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JAPAN 
CHRISTIAN 
"EAR  BOOK 


1964 


THE  LIBRARY 

of 

VICTORIA  UNIVERSITY 
Toronto 


day 


PLUS  OUTREACH  STATIONS  IN  TEN 
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1965 


Introducing 
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ERRATA 


Page 

Line 

Correction 

ii 

7 

publication 

iv 

26 

missionaries 

xii 

13 

Kenneth 

xiii 

1 

Evangelical 

xiv 

4 

Christian  Literature 

„ 

5 

Concordia 

„ 

7 

Crusade 

„ 

11 

Christ 

„ 

17 

Christ 

„ 

20 

INSTITUTIONS 

XV 

4 

Kobe 

„ 

9 

Meiji 

„ 

34 

Educational  .  .  .  Project 

xvi 

4 

PUBLISHERS 

f, 

5 

Shimbun 

„ 

9 

NEWSPAPERS 

„ 

11 

BOOKSTORES 

„ 

14 

PRINTERS 

„ 

15 

PRINTING 

ff 

17 

PRINTING 

„ 

18 

BANKS 

„ 

20 

City 

xvii 

4 

MISCELLANEOUS 

15 

14 

government 

72 

6 

Pentecostal 

75 

20 

in 

136 

28 

United 

171 

27 

Christian 

238 

20 

Interdenominational 

242 

26 

Karuizawa 

257 

11 

Philippines 

315-349 

Right  hand  page  heading 

SCHOOLS 

351-353 

// 

OTHER  ORGANIZATIONS 

352 

28.29 

Keswick 

415 

3 

Chairman 

i 

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THE  JAPAN 

CHRISTIAN  YEARBOOK 

1964 

• 

I3UKAMMJ 
A  Survey  of 

The  Christian  Movement  in  Japan 
During  1963 

Editor  in  Chief 
Gordon  K.  Chapman 


THE  CHRISTIAN  LITERATURE  SOCIETY 

OF  JAPAN 

(KYO  BUN  KWAN) 

CHRISTIAN  CENTER 

2,  GINZA  4-CHOME,  CHUO-KU 

TOKYO,  JAPAN 


Forei>m  Sales  :  Friendship  Press 

475   Riverside  Dr.,  New  York    10027,  N.  Y. 


The    Japan    Christian    Yearbook 

for  1964  is  a  continuation  of 
the  Japan  Mission  Yearbook  and 
is  the  also  the  sixty  second  issue 
of  the  Christian  Movement  in 
Japan 

EMMANUEL 

EDITORIAL  COMMITTEE 

Chuzo  Yamada,  Chairman 
Shiro   Aoyama  Gordon  K.  Chapman 

Raymond  Hammer  Ryozo  Hara 

Yoshio  lizaka  Alden  Matthews 

Tomio  Muto  Robert  Northup 

Norman  Nuding  Atsushi  Sasaki 


The   Japan   Christian    Yearbook 

is  published  under  the  auspices 
of  the  National  Christian  Council 
of  Japan 


Christian  Center,  2,  Ginza  4-chome, 
Chuo-ku,  Tokyo         Tel.  :  561-8446 


PREFACE 


For  more  than  sixty  years  the  Japan  Christian 
Yearbook  and  its  predecessor,  the  Christian  Move 
ment  in  Japan,  have  furnished  annual  reports  of  the 
progress  of  Christianity  in  Japan.  To  a  very  large 
degree  these  volumes  have  been  ecumenical  in  scope 
and  thus  inclusive  of  the  concern  of  all  denominations, 
missions  and  other  Christian  agencies.  Though  the 
aim  has  always  been  to  provide  comprehensive  and 
objective  treatment  of  the  various  phases  of  the  Gospel 
enterprise  in  Japan,  in  more  recent  years  the  material 
has  become  somewhat  limited  in  scope.  In  fact 
limitations  of  space  due  to  rising  costs  of  publication, 
have  precluded  an  adequate  treatment  of  some  of  the 
most  important  phases  of  the  Christian  movement. 
With  this  and  other  important  considerations  in  mind, 
the  editorial  staff  has  prepared  a  Yearbook  for  1964 
which  covers  all  types  of  work  and  includes  certain 
features  which  have  not  been  found  in  the  more 
recent  issues.  This  enlarged  scope  and  increased 
cost  of  production  have  necessitated  an  increase  in 
the  price  from  ¥500  to  ¥800  per  copy.  It  is  hoped 
that  the  1964  volume  will  merit  the  cordial  support 
of  all  missionaries,  mission  boards,  and  other  Christian 
agencies  throughout  the  world  and  thereby  avoid 
further  price  increases. 

As  the  list  of  contributors  reveals,  a  large  number 
of  individuals,  representing  a  wide  range  of  Christian 
concern,  have  contributed  their  services  to  the  pre 
paration  of  the  1964  Yearbook.  Without  their  de 
dicated  interest  and  help  the  prompt  publication  of  the 
present  volume  would  have  been  quite  impossible. 


It  is  with  heartfelt  appreciation,  therefore,  that  the 
editor  acknowledges  his  debt  of  gratitude  to  all  who 
have  helped  in  any  way  to  forward  this  rather  arduous 
task.  Section  editors  and  writers,  not  to  mention 
the  compilers  of  directories,  have  put  a  great  deal 
of  time  and  effort  into  gathering  material  and  preparing 
it  for  pbublication.  We  trust  that  the  results  of 
their  labors,  as  they  appear  in  this  volume,  will  be 
fully  appreciated  by  the  readers  and  be  greatly  con 
ducive  to  the  furtherance  of  the  cause  of  Christ  in 
Japan.  Wherein  any  faults  are  apparent  may  it  be 
remembered  "that  a  need  seen  is  a  call  to  prayer." 

Except  where  otherwise  indicated,  the  respective 
writers  of  the  articles  are  alone  responsible  for  the 
views  expressed.  Their  opinions  doubtless  represent 
earnest  convictions  and  as  such  are  worthy  of  expres 
sion.  It  will  doubtless  be  noted  that  this  issue  con 
tains  some  reference  to  non-Christian  or  quasi-Christian 
groups.  It  should  be  clearly  understood  that  this 
is  solely  by  way  of  record  and  in  no  sense  an  endorse 
ment  of  views  which  are  an  aberration  from  the 
verities  of  the  Christian  faith. 

In  order  to  facilitate  ready  reference,  the  usual 
Report  section  has  been  eliminated  and  the  material 
incorporated  in  the  relevant  articles.  These  have  been 
arranged  in  four  major  sections,  with  a  well  qualified 
editor  assigned  to  each.  In  view  of  the  fact  that 
certain  topics  have  not  received  adequate  treatment 
in  recent  years,  and  also  in  the  interest  of  a  broader 
ecumenicity,  considerable  background  material  is  in 
cluded  to  supplement  the  account  of  developments  in 
1963. 

Owing  to  the  great  proliferation  of  Protestant  de 
nominations  since  World  War  II  it  is  obviously 
impossible  to  include  a  narrative  report  from  each. 


iii 

In  recent  years  such  material  has  had  chiefly  to  do 
with  the  larger  denominations  with  long  historical 
antecedents  in  Japan.  Thus  information  concerning 
all  the  churches  has  been  mainly  restricted  to  the 
statistical  tables.  The  present  volume,  however,  in 
cludes  an  extensive  account  of  a  large  number  of 
groups  by  "  denominational  families,"  with  only  the 
largest  denominations  treated  as  such.  In  addition, 
there  is  a  directory  of  denominational  headquarters, 
which  includes  the  statistics  of  the  number  of  churches 
in  each  group,  membership  and  the  number  of  Japan 
ese  ministers  and  affiliated  missionaries  also  indicated. 
With  a  number  of  groups  failing  to  report  annual 
statistics,  and  also  refusing  to  reply  to  such  inquiries, 
certain  inaccuracies  may  be  found  and  more  accurate 
information  will  be  welcome.  Some  of  the  larger 
denominations  had  the  courage  to  purge  their  rolls  in 
1963,  with  the  result  that  considerable  membership 
losses  are  apparent  in  certain  cases. 

Limitations  of  space  and  other  considerations  have 
made  it  advisable  to  omit  from  this  Yearbook  the 
section  known  as  Who's  Who  in  the  Japanese  Pro 
testant  Church.  Actually,  this  has  been  a  very  partial 
selection  of  names  from  the  Who's  Who  of  the  Kirisuto 
Shimbun  Nenkan,  with  the  bulk  of  the  relevant  in 
formation  in  each  case  omitted.  Without  such  infor 
mation  it  is  difficult  for  most  readers  to  understand 
the  importance  of  the  individuals  mentioned.  In  place 
of  the  Who's  Who  it  was  thought  best  to  publish 
the  directories  of  Christian  denominations,  schools, 
social  work  and  other  important  agencies,  which  have 
not  been  included  in  recent  years.  It  may  well  be 
that  a  more  comprehensive  Who's  Who  will  be  made 
a  special  feature  of  one  of  the  future  issues  of  the 
Yearbook.  The  names  and  addresses  of  many  of  the 


iv 

more  important  figures  of  Japanese  Protestantism  will 
be  found  in  the  current  directories. 

The  necrological  report  known  as  In  Memoriam, 
prepared  so  faithfully  and  accurately  for  many  years 
by  Dr.  A.J.  Stirewalt,  is  also  omitted  from  the  1964 
volume.  The  report  in  the  1963  issue  actually  in 
cluded  the  compilations  for  three  years  and  it  was 
thus  felt  that  this  should  at  least  be  postponed  until 
after  the  regular  presentation  at  the  annual  meeting 
of  the  Fellowship  of  Christian  Missionaries.  It  has 
also  been  suggested  that  this  report  should  include 
reference  to  deceased  Japanese  ministers  and  other 
workers. 

In  compiling  the  directories  much  information  has 
been  gleaned  from  the  1964  Kirisuto  Shimbun  Nenkan. 
However,  in  the  case  of  denominations,  mission 
societies  and  missionaries,  much  up-to-date  informa 
tion  has  also  been  graciously  furnished  by  the  respon 
sible  headquarters.  Practically  all  mission  societies  have 
corrected  the  current  lists  of  their  missionaries,  in 
dicating  those  on  furlough  and  furnishing  other  im 
portant  information.  The  most  difficult  problem  has 
been  in  the  case  of  independent  missionaries  who 
have  failed  to  give  notification  of  change  of  address 
or  withdrawal  from  the  field.  Thus,  it  will  be  well 
for  any  independent  missionnotaries  listed  to  notify 
the  office  of  the  Interboard  Committee  for  Christian 
Work  in  Japan,  Rm.  802,  Seishokan,  2,  Ginza  4- 
chome,  Chuo  Ku,  Tokyo,  indicating  their  present 
whereabouts.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  there  are  some 
address  changes  in  the  autumn,  it  may  be  possible 
to  compile  a  small  supplement  for  circulation  through 
the  Japan  Christian  Quarterly,  or  other  means.  Re 
vision  of  the  present  directory  will  be  made  much 
simpler  if  all  mission  societies  will  notify  the  above 


mentioned  office  of  all  changes  of  address.  In  ac 
cordance  with  the  usual  practice  only  earned  doctorates 
are  indicated  in  this  volume. 

In  a  volume  such  as  this,  printed  in  a  land  where 
English  is  often  imperfectly  understood  by  printers, 
errors  and  omissions  are  inevitable  in  spite  of  much 
proof  reading.  No  one  regrets  their  appearance  more 
than  those  who  have  labored  early  and  late  to  eliminate 
them.  Thus,  the  Christian  patience  and  forbearance 
of  the  reader  is  earnestly  craved,  as  well  as  kind 
assistance  that  such  mistakes  may  be  more  effectively 
guarded  against  in  future  issues. 

It  is  the  earnest  hope  and  prayer  of  the  editor  that 
the  1964  Japan  Christian  Yearbook  will  serve  in  some 
small  measure  to  acquaint  the  many  sympathetic  read 
ers    with    the    need    of  Japan    and    the    state    of    the 
Christian    Church  ;    and    to  elicit  their  earnest  prayer 
that  the  day  may  soon   come    when    Christ    shall    be 
widely  known  and  acknowledged  as  Savior  and  Lord- 
Gordon  K.  Chapman 
Editor  in  Chief 

July  1,  1964 

2850  Sanno,  1-chome,  Omori,  Ota-ku,  Tokyo 

(771-0455) 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 

PREFACE 
CONTRIBUTORS 

PART  I.— 1963  IN  REVIEW 
Edit.,  Raymond  Hammer 

Chapter  1.    A  Review  of  Political  Events 

— Masaru  Ogawa...     I 

2.  Trend  of  Japanese  Economy 

—Shinichiro  Kanai...  22 

3.  Changing  Trends  in  the  Witness  of  the 
Church  —Masao  Takenaka...  32 

4.  Current  Thought  in  Japan, 

— Masatoshi  Matsushita...  46 

5.  The  Religious  World  in  1963 

—William  Woodard...  57 

6.  AN  EPILOGUE :  A  Composite  Look  at  the 
Year  in  Retrospect     —Raymond  Hammer...  74 

PART  II.— THE  CHURCH 
Edit.,  Norman  Nuding 

1.    The  National  Christian  Council  & 
Ecumenical  Developments 

—Chuzo  Yamada...  82 
The  Evangelical  Church  Federation, 

—Hiroshi  Kitagawa...  88 
3.    The  Renewal  of  the  Church 

-Masanao  Fujita  &  Gordon  Chapman...  90 


vii 

Church  Families : 

Alliance  Churches  —George  Laug...  98 

Anglican  Episcopal  Church 

— /.  C.  Hayashi  &  Raymond  Hammer...  104 
Baptist  Churches  —Noah  Brannen  ...109 
Chinese  Churches  —Kenneth  Wilson...  113 
Korean  Churches  —C.  Rodger  Talbot...U5 
Lutheran  Churches  —Hoivard  Alsdorf '. .  .117 
Peace  Churches  —Ferdinand  Ediger...\22 
Pentecostal  Churches  —John  W.  Rudolph...  126 
Presbyterian  &  Reformed  Churches 

—Masao  Hirata...l28 

Salvation  Army  —Theodore  Morris...  131 

Holiness  Churches,  (Kiyome-ha) 

—Aishin  Kida  ...134 

United  Church  of  Christ    —Ryozo  Hara...l38 
7  Day  Adventist  Churches 

—W.  T.  Clark... \U 
Union  Churches  — Hoivard  Haines...l46 


Eastern  Orthodox  Church 

— Proclus  Ushimaru ...  1 50 
Roman  Catholic  Church 

—Archibald  W.  Bryson...l52 


PART  in.— CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 
Edit.,  Robert  Fulop 

1.  Church  Schools  —Edwin  Fisch  &  Yoshio  Kimura...l59 

2.  Theological  Education  —Cyril  Poivles..M\ 


viii 

3.  Evangelical  Theological  Schools  —John  M.  L.  Young...  179 

4.  Christian  Schools  —Daisy  Edgerton...l85 

PART  IV.— MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 
Edit.,  Gordon  Chapman 

1.  Evangelism  in  Japan  —George  Hays. ..196 

2.  Radio  and  Television  Evangelism     —Willam  Hulet...2Q8 
Overseas  Mission  —Chuzo  Yamada...2l3 

4.  Christian  Publications  in  1963, 

—Shiro  Aoyama  &  Kenneth  McVety...22Q 

5.  Christian  Social  Welfare, 

—Shiro  Abe  &  William  Billow... 228 

6.  The  Mission  of  the  Laity  —Kazuko  I.  Suzuki.. Ml 

7.  Youth  and  Student  Work 

—Delmar  Wedel  &  Michael  Griffiths... 255 
Church,  Mission,  and  Missionary  Patterns  of 

Co°Peration  —John  Barksdale...268 

9.    Missionary  Associations  and  Seminars  : 

Fellowship  of  Christian  Missionaries  —Lloyd  Neve... 280 
Evangelical  Missionary  Association  of  Japan 

—William  Lautz...282 

Japan  Bible  Christian  Council     -Philip  Foxwell...285 
Japan  Protestant  Conference 

-Takaoki  Tokiwa  &  John  Schwab... 287 
Reformed  Theological  Conference 

— John  Hesselink...290 

Hayama  Missionary  Seminar  -Gordon  Chapman... 291 
Japan  Council  of  Evangelical  Missions 

—A.  Paul  McGarvey...293 


be 


PART  V.-DIRECTORIES 
Edit.,  Alden  Matthews 

(Compiled  by  the  Office  of  the  Interboard  Committee 
for  Christian  Work  in  Japan) 

1.  Japanese  Church  Headquarters  and  Statistics 

for  1963 297 

2.  Christian  Schools 313 

3.  Headquarters  of  Other  Religious  and  Social 

Organizations    350 

4.  Protestant  Social  Work 355 

5.  Headquarters  of  Mission  Boards  and  Societies  403 

6.  Alphabetical  List  of  Missionaries,  with  Addresses 429 


OUR  CONTRIBUTORS 

Mr.  Shiro  Abe,  Director,   Yokosuka    Christian    Com 

munity  Center 
Rev.   Howard    A.    Alsdorf,    LCA,    President    of    the 

Japan  Lutheran  Missionaries  Association 
Rev.  Shiro    Aoyama,  ELC,  Editorial  Secretary  of  the 

Lutheran  Literature  Society 
Rev.  John  O.   Barksdale,  Th.D.,  PCUS,  Professor  of 

the  International  Christian  University 
Rev.  William  D.   Billow,  LCA,  Social  Worker 
Very  Rev.  Archibald  W.   Bryson,   M.S.C.,    Secretary 

General  of  the  National  Catholic  Council  of  Japan 
Rev.  Gordon    K.    Chapman,    IBC     (UPC),    fraternal 

worker  of  United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 
.  W.T.  Clark,  SDA,  Field    Representative    of    the 

Seventh-day  Adventists 
Miss     Daisy    Edgerton,    IBC    (UCMS)  ,    Teacher    in 

Joshi  Sei  Gakuin 
Rev.   Ferd.    Ediger,    GCMM,    Representative    of    the 

Mennonite   Central  Committee  in  Peace  and  Relief 

Work 

Rev.  Edwin  W    Fisch,  TEAM,  Director  of  the  Japan 
bunday  School  Union 

R^,  ™lipK,  F<?xwe1'.  JPM,  Professor  of  the  Japan 
Christian  Theological  Seminary 

asanao  Fujita,  UCC,    Professor   of   the    Japan 
Chairman  °f  the  JaPan  Keswick 


D"  ABFMS'  Professor  of  the 
of  Theology 


xi 

Rev.  Howard  B.  Haines,  Pastor  of  the  Tokyo  Union 

Church 
Rev.  Raymond    Hammer,    Ph.D.,  CMS,   Field    Repr. 

of  the  Church  Missionary  Society  and  Professor  of 

the  Central  Theological  College 
Rev.  Ryozo  Hara,  UCC,  General  Secretary,  Research 

Institute  of  the  United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 
Rev.  Hugh  Harris,  NAV,  Evangelist  to  business  men 
Rev.  J.G.  Hayashi,    AEC,    President    of    the  Central 

Theological  College 
Rev.  George  H.  Hays,    Th.D.,    SB,    Field    Repr.    of 

the    Southern    Baptist    Convention  Foreign  Mission 

Board 

Rev.  John  Hesselink,  D.THEOL,  IBC    (RCA),    Pro 
fessor  at  the  Tokyo  Union  Theological  Seminary 
Rev.  Masao  Hirata,  NKK,  Professor  of  the  Theologi 
cal  Seminary  of  the  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 
Miss  Yoko  Hiyama,  IBC  Office  Staff 
Rev.   Donald  Hoke,  TEAM,  President   of    the    Japan 

Christian  College 
Mr.  William    A.    Hulet,    FEBC,    Field    Repr.  of   the 

Far  Eastern  Broadcasting  Company 
Prof.   Yoshio  lizaka,  Professor  at  Gakushuin  University 
Rev.  Kenny    Joseph,    TEAM,    Editor   of    REAP  and 

Ketsudan  ;  writer 
Prof.   Shinichiro  Kanai,   Professor  of  the  Meiji  Gakuin 

University 
Rev.   Aishin    Kida,    Chairman    of    the   Church  of  the 

Nazarene    and    Professor    of    the     Nihon     Nazaren 

Seminary 
Rev.  Yoshio    Kimura,    UCC,    Chairman  of  the  Japan 

Council  of  Christian  Education,  NCCJ 
Rev.  Hiroshi  Kitagawa,  President  of    the    Evangelical 

Church  Federation 
Miss  Masako  Kusanagi,  IBC  Office  staff 


xii 


Rev.    Shiro    Kuroda,    UCC,    Pastor    and    Leader    in 

Ashram  Movement 

Rev.  William    Lautz,    IND,    Secretary    of    the    Evan 
gelical  Missionary  Association  of  Japan 
Miss  Dorothy  Lawson,  IBC   (UPC),  IBC  Office  Staff 
Mr.  Masatoshi  Matsushita,  Ph.D.,  President  of  Rikkyo 

University 
Rev.  Alden  Matthews,  IBC   (UCBWM) ,  Secreary  of 

the  Interboard   Committee    for    Christian    Work    in 

Japan 
Rev.  A.    Paul    McGarvey,    CMA,    President    of    the 

Japan  Council  of  Evangelical  Missions 
Rev.  Kenngth  McVety,  TEAM,  Director  of  the  Word 

of  Life  Press 
Mr.  Shotaro  Miyoshi,  Publication  Section  of  the  Kyo 

Bun  Kwan 

Tsunetaro   Miyakoda,    General    Secretary  of  the 

Japan  Bible  Society 

Captain  Theodore  Morris,  SA,  Salvation  Army  Head 
quarters  Staff 
Rev.  Lloyd  Neve,  ALC,  President  of  the    Fellowship 

of  Christian  Missionaries 
Rev.  Robert  Northup,  Ph.D.,  IBC   (UPC),  Professor 

of  Tohoku  Gakuin  University 
Rev.  Norman  Nuding,  LCA,  Director  of  the  Lutheran 

Student  Center 
Mr.  Masaru  Ogawa,  Director  for  Editorial  Affairs   of 

the  Japan  Times 

Minoru  Okada,  UCC,    Chairman    of    the    Com 
mittee    on    Visitation    Evangelism    of    the    United 

Lhurch  of  Christ  in  Japan 
Miss  Takeko  Oshima,  IBC  Office  Staff 

:yril  Powles,  MSCC,  Professor  of    the    Central 

Ineological  Seminary 
Mr.  Arthur   T.F.    Reynolds,    OMF,   President  of  the 


EuBvgelical  Missionary  Association  of  Japan 
Mr.  John  Schwab,  TEAM,  Ochanomizu  Student  Center 

and  Kirisutosha  Gakuseikai 
Mrs.  Kazuko  I.  Suzuki,    Secretary    of    the    Woman's 

Department  of  the  National  Christian  Council 
Rev.    Masao     Takenaka,     Ph.D.,     Professor     of     the 

Doshisha  University 
Rev.  C.   Rodger    Talbot,    PCC,    Field    Repr.    of    the 

Presbyterian    Church    in   Canada,  Japan  Mission  to 

Koreans 
Rev.  Takaoki  Tokiwa,  CRC,  President  of  the    Japan 

Protestant  Conference 
Miss  Majorie    Tunbridge,    IBC    (UCC) ,  Secretary    of 

the    Interboard    Committee    for    Christian   Work  in 

Japan 
Rev.  Proclus    Ushimaru,    Professor    of    the    Orthodox 

Theological  Seminary 
Mr.  Keiichi  Watanabe,  IBC  Office  Staff 
Mr.   Delmar  Wedel,  YMCA,  Secretary  of  the  National 

YMCA  of  Japan 
Rev.    Kenneth    W.    Wilson,    PCUS,    Missionary    to 

Chinese  in  Japan 

Mr.   Alfred  Winroth,  IND,  Missionary 
Rev.   William    Woodard,    IBC    (UCBWM) ,    Director 

of  the  International  Institute  for  the  Study   of    Re 
ligions 
Rev.  Chuzo    Yamada,    UCC,    Executive    Secretary    of 

the  National  Christian  Council  of  Japan 
Rev.  John  M.L.  Young,  JPM,  Professor  of  the  Japan 

Christian  Theological  Seminary 


INDEX  OF  ADVERTISEMENTS 

EVANGELISM 

AVACO  ................................................  Back  Cover  Page 

Commission  on  Christian  Literture  (NCC)     ...............  172G 

Cocnordia-sha  .........................................................  172  E 

Catholic  Press  Center   .............................................  172H 

Christian  Literature  Crusads  ....................................  172  E 

Japan  Bible  Society      ........................  Front  Facing  Page  4 

Japan  Sunday  School  Union  ...............  Front  Facing  Page  5 

Jordan  Press    ....................................................  I72B 

Kirisuto  Shinbun  Sha  (The  Christian  News)     ............  172  C 

Japan  Nazarene,  Publishing  Dept  ...............................  172  C 

Shinko-Shuppansha  (Protestant  Publishing  Co.)   .........  172H 

Seibunsha  ........................................................          172  A 

Seisho  Tosho  Kankokai    ......................................  172  D 

The  Board  of  Publication  The  United  Church  of 
Christian  in  Japan  ............................................      172F 

Women's  Christian  Temperance  Union  of  Japan  268  C 

Y.M.C.A  Press...  .................  "172D 

EDUCATIONAL  INSTITUTION 

Aoyama  Gakuin  ............ 

Baika  Gakuin  ..............  ............ 

Bunka  Fukuso  Gakuin      ............  .'.'.'.'.'.'.'.F^nt  Facing  Page  3 

hurch  Education  Department  (NCC)  76R 

Central  Theological  College  Tokyo  "  7fi  T 

••••  ™ 


...............................  ._ 

Education  Association  of  Christian  Schools  "  7fip 

Fukuoka  Jogakuin  .........................  "    ** 

Heian  Jogakuin    .....................  " 

Hiroshima  Jogakuin  .... 

Hokusei  Gakuen  ........ 


XV 

International  Christian  University 76H 

Joshi  Gakuin    76M 

Keisen  Jogakuin 76O 

Koke  School  of  Japan  Language  76P 

Kyoritsu  Bible  School  for  Women    76  L 

Koran  Jogakuin  76  L 

Kyushu  Jogakuin    76  J 

Kwansei  Gakuin 76  E 

Meigi  Gakuin   76C 

Momoyama  Gakuin    76G 

Nippon  Rowa  Gakko 76N 

Osaka  Jogakuin  76N 

Palmore  Institute    76L 

Rikkyo  Jogakuin     76  J 

Pool  Gakuin 76  K 

Seiwa  Gakuin  76  P 

Seiwa  Junior  College  for  Christian  Workers 76  H 

Shoin  Joshi  Gakuin    76O 

St.  Michael's  School  761 

St.  Michael's  International  School     76  F 

St.  Paul's  (Rikkyo)  University  76A 

Tamagawa  Gakuen    76T 

Tamagawa  Seigakuin    76M 

Tokyo  School  of  the  Japanese  Language 76  S 

Tokyo  Union  Theological  Seminary 

(Tokyo  Shingaku  Daigaku)     76  I 

Tokyo  Woman's  Christian  College   76D 

Yokohama  Gakuin 76  O 

Yokohama  Kyoritsu  Gakuin   76Q 

Yokohama  School  of  the  Japanese  Language  76  Q 

CHRISTIAN  SERVICES 

Inter  Mission  Service  Ltd 268A 

Japan  Church  World  Service 268C 

Kiyosato  Educatinal  Experiment  Progect...FrOnt  Cover  Page 


XVI 

Kobe  Y.M.C.A.  Hostel   268B 

Yokohama  Y.M.C.A 268B 

Yokohama  Y.M.C.A 268B 

PUBLISHER 

Asahi  shimbun  Publishing  Co., Front  Facing  Page  1 

TIME-LIFE  International 364A 

Vaccari Front  Facing  Page  6 

Western  Publication  Distribution  Agency    364  C 

NEWSPAPER 

The  Japan  Times  364 A 

BOOK  STORE 

Kinokuniya  Book-Store  Co.,  Ltd 364  B 

Maruzen  Co.,  Ltd 364  B 

PRINTER 

Chuseido  Printed  Co.,  Ltd 172D 

Diamond  Service  Co Back  Facing  Page  3 

Shinko  Printed  Co.,  Ltd.  .  Back  Facing  Page  3 

BANK 

The  Bank  of  America 460  C 

The  First  National  city  Bank    460D 

The  Sumitomo  Bank  Ltd \\  460B 

TRANSPORTATION 

Overseas  Travel  Service Front  Facing  Page  2 

Scandinavia  Air  Line     460A 

MEDICAL  SERVICES 

American  Pharmacy 268D 

Kinugasa  Hospital  (Japan  Protestant  Medical  Mission)' '  "268  F 

lokyo  Sanitarium  Hospital.... 

Shingai  Dr.  H.    (Dentist) .^"^^ 


Takemi  Dr.  Taro  268E 

DEPT.  STORES 

Mitsukoshi    460  B 

MISCHELLANEOUS 

Acme  Service  Inc.  (Insurance)  364  C 

Dentsu  Advertising  Ltd 364  D 

Fujiset  Co.  Ltd Back  Facing  Page  1 

Hakuyosha  Co.,  Ltd Back  Facing  Page  2 

Kyo  Bun  Kwan  Jigyosha     268  D 

Naomi    263  C 

Omi  Brotherhood  Co.,  Ltd Back  Facing  Page  2 

Tokyo  Typewriter  Co.,  Ltd Back  Facing  Page  2 

Yagishita  Electric  Co.,  Ltd Back  Facing  Page  4 


PART  I.     1963  IN  REVIEW 

Editor :    Raymond  Hammer 

CHAPTER  1 
A  REVIEW  OF  POLITICAL  EVENTS 

1963—1964 

Masaru  Ogawa 

Japan's  political  climate  remained  mild  through 
1963  and  into  1964,  despite  the  fact  that  both  local 
and  national  elections  were  held  during  that  period. 
The  problems  were  present  as  in  past  years,  but  no 
single  issue  captured  the  popular  imagination  ; 

I.     INTERNATIONAL  ISSUES 

The  calm  prevailing  in  Japanese  politics  was  in 
many  ways  a  reflection  of  the  international  scene. 
Indeed,  in  this  rapidly  shrinking  world,  international 
political  developments  are  mirrored  to  such  an  extent 
on  the  local  stage  that  it  is  becoming  more  and  more 
difficult  to  single  out  purely  domestic  issues 

1.     Thaw  in  Cold  War 

We  may  say  that  the  overall  temperate  atmosphere 
in  Japanese  political  circles  during  the  period  under 
review  merely  reflected  to  a  great  degree  the  cooling 
off  of  the  tension  between  the  East-West  protagonists. 

The    one  event  which  contributed  more    than    any 


1963  IN  REVIEW 

other  to  the  easing  of  the  "cold  war"  rivalry  was 
the  signing  in  July  of  the  treaty  for  a  partial  ban  on 
the  testing  of  nuclear  weapons  by  the  United  States, 
Britain  and  the  Soviet  Union.  To  this  treaty,  most 
of  the  nations  of  the  world — with  the  notable  excep 
tion  of  Communist  China  and  France — gave  their 
wholehearted  concurrence.  After  an  initial  hesitation 
over  the  "partial"  nature  of  the  agreement,  Japan, 
too,  hastily  moved  to  give  its  full  support.  The  es 
tablishment  of  a  direct  communications  link  between 
Washington  and  Moscow  meant  that  the  accidental 
touching  off  of  a  war  between  the  two  nations  could 
be  prevented,  and  this  too,  met  with  approval. 

2.     Repercussion  of  World  Communist  Rift 

While  these  fruitful  developments  towards  "peaceful 
coexistence"  were  taking  place,  the  rift  between  the 
Soviet  Union  and  Communist  China  became  increas 
ingly  apparent  and  acute.  The  Russian  agreement 
to  the  partial  test  ban  treaty  was  viewed  in  Peiping 
as  a  Soviet  capitulation  to  the  West,  and  the  ideo 
logical  debate  between  the  two  great  champions  of 
the  Communist  world  rushed  headlong  toward  an  open 
However,  it  also  became  clear  during  the  year 
that  the  real  issue  was  not  ideology  alone  but  represent 
ed  a  realistic  clash  over  national  interests. 

The    rupture    in    the  world   Communist    front    had 

trong  repercussions  in  Japan  where  the  leftist  forces 

tried  to  remain  neutral  but  found  themselves  gradual- 

'    driven  to  taking  sides.     By  the  end  of  1963,    the 

Japan  Communist  Party  was  quite  firmly    entrenched 

the  Communist  Chinese  camp.  This  internal  pre 
occupation  of  the  political  opposition  with  the  Sino-So- 

:  controversy  contributed  to  the  low  pitch  of  Japan's 


PORI11CAL  EVENTS  3 

political  activities. 

3.  Reactions  to  the  Assassination  of  President  Kennedy 

The  past  year  also  had  its  share  of  tragedy.  And 
the  Japanese  people  were  shocked  and  dismayed  by 
the  brutal  assassination  of  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  John  F.  Kennedy,  on  November  23.  The 
immediate  reaction  was  one  of  disbelief  and  horror, 
followed  by  deep  sorrow  over  the  loss  of  a  great 
statesman  who  was  on  the  threshold  of  contributing 
so  much  to  world  peace.  Prime  Minister  Hayato 
Ikeda  and  Foreign  Minister  Masayoshi  Ohira  were 
hurriedly  dispatched  to  Washington  to  attend  the 
funeral  rites. 

4.  Results  of  French  Recognition  of  Peiping  Regime 

One  of  the  significant  developments  of  the  period  be 
ing  reviewed  was  the  recognition  accorded  Communist 
China  by  the  French  Government  in  January,  1964. 
Japan's  political  leaders  were  shaken  by  this  move, 
which  caused  them  to  rethink  the  Japanese  position 
toward  Peiping.  The  net  result  was  a  reaffirmation 
of  the  existing  policy  which  includes  diplomatic  and 
political  nonrecognition,  on  the  one  hand,  and  on  the 
other,  the  promotion  of  trade — while  keeping  eco 
nomics  separate  from  politics.  The  French  Govern 
ment  sent  Prime  Minister  Georges  Pompidou  and 
Foreign  Minister  Couve  de  Murville  on  a  visit  to 
Japan  to  explain  its  decision  to  recognize  Communist 
China  and  to  reassure  the  Japanese  leaders  it  meant 
only  the  French  reappraisal  of  an  existing  situation. 
The  French  views  were  politely  received  and  tucked 
away  for  future  reference. 


4  1963  IN  REVIEW 

5.    Strained  Relations  With  Taipei 

Japan's  relations  with  the  Government  in  Taipei 
came  precariously  near  the  breaking  point  over  an  in 
cident  involving  a  Red  Chinese  visitor  to  Japan,  who 
defected  and  after  seeking  asylum  in  the  Soviet  Em 
bassy  changed  his  mind  and  decided  to  return  to  Pei- 
ping.  The  case,  handled  with  restraint  by  Japanese 
authorities,  dragged  on  for  several  months  before  the 
would-be  defector  was  sent  back  to  Communist  China 
in  early  January,  1964. 

In  the  meantime,  the  Nationalist  Chinese  ambas 
sador  to  Japan  was  recalled  to  Taipei.  The  naming 
of  a  successor  hinged  upon  whether  or  not  Japan  was 
willing  to  dispatch  the  Foreign  Minister  to  Taiwan. 
The  Japanese  contended  that  the  ambassador  should 
be  named  and  stationed  in  Tokyo  before  the  Foreign 
Minister  could  be  sent. 

The    recall    of  the  ambassador  was  actually  a  kind 

t  protest  to  show  Taipei's  growing  displeasure    with 

;    policy    of  increasing  trade    with    Communist 

In    fact  earlier  in  the  year  a    Japanese    firm 

had  promised  to  export  a  vinylon  plant  to  Communist 

nna    on    long-term  credits.     This    was    in    keeping 
the  growing  prospects  of  closer  business  relations 
between  Japan  and  Red  China. 

Japanese  leaders  felt  quite  confident  that  Nationalist 
China,    being    m    need    of  every    assistance    it    could 

am,  would  not  take  the  extreme  and  final  step  of 
breaking    diplomatic  relations  with  Japan.      In    truth 

Japan    should    ever    follow    the    French    lead    and 

c°        chinese  regime>  *    " 


As    matters    stand,    the    official    Japanese    position, 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  5 

made  known  by  the  Foreign  Office  in  March,  1964, 
is  that  it  will  continue  to  support  the  Taipei  Govern 
ment  and  will  not  give  recognition  to  the  Peiping 
regime.  This  means  that  Japan  will  back  the  Nation 
alist  position  in  the  United  Nations.  It  will  however, 
maintain  trade  relations  with  the  Communist  Chinese 
under  the  principle  of  separating  politics  and  economics. 
Incidentally,  Red  China  has  made  known  its  views 
that  relations  cannot  be  restricted  to  trade  alone ; 
but  it  has  also  added  that  it  understands  the  Japanese 
position. 

6.     Problem  of  Rapprochement  with  South  Korea 

The  past  year  also  saw  the  continuation  of  the 
marathon  talks  to  find  a  basis  for  the  normalization 
of  relations  between  Japan  and  the  Republic  of 
Korea.  The  leaders  of  the  two  nations  are  now 
agreed  upon  the  desirability  of  opening  up  normal 
channels  of  contact  at  an  early  date,  but  the 
events  of  the  past  year  gave  little  hope  for  an  early 
settlement. 

The  talks  were  held  up  last  year  by  the  parlia 
mentary  and  presidential  elections  in  South  Korea 
and  by  the  general  elections  in  Japan.  In  both 
countries,  the  political  forces  committed  to  a  rap 
prochement  were  presumably  given  the  popular  man 
date—with  Gen.  Chung  Hee  Park  elected  to  the 
presidency  in  South  Korea  and  the  conservative  Li 
beral-Democratic  Party,  under  the  leadership  of  Prime 
Minister  Ikeda,  maintaining  its  majority  in  the  Japan 
ese  Diet. 

Actually,  the  Japan-ROK  talks  did  not  come  to  the 
fore  as  a  vital  election  issue  in  the  Japanese  general 
elections,  primarily  because  the  negotiations  were  still 


1963  IN  REVIEW 


far  from  a  decisive  stage.  This  being  the  situation, 
the  political  forces  of  the  left  were  unable  to  mobilize 
opposition  to  the  normalization  talks.  Throughout  the 
year,  the  popular  reaction  to  the  rapprochement  efforts 
has  been  lukewarm  at  best  in  Japan.  This  is  in 
contrast  to  South  Korea  where  the  political  opposition 
to  the  negotiations  is  quite  intense  with  student  riots 
breaking  out  on  several  occasions  in  April,  1964. 
Negotiations  during  the  past  year  were  mainly  centered 
on  the  two  problems  of  the  compensation  to  be  paid 
to  Korea  and  Japan's  fishing  interests  vis  a  vis  the 
"Rhee"  line. 

Opponents  of  the  Japan-ROK  negotiations,  in  the 
meantime,  argued  that  normalization  of  relations  with 
South  Korea  would  shut  the  door  on  future  prospects 
of  reaching  an  accord  with  North  Korea.  It  was 
contended,  moreover,  that  the  Japanese  move  would 
serve  to  finalize  the  division  of  Korea  and  to  obstruct 
prospects  for  a  unified  Korea.  Another  strong  argu 
ment,  put  forth  by  the  leftists,  was  that  the  restora 
tion  of  normal  relations  between  Japan  and  South 
orea  would  be  the  first  step  toward  an  anti-Com- 
military  alliance  between  Japan,  ROK  and 
Nationalist  China,  which,  in  turn,  would  strengthen 
the  United  States  position  in  the  Far  East. 

Basic  to  the  Japan-ROK  situation  are  the  deep-root- 
Korean  suspicion  and  hatred  toward   the  Japanese 
the  feeling  of  contempt  held  by  many    Japanese 
toward    the    Koreans.     This  is  a  product    of    Japan's 
>lonial  rule  of  40  years  over  the  Korean    peninsula 
t  is  also  true  that  South  Korea  is    in    desperate 
the    economic  assistance   which  Japan  alone 
could  supply.     At  the  same  time,  Japan,  for  its  part 
-equires  the  development  of  new  markets  for  the  pro- 
s  of  its  growing  economic  structure. 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  7 

II.     INTERNAL  ISSUES 

1.     Ratification  of  ILO  Convention  87 

One  of  the  livelier  political  issues  of  the  year  was 
the  debate  on  the  proposed  ratification  of  International 
Labor  Organization  Convention  87.  This  covention 
would  allow  non-employes,  or  outsiders,  to  become 
officials  of  labor  unions.  While  this  is  a  common 
practice  in  most  Western  countries,  it  has  never  been 
adopted  in  Japan  where  union  officials  must  also  be 
bona  fide  employes. 

For  the  past  four  years,  the  Japanese  Government 
has  been  sidestepping  ILO  demands  for  speedy  action 
to  ratify  this  convention.  Japan's  reluctance  was 
based  mainly  on  the  fear  that  professional  Communist 
organizers  might,  in  the  role  of  "outside  union  of 
ficials,"  take  complete  control  of  union  activities. 
Yet,  as  a  result  of  pressure  from  the  ILO  headquarters 
in  Geneva,  the  Government  has  in  fact  resigned  itself 
to  the  ratification  of  the  convention.  As  precautionary 
measures  to  lessen  the  effects  of  labor  unions  becom 
ing  more  militant,  Government  and  Liberal-Democratic 
party  leaders  have  proposed  amendments  to  several 
of  the  existing  domestic  labor  laws. 

The  "tie-in"  legislation  proposed  by  the  conserva 
tives  includes  the  following : 

1.  Employes    upon  becoming  union    officials    must 
give  up  their  employe  status ; 

2.  Union  dues  will  not  be  collected  for  the  union 
directly  from  the  pay  envelopes ; 

3.  Teachers    in    the    local    public    service,   holding 
supervisory  posts,  such  as  principals  and  assistant 
principals,    must  resign  from  the  Japan  Teachers 
Union ;     and 


8  1963  IN  REVIEW 

4.     A    Personnel    Bureau    will    be    set    up    in    the 
Cabinet    to  administer  and    coordinate    personnel 
matters  concerning  public  servants. 
The    Socialists   and  the  General   Council    of    Japan 
Trade  Unions   (Sohyo)    have,  on  the  other  hand,   de 
manded  the  following : 

1.  Collective  bargaining  rights  should  be  given   to 
public  servants  ; 

2.  The    Japan    Teachers    Union   should    be    given 
recognition  as  a  legitimate  labor  organization  ;    and 

3.  Public    servants    should  be  given    the    right    to 
strike. 

In  July,  a  compromise  plan  was  worked  out  between 
the  Labor  Minister  Tadao  Kuraishi,  Socialist  Party 
executive  Mitsu  Kono  and  Sohyo  leaders.  All  three 
parties,  however,  came  out  later  with  their  own  vers 
ion  of  the  "accord,"  and  it  still  remains  to  be  seen 
whether  decisive  action  will  be  taken  on  the  ILO  bills 
submitted  to  the  Diet  last  year  end. 

However,  the  latest  developments  in  April,  1964, 
are  a  bit  more  encouraging.  The  House  of  'Repre 
sentatives  moved  to  form  a  special  ILO  committee  of 
Liberal-Democrats,  Socialists  and  Democratic-Socialists 
to  facilitate  the  passage  of  the  ILO  Convention  87 
and  the  four  related  domestic  bills.  At  the  same  time, 
the  Government  has  accepted  the  dispatch  to  Japan 
fact-finding  mission  from  the  ILO  headquarters. 

)ther  tender  spots  have  been  the  standing    request 

of    the  United  States  to  allow  its   atomic    submarines 

operating  in  Pacific  Ocean  waters  to  call  at    Japanese 

and  the  controversies  stemming  from  the  scrutiny 

the  Japanese  Constitution  by  the  Constitution  Re 
search  Council. 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  9 

2.  Opposition  to  Visits  of  American  Atomic  Subs 

American  authorities,  in  pressing  for  Japanese  con 
currence  on  the  visit  of  their  atomic  submarines,  have 
stressed  the  absolute  safety  of  the  underwater  vessels 
powered  by  atomic  energy.  Japanese  officials  have 
generally  agreed  on  the  safety  factor,  but  fearing  the 
inevitable  public  outcry  in  this  atom-shy  country, 
they  have  shelved  the  issue  for  the  time  being  with 
American  concurrence.  Actually,  the  opposition  to 
the  visit  is  based  not  so  much  upon  the  danger  of 
an  atomic  submarine  exploding  in  port  but  more  on 
the  fear  of  expanding  the  scope  of  Japan's  role  as  an 
American  military  base  in  the  Far  East.  Although 
the  Japanese  Government  maintained  silence  on  the 
issue  throughout  the  year,  leftist  circles  have  continued 
to  voice  their  strong  objections. 

3.  The  Constitution  Revision  Issue 

The  central  question  around  which  the  Constitution 
revision  issue  revolved  during  the  past  year  was  whe 
ther  the  supreme  law  of  the  land  was  foisted  upon 
the  Japanese  people  or  whether  it  completely  reflected 
the  popular  feeling  at  the  time  of  its  adoption.  One 
time  Supreme  Commander  of  the  Allied  Powers  in 
Japan,  Gen.  Douglas  Mac  Arthur,  who  might  have 
shed  valuable  light  on  the  subject,  died  in  April,  1964, 
without  answering  any  of  the  questions  which  could 
have  clarified  matters. 

It  would  seem,  however,  that  the  most  important 
issue  is  whether  or  not  the  Constitution  suits  the 
present  status  of  Japan  and  is  now  acceptable  to  the 
majority  of  the  Japanese  people.  But  the  political 
lines  have  been  drawn  and  they  present  the  ironic 


10  1963  IN  REVIEW 

situation  of  the  conservatives,  who  supported  the 
Constitution  when  it  was  first  adopted,  asking  for  a 
change,  and  the  progressives,  who  originally  opposed 
it,  now  calling  for  the  maintenance  of  the  status  quo. 
The  provision  causing  the  greatest  controversy  is,  of 
course,  the  "no- war"  clause.  While  this  issue  re 
mained  mostly  in  the  background  last  year,  more 
will  be  heard  of  this  question  in  the  future. 

4.     Local  Elections 

The  year  was  marked  by  the  holding  of  two  sets  of 
local  elections  on  April  17  and  30,  1962,  and  a  gene 
ral  election  on  November  21  of  the  same  year.  El 
ections  would  ordinarily  be  an  occasion  for  a  flurry 
of  political  activities  and  the  public  discussion  of  major 
issues  of  the  moment,  both  local  and  national.  The 
elections  last  year,  however,  were  carried  out  at  an 
extremely  low  pitch.  Indicative  of  this  was  the  fact 
that  the  voter  turnout  was  the  second  lowest  among 
postwar  elections. 

In  the  April  local  elections,  46,951  public  posts 
from  governors  down  to  village  assemblymen  were 
The  Liberal-Democratic  Party  campaigned  on 
the  slogan  of  "a  local  administration  directly  connected 
with  the  central  government,"  while  the  Socialist 
Party  urged  voters  to  cast  their  ballots  for  "a  local 
administration  which  would  be  in  the  hands  of  the 
people.'  Being  the  party  in  power,  the  Liberal-De 
mocrats  reminded  the  people  at  local  levels  it  would 
serve  their  interests  to  have  public  officials  who  would 
i  to  present  their  case  to  the  central  government. 

ciahsts,  on  the  other  hand,  stressed  the  need  for 
more  local  autonomy. 

The  election  results  generally  favored  the  the  Liber- 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  11 

al- Democratic  Party,  but  the  Socialist  Party  also  show 
ed  surprising  grass-root  strength.  The  campaigns 
carried  out  by  the  political  parties  also  had  the  effect 
of  increasing  party  consciousness  at  a  local  level, 
whereas,  in  the  past,  the  local  elections  had  been 
characterized  by  the  success  of  candidates  who  were 
independent  of  party  affiliations.  Another  character 
istic,  especially  noticeable  in  the  gubernatorial  elec 
tions,  was  the  reelection  of  incumbents,  some  of 
whom  were  running  for  their  fourth  and  fifth  terms. 
Each  term  being  four  years  long,  that  meant  that 
some  governors  would  be  serving  for  more  than  16 
years  in  the  same  post.  A  move  is  going  on  in  the 
Diet  to  restrict  the  number  of  years  a  governor  may 
serve  consecutively. 

Much  of  the  national  interest  in  the  elections  was 
centered  on  the  gubernatorial  race  in  Tokyo  because 
of  the  Olympic  Games  to  be  held  in  the  autumn  of 
1964,  and  because  it  marked  a  frontal  clash  between 
the  Liberal -Democrats  and  Socialists  in  the  largest 
city  in  the  world.  After  a  hectic  election  campaign, 
the  incumbent,  Gov.  Ryotaro  Azuma,  won  fairly  easily 
over  his  Socialist  opponent.  The  support  given  him 
by  Soka  Gakkai  contributed  to  his  success. 

5.     General  Election 

As  for  the  November  general  election,  it  was  one 
of  the  dullest  in  the  postwar  period.  Many  factors 
contributed  to  the  peoples'  disinterest  which  was  re 
flected  in  the  poll  turnout  of  only  71.14  per  cent  of 
the  registered  voters — the  second  lowest  since  the 
war's  end.  For  one  thing,  there  was  a  lack  of  central 
issues.  Or,  to  put  it  another  way,  Prime  Minister 
Jkeda's  ruling  party  did  not  take  a  strong  position  on 


12  1963  IN  REVIEW 


questions  which  might  have  aroused  public  interest, 
such  as  the  revision  of  the  Constitution,  the  U.  S. 
atomic  submarines  and  the  Japan-ROK  talks.  The 
progressive  parties,  on  the  other  hand,  failed  to  capi 
talize  on  these  issues,  and  did  not  fully  utilize  the 
one  problem  on  which  they  could  have  won  a  broad 
public  hearing — the  great  increase  in  consumer  prices. 

But  it  was  also  apparent  that  the  leftist  forces  were 
quite  shaken  and  disorganized  as  a  result  of  their 
bewilderment  over  the  unexpected  developments  in 
the  Sino-Soviet  controversy  and  of  the  growing  rival 
ry  between  the  Socialists  and  Communists.  While 
the  Japan  Communist  Party  swung  almost  fully  into 
the  Communist  Chinese  camp,  the  Socialist  Party 
was  beset  with  factional  differences  which  basically 
arose  from  their  confusion  over  the  interpretation  of 
their  Marxist  ideology. 

Likewise,  within  the  Liberal -Democratic  Party,  fac 
tional  strife  showed  no  signs  of  diminishing,  despite 
the  outward  acceptance  of  the  recommendations  made 
to  dissolve  all  factions  within  the  party.  Although 
the  party  entered  the  election  campaign  with  all  fac 
tions  presumedly  abolished,  the  November  election  was 
called  cynically— but  not  without  reason— the  "elec 
tion  among  factions."  As  it  turned  out,  both  the 
Liberal -Democrats  and  the  Socialists  appeared  more 
interested  in  the  seats  won  by  the  various  party  fac 
tions  than  in  the  overall  showing  of  their  political 
party. 

Under  such  circumstances,  it  was  no  wonder  that 
the  voters  refused  to  display  enthusiasm.  On  the 
contrary,  many  citizens  expressed  their  disgust  by  ab 
staining,  while  others,  who  may  have  voted  for  ei 
ther  the  Liberal-Democrats  or  the  Socialists,  turned 
to  other  parties,  the  Democratic-Socialist  and  the 


POLI'IICAL  EVEN  IS  13 

Communists. 

The  election  results  were  contrary  to  the  expecta 
tions  of  both  the  Liberal -Democrats  and  the  Socialists. 
The  former  had  hoped  to  secure  more  than  300  seats, 
while  the  latter  sought  to  take  at  least  156  of  the 
467  Diet  posts  to  enable  them  to  control  one-third 
of  the  Lower  House  strength,  and  thus  be  in  a  posi 
tion  to  defeat  any  major  move  by  the  conservatives, 
which  would  require  a  two-thirds  majority. 

As  it  turned  out,  the  Liberal -Democrats  fell  13  be 
low  their  showing  in  the  1960  general  elections  and 
even  lost  three  from  their  pre-election  total,  and  the 
Socialists  were  12  off  of  their  goal  of  156.  The 
surprise  gainers  were  the  Democratic-Socialists  who 
upped  their  pre-election  seats  by  nine  and  their  1960 
total  by  six,  despite  a  decreased  vote,  and  the  Com 
munists  who  gained  two  seats. 

The  following  charts  show  the  final  results  of  the 
general  elections : 


General  Election  Results 

Party  Elected                Elation 

Seats 

Lib. -Democrats  283                      286  296 

Socialists  144                      137  145 

Dem. -Socialists  23                        14  17 

Communists  5                          3  3 

Minor  Parties  00  1 

Independents  12                          2  5 

Note:  Eleven  of  the  12  Independents  elected  joined  the  Li 
beral-Democratic  Party,  bringing  its  strength  up  to  294,  so  that 
their  loss  was  not  as  great  as  first  appeared. 


1963  IN  REVIEW 


Popular  Votes 

(In  Nov.  21  Gener 

al  Elections) 

Party                      Votes 

%  of  Total 

Lib.  -Democrats        22,423,914 

54.67 

Socialists                   11,906,762 

29.03 

Dem.-Socialists          3,023,300 

7.37 

Communists                1,646,477 

4.01 

Minor  Parties                123,655 

0.31 

Independents              1,892,443 

4.61 

%in  1960 

57.56 
27.56 
8.77 
2.93 
0.35 
2.83 


The  Democratic-Socialists  and  the  Communists  were 
jubilant  over  the  election  results.  The  Democratic- 
Socialists  were  especially  gratified  by  their  unexpected 
showing  because  they  were  on  the  point  of  being 
broken  up  or  drastically  reorganized  had  the  election 
results  been  disappointing.  The  Liberal-Democrats, 
although  being  returned  again  as  the  majority  party, 
had  to  concede  their  showing  was  "unexpectedly  poor." 
The  Socialists  also  admitted  defeat  and  went  in  for 
serious  soul-searching  for  the  reasons  for  their  failure. 

One  of  the  interesting  revelations  of  the  1963  gener 
al  elections  was  the  increase  in  the  total  votes  cast 
for  progressive  candidates.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  the 
progressives,  including  the  Socialists,  Democratic-So 
cialists  and  the  Communists,  have  been  gradually 
closing  the  gap  between  them  and  the  conservatives 
with  each  election  held. 

General  Elacticn  Percentages 

1952  1953  1955  1958  1960  1963 
Lib. -Democrats  66.12  65.65  63.18  57.80  57.56  54.61 
Progressives  21.24  26.57  29.21  32.94  39.26  40.41 

Percentage  wise,  the  progressive  forces  have  almost 
doubled  their  popular  vote  in  the  period  from  1952 


POLITICAL  REVIEW  15 

to  1963,  while  the  Liberal -Democrats  were  dropping 
12  per  cent.  If  this  trend  should  be  projected  into 
the  future,  the  day  is  not  far  distant  when  the  pro 
gressives  will  garner  more  than  half  the  popular  votes. 
Aside  from  these  sidelights  and  the  varying  fortunes 
of  the  individual  political  parties,  the  general  elections 
of  1963  turned  out  to  be  quite  inconclusive  as  far  as 
any  dramatic  changes  in  the  overall  political  fabric 
were  concerned.  With  the  status  quo  maintained, 
Prime  Minister  Ikeda  was  again  chosen  to  head  the 
government  and  on  December  9,  organized  his  third 
Cabinet.  The  Ikeda  Administration  thus  became  the 
second  longest  regime  in  the  postwar  history  of  Japan. 
(The  longest  regime,  of  course,  was  the  five  gover- 
ment  administration  headed  by  former  Prime  Minister 
Shigeru  Yoshida.) 

6.     Political  Parties 

a.     Liberal  Democratic  Party 

Although  it  has  been  able  to  remain  in  power 
throughout  the  greater  part  of  the  postwar  period, 
the  Liberal-Democratic  Party  has  been  constantly  beset 
by  internal  feuding.  Last  year  was  no  exception. 
Fully  cognizant  of  the  evils  of  factionalism,  conserva 
tive  leaders  took  determined  measures  in  1963  to 
eliminate  groupings  and  to  bring  greater  unity  to  the 
party,  but,  unfortunately,  they  remain  very  much  in 
existence. 

With  close  to  300  members  in  the  Liberal-Demo 
cratic  Lower  House  ranks,  it  is  perhaps  inevitable 
that  they  should  break  up  into  groups.  But  it  is  also 
a  fact  that  factionalism  is  at  once  Prime  Minister 
Ikeda's  weakness  and  strength.  Rival  groupings  have 
all  too  often  tied  his  hands,  preventing  him  from 


16  1963  TN  RnVIFAV 

taking  decisive  action.  On  the  other  hand,  he  is 
able  to  maintain  himself  in  power  by  riding  atop 
an  uneasy  balance  among  the  contending  factions. 

As  the  ruling  party  behind  the  Ikeda  Government, 
it  is  outwardly  in  favor  of  promoting  closer  trade 
ties  with  Communist  China,  of  normalizing  rela 
tions  with  South  Korea,  and  of  seeking  a  compromise 
on  the  ratification  of  the  ILO  Convention  87.  But 
each  one  of  these  policy  positions  has  its  factional 
opponents  among  the  Liberal-Democratic  membership. 
As  parties  within  the  single  party,  these  rival  forces 
were  at  play  throughout  the  year,  and  they  have  left 
the  general  impression  of  a  political  party  which  con 
siders  national  interests  secondary  to  factional  gains. 
b.  Socialist  Party 

The  situation  within  the  Japan  Socialist  Party, 
however,  was  not  much  better  during  the  period 
under  review.  After  months  of  intraparty  bickering, 
the  leftist  anti-leadership  faction  brought  matters  to 
a  head  at  the  February,  1964,  party  convention  by 
refusing  to  participate  in  the  management  of  party 
affairs.  By  giving  up  all  executive  posts  to  the 
rightwing  leadership  group,  the  left  wing  faction  gave 
notice  it  would  operate  as  an  Opposition  within  the 
party  and  would  contest  for  party  hegemony  at  the 
next  convention. 

It  became  quite  apparent  as  the  year  progressed 
that  the  Socialist  Party  was  facing  a  major  crisis. 
The  Socialists  were  faced  on  one  side  by  the  growth 
of  a  middle-class  mood  among  one  sector  of  its  erst 
while  supporters  as  a  result  of  the  continuing  economic 
prosperity,  and,  on  the  other  side,  by  the  aggressive 
policy  of  the  Communists  who  were  eating  away  at 
their  grass-root  followers.  Potential  Socialist  sup 
porters  at  the  lower  echelons  ware  also  being  wooed 


POLI'IlCAL  EVENTS  17 

by  the  Soka-Gakkai,  a  militant  religious  organization 
with  political  ambitions,  which  has  now  announced 
its  intention  of  putting  forward  30  candidates  for  the 
next  Diet  election. 

The  bitter  controversy  over  structural  reform  in 
1962  left  wounds  which  have  not  healed.  More 
basically,  a  constant  struggle — taking  the  form  of 
factionalism  in  its  expression  within  the  party — is  go 
ing  on  with  one  group  advocating  parliamentarianism, 
seeking  a  broad  popular  base,  and  negating  close  ties 
with  the  Communists,  and  with  the  other  side  demand 
ing  more  positive  action,  including  resort  to  revolution, 
adherence  to  the  class  party  concept,  and  promotion 
of  closer  ties  with  the  Communists,  here  and  abroad. 

These  basic  ideological  differences  which  were  re 
sponsible  for  the  secession  in  October,  1959,  of  Suehiro 
Nishio  and  his  rightwing  Socialist  colleagues  to  form 
the  Democratic-Socialist  Party,  still  remain  today. 
They  were  given  a  new  twist  and  a  sense  of  urgency 
with  the  recent  vitality  shown  by  the  Communist 
party.  For  one  thing,  the  Minshu  Seinen  Domei 
(Democratic  Youth  Federation)  continued  to  grow 
last  year  and  has  proved  to  be  a  real  challenge  to  the 
growth  of  Socialist  influence  among  the  young  people. 
For  another,  despite  great  differences  in  the  political 
strength  of  the  two  parties  as  revealed  in  the  number 
of  Diet  seats  (144  to  5)  and  popular  votes  (11.9 
millon  to  1.6  million),  the  Socialists  have  discovered 
that  Communists  are  far  superior  in  mobilizing  their 
grass-root  followers.  Joint  demonstrations  conducted 
with  the  Communists  on  the  anti-atomic  bomb  move 
ment  in  Hiroshima,  Nagasaki  and  Shizuoka  proved 
this  conclusively  to  the  Socialists.  The  result  has 
been  that  the  Socialists  have  had  to  hold  separate 
meetings  to  prevent  the  Communists  from  taking 


18  1%3  IN  REVIEW 

complete  charge  of  such  events.  More  recently,  the 
Socialists  have  made  known  their  intention  of  keeping 
such  movements  free  of  political  influence.  This  is, 
of  course,  as  it  should  be,  for  politics  should  have 
no  place  in  this  protest  against  man's  inhumanity  a- 
gainst  man. 
c.  Communist  Party 

For  the  Japan  Communist  Party,  1963  was  a  mo 
mentous  year.  As  the  year  progressed  the  local 
Communists  viewed  with  increasing  concern  the  pro 
gressive  alienation  between  Communist  China  and 
the  Soviet  Union.  Wooed  by  both  the  Chinese  and 
the  Soviets,  the  Japanese  Communists  attempted  dur 
ing  the  first  part  of  the  year  to  remain  aloof,  but 
with  pressure  increasing  from  Peiping  and  Moscow, 
they  were  forced  to  make  a  decision.  That  step  was 
taken  when  the  Japan  Communist  Party  in  October 
went  on  record  against  the  Moscow  nuclear  test  ban 
treaty.  It  was  inevitable  in  a  way  that  the  Japanese 
Communists  should  step  firmly  into  the  Peiping  camp 
because  of  the  geographic  proximity,  the  cultural  and 
racial  ties  and  the  substantial  financial  assistance  they 
have  been  receiving  over  the  years  from  Communist 
China. 

Once  the  die  was  cast,  the  local  Communists  step 
ped  up  their  propaganda  barrage,  especially  against  the 
Socialists.  It  was  no  accident  that  the  Red  Chinese 
should  have  early  in  1964  issued  a  statement  con 
demning  the  Socialist  leadership  as  being  ineffectual. 
In  fact,  Peiping  has  apparently  ruled  out  the  Socialists 
as  a  political  bridgehead  into  Japan  and  are  now 
trying  to  establish  closer  contacts  with  "friendly" 
elements  within  the  conservative  Liberal-Democratic 
Party. 

One  of  the  strange  quirks  of  this  new  development 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  19 

is  the  Communist  role  in  the  abortive  general  strike 
which  was  set  for  April  17,  1964.  Ten  days  before 
the  scheduled  strike,  the  Communists  informed  the 
Socialist  and  Sohyo  organizers  they  were  pulling  out. 
They  gave  as  their  reason  that  the  strike  would  not 
have  popular  backing  and  that  Sohyo  was  ill-prepared. 
But  a  more  logical  explanation  may  be  that  Com 
munist  China  is  desirous  at  the  moment  of  keeping 
the  Ikeda  Government,  which  favors  trade  with  Peip- 
ing,  in  power.  A  crippling  blow  against  Prime  Minis 
ter  Ikeda  at  this  time  might  bring  forth  new  con 
servative  leaders  who  would  not  be  as  willing  to 
open  up  business  ties  with  Communist  China. 

Events  of  the  past  year  have  thus  disclosed  a  grow 
ing  rift  between  the  Socialists  and  the  Communists 
in  Japan.  In  many  ways,  a  parallel  can  be  drawn 
between  this  local  development  and  the  open  break 
in  Sino-Soviet  relations. 
d.  Ultra- right  Groups 

In  reviewing  the  Japanese  political  trends  during 
1963  and  early  1964,  mention  must  be  made  of  the 
growing  activities  of  the  ultra-right  groups.  Numeri 
cally,  the  ultra-rightists  are  of  no  consequence,  totalling 
only  about  65,000.  But  since  they  resort  to  direct 
acts  of  violence,  their  political  significance  cannot  be 
ruled  out  as  being  inconsequential. 

During  the  past  year,  ultrarightist  fanatics  attacked 
Communist  leader  Sanzo  Nosaka  and  Prime  Minister 
Ikeda  and  destroyed  by  arson  the  home  of  Con 
struction  Minister  Ichiro  Kono,  an  influential  con 
servative  leader.  As  these  attacks  reveal,  the  ultra- 
rights  struck  at  both  Communists  and  Liberal-De 
mocrats.  Being  basically  anti-Communist,  the  rightist 
attempt  on  the  life  of  the  Communist  leader  is  in 
character.  Actually,  it  was  for  the  same  basic  reason 


20  1963  IN  REVIEW 


that  the  conservative  leaders  were  assaulted.  Prime 
Minister  Ikeda  by  advocating  trade  with  Red  China 
and  by  assuming  a  "low  posture"  in  dealing  with 
the  leftists,  and  Minister  Kono  by  allegedly  being 
friendly  with  the  Soviet  Union  were  judged  to  be 
pro-Communists.  At  the  same  time,  there  is  con 
siderable  anger  against  the  factionalism  and  disunity 
within  the  Liberal-Democratic  Party,  which,  according 
to  the  rightists,  prevents  the  conservative  forces  from 
taking  a  stronger  stand  against  moral  corruption  and 
communism  and  for  a  return  to  the  "glories"  of 
prewar  Japan. 

In  the  course  of  the  year,  it  has  been  revealed 
that  the  rightists  are  stepping  up  their  activities  with 
two  target  dates  in  mind.  One  is  the  100th 
anniversary  of  the  1868  Meiji  Restoration  which  will 
come  in  1968,  and  the  other  is  the  1970  expiration 
date  of  the  Japan-U.S.  Security  Treaty.  The  ultra- 
rightist  aim  will  be  to  bring  about  a  "Showa  Resto- 
Showa  being  the  name  given  to  the  present 
reign  of  Emperor  Hirohito. 

The  leftist  forces   are  also  placing   a   great  deal  of 

mphasis  on  the  year  1970  when  they  expect  to  climax 

ieir  drive  against  the  conservative  influences  represented 

by    the    Japan  U.  S.    Security    Treaty.      The    leftists, 

>,  envision  that  revolutionary  forces— much  greater 
than  the  elements  mobilized  in  the  1960  riots— will 
be  loosed  on  the  nation  to  bring  about  a  socialist 
victory. 

With    both  the  extremes  of  the  left  and   the    right 

Y  planning  ahead  for  their  1970  objectives,    the 

to  come  will  certainly  see  them  stepping  up  the 

:empo  of  their  activities.     Since  the  activities  of    one 

arouses  the  reaction  of  the  other  side,  it  can   be 

predicted    that  the  Japanese  nation  in  the   latter    half 


POLITICAL  EVENTS  21 

of  the  1960's  will  be  facing  a  period  of  turbulence. 

