   go   down   in   worth   or   esteem. 

2.  to  fall  due. 

*L  to  be  inferior,     ii.  to  occur,     iii.   to  fall  tor  to 
be  inherited  by.     iv.  part,  scaduto,  =  Sparuto,  thin. 

Scad-ibile;  falling  due.  -im6nto 
vbsb. ;  v.  -ere. 

root  scab,  to  scrape) ; 
boat. 


Scafandro  in.  (Gr.  o-icd<|»;,  dyijo) ; 
i.  diver's  dress.  2.  diver. 

t  Scafarda  f. ;  i.  =  Catinella.  ii.  =  Cappello  sbcr- 
tucciato.  iii.  =  Donna  sciatta. 

Scafare  ;  (ttifir.)—  Brattare,  to  scull. 
tScaffa./;  shelf  of  a  cupboard. 

Scaffal-are  inii.  scaffalo  ;  to  put  up 
shelves,  -ata/ ;  shelf-full,  -atura/ ; 
range  of  shelves. 

Scaffal-e  m.  (Germanic;  cp.  O.H.G. 
sea/,  old  Saxon  skap,  Dutch  schap,  all 
meaning  "  set  of  shelves,"  cp.  Skeat,  sub 
Shape) ;  set  of  book-shelves.  Aff.  -dtto 
-ino  dims.,  -one  augm. 

•Scaffare;  i.  to  make  odd  into  even.  ii.  to 
play  at  odd  and  even.  iii.  =  Traboccare,  to  fall. 

•Scafiglio,  Scafilo  >«.  (bit.  scafilus,  < O.H.G. 
scaphil) ',  a  measure  for  corn,  cp.  Germ.  Schefftl,  a 
bushel. 

Scafismo  m. ',  the  ancient  Persian  mode  of 
death  by  imprisoning  the  victim  in  a  boat. 

Scafo  m.  (bit.  scaphum,  <  Gr.  <nco- 
<j>os) ;  i.  (mar.)  hull  ;  —  annegato,  hull 
down.  2.  an  old  kind  of  instrument 
for  measuring  the  sun's  altitude. 
*=Baccello. 

Scafdide  >n.\  (<i//«^.)  =  the  scaphoid  bone  of  the 
foot. 

*  Scaggiale  m.  ;-Scheggiale,  belt. 

Scagionare  ind.  scagirino ;  to  acquit. 

Scagli-a/  (O.H.G.  scala,  root  seal, 
to  split,  cp.  Gothic  skalja,  a  tile,  11. 
Skeat,  sub  Scale,  Shell) ;  i.  scale  of  a 
fish  or  snake.  2.  flake  or  chip  of  stone. 
3.  (mil.)  slug;  Tirare  a  — ,  to  fire 
with  grape  shot.  4.  in  //.,  -e  di  ferro, 
spangles,  native  oxide  of  iron  used  in 


534 


SCAGLIARE— SCALMO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

of 


staining   glass.     5.   flakes  or  dross 
iron  when  under  the  hammer. 

*  i.  tortoise,     it.  sling ;  in  this  sense  the  word  was 
probably  a  back-formation  <  Scagliare,  to  fling. 

Scagli-are  (A)  (It.  scaglia,  flake,  //'/. 
therefore,  to  fling  chips  of  stone) ;  i.  to 
hurl.  2.  -arsi,  to  jump  about.  3.  v. 
Scagliato  in  loco. 

(B)  (mar.)  (by  change  of  prefix  from 
Incagliare  q.i'.) ;  to  refloat. 

Scagliato;  (tumid.)  covered  with  scales  of 
different  colour. 

Scagliatore  m. ;  nArf.  of  Scaghare  (A). 

Scagliett-a,  -ina  f. ;  i.  dim.,  sub-dim,  of 
Scaglia.  2.  the  name  of  a  kind  of  snuft. 

•Scaglietto  tn. :  —  di  sughero,  upper  cord  of  a 
fishing-net.     —  di  piombo,  the  lower  cord. 
*  Scagliettone  in.;  a  coarse  kind  of  snuff. 

Scagliol-a,  -iu61a  / ;  i.  dim.  of  Scaglia. 
2.  imitation  marble  made  from  a  special  variety  of 
gypsum,  scagliola.  3.  (tot.)  canary-seed  grass,  v. 
Erba  (22). 

Scagliona  f. ;  (vet.)  mare  with  tushes,  i: 
Scaglione. 

Scaglionare  ind.  scaghono ;  i.  to  arrange  in 
echelon.  2.  to  extract  a  horse's  tushes. 

Scaglioncino  w.\  dim.  Scaglione. 

Scaglione  M.  (altered  from  Scalone 
under  the  attraction  of  Scaglia,  flake  of 
stone);  i.  large  step.  2.  terrace  on  a 
mountain.  3.  (mil.)  e'chelon.  4.  (vet.) 
tush,  or  canine  tooth  of  a  horse,  not 
developed,  except  sometimes  to  a  slight 
extent,  in  a  mare. 

*  i.   chub  or  some  such  fish  with  large  scales, 
Ariosto,  Orl.   Fur.  10.   no.     ii.  =  Scalino. 

Scaglionettow.;(/(€'rrtA/.)a  chevron  diminished 
to  half  the  usual  length. 

Scagli6so;  scaly. 

Scagli-u61a(-uolo  m.);  v.  -ola. 
*Scagn-a  f.,  *-o  w.;  =  Aspata,  reel-full  of  silk. 

*  Scagnardo  ;  sj>reg.,  like  a  dog. 

Scagn-are  ;  to  give  tongue.  Aff.  -fo 
freq.  sb. 

Scagnetto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Scagno. 
2.  (mar.)  (a)  cuddy,  (*)  the  farthest 
cabin  aft  in  a  galley,  (c)  steersman's 
place  in  a  boat. 

Scagno  in.  (A)  (It.  cane)  ;  giving 
tongue. 

(B)  (mlt.  scannium,  for  scambiuw, 
exchange,  v.  Cambiare);  counting-house. 

*  i.  =  Scagna.     ii.  =  Scanno. 

Scagnbzz-o  (prob.  <  mlt.  scannium, 
v.  Scagno,  B) ;  i.  Prete  — ,  priest  who 
cadges  about  for  employment.  2.  fig. 
one  who  teaches  without  knowing  his 
subject.  Aff.  -are. 

*  Scaia  f. ;  i.  =  Piaga  maligna.     ii.  =  Scaglia. 
Scaio  tn. ;  buzzard,  v.  Poana. 

Scala  /  (A)  (L.,  <  scandere,  to 
climb,  v.  Scendere,  through  **scandu- 
la,**scaitdla,**scadla,scala);  i.  stairs, 
staircase.  2.  ladder  ;  the  full  term  is 

—  a  piuoli  ;  —  di  corda,  rope  ladder  ; 

—  di  gala,  reale,  or  di  comando,  accom- 
modation ladder  let  down  on  the  outside 
of  a  ship.     3.  ladder  in  fig.  sense  as  a 
means  to  an  end.    4.  steps  of  any  kind, 
e.g.  in  badly  cut  hair.     5.  scale,  grada- 
tion, e.g.  of  colouring,  or  punishments. 

6.  scale  of  a  map,  a  thermometer,  etc. 

7.  —  franca,  lit.  free  (use  of  the)  stairs, 
i.e.  liberty  of  action  granted  by  parents 
to  children  upon  their  growing  up.  8.  La 
Scala,  at  Milan,  the  name  of  a  theatre, 


originally  a  church,  so  called  from  the 
steps  leading  up  to  it.     9.  (mus.)  scale. 

10.  (mar.)  —  levatoia,  gangway  thrown 
from  the  shore  on  to  the  deck  of  a  ship. 

1 1.  —  di  foglio,  paper  cut  into  steps 
and   pinned  on  to   people's   backs  by 
boys,  a  practical  joke  appropriated  to 
the  season  of  mid- Lent.    12.  lazy-tongs. 
13.  Moltiplicare  a  — ,  where  the  multi- 
plier consists  of  several  figures. 

*(B);  =  Scalo.     Fare  scala,  to  go  into  fon,fig .  to 
stop. 

Scalabrfno  in. ;  sly  rogue,  lit. 
Calabrian. 

•Scalabrone  ;w.;  =  Calabrone,  bumble-bee. 

Scalaccia/;  fegg.  Scala. 

Scalamati  m. :  (vet.)  a  kind  of  phthisis  in 
horses. 

Scalamento  ;«.;  vbsfr.  of  Scalare. 

Scalandr6ne  ///.  ;  (mar.)  =  Avantiscalo,  the 
front  part  of  a  launching-slip  which  passes  down 
into  the  water,  'steps  lowered  from  the  deck  down 
outside  the  ship  to  a  boat. 

Scalappiare  ;  to  escape  from  a  snare. 

Seal-are;  i.  to  scale  by  ladders. 
2.  to  arrange  in  steps.  3.  to  scale 
down,  take  something  off  an  account. 
4.  to  graduate  taxes.  5.  to  arrange  by 
size,  according  to  height.  6.  to  form 
people  in  line.  As  adj.,  graduated.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atore. 

Scalbatray^;  bream,  Abramis  brama. 

Scalcagn-are  ;  i .  to  stamp  with  the 
heels.  2.  intr.  —  Battere  le  calcagne, 
i.e.  to  be  hurrying  along  ;  -arsi,  of 
horses,  to  strike  the  feet  in  trotting. 

Scale-are  (It.  scalco) ;  to  carve. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

•Scalcheggiare  ;/«•?.  ofScalcjare. 

Scalciare  ;  to  kick,  or  tr.  to  kick  up 
(dust). 

Scalcin-are  ind.  scalcfno  ;  to  knock 
off  the  plaster.  Aff.  -atura,  bare  place, 
where  the  plaster  has  fallen  off. 

Scalcinazi6ne  /. ;  separating  lime 
from  a  solution  or  from  a  metallic 
compound. 

Scalco  (O.H.G.  scale,  servant,  >  Germ.  Schalk, 
knave) ;  carver,  in  a  royal 


•(mar.) 
other 


household. 

steward,     ii.    extraction  of  the  oakum 
filling  from  seams. 

Scaldaletto  m.  •  warming-pan. 

Scaldaman-o,  -i  HI.  ;  i-  children's 
game  of  placing  hands  one  upon  another 
in  succession.  2.  hand-warmer. 

Scaldamento  m. ;  heating. 

Scaldapanche  m.  indecl. ;  idle 
student. 

Scaldapiatto  in.  indecl.  ;  plate- 
warmer. 

Scaldapiedi  m.  indecl. ;  foot-warmer. 

Scald-are  ;  to  heat,  -arsi,  to  get 
heated. 

Scaldaseggiole  m.  indecl.;  idler, 
esp.  one  who  pays  attentions  to  a  girl 
without  any  intention  of  marrying. 

Scaldat-a  / ;  warming.  Aff.  -ma 
dim. 

Scaldat6io  m. ;  hot  room  for  drying 
clothes. 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

Scaldat6re  m.  ;  i.  heater.  2.  fire- 
man on  a  locomotive. 

Scaldavivande  m.  indecl.  ;  plate- 
warmer. 

*  Scaldeggiare  ;=  Riscaldare,  to  excite. 

Scaldino  m.  •  hand-warmer,  portable 
warming-pan. 

Scaldo  HI.  ;  skald,  Scandinavian 
poet. 

Scalducciare  ;  to  warm  slightly. 

t  Scale  ;//.  ;  (/tfrtr.)=Scappavia,  captain's  gig. 

Scalea/  ;  flight  of  steps,  esp.  outside 
a  church. 

*  Far  le  scalee  di  Sant'  Ambrogio,  to  speak  ill  of 
a  person  behind  his  back. 

•Scalellay:;  i.  =  Gradinata,  flight  of  steps,  ii.  a 
kind  of  snare  for  birds. 

Scaleno  (Gr.  oxoATji/ds,  uneven);  as  E. 

*  Scalentare  ;  to  get  very  hot. 

Scaleo  in.  ;  i.  steps  on  wheels  for 
a  library.  2.  portable  steps  for  use  in 
a  house.  3.  flower-stand  arranged  in 
tiers.  *  =  Scala,  staircase,  D.  Purg. 
15.  36. 

Scalere/  pi.  ;  double  flight  of  stone 
steps  meeting  at  the  top  in  a  landing. 

Scalessare  ind.  scalesso  ;  to  go  out 
driving  in  a  Calesse. 

Scalessata/  ;  a  drive  in  a  carriage. 

Scaldtta  f.;  i  .  stairway.  2.  short 
ladder.  3.  knob  of  a  repeater  watch. 
4,  series  of  holes  for  hand-lamps  on  a 
lampstand.  5.  series  of  holes  in  the 
bars  of  a  Venetian  blind.  6.  Frutti  a 
—  ,  interest  diminishing  as  the  principal 
is  paid  off  by  instalments.  7.  (mus.) 
series  of  simple  notes,  or  flourishes, 
following  a  scale.  8.  flat  file. 

Scalettare  ind.  scaletto  ;  =  Scalare. 
Scalett-ina./;  dim.  -a. 
*Scalfare;  to  heat. 

*  Scalferotto  m.  ;  house-shoe. 

*  Scalficcare  ;  freq.  of  Scalfire,  to  scrape. 

*  Scalfiggere  ;  =  Scalfire. 

Scalf-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  part. 
-itto  (L.  scarificare,  <  scarifare,  <  Gr. 
(TKapupdopcu,  to  scratch,  c'p.  oxa^K^os, 
pointed  tool  ;  akin  to  L.  scribere  and  to 
Scalpello)  ;  to  scratch. 

Scalfittura/;  scratch. 
Scalina  f.  ;  dim.  vezz.  Scala. 
Scalinata  f.  \  flight  of  steps. 
Scalinetto  m.  ;  dim.  Scalino. 

Scalino  m.  ;  step  (of  a  flight  of 
stairs).  tA  —  ,  fan-shaped. 

t  Scallaiato  ;  in  a  bad  way. 

Scallare  ;  to  open  the  sluices,  v. 
Calla  (i). 

Scalman-a  (Scarmana)_/;  (s-  intens., 
and  calma  in  its  orig.  sense  of  heat  or 
fever,  =  Gr.  xnvpa)  ;  chill.  Aff.  -arsi  to 
take  a  chill,  -uccia  dim. 

t  Scalmare  ;  =  Smorzare. 

*  Scalmata  f.  ;    (mar.)    extra    bulwark    nailed 
along  the  line  of  the  Scalmi  of  a  galley. 

*Scalmato;  =  Scalmanato,  feverish. 

ScalmierayC;  (mar.)  i.  the  rowlocks  or  thole. 
pins  as  a  whole.  2.  —  d1  imbarcazione,  rowlock. 
3.  distance  between  the  ranges  of  the  rowlocks  in  a 


galley  with  more  than  one  bank  of  oars. 

Scalm-o,    Scarm-o    tn.    (L.,  <  Gr-    cn 
///.    chipped    thing,  <  axaAAw,    to    chip)  ;    (mar.) 


SCALMOTTO— SCANDAGLIARE 


535 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

Scamici-arsi ;  to  take  off  one's  coat 
and  waistcoat.     Part,  -ato,  plebeian. 

*  Scamillo  in.  ;=  Picdistallo  risaltato. 

Scammellata  /. ;  ride  on  a  camel. 


i.  stanchion.  2.  —  di  costa,  futtock;  -i  di  cubia, 
hawse-timbers  constituting  a  part  of  the  frame  of 
the  ship  near  the  stem ;  —  di  rovescio,  —  flesso,  top 
timber ;  -i  delie  porche,  futtock  riders.  3.  thole-pin 
of  a  boat  or  galley  ;  (a)  —  allo  stroppo,  with  a  thong 


for  the  oar,  (6)  —  doppio,  two  thole-pins  making  a 
rowlock,  (<:)  —  a  forcella,  forked  thole-pin,  likewise 
making  a  rowlock,  (d)  —  a  natola,  where  the  oar 
passes  through  an  aperture  in  the  washboards,  (f)  — 
a  portello,  where  the  oar  passes  through  an  aperture 
in  the  side  of  the  boat  itself,  (_/)  —  al  posticcio, 
where  the  rowlock  or  thole-pin  was  on  the  outrigger, 
z1.  Posticcio.  4.  ftifton.  boat. 

Scalmdtto  m. ;  (mar.)  stanchion. 

Scalo  m.  (var.  of  Scala) ;  i.  (mar.} 
wharf;  -  -  d'  approdo,  landing-place. 

2.  port  of  call.     3.   —  di   costruzione, 
building-slip ;  —  d'  alaggio,  slipway  up 
which  a  vessel  is  hauled  for  the  purpose 
of  cleaning  her  hull.    4.  goods  platform 
or  wharf  of  a  railway  station.     5.  rope- 
walk. 

tScaldcchio  ;«.;  roughly  made  step. 
*Scaloccio  in. ;    Remo  di  — ,  =  Remo  grosso, 
sweep  of  a  galley. 

Scalogno  m.  (L.  ascalonia,  <  the 
city  of  Ascalon  in  Palestine) ;  (bot.} 
shallot,  v.  Cipolla  (8). 

Scal6n-a/;  long  staircase,  -e  m. ; 
grand  staircase.  *  =  Scaglione. 

Scalor-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  cool. 

*  Scalpedray?;  a  title  invented  by  Boccaccio. 

*  Scalpeggiare  ;  —  Scalpitare. 

Scalpell-are,  Scarpell-are ;  i .  to 
chisel.  2.  to  destroy  (an  inscription) 
by  chiselling  it  out.  3.  Occhi  -ati, 
inflamed  eyes.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

Scalpelletto  ;«. ;  mortise  chisel. 

Scalpell-ino  m. ;  i.  mason.  2.  dim. 
Scalpello.  Aff.  -inare. 

Scalpell-0  m.  (L.  scalpellum,  dim.  of 
scalprum,  <  scalpere,  to  cut,  root  skel, 
>  Germanic  base  skal,  to  cleave,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Scale,  i  and  2 ;  cp.  It.  scri- 
vere,  scalfire);  i.  chisel.  2.  scalpel. 
Aff.  -one  augrn. 

*  Scalpere ;  to  chisel. 

Scalpicc-iare  (It.  scalpitio,  through 
a  form  ** scalpitiare) ;  to  trample.  Aff. 
-iame'nto,  -iofrey.  si. 

Scalpit-are  ind.  scdlpito  (either  < 
L.  scalpere,  v.  Scalpello,  or  <  It.  cal- 
pestare  by  transposition  of  the  s,  possibly 
under  the  attraction  of  L.  scalpere  or 
its  derivatives);  of  horses,  to  paw  the 
ground.  *  =  Calpestare,  to  trample  upon. 
Aff.  -amento,  -iofrey.  sb. 

Scalp6re  m.  (from  the  stem  of  Scal- 
pitare);  i.  noise.  2.  noisy  complaint. 

3.  Male  che  non  ha  fatto  — ,  trouble 
which  has  had  no  serious  consequences. 

*  Scalpro  w.;  =  Scalpello,  chisel. 

Scaltr-am^nte,  -6zza;  v.  Scaltro. 
-im^nto ;  iibsb.  of  -ire.  -ire ;  to  make 
smart,  -itam^nte;  adv. 

Scaltro  ;  clever,  smart,  shrewd  ; 
sometimes  with  a  certain  amount  of 
fault  implied,  like  E.  sharp. 

Etym.  dub.  The  obvious  derivation  is  from  j- 
intensive  and  L.  cauttts  with  «  altered  to  I  (cp. 
Aldace  and  Audace)  and  r  added  for  euphony,  which 
agrees  perfectly  with  the  sense.  On  this  theory 
Scaltrire  would  be  the  derivative  of  Scaltro.  But 
it  may  be  the  other  way  about,  Scaltrire  being  the 


earlier  word  and  formed  from  L.  scalpturire,  to 
scratch,  like  hens,  <  scalpere,  to  carve,  which  is 
Diez's  suggestion.  Scaltrire  would  then  mean  pri- 
marily "to  engrave  like  a  gem  "and  so  "to  smarten." 
Scalucciay?;  dim.  Scala. 


Scalvare  ;    i.  =  Diramare,  to   lop. 

2.  to  scalp.     *to  make  bald. 

Scalzacane  m. ;  ragamuffin. 
'Scalzagatto  m.;  =  Scalzacane. 

Scalz-are ;  i.  to  remove  the  shoes 
and  stockings.  2.  to  lay  bare  the  roots ; 
-a  bene  quell'  albero  e  nella  buca  getta 
del  concio,  clear  away  the  earth  at  the 
root  of  that  tree  and  throw  in  some 
manure.  3.  to  undermine,  a  wall  or 
river  bank,  or  a  person's  authority. 
4.  to  pump  a  person  for  information. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Scalz-atoio  m.;  dentist's  lancet.  -at6re ;  v. 
-are. 

Scalzatura/;  ;'.  Scalzare.    'wedding-present. 

Scalzo ;  barefooted. 

Scamaldolare  ind.  scamaldolo;  to 
be  noisy,  v.  Camaldoli  (3). 

t  Scamancevole  ;  =  Noioso,  tiresome. 

Scam-atare  (etym.  unkn.~] ;  i.  to 
soften  wool  by  beating.  2.  to  beat  the 
dust  out  of  carpets,  etc.  Aff.  -atfno 
wool-beater,  -ato  wool-beater's  rod. 

Scambiamano ;  A  — ,  hand  over 
hand. 

Scambi-are;  i.  to  mistake;  L' uno 
si  -a  per  1'  altro,  the  one  is  readily  mis- 
taken for  the  other;  Cristalli  che  si 
-ano  con  diamanti,  crystals  that  can  be 
easily  mistaken  for  diamonds ;  Scusi, 
ho  -ato,  I  beg  your  pardon,  I  took  you 
for  somebody  else.  2.  to  exchange. 

3.  M'  hanno  -ato  1'  ombrello,  they  have 
taken  my  umbrella  and  left  me  another 
one.     4.    --  le  carte  in  mano,  or  —  i 
dadi,  to  wrest  into  something  different, 
v.    Dado.      5.    pop.   for    Cambiare,   to 
change    money   into    smaller   denomi- 
nations.    6.    -  -   un   occhio,  to   squint. 
7.    to  transfer,  an  official.     8.    to  take 
the  place  of  a  retiring  official.     9.    to 
switch.     Aff.  -amento. 

Scambi6tt-o  in. ;  i.  change  of  feet 
in  dancing.  2.  Jig.  play  upon  words. 
3.  =  Spessa  mutazione.  Aff.  -are. 

Scambie' vol-e ;  reci  procal.  Aff.  -6zza, 
-mdnte. 

Scambio  m. ;  i.  exchange.  2.  mis- 
take ;  Ha  fatto  uno  —  grosso  a  prender 
que'  danari  che  non  eran  suoi,  he  made 
a  terrible  mistake  in  taking  that  money 
which  was  not  his  own.  3.  Essere 
andato  per  — ,  to  have  taken  a  tem- 
porary situation.  4.  Homessouno — , 
oggi  sono  libero,  I  have  got  a  substitute 
and  am  free  for  to-day.  5.  Libero  — , 
free  trade. 

Scambista  m. ;  i.  pointsman.  2. 
Libero  — ,  free-trader. 

Scamerare  ind.  scamero;  (leg.)  to 
restore  confiscated  goods. 

Scamerita  / ;  fillet  of  pork. 

•Scameruzzolo  «.;  =  Sdrucciolone,  Ku/zolone 


t  Scamoccolare ;  =  Smoccolare. 

*  Scamoiare  ;  to  run  away. 

Scamon-ea  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.  incafiMioyta) ;  i. 
(fftartn.)  scammony.  2.  Jig.  unhealthy  looking, 
repulsive  person.  Aff.  -eato,  containing  scammony; 
-ina,  the  alkaloid. 

Scamdnio  tn. ;  (bot,)  scammony,  Convolvulus 
sciitiiHioniuiH. 

Scamorza./;  a  kind  of  cheese  in  South  Italy. 

Scamosci-are  ind.  scamoscio ;  to 
dress  chamois  skins,  or  to  dress  other 
skins  so  that  they  look  like  chamois 
skins.  Aff.  -atore. 

Scamosoio ;  of  chamois.  As  sb.,  = 
Camoscio,  chamois. 

Scamozzare  (for  s-capo-mozzare) ; 
to  cut  close,  to  pollard. 

*  Scamozzolo    (Scamuzzolo,    Scomuzzolo,   Sgo- 
muzzolo)  m.  (It.  scamozzare) ;  tiny  piece. 

Scampaforca  m.  indecl.  ;  scape- 
gallows. 

Scampagn-are ;  to  have  a  run  in  the 
country.  Aff.  -ata. 

Scampam6nto  m. ;  =  Scampo,escape. 

Scampanacciata  /  ;  rough  music. 

Scampan-are  ind.  scampano ;  to  ring 
bells  loudly.  Aff.  -ata. 

Scampanell-are  ind.  scampanello  ; 
to  ring  the  door-bell  loudly.  Aff.  -ata, 
-iofrey.  sb. 

Scampanio  m. ;  fret],  sb.  of  Scampa- 
nare. 

Scampare  (L.  ex,  campus,  battle- 
field); i.  to  escape.  2.  tr.  to  save. 

*  Scampaticcio;  recovered  from  serious  illness. 

Scampo  tn.;  \.  escape.  2.  Nor- 
wegian lobster,  Cancer  norvegicus. 

Scampol-o ;«.  (It.  scampare) ;  i.  rem- 
nant of  stuff.  2.  fig.  remnant  of  time, 
odd  moment.  Aff.  -dtto,  -ino,  -uccio  dims. 

*  Scamuffare  ;  =  Camuffare,  to  disguise. 

*  Scamuzzolo  ;  v.  Scamozzolo. 

*Scan-a  y^;  =  Zanna,  tooth.  Metier  le  -e,  of  a 
horse,  to  grow  the  two  lateral  teeth  on  each  side,  at 
its  fifth  year. 

Scanagli-are  ;  to  behave  like  a  cad. 
-arsi,  of  journalists,  to  slang  one  another. 

Scanal-are  ind.  scanalo;  i.  =  Scan- 
nellare,  to  channel.  2.  fig.  to  depart 
from  the  usual  routine.  Aff.  -atura. 

t  Scanapugliarsi  ;  to  break  like  a  dry  stalk, 
Canapule. 

Scancell-are  ind.  scancello ;  to  can- 
cel completely.  Aff.  -abile. 

Scancellaticcio  m. ;  writing  full  of 
erasures. 

•Scanceria,  *Scancia/;  =  Scansia,  bookshelf. 

Scancio  (Sgancio,  Sguancio)  m. ; 
used  adverbially  with  A,  Di  or  Per,  for 
obliquely,  slantwise. 

Etym.  Referred  by  Diez  to  Germ,  sckivank^ 
pliable,  a  word  cognate  with  schwtHgett,  to  swing  ; 
Korting  suggests  O.  H.G.  wankon,  to  wobble,  with 
s-  intensive  prefixed ;  the  connections  of  wa-nkon 
agree  best  with  the  sense  of  Scancio.  Cp.  Skeat, 
sub  Wink. 

Scandagli-are ;  to  sound.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -at6re. 


536 


SCANDAGLIO— SCAPPAMENTO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


ill-temper. 
i.  v.  -o. 


Scandaglio  m.  ;  i.  lead,  for  sounding, 
usu.  in  the  sea,  but  also  elsewhere,  e.g. 
in  a  mine.  2.  fig.  —  dei  fatti,  exami- 
nation of  affairs.  3.  sounding-rod. 

Etym.  mlt.  scandilia,  steps  of  a  ladder,  <  L. 
scantier?,  to  climb,  probably  from  the  measurements 
marked  on  the  sounding  line,  so  that  the  original 
meaning  would  seem  to  have  been  the  measuring 
rod  or  Tine  rather  than  the  lead  ;  cp.  Scandiglio. 

Scandal-izzare,  -o,  -osamente,  -6so;  as  E. 
(eccl.  L.  ,  <  Gr.  ffKavSa^ov,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Scandal). 

Scandell-a  /  ;  (A);  (tot.)  spelt,  Triticnm 
sJxtUti,  also  termed  Orzola.  Aff.  *accia  pegg. 

Etym.  A  sort  of  dint.  from  L.  scandata,  spelt. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  a  number  of  place-names 
derived  presumably  from  what  grew  in  those  spots, 
such  as  Scandolaia  at  Arezzo,  Scandolara  at  Treviso 
and  Cremona,  Scandolera  at  Turin,  Scandolaro  at 
Foligno,  Scandalit  at  Padua,  to  which  may  be  added 
Spaltara  at  Foiigno,  <  Spelta,  Filicaia  and  Filigare 
in  Tuscany,  <  Filice  =  Felce. 
*(K);  droplet  of  oil. 

Scand-ere  (L.  scandere,  lit.  to  climb, 
hence  to  scan,  as  it  were  to  climb  the 
verses)  perf.  -ei  or  -ctti,  the  part,  used 
is  that  of  Scandire;  i.  i.y.  Scandire,  to 
scan.  2.  (obsolete,  except  in  prcs.part. 
Scandente)  to  climb. 

Scandcrona  /.  ;  (hot.)  St  John's  wort,  v.  Erba 
(127,  a). 

*  Scandescenzayl;  =  Escandescenz 
*ScandigIi-are  ;  i.=Scandagliare. 

Scandiglio  in.  ;  a  measure  of  broken 
stones,  viz.  such  amount  as  will  make 
one  metre  square  by  a  quarter  of  a  metre 
in  height. 

Etym.  mlt.  scivuiilia,  v.  Scandaglio,  the  sense 
being  derived  from  scandilia  as  a  measurer. 

Scand-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  scan  (verses),  ?'.  Scan- 
dere  (t). 

*  Scandola  (Scandorla)  f.  ;  =  Assicella,   shingle, 
wooden  roofing-tile. 

Etym.  L.  scaiutula  (>  Fr.  echandole,  a  word 
adopted  from  the  patois  of  south-east  France).  There 
was  a  later  form  scindula,  probably  due  to  a  supposed 
connection  with  scittdere,  but  this  does  not  concern 
the  Italian  word,  though  it  originated  O.H.G.  scin- 
tula  and  also  the  Middle  E.  shingle,  altered  from 
shindle,  an  Anglicised  form  of  L.  scinttula.  The  E. 
shindle  is  still  in  use  in  Devonshire. 

*  Scandolaro  in.  ;  i.  roofer,  v.  .Scandola.  ii.  (mar.) 
captain's  cabin  in  a  galley. 

*  Scandorla  f.  ;  =  Scandola. 

*Scanfarda;  i.—Orinale.      ii.  fig.  =  Sgua!drina. 

*  Scange  in.  ;  stuff  of  changeable  colour. 

Scangeo  m.  (It.  cangiare,  with  in- 
tensive prefix  s-);  troublesome  accident. 

tScanicapulci  ;  full  of  fleas,  f.  Scanicare  (iii). 

*Scanic-are;  i.  =  Scalcinare,  to  strip  oft  the 
plaster,  ii.  -arsi,  of  grain,  to  fall  out  of  the  ears. 
tiii.  to  strew  things  about,  draggle  one's  dress,  etc. 

tScanicasale  ;  Rambino  —  ,  -Cheperde,  scanica 
la  camicia. 

Scanicciare;  to  break  the  Canniccio  and  let 
the  chestnuts  fall. 

*  Scanicone  ;  v.  Scanicare  (iii). 
*Scanidato;  white. 

*  Scanizzare  ;  =  Scagnare,  to  give  tongue. 
*Scannabecco  m.  ;  butcher's  knife. 

*  Scannadeo  m.  (lit.  one   who  would  cut   the 
throat  of  God)  ;  =  Gabbadeo. 

Scannafosso  tn.\  open  drain,  'covered  ap- 
proach to  the  foss  of  a  fortress. 

*  Scannaminestre  in.  ;  =  Smargiassone.blusterer. 

*  Scannapagnotte  or  Scannapane  w.;  =  Sbuc- 
cione. 

Scann-are;  i.  to  cut  the  throat  of. 
2.  fig.  to  ruin.  3.  the  opposite  of  In- 
cannare.  4.  part,  -ato,  =  Povero  in 
canna,  poor,  v.  Canna  (3).  Aff.  -atoio 
gambling-hell,  brothel  or  the  like  ; 
"slaughter-house  ;  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice. 

Scannell-are  ind.  scannello;  i.  to 
unwind  thread  from  a  reel.  2.  (arch.) 
to  flute,  to  chamfer.  3.  of  a  liquid,  to 
gush  out  from  a  spout.  4.  to  thin  out 
reeds.  Aff.  -amento. 


Scannellato  m. ;  fluted  work. 
Scannellatura  / ;  i.y.  Scanalatura. 

Scannello  m.  (A)  (dim.  Scanno); 
i.  writing-desk.  2.  spring-block  of  a 
carriage,  the  piece  resting  upon  the 
spring  supporting  the  frame.  3.  (mus.) 
=  Rialzo  per  tener  le  corde  a  distanza 
dalla  tavola  armonica.  *small  footstool. 

(B);  (butch.)  steak  from  the  lower 
part  of  the  hind-quarters ;  in  this  sense 
the  word  is  probably  Canello  with  an  .1 
as  idle  prefix,  the  piece  of  meat  having 
been  regarded  as  like  a  Canello,  cane- 
stalk. 

Scanno  ///.  (L.  scamnum,  bench,  root 
sfa/>,  to  support,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sceptre, 
Shaft);  i.  presidential  chair.  2.  (mar.) 
bar,  sand-bank. 

*  Scannonezzare  ;  to  batter  down. 

Scanonicare  ;  to  deprive  (a  canon). 

Scanonizzare ;    to    uncanonise    (a 

saint). 

Scansafatfche  /«.  or/  indccl. ;  lazy- 
bones. 

Scans-are;  i.  to  move  away;  -a 
codesto  tavolino  dal  muro,  move  that 
little  table  away  from  the  wall.  2.  to 
avoid  the  society  of.  3.  to  escape  from. 
4.  of  the  wind,  to  lull.  Aff.  -ame'iito. 

Scansar6te  in.  indecl. ;  iron  guard 
placed  at  the  base  of  a  door-post  to 
prevent  wheels  from  striking  it. 

Scansia  /  (mlt.  scancia,< O.H.G. 
srfinc,  cupboard  with  shelves);  i.q.  Scaf- 
fale,  book-case. 

Scanso  m.;  i.  A  --  di,  for  the 
purpose  of  avoiding.  2.  lull,  in  the 
wind.  3.  Caricare  a  — ,  to  charter  for 
a  lump  sum. 

*  Scant inare;  i.  to  go  out  of  tune.     ii.  to  fail  in 
duty. 

*  Scantolo  in. ;  -  Stipite,  door-post. 

Scanton-are  ind.  scantono  ;  i.  to 
take  off  the  corners  of.  2.  intr.  to 
hide  round  a  corner,  or  tr.  to  avoid  (by 
turning  round  a  corner).  3.  to  dog's- 
ear.  Aff.  -atura. 

Scantucciare ;  to  cut  off  the  edges. 

*  Scanutire  ;  to  grow  old. 

Scapacci6n-e  (Scapezzone)  m.  (s 
intens.  and  Capo,  with  pegg.  suffix  in- 
dicating the  roughness  of  the  act) ; 
i.  cuff  on  the  head.  2.  Passare  a  — , 
to  go  into  a  theatre  without  paying,  or 
to  pass  an  examination  without  studying. 
Aff.  -are  -vb. 

Scaparb-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  remove 
the  obstinacy  of. 

Scap-are ;  to  take  away  the  head, 
-arsi,  to  go  crazy. 

Scapata;  Alia  — ,  recklessly. 

Scapat-accio  pegg.,  -aggine  s6., 
-amente  i.q.  Alia  -a,  -611o  dim.  vezz. ; 
•v.  -o. 

Scapat-o ;  i.  headless.  2.  fig. 
thoughtless.  Aff.  -one  au^tn. 


t  Scapeare  ind.  scapco ;  of  a  horse,  to  toss  the 
head  about. 

Scapecchi-are  ind.  scape'cchio  ;  to 
comb  out  the  loose  fibres  of  flax.  *-arsi, 
to  free  oneself. 

Scapecchiatdio  m. ;  flax-comb, 
hackle. 

tScapeggiare  ind.  scapeggio;    to   shake   one's 
head. 

*  Scapegl iare  ;  =  Scapigliare. 

*  Scapestare  ;  =  Calpestare,  to  trample. 

*  Scapestr-are  (not  obsolete  in  part,  -ato,  q.v.)  : 
to  live  dissolutely,    -arsi,  to  slip  one's  head  out  of  the 
halter.yff.  to  rush  to  one  s  ruin. 

Scapestrat-o ;  wild,  lit.  halterless, 
but  usu.  as  si.,  scapegrace,  rascal.  Aff. 
-dggine,  -amdnte. 

Scapezz-are  ind.  scapezzo  (bit.  **ex- 
capitiare) ;  i.  to  cut  all  the  large  branches 
off  the  stem,  e.g.  of  a  fig-tree,  leaving 
only  the  young  shoots.  2.  fig.  to  bring 
down,  reduce  to  humble  proportions. 
Aff.  -o  or  -arndnto  sb. 

t  Scapezzonare  ;  =  Scapaccionare,  to  cuff. 

*  Scapezzone  tn. ;  =  Scapaccione,  cuff  on  the 
head. 

Scapigli-are  (Scapegliare) ;  to  ruffle, 
-arsi,  to  get  one's  hair  untidy,  fig.  to 
become  dissolute. 

Scapigliata  /;  (hot.)  \.  love-in-a- 
mist,  Nigella  damascena,  also  termed 
Anigella,  Scompigli,  Fanciullaccia, 
Streghe,  Uamigeile,  Zampe  di  ragno. 
2.  in//.,  =  Capelvenere,  maidenhair  fern. 

Scapigliatura  f. ;  debauchery,  Bo- 
hemianism. 

Scapit-are  ind.  scapito  (//'/.  to  suffer 
the  loss  of  a  head  of  stock,  lose  an 
animal,  <  bit.  **ex-  or  ** dis-capitare) ; 
to  suffer  loss.  Aff.  -o,  loss. 

Scapitozzare  ind.  scapitozzo  (It.  j- 
priv.,  capo,  tozzo) ;  to  pollard  a  tree. 

Scapo  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Shaft) ; 

1.  shaft  of  a  column.    2.  stalk  of  a  plant. 

Scapocchiare  ind.  scapocchio ;  to 
take  away  the  head,  Capocchia. 

Scapola/.  (L.) ;  shoulder-blade,  usu. 
Paletta. 

Scapol-are  (A)  m. ;  (eccl.)  scapular, 
i.e.  (a)  two  little  pieces  of  cloth  tied 
together  by  strings  passing  over  the 
shoulders  worn  by  lay  persons  in  token 
of  devotion,  (b)  a  short  cloak  with  a 
hood,  a  monastic  working-dress,  (f)  a 
long  strip  of  cloth  worn  by  some  Orders. 

(B)  (cogn.  Sardin.  iscabutliri,  Span. 
escabullirse,  <  ** ex-capulare,  to  escape 
from  the  noose,  -v.  Cappio) ;  i.  to  rescue. 

2.  intr.  or  rejl.,  -arsi,  to  escape,  slip 
away. 

*  Scapolla  /.;  stupid  saying. 

Scapolo  m.  (It.  scapolare,  B)  ; 
i.  bachelor.  2.  free  sailor  or  soldier 
on  a  galley  as  opposed  to  the  chained 
galley-slaves  or  convicts. 

*  Scapolone  »i. ;  a  kind  of  strong  canvas. 

Scapon-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  humble, 
bring  to  reason. 

Scappamento  m. ;  (watchm.)  escape- 
ment. 


SCAPPARE— SCARICO 


537 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


Scapp-are  (bit.  ** ex-cappare,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Escape);  i.  to  escape;  - 
la  pazienza,  to  lose  patience.  2.  —  di 
corpo,  or  da  far  di  corpo,  to  be  taken 
short.  3.  to  run  off  quickly;  A  -a  e 
fuggi,  in  great  haste;  (Calzoni,  Ma- 
niche)  -anti,  rather  short.  4.  Polenda 
cogli  uccelli  -ati,  polenta  with  sage, 
oil,  cheese,  etc.,  as  if  there  were  small 
birds  with  it,  but  no  birds.  Similarly, 
Patate  a  polio  -ato,  potatoes  served 
with  stuffing  as  if  for  a  fowl.  5.  of  an 
unexpected  occurrence,  -era  senatore, 
he  will  come  out  as  a  senator. 

Scappat-a  /  ;  i.  starting  off,  when 
a  horse  or  dog  is  let  go.  2.  excursion  ; 
—  in  montagna,  a  run  into  the  moun- 
tains. 3.  outburst  (of  language). 
4.  escapade,  prank.  5.  oversight,  error. 
*starting-place  of  racehorses.  Aff.  -ac- 
c\a.pegg.,  -ella  dim. 

Scappatina/  ;  dim.  Scappata  (2). 

Scappatdia/  ;  pretext  for  not  doing 
something. 

Scappat6re  m.  ;  of  a  horse,  fast 
goer. 

Scappavfa/;  i.  passage,  side-door. 
2.  excuse  for  not  doing  something, 
loophole.  3.  A  — ,  hastily.  4.  (mar.) 
captain's  gig. 

Scappellare  ind.  scappello;  i.  to 
salute  by  raising  the  hat.  2.  scherz.  to 
knock  the  hat  off.  3.  to  unhood  (a 
hawk).  4.  (mar.}  v.  Discappellare. 

Scappellata  f. ;  profound  saluta- 
tion. 

Scappellatura/ ;  grovelling  salute. 

Scappell6tt-o  m. ;  cuff,  less  violent 
than  Scapaccione,  lit.  such  as  would 
knock  off  the  hat.  Passare  a  — ,  =  Pas- 
sare  a  scapaccione,  v.  Scapaccione  (2). 
Aff.  -are  vb. 

•Scapperuccio  m. ;  =  Cappuccio,  hood. 

*Scappiay.;  chips  of  stone  or  wood.  Etym.  It. 
**scappiare,  to  trim  with  an  adze;  cp.  O.H.G. 
scapttn,  vb.  (>Germ.  schaben,  to  scrape),  and  scaba, 
a  plane,  E.  shave,  fj.-v.  in  Skeat. 

*  Scappiare  ;  to  unloose. 

Scappiettare  ind.  scappidtto ;  to 
take  off  the  Cappietto,  little  string 
fastened  to  the  end  of  a  stocking, 
handkerchief,  etc.,  in  the  wash  to  dis- 
tinguish it  from  others  or  to  hang  it 
up  by. 

*  Scappinare  ;  to  form  the  sole  of  a  stocking. 
*Scappino  in.:    i.  =  Pedale,  sole  of  a  stocking. 

ii.  a  "mask,"  f.  Maschera,  of  the  Italian  stage, 
representing  the  crafty  servant ;  hence  generally, 
cunning  fellow.  This  mask  was  the  origin  of 
Moliere's  Scapin. 

Etym.     Cogn.  old  Fr.  escapiti,  escarpin,  Span. 
escarpin,  slipper,  <  L.  scarpa,  shoe  (>  Fr.  esctirpe, 
Span,  escarpa),  as  it  were  one  who  assists  his  master 
in  running  away,  Scarpinando. 
t  Scappiu6la  y ;  dim.  Scappia. 

*  Scappo  ;  =  Scappato. 

Scappolo  m.;  (mttail.)  bloom,  slab. 

Scapponata  f.  ;  feast  on  capons, 
esp.  among  the  peasantry  on  the  birth 
of  a  first  son. 

*  Scapponeo  «*.;  =  Kaman/ina,  scolding,  lit.  the 
row  made  at  a  Scapponata. 


Scappottare    ind.    scappotto  ; 
piquet,  to  save  a  capot. 

H. 


at 


Scappricciare  ;  v.  Scapricciare. 

Scappucciare  ;  i.  to  take  off  the 
hood.  2.  to  stumble,  esp.  fig.  to  make 
a  mistake,  v.  Scappuccio. 

*Scappuccino  ;«. ;  i.  =  Cappuccino  ;  the  Fran- 
ciscan  monks  having  gone  with  un-:overed  heads  out 
of  humility  at  the  period  when  people  often  covered 
their  heads  with  a  hood,  may  fur  this  reason  have 
been  at  first  termed  Scappuccmi,  hoodless.  ii.  small 
hood. 

Scappuccio  m. ;  i.  striking  the  foot 
against  a  stone.  2.  fig.  error. 

Etym.  obscure.  Scappucciare  and  Scappuccio 
may  be  derived  in  some  way  out  of  Cappa,  cloak, 
cp.  Incappare,  to  entangle  in  a  trap  or  plot,  formed 
from  Scappare,  to  release  from  (the  entanglement 
of)  a  cloak,  but  there  is  nothing  to  show  how. 
Another  suggestion  is  that  of  derivation  from  Span. 
chfipuzar,  to  plunge,  but  this  has  nothing  to  con- 
firm it. 

*  Scaprestare  ;  metathesis  for  Scapestrare. 

Scapricci-are,  Scapriccire  ;  to  cure 
of  eccentricity,  or  caprice,  -arsi,  to 
have  one's  fling. 

Scaprugginare  ind.  scapruggino;  to 
break  the  notches,  v.  Capruggine. 

Scarabattol-o  >«.,  -a  /  (It.  cara- 
battole  y.v.,  the  prefix  being  merely  for 
euphony)  ;  I.  glass  case.  2.  snow- 
shoe.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Scarabeo  m.  (L., <Gr.  o-capd/Sfiw, 
adj.,  <  ndpafios,  beetle);  i.  scarab, 
Egyptian  gem  in  shape  of  a  beetle. 
2.  =  Scarafaggio,  beetle.  3.  fig.  like 
Piattola,  in  sense  of  priest. 

*  Scarabillare  ;  to  thrum  a  guitar. 

Scarab6cchi-o  m.  (bit.  **  scarabu- 
culus,  dim.  of  L.  scarabaeus,  beetle) ; 

1.  scrawl.    2.  Jig.  deformed  or  depraved 
person.     Aff.  -are,  -atore,  -atura,  -one 
person  who  can  only  scrawl. 

*  Scarabone  m. ;  —  Scarafnggio,  beetle. 

Scaracchiare ;  =  Scracchiare,  to  spit. 

*Scaracchtone  /«.;  =  Beffatore,  insulter. 

Scarafaggio  m.  (L.  scurabaeus,  v. 
Scarabeo,  which  was  a  learned  re-in- 
troduction of  the  same  word);  i.  tumble- 
dung  beetle,  Geotrupes  stcrcorarius. 

2.  cockchafer,    Melolontha    vulgaris. 

3.  beetle,  generally. 

*  Scarafaldone  m. ;  servant  in  a  synagogue. 
•Scaraffare  (M.H.G.   schrapfen,   to  scrape?); 

=  Arraffare,  to  seize  and  rush  away  with. 
*Scaraffone  in. ;  cockroach,  v.  Scarafaggio. 

Scaramanziay.  (corr.  of  Chiromanzia);  spell, 
esp.  one  cast  to  prevent  a  person  from  winning  at 
play. 

Scaramazzo  (from  the  name  of  a  famous  clown, 
?'.  Skeat,  sub  Scaramouch) ;  of  a  pearl,  irregular  in 
shape. 

Scaramella  /. ;  =  Scaramuccia,  skirmish. 

Scaramuccia  /  (O.H.G.  skirman, 
to  fight  in  defence  of,  >  Germ.  Schirm, 
defence);  I.  skirmish.  2.  (tkeal.)  har- 
lequin, v.  Skeat,  sub  Scaramouch. 

Scaramucci-are ;  to  skirmish.  *-ar- 
si,  to  defend  oneself. 

*Scaramu-gio  or  *-zzay ;  =  Scaramuccia. 

Scaraventare  ind.  scaravento ;  to 
hurl. 

Etym.  A  compound  of  scara-  for  scra-  =  slra, 
<  L.  transt  beyond,  and  late  L.  vent  art  %  <  L. 
7'-ntnst  wind,  cf>.  Proven^,  ventar,  old  Fr.  7'enter, 
to  tn-,',  grain  against  the  wind  so  as  to  free  it  fnun 
dust.  C>.  also  the  Kinilian  it  int.  scaraviilttir,  — 
Stravoltare,  (Jmhriun  straventare,  Sardinian  tra- 
ventare. 


Scarbon-are  ind.  scarbono;  to  re- 
move the  charcoal  from  the  pit.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*  Scarbonchiare  ;  =  Smoccolare,  to  snuff. 
*Scarboncolo  ///.;  carbuncle. 

*  Scarcaglioso  ;=Catarroso,  v.  Scaracchiare. 

Scarcare ;  =  Scaricare,  to  unload. 


tScarcavallo  , 


fid. 


di  un  albero, 


Scarcellare  iitd.   sea  reel  lo ;    {mar.)   to  jam   a 

rope. 

Scarcer-are ;  to  release  from  prison. 
Aff.  -ame*nto,  -azione. 

*  Scarciume  m.  (corr.  of  Scarsume,  <  Scarso) ; 
=  Carcame,  vile  or  putrid  thing  or  person. 

Scarco;  =  Scarico,  discharged. 
Scarcbio  ///.  ;  =  Squarquoio,  filthy. 


1.  (6af.)  sedge,  Cnrex,  or 

2.  bream  (fish),  Cyfirinus  b 


.          .  ,  ,        sea  club- 

rush,  Scirpus.     2.  bream  (fish),  Cyfirinus  brama. 
Scardaccio  m.  ;  some  kind  of  thistle. 
Scardafa  f.  ;  —  occhirossi,  red-eye  (fish),  T. 
Scardola. 

*  Scardafone  in.  ;-  Scara  fibne,  cockroach. 

Scardare  ;  =  Diricciare,     to     husk 

(chestnuts). 

Scardass-are  ;  i.  to  card  (wool). 
2.  to  backbite,  speak  ill  of  an  absent 
person.  Aff.  -atore,  -atora,  -atura. 

Scardass-iere  or  *-ino  m.  :  ~  Scardazziere. 

Scardasso  m.  (It.  **cardaceo, 
<Cardo,  with  s  prefixed  for  euphony); 
carding-comb. 

Scardazziere  m.  ;  owner  of  wool- 
carding  works. 

Scardiccione  m.  ;  (M.)  i.  way-thistle,  Cirsium 
arvense.  2.  Italian  thistle  v.  Cardo  (i,  a).  3.  — 
salvatico,  common  cotton-thistle,  Oftopordon  atari- 
tftiuiH.  4.  —  de'  campi,  corn-thtstle,  Serratula 
arveiisis,  also  termed  Astone,  Stoppione. 

Scardinare  ind.  scardi'no;  to  card 
(fur)  for  hats. 

Scardine  or  Scardone  m.  ;  v.  Scardola. 
tScardobola/;  a  species  of  top  shell,  Tnckus 
Itibio,  v.  Troco. 

Scardola/;  —  comune,  rudd  (fish),  Scardinus 
erythrophthaltrnis,  locally  termed  Coerosse,  Mar. 
rocchio,  Roviglione,  Scardafa,  Scardine,  Scardone, 
Scardova,  Scarpettaccia. 

tScardovayl;  v.  Scardola. 
tScarduffare  ;  =  ScarruflFare,  to  ruffle. 

Scar6ggi-o  m.  (for  Ascareggio, 
<  Ascaro,  annoyance)  ;  Fare  —  ,  to 
disgust.  Aff.  -oso  revolting. 

Scarellare  ind.  scarello;  to  remove 
the  Carelle  and  let  the  dried  chestnuts 
fall,  v.  Canniccio  (2). 

tScarezzay:;  =  Ascherez/a,  v.  Aschero. 
*  Scarferone  m.  ;  half-high  boot. 

Scarica/  ;  discharge,  volley. 

Scaricabarlli  /«.  ;•  boys'  game  of 
carrying  each  other  like  casks. 

Scaricalasino  m.  ;  boys'  game  of 
carrying  each  other  on  their  shoulders. 
"game  of  draughts. 

Scaric-are  ind.  scarico;  i.  to  un- 
load. 2.  to  discharge.  3.  (paint.)  to 
lighten.  4.  part,  -ato,  of  a  watch,  un- 
wound. Aff.  -amdnto,  -atoia  bird  trap, 
-atoio  place  of  discharge,  esp.  of  water, 
outfall,  -at6re,  -atura. 

Scarico;  I.  unloaded;  Capo  —  , 
light-hearted,  careless  fellow  ;  Occhio 

—  ,  unclouded  eye;  Cielo  —  ,  clear  sky; 

—  di  collo,  di  gamba,  of  a  horse  with 

68 


538 


SCARIFICARE— SCARTARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


fine  thin  neck  or  legs.  2.  as  sb.,  dis- 
charge. 3.  tip,  place  for  shooting 
rubbish,  or  the  rubbish  shot. 

Scarific-are,  -atore,  -azibne ;  as  E.  (L.,< 
Gr.  oxapt^o?,  "v.  Skeat,  sub  Scarify,  and  infra, 
Scrivere.) 

tScarinci  ;  =  Sa!misia,  Lor'  bless  me  ! 

Scaridla./;  (<W.)  endive,  v.  Indivia. 

Scaridtte  /«. ;  traitor  (Judas). 

Scarlattea  /  ;  (bat.)  i.  garden  coral,  Roclua 
crassula.  2.  scarlet  lychnis,  z>.  Croce  (18,  b). 
3.  Carthusian  pink,  v.  Garofano  (8). 

Scarlattin-a./;  scarlet  fever.     *-o  ;  scarlet. 

Scarlatto  (Persian,  v.  Skeat,  suf>  VOL'.);  scarlet. 

Scarlea,  Scarleggia/;OW.)clary,Z'.  Erba(8i). 

Scarlina  f. ;  (hot.)  Galactites  tomentosa,  a 
thistle  remarkable  for  a  milky  juice,  like  that  so 
common  in  the  chicory  group. 

*Scarlino  ;  =  Smaltato  di  scarlatto. 
*Scarmaglia/;  =  Schermaglia,  brawl. 

Scarmana  f.;  fop.  for  Scalmana,  chill. 

Scarmigli-are ;  to  ruffle,  -arsi,  to 
get  untidy. 

E£ytn.  L.  carminare,  to  comb,  <  carmen,  a 
card  for  wool  or  flax,  <  carerc,  to  comb ;  the  tran- 
sition from  carmitiare  is  shown  by  the  Venetian 
sgramigHa  (~  scarmigliato),  the  dissimilation  of 
ttt — «  into  in— I  being  paralleled  by  Megliaca  <  Ar- 
meniaca.  The  initial  s  is  either  for  ex-  or  dis-. 

Scarniiglion-e  m.,  -a/ ;  person  with 
rough  hair. 

Scarmo ;  v,  Scalmo. 

Scarn-are;  to  remove  some  of  the 
superficial  flesh,  -arsi,  to  grow  thin. 
Part,  -ato,  v.  infra  in  loco.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Scarnascialare  ind.  scarnascialo ;  to 
enjoy  Carnival,  to  feast. 

Scarnatino ;  dim.  Scarnato. 

Scarnato  ;  i.  of  a  horse's  legs  and 
joints,  clean,  fine ;  similarly  of  a  cutting, 
for  grafting.  2.  =  Incarnato,  flesh- 
coloured. 

Scarnatoio  in. ;  currier's  knife. 
Scarnatura/. ;  vbsb.  of  Scarnare. 

*Scarnescialare  ;  =  Scarnascialare. 
Scarnicciare  ;  to  clean  (hides). 

Scarnificare  ind.  scarnifi-co  -chi ; 
i.  to  detach  the  flesh,  e.g.  in  surgery 
for  a  plastic  operation.  2.  to  peel  the 
flesh  off  a  bone.  3.  generally,  to  lace- 
rate, to  gash. 

Scarnigi  m.  pi.;  (tot.)  blue  globe  flower,  ». 
Roselline  di  macchia. 

Scarn-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  i.q.  Scarni- 
ficare; -irsi,  to  get  lean.  2.  (inctall.) 
to  scrape  the  core  of  a  mould  so  as  to 
obtain  the  desired  thickness  of  metal 
in  the  casting.  3.  -ito,  i.q.  Scarno, 
thin.  Aff.  -itura. 

Scarnovalare  ind.  scarnovalo ;  to 
enjoy  Carnival. 

Scaro  >n.  (L.,  =  Gr.  tncapos);  —  cretense, 
Grecian  parrot-fish,  Scants  creiensis,  locally  termed 
Girola. 

Scarocciare,  Scaronzare;  (mar.)  to  make 
lee-way,  v.  Scarroccio. 

Scarognare  ind.  scarogno ;  to  idle 
about,  t  to  show  contempt  for. 

Scarogn-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  cure  of 
laziness. 

t  Scarola  f. ;  =  Lattuga,  lettuce. 

Scaronzare  ;  (war.)  i.  to  pass  across  the  bows 
of  another  ship.  2.  =  Scarocciare. 

Scarpa/;  i,  shoe.  2.  shoe,  skid 
for  a  wheel.  3.  scarp,  slope  of  a  wall  or 


bank,  talus  of  a  fortification ;  A  — ,  ob- 
liquely. 4.  shoe  of  a  pile.  5-  =  Scarpet- 
taccia,  rudd  (fish).  6.  (mar.)  (a)  —  del- 
1'  ancora,  bill-board,  a  piece  of  wood 
bolted  abaft  the  cathead  upon  the  rail, 
upon  which  the  fluke  of  the  anchor 
rests  when  the  anchor  is  suspended  by 
the  shank-painter  and  cathead  stopper, 
(&)  —  d'  una  bitta,  bitt-bolt,  battledore. 


former  in  sense  of  shoe  (the  shoe  taking  its  name 
from  its  sharp-pointed  toe),  the  latter  in  that  of 
scarp. 

Scarpaccia/ ;  pegg.  Scarpa,  shoe. 
Scarpaio  m. ;  travelling  cobbler. 

Scarpante  m. ;  monk  wearing  shoes, 
not  clogs. 

Scarpare;  to  escarp,  to  slope  a 
bank. 

Scarparo  HI.  ;  peddler  of  boots  and 
shoes. 

Scarpata  /  ;  blow  with  a  shoe. 

Scarpatore  m.  (from  **  scarpare 
<  bit.  **  ex-cnrpere  <  L.  excerpere, 
>scarpar  in  the  Grisons'  dialect, 
scarpa  in  the  Comascan)  ;  =  Facidanno, 
thief  of  field  produce,  marauder. 

tScarpeggiare  ;  =  Scarpicciare. 

ScarpeU-are  and  deriv.;  v.  Scalpell-. 

Scarpellinaccio  m.\  pegg.  Scarpellino,  mason. 
•Scarpellinatore  >«.;  =  Scarpellino,  mason. 

Scarpellino  <«. ;  =  Scalpellino,  mason. 

Scarpell-o;r>.  Scalpello.  'bird-trap.  Aff.-onz. 
tScarpena;  i.  v.  Scorpena.  ii.  v.  Cerniola. 

Scarperia  f.  ;  scherz.  country  where 
shoes  grow.  E  battuto  un  terremoto 
a  — ,  there  has  been  an  earthquake  in 
the  shoe  country,  said  to  one  with  his 
boots  broken.  Ti  mando  a  — ,  i.e.  I 
will  smack  you  with  a  shoe. 

Scarperbtto  /«.;  =  Scarponcello. 
Scarpeita/;  dim.  Scarpa. 
Scarpettaccia  /.;  pegg.   Scarpetta.    t=Scar- 
dola,  rudd. 

Scarpettina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  Scarpetta. 

Scarpicciare ;  to  make  a  shuffling 
sound,  as  of  people  walking  about  while 
trying  to  make  no  noise. 

Scarpicclo  m. ;  continued  sound  of 
shuffling. 

Scarpina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  Scarpa, 
baby's  shoe. 

•Scarpinare  ;  to  walk  with  short  quick  steps. 
•Scarpinello  m. ;  =  Calzolaio,  shoemaker. 

Scarpfno  m. ;  dancing-shoe. 

Scarp6na  f.;  augni.  of  Scarpa, 
shoe. 

*  Scarponare  ;  to  take  to  one's  heels. 
Scarponcellino  m. ;  dim.  Scarponcello. 

Scarponcello  m.  •  a  stout  kind  of 
lady's  shoe. 

Scarp-6ne  m.,  augm.,  -ucciay:,  dim.  spreg., 
of  -a,  shoe. 

Scarriera  f.  ;  only  in  the  phrases 
Gente  di  — ,  vagabonds,  and  Comprare 
or  Vendere  per  iscarriera,  to  buy  or 
sell  in  some  irregular  way,  or  by  some 
lucky  chance. 

Scarrierare;  to  run  about,  "go 
cutting  about." 


Scarroccio  m.  (v.  Carro,  8);  (>«»>•.)=  Deriva, 
lee-way,  referring  to  lee-way  made  in  the  water,  the 
vessel  not  moving  quite  where  her  bow  points,  whilst 
Deriva  refers  strictly  to  lee-way  made  over  the 
ground  in  consequence  of  a  current  in  the  water. 

Scarrozz-are ;  i.  to  go  out  in  a 
carriage.  2.  Jig.  to  run  wild,  play  the 
fool.  Aff.  -ata,  -\ofreq. 

Scarrucol-are  ind.  scarrucolo ;  i.  of 
a  rope,  to  run  on  a  pulley.  2.  fig.  of  a 
singer,  to  tremble,  purposely  and  ex- 
cessively. 3.  to  wriggle  oneself  in 
somewhere;  Riuscito  a  --  in  tre  o 
quattro  impieghi,  one  who  has  managed 
to  wriggle  into  three  or  four  appoint- 
ments. 4.  tr.  to  get  (a  rope)  off  a  pulley. 
Aff.  -arndnto,  -iofreq. 

Scarrucol6ne  m. ;  i.  =  Sdruccro- 
lone,  slide.  2.  =  Sbaglio,  mistake.  3.  as 
adj.,  v.  Scarrucolare  (2). 

Scarruffare,  Scaruffare  (s  intens., 
capo,  ruffare) ;  to  make  the  hair  untidy. 

Scarsamente ;  adv.  of  Scarso. 

Scarsapepe  m.  •  (tot.)  cat's  thyme,  v.  Erba 
(53,  "). 

Scarseggiare  ind.  scarse"ggio  (It. 
scarso);  i.  to  be  rare.  2.  (mar.)  of  the 
wind,  (a)  to  drop,  (b)  to  haul  forward, 
become  more  ahead. 

Scarsell-a  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  escarcelle, 
prob.  <blt.  **  scarpsella,  holder  for 
valuables,  < scarpsus,  v.  Scarso);  i.  wal- 
let, purse;  Avere  il  granchio  alia  — , 
i.e.  to  be  miserly.  2.  (arch.}  hollow 
place,  like  a  pocket,  in  a  wall.  *paren- 
thetical  insertion  in  book-keeping. 

Aff.  -etta,  -ina  dims.,  *-ino  =  Giberna,  -ona,  -6»e 
auffms. 

Scars-etto  dim.,  -ezza  or  -ita  sb.\  v.  -o. 

Scars-0;  i.  scarce.  2.  short,  in- 
sufficient; —  a  denari,  short  of  money; 
-  di  vesti,  poorly  clad;  -a  fortuna, 
small  fortune ;  Veste  -a,  short  or  tight 
dress;  Moneta  -a,  light  coin  ;  -a  tintura, 
light  painting ;  Somiglianza  -a,  little  re- 
semblance. 3.  niggardly;  Non  ti  saro 
— ,  I  will  hide  nothing  from  thee,  D. 
Purg.  14.  80;  Passi  lenti  e  -i,  slow  and 
short  steps,  Purg.  20.  16. 

Etym.  mil.  scarpsus,  for  excarpsui,  <  L.  ex. 
cerptus,  part,  of  excerpfrt,  to  select,  <ejc,  carperc, 
to  cull,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Harvest.  From  scarpsus  came 
old  Fr.  eschars,  >  Fr.  tckars  and  M.E.  scars,  >  E. 
scarce. 

Scartabellare  ind.  scartabello;  to 
be  carelessly  turning  over  the  leaves  of 
a  book. 

Scartabello  m.  (according  to  Kor- 
ting<  j  intens.  -f-  L.  carta  -f  L.  tabellae; 
Pianigiani  refers  it  to  Span,  cartapel, 
to  which  it  corresponds  in  meaning, 
<  L.  carta,  pellis ;  the  Spanish  word 
however  may  be  from  Span,  carta, 
document,  +papel,  paper);  i.  heap  of 
valueless  documents.  2.  worthless 
book. 

Scartafaccio  m.  (It.  scarta,  fascio) ; 
stitched  book,  copybook,  waste-book. 

Scart-ame'nto  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are. 
2.  spacing  out. 

Scartare;  i.  to  disregard.  2.  to 
reject. 


SCARTATA— SCAZONTE 


539 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Scartat-a  /  ;  scolding.  Dare  nelle 
-e,  to  fly  into  a  passion. 

•Scartato  as  adj.;  Dar  nello  — ,  to  do  what  is 
useless,    t  ~  Ridotto  troppo  sottile. 

*Scartellone  m.  ;=  Fiancale,  flank  armour. 

Seal  to  in. ;  I.  discard.  2.  (mil.) 
person  rejected  for  service.  3.  (mar.) 
in  pi.,  shakings,  bits  of  old  rope,  etc. 

Scartocci-are  ind.  scartoccio;  i.  to 
shell  maize,  get  the  grains  out  of  the 
husk.  2.  to  take  anything  out  of  its 
wrapper.  Aff.  -atura. 

Scart6ccio  m. ;  I.  i.q.  Cartoccio, 
wrapper.  2.  lamp-chimney.  3.  (arch.) 
scroll,  t  =  Paniaccio. 

Scartoliuare  ind.  scartoh'no ;  to 
write  postcards. 

Scaruffare ;  v.  Scarruffare. 

tScaruzzicare  ;  =  Stuzzicare,  to  poke. 

Scarza/ ;  I.  fibre  for  stuffing  mat- 
tresses. 2.  =  Scaro,  parrot-fish. 

*  Scarzo  ;  =  Scarso,  thin. 
Scarz6ne  w.;  =  Scarlina,  thistle. 

Scasare ;  r.  tr.  to  turn  out  (a 
lodger).  2.  inlr.  to  change  lodgings. 

Scascinare  ;  to  do  up,  renovate. 

tScascio  >//.;=  Frana,  landslip. 

Scasimo  m.  ( L.  spasnnts  ;  for  sp~> sc, 
v.  Scoglia) ;  =  Casimisdeo,  fussing,  com- 
pliment-making. 

*  Scasimodeo  (for  Spasimo  di  Dio) ;  v.  Squasi- 
modeo. 

Scassa^I  (>nar.)  step,  seating  under  a  bitt  or 
stanchion  or  heel  of  a  mast. 

Scass-are ;  i.  to  unpack.  2.  to 
break  in,  force  open.  3.  to  break  up 
(ground).  Aff.  -ata,  -ati'na  dim.,  -at6re, 
-atura. 

Scassettare  ind.  scasse'tto ;  to  empty 
the  box ;  scherz.,  to  run  away  with  all 
the  money. 

tScassiare  ;  =  Scassare,  Cancellare. 

Scassinare  ind.  scassino;  i.  =  Scas- 
sare  (3).  2.  to  smash  in. 

Scasso  m. ;  i.  v.  Scassare  (3); 
—  reale,  or  andante,  trenching  the 
ground,  breaking  it  up  by  digging  and 
filling  in  a  series  of  trenches  succes- 
sively; —  a  fossa  aperta,  or  chiusa, 
leaving  the  excavated  soil  exposed  to 
the  action  of  the  air,  or  not.  2.  Furto 
con  — ,  burglary. 

Scastagnare ;  i.  to  evade  a  diffi- 
culty. 2.  to  get  out  of  the  beaten 
track.  3.  to  get  out  of  hand,  become 
unruly,  tto  fail  in  one's  promises. 

Etjim.  Pianigiani  refers  the  word  to  Castagna, 
so  that  the  orig.  meaning  would  be  to  take  a  chestnut 
nut  of  its  husk  ;  Tommaseo  and  Bellini  suggest  that 
the  reference  is  to  Castagnette,  the  formation  being 
a  shortening  from  **  scastagnettare,  in  which  case 
the  orig.  meaning  would  be  to  get  out  of  a  diffi- 
culty by  making  light  of  it,  dancing  out  of  it. 

Scatafascio  m.;  A  — ,  in  headlong 
haste. 

•Scataluffo  m. ;  =  Scapaccione,  cuff. 

*  Scatapuzza/ ;  (bot.)  —  Catapuzia,  caper-spurge. 

Scatarbscio  m.  (var.  of  Scatroscio) ; 
cataract  of  rain. 

Scatarr-are;  i.q.  Scracchiare,  q.v. 


Aff.   -ata    vbsb.,    -6ne,   person    always 
coughing  and  spitting. 

Scatarzo  m. ;  i.q.  Catarzo,  floss-silk. 

*Scatellato  ;  scorned,  put  to  shame. 

Scatenacciare ;  i.  to  unbolt  (a  door). 
2.  =  Sconquassare,  to  squash. 

Scatenaccio  m. ;  loud  unbolting  of 
doors. 

Scaten-are ;  to  unchain.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnto,  -10  clanking  of  chains. 

*  Sea  ten  te  (Latinism,  v.  Scattare) ;  =  Scaturiente, 
springing. 

tScatizzare  (s-,  capo,  tizzare)  ;=Smoccolare,  to 
snuff  (a  candle). 

•i.  =  Attizzare,  to  poke  the  fire.  ii.  =  Inondare, 
Scaturire. 

Scatol-a  /  ;  light  box,  e.g.  hat-box, 
match-box,  snuff-box,  can.  -  ar- 
monica,  musical-box.  Dire  a  lettere 
di  — ,  to  say  plainly,  lit.  in  letters  out 
of  a  box.  Romper  le  -e  a  uno,  to 
annoy  him.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  box- 
maker,  -e^ta  or  -ina  dim.  vezz. 

Etym.  dub.  Prob.  <  **  scatnla,  dim.  of  bit. 
scutum,  money,  <  O.H.G.  skatt,  >  Germ,  fchatz, 
treasure. 

Scatol-fno  m. ;  dim.  Scatola,  smaller 
than  -ina.  Par  uscito  dallo  — ,  he 
looks  as  if  he  had  just  come  out  of  the 
bandbox.  Bisogna  che  stia  in  uno  — , 
he  has  to  keep  himself  carefully  shut 
up  (on  account  of  his  health).  —  delle 
gioie,  i.e.  the  chest,  thorax.  Bisogna 
tener  custodito  lo  —  delle  gioie,  one 
should  be  careful  about  one's  chest. 

Scatol-6ne  m.,  -6na  /,  augms., 
-uccia  dim.  spreg.i  of  -a. 

tScatorciare ;  to  unbolt. 

tScatdre  ;«.;  =  Pizzicore,  pricking. 

t  Scatrascidnay^ ;  fat  awkwardly-shaped  woman. 

Scatricchiare  (metathesis  of  L.  ex- 
tricare,  v.  Strigare);  to  unravel,  dis- 
entangle. 

t  Scatroscio  tn.  (prob.  <  Gothic  eadrausitin,  to 
hurl,  i>.  Troscia,  with  intensive  prefix  s-);  =  Scata- 
roscio,  downpour. 

Scatt-are;  i.  to  spring  up,  fly  up, 
on  the  release  of  a  catch.  2.  of  a  gun, 
to  go  off.  3.  to  diverge,  from  instruc- 
tions, or  as  in  the  phrase  Non  ci  -a  un 
pelo  (un'  ugna,  un  capello),  there  is  not 
a  hair's  breadth  of  difference;  hence, 
by  way  of  contrast,  Ci  -a  un  filare 
d'  embrici,  there  is  a  vast  difference, 
///.  a  row  of  tiles  of  difference.  4.  of 
time,  Non  -a  un  giorno  che  e  qui,  he 
will  be  here  before  another  day  is  past. 
*tr.  =  Schivare,  to  avoid. 

Etym.  Prob.  either  <  **ex-captare(forcapttire, 
v.  Skeat,  ato  Capacious)  or  <  L.  scatert,  to  gush  out. 

Scat  t  aril  lo  m.;  (ornit/i.)  lesser  white-throat,  v. 
Bigiarella. 

Scattatoio  m. ;  trigger  or  detent  of 
a  cross-bow. 

Scattino  m. ;  (ivatchm.)  dim.  Scatto 

(2)- 

Scattivare;  i.  to  clean  up,  take  out 
the  rotten  part  of  fruit  or  other  eatables. 
2.  to  mend,  or  patch  (a  dress). 

Scatt-0  m.  (v.  Scattare);  i.  flying 
of  a  spring,  arrow,  etc.,  upon  being 
released  from  a  catch.  2.  (watchm.) 
detent.  3.  spring-catch,  of  a  lock,  etc. ; 


Trappola  a  — ,  spring-trap.  4.  any 
jerky  movement  or  whimsical  sally ;  A 
-i,  by  fits  and  starts;  C  e  dello  —  in 
que'  versi,  there  is  plenty  of  vivacity 
in  those  lines.  S-  'n  uno  —  di  molla, 
or  Di  — ,  i.e.  instantly.  6.  wide  diver- 
gence. 

Scatt6so  adj. ;  v.  Scatto  (4). 

Scatur-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  scaturire 
desiderative  of  scatere,  to  gush);  to 
spring,  rise.  Aff.  -igine. 

Scavalc-are;  i.  to  unhorse.  2.  to 
step  over  (a  stile,  or  low  wall).  3.  to 
skip  (a  passage  in  a  book).  4.  fig. 
to  displace,  e.g.  a  writer  in  public  favour. 
5.  —  una  maglia,  to  slip  a  stitch  with- 
out knitting  it.  Aff.  -atore. 

Scavallare ;  to  run  about  (lit.  ride 
about). 

Scav-are   (L.  excavarc,   v.   Cavo) ; 

1.  to  excavate,  to  hollow  out.     2.  Jig. 
to  puzzle  out  ;  Guarda  se  puoi  —  come 
stia  questa   faccenda,  see   if  you   can 
really  find  out  how  it  stands ;  Le  -a  di 
sotto  terra,  he  brings  out  masses  of  lies, 
excuses    or    the    like.      Aff.   -ame'nto, 
-apozzi   well-sinker,   -atdre,   -at6ra,    -a- 
trice,  -atura,  -azidne. 

Scavezzacbllo  m. ;  i.  scamp.  2.  head- 
long fall.  3.  rash  undertaking.  4.  A 
— ,  at  breakneck  speed. 

Scavezz-are  ind.  scavdzzo  (A)  (var. 
of  Scapezzare);  i.  i.q.  Scapezzare,  to 
lop  trees.  2.  to  break,  properly  to 
break  off  short;  -arsi  il  collo,  to  break 
one's  neck,  or  Jig.  to  be  ruined.  3.  fig. 
to  weaken ;  L'  avverti  a  non  iscavezzar 
la  rettorica  per  troppo  volerne,  he 
cautioned  him  against  weakening  his 
rhetoric  by  too  much  of  it ;  Voi  sapete 
che  1'  Ariosto  mirabilmente  -6  il  nome 
di  Fiordiligi,  you  know  how  Ariosto 
lowered  the  name  of  Fiordiligi.  4.  Prov. 
Chi  troppo  s'  assottiglia  si  -a,  lit.  he 
who  makes  himself  too  thin,  breaks  off, 
i.e.  to  draw  too  fine  distinctions  does 
not  answer.  5.  part,  -ato,  v.  Scavezzo. 

(B)  (<Cavezza,  halter);  to  take  the 
halter  off. 

Scav6zz-0  or  -ato  ;  i.  v.  Scavezzare. 

2.  of  a  horn,  gun,  etc.,  short ;   Pistone 
scavezzo,  posthorn.     3.  (mar.)  broken- 
backed. 

*As  sb. ,  Scavezzo;  i.  =  Pendio,  Scolo,  gully,  ii.  = 
Scampolo,  remnant. 

*Scavezzone  /«.;  scraps,  sweepings.  t('«rtr.) 
=  Chiavarda  a  spin  di  pesce,  rag-bolt. 

Scavigliare ;  to  let  loose. 

*Scavino  m. ;  judge's  assessor  in  Lombardy,  cp. 
Scabino. 

tScavitolare  ind.  scavitolo ;  i.  —  Scavizzolare. 
ii.  =  Scompigliare,  to  disarrange. 

t  Scavitolo  ;«.;  pretext. 

Scavizzolare  ind.  scavizzolo  (for 
** scapitolare,  v.  Capitolo) ;  to  search 
minutely,  lit.  search  for  the  end  in  a 
skein. 

Scavo  /«. ;  i.  excavation.  2.  hollow 
place. 

Scaz-6nte  (Scazzonte)  tn.  (Gr.  trica^o,  to  limp); 
scazon,  or  choliambus,  the  iambic  of  Hipponax,  being 

68—2 


540 


SCAZZABAGLIORE— SCHEDA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  sec  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

a  kind  of  adj.,  at  the  bottom  of;  Met- 
tilo  Ii  sceso  la  scala,  or  giu  scesa  la 
scala,  put  it  there  at  the  foot  of  the 
stairs ;  Sceso  il  monte,  or  Giu  sceso  il 
monte,  at  the  foot  of  the  mountain. 

Scendibile ;  easy  to  descend. 

*  Scendisale  in.  ;  =  Saliscemli. 

Sceneggi-are  ind.  sceneggio ;  to  put 
upon  the  stage.     Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 


a  regular  senarius  but  with  a  spondee  or  trochee  in 
the  last  place.     Ajf.  -untico. 

*Scazzabagliore  m. ;  =  Abbaglio,  dazzle. 

Scazzata  f.  (lit.  blow  with  a  Cazza, 
ladle);  fluke  at  billiards.  *=Ciancia, 
jibe. 

Scazzone  m.;  bull-head  (fish),  Cottou ffobio. 

Scazzonte  ;  T.  Scazonte. 

t  Scazzoppolare  ;  euphemism  for  Scazzottare. 
t  Scazzottare  ;  =  Malmenare,    trasportando,  _  da 
qua  e  da  la,  to  jolt  (a  person)  along,  e.g.  in  a  spring- 
less  cart. 

Scea  f. ;  crude  iron.  Far  la  — ,  to  open  the 
lower  tap  of  the  smelting  furnace  and  let  the  inohen 
iron  run  out  to  cool  in  holes  made  in  the  ground. 

Scebita/I;  (0>v//M.)  =  Sciabica,  moorhen. 
*Scebrany;;  (bat.~)~  Ksula,  spurge. 

Scecche  ///. ;  cheque,  the  E.  word 
Italianised.  For  deriv.  i'.  Skeat,  .m/> 

VOC. 

Scdda/;  i.  jibe.     2.  grimace. 

*  i.  =  Abbozzo  di  scrittura,  rough  draft,    ii.  sample 
of  cloth,     iii.  model. 

Ktyui.  L.  scheda,  strip  of  papyruSj  v.  Skeat, 
s/i.f:  Schedule;  the  sequence  of  meanings  ls(r)  scrap 
for  writing  on,  (2)  sketch  draft,  (3)  model,  (4)  actor's 
imitation  of  a  character,  (5)  grimace  made  in  such 
imitation,  (6)  jibe. 

*  Sced-ardo /«.;=  Beffardo,  scoffer.   Ajf.*~iaevb. 
tScedario  m. ;  =  Alfabeto  ricamato,  a  kind  of 

sampler. 

*Scederia_/C;  silly  refinement. 
tScedo  ;  —  Schizzinoso,  over-nice. 

*  Scedone  m. ;    i,    grotesquely   carved    bracket, 
ii.  =  Schidione,  spit.     t=  Farfallone. 

Scegliere,  or  by  contr.  Scdrre,  ind. 
scdlgo  scdgli  scdglie  scegliamo  sceglidte 
scdlgono,  perf.  scdlsi  sceglidsti  scdlse 
sceglidmmo  sceglidste  scdlsero,  subj. 
scdlga,  part,  scdlto  (L.  ex,  eligere,  to 
choose,  root  leg,  to  collect,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Legend);  to  choose,  select. 

Sceglitlccio  m.  ;  =  Sceltume,  refuse. 

tSceglit6ia/;;~  Vassoia,  tray. 

Scegli-t6re,  -tdra,  -trice ;  vbsbs.  of 
-ere. 

Sceicco  m.  (Arabic,  <  shakha,  to  be 
old);  sheik,  head  of  a  religious  or 
teaching  body  in  the  East. 

Scelleraggine./;  i.q.  Scellerataggine. 

Scellerat-o;  wicked.  Aff.  -dggine, 
-amdnte,  -dzza,  -6ne  augm. 

Etym.  L.,  root  skel,  to  curve,  cp.  Gr.  trjfe'Aos, 
leg  (as  bending),  cTKoAioc,  <TKa\TH>6st  crooked,  O.H.G. 
scelak  (>  Germ,  scheel),  askew,  A.S.  sculdor  (>  E. 
shoulder),  p.  Walde,  salt  Sctlus. 

Scellino  m. ;  E.  shilling,  Italianised. 

*  Scelo  in. ;  crime. 

Scelta/  (It.  scegliere);  choice. 
Sceltame'nte  ;  =  Scelto  adv. 
Scelte'zza  /  ;  refinement. 

Scelto ;  part.  Scegliere.  As  adv., 
with  refinement. 

Sceltume  m. ;  residue  after  the  best 
parts  have  been  taken  away. 

Scem-are  ind.  scemo  (cogn.  Proveng. 
semar,  to  take  away,  Fr.  chemer,  now 
obsolete,  to  get  thin,  <  bit.  semus,  muti- 
lated, <  L.  semis,  half,  v.  Semi-);  i.  to 
lessen.  2.  -arsi  di,  to  lose.  3.  -a  co- 
testi  fiaschi  e  mettici  1'  olio,  pour  away 
a  little  of  the  wine  in  those  bottles  and 
add  the  oil  (as  usual  in  Italian  storage 
of  wine).  Aff.  -dbile,  -amento. 

t  Scemata  f. ;  piece  of  foolery. 


Sce'mo ;  i.  half-empty,  reduced; 
L'  amor  del  bene  —  di  suo  dover,  love 
of  the  right  unduly  dulled,  D.  Purg. 
17.  85.  2.  Jig.  half  a  fool.  3.  —  di 
forze,  tired-out.  4.  Bollire  — ,  to  boil 
with  insufficient  water.  5.  as  sb.,  di- 
minution. 6.  in//.,  the  point  at  which 
knitting  begins  to  be  decreased. 

*i.  (Vino)  — ,  spoilt,  ii.  scooped  into  ravines, 
D.  Purg.  7.  65.  iii.  mmilnted.  I).  Par.  16.  145. 
iv.  =  Scemato,  deprived,  v.  Propinqua  al  loco  — , 
near  the  empty  space,  i.e.  near  the  edge  of  the 
precipice,  I).  Inf.  17.  36.  vi.  as  sit.,  defect. 

Scempiaggine  / ;  folly. 

Scempiare ;  to  use  a  single  letter, 
as  Dubio  for  Uubbio. 

Scempiataggine  /  ;  i.q.  Scempiag- 
gine. 

Scempiat-ame'nte,  -e"zza;  v.  -o  (i). 

Scempiato;  i.  vain,  silly.  2.  asst., 
the  lower  layer  of  a  floor,  constituting 
the  ceiling  of  the  room  underneath. 

Scempi-etk  or  -£zza  /  ;  =  -aggine. 

Scdrapio  (A)  ;//.  (cogn.  Proveng. 
eissemples,  old  Fr.  essample,<\^.  ext'in- 
plum,  T.  Esempio,  of  which  Scempio  is 
a  doublet ;  for  ex  >  sc,  cp.  examen  > 
Sciame) ;  I.  massacre.  2.  torture. 

(B)  adj.  (L.  simp/us,  cogn.  Gr.  (in-Xunc, 
///.  one-fold,  single ;  for  sint-  v.  Sem- 
plice  ;  -plus  and  -n-Xoos  are  <  root  pel, 
to  fold ;  the  same  root  appears  with 
addition  of  a  /  in  Go\Yi.  fait/tan,  to  fold, 
ainfalthei,  simplicity,  good-nature,  A.S. 
feald,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Fold,  Double) ; 

1.  simple.     2.    single  (flower).     3.  fig. 
silly,  or  as  sb.,  simpleton,     'deprived 
of. 

ScemunftO;  pop.  for  Scimunito. 

Scdna/  (A)  (L.,  <Gr.  o-Kr/i/r},  tent, 
lit.  shaded  place,  prob.  akin  to  <r«a', 
shade);  i.  scene.  2.  melon,  theatre, 
stage.  3.  Messa  in  — ,  Fr.  mise-en- 
scene,  setting  of  a  piece.  *i.  arbour. 
ii.  shade. 

(B);  Gran  — ,  the  Fr.  grande  chaine 
Italianised,  grand  chain,  in  dancing  the 
lancers. 

Scenaccia  / ;  pfgg.  Scena,  dis- 
agreeable scene. 

Scenario    m. ;    i.    scene   (painted). 

2.  stage.     3.  book  of  stage  instructions. 
4.  =  Buttafuori,  call-boy. 

Sceuata  f. ;  scene,  commotion. 

Sce'ndere  perf.  scdsi,  part,  scdso  or 
pop.  scenduto  (L.  descendere,<de,scan- 
dere,  to  climb,  root  scand,  to  start  up, 
cp.  Gr.  trKav&aXov,  snare,  orig.  spring 
of  a  trap,  Sanskr.  skandati,  he  darts, 
askandati,  he  attacks);  i.  to  descend. 
2.  to  get  down.  3.  of  prices,  to  drop. 
4.  to  finish;  Scese  a  dirmi...,  he  con- 
cluded by  telling  me....  5.  (gram.)  — 
in  una  vocale,  to  end  in  a  vowel.  6.  — 
lo  stomaco,  nsu.  Andar  via  lo  — ,  to 
feel  languid.  7.  Mi  sento  — !  how 
delicious  !  on  hearing  some  absurd  piece 
of  affectation.  8.  tr.  to  take  down. 
9.  part.  Sceso  as  adv.,  or  Giu  sceso  as 


Scenetta  /".;  dim,  Sc^na. 

Sccnico  ;  scenic.  t  =  Scenov 
•Scenitt  rn.pl.;  dwellers  in  len 
tSceno;  odd,  curious. 


Aff. 


Scenograf-la ;  scene-painting. 
-ico,  -o  sb. 

Scenopegia  /  (Gr.);  the  Jewish 
Feast  of  Tabernacles. 

Scenotecnica  /  ;  art  of  mounting  a 
play. 

•Scentre  m.  (L.  scienter);   A    mio  — ,  to  my 
knowledge. 

Scenuccia  /  ;  dim.  pegg.  Scena. 

tScepa!6ne  >«.;  =  Siepona,  thick  hedge. 
Scepito;  pop.  for  Scipito. 

*  Scerbare  ;  =  Pulire  i  grani. 
•Scerco;  n.  Scerquo. 

Sceriffo  ni. ;  sheriff. 

Scernere  (L.  secernere) ;  to  discern. 
*to  point  out. 

'Scerpare   (L.    discerpfrc,    to   tear   to    pieces); 
=  Rompere,  Guastare. 

*Scerpasoleay;;  (ornith.)  hedge-sparrow  (?), 

*  Scerpellare  (a  dim.  formed  <  L.  cxccrperc,  to 
separate)  ;  to  hang  down,  as  a  fringe  ;  the  part,  -ato 
is  still  in  use,  v.  infra. 

Scerpellato ;  bleared  (eyelids). 

Scerpellfno  (Cerpellino,  Sciarbato 
Serpellino);  blear-eyed. 

Scerpell6ne  m. ;  gross  blunder. 

*  Scerpcre  (L.  discerpere) ;  to  lacerate. 
tScerquo,  Scerco  ;«.;  downpour. 

Sce'rre  ;  contr.  of  Scegliere. 

tScersima/?;  abundance. 
*Scerto  ;  old  part.  Scernere. 

Scervell-are  ind.  scervello;  i.  to 
drive  to  distraction.  2.  part,  -ato, 
stolid. 

Sce'sa/;  i.  down-hill  slope.     2.  - 
di  capo,  or  di  testa,  caprice.     *  =  Ca- 
tarro,  cold. 

Sceso  ;  part.  Scendere. 

*  Scesoso  ;  =  Cisposo,  --.  *  Scesa. 

"  Sceterare  ;  to  play  the  Cetera,  guitar. 

Scettic-ame'nte,  -ismo,  -o  (Gr.) ; 
sceptically,  etc. 

Scettrato;  sceptred. 

ScettrO  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  (ndjirrpnv, 
staff) ;  i.  sceptre.  2.  (bot.)  (a)  —  di 
re,  yellow  asphodel,  Aspliodeliis  lutens, 
also  termed  Astula  regia ;  (b)  —  svedese, 
King  Charles's  sceptre,  Pedicularis 
sceptrum  carolinum. 

Scever-are  (var.  of  Separare,  prob. 
from  a  bit.  ** exseperare) ;  to  dissever. 
Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sce'vro ;  free,  pure. 

Scheda/  (var.  of  Sceda);  slip  of 
paper  for  taking  notes.  -  elettorale, 
voting-paper.  -  d'  associazione,  or 
d'  abbonamento,  subscription-form. 


SCHEDARIO— SCHIARIA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word 
Schedario  /«. ;  assortment  of  slips. 


*Schedia/.;  =  Zattera,  raft. 
Schedina /!;  dim.  Scheda. 
*Schedone  m. ;  =  Schidione,  spit. 
•Schedula/;  dim.  Scheda. 

*  Schefforato  ;  =  Scioperato,  unemployed. 
Scheggett-a,-ina  ;  dim.,  sub-dim,  of  Scheggia. 

Sche'ggia  /  (bit.  schidia,  <  Gr. 
v\iSiov,  <  <TXI&>  tne  stem  of  a\i£v>,  to 
split);  I.  splinter;  Prov.  La  —  ritira 
del  ceppo,  the  chip  is  like  the  block, 
but  always  used  in  bad  sense.  2.  thin 
lath  for  basket-making ;  in  pi.,  frame- 
work, D.  Purg.  26.  87. 

*i.  jagged  ridge,  ii.  broken  end  of  a  branch, 
D.  Inf.  13.  43. 

Scheggiale  (Scaggiale)  m. ;  girdle. 
Scheggi-are  vb.,  -ettfna  dim.  •  T.  -a. 

*  Scheggio  tit.  (var.  of  Scheggia)  ;  jagged  rock. 

Scheggi-61a  dim.,  -olina  sub-dim., 
of  -a. 

Scheggi6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  Scheggio. 
Scheggi6so ;  flaky,  i>.  Scheggia. 

Scheletr-o  in.  (L.,  <  Gr.  aK(\nuv, 
mummy,  <  o-KtAAw,  to  dry) ;  skeleton. 
Aff.  -ire. 

Schelmo m. ;  (mar.)  I .  =  Palischermo, 
jolly-boat.  2.  =  Scalmo  in  all  senses. 

Schema  m.  (Gr.,  z'.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ; 
scheme. 

*Schena^;  =  Schie_na,  back. 

•Schcncire,  'Schiencire  (for  "Scanciare,  r. 
Scancio) ;  i.  to  go  obliquely.  ii.  =  Scunsare.  to 
avoid. 

*  Schenella  :  v.  Schienella. 

*Scheraggio  in.  (**?xctaralicitmt  <  L.  ex- 
ctarare,  to  clear) ;  ditch  or  sewer  to  collect  the 
rainwater  of  a  town,  in  which  the  water  gets  clear. 

Scherano  tit.  (prob.  <  a  dialectic 
form  of  Schiera)  ;  assassin,  ruffian, 
brigand. 

*  Scheranziay!;  =  Squinan7ia,  quinsy. 
*Scheretro  m. ;  =  Scheletro,  skeleton. 

*  Schericare  ;  v.  Schiericare. 

*Scherigli  tn.  pi. ;  soldiers  sent  into  Tuscany  by 
the  rulers  of  Naples,  v.  Sgheriglio. 

Sche'rma/  (v.  Schermire) ;  fencing. 
Cavare  uno  di  — ,  to  make  him  lose 
the  thread  of  his  argument.  Uscir  di 
— ,  to  be  out  of  practice  at  anything. 
Tenersi  in  sulla  — ,  to  be  upon  one's 
guard. 

Schennaglia  / ;  scuffle,  fighting. 

*  i.   damage  (to  crops),     ii.    Richiedere  la  — ,  or 
Ricoverarsi  alia  — ,  to  put  oneself  upon  one's  defence, 
using  only  the  point  of  one's  weapon. 

"  Schermaglio  m.  ;  i.  =  Scherma,  fencing, 
ii.  Schermo,  defence. 

Schermare  (var.  of  Schermire) ;  in 
the  line  now  semi-proverbial  Ma  con 
dar  volta  il  suo  dolore  scherma,  turns 
over  seeking  to  ease  her  pain,  D.  Purg. 
6.  151. 

Scherm-ire  ind.  -isco  (cogn.  Fr. 
escrimer,  to  fence,  Germ.  Schirm,  shel- 
ter, <  O.H.G.  skinnan,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Skirmish;;  i.  to  fence.  2.  tr.  to  ward 
off.  3.  -irsi,  to  defend  oneself. 

*  Scherm  it  a  / ;  =  Scherma. 
Schermi-tore,  -t6ra,  -trice;  v.  Schermire. 

Schermo  m. ;  defence,  shelter. 

*i.  weapon,  ii.  -Scherma.  tiii.  =Scalmo,  thole- 
pin.  iv.  —  a  crozzola,  =  Scalmiera  a  forcella,  row- 


lock  (on  a  swivel),     v.   —  a  gnacchera,  =  Scalmiera 
fissa,  fixed  rowlock. 

Schermbtto  m.;  (/;/,/r.)  stanchion. 
*Schermugio  /«. ;  =  Scaramnccia,  skirmish. 

Schern-evole,  -evolmente,*-iano  m.  scoffer, 
-ire  ind.  -isco  vb.,   -itdre  -itira   -itricc  vbsbs.  ; 


Sehe'rno  m.  (O.H.G.  skern,  scurrility, 
cogn.  old  Bulgarian  skrenja,  scurrility, 
L.  scurra,  knave,  v.  Scherzo);  scoff, 
sneer,  scorn.  Esser  lo  —  d'  uno,  to  be 
his  butt. 

*  Scherpa  (Schirpa)  f. ;  bridal  outfit. 

Scherubla  f. ;  (pot.)  wild  lettuce,  Lactuca 
scariola. 

•Scheruolo  (Schervoglio)   m.  (dim.   **scitrivs, 
if.  Scoiattolo);   i.    squirrel,     ii.    squirrel-skin. 

Scherz-accio  ftfg.,  -are  vb.,  -atore  -atora 
-atrice  vbsbs.,  -ettino  sub-dim.,  -etto  dim., 
-6vole,  -evolmente;  ?•.  -o. 

Scherzo  m. ;  jest. 

Etyni.  M.H.G.  scterzeii,  to  jump  for  joy, 
akin  to  O.H.G.  skeron,  to  be  saucy,  cp.  Gr.  o*aipo>, 
to  skip,  root  scitr,  >  L.  scurra;  the  same  root  with 
different  suffixes  gave  O.H.G.  skern  (?'.  Scherno), 
Gr.  axtprdw,  to  hop,  old  Icelandic  skritenn,  merry, 
Gr.  Kop£o£,  merry  dance,  Sanskr.  kurd,  tojump. 

Aff.  Scherz-osamente,  -osetto  dim.t  -oso,  -ucci- 
accio pegg.  dim.,  -uccio  dint. 

tSchezz-a,  -ale;  =  Scheggi-a,  -ale. 

Schiaccia  or  pop.  Stiaccia  /  (It. 
schiacciare) ;  i.  weight  of  a  4-trap  for 
catching  birds;  Rimanere  alia  — ,  lit. 
to  be  crushed,  as  by  the  fall  of  a  house, 
fig.  to  be  in  a  bad  way.  2.  in  pi., 
sugar-tongs  with  flat  faces.  3.  a  similar 
pair  of  tongs  for  making  flat  curls  in 
hair.  4.  i.q.  Schiacciola.  *wooden  leg. 

Schiacci-amduto  m.\  collapse,  v.  -are. 

Scliiaccianoci  m.  indecl. ;  nut- 
cracker. 

Schiacci-are  or  pop.  Stiacciare 
(O.H.G.  klakian,  to  split  off,  hence  to 
bring  forward  into  use,  v.  infra,  no.  9, 
<  klac,  the  noise  of  splitting,  >  Fr. 
claque,  with  prefix  of  intensive  s ;  v. 
Chiappare,  etyin.  §  4);  I.  to  flatten  out, 
to  squeeze,  to  crush.  2.  to  crack  (a 
nut).  3.  at  Pallone,  to  return  the  ball 
low.  4.  to  crush,  spoil  the  efficiency  of; 
La  luce  sfacciata  schiaccia  i  rilievi,  too 
full  a  light  flattens  the  reliefs.  5.  to 
pluck  (a  candidate  for  examination). 
6.  —  un  moccolo,  to  swear.  7.  —  un 
sonno,  to  take  a  good  sleep.  8.  —  un 
affare,  to  settle  it  completely.  9.  - 
male  una  cosa,  to  take  it  ill,  not  to  be 
prepared  to  put  up  with  it ;  with  this 
'  sense  cp.  O.H.G.  ein  dine  (thing)  kleckct 
mir,  it  suits  my  purpose,  mir  klecket 
eines  dines,  I  take  satisfaction  in  it. 

10.  to   make   the   noise  of   crushing  ; 
Senti  come  stiaccia  sotto  i  denti,  hark 
how  it  crunches  under  the  teeth.     1 1.  to 
rattle  with  the  teeth,  or  of  a  woodpecker, 
with  its  beak.     12.  -arsi,  to  flatten  one- 
self out  so  as  not  to  be  seen. 

Schiacci-ata  or  pop.  Stiacciata  /  ; 
i.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  flat  cake,  clap- 
bread  ;  —  unta,  one  made  with  lard  or 

011.  Aff.  -atina  dim.,  -at6na  augm. 

Schiacci-atino  ;  dim.  of  -ato,  rather 
flat. 

Schiacci-atura  / ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 
Schiacclne  f.  pi. ;  i.q.  Schiaccia  (3). 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 
Schiaccfno  ///. ;  i.q.  Schiaccianoci. 

Sohiacci61a  / ;    i.  dim.  Schiaccia. 

2.  young  and  therefore   flat   pea-pod. 

3.  crimping-iron,  like  scissors  without 
a  cutting-edge. 

Schiacciolare  ind.  schidcciolo;  to 
make  a  crunching  noise. 

Schiade^:;  pop.  for  Ischiade,  sciatica. 

Schiaffare  or  pop.  Stiaffare ;  i.  to 
slap.  2.  spreg.  to  slap  down,  throw 
down  rudely,  fling  into  one's  face. 

Schiaffeggi-are  ind.  schiaffe'ggio ;  to 
cuff.  Aff.  -at6re,  -at6ra. 

Schiaff-ettino  dim.  -vezz.,  -6tto  dim.,  of -o. 

Schiaffo  o\  pop.  Stiaffo  m.  (O.H.G. 
**slapfe,  >Germ.  Schlappe,  a  slap,  of 
imit.  origin,  cp.  E.  slap,  v.  Chiappare, 
etym.  §  6);  i.  slap  in  the  face.  2.  at 
billiards,  striking  the  object-ball  (in  the 
Italian  game  always  the  adversary's 
ball)  by  hitting  the  cushion  first.  3.  A 
— ,  on  credit,  as  it  were  submitting  to 
be  slapped  instead  of  paying  cash. 

Schiamazz-are  (bit.  **exclamitiare, 
<  L.  exclainare');  \.  to  cackle.  2.  to 
make  a  great  noise.  AJf.  -at6re,  -atdra, 
•iofreq.  sb. 

Schiamazzo  m.\  noise,  row.  *decoy- 
bird. 

*Schianceria/:;=  Schifosita,  Hastiness. 

*  Schianci-ana/T;  diagonal.     *-o;  oblique. 

Scbiantare  or  pop.  Stiantare ;  i.  to 
burst  open.  2.  to  shatter.  3.  to  snap 
off.  4.  fig.  —  una  bugia,  uno  spro- 
posito,  to  come  out  with  a  great  lie, 
or  blunder. 

Etym.  dub.  Prob.  a  fusion  based  upon  several 
words  of  different  origin,  viz.  (i)  the  Germanic  imit. 
root  klap  or  klac,  v.  Schiacciare;  (2)  bit.  **exclami- 
tare,  v.  Schiamazzare ;  (3)  It.  schiattare,  with  in- 
trusive n ;  v.  Chiappare,  etym.  §  4. 

Schiant-atura  /;  vbsb.  of  -are. 
-er^ccio;  prone  to  split,  -ettino  »;., 
sub-dim.,  -&tto  /;/.,  dim.,  of  -o. 

Schianto  or  pop.  Stianto  m.  \ 
i.  burst,  noise  of  bursting.  2.  fig. 
sudden  blow,  affliction.  Di  — ,  sud- 
denly. 

tSchiantolo  m.;-  Racimolo,  bunch  of  grapes. 

*  Schiantora  ;  old  /  //.  of  Schianto  (2). 

Schianza  or  pop.  Stianza  /  (It. 
schiantare);  scab  formed  over  a  cut, 
as  being  that  which  flakes  off  when  the 
cut  is  healed. 

ti.   dirty  mark.     ii.    outer  leaves  of  a  sedge,  as 
distinct  from  the  heart,  Salino.     iii.  =  Crosta. 

Schiappa  or  pop.  Stiappa  /  (It. 
schiappare) ;  i.  chip.  2.  bungler. 

*_i.   kneading  utensil,     ii.    tight  jacket,     tiii.  ~ 
Schiatta,  race. 


to  burst. 

Schiappino  m. ;  bungler. 

Schiarare  ;  i .  =  Schiarire.    2.  =  Ma- 
nifestare. 

Schi-are    (Norw.   ski);    to   run    on 
snow-shoes.     Aff.  -atore. 

Schiarta/.;  (Jx>t.)  wild  clary,  Solvia  sclarea. 
*  Schiaria  f.;  bright  gap  in  a  cloudy  sky. 


542 


SCHIARIRE— SCHITARRARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

an  ox.  2.  back-armour.  3.  (mar.)  = 
Spalliera,  back-board,  back-rest  in  a 
boat. 

*  Schienanzia^;  =  Squinanzia,  quinsy. 

*  Schiencire  ;  v.  Schencire. 

Schienella  (Schenella,  Schinella)/; 
i.  (vet.)  windgall,  puffy  swelling  near 
the  fetlock.  2.  any  sore  or  defect 
(strictly,  in  a  horse). 

SchieninayC;  dim.  vezz.  Schiena. 
Schienuto  ;  with  a  broad  back. 

Schier-a  /  (cogn.  old  Fr.  eschiere, 
7r.*e'chelle,  squadron,  Proveng.  esqueira, 
escala,  bit.  scara,  later  schera,<  O.H.G. 
skara,  division,  set  of  persons,  >  Germ. 
Schaar,  troop,  root  sker,  to  divide,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Shear) ;  band,  troop  in  march- 
ing order.  A  -  — ,  or  A  -e,  by  com- 
panies, one  company  after  another. 

t=Scheda. 

Schier-are  ind.  schiero;  to  draw  up 
in  order.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*Schierazzo,  Schirazzo  ;«.:  a  Turkish  ship. 

Schiericarsi  (Schericarsi) ;  (eccl.)  to 
quit  Orders. 

tSchierlo  ;«.  ;  =  Parte    del   poggio   dov'  e    piu 
pulito,  the  most  bare  part  of  a  hill-side. 

Schiett-0  or  pop.  Stietto  (Gothic 
slaihts,  cp.  O.H.G.  sleht,  v.  Skeat,  sub 


Schiar-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  clear. 
2.  clear  up.  3.  -irsi,  of  hair,  to  grow 
thin.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Schiarit6io  m.;  place  where  oil 
stands  to  clear. 

*  Schiaro ;  light-grey. 

*  Schiasimarsi  ;  =  Spasimare. 

Schiassare ;  to  make  a  -noise. 

Schiassolare  ind.  schiassolo;  =  Svi- 
colare,  to  slip  off  down  a  side  street. 

Schiatta  /  (O.H.G.  sclahta,  clan, 
root  slah,  to  strike,  >  Germ.  Schlag, 
blow,  also  kind,  sort) ;  family,  race, 
often  in  bad  sense. 

Schiattare  or  pop.  Stiattare  (Pro- 
vens, esclatar,  cp.  Fr.  Mater,  v.  Chiap- 
pare,  etyni.  §  4) ;  to  burst. 

Schiatt-ire  ind.  -isco;  =  Squittire,  to 
yelp. 

Schiatt6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  strong,  big 
boy  or  girl. 

Schiav-a  \f.  of -o.     *a  variety  of  grape. 
Schiav-acciay:  ;pegg.  of -a.    -aggto  OT.;  =  -UU. 

Schiavacciare  (It.  chiavaccio,  bolt) ; 
i.  to  unlock.  2.  to  rattle  a  bunch  of 
keys. 

Schiav-accio  in. ;  pfgg.  -o. 

*  Schiavare,    *  Schiavellare ;    i.  —  Sconficcare, 
to  undo.     ii.   to  take  the  pin  out  of  a  hinge. 

Schiavin-a  /;  slave's  or  pilgrim's 
frock. 

*i.  coarse  quilt,  ii.  slaves'  prison,  iii.  Farsi  -e 
e  pellicce,  =  Mordersi,  Pungersi  a  vicenda.  iv.  Fare 
Una  —  a  uno,  =  Dargli  un  rabuffo.  fv.  =Astuzia, 
craftiness. 

'Schiavino  m.  ;=Scabino. 

Schiavitu  / ;  servitude. 

Schiavo  or  pop.  Stiavo  (bit.  sclavus, 
a  Slavonian  captive,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Slave); 
i.  slave.  2.  —  di  dazio,  duty  unpaid. 
*  Slavonic. 

Scbiav6ne ;  Slavonic. 

Schiav-dttayi;  augtn.  -a. 
*Schiazzamaglia  /I;~Marmaglia,  rabble. 
*Schiazzatay^;  =  Zaffata,  squirting. 

Schiccare  ;  =  Sgranellare,  to  pick 
grapes. 

Schicchera-carte  or  -foglie  m.  in- 
decl.  ;  =  -Imbrattacarte,  scribbler. 

Schiccher-are  ind.  schtcchero  (A) 
(var.  of  Squacquerare) ;  i.  to  scribble, 
to  daub.  2.  to  let  out  what  had  been 
better  left  unsaid. 

(B)  (It.  chicchera) ;  to  drink  rather 
freely. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atura,  -To ;  v.  -are  (A), 
-one,  -ona ;  v.  -are  (B). 

*Schiccheroso  ;  =  Schifoso,  nasty. 

Schicchiriare  ;  to  keep  on  crowing. 
*  Schicchirillare  :  =  Schiccherare  (A). 

Schidion-are  ind.  schididno;  to  spit. 
Aff.  -ata,  row  of  things  on  a  spit. 

Schidione  (Stidione)  m.  (var.  of 
Spiedone);  spit.  *(mar.)  small  mast. 

Schien-a/  (either < O.H.G.  skind, 
prickle,  or  <  L.  spina) ;  back.  (Strada) 
a  —  d'  asiho,  —  E.  hog-backed,  highest 
in  the  middle.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Schienale  m.\   \.  spinal  marrow  of 


Slight) ;  pure,  genuine.  Non  e  -a  farina 
questa  tenerezza  fraterna,  this  brotherly 
affection  is  not  the  genuine  article. 
Uomo  — ,  straightforward  man.  Par- 
lare  — ,  to  speak  candidly,  tsure; 
Oggi,  e  acqua  -a,  it  is  sure  to  rain 
to-day.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -c^za. 

tSchiezza/;  =  Scheggia,  splinter. 

*Schif-a/;;  contempt.  *-aiuolay^;  obstruc- 
tion. *-alpoco  ;  prudish.  *-alta/T;  fastidiousness. 
*-anoia  ;  shirker. 

tSchifarda/;  =  Scodella,  Vaso. 

Schifare ;  =  Avere  a  noia,  to  dislike. 

*i.  to  avoid,  ii.  intr.  to  keep  away.  iii.  to 
show  anger. 

Schif-eria  or  -6zza  / ;  v.  -o  (B). 

Schifilt-a  / ;  fastidiousness.  Aff. 
-oso. 

Scbifo  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  skif) ;  i.  skiff. 
2.  (arch.)  arched  roof,  like  an  inverted 
boat.  3.  =Vassoio,  mortar-board. 

(B)  (var.  of  Schivo);  i.  nasty.  2.  as 
s6.,  disgust. 

*As  adj.'.  i.  =  Schivo,  shy.  ii.  =  Schifoso,  dis- 
gusting, iii.  =  Schizzinoso,  fastidious,  iv.  reluctant. 

Schif-6ne  adj.  or  sb, ;  augm.  of 
-o  (B). 

Scbif6s-o ;  disgusting,  nasty.  Aff. 
-aggine,  -ame'nte,  -ita. 

tSchiglia/I;  money. 

Schimbescio ;  ».  Sghimbescio. 

*  Schimbo  ;  — Sghimbo,  Storto. 

Schinanto  ». ;  (tot.)  sweet-scented  lemon, 
grass,  Andropogonsclioenantkus,  also  termed  Giunco 
odoroso  citrato,  Squinante. 

*  SchinanziayC;  =  Squinanzia,  quinsy. 

*  Schincherche  tn. ;  stomacher. 

*  Schincio  ;  =  Squincio,  oblique. 
Schindare  (var.  of  Ghindare,  with  prefixed  s); 

(;«rtr.)=  Ammainare,  to  hoist. 
•Schinella/:;  v.  Schienella. 

Sehinier-e  m.,  -a  f.  (M.H.G.  schine, 
<  O.H.G.  skina,  akin  to  E.  shin ;  the 
orig.  meaning  seems  to  have  been  that 
of  a  long,  thin  strip  ;  skinci  meant  splint, 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

pipe,  needle,  and  shin-bone);   greave, 
armour  for  the  leg. 

* SchioccayT;  (mar.)  upper  part  of  the  poop  of 
a  ship,  where  some  ornamentation  was  placed. 

Schioec-are  ind.  schiocco  -hi  (intens. 
Chioccare) ;  i.  to  crack  a  whip.  2.  to 
make  any  other  noise  similarly  cracked 
off.  3.  —  una  primiera,  un  goffo,  at 
cards,  to  score  these  points,  the  meta- 
phor is  from  slapping  down  the  cards 
with  a  pop.  4.  -aria  a  uno,  to  play  off 
a  trick  upon  him.  Aff.  -ata  sb. 

Schiocciare  ind.  schioccio  ;  to  stop  a  hen  from 
clucking. 

Schibcco  m. ;  i.  crack,  less  loud 
than  Schioccata.  2  Di  — ,  =  Di  schi- 
anto,  suddenly. 

Scbioccolare  ind.  schioccolo ;  to 
twitter. 

Scbiod-are  ind.  schiodo;  to  unnail. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Schiomare  ind.  schiomo ;  to  dis- 
order the  hair. 

Schiopp-accio  in. ;  pegg.  -o. 

*  Schioppare   (  =  Scoppiare);    i.    to   burst    out. 
ii.   to  throw  out. 

Schioppettare  ind.  schioppetto  ;  fop.  for  Scop, 
piettare,  to  crackle. 

Schioppettata  /;  i.  shot  from  a 
gun.  2.  gunshot,  as  a  measure. 

Schioppett-erfa  / ;  corps  of  car- 
bineers. -i6re  m. ;  carbineer,  -ino  m. ; 
dim.  vezz.  of  -o,  toy-gun. 

Scb.iopp-6tto  or  pop.  Stiopp-e'tto 
m. ;  i.  dim.  of -o.  2.  pop-gun. 

Schi6pp-o  or  pop.  Stiopp-o  m.  (bit. 
scloppus,  imit.  of  the  sound  of  a  pop) ; 
gun,  usu.  in  sense  of  fowling-piece.  Aff. 
-uccio  dim. 

*  Schiostrarsi ;  to  quit  a  convent. 

*  Schiovamento  m. ;  dislocation. 
tSchiovolare ;  to  dislocate. 

•Schippire  (M.H.G.  slifen,  cp.  E.  slip);  to  slip 
away. 

Schiraguaito  in.  (It.  schiera,  agguato);  sen- 
tinel. 

*Schiratto  m. ;  =  Scoiattolo,  squirrel. 

*  Schirazzo  ;  v.  Schierazzo. 
Schiribilla/!;  (oniith.)  i.  little  crake,  Galli- 

nula  tnittuta,  also  termed  Gallinella  palustre  piccola. 
2.  —  grigiata,  Baillon's  crake,  Ortygoinetra  Bailloni. 

Schiribill6so  ;  =  Arzillo,  brisk. 

Schiribizzo  m.  (var.  of  Ghiribizzo,  with  s  pre- 
fixed); whim. 

Schiro ;  (.gcogr.)  Scyros,  in  the  Aegean  sea. 
The  gender  of  the  name  is  uncertain,  as  it  is  one  of 
those  islands  which  are  spoken  of  without  the  article. 
If  it  was  desired  to  use  the  article  the  expression 
L'  isola  di  Schiro  would  be  employed. 

Schirpa  ;  v.  Scherpa. 

*Schisa/;;  A  — ,  Alia  — ,  In  or  Per  ischisa, 
obliquely,  crossways. 

Schis-are  (perhaps  <  Gr.  cT-^ifiB,  to 
split);  i.  to  reduce  a  fraction  to  lower 
terms.  2.  at  billiards,  to  hit  the  ball  so 
as  to  put  on  side. 

Scbisi;  only  in  the  phrase  Non  c'  e 
— ,  =  Non  c'  e  caso,  there  is  no  doubt 
of  it. 

Schiso  m.  (It.  schisare);  i.  (arithm.) 
reduction  of  a  fraction.  2.  at  billiards, 
striking  the  ball  obliquely.  3.  A  or  Di 
— ,  sideways. 

Schisto  m.  (Gr.);  (geol.)  crystalline 
rock  with  a  foliated  structure,  schist. 

Schitarr-are ;  to  play  the  guitar 
(chitarra).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


SCHIUDERE— SCIAMBRATO 


543 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Schiudere ;  to  open.    *to  exclude. 

Schiuma/  (either  <  O.K. G.  saint, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Scum,  or  a  var.  of  Spuma) ; 

1.  scum.     2.  foam,  froth.    In  this  sense 
Schiuma  and  Spuma  are  nearly  synony- 
mous ;  Schiuma,  however,  suggests  more 
of  the  idea  of  scum. 

Schium-aiola  / ;  i.q.  -atoio.  -are ; 
to  skim,  remove  the  scum,  -atoio  m. ; 
skimming-ladle.  -6so ;  adj. 

Scbiuso ;  part.  Schiudere,  to  open. 

Schiv-abile ;  v.  -are.  -afatfche  m. ; 
shirker. 

Scbivare  (O.H.G.  skiuan,  to  be  shy 
of,  >  Germ,  scheuen,  Fr.  esquiver;  cp. 
A.S.  sceoh,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Shy) ;  I.  to 
avoid.  2.  tr.  to  protect  from,  prevent 
from  meeting  with.  *to  despise. 

*  Schivezza  /.',  i.  disgust,     ii.  fastidiousness. 

Schivo  (O.H.G.  **r/C-/«/&,>  M.H.G. 
schiuhe,  >  Germ,  scheu,  v.  Schivare) ; 
shy,  retiring,  reserved. 

*  i.  =  Fastidito,    Noiato.     ii.  =  Schifiltoso,     fastidi- 
ous,    iii.  as  *£.,  =  Schifo,  disgust. 

Schizz-are  (A)  (It.  schizzo);  to 
sketch. 

(B)  (M.H.G.  sckiezen,>Germ.  schies- 
sen ;  cp.  A.S.  sceotan,  >  E.  scoot,  shoot ; 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Shoot) ;  to  spirt  out.  Aff. 
-ata,  spirting. 

*i.  =  Screpolare,  to  crack,     ii.  -ato,  (horse)  gelded 
by  crushing. 

Schizzat6ia  _/!;  flue  in  a  furnace,  by  which  the 
flame  is  directed  on  the  metal  to  be  melted. 

Schizz-at6io  m. ;  syringe,  -ettare  ; 
to  syringe,  -ettata/ ;  syringing  (once). 
-ettaturayC  ;  syringing,  -ettino  ;  dim. 
of -etto.  -&tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Schizzo  (B). 

2.  small  syringe. 

Schizzinos-o  ;  fastidious.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnte. 

Schizz-o  m.  (A)  (L.  schedium,  <  Gr., 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Sketch);  i.  sketch,  un- 
shaded drawing.  2.  —  d'  oca,  a  kind 
of  colour.  3.  Di  — ,  or  Di  primo  — , 
at  once. 

(B)  (It.  schizzare) ;  i.  spirt,  splash. 
2.  splash,  mark  of  splashing ;  Marmo 
con  leggeri  -i,  marble  with  white 
splashes.  3.  jump  of  a  child.  4.  jump- 
ing child.  5.  Con  due  -i  di  penna,  with 
two  scrapes  of  a  pen,  i.e.  briefly.  6.  at 
skittles,  name  of  four  stones  fixed  as 
boundaries.  *  =  Schizzatoio,  squirt. 

Scfa  f.  (etym.  unkn.,  v.  Sciare)  ; 
(mar.)  i.  wake  of  a  ship ;  —  del  timone, 
dead  water.  2.  as  word  of  command, 
Back  water ! 

Scia  m.  (v.  Scacco) ;  Shah. 

Sciaba  m.  (Hebrew  shdbath,  to  rest) ; 
Far  — ,  to  make  merry. 

tSciabanddni  adv.  ;=Da  sciamannati. 
tSciAbbia/;=Sabbia,  sand. 

Sciabbiato  ;  pofr,  for  Sciamannato,  untidy. 
tSciabbi6n-e  m.,  -a/!;  =  Uomo,  Donna  sciatta. 
tSciabbi6so;  sandy. 

Sciabe'cco,  Sambecco,  Zambe'cco,  or 
pop.  by  false  etym.  Stambe'cco  (Turkish 
sumbeki,a.  kind  of  Asiatic  ship,<Arabic- 


Persian  sumbiik,  small  vessel) ;  xebec,  a 
small  three-masted  vessel  formerly  used 
by  the  Algerian  pirates. 

Sciabica  /  (A)  (Span,  xobeca,  < 
Arabic  shabako);  seine-net. 

(B) ;  (prnith.)  moorhen,  Gallinula 
chloropus,  also  termed  Fiumalbo,  Folaga 
verdipiede,  Pappardella,  Scebita,  Galli- 
nella  d'  acqua. 

*SciabichelIo  «.;=Sorta  di  rete  a  cocuzzolo. 
tSciabigdtto  m.  ;  =  Trullo,  blockhead. 

Sciabol-a/  ;  sabre.  Aff.  -are,  -ata, 
-atore  said  of  a  general  better  as  a 
swordsman  than  a  general,  -ina  dim. 
vezz.  toy  sabre,  -ino  dim.,  -ona  -one 
augnts. 

Etym.  "The  word  Sdbel  appears  about  the 
year  1500;  it  is  ridiculed  as  a  new-fangled  foreign 
term  in  Bavaria  in  1510  in  'Ain  news  Gedictil,'  then 
it  occurs  as  Sabel,  SfbelQn  Maaler,  1561)  and  Seibel 
(in  Hans  Sachs).  Like  the  corresponding  French 
and  English  sabre,  and  the  Italian  Sciabola,  it  is  of 
Eastern  origin.  The  similar  words  in  the  Slavonic 
group  of  languages,  viz.  Russian  sablja,  Polish 
szabla,  Servian  sablja,  as  well  as  the  Hungarian 
szablya,  seem  to  be  all  borrowed  terms"  (Kluge, 
Dtsch.  etym.  Wtbch.).  See  also  Skeat,  sub  Sabre. 

Sciabordaggine  /;=Balordaggine, 
stupidity. 

Sciabordare  ind.  sciabordo;   i.   - 
or  Sciaguattare,  to  rinse.     2.  to  shake 
up,  e.g.  medicine. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Lombard  dial.  slambrota,  'Co- 
mascan  slambroza,  to  mess  up,  to  slop,  Grisons 
dial,  slambrottar,  to  stutter.  Sciabordare  seems 
based  upon  M.H.G.  slam  (>  Germ.  Scftltiin,  mud), 
together  with  bordare,  to  beat,  cp.  Sciabottare, 
Sciaguattare. 

Sciabordio  tn.\  continued  shaking. 

tSciabordito;  =  Grullo,  Scemo,  silly. 

tSciabdrdo  ;=Balordo,  stupid. 

tSciabottare  (M.H.G.  slam+ll.  botte,  cask, 
V.  Sciabordare) ;  =  Sciabordare,  to  shake  up  the 
sediment. 

tSciaburdire  ;  to  turn  stupid. 

Sciabuti  _/^;=Brazilian  tortoise,  Testudo  tabu- 
lata. 

Sciacallo  m.  (Turkish,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Jackal) ;  jackal,  Cants  aureus. 

Sciaccb  m.  (Hungarian,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Shako) ;  shako. 

Sciacquabarfli ;  Andare  a  — ,  to 
waddle. 

Sciacquab6cca  ;«.,  either  indecl.  or 
with  //.  f.  Sciacquabocche  ;  rinsing- 
glass. 

Sciacquabudella ;  Bevere  a  — ,  to  drink  on 
an  '.:mpty  stomach. 

*  Sciacquadenti  m.  ;  i.  sckerz.  slight  meal, 
ii.  =^Schiaffo,  curT,  blow. 

Sciacqu-are  (bit.  **ex-aquare);  to 
rinse,  -arsi,  to  rinse  one's  mouth.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atina  dim. 

Sciacquatdio  w. ;  mill-race. 

*Sciacquatorio  m. ;  Andare  in  — ,  to  be  ruined. 

Sciacquatura  / ;  =  Risciacquatura, 
rinsing  or  water  in  which  things  have 
been  rinsed. 

Sciacqu(n-a/,  -0  m. ;  person  of  low 
class. 

Sciacquo  m. ;  rinsing  the  mouth. 

tSciadatto  ;  =  Sciatto,  careless. 

Sciaena,  Sciena  /.  (Gr.  (rxiaii/o);  i.  =  Tra- 
churo  comune,  horse-mackerel,  z.  —  aquila,  maigre 
(fish),  Sciafiia  umbra,  locally  termed  Ombria,  Om- 
bra,  Fegaro,  Figao,  Umbrina  di  canale. 

Sciaffusa  /.;  (geogr.)  Schaffhausen,  on  the 
Rhine. 


Sciaguatt-amcnto  m. ;  i.  v.  -are. 
2.  foreshore. 

Sciaguattare  pop.  for  Sciabordare ; 
to  shake  up  liquid. 

Etym.  It.  sciacquare,  the  cq  changed  into  g 
possibly  under  the  influence  of  **guatant  which 
would  be  the  Romance  equivalent  of  O.H.G.  watan, 
to  dabble  in  water,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wade. 

Sciagura  /  (It.  sciagurato);  cala- 
mity. 

Sciagurat-o  (bit.  ** ex-auguralus, 
ill-omened) ;  i.  unfortunate,  ill-starred. 
2.  wretched.  3.  wicked.  Aff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -aggine  wickedness,  -amdnte, 
-ello  or  -mo  dim.  spreg.,  -onaccio  augm. 
pegg.,  -one  augm. 

tSciainato;  =  Malandato,  ruined. 

Scialacqu-are ;  to  squander.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atamdnte,  -atore,  -10  freq.  sb., 
-o  sb.,  -one  spendthrift. 

Etym.  dub.  Three  suggestions  are  forthcoming  : 
(\)**ejc-ad-acquarr'>  **$ciadacq}tare\  (2)  It.  scialare, 
acqua;  (3)  It.  scialare,  +  L.  liqnare,  to  dissolve.  The 
last  is  preferred  by  Korting  as  being  supported  by 
the  dialectic  form  Scialeguare,  with  the  reservation 
that  the  form  of  the  compound  was  influenced  by 
popular  etymology  from  Acqua. 

Scial -amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of -are. 
tScialancare  ;  =  Sciupare,  Sciattare,  to  spoil. 

Scialappa,  Sciarappa  /  (Mexican, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Jalap) ;  (hot.)  jalap,  Con- 
volvulus jalapa,  also  termed  Gialappa. 

Scial-are  (L.  exhalare,  as  it  were  to 
throw  out  like  breath  ;  for  halare,  v. 
Alito);  i.  to  show  off.  2.  to  squander, 
dissipate.  3.  -arsi,  to  enjoy  oneself. 
4.  Sciala!  iron. how  splendid!  *i.  =  Esa- 
lare,  to  exhale,  tii.  to  pant  with  thirst. 
Aff.  -atore. 

Scialb-are;=Intonacare,  to  plaster. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Scialbo  (Scialbedo)  (bit.  ex-albus); 

1.  pale.     2.  as  sb.,  plaster. 

*  Scialenguato  ;  =  Scilinguato,  stuttering. 

Scialino  »*.;  (bot.)  a  species  of  sedge,  Cyftrus 
olivaris. 

Sciall-o  m.  (Persian  shal,  through 
E.) ;  shawl. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ettino  sitb-dim.,  -etto  or  -ino 
dim.  Vfzz.,  -one  augm.,  -accio  dim.  spreg. 

Scialo  m.  (It.  scialare);  I.  display, 
show.  2.  Fare  —  di,  to  consume  a  large 
quantity  of. 

Scial6n-e  m.,  -a  / ;  v.  Scialare. 
t  =  Ascialone. 

Scialoso;  sumptuous. 

Scialuppa  /  (<  Fr.  chaloupe  or 
Span,  chalupa,  which  are  <  Dutch  sloep, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Sloop);  (mar.)  launch. 

Sciamann-are  (bit.  ** ex-ad-mann- 
are,  v.  Manna,  B) ;  i.  to  make  a  mess 
of.  2.  part,  -ato,  untidy,  slovenly. 

Sciamanno  m. ;  veil  formerly  re- 
quired to  be  worn  by  Jews  to  distinguish 
them  from  Christians. 

Sciamann6n-e  ;«.,  -a  / ;  slovenly 
person. 

Sciam-are ;    i.  of  bees,  to  swarm. 

2.  of  people,  to  migrate.     Aff.  -atura. 

*Sciamato  ;  ornamented  with  sciamtti. 
•Sciambrato;  untidy. 


544 


SCIAMBRINARE— SCIOGLIERE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


*Sciambrinare;  =  Correr  intera  la  cavallina  in 
fatto  di  donne. 

tSciambrottare;  a  variant  of  Sciabottare ;  the 
intrusive  nt  and  r  may  be  due  to  the  influence  of 
Rimbrottare. 

Sciame  (Sciamo)  m.  (L.  examen,  for 
ex~agmen^<,agere,  to  lead);  swarm  of 
bees. 

tSciamiguare  ;  =  Guastare,  to  spoil. 
tSciamineay:;  hood  over  a  fireplace. 

Scidmito  w. ;  I.  (mlt.  examitttm, 
<H  late  Gr.  l£apirov,  a  stuff  woven  with 
six  kinds  of  thread,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sa- 
mite) samite,  a  rich  silk  stuff.  2.  (bol.) 
amaranth,  v.  Perpetuini  rossi  (e). 

Sciamma  ;//. ;  Abyssinian  shawl. 
t  Sciammia ./;  i.=Gramigna,  dog-grass,     ii.  — 
Rasiccia. 

Sciammica  f.\   (bat.)  common  meadow-grass, 
Pea  trivialis,  also  termed  Spannocchino. 
*  Sciamo;  v.  Sciame. 


Sciampagna  / 
t  revel. 


(Fr.) ;   champagne. 


t  Sciampagnone  ;«.;  waster  (by  revelling). 
tSciampann-are;  i.  ^Allargare,  to  spread  out. 
ii.  fig*  =Sperperare,  to  dissipate.     Aff,  -ime,  -Eo. 
t  Sciampannone  ;«. ;  i.q.  Sciampagnone. 
*Sciampiare;  =  Aprire,  Stcndere. 

Scianc-are  (It.  anca,  with  prefix  ex-, 
becoming  sci-  before  the  vowel) ;  -arsi, 
to  lame  oneself  in  the  hip.  \(part.) 
-ato,y?^.  in  bad  health.  Aff.  -atamente, 
-atello  or  -atino  lame  child. 

t  Sciantare  ;  =  Darsi  scianto. 

*  Sciantello  /«.;  =  Guidalesco,  sore  back. 
Scianto  w.  (bit.  **  fx*kalitu$,  >  **scialio,  > 

Scianto  ;   for  halitns,  T.  AHto)  ;   rest,  recreation. 

*  Sciapica  ;  v.  Sciabica  (A). 

*Sciapido,  tSciapito,  tSciapo;  v.  Scipito. 

Sciara/!;  in  Sicily,  ground  showing  the  traces 
of  an  ancient  stream  of  lava. 

t  Sciarabottana  f. ;  =  Cerbottana. 

Sciarada/  (Fr.,  of  doubtful  origin) ; 
charade. 

Sciarappa  ;  T/.  Scialappa. 
tScjarbat-o  ;  =  Scerpemno,  bloodshot. 
*Sciarda/;  Mala—,  blackguard. 

Sciare  (mar.} ;  to  go  astern.  —  coi 
remi,  to  back  water. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc..  sia  or  seta,  early  Ital. 
siare,  assiare,  of  unknown  origin.  The  Fr.  scier  is 
from  the  Provencal  or  Italian,  not  from  scie,  a  saw, 
which  is  cogn.  to  It.  sega. 

*  Sciarmato  ;  =  Sciamannato. 

Sciar6so ;  v.  Sciara. 
Sciarpa/ ;  i .  officer's  sash.    2.  =  Ci- 
arpa,  long  woollen  scarf. 

Etym.  Cogn,  Fr.  echar^e,  Span,  ckarfat  Germ. 
Sckarpe,  Dutch  scaerpe,  <  old  Fr.  esckar^e,  < 
p.H.G.  scfutrpe,  pilgrim's  satchel,  which  passed 
into  meaning  the  band  which  carried  it;  i>.  Skeat, 
sub  Scarf. 

*SciarpeIlare  ;  to  make  the  eyes  bloodshot. 
Sciarp-etta,  -ettina  ;  dim.,  sub-dim,,  of -a. 

•Sciarra/;  (M.H.G.  zar^  tearing,  cp.  O.H.G. 
zerran  >  Germ,  zerretssen,  to  tear  to  pieces,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tear  vb.)  ;  i.  row,  fight,  tii.  Far  — , 
=  Fare  il  gradasso,  to  swagger,  iii.  Far  —  di  uno, 
to  make  mincemeat  of  him. 

Sciarrano  m. ;  name  of  four  species  of  perch, 
i.  —  cabrilla,  smooth  serranus,  Serranus  cabrilla, 
locally  termed  Canizi,  Sperga,  Serran,  Perchia 
foretana,  Foretana,  Serrania.  2.  —  gigante,  dusky 
serranus,  Serranus  gigas^  locally  termed  Chlerna, 
Cernia.  3.  —  sacchetto,  hepatus,  Serranus  kepatus, 
locally  termed  Sacchetto,  Lucerna,  Serran,  Castagna 
or  Percia  di  fondale,  Perchitella,  Itala,  Perciuda, 
Lappanu.  4.  —  scrittura,  Serranits  scriba,  locally 
termed  Perga,  Sperga,  Donzella,  Perca,  Cannolo. 

tSciarrare  (p.  Sciarra,  ii);  to  scatter  (a  fleet). 

Sciarrata/  (?/.  Sciarra,  ii);  swag- 
ger, boasting. 

tSciarrbne  in.;  augm.  Sciarra. 

Sciartrdsa/ ;  Chartreuse. 


Sciatic-a  f.  (L.,  <  Gr.  i<r\iof,  socket  of  the 
hip  joint)  ;  as  E.  -o  ;  i.  as  E.  2.  troubled  with  -a, 

*  Sciatta  ;  =  Chiatta,  flat-bottomed  boat. 

Sciatt-aggine  / ; =-eria ;  -amfote 
adv. ;  -are,  to  spoil ;  -er^llo  dim.  •  -6zza 
f. ;  -ino  dim. ;  -lo  freq.  sb.  of  -are  ; 
v.  -o. 

Sciatt-o  (L.  ex,  aptus,  cp.  Aretine 
dial,  sciadatto,  <  ex^  ad,  apt  us) ;  care- 
less, slovenly,  clumsy.  Aff.  -onaccio 
pegg.)  -one  -ona  augms. 

Sciaurato ;  pop.  for  Sciagurato. 

Sciavero  m.  (L.  ex,  secare,  with  in- 
strumental suffix,  as  if  from  a  form 
** cx-seca-brum ;  for  the  suffix  v.  supra 
-bro  in  loco]\  \.  slab,  outside  plank  (in 
sawing  the  trunk  of  a  tree  into  planks). 
2.  scrap,  waste  piece  of  leather  or  cloth, 
in  cutting  out. 

Scfbile(L.);  knowable. 

Scibolet  m.  ;  shibboleth. 

Scicche ;  the  Fr.  chic,  an  abbrevia- 
tion of  chicane,  nice  point,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Chicanery. 

Sciena  ;  v.  Sciaena. 

Sciente  (Scientre);  expert.  Aff.  -me'nte,  skil- 
fully. 

Scientific-amente,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Scienz-a/!;  as  E.  Etym.  L.;  the  root  is 
skfi,  to  cut  off  (cp.  plebiscitum,  that  which  is 
separated  off,  decided,  by  the  people),  so  that  the 
primary  meaning  of  scim  is  to  separate,  to  find  by 
analysis.  V.  Skeat,  sub  Science.  Aff.  -iato,  learned. 
*Scificare  ;=Pronosticare,  to  forecast. 

*  Scigna  y!;  =  Scimmia,  ape. 
*Scigrign-ay!;  weal.    *-ata/;  sword-cut. 

Scuta  m.  (Arabic  shTa,  sect);  r>.  Sunnita. 

Scilacc-a  /  (O.H.G.  slag,  > Germ. 
ScJiliig,  blow);  i.  blow  with  a  thong, 
flat  of  a  sword  or  the  like.  2.  iron,  or 
spreg.  for  Sciabola,  sabre.  Aff.  -are, 
-ata. 

Scilfccca  /  ;  i.  =  Cilecca,  "sell." 
2.  poke  with  the  fingers. 

Sciliato  ;  f>op.  for  Scilivato. 

*  Sciltngay!  ;  =  Siringa,  s>Tinge. 

Scilinguagnolo  »/.  (for  **Sollin- 
guagnolo,  <  bit.  ** sub-lingua-neus,  v. 
Sollingoro);  tongue-string.  Lo  —  era 
come  annodato,  he  seemed  unable  to 
speak.  Con  lo  —  bene  sciolto,  veiy 
talkative. 

Scilingu-are  (L.  ex,  e,  lingua);  to 
stutter.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atello  dim., 
-atura  stuttering  pronunciation. 

Sciliva  ;  pop.  for  Saliva. 

Scilivato  (by  metathesis  from  Lis- 
civa);  i. over-white  and  tasteless  (bread). 
2.  Saper  di  — ,  to  smell  like  badly- 
washed  clothes. 

Scilla  /;  (hot.)  I.  squill,  Scilla 
inaritima.  2.  —  delle  sabbie,  starry 
squill,  Scilla  Peruviana.  3.  Scylla, 
the  monster  of  the  Odyssey. 

Scill&o ;  of  Scylla. 

Scillio  in.  ;  i.  --  gattuccio,  large 
spotted  dog-fish,  Scyllium  canicula, 
locally  termed  Gatta  schiava,  Gattuccio, 
Gattusso,  Pinton  rouson,  Cagnolo,  Gat- 
tina.  2.  —  gatto-pardo,  small  spotted 
dog-fish,  beagle,  Scyllium  stellare, 
locally  termed  Gatta  d'  aspreo,  Gatta 
nostrana,  Gatto  pardo,  Gatta. 


Scillit-ico  ;  of  squill,  -inay:;  (ptiarm.)  extract 
of  squill. 

*Sc|Iloria  y^;  =  Cellorta,  gumption. 
Scildcco  ni. ;  pop.  for  Scirocco. 

Scildma  m.  (perhaps  a  corr.  of  Sillo- 
gismo) ;  long,  vain  discussion. 

Scil6ppo  m. ;  pop.  for  Sciroppo, 
syrup. 

Scima  (Sima)  f.  (Gr.  Kupa,  wave) ;  (arch.) 
cyma,  groove,  a  moulding  of  the  cornice,  an  ogee. 

Scimitarr-a  f.  (Persian  shiinshir,  lit.  lion's 
claw,  7'.  Skeat,  etf.  1910,  sub  vac.) ;  scimitar.  Aff, 
-ata  blow  with  a  scimitar,  -etta  dim. 

Scimmi-a  (Scimia)  /  (L.  simin, 
<  Gr.  o-t/ios,  flat-nosed) ;  i.  ape.  2.  Dir 
1'  orazione  della  — ,  or  della  bertuccia, 
to  mutter  curses.  3.  (dot.)  Noce  delle 
-e,  baobab  tree,  Adansonia  digitata. 

Aff.  -aggine  or  -ata  act  of  an  ape,  -alien  adj., 
t-ato  drunk,  -eggiare  =  -ottare,  -eggiatura,  -esco  adj., 
-etta  dim.,  -ona  or  -one  augm.,  -ottare  to  act  like  an 
ape,  -ottata  act  worthy  of  an  ape,  -ottino  sjtt>-rfir/i. , 
-otto  dim. 

Scimpanze  in.  (native  African  term);  chim- 
panzee. 

Scimunft-p  or  pop.  Scemunito 
(<a  participial  form  ** inseminito  of 
bit.  in-semi-nire,  to  diminish  by  half, 
cp.  Scemo) ;  silly.  Ajff.  -aggine,  -amdnte, 
-ello  dim. 

Scinco  in.  (L.,  <  Gr.  (neiynos,  name  for  the 
same  lizard);  skink,  an  African  lizard. 

Sclndere  per/,  scindei  or  scissi, 
part,  scisso  (L.,  root  skheid,  to  cut,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Shed,  vb.) ;  to  split,  divide. 

*  Scindula  ;  v.  Scandola,  roofing-shingle. 

Scingere  perf.  scinsi,  part,  scinto; 
=  Discingere,  to  loosen  or  take  off  the 
girdle. 

Scinno  in.  \  —  leccia,  a  species  of  shark, 
ScyniHHS  lichia. 

Scintill-a  / ;  spark.  AJf.  -accia, 
-amdnto,  -are,  -azi6ne. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  txiniele  (>  Fr.  itincelle), 
Span,  cetttelltt,  <  L.  scintilla,  dint,  from  a  stem 
scint,  akin  to  O.H.G.  sckinan,  A.S.  sclnan,  root 
stjei,  to  shine,  v.  Skeat,  stto  Shine,  Shimmer,  Sheer. 

Scinto  ;  part.  Scingere. 

Scid  !  inter},  shoo  !  (for  frightening  an  animal). 

Scio  (A);  (geofr.)  the  island  of  Scios,  of  uncer- 
tain gender,  v.  Schiro. 

*(B);  i.  Audare  a — ,  to  come  to  grief,  ii.  Man- 
dare  a — ,  (d)  to  dismiss,  (6)  to  kill.  tiii.  A — ,  =  A 
sdrucciolo ;  Sasso  a  — ,  slippery  stone.  In  these 
expressions  the  word  is  probably  akin  to  Scivolare. 

Scioc-caccio  pegg.;  -caggine  /, 
piece  of  silliness;  -cam^nte  adv. ; 
-cherello  dim. ;  -cherelWne  m.,  -cherel- 
lona  /,  augm.  dim.,  awful  little  fool ; 
-cheria^,  stupidity;  -cheri61a/,  dim. 
of  -cheria ;  -ch^zza  /,  foolishness  ; 
-chlno  dim. ;  v.  Sciocco. 

Sciocc-0  (L.  exsucus,  sapless,  < 
sucus,  sap) ;  silly.  Aff.  -onaccio  augm. 
pegg.,  -one  augm. 

Sci6gli-ere  or  Scibrre  ind.  sciolgo 
(*scioglio)  sciogli  scioglie  sciogliamo 
sciogliete  sciolgono,  perf.  sciolsi  sciogli- 
esti  sciolse...,////.  sciorro  or  sciogliero, 
subj.  sciolga, per/,  subj.  sciogliessi,/ar/j. 
sciogliente  sciolto  (L.  ex,  solvere);  i.  to 
undo,  untie.  2.  to  let  loose,  set  free. 
3.  to  resolve  (a  doubt  or  difficulty), 
dispose  of  it.  4.  to  release  from  an 
obligation.  5.  to  dissolve  (an  assembly 
or  a  marriage).  6.  to  reduce  in  density, 


SCIOGRAFIA— SCOFACCIARE 


545 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word 

make  a  liquid  more  watery.  7.  (chem.) 
to  dissolve.  8.  to  fulfil  (a  promise). 
9.  to  melt  (wax,  snow).  10.  -ersi,  of  a 
stiff  muscle  or  joint,  to  lose  stiffness. 

11.  -ersi   il  corpo,  to  have   diarrhoea. 

12.  —  Giordano,  to  say  out  what  one 
has  to  say.     13.  —  un  inno  di  trionfo, 
to  pour  forth  a  song  of  triumph. 

Part,  sciolt-o.  14.  loose,  not  tied 
up.  15.  A  briglia  -a,  with  loose  rein. 
16.  Troppo  —  di  lingua,  too  free  with 
his  tongue.  17.  —  di  membra,  active, 
agile.  1 8.  of  style,  easy.  19.  (Verso) 
— ,  blank;  (Parole)  -e,  without  rhyme 
or  rhythm.  20.  at  billiards,  Punto  — , 
a  miss,  given  on  purpose.  21.  (agric.) 
loose,  friable  (soil).  22.  (Libro)  — ,  un- 
bound. 23.  (Vino)  — ,  light.  24.  (mus.) 
(Arcata,  colpo)  — ,  at  the  discretion  of 
the  executant.  25.  as  excl.,  Sciolti  ! 
there  is  an  end  of  it,  or  more  strongly 
Sciolti  e  liberi !  26.  as  adv.,  Conversa 
— ,  he  speaks  with  ease. 

Aff.  Sciogli-bile,  -mento,  -tore,  -tdra,  -trice. 
Sciograf-ia  /  (Gr.) ;   sciagraphy,  viz.    i.    the 
art  of  dial-making.     2.  art  of  drawing  architectural 
sections.     3.  a  drawing  in  section.     Aff.  -ico. 
t  Sciogro  ;  =  Sciovero. 

tScioiere,  Scibgghiere  iud.  scibio  or  scibggo 
sci&i  sciole,  per/,  subj.  scioiessi ;  =  Sciogliere. 

Sclolo  adj.  or  sb.  (L.) ;  novice,  sci- 
olist. t=Bellimbusto,  dandy. 

Sciolsi  ;  per/.  Sciogliere. 

Sciolt-amente,  -6zza,  -o ;  ».  Sciogliere  (14) 
to  (18). 

•Sciolvere  ;  =  Asciolvere,  to  breakfast. 

Scionata  /.  or  Scidne  >«.;  (mar.)  whirlwind. 
tScioncare  ;  to  wrench  off  (a  bough). 
tScionire  ;  =  Sbalordire,  to  stupefy. 

Scionnare  (L.  ex,  somnus);  to  be 
awake. 

Scibp  m.  (Germ.  Schoppen);  mug 
(of  beer). 

Scioper-aggine/;  indolence,  -are 
ind.  sci6pero;  i.  to  disturb  at  work. 

2.  intr.   to   go   on   strike,      -ataccio ; 
pegg.  of  -ato.     -ataggine  /  ;   fondness 
for,   or    idleness    owing    to,    a    strike, 
-atam^nte  ;    adv.     -atezza  f. ;   unem- 
ployment,   -ato;  i.  out  of  work.    2.  lazy. 

3.  as  sb.,  striker,    -atonaccio  m.,  pegg. 
of  -at6ne  m.,  augm.  awfully  lazy.     -Io 
m. ;  I.  long  strike.    2.  frequent  striking. 
-O  nt. ;  I.  strike.    2.  In  — ,  without  work. 
-6ne   m. ;    i.   shirker.     2.  =  Scimunito, 
fool.     (L.  ex,  opus.) 

*Sciopinio  m. ',  v.  Sciupinio. 

*  Sciopino    m.    (L.    tx,    opinus,    T.    Opinare) ; 
incident. 

*Sciopio  >«.;  v.  Sciupio. 
•Scioppa/;;  v.  Stoppa. 

*  Sciorare  (A)  (L.  ex,  ox,  mouth) ;  to  flow  freely 
away.    t(B)=Sciorinare. 

t  Sciorganare  ;  to  cry  out  loudly. 
tSciorfna  /.;    i.    tight  breeze,      ii.    mullet,  v. 
Muggine  (4). 

Sciorin-are  ind.  sciorino  (L.  ex, 
aura, >**  exaurare,>**  exorinare  dim,, 
>  Sciorinare  ;  cp.  Provenc..  eissaitrar, 
to  raise  in  the  air,  Fr.  essorer,  to  put 
out  to  air,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Soar);  i.  to 
spread  out.  2.  fig.  to  rattle  off  (com- 
pliments, lies,  etc.).  3.  -arsi,  to  loosen 
one's  clothes,  as  before  lying  down. 

intr.  of  blood,  to  pour  out.     ii.  —  i  colpi,  to 


shower  down  blows,  iil.  -arsi,  to  cool  oneself  in  the 
open  air,  D.  Inf.  21.  116.  iv.  -ar*i,  -  Allontanarsi, 
to  go  away.  Aff.  -amlnto. 

H. 


Scidrre ;  v.  Sciogliere. 

•Scidttayl;  a  flavouring-powder  for  adding  to 
chocolate. 

*Scioverarsi ;  i.  =  Separarsi.     ii.  — Grogiolarsi. 

*  Scioverno  ;  v.  Sciverno. 

tSci6vero  (var.  of  Sciopero);  doing  nothing. 

•Scioverso  ;  v.  Sovescio. 

Sciovinismo  m.  (Fr. ,  <.Chaiivin,  a  character 
in  La  Cocarde  tricolore)  ;  chauvinism,  exaggerated 
patriotism. 

*  Scipa  ;  sckerz.  silly. 

*  Scip  -are  (var.  of  Sciupare)  ;  i.  to  spoil,     ii.  — 
il  sangue,   D.   Inf.  24.  84,  =  Agghiacciare  il   sangue 
(Blanc);    Bull's   explanation   is  "La  ricordanza   di 
quei  serpent!  ancor  mi  divide  il  sangue  da'  luoghi 
suoi  e  fallo  tornare  al  cuore,  come  fa  la  paura." 
iii.    -arsi,  to  miscarry. 

Scipid-o  (**exsapidus,  v.  Sapere);  pop.  for 
Scipito,  silly.  Aff.  •e'zza. 

Scipit-o  (Sciapido,  Sciapito,  Sciapo) 
(part,  of  *Scipire,  <  L.  ex,  sapere,  to 
have  flavour,  v.  Sapere) ;  senseless,  lit. 
tasteless.  Aff.  -dggine  silliness,  -ame'nte, 
-ello  dim.,  -dzza  tastelessness. 

•Scire  (A)  (L.) ;  to  know.  (B);  =  Uscire,  to  go 
out. 

*  Scirignata  f. ;  =  Scigrignata,  sword-cut. 

*  Sciringa  /;  =  Siringa. 

Scir6cc-o  pi.  -hi  (Sirocco,  Scilocco, 
Silocco)  m.  (Span.,  <  Arabic  sharq, 
east);  i.  south-east  wind.  2.  sou'wester 
(sailor's  hat).  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ale. 

Sciropp-o,  Sirbppp  m.  (Span,  xarabe, 
<T  Arabic  sharab,  drink,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Syrup,  Sherbet);  syrup.  Aff.  -are  vb., 
-etto  -ino  dims. 

•Scirpov/.  (L.);=Giunco,  rush. 

Scirr-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.  oxtppd?,  hard,  root  kar, 
hard)  ;  hard  tumour.     Aff.   -6so. 
t  Scirugliato  ;  =  Spettinato. 

Scism-a  m.  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  suit  voc.);  schism. 
Aff.  -aticamentc,  -atico. 

Scissile  (L.) ;  scissile,  readily  split. 

Scissi6ne/ ;  splitting.  Voto  di — , 
paper  giving  reasons  for  voting  against 
one's  party. 

Sciss-0  ;  part.  Scindere.  -ura  / ; 
split,  cleft. 

Scistdso ;  v,  Schisto. 

Scita;  Scythian. 

•Scitala  f.  (Gr.  ovniTiiAi),  rod);  Spartan  de- 
spatch, decipherable  only  upon  being  wound  spirally 
round  a  certain  rod. 

Scitale  m.  (var.  of  Scitala) ;  a  South  American 
snake,  Scytale  coronata. 

Scitmo  m.;  fruit  either  of  the  carob,  cassia,  or 
tamarind. 

tScitola  y! ;  =  Rosolaccio,  wild  poppy. 
Scitropo  tn. ;  Australian  cuckoo,  Scythrops. 
Sciugaman-i,  -o  m.  ittdecl.\  pop.  for  Asciu- 
gamano,  towel. 

Sciugare  ;  pop.  for  Asciugare,  to  dry. 
Sciugatd-io  w.;=Asciugatoio.     Aff.  -ino  dim. 
tSciugnolo  (prob.  <  bit.  **suiigulus,   for  «'«- 
guilts'}  ;  =  Mingherlino,  slim. 

tSciumicare;  =  Gemicare,  to  trickle. 

*  Sciuno  (prob.  contr.  <  Digiuno) ;  unprepared. 

Sciupacarta  m.  indecl. ;  scribbler. 
Sciup-acchiare  ;  dim.  of  -are. 

Sciup-are  (prob.  <some  formation 
like  **ex-supare,  where  **supare  repre- 
sents an  early  Teutonic  verb,  evidenced 
by  A.S.  supan  and  the  cognate  forms 
mentioned  by  Skeat,  sub  Sup);  i.  to 
spoil.  2.  to  waste  money,  throw  it 
away.  3.  -arsi,  to  injure  one's  health. 
4.  part,  -ato,  profligate.  *-arsi,  to  mis- 
carry. 

Aff.  -atella  girl  beginning  to  go 
wrong,  -at6re  r'bsb.,  -inare  to  destroy 
out  of  spite,  -info  freq.  sb.  of  -inare,  -fo 


j  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

freq.  sb.  of  -are,  -o  vbsb.,  wasting,  spoil- 
ing, -6ne  waster. 

t  Sciutto  ;  =  Asciutto,  dry. 

*  Sciverno    (Scioverno)   w.    (L.    ex,    liibertuts) ; 
period  when  a  vessel  is  laid  up  for  the  winter. 

Scivolare  ind.  scfvolo  (A)  (<O.H.G. 
slifAn,  cp.  A.S.  slupan,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Slip,  Sleeve,  through  some  bit.  form 
**silpvare) ;  i.  to  slip,  to  slide.  2.  (mus.) 
to  slide  a  note. 

*  (B)  (L.  sibilare)  ;  of  snakes,  to  hiss. 

Scivol-ata  / ;  a  slip,  -dtto  m. ; 
dim.  of  -o.  -o  m. ;  (mus.)  a  slide. 

Scivoldne  m.  \  i.q.  Sdrucciolone, 
slip,  in  walking. 

Scizia ;  Scythia. 

Sclam-are ;  pop.  for  Esclamare.     Aff.  -azione. 

Sclareayl;  (<W.)=Scarlea,  clary,  v.  Erba(8i). 

Scleranto  m.;  (tot.)  knawel,  Scleranthus. 

Scluso  ;  pop.  for  Escluso. 
*Scobbia  /;  =  Sgorbia,  chisel. 
*Scocca  '1  fuso  ;  lazy  (woman). 

Scocc-are  ind.  scocco  (v.  Cocca,  A) ; 
to  shoot  off,  let  fly ;  or  intr.  of  a  catch, 
to  spring.  -  la  campana,  to  ring  the 
bell  by  letting  go  its  spring.  Scoccan 
le  sette,  seven  o'clock  is  striking. 

Aff.  -atoio  =  Scattatoio,  -atrjre,  -atura. 

Scocc-etta/,  -etto  or  -ino  m.;  Fare  a  — ,  to 
hold  an  egg  and  strike  its  point  against  the  point  of 
another  egg  held  by  someone  else  till  one  of  them 
breaks. 

Scocchiumare  ;  to  fix  or  to  remove  the  bung. 
tScdccia  m. ;=Rompiscatole,  bore,  nuisance. 

Scocciare  ind.  sc6ccio;  i.  to  break 
the  shell  of  an  egg.  2.  (vulg.')  to  bore, 
to  harass ;  Non  voglio  star  qui  a  scoc- 
ciarvi  i  cordoni,  I  will  not  stay  and 
be  a  nuisance  to  you,  v.  Cordone  (7). 
3.  (mar.)  to  remove  a  hook,  e.g.  from  a 
block.  4.  of  a  fish,  to  get  off  the  hook. 

Scoccigliare ;  of  crockery,  to  rattle. 

Scoccino ;  v.  Scoccetto. 
t  Scocciolare  ;  =  Sconquassare,  to  shatter. 

Scbcco  m.\  i.  shooting  off,  v.  Scoc- 
care.  2.  striking  of  a  clock. 

*  Scoccobrino  ;  v.  Sconcobrino. 

Scoccol-are  ind.  scoccolo ;  i.  to 
strip  (a  plant)  of  berries.  2.  to  scribble 
off  (verses,  barbarisms,  etc.).  *part. 
-ato,  pronounced,  unmistakable. 

*  Scoccoveggiare  •  intens.  Coccoveggiare. 
Scod-are  ind.  scodo;  to  cut  off  the  tail,     -ato, 

tailless.      *  Putta  -ata,  =  Persona    maliziosa,    wide- 
awake. 

Scodazzdla  /;  (ornith.)=  Ballerina,  wagtail. 

Scodell-a  (Scudella)  /  (cogn.  Fr. 
fauelle,  Proveng.  escudella,  O.H.G.  scuz- 
zila,  >  Germ.  Schiissel,  all  <  L.  scutella, 
platter);  i.  soup-plate.  2.  porridge- 
bowl.  3.  Fare  —  delle  mani,  to  join 
the  hands  so  that  they  will  hold  water. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg. ,  -are  to  serve  up  or  serve  out 
(soup,  etc.),  -ata  plateful,  -etta  dim. 

Scodellina  /;  i.  dim.  Scodella.  2.  (oat.)  a 
species  of  medick,  Medicago  cochleatn.  *a  coin 
worth  about  two  shillings. 

Scodellfno  m.  \  i.  dim.  Scodella, 
smaller  than  Scodellina.  2.  scale-pan. 
3.  pan  for  the  priming-powder  in  a 
matchlock  gun.  4.  scherz.  dimple. 

Scodell-6ne  »;.,  or  -6na  f.,  augm.,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg.,  of  -a. 

Scodinzpl-are  ind.  scodi'nzolo;  to 
wag  the  tail.  Aff.  -fo  freq.  sb. 

*  Scofacciare  ;  to  squash  flat  like  a  Cofaccia. 

69 


546 


SCOFFINA— SCOMPIGLIARE 


For  the  detivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Auriou,  Maccarello.  2.  —  macchiato, 
Scomber pneumatophoriis,  locally  termed 
Lanzardo,  Salingardo,  Cavaluca. 

Scombliglio  m. ;  pop.  for  Scompiglio, 


•Scoffina  /.  (L.  scobina,  <  scftis,  shavings); 
rasp,  coarse  file. 

f  Scoffiottare  (O.H.G.  scofftn,  cp.  E.  scoff) ;  to 
deride. 

*Scoffone  m.;  woollen  outer  stocking  worn  by 
the  priests  of  certain  Orders. 

*  Scoglia/:;  =  Spoglia,  snake-skin. 

•Scogliato;  i.  castrated,  ii.  =Allentato,  rup- 
tured. 

Scogli-eggiare  ind.  scoglie"ggio ;  in- 
tens.  Coglieggiare,  to  play  the  dandy. 

Scogli-era  /  ;  i.  line  of  rocks,  reef. 
2.  =  Cascata,  rapid. 

Scoglietto  m. ;  dim.  Scoglio. 

Scbglio  m.  (A)  (L.  scopulus,  rock, 
=  Gr.  o-KoWXos,  headland  as  look-out 
place,  root  spak,  to  look,  cp.  Skeat,  sub 
Species) ;  rock. 

*(B);  =  Spoglia,  serpent's  slough,  D.  Purg.  2.  122. 

*(C);  =  Mala  accoglicnza.  Tempo  rivien  che 
merita  ogni  — ,  the  time  will  come  when  the  ill 
reception  shall  be  all  compensated. 

t  Scoglionare  ;  =  Canzonare,  to  make  game  of. 

Scoglioso  ;  rocky. 

Scoi-are  or  Squoiare  ind.  scuoio  (It. 
coio) ;  to  flay.     Aff.  -atura. 
Scoiattolo  m. ;  squirrel. 

Etym.  A  dim.  of  "Scoriatto,  <  L.  Kiuria,= 
Gr.  c-Ki'oupos,  perhaps  <  tTKta,  shade,  oupa,  tail, 
though  this  last  may  only  be  popular  etymology. 
"Scoriatto  represents  an  adjectival  form,  ** scuri- 
atus  <"  scurius  a  metathesis  of  sciutus;  cp.  Fr. 
/cureuit,  <**  scuriolns,  &diw.  of  **sc»rius. 

Sc61a/  (A) ;  v.  Scuola.  (B) ;  i .  pop. 
for  Spola.  Hence  2.  a  sort  of  spindle- 
shaped  spiced  roll. 

Scolaccia/;  pegg.  Scuola,  school. 

Scolafritto  and  similar  terms ;  v. 
Scolare  vb. 

t  Scolagi6ne  f. ;  =  Scolazione. 
Scolamento  m. ;  vbsf>.  of  Scolare. 

Scolar-e  m.,  -a  /  (mlt.  scolaris,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  School) ;  schoolboy  or  girl. 
Aff.  -accio,  -accia  peggs. 

Scolare  ind.  scolo  (It.  s-,  colare) ; 

1.  to   drain  off,  run   off.     Implements 
used  for  running  off  semi-liquid  food 
are  named  accordingly,  e.g.  Scolafritto, 
Scolamaccheroni,  etc.  2.  to  pass  through 
a  strainer. 

Scolar-eggiare  ind.  scolariggio ;  to  be  a 
schoolboy,  -esca  /,  the  pupils  of  a  school  col- 
lectively, -escamente  adv.,  -esco  adj.,  -etto  in. 
-etta./!  dims.,  -ino  m.  -inayC  dims,  vezz.,  -uccio 
m.  dim.  $preg.t  of -e. 

Scolastic-a  f.  ;     r.     Aristotelian    philosophy. 

2.  scholastic  theology.     Aff.  -aggine  spreg.,  -amente 
adv. 

Scolasticheria/! ;  pedantic  treatment  of  affairs. 
Scolastic-o ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ismo,  -ita,  -ume  spreg. 
*  Scolat-io,  *  -ivo  adj. ;  v.  Scolare  z4>. 

Scolat6io  m. ;  i.  water-channel. 
2.  strainer. 

Scolatura  /;  drainage,  refuse. 
*  =  Scolazione. 

Scolazi6ne  f. ;  {rued.)  gonorrhoea. 

Scole'tta  f.  (A);  i.  dim.  Scuola. 
2.  top  class  in  a  school.  (B);  dim. 
Scola,  roll. 

Scoliaste  m.;  as  E. 

Sc61ice  m. ;  scolex,  embryo  of  an  entozoic  worm. 
Scolimo  m. ;  (bot.)  golden  thistle,  v.  Cardo (i, k). 
Scdlio  m. ;  scholium.     Scolio  m. ;  freq.  sb.  of 
Scolare. 

Scolito  m.  ;  =  Galeruco,  bark-beetle. 

Scollacci-arsi ;  i.  to  uncover  the 
neck  too  much,  2.  fig.  -ato,  indecent 
(book). 


Scoll-are  (A)  (It.  colla) ;  to  unglue. 

(B)  (It.  collo);  i.  to  cut  a  dress  low 
at  the  neck.  2.  to  cut  off  the  neck  of  a 
bottle.  3.  (Scarpa)  -ata,  not  covering 


the  ankle.     4.   of  a  lady,  -ata,  in  low 
dress. 

'Scollata/I;  blow  on  the  neck. 

Scollato  m. ;  opening  at  the  neck  of 
a  dress. 

Scollatura/.  (A) ;  coming  unglued. 
(B);  i.  =  Scolio.  2.  of  a  bottle,  being 
without  a  neck. 

Scolleg-ame"nto  ;«. ;  i.  v.  -are. 
2.  disjointed  speaking. 

Scolleg-are  ind.  scolldgo  -hi ;  to  un- 
join, -arsi,  to  come  undone. 

Scollinare  ind.  scolh'no ;  to  go  out 
on  the  hills. 

Sc611o  m.  ;  opening  at  the  top  of  a 
shirt  for  the  neck,  "neck-handkerchief. 

*  Scollorire  ;  to  give  vent  to  rage. 

Scolmare  ind.  scolmo;  to  remove 
the  excess. 

Sc61o  m. ;  i .  drainage  or  drainage- 
channel.  2.  in  a  tobacco-pipe,  receptacle 
for  the  oil.  3.  (med.)  pathological  secre- 
tion from  any  mucous  membrane. 

Scolopendra  f.  (Gr.,  where  however  it  is  a 
borrowed  word) ;  a  genus  of  millipedes. 

Scolopendria  /.,  Scolopendr-io  or  -o  m. 
(Gr.,  from  a  fancied  resemblance  to  the  millipede) ; 
{hot.)  hart's-tongue  fem,  Scokpendrium  officinale, 
also  termed  Lingua  cervina. 

Scol6pio ;  (priest)  of  the  Scuole  Pie. 

Scolor-are  tr. ;  to  discolour,  -ire 
intr. ;  to  lose  colour.  AJf.  -ame'nto  or 
-imento. 

Scolpare  ind.  scolpo ;  to  exculpate. 

Scolp-ire  ind.  -isco,  perf.  scolpii  or 
(poet.}  sculsi,  part,  scolpito  or  (poet.} 
sculto  (L.  sculp£re,  akin  to  scalpSre,  v. 
Scalpello);  i.  to  sculpture.  2.  to  cut 
(a  gem).  3.  fig.  —  le  parole,  to  pro- 
nounce distinctly.  AJf.  -ime'nto,  -ita- 
mente. 

Sc61ta  /.  (bit.  **ascoltare,  <  L.  aus- 
culttire,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Scout,  Ausculta- 
tion); sentinel. 

Scoltell-are  ind.  scoltello;  to  root 
up  weeds  with  a  knife,  -arsi,  to  fight 
with  knives.  AJf.  -atore. 

*  Scolto  (poet.)  ;  part.  Scolpire. 
Scoltur-a/;  pop.  for  Scultura.    (mar.)  -e  di 

poppa,  quarter  badges,  ornamentation  of  a  vessel's 
quarter. 

Scoluccia/!;  pegg.  Scuola. 

Scombaciare ;  to  draw  asunder. 

*  Scombavare  ;  =  Sbavare,  to  slobber. 
*Scomberello  m. ;==Romaiolo,  long  scoop. 

Scombiccher-are  ind.  scombicchero 
(prob.  corr.  of  **scorbicchierare,  a  dim. 
based  upon  Scorbia,  blot);  to  scribble 
down.  Aff.  -at6re. 

Scombinare  ind.  scombino ;  i .  to 
disarrange.  2.  (print.}  to  distribute 

(type). 

Scdmbro  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  o-Kopppos) ; 
I.  —  comune,  mackerel,  Scomber  scom- 
brits,  locally  termed  Sgombro,  Ganzarioi, 


disorder. 

Scombui-are  (contr.  of  **scom- 
bugliare,  which  is  either  a  corr.  of 
Scompigliare  or  <  L.  ex,  con,  bullire, 
v.  Bolla) ;  to  throw  into  disorder,  turn 
topsy-turvy.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Scombussol-are  ind.  scombiissolo ; 
a  stronger  term  than  Scombuiare,  to 
upset  completely.  Aff.  -amento,  -10 
freq.  sb. 

Etym.  Either  <  Bussolo,  money-box,  with  pre- 
fixes dis-,  con-,  as  it  were  to  mix  up  the  contents  of 
the  box,  or  more  probably  <  L.  ex,  compulsare,  to 
strike,  through  a  form  ** ex~compnlsolare,  altered 
under  the  influence  of  the  more  familiar  Bossolo. 

*  Scominare  ;  =  Sgominare. 

*  Scorn  ma/!  (Gr.  (rxta^na)  :  gibe. 

Scomme'ssa  /  ;  bet.  Stare  su  per 
— ,  to  be  only  just  able  to  stand  up. 

Scpmme'tt-ere  ;  i.  to  bet,  prob.  from 
depositing  the  stake  with  a  third  party, 
v.  Commettere  (3).  2.  to  undo;  -ersi, 
to  come  apart,  as  the  parts  of  a  thing 
made  of  unseasoned  wood.  Aff.  -itore, 
-itora,  -itura. 

*  Scommezzare  ;  =  Smezzare,  to  halve. 
•Scommiatare  ;  =  Accomiatare,  to  take  leave  of. 

Scomm6v-ere,  Scommubvere,  perf. 
scommossi,  etc.,  v.  Movere;  to  move, 
to  affect.  Aff.  -ime'nto,  -itore. 

Sc6mod-o ;  uncomfortable.  Aff. 
-amdnte,  -are  ^>6.,  -uccio  dim.  iron. 
precious  uncomfortable. 

Scompagin-are  ind.  scompdgino ; 
i.  to  put  out  of  order.  2.  (print.)  to 
distribute  (type).  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura, 
-azione. 

Scompagine  /  (L.  ex,  compages, 
union,  <  the  stem  of  pangere,  to  join, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Pact) ;  disorder. 

Scompagn-are ;  to  dissociate,  isolate. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Scompagno ;  ill-matched. 

Scompannare ;  to  disarrange,  esp. 
bed-clothes. 

Scomparire ;  i.  to  disappear.  2.  to 
cut  a  poor  figure. 

Conjugation  :  ind.  in  sense  (i)  scom-paio  -pari 
-pare  -pariamo  -parfte  -paiono,  perf.  scom-parvi 
-paristi  -parve  -partmmo  -pariste  -parvero,  part. 
scomparso ;  ind.  in  sense  (2)  scom-parisco  -parisci 
-parisce  -pariamo  -parite  -pariscono,  perf.  scom-parii 
-paristi  -pan  -parimmo  -pariste  -parirono,  part,  scorn- 
parito. 

Scomparsa  / ;  disappearance. 

Scompart-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  divide 
up.  2.  to  separate  combatants.  Aff. 
-imento. 

*Scompensare ;  i.  to  make  out,  discover  by 
much  thought,  ii.  =  Ragguagtiare,  to  arrange  lightly. 

Scompiacente ;  disobliging. 

Scompigli  m.pl. ;  (hot.}  =  Scapigliata, 
love-in-a-mist. 

Scompigli-are  (for  *• scompileare,  < 
L.  compilare,  with  negative  prefix,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Compile) ;  to  confound,  upset. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atame'nte,  -atore,  -o. 


SCOMPISCI  ARE— SCON  VOLGERE 


547 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Sconsol-are  ind.  sconsolo;  to  ren- 
der disconsolate.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore, 
-atom,  -atrice,  -atorio,  -azi6ne. 

Scont-are  ind.  sconto;  i.  to  work 
off  a  debt.  2.  to  work  out  time,  in 
prison  ;  —  la  quarantena,  to  go  through 
quarantine.  3.  fig.  to  pay  for,  e.g.  a 
good  dinner  by  an  attack  of  gout.  4.  to 
allow  discount  off  a  bill.  5.  to  discount 
(a  bill  of  exchange). 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -ante  sb,,  -atore. 

Scontent-am6nto  m.  ;  discontent. 
Aff.  -are,  -&za,  -o. 

*  Scontess-ere  ;=Sciogliere,  to  analyse  (a  verse). 
Aff.  -itura. 

t  Scontiare  ;  =  Scontare. 

Scontinuare ;  to  discontinue. 
Scont-ista  m. ;  bill  discounter,    -o 
m. ;  discount,  v.  -are. 

Scont6rc-ere  ind.  scontorco  scon- 
torci,/^/.  scont6rsi,^ar/.  scont6rto ;  in- 
tens.  Contorcere  to  distort.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

Scontraffare ;  intens.  Contraffare. 

*  Scontrappesarsi  ;  to  lose  equilibrium. 

Scontrare  ind.  sc6ntro ;  to  en- 
counter. 


Scompisci-are  ;  to  make  a  mess  of.  -arsi 
dalle  risa,  vulg.  Jig.  to  burst  with  laughing. 

tScompitare;  to  write  inaccurately,  leaving  out 
letters. 

Scomplet-are  ind.  scompleto ;  to 
make  incomplete.  Aff.  -o  adj. 

Scompon-ibile  rt^'.,-im6nto  m.vbsb., 
of  Scomporre. 

Scomp-orre,  for  conjugation  v. 
Porre ;  to  break  up,  disarrange,  take  to 
pieces,  -orsi,  to  be  perturbed,  abashed, 
discomposed. 

Aff.  Scompos-itivo,  -itore,  -itrice,  -izione,  -ta- 
roente,  -tezza. 

Scomp-utare  ind.  scomputo  ;  to  de- 
duct, set  off.  Aff.  -utdbile,  -uto  sb. 

Scompuzzare;  to  disturb  about 
nothing. 

Etytn.  L.  ex,  cotnpttlsare,  pronounced  compul- 
zare,  to  right,  the  /  being  subsequently  dropped,  cp. 
Scombussolare. 

*  Scompuz2ol-are    (dim.    Scompuzzare);    i.  = 
Scavizzolare,  q.v.     ii.  -arsi,  =  Impiparsi,  not  to  care. 

*  Scomun-are  ;  =  Disunire.  ^_^'-aglia,  discord. 

Scomunic-a  f. ;  excommunication. 
Aff.  -are,  -atdre. 

*  Scomuzzolo  ;  v.  Scamozzolo. 
•Sconcacare  ;  =  lmbrattare,  to  soil,  v.  Cacare. 

*  Sconcacciare  ;=  Scacciare,  to  drive  away. 

Sconcare  ind.  scon-co  -chi ;  to  take 
out  of  the  wash-tub. 

Sconcaten-are  ind.  sconcatdno;  to 
unchain.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Sconcennatamente  ;  =  Sconciamente,     inde- 
cently. 

Sconcert-are  ind.  sconcerto;  to  dis- 
concert, upset.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -o, 
-uccio  dim. 

Sconc^zza  f. ;  unseemliness. 

Sconci-ame'nte;  adv.  of -o.  -ame'nto; 
vbsb.  of -are. 

Sconci-are  ind.  sconcio ;  i.  to  spoil. 
2.  to  disarrange.  3.  -arsi,  to  cause  one- 
self to  miscarry.  *-arsi  un  piede,  to 
sprain  one's  foot.  Aff.  -attira. 

Scdncio;  i.  disgusting,  indecent. 
2.  very  awkward.  3.  knocked  about, 
as  a  ship  by  a  hurricane.  4.  deformed. 
5.  as  s&.,  awkward  movement,  unex- 
pected difficulty,  awkwardness.  6.  as 
adv.,  in  an  awkward  position,  uncom- 
fortably. 

*  i.     dislocated.      ii.     sprained.      iii.     crippled, 
iv.    rugged,   D.   Inf.    15.   131.     v.  =  Scoscendimento, 
broken  ground. 

Sconclu-dere  perf.  -si,  part,  -so; 
i.  to  annul.  2.  to  refuse  to  conclude, 
not  to  hold ;  Vitaccia  -dente,  screw  that 
does  not  bite. 

SconcluSionato  ;  never  coming  to  a 
conclusion. 

*  Sconcobrino  (Scoccobrino) ;  =  Giullare,  buffoon. 

Sconcord-anza/;  discordance.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

Sconc6rd-e ;  out  of  accord.    Aff.  -ia. 

*  Scondere  ;  =  Nascondere,  to  hide. 

*  Scondescendere;  =  Scoscendere. 

*  Scondito  ;    i.  =  Nou    condito.     ii.  fig.    silly, 
iii.    untidy. 

Sconfacente ;  unsuitable. 
Sconfdrma  / ;  contradiction. 


Sconfermare  ind.  sconfermo;  to 
contradict,  the  j-  being  privative,  but 
formerly,  the  s-  being  then  intensive,  it 
meant  to  confirm  strongly. 

Sconfess-are  ind.  sconfe'sso ;  to  dis- 
avow. Aff.  -ione. 

Sconficc-are ;  to  undo,  unfix,  pull  to 
pieces.  Aff.  -abile,  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Sconfld-are ;  to  distrust. 
Sconfid-ente ;  distrustful.  Aff.-k.raa.. 

Sconffggere  ind.  scon-figgo  -figgi, 
perf.  -fissi  -figgesti,  part,  -fitto ;  to  dis- 
comfit, defeat  completely.  *to  unnail. 

Aff.  Scunfigg-imento,  -itore,  -itrice. 

Sconfinare  ind.  sconfino ;  i.  to  quit 
a  prescribed  place  of  abode.  2.  fig.  to 
transcend  the  regular  boundaries,  to 
digress  widely. 

Sconfltt-a  /;  defeat,  -o;  part. 
Sconfiggere. 

Sconf6ndere ;  intens.  Confondere, 
to  confound. 

Sconfort-are  ind.  sconfbrto;  to  de- 
press. *to  dissuade.  Aff.  -eVole,  -o 
discouragement. 

Scongegnare  ind.  sconge'gno ;  to 
throw  out  of  gear. 

Scongiungere ;  to  disunite. 

Scongiur-are ;  to  conjure  (i.e.  either 
exorcise  or  supplicate). 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o. 
t  Sconguazzare  ;  =  Scorbiare,  to  blot. 

Sconness-ame'nte ;  disconnectedly. 
Aff.  -i6ne. 

Sconn-ettere  perf.  -essi,  part,  -esso ; 
to  disconnect. 

Sconoccbi-are  zW.  scon6cchio;  i.  to 
take  from  the  distaff.  2.  to  strip  the 
grain  from  maize.  3.  fig.  to  consume. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Sconoscen-te ;  ungrateful.  Aff.  -te- 
mdnte,  -za. 

Scon-6scere  ind.  -osco  -6sci,  perf. 
-6bbi  -oscdsti,  parts,  -oscente  -osciuto; 

1.  not  to  know.     2.  to  be  ungrateful. 

Sconosc-im^nto  m. ;  ingratitude. 
Sconosciutame'nte ;  secretly. 
Sconquass-are ;  to  smash  up. 

Aff,  -am^nto,  -atore,  -o  havoc,  -time. 

Sconquidere ;  intens.  Conquidere, 
to  harass. 

Sconsacrare;    i.    to  unconsecrate. 

2.  to  curse. 

Sconsenso  m. ;  pop.  for  Consenso. 

Sconsent-ire  ind.  -o;  to  dissent. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

*Sconserto  in.',  —  Sconcerto,  v.  Sconcertare. 

Sconsider-ato ;  thoughtless.  Aff. 
-atamdnte,  -ate"zza,  -azi6ne. 

Sconsigli-are ;  to  dissuade,  -ata- 
mente ;  adv.  of  -ato.  -at£zza  / ;  v. 
-ato.  -ato  ;  helpless,  unfortunate, 
-atdre,  -at6ra,  -atrice,  vbsbs.  of  -are. 
-0  in. ;  counter  advice. 


*  i.  —  male,  =  Abbattersi  male,  to  be  ill  received. 
ii.   Riscontrare,  to  check. 

*Scontrazzo  ;«.  ;  skirmish. 

*  Scontrevole  ;  =  Accessibile,  Che  porge  via. 

*  Scontrinare  ;  to  vote  upon,  appoint  by  voting. 

Scontrlno  m.  ;  ticket,  voucher  for 
verification. 

*  =  Scrutinio.     Mettere  a  —  ,  to  put  to  the  vote. 

Sc6ntr-o  m.\  i.  encounter,  collision. 

2.  (Hitch.)  catch  ;  —  d'  apertura  dei  por- 
telli  delle  caldaie,  catch  of  the  fire-doors. 

3.  (mar.)  —  di  scalo  da  varare,  dog- 
shore  ;   —  del  longherone,  spur-beam, 
v.   Paasch,   Diz.   Mar.,  plate  30,  5  ;   -i 
(dell'  apparecchio  per  rimontare  I'elica), 
pawls  ;  -i  or  castagne  dell'  argano,  cap- 
stan-pawls.    4.  as  part.  sync,  for  Scon- 
trato. 

*L  adversary,  ii.  misfortune,  iii.  occasion, 
reason,  iv.  =  Sostituto,  Cambio  nel  comando  ;  Che 
fosse  mandate  innanzi  tempo  uno  —  a  Cesare,  that 
some  one  be  forthwith  despatched  to  Caesar  to  whom 
he  should  hand  over  his  command,  y.  Allo  —  di, 
on  the  model  of.  vi.  In  iscpntro  di,  instead  of. 
vii.  as  adv.,  =  In  contro,  opposite. 
viii.  =Scontroso. 


Scontros-accio  gegg.,  -aggine  /, 
-etto  or  -Ino  dims.,  -ita^,  peevishness, 
less  snappy  than  -aggine  ;  v.  -o. 

Scontrdso;  snappish,  cantankerous. 

Sconturbare  ;  intens.  Conturbare,  to 
perturb. 

Sconturbo  m.  ;  perturbation. 

Sconvenevol-e  ;  unseemly.  Aff. 
-dzza,  -mdnte. 

Sconvenidn-te  ;  unbecoming.  Aff. 
-teme'nte,  -za. 

Sconvenire  ;  to  be  unbecoming. 
(For  conjug.  v.  Venire.) 

t  Sconversarsi  ;  to  trouble  oneself. 

Sconvertire  ind.  sconverto  ;  to  per- 
vert those  who  had  been  converted. 

Sconv61-gere  ind.  -go,  perf.  -si, 
part,  -to  ;  to  upset,  throw  into  con- 
fusion. 

Aff.  Sconvolg-ime'nto,  -itdre,  -itrice. 

69  -  2 


SCONVOLTOLARE— SCORNETTARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

Scbrbut-O  i/i.  •  scurvy.     Aff.  -ico. 

Etytti.      mlt.   scorbutus,   said    to    be  <  Dutch 
scheiirbuik,  scurvy,  <  scheitreti,  to  break,  tear,  bitik, 
belly  ;  but  v.  Skeat,  sub  Scorbutic. 
*  Scorcare  ;  to  get  out  of  bed. 

Scorcettlno  m.  ;=Zeppettina,  small 
wedge. 

Scorci-are  ind.  sc6rcio  (**excurti- 
are,<L.  ex,  curtits;  curtus  is  <  root 
skere,  to  cut ;  cp.  E.  shear,  short,  Gr. 
K(ipa>,  to  cut) ;  i .  to  shorten.  2.  {paint.) 
to  appear  foreshortened.  3.  =  Scocciare, 
to  harass.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Scorciat6i-a/,  -o  m. ;  short  cut. 
Scorci-at6re  ;«. ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Scdrcio  m. ;  i.  foreshortening.  2.  re- 
mainder of  a  given  time  or  of  an  article 
which  shortens  as  it  is  consumed.  3.  as 
adj.,  syncop.  for  Scorciato.  *  =  Lazzo, 
quip. 

Score-ire ;  var.  of  Scorciare,  to 
shorten.  Aff.  -itura. 

Scord-are  ind.  sc&rdo  (L.  cor,  heart, 
in  sense  of  mind);  i.  to  forget.  2.  (hot.) 
Non-ti-scordar-di-me,  forget-me-not,  v. 
Talco.  3.  to  be  out  of  accord. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -atura  discordance,  -evole  i.  for- 
getful, 2.  easily  forgotten. 

Scdrdio  (Scordeo)  tn.  (L.,  =  Gr.  <nt6p£tov,  < 
aKop&ov,  garlic) ;  (bot.)  —  d'  acqua,  water-ger- 
mander, Teiicrium  scordiitm. 

Scbrdo ;  syncop.  for  Scordato  part. 
Scordare. 

Scord6ne ;  very  forgetful. 
Score"ggia/  ;=Coreggia  (A)  or  (B). 

*  Scoreggiale  m.\  leather  belt. 
Scoreggiare  ind.  scoreggio  ;  to  fart.     *  to  beat 

with  a  strap. 

Scorfano ;  r.  Scorpena. 

Scbrgere  ind.  scor-go,  perf.  -si, 
part,  -to  (L.  ex,  corrigere,  cp.  Accor- 
gersi)  ;  i.  to  perceive;  Farsi  — ,  to 
attract  (undesirable)  attention.  2.= 
Guidare,  to  guide;  Per  voler  die  giu 
lo  scorge,  by  will  of  Him  who  directeth 
it  to  earth,  D.  Purg.  17.  18.  3.  part. 
scorto,  prudent. 

Aff.  Scorg-imento,  -itore. 

Scoria  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <r«iupt'a,  slag,  <  <r«iip, 
dung) ;  slag,  metallic  refuse. 

Scori-azidne  /  ;  scorification,  re- 
duction of  a  body  to  scoria,  a  method 
of  assaying  by  fusing  the  ore  with 
metallic  lead  and  borax  in  a  flat  dish 
termed  a  scorifier.  -ficatdio  m. ;  sco- 
rifier. 

Scorillo  ,a.  (Germ.  Schorl,  frob.  <  Swedish 
skiir,  brittle);  (;«/».)  schorl,  black  tourmaline. 

Scornabecco  m.\  (but.)  i.  Cistus  &alvifoliust 
a  species  of  rock-rose.  2,  common  broom,  f. 
Ginestra  (2). 

'Scornacchiare  ;  =  Scorbacchiare. 

Scornare  ind.  scorno  (L.  ex,  cornu, 
horn) ;  i.  to  dishorn.  2.  Jig.  to  hold  up 
to  contempt.  t  =  Far  corni,  fitte. 

*Scornata_^;  =  Cornata,  butting. 

Scornatura/ ;  dishorning. 

*  Scorneggiare  ;    i.  =  Cozzare,    to    butt.     ii.  = 
Scornettare. 

Scornettare  ind.  scorne"tto;  i.  to 
be  always  blowing  the  horn.  2.  to  cut 
away  suckers  from  a  plant. 


tSconvoltolare  ;  =  Svoltolare,  to  roll  up. 

Scopa  /.  (L.  scopa,  orig.  thin  twig, 
by  vowel  gradation  <  the  stem  oiscapus, 
shaft;  root  skap,  v.  Scanno) ;  i.  (bot.) 
(a)  —  d'  acqua,  water  violet,  2'.  Erba 
('37);  (ty  —  arborea  or  —  da  fastella, 
tree-heath,  Erica  arborea ;  (c)  —  cene- 
rina,  fine-leaved  heath,  v.  Erica  (4) ; 
(d)  —  comune  or  meschina,  common 
heath  or  ling,  v.  Erica  (i);  (e)  - 
d'  Irlaada,  Irish  heath,  v.  Erica  (5); 
(/)  —  macchiaiola,  cross-leaved  heath, 
Erica  tetralix ;  (g)  —  marina,  French 
tamarisk,  v.  Tamarige ;  (A)  —  meschina, 
•v .  supra  (d).  2.  =  Granata,  broom  made 
of  heather;  —  di  betulla,  birch  broom  ; 
-  di  cocco,  coir  broom ;  —  di  olco, 
dhurra-grass  broom  ;  Darsi  la  —  su'  pie- 
di,  i.e.  to  make  a  mistake  when  playing 
the  critic.  3.  a  card  game  (a  kind 
of  casino) ;  Fare  — ,  to  sweep  the  board. 
*Romper  la  — ,  to  live  riotously. 

*Scopagione/|  flogging. 
*Scopagogne  m.  ;  =  Furfante,  rogue. 

Scopai61a  f. ;  (ornith.)  \.  land-rail, 
v.  Rd  (5).  2.  Passera  — ,  or  scopina, 
hedge-sparrow,  v.  Passera  (A,  note  6). 

Scopamari  in.  pi. ;  (mar.)  lower 
studding  sails. 

*  Scopamestieri  m.\   one  always  changing  his 
trade. 

Scopare  ind.  scopo;  i.  to  flog. 
2.  fig.  to  pillory.  3.  to  sweep. 

*i.   to  include,    ii.  Aver  scopato  piu  d'  un  cero, 
to  be  a  crafty  knave. 

Scoparinayl;  (fAeui.)  extract  of  Genista  sen- 
fmria. 

Scopaticcio;  matted  by  heather 
roots. 

Scopatoio  m. ;  brush  for  wiping  out 
a  cannon. 

Scopat6re  m. ;  cleaner  of  the  Vati- 
can rooms. 

*i.  (*rc£)oneof  the  Confraternity  dei  Disciplinati, 
Flagellant,     ii.  =  Scopatoio. 

Scop-aturay^;  vbsb.  of  -are.     *=Rabbuffo. 

*Scopavegghie  /w,;  =  Chi  si  caccia  per  time  le 
conversazioni. 

Scoperagnola /  ;  (ornith.)  i.  =  Ster- 
pazzola,  white-throat.  2.  —  minore,  = 
Bigiarella,  lesser  white-throat. 

Scoperchi-are  ind.  scoperchio  ;  to 
uncover.  -  il  tetto,  to  unroof.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Scopert-a  /  (It.  scoprire);  i.  dis- 
covery. 2.  invention.  3.  Fare  alia  — , 
children's  game  of  catching  one  another 
with  no  particular  base.  4.  (mar.)  look- 
out man.  5.  =  Spianata,  clearing.  Aff. 
-ame"nte,  -ura. 

Scop&to  m. ;  heath,  heathery  ground. 

Scop-6tta,  -ettina,  dim.,  sub-dim., 
of  -a. 

Scopettare  ind.  scopdtto ;  to  brush 
down,  to  dust  (clothes). 

Scopiccio  m. ;  pop.  for  Scopeto. 

Scopina  /  (A);  v.  Scopaiola  (2). 
(B);=Fr.  chopine,  pint. 

Scopfn-o  ;  Terra  -a,  heath,  moor- 
land. 


Scbpo  in.  (L.,  <Gr.  VKOTTOS,  orig, 
watcher,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Scope) ;  i.  pur- 
pose. 2.  =  Mira,  aim,  target.  3.  in 
surveying,  =  Mira,  paper  fixed  for  ob- 
serving through  the  telescope. 

Sc6po  m.  (var.  of  Scopa) ;  (bot.) 
heather-bush. 

Scbpola  f. ;  cuff  (lighter  than  Sca- 
paccione). 

Scopdne  in.  ;  I.  augm.  Scopa  in 
sense  (2).  2.  a  variety  of  Scopa,  the 
card  game. 

Scoppettiere ;  v.  Scoppiettiere. 

Scoppettino  m. ;  Augustinian  monk. 

Scoppi-are  ind.  scoppio  (A)  (bit. 
**scloppus,  cp.  L.  stloppus,  a  slap,  of 
imit.  origin) ;  i.  to  burst,  explode.  2.  to 
crack,  spring.  3.  scherz.  to  die. 

(B)  (It.  coppia)  ;  to  uncouple. 

Aff.  -^bile,  -ame'nto. 

Scoppiatura/ ;  i .  explosion.  2.  crack 
in  the  skin. 

Scoppiett-are  ind.  scoppidtto ;  to 
make  a  snapping  or  crackling  noise. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Scoppiettiere  (Scoppettiere)  m. ;  carbineer. 

Scoppiett-ino  m.  •  dim:  of  -o. 
Scoppiettlo  m. ;  crackling. 

Scoppidtto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Scoppio. 
2.  carbine. 

Scbppio  m. ;  i.  explosion,  burst  ; 
—  del  carro,  letting  off  the  fireworks  in 
Florence  on  Easter  Eve  from  a  waggon 
brought  into  the  Piazza  del  Duomo. 
2.  crack,  e.g.  of  a  whip.  3.  Di  — ,  all 
of  a  sudden. 

*  i.  =  Schioppo,  gun.     ii.    Fare  — ,  to  excite  sur- 
prise,    iii.  =Crepacuore,  grief. 

Scopr-ibile,  -imento ;  ?'.  -ire. 

Scopr-ire  ind.  sc6pro,  perf.  -ii  or 
scopersi ;  i.  to  uncover,  unveil.  2.  to 
unroof.  3.  to  discover.  4.  —  il  paese, 
Jig.  to  reconnoitre  the  ground,  feel  the 
pulse  of  the  opposition.  5.  —  la  Corona, 
to  bring  the  Sovereign  into  politics. 
6.  (Nave)  scoperta,  undecked.  7.  A 
fronte  scoperta,  frankly.  8.  Trarre  allo 
scoperto,  to  overdraw  one's  account. 
9.  -irsi,  to  take  off  one's  hat. 

Aff.  -itore,  -itora,  -itrice,  -itura. 

Scoragg-iare,  -ire  (ind.  -isco);  to 
discourage.  Aff.  -iamdnto,  -ime'nto. 

Scor-are  ind.  sc6ro ;  to  dishearten. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Scorbaccbi-are  (It.  corbo,  crow);  to 
hold  up  to  contempt,  lit.  to  croak  at. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Scorbellato ;  addicted  to  cynicism 
and  scoffing. 

Scbrbia/  ;=Sgorbia,  gouge. 

Scorbi-are  ind.  sc6rbio;  to  make 
blots.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atura. 

Scbrbio,  Sgbrbio  m.  (attributed  to 
L.  scorpio,  Scarabocchio  from  scara- 
baeus  being  adduced  as  a  parallel,  which 
is  far  from  convincing ;  also  to  corvus, 
a  more  likely  guess) ;  blot  of  ink. 


SCORNICIARE— SCOTENNARE 


549 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

been  thought  applicable  to  supposed  poisoning  by 


Scornici-are  ind.  scorm'cio  ;  i.  to 
make  picture-frames.  2.  to  make  cor- 
nices. Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Sc6rno  m. ;  shame,  ignominy. 

Scoron-are  ind.  scorono;  i.  to  trim 
a  brush  down,  remove  its  top.  2.  to 
break  the  crown  of  a  tooth.  3.  to  tell 
one's  beads  with  more  pretence  of 
prayer  than  reality.  4.  scherz.  to  un- 
crown, dethrone.  5.  (herald?)  part. 
-ato  (tree)  without  its  top. 

Scoronciare;  spreg.  of  Scoronare 
(3)- 

Scorpacciata  /.  ;  hearty  meal, 
bellyful. 

*  Scorpare  ;  to  eat  heartily. 

Scorpena  /.  (L.  scorpaena,  <  Gr.  crKopirtuca,  a 
fern,  form  corresp.  to  <r*copirtos,  v.  Scorptone) ;  I.  — 
nera,  Scorpacna  porcus  (fish),  locally  termed  Scar- 
pena,  Rascas&a,  Scorfano  nero,  Scrofana.  2.  — 
rossa,  hog-fish,  Scorpaena  scroja,  locally  termed 
Scarpena  di  sasso,  Scarpena  rossa,  Bezugo,  Pesce 
cappone,  Capoun,  Scorfano  rosso,  Cipudda.  3.  — 
volante,  Scorpaena  volitans. 

Scorpion-cello,  -cino  m.;  dim.  of -e. 

Scorpi6ne  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.   o-Kopirios)  • 

1.  scorpion.     2.   (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of 
catapult  or  cross-bow,  or  arrow  shot  by 
it.     3.  cat-o'-nine-tails.     4.   —  marino, 
sea-scorpion,  Coitus  scorpius. 

Scorpor-are  ind.  scorporo ;  i.  to 
expend  out  of  capital,  to  lay  out.  2.  to 
separate  a  part  from  the  corpus  of  a 
fund.  *-arsi,  to  exert  oneself.  Aff. 
-azi6ne. 

Scbrporo    m. ;     i.     v.    Scorporare. 

2.  serious  expense. 

Scorrazz-are  (L.  ex,  currere,  through 
an  irregular  freq.  **  curritidre,  from  a 
part.  ** curritus) ;  i.  to  ramble  about. 
2.  to  overrun.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Scorr&ggere ;  to  make  less  correct. 

t  Scorriggia  /. ;  =  Coreggia. 
tScorrenzayC;  diarrhoea. 

Sc6rrere  per/,  scorsi,  part,  scorso ; 
i.  to  run,  on  a  cord  or  line.  2.  to  run 
through  (a  book).  3.  to  scour  (a 
country).  4.  --la  cavallina,  to  sow 
one's  wild  oats.  5.  part.  La  settimana 
scorsa,  last  week. 

Scorrerla/ ;  incursion,  foray. 

Scorrett-accio /*££-.,  -amente,  -ezza ;  v.  -o. 
Scorrettivo  ;  making  more  incorrect. 

Scorre't'to ;  inaccurate,  faulty. 

Scorr6vol-e;  moving  easily.  (Ver- 
si)  -i,  flowing  easily,  harmonious.  Aff. 
-e"zza,  -me'nte. 

Scorrezi6n-e/ ;  incorrectness.  Aff. 
-cella  dim. 

Scorri-banda,  -bandola  /  ;=Scor- 
reria. 

Scorrid6re  m. ;  (mil.)  scout. 

*i.  =  Kio,  brook,     ii.  lounger. 

Scorrime'nto  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Scorrere. 

t  Scon-ire ;  =  Scemare  di  peso,  Kibassare  di  prezzo. 

*  Scorrotto  m.  \  mourning,  v.  Corrotto. 

*  Scorrubbiarsi  ;  to  fly  into  a  rage. 

Scorrucc-iarsi  (-irsi);  intens.  Cor- 
rucciarsi,  to  get  angry.  Aff.  -io,  sb. 

Sc6rs-a  /. ;    I.    a   run.      2.    a   slip. 


3.  Dare  una  —  ad  un   libro,  to   skim 
through  a  book.     Aff.  -erella,  -ettina, 
dims. 

Scorsi  ;  perf.  of  Scorgere. 

*  Scorsia  f. ;  =  Corsia. 

Scdrsp ;  i.  part.  Scorrere.  2.  as 
sb.,  —  di  penna,  di  lingua,  slip  of  the 
pen,  or  tongue. 

Scors6io;  Nodo  — ,  running  knot, 
slip-knot. 

Scbrta  f. ;  i.  escort.  2.  provision, 
e.g.  of  journey  money.  3.  in/)/.  =  Stime 
morte,  the  equipment  of  a  farm. 

4.  (theat.)  subvention. 

*i.  =  Avviso, 'lesson,     ii.    Fare  una  —  a  uno,  to 
catch  him  unawares. 

Etym.  It.  scorgere  in  its  orig.  sense  of  guiding, 
the  fem.  of  the  past  part,  being  used  with  persona 
understood  and  passing  into  the  sense  of  able  to 
guide.  ' 

Scortare  (A)  ind.  sc&rto  (It.  scorta) ; 
to  escort.  (B)  ind.  sc6rto  (It.  corto) ; 

1.  to  shorten.     2.  to  be  foreshortened. 

3.  in  incised  work,  —  un  lavoro,  =  As- 
sottigliarlo  dal  rovescio,  to  cut  it  away 
from  the  back. 

*  Scortat oia  f. ;  =  Scorciatoia,  short-cut. 

*  Scorte  ;  i.  evidently,     ii.  sb.=  Scorta. 

Scortecci-are  ind.  scorte"ccio ;  to 
peel,  remove  the  crust.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

*  Scort-eggiare ;—  Scortare. 

Scort4s-e ;  rude.     Aff.  -eme'nte,  -fa. 

Scorticagatti  m.  indecl. ;  spreg. 
cruel  doctor. 

Scortic-are  (v.  Scorza)  ind.  scortico ; 
to  skin,  to  peel.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*Scorticariayl;  a  long,  broad  fishing-net,  seine. 

Scortic-at6io  ;  knacker's  yard,  -atd- 
re,  -atdra,  -atrice,  v.  -are. 

Scortichfno  m. ;    i.   skinning-knife. 

2.  skinner.    3.  (scherz.)  medical  student. 

4.  fig.  usurer. 

Scortinare  ind.  scortfno ;  to  destroy 
the  curtain  of  a  fort. 

tScortire  ;  =  Scorcire,  to  shorten. 

Sc6rto  part.  Scorgere.  *i.  as  adj.= 
Sincere,  Schietto.  ii.  as  adv.,  clearly. 

*  Sc6rto  m.  ;  =  Scorcio,  foreshortening. 

Sc&rz-a  f.  (L.  cortex  with  an  s  pre- 
fixed under  the  influence  of 'Scorticare 
<  **ex-corticare ;  for  cortex  v.  Cor- 
teccia) ;  i.  bark,  rind.  2.  scherz.  spreg., 
uniform.  3.  fig.  outside  appearance, 
pretext;  Di  dura  — ,  obstinate. 

*L  =  Scoria,     ii.  A  —  a  — ,  little  by  little. 
Aff.  -are  to  peel,  -atura,  -etta  dim. 

Scorzdne  m. ;  \.  rough  fellow,  boor. 
2.  black  viper.  3.  =  Torzone,  serving- 
friar,  ta  sea-bream,  v.  Cantaro  (B,  2). 

Etym.  In  senses  (i)  and  (3)  augm.  of  Scorza. 
As  viper  it  is  also  no  doubt  connected  with  Scorza, 
cp.  Span,  escuerzo,  toad,  perhaps  from  its  rough 
skin :  and  the  poisonous  snake  may  have  taken  its 
name  from  this,  since  toads  have  always  been  popu- 
larly held  to  be  poisonous. 

Scorzone'ra  / ;  (dot.)  a  genus  of 
Compositae  sometimes  termed  in  Italian 
Viperino  and  in  English  viper's  grass, 
two  species  of  which,  Scorzonera  eiiulis 
and  Hispanica,  are  cultivated  as  useful. 

Etym.     Span,  tscuerzo,  toad,  the  root   having 


Ig  1 

toads,  v.  Scorzone,  etym.  The  form  should  have 
been  Scorzoniera,  but  the  i  was  probably  dropped 
under  the  influence  of  the  familiar  word  nero;  cp. 
the  German  name  of  the  plant,  Sckwarzwurz,  black 
root. 

Scorzoneria/ ;  v.  Scorzone  (i). 

*  Scorzuto  ;  covered  by  a  rind. 

Scdsa  /.;  (»iar.)=Chiglia  laterale,  auxiliary 
keel. 

Scosare  ;  intens.  Cosare. 

Scosc6nd-ere  perf.  scosce"si,  part. 
scoscdso  (L.  ex,  con,  scindere,  the  i 
altered  to  e  under  the  influence  of 
Scendere)  ;  i.  to  break  to  pieces. 
2.  intr.  to  fall,  as  an  avalanche.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Scosce'so  ;  part.  Scoscendere.  As 
adj.,  rugged,  precipitous. 

Scosci-are ;  i.  to  cut  off  the  leg  (of 
a  chicken,  etc.).  2.  -arsi,  to  spread 
one's  legs  widely,  as  in  climbing  or 
stage-dancing,  t  =  Sciancare,  to  lame. 

Scosciat-a  / ;  spread  of  the  legs. 
Aff.  -ma  dim. 

Scoscio  m.;  i.  =  Scosciata.  2.  fork 
(of  trousers). 

[2^=  In  the  line  Allor  fu  io  piu  ti- 
midoallo — ,  D.  Inf.  17.  121,  Blanc  takes 
-  as  =  Scoscendimento,  precipice,  a 
meaning  supported  by  the  local  Tuscan 
Scoscioso;  others  make  —  =Scosci- 
ata,  in  which  case  the  meaning  of  the 
passage  is  either,  more  timid  as  regards 
(keeping  my  balance  with)  outspread 
legs,  or,  more  timid  as  to  separating  my 
legs  (and  dismounting). 

tScoscioso  ;  =  Scosceso,  broken. 

Sc6ss-a/  (It.  scuotere);  i.  a  shake. 
2.  shock.  3.  short  but  heavy  rain  or 
hailstorm.  Hence  4.  unexpected  pro- 
fusion, e.g.  of  mushrooms.  5.  A  -e,  by 
fits  and  starts  ;  Volare  a  -e,  to  fly  with  a 
jerky  flight. 

•i.    Dar  la  —  al  barile,  to  drink  immoderately, 
ii.    Aile  sette  -e,  after  many  attempts. 
*Scossare  ;  =  Scuotere,  to  shake,  jolt. 

Scossata/  ;  tottering  movement. 

Scoss-erella/^;  dim.  -a-(a)or(3). 
Scoss-etta,  -ettina,  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of -a  (3). 

*  Scossio  ;//.;  =  Gramola,  flax-breaker. 

Scosso ;  part.  Scuotere. 

Scoss-6ne  m.  ;  augm.  of  -a  (2) 
or  (3). 

Scostarue'nto  m.  ;  interval,  dis- 
tance of  separation. 

Scost-are  ind.  scosto  ;  to  move 
away,  e.g.  to  move  a  chest  out  from  the 
wall,  the  contrary  of  Accostare.  As 
word  of  command  Scosta!  shove  off! 
-arsi  dal  tema,  to  wander  from  the 
subject. 

Scostolare  ind.  scostolo  ;  i.  to  re- 
move the  midrib  of  a  leaf.  2.  to  smooth 
out  the  fold  of  a  piece  of  paper  which 
has  been  doubled. 

Scostumat-o ;  low,  ill-mannered. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -e"zza. 

Sc6tano  m. ;  (&tf.)  =  Capecchio,  sumach-tree. 

Scotennare  ind.  scotdnno;  to  skin 
(a  pig),  v.  Cotenna. 


550 


SCOTENNATO— SCRIVANIA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds 

*Scotennato  >«.;  hog's  lard. 

Scbtere  ;  v.  Scuotere. 

*  Scoticare  ;  i.  =  Scotennare.     ii.  to  mow  close. 

Scot-ime'nto  vbsb.,  -io  freq.  sb.,  of 
Scuotere. 

Scotista  m.\  follower  of  Duns  Scotus,  i3th 
century.  His  theological  descendants  were  the 
Franciscans,  whilst  the  Dominicans  followed  Aquinas. 

Scotitoia  f.;  woman  employed  to  shake  the 
rags  in  paper-making. 

Scotit6io  m.  \  i.  place  where  ore  after  being 
washed  is  set  to  drip.  2.  perforated  bowl  for  salad. 

Scoti-t6re,  -t6ra,  -trice;  t'bsbs.  of  Scuotere. 

Scoto  m.\  v.  Scotista. 

Scdtolay^;  scutcher,  scutching-sword,  v.  Scoto- 
lare. 

Scotol-are  ind.  sc&tolo  (O.H.G.  scutildn,  > 
Germ.  scMitteln,  to  shake  up,  ».  Scuotere);  to 
scutch  flax  with  the  Scotola,  a  kind  of  knife  with  a 
blunt  edge,  or  wooden  knife,  so  as  to  separate  the 
fibres  from  the  Lisca,  hards,  before  combing.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Scotdma  m.  (Gr.  trKoTu/ia,  <  OXOTOS,  dark- 
ness) ;  dark  patch  in  the  field  of  vision. 

Scotomiayl;  (med.~)  blind  dizziness. 

Scotonello  m. ;  (bot.)  ivy-leaved  toadflax,  v. 
Cimbalaria. 

Scbtta  /  (A) ;  (mar.)  sheet  for 
drawing  a  sail  taut,  v.  Mura.  For  a 
list  of  a  vessel's  sheets  v.  Paasch,  Diz. 
Mar.,  pp.  453—460. 

(B) ;  whey,     t  (0) ;  =  Gazza,  magpie. 

Etym.  In  sense  of  sheet,  cogn.  to  Fr.  lamte, 
Span,  escota,  <  Dutch  schoot  or  one  of  its  allied 
words,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sheet,  Shoot ;  possibly  the 
name  for  the  magpie  may  have  some  similar  origin, 
cp.  E.  scoter,  referring  to  a  genus  of  ducks. 

In  sense  of  whey,  according  to  Schade  (Alt- 
deutsch.  Wtbch.,  sub  Scotto),  <  O.H.G.  scotto, 
though  the  meaning  does  not  perfectly  correspond, 
since  scotto  means  curds,  not  whey,  but  the  analogy 
of  Swiss  scliotte,  skim  milk,  seems  to  get  over  this 
difficulty.  Scotto  is  <  Germanic  root  skud,  to  shake, 
cp.  Germ.  Sc/iutt,  rubbish,  ruins,  E.  shudder. 

Diez  prefers  derivation  <  L.  excocta,  quoting 
the  Comascan  form  Scocia,  regarding  whey  as 
cooked  out  from  milk.  Rotting  gives  both  deri- 
vations without  comment,  and  indeed  there  seems 
no  reason  why  the  word  should  not  be  a  fusion 
from  both  sources. 

fScottame  m.  ;=Gratile  di  scotta,  foot-rope. 

Scott-are  ind.  sc&tto  (bit.  **ex- 
coctare,  freq.  of  L.  excoquere,  to  boil 
thoroughly);  I.  to  burn,  of  things  too 
hot  to  handle  but  not  red-hot,  also  fig. 
as  in  E. ;  11  foco  che  non  mi  scalda 
non  vo'  che  mi  -i,  i.e.  I  will  not  stand 
ill-treatment  from  one  who  cannot  do 
me  any  good  ;  Esser  come  il  carbone 
che  tinge  o  -a,  to  be  always  doing 
mischief,  ///.  to  be  like  charcoal  which 
either  makes  one  dirty  or  else  burns. 
2.  to  scald  by  plunging  in  boiling  water, 
but  not  long  enough  to  cook. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atma  dim.  -atura,  -aturma 
dim. 

*  Scotteggiare ;  to  chatter  like  a  magpie,  v. 
Scotta  (C). 

•Scottiere  m.\  i.  =Oste,  innkeeper.  11.  in  an 
iron-works,  storing-place  for  the  ore. 

Scottina  f. ;  dim.  Scotta  (A). 
*Scottinare  ;  =  Scagliare,  to  throw. 
Scottino  m.;  a  kind  of  fine  cloth,  like  Finetto. 

Scbtto  m.  (A)  (bit.  scotum,<Ge.*- 
manic  root  shut,  cp.  A.S.  sceot,  >  E. 
scot  and  shot,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Scot-free) ; 
scot,  bill  at  an  inn. 

(B);=  Scottino. 

(C) ;  as  adj.  —  Scozzese,  Scotch. 
*i.=Vivanda.    ii.  =  Mensa.    iii.  war  contribution, 
iv.  Tenere  a  —  uno,  =  Passargli  il  vitto,  to  keep  him. 
v.  sync,  for  Scottato. 

*  Scottobrunzo  m. ;  prob.  —  Scoccobrino. 

t  Scovacassero  in. ;  (war.)=Vela  di  straglio  di 
mezzana,  mizen-staysail. 

*  Scovacciare  ;  to  rouse  from  the  lair. 
tScovanuvole  m.',  (/?;rtr.)=Spazzanuvole,  sky- 
scraper. 


with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

Scov-are  ind.  scovo  ;  i.  to  rouse, 
v.  Covo.  2.  fig.  to  discover.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

*  Scoverchiare  ;  to  uncover. 

tScovetti  m.  pi. ;   (wrtr.)=Gheroni,  gores  of  a 
sail. 

•Scovigliayl;  sweepings. 

Sc6volo  m.  (L.  scopula,  dim.  of 
scopa,  a  broom) ;  sponge,  for  a  cannon, 
brush,  for  a  boiler  tube  or  the  like  ;  in 
provincial  English,  scovel. 

Scovrire  ;  poet,  for  Scoprire,  to  discover. 

Sc6ziay:  (bit.  scotta,  <  Gr.  <r«cm'a,  darkness); 
(arch.)  scotia,  hollow  moulding  round  the  base  of  a 
column. 

Scozz-are  ind.  scozzo  (///.  to  knock 
asunder,  v.  Cozzare) ;  to  shuffle  (cards). 
Aff.  -ata,  -atfna  dim. 

Scozzese  ;  Scotch.  Vestito  — , 
plaid. 

Scozzon-are  ind.  scozzdno ;  to  break 
in,  train. 

Aff.  -atore,  -atura,  -e  i.q.  -atore. 

Scracchiare,  Scaracchiare  (cogn. 
Fr.  cracher,  <an  imit.  north  German 
base  hrak,  cp.  A.S.  hraekan,  >  E.  retch, 
q.v.  in  Skeat);  I.  to  hawk  and  spit. 
2.  fig.  to  spit  upon,  show  contempt  for. 

tScrafo  tti.  (cp.  Scaraffare);  contempt. 

*  Scralla  / ;  a  child's  game. 
Scramare  ;  pop.  for  Sclamare. 

Scranna/  (Scranno  m.);  i.  high- 
backed  wooden  chair.  2.  =  Manganella, 
q.v.  (\).  3.  Sedere  a  — ,  to  assume  a 
doctorial  air. 

Etym.   Cogn.  Fr./crau,  bench,  O.H.G.  tcrimaa, 
"'.  Skeat,  sub  Screen  ;  the  transition  of  meaning  to 
"chair"  may  have  been  due  to  Scanno,  q.v. 
tScraticchiare  ;-Scatricchiare,  to  unravel. 

Screanzat-o  ;  ill-mannered.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

•Screato,  Scriato;  stunted,  weakly. 

*  Scredente  ;   i.    distrustful,     ii.    contumacious, 
t  iii.  =  Screanzato. 

*  Scredere  ;  to  cease  believing. 

Scredit-are  ind.  scre'dito;  to  bring 
into  discredit.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Screment-izio,  -o,= Escrement-. 

*  Scremenzia  f.\  =  Squinanzia,  quinsy. 

Screpante;  =  Borioso,  rowdy. 

*Screpazzare  ;  =  Scoppiare,  Crepare. 

Screpol-are  ind.  screpolo ;  intens. 
Crepolare,  to  crack.  Aff.  -atura,  -o  i.q. 
-atura. 

*  Screscere  ;  to  decrease. 

Screspare  ind.  scre'spo ;  to  smooth 
out  the  folds. 

Screzi-are  ind.  screzio  (prob.  <  L. 
discrepitare,  freq.  of  discrepere,  to  differ 
in  sound) ;  usu.  as.  part,  -ato,  variegated. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Screzio  m. ;  i.  variegation.  2.  di- 
vergence of  opinion. 

Scria  m.\  intfns.  Cria,  young  bird. 
Scriano  m.;  pop.  for  Scrivano. 

*  Scriato  ;  v.  Screato. 
Scriba  m. ;  as  E. 

Scribacchi-are ;  spreg.  to  scribble. 
Aff.  -atore,  -no  or  Scribaccino  i.q. 
-atore. 

Scricchi-are  ind.  scricchio  (<imit. 
root  eric,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Creak) ;  to 


for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

creak  ;  also  of  wood  burning,  to  crackle. 
Aff.  -o  sb. 

fFinche  non  scricchia  il  sole,  till  the  sun  rises. 

Scriccbiol-are  ind.  scricchiolo  (dim. 
Scricchiare) ;  to  creak.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ata,  -io  freq. 

tScriccioli  m.  pi. ;  =  Siccioli. 

Scrfcciol-o  m.  (imit.)  ;  wren,  v.  Re 
(4).  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Scriere  ;  pop.  for  Scrivere. 
*Scrigna  ;=Scrigno. 
t  Scrignare  ;  =  Schermire. 

Scrign-o  ;«.  (cogn.  Fr.  farin,  Germ. 
Schrein,  E.  shrine,  all  ultimately  <  L. 
scrinium,  box, akin  to  curvus,  v.  Curvo)  ; 
money-box.  Porta  sul  groppone  lo  — , 
scherz.  of  a  hunchback.  Aff.  -ettino 
sub-dim.,  -etto  dim. 

*or  tScrignuto;  i.  hunchbacked,     ii.  convex. 

*Scrillay^;  a  child's  game. 

*Scrima  f.',  i.  fence,  skill  in  fencing,  ii.  = 
Schiera,  band.  iii.  Stare  in  sulla  — ,  —  Stare  a  tu 
per  tu. 

*  Scrimagliayl;  =  Schermo,  defence. 

Scriminatura  /  (L.  discriminates) ; 
hair-parting. 

*  Scrimire ;  =  Schermire. 

Scrimolo  ;/;.  (L.  discrimen) ;  i.  ex- 
treme edge  of  a  precipice.  2.  edge  of 
a  bedstead,  t  =  Scriminatura. 

*  Scrina  /.;  =  Scriminatura. 

Serin-are;  i.  to  clip  a  horse's  mane 
and  tail.  2.  part,  -ato,  with  no  hair. 
*to  part  (hair).  Aff.  -atura. 

Scrio,  Scrivo  (prob.  <  O.H.G.  skiri, 
pure,  root  skei,  to  shine,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sheer)  ;  exactly  this  or  that,  usu. 
doubled,  Acqua  scria  scria,  water  and 
nothing  else. 

Scristian-are,  -ire ;  to  unchris- 
tianise. 

*  Scriticato  ;  without  criticism. 

Scritt-a/;  i.  bond,  written  con- 
tract. 2.  inscription. 

*i.  =  Scrittura.     ii.  =  Cronaca.     iii.  =  Nota,  Lista. 
Aff.  -accio /*££•.,  -arello,  -erello,  -ino  dims. 

Scritto ;  part.  Scrivere.  As  sb., 
writing. 

Scritt6i-o  m. ;  i.  bureau,  office. 
2.  writing-desk.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 

Scritt6r-e  m.  ;  writer.  Aff.  -ello, 
-dtto,  dims,  spreg. 

*Scrittoria  _/! ;  i.  writing-desk,  ii.  writing- 
room,  iii.  writership,  at  the  Vatican,  iv.  trade  of 
letter-writer. 

Scritt-drio  adj..  -oruccio  or  -ucolo  dim. 
spreg..  -oruzzo  dim.  iron.,  -riceyC;  v.  -ore. 

Scritt-ucciaccio,  -uccio;  dim.  pfgg.  or  spreg. 
of -o. 

Scrittura/;  i.  writing.  2.  Scrip- 
ture. 3.  (com.)  —  doppia,double  entry(in 
accounts).  4.  (theat.)  engagement. 

Scrittur-abile ;  v.  -are.  -accia  /  ; 
pegg.  of -a.  -ale;  i.  scriptural.  2.  as 
sb.  =  Scrivano.  -are ;  to  engage  in 
writing,  -azione/  ;  vbsb.  of  -are.  -6tta 
or  -Ina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.  -ista  m,  ; 
commentator  on  the  Bible. 

Scrivacchi-are  ;  ptgg.  Scrivere.  Aff.  -atdre 
-no. 

Scrivan-ayl,  -ello  m.,  dim.  vezx.,  of -o. 
*ScrivaneriayC;  trade  of  a  copyist. 

Scrivania/ ;  writing-desk. 


SCRIVANO— SCUOTERE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word j  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Scrivano  m. ;  I.  copyist.  2.  (mar.) 
mate. 

Scrfv-ere  perf.  scrissi,  part,  scritto 
(L.  scribere,  cogn.  Gr.  aKitpupdupai,  to 
scratch,  O.H.G.  scriban,  A.S.  scriban, 
these  two  not  borrowed  from  L.  though 
influenced  by  it  in  meaning,  root 
skeribh,  a  development  of  root  sker,  to 
cut) ;  to  write. 

Aff.  -ibile  adj.,  -icchiare  or  -ucchiare  spreg. 
*  Scrivo  adj. ;  v.  Scrio. 
*Scriziato;  v.  Screziare. 

•Scroba  /.,    also    m.    in   pi.   (L.   scrobis,    root 
skeribh,  to  scratch,  v.  Scrivere);   deep  ditch. 

Scrocc-are  ind.  scrocco  -hi  (It. 
scrocco)  ;  to  obtain  by  spunging. 

Aff.  -atore,  -heria  vbsb.,  -hiare  i.q.  -are. 
* Scrocchiatore  «i.;=Slrozzino. 

Scr6cchio  in.  (var.  of  Scrocco) ;  a 
combination  of  money-lending  and 
fraudulent  trading,  loaning  with  the 
condition  that  the  borrower  takes  part 
of  the  loan  in  rubbishy  pictures,  or  the 
like. 

ii.  Scarpe  con 


fraudulent  money- 


*i.  Pigliare  lo  — ,  to  be  taken  in. 
lo  — ,  squeaky  boots,  v.  Scricchiare. 

Scrocchi6ne  m. 
lender. 

Scrbcco  in.  (cogn.  Fr.  escroc,  sharper, 
<  O.H.G.  scurgo,  >  Germ.  Schurke, 
rogue);  I.  spunging;  Campare  a  — , 
to  live  at  other  people's  expense. 
2.  =  Scrocchio,  cheating.  *  =  Scocco. 

Scrocc6n-e  m. ;  spunger.  Aff.  -a/, 
-accio  pegg. 

t  Scrocellare  ;  to  slit  chestnuts  crosswise. 

Scrociare  ind.  scrocio  ;  (tnar.)  —  un  pennone, 
to  cock  bill  a  yard,  the  opposite  of  Incrociare. 

Scrbfa  /  (L.)  ;  i.  =  Troia,  sow. 
2.  (med.)  scrofulous  gland. 

tScrofana;  v.  Scorpena. 

Scr6fol-a  f.  (L.  scrofutae,  from  a  fancied 
resemblance  of  swollen  glands  to  little  pigs)  ;  (med.) 
scrofula-  Aff.  -are. 

Scrofolaria,/  (from  a  reputation  of  the  plant 
for  curing  scrofula):  (bot.)  i.  —  acquatica,  water 
figwort,  Scrophularia  aquatica.  2.  —  maggiore, 
great  figwort,  Scrophularia  nodosa.  3.  iu  pi.,  the 
Scrophulariaceae. 

Scrofoldso  ;  (med.)  scrofulous. 

Scrogiolare  ind.  scrogiolo  (cogn.  Fr. 
gruger,  <  Low  Germ,  grusen,  >  Dutch 
gruisen,  to  crush,  prob.  of  imit.  origin, 
cp.  Skeat,  sub  Grudge) ;  to  crunch. 

*Scroi  m.  pl.\  a  sort  of  clogs  for  working  in  wet 
ground. 

Scroll-are  ind.  scrollo ;  intens.  Crol- 
lare,  to  shake.  *-arsi,  to  be  spoilt. 

A_ff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atura,  -o  sb., 
-one  augm.  of  -o. 

*  Scropoloao ;  lumpy. 

Scrosci-are;  v.  -o.  *  =  Cricchiare, 
to  squeak. 

Scrbscio  m.  (imit.,  if.  Crosciare) ; 
rushing,  roar. 

Scrost-are  ind.  scrosto ;  to  remove 
the  crust.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura  place 
where  the  surface  has  peeled  off. 

Scrbto  ;«. ;  as  E.  Etym.  L.,  meta- 
thesis of  scortutn  in  its  orig.  sense  of 
skin,  hide,  root  sker,  to  cut,  cp.  A.S. 
scrud,  garment,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Shroud, 
Shred. 

tScrdcido;=Rozzo,  rough. 


Scrud-ire,  Scrudol-ire,  both  ind. 
-isco ;  to  remove  the  rough  (crude),  to 
warm  slightly. 

Scrun-are ;  to  break  a  needle's  eye. 
Part,  -ato,  with  no  eye. 

Scrupol-eggiare  ind.  scmpoleggio ;  i.  to  have 
scruples.  2.  to  be  scrupulously  particular,  -etto 
dim.  >o. 

Scrupol-o  in.  (L.,  dim.  of  scrupus,  sharp 
stone,  root  sker,  to  cut,  v.  supra,  Scroto) ;  scruple. 
*i.  twentieth  part  of  an  hour.  ii.  difficulty. 

Aff.  -osamente,  -osita,  -oso,  -uccio  dim. 

Scrut-are  (L.  scrutari,  to  search 
among  rubbish,  <  scruta,  broken  bits, 
root  sker,  v.  Scroto) ;  to  scrutinise. 
Aff.  -amdnto,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Scrutin-are  ind.  scrutfno  (L.,  dim. 
of  scrutari,  v.  Scrutare) ;  to  scrutinise 
minutely.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Scrutfnio  m. ;  i.  balloting  upon  a 
proposal.  2.  election  by  ballot,  whether 
open  or  secret  ;  —  di  lista,  Fr.  scrutin 
de  lisle,  where  every  elector  may  vote 
for  as  many  candidates  as  are  to  be 
elected  for  his  department,  as  opposed 
to  —  individuale,  Fr.  scrutin  d'arron- 
dissement,  where  he  may  only  vote  for 
the  representative  of  his  own  division. 
3.  scrutiny.  4.  (hist.)  enquiry  into  the 
qualifications  of  candidates  for  baptism. 

t  Scucchia  f. ',  Madama — ,  =  Haz7Ona. 

Scucchiaiare ;  to  rattle  with  spoons. 

•Scuccomedra/  (a  made-up  word);  =  Brenna, 
jade. 

Scuccutrittolay:;  pop.  for  Cutrettola,  wagtail. 

Scucinare  ind.  scucfno;  to  attend 
to  the  kitchen. 

Scuc-ire  (Scuscire)  ind.  sciicio ;   to 
unstitch.     Aff.  -itura. 
Scud-accio  /«. ;  pegg.  -o. 
Scudaio  in. ;  shield-maker  or  bearer. 
*  Scud-are;    to  cover  with  a  shield,      -arsi,  = 
Scansarsi. 

tScudella;  =  Scodella,  bowl. 

Scuderia  / ;  stables,  of  a  gentle- 
man. 

Scude'tto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Scudo.  2.  stud 
in  form  of  a  shield.  3.  guard  over  a 
keyhole.  4.  pan,  in  a  flint-lock  musket. 
5.  v.  Scudicciolo. 

Scudicciblo  in. ;  in  grafting,  Innesto 
a  — ,  grafting  by  inoculation,  the  piece 
of  bark  inserted  being  termed  Scud-o, 
-etto  or  -icciolo,  the  bud  Occhio,  and 
the  opening  where  it  is  placed  Por- 
tello. 

Scud-icino  m. ;  dim.  -o. 

Scudi6r-e,  -o  m. ;  i.  squire  to  a 
knight,  //'/.  shield-bearer.  2.  Grande 
— ,  groom  of  the  stables  in  a  royal 
household.  3.  Calzoni,  Stivali  alia  -a, 
riding-breeches,  or  boots. 

Scudisci-are  ;  to  whip.    Aff.  -ata. 

Scudiscio,  Scuriscio  (Scutiscio)  m. 
(**sculicius,  <  L.  scutica,  prob.  <  Gr. 
(TicvdiKTJ,  the  prototype  of  the  Russian 
knout) ;  properly  thin  flexible  rod  or 
cane  used  as  a  riding-whip,  hence 
generally  =  Frustino,  whip.  Giova- 
notto,  Donna  che  pare  uno  — ,  i.e. 
nimble. 


Scudisci-one  m. ;  i.  augm.  -o.  2.  fig. 
tall,  thin  person. 

Scud-o  in.  (cogn.  Fr.  /«<,  <  L.  scu- 
tum, prob.  <  root  she  it,  to  cover,  cp. 
Skeat,  sub  Obscure) ;  i.  shield.  2.  In- 
nesto a  — ,  v.  Scudicciolo.  3.  crown, 
a  coin  varying  in  value  with  locality 
and  date.  It  would  now  be  understood 
to  be  a  five-franc  piece.  4.  —  a  piastra, 
trigger-plate  of  a  gun.  5.  —  della  spal- 
lina,  crescent  of  an  epaulet.  Aff.  -one 
augm. 

tScuerz-ayl;  — Sferza,  whip.     Aff.  -are  vb. 

Sciiffia  f. ;  i.  pop.  for  Cuffia,  cap. 
2.  (mil.  hist.)  bag  of  stones  for  shoot- 
ing out  of  a  mortar.  +  =  Sgorbia, 
gouge. 

ScufM-ia,  -ra/;  cap-maker. 

Scuffiare ;  i.  slang  for  Mangiare. 
2.  =  Minchionare. 

Scuffi£tt-a,  -ina  ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Scuffia. 

ScufffnayC  (L.  scab  ina,  dim.  of  scobis, 
filings,  root  scab,  to  cut,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Shave) ;  coarse  grater,  rasp,  v.  Rasiera 
(3)- 

Scuffionare  ind.  scuffiono ;  =  Scuf- 
fiare (2),  to  jeer. 

IScuffione  m. ;  tench,  v.  Tinea. 

Scuffibtto  m.  ;  augm.  Scuffia. 

•Scugnare,  Scuneare  ;  to  dislodge. 

Sculacci-are ;  i.  to  smack  (a  child) 
on  the  behind.  2.  fig.  Farsi  — ,  to  get 
oneself  into  disgrace. 

Aff.  -ata  sb.,  -atina  dint.,  -one  great  smack, 
-oncinojittle  smack. 

Sculettare  ind.  scule'tto ;  i.  to  walk 
with  a  waddle.  2.  of  animals,  to  kick, 
lit.  let  out  with  the  rump.  3.  pop.  to 
run  off. 

Sculiscio  m. ;  pop.  for  Scudiscio,  whip. 
*Sculm-ato,  -anato  ;  lame  (horse). 

Sculsi ;  perf.  Scolpire. 

Scultell-arsi ;  to  fight  with  knives. 
Aff.  -atura,  cut. 

*  Scultile  ;  portrayed  in  sculpture. 

ScultO ;  part.  Scolpire. 

Scult-dre  ;«.;  sculptor.  *spy.  Aff.  -6rio,  -rice, 
-ura. 

Scunay!,  Scunerw/.;  (mar.)  schooner. 

*  Scuneare  ;  v.  Scugnare. 

Scuoiare  ind.  scuoio ;  =  Scoiare,  to 
skin. 

Scu61-a,  Sc61-a  /.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr., 
root  segh,  to  hold,  so  that  the  primitive 
meaning  was  "leisure,"  v.  Skeat,  sub 
School);  school,  -e  pie,  schools  for 
gratuitous  teaching,  founded  by  Cala- 
sanzio,  a  Spaniard,  in  the  l6th  century, 
and  carried  on  by  the  Order  of  the 
Scolopii.  *(B) ;  v.  Scola  (B,  2). 

Scubtere,  Scbtere  ind.  scuoto,  perf. 
scossi  scotdsti  scosse  or  *scusse,  part. 
scosso  ( L.  excutere,  <  ex,  quatere,  to 
shake) ;  I.  to  shake.  2.  to  shake  off. 
3.  —  le  busse,  le  bastonate,  etc.,  to  dis- 
regard them.  4.  —  la  febbre,  to  shiver 
with  fever.  5.  to  move,  excite  to 
emotion. 

*i.  =  Scagliare,  to  hurl.  ii.  to  shake  out,  D.  Purg. 
j8.  in. 


552 


SCUPSCINA— SE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Sdottoreggiare  ind.  sdottoreggio  ; 
freq.  of  Sdottorare  (2). 

Sdrai-are  ;  to  lay  out  at  length, 
henceyirf.  to  prostrate  financially,  -arsi, 
to  lie  down  at  full  length,  to  loll.  Aff. 
-ata  sb.  sprawling,  -atina  dim. 


Scupscinayl;  the  Servian  Parliament. 
Scur-amente  ;  v.  -o.    -arsi  ;paf.  for  Oscurarsi. 
•fScurcito  ;=Rozzo,  Hurbero,  rough. 

Scure  (Secure)  /  (L.  securis,  root 
sec,  to  cut) ;  axe.  Darsi  la  —  su'  piedi, 
usu.  la  zappa,  i.e.  to  damage  one's  own 
case. 

Scuretta  / ;  shelf,  half-inch  plank. 
Scur-etto;   i.  dim.  of  -o  (i)  or  (6).     2.=  Ac- 
cettino. 

•Scuriata/;  leather  whip,  or  cut  therewith. 
tScuribandola/:;  =  Sortadi  malore. 
Scuriccio  ;  dim.  Scuro.    t  Fare  — ,  to  terrify. 
Scur-ino  ;  i.  dint.  -o.    2.  us  .(/>.,  dim.  -e. 

Scuriosare;  intens.  Curiosare,  to 
pry. 

Scurios-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  satisfy  the 
curiosity  of. 

Scur-ire  ind.  -isco ;  tr.  or  Mr.,  to 
darken. 

Scuriscio  ;  v.  Scudiscio. 

Scur-o     (aphasresis     of     Oscuro)  ; 

1.  dark,  deep  (colour).     2.  Annate  -e, 
unfortunate    harvests ;    Annate   oscure 
would  mean  "  of  doubtful  yield."     3.  as 
sb.,  darkness.     4.  (faint.}  shaded  part 
of   a  picture.      5.    in   casting   from   a 
mould,  =  Sottosquadra,   q.v.     6.    inside 
shutter  for  a  window. 

Scurrfl-e  (L.,  <scurra,  v.  Scherzo) ; 
waggish.  Aff.  -ita,  -mdnte. 

Scurr6ne  m. ;  ball  of  spices  in  a  skin 
wrapper. 

*  Scursivo ;— Scorsoio. 

t  Scurtare  ;  to  saw  wood  across  the  grain. 
fScurucciato  ;  =  Scorruccito,  angry. 
Scus-a,  -abile,  -abilita,  -abilmente;  v.  -are. 

Scus-are  (L.  excusare,  v.  Cosa, 
Causa) ;  to  excuse.  A  dir  che  si  por- 
tano  bene  e  come  dire  Dio  mio  scusa- 
temi,  to  say  they  are  quite  well  is  to 
say  something  quite  superfluous,  -arsi, 
to  apologise. 

*i.    to  do  without,     ii.  to  avoid,     iii.   to  exempt, 
iv.  to  refuse,     v.  to  neglect.    Aff.  -atorio  adj. 
•Scuscire  ;  =  Scucire,  to  unsew. 
Scus-erella,  -etta ;  dims,  of -a. 

Scusso  (L.,  v.  Scuotere)  ;  plain, 
without  anything  else,  Risposta  scussa 
scussa,  perfectly  plain  answer. 

*  i.  bereft,     ii.  immoderate  (laughter). 
Scuterzola/  (L.  tx,  cauda,  Irefida) ;  a  species 

of  ant,  Ponera  contracta,  also  termed  Ricciaculo. 
*Scutica^  (L.,  ?'.  Scudiscio);  whip. 

*  Scutiscio  ;  v.  Scudiscio. 

*  Scutrettolare  (v.  Cutrettola)  ;  to  wag  the  tail. 
Sdacinare  ind.  sdacino;  =  Spargere  i  chicchi 

del!'  uva. 

Sdamare ;  at  draughts,  to  move  one  of  the  back 
men. 

*Sdare  ;  =  Sbagliare,  to  mistake. 

Sdarsi :    i.    to  lose   inclination  for. 

2.  to  lose  heart. 

Sdazi-are ;  to  pass  through  the 
customs.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Sdebitarsi  ind.  mi  sdebito;  to  dis- 
charge one's  obligations. 

Sdegn-are  ind.  sde'gno;  i.  to  dis- 
dain. 2.  tr.  to  irritate,  -arsi  to  get 
angry.  3.  -arsi,  of  plants,  to  do  badly  ; 
of  the  stomach,  to  reject  food  or  digest 
it  badly  ;  of  animals,  to  refuse  to  work, 
e.g.  of  a  hen  from  whom  some  of  her 
eggs  have  been  taken,  to  refuse  to  sit. 

Aff.  -amento  or  more  iistt.  -o  disdain. 

Sdegn68-0;    i.  scornful.     2.   angry. 


Aff.   -amente,   -etto   dim.,   -ita,   -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

*  Sdelinquit o  ;  =  Sdilinquito,  fainted. 

Sdent-are  ind.  sdento ;  to  break  the 
teeth.  Part,  -ato,  toothless,  -ati  (zool.} 
the  Edentata. 

tSderto  ;  =  Svelto,  nimble. 

*  Sdetta  /. ;  modest  refusal. 

Sdiacciare  ;  to  thaw. 

Sdiacciatdia  /  ;  hot-water  tube  for 
thawing  oil. 

Sdiavolare;  to  make  the  devil's 
own  row. 

Sdic6vole;=Disdicevole,unsuitable. 

Sdigiunarsi ;  to  take  a  light  meal. 

*  Sdilacciare  ;  =  Slacciare,  to  undo. 

Sdilegare  ;  to  make  palatable,  v. 
Allegare  i  denti. 

Sdilinqiu-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  weaken. 
2.  intr.  to  swoon.  3.  to  droop.  Aff. 
-imdnto. 

Sdimenticare  ind.  sdimdntico  ;  /'«- 
tens.  Dimenticare,  to  forget. 

Sdi-mettere,  -mezzare,  -panare ;  iiiti-ns. 
Di-mettere,  etc. 

Sdipingere  ind.  sdipingo  ;  to  take 
out  (painting). 

Sdiragnare  ;  to  take  away  cobwebs. 
Sdire;  =  Disdire,  to  retract. 

Sdirenarsi ;  to  break  one's  back,  v. 
Rene. 

Sdiricciare  ;  to  husk  (chestnuts). 

tSdiridito  ;=Estenuato. 

Sdivezzare ;  intens.  Divezzare,  to 
disaccustom. 

Sdoddare  ;=  Fare  il  dodda,  to  pose, 
give  oneself  airs. 

Sdoganare  ind.  sdogano;  to  clear, 
at  the  customs. 

Sdogare  ind.  sdogo ;  to  take  a  stave 
out  of  a  cask. 

*  Sdogliarsi ;  to  become  free  from  pain. 

*  Sdolciato  ;  —  Sdolcinato. 

Sdolcin£t-o ;  i.  too  sweet.  2.  Jig. 
honeyed  (words).  3.  as  sb.,  mealy- 
mouthed  person.  Aff.  -dzza,  -ura. 

Sdolenz-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  lose  numb- 
ness. 

Sdondol-are  ;  intens.  Dondolare,  to 
swing.  Aff.  -6ni  adv. 

*  Sdonnare  ;  to  set  free. 

*  Sdonneare ;  to  free  from  a  love  entanglement. 
'Sdonnino;  of  a  horse's  colour,  between  Sauro 

and  Morello. 

*Sdonzellare;  =  Spassarsela,  to  idle  about. 

Sdoppi-are  ind.  sdoppio  ;  to  make 
single.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Sdorare  ind.  sdoro  ;  to  take  off  the 
gilt. 

Sdormentare;=Destare,  to  wake. 

Sdossare  ind.  sdosso ;  to  take 
(clothes)  off. 

Sclotto  ;  of  plants,  =  Mai  ridotto, 
sickly.  *thin. 

Sdottor-are  ind.  sdott6ro ;  i.  to 
deprive  of  doctor's  title.  2.  to  give 
oneself  doctorial  airs.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


Etym.  Either  <  Gothic  straitjan  (or  O.H.G. 
stmvan),  akin  to  E.  strew,  or,  less  probably,  from 
some  bit.  form  such  as  **disradiare  or**stratiarf. 
For  straujan  v.  Skeat,  sub  Strew. 

Sdrai-0  m.\  \.  lying  at  full  length. 
2.  fig.  slaughter,  /;'/.  laying  out  by 
killing.  3.  as  adv.,  in  a  sprawling 
position.  4.  as  adj.,  Collina  -a,  hill 
with  an  easy  slope ;  Poltrona  -a,  easy- 
chair. 

Sdraion-e,  -i  adv. ;  lying  at  full 
length. 

Sdramba /  ;  bundle  of  tow,  etc.,  for 
wiping  off  the  grease  from  hides. 

tSdrenttayT;  loss  of  money,  esp.  at  play. 
tSdrenito;  =  Gracile,  Rifinito. 

t Sdricire;  =  Sdrucire,  to  undo. 

Sdrucciol-are  ind.  sdrucciolo ;  to 
slip,  slide.  Aff.  -ativo,  -ente  or  -eVole 
slippery,  -iofreq.  sb. 

Etym.  dub.  "Ascoli  assigned  for  its  origin  a 
bit.  **disroteotare,  <  L.  dis-,  rotulus ;  Diez's  deriva- 
tion is  O.H.G.  ** strYthhal,  but  st  does  not  give  sd. 
In  all  probability  the  word  goes  back  to  an  imit. 
base  rutsch,  cp.  Germ,  mtsclun,  to  slide,  Sdruccio- 
lare  representing  a  form  ** ex-rncciolnre^ ;  possibly  it 
goes  back  ultimately  to  rutum,  <  rvere"  (KSrting). 

Sdriicciol-o  ;«. ;  i.  word  accented 
on  the  antepenultimate,  Verso  — ,  verse 
ending  with  such  a  word.  2.  steep 
slope.  3.  slide  made  upon  the  snow 
or  ice.  4.  A  — ,  as  adv.,  hanging  ; 
Scala  a  — ,  slope  without  steps.  Aff. 
-6so. 

Sdrucciol-6ne ;  i.  in.  a  slip,  slide. 
2.  —  or  -6ni,  as  adv.,  slipping. 

Sdrucio  m. ;  slit,  rip  ;  —  del  porco, 
merry-making  on  the  killing  and  ripping 
up  of  a  pig. 

Sdrucire  (Sdruscire)  ind.  sdruci-o 
or  -isco,  sdruci  or  sdrucisci,  sdruce 
more  usu.  than  sdrucisce,...sdriicono 
or  sdruciono  (L.  resuere,  to  unsew,  with 
pleonastic  prefixes  s-  and  de-,  giving 
** s-de-restiere,  >  sdruscire  ;  for  suere, 
v.  Cucire)  ;  to  rip,  rip  up.  Occhi 
sdruciti,  fig.  eyes  bloodshot  and  sore, 
or  scherz.  for  beautiful  and  lustrous. 

Sdruc-ito  m.  or  -itura  /  ;  i.q. 
Sdrucio. 

tSdru-colare,  -licare;  =  Sdruccio!are,  to  slip. 
tSdruscia./. ;  strap  for  sharpening  a  razor. 
t  Sdrusciare  ;  =  Strusciare. 

*  Sdruscire  ;  v.  Sdrucire. 
tSdrusolinay:;=Frugolina,  v.  Frugolo. 
tSdubbiato;  discouraged. 

*  Sducare  ;  to  deprive  of  ducal  rank. 
•Sducere,  Sdurre  ;  i.  =  Deviare.     ii.  =Dividere. 

Sdurare,  Sdurire  ;  to  soften. 

Se"  (A)  (L.  sic,  v.  Si);  i.  if.  2.  - 
bene,  or  Sebbene,  though.  3.  —  non 
che  or  Sennonche,  unless.  4.  —  Dio 
vi  aiuti,  for  goodness'  sake,  lit.  so  may 
God  help  you ;  cp.  the  L.  Sic  te  Deus 
adjuvet ;  the  word  often  has  this  force 
of  adjuration  in  Dante  ;  E  se  tu  mai 
nel  dolce  mondo  regge,  and  so  mayst 


SE— SECRETARE 


553 


thou   return  to   the  happy   world !    D. 
Inf.  10.  82. 

(B)  (L.  se,  accus.  of  sui,  cogn.  Gr.  e, 
tor,  Sanskr.  sva,  his  own,  O.  H.G.  sih, 
>  Germ,  sick} ;  oneself.  When  not  an 
enclitic  it  is  marked  with  an  accent, 
except  in  the  phrases,  Se  stesso,  Se 
medesimo ;  until  recently  the  accent 
was  grave,  Se,  but  it  is  now  often  made 
acute.  L'  Italia  fara  da  s^,  Italy  shall 
act  for  itself.  Rientrare  in  se,  to  re- 
cover one's  mental  balance.  Tornare 
in  se',  to  recover  from  a  faint.  Nel  suo 
se\  in  his  inmost  self. 

Se- ;  particle  of  separation,  <  L.  se-,  without, 
considered  by  Walde  to  be  radically  the  same  as  se, 
self,  regarded  as  a  thing  apart  from  others. 

Sebaceo  (L.,  <  sebum,  grease,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Soap) ;  (anat.)  sebaceous. 

Sebbene ;  though,  v.  Se  (A,  2). 

Secante./;  (waM.)asE. 

Sec-are  ind.  sdco,  se"chi  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Secant) ;  to  cut.  Aff.  -dbile. 

S6cca_/. ;  i.  {mar.)  sandbank,  shoal, 
hence  2.  Jig.  Rimanere  sulle  secche,  or 
sulle  secche  di  Barberia,  to  find  oneself 
in  difficulties.  3.  La  gran  — ,  i.e.  the  dry 
land,  as  a  whole.  4.  drought,  $.  (sc/ierz.) 
La  — ,  Death. 

Seccabile ;  easily  dried. 
Secc-accio;  pegg.  of  -o. 

Seccaggin-e  / ;  i.  dryness.  2.  fig. 
trouble,  annoyance.  Aff.  -oso. 

Seccagi6ne  / ;  withering  from 
drought. 

Seccaia/ ;  \.i.q. Seccagione.  2.  dead 
branches. 

Seccaiol-a/  ;  dead  bough.  Aff.  -o, 
dead. 

Seccaidne  m. ;  i.  bough  dead  and 
turned  brown.  2.  the  heel  of  a  Maglio- 
lo,  layer. 

Seccame'nte ;  adv.  of  Secco. 

Secc-amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -are. 

Seccante;  tiresome. 

Seccare  ind.  sdcco;  i.  to  dry  up. 
2.  to  bore,  vex. 

Seccare'ccia  / ;  drought. 

Seccarello  m. ;  scrap  of  dry  bread. 

Seccata/  ;  i.  drying.     2.  bore. 

Seccatasche  m. ;  great  bore. 

Seccaticcia/ ;  dry  wood. 

Seccaticcio ;  i.  half  dried  up. 
2.  very  thin. 

Seccatina  /  ;  dim.  of  Seccata. 

Seccativo;  siccative. 

Seccat6io  m. ;  drying-place. 

Secc-atdre  /«.,  -atrice  /  ;  v.  -are. 

Seccatura  /  ;  i.  drying,  esp.  of 
chestnuts.  2.  annoyance. 

t  Secce  J. ;  =  Seppia,  cuttle-fish. 
Secchercccia  f. ;  =  Seccareccia. 
Secchereccio ;  dried  up. 

Seccherell-o,  -uccio ;  dim.,  silt-dim.,  of 
Secco,  thin. 

•Seccher-ia/;  meanness.  •  -iccio  m.  ;  =  Sec- 
caione. 

Secche'zza/  ;  i.  dryness.  2.  in  art, 
stiffness. 

H. 


SdccM-a  /  (L.  situla,  pail);  pail. 
La  —  rapita,  a  poem  by  Tassoni.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg.,  -ata  bucketful. 

Secchi-ello  in. ;  dim.  -o. 

Secchi-erella,  -e'tta/ ;  dims,  of  -a. 

Secchime  tn. ;  dead  branches. 

Secchi-na/ ;  dim.  -a. 

Secchino;  i.  dim.  Secco.  2.  as  sb., 
dim.  Secchio. 

Secchio  m.  (var.  of  Secchia) ;  milk- 
pail. 

Secchi-olina,  -olino,  dims.,  -6ne, 
-6na,  augms.,  of  -a,  -o. 

Secchi-uccia/  ;  dim.  pegg.  -a. 

Se'ccia/  ;  stubble  or  stubble-field. 

Etym.     L.  secare,  to  cut,  either  through  a  form 
**  secett,  or  the  latter  half  of  \i.  feni-sicia,  mown  hay. 
*Secciaiow. ;  stubble-field. 

Se'cc-o;  i.  dry.  2.  thin,  more  so 
than  Magro.  3.  at  cards,  single ;  Avevo 
1"  asso  di  fiori  — ,  I  had  the  ace  of  clubs 
single.  4.  in  art,  stiff",  formal.  5.  La 
-a  fam.  or  scherz.  for  Death  (as  skele- 
ton). 

Phrases  with  a  :  6.  Accidente, 
Granchio  a  — ,  sudden  fit  or  cramp. 
7.  Murare  a  — ,  (a)  lit.,  to  build  a  dry 
wall,  without  mortar,  (b)  fig.  to  eat 
without  drinking.  8.  Quand'  ero  per 
desinare,  m'  arrivarono  a  —  quattro 
amici,  just  as  I  sat  down  to  dinner  four 
friends  suddenly  turned  up.  Siamo 
stati  presi  a  — ,  we  were  taken  by  sur- 
prise. 9.  Scantonare  a  — ,  to  turn  the 
corner  closely.  10.  Svoltata  a  —  della 
strada,  a  sharp  turn  in  the  road. 
1 1.  Voltata  a  — ,  fig.  volte-face,  com- 
plete change  of  front. 

Other  phrases:  12.  Cambio  — ,  bill 
bearing  no  endorsements.  13.  Carne 
-a,  (a)  lit.  dried  meat,  (6)  fig.  Beata 
quella  casa  dov'  e  carne  -a,  i.e.  where 
there  are  some  old  people.  14.  Colpo 
— ,  sharp  blow.  15.  Dare  or  Rima- 
nere in  — ,  to  run  aground,  lit.  or  fig. 
1 6.  Rimanere  a  denti  -hi,  not  to  get 
what  one  asked.  17.  Di  --  in  — , 
without  any  warning.  18.  Fico — ,  fig. 
(a)  shrivelled  up  person,  (b)  a  bad  cor- 
rection, (f)  as  exclamation,  instead  of 
giving  an  answer,  (d)  in  pi.,  Fichi 
-hi,  withered  breasts  of  the  aged. 
19.  (Letterd)  -a,  containing  no  compli- 
ments. 20.  Pan  — ,  (a)  bread  with 
nothing  else,  (b)  stale  bread.  21.  Pozzi 
-hi,  fig.  people  or  institutions  which 
make  too  many  demands.  22.  Pulce 
-a,  a  pinch.  23.  Ritoccare  a  — ,  to 
touch  up  a  fresco  after  the  plaster  has 
dried.  24.  Safer  di  — ,  of  wine,  to 
have  a  taste  of  the  cask.  25.  Siepe  — , 
hedge  of  dead  wood.  26.  Stufa  -a, 
hot-air  warming  apparatus.  27.  Terno 
— ,  triplet  at  the  lotteries,  stake  made 
to  win  only  if  all  three  numbers  come 
out,  TJ.  Ambo,  Estratto  (3).  28.  Testa  -a, 
determined  man.  29.  Avere  il  tiro  — , 
(a)  to  speak  with  difficulty,  (6)  of  a 
horse,  to  have  the  staggers.  30.  prov. 
Un  sacco  di  disegni  verdi  non  tornano 
una  libbra  -hi,  i.e.  a  sack  of  inten- 


tions  is   not   worth   a    pound   of   per- 
formances. 

As  sb.  31.  dry  weather.  32.  in  //., 
=  Danari,  money. 

Etym.     L.  siccus,  root  sik,  dry,  cf>.  Gaelic  seac, 
Welsh  sigh,    Breton   seac,   middle    Irish  seise,  dry, 
sterile,  old  church  Slavonic  isek-ati,  to  get  dry,  Gr. 
itrxcds,  iaxoAe'os,  dry,  itrxas,  dried  fig. 
•Seccomoro  m. ;  =  Sicomoro,  sycamore. 

Seccdre  m. ;  drought. 
Secc-uccio ;  dim.  -o,  thin. 

Seccume  m. ;  i.  dryness.  2.  dry 
things,  esp.  hay.  3.  in  pi.,  dried  fruits. 

Secent-esimo,  six  hundredth,  -ismo 
m.,  seventeenth  century  affectation, 
-ista  in.,  seventeenth  century  writer, 
-istico  adj. 

Secento,  Seicento  ;  six  hundred. 
II  — ,  the  seventeenth  century,  esp. 
referring  to  its  mannerisms. 

Sec^spitay!  (L.);  ancient  sacrificial  knife. 
Secessi6n-e  f.,  -ista  w  ;  as  E. 
Secesso   m.  •    (med.)   action    of  the    bowels. 
*  lonely  place. 

Se'co  (L.,  secum);  with  him,  her, 
them.  —  medesimo,  by  himself.  Often 
with  a  pleonastic  con,  Con  — ,  i.q. 
Seco,  with  him.  Seco  lui,  or  Seco 
loro,  an  expression  sometimes  used 
instead  of  the  more  correct  Con  esso 
seco,  Con  essi  loro,  with  him,  or 
them. 

Secol-accio/3f£-. ,  -are  as  E.,  -arescamente 
adv.,  -aresco  worldly,  -arizzare  as  E.,  -arizza- 
zi6ne  vbsb.,  -armente  adv.,  -etto  dim.  sfreg., 
century  of  mean  little  people ;  v.  -o. 

Secolo  ;«.  (L.  saeculum,  prob.  <  root 
set,  sowing,  cp.  Gothic  mana-sedhis,  lit. 
men's  seed,  i.e.,  the  world) ;  i.  century, 
age.  2.  the  world  as  opposed  to  the 
Church  ;  II  padre  Cristoforo  che  al  - 
si  chiamava  Lodovico,  i.e.  whose  name 
in  civil  life  had  been  Lodovico.  3.  Im- 
mortale  — ,  the  future  life. 

Secdnda  / ;  i.  (anat.)  afterbirth. 
2.  (mus.)  second,  interval  between  two 
adjacent  notes.  3.  —  or  —  stretta,  a 
position  in  fencing.  4.  Andare  a  —  di, 
to  follow  the  wishes  of;  Lasciar  correre 
1'  acqua  a  — ,  to  take  life  as  it  comes; 
Le  cose  mi  vanno  a  — ,  things  are  going 
as  I  wished;  A  —  di,  =  Secondo,  Con- 
forme  a,  in  accord  with. 

Secondamente ;  secondly. 

Secondamento  in.;  expulsion  of  the  placenta. 

Secondare  ind.  secondo ;  i.  to  follow, 
esp.  to  go  with  the  stream.  2.  to  second, 
support. 

Secondari-amente,  -o;  as  E. 
*  Secondinay>,  =  Seconda,  afterbirth. 

Secondino  m. ;  under-gaoler. 

Secdndo  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Second); 

1.  as  adj.,  second  ;  Minuto — ,  or  —  as 
sb.,  second  of  time;    (gram.)  —  caso, 
genitive  case ;   —  fine,  ulterior  object. 

2.  as  prep.,  according  to.     3.  as  adv.,  in 
the  second  place.     *after. 

Secondogenit-o ;  second  (son),  -ura 
f. ;  his  legal  rights. 

Secretano  ;  =  Intrinseco,  confiden- 
tial. 

tSecretare;    (ttatm.)  —  it   cappello,  =  Pulirlo 
avanti  di  spianarlo. 

70 


554 


SECRETO— SEGNATURA 


Secr-eto  ;  =  Segreto.     -et6rio,  -ezione;  as  E, 
Secura  /  ;  safety  bolt  of  a  sporting 
gun. 

*  Secure  /;  =  Scure,  axe. 
Secur-o,  -ta;  =  Sicur-. 

Secutus ;  L.  word,  in  the  phrase  Fare  il  —  a 
uno,  i.e.  to  be  his  toady,  to  court  his  favour. 

*  Secuzione ./ ;  =  Esecuzione. 

Sedanino  m. ;  (<W.)  —  d'  acqua,  water  parsnip, 
v.  Erba  (24,  a). 

Sedano  m.  (L.  selitiwm,  <  Gr.  ffefovov,  parsley, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Celery,  parsley  and  celery  being  plants 
of  the  same  genus);  (hot.)  I.  —  coltivato,  celery, 
Apiwn  graveolens.  2.  —  d'  acqua,  narrow-leaved 
water  parsnip,  Stum  angustifolium.  3.  —  porcino, 
hog-fennel,  r'.  Finocchio(i,  f).  4.  — de  prati,  hog- 
weed,  v.  Panace  (2).  5.  —  di  montagna,  lovage,  v. 
Liguslico.  6.  —  salvatico,  bulbous  crowfoot,  Ranun- 
CJltus  bulbosits. 

Sed-are  ind.  sMo;  to  allay.  Aff. 
-ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Sede  /  (L.,  root  sed,  cp.  Gr.  «8o?, 
Sanskr.  sad,  A.S.  sittan,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sit);  r.  seat.  2.  --  Santa,  the  Holy 
See.  3.  —  sociale,  office  of  a  company. 
4.  (leg.)  class,  position,  of  the  successive 
contingent  legatees  of  a  will. 

Sedentario  ;  as  E. 

Sedere  ind.  siedo  seggio  or  seggo 
siedi  siede  sediamo  seggidmo  or  seg- 
ghidmo  seddte  siedono  or  seggono, perf. 
sed-eM  or  -etti  -esti...-erono  or  -ettero, 
flit.  seder6,  subj.  sieda  or  segga,  imperat. 
siedi,  pres.  part,  (poet.)  seggendo,  part. 
seduto  (L.,  -v.  Sede);  i.  to  sit.  2.  Met- 
tere  a  — ,fig.  to  discharge  (an  official). 
3.  to  be  situated.  4.  of  the  Pope,  to 
reign.  5.  as  sb.,  seat  (of  the  bodily 
frame,  or  of  a  chair,  etc.). 

*  II  sangue  in  sul  qual  io  sedea,  the  blood  wherein 
my  life  was  set,  D.  Purg.  5.  74,  the  ancient  belief 
having  been  that  the  blood  was  the  seat  of  the  soul. 

Seder  ino  m. ;    i.   seat  of  a  chair. 

2.  flap  in  a  two-seated  carriage  which 
can    be   fixed   to   make    a    third    seat. 

3.  seat  for  the  groom. 

Sedia  f. ;  i.  chair,  v.  Seggiola  (i). 
2.  =  Sede  (2).  3.  —  da  posta,  posting- 
chaise. 

Sediario  m. ;  i.  carrier  of  a  sedan- 
chair,  esp.  the  Pope's.  2.  one  who  lets 
out  chairs. 

Sedicenne ;  sixteen  years  old. 

Sedicente;  the  Fr.  soi-disant,  self- 
styled. 

Sedicesimo  ;  sixteenth.  I  n  — ,  sexto- 
decimo (book).  Nobili  in  — ,  petty 
nobles. 

Se'dici  (L.  sedecim);  sixteen. 

Sediclna  / ;  set  of  sixteen. 

Sedicfno  m. ;  (hist.)  i.  a  small 
Bolognese  coin.  2.  in  pi.,  the  officials 
of  the  Tuscan  Grand  Dukes  (who  re- 
ceived their  salaries  on  the  i6th  of 
each  month). 

Sedfle  m. ;  i.  garden-seat.  2.  seat 
of  a  carriage.  3.  bed  for  a  cask. 

4.  (arch.)=  Impostatura,  seating. 

Sediment-o  m.  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -oso. 

*  Sedino  m.  ;=Predellina. 

Sedi61-a/  ;  dim.  Sedia,  chair.  Aff. 
-ina  dim. 

Sediblo  m. ;  one-seated  gig  for  trot- 
ting races,  tilbury. 


Sedion-e  m.,  -*/.',  aug-m.  Sedia,  chair. 

Sedizi-6ne,  -osamente,  -6so;  as  E.  (!..,< 
te-t  apart,  ire,  to  go.) 

Sedotto  ;  part.  Sedurre. 

Sedu-cente,  -cibile;  v.  Sedurre. 

Sedul-o  (L.  sedulus,  diligent,  cp.  sedulo  adv., 
busily,  <  se-,  apart,  dolus,  guile,  root  dtl,  to  devise, 
cp.  Gr.  86*0?) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ita. 

Sedurre  ind.  seduco  seduci,  perf. 
sedussi  seducesti,  fut.  sedurro,  parts. 
seducente  sedotto  (L.,  <  se-,  apart,  du- 
cere,  v.  Duca) ;  to  seduce. 

Seduta  /  ;  sitting,  v.  Sedere. 

Sedu-tt6re  ;«.;  seducer.  Aff.  -ttrice, 
-zi6ne. 

Se~ga/  (It.  segare);  i.  saw.  2.  II 
grano  e  sulla  — ,  the  corn  is  ready  to 
cut  3.  pop.  for  Masturbazione.  4.  Pesce 
— ,  or  -  -  marina,  saw-fish,  Squalus 
pristis.  5.  (herald.)  any  bar,  band,  etc. 
serrated  on  its  under-side  only.  *poll- 
tax. 

Segabile;  v.  Segare. 

Segaccino  m.;  i.  =Saracco,  g.v.  2.  a  kind  of 
saw  used  in  shoeing  cattle. 

Segaidlo  w. ;  v.  Sega  (3). 
*Segaiuolo  m.\  seller  of  suet  or  tallow. 

Se"gale  m.  or  /,  or  Se'gala  /  (L. 
secdle,  some  kind  of  grain,  prob.  a 
foreign  word  in  Latin,  not  <  secare,  to 
cut,  which  would  have  given  secale) ; 
(tot.)  rye,  Secale  cereale.  -  cornuta, 
spurred  rye,  infected  with  ergot. 

tas  masculine,  Un  — ,  tall,  thin  man. 

Segaligno;  i.  like  rye.  2.  fig.  wiry 
(person). 

Segal(n-0;  of  rye.  Paglia  -a,  rye 
straw. 

Segalone  w.;=Mergo,  diver  (bird). 
Segamento  MI.  ;  shearing  force.     *i.   intersec- 
tion,    ii.   sawing. 

Segantin-o  m. ;  i .  sawyer ;  Come  i 
-i,  tu  a  me,  ed  io  a  te,  of  mutual  help, 
usu.  in  bad  sense.  2.  =  Segaiolo. 

Segapeno  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  o-ayamffoc) :  (fkarm.) 
sagapenum,  a  fetid  gum  resin  formerly  given  in 
hysteria. 

Seg-are  ind.  se'go  -hi  (L.  secare,  to 
cut,  ?'.  Skeat,  sub  Saw);  i.  to  saw. 
2.  to  mow.  3.  (geom.)  Linea  -ante, 
cutting  line,  intersecting  line.  4.  part. 
-ato,  as  sb.,  chopped  hay  or  straw. 

•  Segastoppia  / ;  peasant. 

Segata  /  ;  chaff,  v.  Segare  (4). 


lei 


iegaticcio  ;  ready  for  sawing  or  cutting, 
•eg-atinayl;  dim.  -ata.     -atdre  m.\  tthsb.  of 
•d  re. 

Segatura/;  i.  sawing  or  mowing 
or  the  season  therefor.  2.  incision  by 
a  saw.  3.  sawn  surface.  4.  saw-dust. 

*  Segello  m. ;~  Sigillo,  seal. 
*Segena  ;  v.  Sagena. 
•Segeta/  (L);=Biada,  grain. 

Segge'tt-a  / ;  i.  seat  of  a  privy. 
2.  close-stool.  *dim.  Sedia,  chair.  Aff. 
-ina  dim.,  *-iere,  =  Portantino,  chair- 
bearer. 

Seggio  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  siege,  <  bit. 
**sedicum,  <  L.  sedere,  v.  Sede) ;  i.  seat 
of  some  person  or  board  in  authority. 
2.  committee  of  management.  3.  - 
elettorale,  body  managing  the  scrutiny 
of  voting  papers. 

Seggiol-a  /;  i.  common  chair,  a 
chair  of  better  pattern  being  termed 


Sedia.  2.  (arch.)  =  Grondaiola,  roof- 
gutter.  3.  seating  for  a  stone  slab,  e.g. 
over  a  grave. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  chair-maker 
or  mender,  -ame  spreg.  lot  of  chairs, 
-e^ta,  -ina  dims.,  -ino  child's  chair,  -o  = 
Sederino,  -ona  or  -one  augnt.,  -one  a 
libro  folding-chair,  +-6tto  =  Predellino, 
-uccia  dim.  pegg. 

SeggO  ;  pres.  ind.  of  Sedere. 

Segheria/;  saw-mill. 

Segh^tta  / ;  i .  dim.  Sega,  saw. 
2.  toothed  bit  for  a  restive  horse.  *an 
old  mode  of  doing  the  hair. 

Seghettato ;  (bot.)  serrate. 
Seghett-lna/;  dim.  of -a. 
Segmento  m. ;  as  E. 

Segna-carte  or  -libro  m.  indecl. ; 
book-marker. 

Segnacaso  m.  indecl. ;  preposition 
as  case-sign. 

*Segnacchio  w.;  =  Insegna. 
Segn-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of -o. 

Segnacolo  m.  ;  mark,  sign. 
*Segnalanza/;  excellence. 

Segnal-are  ind.  segndlo ;  to  signalise. 
Aff.  -atamdnte,  markedly. 

Segnal-e  m.\  i.  signal.  2.  sign, 
omen.  3.  slip  fastened  to  a  page  of  a 
big  book  to  aid  in  turning  it.  Aff.-&\.Q 
dim. 

Segnalibro  m. ;  v.  Segnacarte. 

Segnapericoli  m.  indecl.;  (mar.)  =  Meda, 
beacon. 

*  Segnarare ;  (mar.)  to  detain,  as  by  contrary 
winds,  or  in  ice. 

Segn-are  ind.  sdgno  (A)  (It.  segno); 
to  mark,  esp.  to  mark  with  the  sign  of 
the  cross,  -arsi,  to  cross  oneself,  -ato 
da  Dio,  or  simply  -ato,  deformed  or 
squint-eyed,  etc.  Pecora  -ata,  marked 
sheep,  i.e.  person  kept  under  police 
observation. 

*i.  to  point  out.     ii.   to  sign.     iii.   to  aim  (mark 
in  one's  mind). 

*(B)(Fr.  saigtier);  to  bleed. 

Segnas6me  m.;  man  who  records  the  loads  of 
ore  brought  into  an  ironworks,  checker. 
Segnatamente ;  especially. 
Segnatario  ;«.;  =  Sottoscrittore,  signatory. 

Segnatasse  m. ;  post-office  mark  on 
an  unstamped  letter,  shewing  what  has 
to  be  paid. 

Segnatdio  in. ;  marker  (tool). 
Segnatore  in. ;  vbsb.  of  Segnare. 

Segnatura/;  i.  marking,  stamp. 
2.  (print.)  signature,  the  number  or 
letter  placed  at  the  foot  of  the  first 
page  of  each  sheet.  3.  (eccl.)  document 
containing  the  concession  of  a  grace 
and  bearing  either  the  word  Fiat  in 
the  Pope's  own  writing  or  Concession 
written  in  his  presence.  4.  — di  grazia 
e  giustizia,  the  supreme  ecclesiastical 
court  at  Rome,  consisting  of  seven 
bishops  under  the  presidency  of  a  car- 
dinal ;  Referenddrio  nell'  una  e  nell'  al- 
tra  — ,  an  official  in  the  Papal  court 
whose  duty  was  to  report  to  the  Pope 
on  the  cases  coming  before  him. 

*  i.  =  Sottoscrizione,  signature,     ii.    marking  of  a 
plant   with   the   resemblance   of  some  other   body ; 


Favoloso  eanche  tuttocioche  dell'astrale...e  magica 
virtu i  della  —  dell'  erbe  hanno  sognato  alcuni  autori 
I  that  likewise  is  fabulous  which  certain  writers 
have  dreamed  of  in  regard  to  the  astral. ..and  magical 
powers  attributable  to  the  markings  of  plants-  Per 
aver  le  spine  del  cappero  la  —  de'  denti  della  vipera 
er  questa  ragione  il  cappero  sia  per  esser  sommo  e 
possente  medicamento  da  guarire  i  morsi  viperini 
caper  thorns  being  marked  like  vipers'  teeth  the 
caper  is  on  this  account  to  be  useful  in  cases  of 
viper-bite,  iii.  v.  Segnare  (B). 

Segnavinto  m.;  (mar.)  dog-vane,  a  ribbon  of 
bunting  shewing  the  direction  of  the  wind 

Segnett-ino,  -o  ;  svk-dim.,  dim.,  of  Segno. 

Se"gno  m.  ( L.  signum,  for  ** sec-no-  >n, 
root  sec,  to  show,  akin  to  inquam,  for 
**t/isquam,  and  old  L.  insece,  say  on, 
Gr.  fvveire,  for  **fv-o-fir-e,  V.  Skeat,  sub 
Say,  and  Walde,  sub  Inquam') ;  i.  mark. 
2.  sign.  3.  Tirare  a  — ,  to  shoot  at  a 
mark;  Cogliere  nel  — ,  to  hit  the  bull's 
eye.  4.  point;  Siam  ridotti  a  —  che 
non  siamo  piu  padroni  di  parlare,  we 
are  fallen  so  low  that  we  are  no  longer 
even  at  liberty  to  speak;  Fino  a  un 
certo  —  ci  posso  credere,  to  a  certain 
extent  I  can  believe  it.  5.  Stare  a  — , 
to  render  obedience;  Tenere,  or  Far 
stare  uno  a  — ,  to  bring  him  to  book, 

dominate  him.     6.  Avere  la  testa  a , 

to  have  a  well-balanced  mind.  7.  Per 
filo  e  per  — ,  with  perfect  accuracy,  per- 
fectly straight.  8.  signal;  Fuori  il  — 
se  lo  sai,  give  the  countersign  if  you 
know  it.  9.  (mar.)  quarter,  direction 
of  the  wind;  Stando  il  vento  al  —  di 
scilocco,  the  wind  being  south-east. 

•i.  =  Insegne  reali.     ii.   sculpture;  O  Ilion  come 

t  r?^-  Vlle  Mostrava  'I  —  (the  sculptured  signs) 
che  Ii  si  discerne,  D.  Purg.  u.  63. 

Segnolino  m. ;  dim.  Segno. 

Se"go  (A)  m.  (L.  sebum,  akin  to  a 
Germanic  **sapon,  from  which  L.  sapo, 
hair-grease,  was  borrowed,  cp.  O.H.G. 
seipfa,  >  Germ.  Seifr,  A.S.   sape,  >  E 
soap);   suet,  or  tallow. 

*(B)=Seco,  by  himself. 
*Segoia/:;=Segale,  rye. 
tSegoletta/;  =  Funicella,  cord. 

Se'golo  »z. ;  pruning-hook. 

Etym.  L.  secnln,  a  word  given  by  Varro  as  in 
use  in  Campania.  It  offers  an  instance  of  early 
borrowmg  by  the  peoples  of  north  Europe  from 
Latin  cp.  O.H.G.  sMila  (>  Germ.  SicM),  A.S. 
sicol  (>  t.  sickle),  v.  Skeat,  suk  Sickle 

Segon-cello  or  -cino  »«.;  dim.  -e. 


large  saw.     2.   large 


Segone  m. ;   i . 
pruning-knife. 

Seg6so ;  fatty,  v.  Sego. 

Seg6via/;  (geogr.)  a  place  in  Spain. 
Candele  di  —,scherz.  for  tallow-candles. 

Segreg-amento,  -are,  -azi6ne  (L.  te-.  apart 
gr. e.r,  flock) ;  as  E. 

*  Segrenna/  (etj/m.  unltn.);  thin,  weak  creature. 

Segr^ta/;  i.  dungeon.  2.  (eccl.) 
silent  prayer  by  the  priest  at  mass. 

*  steel-cap  worn  under  the  helmet. 
Segretamente ;  secretly. 

•Segretano;  i.  m.  -  Segretario.  ii.  adj.  con- 
fidential. 

Segretari-o  nt.  (mlt.  secretariats, 
confidential  agent,  cp.  L.  secretarium, 
secret  meeting-place,  council-chamber) ; 
i.  secretary;  II  —  fiorentino,  Machia- 
velli.  2.  a  kind  of  desk,  as  in  E. 

•i.  good  keeper  of  secrets,     ii.  as  adj.,  intimate. 

Aff-  -a/.,  -ato  as  E.,  -fico  adj. 

Segretart-dne  m.  (augm.  iron,  of  -o)  •  — 
della  natura,  one  acquainted  with  all  the  details  of 
life. 

Segretari-  uccio  m. ;  dim.  ipreg.  -o. 


SEGNAVENTO— SEMATA 

Segreterfa   f.\     \.     secretaryship. 
2.  secretary's  room.    3.  secretary  (desk). 
Segrete'zza  f. ;  secrecy. 

Segret-lno  m. ;  dim.  -o  (5).  *=Zuc- 
cotto. 

Segre"t-o  (L.  secretus,  part,  of  secer- 
nere,<se-,  apart,  cernere,  to  separate, 
v.  Concernere)  adj.  or  sfi. ;  i.  secret. 
2.  secrecy.  3.  the  pinch  of  potash 
added  to  the  water  in  which  chick-peas 
are  boiled,  to  soften  them.  4.  secret 
drawer  in  a  desk.  5.  little  bolt  fixing 
the  catch  of  a  door,  which  could  other- 
wise be  opened  by  a  latch-key.  6.  touch- 
hole  of  a  cannon. 

closed  °0nfidant'     "•  Or=  -e'  times  when  a  church  is 
AJT.  -uccio  dim.,  -urae  spreg.,  silly  secret. 

Seguace  m. ;  follower.    Also  as  adj. 

Seguen-teme'nte ;  in  sequence,    -za 
f. ;  sequence. 

Seguestro  ;  pop.  for  Sequestra. 
Segugiow.;  sleuth-hound. 


ftym.  Coga.  Milanese  dial,  saus,  savus, 
Picdm.  MM,  Proven,;,  sahus,  old  Fr.  sans,  sens 
Span,  salmeso,  sakejo,  Portug.  tabtijo,  <  bit.  signs!,,* 
with  variants  ugutius,  (canem)  semem,  msi*t 
which  are  probably  of  geographical  origin,  viz.  either 
from  Susa,  in  old  Fr.  Sense,  in  Piedmont,  or  from 
the  Segusuor  Segiaiavi,  a  people  of  Gallia  Lug- 
t/tmenat.  There  is  no  external  evidence  to  connect 
the  word  with  Segnire  or  L.  seguar. 

Seguime'nto  m.  •  •vbsb.  of  Seguire. 

Segnire  ind.  seguo,ferf.  seguii,  part. 
segufto,  which  is  also  used  as  sb.  but 
with  the  accent  on  the  first  syllable 
(L.  sequor,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sequence) ;  to 
follow.  II  simile  segue  di  me,  that  is 
also  the  case  with  me.  Seguisse  quel 
che  seguisse,  be  the  consequences  what 
they  may. 

Seguitame'nte ;  consecutively. 

Seguit-are  ind.  seguito;  i.  to  follow 
up.  2.  to  continue. 

*  i.  =  Second»re,   to  support,     ii.    to    subjoin,   D. 
Par.  6  30.     Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

Se'guito  m.;  i.  consequence.  2.  se- 
quence ;  —  di  onde,  (mar.)  rollers. 
3.  sequel.  4.  train,  following.  5.  sup- 
porters, adherents.  6.  Can  da  — , 
hound,  as  distinct  from  pointer  or  re- 
triever. 7.  Di  — ,  successively.  8.  In 
— ,  (a)  for  the  future,  (b)  following  upon, 
in  consequence  of. 

tSeguray:;=Scure,  axe. 
tSeguro;  =  Sicuro. 

Sei  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Six) ;  six.  Tiro 
a  — ,  team  of  six. 

Seicento;  =  Secento,  six  hundred. 

Seide;  i.  a  character  in  Voltaire's 
"  Mahomet,"  hence  2.  a  fanatical  sec- 
tary. 

Seilan  m. ;  (geogr.)  Ceylon. 
Seimfla;  =  Semila,  six  thousand. 

*Seino  ;«. ;=Sena,  double  sixes. 

*  Seiugo  m. ;  team  of  six  horses. 

Seiachio  in. ;  —  gigante,  basking  shark,  Sanalus 
maximus,  locally  termed  Cagnia. 

Selaci  m.  pi. ;  selacians,  a  genus  of  sharks, 
i  •  «  *P*i  Gr'  <r'AaX05>  cartilaginous  fish  of  any 
kind,  which  includes  the  shark  family;  the  name  is 
<  crtAat,  brightness,  on  account  of  the  phospho- 
rescence of  these  fishes.  St'Aot  is  akin  to  O  H  G 
twiUitn,  to  smoulder  (cp.  Germ,  uhwal,  sultry) 
A.S.  s-we/an,  to  burn,  f/.  Skeat,  tub  Sultry. 


555 

•Selbastrella;  v.  Salvastrella. 
Se"lce  (Selice)/,  or  poet.  m.  (L.  silex, 
dissinnlated   from   scilic-,   akin   to   old 
Bulgarian  skala,  rock,  Gr.  xd\i/t,  pebble, 
L.   calx,   chalk);    flint.        -   molare,  = 
Pietra  focaia,  piece  of  flint  for  striking 
a  spark.      —  cornea,  hornstone,  a  stone 
much  like  flint  but  more  brittle. 
Selci-aio,  -ai61o  >«.;  =  -atore,  pavior. 

Selciare   ind.   seMcio   (Selicare);   to 
pave  with  stone  setts. 

Selci-ato   (Salicato,   Saliciata)   m.; 
pavement,  v.  -are. 

Selci-at6re  ///. ;  pavior,  v.  -are. 
•Selcigno,  "Selcioso;  flinty. 
Selenite/T;  a  kind  of  gypsum. 
Selenograf-ia,  -ico,  -o;  lunar  geography,  etc. 
as  ESel-ettlvo-  -«ione(L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Select); 

*Selic-are,  *-e;  v.  Selci-are,  -e. 

Selino  m.  (L.) ;  (bot.)  —  lattaiolo,  =  Prewemolo 
m  padule,  marsh  milk-parsley.     *  =  Sedano 
*Seliqua/;  =  Siliqua,  pod. 


Sell-a  /  (L.,  <  sedere,  v.  Sede); 
i.  saddle;  —  all'  inglese,  without  sad- 
dle-bows; —  all'  ungherese,  alia  but- 
tera,  alia  maremmana,  with  saddle-bows, 
v.  Bardella;  Tra  le  due  -e,  middle-sized 
(horse),  middle-aged  (person),  woman 
neither  pretty  nor  plain.  2.  saddle 
(joint  of  meat)  of  lamb.  3.  obtuse- 
angled  roofing  tile.  4.  a  kind  of  cigar 
(named  after  the  Minister,  cp.  Cavurre). 

*i.=Trono.     ii.  =  Predclla  (2).     Aff.  -accia/<jy. 

Sellaio  m. ;  saddler. 

Sell-are  ind.  sello ;  to  saddle, 
as  adj.,  hollow-backed. 

Sellerfa  / ;  saddler's  shop. 


. 

Sellino  m. ;  dim.  Sella,  esf.  in  sense  of  saddle 
of  a  carnage-horse's  harness. 

Sell-ona  augm.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.,  of -a. 

SeTva/(L.);  i.  wood,  of  cultivated 
trees  such  as  chestnuts  and  olives ;  a 
wood  of  timber  trees  is  Bosco.  2.  fig. 
collection,  treasury,  of  selected  poems 
or  of  literary  notes.  3.  Versi  a  — , 
poem  in  various  metres. 

*  i.  =  Bosco,  forest,    ii.  wild  animals,    iii.  =  I,egno' 
In  secca  — ,  in  the  coffin. 
Selv-acciay. ;  pegg.  -a. 

Selvaggina  / ;  game. 

Selvaggi-o  (L.  silvaticus) ;  \.  wild. 
2.  savage.  Aff.  -ame'nte  adv.,  -iume 
=  Selvaggina. 

Selv-astrella,  -atico ;  v.  Salv. 

SelvatO;  woodland. 

felv-etta,  -ina  ;  dims,  of  -a.    -icoltura ;  as  E. 
TSelvo  w.;=Fungo  moreccio,  mushroom. 

Selv-6so;  wooded,     -ottola  /;  dim.  -a 
'Serna   (A)  ./ ;  =  Seme.      Con   le   -   in   corpo 
unsatisfied.    (B)  (L.  semel);  once. 

Semaccio  w. ;  pegg.  Seme. 

Semafor-0  m.  (Gr.  <rf)^a,  <>e>o));  as 
E.  Aff.  -ico. 

Semaio  m. ;  i.  seedsman.  2.  seller 
of  roasted  gourd-seeds.  3.  dealer  in 
silkworms'  eggs. 

*  Semanayi;  =  Settimana,  week. 

Semasiologla  /  (Gr.) ;  science  of 
interpretation  of  signs. 

Semata  / ;  j.  paste  made  from 
gourd  seeds  for  making  a  cooling 
drink,  or  the  drink  made.  2.  by  ext., 
=  Orzata,  barley-water. 

70—2 


556 


SEMATICO— SENSALE 


Semdtico  (Gr.) ;  emblematic. 

Sembiante  m.  (var.  of  Sembrante) ; 
appearance.  Far  — ,  to  pretend. 

Sembianza  / ;  i.  look.  2.  in  //., 
features.  *meeting. 

tSembolay^Semola,  bran. 
tSembol-mo,  -6so;  =  Crusc-herello,  -oso. 
•Sembraglia/;  i.  =  Adunanza.     ii.  =Combatti- 
mento. 

Sembrare  ind.  sdmbro  (contr.  of  L. 
simnlare  with  intrusive  b) ;  i.q.  Parere, 
to  seem. 

Sdm-e  m.  (L.,  root  se,  to  cast,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Seminal,  Sow) ;  i.  seed. 
2.  -i  freddi,  v.  Freddo.  3.  --  caldi, 
seeds  of  anise  or  fennel.  4.  roasted 
seeds  of  a  melon  or  other  gourd.  5.  - 
santo,  santonin  seeds  as  a  vermifuge. 
6.  -i,  or  —  santo,  or  —  di  bozzolo,  a 
kind  of  paste  for  soup.  7.  silkworms' 
eSSs  J  —  bruciato,  eggs  that  have  turned 
dark  and  are  spoilt.  8.  race,  breed. 
9.  at  cards,  suit,  see  the  note  to  Carta. 

Serael.  Semelle  m.  (L.  simila,  fine 
flour,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Simnel) ;  a  kind  of 
roll  made  of  flour  and  brewer's  yeast. 

Semellaio  ?*. ;  vendor  of  Semelli. 

Seme'nt-a/;  i.  sowing.  2.  seed- 
time. 3.  field  where  the  seed  is  coming 
up.  Aff.  -ibile  fit  for  sowing,  -are, 
-ativo,  -atore,  t-erello  = -atore. 

Sementi'na  f. ;  =  Semenzina. 

Sementf.no;  i.  connected  with  sow- 
ing. 2.  ripe  at  seed-time  (autumn),  as 
certain  pears  and  funguses.  3.  (fruit) 
from  a  seedling.  4.  Tempo  — ,  cool 
weather,  suitable  for  sowing. 

Sement-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  run  to  seed. 

Semenz-a  f. ;  i.  seed  collected  for 
sowing.  2.  roasted  pumpkin-seeds,  v. 
Seme  (4).  3.  fig,  offspring,  D.  Par.  23. 
1 20.  Aff.  -aio  seed-bed,  *  -are  to  sow. 

Semenzina /I;  =  Seme  santo,  v.  Seme  (5). 

Semestr-e  m.  (L.  semestris,  <  sex, 
ntensis,  v.  Mese) ;  half-year.  Aff.  -ale, 
-alme'nte. 

Semi- ;  as  E.  Etym.  L.,  cogn.  Gr. 
IJJH-,  A.S.  sam,  half,  Sanskr.  sami,  half, 
prob.  related  to  Sanskr.  samya,  equality, 
<sama,  even,  same. 

Eri^"  Compounds  with  Semi-  are 
noted  below  only  when  the  second  part 
of  the  compound  requires  explanation. 

Semibiscroma./!;  (mus.)  demisemiquaver. 
Semicapro  in. ;  satyr,  lit.  half  goat. 
Semicavallo  «;.;  =  Centauro. 

Semicupio  m.  (bit.  semicupiurn,< 
L.  cupa,  v.  Coppa) ;  hip-bath. 

Semidiapason  m. ;  (WHS.)  diminished  octave. 

Semidiapente  m. ;  (mits.)  minor  fifth. 

Semiditono  m. ;  (mus.)  minor  third. 

Semid6ppio ;  i.  (eccl.)  semi-double.  Each 
psalm  in  Matins  and  the  other  "Hours"  is  always 
preceded  and  followed  by  an  "antiphon."  On  a 
"double"  the  antiphon  is  said  in  full  before  and 
repeated  in  full  after,  but  on  a  semi-double  only  the 
first  word  of  the  antiphon  is  said  before  and  the 
whole  of  it  is  said  after.  2.  (hot.}  half-double. 

Semfla ;  six  thousand. 

Semilunio  m. ;  time  when  the  moon 
is  half  full. 

•  Semina/. ;  i.  =  Semi,  v.  Seme  (4).  ii.  =  Sementa, 
seed-time. 


Semin-abile;  adj.  of  -are.  -agi6ne/;=Se- 
menta.  -ale;  as  E.  -amento  m. ;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Semin-are  ind.  sdmino  (L.,  v.  Seme) ; 
I.  to  sow ;  —  sulla  vanga,  sulla  zappe, 
sul  bidente,  i.e.  on  ground  prepared 
with  these  implements ;  —  sul  grano, 
on  ground  where  a  corn  crop  has  been 
or  amongst  a  corn  crop.  2.  fig.  to 
strew,  scatter  about.  3.  part,  -ato,  as 
si.,  ground  that  is  sown ;  Uscir  dal  — , 
fig.  to  wander  from  the  subject. 

Seminar-io  m. ;  i.  seed-bed.  2.  as 
E.  Aff.  -ista,  -istico. 

Semin-ata/;  =  Sementa.  Aff.  -ativo, 
Sio  seed-drill,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -atura. 


-at6 

*Seminella/I;  i.  train  of  gunpowder,     ii.  soup 
containing  Sernini,  v.  Semino. 

Seminio  ;;/. ;  germ. 
Semin-lo  m. ;  freq.  sb.  of  -are. 

Semino  m. ;  in  pi.,  soup  paste  in 
shape  of  melon  seeds. 

Semiologfa/  (Gr.  O-IJ/IHOV)  ;  treatise 
on  symbols,  or  on  symptoms. 

Semipartito  ;  (herald.)  divided  down  the 
middle. 

Semiretto ;  Angolo  — ,  angle  of  forty-five 
degrees. 

Semisfera/^;  hemisphere. 
'Semisonne;  half  asleep. 

Semispaccato;  (herald.)  divided  horizontally. 

Semita/  (L.,  v.  Sentiero);  path. 

Semita  m.\  Shemite. 

Semiudmo  >n.\  little  fellow. 

Semivocal-e;  semi-vowel.  Consonant!  -i,  i.e. 
f,  /,  m,  ft,  r  or  s. 

Semiv61o  in. ;  (herald.')  v.  Volo. 
«Semmanay:;  =  Scttimana,  week. 

Semmento  m.\  t'.y.  Segmento. 

Semol-a  f.  (L.  simila,  v.  Semel); 
i.  bran.  2.  in  pi.,  (a)  freckles,  (b)  heat- 
spots. 

*  i.   Giuocare  alle  -e,  to  have  a  bran  pie.     ii.  = 
Semolino. 

Semolata/;  bran  mash  for  horses. 

*  Semol-ello,  *-etto  m.  ;  =  Semorello  (i). 

Semolino  ;«.(<#;«.  Semola);  i.  coarse 
flour  used  in  soup.  2.  —  giallo,  coarse 
maize-flour.  3.  a  kind  of  snuff. 

tSemo!6so;  v.  Semola. 

Semdnzolo  in.;  corn  obtained  from  a  second 
thrashing  of  the  straw. 

t  Semorello  m. ;  i.  =  Tritello,  pollard,  ii.  =  Semo- 
lino, snuff. 

Semovent-e ;  automatic.  Beni  -i, 
live  stock. 

Sempi6ne ;  (geogr.)  the  Simplon 
pass  in  Switzerland. 

Sempitern-o  (L.)  ;  as  E.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Semplic-e  (L.,  <  sim-,  once,  plic-, 
fold,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Simple);  simple,  in 
all  senses,  as  E. 

Aff.  -emente,  -e^to  dim.,  -iario  book 
of  simples,  herbal,  -ino  dim.  iron.,  -iona, 
-i6ne  attgm.,  -ioneria,  -i6tta,  -iotto  augm. 
iron.,  -ista  herbalist,  -ita  sb.,  -izzare  = 
Semplificare. 

Semplific-are  ind.  semplifico;  as  E.  Aff. 
•azione. 

Sempre  (L.  semper,  <  sent-,  once, 
per,  through,  along,  so  that  the  orig. 
sense  is  "once  for  all,  permanently")  ; 
always.  —  mai,  always  and  always. 

Semprev^rde;  evergreen. 

Semprevivo  m. ;  (bot.)  i.  house-leek,  Semper- 
vivum  tectorunt,  also  termed  Sopravivolo  maggiore, 
Guarda  casa,  Barba  di  Giove,  Erba  da  calli.  2.  a 


genus  of  everlasting,  the    Fr.  immortelle,   v.    Per- 
petuino  (If). 

*Semuto;  provided  with  seeds,  v.  Seme. 

Sena  /  (A)  (L.  seni,  six) ;  (used 
without  the  article)  double  sixes. 

(B)  (Arabic  word) ;  (bol.)  senna, 
leaflets  of  Cassia. 

(C) ;  (geogr.)  the  river  Seine. 

t(D) ;  sole  (fish),  v.  Sogliola. 

Senale  m.  (L.  senarius,  lit.  therefore 
a  rope  of  six  strands)  ;  (mar.}  tackle 
consisting  of  two  blocks  each  with  three 
eyes,  giving  therefore  a  six-fold  line 
between  the  blocks,  used  for  the 
shrouds  of  lateen -rigged  vessels.  —  di 
cavo,  jackstay,  rope  serving  in  place  of 
a  trysail  mast.  *dried  maize-stalk. 

tSenaletto   tn. ;   (mar.)  =  Paranco   di  guardia, 
vang. 

Senap-a,  -e  f.  (L.,<Gr.  aivain, 
originally  vairv,  prob.  a  foreign  word  in 
Greek);  (hot.)  I.  mustard,  either  St'na- 
pis  alba  or  S.  nigra.  2.  —  de'  campi, 
charlock,  Sinapis  arvensis.  3.  Far 
venir  la  —  al  naso,  to  make  angry. 
Aff.  -iera  mustard-pot,  -ismo  mustard- 
plaster. 

Senario  ;«.  (L.)  ;  verse  of  six 
syllables. 

Senata_/i ;  bosom-full,^,  of  cherries. 
*v.  Faggia. 

Senat-0  m.  (L.,<se>i-  as  in  senex, 
old,  setiium,  old  age,  cp.  Gr.  evos,  old 
Goth,  sineigs,  Irish  sen,  Welsh  hen,  all 
meaning  old) ;  senate. 

Aff.  -oconsulto  resolution,  -orato  senatorshtp, 
-oressa  senator's  wife,  -oria  scherz.  for  -orato,  -oriale, 
-oriamente,  -6rio. 

*  Senazioney;;  =  Crescione,  watercress. 
Sendale  tn.  (mil.  cendalttm,  <  L.  tind0nt  —  &r. 

(ju'5tui',  Indian  fine  linen,  <  Sanskr.  sitttttus,  Scinde) ; 
senda!,  a  thin  linen  or  silken  stuff. 

*  Sendo ;  pres.  part.  Essere,  being. 
Sene;j0o/.  for  Se,  self.     *old,  v.  Senato. 
Senectone  ;«. ;  (bot.)  groundsel,  v.  Erba  (19). 
Senes-e  ;  of  Sienna.    Aff.  -ismo. 

*Senett-a,  -u  or  -ude/;  old  age,  v.  Senato. 

Sen-etto  m.;  dim.  -o. 

tSenice    f.;  =  Crepatura,    crack.      *in    pi.,  = 
Gonghe,  swollen  glands  in  the  neck. 

Senil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -minte. 

Senino  tn. ;  dim.  vezz.  Seno. 

Senidre  (v.  Senato);  as  E. 

Seniscalco;  v.  Siniscalco. 

Senna/;  i.  v.  Sena  (B)  and  (C). 
2-  (ge°gr-)  tne  Senne,  a  stream  flowing 
through  Brussels. 

Sennaar  ;  i.  the  land  of  Shinar,  D. 
Purg.  12.  36.  2.  Jig.  babel. 

*  Senne  ;  =  Nesei. 

Sennino  m. ;  sensible  young  fellow. 

Senno  m.  (O.H.G.  sin,>Germ.Sinn, 
thought,  from  the  same  root  as  Sentire) ; 
i.  good  sense.  2.  A  —  di,  at  the  plea- 
sure of.  3.  Da  — ,  seriously. 

Senno ;  if  not. 

Sennonche  ;  except  that. 
Se'no  in.  (L.  sinus) ;  i.  bosom,  either 
pers.  or  of  a  dress.     2.  womb.     3.  bay. 

4.  (mat/i.)  sine. 


Sen6crate;  Xenocrates. 
Senod6chio  m.  (Gr.);  guest-house. 
Senopia  ;  v.  Sinopia. 
*Sensay^;  i.  =  Senso.     ii.  =  Ascensione. 

Sensal-e   m.  (old   Fr.   censal,  <blt. 
censalis,  <  bit.  censa,  cp.  old  Fr.  cense. 


SENSATO— SERMENTO 


557 


Censa  is  an  early  variant  of  L.  census; 
see  Godefroy,  Old  Fr.  Diet.);  broker. 
—  di  danaro,  money  broker.  -  di 
effetti  cambiari,  bill  broker.  —  di  fondi 
pubblici  e  titoli  di  credito,  stock  and 
share  broker.  —  marittimo,  ship  bro- 
ker. t  =  Saccente,  wiseacre.  Aff.  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Sensat-o  ;  sensible.  Aff.  -amente, 
-ezza. 

Sensazioney?;  as  E. 

Senseriayi ;  brokerage,  v.  Sensale. 

Sensibil-e;  i.  as  E.  2.  sensitive.  Aff.  -ita, 
-mente,  -one  augm.  iron. 

*  Sensile  (Span,  stncillo,  <  L.  simplicitlus,  dim. 
of  simplex);  {mar.)  simple,  of  ordinary  character  or 
dimensions. 

Sens-ismo  >«.;  theory  that  knowledge  is  only 
from  the  senses.  Aff.  -ista,  -istico. 

Sensitiva  yC:  i.  faculty  of  feeling.  2.  (&>/.) 
sensitive  plant,  Mimosa  pudica. 

Sensitiv-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ame_nte,  -ita. 

Sens-o,  -6rio,  -uale,  -ualismo,  -ualista, 
-ualita,  -ualmcnte;  as  E. 

*  Sentacchi-o,  -oso  ;  quick  of  hearing. 

*  Sentare  ;  to  sit  down. 

tSentecchio  m.;  Dare  il  — ,  =  Dar  la  quadra,  to 
laugh  at. 

Sentenz-a  /  (L.);  I.  pronounce- 
ment, maxim.  2.  judicial  sentence. 
3.  opinion,  view,  'substance  (of  a 
speech). 

Aff.  -iaccia  ptgg.t  -iale  book  of  maxims, 
•ialmente,  -iare  vb,,  -ieggiare  sprfg.,  -ievole  full  of 
maxims,  -ieyolmente,  -iona  augm.t  -iosamente,  -ioso 
as  E.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Sentier-0  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sender, 
Provenc..  semdiers,  sentiers,  Span,  sen- 
der o,  <  **  semitariiis,  <  L.  semi t a,  <  se-, 
apart,  +  stem  of  nteare,  to  go) ;  path. 
Aff.  -ello,  -etto,  -mo,  -uccio,  -61o  dims. 

Sentiment-o  m.  ;  i.  feeling.  2.  sentiment. 
3.  Cavar,  Lcvar  di  — ,  to  stun.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 
*?*'£• 

Sentina  /  (L.) ;  i.  bilge  water. 
2.  bottom  of  a  ship's  hold  where  the 
bilge-water  collects.  *sewer. 

tSentina  m. ;  =  Cenlinato,  curvature,  v.  Centi- 
nare. 

Sentinella  /  (etym.  iinkn.,  perhaps  dim.  < 
** Stuttina,  <  L.  or  Ital.  sentire,  to  near,  in  sense  of 
listener;  the  corresponding  Span,  and  Fr.  terms  are 
from  Ital.,  not  vice  vtrsA)',  sentinel.  —  morta, 
motionless  sentinel.  —  perduto,  one  in  a  dangerous 
post. 

*Sentio  >«. ;  =  Sentore. 

Sentire  ind.  sento  (L.,  akin  to 
O.H.G.  sinnan,  >  Germ,  sinnen,  to  re- 
flect, v.  Senno);  i.  to  perceive  by  any 
of  the  senses  except  seeing,  but  esp.  by 
hearing.  2.  -  -  bene,  or  male,  una 
cosa,  to  take  it  well  or  badly.  3.  Una 
donna  che  non  sente,  a  woman  without 
any  feeling.  4.  --  di  scemo,  to  be 
rather  a  fool.  5.  Non  sentirsi  di  fare 
qualche  cosa,  to  be  disinclined  to  do 
it.  6.  —  molto  di  sd,  to  have  a  great 
opinion  of  oneself.  7.  —  alto  di  s6, 
to  have  self-respect.  8.  (mar.)  --  il 
timone,  to  answer  the  helm.  9.  to  offer 
the  sensation  of.  —  di  legno,  of  wine, 
to  have  a  taste  of  the  cask. 

*i.  =  Giudicare.  ii.  =  Acconsentire,  to  agree  to. 
iii.  —  una  cosa  per  un'  altra,  to  mistake  it.  iv.  part. 
sentito=  Accorto. 

Sentita  /. ;  Per  —  dire,  by  hearsay. 
Andare  a  — ,  to  feel  one's  way. 

Sentitame'nte ;  strongly,  deeply. 
Sentore  in. ;  Non  dava  — ,  he  gave 


no  sign  of  life.     Aver  —  di,  to  have  an 
inkling  of. 

*i.  =  Odore.  ii.  =  Rumore.  iii.  =  Fama.  iv.  = 
Sentimento. 

Senza,  or  pop.  Senza  (prob.  short  for 
Assenza,  <  L.  absentia,  cp.  Grisons  dial, 
saintsd);  without. 

Senzabrache  m.  ;  an  adaptation 
from  Fr.  sansculotte,  v.  Sanculotti. 

Senziente;  sentient. 

*  Sepa,  Sepe  /  (L.  sefs,  <  Gr.  mjW  ;  some  kind 
of  reptile. 

*  SepaiolayI;  =  Scricciolo,  wren. 
tSepale  >«.;  =  Siepe,  hedge. 

Sepalo  m.  (coined  from  separare,  petalum) ; 
(hot.)  sepal,  separate  division  of  a  calyx. 

Separ-are  ind.  separo  or  separo  (L.,<«-, 
apart,  parare,  to  set);  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -abilita, 
-amento,  -atamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

*  Separi  ;=Dispari,  odd. 

*  Sepe  f. ;  v.  Sepa. 

Sepeeri  m. ;  (eat.)  the  greenheart  or  bibiri  tree 
of  British  Guiana,  Nectandra  Rodiaei. 

Sep-olcrale ;  as  E.  -olcre'to  m. ; 
burial-place,  -olcro  m. ;  as  E.  -61to ; 
part.  Seppellire.  -oltuario ;  i .  adj. 

2.  as    s6.,    register    of    burial-places, 
-oltura/;  i.  burial.    2.  tomb,    -pelli- 
me'nto  m. ;  burial. 

Seppell-ire  ind.  -isco,  parts,  sepolto 
or  seppelh'to  (L.);  to  bury.  Aff.  -it6re. 

Se"ppi-a/  (L.,  =  Gr.  crijwi'a) ;  i.  cuttle- 
fish, octopus,  Sepia  officinalis ;  the  male 
cuttle-fish  is  usu.  Calamaio ;  Far  venire 
la  pelle  di  — ,=Accapponar  la  pelle,  to 
have  goose-skin.  2.  (paint.)  sepia.  Aff. 
-are  to  polish,  e.g.  a  picture-frame,  with 
cuttle-fish  bone,  -oHna  dim. 

Seppiola  f. ;  a  species  of  cuttle-fish, 
Sepiola  Rondelettii,  locally  termed  Zot- 
tolo. 

Seppure  non ;  unless  indeed. 

tSequar-are;  (»wr)=Tener  a  collo,  to  hold  on 
with  a  turn,  -ato  dai  ghiacci ;  pinched  in  by  the 
ice.  -o  w.;  =  Collo,  round  turn. 

Sequela  /  ;  succession,  sequence. 

Sequenza  / ;  (eccl.)  hymn  after  the 
Graduate. 

Sequestr-are  ind.  sequestra  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Sequester);  i.  (leg.)  to  put 
a  stop  upon,  prevent  removal  of  some 
piece  of  personal  property.  2.  to  sepa- 
rate, keep  apart,  e.g.  for  fear  of  infection. 

3.  to  stop  the  sale  of  a  newspaper. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atario  holder  or  receiver  of 
sequestrated  effects,  -atore,  -azione. 

Sequestro  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Sequestrazione. 
2.  (mar.)  embargo.  3.  (med.)  sequestrum 
(of  bone). 

Ser  (Sere) ;  short  for  Messere,  contr. 
of  Mio  signore,  a  title  given  in  the 
learned  professions,  but  passing  out  of 
use.  t  =  Nonno,  grandfather. 

Se'r-a  f.  (L.  serus,  akin  to  Irish  sir, 
slow,  Welsh  hir,  long,  in  menhir,  long 
stone,  A.S.  sidk,  late);  i.  evening,  or 
late  afternoon.  2.  -e  sono,  a  few  nights 
ago.  3.  Far  —  e  sabato,  (a)  to  get 
very  late ;  Siamo  andati  di  proposta  in 
proposta,  e  s'  e  fatto  —  e  sabato  senza 
concluder  nulla,  ...it  got  very  late  with- 
out our  deciding  on  anything,  (6)  to 
come  to  a  conclusion;  Facciamo  —  e 
sabate  con  questo  contralto,  do  let  us 


settle  this  contract.  4.  —  per  —  ,  every 
evening.  5.  prov.  Legge  fiorentina, 
dalla  —  alia  mattina,  Florentine  law 
(changed)  between  evening  and  morn- 
ing. 6.  the  west,  t  blue  striped  wrasse, 
?•.  Labbro  (B,  b). 

Seracino  ;  pop.  for  Saracino. 

Ser&fico;  i.  as  E.  2.  Padre—,  St  Francis  of 
Assisi.  3.  Dottore  —  ,  St  Bonaventura.  4.  of  the 
Franciscan  order. 

Serafin-o  M.I  i.  (eccl.)  one  of  the  Seraphim. 
2.  II  —  d'  Assisi,  St  Francis.  3.  La  -a  del  Carmelo, 
St  Theresa. 

*  Seralamanna  ;  v.  Salamanna. 
Seril-e,  -m£nte;  v.  Sera. 

tSerano  ;«.;  =  Sedano,  parsley. 

Serapeo  ;«.;  a  temple  of  Serapis,  famous  for  its 
library. 

*Serapino  m.  \  =  Segapeno. 

Ser^t-ay^;  i.  evening,  from  sunset 
to  bed-time.  2.  evening  party  or  evening 
performance  at  a  theatre,  given  as  a 
benefit. 

Aff.  -accia  Pegg.,  -ante  actor  for  whom  a  benefit 
is  being  held,  -ina  dim.  iron.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Serb-are  ind.  serbo  (L.  sen/are);  to 
put  aside  for  future  use,  to  save  up,  not 
quite  synonymous  with  Conservare,  to 
preserve  intact.  Si  -a  una  cosa  che 
non  sappiamo  se  si  potra  conservare, 
we  put  a  thing  aside  without  knowing 
whether  it  will  keep  good. 

Aff.  -£bile,  -atoio  reservoir,  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Serbastrella^;  =  SaIvastrella,  pimpernel. 
Serbico;  Servian. 

Serbo;  In  —  ,  in  store,  laid  by. 

Serchio  m.\  (geogr.)  a  river  in  Tuscany  which 
passes  near  Lucca;  the  allusion  in  D.  Inf.  21.  49  is 
to  the  fact  that  this  river  was  a  favourite  bathing- 
place  of  the  Lucchesi. 

*Sercocolla/  (L.,  <  Gr.  a-apwoKoAAa)  ;    (med.) 


a  gum. 

Serdaro  ;«.  (Persian,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sirdar);  as  E. 

*  Sere  ;  v.  Ser. 

Sereme/I;  (hist.)  vessel  with  six  banks  of  oars. 

Seren-amente  ;  adv.  of  -o. 

Serenare;  of  the  weather,  to  clear  up. 

Serenata./;  serenade. 

Seren-o  (L.,  akin  to  scresco,  to  grow  dry,  Gr. 
£ijpo?,  dry);  i.  as  E.  ;  Al  —  ,  in  the  open  air. 
2.  Pietra  -a,  arendalite,  a  bluish-grey  stone.  3.  Massa 
-a,  fine  grained  stone,  v.  Tramezzolo.  4.  Gotta  -a, 
gutta  serena,  a  form  of  blindness  in  which  the 
appearance  of  the  eye  is  unaltered.  Aff.  -ita. 
*Serfedocco  m.  ;  =  Scioccone,  fool. 

Sergente  m.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  serjant,  >  Fr.  ser- 
gent,  <  mil.  servientemt  v.  Servo;  cp.  Fr.  concierge 
<.  mlt.  con-servientem)  ;  i.  sergeant.  2.  cramp, 
cramp-frame,  a  carpenter's  tool  with  a  movable  part 
which  can  be  screwed  tight  so  as  to  press  things 
together,  v.  Ascialone  (2). 

*  i.  =  Ministro,    Servente.     ii.  =  Birro.     iii.    foot- 
soldier. 

*  Sergent-inay.;  a  kind  of  pike,  v.  -e  (iii). 
*Sergeri  m.  pl.\  salaams. 
*Sergier-e,  -i  w.;  =  *Ser§ente. 
"Sergoncello  m.  ;  =  Crescione,  water-cress. 

Sergozz6ne  7;;.  ;  =  Sorgozzone.  *(arcA.)  bracket. 
Seria  ;  (war.)  Capo  —  ,  petty  officer  commanding 
a  subdivision. 

Sertamente;  seriously. 

Seric-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Silk);  of, 
or  relating  to,  silk  or  silkworms.  Aff. 
-ult6re,  -ultura. 

Serie  /.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  we.);  i.  as  E. 
2.  (tnus.)  scale. 

Serieta  /.;  seriousness. 

Serifi  ;  (geogr.)i\it  island  of  Seriphos,  v.  Sciro. 

Serino  m.  ',  —  d'  Italia,  =  Raperino,  green 
canary.  *  dim.  Sere,  sir. 

Scrio  (L.,  akin  to  Germ,  schiver,  heavy,  I.ith. 
swarjts,  heavy);  as  K. 

Scrioc6mico  ;  as  E. 

Serio-faceto  or  -giocdso;  semi-serious. 

Seriola  f.  ;  a  species  of  mackerel. 

Seritterio  m.;  silk  -organ  of  a  silkworm. 

Serizzo  /«.;  {geol.)  gneiss,  a  compact  form  of 
Beola. 

Serae'nto  m.  ;  vine-branch,  rv.  Sar- 
mento. 


558 


SERMESTA— SERVIZIO 


*Sermesta  m.  (It.  sere,  mestare);  meddler. 

*  Sermestola  m.  (It.  sere,  mestolare);  simpleton. 
*Sermintese  m. ;  =  Serventese. 

*  Sermocinare  (L.) ;  sfn-eg,  =  Sermoneggiare. 

*  Sermocinatorio;  Canto — ,  recitative. 
Serm61Ia^C;=:Zigolo  giallo,  yellow-hammer. 
Sermollino  m.  (var.  of  Serpollino);  =  Serpillo, 

thyme.     *As  adj.,  fig.  delicious,  lit.  thymy. 

Sermon-ale  in.;  book  of  sermons,  -are;  to 
preach,  -cino  in.',  dim.  short  sermon.  -at6re  m. ; 
proser. 

Sermbne  in.  (A) ;  i.  language,  speak- 
ing. 2.  sermon.  3.  a  piece,  of  prose 
or  poetry,  recited  by  a  child  at  the  Pre- 
sepio.  4.  in//.,  Horace's  Satires. 

Etym.  L. ,  cp.  Oscan  svemtnei,  akin  to  Gothic 
svaran,  O.H.G.  swerren  (>  Germ,  schwd'reu),  Ice- 
landic  suor,  answer,  AS.  and-stvaru  (>  E.  answer, 
lit.  anti-speech),  Russian  ssora,  dispute,  root  sufr,  to 
speak,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Swear. 

(Q)  pop.  for  Salmone. 

Sermoneggiare  ind.  sermoneggio ;  to  ser- 
monise. 

Sermontano  tn.  ;  (bat.)  mountain  laserwort, 
Laserpitium  siler,  also  termed  Seseli  di  montagna, 
Sileos,  Silermontano. 

*Serocchiay^;  i.q.  Sirocchia,  sister. 

*  Serolone  ;«. ;  =  Segalone,  diver  (bird). 

Ser6tin-o  (L.  serotinus,  < serus,  late, 
•v.  Sera);  tardy,  esp.  of  fruit,  late  in 
ripening.  Aff.  -amdnte. 

Serp-accia/;  ftgg.  of -e,  snake. 

Serp-aio  ;//. ;  snake-jungle,  -ato  ; 
speckled. 

Serpe  /,  sometimes  m.  (L.  serpens, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Serpent) ;  i.  snake.  2.  box- 
seat  on  a  brake,  just  behind  the  driver, 
so  called  from  its  curved  iron  supports. 

3.  (mar.)  stage  for  the  look-out   man. 

4.  curved  pipe,  worm  of  a  still.     5.  ser- 
pent, firework.     6.  (mus.)  the  first  twist 
of  a  bassoon. 

Serpeggi-are/W.serpe'ggio ;  to  wind, 
wriggle.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o  sbs. 

*  Serpellino ;  =  Scerpellino,  blear-eyed. 

t  Serpentare  ;  to  annoy  by  importunity. 

Serpentaria/;  (tot.)i.  Cactus flagellifortnis. 
i.  Virginia  snake-root,  Aristolochia  Serpentaria. 

Serpentario  m. ;  (astr.)  the  constellation, 
Ofkitukus. 

Serpente  m.  (L.)|  as  E.  See  also  Serpen- 
tone  (a). 

Serpent-ello  »(.;  i.  dim.  of-e.  2.  great  pipe- 
fish, Syngnatkus  actts. 

Serpent-ifero;  snake  producing.    Aff.  -iforme. 

Serpentin-a  f.;  i.  (MIX.)  -a,  or  -o  m.,  ser- 
pentine, a  silicious  manganese.  2.  (watchttt.)  ratchet- 
wheel.  3.  (hist.)  a  kind  of  cannon,  serpentine,  later 
known  as  Passavolante.  4.  (z*/.)=Crepaccio,  crack. 

5.  (bot.)  =  Arrestabue,  rest-harrow.     6.    (mil.  kist.) 
=  Draghetto,  match-holder. 

Serpentin-o;  i.  adj.  of  Serpente;  Lingua  -a, 
tongue  lolling  out  of  an  animal's  mouth.  2.  as  sb., 
v.  Serpentina  (i).  3.  —  verde  antico.  green  porphyry, 
verde-antique.  4.  any  curved  iron  bar;  -i, //.,  coils 
of  a  heating  apparatus.  4.  worm  of  a  still. 

Serpent-one  M. ;  \.  augm.  -e.  2.  (mxs.)  ser- 
pent, sometimes  called  Serpente,  a  bass  wind-instru- 
ment now  obsolete,  consisting  of  a  tapering  leather- 
covered  brass  or  wooden  tube  eight  feet  long,  twisted 
about  like  a  serpent. 

Serp-ere,  only  used  in  pres.  ind.  and 
subj.  and  pres.  parts,  -ente,  -endo  (L.); 
=  Serpeggiare,  to  creep. 

Serp-etta  dim.,  -iciattola  sub-dim.,  -icella 
dint.,  -icina  "-icino  dims,  vezz.,  of  -e. 

Serpfgine/;;  (med.)  serpigo,  a  form  of  eczema. 

*  Serpigno  ;  =  Serpentino  (i). 

Serpillo    m.   (L.,  <  Gr. 
wild  thyme,  v.  Timo  (i,  a). 

Serp-olina  *-olino  dims.,  -6na  or  -6ne 
augms.,  of  -e. 

Serqu-a  f.  (etym.  unkn.);  a  dozen  of  eggs, 
walnuts  or  other  eatables.  At  Rome  it  means  two 
dozen.  Aff.  -ettma  dim.  vezz. 

Serra/  (A)  (It.  serrare);  I.  ravine, 
narrow  valley.  2.  dyke,  built  for  pro- 


tection against  a  torrent ;  at  Siena,  in 
the  special  sense  of  protection  placed 
round  chestnut  trees  to  prevent  fallen 
chestnuts  being  swept  away  by  heavy 
rains.  3.  barricade.  4.  =  Calca,  crowd, 
press.  5.  greenhouse.  6.  waistband  of 
a  pair  of  trousers.  7.  (hydraul.)  =  ?>\.r&- 
mazzo,  overflow-weir. 

*(B)  (for  ** secra,  < stcare,  cp.  Span,  sierra): 
=  Sega,  saw. 

Serrab6zze  in.  ;  (mar.)  shank-painter  (of  an 
anchor),  a  chain  by  which  the  flukes  of  a  bower- 
anchor  are  held  against  the  bill-board  or  upon  the 
bow-chock  of  a  vessel  and  by  which  such  anchor  is 
lowered  against  the  cat-head. 

Serrafila  in. ;  i.  (mil.)  name  given 
to  the  officer  or  non-commissioned 
officer  who  stands  behind  the  first 
three  lines  to  supervise  their  operations. 

2.  (mar.)  last  vessel  of  a  squadron. 

Serrafilo  m. ;  binding-screw,  for 
electric  wires. 

Serragliere  m. ;  keeper,  at  a  me- 
nagerie. 

Serraglio  m.  (<stem  of  Serrare, 
with  suffix  -aglio,  =  L.  -ticulum) ;  i.  cage 
for  wild  beasts.  2.  (arch.)  key-stone. 

3.  seraglio;  in  this  sense  an  adaptation 
of  the   sense   of  cage   to   an   Oriental 
seraglio,   from    the    similarity    to    the 
proper  Oriental  (Persian)  word   serai, 
palace. 

*i.  =  Steccato,  palisade,  ii.  barricade.  iii.=Ser- 
ratura.  iv.  =  t-Sbarra,  y.v.,  suit  fin.  v.  =  Tappo, 
plug.  tvi.  (mar.)  skin  of  a  ship. 

Serram-e  or  -£nto  m. ;  fastening. 

tSerran  m.,  or  Serrania  f.  ;  sea  perch,  v. 
Sciarrano. 

Serranda  /  ;  door  of  an  oven. 

Serrapenn6ne  m. ;  (mar.)  =  Caricabolina, 
leech-line.  —  poppiero,  slab-line,  a  thin  rope  used 
for  tricing  up  the  foot-rope  of  a  lower  square-sail. 

Serr-are  ind.  serro  (late  L.  serare, 
<  j/ra,  ba.r,<s?ro,  to  entwine,  for  which 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Series,  Serried);  i.  tr.  or 
intr.  to  shut,  to  bolt,  to  close  ;  Chi  entra 
-i,  shut  the  gate  after  you.  2.  to  squeeze, 
hold  tightly;  Un  -a  -a  indescrivibile, an 
indescribable  shoving  and  confusion ; 
Era  sano  e  vispo  e  tutt'  a  un  tratto  gli 
venne  un  -a  -a,  he  was  perfectly  right 
when  all  of  a  sudden  he  got  into  a 
state  of  great  distress.  3.  part,  -ato, 
serried  (battalions).  4.  Parole  -ate  -ate, 
(a)  rapid  stream  of  words,  (b)  very  con- 
cise language.  5.  (Galoppo,  Trotto) 
-ato,  swift.  6.  (Dicitore)  -ato,  concise 
speaker.  7.  (mar.)  —  la  terra,  to  hug 
the  shore ;  —  una  vela,  to  furl  a  sail ; 
-  un  flocco,  to  stow  a  jib ;  —  le  vele, 
to  take  in  sails. 

Serraschierato  m. ;  grade  of  Seraskier. 

Serraschiere  in.  (Turkish,  <  Persian  and 
Arabic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Seraskier);  seraskier,  Turkish 
commander-in-chief. 

Serrata  / ;  i.  lock-out.  2.  (hist.) 
restriction ;  La  —  del  Consiglio  Mag- 
giore  di  Venezia,  when  the  Republic 
restricted  its  constitution. 

*  i.  =  Steccato,  palisade,  ii.  dam.  iii.  =  Cateratta, 
sluice. 

Serratame'nte  ;  (mil.)  in  close  order. 

Serratura/;  i.  lock;  —  a  sdruc- 
ciolo,  or  a  colpo,  self-fastening  lock. 
2.  =  Serra,  keystone. 


Serrett-a/;  (mar.)  i.  batten.  2.  strake  of 
inside  planking  next  below  the  shelf;  —  del  baglio 
di  coperta,  deck-beam  clamp;  —  del  cassero  di  prua, 
clamp  of  the  forecastle;  —  del  castello  di  poppa, 
clamp  of  the  poop;  —  della  polena,  head-board. 
3.  -e  da  carico,  spar-ceiling,  cargo  battens.  4.  -e 
il'  una  imbarcazione,  bottom-boards  of  a  boat. 

Serrett6n-e  m.;  (mar.)  —  di  stiva,  hold-beam 
clamp,  also  termed  Controdormiente  di  stiva.  -i  del 
fasciame  interne,  thick-strakes  of  ceiling. 

Serse;  Xerxes. 

Serto  m.  (L.,  <  serere,  to  inter- 
weave, v.  Skeat,  sub  Series);  i.  garland. 
2.  Igneo  —  ,  Saturn's  ring. 

Serv-a  f.;  i.  maid-servant,  esp.  if 
single-handed.  2.  Dormire  colla  —  , 
i.e.  to  pay  scant  attention  to  affairs  ; 
Quel  ministro  si  vede  che  dorme  colla 
—  ,  that  minister  is  evidently  not  awake 
to  what  is  going  on. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -aggio  servitude,  -aiolo  one 
who  runs  after  the  maids. 

*  Servare  ;  =  Serbare,  to  preserve. 


i.  part.  Servire.  2.  Ca- 
valier —  ,  gentleman  in  waiting,  v. 
Cicisbeo  (2).  3.  as  s6.  m.  or/,  servant 
in  an  institution. 

Serventese,  Sirvente'se  m.  or  / 
(Provenc.  siiventes,  <  L.  serviens)  ;  pro- 
perly troubadour's  ditty,  but  often  of 
political  or  religious  character,  rather 
than  on  love. 

Serv-etta  or  -ettina  ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.    -ibile  ; 
capable  of  serving.     -icci61a  ;  dim.  -a. 
Servidorame  m.  ;  (iroti.)  servants. 

Serviente  m.  ;  i.  (mar.)  man  who 
serves  a  gun.  2.  pop.  for  Servente. 

Servigetto  m.  ;  dim.  vezz.  Servigio. 

Servigiale  m.  or  /;  =  Servente  (3), 
hospital  servant. 

Servigio  m.  ;  i.q.  Servizio,  service. 

Serv-ile,  -ilita,  -ilmente  ;  as  E. 

Serv-ina,  -ino  ;  dim.  vezz.  of  .a,  -o. 

Servire  ind.  servo  (L.)  ;  to  serve.  Far  —  , 
(mar.)  to  fill  away  after  lying  to. 

Servita  m.  or  f.  ;  one  of  the  Order  of  the 
servants  of  Mary,  founded  in  the  I3th  century  at 
Florence. 

Servito  in.  ;  i.  service,  set  of  plates 
and  dishes.  2.  =  Portata,  course,  at  a 
dinner-party. 

Servit6r-a./  of-e,  -accio  /<££•.,  -ame  spreg.  ; 
lot  of  flunkeys. 

Servitor-e  m.  ;  i.  servant.  2.  hat  or  coat 
stand.  3.  —  di  legno,  dumb-waiter,  f.  Servo  (6). 
4.  rest  for  a  spit. 

Aff.  -ello  dint.  vezz.  or  iron.,  .esco  adj.  spreg., 
-etto  or  -mo  dim.,  -ume  i.q.  -ame. 

Servitu  /  (L.)  ;  I.  servitude. 
2.  slavery.  3.  household  servants  col- 
lectively. 4.  easement,  burden  on  land 
such  as  a  quit-rent.  5.  Avere,  Contrarre 
-  con  alcuno,  to  become  devoted  to 
him.  6.  Una  stanza  che  ha  —  con 
un'  altra,  a  room  which  is  without 
access  except  through  another  room. 

Serviziale;  i.  scherz.iw  Serviziato, 
obliging.  2.  as  sb.  =  Clistere,  enema. 

Servizi-ato  or  -6vole  ;  obliging. 

Serviz-io,  Servigio  (Serviso)  m. 
(L.  servitium)  ;  I.  service.  2.  Mezzo  —  , 
that  of  a  servant  who  does  not  sleep  in 
the  house,  as  opposed  to  Tutto  —  ; 
Mezzo  --  is  also  used  personally  to 
describe  such  a  servant.  3.  Fare  i  -ii, 
to  do  the  rough  work  of  the  house. 
4.  Scala  di  —  ,  back  stairs.  5.  —  da 


SERVO— SETTA 


559 


tavola,  dinner  service,  the  utensils. 
6.  (mar.)  in//.,  running  rigging.  7.  — 
di  bordo,  duty  on  board  ship.  8.  —  di 
comandata,  extra  duty,  fatigue  duty. 
9.  euph.  for  action  of  the  bowels. 

Aj[f.  -\b\odim,,  -ione  augm. ,  -iuccio  dim.  spreg. 

Serv-o  m.  (L.);  i.  servant.  2.  slave. 
3.  -i  di  Maria,  a  religious  Order ;  Paolo 
de'  Servi  or  Paolo  Sarpi,  also  known  as 
Paolo  Servita,  was  a  Venetian  historian 
and  theologian  (1552— 1623).  4.  Com- 
pagnia  de'  -i  de'  poveri,  the  Somaschi, 
a  religious  Congregation  founded  by 
G.  Emiliani  at  Somasca  near  Bergamo 
in  1531.  5.  —  muto,  i.q.  Servitore  (2) 
and  (3).  6.  Far  — ,  of  children,  to 
make  a  greeting  by  moving  the  fingers 
whilst  holding  the  rest  of  the  hand  still. 

AJf.  -occio,  -uccia,  -one,  -ona  augjtts.  of  -o  or  -a. 

Sesamo  (Sisamo)  m,  (L.,  <  Gr.,  < 
Arabic  semsem,  akin  to  Hebrew  shemen, 
oil);  (tot.)  sesame,  Sesamuni  indicum, 
also  termed  Giuggiolena,  the  seeds  of 
which  yield  the  valuable  Gingelly  oil. 

Sesamdide  ;  (artat.),  (bone)  resembling  sesame 
seeds. 

*  Sescalco  m.  ;  =  Siniscalco,  seneschal. 

*  Sescuplo ;  sextuple. 

Seseli,  Seselio  m.  (Gr.,  prob.  of  Egyptian 
origin) ;  (bot.)  —  di  montagna,  mountain  laserwort, 
•v,  Sermontano. 

Sesennio  in. ;  =  Sessennio,  six  years. 

Sesquialtero  (L.  ;  sesqui  \s<semis- 
que,  meaning  //'/.  "and  a  half");  half 
as  much  again. 

Sesquipedale  (L.) ;  a  foot  and  a  half 
long. 

Sesquiterzo ;  a  third  more,  four 
thirds  of. 

Sessagenario ;  sixty  years  old. 

Sessag^sima/ ;  Sexagesima  Sunday. 

Sessagesimale ;  proceeding  by  six- 
ties. 

Sessagesimo  ;  =  Sessantesimo,  six- 
tieth. 

Sessanta  (L.  sexaginta,  v.  Venti); 
sixty. 

Sessantenne  ;  of  sixty  years. 

Sessantesimo;  sixtieth. 

Sessantina  / ;  number  of  about 
sixty. 

Sessantino  m. ;  i.  sixty  centimes. 
2.  a  variety  of  maize  taking  sixty  days 
to  grow. 

Sessantiino ;  sixty-one.  —  e  codesti 
si  vince,  at  Briscola,  sixty-one  and  we 
win  (the  total  score  attainable  by  the 
two  sides  together  being  a  hundred  and 
twenty). 

Sessennale;  sexennial,  at  every  six 
years. 

Sessennio,  Sesennio  m. ;  six  years. 

Sessile  (L.}  ;  (hot.)  sessile  (leaf),  with  no  stalk. 

Sessionario  m.\  lawyer's  diary  book  showing 
the  dates  on  which  .sessions  are  held. 

Sessi6ne/!;  i.  as  E.     z.  conference. 
•Sessitura  /   (L.   sessitare,  fret/,    of  seiiere)  ; 
i.  =  Piega,   flounce,  broad   hem  at  the  bottom  of  a 
garment,     ii.  =  Giudizio,  sense. 

Sesso  m.  (A)  (L.  sexus,  prob.  akin 
to  secare,  to  cut,  therefore  //'/.  division) ; 
sex.  *(B)  =  Sedere  (5). 


Sessolay:;  =  Sassola,  bailer. 
Sessual-e  ;  sexual.     Aff.  -ita. 

S£sta/  (L.  sextus);  i.  (eccl.)  sext,  one 
of  the  canonical  Hours,  v.  Canonico  (3). 
2.  (mus.)  sixth.  3.  in  fencing,  one  of 
the  forms  of  parry,  Fr.  sixte.  4.  v.  Seste. 
5.  =  Sagoma,  templet ;  —  della  prua, 
moulding  of  a  vessel's  stem. 

Sestante  m.  (L.);  i.  (hist.)  sixth  part  of  the 
ancient  Roman  as.  2.  sextant,  so  called  because 
the  pointer  is  limited  in  its  movement  to  the  sixth 
part  of  a  circle. 

*  Sestare  ;  =  Assestare,  to  adjust. 

Sestario  in.  (L.);  (hist.)  sextarius,  the  sixth 
part  of  a  congius,  v.  Congio. 

S&ste f.pl.\  i.  compasses.  2.  Arte 
delle  — ,  architecture.  3.  Aver  le  — 
negli  occhi,  to  be  a  good  judge  of 
measurements.  4.  (Cosa)  fatta  colle 
— ,  made  with  great  care,  or  iron,  with 
over-great  care.  5.  (Parlar)  colle  — , 
pedantically.  6.  scherz.  pair  of  long 
legs.  7.  A  sesta,  =  Colle  seste,  v. 
supra  (4). 

Etynt.  Prob.  <  L.  sextus,  sixth,  the  meaning  of 
"compasses"  being  due  to  the  fact  that  when  opened 
to  the  extent  of  sixty  degrees,  the  feet  of  the  compass 
will  be  separated  by  a  distance  equal  to  the  chord  of 
a  sixth  part  of  the  circle  which  would  be  traced  by 
rotating  one  of  them  round  the  other  as  a  centre,  as 
in  the  construction  of  the  first  proposition  of  Euclid. 
There  is  an  alternative  suggestion  by  Korting  of  its 
being  a  contracted  vbsb.  of  L.  sessitare,  i'.  Sessitura. 

Sesterzio  m.  (L.);  sesterce,  the  ancient  Roman 
coin. 

Seste'tto  m. ;  (mus.)  sextette. 

Sestiere  m.  (L.  sextarius,  cp.  Ses- 
tario) ;  one  of  the  six  divisions  formerly 
made  of  Florence,  Venice  and  other 
cities. 

Sestiga  f.  (coined  on  the  model  of  Quadriga) ; 
six-horse  chariot. 

*  Sestile  tn. ;  i.  sextile,  the  position  of  two  planets 
sixty  degrees  apart,    ii.  the  month  of  August,    iii.  Di 
— ,  obliquely. 

Sestina  /  ;  i.  stanza  of  six  verses 
rhyming  the  first  with  the  third,  second 
with  fourth,  fifth  with  sixth.  2.  a  lyric 
of  six  stanzas  of  six  verses  each  not 
rhymed,  but  with  a  complicated  con- 
nection of  repetitions  between  the 
stanzas,  the  last  word  of  each  line 
being  repeated  in  one  of  the  lines  of 
the  stanza  following. 

Sestino  m. ;  a  small-sized  brick  ten 
centimetres  in  width. 

Sest-o  (A)  ;//.  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps 
<  L.  sessitare,  v.  Seste) ;  i.  good  order, 
good  arrangement ;  Mettere  in  — ,  to 
put  tidy ;  Levare,  Cavare  di  — ,  to 
upset  (a  speaker),  disarrange  his  ideas. 
2.  right  size  or  shape  ;  Finestre  fuori  di 
— ,  windows  disproportionate  (to  the 
building).  3.  model,  design ;  Un  edi- 
fizio  di  quel  —  non  era  possibile,  such 
a  building  as  that  was  impossible. 
4.  (mar.)  —  or  Sesta,  =  Garbo,  gauge, 
shape,  model,  e.g.  for  a  rudder.  5.  form, 
of  a  book,  whether  folio,  quarto,  octavo, 
and  so  on.  6.  (arch.)  curvature  of  an 
arch  or  vault;  A  tutto  — ,  or  Di  tutto 
— ,  built  upon  one  curve;  —  di  mezzo 
acuto,  curve  of  an  arch  coming  to  a 
point  in  the  middle ;  Archi  di  grande 
— ,  arches  built  on  a  bold  curve ;  (Archi) 
di  piccol  — ,  sharply  curved.  7.  Angolo 
a  —  acuto,  sharp  angle. 

*  i.  =  Riparo,  remedy ;  Come  pu6  il  Saracin  ritrovar 


—  Di  finir  con  su'  onore  i!  fiero  invito?  what  means 
can  the  Saracen  find  for  honourably  cancelling  the 
proud  invitation?  Ariosto,  Orl.  Fur.  23.  85,  ii.  Tor- 
nare  a  — ,  to  answer  the  purpose,  iii.  =  Seste, 
compasses ;  Colui  che  volse  il  —  all'  estremo  del 
mondo,  he  who  moulded  the  limits  of  the  round 
world,  lit.  lie  who  rotated  his  compasses  at  the  end 
of  the  world,  D.  Par.  19.  41. 

(B)  (L. sextus);  i.  sixth.  2.  — caso, 
the  ablative  case.  3.  (eccl.)  Ora  -a,  one 
of  the  canonical  Hours,  sext,  v.  Ca- 
nonico (3),  and  the  note  under  Ora ; 
Mezza  -a,  half-past  ten.  4.  as  sb.,  sixth 
part.  5.  the  sixth  book  on  canon  law, 
added  by  Boniface  VIII  to  the  five  of 
Gregory  XI.  6.  as  adv.,  sixthly. 

*i.  =  Sestiere,  quarter  of  a  city,  D.  Par.   16.  41. 
ii.   tax. 

Sestodecimo  ;  =  Sedicesimo,  sixteenth. 

*  Sestone  m. ;  =  Lungo  raggio, 

*  Sestoque  ;  sckerz.  for  Utroque. 
Sestultimo  ;  sixth  from  the  end. 

Sestuplo  (L.) ;  six-fold. 

S6ta  f.  (bit.  seta,  <  L.  saeta,  strong 
hair  of  an  animal,  akin  to  A.S.  sada, 
cord,  O.H.G.  seid,  seita,  >  Germ.  Saite, 
violin  string,  root  sai,  to  bind) ;  silk. 
-  minerale,  amianth,  a  variety  of 
asbestos. 

*i.  =Sete,  thirst,     ii.  =Setola,  bristle. 
*Setaccio  HI.  ;  =  Staccio,  sieve. 

Setaceo;  silky. 

Setaidla/ ;  (ornitk.)='i\go\o  giallo, 
yellow-hammer. 

Setaiblo  m. ;  silk  merchant. 

*  Setanasso  ;«.;  =  Satanasso. 
•Setatayl;  great  thirst. 

S6te_/i  (L.  si/is,  akin  to  situs,  wast- 
ing, Gr.  (ftdiirts,  Sanskr.  ksitis,  perishing, 
v.  infra,  Sito,  B);  i.  thirst.  2.  Aver  — , 
of  wooden  furniture,  to  need  varnishing. 

Seterfa  /;  i.  silk-stuffs.  2.  silk 
factory. 

Seticoltura  / ;  =  Sericoltura. 

Setiffcio  m. ;  silk  factory. 

Setino  m.;   I.  fine  silk  for  mending. 

2.  silk  cloth  hung  on  church  doors  on 
festival   days.     3.    (tot.)  a  plant   with 
long  filaments,  Conferva  amphibia,  also 
termed  Tremella. 

Se"tol-a/  (bit.  **setula,  dim.  of  seta, 
v.  Seta);  i.  bristle.  2.  coarse  hair. 

3.  crack  in  the  skin,  or  in  a  horse's 
hoof,  cp.  Pelo  (4).     4.   (hot.)  =Setolone. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -e'tta  -ma  dims. 

*Setol-are  ;  =  -inare. 

Setolinaio  m. ;  brush-maker. 
Setolin-are  ind.  setolino;  to  brush. 
Aff.  -ata. 

Setolinario  m. ;  brush-maker. 

Setolino  m. ;  i.  scrubbing-brush. 
2.  hat-brush. 

Setolonc  m. ;  i.  (bat.)  =  Equiseto. 
2.  (vet.)  sand-crack. 

Setol-6so,  -uto ;  v.  Setola  (3). 

Set6ne  m.  (augm.  based  upon  L. 
seta,  bristle) ;  (surg.)  seton,  artificial 
irritation  kept  up  under  the  skin. 

Setta/  ( A)  ( L.  secta,  <  base  of  sequor, 
to  follow);  i.  sect.  2.  league,  faction. 

(B) ;  (geogr.)  the  city  of  Ceuta,  the 
ancient  Septa,  in  Africa,  opposite 
Gibraltar. 


56° 


SETTAGONO— SFATARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginni 

Sett-agono,  -angolo  m. ;  septagon. 
Aff.  -angolare. 

Settant-a  (L.,  v.  Venti) ;  seventy. 
Aff.  -enne  seventy  years  of  age,  -esimo 
seventieth,  -fna  number  of  about  seventy. 

Sett-arip ;  factious.  Aff.  -at6re, 
-atrice  partisan. 

S6tt-e  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ; 
i.  seven.  2.  tear  or  gash  in  the  shape 
of  a  seven,  esp.  that  of  the  German 
duelling  clubs.  3.  (print.}  Corpo  — , 
one  of  the  sizes  of  type.  4.  as  an  excl., 
to  startle  a  person,  Corpo  di  — ,  look 
out !  5.  Tre  -i,  v.  Tressetti.  6.  —  di 
vino,  of  an  obstinate  person,  v.  Vino  (4). 
7.  —  mio,  tuo,...,  so  much  the  better 
for  me,  you,...;  Per  ora  e  —  vostro: 
vedremo  poi,  it  may  be  your  turn  now, 
but  wait  a  bit.  8.  Non  dar  ne  in  —  n£ 
in  sei,  to  be  undecided.  9.  Senza  dir 
ne  —  ne  otto,  all  of  a  sudden,  v.  supra 
(4).  10.  Far  un  sett'  a  levare,  to  say 
something  by  way  of  seeing  how  a  pro- 
posal is  likely  to  be  received,  n.  II 
-  bello,  or  absol.  II  — ,  at  the  game 
of  Scopa,  the  seven  of  hearts  (or  of 
diamonds  as  may  be  agreed  upon), 
which  counts  one  point.  12.  -  -  e 
mezzo,  a  card  game  where  the  object 
is  to  make  as  nearly  as  possible  seven 
and  a  half  but  not  to  exceed  it. 

ti.   Far — ,  to  get  in  a  rage.     ii.  Reggere,  Tenere 
il  — ,  =  Fare  il  mezzano. 

Settecent-o  ;  seven  hundred.  II  — ,  the 
eighteenth  century.  Aff.  -esimo. 

*  Setteggiare  ;  v.  Setta. 
Settembre  (L.) ;  September. 

*Settembr-eccia,  -esca  or  -ia  f.;~  Autunno. 

Settembrino  ;  of  September.  Vino  — ,  poor 
wine.  Pigliar  il  — ,  to  get  a  sharp,  thin  taste. 

Settemplice  ;  seven-fold. 
*Settenay;;  seven  days'  penance. 

Settenario;  i.  of  seven.  2.  as  sb., 
verse  of  seven  syllables.  3.  period  of 
seven  years. 

Settennale ;  septennial. 

Settennato  m. ;  seven-year  period. 

Settenne ;  seven  years  old,  or  of 
that  duration. 

Sett&nnio  HI.  ;  term  of  seven  years. 

Settentri6n-e  m.  (L.  septem  triones, 
lit.  seven  thrashing  oxen,  trio  being  for 
**terio,  <  the  stem  of  terere,  to  rub,  but 
not  used  except  in  the  combination 
septem  triones,  the  constellation  of 
Charles'  Wain,  or  by  ext.,  the  North) ; 
the  North.  Aff.  -ale  adj. 

Settenvir-o  (Settemviro)  ;«.  ;  (Rom.  hist.) 
septemvir,  one  of  a  board  of  seven  magistrates. 
Aff.  -ale,  -ato. 

Setticlavio  m. ;  (MHS.)  the  seven  keys,  viz. 
basso,  violino,  baritono,  soprano,  mezzo  soprano, 
contralto,  tenore. 

Settico  (Gr.  o-r/n-o),  to  rot) ;  septic, 
infective. 

Sett|c6rdo  m. ;  heptachord. 
Settifdrme  ;  seven-fold. 

*  Settile  (L.) ;  (crop)  ready  for  cutting. 

S&ttima/;  i.  (mus.)  septet.  2.(eccl.) 
office  for  the  dead  said  seven  days  after 
a  death. 

Settiman-a  /  (bit.  septimana,  <  L. 
septimus,  cp.  Fr.  semaine);  \.  week. 


'ng  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word 

2.  by  ext.,  week's  pay.  3.  Gli  e  lui  di 
— ,  it  is  his  affair.  4.  —  mosaica,  seven 
years.  Aff.  -ale,  -alme'nte. 

Settimello;  i.  Bambino  — ,  seven 
months'  child.  2.  at  Calabresella,  = 
Gioco  di  sette  date. 

Settimestre ;  of  seven  months. 

Settimino  »/. ;  i.  (mus.)  piece  for 
seven  voices.  2.  pop.  a  drink  costing 
seven  quattrini  or  centesimi. 

Settimo  (L.  septimus) ;  seventh.  As 
si.,  seventh  part.  As  adv.,  seventhly. 

*  Settinay. ;  a  number  of  about  seven. 

*  Settino  m. ;  shtttim  wood,  the  material  of  the 
Ark  of  the  Tabernacle,  prob.  Acacia  seyal. 

Settinsulare ;  Governo  — ,  the  British  pro- 
tectorate of  the  Ionian  islands,  terminated  in  1860. 

Settireme  ;  with  seven  banks  of  oars. 

Settizdnio  tn. ;  building  seven  stories  high  with 
a  different  cornice  to  each. 

Setto  m.  (A)  (L.  saeptum);  (anal.)  septum. 
—  trasverso,  the  diaphragm.  *(B)  (L.  Sfctus); 
divided. 

Settore  m. ;  i.  sector,  a.  —  articolato,  link- 
motion,  a  valve-gear  by  which  the  motion  of  an 
engine  may  be  reversed  ;  —  d'  inversione,  slide-valve 
link.  3.  (fftar.)  —  del  timone,  quadrant-tiller.  4.  — 
o  barchetta  del  solcometro,  log-ship,  v.  Paascb,  Diz. 
Mar.  plate  107.  4. 

Settotrasvcrso  HI.  ;  v.  Setto. 

Settuagenario ;  septuagenarian. 
Settuagesimo  ;     i.  =  Settantesimo. 
2.    (eccl.)  as  E. 

Settuplo  ;  seven  times  as  great. 

*  Seudo,  prefix  •  —  Pseudo-, 
Sever-o;asE.    Etym.   L.,  prob.  <se,  without 

(v.  supra,  Se-),  and  **vtrt>,  respect,  as  in  vereor'. 
the  sense  of  respect-less  passing  into  ruthless.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ita. 

Sevizia  /  (L.,  <  saevus,  akin  to 
Lettish  sews,  sharp,  terrible,  Gothic 
sair,  E.  sore);  savagery. 

S&vo  m.  (A)  (L.  sebum) ;  =  Sego, 
suet.  *(B)  (L.);  cruel. 

"Sevro  ;=Scevro,  sundered. 
*Sevvi;  =  Vi  sei,  thou  art  there. 

Sezionare  ind.  seziono;  i.  to  divide 
into  sections.  2.  to  dissect. 

Sezidne  /  (L.,  <  secare,  to  cut,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Secant) ;  i.  section.  2.  dis- 
section. 3.  (astr.)  —  invernale,  point 
of  intersection  of  the  ecliptic  and 
equator  corresponding  to  the  vernal 
equinox. 

*Sezzaio  (It.  sezzo);  last,  D.  Par.  18.  93. 

*  Sezzo  (L.  stcius,  worse,  a  comparative  of  secus, 
inferior,  ///.  following  after,  <  the  root  of  sequ-or,  to 

follow) ;  last. 

Sfaccend-are  ind.  sfaccendo;  i.  to 
make  haste,  work  hard.  2.  part,  -ato, 
with  no  occupation.  In  sense  (i)  the  s 
is  intensive,  v.  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Sfaccett-are  ind.  sfaccdtto ;  to  form 
the  facets.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sfacchinare  ind.  sfacchfno ;  to  work 
like  a  porter. 

Sfacci-are  (obsolete  except  in  part. 
-ato,  y.f.);  =  -ettare. 

Sfacciat-o ;  i.  shameless.  2.  of 
colour,  staring;  La  luce  -a  schiaccia  i 
rilievi,  too  staring  a  light  crushes  the 
reliefs.  3.  (vet.)  with  a  large  white 
patch  on  the  forehead,  of  a  horse. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine,  -ame'nte, 
-ello  dim.  vezz.,  -6ne  augm. 


;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 
Sfacciatura  / ;  v.  Sfacciato  (3). 

Sfacelo  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  o-r£dicfXos,  gan- 
grene); I.  (tned.)  gangrene.  2.  fig. 
utter  ruin,  Fr.  de'bdcle. 

Sfacimento  m. ;  undoing. 

Sfagiolare  ind.  sfagiolo ;  =  Andare  a 
fagiolo.  Sara  bello  ma  non  mi  sfagiola 
punto,  it  may  be  very  fine  but  does  not 
suit  me  at  all. 

Sfagli-are ;  to  discard.    Aff.  -o  sb. 

Sfagno  tn.',  (hot.)  bog  moss,  Spkagnum. 
t  Sfalconata /.;  flying  into  a  passion. 

Sfalda/;  flake. 

Sfald-are;  i.  to  cut  into  slices,  to 
scale,  -arsi :  2.  to  flake  off.  3.  to  ex- 
foliate. 4.  to  fall  to  pieces.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sfaldellare  ind.  sfaldello;  to  shred 
down. 

Sfall-ire  ind.  -isco  (Sfallare) ;  intens. 
Fallire,  to  make  a  false  step. 

tSfallo  m.;  at  cards,  suit  of  which  one  has  none. 
tSfalomerare  ;  to  disappear  like  a  shadow. 

Sfaloppare  ind.  sfaloppo ;  to  remove 
the  bad  cocoons. 

Sfalsare ;  in  fencing,  to  parry. 

Sfam-are ;  to  feed,  satisfy.  Aff. 
-atura. 

*Sfanfanare  (v.  Fanfano);=Struggere,  Disfare, 
Consumare,  e  propriamente  Avvampare,  to  melt, 
undo,  consume,  break  out  into  flame.  Mi  sento  — 
d'  amore,  I  am  all  aflame  with  love. 

Sfangare;  i.  to  get  across  the  mud. 

2.  fig.  to  get  through  somehow ;    S'  e 
messo  a  tradurre  Lucrezio  ma  non  ce 
la  sfanga,  he  has  set  to  work  on  trans- 
lating Lucretius  but  he  won't  manage  it. 

Sfare  ;  =  Disfare,  to  undo.  See  also 
Sfatto  in  loco. 

Sfarfall-are ;  i.  to  develop  into  a 
moth  or  butterfly.  2.  to  flutter  like  a 
butterfly,  to  wander  aimlessly  about. 

3.  Prov.   Chi   fa,  falla   e   chi   non    fa, 
sfarfalla,   action   means    mistakes   and 
inaction  uselessness.     4.  -ato,  damaged 
by  weevils,  Farfallini.     5.    of  a  flower, 
to  come  into  full  bloom.     Aff.  -atura. 

Sfarfalldne  m. ;  intens.  Farfallone, 
q.v. 

Sfarin-are  ind.  sfarino ;  to  fall  into 
powder.  (Patate)  che -ano,  mealy.  Aff. 
-abile,  -acciareyr^.,  -am^nto. 

Sfarz-o  m. ;  pomp,  vain  display. 
Aff.  -osame'nte,  -osita,  -6so. 

Etym.  Span,  disfraz,  masquerader's  dress, 
whence  the  idea  of  sumptuous  display.  Disfraz  is 
a  vbsb.  of  disfrazar,  to  disguise,  cogn.  to  Portug. 
disfarzar,  <.dis-  andfarsa',Jarsei  is  a  word  common 
to  the  Romance  languages,  ''.  supra,  Farsa. 

Sfasci-are;  i.  to  undo  the  bandages 
of.  2.  to  dismantle.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Sfascio  m. ;  i.  undoing.  2.  fig.  ruin. 
3.  Cadere  di  — ,  to  have  a  terrible  fall. 

Sfasciume  m. ;  quantity  of  broken 
rubbish. 

*  Sfastidiare  ;  to  lose  distaste  for. 

Sfat-are ;  to  show  contempt  or  dis- 
like for,  lit.  to  remove  the  glamour  of. 
Aff.  -aminto,  -atame'nte. 


SFATATO— SFIORATO 


561 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

tSfatato;  inattentive. 

Sfaticato;  =  Scansafatiche,  lazy. 

Sfattkcio  m. ;  ploughed-up  stubble.  Sferz-a  / ;   whip,     -are 


Sfervorato ; 
cool. 


Sfatto;  i.  part.  Sfare.     2.  flabby. 

*  Sfavata  /  ;=  Millanteria,  swagger. 

Sfavato  ;  shelled  out  of  the  pod. 

Sfavill-are ;  to  flash,  to  sparkle. 
Aff.  -amento,  -antemente,  -10  freq.  sb. 

Sfavbr-e,  -evole,  -evolmente,  -ire  ; 
disfavour,  etc. 

Sfederare  ind.  sfedero;  to  take  off 
the  pillow-case. 

Sfegat-arsi  ind.  rni  sfegato;  i.  to 
exert  oneself,  ///.  to  burst  one's  liver. 
2.  part,  -ato,  passionate,  devoted. 

*  Sfelato  ;  =  Trafe!alo,  breathless. 
tSfelciare;  to  take  oneself  quickly  away. 

Sfeltr-irsi  ind.  -isco ;  of  ground,  to 
lose  its  turf. 

Sfemminellare  ind.  sfemminello ;  to 
remove  the  side  shoots. 

Sfend-ere ;  intens.  Fendere,  to  split. 
Aff.  -itura. 

Sfenisco  >«.;  (ornitk.)  jackass  penguin,  Spke- 
niscns. 

Sfeno  m.  (Gr.  trfyriv,  wedge) ;  sphene,  a  soft 
greenish  mineral. 

Sftr-a/  (L.,<Gr.  <r<£alpa) ;  I.  sphere. 
2.  science  of  astronomy,  use  of  the 
globes.  3.  (eccl.)  —  dell'  ostensorio, 
disk  of  a  monstrance  where  the  sym- 
bolical ornaments  are  placed. 

Aff.  -etta  dim.,  -icamente,  -icita,  -ico. 

Sferire  ;  (mar.)  to  unbend  (a  sail),  remove  it 
from  the  yard.  —  un  paranco,  to  unreeve  a  tackle, 
HSU.  Dispassare. 

Sferisterio  m. ;  (Gr.)  court  for  ball-games. 

Sferocbcco  m. ;  (bat.)  a  genus  of  seaweed, 
Spkatrococcits. 

Sferoid-ale  adj.,  -e  f.;  as  E. 

Sfer6metro  m. ;  instrument  for  measuring  the 
curvature  of  a  lens. 

*  Sferone  m. ;  a  kind  of  fishing-net 

Sferra  / ;  old  horse-shoe.  -  vec- 
chia,  v.  Sferravecchie. 

Sferraiolare ;  to  pull  off  the  cloak, 
v.  Ferraiolo. 

tSferranare;  =  Andarc    in   erba   per   troppo    ri- 
goglio. 

Sferr-are  ind.  sferro;  i.  to  unshoe  ; 
-arsi,  to  cast  a  shoe.  2.  to  strike  the 
irons  off  a  prisoner.  3.  to  draw  out 
the  head  of  a  javelin  or  the  like  from  a 
wound.  4.  (poet.)  -arsi  dall'  arcione,  to 
be  unseated.  5.  -arsi,  fig.  to  break 
loose.  6.  (mar.)  intr.  to  be  driven 
from  anchorage.  7.  of  ships  in  con- 
sort; -arsi,  to  part  company  in  a  gale. 
8.  to  weigh  anchor  (properly,  Salpare). 

*  Sferratoia  /;=  Feritoia,  loop-hole. 
*Sferrato-io,   -re    m.\   violent  (wind),  v.  Sfer- 

rare  (7). 

Sferr-aturay?;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Sferravecchiare  ind.  sferravecchio; 
to  rummage,  lit.  to  search  in  a  heap  of 
old  iron,  cp.  Scavizzolare. 

Sferravecchie  ///• ;  scrap  iron. 

Sferrlna/.  ;  =  Sorta  di  treppiede  tra- 
forato,  con  manico,  per  reggere  il  ferro 
da  stirare,  stand  for  a  flat-iron. 

Sferruzzato ;  too  much  calcined, 
over-baked  (lime). 

H. 


with    no   enthusiasm, 

to  whip, 
scourge. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  "JiUaziM  (>Germ.  filzen,  to 
scold)  with  intensive  prefix  s-  ;Jil!azaH  is  an  intensive 
<  O.  H.G.  fitlati,  to  flay,  hence  to  chastise,  root  pel, 
skin,  cp.  E.  fell  in  Fellmonger,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fell, 
Film. 

Sferzat-a  f.;  i.  cut  with  a  whip. 
2.  fig.  punishment.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Sferzina  /;  the  draw-line  of  a 
certain  kind  of  net,  v.  Bilancelle. 

Sferzi no,  Sverzino  m. ;  i .  lash  at 
the  end  of  a  whip.  2.  whip-cord. 

Sfeso  in. ;  (shoem.)  leather  not  sewn  right 
through. 

*  Sfesso  ;  i.  part.  Sfendere.     ii.  =  Fesso,  crack. 
*Sfetteggiare;  to  cut  into  Fette,  slices. 

Sfiaccol-are  ind.  sfiaccolo ;  I.  of  a 
lamp,  to  flare.  2.  part.  -ato=  Dinocco- 
lato,  worn  out. 

Sfiamm-are,  -icare ;  to  blaze  up. 

Sfianc-are;  i.  to  cave  in.  2.  of  an 
artery  or  other  internal  organ,  to  give 
way,  burst.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*  Sfiandronata  f. ;  bragging. 

Sflat-are;  i.  of  an  air-chamber,  to 
leak.  2.  Fare  — ,  to  make  one  out  of 
breath ;  -arsi,  to  become  breathless  from 
shouting.  3.  (mar.)  of  a  pump,  to  suck, 
e.g.  from  the  rolling  of  the  ship.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atoio  air-hole,  -atura,  -o  vent. 

Sflbbi-are;  i.  to  unbuckle.  2.  fig. 
to  let  fly,  e.g.  a  lot  of  impertinence. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Sfibbi-atura/ ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  Fare 
una  —  al  ferro,  =  Assottigliarlo  in  punta, 
to  sharpen  the  point. 

Sflbr-are;  i.  to  weaken  the  fibres 
of.  2.  fig.  to  enervate.  Aff.  -amento. 

*  Sficcare  ;-Sconficcare,  to  undo, 
t  Sficurire  ;  =  Sfigurare. 

Sfida  f. ;  challenge,  usu.  to  a  duel. 

Sfid-are ;  i.  to  challenge.  2.  to 
defy.  3.  to  be  confident.  4.  part,  -ato, 
timorous. 

*  i.  =  Disanimare,  to  discourage,     ii.  =  Diffidare,  to 
distrust,     iii.  part,  -ato,  of  a  sick  person,  given  up. 
Aff.  -atczza  diffidence,  -atore. 

Sfidiici-a/;  distrust,  -are;  to  dis- 
courage. 

Sflenare  ind.  sfieno ;  to  remove  the 
grass  from  a  corn-sheaf. 

Sflgliol-are  ind.  sfigliolo ;  to  throw 
up  new  shoots.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sfigur-are;  i.  to  look  bad.  2.  tr. 
to  disfigure.  3.  part,  -ato,  transfigured, 
disguised. 

Sflgurito ;  with  changed  features. 

Sfilacci-are,  Sfllaccic-are ;  to  fray 
out,  as  an  old  handkerchief,  -ato  chafed. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Sfilaccio  m.  ;=Filaccio,  rope-yarn. 

Sfil-are;  i.  to  march  past.  2.  tr.  to 
unthread,  unhitch,  slip  off.  3.  -  -  la 
corona,  fig.  to  say  a  lot  of  things  against 
a  person.  4.  to  administer,  e.g.  blows, 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

successively.  5.  to  break  the  back  of, 
v.  Filo  (15).  6.  to  turn  the  edge  of, 
e.g.  a  razor.  7.  -arsi  la  corona,  of  the 
teeth,  to  drop  out  one  after  another. 
8.  -arsi,  to  become  unravelled.  9.  -arsi 
dietro  a  uno,  to  slip  behind  him.  10.  -ar- 
sela,  to  take  oneself  off. 

*to  paint,  e.g.  hair,  so  that  each  hair  can  be 
separately  distinguished. 

Sfilata/;  i.  long  string.  2.  (mil.) 
march  past.  3.  Alia  — ,  successively. 

Sfllatam^nte;  in  a  disorderly  fashion. 

Sfllatura/;  i.  v.  Sfilare.  2.  setting 
out  in  a  straight  line. 

Sfileggiare  ;  (mar.)  i.y.  Fileggiare,  to  shiver. 

Sfilosofare  ind.  sfilosofo;  spreg.  to  philoso- 
phise. 

Sfilunguellare  ///,/.  sfilunguello ;  to  run  off 
(phrases). 

Sfilzare ;  to  detach  from  a  line,  v. 
Infilzare. 

Sfingardaggine/. ;  pop.  for  Infingar- 
daggine,  sloth. 

Sflnge/  (Gr.) ;  i.  Sphinx.  2.  sphinx 
moth. 

Sfin-ire  ind.  -isco  (intens.  Finire,  as 
it  were  to  end  one's  life);  i.  to  faint. 
2.  part,  -ito,  exhausted.  Aff.  -imento, 
-ite'zza. 

Sflntere  m.  (Gr.,  <  <r0i'yyo>,  to 
strangle) ;  (anat.)  sphincter. 

Sfiocc-are  ind.  sfiocco  -hi;  i.  to 
unravel  so  as  to  form  a  tassel.  2.  of  a 
cloud,  to  separate  into  pieces.  *to 
ornament  with  tassels.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sfiocinare  ind.  sfiocino  (A) ;  to  re- 
move the  skins  and  pips,  v.  Fiocine. 

(B);  (mar.)  (a)  to  take  off  from  the 
harpoon,  (b)  to  remove  the  harpoon, 
(c)  to  strike  hard  with  the  harpoon. 
V.  Fiocina. 

Sfiocine  m. ;  (bot.)  wild  ilex,  v.  Lec- 
ciastrella. 

Sfiond-are  ind.  sfidndo ;  to  throw 
from  a  sling.  *-atura,  fig.  a  lie. 

Sfior-are  ind.  sfioro;  i.  to  pick  off 
the  flowers  from  a  plant,  or  the  cream 
or  upper  surface  of  a  thing,  in  any  sense 
of  the  word  Fiore.  2.  fig.  to  take  the 
best  of;  Dolori  che  -ano  la  gioventu, 
sorrows  which  spoil  the  happiness  of 
young  life ;  Con  poche  lire  ho  -ato 
le  frutte  di  mercato,  for  a  few  francs 
I  got  all  the  best  fruit  there  was.  3.  Si 
-a,  the  best  is  obtainable,  is  to  be 
had  :  only  said  when  coupled  with  a 
price  ;  Oggi  a  olio  con  cinque  franchi 
il  fiasco  si  -a,  oil  is  now  to  be  had 
of  the  best  quality  for  five  francs  a 
bottle.  4.  to  graze.  5.  fig.  to  touch 
upon  ;  Appena  ha  -ato  il  suo  argo- 
mento  e  s  e  perduto  in  divagamenti,  he 
had  scarcely  entered  upon  his  subject 
before  he  lost  himself  in  irrelevant 
matters ;  Riso  che  -a  il  labbro,  a  faint 
smile  about  the  lips.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sfiorato  m. ;  in  paper-making,  the 
finest  pulp,  that  which  has  been  three 
times  pulped. 

71 


562 


SFIORENTINARE— SFORZATO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

to      well  developed,  able  to  sing  high  notes. 


Sflorentinare  ind.   sfiorentino  ; 
lose  the  Florentine  features. 

Sfiorettare  ind.  sfiore'tto;  i.  =  Sfio- 
rare  (2).  2.  to  use  very  flowery  language. 

Sfior-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  fade.  2.  to 
cease  flowering;  Le  rose  ormai  sfiori- 
scono,  the  roses  are  now  fading,  or  the 
rose-trees  have  now  done  flowering. 

3.  i.q.  Sfiorare  (3);    A   sedici   lire,  in 
fatto  di  grano  si  puo  sfiorire,  the  best 
quality  of  wheat  is  to  be  had  for  sixteen 
francs.     4.    (mar.)  —  un  pennone,  to 
unbend  a  sail  from  a  yard. 

Sfioritura  /;  I.  dropping  of  the 
blossom.  2.  the  fallen  blossom. 

Sfioss-are  ind.  sfi&sso  ;  (skoem.)  to  form  the 
arch  of  a  boot,  v,  Fiosso.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sfirena  f.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <r<f>vpaii-a) ;  sea-pike, 
Sphyraena  vulgaris,  locally  termed  Merluzzo  set. 
vatico,  Luzzo  di  mare. 

Sfirna  f.  (contr.  of  Sfirena);  —  martelio, 
hammer-headed  shark,  Zyeaena  viilgaris,  locally 
termed  Pesce  martelio,  Marteau,  Ribello,  ^Pesce 
stampella,  Giannetto,  Magnosa,  Capo  de  chiuovo, 
Testone,  Pesce  giudeo,  Crozza. 

Sflssare ;  to  cancel  (an  engagement). 

Sfitt-are;  i.  to  keep  empty  (a  room 
which  is  usually  let).  2.  -arsi,  to  remain 
unlet.  3.  prov.  Chi  affitta  sfitta,  i.e.  to 
let  a  farm  is  to  ruin  it. 

Sfittonare  ind.  Sfittono ;  i.  to  clear 
ground  of  stubs.  2.  to  pare  a  horse's 
hoof  clown  to  the  quick,  v.  Fittone. 

Sflagellare ;  v.  Sfragellare. 

Sflemmare;  v.  Deflemmare. 
•Sfocato;  cooled. 

Sfoci-are  ind.  sfocio  ;  to  open  out, 
e.g.  the  mouth  of  a  river.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Sfocon-are  ind.  sfocono;  i.  to  stir 
the  fire.  2.  part,  -ato,  with  the  vent 
worn  and  too  large,  -v.  Focone  (2). 

Sfoder-are  ind.  sfbdero ;  i.  to  un- 
sheath.  2.  iron,  to  make  a  display,  e.g. 
of  learning.  Aff.  -amento. 

Sfog-are  ind.  sfogo  -hi;  i.  to  give 
vent  to.  2.  inlr.  to  pass  out  freely;  II 
cammino  non  -a  bene,  the  chimney 
does  not  draw  well.  3.  of  plants,  to  be 
luxuriant ;  Quell'  innesto  -a  troppo  in 
su,  that  graft  is  growing  too  strongly; 
Grano  che  -a  in  paglia,  corn  which  is 
throwing  all  its  strength  into  the  straw. 

4.  -arsi,  to  let  oneself  out,  satisfy  one's 
wish ;  Si  -6  con  me  della  sua  disgrazia, 
he  relieved  his  feelings  by  telling  me 
all  about  his  misfortune ;  Non  mangio 
altro,  mi  sono  -ato  in  ceci,  I   will  not 
have  anything  more  to  eat ;  I  have  had 
all  I  want  with  these  chick  peas.  5.  -arsi, 
of  a  wound,  to  suppurate  freely.   6.  part. 
-ato,  v.  infra,  in  loco.     Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atame'nte. 

Etym.  dub.  but  of  L.  origin.  Either  (i)<L. 
faux,  through  It.  fauci  or  foce,  (2)  <  L.  fltga, 
through  It.  foga,  or  (j)<  L.  focits,  through  It.  foco. 
For  the  prefixed  $  see  6",  p.  521,  §  3. 

Sfogat-o ;  i.  part.  Sfogare.  As  adj.: 
2.  Luogo  — ,  airy  place.  3.  carried  out ; 
-a  pienamente  la  sua  lettera  d'  ieri, 
his  letter  of  yesterday  having  been 
carried  fully  into  effect.  4.  of  the  voice, 


Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Sfogat6io  m. ;  outlet,  air-hole. 

Sfoggi-are  ind.  sfbggio  sfoggi ;  to 
flaunt,  or  intr.  to  be  ostentatious,  -aria, 
to  play  the  swell.  Aff.  -atame'nte. 

Sfbggio  m.;  i.  ostentation.  2.  abun- 
dance; Si  crede  un  Adone  ma  non  c'  e 
sfoggi,  he  thinks  himself  an  Adonis,  but 
it  does  not  amount  to  much. 

tSfogio  »!.;=Sogliola,  sole  (fish). 

Sfbgli-a/;  i.  foil,  metal  beaten  out 
into  a  thin  leaf.  2.  A  -e,  in  flakes,  as 
an  onion.  3.  Sfoglie  or  Sfogli  =  Car- 
tocci,  scrolls.  4.  Pasta  — ,  thin  flakes 
of  pastry.  5.  =  Sogliola,  sole  (fish). 

Sfogliami  m.  pi.  \  shavings  of  metal. 

Sfogli-are  ind.  sfbglio ;  i.  to  strip  off 
leaves.  2.  to  turn  over  the  leaves  of  (a 
book)  to  glance  through  it.  3.  --  le 
carte,  to  draw  cards  from  a  pack  one 
by  one.  4.  -arsi,  to  flake  off,  as  a  cigar 
which  is  too  dry.  5.  Paste  -ate,  i.q. 
Sfoglie,  thin  flakes  of  pastry. 

*  =  Disseccare,  to  dry  up.     Che  si  vi  sfoglia  ? 
what  makes  you  so  thin  ?   D.   Purg.  23.  58. 

Sfogli-ata  / ;  v.  -are  (2)  and  (5). 
-atura/  ;  v.  -are.  -£tta/. ;  dim.  of  -a. 
-6so ;  flaky. 

Sfogliazzo  w.;  =  Scartafaccio,  waste- 
book. 

Sfognare  ind.  sfogno ;  to  flow  into, 
or  emerge  from,  a  sewer. 

•i.  fif.  schei-z.  to  be  born.  tii.  to  beat  clothes 
when  washing  at  a  stream. 

Sfogo  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Sfogare. 
2.  Sfoghi  di  gioventu,  skin  eruptions 
occurring  in  young  people.  3.  —  d'  un 
arco,  d'  un  porticato,  d'  una  stanza,  the 
height  of  it.  4.  Dare  —  a  un  affare, 
to  conduct  a  piece  of  business  (in  an 
office) ;  Dare  —  a  una  lettera,  to  carry 
out  the  instructions  of  a  letter. 

tSfoia/;  =  Sogliola,  sole  (fish). 

*  Sfoiarsi  ;  to  satisfy  one's  desires,  v.  Foia. 

Sfolgor-are  ind.  sfolgoro ;  I.  to  flash, 
to  sparkle.  2.  to  do  a  thing  in  a  flash, 
like  lightning. 

*i.  to  arrive  in  a  flash,  ii.  to  oppress  cruelly, 
///.  crush  with  thunderbolts,  iii.  to  drive  away 
suddenly ;  Se  questi  non  ci  sfolgorassono  cosi  fuori 
del  nostro  luogo,  if  they  had  not  rushed  us  away, 
D.,  Vita  Nuova,  14. 

Aff.  -amento.  -atamente,  -eggiamento,  -eggiare 
i.q.  -are,  -io  vbsb. 

Sfollare  ind.  sfollo;  of  a  crowd,  to 
go  away. 

Sfondacciare ;  to  clear  the  rubbish 
out  of  an  empty  receptacle. 

*Sfondagiaco  m.\  a  kind  of  dagger. 

•  Sfond-are  ind.  sfondo ;  i .  to  break, 
burst  in  (a  door),  stave  in,  e.g.  the  bows 
of  a  ship,  split  (a  sail),  cut  (the  cloth  of 
a  billiard-table),  wear  a  hole  in  shoes, 
by  walking;  --  una  porta  aperta,  to 
force  an  open  door.  2.  Cibo  che  -a  lo 
stomaco,  heavy  food ;  Cibo  che  non  -a, 
food  which  will  not  go  down ;  Bibita 
che  -a,  drink  which  helps  the  food  to 
go  down,  helps  digestion  ;  Purganti  che 
-ano  davvero,  powerful  purges.  3.  (In 


;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

quant'  a  talento)  -a  assai,  he  has  good 
ability ;  non  isfonda,  he  has  no  ability. 
4.  Dugento  lire  una  volta  era  una  dote 
che  -ava,  there  was  a  time  when  a 
dowry  of  two  hundred  francs  was  a 
large  one.  5.  to  sink.  6.  in  painting, 
to  retire,  Jail  into  the  background. 
7.  (mil.)  -  -  la  carica,  to  prick  the 
cartridge ;  —  il  focone,  to  clear,  to 
prick  the  vent.  8.  -ato,  bottomless  ; 
Ricco  -ato,  of  limitless  wealth.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Sfondastomaco  m. ;  oppressively 
heavy  food. 

Sfondatdio  m. ;  (artil.)  —  a  punta, 
priming  pricker,  wire.  —  a  succhiello, 
vent  bit.  —  mozzato,  vent  punch. 

Sfondino  m.  ;=Piantastecche,  shoe- 
maker's punch. 

Sftindo  m. ;  i.  space  left  in  a  ceiling 
or  cove  in  a  wall,  to  have  a  perspective 
view  painted  on  it,  or  the  view  when 
painted.  2.  extensive  background  in 
any  picture,  t  =  Scasso. 

Sfondol-are,  obsolete  except  in  part. 
-ato ;  Ricco  -ato,  enormously  rich.  Eru- 
dizione  -ata,  immense  learning. 

*  i.  =  Sfondare,  to  stave  in  (a  ship),     ii.  to  sink. 

Sf6nfo  m. ;  noise  of  a  rocket  bursting. 

Sfontanare  ind.  sfontano ;  to  spend, 
pour  out  (money). 

Sforacchiare ;  intens.  Foracchiare. 

Sforbi-ciare,  -cinare;  to  cut  with 
scissors. 

Sforcellare  ind.  sforcello ;  to  remove 
the  twigs,  -v.  Forcella  (3). 

t  =  Lo  stare  rigoglioso  delle  spighe  con  le  reste 
diritte,  of  ears  of  corn,  to  stand  erect. 
tSforgio  w.;  =  Sfuggio,  ostentation. 

Sform-are  ind.  sformo ;  I.  to  deform, 
disfigure.  2.  to  remove  from  the  Forma. 
3.  to  lose  one's  temper,  to  curse.  Aff. 
-atamente,  -atura. 

Sfonnato ;  i.  m.,  (cook.)  shape, 
pudding  or  vegetables  shaped  in  a 
mould.  2.  as  adj.,  ugly.  3.  huge. 

Sfornaciare;  i.  to  remove  from  the 
surface.  2.  to  stir  the  fire,  e.g.  in  a 
warming-pan,  so  as  to  make  it  too  hot, 
like  a  furnace. 

Sfornacione  m. ;  too  hot  a  fire. 

Sfornare  ind.  sforno ;  to  remove 
from  the  oven. 

*  Sfornellare  ;  =  Sfrenellare,  to  untie  (an  oar). 

Sforn-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  remove  the 
furniture. 

Sfortun-a/;  bad  luck.  Aff.  -ata- 
mente, -ati'no  dim.  vezz.  of  -ato,  -ato  adj. 

Sforz-accio  tn. ;  ftgg.  of  -o. 
Sforz-am6nto  tit.',  vbsb.  of -are. 

Sforz-are  ind.  sforzo;  intens.  For- 
zare;  i.  to  compel,  2.  to  use  force  with. 
3.  -arsi,  to  exert  oneself.  4.  part,  -ato, 
•v.  infra  in  loco. 

*i.  to  violate,  ravish,     ii.  to  deprive  of  vigour. 

Sforz-ato;  i.  part.  -are.  2.  forced. 
3.  Vino  -ato,  wine  made  in  vessels  her- 
metically closed.  Aff.  -atame'nte  com- 
pulsorily,  -aticcio  dim. 


SFORZATORE— SGALLUZZARE 


563 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Sforz-at6re,  -atura:  v.  -are. 
*Sforzino;  strong  (cord).     As  sb.,  whip-cord. 

Sforzo  in. ;  i.  effort.    2.  (vet.}  sprain. 
3.  —  di  cesoiamento,  shearing  stress ; 
—  di  trazione,  tensile  stress. 

*i.  army.     ii.   —  generale,  general  assault. 

SfoSS-are  ind.  sfosso ;  I.  to  dig  up 
(corn  that  was  buried).  2.  to  take 
(hides)  out  of  the  bath.  3.  (Terreno) 
-ato,  ditched.  4.  (Occhi)  -ati,  sunken, 
usu.  Infossati. 

Sfracassare;  intens.  Fracassare,  to 
smash. 

Sfragell-are  ind.  sfragello,  or  Sfla- 
gell-are ;  to  smash.  Aff.  -amento. 

Sfragistica  /.  (Gr.  o-0/jayis,  seal) ;  study  of 
seals. 

Sfrancesare ;  to  purify  from  Gal- 
licisms. 

Sfranch-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  teach 
fluency  to.  -irsi,  to  acquire  facility  in 
an  art. 

Sfrangi-are;  to  fringe  out,  unravel. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Sfrascare ;  i.  to  take  the  cocoons  of 
silk  from  the  cocoonery.  2.  to  remove 
excessive  foliage  from  plants. 

Sfrat-are ;  to  unfrock  (a  monk), 
-arsi,  to  quit  one's  Order. 

tSfratazz-are  ;   to  whitewash,     -o  tn.\   white- 
washing-board. 

Sfrattare ;  i.  to  dismiss.  2.  intr. 
to  decamp;  Sfratta  via,  be  off  with  you. 

Etytn.  It.  fratta,  which  in  this  compound  has 
the  sense  of  enclosure,  cp.  the  derivation  of  Fratta. 

Sfratto  m. ;  expulsion,  abrupt  dis- 
missal. Aver  lo  — ,  of  a  lodger,  to  be 
turned  out. 

Sfreddare  ind.  sfre'ddo ;  intens. 
Freddare,  to  cool. 

Sfregacci-are,  -olare ;  to  rub  gently. 

*  Sfregacciolo  m. ;  —  Scarabocchio,  scrawl. 
Sfreg-are    ind.   sfrego    -hi  ;    intens. 

Fregare,  to   rub.     Aff.  -ata  sb.,  -ati'na 
dim.,  -atoio  rubber,  -atura. 

Sfregi-are  ind.  sfregio;  i.  to  dis- 
figure. 2.  to  gash,  as  with  a  knife,  or 
to  injure  by  a  strong  acid.  3.  fig.  to 
disgrace.  4.  -arsi,  to  deprive  oneself, 
D.  Purg.  8.  128.  Aff.  -atore. 

Sfrdgio  m. ;  i.  gash  in  the  face. 
2.  the  resulting  scar.  3.  fig.  slur,  dis- 
credit. 

F.tym.  dub.  It  is  attributed  by  Caix  to  L. 
frutio,  but  there  seems  no  reason  for  rejecting  the 
obvious  derivation  <  It.  fregio,  decoration,  with 
privative  prefix. 

tSfregolare  :  =  Sfregacciarc,  to  rub  gently. 
t  Sfregonare  ;  =  Far  dei  fregoni,  to  rub. 

Sfren-are  ind.  sfreno ;  i.  to  unbridle. 
2.  to  throw  off  all  restraint.  Aff.  -ata- 
me'nte,  -atdzza. 

*  Sfrenellare  ;  lo  untie,  v.  Frencllo  (2)  and  (iii). 

*  Sfrettare  ;  to  make  less  haste. 

t  Sfriccicare  ;  =  Sfregare,  Slrofinare,  to  rub. 

Sfriggere;  to  hiss,  in  frying. 

Sfriggolare  (Sfrigolare,  Sfringolare) 
ind.  sfrfggolo ;  to  hiss  ;  in  cooking,  to 
sputter. 

Sfriggolato  m. ;  food  warmed  up. 


Sfringuell-are ind.  sfringuello ;  i.  ///. 
to  twitter  like  a  chaffinch.  2.  to  be 
loquacious  when  it  would  be  as  well  or 
better  to  be  silent.  3.  to  speak  evil  of 
in  public  ;  Nelle  morti  de'  padroni  le 
lingue  sfringuellano,  after  the  deaths 
of  tyrants  people  revile  them  openly. 
Aff.  -ino  chatterer. 

Sfrittell-are  ind.  sfrittello ;  i.  = 
Smacchiare,  to  take  out  stains  from 
clothes.  2.  -arsi,  to  mess  grease  over 
one's  clothes. 

tSfrizetto  in.',  (w<zr.)=;Trincarino,  water-way. 
*Sfrizzare;  intetts.  Frizzare,  to  sting. 

Sfrogiato ;  without  nostrils. 
Sfrollato ;  intens.  Frollato,  softened. 
Sfrombolare  zW.sfrombolo;  to  throw 
from  a  sling. 

Sfrond-are  ind.  sfrondo;  i.  to  re- 
move the  foliage.  2.  Jig.  to  remove 
superfluities,  e.g.  from  a  set  of  ordi- 
nances. Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re,  -atura. 

Sfrontat-o  ;  impudent,  shameless. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine,  -ame'nte,  -ello 
dim.,  -e-zza. 

Sfronzare  ind.  sfronzo  ;  i.  of  sown 
corn,  to  form  the  blade.  2.  (bookb.)  to 
trim  the  edges  of  the  leaves. 

•Sfronzinato  ;  i.  =  Sfrontato.    ii.  =  Impertinente, 
Scapestrato. 

*  Sfronzone  ;  =  Sgarbato. 

Sfrottolare  ind.  sfrottolo ;  to  talk  a 
lot  of  nonsense. 

fSfrucandolo  m.  •  warming-pan. 

Sfrucon-are  ind.  sfruc6no ;  to  poke 
about.  Aff.  -ata. 

Sfrucdne  m. ;  =  Frucone,  searcher's 
stick. 

Sfrullare;  intens.  Frullare. 

Sfrasci-are ;  to  rustle.    Aff.  -o  sb. 

Sfruttare ;  i.  to  impoverish,  steri- 
lise. 2.  intr.  to  waste  itself.  3.  to 
misuse;  —  1'  altrui  generosita,  to  abuse 
his  generosity. 

Sfrutt-atore  m.;  i.  v.  -are. 
2.  sweater. 

Sfucinare;  to  pour  out  in  pro- 
fusion. 

Sfugg6vol-e ;  transitory,  fleeting. 
Aff.  -dzza,  -mdnte. 

•Sfuggiascamente ;  stealthily. 

Sfuggiasc-0;  fugitive,  hidden.  Mi- 
chelagnolo...era  stato  negli  ultimi 
giorni  dell'  assedio  sempre  — ,  could 
never  be  found  during  the  last  days  of 
the  siege.  Alia  -a,  or  Di  — ,  hastily,  in 
passing. 

t  Sfuggicare  ;  =  Sdrucciolare.     *  =  Sfuggirc. 

Sfugg-ire  ind.  sfuggo,  sfuggi ;  i.  to 
escape,  slip  away.  2.  =  Scansare,  to 
avoid.  3.  Alia  -ita,  hastily.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Sfum-are;  i.  to  evaporate,  dissolve. 
2.  of  a  colour,  to  shade  off  into  another 
colour,  t-arsela,  =  Svignarsela,  to  be 
off. 

Sfumatame'nte ;  by  delicate  gra- 
dations. 


/;    delicacy    of    gra- 
dation. 

Sfum-atura;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  (paint.') 
light  wash  of  colour,  shade  ;  Tutte  le 
-ature  dell'  idea,  every  shade  of  the  idea. 

Sfumfno  m. ;  stump,  piece  of  leather 
or  paper  rolled  up  into  a  cone  for 
spreading  colour  or  pencil  marks  over 
the  paper,  v.  Sfumare  (2). 

Sfunare ;  to  untie. 

*i.  to  run  away  hastily,     ii.  to  blab  out.    iii.  — 
gli  alberi,  —  Germogtiare  con  rigoglio. 

Sfuriare ;  to  rage,  be  furious. 

Sfuriat-a  /;  i.  outburst  of  rage. 
2.  spasm  of  industry,  hard  work  for  a 
short  time.  3.  sudden  shower  of  rain. 
Aff.  -&cc\a.  pegg. 

Sfuscellare  ind.  sfuscello ;  to  re- 
•move  the  twigs. 

t  Sfusciarra  f. ;  =  Fusciarra,  scamp. 

Sgabbiare ;  to  take  out  of  the  cage. 

Sgabell-are  ind.  sgab^llo;  i.  =  Sda- 
ziare,  to  clear.  2.  -arsi  di,  to  get  rid  of. 
*fig.  to  kill. 

Sgabell-o  (Scabello)  m.(L.scabellum, 
dim.  of  scamnurn,  v.  Scanno) ;  stool, 
bench  (with  no  back).  Aff.  -dtto  -mo 
dims.,  -one  augm. 

Sgabuzzfno  m.  (either  <  Dutch  kom- 
buis,  kompuits,  or  one  of  its  derivatives, 
viz.  E. caboose,  Danish kabys, or  Swedish 
kabysa,  the  cook's  galley  on  a  ship  ;  it 
is  not,  however,  a  marine  term  in 
Italian.  The  5  is  an  idle  prefix) ;  poky- 
hole,  small  recess. 

tSgaggi6ne  m.  ;=Sgargione. 

Sgagliard-are,  -ire ;  to  enfeeble. 

tSgagozza/:;  (»»wVi4.)=Rondine  di  mare,  tern. 
*Sgalante  ;  =  Svenevole,  unpleasant. 

Sgalembo  (O.H.G.  slimb,  cf.  Bavarian 
sclilemnt,  oblique,  with  epenthetic  rt);  =  Sghembo, 
awry. 

SgalerayT;  (bat.)  wild  artichoke,  v.  Carciofo  (i). 

Sgallare;  to  raise  a  blister. 

Sgallett-are  ind.  sgalldtto;  i.  to  be 
sprightly.  2.  to  play  the  wit.  Aff.  -fo 
freq.  sb. 

•Sgallinacciare  ;  (tints.)  lo  play  or  sing  without 
expression. 

Sgallinare  ind.  sgalli'no ;  to  rob  hen- 
roosts. 

tSgallozzare  ;  =  Gorgogliare,  to  gurgle. 

Sgalluzzare ;  to  enjoy  oneself. 

Etytti.  dltb.  The  immediate  derivation  is  from 
Ita!.  Galluzzare,  with  prefix  of  intensive  s-,  a  develop- 
ment of  Gallare,  to  be  gay,  which  may  either  depend 
upon  Gallo,  cock,  from  the  cheerful  crow  or  gay 
appearance  of  the  bird,  or,  as  Korting  thinks,  on 
L.  gallari,  to  run  riot,  as  the  Galli,  priests  of 
Cybele,  or  again,  as  Pianigiani  suggests,  may  be 
of  Germanic  origin.  The  same  doubts  exist  in 
regard  to  the  word  Galloria.  Pianigiani  writes  as 
follows:  "Sgalluzzare  to  be  merry,  the  meaning 
being  according  to  some  a  metaphor  from  Galiuzzo 
or  Galletto  as  a  vivacious  creature.  But  without 
denying  the  influence  of  popular  etymology  from 
Galluz/o  it  seems  that  the  word  cannot  fail  to  be 
connected  with  O.H.G.  ffetlisdn,  to  be  joyous, 
^fl'/=A.S.  gAl,  glad,  gfili,  joyousness,  cf.  Gothic 
gailjatij  to  rejoice,  whence  also  come  the  words 
Gallo,  in  sense  of  merriment,  Galloria,  excessive 
cheerfulness,  and  Ringalluzzire,  to  be  sprightly, 
cf.  old  Fr.  faff,  cheerfulness,  rftler,  to  rejoice." 

The  word  Galiuzzo  is  not  to  be  found  as  meaning 


71—2 


564 


SGAMBARE— SGOMENTEVOLE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

bittern.     6.  a  currier's  tool  for  thinning 
a  hide. 

Sgarze'tta  /  ;  (ornith.)  little  egret 
(bird),  Ardea  garzetta,  also  termed 
Airone  minore,  Garzetta. 

*Sgarziglionay?;  =  Donnona,  big  fat  woman. 

Sgattaiolare  ind.  sgattaiolo ;  to 
wriggle  one's  way  out  like  a  cat. 

*  Sgattigliare  ;=  Sborsare,  to  disburse. 

Sgavazzare  ;  intens.  Gavazzare,  to 
carouse. 

t  Sgavettare  ;  —  la  girella,  =  Tirarla. 

t  Sgavocciare  ;  metathesis  of  Svagocciare. 

tSgavorchio  ;=Rachitico,  v.  Gavorchio. 

t  Sgazzera./ ;  —  Sbercia,  Padronuccio,Lavoruccio. 

Sgelare  ind.  sgelo ;  to  thaw. 

Sghembare  ind.  sghe'mbo;  to  cut 
obliquely. 

Sghembo ;  i.  crooked,  sloping. 
2.  (geom.}  as  sb.,  rhombus. 

Etym.  unkn.     Korting   prefers  derivation  <  L. 

Sgangher-are  ind.  sganghero  ;  i .  to 
take  off  from  its  hinges.    2.  to  dislocate. 

3.  -arsi,  fig.    to    roar  with    laughter. 

4.  -ato,  loose-jointed,  awkward,  clumsy. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ataggine,  -atamente.  tSghengo  ;  dwarfish  and  crooked 


a   cock,  but   the   existence  of  the  verb   Galtuzzare 
suffices  for  the  argument  above  quoted. 

Sgamb-are  (A)  (It.  gamba) ;  to  walk 
fast,  -arsi,  to  walk  oneself  off  one's 
legs.  Aff.  -ata  sb.  run. 

(B)  (It.  gambo);  to  cut  off  the  stalk. 

•Calze  -ate,  short   stockings,  or   perhaps  falling 
down  from  the  top,  over  the  leg. 

Sgambett-are  ind.  sgambe'tto  ;  I.  to 
walk  with  short,  quick  steps.  2.  to  kick 
the  legs  about.  Aff.  -ata. 

Sgamb^tto  in. ;  intens.  Gambetto, 
tripping. 

•Sgambucciato;  bare-legged. 

Sganasci-are ;  i.  lit.  to  dislocate 
the  jaw.  2.  by  extension,  to  pull 
furniture  to  pieces.  3.  scherz.  to  eat. 
Aff.  -ata,  loud  laugh. 

Sganciare ;  to  unhook. 

*  Sgancio  ;  -u.  Scancio. 

*  Sganganato  ;=Sgangherato. 

*  Sgangasciare  ;  to  roar  with  laughter. 


crookedness,  >  Germ,  schlimm,  Dutch  slim,  crooked, 
bad)  agrees  better  in  sense,  and  nearly  as  well  in 
form. 


tSgangiare  ;  =  Sganciare,  to  unhook. 

Sgann-are ;  v.  Ingannare,  to  un- 
deceive. Aff.  -amento. 

*Sgaraffare  ;  =  Sgraffignare,  to  pilfer. 

*  Sgarare  ;  to  conquer. 

Sgarbat-o ;  i.  rude.  2.  awkward. 
Aff.  -aggine,  -ame'nte,  -dzza. 

Sgarbo  m. ;  rude  act,  rude  be- 
haviour. 

*  Sgarettare  ;  v.  Sgarrettare. 

*  Sgargagliare  ;  =  Scaracchiare,  to  spit  out. 

Sgarganarsi  ind.  mi  sgargano;  = 
Slogarsi,  to  gape. 

Sgargarizzare ;  intens.  Gargarizzare, 
to  gargle. 

Sgargiante  (var.  of  Squarciante) ; 
stylish,  well  dressed.  As  sb.  =  Zerbi- 
notto,  fop. 

t£gargi6ne  tit. ;  =  Cascamorto. 
*Sgariglio  w.;=Sgherro,  constable. 

*  Sgar-ire  ;  =  Sgarare,   to   conquer.     t-irsi  =  Sfo- 
garsi,  Levarsi  ii  ruzzo. 

Sgarr-are ;  i.  to  go  wrong. 
2.  (Nave)  -ata,  lop-sided,  having  a  list. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc..  esgarar,  old  Fr.  esgarer 
(>  Fr.  tgarer)  <  O.H.G.  tvar-fin,  to  heed,  with 
privative  suffix  S-\  the  root  is  iuert  to  heed,  ?'. 
Skeat,  sub  Wary. 

Sgarrettare  ind.  sgarre"tto  (Sga- 
rettare, Sgherettare) ;  to  hamstring. 

*  Sgarrire  ;  intens.  Garrire,  to  reprove. 

Sgarro  m.  (vbsb.  of  Sgarrare) ; 
error. 

fSgarugliare  ;  =  Smallare,  to  remove  the  husk. 

Sgarza/  (It.  garza,  with  idle  prefix) ; 
(omith.)  I.  great  white  heron,  Ardea 
egretta,  also  termed  Airone  bianco  mag- 
giore,  Egretta,  Sgarza  bianca  maggiore. 

2.  —   ciuffetto,  squacco  heron,  Ardea 
ralloides,       also       termed       Ciuffetto. 

3.  =  Airone,     common      heron,     Ardea 
cinerea.     4.  —  cenerina,  or  nitticora,  = 
Corvo    di    notte,   night   heron,   Ardea 
nycticorax.     5.  —  stellare,  =  Tarabuso, 


*  Sgherettare;  v.  Sgarettare. 

•Sgheriglio  (Scheriglio)  m.  (probably,  like 
Scherano,  <  a  dialectic  form  of  Schiera,  literally 
therefore  a  light-armed  soldier);  =  Sgherro,  ruffian. 

Sgherm-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  unloose, 
let  go. 

Sgheronato ;  shaped  like  a  Gherone, 
cut  aslant. 

Sgb.err-0  m.  (prob.  <  L.  sicarius,  v. 
Sicario);  i.  ruffian,  hired  assassin. 
2.  as  adj.,  smart-looking ;  Oggi  e  vestita 
alia  -a,  she  is  smartly  dressed  to-day. 

Sgherrbccio ;  smart,  v .  Sgherro  (2). 

t  Sghescia  / ;  =  Sguiscia,  hunger. 
-     tSghezza/;  =  Scheggia,  chip. 

Sghiacciare ;  to  thaw. 

Sghignapappole  m. ;  giggler. 

Sghignare  ;  intens.  Ghignare,  to 
sneer. 

Sghignazz-are ;  to  laugh  scornfully. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ata,  -10. 

*Sghign-o  tit. ',  =  Ghigno,  sneer.  *-oso  ;  fas- 
tidious. 

Sghilembo ;  =  Sghembo,  crooked. 

Sghimb^scio  m.  (according  to  Caix 
<  It.  sghembo  +  biescio) ;  obliquity, 
slant.  A  — ,  awry,  crooked. 

Sghindare  ;  (mar.)  =  Ricalare,  to 
lower. 

*Sghingheroso;  dressed  in  one's  best,  v.  Ghin- 
ghero. 

Sgbiribizzo  in.  ;  =  Ghiribizzo,  whim. 
t  Sghironato  ;  —  Sgheronato. 

SgMsciare;  =  Sguisciare,  to  slide. 

*  Sgittamento  m. ;  agitation. 

Sglori-are ;  obsolete,  except  in  part. 
-ato,  used  as  adj.,  careless,  uncon- 
cerned. 

*  =  Fare  il  cascante,  to  sigh  for  one's  beloved. 

Sgnaulio  m.  ;  =  Gnaulio,  mewing. 
Sgobbare  ind.  sgobbo;    i.    to  keep 


one's  back  always  bent  over  work  at  a 
table,  hence  2.  fig.  to  work  hard,  to 
grind. 

*to  make  hunchbacked. 

Sg6bbo  m. ;  hard  work,  grind. 

Sgobb6n-e  m. ;  one  who  succeeds  by 
sheer  hard  work  without  being  clever. 
Aff.  -are,  to  grind  hard. 

*Sgocciolaboccali  in. ;  tippler. 

Sgocciolare  ind.  sgocciolo;  i.  to 
drip,  to  run  off.  2.  tr.  to  drain  off  the 
last  drops  out  of  a  glass,  before  refilling 
it.  3.  to  drink  to  the  last  drop. 

* —  il  barletto,  i.e.  to  blab  out  all  one  knows. 

Sgocciolatoio  m. ;  i.  eaves.  2.  cor- 
nice over  a  window  to  keep  the  rain 
away  from  the  joints.  3.  cup  to  catch 
oil-drops  of  an  engine. 

Sgocciolatura  /. ;  i.  dripping, 
dropping,  scattered  drops.  2.  drop  at 
the  bottom  of  a  glass.  3.  Indugiare 
alia  — ,  to  delay  at  the  very  end  of  a 
business,  /;'/.  to  linger  at  the  last  drop. 
4.  eaves. 

Sgocciolio  m. ;  constant  dripping. 

Sg6cciol-0  in. ;  remainder,  lit.  last 
drop.  Essere  agli  -i  del  mese,  dei 
denari,  at  the  end  of  these. 

*  Sgodere  ;     to    have    the    disagreeables    after 
pleasure. 

tSgogiarsi  ;  =  Sfogarsi. 

Sgol-arsi ;  to  shout  oneself  hoarse. 

*  part.  -ato.     i.  ~  Ciarlone,   chatterer,     ii.  =  Scol- 
lato,  low  (dressX 

Sgomarello  m. ;  ladle  used  for 
molten  iron. 

Sgomber-are  ind.  sg6mbero;  i.  to 
transport  furniture  ;  Bisogna  --  tutti 
questi  libri  di  qui  e  metterli  di  la,  we 
must  move  all  these  books  from  here 
and  put  them  over  there.  2.  absol.  to 
move,  change  one's  residence.  3.  — un 
passo,  un  luogo,  to  clear  it,  empty  it; 
—  i  perversati,  to  drive  the  evil  spirits 
out  of  those  possessed  by  them.  4.  —  il 
paese,  to  quit  the  territory,  or  in  mil. 
sense,  to  evacuate  it.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atore  furniture  remover,  -atura. 

Etym.  mlt.  combrus,  barrier,  with  privative 
prefix.  From  combrus  are  E.  cumber,  Fr.  cotnbre 
in  ettcombrer,  dtcombres,  ruins ;  it  is  used  by 
Gregory  of  Tours,  origin  unknown,  71.  Skeat,  sub 
Cumber. 

Sg6mber-o;  i.  sync.  part,  of  -are, 
v.  Sgombro  (i).  2.  i.q.  -ame'nto. 

*  Sgombinare  ;  =  Sgominare,  to  throw  into  dis- 
order. 

Sgombrare;  i.q.  Sgomberare. 

Sg6mbr-o;  i.  sync.  part,  of  Sgom- 
brare, clear;  Tu  che  hai  -e  le  mani, 
you  who  have  your  hands  at  liberty. 
2.  as  sb.  =  Scombro,  mackerel. 

Sgoment-are  ind.  sgomdnto;  i.  to 
daunt.  2.  to  terrify.  3.  -arsi,  to  be  at 
a  loss ;  Lei  si  -a  per  libri,  are  you  at  a 
loss  for  books  ? 

Etym.  Probably  <  **txcommentare,  to  dis- 
order a  person's  faculties,  <  L.  mfns;  there  is  an 
alternative  <  **txcomminitare,  to  terrify  a  person 
out  of  his  wits  by  threats,  <  L.  minari,  to  threaten. 

SgomenteVole ;  terrifying. 


SGOMENTO— SGUAGLIARE 


565 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  bcginni 

Sgoine'nt-o ;  i.  sync.  part.  -are. 
2.  as  sb.t  alarm.  3.  fig.  scherz.  Quella 
bambina  &  uno  — ,  that  child  is  a  terror. 

Sgomentdne  /«. ;  one  who  takes 
alarm  at  everything. 

tSgomerare  ;  =  Sgomberare. 

Sgomin-are  ;  to  throw  into  disorder, 
to  upset.  Aff.  -10,  utter  confusion. 

Etym.  dub.  The  derivation  preferred  by  Piani- 
giani  is  L.  ex,  comminare,  cp.  Sgomentare,  etym. ; 
this,  however,  hardly  accords  with  the  sense,  which 
would  point  rather  to  L.  ex,  combinare,  cp.  the  old 
form  Sgombinare.  But  the  explanation  of  the  word 
given  by  Florio  is  "to  untwind,  to  disintangle,  to 
unfold  or  unrede  yarne,  to  undue,"  which  suggests 
relationship  with  Gomena,  q.v. 

Sgomitolare  ind.  sgomi'tolo ;  to  un- 
wind. 

*  Sgomuzzolo  in.  ;  =  Scamozzolo,  tiny  piece. 
Sgonn-amento ;  v.  -are. 

Sgonfi-are  ind.  sg6nfio;  I.  of  a 
swelling,  to  go  down.  2.  /;•.  to  reduce, 
lessen  the  swelling  of.  3.  to  deflate  a 
balloon  or  intr.  to  become  deflated. 
4.  pop.—  Rompere  le  scatole,  to  annoy, 
to  bother.  5.  (with  intensive  sense  of 
the  prefix,  see  5,  p.  521,  §  2)  to  puff"  out 
(a  woman's  dress)  or  intr.  to  be  puffed 
out.  Aff.  -amento. 

Sgonfi^tto  m. ;  little  swelling. 

Sg6nfi-o  ;  i.  sync.  part. -are.  2.  as 
sb.,  inflated  swelling.  3.  =  Sboffo,  puff, 
in  a  woman's  dress. 

Sgonfibtto  m. ;  i.  dim.  Sgonfio  (3). 

2.  pastry  puff. 

Sgonnell-are  ind.  sgonnello  ;  of  a 
woman,  to  run  about  in  search  of  a 
husband,  ///.  to  make  the  petticoats 
flutter.  *to  peel  off  crust.  Aff.  -ona. 

*Sgoraiata  f.\  offscourings  of  a  Gora,  water- 
course. 

t  Sgorare  ind.  sgoro ;  i.  to  clean  out  a  Gora, 
water-course,  ii.  to  trickle. 

Sgdrbia/  (It.  gorbia,  with  idle  pre- 
fix); gouge. 

Sgorbiare;  =  Scorbiare,  to  blot.  *to 
work  hard. 

Sgorbietta/ ;  dim.  Sgorbia,  gouge. 
Sgdrbio  m. ;  =  Scorbio,  blot. 

Sgorg-are  ind.  sgorgo  (It.  gorgo); 
to  gush,  *to  blab.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Sgorgata  / ;  discharge,  e.g.  by  a 
stroke  of  a  piston. 

Sgorgat6io  in. ;  outlet. 
Sg6rgO    in. ;    outflow.     A    — ,   copi- 
ously. 

Sgorgugliare ;  of  a  turkey,  to  gabble. 

Sgovern-are  ind.  sgoverno  ;  to  mis- 
govern. Aff.  -o  sb. 

Sgozz-are  ind.  sg6zzo;  i.  to  cut  the 
throat.  2.  fig.  to  bleed,  by  usury. 

3.  to  empty  a  bird's  crop.   *to  swallow. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Sgozzino  m.  ;  =  Strozzino,  usurer. 

Sgracimolare  ;  =  Raciinolare,  to 
glean. 

*Sgradare;  to  grade. 

Sgradevol-e ;  unpleasant.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 


'ng  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 
Sgrad-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  displease. 

Sgradito ;  disagreeable,  t  =  Sciocco, 
silly. 

Sgraft'a  f. ;  (print.)  brace. 

Sgraftiare  ;  i.  to  scratch.  2.  to 
steal.  3.  =  Sgraffire. 

Sgraffignare ;  scherz.  to  prig. 

Sgraff-io  m. ;  I.  scratch.  2.  i.q. 
Graffio,  v.  -ire. 

Sgraffire;  to  draw  in  outline  on  a 
wall  with  a  piece  of  charcoal  or  an  iron 
point. 

Sgrammatic-are  ind.  sgrammatico; 
to  make  mistakes  in  grammar.  Aff. 
-atura,  -one  maker  of  such  mistakes. 

Sgramuffare ;  to  speak  very  gram- 
matically. 

Sgran-are;  i.  to  shell  (peas),  to 
stone  (cherries),  to  husk  (chestnuts), 
etc.  2.  fig.  —  gli  occhi,  to  open  the 
eyes  very  wide.  3.  scherz.  to  devour, 
as  it  were,  to  separate  into  bits. 
4.  (war.)  =  Disingranare,  to  disengage, 
e.g.  the  screw. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atura. 

*  Sgranchiare  ;  =  Sgranchire. 

Sgranch-ire  ind.  -iscp ;  i.  to  stretch, 
to  unstiffen.  2.  -irsi,  fig.  to  wake  up, 
rouse  oneself  to  action. 

*  Sgrandinat-o  (A)  (It.  grande);  (Uva)  -a,  fine. 
(B)  (It.   grandine);    i.    wretched.      ii.    untidy, 

tousled. 

*  Sgrandire  ;=  Ingrandire,  to  enlarge. 

Sgranell-are  ind.  sgranello;  to 
pick  the  individual  grapes  from  the 
cluster  or  the  grains  from  an  ear  of  corn. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at<5io  implement  for 
picking  grapes,  -atura. 

Sgranocchiare  ind.  sgranocchio;  a 
secondary  form  of  Sgranare,  q.v.  (3). 

Sgrappolatoio  in. ;  in  wine-making, 
a  wooden  grating  upon  which  the 
bunches  of  grapes  are  moved  about,  so 
that  as  the  grapes  come  off  their  stalks 
they  drop  into  a  tub  below. 

Sgrassare ;  =  Digrassare,  to  remove 
the  fat. 

*  Sgratare  ;  =  Sgradire,  to  displease. 

*  Sgraticciare ;   i.    to  pull  a  hedge  or  fence  to 
pieces,     ii.    to  loosen  out  (hair  that  was   plastered 
down).     Hi.    to  get  rid  of  (a  dispute). 

Sgrav-are ;  to  relieve  from  a  burden, 
either  ///.  or  fig.  as  taxes,  -arsi,  of  a 
woman,  to  be  delivered.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
Sgravio. 

*Sgrazia/;=Disgrazia,  misfortune. 

*  Sgraziare  ;  to  spoil  the  beauty  of. 

Sgraziat-o;  i.  awkward.  2.  un- 
fortunate, cp.  Disgrazia.  Aff.  -accio 
pegg.,  -aggine,  -ame'nte,  -ello  dim.,  -6ne 
augtn. 

tSgrazire  ;  -Sciupare,  to  spoil. 
t  Sgrebicciare  ;  =  Scalcinare. 
t&grendinare  ;  =  Arruffare,  to  disorder. 

Sgretol-are  ind.  sgre"tolo  (It.  gretola, 
bar  of  a  cage,  stave  of  a  cask,  so  that 
the  orig.  sense  is  to  crush  in,  stave  into 
pieces);  i.  to  grind  into  fragments. 
2.  to  crunch.  3.  —  i  denti,  to  gnash 


for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

the  teeth.  4.  to  produce  any  sound  of 
grinding,  e.g.  that  of  a  boat  running 
upon  a  bank  of  shingle.  5.  -arsi,  to 
crumble. 

*  i.  =  Fiaccare.    ii.  —  Sdilinquire  di  dolcezza. 
Aff.  -amento,  -io  freq.  sb. 

*  Sgretoloso  ;  crumbling,  friable. 

Sgricchiare,  Sgricciare ;  to  chuckle. 

*  Sgricchiolare  ;  =  Scricchiolare,  to  creak. 

Sgricciare;  v.  Sgricchiare.  t  = 
Schermire. 

*  Sgricciolare ;  the  sound  of  scraping  the  bow 
across  a  violin. 

•Sgricciolo  »».;  =  Scricciolo,  wren. 

Sgrid-are ;  intens.  Gridare,  to  scold. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atina,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Sgrifare ;  =  Aggranfiare,  to  run  away 
with. 

tSgriffagnina/;  feeble  little  woman. 

*  Sgrigiato ;  greyish. 

Sgrigliol-are  (Sgrigiolare)  ind.  sgri- 
gliolo ;  i.  to  creak,  like  new  boots. 
2.  to  crunch,  as  wheels  upon  gravel. 
Aff.  -o  sb. 

*  Sgrignare;  =  Sghignare,  to  snigger,  sneer. 
*Sgrignuto;  =  Scrignuto,  hunched. 

Sgrillettare  ind.  sgrille'tto;  to  pull 
the  trigger.  *=Grillettare. 

Sgrinfia  /. ;  claws,  thievish  hands, 
tthin  woman. 

*  Sgrinzare  ;  =  Levar  di  grinze. 

Sgroliato  ;  Uomo  — ,  scoffer. 

tSgro!16ne    (frob.    akin    to    Gothic    skxra,   v. 
Skeat,  sub  Shower) ;  shower  of  rain. 

Sgromm-are  ind.  sgrommo  ;  to  re- 
move the  Gromma,  incrustation,  from 
casks.  Aff.  -atura,  scraping. 

tSgronchirsi ;  =  Sgranchirsi. 

Sgrondare  ind.  sgrondo ;  to  drip,  or 
tr.  to  set  to  drip. 

Sgrondat6io  m. ;  perforated  board 
where  bottles  are  set  to  drip. 

Sgrondo  ;«. ;  trickling.  A  — , 
slanting,  aslope. 

Sgroppare  (A)  ind.  sgr6ppo ;  = 
Sgruppare,  to  untie.  (B)  ind.  sgr6ppo ; 
to  injure  a  horse's  crupper. 

Sgropponarsi  ind.  mi  sgroppono ;  to 
work  industriously,  ///.,  to  hurt  one's 
back  by  sitting  at  one's  work. 

SgroSS-are  ind.  sgrosso  ;  =  Digros* 
sare,  to  whittle  down.  Aff.  -amento, 
-atura. 

Sgrott-are  ind.  sgrotto ;  to  dig  a 
trench  round  a  vine.  *to  break  down. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Sgrovigliare ;  to  loosen,  to  dis- 
entangle. 

t  Sgrufolare  ;  intent.  Grufolarc. 

Sgrugn-are;  i.  to  hit  in  the  face. 
2.  -arsi,  to  break  one's  nose.  Aff.  -ata, 
or  -o,  blow  in  the  face,  -6ne  augm. 

tSgru!lata/;  =  Scrollata,  shake. 

Sgrum-are;  i.q.  Sgrommare.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Sgruppare;  to  untie,  disentangle. 

tSgruvicchiarsi  ;  =  Divincolarsi,  to  wriggle. 

Sguagliare ;  to  render  unequal. 


566 


SGUAGNOLARE— SICURO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


*  Sguagnolare  ;  to  lament,  complain. 

Sguaiat-0 ;  i.  graceless,  ill-mannered, 
awkward,  mal  a.  propos,  malapert.  2.  as 
sb.,  churl,  lout.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-aggine,  -amdnte,  -ello  dim. 

Etym.  Attributed  by  Zambaldi  to  old  Fr. 
esgaU  fart,  of  tsgaier,  for  which  Godefroi  has 
"sesgititr=s'{carter,  s' (parpiller."  But  this  does 
not  account  for  the  introduction  of  the  K,  and  a  more 
likely  source  would  seem  to  be  It.  guaio,  woe,  with 
s-  privative,  giving  the  sense  of  unaffected  by  woes, 
and  so  callous,  whence  the  sense  of  loutishness  might 
Florio's  rendering  of  the  word  is  '  A  foolish 


Also,   rid  from   woes  and 


to    un- 


to 


follow. 

filthy   lubardly   fellow. 

vexations." 

Sguainare    ind.    sguafno ; 
sheathe. 

Sgualcire ;     intens.     Gualcire, 
rumple. 

Sgualdrfn-a/ ;  strumpet.  Aff.  -ella 
dim. 

Ftym  unktl.  Perhaps  a  corruption  of  Germ. 
Sckwellendime,  lit-  threshold  girl,  or  of  Schwel- 
gerin,  f.  of  Schwtlger,  debauchee. 

tSgualembare  ;=  Incespicare,  to  stumble.     Cf. 
Sgualembrato,  in  Florio,  a  "sidelin  right-hand  blow. 

Sguancia  / ;  cheek-strap  of  a 
bridle. 

Sguanci-are,  or  Dare  una  -ata ;  to 
strike  one's  cheek  against  something. 

*  Sguancio  ;  =  Scancio,  oblique. 

*  Sguara-gaito     m.  ;     var.     of     bgu.irguato. 
•-guardare;  =  Sbirciare,  to  scrutinise,     '-guardia 

/;  scouting  corps,     '-guatare  ;  i.f.  -guardare. 

Sguardat-a  / ;  glance.    Aff.  -accia 


Sguardo  m. ;  looking,  look. 

•Sguarguato  m.  (Germ.  Sckaar-Tuacht,  patrol, 
lit.  army-watch);  (mil.)  advance  body. 
tSguarguenzia/;  =  Sguerguenza. 

Sguarn-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  unfurnish, 
to  strip.  -  un  abito,  to  take  off  the 
buttons,  braid,  etc. 

Sguatter-o  in. ;  scullion,  -a  / ; 
kitchen-maid,  v.  Guattero. 

tSguattolo  ,«.;  =  Sguattero,  kitchen-boy. 
•Sguazzacoda /.;  (ortiith.)  =  Balticoda,  wag- 
tail. 

Sguazz-are  (intens.  Guazzare) ;  i.  to 
wade.  2.  to  wallow,  flounder.  3.  = 
Scialare,  to  make  merry  ;  -  -  in  una 
cosa,  to  revel  in  it.  4.  tr.  -arsi  i  quat- 
trini,  to  fling  away  one's  money  (where 
si  is  a  double  accusative,  as  in  Mangiarsi 
ogni  cosa).  Aff.  -ugliare  freq. 

*  Sguazzingongolo  /«.  ;  =  Intingolo,  stew. 

Sgubbia  /  ;  =  Sgorbia,  gouge. 

tSguerciata/:;  =  Sbirciata,  close  inspection. 
Sguerciato  ;  (mar.)  lop-sided,  having  a  list. 

*  Sguerciatura  /. ;  look  of  contempt. 

Sguercire ;  to  espy. 

t  Sguerguente  ;  queer,  unpleasant. 

Sguerguenza  /  (Span,  vergiienza, 
v.  Vergogna,  with  privative  prefix  s-) ; 
unpleasant  occurrence,  piece  of  rude- 
ness, odd  behaviour. 

Sguern-ire  ind.  -isco  ;=Sguarnire. 

*  Sguerrucciay^;  some  kind  of  weapon. 

Sguf-are;  M'  e  -ato,  it  slipped  from 
my  hand. 

*  =  Burlare,  to  make  game  of. 

*  Sguffoneare  ;=  Burlare,  to  make  game  of. 

*  Sguiggiare  ;  i.  to  remove  the  Gulggia,  sandal- 
strap,     ii.  to  steal. 


tSguillare,  Sguillere  (O.H.G.  wellan,  to  roll, 
with  intens.  s)  ;  =  Scivolare,  to  slip. 

*Sg>uinci-ato  ;  cut  obliquely.  Aff.  *  -o,  oblique, 
v.  Squincio. 

tSguinguare  ;  to  see  clearly. 

Sguinzagliare ;  to  unleash. 

fSguiscere;  i.  =  Dimorare.     ii.  =  Sdrucciolare. 

Sguiscia  / ;  great  hunger. 

Etym.  M.H.G.  geicz,  gitze,  <  O.H.G.  git, 
voracity,  >  Germ.  Geiz,  avarice. 

Sguisci-are  ;  to  slip  away.   Aff.  -o  sb. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  dial.  Germ,  ivitschcn, 
to  slip  away,  or  a  corruption  of  **s-gufnciare,  TI. 
Guencire. 

Sguizz-are ;     intens.    Guizzare,     to 
glide.     Aff.  -o  s6. 
tSguizzero;  Swiss.  • 

Sgusciare  (A) ;  to  shell,  as  peas. 
(B);  =  Sguisciare,  to  slip  away. 

Sgusci-ato;  worked  like  a  shell. 
-atura  /  ;  v.  -are. 

Sguscio  m. ;  i.  notch  in  shape  of  a 
shell.  2.  chaser's  gouge. 

Si  (A)  (L.  se) ;  oneself.  Before  an  i 
or  in  poetry  before  other  vowels  the 
i  of  Si  is  replaced  by  an  apostrophe  ; 
S'  intende,  of  course.  With  a  verb  it 
is  either  reflective  or  reciprocal,  Spo- 
gliarsi,  to  undress  ;  Si  battono,  they  are 
fighting  with  each  other.  Often  pleo- 
nastic ;  11  fatto  si  e,  the  fact  is.  Si 
mori,  he  died.  As  an  indefinite  pro- 
noun it  serves  like  Fr.  on,  Germ,  man, 
E.  one.  Col  denaro  si  ha  tutto  ci6  che 
si  vuole,  if  one  has  money  one  can  get 
whatever  one  wants.  Piii  si  e  ricco, 
piii  si  e  avaro,  the  richer  people  are, 
the  more  covetous  they  are.  But 
although  often  practically  a  nominative 
it  seems  to  be  so  far  felt  as  a  reflective 
pronoun  as  to  be  rarely  used  with  a 
verb  in  the  singular  and  an  object  in 
the  plural.  In  Inghilterra  s'  impiccano 
gli  omicidi  (rather  than  s'  impicca  gli 
omicidi,  though  this  form  of  phrase 
could  also  be  used),  in  Francia  si  tronca 
loro  la  testa,  in  England  murderers  are 
hanged,  in  France  their  heads  are  cut 
off. 