As  mentioned  at  the  outset,  the  year  covered  by 
this  political  review  was  relatively  quiet.  It  may 
well  be  that  Japan  is  passing  through  a  valley  of 
calm  from  the  peak  of  1960's  violent  political  ex 
plosion  and  resting,  as  it  were,  before  another  upward 
surge  of  violence.  But  it  is  precisely  at  a  time  such 
as  this  that  the  nation  needs  statesmen  of  foresight 
and  wisdom  to  prepare  the  proper  countermeasures  to 
keep  the  nation  at  peace  and  prosperous,  now  and  in 
the  years  ahead.  And  the  most  effective  step  to  head 
off  the  plans  of  the  extremists  will  be  for  Japan's 
responsible  political  leaders  in  both  the  conservative 
and  progressive  camps,  to  put  their  houses  in  order 
and  to  apply  themselves  to  the  -task  and  responsibility 
for  which  they  have  been  chosen.  They  showed 
little  of  this  during  the  past  year,  but  the  nation  is 
in  urgent  and  immediate  need  of  intelligent  and  wise 
direction — and  this,  Japan's  political  leaders  must  give 
in  the  months  ahead. 


CHAFFER  2 

TRENDS  IN  JAPANESE  ECONOMY  WITH 
ESPECIAL  REFERENCE  TO  1963. 

Shinichiro  Kanai 

THE  INCOME-DOUBLING  PLAN  and 
THE  OPEN  ECONOMY 

Chief  among  the  complications  of  the  Japanese 
economic  situation  of  1963  were  the  attempts  to  amend 
the  so-called  *  Income  Doubling  Plan  '  and  the  com 
pletion  of  the  preparatory  moves  for  the  shift  to  an 
'Open  Economy'.  The  aim  of  the  Ikeda  policy  had 
been  to  double  incomes  within  ten  years,  beginning 
with  1961 — with  increases  in  national  production 
averaging  9%  in  the  first  year  and  then  7.2%  annually 
till  1970.  This  plan  was  based  upon  Japan's  high 
economic  growth  in  the  postwar  years,  especially  since 
1955,  but  the  plan  was  no  sooner  inaugurated  than 
the  demand  for  capital  investment  and  the  speedy  ex 
pansion  of  factory  facilities  produced  a  sudden  rise  in 
imports,  which  led  in  turn  to  a  deficit  in  the  interna 
tional  account.  As  a  result,  the  government  has  had 
to  establish  financial  control  sinces  1961,  and  thus 
the  balance  of  payments  improved  in  the  beginning 
of  1962.  These  controls  were  partially  removed  in 
October  1962,  with  the  result  that  from  1962  to  1963 
Japan's  economic  prosperity  exceeded  expectations. 
However  this  economic  prosprity  was  accompanied  by 


JAPANESE  ECONOMY  23 

a  further  aggravation  of  the  international  account  at 
the  end  of  1963. 

Consumer  prices,  which  had  already  begun  to  rise 
steeply  in  1961,  rose  still  higher,  and  thus  it  was  the 
main  concern  of  the  government  to  improve  the  stand 
ing  of  the  international  accounts  and  also  to  stabilize 
prices.  Accordingly,  in  December  1963  there  was  a 
return  to  the  controls  of  fourteen  months  before,  whilst 
*  income  doubling '  had  to  give  way  to  a  policy  of 
'  stable  growth  '-with  the  promise  of  a  new  Five  Year 
Plan  in  the  fall  of  1964. 

There  has  been  a  marked  freeing  of  trade,  the  com 
pletion  of  preparations  for  a  formal  affiliation  with  the 
Organization  for  Economic  Cooperation  and  Develop 
ment  (OECD),  and  a  decision  to  switch  over  to  the 
group  of  countries  embraced  by  Clause  8  of  the  Inter 
national  Monetary  Fund  (IMF) — namely  those  which 
make  no  limitations  on  international  accounts.  Also 
this  year  travel  has  been  liberalized — together  with 
trade  and  capital  transactions,  and  the  way  to  an 
Open  Economy  prepared. 

In  such  a  situation,  and  in  view  of  the  possibility 
of  an  increase  in  international  competition,  there  has 
been  a  tendency  for  business  enterprises  to  amalga 
mate,  and  this  has  been  especially  true  of  marine 
transportation  companies.  By  June  1,  1964  there  has 
also  been  the  merging  of  three  Heavy  Industry  con 
cerns  within  the  Mitsubishi  family.  A  basic  law  was 
also  passed  to  increase  the  productivity  and  improve 
the  set-up  of  smaller  and  medium-size  enterprises. 

THE  REPORT  ON  ECONOMIC  PLANNING 

The  following  features  are  emphasized  in  the  report 
for  1963  of  the  Economic  Planning  Bureau  :- 


24  1963  IN  REVIEW 

(1)  The  production  of  minerals  rose  slowly  at  first, 
but    with  a  quick  recovery,  the  rate  of  increase  from 
December  1962  to  December  1963  was   18.7%.      The 
increase    was    largely    in    the    area    of    iron  and  steel, 
petroleum  products,  synthetic  fibers  and  transport  ma 
chinery,  but  durable  consumer  goods  such  as  television 
sets  etc.  tailed  off  because  of  a  dull  market. 

(2)  During  the  time  under  recession,  the  inventory 
investment  which  had  been  severely   cut    back    began 
to    rise    again    from    January    to    March,    with  invest 
ments  by  wholesale    merchants    and    retailers    leading 
the  way.     From  April  to  June  investment  in  machine 
goods  became  active,  whilst  from  July    to    September 
there    was    improvement  in  raw  materials,  and  at  the 
same  time  there  was  renewed  activity  in  investory  in 
vestment  in  better  quality  goods. 

(3)  During  the  period  of  recession,  investment  for 
equipment  in  the  big  private  enterprises  was  low,  but 
even  when  the  period  of  recession  passed,   there    was 
no    appreciable    change    in    the    large    enterprises,  but 
there  was  an   active    interest    in    investment    in    small 
and  medium-sized  enterprises.     Whilst  the  investment 
rate  in  the  big  companies  with  a  capital  of  over    100 
million  yen    ($277,000)    was  only  1.9%  above  the  1962 
figure,  investment    in    small    and    medium-sized    firms 
increased  by  30%.     The  equipment  investment  involv 
ed  factory-buildings,  dormitories  and  transportation  fa 
cilities. 

(4)  There  was  a  rise  in  consumer  propensity.     In 
dividual    consumption    which    had    increased    steadily 
only    declined    for  four  months,  but,  after  the  release 
of  financial  controls,  from  February  1963,   it    was    on 
the  increase  again.     People  in  the  middle  classes,  par 
ticularly  were  the  more  lavish  spenders- with  '  spices ', 
alcoholic  beverages,    writing    materials,  and  entertain- 


JAPANESE  ECONOMY  25 

ment  as  the  main  items  to  show  increased  sales.  This 
was  all  due  to  a  rise  in  personal  income. 

(5)  The  increase  in  bank  loans  was  also  marked, 
and  a  token  of  the  return  to  prosperity.  The  sums 
loaned  in  the  period  April  to  September,  1963,  when 
compared  with  1962,  show  an  increase  of  50.8%.  The 
demand  was  particularly  strong  among  the  medium 
class  enterprises,  although  the  bigger  enterprises,  too, 
increased  their  loans  mainly  through  direct  bank  ac 
tivity,  as  they  prepared  for  another  period  of  monetary 
control,  thereby  increasing  their  indebtedness  and 
strengthening  the  liquidity  of  their  assets. 

The  annual  average  of  economic  growth  between 
the  period  1955  to  1961  was  10.8%,  but  the  total 
investment  growth  in  1963  was  8.2%,  despite  an  ex 
pected  13%,  and  the  expected  growth  rate  for  1964 
is  7%. 

DEFICIT  IN  INTERNATIONAL  ACCOUNTS 

Despite  the  steady  growth  in  Japanese  economy  at 
large,  the  international  account  has  shown  considerable 
insecurity.  A  credit  balance  in  April  1963  of 
$8,800,000,000  changed  to  a  deficit  of  $99,000,000  by 
December,  and  the  deficit  will  be  $150,000,000  in  1964. 
The  reason  for  the  deficit  was  a  sudden  rise  in  im 
ports,  for  though  there  was  an  increase  in  exports  of 
10%  over  the  1962  figure,  imports  rose  steeply.  There 
was  first  of  all  a  demand  for  steel,  coal  and  kerosene 
to  meet  the  industrial  needs ;  then,  for  wheat  in  the 
light  of  a  55%  decrease  in  home-produced  barley ; 
and  third,  there  was  the  problem  of  increased  sugar 
prices  on  the  world  market. 

There  was  also  an  increased  deficit  of  8%  on  ex 
ternal  trade  accounts,  reaching  a  total  of  $250,000,000 


26  1063  IN  RF-YIFAV 

clue  mainly  to  the  lack  of  an  adequate  Japanese  cargo 
fleet.  One  may  mention,  ton,  the  payments  for  tech 
nical  aid.  patents  etc. 

A  third  major  cause  of  the  deficit  was  the  unsettled 
character  of  the  capital  accounts.  The  infl:nv  of  for 
eign  investment  capital  had  been  in  part  influenced 
by  the  note  sent  to  Congress  in  the  U.S.A.  on  July 
18,  1963,  which  forbade  the  publishing  of  bonds  on 
the  American  market. 

As  corrective   measures  the  government  planned  (a) 
:em  to  promote  exports;    (b)     to    use    home- 
products  in  government  and  public  offices  ;  (c)  to  raise 
the  tonnage  taxation  on  foreign  ships  and  raise  pilotage 
(d)    to  use  Japanese  tankers  for  the  importation 
(e)  to  remove  tax-exemptions  for  foreigners 
on  food  and  drink;  and    (f)    to  tax  Japanese  travelers 
foreign     trips.       Such     steps,     however,     do     little 
than  touch  on   the  problems,  and  the  basic  need 
L>  promotion  of  a  stable    growth    of    the    national 
economy,  coupled  with  strengthened  international  com 
petition. 

RISE  IN  CONSUMER  PRICES 

The  rise  in  consumer  prices  became  a  political  issue 

the  time  of  the    general    election    for    the    Diet    in 

ixing    the    price    index    at    100    in    I960      by 

avembcr  1963  the  figure  was  121.8  in  all  the  cities 

>eing  7.5%  as    compared    with    the    previous 

•ir.       Ihe  govenment  reckoned   that  the  rise  in  1963 

1  he  main  commodiies  involved  in  the 

agricultural    and    marine    products,    service 

the    manufactured    goods    of  medium  sized 

crpnscs  that  were  influenced   by  the    rise    in    labor 

•ause  of  the  distorted  approach  to   '  high  e- 


JAPANESE  ECONOMY  27 

conomic  growth  ',  the  smaller  and  medium-sized  enter 
prises  could  not  cope  with  the  new  demand  for  man 
power,  being  behindhand  in  their  economic  develop 
ment.  In  December  6,  1963  the  government  published 
its  interim  report  on  the  'Income-Doubling  Plan', 
which  sought  to  deal  with  the  rise  in  prices.  It  sug 
gested  corrections  for  the  lag  in  agriculture,  and  for 
low  production  in  the  smaller  enterprises,  and  the  re 
pletion  of  social  capital  (in  the  matter  of  road,  harbor 
and  railway  construction). 

Apart  from  a  Five  Year  Plan,  there  were  sugges 
tions  for  a  Twenty  Year  and  a  Ten  Year  period. 
The  Plans  proposed  (1)  the  maintenance  of  a  high 
and  stable  economic  growth  :  (2)  the  increase  of  ex 
ports  through  an  adequte  flow  of  labor  and  an  ad 
justment  of  the  supply  of  capital  etc.  The  emphasis 
was  general  efficiency! 

MOVE  TO  OPEN  ECONOMY 

With  preparations  for  the  move  to  the  Open  E- 
conomy  system  duly  completed  in  1963,  in  spring 
1964  the  actual  shift  began,  and  the  liberalization  rate 
with  respect  to  Japanese  goods  came  to  90%.  At 
the  same  time  external  contracts  for  technical  aid,  spe 
cial  charter  ships,  general  external  trade  transactions 
and  monetary  transactions  were  liberalized  in  the  main. 
Also  the  foreign  exchange  budget  system  was  abol 
ished  and  freedom  of  travel  granted. 

With  the  exception  of  some  special  items,  Japanese 
industry  and  enterprise  was  now  in  open  competition 
with  foreign  firms.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  steps 
taken  to  strengthen  Japan's  internal  economy  will  as 
sist  her  in  international  trade  competition,  and  that 
this,  in  turn,  will  have  a  beneficial  effect  on  interna 
tional  economy. 


<28  1963  IN  REVIEW 


RE-ESTABLISHMENT  OF  SMALL  AND  MEDIUM 
SIZED  ENTERPRISES 

The  expanding  Japanese  economy  had  intensified  the 
contract  between  the  bigger  and  smaller  concerns, 
both  in  the  rate  of  investment  and  in  the  productive 
capacity.  Labor  tends  to  drift  to  the  bigger  concerns, 
and  wage  rates  in  the  smaller  concerns  are  lower. 
Investment  for  equipment  also  comes  into  the  hands 
of  the  bigger  enterprises.  As  a  result  it  was  of  vital 
importance  that  the  small  and  medium-sized  enterprises 
receive  investment  for  modernization.  Various  aids 
and  tax  exemptions  only  helped  a  proportion  and  a 
special  feature  of  the  period  under  consideration  has 
been  the  large  number  of  bankruptcy  cases  amongst 
the  smaller  concerns. 

Now  about  99%  of  Japanese  firms  belong  to  the 
category  of  small  and  medium-sized  enterprises— with 
fewer  than  300  employees  each,  and  more  than  half 
of  these  concerns  act  as  sub -contractors  to  the  big 
enterprises.  They  suffer  on  two  accounts.  They  are 
somewhat  dominated  by  the  big  enterprises,  and  they 
have  too  competitive  a  market  among  themselves. 
Their  existence  has  been  unstable  for  some  time,  and, 
by  comparison  with  the  large  firms,  conditions  are  bad 
and  wages  low.  With  labor  shortages,  however,  the 
smaller  enterprises  have  had  to  hike  up  wage  rates, 
and  improved  technique  are  beginning  to  be  developed 
among  them. 

The  government  plan  aims  to  rehabilitate  them  un 
der  a  '  new  industry  system  '  which  correlates  them 
with  the  bigger  enterprise,  all  forming  a  pyramid-like 
structure.  The  firms  which  cannot  meet  the  requir- 


JAPANESE  ECONOMY  29 

ments  have  to  go  bankrupt.  The  high  growth  policy 
has  brought  some  balance  of  payments  between  large 
and  smaller  enterprises,  but  it  has  also  intensified  com 
petition. 

LABOR  PROBLEMS 

With  economic  growth  there  has  been  a  correspond 
ing  growth  in  jobs  available.  The  labor  force  in  such 
primary  industries  as  agriculture  and  fisheries  has  be 
come  extremely  small,  but  there  has  been  a  rapid  in 
crease  in  the  secondary  and  tertiary  industries.  From 
1962  to  1963  the  increase  of  the  labor  force  in  the 
construction  industry  was  17.7%,  in  the  wholesale  and 
retail  industry  11.1%,  and  2.6%  in  manufacturing. 
The  mining  industry  showed  a  decrease  of  16.6%  as 
compared  with  1962.  There  was  also  a  decrease  of 
those  employed  in  large  enterprises. 

In  prewar  and  wartime  Japan  the  workers  had 
been  overworked  and  had  operated  at  a  distinct  dis 
advantage,  but  the  situation  has  now  radically  chang 
ed,  as  labor  shortage  has  become  a  serious  problem. 
1  here  is  still  great  discrimination  as  between  university 
graduates  and  graduates  from  high  or  middle  Schools, 
and  the  latter  still  experience  some  of  the  old  oppres 
siveness.  The  reason  is  that  wages  are  determined 
not  by  the  technical  know-how  or  the  kind  of  work, 
but  the  school  from  which  an  employee  graduated  and 
by  his  age  or  working  experience.  As  wages  increase 
with  length  of  service,  younger  laborers  are  paid  less, 
and  the  demand  for  laborers  of  this  kind  was  2.6 
times  the  supply.  It  is  still  difficult,  however,  to  find 
work  for  the  middle-age  or  older  age  groups,  and  the 
government  has  accordingly  begun  to  employ  older 
people.  To  solve  the  labor  shortages  the  government 


30  1963  IN  REVIEW 

is  also  planning  to  make  manpower  more  mobile  and 
to  change  the  present  basis  of  long-term  or  life-time 
employment,  so  that  manpower  can  be  more  effectively 
used. 

So  far  as  wages  are  concerned,  graduates  of  the 
middle  schools  had  a  starting  salary  of  9480  Yen 
(about  $27)  and  high  school  graduates  one  of  12,800 
Yen  (about  $36).  A  rise  of  11%  and  respectively 
took  place  in  1963  and  a  similar  rise  is  expected  in 
1964.  The  smaller  enterprises  paid,  if  anything  a 
much  higher  starting  salary  to  secure  labor.  Average 
salary  rates  are  still  lower  in  Japan  than  most  ad 
vanced  nations,  but  it  is  difficult  to  make  exact  com 
parisons.  Japanese  laborers  look  for  the  same  rem 
uneration  as  laborers  in  Europe,  and  low  rates  are 
contrasted  with  the  economic  status  of  the  enterprises. 
The  Sanction  of  Clause  87  of  the  ILO  convention  is 
related  to  this  problem. 

The  young  are  also  critical  of  the  old  basis  of  rem 
uneration  which  goes  by  years  of  service  rather  than 
technical  abiblity  and  they  call  for  equal  pay  for  equal 
work. 

CONCLUSION 

There  have  been  other  effects  from  the  rapid  growth 
in  the  Japanese  economy.  One  of  the  most  serious 
is  the  decrease  in  the  agricultural  population.  It  is 
said  that  the  only  workers  on  the  farms  are  women 
and  children.  Increase  in  crops  is  due  to  mechaniza 
tion,  but  there  is  insufficient  appreciation  in  rural  val 
ues,  and  the  gap  between  agricultural  and  industrial 
workers  is  so  great  that  the  population  cannot  be 
economically  assimilated.  The  rise  in  the  price  of  agri 
cultural  products  is  due  to  the  gap  between  the  genera.1 


JAPANESE  ECONOMY  31 

growth  of  income  and  the  ahility  of  agriculture  to 
raise  its  productive  power. 

One  may  refer,  too,  to  the  relation  between  em 
ployers  and  employees.  In  1963  there  were  365  labor 
union  organizations  with  over  nine  million  members. 
The  postwar  development  here  has  been  incredible, 
and  Japan  is  now  on  a  par  with  the  advanced  coun 
tries.  Of  the  members,  however,  88%  belong  to  the 
big  enterprises  and  establishment  organizations.  There 
have  been  demands  for  higher  wages  to  reach  Euro 
pean  standards,  and  for  shorter  working  hours.  One 
should  notice  that  Sohyo  (the  largest  Union)  is  seek 
ing  earnestly  to  organize  unions  within  the  small  and 
medium-sized  firms. 

We  are  seeking  to  catch  up  with  Western  European 
standards,  but  need  to  eradicate  the  confusion  brought 
about  by  the  recent  rapid  growth.  On  the  one  hand, 
we  need  to  increase  exports  and  investment,  and,  on 
the  other  hand,  we  need  the  repletion  of  social  capital 
in  terms  of  roads,  railways,  harbors,  and  housing,  to 
gether  with  improvments  in  agricultural  productivity 
and  in  the  small  enterprises.  One  may  point,  too,  to 
the  need  of  some  form  of  social  security,  and  growth 
in  educational  institutions,  and  institutions  for  the  wel 
fare  of  laborers  and  the  impoverished. 

The  national  budget  of  3200  billion  yen  (about 
$8,960,000,000)  shows  a  rise  of  14%  in  1963,  and 
the  plan  for  financial  investment  at  1340  billion  yen 
(about  $3,750,000,000)  shows  an  increase  of  29.8%. 
This  is  the  largest  budget  in  Japanese  history,  and 
reflects  the  present  standing  of  Japanese  economy. 
Whilst  the  course  is  a  zig-zag  one,  it  would  not  be 
wrong  to  assert  that  the  Japanese  economy  is  steadily 
advancing. 


CHAPTER  3 

CHANGING  TRENDS  IN  THE  WITNESS  OF 
THE  CHURCH  IN  POST-WAR  JAPAN.* 

Masao  Takenaka. 
Some  Basic  Considerations 

There  are  two  basic  approaches  in  the  consideration 
of    post-war   questions.     The  one    is    concerned    with 
practical  development,  and  the  other  with  critical  ap- 
prizement.     To  deal  first  with  practical  development— 
in  the  years  since  the  war  there  have  been  tremendous 
changes  both  in  the  church  and  in  society  as  a  whole. 
To    turn   to  the  rural  society  for  an    illustration,    one 
may    say    that    the    Agrarian    Reform    was    the    most 
radical  piece  of  legislation  under  the  Occupation.     The 
straw  roof  gives  place  to  the  tile,  and  the  'good  har 
vest'    which  formerly  was  a  rarity,   is   now    common 
place.     When  I  was  at  Union    Theological    Seminary 
in  New  York,  I  spoke  with  friends  about  the  problems 
relating  to  Japanese  rural  society,  and  they  made  the 
suggestion  that  Japanese  agriculture  should  be  mecha 
nized    in  order  to  increase  productivity,  but  this    was 
almost  unthinkable  for  the  Japanese    then.     But    now 
tractors  produced  by  the  industrious  and  skilful  Japa 
nese  are  in  use  in  various  places,  though  at  the  time— 
950— it  was  even  beyond  the  prediction  of   many 
Japanese  agricultural  experts.     From  now  on  Japanese 

[cultural  productivity  will  be  further  improved  with 

increased  mechanization  and  an  increased  use  of  ferti- 

As  a  result,  the  surplus  labor  force  has    been 

'Translated  from  a  paper  read  at  a  Kyodan-related  Conference    on 
Social  Questions,  held  in  July  1962. 


TRENDS  IN  WITNESS  33 

able  to  move  from  the  country  to  the  town,  and  the 
new  problem  in  Japan  is  how  this  shifted  labor  force 
is  going  to  add  to  Japan's  productivity. 

Japan's  development  during  the  past  seventeen  years 
has  not  been  without  its  occasional  recessions.  There 
has  always  been  the  upward  thrust,  but,  rather  than 
a  staircase,  the  zig-zag  track  of  a  train  ascending  a 
mountain  would  describe  the  development. 

A  good  example  of  how  things  have  developed  is 
the  matter  of  the  Emperor's  status,  Although  the 
Emperor.  .  .  was  declared  to  be  human,  he  is  not  the 
same  as  an  ordinary  man,  and  so  the  reverse  course 
away  from  the  human  can  be  said  to  be  involved. 
A  Burmese  Doctor,  participating  in  a  Japanese  Speech 
Contest,  appeared  on  T.V.  and  made  the  following 
criticism  of  the  Japanese  :  'A  Japanese  is  very  correct 
in  his  procedure,  and  even  in  the  midst  of  a  busy 
society,  when  he  greets  anyone  in  the  street,  he  will 
turn  about  and  bow  repeatedly.  In  Burma,  apart  from  a 
king  or  a  state  guest,  such  a  greeting  would  not  occur. 
However,  when  an  important  decision  is  to  be  made, 
Japanese  demonstrate  the  same  politeness,  and,  as  a 
result,  no  decision  is  reached,  or,  at  best,  it  is  am 
biguous.' 

But  now  to  turn  to  the  church — Like  society  in  gener 
al,  the  Church's  development  has  followed  a  zig-zag 
track.  It  is  for  this  reason  particularly  that  the 
missionary  in  Japan  needs  patience.  Otis  Cary,  the 
author  of  the  two-volume  history  on  Christianity  in 
Japan,  engaged  in  evangelism,  whilst  teaching  English 
at  the  school  set  up  by  the  Daimyo  of  Okayama,  and, 
in  his  report  to  the  American  Board,  wrote:  'In 
Japan,  if  you  are  in  a  hurry,  you  must  go  a  round 
about  way.  As  a  Japanese  proverb  puts  it,  it  is 
important  to  do  what  may  seem  to  be  unimportant.' 


34  1%3  IN  REVIEW 

What  he  wrote  does  not  only  apply  to  foreigners,  as 
Japanese  also  try  to  settle  problems  in  a  hurry.  So 
ciety,  however,  will  not  accept  such  a  procedure,  and 
with  the  passage  of  time,  people  lose  heart.  Because 
of  this  distinctively  Japanese  characteristic,  being  in 
the  church  as  well,  it  is  necessary  to  take  one's  time 
and  plod  on  a  step  at  a  time.  There  is  no  blueprint 
for  a  speedy  improvement  in  the  church :  like  a 
mountain-climber,  one  must  plod  on  step  by  step. 

To  turn  to  the  second  approach  -  A  tendency  to  be 
critical  is  rooted  deep  in  the  Japanese  character.  Criti 
cism  is  necessary,  but  it  should  be  constructive.  In 
stead  of  seeking  to  trip  up  somebody  with  negative 
criticism,  whilst  recognizing  the  defects  in  others,  we 
should  seek  to  give  an  evaluation  of  the  situation 
which  is  constructive,  and  in  mutual  and  intimate 
interdependence  seek  the  attaining  of  a  common  goal. 
This  means  that,  in  looking  at  Japan's  post-war  his 
tory  I  must  not  only  criticize,  but  give  a  constructive 
evaluation  through  the  eyes  of  faith. 

Through  the  scriptures  we  have  come  to  know  that, 
in  the  midst  of  human  pain  and  anguish,  or  amid 
social  injustice,  evil,  impurity  and  failure,  God  is  at 
work  redemptively,  and  through  the  revelation  in 
Christ  we  know  that  God  is  at  work  in  this  world's 
history,  and  we  can  accordingly  look  at  history  with 
appreciation.  At  the  same  time,  in  our  evaluation  of 
man,  whilst  being  aware  of  human  sinfulness,  we  are 
also  aware  that  it  is  to  such  earthen  vessls  that  the 
gifts  of  God's  grace  have  been  given. 

In  dealing  with  the  post-war  history  of  the  Church 
I  should  like  to  make  four  divisions. 


TRENDS  IN  WITNESS  35 


I.     Tho  period  of  restoration     (1945-1950) 

During  this  era  of  social  confusion,  the  black  market 
and  inadequate  rations,  the  Church  (sc.  the  Kyodan) 
through  the  instrumentality  of  the  Inter-Board  Com 
mittee  for  Christian  Work  in  Japan  put  its  main  effort 
into  the  restoration  of  the  burnt-out  churches.  Out 
of  457  which  had  been  destroyed  242  were  restored. 
At  the  same  time  the  churches  planned  an  evangelistic 
movement  to  preach  the  Gospel  to  those  caught  in 
the  post-war  spiritual  vacuum.  In  1946  the  'Christian 
Movement  for  the  Construction  of  a  New  Japan'  was 
inaugurated  with  the  aim  of  winning  three  million 
souls.  At  that  time,  too,  Christianity,  under  the 
occupation  of  the  victorious  American  forces,  faced 
a  favorable  opportunity,  which  was  like  an  incoming 
tide.  Following  the  tendency  of  the  time  large  num 
bers  of  people,  full  of  expectation  and  curiosity,  knock 
ed  at  the  doors  of  the  Church,  but  the  Church,  which 
could  do  little  more  than  tackle  its  own  restoration 
and  launch  the  evangelistic  compaign,  did  not  have 
sufficient  strength  to  answer  their  expectations,  and 
people  did  not  become  added  to  the  Church  in  great 
numbers.  A  number  of  questions  are  involved  here, 
but  1  should  like  to  make  four  points :- 

(1)  The  churches,  in  the  war-time  loss  of  person 
nel    and    buildings,  had  suffered  a   deep    injury,    and 
were  exercising  all  their  strength  in  the  work  of    re 
storation.      So    far    as    society    was     concerned,     the 
churches    could  do  little  more  than    re-establish    their 
organizational  identity. 

(2)  There  had  been  problems  with  the    establish 
ment    of    the    Kyodan    from    the    start.      There    had 
previously    been    a    voluntary    movement    within    the 


36  1963  IN  REVIEW 

churches,  which  had  unity  as  its  goal,  and  a  united 
church  was  the  fruition  of  that  movement,  but  it  is 
still  an  unquestionable  fact  that  the  actual  constituting 
of  the  Kyodan  as  a  United  Church  was  the  result  of 
war-time,  national  demands,  and  particularly  the  law 
governing  religious  associations.  As  a  result,  at  the 
end  of  the  war,  the  Kyodan,  far  from  being  able  to 
promote  its  work  outside  the  church,  was  immediately 
confronted  with  the  problem  of  dissolution  or  secession 
within  the  church. 

(3)  There  was  no  clear  theological  approach  to  social 
questions.  Up  to  this  time  the  people  who  had  em 
phasized  social  work  represented  a  liberal  standpoint. 
The  people  concerned  for  ethics  followed  a  pietistic, 
individualistic  ethic,  whilst  those  with  a  real  depth  in 
the  understanding  of  the  Gospel  were  unable  to  reach 
a  theological  understanding  in  relation  to  society.  The 
Pastor  Akaiwa  affair  is  a  case  in  point.  He  emphasiz 
ed  a  dualistic  standpoint,  making  a  sharp  distinction 
between  faith  and  society.  Faith  was  possible  because 
of  the  grace  of  God,  and  its  content  was  made 
manifest  throught  the  revelation  in  Jesus  Christ,  but 
society  was  understood  as  something  dependent  upon 
our  reason,  and  so  social  activity  was  held  to  belong 
to  the  sphere  of  sociology.  (The  consequence  was 
that,  theologically,  he  would  follow  Karl  Earth,  but, 
sociologically,  his  guide  would  be  Karl  Marx!) 

(4)  The  fact  that,  after  the  war,  church  reconstruc 
tion  was  too  lightly  considered  is  distasteful  to  us, 
and  even  today  it  is  a  problem  that  must  be  carefully 
considered.  When  one  customarily  uses  the  word 
re-construction  or  re-habilitation,  the  re-  means  that 
one  must  once  again  build  upon  some  foundation, 
but  what  we  really  needed  to  think  about  much  more 
seriously  was  the  nature  of  the  base  upon  which  we 


TRENI»  IN  WITNESS 

were  to  re-build.  Immediately  after  the  war  what  we 
should  have  done  was  to  exercise  ourselves  to  discover 
exactly  the  extent  to  which  we  had  parted  from  the 
true  form  of  the  Church  during  the  years  before  and 
during  the  war.  Today,  after  17  years,  we  have 
come  to  the  question  of  'constitutional  reform',  but 
would  it  not  have  been  advisable  for  the  church  im 
mediately  after  the  war  to  have  made  all  haste  to 
make  a  new  start,  based  upon  repentance  and  stringent 
self-criticism?  Was  it  not  then  our  duty  to  consider 
the  question  of  responsibility  for  the  war,  a  clear  at 
titude  with  respect  to  the  status  of  the  Emperor,  our 
economic  relationship  with  the  Church  overseas  etc.  ? 
The  Church  in  its  pain  could  have  shared  in  the 
public  anguish  and  served  the  public,  fully  conscious 
of  its  witness. 

II.     The  Period  of  Internal  Formation  in  the  Kyodan 
(1950-1954). 

To  look  first  at  the  external  situation — The  Korean 
War  was  in  progress — a  time  when  post-war  idealistic 
pacificism  was  encountering  severe  shaking,  and  when 
Japanese  independence  from  Occupation  policies  mani 
fested  itself  in  a  form  of  reaction.  During  this  period 
the  Church  had  no  immediate  relationship  with  society, 
and  some  of  the  Church's  internal  problems  came  to 
a  head.  I  should  like  to  make  four  points  with  regard 
to  relationships  between  Church  and  Society  at  this 
period  :- 

(1)  The  Church,  in  its  attempt  to  attain  internal 
completeness,  was  confronting  denominational  problems 
and  also  problems  of  secession.  These  denominational 
problems  reached  their  peak  in  1950,  and  a  report 
was  put  out  at  the  6th.  General  Conference  of  the 
Kyodan.  As  a  result,  in  place  of  a  further  dismantl- 


38  1963  IN  REVIEW 

ing  process,  what  remained  of  the  Kyodan  became 
one,  and  walked  in  the  direction  of  a  true  'church 
formation.  The  practical  manifestation  was  the  1954 
decision  on  a  'Confession  of  Faith'  and  'Principles  for 
Life'.  It  is  at  this  point  that  one  can  see  the  United 
Church  founded  not  by  some  external  directive,  but 
on  the  basis  of  an  internal  proclamation  of  faith. 

(2)  There  was  an  advance,  in  theological  enquiry 
within  the  Church,  and  in  1950  a  Study  Conference 
on  Social  Matters  took  place  at  Gotemba,  which  laid 
down  a  theological  basis  for  the  approach  to  the 
confused  state  of  social  problems.  In  place  of  in 
dividualistic  piety  or  idealistic  activism  which  split  up 
church  and  society,  and  tended  in  a  dualistic  direction, 
it  was  understood  that  God,  as  revealed  in  Jesus 
Christ,  is  both  Creator  of  the  world  and  Redeemer  of 
all  mankind,  and  is  working  within  today's  society 
through  the  Holy  Spirit.  Accordingly  the  Church 
is  to  witness  to  God's  work  in  society  and  to  serve 
society,  and  this  social  responsibility  is  subsumed 
within  theology. 

Subsequently  the  Kyodan  was  able  to  push  on  to 
social  activity,  setting  up  a  Study  Commission  for 
Social  Problems,  and  came  to  the  point  of  making 
public  statements,  as  occasion  arose,  with  regard  to 
questions  of  peace,  labour  union  activities,  social  se 
curity  etc.  It  should  be  noted,  however,  that  such 
statements  were  not  directed  so  much  to  society  as  to 
the  church,  being  in  the  nature  of  didactic  utterances 
for  the  church.  None  the  less,  as  in  the  case  of 
other  matters,  too,  due  to  the  faulty  character  of  com 
munication  within  the  Church,  there  was  no  deep 
consciousness  of  its  significance  within  the  Church  as 
a  whole.  In  1954,  the  'Confession  of  Faith'  was 
determined,  but  one  should  note  that  to  the  eschatolo- 


TRENDS  IN  WITNESS  39 

gical  expression  of  the  faith  there  was  added  a  clause 
which  called  for  a  practical  approach  to  society.  At 
the  same  time,  in  the  *  Principles  for  Life,'  there  was 
precise  emphasis  on  responsibility  with  regard  to  jus 
tice  and  love  in  society  and  international  peace  and 
order. 

(3)  The  organizations  for  evangelism  were  set  up 
after  a  variety  of  patterns.     Before  the  war  there  had 
been  emphasis  on  '  rural  and  other  forms  of   evange 
lism',    but    at   this    time    'occupational    evangelism' 
was   newly  tackled.     Up  to  this  time  evangelism  had 
been  thought  of  in  relation  to  its  object — whether  the 
youth  or  the  women's  division — and  the  methods  used 
had  involved  the  use  of  audio-visual  aids,  home  visita 
tion,  etc.     'Occupational  evangelism',    was    to   differ 
widely  from    these,    both    in    terms   of   objective   and 
methodology.     The  Christian  is  to  bear  witness  at  the 
place  of   his   occupation.     At  the  beginning  '  occupa 
tional    evangelism  '    started    with    Bible    Study  groups 
at  the  place  of  work,  but  in    its    development    it    has 
also    come    to    deal    with    the    way    a   Christian  lives, 
serves  and  witnesses  in  the  place  at  which  he  works. 

(4)  At  this  time  the  over-all    membership   of    the 
Kyodan    went    into    decline.     As    compared    with   the 
immediate    post-war    period,    apart    from    the   drop  in 
membership  due  to  secession,  one    cannot    but    notice 
the  tremendous  drop  in  the  number  or  baptisms.     To 
look  at  the  statistics :-     In  1949  the  baptisms  number 
ed    14,052,    but    in    1957  the  figure  was  7,928.     In  a 
mere  eight  years  the  number  of    baptisms   had    drop 
ped  about  44%.     If  one  takes  Church  attendance  and 
baptisms  in  1948  as  100%,  in  1955  attendances  were 
126%,  but  baptisms  69%.      (The  decrease  in  the  num 
ber  of  baptisms,  though  regrettable,  was  by  no  means 
as  great  as  might  appear.     Moreover  the  same  pheno- 


40  1963  IN  REVIEW 


menon  occurred  in  a  number  of  other  denomina 
tions.  For  example,  the  Church  of  the  Nazarene  ex 
perienced  a  drop  of  about  49%  in  the  same  period, 
while  the  Reformed  Church  had  a  decrease  of  12% 
for  these  years.  The  Free  Methodist  Church  experi- 
ienced  a  decrease  of  approximately  40%  between  1954 
and  1957.  Furthermore,  during  this  period  of  eight 
years  (1949-57),  some  thirteen  denominational  groups, 
with  a  total  of  about  300  churches,  seceded  from  the 
United  Church.  These  secessions  obviously  contribut 
ed  to  the  44%  decrease  in  the  number  of  baptisms  to 
the  United  Church,  which  is  not  significantly  greater 
than  some  of  the  other  denominations.  Edit.)  When 
the  post-war  rising-tide  of  occupational  policy  gave 
place  to  the  returning  tide,  anti-Christianity  was  one 
of  the  manifestations  of  anti- Americanism. 

Such  events  as    the    affair    over    the    Nuclear    Tests 
were    also    a  deep  cause  of  the  lack  of  confidence  to- 
Christian  countries.     The  Church  in  its  decline 
was  not  adequate    for    the    situation,    and,    as    in    the 
post-war    period    it    had    not    been    able   to  cope  with 
those    who    pressed    into    the    churches,    so    now    this 
period    was    one    confined    to    inner    church  activities 
strengthening  of  its  Confession  of  Faith    and    the 

rmation  of  a  theological  approach  towards  society. 

During  this  period  there  was  the  'Five  Year  Evangel- 

3lan',   which  had  as  its  chief  aim  the   bringing 

Japan    into    the   Church,   but  in  actual  fact  all 

that  one  can  say  of  it  is  that  it  resulted  in  the  strength- 

g  of  the  structure  and  life  of  the  Church. 

III.     The  Period  up  to  the  Missionary  Centenary 
(1954-1959) 

This  was  the  period  when  the  Centenary  was  empha- 


TRENDS  IN  \\TTNESS  41 

sized  on  all  sides,  and  I  should  like  to  make  four  points 
about  this  period  as  well  :- 

(1)  Despite  the  Five  Year  Plan  and  the  subsequent 
Centenary  Evangelism,  the  statistical   falling-away    in 
tensified,    and   the  era  was  one  of  decline.     An  illus 
tration  of  this  is  the  Church  School.     In  1952  pupils 
numbered  140,000,  but  in  1958  the  number  had  shrunk 
to  90,000.     Despite  the  lavish  use  of  money  on  Crusad 
es,  the  actual  situation  was  that  the  falling-off  was  in 
no  way  impeded.     We  are  gradually  growing  conscious 
of  the  need  for  the  Kyodan,   which  has  had    the    an 
guish    of    witnessing    such    a    decline    to    investigate 
thoroughly  the  causes  of  that  decline. 

(2)  The  organization  of  the    Kyodan    was    gradu 
ally    fixed.       A    Research    Institute    on    the    Mission 
of    the    Church    was    established,  and  five  divisions — 
theology,  evangelism,    education,    social    matters,    and 
international  affairs — was  set  up.   In  was  inadequate,  but 
the  fact  that  it  did  assemble  materials,  and  steps  had 
been  taken  to  organize  the  Institute,  was  itself  indica 
tive  of  the  fact  that  the  Kyodan  recognized  the  need 
for  investigating  its  activities. 

(3)  Together  with  advance    in    industrial    society, 
from  1954  'occupational'  evangelism  was  initiated.    De 
spite    the    use    of   the    word    '  occupational  ' ,    doctors 
teachers    and    '  salary    men  '    predominated.      In    that 
context    a    question  that  the  Church  must  consciously 
consider  in  its  function  qua  neighbor  is  that  of  organ 
ized  labor.      It  is  not  a  matter  of  adopting  a  flattering 
attitude  towards  labor,  but  of  sharing  the  burden  and 
witnessing  to  them  of  the  justice  and  love  that   there 
are  in  Christ.     In  addition  the  Church  must  exert  its 
strength  to  restore  the  dignity  of  their  human  nature. 
The  Committee  for  '  occupational  evangelism  '  in  1958 
put  out  *  The  Working  Man  ',  and  amidst  toil  it  con- 


1963  IN  REVIEW 

tinues  today  to  be  put  out,  and,  in  appraisal  it  can  be 
said  that  the  Church  thus  provides  a  place  for  conver 
sation  in  the  midst  of  silence  in  the  mutual  considera 
tion  of  the  problems  of  society  and  the  laborer. 

(4)  This  poin,t  has  some  connection  with  the  next 
period,  but  in  the  matter  of  the  Anti- Violence  Law* 
and  the  Security  Pact*  etc.,  which  were  national 
movements  and  piled  up  into  a  whole  series  of  social 
demonstrations,  the  Church  took  a  fairly  positive  stand 
point  both  in  what  it  said  to  society  and  in  its  actual 
activity. 

These  affairs  raised  a  whole  variety  of  problems  and 
a  certain  measure  of  friction,  but  they  caused  us  to 
give  due  time  to  reflection  and  constructive  investiga 
tion,  for  the  Church  must  consider  how  it  is  to  be 
loyal  to  Christ  and  yet  work  effectively  for  society. 
In  1958,  "  The  Christian's  Guide  for  Social  action  " 
was  formulated  by  the  United  Church.  The  Keynote 
of  this  affirmation  is  that  "  Christians  as  new  men  in 
Christ  are  able  with  hope  and  courage  to  stand  up 
against  the  power  of  evil  of  this  world  and  the  threat 
of  death.  .  The  first  section  of  the  Guide  reveals 
how  completely  the  sense  of  social  responsibility  of  the 
church  is  rooted  in  deep  theological  conviction  :  "  The 
Christian's  action  in  society  is  that  of  one  who  serves 
God  the  Creator  of  heaven  and  earth,  the  Heavenly 
Father  who  revealed  himself  in  Christ.  .  .  Man  the 
creature  can  know  the  meaning  of  history  and  rightly 
participate  in  the  processes  of  history  only  as  one  who 
knows  God,  loves  God  and  serves  God.  When  he 
forgets  these  things  he  becomes  the  enemy  of  God 

The  allusion  is  to  the  unrest  caused  by  the  proposed  '  Anti-Viol- 
:    Measure',    which    seemed    to  threaten    the   freedom   of   the 
people,  and  to  the  revision  of  the  Security  Pact  with  the  U   S   A 
(Ed.) 


TRENDS  IN  WITNESS  43 

and  invites  social  disorder.  .  .  In  all  his  earthly  ethical 
action  the  Christian  is  aware  of  the  limitations  of 
human  action  and  must  resolutely  separate  himself 
from  illusions  like  those  of  idealistic  ethics  which 
dreams  of  a  kingdom  of  human  moral  perfection  and 
seeks  it  in  the  direction  of  humanistic  social  achieve 
ment.  However,  rejoicing  that  God  deigns  to  use 
even  sinful  men  as  His  instruments,  we  do  not  retreat 
from  historical  realities,  filled  as  they  are  with  suffer 
ing  and  dispair,  but,  looking  forward  to  the  time  when 
our  Lord  will  come  again  in  glory  according  to  His 
promise,  as  Judge  and  King,  to  perfect  all  things,  we 
enter  into  these  realities  in  Christ.  .  .  .  Man's  justifica 
tion  is  by  faith  alone,  never  by  works.  However,  the 
faith  on  which  grace  is  bestowed  unceasingly  demands 
works  of  love." 

IV.     The  present  stage   (Since  1960) 

The  present  stage  hardly  belongs  to  the  realm  of 
historical  investigation,  and  is  more  the  preserve  of 
the  future,  but  one  can  use  the  current  terminology 
of  the  Kyodan  and  speak  of  '  the  constitutional  reform 
of  the  Church  '.  As  I  said  at  the  very  beginning,  the 
track  we  are  following  is  a  zig-zag  one,  and  it  is  like 
ly  to  continue  so,  with  the  result  that  our  work  calls 
for  patience.  What,  then,  is  it  important  for  us  to 
keep  in  mind? 

(1)  In  speaking  of  'constitutional  reform',  up  till 
now,  in  the  face  of  a  demonstrated  concern  over 
quantity,  the  emphasis  has  been  laid  on  quality.  This, 
however,  does  not  involve  an  underestimate  of  quanti 
ty.  The  Church  in  Japan  is  a  minority,  but,  qua  a 
minority,  there  is  need  to  consider  the  qualitative 
character  of  the  course  it  is  to  follow.  It  is  not  our 


44  1963  TN  REVIEW 


vocation  to  be  a  minority  which  drags  along  behind 
society ;  the  Church  is  called  to  be  a  minority  which 
makes  known  its  true  form  in  accordance  with  God's 
Word,  and  which,  as  a  forgiven  group  of  people, 
fulfils  its  creative  function  within  society. 

(2)      Involved  in  our  understanding  of  society  is  the 
place  where  the  revelation  given  in  Christ  is  operative. 
Not    only    is    there     much    confusion     and     injustice 
in    Japan    and    the    world ;    they    are    also    the    place 
where  God's    redemption    is    wrought    out,    the    place 
where  God's  work  is  accomplished.     From  this  stand 
point  we  must  make  a    situational    analysis    of    Japan 
in    the    light    of   our  Christian  faith,  and  we  need  to 
understand    what    God    is    meaning    to    do    in    Japan. 
That  is  not  simply  the  role  of  the  pastor  or  the  soci 
ologist  ;  it  is  the  role  all  must  take.     In  1  Corinthians 
we  read  that   the    brethren    in    the    early    Church 
joined    together    in    their  hymns  of  praise,  in  hearing 
the  Word,  and  in  instruction,   but  then  we   have    the 
'  If   someone    sitting    in    his  place  receives  a 
evelation,   let  the  first  speaker    stop  '     (1    Corinthians 
:    the    Kyodan   were  to  follow  this  injunc- 
in  place  of  a  piece-meal  division  of  society,  mini- 
try,  evangelism,   mission  study  etc.,  one  would   hope 
for  a  concentration  of  our  work. 

(3)      When  one  asserts  that  it  is  not  clear  what  the 
authority  is  and  what  mode  of  activity  it  is 
o  engage  in,  when  it  speaks  to  society,  the  Church's 
M>n  social  problems  becomes  hesitant.     But  when 
hurch  engages  in  activity,  even  though  it  is  able 
k  only  at  different  levels,  the  obligation  to  speak 
The  Church  does  not   have    only    one    way 
king      I  think  it  necessary  that  an  untrammell- 
I  freedom  be  demonstrated  within  the  Church      Par 
ticularly  in  the  Church,  when  there   is    division    else- 


TRENDS  IN  \VITNESS  45 

where,  it  ought  to  be  possible  to  learn  together  and 
talk  together  without  creating  division.  It  is  wrong, 
however,  to  say  that  only  when  the  whole  body  of 
the  Church  has  achieved  unity,  should  it  speak. 

(4)  Finally,  in  the  midst  of  a  society  which  ex 
periences  violent  change,  and  in  an  age  when  we  must 
ascertain  our  nation's  future  and  proceed  along  that 
future,  apart  from  the  unconcern  of  the  intellectuals, 
one  must  fear  a  lapse  into  something  resembling  a- 
pathy.  Particularly  after  the  Security  Pact  affair,  were 
not  all  looking  to  the  method  of  the  professional  wrest 
ler  rather  than  to  the  method  of  Diet  debate?  The 
pattern  of  the  wrestling  bout  in  its  application  to  par 
liamentary  procedure  has  not  been  removed.  It  is 
precisely  in  such  a  situation  that  the  Church  must 
proceed,  taking  the  form  in  Christ  of  a  humanity 
which  bears  true,  social  responsibility.  We  are  to 
make  use  of  the  gifts,  man-power  and  organization 
that  has  been  bestowed  upon  us,  and  work  for  the 
growth  of  the  Church,  and  seek  to  fulfil  the  Church's 
task  in  the  world  :  (Matthew  28  :  19-20) . 


CHAPTER  4 
CURRENT  THOUGHT  IN  JAPAN 

Masatoshi  Matsushita 
What  do  we  mean  by  '  Current  Thought '  ? 

I  do  not  really  know  whether  there  is  such  a  thing 
as  '  current  thought '  in  Japan.  It  is  more  likely  that 
we  shall  find  current  ideas  or  a  variety  of  streams  of 
thought,  some  of  which  will  be  deeply  founded  and 
others  ill  founded.  Certain  ideas  will  gain  in  populari 
ty,  but  that  will  not  preserve  them  from  superficiality, 
whereas  others,  though  apparently  unpopular  and  re 
garded  as  defunct  in  some  areas,  may  be  very  influential 
and  determinative  in  our  national  destiny.  It  is,  ac 
cordingly,  difficult  to  determine  what  is  truly  signifi 
cant.  Thoughts  which  are  popular  in  the  journals 
may  be  or  may  not  be  important. 

Japanese  journalism  is  always  interested  in  some 
thing  new — but  that  '  something  new  '  is  not  usually 
some  newly  born  thought  or  philosophy,  but  rather 
some  new  importation.  To  give  an  illustration — Ex 
istentialist  thinking  is  not  necessarily  new,  for  it  occurs 
in  both  Christianity  and  Buddhism,  and  yet,  for  the 
journalists,  it  is  the  '  commodity '  imported  from 
France.  In  its  interpretation  of  humanity,  existential 
ism  can  be  said  to  have  lasting  significance,  and  it  is 
this  aspect  which  is  embodied  within  Christian  thou 
ght,  but  the  *  existentialism  '  of  the  journalists  is  a 
passing  whim  and  hardly  important  and,  in  actual  fact, 
we  may  say  that  the  '  phase  of  existentialism  '  is  al 
ready  a  thing  of  the  past. 


CURRENT  THOUGHT  47 


The  answer  of  the  intelligentsia. 

Some  *  experts  '  on  the  subject  of  *  current  thought ' , 
if  invited  to  write  an  article  of  this  kind,  would  most 
likely  have  checked  the  back  numbers  of  Chuokoron 
(the  Central  Review)  and  Sekai  (the  World) .  These 
two  monthly  journals  possess  high  prestige,  and  repre 
sent  largely  the  standpoint  of  the  intelligentsia.  Our 
'  experts  '  would  have  read  all  the  important  articles  and 
then  made  an  analytical  comparison,  and  then  been  in  a 
position  to  make  some  conclusions  as  to  the  general 
tendency  of  current  thought.  Such  a  survey  might 
claim  to  be  '  objective  '  or  '  scientific  ',  but  I  personally 
would  query  the  value  of  such  a  survey.  The  reason 
is  that  I  question  the  true  importance  of  these  journals. 
Admittedly  they  represent  the  thought  or  mental  at 
titude  of  the  intelligentsia,  but  is  the  thinking  of  the 
intelligentsia  truly  important  ?  It  would  seem  to  be 
negative,  sentimental  and  destructive — the  result  of  a 
vague  mood  rather  than  of  hard  thinking.  One  charac 
teristic  of  the  Japanese  intellectual  is  that  he  is  always 
against  the  Government.  He  is  always  anti-national 
istic — *  international  ',  but  with  an  internationalism  that 
is  always  partial.  In  conflicts  between  the  West  and 
the  Communist  world  they  have  mechanically  taken 
the  side  of  the  latter.  It  is  not  that  they  are  Com 
munists,  for  they  have  no  party  membership.  They 
would  claim  to  be  'neutralist',  and  for  a  long  time 
Nehru  was  their  hero  and  India  was  their  *  Kingdom 
of  Heaven  '.  But  now  that  the  age  of  Nehru  is  past, 
both  Nehru  and  India  are  conveniently  forgotten. 
Where  difficulties  arise,  they  escape  their  dilemma  by 
ignoring  it. 

Let  me  give  Professor  Ikutaro   Shimizu    (of   Gaku- 


48  1963  IN  REVIEW 

shuin  University)  as  an  example  of  mutability  within 
the  ranks  of  the  intelligentsia.  (Incidentally,  he  is 
one  whose  articles  often  appear  in  Chuokoron,  Sekai 
and  other  journals  of  "High  prestige".)  He  was  a 
liberal  before  the  war,  and  a  nationalist  during  the 
war.  Immediately  after  the  war  he  became  a  pragma- 
tist  of  the  American  type,  but  then  adopted  a  Marxist 
standpoint  and  maintained  that  position  for  some  time. 
Recently  he  has  begin  to  criticize  Marxism,  and  one 
may  well  ask  what  the  next  move  will  be  !  I  am  of 
the  opinion  that  such  favorite  sons  of  our  Japanese 
journalism  are  not  really  important  in  determining 
national  destiny. 

I  would  go  so  far  as  to  say  that  the  articles  in  such 
journals  are  little  more  than  commodities  which  fit 
the  peculiar  taste  of  our  intelligentsia.  One  may  well 
query  the  advisability  of  using  the  word  '  thought ' 
with  regard  to  their  products.  It  would  be  more  ap 
propriate  to  classify  them  with  cosmetics,  popular  songs 
or  fashionable  designs! 

May  I  suggest  that  the  dilettante  character  of  what 
our  intelligentsia  produce  is  conditioned  by  the  peculi 
arities  of  Japanese  politics  and  economy  ?  Politics  are 
largely  in  the  control  of  reactionaries,  radicals  or  un 
thinking  liberals.  They  are  experts  in  the  game  of 
politics,  but  have  no  fundamental  political  philosophy. 
They  accordingly  have  little  to  interest  the  intelligent 
sia.  Japanese  economy  has  grown  and  is  still  growing, 
but  the  expansion  is  due  to  the  businessman  and  the 
industrialist,  and  the  politician  and  the  intelligentsia 
have  done  little  to  contribute.  It  has  been  possible 
because  of  inborn  intelligence  and  industriousness  a- 
mongst  the  Japanese.  The  intelligentsia  are,  accord 
ingly,  in  a  class  by  themselves  and  have  nothing  con 
structive  to  offer  because  of  the  very  in-between  charac- 


CURRENT  THOUGHT  49 

ter  of  their  position  in  society.  The  result  is  often  a 
mere  negative  criticism — the  criticism  that  is  derived 
from  non-involvement. 

I  have  spoken  as  if  the  intelligentsia  were  a  group, 
but  it  would  be  a  mistake  to  fail  to  recognize  that, 
qua  individuals,  they  may  have  much  to  offer  of  a 
constructive  or  practical  nature.  Many  of  them,  in 
dividually,  would  characterize  the  distinctive  industri- 
ousness  of  the  Japanese.  I  would  suggest  that,  as  a 
group,  their  influence  is  extremely  negative,  but  that 
they  have  something  to  offer,  when  freed  from  the 
group. 

By  '  current  thought '  I  would  seek  to  define  not 
some  type  of  thinking,  which  may  be  clear  or  vague, 
lasting  or  temporarily  influential  or  non- influential,  but 
rather  that  type  of  thinking  which  either  determines 
or,  at  least  exercises  a  great  influence  on  the  destiny  of 
the  nation. 

The  place  of  Nationalism 

Following  my  definition  of  '  thought '  as  that  which 
greatly  affects  the  destiny  of  the  nation,  I  would  say 
that  '  nationalism  '  exercises  a  very  powerful  influence. 
By  this  I  do  not  necessarily  mean  a  rebirth  of  Fascist 
or  Nazi  ideology,  although  one  cannot  rule  out  the  pos 
sibility  of  such  a  resurgence  whether  here  in  Japan 
or  elsewhere  in  the  world.  There  is  probably  more 
danger  of  such  a  drift  here  in  Japan  than  in  America 
or  England,  but  Japan  is  perhaps  no  further  on  such 
a  road  than  France  or  Italy.  The  correct  antidote 
to  an  extreme  nationalism  would  not  be  an  anti-nation 
alism,  but  a  healthy  regard  for  the  importance  of  the 
nation,  where  dangerous  extremes  could  be  naturally 
eliminated. 


50  !%.*  IN  KI-VIl'AV 

There  arc  some  organizations  of  extreme  nationalism 
which  openly  advocate  violence,  and  one  such  group 
is  held  by  many  to  be  responsible  for  the  assassination 
of  Mr.  Inajiro  Asanuma,  the  former  head  of  the  Social 
ist  Party.  Its  head,  IVlr.  Akao,  would  deny  responsibili 
ty  for  the  crime,  but  both  he  and  other  leaders  frankly 
admired  the  '  courage  '  and  *  patriotism  '  of  Yamagu- 
chi,  the  assassin.  Whilst  the  nationalist  group  may 
not  be  legally  involved  ;  it  is  ideologically  involved. 
There  are  perhaps  five  or  six  organizations  which 
foster  an  extreme  nationalism,  and  there  is  always  the 
possibility  that  young  men  of  twisted  judgement  may 
try  dangerous  and  desperate'  methods. 

The  extreme  right  does  not  limit  its  attacks  to  the 
leftist  groups.  Liberals  and  conservatives  are  far  more 
frequently  their  victims.  The  logic  seems  to  be  that 
liberal  and  conservative  politicians  are  too  laisser  faire 
in  their  attitude  to  the  lelt,  and  so  deserve  punishment. 
Whilst  admitting  both  actual  and  potential  threats  from 
the  ultra-nationalists,  I  would  suggest  that  we  must 
not  over-exaggerate  their  power  and  influence.  Today 
they  are  not  numerous  and  they  have  no  important 
sponsors.  We  are  very  conscious  that  the  nationalists 
were  responsible  for  leading  the  country  to  war,  but 
they  then  had  the  strong  support  of  the  army.  It  was 
the  taxpayer  who  then  financed  the  sponsors  of  the 
ultra-nationalist  movement. 

But  that  army  no  longer  exists,  and  the  National 
Defence  Force  is  very  different  from  the  old  army. 
It  is  theoretically  possible  that  the  present  National 
Defence  I'orce  could  take  the  place-  of  the  old  and 
strong  army,  and  because  of  the  possibility  we  must 
be  on  our  guard.  Our  protection  would  be,  I  feel, 
to  develop  a  sane  nationalism  and  to  bar  the  army 
from  influence  in  politics.  In  other  words,  we  must 


CURRENT  Tiiouciin1  6i 

ensure  that  there  is    no   situation    arising,    where    the 
Defence  Force  would  feel  that  it  must  '  make  a  stand  ". 

A  *  moderate  '  National iam 

In  speaking  of  '  nationalism  '  I  have  so  far  dealt 
only  with  its  extreme  manifestations.  I  have  not  meant 
to  emphasise  so  much  its  importance  as  its  limitations, 
and  it  should  be  sharply  distinguished  from  a  more 
moderate  and  representative  nationalism.  This  latter 
is  not  really  nationalism  at  all  in  an  ideological  sense — 
nor  yet  is  it  organizational.  It  exists  as  a  basic  mood— 
a  more  or  less  unconscious  belief  or,  at  times,  a  com 
mon  sense  attitude. 

The  reason  why  the  Liberal- Democratic  Party  is 
able  to  maintain  its  strong  majority  in  the  Diet  is  be 
cause  of  its  mildly  nationalist  standpoint.  People  do 
not  vote  so  much  for  the  party  as  for  the  mild  and 
common  sense  nationalism  which  it  seems  to  favor. 
As  a  party,  the  Liberal-Democrats  are  disliked  because 
of  their  corruptness  and  inefficiency,  but  the  only  al 
ternative  would  be  to  vote  for  the  Socialists,  and  their 
platform,  being  anti-nationalist,  is  not  generally  ac 
ceptable.  There  are  those  (and  especially  amongst  the 
younger  groups)  who  vote  for  the  Socialists,  even 
though  they  do  not  believe  in  socialism.  They  do  so, 
because  they  cannot  in  good  conscience  support  the 
Liberal -Democrats.  This  standpoint  is  understandable, 
because  the  professional  politicians  of  the  party  in 
power  are,  at  best,  second-class.  They  are  powerful, 
but  they  are  not  respected.  They  can  exercise  power, 
but  have  little  moral  influence.  It  would  be  my  o- 
pinion  that  70%  of  the  voters  for  the  Liberal- Demo 
crats  do  not  really  support  the  party,  but  are  in  favour 
of  a  mildly  nationalistic  policy,  and  that  the  same 


52  1963  IN  REVIEW 

would  be  true  of  50%  of  those  who  cast  a  vote  for 
the  Socialists.  In  other  words,  there  is  no  party  which 
truly  represents  the  feelings  of  the  voter,  and  their 
votes  are  accordingly  divided  between  the  Liberal- 
Democrats  and  the  Socialists.  There  is,  of  course, 
the  Social  Democratic  party,  which  is  distinctly  anti- 
communist.  In  this  sense,  it  can  be  said  to  be  con 
cerned  with  national  interest,  and  it  has  the  support 
of  the  second  largest  federation  of  Labor  Unions.  Its 
present  membership  in  the  Diet  is  23,  and  there  is 
some  possibility  that  it  will  increase  its  membership 
to  40  or  50.  It  will  never,  however,  become,  a  ma 
jority  party,  and  the  reason  is  that  its  leadership  is 
drawn  from  the  intelligentsia  who  have  no  strong 
national  background.  Its  ideas  and  policies  are  mostly 
of  foreign  origin,  and  it  is  too  much  afraid  of  being 
regarded  as  'nationalistic'.  It  can  only  be  a  minori 
ty,  because  no  party  or  system  of  thought  can  be  in 
fluential  in  Japan,  unless  it  be  influenced  by  a  natu 
ral  '  nationalism  '.  It  must  be  recognized  as  Japa 
nese,  and  not  an  importation. 


The  significance  of  the  *  New  Religions '. 

It  may  seem  strange  to  include  the  so-called  '  New 
Religions'  within  a  survey  of  'current  thought',  for 
there  are  many  who  would  ignore  them  whether  a- 
mongst  the  ranks  of  the  University  professors  or  a- 
mongst  the  Christians.  To  ignore  them,  because  they 
are  '  distasteful '  is  to  seek  to  escape  from  reality,  for 
whether  they  be  attractive  or  not,  whether  it  be  for 
tunate  or  unfortunate,  the  '  new  religions  '  do  exist, 
and  they  constitute  a  strong  and  growing  influence  in 
Japanese  thinking  today.  We  cannot  afford  to  ignore 


CURRENT  THOUGHT  53 

them. 

To  define  a  '  new  religion  '  as  a  religious  organiza 
tion  which  is  registered  within  the  Federation  of  the 
New  Religions  would  be  an  oversimplification  and  un 
realistic,  for  such  a  definition  would  rule  out  Soka 
Gakkai,  the  most  powerful  and  aggressive  of  the  new 
movements.  The  latter  would  claim  that  the  Nichiren 
Sho  sect,  which  it  supports,  embraces  the  only  true 
religion,  and  that  all  others  are  false  and  detrimental 
to  Japan's  well-being.  It  will  not,  therefore,  cooper 
ate,  and  so  could  hardly  be  incorporated  in  any  Feder 
ation.  Its  precise  membership  is  uncertain,  but  it  may 
be  approaching  the  eight  million  mark.* 

The  largest  organization  within  the  Federation  of 
the  New  Religions  is  Rissho  Kosei  Kai  with  a  member 
ship  of  upwards  of  two  million,  whilst  Perfect  Liberty 
Kyodan  (commonly  called  P.  L.)  claims  one  million, 
three  hundred  thousand.  Sekai  Kyusei  Kyo  would 
claim  close  to  half  a  million.  The  Federation  includes 
about  70  organizations- with  a  total  membership  of  up 
wards  of  five  million.  If  one  were  to  omit  member 
ship  of  the  one-time  Shinto  Sects,  '  New  Religions  ' 
would  account  for  some  13-14  million,  but  from  a 
practical  point  of  of  view  one  must  include  older  move 
ments  such  as  Tenrikyo  (with  over  two  million  mem 
bers)  and  Konkokyo.  Along  with  the  '  New  Re 
ligions  '  we  should  also  include  some  new  Shinto  and 
Buddhist  sects  which  are  revolting  against  the  old 
tradition.  For  example,  Kodo  Kyodan  is  nominally 
a  part  of  the  Tendai  Sect  of  Buddhism,  but  is  tanta 
mount  to  a  new  sect.  Seicho  no  le  first  insisted  that 
it  was  not  a  religion,  but  a  positivist  approach  to  e- 
thics,  but  now  it  is  registered  as  a  religious  corpora  - 

*See  the  article  on  the  Religious  World  for  the    statistics    of    this 
movement.     (Ed.) 


5-4  1963  IN  REVIEW 

tion. 

There  is  at  least  one  more  powerful  thought-group 
which  claims  not  to  be  a  religion,  so  that  anyone, 
Christian,  Buddhist  or  Shintoist,  can  belong.  It  is 
called  Jissen  Rinri  Koseikai,  and  claims  one  million 
and  three  hundred  thousand. 

If  one  were  to  take  all  such  groups  into  considera 
tion,  it  could  be  estimated  that  25  million  (over  one 
quarter  of  the  pepulation  of  Japan)  are  involved  in 
their  thinking.  It  is  true  that  there  is  little  co-opera 
tion  between  them  of  a  deep  nature,  since  each  wishes 
jealously  to  guard  its  own  interests — but  there  are  com 
mon  traits  within  them  all,  to  which  I  would  like  to 
refer  :- 

(1)  They  were  born  in  Japan,  but  they  all   claim 
to  be  world  religions  and  are  eager  to  propagate  their 
*  gospels  '   in  other  lands  ; 

(2)  They  are  activistic  and  enthusiastic ; 

(3)  They  all  advocate  a  spirit  of  service,  and  act 
ually  practice  it ; 

^  They  are  all   (with  the  possible  exception    of 
Soka  Gakkai)   moderately  nationalistic. 

t  is  in  this  last-named  trait,  that  they  participate  in 
the  general,  unarticulated  feeling  of  the  Japanese, 
ihey  differ  amongst  themselves  in  their  particular 
items  of  belief,  but  their  Japanese  character  is  un 
mistakable. 

There  is  no  way  of    predicting    whether    the    '  new 
will  grow  or  decline.     It  is  probable   that 
will  grow    and    others    decline,    and    that    other 
movements  will  come  into  existence.     I  would  be  bold 
enough  to  predict  that  in  the  next  ten  years  the  num 
bers  will  grow  to  almost  fifty  million. 

An  interesting  and  almost  ironical  feature  of    these 


CURRENT  THOUGHT  55 

new  movements  is  that  they  largely  borrow  from  Christ 
ianity — not  only  in  matters  of  doctrine,  but  (more 
particularly)  in  practice  also.  They  all  teach  and 
practice  unselfish  devotion  and  sacrifice  ;  they  all  teach 
the  value  of  the  individual ;  they  all  emphasize  interna 
tional  friendship  and  peace.  In  terms  of  practice,  one 
may  at  times  query  whether  they  are  not  more  Christ 
ian  than  some  so-called  Christians.  They  have  certain 
ly  done  something  towards  raising  moral  standards  and 
promoting  general  happiness. 

The  intelligentsia  look  down  upon  them  as  supersti 
tions,  but  there  is  much  subjective  thinking  in  the 
definition  of  what  is  and  what  is  not  a  *  superstition  '. 
From  the  standpoint  of  science,  many  were  somewhat 
irrational  in  their  approach  to  life,  but  many  now 
attain  some  modernity  and  a  scientific  outlook — with 
first-class  hospitals  and  universities.  They  are  good 
organizers  and  they  know  how  to  utilize  personnel. 


The  place  of  Communism. 

I  would  not  wish  to  underestimate  the  power  of 
communism  in  Japan.  The  Japanese  Communist  Party 
is  well  organized  and  is  very  aggressive,  but  its  mem 
bership  is  less  than  one  hundred  thousand,  and  there 
is  no  startling  growth  evident.  Unless  Japan  is  con 
quered  by  a  Communist  power,  it  would  seem  unlikely 
that  Japan  will  go  communist — and  that,  once  again, 
is  due  to  the  un-Japanese  character  of  communistic 
ideology. 

Outsiders  wonder  at  the  rapid  modernization  of 
Japan  over  the  past  one  hundred  years.  Japan  is  a 
modern  country,  but  Japan  is  still  oriental  at  heart. 
The  elan  vital  of  Japan  has  not  much  changed.  Christ- 


56  1963  IN  REVIEW 

ianity  has  come  to  Japan,  but  Japan  is  not  Christian. 
What  has  happened  is  that  some  aspects  of  Christ 
ianity,  which  seemed  useful  to  Japan's  well-being, 
were  adopted  and  others  rejected  or  ignored.  Japan 
is  willing  to  take  from  the  West ;  but  essentially  Japan 
remains  Japanese. 


CHAPTER  5 
THE  RELIGIOUS  WORLD  IN  1963* 

William  F.   Woodard 

After  centuries  of  feudalism,  and  nearly  a  century 
of  somewhat  strict  government  supervision,  Japanese 
religious  leaders  in  May,  1952,  for  the  first  time  found 
themselves  untrammeled  by  either  their  own  govern 
ment  or  a  foreign  occupation.  Within  the  limits  of 
laws  governing  all  the  people,  they  were  free  to  de 
velop  their  own  organizations  and  the  course  of  the 
religious  world  in  any  way  they  might  choose.  How 
ever,  since  few  of  them — Buddhist,  Christian,  or 
Shinto — had  made  a  careful  study  of  the  principles 
of  religious  freedom  and  separation  of  church  and 
state,  there  was  no  unanimity  of  opinion  as  to  how 
these  principles  should  be  implemented  ;  and  there 
were  no  carefully  thought  out  proposals  regarding  the 
the  subject.  Consequently,  the  debate  on  this  issue 
continued  during  the  following  decade,  and  through 
out  1962-63,  much  as  it  had  been  carried  on  during 
the  Allied  Occupation. 

At  the  close  of  1963  the  general  trend  of  the  dis 
cussion  appeared  to  favor  a  return  to  some  of  the 
pre-World  War  II  practices,  but  it  seemed  unlikely 
that  there  would  be  any  marked  change  in  the  im 
mediate  future. 

During  the  year  tension  between  opposing  groups 
could  be  noted,  for  example,  in  connection  with  Prime 
Minister  Ikeda's  proposal  to  develop  and  improve 

*  This  article  is  based  on  articles  by  the  writer  which  first  appeared 
in  The  Japan  Times  in  December,  1%3,  and  January,  1%4. 
They  are  used  here  with  the  permission  of  the  publisher. 


58  1963  IN  REVIEW 


Japan's  "  human  resources,"  which  was  presented  as 
a  movement  to  raise  the  moral  and  spiritual  level  of 
the  people.  In  spite  of  this  commendable  objective, 
there  was  strong  opposition  on  the  ground  that  govern 
ment  was  trying  to  interfere  in  religion.  Other  divi 
sions  of  opinion  were  to  be  seen  in  regard  to  such 
matters  as  the  attitude  of  the  people  toward  the  Im 
perial  Family,  the  national  flag,  and  the  national 
anthem. 

The  fact  that  a  record  breaking  crowd  of  175,000 
visited  the  palace  on  January  2,  1963,  normally  would 
be  regarded  as  indicating  a  healthy  state  of  mind 
toward  the  Imperial  Family.  Yet,  because  the  total 
was  noticeably  larger  than  the  102,000  in  1962,  some 
religious  observers  viewed  the  increase  with  apprehen 
sion — as  possibly  indicating  a  reactionary  trend.  As 
a  matter  of  fact,  in  contrast  with  the  inclement 
weather  of  January,  1962,  the  year  1963  was  ushered 
in  with  a  spate  of  good  weather  which  invited  people 
out  of  doors.  Even  so  the  total  was  only  3,000  more 
than  in  1961. 

Other  trends  that  are  sometimes  regarded  as  straws 
in  the  wind  are  the  size  of  the  crowds  visiting  the 
great  Shinto  shrines  on  New  Year's  Day,  and  the 
Imperial  Palace  grounds  on  His  Majesty's  birthday 
(April  29) .  In  no  case,  however,  was  there  an  increase 
in  1963  sufficient  to  justify  any  special  apprehension 
on  the  part  of  critics. 

Some  organized  activities  that  stirred  related  emotions 
were  movements  (1)  to  revive  February  11  as  National 
Foundation  Day,  (2)  to  give  Yasukuni  Shrine  a  status 
other  than  that  of  a  religious  corporation,  (3)  to  make 
August  15  a  Day  of  Remembrance  of  those  that 
sacrificed  their  lives  for  their  country  in  World  War 
)  to  strengthen  the  ethics  courses  in  government 


RELIGIOUS  WORLD  59 

schools  and,  as  mentioned  above,  (5)  to  encourage 
the  use  of  the  national  flag  and  the  national  anthem. 
For  one  reason  or  another,  each  of  these  is  a  sensitive 
point  over  which  religious  leaders  are  often  divided. 

The  issue  concerning  which  the  religious  world  is 
most  vocal,  however,  is  the  proposed  revision  of  the 
Constitution.  In  the  first  place,  many  religious  leaders 
are  opposed  to  any  amendment,  whatsoever,  because  of 
fear  that  a  change  in  the  status  of  the  Emperor  or  a 
revision  of  the  renunciation-of-war-article  will  presage 
a  revival  of  ultranationalism  and  militarism.  In  the 
second  place,  many  of  them  regard  any  possible  change 
in  the  articles  dealing  with  the  fundamental  human 
rights  as  an  opening  wedge  which  will  ultimately 
result  in  giving  a  special  status  to  Shinto  Shrines, 
and  the  Yasukuni  Shrine  in  particular.  There  is  a 
not-unnatural  fear  that  freedom  of  religion  and  the 
separation  of  "church"  and  state  may  thereby  be 
compromised.  Opposition  to  any  change  in  Article 
89,  which  has  to  do  with  the  non-use  of  official  funds 
for  religious  purposes,  is  in  the  same  class. 

Although  the  opponents  of  amending  the  Constitution 
are  to  be  found  in  all  the  major  religious  groups,  at 
one  point  during  the  year  there  was  a  sharp  exchange 
of  communications  between  the  Buddhist  Federation, 
on  the  one  hand,  and  some  Christian  organizations, 
on  the  other,  because  (1)  of  a  proposal  that  the 
Buddhist  Federation  study  the  question  of  amending 
the  Constitution,  and  (2)  the  remarks  of  a  prominent 
Buddhist  leader  favoring  changes  in  both  Articles  20 
and  89.  It  seems  fair  to  say  that,  although  some  re 
ligious  groups  favored  revision,  a  still  larger  group 
was  opposed. 

The  international  events  which  attracted  the  atten 
tion  of  Japanese  religionists  were  the  agreement  on  a 


fiO  1963  IN  REVIEW 

limited  nuclear  ban,  the  unfortunate  position  of  Bud 
dhists  in  Southern  Vietnam,  and  the  assassination  of 
President  Kennedy. 

SHRINE  SHINTO 

Approximately  1.5  million  people — nearly  15  per 
cent  of  the  population  of  Tokyo — reportedly  visited 
Meiji  Shrine  on  New  Year's  Eve  and  January  1,  1963. 
The  total  for  the  first  three  days  was  said  to  have 
exceeded  two  million — one  of  the  largest  crowds  since 
the  end  of  World  War  II.  Figures  for  other  shrines 
in  the  metropolitan  area  and  throughout  the  nation 
were  equally  impressive  as  the  country  was  generally 
blessed  with  favorable  weather. 

During  the  year  Shinto  leaders  continued  their  ef 
forts  to  promote  a  number  of  changes,  primarily  of  a 
social  or  political  significance,  which  they  regard  as 
of  special  importance  not  only  for  shrines  but  for  the 
development  of  sound  patriotism.  These  included  the 
re-institution  of  February  11  as  National  Foundation 
Day,  enhancement  of  the  use  of  the  national  flag  and 
the  national  anthem,  a  special  legal  status  for  Yasukuni 
Shrine,  and  revision  of  .the  Constitution. 

On  February  11  approximately  3,000  people  gathered 
in  Hibiya  Public  Hall  in  Tokyo,  for  the  annual  ob 
servance  of  National  Foundation  Day  sponsored  by 
the  Association  of  Shinto  Shrines,  and  some  150 
meetings  of  a  similar  nature  were  reportedly  held 
•oughout  the  country.  However,  the  relatively  small 
number  of  meetings  and  the  size  of  the  crowds  would 
appear  to  indicate  that  this  was  not  a  burning  issue 
In  the  spring  a  bill  was  presented  to  the  Diet  which 
tfould  have  created  additional  holidays,  including 
February  11,  but  it  died  in  committee.  Association 


RELIGIOUS  WORLD  61 

leaders  actively  participated  in  a  rally  of  6,000  people 
on  the  Emperor's  birthday  (April  29)  for  the  purpose 
of  organizing  a  society  to  preserve  and  promote  the 
use  of  the  national  flag. 

Yasukuni  Shrine  was  in  the  news  on  a  number  of 
occasions  during  the  year.  In  February,  150  men  of 
the  French  Navy  made  a  formal  visit  to  the  shrine, 
and  in  June  the  King  of  Thailand,  who  was  in  this 
country  on  an  official  visit,  sent  a  messenger  with  a 
wreath  and  gift  of  money  to  Yasukuni  Shrine  and  to 
pay  respects  at  the  tomb  for  the  unidentified  war-dead 
at  Chidorigafuchi  Park  in  Tokyo.  But  the  shrine 
was  primarily  in  the  news  because  of  the  increased 
efforts  on  the  part  of  its  supporters  and  the  bereaved 
families  to  change  its  status  from  that  of  a  religious 
corporation  to  a  civil  status  which  will  "  preserve  its 
unique  character  and  tradition  "  and  enable  it  to  re 
ceive  subsidies  from  public  funds. 

The  most  significant  happening  in  the  shrine  world 
in  1963  would  appear  to  have  been  the  appointment 
by  the  Association  of  Shinto  Shrines  of  a  commission 
to  study  the  nature  of  Shrine  Shinto  and  to  define  the 
attitude  of  the  Association  on  such  matters  as  the 
relation  of  shrines  to  the  state,  the  spirit  of  shrines, 
and  shrine  teachings  (doctrine) .  This  commission 
could  have  a  very  significant  influence  on  the  future 
of  Shinto  in  Japan. 

There  are  80,709  incorporated  Shinto  Shrines,  which 
have  approximately  20,000  priests  and  an  estimated 
64.8  million  worshippers  ;  but  many  incorporated  bodies 
include  a  number  of  individual  shrines.  There  are, 
in  addition,  thousands  of  small  wayside  shrines  which 
are  unincorporated. 


62  1963  IN  REVIEW 


SECT  SHINTO 

Turning  now  to  Sect  Shinto,  while  a  number  of 
the  prewar  sects  of  so-called  Sectarian  Shinto*  count 
their  followers  by  the  hundreds  of  thousands,  and 
Izumo  Oyashiro-kyo  (formerly  Taisha-kyo)  reports 
2«3  million  adherents,  most  of  these  sects  have  only 
a  few  tens  of  thousands  of  followers,  and  none  have 
experienced  any  remarkable  growth  or  engaged  in  any 
very  unusual  activities  in  recent  years.  The  fact  is 
that  even  the  new,  postwar  Shinto-related  sects  are 
not  strong  in  comparison  with  many  of  the  Buddhist 
and  unclassified  sects.  Outside  Shrine  Shinto,  the 
people  as  a  whole  do  not  seem  to  feel  too  deeply 
concerned  about  Shinto  as  a  faith.  (Shinto  Shusei-ha, 
which  used  to  claim  more  than  400,000  followers, 
has  sold  its  Tokyo  headquarters  and  moved  to  more 
modest  facilities  near  Mount  Fuji.  It  reports  some 
50,000  Members  •  Misogi-kyo,  which  in  prewar  years 
had  over  300,000  followers,  today  reports  25,000.) 
It  is  still  too  early,  of  course,  to  venture  a  prophecy 
as  to  what  will  happen  to  these  faiths  in  the  future, 
but  the  general  trend  in  recent  years  has  been  de 
finitely  unfavorable  and  there  was  no  change  in  this 
respect  in  1963. 

Onioto,  which  in  recent  years  has  affiliated  with  the 
Sectarian  Shinto  Federation  and  thus  has  a  more 
active  part  in  the  religious  world,  continued  its  marked 
interest  in  such  organizations  as  the  Anti  A-H  Bomb 

'  In    the  prewar  years  thirteen  sects  were  officially  recognized  by  the 
;overnment   and    classified  as  Sectarian  Shinto    (Kyoha   Shinto), 
is  number,  however,  Konko-kyo  and  Tenri-kyo  are  not  re- 
today  as  being  true  Shinto   sects    and    should    be  treated 
They  are  included  here  because   the  official  statistics 
include  them  in  this  category. 


RELIGIOUS  \\ORr.D  63 

Movement,    World    Federation,    and    the    Religionists 
Peace  Council. 

Ananai-kyo,  whose  founder  and  leader,  Yonosuke 
Nakano,  was  imprisoned  and  cruelly  treated  during 
World  War  II,  is  affiliated  with  the  Union  of  New 
Religious  Organizations  and  is  one  of  the  more  active 
of  the  newer  sects  of  Shinto  derivation.  During  1963 
Ananaikyo  sponsored  the  fourth  Conference  on  Spiritual 
Civilizations  with  150  participants  from  17  Southeast 
Asian  Countries. 

Tenrikyo  and  Konkokyo,  which  for  special  reasons 
continue  as  members  of  the  Sectarian  Shinto  Federa 
tion,  although  they  regard  themselves  as  unique, 
independent  religions,  must  be  briefly  mentioned  but 
cannot  be  adequately  discussed.  During  1963  Tenri- 
kyo's  patriarch,  the  Rev.  Shozen  Nakayama,  visited 
the  United  States  and  Brazil  in  order  to  promote  the 
overseas  activities  of  the  sect,  and  a  quarterly  maga 
zine  aimed  at  promoting  missionary  work  in  Korea 
was  inaugurated.  (15,340  churches,  5,409  preaching 
centers,  167,595  clergy,  2,124,084  members)  (Incident 
ally  Tenrikyo  is  said  to  be  the  only  Japanese-sponsored 
pre-World  War  II  religious  movement  in  Korea  which 
has  survived  the  war.) 

Konkokyo  suffered  a  severe  loss  in  the  death  of 
the  third  patriarch,  the  82-year-old  Rev.  Setsutane 
Konkd.  Some  30,000  people  attended  his  funeral. 
In  October  the  80th  anniversary  of  its  founding  was 
celebrated  for  two  weeks  with  an  estimated  80,000 
participants.  (1,631  churches,  48  preaching  centers, 
3,837  clergy,  581,148  members) 

The  total  number  of  local  religious  organizations 
belonging  to  these  sects  is  approximately  35,500,  includ 
ing  some  24,000  churches  and  11,500  preaching  places. 
These  are  served  by  approximately  176,900  profes- 


1963  IN  REVIEW 


64 

sional  workers  almost  evenly  divided  between  men  and 
women  and  have  a  membership  of  about  13.8  million. 
It  should  be  noted,  however,  that  Tenri-kyo  alone 
accounts  for  more  than  half  (about  58%)  of  the  local 
religious  bodies  and  more  than  90%  of  the  clergy. 

BUDDHISM 

Buddhism  with  its  166  separate  sects  incorporated 
on  a  national  level,  an  unknown  number  of  small 
sects  active  on  only  a  local  prefectural  level,  and  some 
1,500  independent  temples,  is  very  difficult  to  appraise. 
Altogether  there  are  approximately  109,000  priests  and 
22,500  nuns  serving  75,640  temples  and  17,568  chur 
ches  and  propaganda  centers.  They  minister  to  ap 
proximately  61.7  million  people  who  are  regarded  as 
adherents.  Moreover,  there  are  some  1,382  kinder 
gartens  and  day  nurseries,  249  schools,  colleges,  and 
universities,  and  467  social  welfare  institutions  of  the 
Buddhist  tradition.  Included  in  the  above  are  both 
the  so-called  established  sects  of  what  may  best  be 
called  temple  Buddhism  and  an  unknown  number  of 
new  sects,  often  mistakenly  called  new  religions. 

Is  Buddhist  growing  ?  Some  44  years  ago,  that  is, 
in  1919,  the  total  number  of  Buddhist  adherents  was 
officially  reported  to  be  about  45  million.  In  1943, 
although  the  population  had  increased  to  more  than 
73  million,  the  number  remained  about  the  same. 
By  1961,  however,  Buddhist  temples,  churches,  etc., 
reported  61.7  million  adherents  in  a  total  population 
of  approximately  94  million. 

It  would  appear,  then,  that  in  the  past  40  years  the 

*  It  should  also  be  noted  that  the  classification  of  '  clergy  '  differs 
form  group  to  group,  In  Tenrikyo  not  all  '  clergy  '  are  full- 
time  ministers,  the  term  specifying  all  who  have  taken  courses 
of  special  instruction  at  Tenri.  (Kd.) 


RELIGIOUS  WORLD 

numerical  strength  of  Buddhism  in  relation  to  the 
population  has  declined  from  about  80  to  65  per  cent, 
but  this  is  an  over-simplification.  The  figure  today 
includes  not  only  the  adherents  of  the  established 
sects  but  also  those  of  the  newer  Buddhist  sects. 
There  is,  therefore,  considerable  duplication — perhaps 
as  much  as  10  to  15  or  even  20  million — because  the 
followers  of  the  new  sects  do  not  as  a  rule  leave 
their  traditional  temples.  In  other  words,  the  percen 
tage  of  the  population  that  are  regarded  as  adherents 
of  the  traditional  temples  has  in  fact  declined  from 
some  80  to  about  50  per  cent,  which  is  indeed  a 
serious  matter  for  the  established  sects.  Therefore, 
although  Buddhism  as  a  whole  is  much  more  active 
today  than  ever  before  in  modern  Japanese  history, 
there  seems  to  have  been  no  substantial  increase  in 
the  total  numerical  strength  of  the  faith  itself.  Un 
doubtedly  because  of  the  movement  of  the  population 
to  the  city,  the  long-established  temples  in  rural  areas 
are  numerically  much  weaker  than  ever  before. 

A  second  matter  of  considerable  interest  is  the  fact 
that  during  1963,  because  of  the  deplorable  events  in 
South  Vietnam,  Buddhism  received  unprecedented  at 
tention  in  the  newspaper  headlines.  Normally  religion 
is  not  considered  to  be  newsworthy  by  the  vernacular 
press  of  this  country,  but  1963  was  an  exception. 
Buddhism  reached  the  front  page  on  numerous  oc 
casions,  largely  in  a  favorable  context— an  experience 
that  is  said  to  have  helped  boost  the  morale  of  Bud 
dhists  in  general. 

On  the  national  scene,  a  number  of  developments 
occurred  which  are  worthy  of  note.  The  established 
sects  became  more  concerned  over  the  inroads  Soka 
Gakkai,  a  militant  Buddhist  sect  of  the  Nichiren 
tradition,  was  making  among  their  adherents  and 


66  1%3  IN  REVIEW 

resistance  to  it  became  stronger.  Buddhist  leaders 
became  outspoken  in  their  dissatisfaction  with  certain 
articles  in  the  Constitution  affecting  religion.  The 
legal  battle  continued  over  the  rights  of  temples  in 
respect  to  their  burial  grounds — another  issue  that 
involved  Soka  Gakkai.  Efforts  to  secure  government 
compensation  for  land  taken  from  the  temples  in  con 
nection  with  the  postwar  land  reform  became  more 
concrete.  A  movement  to  promote  Buddhist  Sunday 
Schools  as  a  means  of  combating  juvenile  delinquency 
was  launched.  Finally,  leaders  of  the  Japan  Buddhist 
Federation,  which  consists  of  some  150  sects  and  or 
ganizations,  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  time  had 
come  for  the  federation  to  function  more  positively. 
It  may  be,  therefore,  that  there  will  be  greater  activity 
in  1964. 

Buddhism,  or  more  specifically  the  Lotus  Sutra — 
the  most  important  scripture  for  a  large  section  of 
Japanese  Buddhism — has  provided  the  foundation  and 
the  initial  inspiration  for  the  most  influential  newer 
religious  sects  in  this  country.  One  of  these,  Reiyu 
Kai,  which  gives  primany  emphasis  to  ancestor  worship, 
has  been  the  source  of  some  of  the  strongest.  (The 
only  exception  to  this  statement  is  Soka  Gakkai  which, 
though  based  on  the  same  scripture,  follows  a  distinctly 
different  tradition.)  In  spite  of  numerous  postwar 
secessions,  Reiyu  Kai  reported  a  total  of  nearly  four 
million  adherents.  In  addition  to  a  building  program 
in  Shizuoka  Prefecture,  the  headquarters  announced 
early  last  year  that  approval  had  been  received  from 
the  Ministry  of  Education  to  open  a  high  school  in 
Tokyo  in  1964. 

Of  the  successful  religious  movements  to  have  grown 
out  of  ReiyQ  Kai,  Rissho  Kosei  Kai   (with  2   million 
members)    is    the    most    successful.     Its  Great    Sacred 


RELIGIOUS  WORM)  67 

Hall  (Dai  Seido)  in  Nakano  Ward,  Tokyo,  has  now 
been  completed,  and  will  be  opened  in  May  1964. 
Its  estimated  capacity  is  30,000  people,  and  the  total 
cost  has  exceeded  ¥4,000  million  or  more  than  $11 
million. 

Other  secessions  count  their  followers  by  the  hundreds 
of  thousands,  whereas  only  three  of  the  numerous 
newer  Buddhist  sects,  not  of  the  ReiyQ  Kai  tradition, 
report  more  than  100,000  followers. 

SOKA  GAKKAI 

Soka  Gakkai,  which  is  also  one  of  the  newer  move 
ments  of  the  Nichiren  Buddhist  tradition,  has  been 
so  much  in  the  public  eye  throughout  the  year  that 
no  adequate  consideration  of  it  can  be  given  here  in 
the  limited  space  available. 

Its  claims  to  remarkable  monthly  increases  in  mem 
bership  continued.  Its  success  in  the  spring  general 
elections  of  1963  was  phenomenal  at  both  national 
and  local  levels.  Its  overseas  expansion  appears  to 
have  been  significant,  although  not  enough  is  known 
on  this  latter  point  to  write  with  any  assurance. 

During  the  year  a  number  of  its  leaders  traveled 
abroad,  including  visits  to  the  USSR,  and  in  September 
20,000  representatives  met  in  the  great  auditiorium 
of  Nippon  University  to  celebrate  completion  of  the 
new  headquarters  building  in  Shinano-machi,  Shinjuku 
Ward,  Tokyo.  A  venture  into  the  field  of  choral 
singing  societies  and  orchestras  as  activities  for  its 
youth  was  noteworthy  last  year.  Shrine  Shinto  obser 
vers  express  the  opinion  that  the  previous  criticism 
of  shrine  worship  by  Soka  Gakkai  leaders  has  abated 
and  that  at  present  there  is  no  confrontation  between 
the  shrines  and  Soka  Gakkai  members.  There  is  also 


68  1963  IN  REVIEW 

evidence  that  some  of  the  excesses  of  the  past  have 
been  curtailed.  During  1963  the  organization  claimed 
more  than  ten  million  followers,  but  conservative 
estimates  would  put  the  number  very  much  lower. 

CHRISTIANITY 

The  visible  evidence  of  Christian  influence  on  the 
life  of  the  Japanese  people  is  very  considerable.  Year 
after  year  by  means  of  literature,  music,  art,  symbol, 
and  personal  contact,  the  gospel  is  imperceptibly  but 
steadily  penetrating  deeper  and  deeper  into  the  culture 
of  the  country.  A  total  of  32,694  individuals,  were 
baptized  during  1962-63,  and  the  total  reported  church 
membership  is  749,044.  Yet  institutionally  Christanity 
does  not  flourish.  Statistically  the  Christian  Church 
hardly  deserves  to  be  compared  with  the  major,  or 
even  some  of  the  minor,  Buddhist  and  Shinto  bodies, 
but  a  statistical  perspective  alone  would  be  no  more 
satisfactory  than  would  one  that  completely  ignored 
the  subject. 

The  Japan  Orthodox    Church,    may    be    quoted    to 
llustrate  the  problems  connected  with  statistics.     Hav 
ing  reported  for  some  years  past  a    total    membership 
35,000   to   40,000,  the  new  leaders  of  the  Church 
apparently  decided  to  face  the  facts  and  make  a  new 
start    this  year.     Consequently,  according  to  the  1964 
Japanese-language  Christian  Year  Book,  the  total  mem- 
•ship  of  the  Church  is  8,927.      (A  secessionist  group 
lated  with  the  Russian  Orthodox  Church  in  Moscow 
;  two  congregations  with  a  total  membership  of 
Thus  there  has  been  a  book  loss  of  25,000,  but 
be  a  mistake  of  course  to  conclude  that  this 
actually    occurred    in    1963.       To    those    already 
familiar  with  the  situation,    the    new    figure    came    as 


RELIGIOUS  WORLD  69 

no  surprise.  It  was  simply  a  matter  of  time  before 
this  was  bound  to  happen.  The  Orthodox  Church, 
which  was  founded  by  Russians  but  is  not  now 
affiliated  with  Moscow,  faced  a  great  many  diffi 
culties  during  World  War  II  and  perhaps  even  more 
in  the  postwar  period.  It  is,  therefore,  a  cause  for 
considerable  satisfaction  on  the  part  of  its  friends  that 
the  Church  has  apparently  surmounted  its  more  serious 
problems  and  is  now  facing  the  future  with  new 
leadership,  vigor,  and  hope.  It  is  hoped  that  generous 
friends  in  the  West  will  be  able  to  help  it  to  secure 
full  title  to  its  property. 

A  delegation  of  dignitaries  from  the  Russian  Ortho 
dox  Church,  that  arrived  in  Tokyo  in  mid-December 
from  Moscow,  came  to  visit  the  above-mentioned 
small  secessionist  group. 

Catholicism,  with  308,000  believers  in  1963,  has  at 
last  passed  the  seventeenth  century  figures.  In  com 
menting  on  the  religious  situation  in  this  country 
a  keen  Buddhist  observer  remarked  that  1963  could 
well  be  characterized  as  the  ''Catholic  Year."  The 
Second  Vatican  Council,  the  death  of  Pope  John 
XXIII,  the  election  of  Pope  Paul  VI,  the  crisis  in 
South  Vietnam,  and  finally  the  assassination  of  the 
Church's  most  famous  son,  the  late  President  John 
F.  Kennedy,  all  brought  the  Church  into  the  limelight 
in  an  unprecedented  manner.  Thanks  in  no  small 
measure  to  the  changed  attitude  of  the  Church,  a 
refreshing  breeze,  or  at  least  a  zephyr,  has  been 
blowing  throughout  the  world  of  interfaith  fellowship. 

Protestantism  in  Japan  is  one  of  the  most  difficult 
areas  of  the  religious  world  to  review  with  any  degree 
of  confidence.  In  the  first  place,  with  its  more  than 
80  denominations  and  some  150  foreign  missionary 
societies,  not  to  mention  innumerable  church-related 


?0  1963  IN  REVIEW 

societies,  institutions,  and  movements,  the  situation 
is  so  complicated  that  it  is  practically  impossible  for 
any  one  individual,  Japanese  or  foreign,  to  understand 
and  evaluate  what  is  being  done.  In  the  second  place, 
it  is  very  unlikely  that  a  review  of  Protestantism  can 
be  written  with  a  perpective  that  will  be  considered 
satisfactory  to  non-Christian  observers,  not  to  mention 
innumerable  Protestant  critics.  Who  can  say  precisely 
what  a  correct  perspective  is  ?  ! 

Although  the  Protestant  movement  obviously  is  pen 
etrating  the  life  of  the  nation  in  ways  that  are  not 
apparent  in  the  church  statistics,  the  statistics  them 
selves  are  of  considerable  interest.  The  total  number 
of  reported  baptisms  for  the  past  church-year  was 
17,079  and  the  total  membership  of  all  non-Catholic 
and  non-Orthodox  churches  is  431,015.  Statistics 
are  not  entirely  accurate,  as  some  denominations 
(mainly  smaller  ones)  fail  to  report,  and  older  figures 
must  be  used. 

At  any  rate,  the  increase  over  the  1962  membership 
was  27,169.  Compared  with  a  decade  ago,  there  has 
been  a  net  gain  of  about  82  per  cent  or  approximately 
200,000  in  total  membership,  which  is  probably  about 
all  that  can  be  expected  at  present  in  view  of  the 
sectarian  fragmentation  and  other  conditions  existing 
in  Protestantism. 

Non  main-stream  movements. 

Among  the  numerous  significant  Christian  develop 
ments  in  the  post- World  War  II  period,  the  emergence, 
or  the  re -appearance,  and  rapid  growth  of  a  number 
of  movements  outside  the  main  stream  of  the  Pro 
testant  Christian  tradition  has  been  very  noticeable. 
Christian  Science,  for  example,  has  been  in  Japan 


RELIGIOUS  WORM)  71 

since  1918  but  until  recently  confined  itself  almost 
entirely  to  the  English  language.  Now,  however, 
considerable  material  is  being  prepared  in  Japanese 
and  it  may  be  assumed  that  before  long  its  Japanese 
constituency  will  increase. 

The  Mormons,  or  the  Church  of  Jesus  Christ  of 
Latter-Day  Saints,*  as  the  movement  is  officially  called, 
had  missionaries  in  Japan  between  1901  and  1920, 
but  because  of  government  surveillance  and  ultimate 
suppression  no  substantial  movement  resulted.  In 
1948,  new  missionaries  began  to  arrive  and  since  then 
the  Church  has  reported  remarkable  growth.  In  Tokyo 
it  has  five  branches  and  there  is  a  total  of  24  branches 
throughout  the  country.  As  of  March  30,  1964  there 
were  173  missionaries,  including  12  Japanese,  active 
in  the  country.  The  total  number  of  members  was 
7,846. 

Jehovah's  Witnesses  are  not  newcomers  to  this 
country,  either,  but  they  also  were  not  able  to  become 
established  in  prewar  years  because  of  the  attitude  of 
the  government.  The  first  postwar  missionaries  ar 
rived  in  1948.  Today,  it  is  reported  that  there  are 
68  missionaries  in  the  country.  Eighteen  of  these 
live  in  Tokyo  and  the  rest  have  taken  up  residence 
in  Kobe,  Sapporo,  Hiroshima,  Fukuoka,  and  Kuma- 
moto.  Meetings  are  held  in  the  missionaries'  homes. 
The  Japanese  clergy  are  reported  to  number  268  ;  the 
total  number  of  believers  is  given  as  2,580. 

Of  a  somewhat  different  nature  are  two  movements 
which  in  a  Japanese  context,  at  least,  can  best  be 
described  as  "  so-called  new  religions."  One  of  these 
is  The  Original  Gospel  (Genshi  Fukuin)  movement, 

*  A  more  recent  comer  to  Japan  is  The  Reorganized  Church  of 
Latter  Day  Saints,  which  has  its  headquarters  in  Independence, 
Missouri,  USA. 


72  1963  IN  REVIEW 

or  T/ie  Tabernacle  of  God  (Kami  no  Makuyd) 
groups.  The  founder  of  this  movement  is  a  layman 
by  the  name  of  Ikuro  Teshima,  who  began  his  formal 
activities  in  Kumamoto  about  1950.  Generalities  are 
misleading  but  it  seems  appropriate  to  describe  it  as 
a  kind  of  Pentacostal  movement  which  emphasizes 
a  direct,  ecstatic  experience  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  es 
pecially  during  periods  of  prayer  and  worship.  From 
the  standpoint  of  traditional  Protestant  Christianity 
the  movement  is  unquestionably  unorthodox.  More 
over,  like  the  Non-Church  Movement  which  has  great 
ly  influenced  the  founder,  it  abhores  anything  of 
an  ecclesiastical  or  institutional  nature.  Meetings  are 
held  in  the  homes  of  believers  during  the  weekdays 
and  on  Sundays  in  rented  halls.  A  Tabernacle  Bible 
Seminary  is  conducted  in  Kumamoto.  The  movement 
gained  considerable  publicity  abroad  in  1963  because 
of  a  number  of  young  men  who  have  been  sent  to 
study  in  the  Holy  Land,  and  the  visit  of  Dr.  Otto 
Piper  of  Princeton  Theological  Seminary  to  Japan 
under  the  auspicies  of  the  group.  There  are  reported 
to  be  some  300  leaders  of  groups  and  more  than 
10,000  followers. 

A  second  movement,  also  in  the  Pentecostal  tradi 
tion,  is  the  Spirit  of  Jesus  Church  (lesu  no  Mitama 
Kyokai],  which  gives  special  emphasis  to  speaking 
with  tongues  as  a  criterion  for  baptism.  This  move 
ment  was  first  establised  during  World  War  II  because 
the  founder,  the  Rev.  Jun  Murai,  was  unwilling  to 
became  a  part  of  the  United  Church  of  Christ  in 
Japan.  Because  of  the  rapidity  of  its  growth,  the 
movement  has  attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention. 
According  to  the  latest  statistics  it  has  87  churches, 
121  groups,  110  ministers,  and  46,870  members.* 
3,154  persons  were  baptized  in  1962-63.  Here  as 


RELIGIOUS  WORLD  73 

elsewhere,  however,  it  must  be  remembered  that  the 
statistics  of  this  and  other  movements  like  it  are  based 
on  varying  methods  of  computation.  Consequently 
they  must  be  used  with  the  greatest  care,  especially 
where  any  comparison  is  made  with  other  movements. 

To  determine  what  is  truly  significant  may  be  be 
yond  the  capacity  of  one  person,  but  one  can  say  that 
the  continued  success  of  the  January  Hayama  Mission 
ary  Conference,  which  brings  together  Protestant 
missionaries  of  all  groups,  the  excellence  of  the  second 
Japan  Keswick  Convention,  which  was  held  in  Hakone 
late  in  February,  and  an  attendance  of  2,500  ministers 
and  laymen  at  a  Protestant  Rally  in  the  Tokyo  area 
on  the  Emperor's  birthday  (April  29) ,  confirm  the 
impression  that  there  is  a  stronger  feeling  of  unity 
here  than  appears  on  the  surf  ace  •• -The  same  is  true 
in  respect  to  the  conference  of  missionaries  and  Japan 
ese  of  the  reformed  tradition  which  is  held  each 
spring  in  the  Kansai.  One  may  refer,  also,  to  the 
Ecumenical  Groups  in  Tokyo,  Kyoto  and  Kobe,  in 
which  Catholics  and  Protestants  participate  together. 

The  election  of  eight  Christians  to  the  Lower  House 
in  the  November  elections,  and  numerous  developments 
in  the  field  of  social  welfare  and  educational  work 
also  bear  witness  to  the  wider  impact  of  the  Christian 
Church  in  Japan. 

*  A  careful  examination  of  these  statistics  reveals  that  alxjut  one- 
fourth  of  the  churches  and  groups  and  some  20,000  meml>ers  are 
located  in  Okinawa.  Properly  speaking,  they  should  not  lx? 
reported  in  the  Christian  Year  Book  or  in  this  report. 


CHAPTER  6 

AN  EPILOGUE  :     A  COMPOSITE  LOOK  AT 
THE  YEAR  IN  RETROSPECT 

Raymond  Hammer 
THE  POLITICAL  SITUATION 

As  Mr.  Ogawa  has  said,  little  has  happened  to 
upset  conservative  supremacy,  and  Dr.  Matsushita  has 
suggested  that  a  fundamental  '  national  consciousness  ' , 
which  he  calls  a  'moderate  nationalism',  is  respon 
sible  for  this  conservatism. 

The  increased  Communist  vote  is  simply  a  cry  of 
discontent— and  one  feels  that  the  success  of  Soka 
Gakkai  in  the  local  elections  in  April  1963  is  not  due 
so  much  to  their  increase  in  membership  (which  has 
undoubtedly  occurred,  although  credence  cannot  be 
given  to  the  extravagant  claims  made  by  the  organiza 
tion)  as  to  a  feeling  of  frustration  in  the  face  of 
inter-party  bickering  and  personal  jealousies.  The 
vote  for  Soka  Gakkai  involves  also  a  protest  against 
stagnation  in  local  politics  and  a  protest  against  the 
widening  income  gap  resulting  from  the  government's 
policy  of  economic  growth.  Those  whose  income  is 
not  geared  to  the  cost-of-living  index  feel  keenly  the 
rise  in  commodity  prices,  encouraged  by  the  income- 
doubling  policy — and  so  vote  for  a  group  which  speaks 
of  'disinterested  polities'. 

Despite  a  general  rise  in  wages — with  per-capita 
incomes*  now  more  than  twice  what  they  were  in 
1956  and  improved  working  conditions  necessitated 

*  The  increase  in  real  income  has  been  especially  marked  in  the 
lower  income  groups.  The  general  rise  in  1963  was  1%,  and  in 
1964  should  average  out  at  8%. 


YEAR  IN  RETROSPECT  75 

by  full  employment  and  the  labor  shortages  contingent 
upon  it,  it  should  be  remembered  that  no  fewer  than 
6  \  million  are  either  dependent  on  national  as 
sistance  or  are  in  straightened  economic  circumstances. 
Such  people  have  no  defense  against  the  general  in 
crease  in  prices,  and  they  realize  that  there  is  no 
imminent  change  expected  in  the  trend  of  rising 
prices.  It  is  in  such  a  context  that  Soka  Gakkai's 
claim  to  clean,  disinterested  politics  has  an  appeal. 
The  regular  parties  are  very  concerned  about  Soka 
Gakkai's  declared  intention  of  putting  30  candidates 
into  the  next  General  Election  for  the  Diet.  Whether 
the  movement's  soft  pedalling  of  '  Shaku-buku  '  (its 
former  militant  proselytizing  approach)  is  a  vote-catch 
ing  manoeuvre  or  not  remains  to  be  seen. 

The  Christian  cannot  but  admire  the  scrupulous 
care  shown  by  Soka  Gakkai  members  in  their  exami 
nation  of  the  measures  brought  before  the  Upper 
House.  As  Dr.  Takenaka  emphasizes,  this  world  is 
the  place  ui  which  God  is  working,  and  a  neglect 
of  politics  or  an  apathy  towards  public  affairs  is  a 
denial  of  fundamental  Christian  truth.  The  Christian's 
approach  to  politics  is  too  often  unrelated  to  his 
theological  presuppositions  or  his  faith-commitments, 
and  emotion  is  often  given  too  large  a  determining 
influence* 

The  Christian  vote  is  sometimes  aligned  with  the 
left-wing  approach  of  the  intelligentsia,  but  if,  as 
Dr.  Matsushita  charges,  the  intelligentsia  make  their 
criticisms  from  the  standpoint  of  non-involvement  (the 
balcony  rather  than  the  road!),  the  Christian  intel 
lectual  surely  has  the  responsibility  to  bring  a  principle 
of  relevance  and  of  existential  involvement  to  bear 
upon  the  situation.  An  idealism  which  is  not  alive 
to  the  realities  of  a  sinful  world  is  pure  escapism, 


76  1963  IN  REVIEW 

and  brings  upon  the  Christian  justifiably    the    accusa 
tion  that  he  is  concerned  with  '  pie  in  the  sky ' . 

Mr.  Ogawa  has  referred  to  the  '  No  War '  clause 
as  the  main  issue  involved  in  the  tussle  over  the  re 
vision  of  the  Constitution,  but  one  may  point,  too, 
to  a  feeling  of  uneasiness  on  the  part  of  opponents  of 
any  revision  as  to  the  possibility  of  reform  leading 
to  a  stronger  authoritarianism,  with  the  Emperor's 
status  resembling  more  that  of  the  Meiji  Constitution. 
It  is  a  point  of  debate  whether  Dr.  Matsushita's 
*  moderate  nationalism '  would  involve  a  return  to 
traditional  social  patterns  or  not. 


JAPANESE  SOCIETY 

1.     A  city-based  Society 

We  are  accustomed  to  hearing  of  '  rapid  social 
change  '  in  most  of  the  countries  of  Africa  and  Asia, 
and  there  has  been  a  tendency  to  draw  a  distinction 
between  Japan  as  a  country  which  was  already  in 
dustrialized  and  those  which  are  newly  accomodating 
themselves  to  a  scientific  and  technological  age.  Whilst 
such  a  distinction  has  a  measure  of  validity,  it  tends 
to  neglect  the  rapidity  of  change  within  Japan  in  the 
post-war  years.  It  is  probably  true  to  say  that  Japan 
is  more  highly  industrialized  than  most  countries  of 
western  Europe.  Whilst  it  was  once  said  that  the 
Church  in  Japan,  because  it  was  city-centered,  was 
not  getting  to  the  grass-roots  of  Japanese  society, 
because  the  roots  were  in  the  country,  such  a  state 
ment  is  no  longer  true.  This  is  not  to  condone  the 
limitations  of  the  Christian  mission,  but  to  say  that 
the  city  has  now  reached  the  country  through  the 


RIKKYO  UNIVERSITY 


Founded  in  1874  by  the  Rt. 
Rev.  Channing  M.  Williams, 
with  five  students,  St.  Paul's 
currently  gives  an  education 
to  10,000  students  ranging 
from  the  priamary  through 
the  university  graduate  level. 
A  bachelor  degree  is  granted 
to  men  and  women  who  com 
plete  the  four  year  college 


College  of 
Arts 

Economics 
Sociel  Relations 
Law  and  Politics 
Science 

Courses  for  Master  &  Doctor's 
Degrees  are  offered  in  every 
College. 


Ikebukuro 

Toshima-ku 

Tokyo 

TEL  (983)  0111 


76  B 


AOYAMA  42AKTJIN  UNIVERSITY 

—the  university  division  of  Aoyama  Gakuin,  a  Christian  institution 
for  all  levels  of  education :  Graduate  School,  University,  Woman's 
Junior  College,  Senior  High  School,  Junior  High  School,  Elementary 
School,  Kindergarten 

Founded  in  1874  by ~US  MethodisT Missionaries 

Dr.  Kinjiro  Ohki :    Chancellor,  Aoyama  Gakuin 

President,  Aoyama  Gakuin  University 

Organization  of  the  University 
Graduate  School 

Courses  for  Master's  and  Doctor's  Degrees: 

English  and   American   Literature,   Biblical  Theology,   Psychology, 

Education,  Economics,  Commerce,    Economic  Policy    Private  Law' 

Public  Law 
Undergraduate  School 
College  of  Literature  (day)  College  of  Literature  (night) 

liege  of  Economics  (day)  College  of  Economics  (night) 

College  of  Law  (day) 

No.  22,  Midorigaoka-cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo        Tel.  402-8111 


76  C 


MEIJI   GAKUIN 


Chancellor  : 


Mitto 


Graduate  School 

Course  for  Doctor's  Degree :     English  Literature 
Courses  for  Master's  Decrees :     English    Literature,    Social   Work, 
Economics 

Undergraduate  Courses 

College   of   Liberal    Arts:     English    Literature,    Social    Work    and 
Sociology 

College  of  Economics :    Economics,  Commerce 
Senior  High  School 

Higashi-murayama  Senior  High  School 
Junior  Hitfh  School 

Meiji  Gakuin  owes  its  inception  to  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  in  the  U.  S.  A.  and  the  Reformed  Church  in  America.  It 
was  founded  in  1877,  and  its  long  history  has  displayed  the  Christian 
purposes  of  its  founders,  Dr.  James  C.  Hepburn,  Dr.  S.  R.  Brown 
and  Dr.  G.  Verbeck. 


Shirokane,  Tokyo 


Phone:   (143)   8230-9 


76  D 


Founded  in  1918 
President :     Dr.  Sadaji  Takagi 


College  of  Arts  and    Philosophy,    Japanese    Literature, 
Sciences  :  English  and  American  Literature, 

History,    Sociology,     Psychology, 
Mathematics 

Junior  College:  English 

Tokyo  Joshi  Daigaku  is  a  church-related  college 
founded  upon  the  principles  of  Christianity.  The 
aim  and  mission  of  the  College,  both  in  its 
academic  and  its  spiritual  life,  are  shown  in  its 
motto  QUAECUNQUE  SUNT  VERA  (Philippians 
iv :  8)  and  its  badge,  a  cross-shaped  SS  standing 
for  Sacrifice  and  Service. 

TOKYO  WOMAN'S  CHRISTIAN  COLLEGE 

(Tokyo  Joshi  Daigaku) 

logi,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo,  Japan 
Telephone:  399-1151 


76  E 


KWANSEI  GAKUIN 

NISHINOMIYA,  JAPAN 
(FOUNDED  IN  1889) 


UNIVERSITY, 


Graduate 
Undergraduate 


THEOLOGY 

HUMANITIES 

SOCIOLOGY 

LAW  and  POLITICS 

ECONOMICS 

BUSINESS  ADMINISTRATION 

NATURAL  SCIENCE 


SENIOR    HIGH    SCHOOL        3    year  Course 
JUNIOR    HIGH    SCHOOL      3   year  Course 


Lambuth  Memorial  Chapel 


76  F 


THE    DOSHISHA 

Kyoto,  Japan 
(founded  1875) 

UNIVERSITY  Graduate 

Undergraduate 

Theology,     Letters, 
Law,  Economics, 

Commerce,    Technology 

WOMEN'S  COLLEGE  Faculty  of  Liberal  Arts 

SENIOR  HIGH  SCHOOL  Co-ed.,  Boys,  Girls,  Commercial 

JUNIOR  HIGH  SCHOOL  Co-ed.,  Boys,  Girls 
KINDERGARTEN 


ST.  MICHAEL'S 
INTERNATIONAL  SCHOOL 

5,  Nakayamate-dori  3  Chome,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe 

For   boys   &   girls   ages   5   to    1 5 

Prepares  for  Senior   High  School 

(a   few  scholarships  available) 

ST.  MICHAEL'S  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE  SCHOOL 

5  classes   for  adults  .  .  .  mornings 
Advanced  Class  specializes   in  preparing 

men  &  women  for  going  abroad 
Founder :    Bishop  M.  H.  Yashiro,  D.  D. 
Headmistress  :     Miss  L.  E.  Lea,  B.  A. 


76  G 


MOMOYAMA    GAKUIN 

Founded  in  1884  by  Rev.  J.  Dunn  of  the  Church 
Missionary  Society.  Affiliated  with  Nippon  Seiko 
Kai  (The  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  Japan) 

Chairman  of  Board  of  Trustees  :  The  Most 
Rev.  Hinsuke  Michael  Yashiro,  D.  D. 

ST.  ANDREW'S  UNIVERSITY 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMICS 

(Economics,  Commerce) 

MOMOYAMA  GAKUIN  HIGH  SCHOOL 
MOMOYAMA  GAKUIN  MIDDLE  SCHOOL 
THE  INSTITUTE  OF  FOREIGN  LANGUAGES 

Address  :     Shuwa-cho,  Abeno-ku,  Osaka,  Japan 


76  H 


INTERNATIONAL  CHRISTIAN  UNIVERSITY 


College  of  Liberal  Arts 

Divisions  of  the  Humanities,  Social  Sciences, 

Natural  Sciences,  Languages,  Education 
Graduate  School  of  Education 

Courses  in  Principles  of  Education 

Courses  in  Methodology  of  Education 
Graduate  School  of  Public  Administration 

General  Public  Administration  f 

International  Public  Administration 

Institute  of  Educational  Research  and  Service 

Social  Science  Research  Institute 

Institute  for  the  Study  of  Christianity  and  Culture 

Mitaka,  Tokyo     Tel. :  0422-3-3131 

Office  also  in  Kyo  Bun  Kwan  Building,  4-chome,  Ginza, 

Chuo-ku,  Tokyo     Tel.  (561)  6855 


SEIWA  WOMAN'S  COLLEGE 
FOR  CHRISTIAN  WORKERS 

Senior  College  :     Religious  Education 

Kindergarten  Teacher  Education 
Junior  College :     Kindergarten  Teacher  Education 

83  years  of  service  to  the  Church  in  Japan 
President :     Miss  Michiko  Yamakawa 

/       - 

l-OKADAYAMA 

NISHINOMIYA 

CITY 


TEL.  No.  5-0724 


761 


TOKYO  UNION  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 

(Tokyo   Shingoku   Daigaku) 

707  Mure,  Mitaka,  Tokyo 

Phone  Musashino  (0422)   3-2594 

Dr.  HIDENOBU   KUWADA,  President 
Prof.   Y.   HERMAN   SACON,   Registrar 

Established  in  1943  by  the  UNITED  CHURCH 
OF  CHRIST  IN  JAPAN  to  prepare  men  and 
women  for  city,  rural,  and  overseas  ministry. 

A  four-year  Liberal  Arts  College  majoring  in 
theology  with  a  two-year  graduate  theology 
course  for  B.  D.  ;  also  courses  leading  to  the 
doctor's  degree,  fully  accredited  by  the  Ministry 
of  Education. 

520  graduates  in  active  service  today  as  ministers  or  teachers 


ST.  MICHAEL'S  SCHOOL 

920,  Nikaido,  Kamakura-shi, 
Kanagawa  Pref,  Japan 

An  Institute  under  The  South  Tokyo  Diocese 
of  THE  NIPPON  SEIKOKAI 

(The  Episcopal  Church) 


CENTRAL  THEOLOGICAL 
COLLEGE  TOKYO 


8,  2-chome,    Tamagawa    Naka- 

machi,  Setagaya-ku, 

Tokyo,  Japan. 

founded  in  1912  with  the  gifts 

of  the  Pan- Anglican 

Congress  of  1908. 

The  successor  to  three  previous 
Seminaries,  founded  by  C.M.S.,  S. 
P.G.  and  the  lipiscopal  Church  of 
U.S.A.  the  College  provides  a  3- 
Post-graduate  training  for 
onlin.inds  of  the  Nippon  Sci  Ko 
Kai. 

Tel.    701    0575 


HIGH   SCHOOL 
MIDDLE  SCHOOL 
PRIMARY  SCHOOL 

Cltuinniin  of  Director: 

Rt.kev.  M.H.Yasjiiro,  D  I' 
:   Chancellor:  Mr.  Francis  T.  Mitsui     | 
j  Principal:  Takeo  Kurisawa 


76  J 


FUKUOKA  JO  GAKUIN 

A  Christian  School  for  Girls 


Founded  in  1885 


Kindergarten 

Junior  High  School 

Senior  High  School  (Including  special  Music  Course) 

Junior  College  (English  Dept.  &  Home  Economics  Dept.) 

Address:     35  Kami  Osa 

Fukuoka,  Japan 
Tel.     (58)   1492~5 
Bunroku  Arakawa 

Chairman,  Board  of  Trustees 
Yae  Kakizono  Yoshikuni  Hiraiwa 

Chancellor  President 


RIKKYO  JOGAKUIN 

(St.   Margaret's) 


Primary  School 

Junior    High  School 

Senior    High    School 
Advanced  Course 

123,  3-chome,  Kugaya- 


Tel.:    (398)    5101—4 
-   HISTORY 

The  institutions,  founded  by  the 
Foreign  Missions  of  the  American 
Episcopal  Church  in  1877,  have 
since  served  the  important  women 
education  on  Christian  principles 
for  eighty-seven  years.  About  1,900 
pupils  here  are  enjoying  the 
ideal  school  life  on  the  spacious 
campus  of  16,000  tsubo. 


KYUSHU    JOGAKUIN 

Lutheran  School   for  Girls 

300  Murozono,  Shimizu-machi,   Kumamofo 
Tel.    (4)    2830,   0059 

SEN.OX  HIGH  SCHOOL 
JUNIOR  HIGH  SCHOOL 
KINDERGARTEN 

Principal  :      Rev.   Kiyoshi   Hirai 


76K 


POOLE    GAKUIN 

Osaka,     Japan 

Junior  High  School       Senior  High  School 
Junior  College    (English  Department) 
Principal  Bp.  Toshio  Koike 
Dean  Eleanor  M.  Foss 

Founded  by  the  C.  M.  S.  in  memory  of 

Bishop  Arthur  Poole  in  1879 
*|RrfT£l?KI»lJ!M5TP5844 
«8g^K731JS3190 

741  Jr.j  7005-7006 


HEIAN  JOGAKUIN 

(ST.  AGNES  SCHOOL) 

Korasumaru  Nishi  Iru,  Shimotachiuri  Dori 
Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto 


BAIKA    GAKUEN 

106   6-chome,    Honmachi. 
Toyonaka,  Osaka,  Japan 


^Principal:  Rev.  John  Matsutaro  Okajima, 


Junior  College  :  Home  Economics, 
English  Literature,  Kindergarten 
Teachers  Training  and  Theology 


Established  in  1878  by  the  Rev.i 
|  Paul  Sawayama  with  the  co-opera- j 
ition  of  two  Congregational  Churches  ( 
las  the  first  Christian  high  school  for, 
'girls  in  Osaka  area. 

Now  it  has  3600  students,  includ- 1 
|ing  a  kindergarten,  both  a  junior  &| 
la  senior  high  school,  a  junior, 
'college  with  Home-Economics  De-i 


jSenior  High  School      Junior  High  School ,         COl 

partment!  and  a  4-year  college  with 


Kindergarten 


In  1  875  founded  by  Rt.  Rev.  Channing  M.  J 
Williams,  US  Protestant  Episcopal  Bishop  : 
and  the  first  Protestant  missionary  to  i 
Japan,  and  since  then  in  close  connec 
tion  with  the  US  Protestant  Episcopal  ; 
Church  and  her  organizations. 


j  English/ American     Literature    and| 
(Japanese  Departments. 

The  United  Church  Board  forj 
!  World  Ministries  has  sent  missio- 1 
|naries  to  the  school,  among  whom1 
i  are  Miss  Marliss  Camp  and  Miss, 
i  Audrey  Gilg.  Other  missionaries  \ 
'also  help  the  school. 
JThe  president  is  Mr.  JutaroTamiaki.  j 


76  L 


PALMORE  INSTITUTE 

8   Kitanagasa-dori    4-chome,    Ikuta-ku,   Kobe 

Tel  :   3-2961,   2949 
Bible,  English,  Typewriting,  and  Shorthand 


KORAN    JOGAKKO 

(St.  Hilda's  School  for  Girls) 
Junior   High   School 
Senior  High   School 
Special   English   Course 
Post-graduate  Course 
1046,  7-chome,  Hiratsuka, 

Shinagawa-ku,  Tokyo,  Japan 

(782)  0227 


Morse  T.    Saito 

Chairman 
Board  of  Trustees 

Bunroku   Takeda 

Principal 


Anglican  Mission  School  founded  by  Bibhop ! 
Bickersteth  in  li'SS.  On  the  staff  there  are* 
always  several  English  teachers  sent  by] 
the  S.  P.  G.  in  England.  To  keep  the  num-j 
ber  small  is  a  special  feature.  Whole' 
school  attend  morning  and  evening  pray-! 
ers  in  the  hall. 


KYORITSU  BIBLE  SCHOOL 
FOR  WOMEN 

Offers   training   in  : 

Study  of  the  Word 
Teaching  methods 
Evangelism 
Organ  and  choir 

Woman's   Union 
Missionary   Society 


221    Yamate-cho,   Naka-ku 
Yokohama 


76M 


lini/IIOn    Oil/  II  Til 

HllKUStl     uAKUtN 
IIUI1UOLI     UnllULM 


Minami  5  jo  Nishi  17-chome. 

Sapporo  Shi.  Hokkaido  Tel:  244887 
Fiji  Arima:  Chairman  of  Board  of  Trustees 
Masao  Tokito:  President 

.,  r        ,         ..         ,    r    u  Ooyachi  828,   Shiroishi-machi, 

Four    Year   Coeducational   College  :       snpnoro-shi 

English  Literature  Course  •  Social  Walfare  Course 
Women    Junior    College  :       Minami  5-jo,   Nishi  17-chome,   Sapporo-Shi 
English  Literature  Course  •  Social  Welfare  Course 

_        ,          _      .    .          r   L       i  Minami  5-jo,  Nishi  17-chome, 

Kindergarten   Teacher   Training   School :       s.ipporo  Shi 

Boys  Sen/or    High  School  :       Kotonicho.  8-ken.  Sapporo-Shi 

t-       •        u      L   c   L       i  Minami  5  jo  Nishi  17-chome, 

Girls  Junior-Senior  niph  School  :       s-«pporo  shi 


JYOSHI    GAKUIN 

(Incorporate) 
Principal  :    Tsuchi  Yamamoto 

Superintending 

THE  JOSHI   GAKUIN   SENIOR 
HIGH    SCHOOL 

and 

THE  JOSHI  GAKUIN  JUNIOR 
HIGH    SCHOOL 

For  further  information,  call 

up  or   write  to  : 

10,  No.  22,  Ichiban-cho, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 


*  ' 


(262)  1187,  1188 
(262)  1189,  1180 


TAMAGAWA 
SEIGAKUIN 

JUNIOR  AND  SENIOR 
HIGH  SCHOOL 

OF  THE 
CHURCH  OF  GOD 

Day    School    for    Cirte 


100  -  3  chome,  Okusawa-machi,    *> 
Tamagawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo     % 
Tel.  701-4321,  7793 


76N 


DEAF  CHILDREN  2-years  old  can  be  admitted 


to 


NIPPON  ROWA  GAKKO 


2-457  Kami-kitazawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.     321—0540     328—9541     322-0256 

A  Christian  school  for  the  Deaf,  founded  by  the  parent's 
of  Ambassador  Peischauer  of  the  United  States,  and 
Miss  Lois  F.  Kramer  of  the  EUB  church. 


Pre-School the  only  facility  in  Japan 

Elementary on  the  same  Level  as  hearing  children  of  their   age 

Junior  High ready  for  hearing   High   School 

Senior  High        -thorough-going  vocational   guidance   included 

Rev.  Michio  Kozaki,     Chairman  Board  of  Trustees 
Oosima  Isao,  Principal 


JOGAKUIN 

Founded  in  1886 
Founder  Miss  N.  B.  Gaines 
Mr.  Teikichi  Sunamoto 


j  President    Miss    Hamako  Hirose 
ICollege:  English  Literature 
1  Junior  College:  Domestic  Science 
S  Kindergarten 

720  Ushito-cho,  Hiroshima-Shi 
Tel.    (2)    1667,  2096-7 


i  High  Schools :    Senior  and  Junior 
!   46  Kaminagarekawa-cho,   Hiroshima-Shi 
Tel.    (2)    1719IS)    0355(J) 


OSAKA 
JOGAIiUIN 

GIRLS'  HIGH  SCHOOL 


JUNIOR  HIGH   SCHOOL 
SENIOR    HIGH   SCHOOL 

(DAY  &  EVENING) 

POST-GRADUATE  COURSE 

LANGUAGE  LABORATORY 

/ENGLISH  \ 

^DOMESTIC      SCIENCE; 


200  2-chome  Shinonome-cho, 
Higashi-ku,  Osaka, 

JAPAN 
TEL.     (7G1)  4113~5 


760 


KEISEN    JOGAKUEN 

Founded    by    MICHI   KAWAI 
President  :        JIRO    SHIA/.IZU 


JUNIOR  COLLEGE     English  Department 

Horticulture  Department 

Senior  High  School  Junior  High  School 

Separate   Dormitories    for    High   School    and   Jjnicr   College 


For  further   information,   write   to 

1090   Funabashi-machi,   Setagaya-ku,   Tokyo 
Tel.    (328)    0183,    (328)    0184,    (328)   0185 


SHOIN  JOSHI  GAKUIN 

Shoin  Junior  College 
Shoin  High  School  ) 

Shoin  Middle  School  ) 


Chairman   Board   of 
Trustees   &    Director  : 

Hinsuko   Yashiro 
President :      Kazuo  Ota 
Principal  :       Akio  Yasui 

Aotani-cho     3-chome,      Nada-ku,  I 

Kobe 

Tel:     (86)   1105    6 

(22)  5980  (Junior  College)     \ 


YOKOHAMA  GAKUIN 


Mr.  Todashi    Kaneko 

Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors; 

Principal  of  : 

Yokohama   Gakuin   Kindergarten 
Yokohama    Girls'  Junior   High    School 
Yokohama   Girls'  Senior  High   School 


For  further  information, 
please  write  to  : 

203,  Yamatecho,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
Tel.  (64)   3284  5  •  3825 


76  P 


SEI    GAKUIN 

Nakazato-cho,  Kita-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  (821)  0522,   (828)  2277 

Founded  by  the  DISCIPLES  OF  CHRIST 

CO-OPERATING  CHURCHES 

The  United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 
Disciples  of  Christ  in  the  United  States  and  Canada 
JOSHI  SEI  GAKUIN  1905 
(Margaret  K.  Long  Girls'  School) 

Enrollment  1300 
Senior  High  School 
Junior  High  School 
Primary  School 


SEI  GAKUIN  1906 

A  Chrittian  School  for  Boys 

Enrollment  1000 
Senior  High  School 
Junior  High  School 


Kindergarten 
Nobundo  Oda,  Principal 


Jiro  Unno,  Principal 


Kiyoshi  Ishikawa,  Chairman  of  Board  of  Trustees 


jpviiii  ii^niiin  <Mriini,.Mv 

,  8  I!  I  \v 

(;  A 


523  Kugi,  Zushi  City 
Tel:    Zushi  (04693)  2670; 
2752 

President  :    Ko  Muto 

Kindergarten 
Primary  School 
Junior  High  School 
Senior  High  School 


KOBE  SCHOOL 

OF 

THE  JAPANESE  LANGUAGE 

10  Kotobuki   Takaha    Nada-ku,   Kobe 
TEL:   85-1044 

Rev.   Y.   Hyakumoto,   Principal 

Small  Classes 
Year-round  Courses 

& 

(morning,   Afternoon) 

Fall  Term:  Sept.    17-Dec.   15 

Winter  Term  :  Jan.  7-April   2 

Spring  Term:  April    12-July  6 

Summer  Course  :  July  7-Aug.  31 


76  Q 


YOKOHAMA  KYORITSU  GAKUEN 

(Doremus  Memorial  School) 

Founded   in  1871  by  The  Woman's  Union  Missionary 
Society  of  America 

Girl's  Junior  High  School 
Girl's  Senior  High  School 

Principal :     Mr.  KATSUYO  JIMBO 

Address:      212  Bluff,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
Telephone:    (64)  3785^7 


YOKOHAMA  SCHOOL   OF  THE  JAPANESE  ' 
LANGUAGE 

Principal :      Mr.   Hisato   Niwa 

CLASSES:     SMALL     CLASSES    ONLY 

MORNING  MON.— FRI.   9:00—12:00 

AFTERNOON      MON.— FRI.   1 : 30—  3  :  30 

COURSES:    FALL,   WINTER,    SPRING    AND 
SUMMER  COURSES 

TEXTS  :  NAGANUMA'S  JAPANESE  LANGUAGE 

BOOKS 

Yokohama   Y.  M.  C.  A. 

Tokiwa-cho,   Naka-Ku,   Yokohama     Tel.     (68)   9758-4263 


f6R 


um^lmii     Child  Welfare  Institution,  Authorized  by  Child  Welfare  Law 

0  )   BOTT  MEMORIAL  CENTER 

•AA/              Operated  by  Christian  Children's  Fund   (C.  C.  F.)   of  Japan 
21,  2-chome,  Tamagawa-Nakamachi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Chairman  of  Board  :  Rev.  Yoriichi  Manabe            General  Director  •  Mr.Seiji  Giga 

Bott  Memorial  Hume 

Clarke  College 

Child  Welfare  Institute 

Director  : 

Dean: 

Director: 

Mr.  Yotihiharu  Otani 

Kev.  Takeo  Nakajima 

Named    after    Dr.   J.    C. 

Rev.  Takeo  Nakajima 

40  Children    in    5   homes 

Clarke,   C.  C.  F.   founder 

under   home-like   cottage 

and  international  director. 

The  Institute  carries  out 

system,    trying    to    be    a 
demonstration     children's 

Government-authorized  2- 

in  -  service  -  training    for 

home       for        orphaned. 

year   professional    course 

workers  of  60  CCF  affili 

dependent   and   neglected 
children. 

started  in  April  1960. 
Protestant    home-mothers 
will    lx;    trained   for   resi- 

ated  children's  homes  and 
a    child    welfare    library. 

U;*»d     as     a     field  -work 
placement  for  Clarke  Col 
lege  students.    The  staffs 

dental    care    of    children, 
unique  project    in   Japan. 
25    applicants,     ask      for 

A    child    guidance    clinic 
with    day    nurse   will   be 
opened  in  near  future. 

arc  :.ll  Christians. 

further  information. 

Paauc:  Tokyo  (701)  3676 

1 

Phone  :  Tokyo  (701)  3616 

— 

Phone:  Tokyo  (701)  3616 

' 

EDUCATION  ASSOCIATION 

OF 

CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS 
IN  JAPAN 


Christian  School   Education     Y10 
(Tabloid  4  pp  Monthly) 

Christian  Education  in  Japan 

at  the  Present   Y  1,000 

(8vo  500  pp) 

Headquarters  : 

KYO  BUN   KWAN   Building 

2,  4-chome,  Ginza,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 

TEl:  (561)  7643 


~  NCC;Church|Education'Dept.,< 

Denaminatlons   Affiliated 

The   Kyodan 
Episcopal    Church 
Evangelical    Lutheran 

Church 

S.    Baptist   Church 
Am.    Baptist   Church 
Salvation   Army 
Nazarene   Church 
Free   Methodist   Church 
Korean   Church    in   Japan 


Semi-Affiliated 

I        Nippon   Christ   Church 


Nippon  lesu  Kirist  Church 


T32fi~Tokvo  School  of  lite  Japanese  Language 


76  S 


The  Tokyo  School  of  the  Japanese  Language 

38   Nampeidoi-machi,   Shibuya  Ku,  Tokyo 
(Avenue  "F",  next  to  Gas  Company's  Business  Office) 

Phones:      Shibuya    (461)    481 2  and  7260 

Naoe  Naganuma,  Director 

Regular,  Special,  Correspondence,  and  Evening  Courses 

for  elementary,  intermediate,  and  advanced  students 

during  Fall,  Winter,  and  Spring  Quarters 

Operating   under   the   Auspices  of 
The  Institute  for  Research  in  Linguistic  Culture 

Summer   Schools 

at  Karuizawa,  Lake  Nojiri,  and  Tokyo 


76  T 


TAMAGAWA  GAKUEN 


| 

Founded  in  1929 
President:     Dr.  KUNIYOSHI  OBARA 


TAMAGAWA  UNIVERSITY 

The  Department  of  Literature 

The   Faculty   of   English   and   American 

The  Faculty  of  Womens  General  Education 

(  The  Department  of  Agriculture 

(  The  Faculty  of  Agriculture 

(  The  Faculty  of  Agricultual  Chemistry 

(  The  Department  of  Technology 

(  The  Faculty  of  Mechanical  Engineering 

(  I  he  P  acuity  of  Electronics 

(  The  Faculty  of  Industrial 

(  Administration 

(     Correspondence  Education 
((     The  Senior  High  School 
(     The  Junior  High  School 
The  Elementary  School 
(     The  Kindergarten 


(      Machida  City,  Tokyo,  Japan 
(      Tel.  (0427-32)  8013 


YEAR  IN  RETROSPECT  77 

medium  of  mass  communication.  Whereas  only  10% 
of  the  households  had  Television  Sets  in  1958,  the 
figure  in  1963  was  90%— with  the  result  that  town 
and  country  alike  share  in  common  influences.  With 
more  than  60%  of  households  with  washing  machines, 
over  50%  with  electrical  rice  cookers  (a  luxury  un 
known  six  years  ago)  and  electrical  refrigerators  in 
one  house  in  three,  as  opposed  to  one  in  thirty  six 
years  ago,  it  is  evident  that  modern  conveniences  are 
no  longer  limited  to  the  city.  Whilst  one  may  say 
that  the  'town  consciousness'  is  now  almost  100%, 
it  is  also  true  that  there  has  been  a  tremendous  drift 
from  the  country  to  the  towns,  largely  made  possible, 
as  Dr.  Takenaka  points  out,  by  mechanization  in  the 
country,  coupled  with  a  fast-expanding  industrialization 
in  the  towns.  Whereas,  in  1950,  it  was  reckoned 
that  37.5%  of  the  population  lived  in  towns  over 
against  62.5%  in  rural  communities,  in  1963  the 
statistics  gave  72.5%  to  the  towns  and  only  27.5% 
of  the  population  to  the  rural  units.  Accordingly, 
the  Church  is,  if  anything,  better  placed  for  its 
evangelistic  task  than  it  was  before — with  its  church 
buildings,  educational  and  social  insititutions  largely 
city-centered. 