Before  la,  lo,  Ii,  le  and  ne,  Si  is 
changed  into  Se  ;  Se  lo  mangiarono 
tutto,  they  ate  it  all  up. 

(B)  (L.  sic,  thus) ;  i.  yes,  dis- 
tinguished from  Si,  oneself,  by  an  accent 
Si.  2.  for  tanto  ;  Non  sono  si  paziente 
che...,  I  am  not  so  patient  that...; 
Sarebbe  egli  si  minchione,  if  he  should 
be  such  a  fool  ;  Si  e  si  mi  ha  detto,  he 
told  me  this  and  that.  3.  Si  . . .  si,  both  ; 
Lo  faccio  si  per  il  mio  utile  si  per  il 
vostro  bene,  I  do  it  both  for  my  own 
profit  and  for  your  advantage.  4.  Si  e 
no,  more  or  less  ;  Sara  due  litri  si  e  no, 
it  will  be  two  litres  or  thereabouts. 
5.  from  the  Yes  of  the  marriage  cere- 
mony, Si  is  sometimes  said  in  the  sense 
of  a  wedding ;  T'  aspetto  al  si,  I  shall 
expect  you  at  the  wedding  ;  Quanti  si 
questa  settimana,  what  a  number  of 
weddings  in  this  week.  6.  La  lingua 
del  si,  i.e.  Italian. 

(0) ;  (mus.)  the  seventh  note  of  the 


scale,  B  of  the  German  notation;   for 
the  origin  of  the  name,  v.  Do. 
(D) ;  the  Greek  S,  sigma. 

Sia  ;  sitbj.  of  Essere.     As  conjunction,  whether. 
Siama_/;  (tirnith.)  an  Indian  species  of  kite. 

*  Siare  ;=  Sciare,  to  back  water. 

Sibarit-a  m.\  as  E.  Sybaris  was  a  Greek  city 
on  the  gulf  of  Tarentum  in  Italy,  noted  for  effeminacy 
and  luxury.  Ajff.  -iticamente,  -ilico. 

Sibil-are  ind.  si'bilo  (L.,  formed  upon 
an  imit.  base  sui) ;  to  hiss,  to  whistle. 
Aff.  -atore,  -6tto  dim.  of  -o,  -iofreq.  sb. 

Sibilia;  (geogr.)  the  town  of  Seville, 
in  Spain,  also  termed  Siviglia. 

Sibill-a  f. ;  i.  sibyl,  of  whom,  ac- 
cording to  Varro,  there  were  ten, 
including  the  Persian,  Libyan,  Ery- 
thraean, Delphic,  Cumaean,  Samian, 
Phrygian,  Tiburtine.  2.  by  ext.,  crafty 
old  woman.  3.  Far  le  -e,  i.q.  Far  le 
cabale,  v.  Cabala  (i).  Aff.  -fno  adj. 

Etym.  Gr.,  fancifully  derived  <  Doric  2to- 
jSoAAa  for  0eo-0ouA7j,  she  that  tells  the  will  of  God, 
a  prophetess.  Really,  no  doubt,  a  dim.  <  sib.  a 
variant  of  the  root  sap,  to  know,  seen  in  L.  per-sibttst 
very  knowing. 

•Sibillare;  i.  to  suggest.     ii.  =  Sibilare. 

*  Sibillone  in. ;   i.   game  of  pretending  to  be  a 
sibyl,     ii.  =  Commettimale. 

Sibilo  m.  ;=Fischio,  whistle. 
Sicano  ;  Sicilian. 

Sicario  m.  (L.,<sica,  dagger,  root 
sec,  to  cut) ;  assassin. 

•Siccera  /.    (Gr.,  <  Hebrew    shekar);    strong 
drink. 

Sicche ;  so  that. 

S(cciol-o  in.  (for  Cicciolo) ;  i.  fibrous 
residue  of  pig's  fat.  2.  granulation  in  a 
wound.  Aff.  -etto  dim. 

Siccita  /  (L.,  <  sitcus,  v.  Secco); 
drought. 

Sicc6me ;  i.  since,  seeing  that. 
2.  as  soon  as. 

Sicinn-i,  -ide  / ;  (Gr.)  a  dance  of 
satyrs. 

Siclo  m.  (Hebrew);  shekel. 

Sicofant-e  m.  \  spy,  informer.  I  -i 
della  stampa,  the  "  yellow  "  press.  The 
word  is  used  in  Italian  in  a  sense  nearer 
to  its  Greek  sense  of  "informer"  than 
is  the  case  in  English. 

Etym.  Gr.,?'.  Skeat,  *«<i  Sycophant.  Davidson 
in  Chambers'  Dictionary  suggests  that  the  meaning 
was  from  that  of  bringing  figs  to  light  by  shaking 
the  tree,  hence  one  who  makes  rich  men  yield  up 
their  fruit  by  informations  and  other  vile  arts. 

Sicomoro  m.  (L.,  <Gr.,  <  Hebrew,  v.  Skeat, 
sut  Sycamore);  (fiat.)  i.  Egyptian  fig-tree,  Ficns 
sycomorvs.  2.  =  Acero  di  montagna,  sycamore  tree. 

Siculeggiante;  imitating  the  Sicilian  literature 
of  the  thirteenth  century. 

Siculo  ;  =  Siciliano. 

Sicumira  (Sugumera)  /.  (Arabic  SCrvktt 
mekmn,  joined  to  magnificence) ;  pomposity. 

Siciira  /;  i.  i.q.  Secura,  safety- 
catch.  2.  =  Capra  del  barroccio,  prop  for 
a  cart.  3.  safety  siding  on  a  mountain- 
railway  where  a  runaway  train  may  be 
shunted  on  to  an  uphill  track. 

Sicuramente  ;  i.  assuredly.  2.  con- 
fidently. 

Sicure'zza/ ;  i.  safety.  2.  assurance, 
confidence. 

Sicuro  (L.  securus,<se,  apart,  cum, 


SICURTA— SILURIANO 


567 


anxiety);  i.  safe,  secure.  2.  confident. 
3.  cool  before  danger.  4.  as  adv., 
certainly. 

Sicurta  /;  i.  safety.  2.  com- 
mercial or  legal  security.  3.  insurance. 

Sicutera ;  pop.  for  L.  sicut  erat,  the 
first  two  words  of  the  formulary  Sicut 
erat  in  principium  et  nunc  et  semper. 
Essere  al  — ,  to  return  to  one's  old 
habits. 

Sid-erale;  sidereal,     -ereo;  starry. 

*  Sidere  ;   for  Sedere,  to  reside,  abide,  D.  Par. 
33-   I24- 

Sider-ite  /.  (Gr.  aiSr/pos,  iron) ;  lode- 
stone,  -urgia/  ;  work  in  iron,  -lirgico  ; 
adj. 

*Sidio,  *  Sido  ni.  (L.  sidits,  star,  taken  in  sense 
of  pole-star,  hence  Jig.  north) ;  extreme  cold. 

Sidro  m. ;  cider.     +  =Sidio,  cold. 

Etym.  (in  sense  of  cider).  Cogn.  old  Fr.  cisdre, 
Fr.  cidre,  old  Span,  sizra.  Span,  sidra,  <  L.  sicera, 
strong  drink,  v.  Siccera.  The  phonetic  changes  are 
sicera>**sisfra,  **sis'ra,  ** sisdra,  sidro;  the  in- 
serted d  between  a  voiced  s  and  r  in  the  Romance 
languages  is  regular,  e.g.  L.  consuere  >  ** cos 're, 
**co$dre>Yi.  coudre. 

Sie ;  pop.  for  S"i,  yes. 

Sieday:;  pup.  for  Sedia,  chair.     *=I)ischetto. 

Si^dere  ;  =  Sedere,  to  sit,  but  only 
used  scherz.  in  the  jingle  Oh  che  bel 
vedere,  Di  primavera,  In  sulla  sera 
Spuntare  il  dl  — ;  Si  metta  a  siedere, 
Basta  cos). 

*  Sieffo  m.  (Arabic) ;  medicament  for  the  eye. 
*Sielo  w.;  =  Siero,  whey. 

Sieme  ;  Di  — ,  pop.  for  Insieme, 
together. 

Sienite/! ;  syenite,  from  Syene  in  Upper  Egypt. 

Siep-aglia  / ;  spreg.  -e.  -aia  / ; 
augm. 

Siep-e  /  (L.  saepes);  hedge.  Aff. 
-one  or  -ona  augm. 

Sterla/;  (artA)  =  Nottola,  latch. 

Sier-o  m.  (L.  serum,  <root  sar,  to 
flow,  cp.  Gr.  oprif  for  o-opdr,  whey, 
Sanskr.  saras,  fluid,  L.  Sarnus,  a  river 
in  Campania,  Russian  sir,  cheese)  ; 
whey  of  milk,  serum  of  blood,  etc. 

Aff.  -osita,  -oso,  -oterapfa. 

Sierra  f.  (Span,  sierra,  saw,  <  L. 
secare)  ;  mountain-chain  in  Spain  or 
Spanish  America. 

Siesta  /  (Span,  siesta,  <  L.  sextus, 
as  being  the  sixth  hour  after  sunrise) ; 
as  E. 

Siffatt-arnente  ;  in  such  wise,  -o  ; 
such,  IL  Fattamente. 

Sifil-ide/I  (from  the  name  of  a  character  in  a 
Latin  poem  by  G.  Fracastoro,  coined  from  Gr.  (rik, 
pig,  </>iA«u,  to  love);  (mid.)  syphilis.  Aff.  -ici'jmio, 
hospital  for  contagious  diseases,  -itico  adj.,  -opatico, 
relating  to  the  study  of  syphilis. 

Sifo  m. ;  (bot.)  Dutchman's  pipe,  Aristohchia 
sipho,  a  North  American  species  of  creeper, 

Sif6n-e  in.  (Gr.  vtyiov,  a  small  pipe 
or  reed);  i.  siphon.  2.  =  Tromba,  water- 
spout, also  termed  Sione.  Aff.  -cmo 
dim. 

Sifon6stomo  m.  ;  —  tide,  shorter  pipe-fish, 
Siphonostomtts  typhle,  v.  Angusigola  (ii,  b). 

*Sifulti  in.  pi. ;  (mar.)  shores  which  served  to 
keep  a  galley  upright  in  launching. 

Slgar-o  m.  (Span,  cigarro,  the  name 
of  a  variety  of  tobacco  in  the  island  of 
Cuba) ;  cigar.  Aff.  -aia  /  or  -aio  m. 


cigar-maker,  -e'tta  =  Spagnoletta,  cigar- 
ette, -e^to  dim.  small  cigar,  -iera  cigar- 
holder,  -one  augm. 

Sigill-are ;  to  seal.  Terra  -ata,  bole, 
a  kind  of  fine  clay.  Aff.  -atura. 

Sigillo  m.  (L.  sigillum,  a  dim.  from 
the  stem  of  signum,  v.  Segno) ;  i.  seal ; 
—  alzato,  in  a  letter  of  recommendation, 
seal  on  the  upper  part  of  the  envelope 
to  be  closed  after  the  letter  has  been 
read.  2.  (dot.)  (a)  —  della  Madonna, 
black  bryony,  v.  Cerasciola,  (i>)  —  di 
Salomone,  Solomon's  seal,  Convallaria 
polygonatum,  also  termed  Ginocchietto. 

tSigisbeo  ;«. ;  =  Cicisbeo. 

Sigizia/i;  for  Sizigin. 

Sigla  f.  (L.,  contrAted  from  sigilla,  pi.,  v. 
Sigillo) ;  initial  letters  used  in  inscriptions,  as 
S.P.Q.R.  for  Senatits  populitsque  Roma-mis. 

Sigmdide/V,  (Gr.)  (anat.)  the  mitral  valve  of 
the  heart. 

*Signera/I  (cp.   Fr.  saigner,  <  L.  sangmttare); 
blood-letting. 

Signific-are  iiui.  significo ;  t.  as  E.  2.  (leg.) 
to  intimate. 

Aff.  -amento,  -anteme'nte  (sometimes  -atamente 
or  -ativamente),  -ativo,  -ato  sb.,  -atore,  -atrice, 
•azione. 

Signdray:;  lady.     Nostra  — ,  the  Virgin. 

Signor-accio ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -azzo  ;  yuasi- 
pegg.t  one  wno  gives  himself  the  airs  of  a  great  lord. 

Sign6r-e  m.  (L.  senior,  v.  Senato); 
i.  gentleman.  2.  in  medieval  Florence, 
I  -i,  the  governing  magistrates.  3.  at 
Calabresella,  the  banker  who  deals  the 
cards  to  the  other  three  players  but 
does  not  play  in  that  deal.  4.  at  any 
game  where  there  are  more  persons 
ready  to  play  than  the  rules  require,  — 
means  the  one  who  stands  out  or  re- 
mains out  by  cutting. 

Aff.  -eggiame'nto ;  -eggiare,  to  domi- 
nate ;  -eggiat6re ;  -eggiatrice ;  -ello  dim., 
young  gentleman ;  -escamdnte  ;  -dsco, 
lordly,  but  often  in  ironical  or  con- 
temptuous sense ;  Educazione  -esca, 
education  of  a  boy  above  his  station  ; 
-dtta,  -dtto  dims.,  young  lady  or  gentle- 
man. 

Signoria  f. ;  i.  lordship,  rule,  do- 
minion. 2.  governing  body  of  the 
medieval  republics.  3.  gentlemen  as 
a  class.  4.  Vostra  — ,  your  lordship, 
as  a  mode  of  respectful  address. 

Signoril-e ;  i.  gentlemanlike.  2. 
(pop.)  tremendous,  awful.  Aff.  -me'nte. 

Signorin-a/ ;  i.  young  lady.  2.  (bot.) 
-e  salvatiche,  field-crowfoot,  Ranun- 
culus arvensis,  also  termed  Ranuncolo 
de'  prati. 

*  Signormo  ;  =  Signor  mio. 
Signor-6na  _/!,  -6ne  «/,;  attgnts.  of -a,  -e. 

8ignor-6tto  m. ;  attgm,  of  -e,  country 
'squire. 

*  Signor-so,  *-to  ;  =  Suo,  Tuo  signore. 

*  Signozzare  ;  =  Singhiozzare,  to  sob. 


*Sigrino  ?«.;  =  Zigrino,  shagreen. 
Siita  at,',  Shiite,  v.  Sunnita. 


Silaro  m. ;  =  Storione,  sturgeon. 

Sile  >n.\  i.  (&>/.)=  Finocchiellabianca,  meadow- 
saxifrage.  2.  (geogr.)  a  small  river  which  unites 
with  the  Cagnano  at  Treviso  and  falls  into  the  gulf 
of  Venice,  D.  Par.  9.  49. 

Silinay:;  (tot.)  —  da  mazzetti,  clammy  lime- 
wort,  Sileiie  armfria,  a  species  of  campion. 

Sileno  in.;  i.  Silenus;  there  was 
formerly  a  usage  of  placing  valuable 
statuettes  inside  a  figure  of  Silenus, 
hence  the  expression  Libro  che  e  un 


vero  — ,  pieno  di  tesori  nascosti.     2.  a 
species  of  ape. 

Silenografia  f.  (Gr.  o-tAA<uV<o,  to  mock);  art 
of  making  things  seem  different  by  optical  effects  of 
light. 

Silente  ;  poet,  for  Silenzioso. 

Silenziario  m.\  officer  in  the  Byzantine  court 
charged  with  the  duty  of  maintaining  silence. 

Silenzi-o  ;«. ;  silence.     Aff.  -osamente,  -oso. 

Etym.  L.  silentium,  <  sileo,  cp.  Gothic  ana- 
silan,  to  become  still,  root  set,  to  leave  alone,  v. 
Walde,  sub  Sileo^  Sino. 

Sileos,  or  Silermontano  m.\  (^o^.)  =  Sermon- 
tano,  ff.v. 

Silf-ide/,  -o  ;«.;  sylph,  spirit  of  the  air.  The 
term  was  coined  by  Paracelsus  from  Gr.  o-i'A^j  a 
grub,  or  perhaps  from  L.  sylphus,  a  word  of  Gaulish 
origin,  possibly  known  to  Paracelsus  from  its  occur- 
rence on  inscriptions,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sylph. 

Silfio  in. ;  (f>oi.)  a  N.  American  genus  of  Com- 
positae.  —  resinoso,  prairie  burdock,  Silpkium 
terebinthaceu  m. 

Silicatare  ;  to  impregnate,  e.g.  a  brick,  with 
silica. 

Silicato  M.\  (fktm.)  as  E. 

Silice_/^  (var.  of  Selce);  (chem.)  silica. 

Siliceo;  flinty. 


Silicio  m. ;  (Mew.)  silicon. 
'Siliginey^;  some  kind  of  corn. 


'Silimato;  t.o.  Solimato,  sublimate. 

Silio,  Sillio  m. i  (bot.)  i.  =  Fusaggine  conmne, 
spindle-tree.  2.  =  Psilio,  flea- wort. 

Siliq.ua  (Seliqua)  /  (L.);  i.  pod. 
2.  carob  tree,  v.  Caroba.  *an  old 
Syrian  coin. 

Siliquastro  m. ;  (hot.)  Judas  tree,  v. 
Albero  di  amore,  sub  Albero  (12). 

Siliqu-etta  dim.,  -6so  adj.;  v.  -a. 
Sillaba/  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Sillabo);  syllable. 

Sillab-are  ind.  si'llabo;  i.  to  read 
by  separate  syllables,  to  spell  out.  2.  to 
pronounce  the  syllables  distinctly  in 
speaking.  Aff.  -ario  reading-book  with 
the  syllables  separated,  -azione. 

Sillabic-o;  syllabic.  Dittongo  — , 
diphthong  making  only  one  syllable. 
Scrittura  -a,  v.  Sillabismo. 

Sillabismo  m. ;  representation  of 
words  by  a  single  character  for  each 
syllable. 

Sillabo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  <rvv,  with, 
o),  to  take) ;  summary,  catalogue. 

universitario,  list  of  the  professors 
with  the  subjects  assigned  to  each. 
The  term  is  especially  applied  by 
Roman  Catholics  to  a  catalogue  of 
eighty  heresies  annexed  to  the  ency- 
clical Quanta  cura,  addressed  by 
Pius  IX  to  all  Catholic  bishops, 
Dec.  S,  1864. 

Sillio  ;  . •.  Silio. 

Sillog-ismo  m. ;  as  E.  Aff.  -istica  formal 
reasoning,  -isticamente,  -istico,  -iziare. 

Silo  m.  (Span.,<L.  sirus,  =  GT.  o-tpo;,  pit  for 
storing  corn);  silo,  stack  of  compressed  herbage. 

Silobalsamo  m.;  wood  of  the  balm-of-Gilead 
tree,  Balsamodendron  Gilettdeitse. 

*Silocco  ȣ. ;  =  Scirocco,  south-east  wind. 

Siloe  m.  ((jr.  £uAaAoTj) ;  wood  of  the  eagle-wood 
tree,  Aloexyion  Agallochum,  v.  Calambucco. 

Sil6fago  m.  (Gr.);  wood-eating  (insect). 

Silografi-a/  (Gr.);  wood-engraving.    Aff.  -co. 

Silologi-ay:  (Gr.);  study  of  wood  and  trees. 
Aff.  -co. 

Silone  m. ;  (mar.)  water-spout,  cp.  Sione. 
*  Siloppo  JH.  ;=Siroppo,  syrup. 

Sil6rgano  m.  (Gr.  fiiAoF,  6/rfavo^) ;  (mus.)  a 
combination  of  wires  and  wooden  cylinders  played 
upon  with  a  drum-stick. 

Silu&tta/  ;  silhouette ;  this  meagre 
form  of  portrait  made  by  tracing  the 
outline  of  a  shadow  was  named,  in 
derision,  after  Etienne  de  Silhouette, 
French  minister  of  finance  in  1759. 

Siluriano  (Silures,  the  ancient  inhabitants  of 
south-east  Wales);  (gtol.)  as  E.;  the  term  was  first 


568 


S1LURIFICIO— SINISTRO 


used  by  Murchison  in  1835  to  describe  a  series  of 
rocks  well  developed  in  that  part  of  Wales,  a  sub- 
division of  the  Palaeozoic,  containing  hardly  any 
fossils  of  vertebrates  or  land-plants. 

Silurificio  m. ;  torpedo  manufactory. 

Silurio ;  i.g.  Siluriano. 

Siluripddio  m. ;  basin  where  tor- 
pedoes are  tested. 

Siluro  m.  (Gr.  <ri\ovpos,  <  root  sa/y  to 
agitate,  v.  Salire,  oupa,  tail) ;  i.  a  genus 
of  fishes,  Silurus.  2.  (mar.)  torpedo. 

Silv-ano  (L.sifoa,  forest);  as  E.    -6stre  ;  wild. 

Silvia  /;  (ornith.)  i.  --a  gola 
cerulea,  =  Pett'  azzurro,  blue-breast. 
2.  --  cenericcia,  =  Sterpazzola,  white- 
throat.  3.  --  di  Provenza,=  Magna- 
nina,  Dartford  warbler.  4.  —  palustre, 
=  Cannaiola  verdognola,  a  species  of 
warbler.  5.  -  -  rossiccia,  =  Cannarec- 
cione,  thrush-nightingale.  6.  —  sibi- 
lante,  =  Lui  verde,  wood-warbler.  7.  — 
veloce,  =  Lui,  chift-chafif. 

Silvicult-6re  m. ;  forester.   Aff.  -ura. 

Silvio  /«.;  {print.)  type  smaller  than  the  text ; 
"  English  "  type. 

Sima  f.\  (arrA.)=Scima,  ogee.  *  =  Scimmia, 
ape. 

Simbol-eggiam6nto,  -eggiare,  -icam6nte, 
-ico,  -ismo,  -izzare,  -o;  as  E.  (Gr.,  <  <rv/i/3diAA<«>, 
to  put  together,  infer.) 

*SimboleitayC;   i.    the  property  of  a  stretched 


string  to  communicate  its  vibration  to  another  with         wn^at 
which  it  is  attuned,     ii.  similarity  of  climate. 

Simiano  »t.  (perhaps  <L.  semi-anttuus,  from 
its  ripening  in  July) ;  a  variety  of  plum. 

Simifonti;  "a  strong  fortress  in  the  Valdelsa, 
S.W.  of  Florence;  in  1202  it  was  captured  and 
destroyed  by  the  Florentines,  with  whom  it  had  long 
been  carrying  on  hostilities.  Cacciaguida,  in  the 
Heaven  of  Mars,  mentions  it  in  connection  with 
some  individual  (who  has  not  been  identified)  of 
whom  he  says  that  his  grandfather  was  a  beggar  at 
Simifonti  while  he,  the  descendant,  had  become  a 
money-changer  at  Florence,  D.  Par.  16.  62.  The 
point  of  Cacciaguida's  allusion,  which  appears  to  be 
to  some  special  circumstance,  u  not  now  understood. 
Some  think  the  reference  is  to  an  incident  in  the 
taking  of  Simifonti  by  the  Florentines,  to  whom 
the  fortress  was  betrayed  by  one  of  its  defenders,  as 
is  recorded  by  Villani ;  Casini  thinks  there  may 
possibly  be  a  reference  to  one  of  the  Vclluii  family, 
who  were  well-known  merchants  and  money-changers 
in  Florence,  and  originally  came  from  Simifonti. 
The  special  allusion  may  be  to  Lippo  del  Velluto 
who  is  mentioned  by  Dtno  Compagni  (i,  18)  as 
belonging  to  the  government  which  expelled  Giano 
della  Bella  in  1295."  (Toynbee,  Dante  Dictionary.) 

Simigli-anza,  -are,  ?/.  Somigli-. 
*Simila/!  (L.,  -v.  .Skeat,  sub  Simnel);   wheat- 
flour. 

Similare;  homogeneous. 

Similargfcnto  m.\  i.q.  Argentano, 
German  silver. 

Similarita  / ;  homogeneity. 

Simil-e  (L.,  root  sew,  together,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Simple) ;  like.  Aff.  -itudine, 
-mente. 

Similbro  m. ;  an  alloy  resembling 
gold,  pinchbeck,  made  of  five  parts  of 
copper  with  one  of  zinc. 

Slmmetr-fa,  -icamente,  -ico;  as  E. 

Simo;  flat-nosed. 

Etym.  L.,  <  Gr.  ai/u.6s,akin  to  O.H.G.  swinan, 
to  fall  in,  sink  in,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Swim  (2).  For  loss 
of  w,  cp.  Gr.  <7iyt},  from  the  same  root  as  Germ. 
sch-weigen. 

Simoenta ;  the  Simois,  one  of  the  Trojan 
rivers,  D.  Par.  6.  67. 

Simon-iay^  (from  the  name  of  Simon  Magus, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  as  E.  Aff.  -eggiare,  to  practise 
simony,  -iacamente,  -iaco. 

Simpat-iayXGr.);  sympathy.  Aff.  .icamente, 
-ico,  -icone  augm.  -vezz.,  -Uiare,  -lizatore. 

Simp6s-io  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -faco, 
•iarca. 


Simulacro  m.  (L.);  image. 

Simul-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Simulate);  as  E. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Simultan-eo  (mlt.,<L.  simul,  v.  Skeat,  su6 
•uoc.)\  as  E.  Aff.  -eaminte,  -eita. 

Simun  m.  (Arabic  word,  lit.  poison  wind); 
simoom,  a  hot,  suffocating  wind  which  blows  in 
north  Africa  and  Arabia  and  the  adjacent  countries 
from  the  interior  deserts. 

Stnagdga/.  (Gr.);  synagogue. 
*  Sinagro  m.  ;  some  kind  of  Hat  fish. 

SinalefeyXGr.,  ///.  melting  together,  <oAet'4>ii>, 
to  anoint);  (from,)  a  contraction  by  suppressing  a 
final  vowel  or  diphthong  before  another  vowel  or 
diphthong,  so  that  the  final  syllable  of  one  word 
melts  into  the  first  of  the  other. 

Sinallagm-ay!  (Gr.);  mutual  covenant.  Aff. 
-at  ico. 

Sinalldra,  for  Sino  allora;  until  now. 

Sinant^ree.///.  ;  GW.)  =  Composte. 

Sinaptsmo  ;  i>.  Senapismo. 

Sinassi  /.  (Gr.  <nW£i?);  i.  prayer-meeting, 
fsp.  of  the  early  Christians.  2.  in  the  Greek  church, 
eucharist. 

Sincer-are  ind.  sincere;  i.  to  prove 
the  innocence  of  an  opinion  or  action. 
2.  to  convince,  satisfy.  3.  -arsi,  to 
ascertain,  make  sure.  Aff.  -at6re. 

Sinc&r-O  ;     i.     pure,    unadulterated 
(e.g.  milk),  genuine  (text),  true  (breed). 
2.    sincere,    downright.      3.     Farsi    - 
d'  una   cosa,   to   make   sure   about   it. 
Aff.  -amdnte,  -ita,  -one  augm. 

Etym.  L.,  perhaps  <  **  sem-c(r)e-rost  grown 
up  together,  the  radical  r  having  been  lost  as  in 
procerus,  tall,  </*r0,+stem  of  cresce.  For  a  some- 


similar development  of  meaning,  cp.  Fr.  naif, 
<  L.  natives.  An  alternative  origin  is  sittft  **cera, 
this  cera  being  akin  to  caries,  Gr.  jojpcu'i'u),  to  ruin, 
aicijpa.To$,  undamaged. 

Sinchisi  f.  (Gr.  <nryxvffis)  ;  {gram.)  confused 
sentence. 

Sincipite  m.  ;  top  of  an  animal's 
head.  *  fore-part  of  the  human  head. 

Etytft.  L.  sinciput)  either  for  senti-caput  or, 
since  the  word  occurs  in  Plautus  in  sense  of  pig's 
head,  for  suino-caput. 

Sincop-are,  -atamente,  -atura;  v.  -e  (i). 

SlllCOpe  /  (Gr.,  <  ow,  KOTTTO),  to 
cut);  I.  (gram.)  shortening  a  word  by 
leaving  out  some  of  its  middle,  as  when 
the  termination  -ato  is  reduced  to  -o. 
2.  (med.)  syncope,  reduction  or  stoppage 
of  the  heart's  action. 

Sincrasi/  (Gr.,  <  Kcpdvwfu,  to  mix)  ; 
(gram.)  crasis,  forcing  two  or  more 
vowels  into  one,  as  Noia,  sounded  as 
one  syllable. 

Sincret-ismo  m.  (Gr.  a-vyKprjTtfa  to 
fight  against  a  common  enemy)  ;  at- 
tempted reconciliation  of  two  irrecon- 
cilable parties,  e.g.  Protestants  and 
Roman  Catholics.  Aff.  -ico,  -ista. 

Sincron-ismo,  -o  ;  as  E. 
Sindac-abile.  -abilita;  ?'.  -are. 
Sindac-ale;  z-.  -o.     -am^nto;  -v.  -are. 

Sindac-are  ind.  sindaco  -hi;  i.  to 
submit  (official  accounts)  to  minute 
audit;  hence  2.  generally,  to  criticise, 
find  fault  with. 

Sindac-ato  m.  \  i.  audit,  v.  -are. 
2.  mayoralty.  *full  power  to  negotiate. 

Sindac-at6re  w.,  -atrice  f.  ;  in- 
spector. -atura;  v.  -are. 

Sindaco  (Sindico)  pi.  sindaci  or 
*sindachi  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Syndic);  i.  mayor,  syndic.  2.  (com.) 
(a)  inspector,  e.g.  of  the  affairs  of  a 
bankrupt,  (b)  auditor. 

Sinderesi  f.  (Gr.  avfr>jpTj<7is,  preservation)  ; 
remorse,  qualm  of  conscience. 


Sindone  /  (Gr.  o-tvdoi/r},  fine  cloth, 
\ht  name  of  Scinde  in  India); 
the  cloth  in  which  the  body  of  Christ 
was  wrapped. 

Sinecura  f.  (L.);  as  E. 

Sineddoche  f.  (Gr.);  {gram.)  synecdoche,  a 
rhetorical  figure  by  which  a  part  is  taken  for  the 
whole  or  vice  versA. 

Sinddrio  ;//.  (L.,  <Gr.  o-uve'5pioi/,  < 
<rui',  e6pa,  seat;  the  Hebrew  word  was 
a  late  borrowing  from  Greek);  i.  the 
Sanhedrin,  council  of  Jewish  rabbis. 
2.  iron,  or  spreg.,  council  of  rogues  or 
fools. 

tSinent1  ;=  Insino,  until. 

Sineresi  f.  (Gr.);  {grant.)  synaeresis,  coales- 
cence of  two  vowels. 

Sinfisi  f.  (Gr.)  ;  {atiat.)  symphysis. 
Sinf-onia/;  (Gr.);  symphony.     Aff.  -6nico. 

Singhiozz-are ;  i.  to  sob.  2.  to 
hiccough.  Aff.  -10  freq.  sb.,  -o  sb. 

Etym.  bit.  ** singlntiare,  <  L.  singultare^  < 
singuitws,  sob.  Etym.  of  singnltus  dub.,  p>-ob. 
either  <  **sim,  together,  v.  Insieme,  +  **gultu$,  < 
golfi>  or  cogn.  to  Gr.  <7i'f<w,  to  hi^s,  A.S.  sican,  to 
sigh,  from  an  ittiit.  base  suti. 

Singolar-e;  as  E.  Aff.  -eggiare  to 
have  a  curious  character,  -ita,  -izzare  to 
separate  into  single  items,  tosingularise, 
-mente. 

Singolo;  each,  separate.  Per  — , 
separately. 

Etym.  L.  singulus,  prob.<$em-,  once,  as  in 
sim-plex*  v.  Semphce,  the  rest  of  the  word  being 
suffix. 

Singozz-are,  -o ;  pop.  for  Singhi- 
ozz-are, -o. 

Singulto  m.\  poet,  for  Singhiozzo, 
sob. 

tSinibbio  m,\  wind  and  snow,  blizzard. 

Sinigaglia/i;  {geogr.)  a  town  on  the  Adriatic, 
now  Sentgallia.  Its  desolation  was  anticipated  by 
Dante,  Par.  16.  75,  but  his  anticipation  has  not  been 
verified.  Provs.  Come  la  fiera  di  — ;  chi  ha  avuto 
ha  avuto,  i.e.  we  do  not  go  on  discussing  what  we 
want  settled.  Come  il  jKitesta  di  —  che  comanda 
e  fa  da  se,  said  when  we  cannot  give  an  order  to  the 
proper  person  because  of  his  absence  or  incapacity. 

Sinigh&lla/  (for  Sirighella,<**^r/- 
t)  dim.<  L.  sericus^  silken,  v.  Seta) ; 
floss  silk,  a  secondary  product  in  draw- 
ing silk  from  the  cocoon. 

Siniscalcato  m.\  seneschalship. 

Siniscalco  (Senescalco)  m.  (bit. 
semscalcus,<  O.H.G.  siniscalch,  lit.  old 
servant,  u.  Senato,  Manescalco,  and 
Skeat,  sub  Seneschal) ;  seneschal. 

*  i.    the    title    of    the    governor   of   a    province, 
ii.    field-marshal    in    the    French    army    under    the 
Carolingian   dynasty  and   under   the   Angevin   rule 
over  Naples,    iii.  Gran  — ,  one  of  the  seven  principal 
ministers  of  the  kingdom  of  Sicily. 

Sinistra/;  i.  left  hand.  2.  left- 
hand  side.  3.  left,  in  political  sense, 
the  democratic  party. 

Sinistramente ;  disastrously,  in  a  sinister 
way. 

*  Sinistr-are,  obsolete,  except  in  heraldic  sense 
of  -ato,  q.v.\   i.    of  a  horse,  =  Imperversare,  to  get 
out  of  hand.     ii.    to  jib,  refuse  to  proceed,     iii.    to 
stumble,     iv.  -arsi,  =  Scomodarsi,  to  put  oneself  out. 

Sinistrato  ;  {herald.)  i.  (ordinary)  flanked  on 
the  left  by  another  figure.  2.  of  the  shield,  sinistered, 
divided  perpendicularly  by  a  line  leaving  one-third 
of  the  field  to  the  sinister  side. 

Sinistr-o  ;  I.  left.  2.  sinister,  wicked- 
looking.  3.  unfavourable  ;  Venti  -i,  con- 
trary winds;  Parere  — ,  unfounded,  or 
ill-founded,  mistaken  opinion  ;  Fortuna 
-a,  adverse  fortune.  4.  in  heraldry, 


SINISTROCHERIO— SLENTARE 


569 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

sinister,  i.e.  the  side  of  the  shield  to- 
wards the  left  side  of  the  bearer  thereof. 
5.  as  sb.,  accident,  disaster. 

Etym.  L.,  the  root  is  probably  sen,  to  achieve 
success,  the  left  side  having  been  considered  the 
lucky  one  in  ancient  Roman  augury ;  this  is  sup- 
ported by  the  parallelism  in  meaning  of  Zend  vatrya-, 
desirable,  vairyastra,  on  the  left,  O.  H.G.  wini, 
friend,  witiistar,  on  the  left,  Gr.  aptoros,  best, 
aptarepdc,  left.  The  meaning  of  the  root  is  deduced 
from  Sanskr.  saniyas,  more  useful,  Sanskr.  sanoti> 
he  wins,  procures,  Zend  hanniti,  he  wins,  procures, 
Gr.  acuw,  to  accomplish ;  v.  Walde,  sub  Sinister. 

Sinistrocherio  (L.  and  Gr.);  (herald.)  the 
opposite  of  Deslrocherio,  a  left  arm  which  comes 
from  the  dexter  side  of  the  shield  into  its  field, 
showing  therefore  the  fingers,  not  the  back  of  the 
hand. 

Sinizesiy^  (Gr.  trvv,  i'£w,  to  place);  (gram) 
synizesis,  union  into  one  syllable  of  two  vowels 
which  do  not  form  a  diphthong. 


Sino ;  (A)  i.q.  Fino,  till.  For  change 
of /and  s  cp.  Fr.  senegre1  and  Catalan 
sinigree,  <  L.  foenum  graecum,  Catalan 
sivella  <  L.  fibula. 

*(B)(L.);  i.  (4WMK.)MScoo,  sine.    ii.  =  Seno,  gulf. 
Sin6ca./  (Gr.  «Tvvo\ri) ;  (med.)  continued  fever. 

Sinodal-e;  i.  synodal.  2.  as  sb.^ 
Le  -i,  church  utensils.  3.  Eta  — , 
regulation  age,  viz.  forty,  being  the  age 
proper  for  women-servants  in  a  priest's 
house,  hence  scherz.  Donna  — ,  woman 
of  a  certain  age.  Aff.  -mente. 

Sinodcltica  / ;  letter  from  a  synod 
of  bishops  to  a  patriarch  or  to  the  Pope. 

Sinodatico  m. ;  rate  levied  upon  a 
parish  towards  the  expenses  of  holding 
a  synod. 

Sinbdic-o;  i.  (Lettera) -a, addressed 
by  a  synod  to  those  bishops  who  had 
been  unable  to  attend  it  2.  Tempo 
or  Mese  — ,  period  between  two  new 
moons. 

Sinodo  m.  (L.,<Gr.);  i.  synod, 
assembly  of  bishops  or  other  ecclesi- 
astics. 2.  (astr.)  conjunction  of  two 
planets. 

Sindlogo  m.  (L,  Sines,  a  Latinisation  of  the 
name  of  the  Chinese);  Chinese  scholar. 

Sinonim-am6nte,  -i'a,  -ico,  -izzare,  -o ; 
as  E. 

Sindp-ia  (Senopia)/;  (L.,<Gr.  atiowirurij,  from 
Sinope  in  Asia  Minor,  whence  the  material  was 
shipped);  sinople,  a  ferruginous  clay  yielding  the 
fine  red  pigment  .sinopia,  also  termed  Cinabrese. 
Andare  per  il  filo  della  — ,  not  to  swerve  from  the 
straight  path,  v.  Filo  (23).  Aft  -ico. 

Sin-6ssi_/;  ^Gr.);  synopsis.     Aff.  -ottico. 

Sinov-ia,  -iale,  -ite;  as  E.  The  word  wa* 
coined  by  Paracelsus  from  Gr.  <rvv  and  L.  ovum. 

Sinsino  w.;  =  Zinzino,  tiny  mite. 

Sin-tassi  /  (Gr.);  syntax.     Aff.  -tattico. 

Sinte-siy!  (Gr.);  synthesis.  Aff.  -ticamente, 
-tico,  -lizzare  to  proceed  by  synthesis. 

Sintom-o  (Sintoma)  m.  (Gr.,  T».  Skeat,  sub 
voc.)\  symptom.  Aff.  -atjco,  -atologia. 

Sinu-osamente,  -osita,  -6so;  as  E.  (L. ,  :-. 
Skeat,  sub  Sinus.) 

Si6ne  m. ;    i.  =  Sifone,  water-spout. 
2.    whirlwind. 
*  Sipa;  v.  Sipo. 

Sipdrio  m.  (L.,  a  var.  of  supparum, 
=  Gr.  ffi<f>apoy1  sky-sail);  curtain  in  a 
theatre,  v.  Comodino  (2). 

t  Sfpia  /. ;  =  Rabbia,  rage. 

tSipo,  formerly  Sipa,  D.  Inf.  18.  61 ;  Bolognese 
dial,  for  Sia  or  Si. 

*Sira /;  lady,  v.  Sire. 

Sirafti ;   Mount  Soracte,  D.  Inf.  27.  95. 

Sire  m.  (contr.  of  Signore,  q.v)\  lord. 

Sirena  /.  (Gr.  trtiprfv);  as  E. 

Siriaco  ;  i.   Syrian.     2.  Syriac  (language). 

Sirighella;  v.  Sinighella. 

H. 


Siringa/ (L.,<Gr.  o-Opiyf,  akin  to 
Lith.  fo'auraSj  pierced,  kiurti^  to  become 
full  of  holes,  Lettish  zaitrs^  hollow, 
zaur,  through,  root  kiur,  to  pierce); 
i.  (surg.)  syringe,  catheter.  2.  butter- 
syringe,  a  kind  of  cylinder  variously 
grooved,  through  which  butter  is 
squeezed  for  serving  up  on  the  break- 
fast-table. 3.  a  similar  implement 
used  in  shaping  paste;  Pasta  — ,  paste 
squeezed  through  a  syringe  and  fried. 

4.  squirt  for  scenting  the  air  of  a  room. 

5.  syrinx,  Pan-pipe,  an   instrument   in 
the  shape  of  a  little  organ  or  bird's  wing, 
made  of  seven  or  more  hollow  canes  of 
various  lengths  and  thicknesses  woven 
together  and  played  upon  by  blowing 
into   the   canes.      6.    (hot.}   syringa,  v. 
Salindia. 

Siring-are  ;  (snrg.)  to  catheterise.    Aff.  -atura. 

Siringotomiayi;  operation  for  fistula. 

Sirio  ;«.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  o-etpo?,  hot,  akin  to 
Sanskr.  tvis,  vehemence,  fzvsas,  vehement,  flashing, 
Lith.  tviska,  it  flares,  the  hottest  time  of  year  being 
when  the  sun  rises  and  sets  with  Sirius);  Sirius,  the 
dog-star,  also  termed  Canicola. 

Siro  ;/(?#/.  for  Siriaco,  Syrian. 
*Sirocchia  (Serocchia)yC  (L.  sororcttfa,  dim.  of 
sorer,  -v.  Sorella);  sister. 

*Sir6cchiama/!;  my  sister. 

S|r6cco ;  i>.  Scirocco. 

Sjrdppo  m.\  syrup,  v.  Sciroppo. 

Sirratte  in. ;  (ornitk.)  Pallas's  sandgrouse, 
Syrrhaptes  paradoxus. 

Sirtiy;  pi.  (L.,<Gr.  tnipris,  <  <rupo>,  to  sweep 
along);  (feogr.)  the  Syrtes,  two  celebrated  -sand- 
banks off  the  coast  of  Libya,  hence  Jig.  quicksands, 
difficulties. 

Sirvent6se  ;  v.  Serventese. 
*Sisamo;  v.  Sesamo. 

Sisaro  m.  (Gr.  aiaapo?);  (bot.)  skirret,  water- 
parsnip,  Slum  sisaffti/i. 

*  Siscalco  w.;  =  Siniscalco. 
*Sisimbrio  m.  (Gr.  <no-uj-i(3pioc) ;   (^/.)=Cre- 
scione  d*  acqua,  water-cress. 

Sfsm-ico  (Gr.  crtt<rn6<;,  <  <mw,  to  shake); 
seismic,  due  to  earthquake.  Aff.  -ografo,  -ologfa, 
-o!6gico,  -61ogo. 

Sisone  m. ;  (bot.)  hedge  bastard  stone-parsley, 
Sison  amomunt. 

Sissigndre;  yes,  sir. 

Sissizio  tn,  (Gr.  outrtrtTiof);  Spartan  common 
meal. 

Sistaltico  (Gr,  v.  Sistole) ;  contractive, 
sy.-,taltic. 

Sist6rn-a  m. ;  as  E.  -are;  vb.  -are  la  stiva, 
to  stow,  to  trim  a  ship's  hold,  -aticamente, 
-atico;  as  E.  -azibneyi;  regularisation.  Etym. 
L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc. 

Sisti  ni.;  little  pile  of  bricks  on  which  to  place 
the  levelling  line. 

Sistilo  fu.  (Gr.);  row  of  columns  at  intervals 
equal  to  two  of  their  diameters. 

Siatin-o ;  belonging  to  Pope  Sixtus,  esb. 
Sixtus  IV  (1471—84)  or  Sixtus  V  (1585—90).  La 
-a,  the  Sistine  chapel  in  the  Vatican.  La  Madonna 
-a,  Raphael's  painting  in  the  Dresden  gallery,  in 
which  one  of  the  figures  is  St  Sixtus. 

Sisto  m.  (Gr.  fvcrros,  <cruo>,  to  scrape,  from  its 
polished  floor);  winter  exercising-ground,  a  covered 
colonnade  on  the  south  side  ot  an  ancient  Greek 
gymnasium. 

Sistolay^  (L.  situla,  bucket);  strainer. 

Sfstol-eyC  (Gr.  o-uoroATi^oW,  orc'AAu,  to  put); 
(tneei.)  state  of  contraction  of  the  heart.  Aff,  -ico. 

Sistro  tn.  (L. ,  <  Gr.  ffeitrrpov,  <  crci'to,  to 
shake);  i.  a  metallic  rattle  used  in  the  worship  of 
Isis.  2.  (tnus.)  triangle. 

Sit-accio  Pfgg.t  -are  vb.t  -erello  dim.t  of  -o, 
stink. 

Sitib6ndo  (L.,  v.  Sete);  thirsty. 

Sitio  ;  Latin  word  =  I  thirst.  Essere 
al  — ,  to  be  in  extremis  (from  the  cry  of 
Christ  on  the  cross). 

"Sit-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  thirst  for. 

Sito(A);  i.  =  Situato.     2.  as  s6.,  site,  position. 

Etym.  L.  situs,  which  is  either  akin  to  Gr. 
(crt'^w,  to  found,  Sanskr.  fast,  dwell,  ksz-tis,  settle- 
ment, old  Bulgarian  u'ti-t  settlement  (v.  Walde,  sub 
Si/us),  or  based  upon  sino,  to  permit,  part,  situs,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Site. 


(B)  (L.  situs,  wasting  away,  prob.  akin  to  Gr. 
4>0tV<i»,  to  decay,  Sanskr.  ksiyate,  it  destroys, 
ksitas,  exhausted);  musty  smell. 

Sitologiay.  (Gr.  <rtr<K,  corn);  treatise  on  corn. 

Sitdnio  ;  Thracian,  hence  by  ext.  Oriental. 
tSitdso;   Cavallo  — ,=che  piglia  onibra  di  per- 
sone,  e  specialm.  di  ragazzi  e  donne  (Pelricchi). 

Situ-are,  -azi6ne ;  as  E.  (L.,<j/V«f,  v. 
Sito,  A.) 

Sivertato;  (mat:)  i.q.  Sgarrato,  lopsided. 

Siviera  f. ;  —  da  fusione,  shank,  ladle  for 
pouring  fused  metal  into  the  mould. 

Siviglia/J  i.  (geogr.}  Seville.  2.  a  kind  of 
snuff. 

Sizerino  /«.;  (or«/'M.)  =  Organetto,  red-poll. 
*Siziente;  part.  Sitire. 

Sizigie/  (Gr.);  (astr.)  sy/ygy. 

Sizio  m.  (for  Sitio,  q.v~) ;  application, 
perseverance.  Stare,  Tornare  a,  or  al 
— ,  i.e.  to  a  heavy  job. 

Sizz-a/  (**sidia,<L.  sidus,  which 
seems  to  have  passed  into  the  sense  of 
cold,  though  it  did  not  have  this  mean- 
ing in  any  known  Latin  author,  v. 
Assiderare,  Sidio) ;  cold  blast  of  wind. 
Ajf.  -etta,  -ettt'na,  -oh'na  dims. 

Slabbr-are;   i.   to  cut  off  the  lips. 

2.  to  round   off  the  corners  of  wood. 

3.  of    a   thing    which    ought   to    hold 
together,  to  break  away,  fall  asunder. 
AJf.  -atura. 

Slacciare ;  to  undo,  let  loose. 

*  Slagare;  =  Traboccare,  to  overflow,  inundate. 

Slamare ;  of  ground,  to  give  way. 

Slanci-are ;  intens.  Lanciare,  to  fling. 
-ato;  slim,  a  phrase  modelled  upon  the 
Fr.  e'lance'. 

Slancio  m. ;  i.  intens.  Lancio,  jump. 

2.    outburst,  rush,  impetus,  a  meaning 

adopted  from  the  Fr.  Man.     3.    (mar.) 

~  (di   poppa,  di  prora)  =  Inclinazione, 

rake  (of  the  stern,  stem). 

*Slandra  (Landra)/";  woman  of  bad  life. 

Etym.  dub.  Prob.  either  <  low  Germ,  slendren, 
cp.  Dutch  slenderti,  Germ,  schiendertt,  to  loiter,  in 
which  case  Slandra  is  the  more  original  form,  or,  if 
the  original  was  Landra,  <  O.H.G.  lantderit  thief. 
Cp.  Malandrino,  etym.  For  skndrett^  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Slender. 

Slappolare;  to  clear  of  burdock,  Lnppola. 

Slarg-are  ;  to  enlarge,  make  more 
open,  spread  out.  Aff*  -amento,  -atura. 

*Slascio  /;/.  ;  =  Rilascio,  dismissal. 

Slatinare  ind.  slatino  or  Slatiniz- 
zare ;  schcrz.  or  spreg.  to  introduce 
scraps  of  Latin  into  one's  speaking. 

Slatinata  /  ;  volley  of  Latin. 

Slatt-are ;  to  wean.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Slav-ato ;  washed  out,  pale.  Aff. 
-atura. 

Slav-o  ;  (geogr,)  Slav,  v.  Schiavo.     Aff.  -ufilo. 

Slazzerare  ind.  slazzero  (prob.  < 
Span,  lazo,  shoe-string) ;  to  fork  out 
(money). 

Sleal-e ;  disloyal.     Aff.  -mente,  -ta. 

Sleg-are  ind.  slego;  to  untie,  cp. 
Allegare.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura. 

Slembare  ind.  stembo ;  to  hang 
down,  out  of  the  proper  place,  as  the 
edge  of  a  sheet  not  tucked  into  the  bed. 

Slent-are  ind.  slento ;  intens.  Allen- 
tare,  to  relax.  Aff.  -atura. 

72 


570 


SLESIA— SMARRA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


Slesia;  (geogr.)  Silesia. 

$licco(I..o\vGerrn.,t>.  Skeat, .t«*  Sleek);  (silver- 
smith's term)  (Essere)  in  islicco  =  in  polvere  e  lavato. 

Slitta  /  (O.H.G.  slita,  v.  Skeat, 
.ra^Sled);  i.  sledge.  2.  in  machinery, 
guide-block,  slider. 

Slittare ;  to  sleigh. 

Sloffare  ;  intens.  Loffare,  to  pass  wind. 

Slog-are  ind.  slogo;  to  dislocate. 
AfJ.  -amento,  -atura. 

Sloggiare  ind.  sloggio;  i.  to  dis- 
lodge. 2.  irt/r.  to  retire. 

Slomb-are,  nearly  obsolete,  except 
in  part,  -ato;  i.  to  break  the  back  of. 
2>  fis-  '°  weaken,  e.g.  the  force  of  a 
passage.  3.  Part,  -ato,  crippled  or  fig. 
knocked  up. 

Slontan-are  ind.  slontano ;  to  remove 
forcibly.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Slmnacatura  f.  ;  =  Allumacatura, 
shiny  mark. 

Slung-are  ;  to  prolong,  -arsi ;  to  be 
slow.  Aff.  -atura. 

6lutare;  to  remove  the  luting,  f.  I.uto. 
tSmacacciare  ;  to  smash  flat. 
*Smacc-are,  not  obsolete  in  part,  -ato,  y.z:  ; 

1.  to  put  to  shame,  to  vilify,     ii.   to  depreciate,  to 
rale   unduly   low.      iii.    to   become   pulpy.     Etytn. 
A  confusion  from  two  sources,  v.  Smacco  (A)  and 
Macco. 

Smaccato  ;  i.  nauseously  sweet 
(wine).  2.  fig.  nauseous  (flattery). 
*Rimanere  — ,  to  look  silly. 

Smacchiare ;    i.   to  remove  stains. 

2.  to  clear  (land)  of  brushwood.     3.  to 
start,  e.g.  a  fox. 

Smacchi-atdre m.,  -at6ra/;  cleaner. 

Smacco  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  smAM,  sb. 
of  smdhi,  small,  >  Germ.  Schmacft,&\i\n 
to  Gr.  tr/uicpos,  but  not  to  E.  small) ; 
affront. 

*(B)(It.  macco);  abundance. 

*Smaci-are;  v.  -o  (i). 

*Smacio  ni. ;  i.  =  Macchie  fatte  al  legno  a  iinita- 
zione  del  noce,  walnut  graining  given  to  a  panel, 
ii.  =  Lezi,  affectations. 

*  Smacrare;=Smafirire,  to  grow  thin. 

t Smafer-a_/C;  =  Alterigia.     t-o  w.;=Birro. 

*Smag-are  (Dismagare)  (s-  priv.  and  O-H.G. 
magen,  to  be  able,  z>.  Skeat,  sub  Dismay);  i.  -arsi, 
to  be  dismayed;  Non  vo'.-.che  tu  ti  smaghi,  I  would 
not  have  tnee  deterred,  D.  Purg.  10.  106.  ii.  to 
turn  away,  D.  Purg.  27.  104.  iii.  part,  -ato,  con- 
founded, D.  Inf.  25.  146. 

*Smagio  /«.;  =  Smacio  (ii). 

tSmagire;  =  Portare  amaturitaun  tumore  perche 
disenfi. 

Smagliare  (A)  (Provenc,.  esmai  or 
old  Fr.  esmal,  v.  Smalto);  to  glisten. 

(B)  (s- priv.  +  maglia,  mesh) ;  i.  to 
break  the  links  of  a  coat  of  mail,  hence 
2.  generally,  to  break,  smash.  3.  to 
undo,  the  opposite  of  Ammagliare,  q.v. 

4.  (mar.)  to  clear  the  meshes  of  a  net. 

5.  --  una  catena,  to  take  a  chain   to 
pieces. 

*  =Smagare,  Scorare,  to  give  up,  to  cease  trying. 

Smagliatura  /  ;  coming  undone. 

Smagnetizzare ;  to  demagnetise. 
*Smago  tn. ;  dismay,  v.  Smagare  (i). 

Smagr-ire  ind. -isco ;  i.  =  Dimagrare, 
to  make,  or  become  thin.  2.  of  a  river, 
to  go  down.  3.  to  sterilise  (a  district). 
Aff.  -imdnto. 


*Smai  m.  (O.H.G.  stnAhl,  v.  Smacco);  woe. 

Smaliziare  ind.  smalizio  ;  to  make 
crafty. 

Small-are ;  to  remove  the  husk. 
*-ato  =  Dinoccolato. 

Smalt-ame'nto,  -atura ;  v.  -are  (A). 

Smaltare  (A)  (It.  smalto) ;  i.  to 
enamel.  2.  to  plaster  over,  as  a  wall 
with  mortar. 

*(B)  (It.  malta,  mud);  II  destrier  che  '1  fondo 
smalta,  the  steed  breaking  through  the  muddy 
bottom,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  31.  72. 

Smalt-imento  in. ;  ~'bsb.  of -ire. 

*Sma!tioso;  digestible. 

Smalt-ire  ind.  -isco  (**  smaltjan,  > 
O.H.G.  smalzian,  >  Germ,  schmclzen, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Smelt,  vb.,  and  infra, 
Smalto);  i.  to  digest,  esp.  that  which 
is  not  readily  digested.  2.  quasi-fig. 
to  sleep  off  (the  effects  of  drink),  to 
disperse  (a  crowd),  to  get  rid  of  (money). 

3.  =  Esitare,  to  sell  off,  sell  out.     4.  to 
carry  off  (water)  by  a  drain.     5.  to  put 
up  with  (an  affront).     6.    to  get  rid  of 
(an  encumbrance). 

Part,  -fto  :  7.  clear,  intelligible. 
8.  -ito  il  rigido  verno,  when  the  worst 
of  the  winter  is  over.  9.  Letame  -ito, 
well  rotted  manure. 

Smaltitdio  m. ;  drain,  sewer.  Bot- 
tino  — ,  or  Bottino  a  — ,  uncemented 
cesspool  where  the  sewage  soaks  away. 

Smalto  m.  (bit.  smaltum,  of  Ger- 
manic origin,  cp.  O.H.G.  smdzi,  =  Gothic 
smelti,  fused  metal,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Smelt,  vb.);  i.  artificial  stone,  concrete. 
2.  mortar.  3.  enamel,  a  flux  composed 
of  silicious  sand  mixed  with  oxides  of 
lead  and  other  metals,  together  with 
alkali,  forming  upon  fusion  by  heat  a 
lustrous  surface.  It  may  be  observed 
that  '  enamel '  is  <  Fr.  en.  amaile,  where 
amaile  is  <  old  Fr.  esmail,  cogn.  to 
Smalto.  4.  (melon.)  a  plaque  of 
enamelled  metal.  5.  as  a  colour,  blue. 
6.  the  enamel  of  teeth,  so  called  from 
its  whiteness  and  hardness.  7.  any 
bright  surface,  e.g.  green  grass,  D.  Inf. 

4.  118.     At  Purg.  8.  114  Sommo  —  has 
a  similar  meaning,  loftiest  bright  spot, 
i.e.  the  topmost  height  either  of  Heaven 
or    more    probably   of    the    Mount    of 
Purgatory.      8.      quasi-fig.    any     hard 
body;  Cuor  di — ,  stony  heart.    9.  San- 
guigno  — ,  blood,  regarded  as  a  complex 
fluid.      10.    (herald.)    ground-colour   of 
the  field,     n.  Rimanere  sullo  — ,  usu. 
sul  lastrico,  to  be  reduced  to  beggary. 

t&malvare  ;  =  Smallare,  to  husk. 

Smammolarsi(Smammarsi,+Smam- 
mararsi)  (s-  intens.  and  mamma,  teat, 
?'.  Ammammolarsi) ;  to  be  supremely 
delighted. 

Smanacci-are ;  to  clap  the  hands 
and  applaud  violently.  Aff.  -ata. 

*  Smancare  ;  =  Far  mancamento,  to  fail. 

Smanceiia  f. ;  usu.  in  pi.,  blandish- 
ments, mincing  ways,  affectations. 

Etytn.  unkn.  The  suggestions  are  (i)  It. 
smanziere  and  (2)  M.H.G.  smfichaere,  flatterer, 
neither  of  which  accounts  for  both  form  and  sense. 


The  meaning  given  by  Florio  is  "any  kind  of  fine 
apparell.. .or  ornaments  about  women. ..any  fancy 
facing  or  trimming'';  he  also  has  Smanciera  for 
woman  "that  loves  to  goe  gay  and  wasteth  much 
in  apparell";  this  seems  to  indicate  derivation  from 
bit.  ** manicin,  sleeve-trimmings,  v.  Mancia;  the 
initial  i  is  intensive. 

Smancer-dso ;  affected,  v.  -ia. 

•ffemanco  «;.;-Mancanza. 

*  Smanecchiare  ;-Smanicare. 

Smangi-are;  i.  to  wear  away,  e.g. 
the  design  on  a  piece  of  china.  2.  (print.) 
to  stop  off  some  of  the  printing,  ?v 
when  the  frisket  is  badly  cut  so  that  it 
covers  some  of  the  paper  which  it  should 
not  have  covered,  v.  Fraschetta  (4). 
Aff.  -atura. 

Smangiow. ;  blank,?'.  Smangiare(2). 

Smani-ayi;  I.  excessive  or  morbid 
restlessness.  2.  restless  desire,  craze. 

3.  Dare  nelle  -e,  to  show  the  utmost 
impatience. 

Smani-are  ind.  smdnio;  i.  to  rave. 
2.  —  di,  to  have  a  craze  for.  3.  to  sell 
off  quickly  ;  Aveva  due  ceste  di  fichi ; 
1'  ha  -ati  tutti,  he  had  two  baskets  of 
figs  and  sold  them  all  off  in  a  moment. 

4.  to  spend,  get  rid  of;  —  cento  lire  in 
un'  ora,  to  get  through  a  hundred  francs 
in  the  course  of  an  hour.     5.  to  go  away  ; 
lersera  -asti  di  sala  senza  dir  nulla,  you 
vanished    out  of  the   room    yesterday 
evening  without  a  word. 

Smanicare  (Smanecchiare) ;  to  take 
off  the  handle. 

Smanierato;  unmannerly. 

Smaniglia  /;  i.  i.q.  Maniglia, 
handle,  with  idle  prefix  J-.  2.  fig. 
sense,  brains. 

Smanigliare;  (mar.)  to  unshackle. 

Smanfglio  m.  ;  =  Braccialetto,  brace- 
let. 

Etytn.  **  ntonii  ttluHi,  dim.  of  L.  jnonile,  neck- 
lace, the  o  changing  into  a  under  the  influence  of 
M.miglia,  with  idle  prefix  s-.  MoniU  is<  a  primitive 
man  or  jnott,  meaning  neck,  z».  Skeat,  sub  Mane. 

Smanids-o;  madly  desirous.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Smannata  /  (It.  manata  with  s- 
intens.) ;  =  Frotta,  troop. 

*  Smantare  ;  to  take  a  cloak  off. 

Smantell-are  ind.  smantello ;  to  dis- 
mantle. Aff.  -amdnto. 

Smantigliare  ;  (mar.)  =  Imbroncare, 
to  top  (a  yard). 

*  SmanzierayX*- /«/>«$.  +  It.amanza);  coquette. 

*  Smanz-ieroso,  -eroso  ;  coquettish,  affected. 
tSmarcignare  ;=Far  marcia. 

t  Smargagnare  ;  i.  =  Smaltire(2).   ii.  =Scampare. 

Smargiass-are  ;  to  bluster.  Aff.  -ata 
sb.,  -en'a  blustering  disposition,  -o  blus- 
terer, -one  m.  or  -6na  f.  attgm.,  -onata 
poet,  for  -ata. 

Etym.  mikn.  Perhaps  coined  from  Gr.  trjunpa- 
yt'£<u,  to  make  a  crashing  noise. 

Smarginare  ind.  smirgino;  to  trim 
the  margins  of  a  book. 

Smargottare ;  to  transplant  the 
layers,  v.  Margotto(l). 

Smarra  /;  i.q.  Marra,  with  idle 
prefix. 


SMARRARE— SMORIRE 


57i 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Smart-are ;  to  clear  the  dirt  from  a 
stump  with  the  hoe,  Marra.  Aff.  -atura. 

Smarr-im6nto  m. ;  t'bsl/.  of  -ire. 

Smarr-ire  ind.  -isco  (s-  intens.  +  bit. 
marrire,  to  perplex,  <  the  Teutonic  base 
mar,  to  hinder,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Mar,  and 
cp.  Amarra) ;  I.  to  mislay,  to  lose,  but 
with  the  expectation  of  finding  again ; 
Condusse  fuori  il  cane  e  lo  smarri,  he 
took  the  dog  out  and  lost  him.  2.  fig. 
to  lose  (one's  senses),  to  miss  (the  way). 
3.  -irsi,  to  lose  oneself.  4.  part,  -ito, 
confused,  dazed. 

*  i.  =  SbagHare,  to  mistake,     ii.  to  mislead,     iii.  = 
Offuscare,  to  overpower  the  light  of.     iv.  to  forget, 
v.   to  alarm,  cause  to  turn  pale. 

Smascell-are  ind.  smascello ;  to 
laugh  heartily,  lit.  dislocate  the  jaws. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atamente. 

Smascher-are  ind.  smdschero ;  to 
unmask.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atora, 
-atrice. 

*  Smassaiare  ;  =  Spaclroneggiare,  Fare  da  mas- 
saia. 

*  Smassare  \  to  separate  from  the  mass. 

Smatassare  ;  to  undo  a  skein. 

*  Smattanare ;  to  become  cheerful. 

t  Smatteggiare,  Smattiare;  to  he  boisterous. 

Smatton-are  ind.  smattono;  to  take 
up  the  flooring.  Aff.  -atura. 

t  Smefero ;  =  Attillato. 

Smel-are  ind.  smelo  ;  to  take  the 
honey.  Aff.  -atura. 

Smelenslto ;  intens.  Melenso,  stupid. 

•Smelia  /.;  =  Donna  scmstica,  cunning. 

*  Sniellonito  ;  =  Di  poco  cnore. 

*  Smelmarsi ;  to  get  out  of  the  mire. 

Smembr-are  ind.  smirnbro ;  to  dis- 
member. *i.  =  Scalcare,  to  carve, 
ii.  part,  -ato,  weakly.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 

-atura. 

*  Smemorabile  ;  not  worth  remembering. 

Smemor-are  ind.  smemoro;  to  be 
forgetful.  Aff.  -aggine  (usu.  -ataggine), 
-amento,  -atdggine  forgetfulness,  -ata- 
mdnte,  -ato  forgetful,  *forgotten. 

Smemor-iato ;  pop.  for  -ato.  Aff. 
-iatone  augm. 

Smenc-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  make 
flabby,  enervate. 

*  Smenomare  or  *  Smenovire  ;  to  minimise. 
tSmenso;  immense. 

Smensolare  ind.  smensolo  ;  (arch.) 
to  form  a  bracket. 

*Sment-are;    to  cut  obliquely.      *-icare ;    to 
forget. 

Sment-ire  ind.  -isco  (s-  priv.  + 
mentire,  as  it  were  "to  un-lie");  i.  to 
contradict,  give  the  lie  to.  2.  to  re- 
pudiate (a  statement  attributed  to  one). 
3.  to  belie  ;  —  se  stesso,  to  be  unworthy 
of  oneself.  Aff.  -ita  sb.,  -itore. 

Smeraldino  ;  emerald  green. 

Smeraldo  (Smeralda  /,  Smiraldo) 
m.  (L.  tmaragduf,  =  Gr.  frfidpaySof, 
Sanskr.  marakld)  ;  emerald. 

*  Smcrare  (bit.  exmerare,  <  L.  fxt  merus) ; 
i.  to  purify,  ii.  to  go  blind,  ///.  lose  lustre. 

fimerci-are  ind.  smercio;  to  sell, 
retail.  Aff.  -o  sb. 


Smerdare  ind.  smerdo ;  \.(s-  intens.) 
to  dirty.  2.  (s-  priv.)  to  wipe. 

Smergo  m.  (L.  mergere,  to  plunge); 
(ornith.)  i.  red-breasted  merganser, 
Mergus  serrator,  also  termed  —  a  becco 
lungo,  -  -  minore,  -  -  segatore,  Su- 
gherone  ciuffuto.  2.  —  maggiore,  goos- 
ander, Mergus  merganser,  also  termed 
Mergone,  Poloro,  Sugherone.  3.  - 
bianco,  =  Pesciaiola,  smew.  4.  —  mas- 
simo,  =  Strolaga  maggiore,  great  nor- 
thern diver. 

*Smergolarsi ;  to  be  pulverised. 
tSmeria/l;  day  of  great  heat. 

Smerigliare  ;  to  grind  with  emery. 

Smeriglio  m.  (A)  (**j»yr;Vw///.r, 
dim.  of  L.  sinyris,  =  Gr.  o-pvpts,  emery, 
perhaps  akin  to  tr^uiw,  to  wipe);  emery, 
a  hard  mineral. 

(B)  (O.H.G.  j;«/r/,>Germ.  Schmerl, 
cp.  mlt.  smericulus,  Icelandic  smyrill, 
also  Fr.  ("merillon,  which  is  from  the 
secondary  Italian  form  Smeriglione ; 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Merlin); 

1.  (ornith.)  merlin,  a  species  of  small 
hawk,      Hypotriorchis      aesalon,     also 
termed  Sinerlo,  Sparviere  da  filunguelli. 

2.  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of  falconet.     3.   a 
species  of  dog-fish,  v.   Lamna.     4.    in 
rope-making,     loper,     a     machine    for 
laying  lines. 

*  Smeriglione  ;«.;  =  Smeriglio  (B,  i). 

Smeriglidso ;  containing  lumps  of 
emery. 

*Smeritare  :  to  lose  worth, 

Smerlare  ind.  smerlo;  (A)  (It. 
merlo,  battlement) ;  to  scallop. 

t(B) ;  =  Smallare,  to  husk. 

Smerlettare  ind.  smerletto ;  to 
make  little  scallops. 

Smel'lo  in.;  t.  scallop.  2.  =  Smeri- 
glio (B,  i).  3.  =  Sparviere,  sparrow- 
hawk. 

Sme"sso  ;  part.  Smettere. 

Sme'ttere  perf.  smisi  orsmessi,part. 
smesso ;  to  leave  off.  Re  smesso,  ex- 
king. 

Smettica,  Smettitey?  (Gr.  <r^»i^w,  to  wash); 
fuller's  earth,  a  kind  of  greenish  clay. 

Smezz-are  ind.  smezzo ;  to  cut  in 
half.  Aff.  -amento. 

*  Smiacio  m.  ;  =  Smacio  (ii),  affectedness. 

Smidollare  ind.  smidollo;  i.  to 
take  out  the  marrow.  2.  fig.  to  tire 
out.  3.  -  -  il  pane,  to  take  out  the 
crumb. 

Smigliacciare ;  to  eat  Migliacci, 
chestnut  cakes. 

Smilacey;  (L.,  =Gr.  er/ilAaf,  a  name  for  several 
species  of  climbing  plant,  and  also  for  the  yew-tree); 
(pot.)  stmlax,  a  genus  of  climbing  plants^  •.-'.  Salsa- 
parigtia ;  the  south  European  species  is  Sinilax 
aspera,  termed  in  Italian  Rogo  cervione,  Snlsa- 
pariglia  nostr.ile  europea,  Smiiace  spinoso,  Spino 
rampichino. 

Smillantare ;  intens.  Millantare,  to 
brag. 

Smilzo  (lit.  without  spleen,  Milza); 
thin,  poor. 

*  Sminchionare  ;=  Minchionare,  to  jeer  at. 


Sminchion-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  cease 
being  a  fool. 

Sminu-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  attenuate. 
Aff.  -iminto. 

Sminuzz-are ;  to  hash,  or  break, 
into  pieces. 

Ajf.  -ame'nto,  -atura,  -olare  dim.  vb. 

*  Smiracchiare  (dim.  itifens.  of  Mirare) ;  to  eye. 

Smiracol-are  ind.  smiracolo;  to  go 
into  ecstasies  over  trifles ;  part,  -ato, 
ecstatic.  Aff.  -one,  of  ecstatic  character. 

*  Smir-are  ;  i.  =  Mirare,  to  look  at.    ii.  Smerare, 
to  cleanse,     iii.  -arsi,  to  take  example  by. 

Smirneo;  of  Smyrna.     11  cieco — ,  Homer. 
Smirnio  in.;  (tat.)  Alexanders,  11.  Macerone. 

Smistamento  ;«. ;  Stazione  di  — , 
station  whence  goods  are  sent  off  in 
various  directions. 

Smisur-abile ;  immeasurable. 

Smisurat-o ;  immense. 
-dzza. 

Smobiliare ;  to  remove  the  furniture. 

*  Smocc-are  ;  =  -olare,  to  snuff. 

Smocciare  ind.  sm6ccio  ;  to  remove 
nasal  mucus. 

Smoccic-are  ind.  sm6ccico ;  to  snivel 
upon.  Also  intr.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

£>moccol-are  ind.  smoccolo;  i.  to 
snuff  a  candle.  2.  to  curse.  Aff.  -atoie 
f.  pi.  snuffers,  -atofne  dim.  of  -atoie, 
-atore,  -atura  candle-snuff. 

Smodat-o ;  excessive.   Aff.  -amente. 

Smoder-are  ind.  smodero ;  to  ex- 
ceed. Aff.  -atamente,  -atezza. 

Smoggiare  ind.  smoggio ;  to  abound, 
///.  overflow  the  bushel. 

Smogliarsi ;  to  desert  one's  wife. 

Smolendare  ind.  smolendo ;  to  take 
the  Molenda,  q.v. 

Smollare  ind.  sm611o  ;  to  soak  (be- 
fore washing)  clothes. 

•Smollicare  ;  to  remove  the  Mollica,  crumb. 

Smonac-are  ind.  smonaco  -hi ;  i.  to 
remove  from  a  convent  or  monastery. 
2.  -arsi,  to  cease  to  be  a  nun  (or  monk). 

*Smond-are,  * -inare  ;  =  Mondare,  to  peej. 

Smont-are  ind.  smonto;  i.  to  dis- 
mount. 2.  to  dismantle  (a  ship).  3.  to 
go  ashore.  4.  to  take  to  pieces,  e.g. 
a  bed.  5-  fig-  to  abandon  (a  resolution), 
to  upset  (a  plot).  6.  of  colours,  to  fade ; 
Vesticciola  -ata,  faded  frock.  7.  of 
prices,  to  drop.  8.  (mil.)  —  la  guardia, 
to  relieve  guard.  Aff.  -amento. 

Smontatdio  ;//.  ;  =  Scalo,  wharf. 

*  Smonticare  ;  to  dissipate  (a  hoard),  v.  Ammon- 
ticchiare. 

Smorbare  ind.  sm6rbo;  to  disinfect. 

Sm6rfi-a  /  (///.  distortion  of  the 
mouth,  Morfia);  I.  grimace.  2.  (bat.) 
—  amorosa,  bastard  indigo,  Anwrpha 
fruticosa,  also  termed  Barba  di  Giove. 
Aff.  -ata,  making  a  face ;  -6tta,  -ettfna 
dims. ;  -osamente  adv. ;  -6so,  affected, 
mincing. 

t  Smorfieta  /. ;  =  Lungagnata. 

*  Smorire  ;  to  turn  pale. 

72  —  2 


572 


SMORSARE— SOCIABILE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


*  Smorsare;   i.    to  remove  the  bit.     ii.    to  take 
out  of  one's  mouth,     iii.    to  gnaw  asunder. 

Smbrt-o ;    i.  deathly  pale.     2.  of  a 
metallic  surface,  dull. 

Aff.  -iccio  dim.,  -ire  to  turn  pale,  *-ore  pallor. 

Smorz-are  ind.  smorzo  (for  **Smor- 
liare,  <  Morte,  with  s-  intens.,  cp.  Am- 
morzare) ;  to  reduce  in  intensity,  to 
shade  (a  lamp),  to  dull  (a  sound),  to 
tone  down  (a  colour),  to  slake  (lime). 
—  fama,  to  smother  a  report.  -  la 
polvere,  to  settle  the  dust,  (mar.)  - 
una  vela,  to  furl  up  a  sail  hastily. 
-  1'  abbrivo,  to  check  the  headway. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atdio  =  -o,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Smbrzo     m. ;     (mus.)     soft     pedal, 
damper. 

*  Smossayl;  i.  =  Mossa,  movement,  ii.  loosening, 
e.g.  of  the  teeth. 

Smosso  ;  part.  Smovere. 

*  Smostacciare  ;  to  hit,  upon  the  mouth. 

Smostacci-ata /. ;  grimace  of  con- 


tempt. 

tSmostare  ;  =  Ammostare. 

tSmotare  ind.  smdto;=  Infangare,  to  cover  with 
mud. 

Smbtt-a  /  (v.  Motta);  i.  ground 
fallen  in  a  land-slip.  2.  i.q.  -amento,  the 
falling.  Aff.  -amento,  -are  lib.,  -atura. 

Smbvere,  Smuovere,  ind.  smovo  or 
smuovo,  perf.  smossi,  part.  sm6sso; 
i.  to  move  (implying  some  difficulty 
about  it),  to  stir.  2.  fig.  to  affect,  to 
excite.  3.  (mar.)  part,  smosso,  shifted. 

Smozz-are  ind.  smozzo ;  intens. 
Mozzare,  to  chip  off.  Aff.  -atura. 

Smozzic-are  ind.  smdzzico,  -hi ; 
i.  to  cut  off,  maim,  mutilate.  2.  to  cut 
short.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

*Smucciare  (T.  Mucciare,  H);  i.=Sdrucciolare, 
Sgusciare,  to  slip.     ii.  to  cut  obliquely, 
t  Smuccire  ;  =  Brontolare,  Sbuffare. 

*  Smugghiare  ;  intens.  Mugghiare,  to  roar. 

Smiing-ere  (intens.  Mungere) ;  i.  to 
drain,  dry  up,  /*'/.  to  milk.  2.  part. 
Smunto,  lean.  Aff.  -itore. 

*  Smunire  ;   to  remove  disability  for  office,  the 
opposite  of  Ammonire. 

Smubvere ;  v.  Smovere. 

Smurare;  i.  to  take  down  the  walls 
of.  2.  (mar.)  in  tacking,  to  loosen  the 
tacks  and  sheets  of  the  courses,  i.e. 
lower  square  sails. 

Smusare  ;  to  smash  the  face  of,  usu. 
as  a  threat. 

Smus-ata,  -atura/;  face  of  disgust. 

tSmusciare  ;=Smussare,  to  blunt. 

*  Smusicare  ;   to  have  a  sort  of  queer  taste  for 
music. 

SmuSS-are  (adapted  from  Fr. 
("mousser,  <  mousse,  blunt,  which  is 
cogn.  to  It.  mozzo,  docked,  shortened,  i>. 
Mozzo,  B) ;  to  blunt,  round  off  the  angles. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atura  chamfered  edge. 

Smusso  m. ;  i.  angle  rounded  off, 
bevel.  2.  tool  for  rounding  sharp 
corners,  chamfering  chisel.  3.  =  Smus- 
sato,  bevelled. 

Snamidare  ind.  snamido  (s-  priv., 
in-,  amido) ;  to  unstarch. 


ind.  snamoro;  scherz.  to 


Snasare  ;  to  cut  the  nose  off. 

Snatur-are  ind.  snatiiro  ;  i.  to  alter 
the  nature  of.  2.  part,  -ato,  unnatural. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atame'nte,  -ate"zza. 

Snebbiare  ind.  snebbio ;  to  clear 
away  (clouds). 

Sneghitt-ire  (Snighittire)  ind.  -isco; 
to  brisk  up,  v.  Neghittoso. 

Snell-o  (O.H.G.  snel,  >  Germ. 
schnell,  cp.  A.S.  snel;  Proven^,  esnel; 
old  Fr.  isncl,  the  original  meaning  was 
keen,  brisk,  as  in  provincial  E.  snell) ; 

1.  active;    Grassoccio,   ma  abbastanza 
— ,  a  bit  fat  but  fairly  active.     2.  slim, 
slender.     3.  (poet)  Onda — ,  swift  wave. 
Aff.  -amente,  -etto  dim.,  -ezza,  -ino  dim. 
vezz. 

Snerv-are  ind.  snervo,  pop.  Sner- 
bare;  to  enervate. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -atello  -atino  (tiins., 
•atezza,  -alore,  -atrice. 

Snesci;  intens.  Nesci. 

Snicchiare ;  to  dislodge  or  intr.  to 
go  out  of. 

Snidare;  i.  to  remove  from  the 
nest.  2.  fig.  to  drive  out  (the  enemy) 
from  a  stronghold. 

•Snighittire;  v.  Sneghittire. 

•Sninfi-ay;,  -o  in.  (It.  ninfa) ;  silly,  affected 
person. 

Snocciolare  ind.  snocciolo;  i.  to 
take  out  the  kernel.  2.  to  pay  out  a 
sum  of  money  readily.  3.  to  rattle  off, 
e.g.  a  lot  of  stories. 

Snod-are  ind.  snbdo;  I.  to  untie 
knots.  2.  to  exercise  a  stiffened  joint. 
3-  fis-  —  'a  hngua,  to  begin  to  talk, 
t -arsi,  to  sprain  a  joint.  Aff.  -atura, 
-evole  supple. 

•Snodolare;  to  dislocate. 

*  Snominare  ;  =  Torre  tl  nome. 

Snudare;  i.  to  lay  bare.  2.  to  un- 
sheathe. 

•So;  i.  =Suo.     ii.  =  Sotto. 
tSoaso  «/, ;  brill,  v.  Rombo(5,  c). 
•Soatto  m.  ;  =  Sugatto,  thong. 

Soav-e  (L.  suavis,  for  **snadiiis, 
root  swad,  to  please,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sweet) ;  sweet,  gentle. 

*i.  =  Morvido,  soft.  ii.  =Comodo,  comfortable, 
iii.  pliant,  iv.  (geogr.}  Suabia.  At  D.  Par.  3.  119, 
II  terzoventodi — ,  means  the  Emperor  Frederick  II 
(1212 — 50).  Aff.  -emente,  -ita. 

*  Soavizzare  ;  to  sweeten,  make  attractive. 

Sobbaggiolo,  So  waggiolo,  or  So  vag- 
gio  m.  (L.  sub,  bajulus,  porter,  v.  Bag- 
giolo) ;  i.  pad  placed,  e.g.  under  the 
foot  of  a  table,  so  as  to  keep  it  level. 

2.  lump  on  a  dress  made  by  something 
underneath  it. 

Sobbalzare  (It.  su,  balzare) ;  to  jump 
up. 

Sobbalz-O  m. ;  vbsb.  -are.  Di  — , 
with  a  start. 

Sobbarc-are;  to  subject  (a  person) 
to  a  burden,  -arsi,  to  take  a  heavy 
burden  upon  oneself. 

Etytn.     Ctfgt.  to  Span,  sobarcar,  to  carry  under 


the  arm,  or  perhaps  derived  from  it.  The  Spanish 
word  is  <  L.  sub,  brachiittn,  not  directly,  which 
would  have  given  sobrnzar,  but  through  a  form 
*•  subbrachicare.  If  the  Italian  word  is  not  derived 
from  the  Spanish  it  is  formed  in  the  same  way,  the 
reflective  form  being  the  earlier,  Sobbarcarsi,  lit.  to 
take  (something)  under  one's  arm,  hence,  to  charge 
oneself  with  it.  Cp.  Span,  scbfico,  and  Sardinian 
suercu,  both  =  armpit,  <  L.  sub  brachinin,  see  also 
supra,  Barca  (B),  heap,  and  infra,  Sobbarcolare. 

*  Sobbarcolare  (v.  Sobbarcare) ;  to  gird  up  one's 
garments,  ///.  fasten  them  up  under  the  arms,  cp.  I.. 
succitigo-e,  <  sub,  cingcre,  to  tuck  up  short. 

tSobbasta/  (L.  sub,  hastn,  v.  Asia,  3);  public 
auction. 

Sobbattitura/  ;  (vet.)  bruise  on  the 
sole  of  the  foot. 

Sobbillare  (Subillare)  (altered  from 
Sibillare,  to  suggest,  under  the  in- 
fluence of  L.  sub,  importing  secrecy); 
to  instigate. 

*  Sobbissare  ;  ?'.  Subissare,  to  upset. 

t  Sobboggiaia  f. ;  —  Sobbaggiolo,  padding. 

Sobbollire  ind.  sobbollo ;  to  simmer. 
Sobbollito  m. ;  flushed  skin. 

Sobb6rgo  m.  (It.  sotto,  borgo); 
suburb. 

*  Sobbraciare  ;  to  cook  under  the  embers. 
*Sobbrevita(It.  sotto,  brevita);  concisely. 

*  Sobbuglio  w.  ;  =  Subbuglio,  uproar. 

*  Sobole  f.  (L.  suboles)  ;  offspring. 

*  Sobranzare  ;  v.  Sovranzare. 

Sobri-o  (L.,  <  so-,  for  se-,  without,  ebrius, 
drunk  ;  cp.  sticors,  lit.  without  heart,  stupid  ;  for 
ebrius,  v.  Ubriaco);  sober.  Aff.  -amente,  -eta. 

t  Soccallare  (It.  sotto,  calle,  as  it  were  to  make 
a  small  path)  ;  =  Socchiudere,  to  half-shut. 

tSoccannare  (lit.  to  half-kill,  <  It.  canna, 
throat,  cp.  Soccallare);  to  stand  pestering  a  person 
for  something. 

tSoccapolo  w.  j^Cercine,  porter's  knot. 

*  Soccavare  ;  (agric.)  to  work  ground  deeply. 

*  Soccenericcio    m.  ;    bread    baked    under   the 
ashes. 

*  Socchiamare  ;  to  call  gently. 
tS6cchio  w.;  =  Succhio,  sap. 

Socchiudere  (L.  sub,  claudere);  to 
half-shut,  leave  ajar. 

Sbccida  (Soccita)  /;  a  kind  of 
partnership,  v.  Soccio. 

Sbccio  m.  (L.  socius,  v.  Socio) ; 
agistment  of  cattle,  the  owner  of  the 
cattle  sharing  the  profit  or  loss  with  the 
owner  of  the  land. 

Sbcco  in.  (L.,  <  Gr.  avi<xos,  of 
Oriental  origin);  I.  slipper.  2.  light 
comedy  (in  which  the  ancient  actors 
wore  slippers). 

*  Soccodagnolo  w/.;— Ppsolino,  crupper. 
Socc6mb-ere  perf.  -ei  or  -etti,  part,  -uto;  to 

succumb. 

*  Soccorrenza./;  diarrhoea. 

Socc6rr-ere  perf.  soccorsi,  part. 
soccorso  (L.,  <sub,  currere,  to  run  up, 
run  to  help);  to  help.  Aff.  -evole, 
-evolmente,  -ibile,  -itore,  -itrice. 

Socc6rso  m. ;  succour.  —  di  Pisa, 
tardy,  v.  Pisa. 

Soccbscio  m. ;  rump  of  beef. 

Soccotrino  (from  the  island  of  Socotra);  Soco- 
trine  (aloes). 

Soccre'scere ;  to  grow  slowly,  v. 
Crescere  (i). 

Soccutaneo ;  subcutaneous. 
Sbcer-a  /,  -o  m. ;  v.  Suocer-. 
Soci-a  /  ;  i>.  -o. 

Soci-abile,  -abilita,  -ale,  -alismo,  -alista, 
-alistico,  -ialmente,  -airine  augm.,  -eta 


SOCINIANISMO— SOGGIORNARE 


573 


Contralto  di  -elk  partnership  agreement,  -evole  i.q. 
-abile,  -evolezza,  -evolmente  ;  sociable,  etc. 

Socinian-ismo,  -o  ;  as  E.  The  Socinian 
heresy  is  named  after  the  brothers  Laelius  and 
Faustus  Socinus  (Sozzini),  who  in  the  i6th  century 
denied  the  doctrines  of  the  Trinity  and  of  the 
divinity  of  Christ. 

S6cio  m.  (L.,<the  root  of  sequor, 
to  follow);  i.  associate,  member  of  a 
society.  2.  partner. 

Sociolog-ia,  -ico,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Socrat-eggiare  ind.  socrateggio  ;  to  imitate 
Socrates.  Aff.  -ico. 

S6da  J.  (It.  sodo,  from  the  hardness  of  soap, 
etc.  made  with  glass-  wort);  i.  as  E.  2.  (bot.)  = 
Salsola,  glass-wort. 


Sodaglia  /; 
waste,  v.  Sodare. 

Sodalizio  ;«.  ; 
comrades. 


unploughed   ground, 
confraternity,  band  of 


Etytn.  L.,  <  sodalis  (fogn.  Gr.  trapo?,  for 
sjtetaros,  companion),  boon  companion,  originally 
an  adj.  ,  <.  **  soda,  =  Sanskr.  suadka,  habit,  <  stta, 
oneself,  one's  own,  and  root  dha,  to  do,  cp.  Gothic 
situs,  =  O.H.G.  situ  (>Germ.  Sittt),  Gr.  t,BK  = 
trFijdos,  L.  suetus. 

Sodamente  ;  firmly. 
Sodare  ind.  sodo;  =  Gualcare,  Fel- 
trare. 

*  i.  =  Assodare,  to  solidify,  ii.  =  Dissodare,  to 
break  up  ground.  iii.  =  L)ar  cauzione,  to  give 
security. 

Soddisfare  ;  i.g.  Sodisfare. 

Sod-etto  dim,,  -ezza  sb.  ;  v.  -o. 

Sodisfare  ind.  sodis-fo  or  -faccio 
sodis-fi  or  -fai  etc.,  like  Fare  (L.  satis- 
facere]  ;  to  satisfy.  Aff.  Sodis-facente- 
me'nte,  -facime'nto,  -fattivo,  -fazioncella 
-fazionci'na  dims.,  -fazione. 

S6do  (L.  solidus,  akin  to  salvus,  Gr. 
oAor)  ;  i.  firm,  solid.  2.  Oro  —  ,  solid 
gold;  Muro  —  ,  solid  wall.  3.  Ovo  —  , 
hard-boiled  egg.  4.  Pugno  —  ,  heavy 
blow.  5.  dry  (cow).  6.  Star  sul  —  ,  to 
take  the  essential  points.  7.  C  e  del 
—  ,  there  is  money  there,  or  of  a  couple 
of  lovers,  they  are  much  attached. 
8.  as  sb.,  pier,  buttress.  9.  foundation. 

*i.  whole  (coin),  ii.  cubic  (ell),  iii.  real  (pro- 
perty). iv.  =  Sodaglia.  v.  —  Ceppo,  block,  vi.  A  —  , 
=  A  bono,  for  good  and  all.  vii.  Di  —  .=  Gaglianla- 
mente,  bravely,  viii.  Metterc  in  —  ,  =  Deliberare,  to 
decide,  be.  as  sb.,  security. 

Sodom  -a  ;  the  city.  Aff.  -ia,  -ita,  -itamente  or 
-iticamente,  -itico. 

Sofa  m.  indecl.  (Arabic  soffah,<saffa,  to  ar- 
range) ;  sofa. 

Sofferenza/;  i.  patience.  2.  suf- 
fering. 3.  In  —  ,  behind  time  with  a 
payment  ;  Effetti  in  —  ,  overdue  bills. 

*i.  persistent  endurance,     ii.  delay. 

•Sofferire;  i.  =  Soffrire.  ii.  to  support,  D.  Purg. 
13.  50  and  60.  iii.  Ne  la  nota  soffersi  tuttaquanta, 
nor  had  I  strength  sufficient  to  bear  the  whole  of  the 
melody,  D.  Purg.  32.  63. 

Sofferitore  in.  ;  vbsb.  of  Soffrire. 

Sofferm-are  ind.  soffeVmo;  to  stop 
for  a  little  while.  Aff.  -ata. 

Softi,  Sofl  m.  (Persian  srt/i,  wise,  pious)  ; 
Sophi,  a  title  of  the  ancient  Persian  kings. 

Soffi-are  ind.  soffio  (cogn.  Proven^. 
suflar,  P'r.  souffler,  Span,  sollar,  soplar, 
<L.  sufftare,  <  sub,  flare,  to  breathe,  v. 
Flato)  ;  i.  to  blow.  2.  --  nel  pan 
bollito,  or  simply  —  ,  scherz.  to  play 
the  spy.  3.  —  una  cosa  negli  orecchi 
ad  alcuno,  to  tell  it  to  him  privately. 
4.  of  a  cat,  to  spit.  5.  to  puff  and  blow. 

6.  —  ex  tripode,  to  speak  like  an  oracle. 

7.  Aprir  la  bocca  e  —  ,  to  speak  without 
consideration.     8.    --   dietro   a  uno,  = 


Entrargli  in  tasca,  to  be  a  nuisance  to 
him.  9.  —  un  sigaro,  to  see  if  it  will 
draw.  10.  at  draughts  =  Buffare,  to 
huff  one's  opponent. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata  puff,  -atina  dim.,  -atore, 
-atora,  -atrice  (fsp.  in  sense  of  inciter,  prompter), 
-atura. 

*  Sofficcarsi ;  to  go  and  hide  oneself. 

S6ffic-e;  yielding,  soft,    -^^--emente. 

*As  sb.,  a  flat  piece  of  iron  with  a  hollow  in  the 
middle  on  which  a  piece  of  red-hot  iron  is  laid  through 
which  it  is  desired  to  punch  a  hole. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  souple,  <  L.  sitpplex,  sup. 
plicis,  <  sub,  +filic-,  the  stem  of  plicare,  to  fold,  v. 
Piegare;  //'/.,  therefore,  bending  down;  there  was 
probably  an  intermediate  bit.  form  *" sitfflex. 

*  Somcirsi ;  to  become  soft. 

Soffieggiare  ind.  soffieggio ;  freq.  of 
Soffiare,  to  blow. 

Soffierfa  / ;  mechanism  of  the  blast 
in  a  furnace. 

Soffiettaio  m. ;  bellows-maker. 

Soffiett-O  ;//.  ;  I.  bellows  (for  a 
sitting-room  fire).  2.  fig.  Lavorare  di 
— ,  to  play  the  spy.  3.  instigator. 
4.  (theat.)  puff.  Aff.  -mo  dim. 

*  Soffiggere  (L.  sufftgere,  to  fix  below);  to  hide. 

Soffino  m.  ;  i.  a  form  of  playing  at 
pitch  and  toss  by  blowing  the  coin  from 
the  hand  to  the  ground.  2.  blowing 
upon  a  coin,  so  as  to  turn  it  over  on  a 
table. 

S6ffio  (Soffito)  m.  •  puff  of  air. 
D'  un  — ,  In  un  — ,  or  Con  un  — ,  i.e. 
in  an  instant.  Soffio  in. ;  freq.  st.  of 
Soffiare. 

Sdffiola  / ;  (bat.)  melilot,  v.  Erbn 
(-59). 

Soffi<5ne  ;//. ;  i.  bellows-pipe.  2.  fig. 
iron,  spy,  tale-bearer.  3.  in  //.,  the 
fumaroles  of  the  boiling  springs  of 
Monterotondo.  4.  (bot.}  dandelion,  v. 
Dente  (5,  c). 

*i.  gun.  ii.  rocket,  iii.  as  adj.t_fig.  =Gonfione, 
puffed  up. 

*  Sofnoneria  f.\  presumption,  insolence. 
•Soffito  m.;  v.  Soffio. 

Soffitt-a/  (L.  sub,ficta,  for  subfixa, 
placed  under  the  roof) ;  garret.  Ajf. 
-accia  pegg. 

Soffittare;  i.  to  form  an  atlic. 
2.  to  form  a  soffit. 

Soffitto  m.  (var.  of  Soffitta) ;  (arch.} 
i.  soffit,  the  ornamented  under-side  of  a 
staircase  or  other  part  of  a  building 
visible  from  below  but  not  properly  a 
simple  ceiling.  2.  by  extension,  a  simple 
ceiling.  3.  —  morto,  the  upper  part  of 
a  room  separated  off"  by  a  flooring  from 
the  lower  part,  thus  reducing  the  height 
of  the  room  and  forming  a  lumber  room 
above  it.  *part.  Soffiggere. 

Soffoc-are,  Soffog-are  (Suffocare) 
ind.  s6ffoco,  s6ffogo  (L.,<**suJfiiHtare, 
<.snb,  fauces,  the  throat);  to  suffocate, 
stifle.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azi6ne. 

*  Soffoggiata  (It.  so-,  for  L.  $ul>,  and  *  Foggia, 
cloak) ;  bundle  carried  under  the  arm  and  hidden  by 
a  cloak. 

*  Soffolc-ere  (Soffolgere)  per/,  soffolsi,  part,  sof- 
folto ;  to  prop,     -ersi,  to  rest,  D.  Inf.  29.  5. 

*Soffondare;  to  submerge. 

*  Sofforare  ;  to  pierce. 
•Soffornato  ;  =  Incavernato,  sunk. 
*Soffr-angere ;  to  pine. 

*  Soffr-atta ;  v.  -etia. 


Soffredd-are  ind.  soffreddo;  to  cool. 
Aff.  -o  adj. 

Soffreg-are  ind.  soffre'go;  to  rub. 
*to  ofter  humbly.  Aff.  -amento. 

Soffr-ente ;  part.  -ire. 
"Soffr-etta,  -atta^;  need. 

Soffrfggere  perf.  soffrissi,  part,  sof- 
fritto ;  to  fry  slowly. 

Soffr-ire  ind.  soffro,  perf.  soffersi, 
parts,  soffrente  sofferto  (L.  sufferre); 

1.  to  endure,  bear.     2.   to  suffer.     Aff. 
-imento,  -itore. 

Soffritto;  i.  part.  Soffriggere.  2.  as 
sb.,  onion  sauce. 

*Soffr-ittoso  (-attoso,  -eltoso);  needy,  r.  -etta. 

Soffumicare  ;  =  Suffumicare,  to 
smoke  slightly. 

Soffuso;  =  Suffuso. 

Sofl ;  v.  SoflTi. 

SoBsma  ;«.;  sophism.  Aff.  Sofista  in.  or  /., 
Soflsttc-a  sophistical  arts,  -aggine  spreg.,  -amiinte, 
-amento  vbsb.,  -are,  -heria  habitual  sophistry,  -o, 
-ona,  -one,  -osamente,  -oso,  -uzzo  or  Sonstuzzo  dims. 

S6fo  m.  (Gr.) ;  philosopher. 

Softa  m.  (Turkish  word) ;  student 
of  Mahomedan  theology  attached  to  a 
mosque. 

*Soga  f.\    i.    leather    strap,    D.    Inf.    31.    73. 
tii.   cord. 

Etym.  Similar  forms  are  bit.  soga,  Basque 
soca,  Grisons  dial,  siiga,  old  Fr.  senivi;  (>•  Fr. 
suaff,  oniatnental  bordering),  Span,  soga,  Kreton 
sag,  Gaelic  siigan,  all  meaning  cord,  so  that  the 
word  is  both  Romance  and  Celtic,  but  its  origin  is 
unknown. 

*  Sogatto  ;«.;  =  Sugatto,  thong. 

Sogattolo  m. ;  a  cow-hide  garter. 

Soggett-abile ;  v.  -are.  -accio ; 
pegg.  of  -o.  -ameilte ;  submissively, 
-are  ;  =  Assoggettare,  to  subdue,  -ino ; 
dim.  vezz.  of  -o. 

Soggettiv-o  ;  subjective.  Aff.  -ismo,  -ivista 
one  who  refers  all  knowledge  to  the  internal  con- 
sciousness, -ivita. 

Soggett-o  aiij.  or  sb.  (L.);  subject.  Aff.  -tfne 
a»gm.  sl>. 

Soggezi6ne  /  (L.);    i.    subjection. 

2.  timidity,    awe,     usu.     Suggezione ; 
(Cosa,  Persona)  di   — ,  awe-inspiring  ; 
In  casa  nostra  non  c'  e  — ,  in  our  house 
there  is  nothing  to  be  afraid  about. 

Soggbign-are  (It.  so  ,  =  L.  sub,  + 
ghignare,  to  grin) ;  to  smile  archly, 
wickedly,  with  some  idea  of  superiority 
implied.  Aff.  -atore,  -o  mocking  laugh. 

Spggiace're  ind.  soggiriccio  soggiaci 
soggiace  soggiaccidmo  or  soggiacidmo 
soggiacete  soggidcciono  or  soggidciono, 
perf.  soggiacqui  soggiace'sti  soggiacque 
soggiac^mmo  soggiacdste  soggidcquero, 
parts,  soggiacente  soggiaciuto  (L.  sub- 
jacere);  i.  to  be  subject  to,  under  the 
power  of.  2.  to  succumb. 

Soggiacimento  m. ;  subjection. 

*  Soggiogaia  f. ;  =  Giogaia,  dewlap. 

Soggiog-are  ind.  soggi6go  (L.);  to 
subjugate.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azione. 

*  Soggiogo  in. ;  =  Giogaia,  dewlap. 

Soggiornare  ind.  soggiorno  (L.  sub, 
diurnare,  to  stay,  <  diurnus,  daily,  v. 
Giorno);  i.  to  make  a  short  stay,  to 
sojourn.  2.  to  take  care  of  (/;'/.  take 


574 


SOGGIORNO— SOLETTA 


daily  charge  of) ;  Bisogna  —  le  botti 
dov'  e  il  vino  nuovo,  casks  of  new  wine 
should  be  watched  ;  —  un  cavallo,  to 
have  charge  of  a  horse.  3.  -  -  una 
stanza,  to  air  a  room.  *to  delay. 

Soggi6ruo  m. ;  i.  stay,  sojourn. 
2.  place  of  abode.  3.  (mil,)  day's  halt 
in  a  long  march.  4.  Altr-e  roteando 
fan  — ,  others  (of  the  jackdaws)  fly 
round  and  round  and  do  not  go  far 
away,  D.  Par.  21.  39. 

Soggiung-ere  per/,  soggiunsi,  part. 
soggiunto;  to  subjoin,  add.  *to  arrive. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Soggiuntivo ;  (gram.)  subjunctive. 

*  Soggo  ;«.  ;=Solco,  furrow. 

Soggol-are  ind.  sogg61o;  to  put  on 
the  wimple,  v.  -o. 

Soggdlo  m.,  (Soggola  /.),  (It.  so-, 
=  L.  sub,  +  gola) ;  I.  wimple,  nun's 
neck-kerchief.  2.  (mil.)  chin-strap  for 
a  horse  or  of  a  kdpi.  *  =  Giogaia, 
dewlap. 

*  Soggrottare  ;  =  Lavorare  le  fosse  per  piantarci 
le  viti,  aggrottando  la  terra,  l>.  Grotto  (A,  ii). 

Sogguardare  (Sogguatare) ;  to  eye 
slily. 

tSoghetto  ;//.;  halter-rope,  7'.  Soga. 

Sbglia/;  I.  threshold.  2.  window- 
sill.  3.  hearth-stone.  4.  slab  for  the 
foundation  of  a  pier  for  a  bridge. 
5.  («dr.)  =  Copertella,  gunwale,  plank- 
sheer.  6.  —  di  conca,  lock-sill. 

*i.  =  Sogliola.  ii.  in  Dante's  Paradiso  =  Soglio ; 
for  the  various  thrones  or  ranks  of  the  Blessed, 
v.  Par.  3.  82,  18.  28,  30.  113,  32.  13.  tiii.  side-post, 
or  iv.  architrave,  of  a  door. 

Etym.  I.,  solea,  which  has  various  meanings 
all  springing  directly  or  indirectly  from  that  of  a 
thing  resting  on  the  ground,  solitm.  Soiiim  is 
probably  from  the  same  primitive  suol,  W(  =  under- 
mosl,  bottom  thing)  as  O. H.G.  s^t>elli  (>  Germ. 
Sclnotlle,  threshold).  If  that  is  so,  there  is  funda- 
mental connection  with  E,  sill,  7>.  Skeat,  sitb  Sill. 
The  kindred  Fr.  sfttil  is  <  solittlit,  improperly 
used  for  L.  solea  (not  the  same  word  as  L.  solimn, 
throne,  v.  Soglio). 

*Sogliaio  (Sogliare)  ;w.;  =  Soglia,  threshold. 

*Sogliato;  arranged  in  layers. 

tSogliere  in.;  (mat.)-  Batlente  di  boccaforta, 
coamings. 

S6glio  (solio)  m.  (A) ;  throne. 

Ktytn.     Ij.  soliuni,  throne,  akin  to   set/frf,   to 
sit ;  the  change  from  d  to  /  is  Sabine,  cp,  lacriina 
for  old  L.  dacrinta,  Ulyssfs—(^r.  'O$v<r<revs. 
*(B)(var.  of  Soglia);  threshold. 

S6gliol-a  /  (a  dim.  <  L.  solea,  sole, 
fish,  so  called  from  its  flatness,  v.  Soglia, 
etym.) ;  sole,  Solea  vulgaris,  locally 
termed  Sfoglia,  Sfoia,  Sfogio,  Lingua, 
Sena,  Linguata,  Palaia  verace.  Aff. 
-ina  dim.,  -ona  augm.,  -uccia  divi. 

*  Sogna  f.  (cogn.   Fr.  soin,  v.  Bisogno) ;  care, 
attention. 

Sogn-abile  ;  ?'.  -are.     -accio  ni.  ;  pegg.  of -o. 

Sogn-are  ind.  s6gno  (L.  somniare, 
<somnus,  sleep,  akin  to  Gr.  vnvos,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Somniferous) ;  to  dream. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atdra,  -o  sb. 

,tS6gnoro  in. ;  sleepy  fool. 

•Sola  f.  (A)  (Fr.  sail);  silk.  (B) ;  vtsb.  of 
Soiare. 

*  Soiare  (old  Fr.  diner,  slter,  perhaps  <  Gothic 
sfitkjoti,  to  feel  tickled,  through  a  form  **sotiare)', 
to  flatter  the  vanity  of,  make  a  fool  of. 

S61  (Solle)  ;«. ;  (mits.)  a  note,  G  of  the  German 
notation.     For  the  origin  of  the  name  v.  Do. 
'Solaccio  w.;=Sollazzo,  amusement. 

Solaio    (Soiare,   Solaro)    m.   (cogn. 


Provenc,.  solar,  old  Fr.  solier,  granary, 
<  L.  solarium,  place  exposed  to  the 
sun,  balcony);  I.  the  framework  which 
is  a  ceiling  to  one  room  and  a  floor  to 
the  room  above.  2.  attic,  loft. 

*i.  =  Piano,  floor,  story,     ii.  =  Strato,  layer. 

*  Solame  w.;  =  Coiame,  leather  for  soles. 

Solame'nte ;  only,  solely. 

•Solanato:  quite  alone. 

Solandre,/  //.;  (vet.)  malanders,  scurvy  erup- 
tions on  the  inside  of  the  hock  of  a  horse. 

Solano  m.  (coined  from  solari,  to  console,  the 
species  having  narcotic  properties);  (bot.)  — ,  or  — 
de1  giardini,  garden  nightshade,  v.  Erba  (ii  bis). 

Soiare;  i.  asE.    2.  Chiodo — ,  facial  neuralgia. 

*  =  Solaio. 

*Solaretto    nt.   (dim.    Soiare);    thin    layer,    7'. 

*  Solaio  (ii). 

Solata  f. ;  sun-stroke. 
Solatio  m. ;    i.   sunny  spot.     2.    as 
adj.,  sunny. 

Solativo ;  i.q.  Solatio,  sunny. 

"Solato;  i.  provided  with  a  sole.     ii.  re-soled. 

Solatro  m.  (formed  from  L.  so/art 
and  either  Gr.  larpos,  or  L.  ater,  cp. 
Solano);  (hot.)  \.  —  d'  India,  garden 
nightshade,  v.  Erba  (ii  bis).  2.  - 
legnoso,  woody  nightshade,  v.  Dulca- 
mara. 3.  —  maggiore,  deadly  night- 
shade, v.  Belladonna.  4.  —  ortolano, 
garden  nightshade,  v.  supra  (i). 

Solatura/  ;  (booting  soling  of  a  boot. 

t  Solbastrella  / ;  =  Salvastrella. 
Solc-abile  ;  v.  -are.     -accio  m.;  pegg.  of -o. 

Sole-are  ind.  s61co,  solchi;  i.  to 
furrow.  2.  (;«dr.)  =  Governare,  to  steer, 
tto  go  away  quickly.  Aff.  -ata  line  of 
a  furrow,  -store,  -atrice,  -atura. 

S61cb.e  in.;  the  E.  "sulky,"  light 
gig- 

Solcheggiare  ind.  solche'ggio;  to 
make  a  furrow. 

Solch-erello,  -etto  ;  dims.  ofSolco. 

*  Sotcio  m.  (Provenc.  solz,  souz,  <  Germ.  Sfilze, 
brine);  meat  minced  up  and  pickled. 

Solco  (Solgo)  m.  (L.  sulcus,  akin  to 
Gr.  oXcdr,  furrow,  (\KU>,  to  pull,  A.S. 
sulh,  plough);  I.  furrow;  —  maestro, 
furrow  between  adjacent  lands,  in 
ploughing.  2.  (mar.)  steerage  way. 

Solcbmetro  m.  (<L.  sulcus,  furrow, 
and  Gr.  /jLtTpov,  measure) ;  (mar.)  log. 

Sold-accio  in.\  /<££.  -o. 

Soldanato  m. ;  dominions  of  the  Sultan. 

Soldanella  /  (botanists'  Latin,  < 
L.  solidas,  piece  of  money,  the  leaves 
being  shaped  like  coins) ;  (hot.)  I.  — 
alpina,  Alpine  soldanella  or  blue  moon- 
wort.  2.  sea-convolvulus,  Convolvulus 
soldanella,  also  termed  Cavolo  di  mare. 

*  Soldaniere  w. ;  mercenary. 

Soldano  m.  (COJT.  of  Sultano); 
sultan. 

*  Soldare  ;  i.  =  Saldare,  to  settle  (a  bill),    ii.  =  Ap- 
pagare,  to  satisfy,     iii.  =  Assoldare,  to  recruit,     iv.  = 
Noleggiare,  to  hire.     v.  =Ammettere,  to  allow. 

Sold-arello  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  -o. 
Soldat-accio  ;«.;    i.    pegg.   -o.     2.    masculine 
female. 

Soldat-aglia  / ;  pegg-,  mob  of 
soldiers.  -611o  JH.  ;  dim.  of  -o.  -e'sca 
/ ;  soldiery,  -escamente ;  adv.  -6sco  ; 
like  a  soldier. 

Soldatfno  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Soldato. 
2.  military  cadet.  3.  toy-soldier. 


Soldat-o  m.  (It.  soldare,  to  enlist); 
soldier.  Aff.  -one  augm.,  -uccio  or 
-uzzo,  dim.  spreg. 

Sold-ino  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  -o. 

Sbldo  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sou,  Provenc,. 
sol,  Span.  s/te/do,<L.  solidus,  piece  of 
money) ;  i.  a  coin  now  made  worth  five 
centesimi,  nearly  a  halfpenny.  2.  =  Paga, 
pay,  esp.  of  a  soldier.  3.  —  d'  acqua, 
jet  from  a  hole  equal  to  a  Soldo  in 
diameter.  4.  Entrare  in  questi  cinque, 
or  venticinque  -i,  to  come  into  this 
business.  Chi  ti  domanda  di  quei 
cinque  -i?  who  has  asked  your  opinion? 
5.  A  lira  e  — ,  i.e.  rateably. 

*i.  grade  of  a  common  soldier,  ii.  Capo  — ,= 
Soprassoldo,  extra  pay.  iii.  —  del  braccio,  twentieth 
part  of  an  ell. 

Sbldola  f. ;  (bot.)  comfrey,  v.  Erba 
(129,  a). 

S61e  m.  (L.  root  sail,  to  shine,  from 
which  two  sets  of  derivatives  spring,  one 
with  /  as  in  sol,  Gr.  ijXior,  Gothic  smtii, 
and  another  with  n  as  in  Gothic  sunno, 
A.S.  sun>ie>  E.  sun,  the  former  being 
all  masculine,  the  latter  all  feminine,  i/. 
Skeat,  sub  Solar,  Sun) ;  I.  sun.  2.  Aver 
delle  terre  al  — ,  i.e.  to  possess  some 
landed  properly  ;  Non  aver  nulla  al — , 
to  possess  none.  3.  Luogo  dove  ci  si 
compra  infino  al  — ,  place  where  every- 
thing is  very  dear.  4.  Farsi  onor  del 
—  di  luglio,  i.e.  to  claim  credit  where 
none  is  due.  5.  Dividere,  Partire  il  — , 
of  duellists,  to  have  the  sun  in  the  eyes 
of  neither;  Vincere,  Perdere  il  — ,  to 
have  the  sun  in  one's  opponent's,  in 
one's  own  eyes.  6.  Sommo  — ,  God. 

7.  Dove  non  batte  — ,   i.e.  in  prison. 

8.  Isola  del  — ,  Sicily. 

Soleare  ;  (anat.)  Muscolo  — ,  the  soli:us  muscle 
of  the  leg. 

*Soleccliio  (Solicchio)  m.;  i.  shield  from  the 
sun's  rays.  ii.  canopy. 

Solecismo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <n<Xonao-^oc, 
from  the  town  of  Soli  in  Cilicia,  where 
Greek  was  corruptly  spoken) ;  as  E. 

Soleggi-are  ind.  soldggio;  to  spread 
out,  or  intr.  to  lie  in  the  sun.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Soleggiola  f.  ;  (bot.)  garden  sorrel,  Ruinex 
acetosa,  also  termed  Sollecciola,  Acetosa  coltivata. 

Solene  nt.  (Gr.  o-coAjji',  pipe);  sheath-razor,  a 
shell-fish,  Soldi  vagina. 

Solenn-e  (L.  solemnis,  <si>Hus,  entire,  annus, 
year,  meaning  therefore  ///.  "returning  at  the 
end  of  a  complete  year");  solemn.  Aff.  -emu tie. 
-ita,  -izzamento,  -izzare. 

*  Soleo  ;  =  Soleare. 

Solere  ind.  soglio  suoli  suble  so- 
gliamo  sole'te  sogliono,  ptrf.  solei 
solesti  sole  solemmo  soldste  solerono, 
snbj.  soglia,/ar/.  solito  (L.,<sn-,  stem 
ofsuus,  and  the  root  Ma,  to  do,  v.  Soda- 
lizio;  the  change  of  d  into  /  is  regular 
in  Sabine  words,  v.  Soglio) ;  to  be  wont. 
Part,  solito,  usual. 

*  Soleretta  f.;    solleret,   the    steel    shoe    of   a 
knight. 

Soler-te  (L.  solers,<sollus,  entire, 
•\-ars);  diligent.  Ajff.  -temente,  -zia. 

Sol6tta/  (dim.  of  Suola) ;  I.  sole  of 
a  stocking.  2.  thin,  loose  sole  placed 
inside  a  boot,  or  the  same  introduced 
into  the  sole  itself. 


SOLETTARE— SOMMERELLA 


575 


Solett-are  ind.  soletto  ;  to  sole  (a 
boot).  Aff.  -atura. 

Soletto  ;  dim.  intens.  of  Solo,  all 
alone. 

S61fa,  Zblfa  /  (from  the  notes  Sol, 
Fa)  ;  (mus.)  i.  musical  notes.  2.  musical 
scale.  3.  music  generally.  4.  Battere, 
Cantare  la  —  ,  to  reprove  sternly. 

*  Solfanaria  f.  ;  =  Solfatara. 
Solf-an611o,  -anellaio,  -are  ;  v.  Zolf-. 

Solfatara  /;  i.  sulphur-mine. 
2.  ground  emitting  sulphureous  gases. 

Sol  fa  to  m.  :  (ckem.)  sulphate, 
Solf-atura  ;  -v.  Zolf-. 

Solfeggi-are  ind.  solfeggio  (It.  solfa); 
(mus.)  I.  to  sing  scales  or  sing  a  tune 
naming  the  notes.  2.  to  sing  without 
words,  generally.  Aff.  -o,  singing  ex- 


ercise. 

Solferino;     dark    red. 


*As    sb.  =  Zolfanello, 


match. 

Solfln-0  m.  ;  =  Zolfino,  match.  Aff. 
-aio. 

S61f-o  m.  ;=Zolfo,  sulphur,  -orare 
ind.  s61foro  ;  to  fumigate  with  sulphur. 
-orat6io  in.  ;  fumigation-chamber. 
-oreggiare;  to  pour  out  sulphurous 
fumes.  -orico  ;  sulphuric.  -or6so  ; 
sulphurous.  -UTO  in.  ;  i.q.  -ato. 

*  Solgo  ;  v.  Solco. 
*Solicandola/;  =  Solatio. 
*Solicchio  m.  ;  =  Solecchio. 

Solicello  m.  (dim.  of  Sole)  ;  hazy, 
murky  sun. 

Solicino  m.  (dim.  vezz.  of  Sole)  ;  the 
sun  in  winter. 

Solidal-e  ;  (leg.)  joint  and  several. 
Aff.  -mente. 

Solidare;  =  Assodare,  to  solidify. 

Solidari-o  ;  (leg.)  i.q.  Solidale.  Aff. 
-eta. 

S61id-o  (L.,  akin  to  sollus,  stilvus, 
v.  Salvo);  i.  solid;  In  —  ,  entirely, 
without  restriction.  2.  strong,  firm. 
Aff.  -ezza,  -ificare,  -ita. 

Solidunguli  tn.  pi.  (L.  solidus,  ungitla,  hoof); 
animals  with  the  hoof  in  one  piece. 
Solildquio  tn.;  as  K. 
Sdlirna  ;  {poet.)  Jerusalem. 

*  Solimare  (Silimare);  (cftettt.)  to  sublimate. 
*Solin-ay^;  sunny  place. 

*  Solin-are  ;  to  dry  in  the  sun. 

Soling-o  (It.  solo,  with  Germanic 
suffix  -inc);  solitary,  lonely.  Aff. 
-ame'nte. 

Sol(n-0  m.  ;  starched  collar  or  cuff. 
Aff.  -one. 

Etyni.  Prob.<.  Fr.  solin,  streak  of  plaster  such 
as  fills  the  interval  between  adjacent  joists  or  lines 
of  tiles,  originally  the  interval  itself,  <  Fr.  sole,  flat 
board  ;  a  piece  of  plastering  like  this  might  look  in 
certain  positions  something  like  a  collar.  Sole  is< 
bit.  sola,  M.  pi.  of  L.  solum,  altered  into  a./  sing. 
The  root-idea  of  solittn  is  "  basis,"  and  its  derivatives 
include  a  variety  of  flat  objects,  v.  Sogliola,  Suola, 
Stioto. 

*SoIio  m.  ;  =  Soglio,  throne. 

Solfpedi  m.  pl.\  i.q.  Solidunguli. 

Solista  m.  ;  (mus.)  soloist. 

Solitamente  ;  usually,  v.  Solere. 

Solitari-o  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  as  sb., 
hermit.  3.  ring  set  with  a  brilliant. 
4.  patience  (card-game).  Aff.  -ame'nte. 

S61it-0  ;  i.  part.  Solere.  2.  as  adj., 
usual;  Al  —  ,  as  usual;  Per  —  .habitu- 
ally ;  Essere  il  —  ,  to  be  the  same 


as  usual  ;    Siamo  alle  -e,  here  we  are 

again. 

Solitudine  /:.  as  E. 

Solfvago  ;  wandering  alone. 

tS611a./.;  blister  from  walking,  v.  Sollare,  Sollo. 
tSollacca  /  (fur  "Asollacca,  <  Asolare   in  its 
orig.  sense  of  breathing  hard)  ;   panting. 

*  Sollalzare  ,  to  raise  slightly. 

*  Sollare  ;   "  to  empty  or  to  make  hollow.     AJso 
to  flaw  as  somtime  iron  is,  to  Hunnycombe"  (Florio). 

*  Sollastricare  ;  to  pave,  r;.  Lastrirare. 
Sollazz-amento,  -are,  -evole,  -evolmente; 

v.  -o. 

Sollazzo  m.  (L.  solatium,  comfort, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Solace)  ;  amusement. 

*i.=Scherzo.     ii.  ^.Sollievp.     iii,  =  Soccorso. 
tSoIlecciola  /.;    (f>ot.)  i.  =  Soleggiola,    sorrel. 
ii.    groundsel,  v.   Erba  (19). 

Sollecitamdnte  ;  with  all  speed. 
Sollecit-are  ind.  sollecito  ;  to  hasten 
forward,  to  stimulate. 

*  i.    to  urge.      ii.    to   frequent,     iii.    to   torment. 
A_ff.  -amemo,  -ativo. 

Sollecit-atore  m.  ;  i.v.  -are.  2.  im- 
portunate petitioner,  esp.  on  behalf  of 
others  than  himself.  3.  forwarding 
clerk.  Aff.  -atrice. 

Sollecitazi6ney.  ;  solicitation. 


(L.  solicitus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Solicit);  i.  eager.  2.  speedy.  3.  soli- 
citous. 4.  early  rising;  Uomo  —  non 
fu  mai  povero,  early  risers  never  are 
poor. 

Sollecitiidine/;  i.  solicitude,  care. 
2.  despatch,  zealous  haste.  *  com- 
mission, charge. 

*  Sollenare  ;  =  Allenire,  to  slacken. 

Solle6ne,  Solli6ne  m.  (It.  sole, 
leone)  ;  dog  days,  when  the  sun  is  in 
Leo. 

Solletic-are  ind.  solletico  (L.  su6,+ 
**  titillicare,  dim.  of  L.  titillare,  with 
metathesis  of  the  /  and  /  and  aphaeresis 
of  ti  as  in  Dileticare)  ;  to  tickle.  Aff. 
-am&ito  -o  s6s.,  -oso  pleasing. 

Sollev-are  ind.  sollievo  sollievi 
solleva,  solleviamo  sollevate  sollevano 
(L.  snblevare,  v.  Lieve);  I.  to  raise. 
2.  fig.  to  cheer  up.  -arsi  :  3.  to  get 
better  (from  an  illness).  4.  to  rise  in 
revolt.  Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atura. 

Sollevazi6ne  /  ;  rebellion,  'ele- 
vation. 

Solli^VO  m.  ;  relief. 

tSollingoro  in.  (**  sublingiilus,  dim.  of  bit. 
sublingimn}  ',=  Scilinguagnolo. 

Solli6ne  m.  ;  pop.  for  Solleone. 

*  Sollo  (prob.  <**  soltttultts,  (flirt,  of  L.  solittus, 
loose,  cp.  Spalla<  spatula):  i.  loose,  D.  Inf.  16.  28 
(referring  to  the  burning  sand),  ii.  soft,  yielding, 
D.  Purg.  27.  40. 

Sollucher-are  ind.  solluchero  ;  to 
attract.  -am6nto  m.  ;  strong  wish. 

Etytn.  **  saliviculare,  dim.  of  L.  salivary,  cp. 
Modenese  dial,  form  sajttgla,  lit.  therefore,  "to  make 
the  mouth  water."  The  it  of  Sollucherare  represents 
the  v  of  saliviculare  . 

Solluchero  m.  (vbsb.  of  Sollucherare)  ; 
Andare  in  —  ,  to  thrill  with  joy. 

S61o  (L.)  ;  i.  as  adj.,  sole,  alone, 
only.  2.  as  adv.,  only,  however.  3.  - 
che,  on  the  simple  condition  that  ; 
Dagliele  solo  che  le  chieda,  give  them 
to  her  on  her  simple  request.  4.  (mus.) 
as  sb.,  as  E. 


S61o  m. ',  v.  Suolo. 

Soloneggiare  ind.  soloneggio ;  to  affect  to  be 
a  Solon. 

*Solreutte  tff. ;  {mus.)  scale. 
Solstizi-o  m.  (L.);  solstice.    Aff.  -ale  adj. 

Soltanto;  only. 

Solubil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

Solutivo ;  laxative. 

Soluziriney:;  as  E.     'diarrhoea. 
Solventezza  /.;  solvency. 

Sblvere  perf.  solvei,  parts,  splvente 
soluto ;  i.  =  Sciogliere,  to  dissolve. 
2.  to  solve.  3.  —  i  creditor!,  to  settle 
with  one's  creditors. 

*  i.  Da  qucsta  tema  acciocche  tu  ti  solve,  that 
thou  mayest  be  quit  of  this  fear,  D.  Inf.  2.  49. 
ii.  =  Spossare,  to  weaken,  iii.  to  pay.  iv.  —  il 
venire,  to  move  the  bowels. 

Solvfbil-e;  solvent. 
Solvibilita  / ;  solvency. 
Solvitdre  m. ;  vbsb.  Solvere. 

S6in-a  /  (bit.  salma,  <  Gr.  o-ay/ia, 
<o-aTTw,  to  pack,  v.  Salma;  cp.  Germ. 
Snum-  in  Saumtkier,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sumpter) ;  i.  burden,  load,  strictly  on 
a  pack-saddle;  Bestia  da  — ,  beast  of 
burden ;  A  -e,  in  great  abundance. 
2.  as  a  measure  of  quantity,  a  load, 
varying  according  to  locality  and  the 
nature  of  the  commodity. 

*i.  treasure,  precious  article,  ii.  Pareggiar  or 
Ragguagliar  le  -e,  fig.  (a)  to  arrange  things  fairly, 
((^)  to  act  cautiously. 

•Somaio  ;  suitable  for  loading  on  a  pack-saddle. 

Soniar-o  ;«.  (It.  soma);  ass.  Aff.  -a 
/.,  -accio pegg.,  -ello  -ino  dims. 

Somasco  (from  the  name  of  a  place  near  Ber- 
gamo); Ordine  — ,  an  Order  founded  in  the  i6th 
century  by  G.  Emiliani  for  teaching  the  children  of 
the  poor. 

Somat-ico(Gr.);  bodily.    Aff.  -ologia. 
*Sombuglio;  v.  Subbuglio. 

Someggiare  ind.  someggio ;  to  carry 
upon  a  Soma. 

Som-er611a,  -e"tta  dims.,  -ettina 
sub-dim.,  of  -a. 

*  Someria  f.  \  —  Salmeria,  baggage-train. 

Somi6r-e,  -o  in. ;  i.  =  Somaro,  ass. 
2.  seating  for  organ-pipes. 

Somigli-are  (It.  simile) ;  to  resemble. 
Aff.  -antem&ne,  -anza. 

S6mma  f.  (L.  summa,<  summits, 
highest,  v.  Sommo) ;  I.  sum;  —  retro, 
amount  brought  forward.  2.  summary, 
compendium. 

*i.  end,  top.     ii.  Dare  in  — ,  =  Acottimo. 

Sommacco  tn.  (co^n.  Fr.  and  Proven9-  sitrnac, 
Span,  zumaque,  <  Arabic  sommfiy');  t.  (oat.)  (a)  — 
d'  America,  smooth-leaved  sumach,  Rhus  glaora, 
also  termed  Albero  da  aceto ;  (6)  —  dei  conciatori, 
currier's  sumach,  Kbits  coriaria ;  (c)  —  corno  di 
cervo,  stag's  horn  sumach,  Rhus  typkintt :  (a)  —  da 
sego  del  Giappone,  Japanese  tallow  sumach,  Kkus 
succedanea;  (e)  —  velenoso,  poison  sumach,  Rhus 
radicans.  2.  leather  stained  with  sumach  leaves. 

Sommame'nte ;  in  the  highest 
degree. 

Sommare  ind.  sommo;  to  sum  up, 
add  up. 

Sommarella  /. ;  dim.  Somma. 

Sommari-o;  summary.     AJf.  -amente. 
*SommatayC;  spiced  food,  causing  thirst. 
*Sommate  m. ;  i.q.  Ottimate,  great  personage. 

Sommato  m. ;  sum  total. 
Sommer&lla  /  ;  i.q.  Sommarella. 


576 


SOMMERGERE— SOPPOTTIERE 


Somm6rg-ere  inti.  sommergo  :i,perf. 
sommersi,  part,  sommerso ;  to  sub- 
merge. Aff.  -fbile,  -imento. 

t Sommeria /•'.=  Mutria,  haughty  silence. 
Sommersioney".;  submersion. 

Somme'ss-o  (contr.  of  Sottomesso) ; 
subdued,  humble.  Voce  -a,  low  voice. 
Aff.  -amente. 

*Sommesso  m. ;  the  length  from  the  tip  of  the 
outstretched  thumb  to  the  other  side  of  the  fust. 

Somnifitta  f. ;  dim.  Somma,  sum  of 
money. 

Somm^ttere ;  conlr.  for  Sotto- 
mettere. 

Somministr-are ;  to  administer, 
provide.  Aff.  -amento,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atricc,  -azione. 

Sommissi6ne  / ;  submissive-ness. 

Sommista  in.  (It.  somma,  in  sense 
of  theological  compendium) ;  moralist. 

Sommita  /  ;  summit. 

S6miuo  (I.,  su minus,  superl.  of 
super,  v.  Sopra);  I.  highest,  greatest, 
chief.  2.  as  s6.,  top. 

*i.  In  — ,  =  A  cottimo.  ii.  Averla  in  — ,  to  be 
in  a  hurry. 

*  Sommole  f.  pi. ;  rudiments  of  logic. 
*Sommolo  m.  (dim.  Somino)  ;  tip  (of  a  wing). 

Somin6mmolo  ///. ;  fritter  of  rice 
sprinkled  with  sugar,  a  Lenten  dish  in 
Florence.  *  =  Sorgozzone. 

•Sommondare  ;  in  charcoal  burning,  to  remove 
the  sods  and  sprinkle  fine  earth  upon  the  glowing 
charcoal. 

Sommoscapo  «/.(!..  su  minus,  saipus, 
shaft) ;  the  upper  half  of  the  shaft  of  a 
column. 

*Sommoscio;  ratber  flabby,  v.  Moscio. 

Sommbssa  /  ;  riot,    "instigation. 
Sommbsso  ;  part.  Sommuovere. 
Sommbv-ere,     Sommu6vere,     for 
conjug.  v.  Muovere  ;  to  stir  up,  incite. 

tSon  >*.;=Balestra  (7),  starting-lever. 
Sonabile  ;  suitable  for  playing,  not  singing. 

Sonacchiare ;  to  strum. 

Sonagliata  /. ;  tinkling  of  horse- 
bells. 

Sonagli6ra/;  =  Bubboliera,  attach- 
ment for  bells. 

Sonagli-^tta  /  ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Sonaglino  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Sonaglietta. 
2.  (hot.)  in  //.,  great  quaking  grass,  z>. 
Tentennino. 

Sonagl-io,  Sonagliolo  m.  (bit.  sona- 
cut:im,<l*.sonus,  v.  Suono);  I.  harness- 
bell.  2.  in  //.,  the  bubbles  of  heavy 
rain  upon  a  pavement.  3.  fig.  sprt'g.  = 
Minchione,  fool.  4.  rattle  ;  Serpente  a 
-i,  rattlesnake.  Aff.  -iolino  dim. 

Sonagliol-are ;  to  tinkle. 

Sonare  ind.  sono  or  suono  (L.,  v. 
Suono);  i.  to  sound,  to  ring.  2.  to 
play  (music),  to  blow  (a  horn).  3.  —  a 
distesa,  to  ring  a  full  peal.  4.  —  a  rac- 
colta,  to  sound  a  retreat.  5.  —  a  stormo, 
or  a  martello,  to  sound  the  alarm. 

6.  —  a  comunione,y?jf.  to  beat  to  death. 

7.  Tirar  giu  a  —  a  campane  doppie,  to 
set  to  work  and  abuse  a  person  roundly  ; 
Glie  1'  ha  sonata,  he  pitched  into  him 


well.     8.    --  un  doppio,  fig.  to  rejoice 
greatly.      9.    -  -   a   caso,    v.    Case   (6). 

10.  to  inflict  sounding  blows  ;    —  un 
calcio,  to  give  a  violent  kick ;  II  cavallo 
gli  sono  una  coppia  di  calci,  the  horse 
gave   him   a   couple  of    violent   kicks. 

11.  of  a  word,   to  mean:    Parola   che 
suona  diversa  dal  suo  significato  etimo- 
logico,  a  word  whose  original  meaning 
has  been  altered ;  Filosofo,  parola  greca 
che  in  italiano  suona  (means)  Amante 
della  sapienza. 

Sonat-a/;  I.  loud  or  long  ringing, 
etc.,  v.  Sonare.  2.  (mus.)  a  composition 
divided  into  three  or  four  movements  of 
different  character,  usually  for  a  solo 
instrument.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Son-at6re  /«.,  -atrice/;  v.  -are. 

Sonatura  /  ;  the  price  paid  for  bell- 
ringing,  etc. 

S6nco  in.  (L.,<Gr.  <rovxdf);  (bot.) 
sow-thistle,  v.  Cicerbita  (i). 

Sonda  f. ;  i.  (surg.)  sound,  a  kind 
of  long  probe.  2.  sounding  rod  of  a 
pump. 

Etym.  Fr.  sonde,  properly  the  lead  used  at  sea 
in  taking  soundings,  but  the  r'/'.  son<{,'>-  having  been 
adopted  by  surgeons  in  sense  of  probing,  the  sb. 
sonde  took  a  corresponding  sense.  The  verb  does 
not  occur  in  Italian,  bonder,  to  take  soundings,  is 
from  the  old  Fr.  sontte,  arm  of  the  sea,  borrowed 
from  Scandinavian  snnd(>  E.  sound,  with  the  same 
meaning),  so  that  originally  sontier  was  to  try  the 
depth  where  from  the  narrowness  of  the  channel  the 
water  might  probably  be  shallow.  Modern  Fr.  sonde, 
the  lead  for  sounding,  v,<.st»ider,  to  sound,  so_  that 
its  connection  with  old  Fr.  mmt  is  only  indirect. 
The  Scandinavian  sumt  is  probably  for  swm-lo,  from 
the  same  root  as  E.  swim,  wilh  passive  participial 
suffix,  so  that  the  meaning  is,  place  which  may  be 
swum  across. 

Sondare  ind.  sondo ;  i.  to  sound,  v.  Sonda. 
2.  to  gauge. 

Sondeli  m.\  musk  rat,  v.  Topo  (14). 

Sondro  ///.;  (i'ot.)  mastic  tree,  v.  Mastice  (2). 

Soneria  /  ;  the  striking  mechanism 
of  a  clock. 

Sonett-accio  m.\  pegg.  vezz.  of  -o,  poor  little 
sonnet. 

Sonettare/«fl'.sone'tto;  =  Canzonare) 
to  jeer  at. 

Sonettdssa  f. ;  sonnet  with  a  tail, 
v.  Coda  (16). 

Sonett-ino  m.;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o.  -ista  m. ; 
writer  of  -i. 

Son6tt-o  /«.  (Provenc..  sonet,<son,  song,  <  L. 
sonus,  v.  Suono);  (poet.)  sonnet,  properly  a  lyric  of 
fourteen  hendecasyliabic  linesdivided  into  two  stanzas 
of  four  lines  and  two  of  three,  to  which  three  lines 
may  be  added,  v.  Sonettessa.  Aff.  -6na  =  -essa,  -one 
ttuffm.,  -ucciaccio  pegs,  spreg.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 
*  Songia  / ;  =  Stigna,  lard. 

Soniccbiare ;  dim.  pegg.  of  Sonare, 
to  play. 

Sonio  m. ;  freq.  sb.  of  Sonare,  to 
play. 

S6nito  m.  (L.) ;  poet,  for  Suono,  sound. 

Sonnacchios-o ;  sleepy.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnte. 

Sonnaia  /  ;  lethargic  sleep. 

Sonnaio  ;  /*/.  sleep-bringer,  in  the  lullaby, 
Sonno  — ,  La  festa  di  —  ;  Gennaio  ando  alia  festa 
Colla  ghirlanda  in  testa  Di  rose  e  gelsomino,  Fa'  la 
nanna  o  mio  bambino. 

Sonnambol-  or  Sonnambul-ismo ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -o. 

Sonnecchiare  ind.  sonne'cchio;  to 
doze. 

Sonn-ellino  dim.  vezz.,  -erello  or  -fctto 
dims.,  of  -o. 


Sonnifer-are  ;  to  doze.    Aff.  -amento 
Sonnifero  ;  somniferous. 

Sonnildqu-io  m.  ;  talking  in  one's  sleep. 
Aff.  -o. 

Sonnino  m.  ;  dim.  vezz.  Sonno. 

S6nno  /«.  (L.  somnus  for  sopnus,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Somniferous)  ;  sleep.  Aff. 
Sonnolen-te  or  -to,  -za. 

*  Sonnolo  m.\  (l>ot.)  mastic  tree,  v.  Mastice  (2). 
Sonnuot-are  ind.   sonnuuto  ;    to  dive.     Aff. 

-atore. 

Suno  m.  ;  j>o/>.  or  poet,  for  Suono,  sound. 

Sondmetro  in.  ;  an  instrument  for  measuring 
sounds  or  their  intervals  by  means  of  a  sounding- 
board  with  strings  stretched  above  it  and  movable 
bridges  and  weights  for  varying  the  tension. 

Sonor-amente,  -ita,  -o  ;  as  E. 
•Sontico    (\..,<sons,    hurtful,   either  <  an    old 
present  part,    of  sutn,    1    am,   or<a   root   sen,   to 
perform,    v.    Skeat,    sub    Authentic,    Sin)  ;    hurtful, 
dangerous. 

Sontuos-o,    Suntuos-o    (L.,  <  SHmptus,   ex- 
pense, orig.  part,  of  sumere,  to  take,  <  subs,  emerc, 
to  take,  v.  Esempio)  ;  as  E.     AJf.  -amente,  -ila. 
tSopanna  f.;-  Fodera,  lining. 

Soperchi  are  ;  pop.  or  poi-t.  for  Soverchiare. 
Ay.  -o. 

*lo  be  piled  up  in  a  heap,  D.  Inf.  23.  178. 

Sop  -I  re  ind.  -isco  ;=Assopire,  to  allay.  Aff. 
•imciito,  -itore. 

Sop6r-e  m.  (L.,  akin  to  somnus,  v. 
Sonno)  ;  sleepiness,  torpor.  Aff.  -ifero, 
-osamente,  -oso. 

Soppalco  in.  ;  i.q.  Palco  morto, 
lumber-room. 

Soppannare  ;  to  line  with  cloth. 
Soppanno    m.    (It.    sotto,    panno); 
lining. 

*  Soppasso  (It.  sotto,  passo)  ;  halfdried. 
Soppedaneo  m.  ;  v.  Suppedaneo. 

*Soppediano  m.  (ixir.  of  Soppedaneo)  ;  i.  a  sort 
of  clothes-chest  kept  at  the  foot  of  a  bed.  ii.  coffin. 
tiii.  flour-chest. 

*Sopp-  or  Sop-ellire  ;=Seppellire,  to  bury. 

Soppelo  tti.  ;  piece  of  meat  taken  near  the 
shoulder. 

*  Soppena  ;  —  Sotto  pena. 

Sopper-ire  ind.  -isco  (var.  of  Sup- 
plire)  ;  to  provide. 

Soppesare  ind.  soppdso  (It.  sotto, 
pesare)  ;  to  judge  the  weight  of  a  thing 
by  lifting  it  on  one's  hand,  to  poise. 

Soppdso;  Alzare,  Prendere  di  —  ,  to 
raise  up  in  one's  arms. 

Soppestare  ind.  soppe'sto  (It.  sotto, 
pestare);  to  pound  into  coarse  grains. 

Soppianare  (It.  sotto,  piano);  to  be 
nearly  flat. 

Soppiantare  (It.  sotto,  piantare);  to 
supplant. 

*i.   to  trample,     ii.  to  despise,     iii.  to  deceive. 

Soppiatto  (It.  sotto,  piatto);  Di  —  , 
secretly. 

Soppiatt6n-e  m.  ;  dissembler.    Aff. 


*  Soppiegare  ;  to  bend  downwards. 

Soppoggiaia/  ;  =  Sobbaggiolo,  prop. 

tSoppdntoro  w.;  =  Saccentone,  wiseacre. 

Sopport-Abile,  -abilmente,  -are,  -atore  ; 
as  E. 

Sopporta2i6neyi;  endurance.  Con  vostra  —  , 
by  your  leave,  if  you  will  allow  me  to  say  so. 

Sopport6vol-e  ;  supportable.     Aff.  -menie. 

Soppbrto  m.  ;  i.  toleration;  Cinque 
minuti  di  —  ,  pardon  my  being  five 
minutes  late.  2.  support;  —  a  mensola, 
bracket. 

Sopp6stayC;  i.  (w<*rf.)=Supposta,  suppository. 
2.  (TV/.)  i.q.  Soprapposta,  y.z1. 

*Soppottier-e    /«.,   -ay!   (L.  suppeto,   to   be 
adequate  for)  ;   busybody. 


SOPPOZZARE— SOPRANINO 


577 


*  Soppozzare  ;  to  submerge. 

Soppr6ss-a  /  ;  =  Pressa,  press. 
Mettere  in  — ,  to  squeeze.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Soppressata;  i>.  Soprassata. 

Soppressidne  /. ;  i.  suppression. 
2.  —  di  stato,  the  crime  of  concealment 
of  birth,  false  pretence  of  a  birth,  or 
substitution  of  one  baby  for  another. 

Soppressivo ;  suppressive. 

Sopprimere  ind.  sopprfmo,  perf. 
soppressi,  part,  soppresso  (L.) ;  to  sup- 
press. 

Soppunto  m. ;  felling,  a  mode  of 
sewing  two  pieces  of  cloth  where  the 
needle  is  passed  from  the  under  piece 
to  the  other  which  is  to  be  joined  to 
it,  without  traversing  the  latter  com- 
pletely. 

Sdpra  (L.  supra,  upon,  which  is 
based  on  an  Indogerm.  **upo,  near, 
whence  on  the  one  hand  Gr.  virep,  L. 
super-us,  and  on  the  other  Gr.  vwo, 
L.  sub,  subter,>  It.  sotto,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Over,  Up) ;  I.  upon.  2.  above.  3.  be- 
yond. 4. ,  slightly ;  Lo  aperse  — 

— ,  he  opened  it  a  little  bit ;  II  campo 
molto  magro  va  arato  -  — ,  poor  land 
has  to  be  ploughed  very  shallow.  5.  as 
sb.,  the  upper  part.  6.  Abito  per  di  — , 
outer  garment,  overall.  7.  —  lavoro, 
in  the  intervals  of  work.  8.  — pensiero, 
wrapped  in  thought;  Star  —  a  se,  to 
remain  buried  in  thought.  9.  —  a  parto, 
near  confinement.  10.  (com.}  —  di  se, 
on  one's  own  account. 

*i.  — la  sera,  =  Gia  venuta  la  sera,  ii.  Venire  al 
di  —  d'  una  cosa,  =Venirne  a  capo,  to  come  to  the 
end  of  it.  iii.  =  Innanzi  ;  La  notte  —  la  domenica, 
the  night  before  Sunday. 

Soprabbollare  uta,  soprabbollo ;  to  put  extra 
stamps  or  seaU. 

Soprabbond-ante,  Sovrabbond-ante,  -an- 
temente,  -anza,  -are  ;  superabundant,  etc. 

Soprabbonde'vol-e ;  i.g.  Soprabbondante. 
Aff.  -<!zza. 

*  Soprabbusto  >«. ;  chemisette. 

Soprabit-o  m. ;  i.  frock-coat.  2.= 
Palton,  overcoat. 

Aff.  -accio /*££".,  -one  avgm.,  -uccio  dim.  sprtg. 
Sopracaricare  ecc. ;  v.  Sopracc-. 

Sopraccalza  / ;  over-stocking. 

Sopraccapellini  m.  pi. ;  fine  vermi- 
celli for  soup. 

Sopraccapo  m. ;  i.  anxiety.  2.  over- 
head stroke,  e.g.  at  Pallone. 

"  i.  manager,     ii.  deep  place,  e.g.  in  a  river. 

Sopraccaricare  ind.  Sopraccdrico ; 
to  overload. 

Sopraccarico  m. ;  i.  excessive  load. 
2.  supercargo,  owner's  representative 
on  a  ship. 

Sopraccarta  / ;  i.  paper  wrapper. 
2.  address  on  an  envelope. 

Sopraccassa  /  ;  outer  watch-case. 
Sopraccennato ;  above  mentioned. 

Sopracchiamare ;  to  call  in  another 
doctor. 

Sopraccbiusa  /  ;  extra  board  at  the 
top  of  a  sluice-gate. 

Sopraccielo  /«. ;  canopy  (of  a  bed), 
roof  (of  a  carriage). 
H. 


Soprac-ciglio  m.  •  eyebrow.  Aff. 
-ciliare  adj. 

Sopraccingere ;  to  gird  with  an  extra 
strap. 

Sopracci6  m.  indecl. ;  =  Saccente, 
wiseacre. 

Sopraccitato ;  above  quoted. 

8opracc6da  /  ;  the  feathers  above 
a  bird's  tail. 

Sopraccbllo  m. ;  overload. 

Sopraccoldnnio  m. ;  (arch.)  archi- 
trave. 

Sopracc6mito  m.  ;  captain  of  a 
Venetian  galley. 

Sopracconsolo  m. ;  a  magisterial 
title  at  Venice. 

Sopraccoperta  f. ;  i.  counterpane. 
2.  extra  envelope. 

Sopraccorr6nte ;  upstream. 

Sopraccosctenza  /  ;  burden  on  the 
conscience. 

•Sopraccotta/;  military  cloak,  surcoat. 

Sopracculo  m.  \  =  Stizza,  pope's  nose. 

Sopraccuscindtto  m. ;  plumber- 
block  cover,  v.  Cuscinetto  (2,  6). 

Sopraddazi-o  ;«. ;  super-duty,  v. 
Dazio.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Sopraddente  m. ;  permanent  tooth 
alongside  of  a  milk  tooth. 

Sopraddetto ;  above  stated. 
Sopradditato  ;  above  indicated. 

Sopradd6t-e  f. ;  dowry  given  by  a 
husband  in  augmentation  of  the  dower 
brought  by  the  wife.  Aff.  -ale  adj '., 
-are  vb. 

Sopraffare  ind.  sopraffaccio  ecc., 
v.  Fare;  i.  to  overcome,  overpower. 
2.  to  overhang,  command,  as  a  hill ; 
Perdute  quelle,  perchfe  sopraffanno  tanto 
la  citta,  resterebbe  Verona  in  grave 
pericolo,  the  loss  of  those  forts  would 
place  Verona  in  grave  danger  because 
of  their  commanding  position.  3.  to 
perform  more  than  one's  promise. 

Sopraffascia  /  ;  outer  bandage. 
Sopraffilare ;  to  hem,  v.  Sopraffilo. 

Sopraffflo  m. ;  overcasting  at  the 
edge  of  a  cloth,  where  there  is  no 
selvage,  to  prevent  it  from  fraying  out. 

Sopraffinamento  m. ;  super-refine- 
ment. 

Sopraffin-e,  -o ;  superfine. 

Sopraffior-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  blossom 
again. 

8opragg£tto  m.  ;=Mattarozza. 

Sopraggirello  »i. ;  band  of  crape  on 
the  arm. 

Sopraggitt-o  m. ;  whip-stitch,  hem- 
stitch. Aff.  -are  vb. 

Sopraggiubba  / ;  overcoat. 

*Sopraggiudicare ;    to   command,   look   down 
upon. 

Sopraggiiin-gere,  for  conjug.  v. 
Giungere ;  i.  to  arrive  unexpectedly. 
2.  to  make  a  further  addition.  Aff.  -ta/1 


Sopraggrande ;  enormous. 

Sopraggravio  m. ;  extra  burden,  v. 
Aggravio. 

Sopraggridare ;  to  scream  loudest. 

Sopraimpossfbile ;  more  than  im- 
possible. 

Sopraindorare  ind.  sopraindoro;  to 
put  double  gilding. 

Sopraindurre  ind.  soprainduco  ecc., 
v.  Indurre;  to  superadd. 

Soprainse'gna,  Soprins6gna  /  ;  he- 
raldic device  placed  above  another. 

Soprainte'ndere  ;  =  Soprintendere, 
to  supervise. 

*Sopralascio  in. ;  respite. 
Sopraletto  m. ;  tester  of  a  bed. 
Sopraliminare  m. ;  entrance-door. 
Sopralimitare  m. ;  architrave. 
Soprallegato ;  above  quoted. 

Soprallod-are  ind.  soprall&do >;  r.  to 
overpraise.  2.  -ato,  already  praised. 

Sopralldggia  f. ;  upper  gallery,  v. 
Loggia. 

Soprallu6gO  adv. ;  on  the  spot.  As 
sb.,  visit  to  the  spot. 

Sopralzare ;  =  Sollevare,  to  raise  up. 
Soprammaestro ;  over-clever. 
Soprammangiare ;  to  eat  too  much. 

Soprammaniche  /  pi. ;  over- 
sleeves. 

Soprammano:  i.  adj.  indecl.,  of 
superior  quality.  2.  as  sb.,  overhand 
blow.  3.  Di  — ,  extraordinarily. 

Soprammaravigli6so ;  more  than 
marvellous. 

Soprammattdne  m. ;  wall  one  brick 
thick. 

Soprammen-tovato,  -zionato ;  a- 
bove  mentioned. 

Soprammercato ;  Per  — ,  into  the 
bargain. 

Soprammdttere ;  i.  to  lay  upon. 
2.  intr.  to  project,  on  account  of  being 
too  long,  to  stick  out. 

Sopramnrirabile ;  more  than  ad- 
mirable. 

Soprammiserabile  ;  more  than 
miserable. 

Soprammisura  adv. ;  beyond  mea- 
sure. 

Soprammitto  m.  \  a  sort  of  half 
stole  worn  on  the  head  by  Dominicans 
and  Carmelites. 

Sopramm6do ;  exceedingly. 

Soprammondano ;  outside  the  world 
of  sense. 

Soprammontare  ind.  soprammdnto ; 
to  exceed  in  amount. 

Soprana  f. ;  seminarist's  gown, 
without  sleeves. 

tSopranare  ;  to  overpower,  hinder. 
*Sopranimo;  passionately,  impulsively. 

Sopranino  m. ;  (mus.)  soprano  voice 
with  small  compass. 

73 


578 


SOPRANNARRATO— SOPRINSEGNA 


Soprannarr-ato ;  above  related. 
Aff.  -azione. 

Soprannascere ;  to  supervene,  to 
follow. 

Soprannatural-e,  -m^nte;  as  E. 

Soprannestare  ind.  soprannesto ;  to 
graft  upon  a  graft. 

Soprannfno ;  (agric.)  (animal)  one 
year  old. 

Sopranno  ;  more  than  a  year  old. 

Spprann6m-e  m. ;  i.  surname. 
2.  nickname.  Ajf.  -inare. 

Soprann-otare  or  -uotare ;  to  float. 

Soprannotato ;  above  noted. 

Soprannumer-ario,  -o ;  super- 
numerary. 

Soprano  m. ;  (mus.)  as  E. 

Sopranominato ;  above  named. 

Soprans^gna;  v.  Soprainsegna. 

Sopraornato  m. ;  (arch.)  entablature, 
the  parts  of  a  classic  facade  which  sur- 
mounts the  columns,  resting  upon  the 
capitals. 

Soprappagare ;  Pagare  e  — ,  to  pay 
more  than  enough. 

Soprapparto  adv. ;  in  the  pains  of 
labour. 

Soprappassaggio  m. ;  bridge  be- 
tween two  parts  of  a  building. 

Soprappensi&ro ;  thoughtful,  v. 
Sopra  (8). 

Soprapp^SO  M.  ;  extra  weight. 

Soprapp&tto  m. ;  extra  chest- 
armour. 

Soprapp£zza  f. ;  extra  wrapping  for 
a  baby. 

*  Soprappigliare  ;  to  take  in  addition. 

Soprappiu  m. ;  overplus.  Per  — , 
besides. 

Spprapponim^nto  m. ;  =  Soprap- 
posizione. 

Soprapp<5rre  ind.  soprapongo,  v. 
Porre;  to  superpose. 

*i.   to  add.    ii.  to  prefer,     iii.  to  bestow. 

Soprappbrto  m. ;  (arch.)  ornament 
over  a  door. 

Soprapposizi6ne  /. ;  superposition. 

Soprapp6sta  /  ;  (vet.)  split  between 
the  quick  and  the  horny  part  of  a  horse's 
hoof.  *embroidery. 

Soprapp6sto ;  part.  Soprapporre, 
superadded. 

*  Soprapprendere  ;  i.  —  Sorprendere.    ii.  to  take 
as  an  extra. 

Soprarbitro  m. ;  umpire. 
Soprarco  m. ;  extra  arch. 
Soprariccio  m. ;   a  kind  of  rough 
cloth. 

Soprarrivato  m.  \  new-comer. 

Soprasaturare  ind.  soprasaturo;  to 
supersaturate. 

*  Soprasberga  f. ;  soldier's  cloak  worn  over  the 
hauberk. 

Soprascarpa  / ;  =  Caloscia,  over- 
shoe. 


Sopraschtena  / ;  back-strap  of  a 
horse's  harness. 

Soprascritta  f. ;  i.  address  on  an 
envelope.  2.  inscription  over  a  shop- 
window. 

Soprasegnare  ind.  soprase'gno ;  to 
place  a  mark  upon. 

Soprasensibile ;  supersensible. 

Sopra-,  Sopras-sindaco  m. ;  chief 
magistrate. 

Soprasmalto  in. ;  superficial  colour, 
v.  Smalto. 

Sopraspe'sa  /  ;  extra  expense. 

Sopraspirituale ;  more  than  spi- 
ritual. 

Soprassalto  in.  ;  i.  vehement 
attack.  2.  Di  — ,  suddenly. 

Soprassap^re ;  iron,  to  be  vastly 
clever. 

Soprassata  /  (corr.  of  Soppressata, 
which  is  the  Venetian  form) ;  a  sausage 
made  from  a  boiled  pig's  head,  crushed 
and  spiced,  cp.  Coppa  (4). 

Soprassed^re  ind.  soprassiedo,  v. 
Sedere ;  to  defer,  postpone. 

*  i.  to  sit  down  and  wait.     ii.  to  domineer,     iii.  = 
Sovrastare. 

*  Soprassegna  f. ;  =  Soprainsegna, 

Soprassegno  m. ;  additional  mark. 

*  Soprassella./.;  —  Gualdrappo,  saddle-cloth. 

Soprassello  tn.  ;  =  Giunta,  addition, 
///.  extra  burden  on  a  pack-saddle, 
Sella.  Per  — ,  into  the  bargain.  Cp. 
Soprassoma. 

Soprasseminare  ind.  soprassemino ; 
to  sow  where  already  sown. 

*Soprassenno  m. ;  great  wisdom. 

Soprasservire  ind.  soprasservo;  to 
serve  beyond  what  is  required. 

*  Soprasservo  m.;  more  than  a  servant. 
*Soprasseteyl;  great  thirst. 

Soprassfndaco ;  v.  Soprasindaco. 

*Soprassoglio  m. ;  lintel. 
Soprassbldo  m.  •  extra  pay. 
Soprassbma  / ;  extra  load. 
Soprassottana  /. ;  extra  skirt. 

Soprassublo  m. ;  top  soil  and  all 
that  is  on  it,  growing  crops  and  fruit- 
trees. 

Soprastall-i  m. pi,  -fe  f.pl.;  =  Con- 
trostallie,  days  of  demurrage,  staying 
beyond  the  proper  time. 

Soprastante ;  i.  part,  of  Soprastare. 
2.  fig.  eminent.  3.  as  si.,  Super- 
intendent. 

Soprast-are  ind.  soprasto,  soprastai, 
ecc.,  v.  Stare ;  i.  to  stand  over,  be 
situated  above,  over-top.  2.  =  Fermarsi, 
to  stop.  3.  to  defer  action,  to  linger. 
4.  to  superintend.  Aff.  -amento. 

*i.  =  Soverchiare,  to  domineer,  ii.  =  Superare,  to 
conquer,  iii.  =  Sovrastare,  to  be  impending,  iv.  = 
Continuare,  to  persevere,  to  continue,  v.  =  Cessare, 
to  cease. 

*  Soprastrato ;  paved. 

Soprattacco  m. ;  soling  of  the  heel 
of  a  boot. 

Soprattassa  / ;  super-tax. 


Soprattavola  /. ;  Far  da  — ,  to 
keep  a  person  company  at  a  meal,  with- 
out eating  anything  oneself. 

Soprattenda  /  ;  second  curtain. 

Soprattene're ;  to  keep  back,  for 
conjug.  v.  Tenere. 

Sopratt&rra  adv. ;  above  ground, 
among  the  living. 

Sopratt^tto  adv. ;  on  the  roof. 

Sopratti&ni  m. ;  delay,  e.g.  in  pay- 
ment. 

Soprattutto  adv. ;  i.  above  all. 
2.  (herald.)  —,  or  Sul  tutto,  (an  ordinary) 
placed  on  the  top  of  another  or  across 
the  partitions  of  the  shield. 

Sopraumano  ;  =  Sovrumano,  super- 
human. 

Sopravanzare ;  i.  to  pass;  Fico 
che  sopravanza  il  muro  del  cortile,  a 
fig-tree  which  has  grown  up  above  the 
wall  of  the  court ;  Rallenta  il  passo  e  si 
lascia  — ,  he  is  walking  slowly  and 
letting  himself  be  passed.  2.  to  be  too 
big;  II  vestito  gli  sopravanza  da  piedi, 
his  coat  comes  down  too  far.  3.  to 
overcome,  to  surpass.  4.  to  jut  out. 
5.  to  remain  over. 

Sopravanzo  m. ;  remainder,  surplus. 

Sopravivolo  m.  \  (hot.)  —  maggiore, 
house-leek,  v.  Seinprevivo. 

Sopravved&re  ind.  sopravvedo,  v. 
Vedere;  to  watch  closely. 

Soprawenire  ind.  sopravvengo,  v. 
Venire;  i.  to  come  unexpectedly.  2.  to 
come  in  succession. 

Sopravventare  ind.  sopravvento;  = 
Guadagnare  al  vento,  to  turn  to  wind- 
ward. 

Sopraw&nto    (A)    m.    (< vento); 

1.  weather-gage.     2.  fig.  advantage,  as 
in    E.     3.     as    adv.,    windward ;     Pel 
traverso   — ,    (mar.)    on    the    weather- 
beam  ;  Isole  sopravvento  e  sottovento, 
(geogr.)   the  Windward  and    Leeward 
islands  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

*(B)  (<avvento,  arrival);  unexpectedly. 

Sopravvenuta  /  ;  unexpected  ar- 
rival. 

Sopraw6st-a,  -ef.;  outer  garment. 

Sopra wia  f.  ;  =  Strada  sopra  un'  al- 
tra,  upper  road. 

Sopravviv-ere ;  to  survive.  Aff. 
-enza. 

Soprawivolo  m. ;  \.i.q.  Sopravivolo. 

2.  Avere  il  — ,  to  survive  serious  injury, 
be  difficult  to  kill. 

*  Sopravvolare  ;  =  Sorvolare. 

Soprecced&nte ;  far  exceeding. 

Sopredificare  ind.  sopredi'fico ;  to 
build  upon. 

Soprtllo  m. ;  Far  — ,  to  replace  the 
peach-stone  which  has  been  knocked 
away,  v.  Noccioletto. 

Sopreminenza  / ;  supereminence. 

Soprinnalzare ;  to  raise  up. 

Soprins<5gna  f. ;  i.q.  Soprainsegna. 


SOPRINTENDENTE— SORSO 


579 


Soprinten-d^nte,  -denza,  -dere ; 
as  E. 

Soprinvito  m. ;  challenging  with  a 
higher  stake. 

"Sopriore  m. ;  sub-prior. 

Soprdsso  m.  ;  i.  bony  outgrowth. 
2.  (vet.)  spavin.  3.  fig.  useless  excre- 
scence. 

Soprumano  ;  =  Sovrumano,  super- 
human. 

Soprumerale  m.  ;  ancient  Jewish 
ephod. 

Sopruso  m. ;  tyrannical  act,  //'/.  use 
of  superior  power. 

Soqquadrare  (It.  sotto,  quadrare,  to 
put  right,  ///.  getting  under  and  up- 
setting what  is  right) ;  to  turn  upside 
down,  throw  into  confusion. 

Soqqu^dr-o  m.  •  ruin,  confusion. 
Metier  a  —  il  mondo,  to  turn  the  world 
upside  down.  Aff.  -one,  disturber. 

Sor  m.,  Sora/i ;  sync,  spreg.  or  fain. 
for  Signor-e,  -a. 

*Soramente;  foolishly. 

Sorare  ind.  soro  (cogn.  Fr.  essor, 
soaring,  <  bit.  exaurare,  <  L.  ex,  aura, 
breeze,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Soar);  i.  of  a 
hawk,  to  fly  about  without  looking  for 
prey.  2.  part,  sorante,  (herald.)  of  a 
bird  with  wings  half  spread. 

Sbrba/;  i.  sorb-apple,  v.  Sorbo. 
i.  fig.  blow. 

*  Sorbaccolato  ;  =  Succinto,  girt  up. 

Sorbare  ind.  sorbo ;  to  beat,  v.  Sorba. 
Sorbastrella  / ;  =  Salvastrella. 

*  Sorbecchiare  ;=  Sorbire,  to  sip. 

*  Sorbcllo  ;  =  Soprabello,  superfine. 

Sorbettare  ind.  sorbe'tto ;  i.  to 
make  ice-creams.  2.  to  ice. 

Sorbetti&ra  / ;  i.  apparatus  for 
making  ices.  2.  ice-pail. 

Sorbettiere  ;«. ;  ice-cream  man. 

Sorbe'tt-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sorbet,  Span. 
sorbete,  E.  sherbet  ;  <  Arabic  sharab, 
drink,  v.  Sciroppo);  i.  ice-cream.  2.  iced 
drink.  3.  (theat.)  Aria  de'  -i,  an  air  sung 
at  the  least  important  point  of  an  opera, 
during  which  the  audience  might  be 
eating  ices.  Aff.  -fno  dim. 

tSorbiente  ;«.  ;=Pigna  bucherellata,  rose. 

Sorbillare  (L.,  dim.  of  sorbere,  v. 
Sorbire) ;  to  sip. 

Sorbin-a  /  ;  dim.  vezz.  Sorba.  -o  ; 
tasting  like  Sorbi. 

Sorb-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  sorbere,  to 
drink  down,  root  sarbh,  to  sip,  cp.  Gr. 
potfx'to,  to  suck  up,  pacjws,  thick  drink, 
Lettish  strebju,  to  eat  with  a  spoon, 
Lith.  sriebiu,  to  swallow) ;  to  swallow 
by  sips. 

Sbrbo  m.  (L.,  according  to  Walde 
originally  named  from  its  red  berries, 
cp.  Lith.  sar-tns,  fox-coloured  horse, 
Lettish  saris,  red-faced);  (bot.)  i.  — 
coltivato,  cultivated  service-tree,  Pyrus 
sorbus.  2.  —  de'  cacciatori,  mountain- 
ash,  Pyrus  aucuparia.  3.  —  alpino, 


white-beam,   Pyrus  aria,  also  termed 
Farinaccio  dell'  Alpi,   Matallo.     4.  - 
salvatico,  wild  service-tree,  Pyrus  tor- 
minalis.     5.  Fare  il  formicone  di  — ,  to 
pretend  deafness. 

Sorbdna  f. ;  the  Sorbonne  of  Paris, 
a  famous  theological  college,  founded 
by  Robert  of  Sorbon,  in  the  diocese  of 
Rheims. 

*Sorbone  ?«.  ;  =  Sornione,  fawning  sharper. 

Sorbottare  ind.  sorbotto ;  pegg.  Sor- 
bare, to  thrash. 

t  Sorchio  ;«. ;  =  Succhiello,  gimlet. 

Sorciaia  /. ;  mouse's  nest. 

*  Sorciglio  in. ;  =  Sopracciglio,  eyebrow. 

Sorcino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Sorcio.  2.  scherz. 
common  soldier,  from  the  colour  of  the 
military  cloak. 

Sorcio  (Sorco,  Sorce,  Sorice,  Sorgo) 
m.  (cogn.  Fr.  souris,  Proveng.  soritz, 
Span,  sorce,  <  L.  sorex,  =  Gr.  vpa|,  shrew 
mouse,  oiimit.  origin  from  the  creature's 
squeak,  akin  to  L.  susurrus,  whisper) ; 
i.q.  Topo,  rat  or  mouse. 

* Sorcista  m. ;=  Esorcista. 

*Sorciuolo  w.;  =  Sorcino. 

*Sorcodanza_/;  insolence. 

*Sorcol-o  m.  (L.  surculus,  dim.  of  surus,  stake, 
akin  to  Sanskr.  svaru,  altar-post,  A.S.  swer,  pillar, 
Swiss  Germ.  Sch-wire,  stake)  ;=Marza,  graft.  Aff. 
-etto  dim. 

*Sorcotto  m.\  i.q.  Sopraccotta,  surcoat. 

Sordacchion-e  m.,  -a/. ;  person  who 
feigns  deafness. 

Sordaggine  / ;  slight  deafness. 

Sordam^nto;  i.  with  a  dull  sound. 
2.  fig.  =  Alia  sordina,  by  underhand 
means. 

Sordastro ;  rather  deaf. 

*  Sorde  f.  (L.  sordes,  v.  Sordido)  ;  dirt. 
*Sordellina/;  a  kind  of  bagpipe. 

*  Sordetto  ;=Suddetto,  above  mentioned. 

Sorde"zza  /  ;  =  Sordita,  deafness. 

Sdrdid-amente,  -ezza,  -o  ;  as  E.  (L.  sor- 
didus,<.sordts,  dirt,  akin  to  Russian  sor',  filth.) 

Sordina  /  ;  Alia  — ,  stealthily. 

*i.  (mits.)  =  Sordino,  damper,  ii.  a  kind  of 
spinet  with  soft  tone.  iii.  Sonar  la  — ,  to  feign 
deafness. 

Sordino  m.;  i.  (mus.)  sordine, 
damper.  2.  bird-whistle  used  by  bird- 
catchers.  3.  Fare  il  — ,  of  birds,  to 
whistle  softly. 

S6rd-p  (L.  surdus,  deaf,  orig.  dark, 
prob.  akin  to  sordes,  dirt) ;  i.  deaf. 
2.  Non  intendere  a  — •,  i.e.  to  under- 
stand instantly.  3.  —  come  una  cam- 
pana,  i.e.  very  stupid.  4.  Darsi  al  — , 
to  feign  deafness.  5.  .of  wealth,  not 
displayed  ;  Casa,  Famiglia  -a,  house, 
family  which  makes  no  show  of  its 
wealth.  6.  Guerra  -a,  underground  war. 
7.  Lima  -a,  silent  file  ;  I  dispiaceri  sono 
una  lima  -a,  worries  wear  one  out  im- 
perceptibly. 8.  Linea  -a,  faint  line, 
made  as  a  guide  in  drawing.  9.  (math.) 
Quantita  -a,  surd.  10.  (paint.)  dull  in 
tone.  Aff.  -ita,  -omuto. 

Sordine  m. ;  (ornitk.)  Alpine  accentor,  Accentor 
alpiniis,  also  termed  Uccello  della  neve. 

Sor611-a/  (dim.  Suora,  q.v.);  sister. 
Aff.  -astra,  half-sister,  -evole  adj.,  -fna 
dim.,  -6na  augm. 


S6rgayT»  (geogr.)  the  Sorgue,  a  small  affluent 
of  the  Rhone. 

Sorgente  f. ;  source,  spring. 

Sdrgere  ind.  s6rgo  -gi,  perf.  s6rsi 
sorge'sti...,  parts,  sorgente  s6rto  *surto 
(L.  surgere,<sub,  up,  regere,  to  direct, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Regal,  Rich,  Right);  I.  to 
rise.  2.  (mar.)  —  sull'  ancora,  to  ride 
at  anchor. 

•Sorginocchiowi.;  the  part  just  above  the  knee. 
*Sorgit6re  >«.;  good  anchorage  ground. 

Sorgiv-0 ;  Acqua  -a,  spring  water. 

*  Sorgo  m.;  i.  =  Sorcio,  rat  or  mouse,    ii.  v.  Sag- 
gina. 

*  Sorgonceilo  m.  ;  =  SorcoIo,  graft. 

Sorgozzone  m.  (It.  sor-,  for  sopra, 
gozzo,  throat);  blow  on  the  throat. 

*Sorguisay:;  =  Guisa,  mode. 

S6ri  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  atopv) ;  (min.)  inkstone, 
green  vitriol. 

Soriano  ;  Syrian  (cat),  grey  with  black  stripes. 
*Soric-e  m.;- Sorcio.    *-igno;r 


Sorite  f.  (L.,<Gr.  cnopot,  heap);  string  of 
conclusions,  each  forming  the  premiss  of  the  next, 
Sorites. 

Sorlo  m.  (Germ.  SchSrl,  prob.  <  Swedish  skor, 
brittle)  ;  (min.)  schorl,  black  tourmaline. 

*  Sormenare  ;  to  over-exert. 
Sormondare ;  v.  Sommondare. 

Sormontare  ind.  sorm6nto  ;  i.  to 
rise.  2.  tr.  to  rise  above,  overtop. 

tSorn-acare,  -acchiare  (M.  H.G.  snarchen,cp. 
Dutch  snorkeii) ;  i.  =  Russare,  to  snore,  ii.  =  Scarac- 
chiare,  to  spit. 

Sornavigare  ;  to  float  upon  the  water. 

Sornione  ;  surly. 

Etym.  Cogn.  to,  or  perhaps  borrowed  from 
Prpyen5.  sorn,  =  Fr.  sournois,  sly,  cp.  old  Fr.  sorne, 
twilight.  Origin  unknown,  possibly  <  L.  Sattirmts, 
the  gloomy  planet. 

*Soro  m.  (bit.  saunts,  v.  Sauro,  B);  i.  =  Sauro, 
greyish  vellow.  ii.  as  so.,  young  hawk,  from  the 
colour,  iii.  Jiff,  silly,  "green." 

Sorpassare  ;  to  rise  above,  surpass. 

*  Sorportare  ;  to  transport  (with  rage). 

Sorpr&ndere  perf.  sorprdsi,  part. 
sorpre'so  ;  to  surprise. 

*i.  to  take  upon  oneself,  as  an  obligation,  D.  Par. 
5-  59-  i'-  to  hold  one's  own  against  a  number,  cp. 
E.  slang,  to  take  them  on. 

Sorprdsa  f. ;  surprise. 

*  Sorquidato ;  arrogant. 

S6rra  /  (L.  sura,  calf  of  the  leg) ; 
i.  pickled  tunny.  2.  front  part  of  the 
shoulder  of  a  carcase. 

"Sorradere  ;  to  scrape  slightly. 
*Sorrecchiare;  =  Origliare,  to  listen. 

Sorregg-ere  ind.  sorreggo  -i,  perf. 
sorressi,  part,  sorretto  ;  to  hold  up, 
sustain.  *-ersi,  to  stop. 

*  Sorresso  m. ;  =  Resurrezione. 
tSorrettay!;=Sostegno,  support. 

Sorrf-dere  perf.  -si,  part,  -so  (It. 
sotto,  ridere) ;  to  smile. 

Sorris-0  m. ;  smile.  Aff.  -e"tto  dim., 
-fno  dim.  vezz. 

*  Sorrodere  ;  to  corrode. 

*  Sorrogare  ;  =  Surrogare. 
•Sorsaltare  ;  =  Saltare  sopra. 

Sorsare  ind.  s6rso;  =  Sorseggiare,  to 
sip. 

Sorsat-a  f. ;  long,  deep  draught. 
Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Sorseggiare  ind.  sorse"ggio ;  to  sip. 

S6rs-0  m.  (bit.  **sorpsus,  part,  of  L. 
sorbeo,  v.  Sorbire) ;  i.  gulp,  sip,  the 
quantity  of  liquid  swallowed  with  one 
movement  of  the  throat.  2.  draught, 

73—2 


58o 


SORTA— SOTTO 


the  quantity  swallowed  without  taking 
breath.  Aff.  -ellfno  sub-dim.,  -ello  -dtto 
-ettino  -fno  dims. 

S6rta  /  ;  a  variant  of  Sorte  in  sense 
of  sort. 

S6rte/  ;  i.  — ,  or  Sorta,  sort.  2.  lot, 
fortune,  luck.  3.  (leg.}  principal  of  a 
loan.  4.  =  Sortilegio,  sorcery. 

Etym.  L.  sors,  akin  to  sero,  to  fasten,  arrange 
in  order,  Irish  sretk,  range,  row,  L.  series,  Gr.  eipw, 
to  fasten,  the  lots  in  ancient  Italy  having  been 
arranged  in  rows  for  drawing.  K  Skeat,  sub  Sort, 
Series. 

Sorteggi-are  ind.  sorteggio  ;  i.  to 
assign  by  lot.  2.  to  draw  by  lot.  —  un 
deputato,  un  consigliere  ;  when  more 
persons  of  a  given  class,  e.g.  salaried 
officials,  have  been  elected  than  the  law 
allows  to  serve,  to  exclude  the  overplus 
by  drawing.  Aff.  -abile,  -o  sb. 

*SorteriayT;  i.  =Assortimento.     ii.  =  Sortilegio. 
*Sortier-e  ?«.,  -a/!;  wizard,  witch. 

Sort-ilegio  m. ;  sorcery,  -ilego  m. ; 
sorcerer. 

*Sortimento  m. ;  =  Assortimento. 

Sortire  (A)  inei.  sortisco  (L.  sortiri, 
to  cast  lots,  v.  Sorte);  i.  to  choose  by 
lot.  2.  =  Sorteggiare.  3.  to  be  drawn, 
to  come  out.  4.  to  assign.  5.  to  obtain, 
receive  at  the  hands  of  Fate  ;  Se  Roma 
non  sort!  la  prima  fortuna,  sortl  la 
seconda,  if  Rome  did  not  have  the  first 
fortune,  she  did  receive  the  second 
(Machiavelli,  Discourses  on  the  first 
decade  of  Livy) ;  Luogo  dove  ha  sortiti 
i  natali,  the  place  where  he  was  born 
(lit.  received  his  natal  influences) ;  L'  im- 
presa  non  ha  sortito  buon  esito,  the 
undertaking  has  not  turned  out  well. 

(B)  ind.  sorto;  i.  (mil.)  to  make  a 
sortie,  sally  out.  2.  pop.  for  Uscire  ; 
Sorte  poco,  he  does  not  often  go  out  ; 
Si  va  a  veder  sortir  la  messa,  we  are 
going  to  see  the  people  coming  out  of 
church  ;  L'  Elvira  com'  era  da  ragazza  ? 
L'  £  sortita  di  casa  Amati,  Who  were 
E.'s  people  ?  She  was  one  of  the  Amati 
family. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  and  Proveng.  sortir,  Span. 
surtir,  of  L.  origin,  but  actual  derivation  uncertain. 
Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetter  are  inclined  to  regard  it 
as  the  same  word  as  Sortire  (A),  sortir  having 
formerly  had  the  meaning  "to  obtain  by  lot"  in 
French  as  in  Italian,  but  under  reserve  on  account  of 
the  difficulty  in  the  transition  of  meaning.  Korting 
mentions  several  alternatives,  all  of  which  he  rejects 
decisively  except  one,  viz.  that  of  derivation  irom 
L.  sortus,  a  popular  contraction  of  surrectus,  part. 
of  surgfre,  to  rise  ;  this  form  sortus  is  mentioned  by 
Festus  and  is  also  seen  in  the  part,  of  It.  Sorgere. 
KSrting's  chief  objection  to  this  view  is  that  the 
regular  derivative  would  be  a  form  in  -are,  _not  -ire. 
but  that  difficulty  does  not  occur  if  we  attribute  the 
word  to  an  original  ** surrectire.  Y.  Skeat,  sub 
Sortie. 

Sortita  f.\  i.  (mil.)  sortie.  2.  gate 
of  a  fort.  3.  (theat.)  entry  of  an  actor 
upon  the  stage. 

*i.  choice,     ii.  sprout,    iii.  assortment. 
*Sortitore  m. ;  wizard. 
*Sortiva/;  =  Sorgiva,  spring. 

S6rto;  part.  Sorgere. 

t  Sortu  m. ;  i.  =  Oliera.  ii.  a  sort  of  Risotto  with 
gravy,  iii.  =  Sopragiubba,  overcoat. 

Sorvegli-are  ind.  sorveglio ;  to  watch 
over.  Aff.  -anza. 

Sorvolare  ind.  sorvolo;  to  rise  above, 
be  superior  to. 


t  Sorzo  m.  ;  forked  hake,  v.  Fico  (31). 

Soscri-vere,  -zi6ne  ;  v.  Sottoscri-. 

Sdsia  in.  (from  the  character  in  Plautus); 
topers.)  double. 

*Sosina/!;=  Susina,  plum. 

Sospendere  perf.  sospes-i,  part,  -o  (L.);  i.  to 
hang.  2.  to  suspend,  put  a  stop  to.  3.  Stare  in 
sospeso,  to  be  in  doubt.  4.  —  a  dii'inis,  to  inhibit. 

AJJT.  Sospen-dibile,  -dimento,  -ditore,  -ditrice, 
-sioncella  dim.,  -sione,  -sivamente,  -sivo,  -sore  sling, 
•sorio  sb.  suspensory  muscle  or  bandage. 

Sospett-abile  ;  liable  to  suspicion. 
-am^nte  ;  adv.  -are  ind.  sospetto  ;  to 
suspect.  -0  ;  i.  m.  suspicion.  2.  as 
adj.,  suspected,  -osam^nte  ;  adv.  -6so  ; 
suspicious,  wary,  -uccio  ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Etym.  L.  suspectus,  part,  of  suspicere,  <  sub, 
specere,  to  look,  v.  Specie. 

Sospln-gere  (Suspingere)  ind.  -go 
-£'>  Perf-  "s">  part,  -to  (It.  sotto,  spin- 
gere)  ;  i.  to  push.  2.  fig.  to  stimulate. 
3.  Ad  ogni  pie  sospinto,  i.e.  at  every 
turn,  constantly.  Aff.  -gimento. 

Sospir-are  (L.,<su6,s^irare);  i.  to 
sigh.  2.  to  sigh  for.  -6ttO  m.  ;  dim. 
vezz.  or  iron,  of  -o.  -0  m.  ;  i.  sigh. 
2.  in  old  music,  a  rest  or  the  mark  to 
indicate  the  same.  3.  A  -i,  at  long  in- 
tervals. -one  m.  ;  augm.  of  -o.  -osa- 
ine'nte  ;  adv.  -6so  ;  full  of  sighs. 

*  Sossannare  (mlt.  sut'sannare,  <  L.  sub,  sanna, 
=  Gr.  ao-wox,  simpleton,  of  utikn.  orig.);   to  make 
faces  at. 

Sossello  m.  (L.  subsellium,  bench)  ; 
(arch.)  a  raised  step  made  in  front  of  a 
palace  for  people  to  stand  upon. 

*  Sossitura  f.  ;  =  Sessitura. 

Soss6pra  ;  =  Sottosopra,  upside  down. 

Sbsta/  (It.  sostare);  i.  pause,  ces- 
sation; —  di  vento,  lull;  Far  —  ,  to 
stop.  2.  (»zar.)  =  Osta,  sheet.  *desire. 

Sostantiv-owz.  (L.);  substantive,   ^^T-amente. 

Sostanz-a  f.  (L.);  substance.  Aff.  -iale, 
-ialita,  -ialmente,  -iarsi  to  consist,  -ievole  =  -iale, 
-ioso  substantial,  solid. 

Sostare  ind.  s6sto  (L.  substare)  ;  to 
stop,  desist. 

*Sostaro  m.  ;  (war.)  boatswain,  fit.  "one  who 
attends  to  the  sheets,"  v.  Sosta  (2). 

SostegllO  m.  ;  support,  bearer. 

Sostene're  ind.  sos-tengo  -tieni  -tiene 
-teniamo  -tendte  -tengono,  perf.  -tdnni 
-tene'sti.  ..,/#/.  -terro,  subj.  -tenga,  parts. 
-tenente  -tenuto  (L.)  ;  to  sustain,  sup- 
port, keep  up.  Aff.  Sosten-i'bile,  -ime'nto, 
-itore,  -itrice. 

Sostent-are  ind.  sostento  (L.  sus- 
tentare,freq.  of  sustinere)  ;  to  maintain, 
keep  up  properly.  Aff.  -abile,  -amdnto, 
-ativo,  -azione. 

Sosten-uto;  i.  v.  -ere.  2.  grave, 
reserved.  Aff.  -utezza. 

SostitU-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  <  sub, 
statuere,  causal  of  stare,  to  stand)  ;  to 
substitute.  Aff.  -fbile,  -t6re,  -zi6ne,  -to 
sb.  substitute. 

Sostrato  m.  (L.);  substratum. 


*Sostr-azi6ne./;  =  -ato. 
*Sostretto  ;  —  Ristretto. 


.)  ;  foundation  wall, 


substruction. 

Sotadico  ;  of  Sotades,  a  Greek  writer  notorious 
for  obscenity,  in  the  time  of  Ptolemy  Philadelphus. 

Sotiaco  ;  in  Egyptian  astronomy.  Periodo  —  , 
period  of  1461  years. 


Sottacq.ua  adv. ;  under  water. 
Sottdcqueo ;  subaqueous. 
tSottaiero  m. ;  =  Palombaro,  diver. 

Sottan-a  /  (mlt.  subtanus,  =  L.  sub- 
ternus,  <  subter,  comparative  form  of 
sub,  under)  ;  I.  petticoat.  2.  priest's 
gown.  AJf.  -a.cc\a.  pegg.,  -ella  dim.,  -ina 
dim.  vezz.,  -fno  dim.,  -uccia  dim.  sprcg. 

*  Sottano  ;  i.  inferior,    ii.  as  sb.,  under-garment. 
Sottarco  m.  (It.  sotto,  arco)  ;  vault  of  an  arch. 

Sottecche  adv.  (It.  sotto,  occhio)  ; 
stealthily,  v.  Sottocchio. 

*  Sottecco  ;  =  Sottecche. 
t  Sottena  /.  ;  =  Sottana. 

Sottendere^<?r/C  sottdsi,/arA  sottdso 
(L.) ;  (geom.)  to  subtend. 

Sottentr-are  ind.  sottentro  (It.  sotto, 
entrare) ;  I.  to  come  instead.  2.  =  Sob- 
barcarsi,  to  take  upon  oneself.  Aff. 
-am£nto. 

Sotterfugi-0  m. ;  subterfuge.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

Sotterr-a  adv. ;  underground.  Aff. 
-dbile,  -amento,  -aneo,  -apers6ne  scherz. 
for  ignorant  doctor,  -are  to  bury,  -at6re 
gravedigger,  -atorio  burial-ground, 
-atura. 

Sotte'sa  /  ;  (geom.)  chord. 

Sott^SSO  ;  poet,  for  Sotto. 

Sottestare  ind.  sottesto  ;=Cocer 
sotto  testo,  to  bake. 

*Sottigli-are  ;  i.  =Assottigliare.  ii.  to  sharpen, 
iii.  =  Stritolare,  to  divide  finely,  iv.  -arsi,  to  grow 
thin.  v.  =  Sottilizzare. 

Sottiglie'zza  /  ;  thinness,  v.  Sottile. 

Sottigliume  m.  ;  spreg.  things  of 
little  account. 

Sottil-e  (L.  subtilis,  lit.  finely  woven, 
<  sub,  tela  cloth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Subtle) ; 

1.  thin,  slender.    2.  fig.  subtle.    3.  Mai 
— ,  consumption,  phthisis.    4.  Per  la  — , 
narrowly ;   Non  guardarla  tanto  per  la 
— ,  do  not  take  a  minute  view  of  the 
thing,  look   at   it    broadly.      5.   Dottor 
— ,  a  name  given  by  the  schoolmen  to 
Michael  Scot.     6.  Cavar,  Trarre  il  - 
dal  — ,  to  make  a  little  money  out  of 
everything. 

Aff.  -ino  dim.  very  thin,  -ita,  -iziamento,  -izzare 
to  draw  fine  distinctions,  -mente  adv.,  .uccio  or  -uzzo 
dim. 

Sottinfermier-e  m.,  -a  / ;  hospital 
assistant. 

tSottino  w/.;  =  Tinozzina,  small  tub. 

Sottintenden-te  m. ;  sub-manager. 
Aff.  -za. 

Sottintend-ere  perf.  sottinte'si,  part. 
sottinteso;  to  understand  what  is  not 
explicitly  said.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

S6tto  (L.  subtus,  var.  of  subter, 
comparative  form  of  sub,  see  above, 
Sopra);  i.  under.  Secondary  senses : 

2.  Di  — ,  bottommost ;   Abita  al  pian 
di   — ,   he    lives   on   the   lowest    floor. 

3.  short  of;  Rimane  —  Prato,  he  stops 
this   side  of  Prato.      4.    about;    --a 
quel  tempo,  about  that  time;  Verro  — 
Natale,  1   will  come  somewhere  about 
Christmas-time.    5.  Sotto  sotto,  secretly. 
6.   II  di  — ,  the  bottom  part;   II  di  - 


SOTTO-ARCHIVISTA— SOVERCHIARE 


di   quest'  abito   e   sempre   buono,   the 
substance  of  this  coat  is  still  quite  good. 

7.  Essere  al  di  — ,  to  be  worsted;  Fino 
ad  ora  sono  rimasto  al  di  —  di  mille 
lire,  so  far  I  am  a  thousand  to  the  bad. 

8.  Cavar  di  — ,  to  get  out  of  a  person, 
wheedle  something  out  of  him.     9.  Dar 

-  a,  to  make  a  vigorous  beginning  ; 
Dar  —  al  nemico,  to  deliver  a  vigorous 
attack  upon  the  enemy ;  Hanno  dato  — 
a  quel  prosciutto,  they  have  begun  eating 
up  that  ham  fast.  10.  as  a  summons  to 
energy;  Ragazzi,  — ,  e  da  bravi,  now, 
my  boys,  get  to  work  with  a  will.  1 1.  — 
mano,  in  an  underhand  way.  12.  Metier 
— ,  (a)  to  put  the  horses  in,  harness  them 
to  the  carriage,  (lit.)  to  put  (the  oxen) 
under  (the  yoke),  (6)  to  bury.  13.  Sotto ! 
an  expression  used  by  a  barber  to  a 
customer;  Ci  son  due  — ,  there  are  two 
people  being  done.  14.  Cacciarsi  —  a 
uno,  to  rush  at  him.  15.  Tirar  — ,  to 
continue.  16.  as  sb.,  bottom  part. 

Sotto-archivista  m. ;  assistant 
keeper  of  records,  -barba  / ;  i .  =  Bar- 
bozza.  2.  (mar.)  -barba  a  vite  del 
bompresso,  screw-gammoning  of  a 
bowsprit ;  -barba  del  bastone  di  flocco, 
dolphin-striker,  -bibliotecario  m. ;  as- 
sistant librarian,  -bicchiere  m. ;  any- 
thing placed  under  a  glass  to  protect 
the  table-cloth,  -boccia  m.  or/;  de- 
canter-stand, -calza/ ;  understocking, 
-calzoni  m.  pi. ;  =  Mutande,  drawers, 
-cancelliere  m. ;  vice-chancellor,  -capo 
m. ;  manager's  assistant. 

*  Sottoccare  ;  to  touch  lightly. 

Sottbcchio.  Sott'  6cchio,  or  Sot- 
tdcchi  ;  =  Sottecche,  stealthily. 

SdttO-chiglia  /;  (mar.)  =  Contro- 
chiglia,  false  keel.  -c6da  m.  indecl.; 
crupper.  -commissi6ne  /. ;  committee 
formed  by  a  Commission,  -cop&rta/! ; 

1.  lower  cover.    2.  (mar.)  as  adv.,  under 
the  deck,   -cdppa/ ;  salver,  tray,  saucer, 
-corrfente ;   i./,  under-current  of  water. 

2.  as  adj.  or  adv.,  in  the  down-stream 
direction,      -cbscio     m. ;  =  Soccoscio, 
rump  of  beef,     -cubco  m. ;  under-cook. 
-custbde  m. ;   sub-warden,     -cutaneo  ; 
subcutaneous,    -delegate  m.;  i.  in  the 
old  Papal  States,  vice-legate.     2.  sub- 
inspector  of  police,    -diminutive ;  sub- 
diminutive,  -direttdre m. ;  sub-manager, 
-divisidne  /.  ;  =  Suddivisione.      -domi- 
nante  / ;  (mus.)  sub-dominant,    -dor- 
miente    m. ;    (mar.)   clamp.     -fatt6re 
m. ;  sub-agent,     -f&udo  m. ;  under-fief. 
-fluviale  ;    flowing   below  the   surface. 
Di  —  gamba;    without  special  effort. 
-g61a  m.  indecl.;  i.q.  Soggolo,  chin-strap, 
-grondale  m. ;  (arch.)  lower  part  of  the 
cornice,     -limitare  m. ;  threshold. 

Sdttolineare  ind.  s6ttolineo;  to 
underline. 

Sotto-lume  m. ;  mat  upon  which 
to  set  a  lamp,  -lunare ;  sub-lunary. 
-maestro  m. ;  assistant-master,  -manica 
f. ;  under-sleeve. 

S6ttomano ;  i .  adv.  underhand. 
Di  — ,  secretly.  2.  as  sb.,  writing-pad, 
•gratuity,  tip. 


Sottomare  m.  \  the  lower  depths  of 
the  sea. 

S6ttomarfno ;  submarine. 

S6ttom6dia  ;«.;  =  Sotto  la  media, 
less  than  half  full  marks. 

S6ttom£tt-ere,  for  conjug.  v.  Met- 
tere;  i.  to  subdue.  2.  to  subject.  3.  to 
put  (a  breeding  animal)  to  the  male. 

4.  -ersi,  to  submit  oneself,  to  acquiesce. 

5.  part.    Sottome'sso,    submissive,    re- 
spectful. 

Sbttpminare  ind.  sottomi'no ;  to 
undermine. 

S6ttomoltfplice  m. ;  (math.)  sub- 
multiple. 

S6ttom6nte  m. ;  =  La  zona  di  mezzo 
del  grano  ventilate. 

Sottomurata  /;  foundation  of  a 
building. 

Sottonormale  f. ;  (geom.)  sub- 
normal. 

Sottonotare  ind.  sottonoto ;  =  Sotto- 
lineare. 

*  So tton su  adj.  indecl. ;   picture  intended  to  be 
viewed  from  below,  e.g.  a  painting  on  a  ceiling. 

S6tto-oreccM6ne  m.;  trunnion-plate 
of  a  gun. 

Sottopancia  m. ;  belly-band  for  a 
horse,  girth-strap. 

Sottopiede  ;«. ;  i.  (mar.)  door-mat. 
2.  step  of  a  carriage. 

S6ttop6-rre  ind.  sottop<5ngo  ecc.,  v. 
Porre ;  i.  to  submit,  to  subject.  2.  (leg.) 
to  declare  mentally  incapable.  3.  -rsi 
a,  to  place  oneself  at  the  disposal  of; 
-rsi  a  un  incarico,  to  undertake  it  or 
express  oneself  ready  to  undertake  it. 

Part.  S6ttop6sto :  4.  exposed  (to 
injury  or  risk).  5.  subordinate ;  Stia 
sottoposta  alia  madre,  she  should  be 
ruled  by  her  mother;  Quando  siamo 
sottoposti,  seeing  that  we  have  to  obey 
orders.  Aff.  Sottoposizi6ne. 

*  Sottopozzare  ;  =  Soppozzare,  to  submerge. 

S6ttopref6tt-o  m. ;  sub-prefect.  Aff. 
-ura. 

S6ttopri6r-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  sub-prior  or 
prioress. 

S6ttoprovvedit6re  m. ;  assistant  in- 
spector. 

Sdttoscala  m. ;  space  under  a  flight 
of  stairs. 

Sottoscatto  m.;  trigger-blade,  the 
upper  part  of  the  trigger  concealed 
within  the  lock,  which  releases  the 
detent  of  the  hammer. 

t  S6ttosc6rzayC;  =  Alburno,  sap-wood. 

Sdttoscritta  / ;  signature. 
S6ttoscritt6re  m. ;  signatory. 

S6ttoscrivano  m. ;  (mar.)  second 
mate. 

S6ttpscrf-vere  perf.  -ssi,  part,  -tto  ; 
i.  to  sign  one's  name  to.  2.  fig.  to 
subscribe,  e.g.  to  an  opinion. 

S6ttoscrizi6ne,  Soscrizione/;  sub- 
scription. 

*  Sottoacuotere  ;  to  sliake  at  the  lower  end. 


*  Sotto-sedere  ;  =  Sottostare.     -segretario  t». : 
under-secretary.   *-solano  m.;  east  wind,    -sopra  ; 
upside  down,     -specie/".;  sub-species,     -squadra 
adv. ;  at  an  acute  angle. 

S6ttosquadro  nt. ;  oblique  cavity,  a  term  used 
by  silversmiths  for  those  parts  of  a  model  which  are 
sunk  in  at  an  acute  angle  from  the  general  surface, 
the  counterparts  of  which  are  corresponding  parts  of 
the  form  or  mould  which  stick  out,  the  one  set  fitting 
into  the  other,  an  arrangement  which  would  make  it 
impossible  to  separate  the  form  from  the  specimen 
when  it  has  been  cast,  without  spoiling  one  or  the 
other;  this  difficulty  is  met  by  the  use  of  Tasselli, 
which  are  pieces  made  of  the  same  material  as  the 
mould  but  separate  from  it  and  are  placed  in  position 
in  it ;  they  correspond  in  shape  to  the  several  oblique 
cavities  of  the  model. 

The  Tasselli  are  kept  in  their  places  inside  the 
mould  by  means  of  a  loop  of  string  which  passes 
into  a  wire  stirrup  or  mesh,  which  was  fixed  in  the 
substance  of  the  Tassello  while  it  was  soft ;  it  is  then 
held  by  a  little  peg  which  serves  to  twist  up  and 
tighten  the  loop  outside  the  mould.  In  this  way 
the  Tasselli  can  be  taken  out  one  by  one  by  pulling 
each  one  in  a  suitable  direction  corresponding  to 
the  bends  of  the  Sottosquadro  (E.  Sergent,  Arti  e 
Mestieri). 

Sdttostare,  for  conjug.  v.  Stare ; 
i.  to  stand  at  the  foot  of.  2.  to  undergo, 
to  experience ;  —  tina  perdita,  to  remain 
under  a  loss.  3.  to  occupy  an  inferior 
or  subordinate  position. 

Part.  pres.  Sottostant-e ;  4.  neigh- 
bouring; Regioni  -i  al  Danubio,  the 
districts  bordering  on  the  Danube. 
5.  included ;  Le  specie  -i,  the  species 
included  (in  a  genus).  6.  underneath  ; 
Nel  piano  — ,  in  the  floor  next  below. 
7.  subject,  v.  supra  (3).  8.  preceding 
(in  time). 

S6ttostraglio  m.  ;  (war.)=Briglia  del  bom- 
presso, bobstay. 

S6ttosublo  m. ;  subsoil. 
S6ttoten6nte  m. ;  sublieutenant. 

*  Sottotingere  ;  to  give  a  preliminary  dyeing. 

Sottovaso  m. ;  saucer  for  a  flower- 
pot. 

S6ttovent-ato ;  (mar.)  driven  to 
leeward.  -0  m. ;  lee. 

Sdttovest-e  / ;  waistcoat,  -aia  /  ; 
waistcoat-maker,  -ina  f. ;  dim.  of  -e. 

Sottovita/;  bodice. 

S6ttov6ce  ;  in  a  low  voice. 

*  Sottovolto  ;  upside  down. 

Sottrarre  ind.  sottraggo,  ecc.,  v. 
Trarre  ;  i.  to  withdraw,  draw  out, 
draw  back.  2.  to  subtract.  *to  deceive, 
seduce. 

Sottratto ;  part.  Sottrarre.  *  As  sb., 
wile,  craft. 

*  Sottrattore  m.:  vtsb.  of  Sottrarre. 
*Sottrattoso ;  i.  cunning,     ii.  detractive. 

Sottrazione  /. ;  subtraction. 

Sottuffi-ciale,  -ziale  m. ;  i.  (mar.) 
warrant  officer.  2.  (mil.)  non-commis- 
sioned officer. 

Sovaccino  m.  •  fried  ball  of  flour, 
fried  puff. 

tSovallare  ;  to  turn  upside  down. 

*  Sovattp  ?«.  ;  =  Sugatto,  thong. 

t  Soveggiolo  m. ;  leather  waist-band. 

Sov^nte  (L.  subinde);  often. 
Soverchi-am^nte ;  excessively. 

Soverchi-are  ind.  sov^rchio  sover- 
chi  ;  i.  to  be  in  excess  ;  Che  le  caggion 
di  man  quando  -a,  (the  Scales)  drop 
from  the  hand  (of  Night)  when  she 


SOVERCHIERIA— SPAGHITE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


prevails,  D.  Purg.  2.6  (Night,  conceived 
as  the  point  of  the  sky  opposite  to  the 
sun,  passing  out  of  the  sign  of  Libra 
when  night  becomes  longer  than  day) ; 
Fuor  della  bocca  a  ciascun  -ava  D'  un 
peccator  Ii  piedi,  each  had  the  feet  of  a 
sinner  sticking  out  of  its  mouth,  D.  Inf. 
19.  22.  2.  tr.  to  overcome.  3.  of  a 
river,  to  rise  above  (its  banks).  4.  to 
be  overbearing  towards  ;  Pretende  di  — 
tutti,  he  tries  to  browbeat  everybody. 

*i.  lo  traverse,     ii.  of  a  mountain,  to  fall  down. 
Aff.  -atore,  -alora,  -alrice. 

Soverchierfa  /. ;  i.  overbearing 
conduct.  2.  cheating. 

Soverchie'vole ;  i.  excessive.  2.  of 
a  bullying  temper. 

Sovercbio  (It.  sovra  or  L.  super, 
with  suffix  corresponding  to  L.  dim. 
suffix  -at/us,  but  often  with  no  dim. 
force  in  Italian);  i.  excessive,  or  as 
adv.,  excessively.  2.  as  sb.,  excess ; 
Per  —  sua  figura  vela,  (the  sun)  hides 
its  shape  from  us  by  its  excessive  bright- 
ness, D.  Purg.  17.  53.  3.  utmost  power. 

*i.  Far — ,  lo  emerge,  D.  Inf.  21.  51.  ii.  =  Sover- 
chieria,  insolence. 

•Sovero  m.  ;  =  Sughero,  cork. 

Sovesci-0  (Scioverso)  m.  (L.  sttb- 
versus,  turned  over) ;  a  crop  of  tares  or 
the  like  ploughed  in  for  manure.  Aff. 
-are  vb. 

tS6vici  m.  pi.  (L.  sitbices,  supports,  <  subicio, 
for  sitbjirio,  to  throw  under) ;  supporls,  seatings  for 
casks. 

t  Sovita  f. ;  =  Cascina. 

i^  S6vra ;  poet,  for  Sopra. 

^  Sovran-a/. ;   i.  v.  -o.     2.  an 

old  Austrian  coin  =  35  francs. 

Sovran-O  (mlt.  superanus,  < 
L.  supra,  v.  Sopra) ;  sovereign. 
*i.  lying  above,  ii.  fine  (silver). 

Aff.  -amente,  -eggiare,  -ila. 
*  Sovranzare    (Sobranzare) ;    i.  =  Sovra- 
neggiare,   to    be    sovereign,      ii.    to    be    im- 
pending. 

Sovrastare,  for  conjug.  v. 
Stare ;  i.  to  be  impending,  esp. 
in  a  menacing  sense.  2.  in  other 
senses  usu.  Soprastare. 

Sovreccitato ;  overstrung. 

Sovreminente  ;  i.  =  Sopra- 
stante,  lying  above.  2.  superex- 
cellent. 

Sovre'sso ;  (poet.)  upon. 

Sovrimp6rre  ;  to  lay  upon. 
^  Sovrimp6sta  / ;  supertax. 

Sovrintelliglbile ;  beyond  com- 
^       prehension. 

Sovnimano ;  superhuman. 

Sovvdggio,  Sowaggiolo  m. ;  i.q. 
Sobbaggiolo,  pad. 

Sowallo  m.  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps 
<M.H.G.  swal,  swollen  mass);  over- 
plus. A  — ,  in  abundance.  Di  — , 
besides,  what's  more.  Metier  a  — ,  to 
save  up  for  some  particular  expense. 

*i.  support,  assistance,  ii.  A — ,  without  paying 
for  one's  keep.  iii.  Metier  a  — ,  =  Meller  a  lischio. 
tiv.  Metier  a  — ,  to  turn  topsy-lurvy. 


4 


Sowen-ire,  for  conjug.  v.  Venire 
(L.  subvenire) ;  i.  to  assist.  2.  -irsi,  to 
come  back  to  one ;  Mi  sovviene  un 
tempo,  a  time  comes  back  to  me 
(when...);  Ora  non  me  ne  sovvengo, 
I  cannot  remember  it  now.  3.  as  sb., 
remembrance.  Aff.  -fbile,  -imento. 

Sovven-t6re  m.,  -trice/;  i.  pro- 
vider. 2.  helper. 

Sowenzi6ne  f. ;  subvention. 

*Sovvernare;~Svernare,  lo  pass  ihe  winter. 

Sovvers-i6ne  /  ;  subversion.  Aff. 
-ivo. 

Sovvertim^nto  m. ;  i.q.  Sovversione. 

Sovvert-ire  ind.  sovverto,  perf.  sov- 
verti'i,  part,  sovverso  or  sovvertfto  (L. 
sulrvertere) ;  to  upset,  subvert.  Aff. 
-itore,  -itrice. 

*  Soziare  ;  =  Accompagnare. 

S6zz-o  (cogn.  Span,  sucio,  Portug. 
snjo,  modern  Provenc.  sous,  <  bit. 
**suit'a'ns,  <  **sudicius,  v.  Sudicio) ; 
filthy.  *cruel. 

Aff.  -amenle,  -are  Tb.,  -ume  lol  of  filth,  -ura. 

Spaccategn-a,  -e  m.  indecl. ;  wood- 
cutter. 

Spaccamont-agni,  -i  m.  indecl.  ; 
braggart,  lit.  splitter  of  mountains. 

Spaccapietre  in.  indecl.  ;  stone- 
breaker. 

Space-are;  i.  to  split.  2.  — il  ses- 
santa,  of  a  watch,  to  keep  good  time, 
///.  to  split  the  mark  of  twelve  (sixty 
minutes)  when  it  is  noon.  3.  Sordo 
-ato,  stone  deaf;  Fiorentino  -ato,  regular 
Florentine  (style  of  speaking).  4.  (arch.) 
-ato,  as  si>.,  section,  drawing  in  section. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Etym.  M.H.G.  sfaclun,  to  split,  cp.  Dutch 
spakcn.  Slacken  seems  allied  to  O.H.G.  spa<-h<"i, 
slick  (>Span.  esfegue,  hand-spike),  and  ijticMA, 
spoke,  v.  Skeal,  sub  Spoke,  Spike. 

Spaccasassi  m.  indecl.;  (hot.)  netlle-lree,  v. 
Bagolaro. 

Spaccherello  tit. ;  splitter,  a  kind  of  fid  for 
splilling  hazel  boughs. 

Spacchettare  ind.  spacche'tto ;  to 
undo  a  package. 

Spacclie'tt-o,  -ino;  dim.,  sub-dim., 
of  Spacco. 

Spaccbi-are;  i.  inttns.  Pacchiare, 
to  guzzle.  2.  by  ext.  -arsi,  to  enjoy 
oneself  thoroughly,  e.g.  at  a  farce. 

Spacchino  m. ;  i.q.  Spassapietre, 
stone-breaker. 

Spacchl-6ne  m.,  -6na  /  ;  guzzler. 

tSpacchiucare  ;  to  make  messes. 

Spacci-abile ;  readily  saleable. 

Spacci-are  (for  Dispacciare,  which 
originally  was  to  get  out  of  a  difficulty, 
the  opposite  of  Impacciare,  q.v.) ;  i.  to 
sell,  with  an  implication  that  the  goods 
have  a  ready  sale.  2.  to  sell  out,  clear 
one's  stock.  3.  to  give  out;  Lo  -ano 
per  un  grand'  uomo,  he  is  always  sup- 
posed to  be  a  great  man  ;  Si  -a  per  un 
gran  che,  he  makes  himself  out  to  be 
something  very  big ;  Mi  si  venne  a  — 
per  professore,  he  tried  to  pass  himself 


off  upon  me  as  a  professor.  4.  —  una 
faccendola,  to  dispose  of  an  affair,  carry 
it  through  to  the  end.  5.  —  un  malato, 
of  a  doctor,  to  declare  a  patient  in- 
curable, usu.  Spedire.  6.  -ato,  done 
for,  ruined.  7.  Matto  -ato,  stark  mad. 

•i.  =Spicciare,  lo  haslen.  ii.  lo  send  away, 
iii.  -aria  per  la  maggiore,  lo  give  oneself  airs. 
iv.  —  il  terreno,  lo  Iravel  speedily,  v.  —  pel 
generale,  lo  gel  rid  of  an  imporlunale  applicant  by 
vague  promises. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -alivo,  -alore. 

Spaccio  m. ;  i.  ready  sale.  2.  at 
Florence,  engagement  (of  a  cab-driver) ; 
Ha  tutti  i  giorni  uno  -  -  per  San 
Domenico,  he  has  an  engagement  every 
day  for  going  to  San  Domenico.  v 

*i.  Monela  di  — ,  current  coin.  ii.  despalch  of 
lelters,  mail.  iii.  =  Commiato,  dismissal,  leave  lo  go 
away. 

Spacco  m.  (It.  spaccare) ;  split, 
crack. 

Spacc6n-e  (It.  spaccare,  cp.  Spac- 
camontagne);  swaggerer.  Aff.  -accio 
Pfgg-i  -ata  bragging- 

*  Spacificare  (for  Spazificare) ;  lo  assign  limils  lo. 

Spada  /.  (L.  spatha,  broadsword, 
<  Gr.  <riradi],  a  term  for  various  flat 
objects,  root  spa,  to  draw  out,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Spade);  i.  sword.  2.  name  for  a 
variety  of  pear.  3.  at  cards,  spade,  see 
the  note  under  Carta.  4.  (vet.)  —  ro- 
mana,  =  Remolino  (3).  5.  Pesce  — , 
sword-fish,  Xiphias  gladius. 

ti.  —  argenlina,  =  Lepidopo  argenlino,  scabbard- 
fish,  ii.  —  rossa,  =  Cepola  rosseggianle,  onion-fish. 

Spadacclno  ;«. ;  swordsman,  duellist. 

Spadaccidla  / ;  (bat.)  gladiolus,  r/.  Pancac- 
ciolo. 

Spadaio  m.  ;  i.  sword-maker. 
2.  (hist.)  sword-bearer. 

*Spadanciay^;  broadsword. 

Spadata  f. ;  blow  with  a  sword. 

Spaderellay:;  (bat.)  i.q.  Spadacciola. 

Spaderno  m. ;  triple  fish-hook. 

*  Spadiceo  (L.  spadix)  ;  cheslnut-brown  (horse). 
Spad-ifdrme;  sword-shaped,     -ina/;   dim. 

vezz.  of  -a. 

Spadiglia  f.;  at  the  game  of  Ombra,  spadille. 

Spadina/;  i.  toy  sword.  2.  hair- 
pin in  shape  of  a  sword. 

Spad-ino  m.  dim.,  -6na  /.  augm., 
of  -a. 

Spad6ne  m.  (A)  (augm.  Spada); 
big  sword.  Giocare  lo  —  a  due  gambe, 
i.e.  to  run  away,  t  =  Pesce  spada, 
sword-fish. 

*(B)  (L.,  <  Gr.  (TiroScui/,  <  iriroai,  to  pluck,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Spasm) ;  eunuch. 

Spadron-are  ind.  spadrono,  or 
-eggiare  ind.  -e'ggio,  to  lord  it  (-are 
being  the  worse). 

*  Spadulare  ;  to  drain  a  marsh. 
Spaento  in.  \  pop.  for  Spavento,  fear. 

*  Spagato  ;  disconlenled,  v.  Appagare. 

Spaghettfni  m.  pi. ;  fine  Spaghetti 
for  soup. 

Spaghe'tto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Spago,  fine 
string.  2.  in  pi.,  thin  strings  of  maca- 
roni. 

Spaghite  f. :  scherz.  or  iron,  limorousness,  ///. 
timid-itis,  t'.  Spago  (B). 


SPAGINARE— SPANIARE 


583 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with,  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

illd.  SpagillO;   (print.)  tO       akin  lo  Gothic  J/iV*i,  writing-board,  or  <L.i/«i/»/rt, 
through  some  intermediate  Spanish  form,  metathesis 
"S-  of  //into  Id  being  of  normal  occurrence  in  Spanish, 


Spagli-are;  i.  to  remove  the  straw, 
e.g.  from  a  chair  or  off  a  bottle.  2.  of 
sheep,  to  run  about  in  their  enclosure, 
e.g.  if  alarmed  by  a  fox.  3.  Andare  a 
-  in  un  luogo,  to  plant  oneself  there 
and  live  at  the  owner's  expense.  4.  to 
feed  an  animal  upon  straw.  5.  -arsi,  of 
floods,  to  spread  over  the  country. 

*i.  to  winnow,  ii.  to  run  over,  as  a  pot  boiling. 
iii.  to 'shake  off  snow.  iv.  to  splash,  as  water  upon 
a  stone  being  thrown  into  it.  v.  -arsi,  to  jump, 
upon  being  startled. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atora,  -atura. 

_  Etym.  In  senses  (i)  and  (4)  clearly  <  It.  paglia 
or  its  L.  prototype  palea,  straw,  with  prefix  $-  ;  in 
senses  (2)  and  (5)  probably  a  contraction  of  Spar- 
pagliare,  which  however  may  itself  be  derived  from 
Paglia. 

Spaglio  m.;  i.  flooding,  v.  Spag- 
liare  (5).  2.  Seminare  a  — ,  to  sow 
broadcast. 

'  Spaglione  w.;  (w*V.)=Pluteo,  mantlet. 

Spagliucol-are  ind.  spagliucolo  ;  to 
scatter  straw  about.  Aff.  -10. 

Spagna  f. ;  Spain.  Cera  di  — , 
sealing-wax.  Pecora  di  — ,  merino 
sheep.  Pan  di  — ,  a  paste  of  flour, 
sugar,  and  egg. 

Spagnol-aggine,  -ata  / ;  bravado, 
swagger. 

Spagnol-eggiare  ind.  spagnoleggio ; 
to  have  Spanish  manners,  use  Spanish 
expressions.  Aff.  -escamente,  -esco. 

Spagnoletta  /;  i.  sash-bolt  of  a 
window.  2.  cigarette.  3.  a  kind  of  dance. 

Spagn61-o,  Spagnubl-o ;  Spanish. 
Aff.  -ismo. 

SpagO  m.  (A)  (mlt.  spacus,  which  is 
perhaps  for  sparcus,  a  contracted  form 
of  **sparticus  <  L.  spartum,  v.  Sparto ; 
an  alternative  derivation  is  <  Arabic 
espab,  ropes) ;  string,  strong  thread,  csp. 
cobbler's  thread.  Dare  —  a  uno,  to 
draw  him  out. 

(B)  (L.  pavor,  i'.  Sbigottire  ;  for  favor,  v. 
Pudicamente)  ;  p?J>.  for  Paura,  fear. 

Spahi,  Spai  m.  (Pers.  sipahi,  rider,  z'.  Skeat, 
sub  Sepoy) ;  Turkish  cavalryman. 

Spai-are;  to  unmatch.  -ato;  odd. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Spalanc-are  (It.  palanca,  split  rail); 
to  throw  wide  open  (lit.  to  unbar). 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -atore. 

Spal-are  (A)  (It.  pala);  i.  to  shovel 
away.  2.  in  rowing,  to  feather.  (B)  (It. 
palo)  to  remove  stakes  or  props. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atore,  -atura. 

Spalc-are  ;  i .  to  take  down  scaffold- 
ing or  other  woodwork.  2.  to  remove 
the  lower  boughs  of  a  tree.  3.  Ingegno 
che  -a,  startling  ability  ;  Oratore  die  -a, 
brilliant  speaker.  Aff.  -atdio  adj. 

Spalco  m. ;  Di  — ,  brilliant,  v.  Spal- 
care  (3).  Donna  di  — ,  woman  who 
pushes  herself  forward,  who  seizes  a 
leading  place. 

Spaldo  HI.  ;  =  Ballatoio,  passage  along 
the  battlements  or,//.,  the  battlements 
themselves. 

•  i.  the  most  projecting  part  of  a  shield,   ii.  rampart. 
litym.   dn/r.      Either  <  O.H.G.  spoil,    fissure, 


v.  Spalla.     For  spatula,  v.  Spada. 

Spalificare  ;  to  remove  the  stakes. 

Spall-ay^  (cogn.  old  Fr.  espalde,  es- 
ptille,  >  Fr.  e"paule,  Proveng.  espalla, 
Span.  espaMa,<b\t.  spatula,  ladle,  v. 
Spada);  i.  shoulder.  2.  fig.  support; 
Fare  — ,  to  aid.  3.  At  Pallone,  the 
player  who  stands  nearest  to  the  Batti- 
tore  when  the  game  begins.  4.  Gittarsi, 
Buttarsi  una  cosa  dietro  alle  -e,  to  dis- 
miss it  from  one's  mind.  5.  Ristringersi, 
Stringers!  nelle  -e,  to  shrug  the  shoulders, 
in  token  of  inability  to  deal  with  a 
matter.  6.  Dire  una  cosa  dietro  le  -e, 
to  say  something  of  a  person  behind  his 
back.  7.  Voltar  le  -e,  to  turn  one's 
back.  8.  A  — ,  over,  or  across  the 
shoulders.  9.  Alle  -e,  (to  live)  at  the 
cost  of  (another  person).  10.  (scherz.) 
Mangiare  una  — ,  or  una  costola,  a  uno, 
to  go  and  dine  with  him.  ii.  Veden- 
dosi  il  di  dopo  le  -e,  i.e.  night  having 
come  on.  12.  =  Culatta,  breech  (of  a 
cannon).  13.  -  del  flume,  =  Golena, 
mud-bank. 

Spall-accia/:;  i.  pegg.  -a.  2.  (vet.)  swollen 
shoulder. 

Spallaccio  m. ;  i.  shoulder-piece  of 
armour.  2.  =  Spallino,  epaulet. 

Spallaccidne  m.  ;  slap  on  the 
shoulders. 

Spall-are;  i.  to  injure  an  animal's 
shoulder  by  overloading  it.  2.  -arsi,  at 
Italian  billiards,  to  leave  one's  ball 
covered  by  the  Birilli  or  the  small  ball, 
so  that  the  adversary's  shot  must  be 
played  at  it  off  the  cushion,  indirectly, 
v.  Pallino  (2).  3.  part,  -ato,  v.  infra 
in  loco. 

Spallata  f. ;  shove  with,  or  shrug 
of  the  shoulder. 

Spallat-o  i .  m. ;  sprained  shoulder. 

2.  (-vet.)    as    adj.,    with     a     sprained 
shoulder;  fig.,  ruined,  e.g.  from  debts; 
Ragione  -a,  worthless  reason. 

Spalleggi-are  ind.  spall^ggio;  i.  to 
come  to  the  aid  of.  2.  to  shelter,  as 
the  landing  of  troops  by  a  war-vessel. 

3.  (fortif.)  to  form  a  flanking-traverse. 

4.  of  a  horse,  to  have  good  shoulder 
action,  and  hold  the  head  well.     Aff. 
-amento. 

Spalletta/;  i.  parapet.  2.  (arch.) 
splay  of  a  window,  where  the  wall  is  cut 
obliquely  away  inwards  so  as  to  allow 
space  for  the  shutters  to  lie  back.  3.  em- 
bankment wall  of  a  river,  esp.  in  a  town. 

Spalliera/  (It.  spalla) ;  i.  back  of  a 
chair  or  sofa.  2.  head  or  foot  of  a  bed, 
side  of  a  child's  crib.  3.  fruit-trees  or 
flowering-shrubs  arranged  as  an  espalier 
for  the  border  of  a  bed  in  a  garden. 
4.  line  of  soldiers  keeping  the  street 
clear  for  a  procession,  y  (hist.)  the 
bench  of  oarsmen  nearest  the  stern  of 
a  galley. 

Spallierato ;  Muro  — ,  wall  covered  with 
espaliers. 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Spallier-e  m.  ;  (hist.)  oarsman  of  the  stern 
bench,  v.  -a  (5). 

Spallier-etta,  -ina  dim.,  -6na  nugw.,  of -a. 

Spallfn-a  /,  or  -o  w. ;  epaulet. 

Spallin-o  in.  ;  i.  =  -a.  2.  carrier, 
porter. 

Spallo  >/z.  ;  =  Sballo,  sending  the  ball 
out  of  court. 

Spall-dna  f. ;  augm.  -a.  -dne  m. ; 
carrier,  porter. 

Spall-uccia/  ;  dim.  spreg.  -a ;  Fare 
-ucce,  to  shrug  the  shoulders  slightly, 
as  a  sign  of  inability. 

Spallucciata  / ;  shrug. 

Spalm-are ;  to  spread  a  coat  of  tar, 
grease,  etc.,  to  "  pay."  Aff.  -atore. 

Spalmat-a  f. ;  i.  blow  on,  or  with, 
the  open  hand.  2.  v.  Spalmare.  Aff. 
-atina  dim. 

Spalm-atura  /.,  -o  m. ;  coating  of 
tar,  v.  -are. 

Spalto  in.  (A)  (var.  of  Spaldo)  ; 
(mil.)  glacis.  *  =  Pavimento,  floor. 

(B)  —  di  Sicilia  (L.  asphaltum)  ; 
asphaltum,  a  form  of  bitumen  used  by 
painters. 

(0)  (Germ.  Spalt,  flaky  carbonate  of 
lime) ;  (min.)  a  stone  used  as  a  flux  for 
metals. 

Spaltrdne  m. ;  (hot.)  gorse,  v.  Gine- 
strone. 

Spampan-are  ind.  spampano;  i.  to 
remove  the  leaves  of  a  vine.  2.  -arsi, 
of  a  rose,  to  drop  its  petals.  3.  fig.  to 
boast.  Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

Spampinare  ind.  spampino;  =  Spam- 
panare. 

Spanare ;  i.  to  remove  the  earth 
from  round  a  root,  ?/.  Pane  (A,  4).  2.  to 
break  the  threads  of  a  screw,  v.  Pane 
(B,  i). 

Spanci-are ;  to  bulge.  *-arsi,  to 
burst  (with  laughter). 

Spanciata/;  i.  bellyful.  2.  bursting 
(with  laughter).  3.  Battere  una  — ,  to 
run  against  something;  e.g.  the  edge  of 
a  table  in  the  dark. 

Spanconarsi;  of  ground,  to  crack, 
v.  Pancone  (3). 

Spandere/^r/  spanddi,  ^arA  spanto 
(var.  of  Espandere) ;  i.  to  spread  out. 
2.  to  scatter. 

Spandifieno  in. ;  (agric.)  tedder. 
Spand-im^nto  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -ere. 

Spanditdio  m.  ;  drying-floor  in  a 
paper-mill. 

Spanditdra  / ;  spreader,  v.  Span- 
ditoio. 

Spandi-tdre  /«.,  -tura  / ;  vbsbs.  of 
Spandere. 

Spanfierdn-e  »/.,  -a  /  (an  intensive 
based  upon  It.  paffa,  v.  Spatanfiona); 
big  fat  person. 

Spaniare ;  to  remove  the  birdlime. 


SPANIATO— SPASA 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word.;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2 

Sparato,  Sparo  m. ;   opening  in  a 
dress  along  its  length. 
Spar-at6re  tn. ;  v.  -are. 


*  Spaniato  in. ;  Dare  nello  — -,  to  make  a  mistake. 
Spanna  f.   (Germanic,   v.    Skeat,    sub   Span); 
^Palmo,  span,  as  a  measure  of  length. 


*i.  Jig.  for  any  small  quantity,  ii.  — Mano,  hand, 
iii.  Fare  —  di,  to  make  public,  iv.  A  — ,  very 
minutely. 

Spann-are  (A) ;  to  skim.  Aff.  -atoia 
skimming-ladle, -atura.  *(B);  to  spread 
the  sails,  v.  Panno. 

Spann.6cch.ia/  ;  =  Pannocchia,  tuft. 

Spannocchiare  irtd.  spannocchio  ; 
to  cut  the  heads  of  maize. 

Spannocchino  in.  ;  {hot.)  common  meadow 
grass,  "V.  Sciammica. 

Spantacchio  in.  (It.  spantare)  ; 
scarecrow. 

Spantanare  ind.  spantano;  to  get 
out  of  a  morass. 

t  Spantare  (Cogn.  Provenc.  espaventar,  old  Fr. 
esparenter,  >  Fr.  /pouvanter,  Span,  espantar,  <blt. 
**  expavcntare);  to  be  amazed. 

*  Spantezza  f.\  magnificence. 

Spanto  ;  part.  Spandere.  *As  adj. :  i.  =  Pom- 
poso.  ii.  =  Grande,  tiii.  as  s&.,  amazement. 

*  Spantoso  ;  marvellous. 
tSpapacciare  ;  =  Ammaccare,  to  bruise. 

Spappagallare ;  to  talk  like  a  parrot. 

Spappato ;  with  the  starch  washed 
out. 

Spappol-are  ind.  spdppolo ;  i.  to 
become  pulpy.  2.  -arsi  in  una  cosa, 
to  be  supremely  delighted  with  it.  tto 
gobble  up. 

*  Sparabicchiare  ;  =  Andare  a  sparabicco. 

*  Sparabicco  w.  (var.  of  Sparavicco) ;  Andare  a 
— ,  to  prowl  round. 

tSparaci  m.  pi.  ;  =  Sparagi. 
tSpara-ciato  ;  -:  -giato. 

*  Sparadrappo   m.   (cogn.    Fr.  sparadrap,   mlt. 
sparadrapum,  a  corruption  of  spandarapum,  which 
suggests  derivation  from   Spandere  drapum  but  is 
regarded  by  Littre  as  of  unknown  origin) ;  sticking- 
plaster. 

Sparafan6ne  m. ;~  Fanfarone,  blusterer. 

Sparagagno  tn.  (par.  of  Spavenio);  (vet.) 
spavin. 

Spara-gella,  -ghella./;  v.  Sparagio  (2). 

Sparagiaiay! ;  i.  asparagus-bed.  2.  asparagus- 
seller. 

Sparagiaio  m.;  asparagus-seller. 

*  Sparagiato  ;  =  Sciorinato,  Sbottonato. 
Sparagino    m. ;     i.     dim.     vezz.     Sparagio. 

2.   schtrz.  tall,  thin,  child. 

Sparagio  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
•voc.);  (dot.)  i.  —  coltivato,  asparagus, 
Asparagus  officinalis,  also  termed  As- 
parago.  2.  —  di  macchia,  or  de'  boschi, 
wild  asparagus,  Asparagus  acutifolius, 
also  termed  Palazzo  di  lepre,  Spara- 
ghella.  3.  fig.  tall  person  ;  also,  person 
of  little  sense. 

Sparagi6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  Sparagio. 

*  Sparagnare  (O.  H.G.  sparSn,  to  save,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Spare) ;  i.  =  Risparmiare,  to  save.     ii.  to  pardon. 

tSparagrembo  in. ;  =  Grembiale,  apron. 
*Spara-guano,     -guagnolo     m.  ;     fright     in 
animals. 

tSparalampi  tn.  ;  =  Fanfarone,  boaster. 

*  Sparapane  tn.  ;  =  Mangiapane,  useless  mouth. 

Spar-are  (A)  (L.  disparare,  to  set 
asunder);  i.  to  rip  a  body  open.  2. — 
una  camicia,  v.  Sparo.  3.  -arsi,  to  do 
one's  very  utmost. 

(B)  (It.  parare,  with  privative  prefix 
J-) ;  i.  to  take  down  the  decorations  (of 
a  church),  to  unfurnish  (a  house).  2.  to 
fire  off,  e.g.  a  gun  or  fig.  an  exclama- 
tion. 

(0)  (for  Disimparare) ;  to  unlearn. 

Spar-ata/;  v.  -are  (6,2).  *= Sparo. 


Sparavento  m.  ;=Riscontro  d'  aria, 
draught. 

*  Sparavicco  m.;~ Spauracchio,  scarecrow. 

*  Sparaviere  in.  ;  =  Sparviere,  kite. 
tSparbiere  tn. ;  hook  to  hold  up  the  canopy  of  a 

bed,  or  the  canopy  itself  when  hooked  up  or  otherwise 
spread  out. 

Sparecchi-are  ind.  sparecchio  (v. 
Apparecchiare) ;  i.  to  clear  away  the 
dishes  after  a  meal.  2.  scherz.  to  eat 
everything  up.  Aff.  -amento. 

Spareggio  m. ;  disparity. 

Sparentare ;  to  die,  //'/.  to  quit  one's 
parents,  only  used  in  the  pro^:.  Chi 
presto  indenta,  presto  sparenta. 

*  Sparere  ;  i.  =  Sparire.     ii.  =  Scomparire. 
tSparetto  m. ;  v.  Sargo  (i). 

Sparganio  in.  (L.,<Gr.  trxa.pyoLVLov,  dim.  of 
(rnapyaifov,  swathing-band)  ;  (hot.)  floating  bur-reed, 
v.  Sala  (C). 

Sparg-ere  ind.  spargo  spargi,  perf. 
sparsi,  part,  sparso  (L.,  perhaps  from 
the  same  root  as  E.  spark,  spray,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Sparse,  and  also 
p.  758,  under  the  roots  Sper,  Spherg) ; 

1.  to  scatter,  to  spread.   2.  Tazze  sparse, 
cups  very  wide  at  the  top.    Aff.  -imento, 
-itore. 

*Spargiric-o  m.  (mlt.  spagyrica,  <  Gr.  o-iraw, 
to  pluck,  ayttpta,  to  assemble) ;  charlatan,  alchemist. 
Aff.  *-a,  alchemy. 

*Spargogliare  ;=Sparpagliare,  to  scatter. 
Spargola/.;  (tat.)  i.  willow-herb,  v.  Salccrella. 

2.  tall   wud   oats,   v.    Saggina   (2).      *  =  Aspersorio, 
holy-water  sprinkler. 

Spargolo  ;  of  a  grape-cluster,  with  few  grapes. 

Sparigliare  ;  the  opposite  of  Ap- 
parigliare. 

Sparire  ind.  spar-isco  -isci  -isce 
-iamo  -fte  -fscono,  perf.  spar-fi  -isti  -1, 
or  sparvi  sparve"sti  sparve,  spar-immo 
-iste  -irono  or  (less  commonly)  spar- 
vero,/#/.  spar-iro  -irai  -irk  -ir^mo  -irete 
-iranno,  cond.  sparir-ei  -dsti  -ebbe-emmo 
-este  -ebbero,  imperat.  spar-isci  -isca 
-iamo  -ite  -iscano,  subj.  spar-isca  -isca 
-isca  -i£mo  -iate  -iscano,  perf.  subj. 
spar-issi  -issi  -isse  -issimo  -iste  -fssero, 
part,  sparito;  to  disappear.  *  =  Scom- 
parire.  Aff.  Sparizi6ne. 

Sparl-are ;  to  speak  ill  of.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -at6re. 

t  Sparlo  ;  v.  Sparo  (3). 

*  Sparmiare  \—  Risparmiare,  to  spare. 

Sparnazz-are  or  tSparnicciare ; 
i.  to  scatter  about,  as  fowls  with  their 
feet.  2.  fig.  to  squander.  Aff.  -amento. 

Etym.  Either  by  metathesis  <  **  sparginare, 
formed  from  Spargere,  like  Sciorirtare  from  Sciorare, 
or  directly  from  Spargere  with  an  altered  termination, 
taken  perhaps  from  Starnazzare,  q.v.  The  Sardinian 
form  of  the  word,  Sparzinai,  gives  some  support  to 
the  first-mentioned  alternative. 

Sparo  m.;  i.  firing  off.  2.  =  Sparato, 
opening  in  a  dress.  3.  a  genus  of  fishes, 
Sparus,  it.  Sargo  (3). 

Sparpagli-are ;  to  scatter  about. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente,  -o  sb.,  -one  scatterer. 

Etym.  hazy.  Cogn.  Provenc.  esparpalhar,  old 
Fr.  esparpeiiler  (>  Fr.  tparpitler),  Span,  despar- 
pajar,  "pointing  to  a  bit.  form  ** sparpiliare,  of 
uncertain  origin,  perhaps  from  a  fusion  of  the  stems 
of  L.  Spargere  and  papilio,  butterfly"  (Hatzfeld  and 
Darmestetter).  Diez  traces  the  word  to  L.  papilio, 


through  a  corruption  ** parpaglia  (r1.  Farfalla);  Caix 
to  a  fusion  of  two  equivalents,  Spargere  and  Spagliare, 
or  simply  to  reduplication  of  the  first  syllable  of 
Spagliare,  **  spa-spagliare  >  Sparpagliare,  the  s 
being  altered  into  r  as  in  Tartassare ;  this  last  seems 
the  simplest  supposition  and  brings  the  word  back  to 
L.  palea,  straw,  so  that  the  literal  meaning  would  be 
"  to  toss  about  like  straw." 

Sparsame'nte ;  disconnectedly,  here 
and  there. 

Sparso ;  part.  Spargere. 

Spartamente  ;  =  Sparsamente. 
Spartan-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 


Sparte ;  A 


=  In  disparte,  aside. 

Spartea./;  (&>/.)  =  Sparto,  broom. 
Sparteriayl;  objects  made  with  esparto  fibre. 

Spartiacque  m. ;  watershed. 

Spart-ibile,  -igi6ne,  -imento ;  v.  -ire. 
Spartineve  in.  imiecl.\  snow-clearer. 

Spartire  ind.  spart-o  or  -isco;  i.  to 
divide  up.  2.  to  divide,  separate.  3.  Tra 
me  e  lui  c'  e  poco  da  — ,  he  and  I  are 
about  on  a  level.  4.  Non  ho  nulla  da 
—  con  lui,  I  am  not  connected  with  him 
in  any  way.  5.  (mas.)  —  il  tempo,  to 
keep  time  accurately  ;  —  uno  compo- 
sizione,  to  write  the  score  for  it. 

Spartita ;  Alia  — ,  i.  separately. 
2.  disconnectedly. 

Spartitarnente ;  separately,  one  by 
one. 

Spartito  m. ;  (mus.)  the  parts  of  a 
score  given  to  the  several  performers, 
regarded  collectively.  La  partitura  la 
tiene  ii  maestro,  lo  —  gli  arlisti,  e  a 
ciascuno  la  sua  parte,  the  conductor 
has  the  score  and  the  performers  have 
the  whole  of  the  parts,  each  musician 
having  his  own  part. 

Spartitdio  m. ;  structure  for  dis- 
tributing water. 

Spart-itura  / ; 
=  Partitura,  score. 

Spartizi6ne  / ; 


v.  -ire.    2.  (mus.) 


distribution. 


Sparto  (A)  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  <nrapro?,  root  sper,  to 
twist,  ?'.  Spira) ;  (bot.)  i.  one  of  the  esparto  grasses, 
v.  Giunco  (9,  a).  2.  —  pungente,  (a)  sea  matweed 
or  maram  grass,  Atniiwphila  arundirwcea,  (b)  cord 
grass,  Spartina  stricta. 

*(B);  old  part,  of  Spargere. 

Sparut-o  (var.  of  Sparito,  part,  of 
Sparire);  i.  thin,  wan.  2.  fig.  meagre. 
Aff.  -ello  dim.,  -ezza. 

*Sparverugio  HI.;  dim.  Sparviere. 
*Sparvierato ;  swift  (ship). 

Sparvi&r-e,  -o  m. ;  i.  (ornith.) 
(a)  sparrow-hawk,  Accipiter  nisus,  also 
termed  Moscardo,  Moscardino,  Mos- 
chetto,  Falco  palombino,  Smerlo ;  (b)  — 
da  colombi,  or  —  terzuolo,  goshawk,  v. 
Astore  ;  (c)  —  da  filunguelli,  merlin, 
v.  Smeriglio;  (d)  —  pellegrino,  pere- 
grine falcon,  -v.  Falcone.  2.  plasterer's 
trowel. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  csparviers,  old  Fr. 
cspervier  (>  Fr.  fpenrier),  old  Span,  esparvel, 
Catalan  esparver,  <  mlt.  sparaveriits,  <  O.  H.G. 
sparivAri,  a  compound  of  sparwa.  sparrow,  and  arit 
eagle.  Sparwa  corresponds  to  A.S.  speanva,  root 
sper,  to  nutter,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sparrow ;  art  was  the 
general  Indogermanic  term  for  eagle,  cj>.  Germ.  Aart 
in  use  until  the  i6th  century,  A.S.  rarrt,  Scottish 
frttf,  Gr.  opns,  bird,  root  ere,  to  raise,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Ornithology. 

*  Spasa    f. ;     a    piece    of    flat    wickerwork,    v. 
Spaso. 


SPASIMARE— SPECULO 


585 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Spasim-are  ind.  spasimo ;  to  suffer 
agonies. 

*i.  to  desire  passionately,     ii.  to  spend,  dissipate. 
iii.  to  distribute,    iv.  to  consume.    Aff.  -atamente. 

Spasimo  w.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Spasm);  agony. 

Spasimdso  ;  agonising.     Spasmo  ///.;  as  E. 

Spasmodic-amente,  -o ;  as  E. 
*  Spaso  ;  old  fart,  of  Spandere,  outspread. 

Spassare  (L.  spatiari,  to  walk  about, 
v.  Spazio) ;  to  amuse. 

Spasseggi-are  ind.  spassdggio ;  to 
walk  about.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -ata. 

Spasseggi-o  m.  ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are. 
2.  promenade.  3.  Nuotare  di  — ,  to 
swim  with  the  side-stroke  (also  termed 
Nuotare  alia  marinara)  the  arms  giving 
an  appearance  of  walking. 

Spassion-arsi ;  i.  to  relieve  one's 
feelings.  2.  part,  -ato,  passionless,  quiet. 
Aff.  -atame'nte  quietly,  -atezza. 

Spasso  m.  (It.  spassare) ;  i.  amuse- 
ment; Andare  a  — ,  to  go  out  for  a 
walk.  2.  A  — ,  unemployed,  out  of  a 
situation.  3.  Portare  a  —  uno,  to  put 
him  off,  make  delays  over  his  business. 

4.  Mandare   a   — ,  to   get  rid  of ;    at 
dominoes,   Mandare  a  — ,  or  in  cam- 
pagna,   un    doppione,   to    prevent    the 
adversary  from  playing  a  doublet. 

Spastare ;  to  remove  the  paste. 

Spastoiare  ind.  spastoio ;  to  remove 
the  hobbles. 

SpatayC;  (hot.)  i.q.  Mestola,  spathe,  the  spoon- 
shaped  involucre  of  certain  flowers.  *  =  Spada,  sword. 

Spatanfl6na  /  ;  big,  fat  woman,  cp. 
Spanfierone. 

Etym.  Akin  to  Butifione  ;  <  root  pot  or  bod,  to 
distend,  +  L.  injjare,  with  intensive  prefix  s-. 

Spaternostrare  ind.  spaternostro ; 
to  be  very  pious. 

Spat-o  m.  (Germ.  S/«M,<  M.H.G. 
spat,  regarded  by  Schade  as  a  foreign 
word  in  German,  origin  unknown  ;  when 
first  introduced,  about  the  eleventh  cen- 
tury, it  meant  "  alum  ") ;  (min.)  spar, 
a  term  for  various  bright  crystalline 
minerals.  Aff.  -<5so. 

Spatolay!;  i.  (bot.) —  fetida,  stinking  gladwyn, 
v.  Ricottaria.  3.  (ornith.)  (a)  shoveller  duck,  Anns 
clypeata  ',  (b)  spoon-bill,  also  termed  Cucchiarone, 
Mestolone,  PeHicano.  3.  =  Scotola,  scutching-sword 
for  scutching  flax.  4.  harlequin's  wooden  sword. 

5.  painter's  spatula. 

Spatri-are;  to  expatriate  oneself.  Aff.  -amento. 

Spauracchiare ;  to  scare,  v.  Paura. 

Spauracchio  m. ;  scarecrow,  bug- 
bear. 

Spaur-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  terrify.  Aff. 
-imento. 

Spavald-o ;  shameless,  impudent. 
Aff.  -eria. 

Etym.  uncertain.  Prob.  <  the  stem  of  L.  pavor, 
fear,  with  intensive  prefix  s  and  a  suffix  borrowed 
from  words  like  Ribaldo,  -aldo  being  properly  Ger- 
manic, corresponding  to  O.H.G.  wait,  power.  If 
this  derivation  is  correct  the  original  meaning  of  the 
word  was  "fearsome." 

Spavenio  (Spavano)  m. ;  (vet.)  spavin. 

Etym.  Cogtt.  old  Fr.  esparvin  (>  Fr.  (parviti), 
Span,  esparavtin,  which,  besides  the  meaning  of 
"spavin,"  has  that  of  "sparrow-hawk,"  pointing  to 
a  bit.  form  ** iptirvanns  (<O.H.G.  sparjve,  sparrow) 
parallel  to  mlt.  sparvarius  (<  O.H.G.  sparwAri, 
sparrow-hawk),  the  disease  having  the  effect  of 
making  a  horse  hop  like  a  sparrow,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Spavin.  For  sparwttri,  v.  Sparviere, 

H. 


Spa  vent-are  ind.  spavento;  toterrify. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atame'nte,  -aticcio  dim.  a 
little  frightened,  -at6re,  -atora,  -atrice, 
-eVole,  -evolezza,  -o  terror,  -osame'nte, 
-oso  i.q.  -evole,  -osita. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  espavetitar,  old  Fr. 
espaventer  (>  Fr.  fpouvanter),  Span,  espantar,  < 
bit.  ** expavcittare,  <  L.  ex,  pat'ens,  fearing,  v. 
Pudicamente. 

Spavimentare  ind.  spavime'nto;  to 
unpave. 

Spaziare ;  to  wander  freely. 

Spazieggiare  ind.  spazieggio;  (print.) 
to  space  out. 

Spazientirsi  ind.  mi  spazientisco;  to 
lose  patience. 

Spazi-0  m.  (L.  spat  turn,  root  spei,  to 
swell  out,  cp.  Sanskr.  sphay,  to  enlarge, 
L.  spes,  pro-sper,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Space, 
Speed);  i.  space.  2.  (print. )  =  Quad- 
rato  (6).  Aff.  -e^to  dim.,  -osamente, 
-osita,  -oso. 

Spazzacammlno  m.  ;  chimney- 
sweep. 

Spazzacampagne  m.  ;  blunderbuss. 

Spazzacoverta/ ;  (mar.)  a  studding- 
sail  added  below  the  lateen  foresail. 

Spazzaf6rno  m.  ;  =  Fruciandolo, 
oven-brush,  scovel. 

tSpazzandolo  m. ;  =  Spazzatoio. 
Spazzanuvole  f.  pi.;  (mar.)  sky-scrapers. 

Spazz-are  (It.  spazzo,  floor);  i.  to 
sweep.  2.  to  sweep  away.  Aff.  -amento, 
-ata,  -atfna  dim. 

Spazzatoio  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Spazzaforno. 
2.  =  Scovolo,  sponge. 

Spazz-at6re,  -atora ;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 
Spazzatura  /  ;  sweepings,  refuse. 
Spazzaturaio  m. ;  dustman. 
Spazzino  m. ;  sweeper. 

*  Spazzo  m.  (var.  of  Spazio,  cp.  Palazzo,  < 
palatiitm) ;  i.  ground,  D.  Inf.  14.  13.  ii.  region, 
D.  Purg.  23.  70. 

Spazzol-a/  (It.  spazzare);  i.  brush. 
2.  —  da  capelli,  hair-brush.  3.  —  di 
padule,  (a)  feather-brush  made  of  the 
feathery  heads  of  reeds,  (b)  (bot.)  marsh 
reed,  v.  Canna  (i,  d).  4.  asparagus- 
head.  Aff.  -are  to  brush,  -ata,  -atfna 
dim.  -vezz.  of  -ata,  -dtta  -fna  dims. 

Spazzolfno  m. ;  i.  —  da  denti,  tooth- 
brush. 2.  —  da  unghie,  nail-brush.  3. — 
di  penne,  feather-brush. 

Specchiaio  «. ;  looking-glass  maker. 

Specchi-arsi  ind.  mi  specchio;  i.  to 
look  at  oneself  in  the  glass.  2.  to  be 
reflected  (in  water).  3.  fig.  Specchiati 
qui,  look  here,  consider  this.  4.  —  in 
uno,  to  take  example  by  him.  5.  part. 
-ato,  flawless  (character).  Aff.  -amento 
reflection,  -atura. 

Specchiera/. ;  wall-mirror,  f  toilet- 
table. 

Specchi6tt-o  m. ;  i.  dim.  Specchio. 
2.  piece  of  coloured  glass  let  in  behind 
the  setting  of  a  precious  stone.  3.  list, 
table,  summary.  4.  —  caratteristico  o 


di  condotta,  certificate  of  good  conduct ; 
Levare  gli  -i,  to  obtain  a  certificate. 
5.  A  — ,  (horse)  dappled  with  white. 

Specchio  m.  (L.  speculum, < specie, 
to  see,  v.  Specie);  i.  mirror.  2.  face; 
—  della  valvola  di  distribuzione,  slide- 
valve  face ;  —  di  cilindro,  cylinder  face. 

3.  =  Persona  specchiata,  faultless  person. 

4.  =  Specchietto  (4).    5.  note,  list  of  use- 
ful things  or  names ;  —  estimativo,  =  Pre- 
ventive, estimate.   6.  (hist.)  at  Florence, 
list  of  persons  posted  for  non-payment 
of  taxes.    7.  (min.)  —  d'  asino,  i.q.  Scag- 
liuolo,    mica.     8.   (bot.)   —   di   Venere, 
Venus's  looking-glass,  Specularia  spe- 
culum,   also    termed    Fior    cappuccio 
scempio. 

Spece;  v.  Specie. 

Special-e,  -ista,  -ita,  -izzare,  -mente ; 
as  E. 

Specie,  Spece,//.  Specie,/;  i.  spe- 
cies. 2.  specie.  3.  (thcol.)  appearance, 
•viz.  of  the  sacraments,  these  being  un- 
changed when,  according  to  Catholic 
doctrine,  their  "substance"  has  been 
changed  upon  consecration.  4.  Fare 
— ,  to  amaze.  5.  in  — ,  or  —  as  adv., 
especially.  6.  in  pi.,  simples,  medical 
herbs  given  in  the  form  of  infusions  or 
decoctions. 

Etym.  L.  species,  <  specio,  to  see,  root  spek, 
to  see,  cp.  Sanskr.  pac,  spaf,  to  spy,  O.H.G.  sfiekdn 
(>  Germ,  spiihen),  to  spy,  A.S.  spahi,  smart,  clever ; 
also,  with  metathesis,  Gr.  root  ox«n--,  as  in  ox«'jrro/iai, 
to  look.  The  sense  of  specie  seems  adopted  from 
English,  where  it  was  "evolved  as  a  sb.  from  the 
old  word  species,  money  paid  by  tale,  prob.  by  con- 
fusion with  L.  abl.  specie,  as  if  paid  iti  specie,  —  paid 
in  visible  coin  "  (Skeat). 

Specffica/. ;  note,  detailed  bill. 

Specific-amente,  -amento;  v.  -are  (i). 

Specific-are  ind.  specffico ;  i.  to 
specify.  2.  —  le  parole,  to  pronounce 
one's  words  distinctly. 

Aff.  -ativo,  -azione,  -ita  specific  character,  -o. 

Specillo  m.  (L.,  a  dim.  form  <  root 
spek,  v.  Specie) ;  (surg.)  speculum. 

Speci6s-o;  as  E.  *i.  fair.  ii.  odd.  Ajff. 
-aincnte,  -ita. 

Spe-co,  pi.  -chi,  m. ;  cave. 

Etyrn^.  L.  specus,  <  root  spec,  to  see,  the  eye- 
socket  being  used  for  cavity  in  general.  For  the 
transition  in  meaning  cp.  Gr.  OTTTJ,  hole,  61/1,  eye, 
Irish  derc,  eye,  and  also  cavity,  from  the  same  root 
as  Gr.  Se'pKOficu,  to  see. 

Specola,  Specula  /  (L.  specula, 
watch-tower,  post  of  observation  ;  root 
spek,  v.  Specie) ;  lofty  spot  for  observing 
the  stars.  The  —  ximeniana  at  Florence 
is  now  an  anatomical  museum. 

Specolare;  v.  Speculare. 

Specolo,  Speculo  m.  (L.  speculum, 
root  spek,  v.  Specie);  (surg.)  speculum. 

*Specorare  ;  =  Piangere,  Belare. 

Specula  /  ;  v.  Specola. 

Specul-are  ind.  speculo  (L.,  root 
spek,  v.  Specie) ;  i.  to  observe,  v. 
Specola.  2.  to  speculate.  3.  as  adj. ; 
(tnin.)  Pietra  — ,  =  Scagliuola,  mica. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  -ativa  speculative 
faculty,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -attire,  -atdra,  -atrice, 
.azioncella  dim.,  -azione. 

Speculo;  v.  Specolo.    *=Spelonca. 
74 


586 


SPEDALE— SPERPERARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Sperare  ind.  spero  (A)  (L.  root  spei, 
to  swell,  v.  Spazio) ;  to  hope. 

'.;  poet,  for  Speranza,  hope.  •;.    to  fear.     Ji.  =  Aspettare.     iii.    to  inspire  with 


Spedal-e  m.  ;  pop.  for  Ospedale. 
Mandare  uno  allo  — ,  i.e.  to  beat  or 
wound  him  severely.  Aff.  -e^to  -ino 
dims. 

Spedaliere m. ;  i.  =  Spedalingo.  2. in 
//.  Knights  Hospitallers  of  Jerusalem. 
*  =  Ospite. 

Spedalingo  m. ;  hospital  superinten- 
dent. 

Spedal-f.no;  i.  adj.v.-e.  2.  as  sft., 
hospital  student. 

Spedalita  /  ;  hospital  treatment. 

Spedal-6ne  aufin.,  -uccio  dim.  sprcg.,  of -e. 

Spedant-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  drop 
pedantry. 

Sped-are  ind.  spedo;    I.  (mar.)  - 
1'  ancora,  to  trip  the  anchor.     2.   -arsi, 
to  get  footsore.     Aff.  -atnra. 

*  Spedicare  ;  to  free  from  hindrance. 

Spediente  m. ;  =  Espediente,  expe- 
dient. 

Sped-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  expedire,< 
ex,  pes)  ;  i.  to  settle,  complete  the 
arrangement  of.  2.  to  send.  3.  to  give 
up  (a  sick  person,  as  incurable).  4.  to 
make  up  (a  medical  prescription). 
5.  -irsi,  to  make  haste,  itsu.  in  part. 
-ito,  quick.  6.  -ito  as  adv.,  quickly  ; 
Parla  -ito,  he  is  a  fluent  speaker. 

Aff.  Spedit-amente,  -ezza,  -ivo,  -ore,  -rice. 
Spedizion-cella/;  dim.  -e. 

Spedizidne/;  i.  expedition.  2.  v. 
Spedire. 

Spedizioniere ;«. ;  i.  carrier.  2.  ship- 
per. 3.  forwarding  agent. 

*Spedone;  v.  Spiedone. 

Speglio  m.  ;  poet,  for  Specchio, 
mirror. 

Spegnare  ind.  spegno  ;  to  redeem 
from  pawn,  t  =  Spengere. 

Spegnere  ;  v.  Spengere. 

Spelacchi-are ;  i.  to  remove  most 
of  the  hair,  -ato:  2.  nearly  bald,  or, 
of  a  plant,  nearly  bare  of  leaves.  3.  fig. 
without  any  money. 

Spelacch-fto  ;  i.q.  -ato,  bald. 

Spelag-are  ind.  spelago  -hi ;  to  save 
out  of  the  sea. 

tSpelanato ;  worn  out. 

Spelarsi  ind.  mi  spdlo;  to  lose  its 
hair,  as  an  old  dog. 

Spelazz-are ;  to  sort  wool.  Aff.  -ata, 
-atura. 

«Spelda(Spclta)/;  =  Farro,  spelt. 
Speleo    m.    (L.,<Gr.    <ririj\aiov) ;  = 

Speco,  cave. 

Spell-are  ind.  spello ;  to  skin,  take 
the  skin  off.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Spellicci-are ;  to  worry,  lit.  to  tear 
off  skin.  Aff.  -ata,  -atura. 

Spellici6sa  /  ;  (hot.}  groundsel,  v. 
Erba  (19). 

Spelluzzicare  ;  =  Spilluzzicare,  to 
nibble. 

Spelonca  (Spelunca)  f.  (L.,  <  Gr. 
<r?rjjXvy£) ;  cave. 


'  Spelta  /.;  =  Spelda,  spelt. 
tSpeluzzare;  =  Spelacchiare. 


Spendaccidne ;  spendthrift. 

Spend-ere  perf.  spensi,  part,  speso 
(L.  expendere,  lit.  to  weigh  out,  v.  Pen- 
dere ;  hence,  to  pay)  ;  i.  to  spend. 
2.  intr.  to  go  to  market.  3.  to  make 
use  of,  e.g.  another  person's  name  or 
credit ;  —  la  firma  di  uno,  to  make  use 
of  his  signature  for  commercial  pur- 
poses, *=Considerare. 


dangle. 

Spenducchiare  ;  to  spend  in  little 
sums. 

Spene  f.  ;  poet,  for  Speranza,  hope. 

Spengere,  Spegnere  ind.  spen-go 
-gi,  perf.  spensi,  part,  spento;  i.  to 
extinguish.  2.  to  allay  (thirst).  3.  to 
mix  with  water  or  sprinkle  with  water  ; 
Cake  spenta,  slaked  lime  ;  —  la  pol- 
vere,  to  lay  the  dust  ;  Terra  spenta, 
sodden  ground.  4.  Part.  Spento, 
(a)  dead,  (b)  extremely  thin,  emaciated, 
(f)  Occhio  spento,  blind  eye. 

Etym.  "Strong,  so  called  irregular,  verbs  in 
Italian  are  almost  invariably  from  strong  verbs  in 
Latin  ;  the  origin  therefore  of  spegnere,  spensi, 
spento,  must  be  L.  cxpingen,  expinxi,  expictus, 
to  paint  out,  in  the  sense  of  painting  away,  can- 
celling. This  was  Muratori's  explanation,  nor  can 
any  other  be  right  "  (Diez).  Expingert  is  not  repre- 
sented in  any  other  language  than  Italian  ;  for  the 
root,  v.  Pingere. 

AJF.  Speng-ibile,  -ilumi  or  -imoccolo  or  -itoio 
extinguisher,  -ttorce  torch-extinguisher,  -itura. 

Spennacchi-are  ;  to  pluck  (a  fowl). 
-era  /,  or  -0  in.  ;  plume,  -e'tto  or  -no 
m.  ;  aim.  of  -o. 

Spennare  ind.  spenno  ;  to  pull  the 
feathers  out  of. 

Spcnnell-ata,  -atura/  ;  intens.  Pen- 
nellata,  heavy  stroke  with  a  paint-brush. 

Spennocchiay;; 


(zW.)  —  Scoppiatura. 
*  Spensar-e  ;  to  give.     *-ia/;  expense. 


E. 


Spenser,   Spenserre   m.  ;    the 
spencer,  a  short  over-jacket.  • 

Spensierat-o  ;  thoughtless.  Aff. 
-aggine,  -amente,  -ello  dim.,  -ezza. 

Spensier-ito  ;  =  -ato. 

t  Spenteggi-are    ind.    spenteggio  ;     to    shove. 
Aff.  -one. 

Spento  ;  part.  Spegnere. 

tSpentdne  ;«.;  =  Spintone,  shove. 

Spenzol-are  ind.  spenzolo  ;  intens. 
Penzolare,  to  dangle.  Aff.  -6ni  adv. 

Spepa,  Spe'pera/  (It.  pepe);  saucy 
girl. 

Spera/  (A)  ;  i.  poet,  for  Sfera,  esp. 
in  sense  of  sky.  2.  —  del  sole,  sun's 
disk.  3.  gleam  of  sunshine;  Dare  una 
—  di  sole  ai  panni,  to  put  the  clothes 
in  the  sun.  4.  small  round  mirror. 

*i.  reflection,  image,     ii.   transparency. 

(B)  ;  sckerz.  for  Speranza. 

(C);  (mar.)  (Germanic,  cp.  Dutch  sferren, 
Germ.  Sfarren,  E.  spar);  drag-sail,  any  object 
thrown  out  to  be  dragged  along  so  as  to  check  the 
way  of  the  vessel. 

Sper-abile  ;  possible  to  hope  for.  -anza  ^/; 
hope,  -anzina/;  dim.  or  iron,  of-anza.  -anztni 
m.  pi.  ',  iron,  those  who  hope  for  return  of  the  Pope 
to  temporal  power,  -anzoso  ;  hopeful. 


(B)  (It.  spera,  A);  to  examine  the  transparency, 
e.g.  of  an  egg,  by  holding  it  up  to  the  light. 

Sperata  /  ;  =  Finestrata,  gleam  of 
sunshine. 

Sperd-ere  perf.  spersi,  part,  sperso 
or  sperduto  (intens.  Perdere) ;  i.  to 
lose.  2.  to  nullify  ;  -a  il  cielo  questi 
tristi  auguri,  heaven  grant  that  these 
gloomy  fears  may  not  be  realised. 
3.  -ersi  la  creatura,  to  miscarry. 

Aff.  -imcnto  dispersion,  -itore,  -itora,  -itrice. 

*  Spereggiare  ;  to  shine. 

Sperdtta  /  ;  dim.  Spera  (A,  4) 
mirror. 

Sperfottia  /.;  bad  luck,  at  play. 

Sperga  /.;  (ornith.)  great  crested  grebe,  v. 
Svasso.  tsea-perch  (fish),  z>.  Sciarrano  (i)  and  (4). 

Sperge,  Sperges  ///. ;  pop.  for  Aspersorio. 

Spergere  ind.  sper-go  -gi,  per/,  spersi,  part. 
sperso  (L.  dispergere,  v.  Spargere);  =  Disperderc,  to 
ruin. 

*  i.  to  tlisperse.     ii.  to  sprinkle. 

Spergiur-are ;  i.  to  swear  falsely. 
2.  to  be  false  to  one's  oath.  3.  to  ab- 
jure (one's  faith). 

Aff.  -abile  false,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Spergiur-o  ind.  spergiuro  (L.  per- 
junis,  with  intensive  prefix  s- ;  <per, 
across,  jura,  pi.,  rightness,  v.  Giurare) ; 
i.  perjured.  2.  as  s6.,  perjurer.  3.  per- 
jury. Aff.  -one  augm. 

Spergola  /.  (mlt.  spergula,  origin  fret.  Teu- 
tonic, cf.  Germ.  Spergel,  spurrey);  (tot.)  i.  — 
de'  campi,  corn-spurrey,  v.  Erba  (113).  2.  — 
de1  giardmi,  lawn-spurrey,  Spergula  pilifera.  3.  — 
d*  India,  prince's  feathers,  v.  Coda  (19,  *). 

Spericolarsi ;  to  frighten  oneself  for 
nothing. 

Spericol-ato  ;  i.  excessively  timid, 
v.  -arsi.  2.  foolhardy,  heedless  of  danger, 
v.  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Spericol-o  »:. ;  silly  fear.  -6ne  w. ; 
timid  person. 

Sperienzayl;  pop.  for  Esperienza. 

Sperimental-e  ;  experimental.     Aff.  -tnente._ 

Speriment-are  ind.  sperimento ;  to  experi- 
ment, -ato,  tried.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o. 

Sperino  in.;  little  window  at  the  back  of  a 
carriage,  v.  Spera  (A). 

*  Sperleccarsi  ;  =  Azzimarsi,  to  smarten  oneself. 
Sperma  in.;  animal  seed,  semen. 
Spermacet-i  in. ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ico. 
Sperm-atico,  -atozdidi  ;«.  //.;  as  E. 
Spernere    (L.,     v.    Skeat,    sub    Spurn);     to 

despise. 

Spernuzzola/t;  (ornr'tn.)  great  tit,  v.  Cincia(i). 

*  Spero  /«.;  =  Spera,  mirror. 
Sper6na./;  angm.  Spera. 
Speronara ;  v.  Speroniera. 

Sperdne  m.  (var.  of  Sprone) ;  i .  (hot.) 
—  di  cavaliere  salvatico,  wild  larkspur, 
Delphinium  consolida,  also  termed,  Con- 
solida  regale,  Rigaligo,  Fiorcappuccio 
di  campo.  2.  the  spur  at  a  horse's  heel. 
3.  (mar.}  ram.  *  =  Sprone,  spur. 

Speronella/:;  (M.) goose-grass,  v.  Aparine. 

Speroniera,  Speronara  /  ;  (mar.)  a 
small  lateen-rigged  craft,  so  named  from 
her  pointed  bow. 

Sperper-are  ind.  sperpero;  to  ruin, 
devastate.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -\afreq. 
sb.,  -o  destruction. 

Etym.  From  an  old  Italian  adj.  perpero  with 
intensive  prefix  s-.  Perpero  is  given  by  Florio  as 
meaning  froward,  rude,  wrong-doing,  and  b  <  L. 


SPERPETUA— SPICCACE 


587 


>r  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Spettegolare    ind.    spettegolo ; 


ftrperus,  <jterf>era>n,  adv.,  falsely,  wrongly.  Per- 
fcram  is  </>«-,  thoroughly,  and  "feram,  corre- 
sponding to  Gr.  Trf'pav,  beyond,  so  that  the  original 
sense  is  that  of  far  overshooting  the  mark. 

Sperpfetua  f.  (corr.  of  lux  perpetua, 
the  first  words  of  one  of  the  psalms  for 
the  dead) ;  calamity. 

Sperpetu6n-e  in.,  -a/;  croaker. 
Sparse ;  part.  Spergere. 

tSpersonito;  =  Sparuto,  Misero. 
tSpertempare  ;  =  Bighellonare,  to  be  listless. 

Spertic-are  ind.  spertico  ;  I.  of  a 
tree,  to  grow  too  tall.  2.  -ato^.  ex- 
aggerated, overdone.  A/,  -ataniente. 

Spcrtire ;  to  train. 
Sperto  ;  pop.  for  Esperto. 
•Sperula/:;  dim.  Spera,  small  sphere. 

Sperverso  intens.  Perverse. 

Spes-a  / ;  i .  expense.  2.  Fare  la 
— ,  to  go  out  for  the  daily  supplies  ; 
Ritornar  dalla  — ,  to  come  home  from 
marketing  ;  Rubar  sulle  -e,  to  cheat 
one's  employer  over  the  marketing. 
3.  Buona,  Cattiva  — ,  good,  or  bad, 
bargain.  4.  —  viva,  expenses  of  start- 
ing a  business.  5.  Far  le  -e  ad  uno,  to 
maintain  him  ;  Far  buone  -e  ad  uno, 
to  maintain  him  handsomely.  6.  La- 
vorare  per  le  -e,  to  work  for  no  more 
than  makes  a  bare  subsistence.  7.  Non 
porta  — ,  it  is  not  worth  while.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Spes-are  ind.  spdso ;  to  pay  the  keep 
of.  Opra  -ata,  workman  whose  keep  is 
provided. 

Spes-arella  or  -erella  dim.,  -erellina  dim. 
iron.,  -4tta  dim.,  -icci61a  dims.,  -ina  dim.  vezz. 
or  iron.,  -6na  augm.,  of  -a. 

Sp£so ;  part.  Spendere. 
Spess-amdnte ;  adv.  of  -o. 

Spesseggi-are  ind.  spesse"ggio;  I.  to 
happen  often.  2.  tr.  —  le  visile,  to 
make  frequent  visits.  Aff.  -amento. 

Spesse'zza/;  i.  density.  2.  thick- 
ness. 

Spe'sso  (cogn.  Proveng.  espes,  Span. 
espeso,  old  Fr.  espeis>¥r.  fyais,<L. 
spissus,  thick) ;  i.  dense.  2.  thick  (rind). 
3.  frequent.  4.  as  adv.,  often. 

Spessdre  m. ;  thickness.  *As  adv., 
often. 

Spesucolay:;  dim.  s/>reg.  Spesa. 

Spetezz-are  imi.  spetezzo;  i.  to  keep  breaking 
wind.  2.  fig.  to  tell  tales,  repeat  what  one  has 
heard.  Aff.  -amento. 

Spetbn-ewi.,  -*/.;  v.  Spetezzare. 

Spetrare,  Spietrare  ind.  spetro, 
spietro;  to  soften,  lit.  take  away  the 
stoniness  of. 

Spettabil-e ;  respected.     Aff.  -ita. 

Spettacol-o  m.;  spectacle.  Aff.  -accio  ptgg. , 
-one  augm.,  -tfso  spectacular,  -uccio  dim.  sfreg. 

Spettanza  /;  i.  concern;  Essere 
di  sua — ,  to  be  his  business.  2.  (hist.) 
a  magistrate's  title. 

Spettare  ind.  spetto  (L.  spectare, 
freq.  of  specere,  to  see,  v.  Specie);  I.  to 
belong  to,  to  concern.  2.  pop.  for 
Aspettare,  to  wait. 

Spett-at6re  m.,  -atrice/;  spectator. 


....      to 

gossip. 

*  Spettevole  ;=  Ragguardevole,  respectable. 

Spettinarsi  ind.  mi  spettino ;  to 
take  down  one's  hair,  lit.  remove  the 
comb. 

Spcttor-acciarsi  (-arsi,  -ezzarsi);  to  uncover 
one  s  chest. 

Spettorizzare ;  to  expectorate. 

Sp6ttr-o  111.  (L.  v.  Specie);  i.  spectre. 
2.  spectrum.  3.  a  species  of  vampire 
bat.  4.  a  species  of  mantis.  Aff.  -ale. 

Spettrdmetr-o  m.;  as  E.  It  is  an  instrument 
for  measuring  the  angular  deviation  of  a  ray  of  light 
in  passing  through  a  prism.  Aff.  -ia,  -ico 

Spettrosc6p-io  m. ;  as  E.  Aff.  -fa,  -icam^nte, 
-ico. 

Spezial-e  ;«.,  -a/;  druggist.  Cose 
che  non  le  tengono  li  -i,  things  not  kept 
by  chemists,  e.g.  good  reputation.  Aff. 
-ino  dim. 

Sp6zie  /  //.  (var.  of  Specie,  species 
having  been  used  in  mlt.  to  mean 
"  spice  ") ;  spices. 

Spezierfa  f. ;  chemist's  shop. 

Spezz-are  ind.  spezzo;  i.  to  break 
into  pieces.  2.  —  una  moneta,  to  give 
small  change  for  it.  3.  Opera  -ata,  in- 
complete book. 

Aff.  -abile  fragile,  -ame'nto,  -atamente,  -atino 
hash  with  tomato  sauce,  -atore  one  who  cuts  UD  a 
carcase. 

Spezzatura  / ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Spezzare. 
2.  odd  volume. 

Spezzettare  ind.  spezzdtto;  to  cut 
up  small. 

Spia/  (O.H.G.  speha,  exploration, 
•  vbsb.  of  spehdn,  to  spy  out,  root  spek, 
v.  Specie);  i.  spy.  2.  Aver  —  d'  una 
cosa,  to  have  an  inkling  of  it.  3.  small 
hole  near  the  top  of  a  cask  to  show 
when  it  is  full.  4.  peep-hole  in  a  door. 
5.  (mar.)  mark  showing  where  an  article 
was  made,  esp.  certain  black  fibres  in- 
troduced into  a  white  rope  or  vice  versd, 
"rogue's  yarn."  Aff.  Spiaccia /«£#•. 

Spiaccicaragni m.  indecl. ;  i.  person 
who  walks  with  difficulty,  lit.  spider- 
crusher.  2.  unskilful  house-painter. 
3.  house-painter's  brush. 

Spiaccic-are  (prob.  for  s-piatt-icare, 
<  piatto,  flat) ;  to  crush.  Aff.  -hfo. 

8piac6re  ind.  spiaccio, perf.  spiacqui, 
parts,  spiacente,  spiaciuto,  v.  Piacere  ; 
to  displease. 

Aff.  Spiacevol-e,  -e"zza,  -me'nte. 

Spiaggetta  /  ;  i.  narrow  shore. 
2.  writing-desk. 

Spiaggia  / ;  sea-shore,  beach,  v. 
Piaggia(i). 

Spiaggidne  m. ;  wide  shore. 
Spiaggidso ;  with  a  long  coast-line. 

Spiaggiu61a  /  ;  short  stretch  of 
shore. 

Spiam6nto  ;//. ;  spying. 
tSpiana/;=Pialla,  plane. 

Spian-are  ;  i.  to  level.  2.  to  smooth 
out,  to  spread  out  smooth  or  level. 
3.  fig.  to  elucidate  (an  author's  mean- 
ing). 4.  to  roll  out  (pastry).  5.  —  il 


pane,  to  make  bread  for  sale,  lit.  spread 
it  out,  cp.  Spiano  (3).  6.  to  eat  heartily; 
Questi  ragazzi  -ano,  these  boys  eat 
a  great  deal.  7.  to  raze  to  the  ground. 
8-  —  le  costure,  of  a  tailor,  to  beat 
down  the  seams  of  a  coat ;  hence  Jig. 
to  beat  a  person.  9.  of  a  road,  intr.  to 
be  level.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Spian-ata/  ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  flat 
space.  3.  esplanade  of  a  fortress.  4. 
(arch.)  in  pi.,  the  successive  courses  of 
bricks  in  building  a  wall,  each  of  which 
has  to  be  truly  level. 

Spiaaato  m. ;  i.q.  Spianata  (2). 

Spianatdia  / ;  rolling-board  for 
pastry. 

Spianatdio  m. ;  i.  any  instrument 
for  levelling.  2.  rolling-pin ;  the  Tuscan 
term  is  Matterello.  3.  builder's  smooth- 
ing-board. 

Spian-at6re,  -atura;  v6sfa.  of -are. 

Spiano  m. ;  i.  =  Spianata  (2).  2.  A 
tutto  — ,  to  any  amount  ;  Lavora  a 
tutto  — ,  he  never  stops  working ;  Porta 
i  ciondoli  a  tutto  — ,  he  wears  any 
amount  of  decorations  ;  Beve  zozza  a 
tutto  — ,  he  drinks  any  amount  of 
liquor.  3.  (hist.)  the  flour  supplied  by 
the  official  board,  Abbondanza,  at 
Florence,  which  bakers  had  to  buy  at 
a  fixed  price ;  L'  Abbondanza  da  tutto 
— ,  the  board  is  supplying  bakers  with 
all  the  flour  they  use  ;  this  was  the 
origin  of  the  phrase  A  tutto  — ,  which 
is  still  current.  Similarly  L'  Abbon- 
danza da  a  mezzo  — ,  when  bakers  were 
left  to  buy  half  their  supplies  where  they 
could. 

*  i.  Dare  —  ad  uno,  =  Mangiare  alle  sue  spalle. 
li.  Far  lo  — ,  =  Consumare,  Rifinire.  iii.  as  adj., 
=  Compiuto,  Pieno. 

Spiant-are  ;  i.  =  Sbarbare,  to  root 
up.  2.  fig.  to  ruin,  to  destroy.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Spiantatdre  m.  \  i.  destroyer,  up- 
rooter.  2.  gardener's  trowel. 

Spianto  m. ;  destruction,  ruining. 

Spianuccio  ;//.;  tool  of  any  pattern  for  levelling 
Spi-are  (O.H.G.  sfekdn,  v.  Spia);   L   to  spy 

out.     2.  to  spy  upon ;  Siamo  -ati,  we  are  watched. 

Aff.  -atore,  -atrice. 

Spiattell-are  ind.  spiattello;  i.  to 
display,  lit.  to  spread  out  flat  like  a 
plate,  Piattello;  Gli  -6  il  quaderno  da- 
vanti,  he  flourished  the  papers  in  his 
face;  Te  gli  -6  la  ricevuta  e  quello  si 
dovette  chetare,  he  just  exhibited  the 
receipt  and  the  other  man  had  nothing 
to  say.  2.  fig.  to  say  out  plainly.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atame'nte. 

Spiazza  f. ;  clear  space. 

Spiazzare  ;  to  have  a  bald  patch, 
v.  Piazza  (5). 

Spiazzat-a/. ;  i.  bald  patch.  2.  bare 
patch,  e.g.  in  a  field  of  corn.  Aff.  -ella 
dim. 

•Spiazzo  m. ;  =  .Spazio,  space,  extension. 
tSpiazzone  m. ;  =  Sculaccione,  spank. 

Spicay".  (L.,  v.  Spiga) ;  rough  end  of  a  sword- 
blade  fixed  into  the  handle.  ' 


e;  =  Spicco(a). 


=  Spiga,  ear  of  corn. 

74—2 


588 


SPICCARE— SPIGOLO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


Spice-are  (A)  (formed  from  Appic- 
care  by  change  of  prefix);  i.  to  detach 
by  a  sharp  movement,  to  pluck  off. 
2.  —  le  sillabe,  to  articulate  distinctly ; 
—  un  significato,  to  bring  out  a  mean- 
ing clearly  ;  —  un  salto,  to  make  a 
sudden  jump.  3.  intr.  to  emerge  dis- 
tinctly, come  out  prominently.  4..  —  il 
bollore,  of  a  pot,  to  begin  boiling. 

*(B)  (formed  in  contrast  to  Impiccare);   to  save 
from  the  gallows. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atamente. 

Spicchi-are ;  to  divide,  e.g.  an  orange, 
into  its  natural  segments,  -v.  -o. 

Spicchierone  w.  ;  (0r«/M.)=:Strillozzo,  corn- 
bunting. 

Spfcchi-o  m. ;  I.  one  of  the  segments 
of  a  bulb  or  of  a  fruit,  such  as  an  orange, 
which  has  natural  divisions.  2.  by  ex- 
tension, a  similar  slice  cut  out  of  other 
fruits,  e.g.  a  quarter  of  a  pear.  3.  (butch.) 

—  di  petto,  brisket  of  a  carcase,  or  meat 
from  the  brisket.   4.  —  di  croce,  arm  of 
the  cross  of  an  Order;  Levare,  Perdere, 
Rimettere   uno  —   di    croce,   iron,   of 
things  which  a  person  regards  as  affect- 
ing his  dignity;   Che  v"  ha  levato  uno 

—  di  croce  a  chiedervi  la  vostra  fig- 
liuola?  do  you  think  he  has  insulted  you 
in   asking  for  your  daughter's  hand? 
Par  che   gli   abbian    preso   uno  —  di 
croce,  of  one   who   shows   resentment 
about  a  mere  trifle.     5.  segment,  gene- 
rally ;    Palle   a   spicchi  colorati,  parti- 
coloured balls ;  Andare  a  vedere  il  sole 
a  spicchi,  to  go  to  prison,  lit.  see  the 
light   of   the   sun    in    segments.     Aff. 
-ettino,  -etto  dims. 

Etym.  L.  s/iicjtlum,  dim.  of  sfica,  point,  :\\^-> 
ear  of  corn  and  head  or  top  of  certain  other  plants. 
Spica  allii  occurs  in  Columella.  Spiculvm  in  Latin 
only  occurs  as  meaning  sharp  point  or  certain  sharp- 
pointed  objects,  so  that  to  account  for  the  meaning 
of  Spicchio  one  must  suppose  that  spica  in  the  sense 
of  onion-head  furnished  a  dim.  **sf>iculum  in  folk- 
Latin  in  the  sense  of  bulb,  which  in  Italian  was 
developed,  possibly  under  the  influence  of  Spiccare, 
into  that  of  segment  of  a  bulb  and  "pig"  of  an  orange. 
*Spicchiuto  ;  divided  into  natural  segments. 

Spiccial&tti  in. ;  ignorant  doctor. 

Spicci-are  (A)  (an  aphaeresis  of 
Dispicciare,  which  is  either  <  Impic- 
ciare  by  change  of  prefix  or  < 
bit.  ** dispactiare,  v.  Impacciare);  i. 
to  attend  to  the  requirements  of  a 
customer;  La  mi  spicci  che  ho  furia, 
I  shall  be  glad  if  you  will  attend  to  me 
as  I  am  in  a  hurry  ;  Aspetti  un  mo- 
mento  e  la  spiccio,  one  moment,  please, 
and  I  will  attend  to  you.  2.  -arsi,  to 
make  haste.  3.  of  cloth,  to  fray  out. 

(B)  (It.  pisciare,  with  intensive 
prefix  s-;  for  sci>cci,  cp.  Accetta< 
Ascetta,  Scartafaccio<Scartafascio);  to 
spirt  out. 

*to  dart  away,  as  a  frog  when  frightened,  D.  Inf. 
22.  33. 

*(C)  (for  Spiccicare) ;  to  detach. 

Spicciativo;  quick.  Essereun  mezzo 
— ,  to  be  a  quick  way  of  doing  a 'thing. 

*  Spicciato  in.  •  =  Riparo,  barricade,  fence. 

Spiccic-are  (either/r^.  of  Spicciare 
or  directly  <  Appiccicare  by  change  of 
prefix);  i.  to  detach.  2.  to  separate 
people  who  are  too  near  together;  Ora 


vengo  costa  e  vi  -o  con  un  bastone,  I 
am  coming  your  way  directly  to  sepa- 
rate you  with  a  stick.  3.  Non  —  parole, 
to  speak  with  hesitation,  whether  from 
a  stammer  or  from  not  knowing  what 
to  say.  4.  -arsi,  to  hurry  oneself;  Non 
si  -a  mai  nel  far  le  cose,  he  never 
hurries  himself  about  anything. 

Spiccio;  i.  quick.     2.  disengaged. 

Spicciolame  m.  ;  small  change 
(money). 

Spicciolare  (A)  ind.  spicciolo  (It. 
spicciolo);  i.  to  change  into  smaller 
money.  2.  to  deprive  (a  person)  of  all 
his  small  change. 

(B)  ind.  spicciolo  (It.  picciolo,  stalk, 
with  privative  prefix  s-);  to  pick  grapes 
off  a  bunch  or  pick  off  the  petals  of  a 
flower. 

Spicciolata  f. ;  Alia  — ,  or  Spiccio- 
latam^nte,  one  by  one,  or  a  few  at  a 
time. 

Spicciol-atura  f.\  vbsb.  of -are. 

Spicciolo  (Spiccioro)  (It.  picciolo, 
with  intensive  prefix  s-)  ;  i.  small 
(money),  or  in  //.  as  sit.  coppers. 
2.  little.  3.  Soldato  — ,  private  soldier; 
Prete  — ,  simple  priest.  4.  prov.  Averne 
pochi  degli  spiccioli  e  meno  da  spiccio- 
lare,  to  come  to  the  point  at  once, 
without  compliments. 

Spicco  in.;  i.  Fare  — ,  to  be  pro- 
minent. 2.  — ,  or  Spiccace,  as  adj.  of 
stone-fruit,  with  the  pulp  readily  coming 
away  from  the  stone.  *=In  rilievo. 

Spicifdrme ;  shaped  like  an  ear  of 
corn. 

•Spicilegio  m.  (L.,<  spica,  legere,  to 
gather) ;  anthology  (lit.  gleanings). 

Spicin-are  ind.  spicino  (prob.  <  a 
dial.  var.  of  It.  piccino,  with  intensive 
prefix  s-);  i.  to  cut  to  pieces.  2.  fig. 
to  eat  right  up,  to  the  last  crumb.  Aff. 
-iofreq.  si. 

*Spico  ;  v.  Spigo. 

*  Spida  f. ;  leaving  off  p_lay. 
Spidocchiare  ind.  spidocchio  ;  to  remove  lice. 

Spi6d-e  or  pop.  -o  m.  (cogn.  bit. 
spedus,  old  Fr.  espiet,  >  Fr.  Jpieu  ;  of 
Germanic  origin,  cp.  A.S.  spitu,  Germ. 
Spiess,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Spit) ;  i.  pike, 
boar-spear.  2.  (cook.)  spit. 

Aff.  -etto  or  -mo  dims.,  -one  augm. 
Spiegabile  ;  explicable. 

*  Spiegacciare  ;  to  spoil,  to  blot. 

Spieg-are  ind.  spiego  -hi  ;  i.  to 
spread  out,  lit.  to  unfold.  2.  to  ex- 
plain. 3.  A  voce  -ata,  in  a  clear  voice. 
*-arsi,  to  free  oneself,  D.  Inf.  13.  90, 
Purg.  1 6.  54.  Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice, 
-atura,  -azi6ne. 

Spiegazzare  (freq.  and  pegg.  of 
Spiegare) ;  to  crumple  in  opening,  as 
a  newspaper. 

Spieggiare  ind.  spieggio;  freq.  of 
Spiare,  to  go  spying. 

Spieghe'vole ;  possible  to  unfold. 

Spiemontizzare ;  to  remove  traces  of  Pied- 
montese  dialect  or  habits. 


Spietat-o ;  i.  pitiless.  2.  (fam.) 
"awful";  Grasso  e  grosso  — ,  awfully 
fat  and  big;  Una  corte  -a,  most  per- 
sistent attentions.  Ajf.  -amente. 

Spietrare;  v.  Spetrare. 

Spiffer-are  ind.  spiffero;  i.  to  be 
producing  a  draught,  lit.  to  be  playing 
on  a  pipe ;  -a  un  vento  da  tutti  gli  usci 
che  innamora,  there  is  a  most  terrible 
draught  from  all  these  doors.  2.  to 
repeat,  rattle  off  what  one  has  heard. 
3.  to  improvise  at  a  moment's  notice. 

Spifferata  f. ;  playing  on  a  pipe. 
Spiffero  m. ;  draught  of  air. 
Spiffer6n-e  »/.,  -a/  ;  tattler,  babbler. 

Spiga/;  (L.  spica,  root  spi,  pointed, 
from  which  a  variety  of  secondary  roots 
seem  to  have  been  developed,  cp.  L. 
spina,  thorn,  O.H.G.  spiz,  pointed,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Spike  (i)  and  (2),  Spire, 
Spile  and  Spine) ;  i.  ear  of  corn. 
2.  Fatto  a  — ,  lying  alternately  like  the 
grains  in  an  ear  of  corn.  3.  Mattonato 
a  — ,  herring-boned  brick  wall  or  pave- 
ment. 4.  (w/.)  =  Remolino  (3).  5.  (hot.) 
-  del  diavolo,  wall  barley,  v.  Orzo 
(6).  6.  (mar.)  —  del  vento,  wind's  eye. 

Spigaceltica  f.;  (<W.)  Valeriana  celtica,  v. 
Nardo  (5). 

Spigame  in. ;  a  quantity  of  ears. 
*  Spiganard-i,  -o  m.;  spikenard,  v.  Nardo  (i). 

Spig-are  or  -hire  ind.  -o  or  -hisco  ; 
i.  to  form  ears,  v.  Spiga.  2.  of  lettuce 
and  other  salad  plants,  to  form  the 
head.  3.  of  a  vine,  to  form  too  much 
leaf. 

Spig-arella/;  dim.  of -a.  -atura/;  vts/>. 
of  -are. 

Spig-h6tta,  -hina  ;  dims,  of -a. 

Spigion-arsi  ind.  mi  spigi6no ;  to 
become  unlet.  Ha  il  primo  piano  -ato, 
he  is  stupid,  lit.  has  his  upper  story 
untenanted. 

Spigliat-0 ;  easy  (style),  practised 
(writer),  (person)  of  accomplished  be- 
haviour, gracious,  self-possessed.  Aff. 
-ame"nte,  -dzza. 

Spigo  (Spico)  m.  (L.  spicum,  point, 
a  variant  of  spica,  v.  Spiga) ;  (hot.)  i.  — 
domestico,  lavender,  either  Lavandula 
vera,  or  Lavandula  spica,  also  termed 
Lavanda  or  Lavandula  in  Italian.  2.  — 
de'  ragni,  or  —  tondo,  Yorkshire  fog- 
grass,  v.  Sagginella. 

Spigol-are  (It.  spiga);  to  glean,  //'/. 
or fig- 

Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Spigole'tto  ;  =  Scudiscio,  puny,  but 
brisk. 

Spigolina  f. ;  (hot.)  brome-grass,  v.  Forasacco. 

Spigolistro  adj.  or  sb. ;  i.  hypocrite, 
Hi.  one  who  supplies  candles  for  altars, 
v.  *Spigolo  (i).  2.  pedant.  3.  pop.  for 
Bracone. 

Spigol-0  »/. ;  i.  sharp  corner,  e.g.  of 
a  house  or  door.  At  D.  Purg.  9.  134, 
Gli  -i,  means  in  effect,  the  doors,  lit. 
the  corners  of  the  doors.  2.  the  line  of 
earth  thrown  up  at  the  first  ploughing, 


SPIGOLONE— SPIOVIMENTO 


589 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

the  precursor  of  the  piano,  originally  played  by 
twitching  the  strings  with  sharpened  crmv-quills. 
*  twilled  silk.  Aff.  -aio  spinet-maker,  -ina  dim. 

Spingard-ay:  (cogn.  mlt.  spingardus,  spring- 
aldus,  <  O. H.G.  springan,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Spring; 
the  E.  springald  is  cognate,  though  it  has  a  different 
meaning)  ;  a  kind  of  military  catapult ;  also  after  the 
invention  of  gunpowder,  a  short  kind  of  gun  ;  now,  a 
swivel  gun.  AJf.  -ella,  -etta  dims. 
*  Spingare  ;  to  kick  the  feet  about. 

Splngere  ind.  spin-go  -gi,  perf.  -si, 
part,  -to  (bit.  **expingere,  <  L.  ex, 
thoroughly,  pangere,  to  drive  in  tight, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Impinge)  ;  I.  to  push. 
2.  Jig.  to  induce. 

Aff.  Sping-ime'nto,  -itore,  -itrice. 
Spiniteyl;  (med.)  spinal  meningitis. 

Spin-0 m.  (var. of  Spina, q.v.) ;  (bot.)  i . 

—  bianco,  hawthorn,  v.  Biancospino.   2. 

—  cervino,  (a)  dyers'  yellow  buckthorn, 
Rhamnus  infectorius,  also  termed  Spin 
merlo  de'  tintori,  Albero   da  grana  di 
Avignone,   (6)   —   cervino   medicinale, 
common  buckthorn,  Rhamnus  cathar- 
ticus,  also  termed  Spin  quercino,  Ranno, 
Ranno   catartico.      3.    —   rampichino, 
rough  climbing  bindweed,  v.  Smilace. 
4.    -  -   santo,  or  Spina  santa,  Christ's 
thorn,  Paliurus  acitleatus,  also  termed 
Spina  giudaica,  Spina  marruca,  Giug- 
giolo   salvatico,   Spino  gatto.     5.   Spin 
cervino    minore,    alder    buckthorn,    v. 
Frangola.      6.    Pero   — ,   a   variety  of 
pear-tree.     7.  -i  d'  asino,  or  di  S.  Fran- 
cesco, field  eryngo,  v.  Bocca  (3,  a). 

tSpinola/!;  bass  (fish),  v.  Labrace. 

Spin6ne  m. ;  i.  fine  twilled  cloth, 
v.  Spina  (9).  2.  a  Piedmontese  breed 
of  spaniel,  also  known  as  Restone, 
Cravino,  Restoso. 

Spinos-etto  dim.,  -ita ;  v.  -o. 
Spin6so  ;  i.  thorny.     2.  as  sb. ,  hedgehog. 
tSpinota./;  i.q.  Spinola. 

Spint-a/  (It.  spingere) ;  push.  Fare 
alle  -e,  to  push  oneself  forward.  Aff. 
-arella  dim. 

Spinte ;  O  —  o  sponte,  by  hook  or 
by  crook,  Hi.  by  force  or  by  consent. 

Spintone  m. ;  augm.  Spinta. 

tSpinula/;  bass  (fish),  v.  Labrace. 

Spinzago  d'  acqua  m.\  (0r«iYA.)~Avocetta, 
avocet. 

Spiombare  ind.  spidmbo;  i.  to  re- 
move the  lead,  e.g.  from  a  window- 
frame.  2.  to  fall  like  lead.  3.  to 
weigh  very  heavy. 

Spiombinare  ind.  spiombi'no;  i.  to 
plumb  the  depth  of.  2.  to  clear  (a 
vertical  drain-pipe)  with  a  plummet. 

Spion-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -aggio 
m. ;  espionage,  -are ;  to  play  the  spy. 
-e  m.,  or  -&/.,  augm.  Spia. 


down  the  middle  of  which  the  plough 
goes  at  the  second  ploughing  which 
forms  the  furrow,  Solco,  and  the  ridge, 
Porca.  3.  (boofcb.)  the  edge  of  the  back 
of  a  book. 

*i.  a  toothed  iron  strap  round  an  altar  to  which 
candles  used  to  be  fixed,     t  ii-  =  Spigo,  lavender. 

Spigolone  m. ;  ridge-tile  for  a  roof, 
cp.  Conversa  (2). 

Spig6na/;  augm.  Spiga. 

Spigdne  m.  ;  (mar.)  pole,  i.e.  the 
highest  part  of  a  mast,  where  it  tapers 
to  a  point. 

Spigdso  adj. ;  v,  Spiga. 

Spigr-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  brisk  up, 
make  less  lazy. 

Spilla/  (var.  of  Spillo) ;  pin,  e.g.  of 
a  necktie. 

Spillabuco  m. ;  (bot.)  cinquefoil,  v. 
Cinquefoglia. 

Spillaccherare  ind.  spillacchero ;  to 
brush  the  mud  off. 

Spillai-0  m.,  -a  /  ;  seller  of  pins. 

Spillancola  /  ;  black-tail,  a  species 
of  small  perch,  Acerina  cernua. 

Spillare  (It.  spillo) ;  i.  to  tap  (a 
cask).  2.  fig.  to  extract  (information) 
from.  3.  intr.  to  discharge  liquid. 

Spillatico  ;«. ;  pin-money. 

Spill-atura/;  vbsb.  of  -are.  -etta/;  (mil.) 
needle  for  clearing  a  vent,  -ettino  sttb-dim.,  -etto 
dim.,  of  -o. 

Spillettone  m. ;  (liot.)  thrift,  Armeria  vul- 
garis,  also  termed  Spillone  di  dama,  Spilli,  Stalice 
de'  giardini. 

Spillino  in.;  dim.  Spillo. 

Spill-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  tpingle,  < 
**spinulum,  var.  of  L.  spinula,  dim. 
of  spina,  prickle,  v.  Spiga) ;  I.  pin. 

2.  bradawl  for  tapping  a  cask,  or  3.  the 
hole    made   therewith.      4.    thin  jet   of 
liquid.     5.    pig-sticking  knife,   slabber. 
6.  custom-house  officer's  probe.    7.  (bot.) 
in  //.,  (a)  thrift,  v.   Spillettone,  (b)  -i 
d'   oro,   goldylocks,    Chrysocoma    lino- 
syris. 

Spillon-cetto  or  -cino  m. ;  dim.  of -e. 
Spillon-cidne  m.\  augm.  of  -e  ;  in  //.,  paste 
for  soup. 

Spill-6ne  m.;  i.  augm.  of  -o,  hat- 
pin or  breast-pin.  2.  in  pi.,  a  form  of 
paste  for  soup.  3.  (bot.)  —  di  dama, 
thrift,  v.  Spillettone.  *large  jet  of 
water. 

tSpillonzorayi;  merry  young  girl. 
Spill-uccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  of -o. 

Spilluzzic-are  ind.  spilliizzico  -hi, 
Spelluzzicare,  or  Spiluzzicare ;  i.  to 
take  a  very  small  piece.  2.  to  make 
a  very  small  profit  on  a  transaction. 

3.  prov.   Chi   -a  non  digiuna,  i.e.  the 
smallest  infraction  of  law  must  be  held 
to  count.     Aff.  -am^nto,  -hi'no  taker  of 
small  morsels. 

Etym.  dub.  frob.  <  Peluzzo,  dim.  of  Pelo, 
hair,  in  sense  of  a  mere  nothing,  but  other  words, 
such  as  Piluccare,  Spillo,  Petle,  may  have  influenced 
the  form  of  it. 

Spilluzzico ;  A  — ,  a  little  at  a  time. 

t Spil6nca /;=Spelonca,  cave. 
Spilorcena/. ;  niggardliness. 


Spilorcia  f.\  long  line  with  cork  floats  for 
pulling  a  fishing-net  to  the  shore. 

Spil6rci-0  (etym.  unkn.  ;  probably 
derived  in  some  way  <  L.  pilus,  hair ;  v. 
Pilorcio);  sordid  miser.  -4^-ame'nte. 

Spilucc-are ;  intens.  Piluccare,  to 
pick  off.  *of  a  cat  or  dog,  -arsi,  to 
lick  itself. 

Spilung6n-e  (Sbilungone)  (prob.  a 
metathesis  of  Bis-lungone,  v.  Bis-) ; 
very  tall  and  thin.  Aff.  -accio  pegg. 

Spiluzzicare;  v.  Spilluzzicare. 

Spin  ;  short  for  Spina  or  Spino. 

Spina  /  (L.,  root  spi,  sharp,  v. 
Spiga) ;  i.  thorn,  prickle.  2.  thorn- 
bush,  v.  Spino  (i)  to  (5).  3.  backbone, 
spine.  4.  bung-hole  at  the  bottom  of 
a  cask,  formerly  the  cannula  fitting  the 
hole,  v.  infra  (i).  5.  plug.  6.  pin  of 
a  lock  fitting  the  barrel  of  the  key. 
7.  punch,  used  by  coopers  for  hammer- 
ing home  the  hoops  of  a  cask.  8.  man- 
drel of  a  lathe.  9.  rib  of  twilled  cloth  ; 
A  — ,  twilled.  10.  A  spin  di  pesce, 
jagged,  ii.  (bot.)  (a)  —  de'  ranocchi, 
water-nymph,  v.  Ninfa  (3).  (6)  Uva 
— ,  gooseberry,  v.  Uva  (2).  (c)  - 
alba,  star-thistle,  v.  Calcatreppa  (2). 

*i.  —  fecciaia,  cannula  for  drawing  off  dregs. 
ii.  =  Lisca,  small  fish-bone,  iii.  =  Spiga,  ear  of  corn, 
iv.  =  Pungiglione,  sting,  v.  cleverness,  tvi.  (war.) 
in  //. ,  =  Bracciolij  spurs  of  the  bitts. 

Spinac-e,  -10  m. ;  (bot.)  i.  spinach,  Spiiiacia 
olearia.  2.  —  fragifero,  strawberry  blite,  Rlitum 
capitatvm.  3.  —  salvatico,  (a)  good-king-Henry, 
v.  Colabrina,  (b)  red  wall-goosefoot,  Cticnopodium 
murale,  also  termed  Piede  anserino,  (c)  green  goose- 
foot,  Ckfjwpodium  viride,  also  termed  Farinaccio 
molle.  4.  —  della  Nova  Zelanda,  New  Zealand 
spinachj  Tetragona  expatisa. 

Spinacione  m.\  (bot.)  garden  orache,  v.  Bieto- 
lone  (2). 

Spin-aio  w.;=Spineto.     -ale;  as  E. 

Spinapt&ce ;  Mattonato  a  — ,  pave- 
ment of  criss-cross  bricks.  Camminare 
a  — ,  to  go  zigzag. 

Spin-are;  i.  to  take  the  kernels  out 
of  a  pine-cone.  2.  to  tap  (a  cask). 
3.  (herald.)  -ato,  engrailed.  *to  pierce. 

Spinar-ello  m. ;  stickleback,  v.  Gasterosteo. 
-dlo ;  v.  Spinerolo. 

Spincionare  ind.  spinci6no  ;  of 
finches,  to  chirrup. 

Spincidne,  Pincione  m. ;  (ornith.) 
finch,  v.  Fringuello.  t  =  Zimbello. 

Etym.  Of  imitative  origin,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Finch,  The  primitive  form  had  the  initial  s,  as 
in  Or.  tririyvot,  K.  spink,  which  is  dropped  in  the 
Germanic  forms,  so  that  possibly  the  1  talian  Spincione 
is  of  Greek  origin,  whilst  Pincione  is  Germanic. 

SpinellayC;  (zvA)curb,  spavin. 

Spinello  m.  (mlt.  spinellus,  dim.  of 
L.  spina);  i.  spinel,  a  mineral  resem- 
bling a  ruby,  so  called  from  the  octa- 
hedral form  in  which  it  is  crystallised. 
2.  wooden  key  for  closing  bottles  or 
screwing  up  the  strings,  t.g.  of  a  violin, 
named  from  its  resemblance  to  the 
"spine"  of  a  dorsal  vertebra.  3.  stickle- 
back, v.  Spinarello. 

Spinerolo,  Spinar61o>«.;  —  imperiale,  prickly 
dog-fish,  thornhound,  Acanthias  vnlgarist  locally 
termed  Asia,  Aguglia,  Palombo  pinticchiato  or  im- 
piltricchiato,  Uiato  iinpiriali. 

Spineto  m. ;  thicket. 

Spinctt-ayC;  i.  dim.  Spina.    2.  (mus.)  spinet, 


Spioncella  f.;  (ornith.'}  pipit,  meadow-lark,  v. 
Calandro  (i). 

Spioncello  m.  ;  (ornith.)  red-throated  pipit, 
Aiithus  aaitaticus,  also  termed  Fossaccio,  Fossaione, 
Pispola  di  palude. 

Spibvere,  for  conjug.  v.  Piovere ; 
I.  to  stop  raining.  2.  of  water,  to  run 
off.  3.  Capelli  spioventi  per  le  spalle, 
hair  falling  down  upon  the  shoulders. 
4.  part.  Spiovente,  slanting. 

Spi&vi;  A  — ,  adv.  aslant. 

Spiovimento  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Spiovere. 


590 


SPIPITARE— SPOLVERINO 


For  the  de>  ivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word 


*  Spipitare  ;  =  Sbiluciare,  to  ga/e  intently  at. 
Spipola  /!;  (ornith.)  titlark,  v.  Pispola. 

Spippol-are  ind.  spfppolo ;  I.  to  pick 
the  grapes  off  a  bunch  or  the  grains 
from  an  ear.  2.  fig.  to  speak  very 
readily,  to  rattle  off;  I  giudizi  che  ti 
spippolano  11  per  li,  the  opinions  rattled 
off  to  you  at  a  moment's  notice.  3.  part. 
-ante  =  Sgargiante,  stylish.  4.  part,  -ato ; 
Lo  diceva  proprio  -ato,  he  said  it  with- 
out the  smallest  reserve. 

Spiral  (L.,  root  sper,  to  twist,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Spire,  no.  2);  i.  spiral  line.  2.  lay  of  a  rope. 

Spirabilc  ;  =  Respirabile. 

*Spiracolo  »i.\  i.  =  Spiraglio.  ii.  =  Barlume, 
glimmer,  iii.  breath. 

Spiraglio  m.  ( L.  spiraculwn)  •  i .  little 
hole,  lit.  air-hole.  2.  (mar.)  skylight. 

Spiral-e,  -mente  ;  as  E. 

Spir-are  (A)  (L.);  i.  of  the  wind,  to 
blow  softly.  2.  fig.  to  breathe  ;  Viso 
che  -a  compunzione  e  coraggio,  face 
breathing  regret  coupled  with  deter- 
mination ;  Benigna  voluntade,  in  cui  si 
liqua  Sempre  1'  amor  che  drittamente 
-a,  that  kindly  will,  wherein  perfect 
charity  is  ever  manifest,  lit.  the  love 
which  is  breathed  forth  rightfully,  D. 
Par.  15.  i.  3-  poet,  for  Respirare. 
4.  =  Ispirare,  to  inspire  ;  Vostra  vita 
senza  mezzo  -a  La  somma  beninanza, 
the  breath  of  your  life  comes  direct 
from  the  beneficence  of  the  Most  High, 
D.  Par.  7.  142.  5.  (theol.)  to  proceed, 
as  the  Holy  Spirit. 

(B)  (L.  exspirare) ;  i.  to  expire, 
breathe  one's  last.  2.  to  expire  by 
effluxion  of  time. 

*  i.  -arsi,  to  desire  ardently,    ii.  to  spy  out.    Aff. 
-azione. 

Spirea/;  (tot.)Spirae«. 
*Spirico;  =  Spirale. 
Spirit-accio  in. ;  pfgg.  -o.    -ale  ;  poet,  for  -uale. 

Spiritare  ind.  spirito ;  i.  to  be 
possessed  by  a  devil.  2.  —  dal  freddo, 
to  feel  terribly  cold ;  Qua  dentro  ci  si 
spirita,  one  gets  perished  with  cold  in 
here.  3.  libbe  a  —  quando  vide  il 
coltello,  he  went  half  mad  from  fright 
on  seeing  the  knife. 

Spirit-ello  m.;  dim.  vezz.  of -o,  sprite. 

Spirit-ismo in.;  spiritualism.    Aff.  -ista,  -istico. 

Spirito  w.  (L.);  i.  spirit.  2.  wit.  3.  {gram.) 
breathing. 

*i.  =  Alito,  breath,  ii.  effluvium,  iii.  Cumplession 
dello  — ,  constitution  of  the  organs  of  breathing, 
iv.  mechanism  of  a  watch,  v.  =  Sfiatatoio,  air-hole. 

Spiritos-aggine  f. ;  spreg.  attempt  at  wit  ; 
-amente  adv.;  -ita  f.  iron.,  effort  to  be  funny; 
v.  -o. 

Spiritdso ;    r.    (Vino)  — ,  strong.     2.    witty,' 
clever. 

Spirituale ;  i.  as  E.  2.  in  //.,  one  of  the 
Franciscan  Orders,  'possessed  of  power  over 
ghosts. 

Spiritual-ismo  in. ;  doctrine  that  spirit  exists 
independently  of  matter.  Aff.  -ista. 

Spiritual-ita,  -izzamento, -izzare,  -mente; 
as  E. 

Spiro  m. '.  i.  breath.     2.  spirit. 

Spirt-ale,  -o  ;  poet,  for  Spirit-uale,  -o. 
tSpiscelo  ;«.;  =  Spiflero,  draught. 

Spisciol-are  ind.  spisciolo ;   of  wine,  to  flow 
from  the  cask  in  a  thin  trickle.     Aff.  -io/reg.  sb. 
tSpjscioro  7«.;=Zampillo,  j_et. 

*  Spissare  ;  i.  to  thicken,    ii.  to  occur  often. 

*  Spitamo  m.  (Gr.  <r7ri0afii)) ;  span,  8  inches. 
tSpittare ;  =  Spicciolare. 

Spittin-are  itui.  spittino ;  to  chirp,  as  a  robin. 
Aff.  -!o. 

Spittiross-are  ;  i.q.  Spittinare.  Aff.  -So,  -olare 
dim. 

t  Spitto  ;  i.  =  Schietto.    ii.  =  Spicciolo. 


Spiumacciare ;  to  shake  up  (a  feather 
bed). 

Spiumare ;  to  pluck  (fowls).  *= 
Sprimacciare. 

tSpizzadurayl;  =  TJgnatura,  diagonal  joint. 

t  Spizzea,  *  Spizzeca/;;  i.  —  Spilorcio.    ii.  trifle. 

Spizzicare;  =  Spiluzzicare,  to  take  a 
little  of. 

Spizzicatura  /  ;  (print.}  faulty  im- 
pression. 

Spizzico;  A  — ,  in  small  quantities. 

t  Spizzo  m. ;  i.  v.  Sargo  (3).     ii.  v.  Carace. 

*  Splacare ;  =  Scinpare,  to  squander. 
Splebe-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  make  genteel. 
Splendentemente ;  radiantly. 
Splend-ere  peif.  -ei  or  -etti  -esti  -e  or  -ette,  no 

pass.  part.  (L.  splendere,  to  shine) ;  to  shine.  Aff. 
-idam^nte,  -idezza,  -ido,  -ore,  -oruccio  or  -oruzzo 
dim.  spreg.  of  -ore. 

£5T"  Splendore  in  Dante  is  always  reflected  light. 

Splenetico  ;  i.  with  enlarged  spleen.  2.  hypo- 
chondriacal. 

Splin  »t.  (E.)  ;  ill-humour. 

Splor-atore  m.  ;  =  Esplor-. 

Spbcchia/ ;  bumptiousness. 

Etym.  L.  sportula,  basket,  v.  Sporta,  considered 
to  have  been  used  colloquially  in  sense  of  "income." 

Spocchi-6ne,  -<5so ;  bumptious. 
Spoderare  ind.  spodeYo ;  to  move  to 
another  farm. 

*  Spodere  ;  =  Spodestare. 

Spodestare  ind.  spodesto,  or  Spo- 
testare ;  to  dispossess. 

*  Spodestato  ;  furious  (wind). 

Spbdio  ;«.  (Gr.)  ;  I.  ivory  black, 
spodium,  from  calcined  ivory.  2.  cinders 
from  a  smelting  furnace. 

Spoetare  hid.  spoeto;  i.  to  say  of 
some  one  that  he  is  no  poet.  2.  to 
write  a  quantity  of  indifferent  poetry. 

Spoetizzare ;  to  take  away  the 
romance  of. 

Spbglia  /  (L.  spolium,  armour 
stripped  from  the  slain);  I.  spoils  of 
war.  2.  anything  cast  off,  e.g.  foliage 
of  trees  dropped  in  autumn,  slough 
shed  by  snakes  in  spring,  in  pi.  frag- 
ments of  ancient  buildings  or  statuary. 
3.  a  corpse,  regarded  as  a  thing  shed 
by  the  living  soul,  remains.  4.  coating 
of  a  bulb.  5.  =  Sfoglia,  thin  paste. 
6.  covering  of  an  umbrella.  7.  Sotto 
mentite  spoglie,  dressed  in  a  wrong 
uniform,  under  borrowed  plumes. 

*i.  =Abito;  Tmbrunir  di  fuor  votse  la  — ,  put  on 
mourning  apparel,  Ar.  Orl.  Fur.  14.  33.  ii.  in  casting 
a  statue—  I ntonaco,  Camicia. 

Spogliacamiciayl;  at  cards,  beggar-my-neigh- 
bour. 

Spogli-are  ind.  spoglio  ;  i.  to  un- 
dress. 2.  fig.  to  deprive,  e.g.  a  king  of 
his  crown ;  —  1'  animo  delle  passioni, 
to  put  aside  all  passion.  3.  to  strip, 
e.g.  a  church  of  its  ornaments;  Casa 
-ata,  unfurnished  house.  4.  —  un  libro, 
to  extract  phrases  from  it,  v.  Spoglio 
(5).  5.  -arsi,  to  take  off  one's  uniform  ; 
11  prete  si  -a,  finita  la  messa,  when 
mass  is  ended  the  priest  takes  off  his 
vestments.  6.  of  wine,  -arsi,  to  get 
clear,  to  mature. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atomo  dint.,  -atoio  dressing-room, 
-atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura. 

*  Spogliazz-a/;  i.=Spoglio,  stripping,   ii.  whip- 
ping on  the  bare  skin.     *  -  ato  ;  half  undressed. 


for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

Spoglio  m.,  -vbsb.  of  Spogliare ;  I .  un- 
dressing. 2.  deprivation.  3.  in//.,  cast- 
off  clothes.  4.  poet,  for  Spoglia,  spoil. 
5.  selection  of  words  or  phrases  from  a 
book,  e.g.  for  a  dictionary.  6.  —  del 
voti,  sorting  and*ounting  ballot-papers. 
7.  (com.)  Fare  lo  —  dei  creditor!  e  dei 
debitor!  d'  un'  amministrazione,  d'  un 
patrimonio,  to  extract  from  the  ledgers 
its  credits  and  debits. 

Sp61a,  Spuola,  /  (cogn.  Fr.  epoulin, 
Span,  espolin,  mlt.  spola  <  O.H.G. 
spuolo,  bobbin) ;  i.  weaver's  shuttle  ; 
the  etymological  meaning  of  Spuola 
would  be  bobbin,  but  as  the  word  taken 
for  this  was  Cannello,  the  shuttle,  which 
is  a  specialised  bobbin,  received  the 
name  properly  belonging  to  a  bobbin. 

2.  netting-needle. 

*  Spoladora/;;  =  Incannatora,  reel. 

Spoldtta  f.  (dim.  of  Spola,  from  the 
resemblance  of  a  fuze  to  a  bobbin) ; 
fuze.  —  a  tempo,  time-fuze.  —  a  per- 
cussione,  percussion-fuze. 

Spoletto  in. ;  bobbin  of  the  shuttle, 
v.  Spola. 

Spoliazidne^/;  as  E. 

Spoliticare  ind.  spolitico;  to  talk  politics. 

Spollaiare ;  i.  to  knock  from  a 
perch.  2.  fig.  scherz.  to  pull  out  of  bed. 

*  Spollastrare  ;  to  make  a  full  meal. 
Spollinarsi  ind.  si  spollina  ;  of  fowls,  to  shake 

off  the  lice. 

Spollon-are  ind.  spollono;  i.  — ,  or 
Ripulire,  to  trim  a  vine  or  chestnut-tree, 
remove  the  superfluous  shoots.  2.  intr. 
to  throw  out  fresh  shoots.  Aff.  -atura. 

Spolmonare  ind.  spolmtfno  ;  to  make  breathless 
with  talking. 

Spol-6ne  in.;  angm.  of -a,  shuttle. 

Spolp-are  ind.  spolpo;  i.  to  take 
off  the  flesh.  2.  fig.  to  strip,  to  fleece. 

3.  -arsi,  to  become  thin ;  (Terra)  -ata, 
worn  out.     4.  Matto  -ato,  stark  mad. 

Spolpo  ;  sync,  for  Spolpato. 

*  Spolteggiare  ;  v,  Spolto. 
*Spoltigh-ay;,  -a  in.;  emery-powder. 
•Spolto    (sync,     for     Spogliato) ;     i.     swampy. 

t  ii.    Carro  vestito,  or  — ,  cart  with  or  without  a 
lengthening  made  of  wicker-work. 

t  Spoltriggia  f.;  polishing-powder  for  marble. 

Spoltr-ire  ind.  -isco;=Spoltronire. 

Spoltroneggiare  ind.  spoltroneggio ; 
to  be  lazy. 

Spoltron-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  cure  of 
laziness. 

Spolveracciolo  m. ;  whisk,  brush 
made  of  a  fox's  brush. 

Spolveragi6ne  / ;  dusting. 

*  Spolveramura  in.;  worthless  fellow. 

Spolver-are  ind.  sp61vero;  i.  to 
dust.  2.  to  pulverise.  3.  to  "  pounce," 
v.  Spolvero.  4.  fig.  to  make  a  clean 
sweep  of,  as  thieves,  or  a  hungry  man 
eating,  or  a  spendthrift.  *to  cover  with 
dust. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 
Spolverezz-are,  -o ;  i'.  Spolverizz-. 

Spolverina  / ;  dust-cloak. 

Spolverino  m. ;  i.  i.q.  Polverino. 
2.  apparatus  for  removing  dust  from 
grain.  3.  long  feather-broom. 


SPOLVERIO— SPRANGA 


59i 


Spolverio  m. ;  i.  v.  Spolverare  (4). 
2.  cloud  of  dust. 


for  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

flap  of  a  trap-door.  2.  Stare  a  — ,  to 
have  one's  shop  half-open  as  on  semi- 
holidays,  hence  scherz,  to  be  blind  of 
one  eye.  3.  Palafreniere  di  — ,  rider 
at  the  side  of  a  royal  carriage.  4.  trouser- 
Spbnte  (L.,  v.  Spontaneo,  eiym.};  flaP  ™  trousers  which  open  in  front  by 


Spolverizz-are;  i.  to  pulverise. 
2.  to  sprinkle,  e.g.  with  sugar.  3.  to 
"pounce,"  v.  Spolvero.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Spolverizzo  in. ;  i.  pounce-powder. 
2.  pouncing.  3.  a  pounced  copy. 
4.  pouncing-brush.  V.  Spolvero  (6). 

Sp61vero  m. ;  l.  dusting,  or  the  dust 
raised  by  dusting,  esp.  on  a  large  scale  ; 
Far  lo  —  generale,  to  give  a  good 
dusting  everywhere.  2.  anything  pul- 
verised ;  Gli  date  sopra  con  uno  —  di 
carbone,  strew  some  powdered  charcoal 
over  it.  3.  flour-dust  on  the  walls  of  a 
mill,  also  termed  Volanda.  4.  very  fine 
flour  for  baking.  5.  a  drawing,  the 
outlines  of  which  have  been  pricked 
round  for  pouncing.  6.  pounce,  coloured 
powder  sprinkled  over  holes  pricked  in 
paper  to  form  a  pattern  on  paper  under- 
neath. .  7.  pounce-bag,  a  muslin  bag 
for  sprinkling  the  pounce.  8.  fig.  Uno 

—  di  scienza,  a  smattering  of  science ; 
Un  grande  —  di  parole,  clever  sounding 
talk,  but  with  nothing  really  in  it ;  Cose 
di  — ,  things  of  mere  appearance ;   - 
teatrale,  mere  theatrical  effect;   (Can- 
tante,  Sonatore,  Letterato)  di  — ,  pro- 
ducing an  agreeable  impression  at  first. 

Spomiciare  ind.  spomicio;  to  rub 
with  pumice-stone. 

*  Spomiglia  /.;  =  Velo  tessuto  in  modo  che  pare 
increspato. 

Sp6nda  (Sponde)  f.  (L.  sponda, 
frame  of  a  bedstead,  which  in  bit. 
passed  into  the  sense  of  embankment) ; 
i.  bank,  border,  shore,  edge.  2.  side 
of  a  cart.  3.  parapet  of  a  bridge  or 
well.  4.  quay. 

Spondaggio  ;«. ;  wharfage.  Spese 
di  — ,  landing-fees. 

Spondaico ;  (Esametro)  with  a  spondee  in 
place  of  a  dactyl  for  the  penultimate  foot. 

Spond-ar&la  ;  v.  Sponderola.  *-c  ;  v.  Sponda. 
Spondeo  m.  (L.,  7'.  Skeat,  sub  vac.)',  spondee. 
Spond-er61a,  -ar61a  /.  (It.  sponda,  edge); 

1.  rabbet-plane.     2.    —   a   bastone,  compass-plane. 
3.  —  a  battenti,  side  fillister.     4.  —  a  canto,  skew 
rabbet-plane.      5.    —  a  intaccatura,  fillister-plane  ; 

—  a  intaccatura  mobile,  moving  fillister. 

Spond-icina  f.',  dim.  -a. 

Spondilo  m.  (L.  spondylus,  —  Gr.  (T^dciuAos, 
vertebra,  akin  to  tr^evSoi^t),  sling,  the  common  notion 
of  the  two  being  that  of  whirling,  tr<t>6i>5v^os  being 
primarily  the  "axis"  vertebra  on  which  the  head 
turns) ;  i.  (flnat.)  vertebra.  2.  a  genus  of  mussels, 
Spondyius,  including  the  thorny  oyster,  Spondyius 
gafderapia. 

Sponere  ;  pop.  for  Esporre. 

Spon-gato  m. ;  i.  (cook.)  shape 
made  of  minced  meat,  eggs  and  spices. 

2.  whipped  up  cream,  for  tipsy  cake. 
Spongi-a/. ;  v.  Spugna.    Aff.  -forme. 

Spongiola  /;  (hot.}  the  nutrient 
tubercle  in  a  root. 

Spongite  /. ;  (min.)  spongy  rock, 
fossil  sponge. 

Spon-g6si,  -gibsi  /. ;  (med)  spongi- 
ness,  softening  of  bone. 

Sponsal-e;  i.  =  Maritale.  2.  in//, 
as  i^.,  =  Sposalizio,  wedding  festivities. 
-izio ;  poet,  for  Sposalizio. 


Spontan-eo ;  as  E.     Aff.  -eamente,  -eitk. 

Etym.  L.,  <  sptmte,  willingly,  ablative  of 
"spans,  willingness,  root  span,  to  attract,  cj>. 
O.  H.G.  spa'ian,  to  allure,  gispanst,  allurement, 
>  Germ.  Gespmst,  ghost,  lit.  diabolic  enticement, 
imderspenstig,  refractory,  ///.  with  contrary  in- 
clination. 


v.  Spinte. 

*Sponto;  i.  —  Spontaneo.    tii.  =Spuntato. 
*Spontone;  v.  Spuntone. 

Spopol-are  ind.  spopolo;  I.  to  de- 
populate. 2.  intr.  of  a  great  preacher 
or  singer,  to  draw,  lit.  to  depopulate 
the  rest  of  the  city.  Aff.  -amento. 

Spopp-are  ind.  spoppo ;  to  wean. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

Spora  f.  (Gr.,  for  root,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
p.  758) ;  spore. 

Sp6rad-i/:/tf.  (Gr.);  i.  (geofr.)  the  Sporades, 
islands  of  the  Greek  archipelago.  2.  scattered  stars. 
-ico  ;  as  K. 

Sporangio  m.  (Gr.  tnropa,  seed,  ayyo?,  vessel) ; 
(bot.)  sporangium,  seed-vessel  of  a  cryptogam. 

Sporcacci-are  ;  to  make  very  dirty. 
Aff.  -6ne. 

Sporc-ame'nte  ;  filthily,  -are  ;  to 
besmirch. 

Sporchettare  ind.  sporchetto ;  to 
break  the  ground  between  adjacent 
ridges  of  a  ploughed  held,  v.  Porca. 

Sporc-hdtto  m. ;  dim.  of  -o.  -hezza 
f.  ;  =  Sporcizia. 

Sporc-hizia,  -Izia  / ;  filthiness. 

Spbrco  (L.  spurcus,  not  akin  to 
porcus,  though  the  "  open  "  o  of  Sporco 
is  attributable  to  the  influence  of  Ital. 
porco) ;  filthy. 

Sp6rg-ere  ind.  spor-go,  -gi,  perf. 
sp6rsi,  part.  sp6rto ;  i.  to  stick  out. 
2.  tr.  to  push  out.  3.  to  hand,  e.g.  a 
letter  to  a  person.  4.  -ersi,  at  D.  Par. 
10.  39,  seems  to  mean  "extend";  si 
subitamente  Che  1'  atto  suo  per  tempo 
non  si  -e,  so  swiftly  that  her  action  (that 
of  Beatrice,  =  Heavenly  wisdom)  takes 
no  appreciable  time.  ^4^1-enza,  -imento. 

*  Sporone  nt. ;  =  Sprone. 

Sp6rre ;  pop.  for  Esporre.  t  =  Spog- 
liare. 

Sporta  /  (L.  sporta,  plaited  basket, 
root  sper,  to  twist,  v.  Spira) ;  I.  hamper  ; 
Mangerebbe  la  —  a  Brandano,  i.e.  he 
has  a  great  appetite ;  Brandan  was  an 
Irish  saint  famous  for  his  voyages. 
2.  woman's  straw  hat.  3.  Bocca  di 
— ,  spreg.  great  ugly  mouth. 

*  Sportare  ;  i.  to  project,     ii.  to  depart,    iii.  to 
transport. 

Sport-ella,  -elletta;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of -a. 

*  Sportellare  ;  to  open  a  Sportello. 

Sportelltoa/.;  i.  i.q.  Sportelletta. 
2.  pastry  in  the  shape  of  a  little  hamper, 
given  to  children  at  Easter. 

Sportellino  m.;  dim.  Sportello. 

Sportello  m.  (dim.  Sporto,  projec- 
tion, applying  therefore  originally  to  a 
door  or  hatch  opening  outwards)  ; 
i.  shutter  or  panel  of  any  small  open- 
ing or  hatchway,  such  as  the  door  of  a 
bird-cage,  aperture  of  a  ticket  office, 
door  of  a  carriage,  little  door  in  a  big 
house  door  or  great  gate,  buttery  hatch, 


one  flap  ;  Calzoni  a  — ,  trousers  made 
in  this  style.     5.  v.  Portello  (4). 

tSportelldni  ;  Andare  — ,  =  Righellonando. 
Sport-iccidia,  -icella,  -icina  ;  dims,  of -a. 
Sp6rtico    in. ;    {arch.)  —  Sporgenze    nel    corpo 
d'  un  edifizio  dalla  porta  in  su. 

Sp6rt-o  m. ;  i.  (arch.}  projection. 
2.  shutter  of  a  shop-front  projecting 
when  open  into  the  street.  3.  that  kind 
of  little  wall  which  partly  shuts  in  a 
shop  and  serves  to  exhibit  the  articles 
on  sale;  Macelleria  con  —  di  marmo, 
butcher's  shop  with  marble  stands ; 
Gli  -i  dei  rigattieri,  the  stands  of  the 
second-hand  dealers'  shops.  4.  (mech.} 
=  Ricovero,  lap,  cover.  5.  as  part.,  v. 
Sporgere. 

Sport-6na_/,  -6ne  m. ;  augms.  of -a. 

Sp6rtula/  (L.) ;  i.(leg.}  fee  formerly 
paid  to  a  judge  for  trying  a  case. 
2.  gratuity  given  by  great  men  to  their 
retainers. 

Sp6s-a /. ;  i.  bride.  2.  betrothed 
bride.  3.  young  wife,  -alizio  m.  ; 
wedding,  -ame'nto m. ;  marrying,  -are; 
(A)  i.  to  marry.  2.  to  give  in  mar- 
riage. 3.  to  betroth.  4.  fig.  to  espouse 
(an  opinion).  5.  —  Gesii,  to  become 
a  nun.  *(B)  =  Posare,  to  lay  down. 
-at6re  m.  \  vbsb.  -ere"ccio ;  matrimonial. 
-6tta,  -ina  f. ;  dims.  vczs.  of  -a.  -too 
m. ',  dim.  vesz.  of  -o.  -itivo ;  pop.  for 
Espositivo.  -0;  i.  betrothed.  2.  bride- 
groom. 3.  husband;  in  //.,  married 
couple.  4.  as  adj.,  married.  -6na  f. ; 
augm.  of -a.  -6tta  / ;  awgm.  vezz. 

Etym.  L.  spansus,  part,  of  spondee,  to  promise, 
v.  Rispondere. 

Spossare  ind.  sposso  (It.  possa  with 
j-  priv.) ;  to  exhaust.  Aff.  -amento, 
-atame'nte  wearily,  -atezza, -atore,  -atrice. 

Spossessare  ind.  spossesso;  to  dis- 
possess. 

Spost-ame'nto  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are. 
2.  displacement.  3.  —  dalla  corrente, 
drift. 

Spost-are  ind.  sposto ;  i.  to  mis- 
place ;  Vanno  a  letto  a  ore  -ate,  they 
keep  very  untimely  hours.  2.  (mar.} 
to  shift  (cargo). 

Spost-atura  /;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are. 
2.  piece  of  rudeness.  Aff.  -aturaccia 

P'gg- 

Sposuccia/J;  dim.  s£reg,  Sposa. 

Spotestare  ind.  spotfesto ;  v.  Spodestare. 

Spdtico  ;  pop.  for  Despotico. 

Spotteggiare  ind.  spott^ggio  ;  vulg.  =  Fare  il 
pottaione,  to  Drag. 

*  Spraccare  ;  =  Camminare  a  gambe  larghe. 

Spracch,  Spracche ;  unit,  of  smacking  the 
lips. 

tSpracchicchio ;  A  — ,  with  the  legs  wide 
apart. 

Spranga  /  (cogn.  bit.  sprancha, 
Germ.  Spange^  ornamental  clasp,  < 
O.H.G.  spanga,  bolt,  bar,  cp.  E.  spangle, 
<A.S.  spang)  metal  clasp);  I.  bar  for 


592 


SPRANGAIO— SPUNTARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


securing  a  door,  the  same  as  Sbarra. 
2.  cross-piece  of  the  frame  of  latticed 
railings,  v.  Regolo  (2).  3.  rivet  for 
mending  broken  china.  *buckle  of  a 
saddle. 

Sprangaio  m. ;  china-mender. 

Sprang-are ;  vb.,  v.  -a.    Aff.  -atura. 

Spranghett-a/;  i.  dim.  ofSpranga. 
2.  dull  headache.  Aff.  -ina  sub-dim. 

*  Spraticare  ;  to  discontinue  negotiations. 

t  Sprat  ichirsi  ;=  Impratichirsi,  to  become  expert. 

Sprazzo  m.  (var.  of  Spruzzo)  ; 
i.  splash,  e.g.  of  grease.  2.  spot  (of 
light).  3.  spray,  D.  Purg.  23.  68. 

Sprea  _/! ;  (gfogr.)  the  river  Spree  in  Germany. 

Spree-are  ind.  spreco  -hi  (etym. 
unkn.,  perhaps  <  **dis-precare,  as  it 
were  to  fling  away  with  a  curse ;  or 
possibly  a  development  out  of  M.H.G. 
spreckel,  spot,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sprinkle) ; 
to  dissipate,  waste. 

Aff.  -amento,  -attire,  -o  s6.y  -one  wasteful  person. 

Sprege'vol-e ;  contemptible.  Aff. 
-mente. 

Spregi-are  ind.  spregio;  to  despise, 
-ante ;  contemptuous. 

Aff.  -amdnto  i.q.  -o,  -atamente  disdainfully, 
-ativo,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Spregio  m. ;  contempt.  Fare  —  a, 
to  show  want  of  respect  for. 

Spregiudic-arsi  ind.  mi  spregiiidico ; 
to  get  rid  of  one's  prejudices,  -ato, 
open-minded.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atezza. 

Spregnare  ind.  sprdgno  ;  to  give 
birth  to. 

Sprellayl;  smoothing-tool  for  alabaster. 

Sprem-ere  perf.  -€\,  part,  -uto ;  to 
squeeze.  Aff.  -itura. 

Spremitdio  in. ;  lemon-squeezer. 

*  Spresio  w.;  =  Spregio. 
Spresso  ;  pop.  for  Espresso. 

Spretarsi  ind.  mi  spreto ;  to  re- 
nounce Holy  Orders. 

Sprezz-are  ind.  sprezzo ;  to  disdain, 
treat  with  contempt. 

Aff.  -dbile,  -amento,  -antemente,  -atamente, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -atura  carelessness,  often  in  good 
sense,  careless  ease,  -evolmente,  -o  sb. 

*  Spricare  ;  =  Spiegare,  to  explain, 
t  Spriggine  /. ;  cold  drizzle. 

Sprigion-are  ind.  sprigi6no;  to  set 
free.  Aff.  -amento. 

Sprill-are  (prob.  an  altered  form  of 
Spillare) ;  i.  to  gush,  spirt  out.  2.  pres. 
part,  -ante,  sparkling. 

tSprillo  w.;=Indizio,  Spia. 

Sprimacci-are  (var.  of  Spiumacci- 
are) ;  to  beat  or  shake  up  a  feather 
pillow  or  mattress.  Aff.  -ata. 

t  Sprimaccidne  »i.;  slap  with  the  open  hand. 

Sprizzare;  i.q.  Spruzzolare. 

tSprizzolo  w.;=Briciolo{  little  piece. 

Sproccatura  /. ;  cut  in  a  horse's  foot,  v. 
Sprocco  (2). 

Sprocco  m.  (var.  of  Sbrocco) ; 
i.  shoot  of  a  plant.  2.  spike. 

Sprofond-are  ind.  sprofondo;  i.  to 
fall  down  (an  abyss),  to  sink  into  the 
depths  (of  the  sea).  2.  A  — ,  to  put  it 


at  the  highest;  Costera  tre  lire,  a  — ? 
will  it  come  to  three  francs  at  the  out- 
side ?  3.  tr.  to  plunge,  e.g.  a  dagger 
into,  or  fig.  -arsi  in  una  lettura,  to 
plunge  into  one's  reading.  4.  as  an 
imprecation,  Che  tu  possa  — ,  ///.  may 
you  sink  !  Aff.  -amdnto,  -at6re. 

t  Sprofondo  in.  \  abyss. 
t  Sprofottia  f. ;  =  Sperfottia,  bad  luck. 
SproI6quio  )>i.\  long,  serious  talk. 

Sprome'ttere  ;  to  retract  a  promise. 
Spronaia  f. ;  wound  from  a  spur. 
Spronaio  m. ;  spur-maker. 

Spron-are;  i.  to  spur.  2.  (mar.)  to 
ram.  Aff.  -ata,  -atfna  dim.,  -atore. 

tSpr6nda./;  =  Sponda,  bank. 

Sprdne  m.  (cogn.  Proveng.  espero, 
Fr.  fyeron,  Span,  espolon,  <  O.H.G. 
sporo,  >  Germ.  Sporn  ;  akin  to  A.S. 
spura,  >  E.  spur ;  root  sper,  to  struggle, 
kick,  jerk);  I.  spur;  A  spron  battuto, 
at  full  speed.  2.  (mar.)  ram.  3.  but- 
tress. 4.  (bot.)  (a)  ergot,  the  rye  fungus, 
(6)  —  di  cavaliere,  garden  larkspur,  v. 
Erba  (36),  (c)  —  di  cavaliere  salvatico, 
wild  larkspur,  Delphinium  consolida. 

Spronella  / ;  rowel. 

Spropiare  ;  pop.  for  Spropriare. 

Sproporzion-ale ;  not  proportional, 
-alita/;  want  of  proportion,  -alme'nte: 
adv.  -are;  to  proportion  wrongly,  -ato; 
disproportionate,  -atamente;  adv.  -e 
f. ;  want  of  proportion. 

Sproposit-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o. 

Sproposit-are  ind.  sproposito;  I.  to 
talk  nonsense.  2.  part,  -ato,  enormous. 
Aff.  -atamdnte. 

Sprop6s-ito  in. ;  i.  absurdity.  2.  ex- 
traordinary quantity.  3.  Adoperare  a 
— ,  to  misapply.  Aff.  -itone  augm., 
-ituccio  dim.,  -izi6ne  i.q.  -ito. 

Spropri-are  ind.  sproprio ;  to  expro- 
priate, -arsi,  to  sell  one's  property. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -azione. 

Sprbprio  m.  \  i.  i.q.  Spropriazione. 
2.  heavy  expense. 

Sprosciugare  ind.  sprosciii-go  -ghi ; 
to  liquefy  dried  paint  with  turpentine. 

Sprosciugo  m. ;  liquefier. 

*  Sprotetto  ;  unprotected. 

Sprovvede're ;  to  take  away  pro- 
visions. For  conjug.  v.  Vedere. 

Sprovv-edutame'nte,  -istame'nte  ; 
unexpectedly. 

Sprow-eduto,  -isto ;  unprovided, 
unprepared. 

*  Spruffare  ;  =  Sprnzzare. 
tSprumenere;  to  wonder. 

*  Sprunare  ;  to  remove  thorns. 
•Spruneggio  m. ;   (*»/.)  =  Pungitopo,  butcher's 

broom. 

Spruzzaglia/ ;  i.  sprinkling.  2.  light 
drizzle.  3.  spray. 

Spruzz-are  (M.H.G.  spriitzen,  a 
variant  of  spriezen,  i>.  Skeat,  sub 
Sprout);  i.  to  sprinkle.  2.  intr.  to 
drizzle.  Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atina  dim., 
-atura,  -o  sb.  i.q.  -aglia. 


Spruzz-olare  ind.  spnizzolo;=-are. 
-olio  m. ;  persistent  drizzle. 

Spnizzolo  m. ;  i.  =  Spruzzo.  2.  (bot.) 
laburnum,  v.  Citiso  (i). 

*  Spublicare  ;  to  put  to  shame  publicly. 
t  Spuciare  ;  =  Spulciare. 

Spudorat-o;  shameless.    A/i-ezza. 

Spugn-a  f.  (L.,  <  Gr.  o-sroy-yos)  ; 
i.  sponge.  2.  (bot.)  —  buona,  morel, 
an  edible  fungus,  v.  Bucherella  (2). 

Aff.  -ata  wiping  with,  or  blow  from,  a  sponge, 
-atura  sponging,  -etta,  -ina  dims.,  -ino  bit  of  sponge, 
-61o  dim.  of  -a  (2),  -one  i.  augni.  of  -a,  2.  white  rock 
occurring  at  Volterra,  from  which  gypsum  is  prepared, 
-osita,  -dso. 

Spula  f. ;  Tavola  di  legno  che 
adoperano  i  droghieri  per  sbucciare  il 
caccaos  e  per  pulire  il  riso,  cleaning- 
table,  T.  Spulare. 

Spulare ;  to  winnow  (grain),  to 
separate  the  loose  pieces  of  husk  from 
cacao  or  chestnuts,  v.  Pula. 

Spul-at6io  »i.;  i.q.  -a.     -atura./;  v.  -are. 
*Spulcellare ;  T.  Spulzellare. 
*Spulcialetti  m. ;  drudge,  lit.  remover  of  fleas 
from  beds. 

Spulciare  ;  i.  to  get  rid  of  fleas. 
2'  fig-  to  examine  a  book  minutely. 

Spulezz-are  (Spuleggiare) ;  to  run 
off.  Aff.  -o. 

Etym.  dub.,  perhaps  <  Puleggio  (B).  Dare  il 
puleggio;  meaning  to  send  away,  may  have  suggested 
s-puleggiare,  to  hurry  off,  with  intensive  s-. 

Spul-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  dull,  e.g. 
glass.  2.  to  impart  a  high  polish,  v.  S, 
P-  521.  §  2. 

Spulizz-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  i.q.  Pulire, 
to  clean.  2.  fig.  to  get  rid  of  (debts). 

*Spul-zellare(-cellare);  =  Sverginare. 

Spum-a  /  (L.,  akin  to  Pomice,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Foam)  ;  foam,  froth,  v. 
Schiuma  (2).  Aff.  -are  or  -eggiare  to 
foam,  -co  poet,  for  -oso,  -ffero,  -one  ice- 
pudding  with  whipped  cream,  -oso. 

tSpuntale  m. ;  (war.)=Bittalo,  bowsprit. 

Spunt-are;  i.  to  blunt  or  break  off 
the  point  of  a  thing.  2.  —  i  capelli,  to 
cut  off  the  tips  of  the  hair.  3.  —  una 
cosa,  to  succeed  in  carrying  it  through. 

4.  to  overcome;  Se  non  vi  da  1'  animo 
di  —  quel  ragazzo  lo  -ero  io,  if  you  do 
not  feel  you  can  make  that  boy  obey, 
I  will  overcome  his  resistance  myself; 
-aria,  to  carry  one's  point,  win  the  day. 

5.  (mar.)    to    round    (a    promontory). 

6.  (mil.)  to  take  (an  enemy's  position). 

7.  of  growing  objects,  to  begin   to  be 
visible,  as  a  baby's  teeth,  or  corn  when 
it  first  comes  up.     8.    of  the   sun,  to 
rise;  Allo  —  del  giorno,  at  daybreak. 
9.  Similarly  of  anything  making  a  more 
or  less  sudden  appearance ;  Mi  -ano  le 
lacrime  su  gli  occhi,  tears  come   into 
my  eyes.     io.  to  disarrange,  the  oppo- 
site of  Appuntare ;  -ati  il  vestito,  undo 
your  coat;  -ami  il  solino  di  dietro, undo 
my  collar  at  the  back.     11.    to  strike 
out  (an  engagement)  from  one's  pocket- 
book.     12.  in  making  a  fur  cap  from  a 
hare-skin,  to  get  rid  of  the  Pelo  vano, 
soft  hair.     13.  at  the  game  of  Pallone, 
to  catch  the  ball  on  one  or  on  two  of 


SPUNTATURA— SOUERZO 


593 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

the  studs  of  the  Bracciale,  instead  of  Sputazucchero  /«.;  person  of  honied 

on  three,  so   that   it  slips.     \(mar.)  =       words. 

Averzer,   to   brace  up.  tSputestare;  =  Spotestare,  to  dethrone. 


Spuntatura  /;  i.  tip  of  a  thing 
after  it  has  been  cut  off,  es/>.  of  a  cigar, 
or  the  tail  of  a  Baccala  (dried  cod)  cut 
off  and  sold  cheap.  2.  at  Pallone,  mis- 
hit, v.  Spuntare  (13). 

Spuntellamento  m. ;  (mar.}  un- 
shoring. 

Spuntellare  ind.  spuntello;  to  re- 
move the  props. 

Spunterbo  m.  ;  (skoem.)  toe-cap  made  of  a 
material  different  from  that  of  the  rest  of  the  shoe. 

Spuntiera/;  (mar.)  trawl. beam. 

Spun  tiglio  m. ;  —  del  ferro,  flakes  of  iron,  v, 
Scaglia  (5). 

Spuntlno  m.  (prob.<lt.  spuntare, 
but  precise  connection  unkn.) ;  refresh- 
ment taken  between  meals. 

Spunto  m.  ;  I.  acidity  in  wine. 
2.  (/heat.)  initial  word  given  by  the 
prompter. 

*  i.  =Spuntone.     ii.  as  adj.^  pale. 

Spuntonata  /".;  blow  with  a  Spuntone. 

Spunt6n-e  (Spontone)  tn.  (intens.  and  augm. 
of  Puma);  i.  (mil.  hist.)  spontoon,  a  weapon  some- 
thing like  a  halberd,  which  used  to  be  carried  by 
certain  officers  of  foot.  2.  =  Spunzone.  Aff.  -cello, 
-cino  dims. 

Spunz-ecchiare  ind.  spunze'cchio, 
-icchiare ;  to  prick. 

Spunzon-are  ind.  spunzono ;  to  prod. 
Aff.  -ata. 

8punz6ne    m.    (inlens.     Punzone)  ; 

1.  spike.     2.    large  thorn.     3.  =  Pungi- 
glione,  goad. 

Spubla/ ;  =•  Spola,  shuttle,  or  netting- 
needle. 

t  Spurare  ;=  Pulire,  to  polish  (copper  vessels). 
*Spurc-ido  ;  =  Sporco,  dirty.    Aff.  *-izie. 

Spurg-are;  i.  strictly,  to  cough  up 
mucus  and  spit  it  out.  2.  generally,  to 
clean  up,  clear  out ;  —  la  sua  libreria, 
to  get  rid  of  the  useless  books  in  one's 
library.  Aff.  -amento,  -azione. 

Spurgowz. ;  i.  expectoration.  2.  mat- 
ters removed  in  cleaning  out.  3.  in//., 
residues  after  a  sale. 

Spurio(L.);  spurious. 

Sputacchiare ;  freq.  of  Sputare. 
Sputacchidra  /. ;  spittoon. 

Sputacchio  m.  ;  thick  catarrhal 
mucus. 

t  Sputaidla  /. ;  =  Sputacchiera,  spittoon. 

Sputap^pe  tn.  or  f. ;  fiery  person, 
spit-fire. 

Sput-are  (L.,  freq.  of  spuo,  root 
spiiu,  •v.  Skeat,  sub  Spew) ;  I.  to  spit. 

2.  —  tondo,  to  deliver  oneself  of  solemn 
speeches.     3.    of  a  window,  to  let  the 
rain  drive  in.     4.  —  su  tutto,  to  affect 
contempt  for  everything.    5.  part,  -ato ; 
Essere  il  babbo  nato  e  -ato,  to  be  the 
very  image  of  his  father;  Bugia  pretta 
e  -ata,  a  downright  lie. 

Sputa-s^nno,  -sentdnze  m.  ;  con- 
ceited ass. 

Sputat6ndo  m. ;  v.  Sputare  (2). 
H. 


Sputo  m.  •  i.  spittle.  2.  fig.  II  sarto 
ha  appiccicato  i  bottoni  collo  — ,  the 
tailor  has  not  put  the  buttons  on  at  all 
firmly ;  Essere  appiccicato  collo  — ,  to 
be  liable  to  dismissal  at  any  moment. 

t  Mangiare  pane  e  — ,  to  eat  dry  bread. 
tSpuzza  ;  Pesce  —  ,  v.  Crenilabro  (2). 
*Spuzz-are;  to  stink.  *-etta_/:;  stench. 

*  Spuzzolo  ;  =;  Schifiltoso,  over-nice. 
*Squacquera  (Squacchera)  f. ;  loose  motions. 

Etym.  Either  a  corruption  of  It.  caccola  or  of 
acqua+cacca  ;  in  either  case  with  prefix  of  s-  intens. 

*  Squacquer-are ;    i.    lit.    to    have    diarrhoea, 
ii.   Jig.   to  babble   out  what  one  is  thinking   in  an 
uncalled-for  way.     iii.  to  do  something  very  hastily. 
iv.   fart,  -ato  as  adj.,  immoderate  (laughter),  un- 
seemly (gesture  or  language). 

Squacquerella/  (dim.  Squacquera); 
squitters. 

Squadernare  ind.  squaderno ;  i.  lit. 
to  turn  over  the  leaves  of  a  Quaderno, 
copy-book,  hence  2.  to  examine,  to  scan. 

3.  =  SpiatteIlare,  to  exhibit  for  inspec- 
tion.     4.    Cio   che   per  1'  universo   si 
squaderna,  that  which  is  scattered  (lit. 
in    loose    leaves)    through    the    whole 
world,  D.  Par.  33.  87. 

Squadra/  (L.  ex,  quadrata) ;  r.  car- 
penter's square,  a  wooden  right-angled 
triangle.  2.  Doppia  — ,  or  -  -  a  .T, 
T-square.  3.  —  a  ugnatura,  mitre-square. 

4.  Falsa  — ,  —  zoppa,  or  — •  mobile, 
bevel,  also  termed  Quartabono,  Calan- 
drino,  v.  Calandrino  (3).     5.   Essere  a 
— ,  to  be  at  right  angles.    6.  Fuor  di  — , 
(a)  out  of  square,  (b)  generally,  out  of 
position.     7.   A  sotto  — ,  at  an  acute 
angle ;  A  sopra  — ,  at  an  obtuse  angle. 
8.  (mar.  or  mil.)  squadron.     9.  squad. 
10.    --  volante,  police  officer  in  plain 
clothes  charged  with  confidential  duty. 

Squadr-are ;  i.  to  adjust,  lit.  to 
square.  2.  to  gaze  at  closely.  *  = 
Squartare,  to  split.  Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Squadrfglia  /  ;  dim.  Squadra  (8). 
Squadrigliere  m. ;  trooper. 

Squadrino  m. ;  brick-maker,  lit.  one 
who  makes  bricks  square. 

Squadro  ;«. ;  i.  squaring;  Opera  di 
— ,  square  work  such  as  that  of  masons 
and  carpenters.  2.  A  — ,  Fuor  di  — , 
Sptto  — ;  v.  Squadra  (5)  to  (7).  3.  en- 
gineer's square  for  determining  perpen- 
dicular lines.  4.  — ,  or  Squadrolino, 
the  angel  fish,  v.  Angelo  (ii). 

Squadrolino  m. ;  v.  Squadro  (4). 

Squadronare  ind.  squadrono ;  (mil.) 
to  divide  into  squadrons. 

Squadron-cello,  -cino  tn.;  dims,  of -e. 

Squadrone  ;«.;  (mil.)  i.  squadron,  sixth  part 
of  a  regiment  of  cavalry.  2.  (Aw/.)=Schiera,  troop 
of  infantry.  3.  cavalry  soldier's  sword.  4.  augm.  of 
Squadra  (i). 

Squadr-ucciayl;  aim.  -a(i). 

Squadruccio  /;/. ;  ruler. 

tSquaena,  Squalena  /.;  =  Squadrolino,  angel 
fish. 

Squagli-are;  i.  to  liquefy,  the  oppo- 
site of  Cagliare.  2.  to  melt  (with  heat). 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Squallente ;  =  Squallido. 


Squall-ido;  as  E.    Aff.  -idezza,  -ore. 

Etym.  L.,  firob.  akin  to  L.  cal-igo,  soot,  Gr. 
*fAnci/6s,  black,  Sanskr.  kala,  black,  old  Slavonic 
kalu,  mud,  kal-jati,  to  defile. 

Squalo  m.  (T>.  squalus,  some  kind  offish  or  sea 
animal) ;  shark.  —  glauco,  bine  shark,  Carcharias 
glaucus.  —  boreale,  Greenland  shark,  Scymruis 
borealis. 

Squam-  or  Squamm-a/  (L.) ;  i.  scale 
of  a  fish  or  snake.  2.  by  ext.,  flake  of 
metal.  3.  Corazza  a  -e,  coat  of  mail. 

Squamare ;  to  flake  off. 

Squamdso ;  i.  flaky.  2.  (herald.)  of 
a  dragon  or  scaly  animal,  with  part  of 
the  body  covered  with  scales  of  a  dif- 
ferent colour  from  the  rest. 

Squarcetto  in. ;  dim.  Squarcio,  slash. 

Squarciag61a ;  A  — ,  at  the  top  of 
one's  voice. 

Square! -are  (•*  exquartiare,  v. 
Squartare) ;  i.  to  rend.  2.  part,  -ato, 
as  adj.,  big  (mouth),  broad,  harsh  (ac- 
cent). 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata  cleaving  blow,  -atore,  -atura. 

Squarciasacco ;  A  —  ,  =  A  strac- 
ciasacco,  askance. 

•Squarciavento  m.;  =  Millantatore,  boaster. 

Squarcfna  / ;  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of 
scimitar. 

Squarcio  m. ;  i.  gash.  2.  piece  torn 
off.  3.  extract  from  a  book. 

Squarcitine  m. ;  boaster. 

Squarqudio  (prob.  for  Squarcio- 
cuoio) ;  decrepit.  *dirty. 

Squarrato;  cracked,  squeaky  (voice). 

Etym.  Cogn.  Neapolitan  sgit<trraret  to  tear, 
Milanese  sgara,  to  split;  orig.  either  Germanic  or 
Celtic,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Shear. 

Squart-are  (**exquar(are,<L.  ex, 
quartus)  ;  to  quarter,  cut  up.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -ata  bravado,  -atoio  butcher's 
knife,  -atore,  -atura. 

Squarto  ;«. ;  i.  quartering.  2.  Car- 
bone  di  — ,  charcoal  from  split  logs, 
inferior  to  Carbone  in  cannella,  in  round 
billets. 

*Squartone  m. ;  lump  of  wood. 

Squartucciare  ;  to  sell  wine  in  Quartucci. 
*Squasillo  m.\  blandishment. 

Squasimod^o  m.  (v.  Scasimodeo); 
=  Minchione,  lit.  one  who  is  only  quasi- 
rational.  Lezi  squasimodei  =  Casimisdei, 
affectations. 

*  Squassaforche  m. ;  gallows-bird. 

Squass-are  (L.  quassare  with  intens. 
prefix  s- ;  quassare  \sfreq.  of  qualere,  to 
shake) ;  i.  to  brandish.  2.  of  an  earth- 
quake or  the  wind,  to  rock.  Aff.  -amento, 
-o  sb. 

*  Squatina  /;  =  Squadro. 
'Squatrarc;  i.  =  Squartare.     ii.  =  Squadrare. 
*Squattreggiare  ;  =  Stizzirsi,  Sagrare,  to  curse. 

Squattrin-are  ind.  squattrino  ;  to 
consider  minutely,  //'/.  change  into  small 
coin,  Quattrini.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ata. 

Squero  m.  (E.  square);  (mar.)  i.= 
Cantiere,  ship-yard.  2.  covered  dock 
for  sheltering  a  dismantled  vessel. 


tSquerza/:;  =  Sferza,  whip. 
tSquerz-o  m.,  -are;  =  Scherz-o,  -are. 


75 


594  SQUILIBRARE— STAFFA 

For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


Squilibr-are  ind.  squilibro ;  to  upset 
the  balance.  Aff.  -io. 

Squilla  /.  (A)  (cogn.  bit.  schilla, 
Proveng.  esquella,  Span,  esquila,  Germ. 
Schelle,  O.H.G.  scella,  bell,  Norse  skal, 
shout;  root  skel,  to  ring,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Squall,  Shilling);  I.  bell  on  the  harness 
of  an  animal.  2.  cow-bell.  3.  any  little 
bell.  4.  tinkling,  of  a  bell ;  blast,  of  a 
fog-horn. 

(B)  (L.,  <  Gr.  o-KiXXn) ;  I.  (tot.)  squill, 
Scilla  maritima.  2.  a  genus  of  crabs, 
of  which  Squilla  mantis,  the  mantis 
crab,  is  Mediterranean.  t  =  Crangone, 
shrimp. 

Squill-are ;  i.  of  trumpets,  to  sound. 

2.  -ante  as  adj.  (a)  shrill,  (6)  clanging. 

3.  (herald.)  -ato,  (animal)  with  a  bell  on 
its  neck. 

*  i.   of  the  wind,  to  blow.     ii.  =  Scagliare. 

Squillitta/;  dim.  Squilla. 
*Squill-etto  m. ',  dim.  -o. 

Squillo  m.  ;  blast,  e.g.  of  a  horn. 
*=Spillo,  pin. 

Squinanto  «.;  (bat.)  lemon-grass,  v.  Schinanto. 

Squinanzia  /  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Quinsy); 
i.  =  Angina.  2.  (bat.)  quinsy-wort,  v.  Stellina  (3,  a). 

Squinci  e  squindi ;  scherz.,  v.  Quinci  e  quindi. 
*Squinciare  ;  followed  by  Squindare,  to  go  now 
this  way  now  that,  v.  Squinci. 

Squincio  (Sguincio)  (prob.  a  corr.  of 
Scancio,  y.7/.);  =  Sbieco,  slanting. 

Squinternare  ind.  squinterno ;  i .  (lit.) 
to  undo  a  book  into  its  component  quires, 
•v.  Quinterno.  2.  =  Scartabellare,  to  turn 
over  the  leaves  of  a  book.  3.  =  Squader- 
nare  (2)  and  (3). 

Squisit-o  (L.  exquisitus);  exquisite. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -e"zza. 

Squismodei  m.  pi. ;  fussing,  v.  Casi- 
misdei. 

Squitt-inare  ind.  -ino ;  i .  =  Mandare 
a  partito,  to  divide  upon  a  question,  put 
it  to  the  vote.  2.  to  nominate  (a  can- 
didate for  election).  3.  to  vote  by  ballot 
upon  candidates  for  any  office  or  for 
Parliament,  -v.  Squittinio. 

Squittinatdre  m. ;  voter. 

Squittinio  m.  (corr.  of  Scrutinio) ; 
i.  =  Scrutinio,  balloting.  2.  (hist)  as- 
sembly held  for  the  purpose  of  taking 
a  vote. 

Squitt-ire  ind.  -isco  (A)  (corr.  of 
Schiattire,  which  is  a  variant  of  Schiat- 
tare,  v.  Chiappare,  etym.,  §  4) ;  to  yelp, 
as  hounds  following  a  fox. 

(B)  (var.  of  Sguizzare,  v.  Guizzare) ; 
to  slip. 

tSquizzire  ;  — Squittire  (B),  to  slip. 

Squoiare  ind.  squoio ;  =  Scoia^e,  to 
skin. 

Sradic-are  ind.  sradico  -hi;  i.  to 
root  up.  2.  (herald)  part,  -ato,  of  a  tree 
blasoned  so  as  to  show  some  of  its  roots. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

*Sradire  ;=Diradare,  to  clear. 

Sragion-are  ind.  sragiono ;  to  reason 
falsely.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Sragione'vole ;  irrational. 


Sregolat-0;  ill -regulated.  Aff. 
-ame'nte,  -e"zza. 

tSrenirsi  ;  =  Direnarsi,  to  break  one's  back. 

Sruggin-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  remove 
the  rust. 

Sruvid-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  civilise 
somewhat. 

St !  ;  hush  ! 

Sta;  aphaeresis  for  Questa  in  Sta- 
sera,  Stanotte,  Stamane,  this  evening, 
to-night,  this  morning. 

Stay;;    for   State,  summer,  in   the  prov.   San 

I'., i]  M  iii. i  il  piu  lungo  della  sta. 
•Sta'  >«.;  =  Staio,  bushel. 

Stabaccare  ;  to  be  always  taking 
snuff. 

Stabbi-are  (L.  stabulare,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Stable);  i.  to  fold  (sheep),  with  a 
view  to  manuring  the  ground ;  -ato,  as 
s6.,  ground  so  manured.  2.  of  animals, 
to  let  fall  their  droppings.  Aff.  -atura. 

Stabbio  m.;  i.  =  Concime,  manure. 
2.  Fare  — ,  =  Stabbiare. 

Stabbiolo  m. ;  pig-sty. 

Stabil-e  (L.);  i.  settled  (residence), 
safe  (foundation),  lasting  (peace),  strong 
(piece  of  work).  2.  permanent,  defini- 
tive, as  opposed  to  provisional.  3.  Beni 
-i,  real  property.  Also  as  sb.  Uno  — ,  a 
piece  of  real  property,  or  simply  in  sense 
of  house,  Casco  da  uno  — ,  he  fell  off  a 
house. 

Stabilime'nto  m.  •  establishment. 
(mar)  —  di  porto,  "establishment  of 
the  port,"  interval  between  the  time  of 
the  moon's  transit  and  high  tide. 

*  i.  settled  condition,     ii.  settling  (of  a  business), 
iii.  firmness. 

Stabil-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  establish. 
2.  to  determine  upon,  settle.  3.  —  una 
vela,  to  stand  a  sail  in  its  right  bearing. 
4.  the  term  is  used  by  B.  Cellini  for 
dressing  the  walls  of  a  furnace  with 
fireproof  composition. 

Stabil-ita  jr.;  as  E.  -itamente:  in  the  way 
agreed  upon,  -itdre  m. ;  vbsb.  of  -ire.  -minte  ; 
adv.  of  -e.  -6ne  m.;  nugm.  of  -e  (3). 

Stabulario  m. ;  pound  for  cattle. 

*i.  sheep-fold,     ii.  inn-keeper,     iii.  shepherd. 

Stabulazidne  /  ;  stall-feeding  shed. 

*  Stacca  f.  (cogn.   Span,  and    Proven^,   i-staca, 
old    Fr.    fstacke,  <  A.S.    staca,  >  E.    stake)  ;    i.  = 
"  Pezzo  di  legno  a  foggia  di  piedistallo,  posato  per 

10  lungo,  entro  il  quale  s'  infigge  1'  asta  delle  insegne 
e  delle  bandiere  quando  hanno  da  stare  per  alcun 
tempo  ferine  e  ritte"  (Pianigiani),  stand  for  holding 
a  flagstaff,  hence  ii.  iron  arm  with  a  ring  at  the  end 
fixed  on  a  wall,  such  as  may  still  be  seen  on  the  old 
palaces  at  Florence  for  holding  a  flagstaff,     iii.    in 
Piedmont  and  some  other  localities,  clamp  of  any 
kind. 

Stacc-are,  Distaccare  (<Attaccare, 
by  alteration  of  prefix);  i.  to  detach, 
take  off,  pull  off,  take  down.  2.  —  la 
febbre,  to  take  away  feverishness.  3.  — 

11  cavallo,  to  take  the  horse  out  from 
the  shafts.     4.    --  le  denunzie,  to  de- 
nounce.   5.  —  il  bollore,  to  begin  to  boil. 
6.  (agric.)  —  la  rasiccia,  to  burn  weeds, 
v.  Rasicciare.    7.  —  or  -arsi  un  vestito, 
to  get  a  new  suit,  lit.  to  have  it  cut 
from  the  piece.    8.  at  billiards ;  Quanto 
-a?  how  far  is  the  ball  away  from  the 


cushion  ?  9.  —  or  -arsi  il  passo,  of  a 
child,  to  be  able  to  walk  alone.  10.  —  or 
-arsi,  to  stand  out  prominently.  1 1.  For- 
tini  -ati,  detached  forts.  12.  (mus.)  - 
una  nota,  to  play  it  staccato.  1 3.  ( Ancora) 
-ata,  started,  loosened  from  the  ground. 

Aff.  -Abilc,  -amento,  -atamente,  -attfre,  -atura. 
Stacce'tto  m. ;  dim.  Staccio,  sieve. 

Staccheggiare  ind.  staccheggio;  to 
clatter  the  heels  in  walking. 

Staccia-buratta,  -bburatta  ;  a  child's  game 
in  which  the  mother  takes  both  his  hands  and  swings 
him  backwards  and  forwards  as  if  sifting  flour,  and 
sings  :  Staccia  buratta,  Martino  della  gatta :  La  gatta 
ando  al  mulino  ;  La  fece  un  covaccino,  Coll'  olio  e 
col  sale,  Coll'  unto  battuto,  Col  sangue_del  lupo  ; 
II  lupo  e  la  lupaia,  Gli  venga  1'  anguinaia :  L'  an- 
guinaia  e  mala  cosa  ;  Lassu  ci  sta  una  sposa ;  Laggiu 
ce  ne  sta  un'  altra :  Chi  fila  e  chi  annaspa,  Chi  fa 
le  cordelline  Per  legar  le  bambine ;  Chi  fa  i  cordet- 
lini  Per  legare  i  bambini ;  Chi  fa  i]  cordellino,  Per 
tegare  il  mio...,  here  comes  the  child's  name. 

Stacciaio  m. ;  sieve-maker. 

Stacciare ;  to  sift. 

Stacciat-a  / ;  i.  sifting.  2.  sieve- 
full.  3.  (artill.)  mill-cake.  Aff.  -ma 
dim. 

Stacciatura  / ;  sifting. 

Stacclnowz. ;  I.  dim.  Staccio.  2.  calico 
printed  with  a  check  pattern,  cotton 
print.  3.  (ornith.)  —  or  Stiaccino,  whin- 
chat,  Sylvia  rubetra. 

Staccio  (Setaccio)  m.  (bit.  **seta- 
ceum,<seta,  bristle);  i.  hair  sieve. 

2.  Farina    a    tutto    — ,    finest    flour. 

3.  Hence  generally,  A  tutto  — ,  super- 
fine. 

*Stacciuolo  m. ;  dim.  Staccio. 

Stacc-0  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are.  2.  - 
d'  abito,  enough  cloth  to  make  a  suit 
of  clothes.  3.  (coin)  =  Cedola.  4.  C'  e 
troppo  —  tra  un  colore  e  1'  altro,  one 
colour  contrasts  too  much  with  the 
other. 

*  Staccolare  ;  =  Staccheggiare. 

Stad6r-a/  (L.  statera,  steelyard,  < 
Gr.  trraTt'ip,  which  was  orig.  a  weight, 
root  stti,  cp.  i<rri7/«  in  sense  of  placing 
in  the  balance  for  weighing);  steelyard. 
—  a  ponte,  weigh-bridge.  Pesare  uno, 
or  una  cosa,  colla  —  del  mugnaio,  i.e. 
to  make  a  rough  examination  of  it. 

Aff.  -aio  steelyard  maker,  -ante  attendant  who 
weighs  with  the  steelyard,  -ina  dim.,  -tfna  augm., 
-one  aitgin.,  larger  than  -unit,  weigh-bridge. 

*  Stadico  m.  ;  =  Statico,  hostage. 

Stadio  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  oraSiov,  Doric 
o-irdSwv,  cogn.  to  L.  spalium,  v.  Spazio) ; 

1.  ancient  Roman  measure,  the  eighth 
of  a  Roman   mile,  about   185  metres. 

2.  race-course   or   ground  for  athletic 
sports.     3.  stage,  degree  of  progress. 

Staff-a  /  (cogn.  late  L.  stapia,  < 
O.H.G.  staffo,  footstep;  root  stap,  to 
step,  cp.  A.S.  steppan,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Step);  i.  stirrup.  2.  Perder  le  -e,  fig. 
to  lose  patience.  3.  Tenere  il  piede  in 
due  -e,  i.e.  to  play  a  double  game,  stand 
to  win  in  any  event.  4.  Esser  col  piede 
nella  — ,  to  be  just  about  to  go.  5.  II 
bicchiere  della  — ,  stirrup-cup.  6.  (mus.) 
triangle.  7.  -e  di  ferro  delle  rotaie,  fish- 
plates of  a  railway  line.  8.  loop  on  a 


STAFFALE— STAMPA 

For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  -with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word. 


jacket  instead  of  a  button-hole.  9.  riding- 
strap  for  keeping  the  trousers  down  to 
the  foot  when  riding.  10.  the  back  part 
of  a  stocking  between  the  gussets  under 
the  ankles,  n.  step  of  a  spade.  12.  sup- 
porting stirrup  of  a  steelyard.  13.= 
Spranga,  bar  for  securing  a  shutter. 
14.  in  casting,  —  da  fusione  casting-box, 
flask,  a  wooden  utensil  inside  which  the 
model  is  placed  and  earth  pressed  in 
round  it  so  as  to  form  the  mould.  15.  — 
della  carrozza,  =  Montatoio,  step.  16.  Fife 
della  — ,  the  left  foot  of  a  rider,  the  near 
hind  foot  of  a  horse.  17.  any  stirrup- 
shaped  iron  strap  securing  a  thing  in 
position.  1 8.  (anat.)  the  stapes  bone  of 
the  internal  ear.  19.  in  pi.,  the  loops 
of  a  knot  tied  in  a  bow.  20.  weaver's 
pedal.  21.  (mar.)  (a)  sling,  e.g.  for  the 
sprit  of  a  sprit-sail,  (/>)  in  pi.,  chain  plates, 
iron  bars  to  which  the  shrouds  and  back 
stays  are  connected,  also  termed  Lande, 
(c)  -e  delle  lande,  preventer  plates,  also 
termed  Controlande,  (d)  —  di  marcia- 
piede,  stirrup  of  a  foot-rope. 

Staffale  m.  ;  or  Staffa,  step  of  a 
spade,  v.  Staffa  (n). 

Staff-are,  or  -eggiare  ind.  stafteggio ; 
to  take  the  feet  out  of  the  stirrups,  -arsi, 
or  Rimanere  -ato,  to  fall  off  with  one 
foot  held  in  the  stirrup. 

Staffe'tt-a/ ;  i.  dim.  Staffa.  2.  cou- 
rier, despatch-bearer.  3.  A  — ,  as  adv., 
in  haste.  Aff.  -ina  dim. 

Staffierew. ;  I.  stirrup-holder,  page. 
2.  fig.  confidential  attendant  of  a  king 
or  great  noble. 

Staffil-are  ind.  staffilo;  to  whip,  v. 
Staffile.  Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atore, 
-atura. 

Staffile  m.  (It.  staffa);  i.  stirrup- 
strap.  2.  whip  made  of  leather. 

Staffizzeca  f. ;-  Stafisagria. 

Stafildma  m.  (Gr.,<<rro<fruA)7,  bunch  of  grapes, 
originally  vine-stock,  root  stebh,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Staff) ; 
(med.)  staphyloma,  protrusion  of  the  cornea  or  other 
part  of  the  eye. 

Stafis-agra,  -agria/  (I..,  <  Gr.  <rT<wf>i'i,  "7P"", 
lit.  wild  cluster):  (bat.)  stavesacre,  v.  Erba  (99). 

Staggiare ;  i.  to  prop  the  branches 
of  heavily-laden  fruit-trees.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Stazzare,  to  gauge. 

Stagg-imentom.,  -ina/;  (leg.)  sequestration. 

Staggio  m.  (A)  (**staticum,  <  L. 
stare);  \.  shaft  of  a  ladder.  2.  (mar.) 
—  della  tartana,  trawl-beam.  3.  back 
leg,  or  upright  piece  in  the  back,  of  a 
chair.  4.  wooden  bar  of  a  bird-cage. 

*(B);  =  Stallo.     *(C)  ;  =  Ostaggio,  hostage. 

Stagg-ire  ind.  -isco  (O.H.G.  **stdt- 
jan,  cp.  O.H.G.  stdlaii,  to  fui><st&ti, 
firm,  A.S.  stede,  a  place ;  the  Germanic 
stem  is  stddja,  to  fix,  <  root  sla) ;  (leg.) 
to  sequestrate  the  effects  of  a  debtor, 
/*'/.  prevent  his  moving  them.  Aff. 
-itore. 

Stagionacciayl;  pegg.  Stagione. 

Stagion-are  ind.  stagi6no;  to  season, 
-ato,  of  a  certain  age.  Aff.  -amento, 
-atamdnte,  -atura. 

Stagidne  /  (L.  slatio,  halting,   so 


that  the  lit.  meaning  would  seem  to  be 
period  within  which  no  great  change  of 
weather  occurs ;  an  alternative  theory 
is  to  regard  the  meaning  of  season  as 
an  adoption  from  the  very  similar  word 
satio,  >  Fr.  saison,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Season); 
i.  season.  2.  Mezza  — ,  spring  or  au- 
tumn. 

Stagirita  ;  Lo  — ,  Aristotle  (born  at  Stagira). 

Stagli-are;  i.  to  hack.  2.  to  reckon 
roughly.  *to  cut  short  (a  discussion). 
Aff.  -atura,  -o  sb. 

Stagna  / ;  can. 

Stagnaio  m. ;  tinsmith. 

Stagn-are ;  (A)  i .  to  stagnate,  v. 
Stagno.  2.  to  stanch.  3.  —  una  botte, 
to  make  a  cask  water-tight  by  soaking. 

(B) ;  to  line  with  tin.  Ferro  -ato, 
tinned  sheet-iron. 

Stagnata/;  i.  tinning.  2.  =  Buetta, 
packet  of  tobacco.  3.  =  Stagnina.  4.  can, 
e.g.  for  petrol. 

Stagnatura  /  ;  tin  lining. 

*  Stagneo ;  tin-coloured. 

Stagnfna  /  ;  coffee-pot  (of  tinned 
iron). 

Stagnfno  m.  ;  i.q.  Stagnaio,  tin- 
smith. 

Stagno    (A)    (L.    stagnum,    pool)  ; 

1.  m.   pond.     2.    water-tight,   v.   Stag- 
nare  (3). 

(B)  (L.  stannuin)  tin. 

Stagn61a/;  i.  tin  foil.  2.  tank, 
e.g.  for  petroleum. 

Stagnblo  ;«. ;    i.   (hist.)  base  coin. 

2.  as   adj.,  tin-bearing  (ground).     *  = 
Stagnola. 

*  Stagnone  m. ;  cask  kept  full  of  water  to  prevent 
it  from  shrinking  and  becoming  leaky. 

Staia./;  cubic  metre. 

Staiata  f. ;  bushel,  i.e.  its  contents. 
*  =  Staio  (2). 

Staio  m.,  with  f.  pi.  Staia  (contr.  of 
Sestario) ;  i.  bushel.  2.  the  quantity 
of  ground  requiring  one  bushel  of  seed. 

3.  scherz.  tall  hat. 

*  =Ostaggio. 

Staione  tn.\  as  a  measure  of  capacity,  three 
times,  or  in  some  cases,  twice  a  Staio. 

Staioro  m. ;  i.  =  Staio(2).     z.=Staiata. 

Stal-ammite  or  -agmite  f.,  -ammitico, 
-attite/,  -attitico,  -attitiftSrme  ;  all  as  E. 

*  Stalentaggine  /.;  unwillingness. 

Stall-a/  (cogn.  bit.  stalla,< O.H.G. 
stal,  akin  to  L.  stat>ulum>Fr.  Stable, 
root  sta,  11.  Skeat,  sub  Stall);  stable. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Stallaggio  m.  ;  i.  rent  paid  for 
stabling.  2.  the  stable  itself. 

Stall-are;    i.   of  cattle,  to  be  in  a 
stable.    2.  iron,  for  Installare,  to  instal. 
3.  to  drop  dun 
delay. 


Stallata  /; 
tained  in  a  pen. 

Stallatico  m. 
2.  dung. 

Stallere'ccio ; 
sheep. 


*-arsi=  Indugiare,  to 
pen,   i.e.   sheep   con- 


595 

for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Stall-ctta,  -ettfna;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of -a. 

Stallia./;  (mar.)  in  //.,  lay-days,  the  number 
of  days  allowed  to  the  charterer  of  a  vessel  for  loading 
or  discharging  cargo. 

Stalliere  m. ;  stableman.  *Cavallo 
— ,  stallion. 

Stall-lna/;  dim.  -a. 

Stallino;  i.  kept  in  a  stable.  2.  as 
sb.,  pen,  esp.  for  ewes  or  she-goats  to 
have  their  young  in. 

Stall-lo,  -ivo  ;  unserviceable,  stiff, 
from  long  standing  in  a  stable. 

Stallo  m.  (var.  of  Stalla);  i.  stall 
in  a  cathedral,  or  other  seat  of  honour. 
2.  at  chess,  position  in  which  the  king 
cannot  move  without  going  into  check. 

*i.  =  Stanza,  station.  ii.  delay;  A  poco  — , 
shortly,  iii.  Un  miglio  di  — ,  the  distance  of  a 
mile  away. 

Stalldne  m. ;  stallion.     *stableman. 
Stalluccia  / ;  dim.  spreg.  Stalla. 
Stalluccio  m. ;  pig-sty. 
Stamaiola  / ;  weaver's  beam. 

Stamaiblo  m. ;  dealer  in  fine  wool, 
v.  Stame  (i). 

Staman-e,  -i  ;  this  morning,  v.  Sta- 
mattina. 

Stamattina  adv.  (contr.  of  Questa 
mattina) ;  i.q.  Stamane. 

Stambecchin-ayl;  (hist.)  a  kind  of  cross-bow 
used  for  horseback,  -o  m. ;  soldier  armed  with  it. 

Stambecco  m.  (O.H.G.  stainboch, 
lit.  stonebuck) ;  wild  goat,  ibex,  Capra 
ibex.  *  =  Sciabecco. 


garret.    2.  ruinous 


i.  •• 


Stallaggio   (i). 
(wool)   from  penned 


Stamberg-a/. ; 
house. 

Aff.  -accia  pfgg.,  -one  or  -ona  augw.,  -uccia 
spreg. 

Etyin.  dub.  Perhaps  <  O.H.G.  stain,  stone, 
+berg,  shelter-place,  or  <  It.  stan-(7a)-f(al)-bergo, 
cp.  Stambugio,  Stanferna. 

Stambug-ello,  -etto,  -ino  dims.,  -iaccio 
ptgg-i  °f  Stambugio. 

Stambugio  m. ;  dark  poky  room. 

Etynt.  Either  compounded  from  Stan-  (for 
stanza,  room)+bugio,  hole,  or  formed  by  alteration 
of  the  second  half  of  the  word  Stamberga,  in  which 
the  first  syllable  may  possibly  be  derived  from  the 
first  syllable  of  Stanza. 

Stamburare  ind.  Stambiiro ;  to  beat 
the  drum. 

Stamburata  /.  ;  i.  drum-beating. 
2.  fig.  thrashing. 

Stame  m.  (L.  stamen,  woollen  thread, 
properly  warp-thread,  <  stare,  to  stand) ; 

1.  fine,  carded  wool.     2.  (hot.)  stamen, 
•thread  of  a  lamp- wick. 

*  Stamento  m.  •  i.  =  Stame.     ii.=Stato. 
*Stametto  m.  •  dim.  Stame. 

Stamigna,  StaminayC  (L.  statnineus, 
v.  ijtame) ;  i.  coarse  hair  or  woollen 
cloth,  for  a  sieve.  2.  (mar.}  bunting, 
also  termed  Burato. 

*  Stamignare  ;  to  sift. 
Stamina  ;  ,••.  Stamigna. 

Staminale  m. ;  (wrtr.)  =  Ginocchio,  futtock  of 
a  frame,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  3. 

Stampa/. ;  i.  impress,  stamp,  print. 

2.  mould.    3.  sort,  class.    4.  press,  esp. 
the  newspaper  press,  including  writers 
for    the    newspapers,    as    in    English  ; 
Errore    di    — ,    misprint.      5.  =  Bozza, 

75—2 


596 


STAMPABILE— STARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


proof.  6.  tin  shape  for  cutting  paste 
into  fancy  shapes.  7.  (jA0««.)  =  Stam- 
pino,  punch.  8.  dead  bird  laid  in  the 
Paretaio  to  attract  other  birds.  9.  A 
— ,  printed.  10.  Non  essercene  la  — , 
to  be  without  money,  lit.  without  a 
stamp  for  coining. 

Stamp-abile  ;  v.  -are.     -accia  / ;  fegg.  of  -a. 
*  Stampanare  ;  to  trample  to  pieces. 

Stamp-are  (borrowed  from  German 
sources;  the  O.H.G.  word  is  stampSn, 
>  Germ,  stampfen  to  stamp,  also  estam- 
par,  a  word  common  to  Proven^.,  Span., 
Portug.  and  old  Fr.  ;  cp.  Skeat,  sub 
Stamp);  i.  to  print.  2.  to  strike  (coins). 
3.  to  stamp  (an  impression).  4.  to  make 
the  holes  in  a  horseshoe  ;  —  magro, 
grasso,  according  as  the  holes  are  to- 
wards the  outer  or  inner  side. 

Aff.  -atore  printer,  -atrice,  -atoruccio  dint,  sfrfg. 
of-atore,  -atura. 

8tampell-a  /  (O.H.G.  stamphil, 
dint,  of  stamph,  pestle,  akin  to  stampdn, 
•v.  Stampare);  I.  i.q.  Gruccia,  crutch; 
Reggersi  male  sulle  -e,  to  be  weak  on 
one's  legs.  2.  Pesce  — ,  hammer- 
headed  shark,  v.  Sfirna.  Aff.  -<5ne 
augin. 

Stamperi-a/ ;  printing-works.  Aff. 
•uccia  spreg. 

Stamp-etta,  -ettfna  ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of -a. 

Stampf glia/ ;  i.  fly-sheet.  2.  printed 
form,  to  be  filled  up  in  manuscript. 
3.  board  exhibiting  the  five  numbers 
drawn  at  the  weekly  lottery. 

Stampigliato ;  (clause)  added  to  a 
document  by  means  of  a  stamp. 

Stampinare  ind.  stampino;  to  print 
with  a  Stampino. 

Stampine  f.pl.;=  Bozze,  proofs. 

Stampino  in. ;  i.  =  Bozza,  proof. 
2.  stamp  for  making  an  impression, 
e.g.  on  a  pat  of  butter.  3.  (shoem.) 
punch.  4.  stencilling-plate ;  Versi  fatti 
con  lo  — ,  verses  of  a  stock  character. 

Stampit-a/;  i.  long-winded  dis- 
course, tiresome  fault-finding.  2.  affected 
coyness;  Andiamo,  nou  far  tante  -e,  lo 
desideri  piu  di  me,  come,  take  it  and 
have  done  with  your  mincing  ways,  you 
want  it  more  than  I  do. 

*song  with  instrumental  accompaniment. 

Etym.  Proveni;.  estampida,  song  sung  to  a 
fiddle,  <  estampir,  to  make  a  noise,  the  source  of 
which  is  prob.  O.H.G.  stamph,  pestle. 

Stampo  m.  (Germanic,  v.  Stampare); 

1.  stamp,  punch  with  a  steel  die  for 
stamping     metal     plates     or     leather. 

2.  mould  for  brick-making.     3.  wooden 
decoy  duck.    4. --- Stampa  (3).     5.  in //., 
the  holes  in  a  horse-shoe. 

Stamp-6ne  m. ;  I.  augm.  of  -o.  2.  in 
//.,  proof-sheets. 

Stanare  ;  to  drive  out  of  a  den, 
Tana. 

Stanca  /  ;  (mar.)  =  Marea  ferma, 
slack  water,  at  high  or  low  tide. 

Stanc-abile,  -amento  ;  v.  Stancare. 
Stancacavallo  m.  ;    (bat.)  hedge  hyssop,   i>. 
Graziola. 


Stancare  (**stagnicare,  to  cause 
stagnation,  <  L.  stagnum,  pool,  v.  Skeat 
sub  Stanch) ;  to  tire. 

Stancheggiare  ind.  stanche"ggio ;  to 
tire  out  by  degrees. 

Stanch-etto  :  dim.  Stance,  -e'vole; 
fatiguing. 

Stanche'zza  / ;  fatigue. 
Stanc-o;  tired.     *left  (hand).    Aff. 
-uccio  dim. 

t  Stanfernayi;  great  ugly  opening. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  stan^za)+(ca)-verna,  cp.  Stam- 
berga. 

*  Stanforte  m.  (It.  stame,  forte)  ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 

Stanga/  (O.H.G.  stanga,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Stang);  i.  pole,  bar,  lever,  i.  punt- 
pole  ;  —  d'  acqua,  water  of  depth  equal 
to  the  length  of  a  punt-pole ;  Mezza  — , 
half  that  depth.  3.  post  or  stand,  for 
shewing  off  clothes.  Prov.  I  panni 
rifanno  le  stanghe,  i.e.  the  tailor  makes 
the  man.  4.  swing-bar,  separating 
horses  in  a  stable ;  Essere  la  —  di 
mezzo,  to  receive  knocks  from  both 
sides,  as  when  one  intervenes  in  a 
quarrel.  5.  fig.  miserable  poverty. 
*seat  of  judgment. 

Stang-are  ;  i.  to  bar  (a  door).  2.  part.  -:ilo, 
miserably  poor.  *  =  Stancare. 

Stangata  /  ;  blow  with  a  pole. 

Stanghe' tta /;  i.  dim.  Stanga,  bar. 
2.  bolt  of  a  lock.  3.  =  Linguetta,  flap  of 
the  lock  of  a  trunk.  4.  — ,  or  Spran- 
ghetta,  dull  headache.  5.  — ,  or  Sbarre, 
the  gaps  in  a  horse's  teeth  for  the  bit. 
6.  (mus.']  mark  after  each  bar.  7.  (print.) 
—  Lineetta,  dash  or  hyphen. 

Stanghettina  / ;  i.q.  Lineetta,  hy- 
phen, dash. 

Stanghino  m. ;  prop  for  raising  the 
back  part  of  a  cart. 

Stangon-a  /  ;  i.  augm.  Stanga. 
2.  fig.  v.  -e. 

Stangonare  ind.  stangono;  to  puddle 
(molten  metal). 

Stangonata  /  ;  blow  with  a  Stan- 
gone. 

Stangdne    m.  ;    i.    augm.    Stanga. 

2.  fig.     tall,     strong,     young     fellow. 

3.  stirring-pole. 

Stanbtte  (contr.  of  Questa  notte) ; 
to-night. 

Stante  i.  m.\  (mar.)  upright  post, 
stanchion.  2.  v.  Stare  (20)  and  (21). 

Stantf-0  (It.  stante,  pres.  part,  of 
Stare) ;  stale.  Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 
or  iron. 

Stantuffo  m.  (apparently  a  hybrid 
formed  from  Germ.  Stampfe,  pestle,  and 
Ital.  tuflfare,  to  plunge);  piston. 

Stanz-a  /  (mlt.  stantia,  <  L.  stante, 
part,  of  stare,  lit.  therefore,  place  for 
standing);  i.  room.  2.  abode;  Pren- 
dere  — ,  to  take  up  one's  abode.  3.  Le 
-e  del  Vaticano,  a  suite  of  rooms  at  the 
Vatican  painted  in  fresco  by  Raphael. 

4.  bankers'  clearing-house.     5.    (poet.) 
stanza,  esp.  eight-lined  stanza,  such  as 


that  of  Tasso's  Gerusalemme  liberata; 
the  term  is  from  the  stop  or  pause  at 
the  end  of  each  stanza.  6.  in  pi.,  as- 
sembly rooms,  Casino. 

*i.  =  Istanza,  request,    it.    moment  of  time;    In 
questa  — ,  just  at  this  time. 

Aff.  *accia  pfgg.,  -ata  roomful,  -erella,  -etta 
dims.,  -ettaccia  dim.  pegg.,  -ettina  sub-dim. 

•Stanziayl;  i.  =  Istanza,  request,     ii.  inn. 

Stanzial-e;  permanent.  Aff.  -me'nte. 

Stanzi-are;  i.  to  appoint,  fix  (laws, 
salaries).  2.  (poet.)  to  judge.  3.  of  an 
army,  to  be  quartered.  Aff.  -amento, 
-at6re. 

*StanziboIo  m. ;  —  Stanzino. 

Stanzina  /  ;  dim.  Stanza. 

Stanzin-o  m.  ;  i.  dressing-room 
(smaller  than  Stanzina).  2.  privy.  Aff. 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Stanz-6ne  augm.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.,  -ucci- 
accia  dim.  pegg.,  of  -a, 

S t apazzina  f. ;  =  Monachella,  warbler. 

Staped-e  or  -io  m. ',  (anat.)  stapes  bone  of  the 
internal  ear. 

Stappare ;  to  uncork. 

*  Stapula  f. ;  =  Magazzino,  store. 
Starda/:;  =  Oumla,  great  bustard. 

Stare  (L.)  ind.  sto  stai  sta  stiamo 
state  stanno,  imperf.  stavo  stavi  stava 
stavamo  stavate  stavano,  perf.  stetti 
stdsti  stette  stdmmo  steste  stettero,  fut. 
star6  starai...,  cond.  starei  stare'sti..., 
pres.  subj.  stia  or  poet.  ste"a... stiamo 
stiate  stiano,  imperf.  subj.  stdssi  ste"ssi 
stdsse  ste'ssimostdste  st6ssero,  ortstassi 
tstassi  tstasse  tstassimo  tstaste  tstas- 
sero,  imperat.  stai  or  sta'  stia  stiamo 
state  stfano  or  stidno,  parts,  stando 
stante  stato. 

*  Obsolete  forms:   iitd.  stao  =  sto;   imperf.  stevp 
stevi  ..3rd    sing,    stea ;   perf.    stai    or    stei  =  stetti, 
stettono,  stiedano,  or  stettoro,  =  stettero  \  fut.  stru  ; 
siil'j.  steati  or  stiati  =  ti  stia,  steli  — gli  stia,  steanci 
=  ci    stiano  ;    impfrf.    subj.    stessonsi  =  si    stessero, 
stassite  =  staste. 

I.  to  stand.  2.  to  be,  viz.  not  to  be 
moving  ;  Star  ritto,  to  stand  upright ; 
—  a  sedere,  to  be  sitting ;  —  in  ginoc- 
chioni,  to  be  kneeling ;  —  in  timore,  to 
stand  in  fear.  3.  --  bene;  (a)  to  be 
well ;  Come  state  ?  how  are  you  ?  Ha 
sposato  un  uomo  che  sta  magnifica- 
mente,  she  has  married  a  man  in 
splendid  health,  (b)  to  look  well  (in 
some  style  of  dress);  Con  cotesta  pa- 
landrana  stai  pessimamente,  you  look 
horrid  in  that  shapeless  coat,  (c)  to  go 
well ;  Non  tutti  i  colori  stanno  bene  sul 
verde,  all  colours  do  not  go  well  with  a 
green  background  ;  Quest'  episodic  qui 
non  ci  sta  bene,  this  episode  does  not 
come  in  well  here,  (d)  to  be  deserved ; 
Se  P  hanno  legnato  gli  sta  bene,  if  they 
have  thrashed  him  it  serves  him  right. 
(e)  to  be  in  good  graces  with ;  Fatene 
parlare  a  lui  che  sta  molto  bene  col 
ministro,  make  him  speak  about  it  since 
he  stands  very  well  with  the  minister. 
(/)  —  bene  a  quattrini,  to  be  well  off. 
(g)  Quel  che  sta  bene,  a  great  deal; 
Da  me  a  lui  ci  corre  quel  che  sta  bene, 
there  is  a  vast  difference  between  him 
and  me.  4.  to  do,  to  be  right ;  Cosi 
non  ista,  it  will  not  do  as  it  is.  5.  to  be 


STARLOMACO— STECCA 


597 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  tlie  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


credible,  possible ;  Ditele  almeno  che 
stiano,  let  your  yarns  be  at  least  possible. 
6.  to  remain  ;  Chi  va  e  chi  sta,  some  go 
and  some  stay.  7.  to  live,  to  be;  Di 
casa  sta  in  Porta  Romana  ma  di  bot- 
tega  sta  in  Mercato,  his  home  is  at  the 
Porta  Romana,  but  his  shop  is  in  the 
market-place ;  Sta  al  piano  di  sotto,  he 
lives  on  the  floor  below;  Dove  stanno 
le  chiavi  della  cantina?  where  are  the 
keys  of  the  cellar  kept  ?  8.  to  delay ; 
£  stato  un  pezzo  a  piovere  ma  ora 
rimette  le  rotte,  it  has  not  rained  for  a 
long  time,  but  now  it  is  coming  down 
in  torrents.  9.  —  a  una  cosa,  to  take 
one's  share  in  it ;  Si  fa  un  pranzo  a 
bocca  e«  borsa ;  ci  stai  ?  we  are  going 
to  make  up  a  dinner  party,  everybody 
paying  his  own  share ;  will  you  come  ? 
Mi  place  e  ci  sto,  I  will  take  my  share 
with  pleasure.  10.  Starsene  a  uno,  or 
a  cio  che  uno  fara,  to  be  guided  by  his 
decision,  n.  --  in,  to  stand  at  (so 
much  money);  A  me  mi  sta  in  cento 
lire,  se  lo  vuole  glielo  cedo  per  lo  stesso 
prezzo,  it  stands  me  in  at  a  hundred 
francs,  you  may  have  it  for  the  same 
price  if  you  like.  12.  —  per  uno,  to  be 
at  his  disposition ;  La  carrozza  sta  per 
me  per  tutta  la  giornata,  the  carriage  is 
at  my  disposal  during  the  whole  day. 
13.  --  sulle  spese,  to  be  away  from 
home,  so  that  one  has  to  pay  for  one's 
board  and  lodging.  14.  -  -  su  che- 
chessia,  to  attach  importance  to  it ;  - 
sulle  ciarle,  to  be  fond  of  collecting 
gossip ;  —  sulle  sue,  to  be  reserved. 
15.  —  a,  or  —  with  a  gerund,  to  be 
actually  doing  the  action ;  Sto  a  vedere 
che  cosa  succede,  I  am  waiting  to  see 
what  will  happen  ;  Stemmo  a  sentire 
tutto  quel  discorso,  we  waited  to  hear 
the  whole  speech  ;  Sto  facendo  un  altro 
lavoro,  I  am  doing  a  different  piece  of 
work.  1 6.  —  per,  to  be  about  to  (do); 
Appunto  stavo  per  iscrivergli,  I  was 
just  going  to  write  to  him.  17.  —  sopra 
di  se,  to  be  wrapped  in  thought;  Stette 
un  poco  sopra  di  se,  e  poi  rispose,  he 
thought  for  a  little  while  and  then 
answered.  18.  Non  se  ne  — ,  to  use 
every  exertion ;  Quanto  a  me  non  me 
ne  sto ;  e  se  tutti  insieme  ci  adopreremo 
credo  che  concluderemo  qualche  cosa, 
as  for  me  I  shall  do  my  utmost  and  if 
we  all  exert  ourselves  together  I  think 
we  shall  manage  to  effect  something. 

19.  Lasciare  — ,  to  leave  alone ;  Lascia 
stare    faro    io,    leave    it    alone,    I    will 
manage;    Lasciamo  stare  che  1'  avevo 
avvertito,  ma  egli  se  aveva  giudizio  non 
lo  doveva  fare,  apart  from  the  warning 
I    gave    him   he    ought   to    have    had 
sense  enough  of  his  own  not  to  do  it. 

20.  Stante,  present  (time)  ;    Nel  mese 
stante,  this  month  ;  Poco  stante,  a  short 
time  ago ;   Seduta   stante,  during   the 
sitting.    21.  Stante,  considering ;  Stante 
la  presente  carestia  ogni  cosa  costa  un 
occhio,  with   the   present   scarcity  the 
cost  of  everything  is  enormous;  Stante 
la  importanza  del  soggetto  mi  stender6 


di  piu  in  parole,  seeing  the  importance 
of  the  subject  I  will  say  something  more 
about  it. 

*  Starlomaco  m. ;  corr.  of  Astrologo. 

Starna/^  (cogn.  Span,  estarn/i,  orig. 
unkn. ;  possibly,  by  transference  of  the 
name  to  a  different  bird,  <  O.H.G.  slarn, 
a  starling);  (ornith.)  partridge,  v.  Per- 
nice  (i,  6). 

*  Starnacchio    (L.    siemere,    through    a    form 
**sternax,  v.  Starnazzare) ;  Cadere — ,  to  fall  down 
in  a  faint. 

Starnare;  to  remove  the  intestines 
of  a  bird,  strictly  of  a  partridge,  that  it 
may  keep  better. 

Starnazzare;  of  birds,  to  flutter  in 
the  dust.  *  =  Sparnazzare,  to  squander. 

Etym.  Perhaps  a  development  out  of  L.  sternere, 
to  prostrate,  cp.  Scorrazzare  (g.v.)t<cnrrere.  Caix 
suggests  an  intermediate  form  **  sterna*,  one  who 
prostrates,  which  is  also  pointed  to  by  the  word 
Starnacchio.  This  theory  may  be  correct  for  the 
sense  of  squandering;  that  of  dusting,  however, 
may  very  well  be  <  Starna,  partridge,  a  bird  which 
loves  to  dust  itself. 

*Starno  m. ;  cock  partridge,  v.  Starna. 

*  Starnon-cino   m.  ;   dim.    Starna.     *-e   m.  ;  = 
Starnotto. 

Starn-ottino  sub-dim.,  -6tto  dim.,  of -a. 

Starnut-are,  or  -ire  ind.  -isco;  to 
sneeze.  AJf.  -amento,  -atorio,  -azione, 
-iglia  snuff,  -o  vbsb. 

f".tym.     Cogn.  Proven^,  stomudar,  estrunidar, 
Fr.    tternuer.    Span,  estornndar,  <  L.   sternatare, 
freq.   of  sternuere,  root  psttro,   to  sneeze,  cp.   Gr, 
mdpvvfjLan,  n-Tcupw,   Irish  sreod,  Welsh  ystrewi. 
t  Staro  m. ;  =  Staio.  bushel. 

Staroccare  ind.  starocco ;  at  the  game  of 
Tarocchi,  to  play  the  highest  trumps. 

Stasa/;  v.  Stazza  (i). 

Stasare ;  to  unstop,  to  clear,  v.  In- 
tasare. 

Stasera  (contr.  of  questa  sera) ;  this 
evening. 

Stasi/ (Gr.) ;  i.  (med.)  stasis.  2.  fig. 
inactivity. 

*  Stasso  m.;  par.  of  Stazzo  (B),  q.v. 

Statare;  i.  to  pass  the  summer. 
2.  (agric.)  to  leave  ground  to  the  action 
of  the  air  between  one  ploughing  and 
the  next. 

Statari-o  (L.  statarius,  stationary, 
< stare);  I.  steady;  Pugna -a,  pitched 
battle ;  Soldato  — ,  soldier  of  the  line. 
2.  Giudizio  — ,  summary  judgment, 
martial  law. 

State  f. ;  pop.  for  Estate,  summer. 

*Statea(Statera)/.;  =  Stadera,  steelyard. 
t  Stateggiare  ;  =  Statare. 
Statere  tn. ;  stater,  the  ancient  Greek  coin. 

Stater^ccio;  ripening  in  summer. 
Staterello  m. ;  dim.  Stato. 

Statica  /;  statics. 

Statice  / ;  (tot.)  —  de'  giardini,  thrift,  v.  Spil- 
lettone. 

Statico;  as  E.  *i.  =  Ostaggio,  hostage, 
ii.  judge. 

Statfno  (It.  state) ;  Uccello  — , 
summer  visitant. 

Statista  m. ;  statesman.     *native. 
Statistic-a./;  statistics.    Aff.  -o. 
Stati-vo  (L.);  permanently  resident, 
not  migratory. 

Stato  m.  (L.  status,  <  stare) ;  i.  con- 
dition, status.  2.  Farsi  uno  — ,  to  set 


up  in  regular  business.  3.  Fare  — ,  to 
have  force;  Un  argomento  cotesto  che 
non  mi  fa  — ,  I  do  not  see  the  force  of 
your  argument.  4.  —  libero,  unmarried 
state.  5.  —  d'  anime,  population  of  a 
parish ;  Fare  lo  —  d'  anime,  to  reckon 
up  the  population.  6.  —  civile,  (a)  civil 
condition,  (b)  registry  office  where  the 
municipal  registers  of  the  civil  condition 
of  each  citizen  are  kept.  7.  State,  in 
political  sense.  8.  Colpo  di  — ,  coup 
d'e'tat.  9.  Uomo  di  — ,  statesman, 
io.  (mil.)  —  maggiore,  staff.  11.  (mar.) 
(a)  inventory,  (b)  —  di  manovra,  station- 
bill  ;  —  della  tavole,  mess-bill,  (c)  — 
di  prima  previsione,  =  Preventive,  esti- 
mate of  building-cost. 

*i.  patrimony,    ii.  political  power,    iii.  authority. 
Persona  di  — ,  person  of  quality. 
Statolatr-ia  f. ;    glorification    of    the    State. 


-accia  pegg. 
as  adj.  ~  Statuario. 
o ;  i.  as  E.    a.  as 


Statu-a  /I(L.);  as  E.    / 
'Statuale;  i.  m.  citizen. 

Statuari-a/;  sculpture. 
sb.,  sculptor. 

Statucolo  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  Stato. 
Statu-etta,  -ina/:;  dims,  of -a. 

Statu-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.  statuere,  to 
set,  causal  of  stare) ;  to  ordain,  deter- 
mine. *to  erect. 

Statura  f.  (L.  statitra,  lit.  standing  erect) ; 
as  E. 

Statut-0  m.  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  (po- 
litical) constitution.  3.  -  (d'  una 
societa),  articles  of  association.  Aff. 
-ale,  -ario. 

tStaurare  ;=Seccare,  Assodare. 
Staz-a,  -are;  v.  Sta//-. 

*  Stazio  m.;  =  Stanza,  Abitazione. 

Stazionare  ind.  stazi6no  (Fr.  sta- 
tionner);  to  make  a  stay,  to  stop. 

Stazion-ario;  i.  as  E.     2.  i.g.  Stativo. 
Stazi6ney;  (L.);  as  E.     *square  on  a  chess- 
board. 

Stazza,  Staza/  (It.  staggio,  rod); 

1.  gauging-rule  for  measuring  the  ca- 
pacity of  a  cask  or  of  a  ship  ;   hence 

2.  the  tonnage  of  a  ship,  also  termed 
Stazzo. 

Stazzare ;  to  measure,  to  gauge.    - 
una  nave,  to  measure  a  ship's  tonnage. 

Stazzo  m.  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Stazzare); 
i.  taking  the  measurement  of  a  ship's 
tonnage.  2.  the  tonnage  itself,  the 
capacity. 

*(B)  (L.  statio);  — ,  or  Stasso,  standing-place  for 
sheep  to  be  folded  on  with  a  view  to  their  manure, 
v .  Stabbio  (i). 

•Stazzonare  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps <**ex-tac- 
tionare) ',  to  feel  over,  poke  about. 

*  Stazzone/".  (var.  of  Stazione)  ;=  Bottega,  shop. 
•Stea  ;  imperf.  of  Stare,  D.  Par.  31.  45. 

Stear-ina/,  -ico  ;  as  E.  (coined <  Gr.  ore'ap, 


. 
Steatite  f.;  (min.)  soapst 

m.  (Gr.,  v.  Stearina);  (med.)  as  E., 


tallow). 

Steatite  f.;  (min.)  soapstone. 

Steatdma 
a  fatty  tumour. 

Stecade  /.  (L.  staechas,  =  Gr.  (Troikas,  < 
O-TOIYO?,  a  row,  presumably  from  the  mode  of 
arrangement  of  the  flower-spike);  (tot.)  i.  — 
arabica,  French  lavender,  Lavandula  stoechas, 
also  termed  Stigadosso  medicinale.  2.  —  citrina, 
narrow-leaved  cudweed,  Gnaphalium  stofchast  also 
termed  Tignamica  salvatica,  Trespini,  Zolfini  sal- 
vatici. 

Ste'cca  /  (var.  of  Stecco);  i.  any 
kind  of  slat,  such  as  a  paper-knife,  rib 
of  a  fan,  billiard-cue,  piece  of  whale- 
bone in  stays,  thin  board  for  the  drum 


598 


STECCACCIA— STENTORE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

of  a  sieve,  foot-piece  of  a  spade,  fish- 
plate of  a  railway,  surgical  splint,  slat 
of  a  trellis  or  outside  shutter.  2.  (mus.) 
false  note. 

Stecc-accia  / ;  pegg.  -a.  Fare—, 
(a)  to  make  a  mis-cue  at  billiards,  (b)  to 
sing  out  of  tune. 

*  Steccadente  w.;  =  Stuzzicadente,  toothpick. 

Steccaia  /  ;  =  Stecconaia,  camp- 
shedding. 

Ste-ccare  ind.  stdcco  -cchi  ;  i.  to 
fence  in  with  a  palisade.  2.  to  put  a 
broken  limb  in  splints.  3.  to  cut  with 
a  paper-knife.  4.  -  -  lo  stracotto,  il 
rosbiffe,  to  pierce  little  holes  in  meat 
and  fill  them  with  spices.  5.  i.q.  Lar- 
dellare,  to  stuff  with  bacon.  6.  to  sing 
out  of  tune,  v.  Stecca  (2).  7.  to  fix  the 
fish-plates  on  a  railway  line. 

Stecc-arello  ;//. ;  dim.  -o.  -atayi;  i.q.  Stec- 
conata. 

Steccato  >«. ;  i.  palisade.    2.  lists. 

Stecc-atura/ ;  vbsb.  of -are.  *-heg- 
giare ;  to  beat  with  a  stick.  -b.6tto  m. ; 
dim.  of  -o.  Stare  a  -hetto,  to  fare  badly, 
be  poorly  supplied,  -hina  / ;  dim.  of 
-a. 

Stecchfn-0  m. ;  dim.  Stecco.  i.  Uno 
—  da  denti,  toothpick;  Un  mazzo  di  -i, 
a  bunch  of  toothpicks.  2.  =  Lapis,  pencil. 
3.  =  Zolfanello,  match. 

Stecch-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  knock 
down  dead,  kill  on  the  spot.  2.  part. 
-ito,  (a)  dead,  (6)  extremely  thin. 

Stucco  in.  (O.  H.G.  steccko,  post,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Stick);  i.  stick,  dead  twig. 
2.  prickle,  thorn.  3.  toothpick.  4.  Cam- 
pare  con  uno  —  unto,  i.e.  to  live  very 
poorly.  5.  sculptor's  moulding-stick. 

Stecc-ollna  / ;  dim.  of  -a.  -olito ; 
pop.  for  Stecchito.  -olo  m. ;  pop.  for  -o. 
-Ol6ne  m. ;  augnt.  of  -olo.  -oluto ;  full 
of  prickles. 

Steccon-aia  / ;  paling,  -are  ind. 
steccono ;  to  enclose  with  a  paling. 
-ata  /  or  -ato  m.,  i.q.  -aia.  -cello  m. ; 
dim.  of  -e.  -e  m. ;  augrn.  of  Stecca, 
esp.  (i)  the  long  cue,  at  billiards,  (2)  the 
top  and  bottom  slats  of  a  shutter  (larger 
than  the  others). 

tSteccorito  ;=  Intero,  Impettito. 

Steccuto  ;  =  Steccoluto,  prickly. 
Stedescare  ind.   stedesco ;    to    de- 
Germanise. 

Stefano;  Stephen.  (Corona)  di  Santo  — , 
Hungarian. 

*Stefito  ;  Pieno  — ,  =  Pieno  zeppo,  brim-full. 

Steganpgrafia  f.  (Gr.  aTfyavos,  covered) ; 
writing  in  cipher. 

Stegola/  (bit.  ** hasticuta,  dim.  of  L.  has/a, 
shaf t) ;  =  Bure,  plough-handle. 

Stel-a,  -e/.  (L.,<Gr.  ari^rj);  (ancient  arch.) 
pillar,  -ato,  (heraldic  plant)  with  a  stem  of  different 
colour. 

Stell-a  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Star) ; 
i.  star.  2.  Andare,  Mandare  alle  -e, 
i.e.  to  a  very  high  price.  3.  in  pi.,  star- 
shaped  paste  for  soup.  4.  one  of  the 
cards  at  Tarocchi.  5.  asterisk.  6.  rowel 
of  a  spur.  7.  (bot.)  (a)  —  d'  acqua, 
water-star,  Actinocarpus  damasonium, 


(b)  —  di  Betlemme,  star  of  Bethlehem, 
OrnitkogaUum  umbellatum,  (c)  —  di 
Betlemme  gialla,  star-grass,  Hypoxis 
erecta,  (d)  —  gialla,  dandelion,  v. 
Uente  (5,  c).  8.  (mar.}  —  d'  una  nave, 
sharpness,  v.  Stellato  (4).  9.  -  cali- 
bratoia,  a  steel  rose  for  testing  the 
internal  dimensions  of  a  gun.  10.  — • 
marina,  star-fish,  Asterias.  Aff.  -accia 
pegg.,  unlucky  star. 

•Stelladia  /.    (L.    stilla    dia,    divine    drop); 

nectar. 

Stellamdrta  /. ;  (mar.)  filling  pieces  in  the 
frame  of  a  ship. 

Stell-are  ;  i.  as  E.  As  ?•*.:  i.  to  fill  or  cover 
with  stars.  3.  part,  -ante,  glittering.  4.  -ato,  v. 
infra  in  loco. 

Stellaria  /  ;  (bot.)  the  stitchwort 
genus  of  plants. 

Stellat-o;  i.  starry.    2.  star-shaped. 

3.  (horse)  with  a  star  on  its  forehead. 

4.  Nave  -a,  sharp  at  the  bows. 

Stellatura  f. ;  i.  Forma  di  — ,  cross-spale, 
temporary  timber  holding  the  sides  of  a  wooden 
vessel  together  till  the  knees  have  been  fitted  and 
bolted  in  place.  i.  in  //.,  star-shaped  flaw  in 
timber,  also  termed  Zampe  di  gallo. 

Stelleggiare  ind.  stell<5ggio ;  to  orna- 
ment with  stars. 

Stell-<§tta/;  (A.)  dim.  Stella  (i)  or 
(5).  2.  i.q.  Luminello,  float  for  a  night- 
light. 

(B)  (ci'fn.  Proven9.  aslela,  Kr.  atttllt.  Span. 
astilla,  shortened  from  Astelletta,  dim.  <  L.  has- 
tula,  dim.  of  hasta,  v.  Asia) ;  (print.)  lead,  space- 
line. 

Stellettdne  m. ;  (bot.)  creeping  buttercup, 
Ranunculus  refens,  also  termed  Strascione. 

Stellicch-i,  -ini  m.  fl.\  stellate  paste  for 
soup. 

Stellina  f. ;  i.  dim.  Stella,  z.  in  >/.,  i.q. 
Stellicchini.  3.  (bot.)  (a)  —  ruvida,  quinsy-wort, 
Asperula  arvfnsis,  also  termed  Squinanzia ;  (b)  — 
odorosa  dei  boschi,  sweet-scented  woodruff,  Asperwla 
odorata,  also  termed  Asp-frula  odorosa  ;  (c)  — 
de*  tintori,  dyers'  woodruff,  Aspcrttla  tinctoria. 

Stellino;  with  a  star  on  the  fore- 
head. 

Stellionato  m.  (L.  steltionatus,  trickery,  < 
stellio,  knave,  root  ttel,  to  steal,  cf.  Irish  slat,  to 
rob,  L.  stlata,  pirate-ship,  Gothic  stilan,  to  steal) ; 
(leg.)  fraud  by  sale  of  property  of  which  the  vendor 
is  not  the  owner,  or  by  mortgaging  property  already 
mortgaged. 

Stellidne  in.  (L.);  stellion,  a  species  of  North 
African  lizard,  Stellio  vttlgaris,  termed  by  the 
natives  Hardun ;  its  Latin  name  of  stellio  is 
attributed  to  the  bright  spots  on  its  back. 

Stellone  m. ;  i.  an  iron  hoop  with 
three  spikes  to  keep  the  core  in  position 
when  casting  a  gun.  2.  the  dog-days. 
3.  extravagant  story,  canard. 

Stelluccia/:;  dim.  Stella. 

Stelo  m.  (var.  of  Stela) ;  stalk. 

*i.    axle,    D.    Purg.    8.    83.      ii.    axis,    D.    Par. 
13.  ii. 

Stemma  m. ;  i .  coat  of  arms.  2.  crest. 

Etynt.  L. ,  <  Gr.  (rrffn^a,  garland,  <  <rre'<£ii>,  to 
crown.  The  Romans  used  to  hang  strips  of  parch- 
ment adorned  with  wreaths  on  the  busts  of  their 
ancestors,  with  the  genealogy  of  the  family  written 
upon  them,  so  that  stemma  came  to  mean  a  genea- 
logical tree  or  the  title  of  a  family  to  noble  rank, 
and  so  passed  into  its  present  meanings  in  Italian. 

Stemmat-o  ;  (Carrozza)  -a,  painted  with  arms. 

Stemper-are  ind.  stempero  (///.  to 
take  away  the  temper  of  a  metal  by 
heat) ;  i.  to  moisten,  e.g.  gum,  to  make 
semi-liquid.  2.  fig,  II  pensiero  era  assai 
bello  ma  lo  ha  -ato  in  un  mar  di  chiac- 
chiere,  ...he  has  drowned  it....  3.  to 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

soften  metal  or  glass  by  heat.  4.  fig.  = 
Travagliare,  to  treat  harshly,  IX  Purg. 
30.  96. 

*-arsi,    to   be   spoilt.      Aff.    -amento,   -atamente, 
-atura. 

Stemperona  /  ;  great  misfortune. 

*  Stempiare  ;  to  lay  bare  the  temple  (forehead). 

Stempiato;  i.  bald  on  the  temples. 
2.  huge. 

Ktym.     In  sense  (i)<  It.  tempia,  q.v.    In  sense 
(2)  <  It.  tempio,  <  L.  temfius,  in  its  original  meaning 
of  enclosure,  "j.  Tempo. 
*Stemp-rare;  z'.  -erare. 

*  Stend-ale  «/.;  =  -ardo. 

Stendardo  m.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  esten- 
dart,  <  L.  extenders,  with  Germanic 
suffix  -ard,  very,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Standard, 
and  supra,  -ardo,  in  loco) ;  banner. 

*  Stendare  ;  to  strike  the  tents. 

Stend-ere  perf.  stesi,  part,  stdso 
(L.  extenders,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tend) ; 

1.  to  spread  out.     2.  to  extend;  —  la 
mano,  to  be  a  beggar.     3.   to  smooth 
out  wrinkles.     4.   —  il  passo,  to  walk 
fast.     5.  to  knock  down,  lit.  stretch  on 
the  ground.     6.    to  draw  up  (a  docu- 
ment) ;    -  -   il    bilancio,   to    strike    the 
balance   of  an   account.     7.    (mil.)   to 
extend.     8.  —  (le  panic),  to  take  down ; 
Ho  steso  perche  non  c'  e  uccelli,  I  have 
taken  down  the  traps  as  there  are  no 
birds  about.     (In  this  sense  the  S  is 
privative,    v.    S,    p.    521,    §  2.)     Aff. 
-ime'nto,  -itore. 

Stenditoio  m.  ;  drying-room  for 
olives. 

Stenebrare  ind.  stenebro ;  to  en- 
lighten. 

*  Stenere  ;  =  Distenere,  to  detain. 

*  Stenerire  ;  — Ammollire,  to  weaken. 

*  Stenguto  ;  =  Estinto,  Spento. 
Stenograf-are  (Gr.  crrei'd?,  narrow);   to  take 

down  in  shorthand.     Aff.  -ia,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o. 
Stent-acchiare  \freq.  of -are. 

Stent-are  ind.  stento  (either  <  **a6- 
stentare,  <  L.  abstinere,  or  <  ** ex-ten- 
tare,  to  try  greatly);  i.  to  be  half-starved. 

2.  —   a  fare,  to  have   great   difficulty 
over;    Fare  — ,  to   keep   waiting   for; 
Que'  po'  di  quattrini  me  Ii  fa  proprio 
— ,  he  is  a  most  unconscionable  time 
about  paying  me  that  little  sum.     Part. 
-ato:   3.  of  a  plant,  poor.     4.  of  work, 
laboured ;    Ne'  suoi  scritti   si  sente  lo 
— ,  his  style  is  laboured;    (Un  pane) 
-ato,  earned  with  great  difficulty. 

Aff.  'atamente,  -atezza,  -atfno  dim.  of  -ato, 
-atura. 

Stenterell-ata  f.\  action  of  a  -o.     Aff.  -esco. 

Stenterello  m. ;  a  "  mask  "  (v.  Mas- 
chera,  3)  of  the  Florentine  theatre, 
representing  a  half-starved  country 
bumpkin. 

tStentereno  ;  — Stentato. 

Stent-o  m.  (vbsb.  of  Stentare) ; 
i.  privations,  hardship.  2.  La  novella 
dello  — ,  v.  Novella  (5).  3.  Vivere  a 
— ,  to  live  a  life  of  hardship;  Ridere 
a  — ,  to  give  a  forced  laugh ;  A  —  a  — 
stava  zitto,  he  had  the  greatest  difficulty 
in  holding  his  tongue.  4.  as  adj.,  sync. 
for  Stentato,  stunted.  Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Stent-ore;  as  E.     Aff.  -dreo. 


STENTUCCHIARE— STILE 


599 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 


la    /   (naturalists'    Latin,  <  A.  S.    steam, 
nitn.)  sea-swallow,  tern,  also  termed  Ron- 


Stent-ucchiare  ;  frcq.  of  -are.  -ume  m. ; 
poor  specimen. 

Stenuare  ind.  stenuo ;  =  Estenuare,  to  make 
thin. 

Steppay.  (Russian  word);  as  E. 

St^rc-0,  pi.  -hi,  ;;/.  (L.);  excrement. 
AJf.  -or  a  ceo. 

Stercorario ;  i.  v.  Stereo.  As  s6.:  2.  =  Labbo 
maggiore,  skua.  3.  —  coda  lunga,  or  —  uiezzano, 
=  Gabbiano  nero,  Pomerine  skua. 

Stereograf-ia  f.  (Gr.  orcpcbs,  solid);  per- 
spective drawing.  Aff.  -ico. 

Stereometr-ia  /;  solid  geometry.  Aff.  -a 
writer  thereon,  -icamente,  -ico. 

Stereoscop-io  m.\  as  E.     Aff.  -icame'nte,  -ico. 

Stereotip-are,  -ia,  -ista;  as  E. 

Stereotomia  /.;  art  of  drawing  in  section. 

Sterg-are  ind.  stergo  (L.  tergere,  with  prefix 
s-t  for  the  change  of  conjugation  cp.  Sternato,  <  L. 
$Umere)\  to  draw  hay  into  windrows.  Aff.  -aio  or 
-ata,  windrow. 

Steril-e  (L.,  root  ster,  to  be  stiff,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sterile) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -ezza,  -ire,  -ita,  -izzare,  -mente. 

Sterlino  ;  Lira  -a,  or  -a  as  sb.f.,  pound  sterling. 

Etym,  English.  The  word  was  originally  a  sb. 
and  meant  a  coin  of  true  weight ;  the  name  is  either 
from  a  small  star,  A.S.  steorling,  as  on  some  coins 
of  William  II,  or  from  A.S.  steerling,  a  starling, 
referring  to  four  birds  stated  to  have  been  on  coins 
of  Edward  the  Confessor,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub 
Sterling. 

Stermin-abile,  -amento;  ?>.  -are. 

Stennin-are  ind.  stermino ;  i.= 
Esterminare,  to  destroy.  2.  to  ravage, 
-atam^nte  ;  enormously.  -at£zza  /  ; 
immensity,  -ato ;  immense,  endless. 
-at6re  m.  or  -atrice/ ;  v.  -are.  -azidne 
f. ;  destruction. 

Sterminfow.;  i.  destruction.  2.huge 
mass  ;  Un  simile  —  d'  uomo,  such  a  per- 
fectly enormous  man. 

Sterna 
tern) ;  (orn 

dine  di  mare.  Species:  i.  —  indiana,  =  Beccapesci 
oscuro,  sooty  tern.  2.  —  maggiore,  =  Beccapesci 
maggiore,  Caspian  tern.  3.  —  mezzana,  =  Becca- 
pesci, Sandwich  tern.  4.  —  minore,  =  Fralicello, 
lesser  tern.  5.  —  nera,  =  Mignattino  ali  bianche, 
white-winged  black  tern. 

*  Sternato  (L.  sternere^  to  throw  down);  pros- 
trate. 

*Sternerc  (L.);  i.  =Distendere,  to  stretch  out. 
»•  fig.  Lo  dicer  mio,  ch1  al  tuo  sentir  si  sterna,  ...that 
it  be  reduced  to  the  level  of  thy  comprehension,  D. 
Par.  it.  24.  iii.  =  Dichiarare,  to  explain. 