2.     Juvenile  Delinquency 

With  a  newly  developing  affluent  society,  based 
upon  a  constantly  expanding  economy,  Japan  is  con 
fronting  new  problems,  and  not  the  least  in  significance 
is  that  of  juvenile  delinquency.  Today's  adolescents 
find  themselves  launched  into  a  society,  where  spend 
ing  is  the  order  of  the  day,  and  where  advertising's 
new  power  can  prove  a  strong  stimulant  to  self-gratifi 
cation.  Where  life  is  more  easygoing,  the  child  often 


78  1963  IN  REVIEW 

experiences  over-protection,  and  criminal  action  be 
comes  the  release  either  from  ennui  or  from  the  sudden 
(and  unaccustomed)  experience  of  a  frustrated  desire. 
More  fundamental,  however,  is  the  continuing  break 
down  of  the  old  family  system,  in  accordance  with 
which  society  was  formerly  ordered. 

Old  patterns  of  discipline,  based  upon  a  firm  parent- 
child  relationship,  no  longer  obtain,  and  there  is  no 
alternative  ethical  basis  for  conduct.  Whilst  there 
has  been  some  attempt  to  introduce  ethics  into  the 
school  curriculum,  there  is  still  no  common  mind  as 
to  the  content  or  the  form  that  such  instruction  is  to 
take.  Whatever  the  cause  of  the  indecision — and  a 
suspicion  of  government  directives  is  undoubtedly  in 
volved — the  result  is  that  a  vacuum  situation  still  exists. 

The  fact  that  more  than  half  the  juvenile  offences 
occur  within  a  gang  context  is  a  pointer  to  the  new 
corporate  groupings  that  have  emerged  in  Japan's 
modern  cities. 

3.     The  Status  of  Women 

The  present  status  of  women  is  a  further  example 
of  the  breakdown  of  the  old  family  system.  Prime 
Minister  Ikeda  has  created  two  women  ministers — the 
first  since  parliamentary  government  was  introduced 
into  Japan  in  the  Meiij  Period.  The  new  constitution 
emphasized  legal  equality  between  the  sexes,  which 
meant  that  women  could  be  regarded  as  individuals 
rather  than  family  dependents.  Today  more  than  40% 
of  the  total  labor  force  is  female,  and,  whilst  the 
average  wage  has  been  below  50%  of  the  male 

?rage,    there   are  evidences  of  a  change  in  this    re- 

For    example,    the    casual    labor    of    married 

women,  whilst  still  rewarded  at   a    much    lower    rate 


YEAR  IN  RETROSPECT  79 

than  regular  labor,  calls  for  three  times  the  remunera 
tion  it  did  two  years  ago.  Women  in  administrative 
work  have  increased  more  than  three-fold  in  the  past 
15  years,  and,  whilst  they  are  little  more  than  3% 
of  the  total,  yet  the  number  is  on  the  increase.  It  is 
significant  that  more  than  one-third  in  the  professional 
fields  are  women. 

The  falling  birth- -rate*,  due  to  wider  use  of  con 
traceptives  in  conjunction  with  a  continued  high  abor 
tion  rate**,  has  enabled  married  women  to  engage 
in  wider  activities,  and  has  encouraged  their  participa 
tion  in  social  and  religious  work.  A  woman  driver 
of  a  private  car  or  a  small  truck  in  the  traffic-thronged 
roads  would  not  invite  a  second  glance. 

4.     Religion  and  Society 

With  changes  in  society,  the  pattern  of  Japanese 
religious  life  is  also  changing.  <  Family  religion  '  does 
not  have  the  same  pull  that  it  had  heretofore,  and 
polls  reveal  that  barely  one  in  four  (if  that)  have 
close  links  with  a  religious  organization.  Affiliation 
to  the  sect  or  the  religion  may  still  be  reckoned  on 
the  basis  of  the  family — but  such  a  reckoning  will 
soon  lead  to  faulty  statistics,  as  adherence  is  now  far 
more  individualistic.  The  new  group  unit  comes  into 
being  through  the  adherence  of  the  individuals ;  in 

*  Whereas,  in  pre-war  Japan,  the  average  was  5.2  children  per 
family,  the  average  is  now  2.9,  whilst  amongst  the  salaried  class 
the  average  is  little  more  than  2. 

'*  Apart  from  occasional  statements  from  the  Christian  Home 
Committee  of  the  National  Christian  Council  and  the  Roman 
Catholics,  the  problem  of  abortion  has  not  been  adequately  con 
sidered  as  a  moral  problem  within  the  churches,  and  legal  abor 
tions  take  place  as  frequently  in  church-related  hospitals  as  else 
where. 


80 


1963  IN  REVIEW 


association  they  form  a  new  corpus.  Whereas  older 
associations  followed  the  •  oyako '  relationship  with 
control  firmly  invested  in  the  '  Hombu  (the  Head- 
quarters),  which  was  almost  like  the  parent  of  the 
organization,  the  newly  developed  religions  or  sects, 
whilst  exercising  control  from  the  center,  yet  permit 
more  easily  the  growth  of  collateral  departments, 
whose  very  inter-dependence  creates  in  turn  the 
«  whole  ' . 

5.     The  Church  and  Society 

Dr.  Takenaka's  article  is  largely  concerned  with 
the  Kyodan,  but  what  he  writes  is  true  (in  the  main) 
of  the  entire  Church  in  Japan.*  If  anything,  the 
Kyodan  has  been  ahead  of  other  Protestant  churches 
in  its  consciousness  of  mission  towards  society— and 
the  problem  of  inner-church  communication  is  not 
limited  to  the  Kyodan  !  The  best  thinking  of  any 
church  is  usually  far  ahead  of  the  rank  and  file,  and, 
unless  such  thinking  penetrates  to  the  grass  roots, 
the  Church  as  a  whole  can  hardly  be  said  to  be  com 
mitted  to  its  mission  towards  society. 

As  we  have  seen,  the  Japan  of  1964  is  far  more 
industrialized  in  many  ways  than  western  Europe,  and 
the  Church  needs  to  be  far  more  imaginative  in  its 
task,  not  dragging  on  behind,  but,  as  Dr.  Takenaka 
would  say,  leading  the  way  in  the  proclamation  of 
the  Gospel  of  the  re-creating  power  of  God.  Nor 
must  it  be  forgotten  that,  despite  the  strong  religious 

*  What  Dr.  Takenaka  says  of  the  falling-away  from  the  Kyodan 
in  the  post-Occupation  years  was  true  of  all  the  denominations. 
In  almost  every  case  the  immediate  post-war  years  were  spent  in 
the  building  of  churches  rather  than  in  the  building  of  the  Church! 
It  is  as  the  Church  is  built  up  and  strengthened  that  it  can  respond 
to  the  call  to  mission. 


YEAR  IN  RETROSPECT  81 

movements  emerging  on  the  complex  religious  map 
of  Japan,  so  ably  sketched  by  Dr.  Woodard,  Japanese 
society  embraces  a  fundamentally  irreligious  attitude 
as  well,  and  that  the  Church  is  to  speak  not  only  to 
a  variety  of  faiths,  but  also  to  a  completely  secularized 
unfaith. 


II.    THE  CHURCH 

Editor:     Norman  Nuding 

CHAPTER  1 

THE  NATIONAL  CHRISTIAN  COUNCIL  AND 
ECUMENICAL  DEVELOPMENTS 

Chuzo   Yamada 

This  will  be  a  year  long  remembered  in  the  history 
of  the  Japan  National  Christian  Council.     For  the  first 
time    since    its  organization  the  elected    Chairman    of 
the  NCCJ  came  from  a  group  other  than  the   United 
Church.     Dr.  Chitose  Kishi  of  the  Japan  Evangelical 
Lutheran  Church  assumed  the  Chairmanship  and  be 
came  the  spearhead  of  a  strong  Executive  Committee 
assisted    by    Dr.    Isamu    Omura     (Moderator    of    the 
United  Church)    Vice-Chairman,  and  the  Right    Rev. 
Hinsuke  Yashiro   (Presiding  Bishop  of  the    Anglican, 
Episcopal  Church  in  Japan)  Vice  Chairman.     Together 
they  have  undertaken    "joint  action  for  mission"    in 
Japan.     In  reviewing  the  past  year  this  is  the  under- 
girding  factor  of  any  accomplishments  in  the  NCCJ. 
If  Ecumenicity  is  to  be  seriously  considered  in  Japan 
it  must  be  a  live  issue  between    the    already    existing 
churches  within  Japan.     We  need  to  take  a  long  look 
at    the    facts    of    our    present  situation  in  this  regard. 
Before  World  War  II  the  then  existing  36  denomina 
tions    were    forced    into    one  united  church.     Even  if 
we  look  at  the  whole  world  situation  there  is  nothing 
to  parallel   that    uniformity.      However    this    was    not 
real  "  unity  ".     At  the  end  of  World  War  II,  because 
there    was    no   real  integration,    those    former    groups 


NCC  83 

which  took  a  strong  confessional  stand  withdrew  from 
this  uniformity  (for  instance,  Anglican,  Lutheran, 
Baptist,  Salvation  Army,  Narazene,  Holiness  etc.). 
However  a  resurgence  of  oneness  came  back  to  Japan 
from  the  western  churches,  and  the  necessity  for  an 
NCCJ  was  made  manifest.  There  were  banded  into 
this  organization  not  only  churches  but  also  many 
other  Christian  related  bodies.  Therefore  the  nature 
of  this  organization  is  somewhat  different  from  a 
council  of  Churches.  Just  what  the  ultimate  purpose 
of  the  NCCJ  may  become  has  not  yet  been  clearly 
drawn  out.  The  NCCJ  is  at  the  present  time  view 
ing  the  Japanese  Christian  scene  with  a  wide  per 
spective,  trying  to  help  where  it  can  by  bringing 
about  a  fuller  realization  of  ecumenicity.  However, 
at  the  present  time  we  are  not  moving  in  a  direction 
toward  union  or  uniformity. 

If  Christians  in  Japan  are  to  take  Ecumenicity 
seriously,  they  must  learn  to  establish  communication 
with  their  Asian  Christian  brothers.  The  church  in 
Japan  has  had  strong  ties  with  the  church  in  America. 
Thus  far  it  has  not  had  much  relationship  with  the 
rest  of  the  churches  in  Asia.  The  ecumenical  view 
point  of  the  church  in  Japan  has  been  deepened  since 
its  envolvement  with  other  Asian  churches  in  the 
East  Asian  Christian  Conference.  There  are  churches 
in  Asia  which  have  a  longer  history  and  are  stronger 
than  the  church  in  Japan.  However,  those  churches 
have  lived  in  an  atmosphere  of  colonialism  and  have 
quite  a  different  background  than  the  church  in  Japan. 
Even  though  the  Japan  Church  is  small  and  weak  it 
has  a  distinct  contribution  to  make.  For  instance  it 
might  be  able  to  share  its  theological  resources  with 
the  rest  of  Asia,  or  perhaps  some  of  the  laymen  of 
church  which  are  qualified  technically  or  professionally, 


g4  THE  CHURCH 

may  have  a  contribution  to  make  in  the  rest  of  Asia. 

During  the  past  year  there  has  been  a  decided  in 
crease  in  interchange  with  other  churches  in  Asia. 
Three  significant  meetings  have  been  convened  by  the 
East  Asia  Christian  Conference. 

1 .  Situation  Conferences  under  the  auspices  of  the 
EACC  were  held  in  Madras,  Singapore  and  at  "Amagi 
Sanso",  a  retreat  center  on  the  Izu  Peninsula  of 
Japan.  These  Situation  Conferences  were  held  because 
"it  was  increasingly  evident  that  the  time  had  fully 
come  for  churches  and  their  related  mission  agencies  in 
a  given  geographical  area  to  come  together  and  face 
together,  as  God's  people  in  that  place,  their  total 
mission  and  to  seek  the  guidance  of  the  Holy  Spirit 
in  fulfilling  it".  Representatives  from  the  churches 
in  Korea,  Okinawa,  Taiwan,  Hong  Kong,  and  Japan 
gathered  at  the  Japan  Conference.  In  addition,  there 
were  Mission  representatives  from  America  and  Eu 
rope,  and  executives  from  the  WCC  and  the  EACC. 
This  marks  the  first  time  that  such  a  gathering  has 
been  possible.  There  have  been  exchanges  on  the 
personal  level  between  Christians  of  various  Asian 
nations,  but  at  last  it  has  been  made  possible  for 
representatives  of  Asian  Churches  to  come  together 
in  order  to  seriously  examine  their  mutual  problems. 
The  delegates  were  given  the  privilege  of  finding  one 
another  in  Christ.  For  those  who  attended  it  was  a 
time  of  joy  and  thankfulness  to  God. 

The  focus  of  attention  was  placed  upon  the  contrast 
of  the  existing  approaches,  structures  and  work,  and 
those  which  conceivably  ought  to  be  pursued  in  the 
future.  The  Conference  felt  that  many  times  the 
church  is  committed  to  established  work  and  has  few 
resources  remaining  for  new  tasks.  In  the  past  there 
has  been  the  tendency  to  look  upon  Ecumenicity  as 


NCC 

a  world-wide  gathering  of  Christian  leaders.  But  now 
it  became  clear  that  it  is  a  movement  which  affects 
the  various  institutions  of  the  church  and  the  arms 
of  the  church  which  reach  out  in  service.  They  too 
must  become  ecumenically  envoi ved. 

2.  Out  of  the  Situation  Conferences  there  developed 
the  need  to  pursue  in  some  detail  the  problem  of 
Inter-Church  Aid.  In  October  of  1963  six  Japanese 
churchmen,  related  to  this  problem  in  Japan,  traveled 
to  Hong  Kong  for  a  Consultation.  It  was  an  epoch 
making  meeting. 

A  new  concept  developed  out  of  the  conversations 
of  this  meeting.  "Joint  action  for  mission"  had 
previously  been  talked  about.  The  consultation  brought 
about  the  realization  of  the  need  for  "joint  action 
in  service".  As  the  delegates  discussed  the  detailed 
activities  of  Inter-Church  Aid,  they  became  more 
acutely  conscious  that  they  were  only  beginning  to 
scratch  the  surface  in  understanding  what  it  means 
to  live  and  work  as  one  people. 

It  was  asserted  at  the  conference  that  if  "joint  ac 
tion  in  service"  is  to  be  a  possibility,  a  growing 
responsibility  must  be  placed  upon  the  shoulders  of 
the  NCC's.  This  had  its  effect  upon  the  structures 
that  are  presently  in  effect  in  Japan.  Up  until  now, 
that  area  of  work  has  been  handled  by  Japan  Church 
World  Service,  related  to  the  NCCJ.  Out  of  this 
conference  has  developed  the  necessity  for  working 
toward  an  integration  of  Church  World  Service,  more 
fully  into  the  life  of  the  NCCJ. 

Another  effect  which  the  consultation  had  upon  the 
life  of  the  church  in  Japan  was  the  awareness  that 
we  need  to  think  more  in  terms  of  a  nation-wide 
approach  in  drawing  up  a  list  of  acceptable  projects. 
These  projects  will  not  be  for  the  benefit  of  the 


86  THE  CHURCH 


church  itself,  but  rather  will  be  carried  on  as  "joint 
action  in  service".  It  has  been  determined  that  such 
a  nation-wide  study  should  be  undertaken  in  the  near 
future. 

3.  The  Second  General  Assembly  of  the  EACC 
was  convened  in  Bangkok,  in  the  later  part  of  February 
1964.  This  gathering  was  significant  not  only  for  the 
Assembly  itself  but  for  the  Pre-Assembly  meetings 
which  were  held.  There  was  also  an  opportunity  for 
interchange  beetween  the  various  executives  of  the 
NCC's  at  the  combined  NCC  staff  meeting. 

Perhaps  the  most  significant  development  that  came 
out  of  this  meeting  was  increased  participation  of  the 
North  East  Asian  nations.     Up  until  now  the  churches 
of  Japan  and  to  some  extent  Korea  have   been    weak 
in    their    participation    in    the    EACC.      The    Korean 
Christian  Church  in  Japan  was  accepted  as  a  member. 
Dr.  Isamu  Omura  was  elected  Vice-Chairman  of    the 
group.      In  the  future  Christians  of  Japan  will  be  ac- 
:ive    in    the    EACC.     Together  with  this   new    found 
was  an  increased  discovery  of  what  Ecumeni- 
It  is  not  something  that  happens   in    Europe 
America    but  something  which  is  real    right    here 
Asia.     This  new  found  attitude  will  have  its  effect 
upon    not    only    the  churches  in   Asia    but    upon    the 

ling  churches  in  America  and  Europe. 
An    institute    for  layman  overseas  was    held    under 
)int  sponsorship  of  the  NCCCUSA  and  the  NCCJ 
ish  speaking  Christians  are  coming  to  Japan 
than  church  related  positions.     The  institute 
nted  these  layman  with  the  challenge  to  Chris- 
even  while  living  overseas.      Mr.    Robin 
ime  from  America  to  help  guide  this  institute, 
has  been  the  desire  of  Christians    in    Japan 
"ith  their  Asian  brothers  who  are  undergo- 


NCC  87 

ing  extreme  hardship.  An  appeal  was  sent  out  at  the 
time  of  the  earthquake  in  Bali.  Christians  in  Japan 
responded.  Approximately  ¥350,000  was  sent  for 
the  relief  of  those  suffering  from  the  disaster. 

A  special  offering  was  received  for  the  hungry 
peoples  of  Korea.  About  ¥295,000  was  gathered. 
It  had  been  the  original  plan  to  send  rice,  but  Japan 
ese  governmental  regulations  did  not  allow  this,  so  that 
noodles  were  sent  instead.  Through  the  assistance  of 
Japan  Church  World  Service,  8,800  packages  of  nood 
les  were  shipped  to  Korea. 

Another  gift  was  sent  to  the  church  in  Taiwan 
through  the  auspices  of  the  Japan  Christian  Medical 
Association.  Approximately  ¥2,040,000  was  given 
by  the  children  of  Japan,  from  Church  Schools, 
Kindergartens  and  Nurseries,  and  Church  related 
schools.  This  gift  was  sent  to  the  Church  in  Taiwan 
for  use  among  lepers  and  for  childrens  evangelism. 

The  NCCJ  has  had  some  changes  within  itself. 
"Kozensha",  a  group  with  a  very  long  history,  has 
applied  for  associate  membership.  This  group  does 
not  hold  any  institutions  itself,  but  it  does  the  work 
of  Christian  evangelism  among  residents  of  the  various 
leper  institutions  of  Japan.  During  the  one  year 
absence  of  the  Rev.  Newton  Thurber,  the  Rev. 
Norman  Nuding  has  acted  as  Associate  General  Secre 
tary.  Mr.  Hedemi  Ito  has  joined  the  staff  as  assistant 
to  the  General  Secretary.  Mr.  Norbert  Klein  has 
joined  the  staff  of  the  Study  center  of  Japanese 
Religions  (an  NCCJ  related  body)  in  Kyoto. 


CHAPTER  2 
THE  EVANGELICAL  CHURCH  FEDERATION 

Hiroshi  Kitagawa 

The  Japan  Evangelical  Church  Federation  has 
now  been  in  existence  for  fourteen  years.  It  is  com 
posed  of  nine  evangelical  denominations  and  has  many 
individual  members.  About  one  thousand  ministers 
and  about  40,000  believers  are  a  part  of  the  fellow 
ship. 

Next  to  the  National  Christian  Council  of  Japan  it  is 
the  strongest  inter-denominational  association  in  Japan. 
The  Federation  at  its  inception  joined  the  Interna 
tional  Evangelical  Fellowship,  and  has  now  sent 
delegates  to  its  conventions  four  times. 

The  Federation  has  been  pleased  in  the  past  to 
cooperate  with  the  N.C.C.J.  in  such  evangelical  meet 
ings  as  the  "  Billy  Graham  "  campaign  and  the 
14  World  Vision  "  campaign.  The  objective  of  the 
group  is  to  preach  the  gospel  of  Jesus  Christ,  true  to 
biblical  doctrine. 

The  group  in  Japan  is  known  as  "  The  Evangelical 

Church    Federation"    but    internationally  it  is  known 

as    the    "Evangelical    Fellowship    of    Japan".      The 

international  Fellowship  is  loosely  connected,   but  ties 

in    Japan    are   much   closer.      There   are  joint  winter 

and  summer  meetings,  Church  School  teacher  seminars 

and    young    peoples    meetings.      The    Federation    has 

50,000    copies    of    a    hymn     book     called 

(Evangelical    Songs).       This    is    the    only 

which  brings  income  to  the  Federation  to  help 

defray  its  expenses. 

One  aspect  of  the  Federation's  activity  is  the  "  New 


ECF  89 

Century  Crusade".  This  represents  an  evangelistic 
effort  which  was  started  at  the  time  of  the  Protestant 
Centennial  in  Japan.  During  that  year,  large  gather 
ings  were  held  in  Tokyo,  one  of  them  with  seven 
thousand  people  in  attendance.  The  next  year  cam 
paigns  were  held  in  seven  different  cities.  The 
following  year  thirty  cities  were  chosen  for  large 
gatherings.  Each  year  a  number  of  seekers,  came 
forth  from  these  meetings.  However  last  year  a 
slightly  different  approach  was  used.  In  an  effort  to 
strengthen  the  weaker  churches,  several  teams  of 
preachers  were  sent  out  to  travel  through  smaller 
churches  in  Japan.  For  the  program  this  past  year 
a  special  offering  was  taken.  It  was  decided  that 
there  would  be  campaigns  to  the  extent  of  the  funds 
received  in  the  offering. 

We  are  thankful  for  the  part  we  have  in  the 
Christian  ministry  in  Japan,  and  pray  that  God  will 
help  us  to  do  more. 


CHAPTER  3 
THE  RENEWAL  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Masanao  Fujita 
Gordon  Chapman 

After    more  than  a  century  of  effort    the    member 
ship    of    the  Protestant  Church    in    Japan    constitutes 
:  about  one  half  of  one  percent  of  the  population. 
Though  the  growth  has  been  steady  it  has   not    been 
marked    by  the  rapid  increase  of  adherents  which    is 
characteristic  of  several  of  the  New  Religions.     Indeed 
there    are    wide  areas  of  Japanese  society    where    the 
begun  to  take  root.     If  the  mission 
Church  is  to  make  Him  known  to  all  men 
-vine  and  only  Savior,  and  to  persuade  them 
s  disciples  and  responsible  members    of 
"hat    is   most    requisite    to    secure    the 
fulfillment  of  this  aim? 

Indiapenaability  of  the  Work  of  the  Holy  Spirit 

Dr.    Hendrik    Kraemer,    after    a    leisurely    visit    to 

came    ,„    ,he  conclusion    that    the    imperative 

the  hour  ,s  the  renewal  of  the    Church    by 

Since  that  time  more  attention   has 

.to  Prayerful   consideration   of    this    need. 

leading  minister  Jessed,    "I   now   realize 

not   organizational    reconstruction    or    new 

but  a  mighty  work  of  the  Holy  Snirit    that 


RENEWAL  OF  TFIE  CHURCH  91 

It  is  not  without  significance  that  the  one  period 
of  rapid  growth  of  the  Church  (1883—89)  was  the 
direct  outcome  of  a  mighty  revival,  when  for  the  first 
time  the  expression,  "ribaibaru,"  entered  the  Japanese 
religious  vocabulary.  This  renewal  of  the  Church 
had  its  inception  in  the  Union  Week  of  Prayer, 
January  1883,  when  all  churches  united  in  earnest 
prayer  for  the  power  of  the  Holy  Spirit  to  witness 
effectively  to  unbelievers.  As  Dr.  James  Ballagh  said 
at  the  time,  "  we  especially  need  this  enduement  with 
the  power  of  the  Holy  Ghost  for  the  attainment  of 
the  unity  of  the  Holy  Spirit  among  ourselves  ....  and 
power  to  reconcile  the  world  unto  God.  "  Dr.  Jo 
Niijima  later  reported  abundant  answer  to  this  petition 
and  spoke  of  "  perfect  unity  between  the  brethren 
who  are  happily  united  in  the  Lord",  and  of  "minis 
ters  who  have  returned  to  their  churches  like  new  men 
who  have  received  fresh  light,  grace  and  power  from 
on  high.'*  Daily  prayer  meetings  continued  in  the 
churches,  and  many  whose  acceptance  of  Christianity 
had  been  only  an  intellectual  acknowledgement  of  the 
truth,  now  came  to  a  real  sense  of  sin  and  received 
Christ  as  Savior ;  with  the  result  that  their  most 
earnest  desire  was  to  further  the  spiritual  welfare  of 
others.  Churches  everywhere  were  crowded  with 
eager  listeners  and  all  churches  enjoyed  large  increases 
in  membership  for  several  years.  This  evident  rela 
tionship  between  the  unity  of  the  Spirit  and  fruitful- 
ness  is  most  significant. 

The  Japan  Keswick  Convention 

As  was  the  case  with  the  earlier  Japan  Convention 
for  the  Deepening  of  the  Spiritual  Life,  a  similar 
emphasis  on  the  renewal  of  the  Church  by  the  direct 


92  THF  CHURCH 


operation  of  the  Holy  Spirit  is  an  essential  feature  of 
present  Japan  Keswick  Convention.     In  fact,  through 
the    years    the    name    "Keswick"    has    become    in 
creasingly    a    kind    of   technical    term    for    gatherings 
which    stress    the    deepening  of   the    spiritual    life    of 
A    new  impetus  has  been   given    to    the 
mission  of  the  Church  as  many  have  experienced  the 
power  of  the  Holy  Spirit  which  is  available  to  every 
believer    for  holiness  of  life  and  effectiveness  in    wit- 
,  and  many  have  gone  back  to  their  communities 
transformed,  to  minister  henceforth  in  newness  of  life. 
The  Japan  Keswick  Convention  is  a  part  of  the  spirit 
ual  fruitage  of  the  Osaka  and    Tokyo  Christian    Cru 
sades  and  the  Ministers  Seminars,  conducted  through 
the  generous  cmperation  of  World   Vision  Inc.,  which 
ght    spiritual  blessing  and   fresh    evangelistic    im 
petus     to    many    ministers,     believers     and     churches 
throughout  the  land. 

Now  in  its  fourth  year  of  meeting,  February  25-28 
ittendance  has  steadily  increased   to    about 
«ters  and  laymen,  which  is  the  capacity    of 
wakien  Hotel  auditorium.     The  attendants  came 
•om    all    pans    of  Japan,  with  only   four    of    the    46 
:tures  unrepresented.     It  was  truly  an  ecumenical 
'th  the  people  coming  from  practically  all 
ie  denominations  in  Japan.     Though  World  Vision 
t<>ok  care  of  the  visiting  speaker's  expenses,  the 
'    portion    of  the  overhead,   including   travel    ex 
The  special  "speakers   !n- 
Dr.    Iob    Pierce,  president  of    World    Vi 


RENEWAL  OF  THE  CHURCH  93 

those  who  are  vitally  concerned  for  the  renewal  of 
the  Church.  The  next  convention  will  be  held  at  the 
Hakone  Kowakien,  February  23 — 26,  1965. 

Many  have  testified  of  the  spiritual  quickening 
which  has  come  to  the  churches  as  ministers  and 
believers  have  experienced  heart  cleansing  and  the 
filling  of  the  Holy  Spirit.  A  Hokkaido  pastor  speaks 
of  the  great  joy  which  he  has  experienced  in  the 
fulness  of  the  Spirit  which  he  received  as  he  was 
able  to  pray  undisturbed  in  a  peaceful  place.  "  Unlike 
so  many  conferences,  Keswick  is  not  the  occasion  of 
endless  discussion  and  listening  to  human  theories  and 
opinions,  but  rather  the  hearing  of  the  Word  of  God 
and  making  the  personal  application  in  one's  life.  " 
Another  minister  who  found  his  heart's  desire  in  the 
filling  of  the  Holy  Spirit  said  "Too  many  of  us 
ministers  like  to  teach  dogma  but  neglect  private 
prayer  and  listening  to  God's  Word  with  an  obedient 
heart.  "  He  suggests  that  churches  include  Keswick 
in  their  budgets  so  that  many  believers  will  be  able 
to  attend  next  year.  A  prominent  minister  from 
Kyushu,  whose  faith  had  grown  cold  after  many 
years  of  Christian  service,  came  under  conviction  and 
rededicated  himself  to  the  Lord,  with  consequent 
renewal  of  spirit.  A  young  layman  found  himself 
in  a  room  with  members  of  seven  different  denomi 
nations,  engaged  in  united  prayer.  He  said,  "for 
the  first  time  I  realized  something  of  what  it  means 
to  be  a  member  of  the  body  of  Christ.  "  An  elderly 
lady  of  eighty  four  years  came  all  the  way  from 
Kyushu  and  received  a  fresh  vision  of  the  possibilities 
of  Christian  witness.  She  gave  up  her  plan  for  sight 
seeing  and  after  purchasing  a  number  of  copies  of 
Keswick  message  books  and  tape  recordings  returned 
to  her  home  community  to  share  the  blessings  with 


94  THE  CHURCH 

others.      A  labor  union  official  who  had    engaged    in 
many  bitter  strike  battles  and  suffered  much,  returned 
to  his  former  home  church,  only  to  find  that  he  was 
not  welcome.     When  he  saw  a   Keswick    Convention 
announcement  he  decided  to  attend,   "  though  socially 
and    spiritually    discouraged.  "     Afterwards    he    said, 
"  here  I  was  renewed  by  the  Holy  Spirit  and  returned 
to  my  task  with  fresh  vision  and  new  strength.  "     A 
minister    who    suffered    persecution    during    the    war, 
with  imprisonment  and  hard  labor  in  the  mines,  had 
become    backslidden    and    powerless.       Reference     to 
Peter's    denial  in  one  of  the  addresses    brought    him 
under  conviction  and  he  acknowledged  his  backslidden 
condition.     He  testifies,   "I  was  renewed  in  faith  and 
became  a  new  man  in  Christ,  and  for  the   first    time 
in    many  years  experienced  the  stimulus  of  the    Holy 
A    college    professor  while    listening    to    a 
on    the    Power    of    God,    suddenly    realized 
that    his  Christian  witness  had  failed  because    it    was 
undertaken  in  his  own  strength.     As  he  said,  "  God's 
1  mighty    power  now  filled  my  empty  heart    and    for 
the  first  time  I  understood  the  secret  of  my  mother's 
I  fondly  recalled  how    she    liked    to 
:s  of  Barclay  Buxton  and  A.  B.  Simpson.  " 

THE  ASHRAM  MOVEMENT 

Imix>rtant    among  the  events  which  have  been    the 

ision    of  the  renewal  of  the  churches  are    the    bi- 

vangelistic  missions  of  Dr.  E.  Stanley    Jones 

s  eightieth  year,  this  indefatigable  mission- 

s  paid  eight  visits  to  Japan  since  the   war    and 

I    ^ngelitic    mass  meetings  in    many    cities 

While  these  campaigns  have  been  under 

[eneral    auspices  of  the  NCCJ,   the    churches    of 


RENEWAL  OF  THE  CHURCH  95 

unaffiliated  denominations  have  in  many  cases  lent 
cooperation,  and  the  follow  up  work  has  been  left  to 
the  local  churches.  He  has  given  himself  with  deep 
devotion  to  this  service  which  has  always  been  at  his 
own  expense. 

Most  noteworthy  for  the  renewal  of  the  churches 
are  the  Ashrams  or  retreats  which  are  conducted  in 
seven  or  eight  districts  of  the  land,  with  each  one  of 
three  or  four  days  duration.  Though  the  emphasis 
is  in  many  respects  similar  to  that  of  the  Keswick 
Convention,  the  importance  of  lay  effort  is  stressed, 
with  the  "  prayer  cell  "  as  the  vital  nucleus  of  Chris 
tian  growth  and  witness.  The  aim  has  been  to  es 
tablish  prayer  groups  in  as  many  churches  as  possible, 
to  pray  for  the  Church,  for  pastors  and  for  the 
Christian  witness  of  the  group,  with  special  emphasis 
on  prayer  for  spiritual  quickening  of  the  Church  in 
Japan.  This  prayer  fellowship  is  stimulated  and  spiri 
tual  experiences  shared  through  a  monthly  paper 
known  as  the  Prayer  Companion.  Dr.  Jones  was  ac 
companied  in  his  recent  itinerary  by  the  Rev.  Sten 
Nilsson  of  Sweden  who  is  the  leader  of  the  Ashram 
movement  in  Europe  and  a  man  of  wide  experience 
in  the  ministry  of  group  prayer.  The  perennial  em 
phasis  of  the  Ashrams  is  on  personal  dedication  to 
Christ  who  is  the  center  of  devotional  life  and  gospel 
witness.  As  many  have  experienced  on  these  occas- 
ion>,  the  believer  must  be  emptied  of  the  self  life 
and  receive  the  filling  of  the  Holy  Spirit  in  order  to 
render  faithful  obedience  to  the  will  of  God  in  Christ. 
Since  an  Ashram  of  four  years  ago  a  group  of  about 
fiik-en  women  representing  several  churches  have  been 
meeting  in  a  missionary  home  for  united  prayer  and 
tin  sharing  of  needs  and  experiences.  This  group, 
like  many  others,  has  proven  to  be  a  channel  of 


THE  CHURCH 

spiritual    renewal    which  the  Spirit  has    signally    used 
to  quicken  the  lay  witness  of  the  Church. 

PRAYER  BREAKFASTS 

Early  morning  prayer  meetings  are  being  held  in 
increasing  numbers  throughout  Japan,  especially  in 
the  metropolitan  areas.  These  are  usually  followed 
by  breakfast  in  order  to  accommodate  laymen  who 
have  the  work  of  the  day  before  them.  Such  meet 
ings  for  united  prayer  are  largely  the  result  of  the 
spiritual  stimulus  of  the  Osaka  and  Tokyo  Christian 
Crusades  and  the  International  Christian  Leadership 
movement,  not  to  mention  the  increasing  interest  of 
laymen  in  the  active  witness  of  the  gospel.  Each 
session  includes  a  Bible  reading  and  meditation  by 
the  chosen  leader  of  the  day,  the  sharing  of  experi- 
encs  and  special  prayer  needs  and  voluntary  prayer 
as  the  Spirit  leads.  These  gatherings  are  proving  to 
lie  an  effective  instrument  in  the  evangelization  of 
business  men  and  deepening  the  spiritual  life  of  those 
who  meet  in  this  way.  The  second  annual  convent 
ion  of  Prayer  Breakfasts  was  held  at  Aoyama  Gakuin 
University  in  April  1963. 

Space    forbids    further    details    concerning    spiritual 

movements  in  Japan,  which  under  the  leadership  and 

quickening  of  the  Holy  Spirit  contribute  to  the  renewal 

of    the  Church.     Since  the  war,  God    has    graciously 

ordered  a   widespread    sowing  of    His    Word    in    this 

the    third    largest  distribution    in    the    world. 

with  such  an  extensive  sowing  of  the    Word 

s  preparing  for  a  great  harvest  of  souls.      This 

constitutes    the    imperative    need  for    the    renewal    of 

the  Church  in  Japan. 


CHAPTER  4 
THE  CHURCH  IN  JAPAN 

Norman  H.  Nuding 

We  are  not  asked  many  times  to  take  a  compre 
hensive  look  at  all  of  the  churches  who  are  working 
in  Japan.  The  author  in  attempting  to  compile  this 
section  of  the  Japan  Christian  Yearbook  has  grown  to 
appreciate  the  difficulty  of  such  a  task.  The  number 
of  churches  working  in  Japan  is  overwhelming.  Since 
it  would  be  impossible  to  give  space  to  an  article 
from  each  individual  church,  we  have  requested  that 
a  representative  person  give  us  an  insight  into  the 
work  of  a  family  of  churches.  Consequently  this 
section  will  contain,  by  and  large,  articles  written 
regarding  "groups"  of  churches.  We  are  aware 
that  this  approach  will  inevitably  overlook  certain 
significant  work  which  is  being  done  in  Japan.  Even 
as  we  apologize  for  those  omissions,  we  are  confronted 
by  the  truly  wide  breadth  which  this  survey  is  able 
to  encompass. 

In  the  life  of  the  churches  working  in  Japan  this 
has  not  been  a  particularly  dramatic  year.  Trends 
which  were  started  some  years  age  continue  building 
momentum.  Post-war  mission  groups  have  almost 
all  been  responsible  for  establishing  and  transferring 
authority  to  Japanese  churches.  Churches  continue 
the  fight  to  reach  out  into  areas  of  life  where  the 
gospel  is  not  known.  Organizational  structures  have 
been  strengthened  to  give  a  sturdier  base  for  future 
developments.  Dialogue  between  the  churches  has 
grown  from  non-audible  gestures  to  a  barely  audible 
whisper.  The  churches  in  Japan  have  come  to  value 


98  T1IC  CHURCH 

more  highly  the  possibility  of  increased  communica 
tion  with  their  brothers  in  the  Christian  churches  of 
Asia.  But  the  church  has  been  the  church.  It  has 
struggled  to  meet  effectively  the  problems  that  each 
new  day  has  brought.  The  fact  of  its  life  is  cause 
for  thanksgiving  to  Almighty  God. 


THE  ALLIANCE  GROUPS 


George  Laug 

The  Alliance  affiliated  Missions  arose  in   nearly    all 
instances    from    spiritual    awakenings    in    other   lands, 
ther  in  Europe  or    in    North    America.      The    Holy 
spoke    to    and    through    particular   men.     Fires 
dndled  in  the  Scandinavian  lands  through  men 
Franson,  spreading  on  into  other  European  nations, 
•on  Taylor  and  those  who  followed  him  continue 
their  impact  on  Missions  originating  in  Europe, 
ican    thrust    came    through    such    men    as 
Kly  and  Simpson  and  it  is  still  reveberating  across 
the  fields,   including  Japan. 

This  article  will  not  deal  with  foreign  workers  but 
ith  the  Japanese  bodies  that  have  arisen  from 
worker's   efforts   and  are  still  to  some  extent 
Buttressed  by  their  cooperation. 

-lliance    Church,     sprung     from     the 
and    Missionary  Alliance    that  great  world' 
born    through    the    vision    of    Dr.    AB 
for  "the  regions  beyond".     This  work  may 
south-western     Honshu     and     western 
arger    centers    being    Hiroshima    and 
>uyama,  with  recent  beginnings  in  Kobe 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  94 

The  Japan  Alliance  Church  is  training  its  own 
pastors  and  workers  at  the  Hiroshima  Bible  School. 
The  graduating  class  of  1964  saw  six  young  men  and 
two  young  ladies  sent  out  into  the  work.  To  bolster 
the  training  program  in  Japan  promising  young  men 
and  pastors  are  being  sent  to  the  United  States  to 
receive  further  training. 

A  recently  dedicated  "Christian  Country  Com 
munity  Center",  near  Matsuyama  in  Shikoku  is 
unique  in  Alliance  work.  This  provides  community 
services  such  as  child  training,  singing,  English  classes, 
certain  courses  in  home  economics,  kindergarten  train 
ing,  as  well  as  worship  and  evangelism.  This  new 
center  was  dedicated  in  memory  of  Pastor  Ogata  who 
had  served  many  years  in  Matsuyama. 

In  Japan  the  work  spreads  its  influence  and  testimony 
through  radio  and  literature.  The  spirit  of  the  work 
is  being  re-enforced  by  a  recently  inaugurated  Spiritual 
Life  Conference  on  the  island  of  Miyajima. 

The  Japan  Covenant  Church  owes  its  origin  to  the 
inspiration  of  the  Holy  Spirit  in  Scandanavian  lands 
during  the  closing  decades  of  the  19th  century.  It 
spread  to  America  and  other  areas,  including  fields 
like  Japan.  However,  the  Japan  Covenant  work  was 
opened  in  1949  with  the  arrival  of  their  first  mission 
aries  to  this  country.  It  is  amazing  to  note  how  the 
Lord  has  worked  in  this  very  brief  period  of  time. 
Churches  have  been  established  in  Niigata  and  in 
Kanagawa  Ken,  in  Odawara,  Kofu,  Hiratsuka  and 
Chigasaki. 

At  the  Covenant  Seminary  and  Bible  School,  located 
in  Meguro  Ku,  in  Tokyo,  a  four  year  course  is  offered 
for  preparation  of  Covenant  pastors  and  a  shorter 
course  of  two  years  for  lay- workers,  including  women. 
There  is  a  steady  drive  toward  the  upgrading  of 


100  THE  CHURCH 

standards  in  training  for  Christian  service  and  leader 
ship. 

The  Covenant  Church  gives  thanks  to  God  for  the 
opening  of  a  year-round  Bible  Camp  at  Akagi  in 
Gumma  Ken.  This  is  a  choice  spot  and  opened  for 
first  time  in  November  1963.  It  is  conveniently  near 
Covenant  work  in  other  cities  of  that  prefecture, 
namely  Takasaki  and  Shibukawa, 

The   Nippon    Fukuin   Jyu    Kyokai    had   its  origins 
in  Scandanavia  through  the  flame  kindled  by  Frederick 
Franson.     This  work  began  in  Japan  in  post-war  days 
in  the  city  of  Urawa  in  Saitama  Ken.     The    opening 
wedge  was  made  through  the  work  of  a  Chaplain  by 
the  name  of  Donald  Carter  who  had  opened  a    Bible 
class    in    that  city.     As  he  left,   the  work  was  turned 
aver  to  the  Evangelical  Free  Church  whose  first  mis- 
sionary  was  Calvin  B.  Hanson.     Later  the  work  spread 
Koyto  and  even  farther  into  the  Kansai  to  a  place 
between    Osaka   and  Kobe.     For  a  time 
training  for  future  workers    was    carried    on    in 
)to    but    this   has  been  discontinued.     The  Fukuin 
Kyokai  pastors  are  now    being    trained    in    other 
such  as  Japan  Christian  College  and  seminaries 
There    is    however,    a    very    interesting 
School"   in  Kyoto.    This  is  operated 
school  with  sessions  on    Monday    evenings 
for    three    month    terms.      This    is    carried   on  jointly 
with  other  evangelicals  in  the  city 

Center  has    been    opened    in  Kawaguchi, 

Ken      In    addition,  grounds  have   been    pur- 

of    Lake    Biwa  for  a  sumPmer 

o 1  Th      \     1   SUTCr    Camp    is    scheduled 

s  church  is  also  carrying  on  an  active 

f  ^^  ?n    c<*~ion    with    the 
asting  Association. 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  101 

The  Far  Eastern  Gospel  Crusade  has  developed  a 
national  Church  known  as  the  Nippon  Shinyaku 
Kyodan.  The  work  of  this  group  was  opened  in 
Japan  through  the  vision  of  godly  chaplains  who  came 
to  Japan  with  the  earliest  occupation  forces,  after 
the  close  of  the  Pacific  War.  The  work  is,  therefore, 
very  new  but  it  is  filled  with  hope  and  vision  for  a 
solid  and  spiritual  ministry. 

This  work  centers  largely  near  the  Mt.  Fuji,  Yoko 
hama  and  Tokyo  areas  with  gospel  halls  and  churches 
in  a  number  of  places.  Three  of  the  Churches,  Ome, 
Higashi-Matsuyama  and  Yokohama  began  buildings 
last  year  which  were  completed  in  the  spring  of  1964. 
The  Church  in  Hachioji  and  Ome  are  planning  special 
evangelistic  efforts  in  connection  with  the  1964  autumn 
Olympics. 

Though  both  the  national  Church  and  missionaries 
are  working  side  by  side,  the  progress  is  slow  but 
steady,  both  in  numbers  and  maturity  of  spiritual 
life.  The  number  of  baptisms  in  1963  was  encourag 
ing.  The  leadership  training  program  of  the  Nihon 
Shinyaku  Kyodan  is  tied  largely  into  the  Japan  Christian 
College.  There  are  now  seven  in  training,  three 
young  men  and  four  women. 

The  Overseas  Missionary  Fellowship  is  a  direct 
descendant  of  the  China  Inland  Mission  and  arose  in 
Japan  following  the  expulsion  of  missionaries  from 
China  with  the  coming  of  Communism  into  power  about 
14  years  ago.  Missionaries  were  transferred  to  Japan 
from  China  to  open  work  and  others  have  joined 
them  from  Europe  and  America.  This  work  is  being 
done  in  northern  Honshu  and  on  Hokkaido.  Because 
it  is  one  of  the  newest  groups  in  Japan  it  is  very 
closely  related  to  the  missionaries  at  every  point. 
"  Fukuin  "  or  Gospel  Churches  are  to  be  found 


102  rim  CHURCH 


in  such  places  as  the  coal  mining  areas,  in  Mikasa" 
and  in  Akahira.  In  Mikasa,  though  there  was  a  loss 
of  ahout  30*0  of  the  members  through  the  closing 
of  coal  mines  the  membership  has  been  faithful  and 
goes  forward  with  plans  for  purchasing  land  and 
having  a  church  building  erected  by  the  summer  of 
1964.  They  now  fully  support  their  Pastor  who  was 
working  only  part-time  in  the  Church.  In 
Akabira,  a  similar  situation  has  come  about.  On 
rented  land  the  church  is  striving  hard  to  build  its 
own  place  of  worship  with  hopes  of  opening  the  doors 
in  late  April  of  this  year. 

In  Aomori  Ken,  as  of  February,  1963  some  nine 
ikuin  Churches  have  cooperated,  together  with 
local  missionaries,  to  sponsor  a  weekly  fifteen  minute, 
Ken-wide  Gospel  Broadcast  over  Radio  Aomori.  A 
good  percentage  of  the  funds  for  this  has  come  from 
local  believers. 

Beginning  in  the  spring  of  1963,   some  fifteen   men 
^hile  working  during  the  day  have  at- 
regular    night    classes    of    the    Sapporo    Bible 
A  regular  three  year   Bible  training  course 
:ted  to  be  developed  by  the  autumn  of  1964. 
The  Nippon  Domei  Kirisuto    Kyodan    experienced 
i    decimation    of    its    ranks  during  the 
,ar  penod.     Though  it  began  work   during    the    last 
of    the    nineteenth    century    there    was    but  a 
ered  group  of  churches  when  the  Domei  men  took 
re-organize  in  the  autumn  of  1948 
>    present    time    the    Nippon   Domei  Kirisuto 
working  in  cooperation  with    two    Mission 

SweTsh  All-   Lvan*elical    Alli-c-    Mission    and    the 
lance  MlsSion.     Both  of   these    had    their 
under    God     through    the    revival    kindled  in 
>candmavian  lands  by  Frederick  Franson 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  103 

During  the  year,  1963,  several  more  Churches  and 
a  good  number  of  young  pastors  were  added  to  the 
ranks.  These  pastors  and  churches  are  to  be  found 
in  several  Ken  from  Aomori  to  the  Kansai,  along 
both  east  and  west  coasts  and  down  the  center  of 
the  main  island,  as  well  as  in  Shikoku.  Added  to 
this  expansion  is  the  establishment  of  a  loose  formal 
relationship  between  it  and  a  number  of  independent 
churches  of  like  purpose  and  doctrine.  It  is  of  in 
terest  to  note  that  it  has  been  proposed  that  the  title 
of  chairman  be  transferred  from  the  Mission  to  the 
head  of  the  Domei  Kyodan.  Thus  the  official  board 
will  be  made  up  of  missionaries  and  Japanese  pastors, 
with  the  official  head  to  be  Japanese. 

Many  young  men  are  being  trained  at  the  Japan 
Christian  College  while  others  come  to  pastorates 
from  seminaries  in  Tokyo.  A  phase  of  training  that 
is  envisioned  in  a  growing  measure  is  that  of  Sunday 
Schools  and  the  encouragement  of  the  Sunday  School 
movement  among  the  churches. 

Church  planting  has  been  stressed  in  greater  Tokyo 
during  the  past  year.  Two  new  preaching  places 
were  opened  with  a  regular  program  and  place  of 
meeting.  Others  are  anticipated  in  answer  to  prayer 
and  effort  within  the  calendar  year  1964.  The  very 
challenge  of  suffering  through  the  serious  illness  and 
repeated  surgery  undergone  by  Pastor  M.  Matsuda 
has  bound  this  group  together  in  prayer  and  with 
answered  prayer  a  new  sense  of  rejoicing  and  assurance 
that  He  still  hears  and  answers. 

There  are  other  Alliance  type  groups  which  are 
working  in  Japan.  The  German  Alliance  Mission 
working  on  Sado  Island,  The  Norwegian  Alliance 
Mission  working  in  Kanagawa  prefecture  and  the 
Liebenzeller  Mission  coming  out  of  Germany,  and 


1()1  THE  CHURCH 

working  in  Kanagawa  and  Ibaragi  Prefectures  are 
all  additions  to  the  number  of  Alliance  affilated  groups^ 
Each  of  these  groups  has  Japanese  nationals  involved 
in  their  work. 


THE  ANGLICAN  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH 

/.  G.  Hayashi  &  Raymond  Hammer 

With  an  annual  growth  of  little  more  than  3%,  the 
Anglican  Episcopal   Church   in   Japan   can   hardly   be 
credited  with  outstanding  energy  or  highly  successful 
evangelistic  methods.     In  a  country,  however,    where 
there    is    a    tremendous    movement    of    population,    it 
often  takes  some  hard  running  to  stand  still !     There 
is   much   happening,   and   the  Church  has  been  chal 
lenged  by  the  message  of  the  Pan-Anglican  Congress 
at   Toronto    in    August    1963— with    its    emphasis    on 
'Mutual  Responsibility  and  Interdependence '—but  the 
full  implication  of  interdependence  is  far   from    being 
recognized   as   yet,    although    Bishop   Goto    (of  Tokyo 
Diocese)   was  one  of   the    main    platform   speakers    in 
support   of   the   Congress   document.     Professor  Endo 
(of    the    Central    Theological    College)     was    another 
Japanese    to   make   the    platform   at   Toronto,    joining 
the  panel  which  considered  the  Christian  confrontation 
of  the  world  without  the  Church.    The  fact  that  more 
than   30   went  from  Japan  to  the  Congress  made  the 
Church  in  Japan  very  conscious  of   its   outside   links. 
One    move    towards    closer    outside    links    is   seen    in 
Bishop  Goto's  present  participation  in  the  work  of  the 
Washington   diocese    in   Washington,    D.  C.    and    the 
proposed  visit  of  Bishop  Creighton  from  Washington 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  105 

to  Tokyo.  An  International  Committee  is  also  spon 
soring  the  scheme  for  the  construction  of  a  Tokyo 
Cathedral  opposite  to  Tokyo  Tower.  As  a  first  step 
the  new  Diocesan  Center  is  under  construction,  and 
completion  is  scheduled  for  June,  1964. 

There  is  also  close  Japanese-American  co-operation 
in  Okinawa.  Whilst  the  Anglican-Episcopal  work 
there  is  under  the  direction  of  the  Bishop  of  Honolulu, 
the  Okinawan  clergy  and  workers  are  trained  in  Japan, 
and,  in  addition,  Japanese  priests  are  aiding  in  the 
evangelistic,  social  and  pastoral  program  there.  The 
Kiyosato  Education  Experimental  Project  (pioneered 
by  Dr.  Paul  Rusch)  also  looks  abroad  to  America 
and  Canada,  but  has  a  vigorous  Japanese  Committee. 
The  Experimental  Farming  School  is  now  in  full 
swing,  and  it  is  hoped  that  a  new  wing  will  be  added 
to  the  Rural  Hospital  in  the  near  future.  The  estab 
lishment  of  the  Youth  Camp  Center  has  meant  that 
even  more  groups  can  be  accommodated  in  the  summer, 
and  in  summer  1963  the  Tokyo  and  Yokohama  Dio 
ceses  experimented  in  large  summer  camps,  which 
were  attended  by  wide  cross-sections  of  the  church 
population.  (In  connection  with  camps,  reference 
must  be  made  to  the  developments  at  St.  Mary's 
Camp  by  Lake  Yamanaka.  Amid  a  very  full  program 
of  camps,  one  especially  valuable  feature  is  the  *  Lay 
Leadership'  Camp — attended  by  upwards  of  80  people.) 

The  Rev.  MarkToshio  Koike  was  consecrated  Bishop 
of  Osaka  on  April  28th,  1963,  and  the  Bishop  sub 
sequently  became  Principal  of  Poole  Gakuin  on  the 
death  of  Mr.  Tanaka,  its  former  Principal.  His  Dio 
cese  is  making  some  headway  in  the  problem  of 
penetrating  the  '  Danchi  '  (large  apartment  blocks) 
with  the  Gospel,  whilst  there  is  occupational  evan 
gelistic  work  in  Amagasuki  and  Sakai. 


106  THE  CHURCH 

During  the  year  1963-64  ten  have  been  added  to 
the  ranks  of  the  clergy  (six  in  the  Kobe  Diocese,  and 
one  each  in  the  Hokkaido,  Osaka,  Kyushu  and  Tokyo 
Dioceses),  whilst  six  have  been  promoted  to  the 
priesthood.  There  have  been  four  deaths  (two  in  the 
Tokyo  Diocese)  and  one  retirement.  The  inadequacy 
of  available  pensions  in  the  face  of  Japan's  steeply 
rising  standard  of  living  has  made  it  impossible  as 
yet  to  implement  the  decisions  of  the  General  Synod 
in  1962  and  the  House  of  Bishops  with  respect  to 
compulsory  retirement  of  priests  and  bishops  at  72 
and  75  years  respectively.  The  local  churches  have 
been  doing  their  utmost  to  raise  the  level  of  their 
clergy  salaries,  but  the  burden  involved  both  here  and 
in  the  construction  of  new  buildings  to  replace  the 
small,  inadequate  postwar  structures  has  at  times 
blunted  the  outward  evangelistic  thrust  and  made  it 
impossible  for  the  Church  in  Japan  to  take  the  finan 
cial  responsibility  for  the  training  of  its  clergy,  that 
some  would  feel  desirable.  What  funds  that  do  come 
from  overseas  for  clergy  funds  are  now  being  largely 
devoted  to  the  starting  of  new  work  rather  than  to 
the  subsidizing  of  existing  work. 

The  fact  that  control  and  direction  of  the  Church 
are  in  Japanese  hands  is  everywhere  recognized,  but 
two  incidents  emphasized  the  move  from  mission  to 
church.  One  was  the  return  of  the  Epiphany  Sisters 
to  England  in  April  1963— with  no  immediate  prospect 
of  a  return  contingent.  By  contrast  the  Nazareth 
Sisterhood,  which  they  were  responsible  in  founding, 
has  gone  on  from  strength  to  strength,  and  has  started 
a  branch  house  in  Okinawa.  The  second  was  the 
break-up  of  the  old  S.  P.  G.  property-holding  organi 
zation,  and  its  conversion  into  the  Yokohama  Diocesan 
'  shadan  ' . 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  107 

During  1963,  new  Chapels  were  dedicated  in  St. 
Paul's  High  .School  and  Primary  School,  the  former 
an  interesting  modernistic  design  of  Antonin  Raymond's, 
whilst  Christ  Church,  and  Hachioji  Churches  were 
restored  and  dedicated.  1964  has  seen  the  opening  of 
new  churches  in  Fujisawa,  Kofu  and  Naoetsu.  In 
Kyoto,  St.  John's  Church — on  a  down-town  site — was 
pulled  down,  and,  apart  from  the  church  and  kinder 
garten,  a  large  ten -story  apartment  building  is  in 
construction — together  with  a  Supermarket  on  the  first 
floor! 

The  Seamen's  Mission  in  Kobe  completed  its  build 
ing  in  November  1963,  the  foundation  stone  having 
been  laid  by  the  Archbishop  of  York  during  his  visit 
in  June.  April  1963  also  saw  the  opening  of  a  new 
Boys'  High  School  in  Kobe,  named  Yashiro  Gakuin 
after  Bishop  Yashiro.  The  Bishop  of  Kobe  also  has 
a  scheme  for  the  training  of  would-be  emigrants  to 
Brazil.  (The  link  with  South  America  is  seen  further 
in  the  dispatch  of  a  group  of  would-be  settlers  to 
Brazil  from  the  Elizabeth  Sanders'  Home  in  Oiso  and 
in  the  establishment  of  an  Institute  for  Portuguese  and 
Spanish  Studies  at  St.  Paul's  University) 

The  Committee  on  Industrial  Evangelism  organized 
Study  Conferences  in  August  1963  and  April  1964, 
and  it  has  been  gratifying  to  see  stronger  lay  partici 
pation.  It  is  still,  however,  in  its  infant  stage. 

The  Central  Committee  on  Student  work  also  had 
summer  and  winter  meetings  for  study  and  strategic 
planning. 

August  1963  saw  a  meeting  of  all  engaged  in 
nursery  school  work,  whilst  educationalists  and  social 
workers  also  had  their  respective  group  meetings.  The 
students  of  the  Central  Theological  College  held  a 
summer  mission  in  Tokushima  Prefecture  on  the  island 


108  THE  CHURCH 


of  Shikoku,  whilst  branches  of  the  St.  Andrew's  had 
their  customary  program  of  mission  and  service  at  the 
parochial  level  in  the  summer. 

Students  from  Virginia  mingled  with  youth  from 
Kobe  Diocese  in  a  Work  Camp  engaged  on  the 
Yashiro  Gakuin  buildings  during  July  and  August 
1963. 

Anglicans  have  continued  to  take  a  leading  part  in 
Ecumenical  gatherings  in  Tokyo,  Kyoto  and  Kobe, 
and  have  initiated  a  Group  in  Nagoya.  Roman 
Catholic,  Orthodox  and  Protestant  speakers  have  been 
welcomed  at  the  Central  Theological  College.  It  is 
widely  felt,  however,  that,  as  yet,  there  is  little  ade 
quate  church-with-church  dialogue  and  discussion.  So 
much  of  the  participation  in  Faith  and  Order  Study 
r  in  the  Ecumenical  Discussion  Groups  is  on  an  in 
dividual  basis,  and  the  problem  of  securing  full  church 
commitment  remains. 

The   Publications  Board.     The  Anglican  Episcopal 
•ch  is  anxious  that  what  contribution  Anglicanism 
>   made   and   is  making  to  theological  thinking  and 
should  be  made  more  widely  available 
entire  Church  in  Japan,  and  the  Publications 
hich  was  duly  set  up  in   May    1963    has   ini- 
ranslation  program,  involving  both  Anglican 
and  also  current   Anglican    theological    contri- 
The   Church   Newspaper   is  now  under  the 
board  and  has  been  thoroughly  revised.     A  new 
the  strong  emphasis  on  news  of  the  world 
wide  church  and  ecumenical  relations. 


THE  BAPTIST  CHURCHES 

Noah  S.  Branncn 

There  are  Baptist  missionaries  representing  fifteen 
different  sending  societies  cooperating  with  eight  dif 
ferent  organizations  of  Baptist  churches  and  four  mis 
sions  in  Japan.  This  group  constitutes  the  "  family 
of  Baptists"  in  Japan,  though  there  exists  no  one 
administrative  organization  for  a  cooperative  evangelis 
tic  program.  In  1960,  however,  several  conservative 
Baptist  groups  organized  the  Baputesuto  Kyoryoku-kai 
(Baptist  Cooperative  Society)  which  held  its  third 
annual  session  from  May  9  to  May  11,  1963  where 
matters  of  common  interest — such  as  the  exchange  of 
ministers,  theological  education,  marriage  problems, 
and  the  problem  of  burial  plots  for  Christians  were 
discussed.  Two  of  the  Baptist  groups,  the  Japan 
Baptist  Convention  and  the  Japan  Baptist  Union,  are 
members  of  the  Baptist  World  Alliance,  and  dele 
gates  of  these  groups  attended  the  B.W.A.  meeting 
in  Rio  de  Janeiro  in  1962,  and  twenty-seven  women 
attended  the  East  Asia  Women's  Conference  of  the 
Baptist  World  Alliance  held  in  the  Philippines  in  the 
Spring  of  1963. 

According  to  the  statistics  of  the  Kirisutokyo  nenkan 
(1964),  the  greatest  number  of  Baptist  churches  are 
affiliated  with  the  Japan  Baptist  Convention  (Baputesuto 
Renmei) ,  with  whom  missionaries  from  the  Southern 
Baptist  Convention  Foreign  Mission  Board  are  cooperat 
ing.  The  next  largest  body  of  churches  is  organized 
under  the  Japan  Baptist  Union  (Baputesuto  Domet) , 
and  receives  cooperating  missionaries  from  both  the 
American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Societies  and  the 


0  TIIR  CHURCH 


K.-*-- 

preaching    places,    with    478    ministers    and     21,248 


the  T963  Annual  Convention  of  the  Japan  Baptist 
Convention  final  approval  was  given  to  a    «OT»£ 
tion  of  the  Convention  structure  to   become    effective 
n  January  1964.     Several  older  leaders  rotated  off  the 
Executive  Board  of  the  Convention  and  were  replaced 
by  younger,  postwar  men.    The  Rev.  Yoshikazu  Naka- 
jima    for  twelve    years    pastor    of    the   Osaka    Baptist 
Church,  was  elected  Executive   Secretary    and   Masao 
Kawaguchi,    for   many   years   pastor   of  the  '  Fukuoka 
Baptist  Church  and  more  recently  of  the  Okubo  Mis 
sion  in  Shinjuku,  was  elected    Evangelism    Secretary. 
From    these    younger    leaders    the    Convention    looks 
forward  to  an  era  of  vigorous  leadership  and  progres 
sive  expansion. 

Much  of  1964  was  occupied  with  preparation,  execu 
tion  and  follow-up  of  the  Baptist  New  Life  Movement, 
a  large  scale  evangelistic  effort  projected  in  cooperation 
with    the    Foreign    Mission    Board    of    the    Southern 
Baptist  Convention  and  the  Baptist   General   Conven 
tion    of   Texas.     More    than   six  hundred  evangelists, 
music    specialists    and    laymen    assisted    in    five    mass 
campaigns,  140  local  church   centered    meetings,    and 
in  personal  evangelism  over  a  period  of  six  weeks  in 
April  and  May.     Some  twenty-three  thousand  decision 
cards  were  signed  variously  indicating  initial  commit 
ment   to   Christ   as   their  Saviour,  a  determination  to 
seek  more  positively  the  truth  of  the  Christian   faith, 
or  in  the  case  of  some  only  a  casual  interest  in  Chris' 
tianity.     By  the  end  of  1963  the  Convention  churches 
and    preaching    points    recorded    a    total   of    1,778  in 
baptisms,    approximately    twice   the   number  recorded 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  111 

for  the  previous  year.  More  are  expected  to  follow 
through  to  baptism  and  responsible  church  member 
ship  during  1964.  The  Convention  now  has  95 
churches  and  117  preaching  points  with  a  total  mem 
bership  of  16,273. 

As  a  part  of  the  follow-up  activities  of  the  New 
Life  Movement  ten  selected  pastors  of  the  Convention 
has  been  invited  to  visit  the  churches  in  the  United 
States  for  three  months  in  the  summer  of  1964. 
These  men  will  go  in  groups  of  three  or  four  and 
will  be  expected  to  observe  evangelistic  and  educati 
onal  planning  and  projection  in  all  types  of  Baptist 
churches.  Upon  their  return  an  effort  will  be  made 
to  utilize  their  observations  and  impressions  in  the 
churches  of  Japan. 

In  the  fall  of  1963  a  preparatory  conference  was 
held  in  Hong  Kong  with  representatives  from  most 
of  the  countries  of  the  Orient  looking  toward  a  Church 
School  enlargement  campaign  in  1966  in  each  of  the 
countries.  The  Japan  Baptist  Convention  will  partici 
pate  actively  during  the  next  two  years  in  concerted 
efforts  to  conserve  the  harvest  from  the  New  Life 
Movement. 

In  the  spring  of  1963  women  representatives  from 
the  Japan  Baptist  Convention  participated  in  an  Asia 
Baptist  Women's  Conference  in  Manila.  The  Con 
ference  was  sponsored  by  the  Women's  Division  of 
the  Baptist  World  Alliance. 

The  Japan  Baptist  Convention  has  issued  an  invita 
tion  to  the  Baptist  World  Alliance  to  hold  its  World 
Congress  in  Tokyo  in  1970.  This  Congress  meets 
every  five  years. 

The  Japan  Baptist  Union  held  its  sixth  annual 
convention  in  1963,  and  voted  to  adopt  a  plan  for  a 
second  "  Five- Year  Evangelism  "  thrust.  This  second 


112  TIIH  CHURCH 


phase  of  the  evangelism  program  of  the  Japan  Baptist 
Union  would  have  a  threefold  emphasis  :  study,  strength 
ening  of  established  churches,  and  pioneer  (Urban) 
evangelism.  The  first  five-year  plan,  which  ends  with 
the  convention  in  the  Spring  (1964),  succeeeded  in 
organizing  eight  new  recognized  preaching  places  and 
the  addition  of  114  new  members.  Especially  en 
couraging  has  been  the  rapid  growth  of  new  meeting 
places  throughout  the  associations — many  of  them 
starting  from  among  the  membership  of  a  nearby 
Japan  Baptist  Union  Church,  some  of  them  directly 
related  to  the  Evangelism  Department  program,  and 
some  of  them  beginning  in  the  homes  of  members 
who  have  moved  to  new  locations..  A  leader  in  this 
new  outreach  has  been  Kanto  Gakuin  (related  institu 
tion  and  seminary).  Directly  or  indirectly  related  to 
this  institution  there  have  been  formed  as  many  as 
five  new  meeting  places  in  the  last  year  or  so.  Gener 
ally  these  meetings  begin  in  the  home  of  a  faculty 
member.  Missionaries  related  to  the  university  have 
had  opportunity  to  participate  in  getting  these  con 
gregations  started. 

The  pattern  of  growth  of  congregations  in  the  Japan 

Baptist  Union  was  vividly  presented  to   the    delegates 

of  the  Baptist  Consultation  on  World  Mission  at  Hong 

Kong    (December    27,    1963    to   January  5,   1964)    by 

Rev.  Hisakichi  Saito,  pastor  of  the  Shiogama  Greater 

Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee  for 

the    Japan    Baptist    Union.      As    he    explained    it,  his 

idea  of  evangelism  is  not  -  point  evangelism,"  where 

minister  may  have   a    few    preaching    points    where 

weekly    services,    but    "  line  evangelism," 

ch  he  described  as  being  like  the  casting  of  a  net 

veep   everything    up    in    the   total  mission  of  the 

to    the   community.     The   Greater    Parish  of 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  113 

this  Shiogama  Baptist  Church  now  includes  A  Baptist 
Camp  Site  (at  Rifu) ,  a  Rural  Center  (Farmer's  Gospel 
School),  as  well  as  six  preaching  places.  Further 
inroads  have  been  made  into  the  life  of  the  rural 
community  by  providing  a  temporary  nursery  school 
for  children  of  farmers  during  the  busy  season,  and 
the  annual  Rural  Center  Community  Fair. 


THE  CHINESE  CHURCHES 

Kenneth  Wilson 

Undoubtedly  there  were  many  Chinese  in  Japan 
prior  to  1900  but  little  is  known  of  any  ministry  to 
them.  We  begin,  therefore,  with  the  turn  of  the 
present  century  when  Japan  defeated  Russia  at  Port 
Arthur  and  her  prestige  skyrocketed. 

In  1904  Chinese  students  were  arriving  at  100  a 
month.  In  1905  this  average  had  increased  to  500. 
By  1906  there  were  15,000  in  Tokyo  and  Yokohama. 

Due  to  the  many  pressures,  moral  and  otherwise, 
put  on  them  the  YMCA  turned  its  attention  to  these 
homeless,  and  seeming  rootless  students.  With  the 
interest  of  the  whole  far-eastern  YMCA  organization 
aroused  by  the  sudden  need  of  the  Chinese  students 
in  Japan,  money  and  personnel  came  from  all  quarters 
(particularly  from  Hongkong,  China  and  Korea)  and 
a  YMCA  building  was  erected  in  Tokyo.  It  was 
dedicated  in  1907  and  conducted  Bible  classes,  night 
school  and  social  activities  for  these  students. 

In  the  meantime  the  Anglican  Mission  sent  a  Chinese 
pastor  from  Hankow  and  a  Chinese  school  was  started 


114  THE  CHURCH 


in  a  rented  building.  Soon  missionaries  came  to  assist. 
By  1910  the  mission  had  4  centers  and  had  taken 
over  supervision  of  the  YMCA's  work  for  the  Chinese. 
During  1961  the  Church  Mission  Society  brought  its 
strength  to  bear  some  of  the  burden.  In  1919  the 
Chinese  YMCA  in  Tokyo  had  a  total  membership 
of  1,019.  The  great  earthquake  in  1923  destroyed 
buildings  and  disrupted  the  work.  There  was  some 
resurgence  and  rebuilding  and  then  the  Manchurian 
Incident  brought  such  tensions  between  the  Chinese 
community  and  the  Japanese  that  little  more  is  heard 
of  the  work  in  the  Kanto  area. 

In  the  Kansai  area,  however,  it  was  during  the 
[916-30  period  that  a  very  strong  indigenous  work 
began  under  the  leadership  of  a  Chinese  individual. 
After  graduating  from  Palmore  Institute  this  man 
started  a  Chinese  school  and  church.  By  1921  the 
church  had  a  Christian  Endeavor  group  of  over  100. 
In  1926  they  reported  completion  of  10  successful 
years  in  the  school. 

Little  was  done  for  the  Chinese  in  either  the  Kanto 

Kansai  areas  again  until  after  the  last  war.     Within 

brief  time  a  ministry  began  in  the  Student    Center 

•chanomizu  and    Yokohama's    China    Town       At 

Umost    the    same  time  the  need  for    a    Christian    ap- 

ich  to  the  Chinese  was  felt  in  Kobe.     Three  people 

spearheading  these  three  projects  :    Mr.    Donald 

unter    in  Tokyo,  Mrs.   Bertha  Hannestad    in    Yoko- 

ma  and  Dr.   W.  C.  McLauchlin  in  Kobe      Out   of 

work  there  has  come  two  churches    in    Tokyo, 

i  Yokohama,  three  in  the  triangle  cities  of  Kobe, 

and  Kyoto-and  a  mission  of  the  Kobe  church 

stabhshed  in  1961  in  Nagoya.     Beside  these  there  is 

Hock  Fellowship  and  a  Taiwan  Presbyterian 

m  Tokyo  and  a  meeting  of  believers   in    the 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  115 

home  of  Chinese  Consul  James  Lee  in  Nagasaki.  A 
group  of  the  Kobe  Chinese  Presbyterian  Church  has 
kept  alive  a  worshipping  fellowship  which  meets  each 
Sunday  afternoon  in  Kobe's  Sun  Yat  Sen  Memorial 
Building.  The  ministry  of  these  churches  is  almost 
exclusively  in  Mandarin.  In  addition  to  the  Taiwan 
church  of  Tokyo,  the  Kobe  Chinese  Presbyterian 
Church  holds  morning  worship  in  Mandarin  and  an 
afternoon  service  in  Taiwanese.  Several  churches  offer 
bilingual  Mandarin  to  Japanese  or  Mandarin  to 
Taiwanese — sometimes  English  to  Mandarin  sermons. 
There  is  a  need  for  more  preaching  in  Cantonese  in 
Yokohama  and  Kobe. 

One  of  the  strongest  churches  in  Tokyo  was  founded 
by  members  of  the  Ochanomizu  Fellowship.  It  is 
presently  known  as  The  Tokyo  Overseas  Chinese 
Christian  Church  and  is  located  in  the  Azabu  area. 
Here,  as  in  the  case  of  most  of  the  churches,  there 
is  an  able  and  dedicated  group  of  lay  leaders  and 
self-support  and  self-direction  is  in  evidence. 

Membership  of  all  the  churches  is  estimated  at  350. 
Inquirers  would  increase  this  number  to  650.  The 
number  that  worships  on  an  average  Sunday  would 
total  nearly  850. 


THE  KOREAN  CHURCH 


C.  Rodger  Talbot 

Side  by  side  with  '  Japanese '  Churches  in  Japan 
there  are  a  number  of  Churches  among  ethnic  groups. 
The  Churches  among  the  Korean  residents  in  Japan 


1)(i  TUB  CHURCH 

probably    form   a    lar^e    fraction    of  these  ethnic  type 

Churches.  .. 

These  Churches  which  usually  center  their  fellow 
ship  on  a  language  other  than  Japanese  are  acutely 
congregational  in  many  ways.  Their  ties  with  the 
Christian  community  outside  their  own  group  are 
usually  rather  tenuous.  Quite  commonly  they  have 
stronger  ties  with  Christians  across  the  seas  than  with 
Christian  groups  across  the  street. 

Because  these  Christians  are  foreigners  in  Japan, 
their  cultural  and  Church  background  are  quite  distinc 
tive.  Accordingly  their  Church  life  and  their  witness 
in  Japan  are  interestingly  distinctive  from  Japanese 
Churches.  In  spite  of  their  atomic  nature  and  wide 
national  variety  all  of  these  Churches  have  strikingly 
common  characteristics  and  similar  opportunities. 

The  Churches  and  preaching  places  among  the 
Koreans  in  Japan  are  about  55  in  number.  Of  these 
approximately  five  are  independent  congregations.  The 
rest  form  a  united  Church  called  The  Korean  Christian 
Church  in  Japan.  This  Church  unites  Korean  Chris 
tians  from  various  denominational  backgrounds,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Japan  N.C.C.  The  independent 
congregations  are  those  who  probably  have  theological 
or  ecclesiastical  questions  about  affiliating  with  such 
a  group  as  The  National  Christian  Council. 

The  Korean  Christian  Church  in  Japan  is  an  inde 
pendent  and  self-governing  Church.  It  has  no  formal 
relations  with  the  Churches  in  Korea.  The  govern 
ment  is  a  presbyterian  type.  There  are  four  districts 
Kanto,  Chubu,  Kansai  and  Seinan  with  a  General 
Assembly  which  meets  annually. 

Statistically  it  is  not  a  large  Church.  It  has  a  total 
membership  of  about  3,500  members,  with  1,480  com 
muning  members.  It  has  31  pastors  with  about  50 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  117 

churches  and  preaching  points. 

The  total  Korean  population  in  Japan  is  estimated 
at  600,000  persons. 

Although  a  numerically  small  group  the  Korean 
Church  here  is  conscious  of  the  need  to  work  at  making 
Christian  ties  as  basic  to  its  life  as  ethnic  ties.  Thus 
there  is  promoted  a  broad  ecumenical  concern.  Be 
sides  participation  in  the  J.N.C.C.,  there  have  been 
long  and  close  ties  with  the  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Canada.  The  E.A.C.C.  has  encouraged  participation 
in  various  conferences  and  consultations.  At  the  recent 
meeting  in  Bangkok  the  representatives  of  The  Korean 
Church  in  Japan  pressed  for  a  study  of  the  Christian 
witness  of  minority  groups  in  South  East  Asia. 

The  Church  has  benefitted  considerably  from  its 
participation  in  the  World  Presbyterian  Alliance.  The 
present  study  theme  in  preparation  for  the  August  quad 
rennial  assembly,  "Come  Creator  Spirit"  has  been  a 
spiritual  help  to  many.  Even  before  being  accepted 
as  an  associate  member  of  the  World  Council  of 
Churches,  many  leaders  in  the  Church  were  grateful 
for  the  leadership  given  in  areas  such  as  the  Laity, 
Studies  in  Evangelism  and  Ethnic  Group  problems. 


THE  LUTHERAN  CHURCHES 

Howard  Alsdorf 

Sorting  out  the  various  Lutheran  groups  can  be  a 
very  confusing  task  for  non-Lutherans.  Even  some 
who  call  themselves  Lutherans  may  experience  some 
difficulty,  in  view  of  the  mergers  which  have  taken 


HH  THE  CHURCH 

place  in  Japan  and  in  the  States  during  the  past  two 

years.  .       e 

Lutheran    work  in  the  Japan  was  started    in    baga, 
in    1893,    hy  representatives  of  a  group    that    is    now 
part  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America.      The  Evan- 
Kelical    Lutheran    Church    in  Japan    (JELC)     is    the 
outgrowth    of  this  seventy-year-old  mission    endeavor. 
The    JELC    hrought    together  the    congregations    and 
institutions    that  had  been  sponsored  by  three   of    the 
churches  which  united  to  form  the  Lutheran   Church 
in  America  :    the  United  Lutheran  Church,  Augustana 
Lutheran  Church,  and  the  Suomi  Synod.      In  addition, 
the  work  of  the  Lutheran   Evangelical  Association    of 
Finland  has  been  associated  with  the  JELC  ever  since 
1940.     In  post-war  years,  the  JELC  has  signed  work 
ing  agreements  with  the  Danish  Mission  Society   and 
the    North    German    Mission.      In    May,    1963,    this 
JELC  was  merged  with  the  Tokai  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Church,    which    was    the    post-war    development    of 
the  Evangelical    Lutheran    Church    (now  part    of    the 
American    Lutheran    Church).      The    new    Japanese 
church,     which    retains    the    name    JELC,    has    been 
occupied  during  the  succeding  months  in  making  the 
many  adjustments  necessary  in  policies   and    practices 
to  enable  the  church  to  reach  its  goal  of  organic  union. 
Thus,    the  present  JELC  represents  the  fruits  of    the 
combined  labors  of  the  missionaries  of    the    Lutheran 
Church  in  America,  the  American  Lutheran  Church, 
the  Lutheran  Evangelical  Association  of  Finland,    the 
Danish  Mission  Society,  and  the  North  German  Miss 
ion,  as  well  as  their  many  Japanese  co-workers. 

In  addition  to  its  seminary  in  Tokyo,  the  JELC  is 
related  to  two  junior-senior  high  schools  in  Kumamoto 
(Kyushu  Gakuin  and  Kyushu  Jogakuin)  and  the  Tokai 
Lutheran  Bible  School  in  Shizuoka.  It  operates  two 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  119 

student  centers  in  Tokyo,  as  well  as  one  in  Kyoto. 
Also  affiliated  with  the  church  are  a  number  of  social 
service  institutions  in  Kumamoto,  Arao,  Beppu,  Osaka, 
Chiba,  and  Tokyo.  Five  church  camps — at  Mt.  Aso, 
Hiroshima,  Kansai,  Shizuoka,  and  Hakone — provide 
retreat  facilities  for  various  church  organizations  and 
student  groups. 

As  a  part  of  the  preparations  for  the  consummation 
of  the  organic  union  of  the  newly-merged  church,  a 
Japan  Evangelism  Consultation  was  convened  at  Oiso, 
in  January,  1964,  with  representatives  of  the  JELC 
and  all  its  supporting  groups  participating  in  the 
discussions.  The  one  tangible  result  of  this  meeting 
was  the  proposal  to  set  up  the  Japan  Lutheran  Com 
mittee  for  Cooperative  Mission,  which  is  to  be  com 
posed  of  the  representatives  of  the  overseas  groups 
and  to  meet  annually  in  Japan  for  the  express  purpose 
of  allocating  requests  for  funds  and  personnel  from 
overseas.  It  is  hoped  that,  within  a  fairly  short  time, 
this  committee  will  become  the  single  channel  through 
which  all  subsidies  for  the  church  and  its  institutions 
will  come  from  overseas. 

The  JELC,  as  well  as  its  related  missionary  organ 
izations,  is  one  of  the  groups  supporting  the  Lutheran 
Literature  Society  (Seibunsha) .  The  Society  is  backed 
by  all  the  Lutheran  groups  currently  working  in  Japan. 
Similarly,  all  Lutheran  groups  cooperate  in  the  follow- 
up  on  the  Lutheran  Hour  broadcast.  Originally,  this 
broadcast  was  sponsored  wholly  by  the  Lutheran 
Laymen's  League  of  the  Lutheran  Church-Missouri 
Synod.  While  Missouri  still  produces  the  program 
and  pays  for  a  large  share  of  the  broadcast  time, 
many  of  the  other  groups  pay  for  the  broadcast  time 
in  their  respective  areas.  It  is  no  exaggeration  to  say 
that  the  Japan  Lutheran  Hour,  as  the  oldest  and  most 


1:JO  THE  CHURCH 

widely  aired  (107  stations)  Christian  program  in  Japan, 
hasbeen  of  tremendous  value  to  the  whole  Christian 
community    during  its   thirteen  years  on  the  air.      In 
June,    1963,    the  Lutheran  Hour  Center    received    its 
one    millionth  letter  from  its  listeners,  and  later    that 
same    year    graduated  the  40,000th  student    from    its 
correspondence  course  on  the  basic  doctrines  of  Christi 
anity      The  fourteen  regional  Lutheran  Hour    centers 
attempt    to    channel    listeners  into    the    local    congre 
gations,  whether  the  latter  are  Lutheran  or  not. 
3  Regrettably,  plans  to  inagurate  a  Christian  television 
program    in    1963    had  to  be   postponed.      It    is    still 
hoped    that   a    television    series    can    be    undertaken, 
perhaps    by    late    1964.     In  order   to    reach    a    wider 
radio    audience,  the  Lutheran  Hour  staff  is    presently 
considering  the  addition  of  one  or  more  new  programs 
directed    at  audiences  which  are  not  attracted   to    the 
dramatic  format  now  being  used. 

The  Japan  Lutheran  Kyodan,  which  has  been  the 
motive  force  behind  the  Lutheran  Hour  broadcast, 
is  the  15-year-old  mission  of  the  Lutheran  Church- 
Missouri  Synod.  Its  evangelistic  activities  are  centered 
in  four  areas  :  Kanto,  Fukushima,  Niigata,  and  Hok 
kaido.  In  addition,  an  affiliated  mission  in  Okinawa, 
inaugurated  in  1958  and  served  by  two  resident  mis 
sionaries,  has  just  been  strengthened  by  the  addition 
of  a  Japanese  pastor  in  early  1964.  The  congregations 
in  Okinawa  show  the  most  rapid  rate  of  growth,  but 
the  work  there  is  hampered  by  the  lack  of  adequate 
facilities. 

The  Lutheran  Kyodan  conducts  two  Youth  Centers  : 
one  in  Tokyo,  and  one  in  Sapporo.  The  Sapporo 
program  has  received  considerable  impetus  from  the 
arrival  of  a  trained  youth  specialist — the  first  step  in 
a  projected  exchange  program  which  is  also  to  take 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  121 

a  Japanese  youth  worker  to  America.  In  Tokyo,  the 
youth  center  work  is  co-ordinated  with  the  outreach 
of  the  Tokyo  Lutheran  Center  English  School  which 
regularly  enrolls  more  than  800  paying  students. 

This  church  also  concerns  itself  with  Christian 
education.  In  addition  to  kindergartens  on  the  con 
gregational  level,  the  mission  operates  a  junior-senior 
high  school  in  Hanno,  and  an  elementary-junior  high 
in  Urawa.  Although  this  group  has  yet  to  embark 
upon  a  social  service  program  as  such,  a  social  wel 
fare  consultant  has  already  been  appointed  to  guide 
the  church  into  the  most  effective  ways  for  showing 
the  concern  of  Christ  for  all  people. 

While  currently  maintaining  its  own  theological 
training  program,  negotiations  are  underway  looking 
toward  cooperation  with  the  JELC  in  the  establishment 
of  a  new  Lutheran  seminary  in  the  vicinity  of  ICU. 

In  1961,  the  Norwegian  Missionary  Society  and  the 
Lutheran  Free  Church  of  Norway  cooperated  in  the 
formation  of  the  Kinki  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church, 
which  is  located  in  Hyogo,  Nara,  Wakayama,  and 
Mie  prefectures.  This  church  and  its  two  associated 
missions  assist  other  Lutheran  groups  in  the  Osaka 
Lutheran  Hour  Center,  and  join  with  the  Norwegian 
Lutheran  Mission  in  the  support  of  the  Kobe  Lutheran 
Bible  Institute.  The  Norwegian  Missionary  Society 
was  responsible  for  the  launching  of  the  Shinko  Maru, 
the  gospel  ship  which  plies  the  waters  of  Osaka  Bay, 
calling  at  many  of  the  numerous  fishing  villages  which 
are  all-but-inaccessible  in  any  other  way.  70  persons 
can  worship  in  the  main  hall  on  the  ship,  and  it  once 
accommodated  as  many  as  120  children  for  a  single 
program,  At  the  end  of  1963,  the  Kinki  church 
numbered  863  members  in  14  churches,  served  by  9 
Japanese  pastors,  8  lay  evangelists,  and  14  mission- 


122  THE  CHURCH 

aries       The    goal    of    financial    self-support    is     being 
strongly  emphasized  in  all  Kinki  congregations. 

A    fourth  Lutheran  body,  the  Nishi  Nikon    Evan 
gelical    Lutheran    Church,     is    at    work    in    Hyogo, 
Okayama,    Tottori,    and    Shimane   prefectures.       Inis 
church  is  the  outgrowth  of  work  begun  by  the   Nor 
wegian    Lutheran    Mission.      This    same    mission    es 
tablished    the  Kobe  Lutheran  Bible  Institute  and    the 
Kobe    Lutheran    Seminary.     A    rural    center    is    now 
being  set  un  in  Hiruzen,  northern  Okayama  prefecture. 
This  church  has  its  motto:     "Every  believer  a    soul- 
winner",    and  places  strong  emphasis  on  the   role    of 
the  layman  in  the  life  of  the  church.     As  of  December 
31,    1963,    the    Nishi     Nihon    Evangelical     Lutheran 
Church    numbered  750  members,  in  9    churches    and 
52  preaching  places,  served  by  3  Japanese  pastors,    7 
lay  evangelists,  8  Bible  women,  and  16    missionaries. 
The  Lutheran  Brethren  mission,  at  work   in    Akita 
and    Yamagata    prefectures,    has    six    missionaries    on 
its    roll,    and    operates  the   Tohoku    Bible    School    in 
Akita    City.      The    Scandinavian    Christian    Doyukai, 
with    three    missionaries,    is    establishing    a    farming 
center  at  Shin  Rei  San    (New   Spirit  Mountain)   near 
Shizuoka. 


THE  PEACE  CHURCHES 

Ferdinand  Ediger 

The  Church  of  the  Brethren,  The  Religious  Society 
of  Friends  and  The  Mennonite  and  Brethren  in  Christ 
Churches  are  usually  referred  to  as  the  Historic  Peace 
Churches. 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  123 

The  Brethren  Service  Commission,  representing  the 
Church  of  the  Brethren,  first  came  to  Japan  in  1956 
with  a  program  centering  on  International  Peace 
Seminars  and  work  camps.  Based  on  the  conviction 
that  the  Christian  faith  calls  men  to  be  peacemakers, 
the  seminars  draw  students  from  diverse  cultures, 
religious  traditions,  and  races  to  explore  together  pro 
blems  of  conflict  between  nations.  Through  lectures, 
discussions,  meditation  and  recreation,  the  seminar 
participants  seek  to  find  ways  to  resolve  the  tensions 
which  divide  the  human  community.  The  summer 
program  generally  involves  a  short  work  camp  ex 
perience  as  well  as  a  field  trip  to  Hiroshima  to  meet 
with  civic  leaders,  medical  doctors  and  A-bomb  sur 
vivors  to  discover  the  long-range  results  of  a  conflict 
which  was  not  resolved  peacefully. 

In  addition  to  the  seminar  program,  the  Brethren 
Service  Commission  has  supported  a  Japanese  social 
worker  in  Hiroshima  and  sponsors  monthly  meetings 
for  seminar  alumni  residing  in  the  Tokyo  area. 
Recently  two  Japanese  young  people  have  gone  to  the 
United  States  to  work  as  volunteer  social  workers  in 
settlement  houses  located  in  areas  of  need. 

Based  on  the  concept  that  all  men  are  brethren  in 
spirit,  the  program  in  the  future  will  continue  to  be 
one  designed  to  increase  international  understanding 
and  promote  reconciliation  between  man  and  man. 

The  Religious  Society  of  Friends — often  called 
Quakers — like  other  Christian  fellowships,  embraces 
a  broad  range  of  emphases  in  the  areas  of  faith  and 
practice.  Friends  are  marked  by  their  emphasis  on 
the  direct  religious  experience  of  the  individual. 
Authority  is  not  vested  in  a  hierarchy  ;  major  decisions 
are  made  by  the  local  group,  called  Monthly  Meetings. 
There  are  223  members  in  the  Japan  Yearly  Meeting 


124  THE  CHURCH 


and  their  meetings  are  held  in  Osaka,  Tokyo  (Toyama 
Heights  and  Shimoigusa) ,  Mito  City  and  Shimotsuma 
in  Ibaraki  Prefecture  and  a  small  informal  group  meets 
at  International  Christian  University.  There  are  no 
pastors  but  in  most  cases  a  clerk  presides. 

The  American  Friends  Service  Committee  (AFSC) , 
founded  in  1917  as  an    outgrowth    of   the    Society    of 
Friends,     is    a    contemporary    expression    of    Friends' 
Through    service    for  the  common 
good,  the  AFSC  bears  witness  to    the    unity   and    in 
terdependence—economically,    socially,     morally,    and 
spiritually— of   all    mankind.     The    Japan  Unit  of  the 
AFSC  was  set  up  in    1946   to   help   administer   relief 
Esther    B.    Rhoads,    former    teacher    and 
principal  of  the  Friends   Girls   School    in    Tokyo,    re 
presented  the  AFSC  in  Licensed  Agencies  for  Relief 
sia.     The  AFSC  also  helped    establish    neighbor- 
centers   whose   administration   was  taken  up  by 
the  Japan  Friends  Service  Committee  in  1954. 

As  far  as  current  activities  are  connected,  the  Japan 
mes  on  a  number  of  programs.     International 
nars  and  workcamps,  each  bringing  together   ap- 
imately  40  Japanese  and  foreign  participants,  are 
summer  in  various  parts  of  Japan  and  East 
Diplomat  luncheons  enable  diplomats  stationed 
yo  to  discuss  informally  and  frankly  key  inter- 
The  School  Affiliation  Service  brings 
'-   and    American    Schools    in    contact    through 
*  of  letters,  art  work,  tape  recordings,  teachers 
Peace  problems  are  studied    in   a   series 
|  meetings  held  each  spring  and  fall  in  Tokyo. 
Mennonite and  Brethren  in  Christ    groups    in 
-rk  together  with  four  mission  groups  whose 
sonnel  come  from  Canada  and  the  U.  S.  A      Briefly 
'  are   characterized    by   their   emphases   on 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  125 

Christian  discipleship,  Christian  service  and  peace 
making.  Geographically,  the  Mennonite  Brethren 
group  works  in  the  Osaka  area,  the  Brethren  in 
Christ  in  Yamaguchi  Prefecture  along  the  Sanin  Line, 
the  Hokkaido  Fellowship  in  eastern  Hokkaido  and 
the  Kyushu  Fellowship  in  Miyazaki  Prefecture.  Three 
of  the  groups  cooperate  in  literature  production,  Peace 
emphasis  and  Tokyo  Evangelism.  All  four  of  the 
groups  are  committed  to  evangelism,  establishment  of 
churches  and  nurture. 

The  Mennonite  Brethren  seek  to  encircle  the  metro 
polis  of  Osaka  with  churches  on  each  of  the  train 
lines  so  that  contacts  from  all  areas  of  the  city  will 
be  able  to  have  access  to  "  Bible  teaching,  believing 
ministry".  They  have  nine  organized  churches  and 
three  "preaching  places".  Six  pastors,  who  have 
graduated  from  their  Osaka  Biblical  Seminary,  and 
some  of  the  missionaries  serve  as  leaders  in  the 
churches  where  the  membership  is  now  at  428.  In 
conjunction  with  a  10  minute  radio  program,  asa  no 
hikari,  a  monthly  evangelistic  campaign  is  held  in  the 
Central  Municipal  Hall  in  Osaka. 

The  first  missionaries  of  the  Brethren  in  Christ 
group  came  to  Yamaguchi  Prefecture  in  1953  and 
today  one  can  find  83  active  members  in  8  "cells". 
The  most  distinctive  aspect  of  their  work  is  that  of 
trying  to  have  self-supported  lay  leaders  for  all  the 
cells  and  sometimes  several  for  each  cell  if  possible. 
As  part  of  that  approach  they  have  a  weekly  formal 
training  school  which  leaders  and  potential  leaders 
attend  and  from  which  they  go  directly  to  their  places 
of  work  the  next  morning. 

The  Hokkaido  Mennonite  Fellowship  has  10  or 
ganized  churches  with  an  active  membership  of  220. 
Leadership  is  carried  out  by  7  pastors,  2  lay  leaders 


THE  CHURCH 
missionaries  who  work  as  a  close  brotherhood^ 


acteristic  emphases.     Work  began  in 

The  Kyushu  Mennonite  Fellowship  began  work  m 
1951  with  church  planting  and  discipleship  character 
ized  by  general  evangelism,  radio  evangelism  (a  weekly 
program),  student  evangelism  (a  student  center  m 
Mivazaki) ,  and  literature  evangelism  (three  bookstores)  . 
Five  pastors,  some  with  formal  training  and  six  mis 
sionaries  provide  leadership  for  280  members  m  8 
organized  and  14  unorganized  fellowships. 

The  latter  three  groups  cooperating  in  Tokyo  evan 
gelism  have  three  fellowship  groups  with  missionary 
and  lay  leadership.  One  missionary,  with  a  peace 
assignment  mandate,  promotes  seminars,  lecture  tours, 
international  exchange  within  the  framework  of  the 
churches  and  holds  interdenominational  peace  seminars 
for  pastors  in  various  areas  of  Japan.  The  Japan 
Mennonite  Literature  Association  has  published  books 
regarding  Anabaptist  history  and  the  biblical  peace 
witness. 


THE  PENTECOSTAL  GROUPS 


John- Willy  Rudolph 

In  Acts  2  :  4  the  first  outpouring  of  the  Holy  Spirit 
is  recorded.  "They  were  all  filled  with  the  Holy 
Spirit,  and  began  to  speak  with  other  tongues,  as  the 
Spirit  gave  them  utterance."  Down  through  church 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  127 

history  there  have  been  such  manifestations  of  the 
Holy  Spirit.  At  the  beginning  of  this  century  the 
Holy  Spirit  fell  on  small  groups  of  praying  Christians 
in  various  countries — in  America,  the  Scandinavian 
countries,  Central  Europe,  India,  and  China.  The 
common  experience  in  each  place  was  the  infilling  of 
the  Holy  Spirit  with  speaking  in  tongues  and  other 
manifestations  of  the  Holy  Spirit.  This  revival  spread 
to  all  parts  of  the  world,  and  became  known  as  the 
Pentecostal  Movement,  which  now  embraces  more 
than  ten  million  Christians.  Pentecost  is  not  a  de 
nomination  but  an  experience  with  the  Holy  Spirit 
for  all  Christians.  Today  we  are  witnessing  this  truth 
as  believers  in  many  denominations  throughout  the 
world  are  receiving  the  baptism  in  the  Holy  Spirit. 

It  is  believed  that  Mr.  &  Mrs.  C.  P.  Juergensen 
who  arrived  in  Tokyo  in  August  1913  were  the  first 
Pentecostal  missionaries  in  Japan.  Their  daughter, 
Miss  Marie  Juergensen,  is  still  serving  here.  The 
Juergensens  opened  their  work  in  Tokyo.  Occasional 
outpourings  of  the  Holy  Spirit  have  been  witnessed 
since  the  start  of  Pentecostal  work  fifty  years  ago.  In 
1918  and  1923  in  Yokohama;  in  1930  in  Tokyo;  a- 
gain  at  Yokohama  in  tent  meetings  in  1937  ;  also  at 
Yokohama  and  Osaka  in  1937  when  more  than  one 
hundred  persons  were  filled  with  the  Spirit ;  in  post 
war  Japan  in  early  1948;  and  since  in  newly  estab 
lished  missions  and  churches  the  Holy  Spirit  has 
fallen  "as  in  the  beginning"  (Acts  11:15)  on  many 
new  converts.  Among  the  leaders  in  Pentecostal 
churches  today  are  Japanese  brethren  who  were  con 
verted  and  filled  with  the  Holy  Spirit  during  the  early 
days  of  Pentecostal  missionary  work.  The  emphasis 
on  the  Holy  Spirit  has  been  accompanied  with  a 
vigorous  evangelism  ministry  to  bring  the  Gospel  to 


128  THE  CHURCH 

the  people  of  Japan. 

From  the  humble  beginnings  in  1913,  the  work  has 
grown.  Recent  statistics  show  that  there  are  now 
more  than  two  hundred  Pentecostal  missionaries  from 
eleven  countries  serving  together  with  over  four  hun 
dred  national  pastors  and  workers.  Churches  and 
outposts  number  more  than  350  with  over  5,500 
members.  More  than  10,000  children  are  attending 
Sunday  Schools  and  children's  meetings.  Other 
children  are  served  in  nursery  schools,  kindergartens, 
and  orphanages. 

Aggressive  evangelism  emphasis  has  characterized 
the  Pentecostal  work  in  Japan.  Evangelistic  meetings 
in  tents  and  public  halls,  street  meetings,  jail  and 
hospital  services,  radio  programs,  a  boat  ministry  in 
the  Inland  Sea,  English  classes,  churches  for  the  deaf, 
and  four  book  stores  are  vital  parts  of  Pentecostal 
outreach.  One  hundred  students  are  taught  in  eight 
Bible  Schools  in  preparation  for  Christian  service. 

A  conference  of  Pentecostal  missionaries  is  held  for 

fellowship  and  prayer  annually  in  the  month  of  March. 

Other  meetings  are  held  locally  throughout  the  year. 

the  earnest  prayer  of  Pentecostal  missionaries  that 

Spirit  may  be   manifested    revealing   to    this 

nation  the  glory  of  our  Lord  and  Savior  Jesus  Christ. 


I'RKSBYTERIAN-REFORMED  CHURCHES 

Masao  Hirata 

The  Refonied  Church  in  Japan  (Nippon  Kirisuto 
^atkakuha  Kyokai]  was  formed  by  a  few  former 
members  of  the  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan,  who 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  129 

held  to  a  Reformation-Reformed  faith  systematized 
by  John  Calvin.  Because  of  the  pressure  of  the  times 
this  group  was  a  part  of  the  United  Church  of  Christ 
in  Japan,  but  at  the  end  of  the  World  War  II  when 
freedom  of  faith  was  declared  it  became  an  indepen 
dent  church.  On  April  28,  1964,  nine  ministers  and 
three  elders  became  the  charter  members  of  this  new 
church.  It  was  established  in  order  to  build  a  sound 
Protestant  church  in  Japan  where  people  can  hold 
the  Confessions  of  the  Reformed  faith  and  realize  it's 
Church  life  and  government. 

The  church  holds  to  the  Westminster  Confessions 
of  Faith,  the  Westminster  Larger  Catechism  and  the 
Westminster  Shorter  Catechism  as  the  rule  of  faith 
and  life. 

This  church  cooperates  with  the  Presbyterian  Church 
U.S.,  the  Christian  Reformed  Church  in  the  U.S.A. 
and  the  Orthodox  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  U.S.A. 
She  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Ecumenical  Synod. 
When  it  met  in  Grand  Rapids  Michigan  U.S.A.  in 
1963,  this  church  sent  a  delegate  to  the  meeting. 

Many  scholars  of  this  church  are  now  collaborating 
on  a  translation  of  the  Bible  into  Japanese  which 
will  be  called  "The  New  Japanese  Bible". 

A  committee  has  been  formed  to  investigate  Shin- 
toism  and  make  a  protest  against  the  jeopardizing  of 
the  freedom  of  faith.  It  is  feared  that  Shinto  is 
again  moving  toward  establishing  itself  as  a  state 
religion. 

The  Japan  Christian  Presbyterian  Church  (Nippon 
Kirisuto  Choro  Kyokai)  was  organized  on  December 
9,  1956  with  three  congregations.  At  the  present 
time  there  are  eight  congregations,  with  eight  ordained 
ministers  and  one  worker. 

The    Church    holds    to  the  Westminster  Confession 


130  THE  CHURCH 

of  Faith  and  the  Westminster  Larger  and  Shorter 
Catechism.  It  takes  the  presbyterian  form  of  govern 
ment  and  holds  to  the  principle  of  self  support. 
It's  theological  position  is  represented  by  orthodox 
theology. 

The  Presbyterian  and  Reformed  Church  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyokai}  has  had  a  long  and  color 
ful  history.  Among  the  first  missionaries  to  come  to 
Japan  were  the  following  famous  men  who  were  the 
forerunners  of  this  church  :  James  Hepburn,  Samuel 
Brown,  D.B.  Simmons,  Guido  Verbeck,  James  Ballagh 
and  David  Thompson. 

Under  the  leadership  and  influence  of  Hepburn 
and  Ballagh  newly  converted  Japanese  established  in 
Yokohama  the  first  Protestant  Church  in  Japan  in 
1872.  It  is  known  today  as  the  Nippon  Kirisuto 
Yokohama  Kaigan  Kyokai.  This  was  the  first  church 
in  Japan  to  hold  the  presbyterian  order. 

This  church  made  rapid  progress  in  its  early  life. 
At  the  synod  meeting  in  1890  it  enacted  its  own 
Confession  of  Faith.  It  contains  a  statement  of 
traditional  reformed  doctrines  with  the  addition  of  the 
Apostles  Creed. 

During  World  War  II  under  the  pressure  of  the 
totalitarian  military  government  all  of  the  protestant 
denominations  were  united.  At  the  end  of  the  war 
the  totalitarian  religious  regulations  were  abolished 
and  religious  freedom  was  declared.  In  1951  thirty- 
nine  congregations  withdrew  from  the  United  Church 
and  established  the  new  Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyokai. 

At  present  there  are  108  congregations  and  115 
ministers.  In  1953  a  new  Confession  of  Faith  was 
adopted  with  some  enlargement  and  modification  of 
the  previous  Confession. 

In    1955    it    was    decided    to    unite    two  seminaries 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  131 

into  one.  At  present  the  Seminary  is  located  in 
Tokyo.  It  offers  a  six-year  course  for  high-school 
graduates  or  a  four-year  course  for  college  graduates. 

The  Church  was  affiliated  in  1959  with  the  World 
Presbyterian  Alliance.  A  delegate  was  sent  to  the 
General  Council  held  in  Sao  Saulo,  Brazil  in  that 
year.  Several  delegates  will  be  sent  to  the  next 
General  Council  to  be  held  in  Frankfurt,  Germany 
in  1964. 

A  new  Evangelism  Bureau  has  been  established 
within  the  church  in  order  to  develop  a  stronger 
evangelistic  program.  Four  new  preaching  stations 
have  been  begun. 

A  National  Laymen's  Meeting  was  held  in  Osaka 
in  April  of  1964.  The  theme  of  the  meeting  was 
"The  Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyokai  Marches  Onward  ", 
with  the  sub-theme  of  "Pray,  Dedicate,  Serve". 
Over  1,000  persons  who  attended  this  meeting  were 
filled  with  the  Holy  Spirit,  and  dedicated  themselves 
for  the  cause  of  the  Lord. 

Since  World  War  II,  the  church  has  been  busy  laying 
its  foundation.  It  has  been  occupied  with  its  Confession 
of  Faith,  with  the  building  of  a  Theological  Seminary, 
with  the  forming  of  two  catechisms.  Now  that  the 
foundation  is  laid  the  time  has  come  to  turn  the 
strength  of  the  church  toward  aggressive  evangelism. 


THE  SALVATION  ARMY 

Theodore  Morris 

The  Salvation    Army    was   established    in    Japan    in 
1895   by   an   energetic  group  of  pioneer  Officers  from 


132  THE  CHURCH 


England.       Great    difficulties    were    encountered     but 
despite  these  a  vigorous  and  growing  Army  was  soon 
established.      Several    Japanese    of    outstanding    capa 
bilities  were  attracted  to  the  Army,  among  which  was 
Commissioner   Gunpei    Yamamuro,    a    brilliant   author 
and  evangelist.     His  book,    "  The   Common    People's 
Gospel    '    has   sold    over    half   a   million  copies  and  is 
still    in    circulation.      Immediately    after    the    Second 
World    War,    Commissioner    Charles    Davidson,    who 
previously  had  served  some  years  in  Japan,   was   sent 
back    to   reestablish    the    Salvation    Army   and  he  has 
remained  the  National  leader  up  to  the  present  time. 
The  Salvation  Army  in  Japan  has  work   in  all   the 
slands   of   Japan,    maintaining    63    Corps    (Churches) 
ith  53  outposts  (preaching  stations) .     There  are  253 
)fficers    (ordained    Ministers)      carrying    on    this  pro 
gram    with    many    more    lay    leaders    and    volunteer 
Also  as  part  of  the  overall  operation  of  the 
rmy,    nineteen   social    institutions   are    constantly    in 
operation    providing    sustaining    assistance    in    various 
in  Social  Work.     These  include  T.  B.  Sanatoria, 
iildren's  Homes,   (4)    (approximately  175  child- 
trom  age  three  to   sixteen)  ;  Day  Nurseries,    (5)  ; 
.for  workingmen   (2)  ;  and  ladies,  (2)  ;  Rescue 
Mnes  for  young  ladies  in  difficulty,  (3)  ;  and  a  Student 
(  for  young  College  Students.     This  Hostel   has 
been   enlarged    and    is    providing  a  Christian 
orne  for  Young  ladies  in  all  four  years   of    College 
Army  also  has  a  Summer  Camp  near  the  seaside 
the  Summer  months    by    these    Institutions 
as    the    young    people    of    the  various  Corps, 
dmg  an  opportunity  for  fun  and  relaxation  in  the 
great  out-of-doors. 

The  Salvation  Army  has  been  able  to  add  two  m 
dings  to  our  existing  facilities.     An  imposing  si 


new 
six- 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  133 

story  ferro-concrete  building  has  been  erected  in  the 
Ichigaya  area  which  is  being  used  as  an  Evangeline 
Residence,  providing  housing  for  about  80  working 
young  ladies.  This  building  also  includes  a  modern 
auditorium  seating  approximately  four  hundred  people 
and  has  been  filled  on  various  occasions  when  the 
Tokyo  Corps  have  met  for  united  gatherings.  Also 
recently  erected  is  a  four-story  structure  which  in 
corporates  all  the  necessary  facilities  for  the  Training 
of  future  Salvation  Army  Officers  for  the  Japan 
Territory.  The  Salvation  Army  trains  all  its  own 
Officers  in  a  two  year  intensive  course  of  instruction 
including  academic  and  practical  courses  of  study. 
This  building  contains  classrooms,  a  Lecture  Hall 
(Chapel) ,  and  office  space  for  staff  members  together 
with  dining  room  and  sleeping  accommodations  for 
the  "Cadets"  in  Training.  There  are  at  present 
twenty  Cadets  in  the  two  year  Training  Sessions, 
including  a  young  Medical  Doctor  and  his  wife. 

Special  Campaigns  have  been  conducted  in  the 
Kyushu  and  Kansai  areas  as  well  as  various  short 
campaigns  in  all  parts  of  Japan.  The  Cadets  from 
the  Training  School  usually  assist  in  these  endeavors 
with  Commissioner  Davidson,  The  Training  Principal, 
or  Colonel  Hasegawa,  the  Chief  Secretary  for  Japan 
doing  the  speaking.  The  Salvation  Army  is  still  very 
active  in  the  Open  Air  Meeting  (a  meeting  on  the 
street  corner)  with  many  outsiders  attracted  to  the 
Inside  Services.  The  use  of  brass  instruments  together 
with  the  tambourine  and  vocal  music  are  of  great 
attraction  to  the  meetings  where  the  gospel  is  presented. 
Many  are  found  confessing  their  sin  at  the  conclusion 
of  such  meetings. 

The  Salvation  Army  is  always  ready  to  assist  in 
time  of  disaster,  either  personal  or  natural.  Daily 


134  THE  CHURCH 

emergency    relief   is   administered    from    Headquarters 
and  through  the  various  Corps   centers   as    necessary. 
In  times  of  natural  disaster  such  as  the  train  accident 
at  Tsurumi  or  the  mine  disasters  in  Kyushu,  the  Army 
organizes   its   personnel   and  makes  every  effort  to  be 
of  both  material  and  spiritual  assistance  to  the  victims 
of  such  disaster.    During  the  winter  months,  especially, 
many  people  are  fed  on  the  streets  of  the  larger  cities 
of   Japan,    this   work    made    possible   by  contributions 
in  the  familiar  Salvation  Army  Social    Kettles    placed 
in    various   spots    in   all    the    major   cities.      In  Tokyo 
)saka  temporary  structures  are  used  to  house  and 
eed    men    coming    to    the    city    in    search    of    work. 
Special  religious  services  are  conducted  nightly  in  these 
shelters  and  some  definite  decisions    have    been    made 
through  this  contact.     During  Christmas  and 
r  Year  celebrations,  special  parties  are  held  for  the 
children,    and    the    lonely,    with    special    food 
;kages   and    bedding    provided    for    those    in    need 
welfare  work,  as  is  all  the  work  of  the  Salvation 
s  done  with  one    principal    purpose    in    mind 
acquaint   people  with  the  Lamb  of  God  that  takes 
away  the  sin  of  the  world. 


THE  HOLINESS  CHURCHES 

Aishin  Kida 

The  holiness  groups  in  this  country  present  a  wide 

•f  individual  characteristics  in  regard  to  church 

type  of  activities  engaged  in   and    even    major 

\  of   doctrinal    emphasis.      In    the    midst  of  this 

diversity,  the    one    linking    tie    has    been    a    common 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  135 

belief  in  the  Scriptural  doctrine  of  holiness  with  a 
predominantly  Wesleyan  connotation.  The  author  will 
attempt  to  suggest  some  of  the  work  which  is  being 
done  by  holiness  groups. 

The  leading  ministers  of  The  Christian  Brotherhood 
Church,  (Kirisuto  Kyodaidan)  were  formerly  affiliated 
with  Bishop  Juji  Nakada  in  the  former  Kiyome  Kyokai 
made  up  of  the  group  which  adhered  to  the  Bishop 
when  the  pre-war  Japan  Holiness  Church  was  divided 
into  two  main  bodies,  the  Nippon  Sei  Kyokai  and 
the  Kiyome  Kyokai.  The  so-called  Four-Fold  Gospel 
advocated  by  Bishop  Nakada  continues  to  be  em 
phasized.  The  four  main  points  are  regeneration, 
sanctification,  divine  healing  and  the  second  coming. 
Another  prominent  feature  is  intercessory  prayer  for 
the  hastening  of  the  Lord's  return,  for  a  widespread 
revival  in  Japan  in  order  that  the  nation  might  be 
come  an  instrument  to  carry  out  God's  divine  purposes, 
especially  for  the  accomplishment  of  the  third  subject 
of  intercessory  prayer,  that  is  the  restoration  of  God's 
Chosen  People  Israel. 

The  Holy  Christian  Unity  Church,  (Kirisuto  Sei- 
kyodan)  came  into  being  on  June  1958,  when  twenty- 
eight  churches  formally  decided  to  withdraw  from 
the  Christian  Brotherhood  Church.  Up  to  that  time 
the  two  groups  had  a  common  history,  and  still  con 
tinue  to  share  practically  the  same  doctrinal  position. 
The  present  leader  of  the  denomination  is  the  Rev. 
Hiromi  Yanaka.  Their  headquarters  office  is  located 
in  Chiba  City. 

The  Immanuel  General  Mission,  (Immanueru  Sogo 
Dendodan)  was  first  organized  in  October,  1945,  under 
the  leadership  of  the  Rev.  Tsugio  Tsutada,  formerly 
a  minister  in  the  Nippon  Sei  Kyokai.  Since  that  time 
he  has  held  the  office  of  Bishop  in  the  denomination 


136  THE  CHURCH 

and  is  also  concurrently  head  of  their  seminary.  From 
the  outset,  establishment  of  a  self -sustaining,  indi 
genous  church  has  been  uppermost  together  with  a 
major  emphasis  on  foreign  missions.  Another  item 
of  interest  is  that  since  1952  the  denomination  has 
had  a  fraternal  relationship  with  the  American 
Wesleyan  Mission  in  Japan,  and  since  1954  with  the 
World  Gospel  Mission.  Together  they  form  the  Im- 
manuel  Wesleyan  Federation. 

The  Japan  Church  of  Jesus  Christ,  (Nippon  lesu 
Kirisuto  Kyodan)  has  fallen  heir  to  work  which  dates 
back  to  1903  when  the  Rev.  B.  F.  Buxton  together 
with  others  organized  the  Japan  Evangelistic  Band. 
In  1935  the  resultant  churches  were  consolidated  into 
an  organization  called  the  Nippon  lesu  Kirisuto  Kyokai 
which  later  formed  a  component  part  of  the  United 
Church  of  Christ  in  Japan.  In  1951  the  denomina 
tion  was  reorganized  forming  the  present  Nippon  lesu 
Kirisuto  Kyodan.  The  denomination  continues  to 
maintain  close  fraternal  relationship  with  the  Japan 
Evangelistic  Band  which  also  carries  on  pioneer  evan 
gelistic  activities  on  its  own.  The  spiritual  legacy  of 
the  Rev.  Barclay  Buxton  is  still  prominent  in  both 
groups. 

Missionary  work  of  The  Japan  Church  of  the 
Nazarene,  (Nippon  Nazaren  Kyodan)  dates  back 
more  than  half  a  century,  since  it  was  in  1908 
that  work  was  actually  started  by  two  missionaries 
from  the  Un,ted  States.  Following  the  war,  a  fresh 
start  was  made  in  1946  when  the  work  was  reorganized 
under  the  leadership  of  Dr.  W.A.  Eckel.  Since  his 
retirement  from  the  Superintendence  in  1961,  the 
office  has  been  occupied  by  the  Rev.  Aishin  Kida.  Doc- 
trinally,  the  denomination  is  committed  to  the  Bible 
teaching  on  entire  sanctification. 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  137 

The  Japan  Free  Methodist  Church,  (Nippon  Jiyu 
Mesojisuto  Kyodan)  has  a  history  dating  back  to  1895 
when  it  was  founded  by  Teikichi  Kawabe.  At  the 
present  time  most  of  its  work  is  in  the  Kansai  area. 
It  has  only  one  church  in  Tokyo.  The  past  year  a 
new  preaching  place  was  opened  in  Amagasaki  in  the 
Kansai  area.  The  present  Superintendent  is  Takesaburo 
Uzaki. 

The  work  of  The  Japan  Holiness  Church,  (Nippon 
Horinesu  Kyodan)  is  affiliated  with  the  Oriental  Mis 
sionary  Society.  Its  churches  extend  from  Hokkaido 
to  Okinawa,  however  Okinawa  is  looked  upon  as  over 
seas  work.  This  past  year  has  seen  a  move  of  this 
group's  headquarters  and  seminary  buildings  into  much 
larger  quarters,  The  new  school  dormitory  will  hold 
up  to  one  hundred  students,  however  the  present 
enrollment  stands  at  forty-seven.  Dr.  Paul  T.  Petticord, 
Chairman  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Oriental 
Missionary  Society  was  present  for  the  dedication  of 
the  new  quarters. 

Other  churches  doing  work  in  Japan  are  The  Japan 
Gospel  Church,  (Nippon  Fukuin  Kyodan),  and  the 
Oriental  Missionary  Society  Holiness  Church  (Toyo 
Senkyokai  Horinesu  Kyodan). 


THE  CHURCH 

THE  UNITED  CHURCH  OF  CHRIST  IN  JAPAN 
(NIHON  KIRISUTO  KYODAN) 

Ryozo  Hara 

The  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan*  is  a  united  church. 
It  came  into  being  not  for  the  sake  of  any  unique 
doctrines  or  because  of  any  outstanding  leader  but 
for  the  sake  of  Christian  unity.  In  order  to  arrive 
at  a  common  understanding  of  the  way  this  unity 
was  achieved,  and  of  the  reasons  for  unification,  the 
the  present  writer  would  like  to  begin  with  the  follow 
ing  brief  statement  on  -The  Development  of  the 
United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan."**  This  statement 
i  a  whole  may  be  taken  as  one  source  for  an  under 
standing  of  the  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan. 

Protestant  Christianity  in  our    country    originated 

mission    of   foreign  missionaries  who  came  to 

m  the  sixth  year  of  the  Ansei  era  (1859).     In 

Mi  year  of  the  Meiji  era   (1872),  on  the  second 

day         the    second    month     (old    calendar),    the  first 

stant   church,    the    Nihon    Kirisuto    Kokai,    was 

This    church    belonged    to    none  of  the 

immations  found  in  foreign  countries  but  was    as 

supra-denominational  church.     Subsequently 

ever,    denominations    from    Europe    and    America 


of 

throughout  this  article 

officially   approved    by   the    United 
Yr      Un<1  in  the  United  Church'» 

P;nT;en'Rules  and  Regula- 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  139 

were  transplanted  to  Japan,  and  as  their  mission  work 
expanded,  the  number  of  denominations  in  Japan 
likewise  suddenly  increased.  From  a  different  angle 
at  about  the  same  time,  proposals  for  union  arose 
frequently  among  the  several  denominations,  partly 
stimulated  from  abroad  by  the  ecumenical  movement. 
Finally  the  opportunity  arose,  externally  occasioned 
by  the  promulgation  of  the  Religious  Organization 
Law,  for  all  the  Protestant  churches  of  the  country 
to  unite,  and  in  the  fifteenth  year  of  the  Showa  era 
(1940),  on  October  17,  at  a  mass  meeting  of  Christian 
laymen  from  all  Japan,  a  declaration  of  church  unity 
was  made.  Acting  on  the  basis  of  this  declaration, 
the  churches  of  more  than  thirty  Protestant  denomi 
nations  achieved  unity  the  following  year,  in  accordance 
with  the  following  summary  of  the  statement  that 
came  out  of  the  Founding  Assembly  at  which  the 
Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan  came  into  existence,  held  at 
Fujimi-cho  Church  on  June  24-25,  1941  : 

The  triune  God,  Father,  Son,  and  Holy  Spirit, 
revealed  in  Jesus  Christ  and  attested  in  the  Holy 
Scriptures,  because  of  the  sins  of  the  world  and 
for  its  salvation,  was  pleased  to  become  a  human 
being,  to  die,  and  to  rise  again,  and  to  grant 
forgiveness  of  sins,  justification,  sanctification,  and 
eternal  life  to  all  who  believe  in  atonement  through 
the  Son. 

The  Church,  as  the  body  of  Christ,  is  the  place 
where  those  who  have  been  called  by  God's  grace 
hold  services  of  worship,  proclaim  the  Gospel, 
observe  the  Sacraments,  and  expectantly  await 
the  return  of  the  Lord. 

.Later,  in  conjunction  with   the    annullment    of    the 


HO  THF.  CHURCH 


Religious  Organizations  Law,  the  proposal  was  made 
that  the  United  Church's  organization  be  revised. 
In  the  twenty-first  year  of  the  Showa  era,  on  October 
16  (1946),  the  Constitution  of  the  Nihon  Kirisuto 
Kyodan  was  enacted,  making  it  evident  that  this  body, 
of  its  own  volition,  was  indeed  a  united  church. 

Moreover,  at  the  time  the  Constitution  was  revised 
on  October  28,  1948,  it  was  decided  that  the  United 
Church  would  confess  its  faith  in  the  words  of  the 
Apostles'  Creed.  Finally,  on  October  26,  1954,  there 
was  enacted  'the  United  Church's  own  Confession  of 
Thus,  through  a  unity  given  in  the  Holy 
Spirit  under  the  wondrous  providence  of  God,  the 
Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan,  which  long  labored  for  the 
formation  of  a  stable  church,  here  firmly  established 
its  unification  as  a  united  church. 

This    is    the    heart    of    the    matter    as    to   how  the 
United  Church  was  born. 

Like    other    churches     of     the     world,     the     Nihon 
Kirisuto  Kyodan,  as  a  member  of  the  Body  of  Christ, 
believes  in  the  unity  of  the  Church  and,    shouldering 
.ch    burdens    as    need  to  be  taken  up  to  realize  this 
,   is  continuing  its    labors    on    behalf    of    Christian 
In  this  endeavor  there  is,   however,  one  thing 
that  distinguishes    the    Nihon    Kirisuto    Kyodan    from 
That    is   the  radicalness  of  the  path 
hosen.     Instead  of  inviting  cooperation  in  bits 
)f  denominations  that  retain  their  traditional 
intact,   its   members    have    first    cast    them- 
*    denominations,    into  one  body  and  there— 
rontations  and  sometimes  in  collisions  with  the 
and    practices    of  other  traditions-are  seeking 
toward    unity.      Accordingly,    the    Nihon 
yodan,    like    Abraham    who    set   forth  not 
"here  he  was  to  go,  is  an  adventurous  body, 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  141 

for  without  clearly  perceiving  what  path  toward  unity 
it  should  tread,  it  has  simply  set  out  believing  in 
Christian  unity.  Exposed  to  the  danger  of  fragmen 
tation,  and  having  bade  farewell  with  a  sorrowful  heart 
to  those  who  chose  to  depart,  it  continues  to  walk  in 
this  faith  even  to  the  present  day.  For  that  very  reason 
the  problem  of  Christian  unity  is,  for  the  Nihon 
Kirisuto  Kyodan,  a  most  serious  and  realistic  problem 
indeed. 

At  the  1954  United  Church  General  Assembly, 
this  church  adopted,  as  was  mentioned  above,  its  own 
Confession  of  Faith.  At  that  time  some  people  raised 
objection,  charging  that  the  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan 
was  changing  into  a  "creedal  church."  Only  on  the 
understanding  that  this  confession  was  not  a  binding 
one,  could  it  be  passed.  Neither  organizationally  nor 
substantially  was  the  faith  of  the  local  church  to  be 
decided  upon  from  without.  This  principle  holds 
true  not  only  for  the  Confession  of  Faith  but  for 
church  administration  as  well.  It  has  become  evident 
that  when  churches  of  varying  traditions  gather  into 
a  single  body,  what  results,  as  a  matter  of  historical 
necessity,  is  not  a  pure  and  pristine  union  but  the 
strengthening  of  the  autonomy  of  the  local  church. 

To  such  a  degree  has  this  strengthening  of  the 
authority  of  the  local  church  taken  place  that  now 
the  problem  of  "inefficiency"  has  arisen.  At  the 
present  time  this  matter  of  solving  the  problem  of 
inefficiency  is  one  of  the  most  seriously  discussed 
problems  in  the  United  Church.  Like  a  refrain  one 
hears  that  the  United  Church  must  become  "a  church 
with  life-blood  coursing  through  her  veins"  (chi  no 
kayou  kyodan}.  The  United  Church  stands  today  at 
a  crossroads,  seeking  to  determine  which  path  it  should 
take.  The  fact  remains,  however,  that  the  "in- 


142  THE  CHURCH 

efficiency"  at  issue  here  by  no  means  implies  a  con 
tradiction  between  the  work  of  the  local  church  and 
the  work  of  the  United  Church  as  a  whole.  It  stands, 
rather,  as  an  expression  of  the  pain  of  this  transition 
period  through  which  the  United  Church  is  passing 
for  the  sake  of  attaining  organic  unification. 

More  than  twenty  years  have  passed  since  the 
founding  of  the  United  Church.  The  period  of  birth 
and  infancy  is  over.  We  can  now  see  the  signs 
which  indicate  that  the  United  Church  has  entered 
the  second  stage  of  her  pilgrimage  toward  unity,  for 
now  such  a  feeling  of  mutual  trust  and  reliance  has 
grown  up  between  those  members  of  differing  tradi 
tions  who  have  come  together  in  this  church  that  they 
can  even  consider  revising  their  conception  of  the 
United  Church  itself. 

Behind  the  attitude  of  inclining  one's  ear,  of  open 
ing  one's  heart  to  another,  lies  a  spirit  of  vigilance 
that  will  not  permit  indiscriminate  compromise.  This 

simply  a  matter  of  being  honest  with  the  Bible. 
Without  this,  there  can  be  no  dialogue  that  will  lead 
toward  genuine  unity,  no  opening  of  the  way  toward 
the  new  creation.  The  fact  that  this  attitude  of 
vigilance  for  the  truth  and  this  attitude  of  openness 
toward  others  have  grown  up,  as  a  necessary  result, 
from  the  formation  of  one  body  by  churches  of  many 
traditions  holds  great  promise  for  the  United  Church 
as  it  moves  out  into  the  future. 

The  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan  is  presently  in  process 

formation.     Before  it  lies  the    task    of    developing, 

through    the    encounter    of    many    traditions,    a    new 

This  new  church  will  not  be  the  least  com- 

n  denominator  among  all  these  traditions,  nor  will 

represent  an  intensive  cultivation  of  what    may    be 

deemed    the   strong   points  of  each  denomination.     It 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  143 

will,  rather,  emerge  in  consequence  of  a  search,  by 
those  many  traditions  that  have  joined  together  in 
the  United  Church,  for  solutions  to  the  many  re 
alistic  problems  that  have  arisen.  The  denominational 
traditions  do  indeed  serve  as  a  background  to  the 
discussions  that  are  being  carried  on,  but  they  alone 
do  not  suffice  to  point  the  new  road  ahead.  It  is 
this  new  road  for  which  the  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan 
is  searching.  This  road  will  doubtless  be  steep  and 
rough,  but  it  is  our  hope  that  following  it  will  make 
it  possible  to  discover  the  unity  of  the  church.  As 
yet,  however,  we  know  not  what  response  will  be 
granted  to  our  hope.  We  are  awaiting  the  travail  of 
the  new  creation.  Ridding  ourselves  of  exclusive, 
self-complacent,  short-tempered  attitudes  and  without 
being  shackled  by  the  great  heritages  of  the  past,  we 
wish,  with  a  pioneer  spirit,  to  carry  on  an  unremit 
ting  search  for  new  fields  and  to  see  for  ourselves 
the  result  of  our  labors.  Though  we  of  the  Nihon 
Kirisuto  Kyodan  have  only  a  short  and  simple  history 
to  our  name,  before  us  lies  the  vision  of  grappling 
with  these  developments  that  are  leading  us,  filled 
with  that  perseverance  and  catholicity  that  are  assured 
to  us  by  the  Spirit,  to  the  formation  of  a  new  United 
Church. 

Out  of  such  a  vision  came  the  United  Church's 
"  Fundamental  Policy  on  the  Mission  of  the  Church," 
developed  in  the  light  of  an  analysis  of  the  church 
as  it  presently  exists,  and  issued  in  October  1961 
(Showa  36) .  This  statement,  though  leaving  unsolved 
a  number  of  problems  as  to  its  content,  is  highly 
significant  in  that  it  points  a  direction  for  the  United 
Church  to  follow,  at  this  new  stage,  as  it  seeks  re 
formation.  This  statement  points  up  a  way  for  the 
solution  of  the  problem  of  "  inefficiency,"  and  it  has 


144  THE  CHURCH 

stimulated  an  earnest  debate,  which  continues  to  the 
present  as  to  what  it  means  for  the  Nihon  Kinsuto 
Kyodan,  as  a  church,  to  seek  structural  renewal. 
Moreover,  it  specifies  the  following  problem  areas, 
each  of  which  has  been  entrusted  to  a  committee  and 
is  currently  eliciting  vigorous  and  searching  discussion  : 

(1)  The  self-renewal  of  the  church   (the  church's 
awareness  of  being  in  the  world) 

(2)  A  re-examination  of  the  organization  for  evan 
gelism   (a  second  look  at  evangelistic  policy) 

(3)  The  one  billion  yen    fund     (reorganization    of 
the  United  Church's  financial  structure) 

(4)  Inquiry  into  the  matter  of  ecumenical  coopera 
tion    (cooperation    with    the    churches    of    the 
world) 

(5)  Research    into    the    structure    of    the    United 
Church   (in    connection    with    the    problem  of 
inefficiency,  a  re-examination  of  the  committee 
structure  and  administration) 

THE  ADVENTIST  CHURCHES 

W.T.  Clark 

Unlike  some  other  denominations,  there  are  relative 
ly  few  Adventist  bodies.  Aside  from  the  Seventh-day 
Adventist  church,  the  largest  is  the  Advent  Christian 
Church.  Since  no  information  on  their  work  outside 
of  North  America  is  at  hand,  space  here  will  be  devoted 
entirely  to  the  largest  of  the  Adventist  bodies,  the  Se 
venth-day  Adventist  church.  At  the  end  of  1962  world 
membership  (baptized  members)  stood  at  1,362,775 
with  74%  outside  of  North  America.  Although  the 
first  S.D.A.  missionary  came  to  Japan  in  1896,  the 
growth  of  the  church  in  this  country  has  been  slow. 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  145 

By  1941  membership  reached  1,000,  a  figure  almost 
halved  by  the  end  of  the  war.  In  the  past  18  years, 
however,  the  pace  has  quickened  and  membership  at 
the  end  of  1963  was  4,849. 

The  S.D.A.  church  believes  in  evangelism,  with 
every  department  and  segment  organized  to  this  end. 
To  further  this  program,  in  addition  to  the  public 
evangelistic  program  of  each  local  church,  certain 
other  specialized  lines  of  endeavor  have  been  develop 
ed.  These  include  educational  work,  with  schools 
from  kindergarten  through  college  developing  and 
training  Christian  youth.  From  these  schools  came 
more  than  15%  of  the  430  people  baptized  in  1963. 
The  medical  and  health  educational  program,  built 
around  Tokyo-Sanitarium  Hospital  and  Harajuku  Clinic 
in  Tokyo,  and  the  Adventist  Medical  Center  in  Oki 
nawa,  endeavors  to  demonstrate  the  power  of  Christian 
love,  and  illustrate  the  value  of  healthful  Christian 
living. 

The  distribution  of  Christian  literature  in  1963  reach 
ed  a  new  level  with  total  sales  of  over  ¥70,000,000, 
excluding  free  literature  given  away.  This  program 
has  proved  extremely  helpful  in  circulating  Christian 
literature  widely,  and  has  resulted  in  many  contacts 
leading  to  conversions.  It  is  also  a  useful  corollary 
to  the  radio  programs  of  the  Voice  of  Prophecy,  now 
broadcast  over  20  stations  and  sub-stations,  and  reach 
ing  a  potential  audience  of  over  31,000,000  people 
throughout  Japan. 

The  organization  and  operation  of  the  Seventh-day 
Adventist  Church  in  Japan  differs  from  other  denomi 
nations  in  certain  respects.  Representative  in  form  of 
government,  the  church  is  directly  connected  to  the 
world  body,  and  receives  considerable  financial  support 
from  the  world  body.  Overall  direction  and  respon- 


146  THE  CHURCH 

sibility  for  the  church  program  is  in  the  hands  of  an 
executive  committee  of  23  members,  over  half  of 
them  national  workers  of  experience.  However,  con 
siderable  autonomy  remains  in  the  local  conference 
or  mission  area  (Japan  is  now  divided  into  three 
such  areas  for  administrative  purposes)  and  is  in  turn 
directed  by  a  local  executive  committee  composed 
almost  exclusively  of  national  leadership.  There  is 
close  harmony  and  cooperation  between  these  local 
committees  and  the  parent  committee  with  head 
quarters  in  Tokyo. 

In  order  to  strengthen  the  church  in  Japan,  greater 
stress  is  being  laid  upon  the  training  and  development 
of  a  consecrated  and  active  laity,  directed  by  dedicated 
and  wide-awake  national  leadership.  History  has 
emphasized  that  strength  of  the  church  resides  in 
fully  converted  men  and  women,  rather  than  structures 
of  wood  and  stone. 

While  the  church  continues  to  feel  an  integral  part 
of  the  world  church,  it  is  also  developing  into  a  strong 
self-supporting  body  less  dependent  upon  overseas 
financial  aid.  In  1963  the  church  received  from  abroad 
for  operating  purposes  over  30,000,000  yen,  plus  ad 
ditional  funds  for  capital  expenditures.  At  the  same 
time  over  50,000,000.  yen  was  contributed  by  the 
membership  in  Japan  in  tithes  and  offerings  for  the 
support  of  the  indigenous  work,  while  more  than 
¥15,000,000  was  sent  to  the  world  body  as  Japan's 
contribution  toward  support  of  the  world  church. 


THE  UNION  CHURCHES 

Howard  Haines 
For  over   a    century — ever   since    Townsend    Harris 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  147 

Conducted  Protestant  services  in  the  1850s — Christians 
from  overseas  have  played  an  important  role  as  part 
of  the  Christian  community  in  Japan. 

The  English-language  Union  Churches  of  Tokyo 
and  Kobe  were  the  very  first  Christian  churches  of 
any  kind  in  their  respective  communities.  Both  erected 
church  buildings  in  1872,  and  their  present  buildings 
in  1928-30.  Both  of  these  buildings  were  substantially 
destroyed  in  1945,  and  rebuilt  in  the  1950s.  Both 
began  with  congregations  composed  largely  of  mis 
sionaries  and  for  that  reason  centered  their  Sunday 
worship  in  the  afternoons ;  more  recently,  with  the 
expansion  of  the  foreign  population,  they  have  rapidly 
developed  morning  services  as  well.  Both  churches 
are  completely  self-governing  and  self-supporting, 
maintaining  property,  program,  and  pastor  by  contri 
butions  of  their  members ;  and  both  now  contribute 
substantially  to  Christian  service  and  outreach  in  Japan, 
as  well  as  stirring  the  faith  and  Christian  practice  of 
their  members. 