*Sternire;  i.  =  Ricuoprire,  to  cover  in.  ii.  = 
Abbattere,  to  belittle,  to  slight. 

Stcrno  m.  (A)(Gr.  <rrtpvovt  akin  to  L.  sternere, 
to  spread  out,  O.H.G.  stirna>  >Germ.  Stlrn,  fore- 
head); (anat.)  breast-bone. 

*(B)(L.  stcmcre);  bedding  for  cattle. 

tSternuto  w.;  =  Starnuto,  sneeze. 

Stero  m.  (Fr.  sttre,  coined  from  Gr.  orepeof, 
solid) ;  cubic  metre. 

Sterpacch-io  m. ;  i.  pegg.  Sterpo. 
2.  bunch  of  hair,  esp.  woman's;  Ha  due 
o  tre  -i  in  testa  e  ha  tanta  ambizione 
dei  capelli,  she  has  two  or  three  bunches 
of  hair  on  her  head,  and  is  ever  so  am- 
bitious about  the  way  of  doing  it. 

Sterpdglia/;  brushwood. 

8terpagn61a  /  ;  popular  name  for 
various  small  birds,  including  (i)  Mag- 
nanina,  Dartford  warbler,  (2)  Passera 
scopaiola,  hedge-sparrow,  (3)  Passera 
mattugia,  tree-sparrow. 

Sterpagndlo ;  stubby,  stunted. 
Sterpaio  m. ;  thicket,  brake. 
Sterpame  m. ;  heap  of  brushwood. 

Sterpare  ind.  stlrpo;  i.  to  clear  a 
wood  of  undergrowth,  v.  Sterpo.  2.  fig. 
to  uproot. 

Sterparbla/;  =  Sterpazzola  (i). 


Sterpazzola  /  ;  (ornith.)  i.  white- 
throat,  Sylvia  cinerea,  also  termed 
Macchetta,  Scoperagnola,  Silvia  cene- 
riccia,  Sterparola.  2.  —  sarda  or  — 
con  gli  occhiali,  spectacled  warbler, 
Sylvia  conspicillata. 

Sterpazzolina./;  (ornitk.)  subalpine  warbler, 
Sylvia  subalpina. 

*Sterp-e  m.\  v.  -o.     *-eto  m. ;  thorn-brake. 
Sterp-iccio  w.;  — Sterpame.   -igno;  =  Sterposo. 

Sterpo  m.  (Sterpe  m.  or/)  (var.  of 
Stirpe);  i.  stump,  stub.  2.  dead  or 
decaying  shoot,  esp.  from  a  stub. 
3.  tangled  clump  of  brushwood  and 
thorns. 

Sterp-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  -o.  *  =  Bastardo. 
-6so ;  v.  -o. 

Sterqui-llnio,  -Hno  m.  (L.,<  ster- 
cus);  dung-heap. 

Sterr-are  ind.  sterro ;  to  dig  out,  dig 
away.  Aff.  -ame-nto. 

Sterrato/«.;  i.  bare  earth.  2.  cause- 
way. 

Sterratdre  m. ;  excavator. 

Sterro  m. ;  excavation,  or  the  ma- 
terial excavated. 

tSterrompere  ;  =  Interrotnpere,  to  interrupt. 

t  Sterta  f.  (L.  sternere,  through  some  form 
**  sternita)  ;=Strato  di  covoni,  layer  of  sheaves 
laid  out  on  the  threshing-floor. 

Stert6re  rn.  (L.  stertere,  to  snore); 
stertorous  breathing. 

Sterz-are  ind.  sterzo  (A)  (It.  terzo); 
i.  to  divide  proportionately,  lit.  accord- 
ing to  the  rule  of  three ;  -atevi  che  qui 
siete  troppo  fitti,  distribute  yourselves 
over  the  ground,  you  are  standing  here 
too  thickly ;  —  i  colori  di  un  quadro,  to 
distribute  the  colouring  of  a  picture  in 
due  proportions.  2.  to  thin  out  (a 
plantation).  3.  in  a  tobacco-factory, 
to  make  a  proper  mixture  of  several 
qualities  of  tobacco.  4.  to  take  turns, 
e.g.  in  nursing;  -iamoci  e  facciamo  un 
po'  per  uno  ad  assistere  il  nostro  amico 
malatp,  let  us  divide  ourselves  and  each 
take  his  part  in  nursing  our  sick  friend. 
5.  to  distribute  one's  own  work ;  Quando 
si  hanno  molte  cose  da  fare  bisogna 
-arsi,  when  one  has  a  great  many  things 
to  attend  to  one  must  distribute  one's 
time  between  them  in  the  right  pro- 
portions. Similarly  of  one's  income, 
Bisogna  -arsi  secondo  1'  entrate,  ex- 
penditure must  be  adjusted  to  income. 

(B) ;  of  a  carriage,  to  turn,  v.  Sterzo. 

Aff.  -ata,  v.  -are  (A,  2),  -atura. 

Sterzo  m. ;  i.  wheel  plate  or  tran- 
som plate,  upon  which  the  forepart  of  a 
carriage  rests  and  which  turns  with  the 
front  pair  of  wheels.  2.  by  exl.,  gig. 
3.  Di  sotto  — ,  =  Di  sotto  mano,  secretly ; 
(Sigari  forestieri)  avuti  di  sotto  — , 
smuggled  in. 

Etym.  Germanic,  perhaps  <  O.H.G.  sturz, 
cover  for  a  pot,  cp.  sturzfn,  to  cover  by  turning 
over  upon  (vm-wertdend  betttckfti) ;  the  change  of 
vowel  may  be  due  to  the  influence  of  O.H.G.  sterz, 
tail. 

St^sa/  (It.  stendere);  sheet,  coat, 
e.g.  of  varnish. 

Stesame'nte;  at  full  length,  diffusely. 


Stesicoreo ;  of  Stesichorus,  the  Sicilian  Greek 
poet. 

Stessore;  to  unweave. 
St^sso   (L.  iste-ipse)  ;    same.     Egli 
— ,  he  himself. 

Stesura/;  drawing  up,  drafting. 

Stetoscop-io  m.  (Gr.  <rTr}0o»,  chest) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -ia. 

*  Stetturare  ;  to  wear  out  the  nipples. 

*  Stevola  f.  (dim.  <  L.  stiva,   plough-handle)  ; 
=  Stegola. 

tSti ;  short  for  Questi,  these. 

Sti-a/  (O.H.G.  stiga,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sty);  i.  hen-coop.  2.  fig.  prison.  Ajf. 
-accia  pegg. 

Stiacci-a,  -are,  -ata,  ecc. ;  v.  Schiacci-. 

Stiaccino  in. ;  (ortiitk.)  i.  whinchat,  Pratin- 
cola  ntbetra,  also  termed  Saltinsence,  Saltinvanghile, 
Stoppiarola.  2.  stonechat,  Pratincola  torqttftta. 

Stiacci6ne  m. ;  (prtiith.')  ~  Nottolone,  goat- 
sucker. 

Stiaffare ;   pop.   for    Schiaffare,    to 
slap,  slap  down.     Stiaffati  un  sasso  al 
collo,  fam.  hang   a  stone  round  your 
neck,  i.e.  go  and  drown  yourself. 
t  Stiampa  /. ;  =  Stiappa. 

Stiancia  / ;  (hot.}  reed,  v.  Sala  (C, 
a  to  c). 

Stianci-aio  m.  \  worker  with  reeds, 
e.g.  one  who  puts  a  reed-covering  on 
glass  vessels.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

*Stiancio  m.  ;~Scancio,  obliqueness. 

Stiare  (It.  stia) ;  to  coop  up. 
Stiatta/  ;pop.tor  Schiatta,race,kind. 

Stiattardo  m. ;  (prtiith.)  —  Strillozzo,  corn- 
bunting. 

Sti-att6ne,  -avo  ;  pop.  for  Schi-. 

Stibi-ato ;  prepared  with  antimony.  -co ; 
(cfiem.)  antimonial.  -o  m.',  antimony.  For  etym. 
v.  Antimonio. 

Sti-di6ne,  -ena  ;  pop.  for  Schi-. 

Stiepid-ire  iitti.  -isco  ;  to  warm. 

Stiera  f. ;  pop.  for  Schiera,  troop. 

Stietto  (A) ;  pop.  for  Schietto,  plain.  *(B) ;  steed. 
tStiezzay.;  =  Schieggia,  splinter. 

Stiftlius  m. ;  long  overcoat. 

*Stific-anza  f.\  \.  meaning,  ii.  promise,  ex- 
pectations, iii.  importance.  *-are,  =  Slgnificare. 

Stigaddsso  m. ;  (hot.)  —  medicinale,  French 
lavender,  v.  Stecade  (i). 

*  Stigare  ;=  Istigare,  to  instigate. 

Stige  m.  at  f.  (Htigge,  Stiggia/)  (Gr.,  cogn. 
crTv-ye'w,  to  hate) ;  Styx,  the  river  of  Hell. 

Stigli-are ;    to  separate  flax  fibres 
by  hand,  v.  Tiglio.     Aff.  -ame'nto. 
Stiglio   m.  ;     i.    vbsb.   of  Stigliare. 

2.  delicate  tool  of  any  kind. 

Stigli6ne   m. ;    i.    augm.    Stiglio.      2.    (mar.) 
cushioning  placed  to  protect  any  object  from  being 
worn  where  a  rope  passes  over  it. 
•Stigma/:;  in  pi.  =  Stimate. 
Stigmatizzare  ;  =  Stimatizzare. 

Stign-are;  i.  to  remove  the  Tigna, 
y.v.  2.  -arsi,  to  be  at  a  loss  what  to  do. 
+  =  Strigare,  to  unravel. 

tStigno  m. ;  tangled  skein  of  silk. 

*  StiTare  ;  —  come,  to  practise  the  style  of. 

Stil-e  m.  (A)  (L.  stilus,  for  **stig- 
lus,  root  3 tig,  v.  Stimatizzare);  i.  — , 
or  sometimes  Stilo,  the  ancient  writing- 
style  for  wax  tablets.  2.  style,  manner. 

3.  chronological   style ;    -  -   fiorentino, 
the  old  Florentine  style  of  reckoning,  in 
which   the  year  began  on  the  25th  of 
March.     4.  dagger,  usu.  Stiletto.     5.= 
Abetella,  scaffold-pole.    6.  =•  Stollo,  pole 
of  a  haystack.     7.  =  Specillo,  probe. 

•i.  handle,  e.g.  of  an  axe.     ii.  =Chiavistello. 
(B) ;  var.  of  Stilo  (B),  f.v.  (a)  and  (4). 


6oo 


STILETTARE— STIRPAME 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 


Stilett-are  ind.  stiMtto;  to  stab.     Aff.  -ata. 
Stil-etto  »;.;  i.  dim.  -e,  dagger.     2.  (id/.)  — 
d'  acqua,  water-soldier,  ».  Erba  (35). 

Stil  fbrme  ;  pin-shaped,  v.  Stile  (A,  i). 

one  m.  ;  =  Stellione. 

sta  m.\  master  of  style. 

Stic  -a_X  ;  science  of  teaching  style.    Aff.  -o. 


Stil 


_ 
ta  ^Gr. 


.          .     . 
,  pillar)  ;  living  on  the  top  of 


____  .  , 

a  pillar,  as  Simeon  Stylites. 

Stilla  /.  (L.,  dim.  of  stiria,  drop, 
properly  icicle,  root  star,  to  be  stiff)  ; 
drop. 

Still-are;  i.  to  drip.  2.  =  Distillare, 
to  distil.  3.  at  cards,  to  draw  out 
slowly.  4.  --or  -arsi  il  cervello,  to 
rack  one's  brains  ;  -ano  il  modo  di 
venire  a  capo  della  cosa,  they  are 
puzzling  how  to  get  to  the  end  of  it. 
5.  to  dawdle  ;  O  che  -a  ?  what  can  he 
be  dawdling  about?  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-atizio,  -azione. 

Stillicidio  m.  ;  dripping  of  water. 

Stillfno  ;  constantly  on  the  watch 
for  making  some  money,  v.  Stil- 
lare  (4). 

Still-0  m.;  (It.  stillare)  i.  still,  dis- 
tilling-vat.  2.  dodge,  v.  Stillare  (4)  ; 
Campar  di  -i,  to  live  by  dodges.  3.  at 
cards,  the  ace,  two,  or  three  of  any 
suit. 


paiono   una   fascia   di   — ,  hair   like  a 
bunch  of  heather. 

*i.  =  Stoppia,  stubble;  in  this  sense  perhaps<L. 
stipa,  a  variant  of  stuppa.  ii.  =  Porcile,  pig-sty, 
probably  because  lined  or  bedded  with  brushing*, 
iii.  pen,  e.g.  for  poultry,  iv.  fig.  Nella  —  della 
storia,  in  the  safe  keeping  of  history,  v.  swarm, 
mass  (of  serpents),  in  this  sense  a  vbsb.  of  Ital. 
stipare,  D.  Inf.  24.  82.  At  Inf.  ii.  3,  piu  crudele  — , 
may  either  be  "  mass  "  (of  sinners)  jn  still  worse  case, 

0  mil  ma  LI.  ,  u.  .  iLini.ii^.  Q^  —  may  be  taken  as  "prison,     cp.  nos.   il  to  iv 
Stimol-are  ind.  stimolo  (L.,  <  stimulus,  per-        above  .  (]lis  )ast  jnterpretation  is  perhaps  preferable. 

1  for  " stigmulus,^ formed  with  suffixes  -rnu,  -to,  Stipaibla  /. ;    (ornith.)  i.q.    Passera  scopina, 

hedge-sparrow. 

Stip-amacchie  m.  indecl.;  clearer,  brusher, 
•v.  -are. 

Stipare  (A)  (It.  stipa,  undergrowth); 
to  clear  a  wood  of  undergrowth,  to  brush 
it. 

(B)  (L.  stipare,  to  pack,  akin  to  Gr. 
oTK/jpos,  firm,  Lith.  staibus,  strong,  L. 
stipes,  post,  v.  Stipa) ;  to  pack  closely, 
cram. 

*  =  Circondar  di  stipa,  to  enclose  with  a  hedge. 

Stip-at6re  in. ;  i.?.  -amacchie.  -atura  /  ; 
vbsb.  of  -are. 

*Stipazione/;  =  Seguito,  Corteggio. 

Stipendi-are  ind.  stipendio  ;  to  hire,  -ario  ; 
mercenary. 

Stipendio  m.  (L.,<stifem,  fendo;  stipem  is 
akin  to  stipare,  meaning  determinate  amount,  r'. 
Stipulare;  for  pe ndo,  v.  Pendere ;  \\euccslipendiuin, 
lit.  weighing  out  an  agreed  sum)  ;  as  E. 

Stipeto  m.  (It.  stipa) ;  place  full  of 
undergrowth. 

Stipettaio  m. ;  cabinet-maker. 

Stipe'tt-o  dim.  vczz.,  -\nosub-diin.,  ofStipo. 
*Stipid-ire  and  derivatives ;  =  Stupid-. 

Stipin-o ;  Terra  -a,  =  Terra  scopina, 


Stim-,  Stigm-atizzare  ;  to  stigma- 
tise. 

Etym.  Gr.  oriyiuaTicX  <  oriyjia,  <  <m'£u,  to 
prick,  root  steig,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Stick,  and  infra, 
Stimolare. 

Stim-at6re  ;«.,  -atrice/. ;  appraiser, 
v.  -are. 

*  Stimite  f.  pl.;  =  Stimate,  stigmata. 
Stimmate ;  v.  Stimate. 

SI 

from  stig,  weak  grade  of  root  steig,  to  prick,  v. 
supra,  Stimatizzare) ;  i.  to  goad.  2.  to  stimulate. 
Aff.  -ativo,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Stimolo  in.;  i.  goad.  2.  stimulus.  3.  stimulant. 
tStimpanare;  =  Stordire,  to  deafen. 

Stinare  ;  to  empty  a  vat. 

*  Stinca  /.  (perhaps  <  Gothic  stigqan,  to  shove, 
akin   to   A.S.  stincan,  to  whirl   up,  but   the   sense 
hardly  tallies)  ;=Cima,  summit. 

Stincai61o  m. ;  prisoner,  v.  Stinche. 

Stinc-ata/  ;  blow  on  the  shin,  v.  -o. 

Stincatura  / ;  blow  or  bruise  on 
the  shin. 

Stinche  /  pi.  ;  the  old  prison  in 
Florence,  on  the  site  now  occupied  by 
the  Teatro  Pagliano,  for  debtors  and 
for  life  prisoners,  so  called  because  its 
first  occupants  came  from  a  place  of 
that  name,  belonging  to  the  Cavalcanti, 
in  the  Chianti  district. 


Stinchisecchi ;  nickname  for  a  thin 
Stil-O   m.   (A)   (var.   of   Stile,  A)  ;      person. 

1.  ancient  writing-style,  v.  Stile  (A,  i).  Stinc-0  m.  (O.H.G.  scinco,  v.  Skeat, 

2.  arm  of  a  steelyard.  suo  Shin) ;    i.  shin  ;  Non  essere  uno  — 

(B)  (L.  stylus,  <  Gr.  orOXor,  pillar) ;      di  santo,  to  make  no  pretence  at  saintli-      moorland, 
i     (hot )  style,  the  middle  part  of  the      ness ;    Rompere  gli  -hi  a  uno,  to  bore 

him  ;  Allungare  gli  -hi,  to  die.    2.  —  di 


pistil  of  a  flower,  which  bears  the 
stigma.  2.  i.q.  Stile  (B,  i),  pin  of  a 
dial.  3.  (arch.),  (a)  shaft  of  a  column, 
(6)  central  axis  of  a  spiral  staircase, 
newel,  (f)  scaffold-pole.  4.  (mar.)  -i 
della  volta  di  poppa,  counter  timbers, 
lower  stern-timbers. 

Stim-a  /  ;  i.  valuation  ;  -e  morte 
(vive),  valuation  of  the  dead  (live)  stock 
of  a  farm.  2.  esteem.  3.  Non  fare  - 
d'  una  cosa,  to  reckon  nothing  of  it ; 
Fare  —  di,  to  count  upon,  depend  upon. 
4.  (mar.)  dead  reckoning. 

Stimabil-e  ;  estimable.     Aff.  -ita. 

Stim-are;  i.  to  make  a  valuation; 
Quanto  lo  -ereste  voi  quest1  orologio? 
what  would  you  value  this  watch  at? 
Faccia  —  i  danni  ed  io  paghero,  have 
the  damage  assessed  and  I  will  pay  for 
it.  2.  to  esteem.  3.  to  judge ;  Lo  stimo 
un  briccone,  I  consider  him  a  rogue. 
4.  intr.  to  judge ;  -o  che  le  cose  non 
siano  diverse  da  quelle  che  ho  detto, 
I  believe  the  matter  stands  as  I  have 
said.  5.  (mar.)  v.  Stima  (4). 

Etynt.  L.  aestimare  (where  -imare  is  suffix), 
akin  to  Gothic  aistan,  to  respect,  Gr.  alSo^m,  to 
respect,  the  s  dropping  out  after  the  long  vowel, 
root  aisdo,=ais+do,  to  give.  Ais  corresponds  to 
A.S.  ar  and  to  O.H.G.  era,  >Germ.  Ehre,  honour. 

Stimate,  Stimmate  f.  pi-;  i-  stig- 
mata of  St  Francis  and  other  saints. 
2.  by  ext.,  marks  of  old  bruises. 

Stimatin-o    m.,    -a  f.;    one   of  the   Order 
founded  in  the  nineteenth  century  by  Anna  Lapml, 
a  poor  woman  of  Florence,  who  had  the  stigmata. 
*  Stimativa  / ;  faculty  of  judging. 

Stimativo;  capable  of  judging. 


morto,  a  kind  of  sweetmeat  made  at 
Perugia,  resembling  bones. 

Stlngere  perf.  stinsi,  part,  stinto  ; 
i.  to  fade.  2.  fig.  to  change  in  charac- 
ter; Non  stinge  mai,  he  is  always  the 
same.  3.  tr.  to  deprive  of  colour. 

*  i.  fig .  to  discredit,  blacken,    ii.  to  remove  (dirt), 
D.  Purg.  i.  96. 

*  Stinguere  ;  i.  =  Estinguere.     n.  =  Distmguere. 

Stintignare  (It.  stinto,  >  ** stin- 
tigno,  on  the  model  of  Vite  >  vitigno, 
Male>maligno,  through  L.  malignus) ; 
to  hesitate,  boggle  over  doing  a  thing. 
t  =  Dimenare. 

Stinto  ;  part,  of  Stingere  and  Stin- 
guere. *=Istinto. 

Stio  (L.  aestivus);  Lino  — ,  summer  flax. 

Stiocc-are  iad.  sti&cco;  pop.  for  Schioccare,  to 
pop  off,  come  out  with.     Aff.  -o  sb. 
fStibcco  >«.;  =  Scoppio. 

Stiopp-etto  rti. ',  dint.  -o.  —  di  sambuco,  pea- 
shooter. 

Stidppo  m.\  pop.  for  Schioppo,  gun. 

Stioro  m.,  with  pi.  f.  stiora  (contr. 
of  Staioro);  (hist.)  the  fourth  part  of  a 
Staioro  or  as  a  measure  of  area,  the 
ground  requiring  that  quantity  of  seed. 
Later  it  was  the  same  as  a  Staioro. 

Stipa/  (L.  stipes,  stem  or  branch  of 
a  tree,  perhaps  influenced  in  meaning 
by  its  Latin  dim.  stipula,  stalk,  e.g.  of 
a  bean-plant ;  stipes  is  from  a  root  mean- 
ing "to  stiffen,"  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Stiff); 
brushwood,  heather,  or  the  like,  whether 
growing  or  cut.  Bosco  netto  di  — , 
wood  without  any  undergrowth.  Grana- 
tini  di  — ,  heather  brooms.  Capelli  che 


Stipite  m.  (L.,  -v.  Stipa);  i.  door- 
post. 2.  (bot.)  stem  without  branches 
but  crowned  with  fronds,  as  that  of  a 
palm.  3.  stock,  in  genealogical  sense. 

*  i.  =  Pedale,  Tronco,  trunk.     ii.  =  Stupido.     iii.  = 
Palo. 

tStipito;  =  Stip.ito,  crammed. 

Stipo  m.  (vbsb.  of  Stipare) ;  cabinet, 
e.g.  for  jewels  or  coins. 

Stipola/  (I,,  stipula,  dim.  of  stipes);  (bot.) 
stipule. 

*Stipula/;  =  Stoppia,  stubble. 

Stip-ulare,  -olare  ind.  stipulo  (L.,  from  the 
L.  stem  stif-,  v.  Stipa);  as  E.  Aff.  -nlazione. 

Stiracchi-are  (dim.  of  Stirare  in 
sense  to  draw  out);  i.  to  haggle  over 
the  price  of  a  thing ;  —  la  vita,  to  earn 
a  miserable  livelihood.  2.  to  quibble, 
cavil.  3.  tr.  to  pull  about  (an  author's 
meaning),  wrench  it. 

Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atamente,  -atura,  -eria, 
-o  sb. 

Stir-am6ntu  m. ;  I.  vbsb.  Stirare. 
2.  (med.)  rheumatic  contraction  of  the 
tendons,  or  muscles,  esp.  of  the  face. 

Stir-are  ;  i.  to  stretch  out  to  the 
full  extent.  2.  -arsi,  to  stretch  oneself 
on  waking  from  sleep.  3.  to  iron  (linen). 
4.  -arsi,  of  a  rope,  to  stretch. 

Aff.  -atoio  flat-iron,  -atora  laundress,  -atura, 
-eria  laundry  establishment. 

Stirice  ;«.(E.  word  Italianised);  (mar.)steerage. 

Stirizzirsi  ind.  mi  stirizzisco ;  to  get 
rid  of  stiffness,  v.  Intirizzire. 

Stirpaccia  /  ;  wretched,  degraded 
offspring. 

Stirpagnblo ;  =  Sterpagnolo,  stunted. 

Stirp-ame,  -are;=Sterp-. 


STIRPE— STOMATITE 


60 1 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

mat  inside  the  principal  door  of  a  flat. 
2.  —  a  persiana,  Venetian  blind,  cp. 
Stoia  (2). 

Stbla/  (L.,  <  Gr.  o-roAr/,  equipment, 
<<rre'XAo>,  to  equip);  I.  (eccl.)  stole,  a 
narrow  vestment,  usu.  black  silk,  fringed 
at  the  ends,  sometimes  coloured  accord- 
ing to  the  season,  worn  by  bishops  and 
priests  in  the  Roman  Church  during 
Mass.  2.  outer  garment  of  an  ancient 
Roman  lady.  3.  chorister's  surplice. 
4.  (herald.)  an  ordinary  shewing  a  fringed 
scarf. 

Stolato ;  i.  wearing  a  stole.  2.  (herald,) 
(animal)  with  a  band  of  a  different  colour  round  the 
body. 

St61id-o  (L.,  akin  to  stultns,  v.  Stolto) ;  as  E. 
A {p.  -aggtne,  -amente,  -etto  dim.,  -e*zza,  -ita,  -one 
augm. 

Stollo  m.\  i.  pole  round  which  a 
hay-stack  is  built.  2.  fig.  lanky  person. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  stollo,  pedestal,  prop  (>  Germ. 
Stalk,  prop),  akin  to  Germ.  Stall,  stellen,  E.  stall, 
root  stal,  to  set  firm ;  cp.  Sanskr.  sthflnA,  pillar,  Gr. 
trruAos,  pillar,  v,  Stolto. 

Stpldne  m.  (A)  (augm.  Stola);  gilt 
embroidery  on  a  cope. 

(B)  (L.  stolo,  sucker,  perhaps  akin 
either  to  stultus  or  to  stellio,  knave,  v. 
Stellionato) ;  trailing  branch  of  dog- 
grass. 

Stoltil6quio  m.\  stupid  talk. 
*  Stolto  ;  part.  Stogliere. 

St61t-o  (L.  stultus,  akin  to  slolidus, 
perhaps  akin  to  O.H.G.  stilli,  quiet, 
root  stal,  to  set  fast,  v.  supra,  Stollo, 
and  Skeat,  sub  Stall) ;  stupid. 

Aff.  -amente,  -ezza,  -izia. 
fStolzare  ;=Balzare,  to  jump. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Eniilian  dial,  stalossdr,  Tyrolese 
sttflz,  a  jump,  <  bit.  **  extolittiare,  to  trot,  <  L. 
tolutaritts,  trotting,  <  the  stem  of  tol-lere,  to  raise 
(viz.  the  feet),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Trot. 

Stomac-accio  m.  ',  pegg.  -0,  troublesome 
stomach. 

Stomacare  ind.  stomaco;  i.  to  pro- 
duce nausea.  2.  fig.  to  disgust. 

Stomach.e'vol-e ;  disgusting.  Aff. 
-me'nte. 

Stomachfno  m. ;  i.  delicate  stomach. 

2.  flannel  chest-preserver.     3.  a  sort  of 
sweetbread  attached  to  the  spleen  and 
liver. 

Stbmaco  m.  (L.,  =  Gr.  o-To/ja^or,  both 
meaning  orig.  the  gullet,  later,  the 
stomach  ;  Oro/*<i,  mouth  ;  for  the  suffix, 
cp.  Kvpfiaxos,  helmet,  <  icv/i/Sr/,  pot) ; 
I.  stomach.  2.  Contro  — ,  unwillingly. 

3.  Dar  di  — ,  to  retch;    Mi  fa  — ,  it 
makes  me  retch.    4.  Lo  —  lungo,  great 
hunger. 

*i.  tripe,     ii.  Sopra — ,  =  Contro — .    iii.  Portare 
sopralo — ,todislike.   iv.  Sdegnodello  —  ,  =  Nausea. 

Stomacdne  m.  \  augm.  overloaded 
stomach. 


Stirpe  /  (L.  stirps) ;  race,  stock, 
family. 

*  Stirpeto  m.;  i.q.  Sterpeto,  tangle  of  bushes. 
*Stiticitay?;  i.  costiveness.     ii.  bitter  or  sharp 

taste. 

Stiti-co  (L.  <  Gr.,  -v.  Skeat,  sub 
Styptic) ;  i.  costive.  2.  fig.  as  in  E., 
sour-tempered,  crusty,  surly. 

Aff.  -caggine,  -camente,  -care,  -cheria,  -chezza, 
usu.  in  ///.  sense,  constipated  habit,  >cuccio  dint. 

*  Stituire  ;  =  Istituire. 
Sti-uma,  -umare  ;  pop.  for  Schi-. 
Stiumino  m.\  skimming  ladle. 

Stiva/  (A)  (L.,  v.  Stizza,  B,  etym.) ; 
i.q.  Stegola,  plough-handle. 

(B)  (vbsb.  of  Stivare) ;  i.  (mar.) 
ship's  hold.  2.  (paperm.)  pile  of  sheets. 

Stivaggio  m. ;  (mar.}  stowage. 

Stival-accio  m.;  pegg.  of  -e.  -aio  ;«. ;  boot- 
maker. 

Stivalare  ind.  stivalo;  scherz.  to  put  boots 
upon,  e.g.  on  a  cat. 

Stivalata./;  blow  with  a  boot. 

Stival-e  m.  (L.  aestivale,  orig.  there- 
fore, summer  shoe);  i.  boot.  2.  —  a 
tromba,  high  boot,  Wellington  boot. 

3.  Mezzo  — ,  Derby  boot,  just  covering 
the   ankle.     4.  =  Minchione,   numskull. 

5.  Rompere  gli  -i  a  uno,  to  bore  him. 

6.  De'  miei  -i,  spreg.  Dottore  de'  miei 
-i,    rotten    sort    of   doctor ;    Seccatore 
de'  miei  -i,  frightful  bore;   Giramento 
di  -i,  tiresome  proceeding.     7.  Ungere 
gli  -i  a  uno,  fig.,  as  in  E.,  to  fawn  upon 
him.    8.  Prov.  Non  sapere  quanti  piedi 
entri  in  uno  — ,  to  be  grossly  ignorant, 
lit.  not  to  know  how  many  feet  go  into 
one  boot,  with  a  play  upon  Piede  as  a 
measure  of  length.     t  =  Caprisco,  sea- 
hog  (fish). 

Stivaleria^;  piece  of  stupidity. 

Stivalettino  m. ',  dim.  vezz.  baby's  boot. 

Stival-etto  m.;  dim.,  i.q.  Mezzo  -e,  boot. 

Stival-ino  m.;  dint.  vezz.  child's  boot.  -6ne 
m. ',  augm. ,  e.g.  rough  boot  to  wear  over  another 
boot,  stable  boot,  jack  boot. 

*  Stivamente  ;  =  Astivamente,  hastily. 

Stiv-are  (doublet  of  Stipare)  ; 
i.  (mar.)  to  stow.  2.  =  Ammassare,  to 
heap  up.  3.  to  pack,  e.g.  sardines. 

4.  to  cram,  e.g.  a  room  with  furniture. 

5.  —  in  verde,  to  pack  in  a  damp  state, 
or  in  a  damp  place. 

Aff.  -ainento,  -atore  stevedore,  -atura. 
*Stiviere  m. ;  =  Calzaretto,  shoe, 
t  Stivola  /.;= Stiva. 

tStizo  m.  (bit.  "stizut,<Gt.  irrifco,  to  prick); 
a  species  of  wasp. 

Stizz-a  /  (A)  ;  anger,  -v.  -are. 
t  =  Moccolaia. 

(B);  pope's  nose,  fleshy  part  of  a 
bird's  tail. 

Etym.  In  sense  (Ii)  trot.  <  O.H.G.  sliuz 
(>  Germ.  Steiss,  rump),  akin  to  Dutch  stuit, 
attributable  to  a  Germanic  root  stiwot,  ultimately 
akin  to  L.  Stiva,  plough-tail. 

Aff.  to  (A)  -erella  -etta  dims.,  -ina  child's  anger. 
•Stizz-are  intr. ;  =  -ire. 
•Stizziare  ;=Attizzare,  to  stir. 

Stizz-ire  ind.  -isco  (bit.  **extitiare, 
<  L.  titio,  -v.  Tizzo) ;  to  make,  or  be- 
come, angry. 

Stizz-o  m. ;  =  Tizzo,  firebrand.  Aff. 
-6ne. 

tStizzolare;  to  snuff  (a  candle). 

Stizz6s-o  (It.  stizza);  angry.  Aff. 
-accio pegg.,  -ame'nte,  -e^to  -fno  dims. 

H. 


*Sto;  =  Questo. 

St6ay:  (Gr.,  it.  Skeat,  sub  Stoic);  i.  one  of 
the  treasure-houses  at  Delphi.  2.  portico  at  Athens 
where  Zeno  taught. 

Stoccafiss-o    m.   (Dutch   stokvisch, 

<  stock,   stick,  +  visc/i,   fish,   i.e.   dried 
fish) ;    stock-fish,   dried    cod   or   other 
fish   (drier    than    Baccala).     Aff.   -ato 
wizened. 

Stoccarda ;  (geogr.)  Stuttgart,  in 
Wiirtemberg. 

Stoccat-ayT ;  I.  thrust,  with  a  rapier 
or  point  of  a  sword,  v.  Stocco.  2.  fig. 
vicious  stab ;  Qualche  -  -  e  sempre 
pronta  e  da  lui  c'  e  da  aspettarsela, 
people  are  always  ready  to  run  a  knife 
into  one,  and  he  is  just  the  man  to 
do  it.  3.  fig.  application  for  money  ; 
Questo  discorso  minaccia  una  — ,  this 
means  he  is  going  to  beg.  4.  Stare 
sulle  -e,  to  be  on  the  look-out  for  one's 
opportunity.  Aff.  -ella  -ina  dims. 

Stoccheggi-are  ind.  stocchdggio ;  to 
thrust,  v.  Stoccata.  Andare  -ando,  to 
parry,  fig.  to  be  on  one's  guard. 

Stocchetto  m.;  dint.  Stocco. 

St6-CCO,  //.  -cchi,  m.  (cogn.  bit. 
stochits,<. O.H.G.  stock,  a  stump,  cp. 
A.S.  stocc,  >E.  stock,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Stock);  i.  rapier,  esp.  in  a  sword-stick. 
2.  sword-stick.  3.  stalk,  e.g.  of  maize ; 
Far  lo  — ,  of  grain,  to  shoot  up. 
4.  (Uomo)  di  — ,  resolute. 

*i.  =  Stollo.      ii.  =  Ceppo,    genealogical    stock, 
iii.    shaft  of  a  spear. 

t  Stoccofic,  Stoccofisso  tn.  ;=  Molva,  ling  (fish). 

Stocolma;  (geogr.)  Stockholm. 

Stbff-a/;  i.  silk  or  muslin  stuff,  of 
good  quality ;  "  Pezza  di  tessuto  da 
panni,  o  mobilia,  piuttosto  fine;  non  si 
dice  di  frustagno,  vergatino,  e  simile, 
ne  di  velluto"  (Petrocchi).  2.  fig.  good 
material,  in  a  boy,  from  the  teacher's 
point  of  view. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  estopke,  Span,  and  Portug. 
estofa,  of  disputed  origin.  Diez  suggested  that  these 
words  were  due  to  a  Germanised  pronunciation  of  L. 
stuppa,  tow,  but  this  does  not  account  very  satisfac- 
torily for  the  sense  and  is  not  accepted  either  by 
Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetter  (Diet.  Fran9-,  under 
Etoffe)  or  by  Kluge  (Dtsch.  etym.  Wtbch.),  who 
writes  (under  Stojff),  "Staff  first  appears  as  modern 
German  and  together  with  Dutch  */<*/"  and  E.  stuff 
is  from  the  Romance  word."  See,  however,  Skeat, 
sitb  Stuff,  Stop,  where  he  makes  out  a  pretty  good 
case  for  Diez's  view.  For  stuppa  v.  infra,  Stoppa. 

Stoffare  (It.  stoffa) ;  to  paint  a  back- 
ground imitating  silk  or  other  fine  stuff. 

Stoff-6tta  dim.,  -ettfna  sub-dim.,  of -a. 

*  Stoffo  tit.  (Germ.  Staff)',  matter,  material. 
Stogarsi ;  scherz.  to  abandon  one's  gown. 

*  Stogeio  /«. ;  ceremony,  fussing. 

*  Stogliere  (Storre)  ;  to  remove. 

Stbia/  (cogn.  Fr.  store,  Span,  estera, 

<  L.  storea,  rush  mat,  akin  to  Sternere, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Strew);   i.  mat,  hassock, 
of  straw  or  cane ;  —  di  sparto,  esparto- 
grass  mat.     2.  sun-blind  made  of  mat- 
ting.    3.  ceiling  made  of  woven  reeds. 

Stoi-are  ind.  stbio  st6i  st6ia ;  to 
spread  mats.  Palco  -ato,  ceiling-frame 
covered  in  with  a  net-work  of  interlaced 
canes  or  reeds. 

Stoic-amente,  -ismo,  -o ;  as  E.,  r.  Stoa. 

Stolno  m.;    I.  dim.  Stoa,  esp.  the 


Stomac6s-o ;  most  disgusting, 
-ame'nte. 


Aff. 


Stomac-uccio,  -uzzo  m.  ;  i.  dim. 
spreg.  of  -o.  2.  person  with  bad  di- 
gestion. 

Stomatico  (for  Stomachico) ;  sto- 
machic, tonic. 

Stomatite/;  i.  (med.)  as  E.  2.  — 
epizootica,  foot-and-mouth  disease. 

76 


6O2 


STOMBACO— STOVIGLIE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word 

on  finding   that   a   thing   is  worn  out. 
5.  sulphur  candle  for  fumigation. 

Stoppi6ne  m.;  (tot.)  i.  corn-thistle,  v.  Scar- 
diccione  (4).  2.  Italian  thistle.  3.  welted  thistle. 
V.  Cardo  (i,  a  and  V). 


tSt6mbaco  w.;  =  Stomaco. 
*  Stombolo  ;=Trottola,  top. 

Stonacare  ind.  stonaco;  to  remove 
the  whitewash. 

Ston-are  ind.  stono;  i.  to  sing  or 
play  out  of  tune.  2.  =  Sbalordire,  to 
upset,  bewilder.  Aff.  -amento,  -atura, 
-azione. 

Stondare  ind.  st6ndo ;  to  make 
round. 

Stonicchiare ;  to  be  slightly  out  of 
tune. 

Stonio  m. ;  singing  all  out  of  tune. 

St6pp-a  (Scioppa)/  (L.  stttppa,  tow, 
either  borrowed  from  or  cogn.  with  Gr. 
(rrvirri,  tow,  root  stup,  to  harden,  v. 
Stipa);  i.  tow.  2.  oakum.  3.  (Mani, 
Cervello,  Legge,  Uomo)  di  — ,  of  no 
account  or  worth.  4.  fain,  tough  meat. 

5.  Fare  —  d'  uno,  to  treat  him  roughly. 

6.  Far  la  barba  di  —  a  uno,  to  play  off 
some  trick  upon  him ;  Credete  di  farla 
a  me,  ma  ve  la  fate  per  voi  la  barba 
di   — )   you   think   you   are   playing   a 
game  upon  me,  but  it  is  yourself  you 
are  scoring  off.     7.  as  a  sort  of  adv.,  E 
io  — ,  i.e.  I  intend  to  have  my  revenge  ; 
E  in  una  gran  miseria  Carlo  ;   E  suo 
fratello  — ,  and  his  brother  is  worse  off 
still.    8.  pop.  for  Sbornia,  fit  of  drunken- 
ness.   9.  the  name  of  a  famous  brigand. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Stoppabuchi  m.  indecl.  ;  i.  wad, 
tow.  2.  fig.  stop-gap. 

Stopp-accio,  -acciolo  m. ;  wad,  e.g. 
for  a  gun. 

Stopp-are  ind.  st6ppo;  i.  to  plug. 
2.  part,  -ato,  drunk. 

St  opparola  f. ;  =  Stoppiarola. 
Stopparudlo  m. ',  (mar.)  scupper  nail. 

Stoppeggiare  ind.  stoppeggio ;  to 
rub  with  oakum. 

Stoppettlna  /;  dim.  Stoppa,  fine 
tow. 

St6ppia/  ;  stubble.  Esser  la  gran- 
dine  sulla  — ,  i.e.  to  produce  much  noise 
with  little  damage. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  estobla,  old  Fr.  estoMe 
(>  Fr.  tteule,  formerly  tUwl*t  and  E.  stubble),Germ. 
Stoppel,  apparently  a  confusion  between  O.H.G. 
stupfild  and  late  L.  stupnla,<^.  stipula,  all  meaning 
stubble.  Stipiila  is  dim.  of  stipes,  v.  Stipa,  stupjild 
may  be  <  O.H.G.  stuff,  a  prickle,  or,  as  Kluge 
remarks  (Dtsch.  etym.  Wtbch.  sub  Stopped),  may 
have  been  borrowed  at  an  early  date  from  L.,  like 
Flegel,  Sichel,  Wanne  <flagellum,  secula,  vannus  • 
in  any  case  stnpfila  and  stipula.  are  ultimately  both 
from  the  same  root,  stap  or  stup,  to  stand  up,  an 
offshoot  of  the  great  root  sta. 

Stoppiardla  f.;  (ornith.)  whinchat,  v.  Stiac- 
cino. 

Stoppinare  ind.  stoppfno;  i.  to  fix 
the  priming  match,  e.g.  to  fireworks. 

2.  to  plug  the  interstices  of  doors  or 
windows,  so  as  to  prevent  a  draught. 

3.  to  fumigate  a  cask. 
Stoppiniano ;  Latino  — ,  dog- Latin, 

v.  Stoppino. 

Stoppini^ra  /. ;  holder  for  a  taper. 

Stoppino  m. ;  l.  =  Lucigno!o,  wick. 
2.  wax  taper.  3.  Frate  — ,  ignorant 
person.  4.  Addio  — ,  a  phrase  used 


Stopp-6ne,  -6so ;  dry,  tasteless,  lit. 
made  of  tow. 

Storace  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  of  Syrian 
origin) ;  i.  gum  storax.  2.  —  bianco 
or  in  lagrime,  liquid  storax,  a  product 
of  Liquidambar  styratiflua. 

*  Stor-are  ;  =  Ristprare.     *-ato  ;  =  Storiato. 

*  Storberio /;/.;  disturbance. 

St6rc-ere  ind.  st6rco  -i,  perf.  storsi, 
part,  storto;  i.  to  wrench,  wrest,  twist, 
distort.  2.  to  unravel  (a  rope).  3.  -ersi, 
to  writhe.  4.  part,  storto,  v.  infra  in 
loco.  *-ersi  contro,  to  oppose. 

Storcicdllow.;  (oruilh. )  =  TorcicoIlo,  wryneck. 

Storci-m^nto  »/.,  -tura/ ;  vbsbs.  of 
Storcere. 

Stord-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  stun,  be- 
wilder. 

Etym.  unkn.  Cogn.  Fr.  ttourdir,  Span,  atordir, 
corresponding  to  a  bit.  **  extordire,  the  guesses  at 
the  source  of  which  are  (i)  L.  turdus;  the  thrush 
seems  to  have  been  regarded  as  a  silly  bird,  cp.  the 
Fr.  soul  comme  tine  grille;  and  in  old  Fr.  estordir 
was  applied  particularly  to  getting  drunk  ;  (2)  L. 
torpidus  (Diez) ;  (3)  L.  tnrbidus  ;  (4)  Celtic  tiurdd 
(in  Welsh)  thunder ;  (5)  O.H.G.  "sturlian,  a  form 
evidenced  by  Germ,  stamen,  to  throw  down,  which 
might  produce  a  bit.  **  sttirdire. 

Aff.  Stordit-accio  blunder-headed,  -aggme, 
-amente,  -ello,  -ezza  i.q.  -aggine.  Cp.  -o. 

Stord-ito;  \.part.-vct.  2.  as  adj., 
dizzy.  3.  thoughtless,  giddy-headed. 
*  (teeth)  set  on  edge. 

St6ri-a/  (L.  historia,  <  Gr.  iaropia, 
<  io-Top-,  stem  of  la-rap  for  **f  iSrwp, 
knowing,  root  weid,  to  see,  hence  to 
know,  as  in  E.  wit) ;  i.  history. 
2.  story. 

Af.  -accia  pegg.,  -aio  or  -aro  story-teller,  -are 

1.  =  Istoriare   to  embellish,  strictly,   with   historical 
figures,  2.  Mr.    to  stand  waiting  about,  -came'nte, 
-co   historic,   -ella  dim.,  -ellina  sub-dim.,  -ografia, 
-ografico,  -ografo. 

Storidne  m.  (bit.  sturio,< O.H.G. 
sturjo,  sturgeon,  lit.  disturber,  <  storen, 
to  disturb) ;  sturgeon,  Acipenser. 

*  St  orlomia  f. ;  —  Astronomia. 

•Stormento  m.;  =  Strumento. 

Storm-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  rustle. 

Stormo    m.;    i.     flock    (of    birds). 

2.  crowd ;   Guarda   che   —  di  ragazzi 
innanzi  alia  chiesa,  look  what  a  mass 
of  boys  there  is  in  front  of  the  church. 

3.  in   bell-ringing  ;  Sonare   a  —  =  a 
martello,   to   ring   the   alarm,  v.   Mar- 
tello  (5).     *  battle. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  sturm,  akin  to  E.  storm,  <  the 
same  root  as  stir,  cp.  derm,  storen.  In  meaning 
Stormo  may  have  been  influenced  by  It.  torma, 
crowd,  but  the  two  words  are  not  akin. 

Stornacchi-are ;  to  hawk  up  phlegm. 
Aff.  -o  s&. 

Stornare  ind.  st<5rno;  i.  to  turn 
aside.  2.  to  dissuade.  3.  —  il  latte, 
to  stop  lactation.  4.  intr.  to  run  back- 
wards, as  a  carnage  on  a  steep  hill. 
5.  at  billiards ;  —  colla  palla  propria, 
to  screw  one's  ball  back.  6.  — •  una 
partita,  to  cancel  an  entry  in  a  ledger 
and  transfer  it  elsewhere. 


,•  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Stornellare  ind.  stornello;  to  sing 
Stornelli. 

Storn611-0  m. ;  I.  =  Storno,  star- 
ling. 2.  ditty  of  three  lines,  the  first 
being  of  five  syllables,  often  beginning 
with  the  name  of  a  flower,  and  rhyming 
with  the  third.  3.  as  adj.,  i.q.  Storno. 
*  =  Trottola,  top.  Aff.  -etto,  -fno,  dims. 

*  Stornimento  m. ;  dizziness. 

Storno  m.  (A) ;  i.  vbsb.  of  Stornare. 
2.  space  necessary  for  turning  furniture 
round;  Sara  impossibile  passare  con 
questo  pianoforte  per  le  scale  perchfe 
non  c'  £  — ,  it  will  be  impossible  to  get 
this  piano  up  the  stairs,  as  there  is  not 
enough  room  to  turn  it  round.  3.  lot- 
tery-ticket left  on  the  counter  or  bought 
by  the  lottery  clerk  on  his  own  account, 
which  may,  therefore,  be  bought  out- 
side the  regular  course.  *  As  adj.,  sub- 
ject to  dizziness. 

(B)  (L.  sturnus,  akin  to  O.H.G. 
stara  and  A.S.  stear,  >  E.  stare,  the  old 
name  of  the  bird,  starling  being  a 
diminutive);  (ornith.)  I.  starling,  Stur- 
nus vulgaris,  also  termed  —  comune, 
Stornello.  2.  —  nero,  unspotted  star- 
ling, Sturnus  unicolor.  3.  —  roseo, 
rose-coloured  pastor,  Pastor  roseus,  also 
termed  Merlo  roseo,  Storno  marino  or 
terreo,  Tordo  roseo.  4.  as  adj.,  grey, 
grizzled  (horse). 

Storpi-are  ind.  storpio,  or  pop. 
Stroppi-are  ind.  stroppio  (A)  (etym. 
unkn.,  the  Fr.  estropier  is  borrowed 
from  Italian  ;  possibly  of  Germanic 
origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Strip) ;  to  cripple, 
maim. 

*(B)=Stuprare,   to  ravish.     *(C)  =  Sturbare,   to 
disturb. 

AJJF.  -amento,  -atamente,  -atino  dim.  of  -ato. 
Storpi-ato  m.\  a  cripple.     Aff.  -atura,  -o  adj. 

*  Storrato  ;    without   towers. 

*  Storre  ;~StogIiere. 

Storsione  /.;  =  Estorsione.  *i.  =  Torsione. 
ii.  —  Tonnento. 

Stbrta/  (It.  storcere);  i.  twisting, 
wrenching.  2.  bend,  e.g.  in  a  river. 

3.  retort  for  distilling,  etc.     4.   =  Scia- 
bola,  curved  sword.     5.  (vet.)  lameness 
in  the  foot  of  a  horse. 

*Tuscan  lira,  formerly  coined  in  twisted  shape. 
Stortam^nte ;  crookedly. 
Stortetta/;  dim.  ofStorta(4>. 
Stortezza/I;  crookedness. 
Stortigriaccolo  ;  maimed,  crippled  (child). 
Stortilat-o  »/.,  -lira/".;  sprain,  v.  Storta  (5). 
Stortina/I;  (mus.)  curved  wind-instrument. 
Stortini  m.  pl.\  a  kind  of  paste  for  soup. 

Stdrto ;  i.  part.  Storcere.  2.  as 
adj.,  crooked,  twisted.  3.  deformed. 

4.  fig.   distorted   (notion).      5.    Com- 
passo    — ,  =  Compasso    a    grossezze, 
callipers,  compasses   with   bent  shafts 
for  measuring  the  diameters  of  solid 
bodies. 

Stort-ura./:;  v.  -0(2)10(4). 
Stoscanizzarsi ;  to  abandon  Tuscan  modes. 

*  Stoscio  ;«.;  =  Stroscio,  rushing  fall. 
Stovigliaio  m. ;  maker  or  seller  of  utensils. 

Stoviglie  /  //.  ;  crockery,  or  by 
ext.  the  iron  utensils  also,  of  a  house- 
hold. *Dar  nelle  — ,  v.  Coccio  (6). 

Etym.  bit.  "testnilis  (< :  L.  testa,  earthen- 
ware), whence  **stuilis,  **stuilia',  for  the  loss  of 
the  first  syllable  of  testuilis,  cp.  Baco  for  bom-baco, 


STOVIGLIERIA— STRAFIGURIRE 


603 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S,  or  the  prefix  Stra-  as  the  case  tnay  be,  see  the  simple 

word;  for  the  prefix  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2,  or  Stra-  in  loco. 

Amore  — ,  lukewarm  affection  ;  Borsa 
-a,  nearly  empty  purse  ;  Promesse  -he, 
doubtful  promises.  4.  of  meat  or  fish, 
stale,  though  not  gone  bad.  5.  as  adv., 
or  Alia  -a,  ^>.  Stracca  (2), 


Btscia  for  bpm-biscia.    This  derivation  is  supported 
by  the  Sardinian  dial,  form  Tistivillu,  potsherd. 

Stoviglieria  /  ;  pots  and  pans  col- 
lectively. 

Stozz-are  ind.  stozzo ;  to  beat  out. 
-0  in. ;  beater  for  hammering  out  metal 
into  a  convexity,  Fr.  emboutissoir. 

Etynt.  O.H.G.  stozan  (>  Germ,  stossen,  to 
shove),  root  steud,  to  strike,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Stutter,  Stoat. 

Stra-  (L.  extra,<exter,  =  ex,  with 
comparative  suffix  -ter) ;  a  prefix  of  in- 
tensity. Those  words  below  into  which 
it  enters  as  a  component  are  divided 
by  a  hyphen  following  the  prefix. 

Strabalz-are  ;  to  jump  about.  The  word  may 
be  regarded  as  intensive  cither  of  Trabalzare  or 
Balzare,  v.  Stra-.  Aff.  -oni. 

Stra-bastare ;  to  suffice  perfectly. 
*-battere;  to  vex  grievously  (lit.  beat). 
-bello  ;  extremely  beautiful,  -bene  ; 
extraordinarily  well.  -benedire ;  to 
bless,  -bere  ;  to  drink  (most  abund- 
antly). 

Strabiliare  (either <  Stra-  in  sense 
of  outside  +  Bilico,  balance,  or  else 
<Stra-  in  its  usual  sense  of  very  + 
**\inira-~\biliare} ;  to  be  utterly  amazed. 

Strabismo  in.  (L.,  <  Gr.  orpa^ds,  <  ff-rpe'^w); 
asE. 

Strabocc-are  ;  intern.  Traboccare, 
to  overflow.  *to  fall.  Aff.  -amento, 
*-atoio  precipice,  -hevole  in  vast  quan- 
tity, -hevolmente  enormously. 

*  Strabule  f.  //.  ;=  Brache,  trousers. 

*  Strabuzzare  (frob.  an  intensive  formed  upon 
Sbuzzare,  to  disembowel):  to  open  the  eyes  wide. 

Stracanarsi  (etym.  dub.  but  prob.  <  stra-  and 
Cane,  dog)  ;  to  exert  oneself. 

Stracann-are  «tra-,  =  L.  trans,  and  Canna 
in  sense  of  Cannello,  bobbin,  with  an  s-  prefixed  to 
keep  the  meaning  distinct  from  that  of  Tracannare, 
to  swallow) ;  in  weaving,  to  reel  off,  to  transfer  in 
equal  parts  on  to  a  given  number  of  bobbins,  the 
silk  originally  upon  one  of  them.  Aff.  -atura. 

Stra-cantare ;  to  sing  too  loud  or 
out  of  tune. 

Stra-carico,  -caro  ;  heavily  loaded, 
very  dear. 

Stracca  / ;  I.  fatigue  ;  Pigliare 
una  — ,  to  work  to  exhaustion.  2.  Alia 
— ,  wearily,  without  pleasure  in  one's 
work  ;  Applaudire  alia  — ,  perfunctory 
applause.  3.  Tre  via  acca  — ,  (lit. 
thrice  worn  out  nothing)  an  expression 
used  to  an  idle  worker. 

*i.  =Stracco,  persistence;  Credendosi...sorpren- 
derli  tutti  per  istracca,  believing  they  could  make 
head  against  them  by  dilatory  tactics;  Dimdandosi 
di  vincere  i  Fiorentini  per  istracca,  mistrusting  their 
ability  to  wear  out  the  Florentine  forces,  ii.  A  — , 
unwillingly,  iii.  In  istracca,  precipitously,  iv. -- 
Straccale,  leading-strings. 

Straccabraccia  ;  A  — ,  =A!la  stracca,  wearily. 

Straccabue  m. ;  (bot.)  pulse,  v.  Moco  (i). 

Straccagginey^;  indolence,  slackness. 

Straccale  m.  (O.H.G.  stric,  >  Germ. 
Strick,  cord,  the  i  changing  into  a 
under  the  influence  of  Straccare)  ; 

1.  breeching-strap   of   a  pack-saddle. 

2.  in  pi.,  (a)  trouser-suspenders,  braces ; 
(b)  straps   or  other   things    left  lying 
about. 

Straccare ;  to  tire  out. 

Etym.  obscure,  but  prob.  <a  bit.  **  cx-traccare, 
where  traccare  is  cofn.  to  Fr.  traquir,  from  a  Ger- 


manic root  trak,  so  that  the  lit.  meaning  would  be 
to  follow  the  prey  till  it  is  exhausted  as  a  weasel  will 
a  rabbit.  E.  track  is  from  the  same  root,  also  Dutch 
trek.  The  adj.  Stracco,  however,  though  it  could 
of  course  be  the  syncopated  participle  of  Straccare, 
seems  rather  attributable  to  O.  H.G.  struck,  stretched 
out,  stiff,  akin  to  A.S.  strcfc,  hard,  strong,  L.  strin- 


gere,  to  squeeze,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Stretch.  For  the 
meaning,  cp.  the  E.  on  the  stretch,  i.e.  engaged  in 
exhausting  work. 

Straccat6ia  /  ;  Pigliare  una  — ,  to 
knock  oneself  up. 

Stracc-atdio ;  tiring,  v.  -are.  Aff. 
-atore. 

*Stracceria  f.;  ready-made  clothes. 
*  Straccetto  m. ;  commercial  note-book. 

Stracche'zza  / ;  exhaustion. 

Stracchfno  m.  ;  an  inferior  cheese 
made  in  Lombardy  from  the  milk  of 
cows  which  are  weak,  Stracche,  after 
being  driven  down  from  the  mountain 
pastures. 

Stracciaberrette  m.;  (bat.)  some  species  of 
maple. 

Stracciabile ;  v.  Stracciare. 

Stracciafbgl-io  m.\  i.  =Scarta- 
faccio,  note-book.  2.  rough  draft.  3.  at 
Florence,  the  lowest  rank  in  the  Miseri- 
cordia  ;  Entrano  come  -i,  poi  come 
fratelli,  people  join  as  probationers  and 
become  members  later. 

Stracciai61o  m. ;  one  who  cards  the  floss  silk 
off  the  cocoon.     *  old-clothes  man,  v.  Straccio. 
Stracciapane  m. ;  writer  of  bad  poetry. 

Stracci-are  (A)  (cogn.  Provenc,. 
estrassar,  Span,  estrazar,  <blt.  **ex- 
tractiare,  <  L.  extract  us) ;  i.  to  tear. 
2.  to  comb  the  floss  silk  from  the 
cocoons.  3.  (paperm.)  to  tear  up  the 
rags  and  remove  the  hard  edges. 
4.  part,  -ato,  dressed  in  rags.  5.  Parla 
com'  un  libro  -ato,  scherz.  for  stampato, 
he  speaks  just  like  a  book.  6.  Occhi 
-ati,  angry  look,  v.  Stracciasacco. 

*(B)  (It.  tracciare,  with  prefix  $-) ;  to  leave  the 
track. 

Stracciasacco  m. ;  Guardare  a  — , 
or  a  squarciasacco,  to  look  askance  at, 
lit.  like  a  cut-purse. 

Stracci-at6ra  f.',  rag  tearer,  v.  -are  (3). 
-atura  /. ;  v.  -are. 

Straccfna f.',  {paperm.)  rag-picker  or  sorter. 

Stracc-io  m.  ;  I.  rag.  2.  tear, 
rent.  3.  fig.  scrap,  e.g.  of  knowledge. 
4.  floss  silk,  v.  Stracciare  (2).  5.  Prov. 
Gli  -i  van  sempre  all'  aria,  i.e.  mis- 
fortune comes  to  those  least  able  to 
bear  it. 

As  adj. :  6.  sync,  for  Stracciato,  all 
in  rags.  7.  Carta  -ia,  cartridge-paper. 

Aff.  -i6ne  augm.  spreg.  of  -io  (6), 
v.  Strappone  (2),  -i6so,  -iuccio  dim. 
spreg. 

Stracc-0  (v.  Straccare,  etym.)  ; 
i.  tired  out.  2.  inferior  in  quality, 
whether  as  worn  out  or  as  made  from 
inferior  material,  cp.  supra  Stracchino  ; 
Latte  — ,  milk  of  a  woman  who  has 
been  nursing  her  baby  too  long.  3.  fig. 
Con  una  cert'  aria  -a  e  trascurata,  with 
an  evident  lack  of  interest  ;  -a  e  con- 
fusa  tradizione  del  fatto,  a  confused 
tradition  of  the  event,  almost  lost ; 


*  Straccurare  ;  to  neglect. 

'Stracinare  ;  metathesis  of  Trascinare,  to  drag. 

Stra-c6cere,  -cubcere  ;  to  over- 
cook, etff.,  v.  Cocere. 

Stra-collare  ind.  stracollo  (It.  collo, 
sc.  del  piede,  instep)  ;  i.  to  dislocate 
one's  ankle,  or  by  ext.  the  wrist.  2.  to 
fall  over.  Aff.  -collatura. 

Stracoll-6ne   m. ;   stumble,  v.   -are 

(2). 

Stra-contento  ;  extremely  happy. 

Stra-c6rrere ;  intens.  Correre.  Aff.  *-corri- 
dore  scout. 

*  Stracotanza/^;  =  Tracotanza,  insolence. 
Stra-cottare  ind.  strac&tto  ;  to  stew. 
Stracott-ino  ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -o,  part,  of  Straco- 

cere. 

Stra-cuocere ;  i.q.  Stracocere. 

Strad-a  f.  (L.  strata,  sc.  via,  so 
that  the  lit.  meaning  is  paved  road)  ; 

1.  road.     2.  street.     3.   —  ferrata,  rail- 
road.    4.    --  facendo,  on  the  way,  in 
passing.     5.    Andare   alia   — ,  to  turn 
highwayman  ;    similarly,    Gettarsi    or 
Stare  alia  — .    6.  Fare  — ,  to  show  the 
way. 

Aff.  -Acciafeg-g-.,  *-aiuolo  highwayman. 

Stradale  ;     i.    relating   to    roads. 

2.  as  sb.,  long  stretch  of  road. 

Strad-are  ;  to  guide,  usu.  fig.  in 
sense  of  training  for  a  profession.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Strad-ella  dim.,  -ellina  or  -ellino  sub-dims., 
-611o  dim.,  of -a. 

tStrad-ello,  -elloro  m. ;  gap  between  the  bed 
and  the  wall. 

Strad-itta  dim.,  -cttina  sub-dim.,  -iccidla 
dim.  spreg.,  of  -a. 

Stradiere  m. ;  examiner  of  goods 
for  the  octroi. 

Strad-ina  /,  -ino  m.  •  i.  dim.  -a. 
2.  street-walker. 

Stradidtto  m.  (Gr.  (TTpaTiaiTTjs) ;  Albanian 
horse-soldier  in  the  service  of  the  Venetian  republic. 

Stradivario  m. ;  violin,  properly  one  made  by 
A.  Stradivari  of  Cremona  (1644 — '737)- 
t  Strado  ;  in  abundance. 

Strad-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of -a. 

Stra-d6ppio ;  intens.  Doppio. 

Stra-dotalc,  Estra-dotafe ;  {leg.)  belonging 
to  a  married  woman  as  her  separate  property. 

Strad-uccia  dim.  pegg.,  -ucola  dim.  spreg., 
of -a. 

Stra-falciare ;  to  speak  or  act  care- 
lessly or  thoughtlessly,  lit.  to  mow 
carelessly. 

Strafalcidne  m. ;  \.  vbsb.  of  Strafal- 
ciare.  2.  great  blunder. 

Stra-fare  ind.  strafaccio  or  straf6, 
v.  Fare  ;  i.  to  take  enormous  pains. 
Part,  -fatto.  2.  over-laboured.  3.  over- 
ripe (fruit). 

Strafelarsi  ;  intens.  Trafelarsi,  to 
be  tired  out. 

Stra-felice,  -fido  ;  intensely  happy, 
or  faithful. 

tStrafficare;  =  Strigare,  Stralciare,  to  probe,  to 
search  out. 

Strafigur-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  disfigure. 


76 — 2 


604 


STRAFINE— STRAPPARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S,  or  the  prefix  Stra-  as  the  case  may  be,  see  the  simple 

word;  for  the  prefix  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2,  or  Stra-  in  loco. 

weir.      4.    (mar.)    (a)  =  Scarpa,    q.v.,         u*ntT™'l"e  <Stranare'   Stran«re);  (poet.) 
no.  (6)  ;  (*)  padding  placed  on  rigging 


Stra-fine  ;  intern.  Fine. 
•Stra-finefatto;    Di    —  ,  =  Intrafinefatta, 

"  Stra 


sud- 
rafizzeca/;  (*o/.)  =  Stavisagra,  stavesacre. 

Straforare  ind.  straforo  ;  =  Trafo- 
rare,  to  pierce. 

Straf6ro  m.  ;  I.  vbsb.  of  Straforare. 
2.  Di  —  ,  secretly.  3.  Lavori  di  —  , 
filigree  work.  . 

*  Strafugare  ;  =  Trafugare. 
Strafusolare  ;  to  form  the  Trafusole,  skeins. 

Strage/  (L.  root  ster,  to  spread,  as 
in  sternere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Strew)  ; 
i.  great  slaughter,  massacre.  2.  great 
abundance. 


*  Straggere  ;  =  Distrarre,  to  distract. 
t  Stragio  ;  =  Straziato,  Brutto. 

Stra-,  or  Estra-giudici-ale,  or 
-giudizi-ale  ;  extra-judicial.  Aff.  -al- 
mdnte. 

Straglio,  Strallo  (Stragio)  m. 
(var.  of  Traglia,  with  intensive 
prefix  S-)  ;  (mar.)  stay,  usually  one  lead- 
ing from  the  head  of  a  mast  forward. 
For  the  names  of  the  various  stays,  see 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.  Vela  di  —  ,  stay- 
sail, triangular  sail  attached  to  a  stay. 

Stra-godere,  -g6nfio,  -grande  ;  miens. 
Godere,  ecc. 

*  Stragulato  ;  tapestried,  embroidered. 

*  Strainare  ;=Trainare. 
tStralambo  ;  =  Strambo. 

Stralciare  ;  i.  to  prune  away  super- 
fluous branches,  Tralci,  from  a  vine. 

2.  to  slash  anything,  cut  it  carelessly. 

3.  to  compromise  a  dispute.    4.  to  clear 
up  a  tangled  affair.     5.  —  le  partite,  to 
balance  accounts. 

Stralciario  in.;  arbitrator,  referee,  liquidator. 
Stralci-atura,  -o;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Strale  m.  (M.H.G.  str&l;  cogn.  A.S. 
street,  Lith.  striela,  Russian  strela,  all 
meaning  "arrow")  ;  poet,  for  Freccia, 
arrow. 

Stralici-are;  to  cut  aslant,  v.  Tralice.     Aff. 

'  Stralignare  ;  =  Tralignare,  to  degenerate. 
fStralinco  ;  =  Storto  e  sciancato. 
Strallo  ;  v.  Straglio. 

Stra-lodare  ma.  stralodo  ;  to  praise  highly. 
Straloggi,   Strallogi  /  (by  metathesis  <  L. 
aristolochia,<Gt.  ipurroAoxeia)  ;  (WO   birthwort, 
Aristolochia  clematis. 

Stra-lucente  ;  very  bright. 

Stralun-are  (etym.  unkn.)  ;  to  roll 
(the  eyes).  Occhi  -ati,  eyes  starting 
out  of  one's  head.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

•Straluzzare  ;  =  Dardeggiare,  to  shoot  arrows. 
*Stramaccato  ;  =  Stralunato,  Fuor  di  se. 

Stramaglia  /  ;  forage,  v.  Strame. 

Stramaidlo  m.  ;=Erbaiolo,  hawker  of  vege- 
tables. 

Stra-maledire,  -mangiare  ;  to  curse,  eat 
(excessively),  -mature;  over-ripe. 

*  Stramare  ;  to  supply  cattle  with  bedding. 

Straniazz-are  ;  to  knock  (a  man) 
down  so  as  to  stun  him,  or  intr.  to  fall 
senseless  (lit.  to  fall  on  a  blanket, 
Stramazzo).  Aff.  -ata. 

Stramazzetto  m.;  at  the  game  of  Calabresella, 
failure  to  score  so  much  as  three. 

Stramazzo  m.  (for  Stramaccio,  <  It. 
strame)  ;  i.  coarse  blanket  folded  once 
or  twice  so  as  to  serve  for  a  mattress. 
2.  =  Stramazzone.  3.  (hydraul.)  waste- 


to  prevent  its  being  chafed  ;  (c)  —  di 
cavi,  rope  fender;  (d)  —  delle  bitte, 
cross-piece  of  the  bitts,  usu.  Traversa. 
Stramazz6ne  in.  ;  i.  heavy  fall. 
2.  sword-cut  as  opposed  to  a  thrust. 

Etym.  It.  stramazzare.  In  sense  (2)  it  has 
been  referred  to  O.H.G.  scramasacs,  sword,  to- 
gether with  the  cogn.  Fr.  estramacpn,  but  Hatzfeld 
and  Darmstetter  are  doubtless  right  in  deriving 
estramafon  <  Stramazzone,  and  this  <  Stramazzare. 

*  Stramba  f.    (etym.    itnkn.,    perhaps    akin    to 
O.H.G.  strimpan.  to  tie  up);   i.  =Sparto,  esparto 
grass,     ii.    rope  of  any  material  not  hemp. 

Stramb-amente ;  v.  -o. 

t  Strambare ;   i.    of  wood,  to  warp.     ii.   of  the 
wind,  to  chop  and  change  irregularly. 

*  Strambasciare  ;  =  Trambasciare,   to    be    dis- 
tressed. 

Strambell-are  ;  to  tear  into  rags. 
-0  m. ;  rag. 

Etym.  unkn.  Diez  refers  it  to  Germ,  strampeln, 
to  kick  the  feet  about,  Caix  to  Lambello,  with  inten- 
sive prefix  S-,  the  alteration  of  si  into  str  arising  out 
of  the  latter  being  easier  to  say. 

Stramb-eriay^;  v,  -o. 
tStrambicare  ;=  Inciampare,  to  stumble. 

Strambo  (a  nasalised  form  of  L. 
stratus,  <  Gr.  a-rpaftos,  distorted,  < 
a-rptya,  to  twist) ;  distorted,  queer. 

Stramb-6tto,  -bttolo  m.  (It.  strambo, 
as  being  queer  versification,  cp.  Span. 
estrainbote,  adjunct  to  a  sonnet) ; 
1.  rustic  love-song.  2.  poetry  of  little 
merit.  3.  =  Sproposito,  absurdity. 

Strame  m.  (L.  stramcn,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Strew) ;  stubble  cut  for  litter. 

Strameggiare  ind.  strameggio ;  to 
eat  straw.  *to  strew  with  litter. 

*  Stra-menare  ;  i.  to  transport,    ii.  to  guide. 
*Stramento  m.  (L.);  covering, 
t  Stramig6ne  ;  =  Sudicio,  Sciatto. 


Stra-moggiare    ind. 
I.  to  be  superabundant. 


stram6ggio  ; 
2.  to  satisfy. 


m. 


I. 


Stranifero  (var.  of  Estraneo,  q.v.); 
strange,  foreign.  The  word  is  nearly 
synonymous  with  Forestiero,  but  has  a 
rather  more  national  meaning,  Fore- 
stiero being  of  more  local  import. 

Stranio  ;  i.  foreign.  2.  unusual. 
3.  diversified. 

Strano  (contracted  var.  of  Estraneo, 
q.v.);  i.  pop.  for  Straniero,  foreign. 
2.  strange,  unusual. 

Stranutellay:  (by  metathesis  <  It.  starnutare) ; 
(hot.)  spurge,  Euphorbia. 

Stranuto  m. ;  pop.  for  Starnuto,  sneeze. 

Straordinari-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  i.  extraordinary.  2.  as  sb., 
extra  letter-carrier.  3.  extra  item.  Aff. 
-amdnte,  -eta. 

Stra-orzare  ind.  straurzo  ;  {mar.)  to  lurch  to 
windward. 

Stra-orzo  ;  =  Orziero,  tending  into  the  wind. 
Stra-pagare :  to  overpay. 

Stra-panato 
Pane  (B). 


Stram&nio  m. ;  (bot.)  thorn-apple,  Datura 
stramonium,  also  termed  Noce  puzza,  Noce  spinosa. 

Stramort-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  intens. 
Tramortire,  to  faint. 

Strampalat-o  (etym.  dub.,  perhaps 
<Trampalo,  stilt,  with  intensive  pre- 
fix S-) ;  exceedingly  queer. 

Aff.  -aggine,  -eria,  -one  augm. 
Strampaleria  f.;    i.q.   Strampalateria,   queer 
act. 

Stranamente ;  strangely. 

Stranare  ;  i.  to  ill-treat.  2.  to 
treat  unfairly.  *to  alienate. 

*  Stranaturare  ;  =  Snaturare. 

*  Stran-eare  or  *-eggiare  ;  =  Straniare. 
Stran-itto  dim.,  -ezzay:;  v.  -o. 

*  Strangio  ;  =  Straniero. 
*Strangogiione  m.  ;=Stranguglione. 
tStrangolacani  m.  pi.;  (wmr.)=Controcarica- 

boline,  outer  leech  lines. 

Strangol-are  ind.  stringolo  (L.,  <  Gr.,  t: 
Skeat,  sub  Strangle);  i.  to  strangle.  2.  (mar.)  to 
swift,  v.  Trincare  (B).  Aff.  -amento,  -atoio  adj., 
-atore,  -aturio. 

Strangol-aturay:;  i.  vbsb.  of -are.  2.  (mar.) 
—  d'  una  legatura,  cross-turns,  frapping.  3.  —  di 
un  cartoccio,  choke  of  a  cartridge. 

Strangolina  /. ;  (vet.)  a  kind  of  strangles. 

*  Strangosciare  ;  =  Trambasciare,    to    be    dis- 
tressed. 

(vet.) 
Aver 


torn,     tattered,    v. 
.  to  talk  too  much. 


Stra-parlare  ; 
2.  to  be  delirious. 

Strapazz-are ;  to  mishandle,  mis- 
use, use  very  roughly,  use  bad  language 
towards,  overwork,  wear  to  pieces. 
—  un  mestiere,  —  un'  arte,  to  practise  it 
very  inefficiently,  very  carelessly. 

Etym.  dub.  Dicz  attributes  the  word  to  It. 
pazzo,  as  it  were,  to  use  madly  or  so  as  to  drive 
mad.  Calx's  derivation  seems  preferable,  viz.  <  It. 


Strangugli6n-e 
strangles.     2.    (mfd.)  quinsy. 
gli  -i,  to  have  hiccoughs. 

Stranguria  /  (Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sui  vac.) ;  (med.) 
strangury. 


KSrting  suggests  ** extrapatiare,  <  L.  patior,  to 
suffer,  but  this  does  not  seem  probable. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata  reprimand,  -atamente,  -atina 
dim.  of  -ata,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Strapazzo  m. ;  vbsb.  of  Strapazzare. 
Roba  da  — ,  thing  for  every-day  use. 
Linguaggio  da  — ,  language  of  common 
life. 

Stra-pazzo  ;  stark  mad. 

Strapazz-6ne,  -6na,  -osamente,  -6so, 
-ucchiare  dim.',  v.  -are. 

Stra-pdrdere  ;  to  lose  heavily. 
Stra-piacere;  to  please  hugely. 
Strapiantare  ;  =  Trapiamare,  to  transplant. 

*  Strapie  :  maimed.     A  — ,  =  Mai  posto. 
Stra-pieno;  excessively  full. 
Stra-piombare  iiui.  strapiombo  :  i.  to  be  out 

of  the  perpendicular,  to  overhang.  2.  to  be  exces- 
sively heavy.  Aff.  -piombo  sb. 

Stra-piovere  ;  to  rain  very  heavily. 

Stra-piparsi ;  to  be  utterly  indifferent. 

Stra-poggiare  ind.  strapuggio ;  (mar.)  to 
lurch  to  leeward,  v.  Straorzare. 

Stra-pdggio;  (mar.)  tending  to  fall  off,  v. 
Straorzo. 

Stra-portare  ind.  straporto;  to  carry  right 
away. 

Stra-potente  ;  mighty.    Aff.  -potenza. 

Strappa  ;  A  — ,  hastily. 

*  Strappabecco  ;  A  — ,  very  hastily. 
Strapp-abile ;  v.  -are. 
Strappacav6zza  ;    Comprare,  Vendere  a  — , 

to  buy,  or  sell,  without  any  warranty  of  soundness. 
StrappalanayC;  (bot.)  clot  bur,  v.  Bardana  (2). 

Strapp-are  ( <  a  Germanic  root 
strap,  to  pull,  cp.  Germ,  straff,  tight, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Strappado);  i.  to  pull 
away,  snatch,  pluck  off;  —  da  man- 
giare, or  —  la  vita,  to  make  a  poor 
living.  2.  to  tear.  3.  (mar.)  =  Sforzar 
di  remi,  to  row  hard.  4.  —  la  foglia,  v. 


STRAPPATA— STRETTA 


605 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S,  or  the  prefix  Stra-  as  the  case  may  be,  see  the  simple 

word;  for  the  prefix  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2,  or  Stra-  in  loco. 

Foglia  (3).      5.    Parlare  com'  un  libro  Stratt-a  /  (intens.  Tratta) ;  jerk ;      5.     (eccl.)    taper    for    lighting    church 

-ato,  v.  Stracciare  (5).     Aff.  -amento.      A  -e,  intermittently.  candles,     t loach,  v.  Cobio  (i). 


Strappat-a  /.;  sharp  tug.  Aff.  -ella,  -ina 
dints.,  -atura  fbso.  of  -are. 

Strapp-etto,  -ettino  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  -o. 

Strapp-o  m.  ;  i.  tear,  rent,  hole. 
2.  jerk.  3.  A  -i,  by  fits  and  starts. 

Strapp-6ne  m.  ;  i.  augm.  -o. 
2.  -6ne,  or  -ona,  /  ;  person  in  tattered 
dress. 


trappone  would  be  said  of  a  person  ragged 
from  carelessness,  Straccione  of  one  who  has  not  the 
means  of  dressing  better  (T.  and  B.). 

Strapp-ucchiare  ;  dim.  of  -are. 

Stra-pregare  ind.  straprego  ;  to  entreat  most 
earnestly. 

Strapunta  /  ;  quilt. 

Strapunt-o  m.  (It.  trapunto,  with 
idle  prefix  S-)  ;  quilted  mattress.  Aff. 
-ino  dim. 

Stra-ricco;  enormously  rich. 
Stra-rifallito  ;  repeatedly  bankrupt. 
Stra-ripare  ;  to  overflow.     Aff.  -ripamento. 
*Stra-ripevole  ;=  Dirupato,  Scosceso. 
Stra-rosso  ;  blaming  red. 
Strarre  ;  tap.  for  Estrarre. 
Stra-sapere  ;  to  have  immense  knowledge. 

Strascic-are  ind.  strascico  (intens. 
Trascicare);  i.  to  drag  along,  to  trail  ; 
Farsi  —  ,  in  carrozza,  to  go  out  for  a 
drive.  2.  —  la  voce,  to  drawl.  3.  of 
a  carriage,  to  go  slowly,  to  crawl. 
4.  (Cavolo)  -ato,  pop.,  cooked  with 
sauce.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -hfo  freq.  sb. 

Strascico  m.  •  i.  vbsb.  of  Strasci- 
care.  2.  train  of  a  dress  ;  Reggere 
1°  —  i  fig-  to  fawn  upon.  3.  train  of 
debts  or  consequences  of  an  illness. 
4.  scherz.  lift  ;  Per  andaf  lassu  un 
po'  di  —  fa  comodo,  for  going  up  there 
it  is  not  a  bad  thing  to  get  a  lift  part  of 
the  way.  5.  Rete  di  —  ,  trawl-net,  also 
termed  Rete  di  fondo. 

Strascic-6ne  m.,  -6na  /  ;  one  who 
crawls  along  from  weakness  or  out  of 
laziness.  Aff.  -(5m  adv. 

Strascin-are  ind.  Strascino  (intens. 
Trascinare)  ;  to  drag,  stronger  than 
Strascicare.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura,  -10 
freq.  sb. 

Strascino  m.  ;  i.  trammel  net  for 
fish  or  birds.  2.  =  Strascim'o,  dragging. 

Strascino  m.  ;  i.  hawker  of  meat  of 
poor  quality.  2.  ignorant  doctor  or 
artist. 

Strascione  m.\  (but.)  creeping  buttercup,  v. 
Stellettone. 

Strasecolare  ind.  strasecolo  ;  intens.  Traseco- 
lare,  to  wonder. 

*Stra-sibilarsi  ;  to  be  utterly  indifferent  (to  a 
thing). 

Stra-sonare  ind.  strasono  ;  of  an  organ  or 
pianoforte,  to  produce  sound  of  a  wrong  kind  or  at 
a  wrong  time. 

•Stra-tagliare  ;  to  cut  deeply. 
tStratato  ;=Sdraiato. 

Strateg-ia  /  (Gr.);  ai  E.  Aff.  -icamente, 
-ico,  -o. 

Stra-tcmpo  m.  ;  queer  weather. 

Strat-erello  m.  ;  dim.  -o. 

Stratif  -icare  ind.  strattfico,  -icazi6ne,  -drme; 
asE. 

Stratidte  m.  (Gr.);  i.  (bat.)  water-soldier,  v. 
Erba  (35).  2.  (hist.)  mercenary  soldier. 

Strato  m.  (I,.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.);  i.  stratum. 
a.  («c/.)=Tappeto,  carpet. 

•  i.  •  Letto,  bed.  As  adj.  :  ii.  =Strado,  in  plenty. 
in.  -Sternato,  stretched  out  flat. 


Strattagemma  ;«.;  (Gr.)  as  E. 

Strattare  ;  to  play  on  a  single 
number  in  the  public  lottery,  t  =  Bi- 
strattare,  to  ill-treat. 

*  Strattezza  y: ;  =  Stranezza. 

•Stratto  (A);  i.  =  Estratto.  ii.  separated, 
iii.  addicted,  iv.  absorbed  in  thought.  (B)  (L. 
distractus) ;  strange. 

Strattdne  m.;  augm.  Stratta. 
tStravacare    (only   dialectic,    except    in   part. 
-ato,  q.v.  in  loco)  ;  to  empty,  to  turn  upside  down. 

Etynt.  dub.  Prob.  either  <  **extravacuare  or 
cogn.  to  Fr.  s'avackir,  to  be  flabby,  <  O.H.G. 
•weickjan,  to  soften. 

Stra  vacate  ;  of  a  page  of  print,  crooked,  the 
forme  not  having  been  placed  straight  in  the  press. 

Stravag-ante  (late  L.  extravagans, 
<  L.  extra,  vagor,  to  wander) ;  extrava- 
gant, queer.  Aff.  -antemente,  -anza. 

Stravanzare  (contr.  of  Stra-avan- 
zare) ;  to  remain  over. 

Stravas-are  (L.  extra  +  vas,  vessel, 
or  in  medical  L.,  blood-vessel);  (tried.) 
to  extravasate.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o  sb. 

Stra-vecchio ;  extremely  old. 

Stra-vede"re  ;  i.  to  see  with  the 
greatest  clearness.  2.  =Veder  male,  to 
view  mistakenly. 

Stra-venare  ind.  strave*no ;  to  quit  the  vein, 
either  in  anatomical  or  mineralogical  sense.  Aff. 
-venam^nto. 

Stra-verp;  absolutely  true. 

*  Stravestire  ;  intens.  Travestire,  to  disguise. 
Stra-viare  ind.  stravio  -vii ;  Fuorviare,  to  lead 

astray. 

Stra-yincere  ;  to  conquer  completely. 
Stravisare  ;  intent.  Travisare,  f.v. 

Stra-vizio  m. ;  sensual  excess.  Aff. 
-viziare. 

Stra-vizzo   m.  (var.  of  Stravizio)  ; 

1.  (hist.)   the   annual   banquet   of  the 
Crusca.     2.  =  Stravizio. 

Stra-volere  ;  to  desire  exceedingly. 

Stravol-gere  per/,  stravolsi,  part,  stray&lto ; 
intens.  Travolgere,  to  writhe,  wriggle,  distort, 
wrench. 

Aff.  -gimento,  -tamcnte,  -tura. 

Strazi-are  (bit.  **distractiare,<'L. 
distractus) ;  i.  to  lacerate,  tear  to  pieces. 

2.  to  ruin  by  clumsy  treatment,  to  tor- 
ture, in  fig.  sense.     Aff.  -ame'nto,  -o  sb. 

Strazione^;/^/.  for  Estra/ione  or  for  Stazione. 
t Strebbiaccio   m. ;  =  Spazio  di  terreno  incolto 
presso  una  casa. 

Strebbi-are,  Stribbi-are,  Strubbi- 
are  (bit.  extribulare,<tribulare,  lit.  to 
rub  out  corn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tribulation, 
and  infra,  Trebbiare) ;  to  mishandle, 
ill-treat,  spoil. 

*  =  Lisciare,  Imbellettare.     Aff.  -o  sb.,  -one,  -dna. 

Strecciare  ind.  stre"ccio  (It.  treccia) ; 
i.  to  plait,  esp.  the  hair.  2.  to  undo 
the  plaiting,  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

•Strecola  f.  (Germanic,  cp.  M.H.G.  stretch, 
stroke) ;  light  blow  given  by  way  of  massage  to  a 
stiff  limb. 

tStrefenare  ;  =  Dimenare,  Rumare,  to  shake  up. 

tStrefinare  ;  =  Strofinare,  to  rub. 

*  Strefolare  ;  to  undo  the  Trefoil. 

Str6g-a  /;  i.  witch.  2.  meton. 
thin  person  ;  Par  poppato  dalle  -he,  i.e. 
he  looks  very  thin.  3.  Darsi  alle  -he, 
to  be  in  despair.  4.  Punto  a  — , 
herring-bone  stitch,  v.  Punto  (8). 


Etym.  L.  striga,  woman  that  brings  harm  to 
children,  <.strix,  screech-owl,  which  according  to 
ancient  belief  sucked  the  blood  of  young  children, 
cp.  Roumanian  striga,  witch,  strigoiu,  vampire. 

Aff.  .acchiola  dim.,  impish  young  girl,  -accia 
pegg.,  -amento,  -are  to  bewitch. 

*Stregghia  ,/!;  =  Striglia,  currycomb. 

Streghe/;  pi.;  (bat.)  love-in-a-mist,  v,  Scapi- 
gliata  (i). 

St regheria  f. ;  —  Stregoneria,  sorcery. 

Streghino  m. ;  lamplighter's  torch, 
v.  Strega  (5). 

tStrfgliay:;  a  species  of  mullet,  v.  Triglia  (i). 

Stre"go  m.  (v.  Strega) ;  i.  =  Stregone. 
2.  miser.  3.  thin  person. 

•Stregola^;  i.=Strega.     ii.=Vangile. 

Streg6n-a  /,  -accio  pegg.,  of  -e. 

-are  ;=Stregare.    -e  m. ;  wizard,  -eria 

f. ;   witchcraft,   or  by  ext.,  any  crafty 
proceeding. 

Str<Sgua  /  (prob.  <  It.  tregua  in  its 
original  sense  of  troth,  good  faith,  the 
rateable  apportionment  being  justly 
and  fairly  made,  see  below*);  Andare 
a  una,  alia  medesima  — ,  to  go  by  the 
same  standard,  have  the  same  fortune. 
Mettere  una  cosa  alia  —  d'  un  altra,  to 
measure  a  thing  by  some  other  thing. 
Giudicare  alia  --  dell'  utile  proprio, 
altrui,  to  judge  by  the  standard  of  one's 
own,  others',  advantage. 

*  rateable  contribution  to  a  common  feast. 

Strelingaggio ;  v.  Trelingaggio. 

Strelizzi  m.  //.;  Strelitzes,  the  ancient  Mus- 
covite guards,  a  kind  of  hereditary  standing  army, 
abolished  by  Peter  the  Great. 

Stremamente  ;  pop.  for  Estremamente. 

Stremare  ind.  stremo  ;  to  reduce  to 
extremities,  exhaust. 

tStrembola./;  =  Strega,  witch. 
*Strementire  ;  =  Sgomentare,  to  terrify. 

*  Stremenzire  ;  v.  Striminzire. 

Stremdzza  f. ;  extreme  poverty. 

*Stremire;  i.  to  tremble,     ii.  to  terrify. 
•Stremissura/;  shuddering  fear. 
tStremlto  ;  =  Secco,  Adusto. 
Stremo  ;  pop.  for  Estremo. 

Strenna  f.  ;  Christmas  or  New 
Year's  gift. 

*  i.  =  Privilegio.     ii.  =  Ravvedimento.     iii. -Male  - 
fiaoi 

Etym.  L.  strena,  good  omen,  hence  New 
Year's  gift  made  as  an  omen  for  the  coming  year ; 
akin  to  strtnuus,  v.  Strenuo. 

Strenu-o  (U,  root  tier,  to  be  firm,  cp.  Gr. 
ffrep^os,  stiff,  (TrpijiTjv,  harsh-sounding,  Germ.  Starr, 
stiff,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Stern);  as  E.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ita. 

Strepere  (L.) :  to  resound. 

*  Strepidare  ;  i.  =  Strepitare.    ii.  =  Allibire. 

Strepit-are  ind.  strepito;  to  make 
an  uproar.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Strepit-o  m.  (L.)  ;  noise.  Aff. 
-osamdnte,  -oso. 

Stre"tt-a/  (It.  stretto,<L.  strictus, 
v.  Stringere) ;  i.  squeeze,  crush  ;  —  di 
mano,  hand-shaking  ;  —  di  occhi,  wink- 
ing ;  —  di  spalle,  shrug.  2.  Essere, 
Vedersi  alle  -e,  to  be  at  the  end  of  one's 
resources.  3.  Essere  alle  -e,  also  means 
(a)  to  be  so  placed  as  to  necessitate 
some  particular  action,  to  have  no 
choice,  and  (6)  to  be  near  the  conclusion 
of  a  matter.  4.  maturing,  of  corn,  from 
the  grass  stage  to  ripening  ;  Ora  che  il 


6o6 


STRETTIRE— STROBILE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

grano  da  la  — ,  now  that  the  corn  is 
beginning  to  develop.  5.  {mils.)  finale 
of  a  piece,  played  in  quicker  time. 
6.  Dare  1'  ultima  — ,  (a)  to  finish,  (6)  to 
kill.  7.  pressing  of  olives.  8.  space 
between  a  bed  and  the  wall.  9.  (geogr.) 
in  pi.,  narrow  pass  (in  the  hills). 

*i.  scarcity,  dearth,  ii.  —  d'  uscio,  giving  up 
business,  iii.  —  di  neve,  blockade  due  to  heavy 
snow,  D.  Inf.  28.  58. 


Strigile  m.  (L.)  ;  strigil,  skin-scraper. 
*Strigio  fft.;  an  old  Spanish  dress. 
tStrigion  w.;=Lasca,  bleak  (fish). 

Striglia  /.  (var.  of  Strigile)  ;  curry- 
comb. 


Strigli-are  ;    to   curry. 
-atina  dim.,  -atore. 

Strigliatura  /  ;  i.  currying. 
dust  off  the  horse's  coat. 


Aff.   -ata, 


2.  the 


AJf.  -accia,  -amente  v.  -o,  -erella  dim.,  -ezza 
v.  -o. 

Strett-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  take  in  (a  dress). 

*  Strettivo ;  astringent. 

Stre'tt-o  ;  i.  tight  (clothes),  small 
(room,  table),  narrow  (road).  2.  Di 
maniche  -e,  fig.  rigorous,  strict  (dis- 
ciplinarian). 3.  strict  (fasting).  4.  Pi- 
gharla  — ,  in  driving,  to  shave  past. 
5.  "  close  "  pronunciation  of  an  e  or  o, 
see  the  opening  paragraphs  of  the 
letters  E  and  O,  above. 

As  adv.  :  6.  strictly,  narrowly. 

As  s&. :  7-  (geogr)  straits,  esp.  the 
straits  of  Messina  ;  Dalle  Alpi  allo  — , 
from  one  end  of  Italy  to  the  other. 
8.  — ,  or  Vino  —  or  strinto,  wine  of 
second  quality,  made  from  juice 
squeezed  out  of  the  residues  of  the 
first  pressing.  9.  in  knitting,  reducing. 

As  part. :  10.  v.  Stringere ;  —  a 
vite,  fastened  with  screws.  11.  (mar) 
—  al  vento,  close  hauled. 

*Strettoiay.;  i.  band,  for  pressing,    ii.  =Stret- 
toio. 

Strettoiata/; ;  the  cloth  pressed  at  one  pressing. 

Strett6i-o  m. ;  press.  —  di  banco, 
bench  screw.  Aff.  -no  dim. 

*  Strettoni ;  A  — ,  =  A  strattoni,  by  jerks. 

*  Strettora  f,  \  tight  bandage. 

*  Strettuale ;  — Distrettuale. 

Strettura  / ;  constriction. 

Stria  /  (L.);  i.  (arch)  fluting. 
2.  (anat)  stria.  3.  a  Fraunhofer's  line 
in  the  spectrum.  *  =  Strega,  witch. 

Stri-are  ;  i.  to  groove.  2.  part,  -ato 
striated. 

•Striazzo  (Striaccio)  m.;  witches'  frolic. 

*  Stribbiare  ;  v.  Strebbiare. 

*  Stricare  ;  =  Strigare. 

Stricco  ?«. ;  (mar.)  runner.  Paranco  a  — , 
runner  and  tackle. 

Stricnina  /.  (Gr.  arfxlxvos,  nightshade); 
strychnine. 

Stridere  perf.  strid-e'i  or  -etti  (L. 
stridere;  cogn.  O.H.G.  stridan,  to  mur- 
mur, Gr.  rpifo),  to  squeak)  ;  i.  to  chirp, 
as  grasshoppers,  to  squeak.  2.  of 
colours,  to  be  ill-matched,  to  jar. 

Strid-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  poet,  for  Stridere. 

Strido  m.,  with  pi.  f.  strida  ;  shrill 
cry. 

Strid-6re  m. ;  cry,  shriek,  gnashing 
(of  teeth),  creaking.  Aff.  -ulo. 

Strig-are  (Stricare)  (for  Distrigare, 
q.v.)  ;  to  disentangle,  unravel.  *to 
urge  on.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

Strige  /  (L.  strix)  ;  (ornith.)    I.  - 
allocco,  long-eared  owl,  v.  Allocco  (i). 
2.  —  stridula,  short-eared  owl,  v.  Gufo 
i,  b).     *  =  Strega,  witch. 

Striggine  f. ;  vixenish  woman.  *  un- 
pleasant weather. 


Striglinay^;  dim.  Striglia. 
Striglidzzo   m.  ;    (ortiith.)  =  Strillozzo,    corn- 
bunting. 

Strigolo  m.  (A)  (prob.  <  It.  strin- 
gere);  i.  peritoneum  of  animals.  2.  in 
pi.,  residues  of  carcases,  offal. 

(B)  (L.  stridulus,  through  the  forms 
**striolo,  **strivolo,  cp.  Strillo); 
scream. 

Strig6ne  ;«.;  large  comb  used  by  flax-combers. 

Strillare  ;  to  shriek,  cry  out. 

Strillente  (var.  of  Strillante);  screeching. 

Strillo  m.  (contr.  of  It.  stridulo)  ; 
shriek. 

Strill6n-e  in.,  -ayC;  one  who  shrieks. 

Strilldzzo  til.  (It.  Strillare,  from  the  bird's 
cry);  (ornith.)  corn-bunting,  Emberiza  miliaria, 
also  termed  —  maggiore,  Braviere,  Cicerone,  Lodola 
maschia,  Petrone,  Sbraviere,  Spicchierone,  Stiat- 
tardo,  Strigliozzo. 

Striminz-ire,  Stremenz-ire  ind. 
-isco  ;  i.  to  pinch  in,  compress. 
2.  intr.  to  be  pinched,  as  plants  by 
cold. 

Etym.  Either  compounded  from  Strem(are)+ 
Mencio,  flabby  (Caix),  or  <  Mencio,  with  the  prefix 
Stra-. 

Strimizzire  ;  =  Striminzire. 

Strimpell-are  ind.  strimpello  (It. 
trimpellare,  with  intensive  prefix)  ;  to 
strum  on  the  piano,  scrape  on  the 
violin. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  .atina  dim.,  -atore,  -atora, 
-atura,  .\ofreq.  sb.,  -o  strumming  or  piano  strummed 
upon,  -one  -ona  person  who  strums. 

*  Strina  f.  ;  scorching,  whether  by  heat  or  cold. 

Strin-are  (L.  ustrina,  place  for 
burning  corpses,  -Hurere,  to  burn);  i.  to 
singe.  2.  Secco  -ato,  very  thin. 

Strinato  in.  ;  the  smell  of  singeing. 
Strincare  ;  (mar.)  to  cast  loose,  v.  Trincare. 

Stringa/  (from  the  Germanic  stem 
string-,  streng-,  strung-,  cp.  Span. 
estrinque,  eslrenqne,  rope,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  String,  Strong)  ;  i.  =  Aghetto,  shoe- 
lace. 2.  fig.  a  mere  nothing.  3.  band- 
age. 


Stringaio  m.  ;  seller  of  laces. 

String-are  ;=  Restringere.     -ato;  concise. 

String-ere  perf.  strinsi,  part,  strdtto 
or  pop.  strinto  (L.,  root  streig,  to  twist 
up,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Stringent,  String)  ;  to 
squeeze,  constrain,  tighten.  —  la  spada, 
to  grasp  the  sword.  —  amicizia,  to 
form  friendship.  —  il  discorso,  to  close 
the  discussion.  -—  una  citta,  to  besiege 
a  city  closely,  (mar.)  —  il  vento,  la 
terra,  to  keep  close  to  the  wind,  hug  the 
shore.  -ersi,  of  several  persons,  to 
squeeze  close  together.  String!  string!, 
/am.,  after  all.  -ersi  nelle  spalle,  to 
shrug  the  shoulders.  Non  —  ,  do  not 
draw  thyself  in,  D.  Purg.  9.  48.  For 
the  part.,  v.  Stretto,  supra  in  loco. 

Stringhetta/:;  dim.  Stringa,  shoe-lace. 


for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

String-imento  m. ;  vbsb.  of -ere. 
Stringiralle   m.   indecl.  ;    —   per   bielle,   cap, 
strap  for  connecting-rods. 

Stringitdio  m.  ;  (mar.)  —  a  vite,  Spanish 
windlass,  a  piece  of  cord  slung  round  two  adjacent 
taut  ropes  which,  by  means  of  a  heaver  and  two 
marline-spikes,  are  squeezed  together,  so  that  a 
seizing  may  be  put  on. 

String-itore,  -itura  ;  vbsbs.  of  -ere. 
fStringolo  m. ;  —  Randello  per  stringer  le  funi. 

Strint-a  /. ;  pop.  for  Stretta.  -o ;  part. 
Stringere. 

*Strione  w.;=Istrione,  actor. 
•Stripicciare  ;=Stropicciare. 

Strippapelle ;  Mangiare  a  — ,  to 
eat  one's  bellyful. 

Stripp-are  (It.  trippa,  gut,  with 
intensive  S-) ;  to  gorge,  or  tr.  to  gorge 
oneself  with.  Aff.  -ata,  -ataccia  pegg. 

*  Strippo  »r.;  =  Strippata,  gorging. 

Stripp6n-e  m.,  -a  /  ;  guzzler.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg. 

Strisc-6tta,  -ettina;  dim.,  sub-dint.,  of-ia. 

Striscia  /  (either<L.  striga,  swath, 
furrow,  through  an  adj.  **strigca,  or, 
less  probably,  <  O.H.G.  stric,  rope, 
which  is  from  the  same  root,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Streak,  Strike) ;  i.  strip.  2.  streak. 
3.  razor-strop.  4.  stripe  on  clothes. 
5.  (mil.  hist)  long,  thin  sword.  6.  in 
pi.,  paste  for  soup. 

*At  D.  Purg.  8.  ioo,  La  mala  —  seems  to  be 
used  in  the  sense  of  serpent,  either  regarded  as  a 
long  strip  or  by  metonymy  from  the  trail  it  would 
leave  in  the  herbage. 

Strisciaiblay:;  (oruitA.)=Cutti,  wagtail. 

Strisci-are  ;  i.  to  draw  along,  trail, 
drag,  or  intr.  to  creep.  2.  to  stroke, 
e.g.  a  cat.  3.  —  il  muro,  to  creep  along 
by  the  wall.  4.  —  un  valzer,  una  polca, 
to  dance  with  a  sliding,  rather  than  a 
skipping  movement.  5.  in  speaking,  or 
in  playing  music,  to  slur.  6.  Jig.  to 
grovel  before,  to  flatter. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atamente,  -atina  dim.  of 
-ata,  -atoio  flannel  for  holding  thread  when  un- 
winding it,  -atura. 

Striscio  m. ;    i.    creeping,  gliding. 

2.  Fare  lo  — ,  at   Italian  billiards,  to 
score  in  a  certain  way  off  the  cushions. 

3.  A  tutto — ,  at  a  great  rate.    4.  Di — , 
without  interruption.     Vinse  tre  giochi 
di  — ,  he  won   three   games   running. 
Tirar  di  — ,  to  pass  on  without  stop- 
ping. 

Strisci61-a,  -ina ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Striscia, 
streak. 

Strisci-6ne  m.  ;  i.  v.  -are  (6).  2.  adv. 
creepingly. 

tStriso  ;  part.  Stridere. 

Stritol-are  ind.  stritolo  (intens.  Tri- 
tolare) ;  to  grind  down,  break  up  small. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

IStritol6ne  m. ;  =  Brivido,  shudder. 
Strizzalim6ni  ;//.  indecl.;  lemon-squeezer. 

Strizz-are  (cogn.  old  Fr.  esMcir,  > 
Fr.  etrecir,  rttrecir,  <  bit.  ** strictiare, 
freq.  of  L.  slringere) ;  i.  to  squeeze. 
2.  —  1'  occhio,  to  give  a  wink  (as  a 
sign).  Aff.  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atura. 

Strizzdne  m. ;  i.  hard  squeeze. 
2.  severe  abdominal  pain.  3.  intense 
cold. 

tStrobicciare  ;  =  Stropicciare,  to  rub. 

Str&bil-e,  -o  m.  (Gr.  o-r/xi^Xos,  ///. 
twisted-up  thing,  akin  to  trrpfijxa)  ; 


STROCCO— STRUZZO 


607 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

StruciayC;  =  Trucia,  misery,  raggedness. 

Strucinare  ind.  strucino  (for**Stru- 
scinare,  as  a  lengthened  form  of  Strusci- 
are) ;  to  wear  out  by  careless  use. 

Strucio  ;  =  Trucio,  dressed  in  rags. 


1.  (dot.}  strobilus,  i.e.  fir-cone  or  any 
fruit  resembling  it.     2.    the  segmented 
body  of  a  tape-worm. 

*Strocco  m.',  silk  of  knotty  uneven  fibre. 

Str6f-a,  -e/7;  Stanza,  strophe. 

Etyut.  Gr.  arpocftTJ,  <  (rrpe'i^w,  to  turn,  the 
song  sung  by  the  chorus  in  an  ancient  Greek  play 
while  dancing  towards  one  side  of"  the  orchestra,  to 
which  its  reverse,  the  antistrophe,  answers. 

Aff.  -accia^ey.,  -etta  dint.,  -ico. 

Strofin-accio,  -dcciolo  m. ;  duster, 
wiper.  *prostitute. 

Strofin-are  ind.  strofino  ;  to  rub. 

Etytn.ditb.  Either  (i)<Gr.  cTTpe'<f)w(>(r7-po<fios 
cord,>L.  struppus),  cp.  for  the  meaning  Fr.  torchon 
<.torqueo,  to  twist,  or  else  (2)  a  variant  of  Strufonare 
to  rub  with  a  Strufone.  Strufone,  like  the  dim 
form  Strufolo,  is  <  "Strufo,  <  O.H.G.  struff 
tattered  rag.  The  former  derivation  is  open  to  the 
objection  that  there  is  no  satisfactory  Latin  inter- 
mediary between  the  Greek  and  Italian  forms  ;  it 
is,  however,  preferred  by  Korting. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atma  dint.,  -10  freq.  sb. 

Strofucciayl;  dim.  spreg.  Strofe. 

Strogol-are  ind.  str6golo  (It.  tro- 
golo,  trough)  ;  i.  of  a  pig,  to  put  its 
snout  in  the  trough.  2.  (pers.)  to  eat 
dirtily,  in  piggish  fashion.  Aff.  -6ne, 
dirty  in  eating. 

Strdlaga  f.\  (ornitfi.)  i.  —  maggiore,  great 
northern  diver,  Colymbus  glacialis,  also  termed 
Colimbo  massimo,  Smergo  massimo.  2.  —  mez- 
zana,  black-throated  diver,  C.  arcticus.  3.  — 
minore  or  piccola,  red-throated  diver,  C.  septen- 
trionalis. 

Str61-ogo,  -ago  m.;  pop.  for  Astrologo. 

Stromb-are  ind.  str6mbo  (It. 
tromba)  ;  to  splay,  e.g.  a  window-open- 
ing, to  enlarge  it  inwards.  *=Strillare. 
Aff.  -atura,  -o  sb. 

Strombazz-are ;  to  trumpet  abroad. 
Aff.  -atore. 

Strombett-are  ind.  strombe'tto ;  to 
sound  the  trumpet.  Aff.  -ata,  -10  freq. 
sb. 

Strdmbo  m.  (A);  splay,  widening, 
v.  Strombare. 

(B)  (Gr.  <rrppn/3ot) ;  a  genus  of  whelks,  S  trombus. 
t  —  Soddisfazione. 
tStrombola/;=Fiomba,  sling. 
tStr6mbolo  ;//. ;  greased  rags  for  kindling. 

Stromento  ;  7-.  Strumento. 

Stronc-are  ind.  str6nco  -hi  (intens. 
Troncare) ;  i.  to  cut  off  short,  tear  off. 

2.  to  break  (one's  bones).   Aff.  -ame'ntb, 
-atura,  -hi'no  dim.   of  -o,   -o   maimed, 
-one  piece  broken  off. 

Stronfiare  ind.  stronfio  ;  intens. 
Tronfiare,  to  pant,  to  snort,  esp.  in  dis- 
pleasure, showing  more  dislike  of  a 
thing  than  is  indicated  by  Sbuffare. 
Non  gli  piace  la  minestra  e  stronfia,  he 
does  not  like  his  soup,  and  is  puffing 
and  snorting  over  it.  Stronfiavano^  piu 
non  posso,  they  puffed  and  blew  and 
showed  they  did  not  like  it  at  all.  Gli 
avventori  cominciano  a  — ,  customers 
are  beginning  to  show  themselves  very 
dissatisfied  with  what  we  provide  for 
them. 

Strongilo  m.  (Gr.  irTpoyyvAot,  round);  round 
worm  infesting  the  intestines,  Strongylus. 

•Stronz-are  (O.H.G.  stnmzan,  to  cut);  to  cut 
short,  diminish.  Part,  -ato,  ciipped  or  sweated 
(coin). 

Stronzi-anay?;  strontian  earth,  so  called  from 
Strontian  in  Argyllshire,  where  it  was  discovered  in 
1790.  -o  m. ;  (cliem.)  strontium. 

8tr6nz-o  m.  (A)  —  or  -olo  (cogn. 


Flemish  stront,  filth,  Fr.  ttrori)  ;  round 
ball  of  dung.     Aff.  -oletto,  -oli'no  dims. 

*(B)  syncop.  for  Stronz-ato,  v.  -are. 

Stropicciapanni  m.  indecl.;  washerwoman's 
grooved  board  for  rubbing  clothes. 

Stropicci-are  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps 


akin  to  Strofinare)  ;  I.  to  rub,  to  scrape. 
a,   to  fawn   upon.     *-arsi,   to 


2.    -arsi 
collide. 


dim.,    -atura,    -fo 
i.  =  -amento.    ii.    troubling, 


Aff.    -am^nto,    -ata,    -atma 
freq.  sb. 

*Stropicci-o 
harassing. 

Stropicci6n-e  m.,  -a/;  i.  v.  Stro- 
picciare  (2).  2.  =  Bacchettone,  bigot. 

*  Stroppay1;  (L.  stritppus,  =  Gr.  <rTpo<f>os) ;  withy. 

*  Stroppaglio    m. ;  =  Stoppaccio,    wad,    for    a 
cannon. 

Stroppare    ind.    strdppo    (L.    stritppus,    cp. 
Stroppa)  ;  (war.)  —  un  bozzello,  to  strap  a  block. 
Stroppiare  ;  pop.  for  Storpiare.     *  =  Impedire. 

Strbppo  m.  (var.  of  Stroppa)  ; 
(mar.)  strop,  piece  of  iron  or  rope 
clasped  round  a  block,  a  dead-eye  or 
the  like.  •  di  boa,  buoy-sling. 

—  d'   una   vela,=  Brancarella,  cringle. 
-  per  inferitura,   head  cringle,   head- 
earing  cringle. 

Str6ppol-o  m. ;  i.q.  Stroppo.  Aff.  -are,  to 
apply  a  strop. 

Strfcscia  /;  i.  casual  stream  of 
water  or  the  channel  left  by  it.  2.  pool 
where  water  has  been  upset. 

Strosciare  ind.  stroscio  (It.  troscia, 
q.v.,  with  intensive  S-) ;  of  heavy  rain,  to 
swish. 

Str6scio  m. ;  I.  swishing  sound  of 
heavy  rain  or  other  falling  water. 
2.  violent  downpour  of  rain.  *heavy 
fall. 

t  Strovare  ;  to  give  ugly  nicknames  to. 

Strbzza  /;  i.  either  the  throat, 
gullet,  or  windpipe.  2.  (mar.)  com- 
pressor. 

Etym.  M.H.G.  strozze,  throat,  akin  to  middle 
Dutch  strot,  and  probably  to  A.S.  titrate  (>  E. 
throat)  and  O.H.G.  drozza  (>  Germ,  erdrosseltt,  to 
strangle),  where  the  s  has  been  dropped.  This 
group  of  words  is  therefore  referable  to  a  Germanic 
base  strut,  and  a  connection  with  K.  strut  is  possible  ; 
the  reference  may  be  to  the  prominence  in  the  throat 
below  the  chin.  Cp.  Icelandic  throti,  a  swelling, 
thrntna,  to  swell. 

Strozzacane  m. ;  (bo t.)  =  Apocino,  fly-trap  plant. 

Strdzzalino  m. ;  (iW.)=Carpa  terra,  dodder. 

Str6zzapr6ti  m.  pi.  indecl. ;  i.  (bot.) 
=  Prugnolo,  blackthorn.  2.  sharp- 
tasting  varieties  of  pears  or  plums.  3.  a 
small  fichu. 

Strozz-are  ind.  strozzo ;  i.  to 
strangle,  to  choke,  to  throttle.  2.  (mar.} 

—  la  catena,  to  jam  the  cable.    3.  -ato,  of 
a  bottle,  narrow  in  the  neck  ;  (nted.)  of 
a  hernia,  strangulated.     Aff:  -amdnto. 

Str6zzat6iO  I.  m.  ;  (mar.)  i.q. 
Strozza  (2).  2.  as  adj.,  sharp-tasting. 
*narrow-necked. 

Str6zz-at6re,  -atura;  vbsbs,  of -are. 
•Strozzierew.;  falconer. 

Strozzln-o  m.  ;  i.  trap  which 
strangles  the  victim.  2.  fig.  money- 
lender. Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -e'sco. 

•Strozzule  »>.;  =  . Strozza,  throat. 

Strubbiare  ;  v.  Strebbiare, 
tStru-care,  -ccare  (O.H.G.  thru/ten,  >  Germ. 
drticken)  ;  =  Spremere,  to  squeeze. 


Struciqlare  ind.  struciolo ;  to  cut 
into  fine  slices,  like  shavings,  Trucioli. 

Strufazzolo  m. ;  =  Brincello,  scrap. 

Struffo,  Struffolo  m.  (O.H.G.  stroufm,  a 
var.  of  strei/cn,  >Germ.  streifen,  to  strip,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Strip)  ;  rubber  made  of  rags  or  straw. 

*Strufon-e  m.;  i.q.  Struffo.    Aff.  *-are,  to  rub. 

Strugg-ere  per/,  strussi,  part,  strutto 
(short  for  Uistruggere,  q.v.) ;  i.  to 
melt.  2.  to  consume,  spend.  3.  —  uno 
a  quattrini,  to  be  always  asking  him  for 
money.  4.  -ersi  di,  to  long  for,  ///.  melt 
with  desire. 

*  Part.  Strutto  :  i.  ended,     ii.  widowed. 

*  Struggibroccoli  m. ;  person  of  no  account. 

Struggibuco  m. ;  tiresome  situation, 
tedious  story. 

Struggicu6re  m. ;  i.  heart-ache. 
2.  game  of  beggar  my  neighbour. 

StruggimtotO  m. ;  I.  melting. 
2.  boredom.  3.  tiresome  bore.  4.  Aver 
lo  —  di  corpo,  to  have  painful  diarrhoea. 
*=Distruzione. 

Struggistbmaco  m.;  tiresome  per- 
son. 

Strugg-itore,  -itricc  ;  vbsbs.  of -ere. 
Stru-ire  ind.  -isco ;  pop.  for  Istrulre,  to  teach. 

Strulla ;  Semplice  di  Val  di  Strulla, 
cunning  fellow  who  pretends  to  be 
simple. 

Strull-o  (either  intens.  Trullo  or 
corr.  of  Citrullo) ;  adj.  or  sb.,  booby. 
Aff.  -eria. 

Strumay:  (L.);  as  E. 
t  Strumare  ;  =  Mandar  male. 

Strument-accio/»<£f.,  -ale,  -almente;  v.  -o. 

Strument-are  ind.  strume'nto ;  i.  to  write 
instrumental  music.  2.  (.leg.)  to  make  a  written 
contract.  Aff.  -atura,  -azione. 

Strum^nt-o,  Strom6nt-o  m. ;  i.q. 
Istrurnento,  instrument.  Aff.  -fno  dim., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Strusciay!;  =  Pe7.zetta  di  panno  lino  nella  cui 
ripiegatura  si  fa  passare  it  filo  nel  dipanare  o  simile, 
strip  of  cloth  folded  for  holding  thread  in  the  fingers, 
as  it  is  wound,  without  hurting  the  skin. 

Strusci-are  ;  i.  to  wear  out  (lit.  by 
pushing  against  things).  2.  -arsi  a,  to 
gain  the  favour  of,  fawn  upon.  Aff. 
-amdnto,  -6ne,  -6na. 

Etym.  dub.  Prob.  <  a  bit.  form  "txtrustiarc, 
sync.  <  **  extrtisitare,  a  freq.  of  *  *  extmsare,  itself 
a  freq.  of  L.  extrudere. 

Strutta  /;  melting  or  the  thing 
melted. 

Strutto  ;  i.  part.  Struggere.  2.  as 
sb.,  lard. 

Struttura/ (L.);  structure. 

Struziine  f. ;  pop,  for  Istruzione.  *  =  Di- 
struzione. 

Struzza  /". ;  (w«r.)=Lanciafuori,  sprit  (of  a 
spritsail). 

Stnizzo  (Struzzolo)  m.  (L.  struthio, 
=  Gr.  o-rpoufJiW,  ostrich,  <  <rrpov66s, 
sparrow  ;  the  ostrich  is  called  o  j«'yor 
arpovdos  by  Xenophon  ;  v.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Ostrich,  Throstle);  ostrich. 


6o8 


STU— SUBDOLO 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word 

be < L.  typhus,={jt.  TV^OS,  exhalation,  vftppur,  and 
Bugge's  derivation  accords  with  the  historical  fact 


*Stu;  =  Se  tu. 

Stucca  ;  Lima  —  ,  silversmith's  file. 
Stucc-aminto  m  ;  v.  -are  (A). 

Stucc-are  (A)  (It.  stucco);  to  fill  up 
with  plaster. 

(B)  to  disgust.  In  this  sense,  the 
word,  though  conceivably  a  sort  of 
figurative  extension  of  Stuccare  (A),  is 
more  probably  <  O.H.G.  stunk,  stench, 
cp.  Stufo.  For  stunk,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Stink. 

Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Stuccb.6vol-e  ;  v.  Stuccare  (B).  Aff. 
-ezza,  -m^nte. 

*  Stucchiere  in.  ;  worker  in  plaster. 
Stucchin-aio>«.  ;  seller  of  -i.   t  =  Stucchino  (2). 

Stucchfno  m.  (dim.  Stucco)  ; 
I.  plaster  statuette.  2.  fig.  good- 
looking  but  expressionless  woman. 


tStucchio  «/.  ;  (&>/.)=  Acero,  maple. 
Stuccio  in.  :  pop.  for  Astuccio. 

Stucco  (A)  m.  (O.H.G.  stucchi, 
crust,  also  fragment)  ;  stucco,  plaster  of 
lime  and  fine  sand.  —  all'  olio,  putty. 
-  a  colla,  glue  putty.  -  da  fale- 
gname,  joiner's  putty.  -  da  vetrai, 
glazier's  putty. 

(B);  sync,  for  Stuccato,  v.  Stuccare 
(B). 

Stucc6so  ;  =  Stucchevole,  weari- 
some. 

Student-e  (L.);  i.  as  adj.,  studious.  2.  as 
st.,  school-boy,  student.  Aff.  -accio  fcgg.,  -ello 
-uccio  -ucolo  dims,  spreg.,  -esca  students  collectively. 

Studi-abile  adj.,  -acchiare  dim.  vb.,  of  -are. 

Studi-are  ;  as  E.  *  —  il  passo,  to  walk  more 
quickly.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Studi-0  m.  (L.)  ;  I.  study.    2.  studio. 

3.  {hist.)  university.     4.    A  bello  or  A 
sommo  —  ,  on  purpose. 

Studi-olino    m.  ;    dim.    of  -olo.      -61o    tn.  ; 

1.  dim.  of  -o.     2.  =  Scarabattolo,  cupboard. 

Studiosamente  ;  i.  studiously.    2.  on  purpose. 

Studioso  ;  i.  studious.  2.  =  Vago, 
Curioso  ;  —  d'  udirlo,  desirous  of  hear- 
ing it.  3.  as  sb.,  usu.  in  pi.,  student, 
i.e.  adult  student  with  no  teacher. 
*eager,  D.  Inf.  33.  31. 

Stuell-o  m.  (etym.  unkn.)  ;  pledget 
of  lint.  Aff.  -are,  to  plug. 

Stufa   /    (v.    Stufare);    i.    stove. 

2.  hot-house.     3.    Cotta  in  —  ,  (food) 
cooked  in  a  deeper  vessel  than  usual. 

4.  (chetn.)  heater  for  distillation.   5.  Far 
la  —  a  una  botte,  to  clean  out  a  cask 
first  with  boiling  water,  then  with  wine. 

*i.  =  Fomento,  Suffumigio.  ii.  =Terme.  iii.  a 
kind  of  vehicle,  iv.  Andare  alia  —  ,  of  one  who  is 
worthless  by  comparison  with  some  other,  v.  Fare 
—  ,  to  take  a  vapour-bath. 

Stufai61a  /  ;  stew-pan. 

*Stufai-61o,  -u&lom.;  vapour-bath  manager. 

Stufare;  i.  to  stew.  2.  --  una 
botte,  v.  Stufa  (5).  3.  to  annoy,  to 
weary. 

Etynt.  dub.  The  immediate  origin  may  be  bit. 
stufa,  >  Provenc..  estuba,  stuva,  Fr.  ftuve,  Span. 
estufa,  all  meaning  a  hot  room.  The  bit.  word  is 
attributed  by  Diez  to  O.H.G.  stuf  A,  room,  >Germ. 
Stube,  cp.  A.S.  stofa,  Swedish  stufva,  identified  by 
Grimm  with  A.S.  stdw,  place,  root  sta,  to  stand  fast. 
But  this  derivation  is  very  doubtful,  the  alternative 
being  that  suggested  by  Bugge,  viz.  bit.  **  txtufare, 
on  which  theory  the  It.  vb,  Stufare  would  be  the 
progenitor  of  Stufa  sb.  and  the  Germanic  words 
borrowed  from  the  Latin  source.  Extufart  would 


ugge 

that  hot  rooms  were  in  use  amongst  the  Romans 
earlier  than  amongst  the  Germans.  Cp.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Stove.  For  typhus,  v.  infra,  Tifo. 

Stufare,  to  nauseate  (cogn.  Fr.  ttouffer),  cer- 
tainly appears  to  point  to  ** extufare,  cp.  Lombard 
dial.  Tufo,  fetid  exhalation,  and  in  the  dialect  of 
the  Val  di  Chiana,  Tufea,  dense  mist,  Stufare 
holding  much  the  same  relation  to  Tufo  as  Stuc- 
care holds  to  stunk,  v.  supra,  Stuccare  (B). 

Stufat-o  m. ;  dish  of  stewed  meat, 
usu.  in  small  pieces.  Aff.  -(no  dim. 

vezz. 

Stuf-atura/;  vbsb.  of  -are.  -etta,  -ettina 
f.;  dims,  of  -a. 

*  Stufelare  (metathesis  of  Fistulare) ;  =  Fischiare, 
to  whistle. 

Stufo;  tired  of  a  thing,  "fed  up" 
with  it,  v.  Stufare  (3). 

Stummi-a,  or  pop.  Stumia,  Stiuma 
f. ;  (var.  of  Schiuma),  scum.  Aff.  -are, 
to  skim. 

Stufcia  /  ;  =  Stoia,  mat. 

Stubla  m.  (bit.  status^  <.  Gr.  o-roAos, 
<.  oT«'AAa>,  root  stel,  to  place,  cp.  Germ. 
Stelle,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Still,  Stall) ;  troop, 
band. 

Stuonare ;  i.q.  Stonare. 

*  Stuora  f. ;  =  Stuoia. 
Stupe-fare,  -fazi6ne  ;  as  E. 
Stup£nd-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -one  aitgm. 
Stupid-o  (L.,  <stuptrc,  to  be  astounded,  lit. 

to  be  as  one  struck,  root  stup,  to  strike,  v.  Stupro) ; 
asE. 

Aff.  -accio  P*gg.t  -Aggine,  •  amente,  -6tto  dim., 
-6zza,  -ire  to  make  stupid,  -ita,  -one  augin. 

Stup-ire  ind,  -isco  ;  to  surprise 
extremely. 

Stup6re  m.  (L.)  ;  i.  amazement. 
2.  (fned.)  stupor.  *i.  numbness,  ii.  — 
delle  acque,  hydrophobia. 

Stupr-are  ;  to  ravish.     Aff.  -atore,  -o  j/>. 

Etym.  L.  stuprum,  rape ;  in  old  Latin,  dis- 
grace of  any  kind.  According  to  Walde  the  original 
meaning  was  public  flogging  lor  disgraceful  conduct, 
root  stup,  to  beat,  cp.  Gr.  TVTTQS,  blow,  M.H.G. 
stupe  (>Germ.  Staupe,  whipping -post).  V.  infra, 
Tipo. 


^;  i.  Dar  la  — ,  to  uncork. 
2.  Prender  la  —  da,  to  follow  the  lead 
of,  be  influenced  by. 

Stur-are  ;  to  uncork,  v.  Turare.  Aff. 
-amtjnto. 

Sturb-are  ;  i.q.  Disturbare.  Aff. 
-amento,  -at6re,  -o. 

'Stutare  ;  =  Attutare,  to  smother. 

Stuzzicadenti  m. ;  tooth-pick. 

Stuzzic-are  ind.  stiizzico,  -hi  ;  i.  to 
poke  the  fire.  2.  to  keep  on  picking  at 
or  rubbing  a  sore  place.  3.  to  prod 
(an  animal),  stir  up  (a  nest  of  wasps), 
jar  upon  (a  person).  4.  to  stimulate. 
-  i  denti,  to  begin  eating  with  the 
object  of  arousing  the  appetite.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Etym.  unkn.  Three  suggestions :  (i)  by  Diez, 
<  M.H.G.  stvtzen,  to  shove,  (2)  by  Caix,  <  It. 
stocco,  rapier,  (3)  by  Pieri,  <  the  stem  of  Toccare 
with  intensive  prefix  s- ;  the  last  seems  the  most 
reasonable.  Aff.  -atoio,  -atore. 

Stuzzichfno  m.  ;  irritating  person, 
v.  Stuzzicare  (3). 

Stuzzicorecchi  tn.;  ear-pick. 

Su,  or  before  Uno  sometimes  Sur, 
or  (poet.)  Suso  (L.  susum  =  sursum, 
upwards,  <  sub,  versttm,  turned  up  from 


/  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

below) ;  I.  adv.  up.  2.  prep.  upon. 
3.  about;  Su' dodici,  about  twelve  years 
old.  4.  — ,  or — via,  come!  courage! 
5.  Su  su,  indicating  slowness  ;  Su  su, 
strada  facendo,  parlammo  di  diverse 
cose,  as  we  were  going  slowly  along  we 
talked  of  several  matters  ;  Siam  venuti 
su  su  e  con  tutto  il  nostro  comodo,  we 
came  up  slowly  without  at  all  exerting 
ourselves.  6.  Di  — ,  off,  from  off. 

7.  after  ;    Non    bere   su'   maccheroni, 
one  should  not  drink  after  eating  mac- 
caroni ;  Su'  pesci  mesci,  one  ought  to 
take     some     wine    after    eating    fish. 

8.  Tirar    — ,   to    bring    up,    educate. 

9.  Metier  — ,  to  set  up,  fix  up.    10.  —  di 
Ii,  somewhere  up  there,     ii.   —  per,  in 
or  on  ;    Lo  trov6  —  per  le  scale,  he 
found  it  on  the  stairs.     12.   —  per  giu, 
or  as  one  word  Suppergiu,  in  a  general 
way,  taking  things  all  round,  v.  Giu  (3). 

Suaccennato  ;  above  mentioned. 

Suacia  f.',  a  species  of  flat-fish,  Pleitronectes 
linguatula,  locally  termed  Petaraccia,  Petrale,  Pam- 
peloti,  Passera,  Linguatedda. 

*Suado;  persuasive,  D.  Par.  31.  49. 

Suasso,  Suazzo  m.  •  (or«/M.)  =  Svasso  mag- 
giore,  great  crested  grebe. 

Subaccoll-are  ind.  subaccollo  ;  to 
sub-contract.  Aff.  -atdrio,  -o. 

Subacqueo ;  a^  E. 

Subaffitt-are  ;  to  sub-let.    Aff.  -o. 

Subalpino;  as  E. 

SubalUrno  (L.,<«<i,  under,  alter,  another); 
subordinate. 

Subapennino;  as  E. 

Subappalt-are  ;  to  sub-contract. 
Aff.  -atore  one  who  lets  a  sub-contract, 
-fno  sub-contractor,  -o. 

Subasta/  (L.  sub,  hasta,  v.  Asta); 
auction. 

Subbia  /  (L.  subula,  awl,  akin  to 
suere,  to  sew) ;  stone-mason's  chisel. 

Subbiare ;  i.  to  work  with  the 
Subbia.  2.  =  Picchiare. 

Subbiello  m.  (dim.  Subbio);  pin  by  which  to 
tighten  or  relax  the  slings,  Cignoni,  of  a  carnage. 

Subbiitta/;  dim.  Subbia. 

Subbie"tto  m. ;  (poet.')—  Soggetto,  subject. 
*Subbillare;  =  Sobbillare,  to  instigate. 
•Subbilloso;  seditious. 

Subbino  ;//. ;  <iim.  Subbio. 

Subbio  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  ensouple,  Span. 
enjullo,<.\>\\..  insubulum,  in  Isidore,  all 
meaning  the  same,  akin  to  L.  subula,  v. 
Subbia);  i.  weaver's  beam,  roller  for 
the  warp.  2.  any  heavy  beam  placed 
so  as  to  revolve  on  its  own  axis.  3.  (mar.) 
in  pi.,  (a)  timbers  used  in  the  con- 
struction of  a  cradle  in  ship-building; 
(*)  wooden  pegs  bolting  together  parts 
of  a  vessel's  frame. 

*  Rimanere  in  — ,  =  Rimanere  sospeso. 

Subbiblo  m. ;  dim.  Subbia,  awl. 
Subbisso  ;  v.  Subisso. 
*Subbollire  ;  v.  Sobbollire. 

Subbiiglio  (Sobbuglio,  Sombuglio, 
Subuglio)  m.  (It.  subbollire) ;  hubbub, 
confusion. 

Subcontrario ;  as  E. 

*  Subdecupto  ;  ten  times  smaller. 

Subdol-o  (L.);  crafty.  /^ -amdnte. 


SUBENTRARE— SUGAMI 


609 


Subentr-are  ;  to  occupy  a  vacated 
place.  —  a,  to  replace.  Era  -ata  una 
profonda  tristezza,  a  deep  gloom  suc- 
ceeded. 

Subiettivo ;  subjective. 

Subietto  in. ;  =  Soggetto,  subject. 
*Subillare;  =  Sobbillare,  to  suggest, 
t  Subidl,  Subidtto  m. ;  lamprey,?'.  Lampreda(i). 

Sub-ire  init.  -isco,  perf.  -ii,  fart,  -(to  (L.);  to 
undergo.  *  =  Salire. 

Subiss-are  (Sobbissare) ;  to  over- 
throw. Aff.  -atore. 

Subisso ;«.  (a  contraction  of  **Sotto- 
abisso,  as  it  were  a  bottomless  pit) ; 
I.  utter  ruin.  2.  vast  quantity. 

Subitamente  ;  immediately. 

Subitane-o  (It.  subito   with  adjec- 
tival suffix) ;  sudden.    Aff.  -ame"nte,  -ita. 
Subfto  ;  part.  Subire. 

Subit-O  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sudden); 
I.  as  adj.,  unexpected.  2.  as  adv., 
directly.  3.  as  adverbial  sb.,  Su  quel 
—  non  seppe  rispondere,  he  was  unable 
to  answer  off-hand.  In  un  — ,  instantly. 
Aff.  -dzza. 

*Sublato;  =  Sottratto,  abstracted. 

Sublim-are;  i.  (chem.)  to  sublime.  2.  (poet.) 
to  raise.  Aff.  -amento,  -ato  sb.,  -atorio,  -atura,  -azione. 

Sublim-e,  -emente,  -ita;  as  E. 

Etym.  L.  subtimis,  placed  aloft,  prob.  <.  sub, 
limen,  lintel,  the  literal  meaning  being  that  of  under 
the  lintel  of  a  doorway,  therefore  high  up. 

Sub-linguale,  -lunare,  -oceanico;  as  E. 

Subodorare  ind.  subodoro ;  to  have  a  suspicion, 
lit.  smell  slightly. 

Subordin-amento,-are,-atamente,-azi6ne; 
asE. 

Suborn-are,  -azibne  ;  as  E.  (I,.,  <  sub, 
ornare,  to  fit  out.) 

*  Subrogare ;  =  Surrogare. 

*  Subsequiterzo  ;  half  as  much  again. 
*Subsolano;  =  Sottoso)ano,  east  (wind). 

Subuglio ;  v.  Subbuglio. 

Sub-urbano;  as  E.  -urbicario;  (feel,  hist.) 
belonging  to  a  church  outside  the  walls  of  Rome, 
-urbio  in. ;  as  E. 

•Subventaneo;  infertile  (egg). 

Succedaneo  (mlt.,<L.  succedere); 
i.  successive.  2.  (drug)  used  in  place 
of  another  which  has  similar  properties. 

Succfedere perf.  success!,  sometimes 
succe-dei  or  -detti,  part,  successo  or 
succeduto  (L.);  to  succeed,  follow. 

*Succendere;  =  Accendere,  to  kindle. 
•Succener-iccio,  -ino;  =  Soccenericcio. 
•Succenturiato  (I..);  (anal.)  extra,  false. 

Successibil-e  ;  (leg.)  in  the  line  of  succession. 
Aff.  -ita. 

Successi6ne/;   i.   as  E.     v.  (herald.)  Armc 
di  — ,  arms  assumed  by  one  who  succeeds  to  their 
bearer  otherwise  than  by  right  of  consanguinity. 
Successiv-amente,  -o;  as  E. 
Success-o,  -6re,  -6rayC;  as  E. 
Successdrio;  affecting  rights  of  succession. 
Succhiamele  m.',  v.  Succiamele. 

Succhi-are  (cogn.  old  Fr.  sucier,> 
Fr.  sucer,  Span,  chupar,  <  bit.  suctiare, 
freq.    of   sugere,    v.    Sugo) ;   to    suck. . 
*=Succhiellare. 

Aff.  .amento,  -atoio  bee's  proboscis. 

Succhiar61a  f.  ;  strum-box,  strainer,  in  a 
machine,  allowing  water  to  pass  but  preventing  the 
passage  of  any  refuse  matter. 

Succhiell-are  ind.  succhiello  ;  i.  to 
bore,  v.  -o  and  Succhio.  2.  —  le  carte, 
to  draw  cards  from  the  stock  one  by 
one,  looking  at  each.  3.  —  una  bella 
carta,y?jf.  to  have  a  stroke  of  good  luck. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Succbiell-e'tto  m.  ;  dim.  of  -o. 
-inaio  m. ;  seller  of  gimlets,  -inare  ; 
freq.  of  -are.  -too  m. ;  i.q.  -etto. 

H. 


Succhiell-0  m.  (dim.  of  Succhio,  B) ; 
gimlet,  auger.  Aff.  -one  augm.,  -uccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Succbio   m.    (A)   (var.   of   Succo) ; 

1.  juice   of   plants;    Andare,   Essere, 
'Entrare,  Venire  in  — ,  to  have  the  sap 

rising.  2.  by  ext.,  —  della  vite,  wine. 
3.  Essere,  Mettere  uno  in  — ,  to  feel  or 
cause  to  feel  desire  for.  4.  Non  c'  £  — , 
or  Non  c'  e  sugo,  there  is  no  sense  in  it. 

*  i.  =  Sugo.     ii.  Jig.  authority,  weight. 

*(B)  (fral>.  <It.  succhiare,  to  suck,  the  boring 
of  a  gimlet  being  regarded  as  a  sucking);  gimlet. 

SuccM6ne  m. ;  too  luxuriant  branch 
on  a  vine. 

*Succiabeone  m.;  great  drinker. 
Succiacapre  m.  ;  =  Nottolone,  goat-sucker. 
Succiamele  m.;(bot.)  broom-rape,  v.  Erba(;2). 
Succi-amento  HI.;  vbsb.  of  .are. 
Succiaminestre  m.;  spreg.  for  useless  person. 
Succiamp6He  m.:  s/«>f.,  =  Cherico. 
Succianespole  m.;  v.  Nespola  (3). 

Succiare  (var.  of  Succhiare);  to 
suck,  suck  in. 

Succiasangue  m.;  fig.  "sweater." 
Succiata/i;  a  suck. 

Succld-ere  ;  to  cut,  e.g.  a  vine,  down 
to  the  root,  t-ersi,  of  the  skin,  =  Reci- 
dersi,  to  crack. 

Succino  m.  (L.,  akin  to  succus)  ; 
amber. 

Succino  m.  (It.  succiare);  sucking- 
glass,  with  a  long  spout  for  drawing  the 
oil  off  the  surface  of  a  bottle  of  wine 
sealed  with  oil. 

Succint-0  ;      i.    part.    Succingere. 

2.  as  adj.,  with  the  skirts  tucked  up. 

3.  succinct.     Aff.  -amdnte,  -e"zza. 

Sdccio  m. ;  sucking,  or  mark  thereof. 
*In  un  — ,  instantly. 

Succiol-a/;  =  Ballotta, boiled  chest- 
nut. Aff.  -aio  seller  of  -e,  -ata  dish  of  -e. 

•Succiolo  »/.;  =  Castagno,  chestnut  tree. 

Succione  m.  ;  =  Succhione. 

Succlavio;  (anat.)  subclavian. 

Succ-o  in.  ;  =  Sugo.  Aff.  -osamente,  -osita, 
-<5so. 

*Succole//>/.;  =  Gallinelle,  the  Pleiades. 

Succubo  ;«.  (mlt.);  succubus,  demon  in  female 
form  visiting  a  man  in  his  sleep. 

Succulento  (I,.);  as  E. 

Succursale  (L.  succursus,  assist- 
ance); adj.  or  si.,  branch,  branch  office. 
Chiesa  — ,  additional  church. 

Succutaneo;  (meii.)  subcutaneous. 
tSilcena,  Siicina  /;  =  Susina,  plum. 
tSucero;  scherz.  for  Sudicio. 

*  Sucj ;  orange-coloured. 
Sucido;  =  Sudicio,  dirty. 

tSucino  m.  ;  =  Susino,  plum-tree. 

Sud  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sud,  of  Germanic 
origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  South) ;  south. 

Suda  ;  Fare  il  Cecco  Suda,  to  pre- 
tend to  work. 

Sudacchi-are  ;  dim.  Sudare.  Aff. 
-ata. 

Sudamin-a  /.  sing.,  or  -i  m.  pi.  ; 
eruption  due  to  heat. 

Sudare  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sweat) ; 
to  sweat. 

Sudario  m.  (L.) ;  handkerchief,  esp. 
that  which  was  used  by  Veronica,  in 
the  legend,  to  wipe  the  face  of  Christ 
and  retained  the  imprint  of  it 


f.  ;      i.      subjection. 


Sudat-a  a  sweat,  -accia  fiegg.,  -amente, 
-iccio  dim.  of  -o,  -o  covered  with  sweat,  -6re, 
-6ra,  -6rio  adj.  or.  sb. ;  v.  Sudare. 

Suddccan-o  in.;  junior  dean.     Aff.  -ato. 

Suddeleg-are  ;  to  sub-delegate.    Aff.  -aztdne. 

Sudd^tto  ;  above  described. 

Suddiacon-o  m. ;  (ecct.)  sub-deacon,  a  member 
of  the  order  in  the  ministry  next  below  the  deacons. 
Aff.  -ato. 

Suddialitto  m.  ;  =  Sottodialetto,  sub-dialect. 

Suddistin-guere ;  to  sub-distinguish.  Aff. 
-zidne. 

Sudditanza 
2.    citizenship. 

SudditO  (L.  subditus,  part,  of  siib- 
dere,  v.  supra,  **-dere,  in  loco);  sub- 
ject. 

Suddiv-idere ;  to  subdivide.  Aff.  -isibile, 
-isione. 

Sudduplo  ;  (math.)  sub-duplicate  (ratio),  viz. 
when  two  quantities  are  as  the  square  roots  of  two 
others. 

Sudic-erfa  / ;  dirty  trick,  -dtto  ; 
dim.  -6zza,  f.  ;  dirtiness.  -iaccio  ; 
pegg.  -iam^nte  ;  adv.  -fccio  dim., 
-fno  dim.  vezz.  or  iron.  ;  v.  -io. 

Siidici-o  ;  dirty.  Aff.  -one  -6na 
augms.,  -otto  semi-dim,  rather  dirty, 
-ume  quantity  of  dirt. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven?,  sous,  Span,  sucio,  sohtz, 
Catalan  sutsr,  Portug.  suj'a,  and  probably  l'"r.  surge, 
in  laine  surge,  unwashed  wool,  =  L.  lana  sucida. 
These  forms  are  <  bit.  ** sudicus  or  ** sudicius, 
metatheses  of  L.  sucidus  (>  It.  sucido),  <  succus, 
v.  Sugo.  Sudicio,  however,  may  be  a  direct  meta- 
thesis from  Sucido. 

Sud6r-e  m.  (L.  v.  Skeat, sub  Sweat); 
sweat.  -  anglico,  the  sweating  sick- 
ness of  1486  in  England. 

Aff.  -e^to  dim.,  -ifero  or-ifico,  .fno  dim.,  -iparo. 
•Sue  ;  i.  m.  (L.)  =  Porco,  pig.     ii.  =S»,  up. 
tSuero  m. ;  =  T rachuro,  horse-mackerel. 

Su&via,  Sv^via/;  (geogr.)  Suabia, 
in  Germany. 

Suflfetto  (L.  suffectus);  i.  (Rom. 
hist.)  Console  — ,  vice-consul,  in  ancient 
Rome,  elected  to  fill  the  place  of  a 
consul  dying  during  his  term  of  office. 
2.  chief  magistrate  at  Carthage. 

Sufficen-te,  Sufficien-te,  -temente,  -za ; 
as  E. 

Suffisso  m.;  (grain.)  suffix. 

Sufformativo  ;  formative  in  secondary  degree. 
Suffraganeo ;  suffragan. 

Suffragare  ind.  suffrage  (L.,  v.  Suf- 
fragio);  i.  to  assist,  mitigate  the  offence 
of.  2.  (eccl.)  to  assist  souls  in  Purga- 
tory by  prayer  on  earth. 

Suffragio  m.  ;  i.  as  E.  2.  (eccl.) 
prayer  for  the  dead. 

Etym.  L,,  <  sub  and  either  frag-,  stem  of 
frangere,  to  break,  referring  perhaps  to  voting  with 
broken  potsherds,  or  more  probably  frag.,  stem  of 
Jmifor,  noise,  where./>-.  is  for  splir-,  so  that  -fragium 
is  akin  to  Gr.  cn/tapayo?,  noise  of  bursting,  A.S. 
sprecan,  >  E.  speak. 

Suffrutice  m.;  (bot.)  shrubby  herbaceous  plant. 
Suffulto;  =  SorTolto,  v.  Soffolcere. 

Suflumic-are,  Suffumig-are,  Soffu- 
mic-are;  to  fumigate.  Aff.  -azione. 

Suffumigip  m. ;  l.  =  Suffumicazione. 
2.  dressing  with  disinfectants. 

Suffus-i6ne,  -o ;  as  E.    (L.,  r.  Skeat,  sub  vac.) 
*  Sufolare  ;  =  Zufolare,  to  wlmtle. 

Suga  ;  Carta  — ,  or  Carta  sugante, 
blotting-paper. 

Sugaia/;  dung-pit. 
Sugami  m.  pi.  ;  manures. 

77 


610 

Sugare  (It.  sugo);  i.  to  manure. 
2.  of  bad  paper,  to  suck  up  the  ink  like 
blotting-paper.  *=Succiare. 

Sugatto  (Sogatto,  Soatto,  Sovatto) 
m. ;  thong,  or  strap  of  soft  leather. 

Etym.  L.  sid'actus,  worked,  kneaded,  >  sitb- 
actum  (corintn),  worked,  i.e.  compressed,  leather. 
This  would  yield  Sovatto,  the  only  form  given  by 
Florio,  of  which  Soatto  would  be  an  obvious  variant. 
The  form  Sogatto  may  be  due  to  the  influence^  of 
Soga,  g.v.,  and  the  form  Sugatto,  which  according 
to  Rigutini  and  Fanfani  is  that  now  in  use,  would  be 
a  variant  of  this. 

Suggell-are  ind.  suggello  (var.  of 
Sigillare) ;  to  seal,  to  stamp.  *i.  to 
brand  (a  convict),  ii.  -arsi,  to  be  im- 
prisoned. Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Suggello  m.  ;  =  Sigillo,  seal. 

*  i.  Fuor  di  — ,  without  promise  of  secrecy, 
ii.  Jig.  assurance,  as  it  were  sealed  evidence,  D.  Inf. 
19.  21. 

Sliggere  ind.  suggo  suggi  ...,  perf. 
suggeM,  no  pass.  part.  (L.  sugere,  v. 
Sugo) ;  to  suck. 

Sugger-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Suggestion)  ;  to  suggest.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Sugger-it6re  ;«.  ;  -itrice  / ;  i.  v. 
-ire.  2.  (theat.)  prompter. 

Suggesti6ne  /;  I.  (leg.)  undue  in- 
fluence (over  a  testator).  2.  hypnotic 
suggestion. 

Suggestiv-0  ;  Interrogazione  -a, 
leading  question,  calculated  to  entrap 
the  person  asked. 

*Suggettare;  =  Assoggettare,  to  subdue. 

*Suggetto  m.  ;=Soggetto,  subject.  II  —  dei 
vostri  element!,  i.e.  the  world  to  which  you  belong, 
D.  Par.  29.  51.- 

Suggezi6ne  f.;  pop.  for  Sogge/ione,  timidity. 

*  Suggo  (Suggio)  ;//.;  (;;mr.)  =  Subbio  (3,  If). 
Sugherella  f. ;  a  variety  of  cork-tree. 

Sughere't-a/,  -o  m. ;  cork-plantation. 

Sugheriera  f. ;  cork  vessel  for  hold- 
ing an  ice-pail. 

Sugher-o  (Sovero,  Suvero)  m.,  -a  f. 
(L.  suber);  (hot.)  I.  cork-tree,  Quercus 
suber.  2.  Legnoda — ,  marsh  corkwood, 
Anona  palustris.  3.  cork.  4.  Festa 
di  San  —  =  Festa  leggera,  Festa  da 
nulla. 

Sugher6ne  m. ;  (ornittt.)  i.  =  Smergomaggiore, 
goosander.  2.  —  ciuflfuto,  =  Smergo,  red-breasted 
merganser. 

Sugher6so  ;  resembling  cork. 

*  Sugliardo  (either  <  L.  SHilhts,  swinish,  r. 
Suino,  or  <  Gothic  sauljan,  in  bisanljan,  to  soil, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Sully);  dirty. 

Sugn-a  /.  (cogn.  Fr.  axonge,  Span. 
exundia,  Grisons'  dial.  Sogna,  <  L. 
axungia,<axis,  tmgere)  ;  cart-grease. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

*Sugnaccio  »i.;  abdominal  fat,  esp.  in  pigs. 
•Sugnantone  ni. ;  a  kind  of  cloth. 

Sug-0,  Succo  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  sue, 
Provenq.  sues,  Span,  xuco,  jugo,  <  L. 
succus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Suck) ;  I.  juice  ; 

-  di   carne,  gravy.     2.    sap.     3.  Jig. 
good   matter,  e.g.  in  a  speech  ;  Senza 
— ,  with  nothing  in  it  ;  Direi  una  bugia 
senza  — ,  I  should  be  telling  a  senseless 
lie;    Con    che  — ?  to   what  purpose? 

4.  -  -    di    bosco,   iron.,   a    cudgelling. 

5.  in  pi.,  stupid  amusement  ;  Che  sughi, 
rovinare    cosi    queste   piante    giovani, 


SUGARE— SUPPEDIANO 

what  a  senseless  game,  spoiling  these 
young  plants  like  this.  6.  rich  manure. 
Aff.  -osame'nte,  -osita,  -oso. 

*Sugumera/:  =  Sicumera,  pomposity. 

Sufcid-a  in.;  as  E.  (the  actor).  Aff.  -arsl,  -10 
(the  act). 

tSuigi;  a  name  used  at  Pistoia  like  Cesare,  for 
So-and-so. 

Suindicato;  ahove  stated. 

Suino  (L.,<sus,  pig,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Sow,  Swine);  i.  of  pigs.  2.  as  sb., 
swine. 

Su-ismo  »i.  (L.  suf) ;  =  Egoismo. 
Aff.  -ista. 

Sul ;  contr.  of  Su  il.     *  =  Sud. 

Sula  /.  (Icelandic  word);  (ornilh.)  gannet, 
Sjila  Bassana. 

Sulfureo ;  sulphurous. 

Sulla  /;  —  or  Erba  — ,  French  honeysuckle, 
v.  Erba  (151). 

Sullodato;-Soprallodato. 

Sullogare ;  to  sublet. 

Sullunare;  sublunary. 

Sultana  yl;  I.  wife  or  mother  of  the  Sultan. 
2.  divan,  Turkish  sofa. 

Sultanin-a/;  i.  dim.  Sultana.    2.  =  -o. 

Sultanlno  m. ;  i.  a  Turkish  coin. 
2.  Sultana  raisin,  also  termed  Zibibbo, 
Uva  passa. 

Sultd.no  m.  (Arabic  for  "victorious," 
v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ;  i.  as  E.  2.  Color 
— ,  deep  red. 

Sumere  (L.);  of  a  priest,  to  partake  of  the 
Sacrament. 

t  Sumicare ;  =  Gemicare. 

Summentovato  ;  above  mentioned. 

Suminultiplo ;  (math.)  submultiple. 
*  Sun  ;  —  Sur,  upon. 

Sunnita  in.  (Arabic  sunnl,  regular,  <  suniiah, 
rule,  law,  esp.  a  collection  of  acts  and  sayings  of 
Mahomet,  forming  for  the  Sunnites  a  supplement  to 
the  Koran,  <  sauna,  to  arrange,  legislate) ;  as  E. 
The  Sunnites  are  the  orthodox  Moslim,  whilst  the 
Shiahs  or  Shiites  are  the  sect  which  hold  that  AH, 
first  cousin  of  Mahomet  and  husband  of  his  daughter, 
Fatima,  was  the  first  legitimate  successor  of  the 
Prophet,  rejecting  the  three  caliphs  of  their  oppo- 
nents, the  Sunnites,  as  usurpers. 

Sunnominato;  above  named. 
*Suns-ione;  v.  Sunz-. 

Sunto  m.  (L.  sumplus,  part,  of 
siimere,  v.  Assumere) ;  summary,  rt- 

snnti'. 

Suntuaria;  (Raman  hist.)  sumptuary  (law). 
Suntu6so;  =  Sontuoso,  sumptuous. 
Sunzi6ne  (Sunsione) /! ;  vbsb.  of  Sumere. 

Suo,  pi.  m.  suoi,  pi.  f.  sue  (L.,  v. 
Se,  B);  i.  his.  2.  Di  — ,  sponta- 
neously. 3.  La  sua,  the  best  plan  ; 
Abbia  a  partire  stasera?  £  la  sua,  must 
he  start  this  evening?  It  is  his  best 
plan.  4.  Far  delle  sue,  to  play  his 
usual  tricks  ;  Le  son  delle  sue,  this  is 
just  what  one  expects  from  him. 

5.  Tutti  i  giorni  sono  suoi,  of  a  person 
nearing  his  end,  or  a  woman  near  her 
confinement,  it   may  happen  any  day 
now  ;    similarly,  Tutte  1'  ore  son  sue. 

6.  Ha  avuto  la  sua,  he  has  got  what  he 
deserves.      7.    Dir  la   sua,  to   express 
one's  opinion  ;  Tutti  voglion  dir  la  sua, 
(not,  la  loro),  everybody  wants  to  speak. 
8.    Dalla  sua,  on  his  side  ;   Uso  ogni 
arte  per  tirarli  dalla  sua,  he  used  every 
artifice  to  get  them  on  his  side.    9.  Star 
sulle   sue,  to   hold   back,  keep   oneself 
reserved.    10.  with  the  force  of  a  plural, 
their,  D.  Par.  29.  112  ;  cp.  supra  (7). 

Su6cer-0  m.,  -&/.;  i.  father-, mother- 
in-law.  2.  (hot.}  Suocera  e  nuora, 
heart's-ease,  v.  Fiore  (16,  xxxiii). 


Suocer6na  f. ;  augm.  Suocera,  esp. 
in  sense  of  woman  who  orders  people 
about. 

Subla/  (var.  of  Suolo);  i.  sole,  or 
sole-leather,  v.  Suolo  (i).  2.  (mar.) 
plank-sheer.  3.  —  di  un  bacino,  floor 
of  a  dock.  4.  sole  or  face  of  a  plane. 
-  di  una  macchina,  bed-plate  for  a 
machine.  -  del  timone,  sole  of  the 
rudder. 

Sublo,  S61o  m.,  but  also  /  in  pi., 
see  note  below,  (L.  so/urn,  v.  Soglia, 
etym.)  ;  I.  (boolm.)  (a)  sole-leather; 
(6)  sole.  2.  sole  of  a  horse's  foot. 
3.  stratum,  layer  ;  A  —  a  — ,  one  layer 
after  another.  4.  surface  of  the  ground. 
5.  surface-soil. 

*i.  =  Pianta,  sole  of  the  human  foot.  ii.  =  Piano, 
floor,  of  a  building,  iii.  Uscir  del — ,  —  Impazzare. 

£3T  In  sense  of  sole  the  //.  is/J,  Suola  or  Sola  ; 
in  the  other  senses  it  is  m. ,  Suoli. 

Suonare  ;  v.  Sonare. 

Suono  m.  (L.  soiiits,  akin  to  Sanskr. 
svan,  to  sound,  A.S.  gesu'in,  melody, 
and  probably  to  O.H.G.  and  A.S.  swan, 
>E.  swan);  i.  sound  ;  Ballar  secondo 
il  — ,  i.e.  to  work  according  as  one  is 
paid  (according  to  the  sound  of  the 
money).  2.  striking  apparatus  of  a 
clock.  3.  —  degli  orecchi,  singing  in 
the  ears. 

Subra  f.  (cogn.  Proven(j.  sore,  Fr. 
soeur,  old  Span,  sor,  <  L.  sorer,  for 
**s-wesor,  akin  to  O.H.G.  swestar,  A.S. 
sveoster,  >  E.  sister)  ;  nun,  religious 
sister. 

Super-are  ind.  supero  (cogn.  Pro- 
veng.  and  Span,  sobrar,  <  L.  superare, 
<  super,  v.  Sopra) ;  to  overcome.  Aff. 
-abile,  -abilita,  -ame'nto. 

Superb-o  (L.,<  super,  v.  Sopra,  with 
a  suffix  -bus  which  is  probably  <  root 
bheu,  to  be);  i.  proud.  2.  superb. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -amente,  -ia  pride, 
-iaccia  pegg.,  -idtta  dim.,  -iola  pride, 
with  a  touch  of  obstinacy,  -iosaccio 
pegg.,  -iosamdnte,  -iose"tto,  -iosi'no,  -ioso 
proud  and  haughty,  -iuccia  dim.,  -6ne 
augm. 

Super-eccellenza,  -erogazi6ne,  -fetazione, 
-fice  i.q.  -ficie,  -ficetta  dim.,  -ficiale,  -ficialita, 
-ficialmente,  -ficie,  -ficietta  dim.,  -fluamente, 
-fluita,  -fluo,  -iorato  office  of  Superior,  -i6re, 
-iorita,  -iormente,  -lativamente,  -lativo ;  all 
as  E. 

'Superlazione  f.\  i.  {gram.)  formation  of  the 
superlative,  ii.  high-flown  language. 

Supern-o  (L.,  <  super,  v.  Sopra,  with  parti- 
cipial suffix  -tins,  v.  Pieno);  celestial.  AJf.  -amente. 

Supero  (L.);  high. 

Superrogazi6ne/;;  supererogation. 

Superstite  (L.,  < super,  stare);  surviving. 

Superstizi-one,  -osamente,  -osita,  -6so; 
as  E. 

Superumerale  m. ;  a  kind  of  ephod. 
*Superva-caneo;    superfluous.      *-cuo;   very 
empty. 

Supin-amente;  v.  -o.  -azidne  /.;  (anal.) 
as  E. 

Supino  (L.,<jw/-,  up,  v.  Sopra,  as  it  were 
looking  upwards)  ;  i.  lying  supine.  2.  supine,  care- 
less. 3.  as  sb. ,  supine,  in  L.  grammar,  perhaps  from 
this  part  of  the  verb  serving  as  a  base  for,  looking  up 
to,  other  forms. 

*Suppa/l  ;=2uppa,  sop. 

Supparey^  pi.  (L.  sttpparnm,  —  Gr.  o-ufrapos) ; 
(mar.)  sky-sails. 

Suppedaneo,  Soppedaneo  m.  (mlt., 
<  L.  sub,  pes) ;  footstool,  footmat. 

*  Suppediano  ;  T.  Soppediano. 


SUPPEDITARE— SVEGLIARE 


611 


crack  on  the 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2. 

Svacc-arsi  ;  to  lie  sprawled  like  a 
cow.     Aff.  -amdnto. 

Svag-are  ;  to  amuse.    Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-ataccio  pegg.  of  -ato,  -ataggine,  -atello 
dim.  vezz.  of  -ato,  -atdzza,  -ativo,  -o  sb., 
Susseciv-o  (Susecivo)  (L.  sitbsecivus, 


Suppedit-are  ;  to  hand  money  to  a 
junior  official. 

*i.  to  suffice,     ii.  to  subdue.     Aff,  -azione. 

Suppeltettile  m.  (L.  siipellex,  lit. 
that  lying  upon,  <  super,  +  lectus,  laid) ; 
furniture. 

Suppergiu ;  nearly,  more  or  less,  v. 
Su(i2). 

Supplant-are  ;  =  Soppiantare.      Aff.     -atdre, 


*Susorniare  ;  =  Sussurrare. 
*Susornione  ;=Sornione,  sly. 
*Susorno  m.\   i.    fumigation, 
head. 

*  Suspezidne  y!;  suspicion. 
*Suspingere;  v.  Sospingere. 
tSussapega./;  sucking-fish,  v.  Echineide  (2). 


Supplim£nto    /«. ;    as    E. 
deputy,    v.     Supplire    (2). 
supplementary.       Aff. 


-azione. 

Supplement-o, 
Aff.  -are. 

Supplen-te 
Aff.  -za. 

Supplet-ivo,     -drio  ; 
-ivamente. 

Supplic-a  f.  \  petition.  Aff.  -are,  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atbrio,  -azione,  -e  suppliant,  -emente, 
-he vole,  -hevolme'nle.  (L.  supplcxt  tit.  bending 
under,  <su&,  +  plic-  as  in  plicaret  to  fold,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Ply.) 

Suppl-icio;  v.  -izio. 

Suppl-im6nto;  v,  -einento. 

Suppl-ire  ind.  -isco  ( L.  suppler  e, 
<  sub,  **plere,  to  fill,  v.  Pieno) ;  i.  —  a, 
to  supplement.  2.  to  take  the  place  of. 
3.  to  suffice.  Aff.  -itdre. 

Suppl-izio,  -icio ;;/.  (L.^supplicare, 
to  pray,  accompanied  by  the  death  of 
the  animal  sacrificed);  punishment,^, 
that  of  death. 

Supponibtle  ;  possible  to  suppose. 

Suppdrre,  for  conjug.  v.  Porre  (L. 
supponere,  lit.  to  place  under);  i.  to 
suppose.  2.  to  change  (a  baby  at  birth). 
3.  part,  supposto,  v.  infra,  in  loco. 

Aff.  Supposi-tivamente,  -tivo,  -zione. 

Suppdsta/l;  suppository. 

Supposto  ;  i.  part.  Suppore.  2.  (Jtkeol^)  as  sb.t 
individual. 

Suppur-are  ind.  suppuro  (L.)  ;  to  suppurate. 
Aff.  -abile,  -ativo,  -aturio,  -azione. 

*  Supputare ;  to  calculate. 

Supra-  or  Supre-stizi6ney.;  superstition. 
Suprem-amdnte,  -azia,  -o ;  as  E. 
Sur;  v.  Su. 

Sur-a  /  (L.) ;  calf  of  the  leg.  Aff. 
-ale. 

Surcelli  m.  pi.  (L-,  dim.  of  surculus,  v.  Sor- 
colo)  ;  (tot.)  heather,  v.  Erica  (i). 

*  Surcolo  ;  v.  Sorcolo. 

*  Suro;  =  Sicuro. 

Surpanta  /.;  (mar.)  sling-hoop  of  a  spar,  v. 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  99,  H.  4. 

*Surr-essione,  *-ezioneyl;  resurrection. 

Surretizi-0  ( L.  surreptititis) ;  ob- 
tained under  false  pretences,  by  sup- 
pression of  an  essential  fact.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Surriscald-are  ;  to  superheat.     Aff.  -atore. 

SuITOg-are  ind.  surrogo  -hi  ;  to 
appoint  as  substitute.  Aff.  -abile, 
-ame'nto,  -azi6ne. 

*Surto;  part.  Sorgere.  —  di  collo,  =  Svelto, 
slim. 

Suscett-ibile  ;  susceptible.  Aff.  -ibilita,  -ivita, 
-ivo. 

Suschi  (Sussi)  ni.pl.;  tetters,  for  money. 

Suscipiat  ;  sckerz.  for  Bazza. 

Suscit-are  ind.  siiscito  (L.,<sus, 
for  subs,  up,  citare,  v.  supra,  Citare) ; 
to  arouse.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

*  Susecivo;  v.  Sussecivo. 

8usln-a/ ;  plum.  Aff.  -accia  pegg., 
-dtta  -fna  dims.,  -o  plum  tree. 

Etym.  Possibly  from  the  name  of  the  city  of 
Susa,  but  more  probably  for  Sucina,  which  is  the 
Sicnnese  form.  Sucina  may  either  be<  L.  sucimis, 
of  amber,  referring  to  the  colour  of  a  yellow  plum, 
or<  bit.  **sucinvs,  juicy,  <sucus,  v.  Sugo, 

*  Suso  ;  -  Su,  up, 


<  secare,  to  cut) ;  Ore  -e,  odd  moments. 

Susse-cutivo  or  -guente;  next  following. 
Aff.  -cutivamente,  -guentemente,  -guenza. 

Susseguire  ind.  susseguo  (L.  sub- 
sequi) ;  to  follow  next. 

Sussi  (Susse)  m. ;  i.  a  rudimentary 
form  of  quoits,  stones  being  pitched 
from  a  distance  at  a  mark  termed  the 
Sussi,  on  which  a  few  coppers  are 
placed ;  the  first  boy  who  hits  it  takes 
those  coins  which  lie  nearer  to  his  stone 
than  to  the  Sussi ;  the  rest  are  replaced 
on  the  Sussi,  and  the  game  proceeds  till 
all  have  been  won.  2.  Essere  il  — , 
(a}  to  be  the  butt  of  the  party  ;  (b)  to  be 
a  figure-head  in  command  with  no  real 
power.  I  As  pl.  =  Suschi,  money. 

Etynt.  Either  <.  Germ.  Scknss,  shooting,  or 
more  probably  a  reduplication  from  Su,  up. 

*  Sussidenza./;  precipitate,  de[M>sit. 
Sussidi-are,     -ariamente,    -ario,     -atdre; 

v.  -o. 

Sussfdio  m.  (L.,<sub,  sedere,  as  it 
were,  troops  sitting  in  reserve) ;  subsidy. 
*  instigation. 

SussiegO  m.  (Span,  sosicgo,  akin  to 
sosegar,  to  repose,  <  ** subsedicare,  < 
L.  sub,  sedere) ;  attitude  of  stiff  reserve. 

Sussistenz-a  /;  I.  existence. 
2.  (mil.)  Le  -e,  necessaries  for  an  army, 
=  Fr.  subsistances. 

Sussfstere  ;  to  subsist. 

'Sussolano  in.  (L.);  east  wind. 

Sussult-are  (L.  subsultare,  frey.  of 
subsilire,  v.  Salire);  to  start,  to  jump. 
Aff.  -o  sb.,  -6rio. 

Sussurr-are  (L.,  <  root  suer,  to  hum, 
with"  reduplicated  s,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Swarm,  Swirl);  i.  to  whisper.  2.  to 
murmur,  to  growl,  as  dissatisfied  work- 
men. 

AJf.  -ino  dim.  vczz.  of -o,  -10  freq.  sb.,  -o  sb. 
Suasurr-6ne  «/.,  -6nay!;  growler,  v.  -are  (2). 

Susta  f. ;  spring,  esp.  in  pi.,  the 
shafts  of  a  pair  of  spectacles.  *rope  of 
a  pack-saddle. 

Etytti.  H\\.\\er<i**sub-ex.cit(ire(cp.  **de-exci~ 
tare,  >  Destare),  or  <  sub-stare,  perhaps  the  former 
in  sense  of  spring,  the  latter  in  sense  of  rope. 

*  Sustante  ;  In  — ,  vipright,  on  the  feet. 

Sustr-a  /  (var.  of  Susta);  strong 
rope.  Aff.  -oncello  dim. 

*  Susurnione  ;~Sornione,  surly. 
Susurr-are  ;  =  Sussurrare  (i).     Aff.  -o  sb. 

"  Sutare;  =  Stizzare,  to  suck  up. 

*  Suto ;  'part.  Essere. 

Sutro  m.',  (0/w'//*.)  =  Tecco!a,  spotted  crake. 

Sutura/  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sew);  as  E. 
t  Suvanzare;  — Sopravanzare,  to  remain  over. 
*Suvero  in.  ;  =  Sughero,  cork. 

Suvvi ;  up  aloft. 

Suzzacchera  /  (for  Ossizacchera, 
g.v.) ;  fig.  unpleasant  job  (lit.  mixture 
of  vinegar  and  sugar). 

Buzz-are  (var.  of  Succiare) ;  to  suck 
up,  absorb.  Aff,  .ame'nto,  -o  adj., 
dried  up. 


amusement. 

Svagocciare  ;  vezz.  of  Svagare,  to 
amuse. 

Svagol-arsi  ind.  mi  svagolo  ;  dim. 
freq.  of  Svagarsi,  to  while  away  the 
time.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -ato  lounger. 

Svag6so  ;  amusing. 

*Svalere;  =  Struggersi  d'  una  cosa. 

Svaligi-are  ;  i.  to  unpack  clothes. 
2.  to  pillage.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atore. 

Svampare  ;  i.  of  flame  or  vapour, 
to  escape,  from  a  confined  space. 
2.  fig.  of  passion,  to  evaporate,  or  of  a 
project,  to  end  in  nothing. 

Svan-ire  ind.  -isco  (** 'exvanire,  v. 
Svenire) ;  i.  to  come  to  nothing.  2.  to 
lose  quality,  as  a  bottle  of  wine  left 
open.  3.  part,  -ito  di  mente,  or  simply 
-ito,  enfeebled  in  mental  power,  as  by 
old  age.  Aff.  -imento. 

Svaniticcio  ;  dim.  Svanito,  v.  Svanire  (3). 

Svano  in. ;  recess  in  a  wall. 

Svantaggi-o  m. ;  disadvantage.  Aff. 
-6so. 

Svaiizica/  (Germ,  zwanzig,  twenty, 
viz.,  twenty  kreuzer) ;  an  Austrian  coin 
worth  about  eightpence. 

Svapor-are  ind.  svaporo  ;  to  evapo- 
rate. Aff.  -abile,  -amdnto,  -ata  sckerz. 
for  railway  journey,  -azione. 

Svari-are  ;  i.  to  be  unstable  of  pur- 
pose, to  wander.  2.  to  deviate  from 
regular  rule.  3.  to  be  different.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -atame'nte. 

Svari-0  ;  6ytK.  for  -ato,  or  as  sb., 
variation. 

Svaridne  m.  •  blunder. 

Svas-are  ;    i.    to  repot   (a    plant). 

2.  to   plant   it   out.     3.  =  Accecare,    to 
countersink.     Aff.  -atura. 

Svasso  m. ',  (ornith.)  grebe,  Podiceps,  also 
termed  Occhialone.  Species :  i.  —  collo-rosso,  or 
rosso,  red-necked  grebe,  Podiceps  rubicollis,  also 
termed  Colimbo.  2.  —  ibrestiero  or  cornuto,  dusky 
grebe,  Podiceps  cornutits,  also  termed  Occhialone. 

3.  —  maggiore,  great  crested  grebe,  Podiceps  cris- 
tatus,    also    termed    Colimbo    col    ciuftb,    Colimbo 
crestato  maggiore,  Colimbo   maggiore,  Occhialone, 
Sperga,    Suasso,    Svasso,    Svasso    comune.      4.    — 
piccolo  or  turco,  little  grebe,  Podiceps  nigricollis, 
also  termed  Colimbo  orecchiuto  or  turco,  Occhialone. 

Svecchi-are;  to  freshen  up,  remove 
the  worn-out  parts,  e.g.  old  trees  in  a 
plantation,  or  obsolete  words  in  a  dic- 
tionary. Aff.  -atura. 

Svede'se  ;  Swedish. 

•Svegghi-;  v.  Svegli-. 

Sv^glia  /;  i.  alarum.  2.  (mil.) 
rcveil.  3.  (mar.)  —  dell'  equipaggio, 
piping  up  the  crew.  4.  an  old  kind  of 
trumpet.  5.  an  instrument  of  torture. 

Svegli-are  ind.  svdglio  ;  i.  to  wake 
up.  2.  to  begin  playing  (an  instrument 
of  music).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

77—2 


612 


SVEGLIARINO— SVIVAGNARE 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  /.  521,  §  2 


2. 


Svegliarfno      m.;      i.      reminder. 
alarum. 
Svegliata/;  awaking. 
Svegliat^zza  /  ;  wakefulness. 
SSvegliato  ;  wide  awake,  smart. 
Svegliatdio  m.  ;  stimulus  to  walce  up. 
£5vegli-at6re  m.,  -atdra,  -atrice  /  ; 
•vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Svegliere;  fof.  for  Svellere. 

Sv6gli-o  ;  i.q.  -ato,  wide  awake. 

•Svegli-one;  augm.  of  -a  (4). 

Svel-are  ind.  svelo  ;  to  unveil. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atamdnte,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Svelen-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  remove 
poison  from.  2.  -irsi,  to  exhale  one's 
venom. 

*  Svelicarc  ;  to  unveil. 

*  Svellato  ;  flowing  (hair). 


ind.  svello  or  svclgo  perf. 
svelsi,  svelgesti...,/«r/.  svelto;  to  root 
up  (a  plant),  pull  out  (a  nail),  pluck 
(a  branch). 

Svelt-6zza  f.  ;  smartness  or  slim- 
ness,  v.  -o.  —  di  mano,  eupk.  iron,  for 
Baratteria,  cheating. 

Svelt-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  smarten. 

SvMto;  i.  part.  Svellere.  As  adj.  : 
2.  slim.  3.  smart,  quick. 

Svenare  ind.  sveno;  i.  to  bleed. 
2.  to  impart  a  fine  grain  to  a  metallic 
surface. 

Sven-at6io  m.  ;  graining  chisel,  v.  -are  (2). 
Svenatura  f.  ;    exfoliation  at  the  edge  of  a 
knife. 

Sven6vol-e  ;  originally  the  contrary 
of  Avvenevole,  i.e.  unattractive,  but  the 
present  sense  is  that  of  affected,  lan- 
guishing, as  if  derived  from  Svenire. 

Aff.  -aggine  sfirtg.,  exaggerated  affectedness, 
-ezza,  -mente,  -<5ne  augm. 

Sv&nia  /.  ;  airs  and  graces,  v.  Sve- 
nevole. 

Sven-ire,  for  cotijug.,  v.  Venire  ;  to 
faint.  Fa  —  ,  of  one  who  works  very 
slowly,  writes  very  affectedly,  or  the 
like.  Non  se  ne  —  ,  to  have  no  wonder- 
ful liking  for.  Non  me  ne  svengo 
punto,  I  don't  care  for  it  at  all.  Aff. 
-imento. 

Etytn.  Cogn.  Fr.  fvanouir  in  s'Svatiouir,  to 
faint  or  to  vanish,  <  old  Fr.  esvantmir.  Provenc.. 
esvanuir,  Orisons'  dial,  svanir,  <  bit.  **txvatijtire, 
<  the  perfect  evnnui  of  L.  evantsccre,  <  f,  vafius, 
v.  Vano.  Cp.  Span,  desvanccerse,  to  become  in- 
sipid, to  vanish,  or  to  get  giddy.  The  e  of  Svenire 
is  attributable  to  Venire  as  used  in  the  phrase  Venir 
meno,  to  faint. 

Sventagliare  ;  to  fan  vigorously. 

Svent-are  ind.  svento  ;  i.  to  let  the 
gas  out  of  any  closed  chamber.  2.  to 
break  wind  or  to  belch.  3.  --  una 
mina,  to  prevent  its  explosion.  4.  fig. 
to  spoil,  frustrate,  e.g.  a  conspiracy. 

5.  to    ventilate,   to   air,   e.g.   bedding. 

6.  (mil.)  to  "  scale  "  a  gun  (to  clean  it 
by  exploding  small  charges  inside  it). 

7.  (mar.)  (a)  intr.  of  a  sail,  to  shiver, 
also  termed  Sfileggiare  ;  (b)  to  "  spill  " 
a  sail,  take  the  wind  out  of  it  either  by 
furling   or   setting   it   so  as  to  shiver. 
Part,  -ato:    8.    thoughtless.      9.    of  a 


sausage,  showing  bubbles.  *=Svento- 
lare. 

Sventat-aggine  spreg.,  -6zza;  v. 
Sventare  (8). 

Svfentola/;  fan. 

Sventol-are  ind.  sventolo ;  i.  to 
unfurl.  2.  to  flap,  flap  about,  cause  to 
flutter.  3.  to  move  grain  or  fruit  so  as 
to  air  it.  4.  -arsi,  to  fan  oneself. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -fo  Jreq.  sb. 

Sventr-are  ind.  sventro ;  i.  to 
eviscerate.  2.  part,  -ato,  with  a  limit- 
less appetite.  *to  eat  enormously. 

Aff.  -amdnto,  -ata,  i.  evisceration, 
2.  =  Spanciata,  q.v.,  3.  free  action  of  the 
bowels,  -atamente. 

Sventur-a/  (formed  as  the  opposite 
of  Ventura,  cp.  E.  misadventure);  mis- 
fortune. Aff.  -atamente,  -ato  unfortu- 
nate. 

Sventurdso  ;  unfortunate  in  sense 
of  bringing  misfortune. 

Svenuto ;  part.  Svenire. 
t&verbicare;  to  chatter. 

*  Svercinare  ;  =  Versare. 

Sverd-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  lose  green- 
ness. 

Sverg-are  ind.  svergo  -hi ;  to  melt 
into  bars. 

*  Svergheggiare  ;  to  beat  with  rods. 
Svergin-are  itid.  svergino;  to  deprive  of  vir- 
ginity.   Aff.  -amento. 

Svergogn-are  ind.  svergogno  ;  to 
shame.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Svergogn-ato  ;  i.  part.  -are. 
2.  shameless.  Aff.  -atamente,  -atdzza. 

Svem-are  ind.  svcrno  (**ex-hiber- 
nare,  <  L.  ex,  hibernus,  belonging  to 
winter,  -u.  Inverno) ;  to  pass,  or  get 
through,  winter.  *of  birds,  to  sing 
(when  winter  is  over).  Aff.  -amdnto,  -ata. 

Svernatoio  in. ;  OW.)  seed-case  sheltering  the 
germ  from  frost.  , 

*  Sverre ;  =  Svellere. 

Sversat-0  (L.  ex,  versus,  perhaps 
through  a  form  ** ex-versatus,  cp.  Rav- 
versato,  tidy) ;  untidy.  Aff.  -aggine. 

*Svertare;  i.  to  turn  the  Verta  upside  down, 
ii.  Jig.  to  blab  out. 

Sv^rza  f.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  splinter. 
*  =  Verzotto,  cabbage. 

Sverzare  ind.  sverzo;  i.  to  splinter. 
2.  to  plug  with  splinters.  t  =  Stridere. 

Sverz-etta,  -ettlna,  dim.,  dim.  vezz., 
of -a. 

Sverzino  m.  \  i.  pop.  for  Sferztno, 
whip.  2.  =  Verzino. 

Sverzolina/. ;  dim.  Sverza,  splinter. 

Svesciare  ind.  svdscio  ;  to  blab  out 
secrets. 

Svescic-are  ind.  svescico  -hi ;  to 
raise  a  blister  on. 

Svesci6n-e  m.,  -a/;  one  who  blabs, 
v.  Svesciare. 

Svestire  ind.  svesto;  to  undress. 

Svett-are  ind.  svetto;  to  lop  the 
top  of  (a  tree),  to  pollard.  Aff.  -amtfnto, 
-atura. 


Svfcvia ;  (geogr.)  Suabia,  in  Germany. 

Svezzare  ;=Divezzare,  to  disaccus- 
tom. 

&vi-are  ;  I.  to  lead  or  go  astray. 
2.  of  a  train,  to  run  off  the  rails.  3.  fig. 
to  avert.  4.  —  la  bottega,  to  cause  loss 
of  customers.  * -ato,  trackless. 

Sviat-<5io  in.  ;  points  (on  a  railway). 
-6re  in.  ;  pointsman. 

Svieolare  ind.  svicolo ;  to  shirk, 
sneak  away,  lit.  to  turn  down  a  side- 
street. 

•Svievole;  trackless. 

Svignare  (O.H.G.  svinan,  to  de- 
crease, v.  Skeat,  sub  Swim,  in  sense  of 
being  dizzy,  Swindler);  to  clear  out, 
make  oneself  scarce,  tisu.  as  refl.  Svi- 
gnarsela. 

Svigor-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  lose  vigour. 
Aff.  -imdnto. 

Svil-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  debase.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Svillaneggi-are ;  intens.  Villaneggi- 
are,  to  abuse.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore. 

Svilleggiare  ind.  svilldggio  ;  to  re- 
turn to  town. 

Sviluppare;  i.  to  undo  (a  covering). 
2.  to  develop. 

Sviluppata/I;  (gcoin.)  evolute. 

Sviluppo  m. ;  development.  Esser 
sul  — ,  to  be  in  process  of  develop- 
ment. 

*  Svimero  HI.  (Germ.  Scltwiinmer,  carriage  hung 
on  springs) ;  four-wheeled  carriage. 

Svinare  ;  to  draw  off  wine  from  the 
fermenting  vat.  -  vergine,  giovane, 
or  mature,  according  to  the  degree  to 
which  fermentation  has  proceeded. 

Aff.  Svin-a,  -atore,  -atora,  -atura. 

*  Svincere ;  to  undo  a  victory. 

*  Svincigliare  ;  to  whip  with  a  Vinciglio. 
tSvinco,  Svincolo  m. ;  lumbago. 

Svincol-are  ind.  svi'ncolo  ;  to  re- 
lease. —  una  merce,  to  remove  it  by 
paying  the  railway  or  other  charges. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Svirare  in. ;  of  a  cable,  to  slip  upon 
the  capstan. 

Svis-are  ;  i.  =  Smusare,  to  hit  on 
the  face.  2.  fig.  to  disguise,  misrepre- 
sent. Aff.  -amdnto. 

Sviscer-are  ind.  sviscero ;  i.  to 
eviscerate.  2.  fig.  to  get  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  (a  book).  Aff.  -amento, 
-atore. 

Sviscer-ato ;  i.  part.  -are.  2.  as 
adj.,  heart-felt,  devoted  (affection). 
Compliment!  -ati,  heartiest  compli- 
ments. Aff.  -atamente,  -atdzza. 

Svista/;  oversight,  mistake. 

Svit-are;  i.  to  unscrew.  2.  —  con 
forza,  to  screw  out.  Aff.  -atura. 

tSvitellare;  to  remove  a  calf  from  its  mother, 
t  Svitiato  ;  =  Slogato. 

Sviticchiare ;  to  disentangle. 

Svivagn-are;  to  cut  away  the  selvage. 
*  i.  fig.  to  spoil,     ii.   llocca -aia,  enormous  mouth. 


SVIVARE— TACCO 


613 


For  the  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  the  letter  S  see  the  simple  -word;  for  the  prefixed  S  see  S,  p.  521,  §  2. 

Syivare;  (metal.)  to  separate  gold 
or  silver  from  a  mercury  amalgam, 
lit.  from  the  quick,  i.e.  quicksilver. 

Sviziare  ;  to  cure  of  vice. 


Svfzzero  ;  Swiss. 

*Svizzo;    with    the   creases   smoothed   out,  v. 
Viz™. 

Svociarsi  ;  to  get  hoarse. 
Svociferare  ;  intens.  Vociferare. 
Svocinare ;  to  bruit  (secrets)  abroad. 

*Svociorare;  to  vociferate. 

Svogliam^nto  /«. ;  disinclination. 

Svogliare    (the   contrary   of    Invo- 
gliare) ;  to  disincline. 

Svogliat-0  ;   unwilling,  loath.     Aff. 
-accio   pegg.,   -aggine,    -amente,    -e"zza 
i.q.  -aggine,  -uccio  dim. 
*Svogliere;  v.  Svoigere. 

Svolazz-are ;    i.    to  flutter.     2.    to 
flit  about. 

Etym.     Either  <  a  bit.   form  **ex-volatiare,< 


L.    volare,   or  directly   as  dim.  <  It.    volare,   with 
intensive  prefix  s-. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atoio  adj.,  -atore,  -etto  dim.  of  -o, 
•  \fifreq.  sb. 

•  Svolazz-o  m.;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are, 
fluttering.  2.  thing  which  flutters. 
3.  (print.)  ornamented  initial  letter  or 
the  like  at  the  beginning  of  a  chapter, 
head  of  a  page,  etc.  4.  excessive  orna- 
mentation. 

*  Svolere;  =  Disvolere,  to  be  unwilling. 

Sv61g-ere  (Svogliere),  for  conjug.,  v. 
Volgere;  I.  to  unwrap,  unfold,  to  clear 
(a  rope).  2.  —  un  libro,  to  study  it. 
3.  (poet.)  =  Sciogliere,  to  set  free.  4.  of 
plants,  to  germinate,  to  grow.  5.  to 
develop,  show  the  position  of  affairs, 
sequence  of  ideas  or  events.  6.  to  dis- 
suade. As  refl.  -ersi :  7.  =  Slogarsi,  to 
sprain.  8.  of  a  wave,  to  break. 

Aff.  -imento,  -itore,  -itcra. 

Svblta  f. ;  turn,  in  a  road  or  river. 
Svolt-are  ind.  sv61to  (bit.  **exvo- 


lutare,  <  L.  ex,  volutare,  intensive  of 
volvere);  i.  i.q.  Svoigere  (i),  to  undo. 
2.  to  turn  (right  or  left).  3.  fig.  to  turn 
to  another  phase  of  a  subject.  4.  to  go 


wrong. 

Aff.  -ata  i.q.  •a[  -atore,  -atura. 
•Svolticchiarsi;  to  bend  either  from  straight  to 
crooked  or  from  crooked  to  straight. 

Svblto  ;  i.  part,  of  Svoigere  or 
syncop.  part,  of  Svoltare.  2.  as  adv., 
close  by,  often  iron.  (lit.  at  the  next 
turn). 

Svoltol-are  ind.  svoltolo  ;  to  roll 
about.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Svoltol<5ne  m.  ;  roll,  rolling,  or  as 
adj.  given  to  rolling  and  tossing  about, 
e.g.  when  asleep. 

tSvoltorella/;  =  Svoltolone. 
*  Svoltura  /  ;    i.  =  Svoltatura,   bending,     ii.  = 
Slogamento,  sprain. 

Svdlvere  ;  poet,  for  Svoigere. 

Svotare  ind.  svuoto  ;  to  empty, 
remove  the  stuffing. 


T  m. ;  Abbreviations :  Tomo,  Ter- 
mine.  Fatto  a  T,  T-shaped. 

Ta'  ;  apocope  for  Tali. 

Tabaccai-o  »i.,  -a  / ;  tobacco- 
dealer. 

Tabaccato  ;  tobacco  -  coloured, 
tawny. 

Tabacchier-a  /;  snuff-box.  Aff. 
-ina  dim.,  -ona  augrn. 

Tabacc-0  in.  (from  the  native  name 
in  Hayti  ;  Las  Casas  says  that  tabaco 
was  the  name  of  the  pipe  in  which  the 
Caribs  smoked  the  plant);  as  E.  Aff. 
-one,  adj.  or  sb.,  great  snuff-taker,  -oso 
smelling  of  tobacco. 

tTabachinay". ;  ra/.i»r-shell,  v.  Cannolicchio. 

•Taballo  «/.;  =  Timballo,  kettledrum. 

ITaban-are  ind.  tabano;  i.  to  work  very  hard. 
ii.=Tartagliare,  to  stammer.  *iii.  to  chatter.  Aff. 
t-io,  t-one. 

Tabano  (L.,  v.  Tafano) ;  slanderous, 
venomous. 

Tabarro  m. ;  loose  cloak. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  tabard,  tribart,  M.  H.G. 
tap/art,  taphart,  Span,  tabardo,  tiKKiern  Gr.  TO/*- 
iropioc,  mlt.  tabarrus;  of  unknown  origin,  iKjssihly 
a  corruption  of  L.  trabea,  a  robe  of  state. 

Tabe/  (L.);  (med.)  phthisis. 

*Tabefatto(L.);  i.  putrefied,     ii.  dirty. 

Tabell-a  f.  (L.,  dim.  of  tabula,  v. 
Tavola);  i.  list,  table.  2.  a  kind  of 
clapper  sounded  in  the  streets  in  Holy 
week.  3.  Sonar  le  -e  dietro  a  uno,  to 
make  fun  of  him.  4.  —  votiva,  votive 
tablet. 

Tabellion-are  (L.);  to  affix  a  no- 
tarial seal.  Aff.  -ato,  device  on  notarial 
documents. 

Tabell6ne  m. ;  a  placard  fixed  upon 
the  church  of  St  Bartholomew,  on  the 
island  in  the  Tiber,  with  a  list  of  per- 


sons excommunicated  for  not  having 
complied  with  the  Precetto  pasquale. 

Tabernacol-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tavern) ;  i.  niche  in  a  wall  for  a  sacred 
figure.  2.  the  Jewish  Tabernacle. 
3.  (/£T/.)  =  Ciborio.  4.  =  Ammennicolo, 
Gabbano  di  vestiario.  Di  qui  che  ti  sei 
messo  tutti  i  -i,  from  the  time  when  you 
put  on  all  this  stuff. 

*i.  cell.     ii.  chapel,     iii.  (mar.)  captain's  cabin. 
Aff.  -etto,  -ino  dims. 

*Tabl  ;«.  (Pers.  uttlbi,  the  quarter  in  Bagdad 
where  the  stuff  was  made);  tabby,  a  coarse  kind  of 
watered  silk. 

*Tabido;  consumptive. 

*Tabifico;  i.  melting,     ii.  producing  phthisis. 

*  Tabissato ;  made  of  tabby,  v.  Tabi. 

tTabollo  in.;  (bot.)  =  1'Mo,  shoot. 

*Tabulario  m. ;  record  office. 

Tacca  /  (A) ;  i.  notch.  2.  (print.) 
nick.  3.  tally,  a  stick  cut  or  notched  to 
match  another  stick,  used  to  mark  num- 
bers or  keep  accounts  by ;  down  to  1800 
these  were  used  in  England  for  keeping 
accounts  in  Exchequer,  answering  the 
double  purpose  of  receipts  and  public 
records.  4.  i.q.  Intaccatura,  dint,  acci- 
dental notch.  5.  Esser  come  la  stadera 
dell'  Elba  che  aveva  la  prima  —  sul 
mille,  to  be  like  the  Elba  steelyard,  the 
first  notch  of  which  marked  a  thousand, 
i.e.  to  be  grave,  reserved.  6.  Di  mezza 
— ,  of  middle  quality  in  any  respect. 

7. (a)  by  regular  steps,  (b)  so,  so ; 

Campano  -  — ,  they  just  manage  to 
get  along.  8.  fig.  blemish  in  character. 
*  =  Macchia,  flaw. 

Etym.     Cogtt.   Fr.  tache,  flaw,  E.  tack,  Dutch 
tacken,  to  grasp,  apparently   belonging   to   a   Ger- 
manic  root    tac,  >  Germ.  Zacke,   prong,   v.   Skeat, 
sub  Tack,  Zigzag,  and  infra,  Tacco. 
t(B);=Tacchma,  hen  turkey. 

Taccagn-o  ;  sordid,  niggardly.  Aff. 
-erfa. 

Etym.  dub.  Prob.  either  akin  to  Tacca  (A)  or, 
as  Diez  suggests,  to  O.H.G.  zAhi,  >  Germ.  itSA, 


*Taccare  ;  =  Marcare,  to  mark. 
Taccaruolo  >«. ;  cooper's  notching  knife. 
Taccat-a  /.;   (mar.)  wedge  block;    in//.,  -e 
d'  uno  scalo  di  costruzione,  building  stocks. 

Taccheggiare  ind.  tacch<£ggio;  to  overlay,  v. 
Tacco  (4). 

•Tacchelle  //)/.;  =  Manette,  handcuffs. 
Taccherell-a,  -ina;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Tacca. 
Tacchettare  ;=  Battere  il  tacco,  v.  Tacco  (2). 
t  =  Far  delle  tacche. 

Tacch£tto  ;//. ;    i.    (mar.)  —  del  bompresso, 
saddle   of  a  jib-boom,  also  termed   Cuscino.      2.= 
Noltolino,  catch.     3.  =Castagnola,  cleat. 
*Tacchia/;  =  Truciolo,  chip. 

Tacchin-o  m.  (Etym.  dub.,  prob. 
borrowed  from  E.  turkey);  turkey. 

Aff.  -a  hen  turkey,  -accia/<ffir.,-dne  -onxaitgnis., 
-6tto  fat  young  turkey,  -uccio  -uccia  dims,  spreg. 

Tacci-a  /  (yar.  of  Tacca) ;  imputa- 
tion. Aff.  -abile,  -are  vb. 

Tacciaiblo  m.  ;=Chi  piglia  un  la- 
voro  a  taccio. 

Taccio  (prob.<L.  taxare,  v.  Tas- 
sare,  through  forms  **taxiare,  **tasci- 
are) ;  rough  estimate  of  the  value  of  a 
sum  total.  Fare  un  — ,  to  settle  in  the 
gross. 

*Tenere  a  — ,  to  maintain  for  a  fixed  payment. 

Tacco  m.  (A)  (prob.  akin  to  Tacca, 
q.v.,  the  root  tac  having  had  the  sense 
of  grip,  place  at  which  a  thing  can  be 
seized)  ;  i.  heel  of  a  boot.  2.  Battere 
il  — ,  (a)  to  run  off,  (b)  to  walk  up  and 
down.  3.  Alzare  i  tacchi,  to  give  one- 
self airs.  4.  (print.)  overlay,  a  piece  of 
paper  pasted  on  the  impression-sur- 
face of  a  printing-press,  so  as  to  increase 
the  impression  in  a  place  where  it  is 
too  faint.  5.  Mettersi  a'  tacchi  d'  uno, 
to  put  oneself  in  his  place,  lit.  in  his 
heels.  6.  (mar.)  chock,  short  stout 
piece  of  timber  serving  various  pur- 
poses and  shaped  accordingly.  —  per 
appoggio  dell'  asta  di  fiocco,  jibboom 
saddle. 

(B)  pop.  for  Tacchinb,  turkey. 


614 


TACCOLA— TALEA 


Taccola  /  (A);  i.  dim.  Tacca, 
slight  fault  or  flaw.  2.  trifle.  *  =  Tresca, 
game. 

(B)  (O.H.G.  Mia  of  imit.  origin,  > 
M.H.G.tatte/e,  Germ.  Do/tie,  cp.  E.  daw); 
(orntth.)  jackdaw,  Corvus  monedula,  also 
termed  Cornacchia,  Monacchia,  Mu- 
lacchia,  Corvacchia,  Corvetto,  Corvo 
de'  campanili,  Gracchiola,  Mustacchia. 

tTaccolare;  to  chatter. 

*Taccolino   in,  ;    i.    a    kind    of  coarse  cloth. 
tii.  =  I'Oia,  dirt. 

Tdccolo  m.  (A)  (root  lac,  v.  Tacca, 
Tacco);  i.  small  debt,  cp.  Chiodo,  debt, 
lit.  nail.  2.  slight  fault  or  flaw  ;  in  this 
sense  a  variant  of  Taccola. 

*t.  =  Tresca,    game,    jest.      ii.    tiresome    affair. 
iii.    trifle. 

t(B)  (O.H.G.    tacit,  >  Germ.   Dacht,    wick);  = 
Moccolaia,  snuff  of  a  candle. 

Tacconare  ind.  taccono  ;  (shoem.)  to  sew  a 
double  sole  firmly  on,  instead  of  fastening  it  with 
little  tacks. 

Tacc6ne  in.  ;  i.  attgtn.  Tacco.  2.  tag, 
in  verses.  3.  (mar.}  lining  (of  a  sail). 

Taccufno  m.  (Arabic  tagvim,  calen- 
dar, lit.  arrangement,  cp.  Hebrew 
thachan,  to  count)  ;  pocket  memorandum 
book.  *  calendar. 

Tacere  ind.  taccio  taci  tace  taciamo  tacete 
tacciono,  perf.  tacqui  tacesti  tacque  tacemmo  taceste 
tacquero,  or  pop,  tacei...,  or  poet,  tacetti...,  part. 
taciuto  (cogn.  Fr.  taire,  <  L.  tacere,  akin  to  Gothic 
thak-an,  O.H.G.  tag-in);  to  be  silent,  or  tr.,  to  be 
silent  about,  to  keep  back. 

Tacheografo  m.  (Gr.  TUX^S,  quick);  a  printing 
and  writing  machine. 

Tachedmetro  m.  (Gr.);  a  surveyor's  instru- 
ment. 

Tachigrafia  f.  ;  =  Stenografi'a. 

Tacit-are;  i.  to  satisfy  (Jit.  silence) 
a  creditor.  2.  -arsi  con  uno,  to  come 
to  terms  with  him. 

Tacit-eggiare  ind.  taciteggio  ;  to  imitate 
Tacitus,  the  ancient  Roman  historian.  AJf.  -iano, 
-ista. 

Tacit-o;  silent.  Socio  —  ,  sleeping  partner. 
Condi/ione  —  ,  a  tacit  condition.  AJf.  -amente. 

Taciturn-o  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Taddeo;  i.  a  proper  name.  2.  as  sb.,  block- 
head. 

Tadorna/;;  (ornitk.)=  Volpoca,  sheldrake. 

Tafanare  ind.  tafdno;  i.  to  sting. 
2.  intr.  to  buzz  about,  not  doing  any- 
thing. 

Tafanario  m.\  vulg.  —  Sedere,  the  seat. 

Tafano  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  taon,  Span. 
tabano,  <  L.  tabanus)  ;  horsefly. 

Taffe,  Taffeta  ;  an  imit.  interjection  expressing 
a  sudden  bang  or  sharp  surprise,  v.  Tafferuglio. 

Tafferia  f.  (Arabic  taifurija)  ;  shal- 
low bowl. 

Tafferuglio  m.  (Tafferugia  /); 
scrimmage. 

Etym.  dub.  It  is  referred  by  Caix  to  the  Ger- 
manic imit.  base  tab  or  tap,  to  slap,  cp.  E.  tap,  pat, 
dabf  a  variant  of  which,  Taffe,  is  an  Italian  inter- 
jection. The  rest  of  the  word  is  suffix,  -er  repre- 
senting possibly  a  verbal  suffix  -are  or  -erare,  to 
which  a  substantival  suffix  -uglio  was  added  repre- 
senting the  L.  -iilius  or  -uculus.  A  less  probable 
theory  traces  the  word  to  M.H.G.  tafel,  v.  Taffiare, 
feasting  and  drinking  being  conducive  to  quarrelling. 
The  old  form  Tafferugia  is  due  to  L.  -utia,  cp.  L. 
tninutia,  >  It.  Minugla. 

Taffete;  v.  Taffe. 


tafta 


.  . 

Taffetta    m.   (Persian   taftak,  pass.   part,    of 
n,  to  twist);  taffeta,  a  thin  silk  stuff.     *  shawl. 


an,    o   w  ,  .  . 

Taffiare  (M.H.G.  tavelen,  to  feast,  or  perhaps 
<  the  sb.  tafel,  table,  <  L.  tabula,  v.  Tavola)  ;  to 
guzzle. 

TagayC  (cogn.  Fr.  itague,  perhaps  <  root  tac, 
to  grip,  -v.  Tacco);  (mar.)—  Amante,  tye,  the  length 
of  rope  used  to  transmit  the  effort  of  a  tackle  to  a 
yard. 


Tagano  m.  (Turkish  word);  yataghan,  Moorish 
knife. 

Tagli-a  /  (A)  (vbsb.  of  Tagliare) ; 
i.  cutting, ,e.g.  hay.  2.  Di  mezza — ,  of 
middle  height,  cp.  Tacca  (6).  3.  blood- 
money,  price  upon  the  head  of  an  out- 
law ;  Aveva  addosso  tante  -e,  a  price 
had  repeatedly  been  set  upon  his  head. 

4.  =  Lega,  alliance.      5.    levy,  tax,  war 
indemnity.      6.    tally,    v.    Tacca    (3)  ; 
Fare   a   — ,   to    keep   an   account    by 
notching.     7.  =  Margotta,  layer  (of  an 
olive-tree). 

(B)  ( <  the  Germanic  root  tac,  v. 
Tacca,  Tacco);  (mar.)  tackle. 

£3T  Other  derivations  have  been  suggested  for 
some  of  the  senses  of  Taglia  (A),  viz.  for  (5)  **  tacula, 
<  bit.  tacus,  tax,  and  for  (6)  L.  talea,  rod,  but  it 
seems  equally  likely  that  these  meanings  are  all 
referable  to  Tagliare. 

Tagli-Abile  ;  ready  for  cutting. 
-ab6rse  ;  cut-purse,  -abbschi  ;  wood- 
cutter. -acant6ni ;  swaggerer,  bully, 
-acarte;  paper-knife.  * -adore  ;  =  Tag- 
here,  plate,  -aferro  ;  knife  of  the  finest 
steel,  -ale'gna  or  -ale'gne ;  wood-chop- 
per, -amare  ;  (mar.)  cut-water  (these 
compounds  all  m.  indccl.). 

Tagli-ame'nto  m. ;  •vbsb.  of  -are. 
Tagliando  m.  •  (com.)  coupon. 

Taglia-pasta  HI.  indecl. ;  pastry- 
cutter,  -p^sce  m.  indecl. ;  fish-slice. 
-pietre  m.  indccl. ;  stone-cutter. 

Tagli-are  (cogn.  Fr.  tailler.  Span. 
tajar,  <  bit.  taliare,  which  is  of  doubt- 
ful origin,  viz.  either  <  L.  talea,  sprig, 
slender  rod,  or  <  Gothic  taljan  or 
O.H.G.  daljan,  >  Germ,  t/icilen,  to 
divide);  i.  to  cut.  2.  to  cut  down 
(underwood).  3.  to  cut  out  (clothes), 
to  cut  (a  joint  from  a  carcase),  to  carve 
(meat).  4.  to  mix  one  quality  of  liquor 
with  another;  Gli  andarono  male  due 
botti  di  vin  vecchio,  ed  egli  lo  taglio 
con  una  botte  di  vin  nuovo,  he  had  two 
casks  of  old  wine  which  was  gone  off, 
so  he  mixed  a  cask  of  new  wine  with  it. 

5.  —  i  panni  addosso  a  uno,  or  -aila  a 
uno,  to  speak  evil  of  him. 

Part,  -ato :  6.  (mus.)  Tempo  -ato, 
ordinary  time.  7.  cut  out  for ;  Ai  com- 
plimenti  non  ci  sono  -ato,  I  am  not  cut 
out  for  compliments.  8.  (Aeralii.)(Sc\ido) 
-ato,  divided  by  a  diagonal  line  from 
sinister  chief  to  dexter  base.  *to 
assess. 

Tagliaricbtte  m.  indecl. ;  boaster. 

Tagliata/;  I.  cutting.  2.  (fortif.) 
ditch,  with  a  parapet  and  barricade  of 
timber.  *  =  Strage. 

Tagliatelli  m.  pi. ;  vermicelli,  v. 
Tagliolino  (3). 

Taglia-tini  m.  pi. ;  dim.  of  -telli. 

Tagliatdio  m.  ;  paper- cutting  ma- 
chine. 

Tagli-at6re,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura;  v.  -are. 
Tagliavento  m.\  (mar.)  trysail. 

Taglieggi-are  ind.  taglie"ggio ;  to 
tax,  to  assess,  v.  Taglia  (5).  Aff. 
-atore. 

Tagliente ;  cutting,  sharp. 


Tagli6r-e  m. ;  trencher.  *plate, 
dish.  Aff.  -e"tto,  -fno,  -uccio  dims. 

Taglierini  m.  pi. ;  i.q.  Tagliatelli. 

Taglie'tt-o  m. ;  i.  dim.  Taglio,  small 
slice.  2.  =  Pinzetta  a  taglio,  cutting 
nippers.  Aff.  -mo  dim. 

Taglio     m.  ;     i.     cut     or     cutting; 

—  degli  alberi,  felling  trees.     2.   art  of 
cutting  out,  v.  Tagliare  (3).     3.   piece 
of  cloth  cut  off,  enough  for  one  garment. 
4.    butcher's  joint.     5.    cut,  shape  of  a 
dress,  or  of  a  sail.     6.    cutting  edge ; 

—  vivo,  sharp  edge  ;  —  morto,  obtuse 
edge.      7.    A   — ,   (food  sold)   by   the 
piece.       8.     (Cadere,    Venire)    in    — , 
opportunely,  appropriately.     9.    Essere 
in  sul  — ,  of  a  plantation,  to  be  ready 
for   cutting.      10.    (bookb.)  the    edges  ; 

-  dorato,  gilt-edging. 

Tagli-61a.  -ubla/;  i.  trap,  e.g.  for 
a  wolf.  2.  dim.  Taglia  (B),  tackle. 

Tagliolin-o  m. ;  i.  dim.  Taglio  (4). 
2.  in  //.,  a  kind  of  thin  sausages.  3.  -i, 
Taglierini  or  Tagliatelli,  a  kind  of  paste 
for  soup  made  of  flour  and  a  little  water 
with  or  without  eggs;  this  is  rolled  out 
thin  and  then  rolled  up  upon  itself  like 
a  roll  of  paper,  and  lastly  cut  transversely 
with  a  sharp  knife  into  sizes  as  desired. 

Tagli-61o,  -ublo  m.  •  i.  dim.  Taglio 
(4).  2.  --a  caldo,  a  freddo,  hot,  or 
cold,  chisel. 

Tagli6ne  m.  (A)  (L.  talio,  retaliation 
in  kind,  as  in  lex  talionis ;  of  Celtic 
origin,  cp.  Welsh  ial,  payment,  Irish 
taille,  wages,  Gaelic  taileas,  wages, 
Cornish  taly,  to  pay) ;  retaliation. 

t(B);  (mar.)  augm.  Taglia  (B),  =  Bozzellone, 
winding  tackle-block. 

Tagli-uccio  m.\  dim.  spreg.  of -o. 

Tagliuol-a,  -o;  ?'.  Tagliol-. 

Tagliuzz-are ;  to  cut  into  little  bits.  Aff. 
-amento. 

Taicun  m.  itidccl.\  (Japanese)  Tycoon. 

Taide  ;  Thais,  a  courtesan  of  the  time  of 
Alexander  the  Great. 

Taite,  Taitte  m.  (E.  tight);  smart  overcoat. 

Talabalacco  m.  (Persian  toeblek,  drum);  a 
Moorish  instrument  used  in  war. 

Talacimanno  m.  (Arabic  tellal,  trumpet, 
itnan,  priest);  Mahometan  muezzin,  who  summoned 
the  faithful  to  prayer. 

Talamo  m.  (L-,  <Gr.) ;  bridal  couch  or  chamber. 
*(war.)  i.  the  lowest  and  easiest  bencli  in  a 
galley,  the  oars  being  there  shortest,  ii.  a  sheltered 
space  near  the  stern. 

Talare  (L.,  <  talus,  heel,  tunica 
talaris,  tunic  reaching  to  the  heels)  ; 
i.  Abito  — ,  priest's  gown.  2.  as  sf>. 
in  pi.,  Talari  =  L.  talaria,  the  winged 
sandals  of  Mercury. 

Talche  ;    contr.  of  Tale   che,  such 

that. 

Talc-o/«.  (Arabic  talq,  mica);  i.  talc.     -2.(bot.) 

—  celeste,  forget-me-not,  v.  Miosotide.     Aff.  -oso. 

Tale  (L.  t-a/is,  <  Indogerm.  to,  he 
or  that,  with  suffix  -alls  expressing  like- 
ness); i.  such.  2.  —  e  quale,  exactly 
alike ;  Ve  lo  do  —  e  quale,  I  tell  it  to 
you  exactly  as  it  occurred.  3.  A  - 

che,  to  such  an  extent  that 4.  Un 

— ,  so  and  so,  a  certain  man;  II  — , 
what's-his-name.  5.  (poet.)  =  Taluno. 
6.  Tal  sia  di  lui,  serve  him  right. 

Talea/  (L.);=Piantone,  cutting. 


TALENTARE— TANTO 


615 


Talentare ;  to  please. 

Talent-o  ;//.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  root  tel,  to 
carry,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Talent,  Tolerate; 
the  talent  was  originally  a  balance, 
hence  a  standard  weight,  usii.  of  silver) ; 
I.  the  ancient  talent,  as  a  standard 
measure.  2.  talent,  ability.  3.  by  ext. 
and  association  of  ideas,  wish ;  Faccia 
pur  il  suo  — ,  do  as  you  wish ;  Mai  — , 
spite,  ill-temper. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -<5ne  augm. 

TaI6te;  Thales,  the  Greek  philosopher. 

Talismano  m.\  as  E.  The  word  passed  into 
Europe  out  of  Arabic,  but  its  origin  is  Greek ; 
re'Aeerna  (<TeA«u,  to  complete,  <  re'Aos,  end),  mean- 
ing properly  "religious  rite,"  was  the  name  given  in 
the  time  of  the  Byzantine  empire  to  statues  of  pagan 
divinities,  which  were  considered  maleficent,  and  the 
word  was  adopted  by  the  Arabs  as  telsam,  of  which 
telsaman  is  //.  In  the  sixteenth  century  pagan  and 
Mahometan  priests  were  called  talismans. 

Talia  ;  (myth.)  the  Muse,  Thalia.  Also  one  of 
the  Graces. 

Tallero  (Tollero)  m. ;  (Germ.)  thaler,  v.  Dollaro. 

Tall6t-a  f.,  -o  m.;  (agric.)  bed  of  cuttings. 

Tall-6tto,  -ino,  -ettino;  dims.  ofTallo. 

Tall-io  m. ;  (chem.)  thallium,  a  metal  very  like 
lead,  named  from  the  presence  of  an  intense  green 
line  in  its  spectrum,  <  Gr.  SoAAos,  green  shoot. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Tall-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  of  plants,  to 
run  to  seed.  2.  Orzo  -ito,  v.  Orzo  (5). 

Tallo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  0aAX«s,  green 
shoot)  ;  i.  sprout  thrown  up  by  a  plant 
for  seeding.  2.  graft.  3.  cutting,  for 
transplantation.  4.  thallus,  the  fruiting 
organs  of  lichens,  'vine-branch. 

Tallofiti  m.  ft.;  (/•at.)  thallophytes:  lichens, 
algae,  and  fungi. 

Tall6ne  m.  (A)  (bit.  **talo,  var.  of 
L.  talus);  i.  heel.  2.  (anal.)  os  calcis. 
3.  back  or  thick  side  of  the  flint  in  a 
flint-lock  musket.  4.  (print.)  the  slide 
of  a  composing-stick.  (B) ;  augm.  Tallo. 

Talldnzolo  m. ;  dim.  Tallo. 

Talmente ;  to  such  an  extent. 

Talmud  ;//.  (Chaldee  word  for  instruction);  the 
Jewish  code  of  civil  and  canonical  law.  Aff.  -ico, 
-ista. 

•Talo  m.  (L.);  die  with  four  faces,  wanting  the 
2  and  the  5. 

Taldra  (It.  tale,  ora);  sometimes. 

*  Talotta ;  sometimes,  v.  Otta. 

Talp-a  /  (L.) ;  mole.  Aff.  -ettfna 
dim.,  -one  augm. 

Taluno  (It.  tale,  uno);  some,  certain 
(persons). 

Talv&lta  (It.  tale,  volta) ;  sometimes. 

•Tamantp  (It.  tanto,  manto);  of  such  and  such 
a  size  or  description. 

Tamarice  y:,  Tamarigi  m.  or /.,  Tamarigia 
/.,  Tamarigio  ;//.,  Tamarisco  tn.,  Tamerice  m. 
°r  f.,  _Tamerige  _/  (L.  tamariceni,  tamaricittm, 
tanieriscits,  tamericum,  borrowed  words  correspond- 
ing probably  to  Sanskr.  tamiilaka,  a  tree  with  a 
dark  bark,  allied  to  tamos,  darkness);  (bot.) tamarisk, 
Tamarix  Gallica  or  C.ermanica  ;  the  former  species 
is  the  ordinary  English  tamarisk  and  is  also  termed 
Mirice  marina,  Scopa  marina. 

Tamarindo  m.  (Span,  tamarindo,  <  Arabic 
tamr,  ripe  date,-f///W,  -  India):  as  E. 

Tamario,  Tamaro  in.  •  (fiat.)  =  Cerasciola, 
black  bryony. 

Tamarisco;  v.  Tamarice. 
*Tambascia  m. ;  =  Tempone,  carousal. 

Tambell6ne  m.  (nasalised  augm.  <  L.  tahella, 
dim.  of  tabula);  i.  a  large-sized  brick  used  in 
bakers'  ovens.  2.  fig.  blockhead. 

Tambernic;  D.  Inf.  32.  28.  It  is  not  certain 
what  mountain  is  referred  to,  but  probably  either 
the  rrushka  Gora  near  Tovarnicho  in  Sclavonia,  or 
the  Javornick,  the  mountain  of  the  Maple  trees, 
Ahornberg,  near  the  famous  grottoes  of  Adelsberg 
in  Carniola. 

Tambuccio,  Tambuchio  m. :  (mar.)  i.  cabin- 
companion.  2.  —  delle  ruote,  paddle-box. 


Tambur-accio  m. ;   pegg.   of  -o. 
Tamburaio  m.  ;  drum-maker. 

Tamburare  ind.  tamburo;  i.  to 
beat.  2.  to  accuse  anonymously  by 
means  of  a  letter  placed  in  the  Tamburo 
at  Florence.  3.  to  blow  air  under  the 
skin  of  a  carcase  to  facilitate  skinning. 

Tamburata/;  beating. 

Tamburazi6ne  / ;  i.  beating. 
2.  anonymous  accusation. 

Tambur-ello  ;«. ;  I.  dim.  -o.  2.  tam- 
bourine. 3.  a  kind  of  battledore,  drum- 
shaped. 

Tambur-etto  m.;  i.  i.q.  -ello.  2.  (mar.)  = 
Pagliolo  di  prora,  cuddy.  *i.  little  chair,  ii.  =  For- 
zicretto,  small  safe. 

Tambur-inare  ind.  tamburino ;  fretj.  of -are. 

Tamburfno  »*. ;  i.  drummer.  2.  her- 
ald sent  out  to  parley.  3.  dim.  Tamburo. 
4.  child's  rattle  in  form  of  a  drum  fixed 
on  the  end  of  a  stick.  5.  =  Tamburello, 
tambourine.  6.  (bot.)  in//.  =Tremolino, 
quaking  grass.  tPisci — ,  sun-fish,  T. 
Mola  (4). 

Tamburlano  m. ;  i.  a  drying  drum 
in  which  a  heater  is  placed,  for  drying 
clothes  after  washing.  2.  (chem.)  a 
form  of  retort.  3.  coffee-roaster. 

TamMr-O  m.  (Span,  /ami/or,  of 
Arabic  origin) ;  i.  drum.  2.  drummer; 
Capo  — ,  drum  major.  3.  (arch.)  the 
drum  under  the  dome  of  a  building-  in 
the  Italian  style.  4.  drum-shaped  re- 
ceptacle for  anonymous  accusations  in 
medieval  Florence.  5.  barrel  of  a  watch. 
6.  Sul  — ,  or  A  —  battente,  as  adv. 
instantly.  7.  paddle-box  of  a  steamer. 
8.  barrel  of  a  winch  ;  -i  esterni,  warping- 
ends  (of  a  winch),  v.  Paasch,  Uiz. 
Mar.,  Plate  69,  i  and  2.  9.  vestibule 
of  timber-work  serving  to  break  the 
draught  in  a  church  porch,  etc.  10.  drum 
of  the  ear.  t  =  Mola,  sun-fish.  Aff. 
-6ne  augm. 

tTamburru    m.  ;     —    imperial!,     sun-fish,    v. 
Mola  (4). 

•Tambussare    (Proven;,    tabussar,    v.    Tratn- 
bustare);  — Tamburare,  to  beat. 
Tamerici;  f.  Tamarice. 

Tamerigiy:  //.;  Acqua  delle  — ,  a  purgative 
water  at  Montecatini. 

*Tamero  m.;- Tamarindo. 

Tamigi  m.  ;  (geogr.)  the  river 
Thames. 

•Tamigi-are;  =  Stacciarc,    to   sift.      Aff.    *-o, 
sieve. 

Ktym.  Crtgn.  Fr.  tamiser,  tamis,  Span,  tamiz, 
<blt.  tamitium,  probably  akin  to  Low  Germ,  temse, 
—  O.  H.G.  zemisa,  bran  ;  cp.  A.S.  temsian,  to  sift. 

"Tamisi  >«.;  =  Tamigi,  the  Thames. 

tTampagno  «/.;=  Dado  da  puleggie,  "bush,"  or 
metal  lining,  of  a  block  sheave. 

Tampbco  adv. ;  as  little,  equally  little. 
Tampone    m.    (Fr.,    ?/.    Skeat,   sub 
Tampion) ;   plug. 

Tam-tam  m.;  Chinese  tom-tom,  gong. 
Tamulico  ;  Tamil,  language  of  Ceylon. 

Tana/;  den,  hole. 

Ktym.  dub.  Perhaps  <  ••suotanus<  L.  subtus, 
v.  Sottana ;  cp.  Comascan  tratia,  cnve,<**suvter- 
rana,  the  first  syllable  having  been  unaccented  and 
consequently  dropped. 

Tanacca  m.  •  spreg.  for  fat  lazy  man. 

Tanaceto  m.  (botanical  L.  tanacetum,  <  Fr. 
tanaisie  or  mlt.  tanasia,  <  Gr.  iflui-ao-i'a)  ;  (bot.) 
i.  tansy,  v.  Erba  (u,  «).  2.  —  crcspo,  curled 
tansy,  Tanacetum  vulgare  crispum,  also  termed 
Crespolina. 


Tanagli-a,  Tenagli-a  /,  usu.  in  //. 
-e  (bit.  tenallia,  <  L.  tenacula  pi.,  < 
tenere,  to  hold) ;  pincers. 

Aff.  -accia  prgg.,  -are  =  Attanagliare  to  torture, 
-e'tta  dim.,  -one  augm.,  -ozze  dim.  shoemaker's 
pincers,  -uccia  dint,  sprcg. 

Tanai  (Tana)  /.  (L.  Tanais);  (geogr.)  the 
river  Don. 

Tananai  m.  ;  =  Badanai,  uproar. 

Tan6  m.  (Fr.  tantti*,  part,  of  tanner,  <  tan, 
<  bit.  tannitm,  >  E.  tun,  prob.  of  Gaulish  origin, 
cp.  Breton  taun,  oak,  also  tan  ;  cp.  also  Germ.  Tartne, 
fir-tree,  <  O.  H.G.  tannc,  oak,  also  fir,  and  Dutch 
den,  fir-tree);  light  brown. 

*  Tanfanare  ;  =  Tartassare,  to  torment. 

Tanfata  /  ;  whiff,  v.  Tanfo. 

Tanfino,  Canfino  ;«.;  crude  petroleum. 


Tanf-o  in. ;  musty  smell. 
dim. 


Aff.  -(?tto 


Efym.  Either<O.H.G.  /«w//(>Germ.  Dampf, 
vapour,  =  E.  damp,  in  fire-damp)  or  more  probably 
<  the_  Germanic  root  tap,  to  plug,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tampion,  Tap  (of  a  cask),  the  notion  being  that  of 
an  exhalation  from  a  place  which  has  been  plugged  up. 

Tangdnte  / ;  I.  share.  Also  as 
adj.  La  parte  —  al  padrone,  the  share 
of  produce  falling  to  the  landlord. 
2.  (geom.)  tangent. 


Tangere  (L.);  poet,  for  Toccare,  to  touch. 
*Tangeroso;  delicate,  sensitive. 


Tangher-o  m 
-accio,  -accia  pegg 


.,   -a  /  ; 
3f.,  -611" 


lout. 
dim. 


Aff. 


Etym.  Cogn.  bit.  tangantim.  old  Fr.  tangre, 
obstinate,  tant,'oner,  to  constrain,  Germ.  Zange, 
pincers,  <  a  Germanic  root  tank,  to  hold  fast,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tough. 

Tangibil-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita. 

*  Tangoccio  ;  =  Gros-,o  e  goffo,  7'.  Tanghero. 
Tangone  m. ;   (nrtir.)  swinging  boom,  e.g.  the 

Asta  di  scopamare,  lower-studding-sail-boom. 

Tangua/  (Fr.  tangue,  T.  Skeat,  siii  Tangle); 
a  sea  sand  of  manurial  value  found  on  the  coast  of 
the  English  Channel. 

Tangufno  m. ;  (tot.)  Tanghinia  vtneni/era,  a 
Madagascar  tree  the  poisonous  fruit  of  which  served 
the  natives  as  material  for  trial  by  ordeal 

*  Tanie  f.  pl.;=  Litanie. 

Tann-ino  m.  (Celtic,  v.  supra,  Tane);  tannin, 
extract  of  oak  bark.  Ajjf.  -ico  or  -inico  adj.,  -o  tan. 

Tantafera  /  (coined  from  tanta 
fiera,  =  sueh  a  creature,  referring  to  an 
animal  made  up  at  a  Florentine  car- 
nival but  now  used  with  altered  mean- 
ing) ;  long  story  or  discussion  badly 
put  together. 

Tantalo  m.;  i.  (client.)  tantalum.  2.  a  genus 
of  storks. 

Tantin-ello,  -etto  dims.,  -ino  dim.  iron., 
of  -o. 

Tant-p  adj.  or  adv.  (L.,<taw,  so 
much,  which  stands  towards  the  primi- 
tive demonstrative  pronoun  **/#,  that, 
as  quant  towards  quo  ;  for  to,  =  Gr.  TO, 
v.  supra,  Tale,  and  Skeat,  sub  That); 
i.  so  much,  such;  Ai  -i  del  mese,  on  a 
certain  day,  such  and  such  a  day,  of 
the  month.  2.  so  great,  in  pi.  so  many ; 
Gli  facevano  -a  paura,  they  frightened 
him  so  dreadfully;  Essere  -o  bambina 
(01  pop.  -a  bambina),  to  be  such  a  baby. 

3.  Due  -i,  Tre  -i,  two,  three  times  as 
much ;  Gli  ho  date  tre  -i  di  piii  di  quel 
che  costava,  I  have  given  three  times 
as  much   for   it   as    1    believe   it   cost. 

4.  Ogni  — ,  every  now  and  then.    j.  Re- 
stare  ai  -i  del  mese,  or,  con  —  di  naso, 
v.  Naso  (6).     6.   Non  esser  —  per,  to 
be  insufficient  for;  Venti  lire  il  giorno 
non  gli  son  -i  per  campare,  he  cannot 
live  on  twenty  francs  a  day.     7.  Se  — 
mi  da  — ,  or  A.  —  per  — ,  if  things  go 
on  as  at  present.     8.  Aver  —  in  mano, 


6x6 


TANTOLINO— TARMICA 


v.  Mano  (20).  9.  so  greatly ;  Gli  vo- 
gliono  —  bene,  they  are  very  fond  of 
him ;  Come  disse  colui  che  cadde  da 
cavallo,  —  volevo  scendere,  as  the  man 
said  who  fell  off  his  horse,  I  did  so  want 
to  get  off.  10.  —  che,  so  that.  1 1.  - 
fatto,  in  this  shape  (making  a  suitable 
gesture).  12.  Tant'  e,  in  any  case,  all 
the  same;  —  fa,  it  is  all  the  same. 
13.  —  o  quanto,  more  or  less,  some- 
what. 14.  --  per  fare  qualcosa,  just 
by  way  of  doing  something;  --  per 
non  parere,  just  by  way  of  avoiding 
suspicion.  15.  after  all;  Dirtelo  ora  o 
poi  —  e  lo  stesso,  after  all  it  makes  no 
difference  whether  I  tell  you  now  or 
later;  Per  me  — ,  diro  sempre  lo  stesso, 
however,  my  account  of  it  will  always 
be  the  same;  Questo,  per  me  — ,  era 
negozio  vergine,  this,  at  any  rate  for 
me,  was  a  new  business.  16.  Ne  - 
ne  quanto,  neither  little  nor  much,  not 
at  all.  17.  Una  volta  — ,  only  this 
once  ;  Per  questa  volta  — ,  only  for 
this  once.  18.  Non  per  — ,  neverthe- 
less. 19.  Per  — ,  or  as  one  word 
Pertanto,  however.  20.  with  Denari 
understood;  N'  ha  -i,  he  is  very  rich; 
Ne  fanno  -i,  they  are  making  a  lot  of 
money ;  Prov.  -i  ne  nasce,  -i  ne  muore, 
of  a  spendthrift,  he  dies  as  rich  as  he 
was  born.  21.  Da —  che,  as  superlative 
affirmation ;  Un  palazzo  che  faceva  in- 
namorare  a  vederlo  da  —  che  era  bello, 
such  a  beautiful  palace  that  to  see  it 
made  one  in  love  with  it.  22.  Di  —  in 
— ,  every  now  and  then  (implying  more 
frequent  occurrence  than  Di  quando  in 
quando).  23.  With  Mai,  ever  so  much  ; 
C  era  -a  mai  gente,  there  were  ever  so 
many  people  there.  24.  Non  te  lo  dico 
in  cifra  ma  a  —  (or  tante)  di  lettere, 
I  tell  you  this  not  by  hints  but  in  so 
many  words. 

Tant-oltno  dim.,  -6nc  aitgnt.,  of-o. 
*Tantosto;  i.  =  Subito.    ii.  as  sl>.,  buttered  eggs 
on  toast. 

Tantumm^rgo  or  Tantum  6rgo 
(Latinism) ;  spreg.  wretched  man.  Can- 
tare  il  —  a  uno,  to  tell  him  plainly  what 
you  think  of  him. 

Tapin-am&ite  adv.,  -are  to  lead  a 
wretched  life,  -611o  dim.  vezz. ;  v.  -o. 

Tapino ;  wretched,  miserable. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  stf  tapir,  to  cower,  <  old 
Fr.  s'atapir,  cp.  Ital.  Attapinarsi,  to  hide,  Fr.  fn 
tapinois,  <  old  Fr.  fti  tapin,  slily.  These  words 
are  attributable  to  the  root  tap,  to  plug,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Tap  vb.,  so  that  the  original  idea  would  be  that 
of  cowering  in  a  hole.  The  resemblance  of  Tapino 
to  Gr.  rajreiyos  is  probably  accidental. 

Tapidca/:  (native  Brazilian  word);  as  E. 

Tapiro  m.  (native  word) ;  the  Brazilian  tapir. 

Tappa  /  (Fr.  /tape,  halting-place, 
originally  rations  there  provided,  <  old 
Fr.  estaple,  mart,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Staple) ; 
I.  halting-place.  2.  distance  between 
two  halts,  stage,  t —  imperial!,  turbot, 
v.  Rombo  (5,  a). 

Tapp-accio  tn. ;  pegg.  of-o,  plug. 

Tappare;  i.  to  plug,  to  cork  up,  v. 
Tappo.  2.  =  Imbacuccare,  to  muffle  up. 

Tapp6t-0  m.  (L.  tapete,<Gr.  Tavrjt, 
of  Persian  origin,  cp.  supra,  Taffeta ; 
•v.  Skeat,  sub  Tapestry) ;  carpet.  Pagar 


sul  — ,  to  pay  promptly.  Metier  sul 
— ,  to  bring  forward,  propose.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg.,  -are  vb.,  -ino  dim.  vezz., 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Tappezzare  (** tapetiare,  v.  Tap- 
peto) ;  i.  to  paper  (the  walls  of  a  room). 
2.  to  hang  them  with  tapestry. 

Tappezzerfa  / ;  i.  wall-paper. 
2.  tapestry.  3.  upholsterer's  shop.  4.  in 
//.,  upholstery,  generally. 

Tappezziere  >». ;  upholsterer. 

Tapp-o  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  tape,  tampon, 
bit.  tappus,  <  the  Germanic  root  tap, 
to  plug,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Tampion,  Tap) ; 
plug,  stopper.  Aff.  -fno  dim. 

*  Tapppnare ;  =  Potare,  to  prune. 
Tapsia ;  v.  Ta^ia. 

Tara  f.  (Span,  tara,  allowance,  lit. 
what  is  thrown  away,  <  Arabic  tarha, 
what  is  thrown  away) ;  tare,  allowance 
made  for  the  weight  of  a  vessel  in  which 
goods  are  contained. 

Tarabaralla  exd. ;  all  topsy-turvy. 

Tarabusfno  m.  ;  (ornith.)  =  Non- 
notto,  little  bittern. 

Tarabuso  m.  (L.  butio,  bittern,  with 
a  prefix  probably  imitative);  (ornith.} 
bittern,  Botaurus  stellaris,  also  termed 
Aghirone  stellare,  Sgarza  stellare,  Uc- 
cello  lepre. 

tTarad6re  tn. ;  a  grub  infesting  vines. 

Ktyin.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  tarcn  (>  Fr.  tarih-e, 
gimlet,  ovipositor  of  certain  insects),  Span,  tattidro 
for  **  taradro,  gimlet,  <  bit.  taradrus,  =  Gr.  re'p«T- 
pov,  gimlet,  root  ter,  to  bore,  cp.  Tarma. 

Tarando  m. ;  reindeer,  v.  Renna. 

*  Tarantarizzare  ;  =  Squillare  scompostamente. 
Tarantassa  f. ;    Russian   travelling    carriage, 

tarantass. 

Tarantella/;  i.  a  dance  of  Southern 
Italy  or  the  music  therefor.  2.  a  sort  of 
St  Vitus's  dance  supposed  to  be  caused 
by  the  bite  of  the  Tarantola.  3.  =  Ta- 
rantola. 

Tarant^llo  m.  \  slice  from  the  side 
of  a  tunny  fish  preserved  in  oil.  *scrap 
thrown  in  as  an  extra  when  making  a 
purchase  of  provisions. 

Tarantol-a  /  (named  after  the  city 
of  Taranto);  tarantula,  Lycosa  taran- 
tula, a  spider  whose  bite  is  considered 
poisonous.  Malattia  della  — ,  v.  Ta- 
rantella (2).  'salamander.  Aff.  -e'tta 
dim.,  -ismo  =  Tarantella  (2). 

Tarare;  to  allow  for  the  tare,  v. 
Tara. 

Tarcagnbtto,  Traccagn6tto  (a  dim. 
var.  of  Tarchiato);  short,  broad-shoul- 
dered, sturdy. 

Tarchia  / ;  (mar.)  Vela  a  — ,  sprit- 
sail. 

Tarchiat-o ;  sturdy,  square-built. 
Aff.  -ello,  -otto  dims. 

Etym.  vnkn.  The  guesses  are :  (i)  Gr.  rapi^o?, 
mummy.  (2)  Arabic  tyrtj,  fatness,  which  is  con- 
ceivable as  the  origin  of  Tarchia,  sprit-sail,  whence 
Tarchiato,  square-built,  might  follow.  (3)  O.  H.G. 
stare,  strong  (why  should  the  s  disappear  ?). 
(4)  O.H.G.  ante,  squeeze.  (5)  It.  **targhiato, 
shield-shaped,  <  Targa. 

Tard-amente;  ?'.  -o.     -anzay^;— Ritardo. 

Tardare:  i.  to  linger.     2.  tr.  to  delay. 


Tard-er611o,  -ettino,  -6tto  (dims,  of 
-o  or  -i) ;  i.  rather  slow.  2.  rather  late. 

Tardezza/;  i.  slowness.  2.  late- 
ness. 

Tardi  adv.  •  i.  late;  Arrivare  — , 
to  come  late.  2.  slowly;  Risolversi — , 
to  be  a  long  time  making  up  one's 
mind.  3.  Far  — ,  (a)  to  be  too  late, 
(fi)  to  while  away  the  time.  4.  In  sul 
— ,  late  in  the  evening,  at  a  late  hour. 
5.  Andar  a  far  — ,  to  take  time  over  a 
business. 

Tardigrade  ;  (zaal.)  of  the  sloth  family,  tardi- 
grade. 

Tard-ita  f.\  slowness,  -ivo;  late  in  coining 
to  maturity.  Aff.  -ivamente. 

Tard-o  (L.);  i.  slow.  2.  late;  In- 
efficace  e  -e  scuse,  feeble  and  tardy 
apologies.  3.  distant  in  time ;  I  piu  -i 
posteri,  our  remotest  posterity. 

Tard&tto;  dim.  of  Tardi. 
tTareffe:  weakly. 

*  Tarengo  t/t. ;  iron  hoop. 

*  Tareno  /«.;  =  Tari. 

Targa/  (O.H.G.  zarg-a,  frame,  side 
of  a  vessel,  wall,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Target) ; 

1.  shield.     2.  quasi-fig.  large  slice,  e.g. 
of  ham. 

Targhett-a,  -ina;  aim.,  sub-Jim  ,  ofTarga(z). 

Targonaio  tn.;  shield-maker. 

Targon-cello  in. ;  ,tim.  of-e. 

Targdne  tn.  (A);  angm.  Targa  (i). 

(B);  (bat.)  tarragon,  Artemisia  dfacuitculus, 
also  termed  Dragoncello. 

Ktym.  Span,  tarngona,  <  Arabic  tarkhftn,  lit. 
dragon-wort,  <  Gr.  Spattuf,  for  which  v.  supra, 
Dragone.  The  L.  term  for  the  plant,  in  Pliny,  is 
dracunculus,  a  double  dim.  of  draco,  the  plant 
having,  for  some  unknown  reason,  been  connected 
with  the  idea  of  a  dragon. 

Tart  (Tarino,  Taro)  m.  (bit.  tarts, 
tarcnus,  perhaps  by  aphasresis  from 
Aitgustarenus,  cp.  Agostaro) ;  an  old 
Sicilian  coin  worth  about  fourpence. 

*Tariday!  (Arabic  word);  transport  ship. 

Tariff-ay;  (Span,  tari/a,  <  Arabic  ta'ri/,  giving 
information,  p.  Skeat,  SH/I  Tariff);  as  E.  Aff.  -ale, 
-are  vb. 

* Tarincayi;  =  Lesina  infocata,  red-hot  awl  as  an 
instrument  of  torture. 

•Tarino  m.;  v.  Tari. 

•Tarisca/;;  Fare — ,  to  enjoy  oneself. 

Tarlare  ;  i.q.  Intarlare,  to  be  worm- 
eaten. 

Tarlatana/  (Fr.  tarlatane,  of  unkn. 
origin) ;  tarlatan,  coarse  muslin. 

Tarl-atura  /;     i.    -vbsb.    of   -are. 

2.  dust  of  worm-eaten  wood. 

Tarlo  ///.  (**tar»iulus,  dim.  of  L. 
tarmes,  v.  Tarma)  ;  I.  boring-worm, 
Anobiitm  pertinax.  2.  fig.  II  —  del 
rirnorso,  the  gnawing  of  remorse  ;  Avere 
il  —  con  uno,  to  cherish  a  dislike  for 
him;  Lo  scrupolo  del  —  che  roso  il 
crocifisso  risparmio  i  chiodi,  hypocritical 
scruples,  lit.  scruples  of  the  boring-worm 
which  after  gnawing  the  crucifix  spared 
the  nails.  3.  =  Tarlatura.  4.  (vet.)  a 
disease  in  cattle,  v.  Tarola. 

Tarma/  (L.  tarmes,  akin  to  terere, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Trite) ;  strictly  the  grub 
of  the  Tignuola,  clothes-moth,  but  used 
generally  like  Tignuola  for  any  insect 
which  gnaws  holes  in  things. 

Tarmare  ;  to  be  moth-eaten. 

Tarmicay:  (L.  ptarmica,  <  Gr.  irTap/u/tot,  < 
HTCU'PW,  to  snee/e);  (A'/.)  sneezewort,  v.  Erba  (146). 


TAROCCARE— TASTO 


617 


Taroccare  imi.  tar6cco ;  i.  at  the  game  of 
Minchiate  to  play  a  "tarot"  when  without  a  card 
of  no  value  to  throw  away.  2.  to  grumble  and 
curse. 

Tarbcco  m.,  usu.  in  //.  Tarocchi ; 
tarot,  a  kind  of  playing  card  used,  and 
probably  invented,  in  Italy  in  the  14th 
century,  or  the  game  in  which  they  are 
used ;  there  are  78  cards  to  the  pack, 
of  which  22  are  Tarocchi,  trumps,  one 
is  the  Matto,  which  may  be  played  at 
any  time,  and  the  rest  are  Cartacce. 

"The  cards  for  the  game  are  usually  carefully 
painted,  like  miniatures,  on  a  gilt  back-ground, 
which  is  covered  with  dots  forming  arabesques  and 
bordered  with  a  silvered  edge  on  which  the  dots 
produce  the  effect  of  a  spirally  twisted  ribbon. 
Such  a  **  Tara  or  impression  made  by  little  dots 
regularly  arranged  (fp.  bit.  tartire,  to  pierce,  akin 
to  L.  lerere,  to  grind)  is  no  doubt  the  source  of  the 
name  Tarocchi ;  the  cards  now  used  for  the  game 
record  the  antiquity  of  its  origin  when  their  backs 
are  covered  with  arabesques  or  with  black  or  coloured 
dots  "  (Pianigiani). 

Tarocc-6ne  m.;  grumbler,  growler, 
V.  -are  (2). 

Tar61-a  /,  -o  m.  (var.  of  Tarlo) ;  a 
form  of  Acarns  infesting  the  feet  of 
cattle. 

Tarozzo ;  v.  Torozzo. 

Tarpa  /  ;  pop.  for  Talpa,  mole. 

Tarpano  (Tarpagnuolo)  (Germanic, 
cp.  Gothic  thaurp,  a  field,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Thorp) ;  wild  (horse),  or  as  si.,  the  wild 
horse  of  Tartary. 

Tarpare  (etym.  unkn. ;  perhaps  Ger- 
manic, cp.  Low  Germ,  strappen,  to  skin, 
v.  Strappare) ;  to  clip  a  bird's  wings, 
alsoy>^.  as  in  E.,  e.g.  of  politicians. 

Tarpea;  I.  Rupe  — ,  the  Tarpeian  rock  at 
Rome.  3.  the  Aerarium  or  public  treasury  of 
Rome,  alluded  to  by  Dante,  Purg.  o.'  137,  as  having 
been  vainly  defended  by  the  Tribune  Metellus 
against  its  robbery  by  Julius  Caesar. 

Tarpigna,  Tarpina  f.  ;  (bot.)  dodder,  v. 
Caruaterra. 

t  Tarsa  f. ;  =  Matassa,  skein. 

Tarsia  /  ;  inlaid  woodwork.  *  = 
Provvigione. 

Etym.  Gr.  ropo-ia,  hurdle,  crate  for  drying 
figs,  <  Tap<rds,  flat  basket  for  drying  cheeses,  cogtt. 
with  refxrofuu,  to  become  dry,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Thirst. 
Tap<rp?  also  meant  the  flat  of  the  foot,  and  so  the 
fool  itself. 

*  Tarsiare ;  to  inlay. 

Tarsio  m. ;  tarsier,  a  small  East  Indian  arboreal 
lemuroid. 

Tars-0  m.  (Gr.,  v.  Tarsia) ;  I.  (anat.) 
(a)  tarsus,  the  part  of  the  foot  to  which 
the  leg  is  articulated,  (b)  the  tarsus  of 
the  eyelid.  2.  (tain.)  quartz.  Aff.  -ico. 

Tartagli-are  (imit.,  cp.  E.  tattle) ; 
to  stutter,  keep  repeating  the  same 
syllable.  Aff.  -6ne,  -<5na  vbsbs. 

Tartan-a/.  (Arabic  taridah,  through 
a  form  ** taridana)  ;  (mar.)  a  small 
lateen  craft  with  one  mast,  tartan.  Aff. 
-ella  dim. 

Tartan6ne  m.;  a  kind  of  seine-net. 
*Tartarayl;  a  sort  of  tart  made  of  soaked  bread, 
almonds  and  sugar. 

Tartar-ato;  {cfutn.)  tartrate.  -co  ;  Tartarean, 
-esco;  Tartar,  -ico;  as  E.  -izzare;  to  refine  by 
means  of  tartrates. 

Tartaro  m.  (A)  (alchemists'  Latin  tar/arum, 
=  late  Or.  Tapropof ,  <  Arabic  durd,  sediment,  dregs, 
of  oil  or  wine);  I.  tartar,  a  mixture  of  bitartrate  of 
potash  and  tartrate  of  lime,  formed  as  a  deposit  from 
wine,  and  known  in  its  crude  form  as  argol.  2.  the 
tartar  formed  upon  teeth. 

(B)  (L. ,  <  Gr.  raprapof,  the  infernal  regions, 
conceived  to  be  a  place  of  extreme  cold,  cf.  Gr. 

H. 


oj,  to  shiver  with  cold);  as  E.     * —  d'  acqua 
congelata,  stalactite. 

Tartaruga  /  (cogn.  Provenc..  tor- 
tuga,  tartuga,  Fr.  tortue,  <  mlt.  laritica, 
<  L.  tortus,  referring  to  the  creature's 
twisted  feet,  with  a  modified  reduplica- 
tion of  the  first  syllable);  I.  tortoise, 
turtle.  2.  tortoise-shell. 

Tartassare  (It.  tassare,  by  redupli- 
cation of  the  first  syllable  with  intensive 
effect) ;  to  harass,  torment. 

Tartina/  (Fr.  tartine,  dim.  of  tarte, 
prob.  for  tourte,  a  tart,  so  called  from 
the  twisting  of  the  paste,  <  L.  tortus,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tart);  slice  of  bread  and 
butter. 

tTartuca/:;  =  Tartaruga,  tortoise. 

Tartuf-o  m.  (prob.  a  corr.  of  L. 
terras  tuber,  v.  Truffa,  etym.);  truffle. 
Aff.  -aia  truffle-bed,  -aio  truffle-seller. 

tTarullo  m. ;  =  Girellone,  Fannullone. 
Taruolo  m.  (var.  of  Tarlo);  (med.)  chancre. 

Tasc-a/. ;  I.  pocket.  2.  bag  of  a 
mendicant  friar.  3.  Avere  in  — ,  to 
dislike ;  Entrarti  in  —  una  cosa,  to  be 
unpleasant,  annoying;  Farsi  prendere 
in  — ,  to  make  oneself  disliked ;  Rom- 
pere  le  -he  a  uno,  =  Seccarlo,  to  bore  him. 
4.  Rompersi  le  -he,  to  be  racking  one's 
brains.  5.  Uh  m'  in  — ,  v.  Intascare. 

Aff.  -ibile  pocket  (as  adj.),  -accia 
Pegg-i  -ata  pocketful,  -hdtta  -hettina 
-hi'na  -hino  dims,  (-hino  the  smallest, 
e.g.  ticket-pocket),  -o  leather  pocket 
for  tools,  -occia  semi-augtn.,  -one  -ona 
augms. 

Etym.  obscure.  Tasca  may  be  supposed  to  be 
the  same  word  as  Germ.  Tasche,  pocket,  but  whether 
the  German  form  is  borrowed  from  the  Italian  or 
vice  versii  and  what  the  origin  of  it  may  be  is  quite 
unknown.  Attempts  have  been  made  to  connect  it 
with  Fr.  tftihe  and  therefore  with  E.  task,  but  they 
are  entirely  unsatisfactory.  There  is  also  an  O.  H.G. 
word  tasca,  but  this  was  a  contemptuous  term  for 
woman,  which  makes  it  difficult  to  regard  as  the 
origin  of  Tasche,  pocket,  though  Kluge  accepts  it 
as  such. 

tTascbllo  /«.;  (&>/.)=  Acero,  maple. 
Tasi  m. ;  an  ancient  Egyptian  perfume. 

Taso  m.  (cogn.  Provenc,.  tatz,  Fr. 
fas,  heap,  of  Germanic  origin,  cp.  O.H.G. 
zas,  heap,  Dutch  (as,  heap ;  the  word  is 
also  Celtic,  as  Welsh  das,  heap);  I.  tar- 
tar, deposit  from  wine.  2.  by  ext.,  sedi- 
ment of  any  kind. 

Tassa  /  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  taux,  v. 
Tassare);  I.  tax;  --  di  bollo,  stamp 
duty.  2.  fee. 

(B) ;  she-badger,  v.  Tasso  (A). 

Tass-are  (L.  taxare,  a  sort  of  freq. 
from  the  root  tag  of  tangere,  to  touch, 
so  that  the  lit.  meaning  of  taxare  is 
"  to  handle,"  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tax) ;  i.  to 
assign  a  price.  2.  to  tax.  3.  =  Tacciare, 
to  criticise.  4.  Numero  -ato,  regulation 
number. 

Aff.  -ativamente  with  precision,  -ativo  regulating, 
-atore,  -azione. 

Tassell-are  ind.  tassello  ;  to  make,  or  fix, 
Tasselli.  Aff.  -atura. 

Tass611-0  m.  (L.  taxillus,  small  die, 
dim.  of  talus,  knuckle-bone,  also  die 
made  therefrom  ;  the  peculiar  form 
taxillus  shews  that  talus  is  for  **tag- 
slus,  origin  unknown) ;  I.  stopping-piece 
or  plug  fitted  into  any  manufactured 


article  either  to  close  up  a  gap  or  mend 
a  rupture  or  by  way  of  ornament ;  in 
ship-building,  graving-piece,  a  small 
piece  of  wood  inserted  in  place  of  a 
damaged  or  decayed  spot,  e.g.  in  a 
deck-plank.  2.  sample  plug  scooped 
out  of  cheese  or  the  like.  3.  in  pi., 
loose  pieces  of  a  mould,  v.  Sottosquadro. 

*  square  piece  of  cloth,  attached  under  a  coat- 
collar. 

Aff.  -etto,  -ino  dints. 

Tass6tt-o  m.  (dim.  Tasso) ;  a  steel  plate 
serving  as  a  kind  of  little  anvil  in  goldsmith's  work. 
Aff.  -(no  dim. 

Tassia  f.  (L.,<Gr.  Oaal/ia,  named  after  the 
island  of  Thapsos);  (dot.)  i.  false  turbith,  Thapsia 
Asclepium,  also  termed  Falso  turbito,  Tapsia  di 
Puglia.  2,  deadly  carrot,  Thafisia  garganica. 

Tassiderm-iay:  (Gr.);  taxidermy,  the  art  of 
stuffing  animals'  skins.  Aff.  -ista. 

Tasso  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Provenc..  tais, 
taisd,  Fr.  dial.  taisson,  =  \>\\..  taxonem, 
Span,  texon,  Portug.  teixugo,  bit.  taxus, 
<  O.H.G.  dahs,  root  teks,  to  build,  re- 
ferring to  the  creature's  burrowing 
habit) ;  badger. 

(B)  (L.  taxus,  from  the  same  root 
teks  as  the  foregoing,  cp.  Sanskrit  tak- 
sati,  to  manufacture,  Gr.r«ra>j/,  artificer, 
TO£OV,  bow,  made  from  yew  wood) ;  (bol.) 
i.    yew,    Taxus   baccata,   also    termed 
Libo,   Nasso.     2.    —  d'  Irlanda,   Irish 
yew,    Taxus  Hibernica.      3.    -  -   falso, 
ploughman's  spikenard,  v.  Baccherini. 

(C)  (L.   thnpsus,<Gr.,  v.   Tassia); 
(hot.)  —  barbasso,  great  mullein,  Ver- 
bascum  thapsus,  also  termed   Candela 
regia,     Pellicciosa,    Verbasco    grande, 
Guaraguasco. 

(D)  (a  sync .  form  <  L.  taxatus,  part. 
of  taxare,  to  hew,  akin  to  langere,  root 
tag,  to  touch);   i.  a  form  of  anvil  with 
no  horns.     2.   (meek.)  dolly.     3.  —  da 
pianare,  planishing  stake. 

(E)  (var.  of  Tassa,  A) ;  rate  of  charge. 
Tassobarbasso  m. ;  v.  Tasso  (C). 
Tassolino  m. ;  dim.  Tasso  (D). 

Tassdne  m. ;  loose  sea- weed  thrown 
up  by  the  sea. 

Tasta/  (bit.  taxta,  probe,  v.  Tas- 
tare) ;  i.  (surg.)  seton,  tent.  2.  (agric.) 
long  pointed  stick  for  examining  the 
condition  of  grain  stored  in  pits.  *Jig. 
annoyance. 

•Tastame  m. ;  (mus.)  keys,  collectively,  v. 
Tasto  (2). 

Tast-are  (Attastare)  (bit.  **taxitare, 
freq.  of  L.  taxare,  to  feel,  handle,  which 
is  itself  a  freq.  of  tagere,  var.  of  tangere, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Taste) ;  i.  to  feel  carefully, 
as  an  injured  arm  to  see  if  it  is  broken, 
to  try.  -tava  il  muro  col  martello  per 
sentir  dove  fosse  il  vuoto,  he  was  trying 
the  wall  with  a  hammer  to  see  where  it 
was  hollow.  2.  fig.  —  il  polso  a  uno,  to 
see  how  much  money  he  has  available ; 
—  il  terrene,  to  reconnoitre  the  ground, 
see  how  matters  stand.  3.  (tnus.)  to 
touch  the  keys,  11.  Tasto  (2).  4.  (surg.) 
to  introduce  a  seton,  v.  Tasta  (i). 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atlna  dim.,  -atore,  -eggiare 
to  try  the  keys  of  a  piano,  -etta  dim.  of  -a. 

Tastiera  /. ;  key-board. 

Tast-o  m.  (var.  of  Tasta);  i.  feel; 


6i8 


TASTONE— TEGAME 


Si  sento  al  —  se  e  lana,  you  can  tell 
whether  it  is  woollen  by  the  feel  ; 
Andare  al  — ,  to  work  haphazard ; 
Vanno  al  —  in  ogni  cosa,  they  go 
about  everything  haphazard.  2.  key 
of  a  piano  ;  Mutar  — ,  fig.  to  change 
one's  tune.  3.  electric  key. 

*i.  =Colpo,  blow.  ii.  hiding-place,  iii.  Toccar 
di  -i  bene  =  Affannarsi.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Tast6n-e,  -i  adv. ;  feeling. 

Tat-o  >».,  -a  /  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Dad) ;  child's  word  for  any  relation  or 
associate. 

*Tattamella  w.  or  f. ;  =  Ciarlone,  chatterer. 

Tattame-o  m.,  -a  / ;  slow-coach. 

•Tattera  f.  (O.H.G.  zatar,  rag,  v.  Zazzera); 
i.  =  Tacca,  Magagna,  flaw.  ii.  trifle  of  no  moment, 
iii.  (*««/".)  =  Cresta,  piles. 

Tattic-a/  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tactics); 
tactics.  Aff.  -o,  -one  -ona  tactician. 

Tattil-e;  tactile.    Aff.  -ita. 

Tatto  m.  (L.  tactus,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tangent);  i.  the  sense  of  touch.  2.  con- 
tact, touch.  3.  tact.  *(w«j.)  =  Battuta. 

Tatu  m. ;  armadillo. 

Tatu-are  (native  Tahitian,^.  Maori 
fa,  to  mark) ;  to  tattoo.  Aff.  -aggio. 

*Tatusa/I;  =  Tardigrado,  sloth. 

Tau  ;«.;  i.  Greek  T.  a.  squire  in  the  Order 
of  St  Stephen  in  the  time  of  the  Grand  Dukes  of 
Tuscany,  who  bore  a  T-shaped  cross  on  the  breast. 
3.  (herald.)  a  form  of  cross-patonce  in  which  the 
upper  vertical  arm  is  wanting,  v.  Patenle  (2). 

Tauman-te  m.;  (myth?)  Thaumas,  a  centaur. 
Figlia  di  — ,  Iris,  the  rainbow,  D.  Purg.  21.  50. 
Aff.  -zio. 

Taumaturg-o  adj.  or  st.  (Gr.) ;  wonder- 
worker. Aff.  -ico. 

*  Tauna  f. ;  Damascene  work. 
*Taupino;=Tapino. 

Taur-0  m. ;  i.  =  Toro,  bull.  2.  the 
constellation  of  the  Bull.  Aff.  -iatri'a 
veterinary  art,  -iforme,  -fno,  -omrfchia 
bull-fight. 

Tausta  f. ;  Lavorare  di  — ,  =  Damaschinare. 

•Tavella/:;  i.  =Pianella,  flat  tile.  tii.  =An- 
naspo,  reel. 

t  Tavelle  /.//.;  =  Arcolaio,  thread-winder. 

tTavell-i  f.  ft.,  or  *-o  m.  sing. ;  =  Annaspo, 
reel. 

Tavern-ay:  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  tut  iw.);  as  E. 
Aff.  -aio  tavern  keeper  or  frequenter,  -iere  i.q.  -aio, 
•uccia  dim. 

tTavia;  =  Tuttavia,  nevertheless. 

Tavol-a/  (L.  tabula,  considered  by 
Walde  akin  to  an  Umbrian  form  tafle, 
on  a  table,  this  being  dissimilated  out 
of  **talj!a,<**tal-ii/t/a,  and  so  allied 
to  Gr.  TijAi'o,  dice-board,  and  E.  deal,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Thill);  i.  table.  2.  slab. 
3.  plank.  4.  (mar.)  wale,  strake.  5.= 
Tavolozza,  palette.  6.  --  dipinta,  or 
simply  — ,  picture  (on  wood),  illustrative 
plate  in  a  book.  7.  —  che  si  chiude, 
folding-table.  8.  table,  index,  list. 
9.  flange  (of  a  girder).  10.  -  -  pita- 
gorica,  multiplication  table.  ii.  - 
nera,  blackboard  (for  a  lecture).  1 2.  Far 
da  sopra  a  — ,  v.  Soprattavola.  13.  - 
reale,  backgammon.  14.  at  chess, 
stale-mate ;  at  draughts,  drawn  game. 
15.  (mus.)  sounding-board.  16.  —  ro- 
tonda,  table  d'hote.  Aff.  -a.cc\a.  pegg. 

Tavolaccfno  m. ;  in  medieval  Flo- 
rence =  Servo  dei  magistrati,  apparitor. 

Tavolaccio  m. ;  I.  i.q.  Pancaccio, 
plank  bed.  2.  (hist.)  wooden  shield. 

Tavolata/. ;  table  spread  for  dinner, 
or  the  guests  seated  thereat. 


Tavolato  m.  ;  i.  wainscotting. 
2.  hoarding.  3.  wooden  floor.  4.  as 
adj.,  boarded  over. 

Tavoleggi-are  ind.  tavoteggio  ;  i.  to 
sit  talking  after  dinner.  2.  to  wait,  at 
table.  Aff.  -ante,  waiter. 

Tavol&lla/;  i.  dim.  Tavola.  2.= 
Tavolozza,  palette. 

Tavoldllo  m.;  i.  money-changer's 
office.  2.  goldsmith's  bench.  3.  Stare 
in  —  ,fig.  to  be  in  danger. 

Tavole"tt-a  /;  tablet  Aff.  -ina 
dim. 

Tavoli&r-e  m.\\.  chess-board.  2.= 
Tavola,  backgammon-board. 

*i.  money-changer,  ii.  Andar  per  -i  =  Essere  in 
trattative  ;  Vossignoria  intendera  quanto  va  per  -i, 
...what  game  is  being  played. 

Tavolin-ayl;  dint.  Tavola.     Aff.  -actio  pfgg. 

Tavolln-0  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Tavola, 
table,  usu.  a  small  table  with  one  leg. 
2.  (melon.)  studying  ;  Poeta  di  —  ,  as 
opposed  to  I  mprovvisatore.  3.  Ci  fanno 
passare  sotto  il  —  ,  an  expression  applied 
to  innkeepers  who  make  high  charges. 
4.  gaming-table.  5.  —  da  notte,  euph. 
for  Comodino,  night-stool.  Aff.  -cino 
-dtto  -ino  dims.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*Tavolito  m.;  =  Tavolato. 
Tavolo  w.;  =  Tavolino. 
Tavolbnayl;  augm.  Tavola,  dinner-table. 
Tavol6n-e  in.  ;   augm.   Tavola.     Aff.   -cello, 
-cino  dittts. 

Tavol6zza  /  ;  painter's  palette. 

Tavolucciayl;  dim.  sprtg.  Tavola. 
Tazio;  Tatius,  the  Sabine  king. 

Tazz-a  /  (cogn.  Provenc..  fossa,  Fr. 
tasse,  Portug.  ta^a,  Germ.  Tasse,  Servian 
and  Roumanian  (as,  <  Arabic  thus, 
drinking-cup,  <  thassa,  to  dip)  ;  i.  cup. 
2.  mug.  3.  basin  of  a  drinking-fountain. 


Tazzitta  /.  ;  i.  dim.  Tazza.  2.  (hot.)  — 
acquatica,  penny-wort,  Hydrocotylf  vulgaris. 

Tazziera  f.  ;  a  kind  of  plate-holder  used  in 
monasteries. 

Tazz-ina  dim.,  -one,  -6na  angttis.,  -uccia 
dim.  spreg.,  of  -a. 

Te  m.  (Chinese  word);  i.  tea.  2.  (tot.)  (a)  Al- 
bero  del  —  ,  tea  plant,  Thea  bohea;  (6)  —  del  Para- 
guai,  mate,  Hex  Paraguayetisis',  (<~)  —  del  Brasile, 
false  Indian  vervain,  Stachytupheta  Jndica,  also 
termed  Verbena  turchina  ;  (</)  —  del  Canadk, 
American  mountain  tea,  Gauitheria  procumbent  ; 
(<•)  —  dell'  ispla  di  Sant'  Elena,  tea  plant  of 
St  Helena,  Frankenia  beatsonia  ;  (_/}  —  del 
Labrador,  Labrador  tea  plant,  Ledum  decmnbens 
or  L.  latifolium  ;  (g~)  —  del  Messico,  Mexican  tea 
plant,  Psoralea  glandulosa;  (k)  —  della  Siberia, 
Siberian  tea  plant,  Verbascum  pkoeiiiceum  or  Saxi- 
/ruga  ci'asst/blitt  ;  (/)  —  svizzero,  medicinal  speed- 
well, Veronica  ojficinalis. 

*  Te'  ;  contr.  of  Tieni.     Also  as  a  cry  to  a  dog. 

Tea  ;  Rosa  —  ,  tea-rose. 

Teandrico  (Gr.);  (theol.)  belonging  to  the 
God-Man. 

Teatino  ;  member  of  the  Theatine 
brotherhood  founded  in  1  524  by  CarafFa, 
bishop  of  Teate. 

Teatr-abile;  suitable  for  the  stage,  -accio; 
fgg-  of  -o. 

Teatral-e;  theatrical.    Aff.  -ita,  -mente. 

Teatr-ante;  employed  on  the  stage. 

Teatr-o  m.;  as  E.  Etym.  L.,  <Gr.  flearpoi-, 
<  fleao/xcu,  to  gaze,  cf.  flea,  view,  Sanskr.  did'hyc, 
consider,  dhi,  thought,  Goth.  Jilit-deisei,  craftiness 
(where  j»?/w  =  A.S.  feolu,  much).  Aff.  -ino  dim., 
-one  augm,,  -uccio  dim.  s^reg. 

Tebaidey:;  i.  the  Thebaid  in  Egypt,  noted 
for  its  hermits;  hence  2.  by  ext.,  hermitage,  retire- 
ment. 

Tebano;  Theban. 

Teca/  (Gr.  0>j«T|);  i.  casket,  case.  2.  (tot.) 
theca. 


T6cca,  T^ccola  /;  slight  flaw  or 
fault. 

Etym.     Cogn.  old  Fr.  teche  (>  Fr.  tachr,  spot, 
stain),  old  Italian  Tacca,  prob.  of  Germanic  origin, 
v.  Skeat  (ed.   1910),  sub  Tetchy,  Tack,  Attach. 
tTecchiaX;  =  Falda  di  monte,  v.  Falda. 

tT6cchio  (O.H.G.  thiki,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Thick);  big. 

*Tecch-ire  ind.  -isco  (O.H.G.  thihan, 
to  grow  strong,  >  Germ,  gedeihen,  to 
prosper,  cp.  supra,  Tecchio) ;  =  Attec- 
chire,  to  thrive. 

tTeCCO  (akin  to  Tecca);  stuttering. 

T6ccol-a/;  \.  v.  Tecca.  2.(ornith.) 
spotted  crake,  Ortygometra  porzana, 
also  termed  Girardello,  Voltolino,  Sutro. 
Aff.  -ma  dim. 

Tecnic-ismo  ;«.;  technique.     Aff.  -amente,  -o. 
Tecnolog-ia/.  (Gr.  tt\\n\,  art);  as  E.    Aff. 
-ico. 

Teco ;  contr.  of  Con  te,  with  thee, 
often  used  pleonastically,  Con  teco,  with 
thee. 

*  Tecomcco  /«.  ;  =  Commettimale,  mischief- 
maker.  Fare  a  —  con  uno,  to  resist  him. 

Teda/  (L.  taedd);  I.  bridal  torch. 
2.  (bot.)  Pinus  taeda. 

Tedesc-am6nte  adv.;  -ante  Ger- 
manising ;  -eggiare  vb. ;  -heria  /.  Ger- 
man ways  ;  -o  German ;  -6ne  augm., 
-6ttO  augm.  vezz.,  -nine  spreg.,  of  -o. 

Etym.  mlt.  theodiscus,  > Germ,  tie ittsch.  "The 
first  examples  of  the  word  are  purely  linguistic,  and 
occur  only  in  Latin  texts :  as  tkeodisca  lingua  in 
the  Lorscher  Annalen  A.  D.  788,  in  the  Capitulare 
Italicum  8or,  and  in  Smaragds  Donatkommentar, 
about  805,  as  sertrto  theotiscus  in  Walahfrid  Strabo 
about  840,  as  a  single  word  theodisca  in  the  catalogue 
of  the  Reichenau  library,  and  as  tfaodisco,  831,  in 
the  catalogue  of  the  library  of  St  Riquier.  The  oldest 
instance,  theodisce,  is  in  a  report  of  the  Cardinal 
archbishop  George  of  Ostia  to  Pope  Hadrian  I. 

That  the  primary  sense  of  theodiscus  had  refe- 
rence to  language  is  shewn  by  old  passages  extending 
it  to  the  language  of  other  Germanic  races,  viz. 
Anglo-Saxon,  786,  Lombard,  788  and  801,  Gothic, 
805  and  840.  It  no  doubt  arose  in  the  Carolingian 
Empire  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  the  languages 
of  the  six  Rhine  provinces  by  one  term,  the  need 
for  which  was  felt  by  the  German  Church  from  the 
time  of  the  Mission  of  Boniface.  Thus  it  is  not  a 
term  of  racial  geography  but  of  ecclesiastical  politics, 
and  on  this  account  occurs  in  the  first  instance  only 
in  a  Latin  form :  Otfried,  about  860,  has  in  his  super- 
scription I,  i  cur  autor  hunc  librum  tlieodisce  con- 
scrtpserit,  but  in  the  German  text  which  follows  he 
calls  his  German  thin  frenkiska  zunga"  (Kluge, 
Etym.  diet.). 

Theodiscus  is  formed  from  O.H.G.  tkeoda, 
people,  akin  to  A.S.  tkiod,  people,  cp.  Gothic 
thiudiskd,  popular,  national.  The  root  is  tu,  to 
swell,  cp.  L.  totus,  Oscan  touto,  civic  community. 
y.  Skeat,  sub  Teutonic,  Tumid,  Walde,  sub  Tumeo, 
Kluge,  sub  Deutsch. 

Tediare  ind.  tedio,  tedi;  to  weary, 
to  bore. 

T4di-o  m.  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  -osamtete,  -osita, 
-oso. 

Teff  tn. ;  (/W.)  an  Abyssinian  grass,  Poa  Abys- 
sinica. 

Tefrina/  (Gr.  retypa,  ash) ;  a  cellular 
form  of  lava. 

•Tega/  (par.  of  Teca);  i.  pod.    tii.  =  Resta, 

awn.     iii.  =  Lisca,  fish-bone. 

Tegam-accio  m.  •  pegg.  of  -e. 

Tegamata/. ;  i.  pot-full.  2.  blow 
with  a  pot. 

Tegam-e  m. ;  deep  earthenware  pan. 
Aff.  -ina  wide  shallow  pan,  -ino  dim., 
-6ne  augm. 

Etym.  Presumably  <  a  bit.  form  **tegamen, 
which  is  probably  connected  with  L.  tegula,  tile, 


TEGLIA— TEMPRA 


619 


the  stem  teg-  having  been  taken  to  mean  earthen- 
ware (though  its  real  meaning  was  that  of  covering, 
v.  infra,  Tetto),  so  that  tegamen  would  be  literally 
piece  of  earthenware.  There  is  an  actual  L.  tegimen 
or  tegumen  meaning  "covering." 

TMgli-a  (Tegghia)  /.  (L.  tegula,  v. 
Tegola) ;  wide,  shallow  saucepan,  like 
a  Tegamina,  but  made  of  copper. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ata  pan-full,  -etta 
or  -na  dims.,  -etti'na  sub-dim.,  -one  or 
-ona  i.  augm.  of  -a,  2.  scherz.  for 
shovel-hat,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

•Tegna  m.  (Gr.);  art,  title  of  a  work  by  Galen. 

Tegnente ;  tenacious,  v.  Tenere. 

Te"gol-a/,  -o  m.  (L.  tegula,<tegere, 
to  cover,  v.  Tetto);  curved  roofing-tile, 
v.  Embrice  (i).  Cotto  com'  un  — , 
baked  like  a  tile,  i.e.  madly  in  love  or 
dead  drunk.  Aff.  -aia  tile-works,  -ata 
blow  from  a  tile. 

Tegolato;  i.  m.  tiled  roof.  2.  (herald.} 
adj.  of  a  shield  where  there  is  a  roof  of 
separate  colour. 

Tegol-6tta,  -etto,  -ina,  -ino  dimt.,  -6ne 
augm.,  of  -a. 

Tegumento  m.;  (anat.)  integument. 

Teiera/;  tea-pot. 

Teis-mo  m.;  theism.    Aff.  -ta. 

Tela  /  (L.,  a  contr.  <  **texla,  < 
texere,  to  weave,  root  tekth,  to  fashion, 
v.  Skeat, sub  Text) ;  i.  cloth.  2.  — in- 
cerata,  waxed  cloth,  oil-cloth.  3.  web 
of  a  spider.  4.  fig.  toil,  snare;  Una  — 
di  cabale  e  d'  inganni,  a  tangle  of  cabals 
and  deceptions ;  La  —  del  tempo  an- 
dato,  the  web  of  history.  5.  (mar.)  — , 
or  —  olona,  canvas.  6.  —  metallica, 
wire  gauze. 

Telaggio  m.\  texture,  quality,  of 
cloth. 

Telai-0  m.  (It.  tela);  i.  loom.  2.  by 
ext.,  frame  or  framework,^,  of  a  window 
or  piece  of  furniture,  or  fig.  of  a  story. 
3.  (print.)  chase.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-e"tto  -no  dims. 

Telamone  m. ;  sculptured  figure  of 
Atlas  serving  as  a  pillar,  like  a  Caryatid. 

•Telaragno  m. ;  =  Ragnatelo,  cobweb. 

Telare;  pop.  to  skedaddle,  said  to  be  derived 
from  Tela,  the  canvas  boundary  of  an  arena  for 
athletic  games,  a  player  who  was  driven  to  the 
boundary  being  thereby  excluded  from  remaining 
in  the  game. 

Telarfna  /  (dim.  Tela) ;  skim,  e.g. 
that  formed  upon  boiled  milk. 

•Telaro  m.  ;  =  Tclaio. 

Telefio  m.;  (tot.)  orpine,  v.  Erba  (21,  b). 

Telefon-are,  -ia,  -ico,  -o;  as  E.  (Gr.  TijA«, 
afar). 

Telegra-fare  ind.  telegrafo,  -fla,  -ficamente, 
-fico,  -fista,  -o,  -mma;  as  E. 

Teleolog-ia/  (Gr.);  doctrine  of  final  causes. 
Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Teleosc6pico ;  telescopic. 

Teleosteo  (Gr.  r«A«o«,  complete,  offrtov,  bone); 
as  E. ;  referring  to  the  class  of  fishes  with  bony 
skeleton,  which  includes  all  ordinary  fish. 

Telepatia/  (Gr.);  as  E.,  mental  action  caused 
from  a  distance. 

Telerfa  /. ;  cloth  goods. 

Telescdpio  m.;  as  E. 
*  Teleta  f.  (Gr.  T* >.mj) ;  religious  festival. 

Tetetta  / ;  dim.  Tela,  esp.  gold  or 
silver  embroidery. 

Tellfna/(Gr.  T«M.'i/7j);  i.  double  wedge-shell. 
2.   —  a  cuore,  cockle-shell,  Cardium  ednle 
Tellur-io,  -o  m.;  (cAem.)as  E. 


Ti§l-o  MI.  (var.  of  Tela) ;  breadth  of 
cloth.  Lenzuoli  a  tre  -i,  sheets  made 
of  three  breadths.  Per  questa  stanza 
si  vogliono  cinque  -i  del  tappeto,  this 
room  will  take  five  breadths  of  paper. 

Telo  m.  (L.  telum,  prob.  akin  to 
tendo,  that  which  is  directed) ;  javelin. 

*  =  Archibugio,  Ar.,  Orl.  Fur.  II.  22. 

Tel-6na /;=«»£,«.  -a. 
•Telonario  w.;  =  Gabelliere,  toll-collector. 

Teldne  m.  (augm.  Tela) ;  theatre- 
curtain. 

Tel6nio  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  T(\WVU\V,  toll- 
house, <  TC\OS,  tax,  oWo>,  to  enjoy); 
scherz.  desk,  office.  Ragazzi,  al  — , 
now,  boys,  to  work  ! 

Tema/;  fear. 

Tema  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  6cpa,  akin  to 
™'%u,  to  place,  root  dhe,  to  put) ;  theme. 

*  example. 

Tematico;  (gram.)  relating  to  the  stem  of  a 
word. 

Tematologiay:;  science  of  the  stems  of  words. 

Temenza/:;  awe. 

Temerari-o  (L.,  v.  Temerita);  rash.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Temere  ind.  temo,  perf.  tem-di  -dsti 
-e  or  -ette  -e'mmo  -dste  -drono  or  -ettero, 
part,  temuto  (L.) ;  to  fear. 

Temerita /  (L.,<temere  adv.,  rashly,  lit.  in 
the  dark,  cp.  Sanskr.  tamas,  gloom) ;  as  E. 

Temi,  Temide/;  (myth.)  Themis,  goddess  of 
justice. 

Tern -f  bile;  v.  -ere. 
*Temmirio  m.  (Gr.  reKftyfuov);  proof. 

Temo ;  poet,  for  Timone,  rudder. 

Temolo  m.  (L.  thymallus,  <  Gr.  6vuoAAo<) ; 
grayling. 

Tempaccio  m.;  pegg.  Tempo,  bad 
weather. 

Tempaiblo  m. ;  sucking-pig. 

Tempe/;  (geogr.)  a  Thessalian  valley  of  noted 
beauty. 

*Tempell-a/;  clapper.  *-are;  i.  to  rattle  a 
clapper,  ii.  to  hesitate,  iii.  to  keep  in  doubt. 
*-ata,  *-o;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Tempera/;  i.  temper,  e.g.  of  steel. 
2.  (paint.)  tempera,  painting  in  dis- 
temper, the  colours  being  mixed  with 
white  of  egg  or  other  "lutinous  material 
to  make  the  painting  adhere  to  the  sur- 
face,v.  Stemperare.  3.  (mus.)  timbre, 
quality  of  the  sound  of  a  given  note. 

Te'mperalapis  m. ;  pencil-sharpener. 

Temperame'nto  m. ;  i.  -ubsb.  of 
Temperare.  2.  =  Ripiego,  way  out  of 
a  difficulty.  3.  compromise.  4.  tem- 
perament. 5.  mixture  in  right  propor- 
tion. 

Temperan-te,  -temfnte,  -za;  as  E. 

Temper-are  ind.  tempero  (L.,  lit.  to 
assign  the  right  limits,  <  tempus  in  its 
orig.  sense  of  division,  marking  off,  v. 
Tempo);  i.  to  temper.  2.  to  cut,  e.g.  a 
quill  pen.  3.  —  1'  aratro,  to  adjust  the 
height  of  the  ploughshare.  4.  (mus.) 
=  Accordare. 

Aff.  -atamente,  -ativo,  -ato  adj.,  -atoia  plough, 
adjuster,  v.  -are  (3),  * -atoio  =  Temperino,  -attire, 
-atrice,  -atura. 

Temperie  /  (L.);  i.  seasonable 
weather.  2.  moderate  temperature  of 
water. 

Temperln-o  m. ;  pen-knife.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg.,  -ata  cut,  -dtto  -uccio  dims, 
spreg. 


Tempesta  f.  (L.  teinpestas,  orig.  weather 
either  good  or  bad,  <tempus,  v.  Tempo);  as  E. 

Tempest-are;  i.  to  rage.  2.  fig.  to 
storm,  in  anger.  3.  to  come  out  with  a 
flood,  e.g.  of  quotations.  4.  tr.  to  toss 
about,  as  a  ship  ;  to  harass,  as  a  be- 
sieging enemy  with  a  storm  of  shot; 
to  pull  about,  as  a  clock  which  will  not 
go.  Aff.  -\ofreq.  sb. 

Tempestiv-o ;  opportune.  Aff.  -a- 
mdnte. 

Tempest6s-o;  stormy.     Aff.  -aminte. 
Temp-6tto,    -ettino;   dim.,   sub-ltim.,    iron., 
of  -o. 

Tempia  /,  with  pi.  tempie  or  poet. 
tempia  (L.  tempora,  n.  pi.  ot  tempus,  v. 
infra,  sub  Tentare,  etym.)  ;  temple  (of 
the  head). 

Tempiale  m. ;  i.  =  Parte  del  telaio 
per  cui  la  tela  6  tenuta  stesa,  larga,  che 
non  si  sciupi  il  pettine,  breast  beam. 

2.  iron.  Un  — ,  =  E  coda,  with  plenty 
more  too. 

*  i.  =  Tempia.     ii.  =  Travetti  del  tetto,  rafters. 
•Tempiare  ;  to  make  the  frame  of  a  roof. 
*Tempiere  m. ;  Templar. 
Tempi-etto ;  dim.  -o.    -no ;  dim.  iron.  Tempo. 

Tempio  m.  (L.  templum,  lit.  place 
marked  off,  separated,  akin  to  Gr. 
Tefttvos,  sacred  enclosure,  rijivai,  to 
cut) ;  temple. 

•Tempione  m.;  i.  blow  on  the  temple,    ii.  stolid 
person. 

Tempissimo;  A  — ,  in  the  nick  of 
time.  Per  — ,  very  early. 

Tempista  m. ;  one  who  keeps  good 
time. 

Tempi-are  m. ;  Knight  Templar,  -o  m. ; 
poet,  for  Tempio. 

Tempo   m. ;    i.    time.      2.    weather. 

3.  season  ;    A   suo  — ,  at   the   fitting 
moment.     4.    Per  — ,  early,  betimes. 

£tym.  L.  tempus,  perhaps,  like  templ-um  (v. 
Tempio),  <  root  tfm,  to  mark  off,  so  that  the  lit. 
meaning  is  separate  space  of  time.  The  transition 
in  Italian  to  the  sense  of  "weuther,"  found  also  in 
Fr.  temps  and  Span,  tiempo,  seems  referable  to  the 
idea  of  time  as  some  specified  season  of  the  year, 
hence  the  corresponding  atmospheric  conditions  and 
so  weather  generally. 

Tempera/  pi. ;  (eccl.)  ember  days, 
the  three  fast-days  in  each  quarter, 
Wednesday,  Friday  and  Saturday,  fol- 
lowing the  first  Sunday  in  Lent,  Whit- 
sunday, Holy  Cross  day,  Sept.  14,  and 
St  Lucia's  day,  Dec.  13.  In  questa 
settimana  c'  e  le  Quattro  tempora,  this 
is  ember  week. 


Temporale ;  i.  m.  storm.  2.  adj. 
as  E. 

Temporalesco ;  stormy. 

Temporalista  w. ;  partisan  of  the  Pope's  tem- 
poral power. 

Temporalita/ ;  i.  time,  as  opposed 
to  eternity.  2.  in  pi.,  temporalities, 
income  of  a  church  living. 

Temporal-mente;  temporally,  z/.  -ita  (i). 
Temporane-o;  temporary.    Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 
Tempor-areamdnte;  i.q.  -aneamente. 
Temporeggi-are   ind.   temporeggio ;    to   tem- 
porise.    Aff.  -amento,  -atdre. 

Tempr-a  f. ;  var.  of  Tempera,  esp. 
in  sense  of  moral  fibre.  At  D.  Par. 
24.  13  the  meaning  appears  to  be  gear- 
ing; Cerchi  in  — ,  the  geared  wheels. 
Aff.  -are,  to  temper. 

78-2 


62O 


TEMPUCCIACCIO— TERCHIO 


Temp-ucciaccio  dim.  spreg.,  -uccio  dim., 
of  -o. 

*Temulento(L.);  drunk. 

Tenac-e  (I,.) ;  tenacious.  Aff.  -emente,  -etto 
dim.,  -ia  or  -ita. 

Tenaglia ;  v.  Tanaglia. 

tTenca,  Tenchia/;  i.  v.  Tinea,  tench,     ii.  — 
de  mar,  a  species  of  wrasse,  v .  Labbro  (c). 
*Tencione;  v.  Tenzone. 

Tend-a  /  (bit.  tenda,  vbsb.  of  L. 
tendere,  cp.  L.  dim.  tendicula,  stretcher) ; 

1.  tent.     2.  curtain.     3.   awning.     Aff. 
-accia  spreg.,  -ale  augm.,  -ale'tto  dim., 
-ami  m.  pi.,  tents,  including  their  poles 
and  cordage,  *-arola  dim.,  -ato  group 
of  tents. 

Tendenza  f.\  tendency. 

Tender  m.  (a  word  borrowed  from  English) ; 
=  Furgone. 

Tendere  perf.  te"si,  part.  te"so  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tend,  Thin);  i.  to  stretch 
out.  2.  to  tend.  3.  to  lay  (snares). 
4.  to  extend ;  —  1'  orecchio,  to  listen. 

*  i.  to  intend,  ii.  of  an  army,  to  be  stationed, 
Ar.,  Orl.  Fur.  30.  15. 

Tendfna/  (dim.  Tenda) ;  i.  window- 
blind  or  other  small  curtain.  2.  shade 
worn  to  protect  the  eyes.  3.  in  //., 
scattered  locks  over  the  temples. 

Tendin-e  m.  (L.  tendo,  vbsb.  of  ten- 
dere);  sinew.  AJf.-eo adj.,-6uo  dim.,-6so. 

Tend-it6io  m. ;  yard  for  clothes- 
lines. -it6re  m. ;  v.  -ere. 

Tend6ne  m. ;  augm.  Tenda,  esp. 
theatre  curtain.  Parer  la  morte  nel  — , 
to  look  very  thin,  referring  to  a  custom 
at  funerals  in  certain  localities  of  draping 
a  skeleton  in  church. 

Tenducciay^;  <iim.  spreg.  Tenda. 

Tenebre  /  pi.  (L.,  root  tern,  cp. 
E.  dim,  Germ.  Dammerung,  twilight, 
Sanskr.  tam-as,  gloom);  i.  darkness. 

2.  (eccl.)   matins   sung   on   the   eve  of 
Thursday,  Friday  and  Saturday  in  Holy- 
Week,  -v.  Panca  (4).    Esserci  or  Parerri 
le  — ,  of  a  family  always  quarrelling 
noisily. 

Tenebrfa  /  ;  dark  space. 

Tenebrdne  m. ;  i.  gloomy  'person. 
2.  old  growler.  3.  muddle-headed 
person. 

Tenebr6s-o ;  gloomy.  Aff.  -ame'nte, 
-ita. 

Tenendi  (Latinism);  Modo  — ,  way 
to  behave. 

Tenente  m. ;  i.  (mil.  and  mar.) 
lieutenant.  2.  (herald.)  in  pi.,  sup- 
porters. 

Tenure  ind.  tengo  tieni  tiene  tenidmo 
ortenghiamo  tene'te  tengono,/cf/;  tenni 
tenesti  te"nne  tenemmo  tendste  tennero, 
fut.  terro,  subj.  tenga...teniamo  teniate 
tengano,  perf.  subj.  tene'ssi  tene'ssi  te- 
ndsse  tenessimo  tene'ste  tenessero,  part. 
tenuto  (L.,  i>.  Skeat,  sub  Tenable) ;  i .  to 
hold.  2.  to  keep.  3.  to  occupy.  4.  - 
dietro,  to  follow.  5.  Tenerci  a,  to  be 
attached  to ;  Ci  tiene  a  quest'  orologio 
che  era  di  suo  padre,  he  is  attached  to 
this  clock  which  was  his  father's.  6.  to 
bear  (fruit).  7.  —  da  or  di,  to  resemble, 
e.g.  one's  parents.  8.  Esser  tenuto,  to 
be  obliged  ;  Le  son  tenuto  se  mi  rimanda 


quel  libro,   I   shall  be  glad  if  you  will 
return  me  that  book.     *As  sb.,  handle. 

Tener-o  (L.,  root  ten,  to  stretch, 
cp.  tennis,  thin) ;  i.  tender.  2.  pliant. 
3.  Sapone  — ,  soft  soap. 

Aff.  -ello  -etto  dims.,  -ezza,  -ino  dint,  vess., 
-one  augm.  spreg.,  -6tto  -uccio  dims. 

Tenerume  m. ;  i.  soft  things.  2.  soft 
bones  and  cartilages,  e.g.  in  a  cooked 
chicken. 

Tonesmo  m.',  (med.)  as  E.,  the  dragging  pain 
of  dysentery. 

Teniay^  (L.  ,<Gr.  rati/ia,  ribbon,  root  ten,  to 
stretch) ;  tape-worm.     *  (arch.)  fillet. 
*  Teniere  m. ;  shaft  of  a  cross-bow. 
*Tenimento   m.  ;    i.  =  Tenuta.      ii.  —  Sostegno, 
support,     iii.  holding,  piece  of  land.     iv.  ~  Obbligo. 
v.  =  Rione. 

Tenni ;  perf.  of  Tenere. 

Ten6re  m.\  i.  tenor,  bearing.  2.  (mus.)  tenor. 
3.  (/<?*/.)= Armenia.  *  =  Notizia,  news. 

Tenor-eggiare  ind.  tenoreggio ;  to  have  a 
tenor  voice,  -mo  dim.,  -6ne  augm.,  -uccio  dim. 
spree.,  of  -e. 

Tenotom-iay?;  (surf.)  as  E.  -o  ;«.;  tenotomy 
knife. 

Tensa  f.  (L.);  the  sacred  car  on  which  the 
images  of  the  gods  were  carried  at  the  Circensian 
games. 

Tens-i6ne_/;;  as  E.     Aff.  -ivo. 

Tenta/.  (L.  tentare,  to  test);  (surf.)  tent,  a 
plug  or  roll  of  lint  for  dilating  an  opening  which  it 
is  necessary  to  probe. 

Tent-abile;  v.  -are.     -acolo  m.;  as  E. 

Tent-are  ittd.  tento;  i.  to  attempt, 
try.  2.  to  test  the  condition  of,  to 
sample ;  —  il  flume,  to  try  the  depth 
of  the  stream.  3.  to  try  the  moral 
condition  of,  to  tempt ;  Lo  fa  per  -arvi, 
he  is  doing  that  by  way  of  trying  you  ; 
Questo  e  un  vero  —  Dio,  this  really  is 
tempting  Providence.  4.  to  nudge  ;  Mi 
-ava  col  gomito  perche  stessi  zitto,  he 
gave  me  a  nudge  with  his  elbow  to 
keep  quiet.  5.  Chi  sa  quel  che  -a,  who 
knows  what  he  is  up  to?  6.  to  tempt 
to  wrong-doing. 

Etym.  L.,  -viz.  either  <  tentare  or  temptare, 
two  words  the  identity  of  which  is  doubtful.  Tentare 
is  a  frequentative  from  tentum,  supine  both  of  tenere 
and  tendere,  and  the  senses  of  trying,  tempting,  and 
so  on,  readily  come  from  either.  Temptare  is  either 
a  variant  of  tentare  or  together  with  tempus,  temple 
of  the  head,  referable  to  a  root  ttmp-,  v.  Walde,  sub 
Tempto.  Walde  interprets  temp,  as  either  spannen 
(=to  strain)  or  schlagen,  klop/en  (  =  to  knock),  and 
tempus,  either  as  Gespanntes,  or  Schlagendes,  KlopJ- 
endes,  on  which  showing  tempus  is  to  be  regarded 
as  either  that  part  of  the  head  which  is  stretched 
straight  or  that  part  which  throbs,  viz.  from  the 
temporal  artery,  and  temptare  is  primarily  either  to 
keep  straining  after  or  to  keep  knocking  at. 

Aff.   -ativo  sb.  attempt,  -atore,   -atora,   -atrice, 
-azioncclla  dim.,  -azione. 
*  Tentellare ;  =  Tintinnare. 

Tentenna/. ;  i.  vacillation.  2.  as 
a  nickname;  II  re  — ,  Charles  Albert 
of  Savoy. 

Tentennamdrti  m. ',  strengthened  form  of 
Tentenna  (2). 

Tentenn-are  ind.  tentenno  (imit. 
from  the  sound  of  a  bell,  but  in  mean- 
ing from  the  swinging  of  it);  i.  to  jog. 
2.  —  il  capo,  to  nod.  3.  to  vacillate. 
*=  Tintinnare.  Aff.  -ata  a  shake, 
-atina  dim. 

Tentennella  f. ;  i.  clack  of  a  mill-hopper. 
2.  =Quella  parte  della  ruota  del  mulino  che  muove 
le  macine. 

Tentennin-o  in. :  \.  dim.  Tentenna,  wavercr. 
2.  scherz.  the  solar  spectrum.  3.  (hot.*)  (a)  rough- 
podded  tare,  Erv-um  hiisvtum;  (f>)  —  maggiore, 
great  quaking-grass,  Briza  mitxima,  also  termed 
Sonaglini,  Tamburini,  Tremolino;  (c)  —  de'  prati, 
field  quaking-grass,  Briza  media',  (j)  Erba  -a,  least 


quaking-grass,  f.   Erba  (150);    (e)  Veccia  -a,  joint- 
vetch,  v.    Piede  (18,  tr). 

Tentenn-io ;  freq.  sb.  of  -are.  -onaccio 
augm.  pfgg.,  -6ne  -6na  attgms.,  of  -a.  waverer. 
-6ni ;  adv. 

*Tentillo  m.;=Tentennella. 

Tent6n-e,  -i  adv. ;  groping. 

Tenu-e  (L.,  root  ten,  to  stretch, 
v.  Tendere) ;  thin,  slight,  slender.  Aff. 
-eme'nte,  -ita. 

Tenuta  /  (It.  tenere) ;  i.  cubic 
capacity.  2.  Bottino  a  — ,  watertight 
cesspool,  in  contrast  to  Smaltitoio, 
one  where  the  water  soaks  away;  Muro 
a  — ,  watertight  wall.  3.  (agric.)  hold- 
ing (of  considerable  area).  4.  (mil.) 
uniform,  with  reference  to  the  duty 
being  done ;  —  di  fatica,  fatigue  uni- 
form ;  In  bassa  — ,  in  half  uniform;  In 
gran  — ,  in  full  uniform.  Similarly  of 
civil  attire,  Gran  — ,  full  dress.  5.  —  di 
libri,  book-keeping.  6.  (mar.)  holding, 
gripe  (of  the  anchor). 

Tenutario  m. ;  landed  proprietor. 

Tenut-ella/;  dim.  -a. 
*Tenza  yl ;=  Tenzone. 
Tenuto;  part.  Tenere. 

Tenzbn-e  (Tencione,  Tenzione)  f. ; 
i.  dispute,  combat.  2.  poetical  com- 
petition. Aff.  -are  vb. 

Etym.  Augm.  of  Tenza,  =  Provenc..  tensa,  old 
Fr.  tencf,  contest,  <  bit.  **  tentiare,  jTrctj.  of  L. 
tendere,  v.  Tendere.  **  Tentiare  is  further  evi- 
denced by  Proven5-  tensar,  old  Fr.  tettcer,  >  Fr. 
tancer,  to  chide. 

Teocr-aticamente,  -atico,  -azia ;  as  E. 

Teodia./  (Gr.  0eo«,  w&ri);  hymn  to  God. 

Teodicea  J.  (Gr.  tfeos,  iuoj);  justification  of 
God. 

Tepdolito  m.  (<E.  theodolite,  <  the  proper 
name  Theodolns,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)',  an  instrument 
for  measuring  angles. 

Teo-dosiano;  belonging  either  to  Theodosius 
the  Great  or  to  Theodosius  II.  -frasto  ;  Theo- 
phrastus.  -gonia  /.  as  E.  -logale  i.q.  -logico. 
-legate  f£.  -logastro  spreg.  -loghessa  /. 
-logia  /  as  E.  -logicamente  -Ibgico  -lo- 
gizzare  v.  -logo. 

Te6Jogo  m.  (Gr. ;  for  0eos  v.  supra,  Bestia); 
tbeologiftn. 

Teorem  -  a  m.  (Gr. ,  <  flewp^iV,  v.  Teatro) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -atico. 

Teor-etico;  =  -ico.     Aff.  -eticamente. 

Teor-fa/  (Gr.,  <6ea,pos,  spectator, 
v.  Teatro) ;  I.  theory.  2.  embassy  or 
legation  in  ancient  Greece.  Aff.  -ica, 
i.q.  -ia,  -icamente,  -ico  theoretical. 

Teoro  m.  •  legate. 

Teosof-ia/  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -o. 
Tepere  ind.  tepo  (L.  ttpfre,  v.  Tiepido) ;  to  be 
warm. 

Tepidario  m.;  i.  warm  room  in  a 
bath-house.  2.  greenhouse  slightly 
warmed. 

Tep-ido ;  =  Tiepido.  -6re  m. ;  plea- 
sant warmth. 

Tepp-ayl ;  originally  a  secret  society 
formed  at  Milan  about  the  year  1800  for 
punishing  evil-doers  whose  offences  did 
not  fall  within  the  criminal  code.  It  now 
means  any  organised  band  of  ruffians. 
Aff.  -ista  hooligan. 

Terap£utic-ay:,  -o  adj.;  as  E. 

Terapia  /.  (Gr.,  cp.  0ifxiir<oi-,  servant,  root 
dker,  to  maintain,  support,  cp.  Sanskr.  dharitri, 
supporter);  i.g.  Terapeutica. 

Teratolog-ia  f.  ;  science  of  monsters.  Aff. 
-ico. 

Terb-io  m. ;  (chem.)  terbium,  -ina  f. ;  its 
oxide. 

*Terchio  ;  =  Rozzo,  Zotico,  boorish. 

Etym.  dub.  Referred  by  Diez,  together  with 
Span,  terco,  obstinate,  to  L.  tetricus,  stern,  which 


TEREBENE— TERRAZZO 


621 


is  attributed  by  Walde  to  the  same  root  as  ttrere,  to 
pierce,  with  the  lit.  sense  of  having  piercing  eyes. 

Tereben-e,  -o,  or  -tlno  m. ;  essence 
of  turpentine. 

Terebentina  f, ;  =  Trementina,  tur- 
pentine. 

Terebinto  m.  (L.,  <Gr.  Teptfiivdos, 
<an  earlier  form  re'/>/itvdos) ;  (hot.) —  di 
Chio,  Chian  turpentine  tree,  Pistacia 
terebinthus. 

Terebratdio  m. ;  boring  tool. 

Teredine  /  (L.) ;  boring  worm, 
Teredo  navalis. 

Teresiano  adj. ;  of  an  Order  founded 
by  Teresa  d'Avila  in  the  i6th  century. 

tTeresina;  nickname  for  effeminate  man. 
Tergemino;  (/>«*/.)=  Triplice. 

Tergere  ind.  ter-go  -gi,  per/,  tersi, 
part,  terso  (L.) ;  =  Pulire,  to  wipe,  scour. 

Tergiduttdre  m.  (coined  from  L. 
tergum,  back,  duco,  to  lead) ;  officer  of 
the  rearguard. 

Tergivers-are  ind.  tergiverso  (L., 
v.  Skeat  sub  voc.);  to  give  elusive 
replies.  Ajf,  -atore,  -azi6ne. 

Tfcrgo  m.  (L.) ;'  back. 

•Terl  w.,=Tari,  groat. 

Teriacay.;=Tnaca,  soothing  medicine. 
*  Teristro  m.  (Gr.  fHpLtrrpov,  light  garment,  < 
dtpos,  summer)  ;  =  Zendado,  fine  silken  veil. 
tTerlis  /«.;=Traliccio,  sacking. 

Term-e  /  //.  (L.,  <  Gr.  dtppos, 
warm);  i.  warm  baths,  esp.  of  ancient 
Rome.  2.  warm  bathing  locality.  Aff. 
-ico. 

Termidor-iano  ;  v.  -o.  -ista  m. ; 
partisan  opposed  to  Robespierre  in  the 
time  of  the  French  Revolution. 

Termiddro  m. ;  thermidor,  the  third 
summer  month  of  the  French  republican 
calendar. 

Termin-are  ind.  termino;  to  end.  Ajf.  -abile, 
-abilita,  -ale,  -atame'nte  expressly,  -ativo,  -atore, 
-atnra,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Terrain -e  m.  (L.,  root  ter,  to  pass 
over,  so  that  terminus  is  the  place 
reached  by  one  who  crosses  over,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Term,  Thrum) ;  i.  boundary. 
2.  ending.  3.  term.  4.  aim,  object. 
5.  Mezzo  — ,  middle  term  of  a  syllogism, 
hence  6.  mode  of  compassing  one's 
wishes,  way  out  of  a  difficulty,  com- 
promise. 7.  in  pi.,  state,  way;  Si 
trova  a  brutti  -i,  he  is  in  a  bad  way. 
8.  (archae.)  a  Terminus  pillar,  bust  of 
some  god  or  demigod  on  a  square 
pillar.  9.  In  —  di,  within  the  space 
of.  10.  Nei  -i,  within  the  bounds  of 
good  taste,  n.  Essere  in  —  di,  to  be 
in  a  position  to  (take  some  course). 
12.  In  —  di  morte,  at  the  point  of  death. 

Terminista  m. ;  (tkeol.)  one  who  holds  that 
there  is  a  limit  in  the  life  of  each  man  and  of  man- 
kind for  the  operation  of  grace. 

TerminologiayC;  as  E. 

Termobardmetro  m.  \  thermobarometer,  an 
instrument  for  determining  atmospheric  pressure  by 
observing  the  boiling-point  of  water. 

Termo-dinamica/.,  -elettrico;  as  E. 

Termografia/.;  any  process  of  writing  which 
involves  the  application  of  heat. 

Termologia/;  science  of  warm  baths. 

Termomandmetro  ;».;  apparatus  shewing  the 
temperature  of  a  boiler. 

Term&metr-o  m.  •  as  E.     Aff.  -ia,  -ico. 


Termometrdgrafo  m.  ;  registering  thermo- 
meter. 

Termdpil-e  or  -\/.  //. ;  (geogr.)  Thermopylae, 
in  Thessaly. 

Termoscdpio  /«.;  a  delicate  kind  of  thermo- 
meter. 

Terna/  ;  group  of  three. 

*  Ternale  m. ;  (mar.)  i.  =  Canapo  piano,  commesso 
a  tre  legnoli,  rope  of  three  strands,      ii.    purchase 
consisting  of  such  a  rope  and  two  pulleys. 
Ternario ;  r.  ternary.     2.  as  sfl.  =  Terzina. 

Tern-o  m.  (L.) ;  i.  at  dice,  the  three. 
2.  as  adj.,  belonging  to  the  number 
three.  3.  in  the  public  lotteries,  prize 
payable  on  a  ticket  containing  three  out 
of  the  five  numbers  drawn,  v.  Lotto  (i) ; 
-  secco,  when  no  prize  is  received 
unless  all  three  of  the  numbers  staked 
upon  are  drawn,  that  is  to  say  the 
Estratto  and  the  Ambo  are  excluded. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Terpina,  Terpfnola  / ;  essence  of 
turpentine. 

Terr-a/  (L.,  akin  to  Irish  tir,  ter- 
ritory, or  as  adj.  dry,  Cornish  and 
Breton  tir,  the  earth,  also  to  L.  torreo, 
so  that  the  lit.  meaning  is  dry  ground, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Terrace) ;  i.  earth.  2.  pro- 
perty, estate ;  Aver  della  —  al  sole,  to 
be  the  owner  of  some  land.  3.  country, 
district.  4.  town.  5.  clay ;  —  cotta, 
earthenware.  6.  -  -  vergine,  =  Sotto- 
suolo,  subsoil.  7.  A  fior  di  — ,  in  the 
top  soil.  8.  Tra  le  due  -e,  or  Tra  — .  e 
— ,  just  under  the  surface,  between  the 
top  soil  and  the  subsoil.  9.  Essere 
1'  acqua  in  — ,  to  threaten  rain.  10.  the 
ground  where  one  is,  whether  indoors 
or  out;  Casco  in  piana  — ,  he  fell  right 
down  to  the  ground,  u.  Mettere  in, 
or  per  — ,  to  find  fault  with,  the  opposite 
of  Metier  in  cielo.  12.  Le  trova  di 
sotto  — ,  he  invents  all  kinds  of  fictions 

or  excuses.    13.  Andar ,(a)(mar.) 

to  coast  alongshore,  (6)  of  a  bird  flying, 
to  skim  the  ground;  Tagliare  il  grano 

— ,  to  reap  close.  14.  Dare  come 
in  — ,  to  knock  violently.  15.  (paint.) 
—  d'  ombra,  umber.  16.  (hot.)  (a)  - 
crepola,  a  species  of  hawkweed,  v. 
Caccialepre  ;  (6)  —  merita,  turmeric, 
v.  Curcuma  ;  (c)  --  noce,  pig-nut,  v. 
Castagna  (i,  d). 

Terraccia/.;  pegg.  Terra. 
*Terraccio  m.;  L  — Mezzule.     ii.  =  Terriccio. 

Terrac6tta  f. ;  work  of  art  in  terra  cotta. 

Terracqueo ;  v.  Terraqueo. 

Terracrepolo  m. ;  l(6ot.)  i.  v.  Terra  (16,  a). 
2.  in  pi.  =  Lattughini,  lamb's  lettuce. 

*Terrafin-are;  to  exile.     *-eor*-o;  exiled. 
'Terraggio;  old/x/.  of  Tenere. 

Terraglia  /  ;  crockery,  pottery, 
earthenware. 

*Terraglio  ni.\  i.  =Terrazzo.     ii.  =Terrapieno. 
*Terragno;  on  the  ground. 

Terragnolo  ;  (ornith.)  Piccione  — ,  rock-dove, 
v.  Piccione  (A 

Terraiolo,  Torraidlo ;  i.q.  Terragnolo. 

Terramara  f,  (corr.  of  Kmilian  dial,  ierre- 
marna) ;  a  term  used  by  scientists  to  denote  settle- 
ments belonging  to  the  bronze  age  made  of  dry  earth 
and  surrounded  by  a  rampart  or  by  a  ditch. 

Terrandva;  (geogr.)  Newfoundland. 

Terrantola  /.  (var.  of  Tarantula);  a  kind  of 
lizard  somewhat  resembling  the  Stellione. 

Terrapien-o  m. ;  platform,  terrace. 
Aff.  -are  vb. 

Terr-aqueo,  -acqueo;  consisting  of  land  and 
,sea. 

Terrati-cante,  -cbiere  m. ;  former 


occupying  land  at  a  definite  money 
rent,  -co  m. ;  \.  tenure  of  this  kind. 
2.  the  rent. 

Etym.    Modern  terms,  formed  from  Ital.  terra. 
*  Terrato  m. ;  i.  embankment,     ii.  =  Solaio,  loft. 

Terrazza  /  (bit.  **  terraceus,  <  L. 
terra,  v.  supra,  Terra) ;  the  same  as 
Terrazzo,  but  larger. 

Terrazzano  m.  (bit.  ** terracianus, 
<L.  terra);  i.  peasant.  2.  highlander. 
*fellow-townsman. 

*Terraiszare;  i.  to  dress  with  fresh  soil.     ii.  to 
pave  with  mosaics. 

Terrazzato  ;  (herald.)  standing  upon  a  platform. 
Terrazzin-a/;  =  -o  (2),  terrace. 

Terrazzin-o    m.    (dim.    Terrazzo) ; 

1.  balcony  with  only  one  window  giving 
access  to  it,  see  note'  under  Terrazzo. 

2.  Coltivazione  a  — ,  or  a  -e,  terrace- 
cultivation  on  steep  hill-sides. 

Terrazzo  m.  (var.  of  Terrazza) ; 
i.  balcony.  2.  belvedere,  verandah, 
but  not  on  the  ground-floor  level. 

3.  terraced  roof,  flat  roof.     4.  (herald?) 
the  same  as  Campagna  (5),  but  with 
the  upper  margin  of  the  space  irregularly 
outlined. 


Other  terms  for  various  kinds 
of  open  gallery  are  Balcone,  Terrazzino, 
Verone,  Ballatoio,  which  are  distin- 
guished as  follows  by  E.  Sergent  in 
his  Vocabolario  domestico. 

"  It  seems  that  Balcone  as  used  by 
old  authors  is  the  same  as  Finestra,  but 
it  would  not  be  so  used  in  Tuscany  now, 
unless  possibly  in  a  lofty  style  of  writing 
and  in  reference  to  great  houses.  At 
Rome,  Naples  and  elsewhere,  a  Balcone 
is  what  is  called  in  Tuscany  a  Terraz- 
zino. 

"Terrazzino  is  a  horizontal  surface, 
generally  of  stone,  projecting  from  the 
outer  wall  of  a  house;  it  is  placed  in 
front  of  a  window  opening  down  to  the 
floor  and  is  closed  in  by  a  railing  or  by 
balusters. 

"The  floor  of  the  Terrazzino  is 
generally  on  a  level  with  that  of  the 
room.  In  some  Italian  cities  it  is 
termed  Poggiuolo,  a  word  which  seems 
to  have  been  used  nearly  in  the  same 
sense  by  old  Tuscan  authors. 

"  Terrazzo  is  an  uncovered  space  in 
the  upper  floors,  sometimes  in  the  top 
floor  of  the  house,  open  on  one  or  more 
sides  and  protected  by  a  railing,  a 
balustrade,  or  a  parapet. 

"Verone  was  formerly  used  for  either 
Terrazzo,  Loggia,  Andito,  or  Corridoio. 
At  the  present  day,  especially  in  country 
places,  it  is  the  landing,  with  a  parapet 
or  railing,  at  the  top  of  an  outside  stair- 
case parallel  to  the  house  wall. 

"  Ballatoio  is  a  long  balcony  over- 
hanging the  courtyard  or  the  street  and 
serving  to  give  access  to  various  rooms. 
Another  term  for  it  is  Ringhiera,  the 
name  of  the  part  being  taken  for  the 
whole.  The  name  of  Ballatoio  is  also 
given  to  the  platform  surrounding  the 
base  of  a  church  dome  either  in- 
ternally or  externally,  or  to  that  running 


622 


TERRAZZONE— TESTAIOLA 


round  the  interior  of  the  church  itself, 
its  floor  being  formed  by  a  widely- 
projecting  cornice." 

Terrazz-6ne,  -6na:  aitgm.  of-o,  -a. 

Terrem6t-0  m.  (L.  terrae,  motus) ; 
earthquake.  Dar  le  mosse  a'  -i,  to  be 
the  author  of  earthquakes,  said  of  one 
assuming  airs  of  importance. 

Tcrren-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -o,  or  of  Pianterreno. 

Terrename'nte ;  according  to  the 
way  of  this  world. 

Terre"no  ;  I.  earthly.  2.  Pian  — , 
ground  floor.  3.  as  sb.,  soil,  ground. 

Terr-eo ;  earthy.    -estre ;  as  E. 

Terr^tta/ ;  I.  smalltown.  2.  earth 
suitable  for  use  in  painting,  also  termed 
Terra  di  cava.  3.  china  clay. 

Terribil-e;  as  E.    Aff.  -ilk,  -mente. 

Terricciato  m. ;  mixed  earth  and 
dung. 

Terriccio  m. ;  garden  mould.  +  terra 
cotta  vase. 

Terriccidla  f.  \  tract  of  cultivable 
ground. 

Terriera  f. ;  nun  who  goes  out  to 
market. 

Terriere ;  Possidente  — ,  landowner. 

*  Assb. :  i.  inhabitant  of  a  walled  town.  ii.  peasant. 

Terrlna  /  (bit.  **terrinus,  cp.  Fr. 
terrine) ;  pie-dish,  earthen  bowl. 

Terribla/ ;  fine  mould. 

Territori-o  in,  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ale. 

Terrolina  f.',  fine  earth,  such  as 
ochre,  for  colouring. 

Terror-e,  -iSmo,  -ista,  -izzare :  as  E. 

Terr6so  ;  mixed  or  covered  with 
earth,  muddy. 

Terrucola  /;  dim.  sprig.  Terra. 

Ters-amente,  -ezza;  v.  -o. 

Tersicore;  Terpsichore,  the  Muse  of  dancing. 

Terso;  i.  part.  Tergere.  2.  as  adj., 
terse.  *  =  Terzo. 

Terza  f.  ;  (herald.)  in  //.  bars  or 
bands  grouped  on  the  shield  in  sets  of 
threes.  *one  of  the  Canonical  Hours, 
tierce,  v.  Canonico  (3). 

Terzana/.  (L.);  (meet.)  tertian  ague. 
Also  used  as  adj. 

*Terzana?«. ;  arsenal. 

Terzanella  /  ;  i.  i.q.  Terzana. 
2.  (hot.)  pimpernel,  v.  Erba  (60).  3.  silk 
cloth  made  from  double  thread. 

•Terzare  (L.  tertian);  to  plough  for  the  third 
time. 

Terzar-fcla,  -u61a/ ;  coarse  shot. 

Terzar-olare,  -uolare ;  (mar.)  to 
reef. 

Terzar-61o,  -ublo,  Terzer-61o,  -u61o 
m.  (It.  terzo,  lit.  therefore  the  third  part 
of  a  thing);  (mar.)  reef,  as  being  about 
the  third  part  of  the  sail ;  Prima  mano 
di  -i,  or  —  di  caccia,  first  reef,  bag  reef; 
Secondo,  terzo  — ,  or  Seconda,  terza 
mano  di  — ,  second,  third  reef;  Ultimo 
— ,  close  reef;  Prender  1'  ultima  mano 
di  — ,  to  close-reef,  take  in  the  last  reef; 
Con  due  -i  alle  gabbie,  under  double- 
reefed  topsails  ;  Essere  coi  bassi  -i,  to 


be  close-reefed ;   —  diagonale,  balance 
reef. 

*i.  the  smallest  sail  on  a  mast  in  a  ship  with 
square  sails.  But  any  small  sail,  such  as  a  staysail, 
was  also  called  Terzarolo,  as  it  were  the  third  part 
of  a  full-sized  sail,  v.  supra,  Artimone.  ii.  in  a 
galley,  the  shortest  oar  where  there  were  more  oars 
than  one  to  each  bench  of  rowers,  iii.  the  third 
rower  where  there  were  four  rowers  to  each  oar. 
iv.  a  short  kind  of  arquebuse.  v.  =Sparviere,  hawk, 
vi.  a  small  wine-measure. 

Terz-ava,  -avolay^;  great-great-grandmother. 

Terz-avo,  -ayolo  m. ;  great-great-grandfather. 
*Terzeria  /.;  i.  third  part  of  a  thing,  ii.  tax. 

Terzer-olo,  -uolo;  v.  Terzarolo. 

Terze'tt-a/  (It.  terzo,  having  ori- 
ginally been  an  arquebuse  with  a  barrel 
one  third  the  usual  length)  ;  pocket- 
pistol.  Aff.  -ata  pistol  shot,  -ina  dim. 

Terzetto  m.;  i.  =  Terzina.  2.  (mus.) 
trio. 

*  Terziare  ;  =  Terzare. 

Terziario;  i.  (eccl.)  adj.  or  sb.,  the 
third  class  of  Franciscan  monks,  not 
living  a  cloistered  life.  2.  (geol.)  ter- 
tiary. 

Terziere  ;«. ;   third  part  of  a  city. 

*  =  Terzino. 

Terz-iglio,  -ilio  m.  ;  =  Calabresella 
(since  it  is  a  game  for  three). 

Terzina/;  i.  triplet,  v.  Terzo  (2). 
2.  =Terno. 

Terzlno  m. ;  bottle  holding  one-third 
of  a  Fiasco. 

Terz-o  (L.  tertius) ;  i.  third;  in//., 
third  parties.  2.  -a  rima,  a  form  of 
triplet  in  iambic  decasyllabics  in  which 
the  middle  line  of  the  triplet  rhymes 
with  the  first  and  third  lines  of  the  next 
triplet,  as  in  Dante's  Divina  Commedia 
and  Longfellow's  translation  of  it.  3.  as 
adv.,  thirdly.  4.  as  sb.,  —  d'  Aquila, 
=  Biancone,  harrier  eagle. 

*i.  v.  Terza.  ii.  Non  tirar  da  -a  in  la,=Aver 
le  traveggole.  iii.  =  Terzetto,  iv.  (mil.)  as  sl>., 
division,  v.  II  —  e  il  quarto,  this  person  and  that, 
such  and  such,  anybody,  vi.  —  acuto,  sharp-pointed 
arch. 

Terzodecimo ;  =  Tredicesimo,  thir- 
teenth. 

Terzo-genito,  -nato  ;   third  born. 

Terz-61o,  -u61o  m. ;  (ornith.)  \.  gos- 
hawk, v.  Astore  (i).  2.  —  pellegrino, 
peregrine  falcon,  v.  Falcone  (l,  a). 

*  =  *Terzarolo  (i). 

Terz6ne  m. ;  packing-cloth. 

Te'sa  /  (It.  teso,  part,  of  tendere) ; 
i .  bending.  2.  net  spread  out  to  catch 
birds  or  other  animals.  3.  the  spot 
where  it  is  spread.  4.  the  bird-catching 
season.  5.  brim  of  a  large  hat. 

*i.  stretch  (of  time),  ii.  fathom,  length  of  the 
outstretched  arms. 

Tesare  hid.  teso;  (mar.)  to  heave  taut. 

Tesbite ;  II  — ,  Elijah,  the  Tishbite. 

Tescbi-o  m.  (L.  testula,  dim.  of  testa, 
pan,  which  is  prob.  akin  to  texere,  to 
fashion,  v.  Tessere) ;  i.  skull.  2.  (herald.) 
i.q.  Massacro. 

Tesi/  (Gr.  &'<m,  <**&'«,  old  form 
of  rMijju,  to  place,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Do) ; 
I.  thesis,  theme.  2.  thesis,  dropping 
the  voice  on  an  unaccented  syllable,  as 
opposed  to  arsis. 


Tesifone;  (myth.)  Tisiphone,  one  of  the  three 
Furies. 

*Tesino»/.  ;  the  river  Ticino. 

Tesmofdrie  f.  pi.',  feast  in  honour  of  Ceres  as 
legislator. 

Tesmoteta  m.  ;  title  of  six  out  of  the  nine 
archons  in  Athens  who  were  in  charge  of  the  laws. 

Te"so  ;  part.  Tendere. 

Tes6na^;  augm.  ofTesa. 

Tesoreggiare  ind.  tesore'ggio;  to 
gather  up  riches. 

Tesorerla  /  ;  treasury. 

Tesor-e'tto  m.  ;  i  .  dim.  of  -o.  2.  title 
of  a  poem  by  Brunetto  Latini. 

Tesorier-e  m.  ;  treasurer.  Aff.  -a/, 
-ato  treasurership. 

Tesor-izzare;=-eggiare. 

Tesbro  ;//.  (L.,  <  Gr.  6t)<ravpos,  root 
dhe,  to  place)  ;  treasure. 

tTessand-ola,  -ora  /;  =  Tessitora. 
*Tessellare;  =  TasselIare. 

Tessera/  (L.  tessera,  die,  perhaps  a 
contraction  of  Gr.  rtatrapayiavos,  four- 
cornered)  ;  i.  tally,  pass,  ticket  of 
admission.  2.  die,  among  the  ancient 
Romans,  for  playing  at  dice.  3.  (mil.) 
sign,  mark,  by  which  to  be  recognised. 

*Tesserandol-o  >«.,  -a/!;  =  Tessitor-e,  -a. 

Tesserario  m.  ;  (arcAar.)  soldier  with  the 
Tessera. 


Tess-ere  ind. 
tessuto  (L.  texere,  root  tek,  to  fashion, 
cp.  Gr.  TtKTiav,  carpenter,  it.  Skeat,  sub 
Text)  ;  to  weave.  Aff.  -ile  textile,  -it6re, 
-itdra. 

Tessitura/;  i.  weaving.  2.  texture. 
3.  =Sessitura,  flounce. 

•  Tessoria  _f.  ;  linen-draper's  shop. 

Tessuto  ;  i.  part.  Tessere.  2.  as 
sb.,  tissue. 

Testa  /  (L.  testa,  pot,  cp.  supra, 
Teschio);  i.  head;  for  the  distinction 
from  Capo,  v.  Capo  (i).  2.  —  quadra, 
strong  head,  clever.  3.  —  secca,  ob- 
stinate disposition.  4.  Di  su'  —  ,  of 
one's  own  head,  according  to  one's  own 
ideas.  5.-  —,tetcatcte.  6.  Far  la 
—  ,  to  cut  the  head  off;  Far  la  —  in  una 
cosa,  to  muddle  one's  head  over  it  by 
thinking  too  long.  7.  Non  saper  dove 
uno  abbia  la  —  ,  to  be  no  good  for  any- 
thing. 8.  shell,  of  molluscs.  9.  —  ,  or 
Zucchero  —  ,  brown  sugar.  10.  —  di 
moro,  (a)  a  small  dark  Dutch  cheese, 
(b)  (mar.)  cap  of  a  mast.  1  1.  —  d'  oro, 
wrasse  (fish),  Crenilabrus  tinea,  also 
termed  Donzella  d'  oro. 

Testabile  ;  (leg.)  capable  of  being 
left  by  will. 

Testaccia/  ;  pegg.  Testa,  numskull. 

*Testaccio  m.  ;  thing  made  of  potsherds. 

Testaceo;  (mollusc)  furnished  with 
a  shell. 

Testagnolo  ;  (hoop)  encircling  the 
end  of  a  cask. 

Testaio  m.  ;  seller  of  lambs'  heads, 
tripe  and  the  like,  cp.  Frattagliaio. 

Testaibla  /  ;  =  Arnese  fatto  di  tre 
ferri  verticali  per  reggere  i  testi  acca- 
tastati  nel  fare  i  necci,  apparatus  for 
baking  chestnut-flour  cakes. 


TESTAIOLO— TIGRE 


623 


tTestaidlp  m.  ;  =  Sorta  di  regolo  per  calettare  la 
cima  dei  tavolini. 

Testament-ario,  -o ;  as  E.  (L.,  <  testis, 
witness.) 

Testard-o  ;  obstinate.     Aff.  -accio 
-aggine. 

Etym.  It.  testa,  with  Germanic  suffix  -ard,  v. 
ardo  supra  in  loco,  cp.  Fr.  tetard;  also,  with  altered 
suffix,  Span,  testarudo,  obstinate. 

Testare     ind.    testo     (L.     teslari, 

<  testis) ;   to  will.     *to  testify. 

*  Testareccio ;  earthenware. 
tTestaredda;  v.  Sairide. 

Testate/  (A)  (It.  testa);  i.  butt- 
end.  2.  either  end  of  a  sofa.  3.  (print.) 
heading  of  a  page,  or  the  title  of  a  book 
in  the  frontispiece.  4.  border  of  a  field. 
5.  blow  given  with  the  head. 

(B)  (It.  testo,  A);  Una  —  di  necci, 
the  chestnuts  baked  at  one  time  on  the 
Testo. 

Testatico  m. ;  poll-tax. 

Test-at6re,  -atrice;  as  E. 

Teste  (contr.  of  Testeso) ;  lately. 

*i.  now,  D.  Inf.  6.  60.     ii.  in  the  near  future. 

*  Testereccio ;  =  Testardo,  obstinate. 

*  Testeso  (L.   ante  ist*  ipsunt;   for  the  loss  of 
initial  syllable  cp.  fante<i«/rt»j,  bilico  <  umbilicus); 
=  Teste,  now,  lately,  or  soon. 

Testiccibla  / ;  lamb  or  kid's  head 
fried  in  oil. 

Testicol-are  ;•  i.  adj.,  v.  -o.  2.  adj.  or  sb., 
=  (Uva)  galletta. 

Testicolo  >«.(!..,  dim.  of  testis,  akin  to  testum, 
v.  Testo);  i.  as  E.  3.  (bot.)  —  di  cane,  Orchis 
mascula. 

Testiera/ ;  i.  head-stall  of  a  horse. 

2.  figure-head  for  showing  head-dresses. 

3.  (hist.)  head-armour. 

Testifi-care  ind.  testifico  -chi ;  to  testify. 
Testimdn-e    m.   (L.    testimonium,    evidence, 

<  testis,  witness,  with  suffixes  man-,  -w.'  Testis  com- 
pares with  Oscan  trstus,  witnesses,  tristaamentnd, 
will,  so  that  the  original  form  xvas  **  tristo,  akin  to 
Irish  tress,  the   third   man,  possibly  decomposable 
into  •*  tri-sto,  standing  as   third  party,  v.   Walde, 
sub  Testis);    witness.     Aff.   -iale   adj.,  -anza,  -iare 
vb.,  -io  i.a.  -e. 

Testina/^;  dim.  ztezz.  or  spreg.  of  Testa. 
Testino  m. ;  (print.)  "brevier"  type,  v.  Carat- 
tere  (3). 

Testo  m.  (A)  (L.  testum,  var.  of 
testa,  pot,  v.  Teschio) ;  i.  earthenware 
pot-lid.  2.  flat  terra-cotta  disc  for 
making  Necci,  chestnut  cakes. 

•i.  flower-pot,     ii.  =Coccio,  cracked  pot. 

(B)  (L.  textum,  <  lexere,  to  weave, 
root  tek,  to  fashion,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Text) ; 
i.  text.  2.  (Libri)  di — ,  authoritative ; 
Far  — ,  to  be  authoritative.  3.  (print.) 
a  large  size  of  type.  4.  —  canonico, 
the  Papal  decretals.  5.  (leg.)  the  term 
is  applied  to  all  the  books  of  Roman 
law,  the  Institutions,  the  Pandects, 
etc. 

*  Testola  / ;  =  *  Testo,  pot. 

Testolina  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  or  iron,  of  Testa. 
Teston-cino  m.\  dim.  of -e,  the  coin. 

Test-6ne  m. ;  I .  augm.  of  -a.  2.  fig. 
=  Zuccone,  obstinate  fellow.  3.  hammer- 
headed  shark,  v.  Sfirna.  4.  a  coin  worth 
about  thirty-four  soldi,  so  called  after 
the  large  head  of  Cosimo  I. 

Aff.  -onaccio  -onaccia  pegqs. 

*  Testore  m. ;  i.  weaver,     ii.  author. 

Testual-e ;  textual.    Aff.  -mente. 

Testucchiaia  f.;  place  full  of  maple-trees. 
Testucchio  m. ;  (hot.)  maple,  v.  Accro. 
Temtuccia/.;  dim.  tpreg.  Testa. 


Testiiggine  (Testudine)/  (L.  testu- 
do, <  testa,  shell);  i.  tortoise,  turtle. 
2.  (mil.)  protection  of  interlocked 
shields,  testudo.  3.  the  constellation 
Lyra. 

Testura  /  ;  (poet.)  =  Tessitura, 
structure. 

Teta  m. ;   the  Gr.  theta,  6. 

Tetan-o  m.  (L. ,  <  Gr. ,  <  reiVw,  to  stretch,  v. 
Tendere) ;  (med.)  tetanus.  Aff.  -ico. 

Teti  f.;  (myth.)  Thetis,  the  sea-goddess. 

Tetracbrdo  in.  ',  (inits.)  i.  a  series  of  four 
sounds  forming  a  scale  of  two  tones  and  a  half. 
2.  letrachord,  four-stringed  instrument. 

Tetraedr-o  m.  (Gr.);  tetrahedron,  pyramid  on 
a  triangular  base.  Aff.  -ico. 

Tetragginey^;  gloom,  v.  Tetro. 

Tetragon  ismo  m. ;  squaring  the  circle. 

Tetragon-o;  four-sided.     Aff.  -ico. 

Tetralogia  f,\  as  E.,  series  of  four  plays. 

Tetrametro  m.  (Gr.) ;  verse  of  four  feet. 

Tetraoddnte  m.;  toad-fish,  Tetraodon hispidus, 
locally  termed  Pesce  colomba,  Pesce  palombo, 
Maringianu. 

Tetrarc-a  m.  (Gr.);  tetrarch,  originally  ruler 
of  one  of  the  four  divisions  of  Thessaly.  Aff.  -ato 
rulership  of  a  tetrarch,  -hia  his  province. 

Tetrastico  m.  (Gr.,  <  «rpa-,  four, 
ori'^or,  verse,  v.  Distico) ;  stanza  of  four 
verses. 

Tetrastilo  m.  (Gr.  1-07x1- H-orCAos-, 
pillar);  edifice  with  four  pillars  in  front. 

Tetric-o ; = Tetro,  gloomy.   Aff.  -ita. 

Tetro  (L.  teter,  akin  to  taedium) ; 
gloomy. 

Tetta  f.  (a  word  common  to  all  the  Romance 
languages  as  well  as  the  Celtic  and  Teutonic,  t>. 
Skeat,  sub  Teat ;  it  was  introduced  into  Italian  out 
of  Germanic  sources  as  appears  by  the  cognate  form 
Zizza,  <  M.H.G.  zitze)  ;  scherz.  /or  Poppa,  teat. 

Tettaiolo  ;  Topo  — ,  rat,  v.  Topo  (7). 

Tettare  ind.  tetto ;  scherz.  for  Poppare. 

Tettarello  m. ;  dim.  Tetto. 

Title,  Titti  m.;  child's  word  for  dog. 

Tettiera/.  ;  =  Teiera,  teapot. 

Te'tto  ;«.  (L.  teclum, part,  of  tegere; 
root  steg,  to  cover,  cp.  Gr.  rrriyto,  A.S. 
thcec  >  E.  thatch  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tegu- 
ment) ;  i.  roof.  2.  —  morto,  space 
beneath  the  floor.  3.  Finestra  sul  — , 
v.  Finestra  (3).  4.  II  --  e  basso, 
v.  Basso  (22).  5.  at  Pallone,  the  ser- 
vice side,  v.  Battuta  (6) ;  also  the  game 
played  by  the  server  ;  Ha  vinto  quattro 
tetti,  he  has  won  four  strokes. 

Tett6i-a/;  shed,  penthouse.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg.,  -uccia  dim. 

*TettoIa  f.\    i.    — ,   or  tTettora,    dim,   Tetta. 
ii.    the  chin  appendage  of  a  she-goat. 
tTettolo,  Tettoro  m. ;  =  Tetta. 

Tettuccio  m. ;  dim.  Tetto. 

Teurg-ia  f.;  a  form  of  magic  in  which  the 
assistance  of  the  gods  was  obtained.  Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Teut6nica  f.;  (herald.)  cross  patonce  (v.  Pa- 
tente)  slightly  hollowed  at  the  extremities  and  with 
the  lower  vertical  arm  rather  larger  than  the  others. 

Teut6nico  (Gothic  thiuda,  v.  Tedesco);  as  E. 

Tevere  m.;  (geogr.)  the  river  Tiber. 

The ;  v.  Tc. 

Thera  m. ;  wine  from  the  island  of  Santorin  in 
the  Greek  archipelago. 

Tialismo,  Tielismo  m. ;  (med.)  ptyalism. 

Tiara/t  (L.,<Gr.,  of  Persian  origin);  as  E. 

Tiaso  m.  (Gr.);  troop  of  Bacchic  dancers. 

Tibet  m.\  a  kind  of  woollen  cloth. 

Tibia  f.  (L.);  i.  (aiiat.)  shin-bone.  2.  (mus.) 
pipe. 

Tibiale  m. ;  =  Schiniere,  greave.  As  adj., 
(anat.)  as  K. 

*Tibiare  ;  to  tread  out  corn. 

Tibicin-e  m.,  -&f.',  player  on  the  pipe. 

Tiburi  fit.;  pop.  forTilburi,  gig. 

Tiburtino;  belonging  to  the  Tiber. 

Tic,  Ticche  m.  ;  i.  the  sound  of  ticking. 
2.  facial  neuralgia  ;  in  this  sense  it  is  the  Fr.  tic 
douloureux,  v.  Ticchio  (A), 


Ticchio  m.  (A)  (cogn.  Fr.  tic,  twitch- 
ing, of  Germanic  origin,  cp.  Low  Germ. 
tukken,  to  twitch,  M.H.G.  luc,  a  quick 
movement,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Tic, 
Tick  no.  4,  Tickle);  i.  whim.  2.  (vet.) 
a  sort  of  convulsive  affection,  esp.  in 
horses. 

*(B)(var.  of  Tecca);  flaw  in  marble. 

Ticchiolato (It.  ticchio,  B);  speckled. 

Tielismo ;  v.  Tialismo. 

Tiemo  m.  (contr.  and  corr.  of  L.  tegumen,  v. 
Tegame);  cabin  of  a  half-decked  barge  (strictly  the 
roof  thereof). 

•Tientammente  m.;  (=tien  ti  a  mente) scherz. 
a  blow  by  way  of  reminder. 

Tientibene  m.  ;  hand-rope  on  a 
ladder  or  stairway. 

Tiepid-o,  Tepid-o  (L.  tepidus,  root 
tep,  to  glow,  cp.  Sanskr.  tap,  to  be  warm, 
Russian  topite,  to  heat,  Irish  te,  hot); 
tepid. 

Aff.  -amrfnte,  -etto  or  -mo  dim.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.,  -ezza,  -ita. 

•Tiera/  (perhaps  for  **Stiera,  var.  of  Schiera); 

1.  row,  line.     ii.  =  Piccia  (di  pane),  string  of  rolls. 
*Tifo  ;    for    Tifeo,    Typheus,    the    giant    buried 

under  Mount  Aetna. 

Tif-o  m.  (L.,<Gr.  TV^OS,  smoke,  mist,  also 
stupor,  esp.  if  arising  from  fe%er,  <  rvfatv,  to  smoke, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Thyme,  Dust);  i.  typhus  fever. 

2.  scherz.  spreg.  or  iron,  for  Tipo.     Essere  un  ccrto 
— ,  to  be  a  funny  specimen.     Aff.  -bide  or  -oideo. 

*Tifolo  m.;  shrill  cry. 

Tif6n-e  m. ;  typhoon,  hurricane.     Aff.  -ico. 
Elym.      Arabic     tufdn,    storm,  <  Gr.    rv^nav, 
whirlwind,  akin  to  rij^os,  v.  Tifo.     The  resemblance 
of  the  word  to  Chinese  ta/ung,  storm,  seems  merely 
accidental,  t'.  Skeat,  sttb  Typhoon. 

tTiglia  /;    i.  =Tiglio,   lime-tree,     ii.  =Canapa 
pettinata,  combed  flax.     *iii.  =  Castagna. 

Tigliata  /  ;  boiled  chestnuts,  with 
neither  the  husk  nor  the  woody  shell, 
but  with  the  inner  skin,  Tiglio. 

Tigli-0  m.  (L.  tilia,  lime-tree,  also 
its  inner  bark)  ;  I.  (hot.)  lime-tree. 
Species :  (a)  -  -  bianco,  silver-leaved 
lime,  Tilia  argentea,  (b)  —  comune, 
common  line,  Tilia  Europaea,  also 
termed  Albero  di  Linneo,  (c)  —  ameri- 
cano,  American  bass  wood,  Tilia glabra. 
2.  bast  or  bass,  the  inner  bark  of  the 
lime  tree,  or  other  similar  fibre.  3.  — 
drastico,  croton  oil  tree,  Croton  tiglium, 
also  termed  Albero  da  olio  di  Croton, 
Legno  moluccano.  4.  fibre  of  meat. 
5.  vein  in  stones.  Aff.  -6so. 

Tigna/  (L.  tinea,  moth);  i.  ring- 
worm  or  other  eruption  on  the  head. 
2.  Grattar  la  — ,  iron,  to  beat.  3.  at 
cards,  bad  luck.  4.  miserly  person. 

*Aver  la  — ,  to  be  in  a  rage. 
Tignamica/  (prob.<*  corrupted  form  **Ti- 
gname,  of  Timiama.^.zO;  (bot.) cudweed,  v.  Stecade. 
Tignamichino  m. ;   (bot.)  an  everlasting,  v. 
Erba  (73). 

Tignamicone  in.;  (tot.)  rock-rose,  v.  Imbren- 
tina. 

*Tignare;=Imignare,  to  be  moth-eaten. 

Tignazio;  San  — ,  (scherz.  for  Sant'  Ignazio) 
scabby  fellow. 

t  Tignere ;  =  Tingere. 

Tign-61a,  -u61a  /  (dim.  Tigna); 
clothes-moth,  book-worm,  or  other  such 
destructive  insect,  v.  Farfallino  (i). 

Tigndso ;  i.  scabby,  -v.  Tigna. 
2.  moth-eaten. 

Tigrato;  brindled. 

Tigr-e./,  sometimes  »/.,  with  //.  tigr-i  or  pop. 
•e  (L.,<Gr.,  of  Oriental  origin,  cp.  Zend  tighri, 
arrow,  <  Zend  tigkra,  sharp,  akin  to  Gr.  <rrt£ta,  = 
u),  to  prick,  root  steig,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tiger) ; 


624 

as  E.  Aff.  -esco,  -ina  dim.,  -one  -ona  augms., 
•6tto  young  tiger. 

Tilburi  m.  (E.);  tilbury,  gig. 

Tilda/  (Span,  tilde,  <L.  titulus);  tilde,  the 
mark  in  Spanish  placed  over  an  »  where  there  is  a 
y  sound. 

Timball-o  m.  (Arabic  al-tabl,  of  Per- 
sian origin,  altered  under  the  influence 
of  Timpano);  kettle-drum.  Aff.  -ista. 

Timbr-a/,  -o  m.  (Gr.) ;  (&>/.)  Thymbra. 

Timbrare;  i.  to  stamp.  -2.  (herald.) 
to  place  helmets,  caps,  or  other  head- 
gear on  the  shield. 

Timbreo  ;  epithet  of  Apollo,  from 
Thymbra  in  the  Troad. 

Timbro  m.  (Fr.,  <blt.  ** tymbanum 
=  L. tympanum,  v. Timpano);  i.  =  Bollo, 
stamp.  2.  (mus.)  v.  Tempera  (3). 

Timelea  /;  (tot.)  i.  widow-wail,  Cneorum 
tricoccum.  2.  —  odorosa,  trailing  daphne,  v. 
Laureola  (2). 

•Timiama  m.  or/  (Gr.  9i>nia|ia);  incense, 

Timid-o(L.,<timere,  tofear);  as  E.  •formid- 
able. Aff.  -amente,  -etto  dim.,  -ezza,  -ita. 

Timo  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  v.  Skeat,  tut  Thyme, 
Thurible);  i.  (tot.)  (a)  —  salvatico,  (a)  wild  thyme, 
Tkymus  serpyllum,  also  termed  Pepolino  salvatico, 
Serpillo,  (/3)  basil  thyme,  Tkymus  acinos;  (b)  - 
coltivato,  garden  thyme,  Thymui  vulgaris,  also 
termed  Pepolino;  (c)  —  de'  gatti,  cat's  thyme,  v. 
F.rba  (53,  a).  2.  (anal.)  thymus  gland ;  in  a  calf, 
the  sweetbread. 

Timolo  m.;  (chem.)  thymol. 

Tim6n-e  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  and  Span. 
timon,  <  L.  temo,  waggon-pole  or  shaft, 
which  \sprob.  for  **teks-mo  and  akin  to 
O.H.G.  dihsala,  >  Germ.  Deichsel)  ; 

1.  rudder.    2.  shaft  or  pole  of  a  waggon. 
3.  =  Manubrio,  handle-bar  of  a  bicycle. 
Aff.  -cello  dim.,  -eggiare  to  steer. 

Timonell-a /  ;  i.  four-wheeled  gig. 

2.  Esser  come  le  -e  de'  dottori,  to  be 
blind  of  one  eye,  doctors'  gigs  having 
been    provided   with    only   one    lamp. 

3.  (artill.)  two  beams  united   by  one 
cross-piece  between  which  the  horse  is 
harnessed. 


Timoniera  /;  (mar.)  i.  steerer's  cabin. 
2.  rudder-seat  in  a  boat. 

Timoniere  m.  ;  (mar.)  steersman. 

Timorato ;  standing  in  the  fear  of  God. 

Tim6r-e  m.  (L.);  fear,  fright.  Aff.  -<Stto,  -ino 
dims. 

Timor6s-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -etto  dim. 

Timpanista  m.;  player  on  the  timbrel. 

Timpano  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  Tv^navov, 
<TU7r-,  base  of,  TUTTTW,  to  strike,  v. 
Tipo) ;  i.  timbrel.  2.  the  lowest  register 
of  an  organ.  3.  drum  of  the  ear. 

4.  ear-trumpet,    artificial    tympanum. 

5.  (arch.)  spandrel,  the  triangular  space 
between  sloping  and  horizontal  cornices 
or  in  the  corners  or  sides  of  an  arch. 

6.  (hydr.)   tympanum,  a  water-raising 
current  wheel,  originally  drum-shaped. 

7.  drum  of  a  printing-press. 

•i.  (anat.)  peritoneum,     ii.  =  Mezzule. 

•  Tina /:  =  Tino,  tub. 

Tin-accio  m.\  pegg.  of-o.    -aia/;  vat-room. 

Tinc-a  /.  (L.) ;  tench,  Tinea  vul- 
garis,  locally  termed  Tenca,  Scuffione, 
Tenchia.  Non  dare  ne  in  -he  ne  in 
ceci,  to  come  to  no  conclusion. 

•  Tincionare  ;  =Tenzonare,  to  quarrel. 
Tincdne   m. ;  pop.   for  Bubone,  bubo  m  the 

groin. 

Tinc-uccia/;  dim.  spreg.  of -a. 

Tin-ello  m. ;  i.  dim.  of  -o,  tub. 
2.  servants' hall.  Aff.  -ella  =  -ello,  -el- 
le'tto  -ellino  -ellina  dims. 


TILBURI— TIRARE 

Ting-ere  ind.  tin-go,  per/,  -si,  part. 
-to  (L.,  root  teng,  cp.  Gr.  riyyia,  to 
moisten  ;  O.H.G.  thunkon,  to  steep  ; 
Irish  tummaim,  I  dip);  i.  to  dye. 
2.  =  I mbiancare,  to  whitewash.  3.  =In- 
cerare,  to  polish  boots.  4.  Acqua  tinta, 
i.e.  weak  wine  and  water.  Aff.  -itura. 

Tinn-ire  ind.  -isco ;  poet,  for  Squil- 
lare,  Sonare. 

Tin-O  m.,  with /to/.//./  tina.  I.  vat 
where  wine  is  placed  to  ferment;  —  a 
muro,  cistern  for  fermentation  built  in 
brick.  2.  dyer's  vat.  Aff.  -6ne  augm. 

Etym.  Late  L.  tiua,  vat,  considered  to  be  a 
Celtic  word  akin  to  E.  tun,  cp.  old  Irish  totin,  a 
skin,  the  original  sense  having  been,  on  this  theory, 
wine-skin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Ton. 

Tin6zz-a/  (dim.  Tino);  i.  bathing 
tub.  2.  bucket.  Aff.  -accia  pegg., 
-ina  dim.,  -6na  or  -one  augms. 

Tint-a  /;  i.  tint,  dye.  2.  fig. 
tinge,  smattering.  3.  --  d'  aliante,  a 
variety  of  brown  grape.  Aff.  -eg- 
giare  vb. 

Tint!  m.;  (oinit/i.)  a  species  of  warbler,  Sylvia 
cisticola. 

•Tintilano  m.;  a  kind  of  fine  cloth. 

Tintin;  tinkle-tinkle. 
•Tintinnabolo  m.;  bell. 

Tintinn-are,  -ire  (Tentennare) ;  to 
tinkle.  Aff.  -10,  -o. 

Tintint6;  ding-dong-bell. 
Tinto ;  part.  Tingere. 

Tint-6re  m. ;  dyer. 

Tint-oria/;  i.  dyer's  shop.  2.  art 
of  dyeing.  Aff.  -6rio. 

Tintura  /.  ;  i.  dyeing.  2.  tint. 
3.  tincture. 

Tinuccio  >«. ;  dim.  spreg.  Tino. 

Tiorb-a/;  (mus.)  theorbo,  a  large  lute  with 
two  necks  one  above  the  other,  formerly  used  for  the 
bass;  named  after  its  inventor.  Aff.  -ista. 

Tipa /.;  (bat.)  reed-mace,  v.  Sala  (C,  c). 
fTipizz-arsi,  -irsi  ;=  Stare  a  tu  per  tu,  v.  Tu. 

Tip-0  m. ;   type.     Aff.  -ico. 

Etym.  L.,<Gr.  TVITOI,  blow,  base  TVIT,  as  in 
TviTTu-  the  root  is  steu,  to  strike,  which  was  de- 
veloped both  into  steup,  cp.  Gr.  m+rt&l,  to  shove 
L  stuprum,  stupere  (v  supra,  Stuprare,  Stupido), 
and  into  steud,  >  L.  tundtre  with  intrusive  «  and 
loss  of  initial  s  ;  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  1  ype. 

Tipograf-ia/.;  i.  art  of  printing.  2.  printing- 
works.  ^^  -icamente,  -ico,  -o. 

•Tipofe  /«. ;  i.  =Tepore.  n.  fig.  warmth  of 
expression. 

Tipula/  (L.);  daddy-long-legs. 

Tira/;  i.  Far  la  — ,  of  wine,  to 
begin  fermenting.  2.  disputing ;  Fare 
a ,  to  have  a  vigorous  dispute. 

Tira-bosci6,  -busci6  m.  (Fr.  tire- 
bouchon) ;  corkscrew. 

Tirabrace  ;«.  ;  fire-shovel  for  re- 
moving cinders. 

Tiraf6ndi  m.  indecl.;  cooper's  edge-screw. 

Tiraggio  m.  draught  (of  a  furnace). 

Tiralinee  m.  indecl.  ;  drawing-pen, 
bow-pen,  for  ruling  lines  of  a  fineness 
regulated  by  an  adjustment  screw. 

Tiralli ;  the  Tyrol,  D.  Inf.  ai.  63. 
Tiraldrow.;  gold-wire  drawer. 
Tira-mantici  m.  iitdecl.;  organ-blower. 
Tir-ame'nto  m.;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Tiramblla  f.  ;  ferry-rope,  or  any 
rope,  part  of  which  is  taut  and  part 
slack. 

Tirann-a;/  of-o. 


Tirannanzi  m. ;  fupk.  for  Mezzano  d'  amori. 

Tirann-eggiamento;  vbsb.  of-eggiare.  -eg- 
giare ;  to  tyrannise,  -ello ;  dim.  of  -o.  -esca- 
mente;  adv.  -6sco;  sprer.  tyrannical,  -ia ;  as 
E.  -icamente;  adv.  -icida;  slayer  of  tyrants. 
-icidio;  slaughter  of  a  tyrant.  -ico;asE.  -ide; 
despotism. 

Tirann-o  m.  (L. ,  <  Gr.  TVPLVVOS,  from  the 
same  root  as  Sanskr.  turati,  to  hurl  oneself,  tura, 
powerful,  Zend  tara,  lord,  cp.  supra,  Satiro);  tyrant. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg. 

Tirante  m.  ;  i.  (arch,  and  mar.) 
tie-rod,  stay-rod.  2.  -  or  Biella, 
connecting-rod  in  machinery;  —  d'  ac- 
coppiamento,  coupling-rod.  3.  (mar.) 
=  Pescagione,  draught.  4.  (mar.)  — , 
or  Menale,  d'  un  cavo,  hauling  part  of 
a  rope ;  —  d'  un  paranco,  fall,  or  hauling 
part,  of  a  tackle.  5.  as  adj.,  v.  Tirare 

(22). 

Tirap^tto  m.  ;  spokeshave. 

Tirapiedi  m. ;  spreg.  executioner's 
assistant.  Fare  da  — ,  to  render  de- 
grading service. 

Tirapranzi  m. ;  i.q.  Calapranzi,  lift. 

Tir-are  (cogn.  Fr.  tirer,  Span,  tirar, 
mlt.  tirare,  of  unknown  origin);    i.   to 
pull,  to  draw,  to  drag;  —  sul  conto,  to 
take   something   off  the  bill  ;    Essere, 
Tenere  in  — ,  of  a  rope,  to  be,  or  to 
keep  taut ;  II  sangue  -a,  relationship  is 
a  bar  to  impartiality,  we  participate  in 
an  affront  to  a  relative.    2.   to  throw,  to 
fire  (a  shot),  to  deliver  (a  blow).     3.   of 
metals,  to  draw  into  wire  or  hammer  out 
into  thin  sheets ;  similarly  of  pastry,  — 
la  pasta  colla  spianatoia,  to  roll  it  out 
thin.    4.  of  clothes,  to  be  tight ;  Questp 
soprabito  mi  -a  un  po'  sotto  i  bracci, 
this   overcoat    is    rather   tight    for   me 
under  the  arms.     5.   of  wine,  to  clear, 
make    bright  ;     Si    servono    di     gusci 
d'  uovo  per  —   i  vini,  egg-shells   are 
used  for  clearing  wine.     6.    of  a  bill,  to 
amount  to;    Quanto  -a  il  conto?  how 
much  does   the  bill  come  to?      7.    to 
make  a  total ;  -a  la  somma,  quanto  fa? 
cast   up  the  total,   how   much   does   it 
make  ?     8.    to  aim  at,  to  study ;    1  piii 
-ano  alle  ricchezze,  most  people  aim  at 
getting  rich.     9.   to  tend;  —  al  buono, 
to  be  well-disposed ;  (Colore)  che  -a  al 
verde,  inclining  towards  green.     10.   of 
animals,    to    kick,    hence    by    ext.    of 
teachers    or    parents,    to    let    out,    to 
punish  smartly,      n.     of  the  wind,  to 
blow.     12.    (print.)  to  pull  off  (copies) 
from  the  press. 

Phrases:  13.  —  avanti,  (a)  to  pro- 
ceed with  one's  work;  (b)  —  or  refl. 
-arsi  avanti,  to  keep  oneself  going,  pay 
one's  way;  (c)  -arsi  avanti  per,  to  be 
training  for  some  profession  or  business. 
14.  —  da  uno,  to  resemble  him.  15.  - 
di,  to  handle,  e.g.,  a  foil;  -a  di  spada 
che  non  c'  e  1'  uguale,  he  has  no  equal 
in  swordsmanship.  16.  —  diritto,  to  go 
straighten.  17.  —  fuori,  to  register  an 
expression  in  a  dictionary  ;  In  questo 
vocabolario  si  -ano  fuori  i  participi 
sotto  il  verbo,  ...the  participles  are  given 
under  their  verbs.  18.  —  giit,  (a)  to 
drink  at  one  draught;  (b)  to  do  a  piece 
of  writing  or  other  work  in  very  short 
time ;  (f)  -aria  giu  a  uno,  to  call  him  all 


TIRASTIVALI— TOCCARE 


625 


manner  of  names ;  (tf)  -a  giu,  help  your- 
self to  some  more.  19.  —  di  lungo,  to 
pass  by  without  stopping  to  look.  20.  — 
su,  (a)  to  bring  up,  educate ;  (6)  of  book- 
folders,  to  fold  and  arrange  the  sheets ; 
(c)  (print.)  to  set  up  (type) ;  (if)  —  su,  or 
simply  — ,  to  draw,  at  a  lottery; 
(e)  (intr.)  to  go  on  one's  way.  21.  — 
via,  (a)  to  execute  a  work  badly,  hastily  ; 
(b)  to  go  ahead,  i.e.  either  without  any 
delay,  or  without  minding  interruptions 
or  annoyances. 

Pres.part.-axAz:  22.  as  adj.  stringy 
(meat).  23.  as  s6.,  v.  supra,  Tirante,  in 
loco. 

Pass.  part,  -ato :  24.  Mobile  -ato  a 
pulimento,  well  polished  piece  of  furni- 
ture. 25.  Cielo  or  Tempo  -ato,  bright 
but  cold.  26.  (Vino)  -ato,  clear,  bright, 
v.  supra  (5).  27.  plump,  firm  (skin); 
Ha  le  carni  cosi  -ate  che  non  ci  si  da 
un  pizzicotto,  ...so  plump  you  can  hardly 
pinch  it  up.  28.  stingy.  29.  Star  sul 
-ato,  (a)  to  be  unwilling  to  incur  un- 
necessary expense;  (b)  to  stand  upon 
one's  rights,  maintain  them  firmly. 

Tirastivali  m.  indecl. ;  i.q.  Cavasti- 
vali,  boot-jack. 

Tirata/;  i.  pulling,  dragging,  v. 
Tirare.  2.  sequel;  In  una  — ,  without 
stopping.  3.  tirade. 

Tiratappi  >n.  indecl.  ;  Cavatappi, 
corkscrew. 

Tiratesta  ;«. ;  midwifery-forceps. 
Tiratezzayl;  v.  Tirare  (24)  to  (27). 
Tirat-inay^;  dim.  or  iron,  of -a. 

Tirat-f.no ;  dim.  or  iron,  of -o,  stingy. 

Tiratolo  m. ;  I.  fulling  mill.  2.  a 
guy-rope  forming  part  of  a  ropemaker's 
apparatus.  3.  knob  or  other  means  for 
pulling  a  drawer  open,  t  =  Bure,  plough- 
handle. 

Tir-at<5re,  -atura;  visbs.  of -are. 

Tircbi-o  ;  mean,  stingy.    Aff.  -en'a. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  a  variant  of  Terchio,  or 
possibly  a  syncopated  part,  of  a  form  **  tiricchiare, 
<  tirare. 

Tir^lla  /  ;  trace  (of  harness). 
*=Rapporto  (5). 

Tiremmblla  m.  indecl.  (var.  of  Ti- 
ramolla)  ;  thing  which  slackens  and 
gives  way,  v.  Tiramolla. 

Tiribusslo  m. ;  uproar. 

Tirill6n-e  m.,  -a/ ;  do-nothing. 

Tirio;  Tyrian. 

Tiritfcra./ ;  long  tedious  discussion. 

Etym.  ditb.  Perhaps  by  reduplication  <  tirare, 
or<tiera,  q.v.,  or  <  tirare -Hiera. 

Tiritessi  (Tiritosta)  m. ;  people  com- 
ing and  going,  with  an  implication  of 
something  suspicious. 

Tirit6mbola ;  imit.  of  the  noise  of  a 
crash. 

Tiro  m. ;  (A)  I.  vbsb.  of  Tirare,  esp. 
in  sense  of  shot  fired  from  a  gun. 
2.  range  of  a  gun.  3.  -  -  a  segno, 
or  al  bersaglio ;  (a)  target  practice ; 
(b)  practice-ground  for  shooting,  some- 
times termed  simply  — .  4.  Essere 
a  — ,  (a)  to  be  finishing,  to  be  at  the 
end  of  a  job ;  (b)  of  victuals,  to  be 

H. 


sufficiently  cooked.  5.  throw  at  dice, 
bowls  or  the  like,  stroke  at  billiards. 
6.  trick;  Brutto  — ,  dirty  trick.  7.  — 
a  due,  a  quattro,  a  otto,  team  of  that 
number  of  cattle  or  horses;  And6  alle 
Cascine  con  un  —  a  sei,  he  drove  to  the 
Cascine  with  a  six-horse  team.  8.  Ani- 
maleda — ,  draught  animal.  9.  — secco, 
•v.  Secco  (29). 

*  (B)  (Gr.  flrjjiioi'j ;  poisonous  beast.  *  (C) ;  Tyrian 
purple. 

Tiroclnio  m.  (L.);  apprenticeship, 
novitiate. 

Tir6i-de  f.  (Gr.  fvpeos,  shield,  <  Bvpa,  door, 
the  door-shaped,  as  opposed  to  dorri's,  the  round 
shield);  (anatt.)  thyroid  cartilage.  Aff.  -deo. 

Tirolese;  Tyrolese. 
*Tirone  ///.  (L.);  i.  recruit,     a.  tiro,  novice. 

Tironian-o ;  Note  -e,  abbreviated 
writing  in  ancient  times,  from  Tiro,  a 
freedman  who  collected  the  speeches 
of  Cicero. 

Tirreno ;  Tyrrhenian  (sea),  part  of  the  Medi- 
terranean to  the  west  of  Italy ;  Tyrrhenia  was 
another  name  for  Etruria. 

Tirso  m.  (L.  thyrsus,  stalk,  stem,  <  Gr.  Bvpyos, 
stalk,  rod,  thyrsus);  the  Bacchic  thyrsus. 

Tirucchiare  ;  dim.freq.  of  Tirare. 

Tisana/  (L.p/isana,  <  Gr.  ima-ovy  ; 
xptdrj,  barley,  being  understood  ;  <  rn-ur- 
o-u,  to  crush,  akin  to  L.  pinsere,  v. 
Pestare) ;  tisane,  medicated  drink. 

Tis-e,  -i  /  (Gr.  r£#iW) ;  =  Etisia, 
phthisis. 

Tisi-chello  dim.,  -chezza  sb.\  v.  -co. 

Tisic-o;  i.  phthisical.  2.  fig.  scherz. 
of  a  very  narrow  door  or  window,  thin. 
Aff.  -uccio  dim.  spreg.,  -ume  spreg. 
mass  of  consumption. 

Titanico  j  as  E. 

Titanic;  i.  (po€t.)  epithet  of  the  sun,  one  of 
the  names  for  the  Sun-god  having  been  Titan.  2.  as 
sb.,  the  metal  titanium. 

Titill-are  (L.,  akin  to  Gr.  riXXw,  to 
pluck) ;  to  tickle. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atorio,  -azione. 
Tlti-malo,  -maglio  m.  (L.,<Gr.  n*i/|uaAos) ; 
(bot.)  spurge,  v.  Erba  (67). 

Titolaccio  m.;  pegg.  Titolo. 

Titol-are  ;  i.  regular  (holder  of  an 
office),  holding  an  office  in  legal  right. 

2.  (church)  giving  a  title  to  a  cardinal. 

3.  titular,  holding  the  rank  but  not  the 
office  which  the  title  indicates.     4.    as 
sb.,  patron  saint  of  a  church  or  altar. 
5.  as  vb.,  to  call  by  a  bad  name,  but  in 
the  part,  -ato  a  good  name  is  implied, 
•v.  infra. 

Titolato;  titled. 

Titol-O  m.  (L.  fitulus,  superscription 
on  a  tomb);  i.  title.  2.  heading.  3. 
(com.)  —  di  rendita,  bond;  —  nominati- 
vo,  registered  bond  ;  —  al  portatore,  to 
bearer.  4.  fineness  of  the  metal  used 
for  coins  relatively  to  the  amount  of 
alloy.  5.  —  della  seta,  grade  of  silk 
measured  by  the  weight  of  450  metres 
of  fibre  expressed  in  half  decigrammes. 

*i.  inscription,  ii.  surname,  iit.  =Vanto,  right 
to  boast ;  Avere  il  —  d'  esser  bella,  to  be  justly 
proud  of  her  beauty,  iv.  =Capolino,  dot  over  an  /'. 
v.  bar  over  a  word  showing  an  omission  in  its 
spelling,  yi.  tittle,  vii.  Tenere  i  -i  d'  una  cosa, 
to  enjoy  its  emoluments.  Aff.  -e'tto  dim.,  -one 
avgm. 

Titti ;  v.  Tette. 

Titub-are  ind.  tftubo  (L.,  a  redu- 
plicated form  from  the  base  tub,  for 


stub,  a  variant  of  stup,  to  beat,  v.  supra 
Stuprare,  Tipo  ;  lit.  therefore,  "  to  keep 
knocking,"  viz.,  with  the  tongue)  ;  to 
falter.  Aff.  -anza,  -azidne. 

•Titutrendo;  v.  Falalella. 

tTiziezayT;  grey  gurnard,  v.  Capone  (5,  c). 

Tizio  ;  i.  (mythoL)  Tityus,  one  of 
the  Giants  who  for  trying  to  outrage 
Diana  was  hurled  by  Jupiter  into  Tar- 
tarus. 2.  as  an  expression  for  anybody, 
what's  his  name,  often  so  conjoined  with 
Caio  or  Sempronio. 

Tizzo  m. ;  fire-brand. 

Etym.  C^ogn.  Fr.  tison,  Provenc..  tizos.  Span. 
tizo,  <  L.  titio,  burning  brand,  akin  to  Gr.  Ttrw, 
day  (in  Callimachus),  TiTap,  the  Sun-god,  Sanskr. 
titki-sl  lunar  day,  Lith.  tit-nagas,  fire-stone,  flint. 

Tizzonaio  m.  ;  stoke-hole. 

Tizz<5ne  m. ;  attgm.  of  -o. 

Tlaspi  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  *\<£<riri5,  <  ftUco,  to 
crush,  the  seeds  having  been  crushed  and  used  like 
mustard);  (hot.)  penny-cress,  v.  Erba  (148). 

Tmesi  f.  (Gr.  Te'jucu,  to  cut,  aorist  eT/A^7)c); 
(gram.)  tmesis,  division  of  a  compound  word  by 
interposition  of  other  words. 

To";  short  for  Togli,  take,  in  sense 
of  "  Look  here,  Come  !  " 

tToagghia,  Toagliay:;  =  Tovaglia,  cloth. 

Tdccay?;  (A)  silk  tissue  enriched  with  gold  and 
silver. 

Etym.  dub.  Probably <O.H.G.  tuolt  (>Germ. 
Tuck,  cloth),  and  so  akin  to  E.  duck,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Duck  (4). 

t(B);  for  Tacca,  hen  turkey. 

T6cca/  (vbsb.  of  Toccare) ;  i.  in- 
equality in  a  road,  whether  a  hole  or 
a  lump.  2.  fig.  Non  c'  e  tocche,  i.e.  the 
thing  is  sure,  lit.  there  is  nothing  to  get 
hold  of  for  attacking  it. 

'touch-needle,  a  small  bar  or  needle  of  standard 
gold  for  testing  articles  of  the  same  metal,  by  com- 
paring the  streaks  which  they  make  on  a  touch-stone 
with  those  made  by  the  needle. 

Tocc-abile;  v.  -are. 

Toccaferro  m. ;  children's  game,  in  which  safety 
from  capture  is  found  in  touching  a  piece  of  iron. 

Toccaf6ndo  m. ;  a  form  of  Mora  for  three 
players ;  two  play  and  the  winner  plays  the  third. 

Toccai  ;«.;  (geogr.)  Tokay. 

Toccalapis  m.  ;  chalk-holder,  a 
metallic  tube  with  an  adjustment  for 
holding  a  drawing-chalk. 

Toccamano  m. ;  i.  giving  the  hand 
in  pledge.  2.  scherz.  for  Mancia, 
"tip." 

tToccapdma  m. ;  the  same  as  Toccaferro,  with 
trees,  house  corners  or  the  like  serving  instead  of 
iron. 

Tocc-are  ind.  t6cco  t6cchi  (Ger- 
manic, cp.  Low  Germ,  tukken,  O.H.G. 
zucchen  =  Germ,  zucken,  to  twitch, 
middle  Dutch  tocken,  to  touch  ;  these 
correspond  to  an  original  form  **tuk- 
kon,  an  intensive  from  the  weak  grade 
tuh  of  **teuhan,  as  seen  in  Gothic 
iiuhan;  O.H.G.  ziohan  =  Germ.  ziehen, 
cogn.  with  L.  ducere,  to  draw,  root  deuk, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Touch) ;  i.  to  touch.  2.  — 
la  mano,(a)  to  touch  hands  in  plighting 
faith,  (b)  to  bribe.  3.  to  receive  (reward, 
or  punishment,  or  the  price  of  a  sale) ; 
Le  -an  tutte  a  me  quest'  anno,  I  am  hit 
this  year  in  every  direction.  4.  to  touch 
(a  horse)  up  with  the  whip.  5.  in  bird- 
catching  with  a  net,  to  display  the  lure. 
6.  -arcisi,  to  touch  the  bottom  with 
one's  feet  while  keeping  the  head  above 
water.  7.  Essere  a  -a  e  non  -a,  to  be 
very  near,  either  in  time  or  place.  8.  to 
belong  to,  to  be  the  duty  or  business  of. 

79 


626 


TOCCATA— TONDEGGI  ARE 


9.  —  la  volta  ad  uno,  to  be  his  turn ; 
A  chi  -a?  whose  turn  is  it?  10.  Pare 
che  non  -hi  a  lui,  it  does  not  seem  like 
his,  said  either  of  one  who  is  indifferent 
where  he  should  be  interested  or  of  one 
who  does  a  difficult  thing  with  great 
readiness,  n.  -a  e  Sana,  or  Balsamo 
della  Maddalena,  panacea,  marvellous 
medicine.  12.  —  la  coda  a  una  cosa, 
to  find  it  dear;  Guarda  che  begli  og- 
getti  in  quella  bottega,  va  per6  a  -argli 
la  coda,  look  what  nice  things  there  are 
in  that  shop,  but  then  what  a  price  they 
are  ! 

Toccata/  ;  i.  v.  Toccare.  2.  (mus.) 
prelude. 

Toccat-ina  f. ;  dim.  of  -a.  -6re  tn, ;  v. 
Toccare. 

Toccheggiare  ind.  tocch^ggio ;  to 
toll  (a  bell),  -v.  Tocco. 

Tocch-etto,  -ino;  dim.,  dim.  veit.,  of  Tocco. 

Tbccio  m.  (for  **torcio,  v.  Torcia); 
=  Ritorto,  spun  yarn  of  poor  quality. 

Tocci6na/ ;  girl  who  spins  Toccio. 

T6cco  m. ;  I.  lump,  hunch,  hunk; 
Che  bel  —  di  ragazza,  what  a  fine  big 
girl ;  —  di  paga,  handsome  salary. 
2.  toque,  a  form  of  hat  or  cap  worn  in 
the  loth  century,  also  a  modern  close- 
fitting  hat  for  women,  without  a  wide 
brim. 

Etym.  Httkn.,  perhaps  from  distinct  sources  in 
the  two  meanings.  As  "  lump  "  it  seems  cognate  to 
Span,  tocon,  stump,  which  may  be  by  aphneresis 
from  Span,  stocco,  —  Germ.  Stock,  v.  supra,  Stocco. 
As  "toque"  it  may  be  either  of  Celtic  origin,  cp. 
Welsh  toe,  cap  (a  word  which  is  also  Breton,  where 
however  it  may  very  well  have  been  borrowed  from 
French  toque),  or  else  Germanic,  v.  Tocca. 

T6cco  m, ;  i.  (vbsb.  of  Toccare); 
touch  ;  —  in  penna,  pen  and  ink  draw- 
ing. 2.  stroke,  of  a  bell  or  striking 
clock  or  door-knocker.  3.  one  o'clock, 
this  being  the  time  indicated  by  one 
stroke ;  Al  —  e  mezzo,  at  half-past  one. 
4.  Prendere  il  — ,  to  take  a  line  in  a 
marine  insurance  policy.  5.  Essere  a 
—  e  non  — ,  the  same  as  A  tocca  e  non 
tocca,  v.  Toccare  (7)  ;  similarly,  A 
tocco  e  rintocco.  6.  —  d'  accidente, 
apoplectic  stroke.  7.  Fare  al  — ,  v. 
Conto  (10).  8.  as  adj.,  a  syncopation  of 
Toccato,  touched,  moved  to  sympathy. 

*i.  Fare  il — ,  —  Fare  il  saggio,  to  test.  ii.  pointer 
used  in  teaching  children  to  read.  iii.  rule  of  court 
prescribing  the  time  within  which  a  judgment  debt 
was  to  be  paid.  iy.  =  Bastone,  stick,  tv.  Esser  in, 
or  a,  tocchi,  to  be  in  a  very  bad  way. 

*  Toccolare ;  to  knock  at  the  door. 

Toccdne  in. ;  person  who  will  touch 
everything  he  sees. 

T6ddi  m.  (Hindustani  tart,  <  far, 
palm-tree) ;  palm  wine. 

Todfno ;  of  Todi,  near  Perugia.  II 
— ,  i.e.  Jacopone,  one  of  the  companions 
of  St  Francis  and  among  the  earliest 
writers  of  Italian. 

Toelett-e  or  pop.  -a/  (Fr.  toilette, 
<  toile,  cloth,  v.  Tela) ;  i.  toilet-table. 
2.  dressing-room.  Aff.  -ma  dim. 

tTofizzolo  m. ;  crumpled  object,  cp.  Attofizzo- 
lare. 

*Tofo  w.;  =  Tufo,  tufa  stone. 

Tbga/.  (L.,  akin  to  tegere,  to  cover) ; 
i .  the  ancient  toga.  2.  professorial  gown. 


Togat-0  ;  i.  dressed  in  a  toga  ;  Corn- 
media  -a,  play  dealing  with  Roman  life  ; 
Milizia  -a,  the  magistracy. 

T6gli-ere  or  T6rre  ind.  tolgo  togli 
t6glie  togliamo  toglidte  tolgono,  perf. 
t61si  togliesti  tolse  toglie'mmo  toglidste 
t61sero,  fut.  toglier6  or  torr6,  subj. 
t61ga  togliamo  togliate  tolgano,  imper. 
togli  or  to',  parts,  togliente  t61to  (bit. 
tolliere,  <  L.  tollere,  root  tel,  to  bear, 
cp.  L.  tolerare,  Gr.  raXar,  enduring, 
A.S.  tholian,  to  endure,  >  E.  thole, 
O.H.G.  dolen,  >  Germ.  Geduld,  pa- 
tience, v.  Skeat,  sub  Thole,  Tolerate)  ; 
i.  to  take  away.  2.  to  seize;  II  nial 
tolto,  ill-gotten  gains.  3.  to  deter. 
4.  --  d'  addosso,  to  get  rid  of;  -ersi 
dai  piedi,  to  pack  off.  5.  —  la  parola, 
to  prohibit  from  speaking;  —  il  saluto, 
to  discontinue  saluting.  *to  exclude, 
D.  Inf.  13.  61. 


_/;:  =  Lenza,  q.  v. 

T6gno;  short  for  Antonio. 

Togo  (A)  (O.H.G.  tugan  =  Gothic  dugan,  to  be 
serviceable,  cp.  Germ,  t&chtig.  serviceable,  Tugend, 
virtue,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Doughty)  ;  tip-top,  first  class. 

(B);  spreg.  or  sckerz.  for  Toga.  Aff.  Togone 
augnt. 

Toh  !  =  To',  excl.  of  surprise. 

Toilette  ;  v.  Toelette. 

T61da  /  (Span,  toldo,  deck,  prob.  of 
Germanic  origin,  cp.  old  Scand.  tjalld, 
Danish  telt,  Swedish  talt,  Old  Flemish 
telde,  Germ.  Zelt,  tent  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tilt);  (mar.)  deck. 

*  Tolleone  tn.  ;  —  Mazzacavallo,  water-raiser. 
Toller-abile,  -anza,    -are,   -azidne  ;   as  E. 

(For  etym.  v.  Togliere.)  Tolleranza  per  calo  peso, 
no  deduction  (from  the  price)  for  short  weight,  v. 
Calo  (6). 

•Tollero  m.;  =  Tallero,  thaler. 

T&lo  m.  (Gr.  SoAos);  (.arch.)  tholus,  cupola. 

Tolomea  f.  ;  the  traitors'  place  in  D.  Inf. 
33.  124:  the  name  is  probably  from  the  story  of  the 
assassination  of  Simon  the  high  priest  and  his  sons 
by  Ptolemy,  as  told  in  i  Maccabees,  chap.  16. 

Tol6ne  ;  {geogr.')  Toulon,  in  France. 

Tol6sa  ;  (geogr.)  Toulouse,  in  France. 

Tdlsi  ;  perf.  of  Togliere. 

*  Tolta  f.  ',   i.    taking,  seizing,     ii.    selection   for 
an  office      iii.  profit,  gain.     iv.  chosen  companion. 

Tolto;  part,  of  Togliere. 

Tolu  tn.  (named  from  Santiago  de  Tolu,  in 
Columbia);  (pharm.)  tolu  balsam,  from  a  South 
American  plant. 

T6ma/  (either  made  up  to  rhyme 
with  Roma  or  <  Span,  tomar,  to  take)  ; 
Promettere  Roma  e  —  ,  to  make  bound- 
less promises. 

*i.  solitary  place,     ii.  sheltered,  sunny  place. 

Tomaio  m.  ;  (boolm.)  upper  leather 
of  a  boot  or  shoe,  vamp. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  akin  to  Gr.  TI»MOS,  cutting 
or  piece  cut,  TO/AI),  section,  reVf*"*  to  cut.  Diez 
follows  Diefenbach  in  tracing  it  to  modern  Gr. 
TO/iapi,  <  Russian  towar. 

Tomanno  m.;  a  Persian  gold  coin. 

Tomare  ind.  t6mo;  (mar.)  of  the  boom  of  the 
mainsail  of  a  cutter  when  going  before  the  wind,  to 
jibe.  *  i.  to  fall  headlong,  ii.  of  an  animal,  to  fall 
on  its  back,  with  its  legs  in  the  air. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  tumon,  to  move  in  a  whirl,  > 
Germ,  tnmmelti,  to  bustle  about,  v.  Skeat,  su6 
Tumble. 

*Tomasellay^  (dim.  <L.  totiiacina,<Gr.  To^-fj, 
cutting);  (cook.)  a  kind  of  forced-meat  ball. 
tTomatio  (Tomitio)  tn.',  sunny  spot, 

Tombay:  (L.,<Gr.  Tv>/3os,  akin  to  L  tumeo, 
tumulus,  root  ten,  to  swell,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tumid); 
tomb. 

*  i.  underground  store,     ii.  underground  passage. 

Tombacco  m.  (Malay  tambaga,  copper);  tom- 
bac, an  alloy  of  copper  with  zinc  or  arsenic. 
tTombaday;;  v.  Tombata,  depth  of  a  sail. 
*Tombare;   of  the  voice,  to  sound  sepulchral. 
t(war.)=  Mollare. 

Tombata  f.;  (mar.)  vertical  depth  of  a  sail, 
"  drop." 


Tdmbola  /  (vbsb.  of  Tombolare, 
referring  to  the  shaking  up  the  numbers 
in  the  box)  ;  a  kind  of  lottery  game. 
Each  player  has  fifteen  numbers  all 
under  90  and  makes  drawings  out  of  a 
box  containing  all  numbers  from  i  to 
90:  the  first  who  matches  his  original 
fifteen  with  the  numbers  he  draws  is 
the  winner. 

Tombol-are  ind.  t6mbolo  (a  freq. 
form  based  upon  O.H.G.  tflmon  or  one 
of  its  cognates,  v.  supra  Tomare) ;  to 
fall  headlong.  Aff.  -ata. 

Tombol-e'tto,  -fno ;  short,  but  plump 
(girl). 

Tdmbolo  m. ;  \.  i.q.  Capitombolo, 
headlong  fall.  2.  cylindrical  cushion, 
bolster  for  a  sofa,  also  that  used  in 
embroidering. 

Tombol-6ne  m.;  i.  augnt.  of  -a,  the 
last  round,  played  for  a  higher  stake. 
2.  augm.  of  -o,  fall. 

Tombol6tt-o  tn.,  -a  / ;  short  and 
stout  person. 

Toment6so  m.  (coined  from  L. 
tomentum,  stuffing  for  cushions,  root 
leu,  v.  Tutto) ;  (bot.)  covered  with  short, 
stiff  hairs. 

Tometto  m. ;  dim.  Tomo,  small  book. 

Tomist-a  m. ;  follower  of  St  Thomas 
Aquinas.  Aff.  -ico. 

•  Tomitio ;  v.  Tomatio. 
tTdmito  m.',~ Gonfio  nel  vestito. 

Tommaso;  Thomas. 

T6mo  m.  (A)  (L.,  <Gr.,  root  torn, 
second  grade  of  tent,  to  cut,  cp.  L. 
tondeo,  to  shear,  Gr.  Ttpvia,  to  cut) ; 
i.  tome,  volume.  2.  fig,  queer  cus- 
tomer, a  mode  of  expression  developed 
at  the  time  when  few  people  could  read 
and  books  were  regarded  with  some  awe. 

*  (B) ;  vbsb.  of  Tomare. 

tTomolo  m. ;  a  Sicilian  corn  measure. 
Tom6ne  tn. ;  augm.  Tomo  (A). 

T6nac-a/  (var.  of  Tunica) ;  i.  gown 
of  a  monk  or  priest.  2.  Color  di  — , 
reddish  brown.  3.  —  d'  una  statua, 
the  earthen  envelope  put  upon  a  statue 
from  which  a  cast  is  to  be  made. 

Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -ella  dim.,  gown  of  a  nun  or 
of  a  deacon,  -hetta  or  -hino  dims.,  -one  augnt. 
Tonalitay^;  character  of  a  tone. 

Ton-are  ind.  t6no  -i  -a  or  tuono  tuoni 
tuona  tonidmo  tonate  tonano  or  tuonano 
(L.,  akin  to  Gr.  mivtn,  to  groan,  Lith. 
stenu,  to  groan,  O.H.G.  donar,  thunder, 
A.S.  thunor,  thunder ;  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Thunder,  Stun.  Not  from  the  same  root 
as  tone,  v.  Tono) ;  to  thunder.  Tanto  -6 
che  piovve,  i.e.  the  expected  occurrence 
came  at  last.  Aff.  -atore  -atrice. 

T6nchi-0  m.  (for  Tonio,  cp.  Giannino, 
"Johnny,"  for  grub  in  apples);  I.  grub 
in  leguminous  or  other  vegetables,  mite. 
2.  fig.  brat.  3.  horse-fly.  Aff.  -are  vb. 
to  infest,  -oso. 

Tondare  (A) ;  =  Tondeggiare  (2).  *  (B) ;  =  Ton- 
dere,  to  clip. 

•Tondarello;  v.  'Tondo(iv). 

Tondeggi-are  ind.  tonddggio  (It. 
tondo) ;  i.  to  become,  or  be  round. 


TONDELLO— TORBAMENTE 


627 


2.    to  make  round,  to  round  off.     AJf. 
-amento. 

Tondello  m. ;  i.  bundle  of  straw 
twisted  up  and  placed  over  a  pail  to 
prevent  the  water  from  splashing. 

2.  round   billet   of  charcoal.     3.  =  Gi- 
rello,    steak    from    the    back    of    the 
thigh. 

*Tondere  (L.,  v,  Tonsura);  =  Tosare,  to  shear. 
Tond-erello  -ettino  -itto  dims.,  -4zza ;  v.  -a. 

Tondln-0  m. ;  i.  plate.  2.  wicker- 
work  platter  for  putting  under  dishes. 

3.  round  bar  of  iron.    4.  round  picture. 
5.  (arch.}  astragal,  v.  Astragalo  (2). 

T6nd-o  (aphaeresis  of  Rotondo) ; 
I.  round.  2.  — ,  or  —  di  pelo,  stupid; 
Piii  —  dell1  O  di  Giotto,  more  stupid 
than  Giotto's  O  was  round.  3.  com- 
plete ;  Spiattellare  chiaro  e  -  -  una 
cosa,  to  speak  it  out  roundly,  plainly; 
Dugento  napoleon!  -i,  a  clear  two 
hundred  napoleons ;  Son  cinque  mesi 
-i,  it  is  a  full  five  months ;  (print.) 
Quadrato  — ,  exactly  square ;  4.  (sculp.) 
Figure  -e,  in  relief;  Quasi  -e,  in  half 
relief.  5.  Sputar  — ,  to  speak  with 
affected  or  ostentatious  gravity.  6.  Alia 
-a,  or  In  — ,  in  a  circle ;  Corrono  un 
palio  alia  -a,  they  are  racing  round  the 
course ;  Prese  un  bastone  e  fece  alia  -a, 
he  took  a  stick  and  whirled  it  round; 
this  might  also  mean  he  dealt  out  in- 
discriminate blows  with  it  all  around. 
7.  Cappello  — ,  round  hat,  as  op- 
posed to  the  three-cornered  hat  of  a 
priest.  8.  I  quattrini  son  -i,  i.e.  easily 
spent. 

As  sb. :  9.  round  picture.  .  10.  globe. 
II.  plate.  12.  saucer.  i3.  =  Deretano, 
rump. 

*i.  coarse  (fibre),  ii.  of  a  knife,  blunt-edged, 
not  tapering  finely  to  the  edge,  hi  =  Prospero, 
Propizio.  iv.  of  wine,  neither  very  sweet,  nor  very 
dry.  v.  sweeping  blow.  vi.  (mar.)  square-rigged, 
vn.  tour. 

Tonddne;  i.  augm.  Tondo  (2). 
2.  as  sb.,  large  fritter. 

•  Toneggiare  ;  i.  =  Tonarc,  to  thunder,    ii.  =  Ton- 
neggiare. 

*  Tonello  m. ;  a  measure  for  oil. 
•Tonfacchiotto  m.;  short,  stout  person. 

T6nfan-o,  -e  m.  (O.H.G.  tumphilo, 
a  deep  pool,  akin  to  Danish  dial,  dump, 
a  hollow  in  a  field,  Lith.  diibus,  hollow, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Dimple) ;  deep  pool  in  a 
stream. 

Tonfare  ind.  t6nfo  (v.  Tonfo) ;  i.  to 
plunge,  to  fall  with  a  loud  noise.  2.  to 
knock,  to  thump.  3.  Tonfa  !  as  an  inter- 
jection of  annoyance. 

T6nfete,  Tunfete;  imit.  of  the  sound  of  a 
blow  or  fall. 

Tonf-itto  m.;  dim.  Tonfo. 

T6nfo  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  Tonfare.  2.  short, 
stout  person. 

Etym.  Germanic,  but  precise  derivation  un- 
known, v.  Skeat,  sub  Dump,  Thump. 

Tonga;  (tat.)  Fava  — ,  Tonquin  bean,  Dip- 
teryx  odorata. 

T6nica/;  (mtis.)  key-note.     *  =  Tonaca. 
*Tonicato  m.  •  =  Intonaco,  distemper. 

T6nic-o,  -ita;  as  E. 

Tonnara/;  i.  tunny  fishing-ground. 
2.  place  for  pickling  tunnies. 

Tonnarbtto  m. ;  tunny  fisherman. 


Tonneggi-are  ind.  tonndggio  (v. 
Tonnellata  etym.);  (mar.)  i.  to  warp. 
2.  to  shift  the  position  of  a  ship  in 
harbour.  Aff.  -o. 

Tonnellaggio  m.  \  (mar.)  tonnage. 
—  lordo  di  registro,  gross  register.  — 
netto,  nett  register. 

Tonnellata  /  ;  a  metric  ton,  1000 
kilogrammes. 

Etym.  Span,  tonelada,  ton  (weight),  <  toncl, 
cask.  Tpnel  is  also  a  Proven^,  and  old  Fr.  word 
(>  Fr.  tonncau),  dim.  of  old  Fr.  taut  and  Provenc. 
tonna  respectively.  These  go  back  to  iate  L.  tuttna, 
a  cask,  of  Celtic  origin,  cp.  old  Irish  tonn,  a  hide, 
hence  a  wine-skin,  Welsh  tonn,  a  hide,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Ton.  The  meaning  of  "cask"  found  its  way 
into  Italian  as  a  marine  term  in  the  word  Ton- 
neggiare,  lit.  to  warp  a  vessel  up  to  a  Tonna,  cask, 
moored  by  an  anchor. 

Tonnina/;  i.  pickled  tunny.  2.  a 
fish,  Thynnus  thunnina,  locally  termed 
Carcana,  Touna. 

T6nno  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  6<iwos,  lit.  the 
darting  fish,  <  6va>,  to  rush,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Tunny) ;  i.  tunny,  Thynnus  vul- 
garis.  2.  -  alalunga,  scale -breast, 
Thynnus  alalonga,  locally  termed  Ala- 
longa. 3.  -  alacorta,  belted  bonito, 
Thynnus  brachypterus.  4.  —  palamida, 
bonito,  Thynnus  pelamis. 

T6no  m.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr.  roi/or,  root 
ten,  to  stretch,  cp.  L.  tendo;  Gr.  Tfivw, 
Sanskr.  tanami,  to  stretch) ;  i.  tone ; 
Rispondere  in  — ,  to  reply  exactly  to 
the  point;  Tenere  in  — ,  to  keep  in 
order,  within  due  bounds;  Venire  in 
— ,  to  come  appropriately.  2.  (gram.) 
accent,  stress.  3.  (#zw.y.)  =  Chiave,  key. 
(B) ;  -v.  Tuono. 

Tonsill-a/(L.  tonsillae,/.  pi.):  (anal.)  tonsil. 
Aff.  -are  adj. 

•Tonso  (A);  part.  Tondere.  (B)  (L.  tuxsus, 
part,  of  tundert:);  pressed  out. 

Tonsur-a/;  (\..,<tondeo,  to  shear,  root  tern, 
to  cut,  the  m  changing  to  n  on  account  of  the 
following  d) ;  tonsure.  Aff.  -are  vb. 

Tontina  f.  ;  so  named  after  L.  Tonti,  the 
inventor  of  the  system  in  the  i7th  century,  tontine, 
a  joint  annuity,  in  which  the  share  of  every  par- 
ticipant passes  at  death  to  the  survivors. 

Tdnto  (either  for  Tondo  or  else  a 
corr.  of  L.  atlonitus,  lit.  thunder-struck) ; 
stupid. 

•Too  m.  (L.,<Gr.  0o«,  lit.  running  animal,  cp. 
0uw,  to  rush);  an  animal  of  the  wolf  kind,  perhaps 
jackal. 

T6p-a  /,  -accio  pegg.,  -aia  rat's  or 
mouse's  nest ;  v.  -o. 

Topato;  mouse-coloured  (horse). 

Topizio  m.  (L.,<Gr.,  cp.  Sanskr.  tapas,  fire, 
tap,  to  shine) ;  topaz. 

Tdpica/  (L.,  <  Gr.) ;  the  art  of  find- 
ing arguments  to  support  a  probable 
conclusion. 

T&pic-o  (L.,  <  Gr.  TOTrot,  place)  ; 
I.  Locuzione  -a,  rhetorical  expression, 
v.  Topica.  2.  fig.  Uomo  — ,  hermit. 
3.  (surg.)  local.  4.  I  -i,  the  Topics  of 
Aristotle  and  of  Cicero. 

Topinaia/ ;  mouse's  nest. 

Topinambur  m.  (from  the  Brazilian 
native   name    for    the    plant's   original 
habitat);  (&>A)  =  Girasole  tuberoso, Jeru- 
salem artichoke  plant. 
•Topinara/.;=Talpa,  mole. 


Topfno  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Topo,  mouse. 
2.  — ,  or  Topo,  a  variety  of  olive.  3.  in 
pi.  mouse-shaped  dumplings.  4.  (or- 
nith.)  sand-martin,  Hirundo  riparia, 
also  termed  Rondine  riparia  or  delle 
rive,  Balestruccio  selvatico,  Dardanello, 
Moscone. 

T6p-0  m.  (L.  ialpa,  mole) ;  i.  rat  or 
mouse  of  any  species,  see  below  (6)  to 
(15);  L'  arme  de'  cinque  -i,  old  age, 
these  being  the  arms  of  the  Vecchietti 
family.  2.  in//.,  i.q.  Topini,  v.  Topino 
(3)-  3-  (tot.)  (a)  a  species  of  Periploca, 
v.  Apocino  (3) ;  (b)  a  variety  of  olive, 
also  termed  Topino.  4.  glass-cutting 
tool,  v.  Grisatoio.  5.  -i  matti,  fire- 
works. 

Varieties :  6.  —  comune  (it  is  now  a  rare 
animal),  black  rat,  Mus  rattus,  also  termed  Ratto 
comune,  or  nero.  7.  —  da  tetto,  Alexandrian  rat, 
Mus  alexandrinus,  also  termed  Sorcio  tettaiolo. 

8.  —  decumano,  brown  rat,  Mus  dccumanus,  also 
termed    Ratto   decumano    or    da   colmigno,    Ratto 
delle  beccherie,  Sorcio  delle  chiaviche,  Surmulotto. 

9.  —  ^di  casa,  mouse,  Mus  musculus,  also  termed 
Topolino,    Topo    casalino.       10.    —    selvatico,    field 
mouse,  Mus  sylvaticus,  also  termed  Ratto  selvatico, 
Sorcio    burrino,    Sorcio    campagnoto,    Zamparello, 
Zampicarello,  Zomparello.    n.  —  dei  campi,  meadow 
mouse,  A  rvicola  agrestis,  also  termed  —  campagnolo. 
12.    —  di   Faraone,  ichneumon  rat,  Nile  rat,  Her- 
pastes  ichneumon.     13.  —  di  Madagascar,  a  species 
of  lemur.     14.   —  muschiato  dell'  India,  musk  rat, 
Sorex  murinus,  also  termed  Sondeli.     15.  —  ragno, 
or  as  one  word,   Toporagno,  shrew   mouse,  Sorfjc 
vulgaris. 

Topograf-ia,  -icamente,  -ico,  -o ;  as  E. 
Top-oHno  dim.,  -one  attgm.,  of -o. 

Toporagno  m. ;  shrew  mouse,  v. 
Topo  (15). 

Topotesia  f,  (Gr.);   topography  of  imaginary 

places. 

T6ppa  /  (A)  (var.  of  Toppo) ; 
i.  patch,  piece  let  in.  2.  door-lock. 
3.  =  Brachetta,  trouser-flap. 

(B)  (Germ,  iopp,  done,  agreed,  cp. 
Fr.  tope) ;  a  card-game,  lansquenet. 

Topp-accia/i;  pcgg.  of -a. 
•Topp-aiuolo,  -allachiave  m.\  locksmith,  v. 

*Toppare;  =  Rattoppare,  to  patch. 

Topp-ato ;  dappled  ;  v.  -a. 

•Toppe,  Tupp6  m.  (Fr.  toupet,  v. 
Toppo)  ;  a  mode  of  doing  the  hair 
very  high  over  the  forehead. 

T6ppete  (imit.)',  interj.,  pop! 
Topp-ettina    sub-dim.,    -£tta    dim.,    of  -a; 
-6tto  dim.  of -o;  -icina,  -ina,  -ino  dims,  of -a. 

Tbppo,  Tdppolo  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  toupet, 
tuft ;  Germ.  Zopf,  plait  of  hair  <  Ger- 
manic stem  top,  prominent  end,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tuft,  Top)  ;  i.  block  of 
wood,  log.  2.  poppet  of  a  lathe. 

tTopponare  ;  to  pollard  a  tree. 

Topp6n-e  m.  (augm.  Toppa) ;  i.  a 
kind  of  patchwork  draw-sheet  for  a 
child  or  sick  person.  2.  (shoem.) 
=  Pezzo  di  roba  interna  che  regge  il 
dietro  della  scarpa,  stiffening,  t  pol- 
larded tree.  Aff.  -cfno  dim. 

Toppdso  ;  full  of  patches,  v.  Toppa. 
*stutterer. 

Torac-e  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.  «»p«f,  breast-plate); 
(aniit.)  thorax,  chest,  'cuirass.  Aff.  -ico. 

ToraturayC;  (agric.)  service  ofa  bull,  Toro. 

T6rba  /  (O.H.G.  sorta,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Turf) ;  peat. 

*  =Torbida,  flood-water. 
Torb-amente  adv.,  -iccio  dim.;  p.  -o. 

79—2 


628 


TORBIDAMENTE— TORO 


Torbid-amSnte  adv.,  -6tto  or  -ino  dims., 
-&zza  sit.,  -iccio  dim.,  -o  turbid,  -urne  i.q.  -ezza. 

Etym.  L.  turbidus,  <  turba,  throng,  confused 
crowd,  cp.  L.  turbo,  whirlwind,  Gr.  (rvpftrj  =  Attic 
•rvpfirj,  tumult  ;  perhaps  <  root  tuer,  to  twirl,  v, 
Skeat,  sub  Trouble,  Twirl. 

Torbiera/  (It.  torba);  peat-bog. 

T6rbo ;  contr.  of  Torbido. 

Torb6so;  peaty. 

Tbrcere  ind.  tor-co  -ci,  perf.  t6rsi 
torcdsti,  part.  t6rto  (L.  torquere,  root 
terk,  to  twist,  cp.  Gr.  drptKrjs,  exact, 
//'/.  untwisted,  Irish  tore  and  Welsh 
torch,  wreath  ;  Russian  trok',  girth, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Tort);  I.  to  twist.  2.  to 
wring  out.  3.  to  throw  (silk),  to  lay 
(a  rope). 

Torc-ettay:;  dim.  of -ia.  -ettata/;  torch- 
light procession,  -ettino  m. ;  dim.  of  -etto. 

Torce'tto  m.  (dim.  Torcia);  I.  four 
long  wax  candles  conjoined.  2.  Serrame 
a  — ,  window-fastening  consisting  of  an 
iron  bar  equal  in  length  to  the  height 
of  the  window  and  bent  at  each  end  for 
fastening. 

Torchi-accio  pegg.,  -are  vo.,  -atura  vbsf>.\ 
v.  -o. 

Torchietto  in.;  dim.  Torchio.     *  =  Torcetto. 

Tdrchio  m.  (L.  torculum,  <  torquere, 
v.  Torcere) ;  press  (for  oil,  wine,  or 

printing). 

*i.=  Torcia.     ii.  necklace. 

T6rci-a  /  (bit.  tortia,  <  L.  torquere, 
v.  Torcere);  I.  torch.  2.  twisted  roll 
of  bread.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

*Torciare;  =  Attorcere,  to  twist. 
tTorcibudello  m. ;  violent  colic. 

Torcicbllo  m. ;  I.  (ornith.}  wryneck, 
Yunx  torquilla,  also  termed  Capotorto, 
Collotorto,  Girasole,  Storcicollo,  Torto- 
collo,  Verticollo.  2.  crick  in  the  neck. 
3.  fig.  hypocritical  bigot. 

Torciere  m. ;  torch-holder,  cresset. 

*Torci-feccio,  *-fecciolo  ?«.;  wringer  for  the 
wine  lees. 

Torcilabbro ;  v.  Torcinaso. 

Torcimanno  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  trucheman, 
E.  dragoman, <  Arabic  tarjuman,<tar- 
jama,  to  interpret) ;  interpreter. 

Torcim£nto  tn. ;  vbsb.  of  Torcere. 

Torcinaso,  Torcilabbro  m. ;  (vet.) 
twitch. 

Torci6ne  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Torcia. 
2.  =  Fr.  torchon,  kitchen  cloth. 

Torcit6io  m.  ;  I.  silk-throwing  machine. 
2.  {mar.)  turning  fid,  heaver.  —  da  corderia, 
laying-hook. 

Torci-t6re  m.,  -tura  f.\  vbsbs.  of  Torcere. 
-tura  d'  un  cavo,  the  lay,  or  twist,  of  a  rope.  Cavo 
che  ha  troppa  -tura,  short-laid  rope. 

*Torcolare  »«.;  =  Torchio,  press.     Also  as  vt. 

Torcol-e"tto  m. ;  dim.  -o.  -iere  m. ; 
pressman. 

"Torcolo  m.  (L.  torculum,  v.  Torchio);  i.  = 
Torchio.  ii.  =  Focaccia,  flat  bun.  tiii.  =Torcitoio. 

Torcol6tto  m.  •  a  Venetian  "  mask," 
v.  Maschera. 

Tord£La/  (L.  turdela,<  turdus,  v. 
Tordo)  ;  (ornith}  i.  missel-thrush, 
Turdus  viscivorus,  also  termed  Gaz- 
zarro,  Tordella,  Tordescaia,  Tordiccia, 
Tordo  maggiore.  2.  —  gazzina,  field- 
fare, Turdus pilaris,  also  termed  Cesena, 
Tordircia  marina  or  di  montagna,  Tordo 


Tordescaia,  Tordiccia /.;  v.  Tordela  (i). 
Tordigli6ne  in. ;  air  for  an  old  Spanish  dance. 

Tordilio  m. ;  (hot.)  hart  wort,  v.  Om- 
brellino  (2). 

Tordfnayl;  (0r«z'M.)=Prispplone,  tree-lark. 
Tordino  ;  (vet.')  thrush-like,  in  colouring. 

T6rdo  m.  (L.  turdus,  cp.  Lith. 
strazdas,  thrush,  A.S.  throstle,  >  E. 
thrush) ;  i.  (ornith.')  thrush.  2.  fig. 
simpleton,  t —  de  mar,  a  species  of 
wrasse,  v.  Labbro  (B,  e). 

Species:  3.  —  alpigino,  v.  infra  (it).  4.  — 
comune,  the  common  thrush,  Turdus  musicus,  also 
termed  —  bottaccio,  —  gentile,  —  mezzano.  5.  — 
col  collare,  =  Merlo  col  collare,  ring-ousel.  6.  —  gel- 
somino,  =  Re  di  quaglie,  land-rail.  7.  —  maggiore, 
=  Tordela,  missel-thrush.  8.  —  tnarino,  —  Grot- 
taione,  bee-eater.  9.  — tnezzano,^  Tordela  gazzina, 
fieldfare.  10.  —  minore,  —  rosciolo,  v.  infra  (12). 

11.  —   roseo,  =  Storno   roseo,   rose-coloured   pastor. 

12.  —  sasselfo,  redwing,  Turdus  iliacus,  also  termed 
Malvizzo,  —  alpigino,  —  minore,  —  rosciolo.    13.  — 
solitario,  =  Passera  solitaria,  blue  rock  thrush. 

Torduccio  tn.  •  dim.  spreg.  Tordo. 

Toreadore  m.  (Span.);  bull-fighter  on  horse- 
back. 

Torello  m. ;  i.  dim.  Toro.  2.  (mar.)  in  //., 
garboard  strakes,  the  lowest  strakes  of  outside 
planking,  fixed  to  the  keel. 

Torero  m.  (Span.);  bull-fighter  on  foot. 

Toreuticay;  (Gr.,  <Topevfa>,  to  work  in  relief, 
or  to  chase) ;  art  of  working  in  relief. 

Toriccia/;;  yoiuig  she-goat. 

T6rio  m.;  (client.)  thorium,  a  metal  discoveied 
by  Berzelius  in  1829. 

Ttfrlo  m. ;  yolk  of  an  egg. 

Etym.  L.  torulus,  the  round  bulging  of  a 
muscle,  dim.  of  torus,  v.  Toro  (B),  the  yolk  of  the 
egg  being  regarded  as  bulging  amongst  the  albumen. 

Tdrma,  Turma  /  (L.  turma,  root 
tuer,  to  twirl,  v.  Torbidamente,  etym} ; 
troop. 

Tormaglia  f. ;  spreg.  of  Torma. 
Tormalina  f.   (Cingalese  toramalli)',  (min.) 
tourmaline. 

Torme'nta/ ;  storm  in  the  Alps. 

Torment-are,  -atore,  -at6ra,  -atrice;  as  E. 

Tormentillay:  (late  L.,  so  called  because  the 
powdered  root  was  used  to  relieve  toothache);  (bot.) 
tormentil,  Potentilla  tormentilla. 

Torment-o  (L.  tvrincniiun,  a  cvtitr.  vbsb.  of 
torquere,  v.  Torcere);  i.  as  E.  2.  (mil.  hist.) 
catapult.  Aff.  -oso,  -osamente. 

*Tornabonay;;  the  tobacco  plant. 

Tornac6nto  m. ;  profit,  utility.  Non 
c'  e  — ,  it  is  not  worth  while. 

Tornagusto  m. ;  appetizer. 

*Tornaio  m. ;  =  Torniaio. 

Tornalfrtto  m. ;  valance  round  the 
frame  of  a  bedstead  reaching  from  the 
bed  to  the  floor. 

*Tornalsole  m.;  =  Girasole. 

Torn-are  ind.  t6rno  (L,  <  tornus, 
lathe,  =  Gr.  rupvos,  tool  for  drawing 
circles,  root  ter,  cp.  Gr.  ropos,  piercing, 
L.  lerere,  to  rub)  ;  I.  to  turn.  2.  to 
return.  3.  to  turn  out,  to  become  ; 
Siamo  -ati  amici,  we  have  become 
friends.  4.  -  -  ne'  suoi,  to  come  off" 
neither  winner  nor  loser.  5.  —  a  galla, 
to  float  up  to  the  surface.  6.  -  -  di 
moda,  to  come  into  fashion  again. 
7.  --  di  casa,  di  bottega,  to  set  up 
house,  or  shop ;  Quest'  altro  semestre 
-a  di  bottega  in  Piazza...,  next  half-year 
he  is  going  to  set  up  his  shop  in  that 
square.  8.  —  con  uno,  to  enter  his 
service.  9.  to  be  the  right  amount;  II 
peso  -a  ma  la  qualitk  non  mi  par  che 
sia  quella,  the  weight  is  all  right,  but  I 
doubt  the  quality ;  II  conto  -a  esatta- 
mente,  the  bill  is  made  up  quite  right ; 


Questa  operazione  non  -a,  this  opera- 
tion has  not  been  done  right  ;  Perche  il 
verso  -i  conviene  sciogliere  il  dittongo 
in  due  sillabe,  to  make  the  verse  have 
the  right  number  of  syllables  the  diph- 
thong must  be  decomposed  into  two. 
10.  -arti  una  cosa,  to  be  worth  one's 
while;  Questa  faccenda  non  mi  -a,  this 
affair  is  not  worth  my  while.  II. 
bene,  male,  to  be  well  or  ill  suited  to  ; 
Quest'  abito  non  mi  -a,  this  coat  does 
not  do  for  me.  12.  —  lo  stesso,  to  come 
to  the  same  thing.  13.  -arti  a  mano,  to 
be  handy,  within  easy  reach;  Se  non  ti 
cheti  ti  do  uno  schiaffo  ;  giusto  mi  -i  a 
mano,  if  you  don't  be  quiet  I  shall  give 
you  a  slap  ;  you  are  just  within  my 
reach. 

Tornas61e  m.  ;  (hot.)  I.  litmus  plant, 
v.  Laccamuffa.  2.  litmus,  the  dye. 
3.  =  Girasole,  sunflower. 

Tornata/;  i.  return.  2.  sitting  of 
an  assembly. 

*i.  concluding  stanza  of  a  canto,     ii.  possession 
(of  an  empty  house). 

*Tornatura/;;  a  measure  of  area. 

Tornavira  f.;  (mar.)  =  Viradore,  turning-gear. 
*Torneamento   m.  ;   i.  joust,     ii.    surrounding 
circle. 

Torneare  ind.  torneo  ;  to  joust.  *to 
surround. 

Torneat6re  m.  ;  knight  in  a  tourna- 
ment. 

*Torneggiare  ;  to  work  at  a  lathe. 

Tornello  m.  ;  —  Strumento  dei  lanaioli  per  far 
1'  ordito,  a  warper's  tool. 


m.  (vbsb.  of  Torneare,  freq. 
of  Tornare,  cp.  Proven^,  iorneis,  tor- 
neiare,  Fr.  tournoi,  tournoyer,  from  the 
rapid  turning  of  the  horses  in  the 
combat);  tournament.  *=Giro,  tour. 

Torn^se  (mlt.  turonensis)  ;  i.  m. 
coin  struck  at  Tours.  2.  as  adj.,  Troy 
(weight). 

Torniaio  (Tornaio)  m.  ;  turner. 
*Torni-are;  i.  —  Tornire.    ii.  to  surround,    iii.  to 
measure  in  circuit.     Ajff~.  *-atorc,  turner. 

Tornich6tto  ;«.;  Grillo  a  —  ,  swivel  of  a  chain 
cable. 

*Torniero  m.  •  turner. 

•Torni-giato,  -gliato;  =  Tomito,  turned. 

T6rnio  m.  (bit.  **torneus,  <  L. 
tornus,  v.  Tornare)  ;  turning-lathe. 

Torn-ire  ind.  -isco  ;  to  turn,  v. 
Tornio.  Aff.  -itore,  -itura. 

T6rno  m.  (cogn.  Proveng.  torns,  Fr. 
tour,  Span,  torno,  <  L.  turnus,  v. 
Tornare,  the  idea  of  circular  movement 
passing  into  that  of  proximity  as  in  E. 
"round  about  there");  I.  In  quel  —  , 
thereabouts;  Fu  nel  31  o  in  quel  —  ,  it 
was  in  1831  or  thereabouts.  2.  Di  —  , 
i.q.  D'  attorno  ;  Per  levarselo  di  —  fecero 
foco  e  fiamme,  they  set  the  house  all  on 
fire  to  get  rid  of  him.  3.  as  adv.,  --  , 
i.q.  In  giro.  -  -  alia  casa  c'  e  un 
giardino,  there  is  a  garden  going  all 
round  the  house.  4.  =  Tornio,  lathe. 

*  i.  =  Giro.      ii.  =  Strettoio.      iii.    apparatus  for 
charging  a  cross-bow  or  the  like.     iv.  =  Ritorno. 

T6ro  m.  (A)  (L.  faurus,  cogn.  Gr. 
ravpos,  Russian  fur1,  lit.  full-grown  or 
large,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Steer);  bull. 

(B)  (L.  torus,  lit.  rounded  swelling 


such  as  that  of  a  muscle  or  pillow, 
hence  a  bed  or  the  torus  of  a  pillar  ; 
considered  by  Walde  to  be  <  a  root 
tuer,  to  squeeze  up,  evidenced  by  cer- 
tain Lithuanian  words,  v.  Torre,  or  less 
probably  to  be  for  **storus,  and  so 
akin  to  sternere,  in  which  case  the 
primary  meaning  would  be  bed)  ; 
i.  nuptial  couch.  2.  (arch.}  torus,  a 
moulding  semicircular  in  section  round 
the  base  of  a  column. 

Tordne  m. ;  strand  of  a  rope. 
Tordso;  thick-set. 

Torototella  Torotota  a</f.;  =  Rimatouggiosa- 
mente. 

Tor&zzo,  Tarozzo  m.;  (mar.}  i.  lad- 
der-step in  the  form  of  an  iron  bar, 
forked  at  each  end,  placed  horizontally 
between  adjoining  shrouds,  the  forks 
fitting  upon  each,  so  as  to  keep  them 
apart  as  they  approach  the  mast-head. 
2.  the  same,  made  of  rope.  3.  wooden 
or  iron  pin  threaded  in  a  fold,  e.g.  of  a 
streamer,  along  the  side  by  which  it  is 
hoisted,  so  as  to  keep  this  side  spread. 

TorpMine  /  (L.,  lit.  cramp-giver, 
v.  Torpido) ;  i.  electric  ray  (fish), 
locally  termed  Torpiglia,  Tremola,  Tre- 
molo, Dourmiglione.  2.  (mar.)  torpedo. 

Torpedintera  /  ;  (mar.)  torpedo- 
boat. 

•  Torpere ;  to  lie  torpid. 

Torp-idamente,  -idezza,  -idita,  -ido,  -6re  • 
as  E.  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Torpid.) 

Torpiglia/;  electric  ray  (fish),  v. 
Torpedine  (i). 

•Torqu-e,  -ea/:  (L.  torques);  necklace. 

Torracchidne  m. ;  ancient  tower. 

Torracciay:;/^.  Torre. 
Torraiolo;  v.  Terraiolo. 

T6rre;  sync,  for  Togliere. 

Tdrre/  (L.  turris,  =  Gr.  rvppis,  or 
riifi-ais,  walled  city,  also  bastion  on  a 
wall,  prob.  <  root  tuer,  to  embrace,  cp. 
Lettish  tursa,  conical  bag  made  of 
bark  screwed  up  like  paper,  Gaelic 
torr,  conical  hill) ;  i.  tower  ;  Orologio 
a  — ,  pedestal  clock ;  Cappello  a  — ,  tall 
hat.  2.  at  chess,  the  rook. 

Torref-are  for  conjug.  v.  Fare  (L., 
v.  Torrido);  to  parch.  Aff.  -azione. 

Torreggiare  ind.  torreggio ;  to  tower 
aloft 

TorrAnt-c  m.  (L.  torrens,  a  torrent,  orig.  fart. 
of  torrerf,  v.  Torrido,  the  idea  of  a  scorching  heat 
being  transferred  to  that  of  a  raging  stream) ;  as  E. 
Aff.  -zr.cm  fiegg.,  -ello  or  -uccio  Jim.  spref.,  -izio  or 
Torrenziale,  torrential. 

Torr-etta,  -icci6la,  -icella,  -icino ;  dims 
of  -c. 

Tdrrido  (L.,  akin  to  Gr.  reptretr9tu,  to  become 
dry,  root  ters,  to  parch,  v.  supra,  Terra,  and  Skeat 
sub  Torrid  Thirst);  as  E. 

Torritre,  'Torrigiano  »«.;  warden  of  a  tower 

Torrigli6ne  m.  (Kr.  tourilton);  (»u7.)  =  Orec- 
chione. 

Torridn-e  m. ;  large  tower  built  over 
the  entrance-gate  of  a  castle.  Aff.  -cello, 
-cinb,  dims. 

Torrdn-e  m.  (A)  (L.  turunda,  ball  of 
paste  for  fattening  geese,  prob.  akin  to 
ob-turare,  to  block  up  and  to  turris, 
v.  Torre) ;  a  kind  of  almond  hard-bake. 
*(B)  =  Torrione. 


TORONE— TOSTO 

Torrucciaccia  f. ;  dim.  spreg.  Torre. 
Torsata/;;  =  Torsolata.     t=Sorsata,  draught. 
tTorsatinay:;  dim.  Torsata,  draught. 

Torsello  m.  (A)  (etym.  unkn. ;  per- 
haps <  L.  thyrsus,  v.  Torso) ;  punch, 
die,  for  stamping  coins. 

*(B)  (dim.  Torso);  i.  small  bale  of  flat  elongated 
form  something  like  the  torso  of  a  statue,  ii.  pin- 
cushion. 

Torsione/:  (L.,  it.  Torcere);  as  E. 

Tdrso  m.  (mlt.  tursus,  <  L.  thyrsus, 
•v.  Tirso) ;  i.  =  Torsolo,  stalk  of  a 
cabbage  or  other  plant  bearing  leaves 
or  flowers  only  near  the  top.  2.  core  of 
an  apple  or  pear.  3.  torso,  trunk  of 
a  statue! 

Torsolata  f. ;  blow  with  a  cabbage 

stalk. 

Tdrsolo  m.  (dim.  Torso);  i.  stalk 
of  a  cabbage  or  any  herbaceous  plant, 
stripped  of  its  leaves.  2.  ear  of  maize, 
stripped  of  its  grains.  3.  core  of  an 
apple  or  other  fruit.  4.  fig.  blockhead. 

Torsdne  m. ;  augm.  Torso. 

Tdrta  /  (L.  torta,  a  twisted  roll, 
<torqueo,  v.  Torcere);  tart,  small  pie. 
Mangiar  la  —  in  capo  a  uno,  to  surpass 
him  either  physically  or  morally. 

T&rta/  (It.  torcere);  twisting. 
Tortaccia/ ;  pegg.  T6rta. 
Tortaio  m. ;  maker  of  tarts. 

Tortale  in. ;  a  round  wooden  slab  with  two 
handles,  used  in  olive-pressing. 

Tortamdnte ;  crookedly,  distortedly. 
Tortellett-a/:,  -o  m.;  dims,  of  Tort-a  or  -ello 
Tortellino  m.;  dim.  Tortello. 

Tortfcllo  m. ;  large  piece  of  paste 
stuffed  with  beetroot,  soaked  bread, 
pounded  meat,  etc. 

Tortdzza/;  crookedness. 

*Torticchiare  ;  to  go  in  crooked  ways. 

Torticcio  m.;  (mar.)  In  — ,  cable-laid  (rope). 
tTortlccidlo  m. ;  a  kind  of  chestnut  bun. 

Tortiglio  m.  (Fr.  tortil);  heraldic  wreath, 
torse. 

TortigH6ne  m.;    i.    gun-barrel  made  in  spiral 
coils.     2.  —  Penna  di  struzzo  colla  pinma  increspata 
intorno  alia  costola.     3.   (z<c<.)=Torcinaso,  twitch. 
H  an  old  country  dance,    ii.  as  adv.,  crookedly. 

Tortin-a/,  -o  m. ;  dim.  T6rta. 

•Tortire ;  to  go  astray. 

Tort-o;  i.  part.  Torcere,  or  as  adj. 
crooked.  2.  as  s6.,  -i  per  imbarcazioni, 
boat  timbers.  3.  injury,  wrong.  4.  fault; 
Aver  — ,  to  be  in  the  wrong.  5.  Dar 
—  a,  to  adjudge  in  the  wrong.  6.  Far 
un  —  or  dei  torti,  euph.  for  Far  le  corna, 
v.  Corno  (24).  7.  A  — ,  wrongly. 

Tortoc611o  m. ;  =  Torcicollo,  wryneck. 

Tort6ip;  bent  bar  for  twisting  a  rope  tight. 
*Tortolino  m. ;  young  dove. 

Tortone  m.;  augm.  Torto. 

Tdrtoraor/0/.  Tdrtola/  (L.  turtur, 
of  imit.  origin) ;  (ornith.)  turtle  dove, 
Turtur  auritus. 


•Tdrtore  m.  ;  =  Tortora.     *Tort6re  m.  ;   tor- 


turer. 

Tortoreggi-are  ind.  tortoreggio;  to  coo.  Aff. 
-ameuto. 

Tortor-ella,  -4tta  dims.,  -ettlna  ail-Jim., 
of  -a.     -ino  ;   dove-like. 
*  Tortoso  ;  wrongful. 

T6rtrice  f.;  i.  a  species  of  viper, 
Tortrix  scytale.  2.  leaf-rolling  cater- 
pillar. 

Tortuos-amente,  -ita,  -o;  as  E.     • 


629 

T6rtur-a,  -are ;  as  E.    (L.,  ».  Torcere.) 

T6rv-o  (L.,  prob.  akin  to  Or.  rapfHa, 
to  be  frightened ;  Sanskr.  targdmi,  to 
threaten)  ;  grim,  fierce-looking.  Aff. 
-amente. 

'Torzo  m.\  —  Torso,  Torsolo. 

Torzdne  m.  (etym.  unkn.,  perhaps 
an  altered  augm.  of  Toso  or  possibly 
< Torzo);  spreg.  serving  brother  in  a 
monastery. 

Tdsa/  (v.  Toso) ;  scherz.  for  Monaca, 
nun. 

Tos-are  ind.  tdso  (bit.  **tonsare, 
freq.  of  L.  tondeo,  v.  Tonsura) ;  to 
shear,  to  clip.  Aff.  -amdnto  -ati'no, 
clipped  (money),  -atore,  -at6ra,  -atrice, 
-atura. 

Toscan-a/;  (geogr.)  Tuscany.  Aff.  -amente, 
-eggiare  to  mutate  Tuscan  ways,  -eria  spreg.,  -esimo 
or  -ismo  Tuscan  mode  of  expression,  -ita  Tuscan 
ways,  -lizare,  -o. 

T6sco ;  =  Toscano.  Tdsco  m. ;  =  Tosstco. 
*Toso;  i.  m.  boy;  the/.  Tdsa,  girl,  is  still 
current  at  Milan.  Etym.  dub.;  the  word  could  be 
the  syncopated  fart,  of  Tosare,  or  <  L.  tonsus 
Diez  inclines  to  regard  it  as  an  aphaeresis  <  L 
intonsus,  =  beardless,  ii.  fart,  of  Tondere. 

Tosolare  ind.  tosolo  (dim.  Tosare) ; 
to  clip  (coins).  *to  shear. 

Tosdne  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  toison,  <  L. 
tonsionenf) ;  fleece,  but  only  in  the 
phrase  --  d'  oro,  golden  fleece,  re- 
ferring to  that  of  the  ram  in  the  story 
of  the  Argonauts,  or  to  the  emblem  of 
the  order  of  the  Golden  Fleece,  insti- 
tuted by  Philip  the  Good,  Duke  of 
Burgundy,  in  1450. 

Tdss-e/  (L.  tussis,  of  imit.  origin); 
cough.  —  asinina,  cavallina,  or  canina, 
whooping-cough. 

Aff.  -XXX* pegg.,  -erella  dim.,  -erelHna *»£•<&>»., 
-ettaccia/fe,gf.,  -etta  dim.,  -ettma  sub-dim. 
*  Tossicare ;  to  poison. 

Tossicchiare ;  to  give  a  slight  cough. 

Tossicina/;  dim.  vezz.  Tosse. 

Tbssico  m.  (L.  toxicnm,<  Gr.  TO^JKOV 
sc.  (pappiaKov,  poison  for  arrows,  <ro£oi/, 
a  bow,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Toxicology) ;  deadly 
poison. 

T6ssicodendro  n,.;(bot.)  poison  sumach,  RHtis 
toxicodendron, 

Tbssicolog-iay:;  toxicology.     Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Tossicone  m. ;  augm.  Tosse,  cough. 

Tdssilaggine,  Tussillaggine  /.  (L.  tussi- 
la-go)  I  (pot.)  colt's-foot,  v.  Farfaro. 

Tossire  ind:  t6sso  (It.  tosse) ;  to 
cough. 

T6sso  m.;  (»mr.)=Tozzo. 
•Tost-ay:;  speed.     Aff.  -ano,  speedy. 

Tostamdnte;  speedily. 

Tost-are  ind.  t6sto  (<L.  tostum, 
supine  of  torrere,  v.  Torrido) ;  to  roast 
(coffee,  almonds  or  the  like).  Aff. 
-atura,  -icchiare  dim. 

Tostlno  m.;  coffee-roaster,  v.  Tos- 
tare. 

T6st-o  (A)  (L.  tostus,  v.  Tostare); 
I.  toasted;  hence  2.  hard,  like  unripe 
fruit.  3.  (Faccia)  -a,  impassive.  4.  Ha 
le  gambe  -e,  i.e.  he  is  rich. 

(B);  adv.  =  Subito,  soon.  —  che,  as 
soon  as. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  tit,  old  Provenc.  iuest,  old 
Span,  loslo ;  of  unknown  origin,  but  prob,  like  Tosto 


630 


TOTALE— TRAFELARE 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Tra-  or  Tras-  see  the  simple  word.     For  the  prefix  see  Tra-  in  loco. 


(A),  <  L.  tostus,  heated  ;  the  transition,  however,  of 
meaning  is  not  easily  accounted  for. 

*i.  =  Presto,  quick,  ii.  early,  produced  too  quickly. 
iii.  Star  — ,  to  stand  firm. 

Total-e,  -ita,  -mente  ;  as  E.  (L.  tot-us,  v. 
Tutto.) 

Totaliziatore  nt.  ;  totalizer,  an  automatic 
betting  machine  at  a  race  meeting. 

T6tano  tn.  (said  to  be  <  Gr.  reiJflo?,  through  a 
bit.  **tottlu$,  origin  unkn.);  i.  young  cuttlefish. 
2.  (prnith.)  redshank,  Tetanus^  v.  Piropiro.  3.  Jig, 
fool. 

fToti  m.;  star-gazer  fish,  v.  Uranoscopo. 
*Toto;  =  Tutto,  all. 