German-speaking  congregations  developed  in  close 
fellowship  with  these  English. speaking  churches.  In 
Kobe,  the  two  congregations  still  use  the  same  build 
ing  and  have  a  combined  Board  of  Trustees.  During 
the  war  the  German  pastor  conducted  services  in  both 
languages  and  served  both  Kobe  congregations.  In 
Tokyo,  a  German  congregation  met  in  the  building 
of  the  English-language  church  as  early  as  1885. 
They  subsequently  lost  one  church  building  in  the 
1923  earthquake  and  another  by  bombing  in  1945. 
The  present  Tokyo  "  Kreuzkirche  "  (Cross  Church) 
near  Gotanda  was  erected  in  1959,  drawing  imagi 
natively  upon  Japanese  architecture.  A  pipe  organ 
was  installed  in  1961. 

Dr.  Charles  Iglehart  tells  us  that  at  one  time  there 


148  'THE  CHURCH 

were  as  many  as  thirty  Union  Churches  in  Japan. 
Some  of  these  have  disappeared,  like  the  Yokohama 
Union  Church  which  has  not  functioned  since  the 
war,  primarily  because  the  Yokohama  Chapel  Center 
.  S.  Navy  sponsored)  seemed  adequately  to  serve 
the  religious  needs  of  the  English-speaking  Protestants 
of  that  area. 

Additional  Union  Churches  have  come  into  being 
in  Japan,  as  well  as  a  number  of  denominational 
foreign-language  churches.  The  Nagoya  Union  Church, 
for  instance,  was  founded  in  1952,  and  now  holds 
services  regularly  every  Sunday  at  4  p.  m.  in  the 
centrally  located  Nagoya  Chuo  Kyokai. 

y  the  beginning  of  1964,  the  membership  of  Tokyo 
Union  Church  had  grown  to  458,  even  though  about 
one-third  of  the  congregation  leaves  Tokyo  each  year 
and  must  be   replaced.      The    burgeoning   number   of 
smess  people  greatly  outnumbers  the  missionary  and 
diplomatic  personnel  who  formerly  had  been  the  large 
Three  services  each  Sunday  were  necessary, 
average  total  attendance  in  1963-64  of  about 
Sunday  School  enrollment  passed  300      In  1964 
approximalely  ¥3,000,000  was  contributed  for  Christian 
m  Japan,  including  a  series  of  Refresher  Courses 
Japanese   pastors    in  various  parts  of  the  country 
^ored    in    partnership    with    Tokyo    Union    Theo 
logical  Seminary. 

i  cooperation    with    the   Japan    National    Christian 

uncH,    Tokyo   Union  Church  will  serve  in  1964  as 

I    point   for   church    information    for   foreigners 

C 


memrf  th    f  - 

foreign  population  in  western  Tokyo,  the 

>   purchased   m   1963  a  plot  of  land  in  Mitaka, 
the  new  American  School  in  Japan    for  the  de 
velopment  of  a  second  Union  Church  in  Tokyo 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN!  149 

In  mid-1964  the  Rev.  Howard  B.  Haines  returned 
to  the  States  after  a  seven  year  pastorate  in  Tokyo, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  John  C.  Gingerich,  formerly 
of  the  North  Broadway  Methodist  Church  of  Columbus, 
Ohio.  Mr.  Michael  DeVore  continues  his  two-year 
term  as  the  church's  third  full-time  Assistant  Pastor. 

At  the  Kobe  Union  Church,  membership  stood  in 
1964  at  about  200,  with  Sunday  attendance  frequently 
exceeding  that  figure.  Missionaries  from  a  wide  range 
of  denominations  still  form  the  majority  of  the  mem 
bership,  but  the  number  of  business  people  has  been 
steadily  increasing.  The  church  carries  on  a  well- 
rounded  program  for  men,  women,  and  children,  as 
well  as  a  ministry  to  sailors  and  servicemen  and  to 
Japanese  students  and  young  people,  and  a  wide 
benevolence  program. 

In  1964  the  Rev.  Vernon  A.  Crawford  completed 
his  term  as  pastor.  A  call  was  issued  to  the  Rev. 
Maurice  Holt  (former  American  chaplain)  who  is 
expected  to  undertake  his  duties  as  pastor  of  the  Kobe 
church  in  early  spring,  1965. 

Leadership  in  the  German-language  churches  has 
for  the  past  ten  years  been  given  by  Pastor  Harald 
Oehler,  who  conducts  services  in  the  Tokyo  Kreuz- 
kirche,  and  also  monthly  at  Yokohama  (in  Christ 
Church)  and  at  Kobe  (at  the  Kobe  Union  Church). 
Sunday  Schools  as  well  as  a  number  of  study  and 
service  activities  are  conducted.  The  Tokyo- Yokohama 
membership  is  about  350  persons,  including  children ; 
the  Kobe-Osaka  congregation  is  of  about  half  this 
size. 

All  of  the  Union  Churches  lay  stress  on  both  their 
interdenominational  and  their  international  character. 
The  congregation  of  the  German  church  in  Tokyo 
includes  German,  Swiss,  Austrian  and  Dutch  Protes- 


150  THE  CHURCH 

tants  of  many  denominations,  and  the  members  of 
the  English-language  churches  come  from  as  many  as 
twenty  countries  in  the  Americas,  Europe,  Asia,  and 
Africa.  All  these  congregations  also  include  Japanese 
me  m  hers. 

Since  most  of  those  worshiping  at  these  churches  are 
daily  envolved  in  significant  relationships  with  Japan- 

ese as  businessmen,  missionaries,  educators,  and  in  a 

dozen  embassies— it  is  hard  to  exaggerate  the  impor 
tance  of  their  maintaining  solidly  Christian  faith,  life, 
and  attitudes.  It  is  to  the  development  of  this  vital 
Christian  witness,  as  well  as  ministry  to  their  personal 
and  family  needs,  that  the  Union  Churches  are  dedi 
cated  . 


THE  EASTERN  ORTHODOX  CHURCH 

Proclus  Ushimaru 

The  Eastern  Orthodox  Church  in  Japan  was  founded 
by  E.  R.  Nicholas  Kasatkin,  a  missionary  from  the 
Russian  Orthodox  Church  who  was  later  made  Arch 
bishop  Nicholas  of  Japan. 

This  Church  began  its  work  in  Japan  in  a  small 
chapel  in  the  Hakodate  Russian  Consulate  in  1861. 
In  1870,  a  church  office  was  established  in  Tokyo. 
It  has  served  as  the  church  administrative  headquarters 
since  that  time.  In  this  same  location  there  are  many 
other  church  buildings,  among  them  The  Resurrection 
Cathedral,  known  as  NICHOLAI-DO  by  the  Japanese 
public.  The  Cathedral  is  still  standing  and  is  an 
important  national  cultural  property. 

Its    construction    was    begun    in    1884    and    it    was 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  151 

completed  in  1891.  The  grounds  of  NICHOLAI-DO 
were  purchased  by  The  Church  in  early  1963.  Pay 
ment  for  this  purchase  of  Government  Property  will 
be  made  over  several  years  time.  For  the  Eastern 
Orthodox  Church  this  is  the  greatest  obstacle  to 
missionary  aid  from  The  Russian  Orthodox  Greek 
Catholic  Church  of  America,  an  "  auto-cephalious " 
church  known  as  "  Metropolia "  in  the  U.S.A. 

There  is  an  administrative  difference  in  the  degree 
of  independence  of  The  Eastern  Orthodox  Church. 
The  "auto-cephalious"  church  is  entirely  independent 
and  self-governing.  It  appoints  its  own  chief  bishop 
and  conducts  its  relations  with  other  churches  directly. 
On  the  other  hand,  "autonomous"  churches  are  also 
self  governing  and  manage  their  own  internal  affairs, 
but  the  appointment  of  their  chief  bishops  requires 
the  sanction  of  the  Mother  Church.  It  is  through  the 
Mother  Church  that  their  relations  with  other  churches 
are  carried  on.  The  Japanese  Church  belongs  to  the 
latter.  When  the  above-mentioned  economic  condition 
has  improved,  there  will  be  a  possibility  for  the 
Japanese  Church  to  be  become  an  **  auto-cephalious  " 
church. 

There  is  new  activity  calling  for  better  management 
of  the  Theological  Seminary  and  of  Sunday  Schools. 
The  former  which  has  been  closed  since  the  Russian 
Revolution  is  the  most  important  institution  for  mis 
sionary  work  in  The  Japanese  Church.  It  was  opened 
in  1957  and  is  progressing  along  favorable  lines.  A 
small  religious  tract  is  being  published  by  the  Ortho 
dox  Youth  Association  in  Tokyo  twice  a  year  and  is 
called  "A  Series  of  Orthodox  Church  Teachings"  writ 
ten  and  edited  by  the  author.  The  head  of  the  Church, 
Bishop  Vladimir,  has  been  traveling  to  all  of  the 
parishes  in  Japan  in  order  to  speak  to  them.  In  the 


152  THE  CHURCH 


interests  of  the  Ecumenical  movement  some  priests  of 
the  Japan  Orthodox  Church  have  been  attending 
Ecumenical  Study  Groups  throughout  Japan. 


THE  ROMAN  CATHOLIC  CHURCH 

A.W.  Bryson 

This  decade  of  the  nineteen  sixties  is  a  historic 
one  in  terms  of  the  Catholic  Church's  restoration  in 
Japan  after  centuries  of  persecution. 

1962  marked  two  centenaries — that  of  the  construc 
tion  of  the  first  post -restoration  Catholic  Church  on 
the  Bluff  in  Yokohama,  the  present  St.  Francis  Xavier 
Church  ;^  and  the  centenary  of  the  canonization  of 
the  26  Christian  martyrs  of  Nagasaki. 

Next  year,  1965,  will  mark  the  centenary  of  the 
finding  at  Nagasaki  of  the  descendants  of  the  persecut 
ed  Christians  of  the  17th  century. 

Any  survey  of  the    contemporary    Catholic    Church 

in  Japan  would  thereby  be  incomplete  without  a  brief 

look  at  its  historical  background  in  this  country 

The    history   of  the  Catholic  Church  in  Japan  falls 

illy    into    three    distinctive    periods:       (1)     The 

Christianity  with  the  coming  of  St.    Francis 

Xavier  in  1549,  culminating  in  the   great    persecution 

half   of   the  17th  century.      (2)    The  pe- 

l  from  the  return  of  Catholic  missionaries  to  Japan 

/T  n  ulf  °f  the  19th  Century  tiU  the   end    of 

Ihe    postwar   period    from    1945   till  the 

sent  day.      (1)   The  first  period  was  one    of    rapid 

'th  and  expansion.     Hundreds  of  thousands,  rang- 

g   from   peasant    to   daimyo,  embraced  the  Catholic 

1  hen  came  the  great  persecution,  when  many 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  153 

thousands  were  martyred  and  wrote  with  their  blood 
one  of  the  most  inspiring  pages  of  Christian  history. 
For  more  than  two  centuries  thereafter  Japan  was 
closed  to  the  West  and  Christian  influence. 

(2)  After  the  coming  of  Commodore  Perry  in   the 
middle  of  the    19th   ceutury,    Japan   opened    its   door 
once    more   to  the  West.     The  first  Catholic  mission 
aries,  who  came  soon  after,  were  amazed  to  find  that 
a    few    thousand    Christians    had    persevered    in    the 
Faith,  despite  recurring  persecution,  in  Urakami,  Na 
gasaki,  and  on  the  outlying  Goto   islands.     But   even 
with    this    nucleus    to    build    on,    the    growth    of    the 
Church    was    a   relatively  slow  one  up  till  the  end  of 
the  last  world  war.     In  the    beginning,    an    inherited 
distrust  of  Christianity  (aftermath  of  the  great  persecu 
tion)   was  largely  the  cause.     Understandably,  too,    a 
people  with  their  own  proud  traditions  of  race,    civi 
lization,  culture  and  religion,  shut  off  for  two  centuries 
from    any    contact    with    Western    civilization,    found 
Christianity  not  easy  of  acceptance. 

National  factors  of  a  social,  cultural  and  religious 
nature,  therefore,  militated  against  the  conversion  to 
Christianity  of  other  than  a  small  minority.  The 
Catholic  Church  during  all  this  period  was  work 
ing  zealously  in  the  religious,  educational  and  social 
welfare  fields,  and  had  achieved  its  own  Japanese- 
born  Hierarchy  between  1927  and  1940. 

(3)  The  brief  period  since   1945,    characterized    by 
improved  relations  and    increasing   understanding    be 
tween  Japan  and  the  Christian  countries,  has  been  one 
of   great   growth    for   Christianity   in  general  and  the 
Catholic  Church  in  particular. 

The  Constitution  guarantees  equality  and  freedom 
to  all  established  religions  and  creeds.  Enlightened 
legislation,  notably  "  The  Religious  Juridical  Persons' 


154  THE  CHURCH 

Act",  ''The  School  Corporations'  Act"  and  "  The 
Social' Welfare  Corporations'  Act",  have  created  con 
ditions  favorable  to  the  establishment,  development 
and  operation  of  religious,  educational  and  charitable 
institutions. 

It  is  a  tribute  to  the  understanding  and  tolerance 
of  the  Japanese  Government  and  people,  and  has  re 
sulted  in  a  greatly  expanded  program  of  educational 
and  social  welfare  works,  which  are  the  traditional 
fruits  of  Christianity. 

In  response  to  this  generous  attitude,  the  Catholic 
Church  has  drawn  heavily  on  its  spiritual  and  material 
resources,  in  its  ardent  desire  to  work  with  and  for 
the  people  of  Japan,  and  their  spiritual  and  social 
welfare. 

As  a  result,  in  the  past  nineteen  years  the  Catholic 
Church  in  Japan  has  trebled  its  membership ;  quadru 
pled  its  religious,  educational,  and  social  welfare  works 
and  organizations ;  and  increased  its  prestige  and 
Christian  influence  out  of  all  proportion  to  both.  For 
in  this  latter  regard,  it  must  be  remembered  that, 
spiritually  this  has  not  been  an  immediate  reward, 
but  rather  a  matter  of  the  slow  growth  of  the  Mustard 
Seed,  which,  watered  by  the  blood  of  martyrs,  is, 
after  lying  dormant  in  the  soil  of  centuries,  being 
blessed  by  God  with  fruit,  in  response  to  the  long 
patient  tilling  of  His  husbandmen.  Only  thus  are  the 
following  statistics  explainable. 

These  statistics  fall  naturally  into  four  categories : 
(A)  Religious;  (B)  Educational;  (C)  Social  Welfare  ; 
and  (D)  Social  Action. 

(A)     RELIGIOUS 

There  are    15  dioceses ;    879  churches   and    mission 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  155 

stations  ;  155  monasteries  and  405  convents.  Catholics 
number  just  on  320,000. 

The  Hierarchy  is  completely  Japanese,  consisting  of 
the  Cardinal-Archbishop  of  Tokyo,  the  Archbishop  of 
Nagasaki,  and  the  Bishops  of  Sapporo,  Sendai,  Niigata, 
Urawa,  Yokohama,  Nagoya,  Kyoto,  Osaka,  Hiroshima, 
Takamatsu,  Fukuoka,  Oita,  and  Kagoshima. 

Under  the  jurisdiction  and  direction  of  the  Japanese 
Bishops  are  1,745  priests  (522  Japanese  and  1,223 
foreigners),  429  Brothers  (250  Japanese  and  179  for 
eigners),  5,003  nuns  (3,886  Japanese  and  1,117  for 
eigners)  and  a  large  number  of  Japanese  catechists 
and  lay  helpers. 

The  vocation  rate  in  Japan  for  priests  and  Religious 
Societies  continues  to  be  very  high.  The  1963  statistics 
show  that  412  were  studying  for  the  diocesan  clergy, 
and  more  than  half  that  number  for  the  various 
Religious  Societies  of  Priests  ;  while  542  are  undergoing 
training  to  become  Brothers,  and  1,726  to  become 
Sisters. 

(B)  EDUCATIONAL 

There  are  the  following  educational  facilities :  Post 
Graduate — 3  ;  Universities — 10  ;  Junior  Colleges — 22  ; 
High  Schools— 106;  Middle  Schools— 96  ;  Primary 
Schools — 51  ;  Special  Schools — 23  ;  Kindergartens — 
460,  for  a  total  of  771. 

The  total  enrollment  is  as  follows  :  Schools — 124, 
946,  Kindergarten— 72,222,  for  a  total  of  197,168. 

(C)  SOCIAL  WELFARE 

The  Catholic  Church  has  the  following  social  wel 
fare  institutions  :  Hospitals  and  Dispensaries — 59  ; 


156  THE  CHURCH 

Orphanages— 40  ;  Baby  Homes— 8  ;  Nurseries— 44  ; 
Old  Folks'  Homes— 15;  Homes  for  Feeble-minded 
Children— 4;  Dormitories— 20  ;  Others— 54. 

The  Social  Welfare  Department,  which  is  a  part 
of  the  National  Catholic  Committee,  acts  in  a  liaison 
capacity  for  these  major  social  welfare  institutions 
and  activities.  The  total  number  of  major  social 
welfare  institutions  is  244. 

The  hospitals  and  dispensaries  provide,  3,430  beds 
for  patients ;  183  doctors  and  913  nurses  attend  their 
needs. 

There  are  5,291  children  in  the  orphanages;  1,500 
babies  in  the  baby  homes  ;  6,000  children  in  nurseries ; 
and  808  aged  in  old  folks'  homes.  Homes  for 
delinquent  girls  take  care  of  hundreds  more.  The 
St.  Vincent  de  Paul  Society  has  136  conferences 
throughout  Japan,  whose  1,376  members  devote  their 
activities  to  the  poor  and  unemployed.  The  Catholic 
Doctors'  Association,  with  a  membership  of  about 
650,  and  the  Catholic  Nurses'  Association,  with  a 
much  larger  membership,  give  valuable  services  to 
the  community. 

(D)     SOCIAL  ACTION 

In  the  field  of  Social  Action,   the    Catholic    Church 
;    active.        'The    Young    Christian    Workers" 
.  and  J.O.C.F.),  with  headquarters  in  Tokyo, 
s  over  800  militant  and    many    associate    members, 
*'ith  145  local  councils.     It  publishes    its    own    news 
paper    (circulation    12,000),    and  propagates  Christian 
cial    principles,    in    an    effort    to  rebut  communism, 
bring   about    better    employer-employee    relation- 
For    the    rest,    the    Catholic    Church    in  Japan 
2  employment  agencies,  9  students'  centers, 


CHURCH  IN  JAPAN  157 

12  press  and  publication  agencies,  7  Catholic  culture 
centers,  athletic  centers,  and  many  other  social  services. 
The  Catholic  Students'  Association,  with  over  2,500 
members,  is  active  on  the  campus  of  about  50  univer 
sities.  The  Catholic  Migration  Commission  is  busily 
engaged  helping  emigrants,  mainly  to  South  American 
countries. 

The  Church  also  actively  cooperates  with  the 
14  Community  Chest",  "Red  Cross",  and  other 
national  social  service  agencies. 

A  Catholic  Olympic  Committee  has  been  formed  to 
provide  religious  facilities  and  services  for  Catholic 
athletes  and  visitors  to  Tokyo  Olympic  Games  this 
year. 

At  a  diocesan  level,  the  Church's  administration, 
including  the  various  activities  outlined  above,  is 
under  the  direction  of  the  local  Bishop. 

At  a  national  level,  the  Apostolic  Internuncio,  the 
Holy  Father's  Minister  to  Japan,  maintains  liaison 
with  the  Japanese  Government  and  the  Vatican  on 
the  one  hand,  and  with  the  Japanese  Hierarchy  on 
the  other. 

The  National  Catholic  Committee  of  Japan  is  the 
Church's  central  office  for  national  affairs.  It  is 
composed  of  all  the  members  of  the  Hierarchy. 

It  has  five  departments  :  General  Affairs,  Education, 
Social  Welfare,  Lay  Apostolate  and  Public  Information. 
It  is  under  the  direction  of  an  Administrative  Board 
of  five  Bishops.  The  Office  of  the  Secretary  General 
is  its  service  agency. 

The  Catholic  Church  in  Japan  has  a  well  ordered 
administrative  machinery  capable  of  handling  its  pre 
sent  wide  spiritual,  educational,  and  social  welfare 
program,  which  can  readily  be  geared  to  meet  a 
greatly  expanded  program  in  the  future. 


158  THE  CHURCH 


This  has  made  for  internal  unity  and  harmony ; 
and  has  brought  about  smooth  and  happy  relationships 
with  the  Government,  other  religious  groups,  and  the 
community  generally.  The  Government  and  its 
officials  are  well  disposed  and  cooperative,  and  the 
Church  is  respected  at  every  level  of  national  life. 

In  the  educational  field  the  Church,  with  its  im 
posing  array  of  school  establishment,  ranging  from 
universities  and  colleges  right  down  to  kindergartens, 
speaks  with  an  authoritative  voice,  which  is  given 
courteous  hearing  in  educational  circles.  In  the  social 
welfare  field,  the  Church  is  very  active  and  is  well 
regarded  by  the  Welfare  Ministry. 

In  the  prevailing  atmosphere  of  ecumenism,  it  would 
seem  to  be  a  new  dawn  of  Christianity  in  the  "  Land 
of  the  Rising  Sun"  which  has  been  blessed  indeed 
by  the  Risen  Son  of  God".  Seen  in  true  historic 
perspective,  the  present  finds  its  meaning  in  the  past, 
and  its  complete  fulfilment  in  the  future. 


Ill    CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 


Robert  Fulop,  Edit. 

True  to  its  historical  heritage,  Christianity  in  Japan 
continues  to  make  its  influence  felt  in  the  realm  of 
education.  Church  school  education,  in  spite  of  set 
backs  during  the  last  several  years,  persists  to  thrive 
and  form  a  base  for  many  churches.  Theological 
education,  though  plagued  with  its  problems  of  pro 
liferation,  remains  the  source  for  the  churchs'  evan 
gelistic  and  pastoral  leadership.  Less  directly  related 
to  the  churches  are  the  many  schools  which  offer 
instruction  from  kindergarten  to  the  university  level 
in  the  context  of  vital  Christianity.  This  chapter  will 
deal  with  these  three  phases  of  Christian  education, 
attempting  to  cover  as  wide  an  area  of  Christian 
activity  as  possible. 


1.     CHURCH  SCHOOLS 

• 

Edwin  Fisch,  &  Yoshio  Kimura 

Present  day  Japan  is,  in  many  respects,  a  nation  of 
the  young ;  and  this  implication  is  fully  appreciated 
by  leaders  in  the  government.  They  have  given 
primary  importance  to  problems  of  the  education  of 
children  and  young  people,  to  guide  each  to  a  proper 
place  as  a  constructive  member  of  Japanese  society. 
With  this  emphasis  as  a  background,  what  place  does 
the  church  give  to  Christian  Education  in  its  overall 
program  ? 

That  the  church  recognizes  a  responsibility  is  evident 
from  the  emphasis  placed  upon  Christian  day  kinder- 


160  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 


gartens  where  there  is  a  unique  opportunity  to  early  in 
culcate  Christian  truth  in  the  child,  and  likewise  to 
gain  at  least  acceptance  with  the  parents  of  the  value  of 
Christian  instruction.  Most  churches  have  a  Sunday 
School,  and  there  is  a  growing  prominence  to  extra 
curricular  activity  and  Christian  camp  programs.  By 
and  large,  churches  are  actively  engaged  throughout 
the  week  with  many  activities  centering  in  the  church 
premises.  Much  of  this  is  however  of  an  informal 
nature ;  and  thus  in  terms  of  formal  class  training, 
how  does  the  church  emphasis  compare  with  that  of 
the  government  in  secular  education  ? 

Favorable  Factors 

There  are  many  favorable  factors  to  a    program    of 

Christian  education  in  Japan.     Church  membership  is 

nude  up  of  literate  Christians,  all  with  a  formal  school 

ground,  and  many  of  these  have  had  high  school 

fair  number  have  had  college  training.      It  can 

safely    stated    that    all  children  of  school  age 

-ble  to  read  graded  materials.  •  So  it  is  technically 

every  Christian  to  become  a  Sunday  School 

Cher,  and  it  is  possible  for  every  child  to  use  work- 

'    or    leaflets    and    to    look    up    references    in   the 

bible. 

This    has    made    possible    an    abundance  of  Sunday 
literature,  such  as  is  unknown  to  most  of   the 
non-Christian  countries  of  the  world. 

The  average  enrollment  for  a  Sunday  School  is  about 
In    many    respects  this  is  an  ideal  size 
Ms  large  enough  to  have    a    good    program,    yei 
gh    so    the    child    is    not  -lost"   in  the 
here    ,s    room    for    each    child   to  have  an 
•  and  opportunity  for  personal    recognition 


CHURCH  SCHOOLS  161 

Also,  the  average  church  membership  of  72  should 
be  adequate  both  to  finance  the  Sunday  School  and 
to  provide  its  teaching  staff. 

The  average  Sunday  School  has  five  teachers,  with 
a  fairly  high  absentee  rate  among  pupils,  giving  each 
teacher  an  average  of  seven  students  present  each 
Sunday.  This  pupil/teacher  ratio  is  considerably  better 
than  the  average  found  in  western  countries.  Thus 
the  teacher  has  no  more  students  than  she  can  easily 
teach,  pray  for,  follow  up,  and  guide  in  spiritual  birth 
and  growth. 

Sunday  School  work  has  been  a  part  of  the  church 
program  in  Japan  for  many  years,  and  is  considered 
to  be  a  definite  part  of  the  church  program. 

Disturbing  Trends 

Amid  such  ideal  teaching  situations,  the  alarming 
trend  is  towards  lessening  returns  in  terms  of  pupil 
attendance.  A  study  of  statistics  over  the  past  ten 
years  reveals  an  interesting  pattern.  The  total  number 
of  Sunday  Schools  in  operation  has  remained  fairly 
constant,  for  the  difference  between  the  highest  number 
and  the  lowest  number  does  not  exceed  15%  or 
averages  1.5%  per  year.  So  the  church  has  maintained 
its  regular  program  throughout  this  period. 

The  number  of  Sunday  School  teachers  has  been 
relatively  constant,  with  a  slight  decrease  of  6%  noted 
over  the  past  six  years,  a  minor  change  of  but  1% 
a  year.  So  the  churches  have  continued  to  challenge 
and  enlist  Sunday  School  teachers. 

It  is  in  the  important  area  of  results,  or  number 
of  children  reached,  that  the  trend  downward  acceler 
ates.  In  the  past  ten  years,  enrollment  has  dropped 
20%,  and  attendance  has  dropped  30° o-  The  encourag- 


lfl,  CHRISTIAN  HDUCATION 


invention  Sunday  Schools  have  increased  in  attend 
ance  10%  over  four  years.  Assemblies  of  God  church- 
es  have  increased  their  attendance  by  15%  in  the 
same  period.  The  Emmanuel  Church  association  and 
Brethren  Assemblies  have  retained  the  same  number 
of  students  although  Brethren  attendance  seems  to  be 
only  one-third  of  their  enrollment. 

During  the  same  four  year  period,  the  Southern 
Baptist  Convention,  Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance, 
Free  Methodists,  and  Church  of  the  Nazarene  in 
creased  in  both  number  of  Sunday  Schools,  and 
number  of  teachers,  but  dropped  in  students. 

In  all  other  groups  in  the  survey,  which  considered 
only  those  with  a  total  Sunday  School  enrollment  of 
1,000  students  or  more,  there  was  a  decrease,  both 
in  the  Sunday  School  program  and  in  the  number 
of  students. 

In  fairness,  one  should  state  that  figures  have  been 
compiled  from  the  yearbooks  of  Christo  Shimbun  Sha, 
which  contain  many  incomplete  returns.  Where  ad 
ditional  or  more  accurate  information  was  available, 
we  have  used  it ;  thus  if  errors  should  be  found  in 
this  analysis,  we  would  be  most  happy  to  be  notified. 
In  examining  the  programs  of  those  churches  which 
have  increased  their  attendance,  it  is  noteworthy  that 
they  are  the  groups  which  have  considered  the  Sunday 
School  as  their  primary  means  of  teaching  evangelism, 


CHURCH  SCHOOLS  163 

and  which  have  an  intensive  program  in  their  home 
countries.  The  full  effect  has  not  been  only  in  the  in 
crease  in  Sunday  School  attendance,  but  at  the  same 
time  their  whole  church  program  has  profited,  with 
increases  in  number  of  churches,  church  workers  and 
in  church  membership. 

Conversely,  where  Sunday  School  attendance  has 
decreased,  there  has  been  for  the  most  part  a  very 
modest  gain  in  church  membership.  Among  several 
exceptions  to  this  pattern  is  The  Evangelical  Alliance 
Mission,  which  records  a  nearly  50%  increase  in 
membership,  while  recording  a  greater  than  50%  drop 
in  Sunday  School  attendance.  The  inference  seems 
to  be  that  there  is  a  strong  evangelistic  program, 
but  it  is  geared  primarily  to  the  adult  level,  with  a 
weakened  emphasis  on  Sunday  School  evangelism. 


Influencing  Factors 

Many  have  tried  to  find  the  reasons  for  this  drop 
in  attendance,  and  it  has  been  variously  ascribed  to: 
television  which,  in  taking  up  so  much  of  the  children's 
study  time,  requires  the  use  of  Sunday  to  catch  up 
on  studies,  and  the  rising  economy  with  the  increase 
in  week-end  and  other  outings  by  the  family.  In 
the  competition  for  education,  some  parents  arrange 
for  special  tutoring  on  Sundays.  A  rising  spirit  of 
materialism  has  also  affected  the  desire  for  spiritual 
learning.  There  is  also  some  intensification  of  efforts 
by  non-Christian  groups. 

These  and  other  factors  all  affect  the  picture,  yet 
the  fact  is  that  some  churches  made  gains  in  spite  of 
this.  Where  there  is  a  planned  and  pressed  Sunday 
School  program  it  seems  to  record  gains  each  year. 


CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 


The    real    problem    may    not    be  as  much  in  external 
as  in  internal  matters. 

In    the    ratio  of  church  members  to  Sunday  School 
pupils,  The  Baptist  General  Conference  has  two  Sunday 
School  pupils  in  attendance  for  each  church  member. 
Southern    Baptists,  The  Evangelical  Alliance  Mission 
Church    of    the    Nazarene,    Assemblies    of    God,    and 
Brethren    groups  all  have  more  pupils  than  members. 
*>me  have  as  little  as  one  pupil  for  each   four  mem- 
although    the    average    for   all    churches   is  one 
pupil  for  each  two  church  members.      By  comparison 
some    missions   had  four  pupils  for  each 
church  member,  and  the  national  average  was    better 
than   1.5  pupils  per  church  member. 

Jearly    forty    years    ago,   the  Appraisal  Commission 
amous    survey    of    mission    methods       One 
we*    that    missionaries    largely    reproduce 
I  hus  pastors  reproduce  pastors,  evangelists 
>duce  evangelists,  teachers  reproduce  teachers.     Is 
'  not  a  factor  in  the  pattern  here  ? 
How    many    missionaries    are    actively  interested    in 
promoting  Sunday  School  work  is  a  difficultTueslon 

embarassing    to    ask    how    many  have  an  active 
part    m    teaching.       Many    have    taught    only    during 


CHURCH  SCHOOLS  165 

completed.  Regardless  of  how  many  branch  Sunday 
Schools  are  started  and  turned  over  to  national  leader 
ship,  with  less  than  one  half  of  1%  of  the  children 
in  Sunday  School,  every  church  could  well  start  an 
additional  branch  Sunday  School  every  year. 

Most  Japanese  pastors  are  aware  of  the  need  for  a 
Sunday  School  in  their  church.  But  in  general  it  has 
been  a  subordinate  position,  and  largely  staffed  by 
women  teachers.  This  may  reflect  a  weakness  in 
training  schools,  which  almost  without  exception  have 
no  required  courses  in  Christian  Education  for  future 
pastors.  Thus  there  is  a  real  need  for  seminaries 
and  Bible  Schools  to  strengthen  their  Christian  Educa 
tion  departments  and  to  make  certain  courses  required 
for  graduation. 

As  pastors  have  seen  the  value  of  the  Sunday 
School,  the  results  have  been  phenomenal.  One  Chiba 
pastor  has  started  one  branch  after  another,  and  at 
last  report  had  four  Sunday  Schools  in  connection 
with  his  church.  Another  began  a  ministry  of  prayer 
for  each  child  in  the  home  where  a  contact  had  been 
made.  Today  there  is  a  flourishing  church  built  upon 
the  Sunday  School  pupils  of  earlier  years. 

N.C.C.  Program 

In  regard  to  the  program  of  the  National  Christian 
Council,  the  Rev.  Yoshio  Kimura  reports  as  follows  : 

"  At  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  National  Christian 
Council  in  March,  1964,  it  was  decided  to  change 
the  name  of  the  National  Christian  Council  Church 
School  Department  to  the  Church  Education  Depart 
ment.  As  the  Church  Education  Department  it  has 
already  been  active  in  all  the  churches,  with  the  re 
sponsibility  of  general  church  education.  Of  course, 


166  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

the  church  school  was  the  central  part  of  this. 

"  As  the  NCC  Church  Education  Department,  it  is 
now  considered  able  to  contribute  to  all  churches  and 
denominations  ;  and  church  educational  leaders  on  a 
high  level  have  held  study  conferences  and  conferences 
of  education  department  heads  for  the  purpose  of 
contact  and  cooperation.  The  tendency  in  all  churches 
at  present  is  to  change  the  educational  committee  into 
an  education  bureau.  About  half  of  the  churches 
with  whom  we  cooperate  have  made  this  change. 

1  \Ve  knov  that  all  the  denominations  have  put 
their  energy  into  activities  of  church  education,  but 
we  cannot  say  as  yet  that  there  is  an  increase  in 
numbers.  It  is  clear,  however,  that  efforts  are  being 
put  forth  to  spread  education  throughout  the  entire 
church. 

'  At  present    the    affiliated    members    and    associate 
member  denominations  are  as  follows  :     United  Church 
of  Christ  in  Japan,   Anglican  Episcopal  Church,  Japan 
A-angelical    Lutheran   Church,  Japan   Baptist  Conven 
tion,  Japan   Baptist  Union,  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan, 
Korean    Church,    Japan    Jesus  Christ  Church,   Church 
Salvation    Army,    Free    Methodist 
vh    ond    a    number    of   other  churches  of  various 
denominations. 

2,689 

rdi  School   'IVndiers  15,01)4 

Church  Sclmol   Pupils  167,'s23 

The     trend     is     not     particulary    outstanding,     but 

ions  having  church  school  classes  for  adults 

creasing,  and  in   the  Southern  Baptist  Churches 

•  has  risen  to  70%  of  the   churches.      We    do    not 

report    from    others,    but    each    year    sees  an 

increase  in   this  adult  education. 

1  the  denominations  are  working  at  training  of 


CHURCH  SCHOOLS 


167 


teachers,  and  all  over  Japan  they  are  holding  training 
courses  for  this  purpose." 

It  should  be  noted  that  the  above  figures  are  for 
associates  as  well  as  full  members  of  the  NCC  Church 
Education  Department ;  hence  some  of  these  figures 
will  be  duplicated  in  other  statistics. 

Statistics  for  Sunday  School  work  for  all  Protestant 
groups,  as  compared  with  figures  for  church  member 
ship,  are  as  follows  : 

Sunday  Schools  3,519  Churches  5,393 

(and  preaching  points) 
S.  S.  teachers  18.278  Pastors  7,101 

(and  evangelists) 

S.  S.  enrollment  210,708  Members  391,015 

S.  S.  attendance  121,111  Attendance  177,581 

(all  meetings) 

Among  the  Pentecostal  groups  there  is  considerable 
interest  in  children's  work  with  323  Sunday  Schools 
with  an  attendance  of  10,935. 


Areas  of  Christian  Education 

The  church  program  for  Christian  education  begins 
with  Christian  day  kindergartens,  which  as  a  rule 
have  a  greater  enrollment  and  attendance  than  the 
Sunday  School  proper.  These  are  effective  in  teaching 
Bible  stories,  hymns  and  prayers  to  young  children. 

In  the  Sunday  School  proper,  most  have  three  de 
partments  :  pre-school,  grades  1-3,  and  grades  4-6. 
Some  have  high  school  classes,  and  a  beginning  has 
been  made  in  adult  Sunday  School  classes,  where 
previously  the  European  type  of  Sunday  School,  for 
children  only,  was  the  rule. 

Vacation  Bible  Schools  for  a  five  day  period  are 
showing  real  promise,  and  in  this  area,  gains  have 


168  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

been  recorded  each  year.     This  is    usually   graded    in 
four  departments,  pre-school  through  middle  school. 

Bible  camps  are  increasing  in  number  yearly,  and 
their  programs  are  now  extending  over  to  more  of 
the  year.  Most  of  the  larger  missions  maintain  their 
own  camps.  The  young  people  and  college  age 
groups  are  particularly  affected  in  this  work,  although 
some  adult  camps  are  also  in  operation. 

J.S.S.U.  Program 

The    Sunday    School    department    for    most    of    the 
conservative  groups  is  the  Japan  Sunday  School  Union, 
•vhich    carries    on    no    direct   Sunday  School  teaching 
but   instead    operates    solely    with    and    through 
existing  churches.     Its  services  are  used  by  more  than 
ssions  or   church  associations    in    Japan,    and    it 
has  the  most  extensive  and  complete  program  of  litera 
ture  production  in  Japan  in   its  field. 

Activities  supplementary  to  the  usual  Sunday  School 
ities    have    been    started,    such    as    Pioneer  Girls 
Allots,   Boy's  Brigade,  Child  Evangelism,  etc 
leacher  training  programs  are    on    the    increase,    a 
r    of   regional  rallies  being  held  throughout  the 
In  addition,  Japan   Sunday  School  Union  holds 
Sunday    School    workers'   retreat  during 
olden  Week    (April  29-May  5)    each  year. 

Literature 

Literature  is  available    through    a    number    of    pub- 

•  hese  are  in  three  groups,  the  denominational, 

nterdenommational,    and    the    undenominational 

In  the  first  group  are  :    denominations  such 

Japan  Lutheran   Church   (Concordia),  and   the 


CHURCH  SCHOOLS  169 

Japan  Baptist  Convention    (Jordan). 

The  above  publish  primarily  for  their  own  denomi 
nations,  and  usually  issue  monthly  supplements. 
All  publish  a  teacher's  manual  in  magazine  format. 
Some  issue  childrens'  leaflets  or  magazines.  The 
synthetic  curricula  materials  prepared  by  the  Church 
School  Department  of  NCCJ  are  typical  interdenomi 
national  materials. 

In  the  undenominational  field,  the  Japan  Sunday 
School  Union  issues  two  separate  curricula,  each 
on  a  quarterly  basis,  with  teacher's  manuals,  pupil 
leaflets,  and  pupil  workbooks.  As  the  largest  Sunday 
School  publisher,  it  also  publishes  teacher  training 
manuals,  attendance  cards  and  charts,  large  teaching 
pictures,  flannelgraphs,  hymnals,  and  an  annual  VBS 
course.  All  its  materials  are  issued  in  color  printing. 

A  real  problem  is  that  Sunday  School  work  will 
never  reach  more  than  a  minimal  percent  of  the 
children  of  Japan.  One  of  the  attempts  has  been  through 
attractive  literature.  A  number  of  Christian  children's 
magazines  are  being  issued,  one  being  **  Otomodachi  " 
in  four  colors.  Another  most  fruitful  method  has 
been  that  of  placing  a  set  of  Bible  story  books  in 
public  school  libraries.  This  set  of  five  volumes  is 
illustrated  with  more  than  240  full  color  pictures,  and 
has  been  extremely  popular  with  school  children. 
Japan  Sunday  School  Union  has  encouraged  missions 
to  place  these  sets  in  each  school  in  their  areas  of 
work,  and  1963  alone  saw  more  than  1200  sets  placed 
in  public  school  libraries.  Some  sets  are  in  every 
prefecture  of  Japan,  and  one  prefecture,  Nagano  Ken, 
has  a  set  in  each  of  its  450  primary  schools,  and  in 
most  of  its  middle  schools,  largely  through  the  efforts 
of  Rev.  J.  Norton,  of  The  Evangelical  Alliance 
Mission.  Similarly,  all  the  middle  schools,  and  many 


170  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

of  the  primary  schools  in  Yokohoma  have  sets  through 
the  diligence  of  Rev.  R.  Degelman.  Another  mission 
is  seeking  to  complete  Niigata  Prefecture,  and  so  the 
work  continues. 

In  Christian  education,  one  of  the  problems  is  to 
acquaint  Sunday  School  teachers  with  available  ma 
terials  and  provide  ready  accessability  to  them.  Direct 
mail  orders,  formerly  practical,  no  longer  attract  buyers 
since  the  present  mail  rates  frequently  add  one-third 
to  the  cost.  This  has  encouraged  the  rise  of  many 
regional  Christian  bookstores,  and  more  are  being 
started  monthly.  This  trend  has  shown  the  need  for 
cooperation,  and  the  Japan  Christian  Booksellers  As 
sociation  was  formed  during  the  year  1963.  This 
should  improve  the  teacher's  flow  of  information  re 
garding  adequate  teaching  helps  and  teaching  tools. 

A  New  Challenge 

As  1963  drew  to  a  close,  a  new  challenge  faced  the 
church.  Buddhists,  meeting  on  December  17,  deter 
mined  to  establish  14,000  Sunday  Schools  during  the 
next  ten  years,  and  set  an  initial  budget  of  ¥  550, 
000,000  (US$1,500,000)  for  this  project.  In  a  day 
when  Protestant  Sunday  School  work  is  at  the  lowest 
ebb  in  ten  years,  Buddhism  sees  in  the  Sunday  School 
movement  the  essential  method  that  they  anticipate 
will  strengthen  their  own  movement.  And  so  the 
church,  with  the  method,  with  the  message,  and  with 
the  motive,  has  its  challenge  and  its  opportunity,  and 
its  responsibility  under  God. 


2.     THEOLOGICAL  EDUCATION 

Cyril  Powlcs 

"The  Japan  Christian  Year  Book"  for  1960  lists 
"around  60  Christian  theological  schools  and  semi 
naries  in  Japan."  For  the  purposes  of  this  survey  those 
institutions  loosely  classed  as  Bible  Schools  are  being 
dealt  with  in  the  latter  half  of  this  section.  We  have 
therefore  somewhat  arbitrarily  denned  a  seminary  as 
being  a  school  where  preparation  is  carried  on,  either 
for  the  ordained  ministry  of  the  Church,  or  at  least 
for  a  full-time  career  as  a  paid  worker.  Even  so,  it  is 
difficult  to  make  a  clear  division  between  a  seminary  and 
a  Bible  School,  while  many  church-related  colleges  and 
universities  (e.g.,  Rikkyo  University  in  Tokyo)  have 
departments  of  Christian  studies  which  carry  on  the 
ological  education,  although  they  are  not  formally 
recognized  as  being  qualified  to  prepare  people  for 
the  ministry. 

Accordingly,  we  have  sent  out  a  questionnaire  to 
fifteen  schools  and  colleges  which  were  thought  to  be 
representative,  as  follows : 

(1)  Kyodan    related.      Tokyo    Union    Theological 
Seminary   (TUTS),  Japan    Biblical    Seminary    (JBS), 
Tsurukawa  Rural  Institute,  and  the  Colleges  of  Theology 
of    Doshisha,    and    Kansei    Gakuin    Universities,    and 
Department  of  Theology  of  Aoyama  Gakuin. 

(2)  Seikokai  related.     Central  Theological  College 
(CTC),    Williams    Shingakkan,  and    the    Department 
of  Chrisitan  Studies  of  Shoin  Junior  College. 

(3)  Lutheran.      Japan    Lutheran    Seminary    (now 
University)    ( JLS) ,  and  the  Kobe  Lutheran  Seminary, 


172  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 


(4)  Baptist.     Kanto    Gakuin  College  of  Theology 
and  Seinan  Gakuin  Department  of  Theology. 

(5)  Reformed.     Nippon  Kirisuto  Shingakko  (Nik- 
ki)     and  Kobe  Kaikaku  Shingakko. 

Of  the  above,  detailed  replies  have  been  received 
from  eleven,  the  results  of  which  have  been  tabulated 
below.  In  this  connection,  it  is  important  to  note 
that  the  basis  of  the  figures  quoted  seem  to  vary  from 
school  to  school,  so  that  the  information  will  only 
serve  as  the  roughest  of  guides  for  purposes  of 
comparison. 

Types  of  Schools 

As  no  report  on  theological  education  has  been 
given  in  the  'Year  Book  "  since  1960,  it  may  help  to 
review  the  general  situation  in  this  country.  Institu 
tions  giving  education  in  theology  are  roughly  di 
visible  into  three  types  : 

Universities.     These  give  a  four   year    liberal 
in    theology    course,    after    which    candidates  for 
the    ministry    generally    have    to    take    a    further    two 
ears    for    a    M.Th.    or  M.A.   in  Theology  degree  in 
to  qualify.     Such  courses  are  given  by    TUTS, 
isha,  Aoyama  Gakuin,  Kansei  Gakuin,  and  Kanto 
kum,  as    well    as    some    others    which    are    strictly 
outside  the  limits  of  this  survey.     The  newest  recruit 
these  ranks  is  JLS,  which  has  become  a   Daigaku 
commencement  of  the  academic  year  1964. 
Graduate    only.       CTC    gives    a    three     year 
i  theology,  leading  to  a  B.D.   on  presentation 
Entrance    is    only    for    graduates    of   a 
university,    although    some    special    students 
As  the  Ministry  of  Education  does  not 
recognize  a  graduate  school  which  does   not    have    its 


172A 


SI'IIM  \SM  A 


Publishers  and  llooiks<»lli*rs 

Catalog  will   be  sent  Upon  Requ   st 
Mail    Orders    Promptly   Filled. 


Layman's  Bible  Commentary.  .  . 

.    1(>  volumes. 


Luther's  Works  .  .  . 


...   lli  volumes. 


Other  Christian  Books  .  .  . 

.    !<)<>  titles. 


Evangelistic  Tracts .  .  . 

...  GO  titles. 


Christian   Songs  Phonorama  Records 

.  .  Set  of  <*>  titles. 


SAPPORO  6,   Nljhi,   Mmami-oodori,   Sapporo-Shi 

TOKYO  16,  3-chome,  Shin-Ogawamachi,   Shinjoku-ku         Tel.  260-0090 

NAGOYA  36,  4-chome,   Kakuozandori,  Chigusa-ku 

KOBE  319,    1-chome,   Sannomiya-cho,   Ikuta-ku 

KUMAMOTO  60,   Suido-cho,   Kumamoto-shi  Tel.        2-8396 


172  B 


Jordan   Press 

TOKYO  •  KYOTO  .  FUKUOKA 

18-3    Kajriiyamacho,    Shibuyaku,    Tokyo 


Publishing  Dept.  of  Japan  Mission  of 
The  Lutheran  Church-Missouri  Synod 


CONCORDIA  SNA 

TOKYO  LUTHERAN  CENTER 
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THEOLOGICAL  EDUCATION  173 

own  undergraduate  course,  this  school  is  in  the  some 
what  anomalous  position  of  being  ranked  in  Japan 
with  sewing  and  cooking  schools,  although  its  degree 
has  been  consistently  recognized  by  universities  in 
Europe  and  America  for  purposes  of  graduate  study 
for  higher  degrees. 

(3)  Schools  (including  J unior  Colleges}.  Courses 
in  this  group  are  quite  varied.  They  range  from  3  to 
4  years  of  training,  with  or  without  high  school  grad 
uation,  down  to  the  course  given  by  Nikki,  which 
has  a  seven  year  course  (Yoka-3,  Honka-3,  and  Gra- 
duate-1).  The  institutions  in  this  category  are  JBS, 
Tsurukawa  Institute,  Williams,  Shoin,  Kobe  Lutheran, 
Kobe  Kaikaku,  Nikki,  and,  up  to  1964,  Japan  Lu 
theran  Seminary. 

Courses 

As  may  be  seen  by  a  glance  at  Table  II,  the  courses 
given  are  remarkably  similar  (at  least  on  the  surface) . 
Both  in  content  and  in  emphasis  they  would  appear 
to  follow  closely  the  curriculum  of  any  western  theolog 
ical  college  or  seminary.  As  in  the  latter,  the  Big 
Four  of  Biblical  Studies,  Systematic  Theology,  Church 
History  and  Practical  Theology  take  up  the  greater 
part  of  the  timetable,  while  a  comparatively  small 
amount  of  time  is  spent  on  Japanese  Christianity. 
Undoubtedly,  this  latter  subject  is  also  covered  in 
such  courses  as  Practical  Theology,  Apologetics,  and 
Church  History,  so  that  a  snap  judgement  on  this 
point  may  be  unfair. 

Certain  differences  also  appear.  There  is  a  great 
variation  in  the  number  of  hours  devoted  to  worship, 
ranging  from  twenty  minutes  in  the  morning  to  2.5 
hours  a  day.  One  school  reports  a  weekly  prayer 


174  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

meeting,  while  another  has  a  daily  schedule  of  1  hour 
in  the  morning  plus  30  minutes  of  meditation,  followed 
hy  noon  prayers,  evening  prayer,  and  Compline  last 
thing  at  night.  Factors  in  these  differences  include, 
not  only  theological  differences,  but  also  the  problem 
of  students  living  out. 

Changes 

Readers  will  naturally  be  interested  in  changes 
which  have  taken  place  since  our  last  survey.  On 
the  whole  there  are  surprisingly  few,  but  one  or  two 
trends  are  clearly  visible,  For  instance,  colleges  in 
the  Kyodan  connection  have  increased  their  courses 
in  practical  theology,  Christian  Education,  etc.  TUTS 
reports,  ''New  program  (of  field  work)  concentrates 
on  student'"  in"'  his  fifth  year ;  includes  consultation 
periodically  with  church  pastors  involved,  counselling, 
etc."  Aoyama  Gakuin  reports,  "  strengthening  of 
the  practical  field,  esp.  Christian  Education."  TUTS 
also  appears  to  have  increased  the  hours  in  Church 
History,  Japanese  Christianity,  and  Worship,  at  the 
expense  of  a  greater  amount  of  time  formerly  spent 
on  Systematic  Theology. 

Although  outside  the  limits  of  this  survey,  it  is  not 
irrelevant  to  note  the  opening  of  a  new  Institute  of 
Christian  Education  (JICE)  at  Rikkyo  University, 
which  has  been  responsible  for  the  conducting  of  a 
number  of  Group  Life  Laboratories  on  a  cross-con 
fessional  basis.  This  institute  is  also  exploring  the 
possibility  of  a  clinical  training  program  to  be  con 
ducted  in  conjunction  with  the  medical  and  psy 
chiatric  staff  of  St.  Luke's  International  Hospital. 

There  is  a  general  tendency  to  lengthen  courses  on 
every  hand  in  order  to  make  room  for  new  subjects 


THEOLOGICAL  EDUCATION  175 

and  more  intensive  training.  As  we  have  seen,  Japan 
Lutheran  Seminary  (JLS)  has  now  become  a  Daigaku, 
while  Kobe  Lutheran  has  extended  the  course  from 
three  years  to  four.  Seinan  Gakuin  has  divided  the 
course  into  a  B.D.  course  and  a  Bible  School,  with 
opportunity  for  graduates  of  the  former  to  do  further 
study  at  the  Asia  Baptist  Theological  Seminary.  Bibli 
cal  Seminary  (JBS)  now  has  a  graduate,  or  kenkyu, 
course  of  one  year  in  addition  to  its  former  regular 
course  of  five  years.  Central  Theological  College 
(CTC)  has  added  courses  in  European  Culture,  Japan 
ese  Culture,  and  Japanese  Church  History.  Kanto 
has  been  granted  permission  by  the  Ministry  of  Edu 
cation  to  offer  courses  leading  to  the  Doctor  of 
Theology  degree. 

There  is  a  fair  amount  of  international  exchange 
being  carried  on,  even  though  one  school,  in  answer 
to  this  question  replied,  "  No  !  Purpose  is  for  Japan 
ese."  The  Tokyo  Union  Theological  Seminary 
(TUTS)  reports,  "  We  usually  have  students  from 
Korea,  Taiwan  and  Okinawa."  Both  Williams  and 
CTC  regularly  have  students  from  Okinawa  and  this 
year  are  exchanging  with  students  from  Korea  and 
Malaysia.  JLS  has  had  a  student  from  India.  Lan 
guage  is,  of  course,  the  greatest  problem  here.  The 
best  organized  programme  of  this  nature  is,  without 
doubt,  the  Southeast  Asia  Christian  Rural  Training 
Course  sponsored  by  the  Tsurukawa  Rural  Institute 
and  supported  by  the  East  Asia  Christian  Council. 
Registration  in  this  course  runs  around  10  students 
coming  from  five  different  countries  (1962).  Instruc 
tion  is  in  English  and  courses  are  given  in  the  three 
main  divisions  of  Agriculture,  Rural  Life,  and  Rural 
Church. 


17(J  CHRISTIAN  RDUCATION 

Problems 

Finally,   let  us  glance  at  certain   problems    common 
to  all  or  most  of  these  institutions. 

(1)  Enrollment.     Reference    to    Table    I  will  show 
that  there  seems  to  have  been  little  change  in  numbers 
of    students,    although    exact    figures  are  not  available 
over  an  extended  period.     However,  periodicals  of  ten 
years    ago    mention    a    figure  of  "  about  two  hundred 
students"   for  TUTS,  while  the    enrollment    at    CTC 
at  that  time  was  around  25.     As  the  overall  member 
ship  of  the  parent   churches    has    ostensibly    been    in 
creasing    over    this    period,    the    lack    of    increase    in 
candidates    for  the    ministry    would    seem  to   indicate 
an  actual  falling-off  of  numbers. 

(2)  Finances.      All    institutions    without   exception 
are    pinched    financially.      As   theological  students  are 
not  generally  supported  by   their    families,    fees    must 
be  kept  at  a  minimum.     A  church  which  is  straining 
itself  to  attain  financial  self-support  at  the  local    level 
has    little    left    over    for    the    support  of  an  expensive 
central    institution.      Consequently,    a    great    deal    of 
support    has    to    be    sought    abroad   and  this  naturally 
is  done  on  a  basis  of  minimum,  rather  than  optimum, 
requirements. 

(3)  Lack    of  Specialized   Books  in  Japanese.      A 
glance    at    Table    I    will    show    that    in    almost  every 
school   books    in    foreign    languages    (mostly    German 
and    English)   far    outnumber    Japanese    works.     This 
places  a  great  strain  on  students,  as  they  must  turn  to 
foreign    works    as    soon  as  their  introductory  study  is 
finished.     The  Theological  Education  Fund  is  at  pre 
sent  assisting  in  the  cost  of  translating  and  publishing 
basic    texts,    and    in    the    writing    of  new  ones.     The 
situation  is  much  better  than  it  was,  but  improvement 


THEOLOGICAL  EDUCATION 


177 


Table  I     Theological  Seminaries  in  Japan 


Name 

Enrollment 

% 

Fa«"»        uJH 

TUTS 

1961 
181 

1962 

1963 

Men 

Women 

Full 

Part 

Foreign 

Jap'se    Other 

171 

189    92 

8 

23 

23 

h      11.23-128.216 

JBS 

86 

91 

89 

72 

28 

2 

6 

2     (6  336) 

Aoyama  G 

76 

69 

60 

62 

38 

11 

18 

2      12,  mo  is.  <m 

CTC 

18 

20 

19 

100 

— 

6 

: 

4 

3,000 

10,000 

Shoin  JC 

3 

4 

4 

25 

75 

3 

1 

1 

650 

1,200 

Williams 

2 

3 

2 

66 

34 

1 

10 

3 

1,900 

300 

Kanto  GU 

27 

32 

38 

82 

18 

12 

7 

1 

3,000 

10,000 

Seinan  GU 

38 

28 

20 

90 

10 

8 

6 

5 

8,906 

12,569 

JLS 

32 

35 

36 

5 

6 

25 

4 

10,500 

Kobe  Lu 
theran 

12 

12 

12 

100 

5 

8 

5 

7  in        390 

Nikki 

29 

' 

28 

72     28 

7 

4 

6 

2,000 

20,000 

Table  II     Hours  of  Courses  Given 


Name 

Bible 

Syst. 
Theol. 

Ch. 
Hist. 

P.T.    |  J-gj« 

Wor 
ship 

Others 

TUTS 

94       4<;       32       3« 

4 

6 

40 

JBS 

99 

11         i; 

16 

4 

18 

40 

Aoyama  GU 

44 

18 

12 

20 

2 

12 

30 

CTC' 

36 

21 

15 

39 

4 

18 

42 

Shoin  JC 

8 

4 

4 

3 

2 

2 

9 

Williams 

20 

12 

15 

21 

4 

5 

28 

Kanto  GU 

54 

28 

31 

32 

4 

3 

52 

Seinan  GU 

20 

8 

10 

12 

— 

4 

18 

JLS 

24 

22 

12 

10 

4 

4 

— 

Kobe  Lutheran 

8 

o 

2 

2 

— 

1 

3 

Nikki 

3 

8 

•> 

4 

') 

1 

•) 

N.B-.  The  above  figures  vary  clue  to  many  factors,  such  as  length 
of  course,  etc.  Comparisons  should  l>e  made  by  striking  a 
ratio  for  each  college,  rather  than  by  comparing  the  above 
figures  as  they  stand. 


178  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

is  gradual. 

(4)  Duplication  of  Facilities.  Although  some  teach 
ers  teach  in  two  theological  schools  or  universities, 
a  rough  calculation  of  the  11  schools  circularized 
indicates  a  total  of  492  students  are  presently  being 
taught  by  199  full-or  part-time  instructors,  a  ratio  of 
approximately  one  teacher  to  2.5  students.  Coupled 
with  the  financial  problem,  this  gives  some  idea  of 
the  waste  which  results  from  an  over-duplication  of 
educational  facilities.  One  federated  faculty  each  in 
the  Kanto  and  Kansai  areas  could  easily  handle  all 
applicants,  leaving  plenty  of  talent  left  over  for  a 
top-notch  graduate  school  as  well.  Confessional  con 
victions  and  differences  in  traditions  of  worship  and 
discipline  could  be  safeguarded  by  having  separate 
hostels  and  by  having  special  courses  taught  by  re 
presentatives  of  the  respective  churches.  This  is  done 
regularly  in  the  West  without  compromise  of  belief. 
In  Japan,  the  obstacle  to  be  hurdled  would  be  rather 
the  cultural  tendency  to  guard  jealously  the  autonomy 
of  the  separate  unit. 


EVANGELICAL  THEOLOGICAL  SCHOOLS  179 


3.     JAPAN  ASSOCIATION  OF  EVANGELICAL 
THEOLOGICAL  SCHOOLS 

John  M.L.  Young 

In  June  1962,  the  Japan  Council  of  Evangelical 
Missions  called  together  a  conference  of  evangelical 
educators  for  a  two  day  meeting  immediately  preced 
ing  their  own  gathering.  At  this  conference  papers 
were  read  on  such  subjects  as  "  The  Value  and 
Possibility  of  Specially  Qualified  Visiting  Lecturers," 
"  The  Problem  of  Text  Books  in  Japan  for  Christian 
Schools,"  and  "  What  An  Accrediting  Agency  Can 
Do  for  Our  Christian  Schools."  Study  groups  then  met 
to  discuss  the  problems  of  school  discipline,  finances, 
faculty,  practical  work  and  textbooks.  At  the  business 
session,  the  twelve  schools  having  representatives  pre 
sent  agreed  unanimously  to  go  on  record  as  favoring 
the  establishment  of  an  association  of  those  engaged 
in  the  training  of  Christian  workers  for  mutual  as 
sistance  and  encouragement ;  and  that  this  association 
contemplate  as  one  of  its  possible  objectives  the  es 
tablishment  of  an  accrediting  association  for  these 
schools  in  the  future.  A  steering  committee  to  call 
an  organizing  conference,  representing  five  of  the 
schools,  was  appointed  with  Donald  E.  Hoke  of  the 
Japan  Christian  College  as  chairman. 

This  committee  convened  a  "Conference  on  Theolog 
ical  Education  "  which  met  that  October.  Representa 
tives  came  from  twenty  schools  and  passed  the  follow 
ing  resolution.  "Be  it  resolved  that  we  form,  for 
the  purpose  of  cooperation  in  advancing  our  common 
goals,  an  association  of  evangelical,  Biblical,  theologi- 


180  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

cal  schools  engaged  in  training  Christian  workers. 
It  is  understood  that  this  association  is  not  directly 
affiliated  with  any  other  existing  ecclesiastical  or  edu 
cational  organization."  The  name  chosen  for  the 
organization  was  "  The  Japan  Association  of  Evan 
gelical  Theological  Schools,"  Nihon  Fukuinshugi  Shin- 
gakko  Kyogikai.  A  constitutional  committee  was 
elected  with  Akiji  Kurumada  of  the  Tokyo  Bible 
Seminary  and  John  M.L.  Young  of  the  Japan  Chris 
tian  Theological  Seminary  as  co-chairmen,  and  the 
steering  committee  was  asked  to  continue  until  a 
spring  conference  should  be  convened. 

At  the  May  1963  conference,  the  proposed  con 
stitution  was  modified  and  adopted  after  lengthy  ex 
amination.  It  contains  an  eight  point  evangelical 
doctrinal  statement,  and  states  the  purpose  of  the 
association  in  these  words.  "This  organization,  as 
an  association  of  evangelical  institutions  engaged  in 
training  Christian  workers,  shall  promote  cooperation 
among  member  schools  to  the  end  that  each  may 
better  fulfill  its  educational  objectives."  In  addition 
to  subscription  to  the  doctrinal  statement  and  purpose, 
the  following  criteria  for  membership  were  inserted 
in  the  constitution  : 

a)  A  minimum  of  five  regular  students. 

b)  Two  regular  faculty  members. 

An  academic  school  year  equivalent  to  at   least 
thirty  weeks  of  fifteen  class  hours  each  week, 
d)      A  two  year  academic  course. 
A  temporary  executive  committee  of  four   Japanese 
three   missionaries  was  elected  to  serve  until  the 
At  this  October  1963  conference,  three 
addresses  were  given  on  the  subjects  of  "Objectives 
Methods    of    Attaining    Them,    of    1)   A    Bible 
A  Bible  College ;    and    3)   A    Theological 


EVANGELICAL  THEOLOGICAL  SCHOOLS          isi 

Seminary."  In  addition,  Professor  Haruo  Omura, 
associate  professor  of  philosophy  at  Tokyo  Metropolitan 
University  and  an  elder  at  the  Namamugi  Presbyterian 
Church,  gave  an  address  on  "  Theological  Education 
in  the  Context  of  Modern  Japanese  Society  and 
Culture."  An  executive  committee  of  seven  members 
was  elected  to  serve  in  two  classes,  retiring  in  alternate 
years,  with  John  M.L.  Young  chosen  as  the  first 
president.  The  following  standing  committees  were 
also  authorized  : 

a)  Study  Commission  on  Legal  Affairs. 

b)  Study  Commission  on  Educational  Philosophy. 

c)  Study  Commission  on  Faculty  Qualifications. 

d)  Study  Commission  on  Financial  Affairs. 

The  charter  membership  was  left  open  until  the 
April  1964  conference,  at  which  time  there  were  ten 
regular  member  schools  enrolled  and  two  associate 
members,  not  yet  qualifying  for  full  membership, 
with  five  other  schools  sending  official  observers.  At 
this  latest  conference  a  comprehensive  report  was 
made  by  the  chairman  of  the  Study  Commission  on 
Financial  Affairs,  Mr.  Sakurai  of  the  JCC.  He  went 
into  the  principles  and  practices  of  administration  and 
management  of  schools,  sources  of  income  and  ex 
penditures  including  school  fees  for  tuition,  room  and 
board,  faculty  and  staff  salaries  and  allowances,  arbeit, 
honoraria  for  visiting  speakers,  and  other  matters. 
Along  with  a  mimeographed  eight  page  report,  he 
presented  fourteen  pages  of  wage  scales  of  government 
and  other  schools,  and  the  tuition  fees  of  twenty  well 
known  colleges.  It  was  decided  to  make  this  material 
available  to  non-members,  with  other  reports  submit 
ted,  for  the  price  of  the  conference  registration  fee. 
Those  interested  may  get  in  touch  with  the  Associa 
tion's  secretary,  Mr.  Higuchi,  at  the  JCC. 


182  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

Another  address  was  that  of  William  Cessna  on 
"Pastoral  Counselling  for  Pastors  and  Teachers." 
Mr.  Cessna  is  writing  his  doctoral  thesis  in  this  area 
for  Michigan  State  University.  The  chairman  of  the 
Study  Commission  on  Legal  Affairs,  Professor  Yama- 
zaki  of  Tokyo  Bible  Seminary,  gave  a  progress  report 
of  their  investigations  concerning  kinds  of  government 
recognition  and  the  attending  advantages  and  disad 
vantages,  as  well  as  matters  dealing  with  incorporation 
(hojin).  He  will  bring  a  full  report  at  the  next 
conference. 

Evangelical  School  Situation  Today 

AsJ  nearly  as  can  be  determined,  there  are  now 
forty-four  evangelical  institutions  in  Japan  engaged  in 
training  Christian  workers  which  could  qualify  for 
membership  in  the  Association.  To  learn  more  about 
them  a  survey  questionnaire  was  sent  to  them  inquiring 
as  to  their  student  body  during  the  last  semester,  number 
of  teachers  including  part-time  ones,  the  purpose  of 
the  training  being  given,  and  the  entrance  require 
ments.  From  the  information  at  hand  the  following 
report  has  been  tabulated. 

(Report  as  of  May  1st,  1964) 

Entrance  Require- 

Number     Students     leachers   Purpose  is  to  tram:*  ments** 

of  Schools  last  Including '    ...    .  ...        ir  , 

in  Survey  Semester   Part-time  Mm1'      Bible      Lay-       Col         H  s 
sters j Women  men 


29  629  170         24         17         11 


20 


Note  :     *Some  schools  have  two  and  some  all  three  of  these  objec 
tives. 

**T  wo  schools  have  both  undergraduate  and  graduate  de 
partments  and  have  listed  the  entrance  requirements 
separately  bringing  the  total  to  31. 


EVANGELICAL  THEOLOGICAL  SCHOOLS  183 

It  is  obvious  from  these  figures  that  many  of  these 
schools  are  quite  small,  the  average  attendance  being 
21.5.  Actually  18  of  the  schools  had  15  or  fewer 
students.  For  the  education  of  every  3.07  students, 
at  least  part  of  the  time  of  a  Christian  leader  is  re 
quired.  The  survey  is  not  complete  but  these  ratios 
would  probably  hold  in  a  complete  return.  A  more 
complete  survey  form  has  been  prepared  to  gather 
more  information  such  as  the  ratio  of  men  students 
to  women,  of  Japanese  teachers  to  missionary,  the 
extent  of  libraries  and  the  semester  hours  required 
per  course.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  this  material  will 
be  available  for  a  later  report. 

Numerous  Schools 

The  question  naturally  arises  as  to  why  there  should 
be  so  many  of  these  small  theological  schools  for  the 
training  of  ministers  (or  evangelists) ,  Bible  Women 
and  laymen.  Since  it  has  been  reported  that  more  than 
half,  23  out  of  44,  of  these  evangelical  schools 
have  been  begun,  or  re-activated,  during  the  last  five 
years,  it  is  apparent  that  there  must  exist  dissatisfac 
tion  with  the  previously  established  schools.  To  this 
writer  the  two  primary  reasons  for  this  dissatisfaction 
appear  to  be  the  following. 

First,  there  is  a  deep  dissatisfaction  on  the  part  of 
evangelicals  with  the  theology  of  many  of  the  older 
schools  for  theological  training.  This  accounts  for 
the  existance  of  most  of  the  evangelical  schools, 
whereas  the  second  reason  to  be  given  may  throw 
light  on  the  recent  upsurge  of  new  schools.  Evan 
gelicals  desire  advanced  training  for  their  Christian 
leaders  but  they  are  determined  that  this  training  will 
be  within  the  framework  of  historic  Christianity  cen- 


184  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

tered  in  the  supernatural  person  and  work  of  Christ 
and  the  infallible  authority  of  Scripture.  Modern 
Biblical  criticism,  resting  on  the  foundation  of  last 
century's  rationalistic  higher  criticism,  is  today  the 
accepted  approach  to  Scripture  of  many,  if  not  most, 
of  Japan's  older  theological  institutions  whether  orient 
ed  to  the  older  liberalism  or  the  newer  neo-orthodox 
or  existential  theology.  For  this  reason  the  majority 
of  postwar  evangelical  missions  will  not  consider 
sending  their  young,  prospective  leaders  to  these 
schools  but  insist  on  their  attending  evangelical  schools 
upholding  their  view  of  Scripture  and  of  Christ. 

Secondly,  there  is  dissatisfaction  in  more  recent 
years,  on  the  part  of  some,  with  even  sending  their 
young  people  to  the  earlier  postwar  evangelical  schools. 
The  reason  is  different  from  the  first  but  it  does  ex 
plain,  at  least  in  part,  the  recent  upsurge  of  new 
schools.  Joint  inter-mission  evangelical  schools  were 
tried  after  the  war,  and  some  are  continuing,  but  the 
pendulum  is  now  swinging  away  from  that  direction. 
The  reason  is  the  experiences  many  have  had  in 
smaller  missions  with  special  emphases,  or  in  rural 
areas  sending  students  to  city  schools,  especially  Tokyo, 
of  having  their  young  people  turn  to  one  of  the  larger 
works  represented  in  the  school,  or  lose  their  en 
thusiasm  for  the  mission's  special  denominational 
emphasis,  or  even  become  critical  of  it,  or  after  years 
in  the  city  losing  their  interest  in  rural  evangelism 
and  church  building.  The  result  has  been  the  more 
recent  effort  to  educate  the  young  people  in  the  local 
area  with  the  corresponding  great  increase  of  schools. 

These  schools  are  necessarily  greatly  limited  as  to 
students,  facilities  (especially  libraries)  and  faculty 
members.  The  question  arises  as  to  whether  this 
method  will  work  or  whether  in  the  long  run  it  will 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  185 

not  fail  to  reach  the  desired  goal  of  providing  ad 
equately  trained  ministers  for  the  local  churches. 
Whether  there  is  a  better  method,  and  if  so,  what  it 
is  and  how  can  it  be  made  to  function,  is  one  of  the 
problems  in  evangelical  school  cooperation  to  which 
the  Japan  Association  of  Evangelical  Theological 
Schools  must  address  itself. 


4      CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS 

Daisy  Edgerton 

Japan  is  one  the  most  highly  educated  countries  of 
the  world  and  Christian  schools  have  and  are  con 
tinuing  to  make  a  contribution  in  the  field  of  Japanese 
education.  In  the  early  days  when  direct  evangelism 
was  not  possible,  the  missionaries  turned  to  schools 
as  a  means  of  reaching  Japan's  non-Christian  society. 
Most  of  the  Christian  schools  in  Japan,  except  those 
established  after  the  war  by  Japanese  Christians, 
were  started  as  a  means  of  evangelism  by  some  for 
eign  mission  board,  and  the  tradional  spirit  of  evan 
gelism  is  strong  in  these  schools.  The  schools  now 
receive  only  a  small  part  of  their  total  budget  from 
mission  boards  and  are  supported  almost  entirely 
through  tuitions  from  students.  Most  of  the  schools 
have  rejected  the  term  "  mission  school  "  because  of 
its  implication  of  foreign  support  and  control,  but 
they  have  proudly  maintained  the  term  "  Christian 
sch(X)l  ' ' .  They  continue  to  feel  close  to  the  boards 
that  established  them  and  to  the  ideals  of  their  early 
founders.  They  feel  that  they  are  continuing  to 
participate  in  **  mission  ".  The  Christian  schools 


186  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

strive  for  a  Christian  faculty  ;  they  require  Bible  study  ; 
and  they  have  regular  worship  services  and  special 
evangelistic  services  as  part  of  their  regular  curriculum. 
They  also  have  Christian  clubs  and  Christian  con 
ferences  for  both  faculty  and  students.  In  addition 
to  this  they  sponsor  Bible  classes  for  parents  and 
actively  encourage  students  to  attend  local  churches 
and  participate  in  church  activities. 

Problems 

Christian  educational  institutions,  however,  have 
many  problems  and  are  continually  struggling  with 
these  problems  and  trying  to  find  solutions  to  them. 
Since  no  school  can  exist  unless  the  schools  attract 
students,  this  becomes  one  of  the  first  problems  for 
the  Christian  schools.  In  order  to  do  this,  most  of 
the  schools  have  recently  (in  the  last  ten  years) 
rebuilt  and  installed  new  equipment  in  an  effort  to 
have  at  least  as  good  facilities  as  those  of  public 
schools.  Many  schools  have  also  expanded  into  other 
levels  of  education,  since  the  "  elevator"  type  schools 
(schools  in  which  students  move  from  one  level  to 
another  without  taking  entrance  examinations)  are 
more  attractive;  and  the  schools  genuinely  feel  that 
they  have  a  contribution  to  make  in  these  other  levels 
of  education.  For  example,  in  addition  to  statistics 
given  with  this  article,  the  1964-65  school  year  saw 
two  junior  colleges  enlarge  to  four  year  colleges 
and  five  high  schools  add  junior  college  departments. 
The  majority  of  Christian  schools  are  girls'  schools 
and  girls  are  now  getting  more  education  than  in 
the  past.  There  has  also  been  an  increase  of 
at  least  three  elementary  school  departments  since 
1960. 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  187 

As  more  and  more  students  go  on  to  college,  there 
is  greater  pressure  on  the  high  school  to  prepare 
students  for  passing  college  entrance  examinations 
which  calls  for  greater  emphasis  on  academic  teaching 
and  maintaining  high  academic  standards.  This  has 
caused  many  schools  which  formerly  had  a  five  day 
week  to  change  to  a  five  and  a  half  day  week,  and 
and  to  teach  longer  hours  per  day.  There  is  hope 
that  some  relief  may  come  in  this  area  with  the 
institution  of  the  new  college  board  type  of  examina 
tions  inaugurated  in  1963. 

In  spite  of  these  efforts  to  attract  students  it  is 
necessary  to  remember  that  the  post-war  student 
population  varies  from  year  to  year  and  the  number 
of  students  ready  to  enter  a  particular  level  of  educa 
tion  directly  affects  the  number  of  applicants  at  that 
level.  The  years  1960  and  1961  were  peak  years  for 
junior  high  schools  and  thus  1963  and  1964  became 
peak  years  for  senior  high  schools  (and  1966  and 
1967  will  be  the  peak  years  for  colleges).  In  those 
years  all  Christian  schools  had  far  more  applicants 
than  they  could  accept.  However  the  year  1964 
brought  a  definite  drop  in  numbers  ready  to  enter 
junior  high  school.  This  brought  a  corresponding 
drop  in  the  number  of  applicants  to  enter  Christian 
schools.  For  example  one  Christian  boys'  school 
received  only  17  applicants  and  therefore  decided  not 
to  have  a  first  year  class  and  at  this  point  it  seems 
probable  that  it  will  discontinue  its  junior  high 
school  entirely.  One  girls'  school  that  desired  250 
students  received  only  43  applications.  Other  schools 
gave  two  examinations  in  an  effort  to  get  the  required 
number  of  students.  This  situation  applies  to  all 
private  schools,  including  Protestant,  Catholic,  Bud 
dhist  and  others.  In  fact  Christian  schools  in  Tokyo 


188 


CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 


were  still  better  able  to  attract  pupils  than  other 
schools  because  of  their  reputation  for  high  academic 
standards  and  character  building. 

Another  factor  that  must  be  taken  into  considera 
tion  is  that  the  public  schools  are  free,  and  since 
junior  high  school  has  been  made  compulsory,  the 
government  has  spent  a  great  deal  of  money  on  im 
proving  schools  at  this  level.  Also  as  the  elementary 
school  population  decreases,  the  public  elementary 
school  teachers  face  the  possibility  of  losing  their 
jobs  unless  they  can  be  given  jobs  in  the  public  junior 
high  schools.  For  this  reason  they  encourage  their 
students  to  attend  public  junior  high  schools  rather 
than  private  schools.  At  last  the  population  seems 
to  have  leveled  off  and  the  schools  can  now  make 
their  plans  on  the  basis  of  the  continuation  of  the 
present  numbers.  In  making  these  plans  they  must 
remember  that  government  junior  high  schools  now 
have  a  teacher-student  ratio  of  1  to  49  and  are  com 
mitted  to  decreasing  this  ratio  as  fast  as  possible. 

Christian  schools  are  continually  criticized  for  being 
too  large — that  is  having  too  many  sections  per  class 
and  too  many  students  per  section,  especially  when 
Christian  education  is  assumed  to  be  most  effective 
when  it  is  on  a  personal  basis.  Christian  university 
students  are  concentrated  in  the  areas  of  economics 
(22,689),  literature  (18,146),  law  (8,354) ,  commerce 
(7,525)  and  engineering  (4,341)  with  the  results  of 
teacher-student  ratios  of  1  to  65  in  economics,  1  to 
35  in  literature,  1  to  63  in  law,  1  to  65  in  commerce 
and  1  to  27  in  engineering.  Because  of  this  the 
teacher-student  ratio  in  the  Christian  universities  is 
among  the  highest  in  Japan,  while  that  of  the  Govern 
ment  supported  universities  is  among  the  lowest  with 
the  other  well-known  universities  falling  in  between. 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  189 

Administrators  recognize  this  as  a  problem  and  are 
trying  to  meet  it  in  part  through  better  and  increased 
counselling  programs.  By  admitting  large  numbers  is  the 
one  way  that  they  have  of  meeting  their  financial  re 
sponsibilities.  Most  schools  are  heavily  in  debt  for  their 
buildings  and  equipment  and  must  meet  loan  payments. 
Also  there  is  pressure  on  them  to  constantly  increase 
teachers'  salaries.  In  government  schools  salaries  are 
continually  going  up.  Christian  schools  do  not  keep 
pace  with  government  schools  but  they  cannot  afford 
to  stay  too  far  behind.  In  one  school,  90%  of  the 
monthly  tuition  fee  is  used  for  the  teachers'  salaries 
and  the  entrance  fee  is  used  for  paying  off  indebtness 
for  capital  improvement.  Almost  all  schools  are  forced 
to  increase  tuitions  each  year.  In  one  college,  over 
the  past  ten  years  the  yearly  tuition  fee  has  tripled 
but  each  year  there  is  a  greater  gap  in  the  actual 
amount  it  costs  to  educate  a  student  and  the  amount 
of  the  tuition.  Christian  schools  are  aimed  at  the 
children  of  middle  class  people  where  salary  increases 
have  been  slow.  These  schools  will  lose  their  signifi 
cance  if  they  can't  provide  equal  opportunities  for  all 
regardless  of  financial  status.  Few  if  any  schools, 
have  received  increased  grants  from  the  mission  boards. 
In  1963,  Interboard  related  schools  received  1.2%  of 
their  budget  from  the  Interboard  Committee,  and 
from  now  on  will  be  receiving  an  annual  10%  de 
crease  in  grants.  For  a  number  of  years  the  American 
Baptists  have  given  no  grants  to  their  related  schools 
for  running  expenses.  And  1963  marked  the  begin 
ning  of  the  new  policy  of  the  Anglican  Church  of 
giving  no  support  for  running  expenses  of  junor-senior 
high  schools.  The  Southern  Presbyterian  Board  seems 
to  be  the  only  board  committed  to  substantial  support 
of  schools  in  order  to  help  them  to  be  "  more  Chris- 


190  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

tian".  This  becomes  particularly  critical  when  we 
realize  that  teachers  themselves  have  formed  unions 
in  many  of  the  Christian  schools  and  are  working 
for  higher  salaries  and  better  working  conditions. 
On  the  other  hand,  1963  saw  student  strikes  on  many 
Christian  college  campuses  because  tuition  increases 
were  announced. 

Prospects  For  Evangelism 

Quite  in  contrast  to  a  few  years  ago,  the  present 
student  population,  including  those  students  in  Chris 
tian  schools,  does  not  offer  a  fertile  field  for  evan 
gelism.  According  to  one  study,  less  than  10%  of 
Japanese  young  people  have  any  interest  at  all  in 
religion.  They  are  concerned  with  money  and  the 
pleasures  that  it  can  buy.  The  Christian  schools  have 
not  escaped  the  problem  of  wide-spread  juvenile  de 
linquency  brought  about  by  this  attitude.  A  number 
of  their  students  have  been  involved  in  crimes  of 
robbery  and  even  murder.  They  are  aware  that  they 
must  work  even  harder  so  that  modern  Japanese 
youth  will  not  move  into  the  vacuum  where  God  and 
conscience  have  no  place. 

Christian  administrators  realize  that  this  can  be  done 
only  with  a  Christian  faculty  and  it  is  their  sincere 
goal  to  have  an  all  Christian  faculty.  Nevertheless, 
this  is  one  of  the  most  difficult  problems  that  the 
schools  face.  Actual  statistics  are  not  available  on 
the  number  of  Christian  teachers  but  it  seems  that  there 
is  an  average  of  about  60%  and  this  varies  greatly  from 
school  to  school,  from  academic  level  to  academic  level, 
and  from  department  to  department.  The  smallest 
percentage  of  Christian  teachers  is  in  the  universities 
and  the  largest  percentage  is  in  the  elementary  schools. 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  191 

The  problem  is  that  there  are  not  enough  academically 
qualified  Christian  teachers.  An  administrator  for  a 
Christian  school  is  forced  to  choose  between  a  qualified 
non-Christian  or  a  non-qualified  Christian.  And  the 
Christian  teacher  is  forced  to  choose  between  a  Chris 
tian  school  with  limited  academic  opportunities  and 
a  non -Christian  school  with  broad  academic  oppor 
tunities.  One  reason  for  this  problem  in  recent  years 
has  been  that  for  women  at  least,  the  teaching  pro 
fession  has  been  less  popular  than  it  once  was  because 
of  the  increased  opportunities  for  women  to  go  into 
the  business  world.  As  some  of  the  "  romance"  of 
the  business  world  falls  off  it  would  seem  that  once 
again  women  would  be  attracted  to  the  field  of  teaching. 
It  must  also  be  remembered  that  the  great  emphasis 
in  Japanese  society  in  the  post-war  period  has  been 
on  gaining  rights  and  privileges  and  little  emphasis 
on  service  and  willingness  to  sacrifice.  Even  Christian 
young  people  seem  to  have  been  affected  more  by 
this  emphasis  in  society  than  by  Christian  ideals. 
Many  of  the  Christian  teachers  themselves  seem  to 
lack  a  sense  of  mission.  Administrators  have  to  take  on 
the  task  of  evangelizing  non-Christian  teachers,  and  in 
spiring  higher  ideals  in  their  Christian  faculty  members, 
in  addition  to  their  task  of  providing  Christian  education 
for  students.  Christian  school  administrators  are  con 
cerned  with  the  problem  of  how  to  reach  potential 
teachers  with  Christianity  and  how  to  recruit  teachers 
who  are  Christians. 

The  recruitment  of  teachers  who  are  Christians  is 
only  one  area  in  which  the  schools  are  trying  to  work 
more  closely  with  the  churches.  Many  schools  hold 
annual  meetings  with  the  pastors  and  church  school 
teachers  of  the  churches  their  students  attend.  For 
a  number  of  years  this  has  been  mostly  a  getting 


192  CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 

acquainted  meeting  but  recently  there  seems  to  be 
more  effort  to  deal  realistically  with  problems  of 
common  concern  and  better  coordination  of  efforts. 
This  is  not  such  a  problem  in  Anglican  schools  where 
the  bishops  are  automatically  on  the  school  boards, 
or  in  the  Southern  Presbyterian  schools  where  there 
seems  to  have  been  continually  a  close  tie  between 
the  church  and  school.  However  it  has  been  a  big 
problem  for  Kyodan  related  schools. 

Christian  Kindergartens  and  Nursery  Schools 

According  to  a  report  in  the  Christian  Activity 
News,  April  10,  1964,  the  total  number  of  kinder 
gartens  and  nursery  schools  is  8,789.  Of  these  1,100 
are  Christian  institutions,  and  450  are  church  related 
kindergartens.  The  Christian  institutions  are  con 
sidered  to  be  effective  arms  of  the  churches  in 
penetrating  into  the  communities.  These  Christian 
institutions  face  a  crisis  because  of  their  inability  to 
meet  newly  established  govenment  standards  for  build 
ing  and  equipment.  They  also  find  it  difficult  to  re 
cruit  and  train  Christian  teachers.  The  fact  that  pastors 
act  as  principals  of  these  institutions,  mostly  for  the 
benefit  of  supplementing  their  salaries,  has  provided 
the  occasion  for  the  Ministry  of  Education  to  conduct 
a  study  of  the  pastor-directors. 

Educational  Association  of  Christian  Schools 

The  ninth  All  Japan  University  Conference  con 
vened  on  December  6-7,  1963  with  46  representatives 
from  19  universities.  The  high  school  division 
sponsored  two  training  courses  for  high  school  princi 
pals  and  assistants  on  September  18-20,  1963  and 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  193 

March  3-April  2,  1964  with  a  total  attendance  of  195 
from  89  schools.  The  elementary  school  division 
was  also  active  with  a  teachers'  conference  on  June 
27,  1963  and  an  elementary  school  principals  and 
assistants'  training  course  on  February  14-15,  1964 
with  201  from  108  schools  at  the  former  conference 
and  18  from  12  schools  at  the  latter.  Summer  con 
ferences  were  held  for  Bible  teachers  with  108  from 
63  schools,  for  teachers  in  Christian  schools  with  176 
from  54  schools,  and  a  training  course  for  office  workers 
with  176  from  47  schools.  Various  conferences  were 
held  in  the  Kanto,  Tohoku-Hokkaido,  Kansai  and 
Seinan  districts.  The  General  Conference  of  all 
divisions  was  held  on  December  23,  1963  with  103 
participants  from  66  schools. 

The  E.A.C.S.  also  was  engaged  in  a  number  of 
projects.  Study  projects  evaluating  the  present  status 
of  the  Christian  schools,  as  well  as  individual  projects, 
were  promoted.  Besides  the  minutes  of  the  General 
Conference  of  Elementary  School  Teachers,  the 
E.A.C.S.  published  a  monthly  newspaper,  "  Christian 
School  Education  ".  Indicative  of  the  evangelistic 
concern  of  the  schools  was  the  collection  of  ¥875,000 
from  41  schools  for  the  Christian  medical  work  in 
Taiwan. 

STATISTICS 

Full  Time 

Schools  Number  Teachers  Students 

Post-Gracluate  8                                                 U>82 

Universities  20  1,762  70,773 

Junior  Colleges  34  827  13,485 

Senior  High  Schools  80  2,020  59,961 

Junior  High  Schools  67  1,304  36,051 

Elementary  Schools  _17_  223                  4,977 

Total  226  6,136  186,329 


CHRISTIAN  EDUCATION 
DENOMINATIONAL  ASSOCIATION 

United  Church  of  Christ  Southern  Baptist 

(Kyodan)  53  Friends 

Episcopal  10  Church  of  Christ 

Southern  Presbyterian  Missouri  Lutheran 

Evangelical  Lutheran  :*  Free  Methodist 

American  Baptist  4  Other   (I.C.U.) 


CONCLUSION 

Christian  education  in  Japan  in  some  ways  is  the 
model  of  the  East.  To  some  of  its  schools  Christians 
from  other  Asian  countries  come  to  study,  and  Japa 
nese  professors  can  be  found  teaching  in  theological 
schools  outside  of  Japan.  In  spite  of  the  high  quality 
of  Christian  education,  it  is  continually  necessary  to 
re-examine  the  fundamental  educational  philosophy, 
policy,  and  program.  In  addition  to  the  questions 
already  raised  in  the  foregoing  pages,  a  few  more 
demand  consideration. 

Do  church  schools  exist  to  convey  the  Gospel  or 
do  they  merely  corner  the  children  for  an  hour  in 
some  formless  activity  ?  Do  theological  schools  re 
cognize  their  responsibility  of  training  pastors  who 
not  only  can  communicate  the  Gospel  in  words  and 
forms  which  the  ordinary  person  can  understand,  but 
who  also  can  lead  the  church  educational  program  ? 
One  theological  school,  until  recently,  had  one  course 
in  Christian  education — and  that  one  was  an  elective  ! 
Closely  connected  is  the  problem  of  academic  versus 
practical  theological  training.  In  spite  of  the  encourag 
ing  changes  in  curriculum  and  program,  there  is  need 
for  a  settlement  in  which  the  two  emphases  are 
combined  to  produce  a  scholarly  pastor-evangelist. 

Regarding  higher  education,  has  the  relationship  of 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS  195 

Christianity  to  the  curriculum  being  taught  received 
adequate  attention  in  developing  a  theology  of  Christian 
education  which  can  be  articulated  in  the  classroom  ? 
Since  education  in  Japan  is  greatly  influenced  by  the 
West,  it  would  seem  relevant  and  applicable  to  en 
courage  further  study  of  the  problem  with  the  grow 
ing  number  of  western  scholars  who  are  developing 
a  theology  of  education. 

These  and  many  more  questions  face  the  Christian 
educators.  The  problems  in  a  highly  organized  tech 
nological  society  are  many  ;  new  challenges  must  be 
met  each  day.  However,  with  firm  determination  to 
pursue  quality  and  a  willingness  to  be  lead  by  the 
Spirit  of  God,  the  schools  can  face  the  future  with 
growing  confidence. 


IV 
MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Edit.,  Gordon  Chapman 

CHAPTER  1 
EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN 

George  Hays 

Probably  no  country  in  the  world  has  undergone 
more  radical  changes  in  the  past  twenty  years  than 
Japan.  With  the  defeat  in  the  Pacific  War  came  the 
collapse  of  her  social  hierarchy,  the  disestablishment 
of  her  State  religion,  and  fearful  disillusionment  con 
cerning  her  own  destiny.  To  a  degree  the  social 
structure  has  been  restored,  even  in  the  midst  of  a 
heavy  dose  of  democratization  from  the  outside.  A 
culture  as  old  and  as  inborn  as  that  of  this  nation 
could  not  be  summarily  cast  aside  and  forgotten. 
With  remarkable  resilience  old  patterns  and  ways 
persist  so  that  culturally  Japan  is  still  a  complex  web 
of  relationships  borne  out  of  an  admixture  of  the 
Shinto  outlook  on  life,  Buddhist  philosophy,  Confucian 
ethics,  and  sealed  with  the  stamp  of  Japanese  in 
genuity.  The  nation  is  in  a  period  of  transition  in 
which  old  loyalties,  customs  and  thought  patterns  are 
being  called  in  question  and  in  some  instances  discard 
ed,  particularly  by  the  younger  generation.  Still  there 
is  constant  reference  to  the  cultural  heritage  and  this 
is  what  one  would  expect.  The  old  and  the  new 
exist  side  by  side  with  no  thought  of  incongruity. 
As  a  popular  English  language  radio  program  says  of 
Tokyo,  "One  can  turn  the  corner  and  the  present 
becomes  the  past." 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  197 

Urbanization  of  Japanese  Life 

One  of  the  most  evident  areas  of  transition  is  seen 
in  the  rapid  urbanization  created  by  the  expanding 
industrial  economy  of  the  nation.  To  feed  the  indus 
trial  machines  the  farmers,  in  particular  farm  youth, 
are  flocking  to  the  cities.  The  farm  population  has 
greatly  decreased  in  the  past  ten  years.  In  the  cities 
the  pattern  of  housing  is  changing  from  the  single 
dwelling  with  the  shop  either  over  or  behind  to  the 
mushrooming  apartment  houses.  This  has  brought 
about  a  breakdown  of  the  larger  family  unit  whereby 
the  grandparents  made  their  home  with  the  sons  and 
daughters.  Consequently,  filial  piety  has  been  strained, 
religious  ties  have  been  weakened,  time  honored  cus 
toms  are  observed  only  nominally  and  there  is  notice 
ably  less  respect  for  ancestors  on  the  part  of  the 
younger  generation. 

Young  people  coming  to  the  cities  lose  their  stability 
in  the  absence  of  parental  or  community  supervision. 
Often  they  become  lost  in  the  maze  of  the  industrial 
city.  With  no  moral  roots  or  fibre  there  is  a  growing 
problem  of  juvenile  delinquency.  Democracy  has 
brought  new  freedom  but  this  liberty  has  been  taken 
for  license  by  many  young  people. 

City  families  especially  have  their  problems  of 
discipline  of  children.  Since  the  schools  do  not  teach 
courses  in  ethics,  as  required  in  prewar  Japan,  the 
responsibility  of  moral  training  is  left  almost  entirely 
with  the  family  (where  it  primarily  belongs)  but 
modern  Japanese  families  are  not  prepared  for  this 
responsibility.  Juvenile  crimes  even  among  middle 
and  upper  class  families  are  not  uncommon,  a  phe 
nomenon  rare  in  prewar  Japan  because  of  the  com 
bination  of  discipline  by  the  home,  the  school  and  the 


198  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

community,  and   the  shame  emphasis  at    every    level. 

Current  Mood  and  Response  of  Japanese  Youth 

Western  culture  continues  to  have  tremendous  in 
fluence  though  in  general  Japanese  are  becoming 
more  critical  of  foreign  institutions  and  thought.  This 
follows  the  pattern  of  previous  generations.  Greater 
movement  of  Japanese  abroad  and  increased  emphasis 
upon  tourism  cause  greater  commingling  of  the  cultures. 
The  student  exchange  programs  of  the  universities, 
preparation  for  the  Olympic  Games  and  the  desire  to 
be  fully  restored  to  the  family  of  nations  are  evidences 
of  deliberate  attempts  at  cultural  exchange  in  spite  of 
the  dangers  involved.  The  main  result  has  been  an 
accelerated  secularism,  particularly  among  the  youth 
and  more  particularly  in  the  urban  areas. 

Having  said  all  of  this  one  sees  evidences  on  every 
hand  of  spiritual  unrest,  of  rootless  individuals  and 
families,  of  disillusioned  persons.  One  striking  evi 
dence  is  the  phenomenal  growth  of  the  new  religions 
in  the  postwar  years.  Elsewhere  in  this  volume  will 
be  found  elaboration  of  this  phenomenon.  Suffice  it 
to  say  here  that  Japan's  millions  are  in  spiritual  need, 
many  are  diligently  searching  for  the  answers  to  life's 
complex  problems,  and  others  are  ready  to  grab  at 
any  rope  thrown  to  them  for  salvation. 

The  Gospel  is  proclaimed  against  this  cultural  and 
social  background.  In  a  sense  the  radical  changes 
during  the  past  twenty  years  have  created  the  soil 
and  the  climate  in  which  the  response  to  the  Gospel 
has  had  its  most  significant  expression  in  the  history 
Christian  Missions  in  Japan.  Out  of  the  displaced, 
disillusioned,  rootless,  searching  youth  have  come 
most  of  the  converts  of  the  past  two  decades.  Where 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN 

the  religious  and  cultural  ties  have  grown  the  weakest 
have  come  the  most  serious  response.  Naturally, 
there  are  some  notable  exceptions  but  by  and  large 
the  harvest  has  been  gleaned  from  the  youth  whose 
roots  were  shallow.  The  immediate  postwar  years 
saw  an  eager,  almost  desperate,  response  to  evangelistic 
appeals.  Generally  speaking,  approximately  ten  percent 
followed  through  to  baptism  and  active  membership 
in  the  churches.  Today  the  response  is  not  as  great 
in  number  but  the  percentage  of  those  who  follow 
through  is  higher.  Some  have  observed  that  those 
who  do  respond  are  more  mature  and  stable  than  the 
average  in  former  years. 

Evangelistic  Concern 

There  is  a  continuing  and  growing  concern  for  evange 
lism  among  both  pastors  and  missionaries  and  among 
the  laity.  While  there  are  some  who  appear  to  be 
complacent  and  willing  to  let  the  people  come  to  them, 
many  Japanese  Christians  are  not  satisfied  with  tke 
pace  of  reception  of  the  Christian  faith.  After  more 
than  a  century  of  Protestant  work  only  about  one 
half  of  one  percent  of  the  population  are  baptized 
members  of  the  Protestant  churches.  Variously  esti 
mated,  since  no  rolls  are  kept,  several  hundred  thou 
sand  more  have  been  attracted  to  the  Christian  faith 
in  the  non-Church  movement.  Still  many  more  have 
been  influenced  by  Christian  ethical  principles.  In  any 
event  the  rate  of  increase  is  not  keeping  up  with  the 
rate  of  increase  of  the  population. 

One  characteristic  of  the  Japanese  Church  continues 
to  puzzle  the  western  observer.  This  is  the  size  of 
the  majority  of  local  churches,  usually  from  forty  to 
sixty  members  with  an  average  attendance  in  the 


MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

morning  worship  service    (the  service  emphasized    the 
most    and    most  faithfully  attended)    of    forty-one    for 
United    Church  churches  and  slightly  more  for    some 
smaller   groups.     The  "number  barrier"    has    become 
almost  a  complex.     Some  pastors  claim  they  can  take 
care    of    only    fifty    members    and    therefore    are    not 
interested    in    a    larger    congregation.       Because    the 
congregations    have    traditionally    been    pastor    center 
ed  groups  there  is  no  incentive  to  go   beyond.     With 
rising    costs  of  living  it  is  becoming  more  and    more 
difficult  for  local  churches  to  support  a  pastor  and  his 
family  when  their  numbers  are  small.     Consequently, 
the  result  is  dependence  on  subsidies  or  the  pastor  is 
forced    to  supplement  his  income  with  outside    work. 
The  problem  is  really  one  of  evangelism,  a   vision   of 
a    much  more  extensive  ministry,  with   increased    use 
lay  men  and  women.     Some  churches  have  pioneer 
ed    in    home    meetings,    a    teaching    ministry    in    the 
hurch  School,  and  an  intensive  program  of  visitation 
ave    gone    beyond    the    number    barrier.      Pro- 
e  pastoral  leadership,  evangelistic  preaching  and 
a  warm  hearted  congregation  are  essential  ingredients 
ot  this  enlarged  ministry. 

There    is    no  dearth  of  methods    and    programs    of 
igehsm  in  Japan.     Almost  every  conceivable  meth- 
been  tried  at  one  time  or  place.     The  catalogue 
-ides    the    following:     mass    evangelism    including 
tent  meetings,  street  preaching,  etc.  ;    mass 
lumcations  evangelism  including  radio,  television 
vspaper  or  ad-vangelism,  Christian  literature  of  all 
>,  especially  tract  distribution,   use  of  audio  visual 
s  etc.  ;  and  evangelism  variously  designated  as 
ation,  medical,  child,  labor,  rural,  student,  person 
al,  music,  visitation,  lay,  church  centered,  etc. 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  201 


United  Church  of  Christ  Ten  Year  Plan 

During  1963  there  were  a  number  of  programs  and 
methods  that  have  proved  to  be  significant  and  worth 
special  mention  here.  The  United  Church's  Ten  Year 
Plan  of  Evangelism  was  midway  in  its  preparatory 
first  stage  in  1963.  The  plan  has  two  main  emphases  : 
renewal  of  the  church  and  larger  parish  evangelism. 
The  latter  concept  moves  in  the  direction  of  carrying 
out  a  "long  range  evangelistic  plan  through  one  church 
in  a  definite  area  or  through  the  co-operation  of 
several  churches."  It  deemphasizes  "the  old  plan  of 
evangelism,  centered  in  each  local  church."  The  Ten 
Year  Plan  is  a  thoroughly  comprehensive  program 
designed  to  lay  the  responsibility  of  evangelism  on  the 
initiative  of  each  church  and  on  the  Kyoku  (district 
organizational  division) .  A  detailed  Evangelism  Com 
mittee  Handbook  became  available  in  March  1963. 

'L-Type  Evangelism* 

This  plan,  inaugurated  by  Dr.  Lawrence  Lacour, 
and  now  operated  under  Kyodan  auspices,  provides 
for  an  annual  visitation  of  a  team  of  ministers  from 
the  United  States  and  Canada  during  the  summer 
months.  In  1963  the  team  consisted  of  fourteen  minis 
ters  and  seven  wives.  They  were  assigned  to  fifteen 
evangelistic  centers  throughout  Hokkaido,  where  for 
a  period  of  50  days  they  lived  in  Japanese  style,  being 
accommodated  in  the  homes  of  pastors,  lay  people 
and  Japanese  inns,  with  each  accompanied  by  a  suita 
ble  interpreter.  Many  of  the  churches  were  located 
in  depressed  mining  areas  where  there  was  much  e- 
conomic  and  spiritual  distress  among  the  people 
affected.  By  the  end  of  the  summer  church  attendance 


202  MISSION  OF  THE  CHRUCH 

was  doubled,  there  were  22  baptisms,  121  under  prepa 
ration  for  baptism,  897  seekers  who  had  come  forward 
in  the  meetings,  and  local  churches  were  blessed  with 
other  fruitful  results,  especially  with  new  evangelistic 
zeal. 

Evangelistic  Campaigns  and  Crusades 

One  of  the  most  massive  and  extensive  evangelistic 
campaigns  of  the  postwar  period  was  the  Japan  Baptist 
Convention's  New  Life  Movement  in  the  spring  of 
1963.  Much  of  the  organizational  format  and  purpose 
was  delineated  in  the  1963  volume  of  the  Christian 
Year  Book  and  the  campaign  itself  is  treated  in  Section 
II  of  the  1964  volume  in  connection  with  the  report  of 
the  Baptist  Churches.  This  campaign  was  unique  in 
that  it  involved  the  active  participation  of  at  least  six 
hundred  ministers  and  laymen  from  the  United  States 
who  came  to  Japan  at  their  own  expense  to  give  their 
Christian  witness. 

Mention  should  also  be  made  of  the  inter-denomi 
national  city-wide  evangelist  crusade  efforts  of  the 
Rev.  Koji  Honda  and  his  associates,  which  have  been 
held  in  many  of  the  Japanese  cities.  Through  these 
mass  meetings,  held  in  the  largest  auditoriums  availa 
ble,  the  unsaved  have  received  a  Christian  witness 
and  new  converts  have  been  added  to  the  churches, 
which  have  cooperated  in  the  systematic  follow-up. 
All  churches  and  pastors  are  invited  to  participate  on 
condition  that  they  accept  "the  Bible  as  the  fully 
inspired  infallible  Word  of  God,  the  only  rule  of  faith 
and  practice".  Such  interdenominational  mass  evange 
lism  demonstrates  the  essential  unity  of  the  churches, 
contributes  to  closer  Christian  fellowship,  and  enlists 
laymen  in  a  more  active  Gospel  witness. 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  203 

Not  only  public  auditoriums  but  large  tents  are  used 
for  pioneer  mass  evangelism,  especially  in  the  rural 
area  where  there  are  45,000  villages  with  little  Chris 
tian  witness.  A  tested  technique  is  to  invite  the 
children  of  the  village  for  a  special  meeting  from 
about  four  to  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  When 
the  children  are  sent  home  they  take  Gospel  tracts 
and  invitations  to  evening  meetings  for  adults  only  or 
for  high  school  young  people.  A  clean,  white,  well- 
lighted  tent  in  the  summertime  is  an  invitation  to 
many  to  forsake  their  TV  sets,  get  out  into  the 
fresh  air,  and  hear  about  the  Christian  faith  for  the 
first  time. 

Literature  and  Ad-vangelism 

Because  of  Japan's  high  rate  of  literacy,  the  wide 
spread  distribution  of  Christian  literature  is  an  effective 
method  of  seed  sowing  evangelism,  not  to  mention 
the  nurture  of  believers  in  the  faith.  For  example, 
the  Every  Home  Crusade  which  aims  to  give  suitable 
Gospel  tracts  to  every  family  in  Japan,  has  completed 
70%  of  the  second  phase  of  vthis  program,  which  has 
enlisted  the  cooperation  of  the  churches.  This  has 
involved  the  distribution  of  36  million  items.  Re 
sponses  have  averaged  one  thousand  a  month  and  have 
totaled  about  90  thousand  to  date.  Those  who  re 
spond  are  given  further  Christian  guidance  through 
literature  and  are  enrolled  in  a  Bible  correspondence 
course.  Each  seeker  is  introduced  to  a  suitable  church 
and  the  pastor  is  urged  to  make  a  personal  contact. 

Newspaper  or  Ad-rangelism  has  for  many  years  been 
a  fruitful  medium  for  the  introduction  of  the  Gospel 
to  Japanese  homes.  The  Gospel -acl  in  a  newspaper 
repeatedly  calls  the  attention  of  the  readers  to  the 


204  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Gospel  message.  Interested  inquirers  are  encouraged 
to  communicate  with  Christian  workers,  who  are 
glad  to  answer  their  questions,  furnish  them  with 
literature  suited  to  their  needs,  enroll  them  in  corre 
spondence  Bible  study,  and  introduce  each  to  the 
nearest  church. 

Olympics  Evangelism 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  Olympic  com 
petition  an  Asian  city  has  been  chosen  as  the  site  of 
an  Olympiad.  The  Japanese  nation  has  not  taken 
this  responsibility  lightly  and  Tokyo  has  engaged  in 
massive  building  operations  in  order  to  be  fully  prepar 
ed  for  this  great  event.  The  Christian  churches  have 
also  been  mindful  of  their  responsibility  and  plans 
are  under  way  to  provide  adequate  worship  opportuni 
ties  for  the  many  foreign  guests,  and  services  in  a 
number  of  foreign  languages  will  be  available  in 
various  local  churches,  where  special  evangelistic  servi 
ces  will  also  be  held. 

The  various  Christian  agencies  are  also  preparing  to 
buy  up  the  evangelistic  opportunity  which  the  occasion 
will  afford.  Publishers  of  Christian  literature  are 
making  elaborate  plans  to  publish  suitable  Scripture 
portions  and  tracts  for  widespread  distribution.  For 
example,  twenty  four  laymen  of  one  group  are  coming 
from  the  U.  S.  to  conduct  an  "Olympic  Crusade", 
equipped  with  2  million  Japanese  tracts  and  gospels. 
It  is  estimated  that  a  total  of  at  least  20  million  tracts 
and  gospels  are  being  printed  for  distribution  in  Japan 
at  the  time  of  the  Olympiad. 

Evangelist  Koji  Honda  will  conduct  an  Olympic 
Crusade  in  Tokyo,  September  7-11,  1964.  This  is 
only  one  of  a  number  of  evangelistic  campaigns  which 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  205 

are  being  conducted  during  this  year. 

The  Layman  as  Evangelist 

Probably  no  more  significant  development  can  be 
cited  than  the  emphasis  upon  training  and  using  the 
laymen  in  evangelism.  Churches  are  discovering  two 
important  things  about  their  ministry.  One  is  that 
the  number  of  people  who  voluntarily  come  to  the 
church  is  small.  In  the  second  place  if  the  church 
is  to  reach  any  person  he  must  be  reached  where  he 
lives  or  where  he  works.  Moreover,  the  laymen  of 
the  church  need  the  spiritual  experience  and  blessing 
of  witnessing  in  their  occupations.  One  missionary 
evangelist,  a  Navigator,  (Hugh  Harris),  who  has 
had  an  effective  ministry  in  this  area  writes :  "Japan 
has  taken  her  place  as  a  leading  nation  in  the 
world  of  trade  and  manufacturing.  It  is  the  busi 
ness  man  who  is  to  a  large  extent  responsible  for 
the  realization  of  the  phenomenal  change  which  has 
come  about  in  the  postwar  years.  Caught  up  in  the 
desperate  world  of  business  pressure  and  compromise 
the  average  man,  whether  executive,  office  worker, 
or  factory  hand,  has  little  time  to  give  serious  thought 
to  God  or  things  spiritual.  Baffled  at  the  church's 
seeming  preoccupation  with  theology  and  philosophy, 
the  man  in  business  finds  little  help  for  his  personal 
problems.  So  across  the  lunch  table,  in  the  coffee 
shop,  at  the  office  or  factory,  in  the  home,  we  seek 
to  present  Jesus  Christ  as  the  one  redeeming, 
unchangeable  factor  in  a  world  of  change  and  flux. 
Through  personal  contact  and  in  small  group  fellow 
ships  Christians  are  encouraged  to  demonstrate  the 
reality  and  relevancy  of  Jesus  to  the  needs  of  man. 
Opportunities  for  ministry  are  created  either  with  in- 


206  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

dividuals  or  on  the  group  level,  thus  giving  the 
Christian  a  chance  to  express  his  faith  in  practical 
terms  to  those  who  may  be  interested  and  seeking." 

Closely  allied  with  the  foregoing  is  the  increasing 
witness  of  layman  in  industry.  One  who  has  had 
deep  concern  and  wide  experience  in  this  field  writes 
as  follows:  "The  basic  principle  in  evangelism  in 
this  area  is  that  it  is  the  Christian,  in  the  factory, 
in  the  housing  project,  in  the  bank  or  office,  in  the 
railway  workers'  or  any  other  union,  that  is  the  evangel 
ist,  'he  who  shows  forth  the  joy  that  is  in  him  for 
knowing  Jesus  Christ  as  his  Lord  and  Saviour.' 

It  is  on  this  principle  that  the  numerous  Bible 
Classes  or  Study  Groups  meet  every  week  in  factories 
and  offices  all  over  the  land.  Christian  business  men 
meet  for  week-day  prayer  sessions ;  Christians  in 
specific  work  situations  meet  together  for  encourage 
ment  in  making  their  witness  in  difficult  places,  as 
for  example,  Christians  in  labor  union  leadership 
positions,  Christians  who  are  numbers  of  the  Diet, 
Christians  in  public  school  teaching,  etc.  However, 
the  evangelism  that  is  most  effective  and  permanent 
is  that  which  contributes  to  the  establishment  of  active 
local  churches.  A  new  Christian  requires  the  fellow 
ship  of  his  brothers  and  sisters  in  Christ  and  all 
Christians  need  the  warmth  and  encouragement  of 
their  colleagues  for  their  own  growth,  for  witness 
and  for  the  building  up  of  the  Body  of  Christ. 

Developments  in  Training  for  Evangelism 
Child  Evangelism  Institute 

Capitalizing  on  the  fact  that  60%  of  the  world's 
converts  are  children,  with  30%  adolescents  and  only 
10%  adults,  the  Japan  Child  Evangelism  Fellow 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  207 

ship,  as  elsewhere,  has  taken  the  lead  in  the  promo 
tion  of  this  kind  of  evangelism.  The  new  Child 
Evangelism  Institute  gives  training  in  ''How  to  evangel 
ize  children.  .  .  .  how  to  teach  others  to  evangelize 
children.  .  .  .  and  how  to  organize  and  supervise  the 
over-all  program  of  evangelism  of  children  on  the 
local  field."  A  new  program  called  "The  Weekday 
Home  Bible  Class  Movement"  provides  an  opportunity 
for  active  Christians  to  have  a  part  in  evangelizing 
children  by  opening  their  homes  and  teaching  in 
neighborhood  classes.  Such  home  classes  "Provide 
an  informal  environment  and  effectively  bridge  the 
gulf  of  parental  indifference  while  escaping  the  barrier 
of  religions  prejudice".  Unchurched  are  directed  into 
nearby  Sunday  Schools.  Through  the  child,  entrance 
is  often  gained  into  the  heart  and  home  of  parents. 
In  fact  the  child's  own  witness  often  results  in  bring 
ing  the  parents  to  Christ. 

Evangelism  Seminars 

The  2  nd  Annual  All-Japan  Evangelism  Seminar 
was  held  for  three  days  at  the  Kobe  Central  Church, 
October  8  to  10,  1963,  with  300  workers  of  various 
denominations  in  attendance.  Some  25  speakers  direct 
ed  the  consideration  of  the  various  phases  of  evange 
lism.  The  next  seminar  will  be  the  "Asian  Congress 
on  Evangelism"  held  in  connection  with  the  Tokyo 
Olympic  Crusade,  September  5-13  in  the  Bunkyo  Ku 
auditorium. 


208 


MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 


CHAFFER  2 


RADIO  AND  TELEVISION  EVANGELISM 

Willam  Hulet 

Mass  communication  in  Japan  via  airways  is  of  such 
extreme  importance  that  the  Government  maintains 
strict  control  of  the  approvals  for  transmitting  facilities. 
Though  the  individual  programs  may  vary  greatly 
both  in  content  and  in  degree  of  technical  excellence 
of  preparation,  the  government  allows  the  Commercial 
Station  management  great  latitude  in  their  use  of 
material.  Thus  while  Christian  Broadcasting  by  Chris 
tian  agencies  is  not  easily  financed  the  door  is  open 
to  a  broad  use  of  contracted  time  on  commercial  Sta 
tions. 

Total  religious  broadcasts  include  Protestant,  Ca 
tholic,  Buddhist,  New  Religions  and  Shinto.  The 
chart  below  indicates  the  percentage  of  the  total  re 
ligious  broadcast  week  used  by  these  five  groups. 
From  this  it  is 
quite  obvious  that 
the  major  portion 
of  the  religious 
broadcast  week  is 
being  used  by  the 
Christian  forces. 
There  are  at  least 
nineteen  sponsors 
for  the  Protestant 
broadcasts.  These 
are  widely  repre 
sentative  of  the 


Shinto  2:  35  hours  3.15?s 


EVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  209 

various  church  and  mission  agencies  in  Japan  at  this 
time.  Some  of  these  have  plans  to  increase  their  out 
lets  during  at  least  a  part  of  the  Olympic  year. 

Protestant  broadcasts  can  be  heard  in  some  measure 
in  all  areas  of  Japan.  The  direct  Gospel  presentation 
as  used  by  Rev.  Akira  Hitori  in  the  programs  Yo  No 
Hikari  and  Ikoi  No  Mado  have  brought  in  excellent 
responses.  The  1963  count  by  Pacific  Broadcasting 
Association  reveals  that  these  two  programs  average 
309  new  contacts  per  month.  These  programs  are  on 
88  of  Japan's  commercial  stations. 

Christian  drama  presentations  vary  from  Biblical 
accounts  to  those  based  on  life  testimonies  of  Japanese 
Christians.  The  Luthern  Center  and  AVACO  major 
in  this  format  for  programs.  Mr.  Mathew  Ogawa  of 
AVACO  writes,  "Ever  since  the  program  ulitizing 
the  real  testimony  of  Christians  was  produced  the  re 
sponse  has  increased  greatly."  They  receive  approxi 
mately  1,500  mail  responses  per  month  to  this  type  of 
broadcast. 

Spanning  Japan  from  HOREMCO  in  Hokkaido,  a 
young  aggressive  organization,  to  the  Reformed  Church 
in  Fukuoka,  an  established  well  organized  broadcast 
ministry,  there  is  the  use  of  multiple  plans  for  effective 
follow-up.  Pastoral  calls,  Gospel  portions,  corre 
spondence  study  courses,  circulating  library  books,  are 
but  a  few  of  the  diverse  forms  of  follow-up  which 
are  proving  most  successful. 

The  Luthern  Hour,  with  a  long  background  of  thir 
teen  years  experience  in  Japan,  gives  valuable  illustra 
tion  of  the  effectiveness  of  broadcasts  when  combined 
with  adequate  follow-up.  The  first  broadcast  brought 
responses  from  35  listeners  but  now  thirteen  years 
later  each  broadcast  averages  more  than  750  requests 
for  the  Bible  Correspondence  Course,  1954  marked 


oiO  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

a  new  development  with  the  offering  of  a  Braille 
edition  of  the  Bible  Course,  with  more  than  5,000 
having  studied  of  Christ  during  the  past  decade.  The 
records  of  the  thirteen  years  further  reveal  that  more 
than  400,000  have  studied  the  Correspondence 
Course  with  40,000  having  completed  the  entire  course. 
This  broadcast  has  distributed  more  than  90,000  New 
Testaments. 

Challenging  also  is  the  report  of  Rev.  James  A. 
McAlpine  of  the  Japan  Mission  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  the  US.  This  program  which  started  in 
late  1952  and  is  aired  weekly  has  definite  reported 
baptisms  equal  to  the  membership  of  from  3  to  4 
average  size  churches  in  Japan!  In  addition  there  are 
many  hearers  who  have  affiliated  themselves  with 
other  Christian  groups. 

A  special  audience  program  which  has  had  an    ex 
cellent  response  is  called  "Children  of  Light"   and  is1 
directed     to     children.       Produced     by    P.  B.  A.    this 
program    has    used    a  childrens  choir    and    an    appeal 
for  the  Children  to  enroll  in  a  special  Bible  course. 

The  use  of  basic  program  content  with  ''plugs"  to 
attract  local  attention  and  interest  is  used  widely.  P. 
B.  A.  thus  produces  a  basic  package  program  for  a 
number  of  sponsors  over  the  Nation.  The  addition 
of  the  local  announcements,  and  contact  points,  enables 
various  sponsors  to  have  a  local  broadcast  of  high 
program  standards  with  a  minimum  of  expense. 

The  actual  securing  of  radio  time,  advantageous 
hours,  and  the  Public  Relations  involved  in  such  tran- 
sations  is  another  arm  of  the  PBA  activity.  Their 
work  in  this  area  not  only  aids  in  the  procurement  of 
contracts  for  time,  but  also  may  enable  the  broadcaster 
to  secure  a  reduced  price  for  air  time. 

The    Far    East  Broadcasting  Company    receives,    in 


MVANGELISM  IN  JAPAN  2ll 

their  Tokyo  office,  almost  all  the  Japanese  language 
programs  and  airs  them  across  the  Nation  via  short 
wave  each  evening.  The  major  audience  for  these 
broadcasts  is  among  the  University  group.  Propaga 
tion  effectiveness  through  shortwave  radio  channels 
varies  greatly  with  the  atmospheric  changes.  How 
ever,  there  has  been  a  consistently  excellent  reception 
of  these  Japanese  language  programs  in  Brazil.  Thus 
the  radio  Broadcasting  departments  of  the  various 
groups  in  Japan  are  actually  sending  the  message  of 
Christ  around  the  world.  These  programs  are  also 
relayed  to  Okinawa  where  they  are  aired  over  K.  S. 
D.  X.,  the  Far  East  Broadcasting  Company  Japanese 
language  station. 

Television  has  not  been  as  much  exploited  as  the 
radio.  AVACO  and  P.  B.  A.  have  worked  on  the 
basis  of  special  seasonal  or  series  telecasts  such  as 
AVACO's  Christmas  Eve  Candle  Service.  Fifteen  of 
the  53  telecasts  on  the  "Religious  Hour'  were  broad 
cast  by  AVACO.  These  have  consistently  brought  a 
larger  audience  response  than  has  radio  in  the  same 
area  of  audience  potential.  Yet  it  should  be  under 
stood  that  frequently  the  "mail  pull"  on  TV  has  been 
of  a  more  attractive  type  than  that  used  on  radio. 
Telecasts  have  not  as  yet  been  as  consistent  in  use  as 
the  radio.  The  actual  figures  do  show  that  the  re 
sponse  to  TV  so  far  in  1964  has  been  substantially 
better  than  in  1963. 

The  Broadcasting  field  has  another  valuable  associ 
ated  ministry.  The  use  of  records  both  for  teaching 
and  for  quality  music  has  been  increasingly  developed 
during  the  past  fiscal  year.  The  Pacific  Broadcasting 
Association  has  established  a  department  for  "Hikari 
Records'  which  has  distributed  3,500  records  in  one 
year.  The  Ilikari  records  are  provided  by  Gospel 


v1:>  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Recordings,  Inc.  They  play  seven  minutes  to  a  side 
and  include  music,  personal  testimony,  and  a  message 
by  Rev.  Akira  Hatori  in  the  series  of  three  records. 

The  International  Family  Records  organization 
which  is  represented  by  Far  East  Broadcasting  Com 
pany  has  produced  an  LP  record  of  Christian  Music 
utilizing  a  Japanese  Conductor  working  with  Japanese 
arrangers  and  artists.  This  record  is  having  an  ex 
cellent  reception. 

Audio-visual  Evangelism 

Such  agencies  as  AVACO,  the  New  Life  League, 
and  TEAM-AVID  are  also  engaged  in  the  production 
and  distribution  of  audio-visual  aid  materials  which 
are  widely  used  in  the  churches  of  Japan.  Such 
materials  as  Christian  movie  films,  slides,  filmstrips, 
tapes,  "kamishibai"  (picture  story  cards),  flannelgraph 
materials  and  so  on  are  available  for  rental  or  sale  ; 
with  projection  equipment  available  for  loan  to  church 
es  and  other  Christian  institutions.  AVACO  also 
conducts  workshops  and  seminars  for  the  training  of 
people  in  the  various  aspects  of  the  production  and 
use  of  audio-visual  aids  as  an  important  adjunct  of 
religious  education  and  evangelism.  This  training 
program  includes  the  publication  of  manuals  which 
explain  the  use  of  AV  materials  in  church  school 
teaching  and  evangelism.  More  than  3,000  copies 
were  sold  in  1963.  During  the  year,  AVACO  expand 
ed  its  services  to  other  Asian  countries,  with  the  Asia 
office,  located  in  the  AVACO  building,  processing 
the  many  orders  for  audiovisual  aids  and  equipment. 

Some  additional  account  of  evangelistic  activities 
in  Japan  will  be  found  in  other  articles  of  the  Japan 
Christian  Year  Book. 


CHAPTER  3 
OVERSEAS  MISSION 

Chuzo  Yamada 

World  War  II  has  had  a  very  deep  effect  upon 
the  sending  of  people  out  from  Japan  to  other  Asian 
countries.  First  of  all,  Japan  was  considered  an 
enemy  country  and  missionaries  had  not  heen  readily 
welcomed.  Secondly,  militarism  and  the  war  had 
its  effect  upon  the  strength  of  the  church  within 
Japan.  Thirdly,  the  economy  of  Japan  has  been  such 
that  it  was  difficult  to  send  anyone  out  of  the  country. 
But  now  these  situations  have  changed. 

Through  the  assistance  of  the  East  Asia  Christian 
Conference,  the  individual  churches  of  the  Asian 
nations  have  become  aware  of  each  other  and  of  the 
common  problems  which  they  face.  National  political 
differences  have  improved  considerably  since  the  end 
of  the  war.  Also  the  church  in  Japan  even  though 
it  is  not  yet  large,  has  been  considerably  strengthened 
as  compared  with  its  prewar  condition.  Therefore 
we  are  moving  into  a  new  age  of  possibilities. 

Requests  have  come  from  churches  in  Asia  to  the 
church  in  Japan  asking  for  personal  assistance.  Some 
missionaries  have  already  been  sent  out  from  Japan. 
However  in  all  fairness  we  must  say  that  the  church 
in  Japan  does  not  yet  have  the  deep  soul  winning 
passion,  or  the  thoroughgoing  spirit  of  self  sacrifice 
desirable  in  a  mission-minded  cnurch. 

United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan's  Commission  of  Over 
seas  Evangelism 

Within    the  framework  of  the  United   Church    this 


214  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Commission  has  just  recently  achieved  its  present 
status.  At  first  its  policy  was  to  meet  the  requests 
to  undertake  evangelism  among  Japanese  overseas 
residents.  However,  now  this  situation  has  changed, 
and  the  Commission  endeavors  to  send  missionaries 
wherever  there  is  a  need  expressed,  regardless  of 
denomination,  or  national  origin. 

1.  During  the  past  year  the  chairman  of  this  Com 
mission,  Gosaku  Okada,  has  made  trips  to   Okinawa, 
Taiwan,  Hong  Kong,  and  Thailand.     This  represents 
a    very    significant    development  in  the    work    of    the 
Commission. 

2.  March  8-11,   1963,  eighty-five  Christian    leaders 
of   Asia  met  for  four  days  at  the  Baptist    conference 
center,    Amagisan-so,  under  the  auspices  of  the    East 
Asia    Christian    Council    to    discuss    the    problems    of 
East    Asia  and  means  for  better  co-ordination  of    the 
activities    of    Christian   churches  and    other    agencies. 
During  this  Conference,  a  representative  of  the  Presby 
terian    Church  of  Taiwan  met  with    the    Commission 
and  the  possibility  of  mutual  assistance  was  discussed. 
An    agreement  was  drawn  up  regarding  the    possibil 
ities  of  exchange  of  personnel  and  this  agreement  has 
been  approved  by  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Taiwan 
Church. 

3.  During  the    past    year    three    new    missionaries 
have  been  sent  from  Japan. 

a.  The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Hiraku  Iwai  have  been 
sent  to  a  congregation  of  the  United  Church 
of  Canada  at  Alberta  in  May,   1963. 

b.  Miss    Nobuko    Minami    has    been    sent    to 
Kenya,  Africa  to  teach  in    a    Kindergarten 
Training  School  for  one  year.     She  is    the 
head  of  the  Hokuriku  Girls  School  Kinder 
garten  Training  Department. 


OVERSEAS  MISSION  215 

c.  The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Kunichi  Hanamori  have 
been  sent  to  Bolivia  in  South  America. 
They  go  with  the  object  of  doing  evange 
lism  and  establishing  a  school  among  the 
Okinawan  emigrants  there.  They  left  Japan 
in  February  of  1964. 

4.  Three    missionaries    have    completed    their    as 
signments  and  have  returned  to  Japan. 

a.  Mr.  Kenzo  Yoshida  has  returned  from  Alla 
habad,  India  where  he    has    been    teaching 
in    the    Agricultural  Institute   for    the    past 
three  years. 

b.  The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Masaaki  Nakajima  have 
returned  from  Westfield  Presbyterian  Church 
New  Jersey,  USA,  where  he  served  as  as 
sociate  pastor. 

c.  The    Rev.  Kaoru  Yamashiro    has    been    in 
Okinawa    for    the    past    three    years    as    a 
pastor  of  a  congregation. 

This  leaves  some  fifteen  pastors  and  theological 
teachers  still  serving  overseas. 

5.  As    a    part    of    the    work    of    this    Commission 
students    from    Korea    have    received    scholarships    to 
study  to  Japan. 

6.  ¥3,947,733    was  contributed    for    the   overseas 
mission  in  1963. 

The  Japan  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church 

For  the  first  time  in  its  history  the  Lutheran  Church 
in  Japan  is  sending  a  missionary  from  its  ranks  to  a 
foreign  country.  An  Overseas  Kvangelism  Committee 
had  been  established  in  1964  by  the  church  with  a 
view  to  projecting  a  ten  year  program. 

a.     The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Hiroshi  Fujii  left  Japan 


216  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

in  June  of  1964  for  Brazil.  They  will  serve 
as  evangelistic  missionaries  under  the  Lu 
theran  Church  in  Brazil.  Though  they  will 
undoubtedly  work  among  Japanese  emi 
grants  they  will  not  confine  their  efforts  to 
this  people  alone. 

It  is  the  plan  of  the  Lutheran  Church  to  send  three 
more  missionary  families  to  Brazil  over  the  next  ten 
years. 

Japan  Baptist  Convention 

Following  many  years  of  prayer  and  preparation 
the  Japan  Baptist  Convention  officially  determined  at 
its  1963  Annual  Convention  to  undertake  its  second 
venture  in  overseas  mission,  the  first  being  Okinawa. 
The  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Nobuyoshi  Togami  were  appointed 
for  service  in  Brazil,  and  after  further  education  in 
the  United  States  will  be  located  at  Sao  Paulo. 

Baptist  Union  Hong  Kong  Conference 

The  Hong  Kong  World  Conference  of  Mission  of 
the  Baptist  Union,  sponsored  by  the  American  Board, 
was  held  in  Hong  Kong  from  December  26,  1963  to 
January  7,  1964.  There  were  59  participants  from 
11  places  including  North  and  South  India,  Japan, 
Okinawa,  Hong  Kong,  the  Philippines,  Thailand  and 
West  Congo.  From  Japan  seven  persons,  of  whom 
five  were  delegates  and  two  observers,  were  pre 
sent  at  the  assembly.  They  were  the  Rev.  Masa- 
yuki  Sawano,  General  Secretary  of  the  Union,  the 
Rev.  Noah  Brannen,  missionary  and  field  secretary, 
the  Rev.  Hisayoshi  Saito,  chairman  of  the  Executive 
Board,  the  Rev.  Yoshio  Taisho,  Chairman  of  the 
Youth  Division,  Mrs.  Ayako  Hino,  Chairman  for 


OVERSEAS  MISSION  217 

Asia    and    Vice-Chairman  of  the  Assembly,    and    the 
two  observers. 

At  the  conference  the  Reverend  Mr.  Saito  gave  his 
witness  in  a  talk  on,  "How  can  we  show  our  faith 
to  the  people  in  the  world." 

The  Japan  Christian  Medical  Association 

This  is  an  inter-denominational  organization.  It  was 
begun  shortly  after  World  War  II  by  Christian  doctors 
and  nurses  who  wished  to  aid  the  peoples  in  Southeast 
Asia.  Since  that  time  it  has  been  sending  medical 
doctors  and  nurses  to  countries  where  they  have  been 
needed.  It  has  also  been  offering  the  opportunity  for 
East  Asian  doctors  to  receive  a  scholarship  for  study 
for  a  period  of  up  to  one  year.  At  present  it  has 
twelve  doctors  and  nurses  altogether  in  the  Philippines, 
Nepal,  Indonesia  and  Taiwan. 

a.  Dr.   Kyuya  Tamura  has  been  sent  to  Indo 
nesia  to  assist  in  a  hospital  there. 

b.  Dr.     Noboru  Nomura  has  recently  returned 
to  Japan.     He  intends  to  resign  his  position 
in    the    University    here   and    return    on    a 
permanent  basis  to  Nepal. 

In  the  past  year  Japanese  doctors  in  Taiwan  joined 
together  with  Taiwanese  doctors  to  carry  out  an  itiner 
ant  medical  mission.  They  went  into  remote  areas 
in  order  to  give  medical  examination  and  treatment 
to  local  residents  without  such  facilities. 

Association  for  Relief  of  Leprosy  in  Asia 

The  rather  newly  organized  Japan  Leprosy  Mission 
has  taken  for  its  first  project  the  raising  of  fifty 
million  yen  ($  140,000)  for  the  erection  of  a  hospital 
in  Northern  India ;  for  which  purpose  the  Telipars 


218  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Cooperative  Farm  Society  has  donated  400  acres  of 
land.  Starting  as  a  clinic  this  is  being  developed 
into  a  100  bed  hospital,  equipped  to  handle  a  thousand 
out-patients  a  day. 

The  association  also  hopes  to  extend  aid  to  other 
Asian  countries,  including  Burma,  Pakistan,  Indonesia 
and  Thailand.  A  goal  of  150  million  yen  has  been 
set  to  be  raised  in  three  years  through  public  donations. 

The  central  figure  in  this  medical  mission  enterprise 
is  Dr.  Matsunori  Miyazaki,  a  member  of  the  Kyodan 
Shirakawa  Church  in  Kumamoto ;  a  city  long  associ 
ated  with  the  home  for  lepers  established  by  Miss 
H.  Riddell  of  the  Anglican  Church. 

Overseas  Work  of  Other  Japanese  Societies 

The  World  Service  Program  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
provides  for  the  exchange  of  workers  between  coun 
tries.  Three  secretaries  have  been  sent  abroad  by  the 
Japan,  "Y",  including  Kazuo  Yamada  who  went  to 
Peru  in  1963  as  a  fraternal  secretary. 

Japanese  Evangelical  Overseas  Mission  is  an  inter- 
church  agency  which  has  been  acting  in  a  liaison 
capacity  in  the  sending  of  itinerant  evangelists  to  such 
countries  as  Formosa,  the  Philippines,  Australia  and 
New  Zealand.  It  is  apparently  not  the  purpose  of 
this  group  to  establish  permanent  missions  in  other 
countries.  Reiji  Oyama  was  sent  to  Korea  in  De 
cember  of  1963  and  remained  there  for  one  month. 
Miss  Hisako  Hotta  was  sent  to  Formosa  in  May  of 
1964  as  an  evangelist.  Oftentimes  missionaries  have 
gone  forth  in  order  to  foster  better  fraternal  relations 
between  Asiatic  churches. 

The  Japan  Alliance  Church  has  been  supporting  a 
lady  missionary,  Miss  Mitsuko  Ninomiya,  in  Brazil  dur- 


OVERSEAS  MISSION  219 

ing  the  past  five  years.  She  is  carrying  on  work  both  for 
Brazilians  and  Japanese  immigrants,  and  has  been  in 
strumental  in  establishing  churches  and  a  school  for 
Brazilian  children.  A  recent  graduate  of  the  Alliance 
Bible  School,  will  join  her  this  year. 

The  Japan  Holiness  Church,  with  which  the  Ori 
ental  Missionary  Society  is  affiliated,  has  been  support 
ing  four  missionaries,  a  couple  and  two  single  women, 
for  work  in  Okinawa  and  Brazil. 

The  Immanuel  General  Mission  has  sent  three 
students  to  the  Yeotmal  Biblical  Seminary  (Wesleyan 
Mission) ,  two  for  the  full  course,  in  order  to  quicken 
their  interest  and  enthusiasm  for  missionary  work. 
They  have  actually  engaged  in  evangelistic  work  dur 
ing  their  spare  time,  and  it  is  hoped  that  they  will 
later  accept  permanent  assignments  in  this  land. 

The  Evangelical  Free  Church  of  Japan  has  sent 
Miss  Sumie  Yokouchi  to  Malaysia  as  an  evangelist, 
and  also  have  a  worker  in  Okinawa. 

The  Pacific  Broadcasting  Association  has  furnished 
two  Japanese  radio  specialists  for  the  great  Latin- 
American  station  at  Quito,  Ecuador,  which  is  operated 
by  the  World  Radio  Missionary  Fellowship. 

A  Chinese  Mission  in  Formosa  is  utilizing  the 
services  of  Miss  Toshiko  Suzuki  as  an  evangelist 
among  Japanese  speaking  people,  although  her  support 
comes  from  churches  in  Japan.  She  will  soon  be 
joined  by  Miss  Keiko  Kobayashi.  Both  are  graduates 
of  the  Japan  Christian  College,  from  which  four  mis 
sionaries  have  gone  out  in  recent  years. 

It  is  reliably  reported  that  move  than  fifty  Japanese 
missionaries  are  now  serving  overseas.  This  does  not 
include  those  who  are  serving  under  the  auspices  of 
mission  boards  of  Western  churches. 


CHAPTER  4 
CHRISTIAN  PUBLICATIONS  IN  1963 


According  to  reliable  estimates,  Japan  has  more 
publishers,  and  the  amount  of  printed  matter  produced 
is  greater  than  any  nation  in  the  world.  Indeed,  Japan 
ranks  very  high  in  the  number  of  books  and  magazines 
produced  and  boasts  newspapers  with  the  largest  circu 
lation  in  the  world.  Such  prodigious  literary  produc 
tion  is  based  on  a  high  degree  of  literacy  and  a  very 
avid  reading  public.  Thus  Christian  literature  is  al 
ways  in  keen  competition,  not  only  with  a  great  variety 
of  general  publications,  but  especially  with  those  of 
numerous  religious  sects.  Furthermore,  if  Christian 
books,  periodicals  and  tracts  are  to  appeal  to  the  a- 
verage  reader,  they  must  conform  to  high  standards 
of  literary  quality  and  format. 