Totomaglio  nt.\  (£<?/.) =Titimaglio,  spurge. 
Totta villa  f.  ;    (omitk.)    woodlark,    Alauda 
arborea,  also  termed  Allodola  dei  prati,  Bonicola, 
Covarello,  Lodola  arborea  or  mattugia,  Lodolicchio, 
Lodolino,  Mattollna,  Tuttuilla. 

T6tto,  for  To1  to' ;  excl.  don't  touch  I 
fTdttoro  w.;  =  Minchione,  dodderer. 
tTouna_/! ;  a  species  of  tunny,  v.  Tonnina  (i). 

Tovagli-a  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  touaille,  bit. 
tualia,  Span.  /<?#//#,  <O.H.G.  twahila, 
a  cloth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Towel) ;  table-cloth. 

Aff.  -accia /<£#".,  •e'tta  or-na  dims. 

Tovagli61-0  m.  (dim.  Tovaglia) ; 
napkin.  Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.)  -fno  dim. 

Tovagli-6ne  or  -6na  augm.,  -uccia  dim. 
spree.,  of  -a. 

Tozz-arello  m.\  dim.  of-o. 

Tozzetto(A);  dim.  Tozzo. 

(B)  (for  Torzetto,  cp.  Bozzacchione  <  Borzac- 
chione,  <  a  form  **  tortiare,  <  tortum,  supine  of 
torquere^  v.  Torcere);=  L*  intinio  filato  che  si  fa 
con  la  sirighella  o  sinighella,  che  e  1*  ultima  peluria 
levata  dal  bozzolo,  the  poorest  quality  of  silk  thread. 

T6zz-o;  I.  stumpy,  thickset,  squat. 
2.  as  St.,  dry  piece  of  bread.  3.  (bot.)  -i 
nani,  a  species  of  fungus.  4.  (mar.} 
=  Torozzo,  spreader  of  the  upper  parts 
of  the  shrouds. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Span,  tocho,  gross,  stupid,  Arago- 
nese  toza,  dwarf;  considered  by  Dtez  to  be  <  L. 
funsus  or  tusust  passive  part,  of  tundere,  to  pound, 
v.  Rintuzzare,  so  that  the  lit.  meaning  would  be 
"pounded,  compressed."  Another  suggestion  con- 
nects the  word  with  Suabian  Siotz,  trunk,  akin  to 
Germ.  Stutz,  stump.  In  sense  of  dry  bread  it  may 
either  be  an  adaptation  from  the  adjectival  meaning 
or,  possibly,  a  variant  of  Torso. 
fTozzolare;  to  beg  one's  bread. 

Tozzdtto;  augm.  of  Tozzo  (i). 

Tra  prep.  (L.  intray  abl.f.  of  interns^ 
inward,  <  />/,  with  comparative  suffix 
-ter] ;  i.  among.  2.  between,  v.  Fra. 

Tra-  prefix,  with  a  variant  Tras-,<  L. 
trans,  beyond,  across,  over,  originally 
the  pres.  part,  of  a  *vb.  **trare,  to  pass 
over,  seen  in  intrare^  ?/.  Entrare;  cp. 
Sanksr.  tara-,  a  crossing  over ;  the 
meaning  therefore  is  "across,"  but  it 
is  often  a  simple  intensive,  cp.  Fr.  tres. 

'Trabacc-a./,  -o  m.  (L.  trabs^  beam);  i.  hut. 
ii.  den. 

Trabaccolo  m.  (L.  trabecula,<tra- 
bica^  raft, <trabs^  a  log);  brig  (in  the 
Adriatic  coasting  trade). 

*Trabaldare  (Tribaldare)  (tra-,  prefix,  +  It. 
baldo,  outrageous) ;  =  Truffare,  to  cheat,  to  filch. 
Furonne  morti  piu  di  mille  settecento...e  presine  piu 
di  due  mila ;  onde  mold  ne  furono  trabaldati... , 
many  of  whom  were  let  go  for  a  ransom. 

Traball-are;  to  reel,  to  rock.  Aff. 
-tofreq.  sb. 

Tral>all6ne  m. ;  lurch.  Dare  il  — , 
to  come  to  grief,  die  or  lose  one's 
situation. 

Trabaltare ;  =  Ribaltare,  to  turn 
topsy-turvy. 

f  Trabalugginare  ;=Trapelare,  to  trickle. 


Trabalzare ;  to  toss,  to  jumble,  to 
jolt. 

"Trabalzo  «.;  usurious  profit. 

Trabalzdne  m. ;  great  jerk,  jolt. 

Trabante  m.  (Germ.  Trabant,  < 
Hungarian  darabant,  =  Turkish  or  Per- 
sian derbdn,  gate-keeper);  i.  one  of  the 
medieval  bodyguard  of  the  German 
emperor.  2.  (astr.)  satellite. 

tTrabattare  (bit.  travectare^freq,  of  L.  trove- 
here  for  transveh£re)\=Pa£&axt. 

*Trabattere;  i.  to  knock  together,  ii.  to  go 
away  in  haste,  iii.  to  walk  about,  iv.  to  knock 
down. 

*Trabe  m.  (L.  trabs) \- Trave,  beam. 
Trabea  f.  (L.);  ancient  Roman  robe  of  state. 
Trabeato  (A);   dressed  in  state  robes.     *(B); 
very  happy. 

Trabeazi6ne/!;  (arch.)  entablature. 

Trabiccolaf o  m.\  i .  maker  or  seller 
of  Trabiccoli.  2.  steep  broken  ground. 

Trabiccol-o  m.  (bit.  ** trabiculum, 
dim.  of  L.  trabs,  beam,  through  an  adj. 
**trabicus}\  I.  support  made  of  curved 
stakes,  on  which  bed-clothes  may  be 
spread  over  a  fire  to  dry,  or  from  which 
a  pot  may  be  hung  over  the  fire  by  a 
hook.  2.  any  ricketty  structure  or 
ramshackle  old  carriage.  Aff.  -e^to 
dim. 

Trabocc-ame'nto  m.\  v.  -are. 

Traboccare  ind.  trab6cco  (A)  (tra-, 
prefix,  -fit  bocca,  mouth) ;  to  overflow. 

*i.  to  superabound.     ii.  to  provide  abundantly. 

(B)  i.  to  fall  face  downwards.  2.  of 
a  balance,  to  lean  over,  incline  down- 
wards. 

*i.  to  hurl  down.  ii.  to  overthrow,  iii.  to  hurl, 
e.g.  missiles  on  a  besieged  city. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven9.  and  Span.  trabocart 
Fr.  trlbucher,  to  stumble,  <  tra-,  prefix,  +  old  Fr. 
buc  or  O.  H.G.  bfth,  the  trunk  of  the  body  (>Germ. 
Bauch,  belly),  /#.,  therefore,  to  throw  the  body  out 
of  position. 

Trabocch&tto  m.  (v.  Traboccare,  B); 

pitfall. 

'Trabocchevole;  i.  =Strabocchevole,  abundant, 
it.  precipitous. 

Trabdcco  m.  (A) ;  vbsb.  of  Traboc- 
care (A). 

*(B);  i.  —  Trabocchetto.  ii.  =  Mangano,  man- 
gonel. 

*Traboccone;  precipitously. 

Trabucarsi  (It.  tra,  prep.,  -h  buca, 
hole) ;  to  run  into  a  hole. 

*Trabucc-are;  =  Traboccare(B).     Aff.  *-o  sb. 

Trabucos  m.  indecl.  (Span,  trabuco, 
blunderbuss,  cp.  Traboccare,  B,  i  to  iii) ; 
a  certain  kind  of  cigar,  named  from  its 
shape,  being  short  but  big. 

*Traca;  (geogr.)  the  province  of  Thrace. 

Tracann-are;  to  gulp  down.  Aff. 
-at6re,  -atrice. 

*  Tracano  ;  =  Tarchiato. 
Tracapello  m.;  (&?/.) =Tarpina,  dodder. 

Traccagnotto  ;  =  Tracagnotto,  stur- 
dy. 

Tracch^ ;  =  Tra  che,  since,  because. 

Tracchegg-iare  ind.  traccheggio ;  to 
dally.  Aff.  -tofreq.  sb. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  Fr.  tract  a  horse's  pacing,  from 
which  Traccheggiare  as  a  dim.  could  readily  obtain 
its  present  meaning. 

Traccheggio  m. ;  rotary  movement  given  by  a 
fencer  to  his  sword. 


Traccia/;   I.  foot-print,  trail,  trace. 

2.  outline  of  a  projected  literary  work. 

3.  train  of  gunpowder.     4.  line  scooped 
out  in  a  wall  for  the  passage  of  a  wire. 
5.  Andare  in  —  di  uno,  to  go  in  search 
of  him   upon   some   indication   of  his 
whereabouts.     6.  fig.  trace,  indication. 

*i.  troop  spread  out  in  a  long  line,  D.  Inf.  18.  79. 
ii.=Trattato,  Pratica,  dealings,  proceedings. 

Tracci-are  (cogn.  Fr.  tracer,  Span. 
trazar,  <  **tractiare,freq.  of  L.  trahere, 
to  draw) ;  i.  to  follow  the  trail  of.  2.  to 
trace.  Aff.  -am^nto. 

Tracciatoio,  Tracciat6re  m. ;  a  kind  of  marker 
with  a  long  handle  and  sharp  point  used  by  gardeners 
to  mark  the  divisions  in  the  beds. 
fTraccola /;  =  Tabella,  rattle. 

Trace;  Thracian. 

Trache-a,  -ale,  -otornia;  as  E. 

Trachino  m.\  i.  —  dragone,  great  weever  or 
sting-fish,  Trachintts  dracot  locally  termed  Ragno, 
Varagno  bianco,  Varagnolo,  Trascina  liscia,  Para- 
saula,  Parasoccolo.  2.  —  raggiato,  Trachinus 
radiatus,  locally  termed  Ragno,  Varagno  pagan, 
Vaina.  3.  —  vipera,  lesser  weever,  Trachinus 
vipera,  locally  termed  Ragno,  Varagnola,  Trascina 
ianca. 

Trachit-e  /.  (Gr.);  (gtol.)  trachyte,  a  grey 
porphyritic  rock  of  crystalline  character.  Aff.  -ico. 

Trachittero  nt. ;  —  artico,  deal-fish,  Tra- 
chypterus. 

Trachuro  ;  v.  Tracuro. 

Tracio;  Thracian. 
*  Tracoitato ;  =  Tracotante. 
*Tracolare;  to  percolate. 

Tracblla/;  shoulder-belt.  A  — , 
across  the  shoulders. 

Tracoll-are  ind.  tracollo  ;  i.  to  stag- 
ger, overbalance.  2.  to  fall.  3.  of  the 
scale  of  a  balance,  to  sink.  Aff.  -o  sb. 

Etym.  dub.  The  word  was  probably  formed  on 
the  analogy  of  Traboccare,  from  tra-,  prefix, +collo, 
as  it  were,  to  stretch  out  the  neck  and  so  to  over- 
balance. An  alternative  suggestion  traces  it  to 
**  transcorrotulare \  v.  Crollare. 

*Tracolo  tn.  ;  =  Colino,  strainer. 

'Tracordare  ;  to  be  in  full  accord. 

Tracdrrere ;  to  overrun,  run  too  far. 
Tracotanza/ ;  arrogance. 

*Tracotare  (for  Tra-coitare,  <  L.  cogitare,  as  it 
were,  to  think  too  far) ;  to  be  arrogant,  outrageous. 

*Tracur-aggine,    -anza  f.   or   -amenta   m. ; 
carelessness, 

Tracuro  m.  (Gr.);  scad  fish,  horse  mackerel, 
TrachuruS)  locally  termed  Pesce  cavallo,  Fraulo, 
Sciaena,  Suero. 

*Tracut-aggine  f.\  heedlessness.    Aff.  *-ato. 

Etym.     Tra-,  prefix, -hit.  coitare,  <.L,.  cogitare. 
*Tradere  (par.  of  Tradire);  to  inform. 

Tradescanzia_/I  (from  the  name  of  an  English 
botanist,  Tradescant) ;  (hot.)  spider-wort,  Trades- 
cant  ia. 

Trad-ire  ind.  -isco,  or  *-o,  perf.  -ii 
(L.  tradere^  <  trans,  dare) ;  to  betray. 

Aff.  -imento,  -itora,  -itore,  -itrice,  -itoreflo  dim., 
-itorescamente,  -itoresco. 

Tradizi6n-ey".  (L.)l   r-   as  E.     2.   (com.)  Per 

— ,  by  delivery.     Aff.  -ale. 

Traddtto ;  part.  Tradurre. 

Traducfbile ;  translatable. 

Trad-urre  ind.  -uco  -uci,  perf.  -ussi, 
part.  -6tto  (L.  traducere,  to  bring  over. 
<  trans,  v.  Tm-,  +  ducere,  v.  Duca);  to 
translate. 

Aff.  -uttore,  -uttrice,  -uzionaccia  fcgg.,  -uzion- 
cella  dim.t  -uzione. 

•f  Tra6nayl;  i.g.  Pannola,  long  fishing  line. 

Trainte ;  v.  Trarre. 
•TrafayC;  sledge. 

Trafatto;  over-ripe,  v.  Fare  (13). 

Trafel-are  ind.  trafelo  (elym.  unkn.)  • 
to  be  half  fainting,  worn  out  from  fatigue. 
*to  put  to  the  sword.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 


TRAFELONE— TRAMOGGIA 


631 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Tra-  or  Tras-  see  the  simple  word. 

Traguardo  m. ;  level,  sight  vane,  an 
instrument  for  obtaining  a  horizontal 
position.  -  obiettivo,  object-vane. 
—  oculare,  eye-vane. 


•Trafelone  /«.;  =  Affannone,  meddler. 

Traffic-are  inct.  traffico;  i.  to  traffic.  2.  to  be 
working,  busy.  Aff.  -abile,  -atore,  -o  sb. 

Etym.  Cogti.  Catalan  tra/agar,  Span,  traficar, 
tra/agar,  Portug.  trasfegar,  trafcgvear,  bit.  trafi- 
care,  of  unknown  origin.  Skeat  refers  to  a  suggestion 
that  these  words  are  <  Hebrew  traffik,  a  late  Hebr. 
rendering  of  late  Gr.  rpon-aititd?,  which  again  _is  a 
Gr.  rendering  of  L.  victoriatiis,  the  name  of  a  silver 
coin  bearing  the  figure  of  Victory.  Diez  rather 
favours  derivation  <" transvicare,  to  exchange, < 
vii'fs,  interchange. 

*Trafiere  m.;  dagger. 

Trafigg-ere  ind.  trafiggo  trafiggi, 
perf.  trafissi,  part,  trafitto  or  *trafisso; 
to  stab,  transfix.  A/,  -imento,  -itore, 
-itrice. 

TrafQ-a/;  wire-drawing  plate,  -a 
a  cuscinetti,  screw-stock.  Aff.  -are,  to 
draw. 

*  Trafiliera  / ;  calibrating  measure. 

*  Trafine  wr. ;  exile. 
*Trafisso;  v.  Trafiggere. 
tTrafinu  m.;  v.  Penstedione. 

Trafitt-a, -ura/. ;  i.  stab.  2.  stab- 
bing pain.  *  =  Sconfitta,  defeat. 

Trafdgli-o ;  v.  Trifoglio.    -6ne  ;  v.  Trifoglio(5). 

*  Trafoglioso  ;  with  much  leafage. 

Trafor-are  ind.  trafdro ;  to  pierce, 
to  bore.  Part,  -ato,  (knitting)  in  open- 
work. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 
•Trafor-ello,  *-eria ;  v.  Trafurell-o,  -eria. 

Traf6r-o  m. ;  i.  piercing.  2.  tunnel. 
3.  Lavoro  di  — ,  usu.  di  straforo,  filigree 
work.  4.  nook,  cranny.  Aff.  -etto 
dim. 

Trafug-are  ind.  trafugo  trafughi ;  to 
carry  off  secretly.  Aff.  -atamente. 

Trafugo  m. ;  i.  (mar.)  stowaway. 
2.  Di  — ,  secretly. 

•Trafur-are  (L./«r  thief);  to  steal,  '-elleria 
^;=Inganno,fraud.  *-eUO/«.;=LadronceIIo,  young 
thief. 

Trafiisola/  ;  skein  of  silk. 

•Trafusolo  ;«.;  (amz/.)=Focile,  leg-bone. 
*Tragazzato  ;  =  Traghezzato,     streaked     with 
white. 

Tragidi-a/  (Gr.);  as  E.  Aff.  -accia,  -ante, 
-eggiare,  -oerafo. 

TragelTini  m.  pl.\  (hot.)  a  variety  of  vetchling, 
Cicerchia,  or  of  pulse,  Moco. 

•Tragemato  m.  (Gr.  rpaYTj/xa,  sweetmeat,  < 
Tparpa,  to  chew);  candied  fruit. 

*  Tragetto  m. ;  =  Tragitto,  short  cut. 
Tragg-ere  ;  poet,  for  Trarre.     Aff.  -itore. 
Traghettare ;  i.g.  Tragittare. 

*  Traghettiere  m.',  ferryman. 

and 


uproar 


con- 


=  Tragitto,  ferry. 


Traghettlo  m.  \ 
fusion. 

Tragh^tto  m. ; 
2.   trick,  dodge. 

t  Traghezzato  ;  streaked,  as  a  tiger. 

Tragic-amente,  -o,  -dmico,  -ommedia ; 
as  E. 

Tragiogare  ind.  tragiogo ;  of  oxen, 
to  pull  opposite  ways. 

Tragittare  (bit.  trajectare,  cp.  Get- 
tare)  ;  i.  to  ferry  across.  2.  to  travel 
through. 

*  i.  to  cast  (bronze),     ii.  to  flourish  about. 

Tragitt-o  m.\  v.  -are.  *L  excerpt,  ii.  short 
cut. 

•Traglia  /. ;  (mar.)  (A)  (either  contr.  <  ••  ti- 
raffia,  <mlt.  or  It.  tirare,  or<L.  traruta,  dragged 
thing,  <  traltfrt,  to  drag,  cp.  Dragila)  =  Draglia, 
stay-rope. 

(B);  =  Taglia(B),  tackle. 
"Tragola;  A  — ,  =  A  squarciagola. 
•Tragopa/;  a  fabulous  horned  bird. 
•Tragorigano  m. ;  (ta/.)=Timbra. 
Traguardare  ;  to  observe  through  a  Traguardo. 


Tragul-ay:  (L.,<°*  tra  fere,  for  L.  trahere); 
a  kind  of  javelin  attached  to  a  strap  by  which  it  was 
swung  when  thrown.  Aff.  -ario,  soldier  managing  a 
Tragula. 

Traiett-are;=Tragittare.  -dria/I;  trajectory. 
*Traimento  m. ;  drawing. 

Trainare  ind.  traino  (bit.  **tra- 
ginare,  -v.  Traino,  etym.};  i.  to  drag. 

2.  scherz.  for  Scarrozzare,  to  go  out  for 
a  drive. 

Traino  m.  ;    i.   sledge.      2.    train. 

3.  load  on  a  waggon.     4.    dragging  or 
the  noise  of  dragging.     5.    body  of  a 
carriage.     6.   scherz.  or  iron,  for  Car- 
rozza  carriage.     7.    in  sense  of  heavy 
weight;  Questa  bambina  e  un  — ,  this 
baby  is  a  lump.  8.  half  canter,  cantering 
with  the  forelegs  while  trotting  with  the 
hind  ones. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  train,  trainer,  Span,  irtigin, 
transport,  <  bit.  **  traginum,  **  traginare,  <  **  tra- 
gere,  a  bit.  verb  alongside  of  the  regular  L.  trahere, 
v.  Trare.  The  Italian  forms  are  probably  borrowed 
from  French. 

•Tra-ire;  to  betray,  t-ito  or  • -itore  m. ; 
traitor. 

Tralasci-are ;  i.  to  put  aside.  2.  to 
omit.  Aff.  -amento. 

*TraIat-are   (mlt.   translatare,  v.   Traslatare) ; 
to  transport.     *-izio;  taken  over,  adopted. 
Tralazi6ne  f. ;  =  Traslazione,  translation. 
Tralc-erello,  -ettino,  -etto;  dims,  of-io. 

Tralci-aia,  -ai61a  /  ;  interlacement 
of  vine  branches. 

Tralci-0  m.  (Tralce  /)  ;  i.  vine- 
branch,  spray.  2.  (anat.')  umbilical 
cord.  Aff.  -olo  dim. 

Etym.       L.    tradux,    vine-layer,     ///.     branch 
brought  across,  probably  through    an    intermediate 
form  **trancio,  cp.   L.  perdix,  >  It.  pernice. 
*Tralciuto;  L  full  of  sprays,     ii.  sly. 

Traliccio  m. ;  sacking. 

Etym.  bit.  tralicium,  <  L.  trilix,  >  Span,  ter- 
liz,  bed-ticking,  old  Fr.  treslis,  >  Fr.  treillis,  sack- 
cloth. Trilix  K<tres,  three,  liciitm,  warp-thread, 
v.  Liccio. 

Tralfce;  A,  or  In  — ,  obliquely. 

Etym.  Either  directly  <  L.  liciitm,  warp- 
thread,  v.  Liccio,  or_  at  any  rate  from  the  same 
root  tic,  crooked,  oblique ;  for  the  prefix,  v.  Tra-. 

Tralign-are  (L.  trans,  linea,  cp.  Al- 
lignare) ;  to  degenerate.  Aff.  -amdnto. 

*Tralipare  ;=Traripare,  to  overflow. 
*Traltissimo;  superloftiest. 

Tralucere  ind.  tralu-co  -ci,  perf. 
-z€\,pres.  part.  -c6nte,  no  passive  part. 
(L.  translucere) ;  i.  to  shine  through. 
2.  to  be  semi-transparent.  3.  to  glisten, 
to  flash. 

Tralucido ;  translucent. 
•Tralunare  ;  =  Stralunare,  to  stare. 
Tram  m.  indecl. ;  train-omnibus. 

Trama/  (L.  trama,  v!Oof,prob,  contr. 

<  **tragma,  <  the  root  of  trakere,  to 
drag);  I.  woof.     2.  fig.  plot. 

fi.  =  Mignola.     ii.  *In — ,  in  suspense. 

Tramaglio,  Tremaglio  m. ;  trammel, 
net  made  of  three  layers  of  netting  for 
catching  small  fish  or  birds. 

Etym.     Cogn.    Fr.    trfmail,    Gascon   traitiail, 

<  bit.  tremacuium,  <  L.   tri-,  macula,  a  mesh  or 
net  (>  It.  maglia),  v.  Skeat,  ?d.  1910,  sub  Trammel. 

t  Tratnanacca  /. ;  -  Imbroglio. 


For  the  prefix  see  Tra-  in  loco. 

Tramand-are  ;  to  transmit.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Tramare  (It.  trama);  i.  to  weave. 
2.  fig.  to  plot. 

tTramarino  w.;=Rosmarino,  rosemary. 
*Tramazzare  ;  =  Stramazzarej  to  tumble  down. 
*Tramazzo  ?«.;  i.  uproar,     ii.  =Trama. 

*  Trambasciare  (It.ambascia);  to  be  in  distress. 

Trambelloni ;  reeling. 

Etym.  M.H.G.  tramfelen,  to  trample,  an  in- 
tensive, akin  to  Gothic  trimftan  (in  the  compound 
anatrimpan,  to  come  up,  crowd  up)  and  to  the  non- 
nasalised  Low  G.  trappen,  to  tread,  E.  to  trape 
(>  traipse,  a  gad-about).  K.  Skeat,  sub  Tramp, 
Trap. 

*  Trambussare;  to  knock  about. 

Trambust-are ;  to  throw  into  con- 
fusion. Aff.  -iofreq.  sb.,  -o  turmoil. 

Etym.  Perhaps  as  Diez  suggests  <  It.  busto, 
therefore  /;'/.  to  throw  the  body  about,  cp.  Tracollare, 
but  more  probably,  as  Caix  gives  it,  <  Provenc. 
tabustar  (>  Fr.  tarabuster^  to  pester),  cp.  old  Fr. 
tawboissier,  <  the  Germanic  imit.  root  tab  or  tap, 
cp.  Tafferuglio. 

Tramen-are  ind.  tram^no ;  to  move 
about.  *to  handle  (an  affair).  Aff.  -fo 
freq.  sb. 

*Tramend-ue,  -ui  or  -uni;  =  Ambedue,  both. 
tTramerino  m. ;  =  Ramerino,  rosemary. 

Tramescol-are  ind.  tramescolo;  to 
mix  up.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*Tramessa./;  interposition,  digression. 
•Tramesso  «.;  side-dish,  entrte. 

Tramest-are  ind.  tram^sto ;  to 
jumble.  Aff.  -10  freq.  sb. 

*  Tramett-ere  ;  i.  to  interpose,  introduce,    ii.  to 
transmit,     iii.    to  put  aside,     iv.    to  send  to  fetch. 
As  refl.  -ersi :  v.  to  intervene,    vi.  to  interrupt  one's 
work. 

Tramezza/ ;  (bootm.)  welt. 

Tramezz-are  ind.  tramezzo ;  to  parti- 
tion. Aff.  -Jibile,  -ame'nto. 

Tramezzo  ;  i.  m.  partition,  bulk- 
head ;  -i  pi.  —  Tavoloni  da  stivaggio, 
shifting  boards,  to  prevent  shifting 
where  grain  is  shipped  in  bulk.  2.  as 
prep.,  =  Tra,  among;  In  quel  — =  In 
quel  mentre,  meantime.  *=  Intermezzo, 
entr'acte. 

Tramezzblo  m.  (dim.  Tramezzo)  ; 
outer  layer  of  a  vein  of  rock  under 
which  lies  the  Massa  serena,  fine- 
grained stone. 

Tramischiare ;  intens.  Mischiare, 
to  mix. 

Tramite  m.  (L.  trames<trans,meare, 

v.  Tra-,  Meato) ;  path.  *  =  Tralcio,  spray. 

Tram6ggia/;   i.  hopper  of  a  mill. 

2.  funnel  for  feeding  olives  to  a  crushing- 
mill  or  coffee  beans  to  a  coffee-grinder. 

3.  feeder  constructed  on  the  principle  of 
a  funnel  for  distributing  grain  into  the 
hold  of  a  ship  which  carries  grain  in 
bulk.  4.  hopper-barge.  5.  (mar.)  rudder- 
trunk,  casing  of  the  upper  part  of  the 
main-piece  of  the  rudder;   the  interior 
of  the  rudder-trunk  forms  part  of  the 
helm-port.    6.  Finestra  a  — ,  or  simply 
— ,  prison  or  convent  window  opening 
for  ventilation  into  a   sort  of  hopper- 
shaped    screen,    but   not   allowing   the 
inmates  to  see  into  the  street. 

Etym.  Either  <  L.  trimodia,  vessel  equal  to 
three  modii,  v.  Moggio,  or  else  <  It.  tremare  +  mog- 
gio;  the  latter  accords  best  with  the  sense.  O. 


632 


TRAMOGGIAIO— TRASCINARE 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Tra-  or  Tras-  see  the  simple  -word.    For  the  prefix  see  Tra-  in  loco. 

esf,.    free     transit     of     goods      aCTOSS      a 
.r' 


Fr.  trfmie,  Proven^,  tremucia,  both  meaning  mill- 
hopper. 

Tramoggi-aio  m. ;  workman  on  a  -a. 

Tramontan-a  /  (-0  m.)  (L.  trans, 
tnontanus) ;  i.  north  wind.  2.  the  north. 
3.  Perdere  la  — ,  to  lose  one's  faculty  of 
judging  rightly,  lose  one's  bearings. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -ata  aligm.,  -ese  north-westerly 
gale,  -anina  or  -anino  dim.,  -o  aiij. 

Tramontare  ind.  tramonto  (L.  trans, 
montem) ;  of  the  sun,  to  set,  /*/  pass 
beyond  the  mountains. 

Tramonto  m. ;  sunset. 

Tramort-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.  to  faint. 
2.  to  stun.  Aff.  -ime'nto. 

*Trampalare  (Trampolare) ;  to  walk  on  stilts. 

Trampal-o,  Trampol-o  m.  (M.H.G. 
trampeln,  v.  Trambelloni) ;  stilt.  Stare, 
Reggersi  sui  -i,  to  be  in  a  shaky  condi- 
tion of  health  or  finance. 

fTrampani  m.  pi. ;  —  Trampali,  stilts. 

Trampolieri  m.  pi.;  (ornith.)  the 
wader  birds,  Grallae. 

Trampolino  m.  (dim.  Trampolo) ; 
spring-board. 

Tramut-are  ind.  tramiito ;  i.  to 
move  the  position  of;  -arsi,  to  move 
from  one's  place ;  -arsi  di  casa,  to 
change  one's  residence.  2.  to  put 
(wine)  into  fresh  bottles,  re-bottle  it. 
Aff.  -a,  -amento,  -azione,  vbsbs. 

Tramutio  m. ;  continual  change  of  places. 

Tranare  ;  pop.  for  Trainare,  to  draw. 
tTrandugio  w.;=Indugio,  delay, 
t  Tranella  /;  i.  =  Pianella.     *  ii.  =  Tranello. 

Tranello  m.  ;  snare.  *As  adj., 
deceitful. 

Etym.  Prob.  a  contraction  <  **transin<-ltns, 
dim.  of  L.  transenna,  snare  for  birds,  which  Walde 
suggests  may  be  for  **  transcmna,  <  **  trans-ap  na, 
where  ap  is  the  stem  of  old  L.  aperf,  to  catch,  v. 
Skeat,  SHO  Apt. 

*  Tran-ghiottire,  *-glutire;=  Inghiottire. 
TranglayC  (cogn.  Fr.  trangle,  heraldic  \- 

var.  of  Tringle,  rod,  <  Dutch  tingel,  <  a  rool 
ing  "  to  tie");  (heraid.)  a  band  of  less  width 
Fascia,  it.  Burelle. 

Trangbsci  m.  pi.',  a  species  of  fungus. 

*  Trangosciare ;  to  be  full  of  anguish. 

Trangugi-are  (L.  tra-,  for  trans,  in, 
gurges,  cp.  Ingorgiare) ;  to  gulp  down. 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore. 

Tranne  (contr.  of  trai,  v.  Trarre, 
+  It.  ne);  except. 

Tranquill-amente,  -are  or  -izzare,  -ita, 
-o;  as  E. 

Etym.  L.  tranquiUus,  <  trans,  in  sense  of 
"  very  (>  Fr.  tres)  +  **  quilltts,  an  adj.  akin  to  L. 
qnies\  cp.  O.H.G.  itiilen  (>Germ.  weitcn,  to  linger), 
Icelandic  kvila,  bed  ;  v.  Skeat,  sub  While. 

Trans-alpino,  -atlantico;  as  E. 

Transatto ;  part.  Transigere.  *  As  sb_. :  i.  set- 
tlement, arrangement,  ii.  Lasciando  ogni  cosa  in 
— f  abandoning  all  his  affairs. 

Transazione  /  ;  agreement,  settle- 
ment, compromise. 

Transeat ;  Latinism  for  "  it  may  do  " 
or  "  let  it  go." 

*  Transegna  f. ;  =  Sopravveste. 

Transetto  m.  ;  =  Braccio  della  croce  di  Una 
chiesa,  transept. 

Transigere  ind.  transi'-go  -gi,  perf. 
transigei,  part,  transatto  (L.,  <  trans, 
agere,  to  act) ;  to  make  a  compromise. 

Transitare  ind.  transito;  to  pass  through. 

Transito  m.  (L.);    passing,  transit, 


heraldic  band,  a 
I  mean- 
than  a 


territory. 

*i.  death;  In — ,  at  the  point  of  death,  ii.  Com- 
battimento  a  tutto  — ,  fight  to  a  finish. 

Transit6ri-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -eta. 

Transizione/;;  transition. 

Translucid-o;  semi-transparent,     Aff.  -ita. 

Transmarine ;  —  Trasmarino. 

Transpadano;  beyond  the  Po. 

Transunto  m.  (L.  transumptitjn);  i.  excerpt. 
2.  certified  copy. 

Transunzi6ne  f.  (L.) ;  (gram.)  metalepsis, 
transference  of  name. 

Transustanzi-are,  -azione;  (M*0/.)  as  E. 

Tranvai  m.,  Tranvfa/^  (E.);  tram-omnibus. 

Trapal-are  ind.  trapalo ;  =  Paleggiare,  to  stake. 
Aff.  -atura. 

Trapan-are  ind.  trapano;  i.  to  pierce  with  an 
auger,  a.  (surg.)  to  trepan.  Aff.  -amento,  -atdre, 
-atora,  -atrice,  -atura,  -azione,  -\vfreq.  sb. 

Trapano  m.  (mlt.  trepanum,  <  Gr. 
rpviravov,  auger,  <  Tpvrrr;,  hole,  root  ter, 
to  pierce,  cp.  L.  terere,  to  rub) ;  i.  auger, 
brace.  2.  (surg.)  trephining  saw. 

Trapass-are;  i.  to  overstep,  over- 
pass. 2.  to  pass  on,  pass  by.  3.  to 
transfix.  4.  to  pass  by,  neglect.  5.  to 
pass  through.  6.  to  die.  7.  part,  -ato 
as  sb.  (gram.);  (a)  -ato  prossimo,  plu- 
perfect ;  (b)  -ato  remoto,preterpluperfect, 
Fr.  passe  antMeur,  a  tense  used  to  ex- 
press an  action  done  immediately  before 
another  action  occurred  ;  Tosto  che 
avemmo  scritto  i  nostri  temi  uscimmo, 
directly  we  had  written  our  exercises  we 
went  out.  This  tense  is  only  used  after 
the  expressions,  Tosto  che,  Appena, 
Quando,  and  Quanto  prima.  Aff. 
-abile,  -amento. 

Trapass-p  m. ;  i.  passage,  transition; 
Di  Spagna  e  il  —  in  Libia,  Spain  affords 
a  passage  into  Libya.  2.  -i  sociali, 
periods  of  social  transition.  3.  transfer 
of  personal  property  to  a  purchaser; 
Fare  il  — ,  to  execute  the  transfer. 
4.  in  a  horse,  half-canter. 

Trapelare  ind.  trape'lo  (tra-,  prefix 
-fit.  pelo,  crack,  as  it  were,  to  exude 
from  a  crack);  i.  to  trickle.  2.  to  pro- 
vide an  extra  horse,  v.  Trapelo,  or  of 
the  horse  itself,  to  serve  in  this  way, 
the  horse  being  regarded  as  having 
trickled  out  from  the  team.  *to  slip 
away,  slink  off. 

Trapelo  m. ;  extra  horse  attached 
where  the  road  is  steep  or  very  bad,  v. 
Trapelare  (2). 

*Trapensare;  to  think  earnestly. 
Trapestio  m. ;  pop.  for  Trepestio,  trampling. 
Trapezio    m.    (L.,  <  Gr.   rpaTretJioy,   dim.   of 
rpaire^a,  table,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Trapezium) ;  i.  {geom.) 
trapezium.     2.  trapeze,  horizontal  bar  swinging  from 
two  ropes.     3    (anat.)  trapezium  bone  of  the  carpus. 
4.  as  adj.,  (anat.)  Muscofo  — ,  the  trapezius  muscle. 

Trapezdide  sb.  in.  or  adj. ;  as  E. 
*Trapezzita  in.  (L.,<Gr.);  money-changer. 
*Trapezzo  m. ;=Trapezio. 

Trapiant-are ;  to  transplant.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

Trapiant-at6io  m. ;  gardener's 
trowel. 

Trapp-a  /  (A)  (O.H.G.  trapd,  trap, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Trap);  (mar.)  i.  —  di 
boccaporto,  hatch-bar.  2.  -e  per  care- 
nare  una  nave,  relieving  tackles. 

(B) ;  the  Trappist  Order,  so  named  from  the 
abbey  of  La  Trappe  in  Normandy,  where  trapan  is 
a  local  word  meaning  ascent,  from  the  same  origin 


as  Trappa  (A);  N8tre  Dame  de  la  trappe,  Our  Lady 
of  the  ascent. 

*  Trappare ;  =  Trappolare. 
tTrappiare ;  — Trapelare. 

Trappista  /;/.;  Trappist  monk. 

Trapp6co  or  Tra  pbco;  in  a  short 
time. 

Trappol-a  /  (a  dim.  form  <  O.H.G. 
trapd,  v.  Trappa);  I.  pitfall  or  other 
kind  of  trap.  2.  fig.  falsehood.  Aff. 
-are,  -atore,  -en'a  trickery. 

Trappolino  m.  (var.  of  Trampolino); 
i.  sloping  board  used  in  the  game  of 
Pallone  for  taking  a  start.  2.  a  short- 
ened set  decided  generally  by  winning 
two  games.  3.  an  old  name  for  Ar- 
lecchino. 

Trappol6n-e  ;«.,  -a  / ;  one  who  is 
always  setting  traps  for  people. 

•Trapun-gere  perf.  -si,  part,  -to;  i.  to  pierce 
with  a  needle,  ii.  part,  -to,  emaciated. 

Trapuntare  (It;  punto,  stitch) ;  to 
embroider. 

Trapunto ;  i.  sync.  part,  of  Tra- 
puntare. 2.  as  sb.,  embroidery.  *  = 
Strapunto,  quilt. 

*Trariparsi;  i.  to  fall  over  the  edge  of  a 
precipice.  ii.  to  pass  across  from  one  bank  to 
another. 

*Trarompere;  i.  to  interrupt,    ii.  to  discomfit. 

Trarre  ind.  traggo  traggi  or  trai 
trae  traggiamo  or  traidmo  tradte  trag- 
gono,  imperf.  traevo,  perf.  trassi  traesti 
trasse  trae'mmo  trae'ste  trassero,  fut. 
trarro,  subj.  tragga  traiamo  trai<tte  trdg- 
gano,  parts,  traente  tratto  traendo;  i.  to 
draw,  to  drag.  2.  (com.)  to  draw  (a 
bill).  3.  intr.  to  come  together,  come 
towards  some  point  of  interest;  Traean 
al  tempio,  people  flocked  towards  the 
temple.  4.  to  throw;  A  un  trar  di 
mano,  within  a  stone's  throw;  II  dado 
e  tratto,  the  die  is  cast. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc,.  and  Fr.  traire.  Span. 
traer,  <.blt.  **  tragere,  corresponding  to  L.  trahere, 
which  is  either  from  a  root  dkragno(>  A.S.  dragan, 
to  drag)  or  frum  the  parallel  root  tragh,  cp.  A.S. 
thrag,  a  running  course,  thragan,  to  run,  O.H.G. 
drigil,  slave,  lit.  one  who  runs  on  messages,  akin  to 
E.  thrall,  v.  Walde,  sab  Traho,  Skeat,  sub  Thrall. 

*Trarupare;  to  be  precipitated. 

*Trarupo  m.',  rocky  precipice. 

Tras-  ;  a  prefix  meaning  across.  For  derivation 
v.  Tra  (B). 

Trasalire  ind.  trasalgo,  ecc.,  v.  Sa- 
lire ;  to  start,  give  a  start  of  surprise. 

*  Trasaltare ;  to  give  a  great  jump. 

Trasand-are ;  to  neglect.  Aff. 
-ame'nto. 

*  Trasattarsi ;  to  take  possession  of. 

Trasbdrdo  m. ;  transhipment. 
Trasce'gliere,  or  Trasc^rre  ind.  tras- 
celgo,  ecc.,  v.  Scegliere ;  to  pick  out. 

Trasceglime'nto  m.^  Trascelta  / ; 
choice. 

Trascendental-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -ismo,  -mente. 
Trascendenza/!;  excessive  amount. 
Trascend-ere;    to  transcend.     *to  rise  past, 
rise  faster  than.     Ajf.  -imento. 

Trascdrre;  v.  Trascegliere. 
tTrascicare    (bit.   'tragican,  11.  Trascinare) ; 
=  Strascicare,  to  trail. 

tTrascina/i;  T.  Trachino. 

Trascin-are  /«</.  trascino  (bit.  **tra- 
ginare,  dim.  of  tragere,  v.  Trarre) ;  to 
drag  along.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -10. 


TRASCOLARE— TRATTORE 


633 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Tra-  or  Tras-  see  the  simple  word. 
•Trascolare;=Trapelare,  todrip.  to  shine  out,  be  obvious  ;  Da  ogni  sua 

Trascolor-are   ind.    trasco!6ro  ;    to      parola  traspariva  odio,  his  hatred  was 
change  colour.     Aff.  -amento.  seen  in  every  word  he  spoke.     3.  part. 

s6., 


Trasc6rrere  perf.  trascor-si,  part. 
-so;  i.  to  run  hastily  over,  pass  hastily 
through.  2.  of  time,  to  pass  by,  run 
out.  3.  fig-  to  go  too  far,  e.g.  in  speak- 
ing. 4.  to  pass  over,  leave  out  of  con- 
sideration. 5.  Vite  trascorsa,  vine  with 
too  much  leaf,  usu.  spigata.  *to  run 
past,  D.  Inf.  25.  34. 

Aff.  Trascorr-evole  transient,  -imento. 

*  Trascotato ;  =  Tracotato,  outrageous. 
Trascrit-t6re  m.,  -trice/.;  transcriber. 
Trascri-vere  perf.  -ssi,  fart,  -tto;   to  tran- 
scribe.    Aff.  -zione. 

Trascur-abile ;  negligible,  -aggine 
f. ;  indifference,  -anza/  ;  carelessness. 
-are ;  to  disregard,  neglect,  -ato ;  care- 
less, -ataccio;  pegg.  -ataggine  /; 
habitual  carelessness,  -atamente;  care- 
lessly, -at^zza  f. ;  culpable  careless- 
ness. 

*Trascutato;  i.q.  Trascotato. 

Trasecol-are  ind.  trasecolo;  to  be 
amazed,  lit.  to  pass  out  of  the  world. 
Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Trasfer-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  transfer.  Aff.  -[bile, 
-iroento,  -ta  st>. 

Trasfigur-are  ind.  trasfiguro,  or  -ire  ind. 
-isco ;  to  transfigure.  Aff.  -amento,  -azione. 

Trasf6nd-ere  perf.  trasfusi,  part. 
trasfuso ;  to  transfuse.  Aff.  -ibile. 

Trasform-are  ind.  trasformo;  to  transform. 
Aff.  -abile,  -abilita,  -atamente,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice, 
-azidne. 

Trasformismo  »i. :  i.  theory  of  the  variability 
of  species.  2.  Jig.  sprcg.,  transformation  of  political 
parties. 

*Trasfug-a  m. ;  deserter.     *-are;  =  Trafugare. 

*  Trasfumare  ;  =  Sfumare. 
TrasfusioneyC;  transfusion. 

*Trasgogliare ;  to  strangle. 

Trasgred-ire  ind.  -isco;  to  trans- 
gress. Aff.  -ime'nto,  -it6re,  -itrice. 

Trasgress-i6ne/:;  as  E.  Aff.  -ioncella  dim. , 
-ore. 

Traslat-are;  i.  to  translate.  2.  to 
transfer.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -amento,  -ativo, 
-o  metaphorical,  *-ore,  -atorio  (motion) 
of  translation. 

Tras-lazi6ne,  -literazidne ;  as  E. 

Trasloc-are  ind.  trasloco,  -hi ;  to 
transfer  (an  official).  Aff.  -amdnto, 
-azi6ne,  -o,  sb. 

Trasmarino,  Transmarine;  as  E. 

Trasme'tt-ere  perf.  trasmisi,  part. 
trasmesso ;  to  transmit.  Aff.  -itore. 

Trasmigr-are ;  to  migrate.  Aff.  -amento, 
-azione  transmigration. 

.  Trasmiss-ibile,  -ibilita,  -i6ne,  -ivo;  as  E. 

Trasmod-are  ind.  trasmodo;  to 
overstep  proper  bounds.  Aff.  -azidne, 
-atamdnte. 

Trasmut-are ;  to  transmute.  Aff. 
-abile,  -azi6ne,  -eVole  readily  trans- 
mutable. 

Trasogn-are  ind.  tras6gno ;  to  think 
dreamily.  Aff.  -amento. 

Traspadano ;  north  of  the  Po. 

Trasparen-te,  -za;  as  E. 

Trasparire  ind.  trasparisco  or  tras- 
paro,  ecc.,  v.  Apparire;  i.  to  be  visible 
through  some  transparent  body.  2.  fig. 

H. 


trasparente  as  so.,  transparency,  i.e. 
arrangement  of  transparent  materials, 
e.g.  for  decoration. 

Traspir-are;  i.  to  perspire  slightly. 
2.  fig.  to  transpire,  leak  out.  3.  of 
plants,  to  exhale.  Aff.  -abile,  -azione. 

Traspdrre  ind.  tras-pongo  -poni  ecc., 
v.  Porre ;  to  transpose. 

Trasport-are    ind.    traspftrto  ;    to    transport. 
Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o,  sb. 
Trasposizi6n-e  /;  as  E.    Aff.  -cella  dint. 
Trasp6sto  \  fart.  Trasporre. 
*Trassalimento  «.;  =  Valico,  passage. 

Trassinare  ind.  trassino  (Tar.  of 
Trascinare);  i.  to  ill-use,  mishandle. 
2.  to  torment,  pester. 

*i.=  Maneggiare,  to  handle,  ii.  —  Praticare,  to 
practise. 

Traste'ver-e  »t. ;  Rome  across  the 
Tiber.  Aff.  -mo. 

•Trasto  m.  (A)  (L.  transtrum,  v.  Skeat,  sui 
Transom);  i.  central  part  of  a  gondola,  ii.  thwart 
of  a  boat.  t(B)=Contrasto. 

•Trastravato;  (vet.)  v.  *  Balzano  (iv). 

Trastull-are ;  to  amuse  (a  child). 
-arsi  to  play.  *to  gladden,  D.  Par. 
9-  76. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  stullan,  to  stand  still  (akin  to 
A.S.  stillan.  v.  Skeat,  sub  Stiil),  with  prefix  tra-,  v. 
Tra-. 

Trastull-£tto  tii. ;  dim.  of  -o.    -evole  ;  v.  -are. 

Trastull-fno  m. ;  i.  dim.  -o,  toy.  2. 
in  //.,  melon  seeds,  roasted  and  salted. 

Trastull-0  m.  •  i.  toy.  2.  as  adj., 
Erba  -a,  vain  promises;  Tener  a  erba 
-a,  to  keep  a  person  amused,  neither 
giving  nor  refusing  what  he  asks. 

tTrastusc6ca/;  diarrhoea. 

Trasud-are ;  to  transude.  Aff. 
-ame'nto,  -azione. 

Trasumanare  ;  to  transcend  humanity. 
•Trasunto  m.  ;=Sunto,  summary. 
*Trasverberato;  reverberated. 

Trasversal-e;  i.  as  E.  2.  Linea  — , collateral 
line  of  relationship.  Aff.  -m6nte. 

*  Trasverso ;  oblique. 

*  Tras  viare ;  =  Traviare. 

Trasvolare  ind.  trasvolo;  to  fly 
over. 

Tratta/;  i.  tug.  2.  Dare  la  —  al- 
1'  acqua,  to  open  the  sluice  gates.  3. 
(/tf£/.)  =  forma,  throng.  4.  seine-net.  5. 
drawing  (candidates  for  office).  6.  —  de' 
negri,  slave  trade.  7.  (com.)  bill,  draft. 

*i.  licence  to  export  goods,  ii.  handle  of  a  lute 
where  the  strings  are  fastened,  iii.  space,  distance 
traversed. 

Trattabil-e;  i.  easily  worked.  2. 
susceptible  of  literary  treatment.  3. 
tractable.  Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

*Trattamellino  m.  ;=Frustino,  dandy. 

Trattam6nto  m.  •  i.  treatment. 
2.  allowance  of  food  ;  Migliorare  il  — , 
to  improve  the  feeding;  Dare  — ,  to 
provide  meals ;  Tutto  — ,  full  board  and 
lodging. 

*  i.  =  Trattato,  treatise,     ii.  =Pratica,  negotiation, 
iii.  =  Macchinazione,  intriguing. 

Trattare  ( L.  tractare,  freq.  of  tra- 
here,v.  Trarre);  i.  to  treat.  2.  to  have 
an  intrigue  with  a  woman.  3.  — con, 
to  frequent  the  society  of. 


For  the  prefix  see  Tra-  in  loco. 

Trattario  m. ;  (com.)  drawee  of  a 
bill  of  exchange. 

Trattat-ello,  -ino ;  dims,  of  -o. 
Trattatista  ;«. ;  essayist. 


Trattativa/ ;  negotiation. 
Trattato  m.  •  i.  treatise.    2.  treaty. 

Tratt-at6re,  -azidne;  vbsbs.  of -are. 

Tratteggi-are  ind.  tratte"ggip;  i.  to 
draw  lines  of  ornament,  outlines  of 
fresco  painting,  etc.  2.  to  etch.  3.  to 
tell  a  story  picturesquely. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atura,  -o,  sb. 

Tratten-6re  ind.  trattengo  trattieni 
ecc.,  v.  Tenere;  i.  to  restrain,  to  stop, 
to  hold  (one's  breath).  2.  to  detain. 
3.  to  stop,  keep  back  (salaries).  4.  -ersi 
to  remain  (at  a  place). 

Aff.  -im^nto,  -itore,  -itora,  -itrice,  -uta. 

Tratto  m. ;  i.  distance,  either  of 
time  or  space;  II  sasso  cadde  a  mezzo 
il — ,  the  stone  did  not  go  half  the 
distance;  Ci  corre  un  buon — ,  there  is 
a  good  distance  between ;  -  retto, 
straight  reach  in  a  river ;  Di  qui  a 
che  venga  c'  e  un  buon  — ,  it  will  be  a 
long  time  before  he  comes.  2.  a  dis- 
tance of  quality ;  Da  questo  a  que- 
st' altro  lavoro  ci  corre  un  gran — ,  there 
is  a  vast  difference  between  this  piece 
of  work  and  that.  3.  passage,  in  a  piece 
of  writing.  4.  A  grandi,  or  larghi,  -i, 
in  broad  strokes;  Gli  fece  a  larghi  -i 
il  quadro  delle  condizione  d'  Italia,  he 
drew  for  him  in  broad  strokes  a  picture 
of  Italian  conditions.  5.  — di  corda, 
tightening  of  a  torturer's  rope,  to  extort 
a  confession.  6.  Dare  il  —  alia  bilancia, 
to  incline  the  balance.  7.  manner,  be- 
haviour ;  Ha  un  —  signorile,  he  has  the 
bearing  of  a  gentleman.  8.  Dare  i  -i, 
to  be  at  the  point  of  death,  lit.  to  give 
the  (last)  twitches.  9.  Ad  un — ,  In 
un  — ,  or  Tutt'  a  un  — ,  all  of  a  sudden. 
10.  Fare  piu  cose  a  un  — ,  to  do  more 
than  one  thing  at  a  time.  ii.  In  un 
— ,  quickly ;  Vo  e  torno  in  un  —  ,1  shall 
be  there  and  back  again  in  no  time. 

12.  A  un  —  or  Un — ,  with  an  imperf. 
subj.  perchance;   Zitti!    un  —  ci  sen- 
tisse,  hush !    we   might   be   overheard. 

13.  Di  primo  — ,  at  once,  straight  away. 
14    Di  —  in — ,  or  -   — ,  from  time  to 
time.     15.    Innanzi  — ,  first  of  all  (usu. 
Innanzi  tutto).     16.  — d' unione,  for  the 
Fr.  trait  d'union,  hyphen ;  the  proper 
Italian  term  is  Lineetta  or  Stanghetta. 
17.   Aver—,  to  relate;    Question!  che 
hanno  —  al    pubblico    bene,     matters 
affecting   the    common    weal.      1 8.    as 
part.,  v.  Trarre. 

*i.  =  Seguito,  sequel,  ii.  =  Colpo,  blow.  iii.  = 
Tiro,  trick,  iv.  Bel  — ,  good  idea.  v.  =  Motto, 
witticism,  vi.  occasion,  vii.  =  Tratta,  trade,  viii.  Non 
ne  poter  levar  — ,  to  be  unable  to  win  against, 
ix.  Vincerla  del  — ,  to  be  beforehand  with.  x.  Un 
—  !  stop  a  moment !  xi.  Per  un  — ,  =  Per  una 
volta. 

Trattone ;  =  Tranne,  except. 

Tratt6re  m.  (A) ;  silk  manufacturer, 
v.  Trattura. 

(B)  (sync,  for  Trattatore) ;  eating- 
house  keeper. 

80 


634 


TRATTORELLO— TREGENDA 


For  derivation  of  compounds  beginning  with  Tra-  or  Tras-  see  the  simple  word.     For  the  prefix  see  Tra-  in  loco. 


Trattorell-o,  -ino,  -uccio,  dims, 
spreg.  of  Trattore. 

Trattoria/  (It.  trattare);  eating- 
house.  *  =  Trattura. 

*  Trattoso ;  i.  v.  Tratto  (9).     ii.  smart,  witty. 

Trattura  /  (It.  trarre);  I.  silk- 
throwing.  2.  silk  factory. 

Tratturo  m.  (L.  tractorius,  <  tra- 
here) ;  cattle-track. 

*  Traudire  ;  to  hear  wrong  or  imperfectly. 
Traulismo  m,  (Gr.);  lisping. 
Traumatico(Gr.);  i.  as  E.    2.  as  i*.,  healing 

ointment. 

Travagli-are  (for  etym.,  v.  Tra- 
vaglio);  i.  to  work  hard.  2.  tr.  to  vex, 
to  trouble. 

*  i.    to  change  ;   A  me  si  -ava,  kept  changing  its 
appearance  to  me,  D.  Par.  33.  114,  where  the  sense 
is  that  "  the  semblance  of  God,  though  ever  one  in 
itself,  appeared  to  Dante  to  undergo  changes  in  pro- 
portion to  the  difference  there  was   in  his  varying 
powers   of   vision "   (Vernon,    Readings  on    Dante), 
ii.  to  smuggle  out  of  sight,  as  a  juggler  may.    iii.  to 
deal  with ;  Mentre  che  in  Romagna  le  cose  secondo 
questo  ordine  si   travagliavano,   while   things  were 
being  managed  in  this  fashion  in  the  Romagna.^ 

Aff.  -atr.ento,  -atamente,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice 
(-atora  also  had  the  meaning  of  juggler,  v.  supra, 
•ii). 

Travagli-o  m. ;  i.  work.  2.  pain, 
esp.  the  pains  of  women  in  labour.  3. 
distress.  4.  frame  for  confining  restive 
horses.  Aff.  -osamente,  -6so,  -uccio. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  trabalks,  Fr.  travail, 
Span,  trabajo,  either  <  bit.  trepalium,  a  kind  of 
rack  for  torturing  (perhaps  made  of  three  beams, 
tra  fall),  or  <  bit.  **  tratactilum,  <  L.  trabs,  beam, 
v.  Trave,  cp.  L.  trabalc,  axle-tree. 

The  vo.  Travagliare,  to  labour,  may  be  either 
from  the  sb.  or  an  independent  formation  from  a 
bit.  prototype  ** trabaculare  or  *' trepaliare',  the 
cognate  forms  are  Provenc..  trebalkar,  ("r.  travailler, 
Span,  trabajar.  In  the  obsolete  senses  of  changing, 
smuggling  away,  handling,  the  origin  is  probably 
different,  viz.  <  tra-  prefix  and  It.  vaglio,  sieve. 

Travalic-are  ind.  travalico,  -hi;  i. 
to  cross.  2.  to  pass  on.  *to  transgress. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Travam6nto  m.  (It.  trave,  there  is 
no  vb.  travare) ;  quantity  of  beams. 
fTravanzare  ;  =  Oltrepassare. 

Travas-are;  to  transfer  from  one 
vessel  to  another.  Aff.  -amento,  -o,  sb. 

Travata/;  i.  framework  of  beams. 
2.  barricade.  3.  raft. 

Travato ;  i.  made  of  timber.  2. 
(vet.)  v.  *  Balzano  (ii). 

Travatura/ ;  roof-timbers. 

Trave  /  (L.  trabs) \  beam,  rafter, 
girder. 

Traved-6re  ind.  tra-vedo  or  -vdggo, 
•v.  Vedere ;  to  see  imperfectly.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

Trayeggole  (Travvegole)/  pi. ;  dis- 
torted vision. 

*Travenare;  =  Trapelare,  to  trickle. 
*Travenire  ;  =  Cadere  in  eredita,  to  fall  in. 
tTraventare;  =  Scaraventare,  to  hurl, 
t  Traventere  ;  =  Mandare,  Tirare. 

Traversa  /. ;  i.  cross-bar,  cross- 
piece,  put-log  of  a  scaffolding.  2.  cross- 
road. 3.  (mus.)  German  flute.  4.  (fortif.) 
traverse.  5.  cross-head  of  a  piston. 

*i.  back-hand  blow.     ii.  untoward  event. 

Travers-are  ind.  traverso ;  to  cross.  —  I1  an- 
cora.to  fish  the  anchor.  Aff.  -ata. 

Travers-itta,  -ettina.  -ettino;  dims,  of -a. 


Traversfa  /;  i.  wind  blowing 
straight  into  a  port.  2.  fig.  untoward 
event. 

Traversiere  /  //. ;  (mar.)  cross- 
trees. 

Traversfna/ ;  railway-sleeper. 

Traversin-o  /«. ;  i.  guarding-piece, 
cross-piece,  brace.  2.  -i  delle  valvole, 
valve-guards.  3.  (mar.)  (a)  breast-rope. 
(o)  stud  of  a  chain-cable  link,  (c)  — 
del  portello,  port-bar  fitted  across  a 
port  to  which  a  port-lid  may  be  lashed. 

Travers-o;  i.  transverse,  cross.  2. 
Guardare  a  — ,  to  throw  a  nasty  look 
upon.  3.  Pigliare  le  parole  a  — ,  to  put 
a  spiteful  meaning  upon  what  is  said ; 
Rispondere  a — ,  to  give  a  cross  answer. 
4.  Dare  or  Andare — ,  to  be  ship- 
wrecked. 5.  Via  -a,  cross-road.  6.  Lungo 
tre  dita  -e,  three  finger-lengths  wide. 

7.  (/^rj.)  =  Complesso,   robust,  tough. 

8.  Caso  — ,  untoward  incident.    9.  Mare 
— ,  rough  sea.     10.    Di — ,  across,     ii. 
Per   diritto   e  per — ,  indiscriminately. 
1 2.  as  sb.,  =  Traversone  (3).     1 3.  as  adv., 
crosswise. 

Travers6ne  m.;  i.  cross-piece  be- 
tween the  shafts  of  a  cart.  2.  (mar.) 
nor1  caster.  3.  in  fencing,  cross-thrust. 
*as  adv.,  —  or  In — ,  obliquely. 

Travertine  m.  (L.  tiburtinus,  stone 
of  Tibur) ;  as  E.  It  is  a  limestone 
formed  by  springs  holding  lime  in  solu- 
tion. 

Tra  vest-ire  ind.  travesto;  i.  to  dis- 
guise. 2.  to  travesty.  ^;-imento,-itura. 

Travet  (pronounced  as  a  French 
word)  or  Travetti;  Un  povero — ,  a 
poor  clerk,  from  the  name  of  a  cha- 
racter by  Bersezio  in  Le  disgrazie  del 
Signor  Travet. 

Travett-a,  -ina;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Trave. 

*  Travettare  ;  to  cross  the  ridge,  v.  Vett.i. 

Travi-are  ind.  travfo  travi'i ;  to  lead, 
or  intr.  to  go,  astray.  Aff-  -amento, 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Travicell-o  m.  (dim.  Trave);  joist. 
Re — ,  King  log,  in  the  fable.  Star  a 
contar  i  -i,  to  lie  in  bed,  be  lazy,  //'/.  to 
lie  counting  the  joists.  Aff.  -e"tto,  -ino 
dims.,  -one  augm. 

Travirare;  i.  (war.)  to  veer  too  far, 
v.  Virare.  2.  to  give  too  sharp  a  curve 
to  a  piece  of  timber. 

Travis-are;  i.  =  Travestire.  2.  to 
distort  (history).  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

*Traviso>«.;  mask. 

*  Travito  m. ;  palisaded  enclosure. 

Trav61g-ere  ind.  travdlgo  -i,  v.  Vol- 
gere;  I.  to  upset,  throw  into  confusion. 
2.  =  Stravolgere,  to  distort  the  meaning 
of.  3.  —  gli  occhi,  to  roll  the  eyes. 
4.  part.  Travolto,  upside  down.  Aff. 
-ime'nto. 

*  Traweggole  ;  v.  Traveggole. 

Trazidne  /  (L.  tractio,  v.  Trarre) ; 
traction.  Rete  di  — ,  seine-net. 

Tre  (L.  ires,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Three) ; 
three. 


*Treagio  ;  v.  Quattragio. 

Trealberi  m. ;  (mar.)  three-masted 
ship. 

•Trebbia/  (L.  tribvlum,  v.  Tribbiare);  i.  pop. 
for  Tribbia,  threshing,     ii.  an  instrument  of  torture. 
Trebbiano   (L.    Trebulanum    in    Campania) ; 
name  of  a  variety  of  grape  and  wine. 

Trebbi-are  ind.  trdbbio  (var.  of 
Tribbiare);  i.  to  thresh.  2.  Jig.  to 
torment.  Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

*  Trebbio  m.  (A)  (L.  tribulum) ;  =  Erpice,  harrow. 
(B)  (L.   triviuni) ;   i.    place   where  three  roads 

meet.     ii.    group  of  people,     iii.    plaything. 

Trebelli-ana,  -anica/;  (leg.)  the  fourth  part 
which  the  heir-at-law  might  retain  for  himself  when 
handing  over  property  in  trust. 

Trebentfna  /;=Trementina,  tur- 
pentine. 

Trebisdnda  ;  (geogr.)  Trebizond,  on  the  Black 
Sea. 

*Trebuco  m. ;  —  Trabucco,  mangonel. 

tTrecc-a./;  market-woman.    Aff.  *-aiuota  dim. 

•Treccare  (cogn.  Provenc.  tricar,  old  Fr. 
trickier,  >  Fr.  trictier;  either  <O.H.G.  trekan  or 

<  bit.  **  triccare,  <  L.  tricare,  v.   Distrigare,  and 
Skeat.  sub  Treachery,  Trick) ;   to  trick. 

*  Treccheria  y: ;  trickery. 

Treccia/;  i.  tress.  2.  reed-plait- 
ing as  a  protection  round  glass  bottles. 
3.  straw-plaiting  for  making  hats.  4. 
plaited  lining  of  straw  or  fern,  fixed 
round  underground  storage  places  for 
corn,  to  keep  out  the  damp.  5.  (mar.) 
i.q.  Trinella,  sennit ;  -  -  a  torticcio, 
French  sennit ;  —  di  canapa,  gasket. 

*  i.  =  Resta,  string  of  figs.     ii.    In  — ,  (woman) 
with  no  hat  on.     iii.    team  of  cattle  for  threshing 
with  the  Tribbio. 

Etym.  dub.  Cogn.  Provenc,  tressa,  treza,  Fr. 
tresse,  Span,  trenza,  Portug.  tranfa,  old  Ital. 
trezzti  \  of  L.  origin,  but  exact  source  uncertain. 
The  original  sense  is  plait.  Diez  traces  it  to  bit. 
**  trickta,  <  Gr.  Tpc'^o,  three-fold,  cp.  triiia,  lace, 

<  L.  trinus,  v.  Skeat  (ed.  1910),  stio  Tress.     Kdrting 
does  not  accept  Diez's  suggestion,  preferring  to  refer 
the  word  to  a  vb.  **  trectiart  {var.  of  **  tractiare), 
or  **  trictiare  <  **  triccare  (v.  Treccare).    He  makes 
the  Span,  and  Portuguese  forms  verbal  substantives, 

<  verbs  trenzar,  trancar,  corresponding  to  a  form 
**  trmitiare.     Lastly  he  suggests  L.  tertiare  as  a 
possible  source,  a  word  however  which  is  known 
only  in  connection  with  ploughing,  v.  Terzare. 

Trecciai-a./,  -o  m.;  v.  Trecciaiol-a,  -o. 

Trecciai61-a  /,  -o  m. ;  straw-plait 
maker. 

*TreccierayT;  bow  of  ribbon. 

Treccino  m. ;  dim.  Treccia,  the  small 
plait  for  beginning  a  piece  of  straw- 
plaiting. 

tTreccidlo  >n.;  =  Nastro,  Cintolo. 
*TreccolayI;=Trecca,  market-woman. 
•Treccolero  ;«.  (It.  treccare);  cheat, 

*  Treccolo  in.  (v.  Trecca)  ;  costermonger. 

Trecc6n-e  ;«.,  -a  f. ;  costermonger, 
v.  Truccone  (2). 

Trecentesimo;  three-hundredth. 

Trecent-o;  three  hundred.  II—, 
the  fourteenth  century,  generally  with 
reference  to  its  art.  Aff.  -ista  artist  of 
that  period,  -istico. 

Trecidlo  m. ;  metathesis  of  Cetriolo,  cucumber. 
Tr4dic-i  ;   thirteen.     Ajf.  -enne  thirteen  years 
old,  -esimo  thirteenth,  -ina  set  of  thirteen. 
Trefdglio ;  -a.  Trifoglio. 

TreTolo  /«.  (prob.  <  L.  **tri-filum, 
triple  thread);  tangled  thread.  *twisted 
fibre  for  rope-making. 

Tregenda  f. ;  i .  troop  of  demons  or 
witches.  Andare  in  — ,  to  go  on  a 
witches'  frolic.  2.  by  ext.,  throng  of 
people. 

Etym.  unkn.    The  only  derivation  given  is  that 


TREGGEA— TRIBORDO 


635 


by  Diez  <  L.  trecenta,  which  is  inconsistent  with  the 
meaning,  especially  with  the  meaning  assigned  by 
Florio,  viz.  witch,  not  troop  of  witches.  Can  it  be 
connected  in  any  way  with  Strega?  For  a  similar 
loss  of  s  cp.  Tribordo. 

"Treggeay^  (fogn.  Fr.  dragee,  Proven^,  dragea, 
Span,  dragea,  grajea,  Portug.  gragen,  grangea,  < 
L.  tragemata,  =  Gr.  Tpay^/xara,  sweetmeats,  cp. 
Tptdytit,  to  gnaw,  and  aorist  e-rpayoc) ;  sugar-plum. 

tTre"gghia,  Tre"glia;  v.  Triglia. 

Tre'ggi-a  /  (prob.  <  L.  trahea,< 
trahere,  v.  Trarre) ;  sledge.  Aff.  -ata 
load  on  a  sledge,  -atore  sledge-driver, 
-6ne  augm.,  *-uolo  dim. 


Tre'gua  (Triegua)  f.  (cogn.  Provenc. 
treva,  trega,  old  Fr.  tri-ue,  Fr.  treve, 
Span,  tregua,  mil.  tregua,  <  O.H.G. 
triva,  or  treuwa,  akin  to  A.S.  treow,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Truce,  True);  truce.  — di 
Dio,  truce  of  God  :  in  the  nth  and  I2th 
centuries,  a  cessation  of  private  feuds 
from  Wednesday  evening  to  Monday 
morning  in  each  week  during  Advent 
and  Lent  and  on  crrtain  other  holy 
days.  Posta  in  tregue,  rendered  power- 
less, D.  Purg.  17.  75. 

Tre-  or  Tri-lingaggio  (Strelingaggip)  m. 
(cogn.  Fr.  trflingage,  prob.  <  L.  trilinguis,  the 
ends  of  the  ropes  being  regarded  as  tongues,  with 
suffix  =  L.  .aticum)'t  (mar.)  lashing,  but  now  only 
used  in  pi.  -i,  cat-harpings,  bracing  up  the  shrouds 
of  the  lower  mast,  usually  termed  Trinche  delte 
sartie. 

Treluccare  (cogn.  Fr.  trtlucher, 
Span,  trasluchar,  prob.  <  Low  Germ. 
luken,  to  pull,  with  prefix  tra-,  v.  supra 
Tra- ;  for  luken,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Lug) ; 
(mar.)  to  jibe,  said  of  the  shifting  of  a 
boomsail  from  one  side  of  a  vessel  to 
the  other  when  sailing  before  the  wind. 

Trema  rn.  (Gr.  rpf}/ia,  hole,  pip  on  a 
die,  root  ter,  to  pierce) ;  mark  of  diae- 
resis. 

Tremac&re  m.  ;  trepidation. 
t  Tremaglio ;  v.  Tramaglio. 

Tremare  ind.  tremo  (L.  tremere,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tremble) ;  to  quiver.  Come 
sole  in  viso  che  piu  trema,  like  the 
effect  of  the  sun  on  the  sight  that  most 
trembles,  i.e.  as  it  is  impossible  to  see 
on  coming  out  from  a  dark  place  into 
bright  sunlight,  D.  Par.  30.  25. 

Tremar-  or  Tremer-ella/ ;  nervous 
anxiety. 

Trem-ebindo;  trembling,    -efatto;  terrified. 
Tremella/;  (bot.)=  Setino  (3). 
Tremend-amente,  -o  ;  as  E. 

Trementfna  (Trebentina)/  (L.  tere- 
binthina,  11.  Terebinto) ;  turpentine. 

Tremerella ;  v.  Tremarella. 
*Tremeste;  any  grain  taking  three  months  to 
grow. 

Tremil-a;  three  thousand.     Aff.  -esimo. 
*  Tremisse  m. ;  an  ancient  coin,  the  L.  tremissis. 
Tremit-0    m.    (I..,    v.    Tremare);    trembling. 
Aff.  -\ajreq. 

Tremola/  ;  =  Torpedine,  electric  ray 

(fish). 

Tremol-are  ind.  tremolo  (dim.  of 
Tremare);  to  tremble,  (tot.)  -anti  e 
pennini,  v.  Pennine  (3).  Aff.  -am6nto. 

Tremolin-a  /.,  -o  m. ;  (bot.)  quaking  grass,  ?'. 
Tentennino  (3). 

Tremolfo  m.;freq.  sb.  of  Tremolare. 

Tremolo;  i.  v.  Tremulo.  2.  (bot.) 
aspen,  v.  Pioppo  (e).  3.  Pesce  — , 
electric  ray,  it.  Torpedine  (i). 


Tremol6ne  ;  augm.  Tremolo  (i). 
Tremrjre  tn. ;  as  E. 
Tremotio  m. ;  uproar,  row. 
Tremdto  nt. ;  pt>p.  for  Terremoto,  earthquake, 
esp.  \nfig.  sense  of  blunder-headed,  restless  creatuie. 

Tremula  /;  (tot.)  aspen,  v.  Pi- 
oppo (e). 

Tremulo,  Tremolo;  i.  as  E.    2.  (mns.)as.  sb., 
the  tremolo  stop  in  an  organ. 
tTrenfiare  ;  =  Tronfiare. 

Treno  m.  (A)  (Fr.  train,  v.  Traino, 
etym.);  i.  train.  2.  smart  get-up.  3. 
Darsi  — ,  to  give  oneself  airs. 

(B)  (Gr.  dpijvos,  <  Spfofiai,  to  cry 
aloud,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Drone);  lamen- 
tation. 

Trenbde  /  pi.  ;=Prefiche,  hired 
mourners. 

Trenodia/.  (Gr.,  v.  Treno,  B);  threnody. 

Trenta  (cogn.  Fr.  trente,  Proven;,  and  Span. 
trenta,  <  L.  triginla,  <  ires,  three,  -ginta,  ten,  v. 
Venti);  thirty. 

*Trentancannay:;=Befana,  bogey. 

Trent-aseesimo ;  thirty-sixth,  -atree- 
simo  ;  thirty-third.  *-avecchia  /  ;  = 
Trentancanna.  -enne ;  thirty  years  old. 
-ennio  w. ;  space  of  thirty  years.  -esimo; 
thirtieth,  -toa /;  set  of  thirty.  -ino; 
(A)  as  sb.,  thirty  centesimi.  (B)  belong- 
ing to  Trent,  -ottesimo ;  thirty-eighth. 
-ottino  m. ;  an  old  Papal  coin  =  ten 
Baiocchi. 

Trentuno;  I.  thirty-one.  2.  Battere 
il  — ,  to  run  off,  escape.  3.  Prender  il 
— ,  to  go  away.  4.  Dare  nel  — ,  to  get 
into  a  fix,  or,  of  a  woman,  to  be  no 
longer  young.  5.  Fare  —  per  forza,  to 
make  a  virtue  of  necessity.  6.  Fare  — 
col  sacco,  =  Tirar  via,  to  go  ahead.  7.  a 
card-game  where,  in  order  to. win,  one 
must  hold  cards  countingover  thirty-one 
but  less  than  forty. 

*as  ttS.,  =  Deretano.     Voltare  il — ,  to  go  away. 
tTreo  tn.  ;  =  Trevo. 

Trepestfo  m.  (It.  pestare,  with  pre- 
fix altered  from  tra-) ;  trampling  of 
many  feet. 

Trepid-are  ind.  trepido  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  eti.  1910, 
sut  Trepidation);  to  tremble.  Aff.  -amente,  -anza 
or  -azione,  -ezza,  -o  adj. 

tTrepi!are;  =  Tribbiare,  to  thresh. 

Trepbnti  ;«.;  (war.)  three-decker. 
•Treppello  /». ;  =  Drappello,  squad. 


tare,  to  paw  the  ground. 

tTreppicare;  i.q.  Trepilare. 

Treppi6d-e,  -i  m. ;  i .  tripod.  2.  Fare 
il  — ,  of  lour -footed  creatures,  to  stand 
on  three  legs.  Aff.  -ino  dim.,  -one 
augm. 

Trequarti  m.  ;  i.  =  Traguardo.  2.  (sttrg.) 
aspirator. 

•Trereme  »/.  (L.);  (mar.)  trireme. 

Tr^sca  /.  (vtst.  of  Trescare) ;  in- 
trigue with  a  woman. 

*i.  rough  country  dance  in  which  the  dancing 
was  accompanied  by  clapping  of  hands.  Hence, 
play  of  the  hands  in  tossing  off  the  flames,  D.  Inf. 
14.  40.  ii.  trifle. 

Trescare  ind.  tre'sco;  I.  to  intrigue. 
2.  to  prance. 

*i.  to  dance,  v.  *Tresca(i).  ii.  to  talk  vivaciously. 
Etym.  Cogn.  Proven;,  trescar,  drescar,  old 
Fr.  tresckier,  trescher,  to  dance,  Span,  triscar,  to 
frolic,  bit.  trucarc,  <  O.H.G.  drfscan  (>  Germ. 
dreschen),  to  thresh,  cp.  A.S.  tkrescian  and  Gothic 
tkriskan,  to  thresh,  Russian  treskale,  to  crackle, 
tresk',  crash,  old  Slavonic  troskn,  stroke  of  lightning. 


root  tresk,  to  make  a  rattling  noise.    Prob.  first  used 
of  thunder,  then  of  the  noise  of  the  flail. 

Trescherellay:;  dim.  Tresca,  intrigue. 

Tresc6n-e  m.  (augm.  Tresca) ;  i. 
country  dance.  2.  fig.  Far  ballare  il  — , 
i.e.  to  beat.  Aff.  -cfno  dim. 

*  Tresette  ;  v.  Tressetti. 

Trespiano ;  Andare  a  — ,  to  die. 

'Trespide  m.;  tripod,  v.  Trespolo  (i). 
Trespini  m.  ft.;  (*,./.)  =  Stecade,  cudweed. 
Trespino /«. ;  T.  Crespino. 

Tre'spolo  HI.  (corr.  of  Trespide,  <L. 
ires  pedes) ;  i.  any  support  or  trestle, 
properly  one  with  three  legs.  2.  broken 
old  cart  or  other  furniture. 

Tressetti  m.  pi.  (It.  tre,  sette) ;  a 
card-game  in  which  the  holder  of  three 
sevens  wins.  Giocare  a  —  scoperti,y^-. 
to  play  with  the  cards  on  the  table. 

tTrittay;;  =  Str<;tta,  sadness. 
tTretticare  ind.  trettico  ;  to  totter. 

*  Tre vnf.:- Tregua,  truce. 

Trevigiano,  Trevisano  or  Trivigi- 
ano  ;  (geogr.)  of  Treviso  in  Venetia. 

Treviri;  (geogr.)  the  city  of  Treves, 
on  the  Moselle. 

TreV-o  (Treo,  Trego,  Trieggo,  Treguo,  Treso) 
m.,  nsu.  in  //.  -i ;  (mar.)  lower  square  sails,  courses. 
*  storm  sail. 

*Trezza/:=Treccia. 

tTria/;  =  Triglia,  mullet. 

Triaca  (Teriaca)  /  (Gr.  dnptaKq,  sc. 
avTidoros,  antidote  against  venomous 
beasts, < flijp,  wild  beast);  (med.)  sooth- 
ing draught,  theriac. 

Triade/;  as  E. 

Triangol-are,  -arita,  -azi6ne,  -etto,  -fno 
dims,  -o ;  as  E. 

'Triare  (cogn.  Proven;,  and  Catalan  Mar,  Fr. 
Mtr;  prob.  <  L.  tritirc,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Try);  i.  to 
sift,  select,  ii.  to  grind. 

Triario  m.  (L.);  soldier  of  the  third  rank  from 
the  front. 

Triassico  (Gr.  rpias,  from  the  threefold  group- 
ing of  the  system  by  the  German  geologists);  (geol.) 
triassic,  belonging  to  the  oldest  group  of  the  mesozoic 
or  secondary  strata. 

*  Tribaldare  ;  =  Trabaldare,  to  cheat. 
tTribbia  /. ;  =  Tnbbiatura,  threshing. 

Tribbi-are;  i.  to  thresh.  2.  to  break 
up  fine. 

Etym.  L.  triiutare,  <  tribulum,  a  wooden 
platform  studded  underneath  with  flints  or  iron  nails, 
the  drawing  of  which  over  the  corn  separated  the 
grain  from  the  chaff,  <  the  stem  of  terere,  to  rub, 
with  suffix  -bulnm. 

Aff.  -atura,  -o  sb. ,  threshing  apparatus. 

Tribol-are  ind.  tribolo  (L.,  v.  Trib- 
biare) ;  i.  to  vex.  2.  intr.  —  a,  to  be 
short  of,  suffering  for  lack  of.  3.  to  be 
poor  and  needy. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ataccio,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice, 
'azioncella  dim.,  *azione. 

Tribolo  m.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr.  Tp«/3oXof, 
<r/jfif,  three,  /SoAor,  sharp  point,  orig. 
sharp  point  of  a  dart,  <  /3<iAA<o,  to  throw) ; 
i.  (mil)  caltrop,  a  four-spiked  instru- 
ment so  arranged  that  one  always 
stands  upright,  used  to  obstruct  the 
enemy's  cavalry.  2.  (hot.)  (a)  =  Cecca- 
rello,  caltrops,  (b)  — acquatico  =  Cas- 
tagna  di  padule,  water  caltrops.  3.  = 
Tribolazione. 

(B)  (L.  tribulum,  v.  Tribbiare);  = 
Tribbio,  threshing  apparatus. 

*  i.  a  kind  of  lockpicking  tool.     ii.  lamentation. 

Tribordo  m. ;  (mar)  starboard. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  tribord,  stribord.  Span. 
estribord,  Dutch  stuitrboord,  Danish  styrbord,  E. 

8o—2 


636 


TRIBRACHIO— TRINELLA 


starboard,  all  meaning  literally  the  side  of  the  ship 
on  which  the  steersman  stood ;  in  the  first  instance 
he  used  a  paddle  not  a  helm.  The  first  syllable 
corresponds  to  A.S.  steort  a  rudder  or  paddle  to 
steer  with,  akin  to  O.H.G.  stiura,  staff,  also  paddle 
(>  Germ.  Steuer,  rudder),  and  to  Or.  araupos, 
upright  pole,  root  steu,  allied  to  sta,  to  stand.  For 
the  second  syllable  v.  Bordo. 

Tribrachio,  Tribraco  m.  (Gr.  rpi-,  (Spa^us, 
short) ;  tribrach,  word  of  three  short  syllables. 

Tribii  m. ;  tribe. 

Etym.  L.  tribus,  one  of  the  three  divisions  of 
the  early  Romans,  originally  meaning  "  village," 
akin  to  trilfitete,  to  partition,  to  assign,  root  tribht 
to  distribute,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tribe. 

Tribun-a  f.\  as  E.  Aff.  -ale  sb.,  -alesco, 
-almente. 

Tribun-o  m.  (I,.,  lit.  chief  officer  of  a  tribe,  v. 
Tribu);  as  E.  Aff.  -ato  tribuneship,  -esco. 

Tribut-are  ind.  tributo  (L.,  <  tribnere^  v. 
Tribu) ;  to  pay  tribute.  Aff.  -ario,  -o  sb. 

Tricche-tracche,  Tricchete-trac- 
chete,  Tric-trac;  i.  imit.  of  the  noise 
of  clogs.  2.  imit.  of  the  rattle  of  dice, 
hence,  as  sb.^  the  game  of  backgammon. 

"Tricciare  ;=Treccare. 

Tricheco  m. ;  walrus,  Trichecus. 
"Tricheria/l  (L.  tricaet  tricks);  trickery. 
Trichfasi/  (Gr.);  (w^.)as  E. 
Trichin-a/  (Gr.  rpi'xivos,  hair-like);    a  para- 
sitic worm,   Trichina  spiralis.     Aff.  -osi. 

Triciclo  m.\  tricycle. 
fTriciolo  m. ;  =  Briciolo. 
Tricipite  (L.) ;  three-headed. 
Triclinio  m,  (L.);    dining-room  in  an  ancient 
Roman  house. 

Tricdcco  »«.;  =  Lazzerolo. 

Tri-col6re;tricoloured.  -c6rde;  three-stringed. 
Tric6ma  m.  (Gr,,  <0pt£,  hair);  (?««/.)  a  con- 
tagious disease  of  the  hair  prevalent  in  Lithuania, 
in  which  the  hair  gets  matted  together  by  a  sticky 
discharge. 

Tric6rn-e  ;  three-horned,  -o  tn.  •  three-cornered 
hat. 

Tricuspid-e,  -ale;  tricuspid. 
Tridacna./;  giant  clam,  Tridacna. 
Tridattilo  ;  three-fingered  or  toed. 
Trident-e  m.  (L.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ato. 
Tridentino;   Concilio  — ,  Council  of  Trent; 
the  ordinary  adjective  referring  to  Trent  is  Trentino. 
Tridere;  pop.  for  Intridere,  to  mix. 
Triduano  (L.)  ;  of  three  days'  duration. 
Triduo  m.  (L.)  ;  (eccl.)  three  days'  function. 
Triedro  (Gr.)  ;  Angolo  — ,  solid  angle. 
*Triegua,/;  =  Tregua,  truce. 
*Triemare  ;  — Tremare. 

Trienn-ale  ;  triennial,  -e ;  of  three  years' 
duration. 

Triennio  tn.;  i.  triennium.  2.  student  in  his 
third  year. 

Trier-o  m.  (Gr.) ;  trireme.  Aff.  -area,  its 
captain. 

Trieteri-co,  -de  (Gr.)  ;=Triennale. 
*Trieva_/;;  =  Tregua,  truce. 

Trifauce  ;  with  three  throats. 
*Trifera  /;  an  Arabic  medical  preparation. 
Trifido;  <&>/.)  as  E. 
Trifillo  w.;  =  Trifoglio,  clover. 
Trifogliaio  m.;  clover-field. 
Trifogliato  ;  with  leaves  like  clover. 

Trif6glio  m.  (L.  trifolium,  lit.  three- 
leaved);  (bot.}\  i. — de' prati,  common 
purple  clover,  Trifolium  pratense,  also 
termed  Capo  rosso,  Moscino.  2.  - 
rosso,  crimson  trifolium,  v.  Erba  (59). 
3.  — bianco,  Dutch  clover,  Trifolium 
repenS)  also  termed  Luppolino.  4.  — 
odoroso,  melilot,  ?/.  Erba  (159).  5.  — 
palustre  or  fibrino,  bog-bean,  Meny- 
anthes  trijoliata^  also  termed  Menianto, 
Trafoglione.  6.  —  giallo,  bird's-foot 
trefoil,  Lotus  corniculatus,  also  termed 
Ginestrina,  Moschino  giallo,  Moscino 
giallo.  7.  —  epatico,  hepatica,  Hepatica 
triloba,  also  termed  Ranuncolo  triden- 
tato.  8.  --  acetoso,  wood-sorrel,  v. 
Acetosella. 

Trifogliolino  »/. ;  (l>ot.)  hop  medick,  Medicago 
lupulina. 


Triforc-ato,  -uto ;  three-pronged. 

Trif6rme ;  as  E. 

*Triga  f.  (L.,  contr.   of  trijuga);    three-horse 
chariot. 

Trigam-o  ;  thrice  married.     Aff.  -fa. 

Triganto   m. ;    (mar.)  wing-transom,   v.   Dra- 
gante  (B). 

Trigastrico  ;  with  triple  stomach. 

Trig&tnino ;  one  of  triplets. 

Trigesimay!;  (eccl.)  requiem  held  thirty  days 
after  the  death. 

Trigesimo  ;  =  Trentesimo,  thirtieth. 


Trlgli-a  /  (L.  trigla,  =  Gr. 
I.  — maggiore,  striped  red  mullet,  Mul- 
lus  surmulatus,  locally  termed  Tria, 
Streglia  di  rocca,  Treglia,  Tregghia, 
Triglia  di  solo  or  di  gramigna.  2.  - 
minore,  red  mullet,  Mullus  barbatus, 
locally  termed  Barbon,  Triglia  de  morsu, 
Tregghia  de  capitellu,  Triglia  di  fangu. 

Aff.  -accia /<££.,  -e1tta*7Yw.,  -ettina  sub-dim. 

Triglifo  (with  g  sounded  hard  as  in  E.)  m. 
(Gr.  rpi-,  -yAutfiu),  to  carve);  (.arch.)  a  three-grooved 
tablet. 

Triglina/;  dim.  Triglia. 

Trig6ne  ;«.;  sting-ray  (fish),  Trygon  pastinaca, 
locally  termed  Matan,  Mattana,  Murcione,  Pesce 
murciotto,  Pastenaiga,  Ferrassa,  Murchio,  Mucchio, 
Ferraccia  mucchiosa,  Pastinaca,  Vastunaca. 

Trigono  m.  (Gr.)  ;  triangle. 

Trigono-metria/(Gr.);  as  E.    Aff.  -metrico. 

Trilatera  f. ;  truncated  wedge  shell,  Donax 
tritnculus. 

Tri-laterale  or  -latero,  -lineare  or  -lineo, 
-lingue  ;  as  E. 

Trilione,  Trilli6ne  /«. ;  a  million  billions. 


Trffora ; 

three  lights. 


Finestra  — ,   window    of 


Trillare  (A)  (perl 

dim.  of  tritare,  to  pound  up  fine) ;  i.  to 
move  very  rapidly,  e.g.  the  fingers  over 
the  keys  of  a  piano.  2.  of  a  spindle, 
when  not  truly  adjusted,  to  oscillate. 

(B)  (ftitit.)  ;  to  trill. 

Trillo  ;  i.  m.  trill.    2.  sclurz.  with  a  play  upon 
the  word  Brillo,  very  drunk,  more  so  than  Hrillo. 
tTrillori  »i.  pi. ;=  Fron/oli,  finery. 

Trilogia  /:  (Gr.) ;  as  E. 

Trilustre  (L.);  fifteen  years  old. 

Trimembre  ;  of  three  members. 

Trimestr-e  (L.)  ;  quarter,  three  months.  Ajff. 
-ale. 

Trimetro  (Gr.);  iambic. 

Trimpell-are  ind.  trimpello  (var.  of 
Trampolare) ;  I.  to  stagger,  lit.  to  keep 
shifting  one's  feet.  2.  of  furniture,  to  be 
very  shaky.  3.  fig.  to  procrastinate. 
*  =  Strunpellare.  Aff.  -ino  vbsb.,  -10 
freq.  sb. 

Trin-a/;  i.  point-lace.  Cartacolla 
— ,  paper  stamped  out  with  a  lace-like 
pattern  ;  -e  a  nastrino,  lace-trimmings. 
2.  (mar.)  Alia  — ,  lateen.  3.  (hot.)  (a)  — 
di  Fiandra,  drop-wort,  z/.  Filipendula ; 
(i)  Legno  da  — ,  lace-bark  tree,  v.  La- 
getto.  *twist  of  gold  or  silver  (Florio). 

Etym.  L.  trinns^  or  It.  trino,  triple,  agreeing 
with  the  original  meaning  given  by  Florio. 

Trinacrio ;  Sicilian,  from  the  old  Gr.  name 
<Tpi-,  aKpa,  cape,  lit.  furthest  point,  <a«poy,  end- 
most,  <  OUCTJ,  point,  root  akt  sharp. 

Trin-aia/  ;  maker  or  seller  of  lace, 
-ame  m. ;  lot  of  lace,  -ato ;  ornamented 
with,  or  like,  lace. 

Trinca  (A)  m. ;  i.q.  Trincone. 

(B)  f.  (Span,  trinca,  <  ** trinicus,  threefold); 
{mar.)  —  delle  sartie,  cat-harpings,  a  purchase  of 
ropes  employed  to  brace  in  and  tighten  the  shrouds 
of  the  lower  mast.  —  che  del  bompresso,  gammon- 
ings of  the  bowsprit.  —  che  delle  colonne  di  scalo 
da  varare,  lashings  of  the  launching  cradle. 

Trincapalle  w. ;  (ai-til.)  truck  of  a  gun-carriage. 

Trinc-are  ind.  trinc-o,  -hi  (A)  (cogn. 
Fr.  triiiquer,<.  O.H.G.  trinkan,  cp.  A.S. 
drincan,>E.  drink);  I.  to  drink  hard. 
2.  Tu  non  -hi,  fam.  equivalent  to  E. 


Don't  you  wish  you  may  get  it.  3.  Part. 
-ato,  as  intensive;  Furbo  -ato,  very 
crafty  ;  also  as  sb.,  Un  -ato  di  prima 
riga,  a  very  deep  rogue. 

(B);  (tnar.)  to  frap,  secure  with  lashings,  v. 
Trinca  (B).  —  le  sartie,  to  swift  the  shrouds. 

Trincarello  m.\  (fiaferm.)  a  kind  of  coarse 
filter. 

Trincarino  m.\  (mar.)  i.  in  a  wooden  ship, 
waterway.  2.  in  an  iron  ship,  stringer ;  Lamiera 
di  — ,  stringer-plate.  For  illustrations  of  various 
positions  of  a  waterway  or  stringer,  see  Paasch,  Diz. 
di  Marina. 

Trincat-a  /. ;  a  deep  drink,  -o ;  v.  Trin- 
care  (3). 

Trincatura/I;  (mar.)  Trapping,  v.  Trincare(B). 

Trinc&a,  Trincera/  (akin  to  Trin- 
ciare,  q.v.} ;  trench. 

Trincer-are  ind.  trincero ;  to  en- 
trench. AJf.  -amdnto. 

Trincer-6ne  m. ;  augm.  of  -a. 

Trinc6tt-o  nt. ;  shoemaker's  knife,  having  a 
cutting-edge  on  part  of  the  back.  Aff.  -ata,  blow 
with  a  -o. 

Trinch^tta /! ;  (mar.)  storm-sail. 

Trinchettina/ ;  (Mar.)  fore  stay-sail 
on  a  schooner. 

Trincll^tto  m.\  (mar.)  i.  foresail, 
fore-course,  the  lowest  of  the  square 
sails  on  the  foremast  of  a  square  rigged 
ship.  2.  Albero  di  — ,  foremast.  3. 

—  di  cappa,  storm  foresail.     4.  —  la- 
tino, lateen  foresail.     5.  —  al  terzo,  lug- 
foresail.     6.  —  volante,  boom-foresail. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  trinquet,  Span,  trinquete, 
prob.  <  L.  triqiiet-rust  three-pointed,  the  sail  having 
been  originally  triangular  as  in  nos.  3  to  6,  though 
it  is  now  generally  a  square  sail  as  above,  no.  i,  the 
current  word  for  a  jib  sail  being  Flocco.  -quetrus 
is  for  **quadros,  akin  to  A.S.  h-wtrt,  keen  (>  E. 
whet),  O.  li.G.  hwazzan,  to  incite,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Whet.  Probably  not  akin  to  quadrit$t  square.  The 
«  of  Trinchetto  is  due  to  Spanish,  v.  Trinca  (B). 
Trinciafdglia  m.  iitdecl.\  —  Trinciaradici. 

Trinciante  in.  \  carving-knife. 

*i.  a  kind  of  neck-hantlkerchief.  ii.  as  adj.-= 
Tagliente,  sharp. 

Trinciapaglia  m.  indecl. ;  =  Falcione,  hay- 
cutter. 

Trincia-radici,  -rape  tn.  indecl. ;  turnip- 
cutter,  slicing-knife. 

Trinci-are ;  i.   to  cut  up  small.     2. 
to  eat  greedily.     3.   -aria  da  gran  sig- 
nore,  to  give  oneself  grand  airs.     4.  - 
i   panni,  la  giubba,  addosso  a  uno,  to 
speak  evil  of  him  behind  his  back.     5- 

—  capriole,  to  cut  capers.     6.  at  tennis, 
to  put  on  cut  in  striking  the  ball.     7. 
-arsi,  to  tear;    Seta  che  piegata  si  -a 
tutta,  silk  that  becomes  all  torn  if  folded. 

8.  Part,  -ato  as  sb.,  cut  tobacco  or  snuff. 

9.  (herald.)  -ato;  divided  by  a  diagonal 
line  from  dexter  chief  to  sinister  base. 
Aff.  -atore,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc,.  trencar,  trenchar,  Fr. 
trartcher,  Span,  trincar,  to  chop,  also  to  leap  (Span. 
trtnchar,  to  carve,  is  borrowed  from  Italian),  Catalan 
trinxar^  of  doubtful  origin.  The  most  probable 
suggestions  are  perhaps(i)  bit.  **trinicare^<.**trini- 
cu$,  as  it  were  to  cut  into  three,  r/.  It.  squarciare, 
<**  exquartiarC)  Span,  esqitinzar,  to  cut  up  rags, 
in  paper-mills,  <**  cxquintiare,  (2)  bit.  **  trincare, 
as  a  variant  of  L.  tmtncare,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Trench. 
Trinciata^;  short  jerk  at  a  bridle. 
Trinciatoio  m. ;  place  where  a  root-cutter, 
Trinciaradici,  stands. 

*  Trincieray.;  =  Trincera,  trench. 
*Trincio  *».;=  Frastaglio,  slashing. 
tTrincidlo  7//.;  =  Piattello,  saucer. 
*Trinco  ;  dead  drunk. 

Trinc6n-e  m.\  heavy  drinker.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg. 

Trinella  f.  (dim.  Trina);  (mar.)  sennit,  flat 
braid . 


TRINETTA— TROMBA 


637 


Trine'tta/. ;  dim.  Trina,  lace. 

Tringa  /  ;  (ornith.)  dunlin,  v.  Pio- 
vanello  (2). 

tTringdzzo  HI. ;  =  Singhiozzo,  sob. 
Trimpote  m. ;  great-great-nephew. 
Trinit-4  f. ;    i.    as  E.    2.    (geogr.)  Trinidad. 
Af.  -ario. 

Trino  (L., <tres,  three);  I.  three- 
fold. 2.  (theol.}  triune.  3.  in  astro- 
logy, trine,  the  aspect  of  two  planets 
distant  from  each  other  one  third  of  the 
zodiac  or  120°. 

Trin6mio  m.\  (waM.)as  E. 
Trio  m. ',  (mus.)  as  E. 

Tlibcco  m. ;  (prob.  formed  from 
prefix  tri-,  with  a  suffix  borrowed  from 
other  words  such  as  Baiocco);  {pop.) 
merry  party. 

Triodia/".;  (hot.)  fox-tail  grass,  v.  Erba(isA 

Trionf-ale,  -almente,  -are,  -at6re,  -atora, 
-atrice;  ?•.  -o. 

Tridnfo  m.  (L.  triumphus  =  &r.  0piafj.fto<;,  pro- 
cession in  honour  of  Bacchus);  i.  triumph.  2.  at 
cards,  trump.  3.  centre-stand  for  a  table,  epergne. 

Tridni  m.  pi.  ;  (astr.)  the  Great  and  Little 
Bear,  z/.  Settentrione. 

Tridniceyl;  snapping  turtle,  Trionyx, 

Tri6tto  m. ;  a  species  of  roach,  Leuciscus  aiila. 

Tripart-ire  ind.  -isco ;  to  divide  into  three. 
Aff.  -itamente,  -ito,  -izione. 

Tripetalo  ;  (tot.)  with  three  petals. 

Triplayl;  music  in  three  time. 

Triplic-are  ind.  triplico  -hi;  as  E.  Aff.  -ata- 
mente,  -atore,  -atrice,  -e,  -emente,  -ita. 

Triplo  (L.  tri-plus,  where  -plus  is  akin  to 
plenus,  full,  v.  Pieno);  as  E. 

Tripode  m.  (Gr.);  as  E. 

Tripodia  f.  (Gr.)  ;  verse  of  three  feet. 

Tripolo  m, ;  tripoli,  a  kind  of  scouring  sand- 
stone, originally  brought  from  Tripoli  in  Africa. 

Tripp-a  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  tripe,  Span. 
tripa,  of  Celtic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tripe);  i.  tripe,  the  stomach  of  a  calf 
used  for  human  food,  or  that  of  other 
animals  used  as  cat's-meat.  2.  spreg. 
or  scherz.  pot-belly.  3.  any  soft  flabby 
material, 

Aff.  -accia pegg.,  -aio  or  -aiolo  tripe- 
seller,  -are  to  cook  like  tripe,  -eria  tripe- 
shop,  -Ata  dim.  vezz.,  esp.  the  tripe  of 
dried  cod  or  other  stock-fish,  -etti'na 
sub-dim.,  -ino  dim.  vezz.  in  sense  of  fat 
stomach  of  a  baby. 

Tripp<5n-e  ;  i .  pot-bellied.  As  s6. : 
2.  pot-bellied  person.  3.  (vulg.*)  row- 
ing, scolding.  Aff.  -accio  pegg. 

Tripudi-are  (L.,<tri-  thrice,  +-pu- 
diare,  prob.  akin  to  pes,  pedis,  foot) ;  to 
jump  for  joy.  Aff.  -amdnto,  -o,  sbs. 

tTriquilino  m. ;—  Briciolino,  scrap. 

Trir^gno  m.;  the  papal  tiara,  a  mitre 
closed  in  by  a  dome-shaped  top,  sur- 
mounted by  a  globe  with  a  cross,  and 
surrounded  by  three  golden  crowns 
figuratively  termed  Regni,  kingdoms, 
whence  the  name. 

Trireme  m.  (L.);  as  E.,  galley  with  three 
banks  of  oars. 

*  Trisagio  (mlt.,  <  Gr.  Tp«,  iyiot) ;  thrice  sacred. 
*Trisarcavolo  m. ;  remote  ancestor. 

Trisavplo  m. ;  great-great-grandfather. 

Trisdrucciolo ;  accented  further  back  than 
I'isdrucciolo. 

Trisezi6ne/;  (from.)  trisection. 

Trisillab-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ico. 

Trism-a,  -o  m.  (Gr.  rputytoc,  gnashing);  (meet.) 
lockjaw. 

* Trispasto  m.  (L.,  <Gr.) ;  (mar.) hoisting-tackle 
with  three  pulleys,  two  in  the  upper  block  and  one 
in  the  lower. 

Trissaggine  /.  (L.  trijcago);  (tat.)  wall- 
germander,  v.  Erba  (109). 

Trist-accio/<£^.  of -o,  -amente  adv. 


of  -e  or  -o,  -anzublo  ilim.  of  -o  naughty 
child,  *poor-spirited,  wretched-looking, 
-arello  or  -ferello  dim.  or  dim.  vezz.  of 
-e  or  -o,  -e  v.  -o,  -erellino  dim.  of 
-erello,  -£zza  sb.  of  -e  or  -o,  -izia  =  -ezza. 

Trist-o,  -e  (L.  tristis);  sad.  The 
two  forms,  however,  are  in  most  cases 
by  no  means  synonymous;  -e  is  simply 
sad,  -o  morally  bad  or  sad.  Storia  -e, 
sad  story.  Storia  -a,  deplorable  story, 
story  of  criminality.  Donna  -e,  sorrow- 
ful woman.  Donna  -a,  woman  of  evil  life. 
Quel  -e,  that  poor  man.  Quel  -o,  that 
villain,  -o  also  means  deplorable,  failing 
to  answer  expectations,  -o  guadagno, 
either  miserable  wage,  miserable  result  of 
a  hopeful  speculation,  or  ill-gotten  profit. 

Tristuccio ;  dim.  Tristo. 
Trisulco  (I..,  lit.   capable   of  making    three 
furrows,    v.    Solco);    three-forked    (flame,    serpent's 
tongue). 

tTrita  f. ;   (A)  a  second   treading  out  of  corn 
practised  in  the  Maremma  of  Tuscany,  v.  Trito. 
*(B);  var.  of  Tarida,  transport  ship. 

Tritam^nte;  in  little  bits,  finely. 
Esaminare — ,  to  examine  minutely. 

Trit-are  (L.  tritus,  part,  of  terere,  to 
rub,  root  ter,  to  rub,  cp.  Russian  terete,  to 
rub,  Gr.  rcip<a);  i.  to  rub  down  fine. 
2.  in  art,  to  give  too  much  detail,  to  be 
finikin.  Stile  -ato,  finikin  style. 

*i.    to  tread  out  or  beat  out  corn.     ii.   to  tread 
upon.     iii.    to  mortify  (the  flesh),     iv.    to  criticise. 

Aff.  -amento,  -atura. 

*Trit-ava,  *-avo,  *-avola,  *-avolo;  =  Tris-. 
Trite-ismox*.;  belief  in  three  Gods.    Aff.-isla. 

Trit&lo  m.  ;  =  Cruschello,  pollard. 

*Tritico  m.  (L.);  =  Grano,  corn. 

Tritfno;  dim.  Trito,  nearly  thread- 
bare. 

Trit-0  (L.  tritus,  v.  Tritare);  i. 
rubbed  down  fine.  2.  fig.  trite.  3.  Via 
-a,  beaten  track.  4.  in  art,  Stile  — , 
mincing  style.  5.  worn  out  (clothes). 
6.  dressed  in  worn-out  clothes. 

*  i.  =  Frollo,  soft.     ii.  quick  and  short  (steps). 

THtola/I;  a  species  of  fungus. 
*Tritolare;  =  Stritolare,  to  grind  down. 

Tritol-o  m. ;  scrap.     Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Trit6ne  m.  (A)  ;  as  E.     *(B)  ;  augm.  Trito  (6). 

Tritono  ;  (mus.)  (interval)  of  three  tones. 

Tri  tri ;  the  chirping  of  a  cricket. 

Trittico  m.  (Gr.,  <  T/M-,  imJucru,  to  fold) ; 
triptych,  painting  executed  upon  three  panels  hinged 
together. 

Trittdngo  m.  (Gr.,  v.  Dittongo);  syllable  of 
three  vowels. 

Trituccio  ;  dim.  spreg.  Trito. 

Tritume  m. ;  bits,  scraps,  minutiae. 

Tritur-are  (L.);  as  E.  Aff.  .abile,  -amento, 
-azione. 

Tri6mvir-o  tn.  (L.);  as  E.    Aff.  -ato,  -ale. 

Trivell-a/  (L.  terebella,  dim.  of  tere- 
bra,  gimlet,  <  terere,  to  rub,  v.  Tritare) ; 
auger,  drill. 

Aff.  -anujnto,  -are,  -atura,  -azi<5ne. 

Trivell-0  m.  (bit.  **  terebellum,  var. 
of  terebella,  v.  Trivella) ;  gimlet.  Aff. 
-fno  dim.,  -6ne  augm. 

Trivia^;  L.  epithet  of  Diana,  hence,  the  Moon. 

Trivial-e  (L.,  lit.  belonging  to  the  highways); 
coarse,  nasty.  Aff.  -ita,  -mente,  -one  augm.,  -uccio 
spreg. 

Trivigiano  ;  =  Trevigiano,  of  Treviso. 

Trfvio  m.  (L.);  i.  place  where  three 
roads  meet,  cross-roads.  2.  Modi  da 
— ,  vulgar  manners.  3.  trivium,  the 
course  followed  during  the  four  years 


of  undergraduateship  in  the  medieval 
system  of  academic  studies,  including 
Grammar,  Logic  and  Rhetoric;  the  other 
four  liberal  arts,  taken  in  the  three  years 
between  the  bachelor's  and  master's 
degree  were  Music,  Arithmetic,  Geome- 
try, and  Astronomy,  termed  Quadrivio. 

Trocaico  (Gr.,  <  rp«'x<t>,  to  run) ;  trochaic 
(metre). 

Trocanterc  m.  (Gr.);  (anat.)  trochanter. 

Trocarre  m.  (Fr.,  <  trots,  three,  +carre,  side 
of  a  sword,  <  L.  quadra);  (surg.)  trocar. 

Trocheo  m.  (Gr. ,  v.  Trocaico) ;  trochee. 

Trochilo  m. :  (0r«/M. Willow-war  bier,  v.  Regolo 
(8,  t). 

Trocisco  (Trochisco)  m.  (Gr.  rpo- 
xitTKos,  <  Tpo%6s,  hoop,  <  Tpt)(<a,  to  run) ; 
lozenge. 

*Trocleay:(L.,<Gr.  rpoxiAi'o);  pulley. 

Trdco  m.  (Gr.);  top-shell,  Troch-us,  also  termed 
Caracollo,  Caragola. 

Trocbide^;  trochoid,  curve. 
Trofealm6nte  ;  by  way  of  a  trophy. 

Trof6o  m.  (L.  tropaeum,  <  Gr.  rpo- 
iraiov,  monument  of  an  enemy's  defeat, 
<Tptnrij,  putting  the  enemy  to  flight, 
<T-pE7r<B,  to  turn);  trophy.  t=  Meda- 
glione,  ancient  coin.  Ha  sposato  11  quel 
—  di  donna,  he  has  gone  and  married 
that  old  mummy. 

*Troferia^;  ornamentation  made  of  trophies. 
*  Trogiplatura  f.  ;=Trucioli,  shavings. 
tTrogli-a/I,  -o  m.\  pig,  v.  Troia  (i). 
*Trogli-o  (Gr.  rpauAos,  lisping);  stutterer. 

Troglodit-a  m.  (Gr..  <TpwyAij,  hole,  <  rputyta, 
to  gnaw,  +6iito,  to  enter);  cave-dweller.  Aff.  -ico. 

Tr6gol-o,  Trubgolo  m. ;  trough.  Aff. 
-etto  dim. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  trugili,  dim.  of  trog,  cp.  A.S. 
trog  (>  E.  trough),  root  dru,  wood,  cp.  Sanskr.  dru, 
tree,  v,  Skeat,  sub  Tree,  Trough. 

Trogol6n-e  rn.,  -a  /;  dirty  child, 
lit.  one  who  has  been  messing  about  in 
a  trough. 

Tr6i-a/;  i.  sow.  2.  (hist.)  military 
catapult.  Aff.  -accia. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  truie,  sow,  Span,  troya, 
procuress,  <  bit.  troia,  <  L.  porcus  Trojanus,  a  pig 
stuffed  with  chickens  and  other  delicacies,  like  the 
wooden  horse  of  Troy  with  Greek  soldiers. 

Troiaio  m. ;  place,  or  piece,  of  filthi- 

ness. 

Troiano  ;  i.  Trojan.    2,  (horse)  with  long  ears. 

Troiata  / ;  dirty  act  or  thing. 
*  troop  of  armed  retainers. 

Troi-eriay:;  filthy  thing,  -ettella  or  -cttola 
f.;  dim.  spreg.  of  Troia.  -oncella/,  -oncello  m.; 
dim.  of  -ona,  -one.  -dna  f.,  -6ne  m.;  augm.  of 
Troia.  -ume  m.;  lot  of  filth. 

Tr6mb-a/;  i.  trumpet.  2.  trum- 
peter, in  which  sense  it  may  be  m.  or 
/ ;  Essere  la  prima  —  dell'  orchestra, 
to  be  the  first  trumpet  in  the  orchestra ; 
I  -i  del  Comune,  the  municipal  trum- 
peters. 3.  (Tornar)  con  le  -e  nel  sacco, 
i.e.  without  having  accomplished  one's 
purpose.  4.  public  auction,  from  the 
use  of  a  trumpet  for  calling  people  to 
it ;  Vendere,  Comprare  alia  — ,  to  sell, 
buy,  at  public  auction.  5.  in  pi.,  the 
highest  card  at  Minchiate,  painted  with 
a  figure  of  Fame  holding  two  trumpets. 
6.  ear-trumpet.  7.  siphon  for  drawing 
wine  out  of  a  bottle  or  from  a  cask 
without  disturbing  it.  8.  -  -  or  — 
idraulica,  pump,  —  aspirante,  suction- 
pump,  —  premente,  force-pump,  —  da 
incendio,  fire-engine,  —  da  vento,  ven- 
tilator. 9.  —  dello  stivale,  leg  part  of 


638 


TROMBAIO— TRUCCARE 


a  high  boot ;  -e  del  calzoni,  legs  of  a 
pair  of  trousers.  10.  proboscis,  either 
of  an  elephant  or  of  a  fly.  1 1 .  —  marina, 
(a)  speaking-trumpet,  also  termed  - 
parlante,  (b)  a  species  of  shell-fish,  Tri- 
tonium.  12.  (anal.}  tube ;  -e  faloppiane, 
the  Fallopian  tubes;  —  d'  Eustachio, 
Eustachian  tube  from  the  mouth  to  the 
ear.  13.  fig.  (pop.}  spy.  14.  (arch.)=' 
Strombo,  splay  of  an  opening.  1 5.  (hot.) 
(a)  —  del  Giudizio,  Virginian  trumpet- 
flower,  Tecoma  radicans,  also  termed 
Gelsomino  della  Virginia,  (b)  -  -  di 
Medusa,  hoop-petticoat,  Corbularia 
bulbocodium.  16.  waterspout,  or,  in 
the  desert,  whirlwind  of  dust. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  trompe,  trumpet,  trombe, 
waterspout,  Proven^,  and  Span.  trom£a,  trumpet. 

In  sense  of  trumpet  the  word  is  <  O.H.G. 
trumpa,  of  Slavonic  origin,  cp.  old  Slavonic  and 
Polish  tramba,  Slovenian  tromba,  troba,  trumpet, 
Russian  truba,  pipe,  tube,  trumpet,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Trump.  An  alternative  but  not  probable  derivation 
is<L.  triumphare,  through  a  form  **  trumpart > 
**  trumpa,  vbsb. ;  in  the  face  of  the  Slavonic  words 
this  does  not  seem  very  convincing.  Diez  is  inclined 
to  trace  Tromba,  trumpet,  to  L.  tuba,  trumpet, 
though  he  does  not  offer  tutus,  tube,  as  origin  of 
Tromba,  suction-pipe  ;  on  the  other  hand  he  puts 
forward  turbo  as  the  source  of  Tromba,  whirlwind. 
On  the  whole  one  may  say  that  as  trumpet  the  word 
is  probably  from  the  Slavonic  source  as  pipe  perhaps 
from  the  same,  and  as  whirlwind  probably  <  L. 
turbo. 

Trombaio  m. ;  plumber. 

Trombare  ind.  trombo;  I.  to  draw 
wine  out  of  a  bottle  with  a  siphon. 
2.  to  sell  by  auction. 

Trombatura  f. ;  v.  Trombare  (i). 

Tromb&tta  f.  (dim.  Tromba,  trum- 
pet); i.  bugle.  2.  bugler.  3.  in/>/.,  a 
form  of  paste  for  soup.  4.  (hot.}  Legno 
— ,  snake- wood,  Cecropia  peltata. 
5.  whelk,  Bucdnum.  6.  Pesce  — , 
trumpet-fish, Centriscus  scolopax,  locally 
termed  Gallinazza,  Trumbina. 

Trombettier-e,  -0  m. ;  bugler. 

Trombettina  f. ;  dim.  Trombetta. 

Trombini  m.  pi. ;  honey-cakes. 

Tr6mbo  m. ;  (vtt.)  tumour  of  extravasated 
blood. 

Tromb-bnay!;  augm.  of -a. 
Trombonata  / ;  shot  from  a  blunderbuss. 

Tromb-6ne  m. ;  i.  (mus.)  trombone. 

2.  augm.  of  -a,  high  boot,  wading  boot. 

3.  blunderbuss,  from  its  trumpet  shape. 

4.  (hot.)  daffodil,  v.  Narciso  (2). 

tTronare  ;  =  Tonare,  to  thunder. 
Tronata  / ;  roar  of  cannonading. 

Tronc-are  ind.  tr6nco  -hi  (L.  trun- 
care,  <  truncus,  mutilated,  cut  short, 
root  /rent:,  cp.  Lith.  trenkti,  to  jolt,  to 
push,  tranksmas,  tumult,  trinka,  chop- 
ping-block,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub 
Throng,  Walde,  sub  Truncus);  i.  to 
break  in  two,  break  the  end  off  a  thing. 
2.  to  cut  off.  3.  to  clip  the  end  of  a 
word,  as  Amor  for  Amore,  Po'  for  Poco. 
4.  to  cut  short,  e.g.  a  dispute.  5.  to 
break  (a  bone) ;  -arsi  il  nodo  del  collo, 
to  break  one's  neck;  Le  si  -ano,  it  is 
enough  to  break  one's  legs,  speaking 
of  a  long  flight  of  steps. 

Aff.  -abile,  -am^nte  brokenly,  -atame'nte  frag- 
mentarily,  -ativo  brittle,  as  a  branch  in  frost,  -atura. 

Tronch6tto  m. ;  i.  Derby  boot. 
2.  nippers,  for  cutting  wire. 


Tr6nco(L.,j/.Troncare) ;  i.  maimed, 
mutilated,  broken  off  short.  2.  accented 
on  the  last  syllable.  3.  (verse)  ter- 
minating in  a  word  so  accented. 

As  sb. :  4.  trunk  of  a  tree.  5.  (mar.) 
lower  mast,  esp.  when  without  rigging. 
6.  —  dell'  asse,  crank-shaft  journal,  in 
a  steamer's  machinery.  7.  =  Tronchetto, 
boot.  8.  —  di  strada  ferrata,  trunk  line 
of  railway.  9.  genealogical  stock. 

Tronc6n-e  m. ;  i.  augm.  Tronco. 
2.  stump.  3.  (Fringuelli)  -i,  which 
break  off  short  in  singing.  Aff.  -cello 
dim. 

Troneggiare  fnd.  trone'ggio;  to  be- 
have as  if  on  a  throne. 

Tronflare  ind.  tr6nfio ;  i.  =  Stron- 
fiare,  to  snort,  to  pant.  2.  of  a  pigeon, 
to  strut  and  coo  among  its  mates.  3.  of 
a  cock  or  turkey,  to  spread  the  tail 
feathers.  4.  Jig.  Far  —  e  declamare  la 
musa,  to  make  the  Muse  indulge  in 
stilted  declamation. 

Etym.  L.  trans,  _ftare,  cp.  Gonfiare  ;  the 
change  of  the  a  of  trans  into  o  may  be  due  to  the 
influence  of  Trionfare. 

Tronfi&za  f. ;  haughtiness,  pom- 
pousness. 

Tr6nfi-o  (sync.  part,  of  Tronfiare) ; 
haughty,  puffed  up,  pompous.  Aff. 
-6ne,  -ona,  pompous  person. 

tTrongiann-a/i,  -i  m.\  simpleton. 

Troniera  /  (It.  tronare) ;  (or till.) 
embrasure  for  a  gun. 

Trbno  m.  (A)  (L.,  <  Gr.  6p6vos,  root 
dher,  to  support,  v.  Fermo) ;  throne. 

"  In  Dante,  Thrones  are  one  of  the  Angelic 
Hierarchies,  described  by  Cunizza,  in  the  Heaven 
of  Venus,  as  mirrors  reflecting  the  mind  of  the  Deity 
to  the  lower  intelligences,  Par.  9.  61 — 2 ;  mentioned 
by  Beatrice,  in  the  Crystal  Heaven,  as  ranking  last 
in  the  first,  i.e.  highest,  Hierarchy,  the  Cherubim 
and  Seraphim  ranking  above  them,  Par.  28.  104—5; 
in  the  Convivio  Dante  states  that  the  first,  i.e. 
lowest,  Hierarchy  is  composed  of  Angels,  Arch- 
angels, and  Thrones,  the  third  place  in  the  third, 
i.e.  highest,  Hierarchy  being  occupied  by  the 
Powers,  Coiiv.  2.  6.  43 — 6 ;  according  to  this 
arrangement  they  preside  over  the  Heaven  of 
Venus,  Conv.  2.  6.  109 ;  according  to  the  other, 
over  the  Heaven  of  Saturn "  (Toynbee,  Dante 
Diet.). 

•(B);  =  Tono. 

Tronto ;  (geogr.)a.  river  of  Central  Italy  falling 
into  the  Adriatic  near  Porto  d'  Ascoli.  At  D.  Par. 

8.  63,  Charles  Martel  refers  to  it  as  the  north-east 
limit  of  the  kingdom  of  Naples. 

Tr6pic-o  m.  (Gr.)  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ale. 

Tropo  m.  (Gr.);  (gram.)  trope.  *(mus.) 
transitional  note. 

Tropolog-ia^;  discussion  of  figures  of  speech, 
esp.  those  in  the  Bible.  Aff.  -icamente,  -ico. 

Trbppo;  too  much.  Pur  — ,  only 
too  well.  *much,  D.  Inf.  7.  25,  Purg. 

9.  124. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  trap,  of  unknown  origin. 
Possibly  <  O.H.G.  thorp,  a  word  known  only  as 
meaning  "  village,"  v.  Skeat,  sub^  Thorp.  But  in 
Icelandic  it  also  means  "crowd,"  and  it  may  be 
supposed  to  have  had  this  sense  among  the  people 
who  passed  it  into  Italian  and  French  in  the  forms 
troppo,  trap,  and  with  the  meaning  "too  much." 
Cp.  Skeat,  sub  Troop,  and  infra,  Truppa. 

tTrbppolo   m.  ;  =  Toppo   coi   piedi,    block   with 
legs. 

Trbsciay^;  pit  for  curing  hides. 

*  i.  =  Stroscia.     it.  =  Pozzanghera,  dirty  pool. 

Etym.  Prop.  Germanic,  cp.  Gothic af-drausjan 
and  f>a-drausjan,  to  hurl  down,  indicating  a  form 
**drausjan,  causative  of  driusan,  to  fall,  akin  to 
A.S.  arfoian,  to  drip,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Dreary. 

•Trosciello  w.;  =  Volanda,  flour-dust. 

Tr6ta  /    (L. 


nibbler,  also  a  sea  fish  with  sharp  teeth, 
<  Tfttayta,  to  gnaw) ;  trout,  Trutta  fario, 
locally  termed  Trutta. 

Trotfno ;  grey  (horse)  speckled  with 
red. 

Trottabile ;  (road)  suitable  for  trot- 
ting. 

Trottapiano  m. ;  (iron.)  slow-coach. 

Trott-are  ind.  trotto :  to  trot.  Aff.  -ata. 
-atma,  -atorc,  -atdra,  -atrice,  -erellare  dim.  to  go 
trotting  along. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Proven^.  Span,  and  Portug. 
trotar,  old  Fr.  troter  (>  Fr.  trotter  and  E.  trot), 
old  Fr.  trotier,  a  trotter,  messenger,  mlt.  trotariits, 
which  answers  so  nearly  to  L.  tolutarius,  going  at  a 
trot,  that  it  is  usual  to  suppose  old  Fr.  troter  to 
result  from  a  mlt.  **  tolutare,  to  trot,  by  the  common 
change  of  /  into  r  and  loss  of  o.  Tolutarius  is  < 
tolutim  adv.,  at  a  trot,  /('/.  "  with  a  lifting  up  of  the 
feet,"  <  tollere,  to  lift,  v.  Togliere.  This  etymology 
is  accepted  by  Diez,  Littre  and  Scheler,  and  there 
seems  to  be  no  need  for  the  alternative,  viz.  < 
M.H.G.  "(rotten  (>  O.H.G.  trotttn),  akin  to 
O.H.G.  tretan  (>  Germ,  treten),  though  this  is 
adopted  by  Kluge. 

Trbtto  m.  ;  trot.  Prov.  II 
dell'  asino  dura  poco,  of  good  inten- 
tions which  are  not  kept  up.  Also 
elliptically,  II  —  dell'  asino,  with  the 
same  meaning.  O  di  —  o  di  rimbalzo, 
i.e.  in  one  way  or  another. 

Tr6ttol-a  /  (prob.  <  **tortula,  < 
L.  tortus,  part,  of  torquere,  v.  Torcere) ; 
peg-top.  Aff.  -are,  to  spin  round. 

Trottolfn-a/;  i.  teetotum.    2.  v.  -o. 

Trottolin-o  m.,  -a  / ;  lively  little 
boy,  or  girl. 

Trott6ne;  i.  m.  augm.  of  Trotto, 
long  trot.  2.  adv.  trotting. 

Trov-abile;  v.  -are.  -ad6re  w.;  =  Trovatore. 
-amento  m.\  vbsb.  of-are. 

Trovante  m.  ;  (geol.)  erratic  block. 

Trovare  ind.  tr&vo  (bit.  **tropare 
to  invent  tropes,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Trouba- 
dour) ;  to  find. 

Troyarbbe  m.  indecl. ;  theatrical 
costumier. 

Trovata  / ;  invention. 

Trovat&ll-o  ;«.,  -a  / ;  foundling. 

Trovatdre  w. ;  i.  finder.  2.  trouba- 
dour. 3.  poet. 

Trov-ero, -iero  nt. ;  poet  in  the  Langue  d'otl. 
Trizza,  Drdzza  f.  (Span,  trozn,  rope,  <  bit. 
trossa,  rope,  <  L.  torquere,  v.  Torcere) ;  (mar.) 
parrel,  truss,  a  kind  of  collar.  —  di  un  pennone, 
parrel  of  a  yard,  an  arrangement  holding  an  upper 
yard  in  connection  with  a  topmast,  topgallant-mast, 
etc.,  whilst  allowing  such  yard  free  motion  to  be 
raised,  lowered  or  topped.  —  di  una  boma,  jaw-rope 
of  a  boom,  a  short  piece  passed  across  the  fore  part 
of  a  mast  and  of  which  one  end  is  fastened  to  one 
and  the  other  end  to  the  other  lip  of  a  jaw  to  pre- 
vent the  inner  end  of  the  boom  from  slipping  of!  the 
saddle. 

*  Trozzo  m.  (either  <  Span,  trozo,  group,  or  Fr. 
trousse,  bundle,  both  of  which  seem  to  go  back  to 
L.  thyrsus,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Truss) ;  armed  rabble. 

*Truante  (fogn.  Provenc.  truans,  Span,  trukan, 
Fr.  truand,  <  Celtic  **  tritgo,  misery,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Truant)  ;=  Accattone,  beggar. 

Truccare  ind.  tru-cco,  -cchi  (A) 
{prob.  <blt.  **irudicare,<L.  trudere, 
to  push,  11.  Skeat,  sub  Threat) ;  at  the 
game  of  Trucco,  to  dislodge  the  adver- 
sary's ball  with  one's  own. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  troquer,  to  barter,  of 
Low  Germ,  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Truck) ; 
i.  to  cheat.  2.  Truccarsi,  of  any  actor, 
to  make  up  for  his  part.  *to  exchange. 


TRUCCHIARSI— TUPPE 


639 


•Trucchiarsi  (O.H.G.  druccken,  to  squeeze); 
of  a  horse,  to  strike  its  legs  together  in  trotting. 

Trucci,  Truzzi !  gee  up  ! 

Trucciarsi ;  to  get  rather  angry. 

Trucco  in.;  i.  a  kind  of  bagatelle 
played  on  a  table  like  an  elongated 
billiard-table,  but  with  more  pockets; 
eight  balls  and  one  small  ball  are 
employed.  2.  (mar.)  —  corrente  del 
flocco,  jib-boom  traveller,  also  termed 
Cerchio  scorrevole ;  —  di  un  picco,  gaff 
traveller. 

*  Un  bel  — ,  a  fine  bargain,  v.  Truccare  (B). 

Trucc6ne  m. ;  i.  marriage  broker, 
v.  Truccare  (B).  2.  provision-dealer 
of  a  low  class.  3.  =  Imbroglione,  mis- 
chief-maker. 

Truc-e  (L.  trux);  savage,  fierce.    Aff.  -emente. 

Tnici-a  /  (Celtic  **trugo,  miser- 
able, v.  Truante);  ragged  plight,  squalor. 
Aff.  -ante,  in  rags. 

Trucidare  ind.  trucido  (L.)  ;  to  massacre. 

Trucio;  =  Truciante,  squalid. 

Truciolare  (Trugiolare)  ind.  truci- 
olo ;  to  cut  up,  //'/.  cut  into  shavings. 

Truciol-ino  m.;  i.  dim.  vezz.  -o. 
2.  fig.  pretty  child. 

Triiciolo  m.  (prob.  <  **tortiolus, 
dim.  of  L.  tortus,  v.  Torcere) ;  i .  shaving, 
chip.  2.  thin  board. 

Truc-olento,  -ulento(L.);  truculent 

Truffa/;  i.  swindling.  2.  (Roba) 
da  — ,  of  the  poorest  quality. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  trufle  (>  Fr.  trujjTe, 
truffle),  Span,  trufa,  <  L.  tuber,  v.  Tubero.  Old 
Fr.  trujte  meant  both  truffle,  the  edible  fungus, 
and  mockery,  raillery,  whilst  Span,  trufa  still 
means  both  truffle  and  fraud,  though  modern  French 
only  has  truffe,  a  truffle. 

Derivation  <  L.  tuber  is  evidenced  by  the  Italian 
term  for  truffle,  tartufo  (^terrae  tuberern),  a  word 
which  passed  into  German  as  tartoffel,  altered  later 
into  Kartoffel,  to  signify  another  kind  of  tuber,  tthe 
potato.  The  corresponding  English  word  is  trifle, 
which  is  of  course  the  old  Fr.  trujle,  and  occurs  m 
early  English  in  the  sense  of  fraud,  "  theos  ant  othre 
trunes  thet  he  bitrufleth  monie  men  mide,"  these  and 
other  delusions  that  he  beguiles  many  men  with, 
Ancrcn  Riwlc,  p.  106,  quoted  by  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
sub  Trifle ;  this  meaning  still  lingers  in  the  phrase, 
to  trifle  with. 

Any  small  worthless  object  might  give  nse  to 
a  generic  term  for  trifle  or  for  raillery  or  even,  if 
palmed  off  as  valuable,  for  fraud,  but  it  is  curious 
that  a  truffle  should  have  been  the  thing  to  achieve 
this  distinction. 

Truffaldino  m. ;  common  fool  in  low 
comedy. 

Truff-are ;  to  swindle,  v.  Truffa. 
Aff.  -at6re,  -atrice,  -eria. 

Truffolarsi ;  =  Grufolarsi,  to  slop 
about. 

*  Trugiolare  ;  =  Truciolare. 
*Truglio;  i.  =  Kurbo,  sly.    ii.  magnanimous. 
•Trulla  /  (L.);    i.    dipping  ladle,      ii.    brick- 
layer's trowel. 

Trull-aggine,  -eria  ;  v.  -o  (A). 
•Trullare(lt.  trullo,  B);  to  fart,  D.  Inf.  28.  24. 

Trullo  (A)  (either  <  O.H.G.  troll, 
clownish,  or  an  aphaeresis  either  of 
Strullo  or  Citrullo) ;  adj.  or  sb.,  block- 
head. 

(B)  (Gr.  0pvXAoc,  noise) ;  fart. 
tTrumbina  /.;=  Peace  trombetta,  trumpet-fish, 
v.  Trombetta  (6). 


A.S.  tkorp,  village,  and  perhaps  akin  to  L.  turba, 
turma,  v.  supra,  Troppo. 

fTruscia^;  =  Trucia,  squalor. 

Trusiana  /.;  pop.  for  Drusiana,  slut. 

Trutilare  ;=Zirlare,  to  chirrup,  to  whistle. 

Triitina/  (L.,  <  Gr.  rpvrdvr,,  tongue 
of  a  balance) ;  support  for  the  arm  of  a 
balance. 

Truttru  ;  (child's  word)  gee-gee,  v.  Trucci. 
•Truviante  m.;  parasite. 
tTruzzechere  ;  =  Stuzzicare. 

Truzzi ;  v.  Trucci. 
tTruzzicare  ;=  Bucicare,  to  budge. 

Tu  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Thou) ;  thou. 
Dar  del  — ,  to  treat  as  an  intimate. 
Tu  is  said  in  Italian,  as  in  French,  to 
a  person  whom  we  should  address  in 
English  by  his  Christian  name.  Amico 
di  — ,  intimate  friend.  Mettersi  a  — 
per  — ,  to  have  a  dispute,  have  a  row, 
also  simply  to  be  in  close  contact  with. 
S'  e  trovato  cento  volte  a  —  per  — -  col 
codice  penale,  he  has  come  within  a 
hair's  breadth  of  the  criminal  code  a 
hundred  times. 

Tuba/(L.);  i.  trumpet,  t.  fig. 
epic  poetry.  3.  (anal.)  tube,  v.  Tromba 
(12).  4.  (scherz.)  tall  hat. 

Tubare ;  to  coo. 

Tubazi6ne  /. ;  i.q.  Tubulatura,  the  pipes  of  an 
apparatus  as  a  whole. 

Tubercol-are;  as  E.  -etto,  -ino;  dints,  of 
-o.  -o,  -6si  ;  as  E.  -uto ;  marked  with  tubercles. 
Etym.  L.  tuberculum,  dim.  of  tuber. 

Tubero  m.  (L.  tuber^  lump,  root  teu,  to  be 
thick,  11.  Skeat,  sub  Tumid);  i.  tuber.  2.  in  an 
olive-tree,  =  Ovolo  (3). 

Tuberosay:;  (bot.)  i.  tuberose,  Polutnthes 
tuberosa,  also  termed  Arnica  di  notte.  2.'  —  tur- 
china  affricana,  blue  African  lily,  Agapanthus  urn- 
beUatus. 

Tuber6s-o  ;  tuberous.    Aff.  -ita. 

Tubett-ino  sub-dim.,  -o  dim.,  of  Tubo. 

Tiibino  m. ;  felt  hat  with  the  top  at 
a  square  angle. 

Tubip6ra/i;  organ-pipe  coral. 

Tub-o  m.  (L.  tubus,  var.  of  tuba);  tube, 
t  pigeon,  v.  Tubare. 

Tub-olare,  -ulare  ;  tubular,  -ulato  ;  pro- 
vided with  a  tube,  -ulatura  f.;  i.q.  -azione.  -ulo 
tn. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Tuello  /».;  (.vet.)  fleshy  part  of  the  hoof. 

Tufaceo  ;  of  tufa,  v.  Tufo. 

Tuf-are  (Span,  tufa,  v.  Tufo) ;  to  be 
steamy,  -arsi,  to  sit  stewing,  to  "froust." 
Non  bisogna  -arsi  tanto  nel  letto,  one 
ought  not  to  be  all  muffled  up  in  bed. 
Part,  -ato  stuffy,  "frousty." 

tTufazzolo  m.;  i.  bunch  of  curls,  ii.  founda- 
tion made  of  cotton  wool  with  a  piece  of  wire  in  the 
middle  on  which  to  curl  a  lady's  hair. 

Etym.  bit.  tufa,  plume  of  a  helmet  (with  dim. 
suffix),  =  Fr.  touffe  (>E.  tuft,  where  the  final  t  is 
excrescent),  of  Germanic  origin,  cp.  Swedish  dialectic 
tuppci,  a  tuft  or  lock  of  hair,  Icelandic  toppr,  a  top, 
tuft,  or  lock  of  hair,  Middle  Dutch  top,  a  tuft, 
Germ.  Zopf,  plait  of  hair. 

Tuff-are  (O.H.G.  touffan,  to  im- 
merse, <  Germ,  taufen,  to  baptise,  //'/. 
to  dip,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Deep,  Dip,  Dive, 
Dove) ;  to  plunge,  to  dip. 

Aff.  -amento,  -ata,  -atina  dim.,  -atore,  -atura. 
Tuffe-tarTe  ;  imit.  of  the  sound  of  blows. 
Tuffete  ;=Tonfete,  the  sound  of  a  thud. 

Tuffe"ttO  m.  (dim.  Tuffo);  (ornith.) 
i.  dabchick,  Podiceps  minor,  also  termed 
Colimbo  piccolo,  Ficcasotto,  Tuffetto 
rosso,  Tuffolino.  2.  -  -  tuffatore,  = 
Moretta  tabaccata,  ferruginous  duck. 
3.  dim.  of  Tuffo. 

Tuffo  m.  (A)  (vbsb.  Tuffare) ;  i.  dip, 
plunge.  2.  short  heavy  shower  of  rain. 

(B)  (var.  of  Tifo,  or  from  the  cogn. 


Span,  tufo) ;  sudden  flush  of  fear  or 
anger.  Un  —  al  sangue,  a  startling 
impression.  II  sangue  gli  dette,  fece, 
un  — ,  he  was  greatly  disturbed. 

Tuffolino  m. ;  i.q.  Tuffetto,  dab- 
chick. 

Tuffolo  m. ;  (ornith.)  =  Smergo,  diver 
of  any  species. 

Tuf-0  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  tuf,  <  L.  tophus, 
=  Gr.  TO<J>OS,  tufa) ;  tufa,  a  kind  of  porous 
stone.  Aff.  -oso. 

Tuga/  (prob.  for  **tega,  <  L.  stega, 
deck,  root  steg,  to  cover,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Tegument);  (mar.)  i.  companion, shelter 
over  an  opening  giving  access  to  some 
place  under  the  deck.  2.  shelter,  cabin, 
seat  with  a  locker  under  it,  or  the  like, 
on  the  upper  deck. 

*Tugi-are,  *-one  ;  =  Tos-are,  -one. 
Tuglieri  /  pi. ;  the  Tuileries  at  Paris. 

Tuguri-o  in.  (L.,  <tegere,  root  steg, 
to  cover,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tegument) ;  hut 
Aff.  -etto  dim. 

Tula/;  (bot.)  arbor  vitae,  Thuja. 

Tuissimo  ;  superl,  sckerz.  of  Tuo. 
Tule  ;  (geogr.)  Thule,  Britain. 

Tulipano  m.  (Turkish  tulbend,  tur- 
ban, the  flower  having  been  considered 
to  resemble  a  turban ;  the  Turkish 
name,  however,  for  the  flower  is  lal£; 
for  tulbend  -v.  Turbante) ;  (bot.)  i.  tulip, 
Tulipa  Gesneriana.  2.  —  giallo  sal- 
vatico,  wild  tulip,  Tulipa  sylvestris,a\so 
termed  Tulipano  bolognino,  Lancette. 

Tulipifera  f.;  (tot.)  —  della  Virginia,  tulip 
tree,  v.  Albero  (78). 

Tulle  m.  (from  the  town  of  Tulle  in 
the  department  of  Correze  in  France, 
where  the  material  was  first  made) ; 
as  E. 

Tulliano ;  of  Cicero  (M.  Tullius 
Cicero). 

Tulliata  f. ;  long-winded  story. 

tTulloreyC//. ;  dried  chestnuts. 

Tuldne  ;  (geogr.)  Toulon,  in  France. 
*  Tulopante  ;  var.  of  Turbante,  turban. 

Tumef-are  inii.  tumeffc  or  tumefaccio  ecc.,  f. 
Fare ;  to  swell.  Aff.  -azione. 

Tumid-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tumid,  Thumb); 
i.  swollen.  2.  Jig.  proud.  AJf.  -amente,  -e^to, 
-ezza. 

Tumme,  for  Tomme;  short  for  Tommaso. 

Tumolo ;  v.  Tumulo. 

Tum6r-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Tutnido);  as  E.  Aff. 
-etto  dim. 

Tumul-are;  i.  adj.,  v.  -o.  2.  vb.  to  bury. 
AJf.  -azione. 

Tumulo,  Tumolo  m.  (L.,  v.  Tumido);  i.  as 
E.  2.  =  Catafalco. 

Tumult-o  m.  (L.,  <  the  stem  of  tumeo,  to 
swell);  as  E.  Aff.  -uare  vb.,  -ariamente,  -ario  dis- 
orderly, -uosame"nte,  -uoso. 

Tunchino  ;  (geogr.)  Tonquin,  in  China. 
tTundu;  Pesce  — ,  v.  Lamna. 

Tunfete ;  v.  Tonfetc. 

Tunic-a  /.  (L.,  =  Gr.  \vr\av,  borrowed  from 
Hebrew  ketonet,  garment  worn  next  the  skin) ; 
i.  as  E.  2.  (anat.)  serous  membrane.  3.  (bot.)= 
Buccia,  rind.  AJf.  -ato,  -hetta,  -nma  dims. 

Tunis!/;  (geogr.)  Tunis. 

Tunsteno  m.  (Swedish,  <  tung,  heavy,  sten, 
a  stone);  (metall.)  tungsten. 

Tu-0  (L.,  v.  Tu);  thy.  Una  delle 
-e,  one  of  your  usual  tricks.  At  cards, 
Era  -a,  it  was  your  trick.  Dalla  -a,  in 
your  favour. 

Tubno,  T6no  m. ;  thunder,  v.  Tonare. 

*Tuorlo  m.  ;  =  Torlo,  yolk. 
Tuppe ;  v.  Toppe. 


640 

Tura  /  ;  i.q.  Serra,  dam. 

Turabacbi  m.  indecl. ;  stopgap. 

Turaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Turo,  stopper. 

Turacciol-o  m.  (It.  turare);  cork, 
plug.  A/.  -etto,  -ino  dims. 

Tur-are  (by  aphaeresis  from  It.  ot- 
turare);  i.  to  plug.  2.  to  muffle  up. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Tur-ata  f. ;  i.  v.  -are.  2.  shelter 
arranged  on  a  scaffolding,  e.g.  to  pro- 
tect a  fresco. 

Turavfcnto  ;«. ;  gas  check,  for  a  gun. 

Turba  /  (L.,  v.  Torbidamente, 
etym.) ;  crowd. 

Turbante  (Tulopante)  m.  (Turkish 
tulband,<¥zrs\a.n  disband);  i.  turban. 
2.  fine  muslin.  3.  (mar.)  Turk's  head 
knot,  ?'.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  108, 
no.  9.  4.  —  di  mare,  sea  quince,  Al- 
cyonium  cydonium. 

Turb-are  (L.,  v.  Turba);  to  disturb.  Aff. 
-abilc,  -amenlo,  -atame'nte,  -atetto  dim.,  -ativa 
(leg.)  =  -amento,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azioncella 
<dun..  -azipne. 

*Turbico  w.;=Turbine. 
Turbina/.  (L.);  turbine,  horizontal  wheel. 

Turbinare  ind.  tiirbino  ;  to  fly  about. 

Tlirbin-e  m.  (L.,  v.  Torbidamente, 
etym.) ;  whirlwind.  Aff.  -io  freq.  sb., 
-osamdnte,  -6so. 

Turbitto  m.  (Arabic  word)  ;  (tot.)  i.  —  medici- 
nale  di  Mesue,  Ipotnaea  turpfthitm.  2.  —  delle 
Puglie,  deadly  carrot,  Thapsia  garganica,  also 
termed  Tassia.  3.  Falso  — ,  (a)  false  deadly  carrot, 
Thapsia  vitiosa,  (ft)  false  turbith,  Thapsia  asclepium. 

Turbo  m.'t  poet,  for  Turbine. 

TurboUn-to;  as  E.     Aff.  -temente,  -za. 
•Turcayl;  Turkish  robe. 

Turcaccio ;  pugg-  Turco. 

Turcasso  (Turcascio)  m.  (cogn.  late  Gr.  rap- 
Katrtov,  mlt.  turcasia,  old  Fr.  tarquais,  >  Fr.  car- 
ouoa,  M.H.G.  tarkis,  <  Turkish  turkash,  <  Persian 
tarkash,  cp.  Persian  tark,  arrow) ;  quiver. 

Turcheggiare  itid.  turcheggio ;  to  resemble  a 
Turk. 

tTurchello  m.\  a  species  of  gurnard,  v.  Capone 
(5,  ')• 


TURA— UCCELLO 

Turch6sc-o  ;  spreg.  for  Turco.     Ajg.  -amente. 

Turcb.<5se  m.  (Turchesa,  Turchessa 
/.)  (mlt.  turchensis,  Turkish) ;  turquoise. 

Turch6tto  m. ;  (orttith.)  a  species  of  pigeon, 
Columba  turcica. 

Turchia/;  (gtogr.)  Turkey. 

Turchfna./;  i.g.  Turchese,  turquoise. 

Turchineccio ;  blucisli. 

Turchineggiare  itut.  turchiue'ggio ;  to  turn 
blueish. 

Turchinettare ;  to  add  the  blue  to  the  wash. 

Turcbin&tto  m. ;  washerwoman's 
blue. 

Turchlno ;  blue  (from  a  blue  marble 
in  Morocco,  a  "Turkish"  country). 

Turcimanno  m.  (doublet  of  Drago- 
manno,  y.v.) ;  interpreter. 

Turco  (Tartar  word,  meaning  brave); 
i.  Turkish.  2.  outlandish.  3.  as  sb., 
Turkish  cigar. 

tTurda  d'  area  /;  a  species  of  wrasse,  v. 
Labbro  (B,  c). 

Turena/^;  (geogr.)  Touraine. 
tTur6ta/;  =  Siepe,  hedge. 

Turfa/  (E.  turf);  peaty  bog. 

Turg-ido  (L.);  i.  as  E.  2.  swelled  in  lit. 
sense.  Aff.  -idamente,  -idetto  dim.,  -escente, 
-escenza,  -idore. 

*  Turiaca /;  ;=Triac_a. 

Turibolo ;  v.  Turribolo. 

Turiferario ;  incense-bearing. 

Turificazione  _/. ;  incense-burning. 

Turino  m. ;  a  species  of  fungus. 

Turi6ne  m.  (L.  turio,  prob.  for 
turgio,  another  term  for  the  same 
thing,  <  turgere,  to  swell) ;  (hot.)  under- 
ground stock  of  certain  plants  which 
throw  up  annual  shoots,  as  asparagus. 

*Turlulu  w/.;  =  Baggeo,  dolt. 
Turma ;  v.  Torma. 

Turnice  m.  (for  Coturnice);  (ornith.)  Anda- 
lusian  quail,  ''.  Quaglia  (-•). 

Turno  m.  (var.  of  Torno);  turn,  rotation. 

Turo  m.  (It.  turare)  ;  =  Turacciolo, 
stopper. 

Turp-e  (L.  prob.  akin  to  Gr.  rptiria,  to  turn  ; 
turpis  =  such  that  one  turns  away)  ;  disgraceful.  Aff. 
-emente,  -ezza,  -iloquio  coarse  language,  -itudine. 


Turribolo,  Turfbolp  m.  (L.  turi- 
bulum,  <  tus,  =  Gr.  ffvos,  incense,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Thurible)  ;  censer. 

Turrito  (L.,  v.  Torre);  provided  with  towers. 
•Turtumaglio  in. ;^Tilimaglio,  spurge. 

Turuntu ;  imit.  of  the  sound  of  a 
heavy  fall. 

*Tusanti  y.  ;  =  Ognissanti,  All  Saints'  day. 

Tussillaggine  /. ;  (I'ot.)  colt's-foot,  v.  Tossi- 
laggine. 

Tutela  /  (L.,  v.  Tutore);  (leg.} 
guardianship. 

Tutelare  ind.  tutelo;  i.  adj.  as  E. 
2.  vb.,  to  safeguard. 

*  Tuto  (L.)  ;  secure. 

Tiitolo  in. ;  maize-stalk. 

Tut6r-e  m.  (L.,<tueri,  to  watch); 
i.  (leg-)  guardian.  2.  stick  for  tying 
up  a  plant.  Aff.  -a  /,  -accio  pegg.,  -io, 

tutrice. 

'Tuttafiata;  i.  continually,     ii.  nevertheless. 

Tuttalana  m.  ;=  Bonalana,  rogue. 

Tuttasana/:  (tot.)  tutsan,  v.  Erba  (142). 

Tuttavia ;  i.  still  ;  Termine  che 
vive  — j  an  expression  which  is  still 
current.  2.  nevertheless. 

Tuttesalle  m. ;  II  signor  — ,  Mr 
Know-all. 

Tutto ;  all.  —  che,  or  as  one  word 
Tuttoche,  although.  Per  -,  or  Da-  per 
— ,  everywhere.  -  di,  or  as  one  word 
Tuttodi,  continuously. 

Etym.  L.  totui,  root  ten,  to  swell  (with  par- 
ticipial suffix  -fus),  cp.  Skeat,  sui  Tumid,  Thumb, 
Thigh,  Thew,  and  Walde,  sut  Tumeo. 

Tuttocb.6 ;  although,  v.  Tutto. 
Tutt6ra ;  i.q.  Tuttavia,  still. 

Tuttuilla/;=Tottayilla,  wood-lark. 

Tutumaglio  tn.:  =•  Titima^Ho,  spurge. 

Turia  /.  (bit.  tutia,  <  Persian  lulya,  green 
vitriol) ;  zinc  oxide. 

Tuziorismo  m  (L.  tutior,  safer);  the  system 
of  following  the  safer  course. 

Tzeco;  (fcfgr.)  Czech. 


u 


U  m.,  sometimes/;  N.U.,  Nobil 
uomo;  U.L.F.P.,  Ufficio  lettere  ferme 
in  posta,  Dead-Letter  Office. 

U'  (apocope  of  L.  uti)  ;  (poet.)  where. 
Ua  /  //. ;  pop.  for  Uve,  grapes. 
U ano  m. ;  two-toed  sloth,  Choloep7ts  didactylits. 
Ubara,     Oubara   f. ;     (ornith.)     Macqueen's 
bustard,  ffouoara  Macquenni. 

Ubbi-a  (Obbia)  /  (L.  obviam,  a- 
gainst) ;  superstitious  scruple,  faddy 
scruple.  Aff.  -accia  pegg- 

Ubbidifente ;  i.  obedient.  2.  pop. 
for  Bidente. 

Ubbid-ire  ind.  -isco;  i.q.  Obbedire, 
to  obey. 

Ubbidso ;  superstitious. 

tUbbliare;  =  Obbliare,  to  forget. 

Ubbriaco  ;  v.  Ubriaco.     tAs  sb.,  — ,  or  Ub- 
briagon,  a  species  of  gurnard,  v.  Capone  ($,f). 
*Ubero  w.;=Mammella,  breast. 

Ubero,  Ubiero;  (i>et.)  sorrel-coloured  (horse) 
with  an  intermixture  of  white. 

Ubert-a/  (L.  u&er,  fruitful,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Udder);  fertility.  Aff.  -osita,  -oso. 

t  Ubia  f.\  \.  =Ubbia.     ii.^Augurio. 

Ubicazidney^;  localisation. 
*  Ubino  tn. ;  pony  or  donkey. 


Ubiqui-ta/  (I,.);  i.  as  E.  2.  (tlieol.)  the 
heretical  doctrine  of  Luther  that  the  body  of  Christ 
is  present  in  the  Eucharist  because  present  every- 
where. Aff.  -sta,  holder  of  this  heresy. 

Ubriac-o  ;  =  Briaco,  drunk.  Aff. 
-accio  pegg.,  -are  vb.,  -atura,  -hezza, 
-onaccio  augm.  pegg.,  -6ne  augm. 

Etym.  bit.  cbriacus,  <  L.  ebrius  (>  Fr.  tore 
and  It.  ebbro),  where  f-  is  either  for  ex  in  sense  of 
"very"  or  is  the  Indog.  e  meaning  "  rather,"  cp. 
Sanskr.  a  as  in  a-dirghas,  rather  long,  a-nilas, 
rather  black.  Bria  is  L.  for  a  wine-jar,  origin 
unknown.  Cp.  Sobrio. 

Ubugazzo  m.\  (<7r«i'M.)=Poiana,  buzzard. 

Ucase,  Ukase  m.;   Russian  ukase,  edict. 

Uccell-abile ;  v.  -are.  -accio  m. ; 
pegg.  of  -o. 

Uccellagidne/ ;  i.  bird-snaring.  2. 
the  game  snared.  3.  season  for  taking 
birds. 

Uccellaia  /;  spreg.,  quantity  of 
birds. 

*i.  snare  for  birds,  ii.  fig.  snare,  generally, 
iii.  Mandare  all'—,  to  make  a  fool  of. 

Uccellame  w. ;  birds,  collectively. 
Uccellanda/;  i.  =Ragnaia,  bird- 
net.     2.  aviary. 


Uccell-are  ind.  uccello;  i.  to  set 
snares  for  birds.  2.  fig.  to  make  a  fool 
of.  3.  of  a  hawk,  to  go  after  birds. 
4.  as  jA,  =  Frasconaia,  snaring-place. 
Aff.  -amento. 

Uccellatdio  m. ;  i.q.  Uccellare  (4). 

Uccell-at6re  m.,  -atura,  /,  v.  -are. 
-etto  m.,  dim.  of  -o. 

Uccellifera/;  i.  bird-cage.  2.  =Pa- 
retaio,  bird-net. 

Uccellina/  ;  (mar.}  moon-sail. 

TTccellln-o  dim.  vezz.,  -uccio  dim. 
spreg.,  of  Uccello. 

Ucc&ll-O  or  (poet.)  Augello  m.  (cogn. 
Grisons  dial,  utsel,  Provenc.  augel,  Fr. 
oisel,  Catalan  aucel,  <  late  L.  aucellus, 
dim.  of  L.  avis') ;  bird.  —  delle  tempeste, 
stormy  petrel.  —  della  Madonna,  del 
Paradise,  del  pescatore,  or  S.  Maria,  = 
Piombino,  kingfisher.  —  della  neve,= 
Sordone,  Alpine  accentor.  —  lepre,  = 
Tarabuso,  bittern.  Aff.  -one,  -otto 
augms.,  -uccio  pegg. 


UCCHIAT  A— ULTIMO 


641 


tUcchiata/.;  v.  Obbiada. 

Ucchlello  m.  ;  pop.  for  Occhiello, 
button-hole. 

Uccfd-ere  perf.  uccisi,  part,  ucciso 
(L.  occidere,<ob,  carder  e,  to  cut  down, 
lop  off,  root  qaid,  to  strike,  cp.  Sanskr. 
khidiiti,  he  shoves,  khedas,  weariness, 
Germ.  Heie,  rammer,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Hew);  to  kill.  Aff.  -itore. 

Uccio;  i.  a  dim.  an&pegg.  suffix,  = 
L.  -uc<!i<s,  also  used  as  an  independent 
word;  Un  libruccio,  ma  uccio  davvero, 
a  most  rotten  little  book.  2.  when  ap- 
pended to  a  Christian  name  it  is  dim. 
and  vesz.  Carluccio  mio,  my  darling 
little  Charlie. 

Uccisi6ne/(It.  uccidere);  slaughter. 

Uccis-0;  part,  of  Uccidere.  Aff. 
-ore,  -ora. 

Ud-ibile;  audible.     Aff.  -ienza. 

Udire  ind.  odo  odi  ode  udiamo  udi'te 
odono,  imperf.  udivo,  perf.  udii  udisti 
udl ...,  fut.  udiro  udirai ...  or  udro 
udrai...;  cond.  udirei...<?r  udrei,  subj. 
oda...  udiamo  udiateodano,/><ir/j.  udente 
or  udiente  udendo  udi'to  (L.  audire  for 
**auis-dire,  where  ait  is  is  a  root  mean- 
ing perception  or  attention,  which  ap- 
pears also  in  Gr.  al(T6avofJt.at  =  dFnT-Oavo- 
jiai,  to  perceive,  whilst  -dire  is  a  suffix 
of  action) ;  to  hear,  in  a  rather  solemn 
sense,  the  ordinary  word  for  hearing 
being  Sentire. 

UditayC;  Per — ,  by  hearsay. 

Uditivo;  auditory. 

Udito  in.  ;  hearing,  the  sense  of  hearing. 
Intendere  1'  — ,  to  pay  attention. 

Uditdre  ;«.;  i.  hearer,  a.  pupil.  3-  =  Audi- 
tore. 

Udit6rio  »*. ;  i.  in.  audience.  2.  as  adj.,  i.q. 
Uditivo. 

Udi-triceyC;  hearer,    -zidnef.;  (leg.)  hearing. 

Ud6re  m. ;  pop.  for  Odore.    "dampness. 

Ufficial-e ;  i.  official.  2.  as  sb.,  of- 
ficer. -6tto  or  -ino  in. ;  young  officer, 
-itay; ;  I.  official  corps,  officers  or  offi- 
cials as  a  whole.  2.  A  tutta  -ita,  in  full 
official  form,  -mgnte ;  adv.  -uccio ; 
dim.  spreg. 

Ufficiare;  i.  to  make  an  official 
request  or  requisition.  2.  (eccl.)  to 
serve,  or  intr.  to  officiate. 

Ufficio,  Uffizio  or  Uflzio  m.  (L.  of- 
ficium,  duty,  either  <ob,  prep.,  or  ops, 
help,+facere,  to  do) ;  office,  depart- 
ment in  an  office.  —  cassa,  cash  de- 
partment. D'  — ,  officially. 

Uffici6s-o;  =  Officioso.  -4^-ame'nte. 

Uffizi-ale;  v.  Ufficiale.  -are;  v. 
Ufficiare.  -atura/;  i.  duty  of  offici- 
ating in  some  church.  2.  stipend  for 
saying  prescribed  Masses,  -o  m. ;  v. 
Ufficio. 

Uffizi-61o,  -u61o  m. ;  (eccl.)  matins 
with  prayers  to  the  Madonna,  or  the 
prayer-book  then  used. 

Uflzi-o,  and  derivatives ;  v.  Uffici-o 
ecc. 

Ufo;  A — ,  as  adv.  i.  Mangiare  a 
— ,  to  eat  the  bread  of  idleness.  Man- 
giapanacci  a — ,  spunger.  2.  uselessly. 

H. 


S'  e  fatto  il  viaggio  a — ,  he  has  had 
his  journey  for  nothing. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Milanese  dial,  a  off,  Comascan 
a  up,  Provenc.  itfiiiia.  vanity,  Span,  ufans,  haughty, 
a  itfo,  used  as  in  Italian,  <  O.H.G.  w/ (>  Germ. 
auf,  upon),  akin  to  E.  up,  uppish,  the  sense  of 
uppish  passing  into  that  of  spunger. 

Ugello  m. ;  blast-pipe  with  a  conical 
inlet,  twyer. 

tfgg-ia,  pi.  Ugge  /  ;  i.  deep  shade, 
semi-darkness.  2.  fig.  gloominess.  3. 
feeling  of  discomfort,  distress.  4. 
gloomy  story.  5.  Dell'  — ,  as  adj., 
worthless.  Dica  a  quel  signer  professor 
delP — che  non  mi  secchi  piu,  tell  that 
ass  of  a  teacher  that  he  need  not  come 
bothering  me  any  more.  6.  Avere  in 
— ,  to  dislike.  Venire  in  — ,  to  get  dis- 
liked. Aff.  -erella  or-arella  dims. 

Etym.  nnkn.    Two  suggestions  are  forthcoming : 

(1)  <  L.   obi'iam,  against,  ~>  **obvia,  disagreeables, 
the  phonetic  change  being  analogous  to  that  of  L. 
pluvia>ll.  pioggia,   L.   aUtviare  >  \t.   alleggiare, 

(2)  <  L.  odia,  pi.  of  odium,  which  is  supported  by 
the  Milanese  and  Comascan  form  aveir  in  ogia,  to 
dislike,  where  in  ogia  corresponds  to  Fr.  ennui,  v. 
Noia.     For  -di>-%gi,  cp.   L.  hodie>ll.  oggi. 

Uggiol-are  ind.  uggiolo  (L.  ejulare, 
<  ehi  as  a  natural  cry  of  pain) ;  to 
whine  or  howl.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -iofreq.  sb. 

Uggios-amdnte  adv.,  -£tto  or  -fno 
dims.,  -ita,,  -o  adj.,  v.  Uggia. 

Ugg-ire,    or   Augg-ire,    ind.  -isco. 

1.  to   throw   gloom   upon,   v.    Uggia. 

2.  -irsi,  to  be  bored. 

Ugioli  m.  pi. ;  only  occurring  in  the 
vulgar  phrase  Tra —  e  barugioli,  mean- 
ing, all  told.  It  seems  to  be  a  variant 
of  Uzzolo,  q.v.,  whilst  Barugioli  is  the 
same  word  with  pegg.  prefix  Bar-. 

Ugna/ ;  pop.  for  Unghia,  nail. 

'Ugna;  pop.  for  Bisogna. 

Ugnare ;  to  cut  obliquely,  as  if  paring 
a  nail. 

Ugnata/;  i.  scratch  with  a  claw  or 
nail.  2.  notch. 

Ugn-atura / ;  i.  oblique  cut.  Ca- 
lettatura  a — ,  mitre-joint.  2.  basil,  the 
oblique  slope  near  the  edge  of  a  chisel. 

Ugn£lla  /  ;  i.  — ,  Unghiella,  or 
Unguella,  horny  excrescence  on  a 
horse's  leg.  2.  a  fine  gouge  used  by 
goldsmiths. 

Ugn^llo  m.  (dim.  Ugna) ;  claw  of  a 
small  animal. 

Ugnere ;  pop.  for  Ungere,  to  grease. 

Ugnetto  ni.  ;  graving  tool  with  a  flattened 
point. 

Ugni  ;  pop.  for  Ogni,  every.  In  —  stante,  = 
Nonostante,  nevertheless. 

Ugndlo ;  i.  of  a  horse,  with  thin,  weak  legs. 
2.  as  sb.  =  Ugnello,  claw. 

Ugn6ne  m. ;  augnt.  Ugna. 

Ugola  /  ( L.  uvula,  dim.  of  uva, 
grape,  from  the  shape  of  the  organ) ; 
(anal.)  uvula.  Perder  1' — ,  to  get  out 
of  breath.  Toccare,  Mordere  1'  — ,  to  be 
agreeable  to  eat.  Non  toccare  1'  — ,  of 
food,  to  be  not  enough.  Che  ti  caschi 
1'  — ,  a  vulgar  imprecation.  Far  venire 
1'  acqua  all'  — ,  to  make  one's  mouth 
water. 

Ugndtto  *«. ;  Huguenot. 

Etym.     An  alteration,  perhaps  part1*,    induced 


by  popular  etymology  from  the  proper  name  H  agues, 
either  of  Swiss  eingenvt  (of  which  there  was  a  variant, 
higuenot)  or  else  of  its  Low  Germ,  equivalent  ftd- 
geiiot.  The  original  of  these  is  the  Germ.  Eidgenoss, 
sworn  confederate,  <  Eid,  oath,  Cenosse,  comrade. 

TTguagli-are ;  i.  to  equal.  2.  to 
equalise. 

Aff.  -amento,  -anza,  -atore,  -atrira,  -atrice. 

Ugual-e ;  equal.     Aff.  -ita,  -me'nte. 

Etym.  L.  aeqifalis,<<ieqmts,  "level,  equal, 
perhaps  akin  to  O.H.G.  ewa,  law  (>  Germ.  Ehe, 
marriage),  Lith.  iki,  until,  Lettish  and  old  Prussian 
ik,  a  generalising  prefix,  as  in  Lettish  ikitinas,  daily, 
old  Prussian  ikni  (ik+kai\  if;  the  O.H.G.  eiva 
may  however  be  related  to  Sanskr.  eras,  habit, 
custom  "  (Walde). 

tUguanno  (Unguanno)  (co^n.  Proven9.  ogan, 
old  Fr.  onan,  old  Span,  hogano,  <  L.  hoc  anna) ; 
this  year. 

*  Uguannotto  m. ;  =  Avannotto. 
Uh  !  interj.  of  pain  or  surprise. 
Uischio  ;«. ;  (E.)  whisky. 

Uistiti  in. ;  marmoset,  Jacchiis  vulgaris. 

Ukase  ;  v.  Ucase. 

Ulano  m.  (Polish  word,  <Turkish  oglan  or 
olaii,  a  youth);  uhlan,  lancer. 

Ulcer-a  or  -e  f.,  with  //.    -e  or  -i  (L.,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Ulcer) ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ame'nto,  -are,  -ativo, 
•azione,  -etta  or  -ina  dims.,  -oso. 
•Ulcire(L-);  to  revenge. 

U  16ma  »/. ;  Turkish  doctor  of  laws. 

Ulfgin-e/i  (L.,  akin  to  uveo,  uvidus, 
udus,  with  Sabine  /  for  d,  root  ugue, 
wet,  v.  Umido) ;  dampness.  Aff.  -oso. 

*UIim-ento,  -oso;  v.  Ulire. 

*  Ulire  ;=Olire,  to  smell. 

Ulite  f.  (Gr.  o5Aof;  gum,  akin  to  ti\via,  to 
wrap);  (ined.)  inflammation  of  the  gums. 

Uliva,  Oliva  /.  (L.,  <  Gr.  AmFa) ; 

1.  olive.     2.  (hot?)  —  di  padule,  =  Padu- 
lina,  a  species  of  sedge.    3.  goldsmith's 
chisel,  graver. 

Ulivdggine  /. ;  (tot.)  wild  olive  tree, 
Olea  oleaster,  also  termed  Ulivastro, 
Ulivo  salvatico. 

Ulivagnolo ;  =  Ulivastro  adj. 

Uliv-ale,  -are  ;  olive-shaped. 
Ulivastrello  •«. ;  =  Eleagno. 

Ulivastro  ;  i.  coloured  like  a  nearly 
ripe  olive.  2.  as  sb.,  oleaster,  v.  Uli- 
vaggine. 

Ulivato;  planted  with  olive  trees. 

Ulivellay^;  a  sort  of  wedge  fitted  to  a  hole  in 
a  stone  which  has  to  be  hoisted  up. 
Ulivello  w. ;  dim.  Ulivo. 

Uliv6t-ay;,  -0  m. ;  olive  plantation. 

*Ulivierayl;  =  Frantoio,  olive  press. 

Ulivi6r-0  (-e,  -i) ;  Oliver. 
Ulivigno ;  olive-coloured. 

Ulivin-ayC,  -o  nt.\  dim.  of  Uliv-a,  -o. 

Ulfv-o,    Olfv-o   m. ;     i.    olive    tree. 

2.  olive  branch.    L'  —  benedetto,  conse- 
crated olive  branch.    Domenica  dell'  — , 
Palm  Sunday ;  Sabato  dell'  — ,  the  pre- 
ceding   Saturday.      Prov.    Agli    -i    un 
pazzo  sopra  e  un  savio  sotto,  i.e.  olive 
trees  should  be  pruned  hard  and  not 
over-manured. 

Ulivdne  m.;  augin.  Uliva. 

Ulmaria  /;  (bat.)  i.q.  Olmaria, 
meadow-sweet. 

Ulminay;;  ulmin,  a  dark,  gummy  exudation 
from  excrescences  in  elm  and  other  trees,  and  present 
in  peat,  vegetable  mould,  etc. 

Ulna/  (L.,  ».  Skeat,  sub  Ell);  (anat.)  the 
ulna. 

Ulteri6r-e  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  voc.); 
as  E.  Aff.  -mente. 

Ultim-amente;  at  last,  -are;  to  bring  to 
an  end.  -atum  ;  as  E.  -azidne/;  vbsb.  of -are. 

Ultim-o  (L.,  superl.  of  tiller,  v.  Skeat,  id. 
1910,  sub  Ulterior);  last.  Aff.  .og^nito. 

81 


642 

Ulto  (L.,  part,  of  ultiscor,  the  primi- 
tive meaning  of  which  seems  to  have 
been  "to  become  ulcerated," <ulcus^  v. 
Ulcera);  (poet.)  avenged.  Aff.  Ultore. 

Ultramontane;  v,  Oltramontano. 
*Ultroneo;  spontaneous. 
*  Ulula_/l;  =  Allocco,  owl. 

Ulul-are  ind.  ululo  (cogn.  Fr.  hurley 
Span,  aullar^  <  L.,  of  imit.  origin);  to 
howl.  Aff.  -ato,  -o,  vbsbs. 

Uiva./.;  (hot.)  oyster  green,  Uiva  lactuca. 
"Ulzioney^  (L.)»  revenge. 
Umanamente;  i.  kindly.    2.  humanly. 

Umanarsi;  i.  to  become  man.  2.  to 
become  sociable. 

Umanazidne/ ;  incarnation. 

Uman-^simo,  -ismo  /;/. ;  the  revival 
of  learning  in  the  I5th  century.  Aff. 
-ista. 

Umanit-ayT;  humanity.    Aff.  -ario. 

Uman-o  (L.,  v.  Omo);  i.  human.  2.  humane. 
3,  Lettere  -e,  polite  literature.  Aff.  -izzare, 

Umb4(Onibe);  =  Ebbe,  well  ! 

Umbell-a/  (L.,dim.  of  umbra,  shade);  (hot.) 
umbel.  Aff.  -ato,  -ifero,  -iforme. 

Umbilic-o  m.  (L.,  v.  Umbone)  ;  i.  =Ombelico, 
navel.  2.  (bot.)  —  di  Venere,  navelwort,  Cotyledon 
umbilicus.  Aff.  -ale,  -ato. 

Umb6n-e  (L.,  akin  to  L.  -umbilicus,  Gr.  6/n- 
(fioAd?,  old  Irish  itttbliit^  E.  navel);  boss  of  a  shield. 
Aff.  -ato. 

tUmbrina_/C;  i.  —  di  niuri,  black  umber  fish, 
v.  Corvina.  ii.  — di  canale,  maigre,  z>.  Sciaena. 

Umerale  m.\  (ecc/.)  humeral,  a  sort  of  scarf. 

Umett-are  ind.  time  t  to  (L.  umectare)',  to  wet. 
Aff.  -abile,  -amento,  -ativo,  -azione. 

Umid-accio  Pegg.,  -etto  dim.,  -ezza,  -iccio 
dim.  P^gg,,  -ino  dim,,  -ire  to  dampen,  -ita;  v.  -o. 

Umid-o;  i.  moist.  2.  as  so.,  a  stew  of  meat 
with  herbs,  ragoOt.  Aff.  -uccio  dim. 

Etym.  ]J.,<**ngmidj4St  akin  to  Gr.  uypos, 
wet,  Sanskr.  uksk,  to  sprinkle,  v.  Skeat,  sitb  Humid. 

Umil-e  (L.  hitmilist  <  humus,  ground,  T. 
Omo) ;  humble.  Aff.  -iamento,  -iare  vb.^  -lativo, 
-iatore,  -iatrice,  -iazione,  -mente,  -ta. 

*  Umiliaca  _/^;  =  Meliaca,  apricot. 
Ummintasca;  fam.    Come  disse    il    Pitti    al 

Granduca  Uh  !  m'  intasca  !  il  palazzp  e  mio  e  Firenze 
e  tua,  an  expression  used  upon  receiving  Uh  !  for  an 
answer  when  precise  information  is  desired. 

Umo  m.  (L.  humuS)  v.  Omo);  black  soil. 

Umorale  ;  (med.)  humoral,  v.  Uniore. 

Um6r-e  ;//.  (L.  humor^  moisture,  v. 
Umido);  I.  humour;  the  term  origi- 
nally meant  one  of  the  four  bodily 
"humours,"  blood,  phlegm,  bile  and 
black  bile,  the  prevalence  of  one  or 
other  of  these  being  supposed  to  pro- 
duce a  corresponding  mental  state.  2. 
juice,  humour  in  the  //'/.  sense.  3.  Bel- 
1J — ,  whimsical  disposition;  Siete  pure 
il  bell1  — ,  you  really  are  a  funny  fellow ; 
but,  Fare  il  bell'  — ,  is  to  carry  oddity  too 
far,  to  make  it  insolent;  Se  fara  il  bel- 
1'  —  lo  gastigheremo,  if  he  carries  on 
his  games  we  shall  punish  him. 

Aff.  -etto  -ino  dims.,  -ismo,  -ista,  -oso  juicy, 
-ucciaccio  dim.  spreg.  Pcgg. 

*  Umulo  »r.;  =  Rovistico,  privet. 
tUn  ;  pop.  for  Non. 

Unanim-e,  -em£nte,  -ita;  as  E. 
Unci-a,  -ale;  v.  Qncl-. 
"Uncicare;  i.  to  seize,     ii.  Jig.  to  steal. 

Uncin-are  ind.  uncfno ;  to  seize  with 
a  hook,  -ato;  hooked,  -fcllo  or  -<§tto 
m. ;  dim.  of  -o. 

Uncln-o  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  uncus^  cp. 
Gr.  oyKof,  barb  of  an  arrow,  root  ank,  to 
bend,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Angle);  i.  hook. 
2.  Jig.  pretext;  S'  attacca  a  tntti  gli  -i, 
he  hooks  on  to  every  excuse. 

Uncinuto;  i.  hooked.     2.  thievish. 


ULTO— URGIUNE 


Undic-enne;  eleven  years  old.  -esimo;  i.q. 
Undecimo,  or  as  sb.>  eleventh  part. 

Undici  (L.  underim^  v.  Undecimo); 
eleven.  N6  sette  ne  —  ,  i.e.  neither  well 
nor  badly. 

"Undunque;  wherever. 

,     Ungarico  or  (poet.)  Ungaro,    Ungherese, 
Unghero  ;    Hungarian. 

tJngere  ind.  ungo  ung\...perf.  unsi, 
part,  unto  (cogn.  old  Fr.  oigner,  Fr. 
oindre,  Span,  ungir^  Proven?.  onhery 
<  L.  ungere,  akin  to  O.H.G.  ancho^ 
butter,  Irish  imb^  butter,  if.  Skeat,  sub 
Unguent);  i.  to  anoint,  to  grease.  2.  fig. 
to  bribe.  Prov.  Bocca  unta  non  disse 
mai  male,  i.e.  bribes  will  always  stop  a 
person  from  speaking. 

Ungherino  m.\  dresser  of  Hungarian  tawed 
leather. 

Unghi-a,  Ugn-a/  (cogn.  Fr.  ongle^ 
Span,  una,  <  L.  ungula,  dim.  of  unguis^ 
cp.  Gr.  ow£,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Nail);  I. 
finger  or  toe-nail.  2.  horny  part  of  a 
hoof.  3.  Esser  carne  e  —  con  uno,  to 
be  his  bosom  friend.  4.  in  //.,  bills  of 
an  anchor.  Aff.  -accia/<*gff. 

*Unghiale  w.;  =  Uncino,  hook. 

TJnghiata,  TJgnata  /;  i.  scratch 
with  the  nail.  2.  mark  of  a  scratch. 

Unghiato;  furnished  with  nails. 


Undecimo  ( 


w«w^,  decimns)\  eleventh. 


Unghi6ttayi  ;  cross-cutting  chisel. 
Unghiblo  m.  ;  bird's  claw. 

Unghi-6ne  m.\  augm.  of  -a.    -uto;  i.q.  -ato. 

Ung-imento,  -it6re,  -it6ra;  vbsbs.  of  -ere. 
*Ungola/l;  membrane  formed  over  the  eye. 
t  Unguanno  ;  =  Uguanno,  this  j-ear. 

Ungu^lla  /  ;  i.  =  Ugnella  (r).  2. 
numbness  of  the  finger-ends. 

Unguentare  ind.  unguento  ;  to  anoint,  to  put 
pomatum  on. 

Unguentari-o  m.  \  i.  scent-maker,  perfumer. 
2.  Ghianda  -a,  ben-nut,  fruit  of  the  horse-radish 
tree,  Moringa  pterygosperma,  from  which  watch- 
makers' oil  of  ben  is  prepared. 

Unguento  m.\  ointment,  grease. 

Unibil-e;  v.  Unire.    Aff.  -ita. 

Unic-0//.  unici  (L.,<unus)  ;  I.  sole, 
single,  unique;  In  Italia  i  figliuoli  -i 
sono  esenti  dalla  leva,  only  sons  are  not 
liable  for  conscription  in  Italy;  Coll' 
—  stipendio  non  si  campa,  one  cannot 
live  upon  one's  pay  alone.  2.  extra- 
ordinary, rare  ;  Gli  vuole  un  ben  —  ,,she 
is  extraordinarily  fond  of  him;  E  d' 
un'  ignoranza  -a,  he  is  extraordinarily 
ignorant.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Unicol6re;  of  uniform  colour. 

Unicdrno  M.;  as  E. 

Unific-are  ind.  unifico,  -hi;  to  unify.  Aff. 
-abile,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione. 

Uniform-are  ind.  uniformo;  to  conform.  Aff. 
-azidne. 

Uniform-e;  as  E.     Aff.  -em£nte,  -ita. 

Unigenito;  only  (son).  Bolla  —  ,  the  Bull  of 
Clement  XI  against  the  Jansenists  (1713). 

Uni-laterale,  -6ne,  -paro  ;  as  E. 

Unipetalo;  (hot.)  monopetalous. 

Unire  ind.  unisco,  perf.  unii,  parts,  unente 
unito  ;  to  unite. 

Unisillab-o  m.\  monosyllable.     Aff.  -ico. 

Unisono  ;  i.  m.  as  E.     2.  adj.  in  unison. 

Unit-a_/;  unity,  -amente;  unitedly,  -ario  ; 
i.  as  E.  2.  partisan  of  political  union.  -6zza./; 
uniformity  of  style,  -ivo  ;  adj.  -6re  m.,  -riceyi; 
vbsbs.  of  Unire. 

Univalv-e,  -o  ;  (zool.)  as  E. 

Univers-ale;  as  E.  Aff.  -aleggiare,  -allta, 
-alizzare,  -almente,  -ita,  -itario,  -o  (L.  urtiversus,  lit. 
turned  towards  one,  hence  collective,  and  so,  uni- 
versal). 


Univoc-are  ind.  umvoco;  to  give  one  name 
to  objects  only  partly  similar,  as  when  all  creatures 
which  live  by  breathing  are  termed  animals.  Aff. 
-amente,  -azione,  -o. 

Unnico;  of  the  Huns. 

Uno(L.);  i.  one.  2.  indcf.  article, 
a.  3.  indef.  pron.  one.  4.  L'  un  per 
T  altro,  comparing  one  with  another. 
5.  Essere  tutt'una,  to  be  all  one.  6.  Ad 
—  ad  —  ,  one  by  one.  7.  Andare  neli' 
un  via  —  ,  never  to  reach  the  end,  //'/. 
to  start  saying  the  multiplication  table  ; 
Chi  volesse  trattare  a  fondo  certe  cose 
andrebbe  nell'  un  via  —  ,  there  are  some 
things  which  it  would  be  an  endless 
task  to  discuss  thoroughly,  i'.  Via  (il). 
8.  Star  per  —  ,  to  be  of  the  same  opinion 
ashe.  9.  In—  ,  together.  10.  Adun'ora, 
at  the  same  time.  n.  Tanto  per  —  , 
at  so  much  a  head. 

*Unqua(L.);  i.  ever.     ii.  wherever. 
*Unquan-che,  -co;  never. 

Unt-are;  =  Ungere,  to  grease.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atina,  -atura. 

Unto;  i.  part.  Ungere.  2.  as  sb.^ 
grease. 

Unt6r-e  ;//.  ;  greaser.  Aff.  -ello  dim. 
spreg. 

Untos-ita,  -o;  pop.  for  Untuos-. 

Untuario  /«.;  greasing-room  (in  ancient  baths). 

Untume  m.  ;  quantity  of  grease,  or 
fig.  bribery. 

Untu6s-o  or  pop.  Unttfso  ;  greasy. 
Aff.  -ita. 

Unzi6ne  f.  ;  i.  (eccl.)  unction.  2. 
(med.)  inunction. 

U6mo;  v.  Omo.  *Uom  =  Si,  any  one,  cp.  Fr. 
ont  D.  Purg.  15.  30. 

U6po  m.  (cogn.  Proveng.  ops,  old  Fr. 
oes,  old  Span.  huevos,<.  L.  opus,  work)  ; 
need.  Esser  d'  —  ,  to  be  needed. 

*  A  mio  —  ,  as  far  as  I  am  concerned. 

U6sa/  (O.H.G.  hosd,  v.  Skeat,  sub 

Hose);  \\\  pi.  leggings. 

*  some  kind  of  iron  shoe  or  boot. 
Udyo  j  f.  Ovo. 

*Upiglio  ;;/.  (L.  nlpii  ww/);  =  Aglio. 

Upupa  f.  (L.,  of  imit.  origin)  ;=  Bubbola, 
hoopoe. 

Uraco  ///.  (L.,<Gr.  ovpayoy);  (anat.)  urachus. 

Uragan-o  m.  (cogn.  Span,  huracan^ 
Fr.  ottragan,  Portug.  furacao,  E.  hur- 
ricane, of  Carib  origin,  Huracano  being 
stated  to  be  a  Carib  word  for  the  god  of 
storms);  hurricane.  Aff.  -oso. 

Urango  m.  (Malay  word);  orang-utan. 

Uranio  ;//.  ;  (chem.)  as  E. 

Uranograf-iay;  (Gr.);  as  E.     Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Urandscopo  ;/;.;  star-gazer  fish,  Uranoscopus 
scaber,  locally  termed  Bocca  in  cao,  Toti,  Chiachia, 
Muon,  Coccio  or  Cocciu  or  Cozzolo  impiriali,  Pesce 
rete,  Pesce  mesoro  ;  it  is  named  from  its  habit  of 
urying  itself  in  the  mud  except  only  the  top  of  its 
head,  which  is  cube-shaped  and  has  the  eyes  on  the 
top. 

Urban-o  (L.)  ;  i.  urban.  2.  urbane.  Aff. 
-amente,  -ita, 

*  Urcay!;  —  Orca,  transport  ship. 
Urea/.";  as  E. 

Uredtne  f.  (L.,<Krere,  to  burn)  ;  rust,  in  plants. 
Urente  (L.);  (med.)  burning. 
Uretere  m.  (Gr.  ,  <  oupe'w,  v.  Orina);   (anat.') 
as  E. 

Uretra/:  (Gr.,  v.  Uretere);  (anat.)  urethra. 
Urg-ente,  -entem^nte,  -enza;  z.  -ere. 

Orgere,  only  used  in  3rd  sing,  of  the  pres., 
imfterf.  andy"«^.  and  as  participial  adj.  urgente  (L., 
z'.  Skeat,  sub  Urge,  Wreak);  to  be  pressing. 

fUrgiune  de  niuri  m.  \  black  goby  fish,  v. 
Ghiozzo  (4). 


p 
b 


URI— UZZOLO 


643 


Uri  /  (Turkish  word,  ///  with  gazelle-like 
eyes)  ;  houri. 

Uria   (A)  f.    (Or.   ovpia,   v.   Orina);   (ornitk.) 

1.  guillemot,  Cataractes  troilf.     2.  —  minore,  little 
auk,  Alca  alle. 

t(B)  (cogii.  Proven^.  afir,  fortune  ;<L.  auguria 
H.  pi.,  v.  Augurio);  i.  A  —  f  =  A  caso,  haphazard, 
ii.  =  Malangurio,  ill  omen. 

Urigino  m.  ;  =  Occhione,  stone  curlew. 

Url-are  (cogn.  Fr.  hurler,  Span. 
aullar,  Prove  nc,.  udolar,  <  L.  ululare, 
prob.  by  dissimilation  to  **urutare, 
and  subsequent  contraction  ;  of  imit. 
origin)  ;  to  howl. 

Aff.  -ata,  -10  frtq.  sb.,  -o  sb.,  -ona,  -due. 
Urn-ayl  (L.,  for  **urcna,  cp.  urceus,  pitcher, 
>  It.  Orcio);  as  E.     Aff.  -etta,  -cttina  dims. 
Uro  m.  (L.);  aurochs,  Bison  bonassits. 
Urodeli  m.pl.  (Gr.);  tailed  amphibians. 

Urogallo  in.  (naturalists'  L.,  formed 
upon  the  German  name  for  the  bird, 
Auerhahn)  ;  capercailzie,  v.  Gallo  (B,  3). 

Urra  !  hurrah  ! 

Urracay;  (Arabic  'araq,  juice);  arrack,  palm 
wine. 

*  Ursacchio  m.  ;  =  Orsacchio,  bear's  cub. 
Urs6ne  m.;  a  species  of  porcupine. 
Una/;  v.  Urto(2). 
Urt-acchiareyr<y.,  -am£nto  vbsb.,  of  -are. 

Urt-are  ;  to  knock  against. 

Etym.  dub.  Cogn.  Provenc.  urtar,  old  Fr. 
hurtrr  (>  E.  hurt);  the  simplest  derivation  is  to 
refer  them  to  a  bit.  **urtare,  <  **  urtum,  supine  of 
L.  urgere,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Hurt. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atina,  -atore,  -icchiare  freq. 

Urtilli  m.  ft.;  v.  Urto  (3). 

Urticaria_X  (L.,  v.  Ortica);  (mett.)  nettlerash. 

Urt-0  m.  ;    i.  knock,   shock,   clash. 

2.  Prendere  in  —  ,  or  in  urta,  to  feel  an 
antipathy,  to  take  up  a  hostile  attitude 
towards.     3.  in  pi.  -i,  or  Urtelli,  lumps 
made  in   a  saddle  to  give  the  rider  a 
means  of  gripping.    *sync.  part,  of  -are. 
Aff.  -onata,  -one,  augm. 


Urucu  m.;  (£0/.)  =  Orellina,  arnotto  plant. 

Us-abile;  v.  -are.  -anzay^;  custom.  Paese 
che  vai  -an/a  che  trovi,  i.e.  every  country  has  its 
own  customs. 

Us-are;  i.  to  be  in  use.  2.  to  be 
accustomed.  3.  to  use.  Part,  -ato  : 
4.  second-hand  (book  or  clothes).  5. 
worn  out. 

Usatt-o  m.  (lengthened  form  of 
Uosa);  riding-boot,  Wellington  boot. 
*leather  bag.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Usbergo  (Asbergo)  m.  (O.H.G. 
halsberg,  =  neck-defence)  ;  hauberk,  coat 
of  mail. 

Usc^nte  ;  pres.  part.  Uscire. 
Use-era,  -ere  ;  v.  Usci-era,  -ere. 
Uscett-ino,  -o  ;  sub-dim.,  of  Uscio. 
Usciale  /«.  ;=  Vetrata,  glass  door. 

*  Usciame  w.;  =  Sciame,  swarm. 

Uscidta/  ;  banging  of  the  door. 
Uscier-e   m.  ;     i.    door-keeper.     2. 
usher  to  a  tribunal.     Aff.  -a  portress. 

Usci-me'nto  m.;  vbsb.  of  -re. 
Uscino  m.  ;  dim.  Uscio. 

Usci-o  m.  ;  i.  door.  2.  Prcn/.  Chi 
non  1'  ha  all'  —  1'  ha  alia  finestra,  Croce 


being  understood,  i.e.  misfortune  is 
bound  to  be  somewhere.  3.  A  —  e 
bottega,  just  at  hand,  close  by. 

Aff.  -oletto,  -olino  sttb-dints.,  -olp  dim. 
Usciolo  m.;  v.  supra.     t  =  Assiolo,  owl. 

Uscire  or  Escire  ind.  esco  esci 
esce  usciamo  uscfte  escono,  imperf. 
uscivo,  perf.  uscii  uscisti...,  fut.  usciro, 
subj.  esca  usciamo  usciate  escano,  itnpe- 
rat.  esci  uscite,  parts,  uscendo  uscente 
usci'to  (L.  exire);  i.  to  go  out.  2.  of  a 
book,  to  come  out.  3.  —  fuor  di  se,  to 
become  delirious.  4.  to  result.  5.  of 
a  lecture,  church  service,  etc.,  to  be 
finished.  6.  Escirci,  to  be  enough ; 
In  questa  pezza  di  cambri  ci  escono 
almeno  vend  camicie,  that  piece  of 
stuff  will  make  at  least  twenty  shirts. 

7.  of  a  word,  or   sentence,  to  end  in. 

8.  Uscente,  of  a  month  more  than  half 
of  which  is  past.     9.   —  di  bando,  to  be 
recalled  from  exile.     10.  — di  passo,  to 
walk  faster. 

Usclt-ay^;  i.  egress,  outlet.  2.  out- 
come, upshot.  3.  export.  4.  leaving 
school  or  college.  5.  termination  (of 
verbs).  6.  outburst,  e.g.  of  indignation. 
7.  (mus.)  modulation.  In  pi.  8.  drop- 
pings of  animals.  9.  expenses.  Aff. 
-accia  pegg. 

Usciuolo  m.;=  Usciolo,  dim.  of  Uscio. 
t Usellina_/T;  thorny  loach,  v.  Cobio  (2). 

Usign-61o,  -ublo  m. ;  v.  Rosignolo. 
Usitato  ;  in  common  use. 

Uso  (L.,  v.  Utile) ;  i.  sync.  part. 
of  Usare.  2.  as  sb.,  use,  habit.  3.  use, 
power  of  using.  4.  A — ,  in  the  shape 
of;  Vive  a  —  signore,  he  lives  like  a 
gentleman  ;  Parla  a  —  contadino,  he 
talks  like  a  peasant.  So  in  challenging 
a  statement,  A  — ?  as  for  instance  ? 

Usolare  ind.  usolo ;  to  peep  or  listen 
secretly. 

Etym.  Prob.  either  <  O.  H.G.  hlostn  (>  Germ. 
lausclien,  to  listen,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Listen),  through  a 
dim.  form  **  losu-lare,  or  else  <  Gothic  Iiansjan,  to 
hear  (v.  Skeat,  sub  Hear),  through  some  similar  dint. 
**  ausultire. 

*  Usoliere    (Asoliere)    m.    (prob.    of   Germanic 
origin,    cp.    Uosa) ;    i.    waist-belt.      ii.    hangman's 
rope. 

Ussaro,  Ussero  m.  (Hungarian  hus- 
zar,  <  Servian  chusar,  pirate,  <  late  Gr. 
Kovpo-dpms,  corsair,  <  late  L.  cursarius, 
v.  Corsaro)  ;  hussar. 

*  Uss-o  m.,  -a/!;  =  Zingaro,  a  gipsy. 
Ussoric-ida  m.  (L.);  wife-killer.    Aff.  -idio. 

*Usta^  (for  ** Nusta,  cp.  Piedmontese  nasta, 
of  Germanic  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Sneeze)  ;=  Passata, 
scent. 

Ustilaggine y^;  =  Carbonchio,  smut  in  wheat. 

Usti6ne/  (L.);  (ined.)  bum. 
Usto  (A)  (L.  us/us);  (poet.)  burnt. 

*(B)  (for  Austo,  <  L.  augustits);  \.  the  principal 
cable  of  a  galley,  ii.  long  cable  made  by  two  joined 
end  to  end. 

Ustol-are  ind.  ustolo  (of  Germanic 
origin,  v.  Usta);  i.  of  a  dog  when 


scenting  game,  to  give  tongue.  2.  by 
ext.,  of  a  beggar,  to  whine.  Aff.  -one, 
-ona,  one  who  whines. 

Ustbrio  m.  ;  burning-glass.  Also 
as  adj. 

*  Ustoso  (v.  Usta,  Ustolare);  whining. 

TJstrinayi  (L.) ;  crematorium. 

Usual-e  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -ita,  -mcnte. 

Usucap-idne  /  (L.) ;  (leg.)  usucap- 
tion,  right  to  property  acquired  by 
undisturbed  possession  for  some  long 
term  of  years.  Aff.  -ire. 

Usufrtltt-0  m.  (L.) ;  (leg.)  usufruct, 
right  to  the  annual  product  of  land  but 
not  to  take  anything  which  would  injure 
its  value  to  the  reversioner.  Aff.  -are, 
-uario,  person  entitled  to  usufruct. 

Usur-a  /.  (L.);  usury.  Aff.  -aiaccio  pegg., 
-aietto  dim.,  of  -aio,  -aio  or  -iere  usurer. 

Usurp-am6nto,  -are,  -ativame'nte,  -at6re, 
-atrice,  -azi6ne  ;  as  E.  (I,.,  <usus,  rapio.) 

*  Ut,  Utte  m.;  (mus.)  old  term  for  D6. 
Uta  ;  pop.  for  Avuta. 

*  Utello  m.  (dim.  of  L.  uter,  vessel,  v.  Otre) ; 
small  cruet. 

Utensile  m.  (I,.,  lit.  fit  for  use) ;  as  E. 

Uten-te  ;  entitled  to  the  use,  e.g.  of  a  particular 
stream  of  water.  Aff.  -za,  legal  ushership. 

VJter-o  m.  (L.,  akin  to  Gr.  vcrre'pa,  Sanskr. 
udiira,  belly);  womb.  Aff.  -ino  adj. 

Util-e;  i.  useful.  2.  Vacca  a  — , 
cow  in  season  for  the  bull.  3.  as  si., 
advantage.  4.  profit ;  Mettere  a  conto 
d'  -i,  to  put  to  the  credit  of  profit  and 
loss.  5.  i.q.  Frutto,  interest  on  a  loan. 

Aff.  -ita,  -itario  as  E.,  -itarismo,  -izzare,  -izza- 
zione,  -mente. 

Etym.  L.  ntilis,<_uti,  to  use,  perhaps  akin 
to  Gr.  oto-w,  fut.  of  **otTu,  to  carry,  Sanskr.  etas, 
hastening ;  utor  aliqud.  re,  I  push  myself  forward 
by  it,  =  t  use  it.  Referred  by  Prellwitz  to  root  ti, 
to  go. 

*  Utonno  m. ;~  Autunno,  autumn. 

Utop-ia  (Gr.  ov,  not,  TOITOS.  place,  v.  Topico); 
as  E.  Aff.  -ista. 

*Utre  m.  ory!;=Otre,  bladder. 

Utriacay1^;  pop.  for  Triaca,  dose  of  medicine. 

Utricolo  m.  (L.,  dim.  of  uterus);  (bat.) 
i.  utricle,  seed-vessel  consisting  of  a  very  thin 
loose  pericarp,  enclosing  a  single  seed.  2.  any 
thin  bottle-like  body.  3.  the  two  confluent  glumes 
of  Carex. 

*  Utte  ;  v.  Ut. 

Uva/  (L.) ;  (bot.)  i.  grape.  2.  —  de' 
frati,  —  crispa,  or —  spina,  gooseberry, 
Ribes  uva  crispa.  3.  —  marina  altis- 
sima,  a  species  of  Ephedra.  4.  — orsina, 
red  bear-berry,  Arctostaphylos  uva  ursi. 
5.  --  turca,  Virginian  poke- weed,  v. 
Erba  (7).  6.  —  di  volpe,  herb  Paris, 
Paris  quadrifolia. 

Uvaceo,  Uyeo;  adjs.  of  Uva. 
•Uvero  m. ;  i.  =Ubero,  breast,    ii.  teat. 

Uv-6tta,  -ina;  dims,  iiezz.  of  Uva. 

Uvizzolo  m.;  (bot.)  wild  vine,  v.  Lambrusca. 
t  Uzza  /  (var.  of  Uggia);  pungency  in  the  air. 

Uzz-ato;  bulged  (cask),  -o  m. 
bulge. 

Uzzolo  m.  passionate  desire ;  Gli 
e  venuto  1'  —  dello  schioppo,  he  has  de- 
veloped a  passion  for  shooting. 

Etym.  unkn.  Perhaps  <  dial.  Germ,  hittzen 
(>  Venetian  dial,  uzzar),  akin  to  O.H.G.  hazjan 
(>  Germ,  hetten,  to  incite). 


l— 2 


644 


V— VALDISTRULLA 


V  m. ;  pronounced  Vu.  It  frequently 
interchanges  with  B,  Biglietto  or  Vig- 
lietto,  Debbo  or  Devo,  and  with  G, 
Pargolo  or  Parvolo,  Nugolo  or  Nuvolo. 

Abbreviations: — Verbo,  Voce,  Vita, 
Verso,  Vergine,  Vescovo,  Venerabile, 
Visse,  Vedi,  Vostro,  Volume,  Vento. 
V.A.  Vostra  Altezza.  V.I.  Valuta  in- 
tesa,  on  a  bill  of  exchange,  v.  Valuta  (4). 
V.G.  Verbi  gratia.  V.P.  Vostra  Pater- 
nita.  V.r.,  V.s.  Vedi  retro,  Vedi  sopra. 
E.V.  Eravolgare.  M.V.  Maria  Vergine. 
B.V.  Beata  Vergine.  P.V.  Prossimo 
venture,  or  Processo  verbale.  T.  V.  Tes- 
tamento  vecchio.  V.S.  Vostra  Santita, 
Signoria.  VV.  Vite(//.),lives.  VV.MM. 
Le  vostre  Maesla.  VV.  FF.  Venerabili 
fratelli.  As  a  Roman  letter  it  meant  5 
or,  with  a  bar  over  it,  5,000. 

*It  formerly  interchanged  with  D,  Chiodi  or 
Chiovi,  Adultero  or  Avoltero,  and  with  M,  Vembri 
0rMembri.  t  Locally  it  interchanges  with  Gu  orQu, 
Vadagno  =  Guadagno,  Vaini  =  Quattrini,  Vi  =  Qui. 

Va  ;  used  as  3rd  sing.  pres.  of  Andare. 

Va'  or  Vah  !  interj.  spreg.  or  schtrz.,  like  Gua', 
just  look  ! 

Vac-abile  ;  v.  -are.     -ante  ;  as  E. 

•  Vacanteria  /  ;=  Superfluita,  Vanita. 
Vacanza/!;  i.  vacancy.     2.  holiday. 
Vacare  (L.,  v.  Vacuo);  to  be  vacant. 

Vacc-a_/  (L.,  akin  to  Sanskr.  va$a 
for  **-vaksa,  cow ;  it  probably  means 
"the  lowing  animal,"  cp.  Sanskr.  va(, 
to  cry,  to  howl,  to  low,  v.  infra,  Vagire) ; 
I.  cow.  2.  silk- worm  swollen  with  dis- 
ease, which  will  not  form  a  cocoon. 
3.yf^.  =  Fannullone,  lazy-bones.  4.  livid 
mark  on  the  legs  due  to  the  Scaldino, 
q.v.  5.  Lingua  di  — ,  a  kind  of  anvil 
used  by  goldsmiths.  6.  —  marina,  sea- 
cow,  manatee.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Vaccaia/;  —  bigia  or  scura,  =  Capovnccaio, 
Egyptian  vulture. 

Vacc-aio,  -arc  m.  ;  cowherd. 

Vacear^ccia/i ;  herd  of  cows. 

Vacc-arella,  -herella  /  ;  dim.  -a. 

Vaccherfa/ ;  milk-shop. 

Vaech^tta  f.  ;  i.  cow-hide,  cow 
leather.  2.  (com.)  waste-book,  day-book, 
usually  bound  in  cow  leather.  3.  (eccl.) 
priest's  record-book,  where  masses  or 
other  offices  that  have  been  said  are 
recorded. 

Vacc-hicina  dim.  vezz.,  -hina  dim.,  of -a. 

Vacchino  ;  (vet.)  with  legs  like  a  cow's. 

Vaccin-are  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -abile,  -atore,  -azione, 
-ico,  -ifero. 

Vaccin-o;  i.  of  a  cow.  2.  Carne  di  bestia -a, 
or  absolutely,  Vaccina,  beef.  3.  as  so.,  cow-pox. 
4.  vaccine.  Aff.  -6geno. 

*Vaccio  (L.  vivax,  cp.  Avivacciato) ;  i.  brisk, 
ii.  as  adv.,  speedily. 

Vacc-6na  augm.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg.,  of -a. 

Vacill-are  (L.,  root  nag,  to  bend,  v.  Conves- 
siti,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Woo);  as  E.  Aff.  -amento, 
-azione. 

Vacua/ ;  (tat.)  the  vauquois  plant  of  Mauritius, 
Pandanus. 

Vacu-o  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sui  Vacation);  empty. 
Aff.  -iti. 

*  Vadare  ;  =  Guadare,  to  ford. 
Vagab6nd-o ;  as  E.    Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -aggine, 

-aggio,    -are   vo.,  -eggiare,    -eria.     (L.,  <  vagus,    v. 
Vago,  with  suffix  -bundus.) 

Vag-ame'nte ;  i.  prettily.  2.  vaguely. 
Cp.  -o. 


Vagare  ind.  va-go  -ghi...  (L.,  v. 
Vago) ;  to  wander. 

Vagellaio  m. ;  dyer,  v.  Vagello. 
*  =  Vasellaio,  potter. 

Vagellare  ind.  vagello  (var.  of  Va- 
cillare) ;  to  wander,  rave. 

Vagell-ino  m.  ;  i.  dim.  of  -o. 
2.  dye. 

Vagello     m.     (var.     of    Vasello) ; 

1.  dyer's  vat.     2.  a  dye  made  of  woad 
and  indigo.     *  =  Arnia,  hive. 

Vaggiolo  ;//. ;  =Sovvaggiolo,  pad. 

Vagheggi-are  ind.  vaghdggio  (It. 
vago) ;  i.  to  gaze  at  with  delight,  D. 
Par.  26.  83.  2.  to  woo.  3.  to  ogle. 

4.  to  command  a  beautiful  view  over 
(a  landscape).     5.  to  long  for.    6.  -arsi, 
to  admire  oneself.   Aff.  -ame'nto,  -at6re. 

Vagheggin-o  ;«.,  -a/ ;  person  whose 
eyes  are  constantly  cast  about,  young 
gallant. 

Vagh^zza/.  (It.  vago);  i.  longing. 

2.  delight.     3.  grace,  charm. 

*  Vagilla  /.  (var.  of  Favilla)  ;  spark. 
*Vagillare;  i.  =  Vacillare.     ii.  =  Fantasticare. 

Vagin-a/.  (L.);  i.  sheath.  2.  (anat.)  as  E. 
Aff.  -ale,  -etta. 

Vag-ire  ind.  -isco  (L.,  root  uag,  to 
cry  out,  v.  Vacca);  to  cry,  as  babies. 
Aff.  -ito  sb. 

Vaglia  /  (It.  valere);  i.  worth. 
2.  -  -  postale,  or  simply  — ,  postal 
order. 

Vagliaio  m. ;  sieve-maker. 

Vagli-are;  i.  to  sift.  2.  fig.  to 
consider  carefully.  3.  to  toss  oneself 
about.  4.  in  shooting,  to  miss  a  bird 
through  the  shot  scattering  too  much. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atina,  -atore,  -atora,  -atrice,  -atura. 

Vagli-o  m. ;  i.  sieve.  2.  fig.  selec- 
tion, select  number.  3.  a  measure  for 
charcoal.  Aff.  -etti'no  sub-dim.,  -dtto 
dim. 

Etym.  L.  vannus,  through  contraction  of  dim. 
**rannuhts.  Vannu*  means  a  winnowing  fan,  not 
a  sieve,  but  being  used  as  a  means  of  separating 
wheat  from  chaff  passed  into  Italian  in  the  sense  of 
sieve,  synonymously  with  Crivello,  which  is  <  L. 
cribrum,  a  sieve.  Vannus  is  akin  to  vtntits,  root 
awe,  to  blow. 

Va-go  (L.,  root  uag,  to  bend,  v. 
supra,  Convessita);  i.  wandering. 
Hence,  from  the  idea  of  wandering  in 
search  of,  2.  desirous,  and  by  a  further 
extension  from  the  idea  of  grace  in  that 
which  moves  freely,  3.  pretty;  —  fan- 
ciullo,  pretty  child ;  Le  -ghe  stelle, 
beautiful  stars ;  Colori  -ghi,  pleasing 
colours ;  In  un  -  -  boschetto,  in  a 
charming  coppice.  4.  vague ;  in  this 
sense  the  word  is  always  used  after  its 
subject;  Discorso  — ,  a  vague  speech. 

5.  as  sb.,  beauty.     6.   (mar.)  —  d'  un 
cavo,  lay  of  a  rope.     * — ,  or  as  /  -ga, 
lover. 

Vagolare  ind.  vagolo ;  freq.  of 
Vagare. 


Vagollno  ;  weakly  cunning. 

Vagdne  m.  (E.  wagon,  root  wegh, 
to  carry,  v.  Veicolo) ;  railway  car  or 
truck. 

Vahabiti  m.  fl. ;  Wahabitis,  Puritan  Moslems. 
Vaiaio  ttt.  •  dealer  in  minevers,  T.  Vaio. 
Vaiano  ;  a  dark  variety  of  grape  and  wine. 

Vai-are  ind.  vaio  vai ;  i.  of  grapes, 
to  turn  colour.  Part,  -ato :  2.  of  a 
horse,  with  eyes  of  different  colours,  or 
with  a  bright  circle  in  the  eye,  wall- 
eyed. 3.  (herald.}  the  same  as  Vaio, 
but  with  colours  other  than  blue  and 
white. 

*Vaiezza/;  v.  Vaio. 

Vain-a  f.\  (contr.  of  Vagina)  (mar.)  tabling, 
edging,  of  a  sail.  —  di  inferitura,  head-tabling. 
—  del  bordame,  foot-tabling.  —  di  caduta,  leech- 
tabling,  ta  fish,  v.  Trachino. 

Vainella_/;  dim.  Vaina.  —  di  una  bandiera, 
edging  of  a  flag. 

Vainiglia  f.  (Span,  vainilla,  pod  or  capsule, 
dint,  of  Span,  vaina,  scabbard  or  pod,  the  seed- 
capsule  of  the  plant  being  a  long  thin  sheath,  <  L. 
vagina,  sheath);  (6at.)  i.  —  aromatica,  vanilla 
plant,  Epidendrum  vanilla,  a  Mexican  species  of 
orchid,  from  which  vanilla  spice  is  prepared.  2.  — 
de'  giardini,  heliotrope,  v.  Eliotropio  (i,  a). 

Vaio  m.  (L.  varius,  mottled) ;  i.  minever, 
which  is  a  corruption  of  Fr.  menu,  vair  (where 
T'a/r=vaio),  and  means  a  mixed  or  variegated  fur 
such  as  that  of  the  grey  squirrel.  2.  (zoo/.)  (a)  grey 
squirrel,  Sciurus  cintrcvs,  (t)  Malabar  squirrel, 
Sciunts  pitrpjtreus.  3.  as  aitj.,  of  grapes  or  olives, 
turning  in  colour,  changing  to  black. 

As  an  heraldic  term  ;  4.  vair,  an  heraldic  design 
for  minever:  this,  being  bluish  grey  on  the  back 
and  white  on  the  belly,  is  represented  on  the  shield 
by  blue  bell-shaped  figures  alternating  with  white 
ones  in  four  horizontal  rows.  When  these  figures 
are  placed  upside  down  in  the  second  and  fourth 
row,  so  that  they  fit  base  to  base  with  those  in  the 
first  and  third,  the  shield  is  termed  Controvaio. 
5.  Colonna  di  — ,  D.  Par.  16.  103,  refers  to  the  arms 
of  the  Pigli  family,  which  were  gules  (red)  with  a 
pale  (stake)  vair',  i.e.  the  shield  was  red  with  a 
vertical  stripe  down  the  middle,  coloured,  whether 
as  above  described  or  in  some  other  way,  to  represent 
minever.  6.  as  adj.,  vairy,  charged  with  vair. 

*i.  mottled,  it.  grey  (eye),  iii.  Allacciarsi  il — , 
lit.  to  lace  up  one's  fur,  i.e.  pursue  a  task  ener- 
getically. 

Vaiol-are  inii.  vai61o;  i.  to  turn 
black,  v.  Vaio  (3).  2.  part,  -ato, 
speckled. 

Vai61-o  m.  ;  small-pox.  Aff.  -oide, 
modified  small-pox.  -dso,  suffering 
from  small-pox. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  virole.  Span,  viruela,  Provenc. 
vairolo,<m\t.  variola,  a  dim.  formed  from  L.  varus, 
pimple,  akin  to  L.  varix,  varicose  vein,  Lith.  viras, 
measles  in  pork. 

Vaivdda  m.  (Slavonic,  <  voy-na,  war,  -wotla, 
leader);  provincial  governor  in  Hungary  and  the 
neighbouring  territories. 

Valacchia/ ;  (geogr.)  Wallachia. 

Valanga  (Fr.  avalanche,  cp.  aval, 
downward,  lit.  to  the  valley) ;  ava- 
lanche. 

Valcbiusa ;  (geogr.)  Vaucluse,  in 
France. 

Valdarno ;  (geogr.)  the  Arno  valley. 

Vald^se  ;  Waldensian,  follower  of 
P.  Waldo  of  Lyons,  who  initiated  an 
anti-sacerdotal  movement  in  the  twelfth 
century. 

Valdistrulla ;  Non  esser  di  — ,  to 
be  no  fool,  //'/.  not  to  come  from  the 
valley  of  fools,  v.  Strullo. 


VALEGGIO— VANTAGGIO 


645 


*Valeggio  w.;  strength. 

Val6nt-e ;  skilful,  capable.  Aff. 
-emente,  -fa,  -uomo. 

Valenza  / ;     i.    (chem.}    valency. 

2.  Terra  di  — ,  a  refractory  earth  suit- 
able for  fire-bricks. 

Val-ere  ind.  valgo  vali  vale  valiamo 
valdte  valgono,  perf.  valsi  valesti  valse 
valemmo  valeste  valsero,  fut.  varro 
varrai  varra  varrdmo  varre"te  varranno, 
cond.  varrei  varresti  varrebbe  varre"mmo 
varre'ste  varrebbero,  subj.  valga  valga 
valga  valiamo  valiate  valgano,  imperf. 
sitbj.  valessi  valessi  valesse  valessimo 
valeste  valessero,/rtr/j.  valendo  valente 
valso  or  valuto  (L.,  root  ual,  to  be  strong, 
>  Germ,  walten,  to  manage,  v.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Wield);  I.  to  be  worth,  to  have 
the  value  of.  2.  intr.  to  be  most  valuable. 

3.  Non  — ,  not  to  be  good,  to  be  ir- 
regular, out  of  order,  invalid.     4.  Farsi 
— ,   to   make   one's   wishes    respected. 
5.    Vale  e  che,  a  familiar  way  of  ex- 
pressing a  threat  or  a  surmise ;    Vale 
e  che  t'  appiccico  due  ceffoni,  I   shall 
have   to   give  you   a   couple   of   good 
slaps ;    Vale  e  che  non  ti  paga   altri- 
menti,  perhaps  he  will  pay  you  other- 
wise.    6.  -ersi  di,  to  make  use  of. 

Valeria  f.\  (0>-«;V//.)  =  Aqmla  di  mare,  osprey. 

Valeriana  /.  (L.,  prob.  <  the  personal  name 
Valerius,  <  valere,  to  be  strong) ;  (but.)  i.  — 
medicinale,  7'.  Krb.i  (126).  2.  —  de'  giardini, 
garden  valerian,  v.  Amantilla.  3.  —  rubra,  red 
valerian,  YaUritina  ntbra,  also  termed  Canaroni. 

4.  —  greca,  Jacob's  ladder,  Potcntonium  c/'critlt'itni. 

*  Valescio  m, ;  a  cotton  stuff. 

Valeria/ ;  (geogr.)  Valois,  in  France. 

Valetudinario  ;  as  E. 

Valetudineyl;  complexion,  temperament. 

Valevol-e  ;  valid.     Aff.  -mente. 

*  Valezzo  m.  (It.  valere)  :  ability. 

Valicabile;  fordable,  passable. 

Valicaio  in. ;  owner  of,  or  workman 
in,  a  silk  factory. 

Valicare  ind.  valico  ;  i.  to  cross, 
esp.  over  a  high  ridge  or  pass,  v.  Var- 
care.  2.  to  work  in  a  silk  factory. 
*  =  Rompere,  Disfare. 

Valico  in. ;  i.  var.  of  Varco,  pass. 
2.  an  implement  used  in  spinning  silk, 
hence  3.  silk  factory. 

Valid-amente,  -ita,  -o  ;  as  E. 
*Validore  ;//.;  assistant,  supporter. 

Valigeria/;  I.  saddlery.  2.  port- 
manteau-shop, v.  Valigia. 

Valfg-ia/;  valise,  trunk.  Aff.  -e'tta 
dim.,  -iaccia  pegg.,  -iaio  trunk-maker, 
-fna  dim.,  -i6na  augm. 

Etym.  itnkn.  Cogn.  Fr.  valise,  mlt.  valisia, 
Span,  balija.  The  guesses  at  the  origin  are  (i)  L. 
vidultts,  trunk,  by  contraction  from  a  derivative 
*°vidulitia  (Diez)  ;  (2)  Arabic  uallha,  bag  (Devic). 
•Val-imento  m.;  worth,  t-indarno  ;  good  for 
nothing.  *-itore  >«. ;  defender. 

*  Vallame  m.\  system  of  valleys. 
Vallano ;  Walloon. 

Vallare  ;  i.  Corona  — ,  mural  crown  given  in 
ancient  Roman  armies  to  the  first  man  who  scaled 
the  enemy's  defences.  2.  as  vb.  -  Circondare. 

Vallat-a  / ;  wide  valley.     Aff.  -ella  dim. 

Vall-e,  or  poet.  Valtea  /  (L.,  root 
ual,  to  bend,  cp.  Gr.  'HAtr,  faAir,  L. 
volvo,  v.  infra,  Volgere,  and  Walde, 
sub  Valles)  ;  valley.  A  — ,  down-hill. 
Aff.  -itta  -ettina  dims. 


Vallfcsia;  (geogr.)  Vaud  in  Switzer- 
land. 

Vall^tto  m.  (Provenc..  vallet<vas- 
let<  vasalet,  dim.  of  vasal,  v.  Vassallo) ; 
valet. 

Vall-icella  f.;  dint,  of  -e.  -igiano;  valley- 
dweller. 

Vallivo  ;  (earth)  washed  down  into  a  valley. 

Vallo  m.  (L.  vallum,  rampart,  < 
vallus,  stake;  for  relationship  to  valles 
v.Waldt,sui  Vallus};  rampart, palisade. 

Vallonata/ ;  broad  valley. 
Vallon-cello  m.  •  dim.  of  -e. 
Vall6n-e    m.    (A)  ;    augm.    Valle. 
(B)  ;  Walloon. 

Vallonea  f.  (named  after  the  city  of  Vallona  in 
Albania);  (hot.)  i.  a  species  of  oak,  Quercns  aegilops, 
also  termed  Gallonea.  2.  the  gall-nut  of  this  oak. 

Valdre  m.  (L.,  v.  Valere);  i.  value. 
2.  (com.)  negotiable  paper.  3.  valour. 

4.  excellence,  D.  Purg.  1 5.  72,  cp.  Par. 
10.  3;  Lo  primo  — ,  i.e.  God. 

Valoros-o ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Valsente  m.  ;  market  value.  In 
gioie  e  poderi  ha  un  —  d'  un  milione, 
he  possesses  a  million  in  gems  and  real 
estate. 

Valso;  part.  Valere. 

Valuta  f. ;  i.  market  value.  2.  com- 
mercial paper.  3.  Per  —  ricevuta,  a 
formula  used  on  a  bill,  "for  value  re- 
ceived." 4.  —  intesa,  or  by  way  of 
abbreviation  V.I.,  agreed  net  value. 

5.  Jig.  Esser  di  —  intesa  con  uno,  to 
have  a  secret  understanding  with  him. 

Valut-are  (It.  valuto,  part,  of  Valere);  to  ap- 
praise. Aff.  -abile,  -azione. 

Valuto ;  part.  Valere. 

Valv-a  /;  valve  of  a  shell-fish. 

Valvass6r-e,  -o  m.  (mlt.  vuhassorus,  <  vassus 
vassorHHi,  v.  Vassallo) ;  vavasour,  one  who  held 
land  under  a  vassal  of  the  Crown,  not  directly  under 
the  Crown. 

Valvol-a  /  (L.  valvula,  one  of  the 
two  flaps  of  a  pod,  dim.  of  valva,  leaf 
of  a  folding  door,  root  ual,  v.  Valle) ; 
valve.  —  di  alimentazione,  check  valve. 
-  di  distribuzione,  slide  valve.  —  di 
espansione,  cut-off  valve.  —  di  spurgo, 
blow-through  valve.  -  di  stantuffo, 
bucket  valve.  For  a  full  list  of  the 
various  descriptions  of  valve,  see 
Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.  Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Valzer  m.  indecl.  (Germ,  ivalzen, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Welter);  waltz. 

Vamp-a  f.  (It.  vampore) ;  blaze, 
flame.  Aff.  -accia,  -ata,  -eggiare  vb. 

Vampfro  ;«.  (Germ,  vampyr,  borrowed  from 
Servian,  prob.  <  Turkish  itber,  witch);  i.  as  E. 
2.  vampire-bat,  Vantpyrus  spectrum. 

Vampo  m. ;  Menar  — ,  to  boast. 

*  Vampore  m.  (var.  of  Vapore);  =  Vampa,  flame. 
VanaglAri-a/;  as  E.    Aff.  -are,  -osaminte, 

-OSO. 

Van-amente;  adv.  of-o. 
Vandal -o;  as  E.     Ajf.  -icamente,  -ico,  -ismo. 
Vandea;  (geagr.)  La  — ,  La  Vendee,  in  France. 
tVan£ggiay:;  =  Maneggia  (ii),  strip  of  ground. 

Vaneggi-are  ind.  vaneggio ;  to  talk, 
or  act,  wildly. 

*i.  to  render  vain.     ii.  to  be  open,  D.  Inf.  18.  5 
and  73. 

AJf.  -amlnto,  -atore,  -atrice. 

m.  ;    (ornith.)    I.    peewit, 


Vanellus  cristatus,  commonly  termed 
Pavoncella.  2.  =  Pivieressa,  grey  sand- 
piper. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  variHeatt,  mlt.  vanellits,  prob. 
a  dim.  <  L.  vannus,  fan,  or  its  Fr.  equivalent  van, 
from  the  resemblance  of  the  flapping  of  the  bird's 
wings  to  the  movement  of  a  fan. 

Van-er611o ;  dim.  -o. 
Vanesc&nte ;  evanescent. 

Van6si-o  (It.  vano,  with  suffix  de- 
veloped out  of  -ese=L.  -ensis);  foppish. 
Aff.  -ata. 

Vanessa/;  a  genus  of  butterflies. 

Van-ezzay:;  v.  -o. 

Vanga  /  (L. ;  the  word  occurs  in 
Falladius,  4th  century  A.D.,  and  is 
thought  to  be  a  borrowed  term  either 
from  Celtic  or,  more  probably,  Ger- 
manic sources,  v.  infra,  Vangheggia) ; 
spade. 

Vangai6Ia./;  a  kind  of  scoop  net. 

Vangare ;  to  dig. 

Vangata/;  i.  blow  with  a  spade. 

2.  spadeful. 

Vang-atore,  -atrice,  -atura  ;  vbsls.  of  -are. 

Vang61-o  m.  ;  pop.  for  Evangelo, 
gospel.  II  —  dei  cinque  santi,  scherz. 
for  a  hearty  cuff.  Aff.  -ista,  -izzare. 

Vangh^ggia,  Vangheggiola/;  a  light  form 
of  plough-share. 

Etym.  A  dim.  form  corresponding  to  Vanga, 
the  original  meaning  of  which  appears  to  have  been 
plough-share,  cp.  O.H.G.  wagattso,  plough-share, 
old  Icelandic  vangsni,  plough-share,  old  Prussian 
wafais,  coulter.  Wang  in  the  sense  of  a  field  or 
garden  occurs  in  all  Teutonic  languages,  so  that 
Vanga  is  literally  "  field-tool." 

Vangfle  m. ;  foot-rest  of  a  spade. 
Vangdne  in. ;  augm.  of  Vanga,  spade. 

Vanguardia,  Avanguardia  f.  (It. 
avanti,  guardia) ;  vanguard. 

Vanilbrjuio  m. ;  empty  talk. 
Vanire ;  poet,  for  Svanire,  to  faint. 

Vanit-a  /:  as  E.     Aff.  -dso. 

Vanni  ;«.  //.  (L.  vannus,  fan,  akin  to  ventits, 
wind,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Fan,  Van  no.  2);  poet,  for  Ale, 
wings. 

Vano  (L.  vanus,>~E..  vain,  akin  to 
E.  wane,  wan,  want) ;  i.  empty.  2.  vain. 

3.  Pelo  — ,  (a)  stiff  hair  in  wool  which 
cannot  be  worked  up  into  felt,  (£)  soft 
downy  hair  on  the  face.     4.  as  s&.,  door 
or  window  space. 

Vantagg-e'tto  in. ;  dim.  of -io. 

Vantaggi-are  ;   i.  =  Avvantaggiare. 

2.  part,  -ato,  superabundant ;  Tre  chi- 
lometri  -ati,  three  kilometres  and  more; 
Vestito  -ato,  dress   that   is   too   large, 
large    enough    to   allow   for  a   child's 
growth,  or  such   that  when  frayed  at 
the   edge   it   may   be   taken   in.     Aff. 
-atame'nte. 

Vantaggino  m. ;  i.  a  small  quantity 
over  the  exact  weight  or  measure,  v. 
Vantaggiare  (2).  2.  (shoem.)  patch. 

3.  (print.}  =  Vantaggio  (4). 

Vantagg-io  m. ;  i.  additional  piece, 
extra ;  Questo  glielo  d&  di  — ,  I  throw 
this  in  as  an  extra.  2.  advantage. 
3.  Andarsene  a'  suoi  -i,  to  go  about 
one's  business,  go  away.  4.  printer's 
galley,  the  tray  where  the  compositor 


646 


VANTARE— VEDERE 


places  his  type  after  it  is  set.  5_  =  Van- 
taggino  (2).  6.  Strada  a  — ,  down-hill 
piece  of  road  ;  Tutto  a  — ,  all  down-hill. 
?•  Di  — ,  or  simply  — ,  more,  extra. 
Aff.  -iosamente,  -oso. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc.  avantatge,  Fr.  avantage, 
Portug.  vantagetn,  Span,  ventaja,  pointing  to  a  bit. 
** abantaticitm,  <  L.  ab,  ante,  with  suffix  -aticmn. 

Vant-are  (L.,  a  freq.  <  vanits) ;  lr., 
intr.,  or  refl.,  to  boast  or  boast  of.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azidne. 

Vanteria/. ;  swagger. 

Vanticu6re  nt.\  (mat .)  inner  post. 

Vanto  m.  ;  boast. 

Vanume  m.  ;  empty  husks  in  which 
the  grain  has  never  come  to  maturity. 

Vanvera  (etym.  unkn.,  v.  Fanfano) ; 
A  — ,  =  A  caso,  at  random. 

•Vapolo  (L.  vapularis,  suitable  to  be  beaten); 
=  Manesco,  quarrelsome. 

Vapor-abile  ;  easily  evaporated.    Aff.  -abilita. 
Vapor-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of -e,  noxious  vapour. 

Vaporaio  m. ;  engine-driver. 

Vapor-are;  i.  to  exhale.  2.  to 
fill  with  vapour.  3.  to  evaporate.  Aff. 
-ativo,  -azi6ne. 

Vapor-e  ;«.  (L.,  root  qiuep,  to  reek, 
cp.  Gr.  KCITTVOS,  smoke,  Lith.  kuuepti,  to 
breathe,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Vapid) ; 
i.  vapour.  2.  steam.  3.  by  ext.,  fine 
gauze.  4.  loosely  for  steam-boat,  loco- 
motive, train,  or  station.  5.  A  — ,  very 
quickly,  lit.  as  quick  as  a  train. 

Aff.  -etto  or  -ino  steam-launch,  -iera  locomotive, 
•izzare  to  evaporate,  -izzatore,  -izzazione,  -osita,  -oso, 
-uccio  dim.  spreg. 

*Vappa  f.   (L. ,  akin  to  vapidits,  v.  Vapore); 
wine  that  has  lost  flavour. 

•Vapulazioney:  (L.);  flogging. 
*Vaquatto  m.  (It.  va,  he  goes,  +  quatto) ;  dis- 
sembler. 

Vara  /.  (L.,  v.  Varare) ;  Spanish  yard,  o'866 
metres. 

tVaragno,  Varagnolo;  v.  Trachino. 

Varano  tn,  (Arabic  omirnn,  the  name  for  the 
Egyptian  species) ;  a  genus  of  crocodiles.  *  =  Vaiano. 

Var-are ;  (mar.)  to  launch,  //'/.  to 
knock  the  dog-shores  away.  *to  run  a 
boat  up  on  to  the  shore.  Aff.  -amento. 

Etym.     L.  vara,  a  cross-beam,  <varus,  bowed 
outward,    akin    to    vacillare,    vatius,    bow-legged, 
vagari,    to   wander,    root   iva,    to  go   crooked,    cf>. 
Sanskr.  vakras,  curved,  bent. 
tVaratulu  m.;  v.  Sargo  (3). 

Vare-are  (L.  varicare,  to  straddle 
the  legs,  <  Tim  f  us,  with  the  legs  strad- 
dled, < varus,  v.  Varare);  i.  to  cross, 
pass  across,  with  an  implication  of 
effort  or  difficulty  in  the  crossing.  2.  to 
ford.  3.  ir.  to  transport.  Aff.  -abile, 
-o  passage,  ford,  gap. 

*  Vardosso    in.  ;     make-shift    saddle,    cp.    Bar- 
dosso. 

Varea  f. ;  (mar.)  i.  mast-head.  2.  —  di  pen- 
none,  yard-arm  (beyond  the  yard-arm  hoop). 

Vari-abile,  -abilita,  -amente,  -amento, 
-are,  -atamente,  -azi6ne ;  as  E,  (L.  varins, 
mottled.) 

Varlcey^  (L.  varix,  v.  Vaiolo) ;  vari- 
cosity. 

Varicella  /  (dim.  Varice);  (med.} 
chicken-pox,  also  termed  Ravaglione, 
Vaiolo  salvatico,  Morviglione. 

Varico-cele,  -so  ;  (med.)  as  E. 

Vari-egato;  as  E.  -eggiare  ;  freq.  of  -are. 
-eta  f.  ;  as  E.  -f6rme;  variously  shaped,  -o  ; 
as  E. 

Variolate;  speckled. 


Variolingue ;  speaking  various  lan- 
guages. 

Varidne  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  vairon,  <  bit. 
**vario,  <  L.  varius) ;  minnow,  Leu- 
ciscus  phoxinus,  v.  Sanguinerola. 

Variopinto;  speckled. 

Varo  in. ;  (A)  launching,  v.  Varare. 

(B)  ;  (geogr.)l\ie  river  Var  in  South-west  France. 

*  Varole  f.  pi. ;  (med.')  small-pox  pustules. 
tVarolo  m.\  bass  fish,  i>.  Labrace. 

*  Varra./;  an  old  cloth  measure,  nearly  3  ells. 
Varr6cchio  >;/.;  (mil.  hist.)  a  kind  of  windlass 

used  by  besiegers  ;  a  wall  having  been  undermined 
but  kept  standing  by  means  of  wooden  props,  a  rope 
attached  to  the  Varrocchio  pulled  away  the  props, 
causing  the  wall  to  fall  (T.  and  B.). 

Varsavia,  Vars6via ;  (geogr.)  Warsaw,  in 
Poland. 

*  Varvassoro  m.',  =  Valvassore. 

*  Vas   m. ;  =  Vaso,    vessel.     —  d'   ele/ione,   the 
chosen  vessel,  i.e.  St  Paul,  D.  Inf.  2.  28. 

Vasaccio  m.  \  dim.  Vaso. 

Vas-aio  m. ;  potter.  Aff.  -ame, 
pottery. 

Vasca  f.  (bit.  vasca,  prob.  by  contr. 
<**vasica,<L.  vas);  basin,  e.g.  of  a 
fountain.  *vat. 

Vascello  m. ;    I.  ship,  esp.  war-ship. 

2.  —  portoghese,  Portuguese  man-of- 
war,   a   species   of  jelly-fish,   v.    Fiso- 
grado. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc..  vaissels,  Fr.  vaisseau, 
Span,  bajel,  <  ndt.  vasceltum,  dim.  of  vascnluw, 
which  is  itini.  of  L.  -.'an,  jar. 

Vaschett-a  f.  dim.,  -ina  sub-dim.,  of  Vasca. 
tVasco  ;«.  ;  =  Casco,  cap, 

*  Vascoeno  ;  =  Guascone,  Gascon. 
Vascol-are  ;  vascular.     Aff.  -arizzare,  -oso. 
Vasc-6nay^,  -6ne  m. ;  augms.  of -a. 
Vaselinay;  (coined  from  Germ.  Wasser,  water, 

+  Gr.  eAatoi*,  oil);  as  E. 

Vas-ellaio  ;«.;  i.q.  Vasaio,  potter. 

Vasellame  m. ;  I.  crockery.  2.  plate  ; 
—  incamiciato,  plated  dishes. 

Vas&ll-o  m.  (with  f.  pi.  poet.  Vasel- 
la) ;  dim.  Vaso.  Aff.  -ettino,  -dtto,  -fno, 

sub-dims. 

Vasett-o  m. ;  dim.  Vaso.     Aff.  -mo  sub-dim. 
tVasinay^;  Mower-pot  stand. 

Vas-o  m.  (L.  vas);  i.  vase.  2.  (anal.) 
vessel.  3.  cubic  space ;  Una  sala  di 
piccolo  — ,  an  apartment  not  very 
roomy.  4.  (mar.)  in  pi.,  bilgeways,  for 
launching.  Aff.  -one  augtn. 

Vasolino  >«.;  i.  (;w«r.)  =  Guardalato, 
wooden  fender.  2.  in  pi.,  (<z)  =  Colom- 
bieri,  poppets,  (£)  =  Maschette  q.v. 

Vassall-o  m.,  -a  f.  (mlt.  vassallns,  extended 
<  mlt.  vassxs,  of  Celtic  origin,  cp.  Welsh  gwas, 
servant,  T.  Skeat,  sub  foe.) ;  vassal.  Aff.  -aggio, 
-atico,  -esco. 

Vass6i-a/  ;  a  kind  of  large  tray  for 
shaking  chestnuts  so  as  to  get  rid  of 
the  rubbish.  Aff.  -are  to  use  the  — , 
-ata  tray-full. 

Vass6i-o,  pi.  vassoi,  m.  (bit.  **vas- 
orium<L.  vas);  I.  tray.  2.  saucer. 

3.  mortar-board.    Aff.  -dtto,  -fno  dims. 

*  Vastare  ;  i.  =  Bastare,  to  suffice,    ii.  =  Devastare. 
Vast-o;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente,  -ezza,  -ita. 
Jitym.     L.  vastits,  enormous,  akin  to  Irish  fot, 

length,  fota,  long  (a  different  word  from  vastiis, 
desolate,  waste,  >  Ital.  Devastare). 

Vastrica  f.  ;  (ornith.)  —  Averla  piccola,  red- 
backed  shrike. 

t  Vastunaca^;  sting-ray  (fish),  T.  Trigone. 

Vate  m.  (L.  vates,  akin  to  Irish  /ititft,  poet, 
Germ.  Wut/t,  frenzy) ;  i.  poet.  2.  seer. 

Vaticin-are  ind.  vaticino  (L.,  <  vatts,  seer, 
+cin-,  weak  grade  of  canere,  to  sing) ;  to  prophesy. 
Aff.  -atore,  -azione,  -io. 

Vattel'  :  contr.  of  Va  te  lo.  Vattel'  a  sappi, 
Vattel'  a  cerca,  go  and  find  out. 


Vavdrna./;  ( 
Ve ;  an  alteration  of  Vi,  used  before 
Ne,  Lo,  Li,  La,  Le. 

Ve',  Veh  ;  a  contraction  of  Vedi, 
look! 

'Ve;  (poet.}  a  contraction  of  Ove, 
where. 

tVeax  m.\  little  red  sea-bream,  v.  Pagello  (2). 

Ve'cchi-o;  old.  Aff.  -accio  pegg., 
-aia  advanced  age,  -arello  i.q.  -erello, 
-ata  escapade  by  an  old  person,  -erello 
or  -erelh'no  dim.  vezz.,  -ettaccio  dim. 
pegg.,  -etto  dim.,  -dzza  old  age,  a  more 
general  term  than  -aia,  -niccio  beginning 
to  be  old,  -no  dim.  vezz.,  -one  I.  augm., 

2.  as   s6.,  chestnut    dried   in   its  shell, 
-6tto  dim.  rather  old,  -uccio  feeble  from 
age,  -ume  old  rubbish,  lumber. 

Etym.  L.  vetulus,  dim,  of  vetus,  akin  to  Gr. 
<TOS,  /«'TOS,  year,  Sanskr.  vatsas,  year. 

Ve'ccia/;  (hot.)  vetch. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  ?>«•/«•(>£,  vetch),  Germ. 
JVicke,  <  L.  vicia,  which  Walde  connects  with  the 
root  tuei,  to  bend,  to  twine,  for  which  T.  Skeat,  sub 
Withy. 

Principal  species :  i.  — ,  common  tare,  Vicia 
sativa,  also  termed  —  buona,  —  commie,  —  dolce 
coltivata,  —  nera,  —  nostrale.  2.  —  bastarda,  — 
lustra  or  —  sterile,  =  Mullagbera,  yellow  vetchling. 

3.  —  de*  boschi,  (a)  v.  itifra,  no.  (9),  (b)  wood  vetch, 
Vicia    sylvatica.      4.    —    eurupea,    hairy-flowered 
yellow  vetch,   Vicia  hybrida.     5.   —  di  Germania, 
a  variety  of  no.  (i),  I'icia  angustifolia.    6.  —  gialla, 
yellow  vetch,    yicia   lutea.     7.    —  gracile,  slender 
tare,  yicia  tttraspermn.     8.  —  lustra,  (a)  v.  supra, 
no.  2,  (b)  bird's-claw  trefoil,  Lotus  ornitkopodioides. 
9.    —  narbunese,   broad-leaved    vetch,    Vicia.   Nar- 
bonensis.     io.    —  piccola,  or  —  de'  boschi,   tufted 
vetch,  Vicia  cracca.     n.   —  salvatica,  bush  vetch, 
Vicia  st!pium.     12.    —  serena,  spring  vetch,   Vicia 
latkyroides, 

Vecciarini  m.  pi. ;  (bat.)  sweet-leaved  milk 
vetch,  v.  Regolizia  (2). 

Vecciato;  i.  mixed  with  vetch  as  a 
food-stuff.  2.  of  a  corn  crop,  mixed 
with  vetch  in  sowing. 

Veccibla,  Vecciollna/ ;  milk-wort, 
v.  Erba  (14). 

Vecci6ne  m. ;  i.  (hot.)  (a)  — ,  —  di 
macchia,  or  —  salvatico,  wild  everlast- 
ing pea,  Lathyrus sylvestris,  also  termed 
Cicerchione ;  (b)  —  rosso,  everlasting 
pea,  v.  Pisello  (i,/).  2.  in  //.,  a  large 
size  of  shot. 

Vecci6so  ;  =  Vecciato. 

Vecciule  m. ;  dry  vetch-stalk. 

Ve'c-e  f.  (L.  vicem,  change,  root 
weik,cp.  O.H.G.  tve'Asat=Germ.  Wech- 
sel,  exchange,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Vicar, 
Week) ;  i.  change,  vicissitude.  2.  in 
//.,  functions,  business.  3.  place,  stead; 
In  mia  — ,  instead  of  me;  In  — ,  v.  In- 
vece ;  Adempiere  le  -i  d'  uno,  to  act  as 
his  substitute. 

*i.  substitute,     ii.   In  quella — ,  instead  thereof. 

Veda  in.  indecl.  (Sanskr.  word) ;  one  of  the  four 
sacred  books  of  the  Hindoos,  ///.  knowledge. 

Vede're  (but  scherz.  vddere  in  the 
refrain  Oh  che  bel  vedere  Di  primavera 
In  sulla  sera  Spuntare  il  di  Si  metta  a 
siddere  Basta  cosi)  ind.  vedo  or  pop. 
veggo  vddi  v<5de  vediamo  or  veggiamo 
veddte  vddono  or  veggono,  imperf.  ve- 
ddvo  veddvi  veddva  or  vedea  vedevamo 
vedevate  vedevano,  perf.  vidi  vedesti 
vide  (or  pop.  veddi  veddsti  vddde)  ve- 
demmo  ved6ste  videro,  fut.  vedro  ve- 
drai  vedrk  vedrdmo  vedrete  vedranno, 


VEDETTA— VELLERE 


647 


cond.  vedr-ei  -esti  -ebbe  -e"mmo  -este 
-ebbero,  subj.  veda  or  vegga  vediamo 
vediate  vddano  or  v6gga.no,  iinperf.  subj. 
ved-e"ssi  -essi  -esse  -essimo  -^ste  -dssero, 
parts,  vedente  or  veggente  vedendo  ve- 
duto  or  visto  (L. ;  for  the  forms  of  the 
passive  part.  v.  Visto.  Root  weid,  to 
see,  cp.  Gr.  FelSov,  I  saw,  FoiSa,  I  know, 
lit.  1  have  seen,  Sanskr.  veda,  know- 
ledge, v.  Skeat,  sub  Wit);  I.  to  see. 
2.  to  look.  3.  Vederci  bene,  molto,  poco, 
to  have,  or  not  to  have,  good  discern- 
ment. 4.  Ci  siam  visti,  it  is  all  over, 
/*'/.  we  have  seen  each  other  (for  the 
last  time).  5.  Non  ci  siam  visti,  as  a 
mode  of  enjoining  secrecy;  lo  vi  ho 
detto  quello  che  sapevo,  non  ci  siam 
visti,  I  have  told  you  what  I  know,  do 
not  breathe  a  word  of  having  seen  me. 

6.  Esser  bene,  mal,  veduto  or  visto,  to 
be    in    the    good    or    bad    books    of. 

7.  (iron.)  Sta'  a  —  che...,  what  an  ex- 
traordinary thing  that —   8.  Stare  a  — , 
to  be  doing  no  business.     9.  —  e  non 
— ,  of  something  hanging  in  the  balance; 
Con  quella  tossettaccia  lo  veggo  e  non 
lo  veggo,  with  that  terrible  cough  of  his 
I  am  very  doubtful  of  his  getting  well ; 
Quella  chicchera    la  veggo   e   non  la 
veggo;  levatela  di  11,  that  little  cup  is 
anything  but  safe,  take   it  away  from 
there.      10.    Dal  —  al  non  — ,  in  an 
instant,    in   the   twinkling   of  an   eye ; 
Quell'  oggetto  spari  dal  —  al  non  — , 
the   thing   disappeared   in   an   instant. 
11.  Al  — ,  apparently. 

Vedetta  / ;  i.  look-out  place. 
2.  mounted  sentry.  3.  (mar.)  look-out, 
watch.  4.  look-out  man. 

Etym.  Either  an  irregular  alteration  of  Veduta 
or  more  probably  an  alteration  of  the  old  form  Veletta 
due  to  the  influence  of  Vedere.  Veletta  is  a  diminu- 
tive corresponding  to  Span,  vela,  watching,  a  vbsb. 
of  velar,  <  L.  vigilare. 

Vedico  ;  v.  Veda. 

Veditdre  m. ;  i.  vbsb.  Vedere. 
2.  customs  examiner. 

V6dov-a/  (L.  viduus,  root  wiM,\.o 
lack,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Widow);  i.  widow. 
2.  (hot.)  Fior  di  — ,  sweet  scabious,  v. 
Scabbiosa  (i).  Aff.  -anza,  -are. 

Vedov-ella^;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of  -a.  2.  (eat.)  in 
//.,  (a)  -e  salvatiche,  field  knautia,  v.  Gallina  (10), 
(fi)  globe  flower,  v.  Kosellina  (2). 

Vedovile;  i.  adj.  of  a  widow.  2.  as 
sb.,  dower. 

Vedovin-a/. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  of  Vedova.  a.(6ot.) 
(a)  sweet  scabious,  v.  Scabbiosa  (i);  (b) —  salvatica, 
field  knautia,  v.  Vedovclla  (2,  «);  (c)  —  argentina, 
Scabiosa  eramirit/olia  ;  (a)  —  greca,  Scabiosa 
crelica;  (e)  —  marina,  Scabiosa  maritima  ;  (/)  — 
piumosa,  Pterocepkalus  plumi'sus  ;  (g)  —  stellata, 
Scabiosa  stellata. 

Vedov-o  adj.  or  sb.;  v.  -a.  Aff.  -one,  -utto 
augms. 

Veduta  /  (It.  vedere) ;  i.  view, 
sight,  prospect.  2.  Far  — ,  to  make  a 
show,  pretend.  3.  Far  la  — ,  to  examine, 
at  the  custom-house. 

*st,ir,  //'/.  object  of  vision,  D.  Par.  a.  115. 

Vedut-fna  /. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  -a,  stereoscopic 
slide. 

Veemen-te  (!>.,  v.  Vcicolo);  vehement.  Aff. 
•za. 

Veget-abile;  as  E.  Aff.  -abilita,  vegetable 
nature. 

Vegetale  ;». ;  vegetable. 

Veget-are,  -ativo,  -azidne  ;  as  E. 

Vegeto  (L.  vegftus,  lively,  root  weg, 


to  be  vigorous,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Vigil, 
Wake)  ;  luxuriant. 

Veggen-te;  i.  part,  of  Vedere,  to 
see.  2.  as  sb.,  seer.  3.  A  occhi  -ti  di, 
in  the  very  sight  of.  Aff.  -za. 

*Vegghia/;  =  Veglia,  vigil. 

*Veggia  /  (A)  (Oscan  veia,  cart,  akin  to  L. 
veto,  to  carry);  i.  sledge,  ii.  cask.  (B)=  Vestigio, 
trace. 

V^ggio  m.  (aphaeresis  of  Laveggio, 
q.v.)  ;  warming-pan  for  the  hands. 

Veggidl-ay:,  -o  m.  (var.  of  Vecciola);  (tot.) 
black  bitter  vetch,  Enntm  ervitia,  also  termed 
Ervo,  Girlo,  Moco,  Ingrassabue,  Straccabue,  Tra. 
gellini,  Zirbo. 

Veggi6ne  m.  ;  (A)  augm.  Veggio. 

(B)  in  //.  (var.  of  Veccioni)  ;  a  species  of 
Latkyrus. 

Ve'glia/  (vbsb.  of  Vegliare)  ;  i.  vigil, 
watching.  2.  evening  party;  Cose  da 
raccontarsi  a  —  ,  improbable  stories. 
3.  sentinel.  4.  work  carried  on  after 
sunset.  5.  Andare  a  —  ,  in  country 
districts,  to  pay  an  evening  visit  to 
one's  sweetheart.  6.  La  —  del  Padella, 
v.  Accordatura  (2).  7.  (iron.)  tedious, 
tiresome  job.  8.  Pigliare  a  —  ,  to  con- 
tinue hammering  at  a  thing  without 
discretion  ;  Dimmi,  o  che  1'  hai  presa 
a  —  di  venirmi  a  seccar  cosi,  look  here, 
do  you  mean  to  go  on  boring  me  like 
this?  9.  Mettersi  a  —  a  far  una  cosa, 
to  be  a  long  time  about  it.  10.  (poet.) 
La  —  bruna,  night-time,  n.  poet,  for 
Vecchia. 

Vegliardo  (Proveng.  veilard,<itel, 
old,  v.  Veglio,  with  Germanic  suffix,  v. 
-ardo,  supra,  in  loco)  ;  poet,  for  Vecchio. 

Vegli-are  ind.  vdglio  (cogn.  Proveng. 
velhar,  Fr.  veiller,  Span,  velar,  <  L. 
vigilare,  root  wiegh,  to  be  brisk,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Wake);  i.  to  be  awake. 
2.  to  keep  watch.  3.  to  work  after 
sunset.  4.  of  an  institution,  or  law,  to 
be  in  full  activity.  5.  (mar.)  Scoglio 
che  veglia  e  non  veglia,  rock  visible  at 
half  tide. 

*  =  Andare  a  veglia,  v.  Veglia  (5). 
Aff.  -amento,  -atore,  -atrice. 

Ve'glio  111.  (A)  (cogn.  Proveng.  vielh, 
Fr.  vieil,  Span,  viejo,  <  bit.  **vec'lus, 
<  L.  vetulus,  v.  Vecchio,  etym.);  old 
man. 

•(B);  =  Velio,  fleece. 

Vegli6n-e  m.  (augm.  Veglia)  ;  public 
ball,  usually  masked  ball  in  a  theatre, 
at  Carnival.  Aff.  -cino  dim. 

Vegli-uccia/:;  dim.  spreg.  of  -a. 
*Vegnente;  i.  coming,     ii.  flourishing. 
Veh  ;  v.  Ve'. 

*  Vei  ;  =  Vedi,  thou  seest,  D.  Par.  30.  71. 
Veicol-o  ;«.  (L.  vehiculum,  <vekere1  to  carry, 

root  wegh,  to  move,  cp.  Gr.  OYOS  =  /OXOS,  car,  O.  H.G. 
ivagan,  A.S.  ivtrgan,  >~E.  wagon,  Russian  voz'  ,  a 
load,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wag,  Wain,  Weigh);  vehicle. 
Aff.  -e"tto  dim. 

•Vel  (A)  (L.);  or.  (B);=Bel.  A  un  -  circa, 
nearly. 


(L.  vela,  n.pl.  of  velum,  sail, 
for  which  v.  infra  Velo,  which  is  from 
the  sing,  velum  ;  the  neuter  plural  of  a 
Latin  word  is  often  the  source  of  an 
Italian  feminine  singular);  i.  sail,  or 
fig.  as  in  E.,  ship.  2.  Muro  a  —  ,  wall 
only  one  brick  in  thickness,  four-inch 
wall. 

Principal  kinds  of  sail  :  3,  •  —  aurica,  trapezoide, 


or  di  taglio,  fore-and-aft  sail.  4.  —  a  boma,  boom- 
sail.  5.  —  di  caccia,  studding-sail,  stunsail,  6.  — 
di  cappa  or  di  fortuna,  stormsail,  one  made  of  extra 
strong  canvas.  7.  —  a  cappello,  gaff-topsail.  8.  — 
di  comromaestra,  middle  sail,  of  a  five-master. 

9.  —   di   contromezzana,  jigger,  of  a   four-master. 

10.  —  di  controstraglio,  middle  staysail,     u.  —  di 
gabbia,  or   simply  Gabbia,   topsail.     12.    —   latina, 
lateensail.     13.    —  di  maestra,  mainsail.     14.  —  di 
mistico  or  di  sciabecca,  settie-sail.     15.   —  quadra, 
square  sail.     16.  —  rotonda,  balloon  sail,  of  a  yacht. 
17.  —  di  sacco,  lug  foresail,  also  termed  Sacco  dclle 
golette,  Trinchetto  volante.     18.   —  a  saccoleva  or 
a  tarchia,  sprit  sail.     19.  —  al  terzo,  lugsail,  termed 
in  Austrian  Italy  —  da  trabaccolo.     20.  —  di  trin- 
chetto,  foresail  in  a  square-rigged  vessel. 

Velabile  ;  v.  Velare. 

tVelaccino  m.  ;  (utar.)  i.  =  Coltellaccino,  top- 
gallant studding  sail.  ii.  in  ^*/.,  =  Controvelacci, 
royals. 

Velaccio  m. ;  (mar.)  topgallant  sail. 
—  fisso,  lower  topgallant  sail.  —  vol- 
ante, upper  topgallant  sail. 

Velaio  m. ;  sailmaker. 

Velame  m. ;  I.  quantity  of  sails. 
2.  fig.  veil. 

V el-are  ind.  vdlo  ;  i.  to  veil.  2.  to 
paint  over  with  a  light  shade  of  another 
colour.  Aff.  -amento. 

Velario  m.  (L.);  awning. 

t  Velasio  m.\  taking  the  veil. 
Vel-atamente,  -at6re,  -atrice;  v.  -are. 
Velatro ;  v.  Veratro. 

Velatura/;  \.vbsb.  Velare.  2.  (mar.) 
(a)  the  sails  of  a  ship;  (6)  the  quantity 
of  canvas  spread.  3.  sugaring,  glazing, 
varnishing. 

Veleggi-are  ind.  vele"ggio  (It.  vela) ; 
to  sail.  Aff.  -ata. 

Vele'n-O  ;«.  (cogn.  Proveng.  venes, 
Fr.  venin,  Span,  veneno,  <  L.  venenum, 
originally  a  love-potion,  akin  to  Venus, 
cp.  Gr.  <t>i\Tpov,«t>i\fta);  poison. 

Aff.  -ifero,  -osamenu,  -osita,  -oso. 

Veleria  /  (It.  vela)  ;  sailmaker's 
shop. 

Veletta  /  (A) ;  dim.  Vela,  lady's 
veil. 

(B);  v.  Vedetta;  the  word  is  now 
obsolete  except  in  the  phrase  Stare  alle 
velette,  to  be  on  the  look-out. 

*Velettare:  to  be  looking  out. 

Velett-ino,  -p  sub-dim.,  dim.,  of  Velo. 

Velia/;  (omM.)  i.  shrike,  71.  Averla.  2.  Dop- 
pia  — ,  velvet  scooter  duck,  Oedemia  fitsca. 

VelierayC;  a  kind  of  diadem  for  the  attachment 
of  a  veil. 

Velier-e,  -o  m.  •  sailing-ship. 

Velificio  m.  •  i.q.  Veleria,  sail- 
maker's  shop. 

*  Velinay?;  =  Stagno,  swamp. 

Velin-o  (A)  m.  (old  Fr.  zv/;»,<L. 
vitulinus,<vitellus,  calf);  i.  vellum. 
2.  as  adj.,  Carta  -a,  vellum  paper. 

(B)  (It.  velo) ;  Carta  -a,  tissue- 
paper. 

Velite  m.  (L.  veles,  <vel-,  stem  of  velo jct  -f-  -«, 
<  root  ei,  to  go) ;  light-armed  soldier. 

Velivolo  ;  (poet.)  driven  by  sails,  or  of  the  sea, 
traversed  by  sails. 

*  Vella  ;  (Uccellare)  a  — ,  =  a  coccole,  t>.  *  Coc- 
cola  (vi). 

*  Velle  (L.);=Volere,  as  sb.,  human  will. 

Velleita  /  (mlt.,  <  L.  velle,  to 
wish)  ;  helpless  wish,  silly  desire. 

*Vellere;  to  pluck.  Etym.  L.,  root  "wet,  to 
tear,  cp.  L.  vul-tur  (where  .tur  is  an  agential 
suffix),  vol.nus,  wound  (.nus  being  a  participial 
suffix),  Gr.  /¥Xwp,  tearing  monster,  cAeu*,  to  seize, 


648 


VELLICARE— VENTO 


Gothic   wiliuan,    to   plunder,    z>.    Skeat,  sub  Wolf, 
Walde,  sub   Velio. 

Vellic-are  ind.  vellico  (L.,  afreq.  of 
vellere,  to  pluck)  ;  to  tickle.  Aff. 
-amento,  -azione. 

*Vellico  in.  ;  =  Bellico,  navel. 

Vell-o  m.  (L.,  akin  to  velltfe,  v. 
supra,  Vellere);  i.  fleece.  2.  tuft  of 
wool.  Aff.  -oso  shaggy. 

Vellut-ato ;  velvety,  -atura/  ;  vel- 
vety quality. 

Vellutino  m. ;  i.  dim.  vezz.  Velluto. 
2.  piece  of  velvet  ribbon.  3.  (hot.)  in 
pi.,  =  Salvastrella,  pimpernel. 

Velluto  in.  (bit.  vellutum,  <  L.  vil- 
lus,  shaggy  lock  of  hair,  a  variant  of 
vellus,  v.  Vellere);  I.  velvet.  2.  — di 
cotone,  velveteen.  3.  (hot.)  Fiore  — , 
=  Cresta  di  gallo,  cock's  comb. 

Velma/  ;  (;//<zr.)  =  Ciglio,  edge  of  a 
submarine  bank,  shelf. 

Velo  m.  (var.  of  Vela,  <  L.  velum, 
for  **vexlom,  as  shown  by  the  dim. 
vexillum,  root  tveg,  to  weave,  cp.  Irisn 
figim,  I  weave,  A.S.  wecca,  woven 
candle-wick,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wick) ;  i.  veil. 

2.  thin    tissue,   muslin,   crape,   gauze. 

3.  crape,    as    a    token    of    mourning. 

4.  i.q.   Umerale.     5.    wire  gauze   of  a 
sieve.     6.   —  d'  acqua,  sheet  of  water. 

Vel6c-e  (L.) ;  swift.  Aff.  -emente,  -ipedc, 
-ipedista,  -ita,  -itazione  acceleration. 

Velodrbmo  m. ;  bicycle  track. 
Vel6n-a,  -e ;  augms.  of  Vel-a,  -o. 
Velopendolo  m.  ;  (anat.)  uvula. 
Veltr-o  m.  ;  -a/  ;  greyhound. 

Elym.  Cfgn.  Proven9-  veltres,  old  Fr.  viautre, 
bit.  veltrum,  <  L.  vertrag-us,  greyhound,  of  Celtic 
origin ;  cf>.  Cornish  gitUter,  greyhound,  old  Irish 
traig,  foot,  to  which  with  an  intensive  prefix  ver, 
the  L.  form  closely  corresponds,  so  that  the  lit. 
meaning  would  be  "swift  foot." 

Veluccio  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  Velo. 
*Vembro  in. ;  —  Membro. 

Ve'na  f.  (A)  (aphaeresis  of  Avena, 
cogn.  Fr.  a-voine,  <  L.  avena  for  **aves- 
na,  akin  to  old  Slavonic  oi'is-u,  Lettish 
ausas)  ;  (hot.)  i.  oats,  Avena  saliva. 
2.  —  salvatica,  (a)  tall  wild  oats,  Avena 
elatior,  v.  Saggina  (2),  (6)  wild  oats, 
Avena  fatua. 

(B)  (L.  vena,  perhaps  for  **vecsna, 
root  wegh,  to  carry,  L.  vehere);  \.  vein. 
2.  spring  of  water.  3.  (mar.)  —  d'  ac- 
qua, leak. 

•Venabulo  m.;  (»»«/.)=  Spiedo,  pike. 
•Venaccio  »«. ;  =  V inacciolo,  grape-pips. 

*  Venagioneyl;  i.  =  Caccia,  hunting,     ii.  =Cac- 
ciagione. 

Venal-e  (L.,<verius,  a  sale,  akin  to  Gr.  (Spos, 
price,  buying);  i.  saleable;  Prezzo  — ,  sale  price. 
2.  venal.  Aff.  -ita,  •me'nte. 

Venato ;  veined. 

Ven-at6re  m. ;  hunter.  Aff.  -atorio, 
-atrice,  -atura. 

Etym.  L.  venor,  to  hunt,  root  iveia,  to  attack, 
seek  after ;  cp.  Sanskr.  veti,  he  pursues,  Lith.  veju, 
to  pursue,  L.  via,  road,  vis,  force,  Zend  vayeti,  to 
pursue,  v.  supra,  Guadagnare. 

Venatura/;  i.  veining.    2.  vein. 

Venazio  ;  San  — ,  saint  who  saves  boys  from 
falling. 

*  Vencido  ;  =  Vincido,  pliant. 

Vend^mmia  f.  (cogn.  Proveng.  ven- 
danha,  Fr.  vendange,  <  L.  vindetnia,  < 


vinum,  T/.Vino,  +  denier  e,  to  take  away, 
<de  +  imere,  to  take,  v.  Esempio) ; 
wine  harvest,  vintage. 

Vendemmiaio  m.  ;  the  French  republican 
month  Vendemiaire,  Sept.  22 — Oct.  21. 

Vendemmiale ;  i.  autumn  (figs).  2.  Ven- 
demiaire, the  first  month  of  the  French  republican 
calendar. 

Vendemmi-are  ind.  vendemmio ;  to 
harvest  grapes.  Aff.  -atore. 

Vendere  perf.  vend-ei  or  -etti,  part. 
-uto  (L.,<venus,  v.  Venale,  +  dare,  to 
give);  i.  to  sell.  2.  fig.  to  palm  off  as 
true;  Tu  non  me  ne  vendi,  I  am  not 
going  to  believe  any  of  your  lies. 

Vender^ccio;  saleable,  on  sale. 

Vendctt-a  f.   (L.    vindicta,    v.   Vindice);    re- 
venge.    Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 
Vendlbile  ;  saleable. 

Vendibubbole  m.  indecl. ;  liar,  v. 
Vendere  (2). 

Vendic-are  ind.  vendico  (L.,  v.  Vin- 
dice) ;  i.  to  revenge.  2.  -arsi  in  liberta, 
to  recover  one's  freedom.  *-arsi,  to 
obtain,  win. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ativamente,  -ativo,  -atora,  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Vendicchiare  ;  dim.  Vendere. 

Vendi-fr6ttole  or  -fumo  m.  indecl. ; 
quizzer,  humbugger. 

Vendimento  >n.\  selling. 

Vfendita/. ;  i.  sale.  2.  (hist.)  name 
for  the  clubs  of  the  Carbonari. 

Vend-it6re,  -it6ra,  -itrice  ;  vbsbs.  of -ere. 

Ven-eficio,  -efizio  m.  (L.,  v.  Veleno) ; 
poisoning.  *witchcraft.  Aft.  -efico. 

Ven^no  in. ;  poet,  for  Veleno. 

Vener-abile,  -abilita,  -abilmente,  -ando, 
-are,  -at6re,  -atrice,  -azione  ;  as  E.  (L.  ve»e- 
rare,  lit.  to  regard  as  lovely,  <  venns,  beauty,  v. 
Venere.) 

Venerdl  m.  (L.  Veneris dies);  Friday. 

Venere  f.  (L.  Venus,  the  goddess, 
root  wen,  to  desire,  hence  also  to  strive 
for,  cp.  Sanskr.  van,  to  beg  for,  also  to 
honour,  L.  venustus,  charming,  A.S. 
winnan,  to  fight,  >  E.  win,  Welsh  givSn, 
a  smile);  i.  (myth.}  Venus.  2.  grace 
of  style.  3.  Venus-shell.  4.  the  planet 
Venus.  5.  alchemist's  term  for  copper. 
6.  Vetriolo  di  — ,  sulphate  of  copper, 
blue  vitriol. 

Venere-o  ;  as  E.     Aff.  -amente. 

Venerinay?;  statuette  of  Venus. 

Venett-a,  -ina  ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of  Vena. 

Venia  f.  (L.  venia,  pardon,  origin- 
ally favour,  akin  to  venus,  v.  Venere) ; 
pardon. 

Venial-e,  -ita,  -mente  ;  as  E. 

Venire  ind.  vengo  or  poet,  vegno 
vieni  viene  or  poet,  vene  veniamo  or  pop. 
venghiamo  or  poet,  vegndmo  veni'te  ven- 
gono,  perf.  v^nni  venisti  venne  venimmo 
veneste  vennero  or  poet,  venfro,  fut. 
verro,  subj.  venga  ...  veniamo  veniate 
vengano,  parts,  venente  or  veniente 
venendo  venuto  (L.,  root  g-wem,  cp.  Gr. 
/3aiV<»,  to  go,  Sanskr.  gamati,  he  goes, 
O.H.G.  queman,  koman,  A.S.  cuman,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Venture,  Come) ;  i.  to  come. 
2.  —  su,  or  avanti,  to  come  up,  come 
along  well.  3.  Venirne,  to  give  (of  cloth, 
where  it  ought  to  keep  its  shape).  4.  — 


fatto  di,  to  manage  it ;  Se  mi  vien  fatto 
di  trovarlo,  if  1  can  manage  to  find  him. 
5.  Ben  venuto,  welcome. 

*  Venit  iccio ;  =  Avventizio. 
Venolinay?;  dim.  Vena. 

Venosino  ;  ofVetmsium.     Poeta — ,  Horace. 
Ven6s-o  ;  venous  (blood).    Aff.  -ita. 

Vensei ;  pop.  for  Venti,  twenty. 

Ventaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Vento,  wind. 

Ventaglia/  ;  breathing-place  in  the 
visor. 

Ventaglio  m.  (cogn.  Proven^,  ven- 
talha,  Fr.  foentail,  Span,  ventalle,  < 
bit.  **ventalia<~L.  ventus,  v.  Vento); 
fan. 

fVentame  m.;  (7«ar.)  =  Gratile  di  caduta,  leech 
rope. 

Ventare  ind.  vento;  to  be  windy, 
blow  hard. 

Ventarbla  /  ;  i.  =  Banderuola, 
weather-cock.  2.  ventilator. 

Ventata/  ;  violent  gust. 

*  Ventavolo  m.  (L.  ventus  aijuilo)\  north  wind. 

Venterell-o,  -ino,  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of 
Vento. 

V6nt-i,  with  the  e  "close"  as  in  E. 
feint ;  with  "  open  "  e  it  is  //.  of  Vento, 
(cogn.  Fr.  vingt,  Span,  veinte,  Proveng. 
and  Catalan  vint,  <  L.  vi-ginti,  where 
vi-  means  two,  -ginti  ten,  cp.  Gr.  CIKOITL 
=  e'fi«:o(ri,  Sanskr.  vim-cali,  vi-  being 
for  dvi,  -gati  for  de/;ati,  ten,  Gr.  SeVa, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Ten,  Twenty,  and  supra, 
Quadragesima) ;  twenty.  Aff.  -esimo. 

Venticello  m.  (dim.  Vento) ;  breeze. 

Venticmqu-e  ;  twenty-five.  Aff.  -en- 
ne  twenty-five  years  old,  -ennio  the  same 
period  of  years,  -ina  parcel  of  about 
twenty-five  things. 

Ventiera/;  (mil.)  screen.  *venti- 
lator. 

Ventilabro  ;/;.  (L.,  <ventilare,  with 
instrumental  suffix,  v.  supra,  -bro  in 
loco);  i.  winnowing  shovel.  2.  valve 
in  an  organ-pipe. 

Ventil-are  ind.  ventilo  (L.,  v.  Ven- 
to);  i.  to  winnow.  2.  as  E.  Aff. 
-amento,  -atore,  -azione. 

Ventimil-a;  twenty  thousand.  Aff. 
-lesimo. 

VentlnayC;  parcel  of  about  twenty 
things. 

Ventino  m.  ;  twenty  centesimi,  or 
that  value  of  something. 

t  Ventipiovolare  ind.  ventipibvola  ;  to  rain  and 
blow. 

Ventiquattro  ;  twenty-four.    Le — , 
time  of  sunset,  v.  Ora,  note. 
Ventiseesimo ;  twenty-sixth. 

Ventitre;  twenty-three.  Le — ,  an 
hour  before  sunset.  Verso  le  — ,  or 
Sulle  — ,  rather  crooked,  lit.  like  the 
hand  of  a  clock  pointing  not  quite 
vertically,  the  zero  point  being  at  the 
top  and  the  number  of  hours  marked 
on  the  dial  twenty-four. 

Vento  in.  (L.  ventus,  root  va,  to 
blow,  cp.  Gr.  aij/it  =  ofij/ii,  the  nt  in 


VENTOLA— VERGA 


649 


ventus  being  participial,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Wind,  Weather) ;  I.  wind ;  Al  — , 
weather  side;  Paterazzo  al  — ,  weather 
back-stay.  2.  in  pi.,  in  casting,  air- 
bubbles.  3.  (mar.}  guy-rope,  stay, 
named  according  to  situation,  e.g.  - 
poppiere  di  buttafuori  di  sartie,  after- 
guy  of  the  spritsail  gaff;  the  word  is  also 
used  in  the  building  trade  in  this  sense. 
The  Spanish  vienlo  has  a  similar  mean- 
ing but  not  the  French  vent.  4.  (mar.) 
-i  del  pesce,  crow-foot,  a  complication 
of  small  cords  spreading  out  from  a 
piece  of  shaped  wood,  like  the  lesser 
bones  from  the  backbone  of  a  fish, 
and  serving  to  support  an  awning  or 
hammock,  etc.  5.  Far  — ,fig.  to  make 
off  with ;  Gli  hanno  fatto  —  a  quanta 
aveva  in  casa,  they  have  carried  off 
everything  there  was  in  the  house. 
6.  Pascer  di  — ,  fig.  to  delude  with 
empty  promises.  7.  Pigliar  — ,  of  a 
water-pipe,  to  be  obstructed  by  air. 

Ventola/ ;  i.  fan  for  producing  a 
current  of  air.  2.  fire-screen.  3.  lamp- 
shade. 4.  church  chandelier.  5.  part 
of  the  mechanism  of  a  striking  clock. 
6.  Muro  a — ,  partition  wall.  *  =  Ven- 
tilabro. 

Ventol-acchio  m. ;  refuse  chestnut  shells,  v. 
-are. 

*Ventolaio  m. ;  =  Ventilabro. 

Ventol-are  ind.  ventolo;  to  agitate 
dried  and  crushed  chestnuts  in  a  tray 
(Vassoia)  so  as  to  shake  away  the  husks. 
*  =  Sventolare  (3).  Aff.  -atore,  -atura. 

Ventolf.no  m. ;  dim.  Vento. 

Ventosa  /  (L.) ;  (meet.)  cupping- 
glass. 

Vent6s-o;  i.  windy.  2.  Jig.  vain, 
boastful.  3.  as  s6.,  the  sixth  month  of 
the  French  republican  calendar,  Feb. 
20  to  March  20.  Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Ventottesimo ;  twenty-eighth.  II 
-  bullettino,  the  last  bulletin  of  Na- 
poleon I. 

Ventr-accio  m. ;  pegg.  of  -e.  -aia 
/  ;  spreg.  of  -e.  *-aiuola  /  ;  tripe- 
seller,  -ata/;  i.  =  Spanciata,  bellyful. 
2.  blow  on  the  stomach. 

Ventre  tn.  (L.  venter,  prob.  akin  to 
Germ.  Wanst,  belly);  i.  belly.  2.  paunch, 
of  ruminants.  3.  womb.  4.  (min.)  —  gem- 
mato  or  cristallino,  jewelled  cavity  in 
certain  stones. 

Ventre'sca/  (It.  ventre):  i.  purse- 
belt,  a  belt  made  for  carrying  money. 
2.  pig's  paunch  filled  with  meat  and 
stuffing  tightly  squeezed,  a  sort  of  ex- 
aggerated sausage. 

*  Ventricchio  m. ;  =  Ventriglio. 
Ventricino  m. ;   dint.   Ventre,  esp.   a   lamb's 

stomach  used  to  curdle  milk. 

Ventricol-o  m.  (L.);  (anal.)  as  E.  Aff.  -are 
adj. 

Ventriera/;  I.  money-bag.  2.  (mar.) 
stopping  up  piece  of  a  launching  cradle. 

*  Ventriglio  m.  (L.  ventriculus)'t  =  Gvzzot  crop. 
Ventr-lldquio  m.',  ventriloquism.    Aff.  -iloquo. 

Ventrfna  f. ;  wind-coli'j  in  animals. 

Ventr-fno  m. ;  i.  dim.  of  -e.  2.  (mar.) 
bunt  gasket,  a  triangular  flap  which  secures  the 
convex  middle  portion  of  a  furled  square-sail. 

H. 


Ventrone  m. ;  \.  augm.  Ventre. 
2.  fig.,  great  eater. 

Ventr-uccio  m. ;  dim.  spreg.  of -e. 

Ventun-o;  twenty-one.   Aff.-$£\mo. 

Ventura/ (aphaeresis  of  A  vventura); 
fortune,  luck.  Per — •,  by  chance.  (Me- 
dico) alia  — ,  with  no  fixed  appoint- 
ment. 

Venturi<br-e,  -o  m. ;  soldier  of  for- 
tune. Medico,  Cuoco  — •,  one  with  no 
fixed  appointment. 

Venturfna  f.  (aphaeresis  of  Avven- 
turina);  i.  imitation  gem.  2.  silicate 
sparkling  with  mica. 

Venture  (L.);  coming-.  Lunedi  — , 
next  Monday  week;  the  Italian  for  next 
Monday  would  be,  as  in  E.,  Lunedi,  or 
Lunedi  prossimo. 

Ventur6ne  m. ;  (ornith.)  citril  finch,  Chryso- 
niitris  citrinella,  also  termed  Citrinella,  Fringuello 
citrinello. 

Ventur6s-o ;  lucky.    Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Venus-to  (L.,  v.  Venere);  pretty. 
Aff.  -ta  sb. 

Venuta/. ;  arrival. 

Ven-zei,  -zette,  =  Venti-sei,  -sette. 

Venz61di ;  pop.  for  Venti  soldi. 

Vepr-e  m.  or/  (L.  vepres);  (poet.) 
briar.  Aff.  -aio. 

Ver' ;  poet,  for  Verso. 

fVera_/T;  (war.)=Cerchioguida,  a  kind  of  hoop 
iron  on  a  yard-arm. 

Verac-e  (L.,  v.  Vero);  veracious.  Aff.  -entente, 
-ita. 

Veramente ;  truly. 

Verandayl;=E.  verandah,  a  word  popularised 
by  Anglo-Indian  usage  but  of  Portuguese  origin,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910. 

Veratro,  pop.  Velatro  in. ;  (bot.)  white  helle- 
bore, Veratrvm  album,  also  termed  Condisi.  The 
Latin  name  is  from  the  stem  of  vents,  true,  with 
agential  suffix  ~ter,  altered  to  -trum,  from  the 
reputation  of  the  plant  in  ancient  times  as  a  remedy 
for  insanity. 

Verbal-e ;  i.  as  E.  a.  as  sb.,  minutes.  Aff. 
-mente. 

Verbano  ;  a  name  for  Lago  Maggiore,  anciently 
known  as  Locus  Verbannus. 

Verbasco  m.  (L.);  (tot.)  i.  —  grande,  =Tasso- 
barbasso,  mullein.  2.  —  salvattco,  Jerusalem  sage, 
Pklomis  fruticosa.  3.  — da  tignole,  moth-mullein, 
v.  Blattaria. 

Verbena/;  (bot.)  i.  vervain,  v.  Erba 
(40).  2.  —  da  mazzotti,  garden  verbena, 
Verbena  aubletii,  a  plant  of  N.  American 
origin.  3.  —  della  Giammaica,  guinea- 
fowl  plant,  v.  Erba  (51).  4.  —  turchina, 
false  Indian  vervain,  v.  Te  (2,  c). 

Etym.  L.  verbena,  properly  a  sacred  bough  of 
laurel,  myrtle  or  other  evergreen  used  on  solemn 
occasions  ;  vervain  having  been  regarded  as  a  plant 
of  great  virtue  obtained  the  name  of  verbena.  The 
primitive  meaning  of  the  root  seems  to  be  rod  for 
plaiting,  but  this  sense  does  not  occur  in  Latin,  v. 
Walde,  sub  Verbena. 

Verbigrazia ;  =  L.  verbi  gratid,  for 
instance. 

Verb-o  m.  (L.  verbum,  <**uerdhum, 
root  vier,  to  speak,  cp.  Gr.  dpdv,  to 
speak,  Sanskr.  vratam,  command,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Word) ;  i.  word  ;  A  —  a.,  or 
—  a  — ;  literally,  precisely.  2.  verb. 
Aff.  -osita,  -6so. 

t  Verchione  / ;  =  Chiavistello,  bolt. 
tVerciare  ;  =  Versare. 
tVercio  ;=Guercio. 

Verd-acchio ;  light  green,  -accio  ; 
pegg.  of  -e.  -astro ;  greenish,  -azzur- 
ro;  sea-green. 


*  Verdadero  ;  =;  Veritiero. 

V^rde  (L.  viridis,<vireo,  to  be 
green)  ;  i.  green.  2.  Ridursi  al  — , 
to  lose  all  one's  money.  3.  as  sb., 
green  fodder.  4.  Siepe  di  — ,  ever- 
green hedge.  5.  Fare  al  — ,  Gioco 
del  <t— ,  wagering  that  one  will  always 
have  a  sprig  of  green  in  one's  pocket 
through  Lent.  6.  —  antico,  verd'  an- 
tique, a  variety  of  green  serpentine 
marble.  7.  —  rame,  verdigris.  8.  (Can- 
dela)  al  — ,  nearly  burnt  down,  candles 
having  been  painted  green  at  the  bot- 
tom. 

K3"  The  river  Verde,  D.  Par.  8.  63,  is  the 
ancient  Liris,  now  termed  Liri  from  its  source  in 
the  Abbruzzi  to  its  confluence  with  the  Sacco,  and 
from  there  to  its  outfall  in  the  gulf  of  Gaeta, 
Gavigliano. 

Verdeayl;  name  of  a  variety  of  grape  and  wine. 

Verde-bruno,  -chiaro,  -cupo ;  v.  Bruno,  etc. 

Verdeggi-are  ind.  verd^ggio ;  to  begin  to  be 
green.  Aff.  -amento. 

Verdegiallo ;  apple-green. 

Verdegiglio  m. ;  a  green  prepared  from  irises. 

Verdeflo  w.;=Verdone,  greenfinch. 

Verdemarco  m. ;  (30/.)=Pigamo,  meadow-rue, 
v.  Erba  (101). 

Verdemare  ;  sea-green. 

Verdemezzo;  half  ripe,  half  cooked. 

Verdepdrro  ;  leek  green. 

Verderame  tti. ;  verdigris. 

Verderello  HI.  ;  (ornith.)  =  Pantana,  green- 
shank. 

*  Verderognolo  ;  =  Verdognolo,  greenish. 
Verdescuro ;  dark  green. 

*Verdesecco;  half  dry. 

Verdettini  m.  pi. ;  (bot.)  lambs'  lettuce,  v. 
Favette. 

Verd^tto  m. ;  (A)  a  mineral  green, 
German  green. 

(B)  (E.  verdict,  <  old  Fr.  verdit,  <  L. 
i/ere  dictum ;  the  modern  Fr.  verdict, 
like  It.  verdetto,  is  borrowed  from  E.) ; 
verdict. 

Verde'zza/ ;  greenness. 

Verdidno ;  of  Verdi,  the  Italian 
composer. 

Verd-fccio,  -igno ;  greenish. 

Verdino ;  a  variety  of  fig,  dark  green,  with  red 
pulp. 

Verdiso  in. ;  —  bianco,  wine  from  the  Treviso 
district. 

Verd-6ccio  ;  rather  green.    -6gnolo;  greenish. 

Verdolino ;  i.  slightly  green.  2.  as 
sb.,  a  green  liqueur.  3.  =  Verzellino, 
green  canary. 

Verddne ;  i.  m.  (ornith.) greenfinch, 
Linaria  chloris,  also  termed  Calenzolo, 
Verdello.  2.  as  adj.,  heavy  green. 

*Verducato;  i.  m.  i.q.  Verdugale.  ii.  v.  Ver- 
duco. 

Verduccio  in. ;  dim.  spreg.  Verde,  dirty  green. 

Verduco  m.  (Span,  verdugo,  young 
shoot  of  a  tree,  <  L.  viridis) ;  blade  of 
a  sword-stick,  with  four  sharp  edges. 

*yerdugale  (Span,  verdugo,  small  ring); 
farthingale. 

Verdume  m. ;  green  fodder. 

Verdura/;  i.  greenery.  2.  green 
vegetables. 

Verec6nd-o  (L.,<vereor,  with  ad- 
jectival suffix ;  root  var,  v.  Guardare) ; 
bashful.  Aff.  -ame'nte,  -ia. 

Veredario  ///.  (L.) ;  ancient  express  carrier. 

V6rga/  (L.  virga,prob.  for  **visga, 
akin  to  Sanskr.  vaya,  branch,  Irish//, 
rod;  root  -vi,  two,  v.  Venti, >**vis, 
twice,  cp.  L.  bis,  with  suffix  -ga,  the 

82 


650 


VERGADORO— VERRINA 


formation  being  thus  paralfel  to  Germ. 
Zweig  <**  tivy-ga,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Twig; 
the  primitive  meaning  therefore  was 
"forked  branch") ;  I.  rod,  switch.  2.  — 
d'  oro,  bar  of  gold.  3.  staff  of  a  pendu- 
lum. 4.  sceptre,  staff  of  authority. 
5.  membrum  virile.  6.  (bot.)  (a)  - 
d1  oro,  golden  rod,  Solidago  virgaitrea  ; 
(b)  —  d'  argento,  Michaelmas  daisy, 
Aster  Tradescanti;  (c)  —  sanguigna,= 
Sanguine,  cornelian  cherry.  7.  (mar.) 
—  secca,  cross-jack  yard  on  the  mizen 
mast,  v.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate  81.  7. 

*i.  =  Strale,  dart.  ii.  scion,  D.  Purg.  14.  102. 
iii.  beam  of  sunlight,  tiv.  (mar.)  gin  for  raising 
weights,  v.  Capra  (3). 

Vergadoro  ;  a  name  for  Mercury. 

Verg-aio,  -aro  ;«. ;  herdsman. 

Vergare  ind.  vergo ;  i.  to  flog.  2.  — 
fogli,  or  —  carta,  to  write  down,  put  on 
paper.  3.  to  mark  with  streaks  or 
stripes. 

Vergaro ;  v.  Vergaio. 

Vergata  f. ;  blow  with  a  rod. 

Vergatame'nte ;  streakily. 

Vergatino  m.  ;  striped  cloth.  t  = 
Mezzana. 

Vergella/;  dim.  Verga.  *  =  Va- 
pore. 

Vergello  111. ;  i.  notched  twig  with 
birdlime  in  the  notches;  Essere  in  sul 
— ifig-  to  t>e  m  Sreat  danger.  2.  wire- 
mark  in  paper. 

Vergfente  (L.) ;  verging. 

Vergheggi-are  ind.  verghe'ggio  ; 
i.  i.q.  Vergare,  to  flog.  2.  part,  -ato, 
=  Riscaldato,  affected  with  dry  rot. 

Verghetta/ ;  dim.  of  Verga. 

ti.  (mar.)=  Piccolo  paranco  di  cima,  yard-arm 
tackle,  ii.  =Linguetta,  tongue  of  a  joint. 

Verghettato ;  (herald.)  striped. 

Verghettfna  /. ;  sub-dim,  of  Verga. 

Vergillo  m. ;  =  Vergello. 

V6rgin-e  /  (L.  virgo);  \.  virgin; 
A  caso  — ,  unprejudiced,  ignorant  of 
the  circumstances;  Vino  — ,  wine  re- 
moved from  the  vat  before  fermentation 
is  completed.  2.  (mar.)  —  semplice, 
single  sister  block;  —  doppia,  sister 
block,  V.  Paasch,  Diz.  Mar.,  plate 
106.  22.  Aff.  -ale,  -alme'nte. 

Verginellay!:  i.  dim.  Vergine,  2.  in  pi.,  the 
shafts  of  a  pile-driving  apparatus. 

Vergin-etto;  dim.  adj.  of  -e.  -ina  f.\  a 
statuette  of  the  Virgin,  or  shrine  of  the  Virgin,  on 
a  country  road.  -ita/". ;  as  E.  -6nay, ;  a»gm. 
of  -e,  old  maid. 

Verg6gn-a  /.  (cogn.  Proveng.  -uer- 
gonha,  Fr.  vergogne,  old  Span,  ver- 
gueiia,  <  bit.  verconia,  <  L.  verecuiidia, 
v.  Verecondo) ;  i.  shame.  2.  modesty. 
Aff.  -arsi  to  be  ashamed. 

Vergognosay;;  (bot.)  i.  —  aspera,  Singapore 
hat  plant,  Aeschynomene  aspera.  2.  —  da  fiori 
grand!,  West  Indian  pea-tree,  Aeschynomene grandi- 
flora. 

Vergogn6s-o  ;  i.  shameful.  2.  timid,  retiring. 
Aff.  -ame'nte,  -etto  -fno  dims. 

Vergogn-ucciay!;  dim.  of -a. 

V^rgola  /  (A)-  (prob.  a  dim.  of 
Verga,  stripe);  a  kind  of  double  silk 
twist.  *narrow  stripe. 

*(B)  (L.  vergere,  to  bend,  turn  aside,  r.  Con- 
vergere) ;  a  light  skiff  formerly  used  at  Venice. 


Vergolato;  streaked. 
Vergolino  m. ;  dim.  Verga. 

tVergolo  ;    (mar.)  =  Abbocchevole,   crank,    un- 
steady.    . 

Vergdne  m. ;  i.  augm.  Verga.  2.= 
Panione,  twig  smeared  with  bird-lime. 

Verguccia/;  i.  dim.  Verga.  2.  in 
clocks,  a  short  bar  with  a  small  wheel 
at  each  end. 

Verguccio  in. ;  in  goldsmiths'  work,  a  some- 
what wide  channel  in  which  the  composition  is 
melted  from  which  the  bar  is  to  be  made,  which  is 
afterwards  hammered  out  to  make  foil  for  placing 
behind  transparent  gems. 

Veridic-o  (L.);  veritable,  trustworthy,  true. 
Aff.  -amente,  -ita. 

Verific-a  sl>.,  -abile,  -are,  -at6re,  -at6ra, 
-atrice,  -azi6ne ;  as  E. 

tVerigola  /.;  =  Trapano,    auger.      —  a   tre,  = 
Succhio  a  punta,  spiral  auger. 

Verina  /.  ;  i.  =  Cocca,  kink.  2.  punch  for 
making  a  preliminary  hole,  e.g.  for  a  nail. 

Verisim-ile  (L.  verus,  true,  similis,  like); 
life-like.  Aff.  -igliante,  -iglianza,  -ilmgnte. 

Ver-ismo  ;«.  (L.  vents') ;  realism.     AJjf.  -ista. 

Veri-ta/i;  truth,     -tiero;  sincere. 

Verl-a,  -ia/;  (orriitk.)  shrike,  ».  Averla. 

V6rme  m.  (L.  vermis,  root  wer,  to 
turn,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Worm) ;  worm. 

Vennena/ (wrr.  of  Verbena);  sprig. 

Verm-e'tto  m.  •  dim.  of  -e,  -icato  m. ;  mass 
of  worms,  -icciblo  in. ;  dim.  of -e. 

Vermicell-0  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Verme. 
2.  in  pi.,  vermicelli,  a  kind  of  macaroni. 
Aff.  -etto  -ino  dims. 

Vermicolare  ;  i.  (wed.)  rapid  and 
irregular,  thready  (pulse).  2.  twisted 
up  like  a  worm. 

Vermicolaria  /.;  (bot.)  white  stone-crop,  v. 
Erba  (57)- 

Verm-if6rme,  -ifugo  ;  as  E. 

Vermlgli-o  (L.  vermiculus,  dim.  of 
vermis,  grub,  and  in  late  L.  esp.  the 
cochineal  insect,  v.  Verme) ;  ruddy. 
Aff.  -e'tto,  -ezza. 

Vermigii6ne  in. ;  cinnabar. 
*  Verminaca  f. ;  =  Verbena,  vervain. 

V&rmine  m.  (bit.  **verminem,  for 
L.  vermem,  worm);  worm,  esp.  intes- 
tinal. 

Vermin6so  ;  full  of  worms. 
Vermo  m.\  poet,  for  Verme,  worm. 
Vermocane  M.  ;  (vet.)  staggers  in  horses. 

Verm6cehio  m.  ;  silkworm  in  the 
chrysalis  stage. 

Verm-ut,  -utte  m.  (Germ.  Wermuth, 
<O.H.G.  wermuot,  akin  to  A.S.  ver- 
tnod;  apparently  <.iverian,  to  protect  + 
mut/t,  courage ;  or  the  first  syllable  may 
be  wer,  man,  -v.  Skeat,  sub  Wormwood) ; 
a  cordial  made  of  white  wine  flavoured 
with  wormwood,  a  milder  form  of  ab- 
sinth. 

t  Vernacchiaia_/ ;  —  Palina,  copse  of  underwood. 
tVernacchio  tti. ;  chestnut  tree. 

Vernaccia/ ;  a  sweet  white  wine. 

Etym.  unkn.  The  most  obvious  derivation 
would  be  <  **vernfi£e«s,  <  L.  verna,  domestic 
slave,  v .  Vernacolo.  Other  suggestions  are  (i)  *  *  Ai- 
bernacens  as  being  wine  ready  by  the  winter,  (2)  the 
city  of  Verona,  but  this  last  seems  a  very  wild  guess. 

Vernaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Verno. 

Vernacolo ;  vernacular. 

Etym.  L.  vernaculus,<verna,  slave  born  in 
his  master's  house,  for  f*tvstifi,  root  ives,  to  abide, 
cp.  L.  I'esta,  goddess  of  the  household,  Gr.  eari'a, 
hearth,  A.S.  -wesan,  to  be,  Germ.  Wesen,  being,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Vernacular,  Was. 

Vernaidlo ;    Tuscan    peasant   who 


passes  the  winter  at  home  instead  of 
in  the  Maremma. 

Vern-are  ind.  verno  (A) ;  =  Sver- 
nare,  to  winter.  *(B)  (L.,<ver,  spring) ; 
of  birds,  to  sing.  Aff.  -ata  winter. 

Verner^ccio ;  wintry. 

tVernesco  ;=Bernesco,  humorous. 

Vernice,  pi.  Vernici,/!;  varnish. 

Etym.  Cogit.  Provenc..  vernitz,  Fr.  verms, 
Catalan  barnis.  Span,  baniiz,  <  bit.  vernix,  ver- 
jticium  or  feniisiuin,  of  doubtful  origin,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Varnish. 

Vernici-are  ;  to  varnish.     Aff.  -atoVe,  -atura. 

Verniere  m. ;  as  E.,  v.  Nonio. 

Vernin-o;  winter  (fidj).  Passera  -a,  hedge 
sparrow,  v.  Passera  (note,  &). 

Verno  in.  ;  pop.  for  Inverno,  winter. 

V6r-o  (L.,  akin  to  O.H.G.  war,  true, 
A.S.  ivczr,  truth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Warlock, 
Very) ;  true,  real.  Terra  -a,  very  earth, 
D.  Purg.  32.  94.  Salvo  il  — ,  to  the 
best  of  my  belief. 

Verodicente  ;  truth-speaking. 
*  Verola  f.   (var.   of  Vaiolo) ;    i.    frock,     ii.    by 
personification,  bogey. 

Veron-cello,  -cino  w.;  dims.  of-e. 

Ver6ne  m.  ;  i.  porch  at  the  top  of 
an  outside  flight  of  stairs,  giving  access 
to  the  upper  floor  of  a  house  in  the 
country.  2.  verandah  on  a  balcony  ; 
see  the  note  under  Terrazzo. 

*i.  balcony.     ii.  =  Loggia.     iii.  — Andito,  passage. 

Etym.  unkn.  The  most  probable  derivation 
seems  to  be  that  of  Korting,  viz.  <  L.  vertt,  spit,  of 
which  a  //.  variant  vfrones  occurs  in  an  inscription 
meaning  the  railings  round  a  tomb,  so  that  Verone 
originally  referred  to  the  balustrade  protecting  an 
outside  landing.  Veru  corresponds  to  Irish  bir, 
Breton  ber,  spit,  v.  Barra. 

Veronese;  of  Verona. 

Ver&nicayT;  i.  La  — ,  the  image  of  the  face 
of  our  Lord  impressed  upon  the  veil  of  St  Veronica, 
which  is  preserved  in  St  Peter's  at  Rome.  The 
name  is  an  alteration  of  Gr.  Berenice,  v.  Toynbee, 
Dante  Dictionary.  2.  (bot.)  (a)  —  campestre, 
field  speedwell,  Veronica  firj'ffisis,  also  termed 
Ederella,  (o)  medicinal  brooklime,  Veronica  becca- 
bunga,  (c)  —  maggiore,  germander  speedwell, 
Veronica  ctiamaedris,  (d)  —  medicinale,  medicinal 
speedwell,  Veronica  ojficinalis,  (e)  —  di  primavera, 
spring  speedwell,  Veronica  vera. 

Verosimile ;  probable. 
* Verray.;  =  Guerra,  war. 

Verraccio  m. ;  pegg.  Verre,  boar. 
tVerratw*. ;  v.  Caprisco. 

V6rr-e,  -o  m. ;  i.  boar.  2.  a  fungus, 
v.  Verrino. 

Etym.  L.  verres,  cogn.  Sanskr.  vcrsas.  bull, 
Zend  versan,  stallion,  Gr.  appjjc  or  apo-rji-,  male, 
root  ivers,  to  fall  in  drops,  be  distilled,  cp.  Sanskr. 
varstiti,  it  rains,  Gr.  ee'p^ij  for  tFepmj,  dew,  L.  rost 
dew,  the  male  animal  b'jing  regarded  as  sprinkling, 
bedewing,  cp.  Skeat,  sub  Ox. 

Verr^tt-a/.  (a  dim.  <  L.  veru,  jave- 
lin, v.  Barra) ;  dart.  Aff.  -one  augm. 

Verricello  m. ;  i.  winch.  2.  i.q. 
Burberino. 

Etym.  dub.,  but  the  word  is  no  doubt  akin  to 
Verrina,  auger,  both  being  related  in  the  same  kind 
of  way  to  L.  vertere,  -p.  Verrina. 

Verrina/  ;  =  Trapano,  auger. 

Etym.  dub.  Cogn.  Sardinian  dial,  berrina, 
barrina,  Fr.  vrille  (?),  Span,  barena,  Catalan  bar- 
rina,  Portug.  verruma,  barntma  (';),  all  meaning 
auger,  bit.  vcrimts,  screw  of  a  press;  the  kinship, 
however,  is  doubtful  as  regards  the  French  and 
Portuguese  forms,  vrille  being  rather  for  zvVZc,  <_L. 
viticulus,  and  barruma  of  Arabic  origin.  Diez 
attributes  the  group  to  L.  veruina,  short  spear,  < 
vent,  "v.  Barra,  but  Korting,  seeing  the  double  r, 
considers  **vertebritutt  dim.  of  vertebra,  in  sense 
of  turning  instrument,  a  more  probable  source. 
A  simpler  supposition  would  be  that  the  double  r 
represents  an  original  rs,  so  that  Verrina  and  its 
cognates  would  belong  to  the  stem  vers,  seen  in 
L.  versus,  part,  of  vertfre;  this  hypothesis  would 


VERRINARE— VESPERTILLO 


651 


also  serve  for  Verricello.      For  rs  >  rr,  z>.   infra, 
Verruca. 

Verrin-are  fait,  verrino  ;  to  bore,  r>.  -a. 

Verrino  in. ;  a  poisonous  fungus,  Boletus  tnuta- 
bills. 

Verro  ;  z'.  Verre. 

tVerrocchio  m.  {prob.  belonging  to  the  stem 
Vfrs ,  v.  Verricello,  Verrina) ;  olive-press. 

Vernica  f.  (L.,  for  **versttca,  root 
wers,  to  rise,  a  development  of  root 
•wer,  to  raise,  cp.  Gr.  deipa,  to  raise,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Wart) ;  wart. 

Verrucana/;  a  kind  of  sandstone. 

Verrucariay:  (L.,  the  plant  having  been  con- 
sidered a  cure  for  warts)  ;  (hot.)  a  species  of  turnsole, 
v.  Erba  (104). 

Verruto  (Veruto)  m. ;  i.o.  Verretta,  javelin 

Versaccio  m.  (pegg.  Verso);  i.  bad 
verse.  .2.  scornful  gesture. 

Versam^nto    ;//.  ;     I.     outpouring. 

2.  payment,  esp.  of  an  instalment. 
Versante  m.  (Fr.) ;  slope. 
Vers-are  ind.  verso  (L.  freq.  of  ver- 

tere) ;    I.    to  pour  out.      2.    to   upset. 

3.  to  shed    (tears).      4.    to    disburse. 

5.  to  leak,  lit.  or  fig.  Non  c'  e  pericolo 
che  -i,  there  is  no  fear  of  his  blabbing. 

6.  to  lie  among,  have  to  do  with ;  La 
difficolta  -a  in  questo...,  the  point  is... ; 
II  libro  -a  su  questo  argomento,  this  is 
the  subject  of  the  book ;  -a  in  pericolo 
di    vita,   his   life   is   in   constant    risk. 

7.  -arsi  of  a  river,  to  flow  into  (the  sea). 

8.  part,  -ato,  v.  infra  in  loco.    9.  scherz. 
=  Versificare. 

•i.  =Cangiare,  to  change,     ii.  =  Volgere,  to  turn. 

Versatil-e  ;  i.  reversible.    2.  versa- 
tile.   3.  unsteady,  changeable.    Aff.-\l\. 
Versato ;  versed,  skilled. 

Verseggi-are  ind.  verseggio ;  to  put  into  verse. 
Ajfr.  -abite,  -aniento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -a.tura. 

Vers-erello  dim.,  -ettino  suMiin.,  -£tto  or 
-icciolo  dim.,  of  -o. 

Verstera  /  (for  Avversaria) ;  the 
Devil's  wife,  hobgoblin. 

Versific-are  ind.  verslfico  ;  as  E.  Aff.  -atore, 
-atorello  dim.  spreg.,  -atorio,  -azione. 

Versilia  ;  part  of  the  Tuscan  Maremrna,  from 
the  name  of  the  river  Versidia. 

Versino  m. ;  dim.  Verso. 

Versi6ney^;  as  E. 

Versip&le ;  very  crafty. 

V6rs-o  m.  (L.,  lit.  a  turning,  <  ver- 
tere);  i.  verse,  or  any  line  of  writing, 
lit.  the  turning  from  the  preceding  line. 
2.  singing  of  birds.  3.  Mutar  — ,  to 
change  one's  tone.  4.  gesture,  usu.  of  an 
ugly  or  ridiculous  kind;  Far  sempre  un 
— ,  to  be  always  doing  the  same  thing ; 
Tutta  la  notte  fa  quel  — ,  that  is  how 
he  goes  on  all  night.  5.  direction; 
Devi  andare  per  questo  — ,  you  should 
follow  this  direction.  6.  side;  Non  lo 
prendere  da  cotesto  — ,  don't  catch 
hold  of  it  on  that  side.  7.  In  questi 
-i,  hereabouts,  in  this  neighbourhood. 

8.  means;    Per  un  —  o  per  un  altro, 
one  way  or  another  ;    Guardate  se  ci 
fosse  —  di  persuaderlo,  see  if  there  may 
not  be  some  way  of  persuading  him. 

9.  Andare  a'  -i  ad  alcuno,  to  humour 
him.     10.  Fare  una  cosa  pel  — ,  to  do 
it  in  the  proper  way.    1 1.  =Garbo,  good 
arrangement;  Cose  senza  — ,  things  all 
anyhow ;  Dar  —  alle  cose,  to  set  them 
straight.     12.  Pigliare  una  cosa  pel  suo 
— ,  to  understand  its  full  significance; 


Pigliare  il  —  di  (or  in)  una  cosa,  to  get 
hold  of  it  in  the  right  way,  utilise  it  to 
the  full.  13.  Rifare  il  — ,  to  mimic. 
14.  Prov.  A  tutti  i  poeti  manca  un  — , 
i.e.  we  all  have  our  failures.  15.  A  modo 
e  a  — ,  thoroughly ;  Giovine  a  — ,  a  tho- 
roughly nice  young  fellow. 

bsprep.:  1 6.  towards.  I  fused  with  a 
personal  pronoun,  di  is  added ;  —  di  se, 
in  itself;  —  di  lui,  towards  him.  17.  — 
di,  in  comparison  with.  18.  towards  (in 
time);  Verro  —  la  metk  del  mese,  I  will 
come  about  the  middle  of  the  month. 
19.  Di  — ,  from  the  direction  of;  Ven- 
gono  di  —  Siena,  they  come  from  the 
district  round  Siena. 

Versolino  tn. ;  dim.  Verso. 

*  Versorio  ;  free  to  move  in  every  direction. 
Versta  f.\  (Russian)  verst,  about  1200  yards. 
Vers -ucciaccio  dim. pegg.,  -uccio  dim.  spreg., 

-ucolo  dim.,  of -o. 

*Vers-uto  (L  );  cunning.     Aff.  *-uzia. 
Verta  f. ;  the  bag  part  of  a  casting-net. 
Vertebr-a,  -ale,  -ato;  as  E.    (L.,<vertere, 
to  turn.) 

•Vertecchio;  v.  Vertucchio. 

Vertenza/ ;  dispute,  difference. 

Vertere;  i.  (leg.)  to  be  pending. 
2.  to  matter,  be  of  consequence. 

Etym.  L.  vertere,  to  turn,  root  "wert,  to  turn, 
a  development  of  root  Tver,  to  turn,  cp.  Gr.  po.To.vri 
(in  Aeolic  jSparaya,  stirring-ladle,  O.K.G.  werdan 
>  Germ,  werden,  to  become,  ///.  turn  into),  E. 
worth  in  the  phrase  Woe  worth  the  day,  v.  Skeat, 
stto  Worth,  Toward,  Verse. 

Vertical-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  -mdnte. 
tVerticchio  m.\  (»/<zr.)=Radancia,  thimble. 

Vfertice  tn.  (L.  vertex,  originally  the  polar 
point  in  the  sky,  about  which  the  stars  turn,  < 
•uertere  ;  later,  the  zenith  point)  ;  =  Cima,  top. 

Verticill-o  m.  (L.  verticillus,  the  whorl,  or 
fly,  of  a  spindle,  a  piece  of  wood  or  bone  placed  on 
a^  spindle  to  twist  it  by) ;  (f>ot.)  verticil,  whorl,  any 
ring  of  organs  in  one  plane,  as  the  petals  round  a 
pistil  Aft.  -ato. 

Vertic611o  m. ;  (0r»zM.)=Torcicollo,  wryneck. 

Vertigin-eyC  (L.)  ;  dizziness.    Aff.  -oso. 

*  Vertucchio  (Vertecchio)  m.  (L.  verticillus,  v. 
Verticillo)  ;  whorl  of  a  spindle. 

Veriicolo  m.  (L. ,  dim.  of  veru,  v.  Barra) ;  a 
sort  of  pointed  style  used  in  encaustic  painting. 

Venino  (L.,  vel,  unus,  where  vel= 
even,  and  a  negative  is  suppressed  ; 
ne-vel-unus  not  even  one);  none. 

*  Veruto  ;  v.  Verruto. 

Verve  f.  (Fr.,  <  L.  verba,  as  it  were  inspira- 
tion) ;  ardour,  vigour. 

•Verza  /  ( A) ;  =  Sverza,  splinter.     (B)  (L.  vi- 
ridia,  v.  Verde);   a  kind  of  cabbage. 

t  Verzelata  /. ;    a  species  of  mullet,  v.    Mug- 
gin":  (s)- 

Verzellay::  =  Vergella,  switch. 

Verzelllno  m.  (double  dim.  based 
on  L.  •viridis);  (ornith.)  =  Raperino, 
serin. 

t  Verzene  f.  pl.;  =  Serrette,  bottom 
boards  of  a  boat. 

Verzi-care  ind.  vdrzico  -chi  (L.viri- 
dicare,  v.  Verde) ;  to  turn  green. 

Verzfcola  m. ;  sequence  of  three  or 
more  cards. 

Verziere  m.  (cogn.  Fr.  verger,  <  L. 
viridiarium,  v.  Verde) ;  fruit-garden. 
»=Albero. 

Verzfno  tn. ;   (hot.)  i.    Brazil-wood,   used  for 

; reducing  a  red  dye,  v.  Cesalpinia.     2.  —  Fernam- 
ucco,  v.  Fernambucco.     3.  —  Santa  Marta,  sappan 
wood,  from  the  Caesalpinia  sappan. 
•Verzire;  =  Verzicare,  to  turn  green. 

Verzdllay^;  in  bronze  casting,  long  iron  rod 
for  breaking  open  the  crucible. 

Vertbtto  m.; 
cabbage. 


C 

bi 


augm.  of  Verza  (B), 


Verzura/;  green,  quantity  of  green 
plants. 

Etym.  L.  viridis  (f.  Verde),  through  a  bit. 
form  **viridilira,  indicating  a  by-form  **viridius 
of  viridis. 

*Veschio  m.  ;  =  Vischio,  mistletoe. 

V^scia  f. ;  i.  (tot.)  puff.  2.  i.q. 
Loffa,  silent  discharge  of  wind.  3.  Far 
la  — ,  of  Polenta,  to  swell  up  in  baking. 
4.  fig.  idle  tale,  chatter. 

Species  of  puff:  (a)  — ,  Lycoperdon  pratetise', 
(b)  —  aperta  cattiva,  Pezizti  calycvhts  ;  (c)  —  aperta 
a  forma  di  tazza,  Peziza  cmtcibitlnm  ;  (d)  —  bianca, 
Lycoperdon  lanatum ;  (e)  —  buona,  or  comune, 
Lycoperdon  fit  rfuraceum  ;  (/}  —  scura,  Lycopcrdon 
muricatum ;  (£•)  —  di  lupo,  or  lupa,  Lycoperdon 
bovista  ;  (A)  —  gambata,  Lycoperdon  gemtnatum  ; 
(0  —  cattiva,  Lycoperdon  pedicellatutn ;  (J)  —  gem- 
mata,  maggiore,  or  scura.  Lycoperdon  souamosum ; 
(£)  —  gigantesca  di  Crimea,  Lycoperdon  horren- 
dum  ;  (/)  —  lattaiola,  Mttcor  lycogalti ;  (m)  — 
maggiore  bigia,  Lycoperdon  giganteum ;  («)  — 
stellata,  Lycoperdon  stcllatiim. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  vesse,  <C  O.  H.G.  visa  (> 
Germ.  Fiest,  discharge  of  wind),  cp.  E.  fizz,  fizzle. 
That  this  is  the  origin  of  the  name  for  the  fungus 
is  shown  by  the  analogous  French,  Spanish,  and 
German  terms  Vesse-de-loitp,  Pedo  de  lobo,  Wolffurz. 
*  Vesciaia  f.  ;=  Svesciona,  chatterer. 

Vescfca  f.  (cogn.  Fr.  vessie,  Span. 
vejiga,  <  L.  vesica  for  old  L.  vensica, 
bladder,  perhaps  akin  to  venter,  v.  Ven- 
tre);  i.  bladder.  2.  alembic.  3.  blister. 

Vescicant-e  m.;  blistering  ointment. 
Aff.  -ino  dim. 

Vescicarie  /  //. ;  (hot.}  \.  winter 
cherry,  v.  Alchechenge  ( i ).  2.  —  acide, 
Cape  gooseberry,  Physalis  Peruviana, 
also  termed  Ciliegine  del  Capodi  Buona 
Speranza. 

Vescicatbrio ;  blistering. 
Vesci-ch^tta  or  Vescfcola/ ;  vesi- 
cle, blister.     Aff.  -colare,  -cona. 

Vesci-c6ne  m. ;  i.  augm.  of  -ca. 
2.  fig.  =  Mostaccione,  presumptuous  fel- 
low. 3.  (vet.)  bog  spavin. 

Vescicdso;  blistered. 

*Vesciona/;  =  Svesciona,  chatterer. 

*Vesco  tn.;  i.  =  Vischio,  mistletoe.    ii.=Vescovo. 

Vescov-ado,  -ato  m. ;  I.  bishopric, 
position  of  a  bishop,  episcopal  dignity. 
2.  income  of  a  see.  3.  bishop's  palace. 

V6scov-o  m.  (L.  episcopus,  <  Gr. 
eVi'o-KOTroj,  overseer,  v.  Specie,  etym.) ; 
bishop.  Aff.  -dtto,  -ino  dims.,  -ile, 
-ilme'nte. 

Ves&VO ;  poet,  for  Vesuvio. 

Vesfalia;  (geogr.)  Westphalia. 

Veso ;  (geogr.)  Monte  — ,  now  Mon- 
viso,  a  peak  in  the  Alps  near  the  source 
of  the  Po. 

*Vesonto  in.  ;  =  Bisonte,  buffalo. 

V6spa  (Vespe)  /  (L.,  akin  to  A.S. 
weeps,  wcefs,  Lith.  wapsa,  gadfly,  Rus- 
sian osa,  wasp;  root  webh,  to  weave, 
from  the  nests) ;  wasp. 

Vespaio  m. ;  i.  wasp's  or  hornet's 
nest.  2.  (med.)  carbuncle.  3.  ventila- 
tion space  under  the  ground-floor  rooms 
of  a  house. 

*  Vespe  y!;  =  Vespa,  wasp. 
Vespero  tn. ;  the  evening  star. 

Vesperdne/w. ;  augm. Vespro, solemn 
performance  of  vespers. 

Vespert-ilio,  -illo  m.  (L.);  =  Pipi- 
strello,  bat. 

82—2 


652 


VESPERTINO— VIA 


Vespertino;  of  evening. 

Vespiere  ;«.;  (ornith.)  bee-eater,  v.  Grottaione. 
Vesp6n-a/,  -e  m.\  augnt.  Vespa,  wasp. 
*Vespritello  m.  ;  —  Pipistrello,  bat. 

Vespro  in.;  (eccl.)  vespers,  the  last 
but  one  of  the  Canonical  Hours,  v. 
Canonico  (3). 

Vess-are  ind.  vesso  (L.  vexare,freq. 
of  veho,  to  carry,  v.  Veicolo)  ;  to  harass. 
Aff.  -atorio,  -azione. 

Vessica/;  =  Vescica,  bladder. 

Vessicante  in.  ;  pop.  for  Vescicante, 
blister. 

Vessillaria  /  ;  (/-at.)  —  della  Virginia,  Vir- 
ginian flag-flower,  Vexillaria  Virginica,  also 
termed  Fiore  da  bandiera  della  Virginia. 

Vessill-ario  1/1.  ;  standard-bearer.  -azi6ne 
f.  ;  cavalry  belonging  to  a  legion  of  auxiliaries. 
-ifero  »i.  ;  i.q.  -ario. 

Vessillo  m.  (L.  vexillum,  dim. 
formed  from  the  stem  veg-  of  velum, 
v.  Velo)  ;  standard,  strictlyof  the  ancient 
Roman  legion. 

Vesta/;  pop.  for  Veste. 

Vestaglia/;  fancy  name  for  dressing-gown. 

Vestale  ;  as  E.  (L.,  root  vies,  to  abide,  cp. 
Gr.  ecrria,  domestic  hearth,  Gothic  wisan,  to  be, 
E.  was,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  p.  760). 

V6ste  f.  (L.,  root  wes,  to  clothe,  cp. 
Gr.  tWv/u  for  Fitr-vv^i,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Vest);  i.  garment,  dress,  garb.  2.  straw 
casing  of  a  wine-bottle.  3.  Jig.  right  or 
assumed  right  ;  Con  qual  -  -  dovr6 
agire  ?  what  right,  or  pretext,  shall  I 
have  for  acting? 

Vestfalia  ;  v.  Vesfalia. 

Vestiario  m.  ;  i.  clothing,  fit  out. 
2.  (eccl.')  vestry. 

Vestiarista  m.  ;  theatrical  outfitter. 

Vestibolo  m.  (I*,  prob.  <  vesti-,  resting-place, 
root  lues,  as  in  Vestale,  +  suffix  -buljtm,  as  in  sessi- 
bulum,  turribulum)  ;  as  E. 

Vest-icci61a  dim.,  -icina  dint.  i'ezz.t  of  -e. 

Vestig-e  ;  f.  pi.  poet,  of  -io. 

Vesti-gio  >«.,  with//,  m.  -gi  or/  -gia  ;  trace, 
vestige. 

Etyin.  L.,  prob.  for  **T.>erstiginm,  <  **versti-, 
akin  to  verrere,  to  sweep,  cp.  Fastigio. 

Vestiment-o  m.,  with  //.  »/.   -i  or/  -a  (L.); 

1.  clothing.     2.  of  a  nun,  taking  the  veil. 

Vest-ina/;  ditu.  vezz.  of-e. 

Vest-ire   ind.   vesto:     I.   to  clothe. 

2.  to  put  (a  dress)  on.    3.  intr.  to  dress. 
4.  Nascer  -ito,  to  be  born  with  a  caul, 

fig.  to  be  lucky.  5.  Asino  calzato  e 
-ito,  i.e.  utter  ass.  6.  Riso  -ito,  forced 
smile.  7.  Ballata  -ita,  dance  when 
there  are  several  rooms  open  ;  non  -ita, 
when  it  is  all  in  one  room. 

Vestft-0  m.  ;  dress,  suit  of  clothes. 
Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -uccio  dim.  pegg., 
-ura  dressing. 

Vestizidne  f.  ;  assuming  the  habit 
of  an  Order  of  chivalry  or  of  religion. 

Vest-6na  or  -6ne  augm.,  -uccia  dim.  pegg., 
of-e. 

Veterano  ;  as  E.  (L.,  <  veter-,  stem  of  vetus, 
v.  Vecchio.) 

Veterinari-a/;  veterinary  science.  Aff.  -o. 
(L.,  <  veterinae,  draught  cattle,  probably  related 
in  some  way  to  i>etits,  old.  Derivation  <  vckere, 
through  **  vekiterinus,  has  been  suggested,  but  the 
adj.  from  vekere  is  vectorius.) 

*  Veterino  ;  relating  to  draught  cattle,  v.  supra. 

Veto  JH.;  as  E.     (L.,  ?\  Vietare.) 


^  ;  glass  furnace,  -aio  m.  ; 
glazier,  -ame  m.  ;  glass  ware,  -ario  ; 
of  glaziers. 

Vetrata  /  ;  i.  glass  door  of  a  cup- 


board or  in  a  passage.     2.  large  glazed 
window,  e.g.  in  a  church. 

Vetratina  / ;  the  half-glazed  door 
of  a  shop. 

Vetrat-6ne  m. ;  aug.  of  -a. 

Vetrerla  /  ;  i.  glass  furnace! 
2.  glass  ware. 

Vetrice/;,  sometimes  m.  (L.  vitex,  the  chaste 
tree,  v.  Agnocasto,  root  vtei,  to  bend,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Withy);  (/<>/.)  i.  sweet  bay  willow,  v.  Salcio  (*"). 

2.  osier,  if.  Salcio  (*).     3.  —  bianca,  white  willow, 
v.  Salcio  (a).     4.  —  gialla,  yellow  willow,  v.  Salcio 
(d).     5.    —   marina   or  spinosa,  sea   buckthorn,  v. 
Olivello.     6.  —  salvatfca,  scorpion  senna,  v.  Emero. 

Vetriciaia  /;  grove  of  Vetrici. 

Vetrici6ne  tn.  (angm.  Vetrice) ;  (hot.')  white 
willow,  Sftlix  alba,  v.  Salcio  (rt). 

Vetriera  f.;  i.q.  Vetrata  (i). 

Vetrific-are  ind.  vetrifico ;  to  vitrify.  Aff. 
-abile,  -azione. 

Vetrigno;  glassy. 

Vetrfna/;    i.  glaze.   2.  glass  case. 

3.  glazed  cupboard. 

Vetrin-o ;  i.  brittle.  (Barba)  -a, 
stubbly.  2.  (Occhio)  — ,  with  a  white 
circle  occupying  the  rim  of  the  iris. 

Vetri61a  /  ;  i.  (fat.)  wall-pellitory,  v.  Erba 
(158).  2.  slang  term  for  glass  to  drink  out  of. 

Vetri&l-o  m.  (from  the  glassy 
appearance  of  metallic  sulphates)  ; 

1.  (chem.)   vitriol  ;    —  turchino,  verde, 
bianco,  rosso,   blue,  green,  white,  red 
vitriol ;  the   sulphate   of  copper,   iron, 
zinc,  cobalt ;  —  di  Cipro,  blue  vitriol ;  — 
di  Parigi  or  marziale,  Paris  green,  green 
vitriol ;  • —  romano,  crystallized  sulphate 
of  iron   occurring   native  near  Rome. 

2.  slang  term  for  drinking-glass.   *glass 
bead.     Aff.  -ico. 

Ve'tro  m.  (L.  vilrutn) ;  i.  glass  ; 
—  di  cocca,  flint  glass  ;  —  di  corona, 
crown  glass.  2.  —  di  Moscovia, 
Muscovy  glass,  a  variety  of  mica. 

3.  Magico  — ,  magic  lantern.  4.  window- 
pane.     5.   Dar  nel  — ,  to  drink  freely. 
6.  Carca  — ,  sand-paper. 

*Vetrone  m.\  snow  melted  and  refrozen. 

Vetr6so;  shiny. 

Ve'tta  /  (A)  (L.  evecta,  <  niehere, 
v.  Veicolo) ;  top,  end.  Cercar  de'  fichi 
in  — ,  v.  Fico  (27). 

(B)  (L.  vitta,  fillet,  root  wei,  to  bend,  z>.  Skeat, 
sttb  Withy);   (mar.)  fall  (of  a  tackle  or  purchase). 

*  =  Benda,  bandage. 

(C)  (L.  vectis,  lever,  <  veho) ;  swingle  of  a  flail. 

*  =  Pertica,  pole. 

Vettaiolo  ;  growing  at  the  end  of  a  branch. 

Vettarella/;  dim.  Vetta. 

Vette  tn.  (viir.  of  Vetta,  C)  ;  cross-piece  of  the 
hilt  of  a  foil,  "lever. 

Vettic-cidla,  -ina  ;  dims,  of  Vetta. 
*  Vettigale    (L.    vectigalis,  <  vectigal,    toll,  < 
vectus,  part,  of  veho,  v.  Veicolo,  with  suffix  <  ago) ; 
tributary. 

Vettina  f.;  dim.  Vetta.     *  oil-jug. 

Vettolina/;  dim.  Vettina. 

Vett6ne  m.  (augm.  Vetta) ;  i .  =  S  uc- 
ciaione,  overgrown  shoot.  2.  large  prop 
for  a  vine. 

Vett6re  ;  (geom.)  vector. 

Vettovagli-a  /  (L.  victualia,  < 
victiis,  food,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Victual)  ; 
provision  for  an  army  on  the  march. 
Aff.  -ame'nto,  -are  vb. 

Vett-uccia/;  dim.  pegg.  of -a. 

Vettura  /  (cogn.  Fr.  voiture,  <  L. 
vectura,<veho,  v.  Veicolo);  i.  hiring 


a  wheeled  vehicle  or  transport  animal. 
2.  price  of  the  same.  3.  Fare  una  —  , 
of  a  driver,  to  drive  a  vehicle  for  a  given 
journey.  4.  Far  —  ,  of  the  hirer,  to  be 
driven  in  the  vehicle.  5.  the  vehicle 
itself,  fly,  cab  ;  —  di  rimessa,  carnage 
from  a  livery  stable  ;  —  di  piazza,  cab 
off  the  rank  ;  -  -  di  posta,  posting 
carriage.  6.  railway  carriage,  usu. 
Vagone.  7.  (scherz!)  Fare  il  maestro 
a  —  ,  to  give  private  lessons. 

Vettur-ale  m.  •  carter,  -ale'sco  ; 
adj.  -eggiare  ;  to  drive  a  cart. 

Vetturin-o;  i.  (bot.)  Erba  -a,  meli- 
lot,  v.  Erba  (159).  2.  as  s6.,  fly-driver. 

Vetust-o  (L.,  v.  Vecchio);  ancient. 


Vezzeggi-are  ind.  vezze'ggio  ;  to 
fondle.  Aff.  -ame'nto. 

Vezzeggiativo  ;  coaxing,  (gram.) 
Nome  —  ,  noun  with  a  termination  of 
endearment,  usually  that  of  -ino,  a 
diminutive  sense  being  also  implied. 
Thus  Ragazzo  being  boy,  Ragazzino  is 
darling  little  boy. 

Vezzino  m.  ;  dim.  Vezzo  (3),  small 
necklace. 

V6zz-o  m.  ;  i.  habit,  trick,  way  ; 
Essere  il  mio  —  di  dir  cosi,  to  be  a  way 
of  mine  to  say  this  ;  Ora  c'  e  il  —  di 
negar  tutto,  it  is  the  fashion  nowadays 
to  deny  everything.  2.  caress,  endear- 
ment given  to  a  child  ;  Figliuol  di  -i, 
little  pet,  child  more  or  less  spoilt  by 
its  mother's  constant  caressing.  Hence 
by  a  further  transition  of  metaphor, 

3.  necklace  of  pearls,  corals  or  the  like. 

4.  toy,  plaything  generally.     5.  in  pi., 
-i,  charms,  attractions. 

Etym.  A  variant  of  Vi/io,  <  L.  vitium,  vice, 
so  that  the  primary  meaning  is  bad  habit  ;  the  idea 
of  badness  still  so  far  clings  that  the  word  would 
hardly  be  used,  unless  ironically,  of  a  praiseworthy 
custom.  Vitium  is  from  the  root  wei,  to  bend  (vice 
being  regarded  as  a  yielding),  v.  Skeat,  sub  Withy, 
Wire.  An  analogous  transition  from  a  material  to  a 
moral  sense  presents  itself  in  the  word  Vacillare. 

Vezz6s-o  ;  charming,  nice,  pretty. 
Aff.  -amente  adv.,  -ello  -etto  -ino  dims. 
vezz. 

Vi  (A)  ;  contr.  of  Voi.  (B)  ;  aphae- 
resis  of  Ivi,  there,  and  used  synony- 
mously with  Ci. 

Via  /  (L.,  for  old  L.  vea,<**veha, 
root  -wegh,  to  move,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Via- 
duct, Way);  i.  street,  road.  2.  way, 
means.  3.  career  ;  Ha  scetto  la  - 
degli  impieghi,  he  has  chosen  the 
career  of  a  clerk.  4.  -  -  di  mezzo, 
middle  course.  5.  Vie  di  fatto,  acts 
of  violence.  6.  (mar.)  —  d'  acqua,  leak. 
7.  —  lattea,  the  Milky  Way.  8.  Dar 
la  —  ,  (a)  to  provide  with  an  exit,  (b)  to 
give  (an  animal)  its  head,  (c)  to  give 
free  utterance  (to  one's  thoughts). 
9.  Mettersi  la  —  tra'  piedi,  to  push 
along,  io.  Non  esser  la  —  dell'  orto, 
to  be  a  long  journey,  lit.  not  to  be  the 
way  to  the  orchard,  u.  in  saying  the 
multiplication  table,  by  ;  Tre  —  tre  fa 
nove,  three  by  three  is  nine  ;  Andare 
nell'  un  —  uno,  to  be  endless,  v.  Uno 
(7).  12.  —  guerra  fa  fame,  —  fame  fa 


VIABILE— VIGNA 


653 


peste,  by  war  comes  famine  and  by 
famine  pestilence.  13.  as  excl.,  (a) 
come  !  often  preceded  by  Su.  Su  — ! 
now,  come  along ;  (6)  be  off  with  you ! 

As  adv. :  14.  away;  Andar  — ,  of 
goods,  to  go  off;  Quel  libro  va  — -a 
ruba,  that  book  is  going  off  splendidly ; 

Dar  — ,  to  give  away.     15. ,  i.q. 

Di  mano  in  mano;  —  —  che  arrivano 
i  libri  collocateli  negli  scaffali,  put  the 
books  on  the  shelves  as  fast  as  they 
come.  16.  E  —  discorrendo,  or  di- 
cendo,  and  so  on.  17.  Ma — ,  in  depre- 
cation ;  Ma  — ,  ti  par  giusto  di...,  but 
look  here,  does  it  seem  to  you  fair 
to...?  Se  almeno  gli  avesse  dato  un 
acconto,  — ,  ma  punti,  if  only  he  would 
have  made  a  payment  on  account,  that 
would  have  been  something,  but  no  ! 
18.  Per  —  di,on  account  of ;  Se  ne  vuole 
andare  per  —  di  te,  it  is  on  your  account 
that  he  is  going  away.  19.  Vie  piu, 
or  as  one  word  Vieppiu,  much  more. 
20.  Buttar — ,  to  throw  into  the  dirty 
clothes  basket.  21.  Da  quella  — ,  on 
the  way ;  Vo  alia  biblioteca  e  da  quella 
—  passo  dal  sarto,  I  am  going  to  the 
library  and  shall  call  at  the  tailor's  on 
the  way  there. 

*  i. ,  very  speedily,  D.  Purg.  8.  39.     ii.  A 

gran  — ,  =  A  mille  miglia,  far  and  away  (in  making 
a  comparison). 

Viabile  ;  (mt<t.)  as  E. 

Viabilitk  f. ;  suitableness  of  a  road 
surface  for  the  traffic  on  it. 

tViadanayl;  =  plonetta,  duck  canvas. 
Viad6tto  m. ;  viaduct. 

Viagg^tto  m. ;  dim.  Viaggio. 

Viaggi-are  ;  to  travel.  Aft.  -ante 
s&.,  -atore,  i.q.  -ante,  -atrice.' 

Viaggio  m.  (L.  viaticum,  provisions 
for  a  journey,  <  viaticus,  adj.  of  via, 
road,  v.  Via) ;  journey. 

Vial-e  m. ;  avenue.  Aff.  -e"tto  -ino 
dims. 

Viandante  m. ;  traveller  on  foot, 
passer-by. 

*Viar-eccio  ;  portable.     *-o  m. ;  road  surveyor. 
*Viatanto;  nevertheless. 

Viatico  m. ;  (eccl.)  communion  given 
to  a  dying  person. 

*i.  food  for  a  journey,  it.  journey. 

Via-t6re  m.,  -trice/  ;  passenger. 

Vi-atdrio  ;  adj.  of  -atore.     *  transitory. 

Viavai  in.;  i.q.  Andirivieni,  bustling. 

Vlbice  tit.  (L.  vibix,  weal,  cp.  Lettish 
•wibele,  weal,  akin  to  vib-rare,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Sweep,  Vibrate) ;  livid  mark. 

Vibr-are  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Vibrate) ; 
i.  to  hurl,  with  an  idea  of  quivering,  as 
to  hurl  a  spear.  2.  to  deliver  (a  violent 
blow).  3.  to  brandish.  4.  to  lash,  as 
a  lizard  may  lash  its  tail.  5.  intr.  to 
vibrate. 

AJf.  -amento,  -atezza  forcibleness,  power,  usu. 
/if.,  of  language,  -atilc  ciliated  (epithelium),  -atore, 
-atrice,  -atorio,  -azioncella  dim. ,  -azione. 

Vibri6nc  m.  (coined  from  L.  vibrare);  as  E. 

Viburno  m. ;  (hot.)  mealy  guelder  rose,  v. 
Viorno. 

Vicaria/ ;  vicarship.    *v.  Vicheria. 
Vicaria/  ;   i.  lady  superior.    2.  fig. 
chatterer. 


Vicari-o  m.  (L.,<vicis,  v.  Vece);  vicar.  Aff. 
-ale,  -ato. 

Vice  /;  poet,  for  Vece. 

Vice-ammiraglio  m. ;  as  E.  -biblio- 
tecario  m.  \  under-librarian.  -cancel- 
li^re  m. ;  vice-chancellor,  -caso  m.  ;= 
Segnacaso.  -cbnsole  in. ;  as  E.  -curate 
in. ;  acting  curate,  -dio  m. ;  vicegerent 
of  God,  the  Pope,  -domino  m. ;  acting 
governor,  -gerfente/,  -gerenza/,  -le- 
gato m.;  asE.  -madre/.;  foster-mother. 

Vicend-a  f.  (a  gerundial  sb.  appa- 
rently formed  directly  from  L.  vicem, 
v.  Vece);  i.  alternation  ;  A  — ,  in  turn, 
by -turns,  mutually.  2.  =  Caso;  Le  -e 
della  mia  vita,  the  ups  and  downs  of 
my  life  ;  Racconto  le  sue  -e,  he  related 
his  adventures.  3.  (agric.}  rotation  of 
crops.  4.  turn  of  service ;  Una  — •  di 
buoi,  the  time  during  which  oxen  are 
yoked  ;  Ora  venne  la  —  della  volpe,  it 
was  now  the  fox's  turn. 

Vicend^vol-e ;  i.  alternate.  2.  re- 
ciprocal. Aff.  -dzza,  -mente. 

Vicennale  ;  recurring  every  twenty 
years. 

Vic^nnio  ;//.  ;  =  Ventennio,  period  of 
twenty  years. 

Etym.  L.,  either  <  vicies  +  finnus,  or<viceni 
+  ann-us ;  both  vicies,  twenty  times,  and  viceni, 
twenty  each,  are  akin  to  "viginti,  v.  Venti. 

Vice-parroco  m. ;  acting  curate. 
-patriarca  m. ;  as  E.  -pref^tto  m., 
-presidente  m. ;  as  E.  -r6  m. ;  viceroy, 
-reale  m. ;  viceregal,  -reggfente  m. ; 
regent,  -regina/;  lady  viceroy,  -ret- 
t6re  in. ;  vice-rector,  -segretario  m. ; 
assistant  secretary. 

Vicetempo  in.  \  (gram.')  sign  of  tense 
in  a  verb. 

Viceversa  adv. ;  as  E. 

*  Vicheria    (Vicaria)  f.    (L.    vicus,   v.   Vicino); 
(mil.)  raw  levies,  auxiliaries. 

Vicinale ;  i.  of  the  neighbours. 
2.  Strada  — ,  road  between  villages, 
country  road. 

Viciname  ;«. ;  spreg.  for  Vicinato. 

Vicin-amente  ;  v.  -o.     -ante;  neighbour. 

Vicinanza  /  ;  neighbourhood,  sur- 
roundings. 

Vicinato  tn. ;  the  neighbours  gene- 
rally. 

Vicinfna  f. ;  Far  la  — ,  to  go  near 
winning. 

Vicini6re  (L.,  comparative  of  vi- 
cinus) ;  in  near  proximity,  very  closely 
neighbouring. 

Vicin-0;  near,  neighbouring.  Aff. 
-ita. 

Etym.  \j.t<.vicus,  village,  akin  to  Gr.  O?KO? 
for  foiicos,  house,  Irish  ficli,  village,  Sanskr.  vie,  to 
enter,  vefas,  house,  root  iveik,  to  enter,  come  to,  v. 
Skeat,  tti.  1910,  sub  Vicinage. 

Vicissitudiney".  (L.,  <vicem,  v.  Vece);  as  E. 

*  Vicitare  ;  =  Visitare. 

Vico  m.  (A);  short  for  Lndovico. 
*(B)  (L.  vicus,  v.  Vicino);  i.  =  Vicolo,  alley; 
—  degli  strami,  D.  Par.  10.  137,  the  Rue du  Fouatre, 
yictts  stramineus  at  Paris,  Petrarch's  strepidultts 
strtiminum  vicus,  so  called  from  the  straw-strewn 
floors  of  the  schools  :  it  was  close  to  the  river  in  the 
region  still  known  as  the  Qnartier  Latin  and  was 
the  centre  of  the  Arts  Schools  at  Paris  (Toynbee, 
Dante  Diet.),  ii.  =  Borgo,  region,  D.  Purg.  22.  99. 

Vfcol-o  m.  (dim.  Vico,  B);  alley. 
Aff.  -etto  -ino  dims. 


*Vidanda./;  =  Vivanda,  viands. 

Vidimare  ind.  vfdimo  (Fr.  vidimer, 
<.  L.  vidimus,  we  have  seen) ;  to  stamp 
as  correct. 

tVididIa/;  =  Viola,  rainbow-fish. 
•Vidole;  v.  Vivole. 

Vie  ;  v.  Via  (19). 

tViegio  (Biegio)  (var.  of  Vizzo);  =  Stento,  sickly. 
•Viella/.;  dim.  Via. 

Viemaggiorm^nte ;  much  more  so. 
Vieppifc ;  far  more,  v.  Via  (19). 

*Viera_/.  (L.  vin'a,  bracelet,  cp.  Venetian  and 
Comascan  dial,  vira,  ring,  hoop,  root  wei,  to  twist, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Wire)  ;  =  Ghiera,  ring. 

Viet-are  ind.  vieto  ;  to  forbid.  Aff. 
-abile,  -amento,  -ativo,  -at6re,  -atrice. 

Etym.  L.  vetare,  in  old  L.  votare,  but  the  o  is 
considered  unoriginal,  e  and  o  being  rather  freely 
interchanged  in  Latin,  as  in  verto,  vorto,  vester, 
vaster.  The  word  therefore  is  probably  akin  to  Gr. 
e-rds,  for  /Wos,  in  vain,  the  root  being  ue-,  away, 
apart,  as  in  aurtoy,  vainly,  L.  ait-ferot  to  take  away, 
v.  Walde,  sut  Au. 

Vi6to  (L.  vietus,  shrivelled,  part,  of 
viescere,  v.  infra,  Virulento) ;  i.  rancid. 
2.  jaundiced.  3.  old-fashioned  (lan- 
guage). 

Vietta/;  dim.  Via. 

Vietume  m. ;  spreg.  rotten  stuff,  v.  Vieto. 
*  Vigecupolo  ;  twenty  times  as  much. 

Vfgere,  defect,  vb.,  the  forms  used 
are  vige,  vigono,  vigeva,  vigevano,  vi- 
ge'sse,  vigessero,  vigendo  (L.  v.  Vigore); 
(leg.}  to  be  in  force. 

Vig^simo  (L.,  v.  Venti);  twentieth. 

Vigil-are  ind.  vfgito;  to  watch.  Aff.  -ante, 
-an/a,  -azidne. 

Etym.  L. ,  <  vigil,  awake,  root  lues,  to  be 
strong,  to  be  awake,  cf>.  L.  vigere,  to  flourish,  Irish 
fell,  Welsh  gwyl,  festival,  lit.  watching,  Germ. 
uracker,  brisk,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Vigil, 
Wake  (,). 

Vfgile  ;  i.  watchful.  2.  at  Rome, 
in  pi.  as  sb.,  firemen. 

Vigflia  /;  i.  =  Veglia,  watching. 
2.  (eccl.)  vigil. 

Vigliacc-accio  >'£§•.,  -ame'nte ;  v.  -o. 

Vigliaccherfa  /  ;  cowardice,  mean- 
ness. 

Vigliaccio  ;//. ;  ears  of  corn  which 
have  been  passed  over  in  threshing, 
v.  Vigliare. 

Vigliacco  m. ;  utter  coward,  also  as 
adj. 

Etym.  dub.  Perhaps  an  irregular  pegg.  from 
L.  vilis,  cp.  Span,  bellaco,  Portug.  velhaco,  sly, 
from  a  bit.  **  viliaccus  ? 

Vigli-are  ;  to  sort  out  the  Vigliacci 
from  the  chaff  and  grain.  Aff.  -atura. 

Etym.  Perhaps<**z'/V/^wj,  shaggy, <L.  villus, 
tuft,  referring  to  the  little  brooms  used  to  effect  the 
sorting  out. 

Vigltetto  m.  ;  =  Biglietto,  letter, 
card. 

•Vigliuolo  »(.;  =  Vigliaccio. 

Vigna/  (L.  vinea,  vineyard  or  vine, 
v.  Vino);  i.  vineyard;  --  andante, 
where  there  is  nothing  but  vines. 
2.  Non  esser  terreno  da  piantar  — , 
i.e.  either  (a)  to  form  no  safe  foundation 
for  some  action  or  statement,  or  (b)  to 
be  one  whom  it  is  no  use  trying  to 
deceive.  3.  Trovare  la  —  del  Signore, 
or  di  Cristo,  or  una  bella  — ,  i.e.  to 
make  a  lucky  hit.  4.  (mil.  Az'j/.)  = 
(5),  mantlet.  5.  (usu.  in//.)  vine. 


654 


VIGNAIO— VIOLACCIOCCA 


*Vignaiowr.;  i.  =Vignaiolo.    ii.  =  Vigneto. 

Vignaiblo  m. ;  vine-dresser. 

*Vignare  ;  i.  =Avvignare.    ii.  fig,  to  jeer. 
Vignato  ;  planted  with  vines. 

Vign^tO  m. ;  i.  vineyard.  2.  group 
of  vineyards. 

Vign^tta  / ;  vignette  (in  a  book), 
originally  a  flourish  of  vine-leaves  and 
tendrils. 

Vign-61a  dim.,  -6na  or  -6ne  angm.,  -uccia 
dim.  sfreg.,  of  -a. 

Vig6gna  f.  (Peruvian  word) ;  vicuna,  a  species 
ofllama,  or  the  cloth  made  from  its  wool. 

Vig6re  m.  (L.,  root  veg,  v.  Vigilare) ;  as  K. 

Vigor-eggiare  ind.  vigoreggio ;  to  acquire 
vigour. 

Vigoria  f.  (angm.  of  Vigore);  energy. 

Vigoros-amente,  -ita,  -o ;  it.  Vigore. 

Vile  (L.  vilis,  cheap,  akin  to  Welsh 
gvtael,  vile,  gwaelod,  dregs,  \ns\\fael, 
bad);  i.  as  E.  2.  cheap. 

*  Villa /;  =  Vigilia,  vigil. 

Viliftc-are  ;  to  villify.  Aff.  -amento,  -atore, 
-atrice. 

Vilio  ;  pop.  for  Vile,  cheap. 

Vilipendere  per/.  vilipesi,/<rr/.  vili- 
pe"so  (L.,  <  vilis,  cheap,  pendere,  to 
weigh) ;  to  despise. 

Vilipdndio  m. ;  contempt. 

tVilisu  m. ;  =  Callionimo,  dragonet 
(fish). 

Villa  f.  (L.,  dim.  of  vicus,  village, 
by  contr.  from  **victtla);  i.  country 
house.  2.  town,  but  obsolete  in  this 
sense  except  in  the  proverb  Piccola 
scintilla  puo  bruciare  una  — . 

Villaggio  ?«.  (L.  villatic-us)  ;  village. 

Villan-accio  pegg.,  -a  /,  -ame'nte 
adv.,  -ata  boorish  act,  -611a  country 
girl,  -ello  country  boy,  -escamente 
adv.,  -6sco  boorish,  -la  insulting  lan- 
guage, abuse  ;  v.  -o. 

Villdn-o;  i.  rustic,  often  with  an 
implication  of  boorishness.  2.  —  rifatto 
or  —  rivestito,  nouveau  riche,  parvenu. 
3.  as  sb.,  peasant. 

*i.    ugly.      ii.    cruel,      iii.    name   of   a   Spanish 
breed  of  horses,     iv.    peasant's  cloak. 
AJf.  -<5ne  -6na  augins. ,  -zone  intens. 

Villanzublo  m. ;  humble  rustic. 

*  Vill-areccio  ;  v.  -ereccio. 
*Villatay^;  smalltown. 

*  Villatico  ;  rural. 

Villeggi-are  ind.  villeggio;  to  stay 
in  the  country.  Aff.  -ame'nto,  -atura 
country  holiday. 

Vill-er6ccio(-areccio),-eresco;rural. 

Vill-6tta,  -ettina,  -fna,  dims.  vezz. 
of -a. 

Villico,  pi.  villici,  m. ;  countryman. 
*steward. 

Villino  in. ;  i.  dim.  Villa,  country 
house.  2.  house  in  the  outskirts  of  a 
town,  with  a  garden. 

Villo  m.:  (M.)  hair. 
Vill6n-ay?,  -e  jn.;  angms.  of  Villa. 
Villos-o  (L.,  v.  Velluto);  villous.    Aff.  -ita. 
Vill-ucciay".;  dim.  sf>rcg.  of -a. 
Vil-mente,  -ta ;  j/.  Vile. 

*  Vilpistrello  in.  ;  =  Pipistrello,  bat. 
Vilucchio  ui.   (perhaps  <  **volucitlum,  <  L. 

tolvcre,  to  roll?);  (bot.)  j.  —  dei  canipt,  corn  bind- 
weed, i'.  Erba  (69  bis).  2.  —  delle  siepi,  great 
bindweed.  Convolvulus  sefiutft. 

Vilucchidne  m. ;  (bot.)i.q.  Vilucchio  (2). 


Vilume  m.  (It.  vile) ;  trash. 

Viluppo  m.  (cogn.  old  Fr.  voluper, 
to  wrap,  old  Ital.  goluppare,  Provenq. 
and  old  Span,  volopar,  from  a  base 
volup-  of  unknown  origin,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Envelop) ;  tangle,  entanglement. 

*Viluppone  ;//.;=  Imbroglione,  Aggiratore. 
*Vime  *«.  (fontr.  of  Vimine);  tie. 

Vfmin-e  m.  (L.,  root  wei,  to  twist, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Withy) ;  osier.  Aff.  -ata 
wicker-work. 

Vimfaeo;  wicker. 

*Vimo  m.;  stock,  lineage. 

Vinaccia  f. ;  dregs  of  grapes,  from 
which  a  kind  of  poor  wine  is  made, 
termed  Vinello. 

Vinacciano  m. ;  name  of  a  variety 
of  wine. 

Vinaccio  m. ;  pegg.  Vino. 

Vinacciblo  m. ;  grape-pip,  raisin- 
stone. 

Vina-io  m.  ;  vintner,  retail  wine- 
seller.  Aff.  -ino  dim.  vezz.,  -iuccio 
dim.  spreg. 

Vinalie  f.  pl.\  ancient  Roman  wine  festival, 
when  the  new  wine  was  drawn  off  the  fermenting 
vats. 

Vinario  ;  relating  to  wine. 

Vinato ;  wine-coloured. 

Vinatti&re  m. ;  poet,  for  Vinaio. 

Vinca  f.  (aphaeresis  of  Pervinca) ; 
(hot.)  i.  —  pervinca,  greater  periwinkle, 
Vinca  major.  2.  —  minore  medicinale, 
Vinca  minor. 

VincaieyC//.;  (bot.) yellow  willow,  v.  Salcio(^). 

Vincastro  m.  (It.  vinco);  i.  shep- 
herd's crook.  2.  (hot.)  privet,  v.  Ruvis- 
tico  (i). 

Vincere  perf.  vinsi,  part,  vinto 
(L.,  root  tveiq,  to  fight,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Victor) ;  to  conquer,  to  win.  Darle 
vinte,  to  spoil  by  indulgence,  to  give 
way  to. 

Vinch^to  m. ;  osier-bed. 

Vinchia  /  ;  (bot.)=  Pervinca,  peri- 
winkle. 

Vincibile ;  conquerable. 

Vincibosco  jn.;  (bot.)  honeysuckle,  v.  Capri- 
foglio  (i). 

Vlncido  (prob.  <  **vincidus,  <  L. 
vincire,  to  twist  up,  v.  Vincolare) ;  soft, 
flabby  from  dampness. 

Vinciglio  m.  (bit.  **  vinciculum,  < 
L.  vincire,  to  tie) ;  withy. 

Vinciperdi  m.  indecl. ;  game  where 
the  loser  of  the  game  is  winner  of  the 
stake. 

Vlncita/ ;  win,  winnings. 

Vinci-t6re  m. ;  victor.    Aff.  -tora,  -trice. 

Vinco  (akin  toVincido;  presumably 
<  a  bit.  **vincus,  perhaps  in  sense  of 
osier);  l.  =  Vincido,  flabby.  2.  green 
(wood).  3.  as  sb.,  flabbiness.  4.  =  Ve- 
trice,  osier,  t  sprain. 

Vincol-are  ind.  vincolo  ;  to  bind. 
Aff.  -o,  bond. 

Etynt.  L.  vinculuftt,<.tiie  stem  vine-  of  vincire, 
to  bind,  an  extension  of  root  viei,  to  twist  up,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Withy,  Wicker. 

Vincdne  m.;  a  flabby  dried  chestnut. 


Vindice  m. ;  avenger. 

Etynt.  L.,  <.itin-,  akin  to  Irish  fein,  clan  (as 
in  fin-gal,  slayer  of  a  relative),  +  dico  with  sub- 
stantival suffix  -s,  lit.  therefore,  according  to  Walde, 
one  who  appeals  to  the  family,  "viz.  for  assistance  or 
vengeance,  11.  Walde,  sub  Vindex.  Another  cognate 
form  is  O.H.G.  -wini,  friend;  if  this  is  the  original 
sense  in  vin-dex  the  literal  meaning  may  be  taken 
to  be  one  who  declares  in  favour  of  a  friend,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Vindicate. 

VInea/  (L.) ;  mantlet,  v.  Gatto  (5). 

*  Vinegiay; ;  a  former  name  of  Venice  (Vene/ia). 

Vinello  m.  ;  =  Acquerello,  wine  made 
from  grape-skins  and  water. 
Vin-ettino,  -6tto  ;  dims,  of -o. 
*Vingone  >«.;=Dogaia,  gutter. 

Vin-0  m.  (L.  vintim,  wine,  originally 
vine,  cp.  Gr.  oivr/,  v'me,>olvos,  wine, 
root  wei,  to  twine,  the  name  of  the 
twining  plant  being  transferred  to  the 
juice  of  its  berries,  v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910, 
.rw^Wine);  i.  wine.  2.  Mezzo — ,  i.q. 
Vinello.  3.  Levare  il  —  da'  fiaschi, 
v.  Fiasco  (8).  4.  Sette  di  — ,  a  phrase 
expressing  obstinacy ;  Gli  fecero  vedere 
il  pericolo ;  ma  lui,  sette  di  — ,  they 
showed  him  the  danger  but  he  remained 
obstinate.  Aff.  -ffero,  -ificazione. 

Vinol6n-to  ;  wine-bibber.     Aff.  -za. 

Vinolina/ ;  a  colouring-matter  used 
for  adulterating  wine. 

Vinomele  m. ;  honey  and  wine. 
Vindne  m. ;  heady  wine. 
Vin6so ;  vinous. 

Vinsanto  m.;  a  variety  of  Tuscan  wine. 

Vinto;  part.  Vincere. 

Vin-uccio,  -ucolo  ;  dims,  spreg.  of -o. 
*Vinzaglio  m. ;  =  Guinzag!io,  leash. 

Vi&l-a  /  (A)  (etym.  dub.) ;  (mus.) 
viol. 

(B)  (L.,  cogn.  Gr.  \ov  for  Fiov) ;  (tot.) 
violet  or  other  similar  flower;  also  the 
plant,  though  this  would  strictly  be 
Violo.  Species  : — i.  —  canina,  dog- 
violet,  Viola  canina.  2.  —  della  Cina, 
Chinese  pink,  v.  Garofano  (3).  3.  - 
doppia  de'  fioristi,  carnation,  Dianthus 
carophyllus  flore  plena,  also  termed 
Creponi,  Viola  garofanata  de'  Fiam- 
minghi,  Garofano  da  incartare.  4.  — 
del  pensiero,  or  —  farfallona,  heart's 
ease,  v.  Fiore  (16,  xxxiii).  5.  —  garo- 
fanato,  or  de'  giardini,  clove -pink, 
v.  Garofano  (2).  6.  —  da  lepre,  Dept- 
ford  pink,  Dianthus  armeria,  also 
termed  Violine  a  mazzetti.  7. 
mammola,  sweet-scented  violet,  Viola 
odorata,  also  termed  Mammoletta,  Vio- 
letta.  8.  —  mammola  da  fieri  doppi, 
double  violet,  Viola  odorata  flore  plena, 
f).  —  Mariana,  Canterbury  bell,  v.  Cam- 
panula (i).  10.  —  de'  pesci,  cuckoo 
flower,  v.  Billeri  (r).  II.  —  salvatica, 
Carthusian  pink,  v.  Garofano  (8).  12. 
-  matronale,  v.  Violacciocca  (5).  13. 
in  pi.,  -e  a  mazzetti,  sweet  William,  v. 
Violine  (3). 

t —  or  Vidiola,  rainbow  fish,  v.  Donzella  (2,  l>). 
Viol-abile  ;  v.  -are. 

Violaccibcca  /  (It.  viola +  ciocca); 
(bot.)  i.  —  gialla,  wallflower,  Chei- 
ranthus  cheiri,  also  termed  Fior  del 
muro,  Baston  d'  oro.  2.  —  rossa  dei 


VIOLACEO— VITE 


655 


giardini,  stocks,  gillyflower,  Matthiola 
incana.  3.  -  -  rossa  quarantina,  ten 
weeks  stock,  Matthiola  annua.  4.  - 
di  Maone,  or  marittima,  Mediterranean 
stock,  Malcomia  maritima.  5.  — 
svizzera,  sweet-scented  garden  rocket, 
Hesperis  matronalis,  also  termed  Espe- 
ride  antoniana,  Viola  matronale. 

Violaceo ;  violet-coloured. 
Violaio  Hi. ;  violet  bed. 

Viol-are  ind.  vfolo  (L.,  akin  to  vis, 
force,  cogn.  Gr.  is,  strength,  Irish  //, 
anger,  Sanskr.  vayas,  vigour,  root  wet, 
to  be  strong,  cp.  L.  vir,  man) ;  as  E. 

Aff.  - amento,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -enure  to 
do  violence  to,  -entem^nte,  -ento,  -enza. 

Viol-6tta/i ;  dim.  vezz.  of -a. 

Viol^tto ;  i.  violet-coloured.  2.  a 
kind  of  snuff. 

Viol-ina/  (dim.  vezz.  of  -a) ;  violet. 
*Dir  della  — ,  to  grumble. 

Violin-accio/<gf.,-aio  violin-maker, 
-ista;  v.  -o. 

Violine  /  pi. ;  (bot.)  i.  —  gialle 
de'  monti,  cowslip,  v .  Primavera  (2,  d). 
2.  •  -  a  mazzetti,  Deptford  pink,  v. 
Viola  (B,  6).  3.  —  di  Spagna,  sweet 
William,  Dinnthus  biirbatus, also  termed 
Viole  a  mazzetti.  4.  —  muschiate, 
musk-scented  pink,  Dianthus  plu- 
marius.  5.  —  di  padule,  willow-herb, 
v.  Epilobio. 

Violino  m.  (dim.  Viola) ;  I.  as  E. 
2.  (mar.)  — ,  or  Violone,  del  tagliamare, 
fiddle-head. 

Violista  m. ;  player  on  a  viol. 

Vi&lo  m. ;  violet  plant,  v.  Viola  (B). 

Violoncell-o  (dim.  Violone);  as  E.     Aff.  -ista. 

Viol6ne  m.  (aitgrrt.  Viola);  i.  (wits.)  double 
bass.  2.  v.  Violino  (2). 

Viorno,  Viburno  m.  (L.  viburnum);  (bot.) 
mealy  guelder-rose,  Viburnum  lantana,  also  termed 
Lentaggine. 

Vi6ttol-a  /.  (dim.  Via) ;  footpath. 
Aff.  -ina  dim.,  -o  narrow  footpath,  -one 
carriage-drive. 

Viper-ayC  (I,.,  firob.<root  ueip,  an  extension 
of  V--ei,  to  twist,  cp.  vibrare) ;  as  1C.  —  dagli 
occhiali,  cobra.  Aff.  -aio  i.  place  full  of  vipers. 
2.  viper  catcher,  -ato  fed  upon  vipers,  Vino  -ato 
wine  with  an  infusion  of  vipers,  formerly  regarded 
as  medicinal,  -ella  dim.,  -eo  adj.,  -e"tta  -ina  dims., 
-ino  adj.,  Erba  -ina  viper's  bugloss,  v.  Erba  (160). 
•Vipistrello  m.;—  Pipistrello,  bat. 

Virad6re  m.;  (mar.)  turning-gear,  consisting 
of  a  worm-shaft  and  turning-wheel. 

Vir-agine,  -ago  f.  (£,.,<  vir,  man,  -f  agere, 
to  act)  ;  as  £. 

Virare  (cogn.  Fr.  virer,  Span,  virar, 
late  L.  virare,  prob.  <a  bit.  virare,  cp. 
L.  viriae,  bracelets ;  root  wet,  to  twist, 
v.  Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Veer);  (mar.) 
i.  —  di  bordo,  to  go  about.  2.  — 
indentro  la  catena,  to  bring  part  of 
a  chain  cable  aboard  by  turning  a 
windlass  or  capstan.  3.  --  a  picco, 
to  wind  in  so  much  cable  that  the 
stem  of  the  ship  is  vertically  over  the 
anchor. 

Virata  /  ;  (mar.)  —  di  nave,  space 
necessary  for  a  ship  at  anchor  to  swing 
in  a  tideway. 

Viratdre  m. ;  (mar.)  —  di  catena, 
chain  messenger. 


Virgapast6ris  m. ;  (bot.)  wild  fullers'  teasel, 
v.  Cardo  (i,  e). 

Virginale  or  Virgfneo  ;  i.q.  Verginalc. 

Virginia,  as  sb.  m. ;  Virginia  cigar. 

Virgol-a  /  (L.,  dim.  of  virga,  rod, 
v.  Verga) ;  comma.  Aff.  -are,  -atura, 
-eggiare,  -ettare. 

VirgoMtte///. ;  quotation  marks. 

Virgulto  m.  (L.,  contr.  of  virgu- 
letum,  dim.  of  virgula,  v.  Virgola) ; 
young  shoot. 

Viril-c  (L.,  v.  Skeat,  sub  vac.);  as  E.  Aff. 
-ita,  -mente. 

•Virione  w.;=Cuculo,  cuckoo. 

Viripotente ;  of  marriageable  age. 

Virola/!;  (watchni.)  bearing-piece,  piece  which 
supports  other  parts. 

Virtemberga  f. ;  (geogr.)  Wiirtem- 
berg. 

Virtil  f.  (L., <vir,  man);  i.  virtue. 
2.  power.  3.  one  of  the  Orders  of  the 
angelic  hierarchy,  v.  Trono  (A). 

*Di  fuor  — ,  cognisance  of  outward  things,  D. 
Purg.  31.  91,  lit.  power  over  outward  things. 

Virtual-e;  as  E.  Aff.  -ita  potentiality, 
•me'nte. 

Virtu<5s-o;  i.  as  E.  2.  strong,  com- 
petent, in  scientific  or  professional 
matters.  3.  as  sb.,  artist,  singer.  Aff. 
-amente. 

Virulen-to,  -za;  as  E.  (L.,<vints,  cp.  Gr. 
16s,  for  r~«r6s,  Sanskr.  visam,  Irish  jfi,  all  meaning 
poison  ;  also  akin  to  L.  vi-esco,  to  shrivel,  Welsh 
griy,  liquid,  gwyar,  blood,  E.  wiz-en  ;  root  lueis,  v. 
Skeat,  ed.  1910,  sub  Virulent,  Wizen  ;  the  original 
notion  seems  to  be  that  of  shrinking  and  turning 
semiliquid,  as  some  things  do  when  going  bad.) 

Vis-accio  ;«.;  pegg.  of -o.     *-aggio  ;«.;  =  -o. 
*  Visaglia  f. ;  =  Avvisaglia,  skirmish. 

Visare  (Fr.  viser);  to  provide  for, 
see  to. 

Visavl  (Fr.  vis-a-vis) :  opposite. 

Viscaccia  _/! ;  viscacha,  a  species  of  rodent 
akin  to  the  chinchilla,  Lagostomus  trichodactylus. 

Viscer-e  m.,  with  pi.  f.  viscere,  or  in.  visceri 
(I.,  -'iscits,  any  internal  organ  of  the  body,  but  prob. 
primarily  the  intestine,  <root  ivei,  to  twist)  ;  i.  (anat.) 
viscus.  2.  fig.  in  //.,  bowels,  e.g.  of  compassion, 
guts  of  an  argument.  Aff.  -ale. 

Vischio,  Visco  (Vesco)  m. ;  i.  (bot.) 
(a)  mistletoe,  Viscum  album,  also  termed 
Pania.  (6)  —  quercino,  a  species  of 
Loranthus.  2.  =  Pania,  birdlime. 

Etym.  L.  viscum,  mistletoe,  or  birdlime,  akin 
to  Gr.  ifos,  for  ftfos,  with  the  same  meaning,  and 
perhaps  to  L.  virus,  v.  Virulento. 

Vischidso ;  =  Viscose,  sticky. 

Viscid-o  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ezza,  -ita,  -ume. 

Vfsciol-ayC;  i.  wild  cherry,  v.  -o. 
2.  Cannes  marble. 

Visciolato  m. ;  a  kind  of  liqueur 
prepared  from  wild  cherries,  kirsch- 
wasser. 

Visciolo  tn. ;  (bot.)  wild  cherry  tree,  Cerasus 
avium,  also  termed  Bisciolo. 

Etym.  Cogit.  old  Fr.  guisne  (>  Fr.  guigne), 
Span,  g itindo,  <O.H.G.  vthsfla,  wild  cherry,  akin 
to  Lith.  vyzna. 

Visco ;  v.  Vischio. 

Visc6nt-e  m.  (L.  vicecomes,  r.  Conte);  vis- 
count. Aff.  -ado  of  -ea,  rank  etc.  of  a  viscount. 

Viscontdo;  of  the  Visconti  family. 

Visconte'ssa/!;  viscountess. 

Visc6s-o  (It.  visco);  viscous.     Aff.  -ita. 

Visd6min-e,  -o  m. ;  =  Vicedomino. 

Vis-ettino  sub-dim.,  -6tto  dim.,  of -o,  face. 

Visibil-e  ;  as  E.    Aff.  -ita,  •me'nte. 

Visibilio  m. ;  great  quantity,  pro- 
fusion. Andare  in  — ,  to  go  into 
ecstasies,  a  phrase  altered  fr'-.m  the 


expression    in    the    Creed    visibilium 
omnium  et  invisibilium. 

Visi&ra  /  (It.  viso)  ;  i.  visor. 
2.  fencing-mask.  3.  =  *Buffa,  head- 
gear. 

Visino  in. ;  dim.  vezz.  Viso. 

Vision-arip,  -e;  as  E. 

Visir,  Visir-e  ;«.  (Arabic  wazir,  councillor, 
(trig,  porter,  one  who  bears  the  burden  of  state 
affairs,  <uiazara,  to  bear  a  burden);  vizier.  Aff. 
-nto  viziership. 

Visit-a/;  as  E.  Aff.  -amento,  -are,  -atdra, 
-atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -ina  dim.,  -uccia  dim.  spreg. 

Visivo  ;  relating  to  sight.     *  visible. 

Vis-o  ttt.  (L.  visits,  otig.  part,  of  video,  11. 
Vedere) ;  face.  *  =  Visione,  sight,  look,  D.  Par. 
24.  41.  Aff.  -5rio. 

Visone  tn. ;  mink,  Vison. 

Visp-6tto,  -ino  ;  dims,  of -o. 
*  Vispistrello  /«.;  =  Pipistrello.  bat. 

Vispo  (prob.  a  var.  of  Visto,  q.v.) ; 
brisk. 

Vista  f.  (bit.  **vidila,  <  L.  video, 
v.  Vedere);  i.  sight,  the  sense  of  sight, 
power  of  sight,  D.  Par.  30.  58.  2.  view, 
prospect.  3.  appearance,  show ;  Far 
—  di,  to  make  a  pretence  of.  4.  A  — , 
by  sight. 

*i.  =  Occhiata,  look.  ii.  aperture,  as  that  of  a 
window,  1).  Purg.  10.  67,  or  of  a  tomb,  D.  Inf. 
10.  52,  meaning  any  opening  through  which  it  is 
possible  to  look.  Similarly  at  Par.  30.  9  the  meaning 
is  "  star,"  considered  as  a  window  into  Heaven. 

Visto ;  part.  Vedere.   *  smart,  ready. 

Etym.  The  forms  Veduto,  Visto,  which  are 
alternative  passive  parts,  of  Vedere,  show  that  there 
was  a  bit.  part.  **viditus  of  L.  videre,  the  passive 
part,  of  which  in  classical  L.  is  visits.  Visto  as  adj. 
is  cognate  to  Proveng.  vistz  and  old  Fr.  vista,  >  Fr. 
vite.  Hatzfeld  and  Darmstetter  regard  the  origin 
of  these  words  ns  unknown,  but  derivation  from 
**viditus  seems  reasonable  enough  and  is  accepted 
by  Littre  and  favoured  by  Diez.  The  transition  of 
meaning  is  illustrated  by  Fr.  tot,  v.  Tosto.  Or  Visto 
may  be  for  **Avvisto,  =  Avveduto,  wary,  ready, 
which  could  easily  pass  into  meaning  "smart." 
The  modern  word  for  "smart"  is  Vispo,  which  is 
probably  a  variant  of  Visto,  the  change  of  t  into  p 
being  due  to  the  influence  of  Vespa,  Vipistrello, 
wasps  and  bats  being  lively  creatures. 

Vist<5s-o;  pretty,  but  often  in  bad 
sense,  showy.  Aff.  -ame"nte,  -e'tto  -ino 
dims.,  -ita. 

Visuale ;  as  E. 

Vis-ucciaccio  dim.  sprgg.,  -uccio  dim.,  of -o. 

Vita/  (L.,  for  **vivita,  <the  stem 
of  vivo,  I  live,  v.  Vivere) ;  i.  life. 
2.  sustenance  necessary  to  life ;  La  — 
e  cara,  living  is  dear.  3.  waist,  either 
of  the  body  or  of  a  dress.  4.  body  of 
a  woman's  dress.  5.  A  mezza  — ,  in 
the  middle  of  the  body. 

*soul,  D.  Par.  12.  137. 
Vitabil-e  ;  (mid.)  viable.     Aff.  -ita. 
Vitacciay!;  pegg.  Vita. 

Vitalba/  (L.  vitis,  alba,  lit.  white 
vine,  from  the  colour  of  the  flowers  or 
seeds) ;  (hot.)  traveller's  joy,  Clematis 
vitalba. 

Vitalbaio  m.;  thicket  of  clematis. 
Vital-c,  -ita ;  as  E. 

Vitaliziare ;  to  turn  into  a  life 
annuity. 

Vitallzio;  i.  for  life.  2.  as  sb.,  life 
annuity. 

Vitalminte ;  vitally. 

Vit-ame  w. ;  lot  of  vines,  -ato;  planted  with 
vines. 

Vite  /  (L.  vitis,  root  wet,  to  twist, 
cp.  Gr.  tYt'a,  willow,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Withy) ; 
i.  (hot.)  vine.  2.  —  maritata,  vine  trained 


656 


VITELLAIA— VOI 


upon  a  tree.  3.  —  del  Canada,  Virginia 
creeper,  Ampelopsis  hederacea.  4.  — 
di  Giudea,  woody  nightshade,  v.  Dulca- 
mara (i).  5.  —  del  Monte  Ida,  or  — 
d'  oro,  red  bilberry,  Vaccinium  vitis 
Idaea.  6.  —  salvatica  di  America,  Ame- 
rican wild  vine,  Vitis  labrusca.  7.  Acqua 
— ,  =  Acquavite,  brandy.  8.  (from  the 
resemblance  of  a  screw  to  the  tendrils 
of  a  vine)  screw.  9.  vice.  10.  spirally 
twisted  church  candle. 

tVitellaia/;  udder. 
Vitellaio  m. ;  dealer  in  calf-skins. 
Vitellame  m. ;  quantity  of  calves. 
Vitell-etto;«.;  dim.  of-o. 
Vitellinayi;  membrane  enveloping  the  yolk  of 

Vitellfno  m.;  (A)  dim.  of  Vitello.  *(B);  as 
adj.,  yellow  like  yolk  of  egg,  v.  Vitello  (B). 

Vitello  m.  (A)  (L.  vitellus,  dim.  of 
vitulus,  calf,  ///.  yearling,  akin  to  vetus, 
v.  supra,  Vecchiaia  etym.,  and  Skeat, 
sub  Veal);  I.  calf.  2.  —  marino,  seal. 
3.  hide  of  a  calf. 

*(B)  (L.  v  Helium)  ;  yolk  of  an  egg. 

ViterellayC;  dim.  Vite,  screw. 

Vitettina^/;  dint.  iron,  of  Vita,  waist. 

Viticchio  w.;  =  Vilucchio,  convolvulus. 

Viticciato  ;  (601.)  terminating  in  a  tendril. 

Vitfccio    m.    (dim.    Vite,   (sere wife 

1.  tendril.    2.  (arch.)  scroll.     3.  sconce 
for  holding  candles. 

Vitice  m.  (L.  vitex,  akin  to  vitis)  ;  (bat.)  chaste 
tree,  v.  Agnocasto. 

Viticella  /.  ;  (but.)  a  species  of  clematis, 
Clematis  viticella. 

Viticini  m.  pi. ;  (hot.)  lady's  tresses,  Neottia. 

Vitf-colo ;  vine-growing.  AJf.  -col- 
tore,  -coltura,  -fero. 

Vitiffora^;  (ornith.)=  Massaiola,  warbler. 

Vitigno  m.  (L.  -vitigineus,  <  vitis, 
vine,  -\-gen-,  stem  oigigno,  to  produce) ; 
vine-stock. 

Vitlna  /  ;     i.     dim.    Vita,    waist. 

2.  bodice  ;    Andare   in  — ,  to   go  out 
without  any  shawl,  in  indoor  dress. 

Vitin-0  m. ;  dim.  Vita,  waist  (smaller 
than  -a). 

Vito ;  Ballo  di  San  —  ,  St  Vitus's  dance,  chorea. 
Vitona./;  auqm.  Vita,  waist. 
Vit6ne  in.;  augm.  Vite,  screw,  screw-bolt. 
*Vitorzolo  ;«.;=Bitorzo!o,  pimple. 
Vitreo  (L.,  <.vitmttti>  glass)  ;  as  E. 

Vitriol-are  ind.  vitriolo  ;  to  spray 
with  copper  sulphate,  v.  Vetriolo. 

*Vittay;  (L.,  akin  to  z'ieo,  root  wei,  to  twist); 
fillet. 

Vittemberga ;  (geogr.)  Wittenberg, 
in  Germany. 

Vfttima/  (L.  victima,  lit.  devoted, 
akin  to  Gothic  -weihan,  to  devote,  O.  H.G. 
7f^,>Germ.  -weihen,  to  devote) ;  victim. 

Vittimario  m.\  sacrificial  slaugh- 
terer. 

Vitto  m.  (L.  victus,  akin  to  vivo,  to 
live,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Victual) ;  food,  diet. 

Vittorella  f. ;  (bot.)  a  species  of  JRuscus,  v. 
Lauro  (4). 

Vittdri-ay;  (L.,  v.  Vincere);  i.  victory.  2.  vic- 
toria. Aff.  -osamente,  -oso. 

Vittorugheggi-are ;  to  imitate  Victor  Hugo. 
Aff.  -ano. 

Vittrice ;  conquering. 
*  Vittuaria  f.  ;  =  Vettovaglia,  victuals. 
•Vitulo>».  (L.);  calf. 

Vituper-are  ind.  vitupero  (L.,  lit.  to  find  a 
blemish,  <!>//«-,  base  of  vitium,  v.  Vizzo, -f  parare, 
to  prepare)  ;  as  E. 

Aff.  -abile,  -ando,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azi6ne, 
-evole,  -evolmente. 


Vitupe'r-io,  Vitupero  »/. ;  i.  vitupe- 
ration. 2.  reproach,  disgrace.  Aff. 
-osame'nte,  -6so. 

Vi-uccia,  -uzza,  -uzzo,  -uzzola,  -uzzolo, 
-uzzolina,  -uzzolino ;  dims,  of  Via. 

Viva  (L.  vivtii);  excl.  of  applause. 

Vivacchiare  (dim.  Vivcre) ;  to  get  along 
somehow. 

Vivac-e  ;  vivacious.    Aff.  -emente,  -ita. 

Vivagno  m.  (etym.  unkn.) ;  selvage. 
*rim,  D.  Inf.  14.  123. 

Vivaio  m.  (L.  vivarium);  i.  tank. 
2.  well  of  a  fishing-boat.  3.  nursery 
for  young  trees.  4.  space  reserved 
round  a  coffin,  prior  to  the  funeral. 

Vivame'nte;  i.  briskly.  2.  deeply, 
to  the  quick. 

Vivanda  (Viyanna)  /  (L.  vivenda, 
cp.  Fr.  viande) ;  dish,  or  portion,  of  food ; 
in  pi.  viands. 

Vivandier-e  m.,  -a/ ;  sutler,  camp- 
follower. 

Vivere  perf.  vissi,  part,  vissuto 
(L.,  root  gwci,  to  live,  cp.  Gr.  {<ifiv, 
ff}i/,  to  live,  Zend  ji,  to  live,  -v.  Skeat, 
sub  Victuals,  Quick) ;  i.  to  live.  2.  as 
sb.,  usu.  in//.,  victuals. 

Viverra  /  (L.,  borrowed  from  the 
Slavonic  languages,  where  it  means 
"squirrel") ;  the  ferret  genus  of  animals. 

Viv-etto  dim.,  -ezza  sb.,  of  Vivo. 

Vivicomburio  m. ;  death  by  burning  alive. 

Vivido  ;  =  Vivace,  Vigoroso,  fresh,  bright. 

Vivific-are  ind.  vivifico  -hi ;  to  vivify.  Aff. 
-amento,  -ativo,  -atore,  -atrice,  -azione,  -o. 

Viviparo  (L.,  <  vivus,  parere,  to  produce)  ; 
as  E. 

*  Viviscere  ;  to  revive. 

Vivisezidne  f.  (L.,<vivus,  secure,  to  cut); 
as  E. 

Viv-0  (L.,  v.  Vivere) ;  i.  alive. 
2.  lively.  3.  clear  (voice),  bright  (eyes). 
4.  vivid.  5.  (mar.)  Opera  -a,  v.  Opera 
(6,  b) ;  Stima  -a,  it.  Stima  (i).  6.  Argento 
— ,  quicksilver.  7.  (arch.)  as  sb.,  shaft  of 
a  column.  8.  Toccar  nel  — ,  to  touch 
on  the  quick,  to  sting.  9.  Acqua  -a, 
spring  water.  10.  Calcina  -a,  quicklime. 
II.  Per  -a  forza,  by  main  force.  12.  Da 
a  —  in  — ,  (measurement  taken)  in  the 
clear,  inside.  13.  —  della  bocca,  thick- 
ness of  metal  at  the  muzzle  of  a  gun. 
•effective  (troops). 

*Vivola,  *Vivuola/7;  i.  violet,     ii.  viol. 

Vivoley!  //. ;  (vet.)  vives,  swollen  glands  under 
the  ear.  *Venir  le  — ,  or  le  vidole,  to  get  angry. 

Etym.  Cogn.  old  Fr.  vives,  Fr.  wives,  Span. 
abivas,  adivas,  <  Arabic  tiddhiba,  <  al,  the,  dkiba, 
she-wolf. 

*Viv-ore?«.;  strength.     *-orio;//.;  ivory. 
Vivucchiare  ;  to  make  a  poor  living. 
Vizi-accio  m.;  pcgg.  of-o. 

Vizi-are  ind.  vi'zio ;  i.  to  spoil.  2.  to 
vitiate.  *to  deflower.  Aff.  -atame'nte, 
-atello  -ati'no  dims,  of  -ato. 

Vizi-ato  (A) ;  part.  -are.  (B) ;  i.q. 
Vitigno. 

Vizi-atura_/I;  v.  -are. 

Vizi-o  m.  (L.  vitium,  prob.<root 
•wei,  to  twist,  v.  Vezzo  etym.);  I.  vice. 
2.  bad  habit.  Aff.  -osaccio  pegg.  of 
-oso,  -osita,  -oso,  -uccio  dim. 

*Vizzato  m.;  =  Viziato  (A). 

Vizzo  (bit.  **vietius,  comparative 
of  L.  vietus,  v.  Vieto) ;  faded,  withered, 
flabby. 

*easy,  as  we  say  a  soft  job,  D.  Purg.  25.  27. 


Vocabolo  m.  ;  word,  term.  A  rigor  di  — , 
strictly  speaking.  *name;  Dove  il  vocabol  suo 
diventa  vano,  where  its  name  ceases,  i.e.  where  it, 
the  Archinno,  falls  into  the  Arno,  D.  Purg.  5.  97. 

Vocabulari-o    m.    (L.,  <  vocare,    v.    Voce) ; 

1.  dictionary,    z.  vocabulary.    Aff.  -etto  -no  dims., 
-sta. 

Vocale  ;  i.  vocal.    2.  as  j^. ,  vowel. 
Vocalizz-are ;     i.     to    supply    with    vowels. 

2.  (mils.)  to  practise  singing  by  vowels  only.     Aff. 
-azione. 

Vocalizzo  »t.\  i.q.  Vocalizzazione. 
Vocalmente  ;   aloud.     Intendersi  — ,  to  come 
to  an  understanding  by  talking  the  matter  over. 
Voc-ativo,  -azione ;  as  E. 

V6c-e  f.  (L.,  root  weq,  to  speak, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Vocal) ;  i.  yoice.  2.  word, 
term.  3.  vote.  4.  sentence.  5.  (com.) 
item.  6.  fig.  report,  reputation.  7.  A 
— ,  or  A  viva  — ,  by  word  of  mouth. 
8.  Ad  alta  — ,  aloud.  9.  Ad  una  — , 
unanimously.  10.  Sotto — ,  in  an  under- 
tone, ii.  —  attiva,  right  to  vote  ;  — 
passiva,  qualification  for  being  elected. 
12.  Aver  —  in  capitolo,  to  have  a  voice 
in  the  matter.  13.  Dare  sulla  — ,  to 
contradict.  14.  Esser  tutto  —  e  penne, 
to  be  noisy  and  fidgety.  15.  —  bianca, 
v.  Bianco  (23).  Aff.  -erella  -erelh'na 
-dtta  dims.,  -iaccia  pegg. 

Voci-are  ind.  v6cio ;  to  bawl.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Vocifer-are,  -azi6ne  ;  as  E. 

Voc-ina  -{no  dims,  (-ino  the  smaller),  -olina 
dim.  Tezz.,  -6na  -6ne  auxins.,  -ionaccio  -ionac- 
cia  ai/grns.  pegg.,   -iuccia  dim.  spreg.,  -iucola 
dim.  spree,  pegg.,  of  -e. 
*  Vocolo  ;  =  Avocolo,  blind. 

V6g-a  f. ;  i.  vbsb.  of  -are,  rowing. 
2.  vogue,  fashion.  3.  In  —  di,  =  In 
vena  di,  in  the  vein  for.  4.  Prender  — 
per,  to  take  up  vigorously. 

Vog-are  ind.  vogo,  voghi ;  i.  to  row. 
2.  by  ext.,  to  move  along  the  water 
without  rowing.  3.  —  di  coda,  to  scull; 
—  di  punta,  di  spalla,  to  row  without  or 
with  another  oarsman  on  the  same  seat. 
4.  fig.  to  be  going  well.  Aff.  -ata  row- 
ing, -at6re,  -atura  style  of  rowing. 

Etym.  Cogtt.  Fr.  voguer,  Provenc.  and  Span. 
vogar,  of  Germanic  origin,  root'rwA,  to  move  with  a 
swaying  motion,  cp,  Gothic  nuagjan,  to  rock,  O.H.G. 
•weggen  (>  Germ,  beivegen,  to  move),  ^tlag,  wave 
(>  Germ,  ti'ogc),  Fr.  vague,  wave,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
Vogue,  Wag.  More  remotely  akin  to  the  stock  of 
the  root  utegk,  to  move. 

*Vogavanti  m. ;  the  oarsman  in  a  galley  who 
held  the  end  of  the  oar,  termed  Giglione,  and 
governed  the  movements  of  the  other  rowers  be- 


longing to  his  oar. 

*  Voggolo  w.;=Involto,  bundle. 


ogg< 

Voghe'si,  Voge'si ;  (geogr.)  the 
Vosges. 

V6gli-a  /  (bit.  **volia,  <  L.  volo, 
to  wish);  i.  wish.  2.  will,  intention. 
3.  birth-mark,  naevus,  so  called  be- 
cause formerly  believed  to  be  due  to 
some  strong  wish  in  the  mother  during 
pregnancy.  4.  Aver  la  —  dell'  acqua, 
of  a  fidgety  child,  //'/.  to  have  a  will  like 
water,  constantly  changing.  5.  Attac- 
care  la  —  all'  arpione,  to  hang  up  one's 
wish  on  a  peg,  i.e.  give  up  trying  to  get 
it.  Similarly,  Sputar  la  — ,  to  spit  out 
one's  wish,  i.e.  be  compelled  to  abandon 
it.  6.  Di  — ,  willingly;  Contro  — ,  or 
Di  mala  — ,  unwillingly. 

Aff.  -accia ^pegg.,  -erella  -itta  -olina  dims., 
-oloso  full  of  trivial  wishes,  -osello  -osetto  dims,  of 
-oso.  -osita  habit  of  having  foolish  wishes,  -oso 
desirous,  -uzza  dim.  spreg.  iron. 

Vdi  (L.  vos);  you.    —  altri,  you  folk. 


VOIA— VOLTIANO 


657 


•Voiay:;  =  Voglia,  wish. 

*  Voito  ;  =  Voto,  empty. 

*Volagio  (L.  volaticits)  ;=  Volubile,  inconstant. 

Volanda/:;  i.  toothed  wheel  which 
moves  the  pestle  in  a  powder-mill. 
2.  =Volante,  fly-wheel.  3.  regulator  of 
a  machine.  4.  dust  of  a  flour-mill. 

Volandola/ ;  =  Volanda  (4).  *  =  Vo- 
landolino. 

*Volandolino  m.;  inconstant,  flighty  person. 

Vola.no  >».;  i.  shuttlecock.  2.  fly- 
wheel. 

Volante  m. ;  i.  =  Volano  (2).  2. 
(mar.)  in  pi.,  top-sails. 

Volantfno  m. ;  tame  pigeon  used  as 
a  decoy. 

Vol-are  ind.  v61o  (L.);  i.  to  fly. 
2.  at  Pallone,  to  drive  the  ball  out  of 
bounds.  3.  Foglio  -ante,  fly-sheet. 

Volat-a/;  i.  flight.  2.  Esser  a -e, 
to  be  flighty.  3.  (artil.)  chase  of  a 
gun,  from  the  trunnions  to  the  muzzle. 
4.  Tirare  di  — ,  to  give  the  gun  high 
elevation.  5.  gib,  the  projecting  arm 
of  a  crane. 

Vplatica  /  (L.  volaticus,  prob. 
referring  to  the  infectiveness  of  an 
eruption);  (pop.  med.)  rash,  eruption. 

Volatil-e;  i.  able  to  fly.  2.  (chem.)  as  E. 
Aff.  -ita,  -izzare. 

Volat-inay:;  dim.  of -a. 

Vol-at6re  m.  ;  i.  flyer.  2.  flying- 
fish.  3.  (mil.  hist.)  light-armed  soldier. 
Ajf,  -at6rio,  -atrice. 

*  Volazzo  »«.  ;=  Svolazzo. 

Volcameria^:;  (bat.)  a  white  flowering  shrub, 
also  termed  Vulcameria. 

tVolegay^;  =  Gangamo,  landing-net. 

Volentieri  (L.  voluntari-e,  adv.  of 
-us,  <  nolens,  part,  of  volo,  v.  Volere  ; 
cp.  Fr.  volontiers) ;  willingly. 

Volentier<5s-o,  Volonter6s-o  ;  will- 
ing. Aff.  -ame'nte. 

Volere  ind.  vbglio  vuoli  vuole 
vogliamo  vole"te  vfrgliono,  the  first  two 
often  contracted  into  vo'  vuoi,  perf. 
v611i  or  pop.  volsi  vole'sti  voile  voldmmo 
voldste  vollero,  fut.  vorro  vorrai  vorra 
vorrdmo  vorre'te  vorranno,  subj.  v6glia 
v6glia  v&glia  vogliamo  vogliate  v6- 
gliano,  cond.  vorrei  vorresti  vorrebbe 
vorr-emmo  -este  -ebbero,  imperat. 
vogli  vogliate,  parts,  volente  volendo 
voluto  t  volsuto  (bit.  **volere,  =  L.  velle ; 
the  uncontracted  form  does  not  occur 
in  extant  Latin ;  root  ivel,  to  choose, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Will) ;  i.  to  wish,  to  want. 
2.  to  require.  3.  —  bene,  to  like,  to  love ; 
-  male,  to  hate.  4.  Saper  — ,  to  be 
tenacious.  5.  —  dire,  to  mean.  6.  — 
o  no,  whether  you  like  it  or  not. 
7.  Volerci,  to  be  wanted ;  Quanto  ce 
ne  vuole  di  questa  roba  ?  how  much  of 
this  is  wanted?  Per  persuader  lui  ce 
ne  vuole,  it  takes  a  great  deal  to  per- 
suade him.  8.  to  insist ;  Vogliono  che 
ne  sia  1'  autore,  he  is  alleged  to  be  the 
author  of  it.  9.  Volerla  con  uno,  to 
compete  with  him.  10.  Non  volercene 
con  alcuno,  to  refuse  to  have  anything 
to  do  with  him.  n.  Non  vuol  dire, 
it  does  not  matter.  12.  Voglio  che  sia 

H. 


bello,  ma  1'  ha  pagato  troppo,  I  grant 
its  beauty  but  he  has  given  too  much 
for  it.  13.  as  auxiliary  verb,  Vuole 
morire,  he  is  at  the  point  of  death. 

KF*  Volere  takes  either  Avere  or 
Essere  as  its  auxiliary  according  to 
circumstances,  see  the  note  under 
Dovere. 

Volettino,  Voletto  ;  dims,  of  Volo,  flight. 
*  Volevole  ;  able  to  fly. 

Volgar-e  (L.,  v.  Volgo) ;  vulgar, 
popular.  Aff.  -ismo,  -ita,  -izzame'nto, 
-izzare  to  translate  (Latin  or  Greek 
authors),  -izzazidne,  -me'nte. 

Volgata  / ;  the  Vulgate. 
Volgato  ;  =  Divulgato,  divulged. 

V61g-ere  ind.  volgo,  perf.  v61si, 
parts,  volgente  volto  (cogn.  Proveng. 
volvre,  Span,  volver,  <  L.  ^>olvere,  root 
ivelw,  to  roll,  cp.  Gr.  d\v<a,  to  enfold, 
O.H.G.  wella=Germ.  Welle,  billow, 
A.S.  wella,  a  well  or  spring,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Voluble) ;  i.  to  turn.  2.  to  en- 
wrap. 3.  Mese,  Anno  -ente,  current 
month  or  year.  Aff.  -(bile,  -ime'nto. 

•Volgitoio  m.;  wrapper,  holder. 

V61go  m.  (L.  vulgus,  akin  to  Sanskr.  Vargas, 
troop,  old  Irish  folc,  abundance,  Welsh  gwa/a, 
fulness,  Breton  gwalch,  repetition) ;  common  people. 

V61golo  m. ;  bundle. 

Vol-icchiare,  -itare  (freqs.  of  -are) ; 
to  flutter. 

Vol-itivo;  relating  to  the  will.  Aff. 
-izi6ne. 

*  Vollere  ;  =  Voigere,  to  turn. 

V61o  m.  (vbsb.  of  Volare) ;  i.  flight. 
2.  A  — ,  or  Di  — ,  with  great  speed  ; 
Capire  a  — ,  to  understand  at  once  ; 
Toccare  a  — ,  to  touch  upon  lightly, 
speak  of  in  passing.  3.  Tirare  a  — , 
to  shoot  (a  bird)  on  the  wing.  4.  (Uc- 
cello)  di  primo  — ,  just  fledged.  5.  A  vol 
d'uccello,  bird's  eye  (view).  6.  (herald.} 
a  pair  of  wings  conjoined ;  —  abbassato, 
with  the  tips  turned  downwards  ;  - 
spiegato,  with  tips  upwards. 

Volonta/  (L.  voluntas,  v.  Volere); 
i.  will.  2.  Portare  il  fucile  a  — ,  to 
carry  the  rifle  at  ease.  3.  Di  — ,  will- 
ingly. 

Volontari-o;  i.  voluntary.  2.  volun- 
teer. Aff.  -am6nte,  -ato  military  service 
performed  without  legal  compulsion. 

Volonterdso ;  willing,  eager. 

V61p-e  /  (L.  vulpes) ;  I.  fox,  Cam's 
vulpes.  2.  mange.  3.  — ,  or  Golpe, 
blight,  in  wheat.  Aff.  -acchibtto  dim., 
-accia  pegg.,  -aia  fox's  den,  -are  to  hunt 
foxes,  -eggiare  to  be  cunning,  -etta  -icella 
-icina  dims.,  -inamente,  -ino  adj. 

tVolpinayC;  grey  mullet,  v.  Muggine  (3). 

Volpoca,    Volpoga  f.  ;    (ornith.)    sheldrake, 
Tadorna  cornuta,  also  termed  Tadorna. 
V61pola  / ;  =  Cimiciattola. 
Volp6n-e  m.,  -&/.;  augin.  Volpe.    Aff.  -accio 
P'gg' 

Volpdso  ;  v.  Volpe  (3). 
t  Volsuto;  dial.  fart,  of  Volere. 

V61t-a/  ( 1 1.  volto,  part,  of  Volgere) ; 
i.  turn,  turning.  2.  Dar  — ,  (a)  to  turn 
round,  (b)  of  wine,  to  turn  sour,  (c)  of 
the  sun  or  moon,  to  be  near  setting, 


(<i)  of  the  moon,  to  be  past  the  full. 
3.  Dar  la  — ,  (a)  to  upset,  (6)  of  the 
brain,  to  give  way.  4.  Menare  in  — , 
=  Condurre  in  torno,  in  giro,  to  spin  out 
a  discussion,  to  shilly-shally.  5.  Alia 

—  di,  in   the   direction   of.     6.    vault, 
dome  ;  —  reale,  brick  dome.     7.  turn, 
alternation  ;     La    mia    — ,    my    turn. 
8.  time  ;    Un'  altra  — ,  or  Ancora  una 
— ,  again ;  Questa  — ,  this  time  ;  Dieci 
-e  tanto,  ten  times  as  much ;  —  per  — , 

or  simply ,  every  time ;  In  una  — , 

at  the  same  time  ;    Molte,  Spesse  -e, 
often  ;  Rare,  Poche  -e,  seldom ;  Alle  -e, 
or  A  -e,  sometimes  ;  Uno  per  — ,  one 
at  a  time.    9.  (print.*)  back  of  the  sheet 
to  be  printed  ;  Tirar  la  — ,  to  make  the 
back  imprint.     10.  volt,  (a)  in  fencing, 
spring  to  one  side,  (6)  unit  of  electrical 
pressure,  (c)  a  gait  of  two  treads  made 
by  a   horse  going   sideways   round  a 
centre.     11.    Fare  le  -e   del   leone,  to 
walk  up  and  down  waiting.     12.  Prov. 
Meglio  —  che  stravolta,  i.e.  it  is  better 
to  alter  one's  plans  than  fail. 

Marine  expressions:  13.  Levar  —  alle  vele, 
=  Mollar  le  vele,  to  unfurl  the  sails.  14.  hitch; 

—  di  bitta,  turn  round  a  bitt.     15.   kink  in  a  rope. 
16.  —  di  poppa,  buttock,  counter  of  a  ship's  stern. 

Volt-abile ;  v.  -are. 

Voltacarro  m. ;  turning-plate  on  a 
railway. 

Voltafaccia/;  =  Fr.  volte-face,  sud- 
den turn  round. 

Volt-aico  ;  as  E.  (From  the  name  of  Volta, 
an  Italian  scientist,  1745—1827.) 

Voltamaschi  m.  indecl.;  tap- wrench. 

Voltametro  m. ;  voltmeter. 

Voltare  ind.  v61to  (L.  volutare, 
inlens.  of  volvere,  v.  Volgere) ;  i.  to 
turn,  turn  round.  2.  to  change  (clothes, 
opinions).  3.  Prov.  —  largo  a'  canti, 
lit.  allow  plenty  of  room  when  turning 
corners,  i.e.  act  with  caution  in  diffi- 
culties. 4.  (com.)  to  carry  to  another 
account,  to  transfer.  5.  —  carta,  to 
turn  the  paper  over.  6.  -  -  faccia, 
bandiera,  to  change  one's  opinions, 
one's  flag.  7.  Voltati  in  la,  as  adv., 
instantly  (lit.  as  quick  as  you  can  turn 
round),  "before  you  can  say  Jack 
Robinson."  Similarly,  In  un  —  d'  oc- 
chio,  in  a  flash,  very  quickly.  8.  to 
vault,  make  a  domed  roof. 

*  to  roll,  D.  Inf.  7.  27. 

Voltastbmaco  m. ;  nauseating  thing. 

Vpltdt-a  f.  ;  turning,  change  of 
direction.  In  una  —  d'  occhi,  instantly. 
Aff.  -accia pegg.,  -ina  dim. 

*Voltatoio  m. ;=Pozzanghera,  puddle. 

Volteggi-are  ind.  volte~ggio  (freq. 
of  Voltare) ;  i.  to  twist  about.  2.  of  a 
flag,  to  flutter.  3.  to  perform  feats  of 
horsemanship.  Aff.  -ame"nto,  -at6re,  -o. 

Volt^r  m.  indecl. ;  antimacassar. 
Volterianismo  m. ;  Voltairianism. 

Volterra,  the  city.  Andare  a  — , 
to  go  to  prison. 

Volterrana/ ;  brick  vault. 
Volterriano ;  of  Voltaire. 
Voltiano;  of  Volta. 

83 


658 


VOLTICELLA— Y 


Volt-icella,  -icina;  dims,  of -a,  vault. 

Voltigli61-e///.;  (mar.)  rails  of  the 
head,  -a  superiore,  berthing  rail,  -a 
inferiore,  main  rail. 

V61to  >u .  (L.  vultus) ;  countenance. 
Vblto ;  part,  of  Volgere. 

Volt6io  ;«. ;  i.  =  Avvoltoio,  vulture. 

2.  the  lower  part  of  the  bit  where  the 
reins  are  attached.     3.    attachment  of 
the  support,  the  arm  of  a  balance. 

Voltol-are  ind.  voltolo  (bit.  **vol- 
tulare,  <  L.  vollus,  part,  of  volvere) ; 
i.  =  Svoltolare,  to  roll  about.  2.  to 
wallow.  Aff.  -amento,  -azione,  -oni 
adv. 

Volt6ne  m. ;  augm.  Volta,  vault. 

Voltura  /  ;  i.  =  Svolta,  bend.  2. 
(com.')  transfer,  assignment.  *i.  =  Rivo- 
luzione.  ii.  translation. 

Vollibil-e  (L.,<volvere,v.  Volgere); 
I.  flowing  on,  flowing  easily.  2.  voluble. 

3.  fickle.     4.  (tot.)  climber,  such  as  the 
convolvulus.     Aff.  -ita,  -mdnte. 

Volum-e  nt.  (L.,  <  volvere,  books  having 
originally  been  rolls  of  parchment) ;  as  E.  *  Lo 
real  manto  di  tutti  i  -i,  the  regal  mantle  of  all  the 
revolving  spheres  of  the  Universe,  the  Primum 
Mobile,  D.  Par.  23.  112. 

Aff.  -accio  pegg.,  -etro  volumetric  tube,  -etto 
•ettmo  dims.,  -inosita,  -inoso,  -one  augm. 

Voluta  /  (L.,<volutus,  part,  of 
volvere,  v.  Volgere) ;  I.  (arch.)  spiral 
curve,  volute.  2.  (mar.)  scroll  at  the 
head  of  a  ship.  3.  a  family  of  spiral 
shells.  t  =  Valanga,  avalanche. 

'Volutabro  m.  (L..,<volvere);  wallowing-place. 
Volutina/:;  dim.  Voluta. 

Volutt-a  /  (L.  voluptas,  akin  to 
Gr.  fXiris,  hope,  for  ffXirir,  root  wel, 
to  choose,  extended  into  welp,  cp.  Gr. 
eiAaTriVn  for  <r'f  AaTrtVr/,  feast)  ;  sensual 
pleasure. 

Aff.  -uario,  -uosamente,  -uoso. 


Volvere  ;  poet,  for  Volgere. 
Vdlvolo  m. ;  (med.)  volvulus,  71.  Miserere  (6). 
Vomeraia  f.\   the  front  part  of  a  plough  to 
which  the  colter  fits. 

Vbmer-e,  -o  m.  (L.,  for  **vog-mer, 
akin  to  O.H.G.  vieggi  and  A.S.  wecg, 
a  wedge,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Wedge) ;  plough- 
share. 

V6mere  vt>. ;  poft.  for  Vomitare. 

*  Vomicare  ;= Vomitare,  to  vomit. 
V6mic-o  •,(bot.)'Nace-&,StrychHosnitxvomica. 

*  Vomire  ;  =  Vomitare. 

Vomit-are  ind.  vomito  (L.,  akin  to  Gr.  «**e'w, 
?'.  Skeat,  sub  voc.) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -amento,  -ativo, 
-atore,  -atorio,  -ivo  i.q.  -ativo. 

Vomitdrio  i.  m. ;  entrance  passage  giving 
access  to  the  rows  of  seats  in  the  amphitheatre. 
2.  as  adj.  =Vomitatorio. 

*Vonno;    old  3rd  //.  of  Andare,  <  L.  vadunt, 
they  go. 

Vorac-e  (L.t<voro,  to  devour,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.)\  voracious.  Aff.  -em6nte,  -ita. 

Voragin-e  /  (L.,  v.  Vorace) ; 
i.  whirlpool,  gulf.  2.  abyss,  chasm. 
Aff.  -6so. 

Vorago  / ;  poet,  for  Voragine. 

Vor-at6re  m.,  -atrice^A;  vbsbs.  of  "-are,  11. 
Divorare. 

Vorr6;/«/.  of  Volere. 

V6rtic-ey.  (L.,  v.  Vertere) ;  whirlpool,  whirl- 
wind, vortex.  Aff.  -osam^nte,  -oso. 

V6sco  ;  (poet.)  with  you. 

V6sghi,  V6sgi ;  (geogr.)  the  Vosges  moun- 
tains, in  France. 

Vossignoria ;  contr.  of  Vostra  signoria,  your 
lordship. 

V6str-o  (L.  Tester  or  vaster):  your.  Una 
delle  -e,  one  of  your  tricks.  I  -i,  your  family,  your 
money  etc. 

Vosustrissima ;  contr.  of  Vostra  signoria 
illustrissima. 

Vbtabdrse  ;  expensive.    Also  as  sb. 

V6tacanteri  m.  indecl. ;  emptier  of 
pans. 

Vbtacapo  m.  indecl. ;  i.q.  Vota- 
teste. 

Vbtacase  m.  indecl. ;  spendthrift. 

V6tac6ssi  m.  indecl. ;  emptier  of 
cesspools. 

Vbtamadia  m.  indecl. ;  great  eater. 


Votame  m. ;  emptiness. 
Vot-am6nto  m. ;  -vbsb.  of  -are. 

V6tap6ntole  m.  indecl.  ;  dinner- 
time. 

V6tap6zzi  in.  indecl. ;  well  cleaner. 

Votare  ind.  v6to ;  i.  to  vow.  2.  to 
vote. 

Votare,  Vuotare,  ind.  voto,  vuoto ; 
to  empty. 

V6tat6ste  m.  indecl.  ;=Kompicapo, 
bore. 

Vot-at6re,  -atrice  ;  vbsbs.  of  -are. 

Votatura/ ;  emptying. 

Votazidne  / ;  voting. 

Votazza  /  ;  scoop,  ladle,  shovel, 
baler. 

V6t-o  m.  (L.  votum,  <  voveo,  to  vow, 
akin  to  Gr.  efyonoi,  to  pray,  Sanskr. 
vaghat,  one  who  prays);  I.  vow.  2.  vote. 
3.  wish,  prayer.  Aff.  -ivo. 

V6t-o,  Vuot-o  (cogn.  old  Fr.  void, 
>Fr.  vide,  E.  void,  Proveng.  voit,  Cata- 
lan vuid,  Span,  vacio,  <  bit.  **vorilns, 
akin  to  iiocivus,  vacuus)  ;  i.  empty. 

2.  as  sd.,  empty  space ;  1  -i  dell'  infer- 
riata,   the    spaces    between    the    bars. 

3.  room;  Quartiere  a  cinque -i,  chambers 
consisting  of  five  rooms. 

Vulcameria;  v.  Volcameria. 

Vulcanale ;  of  Vulcan. 

Vulcanico  ;  volcanic. 

Vulcan-io  ;  of  Vulcan,    -izzare  ;  as  E. 

Vulcano  m.  (L.,  root  tielq,  to  flash,  cp.  Sanskr. 
iilka,  fiery  meteor) ;  i.  Vulcan,  god  of  fire.  2.  vol- 
cano. 

Vulgo  trt. ;  poet,  for  Volgo. 

Vulner-are  (L.,  v.  supra,  Vellere,  and  Skeat, 
sul'  Vulnerable);  to  wound.  Aff.  -abile. 

Vulneraria/:;  (bat.)  kidney  vetch,  Anihyllis. 

Vulnerario  ;  with  healing  properties. 

Vulvariayl;  (bot.)  stinking  goosefoot,  Cheno- 
podium  vulvaria. 

*  Vunque  ;  =  Ovunque,  wheresoever. 

Vuot-are  ;  v.  Vot-are,  to  empty.     Aff.  -o. 


w 

W  m. ;   pronounced  Doppio  vu,  but  only  used  in  a  few  foreign  words  such  as  Watt,  the  unit  of  electrical  quantity, 
=  volt  x  ampere.     As  an  abbreviation  it  stands  for  Evviva  ! 


X   m.  ;   pronounced   Iccase,  but   in 
mathematics  ics  or  is. 


tXe  ;  pronounced  se,  =  e,  is. 
tXelo;  =  Egli,  he. 
Xenodochio  m.  (Gr.);  hostelry. 


Xeres  rn. ;  sherry. 
Xilografia/  (Gr.);  wood-cut. 


Y  m.  ;  pronounced  Ipsilon,  only  used  in  a  few  foreign  words,  e.g.  Yacht,  Yak,  Yard. 


Z— ZANFONE 


659 


Z  f.  ;  pronounced  zeta.  It  has  two 
sounds,  hard,  =  ts,  and  soft,  =  dz.  The 
latter  is  indicated  in  this  book  by  a  dot 
over  the  letter,  I,  but  only  in  the  entries 
of  current  words  in  their  alphabetical 
order,  not  in  the  explanatory  text,  nor 
in  obsolete  words.  The  difference  be- 
tween the  hard  and  soft  sounds  is  not 
held  to  interfere  with  a  rhyme.  At  Lucca 
the  letter  has  the  sound  of  S. 

Za  ;  imit.  of  the  sound  of  a  smack 
or  cut.  *=  Qua,  here. 

Zabai6n-e  m.  (Illyrian  sabaia,  a  kind 
of  beer) ;  egg-flip.  Aff.  -cino  dint. 

Zabattiero  m. ;  =  Ciabattino,  cobbler. 

t  Zaccagnare  ;  to  run  about,  take  a  lot  of  trouble. 
*Zaccarale  w.;  =  Strettoio,  olive-press. 
*Zaccaro  >«.  ;  =  Zacchera. 

Zaccheo  m. ;  (bot.)  pride  of  India  (tree),  v. 
Perlaro  (3). 

Zacchera  /  (etym.  unkn.  but  prob. 
Germanic);  I.  splash  of  mud.  2.  trifle 
extra  added  to  wages. 

Zaccher6n-a  /,  -e  m.  ;  person 
splashed  with  mud. 

•Zacconato;    a    word   of   unknown    meaning 
(=Zazzeato»). 

Zacinto  m.  ;  I.  (geogr.)  Zante. 
2.  (bat.)  Zacyntha. 

Zafardare  ;  =  Inzafardare,  to  be- 
smear. 

Zaffare  ;  to  plug,  v.  Zaffo. 

Zaffat-a/;  I.  jet,  as  froin  sudden 
removal  of  a  plug.  2.  strong  odour, 
stink.  3.  fig.  =  Risciacquata,  dressing 
down.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -fna  dim. 

Zaffatura/;  plugging. 
Zaffe ;  i.q.  Za. 

fcaffera,  Zaffra  /  (either  cogn.  to  or 
derived  from  Zaffiro) ;  zaffer,  an  impure 
oxide  of  cobalt,  obtained  by  partially 
roasting  cobalt  ore  previously  mixed 
with  sand  ;  it  is  used  in  making  blue 
glass. 

Zafferanato ;  i.  yellow.  2.  treated 
with  saffron. 

Zafferano  m.  (Span,  azafran,  < 
Arabic  a'zafran,  <  Persian  zaafara)  ; 
i.  saffron,  the  dried  stigmas  of  the 
saffron  flower.  2.  (bot.),  (a)  —  coltivato, 
saffron  crocus,  Crocus  saiivus,  (6)  —  ba- 
stardo,  meadow-saffron,  v.  Colchico(i), 

(c)  —  delle  Indie,  turmeric,  v.  Curcuma, 

(d)  —  falso,  safflower,  v.  Grogo  ( i ),  (e)  — 
salvatico    de'    fioristi,    spring     crocus, 
Crocus  vernus.     3.    (ornith.),  (a)  sea- 
mew,  -v.  Gavina  (A),  (b)  herring-gull,  v. 
Gabbiano  (3,  /),  (c)  lesser  blackbacked 
gull,  Larusfuscus,  also  termed  Zafferano 
mezzo  moro. 

•  Zaffetica  /;=  Assafetida. 

Zaffino  m.\  dim.  Zaffo,  plug.  *=Zaf- 
firo. 

fcaffirino  ;  adj.,  of  sapphire. 


Zaffiro  m.  (L.,  <  Gr.,  <  Hebrew  sap- 
pir) ;  sapphire. 

Zaffo  m.  (A)  (O.H.G.  zapho,v.  Skeat, 
sub  Tap) ;  plug. 

(B)  (from  a  Germanic  base  tap,  v. 
Skeat,  sub  Tap,  v6.) ;  constable. 

Zaffra/ ;  v.  Zaffera. 

Zaffr6ne  m.  ;  =  Zafferano  (2,  6),  mea- 
dow-saffron. 

Zagagli-a/  (Span,  zagay a, < Arabic 
zaghayah,  a  Berber  word,  cp.  E.  asse- 
gai}; assegai,  spear.  Aff.  -ata  assegai- 
thrust. 

Zagaia  /  ;  =  Zagaglia,  assegai. 

*  Zaganato  ;  dappled  with  white. 
•Zaganella/:  i.  =  Beffa,  scoff,     ii.  edging  of  a 

robe. 

ZainyT;  the  Hebrew  Z. 
•Zaina/:  (par.  of  Zaino)  ;  an  old  liquid  measure. 

Zain6tto  m.  ;  dim.  Zaino,  knap- 
sack. 

£afno  (A)  m.  (cogn.  Span,  zaina, 
<O.H.G.  zaind,  wicker  basket<O.H.G. 
sain,  twig,  reed,  akin  to  A.S.  tdn,  rod, 
>  early  E.  tein,  a  rod,  and  to  Gothic 
tains,  branch) ;  knapsack. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  zain,  Span,  zaino, 
with  the  same  meaning  as  in  Hal.,  of 
Arabic  origin) ;  wholly  of  one  colour. 

tZalappa y!;  =  Scialappa,  jalap. 

*  Zalfetica  /;  =  Assafetida. 
tZalloppola/;  =  Zolla,  clod. 
'Zamarra  f.\—  Zimarra,  gown. 
*Zambeccnino,  Zambecco  m.  ;  =  Sciabecco. 
*Zambello  m.;  —  Giostra,  Zuffa,  scrimmage. 

Zaraberlucco,  Qiamberlucco  m. 
(Turkish  jaghmurlyk,  rain-coat,  <jagh- 
mur,  rain);  a  kind  of  loose  cape,  over- 
all. 

Zambonegro  m. ;  son  of  a  negro  and 
mulatto. 

*Zambra  f.  (corr.   of  Camera);    i.  =  Camera, 
ii.  =Cesso. 

*  Zambracca  f.  (lit.  chambermaid,  <  Zambra)  ; 
i.    woman-servant,     ii.    strumpet. 

*Zambuco  m. ;  =  Sambuco,  elder-tree. 
Zamia  /. ;  (hot.)  a  genus  of  palm-like  plants. 

Zamp-a  f. ;  i.  paw.  2.  claw  of  a 
bird.  3.  foot  of  a  fly.  4.  as  a  butcher's 
joint,  leg  of  veal.  S-  Leccar  le  -e  ad 
uno,  i.e.  to  flatter  him.  6.  -e  di  gallina, 
or  di  gallo,  (a)  crow's-feet,  wrinkles 
round  the  eyes,  (b)  flaw  in  timber, 
v.  Stellatura  (2).  7.  leg  of  a  table. 
8.  the  graduated  stem  supporting  a 
spit.  9.  -e  d'  aragno,  (a)  (mar.)  grease 
channels,  grooves  in  the  bearings  of  the 
machinery,  (b)  (bot.)  love-in-a-mist,  v. 
Scapigliata  (i). 

Etym.  unkn.  Possibly  from  the  same  base  as 
Zappa,  q.v.,  in  which  case  the  primary  word  in 
Italian  would  be  the  vl>.  Zampare.  In  support  of 
this  theory  the  Sardinian  Marra  is  quoted,  which 
means  both  paw  and  spade,  cp.  also  /«/ro,  Zampillo. 
Korting  suggests  that  Zampa  was  originally  a  dia- 
lectical variant  of  Gamba,  cp.  Inciampare,  Ciampa. 
•Zampagliato  ;  with  the  feet  tied. 

Zampare  ;  to  paw  the  ground. 

*Zamparella/:;  scent-bottle. 

Zampat-ay. ;  i.  blow  with  the  paw. 


2.  print   of   a    paw    on    the    ground. 

3.  Dare,  Aver  la  — ,  fig .  to  inflict,  or 
suffer  hurt.     Aff.  -fna  dim. 

Zampeggiare  ind.  zampe'ggio ;  freq. 
of  Zampare. 

Zampettare  ind.  zampetto ;  i.  to 
kick  the  feet  about.  2.  of  babies,  to 
begin  to  walk. 

Zampetto  m.  ;  i.  dim.  Zampa. 
2.  calf's  foot,  v.  Zampa  (4).  3.  hare's 
foot,  used  as  a  duster. 

*Zampicare  ;  =  Zampettare,  to  kick. 

Zampill-are  ;  to  spirt  out.  Aff.  -10 
freq.  sb. 

Etym.  A  dim.  v£.  from  the  same  base  as  ZafTo, 
plug,  meaning  the  stream  which  spirts  out  when  a 
small  plug  is  removed ;  the  introduction  of  the  m  is 
paralleled  by  E.  tampion,  tamp,  from  the  same  root. 

Zampill-o  m.  (vbsb.  of  Zampillare) ; 
jet.  Aff.  -etto  -ino  dims. 

Zampfna  /  ;  dim.  Zampa. 

Zampi'no  m. ;  dim.  Zampa  (smaller 
than  Zampina).  Avere  uno  —  in  una 
cosa,  to  have  a  finger  in  it.  II  diavolo 
ci  ha  messo  lo  — ,  i.e.  it  turns  out  badly. 

Zampogn-a,  Sampogna  /  (cogn. 
Span,  zampona,  Portug.  sanfonha,  Pro- 
veng.  sinphonia,  old  Fr.  symphonie, 
chifonie,  Wallachian  cimpoe,  <  L.  sym- 
phonia,  <  Gr.  avp.<$>a>v'(.a,  which  occurs 
as  the  name  of  a  musical  instrument) ; 
i.  Pan's  pipes.  2.  =  Cornamusa,  bag- 
pipe ;  strictly,  the  pipe  thereof.  3.  pipe 
of  an  injection  syringe. 

Zampognaro  m.;  itinerant  player  on 
a  bagpipe. 

Zampogn-e'tta  f. ;  dim.  of  -a. 

Zamp-6ne  aiigm.,  -uccio  dim.,  of  -a. 

Zan-a  f.  (liar,  of  Zaina) ;  I.  shallow 
wicker  basket.  2.  (arch.)  =  Nicchia, 
niche.  3.  =  Zanella,  gutter.  4.  cradle. 
5.  shallow  pond.  6.  A  — ,  deeper  in 
the  middle  than  at  the  sides. 

*i.  =  Harella,  stretcher,  ii.  =  Zanaiolo,  basket 
carrier.  iii.  =  Inganno,  fraud.  iv.  Appicare  -e, 
(rt)  to  cheat,  (/)  to  impute  blame. 

Zan-aio,  -arc  m. ;  basket-maker. 

*Zanaiuolo  m. ;  provision  carrier,  7'.  Zana  (i). 

Zanata/;  basketful. 

ZancayC(z»«r.  of  Cianca)  ;  i.  leg; — di  trapano, 
brace  of  a  brace-bitt.  2.  elbow  of  a  lever.  3.  in  //. 
=Trampoli,  stilts. 

*Zancato  ;  bent  at  one  end,  v.  Zanca  (3). 

*ZancheUin-ay!;  dim.  Zanca.  Portare  a  -e, 
to  carry  (a  child)  on  one's  shoulders  with  legs 
dangling. 

*Zanco  m. ;  according  to  Tommaseo  and  Bellini 
=  Fianco,  side;  Diez  takes  it  to  be  for  Stanco  =  left 
side. 

•Zandado;  v.  Zendado. 

Zanella  f. ;  gutter  in  a  roadway. 

*ZanfardayC  (for  Cianfarda,<It.  ciana,  common 
woman,  -f-  farda,  paint)  ;=Baldracca,  drab. 

Zanfon-e  m. ;  alum-pit.  Aff.  -cino 
dim.,  -iere  workman  employed  at  the 
pit. 

Etym.  Prob.  <  It.  zana,  pool,  though  this  does 
not  explain  the  introduction  of  the_/"before  the  suffix. 

83—2 


66o 


ZANFRINO— ZERLA 


*  Zanfrino  ?«. ;  chest  armour  for  a  horse. 

Zangola  / ;  churn. 

Etyttt.  unkn.  Pianigiani  suggests  derivation  < 
**  zaiiicuta,  dim.  of  Zana,  g.v, 

Zang6n-e  m.  (augm.  Zanca) ;  (mar.) 
-i  =  Forcacci,  Y-shaped  timbers  in  the 
hull. 

Zanna/ (O.H.G.^rt»,>Germ.  Zahn, 
tooth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tooth);  i.  tusk. 
2.  bit  of  bone  given  to  a  baby  to  rub  its 
gums  with.  3.  (goldsm.)  Dar  di  — ,  to 
burnish  gold  with  a  tusk. 

Zannare:  to  burnish,  v.  Zanna  (3). 
*  =  Azzannare. 

Zannata  / ;  gash  with  a  tusk. 

Zannata/  (It.  zanni);  foolery. 

*Zanneriayl;=:  Zannata,  foolery. 

Zann-esco  adj.,  -e'tto  dim. ;  v.  -i. 

Zanni  (for  Gianni,  contr.  of  Gio- 
vanni,^. Skeat,  sub  Zany);  =Arlecchino, 
buffoon. 

Zannina  /  ;  dim.  Zanna  (2). 

Zannuto ;  tusked. 

*Zano  tn.  ;  =  Zaino,  knapsack. 

Zanzar-a  (Zanzala,  Zanzana,  Zen- 
zana)/ («?£•«.  Span,  zenzalo,  Roumanian 
tenzarin,  O.H.G.  zinzila,  all  imit.  of 
buzzing) ;  gnat  of  any  species,  but  esp. 
mosquito.  Aff.  -elletta,  -ellfna  dims. 

Zanzariere  m. ;  mosquito-net. 

Zanzarfno  m. ;  piano  with  thin  tink- 
ling notes. 

*Zanzaveratay^;  =  Salsa,  sauce. 
*Zanzerare  ;  i.  to  buzz.     ii.  Jig.  to  grumble. 
*Zanzero  m.  ;  =  Bardassa,  urchin. 
*Zapino,  Zappino  m.',  {cogn.  Fr.  sapin,  <L.) 
=  Pino,  pine-tree. 

Zapp-a/  (late  L.  sapa,  hoe,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Sap,  vb.);  i.  hoe;  Esser  tra  le  due 
-e,  to  be  77  years  old,  the  figure  7  re- 
sembling a  hoe ;  Darsi  la  —  su'  piedi, 
i.e.  to  damage  one's  own  case.  2.  (mil.} 
sap. 

tZappapiedi  m.pl.;  (#wr.)  =  Marcia- 
piedi,  foot-ropes. 

Zapp-are  ;  to  hoe.  -  i  quattrini, 
to  make  a  lot  of  money.  Sto  coll'  orto 
e  zappo  i  frati,  scherz.  for  Sto  coi  frati 
ecc.,  -v.  Orto  (B).  Aff.  -amdnto. 

Zappariglia/  ;  a  kind  of  snuff  made 
of  tobacco  and  white  hellebore. 

Zapp-ata  f. ;  hoeing,  or  blow  with  a 
hoe.  -aterra  m. ;  clod-hopper,  -atina 
/ ;  dim.  of  -ata.  -at6re  m. ;  sapper. 
-atorello  m. ;  dim.  spreg.,  -atorino  m. ; 
dim.  vezz.,  of  -atore.  -atura  /  ;  vbsb. 
of  -are.  -6tta  /,  -ettina  /,  -e'tto  m., 
-f  no  m.  ;  dims,  of  -a.  -ettare  freq. ;  to 
hoe  with  short  quick  strokes,  -ettatura 
/  ;  vbsb.  of  -ettare. 

*  Zappicare  ;  =  Zappettare. 

*  Zappino;  v.  Zapino. 

Zappolo m. ;  (mar.)  =  Ripieno,  chock. 
Zapp6n-e  m.,  -a/  (augm.  Zappa); 

1.  mattock.    2.  — doppio,  pick-mattock. 

2.  _  bidente,  two-pronged  fork,  v.  Bi- 
dente  (i).     Aff.  -are  vb.,  -cello  dim. 

Zar  m.  (Russian,<L.  Caesar);  Czar. 
Aff.  Zarina. 


*Zar-a./,  -o  m.  (Arabic  zar,  a  die);  i.  hazard, 
played  with  three  dice.  ii.  either  of  the  two  lowest 
throws  possible,  totalling  3  and  4  respectively,  each 
of  these  counted  as  nothing,  iii.  —  a  chi  tocca,  let 
the  bad  luck  go  as  it  may,  v.  Bazza.  Similarly,  — 
all'  avanzo. 

Zariba,  Zeriba  f.  (Arabic  zarttat,  den) ;  as 
E.,  any  kind  of  improvised  fortification. 

'Zarletto  m.  ;  =  Gerlo,  Cesta,  basket. 

*Zaro  ?«.;  =  Zara. 

Zatta/;  i.  =  Chiatta,  barge.  2.  a 
variety  of  melon. 

EtyjH.  dub.  Perhaps  a  variant  of  Chiatta, 
barge,  v.  Chiappare,  etytn.  §  5. 

Zatter-a  /  (var.  of  Zatta);  raft. 
Aff.  -ella,  -ina  dims. 

*Zavall  tn. ;  worthless  person. 

*  Zavardare  ;  =  Tnzafardare,  to  grease. 

2av6rr-a  (Savorra,  Savorna)/  (cogn. 
Fr.  saburre,  Provenc,.  saorra,  Span. 
zahorra,  sorra,  <  L.  saburra,  sand  for 
ballast,  a  variant  of  sabuli/m,  v.  Sabbia) ; 
ballast.  Aff.  -are. 

*  Zazara  f.  ;=  Nulla,  nothing. 
*Zazzeare  ;  — Andare  a  zonzo,  to  loiter  about. 

Zazzer-a  (Zazza)  / ;  i.  hair  allowed 
to  grow  long  at  the  back  of  a  man's 
head.  2.  rough  edge  of  a  sheet  of 
paper.  Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -dtta  -ina 
dims.,  -6ne  augm. 

Etym.  O.H.G.  zatd  (>Germ.  Zotte,  tuft  of 
hair),  akin  to  E.  tod  (a  bush  of  ivy  or  the  like,  also 
a  fox,  from  his  bushy  tail),  Norwegian  tad,  manure, 
tedjti,  to  spread  manure,  E.  ted,  vb.,  to  spread  hay, 
the  notions  of  spreading  and  of  bunch,  as  that  which 
requires  spreading,  being  not  far  apart,  v.  Skeat, 
ed.  1910,  sub  Tod,  Ted. 

Zazzeruto ;  with  long  hair. 

tZazzicare  ;  —  Armeggiare,  Cincistiare. 
tZazzichino  «/.;  fumbler. 
tZe1  m.  ;  =  Zip,  uncle. 

*  Zeba  f.  (said  to  be  <  Zibbe,  a  popular  form  of 
Germ.  Ziege) ;  she-goat. 

Zebbare ;  to  stuff  full,  v.  Zeppo  (A). 

Zebedei  m.  pl.\  (--ulg.)  the  testicles. 
'Zebellare;  to  skip. 

Zebra  f.  (a  West  African  word)  ;  as  E. 

Zebu  m. ;  a  name  for  the  humped  Indian  ox 
which  was  given  to  the  animal  by  Buffbn,  who 
adopted  it  from  the  exhibitors  of  a  specimen  at  a 
French  fair  as  if  African,  v.  Zebra. 

Z£cca  f.  (A)  (Span,  xeca  or  zeca, 
<  Arabic  sekhah,  die  for  coining,  hence 
secondly,  coin,>It.  zecchino);  mint. 

(B)  (cogn.  Fr.  tique,  Swiss  zecc,  zecla 
in  the  Grisons  canton,  <  M.H.G.  zeche, 
root  tek,  cp.  O.H.G.  tikian,  to  prick, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Tick);  tick  of  dogs,  etc., 
a  species  of  acarus,  Ixodes  ricinus. 

Zecchi6r-e,  -o  m. ;  employee  of  the 
Mint. 

Zecchin&tta  f. ;  the  game  of  lans- 
quenet, also  termed  Toppa. 

Zecchino  m.  (v.  Zecca) ;  sequin, 
originally  a  Venetian  gold  coin  worth 
about  ten  shillings. 

Zeccola  f.  (etym.  dub.,  prob.  Ger- 
manic, <root  tek  to  prick,  T.  Zecca,  tick, 
but  regarded  by  Canello  as  a  variant  of 
Zacchera);=Lappola,  burr. 

t  Zeccolare  ;  =  Bruzzolare. 

Z^ccolo  m.  (var.  of  Zeccola)  ; 
i.  burr.  2.  matted  lock  of  wool.  3.  in 
pi.,  loose  ends  of  straw  sticking  out  from 
a  plait. 

*  Zediglia  / ;  =  Cediglia. 
*Zedoaria  f.;  v.  Zettovario. 
•Zeffirio  ;  infertile  (egg). 


m.  (L.,<Gr.  Zt<f>vpos,  west 
wind);  i.  zephyr.  2.  as  adj.,  of  woollen 
stuff,  thin.  Aff.  -etto  dim. 

*  Zelamina  f. ;  —  Giallamina,  calamine. 

Zelanda ;  (geogr.)  Zealand  in  Hol- 
land. 

Zelant-e ;  zealous.  Aff.  -emente, 
-one  aiigtn. 

Zel-are  ind.  zelo ;  to  show  zeal.  Aff. 
-atore,  -atrice. 

Zelo  m.  (L.,<Gr.,  v.  Skeat, sub  vac.); 
zeal. 

*Zembo  ;  =  Sghembo,  crooked. 

Zembro  ;  (&?/.)  Pino  — ,  Siberian  stone  pine, 
Pinus  cembra. 

*Zembuto;  hunchbacked. 

t2enat6io  m.;~ Caprugginatoio,  notcher. 

Zend,  Zendo  ;  ancient  Persian,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc. 

Zendado,  Zendale  (Zandando)  m. 
(cogn.  Span,  cendal,  Proveng.  zendals, 
old  Fr.  cendal,< late  L.  sendalum,<G*. 
<Tiv&a>v,  muslin,  v.  Sindone) ;  taffeta, 
thin  silk. 

2endavesta  in. ;  the  ancient  Persian  sacred 
book. 

Zenit,  Zenitte  m.  (Span.,  <  Arabic  samt,  way, 
short  for  satftt-jir-ras,  way  overhead,  v.  Skeat,  sub 
voc.);  zenith. 

*Zenodochio  m.  (Gr.  £evo$oxeiov)  ;  hostel. 

*Zentano  ;«.;  =  Zendado,  silk. 

*Zenzala,  *ZenzanayC;~Zanzara,  mosquito. 

*  Zenzaniay?;  =  Ziz/ania,  tares. 

* Zenzara y^;  =  Zanzara,  mosquito. 

•Zenzavero  m. ;  =  Zenzero,  ginger. 

*Zenzeriay^;  confusion. 

Zenzero  m. ;  ginger. 

Etym.  L.  zingiber,  <  Gr.,  <  Sanskr.  frflga. 
•vera,  <Sanskr.  frtlga,  horn.+  ffrrt,  body,  adapted 
from  Malayalam  inthi-ver,  green  ginger,  <  inchi,  a 
root,  the  Sanskrit  adaptation  being  due  to  popular 
etymology,  from  the  horns  on  the  roots. 

*Zenzeverata,    Zenzoverata  f.  ;    i.    (med.) 
medicine  containing  ginger,     ii.  Jig.  medley. 
*Zenzile  ;  =  Sensile,  ordinary. 

Zeolite  /  (Gr.)  ;  (miu.)  as  E. 

ieoscdpio  m.  (Gr.) ;  instrument  for  determining 
the  amount  of  alcohol  in  a  liquid  from  its  ebullition. 

Zepp-a/  (M.H.G.  zepfe,< O.H.G. 
zapfo,  plug,  root  tap,  as  in  E.  tamp, 
tampion,  v.  Skeat,  sub  Tap  sb. ;  cp. 
supra,  Zaffb);  i.  wedge,  e.g.  to  prevent 
a  window  from  rattling.  2.  Jig.  tag,  in 
verses,  words  only  put  in  to  make  up 
the  metre.  3.  Metier  una  — ,  to  find 
a  remedy  for.  4.  Mettere  -e,  to  sow 
discord,  t  headless  nail. 

Zepp-are  ind.  zeppo  ;  i.  to  wedge 
tight.  2.  to  cram  with  food.  3.  Zeppa  \ 
go  it  \  Aff.  -amdnto,  -atura. 

Zepp-etta,  -ettfna  ;  dim.,  sub-dim. 
of  -a. 

Zeppo  (A) ;  sync.  part,  of  Zeppare. 
Pieno  — ,  brim-full,  crammed.  Stare 
a  — ,  to  be  squeezed  close  together. 
*as  s6.  =  Zeppa. 

*(B);  =  Ceppo,  alms-box. 
Zepp-olina  f.\  dint,  of  -a. 
Zeppolino  ;  a  variety  of  Chianti  grape. 

Zerbln-o  m.  (from  the  name  of  a 
character  in  Ariosto's  Orlando  Furioso); 
i.  smart,  well  got  up  young  man,  less 
dandyfied  than  Frustino.  2.  door-mat. 

Aff.  -ello  -etto  dims,  vezz.,  -eria  smartness  or 
smart  set,  -escamente,  -t^tto  thru. 
*  Zerbo  ;  Fare  — ,  to  fight. 
•Zerei  m.  fl.;  =  Zebedei. 

Zeriba ;  v.  Zariba. 

Zerlayl;  an  old  wine  measure,  about  10  gallons. 


ZERO— ZIZZANIA 


66 1 


Zero  m.  (A)  (for  "Zefro,  <  Arabic  tafr,  empty, 
v.  Skeat,  sub  Cipher) ;  as  E. 

(B);  a  small  fish  similar  to  a  sardine. 
Zerolo  ;  v.  Menola  (2). 
Zeta  / ;  the  letter  Z. 
*Zetano  m. ;  silk  stuff. 
*Zetare;  =  Gettare. 

Zetetico  (Gr.);  analytic,  inquiring. 
*Zeto  >«.  ;  =  Geto,  jess. 

Zettovario  m.  (Arabic  zedvtir)  ;  (hot.)  zedvary, 
a  name  for  certain  plants  in  the  East  with  root-stocks 
similar  to  those  of  ginger. 

Zeugma,  Zeuma  m.  (Gr.);  (gram.)  as  E. 

Zezzio  m.  (imit.)  ;  I.  whistling  of 
the  wind.  2.  scolding. 

•Zezzo  ;  =  Sezzo,  last. 

*Zezzolo    tit.    (a  dint,    of  Germanic   origin,   tf. 
Zizza) ;   teat,  titty. 
Zi  ;=St,  hush  ! 

Zia  /  (z*.  Zio) ;  i.  aunt.  2.  the 
rough  skin  on  the  front  of  the  knee. 
t  =  Matrigna,  stepmother. 

*Ziano  ?«.;  =  Zio,  uncle. 
Ziarelle  ;  Pesce  — ,  onion-fish,  v.  Cepola  (2). 

Zibaldon-e  m.  (prob.  a  corr.  of  Za- 
baione) ;  medley.  Aff.  -accio  pegg. 

Zibellfno  m.  (Slavonic,  cp.  Russian 
sobol,  Servian  samur,  Hungarian  zco- 
boly)  ;  sable,  Martes  zibellina,  or  its 
fur. 

Z  ibeppe  m. ;  pop.  for  Deretano,  the  posterior. 
Zibettato  ;  perfumed  with  civet. 

Zibetto  tn.  (cogn.  Fr.  civette,  late 
Gr.  fajrt'riov,  Germ.  Zibelh,  <  Persian 
zetad,  the  perfume  obtained  from  the 
animal) ;  civet  cat,  Viverra  zibetha,  or 
the  perfume  furnished  by  it. 

Zibibb-o  ;  Uva  -a,  a  kind  of  kidney- 
shaped  grape  or  raisin. 

tZib6ria/;=Borra,  stuffing. 

*Zie  ;  =  Zio.     *  Ziemo,  *Zieso  ;  =  Zio  mio,  suo. 

Ziitto  m. ;  dim.  vezz.  Zio. 

Ztffe  zaffe  (imit.);  snip  snap. 

Zifdne  in. ;  pop.  for  Sifone,  siphon. 
*Zifra/;  =  Cifra,  cipher. 

Zigare ;  to  squeal,  as  a  rabbit. 

Zigena,  Zighena  f.\  hammer-headed  shark, 
v.  Sfirna. 

2ighe-zaghe,  Zig-zag  (Germ.  Zickzack,  re- 
duplicated from  Zacke,  a  tooth,  v.  Skeat,  sub  voc.)  ; 
asE. 

Zfgolo,  Zivolo  m.  (prob.  imit.,  from 
the  bird's  song);  (ornith.)  \.  — capinero, 
black-headed  bunting,  v.  Re  (6).  2.  — 
della  neve,  or  bianco,  snow  bunting, 
Emberiza  nivalis,  also  termed  Ortolano 
della  neve  or  di  montagna,  Nizzola 
bianca.  3.  --  di  Lapponia,  Lapland 
bunting,  Emberiza  calcarata.  4.  - 
giallo  or  rapaio,  yellow-hammer,  Embe- 
riza citrinella,  also  termed  Gialletto, 
Ortolano  giallo,  Pagliaresca,  Sermolla, 
Setaiola,  Nizzola  gialla.  5.  —  muci- 
atto,  Emberiza  da,  also  termed  Muciat- 
tola,  Nizzola  prataiola,  Pagliereccia, 
Zivola  matta.  6.  —  nero,  cirl  bunting, 
Emberiza  cirlus,  also  termed  Cirlo. 

Zigom-a,  -o  in.  (Gr.);  (anat.)  cheek-bone. 
Aff.  -atico. 

Zigrfno  (Sigrino)  m.  (var.  of  Sagrt) ; 
shagreen  made  from  the  back  of  an  ass 
or  mule  skin,  that  from  shark  skin  being 
distinguished  as  Sagrt. 

Zig-zag ;  v.  Zighe-/aghe. 
Ziln-o  ;«.,  -a_/i;  dim.  vezz.  of  Zi-o,  -a. 
Zilobalsamo  m. ;  =  Silobalsamo. 
*  Zirnar  m.  ;  =  Verderame,  verdigris. 

2imarr-a/ ;  priest's  gown,  cassock 


formerly  also  worn  by  doctors,  magis- 
trates and  other  persons  of  importance. 
Aff.  -accia  pegg.,  -etto  -ma  dims.,  -one 
augm. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Provenc..  sarnurra,  Fr.  ckamarre 
or  simarre,  Span,  zaifiarra,  ckamarra,  of  Arabic 
origin  and  reaching  the  other  languages  through 
Spanish.  The  Arabic  source  is  either  satnmtir, 
sable,  or  khimart  a  woman's  veil  ;  cp.  Gamurra. 

Zimasiy:  (Gr.);  (chem.)  ferment. 

Zimbell-are  ind.  zimbello;  I.  to 
move  the  decoy  about.  2.  by  ext.,  to 
entice,  generally.  Prov.  Chi  semina 
fave  -a  a  grano,  sowing  beans  is  an 
inducement  to  corn,  a  bean  crop  having 
a  manurial  influence. 

Aff.  -ata,  -atdre,  -atrice,  -atuni. 

Zimbelliera  /. ;  the  twig  for  the 
decoy  bird. 

Zimbello  m.  (bit.  **cymbellum,  dim. 
of  L.  cymbalum,  dinner-bell  in  a  monas- 
tery, v.  Cembalo) ;  i.  decoy-bird.  2.  by 
ext.,  allurement  of  any  kind.  3.  Servire 
di  — ,  to  serve  as  a  plaything,  be  made 
a  fool  of,  a  butt. 

*  bag  stuffed  with  feathers  or  ashes  with  a  string 
attached  for  hitting  a  person  without  hurting. 

Zimico  (Gr.)  ;  relating  to  ferments. 

Zimino  m.  (Arabic  semin,  made  with 
butter) ;  a  kind  of  sauce  used  with  salt 
fish. 

Zimologfayl  (Gr.);  science  of  ferments. 

Zimosimetro  m. ;  a  kind  of  thermometer  for 
testing  fermentation  invented  by  Swammerdam.'  It 
was  this  which  suggested  the  idea  of  the  mercurial 
thermometer  to  Fahrenheit. 

Zimotecn-ia  f.  (Gr.);  art  of  fermentation. 
Aff.  -ico. 

Zimdtico  (Gr.);  zymotic. 

tZinale  m.  (prob.  for  Zinnale,  <Zinna,  or  else 
for  ** Sinale,<.  L.  jz«Mj);  =  Grembiule,  apron. 

Zinc-o  m.  (Germ.  Zink,  <Zinn,  tin,  as  it  were 
tin-like  metal) ;  as  E.  Aff.  -are  to  coat  with  zinc, 
•atura,  -ografia  engraving  on  zinc. 

Zinc6n-e,  Zing6n-e  m.  (an  augm. 
formed<O.H.G.^z'«^<7,  prong,  v.  Skeat, 
sub  Tine,  which  \sprob.  a  kindred  word) ; 
stump  of  a  branch,  left  when  pruning 
not  very  close  up  to  the  stem.  AJf. 
-cino  dim. 

*Zinepro  ;«.;  =  Ginepro,  juniper. 
Zinfonia^;  pop.  for  Sinfonia. 
Zingano  ;«. ;  pop.  for  Zingaro. 
Zingar-ello   -ella  dims,   vczz.,   -isca  gi 
song ;  v.  -o. 

Zingar-o  m.,  -a  f.  (cogn.  Span,  zan- 
gano,  Germ.  Zigeuner,  Russian  tsiigan, 
Hungarian  tzigany,  Arabic  and  Turkish 
chingani,  from  the  original  Oriental 
name  of  the  race)  ;  gipsy.  Aff.  -cllo 
-ella  dims,  -vezz.,  -e^ca  gipsy  song. 

*  Zinghinaia  f. ;  constant  ill-health. 

*  Zingon-cello  m.  (dim.  of  -e)  ;  peg  fixed  in  a 
wall. 

Zing6ne  ;  v.  Zincone. 
tZiniayC;  =  Genia,  crowd. 

*Zinna  j.   (O.H.G.    zinnat    pinnacle,    perhaps 
akin  to  E.  tine) ;   teat,  lit.  prominence. 

*  Zinnale;  v.  Zinale. 

*  Zino  ;  tiny. 

*Zinzania  /;  =  Zizzania,  tares. 
'Zinz-ibo,  -ibio  m.;  Zinzero,  ginger. 

Zinzilio  »i.;  a  variety  of  snuff. 
,*  Zinzilulare  (imit.) ;  to  twitter. 
•Zinzinare;  =  Centellare,  to  sip. 

Ziuzino,  Sinsinio  m.  (prob.  imit. 
from  the  sound  of  sipping) ;  tiny  piece, 
tiny  drop. 

tZinzolino  m.;  i.q.  Zinzino. 

tZinzolo  ;«.  ;=Giuggiolo,  jujube  tree. 


gipsy 


Zi-o  m. ;  i.  uncle.  2.  Per  — ,  euph. 
for  Per  Dio.  Similarly  —  salato,  Poffar 
il  — .  3.  Far  lo  — ,  to  remain  at  home 
unmarried.  4.  Rimanere  — ,  to  have 
a  debt  which  cannot  get  paid.  5.  Zi' 
Beppe,  scherz.  for  Zibebbe. 

*  i.  Cadere  una  cosa  in  grembo  allo  — ,  to  arrive 
most  opportunely,  ii.  officer  of  the  Monte  di  Pieta. 
tiii.  =  Patrigno,  stepfather,  t  iv.  =Bargello,  sheriff. 
Ktyiti.  bit.  tkius,  <  Gr.  fleios,  uncle,  referred 
by  Prellwitz  to  the  root  dhe,  to  suck  ;  the  original 
word  on  this  theory  would  be  Qfia,  nursing-mother, 
transferred  as  a  term  of  endearment  to  an  aunt,  and 
so  in  masculine  form  to  an  uncle.  Cp.  Skeat,  ed. 
1910,  sub  Teat. 

Zipeo  tn.  (imit.)\  (ornith.)  finch. 

tZipillare  ;    i.  =  Gingillare,   to  saunter,     ii.   to 
dally  with  a  woman. 

Zipillo  m. ;  v.  Zipolo. 

Zipolare  ind.  zi'polo  ;  to  play  with  a 
Zipolo. 

Zfpol-0  m.  (M.H.G.  zipfel,  =  Dutch 
and  E.  tip;  akin  to  O.H.G.  zappo, plug, 
v.  Zaffo) ;  i.  spigot.  2.  Fare  d  una 
lancia  uno  — ,  or  d'  una  trave  un  notto- 
lino,  v.  Nottolino  (2). 

tZiraiay^;  storeroom  for  Ziri. 

Zirbo  tn.  (cogn.  Portug.  zirbo,  bit.  zirbus, 
cirbtis,  <  Arabic  tarb  or  therb,  peritoneum)  ;  (anat.) 

1.  omentum  or  peritoneum.     2.  (bot.)  bitter  vetch, 
v.  Veggiola.     *  belly. 

Zirc6ne  in.  (Arabic  zarkun^  vermilion,  <  Per- 
sian zargfin,  gold-coloured,  v.  Giargone,  A) ;  (chem.) 
asE. 

tZirla  f.  (for   "Zirula,  dim.   of  Ziro);  =  Orcia 
grande,  oil-jar. 

Zirlare  (imit.) ;  to  whistle,  as 
thrushes  :  to  squeak,  as  mice. 

Zirlo    m. ;     i.    vbsb.     of    Zirlare. 

2.  thrush  kept  in  a  cage  for  its  singing. 

tZiro  ;«.  (Arabic,  zir,  bucket);  jar. 

Ziro-ziro  m.  (imit.);  i.  the  sound 
made  by  drawing  a  wet  finger  along 
the  rim  of  a  glass.  2.  the  sound 
of  scraping  a  fiddlestick  across  the 
strings. 

Zit ;  for  Zitto,  hush  ! 

Zita  /. ;    the  patron  saint  of  Lucca,  D.   Inf. 

21.     38. 

*Zit-o  tn.  (A);    i.    boy.     it.    as  adj.t  chaste. 
Aff.  -a,  girl. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Ital.  Citto,  Cittolo,  <  M.H.G. 
zitze,  teat,  so  that  the  original  meaning  was  "suck- 
ling." 

(B)(Gr.  f««os);  beer. 
tZittare;  to  hush. 

Zitt&lla  /  ;  dim.  Zita,  ~v.  Zito  (A), 
girl. 

Zittellona  /  ;  old  maid. 

Zittellone  m. ;  spreg.,  childish  old 
man,  or  scherz.  sprightly  old  man. 

Zittino  ;  dim.  vezz.  Zitto. 

Zitt-ire  ind.  -isco ;  i.  to  hush,  to 
bid  not  to  speak.  2.  to  speak  in  a  low 
voice,  usu.  with  neg.,  Non  — ,  not  to 
utter  a  whisper.  3.  (theat.)  to  receive 
a  play  with  silent  disapproval. 

Zitto  (cogn.  Fr.  chut,  Span,  ckito, 
Roumanian  «'/#,<st!  hush!);  i.  quiet, 
silent ;  Star  — ,  to  hold  one's  tongue. 
2.  as  interj.,  hush !  3.  as  sb.,  low 
murmur ;  Non  sentirsi  uno  — ,  com- 
plete silence. 

Zivolo;  v.  Zigolo. 

•Zizza,  Cizza/  (M.H.G.  sitte,  v.  Skeat,  si,/- 
Teat);   woman's  breast. 

Zizzania  (Zizzaglia)/.  (L.,<Gr.  fifd- 
viov,  <  Syriac  ziuano,  =  Arabic  zivan, 


662 


ZIZZIBA— ZUCCOTTO 


Persian  sevan,  tares);  (hot.)  i.  darnel, 
Lolium  temulentum,  also  termed  Loglio 
velenoso.  2.  —  palustre,  Canadian 
wild  rice,  Zizania  clavulosa,  also  termed 
Riso  salvatico  del  Canada,  Zizzania 
palustre.  3.  fig.  discord. 

*  Zizziba,  ZizzifayT;  =  Giuggiola,  jujube. 

Zizzola  f.  ;    i.  =  Giuggiola,  jujube. 

2.  fig.  a  trifle,  a  mere  nothing.     3.   a 
serious  blow,  morally  or  physically. 

tZizzolino  w.;=  Bambino,  baby. 

Zizzolo  »z.  (Gr.  fi^vpnv,  <  Persian 
zayzafuri);  (hot.}  I.  =  Giuggiolo,  jujube 
tree.  2.  —  terrestre,  rush  nut,  v.  Bab- 
bagigi.  +  =Pagaccio,  slow  to  pay. 

Zoantari  tn.  pi.  (Gr.);  the  sea  anemone  class 
of  animals. 

ZoantropiayC;  believing  oneself  to  be  a  beast, 
t  Z6cca  y!;  =  Ciocca,  grape-pip. 

*  Zocchetto  m.  (dim.  Zocco) ;  small  piece. 
*Zocco   m.  (A);  =  Zoccolo,   clog.     (B);   var.   of 

Ciocco,  log. 

Zoccol-aio,  -aro  m. ;  clog-seller. 

Zoccolanti  m.  pi. ;  Franciscan  friars, 
//'/.  wearers  of  clogs. 

Zoccolare  ind.  z&ccolo ;  to  make  a 
noise  by  trampling  about  in  clogs,  or 
with  flapping  soles  to  one's  shoes. 

Zoccol-aro  m. ;  v.  -aio. 

Zoccolata  /  ;  blow  with  a  clog. 

Z6ccol-o  m.  (dim.  Zocco ;  cogn. 
Proven^,  zocs,  Span,  zoco,  zueco,  <  L. 
soccus,  considered  by  Walde  to  be  of 
Persian  origin,  through  Greek) ;  i.  clog, 
shoe  with  wooden  sole.  2.  hoof. 

3.  (arch.)  socle,  plinth.      4.   person  of 
no  account.     5.    (Frittata)   con   gli   -i, 
with  slices  of  ham  underneath.    6.  part 
of  the  frame  of  a  carriage.     Aff.  -e^to 
-ino  dims,  vezz.,  -6ne  augm. 

Zodiac-o  m.  (Gr.,  <  foiJiov,  dim.  of  fifo*, 
animal,  v.  Zoologia,  from  the  animals  named  in  the 
constellations);  as  E.  Aff.  -ale. 

*Zoforo  in.  (Gr.  £ct>o4>opot) ;  =  Fregio,  frieze. 

*  Zoglioso ;  =  Gioioso,  jolly. 

fZoiay^;  (?«<7r.)  =  Ghirlanda,  breast-hook. 
Zdlfa ;  71.  Solfa. 
Zolf-aia,  -arayC;  =  Solfatara. 

Zolfanell-0  m.  (It.  zolfo)  ;  sulphur 
match.  AJf.  -aio  match-seller. 

Zolf-are  ind.  z61fo ;  to  dust  with 
sulphur.  AJf.  -atore,  -atura. 

Zolfiera  f. ;  sulphur  mine. 

Zolflnaio  m.  ;  maker  of  sulphur 
matches. 

Zolffn-0  m.  ;  I.  sulphur  match. 
2.  hot-headed  person.  3.  (bot.)  in  pi., 
(a)  yellow  everlasting,  v.  Perpetuino  (£), 
(6)  -i  salvatici,  narrow-leaved  cud-weed, 
v.  Stecade.  4.  as  adj.,  yellow. 

Z61fo,  S61fo  m.  (L.  sulphur,  cf. 
Sanskr.  falvari);  sulphur. 

*Zolf-onaria/:;  Solfatura.     -ore  w.;  =  Zolfo. 

Zoll-a,  Zoll-a  /  (O.H.G.  scolla,> 
Germ.  Scholle,  clod,  root  skel,  to  sepa- 
rate, v.  Skeat,  sub  Shoal,  no.  i);  clod, 
lump. 

Aff.  -ata  blow  with  a  clod,  -etta  -ettina  dims., 
•<5ne  augm.,  -oso  or  -uto  lumpy. 

Zomb-are  ind.  z6mbo  (prob.  imit., 
but  perhaps  of  Germanic  origin  and 
akin  to  E.  tumble);  to  thump.  Aff. 
-ata,  -atura. 


*  Zombolare  ;  freq.  of  Zombare. 

Zomp-are  ind.  zompo;  var.  of  Zombare.  Aff. 
•o  sb. 

Z6na/  (L.,<Gr,  v.  Skeat,  sui  zw.);  i.  as  E. 
2.  girdle,  as  a  sign  of  distinction  on  a  dress.  3.  (nttd.) 
shingles. 

*Zondado  w.;=Zendado,  silk  tissue. 
*Zonfo  w.;  =  Tonfo,  thud. 

ZonzelleyT//. ;  (dot.) salep orchis,  v.  Erba(ii9). 
tZonzello  m. ;=Donzello. 

Z6nzo  (prob.  imit.,  cf.  Zanzara) ; 
Andare  a  — ,  to  saunter  about. 

Zonzonare  ind.  zonzono  ;  to  humbug, 
tto  saunter. 

ZooepicayC  (Gr.) ;  epic  of  the  battles  of  animals. 

Zo6fUo  (Gr.);  fond  of  animals. 

Zodfito  m.  (Gr.);  zoophyte. 

2oofitolito(Gr.);  fossil. 

Zoofbrico  (Gr.);  surmounted  by  an  animal. 

Zoografia  f.  (Gr.) ;  =  Zoologia. 

Zooiatria/!  (Gr.);  veterinary  science. 

Zooli'to  tn.  (Gr.);  petrified  animal. 

Zoolog-ia./  (Gr.,  for  c^jioy,  v.  Vivere);  as  E. 
Aff.  -ico,  -o. 

Zoo-magnetismo,  -nomia,  zoosporo,  -tec- 
nia,  -tomla,  -tr6fico;  as  E. 

Zopp-accio  pegg.,  -aggine /,  -eggiare  to 
be  very  lame,  -ettino  dim.  vezz.,  -etto  dim.',  v.  -o. 

Zoppic-are  ind.  zoppico,  -hi  ;  i.  to 
limp.  2.  of  furniture,  to  stand  un- 
steadily. 3.  to  be  shaky  in  health  or 
in  knowledge  of  a  subject.  Aff.  -ame'nto, 
-atura. 

Zoppic6n-e,  -i  adv. ;  unsteadily. 

Zoppina  / ;  (vet.)  foot-rot,  also 
termed  Chiodo  bovino. 

Z6pp-0  (etym.  unkn.) ;  i.  limping. 
2.  Matrimonio  — ,  marriage  between 
unsuitable  persons.  3.  Camminare  a 
pie  — ,  to  hop  along  on  one  foot. 
4.  Tornare  a  pie  — ,  to  come  back  from 
an  undertaking  with  the  tail  between 
the  legs,  unsuccessful.  Aff.  -ino  dim. 

tZAppolo  HI.:  canoe. 

Z-orilla /.;  Cape  polecat,  Zorilla  striata. 
Z6steray^;  (bot.)  glass  wrack,  v.  Alga  (4). 

Z6tic-o  (etym.  dub. ;  the  derivation 
preferred  by  Korting  is  that  of  Caix, 
vtz.<L.  idioticus,  v.  Idiota);  i.  boorish. 
2.  rough  (cloth).  3.  troublesome  (soil). 

Aff.  -accio  peg£.t  -aggine,  -amente,  -hetto  -hino 
dims,  vfzz.,  -hezza,  -onaccio  augnt.  ptgg.,  -one 
aurtn. 

T^6ttolo  nt. :  a  species  of  cuttle-fish,  v.  Seppiola. 

Zozz-a  f.  (short  for  Suzzacchera, 
q.v.);  i.  rum  or  other  coarse  spirit 
mixed  with  water,  grog.  2.  fig.  the 
common  people.  Aff.  -aio,  drinker  or 
seller  of  grog. 

Zuavayi;  lady's  Zouave  jacket. 

Zuavo  ;  originally  denoting  one  of  the  Kabyle 
tribes  in  the  Algerian  province  of  Constantine. 
These  Kabyles  had  long  been  employed  as  mer- 
cenaries by  the  Deys  of  Algiers,  and  after  the 
conquest  in  1830,  the  French  took  them  into  their 
service.  The  word  now  merely  denotes  a  body  of 
troops  in  the  French  army  wearing  a  quasi-Moorish 
uniform. 

tZubbare  (for  **Zumbare,  <  Germ.  dial,  zum- 
pelen,  =  E.  tumble,  cf.  Zombare);  to  jump  about, 
turn  summersaults. 

Zucc-a  f.  (etym.  unkn. ;  Diez  takes 
it  to  be  a  metathesis  with  aphaeresis 
of  Cocuzza);  i.  (bot.)  gourd  of  various 
species,  including,  (a)  —  da  vino,  or 
da  pesce,  bottle  gourd,  Lagenaria  vul- 
garis,  (b)  —  verde,  squash,  Cucurbita 
melopepo,  (c)  -  -  popona,  pumpkin, 
Cucurbita  pepo,  one  variety  of  which, 


Cucurbita  ovifera  succada,  is  the  English 
vegetable-marrow.  2.  by  ex-/.,  (pers.) 
head ;  —  monda  or  pelata,  bald  head. 
3.  a  pumpkin  being  by  comparison 
with  a  melon  tasteless,  whilst  both  are 
gourds,  the  word  may  be  applied  to  any 
food  which  is  insipid ;  Questa  torta  e 
— ,  this  tart  is  tasteless.  4.  of  an 
obtuse  individual ;  Smetti, —  impotente, 
di  censurare  chi  tu  non  intend!,  you  old 
donkey,  you  had  better  not  criticize  a 
man  you  don't  understand  ;  So  —  vota, 
-  al  vento.  5.  as  an  expression  of 
amazement,  -he !  or  -he  fritte !  -he 
marine  !  -he  marinate  !  6.  dry  gourd 
used  for  holding  things,  or  as  a  float 
to  swim  with.  7.  gourd-shaped  glass 
vessel  used  in  distilling.  8.  In  — ,  with 
no  hat  on.  Aff.  -accia  pegg. 

Zuccaio  ;  an  epithet  for  insipid 
varieties  both  of  cherry,  pear  and 
grape. 

Zuccaibla  /  ;  i.q.  Grillotalpa,  mole- 
cricket. 

Zuccaiblo  ;  name  of  a  variety  of 
early  fig. 

tZuccapolo  7;/. ;  — Cercine,  pad. 

Zuccat-a  /. ;  blow  on,  or  with  the 
head.  Fare  alle  -e  col  muro,  to  run 
one's  head  against  a  wall,  come  to  grief 

unnecessarily. 

*  Zucchegno ;  (ground)  good  only  for  gourds. 

Zuccher-accio  m.',  pegg.  of -o. 

Zuccheraggio  m.  ;  addition  of  saccharine 
matter  to  must  of  poor  quality  to  aid  the  fermen- 
tation. 

Zuccherare ;  =  Inzuccherare,  to 
sugar. 

Zuccheriera  f. ;  sugar-basin. 
Zuccherffero ;  sugar-producing. 

Zuccherino;  i.  saccharine.  2.  sweet. 
3.  as  sb.,  saccharine  matter.  4.  sugar- 
plum. 

Zliccher-O  m.  ;  sugar.     Aff.  -oso. 

Etym.  Cogn.  Fr.  Sucre,  Germ.  Zucker,  Span. 
azucar,  <  Arabic  assokkar,  <  Persian  shakar,  < 
Pali  sakkara,  <  Sanskr.  carkarA,  sugar,  originally 
gravel,  the  first  sugar  having  been  granular.  The 
L.  saccharum  is<Gr. ,  <  Persian,  as  above,  but  is 
not  the  direct  source  of  the  European  words,  sugar 
having  been  introduced  into  Europe  by  the  Moors. 

Zuccb.6tt-a,  -ina ;  dim.,  sub-dim.,  of 
Zucca. 

Zucchettino  m. ;  I.  sub-dint.  Zucca, 
young  gourd.  2.  =  Zuccotto. 

Zuccb^tto  m.  ;  l.  =  Zucchetta.  2. 
skull-cap. 

Zucchino  m. ;  i.  dim.  Zucca.  2.  a 
parasitic  worm  shaped  like  a  gourd  seed, 
Taenia  cucumeria. 

Zucco  ;  name  of  a  Palermitan  wine,  tbare- 
headed. 

Zuccon-accio  m.;  pegg.  of -e. 
Zucconaggine/;;  stupidity. 

Zucconare  ind.  zuccono ;  i.  to  shave 
the  scalp.  2.  to  prune  (fruit  trees)  down 
to  the  ground. 

Zucc6ne  m.  ;  i.  augm.  Zucca. 
2.  large  head.  3.  bald  head.  4.  stupid 
fellow.  5.  in//.,  lay  brothers. 

Zucc6tto  **.;i.  gourd  to  hold  water 
for  keeping  small  fish.  2.  skull  cap, 


ZUFFA— ZUZZERELLONE 


663 


esp.  one  of  steel.    3.  —  rosso,  cardinal's 
cap ;  —  bianco,  the  Pope's  cap. 

Zuff-a/ (A)(O.H.G.  Zopf,  lock  of 
hair,  so  that  the  lit.  meaning  would  be 
that  of  clutching  the  opponent's  hair, 
cp.  Germ,  zupfen,  to  pluck) ;  scrimmage, 
tussle.  t(B)  (O.H.G.  si}/,  v.  infra, 
Zuppa) ;  polenta.  Aff.  -e"tta  dim.,  -ettma 
sub-dim. 

•Zuffolo  >«.;  =  Zufolo. 
Zufilo  in. ;  i.=Zufolo.     ii.  a  useless  thing. 

Zufol-are  (Sufolare,  Zufulare)  ind. 
zufolo  (for  **sifilare,<L.  sibilare,  of 
imit.  origin);  I.  to  play  on  the  Zufolo. 
2.  to  whistle  without  any  instrument, 
usu.  Fischiare,  or  as  the  wind.  3.  of 
snakes,  to  hiss.  4.  Sentirsi  -  -  gli 
orecchi,  to  have  a  singing  in  the  ears. 
Aff.  -am^nto. 

Zufol-6tto,  -Ino ;  dims,  of  -o. 

Zufol-o  m.  (vbsb.  of  Zufolare) ; 
i.  rustic  flute,  whistle.  2.  fig.  =  W\n- 
chione,  blockhead.  3.  Far  come  gli  -i 
di  montagna,  v.  Montagna.  Aff.  -6ne 
augm. 

tZufoldtto  in. ;=Latnpreda  marina,  lamprey. 
*  Zufulare  ;  =  Zufolare. 


*Zug-o  m.  (Arabic  zuku,  memkrvm  virile);  = 
Sciocco,  fool.     Aff.   '-olino  dim. 

Zum,  Ziimmene,  Zun,  Zunnene ;  advs. 
imit.  of  a  heavy  sound. 

tZumarugolo   m. ;    a    species   of  screw-shell, 
5 'trombus  pes  pflicani. 

Zupan-o  M.  ;  i.  Servian  or  Croatian  count. 
2.  head  of  a  confraternity.  Aff.  -la. 

Zuppa  (Suppa)  /  (cogn.  Proveng. 
and  Span,  sopa,  old  Fr.  sope,< O.H.G. 
siif,  sauf,  broth,  7'.  Skeat,  sub  Sop,  Sup); 

1.  thick   broth   with    sippets  of  toast, 
soup  more  elaborately  prepared  being 
Minestra ;    bread    moistened    in    any 
liquid  would  be  Zuppa  (unless  losing 
all    consistency    it     became     Pappa). 

2.  —  lombarda,  bread  in  veal  or  chicken 
broth  with  cheese  and  seasoning.    3.  — 
stufata,  bread  cooked  a  long  time  in  a 
little  broth  and  seasoned  with  cheese, 
sauce,  minced  meat  or  the  like.     4.  - 
brodettata,  with  eggs  beaten  up  in  the 
broth.    5.  —  inglese,  Russian  Charlotte, 
a  kind  of  tipsy  cake.     6.  in  sending  an 
invitation,  —  would  mean  a  light  meal ; 
Una  —  da   poveri,  a  modest   repast. 
7.  —  segreta,  drinking  when  there  is 
food  in  the  mouth.     8.  Esser  tutt'  una 
— ,   or  tutt'  una   —  e   un   pan   molle 
(or  pan  bagnato),  to  be  six  of  one  and 


half  a  dozen  of  the  other.  Similarly, 
Se  non  h  — ,  £  pan  molle.  9.  fig.  con- 
fusion ;  Far  tutt'  una  — ,  to  mess  a 
thing  all  up.  10.  Far  la  —  in  un  paniere, 
i.e.  to  waste  one's  labour. 

Zuppare  ;  i.  =  Inzuppare,  to  soak. 
2.  intr.  to  stay  in  the  liquid  soaking. 

Zuppata  / ;  soaking. 

Zupp-etta  dim.,  -ettina  sub-dim.,  of -a. 

Zuppi&r-a  f.  ;  tureen.  Aff.  -accia 
PeSS-i  -e"tta  -ina  dims.,  -6na  -6ne 
augms. 

Zuppina  f. ;  dim.  vezz.  of  Zuppa. 
Zuppo  ;  sync,  for  Zuppato,  soaked. 
Zurig-o;  (geogr.}  Zurich.   4^-he"se. 

*Zurlare,  *Zurrare  (L.  s-urire,  of  male  animals, 
to  be  in  rut ;  the  connections  of  the  word  are  with 
the  idea  of  sprinkling,  wetting;  cp.  O.H.G.  tur- 
augi,  running  at  the  eyes,  7'.  supra,  Verre,  etym.); 
to  be  merry,  to  play. 

*Zurlo  m. ;  skittishness.  Mettere  in  — ,  =  In- 
garzullire,  to  excite  merriment  in. 

•Zurr-are,  *-o;  v.  Zurl-are,  -o. 

Zuzzerellon-e  ;//.,  -a  /,  or  Zuzzu- 
rellon-e,  -a  (<Zurrare  by  reduplication 
of  the  first  syllable);  i.  grown-up  person 
who  takes  a  childish  delight  in  playing. 
2.  of  animals,  skittish. 


A    CONCISE 

ENGLISH-ITALIAN 

VOCABULARY 


H. 


Derivatives,  such  as  adverbs  in  -ly,  adjectives  formed 
on  similar  lines  in  both  languages  and  so  on,  are  omitted. 
If  there  should  be  a  doubt  in  the  mind  of  a  student  as  to 
the  correct  Italian  form  in  any  instance  it  can  be  cleared 
up  by  reference  to  the  corresponding  primary  word  in  the 
Italian-English  part  of  the  book. 

Words  identical  or  nearly  so  in  the  two  languages  are 
left  untranslated  and  are  marked  with  the  abbreviation  id. 


Aback ;  indietro,  in  panna. 
Take  — ,  sconcertare. 

Abacus;  abaco. 

Abaft;  indietro,  a  poppavia  di. 

Abandon  ;  abbandonare. 

Abase  ;  abbassare. 

Abash  ;  svergognare,  sconcer- 
tare. 

Abate;  i.  diminuire,  abbas- 
sare. 2.  ribassare,  ridurre. 

Abatement ;  sconto,  ribasso. 

Abattis ;  abbattuta. 

Abattoir;  ammazzatoio,  matta- 
toio. 

Abbe;  abate. 

Abbess;  badessa. 

Abbey;  badia. 

Abbot;  abate. 

Abbreviate ;  abbreviate. 

Abdicate;  rinunziare,  addicare. 

Abdomen ;  adiiome. 

Abduct;  portar  via. 

Aberdeen;  Aberdonia. 

Aberration ;  id ,  smarrimento. 

Abet ;  aiutare,  tener  mano  a. 

Abettor ;  appoggio,  fautore, 
complice. 

Abeyance ;  disuso. 

Abhor;  aborrire. 

Abhorrent ;  ripugnante. 

Abide ;  restare. 

Ability;  abilita. 

Abject ;  abietto. 

Abjure;  abiurare. 

Ablative;  ablativo. 

Ablaze ;  in  fuoco. 

Able ;  abile,  capace.  Be  — , 
potere,  esser  in  grado. 

Ablution;  abluzione. 

Ably ;  abilmente,  destramente. 

Abnegate;  rinunziare. 

Abnormal ;  anormale. 

Aboard ;  a  bordo. 

Abode;  abitazione. 

Abolish ;  abolire. 

Abominate;  abominare. 

Aboriginal ;  aborigene. 

Abort;  abortire,  sconciarsi. 

Aboukir;  Abuchiro. 

Abound :  abbondare. 

About;  i .  intorno,  attorno.  j. 
circa,  incirca.  3.  su.  4.  That 
is  —  how  it  stands,  la  batte  II, 
o  giii  di  11.  5.  Be  — ,  esser 
in  piedi.  6.  Whatareyou — ? 
che  fate?  7.  Be  —  to  do,  star 
per  fare.  8.  Bring  — ,  pro- 
durre,  cagionare.  9.  Come 
— ,  avvenire.  10.  Go  — ,  (a) 
mettersi  a,  (*)  (mnr.)  virar  di 
bordo.  1 1.  Put  — •,  (a)  metier 
in  circolazione,  (b)  perturbato, 
inquietato.  it.  Turn  and 
turn  — ,  a  vicenda. 


Above;  su,  sopra,  piu  di.  — 
all,  primadi  tutto.  —  board, 
carte  in  tavola.  —mentioned, 
suddetto,  predetto.  Up  — , 
lassu,  lassii  in  alto. 

Abrade;  radere,  scorticare. 

Abrasion  ;  id.,  scorticatura. 

Abreast;  di  fronte.  The  car- 
riage was  drawn  by  three 
horses  — ,  la  carrozza  era 
tirata  da  tre  cavalli  in  fila. 
The  troops  marched  five  — , 
le  truppe  marciavano  in  fila 
per  cinque. 

Abridge ;  scorciare,  compen- 
diare. 

Abridgment ;  sunto,  ristretto. 

Abroad;  fuori,  all' estero. 

Abrogate;  abrogare. 

Abrupt;  scosceso,  rapido,  subi- 
taneo,  brusco.  — ly  ;  di 
scatto,  di  schianto,  di  botto. 

Abscess;  ascesso,  postema. 

Abscissa;  ascissa. 

Abscond ;  fuggire,  sparire, 
scappare. 

Absent;  i.assente.  t.  dtstrat- 
to.  3.  —  oneself,  assentarsi. 

Absentee;  assente. 

Absinthe;  assenzio. 

Absolute;  assoluto. 

Absolve;  assolvere,  rilasciare. 

Absorb;  assorbire. 

Abstain;  astenersi. 

Abstemious;  astemio. 

Abstract;  t.astrarre.  ».  astrat- 
to. 

Abstruse;  astruso. 

Absurd;  assurdo. 

Abundance;  copia,  abbondan- 
za. 

Abuse;  i.  maldicenza,  impro- 
perio.  2.  abusare.  3.  in- 
giuriare,  sparlare  contro. 

Abut ;  confinare,  intestare. 

Abutment;  coscia. 

Abyss;  abisso. 

Acacia;  id.,  falsagagia. 

Academy  ;  accademia. 

Accede;  id. 

Accelerate;  accelerare. 

Accent;  id. 

Accentor;  v.  Hedge-sparrow. 

Accept ;  accettare,  aggradire. 

Acceptor;  accettante. 

Access ;  id. ,  abbordo. 

Accessary;  complice. 

Accession;  i.  avvenimento. 
2.  id.,  accrescimento. 

Accessory;  avventizio. 

Accidence;  quella  parte  di 
grammatica  che  tratta  delle 
inflessioni  delle  parole. 

Accident ;      accidente,      caso, 


avvenimento,  infortunio,  dis- 
grazia. 

Acclaim ;  acclamare. 
Acclimatise;  acclimatare. 
Acclivity;  acclivita. 
Accolade;     colpo    dato    colla 

spada  di  piatto,  sulla  spalla 

di  chi  era  fatto  cavaliere. 
Accommodate;      accomodare, 

adattare,  acconciare. 
Accommodation    bill;     cam- 

biale  di  favore. 
Accommodation  ladder;  scala 

reale,  scala  di  comando. 
Accompaniment;      accompa- 

gnamento. 

Accompany ;  accompagnare. 
Accomplice ;     complice.      To 

be  an  —  to,  tener  di  mano 

a. 

Accomplish;  compiere,  finire. 
Accomplishment;    i.   compi- 

tezza,  dote,  qualita.    i.  effet- 

tuazione,  adempimento. 
Accord ;     accordo.      Of    one's 

own  — ,  spontaneamente. 
Accordion ;  fisarmonica. 
Accost;  abbordare,  farsi  vicino 

a,  parlare  a,  venire  allato. 
Accouchement ;  parto. 
Accoucheur;  ostetrico. 
Account;     i.    conto,     calcolo; 

To  keep  — s,  tenere  i  libri. 

i.  valore,  pregio.    3.  ragione. 

4.  On  all  — s,   per  tutte   le 
ragioni ;  On  —  of,  a  cagione 
di;  Take  into  — ,  far  conto 
di;   On  no  — ,   per  nulla  al 
mondo;  Do  not  hesitate  on 
my  — ,...per   mio    riguardo. 

5.  racconto ;  By  all  — s,  da 
quanto  dicono  tutti. 

6.  considerare,  tenere  per. 

7.  —  for,  esser  responsabile, 

render  conto. 

Accountable;  responsabile. 
Accountant;  ragioniere. 
Account  book ;  libro  di  conti. 
Account  sales;  conto  di  ven- 

dita,  conto  di  netto  ricavo. 
Accoutrement ;    guarnimento, 

equipaggiamen  to . 
Accredit;  id. 
Accretion;   accrescimento,  ac- 

crezione, 
Accrue ;    derivare,    provenire. 

— d  but  not  due,  (interessi) 

accresciuti  ma  non  scaduti. 
Accumulate;  id. 
Accurate;  id. 
Accursed;  maledetto. 
Accus-ative,  — e;  id. 
Accustom ;  assuefare,  abituare, 

avvezzare. 


Ace;  asso.     Within  an  —  of, 

vicinissimo  a. 
Acerbity;  acerbita. 
Ache;   i.  dolore.     2.  dolere. 
Achieve ;    effettuare,    ottenere, 

compiere. 
Achievement ;    i .    fatto  ;  — s, 

gesta.     2.  compimento. 
Acid;  id.,  agro. 
Acknowledge ;        riconoscere, 

accusare  (ricevuta). 
Acme;  colmo,  apogeo. 
Acne;  id. 
A    cock- bill;    (ancora)    pronta 

a  cadere. 

Acolyte;  accolito. 
Aconite;  aconito. 
Acorn;  ghianda. 
Acotyledon ;  acotiledone. 
Acoustic;  acustico. 
Acquaint ;  avvertire,  awisare. 
Acquaintance ;  conoscenza. 
Acquiesce ;     contentarsi,     sot- 

lomettersi. 

Acquiescence ;  acquiescent. 
Acquirement ;     acquisto,     co- 

gnizione. 

Acquisition;  guadagno. 
Acquit;  assolvere. 
Acquittance;  quittanza. 
Acre;  v.  Ettaro. 
Acrid;  acre,  mordace. 
Acrimony;  acrimonia. 
Acrobat;  acrobata. 
Acropolis ;  acropoli. 
Across;    a   traverso,  su.     It  is 
just   —  the  street,   e  giusto 
dall'  altra  parte  della  strada. 
Go  — ,  attraversare.     It  will 
just  go  —  it,  giusto  basta  per 
attraversarlo. 
Acrostic;  acrostico. 
Act;   i.  atto,  azione,  fatto.     2. 
statute,  decreto.     3.  Caught 
in  the  — ,  col  to  in  flagrante, 
colto  sul  fatto. 

4.  fare,  agire,  operare.     5. 
rappresentare,  dare. 
Action;     i.   azione,   fatto.      2. 

processo,  lite. 
Actionable;          incriminabile, 

processabile. 

Active;  agile,  lesto,  attivo. 
Actor;  attore. 
Actual;     attuale,    reale,    effet- 

tivo. 

Actuality;  attualita,  realta. 
Actually;    realmente.     He   — 

told  me,  os6  dirmi. 
Actuary ;  contabile,  ragioniere, 

contabile  esperto. 
Actuate ;    spingere,    stimolare, 

guidare. 
Acumen ;  acume,  acutezza. 

A2 


IV 


ACUPUNCTURE— AIR-CUSHION 


Acupuncture ;  agopuntura. 
Acute;     i.     id.,    aguzzo.      2. 

sagace,  sottile. 
Adage;  adagio. 
Adamant;  adamante. 
Adapt ;  adattare,  aggiustare. 
Add;   I.  aggiungere,  unite,     2. 

sommare. 
Adder;  vipera. 
Adder's    tongue;     erba    luc- 

ciola. 

Addict  oneself ;  darsi. 
Addition ;    addizione,    giunta, 
aggiunta,    somma.       In   — , 
inoltre,  oltracci6. 
Additional;  »'</.,  nuovo,  di  pin. 
Addled ;  vuoto,  vano,  putrido. 
Address;   I.  indirizzo,  ricapito. 
2.  sagacita,  arte.     3.  indiriz- 
zare,  dirigere,  dirigere  il  dis- 
corso  a,  rivolger  la  parola  a. 
Adduce;  addurre,  aggiungere. 
Adenoid;  adenoso. 
Adept;  esperto. 
Adequate ;  bastante,  sufficente. 
Adequately ;  adeguatamente. 
Adhere;  aderire,  attaccarsi. 
Adherent;   i.   fautore,  partigi- 
ano.     2.  aderente,  attaccato. 
Adieu;  addio. 
Adipose;  id. 

Adit ;  adito,  entrata,  ingresso. 
Adjacent ;  adiacente,  contiguo. 
Adjective;  aggettivo. 
Adjoin;    confinare,    esser   con- 
tiguo. 
Adjourn;    diflerire,    riinettere, 

aggiornare. 

Adjudge;  aggiudicare. 
Adjudicate;  aggiudicare. 
Adjunct;   i.  appendice,  giunta. 

2.  aggiunto. 
Adjure;  scongiurare. 
Adjust;  aggiustare,  acconciare. 
— ing  screw,  vite  di  pressione. 
Adjutant;  aiutante. 
Administer;    i.    amministrare. 

2.  somministrare. 
Administration;     i.   governo. 

2.  amministrazione. 
Admirable;  ammirabile. 
Admiral;  ammiraglio. 
Admiralty;      ministero     della 

marina. 

Admire;  ammirare. 
Admissible ;  ricevibile. 
Admission;      i.    ammissione ; 
Ticket  of  — ,  biglietto  d'  in- 
gresso.       2.        confessione ; 
The     letter     contained     im- 
portant — s,  si  confessavano 
delle     cose     d'     iniportanza 
nella  lettera. 

Admit;  ammettere,  concedere, 
introdurre,       fate       entrare, 
permettere. 
Admittance ;  entrata,  entratura, 

ingresso. 

Admix;  mescolare. 
Admonish ;       ammonire,      ri- 

prendere. 
Admonition;       ammonizione, 

avviso. 

Ado;  affaccenducchiarsi,  affac- 
cendamento.  Much  —  about 
nothing,  un  gran  da  fare  per 
niente. 

Adobe ;  mattone  cotto  al  sole. 
Adolescence;  id. 
Adopt ;  adottare. 


Adore;  id. 

Adorn;  abbellire,  ornare. 
Adrift ;  in  deriva. 
Adroit ;  destro,  abile. 
Adulation ;  id.,  lusinghe. 
Adult ;  id.,  cresciuto. 
Adulterate;  id.,  falsificare. 
Adultery ;  adulterio. 
Adumbrate;  adombrare. 
Advance;     :.    progresso.       2. 
prestito.     3.  fare,  o  metlere, 
innanzi,   o   avanti.     4.   anti- 
cipare,     pagare     anticipata- 
mente.     5.   • — d  post,    posto 
avanzato. 

Advantage ;  vantaggio,  soprap- 
piu,    profitto,    utilita;    Take 
— ,  prevalersi. 
Advantageous ;  giovevole. 
Advantageously;     vantaggio- 

samente. 
Advent;    i.    avvento.     2.   av- 

venimento. 

Adventitious ;  avventizio. 
Adventure;  avventura. 
Adverb;  avverbio. 
Adversary;  avversario. 
Adverse;  avverso,  contrario. 
Advert;     avvertire,     riflettere, 

osservare. 
Advertise;    avvisare,    far    fare 

degli  annunzii. 
Advertisement;     avviso,     an- 

nunzio,  afnsso. 

Advertiser;    chi    fa   degli   an- 
nunzii.    Its   circulation   was 
too  small  to  attract  — s,  la 
sua   circolazione   era   troppo 
ristretta     per     attrarre     chi 
facessero  degli  annunzii. 
Advice  ;  i .  consiglio.  2.  avviso. 
Advice-boat;  avviso. 
Advise;      i.      consigliare.      2. 

avvisare. 

Advocacy ;  difesa,  apologia. 
Advocate;   i.  avvocato,  legale, 
difensore.     2.  partigiano.    3. 
difendere,  patrocinare. 
Advowson;  patronato. 
Adze;  mannaia. 
Aegean;  egeo. 
Aeolian;  eolico. 
Aerate;  aerare. 
Aereal ;  aereo.     —  perspective, 

prospettiva  aerea. 
Aesthetic;  estetico. 
Afar;  lontano,  lungi. 
Affable;  id. 

Affair ;  affare,  faccenda,  negozio. 

Affect;   affettare,  commuovere, 

attaccare     (salute),     nuocere 

(agli     interessi),     indebolire 

(le  facolta),  interessare  (!'  o- 

nore),  pretendere. 

Affectation ;  affettazione,  lezio- 

saggine. 

Affected;    i.    affetto   (da).     2. 
commosso.         3.      affettato, 
ricercato,  sdolcinato,  lezioso. 
Affecting;  commovente. 
Affection ;     affezione,     affetto, 
amore,    attaccamento,     pas- 
sione,  sentimento. 
Affectionate;    affezionato,    af- 

fettuoso,  amorevole. 
Affectionateness ;      tenerezza, 

amorevolezza. 
Affectioned ;  disposto. 
Affiance ;  lidanzare. 
Affidavit;  deposizione. 


Affiliate;  id. 

Affinity;  id. 

Affirm  ;  affermare. 

Affix;     i.   affisso.     2.   apporre, 

attaccare. 
Afflatus;  afflato. 
Afflict ;  affliggere,  tormentare. 
Affliction;     afflizione,    dolore, 

sventura,  dispiacere. 
Affluence;  opulenza. 
Affluent;  i.  id.    2.  abbondante, 

ricco. 

Afflux ;  afflusso,  affluenza. 
Afford ;  permettere,  poter  per- 
mettersi,     dare,     concedere; 
I  cannot  —  it,  i  miei  mezzi 
non  lo  permettono. 
Afforest;   imboschire,   piantare 

con  alberi  forestali. 
Affranchise ;  affrancare. 
Affray ;  rissa,  tafferuglio. 
Affright;  spaventare. 
Affront;  offesa,  affronto. 
Afield;  nei  campi. 
Afloat;    i.    galleggiante.     Get 
— ,  disincagliare.    2.  in  moto, 
in  azione,  diffuso. 
Afoot;   i.  a  piedi.     2.  in  moto, 

in  azione. 

Aforesaid ;  predetto,  suddetto. 
Aforethought ;  premeditato. 
Afraid;  spaventato,  pauroso. 
Afresh ;  da  capo,  di  nuovo. 
Aft;  all'  indietro,  dietro. 
After;  dopo,  dietro,  in  seguito 
a,  dietro  (un  model  lo),  alia. 
-   all,  alia   fine   delle   fini, 
dopo    tutto,    per    altro,    in 
sostanza.      Go     — ,     andar 
dietro,    seguire.     Look    — , 
aver  cura  di.     Take  — ,  ras- 
somigliare.     Year    --    year, 
d'  anno  in  anno. 
After  ages  ;  secoli  futuri. 
Afterbirth ;  seconda. 
After-damp;    il  gas  asfissiante 
geneiato   da   una  esplosione 
in  una  miniera. 
Afterglow ;  il  rossore  del  cielo 

dopo  il  tramontare  del  sole. 
Aftergrass ;    guaime,    seconda 

raccolta  di  erba. 
Aftermath ;  seconda  falcialura. 
Aftermost ;  piii  indietro. 
Afternoon ;  dopo  mezzogiomo. 
Afterpains;    spasimi    dopo    il 

parto. 

Afterpiece;  farsa. 
Afterthought ;  An  —  occurred 
to   me,    mi    k    sopravvenuta 
1'  idea.     It  was  only  an  — , 
era  solo  un  pensiero  che  mi  e 
sopravvenuto  dopo. 
Afterwards ;  dopo,  poi,  poscia, 

piii  tardi. 

Again;  i.  ancora,  ancora  una 
volta,  una  seconda  volta,  di 
nuovo.  2.  As  much  — , 
altrettanto,  ancora  altret- 
tanto.  3.  d'  altra  parte,  d' 
altronde,  di  piii,  parimente. 
4.  —  and  — ,  a  parecchie 
riprese.  5.  As  big  — ,  piu 
grosso  il  doppio.  6.  Once 
— ,  una  volta  di  piu.  7.  The 
word  is  often  to  be  trans- 
lated by  prefixing  ri-  to  a 
verb;  to  write  again,  ri- 
scrivere. 
Against;  contro,  all'  incontro, 


contrario    a,    in    faccia    a, 
dirimpetto,  contiguo,  presso, 
verso.      —  the  grain,  a  con- 
trappelo ;  fig.  a  malincuore. 
Agape;  con  la  bocca  aperta. 
Agate;  agata. 

Age;  i.  eta;  What  is  your — ? 
che  eta  avete?     To  be  thirty 
years  of — •,  aver  trent'  anni; 
Middle  — s,  medio  evo;   Of 
— ,  maggiorenne ;  Under  — , 
minorenne ;  To  come  of  — , 
raggiungere  1'  eta  maggioren- 
ne.    2.  invecchiare. 
Aged;  attempato. 
Agency  ;  causa,  azione,  effetto, 
intromissione,  via,  direzione, 
agenzia. 
Agenda;  id. 

Agent;    id.,   fattore,   uomo   d' 
afifari,  piazzista,  affittacamere. 
Agglomerate;  id. 
Agglutinate;  id. 
Aggrandise;  ingrandire. 
Aggravate;  id. 
Aggregate;  id. 
Aggression;  id. 
Aggrieve ;  offendere,  molestare. 
Aghast ;  atterrito,  stupefatto. 
Agile;  id. 
Agio ;  aggio. 

Agistment ;  pascolamento. 
Agitate ;  id. 
Agnail;  panereccio. 
Ago;  fa,  v.  Fare  (14). 
Agog;  operoso,  v.  Astir. 
Agonise ;  torturare,  agonizzare, 

straziare. 

Agony;  id.,  angoscia. 
Agouti ;  aguti. 
Agrarian ;  agrario. 
Agree ;    intendersi,    accordarsi, 
esser  d'  accordo,  convenire, 
rimaner  d'  accordo.     To  — 
with,  confarsi,    esser    buono 
per,     esser     del     medesimo 
parere. 

Agreeable;    i.  gradevole,  pia- 

cevole,    grato,    ameno.       2. 

a  norma  (di),  conforme  (a).    I 

am  — ,  son  disposto  a  farlo. 

Agreed  ;  inteso,  accordato,  con- 

venuto. 

Agreement;   convenzione,  pat- 
to,      accordo,     intelligenza, 
contralto,  armonia,  concerto, 
consenso. 
Agriculture ;  id. 
Agrimony;  id. 
Aground ;  incagliato,  arrenato, 

in  secco. 

Ague ;  febbre  intermittente. 
Ahead ;  avanti,  innanzi.    —  of, 
piii  avanti  di.     To  be  —  of, 
aver  oltrepassato. 
Ahoy !   ola ! 
Aid;  aiuto. 
Aide-de-camp;     aiutante    di 

campo. 

Aigrette;    i.  pennacchio,  pen- 
nine.     2.  gazza  bianca. 
Ailing ;  malaticcio.     What  ails 

him  ?   cos'  ha  ? 
Aim  ;  mira,  fine,  disegno. 
Aimless ;  senza  scopo. 
Air;     i.    aria.      2.    brezzolina 
3.    cera,   aspetto,  fare,   con- 
tegno.      4.    smorfia.      Give 
oneself — s,  fare  1'  importantc. 
Air-cushion;  cuscinetto  a  aria. 


AIR-LOCK— ANOTHER 


Air-lock ;  camera  d"  equilibrio. 
Air-pump;     pompa    ad    aria, 

macchina  pneumatica. 
Air-shaft ;    spiraglio,   condotta 
d'  aria. 

Airing;  giro,  passeggiata. 

Airy ;  arioso. 

Aisle ;  navata. 

Ait ;  isolotto. 

Aix-la-chapelle  ;  Aquisgrana. 

Aix-les-bains ;  Aix. 

Ajar;  socchiuso. 

Akimbo  ;  colle  mani  alle  anche. 
To  stand  with  the  arms  — , 
far  la  pentolaadue  maniche. 

Akin ;  i .  parente,  congiunto. 
i.  affine. 

Alabaster;  id. 

Alack !  oliime  ! 

Alacrity;  id. 

Alarm  ;  allarme.  —  bell,  cam- 
panello  dello  stormo.  — 
clock,  svegliatoio. 

Alb ;  camice. 

Albatross;  albatro. 

Albino ;  id. 

Album ;  id. 

Albumen ;  albume. 

Alchemy ;  alchimia. 

Alcohol;  alcool. 

Alcove;  i.  alcova,  nicchia. 
i.  pergolato,  frascato. 

Alder;  ontano. 

Ale ;  birrone. 

Alehouse;  birraria. 

Alee  ;  sottovento. 

Alembic ;  lambicco. 

Alert ;  vigilante,  vivo. 

Algebra ;  id. 

Algiers ;  Algeri. 

Alien ;  alieno,  estraneo,  con- 
trario,  forestiero. 

Alight;   i.  scendere.    2.  acceso. 

Align ;  allineare. 

Alike  ;  pari,  uguale,   simile. 

Aliment;  id. 

Alimony;  pensionealimentaria. 

Aliquot ;  aliquoto. 

Alive ;  vivo,  vivente. 

Alkali ;  alcali. 

All;  i.  tutto.  i.  —  but, 
eccetto,  fuorche,  quasi.  3.  — 
the  better,  meno  male.  4.  Not 
at  — ,  manco  per  sogno. 
Nothing  at  — ,  niente  affatto. 

Allay ;  calmare,  indolcire. 

Allegation;  id. 

Allege ;  allegare. 

Allegiance ;  fedelta. 

Allegory  ;  id. 

Alleviate;  id. 

Alley ;  vicolo,  viale. 

Allied  ;  alleato. 

Alligator ;  id. 

Alliteration;  id. 

Allocate  ;  assegnare. 

Allocution ;  id. 

Allopathic ;  id. 

Allot ;      distribuire,      spartire, 

assegnare. 

Allow  ;   i .  permettere,  lasciare. 

i.  ammettere.    3.  diffalcare. 

4.    assegnare.       5.     —    for, 

tener  conto  di. 

Allowable ;  ammissibile. 

Allowance ;      i .      danaro    da 

saccoccia,     abbono,      prov- 

vigione.      2.    sconto,  difFal- 

co.      3.     indulgenza,    scusa. 

4.      Monthly     — ,     mesata  ; 


Weekly  — ,  provvisionesetti- 
manale,  settimana. 
Alloy;   i.  lega.     2.  allegare. 
All  Saints'  Day  ;  ognissanti. 
Allspice ;  pimento. 
Allude;  id. 

Allure;  attrarre,  allettare. 
Allusion ;  id. 
Alluvium;  alluvione. 
Ally;   i.  alleato.     2.  collegare. 
Almanac;  id. 
Almighty;  onnipotente. 
Almond;  mandorla. 
Almoner;  elemosiniere. 
Almost ;  quasi,  presso  che. 
Alms;  elemosina. 
Almshouse;  ospiziopeipoveri, 

casa  di  ricovero. 
Aloe;  id. 

Aloft ;  su,  sopra,  in  alto. 
Alone;  solo.     Leave — ,  lasciar 
stare,    finirla,    non    toccare. 
Let    well  — ,    il    meglio    e 
nemico  del  bene. 
Along ;    lungo,   lunghesso.     — 

with,  con,  unitamente  a. 
Alongside ;  accanto  a,  accoslo, 

bordo  a  bordo. 
Aloof;      a      distanza,       lungi, 

lontano,  alia  larga. 
Aloofness ;    indifferenza,    ma- 

niere  difficili. 

Aloud ;  ad  alta  voce,  forte. 
Alp;  id. 
Alpaca ;  id. 
Alpenstock;  id, 
Alpha ;  alfa. 
Alphabet;  alfabeto. 
Alphabetical  note-book;   re- 

pertorio. 

Alpine ;  alpestre,  alpigiano. 
Already ;  gia,  di  gia. 
Also ;     pure,     anche,     altresl, 

eziandio. 
Altar;    id.      High    — ,   altare 

maggiore. 

Altar-cloth;  paliotto. 
Altar-piece ;  pala,  ancona. 
Alter;  id.,  cambiare. 
Altercation;  id.,  diverbio. 
Alternate  ;  i.  alterno.    2.  avvi- 
cendare,     alternare,     succe- 
dersi. 
Alternately ;    id.,    vicendevol- 

mente. 
Although ;     benche,    sebbene, 

quantunque,  ancorche. 
Altitude;  altitudine. 
Alto;  id. 
Altogether ;    interamente,    in- 

sieme,  insomnia,  affatto. 
Altruistic;  id. 
Alum  ;  allume. 
Alumina ;  allumina. 
Alumnus ;  alunno. 
Alveolar;  id. 
Always  ;  sempre. 
Amadou ;  esca. 
Amain ;  con  forza. 
Amalgam  ;  amalgama. 
Amanuensis;  amanuense. 
Amaranth;  amaranto. 
Amass  ;  ammassare. 
Amateur;  amatore,  dilettante. 
Amatory ;  id. 
Amaze;    stupire,    sgomentare, 

confondere. 

Amazon ;  ammazzone. 
Ambassador;  atnbasciatore. 
Amber;  ambra. 


Ambergris ;  ambra  grigia. 
Ambidextrous ;  ambidestro. 
Ambiguous ;  ambiguo. 
Ambit ;  ambito,  giro. 
Ambition ;  id. 
Amble;    i.  ambio.     i.  andare 

a  passo  d'  ambio. 
Ambrosia;  id. 
Ambulance;  id. 
Ambuscade ;     imboscata,    ag- 

guato. 

Ameer;  emiro. 
Ameliorate ;  migliorare. 
Amenable ;  disposto  a  ubbidire. 
Amend ;  emendare,  migliorare. 
Amendment;  i .  emendamento. 

t.  riforma,  miglioramento. 
Amends ;      compensa,      risar- 

cimento,   riparazione. 
Amenity;  id. 
Amerce ;  multare. 
Americanise ;  id. 
Amethyst ;  ametista. 
Amiable ;  amabile,  gentile. 
Amicable;  amichevole. 
Amice ;  amitto. 
Amid ;  in  mezzo  a. 
Amidships  ;  a  mezza  nave. 
Amiss;   male.     Take  — ,  aver 

a     male.       Something     — , 

(jualche  cosa  di  male. 
Amity ;  amicizia. 
Ammonia ;  ammoniaca. 
Ammonite ;  id. 
Ammunition ;  munizioni. 
Amnesty ;  amnistia. 
Amomum ;  amomo. 
Among;  fra,   tra,  in  mezzo  a, 

presso. 

Amorous;  id. 
Amorphous ;  amorfo. 
Amount;     i.     montante,    im- 

porto,   somma.      2.  amrnon- 

tare,  ascendere. 
Amour;  amoreggiamento. 
Amphibious;  anfibio. 
Amphictyons;  anfizioni. 
Amphora;  anfora. 
Ample ;  ampio,  largo. 
Amplify ;  amplificare. 
Amputate ;  id. 
Amuck ;  Run  — ,  fare  il  frene- 

tico,     combattere     all'     im- 

pazzata. 
Amulet ;  id. 
Amuse ;     divertire,     dilettare, 

intrattenere,  svagare. 
Amusement;    passatempo,  di- 
vertimento, spasso. 
Anabaptist ;  anabattista. 
Anachronism  ;  anacronismo. 
Anacoluthon ;  anacoluto. 
Anaconda ;  id. 
Anaemia;  anemia. 
Anaesthesia;  anestesia. 
Anagram ;  anagramma. 
Anal ;  anale. 
Analecta;  analetti. 
Analogy;  id. 
Analysis ;  analisi. 
Anapest ;  anapesto. 
Anarchy ;  id. 
Anastomosis ;  anastomosi. 
Anathema;  anatema. 
Anatomy ;  id. 
Ancestor ;  antenato,  avo. 
Ancestry ;  antenati,  prosapia. 
Anchor ;  ancora. 
Anchorite;  anacoreta. 
Anchovy ;  acciuga. 


Ancient ;  antico,  anziano. 
Ancillary ;    servente,    subordi- 
nate. 

And;    e.      Poorer    —   poorer, 
sempre  piu  povero.     By  — 
by,  piu  tardi. 
Andalusian  quail ;  quaglia  tre 

unghie. 

Andiron ;  alare. 
Anecdote ;  aneddoto. 
Anemone ;  id.    Sea  — ,  attinia. 
Anent ;  circa,  riguardante. 
Aneroid;  id. 
Aneurism ;  id. 
Anew  ;  di  novo,  da  capo. 
Angel;  id. 
Angelus;  ave  Maria. 
Anger ;  collera,  stiz/a. 
Angle;    i.    angolo,  canto;  — 

iron,   ferro    d'   angolo,    can- 

toniere.       2.    pescare     (col- 

1'  amo). 
Anglican;  id. 
Angry ;  in  collera,  impermalito, 

stizzito,       iracondo,      iroso, 

sdegnoso.    Grow — ,  adirarsi. 
Anguish ;  angoscia. 
Angular ;  angolare. 
Anhydrous;  anidro. 
Anights ;  di  nottetempo. 
Aniline ;  id. 
Animadversion;  id. 
Animadvert ;  censurare. 
Animal,  Animalcule ;  id. 
Animality;  id. 
Animal-painter;  animalista. 
Animate ;  animare. 
Anise  ;  anace,  anice. 
Aniseed;  anici. 
Anisette;  id. 
Ankle ;  caviglia,  noce  del  piede. 

—  deep,  sino  alia  caviglia. 
Annals ;  id. 

Anneal ;  ricocere,  temperare. 
Annealing ;  ricotta. 
Annex;   i.  annesso.     2.  unire, 

attaccare,    congiungere,   an- 

nettere. 

Annexation  ;  annessione. 
Annihilate ;  annichilare. 
Anniversary;  id. 
Annotate;  id.,  chiosare. 
Announce;  annunciare. 
Annoy;   annoiare,  seccare,  in- 

comodare,   dar  fastidio,  im- 

pacciare. 
Annoyance ;    tormento,    noia, 

seccatura,  incomodo,  fastidio, 

impaccio,  uggia. 
Annual;  id. 
Annuitant;     chi   gode   di   un 

reddito  annuale. 
Annuity ;      assegno     annuale. 

Government  — ,  rendita  sullo 

Stato. 

Annul;  annullare. 
Annular ;  anulare. 
Annulate ;  anellato. 
Annulose;  anelloso. 
Annunciation;  id. 
Anodyne;  anodino. 
Anoint ;  ungere,  unguentare. 
Anomalous;  anomalo. 
Anomaly;  id. 
Anon  ;  fra  poco.     Ever  and  — , 

ogni    tanto,    di    quando    in 

quando. 

Anonymous;  anonimo. 
Another;  unaltro.    In  —  way, 

diversamente.      By  —  way, 


VI 


ANSWER— ARMPIT 


per  un'  altra  via.     Just  such 
— ,  uno  affatto  uguale.    They 
hate  one  — ,  si  detestano  1"  un 
1'  altro. 
Answer;    i.    replica,   risposta. 

2.  rispondere,       replicare. 

3.  (cant. (soddisfare.    4.  esser 
mallevaciore.     5.  riuscire. 

Answerable ;  responsabile,  ga- 
rante,  conforme. 

Ant ;  formica. 

Antagonist;  id. 

Antarctic ;  antartico. 

Anteater ;  formichiere. 

Antecedent;  ;'</. 

Antechamber ;  anticamera. 

Antedate ;  fare  una  scrittura 
con  antidata. 

Antediluvian ;  antidiluviano. 

Antelope;  antilope. 

Antemeridian  ;  antimeridiano. 

Antenna ;  id. 

Antenuptial ;  antinuziale. 

Antepenultimate ;  antipenul- 
timo. 

Anterior ;  id. 

Anteroom ;  anticamera. 

Anthelmintic ;  antelmintico. 

Anthem ;  antifona. 

Anther  ;  antera. 

Ant-hill ;  formicaio. 

Anthology;  antologia. 

Anthracite ;  antracite,  litan- 
trace. 

Anthrax ;  antrace. 

Anthropology ;  antropologia. 

Anthropomorphous ;  antro- 
pomorfo. 

Anthropophagous;  antropofa- 
go- 

Anticlimax ;  gradazione  in- 
vertita  o  a  rovescio. 

Antics ;  burle,  sgambettate, 
smorfie,  moine,  lezi,  gesti 
ridicoli  o  grotteschi. 

Antidote;  antidoto. 

Antimacassar ;  poggiacapo, 
volter,  velo  da  poltrona. 

Antimonarchical ;  antimo- 
narchico. 

Antimony ;  antimonio. 

Antipathy  ;  antipatia. 

Antiphon ;  antifona. 

Antipodes ;  antipodi. 

Antiquary;  id. 

Antiquated ;  antiquato. 

Antique ;  antico. 

Antiquity;  antichita. 

Anti-scorbutic;  id. 

Antiseptic ;  antisettico. 

Anti-social ;  /,/. 

Antithesis;  antitesi. 

Antitype ;  antitipo. 

Antlers ;  palchi. 

Ant-lion ;  formicaleone. 

Antwerp;  Anversa. 

Anvil ;  ancudine. 

Anvil -block;  ceppod' ancudine. 

Anxious ;  ansioso,  inquieto, 
preoccupato. 

Any;  i.  del;  Have  you  — 
gloves  ?  avete  dei  guanti  ? 
2.  nessuno  ;  Without  —  ex- 
ception, senza  nessuna  ecce- 
zione.  3.  qualunque  ;  Come 
at —  time,  venite  a  qualunque 
ora.  4.  ogni  ;  —  man  who, 
ogniuomoche.  5.  chichessia. 
6.  qualche.  7.  ne ;  If  you 
have  — ,  se  ne  avete. 


Anybody ;     qualcuno,    taluno, 

chiunque,      chichessia. 

can  do  it,  tutti  possono  farlo. 

Was  there  —  there  ?     c'era 

gente  ? 
Anyhow ;     in    ogni    caso,    in 

qualsiasi  modo. 
Anything ;  qualchecosa,  alcuna 

cosa.     —   you  please,  tutto 

ci6  che  vorrete. 
Anywhere ;  dovunque,  dove  che 

sia,  in  qualche  luogo. 
Aorist;  id. 

Apace ;  presto,  a  passi  concitati. 
Apart ;    da   parte,  in   disparte, 

da  canto,  da  banda,  separata  - 

mente,  lungi,  lontano. 
Apartment ;  stanza,  camera. 
Apartments ;  appartamento. 
Apathetic ;  apatistico,  apatico. 
Apathy;  apatia. 
Ape ;     i .     scimmia,    habbuino, 

macaco,  bertuccia  ;  Dog  — , 

scimmiotto.    2.  scimmiottare, 

contraffare. 

Aperient ;  id.,  aperitive. 
Aperture ;  id. 
Apex;  apice,  cima. 
Aphaeresis;  aferesi. 
Aphorism ;  aforismo. 
Aphthae  ;  afte. 
Apiary;  id. 

Apiece  ;  a  testa,  per  uno. 
Apocalypse ;  apocalisse. 
Apocrypha;  libri  apocrifi. 
Apogee;  apogeo. 
Apologise ;   scusarsi,   chiedere 

scusa. 

Apologue;  apologo. 
Apology;  id.,  difesa,  scusa. 
Apoplectic  ;  apoplettico. 
Apoplexy;  apoplessia. 
Apostasy;  id. 
Apostate ;  apostata. 
Apostle ;  apostolo. 
Apostrophe ;  apostrofe. 
Apostrophise ;  apostrofare. 
Apothecary ;    farmacista,    spe- 

ziale. 

Apotheosis ;  apoteosi. 
Appal ;  spaventare,  atterrire. 
Appanage ;  appannaggio. 
Apparatus ;     apparato,    appa- 

recchio,  corredo. 
Apparel;  vestimenti,  abiti. 
Apparent ;  id.,  evidente.    Heir 

— ,    erede    presuntivo.     To 

be  — ,  parere,  comparire. 
Apparition ;  id. 
Apparitor;  id.,  messo. 
Appeal;  appello,  ricorso. 
Appealing ;  supplicante. 
Appear ;  apparire,  presentarsi, 

mostrarsi,  sembrare,   parere, 

comparire. 
Appearance ;    apparita,    com- 

parsa,    apparenza,     aspetto, 

sembianza,  aria.     At  first  — , 

a  prima  vista. 
Appease ;      calmare,     placare, 

acquietare. 
Appellant ;  id. 
Appellation;    id.,    denomina- 

zione. 

Append;  id. ,  apporre. 
Appendage ;  aggiunta,  appen- 

dice,  annesso. 
Appertain ;     appartenere,     ri- 

ferirsi. 
Appetising;  appetitoso. 


Appetite;  id.,  brama. 
Applaud ;     applaudire,   appro- 

vare. 

Applause ;  plauso,  applauso. 
Apple ;     mela.       Cooking    — , 

mela  da  cucinare.     —  peel, 

buccia  di  mela.  — tree.melo. 
Appliance ;      mezzo,    apparec- 

chio. 
Apply;      i.     applicare,    porre, 

dirigere,    rivolgere,     indiriz- 

zare.      i.    —  oneself,  dedi- 

carsi.       3.      aver    rapporto. 

4.    adattarsi.       5.    ricorrere. 

6.   —  the  brake,   metier  in 

gioco  il  freno. 
Appoint ;    i .    fissare,  stabilire. 

2.  nominare.     3.  assegnare. 
4.  — ed,  equipaggiato. 

Appointment;  i.  nssazione, 
scelta,  designazione.  i.  im- 
piego,  collocamento,  tissato. 

3.  Make  an  — ,  fissare  un 
convegno    o   appuntamento, 
appuntare. 

Apportion ;   distribuire,  scom- 

partire,   proporzionare. 
Apportionment;  distribuzione, 

spartimento,  riparto. 
Apposite;  id.,  acconcio. 
Appositely ;    a   proposito,  ac- 

conciamente,  a  taglio. 
Appraise ;  valutare,  stimare. 
Appraisement ;      valutazione, 

cstimo,  slima,  perizia. 
Appraiser ;    stimatore,    perito, 

commissario. 
Appreciate;      i.     apprezzare, 

pregiare.      i.   aumentare   di 

valore.     3.  gustare,  see  also 

Andare  (5). 
Apprehend;    i.  prendere,  co- 

gliere,  arrestare.     2.  temere. 

3.  capire.     4.  credere,  sup- 

porre. 
Apprehension;    i.    presa,  ar- 

resto.  i.  timore.apprensione. 

3.  concetto,  concepimento. 
Apprentice;      i.    apprendista, 

novizio.    2.  collocare,  metier 

a  novizio. 

Apprenticeship ;  tirocinio,  no- 
vizio. 
Apprise ;  avvertire,  far  sapere, 

prevenire. 
Approach ;    i.   avvicinamento, 

accostamento.       2.    accesso. 

3.  (mil.)    — es,    approcci. 

4.  avvicinarsi,     accostarsi, 
approssimare. 

Approbation ;  approvazione. 

Appropriate;  i.  proprio,  ac- 
concio. 2.  appropriarsi. 

Approve  ;  approvare,  aver  per 
buono. 

Approver;  (leg.)  denunciatore, 
malfattore  che  si  fa  graziare 
facendosi  testimonio  contro  i 
suoi  complici. 

Approximate;  approssimativo. 

Apricot ;  albicocca. 

April;  id. 

Apron ;  i.  grembiule.  t.  — 
of  a  dock,  piedritti  o  salienti 
di  un  bacino. 

Apropos ;  a  proposito. 

Apse ;  abside. 

Apt;  i.  atto,  adatto,  acconcio. 
2.  pronto,  intelligente.  3. 
proclive,  inclinato. 


Aptitude  ;    attitudine,  disposi- 

zione. 
Aptness ;  attezza,  adaltezza, 

acconcezza,  giustezza. 
Aquatic  ;  acquatico. 
Aqueduct;  acquedotto. 
Aquiline ;  id. 
Arabesque;  rabesco. 
Arable ;  arabile. 
Arbitration ;  arbitrate.    By  — , 

arbitralmente. 
Arbitrator;  arbitro. 
Arbor  vita;  ;  albero  della  vita. 
Arbour ;  frascato,  pergolato. 
Arbutus;  corbezzolo. 
Arc  ;  arco. 

Arcade  ;  arcata,  volta,  galleria. 
Arch;    i.    arco,  arcata,   volia. 

2.  furbo,  malizioso.     3.  ma- 
tricolato,     di     prima     riga. 
4.  inarcare,  archeggiare,  fab- 
bricare  a  volta,  incurvarsi. 

Archaeology;  archeologia. 
Archaic ;  arcaico. 
Archangel ;  arcangelo. 
Archbishop ;  arcivescovo. 
Archdeacon ;  arcidiacono. 
Archduke ;  arciduca. 
Arched ;  arcato,  curvo,  inarcato. 
Archer;  arciere. 
Archery  ;  tiro  all'  arco. 
Archetype;  archetipo. 
Archipelago ;  arcipelago. 
Architect ;  architetto. 
Architrave ;  id. 
Archon ;  arconte. 
Archway ;  passaggio,  arcato. 
Arctic;  artico. 
Arcturus ;  Arturo. 
Ardent,  Ardour ;  id. 
Arduous;  arduo. 
Area;    i.    id.     2.    sotterraneo 

aperto  al  cielo  intorno  ad  un 

edifizio. 
Arena;  id. 
Areola;  id. 

Argillaceous ;  argillaceo. 
Argosy ;  bastimento  mercantile 

da  lusso. 
Argue ;    disputare,   contestare, 

argomentare,  arguire. 
Argument ;  i.  argomento,  con- 

troversia,  ragione.     2.    som- 

mario. 
Arid;  id. 
Arise;  i.  levarsi,  alzarsi, satire, 

sorgere.     2.  nascere,  soprav- 

venire,  provenire,  derivare. 
Aristocrat ;  aristocratico. 
Arithmetic;  arimmetica. 
Ark ;  area. 
Arm;     i.    braccio.      2.    arma. 

3.  armare,  munire. 
Armadillo;  id.,  tatu. 
Armagh ;  Armacco. 
Armament,  Armature ;  id. 
Armchair  ;   sedia  a  bracciuoli, 

ciscranna,  poltrona. 
Armful;  bracciata. 
Armistice ;  armistizio. 
Armless ;  monco  delle  braccia. 

senza  braccia. 
Armorial     bearings;       arme 

gentilizia,  stemma. 
Armour ;     armatura,    corazza- 

tura. 

Armour-bearer ;  scudiero. 
Armourer;  armaiolo. 
Armoury;  armeria. 
Armpit;  ascella. 


ARMS— AUGURY 


vn 


Arms,    i.   armi.     2.    stemma, 

arme  gentilizia. 
Army ;  esercito,  oste. 
Army-corps;  corpo d' armata. 
Arnica;  id. 
Arnotto ;  oriana. 
Aroma;  id. 

Around ;  attorno,  intorno. 
Arquebuse;  archibugio. 
Arrack;  arac. 
Arraign  ;  citare  in  giudizio. 
Arrange  ;    accomodare,  aggiu- 
stare,    arrangiare,    disporre, 
divisare,     assettare,     combi- 
nare,  intendersi  (con). 
Arrant ;    famigerato,   di   prima 

riga. 

Arras ;  arazzo. 

Array;      i.     corteo,     mostra. 
2.    ordine,   schiera.      3.    or- 
nare,  abbigliare. 
Arrear;  arretrato. 
Arrest ;      arrestare,     fermare, 

sostare. 

Arrive ;  arrivare,  giungere. 
Arrogant ;  id. 
Arrow;  freccia,  saetta. 
Arrowhead;  (hot.)  sagittaria. 
Arrowroot ;       fecola     Indiana 

commestibile,  arrowroot. 
Arse  ;  culo. 
Arsenal ;  id. 

Arson  ;  delitto  d'  incendiario. 
Art;  id. 
Artery ;  id. 
Artesian  ;  id. 
Artful ;  artificioso,  astuto,  abile, 

destro. 

Artichoke ;  carciofo.  Jeru- 
salem — ,  topinambur, 
taitufo  bianco. 

Article;     i.  articolo.     2.  clau- 
sola,  condi/ione,  punto,  capo,  • 
regolamento.    3.  — s  of  war, 
codice  militare.     4.   Leading 
— ,articolodifondo.  5.  collo- 
cate.   6.  — d  clerk,  scrivano. 
Articular,  Articulate ;  id. 
Artifice ;  artifizio. 
Artificer;  artefice,  fabbricante. 
Artiller-y,    -1st ;     artiglier-ia, 
-ista.       Siege  — ,  artiglieria 
d'  assedio.      Field  — ,  arti- 
glieria dicampagna.     Heavy 
— ,  artiglieria  grossa. 
Artilleryman  ;  artigliere. 
Artisan ;  artigiano. 
Artist;  id. 

Artless ;  ingenuo,  semplice. 
Art  union;  societa  d'  incorag- 

giamento  delle  Belle  Arti. 
Arum  ;  aro. 

As;  i.  come,  siccome,  quale, 
mentre,  poiche  ;  —  we  were 
writing,  mentre  scrivevamo; 
—  it  is  so,  poiche  e  cos). 
2.  a  titolo  di.  3.  — a  friend, 
da  amico.  4.  —  you  love 
your  life,  se  vi  e  cara  la  vita. 
5.  Do  —  I  bid  you,  fate  cio 
the  vi  dico.  6.  Known  — 
a  brave  man,  conosciuto  per 
bravo.  7.  —  a  token  of, 
in  segno  di.  8.  —  ...  — , 
tanto. . .  quanto.  9.  —  far  — , 
fino  a.  ro.  —  for,  —  to, 
quanto  a,  per.  11.  —  it 
weie,  per  cosl  dire.  12.  — 
often  — ,  sempre  che,  ogni 
volta  che,  tosto  che,  subito 


che.  13.  —  soon  — ,  ap- 
pena  che,  tosto  che.  14.  — 
well  — ,  tanto... che,  anche; 
You  ate  to  go  as  well  as  we, 
tanto  voi  che  noi  dovete 
andare,  or  noi  dobbiamo  an- 
dare  ed  anche  voi.  15.  — 
yet,  ancora,  per  anco.  16.  — 
the  poets  say,  secondo  i  poeti. 
17.  Just  — ,  a  misura  che, 
man  mano  che,  proprio 
quando. 

Asbestos ;  asbesto,  amianto. 
Ascend;  id.,  salire,  risalire. 
Ascendancy ;    ascendente,  in- 
fluenza, autorita. 
Ascension ;  id. 
Ascent;    salita,    pendio,    erta, 

costa,  acclivita,  montata. 
Ascertain ;      accertarsi,     assi- 
curarsi,  constatare,  verificare, 
determinare. 

Ascertainable ;  accertabile. 
Ascetic ;  id.,  asceta. 
Ascribe ;  ascrivere. 
Ash;   i.  cenere.     t.  frassino. 
Ashamed ;     vergognoso,    con- 
fuso.        To     be     — ,      aver 
vergogna. 

Ash-box,  -pan ;  portacenere. 
Ash-coloured;     cenerognolo, 

cenerino. 
Ash-hole;       condotto      della 

cenere. 

Ashlar;  concio. 
Ashore ;    a    terra,   sulla    riva. 

Go  — ,  sbarcare. 
Ashpit ;  cenerario. 
Ash  Wednesday ;   Meocoledi 

delle  ceneri. 
Ashy;  cenerino. 
Aside ;  a  parte,   da  parte,  da 
banda,    in    disparte.     Turn 
— ,  voltarsi  da  parte,  altrove. 
Asinine ;  id. 

Ask ;    i .    chiedere,  domandare 
a,   interrogare.     2.  invitare  ; 
—  to  dinner,  convitare,   in- 
vitare a  pranzo. 
Askance  ;  in  isbieco,  a  traverse. 
Askew  ;  a  traverso,  a  storto. 
Asking ;  richiesta,  domanda. 
Aslant ;  obliquamente. 
Asleep  ;  addormentato. 
Asp ;  aspide. 
Asparagus;  sparagio. 
Aspect ;  aspetto,  apparenzn. 
Aspen ;  tremula. 
Asperity ;  id. 
Aspersion;  calunnia. 
Asphalt;  asfalto. 
Asphodel;  asfodelo. 
Asphyxia ;  asfissia. 
Aspic ;  carne  o  pesce  freddo  in 

gelatina. 
Aspirant ;  id. 
Aspirate;    i.    lettera  aspirata. 

i.  (surg.)  aspirare. 
Aspire ;  aspirare,  agognare. 
Aspiring;  ambizioso. 
Ass;  asino,  somaro.     Wild  — , 

onagro. 

Assafetida;  id. 
Assail;  assalire. 
Assassin  ;  id. 
Assault ;  assnltn. 
Assay ;  saggio,  prova. 
Assegai ;  zagaglia. 
Assemblage ;     riunione,    con- 
corso,  adunamento. 


Assemble ;  riunire,  adunare. 
Assembly ;     assemblea,     adu- 

nanza. 
ssent;    consentire,  assentire. 

—  to,  riconoscere  per  vero. 
Assert ;  asserire. 
Assess ;  tassare. 
Assessor ;       assistente,     con- 

sigliere  aggiunto. 
Assets ;  attivo. 
Asseverate ;  id. 
Assiduous ;  assiduo. 
Assign  ;    assegnare,   designare, 

delegare. 
Assignation ;     appunto,    con- 

vegno. 
Assignee ;  cessionario,  manda- 

tario,       curatore,      sindaco. 

Official  — ,  giudice  commis- 

sario  del  fallimento. 
Assignment;  cessione. 
Assimilate ;  id. 
Assist ;  id.,  aiutare. 
Assistance ;  aiuto,  soccorso. 
Assizes ;  assise. 
Associate;  i.  compagno,  socio. 

2.   associare,  praticare,  bazzi- 

care. 

Assort;  assortire,'c]assare. 
Assortment ;  assortimento. 
Assuage ;  calmare,  alleviare. 
Assume ;    id.,  prendere,  affet- 

tare,    fingere,    arrogarsi,    ri- 

vestire,  supporre,  ammettere. 
Assumption ;    assunzione,  as- 

sunto,  supposizione. 
Assurance ;    i.    certezza,  assi- 

curazione.     2.  arditezza. 
Assure ;  assicurare,  asserire. 
Assured ;  sicuro,  certo. 
Aster;  astero. 
Asterisk;  asterisco. 
Astern  ;  a  poppa,  indietro. 
Asteroid ;  id. 
Asthma;  asma. 
Astir ;  in  piedi,  attivo,  operoso. 
Astonish ;  stupire,  stordire. 
Astonishing  ;  sorprendente. 
Astonishment ;  stupore,  mera- 

viglia,  sorpresa. 
Astound ;    sbalordire,    stupire, 

stordire. 
Astounding;  stupendo,  sbalor- 

ditivo. 

Astragal ;  id. 
Astral ;  id. 
Astray;   fuor  di   via,   traviato. 

Go  — ,   fuorviaie,   smarrirsi. 
Lead  — ,  sviare,  deviare. 
Astride ;  accavatcioni. 
Astringe ;  id. 
Astrology;  id. 
Astronomer ;  astronomo. 
Astronomy;  id. 
Astute ;  id.,  furbo. 
Asunder ;  in  due  parti. 
Asylum  ;  asilo,  casu  di  ricovero, 

spedale,  istituto. 
Asymmetrical ;  asimmetro. 
Asymptote;  asintote. 
At ;  a,  ad,  contro,  in,  da,  di,  in 
casa    da,    presso,   vicino   a. 
Not  —  all,  punto.     —  hand, 
vicino.     —   least,   al   meno. 

—  once,  subito,  alia  prima. 
-  one   blow,   tl'   un    colpo. 

—  sea,  sul  mare      What  are 
you  —  ?  che  fate  ?    Shoot  — , 
tirar  su. 

Atavism  ;  id. 


Atheist ;  ateo. 

Athirst ;  assetalo,  siiibondo. 

Athlete ;  atleta. 

Athwart;  a,di, or  per  traverso. 

Atlas  ;  atlante. 

Atmosphere ;  atmosfera. 

Atom ;  id. 

Atone  for ;  risarcire,  far  com- 

penso  di,  espiare. 
Atonement ;  espiazione. 
Atop  ;  in  cima,  su. 
Atrocious ;  atroce. 
Atrophy ;  atrofia. 
Attach;     i.    attaccare,    unire. 
2.  affezionare.     3.  staggire. 
Attache ;  addetto. 
Attachment;  i.  attaccamento. 

».  affetto. 

Attack  ;  attaccare,  assalire. 
Attain ;    ottenere,   conseguire, 

pervenire  a. 

Attainment;  i.  consegui- 
mento,  acquisto.  2.  in  //. 
cognizioni. 

Attaint;  privare dei  diritti civili. 
Attar ;  essenza  di  rose. 
Attemper ;  temperare. 
Attempt;    i.  tentative,  prova, 
saggio,    sforzo.      2.    tentare, 
provare,  cercare. 
Attend;  id.,  accudire, compiere, 
assistere,   accompagnare,  in- 
tervenire,  badare,  far  atten- 
zione,  provvedere,  recarsi. 
Attendance ;     servizio,    assis- 

tenza,  intervento. 
Attendant ;     servitore,     inser- 

viente,  cameriera. 
Attention  ;  id.,  riguardo. 
Attentive  ;   attento,   intento  a, 
ufficioso,  sollecito,  assiduo. 
Attenuate ;  id.,  assottigliare. 
Attest ;  id. 
Attic;  soffitta. 
Attire  ;  abbigliamento. 
Attitude  ;  id.,  atteggiamento. 
Attorney ;     avvocato,     legale, 

procuratore. 

Attract  ;  attrarre.  —  the 
attention  of,cattivare  1'  atten- 
zione  di. 

Attraction;  attrazione,  vezzu. 
Attribute;   i.  attribuire,  ascri- 
vere.    2.  attributo. 
Attrition ;  id.,  tritamento. 
Attune  ;  accordare. 
Auburn ;  castagno  chiaro. 
Auction ;  incanto,  asta. 
Auctioneer ;  banditore,   perito 
stimatore   nelle   aste,   grida- 
tore,  agente. 
Audacious;  audace. 
Audible  ;  udibile,  alto,  sonoro. 
Audibly ;  ad  alta  voce,  in  modo 

da  esser  inteso. 

Audience ;  udienza,  uditorio. 
Audit;  i.  esame  d'  un  conto, 
verificazione,     revisione.     2. 
verificare,  rivedere. 
Auditor;    r.  uditore.     2.  veri- 
ficatore.controllore,  revisore. 
Auger ;  trivella,  succhiello. 
Aught ;     chechessia,     qualche 
cosa.      For  —  I   know,  per 
quanto  io  sappia. 
Augment;   i.  aumento.     2.  ac- 

crescere,  aumentare. 
Augsburg;  Augusta. 
Augur ;  id. 
Augury;  id.,  pronostico. 


V1I1 


AUGUST— BALL-AND-SOCKET   JOINT 


August ;  i .  agosto.    2.  augusto. 
Aunt ;  zia.     Great  — ,  prozia. 
Aural ;  auricolare. 
Auricle ;  (anat.)  auricola. 
Auricula  ;  orecchio  d'  orso. 
Auriferous;  aurifero. 
Aurist ;   chirurgo  per  le  orrec- 

chia,   medico   degli  orecchi, 

otoiatra. 
Aurora;  id. 
Auscultate;  ascoltare. 
Auspices ;  auspizi. 
Auspicious;  auspicate. 
Austere ;  id. 
Authentic;  autentico. 
Author;  autore. 
Authorise ;  autorizzare. 
Authoritative  ;  autorevole. 
Authority ;  autorita. 
Authorship,     i.   Of  uncertain 

— ,      d'       incerto       autore. 

2.  scherz.  paternita. 
Autobiography;  id. 
Autocar;  automobile. 
Autochthonous ;  autoctono. 
Autocrat ;  autocrata. 
Autograph ;  autografo. 
Automaton  ;  automa. 
Automobile ;  id. 
Autopsy ;  necroscopia. 
Autumn;  autunno. 


Auvergne ;  Alvernia. 

Auxiliary ;  ausiliare. 

Avail ;  i .  profitto,  avantaggio, 
utilita.  Of  what  —  is  it? 
a  che  serve  ?  Without  — , 
inutile.  2.  profittare  a, 
giovare  a.  3.  to  —  oneself, 
profittare,  servirsi. 

Availability ;  capacita  per 
giovare.  Its  —  is  doubtful, 
e  incerto  se  vi  sia  modo  di 
valersene. 

Available ;  profittevole,  utile, 
servibile,  valevole,  alia 
mano,  sotto  raano. 

Avalanche  ;  valanga. 

Avaricious;  avaro. 

Avast !  basta  !  ferma  ! 

Avaunt !  indietro  ! 

Avenge ;  vendicare. 

Avens ;  erba  benedetta. 

Avenue;  viale. 

Aver ;  aflfermare. 

Average  ;  i .  medio  ;  The  — 
Englishman,  la  media  de- 
gl'  Inglesi ;  The  —  person, 
il  comune  delle  persone. 
2.  avaria ;  —  adjuster,  perito 
regolatore  d'  avaria. 

Averse ;  avverso,  contrario. 


Aversion ;  id.,  ripugnanza. 
Avert ;  sviare,  allontanare. 
Aviary;  uccelliera. 
Aviator,  — ation  ;  id. 
Avidity;  id. 
Avocation  ;  mestiere. 
Avocet ;  avocetta. 
Avoid;  evitare,  schivare,  scan- 

sare,  sfuggire. 
Avoidance ;  scampo. 
Avouch  ;  dichiarare. 
Avow ;     confessare,    dichiarare 

apertamente. 
Avowedly ;  apertamente,  schiet- 

tamente,  da  confessione   sua 

propria. 
Avulsion ;  strapparaento,  svel- 

lere. 

Await ;  attendere,  aspettare. 
Awake ;      i .     sveglio,     desto. 

2.    svegliare,  destare. 
Awakening ;  risveglio. 
Award;    i.   sentenza,  giudizio. 

2.    aggiudicare,  decretare. 
Aware  ;    informato,   avveduto, 

prevenuto,  avvertito,  al  cor- 

rente,  istrutto. 
Awash  ;  affiorante. 
Away ;     via,    lontano,     lungi, 

fuori,  assente. 


Awe ;  tema,  riverenza.  Keep 
in  — ,  tenere  a  segno.  Stand 
in  — ,  stare  con  soggezione. 

Awful ;  terribile,  maestoso.  An 
—  cold,  un  raffreddore  da 
cane. 

Awfulness ;  carattere  terribile. 

Awhile  ;  un  momento,  qualche 
tempo. 

Awkward ;  goffo,  sguaiato, 
malaccorto,  scortese,  dis- 
graziato,  imbarazzato. 

Awkwardly  placed;  in  una 
posizione  imbarazzante. 

Awl ;  lesina,  punteruolo. 

Awn;  barba. 

Awning ;  tenda,  padiglione. 

Awry  ;  storto,  di  traverse. 

Axe;  scure,  accetta,  ascia, 
mannaia. 

Axilla;  ascella. 

Axiom  ;  assioma. 

Axis ;  asse. 

Axle  ;  asse,  albero,  sala,  assile. 

Axle-box  ;  boccola  del  grasso. 

Axle-journal ;  fuso. 

Aye  aye  ;   sicuro,  va  bene. 

Azalea;  id. 

Azimuth  ;  azzimutto. 

Azure ;  azzurro. 


B 


Babble ;  ciarlare,  chiacchierare. 
Babbler;  ciarlone. 
Baboon ;  babbuino. 
Baby ;    bambino,    bimbo,    par- 

golo.  -     clothes,     fasce, 

pannolini. 

Bacchanalian ;  baccanale. 
Bacchante  ;  baccante. 
Bachelor;  scapolo,  celibe. 
Bachelor's  buttons ;  licnide  o 

simile  a  fiore  doppio. 
Back;    i.   dietro,   indietro;    A 

little  time   — ,    poco   tempo 

fa.        2.      dorso,       schiena. 

3.    schienale.       4.    rovescio. 

5.    fondo,   sfondo.      6.   turn 

one's    —    upon,    volger    le 

spalle  a. 

7.  secondare,  appoggiare. 

8.     trarre     indietro,     indie- 

treggiare,      girare       (vento) 

contro    il    sole.      9.    scom- 

mettere  per.      10.    to  — •  (a 

bill),  controfermare. 
Backbite;  diffamare,  sparlare, 

maledire. 

Backbiter;  maldicente. 
Backblow ;  rovescione. 
Backbone ;  spina  dorsale,  fil 

delle  reni. 
Back  comb ;  pettine  del  nodo 

dei  capelli,  retropettine. 
Back  court ;  retrocortile. 
Backdoor;   porta  di  dietro,  o 

di  servizio,  retroporta. 
Backer;   partigiano,  appoggia- 

tore.  His  — s,  i  suoi. 
Back-fire ;  controcolpo. 
Backgammon;  sbaraglino,  ta- 

vola  reale. 
Backgammon-board;      tavo- 

liere. 


Background;  i.  fondo,  sfondo. 

2.    in    the   — ,    all'    ombra, 

nell'  oscurita. 
Back     hair;      i.    retrocapelli, 

capelli    di    dietro.      i.    zaz- 

zera. 

Backhanded;  rovescioni. 
Backhander ;   colpo  di   roves- 
cio. 
Backing;  i.  indietreggiamento, 

rinculo.      2.    sostegno,    ap- 

poggio. 

Back  kitchen  ;  retrocucina. 
Back    number;    vecchio     nu- 

mero. 
Back  parlour;  sala  di  dietro, 

retrosala. 

Back  premises ;  interno. 
Back  room;  retrocamera, retro- 
stanza,  stanza  o  camera  che  da 

sul  cortiletto. 
Back  seat;    posto   di    dietro, 

posto  di  fondo,  retrosedia. 
Back  settlements ;   v.  Back- 
woods. 
Backshish ;    donativo,   mancia 

(nell'  Oriente). 
Back  shop ;  retrobottega. 
Backside ;  deretano. 
Backsight ;  alzo. 
Backsliding ;      ricaduta      nel 

peccato. 
Back  slums ;    bassi   quartieri, 

bassi  fondi. 

Backstairs ;  scala  di  servizio. 
Backstays ;  paterassi. 
Back  stitch  ;  punto  indietro. 
Back  street ;  stradicciola. 
Back  tricks ;  date  d'  addietro. 
Backward;      i.       tardivo,     in 

ritardo  ;    2.  svogliato. 
Backwardation ;  deporto. 


Backwardness;    i.  stato  arre- 

trato,  sviluppo   tardivo.     2. 

svogliatezza. 
Backwards;  indietro,  addietro, 

all'  indietro. 
Backwoods ;  foreste. 
Back  yard ;  retrocortile. 
Bacon ;  lardo. 
Bad ;  cattivo,  malvagio,  triste, 

brutto,      vizioso,      dannoso, 

malsano. 

Badge  ;  insegna,  segno,  placca. 
Badger;      i.    tasso.       2.     tor- 
men  tare. 

Badinage ;  scherzo,  burla. 
Badly ;  male,  malamente. 
Badness ;     cattiveria,     cattiva 

qualita. 
Baffle ;    sconcertare,    sventare, 

mandare    a    monte,    sviare, 

frustrare. 
Bag ;   i.  sacco,  sacchetto,  sacca, 

bisaccia,     borsa,    balla.       2. 

presa.    3.  insaccare,  gonfiare, 

mettere  in  sacco.  4.  prendere. 
Bagatelle ;      bagattella,     mis- 

cea,  niente. 
Baggage;    i.   bagaglio.    2.  ba- 

gascia. 
Bagging;     i.     tela  da  sacco. 

2.  insaccatura. 
Bag-hook ;  falcino. 
Bagman ;    commesso   viaggia- 

tore. 
Bagnio;     i.     stabilimento    di 

bagni.     2.  bordello. 
Bagpipe  ;  cornamusa,  piva. 
Bah  !  Ohib6  ! 
Bail;    i.   sicurta,   mallevadore, 

cauzione.        i.      metter     in 

libertk  contro  cauzione. 
Bailee;  depositario. 


Bailer ;  v.  Baler. 

Bailiff;     agente    (di     polizia), 

fattore,  gastaldo. 
Bait;     i.     esca,    allettamento. 

2.  irritare,    stuzzicare,    tor- 
mentare.     3.  rinfrescare  (ca- 
valli). 

Baize ;     baietta.      Green    — , 

tappeto  verde. 
Baize  door;    controporta  (co- 

perta  di  baietta). 
Bake  ;  cocere,  sottestare. 
Bake-house ;  forno. 
Baker;  fornaio,  panettiere. 
Baking;  cottura. 
Balance;  i.  bilancia,  bilancio, 

equilibrio.        2.     Trial     — , 

bilancio      di      verificazione. 

3.  bilanciare,  pesare,  saldare, 
pareggiare  (conti). 

Balance-sheet ;   bilancio,    fo- 

glio  di  bilancio. 
Balancing;  bilanciamento. 
Balcony;  balcone,  terrazzino. 
Bald;   i.  calvo,  spelato.    2.  nu- 

do,  secco  (stile). 
Balderdash ;  frottole. 
Baldness;  calvizie. 
Baldrick;  balteo. 
Bale;    i.   balla,  fascio,  mazzo. 

2.  vuotar  1"  acqua. 
Baleful ;  funesto,  triste. 
Baler;     votazza,    sassola,   got- 

tazza. 
Balk;    i.   trave.      ».  frustrare, 

sventare,  impedire. 
Ball;   i.  palla.globo.    2.  gomi- 

tolo  (di  spago).     3.  festa  da 

ballo.     4.  appallottolarsi. 
Ballad  ;  ballata,  canzone. 
Ball-and-socket  joint ;  snoda- 

tura  sferica,  nocella. 


BALLAST— BEARING 


IX 


Ballast;     i.    zavorra,    ballas. 

2.  zavorrare,  inghiaiare. 
Ball   bearings ;     cuscinetti   a 

sfere. 
Ball-cock ;     chiave    a    galleg- 

giante. 

Ballet;  balletto. 
Ball-lever ;  leva  a  contropeso. 
Balloon;  pallone. 
Balloonist ;  aeronauta. 
Ballot ;     i .    palla,    pallottolina 

(per   votare).      2.    scrutinio. 

3.  Second  — ,  ballottaggio. 

4.  ballottare. 
Ballot-box ;      urna,     bossolo 

dello  scrutinio. 
Ball-room  ;  sala  da  hullo. 
Ball-valve;    valvola    pallata, 

valvola  sferica. 
Balm;    i.  balsamo.    2.  cedron- 

ella. 

Balmy;  balsamico. 
Balsam;   i.  balsamo.     ^.   bal- 

samina. 

Baluster;  balaustro. 
Balustrade ;  balaustrata. 
Bamboo  ;  bambu. 
Bamboozle  ;  minchionare,  im- 

brogliare  il  cervello  a,  ingan- 

nare,  abbindolare. 
Ban;      i.     bando,    scomunica. 

2.  maledire,  interdire. 
Banana;  banano. 

Band;  I.  benda,  striscia,  lista, 
fascia  (per  ferite),  cordone 
(da  cappello),  legame,  vin- 
colo.  i.  banda,  musica. 

3.  compagnia.       4.    —  to- 
gether, collegarsi. 

Bandage;     i.    benda,    fascia, 

fasciatura.     2.   bendare,  fas- 

ciare. 

Bandbox ;  scatola  di  car- 
tone. 

Band  brake  ;  freno  a  nastro. 
Bandit ;  bandito,  brigante. 
Band-master ;  capobanda. 
Bandolier ;  bandoliera. 
Bandoline;     acqua    viscosa   e 

aromatica  pei  capelli. 
Bandore  ;  mandola. 
Bandsman;  bandista. 
Bandy;  rimandare,  scambiare. 
Bandy-legged ;    storto,    dalle 

gambe  storte. 
Bane;   sventura,  flagello,  rovi- 

na. 

Baneful ;  funesto,  triste. 
Bang;  t.  botta.colpo.     t.  bat- 

tere,  bastonare.     3.  chiudere 

rumorosamente. 
Bangle  ;  anello  da  polso  o  da 

gamba. 
Banish ;  bandire,  esiliare,  cac- 

ciare. 

Banishment ;  bando,  esilio. 
Banister;  balaustro. 
Banjo  ;  chitarra  dei  negri. 
Bank;  i.  riva,  sponda,  argine. 

4.    banca,   banco.      3.   argi- 

nare. 

Bank-book ;  libretto  di  banca. 
Banker ;  banchiere. 
Banking-house ;     casa     ban- 

caria. 

Bank-note ;  bigliettodi  banca. 
Bankrupt;     fallito.       To    be 

made  — ,  esser  dichiarato  in 

fallimento.     To  go  — ,   far 

bancarotta. 

H. 


Bankruptcy ;  fallimento. 

Banner;  bandiera,  stendardo. 

Banns;  bandi. 

Banquet ;  banchetto,  convito. 

Banter;  i.  burla,  beffa.  2.  bur- 
lare,  canzonare. 

Bantling ;  marmocchio. 

Banyan ;  fico  d'  India. 

Baobab ;  id.,  adansonia. 

Baptism;  battesimo. 

Baptistery;  battistero. 

Baptize;  battezzare. 

Bar;  i.  barra,  sbarra,  stanga, 
spranga.  2.  secca.  3.  bat- 
tuta.  4.  barriera.  5.  banco 
(d'  osteria).  6.  collegio  degli 
avvocati.  7.  sbarrare.  8.  es- 
cludere. 

Barb ;  punta,  spina. 

Barbarian ;  barbaresco. 

Barbarous;  i.  barbaro.  2.  inu- 
mano. 

Barbecue;  far  arrostire  (un 
animale)  per  intero. 

Barbed;  dentato,  uncinato. 

Barbel;  barbio. 

Barber ;  barbiere. 

Barberry;  crespino. 

Barbican;  barbacane. 

Bard;  id. 

Bare  ;  i .  nudo,  scoperto,  spo- 
gliato.  2.  magro,  mingher- 
lino.  3.  nudare. 

Barebacked ;  a  bisdosso. 

Barefaced;  sfacciato. 

Barefooted ;  scalzo. 

Barege;  barese. 

Bareheaded;'  colla  testa  sco- 
pe rta. 

Barelegged;  colle  gambe  nude. 

Barely;  poveramente,  appena, 
giusto  giusto. 

Barenecked ;  col  collo  nudo. 

Bargain;  i.  patto,  accordo, 
convenzione,  afiare,  mercato. 
2.  patteggiare,  pattuire, 
stiracchiare,  contrattare.  3. 
Into  the  — ,  di  soprappiu, 
per  soprammercato. 

Barge ;  barca,  scialuppa,  bar- 
cone. 

Barge  board  ;  tavola  sotto  la 
grondaia  d'  un  tetto. 

Bargee;  battelliere,  barcaruolo. 

Baritone;  id. 

Bark;  i.  scorza,  corteccia. 
i.  barco.  3.  abbaiare, 
latrare. 

Barley  ;  orzo.  Pearl  — ,  orzo 
perlato.  —  sugar,  zucchero 
d'  orzo.  —  water,  tisana 
d'  orzo. 

Barm ;  lievito. 

Barmaid ;  servitora  di  birraria. 

Barman  ;  garzone  di  birraria. 

Barn  ;  capanna,  granaio. 

Barnacle;  bernacola. 
Barometer ;  id. 
Baron-ess,  -et;  id. 
Baronetcy ;    dignita  di   baro- 

netto. 

Barony ;  baronia. 
Barouche ;  baroccio. 
Barrack;  caserma. 
Barrage ;  barraggio. 
Barrel;    t.   banle.      2.  canna, 
cilindro.      3.    cannetta    (da 
penna).  4   tamburo.    5.  cam- 
pana  (dell1  argano).     6.  im- 
barilare. 


Barrel-organ;  organetto. 
Barren ;  sterile,  arido,  infertile. 
Barricade;  i.  barricata.  2.  bar- 

ricare. 

Barrier ;  barriera,  limite. 
Barrister ;       avvocato     patro- 

cinante. 
Barrow;     i.    barella.      2.    tu- 

mulo. 

Barter ;  cambio,  baratto. 
Basalt ;  /,/. 
Bascule;  basculla. 
Base;      i.      id.,    fondamento, 

zoccolo.piedestallo.  2.  barra. 

3.  fondare,  imbasare. 
Baseball ;     giuoco     americano 

giocato    (come   il    'cricket') 

con   palla    e   'bat'  ma   tut- 

t'  affatto diverse  dal  'cricket.' 
Base-born ;  bastardo. 
Baseless ;      senza     base,     in- 

fondato. 
Base-minded ;      dall'     animo 

basso,  sordido. 
Baseness;  bassezza. 
Bashaw ;  pascia. 
Bashful ;       vergognoso,      mo- 

desto. 
Basil;  i.  v.  Bevel.    2.  basilico. 

3.   bazzana. 
Basilica;  id. 
Basilisk ;  id. 
Basin ;    bacino,    bacile,    vasca, 

catino,  scodella. 
Basin-stand;  portacatino. 
Basis ;  base. 
Bask;  scaldarsi. 
Basket;   cesta,  paniere,  cesto, 

canestro,  sporta,  gerla,  zana, 

canestrino,  canestrello,  spor- 

tella. 

Basket-maker;  panieraio. 
Bas-relief;  bassorilievo. 
Bass;     i.     basso.       2.     tiglio. 

3.  pesce  persico  marino. 
Bassinet ;  culla. 
Bassoon ;  bassone. 
Bast ;  tiglio. 
Bastard;  id. 

Bastardize ;  imbastardire. 
Bastardy ;  bastardigia. 
Baste;  i.  imbastire.     2.  spruz- 

zare  (!'  arrosto). 
Bastille ;  Bastiglia. 
Bastinado ;  bastonare. 
Bastion ;  id. 
Bat;     i.    maglio.      2.    mazza, 

mazzeranga.      3.   pipistrello. 
Batch ;  infornata. 
Bated  ;  With  —  breath,  a  voce 

bassa. 
Batfowling ;  To  go  — ,  frugno- 

lare. 
Bath ;  hagno,  tinozza.    Hip  — , 

semicupio. 

Bath  chair ;  carrozzella. 
Bathe;  bagnarsi. 
Bathing  establishment;  sta- 

bilimento  di  bagni. 
Bath-room  ;  sala  da  bagno. 
Bating;  salvo. 

Batsman;  al giuoco  di 'cricket'; 
chi    percuote    la    palla    col 

'bat,'  specie  di  maglio. 
Battalion ;  battaglione. 
Batten;      j.     asse,     assicella, 
tavoletta,     listello.       2.    in- 
grassarsi. 

Batter;     i.    farinata,   frittella. 
2.    battere.     3.  curvare. 


Battering-ram ;  ariete. 
Batter-pudding;  focaccia  con 

uova. 

Battery;    i.  id.     2.  pila. 
Battle ;  r.  battaglia,  combatti- 

mento;  In — array,  schierato. 

2.  lottare,  combattere. 
Battle-axe ;  azza. 
Battledore;  racchetta. 
Battlement;  merlo. 
Bauble ;      bagattella,     giocat- 

tolo. 
Baulk;     i.    legno    riquadrato, 

trave.    i.  casa.    3.  impedire, 

v.  Baffle. 

Bawd;  mezzano,  rufnano. 
Bawdy;  osceno. 
Bawdy-house ;  bordello. 
Bawl;  vociare,  sbraitare,  stril- 

lare,  gridare. 
Bay;    i.  baia,  seno.     2.  lauro. 

3.  vano  (di  finestra).    4.  baio. 
5.  abbaiare.     6.  Keep  at — , 
tenere  a  bada. 

Bayonet;  baionetta. 
Bay-salt;  sale  nero. 
Bay-window;  finestra  spor- 

gente. 

Bazaar;  bazar. 
Be;  essere. 
Beach ;  spiaggia,  lido. 
Beacon;        i.      faro,     fanale. 

2.  gavitello. 

Bead;    i.  grano.     2.   perlina, 

perla,   pallottolina. 
Beading;  astragalo. 
Beadle;  bidello,  messo. 
Beadsman ;  monaco,  interces- 

sore. 

Beagle  ;  specie  di  bracco. 
Beak;  i.  becco.     2.  sperone. 
Beaker;  coppa,  tazza. 
Beam;     i.    raggio.      2.   trave, 

baglio.     3.  brillare,  raggiare. 

4.  on  its  —  ends,  ingavonato. 
Bean ;     i .     fava  ;     Broad    — , 

fava  ortolana ;  Horse  — , 
fava  da  foraggio.  2.  fagi- 
uolo.  3.  French  — s,  fagio- 
lini. 

Bean  goose ;  oca  granaiola. 

Beanstalk  ;  fusto  di  fave. 

Bean  trefoil ;  laburno  fetido. 

Bear;    i.   orso.      2.  ribassista. 

3.  sostenere,      sopportare, 
portare.     4.  avere.      5.   am- 
mettere,  comportare.     6.   re- 
sistere.  7.  tener (compagnia). 

8.  metier almondo,  partorire. 

9.  —     along,     trascinare. 

10.  —     down,    abbassare. 

11.  —  oneself,  comportarsi. 

12.  —     off,     porlar     via. 

13.  —  out,  giustificare,  con- 
fermare.     14. — down  upon, 
avvicinarsi  a.     15.  —  upon, 
riferirsi  a. 

Bearbind ;  vilucchio. 

Beard;  i.  barba.  2.  affrontare, 
sfidare. 

Bearded;  barbuto. 

Beardless;  imberbe. 

Bearer;  r.  porta-tore  -trice, 
latore.  i.  sostegno,  por- 
tante. 

Bearing;  i.  portante.  2.  por- 
tamento, contegno,  piglio. 
3.  cuscinetto.  4.  ball  — s, 
cuscinetti  a  sfere  ;  roller  — s, 
cuscinetti  a  rulli. 

B 


BEARING-REIN—BETROTHED 


Bearing-rein ;  imbrigliatura. 
Bearish ;  da  orso,  rozzo. 
Bear's  grease ;   grasso  d'  or- 
so. 

Bear-skin ;  pelle  d'  orso. 
Beast ;  bestia,  bruto. 
Beastly ;  bestiale,  sporco. 
Beat;    i.    battere,   percuotere, 

bastonare.  2.  vincere,  sorpas- 

sare.      3.    —  down,  far   ri- 

bassare.     4.  —  in,  sfondare. 

5.  —  off,  respingere.     6.  — 

up,  (a)  battere,  (*)  andare  in 

cerca  di.    7.  bordeggiare.    8. 

battuta.    9.  colpo  (di  tambu- 

ro).    10.  ronda.     n.  battito. 
Beater;  battitore. 
Beatify;  beatifkare. 
Beau ;  elegante,  bellimbusto. 
Beautiful ;    bello,   vago,    leg- 

giadro. 

Beautify;  abbellire,  ornare. 
Beauty;  bellezza,  vagherza. 
Beauty-spot ;  neo. 
Beaver;  castoro. 
Becalmed  ;  preso  dalla  calma. 

Be  — ,  restare  in  bonaccia. 
Because ;    perche,   perciocche, 

in  causa  (di). 
Become;     i.    convenire,    star 

bene,     ».     Stare     (i,     *). 

i.    diventare,   divenire.      3. 

What  will  —  of  me?    che 

sara  mai  di  me? 
Becoming ;    convenevole,   de- 

cente,  die  sta  bene. 
Bed;      i.    letto.       i.    strato. 

3.  take  to  one's  — ,  mettersi 

a  letto.     4.  piantare.     5.  go 

to  — ,  coricarsi. 
Bedaub ;      macchiare,     impia- 

strare. 
Bed-clothes;      lenzuola,     co- 

perte. 
Bedding ;  biancheria  da  letto, 

letto  (d'  un  animate). 
Bedeck;  abbellire. 
Bedew ;  umettare,  inaffiare. 
Bedfellow ;    compagno  di  let- 
to. 

Bedizened ;  rinfronzolito. 
Bedlam ;         manicomio        (di 

Londra). 

Bed-linen;  biancheria  da  letto. 
Bedmaker;  cameriera. 
Bedraggle ;  inzaccherare. 
Bedridden  ;  obbligato  a  letto. 
Bedroom  ;  camera  da  letto. 
Bedside ;  sponda  del  letto. 
Bedstead;  lettiera. 
Bedstraw;  caglio. 
Bed-time ;  ora  di  coricarsi. 
Bee ;    i .   ape,  pecchia.    2.  riu- 

nione. 

Beech ;  faggio. 
Beech-marten;  faina. 
Beech-mast;  faggiola. 
Bee-eater;  grottaione. 
Beef;  manzo,  carne  di  bove. 
Beefsteak;  bistecca. 
Beehive ;  arnia,  alveare. 
Bee  orchis;  pecchie. 
Beer-;  birra. 

Beer-engine ;  pompa  di  birra. 
Beer-house;  birraria. 
Beer-shop;  bettola. 
Beery;  briacone. 
Beestings;  colostra- 
Beeswax  ;  cera. 
Beet;  bietola. 


Beetle;  i.  scarafaggio  ;  Bury- 
ing— ,  necrofago.  2.  maglio, 
mazzeranga. 

Beetle-browed ;  dalle  folte 
ciglia. 

Beetling ;  strapiombante,  spor- 
gente,  irto. 

Beetroot ;  barbabietola. 

Befall ;  accadere. 

Befit ;  addirsi. 

Befogged;  annebbiato. 

Before;  i.  prima,  avanti,  in- 
nanzi  (a),  davanti,  in  presenza 
di,  sotto  gli  occhi  di. 

2.  primieramente,   anticipa- 
tamente.      3.   anziche,  piut- 
tosto  che. 

Beforehand  ;  v.  Before  (2). 
Before-mentioned ;  succitato. 
Befoul ;  sporcare. 
Befriend;  favorire,  proteggere, 

aiutare,  mostrarsi  amico  di. 
Beg;  i.  v.  Ask.     2.  accattare, 

mendicare. 

Beget ;  procreare,  ingenerare. 
Beggar;  i.  accattone,  pitocco, 

pezzente.        2.    impoverire. 

3.  To  —  description,  non 
poter  descriversi. 

Beggarly ;  vile,  miserable. 

Beggar-my-neighbour;  strug- 
gicuore. 

Beggary ;  miseria,  indigenza. 

Begging;  accattonaggio.mendi- 
cita. 

Begin ;  cominciare,  principiare, 
iniziare,  incominciare,  met- 
tersi a,  esordire. 

Beginner;  principiante,  novi- 
zio. 

Beginning ;  principio,  esordio, 
origine,  primo  passo. 

Begirt ;  cinto,  circondato. 

Begone  !  via  di  qua  ! 

Begrime ;  annerire. 

Begrudge  ;  portar  invidia  a. 

Beguile;  i.  ingannare,  se- 
durre.  2.  far  passare 
(tempo). 

Behalf;  On  —  of,  nell'  in- 
teresse  di. 

Behave ;  comportarsi,  con- 
dursi,  agire.  -  like,  fare 
il. 

Behaved  ;  Well  — ,  bencreato, 
costumato.  Ill  — ,  malcreato. 

Behaviour ;  condotta,  porta- 
mento. 

Behead ;  decapitare. 

Behest ;  comando. 

Behind;  i.  dietro,  indietro, 
addietro,  per  di  dietro. 
2.  dopo,  in  ritardo.  3.  in 
groppa(a  cavallo).  4.  dere- 
tano. 

Behindhand ;  tardivo,  arre- 
trato. 

Behold;  i.  vedere,  scorgere, 
mirare,  guardare.  2.  ecco  ! 

Beholden ;  obbligato,  debitore. 

Behoof;  vantaggio. 

Behove ;  convenire,  occorrere, 
importare,  bisognare. 

Being ;  essere.  Call  into  — , 
chiamare  alia  vita.  Supreme 
— ,  ente  supremo.  In  — , 
vigente,  in  vita.  For  the 
time  — ,  pel  tempo  attuale. 

Bejewelled ;  ingioiellato. 

Belabour ;  bastonare,  battere. 


Belated;      i.      troppo     tardo. 

2.  sorpreso  dalla  notte. 
Belay;  attaccare. 
Belch;  ruttare.     -—  out,   erut- 

tare. 

Beldame;  vecchiaccia. 
Beleaguer ;  assediare. 
Belfry ;  campanile. 
Belie ;  smentire. 
Belief;       credere,       opimone, 

credenza. 

Believe  ;  credere,  prestar  fede. 
Believer;  credente,  fedele. 
Belike;  probabilmente. 
Belittle ;     impiccinire,    attenu- 

are. 
Bell ;  campana,  sonaglio,  cam- 

panella. 

Belladonna ;  id. 
Belle;  bella  o  vaga  donna. 
Belles  lettres ;  belle  lettere. 
Bell-founder;      fonditore     di 

campane. 
Bell-glass;    campana  di  giar- 

dino. 

Bell-hanger;  metti-campanelli. 
Bellicose;  id. 
Belligerent ;  id. 
Bellisle;  Bellisola. 
Bell-mouthed ;  slargato. 
Bellow ;  mugghiare,  mugire. 
Bellows ;  soffietto,  mantice. 
Bell-rope;    cordone    di    cam- 

panello. 

Bell-turret ;  campaniletto. 
Belly ;  pancia,  ventre. 
Belly-ache;     colica,    mal    di 

ventre. 

Belly  band ;  sottopancia. 
Bellyful ;  corpacciata. 
Belong;  appartenere,  spettare, 

concernere. 
Belongings;     i.     dipendenze. 

2.  cio  che  si  possiede,  roba. 
Beloved;  caro,  diletto,  amato. 
Below;  sotto,  al  di  sotto,  giu, 

in  giu. 
Belt ;     cinghia,     cintura,     cin- 

turino,  fascia,  coreggia,  zona. 
Belvedere;  id. 
Bemire ;  infangare. 
Bemoan  ;  compiangere. 
Bemuddle  ;  confondere. 
Bench  ;  banco,  panca,  scranna. 
Bencher ;  membro  della  giunta 

del  Collegio  degli  avvocati. 
Bend;  i.  curvare,  piegare, 

chinare,       tendere       (arco). 

2.  curvatura,  piegatura,  fles- 

sione,    giro,    sinuosita.       3. 

banda.     4.  nodo. 
Beneath ;  sotto,  di  sotto,  al  di 

sotto,  giu,  a  basso. 
Benedictine ;  benedettino. 
Benediction ;  benedizione. 
Benefaction ;  benefizio. 
Benefactor ;  benefattore. 
Benefice  ;  benefizio. 
Beneficed ;  benefiziato. 
Beneficent ;    benefice,  genero- 

so. 

Beneficiary ;  beneficiato. 
Benefit;    i.    beneficio,    utilita, 

utile.     2.    giovare,   far  bene 

a.     3.    profittare,  fare  il  suo 

pro. 

Benefit-night ;  beneficiata. 
Benefit    society ;     societa    di 

mutuo  soccorso. 
Benevolent;  benevole. 


Bengal ;  Bengala. 
Benighted ;       sorpreso      dalla 

notte. 

Benign  ;  id.,  favorevole. 
Benignity;  id.,  dolcezra. 
Bent;      i.     curvato,     piegato. 

2.     propenso,    risoluto.      3. 

china,  disposizione. 
Bent  grass ;  capellini. 
Benumb ;  intirizzire,  aggran- 

chire. 
Bequeath;     legare    per  testa- 

mento. 

Bequest ;  legato,  lascito. 
Bereave ;  privare,  spogliare. 
Bereavement ;  privazione,  per- 

dita. 

Berlin ;  Berlino. 
Bernicle  goose;  oca  a  faccia 

bianca. 

Berry ;  grano,  bacca,  coccola. 
Berth;      i.     posto,      impiego. 

2.  luogo     d'     ancoraggio. 

3.  amarrare. 
Beryl ;  berillo. 
Besancon  ;  Besanzone. 
Beseech ;    implorare,   scongiu- 

rare. 

Beseem  ;  convenire. 
Beset ;  assediare,  circondare. 
Besetting  sin  ;   vizio  invetera- 

to. 

Beshrew  me  !  Maledetto  ! 
Beside  ;  accanto,  accosto,  pres- 

so.     —  oneself,  fuor  di  se. 
Besides;   inoltre,   d'  altronde, 

di  piii,  oltro  (che),   eccetto, 

all'  infuori  di,  senza  contare 

(che). 

Besiege;  assediare. 
Beslime ;  macchiare. 
Besmear;  imbrattare,  sporcare. 
Besmirch ;  lordare. 
Besom ;  scopa. 
Besotted ;  istupidito. 
Bespangle;  cospargere. 
Bespatter ;  inzaccherare,  spruz- 

zare. 
Bespeak ;  ordinare,  ingaggiare, 

ritenere,  far  fare. 
Bespeckle ;  macchiettare. 
Besprinkle ;      spruzzare,     co- 
spargere. 
Best ;    migliore,    ottimo.       As 

adv.,  meglio. 
Bestial;  id. 

Bestir  oneself;  ingegnarsi. 
Bestow;        dare,      presentare, 

spendere,     accordare,     con- 

ferire. 

Bestowal ;  dono. 
Bestride  ;  accavalciare,  stare  a 

cavalcione. 
Bet;   i.  scommessa.     2.  scorn - 

mettere. 

Betake  oneself;  applicarsi. 
Bethink  oneself;   considerare, 

ricordarsi. 

Bethlehem  ;  Betlemme. 
Betide ;  accadere,  avvenire. 
Betimes ;  per  tempo. 
Betoken ;  significare. 
Betony;  bettonica. 
Betray;   i .  tradire,  denunciare. 

2.  mostrare. 

Betroth ;  fidanzare,  impalmare. 
Betrothal ;  promessa  in  matri- 

monio. 
Betrothed ;      promesso     (spu 

so). 


BETTER— BLOOD-HOUND 


XI 


Better;  i.  meglio.  2.  mi- 
gliore.  3.  migliorare-  4. 
get  the  —  of,  superare,  sor- 
passare. 

Betters;  superior!. 

Between ;  fra,  tra,  in  mezzo  a. 

Bevel ;  i .  falsa  squadra, 
smusso.  2.  a  sghembo,  a 
cuneo.  3.  tagliare  a  sghem- 
bo. 

Bevelling ;  ugnatura. 

Bevel  wheel ;  ruota  ad  angolo. 

Beverage ;  beveraggio,  be- 
vanda. 

Bevy ;  stuolo,  nuvolo,  crocchio, 
branco. 

Bewail;  rimpiangere,deplorare. 

Beware ;  guardarsi,  stare  al- 
1'  erta. 

Bewilder;  sviare,  imbrogliare, 
sbalordire. 

Bewitch ;  ammaliare,  affasci- 
nare. 

Bewitching ;  incantevole. 

Beyond;    i.  oltre,  di  la  di,  al 
di  sopra  di.     2.  laggiu. 

Bezel ;  castone. 

Bias;  pregiudizio,  inclinazione, 
prevenzione. 

Biassed;  pregiudicato. 

Bib ;  bavaglino,  babaiola. 

Bible ;  bibbia. 

Biblical;  biblico. 

Bibliography;  id. 

Bibulous  ;  che  beve,  spugnoso. 

Bicarbonate;  id. 

Biceps;  bicipite. 

Bicker;  leticare. 

Bicycle;  bicicletta. 

Bid;  i.  comandare,  dire,  ordi- 
nare.  2.  invitare.  3.  offrire. 
4.  offerta. 

Bidder ;  offerente.  Highest—,- 
maggior  offerente. 

Bidding ;  comando,  offerta. 

Bide ;  aspettare. 

Bidentate;  id. 

Biennial;    i.  id.     i.  bienne. 

Bier;  bara,  cataletto. 

Bifid;  id. 

Bifurcate;  biforcare. 

Big ;  grosso,  grande. 

Bigamous ;  bigamo. 

Big-bellied;  panciuto. 

Biggin ;  brocca. 

Bight;  i.  seno,  insenatura. 
2.  doppino. 

Bigot ;  bigotto,  bacchettone. 

Bigoted ;  bigotto. 

Bilateral;  id. 

Bilberry ;  mortella,  mirtillo. 

Bilboes ;  ferri  da  punizione. 

Bile;  id. 

Bilge;  i.  centina  del  fondo. 
2.  sentina. 

Bilge-cock;  robinettoperalla- 
gare  la  sentina. 

Bilged ;  sfondato,  aperto  nel 
fondo. 

Bilge-water  ;  acqua  della  sen- 
tina. 

Bilingual;  bilingue. 

Bilious;  id. 

Bilk ;  trufTare,  scroccare. 

Bill;  i.  conto,  nota.  2.  annun- 
zio,  affisso,  appigionasi, 
cartellone.  3.  —  of  fare, 
distinta.  4.  disegno  o  pro- 
getto  di  legge.  5.  polizza. 
o.  fattura.  7.  cambiale. 


8.    —  of  health,  patente  di 

sanita.     9.  —  of  indictment, 

atto   d'  accusa.      10.   becco, 

rostro.       1 1 .    darsi    beccate, 

carezzarsi.      12.  affiggere  av- 

visi. 

Bill-book;  scadenziere. 
Bill-broker ;       mediatore      in 

cambi. 

Bill-discounter;  scontista. 
Billet;     i.    bono    d'   alloggio. 

2.    ceppo   da   bruciare.      3. 

posto.       4.    alloggiare   con 

bono, 

Bill-hook ;  pennato,  roncola. 
Billiard-ball;  palla  da  biliardo. 
Billiard-marker ;  biscazziere. 
Billiards;  biliardo. 
Billiard-table ;  biliardo. 
Billingsgate;  parlare  dapesci- 

vendola. 

Billion ;  biglione. 
Billow ;  maroso. 
Billy;  paiolo. 
Bin;  madia. 
Binary;  binario. 
Bind ;  legare,  attaccare.    —  up, 

fasciare,avvolgere.  — down, 

obbligare. 
Binder;  legatore. 
Binding;   r.  stringente,  obbli- 

gatorio.     2.  astringente.     3. 

legatura,  copertina. 
Bindweed ;  vilucchio. 
Binnacle ;  chiesola,  abitacolo. 
Binomial ;  binomio. 
Biographer;  biografo. 
Biology ;  id. 
Bipartite;  id. 
Biped;  id. 
Birch;  betulla. 
Bird;    uccello.      Kill  two  — s 

with  one  stone,  pigliar  due 

piccioni   a   una    fava.       — 's 

eye    view,    veduta    a   volo 

d'  uccello. 

Bird-cage  ;  gabbia  d'  uccello. 
Bird-call;  richiamo. 
Bird-catcher;  uccellatore. 
Bird-cherry;  ciliegio salvatico. 
Bird-fancier;  venditore  d'  uc- 

celli. 

Bird-lime;  vischio. 
Bird's    foot  trefoil ;    trifoglio 

giallo. 

Bird's  nest ;  nido  d'  uccelli. 
Birth;    i.  nascita.     2.  parto. 
Birthday  ;  giorno  natalizio. 
Birthplace ;  luogo  natio. 
Birthright;    diritto  di   primo- 

genitura. 

Birthwort;  strallogi. 
Biscay ;  Biscaglia. 
Biscuit ;  biscotto. 
Bisect ;  dividere  in  due. 
Bishop ;  vescovo. 
Bishopric ;  vescovado. 
Bismuth ;  bismuto. 
Bison ;  bisonte. 
Bissextile ;  bisestile. 
Bistoury;  bisturi. 
Bistre  ;  bistro. 
Bit;    i.  un  po',  un  pezzettino. 

1.  morso,  freno.      3.  —  of 
bread,  tozzo  di  pane.     4.  not 
a — ,  niente  aflTatto.    5.  Little 
—  of  a  fellow,  omiciattolo. 

Bitch ;  cagna. 

Bite;     i.    mordere,   morsicare. 

2.  —  one's  nails,  rodersi   le 


unglie.     3.    morso,  dentata, 

morsicatura. 
Bitter  ;  amaro,  acre,  pungente, 

rigido  (inverno),  accanito. 
Bittern ;  tarabuso. 
Bitterness;    amarezza,  acrita, 

rigidezza. 

Bittersweet ;  dulcamara. 
Bitts;  bitte. 
Bitumen ;  bitume. 
Bituminous;  id. 
Bivalve ;  id. 
Bivouac ;  bivacc-o,  -are. 
Blab ;  divolgare,  ridire,  ciarlare. 
Black;   i.  nero,  corvino,  fosco. 

i.  —  and  blue,  livido,  tutto 

ammaccato.    3.  lutto.    4.  an- 

nerire.     5.  lustrare. 
Blackamoor;  negro,  moro. 
Blackbeetle;  piattola. 
Blackberry ;  mora  di  macchia. 
Blackbird ;  merlo. 
Blackboard ;  tavola  nera. 
Blackcap ;  capinera. 
Blackcock ;  fagiano  di  monte. 
Black  currant ;  ribes  nero. 
Blacken  ;  annerire,  oscurare. 
Blackguard;   briccone,  figuro, 

mascalzone,  infame. 
Blacking ;  lucido,  lustro. 
Blacklead ;  piombaggine. 
Blackleg;     baro,    greco,    cru- 

miro. 

Blackletter ;  caratteri  gotici. 
Black  Maria;  carro  della  poli- 

zia. 

Blackness ;  nerezza,  oscurita. 
Black-pudding ;  sanguinaccio. 
Blacksmith ;     fabbro,     mane- 

scalco. 
Blackstart ;    codirosso   spazza- 

camino. 

Blackthorn;  prugno  salvatico. 
Bladder ;  vescica,  vescichetta. 
Bladder  campion ;  bubbolini. 
Blade;  i.  lama,  spada.   2.  pala. 
Blamable ;  biasimevole. 
Blame;  i.  biasimare,  incolpare, 

censurare,  rimproverare.     2. 

biasimo,  rimprovero. 
Blameless;  irreprensibile.inno- 

cente. 

Blamelessness ;  innocenza. 
Blameworthy ;       censurabile, 

biasimevole. 
Blanch  ;  impallidire. 
Blancmange ;  biancomangiare. 
Bland;  id.,  dolce. 
Blandish ;  far  moine,  lusingare, 

blandire,  accarezzare. 
Blank;    i.    bianco,  vuoto.      2. 

(scecche)      facoltativo.        3. 

sciolto    (verso).       4.     triste, 

sconcertato.     5.  — cartridge, 

cartuccia  da  salve. 
Blanket ;  coperta  da  letto,  o  di 

lana,  pannolano. 
Blankly ;  confusamente. 
Blare;  ruggire. 
Blarney;   i.  moine.      2.  piag- 

giare,  lisciare. 
Blase ;     disgustato,     stufo    di 

tutto. 

Blaspheme ;  bestemmiare. 
Blast;    i.    soffio,  vento,  colpo 

di    vento.        2.     esplosione. 

3.  bruciare,  distruggere,  ful- 

minare.        4.      minare,    far 

saltare. 
Blast-furnace;  alto  forno. 


Blast-pipe;  tubo  di  scappa- 
mento. 

Blatant ;  blaterante,  reboante. 

Blaze  ;  i.  ham  ma,  luce,  splen- 
dore.  i.  avvampare,  fiam- 
meggiare,  splendere.  3. 
divulgare.  4.  segnare(alberi). 

Blazer ;  abito  corto  di  flanella. 

Blazon;   i.  blason-e.     i.  -are. 

Bleach ;  imbiancare  al  sole, 
bianchire. 

Bleak;  i.  aspro.  2.  argentine, 
avola,  lasca. 

Bleared ;  cisposo. 

Bleat ;  belare. 

Bleb ;  vescichetta,  pustula,  bol- 
la. 

Bleed ;  i.  sanguinare,  far 
sangue.  2.  salassare,  cavar 
sangue. 

Blemish ;  macchia,  difetto. 

Blench ;  rinculare,  ritirarsi, 
rimpiccolirsi. 

Blend;  mescolare,  fondersi. 

Blende;  blenda. 

Blending;  mescolanza,  fu- 
sione. 

Blenny;  bavosa. 

Bless;  benedire. 

Blessed ;  benedetto,  beato. 

Blessing ;  benedizione,  grazia. 

Blight ;  nebbia,  golpe. 

Blighted;  annebbiato,  guasto, 
corrotto,  ingolpato. 

Blind;  i.  cieco.  i.  cortina, 
tendina.  3.  persiana,  gelo- 
sia.  4.  sotterfugio.  5. 
blinda.  6.  accecare.  7.  os- 
curare. 8.  abbacinare. 

Blindage;  blindatura. 

Blind  alley ;  vicolo  cieco. 

Blindfold;  con  gli  occhi 
bendati. 

Blindman's  buff ;  moscacieca. 

Blindness;  cecita,  accecamento. 

Blink;  i.  occhiata.  a.  batter 
le  palpebre,  ammiccare,  ac- 
cennar  cogli  occhi.  3.  —  at, 
tralasciare,  socchiudere  gli 
occhi  a. 

Blinkers;  parocchi. 

Bliss;  felicita. 

Blissful ;  felice,  beato. 

Blister;  i.  vescica,  bolla,  bolli- 
ciattola,  cocciola.  2.  vesci- 
cante.  3.  metterunvescicante. 

4.  sbullettare. 
Blite;  blito. 
Blithe ;  gaio,  allegro. 
Bloated;  paffuto. 
Bloater ;  aringa  alTumicata. 
Blob ;  goccia,  patacca. 
Block;  i.  ceppo,  masso,  blocco. 

2.    ostacolo.       3.     isola    di 
case.     4.  bozzello,  puleggia. 

5.  sbarrare,  ostruire,  murare, 
bloccare. 

Blockade;  i.  blocc-o.     2.  -are. 
Block  chain ;  catena  a  ceppi. 
Blockhead ;   minchione,  scioc- 

cone,  grullo,  balordo,  gagli- 

offo. 

Block-house;  fortino. 
Block-paving;    pavimento  di 

legno. 

Blonde;  biondo. 
Blood ;  sangue. 
Bloodguiltiness  ;  delitto  d'  n- 

micidio. 
Blood -hound ;  segugio. 

62 


Xll 


BLOODLESS— BOOTS 


Bloodless ;      esangue,     senza 

spargimento  di  sangue. 
Blood-letting;   salasso,  flebo- 

tomia. 
Bloodshed ;      spargimento     di 

sangue. 

Bloodshot ;  iniettato  di  sangue. 
Bloodstone ;    diaspro    sangui- 

gno. 

Bloodsucker ;  succhia  sangue. 
Blood-vessel ;  vaso  sanguineo. 
Bloody ;  sanguinolento. 
Bloom;      i.     fiore,     fioritura. 

i.    fiorire. 

Bloomingly;  fioritamente. 
Blossom;  i.  fiore.     ?.  fiorire, 

sbocciare. 
Blot;     i.     sgorbio,     macchia. 

i.       sgorbiare,      macchiare. 

3.   —  out,  nascondere,   fare 

sparire.  4.  (ofpaper)spandere 

1  inchiostro. 
Blotch  ;    pustula,  macchia,  en- 

fiatura. 
Blotchy ;      bitorzoluto,      mac- 

chiettato  di  pustole. 
Blotting-book ;      carlella     di 

carta  sugante. 
Blotting-paper ;    carta   suga, 

carta  sugante. 
Blouse;  bluse,  blusetta. 
Blow;     i.    colpo,     botta.      2. 

Come   to    — s,     venire    alle 

mani.     3.  soffiare.     4.  trafe- 

lare,    ansare.       5.     suonare. 

6.   fiorire.     7.   tirare.     8.  — 

away,  dissipare.    9.  —  down, 

abbattere.    10.  —  off,  sfogare, 

scaricare.    n. — out,(<j)gon- 

fiare,   (/>)    spegnere.     12.   - 

over,     passare,    rasserenarsi. 

13.    -  -    up,    scoppiare,    far 

saltare. 
Blower;    i.  soffiatore.   2.  chiu- 

denda  (di  camino). 
Blow-hole;  sfiatatoio. 
Blow-off  cock;    rubinetto  di 

sfogo. 
Blow-off  pipe;  cannello  d'  es- 

trazione. 

Blow-pipe ;  cannello. 
Blubber;   i.  grasso  di  balena. 

1.  piagnucolare. 
Bludgeon ;     randello,    bacchio 

impiombato. 
Blue ;     blu,    celeste,    azzurro, 

turchino,  ceruleo. 
Blue-beard ;  Barba  blu. 
Bluebell;  campanula. 
Blue-book;  libro  azzurro. 
Blue  bottle;    i.    fioraliso.     2. 

moscone. 

Blue-breast ;  pett'  azzurro. 
Blue-eyed;  dagli  occhi  azzur- 

ri. 

Blue-gum  ;  eucalitto. 
Blueish ;  azzurrognolo. 
Blue-jacket ;     marinaio    della 

marina  nazionale. 
Blueness ;  colore  azzurro. 
Blue  peter;  bandieradi  parten- 

za. 

Blue  pill ;  pillola  mercuriale. 
Blue    rock    thrush;     passera 

soUtaria. 

Blue-stocking;  saccentona. 
Bluff;   i.   brusco,  franco,  fiero. 

2.  promontorio     a      picco. 

3.  millanteria,  iattanza.     4. 
ingannare    spacciandosi    per 


piu  che  si-'e.  He  bluffed 
him  into  giving  in,  1"  obbligo 
ad  arrendersi  dandogli  ad 
intendere  d'  esser  superiore 
di  forze. 

Blunder;  i.  errore,  sbaglio, 
marrone.  i.  Make  a  — , 
pigliar  un  granchio.  3.  sba- 
gliare.  4.  —  out,  tirar  fuori, 
venir  fuori  con  un  dire,  dire 
spensieratamente. 

Blunderbuss;  trombone. 

Blunderheaded ;  balordo. 

Blunt;  i.  spuntato,  senza  tag- 
lio,  smussato.  2.  brusco. 

3.  —  instrument,  strumento 
contundente. 

Blur;    i.    macchi-a.      2.    -are, 

doppieggiare. 
Blurred ;   indistinto,  poco  chi- 

aro. 
Blurt  out;  strafalciare,  scattar 

su  a  dire,   scattar  fuori  con 

un  dire. 

Blush ;  rossore,  rosso. 
Blushing ;    rosseggiante,    ver- 

gognoso. 
Bluster;      i.     millanteria,   fra- 

casso,  fanfaronata.    2.  strepi- 

tare,  tempestare. 
Blusterer ;   hravaccione,   roclo- 

monte,  chiassone,  fanfarone. 
Blustering;     chiassoso,    spac- 

cone,  pomposo,   tempestoso, 

tumultuoso. 
Boa;  id. 

Boar ;  verro.    Wild  — ,  cignale. 
Board;  i.  asse, tavola.    2.  pen- 

sione,   dozzina.     3.    —  and 

lodging,    tavola   e    alloggio. 

4.  tavola    nera,     cartel  lo. 

5.  cartone.      In    — s,    car- 
tonato.     6.   On  — ,  a  bordo. 
7.  comitato,  consiglio,  giun- 
ta,  amministrazione.      8.   - 
of  Trade,  Ministero  del  com- 
mercio.     9.  investire,  ahbor- 
dare.     10.   tenere,  o  stare  a 
dozzina.       n.     mettere,     o 
prendere.in  pensione.    12. — 
up,    intavolare.      13.    above 
— ,  con  ischiettezza,  aperto. 
14.     go    by    the    — ,   andar 
perduto    o   in    rovina.       15. 
Sweep  the   — ,    vincer  ogni 
punto. 

Boarder;  pensionario,  dozzi- 
nante,  convittore,  educanda. 
Day  — ,  mezzo  convittore. 

Boarding;  i.  pensione.  2.  ab- 
bordaggio,  arrembaggio. 

Boarding-house;  casadi  pen- 
sione, dozzina. 

Boarding-school;  collegio, 
convitto,  collegio-convitto. 

Board-room;  saladi consiglio. 

Board-school;  scuola  comu- 
nale. 

Board-wages ;  mantenimento. 

Boar-hunt ;  caccia  al  cignale. 

Boar-spear;  spiedo. 

Boast ;  vantarsi,  gloriarsi,  esul- 
tare,  millantarsi,  smargias- 
sare. 

Boaster;  spaccone,  vantatore, 
bravazzone,  smargiasso. 

Boastful ;  vanaglorioso. 

Boat;  i.  barca,  battello,  lancia, 
scialuppa,  schifo.  2.  barchet- 
tare.  3.  Steam  — ,  battello 


a  vapore  (or  simply,  vapore), 

vaporiera. 

Boat-builder;  barchettaiolo. 
Boat-hook;     gancio    o    gaffa 

d'  imbarcazione. 
Boatman;  barcaiuolo. 
Boatswain ;  nostromo. 
Bob;       i.     scattare,     movers! 

rapidamente     (su,     o     giu). 

2.  penzolare.     3.  sughero  da 

pesca.  4.  pendente,  disco  me- 

tallico  d'  un  pendolo,  peso. 
Bobbin ;  rocchetto,  cannello. 
Bobeche  ;  padellina. 
Bobstay;      briglia     del    bom- 

presso. 
Bobtail;  i.  gentaglia.     2.  coda 

raccorciata. 
Bobtailed ;  mozzo  di  coda,  con 

coda  raccorciata. 
Bode ;    presagire.     —  well  or 

ill,  esser  di  buono  o  cattivo 

augurio. 
Bodice ;      busto,      corsaletto, 

giubbettino. 
Bodily ;     i .     corporeo,    fisico. 

2.    adv.  di  peso. 
Boding ;    pieno   di   tristi    pre- 

sentimenti. 

Bodkin  ;  punteruolo,  stiletto. 
Body;    i.    corpo.      2.    guscio 

(di  carrozza).     3.  sostanza. 
Bodyguard  ;  guardie  del  corpo. 
Bog;     i.    acquitrino,   pantano, 

maremma,   padule.      2.    im- 

pantanare. 

Bog  bean  ;  trifoglio  palustre. 
Bog  moss ;  sfagno. 
Bog  myrtle ;  mirica  gale. 
Bog  orchis ;  epipattide. 
Boggle ;  esitare,  tentennare. 
Boggy ;  paludoso,  acquitrinoso. 
Bogy ;  orco,  babau. 
Boil;      i.     fignolo,    foruncolo. 

2.    bollire,  lessare. 
Boiled  meat ;  lesso. 
Boiler;  caldaia. 
Boiler-maker ;  calderaio. 
Boiling  hot ;  caldo  come  1'  ac- 

qtia  bollente. 

Boisterous ;    furioso,    tempes- 
toso,    fortunoso,    rumoroso, 

brioso. 
Bold;  ardito,  coraggioso,  bravo, 

impudente,  audace. 
Bold-faced ;    sfacciato,    sfron- 

tato. 

Boldly;  arditamente,  con  bra- 
vura, francamente. 
Bole ;      bolo,     tronco,     stelo, 

gambo. 
Bolster;   i.  capezzale.     2.  ap- 

poggiare. 
Bolt;  i.  catenaccio,  stanghetta. 

2.    chiavarda,   caviglia.       3. 

Connecting   — ,    bollone   da 

collegamento.   4.  dardo,  frec- 

cia.    5.  fulmine.    6.  chiudere 

con  catenaccio,    inchiavacci- 

are.        7.     incavigliare.      8. 

abburattare.       9.     ingollare. 

10.  prenderil  volo,  slanciarsi, 

darsi  a   fuggire,    prender   la 

mano  (cavallo). 
Bolting ;     ahburattatura.       — 

cloth,  stamigna,  buratto.     — 

hutch,  frullone.    —  machine, 

staccio  a  macchina. 
Bolt-rope ;  ralinga. 
Bolus ;  bolo. 


Bomb ;  bomba. 

Bombard ;  bombardare. 

Bombasine ;  bambagino. 

Bombast ;  ampollosita. 

Bombastic;  ampolloso. 

Bond;  i.  nodo,  legame.  2.  ob- 
bligazione,  bono.  3.  porto 
franco.  4.  cauzione.  5.  im- 
pegno,  obbligo.  6.  — s, 
ferri.  7.  metter  in  deposito, 
o  in  porto  franco. 

Bondage ;  schiavitu,  servitu. 

Bond-servant;  schiavo. 

Bondsman ;  mallevadore. 

Bone;  i.  osso.  2.  spina,  resta, 
lisca.  3.  disossare. 

Boneless ;  disossato. 

Bonesetter;  chirurgo  che  ri- 
mette  le  ossa  dislogate. 

Bonfire;  fa!6,  fuoco  d'  alle- 
grezza. 

Bonito;  palamita. 

Bonnet;  i.  berretta,  cappello, 
cappellino.  2.  ficcare  il 
cappello  sino  agli  occhi. 

Bonnet-box  ;  cappelliera. 

Bonnet-maker;  modista,  ere- 
staia. 

Bonny ;  grazioso,  leggiadro, 
vezzoso. 

Bonus;  avanzo,  bono,  premio. 

Bony ;  scarno,  ossuto. 

Booby;  balordo,  sciocco. 

Booby-trap ;  acchiappatoio. 

Book;     i.    libro.      2.    registro. 

3.  libretto     di     Cassa     di 
risparmio.     4.   registrare,  is- 
crivere,    prender   anticipata- 
mente  il  posto. 

Bookbinder;  legatore  di  libri. 
Bookcase ;     scaffale,    libreria, 

armadio. 

Bookish;  studioso,  pedante. 
Booking ;  registrazione. 
Book-keeper;  contabile,  ragio- 

niere. 
Book-keeping ;  contabilita,  ra- 

gioneria. 

Book-learning ;  erudizione. 
Booklet ;  libriccino. 
Bookmaker;  tenitore  di  scom- 

messe  alle  scorse. 
Bookman ;  studioso. 
Bookmarker;  segnacarte. 
Bookplate ;  ex  libris. 
Bookseller;    libraio.        —   and 

publisher,  libraio-editore. 
Bookshelf;  scaffale,  palchetto. 
Book-trade ;     commercio     li- 
braio. 
Book-writing;  mestiere  d'  au- 

tore. 
Boom;  i.  rimbombo.   2.  boma, 

asta.     3.    catena  (di  porto). 

4.  rimbombare,     rumoreg- 
giare.     5.  commercio  vivace. 

Boon  ;  favore. 
Boor ;  villano. 

Boorish;  rozzo,  villano,  rustico. 

Boot;    i.  stivale.      2.    cassetta 

(di  carrozzone).     3.  bottino. 

4.  to    — ,    per    soprappiu. 

5.  profittare. 
Boot-black ;  lustrascarpe,  lus- 

trino. 

Booth ;  baracca,  capanna. 
Boot-jack;  cavastivali. 
Bootless ;  vano,  inutile. 
Bootmaker;  calzolaio. 
Boots ;  lustrino  (d'  albergo). 


BOOT-STORE—BREAK  UP 


Xlll 


Boot. store ;  calzoleria. 
Boot-tree;  gambale,  forma. 
Booty;  bottino. 
Booze ;  sbevazzare,  ubbriacarsi. 
Boozy ;  mezzo  briaco,  brillo. 
Bopeep ;  Play  at  — ,  far  capo- 
lino,  guardar  sou'  occhi. 
Boracic  ;  id. 
Borage ;  borraggine. 
Borax;  borace. 
Border;      i.      orlo,     orlatura. 

1.  limite,  frontiera,  confini. 

3.  orlare.      4.    —  on,  con- 
finare,  rasentare. 

Borderer ;  confinante. 
Bordering;  limitrofo.contiguo, 

vicino. 
Bore;    i.    foro,  buco.     i.   cali- 

bro,  alesaggio.     3.  seccatura. 

4.  seccatore.     5.  forare,  bu- 
care,  pertugiare.    6.  seccare, 
annoiare,  tediare.     7.  riflusso 
alia  foce  dei  fiumi. 

Boredom  ;  tedio,  noia. 
Borer ;  foratoio,  succhiello,  tri- 

vella. 

Boring;  foratura. 
Born ;  nato. 
Borough;    i.    citta.      2.  rione 

(di  Londra),  circondario. 
Borrow;    pigliare   in   prestito, 

farsi  prestare. 
Borrowed;  imprestato,  fittizio, 

finto.     —  light,   luce  secon- 

daria. 

Borrowing ;  prender  a  prestito. 
Bosh ;  inezia,  frottole. 
Bosom;    i.  seno,  grembo.     2. 

—     friend,    amico     intimo. 

3.  —   of  a    shirt,    sparato. 

4.  cuore. 

Boss;    i.   bozza.      2.  borchia. 

3.  padrone,  capo,  direttore.   . 
Botanical ;  botanico. 
Botanist ;  botanico. 
Botanize ;  erborare. 
Botany;  botanies. 

Botch ;  abborracciare,  accia- 
battare.  —  up,  rattoppare 
alia  meglio. 

Botcher;  acciarpone,  guasta- 
mestieri. 

Botchwork;  abborracciatura, 
acciabattatura,  lavoro  mal 
fatto. 

Both;  ambo,  ambe,  ambedue, 
entrambi,  tutt'  e  due,  1'  uno 
e  1'  altro.  On  --  sides, 
d'  ambo  le  parti.  —  rich 
and  poor,  e  i  ricchi  ed  i 
poveri. 

Bother;  imbarazzare,  seccare. 

Botheration;   i.  fastidio, noia. 

2.  capperi. 

Bottle;  i.  bottiglia,  fiasco, 
boccetta.  2.  imbottigliare, 
infiascare.  3.  —  up,  riser- 
bare. 

Bottle-case ;  cantina. 

Bottle-gourd  ;  zucca. 

Bottling  ;  imbottigliatura. 

Bottom;  i.  fondo.  2.  dere- 
tano.  3.  base,  fondamento. 

4.  fine.     5.  —  of  the  hear!, 
imo  del  cuore.     6.  in  neutral 
— s,    sotto   bandiera  neutra. 
7.   at  — ,  a  fondo,  in  sostanza. 

Bottomless ;    senza  fondo. 
Bottomry ;  cambio  marittimo. 
Bough  ;  ramo. 


Boulder;  masso. 

Boulevard ;  pubblico  passaggio 
alberato. 

Bounce;  i.  salto,  balzo. 
2.  bravata,  bravazzata,  mill- 
anteria.  3.  balzare,  lanciarsi. 
4.  He  — d  him  into  it,  lo 
fece  fare  per  furberia  o 
fanfaronata. 

Bouncer;  fanfarone. 

Bouncing ;  grosso,  vigoroso. 

Bound ;  :.  salto,  balzo,  slancio. 
2.  limite,  confine ;  Keep 
within  — s,  non  uscire  dai 
limiti ;  Out  of  — s,  oltre  i 
limiti ;  To  go  out  of  — s, 
passare  i  limiti.  3.  limitare, 
restringere.  4.  sal  tare,  rim- 
balzare.  5.  destinato,  in 
partenza  (per). 

Boundary;  limite,  termine. 

Boundary-stone ;  termine. 

Bounden  ;  di  rigore,  stretto. 

Bounder;  strepitoso,  figurino. 

Boundless;  illimitato. 

Bounteous,  Bountiful;  Hbe- 
rale,  generoso,  largo. 

Bounty;     i.    bonta,   liberalita. 

2.  premio. 

Bouquet;    i.  mazzo.      2.   pro- 

fumo. 

Bourbon ;  Borbone. 
Bourgeois;    i.    borghese.      2. 

garamoncino. 
Bourn ;  termine. 
Bout;  i.  prova, lotta.    t.  volta, 

fiata. 

Bovine ;  id. 
Bow;      i.    arco.       2.    arcione. 

3.  saluto,  inchino.     4.  prua, 
prora.   5.  archetto.  6.  fiocco. 

7.  curvare.     8.  chinare,  pie- 
gare.     9.  salutare.      10.  pro- 
strarsi. 

Bowels;  budella. 
Bower ;  pergola,  frascato. 
Bower-bird ;  ptilonorinco. 
Bowie-knife ;  coltellaccio. 
Bowl;  i.  scodella.bacino,  vaso. 

2.  boccia.     3.  rotolare,  get- 

tare,  lanciare. 
Bow-legged;  sbilenco. 
Bowler ;   al  giuoco  di  '  cricket,' 

chi  lancia  la  palla  al  '  bats- 
man.' 

Bowl-full;  scodellata. 
Bowline ;    bolina,    gassa  d'   a- 

mante. 

Bowling-green ;  pallottolaio. 
Bowshot ;  tiro  d'  arco. 
Bowsprit ;  bompresso. 
Bowstring ;  corda  d'  arco. 
Bow- window;     finestra  spor- 

gente  ad  arco. 
Bow-wow ;  bau-bau. 
Box  ;   i .  cassa,  scatola,  bossolo, 

cassetta,   valigia.      I.    corpo 

di   pompa.      3.    mozzo.     4. 

palco.       5.     bosso,   bossolo. 

6.    schiaffare.      7.    chiudere. 

8.  Fare  a  pugni. 
Boxer;  pugilatore. 
Boxing ;  pugilato. 
Box-maker;  cassettaio. 
Boy;  ragazzo,  fanciullo. 
Boycott ;    scansare   come   leb- 

broso. 

Boyhood  ;  fanciullezza. 
Boyish ;  fanciullesco. 
Brabant ;  Brabante. 


Brabantine ;  brabanzese. 
Brace ;   i .    fasciatura,  cignone, 

cintura,     straccale,      benda, 

braccio,      catena,       grappa. 

2.     zanca    di    trapano.       3. 

coppia,    paio.      4.    fasciare, 

cingere,     legare,     stringere, 

tendere,    bracciare,   darj  del 

tono. 

Bracelet ;  braccialetto. 
Bracing ;    fortificante,   rinvigo- 

rante. 
Bracken ;    felce   ramosa,   felce 

da  ricotta. 
Bracket;     j.    mensola,   becca- 

tello,     sopporto,     peduccio. 

1.  gancio,  grappa.      3.   pa- 
rentesi.      4.    pareggiare,  ac- 
coppiare,  mettere  al  pari. 

Brackish  ;  salmastro. 

Brackishness ;  salsezza. 

Bract ;  brattea. 

Bradawl;  lesina. 

Brag;  i.  fanfaronata,  vanto, 
millanteria,  iattanza.  2.  van- 
tarsi. 

Braggart ;  bravone,  spaccone. 

Bragging ;  sballanle. 

Brahmin ;  bramino. 

Braid;  i.  tessitura,  treccia, 
laccetto.  2.  intrecciare, 
guarnir  di  laccetti. 

Brail  up ;  imbrogliare. 

Brain;  i.  cervello.  2.  giu- 
dizio,  senno.  3.  romper  la 
testa  a,  far  saltar  le  cervella. 

Brainless ;  sciocco,  stordito. 

Brake;  r.  freno.  2.  macchia, 
fitto.  3.  maciulla.  4.  foot 
— ,  freno  a  pedale  ;  hand 
— ,  freno  a  mano  ;  rim  — , 
freno  a  cerchio.  5.  v. 
Bracken. 

Brakesman ;  frenatore. 

Bramble ;  rovo  di  macchia. 

Brambling  finch ;  fringuello 
alpino. 

Bran ;  crusca. 

Branch;  i .  ramo,  diramazione. 

2.  succursale.     3.  ramificare, 
dividere  in  rami. 

Branch  line ;  linea  di  dirama- 
zione. 
Brand ;    i.  tizzone.     2.  marca. 

3.  marchiare. 

Brandenburg;  Brandeburgo. 
Branding-iron;   ferro  da  bol- 

lare. 

Brandish ;  brandire,  vibrare. 
Brand-new  ;  novo  di  zecca. 
Brandy ;  acquavite. 
Brass;    i.  ottone.      2.  sfaccia- 

tezza. 

Brass  work;  ottoname. 
Brat ;  marmocchio. 
Bravado;  v.  Brag. 
Brave ;    i.    coraggioso,   bravo. 

2.  sfidare. 
Brawl ;     i.     rissa,    schiamazzo, 

accapigliamento.      2.    shrai- 

tare,  schiamazzare. 
Brawn;       i.     muscolo,     forza 

muscolare.       2.     specie     di 

salume  fatto  di  carne  di  porco 

in  forma  di  cacio. 
Brawny ;  tarchiato,  gagliardo. 
Bray;    i.    ragliare,    ragghiare. 

2.    stritolare. 
Braze ;  saldare  a  foco. 
Brazen;  i.  di  ottone.     2.  sfac- 


ciato.  3.  —  it  out,  far  lo 
sfacciato. 

Brazier;  braciere. 

Breach;  i.  rottura.  2.  viola- 
zione,  infrazione. 

Bread;  pane. 

Bread-basket ;  paniere. 

Breadfruit  tree ;  albero  del 
pane. 

Breadth;  larghezza. 

Break;  \.v.  Breach.  2.  segui- 
to  di  punti  (al  bigliardo)  ; 
al  bigliardo  inglese  un 
giocatore  che  ha  fatto  un 
punto  gioca  un'  altra  volta  ; 
i  giocatori  giocano  alternata- 
mente  nel  solo  caso  che 
nessuno  de'  due  fa  un  punto. 
3.  apertura,  radura.  4.  cam- 
biamento,  mutamento  (di 
voce  o  del  tempo).  5.  in- 
terruzione.  6.  break  (car- 
rozza).  7.  freno. 

8.  rompere,  spezzare,  spac- 
care.     9.  mancare  (alia  paro- 
la).     10.  fallire.    n.domare, 
addestrare,   scozzonare.      12. 
mutare  (voce).      13.    —  the 
back,  slombarsi. 

Break  away;  separare,  stac- 
care. 

Break  down;  i.  sconfitta,  in- 
successo,  arresto  forzato, 
guasto,  rottura.  2.  abbat- 
tere,  vincere,  superare,  di- 
struggere.  3.  restar  corto, 
restar  senza  parola. 

Break  ground ;  aprire  una 
trincea. 

Break   in;     i.    v.   Break  (12). 

1.  sfondare.      3.    penetrare, 
irrompere,     introdursi      con 
effrazione. 

Break  in  upon  ;  sorprendere, 
interrompere,  offrirsi  a,  dis- 
ordinare. 

Break  into  loud  laughter; 
sganasciarsi  dalle  risa. 

Break  loose  ;  staccarsi,  affran- 
carsi,  sciogliersi. 

Breakneck;  rompicollo.  At 
—  speed,  a  rompicollo. 

Break  off;  i.  staccare,  strap- 
pare.  2.  metter  fine  a, 
rompere  il  filo  di.  3.  inter- 
rompersi.  4.  rinunciare  a, 
mandare  a  monte  (un  impe- 
gno),  tralasciare  (un  lavoro). 

Break  open;  i.  abbattere, 
sfondare.  3.  dissuggellare. 

3.  aprire  a  forza. 

Break     out ;      i.     scoppiare. 

2.  evadere,    scappare.       3. 
mostrarsi  da  dietro  le  nuvolc. 

4.  dichiararsi. 
Break  over ;  rompersi  su. 
Breakthrough;    r.  penetrare, 

farsi  giorno,  attraversare. 
2.  affrancarsi  da,  far  forza  a. 
Break  up;  i.  demolire,  spez- 
zare. 2.  sciogliere,  dissol- 
vere,  sbandare.  3.  dissiparsi 
(nuvole).  4.  guastarsi  (il 
tempo).  5.  entrare  in 
vacanza  (una  scuola).  6. 
separarsi,  rompersi.  7.  dis- 
gelarsi.  8.  tirare  verso  la 
line  (lo  be  breaking  up). 

9.  dispersione.     10.    fine, 
ruina.      n.  disgelo. 


XIV 


BREAK    WITH— BUCKET 


Break  with ;  farla  linita  (con 
uno). 

Breaker;  i.  spezzatore,  viola- 
tore,  mancatore  (di  parola). 

2.  — s,  frangenti,  cavalloni. 
Breakfast;  i.  colazione.    2.  far 

colazione. 
Breakwater;     diga,     frangion- 

de. 
Bream;     i.    scarda.      2.     bru- 

scare. 
Breast;    petto,    seno,    poppa, 

mammella. 

Breast -bone;  stemo. 
Breast-high ;  sino  al  petto. 
Breast-pin ;  spillone. 
Breast-plate ;     pettorale,    co- 

razza. 

Breast-pocket ;  taschino. 
Breast-strap;  cinghia. 
•Breastwork;  parapetto. 
Breath ;    fiato,   respiro,   soffio, 

lena. 

Breathable ;  respirabile. 
Breathe ;      respirare,     esalare, 

spirare,  soffiare. 
Breathing;      i.     vivente,    re- 

spirante.      2.    aspirazione. 
Breathing-hole ;  spiraglio. 
Breathing-place;  fermata,  tap- 
pa,  hiogo  per  respirare. 
Breathless;     i.    ansante,   sfia- 

tato.     2.  esanime. 
Breech;    i.  deretano.      i.   cti- 

latta. 
Breech-band;     straccale,    im- 

braca  del  "basto. 
Breeches;  calzoni,  brache. 
Breeching ;  braca. 
Breeching-strap ;  straccale. 
Breech-loader;   arma  a  retro- 

carica. 
Breed;   i.  razza.      2.  allevare. 

3.  generare,  ingenerare. 
Breeder ;  allevatore. 
Breeding;       i.     generazione. 

^.    allevamento.      3.   educa- 

zione.     4.  creanza. 
Breeding-cage ;  cova,  covino. 
Breeding-ground ;  vivaio. 
Breeding-pond;    pescaia  (per 

pesciolini). 
Breeze;    i.   brezza,  brezzolina. 

i.  rissa,  alteico. 
Breeze-fly;  tafano. 
Breezy ;      fresco,     esposto    al 

vento. 

Brent-goose;    oca    colombac- 
,      cio. 

Breslau;  Breslavia. 
Brevet ;  brevetto,  privilegio. 
Breviary ;  id. 

Brevity ;  brevita,  concisione. 
Bre w  ;    i .  fabbricar  birra,  mes- 

colare.     i.  prepararsi. 
Brew-er;        birraio.        -ing; 

fabbricazione      della      birra. 

-house;  birreria. 
Brewer's  grains ;  flemme. 
Briar  ;  rovo,  pruno,  rosa  canina. 

—  patch,  roveto. 
Bribe;   i.  donativo,  regalo.     2. 

ungerelamanoa,  corrornpere, 

comprare,  subornare. 
Bribery ;  donativi  corrotti. 
Brick;    i.   mattone.     2.   To  — 

up,  chiudere  con  mattoni. 
Brickbat ;  pezzo  di  mattone. 
Brick-clay  ;  terra  da  mattone. 
Brick-field;  mattonaia. 


Brick-kiln ;  fornace  da  mat- 
toni. 

Bricklayer ;  muratore. 

Brickmaker;  mattonaio. 

Brickwork;  mattonato. 

Bridal;  nuziale. 

Bride ;  sposa. 

Bride-cake;  chicca  o  focaccia 
di  nozze. 

Bridegroom ;  sposo. 

Bridesmaid;  damigella  d'  o- 
nore  della  sposa. 

Bridewell ;  casa  di  correzione. 

Bridge;  i.  ponte.  2.  rialto 
(del  naso).  3.  gettar  un 
ponte  su.  4.  (mar.)  banco 
di  guardia,  passerella.  5. 
brigge,  specie  di  giuoco. 

Bridle;    i.    briglia.     2.    freno. 

3.  — s,    patte  della   bolina. 

4.  imbrigliare.    5.  raffrenare, 
ristringere.      6.  —  up,  insu- 
perbirsi. 

Bridle-path ;    sentiero  da   ca- 

vallo. 
Brief;     i.    breve.      2.    incarta- 

mento,  sunto,  compendio. 
Brig;  brigantino  a  due  alberi. 
Brigade;  brigata. 
Brigade-major;  capo  di  stato 

maggiore. 
Brigadier ;  id. 

Brigand;  brigante,  masnadiero. 
Brigandage  ;  brigantaggio. 
Brigantine ;  brigantino. 
Bright;  lucido,  brillante,  chiaro, 

gaio,  risplendente,  vivace. 
Brighten  ;  far  brillare,  rischia- 

rare,  animare,  rallegrare. 
Brightness;  splendore,  lustro, 

chiarezza,  vivacita. 
Brill ;  rombo  liscio. 
Brilliancy ;     splendore,     luci- 

dezza,  lustro. 
Brilliant ;  brillante,  splendido, 

risplendente,  insigne. 
Brim;  i.  orlo, margine, sponda. 

2.  colmo,  cima.    3.  tesa,  falda 

(di   cappello).       4.    —    full, 

ricolmo,    colmo,    pieno   fino 

all'  orlo. 

Brimstone ;  zolfo. 
Brindled ;  brizzolato,  chiazzato, 

picchiettato. 
Brine;  salamoia. 
Bring ;     apportare,    condurre, 

menare,      recare,      attirare, 

ridurre,  fruttare,  valere,  pro- 
curare,  intentare  (lite). 
Bring  about ;  effettuare. 
Bring  away ;  portare  via,  aspor- 

tare. 
Bring  back,  —  again;   ricon- 

durre,  far  tornare,  richiamare, 

rimettere. 
Bring   down;    abbassare,    ab- 

battere,  far  discendere,  inde- 

bolire,  far  crollare,  umiliare, 

dar   sulle    corna,    far    ribas- 

sare. 
Bring  forth  ;  metier  al  mondo, 

produrre,  partorire. 
Bring  forward ;    i.   produrre, 

recare,     far     avanzare.        2. 

metter  innanzi.     3.  riportare. 
Bring   in ;     i.    introdurre,    far 

entrare.       2.     portare,    pro- 

porre.       3.    allegare,   citare. 

4.   fruttare,  produrre. 
Bring  near ;  avvicinare. 


Bring     off;     liberare,     cavare 

d1   impiccio.     —  it  off,  riu- 

scire    (con    un    colpo    diffi- 
cile). 
Bring  on  ;    causare,  cagionare, 

occasionare,  essere  la  cagione 

di. 

Bring   out ;    portar  fuori,  pro- 
durre, cavar  fuori,  far  vedere, 

far  risaltare,  sviluppare,  pub- 

blicare,  far  rappresentare  (un 

dramma). 
Bring  over ;   trasportare,  gua- 

dagnare. 
Bring   round;    ristabilire,    re- 

staurare,   rimettere,   rialzare, 

far  venire  (una  carrozza). 
Bring  through;    cavar  d'  im- 

paccio,  far  traversare,  rimetter 

in  salute  o  in  salvo. 
Bring   to  ;    i.    far  ricuperare  i 

sensi.     2.  mettere  in  panna. 
Bring  together;   riunire,  met- 
ter d'  accordo. 
Bring    to     pass ;      effettuare. 

recare  in  effetto. 
Bring  up  ;   i.   allevare.     2.   in- 

tavolare,   mettere  in   tavola. 

3.    mettere  avanli. 
Bringer;  portatore. 
Brink;    orlo,    bordo.      On  the 

— ,   vicinissimo. 
Briny ;  salmastro. 
Brisk  ;  vivace,  svelto,  vispo. 
Brisket;  petto. 
Bristle ;   setola.     —  up,  arric- 

ciarsi,      rizzarsi,      irrigidirsi, 

andare  in  collera. 
Bristling    with     difficulties ; 

spinosissimo. 
Bristly;  setoloso,  irto. 
Britannia    metal;    specie    di 

peltro. 

British ;  britannico. 
Brittle;  fragile,  diacciolo, vetri • 

no. 
Broach ;       manimettere,      por 

mano  a,  intavolare. 
Broad;    largo,    esteso,   grosso. 

—  daylight,  pieno  giomo. 
Broadcast ;  a  caso,  a  spaglio. 
Broadcloth ;  panno  fino. 
Broad-shouldered;  dallespal- 

le  larghe,  tarchiato. 
Broadside;    bordata.     —  on, 

di  fianco,  di  lato. 
Broadsword ;     spadone,    scia- 

bola. 

Brocade;  broccato. 
Broccoli;  id. 
Brogue;     i.    dialetto,   accento 

irlandese.     2.    stivalone. 
Broil ;    i.    rissa.      2.    arrostire 

sulla  graticola. 
Broken;  rotto,  spezzato,  inter- 

rotto,  cattivo,  ineguale,  spro- 

fondato. 
Broken-down ;  rotto,  decrepi- 

to,  rattrappito. 
Broken-hearted ;   oppresso  di 

dolore.     To  be  — ,   avere  il 

cuore  spezzato. 
Broken-kneed;     spelato     allo 

ginocchia. 

Broken-winded;  bolso. 
Broker;       rigattiere,      sensale, 

agente  di  cambio. 
Brokerage ;  senseria. 
Brome-grass ;  fbrasacco. 
Bronch-ial,  -itis;  id. 


Bronze;    i.    hronzo.      2.    ab- 

bronzare. 

Brooch ;  spillone. 
Brood;   i.  covata.     2.  covare. 

3.  —  over,  pensare  a,  medi- 
tare. 

Brooding  hen ;  chioccia. 
Brook;    i.    ruscello.     2.    tolle- 

rare,  soffrire. 

Brook-lime ;  beccabunga. 
Broom;      i.     granata,    scopa. 

2.  ginestra. 

Broom-rape ;  erba  lupa. 
Broomstick ;  manico  di  scopa. 
Broth ;  brodo. 

Brothel ;  bordello,  postribolo. 
Brother;    i.  fratello.     2.  con- 
fratello,    collega.       3.    frate. 

4.  --  officer,    collega    uffi- 
ciale.      5.    Half  — ,   fratel- 
lastro. 

Brotherhood;    fraternita,  fra- 

tellanza. 

Brother-in-law;  cognato. 
Brotherly  ;  fraterno. 
Brougham  ;  cupe. 
Brow;  ciglio. 
Browbeat ;  sconcertare,  intimi- 

dare,  confondere,  sbigottire. 
Brown;  bruno. 
Brown  bread ;  pane  bigio. 
Brown  Holland  ;  tela  greggia. 
Brown  owl ;  allocco. 
Brown    paper ;    carta   d'  im- 

ballaggio,    carta    straccia    o 

brunella. 
Brown    study;    In   a  — ,  im- 

pensierito. 
Brown  sugar  ;   zucchero  greg- 

gio,  cassonada. 
Browse  ;  pascolare,  brucare. 
Bruise  ;    i .  ammaccare,  maco- 

lare.       2.     contusione,    am- 

maccatura. 

Bruiser ;  pugilatore. 
Bruit  about ;  divulgare. 
Brummagem  ;  dozztnale. 
Brunette;  brunetta. 
Brunswick;   Brunsvigo. 
Brunt ;  urto.     Bear  the  —  of, 

sostener    la    maggior    parte 

di. 
Brush;   i.  spazzola,  granatino  ; 

Clothes     — ,      spazzola     da 

panni ;  Hair  — ,  spazzola  da 

capelli;    Tooth  — ,   spazzo- 

lino  pei  denti.     2.  pennello. 

3.  scaramuccia.       4.    spaz- 
zolare. 

Brush   up;    i.    dar  una  spaz- 

zolata.  2.  rivedere,  lisciare. 
Brushmaker  ;  chi  fa  spazzole. 
Brushwood;  i.  roveto,  bosca- 

glia.     2.  frasche. 
Brussels;  Brusselle.  — sprouts, 

covolo  di  Brusselle. 
Brutal;  id. 
Brute ;  id.,  animale.     —  force, 

mera  forza. 

Brutish;  bestiale,  rozzo. 
Bryony;    brionia,  vite  bianca, 

pianta  delle  fate. 
Bubble;  i.  bolla.    2.  farbolle. 

3.  chimera. 

Bubo ;  bubone,  tincone. 
Buccaneer;  pirata. 
Buck;    i.  daino.      2.  maschio. 

3.  elegante.     4.  fare  il  repel- 

lone.  j.  —  up,  v.  Buckle  to. 
Bucket;  secchio. 


BUCKET-SHOP— BY 


XV 


Bucket-shop;  ayenzia di cam- 
bio  irregolare. 
Buck-jump  ;  montonata. 
Buckle ;    i.    fibbia,  fermaglio. 

2.   affibbiare.      3.    piegarsi, 

far   la   pancia.       4.    --   to, 

mettersial  lavoro,  ingegnarsi. 
Buckler ;  scudo. 
Buckram;  bucherame. 
Buckshot ;    palline   da  lepre, 

pallinacci,  goccioloni. 
Buckskin ;  daino. 
Buckthorn ;  spino  cervino. 
Buckwheat ;  grano  saraceno. 
Bucolic ;  buccolico. 
Bud ;     i .    gemma,    germoglio, 

bottone.        2.     germogliare, 

sbocciare.      3.     innestare    a 

occhio. 

Buddhism  ;  buddismo. 
Budge ;  muoversi. 
Budget ;    i.   sacco.      2.  bilan- 

cio. 
Buff;       i.      color     camoscio. 

2.   cuoio  di  bufalo.     3.    co- 

tenna. 

Buffalo;  bufalo. 
Buffalo  calf;  bufalotto. 
Buffer;    i.    cuscino   da    urto, 

paracolpi,    tamponc,    reggi- 

scossa.     2.  bonomo. 
Buffet ;   i.  schiaffb.     2.  schiaf- 

feggiare. 

Buffoon ;  buffone. 
Bug ;     i .    cimice.       2.    scara- 

faggio. 

Bugbear;  spauracchio,  befana. 
Buggy ;  carrozzino,  biroccino. 
Bugle;  i.  trombetta.  2.  bu- 

gola. 

Bugler;  trombettierc. 
Bugloss;  buglossa. 
Buhl ;  boule. 
Build ;     fabbricare,    costruire, 

edificare,  fondare. 
Building ;      fabbrica,      costru- 

zione. 
Bulb;  id. 

Bulge ;  gonfiarsi,  far  pancia. 
Bulk;      i.     grossczza,    grosso. 

1.  In — ,  alia  rinfusa,  all'  in- 
grosso. 

Bulkhead;  paratia,  tramezzo. 
Bulky;  grosso,  massiccio. 
Bull;   r.  toro.    2.  bolla.   3.  sva- 

rione.     4.  rialzista. 
Bullace  ;  prugnola. 
Bull -dog;     alano,     can     bol- 

dro. 

Bullet ;  palla. 
Bulletin;  bollettino. 
Bullfinch ;  ciuffolotto,  fringuel- 

lo  marino. 

Bull-head ;  scazzone. 
Bullion ;     oro     o     argento    in 

verghe. 

Bullock ;  bue. 
Bull's  eye ;  barilozzo,  centro. 

—  lantern,   lanterna  cieca  a 

vetro  lenticulare. 
Bully;      i.     tiranno,     brutale. 

2.  smargiassone.    3.  malme- 
nare,    maltrattare,     strapaz- 
zare. 

Bulrush  ;  giunco. 

Bulwark ;  baluardo,  parapetto. 

Bum  ;  deretano. 

Bumbailiff;    assistente    d'    u- 

sciere. 
Bumble-bee  ;  calabrone. 


Bumboat ;  battello  da  provvi- 
gioni. 

Bumkin;  buttafuori. 

Bump;  i.  urto,  colpo,  urtata. 
2.  protuberanza,  bernoccolo. 

Bumper ;  bicchiere  traboc- 
cante. 

Bumpkin ;  villano,  zoticone, 
contadinaccio. 

Bumptious ;  presuntuoso. 

Bun ;  panetto,  panino,  ciam- 
bella,  focaccia,  stiacciata. 

Bunch;  i.  gobba.  2.  muc- 
chietto.  3.  mazzo.  4.  grap- 
polo.  5.  nodo  (di  nastri). 
6.  ciuffo,  pennacchio. 

Bundle;  i.  pacco,  pacchetto, 
piego,  fardello,  fagotto,  fa- 
stello,  fascina,  fascio.  2.  — 
in,  (a)  entrare  alia  meglio, 
(fi)  imballare  alia  rinfusa. 
3.  —  off,  or  out,  (a)  cacciar 
di  casa,  (b)  far  fagotto, 
uscire  o  scendere  alia  me- 
glio. 

Bung;  i.  cocchiume,  zaffo. 
2.  (gergo)  bugia.  3.  turare, 
stoppare. 

Bung-hole ;  buco,  spina. 

Bungle';  i.  guastare,  acciar- 
pare.  i.  lavoro  mal  fatto, 
pasticcio,  guazzabuglio,  assas- 
sinio. 

Bungler;  guastamestieri,  ac- 
ciarpone,  impasticcione. 

Bungling ;  malaccorto. 

Bunion  ;  soprosso  al  pollice  det 
piedi. 

Bunk ;  cuccetta. 

Bunker;  carbonaia,  carbonile. 

Bunkum ;  chiacchiera  canzona- 
toria,  ciarlatanata. 

Bunting;  i.  burato,  stamigna. 
2.  emberiza,  migliarino,  pas- 
sera  di  padule,  strillozzo, 
zigolo. 

Buntline ;  demezzo. 

Buoy ;  gavitello,  boa. 

Buoy  up  ;  far  galleggiare. 

Buoyancy ;  leggerezza,  fa- 
colta  di  stare  a  galla. 

Buoyant;  i.  che  galleggia 
bene,  leggiero.  2.  soppor- 
tante. 

Bur  ;  zeccola,  seme  di  lappolo  o 
altro  che  s'  attacca  ai  panni. 

Burbot;  bottatrice. 

Burden;  i.  peso,  fardello,  cari- 
co,  soma ;  A  —  to,  a  carico  di. 

2.  portata,      tonnellaggio. 

3.  ritornello.      4.    caricare, 
imbarazzare,    aggravare,  ag- 
gravezzare. 

Burdensome ;      pesante,      in- 

comodo. 

Burdock ;  lappola,  bardana. 
Bureau ;      i.     studio,    ufficio. 

2.  scrittoio,  segreteria,  arma- 

dio. 

Bureaucrat ;  burocrata. 
Burgess,  Burgher;  cittadino. 
Burglar ;     ladro,    scassinatore, 

ladro  con  effrazione. 
Burglary;  effrazione. 
Burgomaster  ;  borgomastro. 
Burgundy;     i.   Borgogna.     2. 

vino  di  Borgogna. 
Burial ;    sepoltura,  inumazione, 

sotterramento. 
Burial-ground ;  cimitero. 


Burial-place ;  tomba,  sepol- 
tura. 

Burin;  bulino. 

Burke  ;  soffocare,  sopprimere. 

Burlesque ;  burlesco. 

Burly ;  robusto,  corpacciulo, 
tarchiato,  grande  e  grosso. 

Burn;  i.  bruciare,  mettere  nel 
foco,  abbruciare.  2.  scot- 
tare.  3.  cuocere,  calcinare. 
4.  ardere.  5.  arsione,  scot- 
tatura. 

Burner;  becco  di  gas. 

Burnet ;  salvastrella  maggiore. 

Burning;  i.  abbruciante,  ro- 
vente,  scottante.  2.  vivo. 
3.  incendio.  4.  cotta,  cot- 
tura. 

Burning-glass ;  specchio  ar- 
dente  o  ustorio. 

Burnish;  brunire. 

Burnisher;  brunitoio. 

Burr;  i.  cesello.  2.  pronuncia 
dura. 

Burrow;  i.  farsi  una  tana, 
intanarsi.  2.  tann,  covile, 
conigliera. 

Bursar;  tesoriere,  economo. 

Bursary ;  economato. 

Burst;  i.  scoppiare,  schiantare, 
crepare,  rompersi,  sfondare, 
csplodere.  2.  — •  into,  pre- 
cipitarsi.  3.  —  out,  pro- 
rompere,  spandersi.  4.  — 
with  laughter,  smascellare 
dalle  risa.  5.  •  rottura,  scop- 
pio,  esplosione.  6.  fig. 
slancio. 

Burton  ;  taglia,  paranchino. 

Bury;   i.  sotterrare,  seppellire. 

1.  immergere.      3.    nascon- 
dere. 

Burying    beetle ;     necrofago, 

necroforo. 
Busby ;  colbac. 
Bush;   i .  arboscello.    3.  frasca. 

3.  cespuglio.      4.    macchia, 
macchione,  foresta.     5.  bron- 
zina,  fodera  di  bronzo. 

Bushel;  staio. 
Bush-harrow;    rosta,    ramac- 

cia. 
Bush-ranger;     galeotto    eva- 

so. 

Bushy ;  folto. 
Business;     i.    affare,  negozio, 

faccenda,     lavoro,     bisogna. 

2.  To  send  ...  about  his  — , 
mandare    . . .    pei   fatti   suoi ; 
Mind  your  own  — ,  badate 
a"  fatti  vostri.       3.    diritto  ; 
you  have  no  —  there,  non  e 
luogo  per  voi.     4.   mestiere, 
genere  di  commercio. 

Business-like ;  serio,  pratico, 
ben  fatto,  fatto  nelle  regole. 

—  habits,  abitudini  da  uomo 
d'  affari. 

Buskin;  i.  borzacchino,  stiva- 

letto.     2.  coturno. 
Bust;  busto. 
Bustard  ;       ottarda,      ubara. 

Lesser  — ,  fagianella,  gallina 

prataiola. 
Bustle;    i.    scompiglio,    tram- 

busto,   tumulto,    andirivieni, 

da  fare,  affaccendamento.    t. 

—  of  a  dress,  puf.  3.  industri- 
arsi,  affrettarsi,  darsi  attorno. 

4.  sfaccendare,  confondere. 


Bustling;  affaccendato,  fretto- 
loso,  attivo. 

Busy ;  affaccendato,  occupato, 
attivo,  frettoloso. 

Busybody;  faccendiere,  intri- 
gante, imbroglione,  pastic- 
cione. 

But;   i.  ma.     2.  senza,  fuorche. 

3.  Not  —  that,  se  non  che. 

4.  —  one,  uno  solo.     5.  He 
has  —  this  one,  non  ha  che 
questo.      6.     —    now,    un 
momenta  fa. 

Butcher;  i.  macellaio,  bec- 
caio.  2.  macellare. 

Butcher-bird ;  averla. 

Butchery  ;  strage. 

Butler;  credenziere,  maggior- 
domo. 

Butt;  i.  mira,  segno,  bersaglio. 
2.  botte.  3.  monticello. 
4.  grossa  estremita.  5.  zim- 
bello.  6.  steccone.  7.  cu- 
latta  della  stecca,  calcio  del 
fucile.  8.  cozzare,  urtare. 

Butter;  i.  burro.  Melted—, 
salsa  di  butirro.  J.  imbur- 
rare,  condir  con  burro. 

Buttercup ;  bottone  d'  oro. 

Butterfly;  farfalla. 

Buttermilk ;  siero  di  latte. 

Buttery;  i.  burroso.  2.  di- 
spensa. 

Buttock;     i.    chiappa,   natica. 

2.  coscia  (di  manzo).    3.  culo 
(d1  una  nave). 

Button;  i.  bottone.    2.  boccia. 

3.  abbottonare. 
Button-hole;    occhiello,    bot- 

toniera. 

Button-hook ;  gancetto  per 
abbottonare. 

Button-maker ;  bottoniere. 

Buttress;  i.  contrafforte, 
sostegno.  2.  flying  — ,  co- 
struzione  a  mezz'  arco  per 
sostegno,  arco  d'  appoggio, 
sprone.  3.  sostenere  con 
pilastri. 

Buxom ;  allegro,  giocondo. 

Buy;  i.  comprare.  2.  —  up, 
far  acquisto  di.  3.  —  off, 
riscattare.  4.  —  in,  ri- 
comprare  per  mezzo  d'  un 
offerente  falso.  j.  —  out, 
rilevare  la  parte  di ;  He  has 
bought  out  all  his  partners 
and  is  now  sole  owner,  ha 
rilevato  la  parte  di  tutti  i 
suoi  socii  e  ora  e  il  solo 
proprietario. 

Buzz;  r.  ronzare.  2.  Jig.  su- 
surrare.  3.  ronzio. 

Buzzard ;  bozzagro,  poiana. 

By;  i.  per.  2.  da.  3.  — the 
pound,  alia  libra.  4.  vicino, 
presso,  accanto.  5.  — post, 
per  la  posta ;  —  sea,  per 
mare.  6.  —  trade,  di  me- 
stiere ;  —  day,  di  giorno, 
durante  il  giorno.  7.  —  far, 
di  molto,  di  gran  lunga. 

8.  —  degrees,  poco  a  poco, 
gradatamente,  mano  a  mano. 

9.  —  to-morrow,   da  qui   a 
d  muni  ;     —    this    time,    a 
questa  ora  ;  — •  this  means, 
con  questo  mezzo.      10.    - 
and  — ,  adessoadesso,  quanto 
prima.     n.    —  the  bye,  di 


XVI 


BYE-LAW—CAPABLE 


volo,  a  taglio,  a  proposito. 
12.  one  —  one,  uno  ad  uno  ; 
year  —  year,  d'  anno  in 
anno.  13.  hard  — ,  qui 
vicino.  14.  —  chance,  a 
caso.  15.  dietro,  secondo. 
t6.  three  metres  —  five,  tre 
metri  su  cinque.  17.  (know) 
—  sight,  di  vista. 


Bye-law;  regolamento,  statu- 
te. 

By-election ;  elezione  parziale. 

By-end ;  vantaggio  proprio. 

Bygone ;  passato.  —  ages, 
eta  trascorse. 

By-path  ;  sentiero  poco  usato, 
secondo  sentiero. 


By-play ;  mimica  da  parte,  mi- 
mica  tra  se. 

By-product;  prodotto  seconda- 
rio. 

Byre ;  stalla. 

By-road ;  traversa,  strada  se- 
condaria. 

Byssus;  bisso. 


Bystander ;     astante,     spetta- 

tore. 

By-street;  vicoletto. 
By-way ;  stradicciola. 
By-word  ;  To  become  a  — , 

passare  in  proverbio. 
Byzantine ;  bisantino. 
Byzantium ;  Bisanzio. 


Cab ;     carrozza,    calesso,     fiac- 

chere. 
Cabal;    i.    trama,  intrigo.     2. 

far  complotto,  intrigare. 
Cabbage;  cavolo. 
Cabbage    butterfly ;     pieride, 

cavolaia. 

Cabbage-head;  cesto  di  cavo- 
lo. 
Cabbage-lettuce;  lattugacap- 

puccia. 
Cabin;    i.  camerino.     2.  stan- 

zetta. 

Cabin-boy;  mozzo,  camerotto. 
Cabinet ;    gabinetto,   armadio, 

stipo,  stipetto. 
Cabinet   Council ;    gabinetto, 

consiglio  del  Ministri. 
Cabinet-maker;  ebanista,  sti- 

pettaio. 

Cabinet-size ;  formato  album. 
Cabinet-work;   lavoro  d'  eba- 
nista, stipetteria. 
Cable ;    i.    cavo,  gomena.     2. 

mandare   per   cavo  sottoma- 

rino. 

Cablegram ;  cablogramma. 
Cabman ;  cocchiere. 
Caboose ;  cucina  di  nave. 
Cabriolet ;  calessino. 
Cabstand ;  stazione  di  carrozze. 
Cacao ;  id. 
Cachalot;  capidoglio. 
Cache ;  deposito  nascosto. 
Cachexy;  cachessia. 
Cachinnation;    riso   smodera- 

to. 

Cachou ;  casciu. 
Cackle ;    chiocciare,   schiamaz- 

zare,  cicalare. 
Cackling;  chioccio,  chiacchie- 

rio. 

Cacophony;  cacofonia. 
Cactus;  cacto. 
Cad;     figuro,    birichino,    sudi- 

cione,  sbarazzino,  villanzone. 
Cadaverous ;  cadaverico. 
Caddie ;  ragazzo. 
Caddis-fly;  friganea. 
Caddis-worm ;  legniperda. 
Caddish ;     sozzo,     lordo,     in- 

degno. 

Caddy  ;  scatola  da  te. 
Cadence;  cadenza. 
Cadet;  cadetto. 
Cadge ;     guadagnucchiare,    far 

ogni  sorta  di  mestieruccio. 
Cadger;     tivendugliolo,   chi   si 

guadagna  una  vita  meschina 

nelle  strade. 
Cadiz;  Cadice. 
Cadre;  quadro. 
Caducous;  caduco. 
Caecum ;  intestine  cieco. 


Caesura ;  cesura. 

Cafi ;        ristorante,      trattoria, 

caffe. 

Caftan ;  caffetano. 
Cage;    i.    gabbia.      2.    ingab- 

biare. 

Caique;  caicco. 
Cairn  ;  monticello  di  pietre. 
Caisson ;  cassone. 
Caitiff;  furfante. 
Cajole ;     lusingare,     ingannare 

con  moine,  piaggiare. 
Cajolery ;  moine,  vezzi. 
Cake;   i.  pasta,  focaccia,  schiac- 

ciata,    gato.       2.    pezzo    (di 

sapone),     forma     (di     cera), 

tavoletta  (di  cioccolata).     3. 

crosta.      4.     indurire,  incro- 

stare.     5.   rappigliarsi. 
Cake-shop ;  pasticceria. 
Calabash ;  y.ucca. 
Calais ;  Cale  or  Calese. 
Calamint ;  calaminta. 
Calamity ;  calamita. 
Calcareous ;  calcareo. 
Calceolaria ;  id. 
Calcine ;     calcinare,    abbrusto- 

lire. 

Calculate  ;  calcolare,  contare. 
Caldron ;  caldaia. 
Calendar ;  calendario. 
Calender;  mangano. 
Calends;  calende. 
Calf;     i.    vitello.        2.    polpa, 

polpaccio. 
Calibre;  calibro. 
Calico  ;  id.     Printed  — ,  india- 

na. 

Caligraphy ;  calligrafia. 
Caliph ;  califfo. 
Call;      i.    chiamare.        2.     far 

venire,  mandare  a  chiamare. 

3.  risvegliare.    4.  annunciare. 

5.    convocare.      6.    visitare. 

7.  —  oneself,  intitolarsi. 
8.  chiamata.     9.    appello. 

10.   invito,  vocazione. 
Call  again ;  rivenire. 
Call    aside ;     chiamar    in    di- 

s  parte. 

Call  away ;  chiamar  fuori. 
Call  back ;  richiamare. 
Call  for;  i.  chiedere.    2.  venir 

a  prendere.    To  be  — ed  for, 

fermo  in  posta. 
Call   forth ;    produrre,   far  na- 

scere. 

Call  in;  ritirare. 
Call   off;     i.    richiamare.      2. 

stornare. 
Call  out;    i.  gridare.      2.    far 

uscire.     3.  sfidare. 
Call  over  ;  far  1'  appello  di. 
Call  together ;  riunire. 


Call  to  mind;  richiamare  alia 

memoria. 

Call  up  ;  ridestare,  far  nascere. 
Call   upon ;    invocare,  ricorrere 

a. 

Call-boy ;  avvisatore. 
Calling ;  professione,  mestiere. 
Callipers ;    compasso   di   spes- 

sore. 

Callous;  calloso,  incallito. 
Callow ;  senza  penne,  nudo. 
Callus;  callo. 

Calm ;  calmo,tranquillo,  quieto. 
Calomel;  calomelano. 
Caloric  ;  id. 
Caltrops ;  tribolo. 
Calumet ;  id. 
Calumny;    calunnia,    diflama- 

zione. 

Calve;  figliare. 
Calvinism ;  id. 
Cam  ;  palmola,  dente,  nasello. 
Cambered ;  arcuato. 
Camberwell  beauty;    vanessa 

antiopa. 
Cambist;  id. 
Cambric ;  batista,  cambrl. 
Cambridge ;  Cambrigge. 
Camel;  cammello. 
Camel-driver;  cammelliere. 
Camellia;  camelia. 
Cameo ;  cammeo. 
Camlet;  cainmellotto. 
Camomile;  camomilla. 
Camp;    i.  campo.     2.  accam- 

pare. 

Campaign ;  campagna. 
Campanula ;  id. 
Camp-follower ;  rivendugliolo 

che     segue     le     truppe     in 

marcia. 

Camphor ;  canfora. 
Campion ;  Wild  red  — ,  gittone. 

Bladder  — ,  bubbolini. 
Camp-kettle ;  marmitta. 
Camp-shedding ;  cordonata. 
Camp-stool;     panchetto    pie- 

gatoio. 

Can;  i.  potere,  sapere.    2.  met- 
ier   in   iscatola.      A    tin    of 

canned  salmon,   una  scatola 

di    salmone.       3.     boccale, 

borraccia,  secchio  di  stagno, 

stagna,  vaso,  bidone. 
Canaan ;  Cana. 
Canaille ;  canaglia. 
Canal;  id. 

Canard ;  stellone,  carota. 
Canary;    i.    vino  di   Canaria. 

2.  canarino. 

Canary-seed ;  canaria. 
Cancel ;      cancellare,     scancel- 

lare. 
Cancer ;  canchero. 


Candid ;  candido,  ingenuo, 
sincero. 

Candidate;  id.,  pretendente. 

Candied;  candito. 

Candle ;  candela. 

Candlemas;  candelara. 

Candle-ring ;  padellina. 

Candlestick ;  candeliere. 

Candlewick;  stoppino,  lucigno- 
lo. 

Candour ;  candore. 

Candy;  i.  candire.  2.  candi- 
to. 

Candytuft ;  porcellana. 

Cane;  i.  canna,  giunco.  2. 
mazza,  bastone.  3.  basto- 
nare. 

Cane-brake ;  canneto. 

Cane-chair  ;  sedia  di  canna. 

Cane-sugar;  /uccherodicanna. 

Canine ;  id. 

Caning;  bastonatura. 

Canister;  scatola. 

Canker;  i.  ulcera,  canchero. 
2.  corrodere. 

Canker-worm ;  bruco. 

Cannibal;  /',/. 

Cannon;  i.  cannone.  2.  ca- 
rambola. 

Cannonade ;  cannonata. 

Canny;  fmo,  astuto. 

Canoe ;  canotto,  piroga. 

Canon;  i.  canone.  2.  canoni- 
co. 

Canopy;  i.  baldacchino,  volta. 
2.  coprire  con  baldacchino. 

Cant;  t.  bacchettoneria.  2.  di 
voga.  3.  inchinare,  sbandare. 
4.  —  timbers,  u,uinti  deviati. 

Cantankerous;  bisbetico,  diffi- 
cile, retroso,  duro. 

Cantata;  id. 

Canteen;  cantina. 

Canter;  i.  piccolo  galoppo. 
2.  andare  al  piccolo  galoppo. 

Canterbury ;  Cantorberi. 

Canterbury  bell ;  campanula. 

Cantharides;  cantaridi. 

Canticle;  cantica. 

Canton;  id. 

Canvas ;  canavaccio,  tela. 

Canvass;  i.  sollecitare,  bri- 
gare.  2.  esaminare,  discu- 
tere. 

Canyon ;  burrone. 

Caoutchouc ;  caucciii. 

Cap;  i.  berretta,  berrettino, 
cuffia,  cappello.  2.  capsula, 
cappellotto.  3.  incorona- 
mento,  coperchio.  4.  fulmi- 
nante.  5.  incoronare.  6. 
salutare.  7.  sorpassare. 
Capable  ;  capace,  atto,  suscetti- 
bile. 


CAPACIOUS— CATCH  AT 


xvn 


Capacious ;     vasto,    spazioso, 

ampio. 
Capacity ;      capacita,     abilita, 

sapere. 

Cap-a-pie  ;  da  capo  a  piedi. 
Caparison;  i .  gualdrappa.    2. 

ingualdrappare. 
Cape  ;    i.  capo.      2.  mantello, 

baverone,  casacchino. 
Cape  gooseberry ;  ciliegine  del 

Capo  di  Buona  Speranza. 
Caper;    i.   capriola.      2.   cap- 

pero. 

Capercailzie  ;  gallo  cedrone. 
Caper  spurge ;  catapuzia. 
Capillary;  capillare. 
Capital;   i.  capitale,  principale, 

ottimo.     2.  fondo.     3.  capi- 
tale, metropoli.    4.  capitello. 

5.   maiuscola. 
Capital-ise,  -ist ;  id. 
Capitol ;  campidoglio. 
Capitular  ;  capitolare. 
Cap-maker;  berrettaio. 
Capon  ;  cappone. 
Capot ;  capotto. 
Caprice  ;  capriccio,  fantasia. 
Capsicum ;  peperone. 
Capsize ;     capovolgere,    capo- 

voltare. 

Capstan ;  argano. 
Capsule ;  cassula. 
Captain  ;  capitano,  capo. 
Captaincy ;  grado  di  capitano. 
Captious ;  cavilloso,  sofistico. 
Captivate;  cattivarsi.  invaghire, 

innamorare. 
Captivating;  incantevole.sedu- 

cente. 

Captive ;  prigioniero. 
Captivity ;  prigionia,  cattivita. 
Captor;     chi   cattura,    cattura- 

tore. 
Capture ;     i.     cattura,     presa. 

i.    catturare. 
Capuchin;  cappuccino. 
Car;    carro,   carretta,   carrozza, 

vagone. 

Caracole  ;  caracollare. 
Caramel;  caramella. 
Carapace  ;  guscio  della  testug- 

gine. 

Carat ;  carato. 
Caravan  ;  carovana. 
Caraway ;  comino  tedesco  colti- 

vato. 

Carbine  ;  carabina. 
Carbon  ;  carbonio. 
Carboy;  boccale,  damigiana. 
Carbuncle;  carbonchio. 
Carburetter ;  carburatore. 
Carcase  ;  carcame,  carcassa. 
Card;   i.  carta,  biglietto,  carto- 

lina.     2.  lista.     3.  Court — , 

figura.     4.  cardare. 
Cardamom  ;  id. 
Cardan  joint;  cardano. 
Card-case  ;  portabiglietti. 
Cardinal ;  id. 
Card-maker;  cartaio. 
Cardoon  ;  cardone. 
Card-table  ;  tavola  da  giuoco. 
Care;       I.      cura,     attenzione. 

i.  inquietudine.sollecitudine. 

3.  Full  of  — ,  impensierito. 

4.  Take   — ,  badare,  curare, 
guardarea.     5.  — of  Mr  A., 
presso  il   signor  A.      6.    in- 
quietarsi,  curare,   darsi  pen- 
siero  o  briga.     7.    I  do  not 

H. 


— ,    non     me    ne    importa 

niente,  poco  mi  fa,  me  n'  im- 

pipo.     8.    not  to  care  to  ..., 

non  sentirsi  disposto. 
Careen  ;  carenare. 
Career;    i.  camera,  corsa.     ^. 

correre  velocemente. 
Careful ;       accurate,      attento, 

diligente,    esatto,    prudente, 

sollecito. 
Careless ;    spensierato,    trascu- 

rato,  negligente,  senza  cura, 

incurante. 
Carelessness ;     spensieratezza, 

trascuranza,  noncuranza. 
Caress;     i.      carezza,     amore- 

volezza.     i.  accarezzare,  vez- 

zeggiare. 

Caret ;  chiamata. 
Cargo ;  carico. 
CaribbeeIslands;isolede'Can- 

nibali. 

Caricature ;  caricatura. 
Caries;  carie. 
Carillon  ;  cariglione. 
Carking;  cocente. 
Carline  thistle  ;  carlina. 
Carlisle;  Carlilla. 
Carman  ;  carrettiere. 
Carmelite ;  carmelitano. 
Carmine  ;  carminio. 
Carnage;  strage,  macello. 
Carnal ;  id. 
Carnation;     i.    garofano.      2. 

carnagione  incarnatino. 
Carnival ;  carnevale. 
Carnivorous  ;  carnivoro. 
Carob ;  carruba. 
Carol;   i.  canzone,     i.  Christ- 
mas     — ,      pastorella.       3. 

gorgheggiare. 
Carousal ;  gozzoviglia,   sbevaz- 

zamento,  crapula. 
Carp;    i.    carpione.      i.  cavil- 

lare,  trovar  da  ridire. 
Carpenter;  legnaiolo,   falegna- 

me.     Ship's  — ,  carpentiere. 
Carpentering ;       mestiere     di 

legnaiolo  ecc. 
Carper;  criticonzolo. 
Carpet;      i.     tappeto,     soppe- 

daneo.     2.  tappezzare. 
Carpet-bag  ;  sacco  da  viaggio. 
Carpet  bagger ;   avventuriere. 
Carpet-knight ;     cavaliere    da 

salotto. 
Carping;   i.  criticante,  stizzoso, 

cavilloso.      i.    critica  minu- 

ziosa. 
Carriage  ;    i.   porto,  trasporto. 

2.    spese  di  porto.      3.  car- 
rozza,  vettura.      4.    vagone. 

5.   affusto.      6.    portamento, 

andatura,  aria.     7.    —  free, 

franco  di  porto.    8.  —  horse, 

cavallo  da  carrozza. 
Carriage-builder ;  carrozziere. 
Carriage  paid  ;  porto  franco. 
Carriage  road ;  strada  carroz- 

zabile. 
Carrier;     i.    portatore,    latore, 

messaggero.        2.     spedizio- 

niere.     3.  portamantelli.    4. 

—    pigeon,    piccione     viag- 

giatore. 

Carrion  ;  carogna. 
Carronade ;  carronada. 
Carrot;  carota. 
Carroty ;     color    carota,    ros- 

signo. 


Carry  ;  i.  portare,  trasportare, 
menare,  condurre,  sopportare, 
sostenere.  i.  espugnare. 

Carry  about ;  portar  addosso. 

Carry  along ;  trascinare,  strap- 
pare. 

Carry  away;  togliere,  portar 
via,  ottenere. 

Carry  back;  riportare,  risalire. 

Carry  forward ;  riportare. 

Carry  it  high ;  impettirsi,  far  la 
da  grande. 

Carry  on  ;  spingere,  condurre, 
intrattenere,  continuare. 

Carry  oneself;  diportarsi 

Carry   out;      r.     portar    fuori. 

2.  metter    in   pratica,   com- 
piere. 

Carry  over ;  riportare,  tra- 
sportare. 

Carry  through ;  condurre  a 
buon  tine,  cavar  d'  impaccio. 

Carry  up  ;  portar  su. 

Cart;  i.  carretta,  camione, 
carrettone.  2.  trasportare. 

3.  Put    the   —   before    the 
horse,    mettere   il   carro    in- 
nanzi  a'  buoi. 

Cartage ;  porto,  trasporto,  con- 

dotta. 

Carte-blanche ;  carta  bianca. 
Cartel ;  cartello,  sfida. 
Carter;  carrettiere. 
Carthusian ;  certosino. 
Cartilage ;  cartilagine. 
Cart-load ;  carrett'ata. 
Cartoon;  cartone. 
Cartouche ;  cartoccio,  giberna. 
Cartridge  ;  cartuccia,  cartoccio. 

Blank  — ,  cartuccia  da  salve. 

—  extractor,  levacariche. 
Cartridge  paper;  cartastracca. 
Cart-rope ;  corda  grossa. 
Cart-rut ;  rotaia. 
Carve  ;  cesellare,  intagliare,  in- 

cidere,  scolpire. 
Carver ;  incisore,  scultore. 
Carving ;     incisione,    scultura, 

cesellatura,  intaglio. 
Carving-fork ;  forchettone. 
Carving-knife ;  trinciante. 
Caryatid;  cariatide. 
Cascade ;  cascata. 
Case;    i.  cassa,  scatola,  astuc- 

cio,    fodero,    guaina,    busta. 

2.   caso,  esempio.      3.  stato. 

4.  incassare,  serrare. 
Case-hardened ;        cementato 

alia  superficie. 
Casemate ;  casamatta. 
Casement;  finestra a gangheri. 
Case-shot ;  mitraglia. 
Cash  ;   i.  contante,  numerario, 

fondo  di  cassa ;    Out  of  — , 

corto  a  quattrini.      2.   cam- 

biare. 

Cash-book  ;  libro  di  cassa. 
Cash-box ;  cassetta. 
Cashier;    i.  cassiere.      2.   cas- 

sare,  licenziare. 
Cashmere  wool ;  cascimirra. 
Casing;  rivestimento,  astuccio, 

fodero,  guaina. 
Cask;  botte,  barile,  fusto. 
Casket ;  cassetta,  astuccio. 
Casque  ;  casco. 
Cassation;  id. 
Cassia ;  id. 
Cassock;  sottana. 
Cassowary;  casuario. 


Cast;  i.  gettare,  lanciare,  pre- 
cipitare,  buttare ;  • —  a  duty 
upon,  metter  a  carica  di. 
2.  perdere.  3.  cambiare 
(pelle).  4.  sommare.  5. 
fondere,  modellare. 

Cast  about;  i.  spargere.  2. 
riflettere,  scervellarsi.arrovel- 
larsi  il  cervello  ;  I  was  casting 
about  to  find  some  excuse, 
mi  arrovellavo  il  cervello  per 
trovare  una  scusa. 

Cast  a  shoe  ;  sferrarsi. 

Cast  aside ;  rigettare,  ribut- 
tare. 

Cast  down  ;  i.  abbattere.  2. 
deprimere,  affliggere.  3.  ab- 
bassare  (occhi). 

Cast  forth  ;  gettar  fuori. 

Cast  off;  i.  lasciare,  rigettare. 
^.  licenziare.  3.  scuotere. 

Cast  out ;  scacciare. 

Cast  up;  i.  calcolare,  som- 
mare. 2.  esalare.  3.  vomi- 
tare. 

Cast  upon ;  avere  ricorso  a, 
metter  a  carica  di. 

Castanets;  castagnette. 

Castaway;  i.  reprobo.  t.  nau- 
frago,  derelitto. 

Castellated;  merlato. 

Castigate  ;  gastigare. 

Castile;  Castiglia. 

Casting-net;  giacchio,  ritre- 
cine. 

Casting-vote ;  voto  decisivo. 

Cast-iron ;  ghisa. 

Castle;  i.  castello.  2.  roc- 
care. 

Castor;  i.  castoro.  2.  ampol- 
lina.  3.  rotella. 

Castor-oil ;  olio  di  ricino. 

Castrate ;  castrare. 

Casual ;  id. 

Casualty;  i.  accidente,  sini- 
stro.  i.  list  of  casualties, 
lista  di  morti  e  ferili. 

Casuist ;  casuista. 

Casuistry ;  casuistica. 

Cat ;  i.  gatto.  2.  staffile, 
sferza.  3.  caponare  (!'  an- 
cora). 

Catachresis ;  catacresi. 

Cataclysm ;  cataclisma. 

Catacomb;  catacomba. 

Catalepsy ;  catalessi. 

Catalogue;  i.  catalogo.  2.  re- 
gislrare,  catalogare. 

Cataplasm  ;  cutaplasma. 

Catapult ;  catapulta. 

Cataract ;  cataratta,  cascata. 

Catarrh  ;  catarro. 

Catastrophe ;  catastrofe. 

Cat-call;  fischietto. 

Catch;  i.  cogliere,  prendere, 
riparare,  acchiappare,  affer- 
rare,  pigliare,  buscare,  cattu- 
rare, raggiungere,  metter  in 
mezzo,  ingannare,  colpire  (la 
vista),  sorprendere.  2.  Be 
caught,  attaccarsi,  esser 
preso.  3.  presa,  cattura, 
bottino,  retata.  4.  uncino, 
scattino,  piegatello,  nasello, 
spagnoletta.  5.  ritornel- 
lo. 

Catch  at;  aflerrare  avidamente. 
A  drowning  man   will  — 
a    straw-,     un     naufrago     si 
attacca  ai  rasoi. 


XV111 


CATCH  COLD— CHARGE 


Catch  cold ;  infreddare. 
Catch    hold    of;     impugnare, 

attaccarsi  a,  afferrare. 
Catching;  attaccaticcio,  conta- 

gioso. 
Catch    out;      i.    scoprire  sul 

fatto,  prender  in  trappola.    2. 

al  gioco  di  '  cricket,'  prender 

una  palla  colpita  in  aria  dal 

'  batsman  '  prima  che  cada  in 

terra. 

Catch  up  ;  raggiungere. 
Catch-word  ;  richiamo. 
Catechise  ;  catechizzare. 
Catechumen ;  catecumeno. 
Category ;  id. 
Cater ;  provvedere. 
Caterer ;  provveditore. 
Caterpillar;  bruco. 
Caterwaul ;  miagolare. 
Gates ;    vivande,  squisite,  deli- 

catezze. 

Catgut ;  corda  di  minugia. 
Cathedral ;  duomo,  caltedrale. 
Catherine  wheel ;  girandola. 
Catheter ;  catetero. 
Catholic  ;  cattolico. 
Catkin  ;  gatto,  amento,  gattino. 
Catmint ;  menta  de'  gatti. 
Cat's  cradle ;  ripiglino. 
Cat's    eye ;     occhio   di   gatto, 

bellocchio. 
Catspaw;     i.     strumento    in- 

volontario.  i.  brezzolina. 
Cat's  thyme  ;  timo  de'  gatti. 
Catsup  ;  salsa  con  funghi  sotto 

aceto. 

Cattle ;  bestiame. 
Cattle    shed ;     stalla   del    be- 
stiame. 
Caucus  ;    riunione  preparativa 

di  partito. 
Caudal ;  id. 
Caudle  ;  vino  caldo  (zucchera- 

to). 

Caul ;  cuffia. 
Cauldron  ;  calderone. 
Cauliflower;  cavolfiore. 
Caulk;  calafatare. 
Cause;   i.  causa,  cagione,  mo- 

tivo,    luogo.       i.    processo, 

lite.     3.  fare  (with  a  verb) ; 

She  — d  him   to  do  it,  ella 

lo    fece    farlo,     lo    fece    far 

cosl.     4.  cagionare. 
Causeless ;  senza  causa. 
Causelessness ;      assenza     di 

causa. 

Causer ;  causa,  autore. 
Causeway ;  marciapiedi,  terra- 

pieno,  sterrato. 
Caustic ;  id. 
Cauterise  ;  cauterizzare. 
Caution;     i.   prudenza,   giudi- 

zio,  cautela,  cauzione,  circo- 

spezione.      i.    avvertimento, 

avviso.      3.     avvertire,    pre- 

munire,  prevenire. 
Cautious ;  cauto,  accorto. 
Cavalcade  ;  cavalcata. 
Cavalier;      i.     cavaliere.       2. 

brusco,  altezzoso,  alterigio. 
Cavalry ;  cavalleria. 
Cave ;    caverna,   grotta,  antro, 

spelonca. 

Cavesson  ;  cavezzone. 
Caviare;  caviale. 
Cavil ;     i.    cavillare,  criticare, 

litigare  con  raggiri.     j.    ca- 

villo- 


Cavilling;  sofistico,  cavilloso. 

Cavity ;  cavita,  buco. 

Caw  ;  gracchiare. 

Cayenne     pepper;     pepe    di 

Caienna. 

Cayman ;  caimanno. 
Cease ;  cessare. 
Ceaseless ;     incessante,     con- 
tinue. 

Cedar;  cedro. 
Cede  ;  cedere,  abbandonare. 
Cedilla;  cediglia. 
Ceil ;  soffittare. 
Ceiling;  soffitto. 
Celandine  ;  celidonia. 
Celebes;  Celebi. 
Celebrant ;  id. 
Celebrate ;  celebrare. 
Celeriac ;  apio  navone. 
Celerity;  id. 
Celery ;  apio,  sedano. 
Celestial ;  id. 
Celibate;  celibe. 
Cell ;  cella,  cellula,  alveolo. 
Cellar ;  cantina,  canova. 
Cellarage ;      cantine,     magaz- 

zinaggio. 

Cellaret ;  cassa  da  liquori. 
Cellarman  ;    cantiniere,  botti- 

gliere. 

Cellul-ar,  -oid ;  id. 
Celtic ;  celtico. 
Cement;   i.  id.     i.  cementare, 

assodare,  saldare. 
Cemetery;  cimiterio. 
Cenobite;  cenobita. 
Cenotaph  ;  cenotafio. 
Censer ;  turibolo  incensiere. 
Censor ;  id.,  critico. 
Censorious;  censorio. 
Censoriousness ;  severita. 
Censorship ;  censorato. 
Censure ;  biasimare,  censurare. 
Census ;  censo. 
Cent ;    r.  cento,     i.  soldo. 
Centaur ;  id. 
Centaury;  centaurea. 
Centenarian ;  centenario. 
Centenary ;  centenario. 
Centering ;  v.  Centring. 
Centi-grade,  -gramme, -litre, 

-meter;  id. 
Centime ;  centesimo. 
Centipede ;  centogambe. 
Central ;  centrale. 
Centralise  ;  centralizzare. 
Centre;     i.    centro.       2.    con- 

centrare,  porre  nel  centro. 
Centrifugal ;  centrifuge. 
Centring;  centina. 
Centripetal ;  centripeto. 
Centumvir ;  id. 
Centuple ;  id. 
Century ;  secolo. 
Ceramic  ;  id. 
Cerastes  ;  cerasta. 
Cereal ;  id. 
Cerebral ;  id. 

Ceremony;  cerimonia.     With- 
out — ,  senza  compliment!. 
Certain ;     sicuro,    certo,   fisso. 

A  —  man,  un  tale  ;  pi,  certi, 

alcuni. 
Certainly ;   sicuramente,  certa- 

mente. 
Certainty;  certezza,  cosacerta, 

il  certo. 
Certificate ;  certificate,  attesta- 

to,  fede. 
Certify ;  certificare. 


Certitude ;  certezza. 

Cerulean  ;  ceruleo. 

Ceruse;  cerussa. 

Cervical ;  id. 

Cessation ;  cessazione. 

Cession ;  id. 

Cesspool ;   smaltitoio,  bottino, 

pozzo  nero. 
Cestus ;  cesto. 
Cetacean ;  cetaceo. 
Ceylon ;  Ceilan,  Seilan. 
Chafe  ;   i.   fregare,  stropicciare. 

1.  logorare.      3.    scaldarsi, 
irri  tarsi. 

Chafer ;  scarafaggio. 

Chaff;   i.  pagliola,  pula,  loppa. 

2.  paglia  trinciata.     3.  mot- 
teggio,  befia.     4.  canzonare, 
sbeffare,  beffeggiare,  motteg- 
giare. 

Chaff-cutter ;  trinciapaglia, 
falcione  a  ruota,  falce  a 
gramola. 

Chaffer ;  mercanteggiare,  con- 
trattare,  stiracchiare. 

Chaffinch  ;  fringuello. 

Chagrin  ;  dispiacere,  dolore. 

Chain;    i.  catena.      2.   traina. 

3.  concatenamento.      4.    in- 
catenare. 

Chain  shot ;  bombe  incatenate. 
Chain   stitch ;   punto  a  cate- 

nella. 
Chair;      i.      sedia,     seggiola. 

1.  seggio.       3.    portantina. 

4.  Mr  A.  in  the  — ,  sotto  la 
presidenza     del     Signer    A. 

5.  cuscinetto.      6.    cattedra. 

7.  Bath   — ,  carrozzella   da 
ammalato,  poltrona  girante. 

8.  easy     — ,      seggiolone. 

9.  long  — ,  deck  — ,  cislonga, 
greppina.      10.     Windsor — , 
sedia  di  legno.      n.   Leave 
the     — ,     levar    la    sedula. 
u.      Chair  !     All'    ordine  ! 
13.    portar  in  trionfo. 

Chairmaker ;  seggiolaio. 
Chairman  ;  presidente. 
Chairmender ;  rimpagliatore. 
Chaise ;  calesse,  biroccio. 
Chalcedony ;  calcedonia. 
Chaldron ;  tredici  ettolitri. 
Chalice  ;  calice,  coppa. 
Chalk;   i.  creta,  calcare bianco, 

gesso.       2.    —  out,  segnare 

con  gesso. 

Chalk-pit ;  cava  di  creta. 
Chalky ;  cretoso. 
Challenge;    i.    sfida,  cartello 

(di       sfida),      provocazione. 

2.  rigetto   (d'   un    giurato). 

3.  sfidare,  provocare.   4.  con- 
testare.     5.  fermare  (col  Chi 
va  la?). 

Challenger;  i.  sfidatore,  pro- 
vocatore.  2.  accusatore. 

Chalybeate  ;  calibeato. 

Chamber  ;  i .  camera,  stanza. 
2.  gabinetto. 

Chamberlain ;  ciambellano, 
camerlingo. 

Chambermaid ;  cameriera. 

Chameleon  ;  camaleonte. 

Chamfer ;  scanalare. 

Chamois  ;  camoscio. 

Champ ;  rodere,  masticare. 

Champagne  ;  sciampagna. 

Champaign ;  di  pianura,  aperto, 


Champion;    i.    campione,  di- 

fensore.     2.  difendere,  soste- 

nere  la  parte  di. 
Chance;       i.     caso,     Ventura, 

probabilita,  sorte,  accidente. 

i.     occasione,     opportunita. 

3.  Never  by  any  — ,  mai  e 
pot  mai.     4.  casuale.     5.  ac- 
cadere,  succedere,   avvenire. 
6.  trovarsi  per  caso.    7.  arri- 
schiare. 

Chancel ;  coro. 

Chancellor ;  cancelliere.  Lord 
— ,  gran  cancelliere. 

Chancery  ;  cancelleria. 

Chancre  ;  piaga  sifilitica. 

Chandelier  ;  candelabra. 

Chandler  ;  fornitore. 

Change  ;  i .  cambiare,  variare, 
scambiare,  permutire,  mu- 
tare,  convertire,  cangiare, 
alterare.  2.  vicenda,  cambia- 
mento,  vicissitudine,  altera- 
zione.  3.  Small  — ,  moneta, 
spezzati,  spiccioli.  4.  borsa. 

Changeable ;  variabile,  can- 
giante,  incostante,  instabile. 

Changeless  ;  immutabile. 

Changeling;  i.  infante  sosti- 
tuito  dalle  fate.  2.  bambi- 
nuccio. 

Channel;  i.  canale,  rigo.  2. 
British  — ,  Canale  della 
Manica.  3.  scanalatura. 

4.  via,  mezzo. 

Chant;  i.  canto fermo.  2.  can- 
tare. 

Chanter ;  cantore. 
Chanterelle ;    canterello,    pru- 

nello,  cromatico. 
Chanticleer ;  gallo. 
Chaos;  caos. 
Chap;    i.    coso.    2.  Little — , 

carino.     3.  screpolatura,  cre- 

patura,     fessura.        4.     — s, 

mascella,  gola. 
Chapel ;  cappella,  chiesetta. 
Chaperon  ;   persona  attempata 

che     accompagna    una    gio- 

vanetta. 

Chaplain ;  cappellano. 
Chaplet ;  corona,  rosario. 
Chapman ;     merciaiolo   ambu- 

lante. 

Chapped ;  fesso,  screpolato. 
Chapter  ;  capitolo. 
Chapter-house ;  capitolo. 
Char ;     i .    salmarino.      2.  car- 

bonizzare,  bruciacchiare. 
Character;     i.    carattere.      2. 

segno.     3.  lettera.     4.  tipo. 

5.  certificate.    6.  parte,  per- 
sonaggio. 

Characterise  ;  caratterizzare. 

Charade  ;  sciarada. 

Charcoal;   i.  carbone.    2.  car- 
boncino   per   disegnare.     - 
drawing,  aisegno  al  carbon- 
cine. 

Chare  ;  far  i  servizii,  lavorare  a 
giornata. 

Charge ;  i.  carico,  carica, 
soma.  2.  carica,  ufEcio. 

3.  carico,     accusa,     conto. 

4.  incarico,      incombenza. 

5.  prezzo.      Customary  — , 
prezzo   solito.      6.    — s,    re- 
capiti  (gli   effetti   e   i   docu- 
ment!   relativi).       7.     (eccl.) 
mandamento.      8.   custodia 


CHARGEABLE— CHLOROFORM 


XIX 


guardia.       9.    ipoteca,    atto 
ipotecario. 

10.  caricare.  n.  prescri- 
vere,  imporre.  12.  affidare, 
incaricare,  incombenzare. 
13.  imputare,  incolpare,  ac- 
cusare.  14.  —  for,  metier 
in  conto,  o  in  fatttua. 

Chargeable ;     imputabile,    im- 
ponibile,  accusabile. 

Charger;  i.  coppa.  2.  caval- 
lo  di  battaglia. 

Chariot ;  carro,  carrozza. 

Charioteer ;  conduttore  di  car- 
ro. 

Chariot-race ;  corsa  di  carri. 

Charitable ;  caritatevole. 

Charity ;  carita,  elemosina, 
opera  pia. 

Charity  school ;  scuola  gra- 
tuita. 

Charlatan ;  ciarlatano,  can- 
tambanco. 

Charles  ;  Carlo. 

Charles's  Wain ;  Carro  di 
Boote. 

Charlock ;  erba  falcona,  senapa 
de'  campi. 

Charm;  i.  incanto.  2.  fascino, 
vaghezza,  piacevolezza.  3. 
vezzo.  4.  incantare,  ammali- 
are,  affascinare.  5.  invaghire. 

6.  —  away,  scongiurare. 
Charmer;  incant-atore, -atrice, 

affascinatore,  mag-o,  -a. 
Charming;    incantevole,   affa- 

scinante,  piacevolissimo,  vez- 

zoso. 

Charnel-house ;  carnaio. 
Charpie ;  faldella,  fila. 
Chart ;  carta  marina. 
Charter;   r.  patente,  privilegio,  • 

statuto,  carta  costituzionale. 

•2.  noleggiare. 
Charter-party ;     contralto    di 

noleggio. 

Chartist ;  cartista. 
Charwoman ;       operaia      alia 

giornata,  giornante. 
Chary ;  cauto,  economo,  avaro. 
Charybdis;  Cariddi. 
Chase;    i.  caccia.     2.   foresta. 

3.    scanalatura.       4.    telaio. 

5.    inseguire.       6.    cacciare. 

7.  cesellare,  incastrare. 
Chasing;   i.  caccia.     2.  cesel- 

latura. 
Chasm ;      fessura,    spaccatura, 

lacuna,  vacuo. 
Chassis;  telaio. 
Chaste ;  casto,  purgato. 
Chasten ;      castigare,     correg- 

gere. 

Chastise  ;  gastigare,  punire. 
Chastity ;  castita. 
Chasuble ;  pianeta. 
Chat;     i.    ciarlare,    chiacchie- 

rare.      t.    conversazioncina, 

chiacchierata,  ciarla. 
Chattels ;  beni  mobili. 
Chatter;  i.  ciarlare,  cianciare, 

chiacchierare,   cicalare,   gar- 

rire,  ciaramellare.      2.    stri- 

dere. 
Chatterer,  Chatterbox;  chiac- 

chierone,  ciancione,  ciarliero, 

cicalino. 

Chattering;  cicaleccio. 
Chatting ;  ciarla,  cicalamento. 
Chatty;  loquace,  garrulo. 


Chauffeur;  meccanico. 
Chauvinist ;     patriotta    fanati- 

co. 

Chaw ;  masticare,  ciccare. 
Chawbacon ;  villanzone. 
Cheap ;     a    buon    mercato,    a 
buon  patto,  poco  costoso,  di 
poco     valore,     poco     caro. 
Very  — ,  a  vil  prezzo. 
Cheapen ;     ridurre   in   prezzo, 
diminuire  il  prezzo  di,  rinvi- 
liare,  stiracchiare  sul  prezzo. 
Cheaper;  meno  costoso,  a  mi- 

glior  mercato. 
Cheapest ;  il  meno  caro. 
Cheap-jack ;  merciaiolo. 
Cheaply ;    a  buon  prezzo,  con 

poca  spesa. 
Cheapness ;      buon     mercato, 

rinvilio,  basso  prezzo. 
Cheat;  i.  ingannare,  truflare, 
barare,  frodare,  defraudare, 
giuntare.  2.  inganno,  truffa, 
frode,  furberia.  3.  furbo, 
barattiere,  giuntatore. 
Check;  i.  reprimere,  fermare, 
arrestare,  ritenere,  frenare, 
contenere,  moderare.  i.  con- 
trollare,  verificare,  riscon- 
trare.  3.  dare  scacco  a. 
4.  freno,  ripressione.  5.  con- 
trollo.  6.  bollettino  di  ba- 
gaglio.  7.  contromarca. 
8.  telaquadrettata.  9.  scac- 
co. 
Checker ;  veditore,  controllore, 

verificatore. 

Checkmate  ;  scacco  matto. 
Checkrail ;    rotaia   parallela  a 

un'  altra. 

Checkstring;  cordone. 
Checktaker;  ricevitore  di  con- 

tromarche. 

Cheek;    i.    guancia,  gota.     — 
by  jowl,  testa  a  testa,     i.  co- 
scia.     3.  v.  Cheeky. 
Cheek-bone  ;  osso  malare. 
Cheeky ;      impudente,    ardito, 

sfacciato,  sfrontato. 
Cheep  ;  pigolare. 
Cheeper;  pulcino. 
Cheer;    r.    rallegrare,  incorag- 
giare.    2.  applaud  ire,  gridare 
evviva.      3.    Be  of  good  — , 
prender    coraggio.      4.    ap- 
plauso,    acclamazione,    urra. 
5.  trattamento,  tavola.    6.  — 
up  !  animo  !  coraggio  ! 
Cheerful ;    gaio,    allegro,  con- 
tento,  lieto,  di  buon  umore, 
animato,  ridente,  giocondo. 
Cheerfulness ;   allegria,  gaiez- 

za,  buon  umore. 
Cheerily;  coraggiosamente,  vo- 

lontieri. 

Cheering;     i.    rallegrante,  in- 
coraggiante,  consolante.     i. 
evviva,  applauso  strepitoso. 
Cheerless;  tiiste. 
Cheery  ;  allegro,  lieto. 
Cheese ;  formaggio,  cacio. 
Cheese-cake ;  tortelletta,  pasta 

reale. 
Cheese-mite  ;  acaro  del  cacio, 

tarma. 

Cheesemonger ;  formaggiaio. 
Cheeseparing;  parsimoniame- 

schina. 

Cheesy ;  caseoso. 
Cheetah ;  ghepardo. 


Chemical ;  chimico. 
Chemise  ;  camicia. 
Chemisette ;  camiciola. 
Chemist ;  i.  chimico.     2.  spe- 

ziale,  farmacista. 
Chemistry ;  chimica. 
Chenille;   ciniglia. 
Cheque ;       mandato,     assegno 

bancario,  scecche. 
Cheque-book ;     libretto   degli 

assegni. 

Chequer  ;  screziare.  A  — ed 
career,  una  vita  plena  d'  inci- 
denti,  o  diversificata. 
Cherish ;  accarezzare,  amare 
teneramente,  nutrire,  proteg- 
gere. 

Cheroot ;  sigaro  senza  punta. 
Cherry;    i.  ciliegia.     2.   rosso, 

vermiglio. 
Cherry  brandy;  ciliegenell'ac- 

quavite. 

Cherry  laurel ;  lauroceraso. 
Cherry  orchard  ;  ciliegeto. 
Cherry  pie  flower;  vainiglia 

de'  giardini. 
Cherry     stone ;     nocciolo    di 

ciliegia. 

Cherry  tree ;  ciliegio. 
Cherub  ;  cherubino. 
Chervil ;  cerfoglio. 
Chess  ;  scacchi.     Game  of  — , 

partita  di  scacchi. 
Chess-board ;  scacchiere. 
Chess-man ;  pezzo. 
Chess-player ;      giocatore    di 

scacchi. 

Chest;    i.    cassa,  scrigno,  for- 

ziere.    2.  casso,  torace,  petto. 

3.     —    of    drawers,   casset- 

tone,  com6. 

Chested;    Broad   — ,    pettoru- 

to. 

Chestnut;  i.  castagna,  mar- 
rone.  2.  (gergo)  storiella 
vecchia.  3.  -  coloured, 
castagno.  4.  —  tree,  ca- 
stagno.  5.  horse  — ,  ippo- 
castano. 

Cheval-glass ;  specchio  mo- 
bile. 

Chevalier;  cavaliere. 
Chevaux  de  frise ;   cavalli  di 

Frisia. 

Chevron;  i.  capriolo.  i.  gal- 
lone. 

Chew ;  masticare,  ruminare. 
Chicane ;  cavillo,  sofisticheria, 

rigiro,  inganno,  trufieria. 
Chick ;  pulcino,  pollastro. 
Chicken-hearted  ;  pauroso. 
Chick-pea  ;  cece. 
Chicken-pox;  morviglione. 
Chickweed ;  centocchio. 
Chicory  ;  cicorea. 
Chide ;      biastmare,     sgridare, 

strapazzare. 

Chief;     t.     primo,    principale. 
2.    capo;   — s,  maggiorenti. 
Chiefly ;  principalmente. 
Chieftain ;      capo,     capitano, 

comandantc. 
Chiff-chaff;  mi. 
Chilblain ;  gelone. 
Child ;       fanciullo,       figliuolo, 
bambino,    ragazzo,     bimbo. 
From   a   — ,    sino    dall'   in- 
fanzia,  dalla  culla.     With  — , 
incinta. 
Child-bearing;  parto. 


Childhood ;    infanzia,    fanciul- 

lezza. 

Child-like ;  fanciullesco. 
Chili;  Chill. 
Chill;     i.    freddo,   ghiacciato. 

2.  freddo,    freddura ;    Cold 
— s,  brividi,  ribrezzi  di  febbre. 

3.  freddare,      raffreddare, 
ghiacciare. 

Chillies ;  gusci  del  pepe  della 
Caienna. 

Chilliness ;  freddura,  freddo, 
brivido,  sensazione  di  fred- 
do. 

Chilly ;  freddo,  freddoloso, 
freddoso,  ghiacciato. 

Chime;  i.  sonare  a  festa  ; 
chiming  clock,  orologio  a 
cariglione.  2.  accordarsi, 
unirsi.  3.  —  in,  far  coro. 

4.  scampanio,  cariglione. 
Chimera;  id. 
Chimerical ;  chimerico. 
Chimney;   gola  del  cammino, 

cammino. 
Chimney-corner ;     canto    del 

cammino. 

Chimney-glass;   camminiera. 
Chimney-piece;     cornice   del 

cammino. 
Chimney-sweep;    spazzacam- 

mino. 

Chimpanzee ;  scimpanze. 
Chin ;  mento. 
China;   i.  porcellana,  stoviglie. 

2.  Cina,  China. 

China  aster;  astro  Regina 
Margherita. 

China-shop;  negozio  di  porcel- 
lana. 

Chin-cloth;  bavaglio. 

Chine;  schiena. 

Chinese  white ;  bianchetto. 

Chink;  i.  fessura,  fesso,  crepac- 
cio,  crepatura.  2.  tintinno. 

3.  suonare,  tintinnare. 
Chin-strap  ;  sottogola. 
Chintz;  Indiana,  tela  dipinta. 
Chip;     i.    scheggia,    bruciolo, 

truciolo.       2.    scantonatura. 

3.      truciolare,     scantonare, 

scheggiare,  sbriciolare.    4.  — 

in,  interporsi,  interrompere, 

frapporsi. 

Chipper ;  scalpellatore. 
Chippy ;     malaticcio    per   aver 

troppo  bevuto  la  sera  prece- 

dente. 

Chirograph  ;  chirografo. 
Chiromancy ;  chiromanzia. 
Chiropodist ;  pedicure. 
Chirp ;     cinguettare,    pigolare, 

garrire,  piare,  stridere. 
Chirping ;    cinguettio,   pigolio, 

garrito,  strido. 
Chisel;    i.    scalpello,   cesello, 

subbia.     2.  scalpellare,  cesel- 
lare, intagliare. 
Chit;   i.  bambina  impertinente. 

2.  biglietto. 

Chitchat ;  ciarla,  cicalio. 
Chitterlings;     budella,   minu- 

gia. 

Chivalrous ;  cavalleresco. 
Chivalry ;  cavalleria. 
Chive  ;  cipollina. 
Chloral;  cloralio. 
Chlorodyne;  clorodinio. 
Chloroform;     i.    cloroformio. 

2.  cloroformizzare. 

Ca 


XX 


CHLOROTIC— CLAYMORE 


Chlorotic  ;  clorotico. 
Chock  ;  ceppo,  toppo. 
Chock-full ;  pieno  zeppo. 
Chocolate ;      cioccolata.        — 

cream,  cioccolatino  alia  cre- 

nia. 

Chocolate -pot;  cioccolattiera. 
Choice;      i.    scelta,    elezione. 

2.  squisito,  scelto,  raro. 
Choiceness ;      rarita,      squisi- 

tezza. 

Choir;  coro. 

Choke;  i.  suffocare,  strozzare, 
strangolare.  2.  turare,  stop- 
pare,  ostruire,  ingorgare. 

3.  fieno  del  carciofo. 
Choke-bore ;      canna    a    gola 

strozzata. 
Choke-damp ;       aria     viziata 

dall'  acido  carbonico. 
Choker ;  cravatta  ampia. 
Choky;  i.  suffbcante.  2.  gat- 

tabuia. 

Cholagogue ;  colagogo. 
Choler;  collera,  stizza. 
Cholera  ;  colera.     Summer  — , 

colerina. 

Choleraic ;  coleroso. 
Choleric  ;  collerico,  stizzoso. 
Choose  ;   i.  scegliere,  eleggere. 
2.     volere.       3.     -  -    rather, 
preferire,       amar       meglio. 
4.  —  out,  far  scelta  di. 
Chooser ;  sceglitore. 
Chop;      i.    tagliare,    spaccare, 
fendere.     2.  cambiare,  barat- 
tare.     3.   —  about,  cangiare, 
girare.     4.    —  in,  v.    Chip 
in.       5.     —    off,    troncare, 
mozzare.     6.  —  short,  smoz- 
zicare.      7.    —  up,  sminuz- 
zare.        8.      costoletta      (di 
castrate)  braciola  (di  porco). 
9.  — s,  bocca,  mascelle. 
Chopfallen  ;  abbattuto. 
Chop-house  ;  bettola,  osteria, 

trattoria. 

Chopper;  v.  Chopping-knife. 
Chopping-block;    ceppo,    ta- 

gliere. 
Chopping-knife  ;  coltellaccio, 

mannaia. 
Choppy  ;    There  is  a  —  sea,  fa 

inaretta. 
Chopstick ;       bastoncino     per 

mangiare  alia  cinese. 
Choragus  ;  corifeo. 
Choral ;  corale. 
Chord  ;  corda,  sottesa. 
Chorister;  coiista,  cantoie. 
Chorus  ;  coro. 
Chough  ;  gracchio  coralline. 
Chouse ;  trappola,  truffa. 
Chow-chow;  cibo  cinese. 
Chowder  ;  stufato  di  pesce. 
Chrism  ;  cresima. 
Christ ;  Cristo. 
Christen  ;  battezzare. 
Christendom ;  cristianita. 
Christian ;  cristiano. 
Christianise ;  far  cristiano. 
Christianity ;  cristianesimo. 
Christmas;    Natale,    festa    di 

Natale,   pasqua  di  Ceppo. 
Christmas-box;  strenna,  cep- 
po. 
Christmas    carol ;    cantica  di 

Natale. 

Christmas    day;      giorno    di 
Natale. 


Christmas  rose  ;    erba  nocca, 

v.   Erba  (86). 
Chromolithograph ;      cromo- 

litografia. 

Chronic ;  cronico. 
Chronicle  ;  cronaca. 
Chronicler ;  cronista. 
Chronological ;  cronologico. 
Chronometer ;  cronometro. 
Chrysalis  ;  crisalide. 
Chrysanthemum  ;  crisantemo. 
Chub ;  cefalo. 
Chubby ;  paffuto. 
Chuck;   i.  accarezzare  (sotto  il 

mento).  2.  gettare. 
Chuckle ;  sogghignare. 
Chum ;  i.  camerata.  2.  fai 

camerata. 

Chummy ;  socievole. 
Chump;       i.     tronco,    pezzo. 
2.       Off    his     — ,    fuor    di 
senno. 

Church;  i.  chiesa.  2.  (for 
Protestants),  tempio.  3.  ec- 
clesiastico. 

Church-going ;  devoto. 
Church  service  ;  uffizio  divino. 
Churchwarden ;      fabbriciere, 
specie     di     assessore    eccle- 
siastico      rappresentante      i 
diritti  dei  parrocchiani  nella 
chiesa. 
Churchyard ;      corte     intorno 

alia  chiesa. 

Churl ;  villano,  villanzone. 
Churlish ;  scortese,  burbero. 
Churn;   i.  zangola.     2.  zango- 

lare,  agitare. 
Chut !  basta  ! 
Chutnee ;  speciedi  condimento 

all'  Indiana. 
Chyle;  chilo. 
Chyme  ;  chimo. 
Cibol ;  cipolletta. 
Cicala ;  id. 

Cicatrise  ;  cicatrizzare. 
Cicerone  ;  id. 
Cider;  sidro. 
Ci-devant;    vecchio.     The  — 

king,   1'  ex  re. 
Cigar;  sigaro. 
Cigar-case ;  porta-sigari. 
Cigar-end ;    mozzo   di   sigaro, 

resto  di  sigaro. 
Cigarette  ;  sigaretta. 
Cigarette-paper;       carta     da 

sigaretta. 

Cilia ;  ciglia  vibratiii. 
Ciliary;  cigliare. 
Ciliated  epithelium  ;   epitelio 

vibratile. 
Cilice ;  cilicio. 
Cinchona;  china. 
Cincture ;  cintura. 
Cinder;    carbone,    pezzetto   di 
carbone      non     bruciato     e 
rimasto   nella   cenere.     — s, 
resti  del  fuoco,  brace. 
Cinderella ;  cenerentola. 
Cinder-pan ;  ceneracciolo. 
Cinematograph ;       cinemato- 

,.  grafo; 

Cineraria  ;  ceneraria. 
Cinerary ;  cenerario. 
Cinnabar  ;  cinabro. 
Cinnamon ;  cannella. 
Cinque ;  id. 

Cinquefoil ;  cinquefoglio. 
Cipher;     i.    cifra.       2.    zero. 
3.  conteggiare. 


Circle;     i.      cerchio,     circolo. 

2.    circondare,  accerchiare. 
Circlet ;  cerchietto,  anello. 
Circuit;   i.  giro,  circuito,  con- 

torno,    cinta.      2.    circoscri- 

zione,  circondario. 
Circuitous;  indiretto,  discosto, 

fuor  di  rnano. 
Circulate ;      dar   corso    a,    far 

circolare,  diffondere. 
Circulating;  circolante. 
Circulation;     i.    circolazione. 

2.  valori    in    circulazione. 

3.  corso. 

Circumambient ;  ambiente. 
Circumcise  ;  circoncidere. 
Circumferenze ;      circonferen- 

za. 

Circumflex  ;  circonflesso. 

Circumjacent ;  circonvicino. 

Circumlocution ;  circonlocu- 
zione. 

Circumnavigate ;  navigare  in- 
torno, circumnavigare. 

Circumpolar;  circompolare. 

Circumscribe  ;  circoscrivere. 

Circumspect ;  circospetto, 
cauto. 

Circumstance;   i.  circostanza. 

2.  ragguaglio,    particolare. 

3.  — s,  condizioni. 
Circumstantial;       i.     circo- 

stanziale,  accessorio,  se- 
condario.  2.  circostanziato, 
particolareggiato. 

Circumstantiate  ;  esporre  par- 
ticolareggiatamente,  circo- 
stanziare. 

Circumvallation ;  circonvalla- 
zione. 

Circumvent ;  circonvenire,  in- 
gannare,  girare. 

Circumvolution ;  circonvolu- 
zione. 

Circus  ;  circo. 

Cirl  bunting ;  strillozzo. 

Cisalpine  ;  id. 

Cistern ;  cisterna. 

Citadel ;  cittadella,  fortezza. 

Cite  ;  citare. 

Cithara  ;  citara. 

Cithern ;  cetra. 

Citizen ;  cittadino,  borghese. 

Citizenship ;  cittadinanza. 

Citric;  id. 

Citril  finch  ;  venturone. 

Citron  ;  cedro. 

City;  i.  citta.  2.  cittadinesco, 
borghese,  municipale. 

Civet ;  zibetto. 

Civic  ;  civico. 

Civil;    i.  civile.      2.  cortese. 

Civilian  ;  borghese. 

Civilise  ;  civilizzare. 

Clack ;  schioccare,  far  chioc- 
care. 

Clacking  ;  cicaleccio. 

Clack-valve ;  valvola  ad  ani- 
mella. 

Clad ;  vestito,  rivestito,  co- 
perto. 

Claim;  i.  reclamare,  esigere, 
pretendere,  rivendicare,  ri- 
chiedere,  arrogarsi,  attri- 
buirsi.  2.  asserzione,  diritto, 
pretensione.  3.  Mining  — , 
terreno  minerario  appropria- 
te, sia  lavorato  o  no. 

Claimant ;  chiedente,  pre- 
tendente. 


Clairvoyant ;  chiaroveggente. 
Clam  ;  ostrica  americana. 
Clammy ;       viscido,      vincido, 

pastoso,    appiccicoso,    collo- 

so. 
Clamorous ;  clamoroso,  brioso, 

strepitoso,  chiassoso. 
Clamour;   i.  clamore,  strepito, 

brio,        chiasso,        cagnara. 

1.  stordire,  far  chiasso,   gri- 
dare,  vociare,  Jig.  abbaiare. 

Clamp;  i.  incastrare,  fissare, 
assicurare  con  rampone. 

2.  rampone,  incastro,  piatta- 
banda.      3.   fornata  (di  mat- 
toni).     4.   passo  pesante. 

Clan  ;  clan,  tribu,  razza. 
Clandestine  ;  id. 
Clang;     i.     clangore,    strido, 
tintinnio.        2.     echeggiare, 
strepitare. 
Clank;  z>.  Clang. 
Clap  ;    i.   battere  le  mani,  ap- 
plaudire.     2.    battere  con  la 
mano  distesa.     3.   scoppiodi 
tuono,    colpo     di     fulmine. 
4.    battimano.     5.  scolo. 
Clap  into  ;  ficcare. 

Clap  on  ;  mettere,  aggiungere. 

Clap-board ;  asse. 

Clap-bread  ;  stiacciata  di  farina 
d'  avena. 

Clap-net ;  rete  per  uccellare. 

Clapper;  i.  applauditore.  2. 
battente  di  mulino.  3.  bat- 
tacchiodicampana.  4.  mar- 
tello  (d'  una  porta). 

Clapperclaw ;  rabbuffare,  ram- 
pognare. 

Clapping ;  battimento,  plau- 
so. 

Claptrap;  colpo  di  teatro, 
parlantina  ampollosa,  parlare 
per  esser  applaudito. 

Claret ;  bord6. 

Clarify ;  chiarificare. 

Clarion  ;  trombetto. 

Clarionet ;  clarinetto. 

Clary ;  schiarea. 

Clash;  i.  urtarsi,  scontrarsi, 
cozzare.  2.  non  accordarsi. 

Clashing ;  contrasto,  opposi- 
zione. 

Clasp ;  i.  fermaglio,  fibbia, 
gancio,  cerniera.  2.  am- 
plesso,  stretta.  3.  affibbiare, 
abbracciare ;  With  — ed 
hands,  a  mani  giunte.  4.  av- 
viticchiare. 

Clasp-knife  ;  coltello  da  tasca, 
coltello  a  cricco. 

Class;  i.  classe,  ordine. 
2.  ceto  ;  The  middle — es,  il 
ceto  medio.  3.  classare. 

Classic,  Classical ;  classico. 

Classify ;  classi6care. 

Clatter;  chiasso,  strepito,  fra- 
casso,  schiamazzo. 

Clause ;  clausola,  membro  di 
frase. 

Claustral ;  id. 

Clavicle  ;  clavicola. 

Claw;  i.  artiglio,  unghia, 
zampa,  branca.  2.  aggraf- 
fare,  graffiare.  3.  —  off, 
guadagnare  il  largo. 

Clay ;  argilla,  creta.  Fire  — , 
argilla  refrattaria.  Potter's 
— ,  terra  da  stoviglie. 

Claymore;  spadone. 


CLEAN— COCK 


xxi 


Clean;  i .  pulito,  netto,  lindo, 
puro,  schietto,  liscio,  terso, 
mondo.  2.  pulire,  nettare, 
lavare,  mondare,  purificare. 

Cleanly;  i.  assettato,  di  bene, 
bello  e  buono,  puro,  netto. 
2.  pulitamente,  nettamente. 

Cleanliness ;  pulizia,  nettezza. 

Cleanness ;  nettezza,  purita. 

Cleanse  ;  purgare,  pulire,  puri-  . 
ficare,  guarire. 

Clear;  i.  chiaro,  limpido. 
2.  scevro,  immune.  3.  salda- 
to,  quitanzato,  pagato.  4. 
netto.  5.  manifesto.  6.  per- 
spicace. 

7.  chiarire,  nettare.  8. 
rasserenare.  9.  sbarazzare, 
liberare,  svincolare.  10.  avere 
un  guadagno  netto.  n.  pas- 
sare,  attraversare  (saltando). 
12.  dissodare.  13.  fare 
sgombrare.  14.  assolvere. 
15.  sdoganare,  spedire. 

Clear  away ;  sparecchiare. 

Clear  up;  i.  metier  in  chiaro. 
i.  rasserenare. 

Clearance;  i.  disimpegno, 
disbrigo,  sgombro.  2.  pa- 
tente  doganale. 

Cleared;  i.  scaricato.  2.  cbe 
ha  ottenuto  le  patenti. 

Clear-headed;  intelligente,  sa- 
gace. 

Clearing;  operazione  di  com- 
pensazione.  —  department, 
uffizio  delle  compensazioni. 

Clearing  banker;  socio  della 
stanza. 

Clearing-house ;  stanza  di 
compensazione. 

Clearly;  chiaramente. 

Clearness ;  chiarezza,  nettez- 
za. 

Clear-sighted ;  perspicace. 

Clear  starcher;  lavandaia  (di 
fino). 

Cleat ;  castagnola,  tacco,  gal- 
loccia. 

Cleavage  ;  sfaldatura. 

Cleave;  i.  fendere,  spaccare. 
i.  attaccarsi. 

Cleaver ;  coltcllaccio. 

Cleavers  ;  aparine. 

Cleft ;  spaccatura,  fessura,  scre- 
polatura. 

Clemency ;  clemenza. 

Clench  ;  v.  Clinch. 

Clergy ;  clero. 

Clergyman ;  ecclesiastico,  prete. 

Clerical ;  id. 

Clerk;  i.  contabile,  scrivano, 
scritturale,  copisla,  impiega- 
to,  comme&so.  2.  segretario 
(munidpale),cancelliere,  pro- 
tocollista  (al  tribunale),  ad- 
detto  (al  ministero  degli 
esteri).  3.  Articled  — ,  pra- 
ticante  (presso  un  avvocato). 
4.  Head  — ,  capo  ufficio, 
procuratore,  primo  commes- 
so ;  Junior  — ,  secondo 
scritturale.  5.  chierico. 

Clerkship ;  segretariato,  posto 
d'  impiego,  di  scrivano. 

Clever;  abile,  capace,  intelli- 
gente, destro. 

Cleves ;  Clivia. 

Clew;  i.  bugna.  2.  —  up, 
imbrogliare. 


Clew-garnet ;  caricascotta. 
Clew-line  ;  imbroglio. 
Click;      i.     suono     di    scatto, 

schiocco,      piccolo      rumore 

secco.      i.    strepitare,   chiu- 

dersi  con  un  tic. 
Clicker;    i.    impaginatore.     2. 

taglia-cuoio  per  stivali. 
Client,  Clientele ;  id. 
Cliff;      costa    dirupata,    balza, 

luogo  scosceso,  precipizio. 
Climacteric ;  climaterico. 
Climate ;  clima. 
Climax ;  colmo,  il  piu  bello. 
Climb ;     salire,       arrampicare, 

ascendere,  valicare.    —  over, 

scalare. 
Climber;    i.  chi  fa  ascension!, 

alpinista.     i.  rampicante. 
Climbing  ;  scalata,  salita. 
Clime  ;  regione,  cielo. 
Clinch ;  ribadire,  stringere. 
Clincher ;  argomento  irrefraga- 

bile. 
Cling;  attaccarsi,  avvinghiarsi, 

aggrapparsi. 
Clingstone  ;  duracine. 
Clinic,  -al;  clinico. 
Clink;     tintinnare,    far    tintin, 

cozzarsi. 
Clip  ;     i .  tosare,  tosolare,  rita- 

gliare,    storpiare,    diramare. 

i.    fermaglio,  ritenitore. 
Clipper ;    veliero    celere,    clip- 
per. 

Clippings ;  ritagliatura. 
Clique  ;    cricca,   camorra,  con- 
so  rteria. 
Cloak;    i.   mantello,   gabbano, 

tabarro,    pastrano,   ferraiolo. 

?.    velo,   maschera.     3.    ve- 

lare,  mascherare,  coprire. 
Cloak-room  ;    consegna,  vesti- 

ario. 
Clock;     i.    pendola,    orologio. 

i.  fiore,  mandorla  (di  calze). 

3.  What's  o' —  ?    che  ora  e  ? 

4.  It  is  two  o' — ,  sono   le 
due.     5.    One  o' — ,  tocco. 

Clock-case;  cassa  d'  Una  pen- 
dula. 

Clock-maker ;  orologiaio. 

Clock-work ;  meccanismo  d'  oro- 
logio. 

Clod;  zolla. 

Clod-hopper ;  rustico,  villano, 
tanghero,  contadino,  villan- 
zone. 

Clog;  i.  zoccolo,  galoscia.  2. 
intoppo.  3.  impastoiare,in- 
gombrare. 

Cloister ;  chiostro. 

Close ;  i.  chiudere,  conclu- 
dere,  fermare.  2.  saldare 
(conti).  3.  —  in,  cingere, 
assiepare.  4. — up,  rinchiu- 
dere,  serrare,  turare,  cicatriz- 
zarsi.  5.  — with,  (a) prendere 
corpo  a  corpo,  (/>)  accordarsi, 
(c)  accettare. 

6.  vicino,  contiguo,  ra- 
sente.  7.  pesante,  afoso, 
soffocante.  8.  stringato. 
9.  avaro,  stretto.  10.  in- 
tinio,  stretto.  u.  abbotto- 
nato,  riservato,  contegnoso. 
13.  viva  (lotta).  13.  fedele, 
esatto. 

14.  presso,  accanto,  ac- 
costo,  di  vicino,  rasente. 


Close-cropped ;  coi  capegli 
corti. 

Close-fisted ;  avaro,  spilorcio. 

Close-fitting ;  attillato,  che 
segue  bene  le  pieghe  della 
persona. 

Closely;  strettamente,  da  vi- 
cino, esattamente,  attenta- 
mente.  —  related,  prossimo 
di  parentela. 

Closeness;       i.     riservatezza. 

1.  spilorceria.      3.    compat- 
tezza,  solidita.    4.  prossimita. 
5.  afa.     6.  esattezza. 

Close-stool ;  seggetta. 
Closet ;   i.  camerino,  gabinetto. 

2.  armadio.          3.      — ed, 
rinchiuso. 

Close-tongued;  riservato,  cau- 

to. 

Closing;   i.  chiusura.     2.  ulti- 
mo, finale. 
Closure  ;  chiusura. 
Clot;     i.    grumo.      i.    raggru- 

marsi,  coagularsi,  accagliarsi. 
Cloth;   i.   panno,  tela,  tessuto, 

stofTa.      i.  tovaglia.     3.  fig. 

professione,  sottana.     4.  Oil 

— ,  incerata.     5.  Twilled  — , 

stoffa  a  spina. 
Clothe ;  vestire,  rivestire. 
Clothes ;    vestiti,    abiti,    vesti- 

menta.     In  long  — ,  in  fasce. 
Clothes-horse;  cavalletto. 
Clothes-peg ;  portamantello. 
Clothes-press; •armadio  a  pres- 

sione. 
Clothier ;     pannaiolo.      Tailor 

and       — ,      mercante-sarto. 

Secondhand  — ,  rigattiere. 
Clothing;  vestiti. 
Clothworker;  lanaiolo. 
Clotty;  grumoso. 
Cloud;    i.    nuvola.      2.  Storm 

— ,    nuvolo.      3.    offuscare, 

annuvolare. 

Cloudily;  oscuramente. 
Cloudiness ;  offuscamento,  sta- 

to  nuvoloso. 

Cloudless;  senza  nuvole. 
Cloudlet ;  nuvoletta. 
Cloudy;    i.  coperto,  nuvoloso. 

2.  torbido. 
Clout ;    i .    pezza,   straccio.     2. 

scapaccione. 

Clout-nail ;  grosso  chiodo. 
Clove;  i.  garofano.  2.  spicchio. 
Cloven-footed;    dal  piede  fes- 

so. 
Clover ;    trifoglio.     To  live  in 

— ,  star  benone. 
Clown ;    tanghero,    pagliaccio, 

mascalzone. 

Clownish;  zotieo,  grossolano. 
Cloy ;  satollare,  saziare. 
Club;       i.     randello,     mazza. 

2.     circolo,    casino.      3.    — 

together,     fare    una    borsa, 

unirsi. 

Club-foot;  piede  storto. 
Club-law ;  legge  del  bastone. 
Club-moss ;  licopodio. 
Club-room  ;  sala  del  circolo. 
Cluck;  chiocciare. 
Clucking;  chioccio. 
Clue ;      indicazione,     bandolo, 

guida,  filo. 

Clump ;  blocco,  gruppo. 
Clumsy ;      malaccorto,     goffo, 

inetto. 


Cluster;  i.  grappolo,  sciame 
(d1  api),  gruppo.  2.  rag- 
gruppare,  raccogliere  in- 
sieme. 

Clutch ;     \.     artiglio,    unghia. 

2.  innesto  ;  —  spring,  molla 
dell'  innesto.     3.  impugnare, 
serrare,  agguantare. 

Clutter;  v.  Clatter. 
Coach ;     i.    carrozza,   vettura, 
vagone.       2.     ammaestrare. 

3.  imboccare. 
Coach-house ;  rimessa. 
Coachmaker;  carrozzaio. 
Coachman ;   cocchiere,  carroz- 

ziere. 

Coadjutor;  id. 

Coagulate ;  id. 

Coagulum  ;  grumo. 

Coal;  i.  carbon  fossile.  2. 
prender  carbone. 

Coal-basin ;  bacino  carboni- 
fero. 

Coal-bed;  strato  di  carbone. 

Coal-bunker;  carbonile. 

Coal-cellar ;  carbonaia. 

Coal-field;  terrenocarbonifero. 

Coal-heaver ;  facchino  forte. 

Coalesce;  unirsi. 

Coalition ;  id. 

Coal-merchant ;  mercante  di 
carbone. 

Coal-mine;  miniera  di  car- 
bone. 

Coal-owner;  proprietariod'una 
miniera  di  carbone. 

Coal-tar;  catrame  dal  carbone. 

Coal-truck;  vagone  da  car- 
bone. 

Coarse;  grossolano,  ruvido,  roz- 
zo,  grosso,  sgarbato,  triviale. 

Coast;  i.  costa,  costiera,  lido. 
2.  costeggiare. 

Coaster ;  costeggiatore. 

Coast-guard;  guardacoste. 

Coasting;  cabotaggio. 

Coast-line;  littorale. 

Coat;  i.  abito, giubba.  i.  pe- 
lame,  mantello.  3.  mano. 

4.  tunica.     5.  stenima,  arme. 
6.  palton,  soprabito.     7.  — 
of    mail,    cotta    di    maglie. 
8.    rivestire,   ricoprire,  spal- 
mare,  intonacare. 

Coating;    i.    intonaco,   strato. 

2.   panno. 

Coat-stand;  portabiti. 
Coax ;  accarezzare,  blandire. 
Coaxing ;   i.   moine.     2.   lezio- 

so. 
Coaxingly  ;  con  aria  allettante 

o  accarezzante. 
Cob  ;  cavallotto. 
Cobalt;  cobalto. 
Cobble;    i.    ciottolo.     2.    rat- 

toppare. 

Cobbler;  ciabattino. 
Cobbling ;  acciarpatura. 
Coblentz;  Coblenza. 
Cobra ;  cobra  di  cappello. 
Cobweb ;  ragnatelo. 
Coca;  id. 
Cocaine ;  cocaina. 
Cocculus    indicus;     galla   di 

Levante. 

Cochineal ;  cocciniglia. 
Cock;    i.  gallo.     2.   rubinetto, 

chiave.     3.  maschio.     4.  — 

the     eye,     ammiccare.       5. 

armare,    mettere    al    punto. 


XX11 


COCKADE— COME   ASUNDER 


6.  At    half    — ,    a    mezzo 
punto ;  Full  — ,  atutto  punto. 

7.  raccogliere  in  biche. 
Cockade ;  coccarda. 
Cock-a-doodle-doo;   chicchi- 

richl. 

Cock-a-hoop ;  trionfante,  lieto 
di  se  stesso. 

Cockatoo;  kakatua. 

Cockatrice ;  basilisco. 

Cockayne  ;  cuccagna. 

Cock-boat;  scialuppa. 

Cockchafer;  scarafaggio,  mag- 
giolino. 

Cock-crow;  i.  canto  di  gallo. 
i.  alba,  primo  albore. 

Cocked  hat ;  cappello  a  due 
punte. 

Cocker ;  cane  pince. 

Cocker  up;  trattar  delicata- 
mente,  allevar  con  delizie, 
mollemente. 

Cockerel ;  galletto. 

Cockering ;  cure  delicate. 

Cocket ;  sigillo  doganale. 

Cock-eyed;  losco,  sbieco. 

Cock-fight ;  combattimento  di 
galli. 

Cock-horse ;  cavalluccio  di 
legno.  A-cock-horse,  a  ca- 
vallo. 

Cockle;  i.  cardio,  gongola. 
i.  loglio  nero,  gettaione. 
3.  — s  of  the  heart,  lo  stesso 
cuore.  4.  raggrinzarsi,  ac- 
cartocciarsi. 

Cockloft ;  solaio,  soffitta. 

Cockney ;  gonzo,  cucco,  goffo, 
londinese. 

Cockpit;  i.  arena  per  com- 
battimento di  galli.  i.  ri- 
postiglio  dei  feriti  in  un 
combattimento  navale. 

Cockroach  ;  piattola,  blatta. 

Cockscomb ;  cresta  di  gallo. 

Cockshy;  tiro,  sassata. 

Cocksure ;  sicurissimo. 

Cocktail;  bicchierino. 

Cocky ;  presuntuoso,  borioso. 

Cocoa ;  cocco. 

Cocoon  ;  bozzolo. 

Cod ;  merluzzo. 

Coddle ;  trattar  con  soverchia 
dolcezza,  vezzeggiare,  carez- 
zare.  —  oneself,  crogiolarsi. 

Code ;  codice. 

Codger ;  bonomo,  fantoccio. 

Codicil ;  codicillo. 

Codify  ;  compilare  un  codice. 

Codille ;  codiglio. 

Co-director;  co-amministra- 
tore. 

Codlin  ;  mela  da  lessare. 

Codliver  oil ;  olio  di  fegato  di 
merluzzo. 

Coefficient ;  id. 

Coerce;  i.  reprimere.  2.  for- 
zare. 

Coercion ;  costringimento,  forza, 
forza  maggiore,  giocoforza. 

Coeval ;  coevo. 

Co-executor;  co-esecutore. 

Co-exist ;  co-esistere. 

Coffee  ;  caffe.  —  bean,  bacca 
di  caffe.  —  cup,  tazza  da 
caffe,  chicchera.  — grounds, 
feccia  di  caffe.  —  grower, 
proprietario  di  una  pianta- 
gione  di  caffe.  — house, 
caffe.  —  house-keeper,  risto- 


ratore,  caffettiere.  —  mill, 
macinino  da  caffe.  —  plant, 
albero  del  caffe.  —  planta- 
tion, luogo  piantato  di  caffe. 
-  pot,  caffettiera,  stag- 
nina.  —  room,  salotto  d'  al- 
bergo.  —  service,  servizio 
da  caffe. 

Coffer;  cassa. 

Cofferdam ;  cassone,  diga. 

Coffin  ;  bara,  cassa. 

Cog;    i.  dente.     •2.  dentare. 

Cogency ;  forza,  potere. 

Cogent ;  potenle,  incalzante. 

Cogently;  irresistibilmente,  con 
molta  forza. 

Cogitate  ;  meditare,  stare  pen- 
sando. 

Cogitation ;  pensare. 

Cognac ;  id. 

Cognate ;  afnne,  analogo. 

Cognisance ;  conoscenza. 

Cognisant ;  informato. 

Cognition ;  id. 

Cognomen ;  cognome. 

Cohabit ;  coabitare. 

Coheir,  -ess ;  coerede. 

Cohere  ;  aderire  insieme. 

Coherence ;  coerenza,  connes- 
sione. 

Coherent ;  coerente,  consis- 
tente. 

Cohesion ;  coesione. 

Cohesive;  attaccaticcio,  appic- 
cicoso,  aderenie. 

Cohort ;  coorte. 

Coif;  cuffia. 

Coifed ;  coperto  con  cuffia. 

Coign  of  vantage;  posto  di 
vantaggio. 

Coil;  i.  rotolo.  ^.  spira, 
attortigliamento.  3.  giro, 
aduglia.  4.  rocchetto  (d1  in- 
duzione),  bobina.  5.  rav- 
volgere,  adugliare,  ripiegare, 
attortigliare. 

Coin;  i.  moneta,  denaro.  2. 
coniare,  monetare.  3.  in- 
ventare. 

Coinage;  monetazione,  mone- 
taggio.  Condition  of  the — , 
lo  stato  monetario. 

Coincide ;  coincidere,  incon- 
trarsi,  combinarsi. 

Coincidence;  coincidenza,  ri- 
scontro. 

Coincident;  id. 

Coiner;  falso  monetario. 

Coke ;  cok. 

Col ;  gola  (tra'  monti). 

Colander;  colatoio. 

Colchicum;  colchico. 

Cold  ;  i.  freddo,  fresco,  frigido, 
riservato.  Be  — ,  far  freddo, 
aver  freddo.  Grow  — ,  raf- 
freddarsi.  —  water,  acqua 
fresca.  Catch  — ,  infred- 
darsi.  2.  freddo,  raffredda- 
mento,  raffreddore,  infredda- 
tura. 

Cold-blooded ;  insensibile, 
flemmatico,  freddo. 

Cold  cream ;  colcrem. 

Coldness ;  freddezza,  freddo. 

Cole ;  cavolo. 

Coleoptera;  coleotteri. 

Colewort ;  cavolo,  verzotto. 

Colic;  colica. 

Coliseum ;  colosseo. 

Collabor-ate,  -ator;  id. 


Collapse;  i.  sprofondamento, 
accasciamento,  prostrazione. 

2.  insuccesso,  rovina,  caduta. 

3.  sgonfiamento.      4.    spro- 
fondare,    crollare,   sfasciarsi, 
cadere    insieme.      5.     sgon- 
fiarsi. 

Collapsible;  pieghevole. 

Collar;  i.  collare,  colletto, 
bavero,  collaretto.  2.  cintu- 
ra.  3.  prendere  pel  collo,  o 
al  collare.  4.  impugnare. 

Collate;  i.  comparare,  con- 
frontare.  2.  nominare. 

Collateral;  id.,  sussidiario. 

Collation;  i.  riscontro.  2. 
merenda. 

Colleague;  collega,  socio. 

Collect;  i.  raccogliere, ruinire, 
compilare,  fare  raccolta  di. 

2.  —  oneself,  riaversi.     3.  ri- 
scuotere.     4.  colletta. 

Collected ;  raccolto,  padrone 
di  se. 

Collectible  ;  riscottibile. 

Collecting-clerk ;  commesso 
pei  ricevimenti. 

Collection;  i.  collezione,  rac- 
colta. 2.  accolta,  riunione. 

3.  incasso,    incassatura,    ri- 
scossione.     4.    questua,   col- 
letta.    5.    levata.     6.   incet- 
ta. 

Collective ;  collettivo,  aggre- 
gate. 

Collector ;  raccoglitore,  com- 
pilatore,  esattore,  collettore. 

College ;  collegio,  convitto, 
liceo,  seminario,  accademia. 

Collegian ;  collegiale. 

Collegiate ;  collegiato. 

Collet ;  castone. 

Collide;  urtare, cozzare insieme, 
abbordarsi,  rincontrarsi. 

Collie ;  cane  scozzese  da  pa- 
store. 

Collier;  i.  minatore  di  carbon 
fossile.  2.  bastimento  car- 
bonaio. 

Colliery;  miniera  di  carbon 
fossile. 

Collision ;  scontro,  incontro, 
urto,  contrasto,  collisione, 
abbordo. 

Collocate ;  id. 

Collodion ;  collodio. 

Collop ;  braciola,  fetta. 

Colloquial ;  familiare. 

Colloquy ;  cplloquio. 

Collu-de,  -sion,  -sive;  id. 

Collyrium  ;  collirio. 

Colocynth ;  coloquintida. 

Cologne;  Colonia. 

Colon  ;  due  punti. 

Colonel;  colonnello. 

Colonelcy ;  grado  di  colon- 
nello. 

Colonial ;  id. 

Colonise  ;  colonizzare. 

Coloniser ;  colonizzatore. 

Colonist ;  colono. 

Colonnade ;  colonnata. 

Colophony;  colofonia. 

Coloss-al,  -eum,  -us;  id. 

Colour;  i.  colore,  colorito, 
carnagione.  2.  bandiera. 
3.  pretesto,  apparenza,  co- 
lore. 4.  colorare,  colorire, 
pingere,  tingere.  5.  anne- 
rire  (pipa).  6.  arrossire. 


7.    imbiancare   (muro).       8. 
Person       of       — ,       negro. 

9.  Change — ,  cangiar  colore. 

10.  Come    off    with  flying 
— s,  vincerla  splendidamente. 
ir.    Come  out  in  one's  true 
— s,   mostrare  il  vero  carat- 
tere.      12.    Desert  one's  — s, 
abbandonare    i    suoi   amici. 
13.     Fast — ,  colore inaltera- 
bile.     14.   Fight  under  false 
— s,    combattere   sotto   ban- 
diera falsa.     15.  Give — ,  dar 
colore.     16.    Hang  out  false 
— s,    metier    fuori    bandiera 
falsa.      17.    High   — ,  carna- 
gione vivissima.       18.    Lose 
— ,  impallidire.     19.  Off  — , 
malaticcio.       20.     Paint    in 
bright  — s,  dipinger  a  colori 
vivi.      21.    Show  one's  — s, 
scoprirsi.     22.  Stick  to  one's 
— ,  aderire  ai  suoi  principii. 

Colourable ;  specioso,  appa- 
rente. 

Colour-blind;  affetto  da  dalto- 
nismo,  incapacedi  distinguere 
i  colori. 

Colour-blindness ;  daltonis- 
mo. 

Colour-box ;  cassetta  di  colori. 

Coloured ;  i.  colorato,  colori- 
to. 2.  negro. 

Colouring;  i.  coloramento. 
2.  v.  Colour  (3). 

Colourist ;  colorista. 

Colourless ;  senza  colore,  in- 
coloro. 

Colourman ;  negoziante  di 
colori. 

Colporteur;  merciaiolo  ambu- 
lante. 

Colt;  puledro. 

Colt's-foot;  farfaro. 

Columbine;  aquilegia. 

Column ;  colonna. 

Colza  oil ;  olio  di  colza. 

Coma,  Comatose;  id. 

Comb;  i.  pettine;  Large- 
toothed  — ,  pettine  rado ; 
Small-toothed  — ,  pettinella, 
pettine  fitto.  2.  cardo, 
scardasso.  3.  cresta  (di 
gallo).  4.  favo  (di  miele). 

5.  striglia     (per     cavallo). 

6.  pettinare,  cardare,  scardas- 
sare,  strigliare. 

Combat;      i.     combattimento. 

2.  combattere. 
Combative ;  battagliero. 
Comb-case  ;  pettiniera. 
Combination ;     id.,    lega,   al- 

leanza. 

Combine ;  combinare,  unire. 
Comb-maker;  pettinaio. 
Combust-ion,  -ible ;  id. 
Come;   i.  venire,  arrivare,  pre- 

sentarsi,  avvicinarsi,  passare. 

2.    provenire,   derivare.      3. 

ridursi. 
Come    about;      i.    accadere. 

2.    virare  di  bordo. 
Come      across ;       incontrare, 

abbattersi  in. 
Come  after;    i.  inseguire.     2. 

seguire,  succedere  a. 
Come  again ;  ritornare. 
Come  along;  i.  venire  via. 

2.   sopravvenire. 
Come  asunder;  staccarsi. 


COME    AT— COMPOST 


XXlll 


Come  at ;  attaccare. 

Come    away;     i.    venire   via. 

2.   staccarsi. 
Come   back ;    rivenire,   tornar 

indietro. 

Come  between ;  intervenite. 
Come  by;    i.  passare.     2.  ac- 

quistare. 
Come  down  ;  i.  scendere.     i. 

ribassare,  fare  ribasso. 
Come  for ;  venire  a  cercare,  o  a 

prendere. 
Come  forth ;  uscire,  avanzarsi, 

comparire. 

Come  forward ;  presentarsi. 
Come  in;    i.  entrare.     2.    in- 

trodursi.     3.  consentire. 
Come   in  for ;    aver  una  parte 

di. 
Come    into;      i.     venire     (in 

mente).     -i.  ereclitare. 
Come    of;      venire    da,    pro- 
venire. 
Come  off;  i.  uscirne,  cavarsela. 

2.  staccarsi.     3.  aver  luogo, 
succedere.     4.   riuscire. 

Come  on;  i.  sopravvenire, 
accadere.  2.  avanzarsi,  pro- 
gredire.  3.  avanti  ! 

Come  out ;  i.  uscire.  2.  com- 
parire, scoprirsi ,  far  comparsa. 

3.  spiccare.        4.      sparire 
(macchie).     5.  esser  pubbli- 
cato. 

Come  out  with ;  venir  fuori 
con. 

Come  over;  i.  passare,  attra- 
versare.  2.  abbindolare. 

Come  round;  i.  girare,  far  il 
giro  di,  circonvenire.  2.  con- 
sentire, deciders!  a  consentire. 
3.  ristabilirsi,  rimettersi,  ri- 
prendere  i  sensi. 

Come  to;  i.  montarea.costare. 

2.  esser  ridotto  a,  elevarsi  a. 

3.  It  — s  to  this,  il  risultato 
e  questo.     4.  riaversi. 

Come  together;  riunirsi. 

Come  to  nothing ;  finire  in 
nulla. 

Come  under ;  esser  sommesso 
a,  esser  compreso  sotto. 

Come  undone  ;  disfarsi. 

Come  unexpectedly ;  soprav- 
venire. 

Come  up;  i.  satire.  2.  avan- 
zarsi, farsi  vicino,  comparire. 
3.  spuntare,  crescere. 

Come  up  with  ;  raggiungere. 

Come  upon  ;  sopravvenire. 

Comedian ;  commediante. 

Comedy ;  commedia. 

Comely;  bello,  graziosetto. 

Comer;  venuto.  All — s,  chi- 
chessia. 

Comestible;  commestibile. 

Comet ;  cometa. 

Comfit ;  confetto. 

Comfort;  i.  conforto,  allevia- 
mento,  incoraggiamento.  i. 
agiatezza,  benessere,  agi, 
comodita.  3.  confortare, 
racconsolare. 

Comfortable ;  i.  confortevole, 
alleviativo,  consolante.  2. 
felice,  contento,  agiato. 
3.  comodo,  gradevole.  4.  to 
be  — ,  star  bene. 
Comfortably ;  comodamente, 
a  suo  comodo,  a  bell'  agio. 


—  dressed,  vestito  comoda- 
mente, o  ad  agio. 

Comforter;  i.  confortatore, 
consolatore.  2.  ciarpa. 

Comfortless ;  incomodo,  triste. 

Comic  ;  comico. 

Comicality ;  singolarita,  atto 
comico,  bizzarreria,  comica, 
stranezza,  ridicolezza. 

Coming;      i.    venuta,    arrive. 

2.  assunzione     (al     trono). 

3.  prossimo,  futuro. 
Comity ;  cortesia,  gentilezza. 
Comma ;  virgola. 
Command;     I.    comando,  or- 

dine,  padronanza.  2.  co- 
mandare.  3.  dominare.  4. 
disporre  di. 

Commandant ;  comandante. 

Commander ;  capitano,  co- 
mandante, capo. 

Commandment ;  comanda- 
mento. 

Commemorate  ;  id. 

Commence ;  v.  Begin. 

Commend;  i.  commendare, 
lodare.  2.  raccomandare, 
confidare. 

Commendation ;  elogio. 

Commensurable;  id, 

Comment ;  id. 

Commerce ;  commercio. 

Commercial;  id.  — traveller, 
commesso  viaggiatore. 

Commingle  ;  mescolare. 

Commiserate ;  id. 

Commissariat ;  id. 

Commissary ;  id. 

Commission;  i.id.  2.  grado 
d'  ufficiale.  3.  senseria. 

4.  incaricare,     autorizzare. 

5.  Put  in  — ,  armare. 
Commission-agency;  casadi 

commissione. 
Commission-agent ;  commis- 

sionario. 
Commissioner;     i.    commis- 

sario.     2.   —  of  police,  capo 

di  polizia. 
Commit;    i.  commettere,  am- 

dare.consegnare.  2.mandare 

(in  prigione).     3.   — oneself, 

(a)  impegnarsi,  (l>)  compro- 

mettersi. 
Commitment;      i.    impegno. 

1.  imprigionamento. 
Committal;   i.  mandate  d' ar- 

resto.        2.     rinvio    ad    una 

commissione. 
Committer;  autore. 
Commix;  mescolare. 
Commode ;      canterano,     seg- 

getta. 
Commodious  ;    comodo,  con- 

veniente,  agevole,    convene- 

vole. 

Commodity;  derrata,  merce. 
Commodore ;  capodi  divisione, 

commodore. 
Common;     i.    comune,    ordi- 

nario,    volgare,     frequente ; 

—  soldier,  soldato  semplice. 

2.  terra,  o  pascola,  comunale, 
landa.    3.  Right  of — ,  diritto 
di   pastura.       4.     We   have 
nothing  in  — ,  non  abbiamo 
nulla    in    comune.       5.    v. 
Commons. 

Commonable ;  tenuto  in  co- 
mune. 


Commonalty ;     plebe,    popo- 

lo. 
Common   council;    consiglio 

comunale  o  municipale. 
Common     councillor;     con- 

sigliere  municipale. 
Commoner;    non  nobile,  bor- 

ghese. 
Common    measure ;    divisore 

comune. 

Commonness ;  1"  esser  comune, 
ripetizione  frequente,  trivia- 
lita. 
Commonplace;      i.    volgare, 

ordinario.  2.  iuogo  comune. 
Commonplace  book ;  album. 
Commons  ;  i.  Short — ,  tavola 

magra.       2.     House   of  — , 

Camera  dei  Comuni. 
Commonwealth  ;  repubblica. 
Commotion ;     tumulto,    tram- 

busto,    agitazione,    scommo- 

vimento. 
Commune;     i.    comune.       2. 

conferire,  intrattenersi. 
Communicate ;       i.     comuni- 

care,  far  sapere.     2.  comuni- 

carsi. 

Communing;  comunione. 
Communion ;  comunione. 
Communism ;  comunismo. 
Community;  comunita. 
Commutator;  20?. 
Commute ;  id. 
Compact;     i.    patto,    conven- 

zione.       2.    Compatto,    fitto. 

3.  collegare,  consolidare. 
Companion;      i.    compagno, 

camerata.     2.  (mar.}  osterig- 

gio,  tuga. 
Companionable ;        sociabile, 

compagnevole. 

Companionship ;  compagnia. 
Company;        i.      compagnia, 

societa  ;  Limited  — ,  societa 

anonima.     2.  mondo,  gente. 

3.  In  — ,  di  conserva. 
Compare ;     paragonare,    com- 

parare,  confrontare. 
Comparison ;   confronto,  com- 

parazione,  paragone.     In  — 

with,  a  petto  di,  a  paragone  a. 
Compartment ;  compartimen- 

to,  scompartimento. 
Compass;  i.  bussola.    2.  giro, 

cerchio,     circuito,      termini. 

3.  portata.     4.   Pair  of  — es, 

compasso.       5.     circondare, 

rinchiudere,  risenare.   7.  otte- 

nere,  compiere,  tramare. 
Compass-card  ;  rosa  dei  venti. 
Compassion ;  id. 
Compassionate;     i.    pietoso. 

2.  compatire. 
Compatible;  id. 
Compatriot ;  id. 
Compeer;  eguale,  socio. 
Compel ;  costringere,  far  forza, 

forzare,  obbligare. 
Compendium ;     sunto,     com- 

pendio. 

Compensate;  id.,  risarcire. 
Compensating ;       compensa- 

tore. 
Compensation;  id., compenso, 

risarcimento. 
Compete  ;  concorrere,  rivaleg- 

giare. 
Competence;    i.   id,      2.   ca- 

pacita      3.  Have  a — ,  avere 


a  sufficienza,  avere  il  neces- 

sario,  o  da  vivere  ;    He  has 

a   modest  — ,    ha    tanto   da 

vivere. 
Competent;  i.  id.     2.  idoneo, 

abile. 
Competition ;        concorrenza, 

gara,  concorso. 
Competitive ;     emulo,    rivale. 

—    examination ;    concorso, 

esame  di  concorso. 
Competitor;  concorrente,  com- 

petitore,  rivale. 
Compile ;  id. 
Complacency ;     compiacenza, 

contentezza,   piacere. 
Complacent ;  compiaceute. 
Complacently;  in  modo  com- 

piacente,  con  compiacenza. 
Complain ;     lagnarsi,    dolersi, 

lamentarsi. 

Complainant ;  querelante. 
Complainer ;  piagnucolone. 
Complaint;    i.  lagnanza,  dog- 

lianza,     querela,      lamento ; 

Lodge     a     — ,     querelarsi. 

2.    male,  malattia. 
Complaisance ;       compiacen- 
za. 

Complaisant ;  cortese,  bono. 
Complement ;    id.      To  have 

the  full    — ,    esserci    tutto, 

non  mancar  nulla. 
Complemental ;     complemen- 

tare. 
Complete;    i.    id.,   al  colmo, 

pieno.     2.    finire,  compiere, 

dar  1'  ultima  mano. 
Completion  ;  compimento. 
Complex ;     complicate,     com- 

plesso. 
Complexion;     i.    carnagione, 

colorito.        2.    aspetto,    ap- 

parenza. 
Complexioned ;    complession- 

ato,  dall'  aspetto. 
Complexity ;  complessita. 
Compliance ;    condiscendenza, 

consentimento,  sommissione. 

In  — ,  conformemente. 
Compliant ;    compiacente,    ar- 

rendevole,  flessibile,  docile. 
Compliantly ;        compiacente- 

mente. 

Complicate ;  complicare. 
Complicity  ;  id. 
Compliment ;  id. 
Compline  ;  compieta. 
Compluvium ;  compluvio. 
Comply;  i.  condiscendere,  pre- 

starsi,    sommettersi,    confor- 

marsi.  2.  —  with,  soddisfare, 

compiere. 

Component ;  id.,  constituente. 
Comport;     i.    accordarsi,   ad- 

dirsi.      2.    —    oneself,  com- 

portarsi. 
Compose;     i.    comporre.      2. 

calmare.     3.  disporre. 
Composed ;  composto,  calmo. 
Composer ;     compositore,    au- 
tore. 
Composing-stick;      composi- 

toio. 
Composite;  i.  composite.     2. 

composto. 

Composition;   i.   id.     2.  con- 
cordate. 

Compositor;  id. 
Compost ;  concime. 


XXIV 


COMPOSURE— CONSEQUENT 


Composure ;  calma,  tranquil- 
lita. 

Compote  ;  composta  di  frutta. 

Compound ;  i.  composto, 
misto;  —  interest,  interesse 
composto ;  —  engine,  ap- 
parato  motore  ad  alta  e 
bassa  pressione.  2.  com- 
porre,  conciliare,  combinare ; 

—  with  one's  creditors,  con- 
cordarsi  coi   suoi    creditor! ; 

—  with    one's    conscience, 
transigere  colla  propria  co- 
scienza. 

Comprehend;  i.  comprendere, 
capire.  2.  contenere. 

Comprehension;  intelligenza, 
capacita,  comprensiva. 

Comprehensive;  comprensivo, 
esteso,  che  comprende  molto, 
vasto,  complessivo. 

Compress;  i.  comprimere. 
2.  compressa. 

Compression ;  id. 

Comprise ;  contenere,  com- 
prendere, includere. 

Compromise;  i.  transigere, 
discendere  a  patti  o  a  con- 
cession!, aggiustare  con  una 
transazione.  2.  compromet- 
tere.  3.  transazione,  tem- 
peramento,  mezzo  termine. 

Compulsion;  id. ,  costringi- 
mento,  forza. 

Compunction ;  coinpunzione, 
rimorso. 

Compute  ;  id. 

Comrade ;  camerata. 

Comradeship ;  amicizia  di 
camerata. 

Con;  i.  —  over,  studiare,  im- 
parare  a  mente.  2.  gover- 
nare  ;  — ning  tower,  torre  di 
manovra. 

Concatenation ;  id. 

Concave ;  id. 

Conceal ;  nascondere,  celare, 
dissimulare,  tacere. 

Concealment ;  nascondimento, 
azione  di  nascondere,  cela- 
mento. 

Concede ;  id. 

Conceit;  i.  boria,  boriosita, 
vanita  boriosa,  vana  gloria. 

2.  concetto. 
Conceited ;      vano,     vanitoso, 

borioso,     vanesio.      —    ass, 

borione. 
Conceive ;     i.    concepire.       2. 

credere. 

Concentrate ;  id. 
Concentric;  id. 
Concept ;  concetto. 
Conception ;  concezione. 
Concern  ;    i.  aflfare,  faccenda, 

interesse.       2.     importanza, 

premura.      3.   negozio,  casa. 

4.  concernere,    riguardare. 

5.  interessare,  importare  a. 

6.  To   be  — ed   about,    in- 
quietarsi    per.      7.     To    be 
— ed  in,  ingerirsi  in. 

Concerning ;  intorno,  circa, 
concernente,  riguardo. 

Concert;  r.  concerto,  2.  ac- 
cordo ;  In  — ,  d'  accordo. 

3.  concertare. 
Concertina ;  id. 
Concert-piece;     pezzo   d'    o- 

pera. 


Concert-pitch ;      The    debate 

was  scarcely  up  to ,  la 

discussione  era   alquanto   al 
disotto  della  circostanza. 

Concert-room ;  sala  di  con- 
certo. 

Concession;  id. 

Concessionaire ;  cessionario. 

Conch  ;  conchiglia. 

Concili-ate,  -ation,  -atory ; 
id. 

Concise  ;  id. 

Conclave ;  id. 

Conclude ;  conchiudere,  ter- 
minare. 

Conclus-ion,  -ive ;  id. 

Concoct ;  metier  insieme,  im- 
maginare,  fabbricare,  tra- 
mare,  ordire  (una  trama). 

Concoction  ;  mescolanza. 

Concomitant ;  id. 

Concord;  i.  concordia.  2.  ac- 
cordo. 

Concordance;  i.  concordan- 
za.  2.  indice  alfabetico 
delle  voci  della  Bibbia  o 
altro. 

Concordant;  id. 

Concordat;  concordato. 

Concourse;  concorso. 

Concrete ;  i.  smalto,  calci- 
struzzo,  calcestrutto.  2. 
concreto. 

Concretion ;  id. 

Concubine;  id. 

Concupiscence  ;  id. 

Concur;  aderire,  esser  d'  ac- 
cordo, approvare. 

Concurrence;  i.  assentimento, 
approvazione,  adesione.  2. 
incontrarsi,  unione. 

Concurrent ;  concorrente. 

Concussion  ;  scossa,  urto. 

Condemn ;  condannare. 

Condense;  condensare. 

Condescend ;  accondiscendere, 
degnarsi. 

Condescension;  condiscenden- 
za. 

Condign ;  condegno,  merita- 
to. 

Condiment;  id. 

Condition;  i.  id. ,  stato, grado. 
2.  patto. 

Condole  ;  condolersi,  far  con- 
doglianze. 

Condone ;  id. 

Condor ;  condore. 

Conduce  ;  contribute,  giovare, 
aiutare. 

Conduct;  i.  condotta,  ma- 
niera  o  modo,  di  agire.  2. 
condurre,  menare,  guidare. 

Conductor ;  conduttore,  diret- 
tore,  gerente. 

Conduit ;  condotto,  tubo,  pas- 
saggio  secreto,  acquedotto. 

Cone;   i.  cono.     2.  pina. 

Confabulate ;  id. 

Confection ;  confezione. 

Confectioner ;  confetturiere. 

Confectionery ;  confetteria, 
dolci,  chicche. 

Confederacy ;  confederazione, 
lega,  cricca. 

Confederate  ;  i.  id.,  complice. 
2.  confederarsi. 

Confer ;  conferire. 

Conference ;  id. 

Confess ;  id. 


Confessedly ;  apertamente,  se- 
condo  la  sua  propria  testi- 
monianza. 

Confession,  -al ;  iJ. 

Confessor ;  id. 

Confidant ;  confidente. 

Confide  ;  id.,  fidarsi. 

Confidence;  id.,  fiducia. 

Confiding ;  fidente. 

Configuration;  id. 

Confine ;  i.  confine,  limite, 
frontiera.  2.  ristringere, 
limitare.  3.  imprigionare. 

4.  — d  (bowels),    costipato. 

5.  To    be    — d,    partorire. 

6.  He  is  — d  to  the  house, 
non  esce  piu  di  casa  ;  — d  to 
bed,  obbligato  a  letto. 

Confinement ;  i.  prigione, 
reclusione,  custodia,  im- 
prigionamento,  detenzione  ; 
Solitary  — ,  reclusione  cellu- 
lare.  2.  vita  ritirata.  3. 
parto ;  She  is  expecting  her 
confinement  in  August,  deve 
partorire  in  Agosto.  4.  — 
to  barracks,  consegna ;  U  nder 
— ,  agli  arresti  ;  Rigorous  — , 
arresti  di  rigore. 

Confirm  ;  confennare.  — ed, 
indurito,  incallito. 

Confiscate  ;  id. 

Confiscation ;  confisca. 

Conflagration;  id.,  incendio. 

Conflict;  i.  conflitto,  lotta. 
2.  lottare,  trovarsi  in  contrad- 
dizione. 

Conflicting;  contrario,  op- 
posto,  in  conflitto. 

Confluence  ;  i.  id.  2.  affluen- 
za,  concorso. 

Confluent ;  id. 

Conform,  -ation,  -ity;  id. 

Confound ;  confondere,  im- 
brogliare,  scompigliare. 

Confounded ;  maledetto. 

Confraternity ;  id. 

Confront;  id.,  affrontare. 

Confuse ;  confondere,  disordi- 
nare,  sconcertare,  imbrog- 
liare. 

Confusion ;  confusione,  scom- 
piglio,  imbarazzo,  onta. 

Confute ;  id. 

Congeal ;  congelare. 

Congener ;  congenere. 

Congenial ;  confacente,  sim- 
patico.  It  is  —  to  him, 
gli  va  a  genio,  e  di  suo 
genio. 

Congeniality;  simpatia. 

Congenital ;  congenito. 

Conger;  grongo. 

Congest ;  congestionare. 

Congestion ;  id. 

Conglomerate;  id. 

Congratulate ;  felicitare,  con- 
gratularsi,  rallegrarsi.  I  — • 
you  on  your  recovery,  mi 
congratulo  con  lei  della  sua 
guarigione.  I  —  you  heartily, 
mi  rallegro  tanto  tanto  con 
voi. 

Congratulation;  id.,  miral- 
legro.  Give  him  my  — s, 
gli  dia  il  mi  rallegro  da 
parte  mia.  He  received  many 
— s,  riceveva  mirallegri  a  iosa 
da  tutti. 

Congratulatory ;  id. 


Congregate,  -ation ;  id. 

Congress ;  id. 

Congruous ;  congruo. 

Conic,  -al ;  conico. 

Conifer,  -ous;  conifero. 

Conjecture ;  congettura. 

Conjoin;  congiungere,  legare 
insieme. 

Conjoint ;  congiunto. 

Conjugal;  coniugale. 

Conjugate;  coniugare. 

Conjunction  ;  congiunzione. 

Conjuration ;  congiura. 

Conjure;  i.  scongiurare.  2. 
—  away,  esorcizzare.  3.  — 
up,  evocare.  4.  fare  il  pre- 
stigiatore. 

Conjurer ;  giocatore  di  bus- 
solotti,  giocoliere,  ciurma- 
tore. 

Conjuring;  gioco  di  bussolotti, 
prestidigitazione.  —  tricks, 
giochi  di  prestigio. 

Connate,  id. 

Connect ;  connettere,  unire, 
congiungere,  accoppiare. 

Connected;  i.  unito,  con- 
nesso,  congiunto,  in  relazione 
con.  2.  to  be  — ,  riferirsi  a. 
3.  -  -  sentence,  frase  ben 
composta,  che  pub  stare, 
coerente,  di  seguito.  4.  well 
— ,  ben  imparentato,  di 
parentato  distinto,  congiunto 
con  persone  da  bene. 

Connecting ;  d'  unione,  di 
comunicazione.  —  rod,  biel- 
la.  — link,  vincolod'unione, 
legame. 

Connection ;  i.  connessione, 
unione,  riunione,  congiun- 
zione, legame,  relazione, 
rapporto.  2.  clientela.  3. 
parente,  congiunto.  4.  pa- 
rentado.  5.  Break  off  — , 
rompere  relazioni  ;  Keep  up 
— ,  mantener  rapporti. 

Connivance ;  connivenza. 

Connive ;  esser  connivente, 
chiuder  gli  occhi  a. 

Connoisseur ;  conoscitore. 

Connubial ;  coniugale. 

Conquer ;  vincere,  vincerla, 
trionfare,  conquistare,  do- 
mare. 

Conqueror  ;  conquistatore. 

Conquest ;  conquista. 

Consanguineous;  id. 

Conscience  ;  coscienza. 

Conscientious ;  coscienzioso. 

Conscious;  conscio,  consape- 
vole. 

Consciousness ;  coscienza,  co- 
noscenza. 

Conscript ;  coscritto. 

Conscription ;  coscrizione. 

Consecrate ;  consacrare. 

Consecutive  ;  id.,  di  seguito. 

Consensus;  consenso. 
Consent;      i.     consentimento, 
consenso,  accordo.     2.   con- 
sentire,     acconsentire,     con- 
discendere,  accondiscendere. 
Consentaneous ;  consentaneo. 
Consequence;     r.    conseguen- 
za,  risultato,  effetto.     2.  im- 
portanza, rilievo.     3.     In  — 
of,  in  seguito  di. 
Consequent ;    conseguente,  ri- 
sultante. 


CONSEQUENTIAL— CONVERTIBLE 


XXV 


Consequential;      i.     borioso, 

arrogante,  importante,  d"  im- 

portanza.     2.  logico. 
Conservancy ;    giunta   incari- 

cata  della  conservazione,  p.  e. 

della  pesca  ecc.  d'  un  fiume. 
Conservative;    id.,   conserva- 

tore. 
Conservatory;    i.   serra.      2. 

conservatorio. 
Conserve ;      confettura,    con- 

serva. 

Consider;  considerare,  medi- 
tate, esaminare,  stimare, 

riflettere.      All  things  — ed, 

tutto   ben  considerate.     He 

was     — ed    selfish,    passava 

per  egoista. 

Considerable ;  considerevole. 
Considerate ;  premuroso,  deli- 
cate,     amabile,     simpatico, 

gentile. 
Considerateness ;      premura, 

delicatezza,    amabilita,    sim- 

patia,  gentilezza. 
Consideration;   i.   id.,  esame. 

2.     riguardi.        3.     motivo, 

compenso,    prezzo.      4.    im- 

portanza,  valore,  pregio. 
Considering;  i.  atteso, stante, 

visto.     2.  dubbio,  riflessione, 

esitazione. 
Consign ;  consegnare,  afiidare, 

deporre  (nella  tomba). 
Consignee  ;  consegnatario. 
Consigner ;  consegnatore. 
Consignment;     i.    consegna, 

spedizione.       i.    roba   (spe- 

dita),     pacco,     collo,     invio 

mercantile. 
Consist;      i.    consistere.       2. 

accordarsi. 
Consistency;       i.     coerenza, 

conformita    con     se    stesso. 

i.  consistenza,  grado  di  soli- 

dita. 
Consistent ;      coerente,     con- 

sentaneo.consonante,  stabile, 

conforme  con  se  stesso. 
Consistently ;   coerentemente, 

in   modo  consentaneo.      To 

act     — ,     agire     da     uomo 

coerente. 

Consistory ;  concistoro. 
Consol-able,  -ation,  -atory ; 

id. 
Console;     i.     consolare.       2. 

(arch.')  mensola. 
Consolid-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Consoling;  consolante,  conso- 

latore. 

Consols ;  rendita  consolidata. 
Consonant ;  id. 
Consort;   i.  consorte.     2.  com- 

pagno,  socio.     3.  associarsi. 

4.     —   with,    bazzicare.      5. 

In  — ,  di  conserva. 
Conspicuous;  cospicuo. 
Conspiracy ;  cospirazione. 
Conspirator ;  cospiratore,  con- 

giurato. 
Conspire;  i.  cospirare.    i.  co- 

operare. 

Constable ;  guardia,  agente, 
vigile,  questurino,  poliziotto. 
Chief  — ,  commessario  di 
polizia.  Special  — ,  guardia 
volontaria. 

Constabulary ;  polizia. 
Constance;  Costanza. 

H. 


Constancy ;    costanza,    perse- 

veranza,  fermezza. 
Constant ;      costante,     consis- 

tente. 
Constantinople ;     Costantino- 

poll. 

Constellation ;  costellazione. 
Consternation  ;  costernazione. 
Constipate;  costipare. 
Constipation ;     costipamento, 

stitichezza. 
Constituency;     collegio  elet- 

torale. 
Constituent ;     i.    costituente. 

1.  elettore. 

Constitute ;    costituire,    stabi- 

lire. 
Constitution;    i.  costituzione, 

statuto.      2.     temperamento, 

costituzione. 
Constrain  ;   costringere,  repri- 

mere.     — ed,  impacciato. 
Constraint ;      costringimento, 

costrizione,  soggezione,  forza. 

Under  — ,    impacciato,   alle 

strette. 
Constrict ;  ristringere,  compri- 

mere,  rinserrare. 
Constriction;    costrizione,  co- 
stringimento. 
Constrictor ;  costrittore. 
Construct;      costruire,  fabbri- 

care. 
Construction ;  costruzione,  co- 

struttura. 
Constructive ;      i.    induttivo. 

2.  costruttore. 
Constructor ;  costruttore. 
Construe ;    tradurre,  spiegare, 

interpretare. 
Consubstantial ;      consustan- 

ziale. 

Consul;  console. 
Consular;  consolare. 
Consulship ;  consolato. 
Consult ;  consultare. 
Consultant ;      medico    consu- 

lente. 
Consultation ;    consulto,   con- 

sulta. 
Consulting-room ;   sala  delle 

consultazioni. 
Consumable;  id. 
Consume;  consumare. 
Consumer;  consumatore. 
Consummate;    i.   finito,  pro- 

vetto,   esimio,   sommo,  per- 

fezionato.        2.     consumare, 

finire,   perfezionare,    portare 

a  fine. 
Consummation ;  compimento, 

perfezione. 
Consumption ;     i.    consume, 

sciupio,  distruzione.    2.  con- 

sunzione,  tisi,  etisia. 
Consumptive ;  tisico. 
Contact ;  contatto.  —  breaker, 

interruttore. 
Contagion  ;  contagio. 
Contain ;    i.    contenere,   com- 

prendere.     2.  raffrenare,  re- 

primere. 

Container;  contenente. 
Contaminate ;  id. 
Contango ;  riporto. 
Contemn ;  sprezzare. 
Contemplate;  i.  id.     2.  divi- 

sare,  meditare. 
Contempor-aneous,       -ary ; 

contemporaneo. 


Contempt;      i.     sprezzo,    di- 

spregio ;      Bring     into     — , 

mettere    in    discredito.       i. 

disobbedienza,  contumacia. 
Contemptible ;  spregevole,  in- 

degno,  sprezzabile. 
Contemptuous ;       sprezzante, 

sdegnoso. 
Contend ;   id.,  contrastare,  di- 

sputare. 

Contending ;  rivale. 
Content;  id.,  pago, soddisfatto. 

Easily   — ed,   di  facile   con- 

tentamento. 

Contentedness ;  contentezza. 
Contention ;  contenzione. 
Contentious;     i.   contenzioso. 

2.     accattabrighe,    cavilloso, 

bisbetico. 
Contentiousness;    umore  ris- 

soso. 

Contentment ;  contentezza. 
Contents ;  contenuto,  indice  di 

materie. 

Conterminous ;  confinante. 
Contest ;     i.    contesa,   alterco, 

lotta.       2.     contestare,     di- 

sputare,  contendere. 
Contestation ;  disputare. 
Context ;  contesto. 
Contiguous;  contiguo. 
Continen-ce,  -t,  -tal;  id. 
Contingen-cy,  -t;  id. 
Contingently ;        condizional- 

inente.      —    upon,    a   patto 

che. 

Continual ;     incessante,    con- 
tinue, ripetuto. 
Continu-ance,  -ation  ;  id. 
Continue ;     continuare,     pro- 

lungare,   conservare,  durare, 

dimorare. 
Continuity ;  id. 
Continuous ;  continue,  ininter- 

rotto. 

Contort ;  contorcere. 
Contortion ;  contorsione. 
Contour ;  contorno. 
Contraband ;  contrabbando. 
Contract;  i.  contralto,  accollo, 

appalto.      2.    contrarre.      3. 

contrattare.     4.   raggrinzare. 

5.  —  for,  imprendere,appal- 

tare,  accollare.      6.    —  to, 

impegnarsi. 

Contractedness ;  ristrettezza. 
Contractile ;  contrattile. 
Contraction ;  contrazione. 
Contractor ;  contraente,  accol- 

latario,    appaltatore,    impre- 
sario, fornitore,  intraprendi- 

tore. 

Contradict ;  contraddire. 
Contradiction;  contraddizione. 
Contradictory;        contraddit- 

torio. 
Contradistinction ;       opposi- 

zione,  contrasto. 
Contralto;  id. 
Contrariety ;  id. 
Contrariwise ;     anzi,   al    con- 

trario,  all'  inverso. 
Contrary;  id.,  opposto.    Quite 

the  — ,  tutt'  al  contrario. 
Contrast;     i.     id.       2.     con- 
trastare. 

Contravene ;  contravvenire. 
Contravener ;  contravventore. 
Contravention;   contravvenzi- 

one. 


Contribute ;  contribuire,  sotto- 
scrivere.  To  —  articles  to 
the  '  Times, '  scrivere  pel 
'  Times.'  To  —  fifty  guineas, 
contribuire  con  cinquanta 
ghinee. 

Contribut-ion,  -ive ;  id. 

Contributor ;  contribuente,  so- 
scrittore,  collaboratore. 

Contri-te,  -tion;  id. 

Contrivance ;  modo,  verso, 
mezzo,  spediente,  congegno 
trovato,  mvenzione. 

Contrive;  i.  inventare, ideare, 
macchinare,  metier  insieme. 
2.  trovar  mezzo  di,  riuscire 
a,  concertare. 

Contriver;  autore,  inventore. 

Control;    i.    controllo,  freno. 

2.  autorita,     dominazione. 

3.  raffrenare,  reprimere,  con- 
Irollare.       4.    dirigere,    go- 
vernare,  padroneggiare. 

Controllable ;  frenabile. 

Controller;  i.  controllore. 
2.  capo  ragioniere.  3.  mae- 
stro, padrone. 

Controversial ;  polemico,  di 
controversia. 

Controversialist ;  controver- 
sista. 

Controversy;  id. 

Controvert;  controvertere, con- 
testare. 

Contumacious ;  caparbio,  con- 
tumace. 

Contumacy ;  ostinazione,  con- 
tumacia. 

Contumel-ious,  -y ;  id. 

Contuse ;  ammaccare. 

Contusion ;  id. ,  ammacca- 
mento. 

Conundrum ;  indovinello. 

Convalescen-ce,  -t;  id. 

Convene;  convocare,  far  conve- 
nire,  adunare. 

Convener ;  convocatore. 

Convenience;  comodita,  con- 
venienza.  At  your  — ,  a 
vostro  comodo,  a  vostro 
bell'  agio. 

Convenient;  conveniente,  con- 
venevole,  comodo. 

Convent ;  monastero.convento; 
v.  supra,  Monaco,  Monas- 
tero. 

Conventicle ;  conventicola, 
conciliabolo. 

Convention,  -al;  id. 

Conventual;  id. 

Converg-e,  -ence;  id. 

Conversant ;  versato,  pratico. 

Conversation ;  id.,  discorso, 
chiacchiera. 

Converse;  i.  colloquio,  con- 
versazione. 2.  commercio, 
familiarita.  3.  converse, 
reciproco.  4.  conversare, 
intratlenersi,  discorrere,  dis- 
cutere.  5.  —  with,  fre- 
quentare,  esser  familiare 
con. 

Conversely ;  reciprocamente. 

Conversion;  id.,  trasforma- 
zione. 

Convert;  i.  convertito.  2. 
convertire,  trasmutare,  tras- 
formare. 

Converter ;  convertitore. 

Convertible;  id. 

D 


XXVI 


CONVEX— COSTERMONGER 


Convex;  convesso. 

Convey;  i.  trasportare,  con- 
durre,  portare,  trasmettere. 
•2.  dare.  3.  traslatare. 

Conveyance ;  i.  trasporto, 
mezzo  di  trasporto,  vettura. 
i.  cessione.  3.  deed  of  — , 
atto  traslativo. 

Conveyancer;  notaro. 

Conveyancing ;  notariato. 

Conveyer ;  portatore,  latore. 

Convict;  i.  condannato,  re- 
cluso,  forzato,  galeotto. 
•2.  giudicare  reo,  condan- 
nare,  dichiarar  colpevole. 

Convict  establishment ;  bag- 
no,  ergastolo. 

Conviction;  i.  convincimento. 

1.  condanna. 
Convince ;  convincere. 
Convincingly;    in  modo  con- 

vincente. 

Convincingness ;  persuasiva. 

Convivial ;  gioviale,  festevole. 

Conviviality ;  festevolezza. 

Convocation;  i.  id.  2.  specie 
di  Parlamento  ecclesiastico 
inglese. 

Convoke;  convocare. 

Convolution;  i.  circonvolu- 
zione.  2.  avvolgimento, 
attortigliamento. 

Convolvulus  ;  convolvolo,  vi- 
lucchio. 

Convoy;  i.  convoglio.  2. 
scorta.  3.  convogliare, 
scortare. 

Convulse ;  cagionare  convul- 
sion!, rendere  convulso,  agi- 
tare,  scuotere.  To  be  — d, 
tremare  (dalla  collera),  con- 
torcersi. 

Convulsed ;  convulso. 

Convuls-ion,  -ive;  id. 

Cony ;  coniglio. 

Coo ;  tubare. 

Cook;  i.  cuoc-o,  -a;  Head 
— ,  capo  cuoco.  2.  cuci- 
nare,  cuocere. 

Cookery;  cucina,  arteculinaria. 
—  book,  manuale  del  cuo- 
co. 

Cooking;  cocitura. 

Cool;     i.     fresco,    fredduccio. 

2.  leggiero.      3.    freddo,  in- 
diffeiente,  calmo,  disinvolto. 
4.  ardito,  forte.     5.  frescura. 
6.  rinfrescare,  raffreddare. 

Cooler ;  vaso  refrigerante. 
Coolie ;  lavorante  indigene. 
Coolly ;   spudoratamente,  ardi- 

tamente,  sfacciatamente,  con 

disinvoltura. 
Coolness;  i.  fresco, freschezza. 

2.  sangue  freddo.     3.  disin- 
voltura. 
Coop;   i.  stia.     2.  rinchiudere, 

ingabbiare.     — ed  up,  chiuso 

in  gabbia. 
Cooper;  bottaio. 
Cooperage ;  arte  o  bottega  del 

bottaio. 
Co-operat-e,  -ion,  -ive,  -or; 

id. 

Co-ordinat-e,  -ion ;  id. 
Coot ;  folaga. 

Cop;   i.  arrestare.     2.   colpire. 
Copaiva ;  copaiba. 
Copal ;  id. 
Co-partner ;  socio,  consocio. 


Co-partnership ;    comparteci- 

pazione,  associazione. 
Cope;     i.    cappuccio,  pianeta. 

2.  tener  testa  (a). 
Copeck;  copecco. 
Copenhagen ;  Copenaghen. 
Coper  ;  chi  traffica  poco  onesta- 

mente. 

Copier;  copista. 
Coping ;      comignolo,    colmo, 

coronamento. 

Copious;  copioso,  abbondante. 
Copiousness;    dovizia,  copia, 

abbondanza,  ricchezza. 
Copper;     i.    rame.       2.    — s, 

soldi.     3.    caldaia. 
Copperas ;  copparo.sa. 
Copper  beech ;    faggio  a  fog- 

liame  bruno. 
Copper-coloured ;     color    di 

rame. 
Copper-founder;  fonditore  di 

rame. 
Copper-plate;      i.    lastra    di 

rame.     2.  incisione  in  rame. 
Copper-sheathed;  foderato  in 

rame. 
Coppersmith  ;    calderaio,   fab- 

bro  di  rame. 

Copper  wire  ;  filo  di  rame. 
Coppice,  Copse ;  boschetto. 
Copulate;  usare. 
Copulation;  coito,  copula. 
Copulative ;  id. 
Copy;   i.  copia.     2.  esemplare. 

3.  modello.       4.     (print.) 
originale.     5.   Fair  — ,  bella 
copia  o  a  pulito  ;  Rough  — , 
brutta  copia ;  True  — ,  copia 
conforme,  v.  Conforme ;  To 
make  a  fair   — ,  mettere   al 
pulito.     6.    copiare,  seguire 
(!'    esempio).      7.    —    out, 
trascrivere. 

Copy-book;    quaderno,   quin- 

terno. 
Copyhold ;  specie  di  proprieta 

limitata. 
Copying   machine ;    copialet- 

tere. 

Copyist ;  scrivano. 
Copyright;  proprieta letteraria. 
Coquette;   i.  civetta.    2.  civet- 
tare. 

Coquettish  ;  da  civetta. 
Coquettishly ;  civettescamente. 
Coquettishness ;  civetteria. 
Coracle;     specie    di  barchetta 

leggerissima. 
Coral;  i.  corallo.    2.  sonaglio 

di   corallo.      3.    —  fishery, 

pesca   di   corallo ;    —    reef, 

banco  di  corallo. 
Coralwort ;  dentaria. 
Corbel;  modiglione. 
Cord ;    i.    corda.      2.    cordon- 

cino.     3.    legare  con  corde. 
Cordage ;  cordame. 
Cordelier ;  Franciscano. 
Cordial,  -ity,  -ly  ;  id. 
Cord-maker;  funaiolo. 
Cordon ;  /,/. 
Corduroy ;  velluto  di  cotone  a 

costole. 
Core ;      i.     torso.       2.    anima. 

3.    radice  d'  un  fignolo. 
Co-religionist ;         correligio- 

nario. 
Co-respondent ;  convenuto  (in 

processo  di  divorzio). 


Coriander;  id. 

Cork;     i.    sughero,   turacciolo, 

zaffo.       2.    turare,    tappare. 

3.  — ed,  che  sente  il  sughero. 
Cork-cutter;      fabbricante    di 

turaccioli. 

Cork-jacket;  scafandro. 
Corkscrew ;   cavaturaccioli,  ca- 

vatappi.     —  staircase,  scala 

a  chiocciola. 
Cork  tree ;  sughero. 
Cormorant ;    marangone,  cor- 

morano. 
Corn  ;  i.  grano,  cereali ;  Indian 

— ,    granturco.      2.     biada. 

3.     callo,   lupino ;    Soft   — , 

occhio  di  pernice.     4.  — ed, 

salato. 

Corn -bin ;  cassa  da  grano. 
Corn  cockle;  v.  Cockle  (2). 
Corn-crake  ;  re  di  quaglie. 
Corn  crops ;  cereali. 
Corn-cutter;     pedicure,     cal- 

lista. 

Corn-dealer;  granaiolo. 
Corn-drill;  seminatoio. 
Cornea ;  id. 
Cornel ;  corniolo. 
Cornelian ;  corni61a. 
Corner;       i.     canto,    angolo, 

cantone,   cantonata.      2.   in- 

cettare,  far  incetta.     3.   In  a 

— ,  alle  strette  ;  — ed,  messo 

alle  strette.      4.    Put  in  the 

— ,    mettere     in    penitenza. 

5.   Round  the  — ,  alia  voltata 

della  strada.     6.     Cut  off  a 

— ,  scorciare  la  via.     7.  Done 

in  a  — ,  fatto  di  soppiatto. 

8.    Turn  the   — ,   passare  il 

peggio. 
Corner-stone ;     pietra    ango- 

lare. 

Cornerwise ;  angolarmente. 
Cornet ;  cornetta. 
Cornetcy ;     grado    di    cornet- 
ta. 
Corn-exchange;    mercato    di 

grano. 

Corn-factor;  t>.  Corn-dealer. 
Cornfield;  campo  di  grano. 
Corn-flag ;  giaggiolo. 
Corn-flour;    fiore  o  farina  di 

granturco. 

Corn-flower;  fioraliso. 
Corn-growing ;    produttore  di 

grano. 

Cornice;  cornicione. 
Corn-land ;  terra  da  grano. 
Corn-laws;    leggi   riguardante 

1'  importo  del  grano. 
Corn-loft ;  granaio. 
Corn-market;  mercato  o  piazza 

di  grano. 
Corn-measure ;      misura    per 

granaglie. 
Corn-merchant ;  mercante,  o 

negoziante,  in  grani. 
Corn-mill ;  mulino. 
Corn -poppy ;  rosolaccio. 
Corn-rent;      fitto    pagato    in 

grano. 

Corn-salad;  favette. 
Cornucopia;  id. 
Cornwall ;  Cornovaglia. 
Corn-weevil ;  punteruolo. 
Corolla;  id. 
Corollary  ;  id. 
Coron-a,  -ation ;  id. 
Coroner;     chi      fa      inchiesta 


giudiziaria  nei  casi  di  morte 

sospetta. 

Coronet ;  corona  (del  nobili). 
Coronilla;  id. 
Corporal;     i.     caporale.       2. 

corporate.     3.  corporeo. 
Corporally ;  corporalmente. 
Corporate ;  costituito. 
Corporation;    i.  id.     2.   pan- 

cione. 

Corporeal;  corporeo. 
Corps ;  corpo. 
Corpse ;  morto,  cadavere. 
Corpulen-ce,  -t;  id. 
Corpus       Christi ;        Corpus 

Domini. 

Corpuscle ;  corpuscolo. 
Correct;     i.    corretto,  giusto, 

nella  regola,  esatto,  preciso, 

buono,  ammodo  ;    Is   it   — 

to  say  ?   e  ben  detto  il  dire  ? 

2.  correggere.     3.  castigare. 
Correction;       i.      correzione, 

emendazione.       2.     gastigo, 

riprensione.      3.    Under  — , 

con  rispetto. 

Correctional ;  correzionale. 
Corrective ;  correttivo. 
Correctly ;  correttamente. 
Correctness;  correttezza,  giu- 

stezza. 

Corrector;  correttore. 
Correlate ;  aver  relazione. 
Correlated  ;  congiunto,  affine, 

in  rapporto  reciproco. 
Correl-ation,  -ative ;  id. 
Correspond ;      corrispondere, 

aver    proporzione,    confarsi, 

rispondere,  riferirsi. 
Corresponden-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Corresponsive ;  corrispettivo. 
Corridor ;  corridoio. 
Corrigible;  id. 
Corroborat-e,  -ion;  id. 
Corro-de,  -sion,  -sive;  id. 
Corrugate ;  id. 
Corrupt;   i.   corrotto.     2.  cor- 

rompere. 

Corrupter;  corruttore. 
Corruptible ;  corruttibile. 
Corruption  ;  corruzione. 
Corruptly ;  corrottamente. 
Corruptness;  corruttela. 
Corsair;  corsaro. 
Corselet ;  corsaletto. 
Corset;  busto,  fascetta. 
Corset-maker ;  bustaia,  fascet- 

taia. 

Cortex;  corteccia. 
Cortical ;  id. 
Corundum  ;  corindone. 
Coruscate  ;  halenare. 
Corvette ;  id. 
Corymb ;  corimbo. 
Coryphaeus ;  corifeo. 
Cos  lettuce  ;  lattuga  romana. 
Cosignatory ;  conrmatario. 
Cosmetic ;  id. 
Cosm-ic,  -ogony ;  id. 
Cosmopolitan  ;  cosmopolita. 
Cosmoram-a,  -ic ;  id. 
Cossack;  Cosacco. 
Cost;    i.  prezzo ;  At  —  price, 

al  prezzo  di  fabbrica.    2.  — s, 

spese   processuali.       3.     co- 
stare.     4.    —  what  it  may, 

ad  ogni  costo. 
Costal;  id. 
Costermonger ;     fruttivendolo 

ambulante. 


COSTIVE— COY 


XXVll 


Costive ;  costipato,  stitico. 
Costliness ;    sontuosita,   spesa 

grande. 
Costly  ;  costoso,  ricco,  sontuo- 

so. 

Costmary ;  costo  rainore. 
Costume;  (<j?.,vestito,vestiario. 
Costumier ;  vestiarista. 
Cosy;       i.     piacevole,     dolce 

confortabile,     comodo.       2. 

copriteiera. 
Cot;       i.      capanna,     abituro. 

i.    culla. 

Cote ;  Sheep  — ,  ovile. 
Coterie  ;  cricca,  consorteria. 
Cotillon  ;  cotiglione. 
Cotoneaster;  cotognastro. 
Co-trustee ;       confidecommis- 

sario. 
Cottage ;    capanna,  casetta  di 

campagna,  tugurio. 
Cottage-boy,  -girl;   contadi- 

nell-o,  -a. 

Cottager;  contadino. 
Cotter ;     bietta,    zeppa,    chia- 

vetta. 
Cotton ;     i.    cotone ;     Sewing 

— ,  filo  di  scozia.     2.     To  — 

whh,   afTezionarsi   con,  farsi 

amico  di. 

Cottonade;  cotonina. 
Cotton -cloth;  tela  di  cotone. 
Cotton-factory ;      filatoio    di 

cotone. 

Cotton-famine;  crisi  cotoniera. 
Cotton  goods ;  cotonerie. 
Cotton-plant;  cotone. 
Cotton-print;  indiana. 
Cotton-spinner;    filatore    (di 

cotone). 

Cotton-spinning;  cotonificio. 
Cotton-thread;  filo  di  cotone. 
Cotton-waste;  stoppaccio  o 

borra  di  cotone. 
Cotton -wool;  cotone. 
Cotyledon;  cotiledone. 
Couch;       i.     letto,     canape, 

cislonga.   2.  tenersi  nascosto. 

3.  esprimere,  redigere  ;  — ed 
in  these  terms,  cosi  concetto. 

4.  mettere    in    resta    (una 
lancia).       5.    abbassare   una 
cataratta  nell'  occhio. 

Couch-grass;  dente  canino, 
gramigna. 

Cougar;  coguaro,  puma. 

Cough;  i.  tosse ;  Whooping 
— ,  tosse  canina.  2.  tos- 
sire. 

Coulter;  vomere. 

Council ;  consiglio.  Privy  — , 
consiglio  di  Stato. 

Councillor;  consigliere. 

Counsel;  i.  consiglio,  avviso  ; 
Keep  one's  own  — ,  tenere 
per  se  cio  che  si  sa.  2.  av- 
vocato.  3.  consigliare ;  — 
against,  sconsigliare. 

Count;  i.  conte.  2.  conto, 
calcolo,  numero.  3.  capo 
d'  accusa.  4.  contare,  com- 
putare.  5.  —  upon,  far 
assegnamento  sopra.  6.  — 
for  little,  aver  poco  valore. 

Countable;  numerabile. 

Countenance;  i.  volto,  viso, 
sembiante,  aria.  ».  favore, 
appoggio,  tolleranza.  3. 
tollerare,  favoreggiare,  far 
buon  viso  a.  4.  Put  out  of 


— ,  sconcertare,  confomlere. 

5.  Give  —  to,  favorire. 
Counter;    i.    calcolatore,   con- 

tatore.   2.  banco.   3.  gettone. 

4.     petto   (di    cavallo).      5. 

(mus.)  contralto.      6.   forno, 

o  volta,  della  poppa.    7.  con- 

trariamente,      all'     opposto, 

contro  ;  Run  —  to,  opporsi 

a,  andar  contro  a. 
Counteract;  neutralizzare,  con- 

trariare,   attraversare,    sven- 

tare. 
Counteraction ;   antagonismo, 

resistenza. 
Counterbalance ;  controbilan- 

ciare,   compensare,   contrap- 

pesare. 
Counterblast ;       controcolpo, 

risposta. 
Counter-charge ;      recrimina- 

zione,  contraccusa. 
Counter-charm ;  contramalia. 
Counter-cheer ;  approvazione 

del  partito  opposto.     Cheers 

and  — s,  approvazioni  dalle 

due  parti. 
Counter-claim  ;    domanda  ri- 

convenzionale. 
Counter-current ;    controcor- 

rente. 

Counter-drain ;  contraffosso. 
Counter-draw;     i.    Hcalcare. 

2.    calcare. 

Counter-drawing ;  calco. 
Counter-evidence ;       contro- 

prova. 
Counterfeit ;  i.  contraffazione. 

2.  contraffatto,     simulato. 

3.  contraffare,  fingere. 
Counterfeiter ;    contraffattore, 

falsario. 

Counterfeiting ;         contraffa- 
zione. 

Counterfoil;  matrice. 
Counter-jumper;       galoppi- 

no. 
Countermand ;  contromandare, 

contrordinare. 
Counter-march;     i.    contro- 

marcia.  i.  contromarciare. 
Counter-mark ;  contromarca. 
Countermine;  i.  contromina. 

2.  controminare. 
Counter-motion ;     contropro- 

posizione. 
Counter-movement ;      movi- 

mento  opposto. 
Counter-order ;  contrordine. 
Counterpane ;    sopraccoperta, 

coperta  trapunta  di  parata. 
Counterpart ;        controscritta, 

copia. 
Counter-petition ;         contro- 

petizione. 

Counter-plea;  replica. 
Counterpoint ;  contrappunto. 
Counterpoise ;  contrappeso. 
Counter-pressure ;       contro- 

pressione. 
Counter-project ;     contropro- 

getto. 

Counter-proof;  controprova. 
Counter-proposal ;       contro- 

proposizione. 

Counterscarp ;  controscarpa. 
Counter-seal ;  controsigillare. 
Countersign  ;  j.  parola  d'  or- 

dine.        j.     contrassegnare, 

controfirmare. 


Counter-signal ;     contrasseg- 

nale. 
Counter-signature ;    contras- 

segno,  controfirma. 
Counter-sink;  accecare;  coun- 
ter-sunk     head,      capocchia 
accecata. 

Counterstand ;  resistenza. 
Counter-statement;  dichiara- 

zione  opposta. 

Counterstroke ;  contraccolpo, 
risposta,  replica. 

Countervail  ;  v.  Counter- 
balance. 

Counterweight ;  contrappeso. 

Counterwork ;  contrariare. 

Countess;  contessa. 

Counting-house ;  banco,  cas- 
sa. 

Countless ;  innumerable. 

Countrified;  campagnuolo. 

Country;  i.  paese,  regione, 
contrada.  2.  campagna. 
3.  patria.  4.  campagnuolo, 
campestre. 

Country-dance;  contraddanza 
inglese. 

Country  doctor;  medico  di 
campagna. 

Country  gentleman ;  possi- 
dente,  signore  di  provincia. 

Country  girl ;  contadinella. 

Countryman;  i.  contadino. 
2.  compaesano,  compatriot- 
ta. 

Country  seat ;  villa. 

Country  town;  citta  di  pro- 
vincia. 

County ;  contea.  —  court, 
tribunale  di  circondario. 

Couple;  i.  coppia.  2.  accop- 
piare.  3.  attaccare  (vagoni 
feiroviarii). 

Couplet ;  strofa,  strofetta,  disti- 
co. 

Coupling;  i.  giunto.  2.  ac- 
coppiamento. 

Coupon ;  cedola,  cupone. 

Courage  ;  coraggio,  baldanza, 
bravura.  Take  — ,  farsi 
animo. 

Courageous ;  coraggioso,  bra- 
vo, baldanzoso. 

Courier;  coniere. 

Course;  i.  corsa.  2.  corso, 
camera.  3.  ordine.  4.  via, 
partito.  5.  modo  di  vivere. 

6.  portata,  servizio  (a  tavola). 

7.  fila    (di     pietre),    strato 
orizzontale.       8.     rotta.      9. 
— s,  mestrui.      10.  — s,  vele 
basse.      n.     In   due  — ,   in 
tempo  utile.       12.    Ill   — s, 
vita  disordinata.   13.    Of — , 
naturalmente,  senza  dubbio, 
si  capisce,  ben  inteso  ;   That 
is  so  of  — ,  cio  va  da  se ; 
Matter  of  — ,  cosa  naturale. 
14.    correre  (la  lepre).     15. 
Let    things    take   their   — , 
lasciare  andar  1'  acqua  alia 
china. 

Courser;  corsiere,  destriere. 
Courser      plover ;       corriere 

biondo. 

Coursing ;  caccia  della  lepre. 
Court;       i.     corte,    tribunale, 

aula,  cortile.    2.  corteggiare, 

far   la  corte.      3.    ricercare, 

andare  incontro  a. 


Court-card;  carta  figurata. 
Court-dress ;  abito  di  corte. 
Courteous ;      cortese,    civile, 

gentile,  grazioso. 
Courtesan;  cortigiana. 
Courtesy ;  civilta,  cortesia. 
Court-house;   palazzo  di  giu- 

stizia. 

Courtier;  cortigiano. 
Courtly ;  cortigianesco,  cortese, 

distinto. 

Courtship ;  corteggiamento. 
Cousin ;  cugino. 
Cousinship ;    parentela,  grado 

di  parentela  tra  cugini. 
Cove;     i.     volta.       2.     cala. 

3.    coso.     4.    — d,  voltato. 
Covenant;   i.  contralto,  patto, 
convenzione,       stipulazione, 
impegno.     2.  lega  religiosa. 
3.     contrattare,   patteggiare, 
impegnarsi,  obbligarsi. 
Covenanter ;       membro      del 

"  Covenant." 
Coventry;  Send  to  — ,  metier 

al  bando,  in  quarantena. 
Cover;  i.  coperchio,  coperta, 
copertina,  copertura,  gual- 
drappa,  involto,  busta  (di 
lettera),  piego,  plico.  2. 
posata.  3.  campana  (di 
vetro).  4.  riparo.  5.  ma- 
schera,  velo.  6.  tappeto 
(da  tavola).  7.  Under  — , 
al  coperto  ;  Under  the  —  of, 
al  riparo  di,  protetto  da. 
8.  coprire,  ricoprire.  9. 
comprendere  in,  provvedere 
a.  10.  —  from,  nascondere 
da.  ii.  montare  (dello Stal- 
lone). 

Coverlet ;  copripiedi,  coperta. 
Covert ;  macchia,  bosco,   folto 

(d*  un  bosco),  boschetto. 
Covertly ;      copertamente,     di 

nascosto. 
Coverture ;     stato     di    donna 

maritata. 

Covet ;  agognare,  bramare. 
Covetous ;      avido,     ingordo, 

bramoso,  avaro. 
Covey;  covata. 
Cow;   i.  vacca,  mucca.     2.  in- 

timidire,  intimorire. 
Coward ;      codardo,    pauroso, 

vigliacco. 

Cowberry  ;  cinquefoglia  d'  ac- 
qua. 

Cowboy;  vaccaro,  buttero. 
Cow-catcher  (of  a  locomotive); 

specie  di  scoparotaie. 
Cowhide  ;  pelle  di  vacca. 
Cowhouse;  vaccheria. 
Cowl;    i.    cappuccio.      2.    fu- 

maiolo. 

Cowman;  vaccaro. 
Co-worker ;  collaboratore. 
Cow  parsley  ;  panace  di  mon- 

tagna. 

Cowslip ;    primavera    gialla   a 
mazzetti,  v.  Primavera  (2,  d). 
Cow  wheat ;  coda  di  volpe. 
Coxcomb;   i.  zerbino,  vanesio, 
appaltone.       2.     v.    Cocks- 
comb. 
Coxswain;     padrone    di     una 

imbarcazione. 

Coy ;  modesto,  ritroso,  riser- 
vato,  timido,  schifo,  conte- 
gnoso. 

D2 


XXV111 


COYOTE— CROSS-ROAD 


Coyote;  specie  di  sciacallo 
americano,  canis  latrans. 

Cozen ;  ingannare,  truffare, 
mettere  in  mezzo,  gabbare. 

Crab;  i.  granchio.  2.  melo 
salvatico.  3.  Catch  a  —  (in 
rowing),  prendere  un  gran- 
chio. 4.  verricello,  argano. 
5.  avvilire,  screditare,  parlare 
contro. 

Crabbed ;  aspro,  duro,  difficile, 
spinoso,  arcigno. 

Crack;  i.  spaccatura,  fessura, 
screpolatura,  pelo,  rottura. 

2.  chiocco.        3.     scoppio. 

4.  spaccare,  fendere,  screpo- 
lare,      incrinare,      rompere. 

5.  scoppiare,   far  chioccare, 
fare    scricchiolare    (le   dita). 

6.  famoso,  favorito. 
Crack-brained ;  scervellato. 
Cracker;     i.    biscottino,    croc- 

cante.     2.    salterello,  razzo. 

3-    bugia. 
Crackle ;     scoppiettare,    scric- 

chiare,  crepitare. 
Crackling ;       r .      scoppiettio, 

crepito,    crepitazione,    scric- 

chio.     2.  carne  rosolata  (del 

porco). 

Cracknel ;  specie  di  biscotto. 
Cracksman  ;   ladro  (con  effra- 

zione). 
Cradle;     i.    culla,   cuna.      2. 

(surg.)    archetto.       3.    letto 

(del  varo),   invasatura,  can- 

tiere. 
Craft;     i.    arte,  mestiere.      i. 

astuzia,  furberia.     3.   legno, 

naviglio,  barca. 
Craftsman;  artifice. 
Crafty ;     scaltro,   fino,   astuto, 

abile. 

Crag;  balza,  rupe. 
Crag  martin ;    rondine    mon- 

tana. 
Craggy  ;  rotto,  sassoso,  scosce- 

so,  erto. 
Crake ;       schiribilla,      teccola, 

voltolino. 
Cram  ;     i.    riempire,  infarcire, 

rimpinzare ;     —    in,     ficcar 

dentro.     2.   (gergo)  bugia. 
Crammer;  ripetitore. 
Cramming;    lo  studiare  senza 

vero    profitto,    studii     indi- 

gesti,  ripetizione. 
Cramp;     r.     granchio,    ritira- 

mento  di  muscoli.     2.  lega, 

arpione,  grampia,   rampone. 

3.  impastoiare,   ingranchire, 
impacciare.   4.  assicurare  con 
ramponi. 

Cramp-fish ;  torpedine. 

Cramp-iron  ;  rampone. 

Cranberry ;  mortella  di  padule. 

Crane;  i.  grue,  damigella. 
2.  spinger  avanti  (la  tes- 
ta). 

Crane's  bill ;  geranio. 

Craniology ;  id. 

Cranium ;  cranio. 

Crank;  i.  manovella,  manu- 
brio.  —  shaft,  albero,  o 
asse,  a  manovella.  2.  uomo 
ghiribizzoso,  visionario,  paz- 
zo,  scervellato. 

Cranky ;  visionario,  pazzo. 

Cranny;  fessura. 

Crape  ;  crespo,  velo  nero. 


Crash;  i.  rovina,  fracasso, 
caduta  rumorosa.  2.  urtare 
con  fracasso,  rovinare,  strepi- 
tare.  3.  falliinento  subi- 
taneo. 
Crasis;  crasi. 

Crass;  id. 

Crate ;  cesta,  paniera. 

Crater;  cratere. 

Craunch ;  v.  Crunch. 

Cravat ;  cravat ta. 

Crave;  i.  chiedere.  2.  bra- 
mare. 

Craven ;  vigliacco,  codardo. 

Craving;  i.  brama,  smania. 
2.  avido,  bramoso. 

Crawfish  ;  v.  Crayfish. 

Crawl ;  strascinarsi,  strisciare 
colle  mani  a  terra.  Be  — ing 
with,  brulicare. 

Crawler ;  rettile. 

Crayfish  ;  gambero. 

Crayon;  matita,  pastello. 

Craze  ;  smania. 

Crazy;  i.  matto,  folle.  2. 
decrepito,  mezzo  rovinato. 

Creak ;  scricchiolare. 

Cream ;  panna,  fiore  di  latte, 
crema.  —  of  tartar,  cre- 
more  di  tartaro.  —  cake, 
berlingozzo.  —  cheese,  for- 
maggio  di  crema.  Choco- 
late — ,  cioccolatino  alia 
crema. 

Cream-coloured  ;  color  cre- 
ma. 

Cream-ice  ;  gelato  di  crema. 

Cream-jug;  vasetto  da  pan- 
na. 

Cream-laid ;  (carta)  liscia  o 
lucida,  porcellana. 

Cream-sauce  ;  salsa  di  farina 
e  latte. 

Cream-tart;  torta  alia  crema. 

Creamery ;  latteria. 

Creamy;  cremoso,  con  molta 
panna  di  latte. 

Crease;  i.  piega,  grinza.  i. 
spiegazzare,  sgualcire. 

Creasote  ;  v.  Creosote. 

Create ;  creare,  far  nascere, 
cagionare. 

Creat-ion,  -ive,  -or,  -ure ; 
id. 

Creche ;  istituto  di  baliatico, 
asilo  infantile. 

Credence  ;  credenza. 

Credentials,  Credible  ;  id. 

Credit ;      i.      credenza,    fede. 

2.  credito ;    Debit   and  — , 
dare   e  avere  ;    To  place  to 
— ,    accreditare  ;     To   bring 
into  — ,  metier  in  onore  ;  To 
take  —  for,   farsi  onore  di. 

3.  credere. 

Cred-itable,  -itor,  -ulity  ;  id. 
Credulous;  credulo. 

Creed ;  i.  credo.  2.  creden- 
za. 

Creek ;  cala. 

Creel ;  paniera. 

Creep;  i.  strisciare.  2.  ar- 
rampicarsi.  3.  insinuarsi. 

4.  —  on,   avanzarsi    lenta- 
mente.     5.  —  out,  strigarsi. 
6.  —  up,  avvicinarsi  innos- 
servato,  dolcemente. 

Creeper ;  rampicante. 
Creeps  ;  formicolio,  brivido. 
Cremate  ;  incinerare,  cremare. 


Cremation ;  id. 
Crematorium ;  crematoio. 
Crenate  ;  merlato. 
Creole ;  id. 
Creosote ;  id. 
Crepitate ;  id. 
Crepuscular ;  id. 
Crescent ;  id. 
Cress ;  crescione. 
Cresset ;  fanale,  torciere. 
Crest  ;    i.    cresta.     2.  cimiero. 

3.   stemma. 
Crested  ;  crestuto. 
Cretaceous  ;  id. 
Cretin,  -ism  ;  id. 
Crevasse;  crepaccio. 
Crevice  ;  crepacciolo,  fesso. 
Crew ;  equipaggio,  ciurma. 
Crewel ;    filo  ritorto  per  rica- 

mo. 

Crewel-work ;  ricamo. 
Crib;    i.   lettino.     2.  mangia- 

toia.       3.     ingabbiare.       4. 

carpire,    derubare,    truffare, 

copiando  di   nascosto   a   un 

esame ;      He     was     caught 

— bing,  fu   sorpreso   mentre 

copiava. 
Crib-biter;  cavallo  che  morde 

la  mangiatoia. 
Cribbage ;   specie  di  giuoco  di 

carte. 
Crick;  crampo.    — intheneck, 

torticollo. 
Cricket;   i.  grillo.     2.  cricket; 

It  is  not  — ,   non   e   giuoco 

leale. 

Crier;  banditore. 
Crime ;  delitto. 
Crimin-al,  -ality;  id. 
Criminate ;  incolpare. 
Crimp;   i.  arrolatore  (per  forza 

o  inganno).     2.    increspare, 

raggrinzare,    fare  i    cannon- 

cini. 
Crimson;   i.  chermisino,  rosa, 

incarnatino.        2.     diventare 

chermisi. 
Cringe ;      abbassarsi,     leccare, 

unger  gli  stivali  (a). 
Cringing;  sommessione. 
Crinkle;     i.  ruga.       2.  corru- 

gare. 

Crinoline  ;  crinolino. 
Cripple;    r.   storpiato,   storpio, 

zoppo,   sciancato.      2.    stor- 

piare,  paralizzare. 
Crippled;        i.     v.     Cripple. 

2.    disarmato,  avariato. 
Crisis ;  crisi. 
Crisp;  i.  croccante.    2.  crespo, 

ricciuto. 

Criss-cross;  croce. 
Criterion ;  criterio. 
Critic  ;  critico. 
Critical;    i.    id.      2.    critico, 

decisive. 

Critic-ise, -ism;  critic-are, -a. 
Croak ;      gracidare,    crocidare, 

gracchiare. 

Croaker;  gracchiatore, geremia. 
Crochet ;  croce,  uncinetto. 
Crochet-hook;  uncinetto. 
Crock ;  brocca,  vaso,  terrina. 
Crockery ;        vasellame,      sto- 

viglie. 

Crocodile;  coccodrillo. 
Crocus  ;  croco. 
Croft ;  poderetto. 
Crofter ;  fittaiolo  piccino. 


Crone ;  vecchiaccia. 

Crony ;  amico  vecchio,  com- 
pare. 

Crook;  j.  uncino.  2.  pasto- 
rale. 3.  curva,  inugua- 
glianza. 

Crook-back;  gobba. 

Crook-backed;  gobbo. 

Crook-kneed ;  gambe  a  ic- 
casse. 

Crooked;  curvo,adunco, sbieco, 
storto,  difforme,  di  traverse, 
perverso,  indiretto,  inonesto. 
You  have  drawn  that  line — , 
quella  linea  non  1'  avete 
fatto  dritta,  o  1'  avete  tirata 
di  sghembo. 

Crookedness;  curvatura, forma 
adunca,  natura  tortuosa, 
difformita,  perversita. 

Croon ;  cantare  dolcemente, 
canticchiare,  mormoreggiare. 

Crop;  i.  messe  ;  Growing — s, 
raccolto  in  erba.  2.  rac- 
colta ;  After  — ,  v.  After- 
grass. 3.  Green  — s,  foraggi. 
4.  gozzo.  5.  Hunting  — , 
specie  di  fusto  con  cappio. 
6.  tosare.  7.  coltivare. 

8.  mozzare  (coda,  orecchi). 

9.  pascolare,  brucare(l'erba). 

10.  —  up,  sorgere,   soprav- 
venire. 

Croquet ;  giuoco  con  bocce  e 
mazzuolo. 

Crosier;  pastorale. 

Cross;  i.  croce.  2.  incrocia- 
mento.  3.  stizzoso,  imperma- 
lito.  4.  attraversare,  traver- 
sare.  5-barrare.  6.  impedire, 
sventare.  7.  incrociare.  8. 
incrocicchiarsi.  9.  —  off, 
—  out,  cancellare,  dar  di 
frego  a.  10.  • —  over,  pas- 
sare. 

Cross-action;  riconvenzione. 

Cross-bar;  traversa,  sbarra. 

Cross-bill ;  crociere. 

Cross-bones;  ossi  in  croce. 

Cross-bow;  balestra. 

Cross-breed ;  meticcio. 

Cross-breeding;  incrociamen- 
to. 

Cross-country ;  attraverso  i 
campi. 

Cross-cut ;  scorciatoia. 

Cross-examination ;  contro- 
esame,  interrogatorio  in  con- 
tradditorio. 

Cross-examine;  esaminare  o 
interrogare,  strettamente,  in 
dettaglio. 

Cross-fire  ;  fuoco  incrociato. 

Cross-grained;  bisbetico,  ru- 
vido. 

Crossing;  i.  incrociamento. 
2.  traversata. 

Cross-legged  ;  colle  gambe  in- 
crociate. 

Crossly;  di  mal  umore. 

Cross-patch ;  borbottona. 

Cross-purposes;  i.  To  beat 
— ,  fraintendersi  involon- 
tariamente  o  per  equivoco, 
aver  un  qui  pro  quo  con 
uno.  2.  specie  di  giuoco  di 
equivochi. 

Cross-question ;  v.  Cross- 
examine. 

Cross-road  ;  via  traversa. 


CROSS-ROADS— CUT 


XXIX 


Cross-roads ;  crocicchio. 
Cross-sea ;  mare  incrociato. 
Cross-stitch ;    punto  incrocia- 
to. 

Cross-street ;  via  trasversale. 
Cross-suit ;  processo  di  ricon- 

venzione. 
Cross-wind;   vento  contrario, 

vento  di  traverso. 
Cross-wise ;  in  croce. 
Crotch ;  forchetta. 
Crotchet;   i.  ghiribizzo,  grillo, 

smania.     2.  semiminima. 
Crotchety;  capriccioso. 
Croton  oil ;  olio  di  crotone. 
Crouch ;  rannicchiarsi,  accovac- 

ciarsi. 
Croup;     i.    crup.        i.    grop- 

pone. 

Croupier ;  chi  tiene  il  banco. 
Crow;     i.    corvo,    cornacchia. 

t.  canto  (di  gallo).     3.  can- 
tare.   4.  millantarsi,  vantarsi. 

5.    As   the  —  flies,  a  volo 

d'  uccello. 
Crow-bar ;  stanga  di  ferro,  pie 

di  porco. 
Crowd;     i.    folia,    calca.      2. 

aflbllare.        3.     ingombrare. 

4.     —    into,    incalzare,    far 

entrare,  serrare. 
Crowfoot;  ranunculo. 
Crown;     i.  corona.      i.  cima. 

3.  scudo.     4.  cocuzzolo.     5. 

coronare,  incoronare.    6.  da- 
mare.     7.  colmare,  finire. 
Crown  -  glass ;      crown  -glass, 

specie  di  vetro  bianco. 
Crown-imperial ;   corona   im- 

periale. 
Crown-land ;     dominio    dello 

State. 
Crown   officers;    procura  del 

re. 
Crown-prince;  principe  eredi- 

tario. 
Crown-wheel ;  ruota  di  riscon- 

tro. 

Crucial ;  critico,  decisivo. 
Crucible  ;  crogiolo. 
Crucifix  ;  crocifisso. 
Crucifixion ;  crocifissione. 
Cruciform  ;  crociforme. 
Crucify ;  crocifiggere. 
Crud-e,  -ity;  id. 
Cruel,  -ty;  crudel-e,  -ta. 
Cruet;  ampollina. 
Cruet-stand  ;  oliera. 
Cruise  ;   i.  crociera.     2.  incro- 

ciare. 

Cruiser ;  incrocialore. 
Crumb  ;   i.  briciola.     2.  midol- 

la,  mollica. 
Crumb-brush  ;  spazzola  per  le 

middle. 
Crumb-cloth;   tovaglia  che  si 

mette    sotto    la    tavola    per 

raccogliere  le  midolle. 
Crumble;  r.  sminuzzare, tritare. 

2.     sbriciolarsi,     sgretolarsi, 

rompersi,  sfasciarsi.     3.  crol- 

lare.       4.     ridursi    in     pol- 

vere. 

Crumby ;  midolloso. 
Crumpet ;     specie    di    panino 

molle. 
Crumple ;     sgualcire,    spiegaz- 

zare. 
Crunch ;  schiacciare,  sgretolare, 

stritolare. 


Crupper;  i.  groppiera,  sotto- 
coda.  2.  groppa. 

Crusade  ;  crociata. 

Crusader  ;  crociato. 

Cruse  ;  fiasco,  giara. 

Crush;  i.  serra,  calca.  i.  tri- 
tare, schiacciare,  acciaccare, 
schiantare. 

Crust;     i.     crosta,     corteccia. 

2.  incrostare. 
Crustacean ;  crostaceo. 
Crusted ;  crostuto,  scorzuto. 
Crusty;    \.    crostoso.     2.   bur- 

bero,  ruvido. 
Crutch  ;  gruccia. 
Cry;     i.     grido.       i.     pianto. 

3.  In  full  — ,  in  plena  corsa 
dietro  la  volpe.     4.  gridare. 
5.   piangere.     6.  esclamare. 

Cry  down ;  screditare. 

Cry  for ;  implorare. 

Cry  off ;  rinunciare,  non  volerne 

piii. 
Cry     out;      gridare     ad    alta 

voce. 

Cry  to ;  invocare. 
Cry     up ;      vantare,     esaltare, 

lodare,  porlare  al  cielo. 
Crypt ;  critta. 

Cryptic  ;  misterioso,  occulto. 
Cryptogam  ;  crittogamo. 
Crystal,  -line,  -Use  ;  cristal-lo, 

-lino,  -lizzare. 

Cub;   i.   piccino.     2.  figliare. 
Cube ;    cubo.     —  root,  radice 

cubica. 

Cubicle;  camerella. 
Cubit;  id. 
Cuckoo ;  cuculo. 
Cuckoo-flower;        i.       viola 

de'    pesci.       2.    v.    Ragged 

Robin. 

Cuckoo-pint ;  erba  saetta. 
Cuckoo-spit;    bava    vischiosa 

prodotta   dall'   afrofora  spu- 

maria. 

Cucumber ;  cetriolo. 
Cud ;     To    chew    the    — •,    ru- 

minare. 

Cudbear ;  orcella. 
Cuddle  ;    crogiolare,  carezzare, 

accarezzare. 
Cuddy ;     casotto,    pagliolo    di 

prora. 
Cudgel ;    r.  randello,  bacchio. 

1.  bastonare.      3.    —  one's 
brains,    lambiccarsi    il    cer- 
vello. 

Cue ;  i.  stecca.  2.  suggeri- 
mento,  imbeccata.  3.  parte, 
parola  d'  otdine. 

Cue-rack;  portastecche. 

Cue-tip;  cuoio. 

Cuff;      i.    paramano,    polsino. 

2.  pugno,    schiaffo,    pacca. 

3.  schiaffeggiare. 
Cuirass,  -ier ;  corazz-a,  -iere. 
Cuisine ;  cucina. 
Cul-de-sac;  vicolocieco,angi- 

porlo. 

Culinary  ;  id. 
Cull ;  scegliere,  cogliere. 
Culmina-te,  -tion ;  id. 
Culpability ;  colpabilita. 
Culpable;  colpevole. 
Culprit ;  reo,  offensore. 
Cult;  culto. 
Cultivate ;  coltivare. 
Culture ;  coltura. 
Culverin  ;  colubrina. 


Cumber ;  ingombrare,  imbaraz- 

zare. 
Cumbersome ;      ingombrante, 

incomodo,  sguaiato. 
Cumin ;  comino. 
Cumulative  ;  id. 
Cuneiform  ;  id. 
Cunning;    i.    scaltro,  accorto. 

2.  scaltrezza,  finezza. 
Cup;     i.    tazza,  coppa,   busso- 

lotto.  2.  calice.  3.  In 
one's  — s,  ubbriaco.  4.  attac- 
car le  ventose. 

Cup -and -ball;  bilboquet, 
giuoco  fatto  con  una  palla 
e  una  bacchetta  incavata  da 
un  capo  e  puntuta  dall'  altro. 

Cup-bearer;  coppiere. 

Cupboard ;  armadio,  credenza. 

Cupboard-love ;  amore  in- 
teressato. 

Cupel ;  coppella. 

Cupful ;  tazza  (piena). 

Cupidity  ;  id. 

Cupola;  id. 

Cupping-glass  ;  ventosa. 

Cur;  i.  canucciodirazzamista, 
botolo.  2.  screanzato,  vile, 
meschino,  animate. 

Cur-able,  -ability ;  id. 

Cura^oa  ;  curasso. 

Curacy ;  cura,  vicariato. 

Curate;  curato. 

Curative ;  id. 

Curator ;  id. 

Curb;   i.  freno.     2.  barbazzale. 

3.  giarda.     4.  orlo.     5.  fre- 
nare,  moderare. 

Curd ;  latte  rappreso.     Pressed 

— s,  giuncata. 
Curdle;    i.    cagliare.     i.   rap- 

pigliarsi. 
Cure;   i.  cura.     2.  guarigione. 

3.  guarire,  sanare,  rimediare. 

4.  salare,  marinare. 
Curer ;  salatore,  marinatore. 
Curfew ;  coprifuoco. 
Curia;  id. 

Curi-ous,  -osity;  id. 

Curl;  i.  riccio,  ricciolo.  i. 
curva,  piegatura.  3.  arric- 
ciare,  inanellare,  attorcigliare, 
intralciare,  avvolgersi ;  Have 
one's  hair  — ed,  farsi  arric- 
ciare  i  capelli.  4.  —  up, 
aggrovigliarsi. 

Curlew  ;  chiurlo,  occhione. 

Curling;  specie  di  bocce  sul 
ghiaccio  (gioco  invernale 
della  Scozia). 

Curling-iron ;  arricciatore. 

Curl-paper;  diavolino  (dei 
capelli). 

Curly  ;  riccioluto. 

Curmudgeon  ;  spilorcio. 

Currant ;  i.  uva  spina,  ribes  ; 
Black  — ,  ribes  nero  ;  Red 
— ,  ribes  rosso  ;  Glass  of  — 
syrup,  un  ribes.  2.  uva  di 
Corinto,  zibibbo,  uva  passa. 

Currant-bun;  focacciaconuve 
passe. 

Currant-tree ;  ribes. 

Currency ;  corso,  circolazione. 
Paper  — ,  carta  monetata. 

Current ;  corrente  (feminine). 
To  pass  — ,  aver  corso.  A 
report  is  — ,  si  dice. 

Currently ;  correntemente. 

Curricle ,  biroccio. 


Curriculum;  corso. 
Currier;  conciatore. 
Currish ;  ringhioso. 
Curry;  i.  riso  o  altro  all'  in- 

diana.    2.  strigliare.    3.  con- 

ciare.      4.    -—   favour   with, 

adulare,    cattivare    la    bene- 

volenza  di. 

Curry-comb;  striglia. 
Curry-powder;  sorta  di  spezie 

indiana  composta  in  polvere. 
Curse;  i.  maledizione,  impre- 

cazione.        2.      malia.        3. 

maledire,   esecrare,    bestem- 

miare. 

Cursive;  corsivo. 
Cursorily;    di  corsa,   di  volo, 

alia  lesta. 
Cursory;    frettoloso,   leggiero. 

To  give  a  —  reading  to,  dar 

una  scorsa  a. 
Curt;     corto,   reciso,   scortese, 

secco. 

Curtail ;  raccorciare. 
Curtain ;  i.  cortina,  tenda ; 

Draw    a    —    over,    tacere, 

stendere  un  velo  su.      2.  ri- 

paro.     3.  sipario. 
Curtain-band;       laccio      (di 

tenda). 
Curtain-rest ;     bracciuolo   (di 

tenda). 
Curtain-rod;    ferro  da  tenda, 

verga  da  tenda,  portatende. 
Curtly ;       seccamente,     aspra- 

mente. 

Curtsey;  riverenza. 
Curule;  id. 
Curvature ;  id. 
Curve;     i.    curva.       i.    incur- 

vare,  piegare. 
Curvet;    i.  corvetta,  capriola. 

2.  corvettare. 
Curvilinear;  curvilineo. 
Cushat;  palombo. 
Cushion;  i.  cuscino.cuscinetto. 

2.  mattonella.     3.  munire  di 
cuscini. 

Cusp;   i.  corno.     2.  cuspide. 

Custard;  crema  composta  con 
nova,  zucchero  ecc. 

Custodian ;  custode. 

Custody;  id.,  guardia,  pri- 
gione.  In  safe  — ,  in  luogo 
sicuro.  Take  into  — ,  ar- 
restare. 

Custom;  i.  costume,  costu- 
manza.uso,  usanza.abitudine, 
consuetudine.  2.  — s,  ga- 
bella  imposta,  dazio,  balzello ; 
Collector  of  — s,  ricevitore 
della  dogana.  3.  clientela. 

Customary ;  abituale,  comune, 
d'  uso,  usuale. 

Customer;  avventore,  pratica, 
cliente.  An  ugly  — ,  una 
bestia  d'  aspetto  formidable. 

Custom-house;  dogana. 

Customs ;  To  pass  through  the 
— ,  sdoganare.  —  officer, 
doganiere. 

Cut;  i.  taglio,  incisione,  tacca, 
sfregio.  2.  colpo,  ferita. 

3.  pezzo,  fetta.     4.   intaglio, 
incisione.      5.  specie,  sorta. 
6.  1"  alzare.     7.  frecciata. 

8.  tagliare.  9.  pungere. 
10.  sferzare.  n.  aprire 
(strada).  12.  trinciare.  13. 
pareggiare  (!'  ugna  ai  cavalli). 


XXX 


CUTANEOUS— DEAD    EYE 


14.  togliere  il  saluto  a,  non 
parlare  piu  a,  scansare, 
lasciare  la.  15.  alzare  (carte). 
16.  metier  (denti).  17.  — 
along,  andare,  filare,  scap- 
pare.  18.  —  and  run,  bat- 
tersela.  19.  —  down,  (a)  ab- 
battere,  (b)  ridurre  (spese). 
20.  —  off,  —  away,  tagliare, 
tor  via.  -21.  —  out,  (d)  tag- 
liare, (l>)  foggiare,  (<-)  se- 
parare,  (ii)  soppiantare. 
11.  —  short,  tagliar  corto. 


23.     —    up,    (a)    dissecare, 

(b)  frastagliare,  (c)  affliggere, 

abbattere. 

Cutaneous ;  cutaneo. 
Cuticle;  pellicola. 
Cutlass ;  coltellaccio. 
Cutler ;  coltellinaio. 
Cutlery;  coltelleria. 
Cutlet ;  costoletta,  braciola. 
Cutpurse ;  tagliaborse. 
Cutter;  i.  tagliatore.   2.  cotter, 

scialuppa. 
Cut-throat;  assassino,  brigante. 


Cutting ;  r.  taglio,  ritaglio. 
2.  incisione.  3.  barbatella, 
piantone  germoglio.  4.  sca- 
vo,  fossa.  5.  pungente, 
mordace.  6.  tagliente. 

Cuttle-fish ;  seppia. 

Cutty ;  pipa  corta. 

Cutwater  ;  tagliamare. 

Cyclamen;  ciclamino,  pan 
porcino. 

Cycle ;  ciclo,  corso. 

Cyclone  ;  ciclone. 

Cyclopean ;  ciclopico. 


Cyclorama ;  ciclorama. 
Cygnet ;  cigno  giovine. 
Cylinder;  cilindro. 
Cymbal ;  piatto,  cimbalo. 
Cymbal-player;  piattista. 
Cyme  ;  cimasa. 
Cynic  ;  cinico. 
Cynosure;     i.    cinosura.       2. 

punto  di  mira. 
Cypress ;  cipresso. 
Cyst ;  ciste. 
Cytisus  ;  cidso. 


D 


Dab;   i.   un  po'di  mota  o  altro. 

•2.     botta,     colpo     leggiero. 

3.      pianuzza     (pesce).        4. 

esperto,    pratico.       5.     pic- 

chiettare  ;  You  —  it  on  with 

a  sponge,  si  applica  picchiet- 

tamlo  con  una  spugna. 
Dabble;    i.    dimenare  mani  o 

piedi  nell'  acqua,  frugar  nell' 

acqua.    2.  affaccendarsi  come 

dilettante,  p.e.  nella  politica. 
Dabbler ;    guastamestiere,    ab- 

borraccione,     scombicchera- 

tore,  affarista,  imbroglione. 
Dabchick;  tuffetto. 
Dace  ;   specie  di  lasca,  Leucis- 

cus  vulgaris. 
Dachshund ;  bassotto. 
Dactyl ;  dattilo. 
Daddy ;  babbo. 
Daddy-longlegs ;  tipula. 
Dado;  id. 
Daffodil;  narciso. 
Daft ;  matto,  sciocco. 
Dagger;      i.     pugnale,    daga. 

2.  croce.     3.   At  — s  drawn, 

in  aperta  inimicizia. 
Daggle ;  imbrattare. 
Daguerreotype  ;        dagherro- 

tipia. 

Dahlia;  giorgina. 
Daily  ;  giornaliero. 
Daintily ;  delicatamente. 
Daintiness ;   delicatezza,   schi- 

filta. 
Dainty;    i.    delicate,   leccone. 

2.    difficile,    schifiltoso.       3. 

as  sb.,  leccornia. 
Dairy ;  latteria,  cascina. 
Dairy-maid ;  lattaia. 
Dairyman;  lattiere. 
Dais;     i.    impiantito    piii   alto 

del    pavimento,     palco.      2. 

baldacchino. 
Daisy  ;     margheritina,    prato- 

lina. 
Daisy-cutter ;     che    va    terra 

terra. 

Dale;  valle. 

Dalliance  ;  amoreggiamento. 
Dally;    j.  tardare,  perder  tem- 
po.    2.  amoreggiare. 
Dalmatic ;  dalmatica. 
Dam  ;    i.    diga,  barraggio.     2. 

madre.    3.  arginare,  chiudere 

con  diga. 
Damage;     i.    danno,  guasto. 

2.    male,   torto.      3.   avaria. 

4.  danneggiare,     guastare. 

5.  avariare. 


Damaging ;  compromettente, 
nocivo,  dannoso,  pregiudice- 
vole. 

Damask;  damasco. 

Damaskeen ;  damaschinare. 

Dame;  dama. 

Damn;  i.  dannare,  condan- 
nare  all'  inferno.  2.  fis- 
chiare. 

Damnable  ;  maledetto. 

Damnation ;  dannazione. 

Damnify ;  portar  danno  pro- 
cessabile  al  vicino,  danneg- 
giare. 

Damning;  fatale,  che  porta 
con  se  la  condanna. 

Damp;  i.  umido.  2.  inumi- 
dire.  3.  scoraggiare. 

Damper;  i.  registro,  paratoia. 
2.  guastafeste.  3.  sordino, 
smorzo.  4.  pane  senza  lie- 
vito. 

Dampish ;  umidiccio. 

Dampness;  umidita. 

Damsel;  zitella. 

Damson ;  pruna  di  Damasco. 

Dance;  i.  danza,  ballo.  2. 
ballare,  danzare.  — attend- 
ance, far  anticamera.  —  in, 
entrare  ballando. 

Dancer;  i.  ballerino.  2.  balla- 
tore. 

Dancing-master;  maestro  di 
hallo. 

Dancing-party;  festa  da  ballo, 
familiare. 

Dancing-room;  sala da  ballo. 

Dancing-shoe  ;  scarpa  da  bal- 
lo. 

Dandelion ;  dente  di  leone. 

Dandle;  dondolare,  accarezzare, 
ninnare. 

Dandruff;  forfora. 

Dandy;  elegante,  zerbino,  bel- 
limbusto. 

Dandyism  ;  eleganza  affettata. 

Dane ;  danese. 

Danewort ;  ebbio. 

Danger ;  rischio,  pericolo. 

Dangle;  i.  dondolare,  spenzo- 
lare.  i.  —  after,  fare  il 
cascamorto  dietro  a. 

Dangler;  vagheggino,  civet- 
tone. 

Dangles ;  ciondolini. 

Dank ;  umido. 

Dapper;  lesto,  mingherlino. 

Dappled;  leardo,  variopinto, 
chiazzato. 

Dare;   i.  osare.     2.   provocare, 


sfidare.     3.    I  —  say,  credo 

bene,  oso  dire. 
Dare-devil;  rompicollo. 
Daring  ;  ardito,  audace. 
Dark;     i.    oscuro,  buio,  fosco. 

2.  In  the  — ,  (a)  alle  tenebre, 
all'    oscuro,    (b)    alia    cieca. 

3.  segreto,     nascosto.       4. 
tristCjCUpo,  sinistro.   -,.  Grow 

•  — ,  oscurarsi ;  It  is  getting 
— ,  si  fa  scuro.  6.  —  lantern, 
lanterna  sorda.  7.  —  red, 
rosso  cupo.  8.  bruno,  oli- 
vastro. 

Darken ;  abbuiare,  oscurare, 
offuscare. 

Dark-eyed;  dagli  occhi  neri. 

Darkish ;  alquanto  buio. 

Darkness ;  oscurita,  buio. 

Darling;  caro,  diletto. 

Darn;  i.  rammendo,  passatura. 
2.  rammendare. 

Darnel;  loglio. 

Dart;  i.  dardo.  2.  lanciare, 
precipitarsi. 

Dartford  warbler ;  magnanina. 

Dash;  i.  impeto,  foga,  slancio ; 
At  one  — ,  ad  un  tratto  ;  — 
of  the  pen,  pennata  ;  To  cut 
a  — ,  fare  una  bella  figura, 
o  grande  effetto  in  societa. 

2.  tantino.     3.  lineetta,  stan- 
ghetta.     4.  lanciare,  gettare. 
5.      precipitarsi,     uscire     di 
slancio.  6.  rifrangersi.    7.  — 
off,      abbozzare,     schizzare. 
8.    —    to    pieces,    spezzare, 
schiantare. 

Dashing;    focoso,   ardito,  bril- 

lante. 

Dastard ;  codardo,  vigliacco. 
Data;  dati. 
Date;     i.     data.      2.    dattero. 

3.  Out  of  — ,  non  piu  valido. 

4.  datare.     5.  Short  — d,   a 
breve  scadenza. 

Date-palm;  dattero. 

Dative;  id. 

Datum  ;  dato. 

Daub;     i.     scarabocchio,    im- 

piastramento,  pitturaccia.    2. 

scarabocchiare,      imbrattare, 

intonacare,  impiastrare. 
Dauber ;  imbratta-tele. 
Daughter;  figlia. 
Daughter-in-law;  nuora. 
Daunt ;    intimidare,  abbattere, 

domare. 
Dauntless;     indomabile,     im- 

pavido. 


Dauphin ;  delfino. 

Davenport ;  segretario. 

Davit ;  grua. 

Daw;  gracchia,  cornacchia. 

Dawdle ;  girandolare,  indu- 
giare. 

Dawdler ;  girandolone,  perdi- 
giorno. 

Dawn;    i.  alba.     2.  spuntare. 

Day;  i.  giorno,  giornata, 
epoca.  2.  giornaliere.  3. 
This  —  week,  oggi  a  otto ; 
This  —  month,  oggi  a  un 
mese ;  This  —  fortnight,  oggi 
a  quindici.  4.  Next  — , 
1'  indomani.  5.  —  by  — , 
ogni  giorno  ;  —  after  — , 
ogni  giorno  che  Dio  manda 
in  terra.  6.  —  after  to- 
morrow, dopodomani  ;  — 
before  yesterday,  avantieri. 
7.  Every  other  — ,  ogni  altro 
giorno.  8.  From  —  to  — , 
di  giorno  in  giorno.  9.  From 
this  — ,  d'  ora  innanzi. 
10.  In  the  — s  of  old,  anti- 
camente.  n.  To  this  — , 
fino  al  giorno  d'  oggi. 

12.  In  his  — s,  a  suo  tempo. 

13.  Gain  the  — ,  vincere  la 
battaglia. 

Day-boarder ;  mezzo  convitto. 

Day-book ;  libro  giornale. 

Day-break  ;  spuntare  del  gior- 
no. 

Day-dream ;  vaneggiamento, 
sogno  di  giovno. 

Day-labourer ;  giornaliero. 

Daylight ;  giorno  chiaro. 

Day  lily ;  emerocalle. 

Day  scholar  ;  scolare  esterno. 

Daze;  i.  abbagliare.  2.  — d, 
impazzito. 

Dazzle  ;  abbagliare. 

Deacon;  diacono. 

Dead;  i.  morto.  2.  cupo 
(sonno).  3.  — drunk,  briaco 
marcio.  4.  matto  (colore). 
5.  In  the  —  of  night,  nel 
silenzio  della  notte  ;  In  the 
—  of  winter,  nel  fitto  del- 
1'  inverno.  6.  as  adv.  it 
may  be  translated  by  a  super- 
lative :  —  straight,  direttis- 
simo ;  —  close,  vicinissi- 
mo. 

Dead-beat ;  spossato  affatto. 

Dead  centre  ;  punto  morto. 

Deaden  ;  attutire,  ammorzare. 

Dead  eye ;  bigotta. 


DEAD-HEAD—DEFLOWER 


XXXI 


Dead-head;  possessore  di  un 

biglietto  gratuito. 
Dead-heat ;     corsa    indecisa, 

corsa  nulla. 
Dead  hedge ;   siepe  di  piante 

secche. 

Dead-house ;  mortuario. 
Dead  language  ;  lingua  morta. 
Dead   level ;    pianura.      On   a 
,  al  pari  perfetto.    From 

Petersburg  to  Moscow  it   is 

a   —   —    all    the   way,    da 

Pietroburgo  a  Mosca  la  strada 

e  tutta  in  pianura. 
Deadliness;   i.  natura  mortale, 

accanimento.  i.  accuratezza. 
Deadlock ;      situazione     senza 

uscita. 
Dead    loss ;    perdita  comple- 

ta. 
Deadly ;    mortale,    fatale,    im- 

placabile,  mortifero,accanito, 

a  morte,  senza  fallo. 
Dead  march ;  marcia  funebre. 
Deadness ;  scipitezza,  torpore, 

apatia. 

Dead-nettle;  lamio. 
Dead    reckoning;    via   stima- 

ta. 

Dead  sea  ;  Mare  inorto. 
Dead  season  ;  stagione  morta. 
Dead  set ;  attacco  insistente. 
Dead   shot ;    tiratore  sicurissi- 

mo. 
Dead  stand ;    fermata  davanti 

ad     un     ostacolo     insupera- 

bile. 

Dead  wall;  muro  cieco. 
Dead  water ;  acqua  stagnante. 
Dead  weight;  peso  morto. 
Dead  work  ;  scavi  per  facilitare 

1'  estrazione  del  minerale. 
Deaf;   sordo.      —  and  dumb, 

sordomuto.     Turn  a  —  ear, 

far  il  sordo. 
Deafen ;  assordare. 
Deafness;  sordita. 
Deal;    i.    quantita.     2.    abete. 

3.  turno.      4.  il  dare  ;  It  is 

your  — ,  tocca  a  voi  a  dare 

le    carte.       5.    A  great  — , 

molto,  assai.   6.  affare,  parti- 

to,  patto. 

7.   dare.     8.  vibrare,  me- 

nare     (colpo).        9.  •  agirc, 

comportarsi.      10.  —  at,  ser- 

virsi,  fornirsidal.     n.  — in, 

fare  il  comercio  di.      12.  — 

out,      distribuire,     ripartire. 

13.  — with,  trattare,  maneg- 

giare.      14.    To  have  to  — 

with,  aver  da  fare  con. 
Dealer;     i.    negoziante,    mer- 

cante.     2.   chi  da  le  carte. 
Dealings;    condotta,  modo  di 

procedere. 
Dean ;  decano. 
Dear;  i.  caro.    2.  costoso,  caro. 

3.  —  me  !    Dio  mio  ! 
Dearly;      i.     caramente.       2. 

teneramente. 
Dearness;  carezza. 
Dearth;  i.  mancanza.    2.  care- 

stia,  scarsezza. 
Deary ;  diletto,  caro. 
Death ;  morte. 
Death-blow;  colpo  mortale. 
Deathless ;  immortale. 
Deathlike ;  cadaverico. 
Death  rattle ;  rantolo. 


Death  struggles ;  agonia. 
Death-watch ;     oriuolo     della 

morte  (specie  di  anobio). 
Death-wound ;  ferita  mortale. 
Debar ;    escludere,  vietare,   in- 

terdire,  privare. 
Debase ;     i.    avvilire.      2.    al- 

terare,  falsificare. 
Debatable ;  contestabile. 
Debate;    i.    dibattimento,  dis- 

puta,  discussione.     i.  dibat- 

tere,  discutere. 
Debater ;  oratore  pronto. 
Debating     society;      societa 

oratoria. 
Debauch;    i.  gozzoviglia.     2. 

corrompere.      3.    — ed,   de- 

bosciato. 
Debauchee ;  ubbriacone,  scostu- 

mato,  discolo,  dissoluto. 
Debaucher;  corruttore. 
Debauchery;  dissolutezza,  cra- 

pula. 

Debenture  ;  obbligazione. 
Debenture  holder ;    portatore 

di  obbligazioni. 
Debenture-stock ;  fondo  assi- 

curato  per  via  ipotecaria. 
Debenture-stockholder;  pro- 

prietario  di  una  parte  d    un 

fondo  ipotecario. 
Debilit-ate,  -y;  id. 
Debit;    i.   debito.     2.  addebi- 

tare. 

Debonair;  bonario. 
Debouch  ;  sboccare. 
Debt ;  debito.  Get  into  — , 

contrarre  debiti.     Get  out  of 

— ,  sdebitarsi. 
Debtor;  debitore. 
Debut ;  1'  esordire,  debutto. 
Debutante ;  esordiente. 
Decade;  decade. 
Decaden-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Decagon ;  id. 
Decalogue;  decalogo. 
Decamp;  svignarsela. 
Decant ;  travasare. 
Decanter;   caraffa. 
Decapit-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Decay;     i.    sfacelo.       2.    de- 

cadimento,  deperimento.     3. 

corrompersi,    guastarsi,    de- 

comporre,    cariarsi    (dente), 

marcire,      imputridire.        4. 

decadere,  deperire.     5.  crol- 

lare,  rovinarsi,  sciuparsi. 
Decease ;  decesso. 
Deceased;  defunto. 
Deceit ;  inganno,  frode. 
Deceitful ;     ingannevole,    per- 

fido,  menzognero,  fallace. 
Deceitfulness;    falsita,   dupli- 

cita,  inganno. 
Deceivable ;  ingannabile. 
Deceive ;     ingannare,    mettere 

in  mezzo,  truffare,  giuntare. 
Deceiver ;  ingannatore. 
December ;  dicembre. 
Decemvir,  -ate ;  id. 
Decency;    decenza,    le   buone 

creanze. 
Decent ;  id. 
Deception  ;  inganno. 
Deceptive ;  illusorio,  inganne- 
vole, fallace. 
Decide  ;  id. 

Decider;  decisore,  arbitro. 
Deci-gramme,  -litre ;  id. 
Decim-al,  -ate;  id.  —point, 


punto  decimale,  or,  if  ex- 
pressed by  a  comma,  virgola 
decimale. 

Decipher;  decifrare. 

Decis-ion,  -ive;  id. 

Deck;  i.  ponte.  2.  rivestire, 
ornare. 

Declaim;  declamare. 

Declam-ation,  -atory ;  id. 

Declaration ;  dichiarazione. 

Declaratory;  dichiarativo. 

Declare ;  dichiarare,  annunziare. 
I  —  !  questa  poi  !  ci  man- 
cherebbe  anche  questa  ! 

Declension ;  cleclinazione. 

Declinable ;  id. 

Declination;  \.  decadimento. 
2.  (astron.)  declinazione. 

Decline;  i.  scesa,  declivio. 
2.  decadimento,  decadenza, 
il  cadere.  3.  abbasso.  4. 
marasmo,  consunzione. 

5.  inclinarsi.  6.  abbas- 
sarsi.  7.  rifiutare,  schivare. 
8.  declinare. 

Declining;  declinante.  In  his 
— years,  sul  pendio  della  vita. 

Declivity  ;  declivio. 

Decoction ;  decotto. 

Decollation;  id. 

Decompose;   i.  v.  Decay  (3). 

2.  sciogliere,  decomporre. 
Decomposition ;  id. 
Decor-ate,     -ation,     -ative, 

-ator;  id.     . 
Decorous ;  id.,  dccente. 
Decorticate ;  scortecciare. 
Decorum ;      decoro,    conveni- 

enze. 
Decoy;    i.    allettamento,  zim- 

bello.     2.   tesa  per  le  anatre. 

3.  allettare,    adescare,    se- 
durre. 

Decoy-bird ;  allettaiolo. 
Decoy-duck  ;     anatra  di  zim- 

bello. 
Decrease;    i.    decrescimento, 

scemamento.     2.  diminuire. 
Decreasing;  decrescente. 
Decreasingly ;      di     meno    in 

meno. 
Decree ;  i.  decreto.     2.  decre- 

tare. 

Decrement ;  decrescimento. 
Decrepit,    -ude ;     decrepit-o, 

-ezza. 

Decretal ;  id. 
Decry ;      avvilire,      screditare, 

parlare  contro,  denigrare. 
Dedicate  ;  dedicare. 
Dedication;  dedica. 
Dedicatory;  id. 
Deduce  ;  dedurre. 
Deducible;  id. 
Deduct ;  sottrarre,  dedurre. 
Deduction ;       i.     deduzione. 

2.  defalco. 

Deductive ;  deduttivo. 
Deed ;    i.  fatto,  gesta,  azione. 

2.  atto.      3.     In   very   — , 
davvero. 

Deem  ;  stimare,  giudicare. 
Deep;    i.  profondo.     2.  cupo. 

3.  impenetrabile,  astuto,  fino. 

4.  largo  (tesa  di   cappello). 

5.  To  be  ten  feet  — ,  aver 
dieci     piedi    di    profondita. 

6.  alto  (mare,  sonno).     7. — 
blue,  turchino  scuro.     8.  — 
mourning,  lutto  grave. 


Deepen;    i.  approfondire.     2. 

render  piu  cupo  o  carico.     3. 

aumentare. 
Deeply;  profondamente,  seria- 

mente. 

Deepness;  scaltrezza. 
Deep-rooted ;    profondamente 

radicato. 

Deer ;  daino.     Red  — ,  cervo. 
Deer-hound ;  cane  segugio. 
Deer-hunt ;  caccia  di  daini. 
Deer-park;  recinto  da  daini. 
Deer-skin  ;  pelle  di  daino. 
Deer-stalker;      cacciatore     di 

daini  all1  agguato. 
Deface;      sfigurare,     guastare, 

scancellare. 
Defalcate ;       truffare,     appro- 

priarsi  indebitamente. 
Defalcation ;      appropriazione 

indebita,     truffa,     malversa- 

zione. 

Defame;  diffamare. 
Default;   i.  difetto,  mancanza. 

2.  contumacia. 
Defaulter;  i.  reodi  sottrazione 

o  di  malversazione  di  fondi. 

•2.      debitore     moroso,     chi 

manca  al  dovere. 
Defaulting;  contumace. 
Defeasance  ;  annullazione. 
Defeat ;      i.     sconfitta,     rotta. 

2.    sconfiggere,   vincere.     3. 

sventare,  frustrare. 
Defec-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Defect;  difetto,  vizio. 
Defection;  defezione. 
Defective;  difettoso. 
Defectiveness ;  difettosita. 
Defence  ;  difesa. 
Defenceless ;  indifeso. 
Defencelessness;    stato  indi- 
feso. 

Defend ;  difendere. 
Defendant ;  convenuto. 
Defender;  difensore. 
Defensible  ;  difendibile. 
Defensive ;  id. 
Defer;    i.    deferire.       2.    dif- 

ferire. 

Deferen-ce,  -t;  id. 
Deferential;  deferente,  rispet- 

toso. 
Defiance;  sfida.     In  —  of,   a 

dispetto  di,  ad  onta  di. 
Defiant ;     ardito,     provocante. 

— •  air,  aria  di  snda. 
Deficiency ;  difetto,  mancanza, 

deficienza. 
Deficient;    i.  deficiente,  man- 

cante  ;  To  be  — ,  mancare  a. 

2.   mentecatto. 
Deficit;  id. 
Defier;  sfidatore. 
Defile;    i.  gola,  passo  stretto, 

stretta.     2.  lordare,  imbrat- 

tare,  insudiciare.     3.  sfilare. 
Defilement ;  imbrattatura. 
Defiler ;    imbrattatore,   corrut- 
tore. 

Definable;  definibile. 
Define;   i.  definire.     2.  deter- 

minare. 
Definite ;  id. 

Definiteness ;     carattere  defi- 
nite. 

Defin-ition,  -itive ;  id. 
Deflagrate ;  id. 
Deflect ;  deviare,  sviare. 
Deflower;  deflorare. 


XXX11 


DEFORM— DESPAIR 


Deform ;  deformare. 

Deformed;  deforme. 

Deformity;  id. 

Defraud;  defraudare,  truffare. 

Defray  ;  spesare,  far  le  spese. 

Deft ;  lesto,  abile,  destro. 

Defunct ;  defunto,  fu. 

Defy;  sfidare. 

Degeneracy ;  degenerazione, 
tralignamento. 

Degenerate;  id.,  tralignare. 

Deglutition ;  id. 

Degrade ;  degradare. 

Degree ;  grade,  stato,  condi- 
zione.  By  — s,  gradata- 
mente,  mano  a  mano.  In 
some  — ,  fino  ad  un  certo 
punto.  To  a  great  — ,  molto. 

Dehiscence ;  deiscenza. 

Deify ;  deificare. 

Deign;  degnarsi. 

De-ism,  -ist ;  id. 

Dejecta;  dejezione. 

Dejected ;  afflitto,  abbattuto, 
scoraggiato. 

Dejectedly ;  con  aria  abbat- 
tuta. 

Delay;  i.  indugio,  ritardo. 
2.  indugiare,  ritardare,  tar- 
dare,  differire. 

Delectable  ;  dilettevole. 

Deleg-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Deleterious ;  deleterio,  nocivo. 

Delft ;  maiolica  di  Delft. 

Deliber-ate,  -ation,  -ative ; 
id. 

Deliberately;  i.  deliberata- 
mente.  2.  apposta. 

Delicacy;  i.  delicatezza.  2. 
leccornia. 

Delicate ;  delicate,  squisito, 
gentile,  molle. 

Delicious;  delizioso,  squisito. 

Deliciousness ;  squisitezza,  de- 
lizia,  piacere. 

Delight;  i.  delizia,  piacere, 
contentezza.  2.  divertirsi, 
dilettarsi.  3.  invaghire,  pia- 
cere. 

Delighted ;  felicissimo,  molto 
contenlo,  arcicontento. 

Delightful ;  molto  piacevole, 
gratissimo,  incantevole. 

Dehne-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Delinquen-cy,  -t ;  id. 

Deliquesce  ;  deliquidare. 

Deliquescence ;  id. 

Delirious  ;  delirante.  To  be 
— ,  delirare. 

Delirium ;  delirio. 

Deliver;  i.  liberare.  2.  con- 
segnare,  rimettere.  3.  dare 
(schiaffo).  4.  pronunziare, 
liberarsi  di.  5.  assistere  nel 
parto;  To  be  — ed,  sgra- 
varsi,  partorire.  6.  —  over, 
trasmettere,  abbandonare. 

Deliverable  ;  consegnabile,  da 
consegnarsi. 

Deliverance;  i.  liberazione. 
.2.  discorso. 

Delivery;  i.  liberazione.  2. 
rimessa.  3.  distribuzione  (di 
lettere).  4.  dizione,  modo 
di  parlare.  5.  lo  sgravarsi. 
6.  To  take  — ,  prendere  la 
consegna. 

Dell;  Valletta. 

Delta;  id. 

Delude;  ingannare,  deludere. 


Deluge;    i.  diluvio.     2.   inon- 

dare. 

Delus-ion,  -ive ;  id. 
Delusiveness;    indole  ingan- 

nevole. 

Delve ;  zappare,  frugare. 
Demagnetise  ;  smagnetizzare. 
Demagogue;  demagogo. 
Demand;     i.     domanda;    On 

— ,     a     presentazione.        2. 

richiesta  ;  In  great  — ,  molto 

richiesto.     3.  richiedere,  esi- 

gere.     4.  domandare. 
Demarcation;  id. 
Demean  oneself;  comportarsi. 
Demeanour ;  contegno,  porta- 
mento. 

Demerit ;  id. 
Demesne;  demanio. 
Demi-;  semi-,  mezzo,  mi-. 
Demigod ;  semidio. 
Demijohn  ;  damigiana. 
Demimonde;  mondo equivoco. 
Demiquaver ;  semicroma. 
Demirelief ;  mezzo  rilievo. 
Demirep;     donna     di    onesta 

dubbia. 
Demise;    i.   decesso  (del  re). 

2.   trasferire.     3.    lasciare  in 

testamento. 
Demisemiquaver ;       semibis- 

croma. 

Demission  ;  dimissione. 
Democracy;  democrazia. 
Democrat,  -ic  ;  democratico. 
Demolish  ;  demolire. 
Demon ;  demonio. 
Demonetisation ;     smonetag- 

gio. 

Demonetise ;  smonetare. 
Demoniac ;  id. 
Demonstrate ;  dimostrare. 
Demoralise ;  id. 
Demulcent ;  emolliente. 
Demur;    i.    esitare,   dubitare. 

2.    —   to,    opporsi    a,   con- 

testare,  contrastare. 
Demure ;  modestino,  riservato, 

ritroso,  serio.     To  look  very 

— ,  far  la  gattamorta. 
Demureness ;     modestia    esa- 

gerata. 
Demurrage ;       compenso    per 

controstallie,  diritto  di  sosta, 

magazzinaggio. 
Demurrer ;      eccezione      per- 

entoria. 
Demy ;  formato  di  carta  circa 

9  centimetri  x  7. 
Den;   i.  tana,  ricovero,  antro. 

2.    gabbia. 

Deniable  ;  negabile. 
Denial ;     r.    diniego,    rinnega- 

zione.     2.  rinuto. 
Denier ;  chi  nega. 
Denizen ;  cittadino,  abitante. 
Denominate  ;  chiamare,  nomi- 

nare. 

Denomin-ation,  -ative;  id. 
Denote;    id.,  significare,  indi- 

care. 

Denouement ;  scioglimento. 
Denounce ;  denunziare. 
Dense;    denso,    spesso,    fitto, 

folto. 
Dent ;    i.  tacca,  dente.     2.   in- 

taccare,  incavare. 
Dental;  id. 
Dentifrice  ;  dentifricio. 
Dentist ;  dentista. 


Dentistry ;  odontotecnia,  arte 

del  dentista. 
Dentition ;  iJ. 
Denture;  dentatura. 
Denude ;  denudare. 
Denunciation ;  denunzia. 
Deny;    negare,    smentire.      — 
oneself,  rinunciare  a  sestesso, 
rifiutarsi,  rinnegarsi.    —  one- 
self to   visitors,  far   dire   di 
non  essere  in  casa. 
Deodara;         cedro       deodara 

de'  monti  Imalaia. 
Deodorise ;  deodorare. 
Depart ;       partire,    andarsene, 

scostarsi. 

Departed  ;  trapassati. 
Department;   i.  dipartimento. 
2.  riparto,  ufficio,  competen- 
za. 

Departure;  partenza. 
Depasture ;  pasturare. 
Depauperise  ;  id. 
Depend;    i.  dipendere.     2.  fi- 

darsi,  far  assegnamento,  con- 
tare. 

Dependable ;  fido. 
Dependen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Depict ;  dipingere. 
Depilate  ;  epilare. 
Deplorable  ;  deplorevole. 
Deplore ;  deplorare. 
Deploy ;      spiegare,     stendere, 

sviluppare. 
Depolarise ;  id. 
Depone ;  deporre. 
Deponent;    i.    id.     2.    testi- 

monio. 

Depopulate ;  spopolare. 
Deport ;  deportare. 
Deportment ;  contegno,  porta- 
mento. 
Depose;    i.    detronizzare.     2. 

testificare. 
Deposit;    i.  deposito.     2.   de- 

positare. 

Depositary;  id. 
Deposition  ;    i.  id.      2.  testi- 

monianza. 
Depositor  ;  depositante.      — 's 

book,  libretto  della  cassa  di 

risparmio. 

Depository;  deposito. 
Depot ;   i.  deposito.     2.   (Stati 

Uniti)  stazione  ferroviaria. 
Deprave  ;  depravare. 
Depravity ;  depravazione. 
Deprec-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Depreciate;      i.     dispregiare, 

disprezzare,    abbassare,    de- 

prezzare.     2.  perder  valore. 
Depreciation ;     abbassamento 

di    prezzo,     deprezzamento, 

perdita  di  valore. 
Depredation;  id.,  saccheggio. 
Depress;    i.   abbassare,  depri- 

mere.      2.     fare   scomparire, 

scoraggiare. 
Depression ;     id.,    scoraggia- 

mento,  abbattimento. 
Deprivation;      i.    privazione. 

2.  (eccl.)  revoca. 
Deprive;   i .  spogliare,  privare. 

2.  (eccl. )  revocare. 
Depth;    i.   profondita,  altezza, 

fondo,  abisso.     2.  caduta  (di 

vela).         3.     —   of   winter, 

cuore     dell'     inverno.        4. 

vigore  (di  colore). 
Depurate ;  id. 


Deput-e,     -ation;     deleg-are, 

-azione. 
Deputy;  i.  deputato,  delegato. 

2.    supplente,   aggiunto,   so- 

stituto.     3.   (in  composition) 

vice-,  sotto-.     4.   By  — ,  per 

procura. 
Derail ;  deviare.     To  be  — ed, 

uscir  dalle  rotaie. 
Derange;        i.       sconcertare, 

scompigliare,        scomodare. 

2.  — d,  demente,  pazzo. 
Derelict ;  abbandonato. 
Dereliction    of   duty;   negli- 

genza  del  dovere. 

Deride  ;  id. ,  farsi  beffe  di. 

Derider;  derisore,  beffatore. 

Deris-ion,  -ive ;  id. 

Deriv-able,  -ation ;  id. 

Derivative ;  derivato. 

Derive  ;  derivare,  cavare,  otte- 
nere,  raccogliere. 

Derog-ate,  -atory;  id. 

Derrick ;  gru,  albero  di  carico. 

Dervish  ;  dervis. 

Descant ;  discorrere,  corn- 
men  tare. 

Descend;  i.  scendere.  2. 
trarre  origine,  discendere. 

3.  abbassarsi. 
Descendants;  poster!. 
Descent;     i.     scesa,    pendio. 

2.     nascita,    lignaggio.       3. 

scorreria. 

Describe ;  descrivere. 
Descrip-tion,  -live;  id. 
Descry ;  scoprire,  accorgersi. 
Desecrate;  profanare. 
Desert;    i.  deserto.     2.  diser- 

tare. 
Desertion;       i.      abbandono. 

2.    diserzione. 
Deserve ;  meritare. 
Deservedly;  merilatamente. 
Deserving;    meritevole,  bene- 

merito. 
Deshabille ;    vestito   da  casa, 

abito  di  camera. 
Desiccate;  disseccare. 
Desiderate ;  desiderare. 
Desideratum;  cosa desiderata, 

lacuna. 
Design;     i.     disegno,    piano. 

2.  disegno,   intento,  scopo. 

3.  Tdisegnare.      4.    proporsi, 
divisare. 

Designate;    i.   designato.     2. 

destinare. 
Designing;    intrigante,  malin- 

tenzionato. 
Desirable;       id.,       piacevole, 

vantaggioso. 
Desire ;     t.    desiderio,   voglia, 

brama.       2.    domanda  ;    At 

his  — ,  dietro  sua  domanda. 

3.    desiderare,   aver  volere, 

bramare.      4.    pregare.      5. 

anelare,  ardere,  essere,  sma- 

nioso. 
Desirous ;     desiderosa,    vago, 

bramoso,  avido,  smanioso. 
Desist ;  id. 

Desistance ;  desistenza. 
Desk ;   leggio,   scrittoio,  catte- 

dra. 
Desolate;     i.     desolato.       2. 

desolare,  devastare. 
Despair;    i.    disperazione ;   In 

— ,     disperato.      2.     dispe- 


DESPAIRINGLY— DIMLY 


XXX1I1 


Despairingly ;  disperatamente. 
Despatch;   i.   invio,  dispaccio. 

2.    disbrigo.      3.   speditezza, 

prontezza,   premura.     4.  in- 

viare,     spedire.      5.    disbri- 

gare. 
Desperado;  forsennalo.dispera- 

to,  arrabbiato,  bravaccione. 
Desperate;   i.  disperato,  senza 

speranza.     i.  funesto,  terri- 

bile.     3.  accanito,  furioso. 
Desperately ;  disperatamente. 
Desperation;   i.  disperazione. 

i.  accanimento,  furore. 
Despicable ;    sprezzabile,  bas- 
so. 

Despisable ;  spregevole. 
Despise ;   sprezzare,  sdegnare, 

trascurare,  non  temere. 
Despite ;  malgrado,  a  dispetto 

di. 

Despoil ;  spogliare. 
Despond ;     disperare,    scorag- 

giarsi,  lasciarsi  abbattere. 
Despondency ;    scoraggiamen- 

to,  abbattimento. 
Despondent ;   scoraggiato,  ab- 

battuto. 

Despot ;  despola. 
Despotic ;  dispotico. 
Despotism ;  dispotismo. 
Desquamation ;  id. 
Dessert ;  frutta. 
Dessert-apple  ;  mela  da  tavo- 

la,  da  mangiarsi  cruda. 
Dessert-knife ;      coltello    da 

frutta. 
Dessert-service;    servizio  da 

frutta. 
Dessert-spoon ;   cucchiaio  da 

dolce. 
Dessert-spoon  and  fork;  po- 

sata  da  frutta. 

Dessert  wine ;  vino  scelto. 
Destin-ation,  -e ;  id. 
Destiny;  destine,  sorte,  fato. 
Destitute;     i.     privo,    sprov- 

veduto.     2.  indigente,  senza 

mezzi. 

Destitution ;  miseria. 
Destroy ;  distruggere. 
Destroyer ;  distruttore. 
Destructible ;  distruttibile. 
Destruction  ;  distruzione. 
Destructive ;    distruttivo,   no- 

civo. 

Desuetude ;  dissuetudine. 
Desultorily ;      a    salti,    senza 

metodo. 
Desultoriness ;    mancanza    di 

metodo,  sconnessione. 
Desultory ;  sconnesso. 
Detach ;  staccare. 
Detachment;   i.  staccamento. 

1.  divisione.       3.    distacca- 
mento. 

Detail;  i.  dettaglio,  partico- 
larita,  ragguaglio.  2.  parti- 
coleggiare,  raccontare  punto 
per  punto.  3.  distaccare. 

Detain  ;  trattenere,  ditenere, 
custodire,  ritenere,  rilardare, 
arrestare. 

Detec-t,  -tion;  scop-rire,  -erta. 

Detective;  agente  segreto  di 
polizia. 

Detector ;  scopritore. 

Detent ;  scattino. 

Detention;    i.    id.,   prigionia. 

2.  ritardo. 

H. 


Deter;  scoraggiare,  dissuadere, 

prevenire. 

Detergent ;  detersive. 
Deterior-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Determin-able,    -ant,     -ate, 

-ation ;    id. 
Determine  ;    i .    risolvere,  de- 

cidersi,   deliberare.      2.  de- 

cidere.       3.     metier   fine  a, 

sciogliere,  terrainare. 
Determined;  accanito. 
Deterrent;  che  trattiene  dal 

delitto  per  paura. 
Detersive ;  id. 
Detest-able,    -ably,    -ation ; 

id. 

Dethrone  ;  detronizzare. 
Dethronement ;       detronizza- 

zione. 

Detonate;  scoppiare. 
Detonating;  fulminante. 
Detonation;  detonazione, scop- 

pio. 
Detract ;      detrarre,     togliere, 

derogare  a. 

Detraction  ;  calunnia. 
Detractor ;  calunniatore. 
Detrain ;  sbarcare. 
Detriment ;  id. 
Detrimental;  pregiudizievole. 
Detritus;  detrito. 
Deuce;     i.    diamine,   diavolo. 

1.  double  — s,  doppio  due. 
Deuced;  diabolicamente. 
Deuteronomy;  Ueuteronomio. 
Devast-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Develop ;  sviluppare. 
Development;  sviluppo. 
Devi-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Device;    i.    spediente,  mezzo. 

2.  divisa,    emblema,    stem- 
ma. 

Devil;  i.  diavolo.  2.  printer's 
— ,  apprendista.  3.  To  play 
the — with,  mandare  all'  aria, 
metier  sotto  sopra.  4.  fare 
un  arroslo  con  pepe  e  spezie. 

Devil-fish ;  boldro. 

Devilish ;  diabolico. 

Devil-may-care ;  noncurante. 
—  —  —  look,  aria  di  me 
n'  infischio. 

Devilment,  Devilry ;  dia- 
voleria. 

Devil's  coach-horse;  diavo- 
lone  (specie  di  grillo). 

Devil's  snuff-box  ;  vescia  di 
lupo. 

Devil's  tattoo ;  il  lamburare 
sulla  tavola  colle  dita. 

Devious ;  devialo,  errante, 
tortuoso. 

Devisable;  i.  immaginabile. 
2.  legabile. 

Devise;      i.     legato,     lascito. 

2.  immaginare,    inventare. 

3.  legare. 

Devisee ;  legatario. 
Deviser ;  inventore,  autore. 
Devoid ;   privo,   vuoto,   sprov- 

vislo. 

Devolution;  id. 
Devolve;     i.     devolvere.      2. 

spettare. 
Devote ;  dedicare,  dare,  consa- 

crare. 
Devoted;    i.    devoto.     2.    de- 

dilo. 
Devotedly ;  senza  limit?,  som- 

mamente,  con  divozione. 


Devotee  ;  divoto,  bigollo.     — 

of,  addetto  a. 
Devotion  ;  divozione,  premura. 

— s,  preghiere. 
Devotional ;  pio. 
Devour;  divorare. 
Devouring;  vorace. 
Devout ;  divoto,  pio. 
Devoutly ;  sinceramente. 
Devoutness;  pieta,  divozione. 
Dew ;  rugiada. 
Dewberry ;  specie  di  mora. 
Dewclaw;  sprone. 
Dewdrop ;  goccia  di  rugiada. 
Dewlap ;  giogaia. 
Dew-point ;  punto  di  rugiada, 

temperatura      del     congela- 

mento  dei  vapori  terrestri  in 

rugiada. 

Dewy ;  rugiadoso. 
Dexterity ;     deslrezza,    abilita, 

accortezza. 
Dexterous ;    destro,  abile,   ac- 

corto. 
Dey;  dei. 
Diabetes;  diabete. 
Diabolical ;  diabolico. 
Diachylon ;  diachilon. 
Diaconal ;  id. 
Diadem ;  diadema. 
Diaeresis;  dierisi. 
Diagnos-is,  -tic;  id. 
Diagonal;  id. 
Diagram  ;  diagramma. 
Dial;   i.  meridiana.    2.  mostra. 
Dialect ;  dialetto. 
Dial-plate  ;  mostra. 
Diameter;  diametro. 
Diametrical ;  diametrale. 
Diamond;     i.    diamante.      2. 

quadri.     3.  rombo. 
Diapason;  id. 
Diaper;   i.  pezza  (di  bambino). 

2.  biancheria     damascata. 

3.  damascare. 
Diaphanous ;  diafano. 
Diaphoretic;  diaforetico. 
Diaphragm  ;  diaframma. 
Diarist ;  diarista. 
Diarrhoea ;  diarrea. 
Diary;  diario. 
Diathesis ;  diatesi. 
Diatribe ;  diatriba. 
Dib,  dibstone ;  aliosso. 
Dibble ;  piolo. 
Dice-box;  bossolo  da  dadi. 
Dicer ;  giuocatore  di  dadi. 
Dickens;  diamine. 
Dickey,   Dicky;    i.     sedia   di 

dietro  d'  una  carrozza.      2. 

camiciola.    3.  uccelletto.    4. 

grembiule  di  cuoio.     5.  mal 

agiato,  poco  stabile. 
Dictate;     i.    dettame,    ispira- 

zione.     — s,  dettati,  precetti, 

regole.     2.  dettare. 
Dictation ;  dettatura. 
Dictator ;  dittatore. 
Dictatorship  ;  dittatura. 
Diction;  dizione. 
Dictionary;  dizionario. 
Dictum  ;  detto,  proverbio. 
Didactic ;  didattico. 
Diddle  ;  rubare,  scroccare.     — 

out  of,  carpire,  bollare. 
Die;    i.    dado.      2.  conio.     3. 

morire.     4.  —  away,  morire, 

estinguersi,       abbonacciarsi. 

5.  —  off,  out,  sparire,  cadere 

nell'  obli j,  spegnersi. 


Diet;      i.      vitto,    nutrimento. 

2.  regime,  dieta.     3.  assem- 

blea,    dieta.       4.     metier   a 

dieta ;  —  oneself,  seguire  un 

regime. 

Dietary ;  regime,  dieta. 
Dietetic ;  id. 
Differ ;  differire,  esser  diverso, 

non  esser  d'  accordo. 
Difference;    i.   differenza,  di- 

versita,  divario.   2.  questione, 

conlraslo. 

Different ;  id.,  diverso. 
Difficult;  difficile. 
Difficult-y;     i.    difficolta.     i. 

pena  ;  Wilh  great  — ,  a  mala 

pena.     3.    — ies,  stretle. 
Diffiden-c'e,  -t ;  id. 
Diffraction ;  id. 
Diffuse;    i.    diffuso.      2.    dif- 

fondere. 

Diffus-ion,  -ive;  id. 
Diffusiveness ;    prolissita,    es- 

pansione. 
Dig;  vangare, zappare.    —  into, 

far   penelrare    nella    mente. 

—  oul,  scavare,  eslrarre. 
Digest;  digerire. 
Digester  ;  penlola  (del  Papin). 
Digestible  ;  digeribile. 
Digest-ion,  -ive ;  id. 
Digger ;    zappatore,  vangatore, 

scavalore. 
Digging ;      zappalura,     scavo. 

— s,  miniere. 

Digit;    i.  dito.     2.  digito. 
Digital;  id. 
Digitalis;  digitale. 
Digitate ;  id. 

Dignified;  dignitoso,  insigne. 
Dignify ;  onorare,  decorare. 
Dignitary;  id. 
Dignity;  id. 
Digress;  digredire. 
Digression  ;  id. 
Dike;    i.  diga.     2.  fosso. 
Dilapidate;      id.,    sperperare, 

sconquassare,  rovinare. 
Dilapidation;    i.   id.      2.  — s, 

spese    di    restauro   alia   fine 

d'  un  affitto. 
Dilate;    i.    dilatare,    stendere. 

2.  stendersi,  tirare  in  lungo, 

diffondersi. 

Dilatoriness ;  lenlezza. 
Dilatory;     i.     lenlo,    lardivo. 

2.   dilatorio. 
Dilemma;  id. 
Dilettante;  id. 
Diligen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Dill ;  aneto. 

Dilly-dally;  gingillarsi. 
Diluent ;  id. 
Dilute;  i.  diluito,  stemperato. 

2.        diluire,       annacquare, 

stemperare. 

Dilution ;  stemperamento. 
Diluvium ;     deposito    diluvia- 

no. 
Dim ;     oscuro,     debole,    vago, 

torbido,    fosco,    appannato, 

annebbialo,       pallido,       in- 

dislinlb. 
Dime;    decima  parle  del   dol- 

laro. 

Dimension ;  id. 
Diminish  ;  diminuire. 
Diminut-ion,  -ive  ;  id. 
Dimity ;  dimilo. 
Dimly;  indistintamente. 

E 


XXXIV 


DIMNESS— DISFIGURE 


Dimness ;  oscurita,  debolezza, 
pallidezza. 

Dimple;  i.  fossetta,  pozzetta. 
j.  coprirsi  di  fossette.  3.  in- 
cresparsi. 

Dimpled;  a  fossette,  increspa- 
to,  grassotta  (mano). 

Din ;  i.  baccano,  strepito. 
i.  —  into,  ripetere  e  ripe- 
tere ;  I  do  not  want  this 
— ned  into  my  ears  day  after 
day,  non  voglio  sentirmene 
rintronare  le  orecchie  ogni 
giorno. 

Dine;  i.  pranzare,  desinare. 
i.  bastare  per  pranzo  a. 

Diner ;  commensale,  convitato. 
—  out,  chi  va  spesso  a  pran- 
zare dai  suoi  amici. 

Ding ;  reiterare  a  noia. 

Ding-dong;  din-din. 

Dinghy ;  battello. 

Dinginess ;  sbiaditezza. 

Dingle  ;  Valletta. 

Dingo  ;  cane  salvatico  dell'  Aus- 
tralia. 

Dingy ;  scolorato,  sbiadato, 
sudiciotto. 

Dining ;  il  desinare. 

Dining-car;  vagone  ristorante. 

Dining-hall ;  refettorio. 

Dining-room  ;  sala  da  pranzo. 

Dinner ;  pranzo,  desinare. 

Dinner-bell ;  campana  del 
pranzo. 

Dinnerless ;  senza  desinare. 

Dinner-lift ;  cala-pran/.i. 

Dinner-napkin ;  salvietta  da 
tavola. 

Dinner-party ;  pranzo,  con- 
vito. 

Dinner-service ;  servizio  di 
tavola. 

Dinner-table ;  tavola  da 
pranzo. 

Dinner-waggon ;  porta-vi- 
vande. 

Dint;  i.  impressione,  tacca. 
i.  By  - —  of,  a  forza  di. 

Dioces-an,  id.,  -e;  diocesi. 

Dioptric;  diottrico. 

Diorama ;  id. 

Dip;  i.  tuffo,  tuflata.  2.  pen- 
nata  (d1  inchiostro).  3. 
inclinazione  dell'  ago  mag- 
netico.  4.  candela  (di  sego). 
5.  tuffare,  immergere.  6.  — 
into,  frugacchiare,  leggic- 
chiare. 

Diphtheria;  difterite. 

Diphthong ;  dittongo. 

Diploma;  id.,  codicillo. 

Diplom-acy,  -atic,  -atically; 
id. 

Diplomatist ;  diplomatico. 

Dipper;  i.  ramaiolo,  mestolo. 
i.  merlo  acquatico. 

Dipping  into ;  lettura  rapida. 

Dipping-needle ;  ago  d"  in- 
clinazione. 

Dipsomaniac ;  dipsomane. 

Dire ;  terribile,  crudele,  or- 
rendo. 

Direct;  i.  diritto,  difilato. 
i.  dirigere,  indirizzare,  ri- 
volgere.  3.  insegnare,  addi- 
tare. 

Direction  ;  i .  direzione,  verso, 
senso.  2.  norma,  regola, 
ordine,  istruzjorie,  consiglio. 


3.  indirizzo,  ricapito,  soprac- 

carta,   soprascritta.      4.     go- 

verno,  maneggio. 
Directive ;  direttivo,  dirigente. 
Directly;       i.      direttamente. 

i.  tosto,  subito.     3.  appena 

che,  subito  che. 
Directness ;      dirittura,    retti- 

tudine. 
Director ;     direttore,    gerente. 

Board  of — s,  consiglio  d'  am- 

ministrazione. 
Directorate ;  direttorato. 
Directorial ;  direttoriale. 
Directorship  ;amministrazione, 

uffizio  di  direttore. 
Directory;     i.     Direttorio    (in 

Francia,  nel  1795).   2.  guida, 

annuario  degli  abitanti  d'  una 

citta  coi  loro  indirizzi. 
Direful ;  v.  Dire. 
Direfulness ;  orrore. 
Dirge ;  treno,  canto  funebre. 
Dirk;  claga,  pugnale. 
Dirt ;  sporcizia,  sudiciume. 
Dirtiness;    i.    sporcizia,    soz- 

zura.     i.  bassezza. 
Dirty;       i.      sporco,    sudicio, 

sucido,    infangato.       2.    os- 

ceno,    sboccato.       3.    basso, 

sozzo,  sordido.     4.  sporcare, 

bruttare,  infangare. 
Disability ;  incapacita. 
Disable;   i.  invalidare.    2.  dis- 

armare. 
Disabled;     i.     invalido,    reso 

inabile  od  incapace.     2.  dis- 

armato. 

Disabling  ;  che  rende  incapace. 
Disabuse;  disingannare. 
Disaccustom  ;  disabituare. 
Disadvantage ;   i .  svantaggio, 

scapito.        :.      disavvantag- 

giare. 
Disadvantageous ;      svantag- 

gioso. 

Disaffect ;  disaffezionare. 
Disaffected ;  malcontento. 
Disafforest;     i.    spogliare  dei 

privilegi    forestall.      2.     di- 

boscare. 
Disagree ;    i.   discordare,   non 

esser    d     accordo,    differire. 

i.     —    with,    far    male    a, 

nuocere,  incomodare. 
Disagreeable ;  spiacevole.sgra- 

devole. 
Disallow  ;    rifiutare,  disappro- 

vare,   proibire,  rigettare. 
Disallowance ;        disapprova- 

zione. 
Disappear ;     sparire,    svanire, 

scomparire. 
Disappearance ;      scomparsa, 

sparizione. 
Disappoint ;      deludere,     frus- 

trare,     mandar      a      vuoto, 

sventare,   mancar  di  parola, 

sorprendere  spiacevolmente. 
Disappointment;      delusione, 

speranza      delusa,      manca- 

mento  di  parola,  disillusions, 

disinganno   spiacevole,    con- 

trarieta,   disdetta,   disappun- 

to. 
Disapprobation ;    disapprova- 

zione. 

Disapprove  ;  disapprovare. 
Disarm ;  disarmare. 
Disarmament ;  disarmo. 


Disarrange;  scomodare, metier 
in  disordine  o  sottosopra, 
sconcertare. 

Disarray;  disordine. 

Disarticulate ;  disarticolare. 

Disa'ster;  disastro,  sinistro, 
disgrazia,  sfortuna,  sventura. 

Disastrous  ;  disastroso. 

Disavow ;  sconfessare,  rinne- 
gare,  disdire. 

Disavowal ;  sconfessione,  dis- 
detta. 

Disband ;  congedare,  licen- 
ziare,  sbandare. 

Disbandment ;  lo  sbandarsi. 

Disbar ;  cancellare  dall'  elenco 
degli  avvocati. 

Disbelief;  incredulita. 

Disbelieve  ;  non  credere,  dubi- 
tare. 

Disburden ;  scaricare,  sgra- 
vare. 

Disburse ;  sborsare. 

Disbursement ;  sborso,  spesa. 

Disc ;  disco. 

Discard;  i.  congedare,  riget- 
tare. 2.  scartare. 

Discern ;  discernere. 

Discernment ;  giudizio,  sen- 
no. 

Discharge;  i.  scarica.  2. 
sparo,  scaricamento.  3.  sco- 
lo,  sbocco,  uscita.  4.  scari- 
co,  quilianza,  ricevuta. 
5.  pagamento.  6.  congedo. 

7.  assoluzione,    liberazione. 

8.  riabilitazione  (di  fallito). 

9.  fede  di  congedo,   certifi- 
cate di  condotta. 

i  o.  scaricare.  n.sparare. 
12.  scolare,  uscire.  13.  pa- 
gare,  saldare.  1 4.  congedare. 
15.  iicenziare,  cassare,  man- 
dare  via.  1 6.  liberare 
(un'ipoteca).  17.  adempire, 
spedire,  disimpegnare.  18. 
lanciare,  gettare.  19.  snp- 
purare. 

Disciple ;  discepolo. 

Disciplinarian ;  maestro  se- 
vero. 

Disciplinary ;  disciplinare. 

Disclaim ;  v.  Disavow. 

Disclaimer;  sconfessione,  ri- 
trattazione. 

Disclose ;  esporre,  scoprire, 
rivelare,  palesare. 

Discolour;  scolorare. 

Discomfit;  disfare, sconfiggere. 

Discomfiture ;  sconfitta. 

Discomfort;  i.  sconforto,  disa- 
gio.  2.  sconcertare,  in- 
quietare,  sconfortare. 

Discommode  ;  scomodare. 

Discommon;  i.  convertire 
(terreno  comunale)  ad  uso 
privato.  2.  proibire  (da 
parte  dell'  autorita  universi- 
taria  a  un  negoziante  di 
Oxford  o  Cambridge)  il 
commercio  cogli  studenti. 

Discompose ;  scompigliare, 
sconcertare,  sconvolgere,  per- 
turbare. 

Discomposure ;  sconvolgi- 
mento. 

Disconcert ;  sconcertare. 

Disconnect ;  sconnettere,  se- 
parare. 

Disconsolate ;  sconsolato. 


Discontent ;  malcontento,  dis- 

piacere. 

Discontented ;  malcontento. 
Discontinuance ;  interruzione. 
Discontinue ;        interrompere, 

cessare. 

Discontinu-ity,  -ous;  id. 
Discord ;  discordia,  dissonanza, 

scordatura. 
Discordant ;    discordante,  dis- 

corde,  dissonante. 
Discount;     i.   sconto,  ribasso. 

2.  scontare. 

Discountenance;      disappro- 
vare, scoraggiare. 
Discourage ;  scoraggiare,   dis- 

suadere. 
Discourse;     i.     discorso,    ra- 

gionamento.      2.    discutere, 

parlare. 

Discourteous ;  scortese,  rozzo. 
Discover ;  i .  scoprire.    2.  mo- 

strare.     3.  accorgersi. 
Discover-able,       -er,       -y ; 

scopr-ibile,  -itore,  scoperta. 
Discredit;     i.     scredito.       2. 

screditare,  disonorare. 
Discreet ;  prudenle,  assennato, 

disc  reto. 

Discrepancy ;  discrepanza. 
Discretion;  id. ,  prudenza. 
Discretionary;  discrezionale. 
Discriminate;  distinguere. 
Discrimination ;  giudizio,  sen- 
no. 

Discrown ;  scoronare. 
Discursive ;  discorsivo. 
Discuss ;  discutere. 
Discussion ;  discussione. 
Disdain;        i.      sdegno.        2. 

sdegnare. 
Disdainful ;    sdegnoso,    sprez- 

zante. 

Disease ;  malattia,  male. 
Disembarcation ;  sbarco. 
Disembark ;  sbarcare. 
Disembarrass ;  sbarazzare. 
Disembody  ;  scorporare. 
Disembogue ;  scaricare,  sboc- 

care,  gettarsi. 
Disembowel ;  sbudellare. 
Disembroil;  sbrogliare. 
Disenchant;  disincantare. 
Disenchantment;  disillusione, 

disincanto. 

Disencumber;  sbarazzare. 
Disendow ;  spogliare. 
Disengage;      liberare,     disin- 

nestare,  sprigionare. 
Disengaged ;  libero. 
Disentail ;  annullare  la  sostitu- 

zione    relativa    a    un    bene 

immobile,  cambiando  il  pro- 

prietario    vitalizio    in    pro- 

prietario  assoluto. 
Disentangle  ;  sbrogliare,  chia- 

rire,      cavar     d'     impaccio, 

liberare,  disimpegnare. 
Disentanglement ;     disbrigo, 

sbrogliamento. 

Disentitle ;  privare  del  diritto. 
Disestablish ;    metter   fine  a, 

disfare  (un'  istituzione). 
Disestablishment ;       sciogli- 

mento,    privazione   di  privi- 
legi. 
Disfavour;      i.     sfavore.       2. 

sfavorire. 
Disfigure ;    sfigurare,     imbrut- 

tire. 


DISFIGUREMENT— DIVIDE 


XXXV 


Disfigurement ;  1'  imbruttire. 
Disfranchise ;      privare    della 

franchigia. 
Disfranchisement ;  privazione 

della  franchigia. 

Disgorge;      i.    lanciar    fuori, 
metier  fuori.      2.    restituire, 

abbandonare,  rilasciare  pos- 

sesso  di. 

Disgrace  ;   i.  onta,  obbrobrio  ; 
In  — ,  in  disgrazia.      2.  di- 

sonorare  ;  To  be  — d,  cadere 

in  disgrazia. 
Disgraceful;  vergognoso,  igno- 

bile,  ontoso,  disonorante. 
Disguise;     i.     travestimento. 

2.    travestire,     fingere,    dis- 

simulare. 

Disgust;   i.  disgusto,   svoglia- 
tezza, fastidio.    2.  disgustare, 

dispiacere. 
Disgusting;     disgustoso,    sto- 

machevole,        nauseabondo, 

schifoso. 
Dish ;       i .      piatto,     scodella, 

terrina.      2.    To  —  up,  ser- 

vire.     3.  (gergo)  mandare  a 

vuoto  le  aspettazioni  di. 
Dish-cloth ;  strofinaccio. 
Dish-cover;  copripiatti. 
Dish-warmer ;  scaldavivande. 
Dishearten;  scoraggiare. 
Dishevel;  arruffare,  scapigliare. 
Dishonest ;  disonesto. 
Dishonesty;  disonesta. 
Dishonour;  disonore. 
Dishonourable ;  disonorevole, 

disonesto. 

Dishorn ;  scornare. 
Disillusion ;  id. 
Disinclination;       ripugnanza, 

svogliatezza,  contraggenio. 
Disincline ;    snamorare,     svo- 

gliare,  disgustare. 
Disinfect ;  disinfettare. 
Disinfection ;  disinfezione. 
Disingenuous;  simulato,  falso, 

finto. 

Disinherit ;  diseredare. 
Disintegr-ate,  -ation  ;  id. 
Disinter ;  dissotterrare. 
Disinterested ;  disinteressato. 
Disinterestedness ;       disinte- 

resse. 
Disinterment;  dissotterramen- 

to. 

Disjoin  ;  disgiungere,  disunire. 
Disjointed ;  sconnesso. 
Disjunctive ;  disgiuntivo. 
Disk ;  disco. 
Dislike;     i.    avversione,   anti- 

patia,    ripugnanza.      2.   non 

amare,  disamare ;    I  — ,  mi 

spiace. 

Dislocate ;  slogarsi,  spostare. 
Dislocation;  i.  slogatura, lus- 

sazione.       2.    smembramen- 

to. 

Dislodge ;  scacciare,  sloggiare. 
Disloyal ;  sleale. 
Dismal ;       orrendo,      lugubre, 

tristo,  tetro,  funesto. 
Dismantle;    smantellare,    dis- 

fare,     spogliare,     disarmare 

(nave). 

Dismast ;  disalberare. 
Dismay ;     i.     spavento,    sgo- 

mento.     2.   spaventare,  sgo- 

mentare. 
Dismember;  smembrare. 


Dismiss  ;  licenziare,  metier  da 

parte,    scacciare,    Hestituire, 

niandar  via. 
Dismissal ;  licenziamento,  con- 

gedo,  dimissione. 
Dismount;     i.    scendere    (da 

cavallo).     2.   smontare. 
Disobedient ;  disobbediente. 
Disobey;  disobbedire. 
Disoblige;     far    dispiacere    a, 

usar  scortesia  a. 
Disobliging ;        disobbligante, 

scortese,  incivile. 
Disorder;     i.    disordine,    dis- 

sesto.     2.  malattia.     3.  dis- 

ordinare,  perturbare. 
Disorderly ;   in  disordine,  tur- 

bolento,   mal  regolato. 
Disorganise  ;  disorganizzare. 
Disown ;     sconfessare,     rinne- 

gare. 
Disparage;     screditare,    spre- 

giare,  denigrare,  detrarre  da. 
Disparagement;  scredito.spre- 

gio,  sprezzamento. 
Disparagingly ;  con  disprezzo. 
Disparity ;  id. 
Dispassionate ;       spassionato, 

tranquillo. 

Dispatch;  v.  Despatch. 
Dispel ;  dissipare,  scacciare. 
Dispensary;  farmacia. 
Dispensation;      i.    dispensa. 

2.  modo  prescritto  da  rivela- 

zione  divina  per  servire  Dio. 
Dispense;     i.    distribute.     2. 

—  with,  (a)  fare  a  meno  di, 

(/>)  destituire.      3.    —  from, 

dispensare  da. 
Dispensing  power  ;  diritlo  di 

grazia. 

Dispeople;  spppolare. 
Disperse;  dissipare, dispergere, 

disperdere,  spargere. 
Dispersion;  id.,  disperdimen- 

to. 
Dispirit ;    scoraggiare,    abbat- 

lere. 

Displace ;  spostare. 
Display;       i.      mostrare,     far 

vedere,  spiegare,  sciorinare. 

2.  spettacolo,  mostra,  sfoggio, 

pompa. 
Displease ;     dispiacere,    scon- 

tentare,  stizzire. 
Disport  oneself;  divertirsi. 
Disposable;  disponibile. 
Disposal;   i.  disposizione.      2. 

potere. 
Dispose;    i.  disporre.     2.    in- 

clinare.      3.    —  of,   disfarsi 

di,  vendere,  cedere. 
Disposer ;  padrone,  arbitro. 
Disposition;     i.    id.,    indole. 

2.   disposto. 

Dispossess ;   spossessare,  spo- 
gliare. 

Dispraise ;  biasimo. 
Disproof;  confutazione. 
Disproportion ;  sproporzione. 
Disprove;  confutare. 
Dispute  ;  disputare,  contestare. 
Disqualification;     i.    incapa- 

cita.     2.    cagione  d'   inabili- 

ta. 
Disqualify;  rendere  incapace, 

disabilitare. 
Disquiet;       i.      inquietudine. 

2.    inquietare. 
Disquisition;  /,/. 


Disregard;     i.   sprezzo,   non- 
curanza.       2.    sprezzare,   far 
poco  caso  di. 
Disrelish;     i.     disamore.      2. 

avere  a  schifo,  disamare. 
Disrepair;  guasto,  sfacelo. 
Disreputable ;        screditabile, 

disonesto. 

Disrepute ;     scredito.       Bring 
into  — ,  meltere  in  discredito. 
Disrespect ;  irriverenza. 
Disrespectful ;  irriverente,  nbn 

rispettoso. 
Disrobe ;  svestire. 
Disruption ;  rottura. 
Dissatisfaction;  spiacere,scon- 

tento,  malcontento. 
Dissatisfied ;  malcontento. 
Dissect;  dissecare. 
Dissecting-knife ;  scalpello. 
Dissection ;  dissezione. 
Dissector;  dissettore. 
Dissemble ;  dissimulare. 
Disseminate ;  id. 
Dissension;  id.,  dissidio. 
Dissent;   i.dissenso.     2.  dissi- 

denza.     3.  dissentire. 
Dissentient ;  dissenziente. 
Dissenting ;  dissidente. 
Dissertation ;  id. 
Disservice;  danno,  disservizio. 
Dissever ;  sceverare,  tagliare. 
Dissiden-ce,  -t;  id. 
Dissimilar ;  dissimile. 
Dissimilarity;  dissomiglianza. 
Dissimulate ;  id. 
Dissipate ;  id. 
Dissipation;    i.    id.      2.    vita 

allegra,  distrazione. 
Dissolute ;  id. 
Dissolution;    i.  id.     2.  scio- 

glimenlo,  licenza. 
Dissolve;  \.id.    2.  sciogliere, 

disunire.     3.  annullare. 
Dissolving   view;    scena  dis- 

solvente. 

Dissonan-ce,  -t;  id. 
Dissuade ;  dissuadere. 
Dissuasion ;  id. 
Dissyllable ;  dissillabo. 
Distaff;  rocca,  conocchia. 
Distance;     i.   distanza,  lonta- 

nanza.       2.    intervallo.      3. 

conlegno,     rispetto ;      Keep 

one's    — ,     portar     rispetto. 

4.    oltrepassare. 
Distant ;    i .  distante,  lontano, 

discosto.     2.  riservalo,  con- 

tegnoso.     3.  altezzoso. 
Distaste  ;    svogliatezza  ;   Take 

a  —  for,  prender  a  noia  o  a 

fastidio. 
Distasteful ;  ripugnante,  fasti- 

dioso,  spiacevole. 
Distemper;   i.  tempera,  into- 

naco ;   Painted  in  — ,  fatto  a 

tempera.  2.  cimurro,  malattia. 
Distend ;  gonfiare. 
Distension ;  gonfiamento. 
Distich  ;  distico. 
Distil ;  distillate,  stillare. 
Distinct, -ion, -ive;  distin-to, 

-zione,  -tivo. 
Distinctness;     i.    natura  di- 

stinta.     2.    chiarezza. 
Distinguish;   distinguere.     — 

oneself,  segnalarsi. 
Distinguishable;  distinguibile. 
Distinguished ;     distinto,    in- 

signe. 


Distort ;   contorcere,   storcere, 

sformare,  sfigurare. 
Distortion ;    storsione,  contor- 

sione. 

Distract;   i.  distrarre,  distorre, 
svagare.    2.  impazzire,  mole- 
stare. 
Distracted ;    impazzito,  pazzo, 

forsennato. 

Distraction ;  i.  distrazione, 
divertimento.  2.  pazzia, 
angoscia. 

Distrain ;  sequestrare  i  beni 
d'  un  affittuario.  —  upon, 
confiscare,  staggire,  seque- 
strare i  beni  di. 

Distraint ;     sequestra,    staggi- 

mento. 

Distraught ;  forsennato. 
Distress;  i.  miseria,  angoscia, 
angustia,  pericolo.  2.  se- 
questra. 3.  affliggere,  an- 
gustiare,  ridurre  alia  miseria 
o  alle  strette. 

Distressful;  infelice.sventurato. 

Distressing ;  penoso,  oppri- 
mente,  doloroso. 

Distribute  ;  distribuire. 

Distributer ;  distributore. 

Distribu-tion,  -live ;  id. 

District ;  distretto,  circondario, 
quartiere.        —     office,    - 
school,  uffizio,  o  scuola,  cir- 
condariale. 

Distrust;  i.  sospetto,  diffi- 
denza.  2.  diffidare  di. 

Distrustful ;  diffidente. 

Disturb;  disturbare,  incomo- 
dare. 

Disturbance ;  disturbo,  som- 
mossa,  agitazione,  inquietu- 
dine. 

Disturber ;  perturbatore. 

Disunion;  id. 

Disunite;  disunire. 

Disuse;  i.  disuso.  2.  non 
usare  piu. 

Disused;  i.  disusato.  i.  disa- 
bituato. 

Ditch;  i.  fossa.  i.  fosso. 
3.  affbssare. 

Dithyrambic ;  ditirambico. 

Dittany;  i.  dittamo.  2.  White 
— ,  frassinella  bianca. 

Ditto;  detto. 

Ditty ;  canzone. 

Diuretic  ;  id. 

Diurnal;  diurno,  giornaliere. 

Divagation ;  id. 

Divan ;  divano. 

Divaricate ;  biforcarsi. 

Dive  ;  immergersi,  tuflTarsi. 

Diver;  i.  tuffatore,  palombaro, 
marangone,  scafandro.  j. 
smergo,  strolaga,  tuffolo. 

Diverg-e,  -ence,  -ent;  id. 

Divers ;  diversi,  parecchi. 

Diverse ;  diverso. 

Diversify;  diversificare. 

Diversion;  i.  id.  2.  distra- 
zione, divertimento. 

Diversity;  id. 

Divert;  i.  sviare.  2.  divertire, 
distrarre. 

Diverting;  divertente. 

Divertingly ;  divertevolmente. 

Divest ;  spogliare,  svestire. 

Divide;  i.  dividere,  disunire. 
t.  spartire,  distribuire.  3. 
andare  ai  voti. 

£2 


XXXVI 


DIVIDEND— DOVE-TAIL 


Dividend ;  dividendo. 
Dividend  warrant ;  cedola  di 

dividendo. 

Divider;  distributore. 
Divination ;  id. 
Divine;   i.id.    2.  ecclesiastico. 

3.  indovinare.      4.    presen- 
tire. 

Diviner;  mago. 
Diving-apparatus ;    apparec- 

chio  da  palombaro. 
Diving-bell ;  campana  da  pa- 

iombaro. 

Diving-dress ;  scafandro. 
Divining-rod;     bacchetta   di- 

vinatoria. 
Divinity  ;  id. 
Divisible  ;  id. 
Division;     i.     id.     2.    sparti- 

mento.      3.    voto,  votazione 

con  numerazione  dei  votanti  ; 

On  a  — ,  votando  ;  Without 

any     — ,     senza    votazione. 

4.  electoral  — ,  sezione  elet- 
torale. 

Divisional;  id. 

Divisor;  id. 

Divorce;  i.  divorzio.  2.  di- 
vorziare. 

Divot ;  piallaccio  di  terra. 

Divulge ;  divolgare. 

Dizziness;   vertigine. 

Dizzy ;  stordito,  vertiginoso. 

Do;  i.  fare,  compire,  finire, 
spacciare,  commettere,  ren- 
dere  (servizio).  2.  cuocere, 
far  cuocere.  3.  metier  a 
mezzo,  truffare.  4.  agire. 

5.  stare  (di  salute)  ;  How  — 
you   —  ?     come   state  ?      6. 
andare,    convenire.      7.    ba- 
stare. 

8.  as  si.,  truffa,  scrocco. 
g.  (mus.)  do,  ut. 

10.  —  be  quiet,  ma  volete 
esser  tranquillo.  1 1 .  —  what 
I  would,  per  quanto  potessi 
fare. 

12.  —  again,  rifare.     13. 

—  away  with,  abolire,   fare 
sparire,  sopprimere.     14.  — 
by,     agire     verso,    trattare. 
ij.        -    for,    (a)    rovinare, 
uccidere,  (b)  curare,  prender 
cura    di.        16.    —   out   of, 
scroccare   di.       17.    —  over 
with,  ricoprire  con.     18.  — 
up,    (a)    rimettere   a  nuovo, 

(b)  imballare,       avvolgere, 

(c)  Done  up,   rotto,   sloni- 
bato.      19.   —  well,  (a)  riu- 
scire  bene,    (i)    star  sempre 
meglio,  (c)  attecchire,  (d)  far 
dei    buoni    affari.       20.    — 
without,  fare  a  meno  di. 

21.  To  have  something  to 
— ,  aver  qualche  cosa  da 
fare.  22.  To  have  some- 
thing (nothing)  to  —  with 
it,  entrarci  per  qualche  cosa 
(per  niente),  avervi  (non 
avervi)  da  fare.  23.  To 
have  done  with  it,  non 
averne  piu  bisogno.  24. 
That  will  — ,  basta  cosl  ; 
That  will  — very  well,  andra 
benissimo.  25.  It  does  not 

—  for     me,    non    mi    va. 
26.    What    have   you    done 
with?     Dove  avete  messo? 


1^"  Do,  Did  used  as  signs  of 
another  verb  are  not  ex- 
pressed in  Italian,  as  :  I  do 
think,  penso  io.  What  did 
he  say?  chehadetto?  I  do, 
he  does,  you  don't,  I  did, 
&c.,  are  generally  expressed 
by  si,  or  by  repeating  the 
verb.  Do  you  like  tea?  vi 
piace  il  te?  Yes,  I  do,  si, 
mi  piace.  You  do  not  know 
what  he  means,  but  I  do, 
voi  non  capite  cio  che  vuol 
dire  ma  io  si. 

Doat  upon  ;  amare  appassiona- 
tamente. 

Docil-e,  -ity;  id. 

Dock ;  i.  bacino,  darsena ; 
Dry  — ,  cantiere  ;  Floating 
— ,  bacino  galleggiante ; 
Graving  — ,  bacino  di  care- 
naggio ;  Wet  — ,  darsena. 

2.  romice,    erba    pazienza. 

3.  banco     degli     imputati. 

4.  far    entrare    nel   bacino. 

5.  scodare,   mozzare,   smoz- 
zicare. 

Docket ;    listino,    cedola,  bor- 

der6,  etichetta. 
Dock-gate  ;  porta  di  un  bacino 

di  scaricamento. 
Dock-master;    direttore  della 

daisena. 

Dock -yard ;  cantiere. 
Doctor;     i.     dottore,  medico. 

2.  curare.       3.     medicare. 
4.   alterare,  adulterare. 

Doctoring;  medicina. 
Doctrine ;  dottrina. 
Document ;  id. 
Dodder ;  cuscuta. 
Doddering;  barcollante. 
Dodge ;   i.   giro,  rigiro,  bindo- 
leria,   giuoco.      2.    schivare. 

3.  rigirare. 

Dodger;  furbo,  merlo,  bindo- 
lo. 

Dodginess ;  furberia,  bindo- 
leria. 

Doe;  daina.  —  rabbit,  coni- 
glio  femmina. 

Doer ;  autore,  facitore. 

Doe-skin;  pelle  di  daina. 

Doff;  cavare,  togliersi. 

Dog ;  i .  cane  ;  —  fox,  volpe 
maschia  ;  Hunting  — ,  brae- 
co ;  Lap  — ,  cagnolino  da 
signora  ;  Watch  — ,  cane  da 
guardia.  2.  seguire,  pedi- 
nare,  spiare. 

Dog-cart;  biroccino,  biga. 

Dog-days ;  giorni  canicolari. 

Dog-fancier;  mercante  di  cani. 

Dog-fish ;  pesce  cane. 

Dogged ;  ostinato,  accanito. 

Doggerel ;  maccheronico. 

Doggish ;  cagnesco. 

Dog-grass ;  gramigna. 

Dog-kennel;  canile. 

Dog-latin  ;  latino  maccheroni- 
co. 

Dogma;  domma. 

Dogmat-ic,  -ise,  -ism  ;  dom- 
matico  ecc. 

Dog-rose ;  rosa  canina. 

Dog's  bane ;  aconito. 

Dog's  ear;  i.  orecchio.  2. 
fare  una  piega  a  un  angolo. 

Dog-shore ;  scontro  di  scalo 
da  varare. 


Dog-show;       esposizione     di 

cani. 

Dog-skin  ;  pelle  di  cane. 
Dog's  mercury ;  marcorella. 
Dog-star ;  canicola. 
Dog-violet ;  viola  canina. 
Doily  ;  salviettina. 
Doings  ;  fatti. 
Doit;  bezzo. 
Doldrums;   i.  le  spiagge  pres- 

so  1'  equatore  dove  non  lira 

vento.     2.  tristezza. 
Dole;   i.  elemosina.    2. — out, 

distribuire  (spilorciamente). 
Doleful ;  doloroso,  lugubre. 
Doll ;  bambola,  fantoccio. 
Dollar;  dollaro. 
Dollop  ;  pezzo  di  fango  molle. 
Dolly;  tasso. 
Dolman  ;  id. 
Dolmen ;  dolmenno. 
Dolorous  ;  doloroso. 
Dolphin ;  delfino. 
Dolt ;  minchione,  grullo. 
Domain ;  dominio. 
Dome;  cupola,  volta. 
Domestic;    i.    id.,  servo.     2. 

casalingo.     3.   — s,  servitii. 
Domesticate;    id.,  addomesti- 

care. 

Domicile ;  domicilio. 
Domiciliary;  id. 
Domin-ant,      -ate,      -ation, 

-ator;   id. 

Domineer  ;  signoreggiare. 
Domineering  ;  altiero. 
Domini-cal,  -can  ;  id. 
Dominie  ;  maestruccio. 
Dominion  ;     i.    dominio,    im- 

pero.        2.     — s,    territorio, 

stato. 

Don ;   i.   Tanai.     2.  indossare. 
Donation  ;  id. 
Done!     i.     volentieri  !     accet- 

tato.      2.   cotto.     3.   —  up, 

v.   Do  (18). 
Donjon  ;       fortilizio     centrale 

d'  un  castello  feodale. 
Donkey  ;  asino,  asinello,  ciuco. 
Donor  ;  donatore. 
Do-nothing  ;  perdigiorni,  fan- 

nullone. 
Doodling ;     sciocco,    scimuni- 

to. 
Doom;   i,  sorte funesta,  destino 

fatale.      2.    destinare    fatal- 

mente. 
Doomsday ;     giudizio    univer- 

sale. 
Doomsday      book ;       catasto 

dell'    Inghilterra     fatto     da 

Guglielmo  il  Conquistatore. 
Door ;    porta,    uscio,    portello, 

ingresso.     Carriage  — ,  spor- 

tello.     Next  —  to,  vicino  a. 

To  be   next  —  neighbours, 

essere  a  uscio  e  bottega.     In 

— s,   dentro,    in   casa.     Out 

— ,    (a)   all'   aperto,    (b)   da 

fuori.       Out    of   — s,    fuori. 

Turn  out  of  — ,  mettere  alia 

porta.     It  will  lie  at  your  — , 

la  colpa  sara  vostra. 
Door-bell ;     campanello   della 

porta. 

Door-curtain  ;  portiera. 
Door-frame ;    stipite,  intelaia- 

tura. 

Door-keeper ;    portinaio,  por- 
tiere. 


Door-nail ;    borchia   del  mar- 

tello. 

Door-plate  ;  placca  della  porta. 
Door-porter ;    portiere,    porti- 
naio. 

Door-post  ;  stipite. 
Door-step ;    gradino  della  so- 

glia,      lastra     davanti     alia 

porta. 

Door-way  ;  vano  della  porta. 
Door-weight ;  pietrino,  marmi- 

no. 

Dormant ;  giacente. 
Dormer-window  ;  abbaino. 
Dormitory  ;  id. 
Dormouse  ;  ghiro,  moscardino. 
Dorsal ;  id. 

Dory  ;  pesce  San  Pietro. 
Dose  ;     i.  id.      2.   dosare. 
Dosser ;    chi    occupa  un   letto 

in  un  dormitorio  pubblico  a 

prezzo  bassissimo. 
Dot;    i.    punto.      2.   porre  un 

punto.     3.    punteggiare. 
Dotage  ;  rimbambimento. 
Dotard  ;  vecchio  rimbambito. 
Dote;    i.    rimbambire.     2.    v. 

Doat. 
Dotterel ;    piviere    tortolino   o 

minore. 

Dotty  ;  mezzo  imbecille. 
Double  ;    i.   doppio.     2.   svol- 

to>    ganghero   (della   lepre). 

3.  doppiare,    raddoppiare. 

4.  fare  un  ganghero.     5.  pie- 
gare.     6.  serrare  (il  pugno). 

Double-acting;  a  doppio  effet- 

to. 
Double-barrelled  ;      a      due 

canne. 

Double-bedded  ;  a  due  letti. 
Double-dealer ;    ipocrita,  fur- 

fante. 

Double-dealing  ;  duplicita. 
Double-edged;  a  due  tagli. 
Double  entry  ;  partita  doppia. 
Double-fronted  ;    a    due   fac- 

ciate. 
Double-lock  ;  serrare  a  doppia 

chiave. 

Double-meaning;   ambiguita. 
Double-minded ;    falso,  simu- 

lato. 

Double-tongued ;    falso,    fur- 
bo. 
Doublet;   i.  farsetto.     2.  paio, 

doppione. 
Doubling;  i.  raddoppiamento. 

2.  ganghero. 
Doubloon ;  doblone. 
Doubly;      doppiamente,     due 

volte. 
Doubt ;     i.  dubbio.      2.  dubi- 

tare,  esitare. 
Doubtful ;    dubbio,    dubbioso, 

incerto,  sospetto. 
Douceur  ;  mancia. 
Douche ;  doccia. 
Dough;  pasta. 
Dough-nut ;  frittella,  specie  di 

sgonfiotto. 

Doughty ;  valoroso. 
Doughy  ;  pastoso. 
Douse ;  tuffare. 
Dove  ;   piccione,  colomba,  tor- 

tora. 

Dovecot ;  colombaia. 
Dove-tail ;   i.  codadi  rondine. 

2.  incastrare,  addentellare  a 

coda  di  rondine. 


DOWAGER— DRUM-HEAD 


XXXVll 


Dowager  ;  vedova  nobile. 

Dowdy  ;  vestito  male. 

Dowel  ;  perno. 

Dower ;   i.  dote.     2.  dotare. 

Down ;  i.  piumino,  lanugine, 
peluria,  peli  matti.  2.  col- 
lina  erbosa.  3.  giii,  abbasso, 
a.  terra.  4.  a  secondo  ;  — 
the  stream,  a  seconda  la 
corrente.  5.  mesto,  triste. 

Downcast  ;  abbattuto. 

Downfall ;  caduta. 

Downhearted  ;  scoraggiato. 

Downhill  ;  i.  discesa,  declivio. 
2.  giii  per  la  scesa,  in  di- 
scesa. 

Down  line  ;  binario  di  parten- 
za. 

Downpour  ;  acquazzone. 

Downright;  i.  evidente, 
franco,  netto,  vero.  2.  affat- 
to,  del  tutto,  completamente, 
davvero. 

Downtrodden  ;  oppresso. 

Downward;  scendente, declive, 
verso  terra. 

Downy ;  lanuginoso. 

Dowry;  dote. 

Doxology  ;  dossologia. 

Doyly  ;  v.  Uoily. 

Doze;  i.  sonnellino,  sopore. 
2.  sonnecchiare,  assopirsi. 

Dozen  ;  dozzina. 

Drab;  i.  grigio  bruno.  2. 
sgualdrina. 

Drachm  ;  dramma. 

Draft;  i.  tratta.  2.  pesca- 
gione.  3.  distaccamento. 
4.  stendere,  abbozzare.  5. 
distaccare. 

Draft  paper ;  carta  da  proto- 
collo. 

Drag ;  i .  gancio,  uncino,  graffo. 
i.  scarpa,  zoccolo.  3.  car- 
rozzone  a  quattro  cavalli. 

4.  ostacolo,    impedimento. 

5.  slitta.      6.    strascico.     7. 
erpice.     8.  trascinare,  tirare 
(per    forza).      9.    -  -    from, 
strappare. 

Drag-chain ;   catena  per  raz- 

zare  le  rote. 
Draggle  ;  strascicare. 
Draggle-tailed  ;  sudicio. 
Drag-net ;  rete  da  strascico. 
Dragoman ;  dragomanno. 
Dragon  ;    i.  dragone.     2.  dra- 

gontea. 

Dragonet;  callionimo. 
Dragon-fly;  libellula,  cavaloc- 

chio. 
Dragoon ;      i.     dragone.       2. 

sottomettere   per  forza  mili- 

tare. 
Drain;   i.  fogna,  fossa,  gorello, 

scolo,  solco  scolatoio.     t.  far 

scolare,  fognare,  prosciugare. 
Drainage ;     scolo,     fognatura, 

drenaggio.     —  tile,  tubo  di 

terra  cotta. 

Drain-pipe  ;  tubo  di  scolo. 
Drain-trap  ;  valvola  di  fogna. 
Drake  ;  anitra  maschio. 
Dram;     i.    dramma.      2.    bic- 

chierino. 
Dram-a,  -atic,  -atist,  -atise  ; 

id. 
Drape;   i.  panneggiare.     2.  co- 

prire. 
Draper ;  pannaiolo. 


Drapery;    i.  panneggiamento. 

2.  drapperia. 
Drastic  ;  id. 

Draught  ;    i.    sorso.      2.    tiro. 

3.  corrente  d'  aria.     4.  tirag- 
gio.     5.    pozione.     6.    — s, 
giuoco  di  dama.     7.    pesca- 
gione. 

Draught-board  ;  tavoliere. 
Draught -horse  ;     cavallo    da 

tiro. 
Draughty ;    con   forti  correnti 

d'  aria. 
Draw ;   i .  tirare,  attirare,  trarre. 

2.    disegnare.      3.    estrarre. 

4.  —   a    game,   esser   pari. 

5.  redigere.      6.   riscuotere. 
7.    (mar.)    pescare.      8.    — 
back,  indietreggiare.     9.  — 
down,  abbassare.     10.  —  in, 
ritirare.     n.    —  near,  avvi- 
cinarsi.     12.     —  off,  (a)  ri- 
tirare,  (t>)   vuotare.      13.  — 
on,    attrarre.      14.    —   out, 
(a)     cavar     fuori,     (b)    farsi 
pagare    una    tratta,    levare. 
15.    —  over,  cattivare.     16. 
—  up,  (a)  attirare,  (b)  com- 
pilare,  stendere,  (c)  schierare, 
disporre,   (d)  —  oneself  up, 
raddrizzarsi. 

Drawback ;  scapito,svantaggio, 

inconveniente. 

Drawbridge  ;  ponte  levatoio. 
Drawer;    i.   tiratore.     2.    cas- 

setto,    cassettino  ;    Chest   of 

— s,  cassettone.     3.  traente. 
Drawers  ;  mutande. 
Drawing;  i.  delineamento,  di- 

segno.     2.  estrazione. 
Drawing     account ;      credito 

aperto. 
Drawing-board ;      tavola     da 

disegnare. 
Drawing-master;    maestro  di 

disegno. 
Drawing-paper ;      carta     da 

disegno. 
Drawing-pin ;      puntina     (da 

disegno). 
Drawing-room ;      i.     salotto. 

2.   ricevimento  alia  Corte. 
Drawl;     i.    pronuncia   strasci- 

cante.     2.   strascicare. 
Drawn;    i.  indeciso.     2.  nuda 

(spada). 
Draw-net ;      tramaglio,    stra- 

scino. 

Draw-string ;  filo  da  guaina. 
Dray ;  carro,  carrettone. 
Dray-horse  ;  cavallo  da  traino. 
Drayman  ;  carrettiere. 
Dread ;     i.    terrore,    spavento. 

2.    temere. 
Dreadful ;    terribile,  spavente- 

vole. 

Dream  ;  i .  sogno.     2.  sognare. 
Dreamer ;    sognatore,  visiona- 

rio. 

Dreamy ;  da  sognatore. 
Dreary  ;  triste,  brullo,  desolato. 
Dredge;       i.     tramaglio.      2. 

pescare  col  tramaglio.    3.  co- 

spargere  (di  farina). 
Dredger;      i.     pescatore    col 

tramaglio.        2.     cavafango, 

draga. 

Dregs ;  feccia. 
Drench  ;  i.  purga.    2.  bagnare, 

inondare. 


Dress;  i.  abito,  vestito,  veste, 
abbigliamento.  2.  vestire, 
abbigliare.  3.  ornare,  ac- 
conciare.  4.  assettare,  alle- 
stire,  condire,  guarnire.  5. 
tagliare,  potare  (vigna). 
6.  pavesare.  7.  medicare 
(ferita).  8.  allineare.  9.  — 
boots,  stivaletti  verniciati. 
10.  —  circle,  prima  galleria. 
n.  —  coat,  giubba,  abito  da 
sera.  12.  In  full — ,  in  gran 
toletta,  in  gran  tenuta. 

Dresser  ;  i.  vestitore.  2.  medi- 
co assistente.  3.  scaffale  di 
cucina. 

Dressing  ;  i.  il  vestire.  2.  ac- 
conciatura.  3.  concime.  4. 
medicatura.  5.  condimento, 
salsa.  6.  lo  sbuzzare  (polli). 

Dressing-case ;  cassetta  o 
astuccio  da  toeletta. 

Dressing-gown ;  veste  di 
camera,  accappatoio,  ve- 
staglia. 

Dressing-jacket ;  camicino. 

Dressing-room,  -table ;  gabi- 
netto,  tavola,  da  toletta. 

Dress  jacket  ;giubbettoda  sera. 

Dress-maker  ;  sarta. 

Dressy  ;  attillato. 

Dribble;  i.  stillare,  gocciolare. 
2.  far  bava. 

Driblet  ;  briciolo.  In  — s,  poco 
a  poco,  a  pezzettini. 

Dried  ;  secco. 

Drift  ;  i.  mira,  tendenza. 
2.  deriva.  3.  galleria.  4. 
mucchio,  falda  (di  neve). 

5.  portaticcio.        6.     deri- 
vare. 

Drift-wood;  legnoportato dalle 

correnti. 
Drill  ;    i.    succhiello,  trapano. 

2.  traliccio.    3.  solco,  porca. 

4.  seminatrice.     5.  esercizio. 

6.  forare.     7.    seminare   per 
solco.    8.  esercitare,  insegnar 
gli  esercizi  a. 

Drill-sergeant ;  sergente  istrut- 
tore. 

Drily ;  seccamente. 

Drink;  i.  bevanda,  bibita, 
beveraggio.  2.  bere.  3.  — 
off,  bere  in  una  volta.  4.  — 
up,  bere  tutto.  5.  —  to, 
brindare. 

Drinkable ;  potabile. 

Drinker ;  bevitore. 

Drinking  ;    i.  chi  beve  molto. 

2.  il    bere.      3.     •  -   bout, 
ribotta,  gozzoviglia. 

Drinking-fountain  ;     fontana 

pubblica. 
Drinking-song;  canzone  gio- 

viale  o  bacchico. 
Drip  ;  v.  Dribble. 
Dripping;  unto. 
Dripping-pan ;  leccarda.ghiot- 

ta. 
Drive;    j.  scarrozzata,   passeg- 

giata  in  carrozza.  2 .  spingere. 

3.  conficcare,  cacciare.      4. 
condurre,    guidare.      5.    co- 
stringere.      6.    stringere  (un 
mercato).      7.  —  back,   re- 
spingere.     8.    —  in,  confic- 
care,   piantare.      9.    —   off, 
cacciare.       10.    —   through, 
attraver- -...-. 


Drivel  ;   i.  bava.      2.  scioccez- 

za.     3.  far  bava.     4.  farneti- 

care. 

Driveller  ;  farneticante. 
Drivelling;      i.     bavoso.       2. 

farnetico,  sciocco. 
Driver;    cocchiere,  carrettiere, 

conduttore,     machinista    (di 

locomotiva). 
Driving ;     motore.       —  axle, 

albero    motore.      —    chain, 

catena   di    trasmissione.     — 

pulley,  puleggia  motrice. 
Drizzle  ;  i.  acquetta,  acqueru- 

giola.  2.  piovigginare,  spruz- 

zare. 

Drizzling  ;  provigginoso. 
Droll ;  comico,  ameno,  strano. 
Dromedary ;  id. 
Drone;    i.  fuco.      2.   infingar- 

done,  pigrone.     3.  ronzare. 
Droning  ;  ronzio. 
Droop  ;     languire,     appassire, 

lasciar  cadere  la  testa,  awiz- 

zire. 
Drooping;  languido, languente, 

floscio. 
Drop  ;      i.     goccia,     gocciolo, 

gocciolina.      2.    caduta.     3. 

ribasso.    4.  pendente  d'  orec- 

chini.      5.    trabocchetto  (di 

patibolo).     6.    pastiglia.     7. 

altezza  (di  vela). 

8.  cadere,  cascare.     9.  ab- 

bandonare,    cessare,    metier 

da  bando,  lasciare.      10.  — 

astern,  andare  indietro.     11. 

—  down  (stream),  calare  con 
la    corrente.       12.     —    in, 
entrare  all'  improvvisa.     13. 

—  off,    (a)    cadere,   (b)  di- 
minuire,  venire  in  decadenza, 
scemare,    (c)  addormentarsi, 
(d)    morire.       14.    —  out, 
(a)  andare  in  disuso,  (6)  uscire 
dalle    file,     non    poter    piu 
marciare.      15.    —  through, 
arrenare,     far     fiasco,     non 
riuscire,  non  potersi  eseguire. 

Droplet ;  gocciolina. 

Dropping-glass ;  contagocce. 

Drop  scene  ;  comodino. 

Dropsical ;  idropico. 

Dropsy  ;  idropisia. 

Dropwort ;  filipendola. 

Dross;  i.  scoria,  ruggine.  2. 
rifiuto. 

Drought ;  siccita,  secchezza. 

Drove;  branco,mandra,gregge. 

Drover  ;  bovaro,  mandriano. 

Drown  ;  annegare. 

Drowsy ;  sonnacchioso. 

Drub;  bastonare. 

Drudge;  i.  facchino, sgobbone. 
2.  affacchinarsi. 

Drudgery ;  lavoro  ingrato. 

Drug;   i.  droga.     2.  medicare. 

Drugget  ;  droghetto. 

Druggist ;  droghiere. 

Druid ;  druido. 

Drum  ;  i .  tamburo,  casso  ; 
Big  — ,  gran  cassa.  2.  tim- 
pano (dell'  orecchio).  3. 
battere  il  tamburo.  4.  — 
out,  cacciare  a  suono  di 
tamburo. 

Drum-barrel ;  tamburo  (oro- 
logio). 

Drum-head  ;  pelle  di  tam- 
buro. 


XXXV111 


DRUMMER— EASY 


Drummer;  tamburino. 
Drumming  ;  rullo  di  tamburo. 
Drum -stick;      bacchetta      di 

tamburo. 
Drunk  ;  ubbriaco,  briaco.     Get 

— ,  ubbriacarsi.      Make   — , 

imbriacare. 

Drunkard ;  ubbriacone. 
Drunkenness ;     ubbriachezza, 

sbornia. 
Dry;    i.    secco,  arido,  asciutto. 

2.    assetato,    sitibondo.      3. 

insipido.     4.    —  land,  terra 

ferma.     5.  seccare,  inaridire, 

asciugare. 
Dryad  ;  driade. 
Drying  ;  seccativo. 
Drying-line ;  stenditoio. 
Drying-place;  seccatoio,  scal- 

datoio. 

Dryness ;  secchezza. 
Dry  rot  ;  il  guastarsi  del  legno. 
Drysalter ;  droghiere. 
Dry-shod  ;  a  piedi  asciutti. 
Dual ;  duale. 
Dub;  i.  rivestire  del  titolo  di. 

i.  armare o  creare (cavaliere). 
Dubious ;  incerto,  equivoco. 
Ducal  ;  id. 
Ducat ;  id. 
Duchess;  duchessa. 
Duchy  ;  ducato. 
Duck;   i.  anatra.     2.  traliccio, 

olonetta.     3. — sand  drakes, 

rimbalzello.     4.   tuffare,   im- 

mergere.     5.   far  inchino. 
Duck-gun ;  spingarda. 
Duckling ;      anitroccolo,    ana- 

trotto. 

Duck-pond ;  pozzanghera. 
Duck-weed  ;  lente  palustre. 
Ducky ;  coricino  mio. 
Duct ;  condotto,  tubo,  canale. 
Ductile  ;  duttile. 
Dudeen  ;  pipetta  corta. 
Dudgeon ;  collera.    In  high  — , 

molto  in  collera. 
Duds ;  cenci,  brandelli. 
Due ;     i.    debito,    dovuto.      2. 

giusto,  convenevole.     3.  op- 

portuno.     4.  voluto.     5.  sca- 


duto,     scadibile,     patjabile ; 

Fall  — ,  scadere  ;  When  — , 

alia  scadenza.     6.    Give  the 

devil    his    — ,    esser    giusti 

anche  col  diavolo. 
Duel ;  duello. 
Duenna ;  donna  attempata. 
Dues;  v.  Duty  (3). 
Duet ;  duetto. 
Duffer;    minchione,  sciocco. 
Dug ;  tetta,  poppa. 
Duke  ;  duca. 
Dulcet ;  dolce. 
Dull;       i.      scipito,     pesante, 

uggioso.      2.    fosco,   smorto, 

scuro.      3.    — •    of    hearing, 

duro  d' orecchio.     4.  ottuso; 

Get  — ,  perdere  il  filo,  ottun- 

dersi.      5.     appannato.       6. 

cupo    (suono).       7.     debole 

(luce).    8.  languido.    9.  Feel 

— ,  annoiarsi.     10.  offuscare, 

istupidire,   ammorzare.      n. 

spuntare,  rintuzzare.    12.  ral- 

lentare  (commercio). 
Dullard  ;  balordo. 
Dully ;  stupidamente. 
Dulness ;  pesantezza,  noiosita. 
Duly  ;  debitamente. 
Dumb ;  muto. 
Dumb     crambo ;     specie     di 

sciarada. 
Dumb-bells ;  manubri  ginnas- 

tici. 

Dumbfounded ;  stordito. 
Dumbness  ;  mutismo. 
Dumbshow  ;  mimica. 
Dumbwaiter ;    scaffaletto,  ser- 

vitore  di  legno. 
Dummy;  i.  muto, mannichino, 

simulacro.     i.  inorto. 
Dump;   i.buttargiii.     i.  ven- 

dere    al    prezzo    di    rinuto. 

3.    Not   to   care  a  — ,   infi- 

schiarsene. 
Dumping-ground  ;  luogo  ove 

si     gettano     i     rihuti    delle 

miniere. 
Dumpling ;     bodino,     gnocco. 

Apple  — ,  pasticcio  cotto  con 

dentro  una  mela. 


Dumps  ;  tristezza,  malinconia. 
Dumpy  ;  corto  e  grasso. 
Dun;    i.  bruno,   rossiccio.      i. 

creditore  importune.    3.  im- 

portunare. 
Dunce  ;  stupido,  goffo,  babbu- 

asso. 

Dunderheaded  ;  balordo. 
Dune ;  duna. 
Dung;       i.     concime,    letame, 

stereo,        stabbio,      bovina. 

2.    concimare. 
Dungeon  ;  prigione  buia. 
Dung-fork;  forcone. 
Dunghill ;  letamaio. 
Dunlin ;  piovanello  pancia  nera. 
Dunnock ;  passera  scopaiola. 
Duodecim-al,  -o  ;  id. 
Dupe;   i.  gonzo,  vittima  d'  un 

inganno.     2.  ingannare,  gab- 
bare. 

Duplex  ;  doppio. 
Duplicate  ;    i.    doppio,  dupli- 
cate.    2.  duplicare. 
Duplicity  ;  id. 
Durable  ;  durevole. 
Durance  ;  prigionia. 
Duration  ;  durata. 
Duress  ;  imprigionamento. 
During;  durante. 
Dusk ;      crepuscolo,     bruzzico. 

In  the  —  of  the  evening,  al 

far  della  notte. 
Duskiness ;  oscurita. 
Dusky;  oscuro,  olivastro. 
Dust;  i.  polvere.   2.  spolverare. 
Dustbin ;    cassetta   della  spaz- 

zatura. 

Dustbrush  ;  scopetta. 
Dustcart ;     carretta   delle   im- 

mondizie. 
Dustcloak,  Dustcoat ;  spolve- 

rina. 
Duster ;   strofinaccio,  canavac- 

cio. 
Dust  heap  ;  monticello  d'  itn- 

mondizia. 
Dusthole ;  buco  delle  immondi- 

zie. 
Dustman  ;     spazzino,    spazza- 

turaio. 


Dustpan  ;  paletta  della  spazza 
tura,  portaspazzature. 

Dust  shot ;  migliarola. 

Dusty  ;  polveroso. 

Dutch  ;  olandese. 

Dutch  auction  ;  specie  d'  in- 
canto  all'  inversa. 

Dutch  clover ;  trifolio  bianco. 

Dutch  courage ;  coraggio  di 
vino. 

Dutch  oven  ;  specie  di  piccolo 
forno  di  latta  da  mettersi 
innanzi  ad  un  fuoco  aperto. 

Dutiable  ;  soggetto  a  dogana. 

Dutiful ;  ubbidiente,  ossequioso, 
rispettoso,  filiale,  sommes- 
so. 

Duty;  i.  dovere.  2.  funzione, 
uffizio ;  Off  — ,  libero  ;  On 
— ,  di  servizio,  in  funzione. 
3.  tassa,  gabella,  dazio,  im- 
posta,  diritto ;  free, 

esente. 

Duumvir ;  duumviro. 

Dwarf;  nano. 

Dwell;  i.  dimorare,  abitare, 
stare.  2.  —  upon,  insistere 
sopra,  fermarsi  su. 

Dweller ;  abitante. 

Dwelling  ;  abitazione,  dimora, 
residenza. 

Dwindle  ;  diminuire,  scemare. 

Dye;  i.  tinta.  2.  colore, 
sfumatura.  3.  tingere. 

Dyeing ;  tintura,  il  tingere. 

Dyer  ;  tintore. 

Dyer's  rocket ;  guada. 

Dyer's  weed  ;  ginestra  de'  tin- 
tori. 

Dyestuff ;  materia  tintoria. 

Dyeworks  ;  tintoria. 

Dying;  i.  morente, moribondo. 
2.  spento. 

Dyke  ;  v.  Dike. 

Dynamic  ;  dinamico. 

Dynamite  ;  dinamite. 

Dynamiter  ;  dinamitardo. 

Dynasty  ;  dinastia. 

Dysentery  ;  dissenteria. 

Dyspepsia ;  dispepsia. 


Each  ;  ciascuno,  ciascheduno. 
—  other,  1'  un  1"  altro,  gli 
uni  gli  altri.  To  love  — 
other,  amarsi.  On  —  side, 
da  tutt'  e  due  le  parti,  dalle 
due  parti,  dalle  due  bande. 

Eager  ;  avido,  ardente,  bramo- 
so,  impaziente. 

Eagle  ;  aquila. 

Eagle  owl ;  gufo  reale. 

Eaglet ;  aquilotto. 

Ear;   i.  orecchio.     2.  spica. 

Earl ;  conte. 

Earldom  ;  contea. 

Early;  i.  primo,  pronto,  solle- 
cito.  i.  primaticcio.  3. 
mattutino.  4.  prossimo. 
5.  presto,  di  buon  ora,  per 
tempo.  Very  — ,  per  tempis- 
simo.  In  the  —  morning,  al 
far  delgiorno.  In — spring, 
al  principio  della  primavera. 
At  the  earliest,  al  piii  presto. 


Earn ;     guadagnare,    meritare, 

acquistare. 
Earnest;    i.  attento,  studioso, 

serio,     premuroso,     fervido. 

2.    caparra.     3.    In  — ,   sul 

serio. 
Earnestness ;    attenzione,    se- 

rieta,  preinura,  diligenza. 
Earnings  ;  salario,  guadagno. 
Ear-piercing  ;  penetrante. 
Earring ;  orecchino. 
Earshot ;  Within  — ,  a  portata 

dell'  orecchio. 
Earth  ;   i.  terra,  terreno,  suolo. 

2.    tana    (di   volpe).     3.   - 

up,  coprir  di  terra. 
Earth-born ;  terrestre. 
Earthen ;    di    terra,    di    terra 

cotta.     —  pan,  terrina. 
Earthenware  ;  vasellame. 
Earthliness  ;  mondanita. 
Earthly  ;  mondano. 
Earth-nut ;  bulbocastano. 


Earthquake  ;  terremoto. 

Earth-slip ;  avvallamento. 

Earthwork;  i.  sterro.  2.  la- 
voro  di  terra. 

Earthworm ;  verme  terrestre, 
lombrico. 

Earthy  ;  terreo,  terroso. 

Ear-trumpet ;  corno  acusti- 
co. 

Ear-wax ;  cerume. 

Earwig;  forbice,  forfecchia. 

Ease ;  i.  facilita,  agevolezza, 
naturalezza.  2.  agio,  agia- 
tezza,  comodita,  benessere. 
3.  disinvoltura.  4.  pace, 
tranquillita,  riposo.  5.  sol- 
lievo,  alleviamento.  6.  At 
— ,  a  bell'  agio,  senza  stento, 
tranquillo  ;  Set  at  — ,  rassi- 
curare. 

7.  sollevare,  alleviare, 
sgravare,  calmare.  8.  alleg- 
gerire.  9.  allentare,  mollare. 


10.  tranquillare.  n.  facili- 
tare.  12.  —  oneself,  andar 
di  corpo. 

Easel ;  cavalletto. 

Easement ;  servitu. 

Easily;  facilmente. 

East ;  est,  oriente.  In  the  — , 
al  levante.  —  wind,  vento 
d'  est. 

Easter ;  pasqua.  •  day, 

giomo  di  pasqua.  Monday 
before  — ,  lunedl  santo.  — 
eve,  sabatosanto.  — week, 
settimana  santa. 

Easterly ;  dell'  est. 

Eastern  ;  orientale,  di  levante. 

Easternmost  ;  piu  a  levante. 

Easy ;  facile,  agevole,  na- 
turale,  agiato,  comodo,  dis- 
involto,  spigliato,  quieto, 
tranquillo.  In  —  circum- 
stances, benestante.  Make 
— ,  calmare. 


EAT— EMIGRANT 


XXXIX 


Eat;      mangiare,      consumare, 

rodere.     —  one's  words,  dis- 

dirsi.     —  up,  ingoiare,  divo- 

rare,  mangiarsi. 

Eatable;   I.  commestibile.     2. 

mangiabile. 
Eater;  mangiatore. 
Eating ;  il  mangiare.    —  apple, 

mela  da  mangiarsi  cruda. 
Eating-house ;     trattoria,    ri- 

storante. 
Eating-house    keeper;    trat- 

tore. 

Eaves ;  grondaia. 
Eavesdropper ;  ascoltatore  (di 

nascosto). 
Eavesdropping;     1'   ascoltare 

segretamente. 

Ebb ;  i.  riflusso  ;  At  a  low  — , 
in  basso  stato.      2.   rifluire. 
3.  scemare,  declinare. 
Ebony;  ebano. 
Ebullition;  id. 
Eccentric;  id. 
Ecclesiastic;  id. 
Echo;   i.  eco.     2.  echeggiare. 
Eclat;  splendore. 
Eclectic ;  eclettico. 
Eclipse;     i.  eclissi.      2.  eclis- 

sare. 

Ecliptic;  eclittica. 
Eclogue;  cgloga. 
Economic ;  economico. 
Economical;  economico. 
Economics ;  economica. 
Economise;  economizzare. 
Economiser ;  persona  frugale. 
Economist ;  economista. 
Ecstasy ;  estasi. 
Ecstatic ;  estatico. 
Eczema;  id. 
Eddy  ;  vortice,  turbine. 
Edelweiss ;  edelvais. 
Edentate ;  sdentato. 
Edge;  i.  taglio,  filo.     2.  orlo, 
margine,  sponda.     3.  orlare. 
4.    Give  an   —  to,   affilare, 
aguzzare.      5.  Set  the  teeth 
on     — ,     allegare     i     denti. 
6.  Take  off  the  edge,  rintuz- 
zare.       7.    --    away,   allon- 
tanarsi  poco  a  poco. 
Edge  tool;  strumento  tagliente. 
Edging ;  orlo,  orlatura,  frangia. 
Edible;  mangiabile. 
Edict;  editto. 
Edify ;  edificare. 
Edile ;  id. 
Edit;  redigere. 
Edition  ;  id. 
Editor;  id.,  redattore.     At  the 

— 's  office,  alia  redazione. 
Editorship ;  impiego  di  redat- 
tore. 

Educ-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Educational ;  di  educazione. 
Educe ;  trarre,  estrarre. 
Eel ;  anguilla. 
Eel-pot ;  nassa. 
Eel-pout;  bottatrice. 
Eel-spear;  fiocina. 
Eerie ;     strano,     da     fata,    da 

strega. 

Efface  ;  cancellare,  far  sparire. 
Effect;     i.    effetto.      2.    — s, 

beni,  roba.     3.  effettuare. 
Effective  ;  effettivo. 
Effectiveness ;  effettualita. 
Effectual;  effettuale. 
Effeminacy ;  effeminatezza. 


Effeminate ;  id. 

Effervesce  ;    essere  in  efferve- 

scenza. 

Effervescen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Effete ;    sterile,  privo  di  forza, 

esausto. 

Efficacious;  efficace. 
Efficacy;  efficacia. 
Efficien-cy,  -t ;  id. 
Effigy  ;  effige. 
Efflorescence ;  id. 
Effluvium  ;  effluvio. 
Efflux;  efflusso. 
Effort ;  sforzo. 
Effrontery ;  sfrontatezza. 
Effulgence ;  splendore. 
Effulgente ;  risplendente. 
Effus-ion,  -ive ;  id. 
Eft ;  specie  di  salamandra  pic- 
cola,  tritone. 

Egg;     i.    uovo.      i.    -  -    on, 
stimolare.     3.    Hard  boiled 
— s,  uova  sode  ;   Soft  boiled 
— s,  uova  al  latte.     4.   But- 
tered — s,  uova  strapazzate. 
5.      White     of     — ,    chiaro 
dell'  uovo. 
Egg-cup;  ovaiolo. 
Egg-flip  ;  zabaione. 
Egg-plant;  melanzana. 
Egg-shell ;  guscio  d"  ovo. 
Eglantine ;  rosa  canina. 
Egois-m,  -t,  -tic  ;  id. 
Egregious;  egregio. 
Egress ;  uscita. 
Egret;  i.  pennacchio.     2.  sgar- 

zetta. 

Egyptian ;  egiziano. 
Eider-down;  piumino. 
Eider-duck ;  eider. 
Eight;  otto. 
Eighteen ;  diciotto. 
Eighteenth ;  diciottesimo,  deci- 

mottavo. 

Eightfold;  ottuplo. 
Eighth;  ottavo. 
Eightieth ;  ottantesimo. 
Eighty ;  ottanta. 
Either;  o. 

Ejaculate;  esclamare. 
Ejaculatory   prayer;  giacula- 

toria. 

Eject;  i.  gettar  fuori.  2. 
spossessare,  cacciare,  espel- 
lere. 

Ejection  ;  eiezione. 
Ejector ;  eiettore. 
Eke ;    i.    anche.      2.    —  out, 

supplire  a,   prolungare. 
Elabor-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Elapse  ;  trascorrere. 
Elastic,  -ity;  id. 
Elated ;  inorgoglito,  esaltato. 
Elation ;  insuperbimento,  esalta- 

zione. 

Elbow;  i.  gomito.  2.  angolo. 
3.  dar  gomitate.  4.  Out  at 
— s,  in  dissesto,  nelle  strette. 
;.  —  out,  scacciare  a  forza 
di  gomitate. 

Elbow-rest ;  appoggiatoio. 
Elbow-room ;     agio,     spazio. 
To   have   — ,  aver   le    mani 
libere. 
Elder;    i.  maggiore,  antenato. 

i.  anziano.     3.  sambuco. 
Eldest;  primogenito. 
Elecampane ;  enula. 
Elect;  i.  eletto.     2.  eligere. 
Election;  eiezione. 


Electioneering ;  di  eiezione, 
di  voti,  broglio  elettorale, 
intrighi  nell'  eiezione. 

Elective ;  elettivo. 

Elector,  -al,  -ate;  eiettore, 
•ale,  -ato. 

Electric ;  elettrico. 

Electrician  ;  elettricista. 

Electricity ;  elettricita. 

Electrify ;  elettrizzare. 

Electro-  (in  compounds)  ;  elet- 
tro-. 

Electrolier ;  lampadario  a  luce 
elettrica. 

Eleemosynary ;   elemosinario. 

Elegan-ce,  -t;  id. 

Eleg-iac,  -y;  id. 

Element,  -ary  ;  id. 

Elemental ;  fondamentale. 

Elephant ;  elefante. 

Elephant-driver;  conduttore 
d'  elefante. 

Elephanti-asis,  -ne ;  id. 

Elev-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Elevator;  id.,  ascensore. 

Eleven ;  undici. 

Eleventh ;  undecimo. 

Elf;  fata,  silfide. 

Elfin;  i.  folletto.  2.  marmoc- 
chio. 

Elf-lock;  riccio  intricciato  da 
folletti. 

Elicit ;  far  uscire,  cavare,  far 
emergere. 

Elide;  id. 

Eligi-ble,  -bility;  eleggibil-e, 
-ita. 

Elimin-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Elision ;  id. 

Elite  ;  fiore. 

Elixir ;  elisir. 

Elizabethan  ;  del  tempo  d'  Eli- 
sabetta. 

Elk;  alee. 

Ell ;  auna. 

Ellipse;  ellisse. 

Ellipsis;  ellissi. 

Ellipsoid ;  id. 

Elliptical ;  ellittico. 

Elm  ;  olmo. 

Elm  plantation;  olmeto. 

Elocution ;  (',/. 

Elongate ;  allungare. 

Elongation;  i.  allungamenlo. 
2.  elungazione. 

Elope ;  fuggire,  scappare. 

Elopement ;  fuga. 

Eloquen-ce,  -t ;  id. 

Else;  i.  altro.  Anybody  — , 
qualunque  altro,  qualunque 
altra  persona  ;  Anything  — , 
qualunque  altra  cosa  ;  Any- 
thing—  ?  e  altro?  Every- 
thing— ,  tutto  fuori  diquesto ; 
Everywhere  — ,  in  ogni  altro 
dove ;  Nobody  — ,  No  one 
— ,  nessun  altro,  nessuno 
fuori  di  lui ;  Nothing  — , 
null'  altro,  niente  altro, 
niente  di  altro,  niente  di 
piii ;  Nowhere  — ,  in  nessun 
altro  luogo  ;  Or  — ,  altri- 
menti,  senza  di  che  ;  Some- 
body — -,  qualche  altro, 
qualche  altra  persona ;  Sottte- 
where  — ,  altrove,  in  qualche 
altro  luogo ;  What  —  ? 
qua!'  altra  cosa,  qual  altro, 
che  di  piu?  Whatever 
— ,  qualunque  altra  cosa, 


qualunque  altro  ;  Wherever 
— ,  dovunque  altro,  in  qua- 
lunquealtro luogo;  Wherever 

—  ?  in  che  altro  luogo  mai  ? 

Who  — ?    chi  fuori  di   lui? 

Whoever  — ,  chiunque  altro. 
Else ;  2.  altrimenti. 
Elsewhere  ;  altrove. 
Elucidate ;  dilucidare. 
Elude;  id. 
Elusive ;    fuggevole,    inganne- 

vole. 

Elysian;  eliseo. 
Elytron;  elitra. 
Emaciate ;  id.,  dimagrire. 
Eman-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Emancip-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Emasculate ;     castrare,    sner- 

vare. 

Embalm ;  imbalsamare. 
Embank ;  arginare. 
Embankment;  terrapieno,  al- 

zata,  rialto,  arginamento. 
Embarcation ;  imbarco. 
Embargo;       id.,      sequestro, 

divieto  d'  uscita  da  un  porto. 
Embark;  imbarcare. 
Embarrass ;    imbarazzare,  im- 

picciare. 

Embarrassment ;  imbarazzo. 
Embassy ;  ambasciata. 
Embattle ;  schierare. 
Embay ;  chiudere  in  una  baia. 
Embed ;     incastonare,    posare, 

fissare,  piantare. 
Embellish ;  abbellire. 
Ember    days;    quattro    tem- 

pora. 

Embers ;  ceneri,  brace. 
Embezzle;  appropriarsi,  rubare, 

rubacchiare. 
Embezzlement ;       appropria- 

zione  indebita,  ruberia. 
Embitter ;       rendere      amaro, 

amareggiare,  inasprire. 
Emblem,     -atic;     emblem-a, 

•atico. 
Embodiment;    incorporamen- 

to. 

Embody ;  incorporare. 
Embolden ;  incoraggiare,  dare 

animo,  imbaldanzire. 
Embosom;     tenere    in    seno, 

stringere  contro  il  seno. 
Emboss  ;    lavorare  di  rilievo, 

coprire  di   bozze   o   di   pro- 
tube  ranze. 
Embrace;    i.   abbraccio,  am- 

plesso.     2.    abbracciare.     3. 

comprendere. 

Embranchment;  diramazione. 
Embrasure;  strombatura,  vano 

(di    finestra),   troniera,    can- 

noniera. 

Embrocation;  id. 
Embroider;  ricamare. 
Embroidery;  ricamo. 
Embroil ;  imbrogliare,  ingarbu- 

gliare. 

Embryo;  embrion-e,  -ale. 
Emend  ;  emendare. 
Emendation ;  emenda. 
Emerald ;  smeraldo. 
Emerge  ;  id. 
Emergence ;  apparizione. 
Emergency;  emergenza,  emer- 

gente. 

Emery;  smeriglio. 
Emetic ;  id. 
Emigr-ant,  -ate,  -ation;  id. 


xl 


EMINENCE— ENTICE 


Eminen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Emir;  emiro. 
Emiss-ary,  -ion ;  id. 
Emit;   i.  emettere.    2.  esalare. 
Emmet ;  formica. 
Emollient ;  id. 
Emolument ;  id. 
Emotion ;  id. 
Empanel ;  costituire. 
Emperor;  imperatore. 
Emphasis  ;  enfasi. 
Emphasize;  insistereconforza, 

con  enfasi. 

Emphatic ;  enfatico. 
Empire ;  impero. 
Empirical;  empirico. 
Employ;  i.  impiego,  funzione ; 

Keep  in  one  s  — ,  tenere  in 

servizio.    2.  impiegare,  usare, 

occupare,  adoperare.     3.  - 

oneself,  adoperarsi,  prestarsi. 
Employee ;  impiegato. 
Employer ;     padrone,    princi- 

pale,  maestro. 
Employment ;  lavoro. 
Emporium ;  emporio. 
Empower ;      autorizzare,     dar 

potere. 

Empress ;  imperatrice. 
Emptiness;      vacuita,      veto, 

lacuna,  mancanza. 
Empty  ;   i.  vuoto,  vano,  vacuo. 

i.  vuotare. 
Empty-handed;      a      mani 

vuote. 

Empyrean ;  empireo. 
Emul-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Emulous ;  emulo. 
Emulsion ;  id. 
Enable;    metter  in  grado,  far 

capace,  abilit^re. 
Enact ;  decretare,  stabilire,  far 

una  legge. 

Enactment ;  legge,  decreto. 
Enamel ;   i.  smalto.     2.  smal- 

tare. 
Enamell-er, -ing;  smalt-atore, 

-atura. 

Enamoured ;  innamorato. 
Encamp;  accamparsi. 
Encampment ;     accampamen- 

to. 

Encase  ;  rinchiudere. 
Encasement ;  involucre. 
Encash ;  incassare. 
Encaustic ;  id. 
Enceinte  ;  incinta. 
Enchant ;  incantare. 
Enchanter ;  incantatore. 
Enchanting ;  incantevole. 
Enchantment ;  incanto. 
Enchase ;      incastrare,     cesel- 

lare. 

Encircle  ;  circondare,  cingere. 
Enclose;  i.  chiudere.     2.    in- 

chiudere,  accludere.      3.  av- 

volgere. 
Enclosure;    i.    chiuso,  cinta, 

recinto.    2.  chiusura.    3.  ac- 

cluso,  contenuto. 
Encomium ;  encomio. 
Encompass ;  circondare. 
Encore;    i.   bis.     i.  bissare. 
Encounter;  i.  incontro,  scon- 

tro,    avvisaglia,    zuffa.       2. 

cozzo,  urto.      3.  incontrare, 

affrontare. 

Encourage  ;  incoraggiare. 
Encouragingly;   in  raodo  in- 

coraggiante. 


Encroach ;  intaccare.  —  upon, 
estendersi  sopra,  usurpare, 
invadere. 

Encroachment ;  usurpazione, 
1'  estendersi. 

Encumber;  ingombrare. 

Encumbrance;  i.  ingombro. 
2.  carico,  debito,  ipoteca. 

Encyclical ;  enciclico. 

Encyclopaedia ;  enciclopedia. 

End;  i.  fine,  (ermine,  esito. 
2.  capo.  3.  fine,  scopo, 
mira,  intento.  4.  At  an  — , 
finito,  cessato.  5.  At  the  — 
of  this  street,  in  capo  a 
questa  strada ;  At  the  —  of 
this  year,  alia  fine  dell'  anno. 

6.  To  the  —  that,  affinche. 

7.  Make  an  —  of,  spacciare, 
spedire.       8.     Be    at   one's 
wit's  — ,  non  saper  che  fare. 
9.   Have  at  one's  fingers'  — s, 
aver    su    per    le   dita.       10. 
Without      — ,      sempiterno. 
ii.   Stand  on  — ,  drizzarsi. 

12.   finire,  terminare;    To 

—  the  matter,  per  finirla. 
Endanger;  arrischiare. 
Endear ;  render  caro. 
Endearing;  amorevole. 
Endearment;  carezza,  amore- 

volezza. 

Endeavour;  i.  sforzo,  tenta- 
tive. 2.  cercare,  sforzarsi, 

ten tare. 

Endemic ;  endemico. 
Ending;      i.     fine.       2.     de- 

sinenza.     3.  Never — ,  senza 

fine. 

Endive ;  indivia. 
Endless  ;  senza  fine.    —  chain, 

catena  continua.     —  screw, 

vite  perpetua. 
Endorse;        i.      scrivere    sul 

rovescio.     2.  girare  ;  —  over, 

girare  in  favored!.     3.  sotto- 

scrivere  a,  appoggiare,  essere 

della  stessa  opinione. 
Endorsement;    i.  girata.     2. 

sanzione. 

Endorser;  giratore. 
Endow;  dotare. 
Endowment;     i.     dotazione. 

2.    dono,  talento. 
Endurable ;  sopportabile. 
Endurance;        i.     tolleranza, 

pazienza.       2.     durata.      3. 

forza  di  resistenza. 
Endure;  i.  sopportare.    i.  du- 

rare. 

Enduring;  durevole. 
Eneid ;  eneide. 
Enema ;  clistere,  serviziale. 
Enemy  ;  nimico. 
Energetic  ;  energico. 
Energise  ;  dare  energia. 
Energy;  id. 
Enervate ;      snervare,    debili- 

tare. 
Enervation ;    snervatezza,   in- 

debolimento. 
Enfeeble ;  indebolire. 
Enfeeblement;     indebolimen- 

to. 

Enfeoff;  infeudare. 
Enfilade ;  infilzare,  infilare. 
Enfold ;  avvolgere,  stringere. 
Enforce;   i.  rafforzare,  appog- 

ginre.      i.   metter  in    vigore, 

far  eseguire,  far  ubbidire. 


Enforceable ;  che  si  pu6  far 
eseguire,  eseguibile,  imponi- 
bile. 

Enforcement ;  esecuzione  ri- 
gorosa  (d'  una  legge). 

Enfranchise;  i.  affrancare. 
2.  conferire  il  diritto  elet- 
torale,  dare  il  voto  a. 

Enfranchisement;  i.affranca- 
mento.  2.  dono  del  voto. 

Engage;  i.  impegnare,legare. 
2.  prendere  a  servizio.  3. 
prometter  in  matrimonio. 
4.  incastrare.  5.  attaccare, 
combatlere,  ingaggiarsi.  6. 
occupare.  7.  attrarre,  cat- 
tivare,  fissare.  8.  — d(fora 
dance),  invitato. 

Engagement;  i.  promessa  di 
matrimonio,  fidanzamento. 
2.  impegno,  obbligo,  occu- 
pazione;  Have  — s,  esser 
occupato  ;  Have  an  — , 
essersi  promesso.  3.  com- 
battimento,  avvisaglia. 

Engagement-ring;  anello  di 
fidanzamento. 

Engaging ;  altraente,  simpa- 
tico.  —  manners,  modi 
avvincenti. 

Engender  ;  generare. 

Engine ;  macchina,  locomo- 
tiva. 

Engine-driver;  macchinista. 

Engineer ;  i.  ingegnere,  mac- 
chinista ;  Government  — , 
ingegnere  di  ponte  e  strade  ; 
The  •  -  corps,  il  genio. 
2.  macchinare,  metter  in- 
sieme. 

Engineering;  ingegneria,  ge- 
nio, meccanica. 

Engine-guard ;  scoparotaie. 

Engine-room  ;  stanza  delle 
macchine. 

Engine-turn;  rabescare. 

England ;   Inghilterra. 

English ;  inglese. 

Engorgement ;  ripienezza. 

Engraft ;  innestare. 

Engrav-e,  -er,  -ing ;  inci-dere, 
-sore,  -sione. 

Engross;  i.  occupare  intera- 
mente,  occupare  tutto.  i.  far 
copiadiatto  legate.  3.  mono- 
polizzare. 

Engrossment ;  copia  auten- 
tica. 

Engulf;  assorbire,  ingoiare. 
To  be  — ed,  ingolfarsi. 

Enhance ;  aumentare,  far  ri- 
saltare,  spiccare. 

Enhancement ;  aumento,  ri- 
salto,  rialzo,  rincaro. 

Enigma ;  enimma. 

Enjoin;  ingiungere. 

Enjoy ;     godere,    gioire. 

oneself,  divertirsi,  ralle- 
grarsi,  godersela,  darsi  buon 
tempo. 

Enjoyable ;  ameno,  gradevole. 

Enjoyment ;  godimento,  uso. 

Enlarge;  i.  ingrandire.  2. 
stendersi,  dilatarsi. 

Enlargement ;  ingrandimento. 

Enlighten ;  rischiarare,  istruire. 

Enlist;  i.  arruolare.  2.  catti- 
varsi. 

Enlistment ;  arruolamento. 

Enliven  ;  animare,  vivificare. 


Enlivening;  esilarante. 
Enmity  ;  inimicizia. 
Ennoble;  nobilitare. 
Ennui ;  noia. 
Enormity ;  iJ. 
Enormous;  enorme. 
Enough;     i.    abbastanza,    ba- 

stantemente ;       To    be    — , 

bastare.     i.  as  st>.,  il  neces- 

sario,  il  bastevole. 
Enquire;  chiedere,  domandare. 
Enquiry ;  inchiesta,  domanda. 
Enrage ;     irritare,     far    arrab- 

biare,  metter  in  collera. 
Enrapture  ;    empire   di  gioia. 

To  be  — d,  estasiarsi. 
Enrich  ;  arricchire. 
Enroll ;  arruolare,  registrare. 
Enrolment ;    iscrizione,   regis- 

trazione. 

Ensconce;  rimpiattare. 
Enshrine;      mettere     nel     re- 

liquario,    rinchiudere     come 

cosa  santa. 
Ensign ;  bandiera. 
Ensile  ;  riporre  in  una  fossa. 
Enslave ;      assoggettare,      fare 

schiavo. 
Enslavement  ;        assoggetta- 

mento. 

Ensnare  ;  accalappiare. 
Ensue  ;  seguire. 
Entablature ;    cornicione,   tra- 

beazione. 
Entail  ;    i.  sostituzione,  maio- 

rasco.      2.  sostituire.     3.  ca- 

gionare,  portare  con  se. 
Entangle ;  aggrovigliolare,  ar- 

ruffare,      avviluppare,      im- 

brogliare,  impigliare. 
Entanglement ;  impiccio,  con- 

fusione,  arruffio. 
Enter;    i.  entrare.      2.  inscri- 

vere,  registrare.     3.   portare 

(sul  conto  di).     4.  intentare. 

5.    fare  (una  domanda).     6. 
—  upon,   intrapremlere,   in- 

tavolare.    7.  —  into,  prender 

parte ;    —    into   possession, 

prender  possesso. 
Entering ;  ingresso. 
Enterprise ;  impresa. 
Enterprising ;  intraprendente, 

coraggioso. 
Entertain;     i.    ospitare,   con- 

vitare,  dar   un  banchetto  a, 

ricevere.      2.    divertire.      3. 

accogliere,  ammettere  (un1  i- 

dea).      4.    avere,    concepire 

(dubbio). 
Entertainer;     i.    trattenitore, 

ospite,   amfitrione.      2.  per- 
sona che   fa   il   mestiere   di 

divertire. 
Entertaining;    piacevole,   di- 

vertente. 
Entertainment;  i.  banchetto. 

2.   trattenimento,  accoglien- 

za,   ricevimento.      3.    passa- 

tempo,  divertimento,  spetta- 

colo. 
Enthral;    fare  schiavo.     — led 

by,  devoto,  dedito  a. 
Enthrone;    mettere  sul  trono, 

intronizzare  (vescovo). 
Enthusiasm  ;  entusiasmo. 
Enthusiast ;  entusia^ta. 
Enthusiastic ;       entusiastico. 

Render  — ,  enuisiasmare. 
Entice ;  sedurre,  allettare. 


ENTICEMENT— EVENLY 


xli 


Enticement ;  allettamento. 

Entire;  intero. 

Entitle  ;       i.     intitolare.       i. 

qualificare.     3.  dar  diritto. 
Entity;  id. 
Entomb;  seppellire. 
Entomology;  id. 
Entrails ;  interiora. 
Entrain ;  imbarcare. 
Entrainment ;  imbarco. 
Entrance;   i.  ingresso.     2.  — 

fee,  entratura. 
Entrance;    i.  immergere  in  un 

sonno  letargico.     2.  Be  — d, 

non   stare  in  se  dalla  gioia, 

estasiarsi. 

Entrance-hall;  vestibolo. 
Entrap ;  trappolare. 
Entreat ;  supplicare. 
Entreaty;  supplica. 
Entree;  entrtt,  piatto  di  mezzo. 
Entree-dish;  piatto  per  servire 

il  primo  piatto. 

Entremets ;  seconda  portata. 
Entrepdt ;  emporio. 
Entresol ;  mezzanine. 
Entry;     i.    ingresso,    entrata, 

accesso.       2.    scrittura,    par- 
tita. 

Entwine ;  intrecciare. 
Enumer-ate,   -ation,   -ator; 

id. 

Enunci-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Envelop ;  avviluppare. 
Envelope;     i.    busta.      2.    in- 

volucro,  involto. 
Envelopment ;  avviluppamen- 

to. 

Envenom  ;  avvelenare. 
Enviable ;  invidiabile. 
Envious  ;  invidioso,  geloso. 
Environ ;  circondare. 
Environment ;     i.    circostan- 

ze.  i.  i  familiari. 
Environs ;  dintorni. 
Envoy;  inviato,  legato,  dele- 

gato. 
Envy;   i.   invidia,  gelosia.     2. 

portar  invidia,  invidiare. 
Eolian;  eolico. 
Epaulette ;  spallina. 
Epergne  ;  trionfo  (da  tavola). 
Ephemera ;  efiimera. 
Ephemeral ;  effimero. 
Ephemeris ;  efiemeride. 
Ephod;  efod. 
Ephor;  eforo. 

Epic ;  epico.    —  poetry,  epica. 
Epicure ;  ghiotto,  epicureo. 
Epicurean ;  epicureo. 
Epicycle;  epiciclo. 
Epidemic;    i.    epidem-ia.     2. 

— ico. 

Epidermis ;  epidermide. 
Epiglottis ;  epiglotta. 
Epigram  ;  epigramma. 
Epigraph  ;  epigrafe. 
Epilepsy;    epilessia,    mal    ca- 

duco. 
Epileptic;    epilettico.      —  fit, 

accesso  d'  epilessia,  mal  ca- 

duco. 

Epilogue ;  epilogo. 
Epiphany ;  Epifania,  Befana. 
Episcopacy ;  vescovato. 
Episcopal ;  vescovale. 
Episcopate ;  vescovato. 
Episode;  episodic. 
Epistle ;  epistola. 
Epistyle ;  epistilio. 

H. 


Epitaph ;  epitaffio. 
Epithalamium ;  epitalamio. 
Epithet ;  epiteto. 
Epitome ;     id.,    sunto,     som- 

mario. 

Epitomise;  epitomare. 
Epizootic;  id. 
Epoch ;  epoca. 

Epoch-making;  che  fa  epoca. 
Epode;  epodo. 
Epopee ;  epopea. 
Epsom   salts;    sal  d'  Inghil- 

terra. 

Equable ;  id. 
Equal;     i.    uguale,   pari.      2. 

imparziale,  giusto.     3.  —  to, 

capace   di,    pari    a,    atto    a, 

all'  altezza  di.      4.   uguagli- 

are. 

Equalise;  agguagliare. 
Equality ;      i.     ugualita.       2. 

uguaglianza. 
Equally;    ugualmente,    impar- 

zialmente. 
Equanimity;  id. 
Equate  ;  mettere  alia  pari. 
Equat-ion,  -or,  -orial;  id. 
Equerry;  cavallerizzo. 
Equestrian ;  equestre. 
Equi-angular,  -distant, 

-lateral,  -librium ;   id. 
Equine ;  id. 
Equinox ;  equinozio. 
Equip;  equipaggiare,  allestire, 

armare,  corredare,  fornire. 
Equipage;  equipaggio. 
Equipment ;  equipaggiamento, 

armamento,  corredo,  allesti- 

mento. 

Equipoise;  equilibrio. 
Equipollent ;  id. 
Equitable ;  giusto,  equo. 
Equity;  id. 
Equivalen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Equivocal ;  equivoco. 
Equivocate;    id.,    nascondere 

la  verita  con  equivochi. 
Equivocation;    menzogna   di- 

cendo  cio  che  letteralmente 

puo  esser  vero,  6nta. 
Era;  id. 
Eradicate ;      sradicare,     estir- 

pare. 
Erase ;   cancellare,  dar  di  fre- 

go  a. 
Eraser;    raschino,   gomma  da 

radere,  grattino. 
Erasure ;  cancellatura,  frega. 
Ere;  prima,  prima che.   — now, 

gia,  prima  d'  adesso.   —  long, 

fra  breve,  frappoco. 
Erect;   i.  dritto,  ritto,  in  piedi, 

con  la  testa  alta.     2.  erigere. 
Erectile;  erettile. 
Erection ;  erezione. 
Erectness ;  posizione  dritta. 
Eremite;  eremita. 
Erewhile  ;  gia,  d'  altri  tempi. 
Ergot ;  sprone,  granosprone. 
Ermine;  ermellino. 
Erode ;  corrodere. 
Erotic;  id. 
Err;  errare,  sbagliare. 
Errand ;    messaggio,    commis- 

sione. 
Errand-boy;  fattorino,  galop- 

pino. 

Errant ;  ramingo,  girovago. 
Erratic;   id.,   errante,  disordi- 

nato,  eccentrico. 


Erring ;  fuorviato,  traviato, 
smarrito. 

Erroneous ;  erroneo. 

Error;  errore,  sbaglio. 

Eructation ;  eruttazione. 

Erud-ite,  -ition;  id. 

Eruption ;  eruzione. 

Eruptive;  eruttivo. 

Eryngo ;  cringe. 

Erysipelas;  risipola. 

Escalade  ;  scalata. 

Escapade;  scappata. 

Escape ;  i.  itiga,  scappata, 
evasione,  scampo.  2.  appa- 
recchio  di  salvataggio.  3. 
scampare,  fuggire,  schivare, 
scappare,  salvarsi,  rifugiarsi. 
4.  To  have  a  narrow  — , 
scapparla  bella.  5.  —  one's 
memory,  sfuggire  alia  me- 
moria.  6.  —  from  prison, 
evadere.  7.  He  narrowly 
— d  being  killed,  poco  manco 
che  non  fosse  ucciso.  8.  This 
word  — d  him,  questa  parola 
gli  scappo  dalle  labbra ;  This 
word  — d  his  notice,  questa 
parola  gli  sfuggi. 

Escapement ;  scappamento. 

Escarpment;  i.  scarpa.  2. 
erta,  ripidezza. 

Eschatology;  escatologia. 

Escheat;  scadere,  toccare. 

Eschew;  evitare. 

Escort;  i.  scorta.  2.  scor- 
tare. 

Escritoire;  scrittoio. 

Esculent;  id. 

Escurial;  id. 

Escutcheon;  stemma,  scudo. 

Espalier;  spalliera. 

Esparto;  sparto. 

Especially;  specialmente,sopra 
tutto. 

Espionage ;  spionaggio. 

Esplanade  ;  spianata. 

Espousal;  i.  sposalizio.  2. 
adozione. 

Espouse;  i.  sposare.  2.  ab- 
bracciare  (una  professione,  un 
partito). 

Esprit-de-corps ;  spirito  di 
corpo. 

Espy;  scorgere. 

Esquimo;  eschimese. 

Esquire ;  signore. 

Essay;  i.  saggio,  prova.  2. 
sforzo,  tentative.  3.  ten- 
tare. 

Essayist ;  autore  di  saggi. 

Essen-ce,  -tial;  id. 

Establish;  stabilire. 

Establishment;  i.  stabili- 
mento.  2.  casa  (signorile). 

Estafette;  staffetta. 

Estate;  i.  stato,  grado;  Man's 
— ,  eta  virile.  2.  proprieta, 
beni,  possedimento,  terra, 
stabile.  3.  — s,  corpo  legis- 
lative. 

Estate-agent ;  i.  fattore,  in- 
tendente.  2.  agente  di  beni 
stabili. 

Estate-office;  intendenza. 

Esteem;  i.  stima,  conto, 
opinione ;  In  high  — ,  molto 
stimato ;  Hold  in  high  — , 
aver  della  stima  per.  2. 
stimare. 

Estimable;  stimabile. 


Estimate;  i.  stima,  apprezza- 
mento,  opinione.  2.  preven- 
tive ;  — s,  bilancio  preventive 
dello  Stato.  3.  stimare,  ap- 
prezzare,  valutare. 

Estimation;  stima,  valutazione, 
giudizio. 

Estop;  impedire  (per  ragioni 
provenienti  dallo  stato  della 
persona  stessa). 

Estoppel;  eccezione perentoria. 

Estovers ;  cio  che  si  taglia  per 
uso  personale  senza  diritto  di 
fame  mercato. 

Estrade ;  impiantito  piu  alto 
del  pavimento. 

Estrange;  alienare,  allontanare. 
To  be  — d,  non  esser  piu 
amici. 

Estrangement ;  alienazione, 
diventare  stranieri  1'  uno 
all'  altro. 

Estreat ;  estratto  autentico. 

Estuary;  id. 

Etch,  -ing;  inci-dere,  -sione, 
all'  acqua  forte. 

Etcher;  acquafortista. 

Etching-needle;  bulino. 

Eternal ;  eterno. 

Ether;  etere. 

Ethereal ;  etereo. 

Etherealise ;  raffinarsi  in  som- 
mo  grado,  spiritualizzarsi. 

Ethic-al, -s;   etic-o, -a. 

Ethnic;  etnico. 

Ethnologist ;  etnologo. 

Etiology;  id. 

Etiquette;  etichetta. 

Etna ;  scaldino. 

Etui ;  astuccio. 

Etymology;  etimologia. 

Eucalyptus  ;  eucalipto. 

Eucharist;  cucaristia. 

Eulog-ist,  -istic,  -ize,  -y; 
elog-ista,  -islico,  -iare,  -io. 

Eunuch;  eunuco. 

Euonymus ;  evonimo. 

Euphemism ;  eufemismo. 

Euphon-ic,  -y;  eufoni-co,  -a. 

Euphuism ;  eufuismo. 

Evacu-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Evade ;  id. ,  schivare. 

Evaluate;  determinare il  valore 
di. 

Evanescen-ce,  -t ;  id. 

Evangel-ical,  -ist,  -isation, 
-ise;  evangel-ico,  -ista,  -izza- 
zione,  -izzare. 

Evaporate;  svaporare. 

Evas-ion,  -ive;  id. 

Eve ;  vigilia. 

Even;  i.  sera.  2.  uguale,  unito, 
piano.  3.  pari.  4.  —  with, 
a  livello  di,  al  pari  con.  5. 
anche,  anco,  fino,  persino, 
pure,  foss'  anche.  6.  Not  — , 
nemmeno,  neanche.  7.  — , 
though,  quand'  anche.  8. 
—  now,  or'  ora.  9.  —  so, 
giusto  cosi.  to.  appianare, 
agguagliare. 

Evenhanded ;  imparziale. 

Evening;  sera,  serata.  This 
— ,  stasera.  To-morrow  — , 
domani  sera.  Qood  — , 
buona  sera.  —  dress,  vestito 
da  sera.  •  -  party,  serala, 
ricevimento. 

Evening  primrose ;  onagra. 

Evenly;  ugualmente. 

F 


xlii 


EVEN-MINDED—EXPOSTULATION 


Even-minded;  d'umor  uguale. 

Evenness ;  ugualita. 

Event;  i.  evento,  avvenimento, 

caso ;    At   all   — s,    in   ogni 

evento,    in    ogni    caso.       i. 

esito,  risultato. 
Eventful ;     pieno    d'    avveni- 

menti. 

Eventual ;  id. 
Ever ;   mai,   sempre.     For  — , 

persempre.  — after,  d' allora 

in   poi.      —  since,   da   quel 

tempo  in  qua,   dipoi,  dopo, 

dache.  — since  seven  o'clock, 

fino  dalle  sette. 
Evergreen ;  sempreverde. 
Everlasting;     i.    sempiterno. 

i.  sempreviva,  perpetuini. 
Everlasting  pea;    pisello  dei 

siepi. 

Evermore ;  sempre  mai. 
Eversion ;  rovesciatura. 
Everted ;  rovesciato. 
Every;    ogni,    tutto,    ognuno. 

—    other    day,    ogni     altro 

giorno.      —  other  man  you 

meet   is...,   tra   ogni  coppia 

che   s'  incontra  sulla  strada 

uno  e.... 

Everybody;  ognuno,  tutti. 
Everything ;  ogni  cosa,  tutto. 
Everywhere ;  da  per  tutto. 
Evict ;  evincere,  spossessare. 
Eviction ;  evizione. 
Evidence;   testimonianza,  evi- 

denza,  prova. 
Evident;  id.,  chiaro. 
Evil;  i.  cattivo,  malvagio,  per- 

verso.     2.  male,  calamita. 
Evildoer;  malfattore. 
Evil-minded ;     mai    disposto, 

malvagio,  malizioso. 
Evil-speaking ;     maldicen-te, 

-za. 

Evince ;  mostrare. 
Eviscerate ;  sviscerare. 
Evo-ke,     -cation ;     evoc-are, 

-azione. 

Evolute;  sviluppata. 
Evol-ve,    -ution ;     evol-vere, 

-uzione. 
Evulsion;  id. 
Ewe ;    pecora.      —  lamb,   ag- 

nella. 

Ewer;  brocca. 
Ex-;  smesso,  r.  Ex-king. 
Exacerbate ;  esacerbare. 
Exact ;   i.  esatto.     2.  esigere. 
Exaction ;  esazione,  estorsione. 
Exactly;  giusto,  precisamente, 

appunto,  esattamente. 
Exactness;  esattezza. 
Exaggerate ;  esagerare. 
Exalt ;  esaltare,  innalzare. 
Examination;    i.   esame.      2. 

interrogatorio. 
Examine ;  esaminare,  visitare, 

perquisire. 
Examiner;  esaminatore,  ispet- 

tore,  giudice  istruttore. 
Example ;  esempio,  esamplare, 

modello. 

Exarch ;  esarca. 
Exasperate ;  esasperare. 
Excavate ;  scavare. 
Excavation ;  scavo,  sterro. 
Excavator;  scavatore. 
Exceed ;  eccedere,  oltrepassare. 
Exceedingly ;  eccessivamente. 
Excel ;  eccellere,  sorpassare. 


Excellen-ce,    -t ;    eccellen-za, 

-te. 

Except;  i.  eccetto,  fuorche, 
salvo  che,  fuor  di,  infuori. 
2.  eccettuare. 

Exception ;  eccezione.  Take 
— ,  trovar  a  redire,  aver  a 
male. 

Exceptionable ;  criticabile. 

Exceptional ;  eccezionale. 

Exceptionally ;  in  modo  ecce- 
zionale. 

Excerpt ;  brano,  squarcio. 

Excess ;  eccesso,  eccedenza, 
eccedente. 

Exchange ;  i.  cambio ;  — 
office,  cambio-moneta,  cam- 
bia-valute.  2.  permuta,  ba- 
ratto.  3.  Borsa.  4.  Bill  of 
— ,  cambiale.  5.  cambiare, 
permutare,  barattare. 

Exchangeable ;  cambiabile, 
permutabile. 

Exchequer;  tesoro  regio.  — 
bill,  bono  del  tesoro.  Chan- 
cellor of  the  — ,  cancelliere 
dello  scacchiere. 

Excisable;  daziabile,  gabella- 
bile. 

Excise ;  i.  imposte  dirette, 
dazio  consumo,  tassa  sulle 
bibite.  2.  recidere,  resecare, 
scancellare. 

Exciseman ;  impiegato  della 
Regia. 

Excision ;  recisione,  reseca- 
zione,  lo  scancellare. 

Excit-ability,  -able,  -ant, 
-ative ;  eccit-abilita  ecc. 

Excite ;  eccitare,  destare,  stimo- 
lare,  aizzare. 

Excitement ;  eccitamento,  sti- 
molo,  agitazione. 

Exciter ;  istigatore,  provoca- 
tore. 

Exclaim ;  esclamare,  gridare. 

Exclamation ;  esclamazione. 
Point  of  — ,  punto  d'  escla- 
mazione. 

Exclude ;  escludere. 

Exclus-ion,  -ive;  esclus-ione, 
-ivo. 

Excogitate  ;  escogitare. 

Excommunic-ate,  -ation ; 
scomunic-are,  -a. 

Excoriate ;  escoriare. 

Excrement ;  escremento. 

Excrescence ;  escrescenza. 

Excreta;  escrementi. 

Excrete  ;  operare  1'  escrezione, 
secernere. 

Excretion;  escrezione. 

Excretory ;  escre-tore,  -torio. 

Excruciating ;  crucciante,  do- 
lorosissimo. 

Exculpate;  scolpare. 

Exculpation  ;  discolpa. 

Excursion ;     scorreria,    escur- 
sione,  gita.     —  train,  treno 
•    di  piacere. 

Excursive ;  digressive. 

Excusable ;  scusabile. 

Excuse;  i.  scusa.  i.  scusare, 
perdonare. 

Execrable ;  esecrabile. 

Execrate ;  esecrare. 

Executant;  esecu-tore,  -trice. 

Execute;  i.  eseguire.  2.  gius- 
tiziare.  3.  firmare.  —  the 
transfer,  fare  il  trapasso. 


Execution;  i.  esecuzione,  ese- 
guimento.  2.  Do  — ,  pro- 
durre  effetto.  3.  firmare 
(atto).  4.  supplizio.  5.  eser- 
cizio.  6.  sequestro  seguito 
da  asta ;  Put  in  an  — , 
sequestrare. 

Executioner ;  esecutore,  boia. 

Executive;  esecutivo. 

Executor ;  esecutore,  teslamen- 
tario. 

Exegesis;  esegesi. 

Exemplar ;  modello. 

Exemplary;  esemplare. 

Exemplify ;  esemplificare. 

Exempt;  i.  esente.  2.  esen- 
tare. 

Exemption ;  esenzione. 

Exequies ;  esequie. 

Exercisable ;  esercitabile. 

Exercise;  i.  esercizio.  2. 
dovere,  compile,  lavoro ;  — 
book,  quaderno  di  doveri. 

3.  Take  — ,   far  del  moto. 

4.  esercitare. 

Exert ;  spiegare,  metier  in  uso, 

adoprare.     —  oneself,   sfor- 

zarsi. 
Exertion ;     i.     adoperamento, 

uso.     2.  sforzo. 
Exfoliate;  sfaldarsi. 
Exhale;  esalare. 
Exhaust ;    i.    esaurire.     2.   to 

—  oneself;  spossarsi. 
Exhaustive;  complete,  pieno, 

compiuto. 

Exhaust-pipe  ;  tubo  di  sfogo. 
Exhaustless ;  inesauribile. 
Exhibit;  i.  documento,  esibita. 

2.   esibire,   mostrare,  metier 

in  mostra.     3.  somminislrare 

(droghe).    4.  dare  rappresen- 

tazioni. 
Exhibition;  i .  w.  Exhibit.     2. 

pensione,  sussidio,  borsa.     3. 

esposizione.     4.  spettacolo. 
Exhibitioner ;  chi  gode  d'  una 

borsa  di  studio  in  un  istituto. 
Exhibitor;  esibitore. 
Exhilarate ;  esilarare. 
Exhilaration ;   ilarita,  allegria. 
Exhort ;  esortare. 
Exhume;  esumare. 
Exigency ;  bisogno,  esigenza. 
Exigent ;  esigente. 
Exigible;  esigibile. 
Exiguous;  esiguo. 
Exile;    i.    esilio,    bando.      2. 

esule,  fuoruscito.     3.  esiliare. 
Exist;  esislere. 
Exit ;  uscita. 
Ex-king  ;  re  smesso.    Similarly 

Birro  smesso,  Gesuila  smesso, 

Monaca  smessa,  and  so  on. 
Exodus ;  esodo. 
Exonerate;  esonerare. 
Exorbitant ;  esorbitante. 
Exorcise;  esorcizzare. 
Exerciser;  esorcista,  ammalia- 

tore. 

Exordium ;  esordio. 
Exoteric;  esoterico. 
Exotic;  esotico. 
Expand;  espandere, sviluppare, 

gonfiare,  dilatare. 
Expans-ion,  -ive,  -iveness ; 

espans-ione,  -ivo,  -ivita. 
Expatiate ;  distendersi,  parlare 

per  disleso. 
Expatiation ;  discorso  lungo. 


Expatriate;  spatriare. 

Expect ;  i.  aspettare,  attendere. 
2.  credere ;  I  rather  — ,  cre- 
derei  piuttosto.  3.  aspettarsi, 
ripromettersi ;  To  be  — ed 
to,  esser  tenuto  di ;  It  was 
to  be  — -ed,  era  d'  aspet- 
tarsi. 

Expectancy ;  aspettativa. 

Expectant ;  aspettante. 

Expectation ;  aspettazione,  as- 
pettativa, speranza.  Beyond 
my  — s,  at  di  la  delle  mie 
speranze.  Contrary  to  — , 
contro  ogni  aspettativa. 

Expectorate ;  spurgarsi,  espet- 
torare. 

Expectoration ;  spurgo. 

Expediency  ;  convenevolezza, 
vantaggio,  convenienza. 

Expedient ;  spediente,  mezzo, 
mezzo  termine. 

Expedite;  i.  facilitare.  2. 
accelerare. 

Expedilion;  i.  spedizione.  2. 
prestezza,  speditezza. 

Expedilionary;  spedizionario. 

Expeditious ;  spedito,  sbriga- 
tivo. 

Expel ;  espellere,  scacciare. 

Expend ;  spendere. 

Expenditure;  spesa.dispendio, 
sborso. 

Expense ;  spesa,  costo. 

Expensive ;  costoso. 

Expensiveness ;  mania  delle 
spese,  spesa  grande,  sontuo- 
sila. 

Experience ;  esperienza. 

Experienced  ;  sperimentato, 
esperto. 

Experiment ;  esperienza,  speri- 
menlo,  prova. 

Experimental;  sperimentale. 

Experimentalist ;  sperimenta- 
lore. 

Expert ;  esperto,  perito. 

Expiate ;  espiare. 

Expiration;  i.  fine,  scadenza, 
termine.  2.  espirazione. 

Expire;  i.  finire,  scadere,  spi- 
rare.  2.  morire. 

Expiry;  v.  Expiration  (i). 

Explain ;  spiegare. 

Explanation ;  spiegazione. 

Explanatory ;  spiegativo. 

Expletive ;  espletivo. 

Explicable ;  spiegabile. 

Explicit;  esplicito. 

Explicitness;  chiarezza. 

Explode  ;  i .  scoppiare,  esplo- 
dere.  2.  far  saltare  o  scop- 
piare. 3.  screditare. 

Exploit ;  i.  azione  gloriosa ; 
— s,  gesta.  2.  sfruttare,  trar 
partito  da,  coltivare. 

Explore;  i.  esplorare.  2.  fig. 
scandagliare. 

Explorer;  esploratore. 

Explosion ;  esplosione. 

Exponent;  i.  esponente.  2. 
rappresentante. 

Export ;  i.  esportazione.  2. 
esportare. 

Expose;  i.  esporre.  2.  sve- 
lare,  smascherare,  scoprire. 

Exposition ;  esposizione. 

Expository;  espositivo. 

Expostulate ;  fare  rimostranze. 

Expostulation ;  rimostranza. 


EXPOSURE— FALL  OUT 


xliii 


Exposure;  esposizione,  smas- 
cheramento. 

Expound ;  spiegare. 

Express;  i.  diretto  (treno). 
2.  espresso,  corriere.  3.  es- 
presso, formale.  4.  espri- 
mere. 

Expressible;  esprimibile. 

Expression ;  espressione. 

Expressionless ;  senza  espres- 
sione. 

Expressive ;  espressivo. 

Expressiveness ;  espressivita. 

Expressly ;  espressamente,  ap- 
posta,  appunto. 

Expropriate ;  espropriare. 

Expugn ;  espugnare. 

Expulsion;  espulsione. 

Expunge ;  espungere. 

Expurgate ;  espurgare. 

Exquisite ;  squisito,  elegante. 

Exquisitely;  ottimamente. 

Extant ;  ancora  esistente. 

Extemporary ;  estemporaneo. 
—  speaker,  improvvisatore. 

Extemporise ;  improvvisare. 

Extend ;  estendere,  stendere, 
allargare,  dilatare,  prolun- 
gare. 

Extensible  ;  estensibile. 

Extension;  i.  estensione.  i. 
prolungazione. 

Extensive ;  estensivo. 


Extent;  i.  estensione.  i.  gra- 
do,  punto ;  To  a  certain  — , 
fino  ad  tin  certo  punto;  To 
a  great  — ,  in  gran  parte ; 
To  its  full  — ,  in  tutta  la  sua 
estensione ;  To  such  an  — , 
a  tal  punto;  To  the  —  of, 
fino  a  ;  To  that  — ,  fin  la ; 
To  what  —  ?  fin  dove  ? 

Extenuate;  i.  estenuare.  2. 
attenuare. 

Exterior;  esteriore. 

Exterminate ;  sterminare. 

External;  esterno.  —  s,  este- 
riorita. 

Extinct;  estinto. 

Extinction;  estinzione. 

Extinguish ;  estinguere,  spe- 
gnere,  smorzare. 

Extinguishable;  estinguibile. 

Extirpate;  estirpare. 

Extol ;  estollere,  portare  al 
cielo,  lodare. 

Extort;  estorcere. 

Extortion;  estorsione. 

Extra ;  straordinario,  supple- 
mentare,  di  piu,  in  oltre,  di 
giunta.  —  charge,  supple- 
mento,  extra.  —  price, 
aumento  di  prezzo.  —  horse, 
cavallo  di  rinforzo.  —  post- 
age, tassa  supplementare, 
sovratassa  postale.  —  stam  p, 


francobollo  addizionale.     — 

weight,  eccedente.      As  sb., 

il  di  piu. 
Extract;    i.    estratto.     2.    es- 

trarre. 

Extraction ;  estrazione. 
Extractive ;  estrattivo. 
Extractor;  estrattore. 
Extradite ;  consegnare  per  es- 

tradizione. 

Extradition ;  estradizione. 
Extra-judicial  ;      stragiudizi- 

ale. 

Extra-mural ;  fuori  le  mura. 
Extraneous ;  estraneo. 
Extraordinariness ;    straordi- 

narieta. 

Extraordinary ;  straordinario. 
Extra-parochial;    di   nessuna 

parrocchia. 
Extra-territorial ;     fuori     del 

territorio. 

Extravagance ;  stravaganza. 
Extravagant;  stravagante.pro- 

digo. 

Extravasate ;  stravasare. 
Extreme ;  estremo. 
Extremely ;  estremamente. 
Extremity;  estremita,  miseria. 
Extricate ;  distrigare.     —  one- 
self, sbarazzarsi,  cavarsi. 
Extrication;  distrigamento. 
Extrinsic;  estrinseco. 


Extrude;  estrudere. 
Exuberan-ce, -t;  esuberan-za, 

-te. 

Exude;  trasudare. 
Exult;  esultare. 
Exuviae ;  spoglie. 
Eye;   i.  occhio.     2.  cruna.     3. 
gemma,    bottone.      4.    gan- 
gherella,    maglietta.      5.    In 
the  twinkling  of  an   — ,   in 
un     batter     d'    occhio,    dal 
vedere    al    non    vedere.     6. 
guardare,  osservare,  occhieg- 
giare,  adocchiare. 
Eye-ball ;  globo  dell'  occhio. 
Eyebright;  eufrasia. 
Eyebrow;  sopracciglio. 
Eye-glass;  occhialino.  Double 

— ,  occhiali. 
Eyelash ;  ciglio. 
Eyelet ;  occhiello. 
Eyelid ;  palpebra. 
Eye-salve;  collirio. 
Eye-shot;  portata  di  vista. 
Eyesight ;  vista. 
Eyesore;  fastidio. 
Eye-tooth;  dentecanino, dente 

occhiale. 
Eye-witness;  testimonio  ocu- 

lare. 

Eyot ;  isoletta  di  fiume. 
Eyrie ;     nido     d"    uccello     da 
preda. 


Fable ;  favola,  finzione.  Relate 
— s,  favoleggiare. 

Fabled ;  favoloso,  immagina- 
to. 

Fabric;  i.fabbrica.  i.  tessuto, 
stoffa. 

Fabricate ;  fabbricare. 

Fabulous;  favoloso. 

Facade;  facciata. 

Face  ;  i .  faccia,  viso,  volto.  2 . 
smorfia.  3.  sfrontatezza.  4. 
aria,  aspetto,  cera,  apparenza. 
5.  quadrante  d'  orologio.  6. 
diritto  (di  stofia).  7.  —  to  — , 
fronte  a  fronte.  8.  Before 
the  —  of,  sotto  gli  occhi  di. 
9.  Long  — ,  viso  allungato, 
muso.  10.  Make  — s,  tirare 
smorfie.  u.  Put  a  new  — 
on,  cangiar  1'  aspetto  di. 
11.  Set  one's  —  against, 
opporsi  risolutamente  a. 

13.  far  faccia  a.  14.  essere 
in  faccia  a.  15.  coprire, 
rivestire.  16.  metier  le 
mostre  (ad  un  abito).  17. 
—  about,  far  voltafaccia. 
18.  —  it  out,  pagare  di 
sfrontatezza,  dar  prova  d'  au- 
dacia. 

Facet ;  facetta. 

Facetious;  faceto. 

Facial;  facciale. 

Facil-e,  -itate,  -ity;  id. 

Facing;  i.  rovescio,  rivolta. 
i.  rivestimento  (di  muro). 

Facsimile ;  id. 

Fact ;  fatto.  In  — ,  infatti, 
difatti.  In  point  of  — ,  a 
dir  vero. 


Faction;  fazione. 
Factious;  fazioso. 
'  Factitious ;  fattizio. 
Factor ;  fattore,  agente. 
Factorship;  fattoria. 
Factory;  fattoria,  officina,  fila- 

tura. 

Factotum;  id. 
Faculty;  facolta. 
Fad ;    mania,    ghiribizzo,   ramo 

di  pazzia. 

Faddy ;  capriccioso. 
Fade  ;  appassire,  languire,  sco- 

lorirsi. 
Faded ;     appassito,     scolorito, 

sbiadito. 
Fading;  passante,  che  va  sce- 

mando. 

Faeces;  fecce. 
Fag ;    faticarsi,   sgobbare.      — 

out,  logorarsi,  frustarsi. 
Fag-end;  capo  scorcio. 
Fagged ;  esausto,  lasso. 
Fagging ;  lavoro  ingrato. 
Faggot;  fascina,   fastello,   fas- 

cio. 
Fail ;   i .  mancare  a,  mancar  di 

parola  a,  mancare.      2.  non 

riuscire,  arrenare.    3.  fallire. 

4.  trascurare.    5.  Without  — , 

senza  fallo. 
Failing;   i.  difetto,  mancanza, 

debole,   colpa.     2.    in  man- 
canza di. 
Failure;   i.  insuccesso,  fiasco. 

2.  fallimento. 

Fain;  i.  felice.     2.  volentieri. 

3.  With  this  he  was  —  to  be 
content,    con    questo    biso- 
gnava  contentarsi. 


Faint;  i.  debole,  fiacco,  fioco. 
i.  Feel  — ,  sentirsi  venir 
meno.  3.  leggiero.  4.  venir 
meno,  svenire,  tramortire. 

Faint-hearted ;  scoraggiato, 
timido,  codardo,  pusillanimo. 

Fainting-fit ;  svenimento,  de- 
liquio. 

Faintly ;  debolmente,  con  voce 
fioca. 

Faintness ;  debolezza,  fiac- 
chezza. 

Fair;  i.  fiera.  2.  bello,  biondo. 
3.  favorevole  (vento).  4. 
passabile.  5.  giusto,  onesto, 
ragionevole.  6.  Be  in  a  — 
way,  esser  bene  avviato, 
essere  in  grado  di.  7.  Make 
a  — •  copy,  mettere  al  pulito. 

Fair-dealing;  leale. 

Fairing ;  fiera,  regalo  di  fiera. 

Fairish ;  abbastanza  buono. 

Fairly;  i.  cosl  cosi,  abbastanza 
bene.  i.  di  buona  fede, 
schiettamente,  secondo  le  re- 
gole.  3.  addirittura. 

Fairness;  i.  lealta,  probiti, 
buona  fede.  In  —  to,  per 
esser  giusto  a.  2.  bianchezza 
di  carnagione. 

Fair-spoken;  affabile,  sdolci- 
nato. 

Fairy;  i.  fata.    2.fatato,  da  fata. 

Faith;  fede. 

Faithful;  fedele. 

Faithless;  perfido,  sleale. 

Faithlessness;  perfidia. 

Fake;  dare  1' apparenza  di  esser 
meglio  di  quello  che  vera- 
mente  e. 


Fakir;  fachiro. 
Falchion;  falcione. 
Falcon;  falco. 
Falconer;  falconiere. 
Faldstool ;  faldistorio,  seggiola 

da  ripiegarsi. 
Fall ;     i.    caduta,   cascata.     2. 

ribasso.       3.      atterramento 

d'   alberi.     4.    autunno.     5. 

abbassamento.      6.  cadenza. 

7.     decadenza,    rovina.      8. 

tirante. 
9.    caciere,    cascare.       10. 

diminuire.       u.    abbassare. 

12.  sboccare,  versarsi,   met- 
tere. 

Fall  asleep;  addormentarsi. 
Fall  astern ;  rinculare. 
Fall  away;    i.  dimagrare.     2. 

disertare. 
Fall  back;  i.  ricadere.     2.  in- 

dietreggiare. 
Fall  back  upon ;    aver  ricor- 

so  a. 

Fall  behind ;  restare  in  dietro. 
Fall  in;   i.  mettersi  nei  ranghi. 

2.    crollare,    sfasciarsi,    soc- 

combere.    3.  scadere  (affitto). 
Fall  in  love ;  innamorarsi. 
Fall  in  with;  i.  imbattersi  in. 

2.  accordarsi. 
Fall  into;   mettersi  in,  imboc- 

care  in. 
Fall  off;  i.  staccarsi  da,  cascare 

da,    cadere.      2.    diminuire, 

scemare.      3.   smagrire.      4. 
abbrivare. 
Fallout;   i.  cadere.     2.  acca- 

clere.  3.disgustarsi(conuno), 
venire  a  parole. 

F2 


xliv 


FALL   OVER— FELLOW-SERVANT 


Fall  over ;  inciampare  in,  cader 

sopra. 

Fall  through  ;  andare  a  monte. 
Fall  to  ;  i.  cominciare,  mettersi 

a.     i.  toccare  a. 
Fall  under;   i.   esser  soggetto 
a.      2.   cader  sotto.     3.   ap- 
partenere  a. 

Fall  upon;  i.  gettarsi  su.     2. 
toccare  a,  essere  a  carico  di. 
Fallacious;  fallace. 
Fallacy;    falsita,  illusione,  so- 

fisma. 

Fall-ible,  -ibility;  id. 
Falling ;  cadente.     —  back,  ri- 
caduta.     —  in,  frana  (di  ter- 
reno)  ,terminazione  (d'  affitto). 
—  off,  diminuzione. 
Fallow;  maggese. 
Fallow-deer;  daino. 
False;    i.  falso.     i.  posticcio. 

3.  doppio. 

Falsehood;  menzogna. 
False  keel ;  controchiglia. 
Falsetto;  id. 

Falsify;  falsificare,  contraffare. 
Falter ;    impappinarsi,   esitare, 

balbettare. 

Faltering;  balbuzie. 
Fame ;  fama. 
Famed ;  rinomato. 
Familiar;  i.  familiare,  intimo. 

2.  folletto. 

Familiar-ity,  -ise ;  id. 
Family;  i.  famiglia.     2.  casa- 

lingo. 

Famine;  carestia. 
Famish ;  affamare. 
Famished;  famelico. 
Famous ;  famoso. 
Fan;   i.  ventaglio,  ventilatore. 
i.    vaglio.         3.     ventilare, 
sventolare,  vagliare. 
Fanatic ;  id. 
Fancied ;  immaginato. 
Fancier;  amatore. 
Fanciful ;    capriccioso,   fantas- 

tico,  bizzarro. 

Fancifulness ;  fantasticaggine. 
Fancy;   i.  immaginazione,  fan- 
tasia,  ghiribizzo,   gusto.     2. 
immaginarsi.     3.  aver  voglia 
di,  aver  gusto  per. 
Fancy-ball ;  ballo  in  maschera. 
Fancy-biscuits;  pasticcini. 
Fancy-dress;    abito   da   mas- 
chera. 
Fancy  stationer;  cartolaio  di 

lusso. 

Fancy-work;  ricamo. 
Fane ;  fano. 
Fanfare;  fanfara. 
Fanfaronade ;  fanfaronata. 
Fang ;  dente,  zanna. 
Fan-light;  lunetta. 
Fan-maker;  ventagliaio. 
Fan  palm  ;  v.  Palma  (11,  12). 
Fan-tailed ;  coda  a  ventaglio. 
Fantas-ia,  -tic;  id. 
Fantasy;  fantasia. 
Far;   i.  lontano,  distante,  dis- 
costo.     i.  da  lontano,  lungi, 
assai,  di  gran  lunga.     3.  — 
and  wide,  da  ogni  parte.    4. 
As  —  as,  In  so  —  as,  per 
quanto  ;  As  —  as  it  goes,  per 
quanto  vale.     5.  How  —  is 
it  to  ?  quanto  c'  e  da  qui  a  ? 
6.   So  — ,  fin  qui ;  So  —  so 
good,  fin  qui  va  bene. 


Farce;  farsa. 
Farcical;  burlesco. 
Farcy;  cimurro,  farcino. 
Fare ;     i.    vitto,    tavola.       2. 
prezzo  di  corsa.     3.  viaggia- 
tore    (in   carrozza   da   nolo). 
4.  stare,  trovarsi,  mangiare, 
vivere. 

Farewell;  addio,  commiato. 
Far-famed;  celebre. 
Far-fetched ;  ricercato. 
Farinaceous ;  farinaceo. 
Farm;   i.  tenuta,  podere,  mas- 
seria.      2.  affittare.      3.  col- 
tivare.     4.   prendere  in   ap- 
palto. 

Farm-bailiff;  fattore. 
Farmer;    i.   fittaiolo.     2.   ap- 
paltatore.     3.  Gentleman  — , 
proprietario  coltivatore. 
Farm-house;  casa  contadina, 

podere. 

Farming;  agricoltura. 
Farm-servant ;      garzone     di 

fattoria. 
Farm -yard ;  corte  del  pollame, 

corte  di  rimessa,  cortile. 
Faro ;  faraone. 
Farrago;  farragine. 
Far-reaching;   di  lunga  por- 

tata. 
Farrier;     i.  -maniscalco.      2. 

veterinario. 

Farriery;  veterinaria. 
Farrow ;  figliare  (della  scrofa). 
Far-sighted ;    previdente,   sa- 

gace. 

Fart;  coreggia. 

Farther;    i.   piu  lontano,  piu 
oltre,  ulteriore,  piu  in  la,  piu 
al  di  la.     2.  di  piu,  in  oltre. 
Farthing;  quattrino. 
Farthingale ;  crinolino. 
Fasces;  fasci. 
Fascinate ;  affascinare. 
Fascination;  fascino. 
Fascine ;  fascina. 
Fash  ;  annoiare,  sturbare. 
Fashion;   i.  moda,  usanza.     2. 
maniera,  guisa,  foggia,  forma, 
sorte.    3.  People  of — ,  gente 
distinta ;  Out  of  — ,  fuor  di 
moda.     4.  formare,  foggiare. 
Fashionable ;    alia   moda,    di 

moda. 
Fashionableness ;     eleganza, 

distinzione. 

Fast;  i.  rapido,  veloce,  presto. 
2.  fermo,  solido,  serrato.  3. 
Play  —  and  loose,  fare  a  lira 
e  molla.  4.  ormeggiato.  5. 
—  (colour),  forte.  6.  scostu- 
mato,  di  facili  costumi.  7. 
digiuno. 

Fast-day;  giorno  magro. 
Fasten;    i.    attaccare,  legare. 
2.   allacciare.       3.    sbarrare. 
4.  appiccarsi. 
Fastener ;    fermaglio,   legame, 

chiusura,  spagnoletta. 
Faster;  i.  digiunatore.     2.  piu 

presto. 

Fasting;  digiuno. 
Fastness ;  luogo  forte. 
Fat ;     i.    grasso,    pingue.       2. 

ricco,  fertile. 
Fatal;  id. 
Fatal-ism,  -ist;  id. 
Fatally ;  fatalmente. 
Fate;  i.  fato, destine.    2.  parca. 


Fated;  destinato. 
Fateful;  fatale. 
Father;  padre. 
Fatherhood ;  paternita. 
Father-in-law;  suocero. 
Fatherland;  patria. 
Fatherless;  orfano. 
Father-longlegs ;  tipula. 
Fatherly;  paterno. 
Fathom;   i.  braccio.     2.  scan- 

dagliare.     3.  penetrare,  divi- 

nare. 

Fathomless ;  senza  fondo. 
Fathom-line ;  scandaglio. 
Fatigue;  i.  fatica.  2.  affati- 

care. 
Falling ;     bestia    giovane    in- 

grassata. 

Fatness;  grassezza,  pinguedine. 
Fatten ;  ingrassare. 
Fatty;  grasso,  untuoso. 
Fatuity;  id. 
Fatuous;  fatuo. 
Fatwitted;  imbecille. 
Faucet;  cannella. 
Faugh !  oib6  ! 
Fault;    i.  fallo,  errore,  colpa, 

pecca,     vizio,     difetto.       2. 

spostamento.     3.    To  a  — , 

all'  eccesso.     4.    Be  at  — , 

perder  la  traccia. 
Fault-finder;  censore,  critico. 
Fault-finding;  critica. 
Faultily ;  impropriamente. 
Faultiness ;  imperfezione. 
Faultless ;  irreprensibile. 
Faulty;  difettoso,  colpevole. 
Faun;  fauno. 
Fauna;  id. 
Favour;   i.  favore,  grazia.     2. 

(com.)  gradita,  stimata  (let- 

tera).     3.  fiocco,  colori.     4. 

favorire.     5.   rassomigliare. 
Favourable ;  favorevole. 
Favourableness ;  natura  favo- 
revole. 
Favoured  ;    favorito.       Ill  — , 

brutto.     Well  — ,  bello. 
Favourite;     i.     favorito.       2. 

prediletto ;   Great  — ,  molto 

amato. 
Fawn ;    i.    cerbiatto.      2.    • — 

upon,  accarezzare,  lisciare. 
Fawn-coloured;  color  fulvo. 
Fawner;  adulatore,  lusinghiero. 
Fealty;  fedelta. 
Fear;    i.   paura,  tema,  timore, 

inquietudine ;  Vain  —  ,ubbia. 

2.  temere,  aver  paura,  esitare. 

Fearful;  i.  terribiie.     2.  pau- 

roso. 
Fearless ;   senza  paura,  intre- 

pido. 

Fearlessness ;  intrepidezza. 
Feasibility ;  praticabilita. 
Feasible;  fattibile,  praticabile. 
Feast;    i.   banchetto,  convito. 

2.  festa.    3.  banchettare.    4. 
festeggiare,  regalare. 

Feasting ;  gozzoviglia,  festeg- 

giamento. 

Feat ;  fatto,  azione. 
Feather;   i.  penna,  piuma.     2. 

coprire  di  penne,  impennare. 

3.  in  rowing,  spalare. 
Feather-bed  ;  letto  di  piume. 
Feather-dresser;  piumaio. 
Feather  duster;  spazzolino  di 

penne. 
Feather-edge ;  ugnatura. 


Feather-grass ;    pennine    del 

Paradiso. 

Featherless ;  implume. 
Feather-stitch;  puntoaspina. 
Feather-trade;  commercio  del 

piumaio. 

Feathery;  piumoso. 
Feature;     i.    lineamento,    fat- 

tezza  ;    — s,  sembianze.       2. 

carattere,     tratto     caratteri- 

stico.    3.  Hard  — d,  dal  viso 

duro. 

Febrifuge ;  febbrifugo. 
Febrile;  febbrile. 
February;  febbraio. 
Feckless ;   debole,  senza  ener- 

gia. 

Fecula;  fecola. 
Fecundate;  fecondare. 
Feder-al,  -alism,  -alist,  -ate, 

-ation,  -ative;  id. 
Fee;    i.    onorario ;    — s,    com- 

petenze.     2.  far  1'  invito  (ad 

un    avvocato),    pagare,    re- 

munerare.     3.  feudo.     4.  — 

simple,  proprieta  libera. 
Feeble;  debole,  fiacco. 
Feeble-minded ;  semplicione, 

fallito  di  mente. 
Feebleness;    debolezza,   infer- 

mita. 
Feed;   i.  cibo,  pascolo,  avena. 

2.  alimentazione.    3.  nutrire, 
dare   da  mangiare,  pascere, 
alimentare,  pascolare. 

Feeder;     i.    alimentatore.     2. 

mangiatore.        3.     affluente. 

4.  serbatoio. 

Feeding-bottle ;  poppatoio. 
Feeding-pipe,  -pump;  tubo, 

tromba  d'  alimenlazione. 
Feeding-tank ;  cassa  d'  acqua, 

serbatoio  d'  alimentazione. 
Feel;  i.  tasto,  tatto.    2.  tastare. 

3.  sentire,  sentirsi,  provare. 

4.  —  for,   (a)  commuoversi 
per,  (6)  cercare  a  tastoni. 

Feeler;  i.  antenna,  tentacolo. 
2.  notizia  per  saggiare  1'  opi- 
nione  pubblica  ;  By  way  of 
a  — ,  per  tastare  il  terreno. 

Feeling;  i.  tatto,  tasto.  2. 
sentimento,  sensazione,  sensi- 
bilita,  simpatia. 

Feelingly ;  commoventemente. 

Feign ;  tingere,  simulare. 

Feigning;  finta,  simulazione. 

Feint;  finta. 

Feldspar;  feldispato. 

Felicit-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Felicitous ;  felice. 

Felicity;  id. 

Feline;  id. 

Fell;  i.  feroce,  fiero,  fello.  2. 
abbattere. 

Feller;  taglialegna. 

Felling ;  taglio  d'  un  bosco. 

Fellow;  i.  compagnone,  socio, 
collega,  membro,  aggregato. 
2.  simile,  uguale,  pari ;  Your 
— s,  i  vostri  pari.  3.  per- 
sonaggio,  coso,  mascalzone, 
figuro,  farabutto,  giovane, 
ragazzo,  figliuolo  ;  My  dear 
— ,  caro  mio  ;  Little  bit  of 
a  — ,  omiciattolo. 

Fellow-creature ;  simile. 

Fellow-feeling;  simpatia. 

Fellow-servant ;  camerata  di 
servizio. 


FELLOWSHIP— FIRE-GUARD 


xlv 


Fellowship ;    societal,   consor- 

zio ;    To    obtain    the   —   of 

the    College   of   Physicians, 

esser  aggregato  alia  Facolta 

medica,    essere     assunto     a 

Membro   dell'    Associazione 

dei  Dottori. 

Fellow-student;  condiscepolo. 
Fellow-traveller,  -workman; 

compagno  di  viaggio,  di  la- 

voro. 

Felly ;  gavio. 
Felon;  malfattore. 
Felonious ;  malvagio. 
Felony;  delitto. 
Felspar;  feldispato. 
Felt;  i.  feltro.     i.  feltrare. 
Felucca;  feluca. 
Female;  i.  femminile.     2.  fern- 

mina. 

Feminality;  femminilita. 
Feminine ;  femminino. 
Femoral ;  id. 
Femur;  femore. 
Fen ;  pantano,  maremma. 
Fence;      i.     siepe,     chiusura, 

palizzata,     cancellata.        2. 

riparare,    assiepare,   cingere. 

3.   tirar  di  scherma.     4.   Sit 

on   the   — ,  esitare   tra   due 

partiti. 

Fenced ;  cinto,  difeso. 
Fencer;  schermitore. 
Fencing;    i.   scherma.      2.  v. 

Fence. 
Fencing-master,        -match, 

-school ;    maestro,   assalto, 

scuola,  di  scherma. 
Fend  off;  riparare,  parare. 
Fender;  i.  paglietto.    2.  para- 

cenere,  parafuoco.     3.  para- 

bordo. 

Fennel ;  finocchio. 
Fenny;  paludoso. 
Fenugreek;  fiengreco. 
Ferment;  i.  fermento.    2.  fer- 

mentare,  ribollire. 
Fermentation ;  id.,  lievito. 
Fern;  felce. 
Fern-owl ;  nottolone. 
Ferny ;  coperto  di  felci. 
Ferocious;  feroce. 
Ferocity;  id. 
Ferret;   i.  furetto.     i.  prender 

i  conigli  col  furetto.     3.  — 

out,  scovare,  scoprire. 
Ferric;  id. 
Ferruginous ;  ferrugineo.     — 

duck,  moretta  tabaccata. 
Ferrule  ;  ghiera,  gorbia,  verola. 
Ferry;    i.  tragitto.      i.  tragit- 

tare. 
Ferryboat;  barchetta,  batlello 

da  traffico. 
Ferryman ;     navalestro,     bar- 

caiuolo. 
Fertil-e,  -ity,  -ise,  -isation; 

V. 

Ferven-cy,-t;  ferv-enza, -ente. 
Ferv-id,  -our ;  id. 
Fescue ;  paleo. 
Fesse;  fascia. 
Festal;  festivo. 
Fester;  suppurare,impostemire, 

corrompersi. 
Festival;  festa. 
Festive;  id.,  allegro. 
Festivity ;  allegrezza,  giubilo. 
Festoon;  i.  festone.    i.  ornare 

di  festoni. 


Fetch ;     i.    cercare,    andare    a 

cercare,  attingere,  recare.    2. 

mandare  (sospiro).     3.  pren- 
der  (fiato).       4.     -  -    away, 

portar  via ;    —  back,  ripor- 

lare. 
Fetching ;  che  fa  impressione 

viva,  impressionante. 
Fetid,  Fetor;  id. 
Fetish  ;  feticcio. 
Fetlock;  barbetta,  garetto. 
Fetter;   i.  catena,  ferro.     2.  in- 

catenare,  inceppare. 
Fettle ;    ordine,   stato   di    pre- 

parazione. 

Feud;  querela,  rissa. 
Feudal,  -ism ;  id. 
Feudatory ;  feudatario. 
Feuilleton;  appendice. 
Fever;  febbre. 
Feverfew ;  matricaria. 
Feverish ;     febbrile,    febbrici- 

tante. 

Few;  poco,  scarso. 
Fewer;  meno. 
Fewness ;  scarsita. 
Fez;  id. 

Fiance;  fidanzato. 
Fiasco;  id. 
Fiat ;  comando. 
Fib ;   i.  fandonia,  menzogna  piu 

o   meno  innocente.      2.    dir 

bugie,  dime  delle  grosse. 
Fibber;  sballone,  mentitore. 
Fibbing;  il  mentire. 
Fibre;  fibra,  tiglio. 
Fibrous;  fibroso. 
Fickle;  incostante,  mutabile. 
Fictile;  fittile. 
Fiction ;  fizione.     Work  of  — , 

romanzo. 

Fictitious;  fittizio. 
Fid;    i.  chiave  (d'  un  albero). 

i.  caviglia  (da  impiombare). 
Fiddle;   i.  violino.     i.  gingil- 

larsi.   3.  sonare  il  violino.    4. 

(mar.)  — s,  passerini,  cordoni. 
Fiddle-faddle ;      chiacchiera, 

frottola. 

Fiddlestick;  archetto. 
Fiddlesticks ;  eh  via !  frottole  ! 

cuccu  ! 

Fiddle-string;  corda. 
Fiddling;  fastidioso,  futile. 
Fidelity;  fedelta. 
Fidget;   i.  agitazione.     i.  agi- 

tarsi,  dimenarsi. 
Fidgety;  irrequieto. 
Fie!  oib6! 
Fief;  feudo. 
Field;  i.  campo.     v.  banco  (di 

ghiaccio).    3.  — s,  campagna. 

4.    1'    insieme   di   cacciatori 

alia  volpe,  o  di  cavalli  in  una 

corsa. 

Field-day ;  giorno  di  manovra. 
Fieldfare ;  tordela,  gazzina. 
Field-glass ;    cannocchiale  da 

campo. 
Field-marshal ;   il  grado  pit 

alto   dei   generali   inglesi    o 

tedeschi. 
Field-mouse ;   topo  selvatico, 

topo  campagnolo. 
Field-officer ;    ufticiale    supe- 

riore. 
Field  sports ;  esercizii  all'  aria 

aperta. 

Field  works ;  lavori. 
Fiend;  demonio. 


Fiendish;  diabolico. 
Fiendishness ;   malignita  dia- 

bolica. 

Fierce ;  feroce,  fiero. 
Fiery ;  focoso. 
Fife ;  piffero,  ottavino. 
Fifer;  piffero. 
Fifteen  ;  quindici. 
Fifteenth ;  quindicesimo. 
Fifth;   i.  quinto.     2.  quinta. 
Fifthly ;  in  quinto  luogo. 
Fiftieth ;  cinquantesimo. 
Fifty ;  cinquanta. 
Fig;  fico. 
Fight;  i.  combattimento,  lotta, 

rissa,  conflitto,  battaglia.     2. 

combattere,    battersi,   fare  a 

pugni,  lottare. 
Fighter;  combattente. 
Fighting;  battagliero. 
Figment ;  finzione. 
Fig-tree ;  fico. 
Figurative;  id. 
Figure ;    i.   figura,   forma,   as- 

petto.     i.  cifra.     3.   prezzo. 

4.  persona,  personale,  fusto. 

5.  figurare,    calcolare.      6. 
formare. 

Figured ;  a  colori,  fiorato. 

Figure-head ;  polena. 

Figwort ;  scrofolaria. 

Filament ;  id. 

Filbert;  avellana. 

Filch ;  rubacchiare,  involare, 
derubare. 

File;  r.  lima.  2.  lista.  3.  fila ; 
— at  chess,  regolo.  4.  limare. 
5.  infilare.  6.  —  past, 
sfilare. 

File-cutter;  fabbro  di  lime. 

Filial;  id. 

Filibuster ;  filibustiere. 

Filigree;  filigrana. 

Filing;  i.  limatura.  2.  de- 
posito. 

Fill;  i.  il  bastevole,  sufficenza. 
2.  riempire.  3.  occupare, 
coprire  (una  carica).  4.  col- 
mare.  5.  —  out,  aggrandire. 

Filled;   pieno,  riempito. 

Fillet;  i.  banda,  striscia.  2. 
filetto  (di  bue). 

Filling;  i.  riempitivo.  2. 
riempitura. 

Fillip ;  stimolazione. 

Filly;  puledra. 

Film;  i.  pellicola.     2.  velo. 

Filmy ;  membranoso. 

Filter;   i.  filtro.     2.  filtrare. 

Filtering ;  filtrazione. 

Filter-paper;  carta  da  filtrare, 
carta  emporetica. 

Filth ;  sporcizia. 

Filthy;  sporco,  sozzo. 

Filtrate ;  filtrato. 

Fin ;  pinna,  aletta. 

Final;  id.,  definitive. 

Finally;  finalmente,  inline,  in- 
somnia. 

Finance ;  finanza. 

Financial ;  finanziario. 

Financier;  finanziere. 

Finch  ;  cardellino,  ciuffolotto, 
fringuello.frosone,  venturone, 
verdone. 

Find;  i.  trovare,  scoprire.  2. 
emettere  (una  sentenza),  di- 
chiarare  (colpevole).  3.  — 
in,  provvedere  con.  4.  — 
oneself,  vivere  e  vestirsi  a 


proprie   spese.      5.    —   out, 

(a)  trovare,  (6)  sorprendere, 

scoprire,  (c)  indovinare.    6. 

—  fault,  criticare,  biasimare. 
Finder;  trovatore. 
Finding;  sentenza. 
Fine;  i.  ammenda,  multa.     2. 

bello,  elegante.     3.  fine.     4. 

fino.     5.  chiarire  (vino).     6. 

multare. 

Fine-draw;  rimendare. 
Fine-grained;  a  fino  grano. 
Finely;  bellamente,  bene,  ele- 

gantemente. 
Fineness;     i.    eleganza.       2. 

purezza. 

Finery;  fronzoli,  lusso. 
Finesse;    i.   finezza.      2.  alle 

carte,    giuocare     una     carta 

della  quale  si  ha  una  supe- 

riore.    3.  agire  con  sotterfugi. 
Finger;    i.  dito.      2.   maneg- 

giare. 

Finger-board;  tastiera. 
Finger-bowl ;  sciacquabocca. 
Finger-end ;  To  have  at  one's 

— 's  ends,  avere  sulla  punta 

delle  dita. 

Finger-mark;  ditata. 
Finger-nails;  unghie. 
Finger-plate ;  placca  di  cris- 

tallo  o  altro   (per   una  por- 

ta). 

Finger-stall;  ditale. 
Finial ;  pinnacolo. 
Finical;  affettato. 
Finikin ;  minuzioso,  tritato. 
Finings;  colla. 
Finish;   i.  finitezza.     i.  finire, 

dare  1'  ultima  mano. 
Finisher;     chi    da    1'    ultima 

mano. 
Finishing-stroke;  i.  colpo  di 

grazia.     2.  ultima  mano. 
Finite;  limitato. 
Finny;  pinnuto. 
Fir;  abete. 
Fir-cone;  pigna. 
Fire;    i.   fuoco,   incendio.     i. 

infiammare.      3.    far   fuoco, 

sparare. 

Fire-arm ;  arme  da  fuoco. 
Fire-ball ;  globo  di  fuoco. 
Fire-balloon ;  mongolfiera. 
Fire-bar ;    sbarra  della  grati- 

cola. 

Fire-bars;  graticola. 
Fire-box ;  focolare  camera  del 

fuoco. 

Fire-brand;  tizzone. 
Fire-brick;    mattone   refratta- 

rio. 

Fire-bridge;  altare. 
Fire-bucket;   secchio   per  in- 
cendio. 

Fire-clay;  argilla  apira. 
Fire-crested    wren ;    fiorran- 

cino. 
Fire-damp ;  gas  esplosivo  delle 

miniere. 

Fire-dog;  alare. 
Fire-eater;  fanfarone. 
Fire-engine ;    pompa  per  in- 
cendio. 
Fire-escape ;    apparecchio    di 

salvataggio. 
Firefly;  lucciola. 
Fire-grate ;  grata  di  focolare. 
Fire-guard;    parafuoco,  cam- 

miniera. 


xlvi 


FIRE-INSURANCE—FLITTING 


Fire-insurance;  assicurazione 

contro  1'  incendio. 
Fire-irons  ;  i  ferri  o  gli  arnesi 

del  focolare. 
Fire-ladder ;  scala  di  salvatag- 

gio. 
Fireman;     i.    pompiere.      2. 

fochista. 

Fire-place ;  camino,  focolare. 
Fire-policy;  polizza  d'  assicu- 
razione contro  1'  incendio. 
Fire-proof;  a  prova  di  fuoco. 
Fire-screen ;  parafuoco. 
Fire-ship;  brulotto. 
Fire-shovel ;  paletta  da  fuoco. 
Fire -side;  focolare. 
Fire -station;   posta  dei  pom- 

pieri. 

Fire-tongs;  molle. 
Fire-wood ;  legna  da  ardere. 
Fire-works ;   fuochi  artificial!, 

topi  matti. 
Fire -worshipper;      adoratore 

del  fuoco. 

Firing ;  i.  sparo.     i.  fucilata, 
cannonata.       3.     cauterizza- 
zione.     4.  legna  da  ardere. 
Firing  tools ;  riavoli. 
Firkin ;  tinozza. 
Firm ;    i.  ditta,  casa  commer- 
ciale.     i.  fermo,  saldo,  sta- 
bile, fisso. 
Firmament;  id. 
Firman ;  id. 

First;  i.  prime;  The  very  — , 
giusto  il  primo.  2.  as  adv., 
priraa  ;  At  — ,  sulle  prime, 
da  prima ;  —  of  all,  prima 
di  tutto ;  At  —  hand,  di 
prima  mano. 

First-born ;  primogenito. 
First-fruits;  primizie. 
Firth ;  golfo. 
Fiscal;  id. 
Fish;     i.     pesce.      2.     fiscia, 

gettone.      3.  pescare. 
Fishbone;  resta,  lisca. 
Fisherman;  pescatore. 
Fishery ;  pescheria. 
Fish-gig;  fiocina. 
Fish-hawk;  falco  pescatore. 
Fish-hook;  amo. 
Fishing;  pesca. 
Fishing-boat ;  barca  da  pesca. 
Fishing-frog;  lofio. 
Fishing-line;  lenza. 
Fishing-net ;  rete  da  pesca. 
Fishing-rod ;  canna  da  pesca. 
Fishing-smack;     barca    pes- 

chereccia. 
Fishing-tackle ;    attrezzi  pes- 

cherecci. 

Fish-kettle ;  pesciaiola. 
Fish-knife ;  coltello  da  pesce. 
Fish-market ;      mercato     del 

pesce,  pescheria. 
Fishmonger ;  pescivendolo. 
Fish-plate;  stecca,  staffa. 
Fishpond;  vivaio,  peschiera. 
Fish-slice ;     cucchiaione    pel 

pesce. 

Fish-spear;  fiocina. 
Fishwife;  pescivendola. 
Fishy;  i.  di  pesce.    2.  sospetto. 
Fission ;  spaccamento. 
Fissure;  fessura. 
Fist;  pugno. 

Fisticuffs ;  combattimento  a 
pugni.  Have  a  bout  of  — , 
azzuffarsi. 


Fistula;  fistola. 

Fit;  i.  accesso,  attacco.  2. 
taglio.  3.  umore.  4.  —  of 
absence,  distrazione.  5.  By 
— s  and  starts,  a  sbalzi. 

6.  atto,  capace,  buono  a. 
7.  convenevole.  8.  degno 
di.  9.  To  make  — ,  metier 
in  grado. 

10.  adattare,  accomodare, 
aggiustare.  n.  star  bene, 
andar  bene,  calzare.  11. 
—  for,  allestire.  13.  — 
out,  fornire,  prowedere,  cor- 
redare,  armare.  14.  —  up, 
allestire,  avviare. 

Fitful ;  incerto,  irregolare. 

Fitfully;  a  salti. 

Fitly ;  a  modo,  convenevol- 
mente. 

Fitness ;  acconcezza,  conve- 
nienza,  adattezza. 

Fitted;  adatto. 

Fitter;  aggiustatore.  —  out, 
armatore. 

Fitting;  convenevole,  dicevole. 

Fitting  out;  allestimento,  ar- 
mamento. 

Fittings ;  accessorii,  mobili, 
arredi. 

Five ;  cinque. 

Five-fold;  quintuple. 

Fives ;  giuoco  della  palla. 

Fix;  i.  difficolta,  situazione 
senza  uscita.  2.  fissare.  3. 
(negli  Stati  Uniti)  assettare, 
arrangiare,  metier  in  or- 
dine. 

Fixed;  fisso. 

Fixture;  i.  fissato ;  The  — s 
of  1910,  i  fissati  del  1910. 
2.  affisso ;  When  I  give  up 
these  rooms  my  landlord  is 
bound  to  take  the  — s  at 
a  valuation,  quando  lascio 
questo  quartiere  il  padrone 
di  casa  e  tenuto  a  rifondermi 
le  spese  degli  affissi. 

Fizz;  i.  fischiare,  sibilare.  2. 
v.  Frizzle. 

Fizzle;  i.  v.  Fizz.  2.  —out, 
andare  in  aria. 

Flabbergasted;  sbalordito,  rin- 
tronato. 

Flabby  ;  floscio,  vizzo,  moscio, 
vincido,  sfatto. 

Flaccid  ;  flaccido. 

Flag;  i.  bandiera.  2.  gaggio- 
lo.  3.  lastra  (pietra).  4. 
rallentarsi,  illanguidire. 

Flagellation;  id. 

Flageolet ;  zufolo. 

Flagging;  i.  languido.  2.  av- 
vizzimento. 

Flagitious ;  scellerato. 

Flag-officer  ;  comandante  di 
squad  ra. 

Flag  of  truce  ;  bandiera  parla- 
mentaria. 

Flagon ;  boccetta,  fiasco. 

Flagrant  ;  id. 

Flag-ship  ;  nave  ammiraglia. 

Flag-staff ;  asta  di  bandiera. 

Flag-stone ;  lastra,  piastrone. 

Flail ;  coreggiato. 

Flake ;  i.  scaglia,  fiocco,  la- 
mina. 2.  —  off,  scagliarsi. 

Flake-white ;  bianco  d'  ar- 
gento. 

Flaky  ;  fioccoso,  laminoso. 


Flambeau ;  fiaccola. 
Flame;  i.  fiamma,  vampa.     2. 

avvampare,  fiammeggiare. 
Flame-coloured ;  color  fuoco. 
Flamen  ;  flamine. 
Flaming  ;  fiammeggiante. 
Flamingo  ;  fenicottero. 
Flanders  ;  Fiandra. 
Flange  ;   flangia,  brida,  risalto, 

lembo.orlo;  tavola(di  trave). 
Flannel ;  flanella. 
Flap ;    i.    falda,   pistagna.      2. 

ribalta.    3.  tesa  (di  cappello), 

quartiere  (di  sella).    4.  estre- 

mita  (d1  orecchio).     5.  aleg- 

giare,  battere  (le  all),  penzo- 

lare. 

Flapdoodle ;  sciocchezze. 
Flap-eared  ;  orecchiuto. 
Flapping  ;  battito. 
Flare;   i.  fiamma  chiara,  fiam- 

mata.     2.  fiammeggiare.     3. 

—  up,  montare  in  collera. 
Flash ;    i.   lampo,  baleno.     2. 

lampeggiare,  balenare,   sfol- 

gorare,  sfavillare. 
Flash  language  ;  gergo. 
Flashy  ;  appariscente. 
Flask ;  fiaschetta. 
Flat  ;     i.     appartamento.       2. 

pianura.       3.    basso    fondo. 

4.    piatto,   piano.      5.    bim- 

molle.      6.  semplicione.     7. 

languido    (commercio).       8. 

insipido,  sventato.     9.  smor- 

zalo  (colore).     10.   Give  a  — 

denial,   ricusare  nettamente. 

1 1 .   Lay  — ,  appianare  ;  Lie 

down  — ,  appianarsi ;  Lie  — 

on  the  ground,  stendersi  per 

lerra. 

Flat-bottomed ;  a  fondo  piano. 
Flat-iron  ;  ferro  da  stirare. 
Flatly ;  nettamente. 
Flatness  ;  pianezza. 
Flat-nosed ;  camuso. 
Flat-race ;  corsa  piana. 
Flatten ;    appianare,    spianare, 

schiacciare. 

Flatter ;  lusingare,  adulare. 
Flatterer;  adulatore. 
Flattering ;  lusinghiero. 
Flattery ;  adulazione,  lusinga. 
Flatting ;  smorzamento. 
Flatulen-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Flatus;  tl.uo. 
Flaunt;    far   pompa   di,   sfog- 

giare. 

Flaunting;  sfarzoso. 
Flavour;   i.  sapore,  gusto.     2. 

dare  sapore  o  gusto. 
Flavourless ;      senza     sapore, 

senza  sale. 

Flaw ;  difetto,  tacca. 
Flawless ;  senza  difetto,  spec- 

chiato. 
Flax ;  lino. 

Flax-brake ;  maciulla. 
Flaxen ;  biondo. 
Flax-mill ;  filatoio  di  lino. 
Flay ;  scorticare,  scoiare. 
Flea ;  pulce. 

Flea-bane  ;  erba  da  pulci. 
Flea-bite;    i.  morso  di  pulce. 

2.  bagatella. 
Fleam ;  lancetta. 
Fleck ;      i.      macchietta.        2. 

macchiettare. 
Fledge  ;  coprire  di  penne.     Be 

— d,  impiumarsi. 


Fledged  ;  pennuto,  piumato. 
Fledgeling ;  uccello  giovane. 
Flee;  i.  fuggire,  scappare.  2. 

—  from,  scansare. 
Fleece;    i.   vello.      2.    tosare, 

scorticare.      3.    Golden    — , 

tosone  d'  oro. 
Fleeced;    i.   lanuto.      2.  scor- 

ticato. 
Fleecy  ;   lanuto,  velloso,  bian- 

cheggiante. 
Fleer;  beffeggiare. 
Fleet;     i.    flotta.      2.    rapido, 

veloce.      3.    —  the   tackle, 

rifare,  ripigliare  o  riprendere, 

il  paranco. 

Fleeting ;  passeggero. 
Flemish  ;  fiammingo. 
Flesh  ;  i.  carne.     2.  polpa. 
Fleshbrush ;    spazzola   da   fri- 

zione. 

Flesh-colour ;  carnagione. 
Flesh-coloured ;  color  carne. 
Flesh-eating ;  carnivoro. 
Flesh-fly  ;   mosca  carnina. 
Flesh-hook ;  gancio. 
Flesh-pot ;  marmitta. 
Flesh-wound;  ferita non pene- 

trante. 
Fleshy;    i.   carnoso.      2.  pol- 

puto. 

Fleur-de-lis  ;  fiordaliso. 
Flexible  ;  flessibile. 
Flexion ;  flessione. 
Flick ;    toccar   collo   scudiscio, 

pizzicotlare.     —  off,  levar  di 

scatto. 
Flicker ;  ondeggiare,  tremolare, 

svolazzare. 

Flier  ;  che  vola,  volante. 
Flight;     i.     fuga.       2.     volo, 

volata.        3.      stormo.        4. 

scala,  branca  di  scala,  gra- 

dinata. 
Flighty ;    leggero,   incostante, 

balzano. 
Flimsy;    i.    leggero,   poco  re- 

sistente,     fiacco.       2.     carta 

velina,    con    copia    d'    una 

letlera. 
Flinch ;  indietreggiare,  ritirarsi 

per  dolore  o  paura. 
Fling;    i.   getto.       2.   gettare, 

lanciare.     3.  —  away,  rinun- 

ciare  a.    4.  —  off,  respingere. 

5.    —   open,   aprire   rapida- 

mente.      6.    —  out,   gettar 

fuori. 
Flint ;    i.    ciottolo,    selce.      2. 

pietra  focaia. 

Flint-glass  ;  vetro  di  rocca. 
Flinty ;  siliceo. 
Flinty-hearted ;  spietato. 
Flip;  i .  biscottino, buffetto.    2. 

Egg-flip,  zabaione.     3.  dare 

un  biscottino  a. 
Flippancy ;  impertinenza. 
Flippant ;    linguacciuto,   petu- 

lante,  lesto,  disinvolto. 
Flipper;  natatoia. 
Flirt;    i.  civettuola.     2.  civet- 
tare,  amoreggiare. 
Flirtation ;     amoreggiamento, 

civetteria. 
Flit  ;     i.     volare,     svolazzare, 

aleggiare.       2.      andarsene, 

sloggiare. 
Flitch  ;  lardone,  costereccio  di 

porco. 
Flitting ;  sloggiamento. 


FLOAT— FORCE 


xlvii 


Float;   i.  sughero  (da  pesca). 

2.  pala  (di  ruota  di  mulino). 

3.  galleggiare,  stare  a  galla. 

4.  —  off,  rimettere  a  galla, 
fare   rigalleggiare,  scagliare. 

5.  avviare,  lanciare  (un1  im- 
presa    mercantile).       6.    — 
down,  discendere. 

Flocculent ;  fioccoso. 

Flock ;   i .  gregge,  stormo,  man- 

dra.     i.  fiocco,  bioccolo.     3. 

borra.     4.  affollarsi. 
Flock-bed ;  letto  di  borra. 
Flocking;  concorso. 
Floe ;  v.  Ice-floe. 
Flog ;    frustare,  sferzare,  staffi- 

lare. 
Flood;    i.   piena,  diluvio.     2. 

inondare. 

Flood-gate;  cateratta. 
Flooding;  perdita. 
Floor;    i.    pavimento,    suolo, 

impiantito,      tavolato.        2. 

piano.       3.    impiantire.       4. 

atterrare.       5.     sconcertare. 

6.  On    the    same    — ,    allo 
stesso  livello,  alia  pari. 

Flop;  i.  cascata  disordinata. 
2.  —  down,  gettare,  o  get- 
tarsi  giu  scompigliatamente, 
alia  rinfusa.  3.  —  about, 
sguazzare. 

Flora,  Floral ;  id. 

Florentine  iris ;  giaggiolo. 

Florescence;  fioritura. 

Floret ;  flosculo. 

Floriculture ;  fioricultura. 

Florid;  i.  fiorito.     2.  florido. 

Floridness ;  stile  fiorito. 

Florin ;  fiorino. 

Florist;  fiorista. 

Floss ;  piumino,  borra.    —  silk,  • 
filaticcio,  fioretto. 

Flotilla;  flottiglia. 

Flotsam  and  jetsam ;  rigetto 
del  mare. 

Flounce ;  balza,  piega,  falpala, 
guarnizione. 

Flounder;  i.  specie  di  passera 
(pesce),  Platessa  flesus.  2. 
dimenarsi,  dibattersi.  3.  im- 
pappinarsi. 

Flour ;  i .  farina ;  Fine  — ,  nor 
di  farina,  i.  fecola. 

Flour-bin;  madia. 

Flourish;  i.  paraffa.  ^.  tratto 
di  penna,  ghirigoro.  3.  fiore 
di  parlare,  ornamento.  4. 
fioritura.  5.  fanfare,  trom- 
bata.  6.  fiorire.  7.  fare  il 
mulinello  (con  Una  spada). 

Flourishing;  florido,  fiorente. 

Flour-mill ;  mulino. 

Floury;  farinoso. 

Flout;  i.  motteggio,  burla.  i. 
motteggiare,  schernire,  bur- 
larsi  di. 

Flow;  i.  corrente,  scolo.  2. 
flusso,  marea  montante.  3. 
copia,  aMxmdanza.  4.  co- 
lare,  scorrere.  5.  provenire. 
6.  montare,  crescere,  innal- 
zarsi  (marea).  7.  —  away, 
fuggire,  scappare,  trascorrere. 
8.  — •  back,  rifluire.  9.  - 
in,  affluire.  10.  —  over, 
traboccare,  inondare,  alla- 
gare. 

Flower;  i.  fiore.     2.  fiorire. 
Flower-bearing;  a  fiori. 


Flower-bed ;  aiuola. 

Flower-bud;  gemma. 

Flowered;  fiorito,  ricamato  a 
fiori. 

Floweret;  fiorellino. 

Flower-grower ;  fioricultore. 

Flowering ;  da  fiori  (piante). 

Flower-painter;  fiorista. 

Flower-piece ;  quadro  di  fiori. 

Flower-pot ;  vaso  da  fiori. 

Flower-show ;  esposizione  di 
fiori. 

Flower- stalk;  peduncolo. 

Flower-stand ;  canestra  da 
fiori,  portavasi. 

Flowery;  fiorito. 

Flowing;  corrente,  scorrevole, 
che  cola,  che  scaturisce, 
volubile. 

Fluctuate ;  fluttuare,  variare. 

Flue  ;  gola  di  camino. 

Fluency;  speditezza. 

Fluent ;  scorrevole,  spedito, 
copioso,  facondo. 

Fluently ;  correntemente,  cor- 
rente, speditamente. 

Fluff;  borra,  lanugine,  piumo- 
sita,  piumaccia. 

Fluffy;  piumoso,  cotonoso. 

Fluid;  id. 

Fluidity;  fluid-ita,  -ezza. 

Fluke ;  i .  scazzata.  2.  marra. 
3.  coda  (di  balena).  4. 
bisciola,  linguattola. 

Flummery;  sciocchezze. 

Flunkey;  lacche. 

Fluorine ;  fluore. 

Fluor-spar;  fluore,  spato. 

Flurry ;  agitazione. 

Flush;  i.  rossore.  2.  accesso, 
trasporto.  3.  flussi.  4.  ben 
munito.  5.  —  with,  a  fiore 
di.  6.  animare,  inebbriare, 
far  arrossire,  eccitare.  7.  far 
alzare  (uccelli). 

Flushed;  i.  rosso.  2.  esal- 
tato. 

Flushing;  rossezza. 

Fluster;  i.  agitazione.  2.  agi- 
tare,  stordire,  sbalordire. 

Flute;  i.  flauto.     2.  scanalare. 

Flute-player ;  flautista. 

Fluting;  scanalatura,  rigame. 
Flutter;  i.  battito  (d*  ali), 
aleggiamento.  2.  agitazione, 
emozione.  3.  disordinare, 
stordire,  turbare.  4.  svolaz- 
zare,  dimenarsi. 

Flux ;  i .  flusso.  2.  fondente. 
Fly;  t.  mosca.  2.  vettura.  3. 
sparato  dei  calzoni.  4.  volare. 
5.  fuggire.  6.  —  about, 
svolazzare.  7.  —  asunder, 
spezzarsi.  8.  —  at,  assalire, 
avventarsi  su.  9.  —  away, 
pigliare  il  volo.  —  back, 
rivolare.  10.  —  by,  passare 
rapidamente.  1 1 .  —  into  a 
rage,  entrare  in  furia.  12. 
—  off,  involarsi,  fuggire. 
13.  —  open,  aprirsi  subita- 
neamente,  o  improwisa- 
mente.  14.  —  up,  montare. 
ij.  —  a  flag,  battere  una 
bandiera. 

Fly-blow;  cacchione. 
Fly-blown;  infettato  con  cac- 

chioni. 

Fly -book  ;  libretto  contenente 
mosche  artificiali. 


Fly-catcher;  chiappa  mosche, 

balia. 
Fly-driver ;     vetturino,     coc- 

chiere. 
Fly-fishing ;  pesca  con  mosche 

artificiali. 

Fly-flap ;  cacciamosche. 
Flying;  r.  il  volare.  2.  volante. 

3.  —  colours,  bandiere  spie- 

gate. 

Flying-fish ;  pesce  volante. 
Flying  party ;  avanguardia. 
Fly-paper;  carta  moschicida. 
Fly-sheet ;  carta  volante,  stam- 

piglia. 

Flywheel;  volante. 
Foal;    i.  puledro.     2.  figliare. 
Foam;    i.  schiuma,  bava.     2. 

spumare,  far  bava. 
Fob;    i.  taschino.     2.  —  off, 

far   passare,  dare   ad  inten- 

dere. 

Foc-al,  -us;  foe-ale,  -o. 
Fodder;  foraggio. 
Foe ;  nemico. 
Foetus;  feto. 

Fog;  i.  nebbia.     2.  guaime. 
Foggy;  nebbioso. 
Foible;  debole. 
Foil;    i.    foglia,    orpello.      2. 

fioretto.     3.  sventare. 
Foist ;  far  passare. 
Fold;     i.    piega,    ripiegatura. 

2.  pecorile.     3.  volta ;   Ten 
— ,  dieci  volte.-    4.  stringere 
(nelle   braccia),   congiungere 
(le  mani),  incrociare  (le  brac- 
cia).    5.  piegare.     6.  —  up, 
avvolgere.     7.  stabbiare. 

Folding   (chair,   screen,  etc.) ; 

pieghevole. 

Folding-door;  porta  a battenti. 
Foliage ;  fogliame. 
Folio;  i.  in-foglio.     2.  foglio. 
Folk;  gente. 
Folk-lore ;  le  tradizioni  popo- 

lari. 
Follow;    i.  seguire,  inseguire, 

tener  dietro.      2.  esercitare. 

3.  risultare. 
Follower;  seguace. 
Following;  seguente. 
Follow-my-leader;  specie  di 

giuoco  fanciullesco. 
Folly;  scioccezza,  follia. 
Foment;  id. 
Fomentation;  fomenta. 
Fond;    i.  appassionato,  vago, 

invaghito.       2.     matto.      3. 

Get  —  of,  affezionarsi  a. 
Fondle ;  accarezzare. 
Fondly;  teneramento. 
Fondness;    j.    tenerezza.      2. 

gusto,  inclinazione. 
Font ;  fonte  battesimale. 
Fontanel ;  fontanella. 
Food;   cibo,  mangiare,  viveri, 

vitto,  pasto,  provvigioni. 
Fool;     i.    sciocco,    scimunito, 

stupido,  imbecille,  insensate. 

2.    gabbare,   beffarsi  di.     3. 

—  away,  scialacquare,  buttar 

via.     4.  Play  the  — ,  fare  il 

pazzo,   matteggiare,    pazzeg- 

giare. 
Foolery ;    sciocchezza,   pazzia, 

inezia,  grullaggine. 
Foolhardy ;  ardito,  temerario. 
Foolish;  imprudente,  indiscre- 

to,  scipido,  spensierato. 


Foolishness;  spensierataggine, 

spensieratezza,  imprudenza. 
Fool's   cap;    i.    scettro   della 
follia.      2.   Foolscap   paper, 
carta  ministro. 

Foot;  i.  piede,  zampa.  2. 
fanteria.  3.  Set  on  — , 
mettere  in  piedi.  4.  Go  on 
— ,  andare  a  piedi.  5.  —  of 
a  dinner-table,  uno  dei  capi 
d'  una  tavola  da  pranzo. 
Foot-and-mouth  disease ; 

stomatite  epizootica. 
Foot-ball;  i .  pallone  pel  giuoco 
del    calcio.       2.     il    giuoco 
stesso. 
Foot-bath;    bagno    di    piedi, 

pediluvio. 
Foot-board;  marciapiedi,posa- 

piedi. 

Foot-boy;  paggio. 
Foot-bridge;  cavalcavia,  pon- 

ticello. 
Foot-hold ;  punto  d'  appoggio, 

presa  pel  piede. 

Foot-lights ;  ribalta  (more  ex- 
actly, lumi  della  ribalta). 
Footman;  domestico. 
Footmark;  orma. 
Footpad;  grassatore. 
Foot-passenger ;  pedone. 
Footpath ;  sentiero  stretto. 
Foot-pavement ;  marciapiede. 
Foot-post ;  corriere  a  piedi. 
Foot -rest;  canapeino. 
Foot-rule;     regolo,   quadrello 
(della  lunghezza  d'  un  piede). 
Foot-scraper ;  puliscipiedi. 
Foot-soldier;  fantaccino. 
Footsore ;  coi  piedi  laceri,  che 

ha  male  ai  piedi. 
Footstep;  i.  passa.    2.  traccia, 

vestigio. 

Footstool;  posapiedi. 
Foot-warmer;  scaldapiedi. 
Foot -wiper;  puliscipiedi. 
Fop;  bellimbusto. 
Foppery;  ostentazione,  attilla- 

tezza. 

Foppish ;  attillato,  azzimato. 
For;  i.  per,  per  cagione  di; 
As — ,  quantoa.  2.  durante. 
3.  malgrado.  4.  poiche, 
perche.  5.  But  — ,  senza 
di. 

Forage;   i.  foraggi-o.     2. -are. 
Forage-cap;  berretto  di  bassa 

tenuta. 

Forager;  foraggiere. 
Foramen ;  forame. 
Forasmuch  as ;  giacche. 
Foray;  scorreria. 
Forbear ;     fare    a    meno    di, 

astenersi,  non  volere. 
Forbearance ;  pazienza,  asten- 

sione,  tolleranza. 
Forbearing ;    indulgente,    pa- 

ziente. 

Forbid ;  proibire,  vietare,  inter- 
dire,  impedire. 
Forbidding;  ripugnante,  spia- 

cevole. 

Force;  i.  forza.  2.  forzare, 
costringere.  3.  aprire  con 
forza.  4.  By  main  — ,  a  viva 
forza.  5.  In  — ,  vigente. 
6.  —  in,  conficcare.  7.  — 
back,  respingere.  8.  —  down, 
far  discendere.  9.  —  from, 
strappare,  estorcere.  10.  — 


xlviii 


FORCED— FRAM I NG 


on,    obbligare    a    prendere. 

II.    —  oneself  on,   imporsi 

a.      12.  —  open,  sconficcare. 

13.  maturate  in  serra. 
Forced ;    i.    affettato.      2.    di 

serra,  forzato. 
Forceful;  poderoso. 
Forcemeat;  ripieno,  battuto. 
Forcemeat -ball;  polpetta. 
Forceps;  forcipe. 
Force-pump ;      pompa     pre- 

mente. 
Forcible;     i.    forte,    potente, 

energico,  efficace,  impetuoso. 

i.  forzato. 
Forcibly ;  fortemente,  per  forza, 

chiaramente,     efficacemente, 

con  molta  forza. 
Forcing;  coltivazione  a  calore 

artificiale. 

Forcing-house ;  serra  calda. 
Forcing-pit ;  vetrata  con  sotto 

un  letamaio. 

Ford;  i.  guad-o.     2.  -are. 
Fordable;  guadabile. 
Fore;    i.    d'   innanzi.      2.    di 

prua,   di   trinchetto.      3.  — 

and  aft,  aurico. 
Forearm ;  avambraccio. 
Forearmed ;  premunito,  avver- 

tito. 

Forebears;  avi,  antenati. 
Forebode ;  presagire. 
Foreboding;    i.  presago.      2. 

presentimento. 

Fore-cabin ;  cabina  di  prua. 
Forecast;  i.  prevedimento.   2. 

prevedere. 

Forecastle ;  castello  di  prua. 
Forecourt ;  anticorte. 
Foredoom ;  predestinare. 
Forefathers;  antenati. 
Forefinger;  indice. 
Forefoot ;  piede  d'  avanti. 
Forego ;  rinunciare  a. 
Foregoing ;  precedente. 
Foregone ;  gia  fatta(decisione). 
Foreground ;  primo  piano. 
Forehead;  fronte. 
Foreign ;  i .  straniero,  forestiero, 

estero ;  —  Office,   ministero 

degli    esteri.      2.    estraneo, 

alieno. 

Foreigner;  straniero, forestiere. 
Forejudge;  pregiudicare. 
Foreknow ;  sapere  avanti. 
Foreknowledge ;  prescienza. 
Foreland ;  promontorio. 
Foreleg ;  gamba  anteriore. 
Forelock ;  ciuffo  frontale. 
Foreman ;    i .    capo,   capofab- 

brica.     2.  (print.)  proto. 
Foremast ;  albero  di  trinchetto. 
Foremost;  primo,  primario. 
Forenoon ;  mattina. 
Forensic;  forense. 
Foreordain ;  preordinare. 
Forepart ;  parte  anteriore. 
Forepaw ;  zampa  anteriore. 
Forerunner ;  precursore. 
Foresail;  trinchetto. 
Foresee ;  prevedere. 
Foreshadow ;     simboleggiare, 

far  presentire. 
Foreshore ;  spiaggia,  lido. 
Foreshorten ;  raccorciare. 
Foreshortening ;       raccorcia- 

mento. 

Foreshow;  predire. 
Foresight;  previsione. 


Foreskin;  prepuzio. 
Forest ;  bosco,  foresta,  selva. 
Forest  ranger;    guardia  fore- 
stale. 
Forestall ;     prevenire,     antici- 

pare. 
Forester;    abitante   di   bosco, 

guardaboschi. 
Forestry;  silvicultura. 
Foretaste;  pregustamento.   To 

have  a  —  of,  pregustare. 
Foretell;  predire. 
Forethought ;  previdenza,  pre- 

meditazione. 
Foretop;  i.  frontino,  ciuffo.     2. 

coffa  di  trinchetto. 
Foretop-gallant  mast;  albe- 

retto  di  velaccio  di  trinchetto. 
Foretop-gallant  sail;  velaccio 

di  trinchetto. 
Foretop-mast;  albero  di  par- 

rocchetto. 
Forewarn  ;  prevenire,  dare  av- 

viso,  avvertire  avanti. 
Forewheel ;  ruota  davanti. 
Forewoman ;    maestra,   prima 

lavorante. 
Forfeit ;    i.    multa,   pena.     2. 

confiscate.      3.    perdere  per 

sequestrazione,       demeritare 

(la  fiduc.ia  di). 
Forfeiture ;  confiscazione,  per- 

dita. 
Forge;    i.   fucina,  ferriera.     2. 

fabbricare.       3.   contraffare, 

falsificare,     coniare     monete 

false.     4.  —  ahead,  passare 

avanti. 
Forger;  falsario,  contraffatore, 

falsamonete. 
Forgery;  contraffazione,  falso, 

falsificazione. 

Forget ;  dimenticare,  scordare. 
Forgetful ;  scordevole,  dimen- 

tico,  dimenticone. 
Forgetfulness ;    dimenticanza, 

dimenticaggine,  negligenza. 
Forget-me-not ;     non-ti-scor- 

dar-di-me,  talco  celeste. 
Forgettable ;  che  si  puo  dimen- 
ticare. 

Forgetting;  oblio. 
Forgive;  perdonare,condonare. 
Forgiveness;  perdono. 
Forgiving ;     indulgente,     cle- 

mente. 
Fork ;     i .   forca,    bidente.       2. 

forchetta.      3.    bifurcazione. 

4.    inforcare.       5.    —    out, 

sborsare. 

Forked;  forcuto. 
Fork-tailed  petrel ;  procellaria 

a  coda  forcuta. 
Forlorn ;     smarrito,    abbando- 

nato. 
Form  ;   i .   forma,  guisa,  foggia. 

2.  panca,  sedile.     3.  classe. 

4.  covo  di  lepre.      5.  In  due 

— ,  in  regola.     6.   For  — 's 

sake,  per  modo  di  dire.     7. 

formalita.     8.  formare. 
Formal;   i.  formale,  in  regola. 

2.  cerimonioso,    manieroso. 

3.  purely  — ,  senza  sostanza, 
senza  realta. 

Formal-ism,   -ist,   -ity;    id. 

For  the  sake  of  — ity,   per 

onor  di  lettera. 
Formally ;  formalmente. 
Form-ation,  -ative;  id. 


Former;  i.  primo,  antico.  2. 
precedente. 

Formerly ;  altre  volte,  gia. 

Formidable;  id. 

Formul-a,  -ary,  -ate;  for- 
mol-a,  -ario,  -are. 

Fornic-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Forsake;  abbandonare. 

Forsooth;  davvero. 

Forswear;  abiurare. 

Fort ;  fortezza,  forte. 

Fortalice ;  fortilizio. 

Forth;  fuori. 

Forthcoming;  i.  che  sta  per 
uscire,  o  arrivare,  pronto  a 
apparire.  2.  to  be  — ,  esser 
la,  esser  pronto,  non  man- 
care. 

Forthright;  difilato. 

Forthwith ;  subito,  inconta- 
nente. 

Fortieth ;  quarantesimo. 

Fortification;  id. 

Fortify;  i.  fortificare.  2.  al- 
coolizzare. 

Fortitude ;  forza  d'  animo,  pa- 
zienza,  coraggio. 

Fortnight;  quindicina,  quindici 
giorni.  This  day  — ,  oggi 
.  quindici,  di  qui  a  quindici 
giorni. 

Fortnightly;  quindicinale. 

Fortress ;  fortezza,  piazza  forte. 

Fortuitous;  fortuito. 

Fortunate;  id. 

Fortune;   i.   fortuna.    2.  caso. 

3.  dote.     4.  avere.     5.  sorte. 
Fortune-hunter;  cacciatore  di 

doti. 

Fortune-teller;  indovina. 

Fortune-telling ;  indovina- 
mento. 

Forty ;  quaranta. 

Forum  ;  foro. 

Forward;  i.  innanzi,  avanti; 
From  that  time  — ,  da  quel 
giorno  in  poi.  2.  avanzato, 
precoce.  3.  presuntuoso. 

4.  primaticcio.      5.  spedire. 
6.     promuovere,    secondare, 
inoltrare. 

Forwarder;  mandatore,  spedi- 
tore. 

Fosse;  fosso. 

Fossick;  frugolare. 

Fossil,  -ise ;  id. 

Foster ;  nutrire,  sostentare,  fa- 
vorire. 

Foster-brother ;  fratello  di 
latte. 

Foster-father;  balio. 

Fostering;  i.  tenero,  protet- 
tore.  2.  mantenimento,  pro- 
tezione,  cure. 

Foster-mother;  balia. 

Foster-sister;  sorella  di  latte. 

Foul;  i.  sporco,  sudicio,  tor- 
bido,  viziato.  2.  ingorgato, 
imbrogliato.  3.  perfido, 
sleale.  4.  contrario  (vento), 
cattivo,  burrascoso  (tempo). 

5.  By  fair  means  or  — ,  per 
amore  o  per  forza.     6.  Run 
—    of,    investire,   abbordare 
accidentalmente,  urtarsi  con- 
tro.    7.  sporcare,  imbrattare, 
intorbidare. 

Foully ;  vergognosamente. 
Foul-mouthed;  maledico, mal- 
dicente,  dal  linguaggio  rozzo. 


Foulness ;    sporcizia,    immon- 

dezza. 
Found;   i.  stabilire,  metier  su. 

2.  fondare. 
Foundation;    i.   fondamento, 

base.       2.    fondazione.       3. 

borsa ;    —  scholar,  borsista. 
Foundation-stone;  prima  pie- 

tra. 
Founder;     i.    fondatore.      i. 

fonditore. 
Founder ;   i .  affondare,  andare 

a  picco.     2.  — eel,  storpiato. 
Foundling;  trovatello.   — hos- 
pital, ospizio  dei  trovatelli. 
Foundress;  fondatrice. 
Foundry;  fonderia. 
Fount;  i.  sorgente.    2.  occhio, 

corpo  (di  carattere). 
Fountain  ;  fontana,  getto  d'  ac- 

qua. 
Four ;    quattro.      On   all   — s, 

carpone. 
Four-cornered ;      quadrango- 

lare. 

Fourfold;  quadruple. 
Four-footed;  quadrupede. 
Four-horse ;     a     quattro    ca- 

valli.       —     team,     tiro     a 

quattro. 
Four-post    bed;    letto  a  co- 

lonne. 

Fourscore;  ottanta. 
Four-square;  quadrato. 
Fourteen;  quattordici. 
Fourteenth  ;   quattordicesimo, 

decimoquarto. 

Fourthly ;  in  quarto  luogo. 
Four-wheeled ;    con    quattro 

ruote. 
Fowl;    i.    polio.      2.    uccello, 

volatile. 

Fowler;  uccellatore. 
Fowl-house;  pollaio. 
Fowling-piece;  fuciledacaccia. 
Fox;    i.    volpe,    volpone.      2. 

usar  astuzie. 
Foxglove;  digitale,  erba  aral- 

da. 

Fox-hunting;  caccia  alia  volpe. 
Fox-tail;  alopecuro. 
Foxy;  scaltro. 
Fracas;  fracasso. 
Fraction ;     frazione.       Simple 

— ,  frazione  ordinaria. 
Fractional ;  frazionario. 
Fractious;   dispettoso,  imper- 

malito. 
Fracture;  i.  frattura.    2.  rom- 

pere. 

Frag-ile,  -ility;  id. 
Fragment;  frammento. 
Fragmentary ;  frammentario. 
Fragran-ce,  -t;  id. 
Frail ;  debole,  frale. 
Frailty;  fralezza. 
Frame;     i.    cornice,   imposta, 

telaio,  intelaiatura,   castello, 

battente  (di  porta),  armatura 

(d1   ombrello),    impalcatura, 

vetrata   (per  fiori).      2.  dis- 

posizione ;   In  a  right  -. —  of 

mind,  ben  disposto.     3.  for- 
mare, costruire.     4.  inquad- 

rare. 
Frame-maker;   fabbricante  di 

cornici. 
Frame-work;  armatura,  ossa- 

tura,  intelaiatura,  carcame. 
Framing;  formazione,z>.Frame. 


FRANC— FULL 


xlix 


Franc ;  franco,  lira. 

France ;   Francis. 

Franchise  ;    franchigia,  diritto 

al  voto,  diritto  elettorale. 
Franciscan ;  francescano. 
Frangipane ;  id. 
Frank;  i.  franco,  leale, sincere, 

schietto.     2.  affrancare. 
Frankincense ;  incenso. 
Frankness  ;  franchezza  ecc.,  v. 

Frank. 

Frantic ;  matto,  furioso. 
Fraternal;  fraterno. 
Fratern-ity,  -ise;  id. 
Fratricide ;    i.   fratri-cida.     i. 

-cidio. 

Fraud ;  frode,  inganno. 
Fraudulence ;  fraudolenza. 
Fraudulent ;  fraudolente. 
Fraught ;  pieno,  caricato.     — 

with,  destinato  a  recare. 
Fraxinella ;  frassinella. 
Fray;   i.  combattimento,  rissa, 

zuffa.     2.  sfilacciare. 
Freak ;  capriccio,  ghiribizzo. 
Freakishness ;  capricciosita. 
Freckle  ;  lentiggine.    — d,  mac- 

chiettato,  lentigginoso. 
Free;   i.  libero.     2.  franco.     3. 

gratuito,  di  favore  (biglietto). 

4.       disinvolto,      familiare  ; 

Make  —  with,  usare  senza 

permesso.    5.  —  from,  esente 

da.     6.   —  with,  prodigo  di. 

7.  — to.aperto  a.    8.  —  and 

easy,  senza  riguardo.    9.  Get 

—  from,  svincolarsi  da.      10. 

Set   — ,   liberare,  sciogliere, 

svincolare,  dare  esito  a. 
Freebooter ;  filibustiere. 
Freedman;  liberto. 
Freedom  ;  i.  hberta,  esenzione. 

2.  scioltezza  (di  linguaggio). 

3.  franchigia,  maestranza. 
Freehand  drawing;  disegnare 

a  mano  libera. 

Free-handed ;  largo,  liberate. 
Freehold ;    proprieta   fondiaria 

(esente  di  condizioni). 
Freeholder;   i.  proprietario (di 

bene  stabile  senza  condizioni). 

2.  quello  a  cui  un  bene  stabile 

ritornera    al    termine   d'   un 

affitto  temporaneo. 
Free  liver ;  bontempone. 
Free    living ;    vita    gaudente, 

buona  tavola. 
Freely;  lil>eramente,  volentieri, 

gratuitamente. 
Freemason ;  frammassone. 
Freeness ;  franchezza. 
Freestone  ;  pietra  da  taglio. 
Freethinker ;  libero  pensatore. 
Free  trade  ;  libero  scambio. 
Freetrader ;  libero  scambista. 
Freewill ;    libero   arbitrio.     Of 

his  own  free  will,  di  suo  bon 

grado. 
Freeze ;  gelare,  congelare,  ag- 

ghiacciare. 
Freezing  machine ;    apparec- 

chio  congelatore. 
Freezing  mixture ;    miscuglio 

frigorifero. 
Freezing-point;  puntodicon- 

gelazione. 
Freight;   i.  nolo,  noleggio.    2. 

carico.     3.  noleggiare. 
French  ;  francese.  —  partridge, 

pernice. 

H. 


French  beans;  fagiolini,  bac- 

celli. 
French    honeysuckle;     lupi- 

nello. 
French      lavender ;      stecade 

arabica. 
French  polish ;  vernice  all1  al- 

cool. 
French   window ;    porta-fine- 

stra. 

Frenchify;  francesare. 
Frenzied;  frenetico, forsennato. 
Frenzy;  frenesia,  delirio. 
Frequen-cy,  -t,  -tative ;  id. 
Frequenter ;  frequentatore. 
Frequently ;  sovente. 
Fresco ;  alfresco. 
Fresh ;      fresco,    recente.       — 

water,  acqua  dolce. 
Freshen ;  rinfrescare. 
Freshet ;  piena. 
Fret;    i.  irritarsi,  agitarsi.     2. 

rodere,     fregare.       3.     inta- 

gliare. 
Fretful ;   irritabile,  stizzoso,  di 

cattivo  umore. 
Fretwork;    intaglio,   lavoro  di 

rilievo. 

Fri-able,  -ability;  id. 
Friar;    frate,   monaco.      Black 

— ,  domenicano.     Grey   — , 

francescano.    White  — ,  car- 

melitano. 

Friary;  convento. 
Fribble ;  baloccare. 
Fricandeau ;  fricando. 
Fricassee ;  fricassea. 
Friction ;  frizione,  fregamento, 

attrito,  confricazione.    Initial 

— ,  attrito  di  primo  distacco. 

Sliding  — •,   attrito   radente. 

Rolling  — ,  attrito  volvente. 

—    clutch,    sconnettitore    a 

frizione. 
Friday ;    venerdl.       Good    — , 

venerdl  santo. 
Fried;  fritto. 
Friend ;  amico,  partigiano. 
Friendless ;  senza  amici. 
Friendliness ;        disposizione, 

amichevole. 
Friendly ;    amichevole,    bene- 

vole.     —  society,  societa  di 

mutuo  soccorso. 
Friendship ;  amicizia. 
Friesland ;  Frisia. 
Frieze ;    i.    tela   di   frisa.      2. 

fregio. 

Frigate ;  fregata. 
Frigate-bird;  fregata. 
Fright;  i.  spavento.    2.  orrore. 

3.     Take     — ,     spaventarsi, 

ombrare  (cavallo). 
Frighten ;   spaventare,  impau- 

rire. 
Frightful ;      i.     spaventevole, 

terribile.     2.  brutto.     What 

a   —   dress,    che    orrore    di 

vestito. 

Frightfully ;  terribilmente. 
Frightfulness ;  orrore,  terrore. 
Frigid ;  freddo,  frigido. 
Frill;     i.    lattuga,    gala,    trina 

increspata,    carta    ritagliata. 

2.   increspare. 
Fringe;   i.  orlo,  frangia,  bordo. 

2.  frangiare. 
Frippery ;  roba  usata. 
Frisk;    saltellare,  sgambettare, 

dimenarsi. 


Frisket;  fraschetta. 

Friskiness;  vivaciti,  gaiezza. 

Frisky;  vispo,  irrequieto,  mat- 
terello. 

Frith  ;  braccio  di  mare. 

Fritillary;  id. 

Fritter;  r.  frittella,  fetta  fritta, 
pezzettino.  2.  sminuzzare. 
3.  —  away,  scialacquare, 
sperdere. 

Frivolity;  frivolezza. 

Frivolous;  frivolo. 

Frizz ;  arricciarsi. 

Frizzle ;  friggere,  grillare. 

Fro ;  to  and  — -,  qua  e  la. 
Going  to  and  — ,  andirivieni. 
Motion  to  and  — ,  moto  di  va 
e  viene. 

Frock ;  vestina,  camiciotto, 
cappuccio  (da  frate). 

Frock-coat ;  soprabito. 

Frog;  i.  ranocchio.  2.  afta. 
3.  alamaro.  4.  fettone, 
spaccatura. 

Frogbit;  ranocchiaia. 

Frolic;  r.  giuoco,  scherzo, 
scappata.  2.  matteggiare, 
scherzare,  saltellare. 

Frolicsome ;  scherzevole,  paz- 
zerello. 

Frolicsomeness ;  gaiezza. 

From ;  da,  per,  sino  da,  a 
partire  da. 

Front;  i.  fronte.  2.  — door, 
porta  d'  entrata'.  3.  davanti, 
facciata.  4.  tesa  (di  cappello 
da  donna),  petto  (di  camicia), 
camiciola.  5.  primo  (rango). 
6.  far  faccia  a,  affrontare, 
fronteggiare,  stare  a  fronte, 
essere  in  faccia  a.  7.  fintino 
(di  capelli).  8.  Change  of 
— ,  conversione.  9.  Eyes 
—  !  fissi  !  10.  Show  a  bold 
— ,  far  viso  ardito,  far  faccia 
tosta.  1 1.  In  —  of,  di  faccia 
a.  12.  — room,  camera  che 
da  sulla  strada.  13.  —  tooth, 
dente  di  davanti. 

Frontage ;  lunghezza  della  fac- 
ciata d'  un  edinzio.  —  land, 
terreno  contiguo  alia  strada 
maestra.  (A  plot)  with  a  — 
of  thirty  feet,  che  ha  una 
lunghezza  di  trenta  piedi 
(sulla  strada). 

Frontager;  frontista. 

Frontal;   i.  id.     2.  frontone. 

Frontier;  i.  confine,  frontiera. 
2.  limitrofo,  confmante. 

Fronting ;  di  faccia  a. 

Frontispiece;  frontispizio. 

Frontlet ;  frontale. 

Frost ;  i .  gelo,  gelata.  Hoar 
— ,  brina,  brinata.  2.  im- 
bianchire,  inzuccherare. 

Frost-bite;  gelo,  congelamento 
(clelle  dita  o  altro). 

Frost-bitten;  gelato,  attaccato 
dal  ghiaccio. 

Frosted ;  ghiacciato. 

Frost-nail ;  chiodo  da  ghiaccio. 

Frost-shoe ;  ferro  da  ghiaccio. 

Frostiness;  freddo  acuto, ghiac- 
cio. 

Frosty ;  ghiacciale. 

Froth;  i.  spuma,  schiuma.  2. 
ampollosita.  3.  far  spumare. 

Frothy;  i.spumoso.  2.  frivolo, 
floscio. 


Frousy ;  puzzolente,  ammuffito. 

Froward;  ritroso,  intrattahile. 

Frown;  i.  cipiglio,  aggrotta- 
rnento,  viso  arcigno.  2.  ac- 
cigliarsi,  increspare  le  ciglia. 

Frowning;  burbero,  arcigno. 

Frowsty,  Frowzy;  v.  Frousy. 

Frozen ;  gelato.  —  ocean, 
mare  glaciale.  —  in,  rin- 
chiuso  nel  ghiaccio.  —  out, 
messo  fuori  di  lavoro  pel 
ghiaccio.  —  over,  gelato. 

Fructification;  fruttificazione. 

Fructify;  fruttare. 

Frugal,  -ity;  id. 

Frugivorous ;  frugivoro. 

Fruit;   i.   frutto.     2.  fruttare. 

Fruit-basket;  cesto  delle  frutta. 

—  bearer,  albero  fruttifero. 

—  bearing,    fruttifero.      — 
bud,    gemma   fruttifera. 
dish,   fruttiera.       —   eating, 
fruttivoro.     —  garden,  ver- 
ziere,   frutteto.      —  grower, 
frutticultore.     —  knife,  col- 
telloinargentato.   — market, 
mercato  clelle  frutta.    — •  pie, 
torta  alle   frutta.       —  room, 
deposito  di  frutta.    —  seller, 
fnittivendolo,  fruttaiolo.     — 
shop,  bottega  di  frutta.     • — 
woman,  fruttivendola. 

Fruiterer;  fruttaiolo. 

Fruitful ;  fertile,  fecondo. 

Fruitiness;  forza  (di  vino). 

Fruition ;  id. 

Fruity ;  vinoso,  saporito. 

Frumenty ;  farinata. 

Frump ;  donnaccia,  donnettac- 

cia. 

Frustrate ;  frustrare. 
Frustum ;  tronco,  frusto. 
Fry;   i.   frittura.     2.  small  — , 

pesciolini.     3.  friggere. 
Frying;  frittura. 
Frying-pan  ;  padella. 
Fuchsia ;  fucsia. 
Fuddle ;  ubbriacare. 
Fudge;  frottole. 
Fuel ;  combustibile,  legna,  car- 

boni. 
Fugitive;     r.     fuggitivo.       2. 

passaggero. 
Fugleman;  capofila. 
Fugue ;  fuga. 
Fulcrum ;   punto  d'  appoggio, 

fulcro. 
Fulfil;  r.  adempiere,  compiere. 

2.  appagare  (voto),  realizzare 
(speranza). 

Full;  i.  pieno,  ripieno,  com- 
pleto,  colmo,  intero,  totale, 
sazio,  ampio.  2.  maturo, 

3.  assai,  aflatto.    4.  gualcare, 
sodare.     5.  —  blooded,  san- 
guigno.     6.  —  blown,  sboc- 
ciato.     7.  —  bodied,  che  ha 
corpo.     8.  —  bound,  in  rile- 
gatura  intera.     9.  —  dress, 
abito   di   gala,  gran   tenuta. 
10.     — •    face,    (ritratto)    di 
fronte.     n.  —  fledged,  con 
tutte  le  penne.    12.  —  gallop, 
grangaloppo.    13. — grown, 
fatto,     grande,     pienamente 
cresciuto.      14.    —   growth, 
pieno  sviluppo.    15.  —  moon, 
plenilunio.      16.    —    price, 
prezzo  forte.     17.    —  relief, 
alto   rilievo.      18.    —   size, 

G 


FULLER— GARNISHES 


grandezza  naturale.  19.  — 
steam,  a  tutto  vapore.  20. 
—  tilt,  al  gran  galoppo. 

Fuller ;  gualchiere. 

Fulling ;  il  sodare. 

Fulling-mill ;  gualchiera. 

Fully ;  pienamente,interamente, 
tutto. 

Fulminate;  id. 

Fulness ;  pienezza. 

Fulsome ;  stomachevole. 

Fumble  ;  maneggiare  con  mala 
grazia,  malmenare,  branco- 
lare,  cercare  a  tastoni. 

Fumbler;  malaccorto. 

Fume;  i.  esalazione,  vapore. 
i.  stizza.  3.  esalare,  fumi- 
care.  4.  irritarsi,  adirarsi. 

Fumigate;  affumicare. 

Fumigation ;  suffumigio. 

Fuming ;  rutilante. 

Fumitory ;  fumosterno. 

Fun ;  divertimento,  giuochi, 
passatempo,  bel  tempo,  celia, 
baia.  Make  —  of,  beffarsi 
di.  For  — ,  per  ridere. 

Funambulist ;  funambolo. 

Function ;  funzione,  ufficio. 

Function-al,  -alise,  -ary; 
funzion-ale,  -are,  -ario. 

Fund;  i.  fondo,  capitate; 
Public  — s,  fondi  pubblici, 


rendita  dello  Stato.  2.  con- 
vertire  un  debito  (del  gover- 
no)  in  una  rendita  perma- 
nente. 

Fundament;  sedere. 

Fundamental ;  fondamentale. 

Funded  debt ;  debito  consoli- 
dato. 

Fundholder ;  proprietario  di 
valori  pubblici. 

Funeral;  i.  funerale,  esequie, 
mortorio.  2.  funerale,  fune- 
bre.  3.  Attend  the  — ,  as- 
sistere  alle  esequie.  4.  — 
pile,  rogo,  pira  funerea.  5. 
—  procession,  mortorio,  co- 
mitiva  funebre.  6. — service, 
ufficio  dei  morti. 

Funereal ;  funereo,  lugubre. 

Fungous ;  fungoso. 

Fungus;  fungo. 

Funicular;  funicolare. 

Funk;  i.  tremerella.  2.  tre- 
mare,  temere,  avere  la  tre- 
merella. 

Funnel;  i.  fumaiolo.  3.  im- 
buto,  pevera. 

Funny;  divertente,  comico,  buf- 
fonesco,  bizzarro. 

Fur;  i.  pelliccia.  2.  incrosta- 
zione.  3.  — red,  foderato  di 
pellicce.  4.  incrostato. 


Furbelow;  falpala. 

Furbish ;  forbire. 

Furious ;  furioso. 

Furl ;  ammainare,  serrare,  pie- 

gare. 
Furlong;   stadio  (due  cento  e 

uno  metri). 
Furlough;  licenza. 
Furnace ;  fornace,  forno,  camera 

del  focolare.    Blast  — ,  forno 

alto. 
Furnish ;    fornire,   provvedere, 

munire,    armare,    mobiliare, 

equipaggiare.      — ed  rooms, 

stanze  mobiliate. 
Furniture;  i.  guarnitura, forni- 

mento.     2.   Piece  of — ,  mo- 
bile.    3.  arredo. 
Furniture-dealer;   negoziante 

di  mobili. 

Furrier;  pellicciaio. 
Furrow;   i.  solco.     2.  solcare. 
Furry;   i.  coperto  di  pelliccia. 

2.  caricata  (lingua). 
Further;  i.  ulteriore  ;  Until  — 

orders,  fino  a  nuovo  ordine ; 

At    the    —    end,    all'   altra 

estremita.     2.  avanzare,  pro- 

muovere. 

Furtherance ;  avanzamento. 
Furthermore  ;  oltre  a  cio. 
Furthermost ;  piu  lontano. 


Furtive ;  iJ. 

Fury ;  furia,  furore. 

Furze ;  ginestrone  di  Olanda. 

Fuse;   i.  spoletta.     2.  fondere. 

3.  liquefarsi,  struggersi. 
Fusee ;  i .  fiammifero  schizzante. 

2.   piramide  d'  orologio. 
Fusel  oil;  olio  di  fusel. 
Fusible ;  id.     —  plug,  chiodo 

fusibile,  tappo  di  sicurezza. 
Fusiform ;  id. 
Fusilier;  fuciliere. 
Fusillade ;  fucilata. 
Fusion ;  id. 
Fuss;  i.  maniere,  compliment!, 

chiacchiere,  affaccendamento. 

2.  Make  a  — ,  menar  scalpore. 

3.  affaccendarsi. 
Fussily ;  con  gran  fumo. 
Fussy;  difficoltoso. 
Fust ;  odore  di  muffa. 
Fustian;  fustagno. 
Fustig-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Fut-ile,  -ility;  id. 
Futtock;  scalmo. 

Future;  future,  venturo.  In 
— ,  in  avvenire,  nelP  avve- 
nire. 

Futurity;  id. ,  V  avvenire. 

Fuze ;  spoletta. 

Fuzz ;  spruzzaglia. 

Fuzzy ;  ricciuto  e  aspro. 


Gab ;  parlantina. 

Gabble;   i.  cicalare.     2.  sgor- 

gugliare. 

Gabbler ;  chiacchierone. 
Gabion;  gabbione. 
Gable  ;  la  parte  triangolare  del 

muro  d'  una  casa  die  sta  tra 

le  cime  dei  muri  laterali  e  i 

pendenti  del  tetto. 
Gaby ;  stolido,  scioccone. 
Gad  about ;  girandolare,  vaga- 

bondare. 
Gadfly ;  tafano. 
Gadwall  duck;  canapiglia. 
Gaelic;  gaelico,  gallese. 
Gaff;   i.  uncino,  fiocino,  graffio. 

2.  picco.     3.  —  topsail,  vela 

a  cappello. 
Gaffer;  compare. 
Gag;  i.  bavaglio.    2.  imbavag- 

liare. 

Gage ;  pegno. 
Gaiety;  gaiezza. 
Gaily;  gaiamente. 
Gain;    i.    guadagno.     2.    gua- 

dagnare.     3.    riportare  (vit- 

toria).       4.     andare     avanti 

(oriuolo).     5.  —  over,  allet- 

tare,  convertire.    6.  —  one's 

end,  ottenere  U  suo  intento. 

7.   —  upon,  guadagnar  ter- 

reno  su. 

Gainer;  guadagnatore. 
Gainful ;  utile. 
Gainsay ;  contraddire. 
Gait ;  andamento. 
Gaiter;  ghetta,  uosa. 
Gala;  id. 
Galantine ;  id. 
Galaxy;  galassia. 
Gale;     i.    burrasca,    colpo    di 

vento.     2.  Sweet  — ,  mirica. 


Gall;  i.  fiele.    2.  nocedigalla. 

3.    fregare,    scorticare,    tor- 

mentare,  infastidire. 
Gallant ;  galante,  bravo. 
Gallantly ;  bravamente,  eroica- 

mente,  galantemente. 
Gallantry;    galanteria,    spirito 

cavalleresco. 
Gall-bladder ;     vescicola    del 

fiele. 

Gall-duct;  condotto  biliare. 
Galled ;  scorticato. 
Galleon  ;  galeone. 
Gallery;  galleria,  androne,  log- 
gia. 
Galley;   i.  galera.     2.  fornello. 

3.  cucina.     4.  vantaggio. 
Galley-slave ;  galeotto. 
Gall-fly;  mosca  galla. 
Galliasse ;  galeazza, 
Gallic,  -ism ;  id. 
Galling ;  irritante. 
Gallinule ;  polio  sultano. 
Galliot;  galeotta. 
Gallipot;  barattolo. 
Gallivant ;  andare  a  zonzo. 
Gall-nut;  nocedigalla. 
Gallomaniac ;  gallomane. 
Gallon ;  gallone. 
Galloon ;  gallone. 
Gallop;  i.galopp-o.    2. — are. 

3.  At  a  hand  — ,  al  piccolo 

galoppo. 

Galloper ;  cavallo  che  galoppa. 
Galloway ;  ronzino. 
Gallows;  forca,  patibolo. 
Gallows-bird;  uomo  da  forca, 

forca,  capestro. 
Gall-stone;  calcolo  biliare. 
Galore  ;  a  macca. 
Galosh ;  galoscia. 
Galvan-ic,  -ism,  -ize;  id. 


Gamble;  giuocare. 
Gambler;  giuocatore. 
Gambling-house;    casino   da 

giuocare,   bisca,   biscazza. 
Gamboge  ;  gomma  gotta. 
Gambol;     i.    sgambetto,   cap- 

riolo.     2.    sgambettare,  paz- 

zeggiare. 
Game ;     i.     giuoco,     scherzo, 

passatempo.     2.   caccia,  sel- 

vaggina.      3.     Make   —   of, 

beffarsi     di,     sbeffare.       4. 

coraggioso,  risoluto. 
Game-bag;  carniera. 
Game-cock;  gallo  di  combatti- 

mento. 

Game-keeper;  guardacaccia. 
Game  laws ;    leggi  sulla  cac- 
cia. 

Gamesome ;  scherzoso,  allegro. 
Gamester;  giuocatore. 
Gaming ;  v.  Gamble. 
Gammer ;  comare. 
Gammon;    i.   quartiere  salato 

(del     porco).      2.      frottole. 

3.    abbindolare,  gabbare. 
Gamp ;  ombrellaccio. 
Gamut;  gamma. 
Gander ;  oca  maschio. 
Gang;   banda,  frotta,  squadra, 

cricca. 

Ganglion;  ganglio. 
Gangrene ;  cancrena. 
Gangue ;  ganga. 
Gangway ;    andito,    corridore, 

passavanti. 
Gannet ;    sula,   corvo  di   mare 

bianco. 

Gantry ;  cantiere. 
Gaol ;  carcere. 
Gaoler;  carceriere. 
Gap;  apertura,  buco,  lacuna. 


Gape;  i.  sbadigliare.  2.  cre- 
parsi,  aprirsi,  spalancarsi. 
3.  —  at,  guardare  colla  bocca 
aperta. 

Gaping;  spalancato. 

Garb ;  vestito,  costume,  abito. 

Garbage;  rifiuto,  budellame, 
sozzume. 

Garble  ;  alterare,  falsificare. 
— d  account,  racconto  mag- 
giormente  falso. 

Garden ;  i .  giardino,  orto.  2. 
badare  al  giardino,  fare  il 
giardiniere  ;  I  have  been 
— ing,  ho  lavorato  in  giar- 
dino. 

Gardener ;  giardiniere,  orto- 
lano. 

Garden  stuff;  ortaggi. 

Garfish ;  aguglia. 

Garganey  teal ;  alzavola,  mar- 
zaiola. 

Gargle ;  gargar-ismo,  -izzare. 

Gargoyle ;  grondaia,  doccia 
(sporgente). 

Garibaldi ;  specie  di  blusetta 
da  donna. 

Garish ;  fastoso,  pomposo. 

Garland ;  ghirlanda. 

Garlic;  aglio. 

Garment;  abito,  vestito. 

Garner;  i.  granaio.  2.  am- 
massare. 

Garnet;  i.  granato.  2.  piccolo 
paranco  di  straglio. 

Garnish;  i.  ornamento.  2. 
guarnire,  abbellire. 

Garnishee ;  chi  riceve  ordine 
giudiziario  di  non  pagare  un 
debito  prima  della  soddis- 
fazione  d'  un  altro  debito  da 
parte  del  creditore. 


GAROTTE— GILDING 


li 


Garotte;  strozzare. 
Garret ;  solaio,  soffitta. 
Garreteer ;  poeta  abitante  una 

soffitta. 
Garrison;    i.  guarnigione.     2. 

presidiare. 

Garrulous;  garrulo. 
Garter;    i.  legaccio.      i.  giar- 

rettiera. 

Garth ;  ricinto. 
Gas;  id. 

Gas-bracket ;  braccio  a  gas. 
Gas-burner ;  becco  del  gas. 
Gasconade ;  spacconata. 
Gaselier ;  lampadario  a  gas. 
Gaseous;  gasoso. 
Gas-fitter;  apparecchiatore  di 

gas. 
Gas-fittings;  apparecchio  del 

gas. 
Gash;   i.  sfregio,  sberleffe.     2. 

sfregiare,  far  intaccature,  tag- 

liare. 

Gas-holder;  gassometro. 
Gasket;  gassetta. 
Gas-lamp ;  lampada  a  gas. 
Gas-meter;  contatore  o  misu- 

ratore  del  gas. 
Gasometer;  gassometro. 
Gasp;    i.   ansamento,  anelito; 

At  the  last  — ,  agli  estremi. 

1.  trafelare,  ansare ;   —  for 
breath,   far  degli    sforzi   per 
respirare. 

Gasping ;  afifanno,  respirazione 
aflannosa. 

Gas-stove;  fornello  a  gas. 

Gas-tar;  catrame  di  carbon 
fossile. 

Gastric;  id. 

Gastronomical;  gastronomico. 

Gasworks;  officina  del  gas. 

Gate ;  porta.  Barred  — ,  can- 
cello. 

Gate-keeper;  guardaporta. 

Gateway;  portone. 

Gather;    i.   riunire,   radunare. 

2.  cogliere.      3.   raccogliere. 

4.  riprendere     (fiato).       5. 
pieghettare.    6.  far  postema. 
7.     —    from,    conchiudere, 
giudicaie.     8.   —  in,  far  il 
raccolto  di.     9.  —  strength, 
rinvigorirsi. 

Gathering;     i.    riunione.      2. 

ascesso,  postema. 
Gaudy ;     brillante,     spiccante, 

gaio. 
Gauffer  ;   i.  stampare  col  ferro. 

t.  fare  i  cannoncini. 
Gauffering;      i.     stampatura. 

i.  cannoncini. 
Gauge;   i.   stazza.     i.  misura, 

norma,  saggio.     3.  —  cock, 

rubinetto  indicatore.    4.  cali- 

bro,  larghezza  (del  binario). 

5.  Steam    — ,    manometro. 

6.  assaggiare,  stimare,  misu- 
rare.     7.  stazzare. 

Gauging ;     stazzatura,     stima, 

misurazione. 
Gaunt;  scarno. 
Gauntlet;  i.  gnanto  (di  sfida). 

i.  Run  the  — ,  passare  sotto 

il     fuoco,     passare     per     le 

picche. 
Gauze  ;  garza,  velo.     Wire  — , 

tela  metallica. 
Gauzy ;  simile  a  garza. 
Gavotte;  id. 


Gawky ;  goffo,  balordo. 

Gay  !  *•  gaio,  lieto,  vivace,     2. 

galante. 
Gaze;    i.  sguardo.     i.    fissare, 

mirare,  contemplare. 
Gazelle;  gazzella. 
Gazer;  spettatore. 
Gazette;   i.  gazzetta.     2.  pub- 
blicare  nel  giornale  ufficiale. 
3.  dichiarare  fallito. 
Gazetteer;    dizionario  geogra- 
fico. 

Gazing-stock;  zimbello,  spet- 
tacolo. 

Gazogene ;  apparecchio  per 
fare  1'  acqua  di  Selz. 

Gean ;  ciliegio  selvatico. 

Gear;  i.  apparecchio,  arredi, 
roba,  masserizie.  2.  Head 
— ,  cuffia.  3.  In  — ,  in 
movimento;  Out  of  — ,  in 
riposo,  disingranato.  4.  To 
put  in  — ,  ingranare,  con- 
gegnare. 

Gearing;  ingranaggio.  Bevel — , 
ingranaggio  conico.  Screw 
— ,  ingranaggio  a  vite. 

Gee  up  !  arri !  avanti ! 

Gelatin-e,  -ous;  id. 

Geld ;  castrare. 

Gelding;  castrone. 

Gem ;  gemma,  gioia. 

Gendarme;  id. ,  carabiniere. 

Gender;  genere. 

Genealog-ical,  -ist,  -y;  id. 

General-ity,  -ise;  id. 

Generalship;  i.  tattica,  capa- 
cita,  abilita  milhare.  2. 
generalato. 

Generat-e,  -ion,  -or;  id. 

Generic ;  id. 

Gener-osity,  -ous;  id. 

Genesis;  genesi. 

Genet;  id. 

Genial,  -ity;  id. 

Genit-al,  -ive ;  id. 

Genius ;  genio. 

Genoa;  Geneva. 

Genteel;  distinto,  elegante. 

Gentian ;  genziana. 

Gentile;  id. 

Gentility ;  gentilezza,  cortesia. 

Gentle;  i.  gentile,  i.  dolce; 
By  —  means,  con  le  buone. 
3.  bruco. 

Gentleman ;    gentiluomo,  per- 
sona  distinta,   signore. 
usher,    uscere    del    palazzo. 
Young  — ,  signorino.     Per- 
fect — ,  signore  compito. 

Gentlemanlike ;  da  gentiluo- 
mo, signorile,  cortese,  am- 
modo. 

Gentleness ;  dolcezza,  soavita, 
tenerezza. 

Gently ;  dolcemente,  bel  hello. 

Gentry;  gentiluomini. 

Genuflection ;  genuflessione. 

Genuine ;  genuine,  naturale. 

Genuineness ;  genuinita,  au- 
tcnticita. 

Genus;  genere. 

Geo-centric,  -detic;  id. 

Geograph-er,  -ical,  -y;  geo- 
graf-o,  -ico,  -ia. 

Geolog-ical,  -ist,  -y;  geolog- 
ico,  -o,  -ia. 

Geomet-er,  -rical,  -ry;  geo- 
metr-a,  -ico,  -ia. 

Georgic  ;  georgica. 


Geranium ;  geranio. 

Gerfalcon ;  girifalco. 

Germ ;  germe,  germoglio. 

German;  tedesco. 

German  silver;  argentano. 

Germander ;  camedrio. 

Germane ;  parente,  affine,  che 
riguarda. 

Germanise ;  germanizzare. 

Germany;  Germania. 

Germin-ate,  -ation ;  id. 

Gerrymander;  i.  ridistribuire 
le  divisioni  elettorali  per  in- 
teressi  particolari.  2.  mani- 
polare  fatti  o  argomenti  per 
arrivare  a  conclusion!  in- 
debite. 

Gerund;  gerundio. 

Gestation ;  gestazione. 

Gesticulate ;  gesticolare. 

Gesture;  gesto. 

Get;  i.  ottenere,  acquistare, 
guadagnare,  procurare.  2. 
beccarsi,  buscarsi.  3.  recare, 
portare,  far  entrare.  4.  With 
adjectives  or  prepositions  it 
is  often  to  be  translated  by 
a  reflective  verb :  To  — 
angry,  adirarsi;  To  — drunk, 
ubbriacarsi ;  To  —  near,  farsi 
vicino  a.  5.  With  a  reflective 
verb,  farsi,  e.g.  To  —  oneself 
laughed  at,  farsi  beflfare.  6. 
With  a  past  participle,  fare, 
e.g.  To  —  made,  far  fare. 
7.  To  be  getting,  cominciare ; 
it  is  getting  dark,  comincia 
a  far  buio. 

Get  about;  i.  andare  qua  e 
la,  uscire.  2.  —  —  one's 
business,  badare  ai  suoi  aftari. 

3.  It  has  got  about,  si  dice. 

4.  rimettersi  in  piedi. 
Get  above;  sorpassare. 
Get  across ;  traversare. 

Get  along;    i.    campare.      2. 

andare    avanti.       3.    andar- 

sene. 
Get  at;   r.  pervenire  a.     2.  se- 

durre,  corrompere. 
Get  away;    i.    scappare.      2. 

andarsene. 
Get  back;   i.  rivenire.     2.  ria- 

vere,  ricuperare. 
Get    the    better   of;    aver   la 

superiorita  di. 
Get  by;  passare. 
Get  down;  i.  scendere.  2. 

far  scendere.     3.   abbattere. 

4.  abbassare.       5.    mandar 
giu.     6.   metier  fra  le  note, 
scrivere  ;  Have  you  got  that 
down  ?    Avete  scritto  ci6  che 
ho  detto  ? 

Get    forward ;     farsi    avanti, 

avanzarsi. 
Get  in;   i.  entrare,  introdursi, 

mettersi    in,    cadere   in.      2. 

riscuotere. 

Get  into ;  contrarre  (abitudine). 
Get  off;   i.  partire.     2.  cavarsi, 

levarsi  (vestito).    3.  scendere. 

4. well.scapparlabene. 

5.  far  assolvere.    o.  scagliare 
(nave). 

Get  on;  i.  salire  su,  mettersi 
su.  2.  andare  avanti.  3. 
mettersi  (vestito).  4.  farsi 
largo.  5.  How  are  you  get- 
ting on  ?  come  state,  come 


vanno  gli  affari  ?     6. 

with,  accordarsi  con,  inten- 
dersi. 

Get  out;  i.  scappare.  2.  cavar 
fuori,  estrarre,  far  uscire. 
3.  preparare,  intavolare.  4. 
as  inter}.,  via! 

Get  over;  i.  passare,  traver- 
sare. 2.  passar  dall'  altra 
parte.  3.  far  traversare.  4. 
andare  o  venire  a  visitare 

uno.     5. it,  rimettersi, 

ristabilirsi  (dopo  malattia,  o 
perdita  qualunque). 

Get  past ;  passare,  fare  passare. 

Get  round ;  ingannare  colle 
moine. 

Get  through  ;  i.  venire  a  capo 
di.  2 .  mangiare,  scialacquare. 
3.  tirare  d'  imbarazzo.  4. 
sopportare. 

Get  together;  riunire. 

Get  under;  dominare,  soggio- 
gare. 

Get  underneath ;  mettersi  sot- 
to. 

Get  up;  i.  alzarsi.  2.  imparare 
a  memoria  o  a  mente,  pre- 
parare. 3.  fare  alzarsi.  4. 
mettere  in  piedi.  5.  inven- 
tare  (scusa).  6.  —  oneself 
up,  (a)  attillarsi,  (i)  traves- 
tirsi.  7.  dare  buona  appa- 
renza  a  (biancheria). 

Get-up ;  abbigliamento,  modo 
di  vestirsi. 

Get  with  child ;  ingravidare. 

Getter;  acquistatore. 

Getter  up;  compilatore,  pro- 
motore. 

Getting;  acquisto. 

Geum ;  geo. 

Gewgaw ;  ninnolo,  cianfrusa- 
glia. 

Ghastly;  pallidissimo,  orribile. 

Ghaut;  i.  catena  o  gola  di 
montagne  in  India.  2.  scalo 
per  uso  dei  bagnanti  nel 
Gange. 

Gherkin ;  cetriolino  marinato. 

Ghetto;  id. 

Ghost ;  spirito. 

Ghostly ;   spirituale. 

Ghoul;  gula. 

Giant ;  gigante. 

Gibber;  barbugliare. 

Gibbet;  forca. 

Gibbous;  gibboso. 

Gibe;  i.  burla.  2.  beffarsi 
(di). 

Giblets;  frattaglie,  coratella. 

Gibraltar;  Gibilterra. 

Giddiness ;  capogiro,  verti- 
gine. 

Giddy;  i.  vertiginoso.  i. 
trascurato,  stordito. 

Giddy-headed ;  scervellato, 
leggiero,  incostante. 

Giddy-pate ;  scioccone,  stor- 
dito, minchione. 

Gift ;  dono,  regalo,  ofterta. 

Gifted ;  dotato.  Highly  — ,  di 
grande  ingegno. 

Gig;  i.  baroccino,  calessino. 
2.  fiocina.  3.  iolla. 

Gigantic ;  gigantesco. 

Giggle;  i.  risolino,  sogghigno 
i.  ghignare. 

Gild ;  indorare. 

Gilding;  doratura. 

G2 


Hi 


GILLIE— GODLESSNESS 


Gillie,  Gilly ;  servitore  di 
caccia  (in  Iscozia). 

Gills;  branchie. 

Gillyflower;  garofano. 

Gilt;   i.  dorato.     2.  indoratura. 

Gilt-edged;  i.  dorato  sul 
taglio.  2.  sicurissimo  (fon- 
do). 

Gilt-head ;  orata. 

Gimbals;  bilancieri  della  bus- 
sola. 

Gimcrack ;  i.  ninnolo,  bazze- 
cola.  2.  cattivello. 

Gimlet ;  succhiello. 

Gimp ;  cordoncino,  passamano. 

Gin;  i.  ginepro.  2.  trappola. 
3.  gru.  4.  mondare  (cotone). 

Ginger;  zenzero. 

Ginger-beer;  gazzosa  al  zen- 
zero. 

Gingerbread ;  pan  pepato. 

Gingerly ;  delicatamente,  pian 
piano. 

Gingham ;     i.    cotonina    fine. 

2.  ombrellaccio. 
Ginning;  mondatura. 
Gin-palace,  -shop  ;  debito  di 

liquori. 

Gipsy ;  zingaro. 

Giraffe ;  giraffa. 

Girandole ;  doppiere. 

Gird;  i.  cingere,  i.  —  at, 
beffarsi  di,  motteggiare. 

Girder;   longarina. 

Girdle;  i.  cintura.  2.  circon- 
dare. 

Girl;  ragazza,  zittella,  fanciulla. 

Girlhood ;  fanciullezza. 

Girlish;  da  ragazza.    • 

Girlishness;  ingenuita  da  ra- 
gazza. 

Girt ;  cinto. 

Girth;    i.    giro.      2.    cinghia. 

3.  cinghiare. 

Give;     i.    dare,    rendere.       2. 

cedere,  piegare. 
Give  a  call;  visitaiv. 
Give  account  of;  render  conto 

di. 
Give  away;    i.  abbandonare. 

2.    give   oneself  away,    tra- 

dirsi. 

Give  back ;  restituire. 
Give  credit;    i.  far  credito.     2. 

prestar  credito. 
Give  ground ;  rinculare. 
Give  heed;  badare. 
Give  in ;  rinunciare  alia  lotta. 
Give   in   charge;    i.    fare  ar- 

restare.     2.   incaricare. 
Give  it  against ;  dar  torto  a. 
Give  it  as;  stabilirlo  per. 
Give  it  for ;  dare  ragione  a. 
Give   judgment;    pronunziare 

la  sentenza. 

Give  notice ;  awertire. 
Give   oneself  out   as;    dirsi, 

darsi  per. 
Give   out;    i.   annunciare,   far 

credere.    2.  esalare.     3.  dare 

(ordine).     4.  distribuire.     5. 

esser  esaurito. 
Give  over ;  cessare. 
Give  up ;  dare  nelle  mani  di. 
Giver;  donatore. 
Gizzard ;  ventricolo  d'  uccello. 
Glacial;  id. 

Glaciation ;  agghiacciamento. 
Glacier;  ghiacciaio. 
Glacis;  spalto. 


Glad;  lieto,  contento,  felice. 
Gladden ;     rallegrare,     render 

felice. 

Glade;  radura. 
Gladiator;  id. 
Gladiolus;  gladiolo,  pancac- 

ciolo. 
Gladly ;  volentieri,  con  piacere, 

lietamente. 
Gladness ;    contentezza,    alle- 

grezza. 

Gladsome  ;  allegro,  gaio. 
Glairy;  muccoso. 
Glamour ;      incanto,      fascino, 

splendore  d'  incanto. 
Glance;  i.  sguardo,  occhiata ; 
At  first  — ,  a  prima  vista. 
2.  lanciare  uno  sguardo,  dare 
un'  occhiata,  adocchiare.  3. 
dire  alcune  parole  alia  sfug- 
gita.  4.  esser  deviato  (proiet- 
tile). 

Glancingly ;  obliquamente. 
Gland;  glandula. 
Glanders;  morva. 
Glandular;  id. 

Glare;  i.  bagliore.  2.  sguardo 
feroce.  3.  —  at,  guardare 
con  occhio  torvo,  feroce- 
mente. 

Glaring;  i.  abbagliante.  2. 
patente  (errore),  che  salta 
agli  occhi. 

Glass;  i.  vetro,  cristallo ; 
Flint  — ,  cristallo  inglese ; 
Crown  — ,  vetro  di  Boemia, 
crown-glass.  2.  — es,  oc- 
chiali.  3.  bicchiere.  4. 
specchio. 

Glass-bead;  margheritina. 
Glass-blower ;     soffiatore     di 

vetro. 

Glass  bowl ;  tazza  di  cristallo. 
Glass-case ;  vetrina. 
Glass-door ;  porta  a  invetriate. 
Glass-furnace ;  vetreria. 
Glass-partition  ;   vetrata. 
Glass-ware;  vetrame. 
Glassworks ;  vetreria. 
Glasswort ;  salsola. 
Glassy;  vitreo. 
Glaucous ;  glauco. 
Glaze;    i.   vernice.      2.   inver- 
niciare,  dar  la  vernice,  smal- 
tare.      3.    cilindrare    (stoffe, 
carta).       4.    invetriare.       5. 
candire. 

Glazier;   vetraio. 
Gleam;      i.     lucentezza.       2. 

risplendere. 

Glean ;  spigolare,  racimolare. 
Glebe ;  podere  appartenente  ad 

un  benefizio  ecclesiastico. 
Glee;     i.    allegria,    gioia.      2. 
canto  a  parecchi  voci,  pezzo 
d'  insieme. 

Gleet ;  scolo  dall"  uretra. 
Glen ;  valle,  vallone. 
Glib ;  scorrevole,  sciolto. 
Glide ;    scorrere,    sdrucciolare, 

scivolare. 
Glimmer;   i.  barlume.    2.  bar- 

luginare. 

Glimpse ;  occhiata  rapida. 
Show  • — -s  of,  lasciar  trave- 
dere. 

Glint;  lampo. 
Glisten;  brillare. 
Glitter;  scintillare. 
Gloaming;  crepuscolo. 


Gloat;  i.  divorare  cogli  occhi. 
2.  guardare  con  piacere  mali- 
zioso  o  crudele. 
Globe ;  globo. 
Globe-fish;  pesce  palla. 
Globe  flower;  palloncinod'oro. 
Globe  thistle;   v.  Cardo  (i,  c 

and.?). 

Globe-trotter;  viaggiatore  in- 
torno  al  mondo  (per  pia- 
cere). 

Globular ;  id. 
Globule;  globulo. 
Gloom  ;  tenebre,  buio. 
Gloomy;  i.  oscuro,  cupo,  fosco, 
rannuvolato.    2.  triste,  mesto, 
malinconico,  cupo. 
Gloomy-looking;  immusito. 
Glor-ify,  -ious,  -y;  id. 
Glory,  i'b. ;  gloriarsi. 
Glorying ;  iattanza. 
Gloss;   i.  chiosa.    2.  lustro.    3. 

chiosare. 

Glossary ;  glossario. 
Glossiness;  lucentezza. 
Glottis;  glottide. 
Glove ;  guanto. 
Glove-box  ;   scatola  da  guanti. 
Glove-factory,  -shop ;  guan- 

teria. 

Glover ;  guantaio. 
Glove-stretcher;  allarga-guan- 

ti. 
Glow;     i.    calore,    roventezza, 

fuoco,   rossore,    color   rosso, 

colorito  animato,  riflessi  rossi 

del  cielo,  ardore,  splendore. 

2.   rosseggiare,  esser  infiam- 

rnato. 
Glowing ;     rovente,     infocato, 

rosseggiante,   animato,  vivo, 

ardente,  caldo. 
Glow-worm ;  lucciola. 
Glozing ;  lusinghiero. 
Glucose ;  glucosio. 
Glue;   i.  colla  forte.     2.  incol- 

lare. 

Glue-pot ;  vaso  da  colla. 
Gluey;  glutinoso,  viscoso. 
Glum ;      brusco,     stucchevole, 

cagnesco,  ritroso. 
Glume ;  gluma. 
Glut ;    i.    soprabbondanza,  ec- 

cesso,  ingombro.     2.  ingom- 

brare,  saziare. 
Gluten ;  glutine. 
Glutinous;  id. 
Glutton ;  goloso,  ghiottone. 
Gluttonous ;  goloso,  ghiotto. 
Gluttony;  ghiotteria. 
Glycerine ;  glicerina. 
Gnarled;  nodoso. 
Gnash ;  ringhiare,  digrignare. 
Gnashing;  ringhio,  stridore. 
Gnat;  zanzara. 
Gnaw;  rodere,  rosicchiare. 
Gnawing;  rodimento. 
Gnome;  gnomo. 
Gnu ;  id. 
Go;   i.  andare,  camminare.     2. 

vigore,  spirito.     3.  voga.    4. 

It   was   no   — ,    non   vi   era 

modo    di    riuscire.       5.    i: 

Gone. 
Go  about;   i.  andare  qua  e  la. 

2.  prepararsi  a  fare,  mettersi 

a  fare.     3.   virar  di  bordo. 
Go  at ;  mettersi  a,  attaccare. 
Go  away ;   andarsene. 
Go  backwards ;  indietreggiare. 


Go  before;    i.   precedere.     2. 

andare  innanzi. 
Go     between ;     intromettersi, 

servire  d'  intermediario. 
Go  beyond ;  oltrepassare. 
Go  by;   i.  passare.     2.  seguire 
(regola),  condursi  (secondo). 
3.  esser  conosciuto  sotto  (il 
nome  di). 

Go  down;  i.  scendere.  2. 
andare  in  provincia.  3.  met- 
tersi in  ginocchio.  4.  decres- 
cere  (fiume).  5.  andare  a 
picco.  6.  tramontare.  7. 
passare,  esser  creduto,  trovar 
accettazione. 

Go  for;  i.  andare  a  cercare. 
2.  attaccare,  assalire.  3.  ven- 
ders! per.  4. nothing, 

non  contare. 

Go  forth;  uscire. 

Go  in;  entrare. 

Go  in  for ;  intraprendere,  in- 
teressarsi  in,  fare  il  comercio 
di,  abbracciare. 

Go  off;  i.  partire.  2.  esplo- 
dere,  scoppiare.  3.  smer- 
ciarsi. 

Go  on ;  continuare. 

Go  out;  i.  uscire.    2.spegnersi. 

Go  over ;  i .  attraversare.  2. 
verificare.  3.  percorrere.  4. 
disertare. 

Go  through;  i.  attraversare, 
percorrere,  penetrare,  forare. 
2.  compiere,  andar  sino  alia 
fine.  3.  subire,  sopportare. 

Go  under;  i.  subire,  soppor- 
tare. 2.  esser  conosciuto 
sotto  (il  nome  di). 

Go  up;  i.  salire,  innalzarsi, 
risalire.  2.  farsi  vicino  a, 
accostarsi  a. 

Go  up  and  down ;  percorrere 
in  tutti  i  sensi. 

Go  upon;  i.  andare  su.  2. 
fondarsi  su. 

Go  without ;  far  senza,  con- 
tentarsi,  passarsi  di. 

Goad ;  i .  pungolo.  2.  punzec- 
chiare,  pungere. 

Goal ;  termine,  meta,  scopo, 
fine. 

Goat ;  becco,  capro. 

Goatee ;  pizzo. 

Goatherd ;  capraio. 

Goatish ;  caprino. 

Goat-skin  ;  pelle  di  capra. 

Goatsucker;  nottolone,  capri- 
mulgo. 

Gob ;  pezzo,  boccone. 

Gobble ;  sgorgugliare,  chioc- 
ciare  (tacchino).  —  up, 
ingoiare. 

Gobbler;  i.  mangione.  2. 
tacchino. 

Go-between;  mezzano. 

Goblet;  tazza. 

Goblin ;  demonic,  folletto. 

Goby;  gobio. 

Go-by ;  Give  the  — ,  eludere. 

Go-cart ;  carruccio. 

God ;  Dio.  — s,  dei.  — 's  acre, 
Campo  santo. 

Godchild ;  figliocci-o,  -a. 

Goddess;  dea. 

Godfather;  patrino,  compare. 

Godhead;  divinita. 

Godless;  empio,  ateo. 

Godlessness ;  empieta. 


GODLIKE— GREEN-HORN 


liii 


Godlike  ;  divino,  celeste. 

Godliness ;  sanlita,  tlevozione. 

Godly;  devoto,  pio. 

Godmother;  matrina,  comare. 

Godson;  figlioccio. 

Godwit ;  pittima. 

Goer ;  camminatore. 

Gorier;  v.  Gauffer. 

Goggles;  occhiali(perdifendere 
gli  occhi). 

Going,  — ,  gone;  uno  due  e 
tre,  aggiudieato. 

Goitre;  gozzo. 

Gold;  oro.   — leaf,  fogliad'oro. 

Goldbeater;  battiloro. 

Goldbeater's  skin ;  buccio, 
scacciata. 

Golden  ;  d'  oro,  dorato. 

Golden-crested  wren;  regolo. 

Golden  eagle  ;  aquila,  falcone 
dorato. 

Golden  oriole ;  rigogolo. 

Golden  plover;  piviere. 

Golden  rod  ;  verga  d'  oro. 

Gold  fields ;  terreni  auriferi. 

Goldfinch  ;  cardellino. 

Goldfish ;  pesce  dorato. 

Gold  lace  ;  gallone  d'  oro. 

Gold-of-pleasure ;  camelina. 

Goldsmith ;  orefice. 

Gold  thread  ;  lilo  d'  oro. 

Goldylocks;  crisocoma. 

Golosh ;  galoscia. 

Gondol-a,  -ier;  id. 

Gone;  i.  guasto.  2.  —  on, 
dedito  a,  innaniorato  di.  3. 
Far  —  in  years,  molto  attem- 
patu.  4.  aggiudieato  (all'  in- 
canto). 

Gonfalon,  -ier;  id. 

Gong ;  tam-tam. 

Good;  i.  buono,  bravo,  dab- 
bene ;  —  at,  capace,  atto 
per ;  —  for,  utile  per,  accon- 
cio  a;  --  for  a  hundred 
thousand  francs,  solvibile  per 
cento  mila  lire ;  Say  a  — 
word  for,  parlare  in  favore 
di ;  Do  a  —  turn  to,  render 
un  servizio  a  ;  In  —  earnest, 
in  sul  serio ;  In  —  time,  a 
tempo ;  In  very  —  time, 
molto  presto ;  All  in  —  time, 
ogni  cosa  a  suo  tempo  ;  A 
— •  while,  un  pezzo,  un  tempo 
lungo  ;  A  —  while  ago,  gia 
da  gran  tern  po  ;  That  was 
a  —  while  ago,  ci6  fu  molto 
tempo  addietro ;  He  as  —  as 
told  me,  quasi  mi  disse. 

i.  bene,  d'  accordo,  va 
bene.  3.  — s,  beni,  effetti. 
4.  — s  department,  ufficio 
merci ;  — s  carriage,  vagone 
merci ;  — s  train,  treno  merci ; 
— s  station,  magazzino  di  de- 
posito  ;  — s  manager,  capo 
trasporto  di  merci.  5.  Soft 
— s,  teleria. 

Goodbye ;  addio. 

Good  Friday;  venerdi  santo. 

Good-humoured ;  gioioso,  di 
buon  umore. 

Goodly;  bello,  forte. 

Good  nature  ;  bonta,  bonomia, 
cort' 

Good-natured;  di  buon  cuore, 
benigno,  cortese,  lionario. 

Good-naturedly;  con  bonomia, 
cortesemente,  benignamente. 


Goodness ;  i.  bonta.  i.  — 
knows,  Dio  sa ;  For  —  sake, 
per  1'  amor  di  Dio ;  Thank 
— ,  Dio  merce ;  I  wish  to  — , 
piacesse  a  Dio  ! 

Goodwife  ;  padrona  di  casa. 

Goodwill;  i.  benevolenza.  2. 
diritto  d'  entratura,  clientela, 
avviamento. 

Goody;  monna,  sora. 

Goody-goody;  molto  morale 
e  molto  stupido. 

Goosander ;  smergo  maggiore. 

Goose ;  oca.  Tailor's  — ,  bon- 
zo. 

Gooseberry;  uva  spina.  — • 
bush,  arbusto  d'  uva  spina. 

Goose-flesh;  pelle  d' oca. 

Goose-foot;  chenopodio. 

Goose-grass ;  attaccavesti. 

Gore ;  i.  sangue.  2.  gherone. 
3.  ferire  con  le  corna,  trafig- 
gere.  4.  tagliare  in  triangolo. 

Gorge;  i.  gola.  2.  satollare, 
impinzare. 

Gorgeous ;  sfarzoso,  pomposo. 

Gorget;  gorgiera. 

Gorgon ;  id. 

Gorilla;  id. 

Gormandise ;  impinzarsi,  man- 
glare  avidamente. 

Gorse ;  ginestrone  di  Olanda. 

Gory;  insanguinato. 

Goshawk;  astore. 

Gosling ;  papero. 

Gospel ;  vangelo. 

Gossamer;  filament!  di  S. 
Maria,  fili  della  Madonna. 

Gossip;  i.  chiacchiere,  pette- 
golezzi.  t.  comare,  pette- 
gola.  3.  pettegolare. 

Goth;  Goto.     — ic,  gotico. 

Gouge;  i.  sgorbia.  ?.  sgor- 
biare. 

Gourd;  zucca. 

Gourmet ;  buongustaio. 

Gout,  -y;  gott-a,  -oso. 

Goutweed ;  erba  di  San  Gerar- 
do. 

Govern ;  id. 

Governess;  istitutrice.  Nur- 
sery — ,  maestrina. 

Government  ;  governo,  dire- 
zione,  maneggio,  reggime. 

Governor;  i.  governatore,  di- 
rettore.  2.  padrone.  3. 
padre.  4.  regolatore  (di 
vapore). 

Governorship;  direzione, posto 
di  governatore. 

Gown ;  gonna,  veste. 

Grab;  agguantare,  impadronir- 
si. 

Grace;    i.   grazia.      ^.   favore. 

3.  at  meals,  ringraziamento. 

4.  With  a  good  — ,  garbata- 
mente,  di  buona  grazia,  senza 
brontolare ;    With   very  bad 
— ,  con  molta  mala  grazia. 

5.  abbellire,  onorare. 
Graceful ;   grazioso,  leggiadro, 

bello,  elegante. 
Graceless;  sfrontato,  senza  ver- 

gogna,  perverso,  sgarbato. 
Gracious;  grazioso,  clemente, 

benigno,  condiscendente. 
Graciously ;  graziosamente. 
Graciousness;  clemenza. 
Gradation;  /,/. 
Grade;  i.  grado.    7.  graduare. 


Gradient ;     pendenza,     salita, 

china,  inclinazione. 
Gradu-al,  -ate,  -ation;  id. 
Graft;    i.    innesto.      2.   becca- 

strino.     3.  negli  Stati  Uniti, 

donative  corruttore.     4.    in- 

nestare. 
Grail;  calice. 
Grain;    i.    grano.      2.    grana, 

vena,    fibra    (del    legname). 

3.  marmorizzare,  granire.    4. 
Against    the    — ,    di    mala 
voglia. 

Graminivorous;  graminivoro. 

Grammar;  grammatica. 

Grammarian ;  grammario. 

Grammatical ;  grammatico. 

Grampus ;  orca. 

Granary;  granaio. 

Grand;  grande,  grandioso,  su- 

perbo.    —  staircase,  scalone, 

scala  d'  onore. 
Grandchild;   nipote,  nipotino. 

Great  — ,  pronipote. 
Grand  Duke ;  Granduca. 
Grandee;  grande  (di  Spagna). 
Grandeur;  grandezza. 
Grandfather ;      nonno,      avo. 

Great     — ,    bisavo.       Great 

great  — ,  arcavolo. 
Grandiloquen-ce,  -t;  it/. 
Grandmother ;     nonna,     ava. 

Great  — ,  bisnonna. 
Grandson ;     nipote,    nipotino. 

Great  — ,  pronipote. 
Grange ;  casa  colonica. 
Granite ;  granito. 
Granivorous ;  granivoro. 
Grant;    r.    concessione,    dono. 

2.      concedere,      accordare, 

menar  buono,  esaudire. 
Granul-ar,  -ate;  id. 
Granulations;  id. ,  ciccioli. 
Granule ;  granello. 
Grape;    r.    uva,  chicco,  acino 

(d'  uvaj.     2.  mitraglia,  scag- 

lia. 

Grape  hyacinth ;  muscari. 
Grape-stalk;  raspo. 
Grapestone ;  vinacciolo,  acino. 
Graphic;  grafico. 
Graphite;  grafite. 
Grapnel;  grappino. 
Grapple  with ;  afferrare,  venire 

alle  prese  con,  aggrapparsi  a. 
Grappling-iron ;  grappino. 
Grasp ;    afferrare,    impugnare. 

—  at,  tentare  d'  afferrare. 
Grasping;  avido. 
Grass;  erba,  erbaggio. 
Grass  field;  prato. 
Grass-grown;  erboso. 
Grasshopper;  ca Valletta. 
Grasshopper    warbler ;    sal- 

ciaiola. 

Grass  land ;  prateria. 
Grass-plot ;     tappeto     verde, 

prato. 

Grass  snake ;  biscia. 
Grassy;  erboso. 
Grate;  i.  v.  Grating.     2.  foco- 

lare.     3.  fregare,  grattugiare. 

4.  —  upon,  offendere,  stra- 
ziare  (orecchi). 

Grateful ;  grato,  riconoscente. 
Gratefully ;  con  gratitudine. 
Grater;  grattugia. 
Gratification;  id. 
Gratify;  gratificare,   piacere  a, 
soddisfar^-,  contentare. 


Gratifying;  piacevole,  dilette- 

vole,  gradevole,  grato. 
Grating;    i.    grata,    inferriata, 

graticola,  cancello.    2.  aspro, 

duro.     3.  stridore. 
Gratis;  id.,  a  ufo. 
Gratitude;  id.,  riconoscenza. 
Gratuitous;  gratuito. 
Gratuitousness ;  gratuita. 
Gratuity ;  mancia,  dono,  grati- 

ficazione. 
Grave;     i.    tomba,    sepolcro, 

fossa.     2.  grave,  serio. 
Grave-cloth ;     lenzuolo    mor- 

tuario. 

Grave-digger;  becchino. 
Gravel;   r.  ghiaia.     2.  renella. 

3.  imbarazzare.     4.  —  walk, 

stradello  inghiaiato. 
Gravelly;  ghiaioso. 
Gravely;  gravemente. 
Graver;  i.  incisore.    2.  bulino. 
Graves ;  grassume. 
Gravestone ;  lapide. 
Graveyard ;    cimitero,    campo 

santo. 

Gravid ;  id. 

Graving ;  incisione,  cesellatura. 
Gravit-ate, -ation;  id. 
Gravity;  gravita. 
Gravy ;  sugo  della  carne. 
Gray;  grigio.     See  also  under 

Grey. 

Grayling;  temolo. 
Graze;     r.    pascere.       2.    far 

pascolare.     3.  sfiorare. 
Grazier;  allevatore  di  bestiame. 
Grazing;  pascolo,  allevamento 

di  bestiame. 
Grease;    i.   grasso,   unto.     2. 

malandra.     3.  ungere. 
Grease-cock;  rubinetto untore. 
Grease-cup ;  ciotola. 
Greasy;   grasso,  unto,   oleoso, 

macchiato  di  grasso. 
Great ;  grande.     Very  — ,  stra- 

grande. 
Great     black-backed     gull ; 

mugnaiaccio. 
Great  bustard ;  otarda. 
Great  circle ;  cerchio  massimo. 
Greatcoat;  soprabito. 
Great-crested  grebe ;   svasso 

maggiore. 

Great-grandfather;  bisnonno. 
Greatly;  grandemente,  molto. 
Greatness;  grandezza. 
Great  northern  diver;  strolaga 

maggiore. 

Great  snipe ;   croccolone. 
Great   spotted  woodpecker; 

picchio  maggiore. 
Greaves;  gambiere. 
Grebe;  colimbo,  svasso. 
Greed ;  avidita,  ingordigia. 
Greediness;  golosita. 
Greedy;  avido,  goloso,  ingordo, 

ghiotto. 
Greek;  greco. 
Green ;    verde.      — s,    legumi. 

—  crops,  erbaggi. 
Green  arbour;  frascheto. 
Green  cormorant ;  marangone 

col  ciuffo. 

Greenery;  verdura. 
Greenfinch ;  verdone. 
Greengage;  susina  claudia. 
Greengrocer ;  fruttaiolo. 
Green  hand;  novizio,inesperto. 
Green-horn ;  sbarbatello. 


liv 


GREENHOUSE— GUN-PORT 


Greenhouse ;  serra. 
Greenish ;     verdastro,     verdo- 

gnolo. 

Greenland;  Groenlandia. 
Greenness;  verdezza. 
Green-room ;  ridotto. 
Green     sandpiper ;     piropiro 

culbianco. 

Greenshank;  pantana. 
Greensward ;  tappeto  erboso. 
Green    woodpecker ;    picchio 

verde. 
Greet;  salutare,  felicitare,  dare 

il  benvenuto. 
Gregarious ;  gregario. 
Gregorian ;  gregoriano. 
Grenade ;  granata. 
Grenadier;   granatiere. 
Grey  ;  grigio,  bigio. 
Grey  friar ;  franciscano. 
Grey-headed;  dai  capelli  grigi. 
Grey-headed    wagtail ;    stri- 

sciaiola. 

Greyhound;  levrlere. 
Greyish ;  grigiastro. 
Grey  lag-goose;  oca selvatica. 
Greyness;  color  grigio. 
Grey  plover ;  pivieressa. 
Grey  sandpiper ;  pivieressa. 
Gridiron ;  graticola. 
Grief;  dolore,  dispiacere. 
Grievance  ;   torto,  danno,  do- 

glianza,  abuso,  gravame. 
Grieve ;    aflliggere,    rattristare, 

accorare. 

Grievous;  penoso,  grave. 
Grievousness;  gravame,  enor- 

mita. 

Griffin ;  griffone. 
Griffin  vulture ;  grifone. 
Grig ;  piccola  anguilla.     Merry 

as  a  — ,  allegro  come  un  grillo. 
Grill ;  cuocere  sulla  gratella. 
Grim  ;  orrendo,  torvo,  feroce. 
Grimace ;  smorfia. 
Grimalkin ;  gattone. 
Grime;  sudiciume  vecchio. 
Grimness ;  viso  torvo,  spaven- 

tevolezza. 

Grimy;  imbrattato,  nerastro. 
Grin;  i.  sogghign-o.     t.  -are; 

—  from   ear  to   ear,   far   la 

bocca  fin'  agli  orecchi. 
Grind ;    i.    macinare,    tritare, 

levigare  (vetro),  affilare  (col- 

telli),    digrignare    (i    denti). 

2.    masticate.     3.   sgobbare. 

4.   —  down,  ridurre  in  pol- 

vere,  schiacciare,  triturare. 
Grinder;  i.  arrotino.     2.  ma- 

cinatore.     3.  molare  (dente). 
Grinding;  i.  schiacciante,  op- 

primente.     2.  macinamento. 
Grindstone ;     pietra     molare, 

mola  da  arruotare. 
Grinner;  ghignatore. 
Grinning ;  sghignazzamento, 

smorfie. 
Grip;     i.     presa,    stretta.       2. 

impugnatura.      3.  stringere, 

afferrare. 
Gripe ;      i.      cagionare     dolori 

colici.     i.  — s,  colica. 
Grisette ;  crestaina,  sartina. 
Grist ;  grano,  frumento. 
Gristle ;  cartilagine. 
Gristly ;  cartilaginoso. 
Grit ;  ghiaia  arenaria. 
Gritty;  renoso,  pieno  di  ghiaia, 

che  ha  grumoli  pietrosi. 


Grizzled;  brizzolato,  grigiastro. 

Grizzly;  grigio. 

Groan;  i.  gemito,  grugnito.    i. 

gemere,  grugnire,  brontolare. 
Groat ;  moneta  di  otto  soldi. 
Groats ;  tritello  d'  avena. 
Grocer;  droghiere. 
Grocery;  spezierie,  drogheria. 
Grog;  specie  di  ponce,  zozza. 
Groggy ;  brillo,  poco  stabile. 
Groin ;  inguine,  angninaia. 
Grommet ;  canestrello. 
Cromwell ;  miglialsole. 
Groom ;     scudiere,    mozzo    di 

stalla,  fante. 
Groove;   i.   scanalatura,  solco. 

i.  scanalare. 
Grope ;    brancolare,    andare   a 

tastoni. 

Groping;  a  tastoni. 
Gross;    i.    grossa.     i.    grosso, 

rozzo,    grossolano.      3.    ma- 

dornale,  enorme. 
Gross-beak;  frusone. 
Grossness ;    i.    rozzezza.      i. 

enormita. 

Grotesque ;  grottesco. 
Grotesqueness ;  grottesco. 
Grotto ;  grotta. 
Ground;     i.     terra,     terreno, 

suolo.     i.  fondo,  sfondo.     3. 

fondamento,  ragione,  cavisa. 

4.  porre  a  terra,  metier  giu. 

5.  fondare,  giustificare,  im- 
basare.     6.    Gain  — ,   avan- 
zare.      7.    Give  — ,   (a)  dar 
luogo,  (/>)  cedere.     8.   Keep 
one's  — ,  star   fermo,   tener 
duro.    9.  Lose  — ,  rinculare, 
indietreggiare.      10.  Without 
— ,  senza  motivo. 

Ground-floor;  pian  terreno. 
Ground  ivy ;  edera  terrestre. 
Ground  landlord;  proprietario 

fondiario. 
Groundless;  mal  fondato, senza 

ragione,  infondato. 
Ground  nut ;  arachide. 
Ground  plan ;    piano  orizzon- 

tale. 

Ground  rent;  livello. 
Grounds;      i.     giardini.       2. 

feccia. 

Groundsel;  senecione. 
Ground  swell;  mare  di  fondo, 

mare  di  leva. 
Group;     i.    gruppo,    crocchio. 

1.  aggruppare,  radunare,  col- 
legare. 

Grouse;   i.  gallo  di  montagna. 

2.  brontolare. 

Grout;    i.  malta.      ?.  rabboc- 

care. 

Grove ;  bosco,  boschetto. 
Grovel;  i.  strascicarsi  per  terra. 

i.  abbassarsi  in  modo  abietto, 

avvilirsi. 
Groveller ;    essere    strisciante, 

rettile. 

Grovelling;  strisciante,  vile. 
Grow ;  i.  crescere,  allignare,  far 

crescere,  coltivare.     2.  dive- 

nire.     3.  —  big,  ingrandire. 

4.  —  again,   rigermogliare. 

5.  —  cold,  raffreddarsi.     6. 
—    cool,    calmarsi.       7.    — 
dear,    incarire.      8.    —   fat, 
impinguarsi.      9.    —   hand- 
some, divenir  bello.      10.   — 
heavy,   divenir   pesante,  ag- 


gravarsi.  n.  —  into,  pas- 
sare  in.  12.  —  late,  farsi 
tardi.  13.  —  lean,  smagrire. 
14.  —  light,  schiarare.  15. 
-  little,  impiccolirsi.  16. 

—  old,  invecchiare.      17.  — 
out,  allargarsi.     18.  —  poor, 
impoverire.      19.    —  proud, 
divenir  superbo,  insuperbirsi. 
20.  — rich,  arricchirsi.     21. 

—  strong,   invigorirsi.      22. 

—  thick,   spessare.     23.   — 
ugly,  imbruttire.     14.  —  up, 
farsi  grande,  venir  su.     25. 

—  weary,    infastidire.      26. 

—  well,  ristabilirsi. 
Grower ;    produttore,    coltiva- 

tore. 

Growing;  crescente,  nascente. 

Growl;  brontolare,  grugnare, 
borhottare. 

Growler;  i.  brontolone.  2. 
carrozza  da  nolo  (a  quattro 
ruote). 

Grown  over  with ;  coperto  di. 

Growth;  i.  crescimento,  au- 
mento.  2.  frutto,  raccolta, 
prodotto.  3.  progresso, 
sviluppo. 

Groyne  ;  riparo  contro  i  guasti 
della  marea,  paradore. 

Grub;  i.  bruco,  verme.  2. 
mangime.  3.  —  up,  sradi- 
care. 

Grudge;  i.  odio,  rancore, 
livore,  invidia.  2.  permet- 
tere  malvolentieri,  dare  di 
malavoglia.  3.  portar  invidia 
a,  veder  con  dispiacere  il 
successo  di. 

Grudgingly;  a  inalincuore. 

Gruel;  specie  di  orzata,  polenda 
d'  avena  o  altro. 

Gruelling ;  maltrattamento. 

Gruesome ;  raccapricciante,  or- 
rendo, spaventoso. 

Gruff;  burbero,  aspro. 

Gruffness ;  asprezza,  sgarbo. 

Grumble ;  lagnarsi,  brontolare. 

Grumbler;  sgridatore,  bronto- 
lone. 

Grumbling;  i.  brontolio,  rin- 
ghio.  2.  rombo. 

Grumous;  id. 

Grumpy;  stizzoso,  permaloso. 

Grunt;  grugnire. 

Guaiacum ;  guaiaco. 

Guano ;  id. 

Guarantee;  i.  garanzia,  mal- 
leveria.  2.  garantire.  3. 

—  oneself,  meltersi  al  sicu- 
ro. 

Guarantor;  mallevadore. 

Guard;  i.  custode,  guardia, 
presidio.  2.  conduttore.  3. 
To  be  on  — ,  stare  in  guar- 
dia. 4.  To  be  on  one's  — , 
stare  all'  erta.  5.  To  come 
off  — ,  smontar  di  guardia. 
6.  To  be  off  one's  — ,  essere 
impreparato ;  To  be  caught 
off  one's  — ,  esser  preso 
all'  improvviso. 

Guard-boat ;  lancia  di  ronda. 

Guarded ;  cauto,  circospetto. 

Guard-house;  corpo  di  guar- 
dia. 

Guardian;  i.  custode.  2. 
tutore.  3.  guardia.  4. 
guardiano. 


Guard-iron ;  scoparotaie. 

Guard-room  ;  corpo  di  guar- 
dia. 

Guard-ship;  guardaporto. 

Guardsman;  guardia. 

Guard's  van ;  forgone  del  con- 
duttore. 

Guava;  guiava. 

Gudgeon ;  ghiozzo. 

Guebre;  Guebro. 

Guelder  rose ;  pallone  di  mag- 
gio. 

Guelph;  guelfo. 

Guerdon ;  guiderdone. 

Guerilla ;  guerriglia. 

Guernsey;  camiciotto. 

Guess;  i.  congettura,  stima, 
supposizione,  indovinamento. 

2.  congetturare,  indovinare, 
apporsi.     3.  credere. 

Guesser ;  indovinatore. 
Guest ;  invitato,  ospite,  convi- 

tato. 

Guffaw ;  grossa  risata. 
Guidance;  direzione.   For  your 

— •,  per  vostro  governo. 
Guide;    i.    guida,   scorta.      t. 

guidare,  dirigere. 
Guide-book;  guida. 
Guide-post;  indicatore. 
Guidon  ;    banderuola  per   seg- 

nali. 

Guild ;  maestranza. 
Guildhall ;  palazzo  municipale. 
Guile ;  insidia,  astuzia. 
Guileless ;  schietto,  sincere,  in- 

genuo,  innocente. 
Guillemot ;  uria. 
Guillotine;  ghigliottina. 
Guilt ;  colpabilita,  reita,  reato. 
Guiltily;  colpevolmente, crimi- 
nal mente. 

Guiltless;  innocente. 
Guilty;  colpevole,  reo. 
Guinea;  ghinea. 
Guinea-fowl ;    gallina   di    Fa- 

raone. 

Guinea-pig ;  porcellino  d'  In- 
dia. 

Guise ;  guisa. 
Guitar;  chitarra. 
Gules ;  color  rosso. 
Gulf;     i.    golfo.       i.    abisso, 

vortice. 
Gull;  i.  gabbiano,  gabbianello, 

mugnaiaccio,   zafferano.      2. 

minchione.     3.  minchionare, 

gabbare. 

Gullet ;  gola,  gorgozzule. 
Gullible ;  credulo. 
Gully;  burrone,  borro. 
Gulp;    i.  sorso,  tratto.     2.  — 

down,  trangugiare,  ingozzare, 

tracannare. 
Gum;   i.  gomma.     2.  gengiva. 

3.  ingommare. 

Gum-boil;    ascesso   alle   gen- 
give,  bottacciuolo. 

Gummy ;  gommoso. 
Gumption;  tatto,  accortezza. 
Gun;    i.   fucile,  schioppo.     2. 

cannone. 

Gun-boat ;  cannoniera. 
Gun-cotton ;  fulmicotone. 
Gun-deck;  batteria. 
Gun-metal ;  bronzo. 
Gunner;  artigliere. 
Gunnery;  artiglieria. 
Gunny;  tela  di  iuta. 
Gun-port ;  sabordo. 


GUNPOWDER— HANDY 


Iv 


Gunpowder;  polvere  da  can- 
none. 

Gun-room  ;  quadrato  dei  guar- 
diemarina. 

Gun-running;  contrabbando 
di  cannoni. 

Gun-shot ;  fucilata.  Within 
— ,  a  tiro  di  fucile,  o  can- 
none. 

Gun-smith;  armaiuolo. 


Gunwale ;  capo  di  banda. 
Gurgle;    i.  glo-glo,  gorgoglio. 

i.    fare    glo    glo,    gorgogli- 

are. 

Gurnard ;  capone. 
Gush;    i.  getto,  zampillo.     2. 

effusione.    3.  sgorgare,  schiz- 

zare,  zampillare. 
Gusset;  gherone. 
Gust ;  colpo  di  vento. 


Gusto;  id.,  piacere. 

Gusty;  burrascoso. 

Gut;   i.  budello,  intestine.     2. 

sventrare.     3.  saccheggiare. 
Guttapercha ;  guttaperca. 
Gutter;   i.  grondaia.     2.  riga- 

gnoletto.     3.  scolare. 
Guttural;  id. 
Guy;     i.    maschera,    uno    mal 

vestito.     2.  ritenuta. 


Guzzle;  gozzovigliare. 
Guzzler;  crapulonc. 
Gymnasium  ;  ginnasiu,  pales- 
tra. 

Gymnast;  ginnasta. 
Gymnastic ;  ginnastico. 
Gypsum ;  gesso. 
Gyration ;  giramento. 
Gyves ;  catene. 


H 


Habeas-corpus;  id. 

Haberdasher ;  merciaio. 

Habiliment ;  abbigliamento. 

Habit ;  i.  abitudine,  uso,  abito. 
i.  temperamento,  comples- 
sione.  3.  vestire.  4.  Riding 
— ,  amazzone. 

Habitable  ;  abitabile. 

Habitation ;  abitazinne. 

Habitual ;  abituale,  solito. 

Habituate;  abituare. 

Habitude;  v.  Habit  (i). 

Hack;    i.  cavallaccio,  brenna. 

1.  frastagliare,    tagliare     a 
dritta  e  a  sinistra. 

Hackney;  da  nolo. 
Hackneyed ;    banale,   ripetuto 

a  sazieta. 

Haddock ;  specie  di  baccala. 
Haemorrhage ;  emorragia. 
Haft ;  manico. 
Hag ;  strega,  vecchiaccia. 
Haggard ;  smunto,allampanato. 
Haggis ;  guazzetto  di  frattaglie. 
Haggle;  stiracchiare  il  prezzo, 

contrattare. 

Hagiography;  agiografia. 
Haha;  fosso  di  cinta,   salto  di 

lupo. 
Hail;    i.    grandine,    gragnola. 

2.  grandinare.       3.  appello. 
4.  salutare.     5.  chiamare  col 
portavoce,  chiamare  ad  alta 
voce   da   lontano.      6.   ave ! 
7.  —  fellow  well  met,  fami- 
liare,  compagnone  allegro. 

Hail-shower;  grandinata. 

Hail-stone;  chicco  di  grandine. 

Hail  storm  ;  tempesta  di  gran- 
dine. 

Hair ;  capello,  capigliatura, 
crine,  chioma,  pelo. 

Hair-brush  ;  spazzola  da  ca- 
pelli. 

Haircloth ;  cilizio. 

Hairdresser;  par rucchiere, pet- 
ti natora. 

Hair  dye;  tintura  per  capelli. 

Hair-grass;  nebbia. 

Hairiness;  pelosita. 

Hairless ;  senza  capelli. 

Hair  line;  i.  lenza  di  crine. 
2.  linea  sottilissima. 

Hair  mattress  ;  materasso  di 
crine. 

Hair-net;   reticella  pei  capelli. 

Hair-pencil;  pennello, 

Hair-pin ;  forcina  da  capelli. 

Hair  powder ;  cipria. 

Hair's  breadth  ;  By  a -, 

mancare  un  pelo.  He  came 

within  a of  being  killed, 

manco  un  pelo  che  fosse 
ucciso. 


Hair  shirt ;  cilizio. 
Hair  sieve ;  setaccio. 
Hair-splitting ;  i.  sottigliezza, 

cavillo.     2.  sottilizzante. 
Hairy ;    peloso,  capelluto,   cri- 

nito. 
Hake ;    nasello,    fico    mediter- 

raneo. 

Halberd ;  alabarda. 
Halcyon  ;  cahno,  felice,  sereno. 
Hale;  robusto,  sano. 
Half;  mezzo,  a  meta. 
Half-bound ;  mezzo  rilegato. 
Half-breed ;    meticcio,   mezzo 

sangue. 
Half-brother;  fratello  uterino, 

fratellastro. 

Half-caste  ;  di  sangue  misto. 
Half-crown ;    moneta    di    tre 

franchi. 

Half-done  ;  fatto  a  meta. 
Half-dozen ;  mezza  dozzina. 
Half-holiday;  mezza  festa. 
Half-hour ;  mezz'  ora. 
Half  life-size;  di  mezza  gran- 

dezza,  a  meta  del  naturale. 
Half-mast ;  mezz'  asta. 
Half-measure  ;  mezza  misura. 
Half-moon  ;  mezza  luna. 
Halfpenny;  soldo. 
Half-sister ;  sorellastra. 
Half-way  ;  a  mezza  strada. 
Half-witted;  semplice, cretino. 
Half  year ;  semestre. 
Halibut ;  specie  di  rombo. 
Hall ;    salone,    sala,    vestibolo. 

Servants'  — ,  stanza  dei  do- 

mestici. 
Halloo;    i.  grido.     1.  gridare, 

vociare. 

Hallow;  consacrare. 
Hallucination ;  allucinazione. 
Halm ;  stoppia. 
Halo ;  alone,  gloria,  aureola. 
Halt ;    i.    sosta,   alto,   fermata. 

2.  zoppo.     3.  fermarsi,  fare 

alto. 

Halter;  capestro. 
Halting-place;  tappa. 
Halve  ;  smezzare. 
Halyard  ;  drizza. 
Ham;  i.  presciutto.    2.  poplite. 
Hamlet;  casale. 
Hammer;     i.     martello.       2. 

cane  (di  fucile).     3.   martel- 

lare. 

Hammer  away;  perseverare. 
Hammercloth ;  gualdrappa  di 

parata    sul    sedile    del    coc- 

chiere. 

Hammock;  amaca,  branda. 
Hamper;     i.    paniere,    cesto, 

canestro.     t.  inceppare,  im- 

barazzare,  impicciare. 


Hamster;  criceto. 

Hamstring;  i.  tendine  del 
garretto.  2.  tagliare  i  ten- 
dini  del  garretto,  sgarrettare. 

Hand;  i.  mano.  2.  lancetta. 
3.  opra.  4.  palmo.  5.  - 
at  cards,  mano.  6.  — s  off, 
giii  le  mani  I  7.  At  — ,  sotto 
mano,  vicino.  8.  At  first 
— ,  di  prima  mano.  9.  By 
— ,  per  mano,  con  la  mano. 

10.  Cotne    to   — ,   arrivare. 

11.  Get  one's  —  in,  fare  la 
mano   a.     Get    one's   —   in 
again,  riabituarsi  al  giuoco. 

12.  —    and   glove,    stretta- 
mente  associate,  cuciti  a  fil 
doppio.     13.    Go   —  in  — , 
andare   d'   accordo,    accom- 
pagnarsi,    farsi    compagnia. 

14.  A  good —  at,  huono  per. 

15.  Have  a  —  in,  prender 
parte   a,    o   in.       16.    Have 
one's  —  in,  essere   in  vena. 
1 7.  With  a  high  — ,  con  auto- 
rita,  in  modo  prepotente,  v. 
High-handed.      18.    /«   — , 
(a)  in  cassa,  (6)  avviato,  (c) 
in  mano ;    Well  in  — ,  bene 
in  mano.     19.  Join  — s,  con- 
giungersi,  darsi  la  mano.    20. 
Keep  a  tight  —  over,  tenere 
strettamente  sotto  mano.    2 1 . 
Lay  — s  on,   far  man  bassa 
su.     22.  Lend  a  — ,  prestar 
mano.       23.     An     old    — , 
esperto ;    To   be  an  old   — 
at  it,  esser  buon  conoscitore. 

24.  On   — ,    in    magazzino. 

25.  On  the  one  — ,  da  una 
parte.     26.   On  the  other  — , 
dall'  altra  parte,  d'  altra  parte, 
invcce,     dall'    altro     canto, 
dall'  altro  partito.     27.   Out 
of  — ,    (a)    presto,    spedita- 
mente,    (/<)    sbrigliato ;    Get 
out  of  — ,  prender  la  mano. 
28.  Play  into  the  opponent's 
— s,  fare  il  giuoco  dell'  av- 
versario.     29.  Play  into  each 
other's  — s,  tenersi  di  mano, 
intendersi.     30.    Take  in  — , 
intraprendere,     mettersi     a, 
caricarsidi.  31.  Try  one's — , 
provarsi.     32.  Turn  one's  — 
to,  mettersi  a,  occuparsi  di. 

33-  porgere.   34.  —  about, 
far  passare  di  mano  in  mano. 

35.  —    down,   trasmettere. 

36.  —  in,  (a)  rimettere,  con- 
segnare,  (K)  aiutare  a  entrare 
(in  carrozza).     37.   —  over, 
rimettere.     38.  —  round,  far 
circolare,  lai  girare. 


Hand-barrow;  barella. 
Hand-bell ;  campanello  (da  ta- 

vola). 
Handbill;  annunzio  da  distri- 

buire  a  mano,  avviso. 
Handbook ;  manuale,  libretto, 

guida. 
Handcart ;  carretto. 

Handcuff;  manetta. 

Handful;  pugno,  manata,mani- 
polo. 

Hand-gallop;  piccolo galoppo. 

Hand-glass;  i.  specchio  a 
mano.  2.  piccola  campana, 
coperchio  di  velro. 

Handicap;  i.  handicap,  corsa 
differenziale,  giunta,  abbono, 
impiccio,  difficolta.  2.  cari- 
car  di  pesi  i  cavalli  nelle 
corse  difierenziali.  3.  im- 
picciare, imbarazzare. 

Handicraft ;  mestiere,  arte. 

Handicraftsman ;  artigiano, 
artefice. 

Handily;  a  proposito. 

Handiness ;  destrezza. 

Handiwork;  fattura,  opera. 

Handkerchief;  fazzoletto,  moc- 
cichino. 

Handle;  i.  manico,  manubrio, 
manovella,  orecchio,  impug- 
natura.  2.  fig.  presa,  lato 
debole.  3.  maneggiare,  trat- 
tare,  servirsi  di. 

Handle-bar;  manubrio. 

Handling;  i.  maneggiamento, 
maneggio,  uso.  2.  maniera. 

Handloom  ;  lelaio  da  mano. 

Handmaid;  serva. 

Hand-organ;  organetto. 

Handrail ;  parapetto,  ringhiera, 
guidamano,  guardamano. 

Handrest;  bacchetta. 

Handsel;  r.  primo  uso,  prima 
vendita.  2.  caparra.  3. 
strenna.  4.  far  uso  per  la 
prima  volta,  far  fare  la  prima 
vendita  a,  indossare  per  la 
prima  volta  (un  abito).  5. 
dar  la  mancia. 

Handsome;  bello. 

Handsomely ;  da  galantuomo, 
bene,  bellamente. 

Handsomeness;  Ijellezza. 

Handspike ;  manovella. 

Hand  to  mouth;  allagiornala, 
stentamenle. 

Handwork ;  lavoro  fatto  a 
mano. 

Handwriting;  mano,  scrittura. 

Handy;  i.  alia  mano,  comodo, 
a  portata  di  mano.  2.  destro, 
abile.  3.  —  book,  prontua- 
rio. 


Ivi 


HANDY    MAN— HEAD    MAN 


Handy  man ;  fasservizi,  chi  sa 
far  tutto  non  troppo  male. 

Hang;  i .  attaccare, sospendere, 
impiccare.  ^.  chinare.  3. 
abbassare  (la  testa).  4.  las- 
eiar  caclere.  5.  guarnire, 
tappezzare.  6.  penzolare. 
7.  dipendere.  8.  —  loose, 
ondeggiare.  9.  —  about, 
gironzare,  dondolare.  10. 

—  back,  esitare.      n.  —  in 
doubt,  stare  in  dubbio.      12. 

—  out,   far   vedere,    inalbe- 
rare.      13.   —  over,  (a)  chi- 
narsi  su,  pendere  sopra,  esser 
sospeso   su,    (6)    minacciare, 
pesare  su.     14.  —  together, 
restare  insieme,  sostenersi. 

Hang-dog;  scampaforca. 

Hanger;  coltellaccio. 

Hanger-on;  scroccone. 

Hanging;  i.  impiccagione. 
2.  — s,  cortinaggio,  parato, 
tappezzerie.  3.  sospeso. 

Hank;  matassa. 

Hanker;  agognare. 

Hankering;  i.  bramoso.  2. 
voglia. 

Hanseatic ;  anseatico. 

Hansom ;  specie  di  calessino. 

Hap ;  caso. 

Haphazard ;  a  caso. 

Hapless;  in  felice. 

Happen ;  accadere,  avvenire, 
darsi.  As  it  may  — ,  secondo 
il  caso. 

Happiness;  fortuna,  felicita. 

Happy ;  felice,  fortunato,  pro- 
pizio,  lieto. 

Harangue ;  aring-a,  -are. 

Harass ;  tormentare,  stancare, 
spossare,  incomodare. 

Harbinger ;  precursore,  foriero. 

Harbour;  i.  porto.  2.  alber- 
gare,  ricettare. 

Harbour-master;  capitanodel 
porto. 

Hard;  i.  duro,  aspro,  difficile, 
rigoroso.  2.  —  of  hearing, 
sordastro.  3.  —  by,  qui 
vicino,  presso.  4.  forte 
(gelo).  5.  intrepido  (cava- 
liere).  6.  dirottamente.  7. 

—  up,  alle  strette.     8.  It  is 
blowing  — ,  fa  gran  vento. 
9.  Be  —  put  to  it,  aver  gran 
pena.    10.  Go  —  with,tornar 
male  per.     n.  Hold  — ,  fer- 
marsi,  ritenersi. 

Hard-bake;  caramella. 
Hard-boiled ;  sodo. 
Hard-earned ;      penosamente 

guadagnato,  ottenuto  a  sten- 

to. 

Harden ;  indurire,  assodare. 
Hard-favoured ;  dall'  aspetto 

duro. 

Hard  fescue ;  paleo  alpino. 
Hard-fought;  accanito. 
Hard-handed ;  dalle  mani  cal- 

lose. 
Hard-headed ;     astuto,    dalla 

testa  quadra. 

Hard-hearted;  duro.inumano. 
Hardihood ;  arditezza,  sfronta- 

tezza. 

Hardish;  duretto. 
Hardly;    i.  appena,   a  stento. 

2.  duramente,  severamente. 
Hard-mouthed;  duro  di  bocca. 


Hardness ;  durezza. 

Hard  pressed ;  molto  imbara/,- 

zato,  ridotto  agli  estremi. 
Hards;  lische. 
Hardship;  durezza, fatica,  pena, 

tribolazione,  privazione,    in- 

giustizia. 

Hardware ;  chincaglia. 
Hardy;    i.    robusto,   forte,  ar- 

dito.     2.  di  piena  terra. 
Hare;  lepre. 
Harebell ;  campanula. 
Harebrained ;   sventato,   scer- 

vellato. 

Hare-lip ;  labbro  leporino. 
Harem ;  arem. 
Hare's  ear;  polmone  di  bue. 
Haricot ;  guazzetto. 
Haricot  bean ;  fagiuolo. 
Hark !  ascolta  ! 
Hark  back;  ritornare,  rivenire 

sui  suoi  passi. 
Harlequin ;  arleccbino. 
Harlot ;  meretrice. 
Harm;    i.    danno,    male.       2. 

nuocere,    danneggiare,    pre- 

giudiziare,  far  torto. 
Harmful ;  nocevole,  dannoso. 
Harmfulness;  nocevolezza. 
Harmless;    innocuo,    inofifen- 

sivo. 

Harmonium;  armonio. 
Harmony ;  armonia. 
Harness;    i.   finimenti,  barda- 

tura.     2-    attaccare,  mettere 

i  finimenti  a,  bardare. 
Harness-maker;  sellaio. 
Harness-room;  selleria. 
Harp ;    i.     arpa.       2.    suonare 

1'  arpa.     3.  —  upon,  ripeter 

sempre. 

Harpoon ;  fiocina. 
Harpsichord;  clavicembalo. 
Harpy ;  arpia. 
Harridan;  vecchiaccia. 
Harrier;   i.   levriere.     2.   boz- 

zago,     albanella,     falco     di 

palude. 
Harrow;  i.erpice.   2.  erpicare. 

3.  straziare. 
Harry;  saccheggiare. 
Harsh;    i.    aspro,   ruvido.      2. 

severo,  rigoroso,  crudele. 
Hart ;  cervo. 

Hartshorn ;  ammoniaca  liquida. 
Hart's  tongue-;  lingua  cervina. 
Harum-scarum ;  stordito. 
Harvest;     i.    messe,    raccolta. 

2.  mietere,   raccogliere. 
Harvest-bug;  lepto autunnale. 
Harvester;  mietitrice. 
Harvest    home ;     festa    della 

mietitura. 

Harvest-man  ;  falanzio. 
Harvest-time;  mietitura. 
Hash;   i.   roba  riscaldata,  am- 

morsellata.    2.  guazzabuglio; 

Make  a  —  of,  impasticciare. 

3.  sminuzzare,  tagliuzzare. 
Hashish ;  ascisc. 

Haslet ;  coratella. 

Hasp ;  fermaglio,  boncinello. 

Hassock;  cuscino,  inginocchia- 

toio. 
Haste ;  fretta,  prestezza.    Make 

— ,  affrettarsi,  sbrigarsi. 
Hasten ;  affrettare,  far  premura, 

sollecitare. 
Hasty;   i.  pronto,  rapido.     i. 

sconsiderato,  precipitate. 


Hasty  pudding;  pappa. 
Hat ;  cappello. 

Hat-band ;  nastro  di  cappello. 
Hat-box ;  cappelliera. 
Hat-brush;  setolino. 
Hatch;  i .  boccaporto.    i.  porta 

a   ribalta.       3.    covata.      4. 

covare.    5.  tratteggiare,  graf- 

fiare.      6.    macchinare,    tra- 

mare. 

Hatched ;  scovato. 
Hatchel;  scardasso,  diliscatoio. 
Hatchet ;  accetta. 
Hatching;  incubazione. 
Hatchment ;  stemma. 
Hate  ;  avere  in  odio. 
Hatred ;  odio. 
Hatter ;  cappellaio. 
Haughty ;  altiero,  fiero,  super- 

bioso. 
Haul;     i.    retata.       2.    tirare, 

alare. 

Haulm  ;  i.  stelo.  2.  stoppia. 
Haunch;  j.  anca.  2.  quarto. 
Haunt ;  i.  soggiorno,  ritiro. 

2.  frequenlare,  bazzicare,  in- 

festare. 

Haunted;  infestato dagli spirit!. 
Hautboy ;  oboe. 
Have  ;  avere,  tenere,  possedere. 
Have  at ;  piombare  su. 
Have  away ;  togliere  via. 
Have  back;  farsi  restituire. 
Have  down  ;  far  discendere. 
Have  on ;  portare. 
Haven  ;  porto,  rada,  rifugio. 
Haversack;  bisaccia. 
Havoc;    strage,    guasto,    scon- 

quasso. 

Haw  ;  bacca  di  bianco-spino. 
Haw-finch ;  frosone. 
Haw-haw;  v.  Haha. 
Hawk;   i.   falco,  sparirere.     2. 

sputacchiare. 
Hawker;  merciaiolo ambulante, 

rivendugliolo. 
Hawk-moth ;  sfinge. 
Hawk-weed;  ieracia,  pelosella. 
Hawse  ;  parte  della  prua. 
Hawse-holes ;  cubic. 
Hawser;  alzana,  gherlino. 
Hawthorn;  biancospino. 
Hay;    i.   fieno  ;    Make  — ,  far 

fieno.     2.  metier  a  fieno. 
Hay-barn ;  fienaia. 
Hay-cock;    bica,    mucchio    di 

fieno. 

Hay-cutter;  taglia-fieno. 
Hay-fever;  febbre  maggiaiuola, 

catarro  estivo. 
Hay-fork;  forcone. 
Hay-harvest ;  fienagione. 
Hay-loft ;  tienile. 
Haymaker;  falciatore. 
Haymaking;  falciatura. 
Hay-rick,     Hay-stack ;     pa- 

gliaio  di  fieno. 
Hazard;   i.  caso,  azzardo,  ris- 

chio ;  At  all  — s,  qualunque 

cosa   accada.     2.    azzardare, 

arrischiare. 

Hazardous;  rischioso. 
Haze;    i.    nebbia,    bruma.     2. 

malmenare,  strapazzare. 
Hazel ;  nocciolo. 
Hazel-copse;  macchia  di  noc- 

cioli. 

Hazel-nut ;  nocciola. 
Haziness ;  nebbiosita. 
Hazy ;  nebbioso,  brumoso. 


He;  egli,  lui,  quegli,  colui,esso. 

Head;  i.  testa,  capo.  2.  spi- 
rito,  senno,  intelligenza ;  I 
have  no  —  for  figures,  non 
sono  forte  in  aritmetica.  3. 
capo,  principale,  direttore. 
4.  titolo,  rubrica.  5.  (source) 
sorgente.  6.  (of  a  nail)  ca- 

rchia.  7.  (of  a  ship)  prua. 
(of  an  arrow,  or  of  as- 
paragus) punta.  9.  (of  a 
cane)  pomo.  10.  (of  celery) 
piede,  capo.  n.  (of  game 
or  poultry)  capo.  12.  (of  a 
college)  rettore.  13.  (of  a 
bed)  testa.  14.  (of  a  table) 
capo.  15.  (of  a  cask,  or 
drum)  fondo.  16.  (of  a 
bridge)  testata.  17.  (of  a 
flight  of  stairs)  cima.  18. 
(of  water)  pressione.  19. — 
of  hair,  capigliatura.  20.  — 
over  heels,  a  capitombolo. 
21.  From  —  to  foot,  da  capo 
a'  piedi.  22.  At  so  much 
a  — ,  tanto  per  uno  o  a 
testa.  23.  out  of  one's  own 
— ,  di  sua  testa.  24.  Over 

—  and  ears  in  love,  innamo- 
rato  cotto.     25.  Over  —  and 
ears  in  debt,  pieno  di  debiti. 
26.   Bring  to  a  — ,  portare  a 
termine.       27.    Do   a   thing 
over    the    —    of,    fare    una 
finestra  sul  tetto  a,  v.  Fines- 
tra  (3).     28.    Off  one's  — , 
fuorseimato.     29.  Come  into 
one's  — ,  venire  alia  mente. 
30.  (of  wine)  to  get  into  one's 
— ,  dare  al  capo.    31.  I  can- 
not make  —  or  tail  of  it,  non 
ne  capisco  niente.    32.  Hold 
up  one's  — ,   tenersi   dritto. 
33.  Lay  their  — s  together, 
intendersi.      34.    Make    — , 
far  dei  progress!.     35.  Make 

—  against,  tener  testa  a,  far 
fronte  a.     36.  Run  in  one's 
— ,  tornar  sempre  a  mente. 
37.    Run    one's    —   against 
the    wall,    fare   a'  cozzi   col 
muro.      38.    Take    in    into 
one's  — ,    mettersi  in  testa. 
39.    — s   and   tails,   croce   e 
lettera,  testa  e  lettera,  arme 
o  santi. 

40.  condurre,  dirigere,  ca- 

pitanare,  mettersi  alia  testa 

di.     41.  sorpassare.     42.  to 

-  (a  page),  intestare.     43. 

—  back,   fare   ritornare   sui 
passi. 

Headache ;  mal  di  capo,  emi- 

crania. 

Head-band;  benda. 
Head-dress ;   acconciatura  del 

capo,  pettinatura. 
Header;   i.  Take  a  — ,  gettarsi 

nell"  acqua   a  capofitto.     2. 

— s   and   stretchers,  mattoni 

che  fanno  vedere  la  testa  e 

il  lato  rispettivamente  in  un 

muro. 

Heading ;  intestazione,  testata. 
Headland;  capo. 
Headless;  senza  testa. 
Headlong  ;    sconsiderato,   pre- 

cipitoso,  precipitato,  a  capo 

fitto. 
Head  man ;  capo. 


HEAD    MASTER— HEW 


Ivii 


Head  master ;  principale,  ret- 
tore. 

Head  money;  testatico. 

Head  office ;  ufficio  principale, 
sede  primaria. 

Head  partner ;  associate  prin- 
cipale. 

Head-quarters;  r.  quartiere 
generale.  2.  ufficio  centrale, 
amministrazione  centrale. 

Head-rest ;  appoggiacapo. 

Headship ;  primato,  principato. 

Headsman;  giustiziere. 

Headstall ;  cavezza,  capestro, 
testiera. 

Headstrong;  testardo. 

Head- wrap;  scialletto  pel  capo. 

Heady;  forte,  v.  Head  (31). 

Heal ;  guarire. 

Health;   i.  salute,     2.  brindisi. 

3.  Bill    of   — ,    patente    di 
sanita.    4.   Laws  of  — ,  leggi 
igieniche. 

Healthful;  salubre. 
Healthiness;  salubrita. 
Healthy;   i.  sano.    2.  salutare. 
Heap;   i.  mucchio,  monte,  am- 

masso.     2.    —  up,   ammuc- 

chiare,  ammassare. 
Hear;   i.  sentire,  udire,  inten- 

dere.     2.  esaudire. 
Hearer;  uditore,  ascoltatore. 
Hearing;    i.  udito.     2.  udien- 

za.     3.  esame  di  testimonii. 

4.  Within    — ,    a     portata 
d'  orecchio.     5.   Quick  of  — , 
coll'  orecchio  fino. 

Hearken;  ascoltare,  stare  at- 
tento. 

Hearsay;  diceria.  By — ,  per 
sentita  dire. 

Hearse ;  carro  funebre. 

Heart;  i.  cuore.  2.  coraggio. 
3.  centro,  mezzo,  fondo.  4. 
(at  cards)  cori.  5.  After 
one's  own  — ,  proprio  come 
si  vuole.  6.  At  — ,  in  fondo, 
dentro  di  se.  7.  By  — ,  a 
mente,  a  memoria.  8.  With 
all  one's  — ,  di  tutto  cuore. 

9.  Out   of  — ,   scoraggiato. 

10.  Break     one's     — ,     v. 
Broken-hearted.        n.     Set 
one's  —  upon,  avere  a  cuore, 
premiere    in    affetto,    essere 
bramoso  di.     12.  His — was 
in  his  mouth,  aveva  il  cuore 
in  bocca. 

Heart-ache;  crepacuore. 
Heart-breaking;  straziante. 
Heart-broken ;      v.      Broken- 
hearted. 
Heart-burn;  bruciore  (di  sto- 

maco). 
Heart-disease ;     malattia     di 

cuore. 
Heartfelt ;    cordiale,  vivo,  sin- 

cero. 

Hearth ;  focolare. 
Hearth-brush ;    granatino   da 

camino. 
Hearth-rug;    tappeto  davanti 

al  focolare. 
Hearth-stone;    i.    pietra   per 

dare  il  bianco.     2.  pietra  del 

focolare. 
Heartily;   i.  cordialmente.     2. 

profondamente.     3.  di  buon 

appetito. 
Heartiness;  cordialita. 

H. 


Heartless ;    senza  cuore,   inu- 

mano. 
Heartlessly ;  senza  cuore,  cru- 

delmente. 
Heartlessness  ;     insensibilita, 

inumanita. 

Heartrending ;  straziante. 
Heart-searching;  esame  di  se 

stesso,  esame  di  coscienza. 
Heart's   ease ;   viola  del  pen- 

siero. 
Heart-sick;    abbattuto,   acco- 

rato. 

Heart-stirring;  commovente. 
Heart-string;   fibra  del  cuore. 
Heart-whole;  disamorato. 
Hearty;    i.  sano,  robusto,  ru- 

bizzo.     2.  cordiale. 
Heat;   i.  caldo,  calore,  afa.     2. 

collera,    animosita,    ardore. 

3.    scaldare ;    —   up,   riscal- 

dare. 
Heater ;    scaldino,    scaklatore, 

scaldavivande. 
Heath ;     i.    brughiera,    landa. 

2.  erica,  scopa. 
Heathen ;  pagano. 
Heathenism  ;  paganesimo. 
Heather;  v.  Heath  (2). 
Heathy ;  coperto  di  scope. 
Heating;     i.    scaklatura.      2. 

scaldante. 

Heave;    i.   sollevare.     2.   get- 
tare    (sospiro).       3.     •  -    in 

sight,  comparire.     4.   —  to, 

mettersi  in  panna. 
Heaven ;  cielo. 
Heaven-born;  celeste. 
Heavenly ;  celeste. 
Heavily;   i.  pesantemente.    2. 

di  peso. 

Heaviness;  pesantezza. 
Heaving;  ondeggiamento,  agi- 

tazione. 
Heavy;   i.  pesante.     v.  — sea, 

mare  grosso. 

Hebdomadal ;  ebdomadario. 
Hebrew;   i.  ebreo.    2.  ebraico. 
Hecatomb;  ecatombe. 
Heckle;  far  delle  domande  im- 

barazzanti   ad  un  candidate 

pel  Parlamento. 
Hectare;  ettaro. 
Hectic;  etico. 
Hectolitre;  ettolitro. 
Hector;    i.   malmenare,  svilla- 

neggiare.    2.  spacconeggiare. 
Hectoring;  spacconata. 
Hedge;    i.  siepe.     2.   mettersi 

al  coperto. 

Hedge-bill;  roncola. 
Hedge  garlic ;  alliaria. 
Hedgehog ;  riccio,  porcospino. 
Hedge-sparrow;  passera  sco- 

paiola. 

Heed  ;  badare  a,  dar  retta  a. 
Heedful;  attento. 
Heedless ;  disattento,  stordito. 
Heedlessly ;  senza  cura,  tras- 

curatamente. 

Heedlessness ;  trascuratezza. 
Heel;    i.   calcagno.      2.   piede 

(dell'  albero).     3.  tacco.     4. 

rattacconare.       5.    —   over, 

dare  alia  banda. 
Heft ;  manico. 
Hegira  ;  egira. 
Heidelberg ;  Eidelberga. 
Heifer;  giovenca. 
Heigh-ho;  oime, 


Height ;  altezza,  colmo,  cima. 

—  of  summer,   colmo    del- 
1'  estate. 

Heighten ;  accrescere,  fare 
spiccare. 

Heightening ;  accrescimento. 

Heinous;  atroce,  enorme. 

Heir;  erede. 

Heirloom ;  mobile  inaliena- 
ble. 

Heliostat;  eliostata. 

Heliotrope;  eliotropio. 

Helix;  elica. 

Hell;  inferno. 

Hell-cat ;  stregonaccia. 

Hellenic;  ellenico. 

Hellish  ;  infernale. 

Helm ;  timone,  barra. 

Helmet;  elmo. 

Helmsman;  timoniere. 

Helot ;  ilota. 

Help;  i.  aiuto,  soccorso.  2. 
servo,  serva.  3.  aiutare, 
soccorrere.  4.  I  could  not 

—  it,  non  potevo  fare  altri- 
menti ;  I  could  not  —  falling 
into  the  trap,  bisogno  cadere 
nella  trappola ;   I  cannot  — 
thinking  he  did  it  out  of  ill- 
nature,  non  posso  fare  a  nieno 
di  credere  che  1'  abbia  fatto 
per  malevolenza ;  I  shall  not 
go  there  more  than  I  can  — , 
non  vi  andrb  piu  del  bisogno ; 
I  never  stay  in  London  longer 
than  I  can  — ,  'non  sto  mai 
a  Londra  piu  di  quello  che 
non  sia  necessario.     5.  ser- 
vire  (a  tavola)  ;  —  yourself, 
servitevi.     6.  —  down,  aiu- 
tare a  scendere.     7.  —  for- 
ward, promuovere. 

Helpful ;  utile,  salutevole. 
Helpless;    i.   senza  soccorso. 

2.  incapace,  impotente,  senza 

risorsa. 

Helpmate ;  compagn-o,  -a. 
Helter-skelter ;  alia  rinfusa. 
Helve ;  manico. 
Hem ;    i.  orlo.     2.   orlare.     3. 

—  and  haw,  fare  hem,  esi- 

tare.     4.   —  in,  circondare, 

investire. 

Hemiplegia;  emiplegia. 
Hemisphere ;  emisfera. 
Hemlock;  cicuta. 
Hemorrhage ;  emorragia. 
Hemp ;  canapo. 
Hempen ;  di  canapa. 
Hempseed;  canapuccia. 
Hen;    i.  gallina,  chioccia.     2. 

femmina  (degli  uccelli). 
Henbane ;  giusquiamo. 
Hence;   i.  di  qua,  di  qui.     2. 

quindl,     percio.       3.     Four 

months  — ,  di  qui  a  quattro 

mesi. 
Henceforth ;    d'   ora   innanzi, 

ormai,  per  1'  avvenire. 
Henchman;     i.    paggio.       2. 

seguace. 

Hen-coop;  stia. 
Hen-harrier;  albanella. 
Hen-house ;  pollaio. 
Henna;  enn£. 
Henpecked ;   di  cui  la  moglie 

porta  i  calzoni. 

Hen-roost;  posatoio,  pollaio. 
Hepatica ;  trifoglio  epatico. 
Heptarchy     ttarchia. 


Her;  la,  lei,  di  lei. 

Herald;  i.  araldo,  messaggero. 

2.  annunziare,  proclamare. 
Heraldic ;  araldico. 
Heraldry;  araldica. 
Herb;  erba. 
Herbaceous;  erbaceo. 
Herbage ;  erbaggio. 
Herbalist ;  erborista. 
Herbarium ;  erbario. 
Herb    Gerarde;    erba    di    S. 

Gerardo. 

Herbivorous;  erbivoro. 
Herborise ;  erborizzare. 
Herb  Paris ;  uva  di  volpe. 
Herculean ;  erculeo. 
Herd  ;   i.  gregge,  mandria.    2. 

custodire.     3.  associarsi. 
Herdsman;  rnandriano. 
Here;   ci,  qui,  qua,  di  qui,  di 

qua.          -    below,    quaggiu. 
-   he  is,    eccolo  !      — 's  to 

you,  alia  vostra  salute  ! 
Hereabouts;  qua  vicino. 
Hereafter;  i.  d'  ora  innanzi. 

2.  nell'  altro  mondo. 
Hereat ;  a  cio,  a  questo. 
Hereby ;  cosl,  con  questo  mez- 
zo. 

Hereditament;  bene  stabile. 
Hereditary;  ereditario. 
Herein ;  in  cio,  in  questo. 
Hereof;  di  questo,  ne. 
Hereon ;  su  questo,  lassu. 
Heresy  ;  eresia. 
Heretic;  eretico. 
Hereto ;  a  questo,  a  cio. 
Heretofore ;  finora,  un  tempo, 

altre  volte. 

Hereunder;  qui  sotto. 
Hereupon;    allora,    in   quella, 

lassu . 
Herewith ;  con  cio,  per  questo 

mezzo,  in  questo,  colla  pre- 

sente. 
Heriot ;   bestia  o  altro  dovuto 

come  canone  al  proprietario 

e  alia  scelta  di  questo  dopo 

la  morte  del  conduttore  del 

fondo. 
Heritable;  che  si  pu6  eredi- 

tare. 

Heritage ;  retaggio,  eredita. 
Hermaphrodite  ;  ermafrodito. 
Hermetic ;  ennetico. 
Hermit ;  eremita,  romito. 
Hermitage ;    eremitaggio,    ro- 

mitorio. 
Hermit     crab ;     paguro    ber- 

nardo. 

Hernia;  ernia. 
Hero;  eroe. 
Heroine;  eroina. 
Heron ;  airone,  sgarza. 
Heronry;  luogo  dove  nascono 

gli  aironi. 
Herring ;     aringa.       Red    — , 

aringa  affumicata. 
Herringboned ;  fatto  a  lisca  di 

pesce. 

Hers;  di  lei. 
Herself;  lei  stessa,  se. 
Hesitancy ;  irresoluzione. 
Hesitate ;  esitare,  titubare. 
Hesse;  Assia. 

Hessian  boots ;  stivali  assiani. 
Heterodox ;  eterodosso. 
Heterogeneous ;  eterogeneo. 
Hew ;  tagliare,  fendere,  sminuz- 

zare.     —  down,  abbattere. 

H 


Iviii 


HEWER— HOME-MADE 


Hewer;  tagliatore.    — of  wood, 

spaccalegna. 
Hexagon ;  esagono. 
Hexameter;  esametro. 
Hey!  eh! 

Heyday ;  forza,  bei  giorni. 
Hi !  ola  ! 

Hiatus;  iato,  lacuna. 
Hibernate ;  svernare. 
Hibernian ;  iberno. 
Hiccough ;     singhiozzo.       To 
have  — s,   aver  gli  strangu- 
glioni. 

Hidden ;  nascosto. 

Hide;  i.  pelle.    i.  nasconclere. 

Hide  and  seek ;  capanniscon- 
dersi. 

Hidebound ;  serrato,  intratta- 
bile. 

Hideous ;  laido,  schifoso. 

Hider ;  nasconditore. 

Hiding;  i.  nascondimento.  2. 
legnate,  bastonatura. 

Hie;  correre,  spicciarsi. 

Hierarch ;  gerarca. 

Hieroglyphic ;  geroglifico. 

Hierophant;  ierofante. 

Higgle ;  stiracchiare. 

Higgledy-piggledy ;  alia  rin- 
fusa,  come  va  va. 

High  ;  i.  alto,  elevate,  i.  im- 
portante.  3.  vivo  (colore), 
grosso  (mare).  4.  passato. 
5.  —  fever,  gran  febbre.  6. 
accollalo.  7.  It  is  —  time, 
e  gia  tempo.  8.  To  play  — , 
giocare  gran  giuoco ;  The 
play  is  too  —  for  me,  si 
gioca  troppo  forte  per  me. 
9.  The  Most  — ,  il  sommo 
Dio. 

High  altar ;  altar  maggiore. 

High-born ;  nobile. 

High  church ;  chiesa  rituale. 

High  churchman ;  chi  vuole 
un  rituale  elaborate,  parti- 
giano  clericale. 

High-class;  dislinto.superiore. 

High-coloured;  di  carnagione 
vivid  a. 

High  Court ;  alta  Corte. 

High-crowned;  con  cocuzzolo 
alto. 

High  day ;  festa. 

High-falutin  ;  i.  discorso  nella 
luna.  2.  tronfiante. 

High-flier;  uomo  fantastico, 
stravagante. 

High-flown ;  ampolloso. 

High-flying;  ambizioso. 

High-handed ;  prepotente,  op- 
pressive. He  acted  in  a  — 
manner,  fece  valere  le  sue 
ragioni  con  la  forza.  These 
—  proceedings,  questo  modo 
di  agire  non  autorizzato  dalla 
legge. 

High -heeled ;  a  tacco  alto. 

High  jinks;  allegrezza  briosa. 

Highlander ;  montanaro. 

Highlands ;  paese  montanoso. 

High  life ;  vita  signorile. 

High  living;  far  buona  ta- 
vola. 

Highly ;  altamente,  forte,  forte- 
mente,  grandemente. 

Highly  coloured  ;  esagerato, 
di  colore  vivido. 

Highly  fed ;  bene  nutrito. 

Highly  gifted ;  ben  dotato. 


Highly   wrought;    fortemente 

agitato. 
High-mettled;  coraggioso,  fo- 

coso. 
High-minded ;      magnanimo, 

nobile,  di  spirito  generoso. 
Highness;  Altezza. 
High-pitched ;  a  pendenza  ri- 

pida. 
High   place;   luogo  d'  onore, 

alto  luogo. 

High  pressure  ;  alta  pressione. 
High  price  ;  prezzo  elevato. 
High  priest ;  gran  sacerdote. 
High-principled ;   di  principi 

elevati. 

High  relief;  alto  rilievo. 
High  road;  strada  maestra. 
High-seasoned;  conditoassai, 

piccante,  pepato. 
High    souled ;   di  eletto  inge- 

gno. 

High-sounding;  altisonante. 
High-spirited ;    fiero,   focoso, 

ardito,  animoso. 
High    street ;     strada    princi- 

pale. 

Hight;  detto. 
High  water;  plena  niarea. 
Highway ;  strada  pubblica. 
Highwayman ;  grassatore. 
High  words ;  They  came  to  — 

— ,  vennero  a  parolacce. 
Hilarious ;  ilare. 
Hill ;  collina,  poggio. 
Hillock ;  monticello,  poggiolo. 
Hillside ;  pendio,  collinetta. 
Hilly;  montuoso. 
Hilt;  elsa. 

Him  ;  lo,  lui,  quello,  colui. 
Himself;  egli  stesso,  lui  stesso. 
Hind;     i.    cerva,    daina.       2. 

contadino,    villico.       3.     di 

dietro. 
Hinder;  i.  posteriore.     2.  im- 

pedire. 

Hindmost ;  piii  indietro. 
Hindostanee ;  indostano. 
Hindrance ;   ostacolo,  impedi- 

mento. 
Hinge ;    i .  cardine,   ganghero, 

perno,    arpione.      2.    ingan- 

gherare. 

Hinny;  bardotto. 
Hint;   i.   punto,  cenno,  avviso. 

2.     accennare,    dar    cenno, 

suggerire,  dare  ad  intendere, 

parlare  a  mezz'  aria. 
Hip ;   r.   anca.     •2.  bacca  dclla 

rosa,  grattaculo.     3.  sacttile. 
Hip-bath  ;  semicupio. 
Hip-bone ;  ischio. 
Hip-hop ;  zoppicando. 
Hipped;   i.  stanco.     2.  (letto) 

fatto  a  groppa. 
Hippodrome ;  ippodromo. 
Hippopotamus ;  ippopotamo. 
Hip-roof;  tetto  a  groppa. 
Hire;    i.    pigione,   nolo,   fitto, 

affitto,  salario,  stipendio      2. 

appigionare,  dare  o  prendere 

a  pigione  o  a  nolo,  noleggiare, 

prezzolare.    3. — oneself  out, 

allogarsi. 

Hireling;  mercenario. 
Hirsute ;  irsuto. 
His ;   suo,  di  lui. 
Hiss;     i.    fischio,    sibilo.      2. 

fischiare,  sibilare. 
Historian ;  storico. 


History;  storia. 

Hit;  i.  colpo,  percossa,  botta, 
urto.  2.  colpire,  percuotere, 
urtare.  3.  —  it,  riuscire,  in- 
dovinarla.  4.  -  -  off,  (a) 
iniitar  bene ;  (6)  • —  off  the 
runs,  fare  abbastanza  "runs" 
per  vincere  la  partita.  5.  — 
it  off,  (a)  accordarsi,  (6)  farla 
proprio  come  si  doveva,  az- 
zeccarla.  6.  —  the  nail  on 
the  head,  colpire  giusto,  im- 
broccare.  7.  —  upon,  in- 
contrare,  trovare,  scoprire. 

Hitch ;  i.  ostacolo,  intoppo. 
2.  nodo.  3.  attaccare. 

Hither ;  qua,  qui. 

Hitherto  ;  finora,  tin  qui. 

Hitter ;  percotitore.  He  is  a 
hard  — ,  colpisce  fortemente. 

Hive  ;  arnia,  alveare,  bugno. 

Ho  !  ola  !  ahi ! 

Hoar  frost ;  brina. 

Hoard;  i.  gruzzolo.  2.  fare  il 
gruzzolo ;  -  -  up,  metier  a 
parte,  riserbare. 

Hoarding ;  impalancato,  assito. 

Hoarse ;  rauco,  fioco. 

Hoarseness ;  raucedine,  fio- 
chezza. 

Hoary;  bianco,  canuto.  Grow 
— ,  incanutire. 

Hoax;  i.  canzonatura,  carota, 
burla.  2.  canzonare,  piantar 
carote,  burlarsi  di,  corbel- 
lare. 

Hoaxer;  corbellatore. 

Hob ;  piastra  (di  ferro  accanto 
al  focolare). 

Hobble ;  i .  pastoia.  2.  zoppi- 
care.  3.  impastoiare,  legare 
insieme  (i  piedi  d'  un  cavallo 
in  modo  die  zoppica),intral- 
ciare.  4.  —  along,  arran- 
care. 

Hobby;  i .  Iato debole, passione, 
mania,  pazzia;  He  makes  it 
his  — ,  e  la  sua  mania,  i. 
falchetto,  barletta,  lodolaio. 

Hobgoblin ;  demonietto,  follet- 
to. 

Hobnail ;  bulletta,  chiodo  gros- 
so (da  stivale). 

Hobnailed ;  fornito  di  bullette. 

Hobnob ;  trincare. 

Hock;  i.  garetto.  2.  vino  del 
Reno. 

Hockey  ;  specie  di  giuoco  simile 
al  calcio,  ma  in  cui  la  palla 
si  colpisce  con  un  bastone. 

Hockey-stick;  bastone  incur- 
vato  con  manico  dritto. 

Hocus;  i.  adulterare.  2. 
ubriacare  con  vino  o  altro 
medicato  o  fatturato. 

Hocus-pocus ;  gherminelle. 

Hod ;  specie  di  trogolo  per  por- 
tare  sulla  spalla  la  calcina, 
tgiornello. 

Hodge  ;  nome  proprio  che  vuol 
dire  contadino. 

Hodge-podge;  i.  carne  in 
umido  con  cavoli,  orzo,  ecc. 
2.  guazzabuglio. 

Hoe  ;  i.  zappa,  zappetta,  marra. 
2.  zappare. 

Hog ;  maiale,  porco. 

Hogged  (road);  a  schiena  d' asi- 
no. 

Hogget ;  pecora  d'  un  anno. 


Hoggish ;  da  porco. 
Hog-pen ;  porcile. 
Hogshead;  botte  di  238  litri. 
Hogwash  ;    risciacquatura  che 

si  da  ai  porci. 
Hogweed;  panace. 
Hoist;      i.     verricello,     ghia, 

montasacchi.      2.  issare,  in- 

alberare. 

Hoity-toity;  oibo  ! 
Hold;    i.   presa.     2.   stiva.     3. 

tenere.       4.    contenere.      5. 

possedere.     6.  celebrare.    7. 

continuare,  durare.     8.  cre- 
dere, pensare.     9.  attaccarsi. 

10.  fermarsi. 
Hold  back;   i.  ritenere,  tenere 

perse.     2.  starsene  indietro. 
Hold  fast ;  tener  duro. 
Hold  forth ;  perorare. 
Hold  good;  star  valido. 
Hold  off;  tener  lontano. 
Hold  on;    i.   perseverare.     t. 

non  lasciare. 
Holdout;   i.   resistere,  mante- 

nersi.      2.    dare   (speranze), 

offerire. 
Hold  up;    i.   alzare.      2.  pre- 

sentare,    esporre.       3.    non 

piovere,    restar    chiaro.      4. 

appoggiare,  incoraggiare.    5. 

sopportare.     6.   fermare  per 

rubare. 
Hold  with;    esser  del  partito 

di,  esser  d'  accordo  con. 
Holder;  i.  possessore.     2.  im- 

pugnatura,  presa. 
Holdfast ;  rampone,  uncino. 
Holding;  tenuta. 
Hole;   i.  buco.     2.  far  blocco. 
Hole  and  corner ;  segreto,  di 

soppiatto. 
Holiday;    i.  festa,  giorno  fes- 

tivo.     2.   vacanza,  giorno  di 

vacanza.     3.  festivo. 
Holiness;  santita. 
Holland  ;  tela  d'  Olanda. 
Hollands ;  ginepro  olandese. 
Holloa;  <>.  Halloo. 
Hollow;    i.   cavo,   vuoto.      2. 

cupo.      3.    infossato,   caver- 

noso.     4.  perfido.     5.  scavo, 

cavita,  depressione. 
Hollow-cheeked;  dalle  guan- 

cie  info-sate. 
Hollow-eyed  ;  dagli  occhi  in- 

fossati. 

Holly ;  agrifoglio. 
Hollyhock;  alcea,  malvarosa. 
Holm-oak;  leccio. 
Holocaust ;  olocausto. 
Holster ;  fonda. 
Holy;  santo. 
Homage ;  omaggio. 
Home;    i.  dimora,  casa,  tetto 

paterno  ;  At  — ,  in  casa.     2. 

casalingo,   nostrale.      3.    — 

Secretary,  Ministro  dell'  in- 

terno.     4.  Press  — ,  incalzar 

forte.     —  thrust,  stoccata  al 

cuore,  colpo  nel  vivo. 
Homebred;  indigeno. 
Homebrewed ;      fabbricato    a 

casa. 

Homefelt;  intimo. 
Homekeeping ;  casalingo. 
Homeless ;  senza  casa. 
Homely;     i.     casereccio.      2. 

grossolano. 
Home-made;  di  casa. 


HOMERIC— HUSTINGS 


lix 


Homeric ;  omerico. 
Homesick ;  nostalgico. 
Homespun ;  casalingo. 
Homestead  ;  casa  coloniale. 
Homicidal ;  omicida. 
Homicide;  i.  omicid-io.    2. -a. 
Homily;  omelia. 
Hominy ;    semolino    di    gran- 

turco. 

Homoeopath  ;  omeopatico. 
Homogeneous;  omogeneo. 
Homonymous;  omonimo. 
Hone ;  cote. 
Honest ;   probo,  onesto,  leale, 

giusto,  sincero,  franco. 
Honesty;    i.    probita   ecc.,  v. 

Honest.     2.  lunaria. 
Honey;    i.    miele.     i.    carino, 

coricino. 

Honey-bee ;  ape  operaia. 
Honey-buzzard ;     falco     pec- 

chiaiolo. 

Honey-comb ;  favo. 
Honey-dew ;  melata. 
Honey-moon  ;  luna  di  miele. 
Honeysuckle;    i.    caprifoglio, 

madreselva,    abbracciahosco. 

1.  French  — ,  edisarn. 
Honeyed ;  dolce,  indolcito. 
Honorarium ;  onorario. 
Honorary;  onorario. 
Honour;  i.  onore.     2.  onorare. 
Hood ;  cappuccio. 

Hoodie  crow;  cornacchia  bigia. 

Hoodwink;  bendar  gli  occhi  a, 
ingannare,  accecare. 

Hoof;  unghia,  zoccolo. 

Hook;  i.  uncino,  gancio,  ram- 
pino,  amo ;  By  —  or  by  crook, 
di  ruffa  o  di  raffa.  2.  ron- 
cola,  pennato.  3.  ganghero, 
uncinetto.  4.  appiccare,  ag- 
graftare.  5.  prendere  al 
1'  amo. 

Hooked ;  adunco,  ricurvo. 

Hook-nosed  ;  con  naso  aqui- 
lino. 

Hoop;     i.     cerchio,    reggelta. 

2.  guardinfante.      3.    accer- 
chiare. 

Hooping-cough ;  tosse  canina. 
Hoopoe;  upupa,  bubbola. 
Hoot;   i.  ululare.     2.  fischiare, 

schiamazzare,  dar  la  baia. 
Hooting;  baiata,  fischiata. 
Hop;    it  saltello.     2.  luppolo. 

3.  saltellare. 

Hop-bine  ;  stelo  cli  luppolo. 
Hope;     r.    speranza.      2.    spe- 

rare,    amar  credere,  piacersi 

credere. 

Hopeful ;  pieno  di  speranza. 
Hopefulness ;  buona  speranza. 
Hopeless ;   senza  speranza,  di- 

sperato. 

Hopelessly;  oltre  rimedio. 
Hop-garden  ;   terreno  piantato 

con  hippoli. 
Hopper ;  tramoggia.    —  barge, 

barca  tramoggia. 
Hop-picking;  raccoltadei  lup- 

poli. 

Hop-pole;  palo  da  lupjxili. 
Hopscotch ;  muriella,  campana 

(giuoco  fanciullesco). 
Horde;  orda. 
Horehound;  marrobbio. 
Horizon ;  orizzonte. 
Horn ;  corno. 
Hornbeam ;  carpino. 


Hornbook;  abbiccl. 
Horned;  cornuto. 
Horned  owl ;  gufo. 
Hornet ;  calabrone. 
Hornpipe ;  danza  marinaresca. 
Horny ;  di  corno,  calloso. 
Horoscope ;  oroscopio. 
Horrible ;  orribile. 
Horrid;    orrido,   brutto.      The 

—  man,   1'  omaccio. 
Horrify;  spaventare. 
Horror;  orrore. 
Hors-d'ceuvres;  principii,  an- 

tipasti. 
Horse;    i.    cavallo.      2.   caval- 

letto. 

Horseback;  On  — ,  a  cavallo. 
Horse-block ;  montatoio. 
Horse-boy;  mozzo  di  stalla. 
Horse-breaker ;  scozzone. 
Horse-breeder;    allevatore  di 

cavalli. 
Horse-chestnut;    i.    ippocas- 

tano.     2.   castagna  d'  India. 
Horse-cloth ;  gualdrappa. 
Horse-fly;  tafano. 
Horsehair ;  crine  di  cavallo. 
Horse-keeper;  noleggiatore  di 

cavalli. 

Horse  laugh ;  risataccia. 
Horseman;  cavalcatore. 
Horsemanship ;  maneggio. 
Horse-play;  scherno  rozzo. 
Horse-pond;  stagno. 
Horse-power;  cavallo-vapore. 
Horse-race;  corsa  di  cavalli. 
Horse-radish  ;  barba  forte,  ra- 

fano. 

Horse-shoe;  ferro  da  cavallo. 
Horse-trappings  ;  finimenti. 
Horse-whip ;  frusta,  sferza. 
.Horse-woman;  amazzone. 
Horsy ;  amatore  di  cavalli. 
Horticulture ;  orticoltura.. 
Hose;  i .  calza, calzetta.   2.  tubo 

di  cuoio  per  le  pompe. 
Hose-union;  bocchettone. 
Hosier;  calzettaio. 
Hospitable ;  ospitale. 
Hospital;  ospedale. 
Host;   i.  ospite,  oste.     2.  eser- 

cito,  folia.     3.  ostia. 
Hostage ;  ostaggio. 
Hostel ;  ostello. 
Hostess;  ostessa. 
Hostile ;  ostile. 
Hot ;  caldo,  scottante,  ardente, 

focoso. 

Hotbed ;  letto  di  concime. 
Hotch-potch ;  v.  Hodge-podge. 
Hotel ;  albergo. 
Hotheaded;  ardente,  violento. 
Hothouse ;  serra  calda. 
Hot-press;  cilindrare. 
Hot-spirited ;  collerico,  vivo. 
Hotspur ;  testa  calda. 
Hot-tempered ;  impetuoso. 
Hound ;     i.    bracco,    segugio. 

2.   —  on,  eccitare. 
Hour ;  ora. 

Hour-glass;  oriuoloa  polvere. 
Hour-hand ;  lancetta  delle  ore. 
Hourly;  di  ora  in  ora. 
House;    i.    casa,  dimora,  abi- 

tazione.       2.     famiglia.      3. 

camera.       4.     Country    — , 

villa.      j.    Open    — ,    corte 

bandita.     6.   alloggiare,  rac- 

cogliere,  stallare  (bestiame). 
House-agent ;  agente  di  case. 


House-breaker;  chi  ruba  con 

eftrazione. 
Household;    i.   famiglia,  casa, 

casata.     2.    domestico. 
Housekeeper ;  massaia,  econo- 

ma,  guardaroba. 
Houseleek ;     semprevivo    dei 

tetti. 

Houseless ;  senza  casa. 
Housemaid ;  serva. 
House-physician;  medico  as- 

sistente  d'  un  ospedale. 
House-room;  alloggiamento. 
House-sparrow;  passera  oltre- 

montana. 
House-surgeon ;   chirurgo  di 

servizio  d'  un  ospedale,  assis- 

tente. 

House-top;  tetto. 
Housewife;  i.  donna  da  casa, 

massaia.      2.    cassettina   pei 

lavori  femminili. 
Housework ;  faccende  di  casa. 
Housing;  alloggio. 
Hovel;  stamberga,  casupola. 
Hover;  svolazzare,  aleggiare. 
How;  come,  in  che  modo. 

far,  quanto  lontano.    — many 

times,  quante  volte.     —  do 

you  do?   come  state? 
However;    tuttavia,    per6,  ep- 

pure,    del   resto,   nullameno, 

per  altro,  comunque. 
Howitzer ;  obice. 
Howl ;  urlare. 
Hoy;  chiatta. 
Hoyden ;     chiassona,     ragazza 

grossolana. 
Hub ;  mozzo. 
Hubbub ;  baccano,  chiasso, 

strepito. 
Huckaback ;      sorta     di     tela 

grossolana. 

Huckster;  rigattiere. 
Huddle  on;  mettersi  alia  me- 

glio. 
Huddle    together;    affollarsi, 

accalcarsi. 
Hue;  i.  colore,  tinta.  2.  - 

and  cry;  gridio,  inseguimento 

clamoroso. 
Huff;  i.  stizza,  malumore. 

2.  buffare. 
Hug ;  serrare,  abbracciare,  strin- 

gere  al  petto. 
Huge ;  smisurato. 
Hugger-mugger ;  disordinato. 
Huguenot ;  ugonotto. 
Hulk;  pontone. 
Hulking  fellow;   gran  fannul- 

lone. 

Hulks;  bagno. 
Hull ;  scafo. 

Hullabaloo ;  schiamazzio. 
Hullo !  ola  ! 
Hum;     j.     romhare,    ronzare. 

2.    —  and  haw,  titubare. 
Humane ;  umano. 
Humble;  umile. 
Humble-bee;  calabrone. 
Humbug;   i.  frottola.     ?.  ciar- 

latano.     3.  corbel  lare. 
Humdrum ;    monotone,    ordi- 

nario,  pesante. 
Humerus;  omero. 
Humidity;  umidita. 
Humiliate;  umiliare. 
Humming-bird;  colibri. 
Hummock;    collinetta,  monti- 
cello. 


Humour;  i.  umore.  2.  umo- 
rismo.  3.  In  the  —  for,  in 
vena  di.  4.  lasciar  fare  a, 
compiacere. 

Hump ;  gobba,  protuberanza. 

Humpbacked  ;  gobbo. 

Humus;  umo. 

Hunch;   i.   pezzo.     2.  gobba. 

Hunchbacked;  v.  Hump- 
backed. 

Hundred;    cento.     It  is  a   - 
to  one  that  it  will  rain  to- 
morrow,    novantanove     per 
cento  domain  piove. 

Hundred-fold;  centuplo. 

Hundredth ;  centesimo. 

Hundredweight;  mezzo  quin- 
tale,  quasi  51  chilogrammi. 

Hungarian ;  \Jngherese. 

Hunger;  i.  fame.    2.  bramare. 

Hungry;  affamato. 

Hunk;  pezzo. 

Hunks;  spilorcio. 

Hunt ;  cacciare,  inseguire.  — 
after,  andare  in  traccia  di. 
-  for,  cercare.  —  down, 
perseguitare.  -  out,  sco- 
prire  (frugolando).  —  up, 
andare  in  cerca  di. 

Hunter;  i.  cacciatore.  2.  ca- 
vallo di  caccia. 

Hunting-box;  casa  con  stalla 
per  cavalli  da  caccia. 

Hunting-crop ;  frustino  da 
caccia. 

Hunting-field;  terreno  da 
caccia. 

Hunting-watch ;  oriuolo  da 
tasca  con  doppia  cassa,  sa- 
vonetta,  cilindro  a  savo- 
netta. 

Huntsman;  i.  cacciatore. 
2.  capocaccia. 

Hurdle;  graticcio,  canniccio. 

Hurdle-race ;  corsa  dove  si 
saltano  dei  graticci. 

Hurdy-gurdy;  ghironda. 

Hurl ;  scagliare,  scaraventare. 

Hurly-burly;  tafferuglio,  casal- 
diavolo,  baccano. 

Hurrah  ;  evviva. 

Hurricane ;  uragano. 

Hurried;  frettoloso,  precipito- 
so. 

Hurry;  i.  fretta.  2.  affrettare, 
sollecitare,  precipitare. 

Hurry-skurry ;  scompiglio. 

Hurt;  i.  offeso,  ferito,  malcon- 
cio.  2.  male,  ferita.  3.  dan- 
no,  pregiudizio.  4.  far  male 
a.  5.  danneggiare,  miocere. 

Hurtful ;  dannoso,  nocivo. 

Hurtle ;  (d'  una  freccia  o  al- 
tra  arme  da  lancio)  risonare 
nell'  aria. 

Husband;  i.  marito.  2.  ri- 
sparmiare. 

Hush;  i.  silenzio,  calma. 
i.  zitto  !  3.  —  up,  soppri- 
mere  ogni  inchiesta,  far  pas- 
sare  sotto  silenzio,  assopire. 

Hush-money ;  prezzo  del  si- 
lenzio. 

Husk;  i.  guscio,  riccio.  ». 
sgusciare. 

Husky;  rauco. 

Hussar;  ussaro. 

Hussy;  briccona. 

Hustings  ;  piattaforma  (nelle 
riunioni  elettorali). 

H2 


Ix 


HUSTLE— INADMISSIBLE 


Hustle ;  urtacchiare,  dare  spin- 
toni  a,  spingere  qua  e  la. 

Hut ;  capanna,  casupola,  ba- 
racca. 

Hutch ;  conigliera. 

Hyacinth ;  giacinto. 

Hyaena;  iena. 

Hybrid;  ibrido. 


Hydra;  idra. 
Hydrangea ;  idrangea. 
Hydrant ;     idrante,     ramo 

tubo. 

Hydraulic;  idraulico. 
Hydropathy ;  klropatia. 
Hydrophobia ;  idrofobia. 
Hygiene;  igiene. 


Hymeneal;  imeneo. 
Hymn ;  inno. 
di       Hyperbola ;  iperbole. 
Hyperbole;  iperbole. 
Hyperborean ;  iperboreo. 
Hypercritical ;  ipercritico. 
Hypertrophy ;  ipertrofia. 
Hyphen ;  lineetta,  legatura. 


Hypnotise ;  ipnotizzare. 
Hypochondria ;  ipocondiia. 
Hypocrite ;  ipocrita. 
Hypodermic ;  ipodermico. 
Hypothenuse;  ipotenusa. 
Hypothesis;  ipotesi. 
Hyssop ;  issopo. 
Hysteria ;  isteria. 


I 


I;  io. 

Iambic ;  giambico. 
Ibex ;  stainbecco. 
Ibis;  ibi,  mignattaio. 
Ice;    i.   ghiaccio.     i.  sorbetto, 
gelato.    3.  agghiacciare,  con- 
gelare,  mettere  in   ghiaccio. 
4.  coprire  con  zucchero  lique- 
fatto. 

Ice-axe ;  piccozza. 
Iceberg ;  montagna  di  ghiaccio, 

banchiglia. 

Icebound;  chiuso  dai  ghiacci. 
Icebreaker;  rompighiaccio. 
Ice-cream ;  sorbetto  alia  panna. 
Ice-floe;  campo  di  ghiaccio. 
Ice-house;  ghiacciaia. 
Iceland ;    Islanda.      —    moss, 

licliene  d'  Islanda. 
Ice-pack;  v.  Pack-ice. 
Ice-pail ;  sorbettiera. 
Ice-plant ;  ficoide  cristallina. 
Ice-pudding;  pezzo  gelato. 
Ichneumon ;  icneumone. 
Ichor;  icore,  pus. 
Ichthyology;  ittiologia. 
Icicle ;  ghiacciolo. 
Icing;  pasta  frolla. 
Idea ;  id. 

Identical ;  identico. 
Identify;  id.,  riconoscere. 
Idiocy;  ebetismo,  cretinismo. 
Idiot ;    naturale,   idiota,    imbe- 

cille,  scemo. 

Idle;       i.      pigro,      indolente. 
1.     scioperato,     disoccupato. 
3.     inutile.      4.     consumare 
(tempo)  oziosamente. 
Idler;    pigro,  ozioso,   poltrone, 
neghittoso,     trascurato,     in- 
fingardo. 
Idol;  id. 
Idyl ;  idillio. 
If;  se. 

Ignis  fatuus;  foco  fatuo. 
Ignite  ;  accendere,  infiammare. 
Ignition ;  accensione. 
Ignoble,  Ignominy;  id. 
Ignoramus ;  ignorantone. 
Ignorant ;  id. 

Ignore;    i.    passare    sotto   si- 
lenzio,  far  lo  gnorri,  far  vista 
di   non  conoscere,   sprezzare 
il    valore    di,   sconoscere    la 
forza   di,   metier   da   banda, 
metier   in    disparte.      2.    ri- 
getlare    (un'  accusa   per   in- 
fondata). 
Iguana  ;  id. 
Ilex ;  leccio. 
Iliac ;  id. 
Ill;  i.  malalo.     2.  male.     3.  — 

filled  for,  poco  alto  a. 
Ill-bred ;  malcreato. 
Illegal;  id. 
Illegible ;  illeggibile. 


Illegitimate ;  illegittimo. 
Ill-fated ;  sfortunato,  malaugu- 

ralo. 

Ill-favoured ;  brutto,  sgraziato. 
Ill-got ;  mal  acquistato. 
Ill-grounded;  mal  fondato. 
Ill-humour;  cattivo  umore. 
Illiberal;  id. 
Illicit;  illecito. 
Illimitable;  id. 
Illiterate ;  illetterato. 
Ill-judged;  mal  avvisato. 
Ill-mannered ;  malcreato. 
Ill-meaning;  malintenzionato. 
Ill-nature;  malignila. 
Ill-natured ;  cattivo,  malizioso. 
Illness ;  malatlia,  male. 
Illogical;  illogico. 
Ill-omened;  di  caltivo augurio. 
Ill-shaped ;  mal  fatto. 
Ill-spent ;  sciupato. 
Ill-starred ;     nato    sotto    una 

catliva  Stella. 
Ill-suited ;  disdicevole. 
Ill-timed ;  intempestivo. 

Illuminate,  Illumination;  id. 

Illumine;  i.  rischiarare.     2.  il- 
luslrare. 

Illusive,  Illusory;  id. 

Illustrate ;  dilucidare,  spiegare, 
illustrare. 

Illustrious ;  illustre. 

Ill-will;  malanimo. 

Image;   i.  immagine.     2.  figu- 
rare,  rappresentare. 

Imagery;      immagini,      tigure 
poetiche. 

Imagine ;  immaginare. 

Imaum;  imano. 

Imbecile ;  imbecille. 

Imbibe ;  assorbire,  imbevere. 

Imbricated;  imbricato. 

Imbroglio ;  id. 

Imbrue ;  intridere,  imbrattare. 

Imbue ;  instillare. 

Imbued ;      penetrato,      impre- 
gnate. 

Imitate;  id. 

Immaculate,        Immaterial, 
Immature ;   id. 

Immeasurable ;    oltre  misura, 
smisurato. 

Immediate ;  id. 

Immemorial;  immemorabile. 

Immense;  id.,  smisurato. 

Immerse ;  immergere,  tuffare. 

Immigrant;  id. 

Imminent ;  id. 

Immoderate;  smodato. 

Immodest,    Immolate,    Im- 
moral, Immortal ;    id. 

Immovable ;  immobile,  fermo. 

Immune,  Immutable;  id. 

Immure ;  rinchiudere. 

Imp;  folletlo,  demonio. 

Impact ;  urto. 


Impair ;  indebolire,  deteriorare, 
peggiorare.  To  become  — ed, 
deperire. 
Impale ;  id. 
Impalpable ;  id. 
Impanel ;  costituire. 
Impart ;    far    sapere,    coinuni- 

care. 

Impartial;  imparziale. 
Impassable ;  id. 
Impassioned;  passionate. 
Impassive;  impassibile. 
Impatient ;  impaziente. 
Impeach;  accusare,denunziare. 
Impeccable;  id. 
Impede;    id.,   rilardare,   attra- 

versare. 

Impel;  spingere. 
Impenetrable,       Impenitent, 
Imperative,     Impercepti- 
ble, Imperfect,  Imperial; 
id. 

Imperil;  arrischiare. 
Imperious;  id.,  altiero. 
Imperishable ;  imperituro. 
Impermeable,     Impersonal ; 

id. 

Impersonate;  personificare. 
Impertinent,  Imperturbable; 

id. 

Impervious;  impenetrable. 
Impetuous;  id. 
Impetus ;  impeto,  spinta. 
Impiety;  empieta. 
Impinge  against ;  urtare,  col- 

pire. 

Impious;  empio. 
Impish ;  di  follello. 
Implacable;  id. 
Implant ;  impiantare. 
Implement ;   arnese.      — s,  at- 

trezzi. 
Implicate;  id.,  avvolgere,  com- 

prometlere. 
Implicit ;  id. 
Implied;  implicilo, tacito,  com- 

preso. 

Implore;  id. 
Imply ;    implicare,    voler   dire, 

portare  con  se. 
Impolicy;  imprudenza. 
Impolite ;  sgarbato,  rozzo,  scor- 

tese. 

Impolitic ;  id.,  malaccorto. 
Imponderable;  id. 
Import;   i.  senso,  porlata.     i. 
— s,  merce  importala.    3.  im- 
porlare. 

Important,  Importation ;  id. 
Importer;  importatore. 
Importunate  ;   seccante,  noio- 

so. 
Importune ;    chiedere    impor- 

tunamenle. 

Importunity ;     richiesle    con- 
tinue. 


Impose;    i.  imporre.     2.  pre- 

scrivere,  comandare.     3.    - 

upon,  truffare. 
Imposing ;    grandiose,    impo- 

nente. 
Imposition;    i.  id.     2.   impo- 

slura.      3.   imposla,  gabella, 

balzello.    4.  lavoro  punilivo, 

punizione,  penso. 
Impossible ;  id. 
Impost;   i.  tassa.     2.  imposta. 
Impostor,  Imposture;  id. 
Impotent;  id. 
Impound  ;   staggire,  melter  al 

sicuro,    rinchiudere,     seque- 

strare. 

Impoverish;  impoverire. 
Impracticable;  impraticabile. 
Imprecate ;  id.,  invocare. 
Impregnable;  inespugnabile. 
Impregnate  ;  id. 
Impresario;  id. 
Imprescriptible;  id. 
Impress;   i.  impronta.     v.  im- 

prontare.    3.  arrolare  a  forza, 

far  leva  forzata.     4.   impres- 

sionare.     j.  inculcare. 
Impressible,  Impression ;  id. 
Impressive ;  id.,  commovente. 
Imprest ;  anticipazione. 
Imprimatur;  permesso. 
Imprimis  ;  anzitutto. 
Imprint;  i.  impronta.    2.  nome 

dell'  editore  o  della  tipografia 

sul  frontispizio. 
Imprison  ;  incarcerare. 
Improbable ;  id. 
Impromptu ;  improvvisato. 
Improper;  disdicevole,  sconcio, 

sconvenevole,  improprio. 
Impropriator;  laico  possessore 

di  benefizii  ecclesiastici. 
Impropriety;  sconvenevolezza. 
Improve;     i.    migliorare,   ab- 

bellire.     v.  profiltare  di.     3. 

rialzare. 

Improvise ;  improvvisare. 
Imprudent ;  id. 
Impudent ;  id.,  sfrontato,  sfac- 

ciato. 

Impugn ;  id. 
Impulse ;  spinla,  impulse. 
Impulsive ;  id. 
Impunity;  id. 
Impure  ;  id. 

Imputation ;  id.,  addebito. 
Impute  ;  id. 
In;  in,  dentro,  a  casa.     —  ten 

minutes,  di  11   (qui)   a  dieci 

minuti. 

Inability;  id. 
Inaccessible ;  id. 
Inaccurate ;  inesatto. 
Inaction ;  inazione. 
Inadequate;  insufficiente. 
Inadmissible;  inammissibile. 


INADVERTENT— INGOT 


Ixi 


Inadvertent;  id. 

Inalienable;  id. 

Inane;  vano. 

Inanimate ;  inanimate. 

Inanition  ;  id. 

Inapplicable;  id. 

Inapposite ;  disadatto. 

Inappreciable;  inapprezzabile. 

Inappropriate;  disadatto, poco 
giusto,  fuor  di  proposito. 

Inarticulate;  indistinto. 

Inasmuch;  dacche,  poiche. 

Inattention ;  disattenzione. 

Inaudible;  che  non  si  fa  sen- 
tire. 

Inaugural,  Inaugurate;  id. 

Inauspicious ;  malauguroso. 

Inborn ;  innato. 

Incalculable ;  id. 

Incandescent;  id. 

Incantation;  incantesimo. 

Incapable ;  incapace. 

Incapacitate ;  rendere  inca- 
pace. 

Incapacity;  id. 

Incarcerate;  incarcerare. 

Incarnate;  id. 

Incautious ;  incauto. 

Incendiarism  ;  atlo  del  1"  in- 
cendiarij. 

Incense;   i.  id.     2.  stizzire. 

Incentive ;  id. 

Inception ;  principiare,  comin- 
ciamento. 

Incertitude;  incertezza. 

Incessant;  id. 

Incest ;  id. 

Inch;  dito  (2^  centimetri). 

Inchoate ;  appena  cominciato. 

Incid-ence,  -ent,  -ental ;  id. 

Incinerate ;  id. 

Incipient ;  id. 

Incise ;  inciclere. 

In-cision,  -cisive ;  id. 

Incisor;  dente  incisivo. 

Incite ;  id. 

Incivility;  scortesia. 

Inclement;  id. 

Incline ;  id. 

Include ;  includere,  accludere, 
inserire,  implicare.contenere. 

Indus-ion,  -ive;  id. 

Incognito ;  id. 

Incoherent ;  incoerente. 

Incombustible;  it/. 

Income;  rendita,  reddito,  en- 
trata.  —  tax,  imposta  sulla 
rendita. 

Incomer;  entrante. 

Incommensurable;  id. 

Incommode  ;  incomodare. 

Incomparable,  Incompatible, 
Incompetent,  Incomplete ; 
id. 

Incomprehensible  ;  incom- 
prensibile. 

Incompressible ;  id. 

Inconceivable ;  inconcepibile. 

Inconclusive ;  inconcludente. 

Incongruous ;  incongruo. 

Inconsequent ;  incoerente. 

Inconsiderable;  id. 

Inconsistent,  Inconsolable, 
Incontinent ;  id. 

Incontinently ;  incontanente. 

Incontrovertible ;  id. 

Incorporate;  id. 

Incorporeal;  incorporeo. 

Incorrect ;  scorretto,  inesatto. 

Incorrigible  ;  incnrruggihile. 


Incorruptible;  incorruttibile. 
Increase;  i.  aumento,  crescita. 

2.  aumentare,  accrescere,  ag- 

grandire,  ingrossare. 
Incred-ible,    -ulity,    -ulous ; 

id. 

Increment ;  id.,  accrescimento. 
Incrust;  incrostare. 
Incubate ;  covare. 
Incubation ;  id. 
Incubus;  id. 
Inculcate ;  id. 
Inculpate;  incolpare. 
Incumbent;  i.  benefiziario.    2. 

incombente. 

Incumbrance;  ingombro. 
Incur ;    incorrere    in,    attirarsi 

addosso,  esporsi  a. 
Incurable ;  id.,  inguaribile. 
Incursion;  id.,  scorreria. 
Incus ;  martello. 
Indebted ;    obbligato,    indebi- 

tato. 
Indecent ;  iJ.,  sconcio,  sconve- 

nevole. 

Indecipherable ;  indecifrabile. 
Inde-cision,  -cisive ;  id. 
Indeclinable ;  id. 
Indecomposable ;      indecom- 

ponibile. 

Indecorous ;  id. 
Indeed;  difatti,  in  verita,  a  dire 

il  vero,  veramente,  davvero, 

in  fatto,  infatti,  gia. 
Indefatigable;  infaticabile. 
Indefeasible  ;    imprescrittibile, 

inattaccabile. 

Indefensible ;  indifendibile. 
Indefinable ;  indefinibile. 
Indefinite;  id. 
Indelible ;  id. 
•  Indelicate ;  id.,  rozzo. 
Indemnify ;    indennizzare,    ri- 

sarcire,  rifondere. 
Indent;  addentellare, far tacche 

in,  intaccare. 

Indenture ;  atto,  contralto. 
Independent ;  indipendente. 
Indescribable ;  indescrivibile. 
Indestructible ;  indistruttibile. 
Indeterminate ;  id. 
Index;  i.  indice.    2.  esponente. 

3.  lancetta.     4.  ago. 
Indiaman  ;  nave  che  fa  il  com- 

mercio  con  le  Indie. 
Indian  corn ;  granturco. 
Indian  file  ;  ad  uno  ad  uno. 
Indian  hemp;  canapina. 
Indian    ink ;    inchiostro    della 

Cina. 

India-rubber;  gommaelastica. 
Indicate;  id.,  accennare. 
Indict ;  accusare,  metier  in  ac- 

cusa. 

Indictable ;  processabile. 
Indictment ;  accusa. 
Indifferent;  id. 
Indigent ;  id. 
Indigestion ;  id. 
Indignant  ;     indignato,    sdeg- 

nalo. 

Indignity;  indegnita. 
Indigo ;  indaco,  anile. 
Indirect;  indiretto. 
Indiscreet;  id, 
Indiscriminate ;    cieco,    senza 

distinzione. 
Indispensable;  id. 
Indisposed;    i.    id.,    avverso. 

i.  malaticcio,  malazzato. 


Indisputable ;  id. 

Indissoluble ;  id. 

Indistinct;  id.,  confuso. 

Indistinguishable ;  indistin- 
guibile. 

Individual;  i.  individuo.  2. 
individuale. 

Indivisible ;  id. 

Indoctrinate;  addottrinare. 

Indolent ;  id.,  pigro. 

Indomitable ;  indomabile. 

Indoor ;  al  coperto. 

Indoors ;  dentro  alia  casa,  sollo 
copertura. 

Indubitable ;  id. 

Induce ;  indurre,  portare  (a 
credere). 

Inducement ;  motivo,  stimolo, 
esca. 

Induct ;  insediare,  immettere. 

Inductive ;  induttivo. 

Indulge  ;  favorire,  essere  indul- 
genle  verso,  trattare  con  in- 
dulgenza,  compiacere,  acca- 
rezzare  (un'  idea).  —  in, 
abbandonarsi  a.  —  oneself, 
amare  i  propri  comodi. 

Indulgence ;  id.,  compatimen- 
to. 

Indulgent;  id.,  compiacenle, 
condiscendenle,  facile,  mite, 
buono,  benigno,  liberale,  de- 
bole. 

Indurated;  indurito. 

Industrial ;  id. 

Industrious ;  id.,  diligente, 
operoso,  assiduo. 

Industry;  id.,  diligenza,  assi- 
duita,  ardore. 

Indwelling;  immanente. 

Inebriate;  i.  briacone.  2. 
inebriare. 

Ineffable;  id. 

Ineffaceable;  incancellabile. 

Ineffective;  inefficace. 

Inefficacy;  inefficacia. 

Inefficiency ;  incapacita,  in- 
sufficenza. 

Inelastic ;  non  elastico. 

Inelegant ;  id. 

Ineligible;  i.  disdicevole,  svan- 
laggioso.  2.  ineleggibile. 

Inept ;  inetto. 

Inequality ;  ineguaglianza. 

Inequitable ;  ingiusto,  poco 
equo. 

Ineradicable ;  inestirpabiie. 

Inert ;  inerte. 

Inestimable ;  id. 

Inevitable;  id. 

Inexact;  inesatto. 

Inexcusable ;  inescusabile. 

Inexorable ;  inesorabile. 

Inexpedient ;  inopportuno, 
svantaggioso,  poco  a  propo- 
sito. 

Inexpensive ;  poco  costoso. 

Inexperience ;  inesperienza. 

Inexperienced ;  inesperto,  non 
sperimentato. 

Inexpiable ;  inespiabile. 

Inexplicable ;  inesplicabile. 

Inexplosive ;  inesplodibile. 

Inexpressible ;  indicibile. 

Inexpressive ;  poco  espressivo. 

Inexpugnable  ;  inespugnabile. 

Inextinguishable ;  inestingui- 
bile. 

Inextricable  ;  inestricabile. 

Infallible;  „/. 


Infamous;  infame. 

Infancy;  infanzia. 

Infant;    i.  bambino.     2.   bam- 

binesco,       minorenne ; 

school,  scuola  infantile,  giar- 

dino  d'  infanzia. 
Infant-icide,  -ile ;  id. 
Infantry;  fanteria.     Light  — , 

fanteria  leggera. 
Infatuated  ;  impazzito. 
Infect ;  infettare,  ammorbare. 
Infection ;      infezione,     conta- 

gione. 
Infectious ;  infetlo,  contagioso, 

atlaccaticcio. 

Infelicitous;  infelice,  inetto. 
Infer ;    inferire,  dedurre,  desu- 

mere. 

Inferior;   id. 
Infernal;  id. 

Infest ;  infestare,  molestare. 
Infidel;  infedele. 
Infidelity;  infedelta. 
Infiltrate ;  infiltrarsi. 
Infinit-e,  -esimal ;  id. 
Infin-itive,  -ity;  id. 
Infirm ;  infermo. 
Infirmary ;  infermeria. 
Infirmity;  id. 
Infix;  infiggere. 
Inflame ;  infiammare. 
Inflammable ;  infiammabile. 
Inflate;  enfiare,  gonfiare. 
Inflect ;  inflettere. 
Inflexible ;  inflessibile. 
Inflict;  infliggere. 
Inflorescence ;  infiorescenza. 
Influence;    i.   id.     i.    influire 

(su). 

Influential ;  influente. 
Influenza;  id.,  grippe. 
Influx  ;  afflucnza. 
Inform;   i.  far  sapere,  istruire, 

informare,   ragguagliare.     2. 

—  against,  denunziare. 
Informal;    i.  senza  cerimonia. 

2.  irregolare. 

Informality ;  irregolarita. 
Informant;  che  informa. 
Information ;  id.,  avviso,  no- 

tizia,  istruzione. 
Informed  ;  istruito.     Well  — , 

colto,  erudito. 
Informer;  delatore. 
Infraction ;  id.,  trasgressione. 
Infrequent;  id. 
Infringe ;     i .    trasgredire,    in- 

frangere.     2.  contraffare  (un 

brevetto). 
Infringement;     i.    infrazione. 

2.  contraffazione. 
Infuriate ;   render   furioso,  in- 

furiare. 
Infuse;    i.  infondere.     2.  ispi- 

rare,  comunicare. 
Infusible;  id. 
Infusion ;  id. 
Infusoria;  infusori. 
Ingathering;  raccolta. 
Ingenious ;    ingegnoso,  inven- 

tivo,  abile,  spiritoso. 
Ingenuity;  ingegnosita,  inven- 

tiva. 

Ingenuous;  ingenuo. 
Ingenuousness;  ingenuita. 
Ingle ;  focolare. 
Inglorious;  id. 
Ingoing ;  entrata. 
Ingot ;    verga  di  metallo,  cion- 

cone  (di  ferro). 


Ixii 


INGRAINED— INTRACTABLE 


Ingrained ;  inveterate. 

Ingratiate ;  ingraziare. 

Ingratitude ;  ingratitudine. 

Ingredient;  id. 

Ingress;  entrata. 

Inguinal;  iJ. 

Inhabit ;  abitare. 

Inhale ;  inspirare. 

Inharmonious ;  disarmonico. 

Inherent;  inerente. 

Inherit ;  ereditare. 

Inheritance;  eredita,  retaggio. 

Inhibit ;  interdire,  inibire. 

Inhospitable ;  inospitale. 

Inhuman ;  inumano. 

Inimical;  inimichevole,  nemico. 

Inimitable;  id. 

Iniquitous ;  iniquo,  malvagio. 

Initial;  i.  iniziale.  2.  primo. 
3.  mettere  le  iniziali. 

Initiate ;  iniziare. 

Initiative;  iniziativa. 

Initiatory;  iniziatorio. 

Inject;  iniettare. 

Injection;  iniezione,  lavativo. 

Injection  apparatus ;  cliso- 
pompa. 

Injudicious;  poco  giudizioso. 

Injunction;  i.  ingiunzione. 
2.  proibizione  interlocutoria. 

Injure ;  nuocere  a,  danneggiare, 
far  torto  a. 

Injurious ;  nocivo,  pregiudizie- 
vole. 

Injury;  male,  torto,  danno. 

Injustice ;  ingiustizia. 

Ink ;  inchiostro. 

Inkling ;  sentore,  sospetto. 

Inkstand ;  calamaio. 

Inky;  nero  come  1"  inchiostro, 
macchiato  d'  inchiostro. 

Inland ;  interno. 

Inlay;  intarsiare. 

Inlet;  i.  entrata.  2.  baia,  in- 
senatura,  braccio  di  mare. 

Inly;  interiormente. 

Inmate ;  abitatore,  convitato, 
inquilino,  dozzinante. 

Inmost ;  piu  interno,  piu  pro- 
fondo,  il  fondo  di. 

Inn  ;  albergo,  osteria.  — s  of 
court,  collegi  degli  avvo- 
cati. 

Innate ;  id. 

Inner;  interiore.  —  court, 
retro  corte.  —  room,  retro- 
stanza. 

Innermost;  v.  Inmost. 

Innings;  volta.  The  Conserva- 
tives seem  likely  to  have  a 
long  — ,  pare  che  i  Conserva- 
tori  stiano  un  pezzo  al  potere. 

Innocent ;  id. 

Innocuous;  innocuo. 

Innovation ;  id. 

Innuendo;  insinuazione. 

Innumerable;  id. 

Innutritions;  poco  nutriente. 

Inobservance ;  inosservanza. 

Inoculate ;  id. 

Inodorous;  inodoro. 

Inoffensive;  id. 

Inoperative ;  inefficace,  senza 
effetto. 

Inopportune ;  id. 

Inorganic;  id. 

Inquest ;  inchiesta. 

Inquire ;  chiedere. 

Inquirer;  chieditore,  persona 
che  s'  informa,  ricercatore. 


Inquiring ;  curioso,  scrutatore. 
Inquiry;    domanda,    richiesta, 

inchiesta,  indagine,  esame. 
Inquisition;  id. 
Inquisitive;  curioso,  indiscrete. 
Inquisitor,  Inquisitorial ;  i,/. 
Insalubrious ;  insalubre. 
Insane ;  id.,  pazzo,  insensate. 
Insatiable;  id. 
Inscribe ;  inscrivere.  — d  bond, 

titolo  nominativo. 
Inscription;   iscrizione,  sopra- 

scritta. 

Inscrutable ;  id. 
Insect;  insetto. 
Insecure ;  non  sicuro,  incerto. 
Insecurity;  pericolo, incertezza. 
Insensate;  id. 
Insensible;  id. 
Inseparable;  id. 
Insertion;  inserzione. 
Inset  map ;  cartina  aggiunta. 
Inside;  i.dentro.    v.  interiore, 

interno.     3.  il  di  dentro. 
Insidious;  id. 
Insight ;     conoscenza     intima, 

ragguaglio,  schiarimento. 
Insignia;  insegne. 
Insignificance;  poco  valore. 
Insignificant;  id. 
Insincere ;    finto,    falso,    poco 

sincere. 
Insinuate;  id.,  dare  ad  inten- 

dere. 

Insipid;  id. ,  scipito. 
Insist ;  id. 

Insobriety;  intemperanza. 
Insolent;  id. 
Insoluble ;  id. 
Insolvent;  id.,  fallito. 
Insomnia ;  insonnia. 
Inspan;  attaccare. 
Inspect;  visitare,  ispezionare. 
Inspector ;      ispettore,     sorve- 

gliante,  sotto-capo,   sindaco. 
Inspectorship;  ispettorato. 
Inspire;   i.  ispirare,  infondere. 

2.  inspirare,  inalare. 
Inspissated ;  addensato. 
Instability;  id. 
Install;  insediare. 
Installation;    i.  instaurazione. 

2.  impianto. 
Instalment ;     acconto,     versa- 

mento,  rata. 
Instance;   i.  esempio.     2.  oc- 

casione,  caso.     3.    istanza. 
Instant;    i.    istante.      2.    cor- 

rente  (mese). 

Instantaneous;  istantaneo. 
Instantly ;  subito,  all'  istante. 
Instead  ;  invece,  in  luogo  (di), 

al  posto  (di). 

Instep  ;  collo  del  piede,  fiocca. 
Instigate;  istigare. 
Instil ;  id. 

Instinct;     i.    istinto.      2.    ani- 
mate. 
Institute;   i.  istituto.     2.  sta- 

bilire,  istituire.    3.  intentare. 
Institution;   i.  istituto.     2.  in- 

vestitura.     3.  istituzione. 
Instruct ;  istruire. 
Instruction ;  istruzione. 
Instructional ;  istruttorio. 
Instructive ;  istruttivo. 
Instrument;   i.  strumento,  ar- 

nese,  ordigne.     2.  atto. 
Instrumental;   r.  strumentale. 

2.  giovevole. 


Instrumentality;  mezzo,  con- 

corso. 

Insubordin-ate,  -ation;  id. 
Insufferable ;  insopportabile. 
Insufficient;  id. 
Insul-ar,  -ate;  id. 
Insult ;    insultare,    oltraggiare, 

ingiuriare. 
Insuperable ;  id. 
Insupportable;  insopportabile. 
Insuppressible ;   non  reprimi- 

bile. 

Insurable ;  assicurabile. 
Insurance ;  assicurazione.  Time 

— ,   assicurazione    a    tempo. 

Fire,  Life  —  Co.,  compagnia 

d'  assicurazione  contro  il  fuo- 

co,  sulla  vita. 
Insure ;  assicurare. 
Insurgent ;  insorto. 
Insurmountable ;      insormon- 

tabile. 

Insurrection;  zrf.,sollevamento. 
Insusceptible ;  insuscettibile. 
Intact ;  intatlo. 
Intangible;  id. 
Integer;  intero. 
Integr-al,  -ate,  -ity;  id. 
Integument ;  id. 
Intellect ;  intelletto. 
Intelligence;   id.,  notizia,  nu- 

ova,  informazione. 
Intellig-ent,  -ible;  id. 
Intemperate;   i.  id.     2.  smo- 

derato. 
Intend;   i.  intendere,  far  conto 

di,    proporsi.      2.    destinare 

(a).     3.  disegnare.     4.  — ed, 

intenzionato. 
Intendant;  intendente. 
Intense;  id.,  vivo. 
Intensify ;    aumentare,    render 

piu  vivo. 
Intent;    id.      To   all  — s   and 

purposes,  sotto  ogni  riguardo 

pratico. 
Intention;   /,/.,  proponimento, 

divisamento. 

Intentional;  id.,  premeditate. 
Intentioned ;  intenzionato. 
Inter;  sotterrare. 
Interact ;  reagire  mutuamente. 
Interaction ;  azione  mutua. 
Intercalate;  id. 
Intercede ;  id. 
Intercept;  intercettare. 
Interchange ;     scambio     reci- 

proco. 
Interchangeable;   cambiabile, 

alternabile. 
Intercommunication ;    comu- 

nicazione  reciproca. 
Intercourse ;     rapporti,    com- 

mercio,  corrispondenza. 
Interdict ;  inter-detto,  -dire. 
Interest;    i.    interesse,  frutto ; 

Compound — ,  rifrutto.   2.  in- 
fluenza, credito.     3.    partici- 

pazione,  parte.  4.  interessare. 
Interfere ;    interporsi,    interve- 

nire,     urtarsi,     contrastarsi, 

osteggiare,  immischiarsi. 
Interference;  i .  interposizione, 

intervento.     2.  interferenza. 
Interferer;  ficcanaso. 
Interim  ;    id.      Ad  — ,    interi- 

nalmente. 

Interior;  id. ,  interno. 
Interjection;  id. 
Interlace;  intrecciare. 


Interlard ;  larrlellare. 

Interleave ;  interfogliare. 

Interline  ;  interlineare. 

Interlock;  unire  strettamente. 

Interlocutory ;  id. 

Interloper;  intruso. 

Interlude ;  intermezzo. 

Interlunar  period;  interlunio. 

Intermarriage ;  i  matrimoni 
tra  diversi  ceti.  —  between 
the  French  and  Germans  is 
rare,  i  matrimoni  fra  francesi 
e  tedeschi  sono  rari. 

Intermeddle ;  frammischiarsi. 

Intermeddler;  ficcanaso,  fac- 
cendone,  intrigante. 

Intermeddling;  ingerenza. 

Intermediary;  id. 

Interment ;  sotterramento. 

Interminable;  id. 

Intermingle  ;  frammischiare. 

Intermittent ;  iti. 

Intermixture;  mescolanza. 

Intern ;  internare. 

Internal ;  interno. 

International;  id. 

Internecine;  micidiale. 

Interpellation ;  interpellanza. 

Interpenetrate ;  compenetrare. 

Interplay ;  gioco  reciproco. 

Interpleader;  processo  nelle 
corti  inglesi  col  quale  uno 
che  non  pretende  egli  stesso 
a  un  diritto  qualunque  esige 
che  due  pretendenti  decidano 
prima  le  loro  pretensioni. 

Interpolate;  id. 

Interpose ;  inter-porre,  -porsi. 

Interposition;  id.,  intervento 

Interpret ;  id. 

Interregnum ;  interregno. 

Interrogate;  id. 

Interrupt ;  interrompere. 

Intersect ;  intersecare. 

Interspace;  interspazio. 

Intersperse  ;  spargere  qua  e  la, 
tempestare. 

Interstellar;  fra  Stella  e  stella. 

Interstice;  interstizio. 

Intertangle;  intralciare. 

Intertropical;  id. 

Intertwine ;  intrecciare. 

Interval;  id. ,  intermezzo. 

Intervene ;  intervenire,  frap- 
porsi,  trascorrere  (tempo). 

Intervening;  intervenente,  in- 
termediario,  sopravveniente. 

Intervention;  interven-to,  -zi- 
one. 

Intervertebral;  id. 

Interview;  i.  abboccamento, 
colloquio,  intervista.  2.  ab- 
boccarsi  con.  3.  intervistare. 

Interweave;  intessere,  intrec- 
ciare. 

Intestacy;  morte  senza  testa- 
raento. 

Intestate;  id. 

Intimacy;  intimita. 

Intimate ;  i.  intimo.  2.  far 
sapere,  annunziare,  accen- 
nare,  dare  ad  intendere. 

Intimation;  avviso. 

Into;  in. 

Intolerable ;  intollerabile. 

Intolerance ;  intolleranza. 

Intone;  id. 

Intoxicate ;  inebbriare,  ubbri- 
acare. 

Intractable;  intrattabile. 


INTRAMURAL— JEWEL 


Ixiii 


Intramural ;  intra  muros. 
Intransigent ;  id. 
Intransitive ;  id. 
Intransmissible ;  non  trasmis- 

sibile. 
Intransmutable ;  non  trasmu- 

tabile. 

Intrepid;  id. 
Intricate;  id. 
Intrigue ;  intrigo,  tresca. 
Intriguer;  intrigante. 
Intrinsic;  id. 
Introduce;  introdurre. 
Introductory;  introduttivo. 
Introit;  id. 
Intromission ;   id. 
Introspection ;     ispezione    in- 

terna,  esame  di  se  stesso. 
Intrude ;  intruders!. 
Intruder ;   intruso,  usurpatore, 

importune. 
Intuition ;  id. 

Inundate ;  inondare,  allagare. 
Inure;    i.  abituare,  avvezzare. 

2.  servire  per.     3.  passare  in 

uso. 

Invade ;  id. ,  attaccare. 
Invader;  invasore. 
Invalid;    i.    id.,  infermo.      2. 

non  valevole,  nullo. 
Invalidate;  id. 
Invaluable ;  impagabile. 
Invariable ;  id. 
Invasion ;  id. 
Invective ;  invettiva. 
Inveigh ;  inveire. 
Inveigle;  adescare.abbindolare. 
Invent ;  id. 
Inventory ;  inventario. 
Invers-e,  -ion;  id. 
Invert ;  invertire. 
Invest;   i.   investire,  collocare. 

2.  rivestire. 
Investigate;  id. 
Investiture;  id. 


Investment ;  collocamento,  in- 

vestimento. 
Inveterate ;  id. 
Invidious ;     odioso,    scabroso, 

irritante. 

Invigorate;  invigorire. 
Invincible ;  id. 
Inviolable ;  id. 
Invisible;  i,i. 
Invite;  id. 

Inviting ;  seducente,  allettante. 
Invocation ;  id. 
Invoice;  fattura. 
Invoke;  invocare. 
Involuntary ;  involontario. 
Involve ;     involgere,    compro- 

mettere,    implicate,    portare 

con  se,  cagionare. 
Invulnerable;  id. 
Inward ;  interiore,  interno. 
Inwardness;  anima. 
Inwards ;  all'  indentro. 
Iodine ;  iodio. 
Iota;  id. 

Ipecacuanha;  id. 
Irascible;  id. 
Ire;  id. 

Iridescent;  id. 
Iris ;     iride.       Florentine     — , 

giaggiolo. 
Irish ;     irlandese.         -    heath, 

scoppa  d'  Irlanda.     —  yew, 

tasso  d'  Irlanda. 
Irksome;  noioso,  penoso. 
Iron;    i.  ferro.     2.  ferreo.     3. 

stirare,  dare  il  ferro  a. 
Iron-clad ;  corazzato. 
Iron-founder;     fonditore     di 

ferro. 

Iron  gate;  cancello. 
Ironical;  ironico. 
.  Ironmongery ;  chincaglieria. 
Iron-works ;     ferriera,    mago- 

na. 
Irony;  id. 


Irradiate;  id.,  rischiarire. 
Irrational ;  irrazionale. 
Irreclaimable;  incorreggibile. 
Irreconcilable ;  irreconciliabile. 
Irrecoverable;   irrecuparabile. 
Irredeemable ;       irredimibile, 

non  rimborsabile. 
Irreducible ;  irriducibile. 
Irreflective ;  irriflessivo. 
Irrefragable ;  id. 
Irrefutable;  id. 
Irregular;  irregolare. 
Irrelevant ;    irrilevante,    estra- 

neo,  sconnesso.     —  matters, 

divagamenti. 
Irreligion ;  id. 
Irremediable ;  irrimediabile. 
Irremissible ;  id. 
Irremovable ;  inamovibile. 
Irreparable;  id. 
Irreprehensible ;       irreprensi- 

bile. 
Irrepressible ;     non     reprimi- 

bile. 
Irreproachable ;  senza  difetti, 

senza  fallo. 
Irresistible;  id. 
Irresolute ;  id. 
Irrespective  of;  senza  badare 

a. 

Irrespirable ;  id. 
Irresponsible ;  irresponsabile. 
Irrestrainable ;  non  frenabile. 
Irretrievable ;  irremediabile. 
Irreverent;  irrivenente. 
Irreversible;   i.  da  non  inver- 

tirsi,  che  pud  marciare  in  una 

sola  direzione.    2.  che  non  si 

puo  annullare. 
Irrevocable ;  id. 
Irrigate ;  irrigare. 
Irritate;  irritare. 
Irruption;  irruzione. 
Irruptive ;  irrompente. 
Ischium ;  cossendice. 


Isinglass  ;  colla  di  pesce. 
Island;  isola. 
Islander;  isolano. 
Islet ;  isolotto. 
Isochronous ;  isocrono. 
Isolated ;  isolate,  appartato. 
Isosceles;  isoscele. 
Issuable;  emissibile. 
Issue;    i.    uscita,    sbocco.     2. 

esito,  risultato.     3.  distribu- 

zione.       4.     emissione.      5. 

pubblicazione.      6.    numero 

(di   giornale),   edizione.      7. 

fontanella,cauterio.   8.  scolo. 

9.  posteri. 

10.  uscire.    n.  zampillare, 

scaturire.       12.     terniinare. 

13.    emanare.       14.    pulibli- 

care,  emettere,  rilasciare. 
15.  At  — ,  in  disaccordo. 

1 6.    Join  — ,   esser  d'  altra 

opinione. 
Isthmus;  istmo. 
It ;  lo,  la,  egli,  esso. 
Italianise;  italianizzare. 
Italian  sparrow ;  passera. 
Italian  warehouseman ;   piz- 

zicagnolo. 
Italic;  corsivo. 
Italicise  ;  stampare  in  carattere 

corsivo. 
Itch;     i.    rogna,    prurito.      2. 

piudere,  aver  gran  voglia  di, 

pizzicare. 

Itching;  prurito,  pizzicore. 
Item ;  articolo,  partita. 
Iteration;  id.,  ripetizione. 
Itinerant ;  ambulante. 
Itinerary ;  id. 
Its;  suo.     — -own,  il  suo. 
Itself;  se  stesso. 
Ivory ;  avorio. 
Ivy;  ellera. 
Ivy-leaved  toad-flax;   scoto- 

nello. 


Jabber ;  gracchiare,  ciabare, 
cinguettare,  borbottare,  cica- 
lare. 

Jack;   i.Gianni.    2.  girarrosto. 

3.  at  bowls,  boccino,  grillo. 

4.  v.  Pike.     5.   maschio.    6. 
cricco,  martinetto  ;  Screw  — , 
martinetto  a  vite,  verricello. 
7.  fante. 

Jack-a-dandy;  damerino. 
Jackal ;  sciacallo. 
Jackanapes ;  sciocchino. 
Jackass;    i.  somaro.      2.   tan- 

ghero,  goffone. 
Jack-boot;  stivalone. 
Jackdaw;  coi nacchia,  taccola. 
Jacket ;   giacchetta,    camiciola, 

giubbetto. 

Jack-in-the-box;  saltaleone. 
Jack-in-the-hedge ;  v.  Hedge 

garlic. 

Jack  Ketch;  boia. 
Jack-knife ;    coltello    da    tas- 

ca. 
Jack-plane ;    pialla   da   sgros- 

sare. 
Jack  snipe ;  beccaccino  minore, 

frullino. 
Jack  tar;  lupo  di  mare. 


Jacobin;  giacobino. 
Jacobite;  giacobita. 
Jaconet;  giaconetto. 
Jade;  i.  brenna.  2.  sgual- 

drina,    donnaccia,    briccona. 

3.  giado. 
Jaded;  stracco. 
Jag ;  tacca,  intaccatura. 
Jagged;  frastagliato.appuntato, 

intaccato. 

Jaguar;  giaguaro. 
Jail;  v.  Gaol. 
Jakes;  cesso. 
Jalap ;  gialapa. 
Jam;    i.    confettura,  conserva. 

2.  serrare,  prendere. 
Jamb ;  stipite. 
Jangle;   i.  stonatura,  discordia. 

2.  leticare,  rissare. 
Janissary ;  giannizzero. 
Janitor ;  portinaio. 
Jansenist;  giansenista. 
January;  gennaio. 
Japanned;  in  lacca,  invernicia- 

to  in  lacca. 
Jar;     i.    giara,    vaso,    brocca ; 

Leyden  — ,  bottiglia  di  Leida. 

i.    discordare.       3.    urtare  i 

nervi,  far  male  ai  nervi. 


Jargon ;    gergo,    parlare    inin- 

telligibile. 
Jarring ;     discordante,     disso- 

nante. 

Jarvey;  cocchiere. 
Jasmine;  v.  Jessamine. 
Jasper;  diaspro. 
Jaundice ;     itterizia,    giallezza 

della  pelle. 
Jaundiced;     i.     itterico.       2. 

geloso,  astioso. 
Jaunt;    i.    scampagnata,    gita. 

2.    girandolare,   andare   qua 

e  la. 

Jaunty ;  gaio,  lepido,  attillato. 
Javelin;  giavellotto. 
Jaw ;    mascella,   ganascia.     — s 

of  pincers,  morso  delle  tana- 

glie. 

Jay;  gliiandaia. 
Jealous;  geloso. 
Jean;   i.  traliccio.     2.  Giovan- 

na. 

Jeer;  burlare,  beffare. 
Jehu ;  automedonte. 
Jejune ;  insipido. 
Jelly;  gelatina. 
Jemmy ;  grimaldello. 
Jennet ;  giaunotto. 


Jeopard ;  arrischiare. 
Jerboa ;  gerboa. 
Jeremiad;  geremiata. 
Jerk;  i .  scossa,  sbalzo.    2.  scag- 

liare,  lanciare  a  secco  ;    He 

jerked  it  out  of  my  hand,  Me 

lo  fece  saltar  di  mano  ;   To 

—  off,  portar  via. 
Jerked  beef;   fette  di  carne  di 

bue  seccate  al  sole. 
Jerkin ;  giaco,  giustacuore. 
Jersey ;    sorta   di   giacchetta  a 

maglia,  sottoveste  di  flanella. 
Jerusalem  artichoke;   tubero 

del  girasole  tuberose. 
Jess;  geto. 

Jessamine ;  gelsomino. 
Jest ;  scherzo,  burla,  beffa,  mot- 

teggio. 

Jester;  burlone,  capameno. 
Jesuit ;  gesuita. 
Jesus;  Gesii. 
Jet;   i.  getto,  zaffata,  zampillo. 

2.  giaietto. 
Jetsam ;  gettito. 
Jetty;  scalo. 
Jew ;  ebreo.     —  baiting,  perse- 

cuzione  degli  ebrei. 
Jewel;  gioiello,  gioia. 


Ixiv 


JEWISH— KEY-BIT 


Jewish;  ebreo. 
Jewry;  gli  ebrei. 
Jew's-harp;  scacciapensieri. 
Jib;    i.  flocco.     2.    impunlarsi, 

puntare   i    piedi,   irritrosire ; 

He  jibbed  at  this  suggestion, 

questa  suggerimento  non  gli 

piacque. 
Jibe ;  v.  Gibe. 

Jiffy ;  In  a  —  (gergo),  subito. 
jg;   J.  giga.     2.  agitarsi. 

Jigger;  i.  ponticino.  2.  pa- 
ranco.  3.  vela  di  contro- 
mezzana.  4.  specie  di  pulce. 

5 ed,  sbalordito ;  I'm  — ed ! 

caspita  ! 

Jilt;  i.  civettuola.  2.  man- 
care  alia  promessa  di  matri- 
monio. 

Jingle;  i.  tinntinn-io.  2.  -are; 
To  —  glasses,  cozzare  i  bic- 
chieri. 

Job  ;   j.  lavoro,  affare,  compile. 

2.  By   the    — ,   a    cottimo. 

3.  maneggio,  intruglio,  rag- 
giro;    A   put   up   — ,   affare 
concertato  prima.     4.  noleg- 
giare  o  dare  a  nolo  cavalli  o 
carrozze.     5.  Giobbe. 

Jobber ;     speculatore,    persona 

che    negozia    in    titoli    per 

conto  proprio. 
Job-master ;     noleggiatore    di 

carrozze. 
Jockey;  i.  fantino.     2.  truffare, 

gabbare. 

Jocose ;  giocoso,  gioviale. 
Jocular;  giocoso,  scherzoso. 
Jocund  ;  giocondo. 
Jog;      i.     scossa,     scotimento. 

•2.  urtare  leggermente.    3.  — 

along,     avviarsi,     far     cani- 

mino. 

Joggle ;  agitare,  scuotere. 
John ;  Giovanni. 
John  Dory ;  v.  Dory. 
Join ;    congiungere,   unire,    as- 

sociare,    collegare,    commet- 

tere. 
Joiner;  falegname. 


Joinery ;  lavori  di  falegname. 

Joint;  i.  giuntura,  giunto, 
unione,  commessura,  incas- 
tratura,  commettitura ;  Fish 
— ,  giuntura  a  ganascia. 
2.  pezzo(dicarne).  3.  Roast 
— ,  arrosto.  4.  —  account, 
partita  di  due  persone  in- 
sieme;  On  —  account,  in 
conipartecipazione  ;  --  au- 
thor, collaboratore  ;  —  com- 
mand, comando  in  comune  ; 
Under  the  —  command  of, 
comandato  da. ..in  comune  ; 
-  effort,  sforzo  unito ;  - 
and  several,  solidale ;  — 
guardian,  chi  condivide  la 
tutela,  contutore ;  --  heir, 
coerede;  —  owner,  compro- 
prietario,  compossessore  ;  — 
signature,  firma  collettiva  ; 
—  tenant,  coinquilino,  affit- 
tuario  in  comune.  5.  Out  of 
— ,  slogato.  6.  (hot.)  nodo. 

7.  tagliare  per  le  giuntare. 

8.  Put   out  of  — ,    disordi- 
nare. 

Jointly  ;  insieme,  unitamente, 
congiuntamente. 

Joint  stock;  capitale  perazioni. 
—  company,  societa  ano- 
nima. 

Jointure ;  assegno  o  pensione 
fatta  dal  marito  alia  moglie 
per  essere  da  questa  goduta 
dopo  la  morte  di  lui. 

Joist ;  travicello,  corrente. 

Joke ;  v.  Jest. 
oily ;    allegro,    piacevole,    fes- 

toso,  famoso,  bravo. 
Jolt;      i.      crollo,     trabalzone. 

2.    crollare,  trabalzare. 
Jonquil ;  giunchiglia  odorosa. 
Jorum ;  fiascone. 
Jostle ;    urtarsi   contro,   dar  di 

gomito  a. 
Jot;    i.    iota,   punto,  briciolo ; 

Not  a  — ,  neppur  per  sogno. 

i.    —   down,    prender   nota 

di. 


Journal;  i.  giornale.    2.diario. 

3.  —  of  an  axle,  orecchione. 

4.  (mar. )  libro  di  bordo. 
Journey;  viaggio. 
Journeyman ;  giornaliero. 
Joust;  giostra. 

Jovial ;  gioviale. 

Jowl;  guancia.     Cheek  by  — , 

vicinissimo. 
Joy  I  g'°ia>  gaiezza,  letizia,  al- 

legrezza,  contentezza. 
Joyless;  triste. 
Jubilant ;  giubilante. 
Jubilee;  giubileo. 
Judaic ;  giudaico. 
Judas  tree  ;  albero  di  amore. 
Judge;   i.  giudice.     2.  conosci- 

tore.     3.    giudicare.     4.    To 

be  a  —  of.  intendersi  di. 
Judgeship ;  giudicatura. 
Judgment ;     i.     giudizio,    de 

creto,  sentenza.     2.  giudizio, 

senno. 

Judgment-seat;  tribunale. 
Judicature ;  giudicatura. 
Judicial;  giudiziario. 
Judiciary;  giudicatura. 
Judicious ;  giudizioso,  prudente, 

savio. 
Jug  ;   mezzina,  brocca,  boccale. 

Hot   water  —    (of  copper), 

ramino. 
Juggle  ;    giocolare,  fare  il  pre- 

stigiatore,  truffare. 
Juggling    trick ;    gherminella, 

giuoco  di  mano. 
Jugular;  giugolare. 
Juice ;  sugo. 
Jujube;  giuggiola. 
Julep;  giulebbe. 
July;  luglio. 
Jumble;    i.    guazzabuglio.     2. 

mescolare,    confondere,    im- 

brogliare. 

Jumbled ;  (ova)  strapazzate. 
Jump;   i.  salto,  sbalzo.    2.  sal- 
tare.     3.   —  over,  scavalcare. 
Junction;      i.      congiunzione, 

punto  di  riunione.     2.  dira- 

mazione. 


June;  giugno. 

Jungle;  giungla. 

Junior;  minore,  cadetto,  gio- 
vane. 

Juniper;  ginepro. 

Juniper  berry;  coccola  del 
ginepro. 

Junk;  i.  giunca.  2.  gomena 
vecchia.  3.  carne  di  bue 
salato. 

Junket ;  i.  giuncata.  2.  lec- 
cornia.  3.  far  festa. 

Junta;  giunta. 

Jurisdiction ;  giurisdizione. 

Jurisprudence  ;  giurispruden- 
za. 

Jurist ;  giurista. 

Jury;  giurati,  giuri. 

Jury  mast ;  albero  di  fortuna. 

Just;  i.  giusto.  2.  appunto, 
precisamente,  giusto  ;  I  have 
what  will  —  suit  you,  ho  da 
servirla  bene  ;  He  looks  — 
like  a  great  monkey,  pare 
proprio  uno  scimmione;  Mass 
is  —  going  to  begin,  fra  due 
moment!  entra  la  messa ; 
Milk  —  drawn,  latte  munto 
d'  allora ;  With  —  the  right 
amount  of  salt,  giusto  di  sale ; 
If  they  provoke  me  a  little 
bit  further  I  shall  —  simply 
go,  se  mi  stuzzicano  un  altro 
poco  me  ne  vo  e  festa  ;  — 
in  time,  giusto  a  tempo ;  — 
by  way  of  something  to  do, 
tanto  per  far  qualche  cosa  ; 
-  now,  (a)  pruprio  ora, 
(6)  poc'  anzi,  teste  ;  —  so, 
proprio  cosi. 

Justice;  i.  giustizia.  2.  giu- 
dice. 

Justify;  giustificare. 

Jut ;  sporgere,  aggettare,  avan- 
zare,  uscire  di  riga. 

Jute  ;  corcoro,  iuta. 

Juvenile ;  giovanile. 

Juxtaposition ;  apposizione. 
In  — ,  1'  uno  accanto  al 
1'  altro. 


K 


Kaleidoscope ;  caleidoscopio. 

Kangaroo ;  canguru. 

Kedge;  ancorotto. 

Keel;  chiglia,  carena. 

Keelson  ;  paramezzale. 

Keen;  i.  affilato,  aguzzo. 
2.  sottile,  penetrante.  3.  pic- 
cante,  frizzante,  caustico. 
4.  perspicace.  5.  vivo,  ar- 
dente,  avido. 

Keep;  sb. :  i.  mantenimento, 
manutenzione.  2.  torre,  tor- 
rione. 

Keep ;  i .  tenere,  conservare, 
serbare ;  —  safe,  tener  sicuro. 
i.  avere,  mantenere.  3.  os- 
servare,  seguire  (ordini). 
4.  celebrare  (festa).  5.  - 
one's  bed,  stare  in  letto. 
6.  —  doing,  far  sempre,  con- 
tinuare  a  fare.  7.  —  a  secret, 
conservare  un  segreto.  8.  im- 
pedire.  9.  —  company  with, 
aver  pratica  di,  frequentare, 


bazzicare  con.  10.  —  the 
books,  tenere  i  libri.  1 1 .  — 
one's  own  counsel,  tacere, 
non  lasciar  trasparire  il  vero. 
12.  —  one's  countenance, 
non  sconcertarsi,  trattenere 
il  riso.  13.  —  good  hours, 
rincasarsi  presto.  14.  - 
one's  temper,  non  adirarsi, 
non  incollerirsi. 
Keep  at;  i.  star  sempre  a. 

1.  non  lasciare  tranquillo. 
Keep    away ;     i .    allontanare. 

2.  stare  in  disparte,  assentarsi. 
Keep  back;    i.    stare  sulla  ri- 

serva,   starsene    a    parte   od 

indietro.     2.    tacere. 
Keep  down;   i.   tenere  in  sog- 

gezione.      2.    tenete  a  basso 

livello  (le  spese).     3.    impe- 

dire    la    moltiplicazione    di 

(conigli). 
Keep    from;    i.    astenersi  da. 

2.    nascondere  da. 


Keep  in;  i.  raffrenare.    2.  proi- 

bire  di  uscire.      3.    stare  in 

casa. 
Keep   off;    i.    non  andare  su. 

2.  tenere  a  bada.     3.  tenere 

il  largo. 
Keep  on ;   i.  continuare  nel  suo 

impiego.     2.  v.  Keep  (6). 
Keep  out ;  tener  lontano,  esclu- 

dere. 

Keep  to ;  limitare  a. 
Keep  under;  tener corto, repri- 

mere. 
Keep  up  ;  i.  mantenere.  2.  sos- 

tenere. 
Keeper;   i.  guardiano,  custode, 

conservatore,    guarda-caccia. 

2.    passante.      3.    anello  ac- 
canto    all'     anello     nuziale. 

4.    ancora  d'  un  magnete  a 

ferro  di  cavallo. 
Keeping;    i.   custodia.     2.  ar- 

monia. 
Keepsake ;  ricordo. 


Keg;  bariletto,  caratello. 
Kelp ;  soda  greggia. 
Ken ;  sguardo,  vista. 
Kennel;    i.    covo,  canile.      2. 

rigagnolo,   zanella. 
Kentish  plover ;  fratino. 
Kentledge ;    ferraccio    da    za- 

vorra. 

Kerchief;  fa/zoletto,  fisciu. 
Kernel;    i.    nocciolo,  pignolo, 

noce.     i.   I'  essenziale. 
Kerosene ;  cerosina,  cherosino. 
Kersey ;  panno  grosso. 
Kerseymere ;  casimiro. 
Kestrel;  gheppio. 
Ketch;  galiotta. 
Kettle ;  calderotto,  caldaina. 
Kettle-drum;  timballo. 
Kex ;  gambo  di  cicuta. 
Key;      i.     chiave.      2.     tasto. 

3.   samara.     4.   (WHS.  )  tono. 

,S.  Master  — ,  chiave  comune. 

6.   Skeleton  — ,  chiave  falsa. 
Key-bit;  ingegno. 


KEY-BOARD—LANDAU 


Ixv 


Key-board ;  tastiera. 

Key-hole ;  buco  della  serratura. 

Key-note ;  tonica. 

Keystone;  chiave. 

Khan ;  kan. 

Kibe ;  pedignone. 

Kick;      i.     calcio.       2.      tirar 

calci.     3.    dar  un  colpo  col 

piede,    spingere    col    piede. 

4.    rinculare  (facile).     5.   — 

about,   sgambettare.      6.    — 

at,    ricalcitrare.     7.    —   up, 

fare,  mandare  in  aria,  solle- 

vare. 

Kicker ;  che  lira  calci. 
Kicking-strap;  paracalci. 
Kickshaw ;  manicaretto. 
Kick-up ;  chiasso. 
Kid ;  capretto.   — gloves,  guanti 

di  capretto. 
Kidnap;   trafugare,  rapire,  cat- 

turare. 
Kidney;    i.   rene,  arnione,  ro- 

gnone.     i.  tempra,  razza. 
Kidney-bean ;  fagiuolo. 
Kidney-vetch ;  vulneraria. 
Kilderkin ;  barilotto. 
Kill ;  uccidere,  ammazzare. 
Kiln ;  fornace. 

Kiln-dried ;  seccato  al  forno. 
Kilogramme ;  chilogrammo. 
Kilt;  gonnella  degli  Scozzesi. 
Kin ;  parentado. 
Kind;    i.    gentile,    amorevole, 

benevolo,    2.  genere,  specie, 

sorta. 
Kindergarten;  giardino  d'  in- 

fanzia. 

Kindle ;  accendere. 
Kindliness ;   dolcezza,   amore- 

volezza. 

Kindling;  legna,  fascinette. 
Kindly;   j.  benevolo,  benigno, 

clolce.     i.  gentilmente. 
Kindness ;  bonla,  gentilezza. 
Kindred;  i.  congiunto,  affine. 

i.  parentela. 


Kine;  vacche. 

King;  i.  re.  2.  at  draughts, 
dama. 

King-cup;  botton  d' oro. 

Kingdom ;  regno,  reame. 

Kingfisher;  martin  pescatore, 
piombino. 

Kingly ;  da  re,  reale. 

King-post ;  monaco. 

King's  evil ;  scrofola. 

Kink ;  cocca,  grovigliola. 

Kinsfolk;  parentela. 

Kinship ;  parentado. 

Kinsman ;  parente,  congiun- 
to. 

Kiosk;  chiosco. 

Kipper ;  pesce  seccato  e  aflumi- 
cato. 

Kirk ;  chiesa  scozzese. 

Kirtle ;  sottana. 

Kiss;   i.  bacio.     i.  rimpallo. 

Kissing-crust;  orliccio. 

Kit ;  corredo,  effetti. 

Kitchen ;  cucina. 

Kitchen-cloth  ;  canovaccio. 

Kitchen-garden;  orto. 

Kitchen-maid ;  lavapialli. 

Kitchen-stuff;  grascia. 

Kite;  i.  aquilone.  2.  nib- 
bio.  3.  bjglietto  di  comodo. 

Kitten;  i.  gattino.  2.  figli- 
are. 

Kittle ;  poco  maneggiabile. 

Knack  ;  destrezza,  accortezza. 
To  have  the  —  of,  avere  una 
abilila  speciale  per. 

Knacker;  abbattitore  di  cavalli 
vecchi. 

Knapsack;  zaino. 

Knapweed ;  centaurea  nera. 

Knave;  i.  furfante,  mariuolo, 
furbo,  ribaldo,  birbone.  2. 
fante. 

Knavish  ;  birbonesco,  da  mari- 
uolo. —  trick,  birbonata. 

Knead ;  impastare,  intridere. 

Kneading-trough ;  madia. 


Knee;   j.  ginocchio.    j.  (anfi.) 

gomito.       3.     (mar.)     brae- 

ciuolo. 

Knee-cap;  rotella. 
Knee-deep ;  fino  a'  ginocchi. 
Kneel;  inginocchiarsi. 
Kneeling;  ginocchioni. 
Knell ;  rintocco  funebre. 
Knick-knack;  v.  Nicknack. 
Knife  ;  coltello. 
Knife-rest ;  reggiposala. 
Knight;    cavaliere.      —  of  the 

Garter,  cavaliere  della  Giar- 

rettiera. 
Knight-errant ;    cavaliere   er- 

rante. 

Knighthood ;  cavalierato. 
Knightly;  cavalleresco. 
Knight-templar;  templare. 
Knit;    i.   far  la  calza,  lavorare 

a    maglia.       2.    legare.       3. 

serrare     (pugno),     corrugare 

(ciglia). 
Knitted ;    di    maglia,    fatto    a 

maglia. 

Knitter ;  chi  fa  lavori  a  maglia. 
Knitting ;     maglia,    lavoro    a 

maglia,  calza. 

Knitting-needle;  ferro  da  cal- 
za.      Ivory    knitting-needle, 

ago  d'  avorio  da  calza. 
Knob;  bozza, bernoccolo, porno, 

nodo,   bottone,  maniglia  (di 

porta). 

Knobbed ;  bernoccoluto. 
Knock;  i.  colpo,  percossa,  bot- 

ta.     2.   picchio.     3.  colpire, 

urtare,  battere,  bussare. 
Knock  about;    i.   malmenare. 

2.  correre  il  mondo. 
Knock    down;     i.    abbattere, 

atterrare.    2.  abbassare  (prez- 

zi).     3.    deliberare,  aggiudi- 

care  (in  un'  asta). 
Knocker;  martello. 
Knock  in;  i.  sfondare.  2. 

conficcare. 


Knocking;  picchiotlio. 
Knock-kneed;  colle  gambe  a 

iccasse. 
Knock  off;  i.  rompere,  portar 

via,  far  saltare.     2.    cessare 

(lavoro),  smettere  di  lavorare. 

3.  sbrigare,  spicciare. 
Knock  on  the  head ;  i.  accop- 

pare.     2.  sventarc,  mandare 

a  monte. 
Knock  out;  i.  metier  da  parte, 

escludere.       2.    sconfiggere, 

vincere,  metier  fuori  di  com- 

battimento. 
Knock  under  ;  darsi  per  vinto, 

stare  in  secondo  luogo. 
Knock  up ;   i.  spossare,  slogare 

le  reni  a.     2.   risvegliare. 
Knoll;  poggio,  collinetta. 
Knot;    i.    nodo,   gruppo.       2. 

cuscino   (da    facchino).       3. 

crocchio.    4.  piovanello  majj- 

giore.     j.    annodare,  avvin- 

colare,  attorcigliare. 
Knotgrass ;  centinodia. 
Knout ;  flagello,  cnut. 
Know ;  sapere,  conoscere,  esser 

informato  di.     To  lei  — ,  far 

sapere. 

Knowable ;  conoscibile. 
Knowing;    i.   istruito,    intelli- 

gente.     2.  scaltro,  oculato. 
Knowingly;  consapevolmente, 

a  bello  studio,  con  cognizione 

di  causa. 
Knowledge ;   conoscenza.     To 

my  — ,  a  mia  saputa.     Get 

—  of,  informarsi  di. 
Knowledgeable  ;    intelligente, 

assennato. 

Known ;  data  (quantila). 
Knuckle;  i.  nocca.      2.  —  of 

mutton,    or     veal,     garetto. 

3.     —    under,     v.     Knock 

under. 

Kohl-rabi ;  cavolrapa. 
Koran ;  alcorano. 


Label;     i.    etichetta,     marca. 

2.  segnare,    munir    d'    eti- 
chella. 

Labial;  id. 
Laboratory;  id. 
Laborious;  id.,  penoso. 
Labour;    i.    lavoro,  travaglio, 

fatica,  pena.     2.  doglie.     3. 

lavorare,  sforzarsi.    4.  —  at, 

occuparsi  di.      5.  —  under, 

soffrire  di,  dover  lotlare  con- 

Iro. 

Laboured ;  slentato. 
Labourer;  operaio, giornaliero, 

lavoranle,  opra. 
Laburnum  ;    avorniello,    mag- 

giociondolo. 
Labyrinth ;  laberinto. 
Lac;   i.  lacca.     2. — of  rupees, 

centomila  rupie. 
Lace;    i.    merletto,   trina.     2. 

aghetto,  coreggiolo,  stringa. 

3.  allacciare. 

Lace-maker;  trinaia. 

Lacerate ;      stracciare,      lace- 
rare. 

Lachrymal ;  lagrimale. 

H. 


Lack;  i.  mancanza.  2.  man- 
care. 

Lackadaisical ;  lezioso. 

Lackey ;  lacche. 

Lack-lustre;  smorto. 

Laconic ;  id. 

Lactation ;  allatlamento. 

Lacteal ;  latteo. 

Lacuna;  id.,  vuoto. 

Lad ;  giovanello,  mozzo. 

Ladder ;  scala  a  piuoli  o  a 
mano.  Rope  — ,  scala  di 
cord  a. 

Lade ;  caricare. 

Lading;  carico. 

Ladle;  mestola, romaiuolo,  cuc- 
chiaione,  mescino. 

Ladleful ;  cucchiaiata. 

Lady;  signora,  dama.  Young 
— ,  signorina. 

Ladybird;  coccinella. 

Lady-Day;  festa  della  annun- 
ziata. 

Lady  fern  ;  felce  femmina. 

Ladylike  ;  da  signora,  distinlo. 

Lady-love ;  dama  de'  suoi  pen- 


Lady's  bed-straw ;  caglio. 
Ladyship ;  signoria. 
Lady's  maid ;  cameriera. 
Lady's  mantle ;  erba  stella. 
Lady's  smock ;  billeri. 
Lag ;  restare  dietro. 
Lager  beer;  birra  leggera  sul 

tipo  tedesco. 
Laggard ;     moroso,    ritardata- 

rio. 
Lagging  (for  a  boiler) ;  rivesti- 

mento. 

Lagoon ;  laguna. 
Lair;  tana,  covo. 
Laird ;  proprietario  scozzese. 
Laity;  laici. 

Lake;   i.  lago.     2.  lacca. 
Lakh  ;  v.  Lac  (2). 
Lamb;    i.  agnello,  abbacchio. 

2.   figliare. 

Lambkin ;  agnelletto. 
Lambs'  lettuce ;  favetle. 
Lame ;    zoppo,   slorpio,  ranco, 

zoppicante. 

Lamellar ;  lamelloso. 
Lameness;    1'  esser  zoppo  o 

storpio. 


Lament ;  lagnarsi  di,  rimpian- 

gere,   deplorare,  dolersi,  la- 

mentarsi. 

Lamentable ;  deplorevole. 
Lamentation ;     lamento,     la- 

gnanza. 

Lamina  ;  id.,  piastra di  metallo. 
Laminated ;  laminoso. 
Lammergeier;  avvoltoio  bar- 

bulo,  arpia. 
Lamp  ;  lampada,  lucerna,  lam- 

pione. 

Lamp-black  ;  nero  di  fumo. 
Lamp  -lighter ;       lampadista, 

accendi-gas. 

Lamp-maker;  lampanaio. 
Lamp-oil ;  olio  da  ardere. 
Lampoon ;  libello,  pasquinala. 
Lamprey ;  lampreda. 
Lance ;  lancia. 
Lancer;  lanciere. 
Lancet ;  lancetta. 
Lancinating;  lancinante. 
Land;   i.  terra,  terreno,  paese. 

2.  sbarcare,  metier  in  terra. 
Land-agent;  amministratore. 
Landau;  lando. 

I 


Ixvi 


LAND-BREEZE—LEADEN 


Land-breeze ;     brezzolino    di 

terra. 

Landed;  fondiario. 
Landgrave ;  langravio. 
Landholder ;     padrone    fondi- 
ario. 
Landing;  i.  scalo,  sbarcatoio. 

2.   sbarco.     3.    pianerottolo, 

ripiano,  spianata. 
Landing-net;  reticella  a  sacco, 

con  manico,  per  sollevare  il 

pesce  fuori  dell'  acqua. 
Landing-stage ;        sbarcatoio 

galleggiante. 
Land-jobber ;    speculatore    di 

beni  fondiari. 
Landlady ;     ostessa,     alberga- 

trice,  padrona. 
Landless ;  senza  terra. 
Landlocked ;  chiuso  da  terre. 
Landloper ;  girellone. 
Landlord ;  padrone. 
Landlubber;   chi  non  e  mari- 

naro. 
Landmark ;    segno,   punto    di 

riscontro,  caposaldo. 
Landowner ;     proprie tario    di 

fondi. 
Land-rail ;   re  di  quaglie,   v. 

Re  (5). 
Landscape ;     paesuggio.       — 

painter,  paesista. 
Landslip ;  frana. 
Landsman ;  uomo  di  terra. 
Land-surveyor;   agrimensore. 
Land-tax;  imposta  fondiaria. 
Land-waiter ;     doganiere   che 

sorveglia  agli  sbarchi. 
Lane ;    vicolo,   straducola,    vi- 

uzza. 
Language ;  lingua,  linguaggio, 

favella.     Bad  — ,  parolacce, 

bestemmie. 

Languid;  »'</. ,  floscio. 
Languish ;  languire. 
Languor;  id. 

Lanky;  allampanato,  smilzo. 
Lanner;  laniere. 
Lansquenet ;  lanzichenecchio. 
Lantern;  id.,  faro,  fanale. 
Lantern -jawed;  colle  gote  in- 

fossate. 
Lap;     i.    falda,    grembo ;    On 

her  — ,  sulle  ginocchia.    2.  un 

giro  della  pista.     3.  ricopri- 

mento.     4.  leccare,  lambire. 

5.    —  over,   involgere,  rico- 

prire,  ripiegarsi   su,  incroci- 

arsi. 

Lapdog;  cagnolino. 
Lapel ;  falda,  rovescio. 
Lapful ;  grembialata. 
Lapidary;  id. 
Lapis-lazuli ;  id. 
Lappet ;  falda. 
Lapse;   i.  passaggio,  trascorri- 

mento.     2.  scorsa  (di  niemo- 

ria),  mancanza.     3.  scadere, 

diventar  perento.    4.  —  into, 

cascare  o  cadere  in. 
Lapwing;  pavoncella. 
Larceny;  ladrocinio. 
Larch ;  larice. 
Lard;  lardo. 
Larder;  dispensa. 
Large ;  grande,  ampio,  grosso. 
As  —  as  life,  di   grandezza 

naturale.     At  — ,  libero. 
Large-hearted ;  munificente. 
Large-limbed;  membruto. 


Large-minded;  d'idee  larghe. 

Largeness ;  grandezza. 

Largess;  regalo. 

Lark;  i.  calandra,  calandrino, 
cappellaccia,  lodola,  totta- 
villa.  i.  scherzo,  diverti- 
mento. 3.  divertirsi,  scher- 
zare. 

Larkspur;  sperone  di  cava- 
liere. 

Larrikin ;  malandrino,  ragaz- 
zaccio. 

Larva;  id. 

Larynx ;  laringe. 

Lascar ;  lascare. 

Lascivious ;  lascivo,  lussurioso. 

Lash ;  i.  frustata,  sferzata. 
i.  cordicella  di  frusta,  sfer- 
zino.  3.  ciglio.  4.  flagel- 
lare.  5.  guizzare.  6.  attac- 
care,  legare. 

Lasher ;  cateratta. 

Lashing;  legatura,  legame. 

Lashings ;  gran  copia. 

Lass ;  zitella,  ragazza. 

Lassitude;  stanchezza.lassezza. 

Lasso ;  lacciaia. 

Last;   i.   ultimo,     v.  — night, 
iersera,  la  scorsa  notte ;    - 
time,  1'  ultima  volta.     3.   At 
— ,   finalmente.       4.    forma, 
rientrastivali.     5.    durare. 

Laster;  rientratore. 

Lasting ;  durevole. 

Lastly;  alia  fine,  in  fine. 

Latch ;  saliscendi,  nottola. 

Latchet;  correggiuolo,fibbietta. 

Late;  i.  tardo.  2.  tardi,  in 
sul  tardi.  3.  tardivo.  4.  fu, 
defunto ;  -  -  Minister,  ex- 
ministro.  5.  Of  — ,  ultima- 
mente,  da  qualche  tempo ; 
Of  —  years,  in  quest!  ultimi 
anni. 

Lateen;  latino. 

Lately ;  non  ha  guari,  poco  fa, 
poco  stante. 

Latent;  id.,  occulto. 

Later;  piu  tardi,  dopo. 

Lateral ;  id. 

Latest ;  ultimo,  recentissimo. 

Lath ;  assicella,  panconcello. 

Lathe ;  tornio. 

Lather;  i.  saponata,  schiuma 
di  sapone.  2.  insaponare. 

Latin,  Latinise ;  id. 

Latish  ;  alquanto  tardo. 

Latitude ;  latitudine. 

Latitudinarian ;  latitudinario. 

Latrine ;  id. 

Latter ;  quest'  ultimo. 

Latter-day ;  recente,  moderno. 

Latterly ;  recentemente,  ulti- 
mamente. 

Lattice ;  graticcio.  —  girder, 
trave  all'  americana.  —  win- 
dow, finestra  ingraticciata. 

Lattice-work;  graticolato. 

Laud ;  lodare,  celebrare. 

Laudable;  lodevole. 

Laudanum;  /,/. 
Laudatory;  id. 

Laugh;  i.  riso,  risata.  2.  ri- 
dere.  3.  —  at,  burlarsi  di, 
ridere  di.  4.  —  out,  scop- 
piare  in  una  risata.  j.  — 
scornfully,  sghignazzare.  6. 
—  in  one's  sleeve,  rider  sotto 
i  baffi. 
Laughable  ;  ridevole,  risibile. 


Laugher;  ridente,  allegro,  ri- 
dancione. 

Laughing ;  ridente,  gaio. 

Laughingly ;  in  modo  ridente. 

Laughing-stock  ;  zimbello. 

Laughter ;  riso,  il  ridere,  risata. 
Break  out  into  — ,  scoppiarc 
dalle  risa. 

Launch ;  i.  lancia,  scialuppa. 
2.  varare.  3.  —  out,  lanci- 
arsi,  imbarcarsi. 

Laundress ;  stiratrice,  lavan- 
daia. 

Laundry;  lavanderia. 

Laureate;  id. 

Laurel ;  lauro,  lauroceraso. 

Laurustinus ;  alloro  tino. 

Lausanne ;  Losanna. 

Lava;  id. 

Lavatory;  lavabo. 

Lave ;  lavare. 

Lavender ;  lavandula,  spigo 
domestico. 

Lavender  cotton ;  canapec- 
chia. 

Laver;  i.  ulva  commestibile. 
2.  lavabo. 

Lavish;  i.  prodigo,  profuso. 
2.  scialacquare,  profondere. 

Law ;  legge,  statuto.  -  of 
nations,  diritto  delle  genti. 
Common  — ,  diritto  comune. 
Statute  — ,  atti  del  parla- 
mento.  Doctor  of  — s,  dot- 
tore  in  legge.  To  become 
— ,  passare  in  legge.  To 
follow  the  — ,  studiar  la 
legge.  To  go  to  — ,  litigare, 
iniziare  un  processo.  To  pass 
a  — ,  fare  una  legge.  To  take 
the  —  into  one's  own  hands, 
farsi  giustizia  da  se. 

Law-court ;  i.  corte  di  giu- 
stizia, tribunale.  i.  palazzo 
di  giustizia. 

Lawful ;  legale,  lecito. 

Lawfully ;  secondo  la  legge. 

Lawfulness;  legalita. 

Lawgiver ;  legislature. 

Lawless ;  senza  legge,  sfrenato, 
illegale. 

Lawlessness ;  licenza,  srego- 
latezza. 

Lawn;  i.  erbaio,  tappeto  er- 
boso,  prato.  2.  battista. 

Lawn-spurrey ;  spergola  de' 
giardini. 

Lawn  tennis ;  lawn  tennis. 

Lawsuit ;  processo,  causa. 

Lawyer ;  avvocato,  giurista, 
legista, 

Lax;  debole,  fiacco,  rilassato, 
sciolto. 

Laxative;  lassativo. 

Laxity;  rilassatezza. 

Lay;  i.  canzone,  canto.  2. 
campo  di  operazioni  (spec, 
di  ladri).  3.  (mar.)  parte  di 
profitto.  4.  laico.  5.  porre, 
posare,  mettere.  6.  scom- 
mettere.  7.  —  (the  table), 
apparecchiare.  8.  —  (the 
dust),  spengere.  9.  —  (eggs), 
fare.  10.  —  (crops),  abbat- 
tere.  1 1.  —  (a  gun),  pun- 
tare. 
Lay  about  one;  menare  colpi 

dappertutto. 

Lay  aside ;  melter  da  parte. 
Lay  before ;  sottomettere. 


Lay  brother;  converso. 

Lay  by ;  serbare. 

Lay  days ;  stallie. 

Lay   down ;    posare,   coricare, 

deporre,  dare  (vita),  abban- 

donare,  spiegare  (legge),  sta- 

bilire  (massima). 
Lay   figure ;    fantoccio,    mani- 

chino. 

Lay  in ;  ammassare. 
Lay  into  ;  picchiar  per  bene. 
Lay  it  on ;  aggravare  la  mano, 

caricare  (un  racconto). 
Lay  off;  segnare  (corsa). 
Lay  on ;  applicare,  sovrap- 

porre. 
Lay  out;    i.   sborsare.     2.   cli- 

stendere,  stendere,  disporre, 

disegnare. 

Lay  sister ;  conversa. 
Lay  to;  imputare,  attribuire. 
Lay  under;  sottomettere  a. 
Lay  up;    i.    accumulare,  eco- 

nomizzare.     2.    obbligarc  al 

letto,  o   a   stare   in   camera. 

3.  lasciar  riposare  (terreno). 

4.  (ttiar. }  disarmare. 
Lay  upon ;  imporre. 
Laybach ;  Lubiana. 
Layer;   i.  gallina  che  fa  uova. 

^.  margotta.    3.  strato,  letto. 

Layman ;  laico. 

Laystall ;  letamaio. 

Lazaretto ;  lazzaretto. 

Laziness ;  pigrizia,  indolenza. 

Lazy;  pigro,  lento,  infingardo, 
snervato,  indolente. 

Lead;  i.  piombo.  2.  scanda- 
glio.  3.  interlinea.  4.  ma- 
tita  ;  The  —  of  this  pencil 
is  broken,  Questa  matita  ha 
la  punta  rotta.  5.  Black  — , 
mistura  di  piombo  ;  Red  — , 
minio  di  piombo ;  White 
— ,  biacca. 

6.  direzione,  condotta ; 
Take  the  — ,  (a)  mettersi 
alia  testa,  comandare,  pa- 
droneggiare,  (6)  spingersi 
avanti.  7.  vantaggio;  Hold 
a  —  of  fifty  yards,  avere  un 
vantaggio  di  cinquanta  metri. 
8.  primato.  9.  at  cards, 
mano ;  To  have  the  — ,  avere 
la  mano  ;  Whose  —  is  it?  a 
chi  la  mano?  10.  guinzaglio. 
ii.  Friendly  — ,  rappresen- 
tazione  a  benefizio. 

12.  condurre,  menare,  gui- 
dare ;  Led  horse,  cavallo  a 
mano.  13.  fare,  indurre  a 
(credere).  14.  at  cards,  co- 
minciare ;  I  thought  your 
first  —  was  hearts,  credevo 
che  aveste  cominciato  con 
cori.  15.  condurre  a  mano. 
1 6.  essere  il  capo. 

Lead  about ;  condurre  qua  e 
la. 

Lead  across ;  far  traversare. 

Lead  along ;  accompagnare. 

Lead  astray;  sviare. 

Lead  away ;  condur  via. 

Lead  back ;  ricondurre. 

Lead  off;  inconunciare. 

Lead  on ;  trascinare. 

Lead  to ;  portare  a. 

Leaded;  i.  impiombato.  2.  in- 
terlineato. 

Leaden ;  di  piombo. 


LEADER— LIEUTENANT-GENERAL 


Ixvii 


Leader;    i.   capo,  conduttore. 
2.  articolo  di  fondo.    3.  (alle 
carte)  chi  e  di  mano. 
Leadership ;     condotta,    dire- 

zione. 

Leading;     i.    condotta,    dire- 
zione.     2.   che  conduce,  che 
guida,  che  mena.     3.  domi- 
nante,   principale,    primario, 
sovrastante,  primo.     4.  men 
of  light  and  — ,  gente  distinta 
ed  intelligente. 
Leading  hand ;  capo. 
Leading  question;  interroga- 

zione  suggestiva. 
Leading-rein;  corda  per  gut- 
dare  i  cavalli. 

Leading-strings;  dande. 
Lead-pencil;  matita,  lapis. 
Lead-poisoning;  colica  degli 

imbianchini. 

Leadsman ;  scandagliatore. 
Leaf;    i.  foglia  ;  Come  out  in 
— ,  metier  le  foglie.  2.  foglio ; 
Turn    over    the    leaves    of, 
sfogliettare.    3.  battente.    4. 
aggiunta.     5.  Take  a  —  out 
of  his   book,   modellarsi   su 
lui.     6.   Turn  over  a  new  — , 
svoltare  la  pagina. 
Leafage ;  fogliame. 
Leaf-bud ;  germoglio  di  foglia. 
Leaf-insect ;  fasmide. 
Leafless ;  sfrondato,  sfogliato. 
Leaflet ;  foglietto. 
Leaf-mould ;    terriccio   di   fo- 
glie. 

Leaf-stalk;  picciolo. 
Leafy;  fronzuto. 
League;  i.  lega.     2.  legarsi. 
Leak;    i.    falla,   via  d'  acqua, 
perdita,   fessura.     2.   colare, 
scappare.     3.  far  acqua ;  To 
spring  a  — •,  aprire  Una  falla. 
4.  —  out,   trapelare,   divul- 
garsi. 
Leakage ;     trapelamento,     via 

d'  acqua,  scolo,  sciupio. 
Leaky ;     che     fa     acqua,     che 

trapela,  fesso. 

Lean;  i.  magro,  smunto,  sten- 
tato,  scarno.  2.  pendere,  in- 
clinare,  piegare.  3.  appog- 
giare,  far  pendere.  4.  in- 
clinarsi,  aver  disposizione 
per. 
Leaning;  i.  pendente.  2. 

propensione. 
Leanness ;  magrezza,  estenua- 

zione. 
Leap;     i.     salto,     balzo.       2. 

saltare,  spiccare  un  salto. 
Leap-frog;  salta-montone,  sal- 

ta  la  quaglia. 

Leap-year;  anno  bisestile. 
Learn  ;    j.  imparare.      2.  sen- 
tire,  venir  a  sapere.     3.   — 
by  heart,  imparar  a  memoria. 
Learned;  dotto,  istruito. 
Learner;  principiante. 
Learning;  erudizione, dottrina. 
Lease;  i.  affitto.     2.  appigio- 
nare,    dare    in    affitto.       3. 
pigliare  in  amtto. 
Leasehold;  i .  affittanza,  affitto. 
i.  tenuto  in  affitto,  enfiteu- 
tico. 

Leaseholder ;  locatario. 
Leash;    i.  guinzaglio.      2.  as- 
sortimento  di  tre  cose. 


Least ;    minimo.      Not   in    the 
— ,    nienle   affatto.     At   — , 
almeno,  ad  ogni  modo. 
Leather;  cuoio. 
Leather  bottle ;  otre. 
Leather-dresser ;     conciatore 

di  pelli. 
Leather-seller;  pellicciaio.pel- 

laio. 
Leathery ;  come  il  cuoio,  coria- 

ceo. 

Leave ;  i.  permissione,  per- 
messo,  licenza;  Take  French 
— ,  agire  senza  permesso.  2. 
congedo.  3.  to  take  — , 
accommiatarsi.  4.  lasciare, 
abbandonare.  5.  —  about, 
lasciar  trascinare.  6.  —  off, 
cessare,  rinunciara,  smettere, 
rimanere.  7.  —  out,  soppri- 
mere,  omettere,  ttalasciare. 
8.  —  to,  lasciar  fare  a,  ri- 
mettersene  a.  9.  legare  per 
testamento,  lasciare ;  To  be 
left,  ereditare. 
Leaven  ;  lievito. 
Leavings ;  rimasugli,  avanzi. 
Lecherous;  libidinoso. 
Lecture;  i.  conferenza,  discor- 
so.  2.  sgridata,  ramanzina. 
3.  fare  una  conferenza,  dis- 
correre,  fare  un  corso  di 
conferenze,  tenere  una  con- 
ferenza. 

Lecturer;  conferenziere. 
Lectureship;  cattedra  di  con- 
ferenziere, professorate. 
Ledge ;    risalto,    sporto,    orlo, 
sponda,      strato     sporgente, 
scaffale,  catena  di  scogli. 
Ledger;  libro  mastro. 
Lee ;  sottovento. 
Lee-board;    ali   (o  scarpe)  di 

deriva. 

Leech;   i.  sanguisuga,  mignat- 
ta.     2.   medico.     3.  gratile, 
ralinga. 
Leek;  porro. 

Leer;   i.  sguardo  bieco,  occhia- 
ta.     2.   guardare  sottocchio, 
guardare  dalla  coda  dell'  oc- 
chio,  occhieggiare. 
Leery ;  scaltro. 
Lees ;  fondigliolo. 
Leeward ;  a  sottovento. 
Leeway;  deriva. 
Left ;  sinistro,  manco.  — thumb, 

pollice  della  man  sinistra. 
Left-handed;  mancino. 
Leg ;   gamba.      —  (of  beef  or 
mutton),  coscia.    —  of  lamb, 
coscetto.      —    (of   a   table) 
piede,  (of  a  stocking)  forma, 
(of    a   triangle)    lato,    (of   a 
high  boot)  tromba. 
Legacy;  legato,  lascito. 
Legal,  -ise,  -ity,  -ly;  id. 
Legate;  id. 
Legatee;  legatario. 
Legation ;  legazione. 
Legend ;  leggenda. 
Legerdemain ;  gherminella. 
Leg-guard;  gambale. 
Leggings;  ghettoni. 
Leghorn ;  Livorno. 
Legible;  leggihile. 
Legion ;  id. 

Legislate ;  far  delle  leggi. 
Legislat-ion,  -ive,  -or,  -ure; 
id. 


Legist ;  id.,  giureconsulto. 
Legitimate;  legittimo. 
Leguminous ;  id. 
Leisure ;  ozio,  agio.     At  your 

— ,  con  vostro  comodo. 
Leisurely;  tardo,  lento.     In  a 

—  fashion,  a  bell'  agio. 
Lemming;    lemmo,   specie   di 

arvicola  norvegese. 
Lemon ;  limone. 
Lemonade;  limonata. 
Lemon-coloured;  citrino. 
Lemon-juice;  sugo  di  limone. 
Lemon-scented  verbena;  er- 

ba  cedrina. 
Lemon-squeezer;  strizzalimo- 

ni. 

Lemon-tree;  cedro  limone. 
Lemur;  id.,  propiteco. 
Lend ;  prestare.    —  itself,  con- 
farsi,  adattarsi.     —  a  hand, 
dare  la  mano. 
Lender;  prestatore. 
Length ;  lunghezza,  durazipne. 
Full  —  (portrait),  in  piedi. 
At  — ,  finalmente ;  alia  lunga. 
At   full   — ,   in  tutta  la  sua 
lunghezza,  disteso.     At  some 
— ,  abbastanza  lungamente. 
He  spoke  of  it  at  great  — , 
ne   ha    parlato   per   disteso. 
To  go  to  all  — s,  far  tutto  il 
possibile. 

Lengthen ;  allungare. 
Lengthwise;  in  lungo. 
Lenient ;     indulgente,     dolce, 

mite. 

Lens;  lente. 
Lent ;  Quaresima. 
Lentil ;  lente,  lenticchia. 
Leonine ;  id. 
Leopard;  id. 
Leper;  lebbroso. 
Leprosy;  lebbra. 
Lesion ;  id. 
Less;  meno,  minore. 
Lessee ;    pigionale,    affittuario, 

locatario. 

Lessen ;  diminuire,  scemare. 
Lesser    black-backed    gull ; 

zafferano. 
Lesser    red-poll ;     organetto 

minore. 
Lesser  spotted  woodpecker; 

picchio  minore. 
Lesson;  lezione. 
Lessor;  amttatore,  locatore. 
Lest ;   per  tema  di,  per  paura 

che. 

Let;  i.  impedimento.  i.  la- 
sciare, permettere.  3.  appi- 
gionare. 

Let  alone  ;  lasciare  stare. 
Let  be ;  lasciar  in  pace. 
Let  down ;  abbassare. 
Let  fly ;  lanciare. 
Let  in;    i.   introdurre.      2.   a- 
prirc  la  porta  a,  far  entrare. 
3.  incastonare. 
Let  into;  i.  iniziare  a.     2.  pic- 

chiare  fortemente. 
Let... know;  far  sapere. 
Let  off ;   i .  scusare,  far  grazia. 

2.  tirare,  sparare.      3.   dare 
in  affitto,  subaffittare. 

Let  out;  i.  far  uscire,  lasciar 
partire.  2.  lasciare  sfuggire. 

3.  tirar  calci.     4.  —  the  fire, 
lasciare  spegnersi  il  fuoco. 

Lethal;  let-1.  . 


Lethargy;  letargo. 
Letter;  lettera,  carattere. 
Letter-box ;  buca  delle  lettere. 
Letter-case;  portafogli. 
Letter-paper ;  carta  da  lettera. 
Letterpress ;  stampato. 
Letter- writer;  epistolario. 
Lettuce;  lattuga. 
Levee;     i.     ricevimento.      i. 

diga,  argine. 

Level;  i.  a  livello,  piano.  2. 
livellare,  spianare.  3.  —  at, 
mirare,  dirigere  a.  4.  —  a 
blow,  menare  un  colpo.  5. 
—  one's  gun,  portare  il  fucile 
alia  spalla. 

Leveller;  livella-tore,  -trice. 
Lever;  leva. 
Leveret ;  leprotto. 
Leviathan;  id. 
Levigate;  id.,  stritolare. 
Levity;  leggerezza. 
Levy;   i.   levata,  leva.     2.  im- 

porre,  levare. 
Lewd ;  impudico. 
Lexicon;  lessico. 
Leyden  jar ;  bottiglia  di  Leida. 
Liability;  i.  responsabilita.    2. 
passibilita.      3.    Limited    - 
company,    societa   anonima, 
accomandita ;    With   limited 
— ,  in  accomandita. 
Liable ;  soggetto,  esposto,  re- 

sponsabile. 

Liar;  mentitore,  bugiardo. 
Libation;  id. 
Libel;     i.    libello.      2.    diffa- 

mare. 

Libellous ;  diffamatorio. 
Liberal ;  id.,  gencroso. 
Liberalise ;  render  liberate. 
Liberal-ism,  -ity;  id. 
Liberate  ;  id.,  metier  in  liberta. 
Liber-ation,  -ator;  id. 
Libert-ine,  -inism;  id. 
Liberty;    id.      At    — ,    libro. 
Take      liberties,      prendersi 
delle  confidenze. 
Libidinous ;  id. 
Librarian;  bibliotecario. 
Library;  biblioteca,  libreria. 
Licence ;     permesso,     licenza, 

autorizzazione,   patente. 
Licentiate ;  licenziato. 
Licentious;  licenzioso,  scostu- 

mato,  dissolute. 
Lichen;  lichene. 
Lick;    i.   leccare.      2.   vincere. 

3.   bastonare. 
Lictor;  littore. 
Lid ;  coperchio. 
Lie;  i.  menzogna.    2.  posatura. 
3.  men  tire.    4.  giacere,  stare, 
esser  situato. 
Lie  about ;    essere  sparso  qua 

e  la. 

Lie  to ;  esser  in  panna. 
Lie  under ;  esser  soggetto. 
Lief;   I  had  as  —  go  as  stay, 
e  tutto  uno  per  me  1'  andare 
e  lo  stare. 
Liege;  ligio. 
Liege;  Liegi. 
Lien ;  diritto  di  ritenzione. 
Lieu;  luogo. 

Lieutenant ;  luogotenente. 
Lieutenant-colonel ;    tenente 

colonnello. 

Lieutenant-general ;   tenente 
generale. 

12 


Ixviii 


LIFE— LOCKSMITH 


Life ;    vita.      For  — ,  a  vita, 

vitalizio.       To    the    — ,    al 

naturale.     Give  — ,  animare. 
Life-belt ;     cintura    di    salva- 

mento. 
Life-boat ;   battello  di   salva- 

mento. 
Life-buoy;  gavitello  di  salva- 

mento. 

Life-giving;  vivificante. 
Life-guard ;  guardia  del  corpo. 
Lifeless;  i.  esanime.    2.  senza 

spirito. 
Life-like  ;  vivente,  vivo,  pieno 

di  vita. 

Lifelong ;  per  tutta  la  vita. 
Life-preserver ;  rompitesta. 
Life-rent ;  rendita  vitalizia. 
Lifetime ;    durata    della    vita. 

In  his  — ,  nella  sua  vita. 
Lift;    i.    ascensore.     2.   rialza- 

mento,    rialzo,    inalzamento. 

3.  parte  d'  un  viaggio  per- 
corsa  in  carrozza ;  I  got  a  — 
for  part  of  the  way,  ho  in- 
contrato  qualchecluno  che  mi 
fece    satire    in   carrozza    per 
una  parte  del   mio  viaggio. 

4.  alzare,  sollevare,  esaltare. 

5.  asportare  (bestiame). 
Lifting   power;    portata  mas- 

sima. 

Ligament;  id. 

Ligature ;  allacciatura. 

Light;  i.  luce,  hime.  2.  Blue 
— s,  fuochi  di  Bengala.  3. 
Northern  — s,  aurora  boreale. 
4.  Bring  to  — ,  metier  a 
giorno  ;  Come  to  — ,  farsi 
giorno.  5.  leggiero.  6.  chi- 
aro.  7.  accendere.  8.  — 
up,  far  lume  a.  9.  —  upon, 
(a)  imbattersi  in,  (6)  posarsi 
su. 

Light-armed;  armatoalla  leg- 
giera. 

Lighten;  i.  alleggerire,  alle- 
viare.  i.  lampeggiare,  ba- 
lenare. 

Lighter;  alleggio,  chiatta. 

Lighterman ;  navalestro. 

Light-fingered;  ladronesco. 

Light-headed ;  delirante. 

Light-hearted;  allegro. 

Light-horse ;  cavalleria  leg- 
giera. 

Lighthouse ;  faro,  fanale. 

Lightning ;  baleno,  lampo. 
Summer  — ,  balenare  a  secco. 

Lightning-glance ;  sguardo 
iblgorante. 

Lightning-rod ;  parafulmine. 

Lights ;  polmoni. 

Lightsome ;  gaio. 

Ligneous;  ligneo. 

Lignum  vitae ;  legnodiguaiaco. 

Like;  i.  simile,  quale,  pari. 
i.  come,  da.  alia  maniera 
di ;  In  -  -  manner,  pari- 
menle. 

3.  piacersi  a,  gradire,  an- 
darsi  a  genio,  gustaie,  amare 
(che),  volere  ;  To  —  better, 
preferire,  amar  meglio  ;  To 
-  doing,  fare  volentieri  ; 
I  never  — d  them,  non  mi 
sono  mai  andati ;  I  like  the 
look  of  him,  e  una  persona 
che  mi  garba. 

Likelihood;  prnhabilita. 


Likely;  i.  verosimile,  proba- 
bile.  i.  gradevole.  3.  He 
would  be  —  to,  sarebbe  uomo 
da. 

Liken ;  paragonare,  comparare. 

Likeness;  i.  sembianza,  somi- 
glianza.  2.  ritratto. 

Likewise ;  parimente,  anche, 
pure,  altresi. 

Liking;  That  is  to  my  — ,  cio 
mi  va  a  genio,  cio  mi  quadra. 
Take  a  —  to,  prendere  diletto 
a,  dilettarsi  di. 

Lilac;  lilla.  Persian  — ,  lilla 
di  Persia. 

Lilliputian ;  lillipuziano. 

Lily ;  giglio,  fiordaliso.  —  of 
the  valley,  mughetto. 

Limb ;  membro. 

Limber;  i.  flessibile.  2.  avan- 
treno. 

Limbo;  i.  id.     i.  prigione. 

Lime;  i.  tiglio.  2.  calcina, 
calce ;  Quick  — ,  calcina 
viva  ;  Bird  — ,  vischio.  3. 
specie  di  limone  dolce.  4.  in- 
vischiare. 

Lime-burner;  fornaciaio. 

Lime-juice ;  acqua  di  cedro. 

Lime-kiln ;  fornace  da  calci- 
nare. 

Limestone ;  pietra  da  calce, 
alberese. 

Lime-tree;  tiglio. 

Lime-water;  acqua impregnata 
di  calce. 

Limit;  i.  limite,  termine,  con- 
fine. 2.  limitare,  ristringere. 

Limitless ;  illimitato. 

Limn ;  dipingere. 

Limoges;  Lemosi. 

Limp;  i.  floscio.    2.  zoppicare. 

Limpet ;  patella,  fissurella. 

Limpid;  id. 

Linchpin ;  acciarino. 

Line;  i.  linea.  2.  corda,  sa- 
gola.  3.  riga.  4.  In  the 
grocery  — ,  nei  generi  co- 
loniali.  5.  strada  ferrata. 
6.  lignaggio.  7.  Regiment 
of  the  — ,  reggimento  della 
fanteria.  8.  Ship  of  the  — , 
vascello  di  linea.  9.  All 
down  the  — ,  su  tutta  la 
linea. 

10.    foderare,  soppannare, 
incrostare. 

Lineage ;  casato,  lignaggio. 

Lineal ;  lineare.  A  -  -  de- 
scendant of,  un  discendente 
in  linea  retta  da. 

Line-ament,  -ar;  id. 

Linen ;  tela,  tessuto  di  lino, 
pannilini,  biancheria. 

Linen-basket ;  canestro  da 
biancheria. 

Linen  cloth  ;  tela  di  lino,  pan- 
nolino. 

Linendraper;  mercante  di  tela. 

Linen    trade ;    commercio    di 

telerie. 
Liner ;     vapore    di    una    linea, 

grande  vapore  mercantile. 
Linesman;  i.  soldato semplice. 
2.    guardiano,  casellante  (di 
strada  ferrata). 
Ling;     i.    scopa   coinune.      2. 

gado  molva. 

Linger ;  tardare,  tirare  in  lungo, 
iiulugiare,  restare  indietro. 


Lingo ;  gergo. 
Linguist ;  id. 
Liniment ;  id. 

Lining ;  fodera,  foderatura, 
soppanno. 

Link;  i.  anello.  2.  torcia, 
fiaccola.  3.  legame,  vin- 
colo.  4.  bielletta  d'  una 
macchina.  5.  unire,  legare, 
congiungere. 

Link-block ;  corsoio  del  set- 
tore. 

Link-brasses;  cuscinetti  delle 
biellette. 

Link-motion ;  settore  artico- 
lato. 

Linnet ;  fanello,  montanello. 

Linseed ;  seme  di  lino. 

Linseed  meal ;  farina  di  lino. 

Linseed  poultice ;  cataplasma 
di  seme  di  lino. 

Linsey-woolsey;  mezzalana. 

Lint;  felpa  di  lino,  pezza  di 
lino,  lino  sfilato  da  una  parte 
e  liscio  dall'  altra. 

Lintel;  architrave. 

Lion;  leone. 

Lip ;  labbro. 

Liquefy ;  liquefare,  fondere. 

Liquid,  -ate,  -ation;  id. 

Liquor;  id. 

Liquorice ;  regolizia. 

Lisp;     i.    pronunzia    bisciola. 

2.  esser  bisciolo,  pronunziare 
1'  s  come  il  Ih,  parlare  colla 
lisca. 

Lissom;  i.  pieghevole,  arren- 
devole.  2.  snello,  svelto, 
lesto. 

List;  i.  lista,  catalogo.    2.  lizza. 

3.  corda.      4.    (mar.)    falsa 
banda.     5.  cimossa,  vivagno. 
6.  registrare,  iscrivere. 

Listen ;  ascoltare,  dar  retta, 
porgere  orecchio,  stare  a 
sentire. 

Listless ;  noncurante,  trascu- 
rato,  disattento. 

Litany;  litania. 

Literal ;  letterale,  alia  lettera. 

Literary ;  letterario. 

Literature ;  letteratura. 

Litharge ;  litargirio. 

Lithe ;  snello,  lesto,  svelto. 

Lithograph;  litografia. 

Litig-ate,  -ious;  id. 

Litmus;  tornasole,  oricello. 

Litre;  litro. 

Litter;  i.  lettiga.  2.  strame, 
stramaglia,  pattume.  3.  roba 
disordinata.sparpaglio,  scom- 
piglio.  4.  figliata.  5.  spar- 
pagliare. 

Little ;  piccolo.  A  — ,  un  poco. 
His  —  ones,  i  suoi  bambini, 
o  piccoli  (se  animali).  As 
—  as  possible,  il  meno  pos- 
sibile.  —  by  — ,  a  poco  a 
poco.  Ever  so  — ,  per 
quanto  poco.  Too  — ,  trop- 
po  poco.  Is  —  better,  non 
vale  gran  che  di  piu.  A  very 
— ,  un  pochino. 

Little  bittern ;  nonnotto. 

Little  bustard ;  gallina  pra- 
taiola. 

Little  crake ;  schiribilla. 

Little  egret ;  sgarzetta. 

Littoral;  id. 

Liturgy;  id. 


Live;  i.  vivere,  dimorare,  stare 
di  casa,  menare  la  vita.  2.  — 
up  to,  vivere  conforme  a. 
3.  —  from  hand  to  mouth, 
viver  dl  per  di.  4.  —  upon, 
nutrirsi  di. 

5.    vivo,   vivente.     6.    at- 
tivo,  ardente.     7.    —  coals, 
bragia.     8.    —   wire,   lilo   a 
tensione     mortale.       9. 
stock,  bestiame. 
Livelihood  ;    vita.     Get  one's 

— ,  guadagnarsi  la  vita. 
Livelong  day ;  giornata  intera. 
Lively;  vivace,  vivo,  brioso. 
Liver;  fegato. 
Liverwort ;   i .  fegatella.     2.  v. 

Hepatica. 
Livery;  i.  livrea.     2.  — horse, 

cavallo  d'  afritto. 
Liveryman ;   elettore  del  vec- 
chio  numicipio  del  centro  di 
Londra. 

Livery-stable;  stallaggio. 
Livid;  id. 

Living;  i.  vivente.    2.  v.  Live- 
lihood.    3.   beneficio,  cura. 
Lixiviate ;  dare  la  lisciva. 
Lizard;  lucertola. 
Llama ;  lama. 
Lo  !  ecco  ! 
Loach;  cobite. 

Load ;    i .   carica,  soma,   peso, 
fardello.     2.  caricare,  ingom- 
brare.     3.    falsare  (dadi,  vi- 
no). 
Load-line ;    linea    d'    immer- 

sione  di  una  nave  carica. 
Loaf;  pane. 

Loam ;  terra  grassa,  terriccio. 
Loan  ;  prestito. 
Loath ;  avverso,  poco  disposto. 

I  am  — ,  mi  ripugna. 
Loathe ;  avere  a  scliifo. 
Loathing ;  schifo,  aborrimento. 
Loathsome ;  stomachevole. 
Lob ;     buttare,    gettare    dolce- 
mente.       (At    lawn    tennis) 
mandare  la  palla  alta. 
Lobby ;  sala  d'  aspetto,  ridotto, 

corridoio,  veslibolo. 
Lobe ;  lobo. 
Lobelia ;  id. 
Lobster ;  gambero  di  mare,  ari- 

gusla,  astice. 

Lobster-pot ;  ritrosa,  nassa. 
Lobworm ;  arenicola  marina  o 

dei  pescatori. 
Local;  id. ,  particolare. 
Local-ity,  -ise;  id. 
Locate ;  locare,  localizzare.    — 

oneself,  stabilirsi. 
Location;  sito,  posizione,  luogo, 

locazione. 
Loch ;  lago. 

Lock;  i.  toppa,  serratura. 
2.  conca,  cateratta.  3.  cioc- 
ca,  ciuffo,  fiocco.  4.  Under 
—  and  key,  sotto  chiave. 
5.  la  parte  del  fucile  che  fa 
sparare. 

6.  fermare,  o  serrare  a 
chiave.  7.  —  up,  rinchiu- 
dere.  8.  —  out,  chiudere  le 
officine. 

Locker ;  armadino,  cassone. 
Locket ;  medaglioncino. 
Lock-jaw;  tetano. 
Lock-out;  serrata. 
Locksmith ;  magnano. 


LOCOMOTION— LOVELY 


Ixix 


Locomotion ;  id, 
Locomotive ;  locomotiva. 
Locust ;  locusta,  grillo. 
Locust-tree ;  carubbo. 
Locution ;  id. 
Lode ;  vena. 
Lodestar ;  buona  Stella. 
Lodestone;  calamita,  siderite. 
Lodge;   i.  loggia  (di  frammas- 

soni).      2.    caselta.      3.   abi- 

tare,  star  di  casa,  esser  col- 

locato.      4.    alloggiare,  dare 

alloggio  a.    5.  mettere,  pian- 

tare.    6.  pernottare.     7.  col- 

locare,      deporre      (danaro). 

8.  presentare  (querela),  inter- 

porre  (appello). 
Lodger  ;    inquilino,  casigliano, 

pigionale. 

Lodging;  alloggio. 
Lodgings ;  camere  mobiliate. 
Lodging-house ;   casa  mobili- 

ata,  locanda. 
Lodging-house   keeper ;    lo- 

candiere,  affittacamere. 
Lodgment;     i.    collocamento. 

2.    alloggiamento. 
Loft;   i.  sotfitto  morto,  soffitta, 

solaio.      i.    mandare  (palla) 

in  aria. 

Lofty ;  altiero,  superbo,  alto. 
Log;  i.  ceppo,  toppo.     2-  sol- 

cometro,  loche.     3.   v.  Log- 
book. 

Logarithm ;  logaritmo. 
Log-book ;  libro  di  bordo. 
Loggerhead;     i.     minchione, 

balordo.     i.    Come  to   — s, 

venire    in    disaccordo,    gua- 

starsi. 
Log-house ;  capanna  di  tronchi 

d'  alberi. 
Logic ;  logica. 
Log-line ;     sagola    del    solco- 

metro. 

Logomachy ;  iJ. 
Logwood ;  campeggio. 
Loin ;  lombata. 
Loins;  lombi,  reni. 
Loin-cloth ;   perizoma,  cintura 

di  tela,  fiiscia  di  tela  intorno 

alle  reni. 
Loiter;    gingillare,    andare    a 

zonzo,  andar  per  le  lunghe, 

strascicarsi,  star  bighelloni. 
Loiterer ;    tentennone,   gingil- 

lone,  perdigiorno,  neghittoso. 
Loll ;     i.    sdraiarsi,    coricarsi, 

appoggiarsi.      i.    penzolare, 

lasciar  penzolare  (la  lingua). 
Lollipop ;  chicca,  confelto. 
Lombardy  poplar;  pioppo  ci- 

pressino. 

Londoner;  londinese. 
London  pride;  sassifragia  om- 

brosa. 
Lone,    Lonely,    Lonesome ; 

solo,  solitario,  desulato. 
Long;    i.  lungo ;  Twenty  feet 

—  by   sixteen    wide,    lungo 
venti  piedi  e  largo  sedici ;  A 

—  time,  un  pezzo ;    In   the 

—  run,  a  lungo  andare ;  — 
after,    lungo    tempo    dopo ; 

—  "gQj    g'^    lungo    tempo, 
lungo    tempo    fa  ;    Not    — 
l«fore,    non    molto    prima ; 
Ere  — ,  in  breve,  fra  poco ; 
As  —  as  this  sort  of  thing 
goes  on,  tinche  dura  quesio 


modo   di   agire,    o   di   fare ; 

All  day  — ,  tutto  il  giorno  ; 

—  drawn  out,  molto  prolun- 

gato. 

i.  desiderare  ardentemente, 

agognare,  aver  gran  voglia, 

parer  mille  anni,  non  veder 

1'  ora,  struggersi  di ;  I  —  to 

see  him,  non  vedo  1"  ora  di 

vederlo ;    I   —  to   see    him 

back  again,  mi  par  mill'  anni 

che  torni. 

Long-boat ;  scialuppa. 
Long-bow;    arco.      To   draw 

the  — ,  sballarne  delle  grosse. 
Long  dozen ;  tredici. 
Long-eared  owl;  gufo. 
Longevity ;  id. 
Long-fingered;  ladronesco. 
Long-firm    fraud;    frode   con 

informazioni  falsificate. 
Longhand ;     scrittura    ordina- 

ria. 
Long-headed;  i.  dolicocefalo. 

i.  astuto. 
Longing;  i.  smania,  bramosia. 

i.  desiderosissimo. 
Longitude ;  iJ. 
Long-legged ;     dalle    gambe 

lunghe. 

Long-lived ;  longevo. 
Long-sighted ;  che  ha  la  vista 

lunga. 
Longsuffering ;  paziente,  lon- 

ganime. 

Long-tongued;  linguacciuto. 
Longways ;  pel  lungo. 
Long-winded;   lungo,  noioso, 

tedioso,  fastidioso. 
Loo;  giuoco  di  "mouche." 
Looby ;  balordo,  goffb. 
Look;   i.  sguardo,  occhiata.    2. 

aspetto.      3.   — !  ecco  !      4. 

By  the  —  of  things,   a  cio 

che  pare ;  I  don't  like  the  — 

of  it,  per  cio  che  pare,  non 

mi  piace. 

5.    vedere,   guardare.      6. 

aspettarsi.      7.  parere,  sem- 

brare,  aver  aspetto  di,  aver 

1'  aria  di. 
Look  about  one ;  stare  all'  er- 

ta. 
Look    after ;    badare    a,   aver 

cum  di. 
Look  alive;  sbrigarsi,  spicciar- 

si. 
Look  at ;  mirare,  fissare,  dare 

un'  occhiata  a. 
Look  away;  stornare  o  sviare 

1'  occhio. 
Look    back    upon ;    riflettere 

sopra. 
Look  big ;    braveggiare,  pavo- 

neggiarsi. 
Look  down ;  abbassare  gli  oc- 

chi. 
Look  down   upon ;    avere   a 

sdegno,  guardare   con   isde- 

gno. 
Look  for;    i.  cercare.     2.  as- 

pettare. 
Look  forward;   i.  esser  previ- 

dente.    ^.  —  —  to,  aspettare 

con  piacere. 
Look  in;   i.  mettere  1'  occhio 

in.     i.  far  visita. 
Look  in  upon ;  dare  una  capa- 

tina    in,    fare    una    piccola 

visita  a. 


Look  into;  i.  v.  Look  in.  t. 
esaminare,  fare  inchiesta  in. 

Look  like  ;  rassomigliare,  pren- 
dere  aspetto  di.  It  looks 
like  rain,  par  che  debba 
piovere. 

Look  on ;  considerare,  assis- 
tere  a. 

Look  out ;  i .  badare,  fare 
attenzione,  stare  attento  o  in 
guardia.  2.  scegliere.  3. 
—  for,  stare  in  attesa  per, 
attendersi  a,  guardare  di.  4. 
poor ,  prospettiva  trista. 

Look-out ;  aspetto  (al  nord,  a 
mezzogiorno). 

Look-out  man ;  vedetta. 

Look-out  tower ;  belvedere. 

Look  over;  i.  ripassare,  esa- 
minare. 2.  correggere.  3. 
perdonare,  chiudere  gli  occhi 
sopra. 

Look  sharp ;  v.  Look  alive. 

Look  sharply  after ;  stare  alle 
costole  di. 

Look  through ;  percorrere, 
scorrere,  dare  una  scorsa  a. 

Look  to;  i.  aver  1'  occhio  a, 
fare  attenzione  a.  2.  fare 
assignamento  su,  mettere  le 

speranze  in.  3. getting, 

aspettarsi.  4.  guardare  verso. 

Look  up;  i.  alzar  la  testa, 
alzarsi.  2.  visitare,  venire  a 
vedere. 

Look  up  to  ;  rispettare,  riguar- 
dare  con  rispetto,  ammirare. 

Looker  on  ;  spettatore,  astante, 
assistente. 

Looking-glass ;  specchio. 

Loom;  i.  telaio.  t.  apparire 
in  lontananza,  mostrarsi  in- 
distintamente. 

Loon;  i.  birbante.  i.  smergo, 
marangone. 

Loop;  i.  cappio,  cappietto, 
alamaro,  doppino,  ripiega- 
tuira,  laccio,  raddoppiatura. 
2.  —  up,  aggruppare,  allac- 
ciare,  rannodare. 

Loophole;  i.  feritoia.  2. 
rigiro,  sotterfugio,  scappa- 
toia. 

Loose;  i.  sciolto, libero,  molle, 
rilasciato,  slacciato,  mal  riu- 
nito,  poco  solido.  2.  largo, 
ampio.  3.  vago,  sconclusio- 
nato,  slombato,  poco  esatto. 
4.  rilassato.  5.  Break  — , 
staccarsi,  scatenarsi,  slegarsi, 
sottrarsi.  6.  Come  — ,  dis- 
farsi.  7.  Let  — ,  scatenare, 
slegare,  snodare,  sguinzagli- 
are,  lasciar  andare,  liberare. 

Loosely;  i.  lento  (aw.),  rila- 
sciatamente,  non  stretta- 
mente.  i.  vagamente,  in 
modo  sconclusionato. 

Loosen ;  sciogliere,  rilassare, 
disserrare,  rallentare.  V. 
Loose  (7). 

Looseness;  i.  rilassatezza, 
poca  solidita,  scioltezza.  2. 
ampiezza,  larghezza.  3.  flus- 
so.  4.  libertinaggio. 

Loosening;  allentamento. 

Loosestrife ;  lisimachia. 

Lop;  diramare,  scapezzare. 

Lop-eared;  che  ha  gli  orecchi 
penzolom. 


Lop-sided ;  di  fianco  falso.  Be 
— ,  aver  falsabanda. 

Loquacious;  loquace. 

Loquacity ;  id. ,  parlantina. 

Lord;  i.  padrone.  2.  lord, 
signore.  3.  To  —  it,  si- 
gnoreggiare,  tiranneggiare. 
4.  House  of  — s,  Camera  dei 
lordi. 

Lord  chamberlain;  granciam- 
bellano. 

Lord  chancellor ;  gran  cancel- 
Here. 

Lord  chief  justice;  il  piii  alto 
magistrate. 

Lord  lieutenant;  i.  governa- 
tore  d'  una  contea.  2.  vice- 
re  d'  Irlanda. 

Lord  mayor;  sindaco. 

Lord's  prayer ;  paternostro. 

Lord's  Supper;  il  Santissimo 
Sacramento,  la  Sacra  Cena. 

Lordliness ;  sfarzo,  fastosita, 
splendore  da  gran  signore. 

Lordling ;  signorotto,  milordi- 
no. 

Lordly ;  signorile,  da  gran  si- 
gnore, suntuoso. 

Lords-and-ladies;  erba  saetta. 

Lordship;  i.  signoria.  i. 
dominio. 

Lore ;  scienza,  erudizione. 

Lorgnette;  binocolo. 

Lorry ;  carro  senza  sponde, 
carromatto. 

Lory;  lori. 

Lose;  i,  perdere.  — ground, 
indietreggiare,  perder  terre- 
no.  —  oneself,  smarrire  la 
via.  2.  scapitare. 

Loss ;  perdita,  danno,  pregiu- 
dizio.  Be  at  a  — ,  non  saper 
che  fare. 

Lot ;  i.  sorte,  fortuna.  2. 
porzione.  3.  quantita,  gran 
copia. 

Lotion;  lozione. 

Lottery ;  lotto,  lotteria,  riffa. 

Lotus;  loto. 

Loud;   i.  alto,  forte,  rumoroso. 

2.  chiassoso,  vistoso. 
Louis     d'or ;     marengo,    luigi 

d'  oro. 

Louisiana ;  Luigiana. 

Lounge ;  andare  a  zonzo,  pas- 
seggiare  alia  stracca. 

Lounger ;  infingardo,  perdi- 
giorno. 

Louse ;  pidocchio. 

Lousewort;  pedicolare. 

Lout ;  zoticone,  omaccione. 

Louvain ;  Lovanio. 

Louvre;  abbaino. 

Lovable;  amabile. 

Lovage ;  levistico. 

Love ;    i.    amore.      2.    amare. 

3.  Fall  in  — ,   invaghirsi  o 
innamorarsi   di ;    Make   — , 
amoreggiare,  vezzeggiare.    4. 
Play    for    — ,   giuocare   per 
chiasso. 

Love  affair;  amorazzo. 
Love-in-a-mist;  scapigliata. 
Love-letter;  biglietto  amoroso. 
Love-lies-bleeding;  amaran- 

to. 
Loveliness ;    incanlo,   bellezza 

incomparabile. 
Lovelock ;  ciuft'etto. 
Lovely;  bellisbimo. 


Ixx 


LOVE-MATCH—MALPRACTICE 


Love-match ;  matrinionio  d'  a- 

more. 

Love-sick;  ammalato d'amore. 
Loving;  affezionato. 
Low;    i.    basso,      2.    abbietto, 

vile.     3.  scollato.     4.    mug- 

gire. 

Low-born;  d' origine  bassa. 
Lower;   i.  inferiore.    2.  abbas- 

sare,    scemare.      3.    ainmai- 

nare.     4.  rannuvolarsi,  oscu- 

rarsi. 

Lowland ;  terreno  basso. 
Lowly;  umile. 
Low-spirited;   abbattuto,  pu- 

sillanime,  scoraggiato. 
Loyal ;  fidele,  leale. 
Loyalist ;  partigiano  del  re. 
Lozenge;    i.    rorabo,   losanga. 

2.  pastiglia. 

Lubber ;  tanghero,  goffone. 
Lubeck  ;  Lubecca. 
Lubricate  ;  lubrificare. 
Lucerne  ;  erba  medica. 
Lucid ;  id. 
Lucifer ;  fiammifero. 
Luck ;  ventura,  fortuna. 
Luckless  ;  sfortunato. 


Lucky;  fortunate. 

Lucrative ;  lucroso. 

Lucubration ;  elucubrazione. 

Ludicrous ;  diverlente,  ride- 
vole,  risibile. 

Luff;  orzare. 

Lug;  strascinare. 

Luggage ;  bagaglio. 

Luggage  train  ;  treno  merci. 

Lugger;  lugre. 

Lugubrious;  lugubre. 

Lukewarm ;  tiepido. 

Lull;  i.  bonaccia.     i,  calmarsi. 

Lull  to  sleep ;  addormentare. 

Lumbago;  lombaggine. 

Lumber;  r.  sgombri,  roba 
inutile.  2.  ingombrare. 

Lumberer ;  boscaioio  (in 
America). 

Lumbering;  pesante,  ingom- 
brante. 

Lumber-room  ;  soffitta  per  gli 
sgombri,  palco  morto. 

Luminary;  luminare. 

Luminous;  id. 

Lump;  j.  massa,  pezzo.  In 
the  — ,  all'  ingrosso,  in  bloc- 
co.  2.  prendere  in  blocco. 


Lump-fish ;  cicloptero. 
Lump     sugar ;      zucchero     in 

pezzi. 

Lumpy ;  grumoso. 
Lunacy;  pazzia. 
Lunar ;  id. 

Lunatic;  pazzo,  matto. 
Lunatic  asylum  ;  nmnicomio. 
Lunch;  i.  colazione,  mangiare. 

1.  far  colazione. 
Lunette;  lunetta. 
Lung ;  polmone. 

Lunge;  i.  botta.  2.  portare 
una  botta. 

Lunging-rein ;  lunga. 

Lungwort ;  polmonaria. 

Lupine ;  lupino. 

Lurch  ;  i.  colpo  di  rullio,  guiz- 
zata,  traballone,  ribaltone, 
rollata,  sbandala,  straorzata. 

2.  leave  in  the  — ,  lasciare 
in  asso,   piantare. 

Lurcher;  levriere  incrociato. 

Lure ;  v.  Decoy. 

Lurid;  fosco. 

Lurk;   nascondersi,  appiattarsi, 

stare  nascosto. 
Lurking-place ;  nascondiglio. 


Luscious ;  melato,  sdolcinato. 
Lush ;  i .  sugoso,  fresco.   2.  sbe- 

vaechiare. 
Lust;  i.  concupiscenza.     2.  vo- 

glia  peccaminosa.   3.  —  after, 

agognare,  bramare. 
Lustful ;  libidinoso. 
Lustre  ;  lustro,  splendore. 
Lustrous;  lucente. 
Lusty ;  robusto,  gagliardo. 
Lute;  liuto. 
Lutheran ;  luterano. 
Luxation ;     lussazione,    sloga- 

mento. 
Luxuriance ;    soverchio    rigo- 

glio. 
Luxuriant ;    rigoglioso,  esube- 

rante. 

Luxury ;  lusso,  sontuosita. 
Lyceum ;  liceo. 
Lye  ;  ranno,  lisciva,  bucato. 
Lying;  bugiardo,  menzognero. 
Lying-in ;  parto. 
Lymph ;  linfa. 
Lynch ;  linciare. 
Lynch  law ;  linciaggio. 
Lynx ;  lince. 
Lyre ;  lira. 


M 


Macadam ;  id. 

Macadamise;  macadam izzare. 
Macaroni;  maccheioni. 
Macaroon;  amaretto. 
Macaw;  macao,  arara. 
Mace;   i.  mazza.     2.  mace. 
Mace-bearer;  mazziere. 
Macerate  ;  macerare. 
Machination;  macchinazione. 
Machine;  macchina. 
Machinery;     i.    meccanismo. 

2.    apparecchi,  macchine. 
Mackerel;  scombro,maccarello. 
Mackintosh;       impermeabile, 

abito  gommato. 
Macula;  macchia. 
Mad;  i.  matto,  pazzo;  Drive 

— ,  far  impazzire.     2.  arrab- 

biato,  forsennato,  slizzito. 
Madder;  robbia. 
Madhouse ;  manicomio. 
Madrepore;  id. 
Madrigal;  id. 
Magazine;  i.  magazzino,  fon- 

daco.     2.   rivista.     3.   Santa 

Barbara. 

Magdalen;  meretrice  pentita. 
Magenta;  id. ,  rosanilina. 
Maggot;    baco,    bruco,     mar- 

meggia. 

Maggoty;  bacato. 
Magic;  i.  magico.     2.  magica, 

incanto. 

Magician;  mago,  stregone. 
Magisterial;  magistrale. 
Magistracy;  magistrate. 
Magistrate ;      giudice,     magi- 
strate. 

Magna-charta;  magna  carta. 
Magnanimous;  magnanimo. 
M  agnate ;  id. ,  pezzo  grosso. 
Magnesia;  id. 
Magnet;    calamita,    ago    ma- 

gnetico. 

Magnetise;  id. 
Magnificent;  id.,  stupendo. 


Magnify;     i.    ingrandire.      2. 

magnificare. 

Magnifying-glass;  lente. 
Magnitude;  grandezza. 
Magpie ;  gazza. 
Mahdi;  maddl. 
Mahlstick;  bacchetta. 
Mahogany;  magogano. 
Mahometan;  maomettano. 
Mahratta;  maratto. 
Maid;     i.    serva.       2.    zitella. 

3.  —  of-all-work,  fasservizio. 

4.  —  of  honour,  damigella 
d'  onore.     5.  —  of  Orleans, 
Pulcella  d'  Orleans.     6.  Old 
— ,  zitellona. 

Maiden;  vergine. 

Maidenhair;  capelvenere. 

Maidenhead,  Maidenhood; 
verginita. 

Maidenly;  modesto,  verginale. 

Maidservant;  serva,  fante. 

Mail;  i.  maglia  (di  ferro)  ; 
Coat  of  — ,  corazza  a  squame. 
2.  valigia  postale,  corriere 
postale,  ordinario  postale ; 
Indian  — ,  valigia  delle  In- 
die ;  By  next  — ,  col  primo 
corriere.  3.  spedire. 

Mail  train ;  treno  postale. 

Maim ;  storpiare. 

Main;  i.  principale,  primo, 
essenziale ;  In  the  — ,  in 
fondo  in  fondo,  in  sostanza ; 
By  —  force,  a  viva  forza. 

2.  tubo  principale  (del  gas). 

3.  alto  mare. 
Main  body;  grosso. 
Mainland;   terra  ferma,  conti- 

nente. 
Mainly;  principalmente,  per  la 

piii  parte. 

Main-mast;  albero  maestro. 
M  ainsail ;  vela  maestra. 
Mainspring;  molla  principale. 
Mainstay;  straglio  di  maestra. 


Maintain ;     mantenere,    soste- 

nere. 
Maintenance;   mantenimento, 

sostentamento,  vitto. 
Main-top  ;   cofta  di  maestra. 
Main-yard;    pennone  di  mae- 
stra. 
Maize  ;  gran  turco,  grano  sara- 

ceno. 

Majesty;  maesta. 
Major;  maggiore,  superiore. 
Majordomo;  maggiordomo. 
Majority;    i.    maggioranza,  di 

piii.     2.  i  piii.     3.  grado  di 

maggiore.      4.    eta   maggio- 

renne. 
Make;   i.  fare.     2.  costringere. 

3.  rendere. 
Make   against;    esser   contra  - 

rio  a. 

Make  ashamed;  fare  arrossire. 
Make  as  if;  fingere. 
Make  at;  dare  addosso  a. 
Make  away  with  ;  fare  sparire. 
Make  believe;  far  sembiante. 
Make  fast ;  dar  volta  ferma. 
Make  a  fool  of;  burlarsi  di. 
Make    for;      r.     favoreggiare. 

2.    dirigersi  verso. 
Make  free  with ;  appropriarsi 

senz'  altro,  senza  cerimonie. 
Make    good ;     i.    giustificarc. 

2.    risarcire.     3.    riparare. 
Make    known    to;    avvertire, 

notificare. 
Make  much  of;  i.  vezzeggiare, 

tener  gran  conto  di.     2.  Not 

to  make  much  of,  intender- 

sene  poco  ;  He  did  not  make 

much  of  it,  non  gli  e  riuscito 

bene. 

Make  off;  svignarsela. 
Make  out;    i.    dare  ad  inten- 

dere,   voler  far  credere.     2. 

scoprire  il  senso  di.     3.  dis- 

tinguere. 


Makeover;  trasferire. 

Make  shift   with;  contentarsi 

di. 
Makeshift ;  espediente,  ripiego, 

mezzo     termine,     ingegnarsi 

alia  meglio. 

Make  towards  ;  dirigersi  verso. 
Make  up;    i.    metter  insieme, 

confezionare.     2.    avvolgere. 

3.  regolare  (conti).     4.  risar- 
cire.     5.     riparare    (errore). 

6.    comporre  (lite).     7.    im- 

paginare.     8.    inventare. 
Make-up ;    travestimento,    ca- 

muffarsi. 
Make   up   to ;    j.    corteggiare. 

2.   compensare. 
Make-weight;  aggiunta,  com- 

plemento. 
Making;  fattura. 
Maladministration  ;    mal  go- 

verno. 

Malady;  malattia. 
Malapert;  impudente,  malcre- 

ato. 

Malaria;  id. 
Malcontent;  id. 
Male;  maschio,  maschile. 
Malediction ;  maledizione. 
Malefactor;  malfattore. 
Maleficent ;  malefico. 
Malevolent;  malevolo. 
Malfeasance;  atto  indebito. 
Malformation;  deformita. 
Malice;    malignita,    cattiveria, 

malizia. 
Malign;    i.    nocivo.     2.    difla- 

mare. 

M  allard ;  germane. 
Malleable;  id. 
Mallet;  maglio,  mazzapicchio. 
Mallow;  malva. 
Malmsey;  malvasia. 
Malpractice;    i.  furberia,  cat- 

tiva  condotta,  truffa.    2.  cura 

nociva  ad  un  malato. 


MALT— MATERNAL 


Ixxi 


Malt;    i.   malto.     2.  ridurre  a 

malto. 

Maltreat;  maltrattare. 
Malversation ;  id. 
Mameluke;  mammalucco. 
Mamma;  id. 
Mammal;  mammifero. 
Mammoth;  mammut. 
Man;  i.  uomo.    2.  at  draughts, 

or  backgammon,  pedina.     3. 

To   a   — ,    sino   all'   ultimo. 

4.    fornire   di   uomini,   equi- 

paggiare. 

Manacle;  incatenare. 
Manacles;  catene,  manette. 
Manage;  i.  condurre,  dirigere, 

governare,   menare,    maneg- 

giare,    amministrare,   gerire, 

reggere,  ordinare.  i.  domare, 

ammaestrare    (cavallo).       3. 

manovrare     (bastimento,     o 

macchina).    4.  venire  a  capo 

di,  riuscire,  pervenire  a,  tro- 

vare  il  mezzo  di.    5.  To  know 

how  to  — ,  sapere  prendere, 

saper  fare. 
Manageable ;    trattabile,    ma- 

neggevole,  docile. 
Management;  maneggio,  am- 

ministrazione,  condotta,  dire- 

zione,  gestione. 
Manager ;    gerente,    economo, 

massaio,  direttore. 
Mandarin;  id.   — orange  tree, 

arancio  mandarine. 
Mandate;  mandato. 
Mandatory;  mandatario. 
Mandible  ;  mandibula. 
Mandoline;  mandolino. 
Mandrake ;  mandragora. 
Mandrel;  coppaia. 
Mandrill ;  id. 
Mane;  criniera,  giubba. 
Manful ;  bravo,  virile. 
Manganese ;  id. 
Mange;  rogna. 
Manger;   greppia,  mangiatoia, 

presepio. 
Mangle ;      i.      mangano.       i. 

manganare,    cilindrare.       3. 

stracciare,    sbranare,    squar- 

ciare. 

Mango ;  manga. 
Mango  tree ;  mangifera. 
Mangold-wurzel ;     specie    di 

barbabietola  gialla. 
Mangosteen ;  mangostan. 
Mangrove ;  albero  da  ostrache. 
Mangy ;  rognoso. 
Manhood;  virilita. 
Mania,  Maniac;  id. 
Manifest;  id. 
Manifesto ;  id. 
Manifold ;     parecchi,    diversi, 

molteplice. 
Manikin;   i .  nano,  omiciattolo. 

2.  manichino. 
Manioc ;  id. 
Maniple  ;  manipolo. 
Manipulate ;  manipolare. 
Mankind;  gli  uomini. 
Manliness ;    virilita,   coraggio 

virile. 

Manna;  id. 
Manna  ash  ;  orno. 
Manner ;  maniera,  guisa,  por- 
tamento;   Good  — s,   buona 
creanza ;    In    like   — ,    pari- 
mente ;    All   —   of  people, 
ogni  sorta  di  gente. 


Mannered  ;  manierato. 
Mannerism;  stile lezioso, lezio- 

saggine. 
Mannerliness;  buone  maniere, 

garbatezza,  buona  creanza. 
Mannish ;  da  uomo. 
Manoeuvre;    i.    manovra.     2. 

manovrare. 
Manometer ;  id. 
Manor;  feudo. 
Manor-house  ;    casa  signorile 

antica. 
Manorial  rights ;    diritti  feu- 

dali. 
Manse ;    casa    parrocchiale    in 

Iscozia. 

Manservant;  servo. 
Mansion  ;  casa  signorile. 
Mansion-house;    palazzo  del 

sindaco. 
Manslaughter  ;   omicidio  non 

premeditate. 
Mantelpiece ;  caminetto,  fron- 

tale  di  caminetto. 
Mantilla;  mantiglia. 
Mantle;    i.    mantello.     2.    ve- 

lare. 

Mantle-maker;  sarta. 
Manual ;  manuale,  libretto. 
Manufactory;  fabbrica. 
Manufacture;  i.  fabbricazione, 

manifattura.     2.  fabbricare. 
Manumission ;  id. 
Manure;  ingrasso,  concime. 
Manuscript;  manoscritto. 
Manx;  dell'  isola  di  Man. 
Many;    i.    molto ;    —  a  man, 

piii  d'  un  uomo ;    Good  — , 

parecchi ;  Great  — ,  moltissi- 

mi ;  Twice  as  — ,  due  volte 

piu.      i.    As  —  as,   quanto. 

3.    How    — ?    quanti?      4. 

Not  so  — ,  non  molti.    5.  So 

— ,  tanti.  6.  Too  — ,  troppi. 
Many-coloured;  multicolore. 
Many-sided;  istruito  o  inte- 

ressato  in  cose  ben  diverse. 
Map;    i.   carta  ;   Skeleton  — , 

carta  muta  ;  —  of  the  world, 

mappamondo.     2.  delineare, 

tracciare  il  piano  o  il   corso 

di. 

Maple ;  acero. 
Map-seller;  negoziantedi carte 

geografiche. 
Mar;   guastare,   sconciare,  tur- 

bare. 

Marabou;  marabu. 
Marauder ;    ladro    campestre, 

predone,  saccheggiatore. 
Marble;     i.   marmo.      2.  mar- 

morizeare. 

Marble-worker;  marmista. 
March;   i.  marzo.     2.  marcia. 

3.  confine. 

Marchioness ;  marchesa. 
Marchpane;  marzapane. 
Mare;  ca valla. 
Mare's  nest ;  favola  senza  so- 

stanza.     It  turned  out  to  be 

a ,  e  finito  come  una 

holla  di  sapone. 
Mare's-tail;    coda   di   cavallo 

comune. 

Margarine ;  id. 
Margin;  id.,  orlo. 
Margrave;  margnivio. 
Marine;    i.  id.     2.  soldato  di 

marina. 
Mariner;  marinaio. 


Marionette;  id. 
Marital;  id. 
Maritime;  marittimo. 
Marjoram ;  maggiorana,  origa- 

no. 
Mark;   i.  segno,  marchio,  im- 

pronta,  traccia.     i.  segnale, 

indizio.     3.  bersaglio,  broc- 

co,    mira.      4.     punto.       5. 

marco.    6.  marcare,  segnare, 

marchiare.        7.      osservare, 

prender  nota  di. 
Mark  off;  segnare. 
Mark  out ;  delimitate. 
Marked  ;  accentuate.    —  man, 

uomo  sotto  vigilanza,  veduto 

di  mal'  occhio. 
Markedly ;  specialmente,  note- 

volmente,  spiccatamente. 
Marker;  i.  segno.  2.  segnatore. 
Market;    i.    mercato,   piazza; 

—    price,    prezzo    corrente. 

1.  sfogo,   esito.      3.    far  le 
spese.     4.  esitare,  spacciare. 

Marketable;  esitabile. 
Market-day;    giorno   di   mer- 
cato. 
Market-garden  ;    terreno  col- 

tivato  a  ortaggi. 
Market-gardener;  ortolano. 
Market-gardening;     coltiva- 

zione  degli  ortaggi. 
Market-place;  piazza. 
Market-town  ;   borgo,   piccola 

citta. 

Market-woman;  piazzaiuola. 
Marksman ;  tiratore. 
Marksmanship;  abilitaal  tiro. 
Marl;  marga,  marna. 
Marlinspike  ;    caviglia  da  im- 

piombare. 

Marlpit ;  marniera. 
Marmalade ;  marmellata. 
Marmot ;  marmotta. 
Marmoset;  uistiti. 
Maroon;   i.  color  marrone.     2. 

negro  fuggitivo.    3.  abbando- 

nare  su  una  spiaggia  deserta. 
Marplot;  imbroglione. 
Marque;  Letter  of — ,  lettera 

di  marco,  patente  di  corso. 
Marquee ;  tendone. 
Marquetry;  intarsiatura. 
Marquis;  marchese. 
Marriage ;  matrimonio,  nozze, 

sposalizio.     As  a  —  portion, 

in  dote. 

Marriageable;  nubile. 
Married   (man)  ;    ammogliato, 

(woman)  maritata. 
Marrow;   i.  midolla,  midollo. 

2.  Vegetable   — ,   specie  di 
zucca. 

Marrow-bone  ;  osso  midollo- 
so. 

Marry;  r.  maritare,  dar  marito 
a,  accasare,  ammogliare,  dar 
moglie  a,  sposare.  2.  Ge- 
summaria  ! 

Marsala;  id. 

Marsh;  pantano,  palude. 

Marshal;  i.  maresciallo.  2. 
schierare. 

Marsh-harrier ;  falco  di  pa- 
lude. 

Marsh-mallow;  bismalva. 

Marsupial;  id. 

Mart ;  fiera,  emporio,  deposito. 

Marten ;  martora. 

Martial;  mn'/iale. 


Martin  ;  rondine  cittadina,  ba- 
lestruccio. 

Martinet;  ufficiale  rigorista. 

Martingale;  martingala. 

Martinmas;  il  San  Martino. 

Martyr;  i.  martire.  2.  mar- 
tirizzare. 

Martyrdom ;  martirio. 

Marvel;  meraviglia. 

Masculine ;  mascolino. 

Mash;  j.  mescuglio,  mesco- 
lanza.  2.  mescolare,  pestare. 

Masher;  zerbinotto. 

Mask;  maschera. 

Mason;  muratore. 

Masquerade;  mascherata. 

Masquerader;  chi  porta  ma- 
schera. 

Mass;  i.  massa,  ammasso.  2. 
messa ;  High  — ,  messa 
grande. 

Massacre;  i.  macello,  strage. 
2.  massacrare. 

Mass-book;  messale. 

Masseur;  chi  fa  il  massaggio. 

Massive ;  massicio,  solido. 

Mast;  i.  albero.  2.  Beech 
— ,  faggiuola. 

Master;  i.  maestro,  capo,  pa- 
drone, signore,  direttore.  2. 
domare,  superare,  sormon- 
tare,  sopraffare,  sottomettere, 
impadronirsi  di,  esser  al  fatto 
di,  addentrarsi. 

Master-builder;  capo  maestro. 

Masterful ;  imperioso,  impo- 
nente,  padroneggiante. 

Master-hand;  mano  maestra. 

Master-key;  passapertutto, 
chiave  comune. 

Masterly;  maestrevole. 

Masterpiece ;  capolavoro. 

Mastership ;  posto  di  maestro 
in  una  scuola. 

Mastery;  maestria, padronanza. 
Get  the  —  of,  rendersi  mae- 
stro di,   otlenere   il   soprav- 
vento,  vincer  la  mano  a. 
(of  a  subject),  possesso. 

Mastic;  mastico,  lentischio. 

Masticate;  id. 

Mastiff;  mastino. 

Mastless;  senz' albero. 

Mat;  i.  stuoia,  stoino,  zerbino. 
2.  intrecciare. 

Matador;  mattadore. 

Match;  i.  simile,  uguale.  2. 
partito,  matrimonio.  3. 
nammifero,zolfanello,cerino. 
4.  miccia.  5.  partita,  lotta. 

6.  Be  a  —  for,  far  fronte  a. 

7.  pareggiare,    accoppiare, 
appaiare. 

Match-box  ;  scatola  da  zolfa- 
nelli. 

Match-holder;  portanammi- 
feri. 

Matchless;  impareggiabile. 

Matchlock;  fucile  a  miccia. 

Matchmaker;  mezzano  di  ma- 
trimonii. 

Mate;  i.  consorte,  camerata. 
2.  scacco  matto.  3.  assis- 
tente,  secondo  di  bordo, 
scrivano.  4.  pareggiare, 
unire.  5.  dare  scacco  matto, 
mattare. 

Material;  id.,  materia  prima. 

Materialise,  Materialism;  id. 

Maternal;  materno. 


Ixxii 


MAT   GRASS— MIDWIFERY 


Mat  grass;  fieno  de'  monti. 
Mathematics ;  matematica. 
Matins;  mattutino. 
Matricide;  id. 
Matriculate;  matricolare. 
Matrimony;  id. 
Matrix;  matrice. 
Matron;  id. 
Matted;  appiccicato,  intreccia- 

to. 
Matter;   i.  materia,  roba.      2. 

faccenda,  cosa.     3.  soggetto. 

4.   marcia.     5.   Small  — ,  un 

niente.      6.    For  the   —  of 

that,  quanto  a  codesto,   per 

dire  il   vero.       7.    There   is 

something  the  — ,  c'  e  qualche 

cosa.     8.    What  is  the  —  ? 

gosa  c'  e  ?  che  avete  ?   What 

the  matter  is,  cio  che  c'  e. 

9.  importare. 
Mattery;  inarcioso. 
Mattock;     zappone,     bidente, 

marrone. 
Mattress;    materassa.      Straw 

— ,      pagliericcio,     saccone. 

Spring  — ,  saccone  elastico. 
Mattress-maker;  materassaio. 
Mature ;  id. 

Matweed;  sparto  pungente. 
Maudlin;  i.  lagrimante.    2.  al- 

ticcio,  semiubbriaco. 
Maul;  malmenare,  tartassare. 
Maunder;  borbottare. 
Mausoleum ;  id. 
Mauve;  color  malva. 
Maw ;  stomaco,  gozzo. 
Mawkish;    sdolcinato,  scipito, 

stomachevole.  • 
Maxillary;  mascellare. 
Maxim;  massima,  sentenza. 
Maximum;  massimo. 
May;    i.    maggio.     2.    bianco- 

spino.      3.    esser   permesso. 

4.    —   be,    puo   darsi,   sara, 

forse. 

May-bug;  melolonta. 
May-fly;  effimera. 
Mayonnaise;  maionese. 
Mayor;  sindaco. 
Mayoralty;  sindacato. 
May-pole;  main. 
Mayweed;  cotula. 
Maze;    i.    laberinto.     2.    ver- 

tigine,  perplessita. 
Mazy ;  imbrogliato. 
Mead ;  idromele. 
Meadow;  prato. 
Meadow-grass;  spannocchina. 
Meadow-pipit;  pispola. 
Meadow-sweet;     regina    de1 

prati,  olmaria. 
Meagre;  gretto. 
Meal;   i.  pasto.     2.  farina. 
Mealie ;  spiga  di  granturco. 
Meal-time  ;  ora  dei  pasti. 
Mealy;  farinoso,  che  sfarina. 
Mealy  guelder-rose;  viorno. 
Mealymouthed;  mellifluo. 
Mealy  red-poll;  organetto. 
Mean;     i.    meschino,    gretto, 

tirchio.    2.  basso.    3.  medio. 

4.  intendere.     5.  voler  dire, 

valere.     6.   —  for,  destinare 

per  o  a. 

Meander;  serpeggiare. 
Meaning;  i.  significato.    i.  si- 

gnificante. 

Meanly;  poveramente. 
Meanness;  bassezza. 


Means;  i.  mezzo.  2.  soslan/.a, 
risorse.  3.  By  all  — ,  ad 
ogni  modo,  certamente ;  By 
no  — ,  nienle  affatto,  in  nes- 
sun  modo.  By  —  of,  me- 
diante,  per  mezzo  di. 

Meantime  ;  frattanto,  in  quel 
mentre. 

Measles;  i.  morbillo,  rosolia. 
2.  grandine  (nel  maiale). 

Measly;  i.  meschino.  2.  che 
ha  la  tenia. 

Measurable ;  misurabile. 

Measure;  i.  misura.  2.  prov- 
vedimento,  partito.  3.  — s, 
strati  (di  carbon  fossile). 
4.  legge.  5.  misurare. 

Measured  steps;  passi  misu- 
rati. 

Measureless ;  smisurato. 

Meat;  carne.  —  and  drink,  il 
mangiare  ed  il  bere.  Boiled 
— ,  lesso.  Minced  — ,  carne 
tritata.  Roast  — ,  arrosto. 

Meat  ball ;  polpctta. 

Mechanic ;  meccanico,  mac- 
chinista. 

Mechanism;  meccanismo,  con- 
gegno. 

Mechlin  lace;  merlettodi  Ma- 
lines. 

Medal;  medaglia. 

Medallion ;  medaglione. 

Meddle ;  immischiarsi,  intro- 
mettersi,  aver  a  che  fare. 

Meddler ;  ficcanaso,  faccendi- 
ere. 

Meddlesome;  imbroglione. 

Meddling;  ingerenza. 

Median;  di  mezzo. 

Mediate ;  intcrcedere,  fare  il 
mediatore. 

Mediation,  Mediator;  id. 

Medical;  medico.  Take  — 
advice,  farsi  consigliare  da 
un  medico. 

Medicinal,  Medicine;  id. 

Medicine-chest;  scatola  di 
droghe. 

Medick;  i.  Purple  — ,  erba 
medica.  2.  Hop  — ,  trifo- 
gliolino. 

Medieval;  medioevale. 

Mediocre;  id. 

Meditate ;  id. 

Medium;  i.  mezzo,  spediente, 
modo.  2.  medio.  3.  mez- 
zano.  4.  Observe  the  just 
— ,  seguire  la  via  di  mezzo. 

Medlar;  nespola. 

Medley ;  mescuglio,  guazza- 
buglio. 

Medullary  rays;  raggi  midol- 
lari. 

Meed ;  premio. 

Meek ;  sommesso,  bonario. 

Meerschaum;  schiumadimare. 

Meet;  i .  atto,  acconcio.  1.  in- 
contrare,  aflacciarsi  a,  pre- 
sentarsi  davanti  a.  3.  trovare. 
4.  batters!  (con).  5.  far 
onore  (agli  impegni),  far 
fronte  (alle  spese),  sopportare 
(un  castigo).  6.  Come  to  — , 
venire  incontro  a.  7.  in- 
contrarsi,  imbattersi,  vedersi, 
riunirsi.  8.  scontrarsi,  ac- 
cozzarsi.  9.  —  with,  rice- 
vere  o  trovare  (accoglienza), 
subire  (disgrazia). 


Meeting;    i.    incontro.     2.    ri- 

unione,  mitinghe.     3.   corse. 
Meeting-house;    casa    di    ri- 

unione  dei  Quacqueri. 
Megrim;  emicrania. 
Melancholy;  malinconia. 
Melee;  zuffa. 
Melic  grass;  melica. 
Melilot;  id.,  soffiola. 
Mellifluous;  mellifluo. 
Mellow;  i.  maturo,  stagionato. 

2.  armonioso,  pastoso. 
Melodrama;  melodramma. 
Melody ;  id. 

Melon;  popone,  cocomero. 
Melt;     i.    fondere,    struggere, 

liquefare.     2.  intenerire.     3. 

disciogliersi  (in  lagrime). 
Melting;    i.    fusione,    liquefa- 

zione.     2.    commovente. 
Member;  membro. 
Membership;  esser  membro. 
Membrane;  id. 
Memento;  id.,  ricordo. 
Memoir;  memuria,  ricordo. 
Memorable;  id. 
Memorandum;  /(/. ,  appunto. 
Memorial;  id. 
Memory;  id.,  ricordanza. 
Menace;  minaccia. 
Mend;    raccomodare,     raccon- 

ciare,  rimendare,  correggere, 

migliorare. 

Mendacious ;  mendace. 
Mendacity;  abitudine  di  men- 
tire,  mendacita. 
Mender;  racconciatore. 
Mendicant ;    accattone,    men- 

dico,  questuanle. 
Mendicity;  id. 
Menial;  servile. 
Menstruum;  mestruo. 
Mensuration;  misurazione. 
Mental;  id. 
Mention;  i.menzione.   i.men- 

tovare,  accennare. 
Menu;  minuta,  carta. 
Mephitic;  mefitico. 
Mercantile;  id. 
Mercenary;  id.,  prezzolato. 
Merchandise ;  mercanzie,  mer- 

ci. 
Merchant;    negoziante,    com- 

merciante. 

Merchantman;   nave  mercan- 
tile. 
Merchant-tailor ;     negoziante 

sarto. 

Merciful;  pietoso,  indulgente. 
Merciless;  spietato. 
Mercury;  mercurio. 
Mercy;  misericordia. . 
Mere;  mero,  pretto. 
Merely;  solo,  solamente. 
Meretricious;  meretricio. 
Merganser;  smergo. 
Merge  ;  To  be  — d,  esser  assor- 

bito. 

Meridian ;  id. 

Merino  ;  id. ,  pecora  di  Spagna. 
Merit;  id.,  pregio. 
Merlin;  stneriglio. 
Mermaid;  sirena. 
Merriment;  ilarita. 
Merry;  allegro,  giocondo. 
Merry-andrew;  buffone. 
Merry-go-round;      carosello, 

giostra. 
Merry-making;    giubilazione, 

festeggiamento. 


Merrythought;  forcella,  sterno 
di  polio. 

Mesh;  maglia. 

Mesmerism ;  id. 

Mess;  i.  macchia,  guazzo, 
imbrattatura,  guazzabuglio, 
sporcizia.  2.  rancio,  mensa. 
3.  piatto.  4.  To  be  in  a 
nice  — ,  trovarsi  in  un  bel 
pasticcio,  star  fresco.  5.  man- 
giare insieme,  far  camerata. 
6.  —  up,  guastare,  rovinare  ; 
v.  Zuppa  (9). 

Message  ;  messaggio.  Send  a 
—  to,  far  dire  a.  Send  on  a 
— ,  mandare  in  commissione. 

Messenger;  messaggiere,  mes- 
so. 

Messiah ;  Messia. 

Messieurs ;  signnri. 

Messmate ;  commensale,  com- 
pagno  di  gamella. 

Messuage;  casa  con  annessi  e 
connessi. 

Messy;  sporco,  sciamannato, 
imbratlato.  It's  a  —  job,  e 
lavoro  motoso,  e  un  pasticcio. 

Metal ;  metallo. 

Metalling;  ciotolato. 

Metamorphosis ;  id. 

Metaphor;  inctafcira. 

Metaphysics;  metafisica. 

Metathesis;  metatesi. 

Meteor;  id. 

Meter;  misuratore. 

Methinks;  mi  pare. 

Method;  metodo. 

Metonymy;  metonimia. 

Metre;  metro. 

Metropolis;   mclropoli. 

Mettle;  foga,  spirito. 

Mettlesome ;  focoso. 

Mew;  i.  gabbia.  2.  rinchiu- 
dere.  3.  miagolare. 

Mews;  stiulaggio. 

Miasma;  id. 

Mica;  id. 

Michaelmas;  II  san  Michele. 

Michaelmas  daisy;  vergad'ar- 
gento. 

Microbe;  microbio. 

Microscope;  microscopio. 

Micturate;  orinare. 

Mid;   i.   mezzo.     2.  fra. 

M  idday ;  mezzogiorno. 

Midden;  letamaio. 

Middle;  i.  mezzo,  mezzano, 
medio.  2.  centro,  mezzo. 

Middle-aged ;  di  mezza  eta, 
fat  to. 

Middle  Ages;  medio  evo. 

Middle  class;  gente  mezzana. 

Middle-man;  intcrmediario. 

Middle-sized;  di  mezzana 
grandezza. 

Middling;  mediocre,  passabile. 

Midge;  moscerino,  moscione. 

Midget;  nanerottolo. 

Mid-heaven;  centro  del  cielo. 

Mid  Lent ;  mezza  quaresima. 

Midmost;  del  mezzo. 

Midnight ;  mezza  notte. 

Midriff;  diaframma. 

Midshipman;  guardiamarina. 

Midst;  mezzo. 

Midsummer;  mezzo della stale. 
—  day,  fesla  di  San  Giovanni. 

Midway;  a  mezza  strada. 

Midwife;  levatrice. 

Midwifery;  ostetricia. 


MIDWINTER— MOB 


Ixxiii 


Midwinter;  cuore  dell'  inverno. 

Mien  ;  aria,  cera. 

Might;  i.  potere,  possanza; 
With  all  one's  — ,  a  tutto 
potere,  con  I'  arco  della 
schiena ;  With  —  and  main, 
a  corpo  morto.  2.  One  — 
say,  si  potrebbe  dire  ;  Vovi 
—  have  been  killed,  potreste 
esser  ucciso ;  One  —  as  well 
not  have  it,  tanto  sarebbe 
non  averlo ;  One  —  at  any 
rate  try,  ad  ogni  modo  si 
potrebbe  tentare ;  It  —  be 
that...,  potrebbe  esser  che ; 
lie  —  have  been  seen  coming 
down  the  hill,  si  sarebbe  po- 
tuto  vedere  scendere  giu  per 
la  collina. 

Mighty;  possente,  forte. 

Mignonette;  amorino,  reseda 
oclorata. 

Migrate  ;  migrare. 

Milch ;  lattante. 

Mild ;  mite,  dolce. 

Mildew  ;  fiori  del  vino,  mufla. 

Mile  ;  miglio. 

Milestone;  pietra  migliare. 

Milfoil;  millefoglie. 

Miliary;  miliare. 

Militant,  Military;  id. 

Militia;  milizia. 

Milk;  i.  latte;  Give — ,  allat- 
tare.  2.  mungere. 

Milk  food  ;  latticinio. 

Milkmaid;  lattaia. 

Milkman  ;  lattivendolo. 

Milk-pail;  secchia  da  latte. 

Milk-pan;  terrina  da  latte. 

Milksop  ;  gocciolone,  pulcino 
bagnato. 

Milk-tooth;  dente  lattaiolo. 

Milk-weed;  titimalo. 

Milk- woman;  lattaia. 

Milky ;  latteo. 

Milky  Way;  via  lattea. 

Mill;  mulino,  fabbrica,  filart- 
da. 

Mill-board;  cartone  forte. 

Mill-dam;  bottaccio. 

Millenary,  Millennium;  id. 

Milleped;  millepiedi. 

Miller;  mugnaio. 

Miller's  thumb ;  ghiozzo. 

Millet;  miglio. 

Milligramme,  Millimetre ; 
id. 

Milliner;  modista,  crestaia. 

Millinery;  mercerie. 

Milling  machine ;  fresatrice. 

Million;  milione. 

Mill-owner;  capo  fabbrica, 
valicaio. 

Mill-pond;  bottaccio. 

Mill-race  ;  gora  di  mulino. 

Mill-stone ;  macina  di  muli- 
no. 

Milt;  i.  milza.  2.  latte  di 
pesce. 

Mimic;  i.  imitative.  2.  con- 
traffare. 

Mimicry;  mimica. 

Mimosa;  id. 
Minaret;  id. 

Mince;    i.  sminuzzare,  tritare, 
sbriciolare.    2.  attenuare.    3. 
fare  il  vezzoso,  civettare. 
Mince-meat;  cibo  tritato. 
Mince-pie;  sorta  di  pasticcio. 
Mincing;  affettato,  trito. 

H. 


Mind;  i.  mente.  2.  voglia.  3. 
opinione.  4.  badare  a,  aver 
cura  di,  fare  attenzione  a. 

5.  Not  to  — ,  non  curarsene. 

6.  Never  — ,  poco  importa. 
Mindful;  attento. 

Mine ;    i.   mina.      2.    miniera. 

3.  scavare,  minare. 
Mingle ;  mescolare,  confondere. 
Miniature ;  /./. 
Minikin;  piccolino. 
Minim;  goccia. 
Minimise  ;  attenuare,  metier  in 

non  cale. 

Minimum  ;  minimo. 
Minion  ;  r.  mignone.     2.  favo- 

rito. 

Minister;  ministro. 
Ministry;  ministero. 
Miniver;  vaio. 
Mink;  visone. 
Minnesinger ;      trovatore    te- 

desco. 
Minnow;  varione,sanguinerola, 

fregarola. 
Minor;  id. 
Minotaur;  id. 
Minster;  chiesone,  chiesa  abba- 

ziale,  cattedrale. 
Minstrel;  rnenestrello. 
Minstrelsy;  canti. 
Mint;   i.  menta.     i.  zecca.    3. 

monetare,  battere. 
Mint  sauce;  salsa  alia  menta. 
Mintage;  monetaggio. 
Minuet ;  id. 
Minus;    i.    mfno,   senza.      2. 

un   meno ;    A   —  quantity, 

una    quantita    negativa,    un 

meno  di  nulla. 
Minute;    i.  minuto  ;  This  — , 

subito,     immantinente.       2. 

minuta.       3.    — s,    verbale, 

processo  verbale.    4.  prender 

nota  di,  minutare. 
Minute-book;  librodi  minute. 
Minute-hand ;      lancetta     dei 

minuti. 

Minutely;  minuziosamente. 
Minutiae  ;  minuzie. 
Minx;  bricconcella. 
Miracle;  miracolo. 
Mirage ;  miraggio. 
Mire ;  melma. 
Mirror ;  specchio. 
Mirth ;  allegria. 
Misadventure;  disavventura. 
Misadvise;  consigliar  male. 
Misaimed;  mal  diretto. 
Misalliance  ;    matrimonio  con 

persona    di    condizione    in- 

feriore. 

Misanthrope;  misantropo. 
Misapply;  applicar  male. 
Misapprehend ;  intender  male. 
Misapprehension ;  malinteso. 
Misbecome  ;    disdire,   sconve- 

nire. 

Misbehave ;  condursi  male. 
Misbehaviour ;     cattiva    con- 

dotta. 

Misbelief;  falsa  credenza. 
Miscalculate;  calcolar  male. 
Miscall ;   chiamare   impropria- 

mente. 
Miscarriage ;     i.    aborto.      2. 

fiasco,  insuccesso. 
Miscarry;      I.     abortire.       2. 

fallire,     non     riuscire,     non 

raggiungere  lo  scopo. 


Miscast ;  sommare  male. 
Miscellaneous ;  miscellaneo. 
Miscellany;  mescolanza. 
Mischance  ;  infortunio. 
Mischief;    danno,  male,  mali- 

zia. 

Mischief-maker;  mettimale. 
Mischief-making;  i.  il  metter 

male  tra  le  persone.     2.  no- 

civo,   intrigante,   chi  semina 

discordie. 
Mischievous  ;    cattivo,   tristo, 

malizioso,  funesto. 
Misconceive ;     v.     Misappre- 
hend. 

Misconduct;  cattiva condotta. 
Misconstruction ;  falsa  inter- 

pretazione,  controsenso. 
Misconstrue ;  interpretar  male, 

tradurre  male  o  a  torto. 
Miscount;   i.   conto  sbagliato. 

2.  contare  erroneamente. 
Miscreant ;  miserabile,  bricco- 

naccio. 

Miscue  ;  papino, 
Misdate;  mettere  una  falsa  data, 

sbagliare  data. 
Misdeed  ;  misfatto. 
Misdemeanour ;  fallo,  peccato 

veniale. 

Misdirect ;   diriger  male,  sba- 
gliare 1'  indirizzo. 
Misdirection ;  istruzione  errata 

da  parte  d'  un  giudice. 
Misdoer ;  malfattdre. 
Misenter  ;  registrare  a  torto. 
Miser;  avaro,  spilorcio. 
Miserable  ;  id.,  infelice,  mes- 

chino. 

Misform  ;  sformare. 
Misfortune;  sventura,malanno, 

disgrazia,  sfortuna. 
Misgiving;  presentimento,diffi- 

denza,  apprensione,  sospetto. 
Misgovern ;  governar  male. 
Misguided  ;  traviato,  male  ispi- 

rato. 

Mishap  ;  disgrazia. 
Mishmash  ;  cibreo. 
Misinform  ;  informar  male, 

dare  un'  avviso  erroneo. 
Misinterpret ;  interpretare  male 

o  a  torto,  storcere  il  senso  di, 

snaturare. 
Misjudge  ;  giudicar  male,  falsa- 

mente,  sconoscere. 
Mislay;  smarrire,  collocare  fuor 

di  posto. 

Mislead  ;  sviare,  traviare. 
Mismanage ;     dirigere    male, 

governare  male. 
Misname  ;     nominare    impro- 

priamente. 
Misnomer ;    titolo   improprio, 

denominazione  poco  adatta. 
Misogamist ;  misogamo. 
Misplace  ;  collocar  male,  spo- 

stare. 
Misprint;   i.  errore  di  stampa. 

2.  stampare  erroneamente. 
Mispronounce ;        pronunciar 

male. 
Misquotation  ;   citazione   ine- 

satta. 
Misquote  ;  citare  falsamente  o 

a  torto. 
Misreport  ;     riferire    inesatta- 

mente,  fare  un  rapporto  ine- 

satto.     Unless  he  has  been 

altogether  — ed,  a  meno  che 


il  suo  discorso  sia  stato  tutto 
diverse  da  quel  che  gli  e  stato 
attribuito. 

Misrule  ;  malgoverno. 

Miss  ;  i.  colpo  mancato,  il  non 
colpire  nel  segno.  2.  signo- 
rina.  3.  non  colpire,  non 
dar  nel  segno.  4.  non  tro- 
vare.  5.  dolersi  dell'  assenza 
di.  6.  accorgersi  dell'  assenza 
di.  7.  perdere  (treno). 

Missal ;  id. 

Missel-thrush  ;  tordela. 

Misshapen  ;  deforme. 

Missile  ;  proiettile. 

Missing ;  sparito,  perduto, 
smarrito. 

Mission;  id.,  ambasciata. 

Missionary;  id. 

Missive ;  missiva. 

Misspell ;  compitar  male. 

Misspent  ;  mal  vissuta  (vita), 
male  speso  (danaro). 

Misstate ;  riferire  falsamente. 

Misstatement ;  mancanza  al 
vero. 

Mist ;  nebbia. 

Mistakable ;  che  puo  far  nascere 
errore,  che  si  puo  confondere 
con,  da  sbagliarsi  per.  Easily 
—  for,  facile  a  confondere 
con. 

Mistake;  i.  fallo,  sbaglio, 
granchio,  strafaleione ;  Make 
a  great  — ,  prendere  una 
cantonata.  2.  scambiare. 
3.  ingannarsi.  4.  smarrire 
'(la  strada). 

Mistaken  ;  erroneo,  mal  inteso, 
sbagliato. 

Mister;  signore. 

Mistiness  ;  nebbiosita. 

Mistletoe;  vischio. 

Mistress;  i.  signora,  padrona. 
2.  innamorata,  amante. 

Mistrust ;  diffidare  di,  sospet- 
tare  di. 

Mistrustful ;  diffidente. 

Misty;  nebbioso. 

Misunderstand;  inlender  male, 
sbagliarsi  su. 

Misunderstanding ;  malinte- 
so, equivoco,  screzio,  dissa- 
pore. 

Misuse  ;  malmenare,  guastare, 
far  cattivo  uso  di. 

Mite;  i.  niente,  nulla;  Not  a 
— ,  niente  affatto.  2.  tarma, 
acaro. 

Mitigate  ;  id. 

Mitre  ;  id.,  —  wheel,  ruota  ad 
angolo. 

Mitten  ;  mezzo  guanto. 

Mittimus  ;  mandato  di  arre- 
sto. 

Mity ;  intignato. 

Mix  ;  mescolare,  mischiare. 

Mixen ;  letamaio. 

Mixture ;  mescolanza. 

Mizzen  ;  mezzana.  -  mast, 
albero  di  mezzana. 

Mizzle  ;  piovigginare. 

Mnemonics;  mnemonica. 

Moan;  i.  gemito,  lamento.  2. 
gemere,  lamentarsi. 

Moat  ;  fosso. 

Mob;  i.  folia,  ressa,  calca.  2. 
attaccare  disordinatamente, 
maltrattare,  inseguire  urtan- 
do. 

K 


Ixxiv 


MOB-CAP—MUCH 


Mob-cap ;   specie  di  cuffia  da 

casa. 

Mobil-ity,  -ise;  id. 
Mock ;     i.    contraffatto,    6nto. 

t.   derisorio.      3.   schernire, 

burlarsi  di,   canzonare,  farsi 

giuoco  di. 

Mockery;  beffa,  motteggio. 
Mock-heroic;  eroito-comico. 
Mocking-bird ;  mimo  poliglot- 

to. 

Mock-orange;  salindia. 
Mock-sun;  parelio. 
Mock-turtle   soup ;    minestra 

di  tartaruga  scappata. 
Mode;  modo. 
Model;  modello. 
Moderate  ;  id. 
Modern ;  id. 
Modest;  id. 
Modicum ;    pocolino,    provvi- 

sione  modesta. 
Modify;  iJ. 
Modillion;  id. 
Modish,  -ly;  alia  moda. 
Modulate ;  id. 
Mohair;  moerre. 
Moiety;  meta. 
Moist ;  umidetto,  modido. 
Moisten ;  immiidire. 
Moisture;  umidita. 
Moke;  asino. 
Molar;  id. 
Molasses;  melassa. 
Mole;    i.  talpa.     2.   neo,  ver- 
ruca.    3.  molo.     4.  mola. 
Mole-catcher;    cacciatore    di 

talpe. 

Molecule ;  id. 
Mole-hill ;  monticello  sollevato 

dalle  talpe. 
Molest ;  molestare. 
Mole -trap;     trappola    per    le 

talpe. 

Mollify;  id.,  raddolcire. 
Mollusc;  id. 
Molten;  fuso. 
Moment;  id. 
Momentarily ;    ad    ogni    mo- 

mento. 

Momentary;  niomentaneo. 
Momentous;  importante. 
Momentum;  momento,  impul- 
se. 

Monad;  id. 
Monarch;  monarca. 
Monastery;   convento,   mona- 

stero  ;  see  p.  383,  Monaco, 

Monastero. 
Monastic;  id. 
Monday;  Lunedl. 
Money;  danaro. 
Money-bag;  saccoccia. 
Money-bill;  progetto  di  legge 

finanziario. 

Money-box ;  salvadanaio. 
Money-changer ;    cambiamo- 

nete. 

Moneyed ;  danaroso. 
Money-market;  Borsa. 
Money-matters;   affari  finan- 

ziarii. 

Money-order;  vaglia  postale. 
Money-taker ;  ricevitore. 
Money-wort ;     erba    quattri- 

nella. 
Mongrel ;    meticcio,    di    razza 

mista. 

Monied;  danaroso. 
Monition;  ammonizione. 


Monitor;  id. 

Monk;  monaco. 

Monkey;    i.  scimmia,  bertuc- 

cia.     2.  battipalo,  maglio. 
Monkish ;  monastico. 
Monk's-hood ;  aconito. 
Monochrome ;  monocromo. 
Monocular;  monocolo. 
Monogram,  Monologue,  Mo- 
nomania, Monoplane ;  id. 
Monopolise;  id. ,  incettare. 
Monopoly;  monopolio. 
Monosyllable,  Monotheism  ; 

id. 

Monotonous ;  monotono. 
Monsoon;  monsone. 
Monster;  mostro. 
Monstrance;  ostensorio. 
Monstrous;  mostruoso. 
Month ;  mese.     By  the  — ,  al 

mese. 

Monthly;  mensile. 
Monument;  id. 
Mood;   i.   umore.     2.   modo. 
Moody;  pensieroso,  cupo,  stiz- 

zoso. 
Moon ;    luna.      Full   — ,    luna 

piena,  plenilunio.     Honey — , 

luna  di  miele.     New  — ,  luna 

nova. 
Moon-calf;    i.  mola.     2.  ba- 

lordo. 
Moonlight;   i.  chiaro  di  luna. 

2.  illuminate  dalla  luna. 
Moonshine;  i.  chiaro  di  luna. 

2.  milhiggine,  scioccheria. 
Moonstruck;  lunatico. 
Moor;   i.  Moro.     2.  brughiera. 

3.  amarrare,  ormeggiare. 
Moorhen  ;   gallinella  d'  acqua, 

sciabica. 

Moose;  alee  americano. 

Moot;  i.  proporre,  mettere  in 
campo.  2.  —  point,  punto 
o  questione  discutibile. 

Mop;  i.  fruciandolo,  scovolo, 
lanata,  radazza.  i.  rasciu- 
gare.  3.  —  and  mow,  fare 
smorfie. 

Mope;  star  triste  e  tacito,  stu- 
pidirsi,  annoiarsi. 

Moquette;  mocchetto. 

Moraine;  morena. 

Moral;  i.  id.;  A  —  impossi- 
bility, una  cosa  moralmente 
impossibile.  2.  lezione  da 
dedursi.  3.  Good  — s,  buoni 
costumi.  4.  —  courage,  co- 
raggio  civile,  spirito  franco. 

Morass;  pantano. 

Moratorium  ;  moratorio. 

Morbid;  malsano,  morboso. 

Mordant ;  id. 

More ;  piii,  maggiormente,  in 
maggior  numero.  His  dark 
eyes  and  complexion  made 
—  noticeable  by...,  i  suoi 
bruni  occhi  e  la  sua  bruna 
carnagione  fatti  risaltare  mag- 
giormente da....  One  shilling 
— ,  ancora  uno  scellino. 
Never  any  — ,  mai  piu.  — 
and  — ,  di  piu  in  piu.  Much 
— ,  vieppiu.  No  — ,  basta. 
All  the  — ,  tanto  piu. 

Moreover ;  oltre  a  questo,  di 
piu. 

Morganatic;  id. 

Moribund;  moribondo. 

Morion;  id. 


Mormon ;  id. 

Morning;  i.  mattina.     2.  mat- 

tutino;  Good — ,  buon  gior- 

no. 
Morning  -  gown  ;      vcste     da 

camera. 

Morocco ;  marocchino. 
Morose ;  tetro,  sdegnoso. 
Morphia;  morfina. 
Morrow;  domani.    On  the — , 

1'  indomani. 
Morsel ;    pezzo,    boccone,   bri- 

ciolo,  tozzo. 
Mortal;  id. 
Mortar;  i.  malta,  calcina.     2. 

mortaio. 
Mortar-board;  vassoio,  netta- 

toia,  sparviere. 
Mortgage ;  ipoteca. 
Mortgagee ;    creditore    ipote- 

cario. 
Mortgagor ;     debitore     ipote- 

cario. 

Mortification;  id.,  cancrena. 
Mortify;  id.,  umiliare. 
Mortise ;     i.     canale,    incavo, 

incastro.     2.    innestare,  'fare 

un  incastro  femmina. 
Mortmain ;  mano  morta. 
Mortuary;   i.  camera  mortua- 

ria.     2.  mortuario. 
Mosaic;  id.,  commesso. 
Moslem  ;   Musulmano. 
Mosque;  moschea. 
Mosquito ;  zanzara. 
Moss;  muschio. 
Moss-agate;  Jgata  muschiosa. 
Moss-grown;  coperto  di  mus- 
chio. 
Most;  il  piu,  la  maggior  parte. 

—    of   all,    principalmente. 

—  of  the  papers,  i  piu  dei 

giornali. 
Mostly;  il  piii  delle  volte,  per 

la  piii  parte,  per  lo  piii. 
Mote;  atomo,  festuca. 
Motet;  mottetto. 
Moth;    falena,    farfallina   nol- 

turna,  tignola. 

Moth-eaten;  bacato,intignato. 
Mother;  i.  madre;  — country, 

madre    patria.       2.     far    da 

madre  a. 

Motherhood ;  maternita. 
Mother-in-law;  suocera. 
Motherless ;  senza  madre. 
Motherly  ;  materno,  da  madre. 
Mother-of-pearl;  madreperla. 
Mother-tongue ;    lingua    ma- 

terna. 
Mother-wit;  buon  senso, spirito 

naturale. 

Mothy;  v.  Moth-eaten. 
Motion ;     i.    movimento.       2. 

proposizione,    mozione.       3. 

scarica. 

Motionless;  immobile. 
Motive;  i.  motive.    2.  motore. 
Motley ;  screziato,  variopinto. 
Motor;  i.  automobile.     2.  mo- 
tore. 

Mottled;     picchiettato,     scre- 
ziato. 

Motto;  id. 
Moufflon ;  muffione. 
Mould;   i.  terriccio.    2.  mufifa. 

3.  forma.     4.  modellare,  for- 

mare. 
Moulder;     i.     gettatore.       2. 

ridursi  in  polvere. 


Moulding;  modanatura. 
Moulding-loft;   sala  del  trac- 

ciato. 

Moult;  mudare. 
Mound ;     monticello,    poggio, 

rialzo,  collinetta. 
Mount;    i.   cartone  interposto 

tra   un   acquerello  e   la   sua 

incorniciatura.     2.  montare, 

salire.      3.   incastonare.      4. 

mettere  in  iscena. 
Mountain;  montagna. 
Mountain-ash  ;  sorbo  de'  cac- 

ciatori. 

Mountaineer;  montagnaro. 
Mountain-finch;  peppola. 
Mountebank;  saltimbanco. 
Mounting;  montatura,  incasto- 

natura. 
Mourn ;    piangere,    deplorare, 

lamentare. 
Mourner;  chi  segue  un  morto- 

rio. 
Mournful;  piangevole, luguhru, 

triste. 
Mourning;     i.    bruno,    lutto. 

2.   di  lutto. 
Mouse  ;  topo  di  casa,  topolino, 

sorcio.    Field  — ,  topo  selva- 

tico. 
Mouse-ear  chickweed;  orec- 

chio  di  topo. 
Mouser  ;  Good  — ,  buono  pel 

topi. 

Mousetail ;  coda  di  sorcio. 
Mouse-trap;  trappola  da  topi. 
Moustaches;  bam,  mustacchi. 
Mouth;  i.  bocca,  imboccatura, 

gola,  entrata.     2.  declamare, 

vociare,  metier  fuori. 
Mouthful ;  boccone,  boccata. 
Mouthpiece ;  imboccatura,  boc- 

chino. 

Movable  ;  mobile. 
Move;   i.  muovere,  rimuovere. 

2.    proporre.       3.    spingere. 

4.    fare   una   domanda.      5. 

fare  una  niossa.    6.  chiederc. 

7.   intenerire,  commuovere. 
Move  about;    i.  andar  qua  e 

la,  girare.     2.   far  andar  qua 

e  la,  agitare. 

Move  away;  allontanare. 
Move  back;    i.  ritirare,  tirare 

indietro.       2.     rimettere    in 

luogo. 
Move  forward;  i.  passoavanti. 

2.  avanzarsi. 
Move  in  ;  trasportare  i  mobili, 

occupare. 

Movement ;  movimento. 
Move  off;  allontanarsi. 
Move     on ;      mettere     avanti, 

passare,  marciare,  mettere  in 

corso,  riprendere  corso. 
Move  out ;  sgomberare. 
Mover ;  autore  d'  una  mozione, 

clii  da  le  mosse  a. 
Move  up;   i.  metier  piii  alto. 

2.  promuovere. 
Moving;  comtnovente. 
Mow;  falciare,  mietere. 
Mowing-machine  ;   macchina 

falciatrice. 
Moxa;  mocsa. 
Much;   i.  molto,  assai.    2.   As 

—   as,  tanto   quanto,   abba- 
stanza  per.     3.  press'  a  poco. 

4.    Make   —  of,    fare   mille 

carezze,  accarezzare. 


MUCILAGE— NEEDLE-CASE 


Ixxv 


Mucilage ;  mucilaggine. 

Muck;  fango,  sudiciume. 

Muck-heap;  letamaio. 

Mucus;  muco. 

Mud;  i.  fango,  mota,  melma, 
fanghiglia.  2.  infangare.  3. 
cavare  il  fango  da. 

Mud-bath;  bagno  di  fango. 

Mud-cart ;  carrettone  di  fan- 
ghiglia. 

Muddiness;  fangosita. 

Muddle ;  i.  disordine,  pastic- 
cio, guazzabuglio.  2.  aggro- 
vigliare,  scombuiare,  scon- 
certare.  3.  inebbriare, 

istupidire. 

Muddy;  fangoso,  melmoso,  in- 
fangato. 

Mud-fish ;  cobite. 

Mud-flat;  spiaggia  coperta  di 
fango. 

Mud-guard;  parafango. 

Mud-lark ;  chi  sta  a  cavar 
roba  dal  fango  d"  una  fogna, 
o  simile. 

Mud- wall;  muro  di  mota  e 
paglia. 

Muezzin ;  id. 

Muff;  i.  manicotto.  2.  grullo. 
3.  —  it,  fame  fiasco,  non 
riuscire. 

M  uffin ;  sorta  di  focaccia. 

Muffle;  i.  muso.  2.  imbacuc- 
care,  camuffare. 

Muffler ;  pezzuola,  sciarpa  da 
collo. 

Mufti ;  abito  civile. 

Mug;  i.  bicchiere,  tazza,  boc- 
cale.  2.  bocca.  3.  sem- 
piicione.  4.  —  up,  imparare 
di  mala  voglia. 


Muggy;  afoso. 
Mugwort;  artemisia. 
Mulatto;  id. 
Mulberry;  mora. 
Mulberry-tree;  gelso. 
Mulch  ;  ammucchiare  strami  o 

altro  intorno  alle  radici  d'  una 

pianta. 

Mulct;  sottoporre  a  multa. 
Mule;  mulo. 

Mull;  i.  riscaldare.    2.guastare. 
Mullein ;  tassobarbasso. 
Mullet ;  muggine,  triglia. 
Mulligatawny;  sorta  di  mine- 

stra  all'  Indiana. 
Mulligrubs;  i.  colica.   2.  malu- 

more. 
Mullion  ;  tramezzo  verticale  nel 

vano  d'  una  finestra. 
Mullioned;  tramezzato  vertical- 

mente. 

Multi-,  prefix;  see  p.  391. 
Multifarious ;    molti    e    varii, 

moltiformi. 
Multifold;  svariato. 
Multiple ;  multiplo. 
Multiply;  moltiplicare. 
Multitude;  moltitudine. 
Mum;    i.   zitto !     2.    specie  di 

birra. 

Mumble;  borbottare. 
Mummer;    maschera,   persona 

mascherata. 
Mummery;    pagliacciata,   stu- 

pidaggine. 

Mummy;  mummia. 
Mumps;  gattoni. 
Munch ;  masticare. 
Mundane;  mondano. 
Municipal;  id. 
Munificent ;  id. 


Muniments;  document!. 
Munitions;  provvisioni. 
Mural;  id. 
Murder;   i.  omicidio.     2.  am- 

mazzare,  uccidere. 
Murderer ;  omicida. 
Murderous;  micidiale. 
Murky;  fosco,  buio. 
Murmur;     i.     mormorio,    la- 

gnanza.    2.  mormorare,  bron- 

tolare. 

Murrain;  morbo  epizootico. 
Murrey;  color  mora. 
Muscatel;  moscato. 
Muscle;  muscolo. 
Muse;   i.  musa.     2.  meditare. 
Museum;  museo. 
Mush;  poltiglia. 
Mushroom ;     fungo     porcino, 

fungo  prataiolo. 
Music ;  musica. 
Music-hall;  cafle  concerto. 
Music-room;  sala del  concerto. 
Music-stand ;    leggio    per    la 

musica. 

Music-stool ;  sgabello. 
Musing;  meditazione. 
Musk;    i.    muschio.      2.    erba 

del  muschio. 
Musk-cat;  zibetto. 
Musk-deer;  muschio. 
Musket;  moschetto. 
Musk-rat;  ondatra. 
Muslin ;  mussolina. 
Muss;  baruffa,  scompiglio. 
Mussel;  muscolo. 
Mussulman ;  Musulmano. 
Must;    i.   mosto.     2.   bisogna, 

debbo,  si  deve,  v.  Dovere. 
Mustang;    cavallo    americano 

selvatico. 


Mustard;  r.  mostarda.  2.  se- 
napa  comune. 

Mustard-pot;  mostardiera. 

Mustard-seed;  seme  di  se- 
napa. 

Muster;  i.  taccolta,  rassegna, 
riunione.  2.  passare  in  ras- 
segna, radunare.  3.  —  up, 
premiere  (coraggio). 

Muster-roll;  matricola. 

Mustiness;  mufla. 

Musty ;  muffato.  —  smell, 
sito. 

Mutable;  id. 

Mute;  muto. 

Mutilate  ;  id. 

Mutineer;  ammutinato. 

Mutinous;  ribelle. 

Mutiny;  i.  ammulinamento. 
2.  ammutinarsi. 

Mutter ;  borbottare,  brontolare. 

Mutton;  castrato. 

Mutton-chop ;  costoletta  di 
castrato. 

Mutual;  reciproco. 

Muzzle;  i .  muso,  cefifo.  2.  mu- 
soliera.  3.  bocca,  imbocca- 
tura.  4.  mettere  la  muso- 
liera. 

Muzzy;  alticcio. 

Mycelium ;  micelio. 

Myopic ;  miope. 

Myriad;  miriade. 

Myrmidons ;  mirmidoni. 

Myrrh;  mirra. 

Myrtle ;  mirto. 

Myself;  io  stesso. 

Mystery;  mistero. 

Mystic;  mistico. 

Mystify;  mistificare. 

Myth;  mito. 


N 


Nab;  agguantare. 

Naevus;  voglia,  nevo. 

Nag;  i.  bidelto.  2.  stuzzicare, 
infastidire. 

Nagging;  dispettoso. 

Nail;  i.  unghia, branca.  2.  clii- 
odo  ;  French  — ,  aguto.  3. 
inchiodare. 

Nail-brush  ;  spazzolino  da  un- 
ghia. 

Na'ive;  ingenuo. 

Naked ;  nudo,  ignudo. 

Namby-pamby;  sentimentale, 
scipito. 

Name;  i.  nome.     2.  nominare. 

Nameless;  senza  nome. 

Namely;  cioe,  vale  a  dire. 

Nankeen ;  nanchino. 

Nanny-goat ;  capra. 

Nap ;  i.  sonnellino  ;  Take  a 
— ,  sonnecchiarc  ;  Take  a 
short  — ,  schiacciar  un  son- 
nellino. 2.  pelo.  3.  sorta 
di  giuoco;  Go  — ,  (Jig.)  ar- 
rischiar  tutto.  4.  Catch 
— ping,  cogliere  in  fallo. 

Nape ;  nuca,  collottola. 

Naphtha;  nafta. 

Napkin;  i.  tovagliolo,  sal- 
vietta.  2.  pannicello  per 
bimbo. 

Napkin-ring;  anellino  da  tova- 
gliuolo. 


Napoleon;  id. 

Narcissus;  narciso. 

Narcotic ;  id. 

Narrate  ;  narrare,  raccontare. 

Narration;  i.  racconto.  2.  fat- 
to,  motivazione. 

Narrow;  i.  stretto,  angusto. 
2.  gretto,  meschino.  3.  — 
down,  ridurre,  ristringere. 

Narrow-chested ;  che  ha  il 
petto  stretto. 

Narrowing;  ristringimento. 

Narrowly;  i.  a  stento  ;  They 
—  escaped,  poco  manc6  che 
non  vi  rimanessero.  2.  da 
vicino,  a  fondo. 

Narrow-minded ;  illiberale, 
limitato  di  mente. 

Narwhal;  narvalo. 

Nasal;  id. 

Nascent ;  id. 

Nastiness;  sporcizia. 

Nasturtium ;  nasturzio  indiano. 

Nasty;  i.  cattivo,  di  cattivo 
gusto,  nauseante.  2.  trivi- 
ale,  sporco,  schifoso,  sconcio, 
osceno. 

Nation ;  nazione,  gente. 

Native;  id.,  natale,  indigene. 

Natty;  attillato. 

Natural;  i.  id.  i.  reale, 
schietto.  3.  sciocco,  idiota. 
4.  biquadro. 


Natural-isation,  -ise,  -ism  ; 

id. 

Naturalness;  naturalezza. 
Nature;  id. ,  indole,  naturale. 
Naught ;  Set  at  — ,  disprezzare, 

tenere  in  nessun  conto,  fare 

nessun  conto  di. 
Naughty;    cattivo,    malvagio, 

tristo,  meschino. 
Nausea;  id. 

Nauseous;  id. ,  stomachevole. 
Nautch-girls ;    danzatrici    in- 

diane. 

Nautical;  nautico. 
Nautilus;  nautilo. 
Naval;  id.,  marino. 
Nave;   j.  navata.     v.  mozzo. 
Navel ;  ombelico,  bellico. 
Navigate;  id. 
Navvy;  sterratore. 
Navy;  marina. 
Navy  board ;  consiglio  di  am- 

miragliato. 
Nay;  i.  no.    2.  inoltre.    3.  ne- 

gativa. 

Neap  tide ;  la  marea  piu  bassa. 
Near;    i.    vicino,    presso,    ac- 

canto.      2.    gretto.      3.    — 

side,  lato  sinistro,  lato  della 

briglia.      4.    intimo,   stretto. 

5.    avvicinarsi  a. 
Nearly;    quasi,  circa,  a  un  di 

presso. 


Nearness ;  prossimita,  vicinita, 
propinquita. 

Near-sighted;  miope. 

Neat;  i.  netto,  pulito,  Undo. 
2:  puro.  3.  —  cattle,  be- 
stiame  grosso. 

Neat-herd;  vaccaro. 

Neatly;  bene,  ammodo,  pulita- 
mente,  destramente. 

Neb;  becco. 

Nebul-a,  -ous;  id. 

Necess-ary,  -itate,  -ity;  id. 

Necessitous;  id.,  bisognoso. 

Neck;  i.  collo.  2.  manico  (di 
violino).  3.  braccio  (di  ter- 
ra). 4.  —  of  mutton,  quarto 
di  castrato.  5.  —  and  — , 
al  par! ;  —  or  nothing,  o  a 
morte  o  nulla. 

Neck-band;  colletto. 

Neckcloth ;  cravatta. 

Necklace;  collana. 

Neck-tie;  cravatta. 

Necro-logy, -mancy,  -polis; 
id. 

Nectar;  nettare. 

Nectarine;  nocepesca. 

Need;  i.  bisogno.  2.  biso- 
gnare,  occorrere. 

Needful;  occorrente. 

Needle ;  ago.  Packing  — , 
agone. 

Needle-case;  agoraio. 

Kz 


Ixxvi 


NEEDLEFUL— NOTED 


Needleful;  gugliata. 
Needle-gun ;  fucile  a  ago. 
Needle-maker;  fabbricante  di 

aghi. 

Needless;  inutile. 
Needlework;  lavoro  d"  ago. 
Needy;  indigente. 
Nefarious ;  nefario. 
Neg-ation,  -ative ;  id. 
Neglect ;  negligere,  trascurare. 
Negligent ;  id. 
Negotiate ;  negoziare. 
Negro;  id. 

Negus;  vino  riscaldato. 
Neigh;  nitrire. 
Neighbour;  vicino,  prossimo. 
Neighbourhood ;      vicinanza, 

pressi,  dintorni. 
Neighbourly ;  amichevole,  da 

amico. 

Neither;  ne. 
Neologism ;  id. 
Neophyte;  neofito. 
Nephew;  nipote. 
Nepotism;  id. 
Nerve;  id. 

Nervous;  i.  timido.     2.  ener- 
gico.    3.  —  affection,  nevrosi, 
malattia  nervosa. 
Nescience;  ignoranza. 
Nest ;    nido,  nidiata,  covo,  ri- 

cettacolo. 

Nest-egg;  guardanido,  endice. 
Nestle  ;  annidarsi.       —  down, 

cacciarsi  sotto  o  giu. 
Nestling;  nidiace. 
Net;  i.  rete,  gangamo,  sciabica, 
giacchio,  tramaglio,  reticola- 
to,  reticella.      2.  netto.      3. 
produrre  netto,  ricavare.     4. 
far  maglie. 
Nether;  basso. 
Netting-needle;  spola. 
Nettle;  i.  ortica.     2.  pungere, 

esasperare. 

Nettle-rash ;  orticaria. 
Nettle-tree;  bagolaro. 
Network;  reticella,  rete,  vilup- 

po. 

Neuralgia;  nevralgia. 
Neuter;  neutro. 
Neutral;  id. 
N  e  ve ;  nevato. 

Never;    i.   mai,   giammai.     ?. 
impossibile !      3.    —  again, 
mai  piu.     4.   Were  it  —  so 
pleasant,   comunque   potesse 
venire  a  grado. 
Never-ending;  senza  fine. 
Never-failing;  senza  fallo,  in- 

fallibile. 
Never-to-be-forgotten;  indi- 

menticabile. 

Nevertheless ;  nulladimeno, 
tuttavia,  ad  ogni  modo,  pure, 
ci6  non  ostante. 

New ;    nuovo,   fresco,   novello. 
—  potatoes,  palatine  tenere. 
New-born;  neonato. 
New-comer;  nuovo  arrivato. 
New-fangled;    di  ultimissima 

moda. 
New-fashioned ;    all'    ultima 

moda. 

Newly;  nuovamente,  di  fresco. 
News;  nuova,  notizia. 
Newspaper;  giornale. 
Newswriter;  giornalista. 
New  Year;  capo  d'  anno. 
New  Year's  gift;  strenna. 


Newt ;  tritone. 

New  Zealand  flax;  lino  della 

Nova  Zelanda. 

Next;  i.  prossimo,  seguente, 
contiguo,  accanto.  2.  dopo, 
in  secondo  luogo.  3.  — 
day,  1'  indomani.  4.  —  the 
skin,  sulla  pelle.  5.  —  door, 
a  uscio  e  bottega,  vicinissimo. 
6.  —  Monday,  Lunedi  pros- 
simo ;  The  —  Monday,  il 
Lunedi  appresso  o  susse- 
guente.  7.  —  Monday  week,  • 
fortnight,  Lunedi  a  otto, 
quindici.  8.  The  —  time 
that,  la  prima  volta  che ; 
What  was  the  —  thing  he 
did?  che  ha  fatto  in  seguito? 

Nib;  pennino,  punta. 

Nibble;  i.  rosicare, rosicchiare, 
morsicare,  morsecchiare.  2. 
abboccare.  3.  colpo  di 
dente. 

Nice;  i.  buono,  di  buon  gusto, 
per  benino,  gustoso.  i.  deli- 
cato,  difficile,  schizzinoso.  3. 
esatto,  corretto.  4.  attillato. 
5.  bello,  carino,  vezzoso, 
piacevole. 

Nice ;  Nizza. 

Nicety;  esattezza. 

Niche ;  nicchia. 

Nick;  i.  tacca,  intaccatura.  2. 
In  the  —  of  time,  appunto, 
nel  momento  propizio.  3. 
Old  — ,  diavolo.  4.  coglier 
il  ciestro.  5.  intaccare. 

Nickel ;  nichelio. 

Nickel-plated;  nichelato. 

Nick-nack;  gingillo,  ninnolo. 

Nickname;  i.  soprannome, 
nomignolo.  2.  dare  il  so- 
prannome. 

Nicotine;  id. 

Nictitating  membrane;  mem- 
brana  degli  occhi. 

Niece;  nipote. 

Niggard;  spilorcio,  gretto,  tac- 
cagno. 

Nigger;  negro. 

Nigh ;  v.  Near. 

Night;  notte. 

Night-cap;  berretto  da  notte. 

Nightfall;  crepuscolo. 

Night-heron  ;  corvo  di  notte. 

Nightingale;  usignolo. 

Nightjar;  nottolone,  succiaca- 
pre. 

Nightmare;  incubo,  sogno  fa- 
stidioso. 

Nightshade ;  morella.  Woody 
— ,  dulcamara.  Deadly  — , 
belladonna. 

Night-soil;  votatura  di  botti- 
no. 

Night-stool;  seggetta. 

Night  -  watchman  ;  guardia 
notturna. 

Nihilist;  nichilista. 

Nil;  nulla. 

Nimble;  lesto. 

Nimbus;  aureola,  corona. 

Nincompoop;  semplicione. 

Nine;  nove. 

Ninepins ;  birilli,  giuoco  di 
nove  birilli. 

Nineteen;  diciannove. 

Nineteenth;  decimo  nono. 

Ninety;  novanta. 

Ninth;  nono. 


Nip;   i.   pizzico,  pizzicotto.     ^. 

bicchierino,     gocciola.        3. 

pizzicare,  morsicare.    4.  gua- 

stare,  abbruciacchiare.    5.  — 

in   the  bud,  distruggere  nel 

germe. 
Nippers ;     pinzetta    a    taglio, 

pinze. 

Nipping;  pungente,  mordace. 
Nipple ;  capezzolo. 
Nit ;  lendine. 
Nitre;  nitro,  salnitro. 
Nitrogen ;  azoto. 
Nitro-glycerine ;      nitroglice- 

rina. 
No;   i.  no,  punto,  mica,  niente. 

2.    nessuno,   niuno,  veruno ; 

—  matter,  non  importa. 
Nob;  i.  zucca.    2.  pezzogrosso. 
Nobble;  acchiappare. 
Nobby;  v.  Smart  (2). 
Noble ;  nobile. 
Nobleness;  nobilta. 
Nobody;  nessuno. 
Nocturne;  notturno. 
Nod;   i.  cenno,  segno  ;  Give  a 

— ,   fare  cenno.     2.    tenten- 

nare  la  testa,  chinare  la  testa 

o   il   capo.      3.    To   —   to, 

salutare. 
Noddle ;  zucca. 
Noddy;  i.gonzo.    2.gabbiano. 
Node ;  nodo. 
Noggin;  boccaletto. 
Noise ;     i.     rumore,    baccano, 

fracasso.     2.   —  abroad,  di- 

vulgare. 

Noiseless;  senza  rumore. 
Noisome;  nocivo,  malsano,  in- 

fetto,  infesto. 

Noisy;  rumoroso,  strepitoso. 
Nomad ;  nomade. 
Nomenclature;  id. 
Nominal,  Nominate ;  «'</. 
Nomination;  nomina. 
Nominative;  id. 
Nominee ;  persona  nominata. 
Nonage ;  minorita. 
Nonagenarian;  id. 
Non-appearance ;       assenza, 

contumacia. 
Non-appointment;  mancanza 

di  nomina. 

Non-arrival ;  mancato  arrivo. 
Non-attendance;  assenza. 
Nonce  ;  For  the  — ,  per  questa 

volta. 

Nonchalance ;  noncuranza. 
Non-combatant ;     non    com- 

battente. 
Non-commissioned   officer; 

sottufficiale. 

Non-compliance;  rifiuto. 
Non-conductor;  non-condut- 

tore. 
Nonconformist ;    non   confor- 

mista. 
Non-delivery ;  non  recapitata, 

mancata  consegna,  consegna 

fallita. 
Nondescript;  indefinibile,  biz- 

zarro,  senza  nome. 
Non-effective;  fuori  di  servi- 

zio. 

Nonentity ;  persona  da  nulla. 
Nonesuch  clover;  trifogliolino. 
Non-execution;  mancata  ese- 

cuzione. 

Non-existence ;  inesistenza. 
Non-explosive;  inesplodibile. 


Non-fulfilment  ;       inademjii- 

mento. 
Non-intervention;  non  inter- 

vento. 
Non-manufacturing ;        non 

manifatturiero. 
Non-member;  estraneo. 
Non-observance  ;  inosservan- 

za. 
Nonpareil;   i.  nonpariglia.     2. 

varieta  di  mela. 
Non-payment ;    mancanza   di 

pagamento. 
Non-performance;  inadempi- 

mento. 
Nonplussed ;  alle  strette,  scon- 

certato. 

Non-poisonous;  nonvelenoso. 
Non-presentation;     mancata 

presentazione. 
Non-professional ;   chi  o  che 

non  e  del  mestiere. 
Non-resident ;  forestiero,  non 

residente. 

Non-resistant;  id. 
Nonsense;  controsenso,  scioc- 

chezza,  stupidaggine,  spropo- 

siti. 

Nonsensical ;  sciocco,  insulso. 
Nonsuit;     i.    desistenza.       2. 

condannare  per  desistenza. 
Noodle;  scimunito. 
Nook;  cantuccio,  angolo. 
Noon ;  mezzodi,  mezzogiorno. 
Noose ;  nodo  scorsoio,  cappio. 
Nor;  ne,  neanche. 
Normal;  ut. 

Norse;  scandinavo  antico. 
North ;   nord.      —   wind,    tra- 

montana. 
North-east;  nord-est.  — wind, 

grecale. 
North-west ;   nord-ouest. 

wind,  maestrale. 
Northerly;  del  nord,  settentrio- 

nale. 

Norway;  Norvegia. 
Norwegian ;    Norvegese.      — 

stove,   scaldavivande   norve- 

gese. 

Nose;   i.  naso,  muso.     2.  sen- 
tore.      3.   fiutare. 
Nosegay;  mazzetto. 
Nostril;  narice. 
Nostrum ;    rimedio    secrete    o 

brevettato. 
Not ;  non,  mica,  niente,  punto. 

—  at  all,  niente  afiatto. 
Notable;     i.    nolevole ;     — s, 

maggiorenti.     2.  abile. 
Notary ;  id. 
Notation ;  id. 
Notch;     i.    tacca,    intaccatura. 

2.  intaccare. 
Notejj.nota.    2.  segno,  marca. 

3.  biglietto,    letterina.       4. 
annotazione,    appunto.       5. 
punto  (d' interrogazione).    6. 
conto,  specifica.     7.  Promis- 
sory — ,  paghero;  —  of  hand, 
cambiale     all'    ordine.       8. 
Man  of  — ,  uomo  di  vaglia, 
uomo   notevole.      9.    canto, 
accento.    10.  notare,  prender 
nota,  osservare.    u.marcare, 
registrare. 

Note-book  ;   taccuino,   libretto 

per  gli  appunti. 
Noted ;    noto,    conosciuto,   in- 

signe. 


NOTE-PAPER— OF 


Ixxvii 


Note-paper;  carta  da  K-t- 
tere. 

Noteworthy ;  degno  di  nota. 

Nothing;  niente,  nulla.  To 
do  —  but,  non  fare  che.  To 
make  —  of,  non  far  caso  di. 
I  can  make  —  of  it,  non  me 
n'  intendo. 

Nothingness;  nullita. 

Notice ;  i.  avviso,  avverti- 
mento,  informazione,  notizia, 
osservazione  ;  Serve  —  upon, 
noti6care,  intimare  chiamata 
a  ;  —  to  leave,  congedo  ; 
Without  a  moment's  — ,  su- 
bito  ;  (Loan)  at  short  — ,  a 
breve  scadenza.  i.  osser- 
vare.  3.  badare  a,  occu- 
parsi  di.  4.  trattare  con 
riguardi. 

Noticeable;  percettibile. 

Notify ;  notificare. 

Notion;  nozione,  idea. 

Notori-ous,  -ety;  id. 

Notwithstanding;  ad  onta  di, 
nonostante,  a  dispetto  di, 
sebbene. 


Nought ;    nulla,   zero.     Set   at 

— ,  disprezzare. 
Noun ;  nome. 
Nourish ;    i.    nutrire.      i.    fo- 

mentare. 
Novel;    r.    nuovo.     2.    roman- 

zo. 

Novelist ;  romanziere. 
November;  novembre. 
Novice ;  novizio. 
Now;  adesso,  ora.     Before  — , 

gia.    Just  — ,  i.  proprio  ora, 

attualmente,  ora   come   ora, 

i.   poco  prima. 
Nowadays;    oggidi,  al  giorno 

d'  oggi. 

Nowhere  ;  in  nessun  luogo. 
Nowise  ;  in  nessun  modo. 
Noxious;  nocivo. 
Nozzle ;  becco,  beccuccio,  tubo. 
Nucleus;  nucleo. 
Nud-e,  -ity;  id. 
Nugatory;  vano,  senza  effetto. 
Nugget;  pepite. 
Nuisance  ;  noia,  incomodo. 
Null;  di  nessun  effetto. 
Nullify ;  annullare. 


Nullity;  id. 

Numb  ;  intirizzito,  intorpidito. 

Number;  i.  numero,  cifra. 
^.  fascicolo,  puntata.  3.  nu- 
merare. 

Numer-al,  -ator;  id. 

Numerical;  numerico. 

Numerous ;  id. 

Numismatic ;  id. 

Numskull;  minchione,  testac- 
cia. 

Nun  ;  religiosa,  monaca. 

Nuncio ;  nunzio. 

Nunnery;  convento. 

Nuptial ;  nuziale.     — s,  nozze. 

Nurse;  i.  nutrice,  balia,  infer- 
miera,  bambinaia.  2.  allat- 
tare.  3.  curare,  aver  o  pren- 
der  cura  di.  4.  allevare, 
fomentare.  5.  coltivare  (elet- 
tori).  6.  tenere  nelle  braccia. 

Nurse-child;  lattante. 

Nurse-maid;  bambinaia. 

Nursery;  i.  camera  dei  bam- 
bini, i.  semenzaio,  vivaio, 
piantonaio.  3.  asilo  infan- 
tile. 4.  bigattiera. 


Nurseryman  ;  giardiniere  che 
tiene  vivaio. 

Nursing;  i.  allattamento.  i. 
cura. 

Nursling ;  lattante,  poppan- 
te. 

Nurture;  educazione,mitrizione, 
allevamento. 

Nut;  i.  nocciuola.  Hazel  — , 
avellana.  2.  madrevite,  chi- 
occiola.  3.  capotasto  (di 
violino).  4.  dado  (d*  an- 
cora). 

Nut-brown ;  color  nocciuo- 
la. 

Nut-cracker;  i.  schiaccianoci, 
rompinoci.  2.  nocciolaio. 

Nut-gall ;  noce  di  galla. 

Nut-hatch  ;  picchio  muratore, 
picchiotto. 

Nutmeg;  noce  moscata. 

Nutri-ent,  -ment;  id. 

Nutritious;  nutritivo. 

Nutshell;  guscio. 

Nut-tree;  nocciuolo, 

Nymph;  ninfa. 


O 


Oaf;  stupido. 

Oak ;  quercia. 

Oak-apple;  galla. 

Oaken ;  di  quercia. 

Oakum ;  stoppa. 

Oar;  remo. 

Oarsman ;  rematore. 

Oasis;  oasi. 

Oat ;  vena.  Wild  — ,  vena  sal- 
vatica.  To  sow  one's  wild 
— s,  fare  lo  scapestrato,  cor- 
rer  la  cavallina. 

Oat-cake  ;  focaccia  di  vena. 

Oath;  i.  giuramento.  i.  be- 
stemmia. 

Oatmeal ;  farina  di  vena. 

Obdurate ;  indurito,  caparbio. 

Obedient ;  ubbidiente. 

Obeisance ;  riverenza. 

Obelisk;  id.,  aguglia. 

Obese;  id. 

Obey ;  ubbidire,  esser  soggetto. 

Obituary;  i.  necrologico.  i. 
notizia  necrologica.  3.  obi- 
tuario. 

Object;  i.  oggetto,  soggetto. 
1.  mira,  scopo,  fine.  3.  op- 
porsi,  fare  delle  obbiezioni, 
non  acconsentire,  obbiettare. 
4.  I  — to  that  person,  quella 
persona  non  mi  va  a  garbo. 

Objection ;  obbiezione,  oppo- 
sizione,  inconveniente,  argo- 
mento  contrario.  To  be  open 
to  — ,  portar  degP  inconve- 
nient!. To  be  free  from  — , 
non  aver  nulla  in  contrario. 

Objectionable ;  ripugnante, 
spiacevole,  poco  commende- 
vole,  da  evitare. 

Objective;  i.  oggettivo.  ».  mi- 
ra, scopo. 

Objectless ;  senza  fine. 

Object-lesson  ;  lezione  speri- 
mentale. 

Objector;  oppositore,  chi  so- 
stiene  la  parte  opposta. 


Objurgation ;  riprensione. 
Obligation ;    obbligo.      Under 

an  — ,  obbligato. 
Obligatory ;  obbligatorio. 
Oblige;   i.  costringere.     2.  ob- 

bligare,  fare  favore. 
Obliging;  compiacente,  cortese. 
Oblique ;  id.,  sbieco. 
Obliterate;  id. 
Oblivion;  id.,  obblio. 
Oblong;  bislungo. 
Obloquy;  censura,  disonore. 
Obnoxious;    i.  odioso,  colpe- 

vole,  nocivo.     i.    soggetto. 
Obnoxiousness ;  cattivila. 
Oboe;  id. 
Obol;  id. 
Obscene;  osceno. 
Obscure;  oscuro. 
Obsequies  ;  ossequie. 
Obsequious;  servilmente  adu- 

latore,  ossequioso. 
Obsequiousness ;     osservanza 

servile. 

Observe;  osservare. 
Obsessed;  ossesso. 
Obsolescent ;  che  va  in  disuso. 
Obsolete ;  disusato. 
Obstacle ;  ostacolo. 
Obstacle-race ;  corsa  (di  uomi- 

ni)  con  ostacoli. 
Obstetrics;  ostetrica. 
Obstinate ;   ostinato,  accanito, 

pervicace. 
Obstreperous;  strepitoso,  chi- 

assoso. 
Obstruct ;  ostmire,  intasare,  im- 

pedire.    Be  — ed,  ingorgarsi. 
Obtain ;     i.     ottenere,    conse- 

guire,  acquistare.     1.   preva- 

lere,    esser    di    moda,    esser 

stabilito. 

Obtrude  ;  intrudere. 
Obtrusive;  intruso,  imporluno, 

che  si  spinge    innanzi   quasi 

a  gomitate. 
Obtuse ;  ottuso,  spuntato. 


Obverse ;  faccia. 

Obviate ;  ovviare  a,  far  dispa- 
rire. 

Obvious ;  ovvio,  chiaro. 

Occasion;  i.  id.,  cagione. 
i.  Have  —  to,  aver  di  che, 
aver  motivo  per.  3.  As  — 
requires,  come  il  caso  ri- 
chiede,  secondo  il  caso.  4. 
cagionare,  far  nascere. 

Occasional;  i.  id.  2.  An  — 
rain,  un  piovere  di  tempo  in 
tempo. 

Occasionally;  alle  volte,  di 
quando  in  quando. 

Occidental;  id. 

Occiput ;  occipite. 

Occupancy ;  occupazione. 

Occupant ;  abitante,  chi  sta 
dentro.  I  found  the  nest 
but  its  — s  were  gone,  trovai 
il  nido  ma  non  c'  erano  piu 
gli  abitanti.  The  —  of  this 
bed,  chi  sta  in  questo  letto. 

Occup-ation,  -y;  id. 

Occupier ;  locatario. 

Occur;  occorrere,  accadere. 

Ocean;  id. 

Ocelot ;  pantera  del  Messico. 

Ochre  ;  ocra. 

Octagon ;  ottangolo. 

Octahedron;  ottaedro. 

Octave;  i.  ottava.  i.  bariletto 
di  78  litri. 

Octavo ;  in  ottavo. 

October;  ottobre. 

Octogenarian ;  oltogenario. 

Octopus;  polpo. 

Octoroon ;  ottavone. 

Ocular;  ocolare. 

Oculist;  id. 

Odalisque;  odalisca. 

Odd;  i.  impari,  dispari,  caflb; 
An  —  sock,  un  calzino  spai- 
ato,  o  scompagnato.  i.  biz- 
zarro,  fantastico,  strambo ; 
—  fellow,  originale.  3.  — 


moment,  momento  d'  avanzo ; 
The  —  money,  gli  spiccioli 
(che  formano  il  complemento 
d'unasomma),ilresto;  Some 
thirty  —  people,  trenta  per- 
sone  e  piu. 

Oddfellow ;  membro  della  so- 
cieta  di  mutuo  soccorso  con 
questo  nome. 

Oddity;  singolarita. 

Odd-looking;    d'  aspetto  sin- 

folare. 
ly ;     fantasticamente. 
enough,  per  caso  abbastanzn 
stranp. 

Oddment ;  pezzo  scompagnato. 

Odds;  i.  partito,  giunta.  i. 
probabilita  ;  It  was  any  — 
against  it,  si  poteva  scorn - 
mettere  mille  o  un  milione 
contro ;  The  —  against  it 
are  three  to  one,  ci  sono  tre 
probabilita  contro  una  che 
non  accada ;  To  fight  against 
heavy  — ,  combattere  con 
pochissima  probabilita  di 
successo.  Set  Hundred.  3. 

—  and  ends,  pezzi  e  bocconi, 
miscellanea,  ritagli. 

Ode;  id. 

Odious;  id. 

Odium ;  odio,  sfavore.  You 
do  these  things  and  the 
— •  falls  upon  me,  voi  le  fate 
e  la  colpa  sara  mia. 

Odour;  odore. 

Oecumenical ;  ecumenico. 

Oedema;  edema. 

Oesophagus;  esofago. 

Of;  di,  tra,  fra,  in.     Tenacious 

—  their  opinions,  tenaci  nelle 
loro  opinion!.     The  first  — 
January,   il    primo   gennaio. 
The  first  day  —  the  month, 
il  primo  del  mese.     It  is  very 
bad  —  you  to  have  done  this 
now,  e  stato  molto  male  da 


Ixxviii 


OFF— OUT 


parte  vostra  di  far  cosl  a 
quest'  ora.  It  is  very  kind 
—  you  to  come,  siete  molto 
buono  di  esser  venuto. 

Off;  da,  d'  addosso,  di  su. 
Far  — ,  lontano.  Be  —  ! 
via  !  —  with  your  hat  !  giu 
col  cappello.  Take  — ,  le- 
varsi  d  addosso.  Well  — , 
benestante.  • —  side,  lato 
destro. 

Offal;  ritagli,  frattaglie,  mala- 
carne. 

Offence ;  i.  offesa.  i.  colpa, 
delitto.  3.  Take  — ,  forma- 
lizzarsi,  andar  in  collera, 
offenders!. 

Offend;  i.  id.,  far  torto  a.  2. 
violare,  trasgredire. 

Offender;  colpevole. 

Offensive;    i.  id.,   sgradevole. 

2.  offensiva. 

Offer;    i.  offrire.     2.  provarsi. 

3.  offerta. 

Offering;  offerta,  oblazione. 

Offertory ;  id. 

Offhand;  i.  subito,  all"  improv- 
vista.  2.  disinvolto,  franco. 

Office;  i.  ufficio,  carico,  im- 
piego,  servizio  ;  —  hours,  ore 
d'  ufficio.  2.  studio,  gabi- 
netto,  banco,  cassa.  3.  For 
the  sake  of  gaining  — ,  per 
amor  del  potere.  4.  — s, 
camere  di  servizio,  dispense. 
5.  High  in  — ,  chi  copre  alto 
impiego. 

Office-bearer ;  impiegato,  in 
carica. 

Officer;  i.  ufficiale.  ».  — ed, 
prpvveduto  d'  ufficiali. 

Official ;  i.  ufficiale.  2.  im- 
piegato, funzionario. 

Officiate ;  funzionare,  ufficiare. 

Officinal;  id. 

Officious;  id. 

Officiousness  ;  officiosita,  in- 
gerenza  officiosa. 

Offing ;  In  the  • — ,  al  largo. 

Off  scouring;  feccia. 

Offset;  i.  compenso.  2.  see- 
mo.  3.  rimessiticcio. 

Offspring;  posteri, prole, frutto. 

Often ;  spesso,  sovente,  spesse 
volte,  molte  volte.  How  —  ? 
quante  volte  ? 

Ogee  ;  cimasa,  gola,  festone. 

Ogive ;  ogiva,  sesto  acuto. 

Ogle ;  adocchiare. 

Ogre;  orco. 

Oil ;  i.  olio.     i.  ungere. 

Oil-cloth ;  tela  cerata. 

Oil-cruet ;  boccetta  dell'  olio. 

Oiled  silk;  tela  incerata,  ince- 
rato. 

Oilman;  oliandolo. 

Oil-mill ;  fabbrica  d'  olio. 

Oil-painting;  quadro  dipinto 
a  olio. 

Oil-press;  torchio  da  olio. 

Oil-shop  ;  magazzino  da  olio. 

Oilskin ;  tela  incerata. 

Oily;  oleoso. 

Ointment;  unguento. 

Old;  i .  vecchio,  attempato.  2. 
antico. 

Old  clothes  man  ;  rigattiere. 

Old-fashioned  ;  di  foggia  an- 
tica,  di  moda  passata,  di  modi 
o  costumi  antichi. 


Oldish ;  attempatello,  vecchiot- 
to,  d'  eta  matura. 

Old  man ;  (hot.)  abrotano. 

Oleaginous;  id. 

Oleander;  oleandro. 

Oleaster;  oleastro. 

Oleograph ;  oleografia. 

Olibanum ;  olibano. 

Oligarchy;  id. 

Olive ;  oliva. 

Oliver;  Uliviero. 

Olive-coloured;  olivastro. 

Olive  tree ;  ulivo. 

Ombra ;  ombre. 

Omega;  iJ. 

Omelet;  frittata. 

Omen ;  presagio,  augurio. 

Ominous ;  sinistro,  di  cattivo 
augurio. 

Omission ;  id. 

Omit ;  omettere,  tralasciare. 

Omnibus;  id. 

Omnifarious ;  d'  ogni  specie. 

Omnipotent;  onnipotente. 

Omniscient ;  onnisciente. 

Omnivorous;  onnivoro. 

On  ;  su,  sopra,  a,  in.  —  the 
present  occasion,  nella  pre- 
sente  occasione.  —  my 
honour,  a  parola  d'  onore. 
And  so  — ,  e  via  discorrendo. 

Once ;  una  volta,  un  tempo. 
All  at  — ,  (a)  tutti  insieme, 
(6)  a  un  tratto.  —  more, 
ancora  una  volta.  —  for  all, 
una  volta  per  sempre. 

One;  i.  uno.  2.  si.  3.  - 
another,  1"  un  1"  altro.  4. 
Any  — ,  chiunque,  chi  che 
sia.  5.  All  — ,  tutto  lo 
stesso.  6.  —  Smith,  un 
nominato  Smith. 

One-eyed;  monocolo. 

Oneness;  unita. 

Onerous;  id. 

Oneself;  se  stesso. 

One-sided ;  partita  o  altro  dove 
uno  dei  contendenti  ha  tutti 
i  vantaggi. 

Onion ;  cipolla. 

Only ;  solo,  unico. 

Onset ;  assalto. 

Onslaught;  attacco. 

Onward  ;  avanti.  Move  — , 
avanzarsi. 

Onyx ;  onice. 

Ooze;  i.  stillare,  gemere.  2. 
fanghiglia. 

Opal ;  opalo. 

Opaque ;  opaco. 

Open;  i.  aprire,  schiudere.  7. 
aperto,  manifesto.  3.  — 
season,  stagione  mite.  4.  — 
work,  lavoro  a  giorno.  5. 
In  the  —  air,  a  cielo  sco- 
perto.  6.  —  account,  conto 
corrente.  7.  Keep  the  ac- 
count — ,  mantenere  aperto  il 
conto. 

Opener ;  primo  oratore. 

Open-eyed;  vigilante. 

Open-handed;  generoso, largo. 

Open-hearted;  franco,  aperto, 
sincero. 

Opening;  i.  apertura.  2. 
esordio.  3.  sbocco,  prospet- 
tiva.  4.  nascente,  inco- 
minciante. 

Openness;  i.  franchezza.  2. 
mitezza  (di  stagione). 


Opera  ;   id.      Comic  — ,  opera 

buffa. 

Opera-glass ;  binoccolo. 
Oper-ate,  -ation,  -ator;  id. 
Ophthalmic ;  oftalmico. 
Opiate ;  oppiato. 
Opinion ;  id. 
Opinionated  ;  ostinato  nelle  sue 

opinioni. 
Opium;  oppio. 
Opossum ;  sariga. 
Opponent ;  avversario. 
Opportun-e,  -ism,  -ist,  -ity  ; 

id. 

Oppose ;  opporre,  contrariare. 
Opposite;  opposto. 
Oppress;  opprimere. 
Opprobrium ;  obbrobrio. 
Optic ;  ottico. 
Optimism ;  ottimismo. 
Option;  scelta,  opzione. 
Optional ;  facoltativo,  libero  a 

scegliersi. 
Opulent;  id. 

Or  ;  o,  od.     —  else,  altrimenti. 
Oracular;  d'  oracolo. 
Oracularly;  da  oracolo. 
Oral;  id. 
Orange ;   arancia,   melarancia. 

Seville  — ,  arancia  forte. 
Orange-blossom ;  fiore  d'aran- 

cio. 
Orange  chips;  scorzed'  arancia 

candite. 
Orange-flower  water;   acqua 

nanfa. 

Orange-house;  aranciera. 
Orange-peel;  scorzad' arancia. 
Orange-tree ;    arancio,    mela- 

rancio. 

Orang-outang ;  orangotan. 
Oration,  Orator;  id. 
Oratorio;  id. 
Oratory;    i.  arte  oratoria.     2. 

oratorio. 

Orb ;  orbe,  globo. 
Orbit ;  orbita. 
Orchard ;      verziere,     frutteto. 

Apple  — ,  pomelo.    Pear  — , 

pereto.     Cherry  — ,  ciliegeto. 
Orchestr-a,  -al,  -ation;  id. 
Orchis,  Orchid;  orchide. 
Ordain ;     i.    comandare.       2. 

ordinare. 

Ordeal ;  prova,  cimento. 
Order;   i.   ordine,  metodo,  re- 

gola.     2.  classe,  specie.     3. 

regolamento.      4.    mandate, 

biglietto ;    —   to  view,   per- 

messo.     5.  comando.     6.  In 

—  to,  per,  a  fine  di.     7.   Out 
of  — ,  (a)  contrario  ai  buon 
ordine,  (/>)  fuor  del  suo  posto, 
(c)  guasto,  incapace  d'  agire. 
8.   ordinare,  comandare.     9. 

—  about,  mandar  da  destra 
a  sinistra,  montare  in  capo  a. 
10.   —  away,  dire  d'  andar- 
sene. 

Orderly;  i.  regolare,  metodico. 

2.  soldato  che  fa  da  staffetta. 

3.  Street  — ,  spazzino. 
Ordinal,    Ordinance,    Ordi- 
nary;  id. 

Ordinate ;  ordinata. 
Ordination;  id. 
Ordnance;  artiglieria. 
Ordure;  lordura. 
Ore ;  minerale,  il  metallo  grezzo 
colla  ganga. 


Organ,  -ic,  -ise,  -ism,  -ist; 
id. 

Organ-blower,  -builder;  sof- 
fiatore,  fabbricatore,  d'  or- 
gani. 

Organ-pipe  ;  canna  d'  organo. 

Organzine ;  id. 

Orgasm ;  id. 

Orgy ;  orgia. 

Oriel  window ;  finestra  gotica 
sporgente,  o  in  accollo. 

Oriental ;  id. 

Orifice;  oritizio. 

Oriflamme  ;  orifiauima. 

Origin,  -al,  -ate,  -ator;  id. 

Oriole ;  rigogolo. 

Orison ;  preghiera. 

Orleans  cloth;  aleppina. 

Orlop  deck ;  corridoio,  falso 
ponte. 

Ormolu ;  bronzo  dorato. 

Ornament,  -al,  -ation,  Or- 
nate ;  id. 

Ornithology;  ornitologia. 

Orphan;  orfano. 

Orpiment;  id. 

Orrery ;  planetario. 

Orris ;  gaggiolo.  • 

Orseille;  orcella. 

Orthodox ;  ortodosso. 

Orthography ;  ortografia. 

Orthopedic ;  ortopedico. 

Ortolan ;  id. 

Oryx;  orice. 

Oscillate;  oscillare. 

Osculating;  osculatore. 

Osier ;  salcio  da  ceste,  salciuolo. 

Osmunda;  osmonda. 

Osprey ;  falco  pescatore,  aquila 
di  mare. 

Osseous;  osseo. 

Ossify;  ossificare. 

Ostensible;  id.,  preteso. 

Ostentation  ;  id.,  fasto,  boria. 

Ostentatious ;  borioso,  pom- 
poso. 

Ostler;  stalliere,  mozzo  di  stalla. 

Ostrac-ise,  -ism ;  id. 

Ostrich;  stru/./.<>. 

Other;  altro.  On  the  —  side, 
dalF  altra  parte.  On  the  — 
hand,  v.  Hand  (26).  Each 
— ,  1*  un  1'  altro,  gli  uni  gli 
altri. 

Otherwise  ;  altrimenti,  se  no. 

Otiose ;  negligente,  fatto  con 
incuria. 

Otter;  lontra. 

Otter-hound;  cane  per  la  cac- 
cia  della  lontra. 

Oubit ;  bruco  peloso. 

Ought;  deve,  dovevo,  dovrei, 
v.  Dovere,  Bisognare.  It  — 
to  be  somewhere  about  here, 
deve  essere  in  qualche  posto 
qui  vicino.  It  —  to  have 
been  here,  doveva  esser  qui. 
It  —  to  be  so,  dovrebbe  esser 
cosl. 

Ounce;  r.  oncia.     2.  pantera. 

Our;  nostro. 

Ousel;  i.  merlo  col  petto  bi- 
anco. 2.  Ringed  — ,  merlo 
acquaiolo,  o  col  collare. 

Oust ;  sloggiare,  spossessare. 

Out;  i.  fuori.  2.  uscito.  3. 
spento,  finito.  4.  of  troops, 
police,  in  servizio.  5.  sboc- 
ciato.  6.  The  sun  is  — ,  c'  e 
sole.  7.  (Journey)  —  and 


OUT   OF— OVER-LOAD 


Ixxix 


home,  di  anclata  e  ritornata. 
8.  pubblicato.  9.  —  loud, 
ad  alta  voce.  10.  To  be  — , 
sbagliare.  1 1 .  —  and  — ,  a 
fondo,  complete,  matricolato, 
arci-.  12.  alia  fine,  a  ol- 
tranza.  13.  al  giuoco  di 
cricket,  messo  fuori  del  gi- 
uoco. 

See  also  Outside. 
Out  of ;  i.  per  (invidia,  gaiezza, 
malumore).     2.   da.     3.   fra. 

4.    To  be it,  (a)  tro- 

varsi  in  mal  posto,  cattiva- 
mente  situate,  a  mal  parti- 
to,  (*)  non  prendervi  parte, 
(c)  non  averne  in  casa,  o  in 
magazzino,  (ii)  to  be  well  — 

—  it,  (o)  esserne  felicemente 
scappato,  (ft)  esserne  gia  una 
buona  distanza  uscito.     5.  — 

—  hand,  (a)  subito,  su  quel 

subito,  (6)  to  get hand, 

guadagnare  la  mano  al  coc- 
chiere.  6.  fuor  di  (pericolo, 
memoria,  vista).  7.  • —  — 
date,  troppo  vecchio  (per 
esser  pagato).  8.  Times  — 

—  number,  piii  volte  che  si 
possono  contare ;  Three  times 

four,  tre  volte  su  quat- 

tro.      9.     Grown   —   —   all 
knowledge,  cresciuto  fino  a 
che  non  si  conosce  piu.     10. 

-  —  place,  (a)  senza  im- 
piego,  (6)  mal  (posto,  detto, 
fatto),  inopportune,  n.  — 

—  print,   esaurito,   fuori   di 

commercio.    12. court, 

senza  mezzi  per  sostenere  le 

proprie  ragioni.     13. 

the  way,  fuori  di  mano,  fuor 
di  strada. 

Outbalance ;    pesare    di    piu, 

vincere,  sopravanzare,  oltre- 

passare. 
Outbid;   fare  un'  offerta  supe- 

riore,  rincarare  su. 
Outbreak;  scoppio,  eruzione. 
Outbuilding;  dipendenza. 
Outburst;  esplosione,  scoppio. 
Outcast ;  proscritto,  esiliato. 
Outclassed ;     soverchiato    dai 

suoi  concorrenti. 
Outcome ;  risultato,  portato. 
Outcrop ;  aftioramento. 
Outcry ;  grido,  clamore. 
Outdare ;  affrontare. 
Outdistance ;  sorpassare. 
Outdo ;  sopraffare. 
Outdoor;    i.    all'  aria  aperta. 

2.  —   relief,  assistenza   do- 
miciliare. 

Outer;  esterno,  esteriore. 
Outermost ;  il  piii  esterno. 
Outface;  soverchiare  sfacciata- 

mente. 

Outfall ;  foce,  imboccatura. 
Outfit;  dotazione,  equipaggiato, 

corredo. 
Outfitter;   fabbricante  d'  abiti, 

fornitore. 

Outflank;  girare. 
Outflow ;  sgorgamento,  scarica- 

mento. 

Outgeneral ;  vincere  in  tattica. 
Outgo,  Outgoings ;  spese. 
Outgrow;     i.     divenir    troppo 

grande    per.      2.    ricredersi. 

3.  sbarazzarsi  di ;  The  nation 


had  outgrown  its  old  institu- 
tions, La  nazione  era  cre- 
sciuta,  le  sue  vecchie  istitu- 
zioni  non  gli  andavano  piu. 

Outgrowth ;  escrescenza. 

Outhaul ;  tira-fuori,  alafuori. 

Outhouse ;  tettoia,  capanna, 
capanno,  capannella,  rimes- 
sa,  padiglione,  casipola,  ba- 
raccone. 

Outing ;  scampagnata. 

Outlandish ;  strano,  bizzarre. 

Outlast ;  durare  piu  di. 

Outlaw;  proscritto. 

Outlawry ;  proscrizione. 

Outlay;  spesa,  sborso. 

Outlet ;  esito,  sfogo,  sbocco, 
uscita,  scolo,  emissario. 

Outline;  i.  contorno.  i.  schiz- 
zo.  3.  abbozzo.  4.  —  map, 
carla  muta.  5.  sbozzare. 

Outlive ;  sopravvivere  a. 

Outlook;  prospettiva,  prospetlo. 

Outlying;  lontano,  appartato. 

Outmanceuvre;  sventare. 

Outmarch ;  camminare  piii 
presto  di. 

Outmost ;  v.  Outermost. 

Outnumber;  sorpassare  in  nu- 
mero. 

Outpace ;  v.  Outmarch. 

Outpatient ;  malato  esterno. 

Outpost ;  posto  avanzato. 

Outpouring ;  effusione. 

Output ;  produzione. 

Outrage ;  oltraggio. 

Outrageous;  oltraggioso,  esa- 
gerato,  enorme. 

Outrance;  oltranza. 

Outre ;  eccessivo,  esagerato. 

Outreach ;  ingannare,  gabbare. 

Outrider;  battistrada. 

Outrigger;  barchetta  da  corsa 
con  remi  su  scalmi  a  braccioli 
sporgenti. 

Outright ;  schietto  e  netto,  (ri- 
dere)  sgangheratamente. 

Outrival;  superare  in. 

Outrun ;  oltrepassare  corren- 
do. 

Outrush ;  fuga. 

Outset ;  principio,  avviamento. 

Outshine  ;  eclissare. 

Outside;  i.  esterno,  esteriore, 
a  parte,  fuori,  al  di  fuori. 
2.  sul  tetto,  sull'  imperiale 
(d'  una  carrozza).  3.  roso- 
lato.  4.  —  broker,  agente 
di  cambio  estraneo  alia  Borsa. 
5.  At  the  — ,  at  the  very  — , 
al  piu,  tutt'  al  piu.  6.  —  car, 
calesse  irlandese. 

Outsider;  i.  estraneo.  2.  ca- 
vallo  che  ha  poca  probabilita 
di  vincere  la  corsa. 

Outskirts;  sobborghi. 

Outspan ;  staccare. 

Outspoken  ;  chiaro  e  netto,  ar- 
dito. 

Outspokenness;  franchezza. 

Outspread ;  spiegato. 

Outstand ;  sopportare. 

Outstanding;  i.  in  pendenza. 
2.  —  debt,  pendenza. 

Outstay ;  To  —  one's  welcome, 
abusare  dell'  ospitalita. 

Outstretched;  steso. 

Outstrip;  oltrepassare. 

Outtalk;  far  tacere  a  furia  di 
parlare. 


Outvote ;  vincere  nella  vota- 
zione.  To  be  — d,  aver  la 
minorita  alia  votazione. 

Outwalk ;  camminare  piu  presto 
di. 

Outward ;  esteriore,  esterno. 

Outweigh  ;  pesare  piu  di.  This 
drawback  is  enough  to  —  all 
the  advantages  of  the  plan, 
quest'  inconveniente  basta 
per  neutralizzare  tutti  i  van- 
taggi  del  progetto. 

Outwit;  metier  in  sacco,  gab- 
bare,  truffare. 

Outwork ;  opera  avanzata. 

Oval;  id. 

Ovation;  id. 

Oven ;  forno. 

Over;  i.  su,  sopra,  di  sopra,  al 
di  sopra,  per,  durante.  2.  (in 
composition)  troppo,  all'  ec- 
cesso,  stra-,  v.  Overanxious, 
Overfull,  etc.  3.  — against, 
in  faccia,  dirimpetto.  4.  Be 
— ,  (a)  esser  finito,  (*)  avan- 
zare.  5.  Give  — ,  tralasciare. 
6.  Turn  — ,  voltare.  7.  All 
— ,  (a)  finito,  (k)  dappertutto. 
8.  —  the  way,  dall'  altra 
parte  della  strada.  9.  — 
and  —  again,  molte  volte. 
10.  al  giuoco  di  cricket, 
numero  delle  palle  date  dal 
bowler. 

Overact ;  esagerare  (da  parte 
d'  un  attore). 

Overall;  i.  soprabito,  palton 
leggero,  cotta.  2.  — s,  cal- 
zoni  grossolani  messi  sopra  i 
calzoni  proprii,  sopraccalzoni. 

Overanxious ;  troppo  deside- 
roso,  (o  avido,  o  inquieto). 

Overarching;  incurvato a guisa 
di  volta. 

Overawe ;  far  stare  a  segno, 
intimidire,  mettere  o  tenere 
in  soggezione. 

Overbalance  ;  sbilanciare,  tra- 
collare. 

Overbear ;  domare,  soggiogare. 

Overbearing;  altiero.  An  — 
man,  un  prepotente,  un  man- 
giatutti. 

Overbid ;  v.  Outbid. 

Overboard ;  fuori  bordo,  nel 
mare. 

Overboil,  Overbuild ;  v.  Over 

(2). 

Overburden ;  sopraccaricare. 

Overcast;  i.  fare  un  soprag- 
gitto.  2.  arrivare  (somman- 
do)  ad  un  totale  oltre  il  vero. 
3.  nuvoloso. 

Overcharge;  i.  chiedere  un 
prezzo  esorbitante,  far  pagare 
troppo  caro.  2.  sopraccari- 
care. 

Overcloud ;  rannuvolare. 

Overcoat ;  soprabito,  paltone, 
sopraggiubba. 

Overcome ;  superare,  esser  su- 
periore  a,  sormontare. 

Over-confident, Over-credu- 
lous ;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overcrowd ;  ingombrare  con 
troppa  roba. 

Overdo ;  i.  esagerare.  2.  so- 
praflfare,  strapazzare.  3.  far 
cuocere  troppo.  4.  —  one- 
self, fatica;  oi  troppo. 


Overdose  ;  dose  troppo  forte. 
Overdraft ;    trazione  allo  sco- 

perto. 
Overdraw;    i.  trarre  allo  sco- 

perto.     2.   esagerare. 
Overdressed ;    vestito    troppo 

sfarzosamente. 
Overdrive ;  strapazzare. 
Overdue ;     (efletto)     in    sofle- 

renza. 

Over-eager;  v.  Over  (2). 
Overeat ;  caricarsi  lo  stomaco. 
Over-estimate ;  stimar  troppo 

alto. 

Over-excite ;  sovreccitare. 
Over-exert  oneself ;   sforzarsi 

troppo. 

Over-fatigue;  v.  Over-tire. 
Overfed ;  troppo  nutrito. 
Overfeed ;  dar  troppo  da  man- 

giare,  impinzare. 
Overfill;     i.    riempire   troppo. 

2.  rimpinzare. 

Overfish ;  pescare  troppo  in, 
far  scemare  i  pesci  in.  The 
river  has  been  — ed,  i  pesci 
nel  fiume  sono  scemati  di 
numero  per  troppa  pesca- 
gione. 

Overflow ;  i .  traboccare,  strari- 
pare.  2.  inondare.  3.  sco- 
lare.  4.  scarico.  5.  — 
meeting,  un'  assemblea  sup- 
plementare. 

Over-fond, -forward, -greedy; 
v.  Over  (2). 

Overfull ;  strapieno,  troppo 
pieno. 

Overgrown ;  i.  cresciuto  troppo 
presto,  cresciuto  troppo  per  la 
sua  eta.  2.  coperto  d'  er- 
baggio,  d'  edera,  o  simile. 

Overhand  ;  (al  giuoco  di 
cricket)  colla  mano  alzata 
piu  alta  del  gomito,  o  (al 
baseball)  piii  alta  della  spalla. 

Overhang;  i.  esser  sospeso 
su.  2.  strapiombare,  pen- 
dere  in  fuori,  aggettare. 

Over-happy,  -haste,  -hasty; 
v.  Over  (2). 

Overhaul;  i.  esaminare,  ispe- 
zionare.  2.  raggiungere. 

Overhead  ;  in  su,  nella  camera 
al  piano  superiore  al  nostro. 

Overhear ;  sentire  per  caso, 
carpire.  I  listened  and  — d 
hi_s  secret,  stetti  attento  e 
carpii  il  suo  segreto. 

Overheat ;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overhoused ;  con  una  casa 
troppo  grande  per  le  nostre 
entrate. 

Overissue;  emissione  eccessiva. 

Overjoyed;  lietissimo. 

Overland ;  per  terra. 

Overlap;  i.  accavalcare.  2. 
intr.,  ricoprirsi  dagli  orli. 

3.  fig.,  di  impieghi  o  associa- 
zioni  che  occupano  in  parte 
lo  stesso  terreno. 

Overlarge;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overlay;  i.  tacco.  2.  coprire, 
incrostare.  3.  sofibcare  (bam- 
bino) in  letto. 

Overleaf;  dall' altra  parte  della 
pagina. 

Overlie ;  v.  Overlay  (3). 

Over-load,    -long ;    v.    Over 


Ixxx 


OVERLOOK— PALETTE 


Overlook;  i.  dominare  dall'  al- 
to, esser  a  cavaliere  di.  2. 
sorvegliare,  soprintendere, 
soprastare.  3.  lasciare  inos- 
servato,  non  osservare.  4. 
perdonare.  5.  dare  il  mal 
occhio. 

Overlooker ;  soprastante. 

Overlord  ;  feudatario  superiore 
agli  altri. 

Overlying ;  sovrapposto. 

Overman;  i.  chi  ha  in  carico 
le  opere  sotterranee  d'  una 
miniera.  2. — ned.controp- 
po  personale. 

Overmantel;  intelaiaturasopra 
il  camino. 

Overmastering ;  prepotente, 
dominante. 

Overmeasure ;  i.  soprammi- 
sura.  2.  stimare  una  grandez- 
za  piu  della  vera  (misurando). 

Overmuch ;  troppo. 

Overnight ;  durante  la  sera 
precedente. 

Overpaid ;  troppo  salariato. 

Over-persuade ;  persuadere  di 
fare  il  contrario  del  proprio 
desiderio. 

Overplus ;  soprappiu. 

Overpower;  sopraffare. 

Overpowering;  schiacciante. 

Overpraise  ;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overrate  ;  stimare  troppo  alto. 

Overreach ;  ingannare,  truffare. 
—  oneself,  stendersi  troppo 
avanti. 

Over-refined;  sopraffino. 

Over-refinement ;  sottigliezza 
esagerata. 

Override ;  i.  strapazzare.  t. 
metier  da  parte,  metier  sotto 
i  piedi,  non  far  niente  di, 
scartare. 


Overripe ;  marcio,  strafatto. 

Over-roast ;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overrule  ;  decidere  contro.  1 
was — d,  il  mio  consiglio  non 
venne  accettato. 

Overrun ;  i.  scorrere.  2.  in- 
festare,  spandersi  sopra. 

Over-scrupulous ;  meticoloso. 

Overseas ;  oltremare. 

Overseer ;  soprintendente,  i- 
spettore. 

Oversell ;  vendere  troppo,  ven- 
der piu  di  quel  che  si  ha. 

Overset ;  rovesciare,  far  ribal- 
tare. 

Overshadow ;  ombreggiare. 

Overshoe;  soprascarpa,  calo- 
scia. 

Overshoot ;  oltrepassare. 

Overshot ;  spinto  da  actjua  che 
cade  sulle  pale  da  di  sopra. 

Oversight ;  svista,  sbaglio. 

Oversleep ;  dormir  troppo,  dor- 
mir  oltre  1'  ora. 

Oversleeve ;  soprammanica. 

Overspend ;  v .  Over  (2). 

Overspread ;  spandersi  sopra. 

Overstate ;  esagerare,  caricare. 

Overstay ;  — •  one's  time,  re- 
stare  oltre  1'  ora  dovuta. 

Overstep ;  oltrepassare,  tras- 
gredire. 

Overstock;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overstrain;  spingere all' ecces- 
so.  —  oneself,  sforzarsi 
troppo. 

Overstrained;  i.  esagerato, 
troppo  forzato.  2.  strapaz- 
zato. 

Over-stretched ;  v.  Over- 
strained. 

Overstrewn ;  sparso,  tempesta- 
to. 

Overstrong;  v.  Over  (2). 


Overstrung ;  sovreccitato. 

Oversupply  ;  sovrabbondanza, 
v.  Over  (2),  offcrta  superiore 
alia  richiesta. 

Overt ;  aperto. 

Overtake;  i.  raggiungere.  2. 
rimettersi  in  pari. 

Overtask ;  far  faticare  sover- 
chiamente,  imporre  un  lavoro 
troppo  forte  a,  sopraccari- 
care. 

Overtax;  i.  tassare  soverchia- 
mente.  2.  v.  Overtask. 

Over-taxation;  tasse eccessive. 

Overthrow;  i.  rovesciare,  dis- 
fare,  rovinare.  2.  rovina, 
disfatta. 

Overtime ;  ore  straordinarie. 

Overtire;  far  stancare  all' ecces- 
so.  — d,  spossato. 

Overtop ;  soprastare,  sorpas- 
sare. 

Overture;  i.  offerta,  proposi- 
zione.  2.  preludio. 

Overturn;  i.  rovesciare,  capo- 
volgere,  sovvertire,  mandar 
sossopra.  2.  ribaltare. 

Overvalue ;  stimare  oltre  il 
valore. 

Overweening ;  presuntuoso. 

Overweight;  eccedente  di  peso, 
soprappiu. 

Overwhelm;  i.  coprire  con  un 
monte  di  roba,  sopraffare, 
spandersi  dappertutto  su,  ro- 
vinare su,  piombare  su.  2. 
colmare. 

Overwise;  v.  Over  (2). 

Overwork;  i.  sopraffare,  stra- 
pazzare, far  lavorare  troppo. 

1.  v.  Over  (2). 
Overwrought;  i.  v.  Overtired. 

2.  sovreccitato. 
Oviduct;  ovidotto. 


Oviparous;  oviparo. 

Ovoid;  ovoidale. 

Ovule;  ovolo. 

Owe;    i.  dovere,  essere  obbli- 
gato  o  tenuto.    2.  To  be  — d 
by,  avanzare  da ;    Do   I   - 
you   anything?    che    avanza 
Ella  da  me? 

Owing;  i.  dovuto.  2.  grazia 
a,  da  atlribuirsi  a;  That  is 
—  to,  cio  proviene  da. 

Owl ;  allocco,  assiolo,  barba- 
gianni,  civetta,  gufo,  strige. 

Owlish ;  da  gufo. 

Own;  i.  proprio;  My  —  self, 
io  stesso.  2.  possedere.  3. 
riconoscere  per.  4.  confes- 
sare,  accusare. 

Owner;  i.  proprietario,  pa- 
drone. 2.  armatore. 

Ownership  ;  proprieta,  signo- 
ria,  padronanza. 

Ox ;  hue,  bove. 

Oxalic ;  ossalico. 

Ox-eye ;  occhio  di  bite,  marghe- 
rita. 

Oxide ;  ossido. 

Oxlip ;  primavera  maggiore. 

Oxonian  ;  studente  di  Oxford. 

Oxygen ;  ossigeno. 

Oyster;  ostrica. 

Oyster-bed  ;  ostricaio,  banco 
d'  ostriche. 

Oyster-catcher ;  beccaccia  di 
mare. 

Oyster  fishery ;  pesca  di  os- 
triche. 

Oyster  knife  ;  coltello  da  os- 
triche. 

Oyster-patty ;  pasticcetto  di 
ostriche. 

Oyster-shell;  guscio  d'  ostri- 
ca. 


Pabulum ;  nutrimento,  cibo. 

Pace ;  i .  passo ;  Keep  —  with, 
camminare  del  pari  con.  2. 
velocita.  3.  —  out,  misu- 
rare  a  passi. 

Pace-maker ;  cavallo  che  re- 
gola  una  corsa  al  principio. 

Pachyderm ;  pachidermo. 

Pacific,  Pacify;  id. 

Pack;  i .  balla,  pacco.  i.  muta 
(di  cani),  branco  (di  lupi), 
mano  (di  ladri),  mazzo  (di 
carte).  3.  imballare,  far  fa- 
gotto. 4.  --  off,  mandar 
via.  5.  — ed  jury,  giurati 
scelti  da  parte  dell'  accusa ; 
— ed  meeting,  riunione  quasi 
pubblica  ma  organizzata  in 
modo  da  escludere  le  persone 
della  parte  opposta. 

Package ;  pacchetto,  collo. 

Packer;  imballatore. 

Packet;  i.  pacchetto.  2.  piro- 
scafo  o  vapore  postale. 

Pack-horse ;  cavallo  da  soma. 

Pack-ice ;  agglomerazione  di 
campi  di  ghiaccio. 

Packing  (of  a  piston) ;  guari  i 
tura,  baderna. 

Packing-case ;  cassa. 


Packing-needle  ;  passacorde, 
ago  da  balle. 

Packing-paper ;  carta  straccia. 

Packing-screw;  cava-baderne. 

Packing-sheet ;  tela  da  imbal- 
laggio. 

Pack-mule ;  mulo  da  soma. 

Pack-saddle;  basto. 

Packthread ;  spago,  cordici- 
na. 

Pact;  patto. 

Pad;  i.  guancialetto,  cercine, 
cuscinetto,  batufolo ;  Writing 
— ,  sottomano  ;  —  for  fenc- 
ing, piastrone.  2.  imbottire, 
riempire  di  borra. 

Pad-cloth ;  coperta  da  caval- 
lo. 

Padding ;  borra,  ovatta,  bam- 
bagia,  ripieno,  imbottitura, 
fortezza. 

Paddle ;  i.  pagaia,  pala.  2. 
sguazzare. 

Paddle-box;  tamburo. 

Paddle-shaft;  albero  di  ruota. 

Paddle-steamer;  vapore  a  ru- 
ote. 

Paddle-wheel ;  ruota  a  pale. 

Paddock ;  parco,  chiuso,  re- 
cinto  di  chiusura. 


Paddy;    j.    Irlandese.     2.    riso 

nel    guscio,    prima    d'   esser 

brillato. 
Padlock;   i.  lucchetto.     2.  al- 

lucchettare. 
Paean ;  peano. 
Pagan;  id. 
Page;    i.    pagina.     2.    paggio. 

3.   numerare  le  pagine  d'  un 

libro. 

Pageant ;  spettacolo  fastoso. 
Pagoda ;  id. 
Pail;  secchia,  bigonciuolo.  Milk 

— ,  secchio. 
Pain;    i.   dolore,  pena.     2.   far 

dolore  a.     3.   contristare. 
Painful ;  doloroso,  penoso. 
Painless ;  senza  dolore. 
Pains ;  pena,  fatica,  cura,  pre- 

mura. 
Painstaking ;  diligente,  premu- 

roso,  sollecito. 
Paint;    i.   colore.     2.  belletto. 

3.    dipingere.      4.    imbellet- 

tare.     5.   —  out,  cancellare 

col  pennello. 

Paint-box ;  scatola  da  colon'. 
Paint-brush ;  pennello. 
Painted  lady;  farfalla  del  car- 
do. 


Painter;  i.  pittore.  2.  bar- 
betta. 

Painting;  pittura. 

Pair;  i.  paio,  pariglia.  2. 
branca  (di  scale).  3.  ap- 
paiare  ;  Nel  gergo  parlanien- 
tare,  to  be  paired  significa 
trovare  una  persona  apparte- 
nente  al  partito  opposto  al 
nostro  che  s'  impegna  di 
astenersi  con  noi  da  una 
qualunque  votazione. 

Pal ;  complice,  compare. 

Palace;  palazzo. 

Paladin;  id. 

Palaeography  etc. ;  paleo- 
grafia  ecc. 

Palanquin;  palanchino. 

Palatable ;  grato  al  gusto,  sa- 
porito. 

Palate;  palato. 

Palatial ;  da  palazzo,  grandioso. 

Palatine ;  palatino. 

Palaver;  i.  ragionamento,  di- 
ceria,  colloquio.  2.  confabu- 
lare,  discorrere. 

Pale ;  i .  pallido,  smorto,  scialbo. 
2.  limit  i,  territorio.  3.  im- 
pallidiie. 

Palette;  tavolozza. 


PALFREY— PASSIONLESS 


Ixxxi 


Palfrey;  palafreno. 

Palimpsest ;  palinsesto. 

Palindrome ;  id. 

Paling;  steccato,  stecconato. 

Palinode ;  palinodia. 

Palisade;  stecconaia. 

Pall ;   i .  coltre  mortuaria,  drap- 

po   mortuario.      2.    diventar 

insipido. 

Palladium ;  palladio. 
Pallet;  pagliericcio. 
Palliasse;  pagliericcio,  saccone. 
Palliate ;  palliare. 
Pallid;  pallidetto. 
Pallium;  pallio. 
Palm;    i.    palma.     i.    palmo. 

3.   patta  (d'  ancora).     4.  — • 

off,  far  credere  a,  far  accet- 

tare   (per).      j.    Grease   the 

— s,  ungere  le  mani. 
Palmer ;  palmiere. 
Palmer-worm ;  bruco. 
Palmetto;  palma  da  ventaglio. 
Palmiped;  id. 
Palmistry;  chiromanzia. 
Palm-oil;  olio  di  palma. 
Palm-Sunday;  domenica delle 

palme. 
Palm-wine  ;    liquore  distillate 

dal  sugo  di  certe  palme. 
Palmy ;  glorioso,  eroico. 
Palpable;  id. 
Palpation ;  palpamento. 
Palpit-ate,  -ation ;  id. 
Palsied  ;  paralitico. 
Palsy;  paralisi. 
Palter    with ;     usar    sottofugi, 

non  esser  franco  con. 
Paltry ;  meschino. 
Pampas-grass;  ginerio. 
Pamper ;  trattar  delicatamente, 

cibar  troppo. 
Pamphlet ;    opuscolo,    libello, 

libricino. 

Pamphleteer;  libellista. 
Pan ;    padella,    scodellino,    te- 

glia,      cassemola,       terrina. 

Dripping    — ,    ghiotta,    lec- 

carda. 

Panacea;  id. 
Panada ;  pancotto,  panata. 
Pancake;  frittella. 
Pancreas ;  id. 
Pandects;  pandette. 
Pandemonium ;  pandemonio. 
Pander;    i.    ruffiano.     2.   farsi 

il  compiacente. 
Pane ;  vetro. 
Panegyric;  panegirico. 
Panel;   i.   pannellu,  scomparti- 

mento.     i.   lista  dei  giurati. 

3.    rivestire  di  legno. 
Panelling ;  lavoro  a  formelle. 
Pang ;   dolore  vivo,  subitaneo, 

o  acuto,  angoscia. 
Panic ;  panico. 
Panicle;  pannocchia. 
Pannier ;  paniera,  cesto. 
Panoply;  panoplia. 
Panorama;  id. 
Pansy  ;  viola  del  pensiero. 
Pant;    i.    ansare.      2.    —   for, 

anelare. 
Pantaloon;    i.    I'antalone.     i. 

— s,  pantaloni,  calzoni. 
Pantheism ;  panteismo. 
Pantheon ;  panteone. 
Panther;  pantera. 
Pantile  ;    embrice  a  maschio  e 

femmina. 

H. 


Panting;  ansamento. 

Pantomime;  i.  mimica,  pan- 
tomima.  2.  dramma  fantas- 
tico  che  si  rappresenta  da 
Natale  in  poi. 

Pantry;  dispensa. 

Pap ;  panbollito. 

Papa ;  babbo,  papa. 

Papacy;  papato. 

Papal;  id. 

Papaw;  papaia. 

Paper;  i.  carta.  2.  giornale. 
3.  articolo,  saggio.  4.  Wall 
— ,  tappezzeria.  5.  Exami- 
nation — ,  foglio  d'  esame, 
foglio  di  question!.  6.  tap- 
pezzare. 

Paper  cap ;  berretto  di  carta. 

Paper-case;  cartella. 

Paperchase ;  caccia  dopo  dei 
pezzettini  di  carta. 

Paper-clip ;  serracarte. 

Paper-cutter ;  tagliacarte. 

Paper-fastener ;  serracarte. 

Paper-hanger;  tappezziere,  chi 
attacca  i  parati  ai  muri. 

Paper-holder;  serracarte,  por- 
tacarte. 

Paperknife ;  tagliacarte. 

Paper-mill;  cartiera. 

Paper  money ;  carta  moneta. 

Paper-seller ;  cartolaio. 

Paperweight ;  calcafogli,  cal- 
calettere,  pressacarte. 

Papier  mache ;  carta  pesta. 

Papyrus;  papiro. 

Par ;  pari.  —  of  exchange, 
parita  di  cambio. 

Parable ;  parabola. 

Parabola;  id. 

Parachute ;  paracadute. 
'  Paraclete ;  id. 

Parade;  i.  parata.  2.  osten- 
tazione,  millanteria.  3.  far 
pompa  di,  ostentare. 

Paradigm  ;  esempio. 

Paradise ;  id. 

Paradox;  paradosso. 

Paradoxical ;  paradossale. 

Paraffin ;  paraffma. 

Paragon ;  paragone,  modello. 

Paragraph ;  paragrafo,  capo- 
verso. 

Parallel;  i.  id.  i.  parago- 
nare. 

Parallel-ism,  -ogram ;  id. 

Paralogism ;  id. 

Paralysis;  paralisi. 

Paramount ;  sovrano,  sommo, 
superiore. 

Paramour;  amante,  drudo. 

Parapet;  parapetto. 

Paraphernalia;  roba.apparato, 
equipaggiamento. 

Paraphrase ;  parafras-i,  -are. 

Parasite;  parassita. 

Parasol;  ombrellino. 

Parboil ;  bollire  a  mezzo. 

Parbuckle  ;  lentia. 

Parcel;  i.  pacco,  plico,  piego, 
involto.  2.  pezzodi  terreno. 
3.  —  out,  spartire,  parteg- 
giare,  distribuire.  4.  (mar.) 
bendare. 

Parcelling;  benda. 

Parcel-post ;  serviziodei  pacchi 
postali. 

Parch ;  abbruciacchiare,  risec- 
chire,  torrefare,  inaridire. 

Parched ;  arso,  arsiccio,  adusto. 


Parchment ;  cartapecora,  per- 
gamena. 

Pardon ;  perdono. 

Pare ;  tagliarsi  (le  unghie),  sbuc- 
ciare,  mondare,  nettare. 

Parent;  i.  fig.  cagione,  sor- 
gente.  2.  — s,  genitori,  pa- 
renti. 

Parentage;  nascita,  stirpe. 

Parental ;  de'  genitori. 

Parenthesis;  parentesi,  inciso. 

Paresis;  paresi. 

Parget ;  intonacare. 

Parhelion;  parelio. 

Pariah;  paria. 

Parietal;  id. 

Paring ;  mondatura,  buccia. 

Parish ;  parrocchia. 

Parisian;  parigino. 

Parisyllabic ;  parisillabo. 

Parity ;  parita.  By  —  of  reason- 
ing, per  lo  stesso  ragiona- 
mento. 

Park;  parco. 

Parlance;  linguaggio. 

Parley;  i.  conferire,  parlamen- 
tare.  2.  conferenza,  abboc- 
camento. 

Parliament ;  parlamento. 

Parlour;  salotto. 

Parlous;  v.  Perilous. 

Parmesan ;  parmigiano. 

Parochial ;  parrocchiale. 

Parody;  id. 

Parole  ;  parola  d'  onnre. 

Paroxysm ;  parossismo. 

Parquet ;  pavimentare  in  leg- 
no. 

Parrakeet ;  parrocchetto. 

Parricidal;  parricida. 

Parricide;  i.  parricida.  2. 
parricidio. 

Parrot ;  pappagallo. 

Parry;  parare,  eludere. 

Parse ;  analizzare. 

Parsee;  Parsl. 

Parsimonious ;  economo,  gret- 
to,  risparmiatore. 

Parsley ;  prezzemolo. 

Parsnip;  pastinaca. 

Parson ;  prete,  curato. 

Parsonage ;  casa  di  curato. 

Part;  i.  parte.  2.  fascicolo. 
3.  dovere.  4.  — s,  ingegno, 
talento.  5.  Take  the  —  of, 
sostenere  le  parti  di.  6.  Take 
in  good  — ,  prender  in  buona 
parte.  7.  separate.  8.  la- 
sciarsi.  9.  —  with,  rinun- 
ciare,  disfarsi  di. 

Partake;  r.  partecipare.  2.  — 
of,  mangiare. 

Parterre;  i.  platea.  2.  par- 
terre. 

Partial;  parziale. 

Partially ;  in  parte. 

Participate ;  v.  Partake. 

Participle ;  participio. 

Particle ;  particella. 

Parti-coloured;  screziato. 

Particular;  i.  particolare.  2. 
fastidioso,  difficile,  esigente. 
3.  intimo. 

Particularise  ;  particoleggiare. 

Particularity ;  id.,  singolarita. 

Particularly;  specialmente.seg- 
natamente. 

Parting;  i.  separazione.  2.  di 
partenza.  J.  scriminatura. 

Partisan ;  partigiano. 


Partition;  i.  partizione.  i. 
tramezzo.  3.  luogo  separate. 
4.  (mns.)  spartito.  5.  distri- 
buire. 

Partitive ;  id. 

Partly;  parte,  in  parte. 

Partner;  j.  socio.  2.  com- 
pagno,  cavaliere,  compagna, 
clama.  3.  (mar.)  mastra. 

Partnership;  associazione.    - 
agreement,  contralto  di   so- 
cieta.     Enter  into  — ,  asso- 
ciarsi. 

Partridge;  pernice. 

Parturition  ;  parto,  il  figliare. 

Party;    i.    parte.      2.    partito. 

3.  brigata,    comitiva,   drap- 
pello.       4.     serata,    circolo, 
conversazione.    5.  Interested 
— ,  parte  interessata.    6.  Join 
the  — ,  Be  a  —  to,  prender 
parte  a.     7.  —  spirit,  spirito 
di  parte ;    —  man,  uomo  di 
partito.    8.  —  wall,  muro  di- 
visorio. 

Parvenu ;  nuovo  arricchito,  vil- 
lan  rifatto. 

Paschal ;  di  pasqua. 

Pasha ;  pascia. 

Pasquinade ;  pasquinata. 

Pass;  i.  passo,  varco.  2.  pun- 
to,  condizione.  3.  permesso. 

4.  passata.     5.  certificate  di 
passaggio    colla    sola    suffi- 
cenza. 

6.  passare  ;  In  — ing,  di 
passata.  7.  trascorrere.  8. 
adottare  (progetto  di  legge). 
9.  oltrepassare.  10.  impeg- 
nare  (parola).  n.  pronun- 
ciare  (sentenza).  12.  appro- 
vare  (conti).  13.  (al  giuoco) 
rifiutare. 

Pass  away ;  scorrere,  sparire, 
trapassare,  sciogliersi. 

Pass  by;    i.  passar  davanti  a. 

1.  passare  sotto  silenzio,  per- 
donare.     3.  negligere. 

Pass  for;  passare  per. 

Passing  hours;  ore  che  scor- 
rono. 

Pass  off;  i.  dissiparsi.  2.  pas- 
sar sopra.  3. as,  far 

passare  per,  dar  ad  intendere 
per. 

Pass    on;     i.    andare   avanti. 

2.  trasmettere.     3.  rimettere 
in  circolazione. 

Pass  out ;  uscire. 
Passover;   i.  lasciare.    2.  non 

fare  attenzione  a.     3.  perdo- 

nare.     4.  traversare. 
Pass  round ;  far  circolare. 
Passable ;  id. 

Passbook;  libretto  di  banca. 
Passenger ;    viaggiatore,    pas- 

seggiere.     —  train,  treno  di 

viaggiatori.     Cabin  — ,  pas- 

seggiere  di  camera. 
Passer-by;  passante. 
Passing-bell ;  rintocco  fune- 

bre. 
Passing  to  and   fro ;    andiri 

vieni. 

Passion ;  id.,  collera. 
Passionate;    i.   appassionato. 

i.    collerico. 

Passion-flower;  passiflora. 
Passionless ;   calmo,   impassi- 

bile. 


Ixxxii 


PASSION-WEEK—PENNY 


Passion-week ;  settimana  san- 
ta,  o  la  settimana  precedente. 

Passive;  id. 

Pass-key;  chiave  comune. 

Passover ;  pasqua  dei  giudei. 

Passport ;  passaporto. 

Pass-word;  parola  d' ordine. 

Past;  i.  passato,  scorso.  2.  al 
di  la  di,  al  di  sopra  di,  piii  in 
la  di,  piu  su  di,  sopra,  fuori 
di.  3.  senza  (speranza).  4. 
Go  — ,  passar  davanti.  5. 
For  some  time  — ,  da  qualche 
tempo.  6.  —  bearing,  in- 
supportabtle  ;  —  mending, 
incorrigibile,  irreparabile ; 

—  shame,  sfrontato,  spudo- 
rato.    7.  It  is  —  four  o'clock, 
sono    le   quattro   passate,  le 
qiiattro  son  passate ;   It  was 

—  midnight,  era  mezza  notte 
passata. 

Paste;     i.     colla.      i.    pasta. 

3.    gemma  falsa.     4.    incol- 

lare,  impastare.     5.    —  up, 

affissare. 

Pasteboard ;  cartone. 
Pastel;  pastello. 
Paste-pot ;  vaso  da  colla. 
Pastern ;  pastorale,  pastoia. 
Pastille ;  pastiglia. 
Pastime ;  passatempo. 
Pastor,  -al ;  id.    Rose-coloured 

— ,  storno  roseo. 
Pastry ;  pasticceria. 
Pastry-cook ;  pasticciere. 
Pastry-Bhop ;  pasticceria. 
Pasturage;  pastura. 
Pasture;    i.    pastura,  pascolo. 

1.  pascolare,  far  pascere. 
Pasture-ground ;  prateria. 
Pasty;   pastoso,  molliccio,  ap- 

piccicoso,  vincido. 
Pat;  i.  a  proposito,  a  puntino. 

2.  colpettino,    picchiettino. 

3.  —   (of  butter),    panetto. 

4.  noucchietto.     },    accarez- 
zare. 

Patch;  i.  pezza,  toppa,  van- 
taggio.  i.  neo  posticcio.  3. 
pezzo  di  terra.  4.  macchia, 
patacca.  5.  raccomodare, 
rattoppare.  6.  —  up,  racco- 
modare alia  meglio.  7.  Not 
a  —  upon,  tutto  al  disotto  a, 
molto  inferiore  a. 

Patchouli;  pacciull. 

Patchwork ;  lavoro  a  pezzi, 
rappezzo. 

Patchy ;  inuguale,  mal  combi- 
nato,  piazzato. 

Pate ;  zucca. 

Paten;  patena. 

Patent;  i.  brevetto,  privativa. 
2.  patente.  3.  brevettare. 

Patent-leather  ;  cuoio  verni- 
ciato. 

Paternal ;  paterno. 

Paternoster;  i.  paternostro. 
i.  palamite,  correntina. 

Path ;  sentiero,  calle,  stradic- 
ciuola,  viale. 

Pathetic;  patetico. 

Pathless ;  senza  sentiero. 

Pathology ;  patologia. 

Pathos;  patetico. 

Patience;  i.  pazienza.  2.  soli- 
tario. 

Patient;  i.  paziente.  2.  am- 
malato. 


Patriarch  ;  patriarca. 

Patrician  ;  patrizio. 

Patrimony ;  id. 

Patriot;  patriotta. 

Patrol;     i.     pattuglia,    rom'.u. 

i.  far  la  ronda. 
Patron  ;  padrone,  patrono,  pro- 

tettore. 
Patronage  ;    patronato,   patro- 

cinio. 
Patronise ;     patrocinare,    pro- 

teggere,  favorire,  servirsi  di. 
Patronymic ;  id. 
Patten ;  zoccolo. 
Patter;    i.   cicalare.     2.  scro- 

sciare.     3.  scalpitare. 
Pattering;  i.  cicalio.     2.  scro- 

scio.      3.  scalpitio  dei  piedi 

d'  un  ragazzino. 
Pattern ;  modello,  campione. 
Patty ;  pasticcetto. 
Paucity ;  scarsezza. 
Paunch ;  pancia. 
Pauper ;  povero,  indigente. 
Pauperise  ;  assuefare  all'  accat- 

tonaggio. 

Pauperism ;  pauperismo. 
Pause;   i.  pausa,  fermata.     2. 

fermarsi,  far  pausa,  aspettare. 
Pave  ;  lastricare,  pavimentare. 
Pavement;    i.    lastrico,    pavi- 

mento.     2.  marciapiede. 
Pavilion ;  padiglione,  tendone. 
Paving-stone ;  lastra,  selce. 
Paving-tile ;  quadrello. 
Paviour;  selciatore. 
Paw;   i.  zampa.     2.  calpestare, 

scalpitare.     3.  maneggiare. 
Pawl;  castagna. 
Pawn;    i.  pedina.      2.   pegno. 

3.  pignorare,portarealmonte 

di  pieta ;  — ed,  al  monte. 
Pawn-broker;  usuraio. 
Pawn-shop;  monte  di  pieta. 
Pawn-ticket ;  cedola  del  monte 

di  pieta. 

Pay;  i.  paga.  i.  pagare,  sal- 
dare,  assoldare.  3.  tornar 

conto.   4.  rendere  (interesse). 

5.  (>«ar.)impeciare,spalmare. 

6.  —  one's  respects,  salutare, 
riverire.     7.  fare  (attenzione, 
visita). 

Pay  away ;  sborsare. 

Pay  back ;  restituire. 

Pay  down ;  versare  in  con- 
tanti. 

Pay  for ;  fig.  scontare. 

Pay  in;  i.  versare.  J.  porre, 
collocare,  deporre. 

Payoff;  i .  licenziare.  2.  (mar.) 
disarmare.  3.  annullare  pa- 
gando. 

Pay  out ;  i.  sborsare.  2. 
rendere  la  pariglia.  3.  (mar.} 
filare,  lasciare  scorrere  (ca- 
vo). 

Pay  up;  i.  pagare.  2.  ver- 
sare. 

Payee ;  destinatario,  beneficia- 
rio. 

Paymaster ;  ufficiale  pagatore. 

Payment ;  pagamento.  Part 
— ,  acconto. 

Pay-office;  cassa. 

Pea ;  pisello. 

Peace ;  i.  pace,  tranquillita. 
2.  The  king's  — ,  1'  ordine 
pubblico ;  To  keep  the  — , 
non  turbar  1'  ordine  pubblico, 


astenersi  da  vie  di  fatto.     3. 

His  end  was  — ,  la  sua  morte 

fu  dolce.      4.  zitto  !  tacete  ! 

5.  Justice  of  the  — ,  giudice 

della  pace. 

Peaceable ;  pacifico. 
Peace-breaker;     pertmbatore 

dell"  ordine  pubblico. 
Peaceful ;  tranquillo. 
Peacemaker ;   pacificatore,  pa- 

ciere. 
Peace-offering ;    offerta    pro- 

piziatoria. 
Peace-officer;  ufficiale  di  poli- 

zia. 

Peach  ;  pesca.     —  tree,  pesco. 
Peacock ;  pavone.    —  butterfly, 

vanessa     maggiore,     pavon- 

cella. 

Pea-green  ;  verde  pisello. 
Pea-jacket ;    camiciotto,   giac- 

chetto  alia  marinara. 
Peak;    i.    cima,   vetta,   picco. 

2.  tesa  (del  chepi).    3.  (mar.) 

penna    (dell1    antenna).      4. 

estremita  della  stiva.    5.  lan- 

guire.     6.  (mar.)  cicognare. 
Peaking;  malaticcio. 
Peal ;  scoppio   (di   risa),   scam- 

panata,  rimbombo  (di  tuono). 
Pea-nut ;  arachide. 
Pear ;  pera.     —  tree,  pero. 
Pearl;  perla. 

Pearl  ash  ;  potassa  americana. 
Pearl-oyster ;  ostrica  perlifera. 
Pearl-powder ;  bianco  perlato. 
Pearly ;  perlato. 
Peart ;  vivace. 
Peasant ;  contadino. 
Peasantry ;  i  contadini. 
Peashooter;  stioppettodi  sam- 

buco,  cerbottana. 
Peat;  torba. 
Peat-bog;  torbiera. 
Pebble  ;  sasso,  ciottolo,  selce. 
Pebble-work ;  acciottolatura. 
Peccadillo ;  peccatuccio. 
Peck;    i.  misura  di  nove  litri. 

2.  colpo  di  becco,   beccata. 

3.  beccare. 

Peculation ;  peculate. 
Peculiar;  id., particolare, singo- 

lare. 

Peculiarity ;  particolarita. 
Pecuniary;  id. 
Pedagogue;  id. 
Pedal;   i.  id.     t.  pedaleggiare. 
Pedals;  pedaliera. 
Pedant;  id. 
Peddle  ;  fare  il  merciaiuolo  am- 

bulante. 

Peddling;  meschino,  triviale. 
Pedestal ;  piedistallo.    —  cup- 
board, comodino. 
Pedestrian;    i.   pedestre.      2. 

pedone,  passante,  caminina- 

tore. 

Pedicle ;  picciuolo. 
Pedigree ;  genealogia,  stirpe. 
Pediment ;  frontone. 
Pedlar;  merciaiuolo ambulante. 
Pedometer;  odometro. 
Peduncle;  id.,  picciuolo. 
Peel ;     i .    scorza,   buccia.      2 . 

sbucciare,    scortecciare.       3. 

—  off,  squamarsi,  scorticarsi. 
Peep;    i.    occhiata.      2.   —  of 

dawn,   spuntare  del   giorno. 

3.  fare  capolino,  guardare  di 

nascosto,  o  sott'  occhio. 


Peer;  i.  pari.  2.  guardare 
curiosamente. 

Peerage;  i.  titolo  di  Pari.  2. 
elenco  dei  Pari. 

Peeress;  moglie  d'  un.Pari. 

Peerless ;  senza  pari,  impareg- 
giabile. 

Peevish ;  bisbetico,  permalo- 
so. 

Peevishness ;  malagrazia,  stiz- 
za,  scomrosita,  malumore, 
dispetto. 

Peewit ;  pavoncella. 

Peg ;  i.  piuolo,  caviglia.  2. 
ferro  (di  trottola).  3.  Come 
down  a  — ,  diminuire  d'  im- 
portanza ;  Take  down  a  — , 
far  chinare  le  corna  a.  4. 
—  away,  tirar  via,  perseve- 
rare,  lavorare  senza  pausa, 
tirar  sempre  avanti.  5.  — 
down,  attaccare  alia  terra  con 
caviglie.  6.  —  out  a  claim, 
appropriarsi  un  pezzo  di  ter- 
reno  minerario  segnandone 
i  limiti  con  caviglie. 

Peignoir;  accappatoio. 

Pelf;  ricchezze. 

Pelican ;  pelicano. 

Pelisse  ;  pelliccia. 

Pellet;  pallottola. 

Pellicle;  pellicola. 

Pellitory;  parietaria. 

Pellitory  of  Spain  ;  pilatro. 

Pell-mell ;  alia  rinfusa,  a  cata- 
fascio. 

Pellucid ;  limpidissimo. 

Pelt ;  assalire,  lanciar  sopra. 

Pelting;  dirotto. 

Pelvis ;  bacino. 

Pemmican ;  tavolette  di  carne 
triturata. 

Pen;  i.  penna;  Steel  — ,  pen- 
nino.  2.  pecorile,  chiuso, 
agghiaccio,  vivaio.  3.  met- 
tere  nel  chiuso,  stabbiare, 
rinchiudere.  4.  mettere  in 
carta. 

Penal;  id. 

Penance ;  penitenza. 

Pen -case;  portapenne. 

Penchant ;  inclinazione. 

Pencil;  i.  lapis,  matita.  2. 
fascio  (di  raggi).  3.  scrivere 
o  disegnare  a  matita. 

Pencil-case  ;  portalapis,  toc- 
calapis,  matitatoio. 

Pendant;  i.  pendente.  2. 
fiamma,  gagliardetto,  penzo- 
lo.  3.  ciondolo. 

Pending;  i.  indeciso.  2.  du- 
rante,  fine  a. 

Pendulous;  pensile. 

Pendulum ;  pendolo,  bilan- 
ciere. 

Penetrate;  id. 

Penful ;  pennata. 

Penguin ;  pinguino. 

Penholder;  portapenna. 

Peninsula;  penisola. 

Peniten-ce,  -t,  -tial,  -tiary; 
id. 

Penknife ;  temperino. 

Penmanship;  calligrafia. 

Pennant ;  fiamma. 

Pennate;  id. 

Penniless ;  senza  danari,  al 
verde. 

Pennon ;  v.  Pendant. 

Penny ;  palanca,  due  soldi. 


PENNY-A-LINER— PICK-LOCK 


Ixxxiii 


Penny-a-liner ;  chi  scrive  a 
due  soldi  la  linea,  scrittoru- 
colo. 

Penny  cress ;  erba  storna. 
Penny-post;  corriere. 
Pennyroyal;  puleggio. 
Penny  stamp;    francobollo  di 

dieci  centcsimi. 
Pennyweight ;  dan.iro,  peso  di 

i '5  5  grammi. 

Penny  wise  and  pound  fool- 
ish ;  economo  di  soldi  a  costo 
di  perdite  grandi. 
Penny-wort;  tazzettaacquatica. 
Pensile;  id. 

Pension;  i.  id.  i.  giubilare; 
Retire  on  a  — ,  andare  in 
pensione. 

Pensioner ;  p^nsionato. 
Pensive ;    pensieroso,   preoccu- 

pato. 

Penstock;  cateratta. 
Pent  up ;  rinchiuso,  rinserrato. 
Pent-agon,  -ameter;  id. 
Pentateuch ;  pentateuco. 
Pentecost ;  id. 
Penthouse ;    tettoia   addossata 

ad  un  muro. 

Penultimate ;  penultimo. 
Penumbra;  penombra. 
Penurious ;  gretto. 
Penury;  id.,  miseria. 
Penwiper;  asciuga-penne,  pu- 

liscipenne. 
Peon ;  peone. 
Peony;  id. 

People ;      i.     popolo,     gente ; 
Common  — ,  volgo ;  Fashion- 
able — ,  il  bel  mondo;  —  say, 
si  dice.     i.  popolare. 
Pepper;  pepe. 
Peppercorn ;  grano  di  pepe. 
Peppermint ;  menta  peperita. 
Pepperpot ;  pepaiola. 
Pepperwort ;  erba  S.  Maria. 
Pepsine ;  pepsina. 
Per;  id. 

Peradventure ;  forse. 
Perambulate;  percorrere. 
Perambulation  ;  giro. 
Perambulator;  carrozzino. 
Perceive  ;   scorgere,  osservare, 

accorgersi. 

Percentage ;  percento. 
Perceptible;  percettibile,  sen- 

sibile. 

Perception ;  percezione. 
Perch;    i.    pertica,  5^03  metri. 
i.    pesce    persico ;    Sea   — , 
sciarrano.     3.  hastone  di  pol- 
laio,  gruccia,  posatoio.  4.  po- 
sarsi,  mettersi. 
Perchance ;  per  caso. 
Perchloride ;  percloruro. 
Percipient ;  id. 
Percolate ;  colare,  filtrare. 
Percussion ;  id.,  percossa. 
Percussion-cap;  fulminante. 
Perdition;   \.  id.     2.  rovina. 
Peregrination ;  id. 
Peregrine  falcon ;  falcone. 
Peremptory;  perentorio. 
Perennial ;  perenne. 
Perfect;   i    complete),  perfetlo, 
compiuto.     i.   passato  pros- 
simo,    remoto.      3.    perfe/do- 
nare,  dare  1'  ultima  mano  a. 
Perfection  ;    perfezione,   ecccl- 

lenza. 
Perfidious;  sleale,  perfido. 


Perfidiousness ;    slealta,   per- 

fidia. 

Perforate;  perforare,  forare. 
Perforce ;    per    forza,    forzata- 

mente. 

Perform  ;  r.  fare,  operare,  ese- 
guire,  compiere.  i.  rappre- 
sentare. 

Performance ;  azione,  lavoro, 
fatto,  eseguimento.  — s, 
gesta. 

Performer;  esecutore. 
Perfume ;  profumo. 
Perfunctorily;    per  non   poter 

fare  a  meno. 

Perfunctory ;  senza  zelo. 
Pergola;  id. 

Perhaps  ;  forse,  per  avventura. 
Peri-anth,  -carp,  -gee,  -he- 
lion;  peri-anto, -carpio, -geo, 
-elio. 

Peril ;  rischio,  pericolo. 
Perimeter;  perimetro. 
Period;   i.  id.     2.  punlo. 
Periodical;  periodico. 
Periodically ;    periodicamente, 

di  quando  in  quando. 
Peri-patetic ;     id.       -phery ; 
periferia.      -phrasis ;    peri- 
frase. 

Periscope;  periscopio. 
Perish ;    perire,   cadere   in   ro- 
vina.     —   the    thought !    in 
abisso  col  pensiero  ! 
Perisperm ;  perisperma. 
Peristyle ;  peristilio. 
Periwig;  parrucca. 
Periwinkle;  i.  pervinca.   i.  lit- 

torina. 

Perjure;  spergiurare. 
.  Perjury;  spergiuro. 
Perky;  vispetto,  vivace. 
Permanent;   id.     •—  way,  so- 
prastruttura  d'  una  ferrovia. 
Permeable;  id. 
Permeate ;  penetrare. 
Permiss-ible,  -ion;  id. 
Permit;  i.  permettere.     2.  per- 

messo,  lasciapassare. 
Permutation ;  id. 
Pernicious ;  id.,  nocivo. 
Peroration  ;  id. 
Perpendicular;  id. 
Perpetrate ;  id. 
Perpetual;  perpetuo. 
Perplex ;   confondere,  imbaraz- 

zare,  imbrogliare. 
Perquisite ;    incerto,    provento 

eventuale,  utile. 
Perron ;  scalinata. 
Perry;  sidro  di  pere. 
Persecute ;  perseguitare. 
Persecutor;  id. 
Persevere ;  id. 
Persian ;  persico. 
Persienne ;  gelosia,  persiana. 
Persiflage ;  canzonatura,  ironia 

fina. 
Persimmon  ;  specie  di  Diospy- 

ros. 

Persist,  -ence ;  id. 
Person ;  id. 
Personable ;  ben  fatto. 
Personally ;     per    parte    mia, 

personalmente. 
Personalty;  beni  moliili. 
Personate;    i.    rappresentare. 
•2.    far  la  parte  di.     3.   farsi 
passare  per. 
Personify;  id. 


Personnel ;  personale. 
Perspective ;  prospettiva. 
Perspicacious ;  perspicace. 
Perspicuous ;  perspicuo. 
Perspire;  sudare. 
Persu-ade,    -asion,    -asive ; 

id. 
Pert ;   impertinente  (tra  vivo  e 

impertinente),  presuntuoso. 
Pertain ;  pertinere,  spettare. 
Pertinacious ;  pertinace. 
Pertinent ;  a  proposito,  accon- 
cio.      To   be   — ,  cadere  in 
acconcio. 

Pertly ;  insok  ntemente. 
Perturb,  -ation  ;  id. 
Perusal ;  lettura,  percorsa. 
Peruse ;  leggere,  percorrere. 
Pervade ;  penetrare,  spandersi, 

diflbndersi,  riempiere. 
Perverse ;  id.,  pervicace. 
Pervert;  i.  traviato.  2.  per- 

verlire,  snaturare,  svisare. 
Perverter ;  pervertitore. 
Pervious ;  permeabile. 
Peseta;  pezzetta. 
Pessim-ism,  -ist ;  id. 
Pest ;  peste,  pestilenza. 
Pester ;    importunare,    seccare, 

tormentare,  infastidire. 
Pestiferous ;  pestifero. 
Pestil-ence,  -ent,  -ential;  id. 
Pestle;  pestello. 
Pet;     i.     favorito,     prediletto, 
cucco,  carino,  beniamino.    2. 
stizza,  dispetto,  sdegno.     3. 
accarezzare,  vezzeggiare. 
Petal ;  petalo. 
Petard;  petardo. 
Petechiae  ;  petecchie. 
Petiole ;  picciolo. 
Petition;  i . *'</.,  supplica,istanza. 

i.  supplicare. 
Petrel;  procellaria,  uccellodelle 

tempeste. 
Petrify;  id. 
Petrol ;  benzina. 
Petroleum ;  petrolio. 
Petticoat ;  gonnella. 
Pettifogger;  leguleio,  cavaloc- 

chio. 

Pettifogging ;  cavilloso. 
Pettiness ;    meschinita,   picco- 

lezza. 

Pettitoes  ;  zampetti  di  maiale. 
Petty  ;  piccino,  meschino.     — 

officer,  basso  uffiziale. 
Pettychaps ;  beccafico. 
Petul-ant,  -ance;  id. 
Pew;  stallo  (di  chiesa). 
Pewter ;  peltro. 
Phaeton ;  faeton. 
Phalanger;  falangista. 
Phalanx ;  falange. 
Phalarope ;  falaropo. 
Phallus;  fallo. 
Phanerogam ;  fanerogamo. 
Phantasm ;  fantasma. 
Phantasmagoria;  fantasmago- 

ria. 

Phantom;  i.  fantasma, spettro, 
larva.     2.  illusivo,  spettrale. 
Pharisee ;  fariseo. 
Pharmaceutic ;  farmaceutico. 
Pharmacy ;  farmacia. 
Pharynx ;  faringe. 
Phase ;  fase. 
Pheasant;  fagiano. 
Pheasant's     eye ;     occhio    di 
pernice. 


Phenol;  fenol. 

Phenomenon ;  fenomeno. 

Phial;  boccetta. 

Philander ;  fare  il  cascamorto. 

Philanthropy ;  nlantropia. 

Philhellenic ;  filelleno. 

Philippic ;  filippica. 

Philistine ;  filisteo. 

Phillyrea;  lillatro. 

Philology;  filologia. 

Philosopher;  filosofo. 

Philosopher's   stone ;    pietra 
filosofale. 

Philtre;  filtro. 

Phiz  ;  muso. 

Phlegm ;  flemma. 

Phlegmon ;  flemmone. 

Phlox ;      flosside,     floes. 

Drummondi,      flosside     del 
Texas. 

Phcenix;  fenice. 

Phonetic ;  fonetico. 

Phonograph;  fonografo. 

Phosphate;  ibsfato. 

Phosphide;  fosfuro. 

Phosphorus ;  fosforo. 

Phosphuretted ;  fosfurato. 

Photograph;   i.  fotografia.    2. 
fotografare. 

Phrase ;  frase,  locuzione. 

Phrenology ;  frenologia. 

Phthisical;  tisico. 

Phthisis;  tisi. 
Phylactery;  filateria. 
Phylloxera;  filossera. 
Physic;   i.  medicina.     2.  som- 
ministrare  medicina  a,  medi- 
care. 
Physician;  medico.    House — , 

medico  assistente. 
Physicist;  fisico. 
Physics;  fisica. 
Physiognomy ;  fisionomia. 
Physiologist ;  fisiologo. 
Pia-mater;  pia-madre. 
Pianist;  pianista. 
Piano ;  pianoforte.   Cottage  — , 
pianino.     Grand  — ,   piano- 
forte a  coda. 
Piastre ;  piastra. 
Piazza;  id. 
Pibroch ;    aria   per   cornamusa 

scozzese. 

Pica;  lettura.  Small  — ,  filo- 
sofia.  Double  — ,  paran- 
gone. 

Picador ;  piccadore. 
Picaroon;  corsaro. 
Piccaninny;  v.  Pickaninny. 
Piccolo;  ottavino. 
Pick;    i.    scelta.      a.   piccone. 

3.  scegliere.      4.    cogliere, 
piluccare.     5.   —  a  quarrel, 
attaccar    briga.       6.    —    to 
pieces,  levare  i  pezzi  di,  rive- 
dere  i  conti  a.     7.  —  up,  (a) 
raccogliere,  (b)  trovare. 

Pick-a-back ;  sul  dorso. 
Pickaninny ;    bambino    (tra   i 

selvaggi  o  negri). 
Pick-axe ;  piccone. 
Picket;   i.  picchetto.     2.  met- 

ter  picchetti. 
Pickle;    i.  salamoia.      2.    mal 

arnese.    3.  stato  deplorevale. 

4.  In   — ,   sou'  aceto.      5. 
salare,     marinare,      mettere 
soft'  aceto. 

Pickles ;  sou'  aceti. 
Pick-lock ;  grimaldello. 

La 


Ixxxiv 


PICK-ME-UP— PLACE 


Pick-me-up ;  bevanda  ristora- 

trice,  bicchierino. 
Pickpocket ;    borsaiuolo,    tag- 

liaborse. 

Pickthank ;  leccazampe. 
Picnic ;    merenda    all'   aperlo, 

"picnic." 

Pictorial;  illustrate. 
Picture;    i.    pittura,    quadro, 

tela.     2.   dipingere,  rappre- 

sen  tare. 

Picture-card ;  figura. 
Picture-cleaner ;    ristauratore 

di  quadri. 
Picture-dealer ;  negoziante  di 

quadri. 

Picture-gallery ;  pinacoteca. 
Picture    postcard ;     cartolina 

postale  dipinta. 
Picturesque ;  pittoresco. 
Piddle ;  orina. 
Piddling ;  meschino,  frivolo,  da 

nulla. 
Pie;  i.  pasticcio,  torta,  tortello. 

1.  refusi. 

Piebald;  pezzato  (di  bianco  e 
nero,  o  di  bianco  e  baio). 

Piece;  i.  pezzo,  tozzo,  boccone, 
brano,  squarcio,  pezza,  scam- 
polo,  i.  dranmia.  3.  —  of 
kindness,  atto  di  gentilezza. 
4.  Give  a  —  of  one's  mind, 
parlar  chiaro  e  tondo.  5. 
Take  to  — s,  smontare.  6. 
—  together,  rappezzare.  7. 
— s,  lana  bioccoluta. 

Piece-goods ;  mercanzia  al 
minuto. 

Piecemeal ;  un  poco  alia  volta, 
poco  a  poco. 

Piecer;  aggiuntatore  (di  fill  rotti 
in  una  filanda). 

Piecework ;  lavoro  a  cottimo. 

Pieceworker;  lavorante  a  cot- 
timo. 

Pied ;  pezzato. 

Pie-dish;  terrina. 

Pier;   i.   pila,  pilastro,  pilone. 

2.  niolo,    banchina,    imbar- 
catoio,  sbarcatoio,  gettata. 

Pierce ;     traforare,     trafiggere, 

forare. 

Piercing;  penetrante,  acuto. 
Pier-glass ;  specchiera. 
Pier-head ;  capo  del  niolo. 
Pierrot ;  pierotto  (maschera). 
Piet-ism,  -ist;  id. 
Piety ;  devozione,  religione  sin- 

cera. 
Pig ;   i .  porco ;  Buy  a  —  in  a 

poke,  v.  Poke  (i).     2.  mas- 

sello,  panedighisa.     3.  tigli- 

are. 
Pigeon ;  piccione,  Colombo,  co- 

lombaccio,  colombella. 
Pigeon-hole ;  casella. 
Pigeon-house ;  colombaia. 
Pigeon-match;    tiro  al  picci- 
one. 

Pig-faced ;  con  viso  porcino. 
Piggery;   i.  porcile.     2.  spor- 

cizia. 
Piggish;   i.  da  porco.     2.  go- 

loso. 
Pig-headed ;  stupido,  balordo, 

testardo,  caparbio. 
Pig-iron;  ghisa. 
Pigment ;  id. 
Pigmy;  pigmeo. 
Pig-nut ;  bulbocastano. 


Pig-sty ;  porcile,  porcaio,  stab- 

biolo. 

Pig-tail ;  codino. 
Pig-tub;  trogolcCdei  porci. 
Pig-wash  ;  lavatura  dei  porci. 
Pike;     i.     picca.      2.     luccio. 

3.  abbicare. 
Pikeman ;  picchiere. 
Pikestaff ;  asta  di  picca.    Plain 

as  a  — ,  chiaro  come  il  sole. 
Pilaster;  pilastro. 
Pilau;  pilao. 
Pilchard;  sardinella. 
Pile;    i.    catasta,  monte,  muc- 

chio.     2.    pila.     3.    edificio. 

4.  rogo,   pira.     5.    palahtta. 
6.  pelo.     7.  ammassare,  am- 
mucchiare.     8.  —  up,  acca- 
tastare,  colmare.     9.  mettere 
(armi)  in  fascio. 

Pile-driver ;  battipalo,  berta. 

Piles ;  emorroidi. 

Pileus;  cappello. 

Pilework  ;  palafittata. 

Pilfer ;  ruhacchiare,  sgraffignare. 

Pilfering ;  ruberia. 

Pilgrim;  pellegrino. 

Pill;  pillola. 

Pillage;  i.  saccheggio.  i.  sac- 
cheggiare. 

Pillar ;  i.  colonna,  sostegno  ; 
Send  from  —  to  post,  man- 
dare  da  Erode  a  I'ilaio. 

1.  puntale,  puntello. 
Pillion;  cuscinetto. 
Pillory;      i.     berlina,    gogna. 

2.  mettere  alia  berlina. 

Pillow ;  origliere,  guanciale. 

Pillow-case;   fodera  di  guan- 
ciale. 

Pilot;   r.   pilota.     2.  condurre. 

Pilotage;  pilotaggio. 

Pilot-balloon;  pallone  di  prova. 

Pilot-boat ;  battello  pilota. 

Pilot-engine ;  locomotiva  pi- 
Iota. 

Pimento ;  id. 

Pimp ;  mezzano. 

Pimpernel ;  anagallide,  erba 
grisellina,  centonchio  rosso. 

Pimple ;  cosso,  fignolo,  forun- 
culetto,  bollicina. 

Pimply;  bernoccoluto,  bitorzo- 
luto,  bolloso. 

Pin;  i.  spillo,  caviglia,  cavic- 
chio,  pernio  ;  Drawing  — , 
puntina.  2.  asse  (di  puleg- 
gia).  3.  appuntare  o  fermare 
o  attaccare  con  spilli,  inca- 
vigliare,  imperniare.  4.  Not 
to  care  a  — ,  infischiarsene, 
impiparsene.  5.  —  up,  riat- 
taccare  con  uno  spillo.  6. 
—  down,  inchiodare,  tener 
fisso.  7.  —  one's  faith  upon, 
fidarsi  a. 

Pinafore ;  grembiulino. 

Pinaster;  pinastro. 

Pincers;  tanaglie,  pinzette  da 
sconficcare. 

Pinch;    i.    pizzico.      2.    presa. 

3.  At  a  — ,  al  bisogno,  alle 
strette.       4.    pizzicare.       5. 
stringere,  serrare.     6.  spara- 
gnare,    risparmiare,    privarsi 
del   necessario ;    — ed,    affa- 
mato ;  — ed  for  money,  stretto 
a  danari.     7.  (gergo)  rubare. 

Pinchbeck ;  princisbecche,  si- 
miloro. 


Pincher;  lesina,  spilorcio. 
Pinching  (cold) ;  frizzante. 
Pincushion  ;  cuscinetto  da  spil- 
li, portaspilli. 

Pine;    i.    pino.      2.    languire, 
deperire.      3.    —  for,  sospi- 

rare  per. 

Pine-apple ;  ananasso. 
Pine-cone;  pigna,  pinocchio. 
Pine  grosbeak;  cardinale. 
Pine-grove;  pineto. 
Pine-house ;  serra  di  ananassi. 
Pine-kernel ;  pinolo. 
Pine-needle;  ago  di  pino. 
Pin-hole  ;  bucco  di  spillo. 
Pinion;     i.     punta    dell'    ala. 

2.    rocchetto  (d1  oriolo).     3. 

legare  le  braccia  a.     4.    ta- 

gliare  la  punta  dell'  ala. 
Pink;    i.    garofano.      2.    rosa, 

color  rosa.     3.  (mar.)  pinco. 

4.  fig.  fiore,  modello.     5.  fra- 

stagliare.      6.    traffiggere  (in 

duello). 

Pinkish  ;  che  lira  al  rosa. 
Pin-maker;  spillaio. 
Pin-money;  spillatico. 
Pinnace ;  pinaccia. 
Pinnacle ;  pinnacolo,  cima. 
Pins  and  needles ;  formicolio. 

I  have  got  —  in  my  foot,  mi 

s'  e  informicolito  il  piede. 
Pin's  head;   capocchia  d'  uno 

spillo. 

Pint ;  mezzo  litro  ('568  litri). 
Pintail ;  codone. 
Pintle ;  agugliotto. 
Pioneer ;    pioniere,  guastatore, 

preparatore,     cm'     apre     la 

strada. 
Pious;  pio. 
Pip;    i.    acino,  vinacciolo.     2. 

pipita.       3.    punto    (di    una 

carta  da  giuoco). 
Pipe ;    i.   tubo,  condotto.      2. 

pipa.      3.    zampogna,   flauto 

campestre.     4.   canna  d'  or- 

gano.     5.  cannula.     6.  botte 

(divino),  =  477  litri.  j.(mar.) 

fischietto.     8.  zufolare. 
Pipe-case ;  astuccio  per  la  pipa. 
Pipe-clay;  terra  da  pipa. 
Piper ;  sonatore  di  flauto. 
Piping  hot ;  caldissimo. 
Pipit;  calandro,codona,  pispola, 

prispolone,  spioncello. 
Pipkin ;  pentolino. 
Piquancy ;  piccante,  gusto  pic- 

cante. 

Piquant ;  piccante. 
Pique ;   i .  malumore,  picca.    i. 

—  oneself  upon,  piccarsi  di. 
Pique  work ;  picche. 
Piquet ;  picchetto. 
Pirate;   i.  pi  rat  a.     2.  stainpare 

in  contravvenzione  dei  diritti 

dell'    autore ;     — d    edition, 

ristampa  furtiva. 
Pirogue ;  piroga. 
Pirouette ;  piroetta. 
Piscary;  privilegiodellapesca. 
Piscina;  id. 
Pish  !  oibo  ! 
Piss ;  pisciare. 
Piss-pot ;  orinale. 
Pistachio ;  pistacchio. 
Pistil;  pistillo. 
Pistol;   i.  pistola.     2.  ainmaz- 

zare  con  pistolettate. 
Pistole;  pistola. 


Piston  ;  stantuffo,  pistone. 
Piston-packing;  badernadello 

stantuffo. 
Piston-rod;  astadello  stantuffo. 

Pit;  i.  fossa,  fosso.  2.  pozzo. 
3.  platea.  4.  abisso.  5. 
Coal  — ,  miniera  di  carbone ; 
Gravel  — ,  cava  di  ghiaia; 
Sand  — ,  rcnaio.  6.  —  of 
the  stomach,  cavo  dello  sto- 
niaco.  7.  mettere  alle  prese 
o  in  concorso  con  o  contro. 

Pit-a-pat ;  Go  — ,  palpitare. 
Come  — ,  camminare  a  pic- 
coli  passi. 

Pitch;  i.  pece.  2.  punto, 
grado.  3.  pendenza  (di  tetto), 
passo  (dell  elice,  di  vite).  4. 
(runs.)  pitch.  5.  impeciare, 
impegolare.  6.  gettare,  pre- 
cipitare,  lanciare.  7.  pian- 
tare  (tenda,  accampamcnto), 
tendere  (rete).  8.  cadere, 
abbattersi.  9.  beccheggiare. 
10.  —  into,  dare  addosso  a. 
n.  —  upon,  abbattersi  in. 
12.  — ed  battle,  battaglia 
campale.  13.  — dark,  nero 
come  la  pece. 

Pitch  and  toss ;  (giocare)  a 
cappelletto,  a  croce  e  lettera, 
a  testa  e  lettera,  a  arme  o 
santi. 

Pitcher ;  secchia.  —  plant, 
pianta  da  brocche. 

Pitchfork;  forca,  forcone. 

Pitchpine ;  abete  rosso. 

Pit-coal ;  carbon  fossile. 

Piteous ;  compassionevole,  pie- 
toso,  miserando.  With  a  — 
look,  con  aria  melanconica. 

Pitfall ;  trabocchetto,  trappola, 
buca  cieca. 

Pith;  midollo. 

Pithy ;  molto  sugoso. 

Pitiable,  Pitiful;  v.  Piteous. 

Pitiless;  spietato. 

Pitman ;  minatore. 

Pittance;  porzioncella. 

Pitted;  buUerato. 

Pity;  i.  pit-la.  2.  compatire, 
compiangere,  avere  pieta  di. 
3.  What  a  —  !  che  peccato  ! 

Pivot ;  perno,  cardine. 

Pixie ;  fata. 

Pizzle;  nervo  (di  toro). 

Placable ;  id. 

Placard;  i.  affisso,  cartello. 
2.  aftiggere  pubblicamente 
cartelli. 

Place ;  i .  luogo,  posto,  sito. 
2.  piazza.  3.  impiego,  ca- 
rica.  4.  vece.  5.  villa.  6. 
In  high  — ,  altolocato.  7. 
Take  — ,  aver  luogo,  acca- 
dere.  8.  seconda  o  terza 
posizione  alle  corse.  9.  If 
I  (you)  were  in  your  (my) 
— ,  se  fossi  in  voi  (foste  in 
me).  10.  In  the  first  — ,  in 
primo  luogo;  In  the  second 
— ,  poi,  in  seguito.  1 1.  Out 
of  — ,  (a)  senza  lavoro,  (6) 
fuor  di  luogo,  inopportune. 
12.  Give  —  to,  cedere  il 
passo  a. 

1 3.  mettere,  collocare.  14. 
—  out,  trovar  impiego  per. 
1 5.  Be  — d,  (alle  corse),  esser 
fra  i  tre  primi. 


PLACEMAN— POINT 


Ixxxv 


Placeman ;  funzionario,  stipen- 
diato. 

Placenta ;  id. 

Placid;  id. 

Placket-hole  ;  apertura  di  gon- 
nella. 

Plagiarise ;  fare  un  plagio. 

Plagiarism ;  plagio. 

Plague;  i.  peste.  2.  tormen- 
tare,  molestare,  punzecchi- 
are. 

Plaice ;  pianuzza  passera,  passe- 
rine. 

Plaid  ;  mantello  scozzese,  tar- 
tano. 

Plain;  r.  piano,  pianura.  2. 
chiaro,  franco, schietto.  3.  or- 
dinario.semplice;  — clothes, 
abito  civile ;  —  cook,  cuoca 
ordinaria.  4.  brutto.  5.  — 
truth,  pura  verita. 

Plain-dealing;  buona  fede,  sin- 
cerita,  franchezza. 

Plain-song;  canto  fermo. 

Plain-spoken  ;  franco. 

Plaint ;  querela. 

Plaintiff;  querelante, chiedente, 
attore. 

Plaintive ;  lamentevole. 

Plait ;   i.  piega,  treccia,  doppio. 

1.  intrecciare. 

Plan;    i.    piano,   disegno.      i. 

sistema.     3.   mezzo,  partito. 

4.   progettare,  disegnare. 
Plane;    i.  pialla.     2.  platano. 

3.  piano.     4.   piallare. 
Planet;  pianeta. 
Planetary ;  planetario. 
Planisphere ;  planisfero. 
Plank ;  i.  tavola,  asse,  pancone. 

2.  —  down,  pagare  in  con- 
tanti,  mettere  in  tavola. 

Planking ;  bordatura,  impalca- 
tura,  rivestimento  di  tavole. 

Plant;  i.  pianta.  2.  material!, 
attrezzi,  arnesi,  guarnizione. 

3.  piantare. 

Plantain;    i.   piantaggine.     2. 

banano,  fico  d'  Adamo,  musa 

coltivata. 
Plantation  ;  piantagione,  albe- 

reto. 

Planter;  colono. 
Plantigrade ;  id. 
Plaque ;  placca. 
Plash ;  spruzzare. 
Plasma ;  id. 
Plaster ;     i.    impiastro,    cata- 

plasma.     2.  intonaco,  gesso, 

calcina.     3.  intonacare. 
Plaster-cast ;  gesso. 
Plasterer;  gessaio. 
Plastic;  id. 
Plate;  i.  piatto.tondo;  Dessert 

— ,  piatto  per  frutta.  2.  lastra, 

lamiera,  lamina,  piastra.     3. 

argenteria,     vasellame.       4. 

negativa  fotografica.    5.  plac- 

care,    inargentare.      6.    — d 

dishes,  vasellame  incamiciato; 

— d  goods,  merci  in  placche. 

7.  (mar.)  — s,  lande. 
Plateau ;  altipiano. 
Plateful;  scodellata. 
Plate-glass;  cristallo  cilindra- 

to. 
Platelayer;  chi  colloca  le  rotaie 

sulle  traversine. 
Plate-powder;     polvere     per 

lustrare. 


Plate-rack;  rastrello  per  piatti, 

scola-piatti. 

Plate-warmer ;  scaldapiatti. 
Platform ;    i.    terrazza,  piatta- 

forma.      2.  banchina;  Goods 

— ,  scalo  merci. 
Plating;  placcatura,  incamicia- 

tura,     impiallacciatura,    sta- 

gnatura. 

Platinum;  platino. 
Platitude  ;    insipidezza,    insul- 

saggine. 

Platoon ;  pelottone. 
Platter;  tondino. 
Plaudit;  applause. 
Plausible;  id. 
Play;     i.    gioco,  divertimento, 

scherzo,  spasso.     2.  comme- 

dia,    dramma.      3.    giocare, 

divertirsi.     4.  scherzare.     5. 

sonare.     6.   far   la  parte  di. 

7.  —  fair,  giocare  lealmente ; 

—  false,  ingannare,  truffare. 
Play-bill ;     programma     dello 

spettacolo. 
Player;   i.  giocatore.     i.  sona- 

tore. 

Playfellow ;  compagno  di  gio- 
co. 

Playful ;  scherzevole. 
Playfulness ;    gaiezza,    ilarita, 

allegrezza. 

Playgoer ;  pratico  dei  teatri. 
Playground ;  corte  o  terreno  di 

ricreazione. 

Playhours  ;  ore  di  ricreazione. 
Playhouse;  teatro. 
Play-room  ;  sala  di  ricreazione. 
Plaything ;  giocattolo. 
Playtime;  tempo  di  ricreazione. 
Playwright ;  autore  drammati- 

co. 

Plea;  scusa,  pretesto. 
Plead ;  piatire,  difendere,  alle- 

gare.        -   for,   sostenere   le 

parti  di,  supplicarc  per.     — 

ignorance,  fingere  d'  ignorare. 

—  guilty,    confessarsi    reo. 

—  not  guilty,  dichiararsi  in- 
nocente.    —  for  mercy,  mill- 
tare,  supplicare,  o  intercedere 
per  la  grazia. 

Pleader ;  avvocato. 

Pleading ;  difesa,  arringa  (d'  av- 
vocato), argomento,  interces- 
sione.  Special  — ,  argomen- 
tazione  speciosa  o  insincera, 
ragionamento  curialesco. 

Pleasant;  piacevole,gaio,grato, 
gradevole,  amabile,  ameno, 
allegro,  leggiadro. 

Pleasantry ;  facezia,  scherzo, 
friz/o. 

Please  ;  piacere  a,  far  piacere 
a,  compiacere  a,  contentare, 
gradire,  aggradare,  garbare 
a,  parer  (mono  a,  svagare. 
If  you  — ,  di  grazia,  per 
piacere,  favorisca,  se  vi  place. 

—  God,  se  Dio  vuole.     As 
you  — ,  come  vi  piacera.     — 
send,  abbiate  la  bonta  di  man- 
dare,  vi  prego  di  mandate. 

Pleasing,  Pleasurable ;  v. 
Pleasant. 

Pleasure ;  piacere,  divertimen- 
to, voglia.  At  — ,  a  volonta. 

—  ground,    parco    inglese. 
Take    -  -    in,    divertirsi    a. 
Good  — ,  beneplacito. 


Pleat ;  ripiegatura,  piega. 

Plebeian ;  plebeo. 

Plebiscite ;  plebiscite. 

Pledge;  i.  pegno,  arra.  2. 
voto  di  temperanza.  3.  im- 
pegnare.  —  oneself,  farsi 
mallevadore.  4.  fare  un 
brindisi  a,  brindare  a. 

Pledget;  stuello. 

Pleiades;  pleiadi. 

Plenary;  pieno. 

Plenipotentiary;  id. 

Plenitude ;  pienezza. 

Plenty ;  abbondanza,  copia. 
Have  —  of  time,  esserci  piu 
tempo  che  non  bisogni.  Be 
in  —  of  time,  arrivare  assai 
prima  dell'  ora  stabilita. 
Mind  you  are  in  —  of  time, 
badate  bene  di  non  essere  in 
ritardo.  —  strong  enough, 
abbastanza  forte. 

Pleonas-m,  -tic;  id. 

Plethora;  pletora. 

Pleura ;  id. 

Pleurisy;  pleurite. 

Pleuro-pneumonia ;  id. 

Plexus;  plesso. 

Pliable,  Pliant ;  pieghevole, 
arrendevole. 

Pliers ;  pinzetta,  piana. 

Plight;  r.stato.  2. v.  Pledge (3). 

Plinth ;  plinto,  zoccolo. 

Plod ;  camminare  con  fatica, 
sgobbare. 

Plodding;  i.  lavorio.    i.  lento. 

3.  affaticante. 

Plot ;  i.  trama.  2.  pezzo  di 
terra,  terreno.  3.  aiola, 
scompartimento  (d'  un  orto). 

4.  intreccio.     5.    formare  o 
levare  il  piano  di.     6.  cospi- 
rare. 

Plotter ;  cospiratore,  macchina- 

tore. 
Plough;    i.  aratro.     2.    arare, 

solcare.     3.  v.  Pluck  (4). 
Ploughboy ;    garzone   del   bi- 

folco. 
Plough-handle;  bure,  stegola, 

stiva. 

Ploughman ;  bifolco,  aratore. 
Plough-ox  ;  bue  da  lavoro. 
Ploughshare ;  vomere. 
Plover ;    pavoncella.      Golden 

— ,  piviere. 
Pluck;    i.    coraggio.      2.    frat- 

taglia.     3.  cogliere,  svellere, 

strappare.     4.  bocciare.     5. 

spennare,   spiumare.     6.    — 

up  spirit,  farsi  animo. 
Plucky;  ardito,  coraggioso. 
Plug;    i.  turacciolo,  zaffo,  tap- 

po.     i.  turare,  zaffare,  stuel- 

iare,    incavigliare,   stoppare. 

3.  Fire  — ,  robinetto  d'  in- 
cendio. 

Plum  ;  i.  prugna,  susina. 
French  — ,  prugnola  in  con- 
serva.  2.  uva  secca,  uva 
passa.  3.  prugno,  susino. 

4.  centomila  lire  sterline. 
Plumage ;  piume,  penne. 
Plumassier;  piumaio. 
Plumb;   i.  perpendicolare.     2. 

a   dirittura,    a   piombo.      3. 

scandagliare,  piombinare. 
Plumbago;  piombaggine. 
Plumber;   artcfice  in  piombo, 

trombaio. 


Plumber-block;  cassa  del  cu- 

scinetto. 
Plumb-line ;    filo    a    piombo, 

piombino. 
Plum-cake  ;    focaccia  con  uve 

passe. 
Plume ;  i .  pennacchio,  piumino. 

2.  — •  oneself,  vantarsi. 
Plummet ;     piombino,     archi- 

penzolo. 

Plump;  i.  grassoccio.  2. 
netto.  3.  ottenere  il  risulta- 
to  giusto  d'  un  lungo  calcolo 
al  primo  tentativo.  4.  — 
for,  votare  esclusivamente 
per. 

Plumpness ;  grassezza. 

Plum-pudding;  specie  di  bu- 
dino  inglese,  plum-pudin. 

Plunder;  i.  bottino.  2.  ru- 
bare,  saccheggiare. 

Plunge;    j.   tuffo.     2.  sbalzo. 

3.  tufiare.     4.   precipitarsi. 
Plunge-bath  ;   bagno  bastante 

per  1'  immersione  del  corpo 
intero. 

Plunger;  i.  scommettitore  ar- 
dito. 2.  stantuffo  tuffante. 

Plunging  fire ;  tiro  che  piomba 
sul  nemico  dall'  alto. 

Pluperfect ;  trapassato. 

Plural ;  id.  —  vote,  voto  di 
chi  ha  il  diritto  di  votare  in 
parecchi  luoghi  alia  stessa 
elezione,  voto  plurimo. 

Pluralist ;  chi  cumula  parecchi 
benefizi. 

Plus;   i.  piu.     2.  soprappiii. 

Plush;  felpa,  peluzzo. 

Plus-value ;  plusvalore. 

Plutocrat ;  plutocratico. 

Ply;  i.  attendere  a,  esercitare. 
2.  far  tragitti  regolari. 

Pneumatic ;  id. 

Pneumonia;  id. 

Poach  ;  i .  cacciare  di  contrab- 
bando.  i.  aftbgare  (ova).  3. 
ammollire  (calpestando). 

Pochard ;  moriglione. 

Pocket ;  i.  tasca,  saccoccia, 
scarsella.  2.  bilia.  3.  tasca- 
bile.  4.  intascare.  5.  Be 
out  of  — ,  scapitare. 

Pocket-book;  taccuino. 

Pocket-comb ;  pettinino  da 
tasca. 

Pocketful ;  tascata. 

Pocket-handkerchief;  pezzuo- 
la,  fazzoletto,  moccichino. 

Pocket-knife ;  coltellino  da 
tasca. 

Pocket-money;  spiccioli. 

Pockmark;  buttero. 

Pod ;  baccello,  guscio. 

Poem,  Poet ;  id. 

Poetry;  poesia. 

Poignant ;  amaro,  cocente. 

Ppint;  i.  punta,  puntina,  punto, 
puntino.  2.  at  backgammon, 
casa.  3.  At  every  — ,  dap- 
pertutto,  in  ogni  dove  ;  In 
every  — ,  sotto  ogni  rapporto. 

4.  ago  (delle  rotaie),  sviatoio. 

5.  essenziale,  questione;  Miss 
the  — ,  tralasciare  1'  essen- 
ziale ;  Catch  the  — ,  See  the 
— ,  cogliere  lo  spirito,  capire; 
v.  Versare  (6),   p.   651.     6. 
forza,  spirito,  sale,  sugo.     7. 
qualita  (del  cavallo).     8.  — 


Ixxxvi 


POINT-BLANK—POSTULANT 


lace,  trina  a  punto  d'  ago, 
merletto  ad  ago.  9.  Be  on 
the  —  of,  essere  per,  essere 
giusto  in  viadi,  esser  proprio 
sul  punto  di,  stare  sul  punto 
di.  10.  Make  a  —  of,  farsi 
un  dovere,  avere  per  regola. 
II.  Decimal  — ,  virgola  de- 
cimale.  12.  In  — •,  a  propo- 
sito.  13.  In  —  of,  in  fattu 
di.  14.  In  —  of  fact,  per 
dire  il  vero.  15.  To  the  — , 
al  fatto,  a  proposito,  alia 
questione.  16.  Not  to  the 
— •,  fuori  della  questione.  1 7. 
Carry  one's  — ,  vincerla, 
arrivare  al  punto  desiderato 
o  voluto.  1 8.  Maintain  one's 
— ,  far  valere  il  suo  proposito, 
aderire  alia  propria  opinione. 
19.  Press  the  — ,  insistere, 
incalzare.  20.  Stretch  a  — , 
allentare  la  regola,  concedere 
qualche  cosa.  21.  Take  the 
— ,  prender  1"  obiezione. 

22.  appuntare,  far  la  punta 
a.  23.  aggiungere  forza  (a 
cio  clie  si  e  detto).  24.  pun- 
teggiare.  25.  rabboccare, 
affilettare.  26.  accennare  a, 
indicare ;  —  to  the  con- 
clusion, far  concludere.  27. 
puntare,  dirigere.  28.  - 
at,  mostrare  col  dito,  sten- 
dere  il  dito  verso.  29. 
—  out,  osservare,  far  osser- 
vare. 

Point-blank ;  di  punto  in  bianco. 

Pointed;  marcato. 

Pointer;  i.  lancetta.  2.  cane 
da  fermo. 

Pointless ;  senza  sugo. 

Pointsman ;  sviatore,  devia- 
tore,  scambista. 

Poise ;  v.  Balance. 

Poison ;     i .     veleno,    tossico. 

2.  avvelenare,     attossicare. 

3.  invelenire. 

Poke;  i.  spintone.  2.  sacco ; 
Buy  a  pig  in  a  — ,  comprare 
la  gatta  in  sacco.  3.  dar  uno 
spintone  a.  4.  ficcare.  5.  at- 
tizzare.  6. — about,  frugare, 
frugacchiare. 

Poker ;  ,  i .  sbraciatoio,  attizza- 
toio.  2.  poker  (gioco). 

Pol-ar,  -arity,  -arise;  id. 

Polder ;  pantano  olandese  reso 
coltivabile. 

Pole;  i.  polo.  2.  pertica,  al- 
bero.  3.  calocchia,  palo  (di 
vite).  4.  timone  (di  carroz- 
za).  5.  Polacco. 

Pole-axe;  ascia  del  becchino. 

Polecat;  puzzola. 

Polemic ;  id. 

Police;  i.  polizia,  gendarmeria. 
2.  regolamenti  d'  ordine  pub- 
blico. 

Police-cell;  saladi  disciplina. 

Police-court ;  tribunale  corre- 
zionale. 

Policed ;  provveduto  di  polizia. 

Police-force ;  corpo  delle  guar- 
die. 

Policeman ;  carabiniere,  gen- 
darme. 

Police-sergeant ;  sergente  del- 
le guardie. 

Police-spy;  spia  di  polizia. 


Police-station ;  polizia,  ufficio 
di  questura. 

Police-van  ;  carro  della  ques- 
tura. 

Policy;"  i.  sistema,  modo  di 
agire.  2.  politica.  3.  sa- 
gacia,  avvedutezza,  prudenza. 

4.  polizza. 

Polish;  i.  lustro,  lucido,  puli- 
mento.  2.  pulire,  lisciare, 
lustrare,  limare.  3.  —  off, 
spedire,  sbrigare,  finire  alia 
meglio.  4.  —  up,  dirozzare. 

5.  Take   a    high    — ,    esser 
facile  a  lustrarsi. 

Polish  ;  polacco. 
Polished;  i.  lucente,  lustro,  lu- 
cido.   2.  colto, civile, cortese. 
Polisher;  pulitore,  lisciatore. 
Polishing-brush ;  brunitoio. 
Polishing-powder;  polvere  da 

lustrare. 

Polite  ;  cortese,  gentile,  garbato. 
Politeness ;     cortesia,     garbo, 

gentilezza. 

Political,  Politician ;  politico. 
Politics ;  politica. 
Polity;  governo,  costituzione. 
Polka ;  polca. 
Poll;  i .  ballottaggio,  votazione ; 

Demand   a   — ,  chiedere  un 

ballottatjgio.     2.  dare  il  voto. 

3.     ottenere    (votanti)  ;     He 

— ed  a  large  number  of  votes, 

ebbe  molti  voti. 
Pollack  ;  gado  pollacco. 
Pollard;  i.  capitozza.    2.  crusca 

col  cruschello.     3.   scapitoz- 

zare. 

Pollen ;  polline,  polviscolo. 
Poll-evil ;  mal  della  talpa,  ma- 

lattia  della  nuca  propria  degli 

equini. 
Polling-place;   luogo  per  vo- 

tare. 
Pollute;  contaminare,  sporcare, 

corrompere. 
Polluted;  pollute. 
Pollution ;  id. 
Polo ;    id.  (gioco  giocato  a  ca- 

vallo). 

Polonaise;  polacca. 
Polony ;  cervellata. 
Poltroon ;  vigliacco. 
Poly-;  poli-,  as  in  poli-gamo, 

-glotto,  -sillabo,  etc. 
Polyp ;  polipo. 
Polypody ;  erba  radiola. 
Pomade,  Pomatum ;   pomata, 

manteca. 

Pomegranate ;  melagrana. 
Pomelo ;  pampelimosa. 
Pommel;     i.    cosciale,    pomo. 

2.    battere,  malmenare,   dar 

pugni  a. 

Pomp  ;  pompa,  sfarzo. 
Pompom  ;   obice  che  tira  una 

granata  d'  una  libbra. 
Pompon ;  nappina. 
Pompous ;     pomposo,    gonfio, 

complimentoso,   burbanzoso, 

sfarzoso,  ampolloso. 
Pompousness ;  pomposila. 
Poncho ;  poncio. 
Pond ;     stagno,     pozzanghera. 

Mill  — ,   Ixjttaccio. 
Ponder;  medilare. 
Ponderous;  pesante.massiccio. 
Pond- weed ;   I.   bietola  d'  ac- 

qua.     2.    erba  galla. 


Poniard ;  pugnale. 
Pontiff;  pontefice. 
Pontoon  ;  pontone.  —  train, 

equipaggio  da  ponti. 
Pony;    i.    cavallino.      2.    ven- 

ticinque  lire  sterline. 
Pood ;  peso  russo  di  sedici  kilo- 

giammi. 
Poodle ;  barbone.     Maltese  — , 

can  maltese. 
Pooh ;  poh  ! 

Pool;  i.  laght:tto.  2.  partita 
in  cui  ogni  giocatore  mette 
una  posta  e  il  totale  va  al 
vincitore.  3.  certo  gioco  sul 
biliardo.  4.  mettere  in  co- 
mune  i  guadagni  di  diverse 
compagnie  per  esser  poi  ri- 
partiti. 

Poop  ;  cassero  di  poppa. 

Pooped ;  impoppato. 

Poor;  i.  povero.  2.  magro, 
scarso.  3.  poveretto. 

Poor-box ;  cassetta  dei  poveri. 

Poor-house ;  asilo  dei  poveri. 

Poor-law ;  legge  sul  paupe- 
rismo. 

Poorly;  i.  imlisposto,  soffrente, 
malaticcio.  2.  scarsamente. 

Poor-spirited;  pusillanime. 

Pop;  i.  scoppietto.  2.  crac  ! 
3.  posare  presto.  4.  Go  off 
with  a  — ,  scoppiare.  5.  — 
in,  entrar  subito.  6.  —  off, 
scappar  via.  7.  —  up,  (a)  ri- 
alzar  la  testa,  (b)  soprav- 
venire. 

Pope ;  papa. 

Popedom ;  papato. 

Popery ;  papismo. 

Pope's  nose ;  codrione. 

Pop-gun;  schioppettino a  aria. 

Popinjay;  pappagallo. 

Popish ;  papist-a,  -ico. 

Poplar ;  pioppo.  —  wood,  al- 
bero,  v,  Albero  (2). 

Poplin ;  tela  di  seta  e  lana, 
poplina. 

Poppet-head;  toppo. 

Poppy ;  papavero.  Field  — , 
rosolaccio. 

Populace ;  volgo. 

Popular ;  popol-are,  -ano. 

Popul-ate,  -ation,  -ous;  po- 
pol-are, -azione,  -oso. 

Porcelain ;  porcellana. 

Porch ;  portico. 

Porcupine ;  istrice. 

Pore;  i.  poro.  2.  studiare 
attentamente. 

Pork ;  carne  di  porco. 

Pork-butcher ;  pizzicagnolo. 

Pork -chop;  costoletta  di  porco. 

Porker;  porchetto. 

Porous ;  id. 

Porphyry;  porfido. 

Porpoise ;  focena,  porco  pesce, 
marsovino. 

Porridge ;  farinata. 

Porringer;  scodella. 

Port;  i.  porto.  2.  vino  di 
Oporto.  3.  babordo.  4. 
apertura,  orificio. 

Portable ;  id. 

Portage ;  iuogo  innavigabile 
d'  un  Inline. 

Portal ;  portone. 

Portcullis ;  saracinesca. 

Porte ;  porta  ottomana. 

Portend;  presagire. 


Portent ;  ill. 

Porter;  i.  portinaio,  portiere. 
2.  facchino.  3.  specie  di 
birra  nera. 

Porterage ;  facchinaggio. 
Portfolio ;  portafogli. 
Port-hole;  portello. 
Portico;  id. 

Portion;  i.  iJ.,  parte.  2.  spar- 
tire. 

Portly;  grassoccio. 
Portmanteau ;  valigia. 
Portrait;  ritratto.     —  painter, 

ritrattista. 

Portraiture ;  ritratti. 
Portray;  dipingere,  rapprescn- 

tare. 

Portress;  portinaia. 
Pose;   i.  posa,  positura.     2.  at- 
teggiare.     3.    —  as,  fare   il, 
darsi     per,     spacciarsi     per. 
4.  sconcertare,  ridurre  al  si- 
lenzio,  confondere. 
Poser ;    questione   o   domanda 
alia  quale  non  si  sa  rispon- 
dere,    argomento     irrefraga- 
bile. 

Position ;  id. 
Positiv-e,  -ism,  -ist ;  id. 
Posse;  manoforte. 
Possess;   i .  possedere, godersi. 
2.  — ed,  invasato,  insatanas- 
sato,  ossesso. 

Possess-ion,  -ive,  -or;  iii. 
Posset ;  bevanda  di  latte. 
Possible ;  id. 
Possum ;  v.  Opossum. 
Post;   i.  palo,  stipite  (di  porta), 
colonna  (di  letto).     2.  posto, 
impiego.      3.     posta,    ufficio 
della  posta.    4.  tappa.    5.  By 
to-day's  — ,  col  corriere  d'  og- 
gi ;  By  return  of  — ,  a  volta 
di  corrieie. 

6.  postare,porre,  collocare. 
7.  affissare.     8.  viaggiare  per 
posta.     9.  impostare.     10.  ri- 
portare  a  mastro.     n.  — up, 
mettere  al  corrente. 
Postage  ;  spese  di  posta. 
Postage-stamp;  francobollo. 
Postal ;    iJ.      — •  order,   vaglia 

postale. 

Post-bag;  bolgetta. 
Post-boy;    i.    postiglione.     2. 

postino. 
Postdate ;      posdatare,    datare 

posteriormente. 
Poster ;  affisso,  cartellone. 
Poste     restante ;      fermo    in 

posta. 

Posterior ;  id. 
Posterity ;  i  posteri. 
Postern ;  postierla. 
Post-free;  franco  di  porto. 
Post-haste;  in  gran  fretta. 
Post-horse ;  cavallo  di  posta. 
Posthumous ;  postumo. 
Postillion ;  postiglione. 
Postman;  postino. 
Postmaster ;      maestro     della 

posta. 
Postmaster  general;  ministro 

delle  poste  e  telegrafi. 
Post  mortem ;  autossia,  sezione 

del  cadavere. 

Postpone ;  posporre,  rimettere. 
Postponement ;  posposizione. 
Postscript ;  poscritto. 
Postulant;  id,  candidate. 


POSTULATE— PRESUME 


Ixxxvii 


Postulate;  i.  postulate.  2.  pre- 
supporre,  chiedere. 

Posture ;  id.,  posa,  atteggia- 
mento,  posizione. 

Posy;  mazzetto. 

Pot;  i.  vaso,  brocca,  boccale, 
pentola  ;  Copper  — ,  ramino ; 
Flower  — ,  vaso  da  riori  ; 

Watering ,  anaftiatoio  ;  — 

luck,  quel  che  da  il  con- 
vento.  i.  Go  to  — ,  andare 
in  rovina.  3.  insalare,  con- 
servare  in  vaso.  4.  mettere 
in  vaso  o  vasi.  5.  uccidere 
(con  schioppettata).  6.  — 
at,  tirar  su.  7.  —  shot,  tiro 
secco,  tiro  a  bersaglio. 

Potable;  id. 

Potash;  potassa. 

Potations ;  sbevazzamenti. 

Potato ;  patata.  —  stalk,  stelo 
di  patata.  —  stalks,  sterpi 
di  patate. 

Pot-bellied ;  panciuto. 

Pot-belly ;  pancione. 

Pot-boiler ;  quadro  o  altro 
fatto  per  fini  economici. 

Pot-cover;  testo,  coperchio  di 
marmitta. 

Potent;  id.,  possente. 

Potentate ;  id. 

Potential ;  potenziale. 

Potentilla;  id. 

Potful ;  contenuto  d'  un  vaso. 

Pot-hat;  cappello  di  feltro 
duro. 

Pother;  frastuono,  noie,  imba- 
razzi. 

Pot-herb;  erbadiorto;  in//., 
ortaggi. 

Pot-hole ;  buco  nel  letto  d'  un 
fiuine  fatto  da  un  vortice 
dell'  acqua. 

Pot-hook;  i.  cremagliera,  gan- 
cio  per  sostenere  una  pentola. 

1.  lettera  a  gancio. 
Pot-house  ;  bettola. 
Pot -lid;  v.  Pot-cover. 
Potman ;  garzone  di  bettola. 
Potsherd;  coccio. 
Pottage ;  minestra. 

Potter ;     i .     vasaio,    pentolaio. 

2.  v.   Loiter. 

Pottery;  vasellame,  stoviglie. 
Potting ;  invasatura. 
Pottle;  cestellino  (di  fragole). 
Pot-valiant ;   coraggioso  dopo 

aver  bevuto. 
Pouch;     i.     scarsella,    borsa, 

tasca.      i.   zaino.      3.   intas- 

care. 

Poult;  pollastrello. 
Poulterer;  pollaiolo. 
Poultice  ;    impiastro,  cataplas- 

ma. 
Poultry ;    pollame.     —  house, 

pollaio.      —  yard,  corte  pel 

pollame. 
Pounce;  i.sandracca.   2.  piom- 

bare  su,  aggranfiare,  mettere 

gli  artigli  su. 
Pound ;  i.  libbra  (454  grammi). 

2.    lira   sterlina.      3.    stabu- 

lario.      4.     pestare,    tritare, 

frantumare. 
Poundage;   un  tanto  per  lira, 

senseria,  commissione. 
Pounder ;    24  — ,  cannone  da 

ventiquattro,    or    di    dodici 

chili  di  portata. 


Pour;    i.    versare.     2.   piovere 

dirottamente.      3.    —  forth, 

dar  fuori,  dare  sfogo  a.    4.  — 

in,  arrivare  in  gran  quantita 

o  a  flotti. 

Pourboire  ;  mancia. 
Pourparlers ;  trattalive. 
Pout;     i.    broncio.      2.    gado 

barbuto.      3.    fare  il  grugno, 

tenere  il  broncio. 
Pouter    pigeon ;     piccione    a 

gola  grossa. 
Poverty;  poverta. 
Powder;    i.    polvere.     2.   pol- 

verina.    3.  spolverare.    4.  in- 

cipriare. 

Powder-box ;  scatola  da  cipria. 
Powder-flask,    -horn ;    borsa 

o  fiaschetto  da  polvere. 
Powder-magazine;  Santa  Bar- 
bara. 

Powder-mill ;  polveriera. 
Powdery;  polveroso,  ridotto  a 

polvere,  friabile. 
Power;     i.     potere,    potenza, 

forza,   facolta.     2.   —  of  at- 
torney,  procura. 
Powerful ;  potente. 
Powerless;    senza  forza,  senza 

mezzi,  impotente. 
Pow-wow ;  cagnara. 
Pox ;  mal  francese. 
Practicable ;     praticabile,    at- 

tuabile. 

Practical ;  pratico. 
Practice;   i.  pratica,  abitudine, 

uso.     2.  esercizio.     3.  clien- 

tela.     4.    metodo  delle  parti 

aliquote. 
Practise  ;   i.  pratica.     i.  prati- 

care,    esercitare,    mettere   in 

pratica. 

Practised ;  pratico,  perito. 
Practitioner;  medico. 
Praepostor;  v.  Prepostor. 
Praetor;  pretore. 
Pragmatical ;  prammatico,  ar- 

rogante. 

Prairie ;  prato,  prateria. 
Prairie-dog ;  niarmotta  ameri- 

cana. 
Prairie-hen;  gallinadi  Karaone 

americana. 

Prairie-wolf;  v.  Coyote. 
Praise;   i.   lode.     2.  lodare. 
Prance ;    balzellare,    saltellare, 

impennarsi,     cavalcare     con 

brio,  pavoneggiarsi. 
Prancing;  lesto,  vivo. 
Prank ;  scappata,  birichinata. 
Prate ;    chiacchierare,   ciarlare, 

chiocciare,  cicalare,cianciare. 
Pratincole ;  pernice  di  mare. 
Pratique;  pratica. 
Prattle ;  v.  Prate. 
Prawn;  palemone. 
Praxis;  pratica. 
Pray;  pregare. 
Prayer;  preghiera. 
Prayer-book;     Hbro    di    pre- 

ghiere. 

Prayerful ;  pio,  devoto. 
Preach ;  predicare. 
Preadamite ;  preadamitico. 
Preadmonish ;  preammonire. 
Preamble ;  preambolo. 
Prearrange;  determinare  o  con- 

certare  innanzi  tempo. 
Prebend,  -ary;  id. 
Precarious;  precario. 


Precaution ;  id. 

Precede ;  id. 

Precentor;  id.,  capo-coro. 

Precept;  precetto. 

Precinct;  recinto. 

Precious;  prezioso. 

Precipice ;  precipizio. 

Precipitate ;  precipitate. 

Precipitous;  id. 

Precis-e,  -ion;  id. 

Precisian  ;  formalista. 

Preclude ;  id. 

Precocious;  precoce. 

Preconceived ;  preconcetto. 

Preconcerted ;  gia  combinato. 

Precursor;  id. 

Predatory;  id. 

Predecease ;  premorire. 

Predecessor;  id. 

Predella ;  fregio  al  disotto 
d'  un'  ancona. 

Pre-destine,  -determine ;  id. 

Predicament ;  mal  passo. 

Predicate;  i.  predicato.  2. 
predicare. 

Predict ;  predire. 

Pre-diction,  -dilection ;  id. 

Prediscover ;  scoprire  prima. 

Predispose ;  predisporre. 

Predominance  ;  predominio. 

Predomin-ant,  -ate ;  id. 

Pre-eminent ;  preminente. 

Pre  -  emption  ;  preacquisto. 
Right  of  — ,  diritto  di  pre- 
lazione  neir  acquisto. 

Preen ;  pulire,  lisciare  (le  piume). 

Pre-engage;  ingaggiare prima, 
assicurarsi  avanti. 

Pre-establish;  prestabilire. 

Pre-exist ;  preesistere. 

Preface ;  i .  prefazione,  pro- 
emio.  2.  dire  avanti,  intro- 
durre,  far  preambolo. 

Prefatory ;  preliminare,  che 
serve  per  introduzione. 

Prefect ;  prefetto. 

Prefer ;  preferire. 

Preference ;  preferenza.  — 
share,  azione  privilegiata. 

Preferential ;  che  ha  preferen- 
za. —  rights,  privilegi  par- 
ticolari.  shareholder, 

azionario  privilegiato. 

Prefigure ;  rappresentare  an- 
ticipatamente. 

Prefix;  i. prefisso.  2.  prefiggere. 

Pregnant ;  gravido,  incinto, 
pregno. 

Prehensile  ;  prensile. 

Prehistoric ;  preistorico. 

Prejudge  ;  pregiudicare. 

Prejudice;  pregiudizio,  preven- 
zione. 

Prelacy ;  episcopate,  prelatura. 

Prelate ;  id. 

Preliminary ;  preliminare. 

Prelude ;  preludio,  toccata. 

Premature ;  id. 

Premeditate ;  premeditare. 

Premier ;  primo  ministro,  pre- 
sidente  del  consiglio. 

Premiership ;  presidenza  del 
consiglio. 

Premise  ;  premettere,  spiegare 
in  primo  luogo. 

Premises;  i.  locali,  casa  e  sue 
attenenze,  stabili  con  annessi 
e  connessi.  2.  suddetti  ar- 
ticoli. 

Premiss;  premessa. 


Premium;    i.  premio.     2.  ec- 

cedenza  sopra  la  parl. 
Premolar ;  molare  falso. 
Premonitory;  d' avvertimento, 

prodromico. 

Preoccupied ;  preoccupalo. 
Preordain ;  preordinare. 
Prepaid ;  franco. 
Prepare ;  preparare. 
Prepay;  afirancare. 
Prepense ;  premeditate. 
Preponderate ;  id. 
Preposition;  id. 
Prepossessing;  simpatico,  av- 

venente. 

Preposterous;  piii  che  assurdo. 
Prepostor ;    allievo    con    certi 

doveri  e  privilegi  speciali. 
Pre-Raphaelite;  preraffaelliti- 

co. 

Prerogative;  id. 
Presage;   i.  presagio.     2.  pre- 

sagire. 

Presbyopia;  id. 
Presbyter;  anziano. 
Presbyterian ;  id. 
Prescient;  id. 
Prescribe ;  prescrivere. 
Prescriptive;  prescrittivo. 
Presence;  i.  presenza.     2.  as- 

petto. 
Presence-chamber;    sala    di 

ricevimento. 
Present;    i.  presente.      2.   at- 

tuale.    3.  corrente.    4.  dono. 

5.   Be  —  at,  assistere  a.     6. 

presentare,  offrire. 
Presentation;    i.    id.      2.    — 

copy,    copia    presentata    in 

omaggio. 

Presentiment;  id. 
Presently ;     fra     poco,     dopo 

breve  tempo. 
Presentment ;      presentazione 

fatta  dal  "grand  jury,"  cioe 

dai  giurati  d'  accusa. 
Preservation;  id.,  salute. 
Preservative ;  id. 
Preserve;  i.  conserva,  confet- 

tura.      2.   bandita.     3.    pre- 

servare,  conservare.     4.  pro- 

teggere.     5.  confettare. 
Preserver;  salvatore.    Life — , 

(a)  cintura  di  salvamento,  (6) 

canna  impiombata. 
Preserving-pan ;  bastardella. 
Preside;  presedere. 
Press;   t.  torchio,  strettoio.     2. 

armadio,     guardaroba.        3. 

calca,    pressa.      4.    stampa. 

5.  premere,  stringere,  pigiare, 

serrare.      6.    incalzare.      7. 

pregare,  insistere  presso,  sol- 

lecitare.     8.  —  on,   —  for- 
ward,   farsi     avanti,     andar 

sempre  avanti.     9.   Carry  a 

—  of  sail,  far  forza,  o  sforzo, 

di  vele. 

Press-bed ;  letto  a  armadio. 
Press-gang ;    compagnia    per 

1'    arruolamento    forzato    di 

marinari. 

Pressingly ;  pressantemente. 
Pressman ;  giornalista. 
Pressmark ;  marca. 
Pressure;    i.    pressione.      2. 

urgenza. 

Pressure-gauge;  manometro. 
Prestige ;  prestigio. 
Presume;  presumere. 


Ixxxviii 


PRESUMPTION— PROSODY 


Presumption ;  presunzione. 
Presuppose ;  presupporre. 
Pretence ;  pretesto,  apparenza, 

colore.     Under  false  — s,  per 

inganno,    con     rappresenta- 

zioni  finte. 
Pretend ;   pretendere,  allegare 

come  pretesto,  far  sembiante. 

—  to  be,  tingere  il. 
Pretended ;  falso,  sedicente. 
Pretender;  pretendente. 
Pretension ;  id. 
Preterite ;  preterito,  remoto. 
Pretermit ;  trascurare. 
Preternatural ;  anormale,  inso- 

lito. 

Preterperfect ;  passato  remoto. 
Preterpluperfect ;      trapassato 

perfetto  o  remoto. 
Pretext ;  v.  Pretence. 
Pretty;    i.  vezzoso,  leggiadro, 

gentile,    hello.       2.    abbas- 

tanza.     —  nearly,  vicino  a, 

quasi,  pressappoco. 
Prevail ;     i .    prevalere,   sover- 

chiare.      I.    —   with,    deci- 

dere  a. 
Prevailing;  prevalente,  in  voga, 

alia  moda,  regnante. 
Prevaricate ;  tergiversare. 
Prevent ;  impedire,  prevenire. 
Preventable  ;  da  impedirsi. 
Prevention ;    1'  impedire.     — 

is  better  than  cure,  e  meglio 

prevenire  che  guarire. 
Preventive ;  preservativo. 
Previous;  previo,  anteriore. 
Previously ;  anteriormente,  an- 

zitutto,  prima. 
Prevision ;  id. 
Prey;    i.   preda.     i.  —  upon, 

(a)  divorare,  (/>)  rodere,  gua- 

stare.     3.   Of  — ,  di  rapina, 

carnivoro. 
Price;  i.  prezzo.     i.  valutare, 

tassare. 

Priceless ;  inestimable. 
Price-list ;  listino. 
Prick;  i.  puntura.    2.  pungere. 

3.  puntare  (carta).    4.  —  up, 

drizzare. 

Pricking;  pizzicore. 
Prickle ;  punta,  spina. 
Prickly;  spinoso. 
Prickly  heat ;  lichene  vescico- 

lare,  cociore. 

Prickly  pear;  fico  d'  India. 
Pride;     i.    orgoglio,   alterigia. 

2.    — •   oneself,    vantarsi   di, 

farsi  gloria  di. 
Priest ;  prete,  sacerdote. 
Priestcraft ;  clericalismo. 
Priesthood  ;  clero,  sacerdozio. 
Priestly;  pretesco. 
Priest-ridden  ;    governato  dai 

preti. 
Prig;  i.  saccentone,  saputello, 

rigorista.     2.   sgraffignare. 
Priggish ;  saccente. 
Prim ;   precise,   attillato,  stec- 

chito. 

Primacy ;  primazia,  primato. 
Primary ;  id.,  principale. 
Primate ;  primate. 
Prime;     i.    di   prima   qualita, 

eccellente,  di  primo  ordine ; 

—  fun,  molto  divertente,  di- 
vertimento  inolto   gaio.      i. 
primo.     3.  fiore.     —  of  life, 
tiore   dell'   eta.      4.    metier 


1'  inesco.  5.  far  1'  imprimi- 
tura,  metter  la  mestica.  6. 
imbeccare.  7.  ebollire,  v. 
Priming  (2). 

Primer;  i.  abecedario,  libretto 
elementare.  i.  Long  — , 
garamone,  dieci  punti ;  Great 
— ,  carattere  di  diciotto 
punti. 

Primeval ;  primitive. 

Priming;  i.  inesco.  2.  proie- 
zione  d'  acqua,  invece  di 
vapore  nei  cilindri. 

Primogeniture ;  id. 

Primordial ;  id. 

Primrose ;  primavera  minore. 

Primula;  id. 

Prince;  principe. 

Princely;  principesco. 

Princess ;  principessa. 

Principal;  i.  id.,  padrone.  2. 
capitate.  3.  rappresentato, 
mandante,  committente. 

Principality ;  principato. 

Principle  ;  principle. 

Principled  ;  Well  — ,  che  ha 
dei  buoni  principii. 

Print ;  i.  incisione,  stampa.  2. 
impressione.  3.  giornale.  4. 
carattere.  5.  In  — ,  stampa- 
to ;  Out  of  — ,  esaurito.  6. 
Indiana.  7.  stampare,  im- 
primere. 

Printer;  tipografo,  stampatore. 
—  and  publisher,  tipografo- 
editore. 

Printing;  i.  impressione, stam- 
pa. 2.  tipografia. 

Printing-machine ;  macchina 
tipografica. 

Printing-office ;  stamperia. 

Printing-press ;  torchio  da 
stampa. 

Prior;  i.  priore.  2.  anteriore, 
antecedente. 

Priory ;  priorato. 

Prism ;  prisma. 

Prison ;  prigione. 

Prisoner;  i.  prigioniere.  2. 
accusato. 

Prisoner's-base;  bomba. 

Pristine;  id. 

Prithee ;  ti  prego. 

Privacy ;  segretezza,  interno. 

Private;  i.  id.,  segreto.  2. 
semplice  (soldato).  3.  — 
individual,  particolare.  4. 
civile.  5.  In  — ,  a  porte 
chiuse,  privatamente. 

Privateer ;  corsaro  patentato. 

Priva-tion,  -live ;  id. 

Privet ;  ruvistico. 

Privilege ;  privilegio. 

Privy;  i.  cesso.  i.  privato. 
3.  consapevole,  iniziato. 

Prize;  i.  premio,  guiderdone. 
2.  presa,  preda.  3.  stimare, 
far  caso  di.  4.  —  open, 
aprire  con  una  leva.  5.  pre- 
miato. 

Prize-fight;  combattimento  di 
pugilatori. 

Prize-fighter;  pugilatore. 

Prizeman;  laureate. 

Pro;  id. 

Probable ;  id. 

Probate ;  verificazione  d'  un 
testamento. 

Probate-duty;  tassa  del  la  veri- 
ficazione d'  un  testamento. 


Probation ;     prova,    noviziato. 

On  — ,  di  prova. 
Probationer;  novizio,  appren- 
dista,  persona  che  fa  le  sue 

prove. 
Probationership ;       tirocinio, 

tempo  di  prova,  noviziato. 
Probe;   i.   sonda.     2.  sondare. 
Probity;  id.,  integrita. 
Problem;  problema. 
Proboscis ;  proboscide. 
Procedure ;  procedure. 
Proceed  ;    i .  procedere,  conti- 

nuare.      2.    derivare,   prove- 

nire. 

Proceeding ;  procedimento. 
Proceeds;  ricavo,  risultato. 
Process;  i.  /',/.  2.  apofisi. 

3.    andamento,  corso. 
Procession ;  id.,  corteggio. 
Proclaim  ;  proclamare. 
Proclamation;  proclama,  ban- 
do. 

Proclivity ;  id. 
Proconsul ;  id. 
Procrastinate ;  id. 
Procreate ;  id. 

Proctor;  procuratore,  censore. 
Procumbent ;  procombente. 
Procuration  ;  procura. 
Procure ;  id. 
Procurer;  ruffiano. 
Prod ;  piccare,  pungolare,  spun- 

zonare,  stuzzicare. 
Prodigal ;  prodigo. 
Prodigious;  id. 
Prodigy;  prodigio. 
Produce;    i.    frutto.      2.    pro- 

durre. 

Producer;  produttore. 
Product ;  prodotto. 
Production ;  produzione. 
Productive ;  produttivo. 
Profane ;  id. 
Profess ;  id. 
Professed ;  dichiarato. 
Professional ;  id.,  maestro. 
Professorship ;  professorate. 
Proffer;  profferire. 
Proficient ;  id. 
Profile ;  profilo. 
Profit;    i.   profitto.     2.   servire 

a,  giovare  a. 

Profitable;  utile,  profittevole. 
Profligate;  scellerato,malvagio, 

libertino,  depravato. 
Profound ;  profondo,  alto  (son- 
no). 

Profuse ;  id. 

Progenitor ;  id.,  antenato. 
Progeny ;  progenie,  prosapia. 
Prognosticate ;  pronosticare. 
Programme ;  programma. 
Progress;    i.   id.      2.    progre- 

dire. 

Prohibit ;  proibire. 
Project;   i.   progetto.     2.  pro- 

gettare.    3.  sporgere  in  fuori, 

aggettare. 

Projectile;  proiettile. 
Projecting;  sporgente. 
Projection;  aggetto,  sporto. 
Prolapse ;  prolasso. 
Prolegomena ;  prolegomeni. 
Prolepsis ;  prolessi. 
Proletarian ;  proletario. 
Prolific;  il. 
Prolix ;  prolisso. 
Prologue ;  pvologo. 
Prolong;  prolungare. 


Promenade;  i.  passeggio.  i. 
spasseggiata.  3.  passeggiare. 

Prominent ;  id.,  spiccato,  spor- 
gente. 

Promiscuous ;  promiscuo. 

Promiscuousness ;  promiscu- 
ita. 

Promise;  i.  promessa.  2. 
speranza.  3.  promettere. 

Promissory ;  id. 

Promontory;  id. 

Promote ;  promuovere. 

Promotion ;  promozione. 

Prompt ;  pronto. 

Promulgate;  id. 

Prone;  i.  bocconi.  2.  pro- 
clive,  disposto,  inclinato. 

Prong ;  rebbio. 

Pronoun ;  pronome. 

Pronounce ;  pronunziare. 

Pronunciation ;  pronunzia. 

Proof;  i.  prova.  2.  bozza. 
3.  a  prova  di,  a  tutta  prova, 
superiore  ;  Bomb  — ,  a  prova 
di  bomba. 

Prop;  i.  puntello,  appoggio, 
sostegno,  capra  del  baroccio. 

2.  puntellare. 
Propaganda ;  id. 
Propagate;      id.,     diffondere, 

propagginare. 

Propel ;  spingere  innanzi. 

Propeller ;  propulsore. 

Propensity;  propensione. 

Proper;  i.  proprio,  convene- 
vole,  confacente.  2.  giusto, 
esalto.  3.  He  — ,  conve- 
rt ire. 

Properly ;  propriamente,  gius- 
tamente,  ammodo,  bene. 

Property;  i.  proprieta,  avere, 
fondi,  beni  mobili  ed  imino- 
bili.  2.  in  pi.,  fabbisogno. 

3.  —  tax,  imposta  fondiaria. 
Prophecy;  profezia. 
Prophesy ;  profetizzare. 
Prophet ;  profeta. 
Prophylactic ;  profilattico. 
Propinquity;  id. 
Propitiate ;  propiziare. 
Propolis ;  propoli. 
Proportion;  id. 

Proposal ;  proposta,  ofterta. 

Propose ;  proporre,  proporsi, 
offrir  la  mano. 

Proposer;  proponente. 

Proposition ;  id. 

Propound ;  mettere  in  campo. 

Proprietor ;  proprietario,  pos- 
sidente.  Joint  — ,  compro- 
prietario. 

Proprietorship ;  padronanza. 

Propriety;  convenienza.decoro, 
dovere. 

Propulsion ;  id. 

Prorogue ;  prorogare. 

Prosaic ;  id. 

Proscribe;  proscrivere. 

Prescript;  proscritto. 

Prose;  i.  prosa.  2.  parlar 
tediosamente. 

Prosecute;  i.  processare.  J. 
proseguire. 

Prosecution;  i.  processo, 
querela.  2.  regio  procura- 
tore. 3.  proseguimento. 

Prosecutor;  attore,  querelante. 

Proselyte;  proselito. 

Proser;  narratore  tedioso. 

Prosody;  id. 


PROSPECT— PURPLISH 


Ixxxix 


Prospect;    i.  prospettiva,  pro- 

spetto,    vista.      2.    ricercare 

terreno  mincrario. 
Prospectively ;  per  1'avvenire. 
Prospectus ;     prospetto,     pro- 

getto,    prograrama  d'   emis- 

sione. 

Prosper;  prosperare. 
Prosperous;  prospero. 
Prostitute ;    i.   id.     i.  prosti- 

tuire. 
Prostrate ;     j.    id.       2.    pro- 

strare. 

Prosy ;  stucchevole,  insulso. 
Protasis;  protasi. 
Protean ;  proteiforme. 
Protect ;  proteggere. 
Protection ;  protezione. 
Protective  ;  difensivo. 
Protectorate ;  protettorato. 
Protege  ;  protetto. 
Protest;   i.   -o.     i.  -are. 
Protocol;  protocollo. 
Protomartyr ;  protomartire. 
Prototype ;  prototipo. 
Protract ;  protrarre. 
Protraction ;  protrazione. 
Protrude;   i.  sporgere.    2.  fare 

sporgere,  cacciar  fuori. 
Protrusion;  lo sporgere, sporto, 

agyetto,  proiezione. 
Protuberance;  id. 
Protuberant;  id.,  prominente. 
Proud ;  orgoglioso,  altiero,  su- 

perbo.     —  flesh,  cicciolotto. 
Provable;  id. 
Prove;  i.  provare.     i.  tornare, 

riuscire. 

Proven?al;  provenzale. 
Provender;  foraggio. 
Proverb;  proverbio. 
Provide;  i.  provvedere,munire. 

i.  stipulare. 

Provided  that ;  purche. 
Providence ;  provvidenza. 
Provident ;  provvid-ente,  -o. 
Province ;     i.    provincia.      2. 

sfera,  carico,  competenza  ;  It 

is  my  — ,  spetta  a  me. 
Provincial,  -ism  ;  id. 
Provision;  i .  provvisione,  pre- 

cauzione.       2.    disposizione. 

3.  — s,    provvigioni,   viveri. 

4.  approvvigionare. 
Provisional;  provvisorio,  prov- 

visionale. 
Provision-dealer ;  negoziante 

di  commesiibili. 
Proviso;  stipulazione,  patto. 
Provisory;  condizionale. 
Provoke ;  provocare,  stuzzicare. 
Provoking;  seccante,  noioso. 
Provost ;  proposto,  rettore,  sin- 

daco. 
Provostship ;  preposilura,  sin- 

dacato. 

Prow ;  prora. 
Prowess ;  prodezza. 
Prowl ;  andar  in  busca,  cercar 

la    preda.      —   about,    girar 

intorno,  gironzare,  girellare. 
Prox.;  prossimo. 
Proximate;  immediate. 
Proximity ;  prossimita. 
Proxy ;  i .  deputato,  procuratore. 

i.  procura. 
Prude  ;    scliizzinosa,   finta  mo- 

desta,  schifiltosa. 
Prudent ;  id.,  savio,  sagace,  ac- 

corto. 

H. 


Prudery ;     modestia    affettata, 

schifilta. 
Prune ;    i.    prugna   secca.      2. 

potare,  mondare. 
Prunella;  prunella. 
Pruning-hook,  -knife ;  fal- 

cetto. 

Prurient ;  libidinoso. 
Prurigo ;  prurito. 
Pry ;    spiare,    ficcare    il    naso. 

Paul  — ,  indiscrete. 
Prying ;  curiosita  indiscreta. 
Psalm  ;  salmo. 
Psalmody;  salmodia. 
Psalter;  salterio. 
Pseudo ;  falso,  supposto. 
Pseudonym ;  pseudonimo. 
Pshaw!  oibo! 
Psychology ;  psicologia. 
Ptarmigan ;       francolino      di 

monte. 

Puberty;  puberta. 
Public;  pubblico. 
Publican ;  bettoltere,  oste. 
Publication ;  pubblicazione. 
Public-house ;  osteria. 
Publicity;  pubblicita. 
Public  spirit ;  spirito  pubblico, 

zelo  del  benessere  della  co- 

munita. 
Public-spirited ;      devoto     al 

bene  pubblico. 
Publish ;      pubblicare.       Just 

— ed,  nuovamente  uscito. 
Publisher;  editore. 
Puce ;  color  pulce. 
Pucker;    i.    ruga,    grinza.     2. 

raggrinzare,  pieghettare. 
Pudding  ;    budino.     Black  — , 

sanguinaccio. 

Pudding-stone ;  puddinga. 
Puddle ;   i .  guazzo,  pozzanghe- 

ra.      2.   stangonare,  puddel- 

lare. 

Puddler;  puddellatore. 
Puerile;  id. 
Puerperal ;  id. 
Puff;  i.  somo,sbuffo.   i.  fiocco, 

sboffo,    sgonfio.      3.    vescia. 

4.  soffietto  ampolloso,  ciarla- 

tanata.     5.  —  of  smoke,  boc- 

cata  di  fumo.    6.  soffiare.    7. 

far  la  reclame  a,  stralodare. 

8.  —  up,  gonfiare,  fare  in- 

superbire.     9.  —  and  blow, 

ansare. 

Puff-ball;  vescia. 
Puffin ;    puffino,   polcinella  di 

mare. 

Puffy ;  gonfiato,  paffuto. 
Pug;   i.   botolo,  muffolo,  mops. 

2.   unire  con  calcina. 
Pugaree  ;  sciarpa  da  cappello. 
Pugging ;  calcina  fatta  di  terra 

e    paglia    per    ammortire    i 

suoni. 

Pugilist ;  pugilatore. 
Pugilistic ;  di  pugilato. 
Pug-mill ;  madia. 
Pugnacious;    battagliero,   pu- 

gnace. 

Pugnacity;  combattivita. 
Pug-nose ;     naso     camuso     o 

schiacciato. 
Pull;    i.    tiro,   strappata.      2. 

trazione.    3.  sorsata.    4.  im- 

pressione  tratta  da  un  torchio 

a  mano.      5.  vantaggio.     6. 

Severe  — ,  duro  lavoro.     7. 

A    —    on    the    water,    una 


passeggiata  in  un  battello  o 

sull'  acqua. 

8.    tirare,    strappare,    tra- 

scinare.  9.  vogare.   10.  tirare 

le  redini  a  un  cavallo  dacorsa 

per  fini  malonesti. 
Pull  about ;  stiracchiare,  scom- 

pigliare,  palpeggiare,  branci- 

care. 
Pull    apart,   away ;    separate, 

strappare,  tirar  via. 
Pull  back;  tirar  indietro,  trat- 

tenere. 
Pull  the  bell ;  sonare  il  campa- 

nello. 
Pull  down;  atterrare,demolire, 

spianare. 
Pull  off;   i.  svellere,  strappare. 

2.  vincere  ;   Pull  it  off,  riu- 
scire. 

Pull  on ;  mettere  (vestiti). 
Pull  oneself  together ;  racco- 

gliere  le  proprie  forze. 
Pull    open ;  aprire   con   forza, 

o  premurosamente. 
Pull  out;  tirar  o  cavar  fuori. 
Pull  the  trigger;    pressare  il 

grilletto. 
Pull    through;     i.    aiutare    a 

sormontare,  tirar  d'  impaccio. 

2.  uscire  vivo,  scappar  sano, 

venire  a  capo  di. 
Pull  together;  agire  d' accordo, 

lavorare  tutti  insieme. 
Pull  up;    i.  tirar  s'u.     2.   fer- 

mare.     3.  fermarsi.     4.  cen- 

surare,  rampognare. 
Pullet;  pollastro. 
Pulley;  puleggia,  carrucola. 
Pulmonary ;  id. 
Pulp;     i.     polpa,    pasta.      2. 

ridurre  a  pasta. 
Pulping-machine ;      cilindro 

olandese. 
Pulpit;  pulpito. 
Pulpy ;  pastoso,  polposo. 
Pulsate;  battere. 
Pulsatilla ;  fiore  di  pasqua. 
Pulsation ;  id. 
Pulse;  i.  polso.     2.  legume. 
Pulseless ;  senza  pulsazione. 
Pulverise ;  polverizzare. 
Puma  ;  id.,  v.  Cougar. 
Pumice ;  pomice. 
Pump ;     i.     pompa,    tromba ; 

Common  — ,  pompa  ordina- 

ria.     2.  cavar  1"  acqua  colla 

tromba,  pompare.    3.  tirar  su 

le  calze  a  uno.     4.  Get  a  — 

to  draw,  avviare  una  pompa. 

5.  Hand — ,  pompa  a  braccia. 

6.  Rotary  — ,  pompa  a  rota- 
zione. 

Pump-barrel ;       cilindro      di 

pompa. 
Pump-box;  Lower , gotto 

o  mortaletto  della  pompa. 
Pump-casing;  rivestimentodcl 

tubo  d'  una  pompa. 
Pump-handle ;  manovella  della 

pompa. 
Pump-hose  ;    manichetta    per 

pompa. 
Pumpernickel;  pane nero fatto 

di  segale. 

Pumpkin ;  zucca,  popone. 
Pun;   i.  bisticcio.    2.  far  giochi 

di  parole. 
Punch;   i.  pimwme,  stampino, 

stampo,  punteruolo,  caccia- 


toio,  cacciachiodo.    2.  Pulci- 

nella  ;  —  and  Judy,  i  burat- 

tini.     3.  ponce.     4.  pugno, 

colpo   di   pugno.     5.    forare 

col    punzone.      6.    dare   un 

pugno  a,  picchiare. 
Puncheon;  i.  stampo.  2.botte 

da  vino  (318  litri). 
Punchinello ;  Pulcinella. 
Punctilio ;  puntiglio. 
Punctual ;  puntuale,  esatto. 
Punctuate ;  punteggiare. 
Puncture;  i.  puntura.    2.  pun- 

gere. 

Pundit ;  dotto  indiano. 
Pungent ;  id. ,  piccante. 
Punish ;  punire. 
Punishment ;  punizione,  pena, 

penso. 
Punkah ;    ventola  sospesa  dal 

soffitto. 

Punster ;  chi  fa  giochi  di  parole. 
Punt;   i.  chiatta,  barchino,  pas- 

so,  barchetta  a  fondo  piano. 

2.  spingere  innanzi  con  una 

pertica  abbastanza  lunga  per 

toccare  il  letto  del  fiume.    3. 

nel  ginoco  del  calcio,  dare  un 

calcio  al  pal  lone,  lasciandolo 

cadere  dalle  mani,  prima  che 

tocchi  il  terreno. 
Punter;  puntatore. 
Punt-gun ;  spingardella. 
Punt-pole  ;   pertica  a  coda  di 

ferro  forcuta. 
Puny;  debole,  piccino. 
Pup ;   i.  figliare.     2.  v.  Puppy. 
Pupa;  crisalide. 
Pupil;    i.  allievo,  alunno.     ». 

pupilla. 
Pupillage ;     stato    d'    allievo, 

minorita,  alunnato. 
Puppet;  burattino. 
Puppy;   i.  cagnolino.     2.  gio- 

vane  impertinente,  vanerello, 

farfallino. 

Puppyism;  affettazione,  vanita. 
Purblind ;  mezzo  cieco. 
Purchasable;    i.  acquistabile. 

2.  venale. 
Purchase;  i.  compra,  acquisto. 

2.  calorna.     3.  comprare. 
Purchaser ;  compratore,  acqui- 

rente. 
Pure ;     puro,     mero,     illibalo, 

pretto. 

Puree ;  passata. 
Pureness ;  purezza. 
Purfle  ;    orlare  a  ricamo  o  con 

nastrino. 

Purge;  i.  purgante.  2.  purgare. 
Purify;  purificave. 
Puritan;  id. 
Purity;  purita. 
Purl;    i.  smerlatura.      2.  birra 

calda  con  droghe.     3.  smer- 

lare.    4.  far  la  calza  a  maglia 

a  volta.     5.  mormorare. 
Purlieus ;  dintorni. 
Purlin ;  corrente,  piana. 
Purling;  mormorante. 
Purloin ;  involare. 
Purple ;  purpureo. 
Purple  emperor;  specie  di  far- 

falla  (delle  ninfalidi). 
Purple  gallinule  ;  polio  sulta- 

no. 
Purple  sandpiper;  piovanello 

violetto. 
Purplish ;  porporeggiante. 

M 


xc 


PURPORT— QUID 


Purport;  i.  tenore,  sostanza, 
portata.  2.  significare,  pre- 
tendere,  avere  per  scopo, 
voler  dire. 

Purpose;  i.  mira,  scopo,  fine ; 
To  what  —  ?  a  che  fine  ? 

2.  proponimento,  intenzione. 

3.  proporsi,  avere  in  animo. 

4.  On  — ,  a  bella  posta,  ap- 
posta.     5.   To  no  — ,  inutil- 
mente,  in  pura  perdita.      6. 
Commercial  — s,  fatli  di  com- 
mercio.     7.  Speak  to  the  — , 
parlar  a  proposito.     8.   Be  at 
cross  — s,  contrariarsi  iiivo- 
lonrariamente,  esser  mutual- 
mente  malintesi. 

Purr;  far  le  fusa,  filare. 
Purse;    i.    borsa.      2.    —   up, 

raggrinzare,  corrugate. 
Purser ;  commissario. 
Purslane ;  porcacchia. 
Pursuance ;  seguito. 
Pursuant  to ;  conforme  a. 
Pursue ;     inseguiie,    seguitare, 

proseguire,  correr  dietro. 
Pursuer ;  inseguitore. 
Pursuit;    i.    inseguimento,   ri- 

cerca.     2.   impiego,  carriera, 

occupazione. 
Pursuivant ;     messaggiere    di 

Stato  o  d'  un  araldo. 
Pursy ;  bolso,  asmatico. 


Purtenances ;  frattaglie. 
Purulent;  id.,  marcio. 
Purvey ;     provvedere,    procac- 

ciare. 

Purveyor ;  provveditore. 
Purview;  limili,  circoscrizione. 
Pus;  marcia,  marciume. 
Push;   i.  spinta.     2.  spingere. 

3.  Make  a  — ,  fare  uno  sforzo. 

4.  At  a  — ,  all'  occorrente, 
al  bisoy;no.     5.   Have  plenty 
of  — ,  esser  molto  intropren- 
dente.     6.  — ed,  alle  strette; 
Hard  — ed,  a  dure  strette. 

Pushing ;  energico,  vigoroso. 

Pusillanimous;  pusillanime. 

Puss ;  micio. 

Pustule ;  pustula,  bolla. 

Put ;  mettere,  porre. 

Put  about;    i.    far  girare.     2. 

virar  di   bordo. 
Put    back;     i.    rimettere.      2. 

tornare  indietro,  poggiare. 
Put  by ;    economizzare,  fare  il 

gruzzolo. 
Put    down;     i.    deporre.      2. 

stendere,    prender    nota    di. 

3.    umiliare,  sopprimere. 
Put  forth  ;  melter  fuori. 
Put  forward ;  avanzare. 
Put  in;    i.    metier  dentro.     2. 

inserire.      3.   introdurre.     4. 

attaccare. 


Put      into      port ;       prendere 

porto. 
Put  off;   i.  spogliarsi  di,  levare. 

2.  abbandonare.      3.    rimet- 
tere, differire,  rinviare. 

Put  on;  i.  metiers!,  vestirsi 
di,  indossare.  2.  assumere. 

3.  imporre  a.     4.    attribuire 
a.     5.  avanzare. 

Put  out;  i.  metier  fuori.  2. 
scacciare,  metier  alia  porta. 
3.  spegnere.  4.  mostrare. 
5.  stendere,  allungare.  6. 
pubblicare.  7.  slogare.  8. 
imbarazzare,  incomodare,  tur- 

bare.  9.  stizzire.  10. 

to  sea,  prendere  il  mare. 

Put  to;  r.  attaccare.  2.  sug- 
gerire. 

Put  up;  i.  installare,  fissare, 
attaccare  al  muro.  2.  far  un 
pacco  di.  3.  metier  all'  in- 
canto  o  in  vendita.  4.  rivol- 
gere  (preghiera).  5.  metier 
in  slalla.  6.  aprire  (ombrel- 
lo).  7.  far  coslruire.  8.  su- 
bornare,  mellere  in  iscena. 

9.  offrirsi  (come  candidate). 

10.  alloggiare,  dare  alloggio 
a.      ii.   albergare,  arreslarsi 
a,  trovar  ricovero.     12.    de- 
porre  (cauzione).      13.    con- 
Iribuire,  metier  sulla  lavola; 


We  each  —  —  a  thousand 
francs,  si  contribul  con  mille 

lire  ognuno.  14. with. 

sopportare,  ingoiare.  15.  — 
—  job,  affare  gia  deciso,  cosa 
prestabilita,  o  gia  determi- 
nata. 

Putative ;  id. 

Putlog ;  traversa  d'  un'  impal- 
catura. 

Putrefy;  putrefare. 

Putrid  ;  id. ,  marcio. 

Putty ;  mastice,  meslura,  stucco 
all'  olio. 

Puzzle ;  i.  rompicapo,  imba- 
razzo,  enimma,  indovinello, 
pasticcio.  2.  confondere, 
imbarazzare,  rompere  il  capo 
a,  ingarbugliare,  sconcertare. 

Puzzle-headed;  con  testa  con- 
fusa,  scervellato. 

Puzzler;  pasliccione, imbarazzo 
forte,  enimma  insolubile. 

Pylorus ;  piloro. 

Pyramid;  piramide. 

Pyre  ;  pira,  rogo. 

Pyrites ;  pirite. 

Pythian  ;  pitico. 

Python ;  pitone. 

Pythoness ;  pitonessa. 

Pyx ;  pisside. 


Quack ;  i.  ciarlatano.  2.  gri- 
dare  (delle  anatre). 

Quad;  corte. 

Quadrangle,  Quadrant ;  id. 

Quadrat ;  quadrato. 

Quadratic ;  quadrato. 

Quadrature ;  id. 

Quadrennial;  quadriennale. 

Quadrilateral ;  quadrilatero. 

Quadrille;  quadriglia. 

Quadrisyllable ;  quadrisillabo. 

Quadroon ;  quarlerone. 

Quadrumanous ;  quadrumane. 

Quadruped ;  id. 

Quadruple ;  id. 

Quaff ;  tracannare. 

Quagga ;  quagga. 

Quagmire;  acquitrino. 

Quail;  i.  quaglia.  2.  sgomen- 
larsi,  impallidire. 

Quaint ;  singolare,  bizzarre, 
fantastico. 

Quake  ;  tremare,  fremere,  aver 
i  brividi. 

Quaker;  quacchero. 

Quaking-grass ;  tremolino. 

Qualified;  i.  capace,  alto. 
2.  —  man,  medico  auloriz- 
zalo,  che  ha  passalo  gli  esami 
regolari.  3.  modificato,  at- 
tenuate. 

Qualify;  i.  qualificare,  render 
atto,  abilitare.  2.  attenuare, 
limitare. 

Qualifying;  qualilicativo. 

Qualitative ;  id. 

Quality;  i.  qualita.  2.  ceto 
diilinto. 

Qualm;  i.  nausea.  2.scrupolo, 
rimorso. 

Quandary;  imbarazzo  forte. 


Quantitative ;  id. 
Quantity ;  quantita. 
Quantum  ;  sufficienza. 
Quarantine ;     i.     quarantena. 

1.  far  fare  la  quarantena  a. 
Quarantined;  in  quarantena. 
Quarrel;      i.     rissa,     disputa. 

2.  diamante     (di     vetraio). 

3.  allaccar    lile,    altercare, 
bisticciarsi,  rissare,  azzuffarsi, 
trovar    a    ridire    a.      4.    — 
aboul   nolhing,  questione  di 
lana  caprina. 

Quarreller;   letichino,  allacca- 

brighe,  litigioso. 
Quarry;   i.  cava.    2.  parte  che 

si   da  ai   cani  dopo  la   cac- 

cia.     3.   preda.     4.   scavare, 

estrarre. 
Quarrying ;     eslrazione    (dalla 

cava). 

Quarryman ;  cavapietre. 
Quart;     i.    litro    (1-136   lilri). 

2.  quarta  (al  picchetto,  nella 

scherma). 
Quartan ;  id. 
Quarter;     i.    quarto.      2.    tri- 

mestre.    3.  quartiere,  sezione. 

4.  punta  (del  compasso).     5. 
anca,    giardinetto ;     On    the 
starboard   — ,  al   giardinetto 
di,    o    all'    anca    a,    destra. 
6.  — s,  destinazione  di  bordo ; 
Beat  to  — s,  chiamata  ai  pusti 
di  combaltimento.     7.  Come 
to     close     — s,    venire    alle 
prese. 

8.  squartare.  9.  alloggiare, 
acquartierare. 

Quarter-badge ;     scoltura     di 
poppa. 


Quarter-block ;      bozzello     di 

scotta  e  di  caricabugne. 
Quarter-day ;   giorno  di   paga 

trimestrale. 

Quarter-deck;  cassero  di  pop- 
pa. 

Quarter-evil;  specie  d' antrace. 
Quarter-fast ;    ormeggio    del- 

1'  anca. 
Quarter-hatch  ;  boccaporto  di 

poppa. 

Quartering ;  squartatura. 
Quarterly ;  trimestrale. 
Quarter-master ;   quanierma- 

stro. 
Quartern  loaf;  pane  di  quatlro 

libbre. 
Quarter-sessions ;    assise   tri- 

mestrali    (con    giurisdizione 

ristretta). 
Quarter-staff;  baslone  di  com- 

battimenlo. 

Quarter-timber;  controaletta. 
Quartet ;  quartetto. 
Quarto;  in-quarto. 
Quartz ;  quarzo. 
Quash;  annullare. 
Quasi- ;     mezzo-,     finto,     con 

apparenza.     Quasi-historical, 

con  apparenza  storica. 
Quassia ;  id. 
Quaternary;  iJ. 
Quatrain ;  quadernario. 
Quaver;    i.   croma.     2.    trillo. 

3.    parlar  con  voce  tremola. 
Quavering ;  tremolo. 
Quay;  banchinn,  scalo. 
Quayage  ;  diritti  di  molo. 
Queasy;  nauseabondo. 
Queen;    i.    regina.     2.    dama. 

3.   damare. 


Queen-bee;  ape  regina. 
Queenly ;  maestoso. 
Queen-mother;  regina  madre. 
Queer;    i.    >trambo,  originale, 

sorprendente.     2.    malato. 
Quell ;  domare. 
Quench ;  spegnere. 
Quenelle;  polpetta. 
Quercitron ;  querce  nera. 
Querist;  interrogatbre. 
Quern  ;  mulinello  a  mano. 
Querulous;  querulo. 
Query;  domanda,  quesilo. 
Quest ;  ricerca,  busca. 
Question;  id.     This  is  the — , 

qui  ti  voglio. 
Questionable  ;   incerto. 
Questioner;  inlertogatore. 
Queue ;  coda. 
Quibble;     i.    bisticcio,   sotler- 

fugio.      2.    cavillare,   sofisti- 

care. 
Quick;   i.  lesto,  sollecilo,  ratio. 

i.  vivo,  carne  viva.     3.  lino, 

spiritoso,    svelto,  ncuto.     4. 

sbrigalevi !    fate  presto  ! 
Quicken ;  affrettare,  sollecilare, 

accelerare,  risvegliare. 
Quickening;    1'  animarsi  della 

creatura  nell"  utero. 
Quicklime;  calce  viva. 
Quickly;  subito  pronlamente. 
Quick-match;  accenditoio. 
Quickness ;  pronltzza,  rapidita. 
Quicksand ;  sabbia  mobile. 
Quickset  hedge;    siepe  di  pi- 
ante  \  ive,  biancospino  o  altro. 
Quicksilver;  arginlo  vivo. 
Quickwitted;  scaltro. 
Quid;   i.  cicca.     2.  (gergo)  lira 

sterlina. 


QUIDNUNC— RANGE-FINDER 


xci 


Quidnunc ;  curioso,  saccente. 

Quid  pro  quo ;  equivalente. 

Quiescence;  inazione,  quietez- 
•L, 

Quiescent ;  ill. 

Quiet;  r.  id.,  tranquillo,  calmo, 
silenzioso.  2.  dolce,  man- 
siieto.  3.  immobile.  4.  mo- 
gio.  5.  calma,  tranquillita, 
sicurezza,  riposo,  quiete.  6. 
chetare,  calmare,  far  tacere  a. 

Quietism ;  id. 

Quietus ;  colpo  mortale  o  di 
grazia. 

Quill ;  i.  penna.  2.  aculeo 
((!'  istrice). 

Quill-driver;  imbrattacarte. 

Quilt;  i.  copripiedi  impuntito, 
piumino.  2.  impimtire. 

Quince ;  mela  cotogna. 

Quince  tree  ;  melocotogno. 

Quincunx;  quinconce. 

Quinine;  chinina. 

Quinquagesima;  id. 


Quinquennial;  quinquennale. 
Quinsy;  schinanzia. 
Quint ;  quinta. 

auintain  ;  quintana. 
uintessence  ;  id. 

Quintet ;  quintette. 

Quip ;  botta,  frizzo. 

Quire;  quinterno. 

Quit ;  lasciare.  —  oneself,  v. 
Behave. 

Quite  ;  tutto,  tutt'  affatto,  bene, 
completamente,  perfettamen- 
te.  —  as  much  as  could  be 
expected,  proprio  quanto  era 
da  aspettarsi.  Pie  is  —  as 
well  as  could  be  expected, 
date  le  sue  condizioni  sta 
abbastanza  bene.  He  has 
done  it  —  as  well  as  could  be 
expected,  gli  e  riuscito  pro- 
prio com'  era  da  aspettarsi. 
He  has  got  —  as  much  as  he 
wants,  ha  tutto  cio  che  gli 
bisogna.  There  is  —  as  much 


pepper  in  it  as  salt,  C'  e 
tanto  pepe  quanto  sale.  — 
enough,  tutto  il  necessario, 
tutto  cio  che  bisognava.  — 
right,  benissimo,  giusiissimo. 
Be  —  right,  aver  ogni  ra- 
gione,  esser  giustissimo,  se- 
gnare  1'  ora  giusta.  —  dead, 
gia,  o  veramente,  morto, 
bell'  e  morto.  Be  —  a 
month  ago,  esser  compito 
gia  un  mese.  Are  you 
satisfied  ?  — ,  Siete  con- 
tento  ?  Contentissimo.  I 
don't  care  for  it  as  much 
as  I  did,  Non  mi  place  piu 
come  prima.  I  don't  care 
for  it  —  as  much  as  I  did, 
non  mi  piace  tutto  quanto 
prima. 

Quits ;     pace  !     pari,     pari     e 
patta. 

Quittance ;  id. 
uitter;  chiovardo. 


Quiver;     i.    faretra,    turcasso. 

2.    tremolare. 
Quivering;  tremito. 
Qui   vive;    Be   on  the  -     — , 

stare  all'  alerta. 
Quixotic ;  chisciottesco. 
Quiz;    i.    burlone.      2.    chi   e 

bizzarravnente     vestito.       3. 

burlare,  dar  la   baia  a,  cor- 

bellare. 

Quizzical ;  faceto. 
Quoin;   i.  cantone.     i.  cuneo. 
Quoit ;  morella,  piastrella. 
Quondam ;    gia,  d'  altre  volte 

antico. 
Quorum  ;  numero  sufficiente  o 

legale.      Form   a   — ,  essere 

in  numero. 

Quota;  id. ,  rata,  contingenle. 
Quote;     i.     citare.       2.    quo- 
tare. 

Quoth  ;  dissi,  disse,  fece  lui. 
Quotidian ;  id. 
Quotient;  quoziente. 


R 


Rabbet ;   scanalatura,   incastra- 

tura. 

Rabbi;  rabbino. 
Rabbit ;  coniglio. 
Rabbit-burrow, -hole;  covile 

di  coniglio. 

Rabbit-hutch ;  conigliera. 
Rabbit-skin;  pelle  di  coniglio. 
Rabbit-warren ;  conigliera. 
Rabble  ;  plebaglia,  popolaccio. 
Rabid;  rabbi<»». 
Rabies;  rabbia. 
Raccoon ;  procione. 
Race;  i.  corsa,  palio.     2.  razza, 

schiatta,  stirpe.     3.  correre  a 

tutta  forza,  correre  una  corsa. 

4.  far  correre  cavalli  alle  corse. 
Race-card;    programma   delle 

corse. 
Race-course ;     terreno    delle 

corse. 

Race-horse  ;  cavallo  da  corsa. 
Raceme ;  racimolo. 
Race-meeting;  corse,  concorso 

di  cavalli. 

Racer ;  corridore,  concorrente. 
Race-stand ;      iribuna      delle 

corse. 

Race-tool;  graffietto. 
Racial ;  di  razza,  di  stirpe. 
Racing;   i.   di  corsa;   — man, 

addetto    alle    corse.       2.     il 

precipitarsi  (della  macchina). 
Racing-calendar;    calendario 

delle  cor>e. 
Racing-establishment;    scu- 

deria  di  cavalli  da  corsa. 
Rack  ;  i.  cavalletto,  questione, 

corda.     2.    rastrello,   rastrel- 

liera,    piattaia.      3.    Iambic  - 

carsi    (cervello).      4.     (mar.) 

strangolare.   5. — and  pinion, 

ingranaggio,  rocchetto  a  den- 

tiera. 
Racket;    i.   racchetta.     i.  chi- 

asso,  fracasMj. 
Racket-court ;    sferisterio   per 

giocare  alle  racchette. 
Racket-maker;  fabbricante  di 

racchette. 


Racking;  torturante. 
Racking-seizing ;  legatura  in- 

crociata. 

Racking-turns;  incatenatura. 
Racy ;  risentito,  robusto. 
Raddle  ;  frascone,  chiudenda  di 

rami. 

Radial;  i,i. 
Radiance;  splendore. 
Radiant ;  iJ. 
Radiate;   i.  raggiare.     2.  rag- 

giato. 

Radiation ;  raggiamento. 
Radiator ;  calorifero  a  raggi. 
Radical;  ></. 
Radicle;  radicetta. 
Radish  ;  ravanello,  radice. 
Radius;  raggio. 
Raffle;     i.    lotteria,    riffa.      2. 

fare  una  riffa. 
Raft ;  zattera. 
Rafter ;     trave,    razza,    arcale, 

puntone,  cavalletto. 
Raftsman ;  foderatore. 
Rag ;  i.  cenci'i,  brandello, 

straccio.      2.    burlare,    dare 

la  baia  a. 
Ragamuffin  ;  ragazzaccio,  pez- 

zente,  cencioso. 
Rage;    i.    rabbia.     2.   tempes- 

tare,  andare   in   collera,   fre- 

mere. 
Ragged ;    i .    in   cenci,   lacero, 

cencioso,  rotto,  a   brandelli. 

2.    scabro,  disuguale. 
Raggedness ;  stato  lacero. 
Ragged    Robin ;    fior  del   cu- 

culio. 

Raging;  fremente,  furibondo. 
Rag-merchant ;  cenciaiolo. 
Ragout ;  intingolo,  guaz/.etto. 
Ragwort ;  erba  S.  Giacomo. 
Raid ;    razzia,    scorreria,    irru- 

zione. 

Raider;  razziatore. 
Rail;     i.     sbarra,    traversone, 

barriera.       2.     listello,    cor- 

done,  guardamano.      3.    — s, 

balaustrata.      4.   rotaia,  gui- 

da.      5.    porciglione ;    Land 


— ,  re  di  quaglie ;  Water 
— ,  gallinella.  6.  By  — , 
per  ferrovia.  7.  ingiuriare, 
scatenarsi  contro,  inveire, 
svillaneggiare. 

Railer;  maldicente. 

Railing;  i.  cancellato,  cancelli, 
parapetto,  ringhiera,  steccato. 
2.  ingiurie,  maldicenza. 

Raillery ;  canzonatura,  motteg- 
gio,  beffa,  celia,  scherzo. 

Railway ;  strada  ferrata,  fer- 
rovia. 

Raiment;  vestimento. 

Rain;  i.  pioggia,  acqua.  2. 
piovere. 

Rainbow ;  arco  baleno. 

Rainbow-tinted ;  dei  colon 
dell'  iride. 

Rain-cloud ;  nuvolo. 

Rain-gauge  ;  pluviometro. 

Rainy ;  piovoso. 

Raise;  i.  alzare,  sollevare,  far 
costruire,  innalzare,  far  sen- 
tire.  2.  allevare,  coltivare, 
produrre.  3.  procurarsi.  4. 
aumentare  (prezzo).  5.  (mil.) 
levare.  6.  suscitare,  eccitare. 
7.  esaltare.  8.  evocare,  ri- 
svegliare. 

Raisin  ;  uva  passa,  uva  secca. 

Rajah;  raia. 

Rake;  i.  rastrello.  2.  discolo, 
liberlino.  3.  (mar.)  inclina- 
zione.  4.  riavolo.  5.  ra- 
strellare.  6.  infilare.  7.  — 
in,  riunire,  raccogliere.  8.  — 
out,  spegnere  le  ceneri.  9. 
—  up,  risvegliare,  richiamare 
alia  luce. 

Rakish ;  alquanto  scostumato. 

Rally;  i.  riunione.  2.  ricu- 
pero  di  forze,  ristabilimento. 

3.  lotta,  giocando  alja  palla, 
seguito  di  colpi  fatti  alia  pal- 
la  da  una  parte  e  dall'  altra  ; 
A  good  — ,  una  bella  lotta. 

4.  riunire,  riunirsi,  ricuperare 
forze,  ricuperarsi.     5.  canzo- 
nare,  beffarc. 


Ram;  i.  montone.  2.  sperone. 
3.  Hydraulic  — ,  ariete.  4. 
abbordare  collo  sperone.  5. 
battere,  pigiare,  mazzeran- 
gare. 

Ramble;  i.  gita,  giro.  2.  gi- 
rare,  girandolare,  batter  la 
campagna. 

Rambling ;  sconnesso. 

Ramequin;  sorta  di  pasta  con 
cacio. 

Ramie  ;  ortica  da  lino  cinese. 

Ramify ;  ramirtcare. 

Rammer;  maglio,  mazzeranga, 
berta,  pestone. 

Ramp;  salita. 

Rampage  ;  fremere,  fare  il  furi- 
bondo. 

Rampant;  i.  sfrenato,  esube- 
rante.  2.  leonato. 

Rampart ;  baluardo,  bastione. 

Rampion ;  raperonzolo. 

Ramrod;  i.  bacchetta.  2.  la- 
nata. 

Ramshackle;  sciupato,  sgan- 
gherato,  malfermo,  pieno  di 
screpolature. 

Ramsons ;  aglio  orsino. 

Ranch  ;  rancio. 

Rancid ;  id. 

Rancorous;  invelenito. 

Rancour ;  rancore. 

Random  ;  a  caso,  alia  cieca. 

Ranee ;  principessa  regnante 
(d'  India). 

Range ;  i.  portata.  2.  catena 
di  monti.  3.  cucina  econo- 
mica.  4.  sfera,  estensione, 
limit!  dentro  i  quali  si  trova 
un  qualunque  animate  ;  In 
the  whole  —  of  my  experi- 
ence, nel  cerchio  piu  remoto 
delle  mie  esperienze.  5.  er- 
rare,  percorrere,  estendersi. 
6.  —  oneself,  schierarsi.  7. 
To  —  from . . .  to . . . ,  variare 
tra...e — 

Range-finder;  apparecchio  per 
scoprire  la  distanza  d'  un'  og- 
getto  sul  quale  si  deve  tirare. 

M2 


XC11 


RANGER— RECOMMIT 


Ranger ;  guardia  forestale. 

Rangership  ;  impiego  di  guar- 
dia forestale. 

Rank;  i.  rango,grado.  2.  ceto, 
classe.  3.  fila;  —  and  file, 
soldati  seniplici ;  To  reduce 
to  the  — s,  far  retrocedere  a 
soldato  semplice.  4.  stantio, 
rancido.  5.  esuberante,  ri- 
goglioso.  6.  arci- ;  Rank 
heresy,  folly,  arcieresia,  arci- 
pazzia. 

7.  —  with,  (a)  mettere 
nel  numero  di,  stimare  per, 
(f>)  stare  con,  allo  stesso  li- 
vello  di ;  A  lieutenant  in  the 
navy  — s  with  a  captain  in 
the  army,  un  tenente  di  ma- 
rina equivale  a  un  capitano 
nell'  esercito,  ha  la  stessa 
precedenza. 

Rankle ;  inasprirsi,  invelenirsi. 

Rankness;  rigoglio,esuberanza. 

Ransack;  frugare  dappertutto, 
rovistare. 

Ransom;  i.  riscatto,  prezzo  di 
riscatto,  redenzione.  2.  ri- 
scattare. 

Rant;  i.  vana  declamazione. 
2.  urlare  come  un  energu- 
meno,  smaniare. 

Ranunculus ;  ranuncolu. 

Ranz-des-vaches;  aria  di  cor- 
namusa  del  pastori  svizzeri. 

Rap;  i.  pacca,  picchiata  ;  Not 
to  care  a  — ,  infischiarsene. 
2.  picchiare,  bussare.  3.  — • 
out,  rispondere  sull'  istante, 
ribattere  bruscamente. 

Rapacious;  rapace. 

Rape;  i.  ratio,  rapimento.  2. 
ravizzone,  navone.  3.  stu- 
prare. 

Raphaelesque ;  raffaellesco. 

Raphe ;  rafe. 

Rapid;  id. 

Rapier;  stocco,  spada. 

Rapine ;  id. 

Rapparee ;  vagabondo. 

Rappee;  rape. 

Rapper;  martello. 

Rapt ;  estatico,  estasiato. 

Rapture ;  incanto,  estasi. 

Raptured;  estasiato. 

Rare;  raro,  rado. 

Raree-show;  spettacolo  ambu- 
lante. 

Rarefy ;  rarefare. 

Rascal ;  briccone,  furfante,  bir- 
bante. 

Rash;  i .  rosolia,  foco selvatico, 
eruzione.  2.  temerario,  ar- 
rischiato. 

Rasher;  fettadi  lardo  arrostita. 

Rashness;  temerita. 

Rasp;  i.  grattugia,  raspa.  2. 
raspare. 

Raspberry;  lampone. 

Rat ;  i.  topo ;  Smell  a  — ,  aver 
qualche  sospetto.  2.  Voltar 
casacca. 

Ratchet ;  cricco.  —  wheel, 
ruota  d'  arresto.  —  drill, 
trapano  a  cricco. 

Rate;  i.  proporzione,  ragione. 
2.  prezzo,  corso,  tasso,  ta- 
riffa.  3.  imposta,  tassa,  ri- 
sponsione,  canone.  4.  veloci- 
ta.  5.  First  • — ,  di  prim'  or- 
dine.  6.  At  any  — ,  in  ogni 


caso,  comunque  sia  ;  At  this 

— ,  in  questa  maniera;  Second 

— ,    di   secondo   ordine.     7. 

tassare,  apprezzare,  stimari;, 

valutare.     8.  biasimare,  rab- 

buffare. 
Rate-payer;  contribuente,cen- 

sito. 
Rather;    i.   piuttosto.     2.    al- 

quanto.      3.    —   than,    anzi 

che. 

Ratify;  ratificare. 
Rating;   i.  apprezzamento.    2. 

sgridata.     3.  grado. 
Ratio ;  ragione. 
Ration ;  razione. 
Rational ;  ragionevole. 
Rationalist ;  razionalista. 
Ratlines;  griselle. 
Rattan  cane ;  canna  d'  India. 
Ratteen;  rattina,  lana  accoto- 

nata. 
Ratten ;  usare  vie  di  fatto  per 

impedire   di    lavorare,    gua- 

stando   o   rubando   gli  stru- 

menti.     — ing,  sabottaggio. 
Ratting;  i.  caccia  ai  topi.     2. 

diserzione,    apostasia    (nella 

politica). 
Rattle;   i.  sonaglio,  raganella, 

tabella  ;    Death  — ,  rantolo. 

2.  chiacchierona.     3.  far  tin- 
tinnare,   fare  strepito,   scuo- 
tersi  con  strepito. 

Rattle-brained ;  cervello  bal- 

zano. 
Rattler;    colpo   o   altro   bello, 

ben  fatto. 
Rattlesnake  ;  serpente  a  sona- 

gli. 

Rattling ;  eccellentissimo. 
Raucous;  roco. 
Ravage;  guastare.saccheggiare, 

devastare. 
Rave ;  delirare. 
Ravel  out;  sfilare,  sfilacciarsi. 
Ravelin;  rivellino. 
Raven;  corvo. 
Ravening;  vorace. 
Ravenous ;  atfamato,  pronto  a 

mangiare  chechessisia. 
Ravine ;  borro,  burrone. 
Raving;  delirante.  —  mad, 

pazzo  da  catena. 
Ravish;    i.  estasiare.     2.  stu- 

prare. 

Ravishing ;  incantevole. 
Raw;   i.  crudo,  rozzo,  greggio, 

nuove   (truppe).      2.    scorti- 

cato;  —  place,  scorticatura. 

3.  prime  (materie). 
Ray;   i.  raggio.     2.  razza. 
Raze ;    atterrare,   spianare,    ra- 

dere  a  terra. 

Razor;  rasoio. 

Razor-back;  rorqualo. 

Razor-bill ;  pinguino. 

Re-;  ri-,  di  nuovo. 

Reach;  i.  portata,  estensione, 
potere,  capacita.  2.  tratto 
retto  d'  un  flume.  3.  arri- 
vare,  giungere,  o  pervenire, 
a.  4.  dare  in  mano.  5.  — 
after,  cercare  di  ottenere.  6. 
—  out,  porgere  la  mano. 

Reach-me-down  ;  fatto  (abi- 
to). 

React ;  reagire. 

Reaction ;  reazione. 

Reactionary;  id.,  codino. 


Read;   i.  leggere.     2.  studiare. 

3.  indovinare  (enimma). 
Readable ;  leggibile,  ameno. 
Re-address;  rindirizzare. 
Reader;  lettore. 
Readily ;  facilmente,  volontieri. 
Readiness ;    prontezza,   spedi- 

tezza,  premura. 
Reading;    i.    lettura.      2.    le- 

zione. 

Reading-desk;  leggio. 
Reading-room;  saladiletlura, 

gabbinetto  di  lettura. 
Readjust;  raggiustare. 
Readmit ;  riammettere. 
Ready ;  pronto.  -  money, 

danaro  contante.    —  to  hand, 

sot  to  mano. 
Ready-made ;  fatto. 
Ready-reckoner ;  librelto  cal- 

colatore. 

Reagent ;  reagente. 
Real;   i.  reale,  effettivo,  vero. 

v.  immobile. 
Realgar;  id. 

Realise ;  i .  realizzare.    2.  capir 
Realism ;  id. 
Reality;  realta,  verita. 

bene.     —  sufficiently,  tenere 

abbastanza  conto  di. 
Really ;    realmente,    in   verita, 

affe  mia. 
Realm ;  reame. 
Realty ;  beni  immobili. 
Ream  ;  risma. 
Reanimate ;  rianimare. 
Reap ;  mietere,  raccogliere. 
Reaper ;  mietitore. 
Reaping;  mietitura. 
Reaping-hook;  falcelto. 
Reaping-machine ;  mietitrice. 
Reappear;  ricomparire. 
Reappearance ;  ricomparsa. 
Reapply ;  riapplicare. 
Reappoint;  rinominare. 
Rear;    i.    indietro,    di   dietro, 

alia  retroguardia  ;   —  rank, 

ultima  fila.     2.  allevare.     3. 

alzare.     4.  impennarsi. 
Rear-admiral ;     contrammira- 

glio. 
Rearrange ;    metier  in  ordine 

nuovo,  dare  assetto  nuovo  a. 
Reascend;  risalire. 
Reason;  i.  cagione.   2.  ragione. 

3.  motivo.    4.  ragionare,  dis- 

correre.     5.   Bring  to  — ,  ri- 

durre  alia  ragione. 
Reasonable ;  ragionevole. 
Reasoning ;  ragionamento. 
Reassemble  ;  radunare  di  nuo- 
vo. 

Reassert;  riaffermare. 
Reassess  ;  censire  di  nuovo. 
Reassessment ;   nuovo  censi- 

mento. 

Reassign:  retrocedere. 
Reassume ;  riprendere. 
Reassure;  i.  rassicurare.  2. 

riassicurare. 

Rebaptise ;  ribattezzare. 
Rebate ;  sconto,  ribasso. 
Rebel;  i.  ribelle,  sollevato. 

2.  ribellarsi,  sollevarsi. 
Rebellion ;  ribellione. 
Rebellious ;  ribelle. 
Rebind ;  legare  di  nuovo. 
Reblossom ;  rifiorire. 
Rebound;     i.     rimbalz-o.       2. 

-are. 


Rebuff;  rifiuto sgarbato,  cattiva 
accoglienza. 

Rebuild ;  ricostruire,  rifabbri- 
care. 

Rebuke;  i.  sgridare,  ripren- 
dere. 2.  sgridata,  ripren- 
sione. 

Rebus;  id. 

Rebut ;  ributtare,  respingere. 

Recall ;  i .  richiamare,  revocare. 
2.  richiamo,  revoca. 

Recant;  disdire,  rinnegare. 

Recantation ;  palinodia. 

Recapitulate;  id.,  riepilogare. 

Recapitulation;  id.,  riepilogo. 

Recapture;  riprendere,  ricupe- 
rare. 

Recast ;  rifondere. 

Recede;  ritirarsi.indietreggiare. 

Receipt;  i.  ricevuta,  saldo. 
2.  ricevimento.  3.  ricetta. 
4.  quitanzare. 

Receipted;  saldo,  pagato. 

Receivable ;  ricevibile. 

Receive ;  ricevere,  accogliere. 

Receiver ;  i .  ricevitore.  2. 
recipiente.  3.  ricettatore  (di 
furti). 

Recension;  id. 

Recent;  id.,  nuovo. 

Receptacle ;  ricettacolo. 

Reception ;  ricevimento. 

Recess;  i.  recesso,  nicchia, 
alcova,  svano.  2.  vacanze 
parlamentari. 

Recession ;  recedimento. 

Recharge ;  ricaricare. 

Rechauffe ;  rifrittura. 

Recherche ;  ricercato. 

Recidivist ;  recidivo. 

Recipe;  ricetta. 

Recipient;  v.  Receiver. 

Reciprocal;  reciproco. 

Reciprocate ;  contraccambiare, 
rendere  la  pariglia. 

Reciprocating ;  a  moto  alterno 
(macchina). 

Recital;  racconto. 

Recite;  id.,  raccontare. 

Reck;  curarsi. 

Reckless ;  sconsiderato. 

Reckon ;  contare,  calcolare. 

Reckoning;  i.  conto.  2.  pun- 
to  ;  Work  the  — ,  calcolare 
il  punto  ;  Dead  — ,  stima ; 
Ship's  place  by  dead  - — , 
punto  stimato ;  Out  in  one's 
— ,  ingannato  nella  sua  aspet- 
tativa. 

Reclaim;  i.  riformare,  correg- 
gere  i  vizii  di.  2.  dissodare 
(terreno  diserto).  3.  metier 
a  secco  (terreno),  prosciu- 
gare. 

Recline ;  riposarsi,  appoggiarsi. 

Reclose ;  richiudere. 

Recluse ;  eremita,  solitario. 

Recognisance;  scrittura d' ob- 
bligo. 

Recognise ;  riconoscere. 

Recognition ;  riconoscimento. 

Recoil;  i.  rincul-are.  2. 
-amento.  3.  —  upon,  rica- 
dere  su. 

Recoin ;  riconiare. 

Recoinage ;  riconiatura. 

Recollect ;  v.  Remember. 

Recommence ;  ricominciare. 

Recommend ;  raccomandare. 

Recommit ;  rimandare. 


RECOMPENSE— RE-INSERTION 


XClll 


Recompense;    i.   ricompensa. 

1.  risarcire. 

Recompose ;  tranquillizzare. 
Reconcile ;    riconciliare.       Be 

— d,  rassegnarsi. 
Recondite;  id. 
Reconduct ;  ricondurre. 
Reconnaissance ;   riconoscen- 

za. 

Reconnoitre ;  riconoscere. 
Reconquer ;  riconquistare. 
Reconsider;  riconsiderare. 
Reconstruct ;  ricostruire. 
Recopy ;  ricopiare. 
Record;   i.   legistro,  rapporto, 

atto  pubhlico  registrato;  — s, 

archivi;  — office,  cancelleria; 

Keeper  of  the  — s,  archivista. 

2.  memoria,  monumento.    3. 
registrare. 

Recorder;  i.  archivista,  can- 
celliere.  2.  giudice  (con 
giurisdizione  limitata)  in  In- 
yhilterra. 

Recording  pressure  gauge; 
piezografo. 

Recount;  i.  ricontare.  2.  ve- 
rificazione. 

Recoup ;  ricuperare,  risarcire. 

Recoupment;  ricupera,  risarci- 
mento. 

Recourse  ;  ricorso.  Have  — , 
ricorrere. 

Recover ;  r.  ricuperare,  ri- 
prendere,  riparare  (perdita), 
racquistare.  2.  guarire,  ri- 
stabilirsi.  3.  ottenere  (risar- 
cimenti).  4.  ricoprire  (om- 
brello),  rilegare  (libro),  rifo- 
derare. 

Recoverable;  i.  riparabile.  2. 
da  ottenersi. 

Recreant ;  poltrone,  infido. 

Recreate;  ricreare. 

Recreation ;  divertimento,  pas- 
satempo. 

Recriminate ;  id. 

Recross ;  ritraversare. 

Recrudescence;  id. 

Recruit;   i.  reclut-a.     2.  -are. 

3.  riguadagnare  le  forze,  ri- 
mettersi  in  piedi. 

Rectangle ;  rettangolo. 
Rectify ;  i  ettificare. 
Rectilineal ;  rettilineo. 
Rectitude;  rettitudine. 
Rector;    i.    rettore.       2.    pie- 

vano. 

Rectory;  pievania. 
Rectum  ;  retlo. 
Recumbent ;  sdraiato,  corica- 

to. 

Recuperate ;  ricuperarsi. 
Recuperation ;  ricupero. 
Recur ;  ricorrere,  accadere  di 

nuovo  o  un'  altra  volla,  ri- 

tornare,  riprodursi. 
Recurrence ;     repetizione,     ri- 

tomo,  ricorrenza. 
Recurrent ;  periodico. 
Recusant ;   non-conformista. 
Red ;  rosso. 
Redaction  ;  redazione. 
Red    admiral ;     vanessa    ata- 

lanta. 

Redbreast ;  pettirosso. 
Red  cedar;  cedro  rosso  da  lapis. 
Red-coat;  vestito  rosso. 
Redden ;  arrossirc. 
Reddish ;  rossiccio. 


Redeem  ;    i.    redimere,  riscat- 

tare.      2.    riparare    (errore). 

3.  adempiere  (promessa).    4. 

affrancare,  liberare  (da  ipote- 

ca). 
Redeemable ;  rimborsabile,  re- 

dimibile. 
Redeemer,    Redeeming;   re- 

dentore.      A  —  feature,  un 

fatto  che  compensa   dei  di- 

fetti. 

Redemand ;  ridomandare. 
Redemption;    redenzione,    ri- 

scatto. 

Red-faced;  rubicondo. 
Re-direct;  v.  Re-address. 
Re-discount;  riscontare. 
Red-haired;  rosso,  dai  capelli 

rossi. 

Red-heat ;  calore  rosso. 
Red-hot;  infocato,  rovente. 
Red  Indians  ;  Pelli  rossi. 
Redintegrate;  v.  Reinstate. 
Rediscover ;  riscoprire. 
Redissolve ;  risciogliere. 
Redistribute ;  riparttre  nuova- 

mente. 

Redivide ;  ridividere. 
Red-lead;  minio. 
Red-legged   partridge ;    per- 

nice. 

Red-letter  day;  giorno festivo. 
Redness;  rossezza. 
Redolent ;  profumato,  odoroso. 
Redouble ;  raddoppiare. 
Redoubt ;  ridotta. 
Redoubtable ;  formidable. 
Redound  ;  contribuire,  aver  per 

risultato. 

Red-poll ;  fanello  gentile. 
Redraft;  redigere  di  nuovo. 
Redress;   i.  riparazione,  risar- 

cimento.     2.  rimediare,  cor- 

reggere. 
Redshank ;    albastrello,    gara- 

betta  forsca,   pettegola. 
Redstart ;  codirosso. 
Red-tape  ;    burocrazia   pedan- 

tesca. 
Reduce;  ridurre.     — d,  in  cat- 

tivo  stato.  — d  circumstances, 

strettezze.     —  to  the  ranks, 

degradare,  far  retrocedere. 
Reduction;  riduzione. 
Redundant;  ridondante,  super- 

fluo. 

Reduplicate ;  raddoppiare. 
Redwing ;  tordo  sassello. 
Re-echo;  ripetire  un  eco,  rim- 

bombare. 

Reed;  i.  canna,  sala.    2.  ancia. 
Reed-bunting;  passera  di  pa- 

dule. 

Reed-mace;  biodo da capanne. 
Reed-pipe;  tubo  a  ancia. 
Reedy;  cannoso. 
Reef;    i.  scogliera.      2.   terza- 

rolo ;    —   band,   striscia   da 

turzarolo. 

Reef-knot;  nodo  piano. 
Reef-line  ;    passerino    trasver- 

sale. 

Reef-point;  gerloperterzaroli. 
Reef-tackle ;     paranchino    di 

terzarolo. 
Reek ;  fumare. 
Reel;  i.  aspo,  guindolo,  arco- 

laio,   rocchetto.     2.  trescone 

scozzese.     3.  barcollare.     4. 

—  off,  proferire,  spacciare. 


Re-elect;  rieleggere. 
Re-embark;  imbarcarsidi nuo- 
vo. 

Re-embody ;  rincorporare. 
Re-emerge;  uscir  di  nuovo. 
Reeming-iron ;    cataraffa    ta- 

gliente. 

Re-enact;  rimetter  in  vigore. 
Re-engage;    ringaggiare,    im- 

pegnarsi  di  nuovo. 
Re-enter;  rientrare. 
Re-entry;  Card  of — ,  carta  di 

ripresa. 

Re-establish ;  ristabilire. 
Reeve  ;  passare  (manovra  in  un 

bozzello). 

Re-examine ;  riesaminare. 
Re-export ;  riesporrare. 
Refection ;  refezione. 
Refectory;  refettorio. 
Refer;   riferire,  rimettere,  rap- 

portare. 

Referee;  arbitro. 
Refine;  raffinare. 
Refined ;  colto,  gentile,  raffi- 

nato. 

Refinement ;  gentilezza. 
Refiner;  raffinatore. 
Refit;  riparare, riattare,  rimetter 

in  sesto. 

Refitting;  riattamento. 
Reflect ;  riflettere,  ripensare. 
Reflex ;  riflesso. 
Reform ;  riformare. 
Reformatory ;    casa    correzio- 

nale. 

Refract;  rifrangere. 
Refractory ;    refrattario,    reni- 

tente. 
Refrain;     i.    aria,    ritornello. 

2.  astenersi. 

Refresh ;  rinfrescare,  ricreare. 
Refresher ;     onorario     pagato 

quando  si  ricomincia  un  pro- 

cesso  che  e  stato  rimanciato. 
Refreshment ;  ristoro,  da  man- 

giare.     — s,  rinfreschi. 
Refrigerator;    camera   frigori- 

fera,  ghiacciaia. 
Reft ;  privato. 
Refuge;    i.  asilo,  rifugio.      2. 

salvagente.  . 

Refugee ;  rifugiato. 
Refulgent ;  risplendente. 
Refund ;  restituire,  rimborsare. 
Re-furnish  ;    ammobigliare  di 

nuovo. 
Refusal;  i.  rifiuto.    2.  opzione, 

diritto    di    comprare    a    un 

certo  prezzo  fino  ad  un  tempo 

fissato. 
Refuse ;    i .  scarto,  feccia,  og- 

getti  di  rifiuto.     2.  rifiutare, 

ricusare. 

Refute ;  confutare. 
Regain  ;  riguadagnare,  ricupe- 
rare, riacquistare. 
Regal;  reale. 
Regale ;    festeggiare,   dare   un 

banchetto  a,   dare   da  man- 

giare. 

Regalia ;  insegne  reali. 
Regally ;  da  re. 
Regard;   i.  riguardo,  rispetto. 

2.    cura.      3.    amicizia.      4. 

In  —  to,  per  quanto  riguarda, 

riguardante;   Out  of  —  for, 

per  riguardo  a ;   My  kindest 

— s  to,  mi'le  compliment!  a, 

tance   belle    cose    a ;    With 


kind  — s,  con  perfetta  os- 
servanza,  con  tutta  stima, 
con  la  maggior  considera- 
zione. 

5.  riguardare,  considerare. 
6.  toccare,  spettare  a.  7. 
rispettare,  badare  a. 

Regardful;  attentive. 

Regarding ;  riguardante. 

Regardless;  senza  cura,  non- 
curante,  indifferente,  senza 
riguardo. 

Regatta;  regata. 

Regen-cy,  -t ;  reggen-za,  -te. 

Regenerate ;  rigenerare. 

Regicide;   i.regicid-a.     2. -io. 

Regild;  ridorare. 

Regime ;  id. 

Regimen  ;  regime,  dieta. 

Regiment ;  reggimento. 

Regimentals;  divisa.  In  full 
— ,  in  alta  divisa. 

Region;  id. 

Register;  i.  registro.  2.  lista 
elettorale.  3.  valvola,  piastra 
(di  stufa).  4.  registrare.  5. 
— ed  debenture,  obbligazione 
nominativa ;  — ed  letter,  let- 
tera  raccomandata. 

Registrar;  attuario. 

Registrarship ;  attuariato. 

Registration ;  id. 

Registry-office;  ufficio  dello 
stato  civile. 

Reglet;  i.  regoletto.  2.  lis- 
tello. 

Regnant;  id. 

Regressive;  id. 

Regret;  i.  rammarico,  rincre- 
scimento.  2.  rincrescersi. 

Regretful;  compunto. 

Regrettable ;  rincrescevole. 

Regular ;  regolare,  vero,  in 
regola,  matricolato. 

Regulation ;  regolamento. 

Regulator ;  regolatore,  registro, 
ago  d'  accelerazione  e  di 
ritardo. 

Regurgitate ;  rigurgitare. 

Regurgitation ;  rigurgito. 

Rehabilitate ;  riabilitare. 

Rehash;  rifritto. 

Rehear;  rigiudicare. 

Rehearing ;  seconda  udizione. 

Rehearsal;  prova. 

Rehearse ;  far  la  prova. 

Re-horse  ;  rifornire  di  cavalli. 

Reign;   i.  regn-o.     2.  -are. 

Reimburse  ;  rimborsare. 

Re-import ;  importare  di  nuo- 
vo. 

Reimpose ;  imporre  di  nuovo. 

Re-imprison ;  rimetter  in  pri- 
gione. 

Rein;  i.  guida,  redine.  2.  — 
in,  —  up,  trattenere,  raffre- 
nare. 

Reincarnate ;  rincarnato. 

Re-incorporate;  rincorporare. 

Reindeer;  renna,  tarando. 

Reindeer  moss ;  musco  da  ta- 
rando. 

Reinforce ;  rinforzare. 

Reinforcement;  rinforzo. 

Re-ingratiate;  rimetter  in  fa- 
vore. 

Re-inoculate ;  inoculare  di  nu- 
ovo. 

Re-insert;  inserire  di  nuovo. 

Re-insertion;  nuova  inserzione. 


XC1V 


RE-INSTALL—REPROVE 


Re-install;   rinsediare,  ristabi- 

lire. 
Reinstate ;    ristabilire,    rimet- 

tere  nel  suo  posto,  rimetter 

come  prima,  reintegrate. 
Reinstatement ;    ristabilimen- 

to. 

Re-insure;  riassicurare. 
Reinter;  riseppellire. 
Re-interrogate ;  riesaminare. 
Re-introduce ;    introdurre    di 

nuovo. 
Re-invest;    ricollocare,   rinve- 

stire. 

Re -invigorate;  rinvigorire. 
Reinvite ;  rinvitare. 
Re-issue;   i.  nuova  emissione. 

2.  emettere  di  nuovo.     3.  ri- 

pubblicare,  ristampare. 
Reiterate;  id. 
Reject ;  rigettare. 
Rejection;  rifiuto. 
Rejoice;  rallegrarsi. 
Rejoicing ;  allegrezza,  giubila- 

zione.     — s,  feste. 
Rejoin ;    i.    riunire.     2.    ritor- 

nare   a.      3.    rispondere,   re- 

plicare. 

Rejoinder;  risposta,  replica. 
Rejudge;  rigiudicare. 
Rejuvenate ;  far  ringiovanire. 
Rejuvenescence  ;    if  ringiova- 
nire. 

Rekindle ;  riaccendere. 
Relapse;    i.    ricaduta.     2.    re- 

cidiva.    3.  ricadere ;  To  have 

a  — ,  avere  una  ricaduta. 
Relate;     i.    speltare,    riferire, 

aver   rapporto.      2.    raccon- 

tare. 
Related;    i.    in  rapporto.     2. 

congiunto,  consanguineo. 
Relation;   i.  rapporto.     i.  re- 

lazione,  racconto.     3.  paren- 

te,  congiunto. 
Relationship ;  parentela. 
Relative;  id. 
Relax ;      allentare,      rilasciare, 

mitigare,  rilassare. 
Relaxation;    i.  v.  Relax,     i. 

ricreazione,  divertimento. 
Relaxing ;    snervante,    ammol- 

liente. 
Relay;    i.    cavallo   o   altro   di 

ricambio.      2.    (elettr.)    soc- 

corritore.    3.  ricollocare,  po- 

sare  di  nuovo. 
Release ;     rilasciare,    liberare, 

esentare. 
Relegate;  id. 
Re-lend ;  dare  in  prestito  a  dei 

terzi. 
Relent ;     intenerirsi,     amman- 

sarsi,  piegarsi,  cedere. 
Re-let ;  riarrittare. 
Relevance;  relazione,  rapporto. 
Relevant ;   acconcio,  a  propo- 

sito. 

Reliable  ;  degno  di  fiducia. 
Reliance  ;  fede,  liducia. 
Relic;   i.  avanzo,  resto.     2.  re- 

liquia. 

Relict;  vedova. 
Relief;    i.    sollievo,  alleggeri- 

mento,  alleviamento.    2.  sac- 

corso,  sussidio,  sovvenzione, 

aiuto.    3.  rilievo.    4.  cambio 

di   guardia.      5.    Bring   into 

— ,  dar  risalto  a. 
Relievable ;  soccorribile. 


Relieve;    i.    soccorrere,  alleg- 

gerire,     alleviare,     mitigare, 

addolcire.       2.     rilevare    (la 

guardia).     3.  dispcnsare  (da). 

4.  —  of  duties,  destituire. 
Relieving-officer ;     impiegato 

della  beneficenza  pubblica. 
Relieving-tackle;    palanco  di 

ritenuta. 

Re-light ;  riaccendere. 
Religion;  id. 
Religious;  devoto,  pio. 
Religiously ;     con    religiosita. 

Most  — ,  appuntissimamente. 
Religiousness;  religiosita. 
Relinquish ;  abbandonare. 
Reliquary;  id. 
Relish ;   i .  buon  gusto,  diletto. 

2.  condimento.     3.  mangiare 

con  gusto  ;  I  do  not  — ,  non 

mi  garba. 

Re-load  ;  ricaricare. 
Reluctant ;  riluttante. 
Rely  on ;  far  assegnamento  su, 

rimettersi  in. 
Remain  ;    restare,   stare,  rima- 

nere,  avanzare.     That  — s  to 

be  seen,  cio  e  ancora  da  ve- 

dere. 

Remainder;  resto. 
Remains;     i.     resto,    avanzo. 

2.spoglie.     3.  vestigi,  tracce. 
Re-make ;  rifare. 
Remand ;  rinvi.ire. 
Remark;   i.  osservazione,  nota. 

2.  osservare. 

Remarkable  ;  rimarchevole. 
Remarkably;  notevolmente. 
Re-marriage ;  seconde  nozze. 
Re-marry;  rimaritare. 
Remedial ;  riparatore. 
Remedy;   i.  rimedi-o.    2.  -are. 
Remember;   i.  ricordarsi,  ram- 

mentarsi.     2.  —  me  to  him, 

salutatelo  da  mia  parte. 
Remembrance ;  rimembranza, 

ricordo. 
Remembrancer;  uffizialefinan- 

ziario  a  Londra. 
Remind ;    rammentare,   richia- 

mare  alia  memoria,  ramme- 

morare. 

Rerftinder ;  svegliarino. 
Reminiscence ;  id. 
Remiss ;  trascurato. 
Remission ;    riduzione  (di  pe- 

na),     remissione.       Without 

— ,  senza  rilasciamento. 
Remit;   i.  consegnare,  fare  una 

rimessa.     2.  condonare. 
Remittance ;  rimessa. 
Remnant ;     i.    resto,    avanzo. 

2.    scampolo. 
Re-model;  rimodellare. 
Remonstrance  ;  rimostranza. 
Remonstrate ;  rimostrare. 
Remorse ;  rimorso. 
Remorseful ;  pieno  di  rimorsi, 

assai  penitente. 
Remorsefully;  con  rimorso. 
Remorseless ;  spietato. 
Remote ;  rimoto,  lontano. 
Remount;    i.  rimonta.     2.  ri- 

montare,  risalire.     3.    prov- 

vedere  con  dei  nuovi  cavalli. 
Removable ;  amovibile. 
Removal ;     trasporto,    sposta- 

mento,  rimovimento. 
Remove;     i.    distanza,    inter - 

vallo.      2.    grado   di   paren- 


tela.    3.    classe  (in  iscuola). 

4.  promozione   (in    iscuola). 

5.  levare,  toglier  via,  sgom- 
berare,    spostare,     sottrarre, 
abolire,  estirpare,  rimuovere, 
fare  sparire. 

Remunerate ;  rimunerare. 
Renaissance ;  rinascimento. 
Renal;  id. 
Re-name;     ribattezzare,    dare 

altro  nome  a. 
Rend ;  straziare,  lacerare,  spac- 

care,  spezzare. 
Render;    i.    rendere.      2.    rin- 

zaffare. 
Rendering;   i.  traduzione.     2. 

rinzaffatura. 
Rendez-vous ;    convegno,    ri- 

trovo,  appuntamento. 
Renegade;  rinnegato. 
Renew ;     rinnovare,     rimoder- 

nare,  ravvivare,  rifare. 
Renewal ;  rinnovazione. 
Reniform ;  id. 
Rennet ;  presame,  caglio. 
Renounce ;  rinunziare. 
Renovate ;    rinnovare,    ringio- 
vanire. 

Renown ;  rinomanza. 
Renowned ;  rinomato. 
Rent;    i.   pigione,  fitto,  affitto. 

2.  st(uarcio,  stracciatura.    3. 

dare,  o  prendere,  in  affitto, 

appigionare. 

Rental ;  rendita  fondiaria. 
Rent-book;    libretto  contabile 

della  pigione. 
Rent-collector;  esattore  delle 

pigioni. 

Rent  free  ;  libero  da  affitto. 
Rentier;  v.  Fundholder. 
Rent-roll;  ruolo  delle  rendite. 
Renumber;    metier  dei  nuovi 

numeri  a. 

Renunciation ;  rinunzia. 
Reoccupy;  rioccupare. 
Reopen ;  riaprire. 
Reorganise ;  riorganizzare. 
Rep ;  rensa. 

Re-pack;  imballar  di  nuovo. 
Re-paint ;  ridipingere. 
Repair;     i.    raccomodare,    ri- 

parare.     2.  trasferirsi.     3.  In 

Ixid,    good,    — ,    in    cattivo, 

buono,    stato ;    Beyond    — , 

(a)    irreparabile,    (f>)    troppo 

rotto  per  riparare.    4.  Under 

— ,  in  riparazione. 
Repairing  lease;    affitto  dove 

il  locatario  s'  incarica  delle 

riparazioni. 

Repartee ;  risposta  frizzante. 
Re-pass;  ripassare. 
Repast ;  pasto,  banchetto. 
Re-patriate  ;  far  rimpatriare. 
Repave  ;  rifare  il  lastrico. 
Repay ;    rimborsare,  ricompen- 

sare,  rendere. 
Repayment ;  rimborso. 
Repeal ;  abrogare,  rivocare. 
Repealer;  partigiano  dell' abro- 

gazione  dell'  unione. 
Repeat ;  ripetere,  ridire. 
Repeatedly ;  spesse  volte. 
Repeater;  oriuolo  a  ripetizione. 
Repel ;  respingere,  repellere. 
Repellent;  id. 
Repent ;  pentirsi. 
Repentant ;  compunto. 
Re-people ;  ripopolare. 


Repertory ;  id. 
Re-peruse ;  rileggere. 
Repetition;    ripetizione,  reite- 

razione,  recitazione. 
Repine ;  querelarsi. 
Repiner ;  mormoratore. 
Repining;  mormorio. 
Replace;   i.  rimettere.     2.  sur- 

rogare.     3.  riparare,  provve- 

dere  1'  uguale  di  cio  che  e 

perduto,  fornirne  un  altro. 
Replacement;   i.  il  rimettere. 

2.   rimpiazzamento. 
Re-plait;  intrecciare  di  nuovo. 
Re-plant ;  ripiantare. 
Re  -  plaster ;     rintonacare     di 

gesso. 

Replenish ;  riempire. 
Replete;    id.,  pieno  zeppo,  ri- 

empito. 

Repletion ;  ripienezza. 
Replevin ;    decreto  per  levare 

un  sequestro. 
Replica ;  id. 
Re-plunge;  rituffare. 
Reply;    i.    risposta.     2.    repli- 

care,  obiettare,  rispondere. 
Reply  card;    cartolina  con  ri- 
sposta. 
Re-polish ;    levigare  o  forbire 

di  novo,  ricorreggere. 
Re-populate;  ripopolare. 
Report;   i.  rapporto,  relazione, 

resoconto,  processo  verbale. 

2.   rumore,  strepito,  detona- 

zione,  scoppio.     3.   voce,  di- 

cesi.     4.  fama.     5.  — s,  rac- 

colta  di   sentenze.     6.    Idle 

— s,  chiacchiere. 

7.  rappuriare,  riferire,  rag- 

guagliare,  raccontare,  fare  un 

rapporto. 
Reporter;  i.relatore.   2.  steno- 

grafo.     3.  cronista. 
Repose;   i.  riposo,  tranquillita. 

2.  riporre.     3.  coricarsi.     4. 
-   confidence   in,  or  upon, 

riposarsi  su,  fidarsi  di. 
Repository;   i.  deposito,  ripo- 

stiglio.     2.  scuderia. 
Re-possess  oneself;  rientrare 

in  possesso  (di). 
Re-pot ;  rinvasare,  svasare. 
Repousse    work ;     lavoro    di 

rilievo  fatto  col  piombetto. 
Reprehend ;  lavare  il  capo  a. 
Reprehensible ;  biasimevole. 
Reprehension ;  riprensione. 
Represent ;  rappresentare. 
Representative;   i.  rappresen- 

tante.     2.  deputato. 
Repress;  reprimere. 
Repress-ion,  -ive ;  id. 
Reprieve  ;     i.    dilazione.       2. 

accordare  una  dilazione  a. 
Reprimand ;     i.     riprensione, 

sgridata.    2.  riprendere,  sgri- 

dare. 
Reprint ;      i.     ristamp-a.       2. 

-are. 

Reprisals ;  rappresaglie. 
Reproach;   i.  rimprovero,  bia- 

simo.     2.  rimproverare,  rin- 

facciare. 

Reprobate;  reprobo. 
Reprobation ;  riprovazione. 
Reproduce ;  riprodurre. 
Reproducible ;  id. 
Reproof;  riprensione. 
Reprove;  riprendere. 


REPTILE— REVELATION 


xcv 


Reptile;  rettile. 
Republic;  repubblica. 
Republish ;  ripuhblicare. 
Repudiate;  ripudiare. 
Repugnance ;  ripugnanza. 
Repulse;   i.  ripuls-a.     2.  -are. 
Repulsion ;  ripulsione. 
Re-purchase;  ricomprare. 
Reputable  ;    onorevole,  stima- 

bile. 

Reputation;  riputazione,  fama. 
Reputed ;  supposto. 
Reputedly;  secondo  la  comune 

opinione. 
Request;   i.  richiesta,  preghie- 

ra.     2.  In  — ,  in  voga,  molto 

richiesto.     3.  richieciere,  pre- 

gare,  invitare. 
Requiem ;  id. 
Require ;     i.    richiedere.       i. 

volere,  esigere.     3.  aver  bi- 

sogno.    4.  Be — d,occorrere, 

esser  necessario,  esser  d'  uopo, 

mancare. 
Requirement;   i.  bisogno.     2. 

condizione  voluta. 
Requisite;  iJ.,  necessario,  fab- 

bisogno,  occorrente. 
Requisition;   i.  id.,  domanda 

di  diritto,  richiesta.    2.  pren- 

dere  per  forza,  far  contribu- 

zioni  forzate,  requisire. 
Requital ;  ricompensa. 
Requite ;     ricompensare,    con- 

traccambiare,  rendere  la  pa- 

riglia  a. 

Reredos ;  dossale. 
Re-sale ;  rivendita. 
Rescind ;  id. 
Rescript ;  rescritto. 
Rescue;    i.    riscossa,   scampo, 

soccorso,   liberazione,   salva- 

taggio.     2.  salvare,  liberare, 

scam  pare. 
Rescuer ;    lilwratore,   soccorri- 

tore. 

Re-seal ;  risuggellare. 
Research ;  ricerca. 
Reseat;  i.  riporre  a  sedere.    2. 

rimettere  un  fondo  a  (sedia, 

calzoni). 

Resection ;  resezione. 
Re-sell;  rivendere. 
Resemble ;  rassomigliare. 
Resent ;  risentirsi,  offenders!  di, 

vendicarsi  di,  pigliare  in  mala 

parte. 
Resentful ;    ofieso,    sdegnoso, 

risentito. 

Resentment ;  risentimeuto. 
Reservation  ;    riserva,    restri- 

zione,    eccezione,     territorio 

riscrvato. 
Reserve;     i.    riserva,    riserbo. 

2.   riservare. 
Reserved;  contegnoso.    Be — , 

stare  in  contegno. 
Reservist ;    soldato    della    ri- 
serva. 
Reservoir;  cisterna,  serbatoio, 

vivaio,  pescaia,  recipiente. 
Re-set;    i.   incastonare  di  nuo- 

vo.     J.  ricomporre. 
Resettle ;     i.     ristabilire.      2. 

costituire     nuovamente,     v. 

Settle. 
Reship  ;   i.  rimbarcare.     2.  far 

ritrasportare  per  mare. 
Reside  ;   abitare,  dimorare,  ri- 

siedere. 


Residen-ce,  -cy;  residenza. 
Resident;   i.  id.,  abitante.     2. 

interne. 
Residential;  residenziale.   The 

—  quarter  of  the  town,   la 

parte  d'  abitazione  signorile 

delta  citta. 

Residual ;  restante,  che  resta. 
Residuary  legatee ;  erede  uni- 

versale. 
Residu-e,   -um ;   residue,   re- 

sto. 
Resign;   i.  dare  la  sua  dimis- 

sione,  rinunciare  a,  abbando- 

nare.     2.   rassegnare. 
Resignation;  i .  rassegnazione. 

2.  dimissione. 
Resigned;    i.   rassegnato.      2. 

dimissionario. 

Resignedly ;  con  tono  di  ras- 
segnazione. 

Resilient ;  elastico. 

Resilver;  ristagnare. 

Resin ;  ragia,  resina. 

Resinous;  resinoso. 

Resist ;  id. 

Resolute ;  risoluto. 

Resolution;  i.  risoluzione,  de- 
liberazione.  2.  risolutezza. 

3.  scioglimento,  decomposi- 
zione. 

Resolvable;   i.  risolvibile.     2. 

solubile. 
Resolve;     i.    determinazione. 

1.  risolversi,   deciders!,   de- 
liberare.    3.  sciogliere,  scom- 
porre.     4.  —  itself,  rivenire, 
ridursi  (a).     5.  —  itself  into 
committee,  costituirsi  in   co- 
mitato. 

.Resonant ;  risonante. 

Resorption ;  riassorbimento. 

Resort;  r.  convegno,  luogo 
freqaentato.  2.  ricorso.  3. 
In  the  last  — ,  ultimamente, 
per  ultima  risorsa.  4.  fre- 
quentare,  bazzicare.  5.  aver 
ricorso,  recarsi,  ricorrere. 

Resound ;  risonare. 

Resource;  risorsa,  mezzo,  espe- 
diente. 

Resourceful ;  pieno  di  espe- 
dienti. 

Resow;  riseminare. 

Respect;   i.  rispetto,  riguardo. 

2.  considerazione.      3.    rap- 
porto  ;   In  no  — ,  sotto  nessun 
rapporto.     4.    rispettare,   ri- 
verire,    portar    rispetto.      5. 
spettare,     riguardare,      aver 
rapporto  a. 

Respectable ;  rispettabile,  rag- 
guardevole. 

Respectably ;  decentemente, 
passabilmente. 

Respecter ;  cht  riguarda. 

Respectful ;  rispettoso,  som- 
messo. 

Respecting;  spettante,  riguar- 
do a. 

Respective ;  rispettivo. 

Respire ;  »'</. 

Respite;  i.  indugio,  dilazione. 
2.  accordare  dilazione  a. 

Resplendent ;  risplendente. 

Respond ;  rispondere. 

Respondent ;  convenuto. 

Response  ;  risposta. 

Responsible ;  responsabile. 

Responsive ;  id. 


Rest;  i.  riposo;  At  — ,  tran- 
quillo.  2.  resto;  For  the 
— ,  del  resto.  3.  appoggio, 
sostegno.  4.  ponticino.  5. 
(mus.)  pausa.  6.  resta  (di 
lancia).  7.  (com.}  fondi  di 
riserva.  8.  Among  the  — , 
fra  le  altre  cose. 

9.  riposare,  dar  del  riposo 
a.  10.  appoggiare,  appog- 
giarsi.  1 1.  riporre  (speran/.e). 
12.  It — s  with  him  to  decide, 
spetta  a  lui  il  decidere. 

Re-state;  riesporre,  dichiarare 
di  nuovo. 

Restaurant ;  ristorante,  trat- 
toria. 

Restful ;  che  da  riposo. 

Rest-harrow ;  arresta-bue. 

Restitution ;  id. 

Restive ;  restio,  ritroso. 

Restiveness ;  1'  esser  restio. 

Restless ;  inquieto,  agitato, 
poco  tranquillo. 

Re-stock ;  rifornire,  ripopolare 
di  pesci  o  altro. 

Restoration;  i.  restauro.  2. 
ristabilimento.  3.  restitu- 
zione. 

Restorative;  id. 

Restore  ;  ristorare,  ristaurare, 
ristabilire,  far  tornare,  rimet- 
tere (in  grazia),  richiamare  (a 
vita),  rinnovare. 

Restrain;  raffrenare,  reprimere, 
ritenere. 

Restraint;  i.  costringimento. 
2.  impedimento,  impaccio, 
soggezione,  proibizione.  3. 
Under  — ,  sotto  vigilanza. 

Restrict;  restringere,  limitare. 

Result;  i.  risultato,  esito.  2. 
risultare,  derivare,  seguire. 

Resume ;  riassumere,  ripigli- 
are. 

Resume  ;  sunto,  epilogo. 

Resumption;  ricominciamento, 
ripigliamento. 

Resurrection ;  risurrezione. 

Resurrectionist ;  ladro  di  ca- 
daveri. 

Resurvey;  i.  rimisurare.  2. 
nuova  misurazione. 

Resuscitate ;  risuscitare. 

Ret ;  macerare  (lino). 

Retail;  i.  al  minuto.  2.  ven- 
dere  al  minuto,  spacciare. 

Retailer  ;  venditore  al  minuto. 

Retain ;  retincre,  conservare. 

Retainer;  i.  servo,  domestico. 
2.  onorario  anticipate. 

Retaining;  di  sostegno. 

Retake ;  riprendere,  ripigliare. 

Retaking;  ripresa. 

Retaliate;  vendicarsi,  rendere 
la  pariglia. 

Retaliation ;  contraccambio. 

Retaliatory;  di  rappresaglia. 

Retard ;  ritardare. 

Retch  ;  recere. 

Re-tell;  ridire. 

Retention;  id.,  custodia. 

Retentive ;  ritenente,  tenace. 

Reticence ;  id. 

Reticent ;  riservato. 

Reticulated ;  reticolato. 

Reticule;  borsetta. 

Retiform;  id. 

Retina;  id. 

Retinue;  corteo,  corteggio. 


Retire ;  ritirarsi.    — d.giubilato. 
Retirement;   i.  ritiratezza,  ri- 

tiro.     i.  giubilazione. 
Retiring ;    modesto,   riservato, 

schivo. 
Retort;   i.  storta.     2.  risposta 

per  le  rime.     3.    rispondere 

acremente,  ribattere,  dar  pan 

per  focaccia. 
Re-toss ;  rigettare. 
Re -touch;  ritoccare. 
Retrace ;     ritracciare,     tornare 

sopra. 
Retract;    i.    ritrattare,   ridirsi, 

disdirsi.     2.   rattrarre. 
Retractation ;  ritrattazione. 
Retraction;    stato  rattratto,  il 

rattrarre. 

Retraverse ;  ritraversare. 
Retreat;   i.  ritirata.     2.  ritiro. 

3.  ritirarsi. 
Retreating;   fuggente  (mento), 

depressa  (fronte). 
Retrench ;  economizzare. 
Retrenchment ;   risparmio,  ri- 

stringimento  delle  spese. 
Retribution;    r.   id.,  mercede. 

2.   castigo. 

Retributive ;  vendicatore. 
Retrieve;    i.    riparare,  ricupe- 

rare,  riguadagnare,  ripescare. 

2.   riportare,  raccogliere. 
Retriever;    specie  di  cane  per 

raccogliere     la     caccia,     re- 
triever. 

Retroactive ;  retroattivo. 
Retrocede ;  retrogradare. 
Retrograde ;  id. 
Retrospect ;    colpo   d'   occhio 

retrospettivo. 
Retrospection ;    attenzione   al 

passato. 

Retrospective ;  id. 
Retroversion ;  id. 
Retrovert ;  tornare  indietro. 
Retting ;  macerazione. 
Return;    i.  ritorno.      2.  resti- 

tuzione.     3.  rinvio,  rimessa. 

4.  rimborso.       5.    contrac- 
cambio.      6.    risposta.       7. 
resoconto,  rapporto.     8.  frut- 
to,   prodotto.      9.    elezione. 
10.   rientrata  (a  casa). 

il.  tornare  indietro,  ritor- 
nare,  rivenire.  u.  resti- 
tuire,  rimandare,  rinviare. 
13.  replicare.  14.  riportare. 

15.  fare  (rapporto,  risposta). 

1 6.  eleggere  (deputato).    17. 
rientrare. 

Returnable ;  di  rimando. 
Returned  letter  office;  uffizio 

delle  lettere  con  destinatario 

introvabile. 

Returning;  che  riviene. 
Returning-officer ;   impiegato 

soprastante  alle  elezioni. 
Return-ticket;  biglietto  d' an- 

data  e  ritorno. 
Reunion  ;  riunione. 
Reunite;  riunire. 
Revalue;    far    un'    altra   (una 

nuova)  slima  di. 
Revarnish ;  rinverniciare. 
Reveal;  rivelare. 
R6veill6 ;  diana,  sveglia. 
Revel;    i.  festa,   baldoria.     2. 

deliziarsi,   gozzovigliare,    fe- 

steggiare. 
Revelation ;  riveUzione. 


XCV1 


REVELRY— RISING 


Revelry ;  allegrezza,  giubilo, 
baldoria. 

Revenge;  i.  vendetta.  2.  ri- 
vincita.  3.  vendicarsi,  ren- 
der pan  per  focaccia,  render 
la  pariglia. 

Revengeful ;  vendicativo. 

Reveng-er,  -ing;  vendicatore. 

Revenue  ;  entrata,  reddita,  cen- 
se, rendita  (dello  State). 

Revenue-cutter;  barca  doga- 
niera. 

Revenue -officer ;  doganiere. 

Reverberate ;  riverbeiare. 

Reverberatory ;  riverberante. 

Revere ;  riverire. 

Reverend ;  id. 

Reverent,  -ial;  id. 

Reverie  ;  vaneggiamento,  fan- 
tasticheria,  pensieri  vaga- 
bond!. 

Reversal ;  annullamento,  cam- 
biamento,  rovesciamento,  in- 
versione. 

Reverse;  i.  rovescio.  2. 
sconfitta.  3.  annullare,  ro- 
vesciare,  scompigliare,  scom- 
bussolare.  4.  invertire,  cam- 
biare  la  marcia  (d'  una 
macchina).  5.  fare  un 
"renverse"  (ballando).  6. 
invertito,  opposto,  contrario. 

Reversible;  i.  invertibile,  che 
si  puo  invertire  o  rovesciare. 
2.  (stoffa)  a  due  dritti. 

Reversing-engine ;  asse  del 
cambiamento  di  marcia. 

Reversing-gear ;  meccanismo 
d'  inversione. 

Reversing-lever ;  leva  d'  in- 
versione. 

Reversion;  i.  riversione.  2. 
ritorno  atavico.  3.  (leg.) 
specie  di  riversibilita. 

Reversionary  ;  riversibile. 

Reversioner ;  persona  investita 
di  un  diritto  di  riversione. 

Reversive  ;  che  scombussola, 
che  inverte. 

Revert ;  rivenire,  ritornare. 

Reverting ;  riversibile. 

Revetment ;  rivestimento. 

Re-victual;  rifornire  di  viveri. 

Review;  i.  rivista.  2.  reso- 
conto,  critica.  3.  rivedere, 
criticare,  render  conto  di. 
4.  passare  in  rivista. 

Reviewer ;  critico. 

Revile ;  ingiuriare,  maledire. 

Revisal ;  revisione. 

Revise;  i.  seconda  bozza; 
Second  — ,  terza  bozza.  2. 
correggere. 

Reviser;  id.,  riveditore. 

Revising-barrister ;  verifica- 
tore  delle  liste  elettorali. 

Revision ;  i.  id.  2.  verifica- 
zione. 

Revisit;   i.   rivisit-a.     2.  -are. 

Revival ;  ravvivamento,  risorgi- 
mento,  risveglio  religiose. 

Revivalist ;  predicatore  errante. 

Revive;  i.  ravvivarsi.  2.  rav- 
vivare,  rinfrescare.richiamare 
alia  vita.  3.  far  rinascere. 

Revocation;  revoca. 

Revoke ;  revocare. 

Revolt ;  i.  sollevazione.  2. 
ribellarsi,  rivoltarsi. 

Revolted;  sollevato. 


Revolting;  i.  ributtante.  2. 
stomacoso.  3.  in  solleva- 
zione. 

Revolution ;  rivoluzione. 

Revolutionise  ;  rivoluzionare, 
rivolgere. 

Revolve;  i.  girate  su  se  stesso, 
ruotare,  girarsi.  2.  rivol- 
gere. 

Revolver ;  id.,  rivoltella.  — 
shot,  revolverata. 

Revolving ;  girante,  a  rota- 
zione.  —  light,  fanale  a 
luce  girevole. 

Revulsion;  i.  ;'(/.  2.  —  of 
feeling,  cambiamento  com- 
plete delle  opinioni. 

Reward;  i.  ricompensa,  pre- 
mio,  contraccambio.  2.  ri- 
compensare,  premiare. 

Re-weigh;  ripesare. 

Re-word ;  dire  con  altre  pa- 
role. 

Re-write  ;  riscrivere. 

Reynard  ;  la  volpe. 

Rhapsody ;  rapsodia. 

Rhenish  ;  del  Reno. 

Rheostat ;  reostato. 

Rhesus ;  specie  di  scimmia  in- 
diana. 

Rhetoric ;  rettorica. 

Rhetorician ;  retore. 

Rheum  ;  reuma. 

Rheumatic ;     reumatico. 
fever,  reumatismo  acuto. 

Rhino  ;  gergo  per  quattrini. 

Rhinoceros ;  rinoceronte. 

Rhizome ;  rizoma. 

Rhododendron ;  rododendro. 

Rhomb ;  rombo. 

Rhoncus ;  rantolo. 

Rhubarb  ;  rabarbaro. 

Rhumb ;  rombo,  quarta. 

Rhus ;  rus. 

Rhyme;  rima. 

Rhythm ;  ritmo. 

Rib ;  costola. 

Ribald ;  id.,  scurrile. 

Ribbed ;  vergato,  fatto  a  co- 
stole. 

Ribbon ;  nastro. 

Ribbon-grass  ;  erba  nastro. 

Ribes ;  ribes  sanguigno. 

Ribwort ;  piantaggine  lancifo- 
glia. 

Rice  ;  rise.     —  field,  risaia. 

Rice-paper;  carta  cinese. 

Rich;  i.  ricco.  J.  saporito. 
3.  delizioso  (scherzo).  4. 
ubertoso,  grasso. 

Riches ;  ricchezze. 

Richness ;  ricchezza,  grassezza. 

Rick ;  pagliaio,  catasta. 

Rickets;  rachitide. 

Rickety;  i.  malfermo,  poco 
stabile.  2.  rachitico. 

Ricochet;  rimbalzo. 

Rid ;  disfare,  liberare,  sbaraz- 
zare,  levar  d'  attorno. 

Riddance ;  sgombramento. 

Riddle;  i.  enimma.  2.  crivel- 
lare. 

Ride;  i.  corso  a  cavallo,  caval- 
cata.  2.  cavalcare,  andare  a 
cavallo,  men  tare  (bicicletta). 
3.  andare  in  carrozza.  4. 
essereall"  ancora.  5.  scaval- 
ciarsi. 

Ride  about ;  far  delle  girate  a 
cavallo. 


Ride  at ;  spingere  il  cavallo 
verso  (ostacolo),  su  (nemico). 

Ride  away ;  partire,  allonta- 
narsi  (a  cavallo). 

Ride  back;  ritornare  a  cavallo. 

Ride  backwards;  cavalcare  a 
ritroso. 

Ride  behind;  i.  seguire  a  ca- 
vallo. 2.  essere,  montare,  o 
salire,  in  groppa ;  When  two 
ride  a  horse  one  must  ride 
behind,  Se  due  persone  stan- 
no  su  un  cavallo  1'  uno  de' 
due  bisogna  che  sia  di  dietro. 

3.  montare  sul  sedile  dietro 
una  carrozza. 

Ride  by;   i.   passare  a  cavallo. 

2.   cavalcare  di  franco  a,  vi- 

cino  di. 

Ride   down ;    investire  col  ca- 
vallo. . 
Ride  forward ;  farsi  avanti  col 

cavallo. 
Ride  hard ;  cavalcare  senza  ri- 

sparmiare  il  cavallo. 
Ride  off;  v.  Ride  away. 
Ride  on  ;  continuare  il  corso. 
Ride    out ;    venire,    o    andare 

fuori  a  cavallo. 
Ride  up;   arrivare  (a  cavallo), 

farsi  a  (col   cavallo),  avvici- 

nare  il  cavallo  (a).       > 
Rider;  i.  cavaliere.    2.  clausola 

di  piu,  aggiunta. 
Riderless ;  senza  cavaliere. 
Ridge;   i.  comignolo.     2.  gio- 

gaia.     3.    rialzo,   porca.     4. 

catena  (di  scogli). 
Ridicule;   j.   ridicolo,  scheme. 

2.   canzonare,  sbefiare,  met- 

tere  in  ridicolo. 
Ridiculous ;  ridicolo. 
Riding;  equitazione. 
Riding-crop;  frustino. 
Riding-habit ;  amazzone. 
Riding-horse ;  cavallo  da  ma- 

neggio. 

Riding-master;  cavallerizzo. 
Riding-school ;  cavallerizza. 
Rife ;  comune,  generale.  Be 

— ,  correre. 
Riffraff;    scarto,    robaccia,   ca- 

naglia,  plebaglia,  marame. 
Rifle;    i.    fucile  (rigato),  cara- 

bina.  2.svaligiare,depredare. 
Rifleman;  carabiniere. 
Rifle-range;  terrene  del  tiro  a 

segno. 
Rift;   i.  fessura.     2.  strappodi 

serene. 
Rig;     i.    vestimento    ridicolo. 

2.  attrezzatura.   3.  attrezzare. 

4.  —  out,  vestire  alia  meglio. 

Rigging;  attrezzatura. 

Right;  i.  giusto,  dovuto,  vo- 
lute. 2.  dritto,  destro;  — 
thumb,  pollice  della  man 
destra.  3.  d'  accordo !  va 
bene  !  4.  bene,  proprio ; 
—  well,  benissimo.  5.  Be 
— ,  aver  ragione.  6.  diritto, 
privilegio.  7.  Set  to  — s, 
metter  in  ordine.  8.  —  it- 
self, ristabilirsi,  raddriz/arsi. 

Right-about;  To  the  -  — , 
nella  direzione  opposta,  in- 
dietro. 

Right-angled;  rettangolo. 

Righteous;  giusto. 

Rightful;  legittimo. 


Rightly ;  giustamente,  bene, 
proprio. 

Rigid  ;  id. 

Rigmarole ;  tiritera. 

Rigour;  rigore. 

Rile  ;  far  arrabbiare. 

Rill ;  ruscello,  rigagnulo. 

Rim ;  bordo,  orlo,  quarto  (di 
ruota),  cerchione. 

Rime  ;  brina. 

Rind ;  scorza,  corteccia,  crusta, 
cotenna. 

Rinderpest ;  peste  bovina. 

Ring;  i.  anello.  2.  cercluetto. 
3.  scampanio,  tintinnio,  suo- 
no.  4.  arena,  terreno  di 
combattimento.  5.  cricca, 
combriccola.  6.  occhio(d' an- 
cora). 7.  cinta,  recinto. 

8.  suonare,  far  tintinnire, 
tirare  il  campanello.     9.    ri- 
sonare. 

Ringbark ;    ritagliare   circolar- 

mente  la  scorza  d'  un  albcro 

per  cagionarne  la  morte,  in- 

coronare. 
Ring-bone ;   esostosi  sulla  pa- 

stoia. 

Ring-dove;  colombaccio. 
Ringed;  a  collana  (uccello). 
Ring-fence  ;    Within  a  —    — , 

(proprieta)   con  liinite  quasi 

circolare. 

Ringing;  tintinnio. 
Ringleader ;  capo,  caporione. 
Ringlet ;  riccio. 
Ring-roller;  rullo  dentato. 
Ringworm ;     mentagra,    tigna 

tonsurante. 

Rink ;  impiantito  di  patinaggio. 
Rinse ;  risciacquare. 
Riot;    i.    trambusto,   baccano. 

2.  sommossa,    sollevazione. 

3.  far  chiasso,  tumultuare. 
Rioter;    scapestrato,  sedizioso, 

discolo,  chiassone. 

Riotous ;  sregolato,  riottoso, 
disordinato. 

Rip;  i.  mascalzone.  2.  strac- 
ciare,  lacerare,  squarciare. 
3.  —  up,  scucire,  sdrucire. 

Ripe ;  maturo. 

Ripen ;  maturare. 

Ripper ;  eccellentissimo. 

Ripping;  piacevolissimo. 

Ripple;  i.  marttta.  2.  (ar 
maretta,  increspare. 

Rise;  i.  elevazione.  2.  salita. 
3.  levata.  4.  rincaro,  au- 
mento,  rialzo.  5.  origine. 
6.  (gergo)  scoppio  di  malu- 
more.  7.  piena  (di  fiuine). 
8.  il  presentarsi  d'  un  pesce 
alia  superficie  dell'  acqua  cer- 
cando  di  prendere  una  mosca. 

9.  alzarsi,    sorgere.       ;  o. 
spuntare.     n.  lievitare.    12. 
crescere,  ingrossare.     13.  au- 
mentarsi(prezzo);  — in  price, 
rincarare.     14.  sollevarsi. 

Riser;  i.  alzata,  faccia  verticale 
d'  un  gradino.  2.  Early  — , 
persona  mattiniera. 

Risible ;  id. 

Rising;  i.  sollevazione.  2.  il 
levarsi.  3.  sorgente  (gene- 
razione),  nascente  (sole).  4. 
chiusura  (di  seduta).  5.  Vote 
by  —  and  sitting,  votare  per 
alzata  e  seduta. 


RISK— ROUND 


XCVll 


Risk;  I.  rischio.    2.  arrischiare. 

3.    At  all  — s,  checche  suc- 

ceda,  a  buon  conto. 
Risky ;  rischioso. 
Rissole;  polpetta. 
Rite ;  rito. 
Ritual,  -ist;  id. 
Rival;      i.     id. ,     concorrente, 

emulo.     2.    rivaleggiare. 
Rive ;  spaccare. 
River;    i.    fiume,    riviera.      2. 

fluviale. 
River-side;  i.  riva.     2.  rivie- 

rasco. 
Rivet;     i.    chiodo    (ribadito), 

spranghetta.       2.     ribadire. 

3.  tener  (!'  attenzione)  fissa. 
Rivulet ;  ruscelletto. 
Rix-dollar;  risdollaro. 
Roach ;  lasca  rosata. 
Road ;  via,  strada. 
Road-side ;  margine  della  stra- 
da.      inn,  albergo  sulla 

strada,  albergo  st racial e. 
Roadstead;  rada. 
Roadster ;  cavallo  di  fatica. 
Road-way ;      carreggiata,      la 

parte  della  strada  per  le  car- 

rozze. 

Roam ;  vagare. 
Roan ;  roano. 
Roar;     i.     ruggito,    muggito. 

2.  scoppio  (di  risa).     3.  rom- 
bo,   scroscio.      4.    Set   in   a 
— ,  fare  scoppiare  dal  ridere. 
5.    ruggire,   mugghiare.      6. 
vociferare. 

Roarer ;  bolso. 

Roast  ;  arrostire,  torrefare. 
Rule  the  — ,  tenere  il  me- 
stolo. 

Roast  meat ;  arrostito. 

Rob ;  rubare,  derubare,  svali- 
giare. 

Robber;  ladro. 

Robbery ;  ruberia,  ladrocinio. 

Robe;  i.  veste,  toga.  2.  ve- 
st ire. 

Robin ;  pettirosso. 

Robing-room  ;  vestiario. 

Robust;  id. 

Rocambole;  aglio  di  Spagna. 

Rochet ;  rocchetto. 

Rock;  i.  scoglio,  roccia,  rupe, 
balza.  2.  cullare,  dondolare. 

3.  barcollare. 

Rock-bound;  irtodirupi. 
Rockcistus;  eliantemo. 
Rock-crystal ;  cristallo  di  roc- 

ca. 

Rock-dove;  piccionesalvatico. 
Rocker ;  asse  curvato  dell'  alta- 

lena. 
Rockery ;   sassi  accatastati  per 

un  giardino  alpino. 
Rocket;   i.  razzo.     2.  ruchetta. 
Rocketer;  fagiano  che  vola  alto 

e  proprio  sovra  la  testa  del 

cacciatore. 
Rock-fever;    febbre   intermit- 

tente  di  Gibilterta. 
Rocking;  cullamento. 
Rocking-chair ;  sedia  a  don- 

dolo. 

Rocking-cradle;  culla. 
Rocking-horse;  cavallo  a  don- 

dolo. 
Rocking-stone;  sasso  barcol- 

lante. 
Rock  pipit ;  calandro. 

H. 


Rock-rabbit ;  irace. 
Rock-rose ;  v.  Rock  cistus. 
Rock-salt ;  salgemma. 
Rock-snake;  pitone. 
Rock-sparrow ;  passera  lagia. 
Rock-thrush ;  codirossone. 
Rock- work ;  montagnuola  arti- 

ficiale,  pietrame. 
Rocky;  sassoso. 
Rod ;      i .     bacchetta,     stecca, 

verga,   asta.      2.    canna   (da 

pesca).       3.    perlica    (5  '02  7 

metri). 

Rodent ;  rosicchiante. 
Rodomontade ;  millanteria. 
Roe;    i.   capriolo.     2.   nova  di 

pesce  ;  Soft  — ,  latte  di  pesce. 
Rogue ;  briccone,  mariuolo,  bir- 

bante. 

R61e ;  parte. 
Roll;    i.   rotolo.     2.   rullo.     3. 

rullio.     4.    panino.     5.    — s, 

albo  (degli  avvocati),  ruolo. 

6.    — s,  archivi.     7.    Master 

of  the  —  s,  giudice  (in  Inghil- 

terra). 

8.  ruzzolare,  rotolare,  scor- 

rere.     9.  far  rotolare,  girare, 

stralunare   (gli   occhi).       10. 

stendere  (pasta),     n.  (mar.) 

rullare.    12.  laminare  (ferro). 
Roll  away;  allontanarsi. 
Roll   back;    ricacciare,   far  in- 

dietreggiare. 

Roll  down  ;  rotolar  giu. 
Roll  on  ;  scorrere. 
Roll  out ;    i .    parlare  a  bocca 

molto   aperta.     2.    spianare. 

3.    schiacciare,    non    lasciar 

modo  di  rispondere. 
Roll    up;    avvolgere,    fare    un 

rotolo  di. 
Roller;    i.  rullo.     2.  gazza  (o 

ghiandaia)   marina.     3.    ma- 

roso,  cavallone. 
Roller-blind ;    stoino,   tendina 

(che  s'  alza  avvolgendosi). 
Roller-skate  ;  pattino  a  rotel- 

line. 
Roller-towel ;    asciugamano  a 

rotolo,  bandinella. 
Rollicking ;     festoso,     brioso, 

buontempone. 
Rolling;    i.    rotolante.     A  — 

stone  gathers  no  moss,  pietra 

che  rotola  non  fa  muffa.     2. 

(mar.)  rullio. 

Rolling-mill ;  laminatoio. 
Rolling-pin ;  spianatoio. 
Romance ;     i.    romanzo.      2. 

fantasticare,   favoleggiare. 
Romancer;   inventatore,  men- 

titore. 

Romanesque ;  romanzesco. 
Romanise;   i.  far  passare  alia 

fede    cattolica.      2.     usare   i 

riti  di  questa  fede. 
Romanism  ;  papismo. 
Romantic;  id. 
Romish ;  papistico. 
Romp ;    i .    trambusto,   giuoco 

chiassoso  o  violento.     2.  ruz- 

zare   chiassosamente,  fare   il 

monello. 
Rood ;     i .    quaranta    pertiche 

quadrate   (o'loi    ettari).      2. 

crocifisso. 

Rood-loft ;  specie  di  balconcino. 
Rood-screen ;  tramezzo  fra  la 

navata  e  il  coro. 


Roof;    i.   tetto,  volta.     i.  co- 

prire  con  tetto. 
Roofless ;  senza  tetto. 
Roof-tile ;  tegola,  imbrice. 
Rook;   i.  corvo  nero.    t.  rocco 

(agli    scacchi).      3.     barare, 

vincere  i  danari  di  chi  non 

sa   giocare,   gabbare,   scorti- 

care,  spennare,  spelare. 
Rookery;    luogo  dove  i   corvi 

neri  fanno  i  loro  nidi. 
Room ;    i .  camera,  stanza.     2. 

sala,     salotto.       3.      spazio, 

luogo.       4.      — s,     apparta- 

mento. 
Roomful   of  people;    quanta 

gente  pu6  stare  in  una  stanza. 
Roomy ;  spazioso. 
Roost;    i.    posatoio.      2.   ap- 

pollaiarsi. 
Rooster ;  gallo. 
Root;    i.    radice,  barba  ;  Take 

— ,     radicarsi,     abbarbicare. 

2.    grufolare. 
Root-crop ;    messe    di   barba- 

bietole  o  rave. 
Root    out    or    up;    sradicare, 

sbarbicare,  estirpare. 
Rootedly ;  profondamente. 
Rope ;  corda,  fune,  cavo.    Stair 

— ,  tientibene. 
Rope-dancer;     ballerino     da 

corda. 

Rope-ladder ;  scala  di  corde. 
Rope-maker;  funaiolo. 
Rope- walk;  corderia. 
Rope-yarn;  filo  da  corde. 
Ropy;  che  fila,  glutinoso. 
Rorqual;  balenottera. 
Rosary;  corona,  rosario. 
Rose;   r.  rosa.    2.  palla  buche- 

rellata,   cipolla,   palla   trafo- 

rata. 

Roseate ;  roseo. 
Rose-bed;  aiola  di  rose. 
Rose-bush;  rosaio. 
Rose-campion ;  coronaria  de' 

giardini. 
Rose-gall ;   spinabianca,  bede- 

guar. 

Rose-garden;  roseto. 
Rose -geranium  ;    geranio   ro- 

sato. 
Rose-grower;    chi  coltiva  le 

rose. 

Rose-mallow;  malva  di  padule. 
Rosemary ;  ramerino. 
Roseola;  rosolia. 
Rose-tree;  rosaio. 
Rosette ;  rosetta. 
Rose-water;  acqua  rosa. 
Rose-window;     finestrone    a 

rosa. 

Rosewood ;  palissandro. 
Rosicrucian;  id.,  rosa-croce. 
Rosin ;  ragia. 
Roster ;    regolamento    di    ser- 

nrio. 

Rostrum  ;  rostro. 
Rosy;    roseo.      —  lips,  labbra 

vermiglie. 
Rot;   i.  marciume.     2.   (gergo) 

ciancia  insensata.      3.    mar- 

ciaia.     4.  Dry  — ,  corruzione 

secca,    carie    nel    legname. 

5.    putrefare,  infracidarsi. 
Rota;  id.     On  the  — ,  di  ser- 

vizio. 

Rotary;  girevole. 
Rotation;  ;...,  successione. 


Rote ;  By  — ,  a  memoria. 

Rotten ;  marcio,  infracidato, 
fracido. 

Rouble ;  rublo. 

Rouen ;  Roano. 

Rouge;  i.  belletto,  rossetto. 
2.  imbellettare. 

Rough;  i.  aspro,  ruvido,  agro, 
brusco,  acre.  2.  tempestoso, 
burrascoso.  3.  peloso.  4. 
rustico,  villano.  5.  greggio, 
rozzo.  6.  grosso,  ordinario. 
7.  in  disordine.  8.  irsuto, 
ruvido. 

9.  In  the  — ,  in  istato 
greggio.  10.  becero,  omac- 
cione.  n.  To  —  it,  menare 
vita  dura,  far  di  meno  delle 
cose  delicate. 

Rough-cast;  arricciare. 

Rough  copy ;  prima  prova, 
niinuta. 

Rough  drawing ;  abbozzo. 

Roughen ;  irtuvidire. 

Rough  hew;  sbozzare. 

Roughly;  i.  v.  Rough.  2.  — 
speaking,  su  per  giu.  3.  — 
bound,  legato  alia  rustica. 

Rough  model;  prirno  abboz- 
zo. 

Roughness;  asprezza  ecc.,  v. 
Rough. 

Rough  out;  abbozzare. 

Rough-rider;  scozzone. 

Rough-shod;  ferrato  a  ghiac- 
cio.  Ride  —  —  over,  pas- 
sar  sul  corpo  a,  contrariare 
grossolanamente. 

Rough  towel;  asciugamano  da 
bagno. 

Roulette;  rulette. 

Rounce ;  mulinello  del  tor- 
chio. 

Round ;  i.  rotondo,  tondo. 
2.  ronda  ;  Go  the  — ^s,  far  la 
ronda.  3.  cerchio  (di  sci- 
enza).  4.  piolo  (di  scala). 
5.  scoppio  (d'  applausi).  6. 
scarica  (d' artiglieria).  7.  as- 
salto,  lotta,  turno.  8.  Daily 
— ,  occupazione  giornaliera. 
9.  volta  (al  giuoco).  10.  car- 
tuccia,  carica  ;  They  carried 
twenty  — s  of  ammunition 
per  man,  portarono  venti 
cariche  di  munizioni  peruno. 
ir.  girello  (di  hue). 

12.  —  sum,  (a)  buona 
somma,  (/>)  somma  tonda ; 

—  trot,  buon  trotto  ;   In  — 
numbers,     in     cifre     tonde. 

13.  —  dance,  ballo  in  giro. 

14.  All   the   year  — ,   tutto 
1'  anno. 

15.  passare  (promontorio). 
1 6.  Get  — ,  (a)  raggirare, 
gabbare  con  moine,  (t)  rag- 
girare (difficolta).  17.  Look 
— ,  girare  il  volto.  18.  To 

—  off,  arrotondare.     19.  To 

—  up,  raccogliere  (bestiame), 
fare  la  raccolta. 

20.  intorno,  attorno,  nei 
dintorni  di.  21.  —  the 
corner,  dietro  il  canto.  22. 
Turn  —  and  — ,  considerare 
da  ogni  parte,  in  ogni  ma- 
niera.  23.  All  —  about, 
un  po"  dappertutto,  in  ogni 
parte. 

N 


XCV111 


.  ROUNDABOUT— RUSH 


Roundabout;    i.   giostra.     2. 

indiretto ;  —  phrase,  circon- 

locuzione. 

Round-backed ;  gobbo. 
Roundel;  rondo. 
Rounders ;    specie   di    giuoco 

alia  palla. 
Round-hand;    i.    formatello, 

ronde.     2.  un  certo  modo  di 

mandare  la  palla  al  giuoco  di 

cricket. 

Round-head ;  testa  tonda. 
Round-house;     i.    corpo    di 

guardia.       2.     casseretto    di 

poppa. 

Roundly ;  schiettamente. 
Round-robin ;    petizione    con 

firme  in  cerchio. 
Round-towel;  bandinella. 
Roundworm ;  mignatto,  asca- 

ride. 

Roup;  pipita. 

Rouse ;  svegliare,  stimolare. 
Rousing;  bellissitno. 
Rout;    i.   rotta,   sconfitta.      2. 

serata. 

Route ;  rotta,  corsa,  via. 
Routine ;  uso  giornaliero,  pro- 

cedimento  ordinario. 
Rove ;  errare,  viaggiare. 
Rover ;     i .    vagabondo,    gira- 

mondo.     2.  corsaro. 
Row;    i.    fila,    filiera,    ordine. 

1.  colonna    (di    cifre).       3. 
rissa,     tafferuglio,     scenata. 
4.  escursione  in  battello.     5. 
remare,  vogare. 

Rowan  tree ;  sorbo  de'  caccia- 

tori. 

Rowdy ;  chiassone. 
Rowel ;    spronella,  Stella  dello 

sprone. 

Rower;  vogatore,  rematore. 
Rowing-boat;  battello  a  remi. 
Rowing-club ;  circolo  dei  ca- 

nottieri. 

Rowing-match ;  regata  (a  re- 
mi). 

Rowlock;  scalmiera. 
Royal ;   i .  reale.     ^.   palco  (di 

cervo).     3.  controvelaccio. 
Royalist ;  realista. 
Royalty;   i.   i  sovrani  o  alcuna 

persona  della  famiglia  reale. 

•2.     livello,     canone,     censo 

(minerale). 
Royston  crow ;  cornacchia  bi- 

f'a. 
;     i.    fregare,    strofinare, 
stropicciare.     i.  —  out,  can- 
cellare.      3.    —  over,   ritoc- 
care,  ripulire.     4.  —  up,  (a) 
rinfrescare,    (6)    —    up    the 
wrong   way,    offendere.       5. 
There's  the  — ,  ecco  il  node, 
qui  sta  il  busillis. 
Rubber;    i.  gomma  (elastica). 

2.  strofinaccio.      3.    partita 
tripla  (al  whist). 

Rubber  stamp;  stampino  di 
gorrma. 

Rubbing ;  fregamento,  frizione, 
attrito. 

Rubbing-post ;  palo  di  frega- 
mento. 

Rubbish ;  robaccia,  bazzecola, 
grulleria,  anticaglie,  macerie, 
rottame. 

Rubbishy ;  da  scarto,  senza 
valore. 


Rubble ;  pietrame  grezzo. 

Rubicund ;  id. 

Rubric ;  rubrica. 

Ruby;   i.  rubino.     2.  rosso  in  - 

carnato.  3. — type,  parigina. 
Ruck  ;   i.   mucchio.     2.  —  up, 

spiegazzare,  incresparsi. 
Ructions ;  risse,  scenate. 
Rudd ;  scardola. 
Rudder ;  tiinone. 
Ruddiness;  freschez/a di carna- 

gione. 

Ruddle  ;  sinopia,  argilla  rossa. 
Ruddy;  vermiglio. 
Rude;   i.  scortese,  grossolano, 

sgarbato.     2.  rozzo,  rude, in- 

fbrme. 
Rudeness;    i.    scortesia.      2. 

rozzezza. 

Rudimentary ;  rudimentale. 
Rudiments ;  id.,  principii. 
Rue;  i.  ruta.     2.  pentirsi. 
Rueful;  lamentevole. 
Ruff;     i.     colletto    increspato. 

t.  gambetta.     3.  giocare  un 

trionfo  (al  whist). 
Ruffian  ;  omaccio,  malandrino, 

mascalzone,  sgherro. 
Ruffianly;  scellerato,  malnato. 
Ruffle;   i.   manichino  o  altro  a 

pieghe.     2.  disordinare,  stur- 

bare,  offendere.    3.  arricciare, 

arruffare  (penne). 
Rug;   i.  coperta.    2.  tappetino. 
Ruin;     i.    rovina.        2.     rovi- 

nare,  spiantare. 
Ruinous;    i.    in   rovina.      i. 

dannoso,  rovinoso. 
Rule  ;  i .  regola,  norma,  regime, 

precetto.      2.    dominio,    go- 

verno.     3.  —  of  three,  regola 

aurea.     4.  Make  a  — ,  aver 

per   regola.       5.    governare. 

6.  rigare.      7-  decidere  ;    — 

out  of  court,  dichiarare  inam- 

missibile,  dare  torto  a. 
Ruler ;     i .    padrone,    governa- 

tore.    2.  regolo,  squadruccio. 
Ruling ;  regnante,  dominante. 
Rum;   i.   rum.     2.  strambo. 
Rumble;    i.  rombare,  mormo- 

rare.    2.  sedile  di  dietro  d'un 

carrozzone. 
Rumen ;  rumine. 
Ruminant;  id. 
Ruminate ;  id. 
Rummage  ;  frugare,  rovistare. 
Rumour ;  rumore. 
Rump ;  groppa,  soccoscio.     — 

of  beef,   culaccio  di  manzo. 

—  of  a  bird,  codione. 
Rump-steak ;     bistecca    della 

culatta. 
Rumple ;  spiegazzare,  gualcire, 

abbaruffare. 
Rumpus;  chiasso. 
Run;   i .  corsa,  corso.     2.  esito, 

spaccio.      3.    voga,    durata. 

4.  comune,  qualita  ordinaria. 

5.  trottata,  gita,  passeggiata. 

6.  Chicken  — ,  pollaio.     7. 
Sheep  — ,  Cattle  — ,  latifondo 
per  allevare  pecore  o  bestia- 
me.     8.  seguito;  — of  luck, 
of  bad   luck,   ripetizione   di 
successi,    continua    disdetta. 

9.  —  on  a  bank,  concorso  di 
depositanti  per  farsi  pagare. 

10.  distanza  percorsa  da  una 
nave.       1 1 .    accesso   libero. 


12.  (a)  On  the  — ,  in  fuga ; 
(i)  In  the  long  — ,  a  lungo 
andare.  13.  (mar. )  stellato 
di  poppa  d'  una  nave.  14. 
al  "cricket"  corsa  tra  i 
"  wickets." 

15.  correre.  16.  fuggire. 
17.  —  in  one's  head,  tor- 
nare  in  mente,  non  voter 
lasciarci.  18.  sgocciolare 
(candela).  19.  fare  il  servi- 
zio  tra...e....  20.  esser  con- 
cepita  (scrittura),  essere  es- 
pressa.  21.  fondersi  (colore). 
22.  montare  (somma  di 
compre).  23.  filare  (nave). 
24.  spingere  (spillo)  in,  sfon- 
dare  (spina  nella  mano).  25. 
condurre.  26.  fondere,  co- 
lare  (miele).  27.  —  one's 
eye  over,  dare  un  colpo 
d'  occhio  a.  28.  conlrab- 
bandare,  frodare  (liquori). 
29.  imbastire. 

Run  about;    i.  correre  qua  e 

la.    2. car,  automobile 

piccolo. 

Run  across;  i.  attraversare 
correndo.  2.  imbattersi  in. 

Run  after;   i.   inseguitare.     2. 

Be ,  esser  molto  ricer- 

cato,  in  richiesta. 

Run  against ;  imbattersi  in. 

Run  at ;  precipitarsi  verso. 

Run  away;  i.  fuggire.  2. 
prender  la  mano  (cavallo). 
3.  (as  one  word,  Runaway) 
fuggitivo,  scappato.  Run- 
away match,  matrimonio  con 
ratto. 

Run  away  with ;  portar  via, 
prender  la  mano  a  (cavallo). 

— the  idea,  mettersi 

nella  testa. 

Run  back;  ritornare (correndo), 
rimontare. 

Run  before  the  wind ;  correre 
in  poppa,  in  fil  di  ruota. 

Run  counter;  ripugnare. 

Run  down;  i.  scendere  (cor- 
rendo), sgocciolare.  2.  an- 
dare per  breve  tempo.  3. 
arrestarsi  per  non  esser  stato 
caricato.  4.  trovare  il  nas- 
condiglio  di,  scoprire  il  covo, 
il  fonte  di.  5.  vilipendere, 
sparlare  di.  6.  costeggiare. 
7.  colare  a  picco.  8.  mala- 
ticcio. 

Run  forward ;  avanzarsi  alia 
corsa. 

Run  foul  of ;   abbordare  acci- 

dentalmente. each 

other,  urtarsi. 

Run  hard ;  i .  correre  a  piii 
non  posso.  2.  esser  vicino 
a  vincere. 

Run  high;  alzarsialti  (marosi), 
riscaldarsi  (passioni). 

Run  in  ;  i .  niettei  e  in  gattabuia. 
2.  rientrare  (cannone).  3. 
upon,  far  breve  visita  a. 

Run  into;   i.  incorrere(debiti). 

2.  —   —    a   great   deal    of 
money,  esser  molto  costoso. 

3.  rifugiarsi    in  (porto).     4. 
v.   Run  foul  of. 

Run  low;  scemarsi  (denari). 
Run  off;    i.   scappar   via.     2. 
colare,  sgocciolare.    3. 


the  line,   uscir  delle  rotaie, 
deviare.    4.  sputare,  ripetere, 
raccontare.      5.  stampare. 
Run   on;    i.   passare   (tempo). 

2.  continuare    nella    stessa 
riga.     3.  continuare  di  par- 
lare.     4.  dare  su. 

Run  out ;  i .  uscire  (presto), 
uscire  alia  lesta.  2.  mandar 

fuori ; a  warp,  portare 

un  gherlino  fuori  del  basti- 

mento.  3.  Be ,  essere 

esaurito  ;  Be  • — ning  out, 
esser  vicino  alia  fine.  4. 
scappare(liquido).  5.  esten- 
dersi.  6.  essere  in  abbassa- 

mento  (marea).  7.  Be 

of,  non  aver  piu,  essere  a 
secco  di.  8.  terminarsi  (fitto). 
9.  al  giuoco  di  cricket,  (a) 
metier  fuori  del  giuoco  chi 
cerca  fare  un  "  run  " ;  (b)  To 
—  it  — ,  ottenere  tutti  i 
"  runs  "  possibili  per  un  colpo 
fatto  alia  palla. 

Run  over;  i.  passare  sul  corpo 
di,  investire.  2.  fare  una 
passeggiata  a.  3.  scorrere 
(cogli  occhi),  dare  una  scorsa 
a.  4.  straripare,  traboccare. 

Run  short ;  v.  Short  (5,  #). 

Run  through;  i.  passare  da 
bancla  a  banda.  2.  andare 
direttamente  a,  senza  cambio. 

3.  scialacquare  (denari,  ere- 
dita).     4.   v.  Run  over  (3). 

Run  to ;  i.  accorrere  a.  2. 
montare  a.  3.  sopportare 
(spesa  di). 

Run  to  seed;  sementire,  andare 
in  seme,  tallire. 

Run  up;  i.  montare.  2.  ac- 
correre. 3.  rimontare  (un 

fiume) ; with  the  tide, 

salire  colla  marea.  4.  alzare 
o  costruire,  alia  meglio.  5. 
arrampicarsi  su  (pianta).  6. 
fare  (debiti).  7.  alzare  il 
prezzo  di,  con  vere  o  finte 
offerte  ad  un'  asta. 

Runaway  ;  v.  Run  away  (3). 

Rune ;  runa. 

Rung;  piuolo. 

Runnel ;  rigagnolo. 

Runner;  i.  corridore.  2.  v. 
Scarlet.  3.  tralcio  (/.  e.  di 
fragola).  4.  usciere.  5.  — 
up,  il  secondo  in  una  gara. 

Running;  i.  corrente.  2.  sup- 
purante.  3.  scorrevole;  — 
knot,  nodo  scorsoio.  4.  in 
successione,  di  seguito,  di 
striscio.  5.  Keep  up  a  — 
fight,  combattere  ritirandosi. 

Runt;  i.  animale  impicciolito, 
di  sviluppo  arrestato.  2.  una 
varieta  di  piccione. 

Rupee ;  rupia. 

Rupture;  i.  rottura.  2.  allen- 
tatura. 

Rural ;  id.,  campestre. 

Ruralize ;  villeggiare. 

Rush;  i.  giunco ;  Flowering 
— ,  giunco  fiorito.  2.  Not 
to  care  a  — ,  non  curarsene. 
3.  attacco  impetuoso,  slancio, 
sbalzo.  4.  —  of  blood  to  the 
head,  congestione  cerebrale 
subitanea. 

5.   precipitarsi,  avventarsi. 


RUSH    BASKET— SATISFACTION 


XC1X 


6.  —  after,  affrettarsi  a  com- 

prare,  affbllarsi  dietro  a.     7. 

affluire  (sangue). 
Rush     basket ;     panierino    di 

giunco. 
Rush-bottomed  ;    a   fondo  di 

giunco. 
Rush-broom ;     ginestro    spa- 

gnuolo. 

Rushing;  impetuoso. 
Rush-light;  candela  da  notte 


a  lucignolo  di  giunco,  lumi- 

cina. 

Rush-nut;  mandorla  di  terra. 
Rushy ;  giuncoso. 
Rusk ;  specie  di  biscotto,  fetta 

di  pane  biscottata. 
Russet ;  rossetto. 
Rust;   i.   ruggine.     2.  arruggi- 

nire. 

Rustic;  id. ,  villano,  contadino. 
Rusticate;    i.  mandar  via,  e- 


scludere  per  un  tempo  (stu- 

dente).     2.  starsene  in  villa. 
Rustication  ;    espulsione  tem- 

poraria  (clalT  Universita). 
Rusticity;  id. 
Rustiness ;         arruvidimentft, 

mancanza  d'  abitudine. 
Rustle;  stormire,  rumoreggiare. 
Rustling;  fruscio. 
Rusty;    i.  rugginoso.     i.  disa- 

bituato. 


Rut;  i.carreggiata.rotaia.  2.  fre- 
ga,  fregola.  3.  andare  in  frega. 

Ruthful ;  pietoso. 

Ruthless ;  spietato. 

Rutty  ;  con  molte  rotaie. 

Rye ;  segala. 

Rye-grass ;  loglierello.  Ita- 
lian — ,  loglio  nostrale. 

Ryot ;  contadino  indiano. 

Rypeck;  pertica  per  amarrare 
una  barchetta  (pescando). 


S-hook;  esse. 

Sabbatarian  ;    osservatore   del 

riposo  domenicale. 
Sabbath ;  sabato. 
Sable;   i.  zibellino.     i.  oscuro. 
Sabot ;  zoccolo. 
Sabotage ;  sabottaggio. 
Sabre ;  sciabola. 
Sabretache ;  borsetta. 
Sac;  borsa. 
Saccharine ;  saccarino. 
Sacerdotal ;  id. 
Sack;     i.   sacco.      2.   saccheg- 

giare.     3.  congedare. 
Sack -cloth  ;  tela  da  sacco. 
Sackful ;  saccata. 
Sacking ;  infranto,  tela  da  sac- 
co.   With  —  bottom,  a  fondo 

di  tela. 
Sack-race ;   corsa  degli  insac- 

cati. 

Sacrament;  id. 
Sacred ;  sacro. 
Sacrifice;     i.     sacrifizio.       i. 

perdiia.      3.  sacrificare.      4. 

abbandonare. 
Sacrilege ;  id. 
Sacristan  ;  sagrestano. 
Sacrosanct;  id. 
Sacrum  ;  osso  sacro. 
Sad  ;  triste,  mesto. 
Sadden ;  aunstare,  contristare. 
Saddle;   i.   sella.     2.  sellare. 
Saddle-bag;  bisaccia. 
Saddle-bow ;  arcione. 
Saddle-cloth;  gualdrappa. 
Saddle-gall ;    scorticatura   do- 

vuta  alia  sella. 

Saddle-horse;  cavallo  da  sella. 
Saddler;  sellaio. 
Saddle-room;  selleria. 
Saddlery;  selleria. 
Saddle-tree ;  ponticello. 
Sadducee ;  saduceo. 
Safe;   r.  salvo,  sicuro.     i.  fido. 

3.  cassa  forte. 

Safeconduct ;  salvacondotto. 
Safeguard;  i.  salvaguardia.    2. 

salvaguardare. 
Safely ;    senza   rischio,    sicura- 

mente. 
Safety ;    sicurezza.        -   lamp, 

lampada    di    sicurezza.      — 

valve,  valvola  di  sicurezza. 
Safflower  ;  cartaroo. 
Saffron;  zafferano. 
Sag ;  piegarsi  in  giu. 
Sagacious ;  sagace. 
Sage;     i.    savio.      i.    erudito. 

3.  salvia. 
Sago;  sagu. 
Sahib ;  titolo  di  considerazione 

indiano. 


Said  ;  suddetto. 

Sail;   i.  vela.    2.  ala  (mulino). 

3.  gita  sull'  acqua.    4.  Make 

— ,  spiegan  le  vele,  far  vela. 

5.    navigare,   filare.      6.    — 

about,  incrociare. 
Sail-cloth  ;  tela  olona. 
Sailer;  veliere. 
Sailing;  andatura. 
Sail-maker;  velaio. 
Sailor ;  marinaio. 
Sainfoin ;  lupinello. 
Saint ;  santo. 
Saint  Bruno's  lily ;  giglio  di 

San  Bruno. 
Saint  John's   wort ;    erba   di 

San  Giovanni. 
Saintly ;  impeccabile. 
Sake ;  cagione,  riguardo,  amore. 

For  God's  — ,  per  1'  amor  di 

Dio. 

Salaam  ;  salamelecco. 
Salacious ;  salace. 
Salad  ;  insalata. 
Salad-bowl ;  insalatiera. 
Salamander ;  salamandra. 
Salary;  salario. 
Sale  ;  vendita,  esito. 
Saleable ;  vendibile. 
Salesman ;  commesso  alia  ven- 
dita. 
Saleswoman  ;    commessa   alia 

vendita. 

Salient ;  sporgente,  che  risalta. 
Saline ;  id. 
Saliva;  id. 

Sallow;   i.  scialbo.      2.  salcio. 
Sally;   i.  sortita.     2.  scappata, 

frizzo.     3.  sortire. 
Salmagundi ;    manicaretto    di 

rilievi. 

Salmi;  salmi. 
Salmon ;  salmone. 
Salmon  trout;  carpione,  trota 

salmonata. 

Saloon;   i.  salone.     2.   osteria. 
Saloon-car;  vagone-salotto. 
Saloon-passenger;  viaggiatore 

di  prima  classe. 
Salsify ;  sassefrica. 
Salt;    i.    sale.      i.    salare.     3. 

salato,  salso. 
Salt-cellar;  saliera. 
Saltish ;  salsetto,  salaticcio. 
Saltness;  salsedine,  salsezza. 
Salt-pan;  salina. 
Saltpetre  ;  salnitro. 
Salt  provisions ;  salume. 
Saltwort ;   bacicci,  salicornia. 
Salubrious ;  salubre. 
Salutary;  salutare. 
Salutation ;  saluto. 
Salute ;  salutare. 


Salvage ;  ricupero,  salvataggio. 
Salvage  corps  ;  corpo  di  salva- 
taggio. 
Salvation ;  id. ,  salute.   —  army, 

esercito  della  salute. 
Salve ;     i.    balsamo,    pomata. 

2.    salvare. 

Salver ;  vassoio,  sottocoppa. 
Salvo ;  salva. 
Salvor;  salvatore. 
Same ;  stesso,  medesimo. 
Sameness;   troppa  uniformita, 

monotonia. 
Samite ;  sciamito. 
Samphire ;  finocchio  marino. 
Sample;     i.    esempio,   saggio, 

campione.     2.   assaggiare. 
Sampler ;    modello  'di  cucitura 

ossia  di  ricamo. 
Sanctify ;  santificare. 
Sanctimonious ;     pinzochero, 

santerello. 
Sanctimoniousness ;  bacchet- 

toneria. 
Sanction;     i.    sanzione,    per- 

messa.      2.    sancire,   sanzio- 

nare,  tolerare. 
Sanctity;  santita. 
Sanctuary ;    santuario,    taber- 

nacolo. 

Sanctum  ;  gabinetto,  studio. 
Sand;   i.  sabbia,  rena.     2.  co- 

spargere  di  sabbia. 
Sandal ;  sandalo. 
Sandal-wood ;  sandalo. 
Sandbag;    i.  cuscino  riempito 

di  sabbia  per  ripararsi  dalle 

correnti  d'  aria.     2.  sacco  di 

terra. 

Sandbank  ;  banco  di  sabbia. 
Sandblind ;  chi  ha  la  vista  poco 

chiara. 

Sandbox  ;  polverino. 
Sandcrack;    spacco  dello  zoc- 
colo. 
Sand-drift;  mucchio  di  sabbia 

fatto  dal  vento. 
Sand-eel;  ammodite. 
Sanderling;  calidra. 
Sand-flea;    i.   specie  di  pulce 

americana.     2.  gammaro. 
Sand-fly;  specie  di  moscerino. 
Sand-glass ;    orologio   a   pol- 

vere. 

Sand-grouse;  sirratte. 
Sand-hill;  duna. 
Sand-hopper;  gammaro. 
Sand-martin ;  topino. 
Sand-paper ;  carta  vetro,  carta 

smerigliata. 
Sandpiper ;    gambecchio,   frul- 

lino,  piovanHlo,  piropiro. 
Sandpit;  cavu  'i,  sabbione. 


Sandstone ;  arenaria,  calcare 
quarzifero. 

Sandstorm  ;  uragano  di  sabbia. 

Sandwich  ;  panino  gravido. 

Sandwich-man ;  uomo  re- 
clame. 

Sand-worm  ;  arenicola. 

Sandy;  i.  sabbioso.  2.  rosso 
(capelli). 

Sane;  sano  (di  mente). 

Sangar;  parapetto  di  sassi. 

Sang-froid ;  sangue  freddo. 

Sanguinary ;  id. 

Sanguine  ;  confidente.  It  ex- 
ceeded my  most  —  expecta- 
tions, ha  sorpassato  le  mie 
piu  ardite  speranze. 

Sanhedrim;  sinedrio. 

Sanicle;  sanicula. 

Sanious ;  id.,  marcioso. 

Sanitary,  Sanity;  id. 

Sanscrit ;  sanscritto. 

Sans-culotte;  sanculotto. 

Santa  Claus ;  Befana. 

Sap;  i.  sugo.  2.  zappa.  3. 
sottominare.  4.  sgobbare. 

Sapient ;  saccente. 

Sapless ;  secco. 

Sapling;  arbuscello. 

Saponaceous ;  saponaceo. 

Sapper;  i.  zappatore.  2.  — s, 
genio. 

Sapphic;  saffico. 

Sapphire;  zaffiro. 

Sapwood;  alburno. 

Saracen ;  saracenico. 

Sarcas-m,  -tic  ;  id. 

Sarcophagus;  sarcofago. 

Sardine  ;  sardina. 

Sardonic ;  sardonico. 

Sardonyx ;  sardonico. 

Sarsaparilla ;  salsapariglia. 

Sarsenet ;  taffeta  leggiero. 

Sash;  i.  sciarpa.  2.  —  win- 
dow, finestra  all'  inglese. 

Sash-bar;  regolo  di  Hnestra. 

Sash-line ;  corda  della  fine- 
stra. 

Sassafras ;  sassafrasso. 

Satanic ;  id. 

Satchel ;  borsa,  sacchetto. 

Sated ;  sazio,  satollato. 

Satellite;  id. 

Satiate ;  saziare. 

Satiety;  sazieta. 

Satin ;  raso. 

Satinet ;  satinetto. 

Satinwood ;  legno  rasato. 

Satiny;  rasato,  lustro. 

Satire ;  id. 

Satirize ;  satireggiare. 

Satisfaction;  soddisfazione,  ap- 
pagamento. 

Na 


SATISFACTORY— SCRATCH 


Satisfactory;  soddisfacente,  ab- 

bastante  buono. 
Satisfy ;  soddisfare,  contentare, 

appagare,  convincere. 
Satrap  ;  satrapo. 
Saturate ;  saturare. 
Saturday;  sabato. 
Saturnine ;  fosco,  tristo. 
Satyr;  satiro. 
Sauce ;    i .   salsa,  condimento. 

2.   impertinenza. 
Sauce-alone;  v.  Hedge  garlic. 
Sauce-boat;  salsiera. 
Saucepan ;    casseruola,  bastar- 

della. 
Saucer ;    sottocoppa,   piattello, 

sottovaso. 
Saucy ;    impertinente,    presun- 

tuoso. 

Sauer-kraut ;  salcrautte. 
Saunter ;  girondolare,  andar  a 
zonzo,  passeggiare  alia  strac- 
ca. 

Saurian ;  id, 
Sausage ;      salsiccia,     salame. 

Bologna  — ,  mortadella. 
Savage;  i.  salvatico,  selvaggio. 

i.  fiero,  spietato. 
Savanna;  savana. 
Save;     i.    salvare,   conservare, 
campare,    difendere,    rispar- 
miare,  evitare,  non  perdere. 
i,    salvo,  eccetto. 
Saveall ;    ghiotla,    raccoglitore 

d'  olio. 

Saveloy ;  cervellata. 
Savine ;  salu'na. 
Saving  ;  economo,  parco. 
Savings  ;    risparmio,   gruzzolo. 
—  bank,  banco  di  risparmio. 
Saviour ;  salvatore,  liberatore. 
Savory;  santoreggia. 
Savour;   i.  sapore.     2.  sentire. 
Savoury ;    i .   saporito.     2.   pi- 

atto  salato. 
Savoy  cabbage ;    cavolo  cap- 

puccio. 
Saw;   i.  sega,  saracco.     2.  pro- 

verbio.     3.   segare. 
Sawdust ;  segatura. 
Saw-mill;  segheria. 
Saw-pit ;  fossa  de'  segatori. 
Sawyer;  segantino. 
Saxifrage;  sassifraga. 
Saxon ;  sa.ssone. 
Say  ;  dire.     As  much  as  to  — , 
come  dire.   I — ,  senti,  dimmi 
un  po'. 

Saying;  motto,  detto. 
Scab;    i.    crosta.      2.    rogna, 
scabbia.      3.     chi    prende   il 
lavoro    d'   uno    scioperante, 
krumiro. 

Scabbard ;  sciabola. 
Scabby ;  rognoso. 
Scabious ;  scabbiosa. 
Scaffold;    i.  ponte,  palco.     2. 

pa'ibolo. 

Scaffolding ;  impalcamento. 
Scald ;  scottare  con  acqua  bol- 
lente.     — ing   hot,   bollente, 
scottante. 

Scale;    i.    scala.      2.    — s,  bi- 

lancia.     3.   squama,  scaglia. 

4.  gamma.     5.  —  of  prices, 

tariffa,  graduatoria  di  prezzi. 

6.   scalare,  salire,  arrampi- 

carsi  su.     7.  levare  il  tartaro, 

scrostare  (caldaia).  8.  pesare. 

Scale-maker;  bilanciaio. 


Scalene ;  id. 

Scale -pan;   piatto  di  bilancia, 

scodellino. 
Scaling-ladder ;    scala  d'   as- 

sedio. 

Scallop;    i.   pettine.     2.   den- 
tellatura.       3.      frastagliare. 
4.    — ed,  in  conchiglia. 
Scalp;  i.  capigliatura.     v.  scal- 

vare. 

Scalpel;  id. 
Scalping-knife ;     coltello    dei 

Pelli-rossi. 
Scaly ;  squammoso. 
Scammony ;  scamonea. 
Scamp ;  furfante,  mascalzone. 
Scamper;   i.  corsa  precipitata. 
2.    correre.     3.    —   off,    svi- 
gnarsela    correndo,   darla    a 
gambe. 

Scan;    i.    scandire,    seguire   le 
regole  metriche.    2.  scrutare, 
guardare  attentamente. 
Scandal,  -ise;  id. 
Scandal-monger;        semina- 

scandali. 
Scandalous;  vergognoso.     Be 

— ,  essere  scandaloso. 
Scant;     i.     scarso,    poco.      t. 

essere  avaro  di. 
Scantling;  misura  trasversale. 
Scapegoat ;  becco  emissario. 
Scapegrace ;     birichino,     mo- 

nello. 

Scapulary ;  scapolare. 
Scar;    i.    cicatrice,  sfregio.     2. 

—  over,  cicatrizzare. 
Scarab ;  scarabeo. 
Scaramouch ;  buffone. 
Scarce  ;  scarso.     Make  oneself 

— ,   svignarsela. 

Scarcely;    appena.    —    ever, 
quasi     mai.      —    any    one, 
quasi  nessuno. 
Scarcity;  scarsezza. 
Scare;     i.    spavento,    allarme. 

2.   spaventare,   sgomentare. 
Scarecrow ;  spauracchio. 
Scarf;      i.      cravatta,     ciarpa, 

fascia.     2.  parella. 
Scarf-pin  ;  spillo  da  cravatta. 
Scarf- ring;  anello  da  cravatta. 
Scarf-skin ;  cuticola. 
Scarify;  id. 
Scarlatina;  id. 
Scarlet ;    scarlatto.     —    fever, 

scarlattina. 
Scarlet-runner;    fagiolo  ram- 

picante  a  fiori  rossi. 
Scarp ;  scarpa. 
Scatheless;  illeso. 
Scathing ;       scoltante,      acer- 

bissimo. 
Scatter;  spargere,  sparpagliare, 

dispergere. 

Scaup-duck ;  moretta  grigia. 
Scavenge;  levar  la  mota  delle 

strade. 
Scavenger ;        spazzatore       di 

strada,  raccattaconcio. 
Scene ;  scena,  scenario. 
Scene-painter;  scenografo. 
Scenery ;  paesaggio. 
Scene-shifter;  macchinista. 
Scenic ;  scenico. 
Scent;    i.  odore.     2.  odorato, 
fiuto.     3.    fiutare,    annasare, 
odorare.     4.  profumare. 
Scent-bottle ;      boccetta      da 
odori. 


Scentless;  inodoro. 
Sceptic  ;  scettico. 
Sceptre  ;  scettro. 
Schaffhausen ;  Sciaffusa. 
Schedule;  i.  inventario.cedola, 
lista,  annesso,  bordero,  elenco 
di  prezzi.     2.    mettere   nella 
lista,  fare  inventario. 
Scheme;     i.    piano,    disegno, 
progetto,     divisamento.       2. 
elenco ;     —    of    work,    dis- 
posizione     del    lavoro.       3. 
divisare,    intrigare,    tramare, 
macchinare. 
Schemer;  intrigante. 
Scheming;  astuto,  scaltro. 
Schiedam ;  id. 
Schism ;  scisma. 
Scholar;     i.    scolare ;    Greek, 
Latin  — ,  grecista,  latinista ; 
Day  — ,  scolare  esterno.     2. 
borsista. 
Scholarship;     i.     borsa.       2. 

scienza  scolastica. 
Scholastic ;  scolastico. 
Scholiast ;  scoliaste. 
School ;  scuola,  liceo.  Boarding 
— ,  convitto.    Day  — ,  scuola 
di  esterni.     Free  — ,  scuola 
pubblica.     Parish  — ,  scuola 
comunale. 

School-board;  consiglio  sco- 
lastico. 

School-book ;  lihro  scolastico. 
School-boy;  scolare. 
Schoolfellow ;      condiscepolo, 

compagno  di  scuola. 
School-girl;  scolara. 
Schooling;  istruzione. 
Schoolman ;  scolastico. 
Schoolmaster;      direttore     di 
convitto,  maestro  di  scuola. 
Schoolroom;  classe. 
Schooner;  goletta. 
Sciatica ;  id. 
Science ;  id. 
Scimitar;  scimitarra. 
Scintillate ;  id. 
Sciolist ;  saputello,  semidotto, 

saccentone. 
Scion ;     rimessiticcio,    rampol- 

lo. 

Scissors ;  forbice,  cesoie. 
Scoff;  canzonare,  beffeggiare. 
Scoffer;  beffardo,  schernitore. 
Scoffing ;  burla,  baia. 
Scold ;      i.      megera,      moglie 
brontolona.        2.      sgridare, 
rampognare,  riprendere,  dare 
una  lavata  di  testa  a,  fare  una 
partaccia. 
Sconce ;     sostegno    a    bracci, 

viticcio. 

Scoop;  i.  votazza,  sessola. 
2.  —  out,  scavare,  tagliare 
colla  sgorbia. 

Scoop-net ;  rete  da  mano. 
Scoot ;  andare  velocemente. 
Scope;      i.      scopo,      disegno. 
2.     Within   the   —   of,    allo 
scopo     di.       3.      Have     — 
for  his  abilities,  aver  1"  op- 
portunita  di  farsi  valere. 
Scorch ;    scottare,    abbronzire, 

bruciacchiare. 

Score ;  i .  numero  di  punti ; 
Keep  the  — ,  segnare  i  punti. 
2.  ventina.  3.  On  that  — , 
per  ragione  di  questo,  a  quel 
titolo.  4.  Pay  off  old  — s, 


vendicarsi  di  vecchie  offese. 

5.  orchestrazione,    spartito. 

6.  conto,  scotto. 

7.  intaccare.     8.  marcare, 
segnare,     notare.      9.      fare 
(punto,  p.  e.  al  bigliardo). 
Scorer  ;  marcatore. 
Scoria  ;  id.,  rosticci. 
Scorn;     i.     scherno,    sdegno, 
disprezzo.       2.    scorno.       3. 
Laugh  to  — ,  farsi  beffa  di. 
4.       schemire,     disprezzare, 
sdegnare.     5.     scornare.     6. 
dispregiare,  non  curarsi  di. 
Scornful ;  sdegnoso,  sprezzante. 
Scorpion  ;  id. 

Scot;   i.  scotto.     2.  Scozzese. 
Scotched  ;  ferito,  mezzo  morto. 
Scotch  fir  ;  pino  scozzese,  pino 

di  Riga. 

Scotch  mist ;  acquerugiola. 
Scotch  terrier;  terrier  scozzese. 
Scotch    thistle ;     scardiccione 

salvatico. 

Scot  free  ;  immune,  illeso. 
Scoundrel ;   birbante,   ribaldo, 

infame. 

Scour ;  i.  ripulire,  forbire 
liscivare,  imbucatare,  sgras- 
sare.  2.  perlustrare,  per- 
correre.  3.  produrre  la  diar- 
rea. 

Scourer  ;  cavamacchie. 
Scouring ;       i.      purgamento, 
diarrea.       2.     corsa    rapida. 
3.   pulitura,  nettamento. 
Scout  ;      i.     esploratore.       2. 

esplorare. 
Scow ;  chiatta. 

Scowl;    i.   sguardo  torvo,  viso 
arcigno.     2.   minacciare  con 
lo  sguardo,  guardar  torvo. 
Scowling;  torvo. 
Scrag;  collottola. 
Scraggy ;  ossuto,  magro. 
Scramble;   i.  parapiglia,  con- 
fusione.     2.  passeggiata  alia 
scapigliata.         3.       mischia, 
ruffa,  baruffa,  abbaruffio. 

4.  abbaruffarsi,  far  la  ruffa. 
5.  —  up,  inerpicarsi  alia 
meglio. 

Scrap ;     i.     pezzo,     pezzettino 
tozzo  (di  pane) ;     — s,  rilievi 
della  mensa.     2.    gettar   via 
come   fuori  d'   uso,   mettere 
fra  le  anticaglie. 
Scrap-book ;  libro  di  squarci. 
Scrape;  i.  impiccio,  imbarazzo, 
scappata.      2.    grattare,    ra- 
schiare,    razzolare,    raspare. 
3.  strimpellare.    4.  Bow  and 
— ,  far  inchini  e  reverenze. 
Scrape    acquaintance   with ; 
insinuarsi    nella    conoscenza 
di. 
Scrape  along;  vivacchiare,  ti- 

rar  innanzi,  campare. 
Scrape    off;     levare,    togliere 

(grattando). the  mud 

from,  spillaccherare. 
Scrape    up;     metter    insieme, 

raccogliere,  ammassare. 
Scraper;  raschietto,  raschino. 
Scrapings;  immondizie. 
Scrappy;  tutto  a  pezzetti,  inu- 

guale. 

Scratch;  i.  graffio,  graffiatura. 
i.  grattare,  graffiare,  scalfire. 
3.  —  out,  cancellare. 


SCRATCHER— SELF-CONCEIT 


ci 


Scratcher ;  raschiatore. 

Scrawl;  i.  scarabocchio.  2. 
scarabocchiare. 

Scream;  i.  grido.  2.  gridare, 
strillare,  siridere,  vociare, 
squitlire,  vociferare. 

Screech ;  v.  Scream. 

Screech-owl ;  barbagianni. 

Screed;  divagazione. 

Screen;  r.  paravento,  para- 
lume,  parafuoco.  2.  assito, 
tramezzo.  3.  mettere  al  co- 
perto,  riparare,  difendere. 
4.  passare  alia  cola,  vagliare. 

Screw;  i.  vile.  2.  elica.  3. 
brenna.  4.  spilorcio.  5.  ef- 
fetto  (bigliardo).  6.  There 
is  a  —  loose  somewhere,  le 
cose  non  vanno  come  si  vor- 
rebbe.  7.  —  down,  serrare 
con  vite,  fissare  con  vite. 
8.  —  out,  estrarre  a  stento, 
svitare.  9.  —  up,  (a)  strin- 
gere,  aggravare,  (b)  contor- 
cere  (viso),  raggrinzare  (oc- 
chi).  10.  (al  bigliardo) 
stornare,  girare  (colla  palla 
propria). 

Screw-bolt ;  chiavarda  a  vite. 

Screw-driver;  cacciavite. 

Screwed ;  brillo. 

Screw-nut;  madrevite. 

Screw-steamer;  vapore  ad 
elica. 

Scribble  ;  scarabocchiare,  scri- 
bacchiare. 

Scribbler;  imbrattacarte. 

Scribbling-paper ;  carta  da 
minuta. 

Scribe ;  scrivano. 

Scrimmage ;  zuffa,  ruffa,  taf- 
feruglio. 

Scrip ;  certificato  provvisorio. 

Scripture ;  Santa  Scrittura. 

Scrivener;  scrivano. 

Scroll ;  rotolo,  voluta. 

Scroop ;  squittire. 

Scrub;  i.  macchia.  2.  serva  da 
strapazzo.  3.  lavare  con  spaz- 
zola  o  pietra,  fregare  ben  bene. 

Scrubbing-brush;  setolino. 

Scruff;  collottola. 

Scrumptious;  eccellentissimo. 

Scrunch ;  schiacciare. 

Scruple;  i.  scrupolo.  2.  farsi 
scrupolo. 

Scrutinise;  scrutare. 

Scrutiny;  i.  esame  rigoroso. 
i.  squittinio. 

Scud;  i.  nuvole  leggere,  ossia 
pioggerella,  portata  da  forte 
vento.  i.  —  along,  fuggire, 
volare.  3.  —  away,  scappar 
via  in  fretta. 

Scuffle;  i.  zuffa,  rissa.  2.  az- 
zuffarsi,  accapigliarsi.  3.  v. 
Shuffle. 

Scull ;  i .  remo  corto.  2.  vo- 
gare  con  due  remi  corti,  uno 
nella  destra  e  uno  nella  si- 
ni^tra.  3.  maonare. 

Sculler;  rematore  con  due  remi. 

Scullery;  retrocucina. 

Scullery-maid;  sguattera,  la- 
vapiatti. 

Scullion ;  guattero. 

Sculptor;  scultore. 

Sculpture;  i.  scultura.  2. 
scolpire. 

Scum;  schiuma,  stummia. 


Scummer;  schiumatoio. 

Scummy ;  coperto  di  schiuma. 

Scupper;  ombrinale. 

Scurf;  forfora. 

Scurrilous;  sgarbato,  triviale, 
grossolano. 

Scurvy;  i.  scorbuto.  2.  scor- 
tese,  rognoso,  tristo. 

Scuttle;  i.  secchio  (pel  car- 
bone).  2.  portello.  3.  fo- 
rare  la  carena  d'  una  nave 
sotto  la  linea  di  affioramento. 

4.  —  off,  andarsene,  correr 
via,  fuggire  (alia  chetichella). 

Scythe;  fake. 

Sea;  i.  mare;  Heavy  — , 
(a)  mare  grosso,  (/>)  caval- 
lone ;  At  — ,  (a)  in  mare, 
(6)  in  perplessita  ;  Go  to  — , 
(a)  prendere  il  mare,  (6)  farsi 
marinaio ;  Put  to  — ,  far  vela ; 
Put  to  the  — ,  far  marinaio. 
2.  — ,  as  adj.,  marinaresco, 
marine. 

Sea-anemone;  attinia. 

Sea  buckthorn ;  olivello  spi- 
noso. 

Sea-cock ;  presa  d"  acqua. 

Sea-dog1 ;  lupo  di  mare. 

Seafaring ;  marinaresco. 

Sea-grass ;  alga  de'  vetrai. 

Sea-holly;  eringo  marino. 

Sea-horse;  i.  ippocampo.  2. 
tricheco. 

Sea-kale ;  cavolo  marino. 

Seal;  i.  suggello,  sigillo.  2. 
foca,  vitello  marino.  3.  sug- 
gellare,  sigillare.  4.  chiudere. 

5.  confermare. 
Sea-lawyer ;  leticante,  questio- 

nante. 

Sea-legs ;  piede  marino. 

Sealing-wax ;  ceralacca. 

Sea-lion ;  foca  leonina,  otaria 
con  criniera,  platirinco. 

Seam;  i.  cucitura,  costura.  2. 
vena,  filone.  3.  commes- 
sura.  4.  comento. 

Seaman ;  marinaio. 

Seamanship ;  arte  del  mari- 
naio, nautica. 

Seamew;  v.  Gull. 

Sea-piece ;  marina. 

Seaport ;  porto  di  mare. 

Sear ;  cauterizzare. 

Search ;  i.  inchiesta,  ricerca. 
2.  cercare,  frugare,  frugac- 
chiare,  far  ricerche.  3.  — 
into,  esaminare  a  fondo.  4. 
—  out,  fare  una  ricerca  esatta. 

Searcher ;  visitatore. 

Searching;  i.  penetrative.  2. 
incalzante ;  —  enquiry,  in- 
chiesta minuta. 

Sea-room ;  acqua  libera  da 
correre. 

Sea-serpent ;  serpe  di  mare. 

Sea-sick;  presodalmaldi  mare. 

Sea-sickness;  mal  di  mare. 

Seaside ;  riva  del  mare,  lido 
del  mare. 

Season  ;  i .  stagione.  2.  tempo 
opportuno.  3.  For  a  — ,  per 
un  tempo  ;  In  due  — ,  nel 
tempo  convenevole ;  Out  of 
— ,  intempestivo  ;  The  dull 
— ,  la  morta  stagione. 

4.  render  acconcio,  sta- 
gionare,  abituare,  acclimare. 
5.  condire.  6.  agguerrire. 


Seasonable ;  opportuno,  a  pro- 
posito,  acconcio. 

Seasoning;  condimento. 

Season-ticket ;  v.  Ticket  (2). 

Sea  swallow ;  v.  Tern. 

Seat;  i.  sedia,  sedile,  seggiola. 
2.  fondo  (di  calzoni  o  seg- 
giola). 3.  secle,  posto.  4. 
banco.  5.  dimora,  residen- 
za ;  Country  — ,  casa  di  cam- 
pagna,  villa.  6.  il  sedere. 
7.  Take  a  — ,  accomodarsi, 
sedersi;  Keep  one's — ,  (a)  re- 
stare  seduto,  (/')  restare  nella 
sella.  8.  Take  one's  — ,  en- 
trare  nel  Parlamento. 

9.  porre  a  sedere,  adagiare 
sopra  una  sedia.  10.  sta- 
bilire,  fissare.  n.  metier  il 
fondo  ad  una  sedia.  12.  Two 
— ed,  a  due  posti. 

Seating;  fondazione,  sopporto, 
impostatura,  seggiola. 

Sea-tossed ;  ballottato  dal 
mare. 

Sea-trip ;  viaggio  per  mare. 

Sea-trout ;  trota  salmonata. 

Sea-urchin;  echino. 

Sea-view ;  vista  del  mare. 

Sea-wall ;  diga,  riparo  contro  il 
mare. 

Seaward ;  verso  il  mare. 

Sea-water;  acqua  di  mare. 

Sea-water  fish ;  pesce  di 
mare. 

Seaweed ;  alga,  fuco. 

Seawing;  pinna. 

Seaworthy;  atto  al  mare. 

Sebaceous;  sebaceo. 

Secant ;  id. 

Secede ;  separarsi. 

Seclude;  separare.  — d,  riti- 
rato,  appartato. 

Seclusion ;  reclusione. 

Second ;  i.  secondo,  -minuto 
secondo.  2.  padrino.  3.  se- 
condo ;  —  thoughts,  secondi 
pensieri ;  On  —  thoughts, 
dopo  averci  ripensato.  4.  se- 
condare,  appoggiare,  spalleg- 
giare. 

Secondary;  id. 

Second-best ;   qualita  numero 

due.     Come  off ,  avere 

il  disotto. 

Secondly ;  in  secondo  luogo. 

Second-sight;  chiaroveggenza. 

Secrecy ;  segretezza. 

Secret ;  segreto.  Open  — ,  se- 
greto  conosciuto  da  tutti. 

Secretary;  i.  segretario.  t. 
scrivania. 

Secretaryship ;  segretariato. 

Secrete;  i.  nascondere.  2.  far 
secrezione  di,  separare. 

Secret  lock;  serratura  a  se- 
greto. 

Sect ;  setta. 

Sectarian;  settario. 

Section;  i.  sezione.  2.  spac- 
cato.  3.  (Stati  Uniti)  un 
miglio  quadrate. 

Sector ;  settore. 

Secular ;  secolare. 

Secure;  i.  sicuro,  certo.  2.  as- 
sicurare,  garantire.  3.  im- 
padronirsi  di.  4.  sbarrare, 
far  sicuro ;  Secured  by  or 
upon,  colla  ^aranzia  di,  assi- 
curato  su. 


Security;   i.  sicurta,  sicurezza. 

2.  mallcveria,  cauzione.   3.  in 

//.,  titoli,  valori. 
Sedan-chair;  portantina. 
Sedate ;  calmo,  posato. 
Sedative ;  id. 
Sedentary;  id. 
Sedge ;  sala,  carice. 
Sediment;  id.,  posatura. 
Sedition ;  id. 
Seduce;  sedurre. 
Sedulous;  assiduo. 
See;   i.  sedia.     2.  vedere;  Let 

me  — ,  vediamo  un  po'. 
See  about,  See  to ;  pensare  a. 
See  through ;    penetrare,  sco- 

prire   le    intenzioni    di,   non 

lasciarsi  ingannare  da. 
Seed ;    semenza.      Run   to   — , 

tallire. 

Seed-bed ;  semenzaio. 
Seed-cake ;    focaccia  di   seme 

d'  anice. 
Seedlings ;  pianticelle  nate  dal 

seme,  piantimi. 
Seedlip ;    vaso  di  semi  portato 

dal  seminatore. 
Seed-pearl;  perlettina. 
Seedsman;  semaio. 
Seedtime;  seminagione. 
Seedy;    i.   pieno  di  seme.     2. 

malato. 
Seedy-looking ;     i.    di    appa- 

renza   trista.      2.    usato,    lo- 

goro. 
Seeing;  i.  stante,  visto,  (che). 

2.  vista. 

Seek ;     cercare,    correr    dietro 

(alle  avventure). 
Seem  ;  parere,  sembrare. 
Seeming;  finto. 
Seemingly;  per  cio  che  pare. 
Seemly ;  convenevole,  dicevole. 
Seer;  profeta. 
Seesaw;   i.  altalena.     2.  don- 

dolarsi,    bilicarsi,  altalenare. 

3.  —  movement,  movimento 
su  e  giu. 

Seethe;  bollire,  lessare. 
Segment ;  id. 
Segregate;  id. 
Seigniorage;     r.    percentuale 

per  pagare  la  coniatura.     2. 

pagamento  del  libraio  all'  au- 

tore. 

Seine-net;  sagena. 
Seize;   i.  afferrare,  abbrancare, 

agguantare,  impadronirsi  di, 

impossessarsi  di.    2.  staggire. 

3.  legare. 

Seized  of;  in  possessione  di. 
Seizure;  i.  presa.     2.  accesso. 
Seldom ;  raramente,  rare  volte, 

di  rado. 
Select;     i.    scegliere.       2.    — 

few,  pochi  scelti. 
Selection;  scelta,  selezione. 
Self;  stesso. 

Self-acting;  automatico. 
Self-appointed;  istituito  da  se 

stesso. 
Self-centred ;  chi  non  riguatda 

cio  che  non  lo  tocca  personal- 

mente. 
Self-coloured ;  tutto  d'  un  co- 

lore. 
Self-command;  padronanzadi 

se. 
Self-conceit ;  alta  opinione  di 

se  stesso,  orgoglio  vanitoso. 


Cll 


SELF-CONFIDENCE—SET   GOING 


Self-confiden-ce  ;  fiducia  in 

se  stesso. 1,  sicuro  di 

se  stesso. 

Self-conscious ;  conscio  di  se 
stesso,  intento  all'  effetto  che 
si  fa  sopra  altrui. 

Self-contradictory;  che  con- 
tradice  a  se  stesso. 

Self-deceived;  ingannato  da  se 
stesso. 

Self-defence ;  difesa  propria. 

Self-denial ;  astinenza,  abne- 
gazione  di  se  stesso,  il  non 
contentare  le  proprie  voglie. 

Self-devotion  ;  sagrifizio  di  se 
stesso. 

Self-esteem  ;  amor  proprio. 

Self-governed ;  autonomo. 

Self-government;  Local  — , 
autonomia  amministrativa. 

Self-heal ;  prunella. 

Self-important ;  con  alta  opi- 
nions di  se  stesso,  borioso. 

Self-interest ;  interesse  pro- 
prio. 

Selfish  ;  egoista,  che  non  tien 
conto  fuor  del  proprio  in- 
teresse. 

Self-made ;  figlio  del  proprio 
lavoro,  fatto  da  se  stesso. 

Self-possessed ;  padrone  di  se 
stesso,  calmo. 

Self-reliance ;  fiducia  in  se 
stesso. 

Self-reliant ;  che  non  chiede 
altrui  aiuto. 

Self-respect ;  giusto  orgoglio. 

Selfsame ;  proprio  lo  stesso. 

Self-seeking;  egoista. 

Self-styled ;  sedicente. 

Self-sufficient ;  che  credesi 
competente  per  tutto  ci6  che 
gli  possa  accadere. 

Self-will;  caparbieta. 

Self-willed;  caparbio. 

Sell;  i.  inganno,  truffa,  cilecca. 
2.  vendere.esitare,  smerciare, 
spacciare,  alienate.  3.  Be 
sold,  trovarsi  deluso,  esser 
gabbato. 

Seller;  venditore. 

Selling ;  vendita,  esito,  spaccio. 

Seltzer-water ;  acqua  di  Seltz. 

Selvage  ;  vivagno,  cimossa. 

Semaphore;  semaforo. 

Semblance ;  apparenza. 

Semi-;  semi-,  mezzo. 

Semi-annual;  semestrale. 

Semi-barbarian  ;  mezzo  bar- 
baro. 

Semibreve;  id. 

Semicircle ;  semicircolo. 

Semicolon  ;  punto  e  virgola. 

Seminarist;  id. 

Seminary  ;  convitto. 

Semi-official;  ufficioso. 

Semiquaver;  semicroma. 

Semitone;  id. 

Semolina;  semolino. 

Sempstress ;  sarta. 

Senate;  senato. 

Send;    i.  mandare,  inviare.    2. 

—  away,   congedare,   licen- 
ziare.    3.  —  back,  rimandare, 
rinviare.     4.   —  for,  far  ve- 
nire, mandare  a  cercare.     5. 

—  forth,    lanciare,   mandar 
fuori,   emettere.      6.    —  in, 
consegnare,    presentare,    ri- 
mettere.     7.  —  off,  spedire, 


far  partire,  far  esplodere.  8. 
—  out,  distribuire,  emettere, 
far  uscire,  mandar  fuori  ;  — 
out  on  an  errand,  mandar  a 
far  una  corsa.  9.  —  up, 
servire  ;  —  — •  hot,  si  serva 
caldo ;  —  —  word,  far  sa- 
pere. 

Sender;  mandante,  speditore. 

Sending;  invio,  spedizione. 

Seneschal;  siniscalco. 

Senile,  Senility;  id. 

Senior;  i.  id.,  anziano.  :. 
piii  vecchio ;  He  is  ten  years 
my  — ,  egli  ha  dieci  anni  piii 
di  me ;  I  could  say  nothing 
as  he  was  my  —  officer,  non 
mi  fu  verso  di  parlare ;  es- 
sendo  lui  il  mio  superiore. 

Seniority;  i.  anzianita;  Pro- 
motion by  — ,  avanzamento 
per  anzianita.  2.  priorita  di 
nascita,  di  servizio. 

Senna ;  sena. 

Sennight ;  settimana. 

Sennit;  gaschetta. 

Sensation  ;  id ,  senso. 

Sensational ;  pieno  d'  incident! 
teatrale,  che  fa  effetto  tea- 
trale,  che  colpisce  la  mente, 
fa  viva  impressione. 

Sense  ;  i .  senno,  giudizio ;  Talk 
— ,  parlare  assennatamente. 
2.  sensazione,  senso.  3.  si- 
gnificato.  4.  Common  — , 
senso  comune ;  Come  to  one's 
— s,  rientrare  in  se ;  Make 
— ,  far  senso,  esser  intelligi- 
bile. 

Senseless  ;  i .  insensibile.  i. 
sciocco,  insensato.  3.  senza 
significato. 

Senselessness ;  stupidita. 

Sensibility;  id. 

Sensible;  i.  id.  2.  savio, 
assennato.  3.  Be  —  of, 
riconoscere,  capire. 

Sensibly;  i.  sensibilmente.  2. 
saviamente,  assennatamente. 

Sensitive ;  id.  —  plant,  sensi- 
tiva. 

Sensual ;  id. 

Sentence;  i.  frase,  periodo. 
2.  sentenza.  3.  sentenziare. 

Sententious;  /'</.,  laconico,  e- 
spressivo. 

Sentient;  senziente. 

Sentiment;  id. 

Sentimentalist ;  persona  senti- 
mentale. 

Sentinel,  Sentry;  sentinella. 
Stand  — ,  esser  di  guardia. 

Sentry-box;  garetta. 

Separate;  id. 

Sepia ;  nero  di  seppia,  color 
seppia.  —  drawing,  disegno 
in  seppia. 

Sepoy ;  cipai. 

September;  settembre. 

Septet;  settetto. 

Septuagesima;  settuagesima. 

Septuagint ;  settuaginta. 

Sepulchre;  sepolcro. 

Sepulture ;  seppellimento. 

Sequel;  id.,  seguito. 

Sequence ;  seguenza,  succes- 
sione. 

Sequestered ;  appartato,  romi- 
to. 

Sequestrate;  staggire. 


Sequin ;  zecchino. 

Seraglio ;  serraglio. 

Seraph;  serafino. 

Seraskier;  seraschiere. 

Sere ;  secco,  adusto. 

Serenade  ;  i.  serenata.  2.  dare 
delle  serenate  a. 

Serene ;  id. 

Serf;  servo  clella  gleba. 

Serfdom ;  schiavitu. 

Serge ;  rascia,  saia. 

Sergeant ;  i.  sergente.  2. 
dottore  di  legge. 

Sergeant-at-arms ;  usciere 
(della  Casa  dei  Comuni). 

Serial;  i.  opera  pubblicata  a 
fascicoli.  2.  appartenente  ad 
una  serie. 

Seriatim ;  per  serie,  regolar- 
mente. 

Series ;  serie. 

Seriocomic ;  eroicomico. 

Serious;  serio. 

Serjeant ;  v.   Sergeant. 

Sermon;  id. ,  predica. 

Sermonise ;  sermoneggiare. 

Serous ;  seroso. 

Serpent ;  serpe.  Large  — , 
serpente. 

Serpentine;  id. 

Serrated ;  dentato  (a  foggia  di 
sega). 

Serried ;  serrato. 

Serum ;  siero. 

Servant ;  domestico,  fante,  ser- 
vo, servitore.  Your  obedient 
— ,  II  suo  servitore  umilissi- 
mo. 

Servant-girl ;  fantesca,  serva. 

Servants'  hall ;  sala  dei  dome- 
stic). 

Serve ;  i.  servire,  assistere, 
agire  (da),  tener  luogo  (di). 
2.  giuocare  (un  tiro).  3. 
mandare  (palla).  4.  portare 
(vivande)  in  tavola,  apparec- 
chiare.  5.  fare  (noviziato). 
f).  eseguire  (mandato  legale). 

7.  manovrare  (una  pompa). 

8.  —  one's  time,  fare  il  suo 
tempo  (nell'  esercito  o  come 
apprendista) ;    —   out   one's 
time,  finire  il  suo  tempo.    9. 

—  out,    (a)   distribuire,    (i>) 
vindicarsi  di,  pagare ;  I  will 

—  him  out,  me  la  paghera ! 
10.   —  him  right,  ha  ci6  che 
ha  meritato  !      1 1.   —  one's 
turn,  essere  bastante,  bastare. 
n.  —  notice  upon,  intimate 
a,  notificare. 

Server;  mandatore. 

Service;   i.  servizio.     2.  ufficio 

divino.       3.     beneficio.      4. 

impiego.     5.   vantaggio.     6. 

notificazione  legale.     7.  ser- 

vito,  vasellame.      8.   Out  of 

— ,  senza  impiego;  Go  into 

— ,  entrare   in   servizio.     9. 

Secret  —  money,  fondi  se- 

greti. 

Serviceable ;  giovevole. 
Service-berry,   -tree;   sorb-a, 

-o. 

Servile,  Servitor ;  id. 
Servitude;    i.    schiavitu.      2. 

servaggio,  servitu. 
Sesame;  sesamo. 
Sessile;  id. 
Session ;  id.     — s,  assise. 


Set;  i.  assortimento,  arredo. 
2.  circolo,  crocchio,  cricca, 
combriccola.  3.  collezione. 
4.  servizio  (te  ecc. ).  5.  —  of 
teeth,  dentatura.  6.  partita 
(al  giuoco).  7.  pollone,  bar- 
batella.  8.  filza,  filastrocca. 
9.  —  of  books,  impianto 
scritturale ;  —  of  buttons, 
guarnizione  di  bottoni ;  • 
of  diamonds,  guarnimento  di 
diamanti.  10.  Make  a  dead 

—  at,  combinare  un  fiero  at- 
tacco  contro. 

n.  formale(battaglia),  fissa 
(ora),  regolato  (paste),  fisso 
(prezzo),  ferma  (risoluzione), 
studiato  (discorso).  12.  presa 
(calcina),  rappresa  (gelatina) , 
allegato  (frutto). 

13.  mettere,  collocate.  14. 
rimettere  (osso).  15.  affilare 
(rasoio).  16.  regolate  (oro- 
logio).  17.  assegnare  (le- 
zione).  18.  dare  (esempio). 
19.  stimare  (valore  di).  20. 
incastonare.  2 1 .  tendere  (lac- 
cio),  mettere  (trappola),  mac- 
chinare  (insidia).  22.  far 
covare  (gallina).  23.  com- 
porre  (tipi).  24.  spiegare 
(vela).  25.  — ,  of  a  current, 
portare. 

Set  about ;  mettersi  a,  porsi 
a.  I  hardly  know  how  to 

it,  non  so  troppo  come 

fare  per  fatla.     He it 

in  a  half-hearted  sort  of  way, 
vi  si  pose  senza  troppa  buona 
voglia. 

Set  against;  i.  v.  Set  off.  2. 
ispirare  con  mala  voglia  per ; 
Be  —  — ,  essersi  ostinato 
contro,  aver  mala  voglia  per. 

Set  apart ;  apparlare. 

Set  ashore  ;  sbarcare,  mettere 
a  terra. 

Set   aside;    i.    appartare;     — 

—  for  future  use,  metier  da 
parte    per    usarsi   dopo.     2. 
rigettare,  svestirsidi,scartare; 
Setting    all    that    aside,    la- 
sciando  stare  tutto  cio. 

Set  at ;  i.  mettere  a.  2.  aiz- 
zare  a.  3.  —  —  defiance, 
sfidare.  4.  —  —  nought, 

disprezzare.  5. rest,  (a) 

tranquillizzare,  (A)  determi- 
nate per  sempre  (questione). 

Set  back;  i.  arresto,  regresso. 
2.  rimuovere,  indietro,  in- 
dietreggiare. 

Set  by ;  risparmiare. 

Set  down  ;  i.  deporre,  metier 
giu,  lasciar  scendere;  Car- 
riages will in  B  street, 

si  scende  da  carrozza  in  via 
B.  2.  scrivere,  mettere  in 
iscritto.  3.  considerate 
(come),  prendere  (per).  4. 

— again,  rimettere  (sulla 

tavola,  in  terra).  5.  umi- 
liare,  abbassare. 

Set  forth ;  v.  Set  out. 

Set  forward  :  i.  spinta  avanti. 
2.  rimuovere  piii  in  avanti. 

Set  going;  r.  mettere  in  piedi, 
avviare.  2.  far  marciare 

(macchina).  3. again, 

rimettere  in  marcia. 


SET    HAND   TO— SHEERS 


Set  hand  to;  i.  sottoscrivere. 

2.  metier  mano  a. 

Set  in;  i.  rasserenarsi  o  rab- 

buiarsi,  per  bene.  2. 

order,  riordinare. 

Set  off;  i.  compenso,  risar- 
cimento.  2.  metier  in  com- 
penso (a) ;  —  —  gains 
against  losses,  metier  i  gua- 
dagni  in  confronto  alle  per- 
dite.  3.  partire.  4.  far 
valere,  fare  spiccare,  dar 
risalto  a. 

Set  on  ;  i.  aizzare.  2.  • 

fire,  incendiare,  dar  fuoco  a. 

3.  —     —     foot,     v.     Set 
going. 

Set  out;  i.  faccenda;  What  a 

!  che  bell'  affare  !  2. 

partire.  3.  cominciare.  4. 
spiegare,  dichiarare,  metier 
in  ordine.  5.  apparecchiare. 

Set  over ;  incaricare  di,  dare 
per  padrone. 

Set  terms ;  In ,  In  good 

—  — ,  chiarissimamente,  in 
termini  da  non  frainlendersi, 
a  lante  di  lettere. 

Set  to;  i.  batlaglia  campale, 
accapigliamento,  zuffa.  2. 
il  mettersi  a  lavorare  ben 
bene.  3.  —  • —  music,  met- 
tere  in  musica.  4.  —  — 
rights,  raddirizzare,  rimetter 
in  ordine.  5.  —  —  work, 

(a)  mellersi    al    lavoro,    a 
lavorare,  (b)  dare  a  lavorare 
a,  far  lavorare. 

Set  up ;  i.  stabilire.  2.  fare 
la  fortuna  di.  3.  esaltare. 

4.  alzare.    J.  metier  in  piede 
(p.  e.    carrozza).      6.    —    — 
for,  spacciarsi  o  darsi  per,  at- 

leggiarsi  a  esser.     7. 

again,  ristabilire  (salute,  for- 
tuna).    8.  Well ,  ben 

fatlo. 

Seton  ;  setone. 

Settee  ;  canape. 

Setter  ;•  cane  da  punta. 

Setting;  I.  tramonto.  2. 
posa,  collocamento.  3.  in- 
telaiatura,  messa  in  iscena. 
4.  presa,  coagulazione. 

Setting-stick;  compositoio. 

Settle;  i.  fissare,  stabilire, 
determinare.  2.  deter- 
minarsi.  3.  assicurare,  as- 
segnare.  4.  conciliare, 
comporre,  decidere.  5. 
lasciar  posare.  6.  cadere; 
-  to  the  bottom,  cadere  a 
fondo.  7.  Get  — d,  (a)  sis- 
temarsi  (per  malrimonio), 
trovar  domicilio  permanente, 

(b)  rasserenarsi  (lempo).     8. 
saldare;     —  accounts  with, 
regolare    i    conti    con.      9. 
posarsi  (uccello).      10.    colo- 
nizzare,  popolare.     n.  redi- 
gere,    stendere    (alto).      12. 
cedere(terreno,  edifizio).   13. 
insediare. 

Settle  down;  i.  stanziarsi, 
accasarsi.  2.  calmarsi.  3. 
sommergersi;  —  —  hy  the 
head,  stern,  impruarsi,  im- 
popparsi. 

Settle  in  ;  prender  possesso  (di 
nuova  casa). 


Settle    up ;    appagarsi   mutua- 

mente,  saldare  il  debito. 
Settled;   i.  saldato.     2.  sereno, 

calmo.     3.     —    habil,    abi- 

tudine  fissa,  inalterabile. 
Settlement;  i . accomodamento, 

accordo.       2.     colonia.       3. 

insediamento.      4.    contrad- 

dole.     5.   saldamento,   rego- 

lamento,     liquidazione.      6. 

posatura.     7.    cedimenlo  (di 

lerreno,  edifizio).     8.  Acl  of 

— ,   atto    di   successione   (al 

trono  inglese).     9.  domicilio 

legale. 

Settler ;  colono. 
Settling-day;  giorno  di  liqui- 
dazione. 
Seven  ;  sette. 
Seventeen  ;  diciassette. 
Seventeenth ;    diciassettesimo, 

dieciseltimo. 
Seventy;  settanta. 
Sever;  separare,   staccare.     — 

(connection),  tagliare. 
Several;      i.      parecchio.       2. 

particolare. 
Severally ;         individuamente. 

As     they     —     wish,     come 

ciascuno  desidera. 
Severance ;    separazione,    dis- 

giunzione. 

Sever-e,  -ely,  -ity;  id. 
Sew;  cucire. 
Sewer;      i.     cuci-tore,     -trice. 

2.  fogna. 

Sewerage;  fognatura. 
Sewing-cotton;     cotone     da 

cucire. 
Sewing-machine ;     macchina 

da  cucire. 
Sex;  sesso. 

Sexagesima;  sessagesima. 
Sextant ;  seslante. 
Sexton;      i.     beccamorti.      2. 

sagrestano. 
Sexual ;  sessuale. 
Shabby;      i.     logoro,     frusto, 

spelato.        2.      gretlo.        3. 

sciamannato,  stracciato, 

cencioso. 
Shackle;     i.    maniglia,    mani- 

glione ;    —    bolt,    perno   di 

maniglione.     2.  incatenare. 
Shad ;  cheppia,  alosa. 
Shaddock;  pampelimosa. 
Shade;    i.    ombra.     2.    para- 

lume.       3.      sfumatura.      4. 

tantino.     5.   — s,  cantinetta. 

6.    uggia.     7.    ombreggiare. 

8.      Throw     into     the     — , 

eclissare. 
Shadow;  i.  ombra.    2.  seguire 

di   soppiatlo.     3.    —   forth, 

adombrare. 
Shadowy ;      incerlo,      oscuro, 

chimerico. 
Shady;    i.    ombreggiato,    om- 

broso.     2.  sospetlo,  tristo. 
Shaft;     r.    freccia,   saelta.     2. 

asta,  asse,  albero,  fusto.     3. 

rocca,     gola,     fumaiolo    (di 

camino).     4.  timone,  stanga. 

5.  asticciuola  (di  penna).    6. 

pozzo  (di  miniera).     7.  stag- 

gio   (di   scala  a  piuoli).     8. 

susta  (di  occhiali). 
Shag;  caporale. 
Shaggy;  ispido,  irsulo. 
Shagreen ;  zigrino,  sagrl. 


Shah ;  scia. 

Shake;  i.  fessura  (di  legno). 
2.  dimenare,  agilare,  ten- 
tennare,  scuotere.  3.  strin- 
gere  (mano).  4.  crollare, 
far  crollare.  5.  trillare.  6. 
No  great  — s,  cosa  non  niolto 
grande,  niente  di  molto. 

Shake  down;  i.  letto  improv- 
visato.  2.  far  cadere  (agi- 
lando). 

Shake  off;  liberarsi  di,  sbar- 
ruzzarsi  di. 

Shake  out;  i.  Be  — n  out,  il 
ritirarsi  dei  meno  forti.  2. 
spolverare,  spianare  le  pieghe 
(scotendo  colle  mani),  scuo- 
tere ben  bene.  3.  mollare 
(terzerolo). 

Shake  up;  stimolare,  risvegli- 
are  (uno,  scotendolo),  scuo- 
tere qua  e  la. 

Shakespearian ;  sciaksperiano. 

Shako;  chepi. 

Shaky ;  malfermo. 

Shale ;  argilla  schistosa. 

Shallop ;  barchetta. 

Shallot ;  scalogno. 

Shallow;  i.  basso  fondo.  2. 
poco  profondo.  3.  —  mind, 
spirito  superficiale. 

Shallow-brained ;  poco  abile, 
scervellato. 

Shallowness ;  poca  profon- 
dita. 

Sham;  i.  finta,  imitazione. 
2.  finto.  3.  far  visla  di 
essere,  simulare,  conlraf- 
fare. 

Shamble  along ;  trascinarsi 
avanti,  muoversi  goffamente. 

Shambles;  ammazzatoio. 

Shambling ;  goffo,  malfermo, 
strascicante. 

Shame ;  i.  onta,  vergogna. 
2.  svergognare;  —  into  tel- 
ling the  truth,  far  dire  il 
vero  per  vergogna. 

Shamefaced ;  vergognoso. 

Shameful;  vergognoso, infame, 
disonesto. 

Shameless ;  svergognato,  spac- 
cialo,  sfrontato. 

Shamlessness ;  sfacciataggine. 

Shammer ;  impostore. 

Shammy-leather;  pelledica- 
moscio. 

Shampoo;  i.  lavare  (capelli). 
2.  frizionare  alia  turca,  fare 
il  massaggio  a. 

Shampooer;  chi  fa  il  massag- 
gio. 

Shampooing;  i.  massaggio. 
2.  lavata  (dei  capelli). 

Shamrock;  trifoglio  (di  specie 
incerta)  adottatoper  emblema 
irlandese. 

Shandrydan ;  carro  irlandese. 

Shank;  i.  gamba.  2.  fusto, 
gambo. 

Shank-bone  ;  osso  cannone. 

Shanty;  baracca,  capanna. 

Shape  ;  i .  foggia,  forma ;  Out 
of  — ,  sformato.  2.  (cook. ) 
sformato.  3.  (mar.)  —  one's 
course,  fare  rotta. 

Shapeless;  informe. 

Shapely;  ben  fatto,  di  bella 
forma. 

Shard;  i.  coccio.     2.  elitra. 


Share ;      i.     parte,    porrione. 

1.  azione.      3.    Fall  to  my 
— ,  toccare  a  me.     4.   spar- 
tire.     5.  partecipare.     6.  — 
in,  aver  parte  in. 

Shareholder;  azionista. 
Shark;   i.  pesce  cane,  squalo, 

carcarodonte.     2.  scroccone. 
Sharp;    i.    acuto,    aguzzo,   ta- 

gliente,  affilato.     2.  mordace 

piccante,   aspro,  vivace.     3. 

astuto,  accosto.   4.  disoneslo. 

5.    Look  — ,  all'  erla!  sbri- 

gatevi.     6.  biqquadro. 
Sharpen ;  aguzzare,  affilare. 
Sharpener ;  acciaiolo. 
Sharper;    scroccone,    cavaliere 

d'  induslria. 
Sharp  practice;  procedimento 

poco  onesto. 
Sharp-set ;  affamato. 
Sharpshooter;  cacciatore,  ber- 

sagliere. 

Sharpsighted ;  di  vista  acuta. 
Sharpwitted ;     d'   ingegno  a- 

cuto. 

Shatter;  fracassare. 
Shave;    i.  avvicinamento.     2. 

rasare,  far  la  barba  a.   3.  ton- 

surare.     4.  spennare  (un  in- 

nocenle).     5.  —  past,  rasen- 

tare.     6.    Have  a  near  — , 

scapparla  bella. 
Shaving-brush ;    spazzola  da 

barba. 

Shavings;  trucioli. 
Shawl ;  sciallo. 
She  ;  ella,  essa,  lei. 
Sheaf;    i.  covone.     2.   fascio. 
Shear;  i.  — (of  a  ship), Stella, 

forma.      2.    — s,  cesoie.      3. 

tosare. 
Shearing-strain;  sforzodice- 

soiamenlo. 
Shearwater;  berta. 
Sheat fish ;  siluro. 
Sheath ;     i.     guaina,    fodero. 

2.  mettere  nel  fodero.    3.  fo- 
derare  (bastimenlo). 

Sheathing ;  foderatura,  addop- 

piatura. 
Sheave ;     puleggia     (di     boz- 

zello). 
Sheave -hole;  boccame,  incavo 

delle  pulegge,  occhio  di  un 

bozzello. 
Shed;    i.   rimessa,  tetloia.     2. 

versare,  spandere.      3.    spo- 

gliarsi  di,  perdere. 
Sheen ;  splendore,  lustro. 
Sheep ;  pecora.    Cast  — 's  eyes 

at,  guardare  soil"  occhio. 
Sheep-dog ;  cane  da  pastore. 
Sheep-fold ;  ovile. 
Sheepish;  sciocco,  vergognoso. 
Sheepishness ;  pecoraggine. 
Sheepshank ;    margherita  (no- 
do). 

Sheep-skin ;  pelle  di  pecora. 
Sheer;    i.  insellamento  (di  un 

ponte),    centinato    (di    una 

nave).     2.    puro,   mero.     3. 

affatto;    —   down,    vertical- 

mente  giu.     4.  —  off,  allar- 

garsi. 

Sheer-hulk ;  pontone  a  biga. 
Sheer-leg ;  albero  di  biga. 
Sheer-rail ;    listone  del   para- 

sartie. 
Sheers;  biga. 


CIV 


SHEET— SHOULDER 


Sheet;  i.  lenzuolo.  2.  foglio. 
3.  lastra.  4.  —  of  water, 
specchio  d'  acqua  ;  -  -  of 
flame,  fiammata.  5.  scot- 
ta. 

Sheet-anchor;  ancora  di  para- 
sartie. 

Sheeting ;  tela  da  lenzuola. 

Sheet-iron;  latta. 

Sheet-lightning;  lampi  di 
caldo. 

Sheet-tin ;  stagno  battuto. 

Sheik ;  sceicco. 

Shekel ;  siclo. 

Sheldrake ;  casarca,  volpoca. 

Shelf;  i.  asso,  palchetto.  2.  in 
pi.,  scaffali,  scansie,  3.  roc- 
cia,  scogliera.  4.  Be  laid  on 
the  — ,  andare  in  riposo, 
esser  messo  in  riposo. 

Shell;  i.  guscio.  2.  nicchio, 
nicchia,  conchiglia,  conca. 
3.  ossatura  (casa).  4.  cassa, 
involucro.  5.  granata.  6. 
scafo.  7.  bara,  cataletto, 
cassa.  8.  sgusciare,  sbaccel- 
lare,  sgranare.  9.  bombar- 
dare. 

Shellac ;  lacca  piatta. 

Shell-fish ;  conchiglia. 

Shell-jacket;  dolmano. 

Shell  out ;  sborsare. 

Shell-proof;  a  prova  di  bom- 
ba. 

Shell-work;  lavoro  in  conchi- 
glie. 

Shelter;  i.  coperto,  asilo,  ri- 
fugio.ricovero.  2.  proteggere, 
dar  ricovero  a.  3.  mettersi  a 
coperto,  ricoverarsi. 

Shelve;  i.  esser  in  pendio. 
j.  mettere  in  riposo,  metier 
da  parte. 

Shelving ;  declive. 

Shepherd  ;  pastore,  pecoraio. 

Shepherdess ;  pastorella. 

Shepherd's  crook;  vincastro. 

Shepherd's  pipe ;  zufolo. 

Shepherd's  purse ;  borsa  da 
pastore. 

Sherbet ;  sorbetto. 

Sheriff;  sceriffo. 

Sherry ;  vino  di  Xeres. 

Shew ;  v.  Show. 

Shibboleth;  scibbolet.yff.  pie- 
tra  di  paragone. 

Shield;  i.  scudo.  2.  stemma. 
3.  proteggere,  schermire. 

Shift;  i.  mezzo,  spediente ; 
Make  — ,  v.  Manage  (4). 
i.  Day,  Night  — ,  quei  che 
lavorano  il  giorno,  la  notte. 
3.  camicia.  4.  cambiare. 
5.  spostarsi  (carico),  girare, 
saltare  (vento).  6.  —  for 
oneself,  guadagnare  la  pro- 
pria  vita,  catnpare  senza 
altrui  aiuto. 

Shifting-boards;  paratie  vo- 
lanti  per  il  carico,  tramezzi, 
tavoloni  da  stivaggio. 

Shiftless;  v.  Helpless  (2). 

Shifty;  i.  poco  stabile,  2. 
scaltro,  astuto,  da  non 
fidarsi. 

Shikaree;  cacciatore  (in  In- 
dia). 

Shillelagh ;  randello  (in  Ir- 
landa). 

Shilling;  scellino. 


Shilly-shally ;     esitare,    stare 

tentennando,  gingillarsi. 
Shimmer;  luce  tremolante. 
Shin;  i.  stinco.  2.  garretto. 

3.  stincata.       4.    dare   una 
pedata  sugli  stinchi. 

Shindy;  rissa  chiassosa.  Kick 
up  a  — ,  far  chiasso. 

Shine;  i.  rilucere,  rifulgere, 
risplendere,  luccicare ;  The 
sun  — s  in  here  all  the  morn- 
ing, c'  e  sole  qui  tutta  la 
mattina.  2.  distinguersi,  bril- 
lare.  3.  Take  the  —  out 
of,  eclissare,  fare  scomparire. 

4.  (gergo)   chiasso,   agitazi- 
one. 

Shingle ;     i .    ghiaia,    ciottoli. 

2.  assicella  (di  quercio,  per 
un    tetto).       3.    — s,   erpete 
zonario. 

Shingly ;  coperto  di  ciottoli . 

Shiny;  rilucente,  v.  Shine  (i). 

Ship;  i.  nave,  vascello,  basti- 
mento.  2.  imbarcare,  met- 
ter  a  bordo,  prender  a  bordo ; 
—  a  heavy  sea,  imbarcare 
un'  ondata.  3.  spedire  per 
mare.  4.  montare  (elica, 
timone). 

Ship-biscuit ;  biscotto  di  mare. 

Ship-board;  bordo. 

Ship-broker;  sensale  marit- 
timo. 

Ship-builder;  costruttore  na- 
vale. 

Ship-chandler;  provveditore 
navale. 

Ship-load;  carico  d'  un  basti- 
mento. 

Shipmate ;  compagno  di  bor- 
do. 

Ship-owner;  armatore. 

Shipper;  spedizioniere. 

Shipping ;  1'  insieme  delle  navi 
che  si  trovano  in  un  porto  ; 
tutto  ci6  che  si  riferisce  alia 
marina  mercantile.  —  af- 
fairs, affari  marittimi. 

Ship-rigged ;  attrezzato  a 
nave. 

Shipshape  ;  in  buon  assetto. 

Ship's  husband;  agente  del 
bastimento. 

Ship's  papers ;  carte  di  bordo. 

Shipwreck;  naufragio. 

Shipwright ;  costruttore  na- 
vale. 

Shipyard ;  cantiere  di  costru- 
zioni  navali. 

Shire ;  contea,  nel  //.  special- 
mente  le  contee  centrali 
dell'  Inghilterra. 

Shirk;  salare,  sottrarsi. 

Shirker ;  scansafatiche,  sbuc- 
cione. 

Shirt;  camicia. 

Shirt-collar;  collo  di  camicia. 

Shirt-front;  pettino. 

Shirting ;  tela  di  cotone  per 
camicia. 

Shirt-maker;  camiciaio. 

Shirt-sleeve ;  manica  di  ca- 
micia. 

Shiver;  i.  brivido.  2.  rab- 
brividire,  tremare  di  freddo. 

3.  fileggiare.    4.  frantumare, 
spezzare. 

Shoal ;  j .  banco,  basso  fondo. 
2.  poco  profondo. 


Shock;  i.  cozzo,  urto,  scossa. 
2.  covone.  3.  oflendere,  ur- 
tare.  4.  far  i  covoni. 

Shocking  ;  orrido,  ributtante, 
spaventevole.  What  a  — 
story !  che  menzogna  sfac- 
ciata  ! 

Shod ;  calzato,  ferrato. 

Shoddy;  i.  panno  fatto  di 
shlacciature  rimacinate,  ro- 
baccia.  2.  stracco,  di  scarto, 
inferiore. 

Shoe  ;  i .  scarpa,  calzatura  ; 
Wooden  — ,  zoccolo.  2.  fer- 
ro.  3.  calzare,  mettere  le 
scarpe  a.  4.  ferrare  (ca- 
vallo). 

Shoe-black ;  lustrascarpe. 

Shoe-brush ;  spazzola  da 
scarpe. 

Shoe-horn ;  calzatoio. 

Shoe-lace ;  aghetto,  stringa. 

Shoemaker;  calzolaio. 

Shoe-trade ;  calzoleria. 

Shoot;  i.  rampollo,  pollone, 
germoglio.  2.  doccione,  get- 
tatoio,  condotto.  3.  mon- 
dezzaio.  4.  puntura  (di 
dolore). 

5.  tirare,  far  fuoco,  lan- 
ciare  (saetta).  6.  fucilare. 
7.  scaricare,  gettare.  8.  an- 
dare alia  caccia,  cacciare. 
9.  colpire ;  He  was  shot  in 
the  arm,  fu  colpito  nel  brac- 
cio.  10.  germogliare.  n. 
— ing,  lancinante. 

Shoot  across;  lanciarsi  attra- 
verso. 

Shoot  ahead ;  lanciarsi  in- 
nanzi. 

Shoot  ahead  of;  passare,  sor- 
passare. 

Shoot  by;  passare  rapidamente, 
a  un  tratto. 

Shoot  off;  j.  sparare.  2.  get- 
tare  dalla  sell. i. 

Shoot  out ;  gettar  fuori,  cacciar 
fuori. 

Shoot  up ;  crescere,  pullulare, 
svilupparsi. 

Shooter;  cacciatore. 

Shooting-boots ;  stivali  da  cac- 
cia. 

Shooting-box  ;  paviglione  da 
caccia. 

Shooting-club ;  circolo  di  tiro. 

Shooting-coat;  cacciatora, abi- 
to  da  caccia. 

Shooting-gallery;  tiro,  locale 
del  tiro. 

Shooting-ground;  i.  terreno 
riservato  alia  caccia,  terreno 
della  caccia.  2.  balipedio. 

Shooting  licence ;  permesso  di 
caccia. 

Shooting-match  ;  gara  di  tiro. 

Shooting-party;  partita  di  cac- 
cia. 

Shooting-pocket ;  carniera. 

Shooting-season;  stagione 
della  caccia. 

Shooting  star ;  stella  cadente. 

Shooting-stick;  bietta. 

Shooting-suit ;  abito  completo 
da  caccia. 

Shop;  i.  bottega,  inagazzino, 
fondaco,  negozio.  2.  lavora- 
torio.  3.  far  compre,  correre 
per  i  magazzini. 


Shop-boy ;  fattorino  (di  bot- 
tega). 

Shopkeeper ;  negoziante. 

Shopman ;  bottegaio. 

Shopwoman ;  bottegaia. 

Shore;  i.  spiaggia,  lido.  ^. 
—  up,  puntellare. 

Short ;  i.  breve,  corto.  2. 
basso,  piccolo.  3.  insuffi- 
ciente.  4.  succinto.  5.  — 
of,  (a)  meno  di,  al  di  sotto 
di,  (i>)  senza ;  Run  —  of, 
non  aver  piu.  6.  friabile, 
fragile.  7.  —  measure,  al 
di  sotto  della  giusta  misura. 

8.  a  onde  corte,  irregolari. 

9.  — s,  brache  corte.     10.  In 
— ,  per  farla  breve,  in  breve. 
n.    Fall    — ,   (a)    mancare, 
restare  al  di  sotto  della  pro- 
messa,  {/>)  non  arrivare,  non 
giungere  al  segno.     12.  Cut 
— ,  tagliar  corto,  tagliar   la 
parola  a.      13.   Stop  — ,  ar- 
restarsi  ad  un  tratto,  di  colpo. 
14.  Turn  —  round,  rasentare 
girando,  voltare  a  secco. 

Shortage ;  deficenza. 
Shortbread ;  pasta  frolla. 
Shortcomings  ;    manchevolez- 

ze. 

Short  cut ;  scorciatoia. 
Short-dated;  a  breve  scadenza. 
Short  delivery ;  resa  in  meno. 
Shorten ;     raccorciare,    abbre- 

viare. 
Short-haired ;     dai     cappelli 

corti. 

Shorthand;  stenografia. 
Shorthanded ;  col  numero  del 

personate   ridotto,    senza    il 

dovuto  personale. 
Shorthand-writer;  stenografo. 
Shorthorn;  nome  di  razza  bo- 

vina  a.  corna  corte. 
Short-lived;  a  breve  durata. 
Shortly;    i.   in   poche  parole. 

2.  fra  breve  tempo,  fra  poco. 

3.  —  after,  non  molto  dopo. 
Shortness ;   v.  Short.        -   of 

breath,  bolsaggine.  —  of 
stature,  piccolezza. 

Short  sight ;  vista  corta. 

Short-sighted;  i.  miope.  2. 
imprevidente,  di  corta  vista. 

Short-tempered;  irascibile. 

Short-winded;  bolso. 

Short-witted  ;  con  cervello  li- 
mitato. 

Short  work ;  Make  —  —  of, 
finirla  subito. 

Shot;  i.  colpo,  sparo.  2.  pal- 
lino,  pallottola  ;  Buck  — , 
goccioloni,  pallinacci.  3. 
Good,  Bad  — ,  buono,  cattivo, 
tiratore.  4.  indovinamento, 
congettura  ;  You  have  made 
a  good  — ,  1'  avete  indovinata 
quasi  giusta.  5.  scarica.  6. 
cangiante  (stoffa). 

Shot-gun  ;  fucile  da  pallini. 

Shot-proof;  a  prova  di  palla. 

Shotted  ;  caricato  a  palla. 

Shot-tower;  torre  per  la  fab- 
brica  dei  pallini. 

Should;  dovere. 

Shoulder;  i.  spalla.  2.  in- 
dossare,  prendere  sulle  spalle. 
3.  —  one's  way,  farsi  largo 
colle  spalle.  4.  Give  the 


SHOULDER-BELT—SILTING   UP 


cv 


cold  —  to,  mostrarsi  indiffe- 

rente   a,    respingere    fredda- 

mente. 

Shoulder-belt ;  bandoliera. 
Shoulder-blade ;  scapola,  pa- 

letta. 
Shoulder-knot ;     nodo    sulla 

spalla. 
Shout;   i.  grido  forte,     2.  gri- 

dare  ad  alta  voce. 
Shove;   i.  spinta.     2.  spingere. 
Shove    away ;    allontanare    a 

spinte. 

Shove  back ;  respingere. 
Shove    down ;    far   andar   giu 

per  forza,  spingere  abbasso. 
Shove  off ;  spingere  dalla  riva. 
Shovel;  i.  pala.  2.  spalare, 

gettare  colla  pala. 
Shovel-full;  palata. 
Shovel-hat ;  nicchio. 
Shoveller  duck ;  mestolone. 
Show ;    i.    mostra,   spettacolo. 

2.  sembianza,  apparenza.     3. 

parata,  fasto.    4.  — of  hands, 

voto  a  mano  levata.     5.  mo- 

strare,  manifestare,  far  vedere. 

6.    provare,  dimostrare.      7. 

mettere  in   mostra,  esporre. 

8.  —  up,  (a)  metter  a  nudo, 

sventare,    (6)    far   salire,   (c) 

far  risaltare. 
Show-bread  ;    pane  di  propo- 

sizione. 

Show-card ;  cartello. 
Show-case ;  mostra. 
Shower;  i.  acquata ;  Heavy — , 

acquazzone.    2.  —  down,  far 

piovere  (su),   mandar  giu  in 

abbondanza,  a  ufo. 
Shower-bath ;  doccia. 
Showery ;  piovoso. 
Showiness;  fasto,  colori  vivi, 

pompa. 
Showing;  By  his  own  — ,  per 

ci6  che  lui  stesso  ha  detto. 

On  this  — ,  se  e  cosl. 
Showy;  fastoso,  pomposo. 
Shred ;  i .  ritaglio,  brano,  pezzo, 

brindello.     2.  stracciare,  ta- 

gliuzzare,  sminuzzare. 
Shrew ;      pettegola,     santippe, 

megera. 
Shrewd;  i.  accorto,  sagace.   2. 

bello  (colpo). 
Shrewish ;  borbottone,  ritroso, 

bisbetico.       — ness,   cattivo 

umore,  cattivezza. 
Shrew-mouse ;  museragnolo. 
Shriek;  strillare,  v.  Scream. 
Shrievalty ;  uffizio  di  sciriffo. 
Shrift ;    assoluzione.      Give    a 

short  — ,  accordar  poco  tem- 
po per  confessarsi. 
Shrike;  velia. 
Shrill;  squillante,  acuto. 
Shrimp;   i.  granchiolino,  cran- 

gone.     2.  nano.    3.  —  sauce, 

salsa  con  granchiolini. 
Shrine ;  tomba  di  santo,  luogo 

santo,  tabernacolo. 
Shrink;  ritirare,  raccorciarsi.re- 

stringersi,  stringers!  il  cuore, 

rientrare. 
Shrinkage ;  scemamento,  con- 

trazione,  rientro. 
Shrive  ;  sentire  confessione  di, 

confessare. 
Shrivel;   i.  aggrinzare.    2.  rag- 

grinzarsi,  raccartocciarsi. 

H. 


Shroud;    i.    sudario,  lenzuolo 

mortario.     2.  — s,  sartie.    3. 

inviluppare. 
Shrove     Tuesday ;     Martedi 

grasso. 

Shrub;  arbusto. 
Shrubbery  ;  arbusti. 
Shrug;  restringersi(nellespalle). 
Shudder;  i.brivido.    i.  rabbri- 

vidire,  aver  i  brividi,  fremere. 
Shuffle;   i.  inganno,  equivoco. 

2.  andatura  trascinante.     3. 
trascinare   il    passo,    ciampi- 
care.     4.    mescolare  (carte). 
5.  cavarsi  (fuori)  alia  meglio, 
sottrarsi  (alia  promessa),  usar 
sotterfugi.   6.  —  out  of  sight, 
fare  sparire  senza  esser  osser- 
vato ;  —  away,  sgattaiolare. 

Shuffler;     i.     furbo,    persona 

cavillosa.     2.  chi  mescola  le 

carte. 
Shuffling ;  cavillo,  sotterfugio, 

furberia  ;  v.  Shuffle. 
Shun ;  scansare. 
Shunt ;   i.  derivazione  (elettri- 

cita).    2.  derivare.     3.  scam- 

biare    (sulla    ferrovia).       4. 

licenziare,  liberarsi  di. 
Shut;  chiudere. 
Shut  down;  smetter  1'  uso  di, 

non  metter  piu  in  marcia. 
Shut  in ;  rinchiudere. 
Shut  off;  intercettare. 
Shut  out ;  escludere. 
Shut  up ;  i .  tacere ;  Have  to  — 

— ,  esser  ridottoalsilenzio.  2. 

far  tacere,  ridurre  al  silenzio. 

3.  imprigionare.    4.  chiudere. 
Shutter;  i.  (inside — )  sportello, 
.     scnro.     i.    (outside   — )   im- 

posta.  3.  Venetian  — ,  per- 
siana.  4.  otturatore  (foto- 
grafia).  5.  barella. 

Shuttle  ;  spola. 

Shuttlecock;  volano. 

Shy;  i.  timido,  vergognosetto, 
schivo,  sospettoso.  2.  pigliar 
ombra.  3.  (gergo)  gettare, 
lanciare. 

Shyness ;  timidezza,  peritanza. 

Sibilant;  id. 

Sibyl;  sibilla. 

Siccative ;  disseccante. 

Sick;  i.  Feel — ,  sentire  nausea; 
Be  — ,  vomitare.  2.  —  at 
heart,  colla  morte  al  cuore, 
senza  spirito,  abbattuto.  3. 
—  of,  lasso  di.  4.  —  man, 
malato ;  —  child,  bambino 
malato. 

Sick-bed;  letto  d' infermo. 

Sick-berth  ;  infermeria. 

Sicken;  i.  nauseare,  disgustare. 
2.  ammalarsi. 

Sickening;  nauseabondo. 

Sick-fund  ;  cassa  dei  malati. 

Sick-headache ;  emicrania. 

Sickle ;  falcetto. 

Sick-leave  ;  congedo  per  ma- 
lattia. 

Sick-list ;  lista  degli  ammalati. 

Sickly;  i.  malaticcio,  poco 
sano,  cagionevole.  2.  insa- 
lubre,  malsano. 

Sickness;  i.  malattia.  j.  nau- 
sea ;  Sea  — ,  mal  di  mare. 

Side;  i.  lato,  canto,  banda, 
fianco;  —  of  bacon,  mezzana 
(di  maiale).  2.  di  profilo. 


3.  versante.  4.  partito,  parte ; 
Cricket  is  played  with  eleven 
a  side,  il  cricket  si  giuoca 
con  undici  per  parte.  5. 
Inner  — ,  interiore ;  Outer 
— ,  esteriore.  6.  (at  billiards) 
giro.  7.  (fig.}  affettazione, 
atteggiamento  o"  importanza. 
8.  —  with,  prendere  le  parti 
di,  tener  da.  9.  By  my  — , 
accanto,  vicino,  a  me ;  —  by 
— ,  1'  uno  allato  all'  altro ; 
By  the  —  of  the  road,  accanto 
alia  strada;  Ride  on  the  — 
of  the  road,  menare  il  cavallo 
sull'  orlo  della  strada.  10. 
Sway  from  —  to  — ,  bilan- 
ciare  da  una  parte  e  dall'  al- 
tra  ;  Pierce  from  —  to  side, 
passar  da  banda  a  banda. 
ii.  On  both  — s,  dalle  due 
parti ;  On  every  — ,  da  tutte 
le  parti ;  On  my  — ,  (a)  per 
me,  (b)  dalla  mia  parte,  (c) 
dalla  parte  verso  di  me  ;  On 
neither — ,  da  nessuna  parte; 
On  one  — ...on  the  other..., 
da  questa  parte. .  .da  quella. . . ; 
Lie  on  one's  — ,  coricarsi  sul 
fianco.  12.  Stand  on  its  — , 
metter  pel  suo  verso.  13. 
Right  —  of  a  stuff  dritto  ; 
Wrong  — ,  rovescio  Wrong 

—  out,  al  rovescio     Wrong 

—  up,  a  catafascio,  sossopra; 
This  —   up,  sopra   (su   una 
cassa).     14.   Hear  both  — s, 
udire  il  pro  e  il  contro.     15. 
On  the  other  —  of,  al  di  la 
di  (flume),  dall'  altra   parte 
di  (strada).     16.   Put  on  — , 

(a)  (at  billiards)  dare  il  giro, 

(b)  fare  il  grande,  lo  smar- 
giasso,  andar  tronfio. 

Side-arm ;  arme  bianca. 
Sideboard ;  credenza. 
Side-dish ;     principio,    primo 

piatto,  piatto  di  mezzo. 
Side-door ;  porta  laterale. 
Side-face;  profilo. 
Side-glance;  occhiata  obliqua. 
Sidelight ;     illustrazione    inci- 

dentale. 

Sidelong;  obliquo. 
Sidereal;  siderale. 
Sidesaddle ;  sella  da  donna. 
Sideshow ;  mostra  secondaria. 
Sideslip;   i.  sdrucciolata  (bici- 

cletta).     2.  prole  illegittima. 
Sidesman  ;    assistente-fabbric- 

ciere  d'  una  chiesa. 
Side-table ;     tavola    a    parte, 

consolle. 

Side-view ;  veduta  laterale. 
Side-walk;  marciapiede. 
Sideways;  a  traverso,  a  sghem- 

bo,  lateralmente. 
Side-wind;    i.   vento  pel  tra- 
verso.    2.  By  a  — ,  indiretta- 

mente. 

Siding ;  binario  accessorio. 
Sidle  up ;  venire  allato. 
Siege ;  assedio. 
Sienna ;  Burnt,  Raw  — ,  giallo 

di  Siena  adusto,  crudo. 
Siesta;  id. 

Sieve;  staccio,  crivello,  vaglio. 
Sift ;    i .    stacciare,    crivellare, 

vagliare.        i     scandagliare, 

esaminare,  discutere. 


Sifter;  v.  Sieve. 

Sigh;   i.  sospir-o.     2.  -are. 

Sight;  i.  vista,  spettacolo.  2. 
mira.  3.  By  — ,  di  vista. 
4.  scorgere. 

Sightless;  cieco. 

Sightly;  vistoso. 

Sign  ;  i.  segno,  indizio.  2. 
firmare,  sottoscrivere.  3.  far 
segno  a,  accennare  a. 

Signal;  i.  segnale.  2.  far 
segnali  a. 

Signal-box;  cabina dei  segnali. 

Signal-gun;  cannonata segnale. 

Signalise ;  segnalare. 

Signal-lamp  ;  lampada  da  se- 
gnali. 

Signaller,  Signal-man ;  se- 
gnalatore. 

Signal-post;  albero  da  segnali. 

Signal-station;  statione  di  se- 
gnali. 

Signatory;  firmatario. 

Signature;  firma. 

Sign-board;  insegna. 

Signet ;  suggello,  sigillo. 

Signet-ring;  anello  con  si- 
gillo. 

Significance;  id.,  senso,  im- 
portanza. 

Significant;  id.,  espressivo. 

Signify;  i.  id.,  esprimere.  2. 
importare  ;  Nothing  to  — , 
nulla  d'  importante. 

Sign-post ;  palo  per  insegna, 
palo  con  segno  di  direzione. 

Silence;  i.  silenzio.  2.  (a)  far 
tacere,  (b)  spegnere  il  fuoco 
di ;  Keep  — ,  tacere  ;  Pass 
over  in  — ,  passare  sotto  si- 
lenzio ;  —  gives  consent,  chi 
tace  acconsente.  3.  • —  ! 
zitto  ! 

Silent ;  tacito,  taciturno. 

Silently ;  tacitamente,  plan 
piano. 

Silesia;  Slesia. 

Silhouette;  siluetta. 

Silicious;  siliceo. 

Silk ;  seta,  tela  di  seta. 

Silk  business ;  seteria. 

Silk  culture ;  serieultura. 

Silk  district ;  paese  sericul- 
tore. 

Silk  goods ;  seterie. 

Silk-grower ;  sericultore. 

Silk  handkerchief;  fazzoletto 
di  seta. 

Silkiness ;  morbidezza  come 
della  seta. 

Silk-merchant ;  negoziante  in 
seterie. 

Silk-mill ;  fabbrica  di  seterie. 

Silk-spinning ;  filatura  di  seta. 

Silkworm  ;  baco  da  seta,  filu- 
gello,  bigatto. 

Silkworm  breeder ;  bigat- 
tiere. 

Silkworm  establishment ; 
bigattiera. 

Silky;  fino  o  morbido  come  la 
seta. 

Sill ;  soglia,  davanzale. 

Sillabub  ;  vino  con  latte. 

Silly;  sciocco,  goffo,  scempio, 
scemo. 

Silt;  i.  posatura  di  sabbia, 
reniccio,  rinterro.  i.  —  up, 
colmare  di  sabbia. 

Silting  up ;  insabbiamento. 

O 


CV1 


SILVER— SLAM 


Silver;  i.  argento,  moneta 
d'  argento.  i.  inargentare. 

Silver-fir ;  abete  argentato. 

Silver-fish  ;  pesce  d'  argento. 

Silver-gilt ;  argento  dorato. 

Silver-grey;  grigio  d'  argento. 

Silver-haired ;  dai  cappelli 
d'  argento. 

Silver-lace ;  gallone  d'  argento. 

Silver-leaf;  foglia  di  argento. 

Silver-mine ;  miniera  d'  ar- 
gento. 

Silver-mounted ;  montato  in 
argento. 

Silver-paper;  carta  argentata. 

Silver-plate;  vasellame  d'  ar- 
gento. 

Silver-plated ;  inargentato. 

Silver-plating ;  inargentatura. 

Silverside ;  girello  (di  bue), 
lucertolo. 

Silversmith ;  argentiere. 

Silver  wedding;  nozze  d'  ar- 
gento. 

Silverweed ;  argentina. 

Silver  wire  ;  argento  filato. 

Silvery ;  argenteo. 

Similar;  simile,  pari. 

Similarity  ;  simiglianza,  rasso- 
miglianza. 

Simile ;  similitudine. 

Simmer ;  sobbollire. 

Simnel  cake  ;  torta  dolce. 

Simoniacal ;  simoniaco. 

Simon  Pure;  la  vera  per- 
sona. 

Simony;  id. 

Simoom ;  simun. 

Simper;  i.  sorriso  affettato. 
2.  sorridere  con  smorfie. 

Simpering ;  smorfioso. 

Simple;  i.  semplice.  i.  — s, 
erbe  medicinal!. 

Simple  -  hearted,  -minded  ; 
a  cuore  schietto,  ingenue. 

Simpleton ;  semplicione,  sci- 
munito. 

Simplicity;  sempUcita. 

Simplify ;  semplificare. 

Simulate ;  id. 

Simultaneous ;  simultaneo. 

Sin  ;   i.   pecc-ato.     2.  -are. 

Since ;  da,  dopo,  di  poi,  d'  al- 
lora  in  poi,  dacche,  poiche, 
giacche,  posciache.  Long 
— ,  da  rnolto  tempo. 

Sincere;  id.,  schietto. 

Sine  ;  seno. 

Sinecure ;  sinecura. 

Sine  die ;  indefinitamente. 

Sinew ;  nervo. 

Sinewy;  nervoso. 

Sinful ;  colpabile,  peccamino- 
so. 

Sing;  i.  cantare,  gorgheggiare. 
2.  tintinnare  (orecchio) ;  To 
have  a  — ing  in  the  ears,  sen- 
tirsi  fischiare  o  zufolare  gli 
orecchi. 

Singe ;  rosolare,  abbrustolire, 
abbruciacchiare. 

Singer ;  cantante,  cantore. 

Singing ;  cantante,  di  canto, 
gorgheggiante. 

Singing-master ;  maestro  di 
canto. 

Single;  i.  solo,  semplice,  uni- 
co,  isolate,  particolare.  i. 
non  maritato.  3.  —  combat, 
combattimento  singolare.  4, 


—  out,  prescegliere,  staccare, 
separare. 

Single-barrelled  ;  a  una  canna. 

Single-handed ;  solo,  senza 
aiuto. 

Single  -  hearted,  -minded  ; 
semplice,  sincero. 

Singlestick ;  To  play  at  — , 
tirar  di  bastoni. 

Singly;  ad  uno  ad  uno,  sepa- 
ratamente. 

Singsong;  i.  riunione  dove 
ognuno  deve  cantare.  i. 
monotono. 

Singular ;  singolare. 

Sinister;  i.  cupo,  fosco,  pro- 
ibito.  2.  di  malaugurio, 
funesto,  sinistro. 

Sink ;  i .  sentina,  lavatoio, 
acquaio.  2.  affondare,  spro- 
fondare,  sommergere.  3. 
scavare  (pozzo).  4.  see- 
mare,  ammortire,  fare  spa- 
rire  (difterenze).  5.  metier 
(capilale  a  vitalizio).  6.  som- 
mergersi,  attuffarsi,  colare  a 
picco,  andare  a  fondo.  7.  ca- 
dere,  soccombere,  declinare, 
indebolirsi.  8.  penetrare  (in 
mente).  9.  esser  vicino  alia 
morte. 

Sinking-fund ;  fondo  di  am- 
mortizzazione. 

Sinless  ;  impeccabile. 

Sinner;  peccatore. 

Sin-offering;  offerta  espiatoria. 

Sinuous ;  id. 

Sinus;  seno. 

Sip;  i.  sorso,  centellino.  2. 
sorseggiare,  centellinare. 

Siphon ;  sifone. 

Sippet ;  fettolina. 

Sir ;  signore,  sir,  titolo  corri- 
spondente  a  Cavaliere. 

Sire;  i.  padre  (di  animale). 
i.  Signore  (modo  familiare 
di  parlare  al  re). 

Siren;  sirene. 

Sirloin  of  beef;  lorn  bo  di  bue. 

Sirocco ;  scirocco. 

Sirrah ;  sor  coso.  No  — ! 
gnorn6 ! 

Siskin ;  hicherino. 

Sister;  t.  sorella.  i.  con- 
genere. 

Sisterhood  ;  comunita  di  mo- 
nache. 

Sister-in-law;  cognata. 

Sisterly ;  da  sorella. 

Sit;  i.  sedere.  2.  essereaperta 
(la  Camera)  ;  Parliament  sat 
till  the  middle  of  August,  la 
Camera  era  aperta  fino  alia 
meta  d'  agosto.  3.  —  for 
one's  portrait,  posare,  tenere 
la  posa  ;  I  am  — ting  for  my 
portrait  from  two  to  four, 
devo  posare  dalle  due  alle 
quattro.  4.  covare.  j.  - 
for,  esser  deputato  per.  6. 

—  it   out,    restare   rino  alia 
fine.      7.    —   tight,   non   la- 
sciarsi  smovere.     8.    —  up, 
(a)    tenersi    dritto   sulla    sua 
sedia,  (i)  non  coricarsi,  (c)  — 

—  for,  aspettare  senza  cori- 
carsi,   Don't  —  —   for  me, 
coricati     senza     aspettarmi, 
(d)  —  —  in  bed,  stare  se- 
duto  sul  letto,  (e)  —  —  with, 


vegliare  al  letto  di.  9.  — 
upon,  (a)  considerare  giu- 
dizialmente,  (b)  trattare  scor- 
tesemente,  v.  Snub. 

Site;  sito. 

Sitter;  modello. 

Sitting;  r.  posto  riservato 
(chiesa).  2.  in  consiglio,  in 
seduta  (giudice).  3.  udienza 
(tribunale),  seduta  (assem- 
blea),  sessione  (parlamento). 
4.  covatrice.  5.  — s,  sedute  ; 
He  did  me  in  twenty  — s,  mi 
fece  in  venti  sedute ;  At  a  — , 
seduta  stante. 

Sitting-room ;  salotto. 

Situated ;  situato.  Awkwardly 
— ,  in  una  situazione  imba- 
razzante.  This  is  how  I  am 
— ,  ecco  la  mia  posizione. 

Situation;  i.  id.  2.  posto, 
impiego. 

Six  ;  sei.  At  sixes  and  sevens, 
in  iscompiglio.  It  is  —  of 
one  and  half  a  dozen  of  the 
other,  e  tutt'  una  zuppa  e  pan 
bagnato. 

Sixfold ;  sestuplo. 

Six-foot  way;  interbinario. 

Sixpenny;  di  dodici  soldi. 

Sixteen,  -th  ;  sedic-i,  -esimo. 

Sixth;  i.  sesto.  2.  (mus.) 
sesta. 

Sixt-y,  -ieth;  sessant-a,  -esimo. 

Sizar;  borsista. 

Size;  i.  grandezza,  mole,  for- 
mato  (libro),  calibro,  misura 
(guanto  ecc.).  2.  colla,  in- 
collatura.  3.  metier  in  or- 
dine  secondo  la  grandezza. 
4.  —  up,  misurare  col  1'  oc- 
chio. 

Sizeable  ;  non  troppo  piccolo. 

Skate;  i.  pattino.  2.  razza. 
3.  pattinare. 

Skating-club  ;  circolo  dei  pat- 
tinatori. 

Skedaddle ;  andar  via  in  un 
baleno. 

Skein  ;  matassa,  mannella. 

Skeleton ;  scheletro,  ossatura. 

Skep ;  arnia  di  paglia  o  vinchi. 

Sketch ;  i.  abbozzo,  schizzo, 
macchia.  2.  abbozzare,  schiz- 
zare  ;  —  oul,  fare  il  piano  di. 

Sketch-book ;  album,  libretto 
da  disegnare. 

Sketcher;  disegnatore. 

Sketching-block ;  pezzi  di 
carta  da  disegno  riuniti  da- 
gli  orli. 

Sketchy ;  incomplete,  abboz- 
zalo,  leggiero. 

Skew ;  sbieco,  sghimbescio, 
sghembo. 

Skewer;  i.  spiedino.  i.  schi- 
dionare. 

Ski ;  schia,  specie  di  pallino  nor- 
vegese  per  la  neve  soffice. 

Skid  ;  i .  scarpa  (carrozza).  2. 
parabordo.  3.  sdrucciolare 
(lateralmente,  biciclella). 

Skiff;  schifo,  palischermo. 

Skilful;  abile. 

Skill;  i.  abilita,  destrezza.  2. 
— ed,  perito,  esperto.  3.  It 
— s  nothing,  importa  nulla. 

Skillet ;  casserola  a  manico 
lungo. 

Skilly ;  brodo  lungo. 


Skim;    i.   pellicola  (latte   bol- 

lito).     2.  schiumare,  sfiorare, 

spannare. 

Skim-milk;  latte  spannalo. 
Skimming-ladle;  schiumatoio, 

stiumino. 
Skimming-pan ;     tegame    da 

spannare. 
Skin;      i.     pelle,     cuoio.      2. 

buccia.   3.  scorticare,  scoiare. 

4.      —     over,     cicatrizzarsi, 

rimarginarsi. 
Skin-flint;  spilorcio. 
Skinny;  macilento. 
Skip;     i.     salterello,    balzello. 

2.    burbale,    cesta.     3.    bal- 

zellare,  salterellare.     4.   sal- 
tare  (leggemlo). 
Skipper;  capitano. 
Skipping-rope ;      corda      per 

saltellare. 

Skirmish ;  scaramuccia. 
Skirmisher ;  cacciatore,  soldato 

che     combatte     in     ordine 

sparse   innanzi    alle    truppe, 

soldato  leggiero. 
Skirret;  sisaro. 
Skirt;   i.  gonnella,  sottana.     2. 

bordo,    confine.     3.    costeg- 

giare,    andar    lungo    1"    orlo 

di. 
Skirting;   i .  stoffa  per  gonnella 

o    sottana.       j.    —    board, 

plinto,  zoccolo. 
Skit ;  scherro,  frizzo,  imitazione 

frizzante. 
Skittish ;    bisbetico,    ombroso, 

leggiero,  gaio. 
Skittle-alley;   andito  per  gio- 

care  ai  birilli  gross! . 
Skittles ;  specie  di  birilli  grossi 

alti  il  terzo  d'  un  metro  che 

si  buttano  giu  con  una  grossa 

palla  di  legno. 
Skua;  labbo. 

Skulk ;  nascondersi,  poltrire. 
Skulker;  pigrone,  poltrone. 
Skull;  cranio. 
Skull-cap;  papalina. 
Skunk ;      puzzola      americana. 

Mean  — ,  sornione. 
Sky ;  cielo. 

Skye  ;  cane  bassotto  di  Skye. 
Sky-blue  ;  celeste. 
Skylark;  lodola. 
Skylight ;  abbaino. 
Skyline ;  linea  sopra  la  quale  si 

vede  il  cielo. 
Slab;  lastra,   banchina,   banco, 

piastra. 

Slabber ;  v.  Slobber. 
Slack;   i.  allentato.     2.  tardo, 

trascurato,     infingardo.      3. 

accidioso,      molle,       fiacco, 

fievole,     stanco,     languente. 

4.     imhando ;    Haul    in   the 

— ,    ricuperare    1'    imbando. 

;.    polvere    di    carbon    fos- 

sile. 

Slacken;    i.    allargare,    alien- 
tare,  mollare.     i.  diminuire, 

rallentare.     3.  languire. 
Slackness ;     fiacchezza,     man- 

canza  d'  energia. 
Slag;  scoria,  rosticci. 
Slain ;  morto. 
Slake ;     spegnere ;     —    one's 

thirst,  dissetarsi. 
Slam;    i.    cappotto.     2.   chiu- 

dere  sbatacchiando. 


SLANDER—SMELLING-SALTS 


cvu 


Slander;     i.    calunnia,     diffa- 

mazione.        2.       calunniare, 

diffamare. 

Slang ;  gergo,  lingua  furbesca. 
Slant;     i.   inclinare.     2.   esser 

pendente,  pendere. 
Slanting ;       sbieco,      obliquo, 

inclinato. 
Slap ;  i .  schiaffo,  guanciata. 

2.  schiaffeggiare ;    —  one's 
chest,  battere  la  birbantina. 

3.  dirittamente,    nel    mezzo 
di,  tutto. 

Slap-dash ;     senza     riguardo, 

senza  pensare.     In  a  —  — 

sort  of  way,  in  una  maniera 

avventata. 

Slap-up;  co'  fiocchi. 
Slash;   i.  sferzata.     2.  sfregio, 

taglio.       3.     apertura    nelle 

maniche     per     mostrare     la 

stoffa  al  disotto.     4.  sfregiare, 

tagliare,    menare    sciabolate 

da  cieco. 
Slat;  stecca. 
Slate;  i.  lavagna.  i.  (gergo) 

sgridare.     3.  — d,  coperto  di 

lavagne. 

Slate-quarry;  cava  di  lavagne. 
Slater;  conciatetti. 
Slattern ;  donna  sciatta. 
Slatternly;     sudicio    e    negli- 

gente. 

Slaty ;  di  lavagna,  schistose. 
Slaughter;      i.     strage.        2. 

macellare,     ammazzare.      3. 

uccidere  (nimichi). 
Slaughterer ;  ammazzatore. 
Slaughter-yard;  ammazzatoio. 
Slave;     i.    schiavo.     2.   affati- 

carsi,  sgobbare. 
Slave-dealer ;      mercante     di 

schiavi. 
Slave-driver ;      aguzzino      di 

schiavi. 
Slave-owner;     possessore    di 

schiavi. 

Slaver;   i.   negriero.     2.  bava. 
Slavery;  schiavitu. 
Slave-trade;  tratta  dei  negri. 
Slavey;  serva. 
Slavish;  servile. 
Slavonic  ;  slavo. 
Slay ;  uccidere. 
Sledge  ;  slilta,  treggia,  traino. 
Sledge-hammer;  martellone. 
Sleek ;  liscio. 
Sleep ;   i.  sonno.     2.  dormire. 

3.  Go  to  — ,  addormentarsi. 

4.  —   off,    far    passare   per 
sonno. 

Sleeper;      i.     dormitore.      t. 

traverse,  traversina  (ferrovia), 

sottotrave. 

Sleepily ;  come  addormentato. 
Sleepiness  ;  voglia  di  dormire, 

sonnolenza,    sopore,   cascag- 

gine. 

Sleeping;  addormentato. 
Sleeping-berth  ;  letto. 
Sleeping-car ;  vagone  letto. 
Sleeping-draught ;  narcotico, 

pozione  calmante. 
Sleeping-partner ;    specie  di 

socio  accomandante. 
Sleepless  ;  insonne. 
Sleep-walker ;  sonnambulo. 
Sleepy;    i.  sonnacchioso,  son- 

nolento,  mezz"  assonnito.     i. 

mezzo. 


Sleet;   i.  nevischio.     2.  cadere 

nevischio.    — y,  di  nevischio. 
Sleeve;     manica.      Laugh     in 

one's  — ,  rider  sotto  i  bam. 
Sleigh ;  v.  Sledge. 
Sleight   of   hand ;    giuoco   di 

niano.       —     —     —     trick, 

gherminella. 
Slender;       i.     smilzo,      esile, 

svelto.     t.  esiguo. 
Sleuth-hound;  segugio. 
Slew ;  (mar.)  girare. 
Slice;     i.    fetta.     2.    spatola, 

paletta.    Fish  — ,  tagliapesce. 

3.  affettare. 

Slick;  di  botta,  v.  Slap  (3). 
Slide;   i.  sdrucciolo.     2.  Land 
— ,  frana.     3.   scesa  rapida. 

4.  (in  us.)      strisciata.      5. 
veduta  (lanterna  magica).    6. 
porta-oggetto,    preparazione 
(da   microscopic).      7.      (da 
fotografo)  lastra. 

8.    sdrucciolare,  fare  scivo- 

lare.     9.    scorrere. 
Slide-face ;    specchio    del   ci- 

lindro. of  the  valve, 

faccia  del  distributore. 
Slider ;  chi  sdrucciola. 
Slide-rod ;    asta  del   distribu- 
tore. 
Slide  -  rule  ;     regolo    calcola- 

tore. 
Slide-valve;  valvola  di  distri- 

buzione. case,  scatola 

a  vapore. 

Sliding-scale ;  scala  variabile. 
Slight ;   i.  offesa.     t.  leggiero, 

piccolo,    esiguo,    tenue.     3. 

offendere,  trattare  con  poco 

rispetto. 

Slightingly ;   sprezzevolmente. 
Slightly ;      alquanto,      legger- 

mente. 

Slily;  scaltramente. 
Slim;     v.     Slender.     Tall    — 

fellow,  perticone. 
Slime;   i.  melma,  limo,  limac- 

cio.     2.  allumacatura,  bava, 

moccicaglia,  moccio. 
Slimy ;  viscoso,  fangoso,  limac- 

cioso,  moccicoso. 
Sling;     i.     frombola,    fionda, 

scaglia.     2.    sciarpa,    fascia; 

Have    one's    arm    in   a   — , 

portare   il   braccio   al   collo. 

3.   cinghia.     4.    braca,    bra- 

cotto.      5.      —     over     the 

shoulder,    portare   ad  arma- 

collo. 
Slink ;     andar     mogio    mogio, 

furtivamente. 
Slip;  i.  sdrucciolo,  passo  falso ; 

Make   a   —  of  the  tongue, 

dire  una  parola  per  un'  altra. 

2.   striscia.     3.   distinta.     4. 

Land   — ,    frana.      5.    tova- 

glietta;    Pillow    — ,    fodera. 

6.   scalo  di  costruzione.     7. 

Give  (one)  the  — ,  piantare. 

8.  rampollo  (di  pianta).     9. 

—  of  the  screw,  recesso  del 

propulsore. 

10.  sdrucciolare,  scivolare, 

far  passo  falso.     1 1 .  sfuggire; 

Let  the  opportunity  — ,   la- 

sciarsi  sfuggire,  uscirdi  mano, 

1'    occasione.     12.     sguinza- 

gliare.       13.     mollare.      14. 

scappare,  guizzare. 


Slip    away;    fuggire    o    uscire 

inosservato,  sgattaiolare. 
Slip-carriage;       vagone      da 

staccarsi  senza  che  il   treno 

si  fermi. 

Slip-knot ;  nodo  scorsoio. 
Slip  off;   t.    v.  Slip  away.    i. 

levare,  sbrigarsi  di. 
Slipper;  pantofola,  pianella. 
Slipperiness ;      natura     sdruc- 

ciolevole. 
Slippery;     i.      sdrucciolevole. 

2.  imprendibile,     da     non 
fidarsi. 

Slipshod  ;  negligente,  sguaia- 
to. 

Slipslop  ;  risciacquatura. 

Slit;  i.  fessura,  crepatura.  2. 
spaccare,  fendere. 

Slither;  v.  Slide. 

Slitting-mill ;  cioncone. 

Slobber ;  far  bava. 

Slobbering;  bavoso. 

Sloe  ;  prugna  salvatica. 

Sloop ;  slop,  corvetta. 

Slop ;  i .  guazzo,  fanghiglia. 
— s,  (a)  lavatura,  (6)  cibo 
liquido.  2.  (a)  panni  larghi 
da  marinaio,  (t>)  abiti  fatti. 

3.  spargere     (liquido),     far 
versare. 

Slop-basin ;  vaso  da  lavatu- 
ra. 

Slope;  i.  pendio,  versante, 
declivio.  2.  pendere.  3. 
inclinare. 

Sloping;  pendente,  inclinato. 

Sloppiness ;  guazzabuglio. 

Sloppy ;  melmoso,  fangoso, 
bagnato,  fradicio. 

Slop-seller;  rigattiere. 

Slop-shop ;  bottega  di  abiti 
fatti,  bottegaccia. 

Slot ;  i.  fessura.  2.  traccia 
di  cervo.  3.  incavo,  incastro ; 
— ting  machine,  pialla  ver- 
ticale,  macchina  a  mortesare, 
piallatrice. 

Sloth;  i.  infingardia,  pigrizia. 
2.  tardigrade. 

Slouch;  i.  andatura  pesante, 
o  da  tanghero.  2.  moversi 
goffamente,  andar  dondoloni, 
andar  bighellonando. 

Slough;  i.  acquitrino.  2. 
spoglia  (di  serpente).  3. 
carne  morta  d'  una  piaga. 

4.  —  away,  separarsi  (carne 
morta). 

Sloven ;  sudicione. 
Slovenliness ;      trascuratezza, 

specialmente  nel   vestirsi,   il 

vestirsi    alia    carlona,    modi 

di  sudicione. 
•  Slovenly;  sciamannato,  sciatto, 

goffo,    trascurato,   fatto    alia 

carlona. 
Slow;     i.     lento,     tardo.      2. 

pesante,     noioso.      3.    ordi- 

nario  (treno). 
Slowly ;  adagio,  tardi. 
Slow-worm  ;  cecilia. 
Sludge  ;  fango,  polrtglia. 
Slue;  v.  Slew. 
Slug;    i.   lumaca.     2.  palla  di 

forma     irregolare     per     mi- 

traglia,  scaglia. 
Sluggard ;  dormiglione. 
Sluggish ;  pipro,  tardo,  apatico, 

indolente. 


Sluice;  i.  cateratta.  2.  ha- 
gnarsi  con  una  spugna  c 
molta  acqua. 

Sluice-valve  ;  valvola  a  sara- 
cinesca. 

Slum ;  basso  fondo. 

Slumber;  i.  sonno  leggiero. 
2.  dormir  leggermenle. 

Slump;  i.  abbassamento  gene- 
rale,  o  profondo.  2.  abbas- 
sarsi  profondamente. 

Slur ;  i .  macchia  ;  Cast  a  — 
upon,  macchiare,  denigrare. 
2.  (mus.)  legatura.  3.  ar- 
ticolar  male,  strisciare.  4.  — 
over,  far  vista  di  non  badare 
a,  lasciar  passare.  5.  — red, 
non  fatto  nettamente. 

Slush ;  poltiglia,  neve  mezzo 
liquefatta. 

Slushy ;  mezzo  liquido. 

Slut;  sudiciaccia,  baldracca. 

Sly;  sornione,  accorto. 

Sly-boots;  furbetto. 

Smack;  i.  sapore,  sospetto, 
tinta.  2.  bacio  sonoro.  3. 
schiaffo,  sculacciata.  4.  bar- 
ca  (da  pesca).  j.  schiaffare, 
sculacciare.  6.  —  the  lips, 
schioccare  la  lingua. 

Small;  r.  piccolo,  i.  bassa 
(carta).  3.  — s,  (a)  calzoni 
corti,  (i)  il  primo  esame  a 
Oxford.  4.  —  hours,  ore 
dopo  mezzanotte.  5.  —  beer, 
birra  leggiera. 

Small-pox;  vaiolo. 

Small-talk ;  chiacchiera  leg- 
giera. 

Smart;  i.  dolore  acuto,  co- 
ciore.  2.  bello,  attillato, 
azzimato,  sgargiante.  3.  spi- 
ritoso,  piccante.  4.  ben  fatto, 
lesto,  energico,  abile,  che  fa 
onore  a  chi  1'  ha  fatto.  5.  sof- 
frire,  cuocere,  far  male;  My 
hand  — s,  mi  brucia  la  mano ; 
He  shall  —  for  it,  gli  cocera ; 
You  may  — •  for  it,  pu6  co- 
starti  cara. 

Smarten  up ;  rinnovare,  ripri- 
stinare,  ringiovanire. 

Smartness;  i.  vigore,  pron- 
tezza,  energia.  2.  eleganza, 
attillatezza. 

Smash;  i.  rottura  generate; 
Go  to  — ,  perdersi  completa- 
mente.  2.  crac.  3.  schian- 
tare,  frantumare.  4.  cadere 
in  pezzi.  5.  far  crac.  6.  — 
in,  scassinare.  7.  —  up, 
sconquassare. 

Smasher;  i.  colpo  violento. 
2.  chi  mette  in  circolazione 
le  false  monete. 

Smatterer ;  semidotto. 

Smattering;  infarinatura,  leg- 
giera tintura. 

Smear ;  imbrattare,  spalmare. 

Smeary;  imbrattato. 

Smell;  i.  odore,  sentore,  fiuto. 
2.  odorato.  3.  sentire,  fiu- 
tare,  odorare ;  —  bad,  aver 
cattivo  odore ;  —  good, 
olezzare ;  —  a  rat,  annu- 
sare  qualche  cosa  nell'  aria. 

Smelling-bottle ;  fiaschetto 
d'  odori. 

Smelling-salts;  sale  ammo- 
niaco  odoroso,  i  sali. 

02 


CV111 


SMELT— SOMERSAULT 


Smelt;  i.  eperlano.  2.  fon- 
dere ;  —ing  lurnace,  alto 
forno ;  — ing  house,  fon- 
deria. 

Smew ;  pesciaiola. 

Smile;  i.  sorriso.  2.  sorri- 
dere. 

Smirch ;  sporcare. 

Smirk ;  fare  smorfie. 

Smite;     i.    percuotere,   ferire. 

2.  Smitten,  innamorato. 
Smith ;  fabbro. 
Smithereens ;  pezzettini. 
Smithy;  fucina. 
Smock ;  camiciotto. 
Smoke;  i.  fumo.      2.  fumare. 

3.  filare  (lampada).     4.  affu- 
micare;    — d,   con  odore  di 
fumo. 

Smoke-box;  cassa  a  fumo. 
Smoke-consuming ;        fumi- 

voro. 
Smokeless  coal ;  carbone  sen- 

za  fumo. 

Smoke-sail ;  parafumo. 
Smoke-stack;  lumaiolo. 
Smoking-carriage ;   scompar- 

timento  per  fumatori. 
Smoking-room;  fumatoio. 
Smoky;   i.   fumoso.     2.  pieno 

di  fumo. 

Smolt ;  salmone  giovane. 
Smooth;    i.    liscio,  piano.     2. 

dolce.     3.    calmo.     4.   spia- 

nare,  lisciare. 

Smooth-bore  ;  a  canna  liscia. 
Smother;   i.  soffocare.    2.  sop- 
prim  ere. 
Smoulder;    bruciare   a    fuoco 

lento,    covare.      The    beam 

had  been  — ing  many  hours, 

il  foco  aveva  covato  nel  trave 

per  molte  ore. 
Smudge;    imbrattare.       Take 

care !   you  will  —  it,  bada ! 

che  farai  uno  sgorbio. 
Smudgy ;     poco    netto,    tutto 

sgorbi. 

Smug;  soddisfatto  di  se. 
Smuggle;  frodare. 
Smuggler ;  contrabbandiere. 
Smuggling;  frodo. 
Smut;    i.    particella   di   fulig- 

gine.     2.   carbonchio,  golpe. 

3.  sconcezza,  porcheria. 
Smutty;    i.    macchiato  di  fu- 

liggine.    2.   cariato,  golpato. 

3.  sconcio. 
Snack;  bocconcino. 
Snaffle ;  morso. 

Snag;  tronco  (d*  albero,  som- 
merso). 

Snail;  chiocciola.  — 's  pace, 
passo  di  lumaca. 

Snake ;  biscia,  serpe,  colubro. 

Snake-charmer ;  incantatore 
di  serpenti. 

Snake-root;  serpentaria. 

Snake-weed ;  bistorta  serpen- 
taria. 

Snap;  i.  rottura.  2.  ferma- 
glio,  fibbia  (a  scatto).  3. 
colpo  di  dente,  tnorsicatura. 

4.  schiocco.      5.    Cold   — , 
breve  freddo. 

6.  rompere.  7.  morsicare. 
8.  fotografare  istantanea- 
mente.  9.  scoccare  (le  di- 
ta).  10.  — at,  (a)  azzannare, 
gettarsi  su,  abboccare  avida- 


mente,  (b)  dar  parolacce  a. 

n.     —    off,    strappar    via. 

12.   —  up,  affrettarsi  di  pi- 

gliare,  agguantare  frettolosa- 

mente. 
Snap-dragon;     i.     bocca   di 

leone.     2.    giuoco   che  con- 

siste  nell'  arraffare  uve  passe 

da  un  piattello  di  acquavite 

accesa    in    una    camera    al 

buio. 
Snappish  ;    ringhioso,    dispet- 

toso. 
Snare;   i.   laccio.     2.  accalap- 

piare. 
Snarl ;       grugnire,      ringhiare, 

brontolare. 
Snatch;  i.  pezzetto.    2.  affer- 

rare,  svellere,  strappare. 
Snatch-block ;  pastecca. 
Sneak;  i.  sornione,  villanzone. 

2.    far   la   spia  al    maestro, 

rifischiare.       3.     insinuarsi ; 

—  in,  off,  venire,  andarsene, 
furtivamente.       4.      (gergo) 
sgraffignare. 

Sneaking;  vile,  ipocrita. 

Sneer;  i.  sogghigno.  2.  sghi- 
gnazzare,  sogghignare.  3.  — 
at,  motteggiare,  canzonare. 

Sneering;  beffardo. 

Sneeze;   i.  slarnut-o.     2.   -ire. 

Sneezewort;  bottom  d'  ar- 
gento. 

Snick ;  intacco  piccolo. 

Sniff;  tiutare,  annusare. 

Snigger ;  ridacchiare. 

Sniggle ;  pescare  le  anguille 
ficcando  1'  esca  nei  loro  na- 
scondigli. 

Snip;  tagliare  (con  forbici). 

Snipe;  i.  beccaccino;  Jack — , 
frullino.  2.  (Stati  Uniti) 
mozzo  di  sigaro.  3.  tirare  a 
gran  distanza  sul  nimico  (con 
fucile). 

Snippet ;  pezzettino. 

Snivel;  i.  moccio.  t.  mocci- 
care. 

Sniveller,  Snivelling  hypo- 
crite ;  bacchettone  lagri- 
moso. 

Snob ;  villan  rifatto,  barbassoro, 
figure,  fatuo. 

Snobbish  ;  malcreato. 

Snooze;  i.  sonnolino.  i.  son- 
neccliiare. 

Snore;  russare. 

Snort ;  sbruffare,  sbuffare. 

Snot;  moccio. 

Snout ;  grugno,  ceffo. 

Snow;    i.   neve.     2.   nevicare ; 

—  up,  imprigionare  (per  la 
neve). 

Snow-ball ;  pallottola  di  neve. 
Snow-berry ;      palloncini     di 

neve. 
Snow-bunting ;    zigolo    della 

neve. 
Snow-capped;     coronato    di 

neve. 

Snow-drift;  ammasso  di  neve. 
Snowdrop  ;  bucaneve. 
Snowflake ;  i.  fiocco  di  neve. 

2.  campanelle  di  state. 
Snow-line  ;  limite  della  neve. 
Snow-plough;  spartineve. 
Snow-shoe;    arnese   in   forma 

di  racchetta  per  camminare 

sulla  neve. 


Snow-storm ;  nevicata. 
Snow-white  ;   bianco  come  la 

neve. 
Snub ;  raffrenare  con  delle  ram- 

pogiie,   rabbuffare   quasi   in- 

giuriando,   ributtare  acerba- 

mente. 

Snubnosed ;  camuso. 
Snuff;     i.    tabacco    da    naso. 

2.  moccolo,    smoccolatura. 

3.  annasare  ;  —  up,  aspirare 
per    le   narici.      4.    smocco- 
lare ;    —   out,   (a)   spegnere 
collo  smoccolatoio,  (i>)  met- 
ter  fine  a,  uccidere. 

Snuffers ;  smoccolatoio. 

Snuffle ;  aspirare  forte  per  le 
narici,  soffiar  per  il  naso 
quando  e  intasato. 

Snuffles;  catarro  nasale. 

Snug ;  agiato,  benestante,  co- 
modo,  bello. 

Snuggery ;  cameretta  comoda. 

Snuggle  down ;  rannicchiarsi. 

So;  cosl,  tanto,  pertanto,  assai, 
perci6,  sia  pure.  —  as,  ab- 
bastanza  per.  —  much  — , 
talmenle,  al  punto  (che). 

—  much  —  that,  cosicche. 

—  that,  purche,  a  condizione 

che. ,  passabilmente. 

I  believe  — ,  lo  credo.     And 

—  forth,  e   cosl   del   resto. 

—  I  say,  ecco  cio  che  penso 
io.     —  I  thought,  e  cio  che 
pensavo.     —  1  do,  e  cio  che 
intendo.     —  do  I,  anche  io. 

—  true  is  it,  tanto  e  vero. 

—  and  — ,  un  tale. 

Soak ;  bagnare,  macerare,  in- 
zuppare,  zuppare.  —  up, 
imbeversi  di,  assorbire. 

Soaker;  i.  beone.  2.  pioggia 
violenta. 

Soap;  i.  sapone.  2.  insapo- 
nare. 

Soap-ball;  saponetta. 

Soap-boiler;  saponaio. 

Soap-stone;  steatite,  lardite. 

Soapsuds;  saponata. 

Soapworks ;  saponeria. 

Soapwort;  saponaria. 

Soapy  ;  i .  insaponato  ;  My 
hands  are  all  — ,  le  mie  mani 
son  tutte  insaponate.  2.  sdol- 
cinato. 

Soar;  alzarsi,  spiccare  il  volo, 
innalzarsi. 

Soaring;  alto,  sublime,  eccel- 
so. 

Sob;   i.  singhiozz-o.     2.  -are. 

Sober;  i.  sobrio.  2.  — down, 
calmarsi. 

Sober-minded;  serio. 

So-called;  cosi  detto. 

Sociable;  socievole. 

Social,  -ism,  -ist ;  id. 

Socialise ;  socializzare. 

Society,  Sociology;  id. 

Sock;  i.  calzino,  calzettina. 
2.  soletta. 

Socket;  i.  boccola,  collare. 
i.  manicotio,  gorbia,  sgor- 
bia,  manico  (baionetta),  can- 
tiere,  mortaletto  (argano), 
bronzina  (grua),  basainento 
(manubrio),  base  (puntello 
di  ponte),  bocciuolo  (can- 
dela,  penna),  alveolo  (dente), 
incastratura  (osso). 


Socket-joint ;  collegamento  ad 

incastro,  a  manicotto. 
Socle;  dado. 
Sod ;  pioia. 
Sod-cutter;  specie  di  zappetta 

da  giardiniere,  tagliazolle. 
Soda;  id. 
Sodden ;   bagnato,  floscio,  pa- 

stoso. 

Sofa;  id.,  canape. 
Soffit;  soffnta. 
Soft ;  i.  morbido,  molle,  tenero, 

soffice.     2.  facile.     3.  effemi- 

nato.      4.   semplicione,  bag- 

giano. 
Soften;   i.  ammollare,  rammol- 

lire,  addolcire,  ammorbidare. 

2.    calmare,   raddolcire.      3. 

moderare  (luce).     4.   intene- 

rire. 

Softening ;  rammollimento. 
Soft  grass  ;  fieno  canino. 
Softly ;  plan  piano,  adagio. 
Soft    meadow   grass ;    saggi- 

nella. 

Soft-spoken ;  dalla  voce  dolce. 
Soil;   i.  suolo,  terreno.     2.  le- 

tame,  concime.     3.  sporcare, 

macchiare  ;  — ed,  sudicio. 
Soiree ;  serata,  veglia. 
Sojourn;     i.     soggiorn-o.      2. 

-are. 

Sojourner ;  di  passaggio. 
Solace;  i.  sollazzo.     2.  conso- 

lare. 

Solan-goose;  v.  Gannet. 
Solar;  id. 

Solder;   i.  sald-atura.     2.  -are. 
Soldier;  soldato. 
Soldiery;  truppe. 
Sole  ;   i.   suola  (scarpa),  pianta 

(piede).    2.  sogliola.    3.  solo, 

unico.     4.   risuolare. 
Solecism ;  id. 

Solemn,  -ise ;  so!enn-e,  -izzare. 
Sol-fa;  solfeggiare. 
Solicit;  pregare,  invitare. 
Solicitor;     causidico,     notaio, 

difensore   (in   una   lite  com- 

merciale),   procuratore. 
Solicitous ;     desideroso,     sol- 

lecito. 

Solicitude ;  sollecitudine. 
Solid;  id. 

Solidarity ;  solidarieta. 
Solidify;  id. 
Soliloquy ;  id. 
Solitaire,  Solitary;  solitario. 
Solitude,  Solo ;  id. 
Solomon's     seal ;     sigillo    di 

Salomone. 
Solstice;  solstizio. 
Soluble;   i.  solubile.     2.  solvi- 

bile. 

Solution;  id. 
Solve ;  risolvere. 
Solvent;     i.    id.       2.    dissol- 

vente. 

Sombre ;  fosco,  cupo,  tetro. 
Some;   qualche,  alcuno,   certi, 

parecchi,  circa,  del,  un  po'  di, 

ne,  gli  uni,  altri. 
Somebody;  qualcuno, qualche- 

duno,  taluno.     —  else,  qual- 
che altro. 
Somehow ;    in   qualche  modo, 

in  unamaniera  o  in  un'  altra, 

tanto    bene    che    male,    alia 

meglio,  non  saprei  dire  come. 
Somersault ;  capitombolo. 


SOMETHING— SPECIFIC 


cix 


Something;  qualche  cosa,  non 
so  die.  There  is  —  in  that, 
e  giusto.  There  is  —  to 
make  one...,  c'  e  da  far.... 

Some  time;  (in  the  past)  un 
tempo,  gia,  altre  volte.  — 

—  (in  the  future),  un  giorno. 

—  —   ago,   qualche   tempo 
fa. 

Sometimes ;  alle  volte,  qualche 
volta,  alcune  volte,  talvolta, 
on.. .on. 

Somewhat ;  alquanto,  un  po'. 

Somewhere ;  in  qualche  luogo. 

—  here,  in  queste  parti,  vi- 
cino  di  qui,  poco  lontano  di 
qui.    —  there,  all'  incirca  la, 
in  quella  parte,  poco  discosto 
di  la. 

Somnambulist ;  sonnambulo. 
Somniferous ;  sonnifero. 
Somnolent;  sonnolento. 
Son;  figlio. 
Song;  canto,  canzone. 
Song-book;  canzoniere. 
Songster ;  uccello  cantatore. 
Song-writer ;    autore   di   can- 

zoni. 

Son-in-law;  genero. 
Sonnet;  sonetto. 
Sonneteer;  sonettista. 
Sonorous;  sonoro. 
Sonship ;  qualita  di  figlio. 
Soon;   tosto,  presto.     — •  after, 

indi  a  poco,  poco  dopo.     As 

—  as,  subito  che,  tosto  che. 
As   —    as    possible,   al    piu 
presto  possibile. 

Sooner ;  piu  presto,  piu  tosto. 
I  would  — ,  preferirei.  The 

—  the  better,  il   piu   presto 
sara  il  meglio.     —  or  later, 
tosto  o  tardi. 

Soot ;  fuliggine. 

Sooth  ;  —  to  say,  per  dire  il 
vero. 

Soothe;  rasserenare,  blandire, 
raddolcire,  miligare.  —  the 
vanity  of,  lusingare,  soddisfare 
o  appagare  la  vanita  di. 

Soothing  ;  calmante. 

Soothsayer;  indovino,  profeta, 
prete,  aruspice. 

Sooty ;  fuligginoso. 

Sop;  i.  pane  bagnato.  2.  Give, 
Throw  a  —  to,  dare,  gettar 
1'  offa  a.  3.  —  up,  asciugare 
(con  un  asciugamano). 

Soph,  Sophomore;  studente 
del  secondo  anno. 

Sophist ;  sofista. 

Sophisticate ;  fatturare,  sofisti- 
care. 

Soporific ;  id.,  sonnifero. 

Sopping;  bagnato,  fradicio. 

Soppy ;  bagnato,  intriso. 

Sorb-apple  tree ;  sorbo. 

Sorcerer;  stregone. 

Sordid;  id. 

Sore;  i.  piaga.  2.  doloroso, 
che  fa  male,  indolenzito  ; 
With  —  eyes,  scerpellino. 
3.  severe.  4.  indispettito, 
stizzito.  5.  sensibile,  sensi- 
tive di  dolore ;  —  point, 
punto  sensibile.  6.  Have  a 

—  throat,  aver  mal  alia  gola. 
7.    Feel   — ,   (a)  esser  indo- 
lenzito, My  finger  feels  very 
— ,  il  dito  mi  fa  male  assai. 


(6)  affliggersi,  sentirsi  offeso. 
8.  assai  ;  Be  — ly  afraid, 
aver  gran  paura. 

Sorghum  ;  sorgo. 

Sorrel;   i.  acetosa.     2.  sauro. 

Sorrow;  i.  dolore,  dispiacere, 
cordoglio.  2.  dolersi. 

Sorrowful;  afflitto,  triste,  in- 
felice. 

Sorry;  i.  v.  Sorrowful,  i.  Be 
— ,  rincrescersi,  spiacersi  ; 
I  am  —  for  it,  me  ne  rin- 
cresce  ;  I  am  —  to  say,  mi 
spiace  di  dire.  3.  meschino, 
povero ;  A  —  specimen  of 
humanity,  un  triste  esempio 
dell'  umanita. 

Sort;  j.  sorta,  genere,  specie, 
maniera.  2.  Out  of  — s, 
malaticcio.  3.  distribute,  as- 
sortire.  4.  accozzare  (carte). 

Sorter;  sceglitore. 

Sortie;  sortita. 

Sot ;  beone,  scioccone. 

Sottish ;  imbrutito. 

Sou ;  soldo,  quattrino. 

Soubrette  ;  serva,  fantesca. 

Souffle ;  bianco  d'  uova  mon- 
tato. 

Sough ;  sussurrare. 

Sought  after ;  ricercato. 

Soul ;  anima.  Poor  — ,  pove- 
retta.  He  was  always  the 
life  and  —  of  the  party,  era 
1'  anima  d'  ogni  ritrovo. 

Sound;  i.  suono.  2.  tenta. 
3.  vescica  (pesce).  4.  brac- 
cio,  stretto  (mare). 

5.  sano,  solido,  illeso,  non 
danneggiato,  in  buono  stato. 
6.  vigoroso,  bello  (castiga- 
mento).  7.  profondo  (son- 
no).  8.  buono,  sano,  solido 
(dottrina,  ragionamento). 
9.  suonare,  far  risuonare ; 

—  the    retreat,    battere    la 
ritirata.        10.    scandagliare, 
prender    gli     scandagli     di. 
il.  tastare  il  terreno  ;   I  am 
agreeable  to  this  if  the  others 
are ;    you    might   —     them 
about  it,  io  son  contento  di 
far  cost  se  lo  sono  gli  altri ; 
tu  puoi  fargliene  parola.     12. 

—  attractive,  sembrare  attra- 
ente ;    —  well,  aver  un  bel 
suono  ;  —  hopeful,  dar  bella 
speranza ;   —  suspicious,  far 
nascere  il  sospetto.     13.   — 
asleep,  in  un  profondo  son- 
no. 

Sounding ;  sonoro. 

Sounding-board;  cielodipul- 
pito. 

Soundings;  scandagli. 

Soundly;  bene. 

Soup ;  minestra,  zuppa. 

Soup-ladle ;  romaiolo. 

Soup-plate;  scodella. 

Soup-ticket;  bono  per  mine- 
stra. 

Soup-tureen ;  zuppiera. 

Sour;  i.  agro,  acido,  brusco. 
2.  acre  ;  —  visaged,  arcigno  ; 

—  tempered,  bisbetico,  d'  u- 
more  aspro. 

Source;  sorgente,  fonte,  origi- 

ne. 
Souse;    r.  salamoia.     ».  mari- 

nare.   3.  sommergere,  tuffare. 


South ;  sud,  mezzodi,  mezzo- 
giorno.  —  American,  del- 
1'  America  del  sud,  o  me- 
ridionale.  —  Polar,  del  polo 
sud. 

Southdown ;  una  razza  di  pe- 
core  inglesi;  — s,  colline  di 
Sussex. 

South-east;  sud-est.  —  — 
wind,  scirocco,  vento  da  sud- 
est. 

Southerly,  Southern ;  del  sud, 
meridionale.  Southerly  gale, 
burrasca  dal  sud. 

Southerner;     i.    meridionale. 

2.  separatista   (nella   guerra 
civile  degli  Stati  Uniti). 

Southernmost  point;  il  punto 
piu  al  sud. 

Southernwood ;  abrotine. 

South-west ;  sud-ovest. 

wind,  libeccio,  vento  da  sud- 
ovest. 

South-wester;  i.  burrasca  dal 
sud-ovest.  2.  cappello  ma- 
rinaresco. 

Souvenir;  ricordo. 

Sovereign;  i.  sovrano.  2.  lira 
sterlina,  sovrana. 

Sow;  i.  troia;  Wild  — ,  ci- 
gnale  femmina.  2.  salmone 
(di  piombo).  3.  seminare. 

Sow-bread ;  ciclamino,  pan 
porcino. 

Sow-thistle ;  cicerbita. 

Soy ;  salsa  giapponese,  fatta  dai 
semi  della  Soya  hispida. 

Spa ;  terme,  stazione  termale. 

Space;  i.  spazio,  luogo;  Boiler 
— ,  camera  delle  caldaie.  2. 
—  out,  spaziare,  ordinare 
secondo  Io  spazio,  disporre 
secondo  gl'  intervalli  richie- 
sti. 

Space-line;  interlinea. 

Spacing ;  scartamento. 

Spacious ;  spazioso,  ampio. 

Spade;   i.  vanga.     2.   picche. 

3.  Call  a  —  a  — ,  chiamar 
la  gatta  gatta  e  non  micia. 

Spadeful;  vangata. 

Spadille ;   spadiglia  (!'  asso  di 

picche). 

Spadix;  amento. 
Spalpeen ;  briccone. 
Span;   i.  pal  mo.     2.  larghezza, 

ampiezza,  portata  (arco),  du- 

rata.     3.   paio  (di  buoi).     4. 

traversare,  stare  attraverso  a. 

5.  —  roof,  tetto  a  capanna. 
Spandrel ;  timpano. 
Spangle ;   lustrino,  pezzetto  di 

mica  o  altra  cosa  scintillante. 
Spaniel ;     bracco     spagnuolo, 

cane  piccolo  dalle   orecchie 

penzoloni,      cane      maltese. 

Piedmontese  — ,  spinone. 
Spanish ;  spagnuolo. 
Spanish-broom  ;    ginestra  da 

Spagna. 
Spanish-chestnut ;     castagno 

coltivato. 

Spanish-fly;  cantaride. 
Spanish-grass;  sparto. 
Spank;  i.  sculacci-ata.    2.  -are. 
Spanker;  randa. 
Spanking;  gagliardo. 
Spanner;  chiave inglese, chiave 

a  vite.     Pox  — ,  chiave  per 

dadi. 


Spar;   i.  asta,  antenna,  abete, 

trave.        — s,        alberalura, 

antenne.       2.      spato.        3. 

battersi,  scaramucciare. 
Spar-deck;  controcoperta. 
Spare;    i.   magro,   smilzo.     2. 

di  riserva,  di  ricambio.     3. 

(mar.)  di   rispetto.       4.     - 

(time,    money),    d'    avanzo, 

avanzato,  disponibile. 

5.    far  di  meno.     6.   dare 

accordare   (vita).     7.  rispar- 

miare.     8.  far  grazia  di.     9. 
—  oneself,  conservare  le  sue 

forze. 

Spare -rib;  costola  di  maiale. 
Sparing ;  frugale,  economo. 
Spark;   i.  scintilla,  favilla.     2. 

damerino,  galante. 
Sparking-cam  ;  palmola  d'  ac- 

censione. 

Sparking-plug ;  candela. 
Sparkle;    i.  lustrino.     2.  scin- 

tillare,  luccicare. 
Sparkling ;     spumante,     spriz- 

zante. 

Sparrow ;  passera. 
Sparrow-hawk;  sparviere. 
Sparse ;  rado. 
Spasm ;  spasimo. 
Spasmodic;  spasmodico. 
Spat;     i.    fregola   d'   ostriche. 

2.  specie  di  uose  che  si  legano 

con    una    striscia    sotto    lo 

stivale. 
Spatch-cock ;  polio  arrostito  o 

bollito  subito  che  e  ucciso. 
Spate ;    piena    subitanea.      In 

— ,  in  piena. 
Spathe;  spata,  mestola. 
Spatter ;  spargere,  inzaccherare. 
Spatterdashes;  uose. 
Spatula;  mestichino. 
Spavin  ;  spavenio. 
Spawn;   i.  frega.     2.  andar  in 

fregola.     — ing  time,  tempo 

della  frega. 

Spay ;     castrare    animali    fern- 
mine. 
Speak;    i.  parlare.     2.  (mar.) 

parlamentare ;    Spoken,    in- 

contrato. 
Speaker;      i.      parlatore.       2. 

presidente    (della    Casa   dei 

Comuni).     3.  Last  — ,  pre- 

opinante. 
Speaking;      i.     —     likeness, 

ritratto  parlante.     2.    —  of, 

a  proposito  di. 
Speaking-trumpet;        porta- 

voce. 

Speaking-tube;  tubo acustico. 
Spear;   F.  lancia;  Hunting — , 

spiedo.      2.     trafiggere,    ar- 

pionare. 

Spearmint ;  menta  verde. 
Spearwort ;     ranuncolo    delle 

canne. 
Special;    id.,    particolaie.     - 

train,     treno     straordinario. 

—   pleading ;    ragionamento 

poco  schietto,  artifiziato. 
Special-ise,  -ism,  -ist,  -ity; 

id. 
Specialty ;    prodotto    o    com- 

mercio  speciale. 
Specie;      numerario,      danaro 

metallico. 

Species ;  specie,  classe. 
Specific;  id. 


ex 


SPECIFICATION— SPREE 


Specification;  specifics. 
Specify ;      specificare,      parti- 

colareggiare. 
Specimen ;  esemplare,  saggio, 

mostra,  campione. 
Specious;  id. 
Speck ;  macchietta,  chiazza. 
Speckled ;     moschettato,     pic- 

chiettato. 
Spectacle;    i.    spettaeolo.     2. 

— s,  occhiali. 
Spectacle-case;  astuccio  degli 

occhiali. 

Spectacular ;  teatrale. 
Spectator ;      assistente,     spet- 

tatore. 

Spectre,  Spectrum ;  spettro. 
Speculate ;  speculare. 
Speculum ;  specolo,  specillo. 
Speech;    i.   favella,   facolta  di 

parlare,  linguaggio.     i.  dis- 

corso. 

Speechify;  far  discorso  lungo. 
Speechless ;  muto,  interdetto. 
Speed;  i.  fretta.  i.  velocita. 

3.  v.  Hasten.     4.   Wish  God 

—  to,  augurare  felice  esito, 

felice  viaggio,  a. 
Speedily ;  subito,  tosto,  quanto 

prima. 

Speedwell;  veronica. 
Speedy ;    pronto,    rapido.      — 

return,  il  ritornar  tosto. 
Spell;    i.    malia,    fascino.     2. 

breve  tempo,  qualche  tempo. 

3.     riposo.      4.     compitare, 

scrivere.     5.    —   out,    com- 
pitare lettera  a  lettera. 
Speller ;  ortografista. 
Spelling ;  ortografia,  gratia. 
Spelling-book ;  sillabario. 
Spelt;  spelta,  farro. 
Spelter;  zinco. 
Spencer;     i.     spenser,     abito 

senza  falde.     2.  randa. 
Spend;    i.  spendere,  sborsare. 

2 .  esaurire. 
Spendthrift ;         spendereccio, 

scialacquatore,  mangiatutto. 
Spent    shot ;    palla    morta    o 

stracca. 
Spermaceti;    id.,    bianco    di 

balena. 

Spermatic ;  id. 
Sperm-whale;  capidoglio. 
Spew ;  vomitare. 
Sphere;  sfera. 
Sphinx;  sfinge. 
Spice ;     i .     spezie,     spezierie. 

2.      tintura,      pochino.       3. 

condire. 
Spick  and  span ;  pulitissimo, 

nuovo  di  zecca. 
Spicy ;  piccante,  sugoso. 
Spider;      ragno.       — 's     web, 

ragnatelo. 

Spiderwort ;  fiore  d'  un  giorno. 
Spigot ;  zipolo. 
Spike;    i.  spiga.     2.    caviglia, 

puntone,  chiodo  grosso.     3. 

inchiodare  (cannone).     4.  — 

oneself,      ferirsi      con      una 

caviglia,  inlilzarsi,  farsi  pene- 

trare  o  trafiggere  da. 
Spike-lavender;  spigo. 
Spikenard  ;  radici  del  nardo. 
Spiky  ;  aguzzo. 
Spile  ;  zipolo. 
Spill;      i.      fidibus,      accendi- 

candela   cii  carta.     2.    ribal- 


tamento,    caduta.     3.    span- 

dere,      versare,     rovesciare ; 

He  has  spilt  a  lot  of  ink  on 

the    table-cloth,    ha   versato 

non     so    quanto    inchiostro 

sulla  tovaglia. 
Spillikins ;       bastoncini       da 

giuocare. 
Spin;    i.    filare ;    —  out,  pro- 

lungare,  mandate    in   lungo. 

i.  far  girare.     3.   trottolare. 

4.    Go    for   a   — ,   fare   una 

bella  passeggiata. 
Spinach  ;  spinacio. 
Spinal;  id. 
Spindle  ;  fuso,  asse. 
Spindle-wood ;  fusaggine. 
Spine;  spina. 
Spinet ;  spinetta. 
Spinney  ;  boschetto. 
Spinning ;  filatura. 
Spinning-jenny;  macchinada 

filare,  tilatoio  meccanico. 
Spinning-mill ;  filanda. 
Spinning-top  ;  trottola. 
Spinning-wheel ;  filatoio. 
Spinster;  zitella. 
Spiraea  ;  spirea. 
Spiral ;  id.     —  coil,  spiru. 
Spire ;    alta   freccia   di   pietra, 

altissima  guglia  (sormontante 

una  torre). 
Spirit;    i.    spirito.     2.    animo, 

disposizione,       natura.       3. 

spirito   di    vino.     4.    Good, 

Bad,  — s,  umore  gaio,  triste; 

His    — s   rose,   divenne   piu 

allegro,      j.    — •  away,   fare 

sparire  segretamente,  toglier 

via  per  incanto. 
Spirit-dealer;  liquorista. 
Spirited;  spiritoso,  focoso. 
Spirit-lamp ;  lampada  a  spiri- 
to. 
Spiritless ;   senza  spirito,   ab- 

battuto,  pigro,  fiaccone. 
Spirit-level ;    livello    a    bolla 

d'  aria. 
Spirit-merchant ;    negoziante 

di  spiriti. 

Spirit-rapping;  spiritismo. 
Spirit-room ;     magazzino     di 

spiriti  a  bordo. 
Spirit-stirring ;     focoso,    che 

sveglia     1'     animo,     vivace, 

brioso. 
Spirit-store ;     magazzino     di 

liquori. 

Spiritual,  -ism,  -ist,  -ity ;  id. 
Spirituous;  spiritoso. 
Spirt ;      schizzare,      spruzzare, 

zampillare. 
Spit;   i.  spiede.     2.  saliva.     3. 

in    digging,    litta,    puntata. 

4.  schidionare,  infilzare.     5. 

sputare. 
Spitchcock  ;  cuocere  sulla  gra- 

tella  (anguilla  spaccata  per  il 

lungo). 
Spite  ;    i.  dispetto,  astio,  catti- 

veria,    risentimento ;    In   — 

of,  a  dispetto  di,  ad  onta  di, 

malgrado.     ?.  far  dispiacere 

a,  tormentare. 
Spiteful ;     astioso,     malevolo, 

malintenzionato,     malizioso. 

—  witticism,  arguta   maldi- 

cenza. 
Spitfire;  collerico,   che  sprizza 

fuoco. 


Spittle  ;  sputn,  saliva. 

Spittoon  ;  sputacchiera. 

Spitz-dog ;  cane  iupetto. 

Splash;  i.pillacchera, zacchera. 
2.  inzaccherare,  fare  schiz- 
zare. 3.  sguazzare ;  — 
through  the  mud.camminare 
faticosamente  nel  fango. 

Splashboard ;  parafango. 

Splay;  i.  strombo.  2.  spal- 
letta.  3.  strombare. 

Splay-foot ;  piede  patto  e  pie- 
gato  all'  infuori. 

Spleen ;  milza. 

Spleenwort ;  scolopendria. 

Splendid,  Splendour ;  id. 

Splenetic ;  atrabiliare. 

Splice;  i.  impiombare.  — 
the  main  brace,  trincare. 
2.  unire,  riunire ;  Get  — d, 
maritarsi. 

Splint ;  stecca,  incannucciata. 

Splinter;  i.  sverza,  scheggia. 
2.  spaccare,  spezzare. 

Splinter-bar;  bilancino. 

Split;  i.  fessura,  spaccatura. 
2.  fendere,  spaccare.  3.  — 
with  laughter,  scoppiare  delle 
risa.  4.  —  on  a  rock,  in- 
frangersi  su  uno  scoglio.  5. 
—  (with),  separarsi  (da). 
6.  dividere,  spartire.  7.  A 
— ting  headache,  un  mal  di 
testa  da  impazzare.  8.  di- 
vulgare  (segreto).  9. 
hairs,  cavillare.  10.  —  open, 
aprire  a  forza. 

Split-ring;  anello  spaccato. 

Splotch ;  macchiona. 

Splutter;  barbugliare. 

Spode ;  avorio  calcinate. 

Spoil ;  i.  preda,  spoglia.  2. 
guastare,  rovinare,  corrom- 
persi.  3.  inviziare. 

Spoke  ;  razza.  Put  a  —  in  his 
wheel,  mettergli  un  bastone 
nelle  ruote. 

Spokeshave ;  coltello  a  due 
manichi  da  alberanti,  tira- 
petto. 

Spokesman ;  oratore,  chi  pren- 
de  la  parola. 

Spoliation ;  spoliazione. 

Spondaic ;  id. 

Spondee;  spondeo. 

Sponge;  i.  spugna.  2.  sco- 
volo.  3.  pulire  con  una 
spugna.  4.  scroccare  ;  He 
—d  a  supper  out  of  him, 
gli  scrocco  una  cena ;  Live  by 
sponging  upon  other  people, 
campare  a  ufo,  alle  spese 
d'  altrui.  5.  Throw  up  the 
— ,  confessarsi  vinto.  6.  — 
out,  scancellare  con  una 
spugna. 

Sponge-cake ;  pan  di  Spa- 
gna. 

Sponger;  scroccone. 

Sponginess ;  spugnosita. 

Sponging-house;  custodia  per 
debitori  prima  di  metterli  in 
.  prigione. 

Spongy ;  spugnoso. 

Sponsons ;  giardinetti  del  tam- 
buccio. 

Sponsor ;  comare,  compare. 

Spontaneous;  spontaneo. 

Spook ;  spirito,  spettro. 

Spool ;  rocchetto. 


Spoon;  i.  cucchiaio;  Tea  — , 
cucchiaino  ;  Gravy  — ,  cuc- 
chiaione  ;  Salt  — ,  cucchiaino 
da  sale,  palettina  da  sale. 
2.  amoreggiare. 

Spoon-bill ;  spatola. 

Spoonful ;  cucchiaiata. 

Spoony;  i.  cascamorto,  dis- 
posto  ad  innamorarsi.  2.  in- 
namorato. 

Spoor;  traccia. 

Sporadic ;  id. 

Spore;  spora. 

Sporran ;  borsa  da  montanaro 
scozzese. 

Sport;  i.  sport,  i.  scherzo, 
passatempo.  3.  caccia,  pe- 
sca.  4.  In  — ,  per  ridere. 
5.  Make  —  of,  farsi  beffe  di. 
6.  divertirsi.  7.  portare, 
far  vedere.  8.  —  one's  oak, 
chiudere  la  porta  esteriore. 

Sporting ;  da  caccia. 

Sportive ;  leggiero,  gioviale, 
giocoso,  lestevole. 

Sportsman ;  sportsman,  cul- 
tore  dello  sport. 

Spot;  i.  luogo.  2.  macchia, 
punto  nero.  3.  segno.  4. 
On  the  — ,  (a)  in  buo- 
na  vena,  (/>)  immantinente, 
senz'  altro  ;  Fall  dead  on 
the  — ,  cader  morto  stec- 
chito. 

5.  osservare,  scoprire,  ri- 
conoscere.  6.  metter  (la 
palla)  sul  segno.  7.  — ted, 
macchiato,  picchiettato. 

Spotless ;  senza  macchia,  senza 
colpa. 

Spotted  crake ;  voltolino. 

Spotted  fly-catcher ;  piglia- 
mosche. 

Spotty ;  macchiato,  chiazzato, 
punteggiata  (stoffa). 

Spouse ;  spos-o,  -a. 

Spout ;    i .   grondaia,  zampillo. 

2.  tubo,    becco,    beccuccio. 

3.  sgorgare,  gettare.     4.  de- 
clamare.     5.    —   up,    schiz- 
zare. 

Sprain;  i.  slogatura,  storta. 
2.  slogare,  storcere. 

Sprat ;  specie  di  clupea  piu 
piccola  dell'  aringa. 

Sprawl ;  prostendersi  o  sdrai- 
arsi  sgarbatamente. 

Spray;  i.  spuma,  spruzzo.  2. 
ramicello,  frasca.  3.  cospar- 
gere. 

Sprayer ;  spruzzatore,  asper- 
sorio. 

Spread;  i.  estensione.  t.  dis- 
persione.  3.  sfoggio  di  co- 
mestibili.  4.  stendere,  span- 
dere,  sparpagliare,  spargere. 
5.  spiegare,  allargare.  6.  met- 
tere  (tovaglia).  7. — abroad, 
divulgare,  pubblicare.  8.  — 
over,  (a)  coprire,  (k)  —  pay- 
ment over  five  years,  pagare 
con  cinque  rate  annuali;  Pay- 
ment may  be  —  over  as  long  a 
period  as  you  please,  si  pub 
pagare  a  rate  per  qualunque 
tempo  a  piacere. 

Spread-eagle  ;  aquila  colle  ali 
distese. 

Spree ;  i.  baldoria,  scappata, 
farsa.  2.  (geogr.)  Sprea. 


SPRIG— STAPLE 


CXI 


Sprig ;  rampollo,  ramoscello. 
Sprightly ;    gaio,    allegro,    le- 

sto. 
Spring;   i.  primavera.    2.  bal- 

zo,    slancio.       3.    sorgente, 

polla.     4.  molla. 

5.  saltare,  balzare.    6.  pro- 
venire,  prendere  origine,  na- 

scere.     7.  fare  scoppiare.    8. 

v.  Crack  (4).     9.  —  up,  al- 

zarsi  (vento). 

Spring-board ;  trampoline. 
Spring-halt;  v.  String-halt. 
Spring-mattress ;  materasso 

elastico,  a  molla. 
Spring-tide;     marea    grande, 

cioe  di  plenilunio  o  novilu- 

nio. 
Spring-water;  acqua  di  polla, 

acqua  sorgiva. 

Springe  ;  calappio  da  scatto. 
Springy;  elastico. 
Sprinkle ;  spruzzare,  aspergere. 
Sprinkler ;  spruzzatore. 
Sprint ;  correre  a  tutto  potere. 
Sprint  race ;  corsa  breve. 
Sprinter ;    chi    s'    allena    per 

poter     correre     velocissima- 

mente  per  piccole  distanze. 
Sprit ;  buttafuori. 
Sprite ;  folletto. 
Spritsail ;  vela  a  tarchia. 
Sprocket-wheel;  ruotamotrice 

a   punte,  ingranaggio,   mota 

a  impronta.     Lift  on  to  the 

,  ingranare. 

Sprout ;     i.    germoglio,    tallo. 

2.  germogliare.     3.   — s,  ca- 
voli  di  Brusselle. 

Spruce;  attillato. 

Spruce  fir ;  abete. 

Spry ;  vivace,  vivo. 

Spud ;  zappetta,  specie  di  sar- 

chio  a  ferro  corto  e  manico 

lungo. 

Spunge ;  v.  Sponge. 
Spunk;   i.   esca.     i.  coraggio. 
Spur;    i.   sprone,  sperone.     v. 

contrafforte   (di    montagna). 

3.  stimolo;   Upon  the  —  of 
the    moment,    cosi    su    due 
piedi.       4.    spronare,    ecci- 
tare. 

Spurge  ;  erba  lazza,  catapuzia, 

euforbia. 

Spurge  laurel ;  (aureola. 
Spurious;   spurio,  falso,  con- 

traffatto. 
Spurn  ;  respingere  con  disprez- 

zo,  sdegnare. 

Spurrey  ;  spergola  de"  campi. 
Spurt ;  sforzo  a  tutto  potere  per 

breve  tempo. 
Sputa  ;  gli  spurghi. 
Sputter;   i.  sputacchiare,   bar- 

bugliare.     2.  schizzare. 
Spy;     i.    spia.       2.    —    into, 

scrutare,     spiare ;     —    out, 

scoprire,  scorgere. 
Spy-glass ;  canocchiale. 
Squab ;  cuscino  piatto  e  dense. 
Squabble  ;  questionarsi,  abba- 

ruffarsi. 
Squacco   heron;   sgarza  ciuf- 

fetto. 
Squad ;      squadra,     drappello. 

Awkward    — ,    squadra    di 

reclute. 

Squadron ;  squadra,  squadrone. 
Squalid ;  squallido. 


Squall;  i.  raffica.  2.  v. 
Scream. 

Squally ;  burrascoso,  a  raffiche. 

Squalor;  squallore. 

Squander;  scialacquare,  sper- 
perare. 

Square;  i.  piazza,  2.  squadra. 
3.  scacco.  4.  vetro.  5. 
quadrate ;  On  the  — ,  leal- 
mente  ;  —  root,  radice  qua- 
drata. 

6.  ad  angolo  retto,  in  i- 
squadra.  7.  pareggiato  (con- 
to),  pari(numero),sostanzioso 
(pasto).  8.  giusto,  onesto. 
9.  in  croce  (pennoni). 

10.  quadrare,  metier  in 
regola,  bilanciare,  pareggi- 
are  (conto).  1 1 .  agguagliare, 
aggiustare,  addattare.  it. 
convenire.  1 3.  bracciare 
(pennone). 

14.  Out  of  — ,  a  falsa 
quadra.  15.  All  — ,  al  pari. 
16.  Get  —  with,  sdebitarsi 
con.  17.  —  up  to,  farsi  a 
per  fare  a  pugni,  prender 
1'  attitudine  di  pugilatore. 

Square-built ;  dalle  spalle 
quad  re. 

Square-rigged;  quadro  (nave). 

Square-toes;  puntiglioso. 

Squash;  i.  calca  fitta.  2. 
Lemon  — ,  spremuta  di  li- 
mone.  3.  —  gourd,  zucca 
verde.  4.  schiacciare. 

Squashy ;  molle  ed  umido,  pol- 
tiglioso. 

Squat;    i.    tozzo.      i.    acquat- 

tarsi,  accoccolarsi. 
•  Squatted ;  rannicchiato. 

Squatter;  i.  grosso  proprie- 
tario  di  pecore  (in  Australia). 
2.  chi  pianta  casa  in  un  luo- 
go  abbandonato,  intruso. 

Squeak  ;  sibilare,  guaire,  cigo- 
lare,  squittire. 

Squeal;  guaire,  strillare. 

Squeamish ;  r.  soggetto  alle 
nausee.  2.  fastidioso,  schiz- 
zinoso,  troppo  delicate. 

Squeegee ;  asciugatoio  di  gom- 
ma  elastica. 

Squeeze;  i.  spremitura,  com- 
pressione,  stretta  (di  mano), 
pressa,  serra,  calca.  2.  striz- 
zare,  spremere,  comprimere, 
stringere.  3.  —  out,  fare 
uscire,  sbarrazzarsi  di. 

Squelch;  i.  schiacciare.  2. 
annientare. 

Squib;  r.  razzetto,  salterello. 
i.  pasquinata. 

Squill;  scilla. 

Squint;  i.  sguardo  torto,  stra- 
bismo.  2.  guardar  guercio, 
guardar  di  traverse.  3.  — ing, 
guercio. 

Squire;  i.  scudiero.  2.  pro- 
prietario  campagnuolo. 

Squirearchy ;  i  proprietari  di 
beni  stabili  nella  campagna. 

Squireen ;  proprietario  piccolo. 

Squirm ;  storcersi. 

Squirrel;  sceiattolo. 

Squirt;  i.  siringa,  schizzetto, 
schizzatoio.  2.  zampillare, 
schizzare. 

Squirting  -  cucumber  ;  coco- 
mero  asinino  amaro. 


Stab ;  i.  pugnalata.  2.  pu- 
gnalare,  dare  una  coltellata  a. 
3.  — bing  pain,  trafittura. 

Stability;  id. 

Stable ;  i.  stalla,  scuderia. 
2.  stabile,  costante. 

Stable-boy ;  mezzo  di  stalla. 

Stableman;  stalliere. 

Stable-yard ;  cortile  di  scu- 
deria. 

Stabling;  stallaggio. 

Stack;  i.  mucchio,  cumulo, 
bica,  barca,  catasta,  pagliaio, 
fascio  (di  fucili).  2.  abbicare, 
accatastare. 

Stadtholder;  statolder. 

Staff;  i .  bastone,  asta,  bordone. 

2.  state  maggiore ;    —  offi- 
cers,   ufficiali   d'   ordinanza. 

3.  personale,  impiegati.     4. 
Be  — ed  by,  avere  il  personale 
composto  di. 

Stag;  cervo. 

Stag-beetle;  cervo  volante. 
Stage ;    i.   scena,  palcoscenico. 
2.    grade,    fase.      3.    tappa. 

4.  v.   Staging. 

Stage-coach;  diligenza,  posta. 
Stage -direction;  direzione  di 

scenica. 

Stager ;  Old  — ,  volpone,  volpe 
vecchia. 

Stage-whisper;  a  parte. 

Stagger;  i.  barcollare.  2.  far 
vacillare,  scuotere,  allarmare. 

Staggers ;  vertigini. 

Stag-hound ;  segugio. 

Staging;  castello,  palco,  tavo- 
lato. 

Stagnant ;  id. 

Stagnation ;  ristagno. 

Staid ;  posato,  serio. 

Stain;  i.  macchia.  2.  mac- 
chiare.  3.  tingere,  colorare. 

Stair;  grado,  scalino.  Up  one 
pair  of  — s,  al  prime  piano. 

Staircase  ;  scala,  scalone. 
Winding  — ,  scala  a  chioc- 
ciola. 

Stake;  i.  pale,  steccone.  2. 
rogo  (supplizio).  3.  posta. 
4.  giocare,  porre  (posta), 
rischiare.  5.  Our  honour  is 
at  — ,  ce  ne  va  dell'  onore. 
6.  —  out,  segnare  con  pioli. 

Stalactite ;  stalattite. 

Stale;    i.    stantio,   scipito.     — 
bread,    pane    raffermo  ;    - 
news,    notizia    vecchia.      2. 
orinare  (cavallo). 

Stalemate;  stallo. 

Stateness;  qualita  stantia. 

Stalk;  i.  stelo,  gambo,  tor- 
solo.  2.  camminare  a  passi 
lunghi.  3.  andare  a  caccia 
senza  lasciarsi  vedere. 

Stalking-horse ;  cavallo  di  ri- 
paro. 

Stalky  ;  duro  come  la  stoppia. 

Stall;  i.  stalla,  stallino.  3.  bot- 
tega  posticcia,  botteguccia, 
desco  (di  beccaio  o  ciabat- 
tino).  3.  stallo,  scanno,  se- 
dile  (nel  core).  4.  poltrona 
(nel  teatro). 

Stall-holder;  i.  rivendugliolo. 
i.  chi  sta  a  vendere  in  una 
fiera  di  beneficenza. 

Stallion  ;  st  ulone. 

Stalwart ;  robusto,  gagliarclo. 


Stamen ;  stame. 

Stamina ;  forza,  capacita  di 
adoperar  le  proprie  forze  lun- 
go tempo. 

Stammer;  balbettare. 

Stammerer ;  balbuziente,  tarta- 
glione. 

Stamp ;  i.  stampa,  impronta, 
segno,  belle,  marca,  marchio. 
2.  francobollo.  3.  maglio, 
mazzuolo.  4.  punzone. 

5.  improntare,  bollare.  6. 
francare  ;  — ed  envelope,  bus- 
ta  affrancata.  7.  scalpitare, 
pestare  il  piede.  8.  —  upon, 
calpestare. 

Stamp-act;  legge  sul  belle. 

Stamp-collector;  collezionista 
di  francobolli. 

Stampede ;  fuga  precipitata. 

Stamping-mill ;  frangitoio, 
macchina  per  tritare  il  mine- 
rale  grezzo. 

Stamp-office  ;  uffizio  di  belle. 

Stanch ;  ristagnare. 

Stanchion ;  puntello,  cande- 
liere. 

Stand;  i . luogo, stazione, posto. 
2.  pausa.  3.  sostegno,  reg- 
gi-,  porta- ;  Photograph  — , 
portaritratti.  4.  banco  (di 
bazar).  5.  tribuna (alle corse), 
tavolato,  palco.  6.  resistenza. 
7.  intoppo,  imbarazzo. 

8.  stare,  essere,  rimanere 
in  piedi,  fermarsi,  porsi.  9. 
presentarsi  (come  candidate). 
10.  esser  valido.  n.  (mar. ) 
far  rotta.  12.  sopportare, 
tollerare. 

Stand  aloof;  appartarsi. 

Stand  by ;  spalleggiare. 

Stand  over ;  esser  rimesso. 

Stand  up ;  alzarsi.  —  for, 

sostenere  le  parti  di. 

Stand  with  ;  esser  conforme  a. 

Standard;  i.  modello,  tipo, 
norma,  modello,  regolatore. 
2.  stendardo.  3.  —  price, 
prezzo  di  tarifla  ;  —  work, 
opera  classica ;  —  tree,  ar- 
busto  in  piena  terra.  4. 
grado. 

Standard-bearer ;  gonfalo- 
niere. 

Standing;   i.  posizione,  range. 

2.  Of  old  — ,  vecchio.      3. 
— army.esercito  permanente. 
4.   stagname.      5.   in  piedi. 
6.  diritto,  ritto.     7.  costante, 
perpetuo.     8.    —  order,   or- 
dine  permanente  ;  —  orders, 
regolamenti  permanenti  (delle 
Case  del  Parlamento) ;  I  gave 
him  a  —  order  to  supply  me 
with...,  gli  ho  date  un  ordine 
fisso  di  inviarmi.... 

Stand-pipe ;  tube  verticale  con 

robinetto. 
Standpoint ;    base,    punto    di 

vista. 
Standstill ;  At  a  — ,  ridotto  ad 

inazione.    Come  to  a  — ,  non 

poter  andare  piu  avanti. 
Stanza ;     id.,    strofe,    terrina, 

quatrina. 
Staple ;    i.    staffa,  anello.     2. 

prodotto  o  derrata  principale. 

3.  (wool)  of  short  — ,  di  fibra 
corta. 


CX11 


STAR— STINGY 


Star;    Stella,   astro.      Evening 

— ,  espero. 
Star  of  Bethlehem  ;   latte  di 

gallina. 

Starboard;  trihordo. 
Starch;    i.  amido.      2.   inami- 

dare,  insaldare. 
Stare ;    i.   sguardo  impudente. 

2.  guardare  impudentemente, 

guardar  fisso. 
Star-fish;  asteria. 
Staring;     i.     stralunato.       2. 

chiassoso  (colore). 
Stark;   tutto,  tutt'  affatto.     — 

mad,  pazzo  a  catene. 
Star-light ;  luce  delle  stelle. 
Starling;  i.  stornello.    2.  pigna 

(di  ponte). 

Starred  ;  segnato  con  una  stella. 
Starry ;  seminato  di  stelle. 
Start;   i.  sobbalzo,  soprassalto. 

1.  primo  passo.     3.  vantag- 
gio,  giunta  ;  He  gave  me  a 
—  of  ten  points,  mi  diede  un 
vantaggio  di  dieci  punti.     4. 
partenza. 

5.  balzare,  trasalire.  6. 
far  nascere.  7.  dare  il  seg- 
nale,  della  partenza,  far  par- 
tire.  8.  accampare,  mettere 
innanzi.  9.  disgiungersi.  10. 
prender  le  mosse,  partire. 
11.  levare  (lepre).  12.  met- 
tere in  moto. 

Starter;  lo  starter. 

Star-thistle ;  calcitrapa. 

Starting-place ;  le  mosse. 

Startle ;  far  trasalire. 

Startling ;  sorprendente,  spa- 
ventoso. 

Starvation  ;  fame,  inanizione. 

Starve;  i.  morir  di  fame.  2. 
affamare.  3.  —  out,  ridurre 
o  domare  per  fame. 

Starveling;  affamato. 

State;  i.  stato.  2.  esporre, 
dire,  dichiarare.  3.  Lie  in 
— ,  stare  sul  letto  mortuario 
in  uniforme. 

State-cabin ;  camerino. 

State  -  carriage  ;  carrozza  di 
gala. 

State-craft ;  astuzia  politica. 
Master  of  — ,  politico  astuto. 

Stated;  fisso,  determinate. 

Stately ;  maestoso,  orgoglioso. 

Statement ;  esposizione,  di- 
chiarazione,  resoconto. 

State-room;  v.  State-cabin. 

Statesman  ;  uomo  di  stato. 

Statics ;  statica. 

Station ;     i.    stazione,    posto. 

2.  appostare. 
Stationary ;  stazionario. 
Stationer ;  cartolaio. 
Stationery;  cartoleria.    Fancy 

— ,  cartoleria  di  lusso. 
Statistics;  statistica. 
Statuary;    i.   statue,      i.   sta- 

tuario. 

Statue ;  statua. 
Statuesque ;  come  una  statua. 

In  a  —  attitude,  atteggiato 

da  statua. 

Statuette ;  figurina,  stucchino. 
Stature ;  statura,  taglia. 
Status;  stato. 
Statute ;    legge,    statute. 

book,  codice. 
Statutory;  statutario. 


Staunch ;  fermo,  vero,  devoto. 
Stave;   i.  doga.     i.  strofa.     3. 

—  in,  sfondare,  rompere.    4. 
-    off,    (a)    respingere,    (b) 

ritardare. 

Stavesacre ;  stafisagria. 
Stay;    i.  dimora.     2.  indugio. 

3.  puntello,  tirante,  straglio. 

4.  stare,   rimanere.      5.    — 
away,  non  venire.    6.  —  up, 
•v.  Sit  up. 

Stay-at-home;  casalingo. 
Stay-lace  ;  lacciolo  di  busto. 
Staymaker;  bustaia. 
Stays;     i.    busto.      2.     (war.) 

In  — ,  davanti  al  vento. 
Stay- sail ;  vela  di  straglio. 
Stead ;  Stand  in  good  — ,  esser 

utilissimo  a. 

Steadfast ;  fermo,  fisso. 
Steadily ;  costantemente. 
Steady ;   i .  fermo,  solido,  fisso, 

costante,   assiduo.      2.   fatto 

(vento).       3.    posato,    serio. 

4.     reggente    al    mare.       5. 

render  piu  savio. 
Steak;  fetta.    Beef — ,  bistecca. 
Steal ;    rubare.       —   away,   an- 

darsene  furtivamente.    —  on, 

avanzarsi  insensibilmente. 
Stealth ;   By  — ,  di  soppiatto, 

di  nascosto. 

Stealthy  ;  clandestino,  segreto. 
Steam;  i.  vapore  ;  At  full  — , 

atuttaforza;  Under — ,  sotto 

vapore.     2.  camminare,  cor- 

rere,  navigare.     3.  metter  in 

un  bagno  a  vapore,  esporre 

al  vapore. 

Steam-bath;  bagno  a  vapore. 
Steamboat ;  battello  a  vapore. 
Steam  consumption ;  consu- 
me di  vapore. 
Steam-engine ;     macchina    a 

vapore. 
Steamer ;     piroscafo,     vapore. 

Mail     — ,     vapore    postale. 

Screw  — ,  piroscafo  ad  elica. 

Paddle  — ,  piroscafo  a  ruote. 

Passenger  — ,  vapore  da  pas- 

seggieri. 

Steam-gauge;  manometro. 
Steam-hammer ;      maglio     a 

vapore. 
Steam-whistle ;     fischietto    a 

vapore. 
Steamy ;    pieno   o   coperto   di 

vapore. 
Stearine  ;  id. 

Steed ;  cavalcatura,  destriero. 
Steel;  i.acciaio.    2.  acciaiuolo. 

3.  ferruginoso  (vino).    4.  for- 

tificare,  indurire  (cuore). 
Steelyard ;  stadera. 
Steep;     i.     erto,    ripido.       2. 

macerare,  bagnare,  inzuppare, 

imbevere. 
Steeple ;  campanile  (a  foggia  di 

freccia). 
Steeple-chase;    corsa  ad  os- 

tacoli. 
Steeply ;  a  pendio  rapido,  erta- 

mente,  con  pendenza  ripida. 
Steepness ;      pendenza,     ripi- 

dezza. 
Steer  ;  i.  manzo,  bue  giovane. 

2.  governare,  tener  il  timone, 

dirigersi;     The    ship    steers 

well,  la  nave  governa  bene. 
Steerage;     stirice,     posti     dei 


passeggieri    di    terza   classe. 

—  passenger,  passeggiere  di 
terza  classe. 

Steerage  way ;  cammino 
bastevole  acciocche  la  nave 
segua  il  timone,  buon  cam- 
mino. Have  no ,  non 

governare. 

Steerer;  timoniere. 

Stellar;  id. 

Stem;  i.  stelo,  gatnbo.  2. 
ceppo,  tronco.  3.  piede 
(di  bicchiere).  4.  prua, 
ruota  di  prora.  5.  razza, 
schiatta.  6.  resistere  a, 
arrestare,  andar  contro  a. 

Stench  ;  puzzo. 

Stencil ;  imprimere  collo  stam- 
pino.  —  plate,  stampino. 

Stenography;  id. 

Stentorian ;  stentoreo. 

Step;  i.  passo.  2.  scalino, 
gradino,  predellino.  3.  pe- 
data,  pianta  o  piano  dello 
scalino.  4.  andatura.  5.  tra- 
versina,  piuolo.  6.  monta- 
toio ;  Pairof — s,scala  doppia. 
7.  Library  — s,  scaleo.  8. 
Keep  —  with,  andare  di  pari 
passo  con. 

9.  andare,  fare  un  passo, 
metter  il  piede  su.  10.  met- 
tere (albero)  in  iscassa.  n. 

—  forward,  avanzarsi.    12. — 
in,  (a)  entrare,  (6)  intervenire. 
13.  — out,  (a)  uscire,  (b)  cam- 
minar  presto.     14.  —  up,  sa- 
lire. 

Step-brother;  fratellastro. 

Step-daughter ;  figliastra. 

Step-father;  patrigno. 

Step-ladder;  scaleo. 

Step-mother;  matrigna. 

Steppe;  steppa. 

Stepper;  trottatore. 

Stepping-stones ;  sassi  posti 
per  traversare  un  pantano. 

Step-sister;  sorellastra. 

Step -son ;  figliastro. 

Stercoraceous ;  stercoraceo. 

Stereo-scope,  -type;  id. 

Sterile;  i,L 

Sterling;  i.  sterlino.  2.  vero, 
di  buona  qualita. 

Stern;  i.  poppa.  2.  rigido, 
duro,  severo. 

Stern-sheets  ;  banco  di  poppa. 

Sternum ;  sterno. 

Stethoscope ;  stetoscopio. 

Stevedore ;  stivatore. 

Stew;  i.  umido,  fricassea,  in- 
tingolo,  ragu,  stufato,  com- 
posta.  2.  In  a  — ,  imbro- 
gliato,  infastidito.  3.  Irish 
— ,  umido  di  castrato  con 
patate.  4.  stufare,  far  cuo- 
cere  a  fuoco  lento. 

Steward ;  fattore,  maggiordomo, 
dispensiere,  cameriere.econo- 
mo,  commesso  ai  viveri. 

Stewardess ;  cameriera. 

Stew-pan ;  padella,  casserola, 
stufaiola. 

Stick;  i.  bastone,  bastoncino, 
mazza,  stecco,  bacchetta ; 
Bundle  of  — s,  faslello  di 
legna  ;  Small  — s,  legne  mi- 
nute. 2.  manico. 

3.  appiccare,  attaccare.  4. 
trafiggere.  5.  porre.  6.  ade- 


rire.  7.  arrestarsi,  impac- 
ciarsi,  impiastricciarsi.  8.  — 
at,  farsi  scrupolo  di.  9.  — 
by,  spalleggiare,  restar  fidele 
a.  10.  —  on,  (a)  rimanere 
in  selia,  (S)  appiccicare,  in- 
collare.  n.  —  out,  (a)  te- 
ner fermo,  persistere,  non 
voler  esser  d'  accordo,  (b) 
sporgere,  (c)  —  out  beyond, 
oltrepassare.  12.  —  to,  (a) 
perseverare  in,  (b)  —  to  it, 
non  lasciarsi  vincere,  (c)  — 
to  business,  accudere  agli 
affari.  13.  —  up,  alzarsi. 

Stickiness ;  viscosita,  tenacita. 

Sticking  -  plaster  ;  cerotto. 
Court  — ,  taffeta  inglese. 

Stickleback;  gasterosteo,  spi- 
narello,  spinello. 

Stickler ;  partigiano,  attaccato 
(alle  regole).  Be  a  great  — 
for,  tener  molto  a. 

Sticky ;  glutinoso,  appiccicatic- 
cio,  viscido.  My  lingers  are 
all  — ,  le  mie  dita  sono  ap- 
piccicose. 

Stiff;     i.     duro,    rigido,    forte. 

1.  impalato,   stecchito,    irri- 
gidito.     3.  ostinato,  inflessi- 
bile.     4.    assiderato,  intiriz- 
zito,  indolenzito  ;  I  have  got 
a  —  neck,  il  collo  mi   s'  e 
indurito,    ho    un    torcicollo. 
5.  stentato. 

Stiffen  ;  indurire,  intirizzire. 

Stiffening;  i.  anima  (di  col- 
letto,  bavero,  etc.),  forte  (di 
una  scarpa),  contrafforte, 
sostegno,  cambriglione.  2. 
indurimento. 

Stiffly  ;  con  durezza,  con  sus- 
siego,  inflessibilmente. 

Stiff-necked;  caparbio. 

Stiffness;    i.    indolenzimento. 

2.  consistenza,   durezza.     3. 
aria  dura,  sussiego. 

Stifle;  i.  giuntura  del  ginoc- 
chio  della  gamba  posteriore 
del  cavallo.  2.  soffocare. 

Stifling  ;  soffocante,  affannoso. 

Stigma;  i.  marchio  d'  infamia, 
macchia.  2.  (bol.)  stimma. 

Stigmata;  stimate. 

Stigmatize ;  stimatizzare. 

Stile ;  barriera  (sormontabile). 

Stiletto;  id.,  pugnale. 

Still;  i.  lambicco,  distilleria. 
2.  tranquillo,  sereno,  im- 
mobile ;  life,  natura 
morta.  3.  tranquillare,  cal- 
mare.  4.  anche,  tuttora, 
sempre,  ancora  oggi,  tuttavia, 
per  altro ;  —  more,  anche 
piii,  a  piii  forte  ragione. 

Still-born ;  nato  morto. 

Stillness;  riposo,  calma. 

Stilt;  i.  trampolo.  2.  cava- 
lier d'  Italia  (uccello). 

Stilted ;  pomposo,  scelto,  am- 
polloso,  gonfio. 

Stimulus;  stimolo. 

Sting;  i.  pungiglione.  2. 
puntura.  3.  pungente;  The 
sarcasm  had  lost  its  — ,  il 
sarcasmo  non  pungeva  piu. 
4.  pungere,  irritare. 

Stinger;  colpo  al  vivo. 

Stingo ;  birra  vecchia. 

Stingy ;  taccagno,  spilorcio. 


STINK— STRIDENT 


CXlll 


Stink;   i.  puzzo,  fetore,  lezzo. 

1.  puzzare. 

Stinking;  puzzolente. 
Stint;    i.   Without  — ,  abbon- 

dantemente,  liberamente.  2. 
restringere,  risparmiare ;  To 
—  oneself,  stare  a  stecchetto, 
privarsi  del  necessario.  3. 
gambecchio. 

Stipend ;  stipendio. 

Stipendiary ;  stipendiato. 

Stipple ;  punteggiare. 

Stipulate;  stipulare. 

Stipule;  stipola. 

Stir;     i.     moto,     movimento. 

2.  movere,  agitare,  rimesco- 
lare,  dibattere.     3.  attizzare. 

4.  perturbare,  risvegliare.    5. 
movers! ;  Nobody  was  — ring, 
non  c'  era  nessuno  in  piedi. 

Stirabout;    poltiglia   di   farina 

d'  avena. 
Stirrer;  mestone. 
Stirring ;  vivo,  eccitante,  pieno 

d'  incidenti. 
Stirrup;  staffa. 
Stirrup-cup;  bicchiere  dato  a 

chi  sen  va  a  cavallo. 
Stirrup-leather;  staffile. 
Stitch;    i.    punto,  maglia.     2. 

punta  al  fianco.     3.   cucire. 
Stitchwort;  stellaria. 
Stiver ;  centesimo  olandese. 
Stoat ;  donnola,  ermellino  d'  e- 

state. 
Stock;    i.    ceppo,  pedale.     2. 

violacciocca.      3.    carne    da 

brodo.     4.   collate  di  prete. 

5.  fondo,  assortimento ;    - 
in  trade,  fondo  di  magazzino. 

6.  cassa   (di   schioppo).     7. 
razza,  schialta,  prosapia.     8. 
bestiame ;    Live,    Dead   — , 
stime  vive,  morte.    9.  fornire, 
popolare,    provvedere,    em- 
piere.     to.  Take  — ,  far  1"  in- 
ventario.      1 1 .    Keep  in  — , 
Lay  in  a  —  of,  far  provvi- 
gione   di.      12.    --   epithet, 
epiteto  comune  o  di  regola ; 
—  brick,  mattone  ordinario. 

Stockade;  stecconato,  palizzata. 
Stock  and  share  list ;  bollet- 

tino   della   Borsa,  listino   di 

Borsa. 

Stock-book;  libro  inventarii. 
Stock-breeder ;    allevatore   di 

bestiame. 

Stock-broker;  agente  di  cam- 
bio. 

Stock-dove ;  Colombo  selvatico. 
Stock-exchange ;  Borsa. 
Stock-fish ;  stoccafisso. 
Stock-holder ;     possessore    di 

obbligazioni. 
Stockholm;  Stocolma. 
Stocking ;    calza.      —    frame, 

telaio  a  calze. 
Stock-jobber;   borsista,  nego- 

ziante  di  azioni  o  titoli  fon- 

diarii. 

Stockman ;  bovaro. 
Stock-market ;  Borsa. 
Stock    piece ;    commedia    del 

report  orio. 

Stock-pot;  marmitta,  pentola. 
Stock-still ;  fisso  e  immobile. 
Stock-whip;  frusta  con  manico 

corto  e  cordicella  lunga  usata 

in  Australia. 

H. 


Stodge  ;  imbuzzare. 
Stodgy ;    poltiglioso,   denso   e 
molliccio,  pesante,  sazievole, 
appiccicaticcio. 

Stoic;  id. 

Stoke;  attizzare. 

Stoke-hole;  camera  delle  cal- 
daie. 

Stoker;  fuochista. 

Stole;  stola. 

Stolid;  id. 

Stomach ;  i.  stomaco.  2.  di- 
gerire. 

Stomacher;  pettorina. 

Stone;  i.  pietra,  sasso,  selce, 
ciottolo.  2.  nocciolo,  acino. 
3.  calcolo.  4.  lapidare.  5. 
acciottolare. 

Stonechat ;  saltimpalo. 

Stonecrop  ;  erba  da  calli. 

Stone-curlew;  occhione. 

Stone-mason ;  muratore. 

Stone  pine ;  pino  da  pinocchi. 

Stone-quarry ;  cava  di  pietre. 

Stone-ware;  vasellame di creta. 

Stoniness ;  natura  pietrosa. 

Stony ;  pietroso,  di  macigno. 

Stool;  i.  sgabello.  2.  pollone. 
3.  evacuazione. 

Stoop;  i.  inclinazione.  i.  ab- 
bassarsi,  curvarsi,  essere  in- 
curvato  dagli  anni.  3.  get- 
tarsi  (su). 

Stop ;  i .  impedimento,  ostacolo. 
2.  fermata.  3.  Full—,  punto 
fermo.  4.  registro  (d*  un  or- 
gano). 

5.  arrestare,  fermare ;  With- 
out — ping,  in  una  tirata.  6. 
impedire,  far  cessare.  7.  ot- 
turare,  impiombare  (dente), 
turare,  chiudere.  8.  sospen- 
dere  (pagamenti).  9.  —  up, 
intasare,  ostruire,  ingorgare. 

Stopcock;  chiave. 

Stopgap;  turabuchi. 

Stoppage;  i.  fermata,  sosta. 
2.  ostruzione,  ingorgo,  in- 
tasatura. 

Stopper ;  turacciolo,  tappo,  su- 
ghero.  Glass  — ,  tappo  di 
vetro. 

Stopping ;  impiombatura. 

Storage;  magazzinaggio.  Water 
— ,  provvista  d'  acqua. 

Storax;  storace. 

Store ;  i .  magazzino.  2.  ab- 
bondanza,  provvigione.  3. 
Set  great  —  by,  far  gran 
caso  di.  4.  — s,  vettovaglie, 
viveri,  materiale.  5.  conser- 
vare,  immagazzinare.  6.  ap- 
provisionare,  provvedere. 

Store-house;  magazzino,  de- 
posito. 

Store-keeper;  i .  magazziniere. 
2.  negoziante. 

Store-room ;  dispensa. 

Storey ;  v.  Story  (3). 

Storied ;  famoso  per  la  sua 
storia. 

Stork;  cicogna. 

Storm;  i.  temporale,  burrasca, 
fortuna,  tempesta.  2.  prender 
d1  assalto.  3.  tempestare, 
andar  nelle  furie.  4.  — ing 
party,  colonna  d'  assalto. 

Stormy;  tempestoso.burrascoso. 

Story;  i.  novella,  racconto, 
storia.  2.  fandonia.  3.  piano. 


Story-book;  libro  di  racconti. 
Story-teller;    i.    menzognere. 

2.   raccontatore. 
Story-writer;  novelliere. 
Stoup ;  boccale. 
Stout ;    i.    birra   inglese  nera. 
2.  robusto,  gagliardo,  forte. 

Stove ;  stufa,  calorifero,  fornello 
all'  inglese. 

Stow;  assettare,  mettere  (a 
posto),  stivare.  —  away,  ri- 
porre. 

Straddle;  allargare. 

Straggl-e;  i.  staccarsi,  restare 
in  dietro,  allontanarsi.  2. 
girellare,  arrampicarsi  natu- 
ralmente  (rosa) ;  — ing  build- 
ing, edificio  irregolare. 

Straggler ;  ritardatario,  solilato 
ramingo  o  vagabondo. 

Straight;  i.  dritto.  2.  schietto, 
leale,  sincere.  3.  difilato, 
diritto.  4.  —  tip,  informa- 
zione  sicura.  5.  Set  — , 
assettare,  comporre,  raddriz- 
zare. 

Straighten  ;  v.  Straight  (5). 

Straightforward;  schietto  fran- 
co, sincere,  leale. 

Straightness;  rettitudine,  di- 
rittura. 

Straightway;  subito. 

Strain;  i.  sforzo,  tensione.  2. 
storcimento.  3.  razza,  schiat- 
ta.  4.  maniera,  stile.  5. 
— s,  concento,  accordi. 

6.  tendere,  stringere.  7. 
violentare,  stiracchiare.  8. 
storcere,  slogare,  far  male  a ; 
I  have  — ed  a  sinew  in  my 
leg,  mi  son  fatto  male  ad  un 
nervo  della  gamba.  9.  — 
every  nerve,  sforzarsi  a  tutta 
possa,  fare  ogni  sforzo.  10. 
spremere,  colare. 

Strainer ;  colatoio,  passante. 
Tea  — ,  passa  te. 

Straining  ;  sforzo,  lo  sforzarsi. 

Strait;  stretto.  •—  jacket,  ca- 
micia  di  forza. 

Straiten ;  angustiare,  porre  alle 
strette,  imbarazzare. 

Straits;  stretto,  passo,  braccio 
di  mare. 

Strake;  cinta. 

Stramonium ;  id. 

Strand  ;  i.  lido.  2.  filo  di 
corda.  3.  — ed,  a  secco, 
arenato. 

Strange;  strano. 

Strangeness;  stranezza, novita, 
singolariti. 

Stranger;  straniero,  forestiere, 
sconosciuto. 

Strangle;  strozzare,strangolare. 

Strangles ;  stranguglioni. 

Strangulated ;  strozzato. 

Strap ;  i.  striscia  di  cuoio, 
cigna,legame,lastra(di  ferro), 
cintolone  (d'  uno  schioppo). 
2.  legare  con  una  cigna ;  My 
boxes  are  ready  to  be  — ped 
up,  i  miei  bauli  son  pronti 
perche  si  affibbino  loro  le 
cigne.  3.  (mar.)  stroppare 
(bozzello). 

Strapping;  tarchiato.  — girl, 
ragazzotta. 

Strapwort ;  coneggiola  marit- 
tima. 


Stratagem;  id. 
Strateg-ic,  -y;  id. 
Stratify ;  stratificare. 
Straw;  paglia.     Not  to  care  a 

— ,  curarsene  quanto  d'  una 

festuca,  impiparsene. 
Strawberry ;  fragola.   — mark, 

chiazza.    —  tree,  corbezzolo. 
Straw-cutter;  trinciapaglia. 
Straw -jacket ;  rivestimento  di 

paglia. 

Straw-plait ;  treccia  di  paglia. 
Stray;    i.  smarrito.      2.  smar- 

rirsi,  sviare,  travviare. 
Streak;  i.  striscia.     2.  strisci- 

are. 
Stream;  i.  corrente, f.,  flume. 

2.  successione,  seguito,  flutto. 

3.  scorrere;  The  light  — ed 
in,  un  fiotto  di  luce  veniva  ; 
The  congregation  —  ed  out, 
i    fedeli    uscivano  come   un 
fiume. 

Streamer;  banderuola,  pennel- 

lo,  albore  (aurora  boreale) . 
Streamlet ;  ruscelletto. 
Street ;    strada,    via,  contrada. 

—  boy,  monello.     — •  corner, 
canto  della  strada.     —  door, 
porta  della  strada.    —  lamp, 
lampione.     —  organ,   orga- 
netto  portatile.  —  performer, 
saltimbanco.       —    robbery, 
ruberia  sulla  strada  pubblica. 

—  singer,    cantatore     delle 
strade.   —  sweeper,  spazzino. 

—  walker,   donna   di   mala 
vita. 

Strength ;  forza,  potere. 

Strengthen ;  rinforzare. 

Strenuous;  strenuo. 

Stress;  i.  sforzo,  tensione; 
Shearing  — ,  sforzo  di  cesoia- 
mento  ;  Tensile  — ,  sforzo  .di 
trazione.  2.  enfasi,  impor- 
tanza.  3.  accento  tonico. 

4.  violenza(d'un temporale); 
Driven   by   —   of    weather, 
spinto  per  tempo  fortunoso. 

Stretch;  j.  estensione  ;  Toils 
full  — ,  in  tutta  la  sua  esten- 
sione ;  This  cannot  by  any 

—  of    language    be    called 
right,  e  impossibile  che  questo 
si  possa  chiamaregiusto;  On 
the  — ,  coi  nervi  tesi ;  At  a 
— ,  d'  un  traito,  d'  un  fiato. 
2.    estendere,  stirare,   allun- 
gare.      3.    —    oneself   out, 
stendersi,    sdraiarsi.      4.    — 
forward,  avanzare,  allungare. 

Stretcher;    i.    barella.     2.  al- 

largaguanti.        3.     pedagna, 

puntapiecli. 
Strew ;      spargere,      seminare, 

sparpagliare. 
Striated ;  striato. 
Stricken  in  years ;    invecchi- 

ato. 

Strict ;  stretto,  rigoroso,  esatto. 
Stricture;  i.  osservazione  cri- 

tica,    rimprovero,     biasimo. 

2.  restringimento. 
Stride;   i.  passo  lungo.    2.  an- 

dare  a  pass!  lunghi,  incedere. 

3.  Take  it  in  one's  — ,  farlo 
senza  maggior  sforzo  dell"  or- 
dinario.    4.  —  over,  scaval- 
care,  inforcare. 

Strident;  id. 


CX1V 


STRIFE— SUBSTANCE 


Strife  ;  lotta,  gara,  rissa. 

Strike;  i.  sciopero.  i.  col- 
pire,  urtare,  percuotere.  3. 
produrre,  creare.  4.  con- 
chiudere.  5.  sorprendere. 
6.  suonare  (!'  ora).  7.  scio- 
perare.  8.  incagliarsi.  9. 
calare  (bandiera),  abbassare 
(vela).  10.  levare  (campo). 
n.  stendere  (bilancio).  12. 
rendere  (cieco). 

Strike  across  ;  prendere  a  tra- 
verso  di.  You  will  find  a 

footpath  where  you  can 

the  fields,  troverai  un  sentiero 
che  ti  portera  a  traverse  i 
campi. 

Strike  a  light ;  far  luce. 

Strike  an  average ;  fare  una 
media. 

Strike  dead ;  fulminare. 

Strike  down ;  abbattere,  far 
cadere. 

Strike  fire  ;  far  venire  scintille. 

Strike  in ;  intervenire. 

Strike  off ;  i.  tagliare, mozzare 
del.  i.  lasciar  la  strada. 
3.  tirare  (copie).  4.  cancel- 
lare  (dai  ruoli). 

Strike  out ;  i .  mettersi  a  nuo- 
tare.  i.  cancellare.  3.  — 
—  a  line  for  oneself,  farsi 
una  propria  strada. 

Striker ;  i.  battitore.  2.  sci- 
operante.  3.  martelletto, 
salterello. 

Strike  up ;  cominciare  (a  suo- 
nare), incominciare. 

a  lively  air,  intonare  un'  ari- 
etta gaia. an  acquaint- 
ance, far  conoscenza. 

Striking ;  sorprendente,  che 
colpisce. 

Strikingly;  maravigliosamente, 
a  maraviglia,  d'  un  modo 
maraviglioso. 

String;  i.  spago,  cordicina, 
corda;  Boot  — ,  stringa.  i. 
filo,  filza,  filastrocca.  3.  in- 
filzare.  4.  —  up,  impiccare. 
5.  al  bigliardo,  mandare  le 
palle  contro  la  mattonella 
opposta  per  veder  quale  palla 
al  rimbalzo  resta  piu  vicina 
alia  mattonella  presso  il  gio- 
catore,  determinando  cosi  chi 
deve  fare  il  primo  acchito. 

String-band;  orchestra  di  stru- 
menti  a  corda. 

String-beans;  fagiolini. 

String-board ;  pancone  d'  una 
scala  cli  legno  nel  quale  s'  in- 
nestano  i  gradini. 

String-course ;  cordone. 

Stringency ;  stringimento,  ur- 
genza. 

Stringent;  id. 

Stringer;  corrente  (niasc.). 

String-halt ;  spavenio  secco. 

Stringy;  fibroso,  filamentoso. 

Strip;  i.  striscia.  2.  spogliare, 
denudare,  sguarnire. 

Stripe  ;  lista,  riga,  striscia. 

Striped;  vergato,  rigato. 

Stripling;  giovinotto. 

Strive;  i.  sforzarsi,  ingegnarsi. 
9.  lottare. 

Stroke;  i.  colpo,  botta.  2. 
tratto,  pennata,  pennellata. 
3.  tocco,  rintocco.  4.  acci- 


dente.    5.  —  oar,  capo  voga. 

6.  Good  —  of  business,  buono 
affare.     7.    asta ;  Thick  — , 
asta  grossa;  Thin  — ,  filetto. 
8.   At  a  — ,  d'  un  tratto. 

9.     lisciare,     accarezzare, 

dare  una  lisciatina  a. 
Stroll;   i.  passeggiata,  giro,  gi- 

retto.    i.  girandolare,  girare, 

passeggiare. 
Stroller ;  girandolone. 
Strolling;   errante,  ambulante, 

vagabondo. 
Strong ;  forte,  robusto,  solido, 

ardente,  generoso  (vino),  ran- 

cido  (burro). 

Strong  box  ;  cassa  forte. 
Stronghold;  fortezza. 
Strong-minded;   di  mente  vi- 
rile. 
Strop;   i.  cuoio  da  rasoio.     2. 

ripassare  sul  cuoio. 
Strophe ;  strofe. 
Structure ;    costruzione,   strut- 

tura. 
Struggle;  i.  lotta.    2.  lottare, 

dibattersi,  sforzarsi. 
Struggler ;  lottatore. 
Strum  ;  strimpellare,  sonacchi- 

are. 

Strumpet;  meretrice. 
Strut;    i.    puntello,    sostegno. 

2.  pavoneggiarsi.andar  tron- 
fio,  ringalluzzarsi. 

Strychnine ;  stricnina. 
Stub;     i.    ceppo,    tronco.      2. 

matrice.     3.   sradicare. 
Stubble ;  stoppia,  seccia. 
Stubbly;  irsuto. 
Stubborn  ;  caparbio,  pertinace, 

inflessibile,  tenace. 
Stubby;  tozzo. 
Stucco;  id. 
Stuck-up ;     orgoglioso,     arro- 

gante,  borioso. 
Stud;    i.   chiodo,  borchia.     2. 

bulletta,  bottone,  bottoncino. 

3.  scuderia,   stabilimento  di 
allevamento.    4. — ded.guer- 
nito  ;    — ded   all  over,  tem- 
pestato. 

Stud-bolt ;  bollone  prigioniere. 

Stud-book;  registro di animali 
puro  sangue. 

Studding-sail ;  cottellaccio. 

Student ;  studioso,  studente, 
scolare. 

Stud-farm  ;  allevamento  di  ca- 
valli. 

Stud-groom ;   capo-allevatore. 

Stud-horse;  Stallone. 

Studied;  premeditato. 

Studio;  id. 

Studious ;  studioso,  attento,  di- 
ligente. 

Studiously;  con  premura.  He 
—  avoided  me,  fece  tutto  per 
iscansarmi. 

Study;  i.  lo  studiare,  studio; 
Academy  — ,  accademia.  2. 
gabinetto.  3.  Be  in  a  brown 
— ,  star  pensieroso.  4.  stu- 
diare. 5.  —  appearances, 
fare  attenzione  alle  apparen- 
ze.  6.  —  hard,  sgobbarsi. 

7.  —   economy,    mirare  al- 
1'  economia;  She  studies  his 
comfort   in   every  way,   ella 
cerca  ad  ogni  modo  il  benes- 
sere  di  lui. 


Stuff;  i.  stoffa,  tessuto.  2. 
material!.  3.  roba.  4.  ro- 
baccia,  anticaglia.  5.  scioc- 
chezza,  stupidaggine. 

6.  imbottire,  impagliare. 
7".  infarcire,  mettere  il  ri- 
pieno.  8.  —  in,  far  entrare. 

9.  —   up,   turare,    ostruire. 

10.  rimpinzarsi.      u.    inta- 
sare. 

Stuffiness;  rinchiuso. 

Stuffing ;  imbottitura,  ripieno, 
borra,  riempitura. 

Stuffy ;  pesante,  afoso,  soffo- 
cante,  mal  aerato.  —  room, 
stanza  a  aria  usata  o  rarefat- 
ta. 

Stultify ;  render  inutile,  far 
contar  niente,  neutralizzaie 
1'  effetto  di. 

Stumble;  i.  passo  falso.  2. 
inciampare,  incespicare. 

Stumbling-block;   inciampo. 

Stumbling-stone;  pietrad' in- 
ciampo. 

Stump;  i.  toppo,  ceppaia,  pez- 
zo  di  dente  rotto  nella  gen- 
giva.  i.  moncone,  monche- 
rino.  3.  troncone.  4.  torso 
(di  cavolo),  pezzettino  (di 
sigaro).  5.  sfumino.  6.  ne'. 
giuoco  di  cricket,  bastone  che 
il  batsman  deve  difendere  di 
modo  che  la  palla  non  lo 
tocchi. 

6.  al  cricket,  un  modo  col 
quale  si  caccia  il  batsman 
fuori  del  giuoco.  7.  pro- 
porre  una  difficolta  insolubile 
a.  8.  —  about,  zoppicare 
qua  e  la.  9.  —  up,  cacciar 
fuori  i  denari.  10.  —  the 
country,  percorrere  il  paese 
facendo  discorsi  politici. 

Stump-orator;  oratore  da  pi- 
azza. 

Stumpy;  tozzo. 

Stun ;  stordire,  sbalordire,  as- 
sordare. 

Stunner;  persona  o  cosa  ot- 
tima. 

Stunning;  i.  che  sbalordisce. 
i.  sbalorditoio,  deliziosissi- 
mo. 

Stunt ;  far  imbastardire,  far  in- 
tristire.  — ed,  imbastardito, 
mal  cresciuto,  stentato. 

Stupefy ;  stupefare. 

Stupendous;  stupendo. 

Stupid;  i.  in  inch  inne,  stolto, 
balordo,  tardo,  melenso,  see- 
mo,  poco  abile.  2.  sciocco, 
stupido,  insensate,  bestia. 

Stupidity ;  stoltezza,  stupidita, 
melensaggine,  sciocchezza, 
insensatezza. 

Sturdy ;  ardito,  robusto,  tarchi- 
ato,  gagliardo. 

Sturgeon ;  storione. 

Stutter;  tartagliare. 

Stuttgart ;  Stoccarda. 

Sty;  i.  porcile.  2.  orzaiuo- 
lo. 

Style  ;  i.  stile.  2.  stilo.  3. 
chiamare.  4.  In  the  French 
• — •,  alia  francese. 

Stylish ;  distinto,  alia  moda, 
sgargiante. 

Styptic;  stiptico. 

Suave;  soave. 


Suli-.  For  words  compounded 
ivilh  sub-  and  not  given  be- 
low, see  the  Italian- English, 
part  under  So/to.  Thus  Sub- 
lunary =  Sottolunare. 

Subalpine;  subalpino. 

Subaltern ;  id. 

Subaqueous ;  subacqueo. 

Subcontract ;  i.  subappalto. 
2.  subappaltare. 

Subcutaneous ;  sottocutaneo, 
intercutaneo. 

Subdeacon ;  suddiacono. 

Subdean ;  suddecano. 

Subdelegate;  i.  suddelegato. 
2.  suddelegare. 

Subdivide ;  suddividere. 

Subdue;  i.  soggiogare,  sotto- 
mettere,  domare.  2.  abbas- 
sare. 

Subject;   i.  soggetto,  suddito. 

2.  sottoposto,    esposto.      3. 
—  matter,  materia. 

Subjection;  i.  assoggettamen- 
to,  sottomissione.  2.  sog- 
gezione. 

Subjective;  soggettivo. 

Subjoin ;  aggiungere,  soggiun- 
gere. 

Subjugate ;  soggiogare,  do- 
mare. 

Subjunctive ;  soggiuntivo. 

Sublease;  subaffitto. 

Sublet ;  subaffittare. 

Sublime;  id.,  elevato. 

Sublingual ;  sublinguale. 

Submanager;  sottindente. 

Submarine ;  sottomarino. 

Submerge ;  sommergere. 

Submission ;  sommessione,  de- 
ferenza. 

Submissive ;  sommesso. 

Submit;  i.  sottomettere,  sot- 
toporre.  2.  sottomettersi. 

3.  rimettere  (a). 
Submultiple ;  summultiplo. 
Subnormal ;  subnormale. 
Subordinate;  subordinato. 
Suborn ;  subornare. 
Subpoena ;    i.    citazione.      2. 

citare. 

Subrector ;  vicerettore. 
Subscribe;     i.     sottoscrivere. 

2.    abbonarsi   a.     3.    contri- 

buire. 

Subscriber;  associato. 
Subscription ;     sottoscrizione, 

soscrizione. 

Subsection ;  sottodivisione. 
Subsequent ;    susseguente,    di 

seguito,  ulteriore. 
Subsequently;  dopo,  indi,  ul- 

teriormente. 

Subserve ;  servire,  giovare  a. 
Subservient;  i.  utile.   t.  sub- 
ordinato.     3.    Make  —  to, 

far  servire  a. 
Subside  ;  scemare,  calmarsi,  ab- 

bassarsi,  avvallare. 
Subsidence;   i.  avvallamento, 

cedimemo.     2.   abbassamen- 

to,  calata  (d'  una  piena). 
Subsidise ;  sovvenzionare,  sus- 

sidiare. 

Subsidy ;  sussidio,  sovvenzione. 
Subsist;  i.  sussistere.   2.  man- 

tenersi. 

Subsoil ;  sottosuolo. 
Substance  ;  sostanza. 


SUBSTANTIAL— SURA 


cxv 


Suo-.  For  words  compounded 
with  sub-  and  not  given  be- 
low, see  the  Italian- English 
ptirt  under  Sotlo.  Thus  Sub- 
lunary =  Sottolunare. 

Substantial;    sostanziale,  sos- 

tanzioso. 
Substantiate ;   effettuare,  pro- 

vare,  stabilire,  avverare. 
Substantive ;  sostantivo. 
Substitute;    i.  sostituto,   rap- 

presentante,  supplente,  surro- 

gato.     i.  sostituire  ;  —  for, 

prendere   o  dare   invece  di, 

in  sostiluzione  di. 
Substruction ;  sostruzione. 
Subtend;  sottendere. 
Subterfuge;   sotterfugio,  equi- 

voco. 

Subterranean ;  sotterraneo. 
Subtle ;  rino,  astuto,  delicato. 
Subtract;  sottrarre. 
Subtropical;    i.   vicino  ai  tro- 

pici.     i.   con  una  flora  ras- 

somigliante     a     quella    dei 

tropici. 

Suburb ;  subborgo,  suburbio. 
Suburban;  suburbano. 
Subvention ;  sovvenzione. 
Subversion ;  sovvertimento. 
Subversive ;  sovversivo. 
Subvert;  sovvertire. 
Subway ;  sotterraneo. 
Succeed;    i.  riuscire.     2.  suc- 

cedere  a,  seguire. 
Success ;  riuscita,  successo. 
Successful ;  felice,  coronato  di 

successo,  bene  riuscito,   for- 

tunato  nelle  sue  intraprese. 
Succession ;    successione,    se- 

guito. 

Successive;  id. 
Successor;  id.    — s,  posteri. 
Succinct;  succinto. 
Succory;  cicoria. 
Succour;   r.  soccorso.     2.  soc- 

correre. 

Succulent;  id. 
Succumb;  soccombere. 
Such ;  tale,  simile,  siffatto.     In 

—  wise,  in  tal  guisa.     To  — 
an  extent,  tanto.      In   —  a 
way,    talmente,   cosl.      And 

-  like,  ed  altri  simili.  A 
person  —  as  I  am,  un  par 
mio.  —  a  learned  man  as 
he  is,  un  uomo  dotto  come 
lui.  No  —  tiling,  in  nessun 
modo. 

Suck;  succhiare,  suggere,  pop- 
pare.      —    down,    ingoiare. 

—  up,    sorbire,    assorbire. 
— •  the  monkey,  prender  vino 
dal   barile  per  mezzo  d'  un 
tubo. 

Sucker;    r.    ventosa.      2.    pol- 

lone,  rimessiticcio.     3.  stan- 

luffo. 

Sucking-calf;  lattonzolo. 
Sucking  -  pig  ;     porcellino    di 

latte. 

Suckle ;  allattare. 
Suckling ;  lombino  lattante. 
Suction ;  succhiamento,  aspira- 

zione. 
Sudden ;  subitaneo,  repentino, 

improvviso,  inopinato.      All 

of  a  — ,  di  scoppio,  di  botto, 

in  un  tratto. 


Suddenly;  subito,  repentina- 
mente,  in  un  tratto. 

Suddenness;  subitaneita.pron- 
tezza. 

Sudorific ;  id. 

Suds;  saponata. 

Sue;  i.  citare  in  giudizio,  pro- 
cessare.  2.  —  for,  chiedere, 
supplicare. 

Suet ;  grasso  di  bove. 

Suffer ;  soffrire,  subire,  patire, 
sopportare,  comportare,  per- 
mettere,  esser  punito. 

Sufferance;  tolleranza. 

Sufferer ;  soffrente,  paziente. 
Fellow  — •,  compagno  di 
sventura. 

Suffering;  pena,  dolore. 

Suffice ;  bastare,  esser  suffi- 
ciente. 

Sufficiency;  sufficenza,  il  ba- 
stevole.  Self  — ,  boria  vana. 

Sufficient ;  bastevole,  bastante, 
sufficente. 

Sufficiently;  abbastanza, baste- 
volmente,  sufficentcmente. 

Suffix;  suffisso. 

Suffocate ;  asfissiare,  soffbcare. 

Suffragan;  suffraganeo. 

Suffrage;  suffragio,  voto. 

Suffuse ;  coprire,  spandersi. 

Sugar;  i.  zucchero;  Brown — , 
cassonada,  moscovada.  2. 
inzuccherare. 

Sugar-baker ;  raffinatore  di 
zucchero. 

Sugar-basin ;  zuccheriera. 

Sugar-candy ;  zucchero  can- 
dito. 

Sugar-cane ;  canna  da  zuc- 
chero. 

Sugared;  inzuccherato. 

Sugaring;  velatura. 

Sugar-maple ;  acero  da  zuc- 
chero. 

Sugar-mill ;  fabbrica  di  zuc- 
chero. 

Sugar-plantation;  piantagione 
di  canne  da  zucchero. 

Sugar-plum  ;  confetto. 

Sugar-tongs ;  mollette  (per  lo 
zucchero). 

Suggest;  suggerire. 

Suggestion ;  suggestione,  sug- 
gerimento. 

Suicidal ;  da  suicida.  —  ten- 
dency, propensione  al  suici- 
dio.  To  go  on  living  in  that 
poky  hole  would  be  — ,  il 
continuare  a  stare  in  quel 
bugigattolo  sarebbe  come  sui- 
cidarsi. 

Suicide;  i.  suicidio ;  Com- 
mit — ,  suicidarsi.  2.  sui- 
cida. 

Suit;  i.  —  of  clothes,  abito 
completo ;  Riding  — ,  abito 
completo  da  cavalcare.  2. 
richiesta,  istanza,  preghiera. 
3.  lite,  processo.  4.  corteg- 
giamento.  5.  seme  (di  carte); 
Follow  — ,  (a)  giocare  una 
carta  dello  stesso  seme,  ri- 
spondere,  (/>)  fare  lo  stesso 
(che  altri  ha  gia  fatto). 

6.  convenire,  accordarsi 
con,  confare.  7.  contentare, 
andare ;  The  house  — s  me, 
la  casa  mi  va  ;  It  — s  me  to, 
mi  fa  comodo  di,  mi  con- 


viene  di ;  If  that  hour  — s 
you,  se  quell'  ora  vi  acco- 
moda. 

Suitable ;  convenevole,  con- 
forme,  adattato,  acconcio. 

Suite;     i.    corteo,    corteggio. 

2.  —  of  rooms,  appartamento. 

3.  seguito.    4.  — -of  bedroom 
furniture,  ammobiliamento  di 
camera  da  letto. 

Suitor;  i.  litigante.    2.  amante, 

chi  aspira  alia  mano  d'  una 

donna.     3.   postulante. 
Sulk ;  tenere  il  broncio. 
Sulkiness ;  broncio,  musoneria. 
Sulky ;     i .    carrozzino    a    due 

posti.     2.  broncio,  musone. 
Sullen ;  broncio,  ritroso,  di  mala 

voglia  o  mal  umore. 
Sully;  sporcare,  imbrattare. 
Sulphate;  solfuro,  solfato. 
Sulphur;  zolfo. 
Sulphurous ;  sulfureo. 
Sultan ;  id. 

Sultana ;  varieta  d'  uva  passa. 
Sultry;  afoso,  pesante. 
Sum;     i.    somma,    montante. 

2.   —  up,   sommare,  riassu- 

mere. 

Sumach ;  sommacco,  scotano. 
Summarise ;  v.  Sum  up. 
Summary;    i.  sommario.      2. 

sunto,  compendio. 
Summer ;     state,    -estate. 

clothes,  abito  d'  estate. 
Summer-house;  padiglionedi 

giardino,  cupolino. 
Summerset;  v.  Somersault. 
Summing  up;  sunto. 
Summit ;  cima,  colmo. 
Summon;   r.  convocare,  chia- 

mare,  far  venire,  citare.     2. 

intimare.     3.  —  away,  chia- 

mare    altrove.      4.    —    up, 

riunire;  —  up  one's  courage, 

richiamare   il   suo  coraggio, 

farsi  animo. 

Summoning  officer ;  usciere. 
Summons;  citazione. 
Sump  ;  pozzo  di  scarico. 
Sumpter;  da  soma. 
Sumptuary;  suntuario. 
Sumptuous;  suntuoso. 
Sun;   i.  sole.     2.  soleggiare. 
Sunbeam  ;  raggio  di  sole. 
Sunburn ;     abbronzatura     del 

sole. 

Sunburnt;  abbronzato. 
Sunday;  domenica. 
Sunder;  separare,  spartire. 
Sundew;  rosolida. 
Sun-dial ;  meridiana. 
Sun-down;  tramonto. 
Sun-dried;  seccato  dal  sole. 
Sundry;     diverse,    parecchio. 

— ies,  spese  casual!. 
Sun-fish ;  mola. 
Sunflower;  girasole. 
Sun-hat ;  cappello  per  ripararsi 

dal  sole. 
Sunk ;  v.  Sink.    • —  fence,  siepe 

nascosta. 

Sunken;  infossato. 
Sunless ;  senza  sole. 
Sunlight ;  luce  del  sole. 
Sunned ;  abbronzato  dal  sole. 
Sunny ;  esposto  al  sole,  solatio, 

allegro  come  il  sole. 
Sun-proof;   impervio  ai  raggi 
solari. 


Sunrise  ;  levar  del  sole. 
Sunset ;  tramonto. 
Sunshade ;    ombrellino,  para- 
sole. 
Sunshine ;   luce  del  sole.     In 

the  — ,  al  sole. 
Sunshiny;  raggiante. 
Sunstroke ;  insolazione. 
Sup ;  cenare. 

Superadded;  sopraggiun- 
^         to. 

•j|   Superannuate  jgiubilare. 
<*  .3  Superb ;  id. 
?  S   Supercargo;  sopracarico. 
|  |f  Supercilious ;  altiero,  ac- 
^.  ~         cigliato,  burbero. 
£  ^  Supererogation  ;    super- 
^  ^         rogazione. 
^  3f  Superfetation  ;  id. 
.5  g   Superficial ;  id. 
!!  H  Superfluous ;  superfluo. 
_g  ^  Superheated ;  soprascal- 
^j  ^        dato. 

'S'T-  Superincumbent;     sov- 
^  |         rapposto. 
R  <o  Superintend ;  soprinten- 
.   /"        dere,  sorvegliare,  sopra- 
Jf,        stare. 

Jp2.  Superintendent ;     diret- 
_2  «         tore,  soprastante. 

g  Superior ;  id. 
^  ^  Superlative ;  id. 
!|  ^   Supernumerary;  sopran- 
,«         numerario. 

Superscription ;     sovra- 

scritta. 

2  fe  Supersede;  spostare, sop- 
•§  §         piantare,  cassare,  surro- 
^  a         gare, sostituire.  Be— d, 
S  ^         passare  di  moda. 
^  -ft.  Superstition  ;  id. 
^  ^  Superstructure  ;  costru- 
.••^        zione  al   di   sopra   del 
b  «         suolo. 

f*t  Supertax;  soprattassa. 
00  _|   Supervene;  sopravvenire, 
"§         soprannascere,  soprag- 
^5         giungere. 

Super-vise;  v.  — intend. 
Supination ;  id. 
Supine;     i.    id.,   sdraiato   sul 
dorso.     i.  negligente,  indo- 
lente. 

Supper;  cena. 
Supperless ;  senza  cena. 
Supplant ;  soppiantare. 
Supple ;     pieghevole,     snello, 

agile,  arrendevole. 
Supplement ;  id. 
Suppliant ;  supplicante. 
Supply;   i.   provvista,  approvi- 
sionamento,  fornimento;   — 
and   demand,   offerta   e   do- 
manda.     i.  fornire,  provve- 
dere. 
Supply-pipe ;  tubo  d'  ammis- 

sione. 

Support;  i.  sostegno.appoggio, 
soccorso.  i.  sussistenza.  3. 
sopportare,  sostenere,  reg- 
gere.  4.  appoggiare,  so- 
stentare,  caldeggiare. 
Suppose;  i .  supporre, credere. 

^.  mettere. 

Supposititious ;  suppositizio. 
Suppress ;  sopprimere. 
Suppurate;  suppurare. 
Supremacy ;  id.,  primato. 
Supreme ;  id. 
Sura ;  capitolo  del  Corano. 

P2 


CXV1 


SURAH— SWORN 


Surah ;  sorta  di  stoffa  a  spiga 
di  seta. 

Sural;  id. 

Surcharge;  i.  supplements  ad 
un  conto.  2.  far  restituire 
da  coloro  che  hanno  fatto 
delle  spese  amministrative 
non  autorizzate  dalla  legge. 

Surcingle ;  sopraccinghia. 

Surd ;  irrazionale. 

Sure ;  sicuro,  certo.  To  be  — , 
certamente,  e  vero. 

Surety ;  garante,  mallevadore. 

Surf;  risacca.] 

Surface ;  superficie,  esteriore. 
Rise  to  the  — ,  venire  a 
galla.  Bring  to  the  — ,  por- 
tare  a  galla.  On  the  — , 
superficialmente.  To  be  ap- 
parent on  the  — ,  apparire  a 
prima  vista.  Upper  —  of 
a  rail,  faccia  di  scorrimento 
d'  una  rotaia.  -  current, 
corrente  superficiale. 

Surface-water;  acqua  caduta 
su  un'  area  qualunque. 

Surface-well ;  pozzo  poco  pro- 
fondo. 

Surfeit;     I.    crapula,    sazieta. 

2.  saziare,   satollare,   impin- 
zare. 

Surfeited ;  stufo,  satollo,  stucco 

e  ristucco. 
Surg-e ;    i.   maroso.     2.  gon- 

fiarsi ;    — ing    sea,    mar    di 

leva. 
Surgeon ;  chirurgo.    House  — , 

chirurgo  assistente. 
Surgery;  i.  gabinetto.    2.  chi- 

rurgia. 
Surly ;  arcigno,  bisbetico,  sde- 

gnoso,  ringhioso  (cane). 
Surmise ;  sospetto. 
Surmount;  sormontare. 
Surmullet;  triglia. 
Surname ;  cognome,  casato. 
Surpass ;  sorpassare. 
Surplice ;  cotta. 
Surplus ;   i.  il  di  piu,  il  soprap- 

piu  ;  —  stock,  scampoli ;  — 

steam,  eccesso  di  vapore.     2. 

soverchio. 
Surprise;  i.  sorpresa.     2.  sor- 

prendere. 
Surrender;    i.   resa,  cessione, 

consegna.     i.  dare  in  mano 

a,  lasciare  a.     3.  cedere,  ab- 

bandonare,  rinunciare  a.     4. 

arrendersi,   renders!,   capito- 

lare. 

Surreptitious;  surretizio. 
Surreptitiously;  sottecche,  di 

soppiatto. 
Surrogate ;  deputato  di  un  giu- 

dice  ecclesiastico. 
Surround ;    circondare,    attor- 

niare,    cingere,    accerchiare. 

— ing,  circostante. 
Surroundings ;  dintorni. 
Surtax ;  sopratassa. 
Surtout;  soprabito. 
Surveillance ;  sorveglianza. 
Survey;   i.  vista,  visita,  esame, 

ispezione.     i.  levata  di  pia- 

ni,  rilevamento,  agrimensura. 

3.  considerare,  contemplare. 

4.  misurare,  levare   i    piani 
di,  rilevare. 

Surveyor;  agrimensore. 
Survival ;  sopravvivenza. 


Survive ;  sopravvivere. 

Susceptible ;  id. 

Suspect ;  annusare,  sospettare, 
diffidarsi  di. 

Suspend ;  sospendere. 

Suspenders ;  cigne,  bertelle. 

Suspense ;  incertezza,  dubbio. 

Suspension ;  sospensione.     • 
bridge,  ponte  sospeso. 

Suspensory  bandage;  sospen- 
sorio. 

Suspicion ;  sospetto. 

Suspicious ;  i.  sospetto.  2. 
malfidato. 

Sustain ;  sostenere,  reggere, 
sopportare. 

Sustenance ;  alimento. 

Sustentation ;  mantenimento. 

Sutler;  vivandiere. 

Suture ;  sutura. 

Suzerain ;  che  ha  signoria. 

Swab;  i.  strofinaccio  da  lavare, 
radazza.  2.  radazzare. 

Swaddling-clothes;  fasce. 

Swag;  i.  bottino.  2.  bagaglio 
portato  sul  dosso. 

Swage ;  stampo. 

Swagger;  i.  fanfaronata,  spa- 
gnolaggine,  boria.  2.  vana- 
gloriarsi,  vantarsi,  fare  lo 
spaccone,  lo  spavaldo,  il 
bravaccio. 

Swaggerer ;  smargiasso. 

Swain ;  amante. 

Swallow;  i.  rondine.  2.  in- 
ghiottire,  assorbire,  ingoiare ; 
He  will  —  anything  you  tell 
him,  beve  grosso. 

Swallow-tail  butterfly ;  ma- 
caone,  farfalla  coda  di  ron- 
dine. 

Swallow-tail  coat;  abitocoda 
di  rondine. 

Swallow-wort ;  asclepiade. 

Swamp ;  pantano,  palude. 

Swan ;  cigno. 

Swan-neck  pipe;  tubo  a  collo 
di  cigno. 

Swansdown  ;  piuma  di  cigno. 

Swanshot ;  pallottole  da  cigno. 

Swanskin;  mollettone. 

Swap ;  scambiare,  barattare. 

Sward ;  terreno  coperto  di 
erba. 

Swarm;  i.  sciame.  2.  folia, 
calca.  3.  far  lo  sciame.  4. 
abbondare,  pullulare.  5.  — 
up,  inerpicare  un  albero  ab- 
bracciandone  il  fusto. 

Swarthy;  fosco,  nericcio. 

Swashbuckler ;  mangiacristi- 
ani. 

Swath;  i.  falciata.  2.  linea 
di  erba  o  grano  falciato. 

Swathe ;  rifasciare. 

Sway;  i.  dominazione,  domi- 
nio.  2.  oscillare,  dondolare, 
agitarsi  lentamente ;  The  car- 
riage was  — ing  from  side  to 
side,  il  vagone  si  scoteva  da 
tutte  le  parti.  3.  —  up,  is- 
sare,  alzare. 

Swear ;  giurare,  bestemmiare, 
tirar  moccoli.  —  at,  ingiu- 
riare.  —  by,  fidarsi  impli- 
citamente  in,  esser  convinto 
dell'  efficacia  di.  —  falsely, 
spergiurarsi. 

Sweat;  i.  sudore.  2.  sudare. 
3.  tosare  (monete). 


Sweater;  i.  giacchetta a maglia 
con  maniche  lunghe.  2.  chi 
da  lavoro  a  prezzo  d'  affama- 
tore,  sfruttatore. 

Sweating  -  system  ;  sfrutta- 
mento  di  chi  lavora,  special- 
mente  a  casa,  per  guadagno 
meschinissimo. 

Sweaty ;  sudato. 

Swede ;  i.  Svedese.  i.  ruta- 
baga, rapa  svedese. 

Sweden ;  Svezia. 

Sweep;  i.  scopata.  2.  raggio, 
cerchio,  estensione.  3.  raz- 
zia. 4.  corso,  passaggio. 
5.  circuito.  6.  grande  remo, 
remo  da  galera.  7.  At  one 
— ,  d'  un  colpo.  8.  Make 
a  clean  — ,  far  tavola  rasa. 
9.  v.  Chimney-sweep. 

10.  spazzare,  scopare,  net- 
tare,  sbrattare.  ii. — away, 
rapire,  portar  via,  arraf- 
fare. 

Sweeper ;  spazzino. 

Sweepings ;  spazzatura. 

Sweep-net;  giacchio. 

Sweepstake ;  partita  dove  ogni 
giocatore  mette  una  posta  che 
va  al  vincitore. 

Sweet ;  dolce,  soave,  carino. 
— s,  dolci,  chicche. 

Sweet-bag;  sacchetto  d'  odo- 
ri. 

Sweet-bread  ;  animella  di  vi- 
tello. 

Sweet-briar;  rosa  salvatica 
dalle  foglie  odorose. 

Sweeten;  i.  inzuccherare.  2. 
addolcire. 

Sweet-flag;  canna  odorifera. 

Sweetheart ;  amante,  carino. 

Sweet  maudlin ;  erba  giulia. 

Sweetmeat;  confetto. 

Sweet-natured;  mansueto. 

Sweet-pea;  pisello  odoroso. 

Sweet-potato ;  patata  dolce. 

Sweet-rush;  v.  Sweet-flag. 

Sweet  scabious ;  scabiosa  mu- 
schiata. 

Sweet-scented;  profumato. 

Sweetstuff;  dolciumi. 

Sweet  sultan ;  ambretta. 

Sweet-toothed;  cui  piacciono 
i  dolci. 

Sweet  William ;  violine  di 
Spagna. 

Swell;  i.  elegante,  personag- 
gio  importante,  milorde,  gran 
signore.  2.  mar  nuovo,  mar 
di  leva,  ondeggiamento ;  — 
after  a  storm,  mar  morto, 
mar  vecchio  ;  Heavy  — ,  on- 
deggiamento grosso. 

3.  gonfiare,  ingrandire,  in- 
grossare,  crescere.  4.  — ed 
head,  testa  gonfia,  idea  esa- 
gerata  della  propria  impor- 
tanza. 

Swelling ;  tumore,  gonfiatura, 
enfiagione. 

Swelter ;  soffocare  di  caldo. 
— ing,  che  affoga.  It  is  a 
— ing  hot  day,  fa  un  caldo 
soffocante. 

Swerve;  piegarsi,  deviare. 

Swift;  i.  rondone.  2.  rapido, 
lesto,  pronto,  presto,  veloce. 
3.  (mar.)  imbrigliare,  assi- 
curare. 


Swig;   bere  a  gran   sorsi,   tra- 

cannare. 

Swill ;  trangugiare. 
Swill-tub;  mastello  per  la  la- 

vatura. 
Swim;     i.    nuotare.       i.     My 

head  — s,  mi  gira  la  testa. 

3.  esser  inondato  (di).    4.  Be 
in   the   — ,   esser  della  par- 
tita. 

Swim-bladder;  vescica  (d'  a- 
ria). 

Swindle;  i.  scrocco,  truffa. 
2.  scroccare,  trufiare. 

Swindler ;  scroccone. 

Swine ;  porco. 

Swineherd;  porcaro. 

Swing;  i.  altalena.  2.  oscil- 
lamento.  3.  In  full  — ,  in 
piena  attivita,  a  tutto  an- 
dare. 

4.  dondolare,  agitare,  o- 
scillare.  5.  fare  all'  altalena. 
6.  girare  (sull'  ancora) ;  — 
for  adjustment  of  the  com- 
passes, far  il  giro  della  bus- 
sola.  7.  —  the  yards  round, 
controbracciare,  cambiare. 
8.  — ing  room,  spazio  per 
presentare. 

Swing-bridge;  ponte  girante. 

Swingeing;  forte. 

Swinging  boom ;  tangone. 

Swinish ;  da  povco,  bestiale. 

Swipe;  i.  colpo.  2.  colpire 
(forte). 

Swipes ;  birra  leggera  o  cat- 
tiva. 

Swirl ;  scorrere  (acqua)  con 
moto  vorticoso. 

Swish;  i.  scroscio.  2.  scrosci- 
are.  3.  agitare  (la  coda). 

4.  sferzare    (con    verghe   di 
betulla). 

Swiss;  Svizzero. 

Switch;  i.  bacchetta.  2.  inter- 
ruttore,  rompicircuito,  com- 
mutatore.  3.  deviatoio,  ago 
scambiavia,  linguetta,  scam- 
bio  ;  Safety  — ,  deviatoio  di 
sicurezza. 

4.  far  deviare.  5.  —  off, 
on  (the  light),  spegnere,  ac- 
cendere.  6.  —  oft',  on  (the 
current),  aprire,  chiudere  (la 
corrente). 

Switch-board;  quadro  di  dis- 
tribuzione. 

Switch-man ;  sviatore,  guarda- 
eccentriche. 

Swivel ;  maglia  a  molinello, 
anello  a  molinello.  — block, 
bozzello  a  molinello.  — 
hook,  gancio  a  molinello. 
—  gun,  petriere. 

Swoon;  i.  svenimento.  2. 
svenire,  venir  meno. 

Swoop;  i.  At  one  — ,  ad  un 
sol  tratto,  ad  un  colpo.  i. 
piombar  su,  avventarsi  su. 

Sword ;  spada. 

Sword-bearer;  portaspada. 

Sword-belt;  cinturino. 

Sword-fish  ;  pesce  spada. 

Sword-grass;  giaggiolo,  spa- 
dacciola. 

Sword-knot ;  dragona. 

Swordsman ;  schermitore. 

Sworn ;  devoto  (amico), giurato 
(nemico). 


SYBARITE— TANSY 


CXVll 


Sybarite;  sibarita. 
Sycamore ;     acero    sicomoro, 

acero  fico,  loppone. 
Syce  ;  sais,  scudiero  indiano. 
Sycophant ;    sicofante,    paras- 

sita. 

Syllable;  sillabo. 
Syllabus ;   programma,   tavola 

di  studi,  di  conferenze. 
Syllogism  ;  sillogismo. 
Sylvan;  silvano. 


Symbol;  simbolo. 
Sympathetic ;  simpatico. 
Sympath-y,     -ise ;     simpatia 

ecc. 

Symphony;  sinfonia. 
Symptom ;  sintomo. 
Synagogue;  sinagoga. 
Synchronise ;  esser  sincrono. 
Syncope;    r.  sincope.     ?.  de- 

liquio,    svenimento,     lipoti- 

mia. 


Syndic ;  sindaco. 

Syndicate;  i.  consiglio  ammi- 
nistrativo,  sindacato.  i.  so- 
cieta  anonima  provvisoria. 

Synod;  sinodo. 

Synonym ;  sinonimo. 

Synopsis ;  sinossi. 

Synoptic ;  sinoptico. 

Syntax;  sintassi. 

Synthesis;  sintesi. 

Synthetic ;  sintetico. 


Syphilis;  sifilide. 

Syringa;  salindia. 

Syringe;   i.  siringa.     i.  sirin- 

gare. 

Syrup ;  sciroppo. 
Syrupy ;  come  lo  sciroppo. 
System;    i.   sistema.     2.   rete 

(ferroviaria). 
Systole;  sistole. 
Syzygy;  sizigie. 


Tab ;  laccetto. 

Tabby;  tigrato. 

Tabernacle ;  id. 

Tabes;  tabe. 

Table;  i.  tavola.  2.  pro- 
spetto. 

Tableaux  vivants ;  quadri 
plastici. 

Table-beer;  birra  leggera. 

Table-cloth ;  tovaglia. 

Table-cover;  tappeto. 

Table-d'h&te;  tavola  rotonda. 

Table-land;  altipiano. 

Tablet;  tavoletta. 

Taboo;  i.  cosa  proibita.  2. 
proibire  1'  uso  di. 

Tabular;  in  tavole.  —  state- 
ment, elenco. 

Tabula  rasa;  tavola  rasa. 

Tabulate ;  ridurre  in  tavole 
sinottiche,  catalogare,  far 
elenco  di. 

Tacit,  Taciturn;  id. 

Tack;  i.  bulletta  a  capocchia 
larga.  2.  bordata. 

3.  aggiungere.  4.  irnba- 
stire.  5.  bordeggiare,  virar 
di  bordo. 

Tackle;  i.  arnesi,  finimenti, 
roba.  i.  paranco.  3.  met- 
ter  mano  a,  intraprendere ;  I 
think  I  can  —  him,  credo 
d'  aver  abbastanza  forza  per 
ridurlo  alia  ragione ;  I  think 
I  know  how  to  —  the  job, 
credo  di  saper  come  fare  per 
riuscire  nell'  affare. 

Tact;  tatto. 

Tactics;  tattica. 

Tactile;  tattile. 

Tadpole ;  girino. 

Taenia;  tenia. 

Taffeta;  taffeta. 

Taffrail ;  coronamento. 

Tag;  i.  puntale,  aghetto.  2. 
zeppa,  taccone,  aggiunta. 
3.  aggiungere. 

Tag-rag  and  bob-tail ;  cana- 
glia. 

Tail ;  coda.  —  between  the 
legs,  v.  Zoppo  (4).  —  coat, 
abito  a  falde.  Swallow  — 
coat,  abito  a  coda  di  ron- 
dine. 

Tailings;  i.  mondiglia.  i.  ri- 
fiuto  di  una  miniera. 

Tailless;  scodato. 

Tailor ;  sartore. 

Tail-pocket;  tasca  nella  fal- 
da. 

Taint;  i.  infezione,  magagna, 
tinta,  macchia.  2.  infettare, 
guastare. 


Take;  i.piglia,  presa.  i.  pigli- 
are,  prendere.  3.  attecchire. 

4.  condurre.     5.  intendere. 
Take  advantage,  avvantaggiarsi. 

—  breath^  rifiatare.  —  one's 
chance,  rimettersi  alia  for- 
tuna.  — one's  choice,  scegli- 
ere.  —  credit  to  oneself  for, 
farsi  onore  di.  —  for  granted, 
prender  come  convenuto,  pre- 
supporre.  —  in  hand,  pren- 
der su  di  se.  —  into  one's 
head,  mettersi  in  testa.  — 
heed,  aver  cura,  badare.  — 
to  one's  heels,  menar  le  cal- 
cagna.  —  in  ///  part,  recare 
in  mala  parte.  —  a.  journey, 
fare  un  viaggio.  —  leave, 
permettersi.  —  notice,  osser- 
vare.  —  offence  at,  essere 
offeso  di.  —  to  pieces,  smon- 
tare.  —  pity  on,  aver  com- 
passione  di.  —  place,  aver 
luogo.  —  pleasure  in,  com- 
piacersi  a.  — pride  in,  van- 
tarsi  di.  —  root,  abbarbi- 
care.  —  a  turn,  fare  una 
girata.  —  one's  turn,  pren- 
dere il  proprio  turno. 

Take  after ;  rassomigliare  a. 

Take  away;  torre,  portar  via. 

Take  back;  i.  riprendere.  j. 
riportare.  3.  ricondurre,  me- 
nare. 

Takedown;  i.  abbattere.  2. 
inghiottire.  3.  scrivere,  far 
nota  di.  4.  abbassare,  am- 
mainare.  £.  umiliare.  6. 
staccare. 

Take  in ;  i .  ricevere,  alber- 
gare.  i.  introdurre,  far  en- 
trare.  3.  cingere  con  muro 
o  siepe.  4.  comprendere, 
arrivare  a  credere  ;  Do  you 

that  to-day  you  are  ten 

years  old  ?  hai  capito  che 
oggi  hai  dieci  anni  compiuti  ? 

5.  abbracciare,     includere. 

6.  esser  associato  a.     7.  — 
—  washing,  fare  la  stiratrice. 
8.  mettere  in  mezzo,  ingan- 
nare.     9.    raccorciare,  stret- 
tire. 

Take  into;  introdurre  in,  me- 
nare  in. 

Take  off;  i.  levarsi,  levarsi 
d'  addosso.  i.  imitare,  bur- 
larsi  di  (imitando).  3.  pren- 
der da.  4-  -  —  a  stain, 

smacchiare ; the  mask, 

smascherarsi ;  —  —  some  of 
the  bad  impression  he  has 
made,  scemare  la  cattiva  im- 


pressione  che  ha  fatta ; 

some  of  the  colour,  allegge- 
rire  il  colore ;  -  -  oneself 
— ,  svignarsela,  scappar  via. 
5.  spiccar  il  salto;  This  is 

where  you from,  e  da 

qui  che  si  spicca  il  salto. 

Take  on;  i.assumere.  2.  pren- 
der partito  contro,  opporsi  a. 
3.  affligersi,  lagrimare. 

Take  out ;  i.  fare  sparire  (mac- 
chia). 2.  estrarre.  3.  riti- 
rare.  4.  cancellare,  sdipin- 

fere.     5.  levare,  toglier  via. 
.   prendere  (brevetto),  farsi 
fare.      7.   staccare  (cavallo). 

8. for  exercise,  menar 

fuori  per  esercizio ;  —  —  for 
a  walk,  far  fare  una  passeg- 
giata.  9.  —  —  of  pawn, 
riscattare.  10.  —  it  —  of 
him,  fargliela  pagar  cara. 
ii.  —  it  —  of  one,  stancar 
uno,  straccarlo,  lasciarlo  esau- 
sto.  12.  — •  it  —  in,  rifarsi 
con,  pagarsi  in. 
Take  over;  i.  condurre  per. 

2.  assumere  la  responsabilita 
di ;    -      —    the   assets    and 
liabilities  of,  incaricarsi   del 
passivo  di,  ricevendone  1'  at- 
tivo;  -     —  the  business  of, 
rilevare,   prender   la  succes- 
sione  di ;   The  X  bank  was 
taken  over  by  the  Y,  la  banca 
X  fu  trasferita  alia  Y. 

Take  to;  i.  occuparsi  di,  ap- 
plicarsi  a.  2.  aver  ricorso  a. 

3.  trovar  piacere  in,  divenire 
amico   di.      4.    —  —   one's 
bed,  mettersi  a  letto.     5.  — 

—  drinking,  gambling,  darsi 

al    bere,  al   giocare ; 

smoking,  prender  1'abitudine 
di  fumare. 

Take  up;  i.v.  Take  to.    2.  — 

—  (an  invention),  interessar- 
sene.     3.  fare  (opzione).     4. 
Carriages   will   —   —   in   B 
street,  si  sale  in  carrozza  in 
via  B.     5.    patrocinare ;   He 
had  a  hard  struggle  till  he 
was   taken   up  by  Lord   C, 
menava  dura  vita  finche  ot- 
tenne  il  patrocinio  di  Lord  C. 
6.   assorbire.     7.  consumere 
(tempo).      8.    -       -  a  bill, 
saldare  una  cambiale  in  un 
giorno  diverse  di  quello  della 
sua    scadenza,    ritirare    una 
cambiale.     9.  arrestare.     10. 
far  salire. 

Taken  with  ;  innamorato  di. 


Talc;  talco. 

Tale ;  i .  novella,  racconto. 
2.  numero. 

Talebearer;  rifischione. 

Talent;  talento,  ingegno. 

Talisman;  id. 

Talk;  i.  discorso,  ragiona- 
mento,  diceria,  ciarla,  con- 
versazione ;  Small  — ,  frivo- 
lezze,  banalita ;  I  had  come 
to  the  end  of  my  small  — , 
discorrevo  del  piii  e  del  menu 
finche  non  ebbi  piu  nulla  da 
dire ;  Be  the  —  of  the  place, 
esser  nella  bocca  di  tutti. 
2.  parlare.  3.  —  out,  (a)  di- 
scorrer  su  un  progetto  di 
legge  finche  sia  impossible 
di  votarla,  (b)  discorrere  su 
qualche  cosa  completamente; 
You  had  better  —  it  out  with 
him  when  you  see  him,  farete 
bene  di  discorrere  di  tutto 
1'  affare  con  lui  quando  lo 
vedrete.  4.  —  over,  (a)  di- 
scorrere, (6)  guadagnar  dalla 
nostra  parte,  persuadere. 

Talkative ;  loquace. 

Tall ;  grande,  alto.  —  hat, 
cilindro,  cappello  alto. 

Tallow ;  sego. 

Tally ;  accordarsi,  quadrare. 

Talon ;  i.  artiglio,  branca. 
2.  matrice. 

Talus;  pendio,  scarpa. 

Tamarind;  tamarindo. 

Tamarisco;  tamerice. 

Tambour;  tamburo. 

Tame;  i.  mansueto,  docile, 
domestico.  2.  sbiadito.  3. 
domare,  addomesticare. 

Tamely ;  vilmente,  senza  re- 
sistenza. 

Tamer;  domatore. 

Tamp;  turare. 

Tamper ;  immischiarsi  di. 
Somebody  has  been  — ing 
with  this  lock,  qualcheduno 
ha  stuzzicato  questa  serratura. 

Tampion;  tappo. 

Tan ;  i.  buccia  per  concia. 
2.  conciare.  3.  abbronzare. 

Tang;  i.  sapore  aspro.  2.  al- 
ga. 3.  codolo,  spica. 

Tangent,  Tangible;  id. 

Tangle;  i.  garbuglio,  arruffio. 
2.  ingai  bugliare,  arruffarsi. 

Tank;  cisterna,  pozzo. 

Tankard;  boccale. 
Tanner;  conciapelli. 

Tannery;  concia. 
Tanning;  conceria. 
Tansy;  tanaceto. 


CXV111 


TANTALISE— TESTAMENT 


Tantalise ;   inuzzolire,  tormen- 

tare  con  le  pene  di  Tantalo, 

tentare,  far  venire  1'  acquo- 

lina  in  bocca. 

Tantamount ;  equipollente. 
Tantivy;  a  tutta  carriera. 
Tantrum ;    accesso    di    malu- 

more. 
Tap;    i.    botta.      2.    robinetto. 

3.    colpire  leggermente.     4. 

spillare,  manimettere,  forare. 

5.    far  la  paracentesi  a,  far 

incisione  a. 
Tape  ;  passamano,  nastro,  cor- 

dellina.       Red    — ,    regola- 

mento  burocratico  o  pedan- 

tico. 
Taper;     i.    cero.      2.    affuso- 

lare. 
Tapering ;      assottigliato     dal 

piede  o  verso  1"  estremita. 
Tapestry;    i.    arazzo.     2.    co- 

prire  con  degli  arazzi. 
Tape-worm ;  tenia. 
Tapioca;  id. 
Tapir;  tapiro. 
Tapis;  tappeto. 
Tappet ;    bocciuolo   di   espan- 

sione,   castagnuola   dell'   ec- 

centrico. 

Tap-room;  sala  di  osteria. 
Tap-root ;  fittone,  barbicone. 
Tar;    i.    catrame.     i.    incatra- 

mare.     3.   lupo  di  mare,  ma- 

rinaio.     4.   Have  a  touch  of 

the  —  brush,  aver  un  negro 

fra  gli  antenati. 
Tarantula;  tarantola. 
Tardy;  tardo,  lento. 
Tare;    i.    zizzania,   loglio.     2. 

veccia.     3.    tara. 
Target ;  bersaglio. 
Tariff;  tariffa. 
Tarlatan ;  tarlatana. 
Tarn  ;  laghetto  nelle  niontagne. 
Tarnish ;  appannare,  offuscare, 

annerire,  scolorire. 
Tarpaulin ;    tela    incatramata, 

copertone. 

Tarragon ;  targone. 
Tarry;  incatramato. 
Tarry  ;  indugiare,  andar  per  le 

lunghe,  farsi  tardi. 
Tarsus ;  tarso. 
Tart;    i.    torta,    crostata.       2. 

aspro,  brusco. 
Tartar;  tartaro. 
Tartlet ;  tortina,  pasticcino. 
Tartly;  aspramente. 
Task;   i.  compito.     2.  far  la- 

vorare.     3.  Take  to  — ,  ram- 

pognare. 

Task-master;  padrone. 
Tassel ;  fiocco,  nappina.  — led, 

ornato  di  fiocchi. 
Taste  £  i.    gusto,  sapore.      2. 

gustare,  assaggiare.     3.  aver 

un  sapore.     4.  sentire,  pro- 

vare. 

Tasteful ;  di  buon  gusto. 
Tasteless;     i.    senza    sapore, 

scipito.     v.  di  cattivo  gusto. 
Taster;  assaggiatore. 
Tasty;  saporito. 
Ta-ta;  addiol 
Tatterdemalion ;  pezzente. 
Tattered ;  stracciato. 
Tatters ;  cenci. 
Tattle;  ciancia. 
Tattler ;  ciancione. 


Tattoo ;     tatuare.       Beat    the 

devil's  — ,  tamburinare  colle 

dita  sulla  tavola. 
Tattoo-marks ;  tatuaggio. 
Taunt;    i.  sarcasmo,  beffa,  in- 

sulto,    rinfaccio,    motteggio. 

2.  sgridare,  gettare  alia  fac- 

cia,  rinfacciare. 
Taut;  teso. 
Tautology;  id. 
Tavern ;  osteria,  bettola. 
Taw;    i.    palla  di   marmo  da 

giuoco.     2.   conciare  con  al- 

lume. 

Tawdry ;  barocco,  chiassoso. 
Tawny;  fulvo. 
Tax;  i.  tassa,  imposta.    2.  tas- 

sare.     3.    accusare  (di).     4. 

esigere  ;  It  may  —  yon  rather 

severely,   puo  essere  un   la- 

voro   alquanto   duro    per   la 

forza  vostra. 

Taxable ;  soggetto  a  tassa. 
Tax-free;     esente    da    tassa, 

senza  deduzione   della  tassa 

sulle  entrate. 

Taxidermist ;  impagliatore. 
Tea;  te. 

Tea-caddy;  scatola  da  te. 
Tea-cake ;    specie    di    schiac- 

ciata. 

Teach ;  insegnare,  ammaestrare. 
Teachable;  docile. 
Teacher ;  insegnante,  maestro. 
Teaching ;  istruzione. 
Tea-cup ;  tazza  da  te. 
Tea  -  garden  ;   giardino  di  un 

ristorante. 

Teak;     tectona,    legno     teak. 
—  tree,  quercia  delle  Indie 

orientali. 

Tea-kettle;  bricco,  cuccuma. 
Teal ;  alzavola. 
Team  ;  tiro,  partito. 
Teamster;    conduttore   d'   un 

tiro. 

Teapot;  teiera. 
Tear;   i.  lagrima.     2.  squarcio, 

stracciatura.      3.    stracciare, 

lacerare.    4.  — ing  rage,  furia. 

5.  —  off,  —  out,  strappare. 

6.  —  up,  (a)  squarciare,  met- 
ter  in   pezzi,   (K)   —  by  the 
roots,  sradicare. 

Tearful ;  lagrimoso. 
Tea-rose ;  rosa  te. 
Tease;  i.  contrariare,  stuzzi- 

care,    importunare,    tormen- 

tare.     2.   pettinare,  cardare. 
Teasel ;  scardasso,  cardo. 
Tea-spoon;  cucchiaino. 
Teat;   tetta,  poppa,  capezzolo, 

cioccia. 

Technical;  tecnico. 
Technicality;  cavillo  tecnico. 
Technique ;  tecnica. 
Ted ;  rivoltare  (fieno). 
Tedder;  spandifieno. 
Tedious;  id. 

Tedium ;  tedio,  noia,  uggia. 
Tee;    i.    prato   di  partenza  al 

giuoco  di  golf.     2.    mucchi- 

etto    di    rena    per    la   palla, 

cominciando  a  giocare.     3. 

metier    la    palla    sul    detto 

mucchietto. 
Teem ;     abbondare,     formico- 

lare. 
Teens;    In  his  — ,  d'  un'  eta 

tra  tredici  e  diciannove  anni 


(perche  questi  numeri  lini- 
scono  in  inglese  colla  sillaba 
•teen). 

Teethe ;  mettere  i  denti. 

Teetotal;  non-alcoolico. 

Teetotaller;  bevilacqua,  aste- 
mio. 

Teetotum;  trottolina. 

Telegram ;  dispaccio. 

Tele-graph,  -phone;  id. 

Telescope  ;  telescopio. 

Tell;  i.  dire;  I  am  told,  mi 
si  dice.  2.  raccontare.  3. 
scoprire  (differenza).  4.  por- 
tar  effetto,  far  il  suo  effetto. 
5.  contare  (i  votanti);  — for 
the  Ayes,  contare  i  si.  6. 

—  off,  designare  ad  un  servi- 
zio  particolare.     7.  —  upon, 
fare  effetto  su. 

Teller;  scrutatore. 
Temerity;  id.,  arditezza. 
Temper;     i.    umore,    disposi- 

zione.     2.  tempra.     3.  Keep 

one's  — ,  non  lasciarsi  andare 

in  collera,  serbare  la  calma. 

4.  temperare.  5.  moderare. 
Temperament;  id.,  comples- 

sione. 

Temperance ;  id. 
Temperate;     i.     sobrio.      2. 

temperato. 
Temperature ;  id. 
Tempest ;  id. 
Templar ;  id. 
Template ;  sagoma. 
Temple;  i.  tempio.   2.  tempia. 
Temporal;  id. 

Temporalities;  ben:  temporal!. 
Temporary;  temporaneo. 
Temporise ;  temporeggiare. 
Tempt;  tentare. 
Tempting;  tentante,  seducente. 
Ten ;  dieci.     Set  of  — ,  diecina. 

It  is  —  o'clock,  sono  le  dieci. 
Tenable ;  tenibile,  sostenibile. 
Tenace  ;  combinazione  del  me- 

glio  d'  un  seme  di  carte  col 

terzo  meglio. 
Tenacious ;  tenace. 
Tenancy;  fitto,  locazione. 
Tenant ;     fittaiolo,     pigionale, 

locatario,   inquilino. 
Tenantable  ;  abitabile.     In  — 

repair,  in  istato  abitabile. 
Tenantless ;  senza  locatario. 
Tenantry ;  i  fittaiuoli. 
Tench;  tinea. 
Tend;  i.  vegliare,  avercuradi. 

2.  tendere,  aver  tendenza. 
Tender;  i.  tender  (della  loco- 

motiva).     2.  scafa.     3.  offer- 

ta.      4.    Legal    — ,    danaro 

legale.     5.    tenero,  delicato, 

amoroso,     compassionevole, 

sensitive.     6.  offrire.     7.  de- 

ferire  (giuramento). 
Tenderer ;     offrente,    concor- 

rente. 

Tendon ;  nervo,  tendine. 
Tendril;  viticcio. 
Tenement ;    tenuta,  casa,  ap- 

partamento  (di  basso  valore). 

—  house,   casamento  diviso 
in  appartamenti  di  basso  va- 
lore. 

Tenet;  dogma. 
Tenfold ;  dieci  volte. 
Tennis ;  palla  corda.    —  court, 
terreno  della  palla  corda. 


Tenon ;  maschio. 

Tenor;    i.  id.     2.    senso,  so- 

stanza. 

Tense;  i.  tempo.     2.  teso. 
Tension ;  id. 
Tent;   i.  tenda,  padiglione.    2. 

vino  d'  Alicante.     3.  rotolo 

di  nlaccia. 
Tentacle;  id. 
Tentative ;     di     tentative,    di 

prova. 
Tenter-hook ;   uncino  affilato, 

arpione.      Be  on  — s,  csser 

sulle  spine,  in  angoscia. 
Tenth ;  decimo. 
Tenuity ;  id. 
Tenure ;  possesso,  occupazione. 

—  of  office,  gestione. 

Ten  weeks  stock;  violacciocca 

rossa  quarantina. 
Tepid;  tiepido. 
Tercentenary ;       anniversario 

trecentesimo. 
Tergiversation;  id. 
Term;   i.  termine.     2.  durata. 

3.  — s,    condizioni,    patto, 
prezzo  ;    Not  on  any  — s,  a 
nessun  patto  ;    Arrange  — s 
with,  far  patto  con  ;  I  have 
named    my   lowest   — s,    ho 
dato   il  mio   ultimo   prezzo. 

4.  trimestre.    5.  sessione(dei 
tribunali).     6.  On  good  — s 
with,  amico  di ;  We  are  on 
bad  — s,   non   siamo   amid. 

7.  On  equal  — s,  del  pari. 

8.  chiamare. 
Termagant;  megera. 
Terminate;  terminare. 
Terminus;  termini. 

Tern ;  beccapesci,  corriere,  fra- 
ticello,  rondine  di  mare. 

Ternary;  id. 

Terrace ;  terrapieno,  terrazzina, 
terrazza.  — s  on  a  hill  side, 
elevazioni  di  terra  a  guisa 
di  gradini,  balzi,  scaglioni. 
Along  the  Rhine  the  vines 
are  often  grown  upon  — s, 
sul  Reno  le  vigne  si  piantano 
spesso  su  de'  terrapieni.  The 
hillsides  are  — d  for  the  vines, 
le  colline  son  terrazzate  per 
la  coltivazione  delia  vite. 
— d  vineyard,  vigna  a  balzi. 

Terrestrial ;  terrestre. 

Terrible;  id. 

Terrier ;  cane  bassotto,  terrier. 

—  bitch,  cagna  terrier. 
Terrific  ;  spaventevole. 
Terrify;  spaventare. 
Territor-y,  -ial ;  id. 
Terror;  /,/. 

Terrorise ;  terrorizzare. 
Terse;  id. 

Tertian;  terzano. 

Tertiary;  terziario. 

Tessellated ;  intarsiato,  a  scac- 
clii,  mosaico. 

Test;  i.  prova;  Climbing  a 
high  mountain  is  a  severe  — 
of  endurance,  il  salire  un1  alta 
montagna  e  una  prova  dura 
della  capacita  per  sopportare 
la  fatica.  2.  criterio.  3. 
provare,  assaggiare,  coppel- 
lare;  —  for  arsenic,  esami- 
nare  per  accertarsi  se  vi  sia 
dell'  arsenico. 

Testament,  -ary;  id. 


TESTATOR— THUS 


CX1X 


Testator;  id. 

Tester;  cielo  di  letto. 

Testicle;  id. 

Testify;  testificare. 

Testimonial;  id. 

Testimony ;  testimonianza. 

Test-paper;  carta  reattiva, 
carta  di  prova. 

Test-tube ;  tubo  d'  assaggio, 
bicchiere  cilindrico. 

Testy ;  irascibile,  iroso. 

Tetanus;  tetano. 

Tete-a-tete  ;  colloquio  a  quat- 
tr'  occhi. 

Tether;  impastoiare,  legare. 

Text;  testo. 

Text-book;  manuale. 

Textile;  tessile. 

Textual;  testuale. 

Texture ;  tessitura. 

Thaler;  tallero. 

Thallus;  tallo. 

Thames ;  Tamigi. 

Than;  i.  che.  2.  (after  a  com- 
parative) di. 

Thane ;  barone  sassone. 

Thank;  ringraziare. 

Thankful ;  riconoscente. 

Thankless;  ingrato. 

Thanks ;  grazie,  vi  ringrazio. 

That;  i.  quello.  2.  cio.  3. 
acciocche,  perche,  aftinche. 
4.  il  quale,  che.  5.  For  all 
— ,  malgrado  tutto  cio.  6. 
-  man,  quegli,  colui ;  — 
fellow,  costui.  7.  So  — , 
cosicche,  talmente  che. 

Thatch;  i.  paglia,  stipa.  2. 
coprire  (con  tale  materia). 

Thaw;   i.  sgelo.     2.  sgelare. 

The ;  You  will  be  all  —  warmer 
for  it,  ne  avrete  tanto  piii 
caldo.  —  richer  people  are 

—  more  covetous  they  are, 
piu  si  e  ricco,  piu  si  e  avaro. 
To  shine  —  brighter,  brillare 
con  tanto  piu  splendore. 

Theatre ;  teatro,  scena. 

Theatrical ;  teatrale,  scenico. 

Theca;  teca. 

Thee;  ti. 

Theft ;  furto,  ruberia. 

Their;  loro.  — s,  il  loro,  quello 
di  loro. 

Theist;  teista. 

Theme ;  tema. 

Themselves ;  se  stessi. 

Then ;  i.  allora,  in  quel  tempo. 
2.  poscia,  poi,  indi,  su  questo; 
What  — ?  e  poi?  3.  clunque, 
percio, /|uindl.  4.  d'  allora, 
di  quell'  epoca.  5.  Every 
now  and  — ,  di  quando  in 
quando,  ogni  tanto.  6.  Till 
— ,  fin  allora. 

Thence  ;  intli,  di  la,  da  questo. 

Thenceforth  ;  da  quel  tempo 
in  qua,  da  indi  in  qua,  d'  ora 
innanzi,  in  avvenire,  d'  allora 
in  poi. 

Theocracy;  teocrazia. 

Theodolite ;  teodolito. 

Theology;  teologia. 

Theory  ;  teoria. 

Theosophy;  teosofia. 

Therapeutics ;  terapeutica. 

There;  li,  la,  cola,  vi,  ci,  ivi. 

—  and  then,  II  per  11. 
Thermal;  termale. 
Thermometer;  termometro. 


Thesis;  tesi. 

Thews;  muscoli. 

They ;  essi,  coloro. 

Thick;  i.  grosso,  fitto,  spesso, 

serrato,  folto,  denso.    2.  tor- 

bido.       3.    stupido.       4.    in 

folia,  a   sciami.      5.    stretto 

(amico).    6.  Through — and 

thin,  senza  rilassamento. 
Thicken;  i.addensare.affollare, 

condensare.     2.  animarsi,  ri- 

scaldarsi  (trama). 
Thickening ;     ingredient!   per 

condensare. 

Thicket ;  macchia  folta. 
Thick-knee;  occhione. 
Thick-lipped;  che  ha  le  labbra 

grosse. 
Thickness ;  spessezza,  grossez- 

za,  stato  torbido. 
Thickset ;  traccagnotto. 
Thick-skinned ;  impassibile. 
Thief;  ladro. 
Thieve;  rubare. 
Thievish ;  ladro,  ladronesco. 
Thigh;  coscia. 
Thigh-bone ;  femore. 
Thimble;    j.    ditale.     2.    ra- 

dancia. 
Thimble-case  ;  astuccio  per  il 

ditale. 

Thimbleful;  dito. 
Thimble-rigger;  giocatore  di 

bussolotti. 
Thin;  i.  magro,smunto, smilzo. 

2.  rado,  sparso.      3.  sottile. 
4.    leggero,   esile.      5.  dira- 
dare,  sterzare. 

Thing ;  cosa,  affare.  — s,  effet- 
ti,  roba.  Above  all  — s, 
innanzi  tutto.  It  is  a  good 
— ,  e  molto  bene.  For  one 
— ,  prima  di  tutto.  That  is 
the  — ,  ecco  il  punto.  The 
-  is  that,  si  vede  che,  gli 
e  che,  non  si  deve  dimenti- 
care  che.  This  is  just  the 
—  for  you,  questo  e  proprio 
cio  che  vi  bisogna.  Be  not 
quite  the  — ,  non  esser  pro- 
prio cio  che  si  vorrebbe. 
Know  a  —  or  two,  saperla 
lunga.  Put  on  one's  — s, 
abbigliarsi.  Take  one's  — s 
off,  svestirsi. 

Thingumbob ;  coso. 

Think;  pensare,  credere.  What 
do  you  —  of  it  ?  che  ve  ne 
pare  ?  I  don't  —  much  of 
it,  non  ne  ho  troppa  buona 
opinione.  —  out,  conside- 
rare  in  tutte  le  sue  conse- 
guenze. 

Thinking;  che  riflette,  di  giu- 
dizio. 

Thinly ;  v.  Thin.  —  scattered, 
seminato  qua  e  la. 

Third;  terzo. 

Thirst ;  i.  sete.     2.  aver  sete. 

3.  Quench  one's  — ,   disse- 
tarsi. 

Thirsty ;    assetato,    sitibondo. 

I  am  very  — ,  ho  gran  sete. 
Thirteen ;  tredici. 
Thirteenth ;  tredicesimo. 
Thirty ;  trenta. 
Thirty-first;  trentesimo primo. 
Thirty-one ;  trentuno. 
This;  questo,  codesto.    —  way, 

da  qui. 


Thistle;  cardo. 
Thistle-down;  peluria  di  car- 
done. 

Thistly ;  tutto  cardoni. 
Thither ;  11,  la,  cola. 
Thole-pin ;  scalmo. 
Thong ;  striscia  di  cuoio. 
Thorax;  torace. 
Thorn ;  spina.     —  tree,  spino. 
Thornback ;  arzilla  chiodata. 
Thorny;  spinoso. 
Thorough ;  perfetto,  profondo. 
Thorough-bred ;  di  puro  san- 

gue,  reale. 
Thoroughfare ;  passaggio  aper- 

to,  via  pubblica. 
Thoroughness ;  sincerita,  riso- 

lutezza. 
Thorough-paced ;   compiuto. 

—  rascal,  furfante  di  tre  cotte. 
Thou;  tu. 
Though;     i.     benche,     quan- 

tunque,    sebbene,    tuttoche, 

ammesso     pure,     ancorche, 

quand*  anche.     2.  pero,  per- 

tanto,  pure. 
Thought ;  pensiero. 
Thoughtful ;  pensieroso. 
Thoughtless;  spensierato,  stor- 

dito,  leggero. 

Thousand ;  mille,  migliaio. 
Thousandth;  millesimo. 
Thraldom  ;  schiavjtii. 
Thrall;  schiavo. 
Thrash  ;  i.  bastonare.    2.  treb- 

biare. 
Thrasher;  i.  orca.     2.  alopia 

coda-lunga. 
Thrashing-machine;  trebbia- 

trice. 
Thread;  i.  filo,  refe.     2.  pane 

(di  vite).      3.    infilare,   infil- 

zare. 
Threadbare ;     usato,     logoro, 

sciupato. 

Thread-worm ;  ossiuro. 
Thready;  filiforme. 
Threat;  minaccia. 
Threaten ;  minacciare. 
Three  ;  tre.    —  times  as  much, 

tre  volte  tanto.     Rule  of  — , 

regola  del  tre. 
Three-cornered;    triangolare. 

hat,  nicchio. 

Threefold;  triple. 
Thresh;  v.  Thrash. 
Threshold;  soglia, 
Thrice ;  tre  volte. 
Thrift;   i.  economia,  frugalita. 

2.  spillettone. 
Thrill ;    far   fremere,    rabbrivi- 

dire. 

Thrilling ;  commoventissimo. 
Thrive ;    r.  allignare.    i.    pro- 

sperare. 

Thriving;  fiorente. 
Throat ;  gola,  strozza. 
Throb ;    i .   groppo,    spasimo. 

2.   palpitare,  battere. 
Throe ;  angoscia,  agonia. 
Throne;  trono. 
Throng;     i.    calca,    folia.      2. 

accalcare. 

Throttle ;  strozzare. 
Through ;   a  traverse,  per,  da 

banda   a   banda,   per   mezzo 

di,  per  colpa  di.      —  train, 

treno  dirf't).     — ticket,  bi- 

glietto    diretto.      Carry   — , 

portare  alia  fine. 


Throughout ;  dappertutto. 

Throw;  i.  tiro,  getto.  2.  cor- 
sa  (dello  scantuffo,  della  ma- 
novella,  ecc.).  3.  gettare, 
scagliare,  buttare,  lanciare. 

4.  atterrare.        $.     torcere 
(seta). 

Throw  about ;  spargere  qua  e  la. 
Throw  aside ;  metier  da  parte. 
Throw  away ;  scialacquare, 

spendere  inutilmente. 
Throw  back;  i.  gettar  dietro. 

2.     far    indietreggiare.       3. 

mostrare    le     caratteristiche 

d"  un  antenato  remoto. 
Throw  in;    dare  per  sopram- 

mercato. 

Throw  into  gear;  ingranare. 
Throw  off;    i.    gettar  via,  le- 

vare.      2.    improvvisare.     3. 

liberarsi  da.     4.    -      —  the 

scent,  far  perdere  le  tracce. 

5.  sguinzagliare. 

Throw  on  ;  metier  (vestiti)  alia 

meglio. 
Throw  out;    i.   metier  fuori. 

2.  rigellare.    3.  cacciare  (da 

uffizio).     4.    slurbare,  scom- 

pigliare,  sconcertare.     5.  — 

—  of  gear,  disingranare. 
Throw   up;    i.    costruire.     2. 

getlare  in  aria.      3.    abban- 

donare.     4.  vomilare. 
Thrum;   i.  frangia.     2.  strim- 

pellare  (il  pianoforte). 
Thrush ;    i.    tordo.      2.    afte, 

mughetto. 
Thrush-nightingale ;    canna- 

reccione. 
Thrust;   i.  botta.    2.  spingere, 

ficcare,  cacciare. 
Thrust-block;  cuscinetto  reg- 

gispinla. 
Thrust  -  shaft ;     asse     reggi- 

spinla. 

Thud ;  colpo  sordo. 
Thug ;  assassino  religiose. 
Thuja;  tuia. 
Thumb  ;    pollice.      Under  his 

— ,  in  suo  potere. 
Thumbed ;   che  mostra  d'  es- 

sere  stato  letlo  e  riletto  molte 

volte. 

Thumb-stall ;  fascetta  pel  pol- 
lice. 
Thump ;    i.    botta,  colpo.     2. 

battere,  bastonare. 
Thumping;  grosso.     — great, 

enorme,  madomale. 
Thunder;    i.   tuono.     2.   tuo- 

nare. 
Thunderbolt ;    colpo    di    ful- 

mine. 

Thunderclap  ;  colpo  di  tuono. 
Thundercloud ;  nuvolone. 
Thunder-er,  -ing;  tonante. 
Thunderous ;  come  il  tuono. 
Thundershower ;  pioggia  con 

tuono. 
Thunderstorm;  temporalecon 

tuono. 

Thunderstruck;  fulminato. 
Thundery;  che  minaccia  tem- 

porale  con  tuono,  temporal- 

esco. 

Thurible;  turibolo. 
Thursday ;  giovedl. 
Thus ;  cosl.  —  much,  quanlo 

questo.     I   can   tell    you   - 

much,  posso  dirvelo  fino  qui. 


cxx 


THWACK— TOLLING 


Thwack ;  colpo  secco,  bussa. 

Thwart;  i.  banco,  2.  contra- 
riare,  attraversare,  opporsi  a. 

Thyme;  timo. 

Thyrsus;  tirso. 

Tiara;  id. 

Tic-douloureux;  nevralgia  fac- 
ciale. 

Tick;  i.  v.  Ticking  (2).  i. 
credito.  3.  zecca.  4.  suono 
di  ticche-tacche  ;  Watch  with 
a  loud  — ,  orologio  che  fa 
ticche-tacche  rumorosamen- 
te.  5.  segno,  segnetto.  6. 
far  ticche-tacche.  7.  se- 
gnare. 

Tick-bean ;  fava  da  foraggio. 

Ticker ;  (gergo),  orologio. 

Ticket ;  r.  biglietto  ;  Season 
— ,  biglietto  d'  abbonamento ; 
Season  —  holder,  abbonato. 
2.  etichetta,  cartellino,  sche- 
da,  bollettino,  buono.  3. 
metier  1'  etichetta  a,  munir 
d'  etichetta. 

Ticket-examiner;  controllore. 

Ticket-of-leave ;  liberazione 

condizionale. man, 

forzato  condizionalmente  li- 
berate. 

Ticket-window;  sportello. 

Ticking;  i.  ticche-tacche.  2. 
traliccio,  tela  da  materassa. 

Tickle ;  solleticare,  vellicare, 
titillare. 

Ticklish;  i.  che  teme  il  solle- 
tico,  sensitivo  al  solletico. 
i.  delicato,  scabroso. 

Ticklishness ;  suscettibilita  al 
solletico. 

Tidal;  i.  di  marea;  —  basin, 
bacino  di  marea;  —  river, 
flume  che  sente  la  marea. 

1.  —  wave,  maroso  straor- 
dinario,  p.e.  quello  prodotto 
da    un    terremoto    sottoma- 
rino. 

Tidal-ball;  palloncino  di  se- 
gnalazione  di  marea. 

Tide;  i.  marea,  corrente  di 
marea ;  Turn  of  the  — ,  cam- 
biamento  di  marea.  2.  — 
over,  (a)  sormontare,  (&)  aiu- 
tare  a  sormontare. 

Tide-gate;  i.  chiusa  di  marea 
ascendente.  2.  grande  cor- 
rente di  marea  tra  terra  e 
terra. 

Tide-gauge ;  mareometro. 

Tide-rip;  ribollimento  di  ma- 
rea. 

Tide-waiter;  i.  doganiere  che 
aspetta  le  navi  che  entrano 
colla  marea  per  far  loro 
pagare  i  diritti.  2.  politico 
che  aspetta  1'  opinione  pub- 
blica  prima  di  dichiararsi. 

Tide-way ;  filo  di  corrente. 

Tidily ;  bene,  nettamente,  pu- 
litamente. 

Tidiness;  pulitezza. 

Tidings ;  nuove,  notizie. 

Tidy;  j.  pulito,  netto,  Undo; 
Put  — ,  ravviare,  ravversare. 

2.  copertura    (di    seggiola, 
ecc.). 

Tie;    i.   legame.     2.   cravatta. 

3.  parita  di  voti,  partita  nul- 
la  ;    Be   — s,    far   patta.     4. 
(mus. )  legatura. 


5.     legare,   attaccare.      6. 

fare  (nodo).      7.    —   down, 

obbligare.      8.    —   up,   ser- 

rare,  assicurare. 
Tier;    i.   fila,  ordine  ;   In  — s, 

disposto  a  gradini.     2.  rango 

(di  cavo). 
Tierce  ;  terza.     —  major,  ter- 

za  maggiore,  napoletana  sec- 

ca. 

Tie-rod;  tirante,  cignatura. 
Tiff;  battibecco. 
Tiffany ;  garza  di  seta. 
Tiffin  ;  merenda. 
Tiger ;  tigre.     —  beetle,  cicin- 

dela.    —  cat,  gatto  selvaggio. 

—    lily,   giglio    tigrino.     — 

moth,  specie  di   bombicino, 

Arctia  caja. 
Tight;   i.  serrato,  teso,  stretto. 

2.  (mar.)  stagno.     3.    (ger- 
go),  brillo. 

Tighten ;  serrare,  stringere. 

Tights ;  calzoni  collanti,  ma- 
glia. 

Tilbury ;  tilburi,  calessino. 

Tile;  i.  tegolo,  embrice  ;  Floor 
— ,  mattone.  2.  ammatto- 
nare  ;  — d  floor,  ammattona- 
to  ;  — d  roof,  tetto  a  tegoli. 

Tile-maker ;  fornaciaio. 

Tiler;  conciatetti. 

Tiling,  Tiles ;  tegolato. 

Till;  i.  fino,  infino,  sino,  in- 
sino,  finche.  2.  cassetta. 

3.  coltivare. 

Tiller ;  barra  del  timone. 

Tilt;  i.  copertone,  tenda,  filza 
di  gondola.  2.  giostra.  3. 
inclinazione.  4.  giostrare, 
fare  il  paladino.  5.  inclinare. 

Tilth ;  profondita  del  1'  ara- 
tura. 

Tilting-cart ;  carro  a  bilico. 

Timbale ;  pasticcino  ripieno. 

Timber;  i.  trave.  2.  legname. 
3.  Heavily  — ed,  con  molti 
grandi  alberi. 

Timber-hitch ;  nodo  d'  an- 
guilla. 

Timbrel ;  cembalo. 

Time;  i.  tempo,  epoca.  2. 
volta  ;  At  — s,  alle  volte. 
3.  ora ;  What  —  is  it  ?  che 
ora  e?  4.  fissare  il  tempo 
(di  una  visita).  5.  He  — -d 
his  blow  so  as  to...,  fece  il 
colpo  nel  momento  che.... 
6.  From  —  immemorial,  ab 
antico.  7.  In  • —  to  come, 
per  1'  avvenire.  8.  Watch 
for  the  — ,  spiare  1'  oc- 
casione. 

Time-allowance ;  compenso 
di  tempo  (alle  regatte). 

Time-ball ;  pallone  per  se- 
gnalare  il  tempo. 

Time-bargain ;  patto  da  ese- 
guirsi  ad  un'  epoca  futura. 

Time-fuse ;  spoletta  a  tempo. 

Time-honoured;  venerabile. 

Timeist ;  tempista. 

Time-keeper;  i.  chi  registra 
le  ore  di  lavoro  in  un  opifi- 
cio.  2.  Good,  Bad  —  — , 
(orologio)  che  va  esatta- 
mente  o  no. 

Timely;  opportune. 

Time-piece;  orologio. 

Time-server;  opportunista. 


Time-sheet;  foglia  di  pre- 
senza. 

Time-table ;  indicatore. 

Time-worn  ;  logoro  dagli  anni. 

Timid,  Timorous;  id. 

Timothy  grass;  erba  timotea, 
coda  di  topo. 

Tin;  i.  stagno.  2.  (gergo) 
quibus.  3.  scatola  di  latta. 
4.  stagnare. 

Tincture;  tintura. 

Tinder;  esca. 

Tine  ;  dente  (di  erpice). 

Tinfoil;  stagnola. 

Tinge ;  tingere,  colorire. 

Tingle ;  cuocere,  v.  Smart  (5). 

Tinker;  i.  calderaio ambulante. 
2.  raccomodare  alia  meglio. 

Tinkle;  tintinnire. 

Tinkling;  tintinnio. 

Tinman ;  stagnaio,  lattaio. 

Tinned  ;  conservato  (in  iscatola 
di  latta). 

Tin-plate;  latta. 

Tinsel;  i.  orpello.  2.  lustro 
o  splendore  falso. 

Tint;  i.  tinta,  colore.  2.  tin- 
gere, colorire. 

Tiny;  piccolino.   — bit,  tantino. 

Tip;  i.  punta.  2.  regalo, 
mancia.  3.  informazione  pri- 
vata  riguardo  un  cavallo  da 
corsa,  consiglio  amichevole 
riguardo  affari  di  Borsa.  4. 
luogo  per  gettare  il  rifiuto  di 
miniera,  scarico.  5.  cuoio. 

6.  mettere  o  fare  una  punta 
a.  7.  coprire  la  punta,  met- 
tere il  cuoio  (ad  una  stecca  da 
biliardo).  8.  —  a  wink  to, 
lanciare  uno  sguardo  a.  9. 
fare  un  regalo  a.  10.  — 
over,  rovesciare. 

Tip-cart ;  carro  a  bilico. 

Tip-cat;  nizza. 

Tippet ;  pellegrina.  Fur  — , 
palatina. 

Tipple;  i.  bevanda.  2.  bevic- 
chiare,  sbeucchiare. 

Tippler;  beone. 

Tipstaff;  usciere. 

Tipster;  chi  da  informazioni 
private,  v.  Tip  (3). 

Tipsy;  briaco,  ubbriaco. 

Tipsy-cake ;  pasta  inglese. 

Tiptoe;  .On  — ,  sulla  punta 
de'  piedi.  On  the  —  of 
expectation,  aspettando  col 
cuore  sospeso. 

Tiptop ;  i.  cima.  2.  eccellente, 
di  prima  forza  ;  Be  — ,  esser 
1'  asso. 

Tirade ;  tirata. 

Tire;   i.  stancare.     2.  v.  Tyre. 

Tired;  stanco. 

Tireless;  indefesso. 

Tiresome ;  noioso,  importune. 

Tissue;  tessuto.  —  paper, 
carta  velina. 

Tit;  i.  v.  Teat.  ».  basettino, 
cincia,  cinciallegra,  cincia- 
rella,  codibugnolo. 

Titan,  -ic;  id. 

Titbit ;  leccornia,  ghiottoneria, 
manicaretto. 

Tithe ;  decima  parte,  decima. 
—  collector,  esattore  delle 
decime.  —  owner,  riscoti- 
tore  della  decima.  —  pay- 
ing, soggetto  alia  decima. 


Titillate;  titillare. 
Titivate ;  rinfronzolarsi. 
Titlark ;  pispola. 
Title;  titolo. 
Title-page;  frontispizio. 
Titmouse ;  v.  Tit  (2). 
Titter;  risolino,  v.  Giggle. 
Tittle ;  iota,  minimo  che. 
Titular;  titolare. 
To;  a,  per,  di,  in.     They  went 

—    Rome,    si    recarono    in 

Roma. 

Toad ;  rospo,  botta. 
Toadflax ;  linaiola,  cembalaria, 

scotonello. 
Toadstool;  fungo. 
Toady;    i.  parassita.     2.  lisci- 

are,  leccare  gli  stivali  a. 
Toadyism;  piaggeria. 
Toast;    i.    fetta  di  pane  roso- 

lata,  crostino  ;   Buttered  — , 

pane  abbrustolito  con  burro. 

i.  brindisi.     3.  abbrustolire. 

4.  fare  un  brindisi  a. 
Toast  and  water;   acqua  pa- 

nata. 
Toasting-fork ;   specie  di  tri- 

dente  per  reggere  una  fetta 

presso  il  fuoco. 
Toast-master ;    direttore    dei 

brindisi. 

Toast-rack ;  porta-crostini. 
Tobacco ;  tabacco.     —  pouch, 

borsa  da  tabacco.     —  shop, 

bottega  d'  un  tabaccaio. 
Tobacconist;  tabaccaio. 
Toboggan;   scivolare  in  islitta 

gift  per  una  scesa  coperta  di 

neve. 
Toby ;  boccale  a  foggia  di  vec- 

chietto  con  tricorno. 
Toco;  (gergo)  punizione. 
Tocsin ;   Sound  the  — ,  sonare 

a  martello. 

To-day ;  oggi,  quest'  oggi. 
Toddle;  trotterellare. 
Toddy ;  bevanda  spiritosa. 
To-do;  affare.     Make  a  great 

,  far  gran  commozione. 

Toe ;    i.    dito ;    Big    — ,   dito 

grosso.     2.  punta.     3.  —  the 

line,  stare  al  dovere.  4.  From 

top  to  — ,  da  capo  a  piedi. 
Toe-cap  ;    spunterbo,   masche- 

rina. 

Toggery ;  panni,  fronzoli. 
Toggle ;  coccinello. 
Toil ;    r.   trappola.     2.   lavoro. 

3.    lavorare. 
Toiler ;  lavorante. 
Toilet ;  1'  abbigliarsi. 
Toilet-cover ;  tela  da  toeletta. 
Toilet-glass  ;  specchio  da  toe- 
letta. 

Toilet-table;  toeletta. 
Toilsome ;  faticoso. 
Token ;     segno,    contrassegno, 

marea. 
Toler-able,  -ance,  -ant,  -ate; 

toller-abile,  -anza,  -ante,  -are. 
Toleration ;  tolleranza. 
Toll ;    i .    diritto,   imposta,  ga- 

bella,  pedaggio.      2.  suonare 

a  rintocchi. 
Toll-bar,    -gate ;    barriera   di 

pedaggio. 

Toll-bridge;  ponte  a  pedaggio. 
Toll-collector;  chi  riscuote  il 

pedaggio. 
Tolling ;  rintocco. 


TOMAHAWK— TRAIN 


CXXl 


Tomahawk;  specie  di  accetta 
usata  dagli  indigeni  del- 
1"  America  del  Nord. 

Tomato;  porno  <!' oro.  Maca- 
roni with  — es,  maccheroni 
alia  napoletana. 

Tomb ;  tomlia. 

Tomboy ;  ragazzaccia. 

Tom-cat;  gatto. 

Tome ;  torao. 

Tom-fool;  minchione,  balor- 
do. 

Tomfoolery ;  buffonate. 

Tommy  Atkins;  soldato  sem- 
plice. 

Tom-noddy;  grullo. 

To-morrow  jdomani.  — morn- 
ing, domattina.  —  evening, 
domani  sera.  Day  after  — , 
dopodomani. 

Ton ;  tonnellata. 

Tone;  i.  tono.  2.  —  down, 
raddolcire. 

Tongs;  molle. 

Tongue;  i.  lingua.  2.  lingu- 
etta.  3.  ardiglione.  4.  fa- 
vella.  5.  battaglio. 

Tongue-tied ;  che  non  puo 
parlar  bene. 

Tonic;  id. 

To-night ;  stanotte. 

Tonnage ;  tonnellaggio,  staz- 
zo. 

Tonsil ;  tonsilla. 

Tonsure ;  id. 

Tontine ;  id. 

Too;  i.  troppo.  2.  anche, 
pure,  altresl,  parimente,  an- 
cora,  eziandio. 

Tool;  i.  arnese,  ordigno.  2. 
lancia  spezzata.  3.  — s, 
ferri. 

Tool-basket ;  sporta  per  or- 
digni. 

Tool-box  ;  scatola  degli  uten- 
sili. 

Tool-house;  tettoia  per  gli 
utensili. 

Tool-maker ;  fabbricante  di 
utensili. 

Toot ;  suono  d'  un  corno. 

Tooth  ;  dente.  — ache,  mal  di 
denti. 

Tooth-brush ;  spazzolino  da 
denti. 

Toothing ;  addentellato. 

Toothless;  sdentato. 

Toothpick;  stuzzicadenti,  stec- 
chino  da  denti. 

Tooth-powder;  polvere  per  i 
denti. 

Toothsome ;  ghiottone. 

Toothwort;  bruciafava. 

Top  ;  r.  parte  superiore,  parte 
piu  alta,  cima,  colmo,  comi- 
gnolo,  sonimo,  sommita  ;  On 
the  —  of  the  (loor,  al  sommo 
della  porta.  i.  cocuzzolo. 
3.  coperchio,  parete  superi- 
ore (di  una  caldaia).  4.  il 
di  sopra ;  The  —  of  this 
table  has  a  large  crack  in  it, 
il  di  sopra  di  questa  tavola 
ha  una  grande  fessura.  }. 
capo  superiore  (tavola  da 
pranzo,  o  biliardo).  6.  bac- 
chetta  (di  una  canna  da 
pesca).  7.  rivolta  (degli  sti- 
vali  a  rivolta).  H.  coffa.  9. 
trottola,  paleo.  10.  altezza 

H. 


(della  inarea).  n.  massimo, 
sommo.  12.  sovrastare,  do- 
minare,  sorpassare.  13.  (mar.) 
cicognare,  imbroncare.  14. 
svettare  (alberi). 

15.  At  the  —  of,  (a)  primo 
di.  Be  at  the  —  of  the  tree, 
primeggiare,  (6)  al  capo 
di,  (r)  a  tutta  forza  di ;  He 
was  running  at  the  very  — 
of  his  speed,  correva  con 
tutta  la  sua  forza.  1 6.  From 

—  to   bottom,  dall'  alto   in 
basso.      17.    On  the  —  of, 
su,  sopra  ;    He  was  on   the 

—  of  his  game,  era  ne'  suoi 
pieni  mezzi ;  I  fell  down  and 
he  came  on  the  —  of  me,  io 
caddi  ed  egli  cadde  sopra  di 
me. 

Topaz ;  topazio. 
Top-boots ;  stivali  a  rivolta. 
Top-coat ;  soprabito. 
Top-dressing;    letto   di   con- 

cime. 
Tope  ;  i.  galeo  cane,  lamia.    2. 

tumulo  buddista. 
Toper;  beone. 
Topgallant ;  di  velaccio. 
Top-hamper;  attrezzatura  in- 

gombrante. 
Topheavy;    troppo  pesante  al 

di  sopra,  sopraccarico  dalla 

parte  superiore. 
Topic;  soggetto. 
Topical;  locale. 
Topknot ;  ciuffo  di  penne,  fioc- 

co  di  nastri. 
Toplining;  batticoffa. 
•Topman ;  gabbiere. 
Topmast ;  albero  di  gabbia. 
Topmost ;     sommo,     v.    Top 

(15)- 

Topography ;  id. 

Topping ;  (gergo)  primario. 

Topple  over ;  capitombolare, 
cadere  per  esser  troppo  pe- 
sante dalla  parte  superiore. 
— down,  cascare  sfasciandosi, 
sprofondare. 

Topsail ;  gabbia. 

Topsy-turvy ;  sottosopra. 

Toque ;  tocco. 

Tor ;  montagna,  picco. 

Torch  ;  torcia,  fiaccola. 

Torch-bearer;  portafiaccola. 

Toreador;  id. 

Torment;  i.  id. ,  travaglio. 
2.  tormentare,  affliggere. 

Tormentil;  id. 

Tornado ;  uragano,  remolino. 

Torpedo ;  torpedine,  siluro  se- 
movente. 

Torpedo-boat ;  torpediniera. 

Torpedo-destroyer ;  caccia- 
torpediniere. 

Torpid;  id. 

Torrent;  id. 

Torrid;  id. 

Torsion;  id.,  torcitura. 

Torso  y  id. 

Tort;  danno. 

Torticollis ;  torcicollo. 

Tortoise ;  tartaruga,  testug- 
gine. 

Tortoise-shell;  tartaruga. 

Tortuous;  id. 

Torture;  id. 

Torus;  toro. 

Tory;  tori. 


Toss ;  i.  scossa,  movimento 
petulante  della  testa.  2. 
lanciare,  gettare  (in  aria). 

3.  agitarsi  (mare) ;  Tempest 
— ed,  battuto  dalla  tempesta. 

4.  —  off,  here  ad  un  sorso. 
S-    —  up,  (a)  gettar  su,  (b) 
decidere  una  questione,  gio- 
candola  a  testa  e  croce,  (c)  — 

—  for,  decidere  il   possesso 
d'  una  cosa  in  un  niodo  si- 
mile,   (d)   It  is  a  -    — ,   e 
affatto  incerto,  e  puro  caso. 

Total;  id. 

Totter;  barcollare. 

Touch ;  i.  tatto,  tocco.  2. 
tratto  (di  pennello).  3.  tin- 
tura.  4.  leggero  atlacco. 

5.  toccare.    6.  commuovere, 
interessare.      7.    —   up,    (a) 
dare  una  frustatina  a,  (b)  ri- 
toccare,  correggere,  riacciai- 
are.    8.  Be  —  and  go,  correr 
gran  rischio,  esser  vicinissima 
una  sventura. 

Touching;     i.     commovente. 

2.  quanto  a,  riguardo. 
Touch-me-not ;    erba    impa- 

ziente. 

Touchwood ;  esca. 
Touchy;  suscettibile. 
Tough;  i.  duro,  coriaceo,  sal- 

cigno,  tiglioso.     2.  scabroso. 

3.  To   be   — ,   aver   consis- 
tenza. 

Toughen ;  indurire,  far  tenace, 

far  robusto. 
Toulon;  Tolone. 
Toulouse;  Tolosa. 
Touraine;  Turena. 
Tournament ;  torneo. 
Tourniquet ;  tornichetta. 
Tout ;   i .  commesso  viaggiatore 

di  agente  di  cambio.     2.  spi- 

one    riguardo    i   cavalli    da 

corsa.     3.  cercare  clienti  per 

mezzi  non  troppo  belli. 
To w  ;     i .    stoppa,    stoppaccio. 

2.  rimorchiare. 
Towards;   i.  verso,  alia  volta 

di.     (When   followed   by   a 

pronoun,  verso  di ;  Towards 

me,  verso  di  me.)     2.  a  fine 

di. 
Towel ;     tovaglia,    asciugama- 

no. 
Towel-horse  ;    buttala  per  a- 

sciugamani. 
Tower ;    i.    torre.     2.    torreg- 

giare. 

Towering ;  grandissimo. 
Towing-path ;      banchina    di 

rimorchio,     restara,     stracla 

d'  alaggio. 
Tow-line ;  alzaia. 
Town ;   citta,   borgo,    borgata. 

Fortified    — ,    piazza    forte. 

—  council,  consiglio  munici- 
pale.      — •    hall,    municipio, 
palazzo  municipale. 

Township ;   citti  in  un  paese 

novo. 

Townspeople ;  i  cittadini. 
Toxic;  tossico. 
Toy;  i.  giocattolo.     2.  gioco- 

lare  ;     -  -    with    (breakfast), 

mangiucchiare     senz'    appe- 

tito. 
Toyshop;    magazzino  di  gio- 

cattoli. 


Trace;  i.  traccia.  ^.  tirella. 
3.  tracciare.  4.  —  a  river 
to  its  source,  rimontare  un 
fiume  fino  alia  sua  sorgente; 
—  a  story  to,  scoprire  che  la 
storia  rimontava  a ;  The  ori- 
gin of  the  fire  was  — d  to, 
si  scoprl  che  1'  origine  dell"  in- 
cendio  era ;  The  thief  could 
not  be  — d,  non  si  riusci  a 
scoprire  un'  orma  del  ladro. 

5.  —  out,  delineare,  far  ve- 
dere,  scoprire,  metier  all'  a- 
perto. 

Tracery;  reticolato. 

Trachea;  id. ,  asperarteria. 

Tracing;  calco,  tracciato. 

Tracing-paper;  carta  da  calco. 

Track;  i.  traccia,  pedata,  ve- 
stigio,  orma,  carreggiata,  ro- 
taia,  solco  (di  nave),  pesta, 
segno,  marca.  2.  binario. 
3.  rotta.  4.  sentiero.  5. 
seguitare  all'  orma,  tracciare. 

6.  v.  Trace  (4).     7.  To  fol- 
low  the   beaten   — ,   andare 
per  la  carreggiata. 

Trackless ;  senza  strada. 

Tract;  i.  tratto,  regione.  2. 
opnscoletto. 

Tractable ;  trattabile,  docile, 
manevole. 

Traction;  trazione.  — engine, 
locomobile. 

Trade;  i.  commercio;  Home, 
Foreign  — ,  commercio  in- 
terno,  coll'  estero  ;  Shipping 
— ,  commercio  marittimo ; 
Slave  — ,  tratta  del  negri ; 
Smuggling  — ,  commercio  di 
contrabbando  ;  State  of  — , 
stato  degli  affari.  2.  Atlan- 
tic — ,  navigazione  dell'  At- 
lantico ;  Black-sea  — ,  navi- 
gazione del  mar  nero;  China 
— ,  navigazione  nei  mari  del- 
la  Cina  ;  Coasting  — ,  cabo- 
taggio.  3.  mestiere.  4.  i 
negozianti,  specialmente  di 
liquori.  5.  far  affari  (in). 
6.  —  between,  navigare 
tra  ...  e  .... 

Trade-mark ;  marca  di  fab- 
brica. 

Trader;  i.  negoziante.  2.  ba- 
stimento  mercantile. 

Trade-union ;  societa  operaia. 

Trade -wind  ;  vento  aliseo. 

Tradition ;  id. 

Traduce ;  calunniare. 

Traffic;  i.  traffic-o.    2.  -are. 

Tragacanth ;  gomma  dragante. 

Trag-edy,  -ic;  id. 

Trail;  i.  pesta,  orma,  traccia. 
2.  strascicare. 

Train;  i.  seguito,  corteggio; 
Bring  in  its  — ,  esser  seguito 
da.  2.  strascico.  3.  treno ; 
Down  — ,  treno  di  andata ; 
Excursion  — ,  treno  di  pia- 
cere ;  Express  — ,  treno  di- 
retto  ;  Goods  — ,  treno  mer- 
ci;  Mail  — ,  treno  postale; 
Stopping  — ,  treno  omnibus ; 
Up  — ,  treno  di  ritorno.  4. 
traccia  (di  polvere). 

5.  istruire,  ammaestrare. 
6.  allenare  (cavallo  da  cor- 
sa). 7.  Dar  brandeggio  a 
(cannone). 


CXX11 


TRAINER— TROWEL 


Trainer ;  allenatore,  trainer. 

Training;  i.  allenamento;  In 
— ,  chi  si  allena.  2.  —  col- 
lege, scuola  normale  prima- 
ria ;  —  ship,  nave  scuola. 

Train-oil;  olio  di  balena. 

Traipes;  v.  Trapes. 

Trait;  caratteristica.  It  was 
a  fine  —  in  his  character, 
era  un  bel  lato  del  suo  carat  - 
tere. 

Traitor;  traditore. 

Trajectory;  traiettoria. 

Tram ;  tranvai,  tram. 

Tram-car;  vettura  del  tram. 

Trammel;  i.  intoppo,  ostacolo. 
2.  imbarazzare,  inceppare. 

Tramp;  i.  vagabondo,  mendi- 
cante.  2.  vagabondare,  cor- 
rere  (il  paese,  le  strade). 

Trample;  calpestare. 

Tram-service ;  servizio  dei 
trams. 

Trance;  estasi,  catalessia. 

Tranquil,  -lise;  id. 

Transact ;  negoziare,  fare,  trat- 
tare. 

Transaction ;  aflare,  fatto,  ne- 
goziazione. 

Trans-alpine,  -atlantic,  etc.; 
id. 

Transcend ;  trascendere. 

Transcribe ;  trascrivere. 

Transdanubian ;  trasdanubia- 
no. 

Transept ;  transetto. 

Transfer ;  i .  trapasso,  trasferi- 
mento  ;  —  deed,  atto  di  tra- 
passo. i.  cedere,  trasferire, 
trasportare,  traslocare. 

Transferee ;  cessionario. 

Transfigure ;  trasfigurare. 

Transfix ;  trafiggere. 

Transform ;  trasformare. 

Transfusion ;  trasfusione. 

Transgress ;  trasgredire. 

Tranship ;  trasbordare. 

Transient ;  passeggero,  fugace. 

Transit;  transito. 

Transit-ion,  -ive ;  id. 

Translate;  i.  traduire,  trasla- 
tare.  2.  trasferire,  traslocare 
(vescovo). 

Translation ;  traduzione. 

Transliteration ;  traslitera- 
zione. 

Translucent;  diafano. 

Transmarine ;  trasmarino. 

Transmigrate ;  trasmigrare. 

Transmit ;  trasmettere. 

Transmogrify;  sfigurare,  tra- 
vestire. 

Transmute ;  trasmutare. 

Transoceanic ;  id. 

Transom;  i.  barrad' arcaccia, 
gaisone,  dragante ;  —  beam, 
traversone.  2.  calastrello 
(d'  un  aflfusto) ;  Breast  — , 
calastrello  di  testa,  di  volata; 
Middle  — ,  calastrello  di  mi- 
ra ;  Trail  — ,  calastrello  di 
coda.  3.  —  (of  a  window), 
traversa. 

Transparent ;  trasparente. 

Transpire;  traspirare. 

Transplant ;  trapiantare. 

Transport;  i.  trasporto ;  — 
ship,  nave  di  trasporto,  nave 
oneraria.  3.  accesso  (di  co- 
lera),  fuiia.  3.  trasportare. 


Transportation;  deportazione. 
Transpose;  trasporre. 
Transubstantiation ;  id. 
Transude ;  trasudare. 
Transverse;  trasverso. 
Trap ;  i.  trappola,  trabocchetto. 

2.  valvola   (di   una   fogna). 

3.  carrozzetta.     4.  — s,  effet- 
ti,  roba.      5.    prender  nelle 
trappole.    6.  ingannare;  Set 
— s  for,  tendere  insidie  a;  Be 
— ped,  cader  nelle  insidie. 

Trap-door;  botola. 
Trapes;  girovagare. 
Trapeze;  trapezio. 
Trapper;  cacciatore  di  profes- 

sione  in  Nord-america. 
Trappings;  finimenti. 
Trap-rock;  trappo. 
Trash ;  robaccia,  scarto. 
Trashy ;    di   rifiuto,   di    nulla, 

senza  valore. 
Traumatic ;  id. 
Travail;  i.  doglie.  2.  lavo- 

ro. 
Travel;     i.     viaggiare ;     — s, 

v'agg'  i  —  over,  percorrere. 

2.  propagarsi. 
Traveller;  viaggi-atore,  -ante. 

Commercial    — ,    commesso 

viaggiatore. 

Traveller's-joy ;  vitalba. 
Traverse;    i.    traversare.      2. 

contraddire. 
Travesty;  i.  travestimento.   2. 

travestire. 

Trawl ;  rete  a  strascico,  draga. 
Trawler;    battello    die    pesca 

colla  draga. 
Tray;  vassoio. 

Treacherous ;  perfido,  sleale. 
Treachery;  tradimento,  slealta. 
Treacle ;  melassa. 
Tread;  i.  passo.    2.  pedata  (di 

scalino).     3.  metier  il  piede. 

4.  pigiare  (uva).    5.  — down, 
calpestare,    pestare,    schiac- 
ciare.     6.   —  softly,  cammi- 
nare  pian  piano. 

Treadle;   i.  pedale.     2.  calco- 

la. 
Tread-mill;   mola  di  discipli- 

na. 
Treason ;    tradimento.      High 

— ,  delitto  di  lesa  maesta. 
Treasonable  ;  reo  di  lesa  mae- 
sta. 
Treasure;    i.   tesoro.     2.  con- 

servare  come  un  tesoro,  far 

tesoro  di. 

Treasurer;  tesoriere. 
Treasury;   i.  erario.     2.  dica- 

stero  delle  finanze  in  Inghil- 

terra ;     —    bill,    bono    del 

tesoro. 
Treat;   i.  cosa  squisita,  regalo, 

piacere  straordinario.  2.  trat- 

tare.     3.   discorrere.     4.  far 

festa,  dare  a  bere.     5.  curare, 

medicare. 

Treatise;  trattato. 
Treatment;  i.  trattamento.  2. 

cura,  medicamento. 
Treaty;   i.   irattato.     2.   Be  in 
-   for,    far    delle   trattative 

per. 
Treble  ;    i.  triplicato,   triplice. 

2.  soprano,  acuto.     3.  tripli- 

care. 
Trebly;  triplicemente. 


Tree ;  albero.  Be  at  the  top 
of  the  — ,  essere  in  prinia 
fda,  essersi  acquistato  un'  alta 
posizione  nella  propria  pro- 
fessione. 

Tree-creeper  ;  rampichino  al- 
pestre. 

Tree-frog;  granocchiella. 

Tree -heath  ;  scopa  arborea. 

Tree-sparrow ;  passera  mattu- 
gia. 

Trefoil;  tiifoglio. 

Trellis;  i.  graticolato,  pergola. 
2.  ingraticolare. 

Tremble;  tremolare. 

Tremendous ;  tremendo. 

Tremor;  tremore. 

Tremulous;  tremolo. 

Trench;  i.  fossa,  fosso.  2. 
(mil.)  trincea.  3.  diveltare. 

Trenchant ;  tagliente. 

Trencher  ;  tagliere.  —  cap, 
tocco  universitario. 

Trenching ;  scasso  andante. 

Trend ;  direzione,  tendenza. 

Trepan,  Trephine;  trapanarc. 

Trepidation ;  id. 

Trespass;  t.  entrarenell'altrui 
proprieta;  —  upon  a  person's 
time,  abusare  del  tempo  di 
qualcheduno.  2.  peccare. 

Trespasser ;  chi  va  in  una 
bandita.  — s  will  be  prose- 
cuted, divieto  d'  entrare. 

Tress;  treccia. 

Trestle;  cavalletto. 

Triable  ;  soggetto  alia  giurisdi- 
zione. 

Triad;  triade. 

Trial;  i.  saggio,  prova,  esperi- 
mento.  2.  tentative.  3.  cosa 
difficile  a  sopportare ;  — a, 
sofferenze,  traversie.  4.  pro- 
cesso. 

Triangle ;  triangolo. 

Tribe;  tribu. 

Tribulation  ;  tribolazione. 

Tribun-e,  -al;  id. 

Tributary;  id. 

Tribute  ;  tribute. 

Trice ;  In  a  — ,  subito,  dal 
vedere  al  non  vedere. 

Trick;  i.  tiro,  burla,  malizia, 
malizietta,  furberia,  rigiro, 
gherminella.  2.  abitudine, 
ticchio,  vizio.  3.  data,  plico 
(alle  carte).  4.  ingannare, 
burlare,  gabbare.  5.  —  out, 
rinfronzolare. 

Trickery ;  furberia. 

Trickle;  gocciolare.  A  tear — d 
down  her  cheek,  una  lagrima 
le  gocciolo  giu  per  la  gota. 

Trickster;  rigiralore,  baro. 

Tricky  ;  ingannatore. 

Tricolour;  id. 

Tricycle ;  triciclo. 

Trident ;  id. 

Triennial ;  triennale. 

Trifle;  i.  bagattella.  2.  zuppa 
inglese.  3.  frivoleggiare,  ba- 
loccarsi,  trastullarsi.  4.  — 
with,  farsi  beffe  di. 

Trifler ;  tentennone,  gingillone. 

Trigger;  giilletto. 

Trigger-guard ;  guanlamac- 
chia. 

Triglyph;  triglifo. 

Trigonometry ;  id. 

Trill;   i.   trillo.     2.  trillare. 


Trim;    i.    netto,   hello,   Undo, 

ben  messo.    2.  stato  di  asset- 

tamento.      3.    assettare,   ag- 

giustare,  allestire.    4.  esitare 

tra  due  partiti,  temporeggiare. 

5.   —   a   boat,  drizzare   una 

lancia. 
Trimmer;    i.    chi   si  governa 

secondo  i  tempi,  Don  girella 

politico.     2.    sughero  messo 

a  galla  con  lenza  e  amo  per 

prender  i  lucci. 
Trimming;    i.    v.   Trim.     2. 

guarnimento,   nastro,   passa- 

manteria. 
Trimmings;    i.   contorni.     2. 

potatura. 
Trinity;  id. 
Trinket ;  gioiello. 
Trip;     i.     gita,     viaggio.       2. 

saltellare.       3.     inciampare, 

sdrucciolare.     4.  —  up,  dare 

il  gambetto  a,  far  inciampare. 

5.  Catch  — P'"g>  cogliere  in 

fallo. 
Tripe  ;  trippa  di  bue.   —  seller, 

trippaio.    —  shop,  tripperia. 
Triple;  v.  Treble  (i). 
Tripod ;  treppiede. 
Tripper;  escursionisla. 
Tripping;  leggero  (passo). 
Trite;  id.,  comunc,  ripetuto  a 

sazieta. 
Triton  ;  id. 
Triturate  ;  triturare. 
Triumph;  i.  trionf-o.     2.  -are. 
Triumvir ;  triumviro. 
Trivet;  treppiede, sostegno  amo- 

viliile  per  un  bricco. 
Trivial;  di  poca  importanza,  da 

nulla. 

Trocar;  trocarre. 
Trochee;  tiocheo. 
Troglodyte ;  id. 
Troll;    i.  gnomo.     2.    pescare 

con  esca  girante. 
Trollop ;  sudiciona. 
Trolly ;  carretto,  carro  matto. 
Trombone  ;  id. 
Troop;   i.  truppa.   2.  affollarsi. 
Trooper  ;  soldato  di  cavalleria. 
Trope;  tropo. 
Trophy;  trofeo. 
Tropical ;  tropic-o,  -ale. 
Trot;   i.  trotto;  Full  — ,  gran 

trotto ;  Jog  — ,  piccolo  trotto. 

2.  trottare. 
Troth;  fede. 
Trotter ;  trottatore.  — s,  pe- 

ducci. 

Trotting-race ;  corsa  al  trotto. 
Trouble;    i.    pena,    afflizione, 

travaglio,  impaccio.     2.    in- 

quietare,  molestare,  spiacere, 

incomodare,    dare   disturbo; 

May  1  —  you  for  ?  mi  favo- 

risca  ? 
Troublesome ;  noioso,  penoso, 

importuno,  seccante. 
Troublous ;  agitato,  torbido. 
Trough ;    trogolo.      Kneading 

— ,  madia.    —  of  the  waves, 

avvallamento. 
Trounce;  malmenare. 
Trousers ;  calzoni  lunghi. 
Trousseau ;  corredo  di  sposa. 
Trout;  trota. 
Trow;  credere. 
Trowel;    i.  mestola,  cazzuola. 

2.  trapiantatoio,  spiantatore. 


TROY— TWICE 


cxxni 


Troy  (weight);  tornese. 
Truant ;    chi    sala    la    scuola, 

manca  al  proprio  posto. 
Truce;  tregua. 

Truck;  i.  carretta,  vagone  di 
merci.  2.  carromatto.  3. 
baratto,  cambio. 

Truckle  ;  abbassarsi  per  second! 
lini,  umiliarsi. 

Truckle-bed;  giaciglio,  lettuc- 
cio;  propriamente,  letto  die 
si  puo  spingere  al  disotto 
d'  un  altro. 

Truculent;  trucolento. 

Trudge ;  camminare  a  piedi. 

True;  i.  vero.  ^,  leale.  3. 
confonne.  4.  to  —  (billiard 
balls),  rincentrare. 

True-hearted ;  sincero,  franco. 

Truelover's-knot;  nodo  qua- 
lunque  che  e  molto  ritorto. 

Truffle  ;  tartufo. 

Truism  ;  verita  evidente  per  se 
stessa. 

Trull ;  sgualdrina. 

Truly ;  veramente. 

Trump;  i.  trionfo.  2.  persona 
di  gran  valore,  amico  va- 
lentissimo.  3.  giocar  trionfo. 
4.  —  up,  inventare. 

Trumpery ;  di  poco  valore. 

Trumpet;  i.  tromba.  2.  Ear 
— ,  cornetto  acustico.  3. 
pubblicare  a  suon  di  tromba. 
4.  strotn bazzare,  strombet- 
tare. 

Trumpeter;  trombettiere. 

Trumpet-flower;  tromba  del 
giudizio. 

Truncate;  troncare. 

Truncheon ;  bastone,  mazza. 

Trundle ;  ruzzolare. 

Trunk;  i.  baule.  2.  probo- 
scide.  3.  tronco,  fusto,  pe- 
dale.  4.  —  line,  linea  prin- 
cipale.  5.  —  call,  comuni- 
cazione  intercomunale. 

Trunk-maker ;  baulaio. 

Trunnion ;  orecchione. 

Truss;    i.   fascio,  fastello.     2. 
cinto  erniario.     3.  travatura 
(del   tetto).     4.    legare ;   - 
up,  succingere  (vestimenti). 

Trust;  i.  fiducia,  pede,  confi- 
denza.  2.  fidecommesso.  3. 
fidarsi  di,  aver  fiducia  in.  4. 
far  credito  a.  5.  incaricare 
di.  6.  sperare ;  I  —  it  may 
not  rain,  e  da  sperare  che  non 
piova. 

Trustee ;  fidecommissario,  tu- 
tore,  curatore  (di  fallimento) 
definitive. 

Trusteeship ;  uffizio  di  fide- 
commissario, curatela,  tutela. 

Trustiness ;  probita,  lealta. 

Trustworthy  ;  degno  di  confi- 
denza,  esatto,  sicuro,  da  fidar- 
sene. 

Trusty;  fidele. 

Truth ;  verita,  vero. 

Truthful ;  verace,  sincero,  in- 
genuo. 

Try;  i.  tentativo.  i.  tentare, 
intraprendere,  cercare.  3. 
provare,  fare  il  saggio  di.  4. 
processare.  5.  stancare  (oc- 
chi);  That  illness  tried  him  se- 
verely, quella  malattia  fu  una 
dura  prova  per  la  sua  forza. 


Try  for  ;  cercare  di  ottenere, 
concorrere  a  (borsa). 

Trying;  di  prova,  critico,  diffi- 
cile, penoso. 

Try  on;  i.  tentativo  senza  spe- 
ranza  di  riuscita.  2.  provare 
(abito). 

Tryst ;  convegno. 

Tub;  i.  tino,  tinozza,  conca. 
2.  for  plants,  cassa.  3. 
bagno. 

Tube ;  tubo. 

Tuber;  tubero. 

Tubercle ;  tubercolo. 

Tuberose ;  tuberosa  dei  giar- 
dini. 

Tubular;  tubolare. 

Tuck;  i.  basta,  sessitura.  i, 
(gergo)  cibo,  pasticci.  3.  fic- 
care,  spingere  (sgualcendo). 
4.  —  up,  (a)  tirar  su,  (b)  rin- 
calzare  il  letto  (d'  un  bam- 
bino, dopo  averlo  coricato). 

Tucker ;  gola  aggiunta  al  col- 
lare  d'  una  veste. 

Tuesday;  martedl. 

Tufa;  tufo. 

Tuff ;  tufo  vulcanico. 

Tuft;  i.  ciufietto,  fiocco.  i. 
ciuffo.  3.  —  of  feathers, 
mazzo  di  piume.  4.  nappina 
(del  cliepi). 

Tufted ;  crestato.  —  duck, 
moretta. 

Tug;  i.  tratta,  tirata.  2.  ri- 
morchiatore.  3.  tirar  forte. 

4.  —  of  war,  lotta  alia  corda. 
Tuition ;  istruzione. 

Tulip ;  tulipano. 

Tulle;  tulle. 

Tumble;    i.  cascata,  capitom- 

bolo.      2.    rotolare,   cascare, 

rovinare. 
Tumbledown ;    crollante,    ca- 

duco. 
Tumble-dung  beetle;   scara- 

faggio. 
Tumbler;    i.    saltatore,  balle- 

rino.      2.    saltimbanco.      3. 

vetro,    bicchiere.      4.    pezzo 

d'  una  toppa  che  impedisce 

alia  stanghetta   di   moversi. 

5.  parte  del  meccanismo  d'  un 
fucile,  noce. 

Tumblerful ;  quantita  contenu- 
ta  in  un  bicchiere. 

Tumbril ;  carretta,  forgone, 
carrettone. 

Tumid,  Tumour;  id. 

Tumult;  id. 

Tumulus;  tumulo. 

Tun;  botte. 

Tune;  i.  aria.  2.  In,  Out  of 
— ,  in  accordo,  fuori  d'  ac- 
cordo ;  Get  out  of  — ,  scor- 
darsi ;  Sing  in  — ,  out  of  — , 
cantar  giusto  o  intonate,  fal- 
so  o  stonato. 

Tuneful;  melodioso. 

Tuner;  accordatore. 

Tunic;  tunica. 

Tuning-fork ;  corista. 

Tunnel;  i.  galleria,  traforo. 
2.  far  una  galleria.  3.  — ing, 
traforo. 

Tunny;  tonno. 

Tup ;  montone. 

Turban  ;  turbante. 

Turbid ;  torbido. 

Turbine;  turbina. 


Turbot ;  rombo. 

Turbulent ;  turbolento. 

Turd ;  merdo. 

Tureen ;  zuppiera. 

Turf;  i.  erba,  tappeto  verde. 
2.  Be  on  the  — ,  far  correre 
cavalli  da  corsa. 

Turf-cutter;  tagliazolle. 

Turgid;  id. ,  gonfio. 

Turk ;  turco. 

Turkey;  tacchino. 

Turkey  oak ;  cerro. 

Turk's  cap  lily ;  giglio  marta- 
gone. 

Turk's  head ;  turbante. 

Turmeric ;  curcuma. 

Turmoil;  scompiglio,  tumulto. 

Turn;  i.  giro,  voltata,  svolta; 
(Done)  to  a  — ,  (cotto)  a  per- 
fezione.  2.  passeggiata.  3. 
vicenda,  cambiamento;  Take 
— s,  Do  by  — s,  fare  a  vicen- 
da. 4.  gusto,  inclinazione. 
5.  forma,  tigura,  aria.  6. 
servizio  ;  —  of  duty,  torno 
di  servizio.  7.  It  is  my  — , 
e  a  me,  tocca  a  me. 

8.  girare,  rivoltare.  9.  tor- 
niare,  tornire.  10.  inacetirsi, 
guastarsi.  11.  tradurre.  12. 
far  girare,  sconvolgere  (il 
cervello).  13.  far  voltare. 

14.  far  pender  (la  bilancia). 

15.  To  have  —  ed  forty,  aver 
passato  i  quaranta.     16.  di- 
ventare.    17.  —  to  the  right, 
prender  alia  dritta. 

Turn  about ;  volgere  e  rivol- 
gere. 

Turn  aside;  t.  stornare.  2. 
deviare. 

Turn  away ;  i .  stornare,  svi- 
are.  2.  congedare,  cacciare, 
dar  lo  sfratto,  licenziare.  3. 
non  lasciar  entrare.  4.  vol- 
gersi  altrove. 

Turn  back;  i.  far  ritornare. 
2.  tornaie  indietro. 

Turndown;  i.  rovesciare;  — 
—  (page  of  a  book),  ripiegare, 
rivoltare.  2.  rigettaie  (pro- 
posta).  3.  rovesciare  (col- 
late). 4.  prendere  (via). 

Turn  in;  i.  coricarsi.  2.  ri- 
piegare, fare  un  orlo  a. 

Turn  into;  i.  cambiarsi  in. 

2. ridicule,  metter  in 

ridicolo.  3.  convertire  in. 

Turn  off;  i.  v.  Turn  away. 
2.  diramare  (strada),  lasciar 
la  strada.  3.  intercettare  (va- 
pore,  acqua),  non  lasciar  piu 
venire. 

Turn  on ;  far  correre  (acqua). 

Turnout;  i.  metter  alia  porta. 
i.  riuscire  (bene,  male).  3. 
metter  (cavallo)  al  pascolo, 
metter  (bestiame)  nei  campi, 
metter  in  liberta.  4.  metter 
(soldati)  nei  ranghi.  5.  la- 
sciare  il  lavoro,  scioperare. 
6.  metter  fuori,  produrre 
(merci).  7.  levarsi  (dal  let- 
to).  8.  v.  Turn-out. 

Turnover;  i.  voltare  (pagina); 
a  new  leaf,  voltar  pa- 
gina. 2.  rovesciare.  3.  ca- 
povolgersi  ri'jaltare.  4.  They 
-  their  capital  several 
times  in  the  course  of  the 


year,  fanno  vendite  che  am- 

montano  al  totale  loro  capi- 

tale  parecchie  volte  nelP  an- 
no.    5.  v.  Turn  over. 
Turn  round;  voltare. 
Turn  to;    i.    nvolgursi  a.     2. 

mettersi  a  lavorare. 
Turn  up;    i.    presentarsi,    so- 

pravvenire.     2.    mostrare  la 

iaccia  di,  metter  in  evidenza. 

3.  rimboccare. 
Turn  upon;    i.    rivoltarsi  per 

assalire  (di  bestia  imbizzita). 

2.  dipendere  da. 
Turn-coat;  voltacasacca. 
Turner;  tornitore. 
Turnery ;  articoli  da  tornitore. 
Turning-point;    punto  critico 

(d1  un  dibattimento),   punto 

di  cambiamento  (d'  una  guer- 

ra). 
Turnip;    i.  rapa  coltivata.     2. 

sc/ierz.   per  grosso  orologio, 

cipolla. 

Turnip-cutter  J  trinciaradici. 
Turnip-fly ;    altica  delle   rape 

(specie  di  galeruco). 
Turnip-tops ;  foglie  di  rapa. 
Turnkey ;     sottocarceriere    se- 

condino. 
Turn-out;  equipaggio,  attacco 

(insieme   di   carrozza    e    ca- 
valli). 
Turn-over;   i.  circolazione  di 

fondi,  v.  Turn  over  (4).     2. 

dolce  ripieno. 
Turnpike ;    barriera  di  pedag- 

gio. 
Turnspit ;  cane  o  ragazzo,  che 

gira  lo  spiedo. 
Turnstile ;  arganello. 
Turnstone ;  voltapietre. 
Turntable ;      piattaforme     gi- 

rante. 

Turn-up  card ;  carta  voltata. 
Turpentine ;  trementina.  Chi- 

an  —  tree,  terebinto. 
Turpitude ;  turpitudine. 
Turquoise ;  turchese. 
Turret ;    torretta,   torre  di  va- 

scello  di  guerra. 
Turtle ;    tartaruga,    testuggine 

(di  mare).    Snapping  — ,  tri- 

onice.      Turn    — ,    capovol- 

gersi. 

Turtledove;  tortora. 
Tuscan;  toscano. 
Tush ;  scaglione. 
Tusk;  zanna. 
Tussle ;  lotta,  zuffa. 
Tussock;  ciuffo. 
Tutelage;  tutela. 
Tutelary;  tutelare. 
Tutor;   i.   precettore,  maestro, 

professore,  ripetitore.    2.  in- 

segnare. 

Tutsan ;  tuttasana. 
Twaddle ;    sciocchezze,    stupi- 

daggine. 
Twain;  due. 
Twang;     i.     accento    nasale. 

2.  far  risonare. 
Tweak;  pizzicare. 
Tweezers ;  pinzettine. 
Twelfth ;  dodicesimo. 
Twelfth-night ;  epifania. 
Twelve ;  dodici. 
Twentieth  ;  ventesimo. 
Twenty;  venli. 
Twice ;  due  volte. 

Q2 


CXX1V 


TWIDDLE— UNCTION 


Twiddle ;  far  girare. 

Twig ;  vermena,  ramoscello. 

Twilight ;  crepuscolo. 

Twilled ;  (stoffa)  spigata. 

Twin;  gemello. 

Twine;    i.   filo,  spago.     2.  at- 

torcigliarsi,  allacciare,  intrec- 

ciare. 

Twinge;  spasimo,  fitta. 
Twinkle ;    scintillare,    ammic- 

care. 


Twirl ;   girare,   far  girare,  pril- 

lare. 
Twist ;      i.      cordoncino,     filo 

ritorto.      2.  torcere,  attorci- 

gliare,      avvolgere,       intrec- 

ciarc. 

Twit ;  rimbrottare. 
Twitch;  i.  scossa,  pizzico,  ti- 

rata,  spasimo.   2.  tirare  brus- 

camente,  carpire,  far  saltare 

(dalla  mano). 


Twitter;     i.    cinguettio.       2. 

cinguettare. 
Two ;  due. 
Twofold ;  doppio. 
Two-headed ;  a  due  teste. 
Tycoon ;  taicun. 
Type;   i.  tipo.     2.  carattere. 
Typewriter;  macchina  dattilo- 

grafica. 

Typhoid ;  tifoicle. 
Typhoon ;  tifone. 


Typify ;     ligurare,     rappresen- 

lare. 

Typist ;  dattilografo. 
Tyrannical ;  tirannicn. 
Tyrannise    over ;    tiranneggi- 

are. 

Tyrant;  tiranno. 
Tyre ;  cerchione,  gomtna. 
Tyro ;  novi/.io,  principiante. 
Tzar,  Czar;  Xar. 


u 


Ubiquitous;  che  si  trova  dap- 

pertutto. 

Udder;  maminella. 
Ugly;  brutto. 
Uhlan;  ulano. 
Ulcer;  ulcera. 
Ullage ;    calo  del  vino  in  una 

botte. 
Ulna;  id. 
Ulster;  ulster. 
Ulterior;  id. 
Ultimate ;  ultimo. 
Ultimo  ;  scorso. 
Ultramarine ;  oltramarino. 
Ultramontane ;  id. 
Umbel;  ombella. 
Umber ;  terra  d'  ombra. 
Umbrage;   Take  — ,  esser  of- 

feso. 

Umbrageous;  ombroso. 
Umbrella;  ombrello. 
Umbrella-case;    i.   fodera  di 

ombrello.    2.  porta-ombrelli. 
Umpire;     i.    arbitro.      2.    fat 

1'  arbitro. 

Unabashed ;  senza  vergogna. 
Unabated ;  non  scemato. 
Unable ;  incapace.  . 

Unabridged;  intero. 
Unaccented ;  senza  accenti. 
Unacceptable ;  imiccettabile. 
Unaccepted ;  non  accettato. 
Unacclimatised ;     non    accli- 

mato. 
Unaccommodating;  pococor- 

tese. 
Unaccompanied;  senza  com- 

pagno. 

Unaccomplished;  incompiuto. 
Unaccountable ;  inesplicabile. 
Unaccustomed;  pocoabituato. 
Unachieved ;  non  finite. 
Unacknowledged;    senza    ri- 

sposta,  non  riconosciuto. 
Unacquainted ;   poco  versato 

(in),  ignaro  (di). 
Unadorned ;  senza  ornamenti. 
Unadulterated;  puro. 
Unaffected;    i.   non  affettato. 

2.  naturale,  sincero.    3.  senza 

affettazione. 
Unaided;  senza  aiuto. 
Unallayed ;  non  alleggerito. 
Unalloyed;  puro,  senza  lega. 
Unalterable ;  inalterable. 
Unambiguous;  schietto. 
Unambitious;  senza  ambizione. 
Unamenable;  incorreggibile. 
Unamiable;  poco  amabile. 
Unanimous ;  unanime. 
Unanswerable  ;  senza  risposta 

possibile. 
Unappeasable ;  implacabile. 


Unappreciated ;  poco  apprez- 
zato. 

Unapproachable;  inabborda- 
bile. 

Unappropriated ;  non  appro- 
priate. 

Unarmed ;  inerme. 

Unascertainable;  impossibile 
a  scoprire. 

Unasked  ;  senza  invito. 

Unaspiring ;  poco  ambizioso. 

Unassailable;  incontestabile. 

Unassuming;  modesto. 

Unattached;  studente  di  Ox- 
ford o  Cambridge  che  non  si 
e  associato  a  nessun  collegio. 

Unattainable ;  che  non  si  puo 
ottenere. 

Unattempted ;  intentato. 

Unattended ;  senza  seguito. 

Unattested ;  non  attestato. 

Unattractive;  poco  attraente. 

Unauthorised;  non autorizzato. 

Unavailable  ;  indisponibile. 

Unavailing;  inutile. 

Unavoidable ;  inevitabile. 

Unavowable ;  non  confessabile. 

Unaware;  insciente. 

Unawares ;  all'  improvvista. 

Unbaked;  non  cotto. 

Unbalanced;  non  equilibrato. 

Unbaptised;  non  battezzato. 

Unbar;  sbarrare. 

Unbearable;  insopportabile. 

Unbeaten  ;  non  vinto. 

Unbecoming;  disdicevole,  po- 
co convenevole. 

Unbelief;  incredulita,  scetti- 
cismo. 

Unbeliever;  miscredente,  in- 
credulo,  infidele. 

Unbend;  i.  disintugliare,  dis- 
ormeggiare,  sciogliere.  2. 
addolcirsi. 

Unbending ;  austero,  rigido. 

Unbeneficed;  senza  benefizio. 

Unbiassed;  senza  prevenzioni. 

Unbidden ;  senza  invito. 

Unbind  ;  sciogliere,  slegare. 

Unblemished  ;  senza  taccia. 

Unblest ;  maledetto. 

Unblushing;  sfacciato. 

Unbolt ;  sbarrare,  levare  il  pa- 
letto  o  il  catenaccio. 

Unborn ;  non  nato. 

Unbosom  oneself;  sfogarsi, 
aprirsi,  dire  il  segreto. 

Unbought ;  non  comprato. 

Unbound;  i.  sciolto,  slegato. 
2.  libero. 

Unbounded ;  smisurato. 

Unbreakable ;  non  rompibile. 

Unbribed;  incorrotto. 


Unbridled ;  sfrenato. 
Unbroken;  i.  non  domato. 

2.  non  rotto,  senza  rottura. 

3.  non  interrotto. 
Unbrotherly;  poco  fratellevole. 
Unbuckle ;  sfibbiare. 
Unbuilt ;  non  costruilo. 
Unburden  oneself  to  ;  aprirsi 

con. 

Unburied ;  insepolto. 
Unburnt;  non  cotto. 
Unbusinesslike ;  poco  serio, 

senza  metodo,  poco  pratico. 
Unbutton;  sbottonare. 
Uncage ;     metier    in     liberta, 

lasciar  uscire  dalla  gabbia. 
Uncalled   for;    non   richiesto, 

fuor    di    proposito,   fuor   di 

posto. 
Unc  an  celled  ;    sempre   valido, 

non  annullato. 
Uncandid;  insincere. 
Uncanny ;  che  sa  di  stregoneria, 

strano. 

Uncared  for  ;  negletto. 
Uncarpeted;  senza  tappeto. 
Uncaught ;  non  preso. 
Unceasing ;  incessante. 
Unceremoniously ;  alia  buona. 
Uncertain;  incerto. 
Unchain ;  scatenare. 
Unchallenged;  senzaquestione. 
Unchangeable ;  immutabile. 
Unchanging;  costante. 
Uncharged ;  non  caricato. 
Uncharitable ;    poco  caritate- 

vole. 

Unchaste  ;  non  casto. 
Unchecked ;  senza  freno. 
Unchequered;  intatto  e  intero. 
Unchivalrous;    poco   cavalle- 

resco. 

Unchristian ;  poco  cristiano. 
Uncial;  onciale,  cubitale. 
Uncircumcised ;  incirconciso. 
Uncivil ;  scortese. 
Uncivilised ;  barbaro. 
Unclad;  nudo. 
Unclaimed ;  non  reclarnato. 
Unclasp;  slacciare. 
Uncle;  zio. 
Unclean ;  immondo. 
Uncleanly;  sudicio,  sporco. 
Unclerical ;  poco  clericale. 
Unclothe  ;  spogliare. 
Unclouded;  senza  nu vole. 
Uncock;  disarmare. 
Uncoil ;    svolgerc.     The  snake 

— ed    itself,    il    serpentc    si 

svolse. 

Uncoined;  non  monetato. 
Uncollected;  non  percetto. 
Uncoloured;  non  colorito. 


Uncomfortable;  inquieto,  clis- 

agiato,  sgradevole,  poco  co- 

modo,  non  confortabile. 
Uncommitted  ;  libero,  non  im- 

pegnato. 

Uncommon;  poco  coniune. 
Uncommonly;  assai. 
Uncommunicative ;   poco  co- 

municativo. 
Uncomplaining ;      senza     la- 

gnarsi. 
Uncomplimentary;   poco  lu- 

singhiero. 
Uncompromising;  fermo, che 

non  acconsente. 
Unconcealed ;      aperto,     evi- 

dente. 

Unconcern  ;  noncuranza. 
Unconcerned ;  noncurante. 
Unconditional;   senza   condi- 

zione. 
Uncongenial ;    incompatible, 

antipatico. 

Unconnected;  sconnesso. 
Unconquerable ;  indomabile. 
Unconquered;  indomito. 
Unconscientious;    poco  con- 

scienzioso. 
Unconscionable ;      irragione- 

vole,  esorbitante. 
Unconscious ;    inconscio,    in- 
sensible. 

Unconsciously;  senza  saperlo. 
Unconsciousness;  svenimen- 

to. 

Unconsoled;  inconsolato. 
Unconstitutional ;     incostitu- 

zionale. 
Uncontaminated ;  incontami- 

nato. 

Uncontested  ;  incontrastato. 
Uncontrollable ;    che    non    si 

puo  raffrenare. 
Uncontrolled ;     senza    limite, 

libero. 

Uncontroverted  ;   incontrasta- 
to. 

Unconvinced ;  non  convinto. 
Unconvincing;  pocosoddisfa- 

cente. 
Uncooked;  crudo,  che  non  e 

cotto. 

Uncord;  disfare  la  corda. 
Uncouple ;    disgiungere,  stac- 

care. 
Uncouth  ;    bizzarro,    strambo, 

goffo,  barocco. 

Uncover;  scoprire,  denudare. 
Uncritical ;   indisposto  a  criti- 

care. 

Uncrown ;  scoronare. 
Uncrowned ;  senza  corona. 
Unction ;  unzione. 


UNCTUOUS— UNEXPRESSED 


cxxv 


Unctuous;  untuoso. 
Uncurl;   spiegare,  disfare  (ric- 

cioli). 

Undated;  senza  data. 
Undaunted ;  imperterrito. 
Undeceive;  disingannare. 
Undecided ;  indeciso,  dubbio, 

irresolute. 

Undecipherable;  indecifrabile. 
Undecked;  aperlo,  senza ponte. 
Undeclinable;  indeclinabile. 
Undefended ;    senza   difesa,   o 

difensore. 

Undented;  senza  taccia. 
Undemonstrative ;    poco   di- 

mostrativo. 

Undeniable ;  innegabile. 
Under;    i.   sotto.     i.    —  ten 

days,  in  menodi  dieci  giorni. 

3.    —   God,    coll'    aiuto    di 

Dio.      4.    per  virtu  di.      5. 

The    —    side,    la    parte    di 

sotto. 
Underbid ;  fare  offerta  piii  bassa 

di,  offrire  a  prezzo  piu  basso. 
Underbred ;  malcreato. 
Under-butler;    sottomaggior- 

domo. 
Undercharge ;  chiedere  troppo 

poco. 
Undercliff ;      parte      inferiore 

d'  una  costa  dirupata. 
Underclothing  ;        biancheria 

(personate),  vestiario  di  sotto. 
Undercook;  sottocuoco. 
Undercrust ;  crosta  di  disotto. 
Undercurrent;      i.     corrente 

sottomarina.      2.    —   of  se- 
riousness, fondo  di  serieta. 
Undercut;  filetto. 
Underdone  ;    non    ablastanza 

cotto. 
Underestimate  ;  stimare  al  di 

sotto   del    giusto.      He   — d 

the  force  of  the  current,  non 

crede     che    la    forza    della 

corrente    fosse    quella     che 

veramente  era. 
Underfeed;  nondarabbastanza 

da  mangiare. 
Under-gardener;  sottogiardi- 

niere. 
Under-garment ;     vestimento 

di  sotto. 

Undergo;  subire,  patire. 
Under-governess ;       sottogo- 

vernante. 
Under-governor ;    vice-gover- 

natore. 

Undergraduate ;  studente. 
Underground ;  sotterraneo. 
Undergrown  ;  che  non  e  cre- 

sciuto  come  si  deve. 
Undergrowth  ;  cio  che  cresce 

sotto  gli  alberi  d'  un  bosco, 

macchia,  arboscelli  fitti. 
Underhand ;    clandestino,   na- 

lo,   dissimulato. 
Under-housemaid ;  donna  di 

faccende. 
Under-insured  ;   assicurato  al 

disotto  del  valore. 
Underkeeper;  sottoguardacac- 

cia. 

Underlay;  alzo. 
Under-lease ;  suliaffitto. 
Under-lessee ;  subaffittuario. 
Underlet ;  subaffittare. 
Under-librarian ;  vicebibliote- 


Underlie  ;  esser  sottoposto  a. 
The  problem  of  religion  is 
one  which  — s  the  whole 
Eastern  question,  il  proble- 
nia  della  religione  e  una  cosa 
che  si  trova  nel  fondo  a  tulta 
la  questione  orientale. 

Underline;  sottolineare. 

Underlinen  ;  pannilini  di  sot- 
to. 

Underling;  subalterno. 

Underlying ;  subgiacente. 

Undermanned;  scarso  d' equi- 
paggio,  con  equipaggio  ri- 
dotto. 

Undermasted;  coll' alberatura 
bassa. 

Under-master  ;  sottomaestro. 

Under-mattress;  saccone. 

Undermentioned  ;  sottomen- 
zionato. 

Undermine ;  sottominare. 

Undermost ;  piu  basso. 

Underneath  ;  sotto,  al  di  sotto, 
al  di  sotto  di.  From  — ,  da 
di  sotto  di. 

Under-nurse;  sottobambinaia. 

Under-officer;  subalterno. 

Underpay ;  pagare  insufficente- 
mente,  male. 

Underpeopled ;  poco  abitato. 

Underpetticoat ;  sottana  di 
disotto. 

Underpin ;  rimpellare. 

Underpinning;  ripresa. 

Under-porter ;  sottoportinaio. 

Underrate ;  v.  Undervalue. 

Underscore;  sottolineare. 

Under-secretary ;  sottosegre- 
tario. 

Undersell ;  vender  men  caro 
di. 

Under-servant;  servitore  bas- 
so. 

Under-sheriff;  sottosceriffo. 

Undershot  wheel ;  ruota  mos- 
sa  dall'  acqua  disotto. 

Underside ;  disotto. 

Undersigned;  sottoscritto. 

Undersized  ;  di  statura  troppo 
bassa. 

Underskirt ;  sottana  di  sot- 
to. 

Understand;  i.  capire,  inten- 
dere,  comprendere.  2.  in- 
tendersi  di.  3.  sottintendere. 
4.  aver  nozione,  esser  infor- 
mato. 

Understanding;  i.  intelligen- 
za,  comprensiva,  intelletto. 
2.  accordo. 

Understate ;  dir  meno  del  vero. 
He  — d  his  income,  dichiaro 
le  sue  entrate  con  una  cifra 
al  disotto  della  vera. 

Under-steward ;  sottointen- 
dente. 

Understock ;  provvedere  ecc. 
insufficentemente,  v.  Stock 
(to). 

Understrapper ;  subalterno, 
assistente  inferiore,  piccolo 
agente,  gentaccia. 

Understudy;  attoresupplente. 

Undertake ;  intraprendere,  ini- 
pegnarsi,  ingerirsi,  farsi  re- 
sponsabile  di. 

Undertaker;  intraprenditore di 
pompe  funebri. 

Undertaking;  impresa. 


Undertone  ;  In  an  — ,  a  bassa 
voce. 

Undervalue  ;  non  apprez/are  il 
valore  di.  He  considered 
that  his  services  had  been 
— d,  gli  parve  che  i  suoi  ser- 
vigi  non  fossero  stati  abba- 
stanza  apprezzati. 

Undervest;  camiciola. 

Underwing;  catocala. 

Underwood;  arboscelli. 

Underwrite;  sottoscrivere,  per 
via  preliminare,  un  emissione 
di  fondi,  impegnandosi  di 
prender  una  parte  determi- 
nata  del  totale  nel  caso  che 
non  venga  preso  dal  pub- 
blico. 

Underwriter;  i.  v.  Under- 
write. 2.  assicuratore  ma- 
rittimo. 

Undescribed;  non  descritto. 

Undeserved;  immeritato. 

Undeserving ;  senza  merito. 

Undesigned ;  involontario. 

Undesirable ;  poco  desidera- 
bile. 

Undetected;  inosservato,  non 
scoperto. 

Undetermined  ;  irresoluto. 

Undeveloped;  non  abbastanza 
sviluppato. 

Undigested;  indigesto. 

Undignified;  poco  dignitoso. 

Undiminished ;  non  diminui- 
to. 

Undimmed ;  non  offuscato. 

Undiplomatic ;  poco  diploma- 
tico. 

Undiscerning;  poco  giudizio- 
so. 

Undischarged;  i.  non  scari- 
cato.  2.  non  saldato  (de- 
bito).  3.  —  bankrupt,  fal- 
lito  non  riabilitato. 

Undisciplined  ;  indisciplinato. 

Undisclosed ;  tenuto  segreto. 

Undiscoverable ;  introvabile. 

Undiscovered;  non  scoperto. 

Undiscriminating;  che  non 
distingue. 

Undiscussed ;  indiscusso. 

Undisguised ;  non  masche- 
rato. 

Undismayed ;  non  sgomen- 
tato. 

Undisposed  of;  non  vendu- 
to. 

Undisputed;  incontrastato. 

Undistinguished ;  non  rino- 
mato. 

Undistinguishing ;  senza  di- 
scernimento. 

Undisturbed  ;  senza  essere  di- 
sturbato. 

Undivided ;  indivi.su. 

Undivulged;  non  divulgato. 

Undo;  i.  disfare,  sciogliere, 
svolgere.  2.  annullare,  ro- 
vinare,  mandare  in  rovina. 
3.  Leave  undone,  tralasciare 
di  fare. 

Undoing;  rovina. 

Undoubted ;  indubitato,  cer- 
to. 

Undoubting ;  senza  sospetto. 

Undraw;  tirare  per  aprire. 

Undrawn  ;  •  non  disegnato. 
2.  non  sguainato. 

Undreamedof;  mai  sognato. 


Undress;   i.  abito  di  camera. 

2.  —  uniform,  piccola  divisa, 

divisa  di  servizio.     3.   spo- 

gliare. 
Undressed;     i.    senza    vesti- 

menti.     2.   crudo,  grezzo. 
Undue ;  indebito,  ingiusto. 
Undulate  ;  ondeggiare. 
Undulating  ;  ondulatorio. 
Unduly;  indebitamente. 
Undutiful ;  poco  ubbidiente. 
Undyed ;  non  tinto. 
Undying ;  imperituro. 
Unearned  ;  immeritato. 
Unearth ;  dissotterrare. 
Unearthly;     i.    da    demonio. 

2.  An  —  beauty,  una  bellezza 

non  terrena. 
Uneasiness;  inquietudine,  dis- 

agio,  scomodo,  pena. 
Uneasy;  disagiato,  incomodo, 

penso,  travaglialo,  inquieto. 
Uneatable ;  immangiabile. 
Uneconomical ;    poco   econo- 

mico. 

Unedifying;  poco  edificante. 
Uneducated;  senza istruzione. 
Unembarrassed;  non  imbaraz- 

zato. 
Unemployed ;       disoccupato, 

senza  lavoro. 
Unenclosed;  aperto,  non  an- 

cora  recinto. 
Unencumbered ;  non  gravato 

d'  ipoteca. 
Unending ;    sterminato,   senza 

fine. 

Unendorsed;  non  indossato. 
Unendowed  ;  senza  dote,  sen- 

z'  entrate. 

Unendurable ;  insopportabile. 
Unenfranchised ;  senza  voto. 
Un-English ;  indegno  d'  un 

Inglese. 
Unenlightened ;    non    illumi- 

nato. 
Unentailed  ;  libero  da  sostitu- 

zione. 
Unenterprising;    poco  intra- 

prendente. 
Unenviable ;    da   non    invidi- 

arsi. 

Unequal ;  ineguale. 
Unequalled ;      incomparable, 

senza  uguale. 
Unequivocal ;  chiaro. 
Unerring;  infallibile. 
Unessential ;  non  essenziale. 
Uneven  ;  ineguale,  scabro  dis- 

uguale. 
Uneventful ;    senza  incident!, 

tranquillo. 
Unexampled ;  inaudito,  senza 

esempio. 
Unexceptionable ;      ineccepi- 

bile,   su    cui    non    c'   e    da 

ridire,  irreprensibile. 
Unexecuted  ;  inesiguito. 
Unexercised ;  non  tsercitato. 
Unexhausted ;  inesausto. 
Unexpanded ;  non  isbocciato. 
Unexpected ;  inatteso. 
Unexpended;  non ancora sbor- 

sato. 
Unexpired ;    non  ancora  sca- 

duto. 

Unexplained ;  non  spiegato. 
Unexplored  ;  inesplorato. 
Unexpressed ;    mm    espresso, 
sottinteso. 


CXXV1 


UNFADING— UN  MELTED 


Unfading  ;  sempre  florido,  che 

non  avvizzisce. 
Unfailing  ;    immancabile,   ine- 

saurihile. 
Unfair  ;  ingiusto,  sleale,  frodo- 

lento,  disonesto. 
Unfaithful ;  pertido,  infidele. 
Unfaltering;  senza  esitazione, 

non  titul)ante. 

Unfamiliar  ;  poco  familiare. 
Unfamiliarity ;    mancanza    di 

familiarita. 

Unfarrowed ;  senza  piccoli. 
Unfashionable  ;    fuor  di   mo- 
da. 
Unfasten  ;   sciogliere,   slegare, 

disserrare,  sfibbiare. 
Unfatherly ;    poco   da  padre, 

poco  paterno. 
Unfathomable;  impenetrable, 

senza  fondo,  che  non  si  puo 

scandagliare. 
Unfavourable ;       sfavorevole, 

contrario. 

Unfed;  senza  cibo. 
Unfeeling;  insensibile,  crudele, 

duro. 

Unfeigned;  sincero. 
Unfelt ;  non  sentito. 
Unfenced ;  senza  chiusura. 
Unfermented;  non  lievito,  non 

fermentato. 
Unfettered ;    illimitato,    plena 

(discrezione). 

Unfigured  ;  non  figurato. 
Unfilial;   poco  filiale,  poco  da 

figlio. 

Unfilled;  inoccupato. 
Unfiltered;  non  filtrato. 
Unfinished ;  incompiuto. 
Unfit;      i.     disadatto,    inetto, 

sconvenevole ;    Be    — ,    non 

convenire.      2.     disadattare, 

render  incapace  o  inabile. 
Unfitness;  disadattaggine,  in- 

ettitudine. 

Unfitting ;  disdicevole. 
Unfix  ;  staccare,  togliere  (baio- 

netta). 
Unfixed ;      staccato,      sciolto. 

Come  — ,  staccarsi. 
Unflagging ;  inslancabile. 
Unfledged ;  senza  piume. 
Unflinching;  risoluto, che  non 

si  lascia  rinculare. 
Unfold;  spiegare,  sciorinare. 
Unfordable;  inguadabile. 
Unforeseen ;  impreveduto. 
Unforgettable ;      indimentica- 

bile. 

Unforgiving ;  poco  placabile. 
Unforgotten;  non  dimenticato. 
Unformed;  informe. 
Unfortified ;  non  fortificato. 
Unfortunate ;   infelice,  sfortu- 

nato. 

Unfought ;  non  combattuto. 
Unfounded;  infondato. 
Unframed ;  senza  cornice. 
Unfrequented ;  poco  praticato. 
Unfriendly;  poco  amichevole. 
Unfrock;  sfratare. 
Unfrozen ;  non  gelato. 
Unfruitful;  infruttifero,  infrut- 

tuoso. 

Unfulfilled ;  non  adempito. 
Unfunded ;  non  consolidato. 
Unfurl;  mollare,  spiegare. 
Unfurnished;    non  ammobili- 

ato. 


Ungainliness  ;    atteggiamento 

goffo. 
Ungainly ;    sguaiato,   dinocco- 

lato. 

Ungallant;  scortese. 
Ungenerous;  meschino,  poco 

generoso. 
Ungenial;   freddo,  poco  geni- 

ale. 

Ungenteel ;  rozzo,  incivile. 
Ungentle ;    duro,   brusco,   ru- 

vido. 
Ungentlemanly;   poco  signo- 

rile,  poco  da  gentiluomo. 
Ungilt;  sensa  doratura. 
Unglazed  ;   i.  senza  vetri.     2. 

non  invetriato,  grezzo. 
Ungloved ;  senza  guanto. 
Unglue ;      togliere     la     colla. 

Come     — d,     sciogliersi     la 

colla. 
Ungodly ;    poco   devoto,    pro- 

fano,  empio. 
Ungovernable ;  infrenabile,  in- 

governabile. 
Ungraceful ;    svenevole,    sgra- 

ziato. 
Ungracious;  mal  garbato,  sma- 

nierato. 
Ungrammatical ;    sgrammati- 

cato. 

Ungrateful ;  ingrato. 
Ungrounded;  v.  Groundless. 
Ungrudging ;    dato   di    buon 

cuore,  di  buon  grado. 
Ungrudgingly;    molto   volen- 

tieri. 
Unguarded;    i.   senza  difesa. 

i.    sconsiderato. 
Unguent;  id. 
Unguessable ;    non  indovina- 

bile. 

Unguided;  senza  guida. 
Unhallowed  ;  empio,  profano, 

tutt'  altro  che  santo. 
Unhampered ;    non    imbaraz- 

zato. 
Unhand  ;   lasciar  andare,  levar 

la  mano  da. 
Unhandiness ;       inettitudine, 

goffaggine. 

Unhandsome ;  poco  civile. 
Unhandy ;  poco  destro,  malac- 

corto. 

Unhappy;  infelice. 
Unharmed  ;   illeso,  niente  of- 

feso,  indenne. 
Unharness ;  staccare. 
Unhatched ;    non    nato,    non 

uscito  dall'  ovo. 
Unhealthy ;  malsano. 
Unheard;   non  udito.     —  of, 

inaudito. 
Unheeded;  messo  in  non  cale, 

tenuto  in  nessun  conto. 
Unheeding ;  senza  dar  retta  a. 
Unhesitating;  senza  esitazione. 
Unhewn ;    non   tagliato,   gre/- 

zo. 
Unhindered;   senza  esser  im- 

pedito. 
Unhinge;  sgangherare,  togliere 

dai  cardini. 
Unhinged;   His  mind  became 

— >  g'i  g'ro  "  cervello. 
Unholy;  empio. 
Unhonoured ;  inonorato. 
Unhook ;     spiccare,     staccare, 

slacciare,  sfibbiare. 
Unhoped  for ;  insperato. 


Unhorse;  scavalcare,  levare  da 

sella. 

Unhurt ;  illeso,  salvo. 
Unicorn  ;  liocorno. 
Uniform ;     i.    divisa,    tenuta ; 

In    full   — ,   in  gran    tenuta. 

2.    uniforme. 
Unify;  unificare. 
Unilateral ;  id. 
Unimaginable ;     inimmagina- 

bile. 
Unimpaired  ;   intero,  in  pieno 

vigore. 
Unimpassioned ;    senza    pas- 

sione. 
Unimpeachable ;      irreprensi- 

bile,  su  cui   non  c'  e  da  ri- 

dire. 
Unimportant  ;     senza    impor- 

tanza. 
Unimproved  ;    non    coltivato, 

sempre  nello  stato  naturale. 
Unincumbered;  v.  Unencum- 
bered. 

Uninfluenced;  noninfluenzato. 
Uninfluential;  senza  influenza. 
Uninformed  ;  ignorante. 
Uninhabitable;  inabitabile. 
Uninhabited ;     (of    a    house) 

disabitato,     (of    an     island) 

inabitato. 

Uninitiated  ;  non  iniziato. 
Uninjured  ;  illeso,  incolume. 
Uninjurious ;  innocuo. 
Uninquisitive ;  poco  curioso. 
Uninspired;  non  ispirato. 
Uninstructed;  senza  istruzione. 
Uninsured ;  non  assicurato. 
Unintellectual ;  poco  intellet- 

tuale. 
Unintelligent ;     poco    intelli- 

gente. 

Unintelligible  ;   inintelligibile. 
Unintended,  Unintentional; 

non   intenzionato,   senza   in- 

tenzione,  non  fatto  a  posta. 
Uninterested ;    disinteressato, 

senza  interesse,  indiflerente. 
Unintermitting;  senza  cessare, 

incessante. 
Uninterrupted ;  senza  interru- 

zione. 

Uninvested ;  disponibile. 
Uninvited ;  non  invitato. 
Uninviting  ;  poco  appetitoso. 
Union;    i.   id.     i.    riunione  di 

parecchi  comuni   per  1'  am- 

ministrazione  della  legge  sui 

poveri.     3.   asilo  degli  indi- 

genti.     4.    collegamento  (di 

tnbi). 
Union  Jack ;    la  bandiera  in- 

glese. 

Unique;  solo,  unico. 
Unison;  In  — ,  all'  unisono. 
Unit ;  imita. 
Unitarian ;  unitario. 
Unite;     i.    unire,    accoppiare, 

collegare,    congiungere.       i. 

adunarsi. 

Unity;  unita,  concordia. 
Univalve ;  univalvo. 
Universe;  universo. 
University;  id. 
Unjust ;  ingiusto. 
Unjustifiable ;   ingiustificabile. 
Unkempt ;    non   pettinato,   ru- 

vido. 

Unkennel ;  far  uscire  dalla  tana. 
Unkept;  non  osservato. 


Unkind;    crudele,  non  amore- 

vole,  poco  gentile. 
Unkingly;  indegno  d'  un  re. 
Unknightly;  poco  cavalleresco. 
Unknit ;  disfare. 
Unknowable ;   che  non  si  puo 

sapere. 

Unknowing;  ignaro. 
Unknowingly ;     inconsapevol- 

mente. 
Unlaboured ;    naturale,   spon- 

taneo. 

Unlace ;  slacciare. 
Unladen  ;  senza  carico. 
Unladylike ;    indegno    d'    una 

signora. 

Unlamented  ;  non  compianto. 
Unlawful ;    illegale,  contro   la 

legge. 

Unlearn ;  disimparare. 
Unlearned ;  ignorante. 
Unleavened ;  senza  lievito. 
Unless  ;  a  meno  che,  fuor  che, 

eccetto  che,  se  non. 
Unlet;  non  affittato. 
Unlicensed;    non  autorizzato, 

senza  permesso. 
Unlicked  cub ;  ragazzo  sgar- 

bato. 
Unlighted;     i.     senza    lume. 

i.  non  acceso. 
Unlike ;  dissimile. 
Unlikelihood ;  poca  probabili- 

ta. 
Unlikely ;   poco  probabile,  in- 

verisimile. 

Unlikeness  ;  poca  similarita. 
Unlimber ;  —  a  gun,  staccare 

1"  avantreno. 
Unlimited;  illimitato. 
Unliquidated ;  non  liquidate. 
Unlistening ;    che  non  fa   at- 

tenzionc. 

Unload  ;  scaricare. 
Unlock;  disserrare,  aprire. 
Unlocked  for;  inaspettato. 
Unloose ;   scatenare,  v.  Loose 

(7)- 

Unloved  ;  amato  da  nessuno. 

Unlovely;  poco  attraente,  brut- 
to. 

Unloving;  che  non  ama. 

Unlucky;  i.  sfortunato.  i.  si- 
nistro  (presagio),  malaugu- 
rato. 

Unmaidenly;  indegno  d'  una 
giovane  modesta. 

Unmake;  disfare. 

Unman ;  privare  di  forza,  dei 
sensi,  o  di  coraggio,  abbat- 
tere. 

Unmanageable;  non  maneg- 
giabile. 

Unmanly;  indegno  d'  un  uomo. 

Unmannerly ;  malcreato. 

Unmanufactured;  crudo.greg- 
gio. 

Unmarked;  non  marcato. 

Unmarketable ;  invendibile. 

Unmarried;  non  maritato,  sea- 
polo. 

Unmask ;  smascherare. 

Unmatched ;  senza  pari. 

Unmeaning;  senza  significato. 

Unmeasured;  smisurato. 

Unmeet;  v.  Unfit. 

Unmelodious ;  senza  melo- 
dia. 

Unmelted ;  non  fuso,  non  sci- 
olto, non  liquefatto. 


UNMENTIONABLE— UNSTITCH 


CXXVll 


Unmentionable;  di  cui  non  si 

parla.     — s,  calzoni. 
Unmentioned ;    senza   menzi- 

one. 
Unmerciful ;    senza  misericor- 

dia,  spietato. 

Unmerited ;  immeritato. 
Unmethodical ;  senza  metodo. 
Unmilitary ;  poco  militare. 
Unminded ;  v.  Unheeded. 
Unmindful;  senza  ricordarsi. 
Unmingled ;  puro. 
Unmissed;   di   cui   1'   assenza 

non  si  fa  osservare. 
Unmistakable;    da   non   sba- 

gliarsi,  chiarissimo. 
Unmitigated;  in  nessun  modo 

mitigate. 
Unmixed;    t.   non  mescolato. 

2.    (soddisfazione)  completa. 
Unmoor ;  disormeggiare. 
Unmortgaged ;    non    ipoteca- 

to. 
Unmotherly;  poco  da  madre, 

poco  materno. 
Unmounted;    i.  in  piedi.     2. 

senza  incorniciatura. 
Unmourned ;  v.   Unlamented. 
Unmoved;    i.    immobile,     2. 

impassibile,  non  commosso. 
Unmusical ;    poco   amante   di 

musica. 

Unmutilated;  non  mutilato. 
Unmuzzle ;    togliere   la  muse- 

ruola. 

Unnail;  schiodare. 
Unnamed;  innominato. 
Unnatural;  snaturato. 
Unnavigable;  innavigabile. 
Unnecessary,       Unneeded  ; 

non  necessario. 
Unneighbourly ;  poco  gentile, 

vicino  poco  amichevole. 
Unnerve;  togliere  la  forza,  in- 

debolire,  spossare. 
Unnoticed;  inosservato. 
Unnumbered;  non  numerato. 
Unobjectionable ;     sul    quale 

non  c'  e  nulla  da  ridire. 
Unobserved;  inosservato. 
Unobtrusive ;     modesto,    che 

non    si   spinge   innanzi   fuor 

di  proposito. 
Unoccupied ;    i.    libero.      i. 

disoccupato. 

Unoffending;  inoffensive. 
Unofficial;  non  ufficiale. 
Unopened ;    non   aperto,    non 

dissuggellato. 

Unopposed;  senza opposizione. 
Unorganised ;   non  organizza- 

to. 

Unorthodox;  poco  ortodosso. 
Unostentatious  ;   senza  fasto, 

senza  boria,  umile. 
Unowned;  senza  pad  rone. 
Unpack;  sballare. 
Unpaid;  non  pagato. 
Unpaired ;  senza  pari,  v.  Pair 

u). 

Unpalatable ;    poco    saporito, 

idtto. 
Unparalleled ;  impareggiabile, 

incomparabile. 
Unpardonable ;      imperdona- 

BOc. 

Unparliamentary;  poco  civile, 

^rossolano,  rude. 
Unpaste;  Come  — d,  scollarsi. 
Unpatriotic ;  poco  patriottico. 


Unpave ;  disselciare.  — d,  sen- 
za selciato,  non  ammatto- 
nato. 

Unperceived;  inosservato. 

Unphilosophical ;  poco  filo- 
sofico. 

Unpin  ;  toglieri  gli  spilli  a. 

Unpitied;  non  compianto. 

Unpitying;  spietato. 

Unplaced ;  non  fra  i  tre  primi 
alle  corse. 

Un  plait ;  disfare. 

Unpleasant ;  spiacevole,  in- 
grato,  sgradito,  sgradevole. 

Unpoetic ;  poco  poetico. 

Unpointed ;  senza  punta. 

Unpolished ;  ruvido,  rozzo, 
non  lustrato,  greggio. 

Unpolled  ;  che  non  ha  votato. 

Unpopular;  impopolare. 

Unpractical;  poco  pratico. 

Unprecedented;  inaudito,  sen- 
za precedente. 

Unprejudiced;  senza  pregiu- 
dizi,  senza  prevenzione. 

Unpremeditated;  impremedi- 
tato. 

Unprepared ;  impreparato. 

Unprepossessing ;  poco  avve- 
nente. 

Unpresentable  ;  poco  presen- 
tabile. 

Unpresuming,  Unpreten- 
tious, Unpretending;  sen- 
za pretenzione. 

Unprincipled ;  senza  principi 
morali. 

Unprocurable;  chenonsipu6 
procurare. 

Unproductive ;  sterile,  non 
produttivo. 

Unprofessional;  indegnod'un 
professionista. 

Unprofitable  ;  inutile,  non  pro- 
fittevole. 

Unpromising ;  poco  promet- 
tente. 

Unpronounceable;  che  non  si 
sa  pronunziare. 

Unpropitious;  poco  propizio. 

Unprotected ;  senza  protezi- 
one. 

Unproved ;  non  dimostrato. 

Unprovided;  sprovvisto. 

Unprovoked ;  non  provocato. 

Unpublished;  inedito. 

Unpunctual ;  poco  puntuale, 
poco  esatto. 

Unpunished;  impunito. 

Unpurchasable ;  che  non  si 
puo  comprare. 

Unqualified;  i.  che  non  ha  le 
qualita  volute.  2.  senza  ri- 
serva,  pieno.  3.  (medico) 
irregolare,  che  non  ha  pas- 
sato  gli  esami  regolari. 

Unquestionable ;  incontesta- 
ble, indubitabile. 

Unquiet ;  inquieto. 

Unravel ;  i.  sfilacciare.  2. 
sbrogliare,  metier  in  luce, 
distrigare  (complotto). 

Unreadable;  illeggibile. 

Unready;  impreparato. 

Unreal ;  non  reale. 

Unreality;  irrealita. 

Unreason ;  irragionevolezza. 

Unreasonable  ;    irragionevole. 

Unreasoning;  che  non  ragi- 
ona. 


Unrecognised ;  sconosciuto. 
Unredeemed ;     non    redento, 

non  riscattato. 

Unredressed;  non  riparato. 
Unreflecting;  irreflessivo. 
Unreformable ;  incorrigible. 
Unrefreshed;  non  rinfrescato. 
Unregenerate ;     non    rigene- 

rato. 
Unregistered;     i.    non    regi- 

strato.     i.  al  portatore. 
Unregretted ;  non  rimpianto. 
Unrelated;    i.   senza  rapporto 

(con).     2.   non  imparentato. 
Unrelenting ;  inesorabile. 
Unreliable;  incerto,  poco  fon- 

dato,  poco  da  fidarsene. 
Unrelieved ;      niente    allegge- 

rito. 

Unremitting;  senza  posa, sen- 
za sosta,  incessante. 
Unremunerative ;  poco  rimu- 

nerativo. 

Unrepining ;  senza  lagnarsi. 
Unreserve  ;    abbandono,  fran- 

chezza. 

Unreserved ;  senza  riserva. 
Unrest ;    agitazione,    inquietu- 

dine. 
Unrestrained,  Unrestricted ; 

senza  restrizione,  senza  freno. 
Unrewarded;  senza  ricompen- 

so. 
Unrighteous ;    ingiusto,    mal- 

vagio. 

Unripe;  verde,  immaturo. 
Unrivalled  ;  senza  pari. 
Unroll ;  spiegare,  sciorinare. 
Unruffled ;  senza  sturbarsi,  non 

incollerito. 

Unruled;  senza  righe. 
Unruly;  sregolato. 
Unsaddle;   i.   levar  la  sella  a, 

togliere  il  basto  a.     2.  buttar 

dalla  sella. 
Unsafe ;  pericoloso,  poco  sicuro, 

rischioso. 

Unsaleable ;  invendibile. 
Unsatisfactoriness ;       natura 

poco  soddisfacente. 
Unsatisfactory,     Unsatisfy- 
ing ;  non  soddisfacente. 
Unsatisfied ;  malcontento. 
Unsavoury ;        stomachevole, 

schifoso. 

Unsay;  disdire. 
Unscathed;  incolume. 
Unschooled ;  non  addottrina- 

to. 

Unscientific  ;  poco  scientifico. 
Unscrew;  svitare. 
Unscriptural ;    contrario    alia 

Scrittura. 

Unscrupulous;  senza  sera  polo. 
Unseal ;  dissuggellare. 
Unseasonable ;    fuori    di   sta- 

gione,   intempestivo,    mal   a 

proposito. 
Unseat;   i.   buttare  dalla  sella. 

2.    dichiarare   di   non    esser 

piii  deputato  (per  irregolarita 

nell'  elezione). 

Unseaworthy;  innavigabile. 
Unseconded ;  non  secondato. 
Unsecured;  senza  guarentigia, 

non  assicurato. 
Unseemly;   disdicevole,  scon- 

venevole. 
Unselfish  ;    clisinteressato,   chi 

pensa  a  altri. 


Unselfishness;  abnegazione di 

se,  altruismo. 
Unserviceable ;       inservibile, 

inadoperabile. 
Unsettle ;  scompigliare,  disor- 

dinare,  render  irrequieto. 
Unsettled;  i.  irrequieto,  disse- 

stato,  disordinato,  poco  certo. 

2.  senza  domicilio.      3.  non 

pagato. 
Unsettlement;  i.irresoluzione. 

i.   annullamento  (di   un  ac- 

cordo). 

Unsettling;  disturbante. 
Unsew;  scucire. 
Unsexed ;    che   ha  perduto  le 

qualita  del  suo  sesso. 
Unshackle;  scatenare,  liberare. 
Unshakable;  incrollabile. 
Unshapely;  deforme. 
Unshaven ;  chi  non  ha  fatto  la 

barba,  senza  far  la  barba, 
Unsheath ;  sguainare. 
Unship;  j.  sbarcare.    2.  smon- 

tare. 

Unshod;  scalzo. 
Unshoe ;  sferrare. 
Unshorn ;  intonso. 
Unshrinkable;  che  non  si  ri- 

stringe,  o  ritira. 
Unshrinking ;    impavido,   im- 

perterrito. 
Unshrunk  ;   (flanella)  che  non 

si  e  ritirata. 

Unsifted ;  non  stacciato. 
Unsightly;  poco  vistoso. 
Unsigned ;  non  firmato. 
Unsilvered ;  non  inargentato. 
Unsinkable ;  non  affondabile. 
Unsisterly;     indegno    d'   una 

sorella. 

Unsized ;  non  incollato. 
Unskilful;  poco  abile,  malac- 

corto,  inesperto. 
Unskimmed ;  non  spannato. 
Unslaked;  viva  (calce). 
Unsleeping  ;  sempre  sveglio. 
Unsociable;  insociabile. 
Unsocial;  insociale. 
Unsold;  invenduto. 
Unsolder;  dissaldare. 
Unsoldierly;  poco  da  soldato. 
Unsolicited ;  non  richiesto. 
Unsophisticated;  i.semplice, 

schietto.     2.   puro. 
Unsorted;  non  assortito. 
Unsought ;   senza  esser  ricer- 

cato. 
Unsound ;    non  sano,  guasto, 

poco  savio,  poco  solido. 
Unsparing;  prodigo,  largo. 
Unspeakable ;  ineffabile. 
Unspent ;    non   sborsato,   non 

consumato. 
Unsportsmanlike;  pocodegno 

d'  uno  sportsman. 
Unspotted;  senza  macchia. 
Unstable ;  poco  stabile. 
Unstained;   i.  non  tinto.     2. 

senza  macchia. 
Unstamped;  senza  francobollo, 

non  bollato. 

Unstarched ;  non  inamidato. 
Unstatesmanlike;  indegno  di 

uomo  di  stato. 
Unsteady;  instabile,  poco  co- 

stante. 
Unstinted;  illimitato,  di  pien 

cuore. 
Unstitch;  scucire. 


CXXV111 


UNSTOP— UXORIOUSNESS 


Unstop ;  sturare. 

Unstring ;  levare  lo  spago,  le 

cordicine,  a. 
Unstudied;  senza apparenza di 

sforzo,  non  artificioso. 
Unsubstantial ;    poco   sostan- 

ziale. 

Unsuccessful;  sfortunato, sen- 
za   successo,    che     non     ha 

riuscito. 

Unsuitable  ;  disaclatto. 
Unsullied ;  immacolato. 
Unsupported ;  non  sostenuto. 
Unsurpassed ;  mai  sorpassalo. 
Unsuspicious;  senza sospetlo. 
Unswerving ;   che  non  devia, 

fermo,  saldo. 

Untainted  ;  non  infettato. 
Untamable ;   che    non    si   put) 

addomesticare. 

Untaught ;  senza  istruzione. 
Unteachable;  incapace  di  im- 

parare. 

Untearable  ;  non  istracciabile. 
Untenable ;     non    difensibile, 

non  sostenibile. 
Untenantable ;  inabitabile. 
Untenanted ;  disabitato. 
Untended;  non  curato. 
Unthankful ;  v .  Ungrateful. 
Unthinking;  spensierato. 
Unthought  of;  imprevisto. 
Untidy;  disordinato. 
Untie ;  sciogliere,  lasciar  libero, 

slegare,  disfare. 
Until;  finche,  fino  a.    — -then, 

fino  allora. 
Unfilled;  incolto. 
Untimely;  intempestivo,  inop- 

portuno. 

Untiring;  instancabile. 
Untitled ;    non    nobile,    senza 

titolo  di  nobilita. 
Untouched;  intatto. 
Untoward;  malaugurato,  scon- 

venevole. 

Untranslatable ;  inlraducibile. 
Untrimmed;   i.   non  fatto.     2. 

senza  guarnitura. 
Untrodden  ;  mai  battuto,  mai 

esplorato. 

Untrue;  falso,  sleale. 
Untrustworthy;  infido. 
Untruth ;  menzogna. 
Untune ;  ilisaccordare. 
Unturned ;  Leave  no  stone  — , 

muovere  tutte  le  pedine. 
Untwist ;     sciogliere.       Come 

• — ed,  sfilacciarsi. 
Unused;  i.  non  usato,  che  non 

e   mai   stato   adoperato.     i. 

non  avvezzo. 
Unusual ;    non   comune,  inso- 

lito. 

Unutterable ;  ineffabile. 
Unvarying;  uniforme. 
Unveil;  svelare. 


Unventilated ;    senza   ventila- 

zione. 

Unversed;  poco  versato. 
Unwarrantable  ;  senza  giusli- 

ficazione. 

Unwary;  malaccorto. 
Unwashed;  non  lavato.     The 

great  — ,  la  plebaglia. 
Unwavering;  fermo,  deciso. 
Unwearable  ;   (vestito)  che  non 

si  puo  portare. 
Unwearied;  non  stancato. 
Unwedded;  non  maritato. 
Unwelcome ;      male     accolto, 

spiacevole,  sgradilo. 
Unwell ;    malaticcio,    che   non 

sta  bene,  indisposto. 
Unwholesome;  malsano. 
Unwieldy;  poco  maneggevole, 

poco  a  mano,  poco  comodo. 
Unwilling ;    indisposto,    poco 

desideroso.      — ly,    a    mala 

voglia,  malvolentieri. 
Unwind;  distrigare,  svolgere. 
Unwisdom ;    sciocchezza,     in- 

sensatezza. 
Unwise ;    poco   savio,    impru- 

dente. 
Unwitnessed  ;   senza  teslimo- 

nio. 

Unwittingly;  senza  volerlo. 
Unwomanly;  indegno  di  don- 
na, che  non  conviene  al  sesso 

femminile. 

Unwonted;  insolito. 
Unworthiness  ;    poco   merito, 

mancanza  di  merito. 
Unworthy;  indegno. 
Unwrap;  sfasciare. 
Unwritten ;  non  iscritto. 
Unwrought;  non  lavorato. 
Unyielding ;    intlessibile,    che 

non  acconsente. 
Up ;   i.  su,  in  su,  in  alto,  alzato. 

i.  in  piedi.     3.   sorto  (sole), 

alzata  (luna),  piena  (marea). 

4.  All  — ,  perduto  ;   It  is  all 

—  with  him,  e  bell'  e  spac- 
ciato.     5.  • —  in  arms  against, 
alle  prese  con,  in  rivolta  con- 
tro.      6.    —  train,   treno  di 
ritorno  ;  —  line,  binario  del 
treni  di  ritorno.     7.   Be  — , 
(a)    di    liquore,    essere    spu- 
mante  ;  (/>)  non  essera  letto; 
Be  —  early  and  late,  esser  in 
piedi   presto  e  tardi ;    (t)   al 
giuoco  di  golf,   mandare   la 
palla  abbastanza  distante  per 
giungere  al   buco ;    (d}  The 
game  is  — ,  il  giuoco  e  per- 
duto ;    (e)    Time    is    — ,    il 
tempo  e  passato,  1'  ora  e  ar- 
rivata.    8.  —  to,  (a)  al  livello 
di,  all'  altezza  di ;    (b)  —  to 
date,  modernissimo ;  (c)  feel 

—  to,  sentirsi  uguale  a  o  ca- 


pace  di,  sentirsi  aver  la  forza 
per  ;  (d)  —  to  now,  tin  ades- 
so  ;  (e)  Be  —  to  all  the  tricks 
of  the  trade,  conoscere  a  fon- 
do  tutti  i  rigiri  del  mestierc  ; 
(/)  —  to  time,  a  tempo ; 
(g)  Not  —  to  much,  di  poco 
valore.  9.  Well  —  in,  bene 
informato  su,  bene  ammae- 
stratoin.  10.  With  steam  — , 
sotto  pressione ;  How  long 
will  you  be  getting  —  steam  ? 
quanto  ci  vuole  per  far  mon- 
tare  la  pressione  del  vapore  ? 

Upas  tree;  albero  del  veleno 
di  Giava,  albero  dell'  upas. 

Upbraid;  v.  Reproach  (2). 

Upcast  shaft;  tubo  d'  aspira- 
zione. 

Upheaval;  sollevamento. 

Uphill;  i.  montante,  in  solita. 
2.  penoso,  arduo. 

Uphold ;  mantenere. 

Upholsterer ;  tappezziere. 

Upland ;  altipiano. 

Uplift;  alzare. 

Upon ;  su. 

Upper;  superiore. 

Upper-hand;  il  di  sopra. 

Upper  House;  Camera  AHa. 

Upper-housemaid;  cameriera. 

Upper-leather;  tornaio. 

Uppermost ;  piu  alto.  The 
thought  which  was  —  in  his 
mind,  1'  idea  che  predomi- 
nava  nella  sua  mente.  To 
say  what  conies  — ,  dir  ci6 
che  vien  primo  alia  bocca. 

Upper  ten;  il  gran  mondo. 

Upper  works ;  (mar.)  opera 
morla. 

Uppish ;  insolente,  altiero. 

Upright;  i.  ritto.  2.  in  piedi. 
j.  integro,  onesto. 

Uprising;  sollevazione. 

Uproar;  chiasso,  baccano. 

Uproot ;  sradicare. 

Ups  and  downs;  vicissitudini, 
gli  alti  e  bassi. 

Upset;  i.  rovesciare,  far  ribal- 
tare,  capovolgere  ;  (intr. )  far 
ribalto.  2.  scompigliato,  dis- 
ordinato. 

Upset  price ;  prezzo  d'  aper- 
tura  messo  fuori  dal  bandi- 
tore. 

Upshot ;  risultato. 

Upside  down;  rittorovescio, 
sossopra. 

Upstart ;  villano  rifatlo,  nuovo 
pervenuto.  This  —  prince, 
questo  principotto  d'  ieri. 

Upthrow ;  sollevamento. 

Upturned ;  alzato  verso  il  cielo. 

Upward;  in  alto,  verso  1'  alto. 
—  movement  of  prices,  rialzo 
dei  prezzi. 


Upwards  of;  oltre  a,  piu  di,  al. 

di  la  di. 
Urban;  id. 

Urbane ;  cortese,  dolce. 
Urbanity ;  id. 
Urchin ;     i.    ragazzaccio,    mo- 

nello,  birichino.     i.  Sea  — , 

echino. 
Urge;   i.  sollecitare,  stimolare, 

eccitare,  spingere,  incalzare. 

2.     insistere,    metier    avanti 

1'  osservazione. 
Urgency;    urgenza,  stretto  bi- 

sogno,   premura. 
Urinal;  orinatoio. 
Urn  ;  urna. 
Ursine ;  orsino. 
Ursuline ;  orsolina. 
Urticaria;  orticaria. 
Us;  noi. 
Usable ;    id.,    impiegabile,    in 

istato  usabile. 
Usage;  uso,  usanza. 
Use;     i.    utilita,   valore,    van- 

taggio.      2.    uso.      3.    usare, 

impiegare,     adoperare,     ser- 

virsi  di.     4.   Be  — d  to,  esser 

avvezzo  a,  aver   1'  abitudine 

di,  esser  abituato  a.     5.  trat- 

tare  (bene,  male).     6.  Be  in 

— ,  esser  d'  uso. 
Useful;  utile. 
Usefulness;  utilita. 
Useless ;  inutile. 
Usher;    i.   usciere.     2.   —  in, 

far  entrare,  annunziare,  esser 

precursore  di. 

Usquebaugh;  uischi  irlandese. 
Usual;   id.,  solito.     As  — ,  al 

solito. 

Usufruct ;  usufrutto. 
Usurer;  usuraio. 
Usurp;  id. 
Usury;  usura. 
Utensil;  /</.,  arnese. 
Utilise;  utilizzare. 
Utilitarianism  ;  utilarismo. 
Utilit-y,  -arian;  id. 
Utmost,  Uttermost;  massimo, 

sommo,  estremo.    At  the  — , 

tutto  al  piu.     Do  one's  — , 

fare  ogni  sforzo  possibile,  far 

tutto  il  possibile. 
Utopia ;  iJ. 
Utter;     i.     intero,    complete. 

2.  pronunziare,  proferire.     3. 

metier   in  circolazione  (mo- 

nela  falsata). 
Utterance;  i.  pronunciii,  modo 

di  parlare.    2.  detto,  parole  ; 

Give  —  lo,  palesare. 
Utterly;  affatto,  lull'  affalto. 
Uttermost;  v.  Utmost. 
Uvula;  ugola. 

Uxorious;  schiavodellamoglie. 
Uxoriousness  ;    amore   sover- 

chio  per  la  moglie. 


VACANCY— VIDELICET 


CXX1X 


Vacancy;    i.    vacanza.      2.    il 

vuoto. 
Vacant;   i.  id.,  vuoto.     2.  di- 

stratto,  istupidito. 
Vacate  ;  lasciar  vacante,  sgom- 

berare. 

Vacation ;  vacanze. 
Vaccinate  ;  vaccinare. 
Vacillate  ;  vacillare. 
Vacuous;  vacuo. 
Vacuum  ;  vuoto. 
Vagabond;  id. 
Vagary;  fantasia,  capriccio. 
Vagrant ;  accattone. 
Vague;  vago. 

Vain;   i.  vano.     i.  vanitoso. 
Vainglorious  ;  vanaglorioso. 
Vainglory ;  vanagloria. 
Vair;  vaio. 
Valance ;  gala,  falbala,  balzano, 

tornaletto. 
Valedictory;  d'  addio,  di  com- 

miato. 
Valenciennes  lace ;    trine  di 

Valenciennes. 
Valentine ;    lettera  amorosa  o 

simile,    inviata    il     14    Feb- 

braio. 

Valerian;  valeriana. 
Valet ;  servitore. 
Valetudinarian ;  id. 
Valiant ;  valoroso. 
Valid;  id. 

Validate  ;  convalidare. 
Valise;  valigia. 
Valley;  valle. 
Valley-tile ;    conversa,    spigo- 

lone. 

Valour ;  forza,  coraggio. 
Valuable;  utile,  di  gran  prezzo, 

prezioso. 

Valuables  ;  oggetti  di  valore. 
Valuation  ;  valutazione,  stima. 
Value ;   valore,  valuta,  prezzo, 

importanza,  utilita ;  Set  great 

—    on,    far    gran    case    di ; 

For  —  received,  per  valuta 

avuta. 

Valueless ;  senza  valore. 
Valuer ;     stimatore,    apprezza- 

tore. 
Valve ;    valva    (di   conchiglia), 

valvola.     Flap  — ,  animella. 
Vamp;   i.  toniaio.      2.  —  up, 

racconciare,  rappezzare. 
Vampire ;  vampiro. 
Van;    i.    vanguardia.      2.    for- 
gone,  vettura. 
Vandalism ;  id. 
Vane;  banderuola. 
Vanguard ;  vanguardia. 
Vanilla;  vainiglia. 
Vanish ;     sparire,     dileguarsi, 

svanire.     — ing  point,  punto 

di  sparizione. 
Vanity;  vanita. 
Vanquish ;  vincere,  soggio- 

garc. 

Vantage-ground;  terrenovan- 
^taggioso.      Occupy   the   — , 
(•^essere  a  sopravvento. 
Vapid;  insipido. 

H. 


Vapour;  i.  vapore.  ».  — s, 
nervi  eccitati,  stato  sovrecci- 
tato  di  spirito.  3.  vantarsi, 
millantarsi. 

Vapour-bath ;  bagno  a  va- 
pore. 

Variable;  id. 

Variance;  disaccordo. 

Variation;  id. 

Varicose  ;  id.    —  vein,  varice. 

Variegated  ;  screziato. 

Variety;  id. 

Various;  i.  diverse.  2.  pa- 
recchio. 

Varlet ;  furfante. 

Varnish  ;  i .  vernice.  2.  ver- 
niciare,  inverniciare. 

Vary;  variare,  diversificare. 

Vascular;  vascolare,  vascoloso. 

Vase ;  vaso. 

Vaseline ;  id. 

Vassal ;  vassallo. 

Vast,  -ness ;  vast-o,  -ita. 

Vat ;  tino. 

Vaticination ;  vaticinio. 

Vaudeville ;  operetta,  canzo- 
netta. 

Vault;  i.  volta.  2.  saltare, 
specialmente  saltare  aiutan- 
dosi  colle  mani. 

Vaulting ;  costruzione  delle 
volte. 

Vaunt;   i.  vant-o.     2.  -are. 

Veal ;  came  di  vitello.  —  cut-, 
let,  costoletta  di  vitello. 

Vedette;  vedetta. 

Veer;  girarsi. 

Vegetable;  id.,  legume.  — 
dish,  piatto  per  servire  i  le- 
gumi.  —  garden,  orto.  — 
marrow,  zucca,  zucchetta, 
zucca  popona. 

Vegetarian ;  id. 

Vegetate ;  vegetare. 

Vegetation ;  id. 

Vehement ;  veemente. 

Vehicle ;  veicolo. 

Veil;   i.   vel-o.     2.   -are. 

Vein  ;  vena.     — ed,  venato. 

Vellum  ;  cartapecora. 

Velocipede ;  id. 

Velocity;  id. 

Velvet ;  velluto. 

Velveteen  ;  velluto  di  cotone, 
velluto  in  panna. 

Velvet  scoter;  orco  marino. 

Velvety ;  morbido  come  il  vel- 
luto, vellutato. 

Venal ;  id. 

Vendor;  venditore. 

Veneer;  i.  impiallacciatura. 
2.  impiallacciare. 

Venerate ;  venerare. 

Venereal ;  venereo. 

Vengeance ;  vendetta.  Take 
— ,  vendicarsi.  With  a  — , 
senza  discrezione.  The  storm 
came  with  a  — ,  la  tempesta 
arrivo  con  furia.  Did  he 
give  it  him  well?  With  a 
—  !  Gli  e  arrivato  ben  bene  ? 
Altro  che  arrivare ! 


Venial;  id. 

Venison  ;  came  di  cervo. 
Venom  ;  veleno. 
Venomous;    i.   velenoso.     2. 

maldicente. 
Vent;    i.  uscita,  spiraglio.     i. 

focone.     3.   Give  —  to,  dare 

sfogo  a,  sfogare.     4.  ano. 
Ventilat-e;  ventilatare.     Well 

— ed,    arioso.     — ing   brick, 

bucaruola. 
Ventilator;  id. 
Ventricle ;  id. 

Ventriloquism  ;  ventriloquio. 
Venture  ;   i.  ventura,  impresa. 

2.  osare,  arrischiarsi.     3.  At 

a  — ,  a  caso. 
Venturesome ;    ardito,   azzar- 

doso,  avventato. 
Venue ;   luogo  di  un  delitto  o 

del  processo  che  ne  risulta. 

Change   the  — ,  far   proces- 

sare  in  una  contea  diversa  di 

quella  che  e  stata  scena  del 

delitto. 

Venus ;  Venere. 
Veracious;  verace,  veridico. 
Veracity;  id. 

Veranda ;  id.,  verone  a  vetri. 
Verb ;  verbo. 
Verbal;  id.,  letterale. 
Verbatim  ;  parola  per  parola. 
Verbena ;  verbena  da  mazzetti. 

Lemon-scented  — ,  erba  ce- 

drina. 
Verbiage  ;   quantita  di  parole 

(scritte). 

Verbos-e,  -ity ;  id. 
Verdant ;  verdeggiante. 
Verd-antique  ;  verde  antico. 
Verderer ;  guardaboschi. 
Verdict ;  verdetto. 
Verdigris ;  verderame. 
Verdure ;  id. 
Verg-e  ;  i .  orlo.     2.  — ing  on, 

vicino  a. 

Verger;  sagrestano. 
Verify ;  verificare. 
Verisimilitude ;  verisimiglian- 

za. 

Veritable ;  vero. 
Verity;  id. 
Verjuice ;  agresto. 
Vermicelli ;  id.,  spaghettini. 
Vermiform ;  id. 
Vermifuge ;  antelmintico. 
Vermilion ;  vermiglione. 
Vermin ;  vermini,  insetti  schi- 

fosi. 
Vermin-killer;  polvere  inset- 

ticida. 

Verminous ;  verminoso. 
Vermuth ;  vermut. 
Vernacular ;  vernacolo. 
Vernal ;  id. 

Vernal  grass  ;  paleo  odoroso. 
Vernier;  verniero. 
Versatile;  id. 
Verse ;  verso. 
Versed  ;  versa*  ~>,  pratico. 
Versify ;  versificare. 
Version ;  id. 


Versus;  contro. 
Vertebra;  id. 
Vertex  ;  vertice,  cima. " 
Vertical;  id. 

Vertigo ;  vertigine,  capogiro. 
Vervain ;  verbena. 
Very;  i.  molto,  assai.    2.  me- 
ro,  pretto,  stesso ;  He  wor- 
shipped   her    —    name,    ne 
adorava  persino  il  nome.     3. 
—  well,  benissimo,  va  bene. 

Vesicle  ;  vescichetta. 

Vespers ;  vespro. 

Vessel ;  vaso,  vascello,  nave, 
bastimento. 

Vest;  i.  veste,  sottoveste,  ca- 
miciuola.  2.  investire,  porre 
in  possesso.  3.  — ed  inte- 
rests, interessi  o  diritti  perso- 
nal!. 

Vesta ;  fiammifero  che  non  si 
spegne  al  vento. 

Vestal;  id. 

Vestibule ;  vestibolo. 

Vestige ;  vestigio. 

Vestment ;  abito  di  prete. 

Vestry;  i.  sagrestia.  2.  adu- 
nanza  dei  contribuenti  d'  una 
parrocchia. 

Vesture ;  vestito. 

Vesuvian ;  fiammifero  schiz- 
zante. 

Vetch ;  veccia. 

Vetchling ;  veccia,  mochi. 

Veteran ;  id. 

Veterinary;  id. 

Veto;  veto. 

Vex;  vessare,  contrariare,  far 
dispiacere  o  dispetto  a. 

Vexation ;  noia,  vessazione, 
dispiacere. 

Vexatious ;  incomodo,  mole- 
sto,  fastidioso,  spiacente. 

Viable ;  vitabile. 

Viaduct ;  viadotto. 

Vial  ;  boccia,  boccetta. 

Viands ;  vivande. 

Viaticum  ;  viatico. 

Vibrate ;  vibrare. 

Vicar;  vicario,  piovano. 

Vicarage ;  presbiterio,  casa 
parrocchiale. 

Vicarial ;  di  vicario. 

Vicarious ;  sostituito. 

Vice ;  vizio. 

Vice- ;  see  the  Italian- English 
part  under  Vice-. 

Vicinage ;  vicinato. 

Vicinity ;  vicinanza. 

Vicious;  vizioso. 

Vicissitude ;  vicissitudine. 

Victim  ;  vittima. 

Victimise ;  sacrincare. 

Victor ;  vincitore. 

Victory ;  vittoria. 

Victual ;  vettovagliare. 

Victuals ;  vettovaglie. 
Victualler ;     provveditore    di 
generi  alimentari.     Licensed 
— ,  oste,  trattore. 
Vicuna ;  vigogna. 
Videlicet;  cioe. 

R 


cxxx 


VIE— WANT 


Vie  ;  gareggiare,  concorrere. 
View;   i.  veduta,  vista.     2.  ve- 

dere.     3.  In  my  — ,  a  parer 

mio.     4.    At  the  first  — ,  a 

prima  vista.     5.    With  a  — 

to,  collo  scopo  di.     6.  Bird's 

eye  — ,  vista  a  volo  d'  uccello. 

7.  Take  the  — ,  considerare, 

esser  d'  opinione. 
Vigil ;  veglia. 
Vigilan-ce,  -t ;  id. 
Vignette ;  vignetta. 
Vigour ;  vigore,  forza. 
Vile  ;  id.,  basso,  meschino. 
Vilify  ;  vilipendere,  diffamare. 
Villa  ;  casino,  casetta. 
Village  ;  villaggio,  paese. 
Villager;  contadino,  paesano. 
Villain  ;  briccone,  furfante. 
Villainous;  basso,  infame,  scel- 

lerato,  malvagio.     —  dress, 

abito  meschino. 
Villainous  looking  ;  d'  appa- 

renza  tutt"  altro  che  buona. 
Villainy;  azione  indegna,  o  bas- 

sa,  scelleratezza. 
Villous ;  villoso. 
Vinaigrette  ;  scatolino  d'  aceto 

aromatizzato. 
Vindicate  ;  vendicare. 
Vindictive  ;    vendicativo,    cru- 

dele. 
Vindictiveness;  rancore,risen- 

timento,  spirito  vendicativo. 
Vine  ;  vigna,  vite. 
Vine-arbour ;  pergola. 
Vine-branch ;  pampano,  tral- 

cio. 

Vine-dresser ;  vignaiolo. 
Vinegar ;    aceto.        -    maker, 

acetaio. 

Vine-leaf;  pampino. 
Vine-prop  ;  palo  (per  le  viti). 
Vinery  ;  serra  da  viti. 
Vine-stock;  ceppo  di  vite,  vi- 

tigno,  viziato. 


Vineyard;  vigneto. 

Vinous;  vinoso. 

Vintage ;  vendemmia. 

Vintner ;  mercante  di  vino. 

Viol ;  viola. 

Violate ;  violare,  violentare. 

Violent;   id.,  impetuoso,  vee- 

mente. 
Violet;     i.    viola,    mammola. 

2.  colore  violetto. 
Violin ;  violino. 
Violoncello  ;  id. 
Viper;  vipera. 

Viper's  bugloss;  erba  viperina. 
Virago  ;  donnaccia,  viragine. 
Virgin ;  vergine. 
Virginia    creeper ;     vite    del 

Canada. 
Virile;  id. 
Virtual ;  id. 
Virtue ;  virtu. 
Virulent ;  id. 
Virus  ;  virus. 
Vis  viva ;  forza  viva. 
Visa;  visto,  vidimazione. 
Visage ;  viso,  volto. 
Vis-a-vis ;     dirimpetto    a,    in 

faccia  a. 

Viscid;  id.,  viscoso. 
Viscount ;  visconte. 
Viscountess ;  viscontessa. 
Viscus ;  viscere. 
Visible;  id. 
Vision;    i.   vista,     t.   visione, 

apparizione. 
Visionary;  id. 
Visit;   i.  visit-a.     i.  -are. 
Visitation;  i.  id.    i.  ispezione. 

3.  visita. 

Visiting-card  ;  carta  di  visita. 
Visitor;  visitatore. 

Visor ;  visiera. 

Vista ;  prospettiva  (per  un  viale 

d'  alberi). 

Visual ;  id.,  visivo. 
Vital;  id. 


Vitiate ;  viziare,  guastare. 

Vitreous;  vitreo. 

Vitrify;  vetrificare. 

Vitriol;  id. 

Vituperate ;  id. 

Vivacious;  vivace. 

Vivid;  id. 

Vivify;  vivificare. 

Viviparous;  viviparo. 

Vivisection;  vivisezione. 

Vixen;  i.  volpe  femmina.  2. 
megera,  donnettaccia. 

Viz. ;  cioe. 

Vizier;  visire. 

Vocabulary ;  vocabolario. 

Vocal,  -ise;  id. 

Vocation ;  id. 

Vocative ;  id. 

Vociferate ;  id. 

Vociferous ;  strepitoso. 

Vogue ;  moda,  voga. 

Voice;  i.  voce.  i.  dar  voce  a. 
3.  In  a  loud  — ,  ad  alta  voce ; 
In  a  low  — ,  a  voce  som- 
messa. 

Void;  i.  vano,  vacuo,  nnllo, 
invalido  ;  —  of,  senza.  2. 
votare. 

Volatile;  id. 

Volcano ;  vulcano. 

Vole;  topo  d' acijua. 

Volition ;  id. 

Volley;  i.  scarica  (di  cannoni), 
carico  (di  sassate,  di  vitu- 
peri),  salva  (di  moschettate, 
di  applausi).  i.  giocando 
alia  palla,  colpire  la  palla  in 
piena  volata,  prima  dello 
sbalzo. 

Volt;  volta. 

Volteface ;  giravolta. 

Voluble;  id. 

Volume;  j.  volume,  massa. 
i.  volume,  tomo.  3.  — s  of 
smoke,  turbini  di  fumo. 

Voluminous  ;  id. ,  copioso. 


Voluntary;    i.   volontario.     2. 

pezzo    sonato    sull'    organo 

mentre    la    gente    lascia    la 

chiesa. 
Volunteer;   i.  volontario.     2. 

offrirsi  (senza  esserci    obbli- 


Voluptuary;    uomo   voluttuo- 

so. 

Voluptuousness ;  lussuria. 
Volute ;  voluta. 
Vomica;    cavita  purulenta  nel 

polmone. 

Vomit;  i.  vomit-o.     2.  -are. 
Voracious;  vorace. 
Vortex ;  vortice,  gorgo. 
Vosges  mountains ;   Vogesi. 
Votary;  devoto,  amante. 
Vote;   i.  vot-o.     2.   -are. 
Voter;  votante. 
Voting ;  votazione. 
Voting-paper ;     bollettino    di 

votazione. 
Votive ;  id. 
Vouch;     i.    attestare.      2.    - 

for,  esser  nmllevadoie  di. 
Voucher ;  documento. 
Vouchsafe ;    i .   accordare.     2. 

accondiscendere. 
Vow;     i.    voto.      2.    fare    un 

voto  ;  —  vengeance,  giurare 

di  vendicarsi. 
Vowel ;  vocale. 
Voyage;  i.  viaggio  (per  mare). 

2.   viaggiare. 
Vulcan-ite,  -ise ;  id. 
Vulgar;    i.    volgare,   comune. 

2.     triviale,    basso.       3.     il 

volgo. 
Vulgarise;   i.  render  popolare. 

2.   render  volgare. 
Vulgate;  vulgato. 
Vulner-able,  -ary;  id. 
Vulpine ;  volpino. 
Vulture ;     avvoltoio,    capovac- 

caio. 


w 


Wabble ;  v.  Wobble. 
Wad ;  borra,  stoppaccio. 
Vv'adding ;  bambagia. 
Waddle ;  camminar  come  un'  a- 

natra,  dondolarsi. 
Wade;     cnmminare    nell'    ac- 

qua. 
Wader;  i.  trampoliere.    2. — s, 

calzoni     impermeabili    con- 

giunti  agli  stivali. 
Wafer ;  cialda,  ostia,  brigidino, 

cialdone  arrotolato. 
Waft;  i.  soffio.     2.  trasportare 

per  aria. 
Wag ;   i .  burlone,  capo  ameno. 

2.    scuotere,    agitare,    dime- 

nare. 
Wage;    i.    paga.     2.  —  war, 

far  guerra,  guerreggiare. 
Wager;     i.     scommessa.      2. 

scommettere. 
Waggish  ;  scherzevole. 
Waggle;  v.  Wag  (2). 
Waggon ;  vagone,  vettiira. 
Waggoner;  carrettaio. 
Waggonette ;  carrozzetta. 
Wagtail ;  cutrettola,  cutti,  bal- 
lerina, strisciaiola. 


Waif;  avanzo,  rigettato,  ragazzo 

negletto. 

Wail ;  lamentarsi. 
Wain ;  carro. 
Wainscot ;   rivestimento,  inta- 

volato. 

Waist;  vita. 
Waistband ;  cintura. 
Waistcoat ;  panciotto. 
Wait ;     i.    aspettare.       2.    — 

upon,  (a)  servire,  (t)  andare 

a  vedere. 
Waiter;   i.  cameriere.     2.  pi- 

atto  (d'  argento). 
Waiting ;  attesa.     Lady  in  — , 

dama  d'  onore. 

Waiting-room;  sala  d'  attesa. 
Waiting-woman,  Waitress; 

cameriera. 

Waits ;  musici  di  notte. 
Waive ;    abbandonare,    lasciar 

andare,  rinunciare  a. 
Wake;   i.  scia;  Follow  in  the 

—  of,  seguire  le  tracce   di. 

2.    in   Irlanda,  veglia  di  un 

morto.    3.  destare,  svegliare. 
Wakeful ;  insonne. 
Wakefulness ;  insounia. 


Waken  ;  v.  Wake  (2). 

Wake-robin ;  erba  saetta. 

Waking  hours ;  ore  di  veglia. 

Wale;  i.  cinta.    2.  v.  Weal  (2). 

Walk;  i.  passeggiata.  2.  At 
a  — ,  al  passo.  3.  viale. 
4.  carriera,  professione.  5. 
camminare,  andare  a  spasso, 
andare  a  piedi.  6.  —  the 
hospitals,  frequentare  gli 
ospedali.  7.  —  in,  entrare. 
8.  —  off,  svignarsela.  9.  — 
off  with,  portar  via.  10.  — 
out,  uscire.  II.  —  over, 
vincere  una  corsa  per  man- 
canza  di  concorrenti. 

Walker;  camminatore. 

Walking-stick;  bastone. 

Wall;  i.  muro,  muraglia,  pa- 
rete  ;  Supporting  — ,  contro- 
muro ;  Dry  — ,  muro  a  secco  ; 
Go  to  the  — ,  soccombere  ; 
Run  one's  head  against  the 
— ,  fare  a  cozzi  co'  muric- 
ciuoli ;  Parly  — ,  muro  divi- 
sorio.  i.  —  up,  murare. 

Wall-creeper  ;  muraiolo. 

Wallet ;  borsa,  bisaccia. 


Wall-eyed;  vaiato. 
Wallflower;  violacciocca. 
Wall-fruit;  frutto  di  spalliera. 
Walloon;  Vallone. 
Wallop;  bastonare. 
Wallow;  ravvoltolarsi. 
Wall  -paper;  tappezzeria. 
Walnut;  noce/. 
Walnut-shell;  scorza  di  noce. 
Walnut  -tree,  Walnut-  wood; 

noce  m. 

Walrus ;  tricheco. 
Waltz;  i.  valzer.     2.  ballare  il 

valzer. 

Wan ;  pallido. 
Wand  ;  bacchetta. 
Wander ;     i.     vagare,    girova- 

gare,    errare.       2.     turbarsi 

(mente),  delirare. 
Wanderer;    vagabondo,   viag- 

giatore. 
Wandering;    i.  girovago,  am- 

bulante.      i.  delirante. 
Wanderings;  viaggi. 
Wane ;  scemarsi,  declinare. 
Want;    i.    bisogno.     2.    man- 

canza.       3.     indigenza.       4. 

mancare.     5.  volere.     6.  es- 


WANTING— WAY 


CXXXl 


serci  bisogno,  aver  bisogno. 

7.    You  are  — ed,  si  chiede 

di  voi,  vi  si  cerca ;   — ed,  a 

coachman,  si  chiede  cocchi- 

ere. 

Wanting;  meno. 
Wanton ;     protervo,     lascivo, 

scherzevole,       —     piece    of 

mischief,  cattiveria  fatta  ap- 

posta. 
War  ;    i .  guerra.     i.   guerreg- 

giare.     3.   On  a  —  footing, 

su  piede  di  guerra. 
Warble  ;  gorgheggiare. 
Warbler;   beccatico,  bigia,  ca- 

napino,  cannaiola,  forapaglie, 

pagliarolo,  sterpazzola,  ster- 

pazzolina. 
Ward;    i.   guardia.      2.   rione, 

quartieredi  unacitta.     3.  pu- 

pillo.     4.   —  off,  tener  lon- 

tano,  parare  a,  respingere. 
Warden;    i.  custode.     2.  go- 

vernatore,  rettore. 
Warder;  carceriete. 
Wardrobe;  i.  guardaroba. 

2.    vestimenti. 
Ward-room  ;    quadrate    degli 

ufnciali. 
Warehouse ;      i .     magazzino. 

2.  immagazzinare. 
Warehouseman ;  raagazzini- 

ere. 

Wares;  mercanzia. 
Warfare;  guerra,  stato  di  guerra. 
War-horse ;  cavallo  da  guerra. 
Wariness;  accortezza. 
Warlike ;  guerriero. 
Warm;  i.  caldo.    2.  scaldare; 

—  up,  riscaldare  ;  — ing  ap- 
paratus, calorifero. 

Warming  -  pan  ;  scaldaletto, 
scald  inc. 

Warmth;  calore. 

Warn  ;  avvertire,  ammonire. 

Warning ;  i .  avvertimento  ; 
Take  — ,  stare  avvertito. 
i.  licenziamento. 

Warp;  i.  ordito.  2.  (mar.) 
tonneggio.  3.  incurvarsi, 
imbarcarsi.  4.  sviare,  stor- 
nare,  pervertire.  5.  tonneg- 
giare. 

Warrant;  i.  buono,  warrant, 
nota  di  pegno  ;  —  for  de- 
livery, buono  per  la  consegna ; 

—  for  warehousing,    buono 
perdeposito.    2.  diritto,  gius- 
tificazione,  scusa.      3.    man- 
dato  (di  catlura  o  di  morte). 
4.  garantire.     5.  giustificare, 
autorizzare. 

Warrant-officer;  sou'  uffiziale. 

Warranty;  malleveria. 

Warren ;  conigliera. 

Warrior;  guerriero. 

Wart ;  porro,  verruca. 

Warworn ;  consumato  dalla 
guerra. 

Wary ;  accorto,  circospetto. 

Wash;  i.  lavatura,  sciacqua- 
mento.  2.  biancheria  (da 
lavarsi).  3.  A  light  —  of 
yellow  ochre  over  the  paper, 
una  sfumalura  d'  ocra  gialla 
sulla  carta.  4.  ondeggia- 
mento  (prodotto  da  un  va- 
pore).  5.  intonaco. 

6.  lavare,  metier  in  bucato. 
7.  —  away,   portar  via.     8. 


—  down,  (a)  dare  una  lavata 
a,   (l>)  trasportare  colla  tor- 
rente,  (f)  mandar  gift.     9.  — 
over,  (a)  inondare,  sommer- 
gere,  bagnare ;  The  seas  —  ed 
right  over  the  ship,  i  marosi 
inondavano    tutto    il    l>asti- 
mento  ;    (li)  —  over  witli  a 
coat  of  blue,  dare  una  mano 
di  bin  a.     10.  —  overboard, 
travolgere  nel  mare.      1 1.  — 
up,  (a)  rigettare  (sulla  spon- 
da),  (/>)  lavare,  risciacquare. 

Wash-ball;  saponetta. 
Wash-board;  falca. 
Washer ;  dischetto  di  cuoio. 
Washerwoman  ;  lavandaia. 
Washhand  -  stand  ;    toelette, 

lavabo. 
Washy;  insipido,  lungo,  sbia- 

dito. 

Wasp;  vespa. 
Waspish ;  stizzoso,  burbero. 
Waste;   i.  incolto.     2.  inutile; 

—  paper,  carta  straccia.     3. 

—  of  time,  tempo  perduto. 
4.  Cotton  — ,  ritagli  di  co- 
tone.      5.    sciupare,  scialac- 
quare,  sprecare.    6.  —  away, 
consumarsi. 

Waste-book ;  brogliazzo,  scar- 
tafaccio. 

Waste-cock ;  rubinetto  di  sca- 
rico. 

Wasteful ;  prodigo,  spenderec- 
cio. 

Waste-paper  basket ;  paniere 
da  carta  straccia. 

Waster;  guastatore. 

Watch;  i.  veglia,  guardia,  at  - 
tenzione  ;  Be  on  the  — , 
stare  in  agguato,  stare  attento, 
vigilare.  2.  oriolo  da  tasca ; 
Hunting  — ,  savonetta,  cilin- 
dro  a  savonetta. 

3.  osservare,  sorvegliare, 
spiare.  4.  star  desto,  vigi- 
lare. 

Watch-case;  cassa  d'  oriolo. 

Watch-dog;  cane  di  guardia. 

Watcher;  vegliatore, assistente, 
osservatore. 

Watchful ;  vigilante,  attento. 

Watch-glass;  cristallo d' orio- 
lo. 

Watch-guard;  cordoncino 
d'  un  oriolo. 

Watch-maker;  oriolaio. 

Watchman  ;  guardia  da  notte. 

Watch-pocket ;  taschino. 

Watch-tower ;  torre  d'  osser- 
vazione. 

Watchword  ;  parola  d'  ordine. 

Water;  i.  acqua.  2.  Hold  — , 
Jig.  sopportare  un'  esamina- 
zione.  3.  inaffiare.  4.  ab- 
beverare.  5.  annacquare.  6. 
Make  one's  mouth  — ,  far 
venire  1'  acquolina  in  bocca. 
7.  marezzare. 

Water-bailiff;  i.  ufficiale  di 
porto.  i.  guardia  di  pesca. 

Water-bed;  materassa  da  ac- 
qua. 

Water-beetle  ;  coleottero  ac- 
quatico. 

Water-biscuit;  biscotto  di  fa- 
rina e  acqua. 

Water-boatman  ;  notonetta. 

Water-bottle;  caraffa. 


Water-butt ;  botte  da  acqua. 
Water-cart ;  carretto  da  inaf- 
fiare. 

Water-clock ;  clessidra. 
Water-closet ;  cesso  inglese. 
Water-colour;    r.    colore   da 
stemperarsi  nell'  acqua.     2. 
acquerello. 

Water-cooler;  alcarazas,  buc- 
chero,  vaso  di  terra  porosa, 
cantimplora. 
Water-course  ;    scolatoio,  ca- 

nale. 

Watercress;  crescione. 
Water-cure ;  idroterapia. 
\Vater-dog;  cane  da  acqua. 
Waterfall;  cascata. 
Waterfowl ;  uccello  acquatico. 
Water-hen;   gallmella  d'  ac- 
qua. 

Watering-pot ;  annaffiatoio. 
Watering-trough ;  abbevera- 

toio. 

Water-jug;  brocca. 
Water-lily;  ninfea. 
Water-line ;  linea  d'  acqua. 
Water-logged  ;  pieno  d'  acqua 

ma  galleggiante. 
Waterman;  barcaiolo. 
Water-mark;  filigrana. 
Water-melon;  cocomero. 
Water-mill;  molino  ad  acqua. 
Water-nymph;  naiade. 
Water-pipe  ;    condotto  d'  ac- 
qua, doccione. 
Water-plantain ;    piantaggine 

d'  acqua. 

Water-power;  forza  idraulica. 
Waterproof;  impermeabile. 
Water-rail;  gallinella. 
Water-rat ;  topo  acquaiolo. 
Water-rate ;    contribuzione  di 
chi  vuole  1'  acqua  municipale. 
Watershed  ;  spartiacque. 
Waterside  labourer ;    chi  la- 
vora  sulle  sponde  di  un  fiuine. 
Waterspout ;  tromba  marina. 
Watertight;  stagno, impermea- 
bile. 

Water-violet ;  erba  scopina. 
Water-wheel;  turbina. 
Waterworks  ;  impianto  idrau- 

lico. 
Water-worn;  attrito  dalle  ac- 

que. 

Watery;  acqueo. 
Wattle ;   i .  graticcio,  canniccio. 

•2.   bargiglio.     3.  acacia. 
Wave ;     i.     onda,    cavallone, 
maroso.      2.    brandire,    agi- 
tare;  —  a  flag,  agitare  una 
bandiera ;  —  one's  hand,  far 
cenno  colla  mano.    3.  ondeg- 
giare. 
Waver;  vacillare,  titubare,  ten- 

tennare. 
Wavy ;     ondeggiante,    serpeg- 

giante. 

Wax ;    i .  cera,  pece  da  calzo- 
laio,  cerunie  (delle  orecchie), 
lucido  (da  scarpe) ;   Sealing 
— ,    ceralacca.       2.    (gergo) 
stizza.     3.  incerare.     4.  cre- 
scere.     3.  divenire. 
Wax  chandler;  ceraiuolo. 
Wax  match ;  cerino. 
Wax-wing;  beccofrusone. 
Wax-work;  modello  in  cera. 
Waxy;    i.  CL.OSO.     2.  colleri- 
co. 


Way ;   i .  via,  strada ;  Can  you 
tell   me  the  —  to?  potreste 
iudicarmi  la  strada  per?     2. 
modo,  maniera;  This  is  not 
the  —  to  behave,  non  e  cost 
che  ti  devi  comportare.     3. 
abbrivo.     4.  abitudine;  — s, 
usanze  ;   Get  into  the  —  of 
it,  abituarcisi.     5.  G«t  one's 
own    — ,    aver    cio    cl>e    si 
vuole.     6.    Know   one's   — 
about,  esser  familiare  col  luo- 
go,  intendersi  di  tutto  cio  che 
possa  esser  utile.     7.  ^J//the 
— ,  per  tutta  la  strada.     8. 
Make  one's  —  back,  ritornare. 
9.   Be  in  a  bad  — ,  esser  in 
cattivo  stato.     10.  (a)  By  the 
— ,  di  passaggio,  a  propcsito; 
(6)  By  —  of,  (a)  per,  (0)  Be 
by  —  of,  usare,  aver  1'  abitu- 
dine di ;   I  am  not  by  —  of 
going  every  day,  non  si  as- 
petta  che  io  vada  ogni  giorno. 
n.   Clear  the  — ,  far  strada 
aperta,  preparar  la  via.      12. 
Come  in  one's  — ,  presentarsi 
auno.    13.  Cut,  Korce,  Work 
one's  —  through,  aprirsi  la 
btrada.      14.    Feel  one's  — , 
andar  tastoni.      15.   Give  — , 
(a)  cedere,   (b)  retnare  (con 
forza).     16.  Go  one's  — ,  an- 
darsene  in  santa  pace,  prose- 
guire   la   sua   strada ;    I  am 
going  your  — ,  vado  per  la 
vostra    strada ;    I    shall    be 
going  your   —   next    week, 
devo    andare     dalle     vostre 
parti   fra   otto   giorni.      17. 
A    good    —    off,    alquanto 
distante.       18.    /»   the    — , 
molesto,  incomodo,  a  noia  ; 
I  wish  you  would  not  get  in 
my  — !    ma  se  voleste  non 
disturbarmi !    I   should  only 
be  in  the  — ,  non  vi   sarei 
altro  che  di  disturbo;  Putin 
the  —  of  doing  it,  insegnare 
a  farlo.       19.   Lead  the  — , 
andare  il  primo.     20.  A  long 
—  off,  assai  distante,  lontano; 
Be  a  long  —  oft'  finishing, 
esser  lontano  dalla  fine,  man- 
car   molto    al    compimento. 
21.  Lose  one's  • — ,  smarrirsi, 
perder    la   via.       22.    Make 
— ,  (a)  far  luogo,   (b)  Alake 
one's  — ,  farsi   strada.     13. 
The  other  —  about,  il  con- 
trario.      24.   Out  of  the  — , 
(a)  via  !    (<i)   Out  of  the  — 
place,  luogo  fuori  di  mano, 
scartato,  appartato ;    (c)    Go 
out  of  one's  — ,   (a)  sviare, 
andar   fuor    di   via,   fuor   di 
strada,   (/3)  scomodarsi ;   (</) 
A'eef  out  of  the  —  of,  tener 
lontano  di ;   (e)   Put  out  of 
the  — ,  sbarazzarsi  di.     25. 
Over  the  — ,  dall'  altra  parte 
della  strada.     26.  Pay  one's 
— ,  fare  il  proprio  cammino 
senza  indebitarsi.     27.  Right 
of  — ,  diritto  di   passaggio. 
28.  See  one's  —  to,  vedere 
il   modo  per.     29.   Six  foot 
— ,  interbinario.     30.  Stand 
in  the  —  of,  impedire,  fare 
ostacolo  a.     31.   That,  This 

R2 


cxxxn 


WAY-BILL—WHITENESS 


— ,  da  quella,  questa  parte. 
32.  Under  — ,  in  marcia,  in 
al'hrivo.  33.  Go  the  wrong 

—  to  work,  mettercisi  male, 
principiar  male. 

Way-bill ;  foglio  <li  rotta. 

Wayfarer;  vianclante. 

Wayfaring  tree ;  viorno. 

Waylay ;  porsi  in  agguato  per. 

Wayside  ;  margine  della  stra- 
da. 

Way-thistle ;  scardiccione. 

Wayward  ;  forviato,  ritroso. 

Wayworn ;  stanco  dal  cam  - 
mino. 

We ;  noi,  noialtri. 

Weak;  debole,  fiacco. 

Weaken ;  indebolire,  debilitare, 
attenuare. 

Weakling;  creatura  debole. 

Weal;  i.  v.  Welfare.  2.  am- 
maccatura. 

Wealth ;  ricchezza. 

Wean ;  svezzare,  spoppare. 

Weapon ;  arma. 

Wear;  i.  uso,  durata,  ser- 
vizio  ;  —  and  tear,  logorio, 
danno  dall' uso;  Fair  —  and 
tear  excepted,  fuori  del  logo- 
rio ragionevole,  eccettuati  i 
danni  normali.  2.  portare, 
indossare.  3.  consumare,  lo- 
gorare;  —  away,  consumare 
a  poco  a  poco  ;  —  off,  spa- 
rire  (col  tempo) ;  —  out, 
esaurire,  spossare,  sterilire, 
perdersi. 

Wearisome ;  tedioso,  noioso. 

Weary ;  t.  stanco.  2.  stan- 
care,  stufare. 

Weasel ;  donnola. 

Weather;  i.  tempo.  2.  reg- 
gere  (tempesta).  3.  — ed, 
scolorito,  di  colore  reso  meno 
vivo  dalle  piogge. 

Weather  -  beaten  ;  sbattuto 
dalle  tempeste. 

Weather-boards ;  tavole  di 
riparo  sovrapposte  1'  una 
all*  altra  dagli  orli  per  resis- 
tere  alia  pioggia. 

Weather-cock ;  banderuola. 

Weather-wise ;  chi  prevede 
bene  il  tempo  che  fara. 

Weave;  tessere,  ordire,  intrec- 
ciare. 

Weaver;  tessitore. 

Web  ;  tela,  tessuto,  ragnatela. 

Web-footed ;  palmipede. 

Wed ;  sposare,  maritarsi. 

Wedding;  i .  nozze, sposalizio. 
2.  nuziale. 

Wedge;  i.  cuneo,  bietta.  2. 
serrare  con  cunei. 

\Vedlock ;  matrimonio. 

Wednesday;  mercoledl. 

Wee ;  piccino. 

Weed ;  i.  erba,  erbaccia.  2. 
— s,  bruno  (di  vedova).  3. 
sarchiare ;  —  out,  purgare  da. 

Weedy  ;  i .  pieno  di  erbacce. 
2.  debole,  gramo. 

Week ;  settimana.  In  a  — 's 
time,  fra  otto  giorni.  To- 
morrow — ,  domani  a  otto. 
To-day  — ,  oggi  a  otto.  A 

—  to-day,  otto  giorni  fa. 
Weekly ;  settimanale. 
Weep  ;  piangere. 
Weepers  ;  strisce  di  tela. 


Weeping  ;  pianto. 
Weeping-willow;  salcio  lagri- 

mante. 

Weevil ;  punteruolo. 
Weft;    i.   trama.     2.   bandiera 

in  derno. 
Weigh;   i.  pesare.     i.  salpare 

(ancora).       3.    —  down,  far 

pendere  la  bilancia. 
Weigh-bridge  ;  basculla. 
Weighing-machine  ;  macchi- 

na  da  pesare. 
Weight ;  peso. 
Weighty;  pesante,  grave,  im- 

portante. 
Weir ;    conca,   cbiusa,    sbarra- 

men  to. 

Weird  ;  fantastico. 
Welcome;    i.    benvenuto.     2. 

grato,    gradito.      3.    dare   il 

benvenuto  a,  far  le  feste  a. 
Weld ;  saldare  a  fuoco. 
Welfare  ;  benessere,  bene. 
Welkin ;  volta  celeste. 
Well;   i.   pozzo.     2.  bene.     3. 

—  up,  (a)  scaturire,  (/>)  bene 

informato.      4.    Be  — ,  star 

bene.      5.    Get  — ,  guarire. 

6.   Leave  —  alone,  il  meglio 

e  nemico  del  bene. 
Well-born;  di  buona  nascita. 
Well-bred;  ben  creato. 
Well-disposed  ;   ben  intenzio- 

nato. 

Well-head;  sorgente. 
Wellington  boot ;  stivalone. 
Well-meaning;  ben  intenzio- 

nato. 

Well -met;  ben  trovato. 
Wellnigh ;  quasi. 
Wellspring;  fontana. 
Well-timed;  opportune. 
Well-wisher;  benevolo,  chi  ti 

vuol  bene. 
Welsh ;  gallese. 
Welsh  rabbit ;    fetta  di  pane 

con  cacio  arrostito. 
Welt ;  orlo,  tramezza  (di  scar- 
pa). 

Welter;  avvoltolarsi. 
Wen ;  natta. 
Wench  ;  zitella,  ragazza. 
Wend    one's    way;    andare, 

proseguire  il  cammino. 
Were-wolf;  lupo  mannaro. 
West ;  ovest,  ponente. 
Westerly ;    dall'  ovest,   verso 

1'  ovest. 

Western ;  occidentale. 
Westphalia;  Vesfalia. 
Wet ;  i.  bagnato,  umido,  fra- 

dicio,  piovoso.     2.  bagnare, 

inumidire. 
Wether;  castrato. 
Wet-nurse ;  balia. 
Weymouth  pine  ;   pino  bian- 
co. 
Whack;  i.  bussa.     2.  bussare. 

3.   vincere. 
Whacker ;   pesce  o  altra  cosa 

grossa,    specialmente    bugia 

enorme. 

Whacking ;  enorme. 
Whale ;  balena,  cetaceo. 
Whaleboat ;  baleniera. 
Whalebone ;  osso  di  balena. 
Whaling ;  pesca  delle  balene. 
Wharf;  scalo,  banchina,  molo. 
Wharfage ;     diritto    di    sosta, 

tassa  di  ripaggio. 


Wharfinger ;  proprietario  d'  u- 

na  banchina. 

What ;  che,  quale,  cio  che. 
Whatever  ;  qualunque,  qual  si 

sia,  tutto  cio  che,  per  quan- 

to. 

Whatnot ;  scaffale. 
Wheal ;  v.  Weal  (2). 
Wheat ;  grano,  frumento. 
Wheatear ;    culbianco,   mona- 

chella. 

Wheaten ;  di  grano. 
Wheedle ;  adescare,  lusingare, 

carezzare,  abbindolare. 
Wheedling;  moine. 
Wheel;   i.  ruota.    2.  barellare, 

scarrozzare.    3.  fare  unacon- 

versione ;     Right    (left)    — 

quick  march  !  plotone  a  de 

stra  (o  sinistra)   marsc  !     4. 

roteare. 

Wheelbarrow;  carriola. 
Wheel-chair;  poltrona  a  ruo- 

te. 
Wheeler ;    cavallo   delle   stan- 

ghe. 

Wheel-track;  rotaia. 
Wheelwright ;  carradore. 
Wheeze  ;  ansare,  aver  I'  asma. 
Wheezy;  asmatico,  bolso. 
Whelk ;  buccino,  trombetta. 
Whelp ;  piccino,  lupicino,  leon- 

cinn. 
When;    i.    quando,   allorche ; 

Since  — ?  da  quando?     2.  a 

che  ora,  a  che  tempo? 
Whence;  donde. 
Whenever;      i.     ogni     volta 

che,  sempre   che.      2.    qua- 

lora. 

Where ;  dove,  in  che  luogo. 
Whereabouts;    i.  in  che  po- 

sto  ?     2.    luogo   frequentato 

da  uno ;  —  is  he  to  be  found  ? 

dove  pratica  ? 
Whereas;    i.    siccome,   atteso 

che,    poiche,    ritenuto    che, 

stante  che.     2.   —  in  reality, 

mentre     veramente,    mentre 

invece.  3.  considerando. 
Whereat ;  al  che,  su  di  che. 
Whereby ;  per  il  quale,  pel 

qual    mezzo,    per    mezzo    di 

cui. 
Wherefore ;      perci6,     quindi, 

onde,  il  perche. 
Wherein;   i.  in  che,  nel  quale. 

2.  in  che  cosa  ?  dove  ? 
Whereof;  del  quale,  di  cui. 
Whereon ;  sul  quale,  sopra  di 

che. 
Wheresoever ;    in    qualunque 

luogo  o  posto,  dovunque. 
Whereto ;  al  quale. 
Whereupon  ;  sul  quale,  su  cui, 

su  cio. 
Wherever ;     dovunque,    dove 

che  sia. 
Wherewith ;     con    che,    con 

quale,  con  cui. 
Wherewithal;  i.  con  cui.     2. 

the  — ,  i  mezzi. 
Wherry;  barchetta. 
Whet;     i.    affilare,    aguzzare, 

stimolare.     2.   stimolo. 
Whether;  se,  sia  che,  che. 
Whetstone ;  cote. 
Whew  !  suono  del  fischiare. 
Whey;  siero. 
\Which  ;  quale,  che. 


Whichever;  chiunque,  qualun- 
quc,  qualsisia.  -  is  least 
trouble,  quello  che  dia  meno 
disturbo. 

Whiff;  soffio,  alito. 

Whig ;  mezzo  democratico. 

While;  i.  mentre.  2.  In  a 
little  — ,  fra  poco  ;  A  good 
—  ago,  lungo  tempo  fa;  It 
is  a  good  —  since  I  was  here, 
e  gia  lungo  tempo  che  non 
sono  stato  qui ;  All  this  — , 
per  tutto  questo  tempo. 

Whim ;  capriccio,  ghiribizzo. 

Whimbrel ;  chiurletto. 

Whimper ;  piagnucolare. 

Whimsical ;  ghiribizzoso,  biz- 
zarro. 

Whin  ;  ginestrone  di  Olanda. 

Whinchat ;  stiaccino. 

Whine;  i.gemito.  2.mugolare. 

Whinny;  nitrire. 

Whip;  i.  frusta,  sferza.  2.  or- 
ganizzatore  di  partito,  chi  fa 
valere  la  disciplina  politica. 
3.  (mar.)  ghia.  4.  frustare, 
sferzare.  5.  sbattere.  6.  — 
on,  mettere  (vestiti)  in  frelta. 
7.  —  off,  (a)  spogliarsi  fretto- 
losamente  di,  (i>)  arraffare, 
levare  (in  fretta).  8.  —  up, 
fare  radunarsi,  raccogliere. 

Whipcord  ;  corda  da  frusta. 

Whip-hand ;  superiorita. 

\Vhipper-in ;  capocaccia. 

Whippersnapper ;  monello, 
povero  diavolo. 

Whipping-post ;  palo  da  fru- 
sta. 

Whipping-top;  paleo. 

Whir;  i.  frullio.  2.  frullare, 
starnazzare. 

Whirl ;  girare,  far  girare.  My 
head  is  in  a  — ,  mi  gira  la 
testa. 

Whirligig;  girandola. 

Whirlpool;  mulinello. 

Whisk ;  spolveracciolo,  grana- 
tino. 

Whisk  off ;  levare  lestamente. 

Whiskers ;  fedine,  baffi  (di 
gatto). 

Whisky;  uischio. 

Whisper;  i.  bisbiglio,  sussurro. 
2.  bisbigliare,  sussurrare. 

Whispering  gallery;  galleria 
acustica. 

Whist;  i.  sorta  di  giuoco.  2. 
zitto  ! 

Whistle ;  i.  fischio,  zufolio. 
2.  fischiare,  zufolare. 

Whit ;  ette,  acca.  Not  a  — , 
niente  artatto. 

White;  j.  bianco.  2.  chiara 
d'  ovo ;  (if  boiled)  bianco. 

White-bait;  parazzo,pesciolini. 

Whitebeam ;  sorbo  alpino. 

White-clover;  trifoglio  bianco. 

White-footed;  balzano. 

White -heart  cherry;  ciliegia 
corniola. 

White  heat ;  incandescenza. 

White  lead ;  cerussa,  biacca  di 
piombo. 

White  leg ;  flemmasia  bianca 
dolorosa. 

White-livered;  vigliacco. 

Whiten;  i.  imbiancare.  2. 
imbianchire. 

Whiteness ;  bianchezza. 


WHITENING— WITTENBERG 


CXXXlll 


Whitening;  bianco,  calce  (d;i 

imbiancare). 

White  pine  ;  pino  bianco. 
Whitesmith ;  stagnaio. 
Whitethorn;   Ijiancospino. 
Whitethroat ;  sterpazzola. 
Whitewash;    i.    calce  da  im- 
biancare.   2.  imbiancare.    3. 

riabilitare    dopo    la    banca- 

rotta. 

Whither;  dove. 
Whithersoever;  in  qualunque 

luogo. 

Whiting;  merlango. 
Whitish ;  biancastro. 
Whitlow;  panereccio. 
Whitsunday;  pentecoste. 
Whitsuntide ;    stagione   della 

pentecoste. 
Whittle;  tagliuzzare.   — down, 

scemare,  diminuire. 
Whitybrown ;    bruno  pallido. 
paper,     carta     marrone 

chiara. 

Whiz ;  sibilare,  fischiare. 
Who;  chi,  che,  il  quale. 
Whole;  i.  intero.  2.  1'  in- 

sieme. 
Whole    length ;    (ritratto)    di 

tutta  la  figura. 
Wholesale ;  all'  ingrosso. 
Wholesome ;  salutare,  sano. 
Wholly;  interamente. 
Whoop;   i.  urlo.     2.  urlare. 
Whooping-cough  ;    tosse  ca- 

nina. 

Whopper;  v.  Whacker. 
Whortleberry  ;  mirtillo,  bac- 

ciole. 

Whose ;  cui,  di  chi. 
Whosoever;  chiunque. 
Why;    i.   perche.     2.  ma,  eb- 

bene. 
Wick;  stoppino,  lucignolo,  ani- 

ma  (di  candela). 
Wicked  ;  tristo,  malvagio,  cat- 

tivo. 

Wicker;  vinco,  vimine. 
Wicket;    j.    sportello.      2.    al 

giuoco    di    cricket^    tre    pali 

alti  quasi  un  metro  piantati 

insieme  nella  terra. 
Wide ;    largo.       Far    and    — , 

dappertutto,  da  ogni  banda. 

Throw  —  open,  spalancare. 
Widen ;  allargare. 
Widgeon;  fischione. 
Widow;    i.  vedova.     2.  vedo- 

vare. 

Widower;  vedovo. 
Widowhood ;  vedovanza. 
Width ;  larghezza. 
Wield ;  maneggiare. 
Wife ;  moglie,  sposa. 
Wig;  parrucca. 
Wight ;  essere,  creatura. 
Wigwam  ;  capanna  Indiana. 
Wild  ;    i .    selvaggio,  selvatico, 

incolto.     i.  furioso,  disordi- 

nato,    incoerente.      3.    tern- 

pestoso.     4.    Run  — ,  vaga- 

fxjiidare.     5.    Sow  one's  — 

oats,  correr  la  cavallina.     6. 

—  shot,  tiro  disperato. 
Wild  beast ;  fiera. 
Wilderness;    deserto,    solitu- 

illii*:. 

^Wildnre ;  fuoco  greco. 
Wild-goose    chase ;    impresa 

senza  pro,  impresa  folle. 


Wildly;  insensatamente,  inco- 
erentemente,  senza  pensare. 

Wile;  i.  furberia.  2.  — away, 
far  passare. 

Wilful;  i.  caparbio,  testardo. 
2.  fatloapposta, premeditate. 

Wilfulness ;  caparbieta.  Out 
of  — ,  apposta,  per  mera  per- 
versita. 

Will;  i.  volonta,  volere,  pia- 
cere ;  Free  — ,  libero  ar- 
bitrio ;  Good  — ,  benevo- 
lenza  ;  III  — ,  malevolenza ; 
Bear  ill  —  to,  voler  male  a  ; 
Against  one's  — ,  malvolen- 
tieri ;  At  — ,  a  piacere.  2. 
testamento.  3.  Whether  he 

—  or   no,  buon   grado  mal 
grado.      4.     Rappresenta    il 
futuro ;    alia   prima   persona 
imliai  la  volonta,  una  pro- 
messa  oppure  una  minaccia  ; 
con     le    due    altre    persone 
esprime  una  semplice  affer- 
mazione. 

Willing;  pronto,  disposto,com- 

piacente,  di  buona  volonta. 
Willingly;  volontieri. 
Willingness  ;       compiacenza, 

consenso,     buona      volonta, 

premura,  prontezza. 
Will  o'  the  wisp ;  fuoco  fatuo. 
Willow ;  salcio. 
Willow-bed ;  salceto. 
Willow-herb  ;  salcerella. 
Wilted ;  avvizzito. 
Wily ;  furbo,  scaltro. 
Wimble ;  foratoio. 
Wimple;  soggolo. 
Win ;    i.   guadagnare,  vincere, 

cattivarsi.    i.  vincita.     3.  — 

back,  riacquistare. 
Wince ;    trasalire  (da   dolore). 

—  under,    esser   punto    da, 
sentirsi  trafitto  da. 

Winch ;  manovella,  verricel- 
lo. 

Wind;  i.  vento.  i.  suonare 
(corno).  3.  avvolgere,  at- 
torcigliare,  annaspare.  4.  — 
up,  (a)  caricare,  (A)  finire, 
conchiudere,  (c)  accomodare. 
j.  In  the  — 's  eye,  contro- 
vento. 

Windage;  i.  vento  (spazio  tra 
la  palla  e  la  canna).  2.  for- 
za  del  vento  fuorviando  il 
tiro. 

Windbag ;  parlatore  vano. 

Windbound;  trattenuto  da 
venti  contrarii. 

Wind-egg ;  ovo  imperfetto, 
non  fertilizzato. 

Winder;  arcolaio. 

Windfall ;  i.  frutto  abbattuto 
dal  vento.  2.  bazza,  guada- 
gno  inaspettato. 

Windgall ;  corba,  cornetta, 
schienella. 

Wind-gauge ;  anemometro. 

Windiness;  ventosita. 

Winding ;  sinuoso,  serpeggi- 
ante.  —  stairs,  scala  a 
chiocciola. 

Windlass ;  argano. 

Windmill;  mulino  a  vento. 

Window;  i.  finestra.  2.  spor- 
tello. 3.  Double  — ,  con- 
trimpannata,  controfinestra, 
finestra  a  controvetrata. 


Window-blind ;     cortina    da 

finestra. 
Window-curtain  ;  tenda  alla- 

to  alia  finestra. 
Window-fastener ;  nottolino, 

spagnoletta,  gancio. 
Window-opening;  vano  della 

finestra. 

Window-pane  ;  vetro  di  fine- 
stra. 
Window-seat ;  sedile  sotto  la 

finestra. 

Window-sill;  davanzale. 
Window-strap  ;  cinghia  della 

finestra. 
Windpipe ;  asperarteria,  canna 

dei  polmoni. 
Windrow ;  stergaio. 
Windsail ;   manica,  o  tromba, 

di  vento. 
Windsor  chair;  seggiola  tutto 

di  legno. 

Windward ;  a  sopravvento. 
Windy;  ventoso. 
Wine ;   vino.     Light  — ,  vino 

leggiero.      Dinner   — ,    vino 

da  pasto.     Dessert  — ,  vino 

scelto. 

Wine-bibber;  beone. 
Wine-bin  ;  palco  da  vino. 
Wine-bottle ;      fiasco,     botti- 

glia. 

Wine-cellar;  cantina. 
Wine-cooler;  vaso  refrigeran- 

te,  secchio  refrigerante. 
Wine-country ;     paese   vini- 

colo. 
Wine-glass ;      bicchiere      da 

vino. 

Wine-grower;  viticoltore. 
Wine-list ;  lista,  distinta,  dei 

vini. 
Wine-merchant;  mercante  di 

vino. 

Wine-press ;  torchio. 
Wine-shop ;  bettola. 
Wine-skin ;  otre. 
Wing ;  i .  ala ;  Take  — ,  volare. 

2.   —  one's  way,  dirigere  il 

volo.     3.   ferire  nell'  ala. 
Wing-case ;  elitra. 
Winged ;  alato. 
Wingless ;  senza  all. 
Wink ;   i .  batter  d'  occhio,  cen- 

no,  ammicco,  occhiata;  Forty 

— s,  sonnellino.     2.  batter  le 

palpebre.     3.    strizzar  1'  oc- 
chio (per  cenno).     4.  —  at, 

chiuder  un  occhio  a. 
Winner;  vincitore. 
Winning ;    simpatico,    alletta- 

tivo. 

Winnings  ;  vincite. 
Winnow ;  spagliare,  sventare. 
Winsome ;  amabile. 
Winter;   i.  inverno.     2.  inver- 

nale.     3.  svernare. 
Winter-aconite;  pie  di  gallo. 
Winter-cherry;  ciliegine. 
Winter-heliotrope ;   tossilag- 

gine  odoroso  d'  inverno. 
Wintry;  d'  inverno,  gelato. 
Winy  ;  che  sa  di  vino. 
Wipe;    i.  strofinata.      2.  (ger- 

go)  (a)  fazzoletto,  (b)  colpo. 

3.    nettare,    pulire,    forbire, 

strofinare  ;    —    one's    nose, 

smocciars;  '.'  naso.    4.  —  out, 

cancellare. 
Wiper;  slrofinaccio. 


Wire;    i.   filo.    2.   laccio.     3. 

telegramma.      4.    assicurare 

con  filo  di  ferro.     5.  prender 

al  laccio  (di  til  di  ferro). 
Wiredraw;  trafilare. 
Wire-gauze;  lela  metallica. 
Wire-netting;    rete  di  fit  di 

ferro. 

Wireinippers;  tronchetto. 
Wire-puller;  mestatore  politi- 
co, raggiratore. 
Wire-pulling ;    maneggio    se- 

greto,  raggiri. 
Wire-rope ;     fune     di    fil    di 

ferro. 
Wire-work;   lavori   di   fili   di 

ferro. 

Wiry ;  secco  e  nerboruto. 
Wisdom ;  saggezza,  sapienza. 
Wisdom-tooth;  dentedelgiu- 

dizio. 
Wise;  i.  savio,  sensato,  avve- 

duto,    accorto.       2.     modo, 

guisa. 
Wiseacre;  saccente,  scioccone 

che  si  crede  abile. 
Wish;   i.  voglia,  desiderio,  bra- 
ma.     2.    volere,  desiderare, 

bramare.     3.  augurare. 
Wisher;   Well  — ,  buon  anii- 

co. 

Wishful ;  desideroso,  bramoso. 
Wishy-washy;  debole,  pove- 

ro,  come  la  sciacquatura. 
Wisp ;  strofinaccio  di  paglia. 
Wistful ;    pensoso,    cogitabon- 

do,    con    aria   di    chi    desi- 

dera. 
Wit;    i.   spirito,  umore,  inge- 

gno;   To  live  by  one's  — s, 

vivere  sull'  ingegno.     2.  To 

— ,  cioe. 
Witch ;  strega. 
Witchcraft ;  stregoneria,  sorti- 

legio. 
Witchery ;   fascino,    incantesi- 

mo. 
With;  i.  con,  da,  presso.     i. 

contro. 

Withal ;  per  soprappiu,  oltre. 
Withdraw ;  ritirare,  ritrarre, 

richiamare. 

Withdrawal;  ritiro,  rinunzia. 
Wither;  avvizzire,  appassire. 
Withered ;  vizzo,  appassito, 

disseccato. 
Withering ;  in  modo  fulminan- 

te,  sprezzante,  schiacciante. 
Withers;  garrese. 
Withhold;  ritenere.trattenere, 

non  dare,  rifiutare. 
Within;     i.    dentro ;    —  ten 

days,  in  meno  di  dieci  giorni. 

2.  interiormente.    3.  —  and 

without,  per   entro   e   fuori. 

4.  -—   reach,   alia    portata. 

5.  in  casa. 

Without;  i.  senza.  2.  fuori, 
esteriormente,  al  di  fuori. 

Withstand ;  resistere  a,  reg- 
gere  a,  opporsi  a. 

Withy ;  vimine,  vinciglio,  ri- 
torta. 

Witless;  sciocco. 

Witling;  saccentuzzo. 

Witness;  i.  testimonio.  i. 
testimonianza.  3.  far  testi- 
monianza.  4.  vedere,  assi- 
stere  a. 

Wittenberg;  Vittemburga. 


CXXX1V 


WITTICISM— WURTEMBERG 


Witticism ;  frizzo.  Spiteful 
— ,  arguta  maldicenza. 

Witty;  spiritoso,  arguto,  umo- 
ristico,  ingegnoso. 

Wizard ;  mago,  stregone. 

Woad;  guado. 

Wobble ;  tentennare,  vacillate, 
andare  ora  da  questa  parte 
ota.  da  quella. 

Wobbling ;  tentennone. 

^A/oe ;  guaio. 

Woebegone  ;  addoloratissimo. 

Woeful ;  Iriste,  infelice,  inisera- 
bile. 

Wolf;   i.   lupo.     i.  divorare. 

Wolf-hound  ;  cane  da  lupo. 

Wolfsbane;  aconito. 

Wolverene ;  ghiottone,  volve- 
rena. 

Woman ;  donna,  femmina. 

Womanhood ;  stato  o  eta  di 
donna. 

Womanish;  effeminato. 

Womanlike;  femmineo. 

Womanly ;  da  donna. 

Womb;  seno,  matrice. 

Wonder;  i.  meraviglia.  2. 
cosa  meravigliosa,  prodigio. 
3.  meravigliarsi.  4.  doman- 
dare  a  se  stesso. 

Wonderful ;  meraviglioso. 

Wonderingly ;  con  aria  stupe- 
fatta. 

Wonderment ;  stupore. 

Wont;  r.  abitudine,  uso.  2.  Be 
— ,  usare,  esser  solito. 

Wonted;  solito. 

Woo ;  corteggiare,  far  la  corte  a. 

Wood;   i.  legno.     2.  bosco. 

Wood  anemone ;  anemone 
de'  boschi. 

Woodbine ;  caprifoglio. 

Wood-carver;  scultore  in  le- 
gno. 

Woodchuck ;  marmotta  ameri- 
cana. 

Woodcock;  beccaccia. 

Woodcut ;  intaglio  in  legno. 

Woodcutter;  taglialegna. 

Wooded;  boscato. 

Wooden ;  di  legno. 

Wood-engraver ;  incisore  in 
legno. 

Woodland ;  terreno  boscoso. 

Wood-lark;  tottavilla. 

Wood-louse;  porcellino  di  ter- 
ra, onisco. 

Woodman;  boscaiolo. 

Wood-nymph;  ninfa  de' bo- 
schi. 

Woodpecker;  picchio. 

Wood-reeve  jguardiaforestale. 

Woodruff;  asperella. 

Wood-sorrel ;   acetosella. 

Wood-stack;  catasta. 

Wood-turner;  tornitore  in  le- 
gno. 

Woodwork;  intavolato. 

Woody;  legnoso. 

Wood -yard;  legnaia. 

Wooer;  corteggiatore. 

Woof;  trama,  tessitura. 

Wool;  lana. 

Wool-carder;  scardassiere. 

Woold;  fasciare. 

Wool-gathering ;  1'  almanac- 
care,  sbadataggine. 

Wool-grower;  allevatore delle 
bestie  da  lana. 

Woollen ;  di  lana. 


Woollen-draper;  pannaiolo. 

Woolly;  lanoso. 

Word;  i.  parola,  voce,  terminc; 
Ugly  — ,  parolaccia.  2.  pro- 
messa.  3.  avviso.  4.  — of 
command,  parola  d'  ordine. 
5.  (theol.)  Verbo.  6.  By  — 
of  mouth,  di  bocca.  7.  Send 
— ,  mandate  a  dire. 

Wordy  ;  verboso,  di  parole. 

Work;    i.    lavoro.     2.    opera; 

—  of  art,  opera  d'  atte.     3. 
effetto.    4.  ricamo,  lavoto  di 
bianchetia;  1  have  mislaid  my 
— ,  ho  smatrito  il  mio  lavoto. 

5.  lavorare,  fare,  far  na- 
scete.  6.  —  down,  ridurre. 
7.  —  in,  insinuate,  fat  en- 
ttare,  introdutre.  8.  —  host, 
ptendet  giuoco.  9.  —  off, 
(a)  liberarsi  (dall'  intitizzi- 
mento)  coll'  esercizio,  (b)  pa- 
gare  lavorando.  10.  —  out, 
(a)  effettuare ;  It  — s  out  like 
this,  il  risultato  sara  questo  ; 
(//)  calculate  ;  —  it  out,  fare 
il  calcolo  telativo ;  How  do 
you  —  that  out  ?  Come  atri- 
vate  a  quel  risultato?  (/) 
esaurire  (miniera) ;  (af)  — 
one's  passage  out,  procurarsi 
il  passaggio  lavorando.  11. 

—  up,  (a)  eccitare,  stimolare, 
(6)  mescolare ;  —  up  into  a 
paste,  impastare. 

Workable;  pratic-o,  -abile. 
Work-bag ;  sacco  da  lavoro. 
Work-box ;  astuccio  da  lavoro. 
Worker;  lavorante.    Be  a  good 

— ,  lavotar  bene. 
Workhouse;  asilo  degl'  indi- 

genti. 
Working ;  operazione,  modo  di 

operare. 
Working  capital;  capitale  non 

fondiario,  di  gestione. 
Working-classes;  classi  ope- 

raie. 
Working   clothes ;    vestiti  da 

lavoro. 
Working  committee;  comita- 

to  esecutivo. 
Working-day;  giornodi  lavoro, 

giorno  lavorativo. 
Working-expenses ;  spese  di 

gestione  o  giornalieri. 
Working-hours ;  ore  di  lavoro. 
Working-man ;  operaio. 
Working-partner ;  socio  d'  in- 

dusttia. 

Workman;  operaio,  lavorante. 
Workmanlike ;  ben  fatto. 
Workmanship ;  fattura,  mano 

d'  opera.     Foot  piece  of  — , 

opeia  mal  fatta. 
Works ;  fabbrica. 
Workshop;  officina. 
World ;  mondo.     Begin  the  — • 

again,  farsi  catrieta  nuova. 
Worldly;  mondano, diquaggiu. 
World-wide ;  sparso  per  tutto 

il  mondo. 
Worm ;     i.    verme,    lombrico, 

elminte.    2.  chiocciola  (d'  una 

vite).       3.    —   out   the  true 

state  of  the  case,  cavare  il 

veto  a  chi  non  lo  vuol  con- 

fessate.     4.    —  oneself  into 

the  confidence  of,  insinuarsi 

nella  confidenza  di. 


Worm-eaten ;  bncato,  tarlato. 

Wotm-powder;  polvere  ver- 
mifuga. 

Wormwood;  assenzio. 

Worry;  i.  noia,  impiccerello, 
seccatura.  2.  tormentare. 
3.  sbranare. 

Worse ;  peggio,  indecl.,  some- 
times peggiore.  I  have  got 
people  out  of  —  difficulties, 
ho  cavato  altti  da  peggio 
imbrogli.  Be  —  off,  stat 
peggio.  Gtow  — ,  peggionu  c. 
So  much  the  — ,  tanto  peggio. 
Taking  the  —  supposition  of 
the  two,  nella  peggiore  ipo- 
tesi. 

Worship;  i.  Your  — ,  vostra 
eccellenza.  2.  culto.  3. 
adotare. 

Worshipful ;  onorevole. 

Worst ;  i .  peggio,  sometimes 
peggiore  ;  Of  the  —  kind, 
della  peggiore  specie ;  If  the 

—  comes  to  the  — ,  alia  peg- 
gio,   nel   peggior   caso.      t. 
vincere,  sconfiggere,  sopraf- 
fare. 

Worsted  ;  di  lana. 

\Vort ;  mosto,  birra  nuova. 

Worth  ;  i.  merito,  pregio,  va- 
lore.  2.  vendibile  per,  del 
valore  di.  3.  meritevole  o 
degno  di.  4.  che  ha  fondi 
del  valore  di;  Be  —  a  million, 
possedere  un  milione.  =.  Be 

—  while,  valere  la  pena,  tor- 
nat  conto ;  It  is  well  —  doing, 
veramente   vale   la   pena   di 
farlo.    6.  Be  —  nothing,  non 
valere  niente ;   Be  —  some- 
thing, avere  un  certo  valore. 
7.  It  is  not  —  speaking  of, 
non    vale    la    pena   di   par- 
larne. 

Worthless;    i.    senza   valore, 

senza  merito.     2.  ttisto,  vile, 

spregevole. 

Worthy;   i.  degno.     2.  merite- 
vole.    3.  uomo  illustre. 
Would ;    volere.     —  to   God, 

volesse  Dio. 
Would-be;  sedicente,  che  vor- 

rebbe  essere. 

Wound;   i.  ferita.     2.  ferire. 
Woundwort ;  erba  di  San  Fie- 

tro. 

Wrack;  rifiuti  del  mare. 
Wraith ;  spettro. 
Wrangle;   i.  rissa.     2.  rissate, 

contrastarsi. 
Wrap ;  avvolgere,  involgere,  in- 

viluppare. 
Wrapper ;    involto,  fascia,  co- 

pertina,  accappatoio,  tela  o 

carta  da  involto. 
Wrasse;  labbro. 
Wrath ;  stizza,  sdegno. 
Wrathful ;  incollerito. 
Wreak  vengeance  upon ;  \  en- 

dicarsi  su. 

Wreath ;  ghirlanda. 
Wreathe ;    intrecciate,   inghir- 

landare. 
Wreck;     i.    naufragio,    basti- 

mento  naufragato.      2.    rovi- 

na.       3.     naufragare,    rovi- 

nare. 
Wren  ;  te  di  macchia,  scriccio- 

lo,  regolo,  tiorrancino. 


Wrench;  i.  madrevite.  2. 
strappo,  strappamento,  stor- 
sione.  3.  stotcere.  4.  sttap- 
pate.  5.  svisate,  snalutare. 

Wrest;  v.  Wrench,  (3)  to  (5). 
Saw  — ,  licciaiola. 

Wrestle;  lottare. 

Wrestling ;  lotta. 

Wretch ;  sgraziato,  sciagurato, 
miserabile. 

Wretchedness ;  miseria. 

Wriggle  ;  divincolarsi,  dimen- 
arsi.  —  out  of  one's  en- 
gagements, liberaisi  dai  pro- 
pri  impegni  con  mezzi  poco 
leali. 

Wring;    i.   torcere,  attorcere ; 

—  one's   hands,   totcersi   le 
mani.      2.    —   from,    strap- 
pare  da,  forzare  a  confessare. 
3.  —  out,  strizzare. 

Wrinkle;  i.  ruga,  grinza.  2. 
piega,  crespa.  3.  nozione  o 
avviso  utile.  4.  aggrinzare. 
5.  spiegazzare. 

Wrist;  polso.  Sprain  one's — , 
slogarsi  il  polso. 

Wrist-band ;  polsino,  mani- 
chino. 

Wrist -joint ;  gluntura  della 
mano. 

Writ;  citazione,  esecutoria. 

Write  ;  scrivere.  —  l>ack,  ri- 
scrivere. 

Writer;  scrittore. 

Writhe ;  torcersi,  scontorcersi. 

Writing ;  scrittura. 

Writing-case;  cartellacoll' oc- 
corrente  per  scrivere. 

Writing-desk;  scrivania,  scrit- 
toio. 

Writing-pad;  cartella  per  scri- 
vere. 

Writing-paper;  carta  da  scri- 
vere. 

Writing-table;  tavola  da  scri- 
vere. 

Wrong;  i.  torto,  danno,  in- 
giuria.  2.  Right  and  — ,  il 
bene  e  il  male.  3.  cattivo, 
non  equo.  4.  inesatto,  im- 
proprio ;  The  —  book,  un 
libro  che  non  si  desiderava, 
un  altro  libro  ;  I  got  into  the 

—  train,  ho  sbagliato  treno ; 
I  took  a  —  road,  pigliai  la 
strada  falsa ;    It   was  in  the 

—  place,    non    era    al    suo 
posto ;  You  have  applied  to 
the  —  man,  vi  siete  rivolto 
male.     5.  far  torto  a,  essere 
ingiusto    con.      6.    Go    — , 
(a)  sbagliarsi,  (b)  incattivire. 
7.  Set  — ,  metier  come  non 
si  doveva,  aggiustar  male. 

Wrong-doer ;  commettimale. 

Wrong-doing;  il  mal  fare. 

Wrongful ;  ingiusto,  iniquo. 

Wrongfully ;  a  torto,  per  mez- 
zi iniqui. 

Wrongheaded ;  perverse,  mal- 
vagio,  caparbio. 

Wrongly;   a  torto.     As  I  - 
thought,  come  credevo  falsa- 
mente. 

Wroth ;  incollerito. 

Wrought-iron;  fetro  lavorato. 

Wry;  contorto. 

Wryneck;  torcicollo. 

Wurtemberg ;  Virtemberga. 


XEBEC— ZYMOTIC 


cxxxv 


X 


Xebec ;  zambecco. 


Yacht ;  yacht. 

Yachting ;  lo  sport  con  gli 
yacht. 

Yaffle ;  picchio  verde. 

Yak;  yak. 

Yam ;  ignamo,  dioscorea. 

Yap ;  guaire. 

Yard;  i.  cortile.  2.  iarda.  3. 
antenna,  pennone.  4.  nervo. 

Yard-arm ;  varea  di  penno- 
ne. 

Yarn;  i.  filo.  j.  conto,  sto- 
riella. 

Yarrow ;  millefoglie. 

Yataghan ;  iatagan. 

Yaw ;  guizzare,  prendere  straor- 
zate. 

Yawl ;  iola. 

Yawn  ;  i.  sbadiglio.  2.  sbadi- 
gliare.  3.  spalancarsi. 


Year;  i.  anno;  Every — , d' an- 
no in  anno  ;  Every  third  — , 
ogni  tre  anni ;  New  — ,  capo 
d'  anno.  2.  annata. 

Year-book;  annuario. 

Yearling;  di  un  anno. 

Yearly;  i.  annuale.  2.  annu- 
almente. 

Yearn ;  agognare,  struggersi  di, 
spasiinare  per,  sospirare  per. 

Yeast ;  lievito. 

Yell;  urlare,  strillare. 

Yellow;  giallo. 

Yellow  deadnettle  ;  ortica  gi- 
alla. 

Yellow-hammer;  zigologiallo. 

Yellowish;  giallastro. 

Yelp ;  guaire,  latrare. 

Yeoman ;  contadino  proprie- 
tario. 


Yeomanry ;  corpo  volontario 
di  cavalleria. 

Yes;  si. 

Yesterday;  ieri.  — morning, 
ieri  alia  mattina.  —  after- 
noon, ieri  nel  pomeriggio. 
—  evening,  ieri  sera.  — 
week,  otto  giorni  sono.  The 
day  before  — ,  ier  1'  altro. 

Yet ;  ancora,  tuttora,  anche, 
pure,  nondimeno,  nullaclime- 
no,  pero,  tuttavia.  As  — , 
per  anco. 

Yew ;  tasso.  Irish  — ,  tasso 
d'  Manila. 

Yield;  i.  rendita,  prodotto. 
2.  rendere,  produrre.  3. 
cedere,  soccombere.  4.  ac- 
consentire. 

Yielding;  cedevole. 


Yoke;    i.  giogo.     2.  paio.     3. 

aggiogare. 

Yokel;  villano,  villanzone. 
Yolk;  torlo. 

Yonder;   i.  quello.     2.  di  la. 
Yore ;  Of  — ,  altre  volte,  anti- 

camente. 
Yorkshire  fog ;  sagginella  sel- 

vatica. 

You ;  voi,  voialtri. 
Young;  i.  giovane.    2.  sb.pl. 

piccoli.      3.    —  fellow,  gio- 

vinotto. 

Younger ;  minore  (d'  eta). 
Youngest ;  il  piii  giovane. 
Youngster;  giovinotto. 
Your;  vostro. 
Yourself;  voi  stesso. 
Youth ;  gioventu,  giovanezza. 
Yule;  Natale. 


Zante ;  Zacinto. 
Zany ;  zanni. 
Zeal ;  zelo. 
Zealot ;  zelante. 
Zealous;  zelante. 
Zebra ;  id. 


Zebu;  id. 
Zenith  ;  zenit. 
Zephyr;  zeffiro. 
Zero ;  id. 

Zest ;  gusto,  piacere.     Give  — 
to,  accrescere  il  piacere  del. 


Zigzag;    i.  a  zig-zag. 

dare  a  zig-zag. 
Zinc ;  zinco. 
Zither;  cetra. 
Zodiac;  id. 
Zone ;  zona,  cintura. 


2.  an-       Zoofite  ;  id. 

Zoological ;  zoologico. 
Zouave ;  zuavo. 
Zounds ;  capperi ! 
Zurich ;  Zurigo. 
Zymotic ;  zimotico. 


dambritogr : 

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AT   THE   UNIVERSITY    PRESS 


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