By  and  large,  the  Japanese  people  are  conservative 
in  nature,  quite  unobtrusive  and  prone  to  utilize  the 
indirect  approach.  Thus  they  are  not  so  readily  re 
sponsive  to  the  Western  type  of  direct  and  open  ap 
peal.  Communists  and  other  subversive  propagandists 
have  taken  advantage  of  this  fact  and  utilize  the  printed 
page  far  more  than  more  direct  methods.  It  is  for 
this  reason,  too,  that  Christian  literature  of  high  qua 
lity  has  strategic  importance  in  Japan.  Indeed,  it  is 
the  chief  instrument  of  evangelism  and  Christian  nur 
ture  or  Church  building.  As  Christian  publishers  seek 
to  expand  the  circulation  of  the  various  types  of  litera 
ture,  they  are  confronted  with  the  sharp  rise  in  pro 
duction  costs,  such  as  for  typesetting,  printing,  paper 
and  binding,  which  have  contributed  to  an  increase 
in  the  price  of  books.  Thus  as  long  as  the  reading 


CHRISTIAN  PUBLICATION  221 

public  is  somewhat  limited,  with  considerable  free 
distribution  in  connection  with  evangelistic  efforts, 
subsidies  from  abroad  will  have  to  be  continued. 

The  following  reports  of  the  Christian  Publishers 
Association  and  the  Evangelical  Publishers  and  Distri 
bution  Fellowship  give  the  main  facts  of  Christian 
publication  in  Japan  during  1963. 

CHRISTIAN  PUBLISHERS  ASSOCIATION 
MAJOR  REFERENCE  WORKS  PRODUCED 

Shiro  Aoyania 

There  are  six  major  Christian  publishers  in  Japan 
associated  with  the  Christian  Publishers  Association 
(Kirisutokyo  Kyoryoku  Kai) ,  which  had  its  beginning 
within  the  NCC.  During  1963,  these  six  publishers 
report  a  total  of  128  new  titles  printed  and  191  reprint 
editions,  approximately  the  same  as  for  1962  when 
137  new  titles  and  169  reprints  were  reported. 

The  largest  publishing  program  among  Christian  pub 
lishers,  in  terms  of  the  number  of  titles  released,  was 
that  of  the  Protestant  Publishing  Company  which  re 
corded  35  new  titles  and  72  reprints  in  1963,  compared 
with  37  new  and  84  reprint  editions  during  1962.  The 
other  five  publishers  report  the  following  totals  for  1963 
(1962  figures  in  brackets)  : 

New  Titles  Reprints 

Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyodan                                   33   (32)  60  (52) 

Kyo  Bun  Kan                                                  22  (32)  18  (14) 

Seibun  Sha  (Lutheran)                                    17   (17)  10     (7) 

Kirisuto  Shimbun  Sha                                     17   (18)  3     (4) 

Y.  M.  C.  A.                                                      5     (1)  15     (8) 

It  is  significant  to  note    that    these    titles    ran    to    a 


222  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

total  of  approximately  460,000  books,  both  in  1963 
and  in  1962,  not  including  the  NK  Kyodan's  Sambika 
(Hymnal)  which  totals  about  130,000  volumes 
annually. 

Among  the  most  outstanding  titles  published  by 
these  six  publishers  in  recent  months  have  been  : 

The  Works  of  John  Calvin 
The  Works  of  Toyohiko  Kagawa 
An  Encyclopedia  of  Christianity 
The  Writings  of  Uchimura  Kanzo 
The  Works  of  John  Wesley 
The  Works  of  Martin  Luther 

That  such  significant  reference  works  as  these  have 
been  produced  recently  in  Japanese  is  one  of  the  especial 
ly  notable  features  of  Christian  publishing.  This  indi 
cates,  as  well,  that  rather  than  seeking  some  new 
theology  or  new  pattern  of  thought  the  Church  of 
Japan  is  calling  for  basic  works  to  meet  its  needs. 

As  a  general  pattern,  Bible  Reference  Works  and 
commentaries  have  been  well  received,  but  along  with 
them  it  is  noteworthy  that  books  on  prayer  have  been 
widely  called  for  too. 

Another  outstanding  feature  of  Christian  publishing 
in  Japan  has  been  the  increased  appearance  of  con 
venient,  pocket-size  publications  in  the  popular  "  shin- 
sho  ban  "  size.  Aside  from  the  major  works  published, 
a  majority  of  other  titles  would  fall  into  this  category. 
It  is  reported  that  the  Protestant  Publishing  Com 
pany's  "  Shinkyo  Shinsho  "  series  will  soon  be  brought 
up  to  100  titles. 

We  wonder  if  it  is  not  the  great  influence  of  the 
weekly  magazines,  television  and  radio,  with  their 
convenience  and  ready  accessibility,  which  has  created 
this  considerable  appetite  for  convenient  reading  ma 
terials. 


CHRISTIAN  PUBLICATIONS  223 

The  Japan  Bible  Society  saw  its  most  successful 
year  in  1963,  with  3,117,656  Bibles,  Testaments  and 
Scripture  portions  distributed  throughout  Japan,  com 
pared  with  2,762,375  for  1962.  This  increase  in  dis 
tribution  was  doubtless  due  to  more  effective  circula 
tion  through  both  Christian  and  secular  book  stores, 
improved  communications  with  the  branch  offices  and 
depots,  the  expansion  of  the  colportage  program,  and 
the  increase  in  cooperation  of  the  Churches  in  selling 
Bibles  and  Scripture  portions. 

It  was  an  especially  historic  occasion  when  on  De 
cember  9,  1963  two  thousand  Bibles  were  presented 
to  Buddhist  leaders  for  distribution  to  leading  priests, 
through  the  sponsorship  of  the  Bible  Society  of  Den 
mark. 

As  part  of  the  United  Bible  Society's  expanded 
program  under  the  title,  "  God's  Word  for  a  New 
Age,"  the  Japan  Bible  Society  aims  to  distribute 
4,630,000  Scriptures  in  1964;  5,880,000  in  1965;  and 
7,700,000  in  1966. 

The  Gideons,  with  support  both  from  abroad  and 
from  Japan,  have  been  concentrating  on  the  distribu 
tion  of  bilingual  New  Testaments  among  high  school 
students,  and  thus  have  taken  advantage  of  the  fact 
that  English  is  the  second  language  of  Japan.  The 
Gideons  distributed  183,500  Bibles  during  the  year, 
and  now  with  the  full-time  services  of  a  field  secretary 
this  work  will  also  be  expanded. 

The  literature  committee  of  the  NCC  has  set  up 
two  study  commissions  in  the  publishing  and  distribu 
tion  field,  and  these  have  recently  completed  a  funda 
mental  review  of  the  Christian  literature  distribution 
picture  in  Japan. 

One  of  their  surveys  indicates  the  average  monthly 
sales  totals  of  Christian  book  stores  (in  1962)  to  be 


224  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

approximately  13,905,000  yen,  or  166,860,000  yen  a 
year — a  significant  total  indeed.  Of  this  amount, 
roughly  20%  is  made  up  of  Bibles  and  a  further  10% 
of  hymnals.  This  survey  lists  a  total  of  69  Christian 
hook  stores,  scattered  in  43  cities  throughout  Japan. 

A  notable  recommendation  of  this  NCC  study  com 
mission  was  that  a  new  distribution  center  be  created 
to  handle  the  wholesaling  of  all  Christian  literature. 

Influenced  by  the  atmosphere  created  by  these  re 
ports,  Kyo  Bun  Kan  in  April,  1964  established  a 
separate  wholesale  department  and  began  a  program 
of  wholesaling  Christian  literature.  Seibun  Sha  (Luth 
eran)  has  been  wholesaling  to  stores  in  the  Kansai 
area  and  in  the  western  portion  of  Japan,  and  is  now 
extending  its  wholesaling  activities  to  the  east  as  well. 

The  management  of  Christian  book  stores  in  Japan 
has  proved  to  be  a  most  difficult  task.  However,  at 
least  three  stores  have  been  set  up  recently  on  a  self- 
sustaining  basis — the  Seibun  Sha  in  Kobe,  the  Seibun 
Sha  in  Nagoya,  and  the  Osaka  Kirisutokyo  Shoten. 
Not  only  have  these  stores  been  put  on  a  solid  footing, 
but  during  1963  they  were  able  to  produce  a  margin 
of  profit. 

This  is  a  development  which  points  up  good  pro 
spects  and  great  hopes  for  the  future  of  management 
of  Christian  book  stores  in  Japan. 


CHRISTIAN  PUBLICATIONS  225 

THE  EVANGELICAL  PUBLISHERS  AND 
DISTRIBUTORS  FELLOWSHIP 

SIGNFICANT  INCREASES  IN  1963 

Kenneth  McVety 

Fourteen  Christian  publishers  and  about  30  Christian 
book  stores  throughout  Japan  have  been  banded  to 
gether  since  1951  in  what  is  known  as  The  Evangel 
ical  Publishers  and  Distributors  Fellowship  (Fukuin 
Shuppan  Hambai  Kyoryoku  Kai) .  These  publishers, 
two  of  whom  are  also  members  of  the  Christian  Pub 
lishers  Association  (see  *  in  list  below) ,  report  for 
1963  a  total  of  58  new  titles  and  101  reprint  editions, 
compared  with  62  new  and  39  reprint  editions  in 
1962 — an  increase  of  just  over  40%. 

In  terms  of  volumes  produced,  these  FPDF  related 
publishers  report  even  greater  increase  in  1963 — a  total 
of  430,000  books,  more  than  double  the  170,000  total 
for  1962.  This  is  in  addition  to  the  "  Seika  "  Hym 
nal,  produced  by  Word  of  Life  Press,  which  has  been 
averaging  15—20,000  copies  a  year. 

It  should  be  noted,  however,  that  relatively  few  of 
the  titles  represented  in  these  totals  are  major  reference 
works.  Though  a  number  of  sizeable  volumes  such 
as  Seisho  Tosho's  Commentary  Series  and  Word  of 
Life  Press'  Bible  Dictionary  are  included,  a  fairly 
heavy  proportion  of  these  titles  would  fall  in  the  areas 
of  evangelistic  and  devotional  reading,  and  would  cor 
respondingly  be  smaller  in  size,  averaging  perhaps  200 
to  300  pages. 

Among  these  14  publishers,  the  largest  program  is 
reported  by  Word  of  Life  Press  (TEAM) ,  followed  by 
Seisho  Tosho  Kankokai  (Conservative  Baptist)  and 


226  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Jordan  Press  (Southern  Baptist) .  The  number  of  new 
and  reprint  editions  published  during  1963,  with  1962 
figures  in  brackets,  is  as  follows  : 

New  Titles  Reprints 

Word  of  Life  Press  29  (20)  60  (32) 

Jordan  Press*  8     (5)  13  (5) 

Seisho  Tosho  7     (3)  9  (8) 

Evangelistic  Publishing  Depot  2     (3)  2  (4) 

Buxton  Memorial  Publications*  2     (2)  4  (4) 

Kirisuto  Sha  Gakusei  Kai  3     (1)  2  (4) 

Others  9     (7)  6  (7) 

Totals  60  (41)  99  (64) 

The  eight  publishers  grouped  together  and  reporting 
smaller  programs  for  1963  are,  Christian  Literature 
Crusade,  Assemblies  of  God,  Japan  Sunday  School 
Union  (excluding  Sunday  School  materials),  Evange 
lical  Publishing  Association,  Immanuel  Missions,  Na- 
zarene  Publishing  Department,  Morikeisen  Publications 
and  Scripture  Union. 

Undoubtedly  the  most  widely  received  of  these  pub 
lications  were  Bible  Commentaries  by  Yutaka  Yoneda 
(New  Testament)  and  Kuniji  Oye  (New  Testament 
&  Psalms),  both  published  by  Word  of  Life  Press. 

The  newly  launched  "KGK  Shinsho  Series  "  made 
a  good  beginning  with  C.  S.  Lewis',  "  Beyond  Per 
sonality  "  finding  an  especially  good  reception. 

Generally  speaking,  the  call  for  popular  or  family- 
type  publications  has  become  especially  pronounced, 
as  reflected  in  these  publishing  programs.  Titles  es 
pecially  geared  to  women  readers  ("  God  in  My  Kit 
chen"),  daily  devotional  readings,  and  biographical 
sketches  ("1  Met  God  in  Soviet  Russia  ",  CLC)  have 
all  met  with  an  enthusiastic  response.  In  this  category 
WLP  reports  a  particularly  good  sale  for  its  15  title, 
¥100  "Faith  Series". 

Of  particular  note  has  been  the  appearance  of  a  new 


CHRISTIAN  PUBLICATIONS  227 

committee  translation  of  the  Gospel  of  John.  This 
was  released  late  in  1963  as  the  first  published  portion 
of  a  full  scale  Bible  translation  currently  being  un 
dertaken  by  the  New  Japanese  Bible  Commission  and 
scheduled  for  completion  in  1964  (New  Testament) 
and  1966  (Old  Testament). 

This  New  Japanese  Bible,  is  being  translated  under 
the  direction  of  a  seven  man  editorial  board  and  a 
staff  of  29  translators  and  advisors,  all  men  of  con 
servative,  evangelical  conviction.  The  committee's  an 
nounced  purpose  is  to  produce  a  translation  that  is  : 

1.  True  to  the  original  Greek  and  Hebrew  texts. 

2.  In  the  best  contemporary  Japanese,  fully  under 
standable  to  the  masses. 

3.  Faithful  in  giving    the    Lord    Jesus    Christ    His 
rightful  place. 

When  completed,  the  production  and  distribution  of 
this  New  Japanese  Bible  will  be  undertaken  by  Word 
of  Life  Press. 

In  the  general  constituency  of  EPDF  are  about  40 
bookstores,  all  of  them  new  since  the  war  and  9  of 
them  making  their  appearance  within  the  past  two 
years.  The  largest  of  these  new  stores  is  WLP's  Life 
Center  in  Tokyo,  with  the  Yokohama  Christian  Book 
store  (TEAM) ,  Miyazaki  Fukuin  Shoten  (Mennonite) , 
Hirosaki  Fukuin  Shoten  (OMF)  and  several  Christian 
Literature  Crusade  stores,  making  particularly  marked 
advance. 

Reflecting  in  large  part  the  rapidly  expanding  and 
significantly  deepening  work  flowing  from  the  nume 
rous  faith  missions  and  many  smaller  denominational 
missions,  the  publishers  and  booksellers  of  EPDF  re 
port  aggressive  plans  for  still  further  advance  and  in 
dicate  considerable  confidence  for  the  future  of  Chris 
tian  literature  in  Japan. 


CHAPTER  5 
CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE 

I 
The  Relationship  of  the  Church  and  Social  Welfare 

William  Billow 

Background  for  this  article  comes  from  reports  of 
the  YMCA  Social  Welfare  Committee ;  the  Japan 
Christian  Social  Welfare  League  ;  the  United  Church 
of  Christ  Social  Welfare  Committee ;  the  Mulheim 
Consultation,  Theme  :  (The  Role  of  the  Churches  in 
Social  Welfare,  An  International  Perspective) ,  spon 
sored  by  the  World  Council  of  Churches  Department 
of  Studies  and  Division  of  Inter-Church  Aid,  Refugee 
and  World  Service ;  and  limited  personal  experience 
in  the  field  of  Christian  Social  Welfare. 

A  report  on  Christian  Social  Welfare  in  Japan  could 
include  statistics  and  descriptions  of  various  programs. 
These,  by  and  large,  are  in  the  areas  of  child  care, 
care  for  the  aged,  care  for  widows  and  their  children, 
settlement  houses,  rehabilitation  of  the  handicapped, 
care  of  the  blind  and  deaf,  rehabilitation  homes  and 
reformatories,  and  social  work  hospitals  and  clinics. 
The  auditors  of  our  several  institutions  go  over  our 
reports,  financial  and  program,  and  pass  them  on  to  the 
church.  The  goverment  sends  in  its  own  auditors 
and  they  in  turn  pass  the  reports  on  to  the  powers 
that  be.  These  reports  are  appropriate  in  their  place 
and  a  necessary  function  of  our  established  welfare 
programs.  In  this  article  there  is  not  space  for  all 
the  reports  and  statistics  that  could  be  presented. 
Let  us  rather  look  a  bit  more  deeply  into  the  question 


CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE  229 

which  is  on  the  lips  of  churchmen  and  social  work 
specialists  alike,  that  is,  the  question  of  the  relation 
ship  of  the  church  and  social  welfare. 

Government  Take  Over  of  Social  Welfare  Work 

Christian  social  welfare  workers  from  the  smallest 
and  youngest  institution  in  Japan  to  the  largest  and 
oldest  institution  in  Europe  or  America  are  asking 
the  same  question  today  :  '  What  should  be  the  rela 
tionship  of  the  church  and  social  welfare  in  the  world 
today  ?'  The  oldest  social  welfare  programs  begun 
by  Christians  were  the  work  of  one  or  a  small  group 
which  later  in  varying  degrees  have  become  the  pro 
grams  of  the  church.  Social  work  in  Japan  today  has 
the  same  history.  The  saying  that  one  man  can  start 
a  revolution  seems  an  appropo  description  of  Christian 
social  welfare.  Programs  started  by  one  person  are 
supported  at  first  by  a  few  friends  and  later  by  the 
church.  Once  perfected  the  programs  have  been 
taken  over  by  the  state.  There  is  no  real  problem 
in  this  sequence  if  the  various  stages  of  development 
have  been  planned.  We  should  add  that  take  over 
of  social  welfare  programs  does  not  always  mean  a 
take  over  of  the  Christian  pioneer  institutions.  Today 
in  Japan  we  hear  the  rumor  that  if  the  private  (mostly 
'church  supported')  social  welfare  institutions  do  not 
take  up  the  responsibility  for  improving  their  facilities, 
the  government  will  step  in.  Christian  workers  are 
naturally  concerned  over  the  future  of  the  Christian 
institutions. 

It  is  the  perfected  programs  of  social  welfare  which 
could  go  to  the  state  through  planning  by  the  church. 
Perhaps  no  churchman  would  be  unhappy  if  it  were 
the  programs  alone  which  were  taken  over.  If  our 


230  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

vested  interests  in  property  were  in  no  way  threatened 
there  might  be  no  question  of  the  support  and  ex 
istence  of  Christian  social  welfare  institutions.  In 
Japan  thus  far,  only  our  programs  have  been  taken 
over  by  the  government ;  and  it  seems  that  our  insti 
tutions  with  their  government  relationships  will  remain 
intact  if  the  church  will  only  give  them  more  adequate 
support — financial,  that  is.  The  problem  of  facilities 
is  important  and  is  a  prime  cause  for  asking  the 
bigger  question  about  church  and  social  welfare  rela 
tionship. 

Responsibility  of  the  Church  in  the  Development  of  Social 
Welfare  Work 

Mr.  Shiro  Abe,  Director  of  the  Yokosuka  Christian 
Center,  presented  a  paper  at  the  Mulheim  Consulta 
tion  which  comes  face  to  face  with  this  question. 
He  ends  his  paper  with  these  words:  "The  relation 
ship  between  the  Church  and  social  work  is  based  on 
the  broad  implications  of  the  Church's  mission  for 
diakonia,  which  means  that  the  Church  should  be 
involved  in  direct  social  work  in  the  days  to  come." 
This  conclusion  is  based  on  the  premises:  1)  "We 
have  to  decide  what  position  Christian  social  work 
should  take  in  the  national  scheme."  and  2)  "Social 
work  has  become  progressively  separated  from  the 
influence  of  the  church."  In  fact,  Mr.  Abe  states 
that  almost  none  of  this  social  work  (Salvation  Army, 
WCTU,  etc.,)  was  established  by  or  has  been  the 
substantial  responsibility  of  the  national  church.  Thus, 
he  sees  the  work  here  as  having  been  begun  by  in 
dividuals  or  groups  because  of  the  lack  of  concern 
and  the  financial  weakness  of  the  church  in  Japan. 
It  being  true  that  Christian  social  work  in  the  West 


CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE  231 

is  the  result  of  the  church's  concern  for  the  world, 
a  look  at  the  founders  of  Christian  social  work  in 
Japan  would  show  that  the  work  here  is  an  extension 
of  the  same  concern.  So  long  as  financial  support 
comes  from  churches  overseas  there  is  no  pressing 
problem  for  the  Church  in  Japan.  The  fact  that  the 
Church  in  Japan  is  now  asking  about  Christian  social 
welfare  shows  a  growing  concern  by  Christians  here. 
This  is  not  to  disagree  with  Mr.  Abe's  premises  but 
to  give  him  support  for  the  conclusion  he  stated  at 
the  beginning  of  this  paragraph.  It  is  high  time  that 
the  church  here  does  have  reponsibility  and  a  part 
in  the  development  of  social  welfare  that  bears  the 
Christian  name.  Perhaps  the  heart  of  the  question 
is  "How  will  the  Church  in  Japan  reconcile  this 
growing  concern  with  the  disproportionate  size  of  the 
welfare  institutions  as  compared  with  the  size  of  the 
church".  Thankfully,  the  church  in  Japan  is  not 
standing  alone  as  it  seeks  to  solve  this  dilemma. 
Because  of  the  involvement  of  the  whole  church  in 
the  whole  world  the  church  in  any  one  nation  does 
not  have  just  a  local  problem.  Possible  pragmatic 
answers  to  a  local  situation  would  only  begin  to  solve 
the  question. 

According  to  the  Mulheim  Consultation  reports  there 
is  to  be  a  conference  on  "The  Churches  and  Social 
Welfare  "  in  1966.  A  total  of  seventeen  questions 
are  raised  as  proposed  areas  of  study  for  this  con 
ference.  These  range  from  suggestions  for  'preven- 
tative '  programs  of  *  neighborly  love  '  on  a  congrega 
tional  level  to  considering  new  forms  of  service  for 
new  countries  without  transplanting  structures  irrele 
vant  to  the  new  country.  All  are  hard-core  questions 
and  books  will  be  written  to  try  to  begin  to  answer 
each  question.  In  trying  to  answer  the  questions  of 


232  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

dedicated  Christian  workers  about  the  relationship  to 
both  church  and  state  in  our  social  welfare  program, 
these  studies  will  provide  resources  to  enrich  our 
thinking  and  programs  here  in  Japan. 

Theological  Basis  of  Social  Welfare  Work 

In  the  world  today  we  cannot  limit  our  discussion 
to  the  Churches  and  social  welfare  as  though  the  state 
can  be  by-passed.  But  the  question  of  the  churches 
and  social  welfare  is  not  a  matter  for  just  ecological 
or  sociological  study  !  The  Church  is  amiss  if  its 
premise  for  involvement  in  social  welfare  rests  on 
what  the  state  is  or  is  not  going  to  do.  We  begin 
with  our  doctrine  of  Christ,  the  Church  and  men  and 
move  from  that  point.  For  us  Christians  the  question 
is  not  just  how  far  we  are  missing  the  mark  among 
our  fellow  men  but  how  far  have  we  gone  afield  in 
effecting  our  confession  of  faith  in  Jesus  Christ.  We 
beg  the  question  if  we  spend  too  much  time  looking 
outward  without  having  looked  inside  ourselves  to 
see  the  real  beginnings  of  the  human  problems  which 
eventually  get  out  of  proportion  and  become  social 
problems. 

Once  the  church  has  settled  the  theological  question 
of  its  place  in  social  welfare  perhaps  it  can  lead  in 
the  development  of  programs  and  institutions  which 
could  move  more  freely  within  the  orbit  of  govern 
ment  subsidies  and  controls.  The  Christian  concern 
in  social  welfare  stems  from  God's  love  for  man  in 
Christ.  This  is  not  subject  to  human  regulation. 

We  have  to  begin  our  thinking  from  a  point  of 
view  which  does  not  remove  its  gaze  from  present 
problems  in  Christian  social  welfare  as  it  seeks  theologi 
cal  guidance.  We  dare  not  shrink  from  the  challenges 


CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE  233 

of  our  times  but  must  consider  them  as  God  given 
opportunities  to  move  forward.  We  cannot  go  around, 
over  or  under  the  obstacles  which  come  before  us. 
We  have  only  one  choice  and  that  is  to  "  go  through  " 
the  perplexing  labyrinth  of  current  conflict.  We  have 
a  task  which  is  similar  to  negotiating  for  straightening 
a  road  where  the  proposed  right  of  way  is  covered  by 
hundreds  of  homes  and  shops,  each  with  a  distinct 
personal  and  public  point  of  view.  The  resolve  of 
the  planner  must  be  stronger  than  the  desire  for  status 
quo  by  the  owners  who  have  the  vested  interest.  The 
price  of  success  will  be  slow,  expensive  and  involve 
methodical  study  and  negotiation. 

The  Church  can  best  begin  by  clearly  stating  its 
theology  of  social  welfare,  fully  underwriting  the  in 
stitutions  which  fulfill  the  theological  function  and 
cheerfully  giving  up  those  which  do  not.  Only  expert 
knowledge  matched  with  selfless  dedication  to  Christ's 
love  for  man  will  be  adequate  to  see  the  negotiations 
through  to  completion.  The  institutions  of  the  Church 
can  help  by  looking  to  the  needs  of  man  from  a 
broader  and  deeper  and  higher  perspective  than  is 
possible  from  only  the  technical  point  of  view  of 
currently  accepted  standards  of  good  social  work. 

From  Cause  to  Function  in  Christian  Social  Work 

One  more  note  on  historical  perspective.  How 
exactly  has  Christian  social  welfare  got  to  be  what 
it  is  today  ?  What  has  brought  about  the  develope- 
ment  of  our  diversified  programs  ?  The  Christians 
who  have  been  the  founders  of  our  institutions  have 
been  people  dedicated  to  Christ.  They  have  seen  a 
problem  and  have  simply  rolled  up  their  sleeves  and 
pitched  in  to  help,  gaining  support  from  friends  who 


234  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

could  be  persuaded  to  help.  Porter  R.  Lee  in  his 
paper  "  Social  Work  as  Cause  and  Function"  (Social 
Work  As  Cause  and  Function  and  Other  Papers; 
New  York,  Columbia  University  Press,  1937)  has 
denned  the  development  of  social  welfare  as  a  move 
ment  from  a  cause  to  the  position  of  a  function. 
"  A  cause  is  usually  a  movement  directed  toward  the 
elimination  of  entrenched  evil."  (page  22)  He  adds 
that  a  cause  can  also  be  the  establishment  of  a  posi 
tive  good. — "  At  the  moment  of  its  success,  the  cause 
tends  to  transfer  its  interest  and  its  responsibility  to 
an  administrative  unit  whose  responsibility  becomes 
a  function  of  well -organized  community  life."  (page 
23)  "  To  the  community  as  a  whole  a  cause  may 
be  justified  by  the  faith  and  purpose  of  its  adherents, 
a  function  must  be  justified  by  demonstrated  possibli- 
ties  of  achievement."  (page  26)  This  is  leadership 
supplanted  by  accountability.  Of  leadership,  Mr.  Lee 
says  :  ' '  Here  is  one  of  the  highly  strategic  points  at 
which  the  character  of  any  cultural  service  must  be 
both  cause  and  function,  for  at  this  point  a  community 
has  a  right  to  ask  both  what  values  in  social  life  it 
should  expect  for  itself  and  what  distribution  of  these 
values  among  its  people  it  is  willing  and  able  to 
accomplish",  (page  33) 

The  church  by  nature  is  a  good  fighter  when  there 
is  a  good  cause.  Individual  Christians  have  demon 
strated  that  the  Gospel  has  taken  over  in  their  lives 
by  taking  on  causes  that  are  apparent  in  their  com 
munities.  It  seems  that  as  the  causes  have  become 
successful  the  public  rather  than  private  institutions 
have  been  better  in  the  functional  nature  of  the  social 
welfare  programs.  Financial  backing  has  much  to 
do  with  this,  for  where  one  or  two  or  three  can 
effectively  fight  a  cause  until  it  gains  the  public  eye, 


CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE  235 

it  takes  a  large  number  of  workers  to  produce  the 
statistics  and  reports  that  give  the  aura  of  accoun 
tability.  The  church  could  give  a  tremendous  boost 
to  the  work  that  bears  the  Christian  name  by  giving 
some  clear  statement  as  to  the  extent  it  will  support 
a  cause.  Dialogue  with  community  leaders  could  help 
effect  smooth  transfers  of  its  work  into  the  public 
area  of  responsibility.  Our  big  problem  here  is  that 
the  church  is  as  apt  to  be  reluctant  to  give  up  any  cause 
that  is  successful  and  alxmt  to  be  transferred  to  the  realm 
of  function.  The  Christian  institutions  and  their  leaders 
are  not  anxious  to  let  go  of  work  that  is  just  on  the 
verge  of  success  and  do  need  more  positive  guidance  at 
just  that  point.  Once  we  look  at  the  Christian  Social 
Welfare  Institutions  and  find  out  just  exactly  where 
they  are  and  what  they  are  doing  we  may  find  fewer 
conflicts  than  we  now  imagine.  But,  the  current 
state  of  affairs,  in  Japan  at  least,  is  that  the  church 
because  of  its  youth  and  lack  of  financial  backing  to 
date  is  not  fully  aware  of  all  the  institutions  that 
would  like  to  have  more  adequate  church  support. 
The  steps  the  church  must  take  are  these :  1)  to 
decide  where  it  stands  on  the  question  of  social 
welfare  ;  2)  to  find  out  what  is  being  done  and  how 
this  relates  to  the  decision  made  under  #1  ;  and  3) 
to  vigorously  support  all  institutions  and  programs 
which  do  qualify  under  the  theologically  acceptable 
standards,  while  gradually  letting  go  the  institutions 
and  programs  which  either  do  not  meet  the  standards 
or  are  well  enough  established  to  be  no  longer  in 
need  of  primary  Christian  influence. 


II 

Some  Major  Events  Related  to  Social  Work  in  1963 

Shiro  Abe 

1.  The  termination  of  SOS  (Share  Our  Surplus) 
relief  supplies,  which  had  been  distributed  in  Japan 
for  a  number  of  years,  was  consummated  on  June 
30,  1963.  After  the  war,  relief  supplies  were  at  first 
distributed  to  needy  homes  and  social  welfare  institu 
tions  through  LARA  (Licensed  Agency  for  Relief  in 
Asia) .  Then,  in  1953,  after  America  had  been  blessed 
with  bountiful  harvests,  and  had  accumulated  a  large 
surplus,  Congress  voted  to  share  $  300  million  worth 
of  supplies  with  needy  nations.  A  part  of  this  work 
of  distribution  was  delegated  to  three  Christian  welfare 
organizations,  i.e.,  Church  World  Service,  American 
Friends  Service  Committee,  and  Catholic  Reliet  Com 
mittee  (known  as  CAC) ,  which  together  handled  some 
$  150  million  worth  of  relief  supplies.  An  abundant 
part  of  this  SOS  relief  was  sent  to  Japan  and  many 
needy  Japanese  were  saved  from  starvation  by  these 
gifts.  This  help  has  been  greatly  appreciated  and 
will  always  be  regarded  as  a  glorious  episode  in  the 
history  of  Social  Welfare  Work  in  Japan.  In  fact,  in 
many  cases,  SOS  took  on  the  deeper  meaning  of 
"  Save  Our  Souls,"  for  it  turned  out  to  be  a  means 
of  both  material  and  spiritual  blessing.  However, 
with  Japan's  new  economic  prosperity,  there  is  no 
longer  an  urgent  need  for  such  relief  supplies. 

However,  the  termination  of    the    SOS    distribution 
has    challenged    the    Japanese    Church    to    undertake 


CHRISTIAN  SOCAIAL  WELFARE  237 

welfare  work  in  other  needy  areas  of  life.  Thus 
Japan  Church  World  Service  is  now  planning  to  divert 
its  efforts  to  the  activities  of  a  rural  center,  an  ex 
periment  in  upland  agriculture,  and  the  rehabilitation 
of  the  handicapped. 

2.  Upholding  of  Japan  s  Anti-Vice  Laws  Urged: 
In    view    of    the    fact  that  the  Olympiad  will  be  held 
in  Japan  in  1964,  and  visitors    will    be    coming    from 
all    over  the  world,  the  Social  Affairs  Commission  of 
the  Japan  National  Christian  Council  sent   a    message 
to    the  Japanese  Government  on  September  19,  1963, 
urging    the    strengthening    of    anti-prostitution     laws, 
which    have  not  been  fully  effective  in  removing  this 
evil  from  Japanese  sociaty.     It  was  also  urged  that  in 
order   to    raise    ethical    standards,   moral  education  be 
promoted,  unhealthy  cultural  aspects  be  eliminated  and 
that    the    social  security  system  be  more  fully  establi 
shed.     The  message  was  signed  by  Dr.  Chitose  Kishi, 
chairman    of   NCCJ.     Each  church  was  also  expected 
to  endorse  the   message    by    supporting    its    provisions 
and  educating  its  people. 

3.  Midnight  Mission:  Among  dedicated  Christian 
social  workers  are  the  German  missionaries  and  Japanese 
co-workers  of  the  Midnight  Mission  which  carries  on 
a  rehabilitation  program  for  street  girls.     This  project 
has    become    a    part  of  the  Interchurch  Aid  program, 
which  has  helped  with  the  building  of  the  "  Nozomi- 
no-Mon "      (Gate     of     Hope      School),      which     has 
residence    facilities    for   twenty    girls  and  has  been  in 
operation  since  early    in    1963.      A    number   of    these 
unfortunate    girls    have    been    converted    and   brought 
into  a  new  life  of  decency  and  hope. 

4.  The    Toyohiko   Kagaiva  Memorial  Center  was 
dedicated  in  April  1963  at  Shinkawa,  Kobe ;  the  site 
of   his   first   evangelistic    and    social    welfare    activity, 


238  MISSION  OF  THR  CHURCH 

where    there    has    long    been    a    social    settlement  and 
church. 

5.  Care  of  the  aged  continues  to  be  an  important 
concern    of    the    churches    and    three    new    Christian 
homes  for  elderly  people  were  dedicated  in  1963,  viz. ,  one 
each  in  Gumma,  Saitama  and  Shizuoka  prefectures. 

6.  Labor  Centers:     The  article  on  the  Mission  of 
the  Laity  calls  attention  to  the  Nishijin  Labor  Center 
of  Kyoto  and  the  Himeji-Wako  Labor  Center,   which 
emphasize    both    the    evangelistic  and  social  phases  of 
the    Gospel.      The    same    is    true    of    the    new  Labor 
Center  at  Izumi-Sano  Church  of  Osaka  Kyoku  of  the 
Kyodan,    which    was    dedicated    November    10,   1963. 
The  city  of  Izumi-Sano  is  an  industrial  center    where 
cotton    and    jute    weaving    and   hemp   rope  are  manu 
factured.       Representatives    of     both     federations     of 
ZENRO  and  SOHYO,  were  present  at  the  dedication 
and  expressed  appreciation  for  the  annual  church  labor 
school. 

7.  Inter denominal    Cooperation   in    Social    Work  : 
In    spite    of    the    Christian    Social    League    of  seventy 
institutions  which  helps  to  coordinate  the  work  of  the 
denominations    engaged    in    social    service     (Kyodan, 
Anglican,  Lutheran,   Baptist,  Salvation  Army,  Friends 
and   others) ,  cooperation  and  communication  between 
them  still  has   much    to    be    desired.      There    is   also 
a    fellowship    of    interdenominational    social    workers 
called,  Kirisutokyo  Shakai  Fukushi  Gakkai   (Christian 
Social  Welfare  Study  Society) ,    which    affords   oppor 
tunity  for  consideration  of  mutual  problems. 

8.  Problem  of  Christian  nursery  schools.     Another 
significant    development    which    signifies    a    change  of 
direction  is  the  increase  in  government  patronage  and 
interference    in    the    operation    of   nursery   schools,  as 
revealed  in  the  report  of  the  Central  Children's  Wei- 


CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WELFARE  239 

fare  Council.  The  new  regulations  do  not  permit  the 
direct  operation  of  unrecognized  church  nurseries  and 
facilitate  the  establishment  of  public  institutions.  This 
is  but  one  more  indication  of  how  government  policy 
tends  more  and  more  to  limit  the  social  work  of  the 
Church  to  acts  of  individual  charity. 

9.  Christian  Orphanages  :  Some  sixty-six  children's 
homes,     which    are    affiliated     with    CCF     (Christian 
Children's  Fund) ,  are  continuing  to  receive  aid  from 
American  Christians. 

10.  Salvation    Army    Christmas    Kettles :       As  in 
many  other  lands,  the  Salvation  Army  kettles  play  an 
important  part  in  the  Japanese  celebration  of  Christmas. 
This  appeal    was    made    to    people    in    the    streets    of 
Japanese    cities    from    December   17  through  31st  and 
a  record  offering  was  received,  with  more  people  than 
ever    making    contributions.       With    these    good    will 
offerings,   Christmas    gifts    were    sent    to    children    in 
slum  areas,  to  the  elderly  in  homes  for  the  aged,  and 
accommodations    were    furnished    to    homeless  people. 
In  these  and  other  ways,  the  true  spirit  of  Christmas 
was  made  known. 

11.  Japan  Christian  Medical  Association  (JCMA) 
J.C.M.A.,     now    in     its    fifteenth    year,    continues    to 
fulfill  its  purpose:    "to    strengthen    the    fellowship    in 
the    name    of   our    Lord  among  the  Christian  doctors, 
nurses,    medical    students,    student    nurses,    and    other 
medical    workers ;    to    unite    those    who    work    in  the 
same  medical  fields  in    the    spirit    of    Christianity ;    to 
give    mutual    opportunities    for    study    that    they  may 
learn  medicine  ;  and  to  offer  medical  services    with    a 
sincere  Christian  spirit  to  those  who  need  help."     The 
monthly  organ,   "  Medicine  and    the    Gospel,"    serves 
for    maintenance    of    mutual    intercourse    between    the 
the  doctors,  nurses  and  students   of    the    fifteen    local 


240  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

chapters;  which  have  a  total  membership  of  about 
one  thousand.  A  delegation  from  the  Japan  Associa 
tion  attended  the  first  International  Christian  Medical 
Conference  held  at  Amsterdam  in  June  1963.  Medi 
cally  neglected  areas  have  continued  to  receive  various 
services  from  this  very  active  Association.  In  each 
local  chapter,  regular  meetings  are  held  for  the  deepen 
ing  of  the  mutual  faith  of  the  members  and  the 
cultivation  of  the  Christian  spirit  in  medical  practice. 
To  this  end,  also,  lecture  meetings  are  held  to  which 
non-Christians  are  welcome  and  in  this  way  come  to 
realize  the  importance  of  the  application  of  Christian 
principles  in  medical  treatment.  The  Association  has 
taken  the  lead  in  the  emphasis  on  preventive  medicine 
in  the  various  communities,  especially  in  medically 
neglected  areas.  These  have  included  :  periodic  health 
surveys  ;  improvements  in  environmental  hygiene  where 
communicable  diseases  are  endemic ;  guidance  for  a 
more  healthful  dietary ;  mass  survey  in  tuberculosis 
prevention,  and  periodic  health  checkup.  Doctors, 
nurses  and  medical  students  participate  in  such  mass 
surveys ;  which  occasions  afford  the  opportunity  for 
fellowship  in  the  service  of  Christ.  J.C.M.A.  is  a 
member  of  the  National  Christian  Council  and  is 
active  in  ecumenical  outreach  and  international  Chris 
tian  medical  missions. 


CHAPTER  6 

THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY 

Kazuko  I-Suzuki 

The  primary  purpose  of  the  "  Mission  of  the  Laity  " 
is  now  being  widely  accepted  as  equipping  the  laity 
for  Christian  obedience  and  witness  through  daily  life 
and  work  in  the  secular  world.  The  new  awareness 
of  the  need  for  equipping  the  laity  to  be  the  church 
in  the  world  is  expressed  not  only  in  emphasis  on 
training  lay  people  to  be  full-time  workers  for  church- 
related  institutions  or  evangelistic  enterprises  as  well 
as  assisting  the  clergy,  but  also  in  the  conviction  that 
every  member  of  the  church  who  is  baptized  by  the 
Holy  Spirit  should  share  in  the  mission  of  whole 
church. 

In  Asia,  the  importance  and  urgency  of  the  concern 
for  the  mission  of  the  laity  and  for  their  training  was 
taken  into  consideration  by  the  Working  Committee 
of  the  East  Asia  Christian  Conference.  It  was  re 
commended  that  lay  training  be  the  main  emphasis  of 
the  entire  work  of  the  EACC  in  the  quadrennial 
period  following  the  1964  Assembly. 

In  Japan,  there  are  signs  that  the  churches  are 
already  realizing  the  importance  and  responsibilities  of 
the  laity,  and  are  taking  initiative  in  training. 

During  1963,  certain  significant  examples  of  such 
new  effort  were  reported.  It  is  to  be  noted  that  the 
Ten-Year  Plan  of  Evangelism  of  the  United  Church 
of  Christ  in  Japan  places  its  main  emphasis  on  the 
establishment  of  a  policy  of  evangelism  with  particular 
reference  to  the  laity.  *'  The  harvest  is  great  but  the 
harvesters  few."  The  major  responsibility  for  witness 


242  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

in  homes  and  working  places  is  in  the  hands  of  lay 
people  who  can  proclaim  the  Gospel  of  Jesus  Christ 
adequately.  This  is  to  be  done  by  believers  of  the 
Christian  Gospel  through  sharing  one  another's  burdens 
and  through  acts  of  service.  The  problem  for  us 
is  that  we  have  entirely  too  few  lay  people  who  can 
keep  a  balance  between  these  two  aspects  of  witness. 
The  responsibility  for  training  effective  lay  witnesses 
comes  back  to  those  of  us  who  are  called  to  such  a 
task.  We  must  take  every  opportunity  to  stress  the 
importance  of  witness  to  God's  grace  in  the  place 
where  we  are  by  having  a  better  understanding  of 
one's  self,  one's  own  work  and  its  technological  and 
scientific  background,  and  by  being  able  to  serve 
adequately  one  another's  needs. 

Annual  Seminars  on  Home  and  Family 

The  church  of  Japan,  from  its  beginning,  has  stressed 
the  importance  of  home  visitation  and  family  worship. 
However,  it  has  not  been  meeting  the  increasing 
problems  in  a  family  life  confronted  by  rapidly  chang 
ing  society.  The  Home  and  Family  Division  of  the 
National  Christian  Council  sponsored  two  seminars 
during  1963 ;  one  for  the  Kanto  area  (eastern  part 
of  Japan)  and  one  for  the  Kansai  area  (western  part) . 
The  Kanto  area  meeting  was  held  at  Hoshino  Hotel, 
Naka  Karuizawwa,  July  15-17,  with  lectures  and  dis 
cussions  centering  around  the  theme,  "The  Christian 
Home  and  the  Nurture  of  Those  Responsible  for  the 
Next  Generation."  Ministers,  missionaries,  and  lay 
men  were  among  the  eighty  four  participants.  Stu 
dents  from  Southeast  Asia,  attending  Tsurukawa  Rural 
Training  Institute  joined  the  seminar  with  simultaneous 
translations  given  by  Rev.  Toshihiro  Takami,  the 


TtfE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  245 

director  of  the  Institute's  Southeast  Asia  Course. 

The  participants  were  divided  into  four  groups  ac 
cording  to  their  needs  and  interests,  such  as  premarital 
group,  husband  and  wife  group,  parent-child  group  and 
in-laws  and  brides  group  with  each  group  having  two- 
leaders,  a  minister  and  a  counselor.  Each  participant 
brought  his  or  her  own  problem  into  the  discussion. 
The  main  addresses  were  given  by  Mr.  Junichiro  Sako, 
Christian  literary  critic,  and  Dr.  Kaname  Moriwaki, 
professor  of  educational  psychology  at  Rikkyo  Uni 
versity,  Rev.  Shinji  Iwamura,  pastor  of  Omori 
Megumi  Church,  and  Dr.  Yasushi  Narabayashi,  a 
Christian  medical  doctor  and  marriage  counselor,  served 
as  group  leaders  along  with  others. 

The  Kansai  area  meeting  was  held  July  22-24  at 
Shirahamakadan.  Using  the  same  theme,  approxi 
mately  the  same  number  of  people  represented  similar 
categories  and  discussed  similar  subjects.  The  world 
wide  home  problem ;  human  relationships  in  the 
home  ;  and  problems  of  youth  were  also  considered. 
For  the  Kansai  area,  this  was  the  first  experience  of 
this  type  of  seminar. 

The  Kansai  Seminar  was  opened  with  a  lecture  by 
one  of  the  jury  women  of  the  Osaka  Domestic  Court, 
Mrs.  Megumi  Imada,  who  has  been  serving  for  more 
than  ten  years.  The  second  lecture  was  by  Dr. 
Yoshitomo  Ushijima,  a  professor  of  educational  psy 
chology  at  Kyushu  University.  He  particularly  em 
phasized  the  important,  and  unique  role  of  the  wife 
and  the  importance  of  the  family  as  the  base  for  all 
education,  including  the  Christian  witness.  Rev.  Shinji 
Iwamura  gave  a  biblical  interpretation  of  marriage 
and  the  family. 

The  result  is  that  twice  as  many  people  have  been 
reached  this  year. 


244  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Sending  instructors  and  lecturers  to  local  churches 
and  districts  is  another  part  of  this  committee's  task. 
Often  leaders  are  sent  as  a  team  including  a  medical 
doctor,  a  theologian  or  minister  who  has  special  train 
ing  in  this  field,  and  a  psychologist  or  marriage  coun 
selor.  Such  a  team  moves  around  from  place  to 
place  conducting  courses,  seminars  and  conferences  as 
a  mobile  unit.  In  this  way  we  reach  laymen  in  their 
own  cultural  situation.  This  is  the  best  way  to  use 
a  limited  budget  and  personnel. 

One  outstanding  program  of  this  type  was  held  at 
Matsuvama  City  on  Shikoku  Island,  the  smallest  of 
the  four  major  islands  of  Japan.  Matsuyama  City  was 
selected  for  the  seminar  out  of  desire  of  local  people. 
It  was  well-attended  for  a  first  attempt  to  have  such 

The  main  lectures  were  given  by  Dr.  Katsumi  Ma- 
tsumura.  the  head  of  the  Theological  Department  of 
Kansai  Gakuin  Univesity.  and  Mr.  Junichiro  Sako. 
Discussion  groups  were  conducted  under  the  program 
director.  Rev.  Koji  Horie  of  the  Episcopal  Church, 
who  is  a  staff  member  of  the  group  dynamics  com 
mittee.  Discussion  was  conducted  much  as  in  one  of 
the  annual  seminars. 

Workshop  on  Marriage  Counseling  in  Tokyo 

A  group  of  pastors,  marriage  counselors,  missionar 
ies,  teachers  and  laymen  met  on  February  25,  1963, 
at  the  Ginza  Christian  Center  to  discuss  mutual  pro 
blems  on  marriage  counseling.  This  was  the  first  at 
tempt  of  the  National  Christian  Council  to  plan  a 
series  of  meetings  by  the  Home  and  Family  Com 
mittee  with  this  subject  as  the  focal  point. 

By  means  of  lectures,  panel  discussions,  and   ques- 


THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  245 

tion  and  answer  periods,  ministers  and  laymen  in 
Christian  schools  were  given  opportunities  to  discuss 
the  handling  of  such  matters  as  helping  young  people 
to  find  Christian  marriage  partners  in  a  non-Christian 
society ;  premarital  counseling ;  good  Christian  mar 
riages  ;  the  role  of  the  minister  and  the  local  church ; 
the  availability  of  Christian  doctors  and  psychiatrists, 
and  the  attitude  of  members  of  the  family  toward 
each  other. 

At  the  first  of  a  series  of  three  workshops  Dr. 
Ralph  P.  Bridgman  was  the  principal  speaker.  He  is  an 
Episcopal  layman,  marriage  counselor  at  the  Family 
Court  Center  in  Toledo,  Ohio,  who  was  Fulbright 
visiting  lecturer  at  the  research  and  training  institute 
for  the  Family  Court  Probation  Officers  of  the  Su 
preme  Court  of  Japan.  Dr.  Bridgman  stressed  the 
need  for  counseling  relationships  in  the  local  church, 
and  those  present  felt  that  they  they  had  gained  fresh 
insights  into  the  question  of  marriage  counseling. 

Subsequent  meetings  were  planned  and  held  with 
each  session  being  well  attended  by  both  ministers 
and  laymen.  Some  addresses  were  "The  Need  for 
Premarital  Counseling  and  the  Responsibility  of  the 
Local  Church"  by  Mr.  Shinji  Iwamura,  and  "A  Symposi 
um  of  Case  Studies"  by  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Kenji  Tamura, 
professional  marriage  counselors  of  the  National  In 
stitute  of  Mental  Health  of  Japan. 

Christian  Witness  to  Labor 

Ay     The  Nishijin  Labor  Center: 

Occupational  evangelism  has  wide  connotations  but 
at  its  core  it  simply  means  the  church's  responsibility 
to  present  the  claims  of  Christ  to  the  world  of  work 


246  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

in  terms  that  are  relevant  to  the  daily  occupation  of 
the  worker  whether  professional,  skilled,  or  unskilled. 
Using  the  already  existing  church  as  a  base,  it  at 
tempts  to  reach  out  through  labor  schools  and  through 
meetings  of  Christians  in  the  same  professions  and 
through  Bible  study  groups. 

The  Kansai  Labor  Evangelism  program  was  organ 
ized  seven  years  ago,  under  the  leadership  of  Rev. 
Henry  Jones,  a  Presbyterian  missionary,  Dr.  Masao 
Takenaka  of  Doshisha,  and  Dr.  Hisashi  Mitsui  of 
Osaka,  and  by  a  few  men  and  women  who  felt  that  the 
Gospel  must  be  made  more  relevant  to  the  needs  of 
the  day  and  to  all  people.  A  part  of  this  program 
was  an  interne  plan  involving  seminaries  and  colleges 
in  the  Kansai  area. 

Dr.  Mochinobu  Shimo,  at  that  time  a  graduate  stu 
dent  at  Doshisha  Seminary,  was  an  interne  assigned 
to  Nishijin,  which  is  famous  for  its  silk- weaving  in 
dustry.  Mr.  Shimo  found  in  Nishijin  several  Christian 
groups  carrying  on  activities,  on  an  entirely  separate 
and  volunteer  basis.  He  brought  them  together  into 
an  informal  group  called  the  Nishijin-kai,  in  order 
to  cooperate  and  coordinate  their  separate  efforts, 
"his  is  the  beginning  of  the  Nishijin  Labor  Center. 

When  the  Nishijin-kai  with  Mr.  Shimo  as  its  cen 
tral  figure,  decided  to  campaign  toward  creating  a 
center,  the  Doshisha  Seminary  agreed  to  give  guidance 
and  contribute  the  initial  financial  aid  for  purchasing 
This  was  done  with  the  purpose  of  making 
such  a  center  an  integral  part  of  theological  education 
at  Doshisha  in  the  area  of  practical  training  of  theo 
logical  students. 

A  three-story  building,  the  first  floor  containing  the 
mam  meeting  hall,  the  Nishijin  Labor  Center  was 
dedicated  in  December  1962.  It  is  a  building,  modern 


THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  247 

in  line  and  detail,  set  apart  for  the  education,  recre 
ation,  and  spiritual  uplift  of  the  workers  of  this  area. 
The  program  inculudes  labor  schools,  cooking  class 
es,  an  English  School,  a  Counseling  service,  a  medi 
cal  clinic,  research  activities  and  children's  groups. 
A  weekly  Bible  study  group  provides  opportunity  for 
serious  study  of  the  Bible  and  serves  to  relate  that 
study  to  the  reality  of  society.  This  group  will  be 
the  coordinating  point  for  churches  in  this  area  also. 

B)     Himegi-Wako  Labor  Center: 

The  intensified  spirit  of  unity  in  Christ  and  the 
concern  for  the  ministry  in  industrial  society  led  to 
the  organization  of  the  Marima  Industrial  Area  Coun 
cil  of  Churches  in  1963. 

A  type  of  group  ministry  was  formed  with  Kako- 
gawa-East  Preaching  Station,  Takasago  and  Wako 
churches  as  participants.  They  coordinate  their  acti 
vities  and  report  to  one  another  regularly  on  progress 
in  various  experiments. 

Industrial  evangelism  is  a  part  of  the  fundamental 
task  of  the  church  and  the  responsibility  to  carry  the 
torch  of  this  witness  is  in  the  hands  of  the  laity. 
The  pastor's  role  is  to  be  a  counselor  and  supporter 
of  the  laymen  in  action.  How  can  the  layman  carry 
out  his  task  of  witness  in  his  place  of  work?  How 
can  each  layman  be  a  Christian  in  his  daily  life?  To 
bring  the  problems  and  questions  concerning  this  basic 
task  and  to  think  them  out  together  is  the  purpose 
of  the  Harima  Industrial  Evangelism  Circle. 

The  Monthly  journal  which  this  group  publishes 
is  for  discussion,  reading  and  prayers  to  promote  a 
wider  understanding  among  church  people  and  those 
seeking  to  understand  the  role  of  the  Christian  in  an 


248  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

industrial  setting. 

In  this  group  are  lay  members  of  the  Episcopal 
Church,  the  Assembly  of  God,  the  United  Church 
of  Christ  in  Japan  and  the  labor  unions. 

In  1961,  the  Occupational  Evangelism  Committee 
of  the  United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan  designated 
Himeji-Wako  Church  as  one  of  its  emphasis  projects. 
It  was  in  the  spring  of  1962  that  the  Wako  Labor 
Center  was  established  as  a  center  of  Christian  service 
to  the  laboring  people  of  its  community.  As  such  it 
sought  to  make  applications  of  the  fundamental  princi 
ples  and  concepts  of  industrial  evangelism.  The  acti 
vities  of  the  Center  which  are  the  outgrowth  of  these 
principles  might  be  mentioned :  1)  A  Worker  s 
group  for  the  study  of  Faith  and  work:  This  group, 
made  up  of  men  and  women  working  in  small  in 
dustries,  attempts  to  study  the  relationship  between 
the  Christian  faith  and  the  area  of  science  and  tech 
nology.  2)  Cultural  Activities:  One  of  the  most 
serious  problems  for  workers  in  a  technologically  ad 
vanced  nation  is  the  use  of  leisure  time.  So  far, 
the  activities  are  few  but  there  has  been  a  photo 
graphy  exhibit  and  folk  dancing  group  to  meet  this 
need.  3)  Youth  activities  for  the  community:  One 
of  the  tragedies  of  our  life  today  is  the  lack  of  true 
conversation  between  men.  The  purpose  of  our  youth 
activity  program  is  to  recover  dialogue  through  sing 
ing  and  talking  together.  There  are  may  ways  to 
meet  the  needs  of  youth  in  the  community  as  the 
"salt  of  the  earth"  through  active  service  groups. 

C)     Church  Mission  to  Truckers: 

Along  a  heavily  travelled  highway  in  one  of  Japan's 
most    industrialized  areas  stands  a    unique    preaching- 


THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  249 

point  of  the  United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan.  Few 
persons  think  of  it  as  a  chapel,  however,  since  the 
building  consist  of  a  diner  and  facilities  for  servicing 
heavy  trucks.  As  industrialization  moves  rapidly  for 
ward,  the  number  of  trucks  on  the  highways  increases 
greatly.  In  Japan  truck  drivers  work  three  and  four 
days  continuously  without  rest  and  as  a  result  of  fa 
tigue  and  illness,  traffic  accidents  occur.  The  Rev. 
Micho  Imai  felt  that  the  Lord  of  the  Resurrection  must 
stand  on  the  highway  and  dwell  in  the  hearts  of 
truck  drivers.  Therefore  he  began  planning  a  labor 
center  where  the  drivers  could  rest,  eat,  take  a  shower, 
and  have  someone  to  listen  to  them  as  a  spiritual 
counselor. 

The  complete  facilities  will  include  a  parking  lot 
for  150  trucks,  a  service  area,  sleeping  quarters  to 
accommodate  fifty  men,  a  five-minute  laundry  service, 
and  a  large  dining  hall.  One  of  the  center's  most 
important  functions  will  be  to  provide  conversation 
with  the  drivers  most  of  whom  are  away  from  home 
several  weeks  at  a  time.  The  staff,  numbering  thirty 
persons  working  on  a  round-the-clock  basis,  will  help 
drivers  keep  in  touch  with  their  families. 

Commenting  on  Mr.  Imai's  ministry,  the  president 
of  the  local  trucking  association  said,  "His  work  is 
an  oasis  for  human  needs  in  the  desert  of  traffic  jams." 

No  one  church,  in  isolation  from  other  churches, 
can  carry  on  this  type  of  work  by  itself.  In  order 
to  confront  the  huge  industrial  organization  and  so 
ciety,  the  church  too,  must  combine  all  available  for 
ces  and  personnel  in  the  spirit  of  true  unity  under 
one  common  Lordship  of  Christ. 

Institute  of  Laymen  Overseas: 

In    recent    history   the  professional    missionary    has 


250  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

been  regarded  as  central  and  the  layman  as  more  or 
less  on  the  periphery.  However,  in  the  last  analysis, 
the  success  or  failure  of  the  Christian  movement  in 
Japan  or  any  other  land,  depends  on  the  Christian 
laymen  overseas  as  well  as  upon  the  clergy. 

An  ' 'Institute  for  Laymen  Overseas"  was  held  at 
the  newly  opened  Nippon  Academy  Oiso  House,  Sep 
tember  27-29,  1963,  sponsored  by  Tokyo  Union 
Church,  the  National  Christian  Council,  the  National 
Council  of  Churches  in  the  USA,  and  a  Tokyo-Yo 
kohama  Inter-Church  Committee.  The  theme  was 
"How  does  a  Christian  Meet  the  Problems  and 
Opportunities  of  living  in  Japan."  This  Institute  had 
a  two-fold  objective :  1)  to  help  laymen  (men  and 
women)  living  and  working  overseas  for  government, 
business,  military,  technological  assistance  organiza 
tions,  and  service  agencies  to  recognize  and  fulfill 
their  opportunities  as  Christians  in  Japan-  2)  to  share 
the  experience  of  this  pilot  project  with  overseas 
church  men  elsewhere  as  together  we  face  contempo 
rary  issues  of  Christian  living. 

The  Institute  searched  for  helpful  resources  for  the 
churchman  abroad  as  he  confronts  challenges  and 
dilemmas  in  his  everyday  relationships  with  persons 
of  another  culture.  How  do  we  identify  the  frontiers 
of  effective  Christian  witness?  Opportunities  in  mission 
and  present-day  strategy  with  emphasis  on  our  Christian 
faith  as  it  relates  to  Man  and  God's  World. 

Dr.  Robbin  Strong,  formerly  of  the  YMCA  and 
currently  with  the  United  Church  Board  for  World 
Ministries  was  the  main  speaker.  Other  leaders  were 
the  Rev.  Howard  B.  Haines,  pastor  of  Tokyo  Union 
Church,  Dr.  Maurice  Troyer  of  the  International 
Christian  University,  and  Dr.  Sam  Franklin  of  the 
Tokyo  Union  Theological  Seminary.  One  other  feature 


THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  251 

of  the  program  was  a  panel  discussion  in  which  a 
prominent  diplomat,  a  businessman,  an  officer  in  the 
U.  S.  Armed  Forces,  and  a  housewife  participated. 
Discussion  topics  were  "  The  Overseas  Laymen  in 
His  Daily  Work,"  "The  Overseas  Layman  in  Japan," 
"  How  We  Can  Help  Each  Other  Find  Christian 
Faith,"  "  Issues  facing  the  Japanese  Church-Problems 
of  Communication." 

Tsurukawa  Rural  Institute: 

In  our  age  it  is  difficult  to  reach  people  where  they 
are,  for  there  are  so  many  different  occupations,  ways 
of  living  and  strata  of  society.  How  does  the  minis 
ter  find  ways  and  means  of  reaching  his  people  on  a 
common  footing  ?  How  can  he  preach  effectively 
to  them  unless  he  does? 

A  minister  in  a  mining  community  is  more  effective 
if  he  knows  something  about  mining,  its  dangers  and 
difficulties.  So  too  with  farming.  There  are  a  great 
many  farmers  in  the  world,  and  some  ministers  are 
striving  to  get  closer  to  their  church  members  who 
are  farmers  by  learning  about  their  lives. 

In  Japan  this  is  possible  at  the  Tsurukawa  Rural 
Institute  in  Machicla,  a  one-hour  trip  from  the  center 
of  Tokyo. 

It  is  for  men  and  women,  ministers  and  lay  people. 
Students  are  mostly  from  rural  areas.  There  are  about 
sixty  students,  including  those  in  the  theology  depart 
ment,  nursery  teacher  training,  and  the  agricultural 
courses. 

A  part  of  the  work  is  the  carrying  on  of  the  South 
east  Asia  Christian  Rural  Leaders  Training  Course, 
begun  in  1960  and  at  present  headed  by  the  Rev. 
Toshihiro  Takami.  The  course  runs  from  April 


MISSION  OF  THR  CHURCH 

to  December.  Thirteen  people  are  expected  this  year 
from  the  Philippines,  Thailand,  Indonesia,  Taiwan, 
Burma,  Malaysia,  Korea,  Okinawa,  and  New  Guinea. 

Visitation  Evangelism     (Minoru  Okada) 

One  of  the  most  striking  signs  of  a  new  sense  of 
lay  responsibility  is  seen  in  the  increasing  development 
of  visitation  evangelism.  Never  in  recent  history  have 
Church  men  and  women  been  so  intent  on  learning 
how  they  can  be  used  to  bring  others  to  the  Christian 
faith  and  to  the  Church.  Training  schools  in  lay 
evangelism  have  become  an  important  feature  of 
Church  life  in  Japan-. 

The  Committee  on  Visitation  Evangelism  of  NCCJ 
was  first  appointed  in  1953,  and  by  the  grace  of  God 
the  work  has  continued  to  develop  through  the  faith 
ful  ministry  of  wise  pastors  and  consecrated  lay  visit 
ors.  Though  the  facts  and  figures  are  not  available 
for  many  churches,  more  than  two  hundred  of  the 
churches  of  the  United  Church  of  Christ  (Kyodan) 
are  engaged  in  this  type  of  evangelism  and  strenuous 
efforts  are  being  made  to  enlist  the  other  churches 
in  this  important  effort. 

The  main  visitation  evangelism  program  in  1963 
was  as  follows  : 

1.  The    tenth  summer  training  institute  was    held 
at    the    Rikkyo  Camp  in    Karuizawa,    August    21-23, 
with  230  persons  enrolled.     A  winter  training  institute 
for  the  Kansai  area  was  held  at  Sumaso,  Kobe,  with 
210    laymen    in  attendance :     making  a  total    of    440 
persons  who  received  the  special  training  for  visitation 
evangelism. 

2.  District    institutes    were    also  held    in    Shikoku 
and  Tohoku  under  the  same  NCCJ  auspices.     Doubt- 


THE  MISSION  OF  THE  LAITY  253 

less  many  other  similar  institutes  were  conducted  by 
unaffiliated  denominations. 

3.  Members  of  the  Visitation  Evangelism  Com 
mittee  of  the  Kyodan,  together  with  certain  lay  e- 
vangelists,  were  sent  to  all  the  thirteen  districts  of 
the  Kyodan  to  conduct  training  institutes  in  103  places, 
and  about  500  new  lay  evangelists  were  enlisted. 

A  Visitation  Evangelism  Monthly  is  published  for 
the  purpose  of  helping  to  train  lay  evangelists  and 
share  information,  experiences  and  to  serve  as  a  com 
munication  medium  between  interested  churches. 

The  cost  of  conducting  the  nation-wide  institutes 
under  the  auspices  of  NCCJ  has  been  met  by  con 
tributions  from  the  interested  denominations.  Though 
Mission  Boards  cooperating  with  the  Kyodan  have 
shared  the  cost  of  the  program  during  the  first  decade, 
the  Kyodan  Home  Mission  Board  will  bear  the  entire 
cost  from  1964. 

The  work  of  visitation  evangelism  as  it  has  de 
veloped  in  Japan  during  the  past  ten  years  may  be 
briefly  described  as  follows  : 

1.  This  type  of  evangelism  involves  close    cooper 
ation    between    the    pastor    and    each    lay    evangelist. 
Owing    to    the  fact  that  inquirers    or    prospects  come 
from  all  over  town,   the  important  follow-up  work    is 
usually    done    by    a    single    evangelist    in    each    case. 
Usually  the  names  for  visitation  are  assigned  by    the 
pastor  or  church  committee,  with  full  details  recorded 
on  a  visitation  card,   which  also  serves  for    additional 
information. 

2.  The    semiannual    house    to  house   visitation     is 
carried  on    by    teams    of    two    each    and    the    aim    is 
to     visit    all    homes  in  a    given     parish.        At     other 
times    the    main  work    is    with    inquirers,    with    each 
one  assigned  to  a  suitable  evangelist  who  becomes  his 


254  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

friend  and  mentor  as  he  enters  into  the  new  life  in 
Christ.  The  visitation  evangelists  are  also  responsible 
for  calling  on  church  members  who  have  become  in 
active,  with  a  view  to  helping  them  to  get  out  of  their 
backslidden  condition.  These  lay  evangelists  actually 
form  the  vital  nucleus  of  the  various  church  groups ; 
men's  league,  women's  society,  youth  organization 
and  so  on.  In  some  churches  they  meet  in  prayer 
cells  and  engage  in  the  united  prayer  which  is  so 
vital  to  evangelism. 

3.  In  recent  years,  some  of  the  more  earnest  visit 
ation  evangelists  have  become  candidates  for  the 
ministry  or  other  full  time  Christian  vocation  and  are 
now  serving  in  various  fields.  Ministers  have  also 
found  good  wives  among  these  devoted  evangelistic 
women. 

One  pastor  has  recently  related  how  the  pastoral 
and  evangelistic  problems  of  his  church  were  solved 
when  almost  the  entire  congregation  dedicated  their 
lives  to  visitation  evangelism 


CHAPTER  7 

THE  MISSON  TO  YOUTH 
A 

Youth  and  Student  Work 

Delmar  Wedel 

Christian  Youth  Week  has  been  celebrated  by  the 
National  Christian  Council  in  Japan  for  fourteen  years. 
In  1963  the  theme  of  the  special  meetings  held 
throughout  the  country  was  "  Living  Out  the  Gospel." 
And  of  course  this  is  the  symbol  of  what  all  Christian 
youth  organizations  hope  to  do — to  live  out  the  Gospel 
in  their  life  together  and  in  their  concern  for  others. 
Such  a  summary  report  as  this  cannot  reproduce  the 
spirit  and  content  of  all  these  youth  activities  nor 
evaluate  their  significance  at  year's  end.  Yet,  perhaps 
as  you  read  this  sketch  of  youth  study  programs, 
leadership  training  conferences,  and  service  projects, 
you  will  be  able  to  see  some  of  the  purpose  behind 
them  and  some  of  their  significance  for  the  future. 
The  report  will  include  the  youth  activities  of  the 
East  Asian  Christian  Council,  of  the  National  Christian 
Council  in  Japan,  of  the  YMCA  and  the  YWCA, 
and  international  work  camps  and  exchange  projects 
in  which  Japanese  youth  participated. 

For  brevity's  sake,  the  emphasis  will  tend  to  be  on 
the  unique  activites  of  the  year — the  new  concerns 
and  programs,  the  special  evangelistic  efforts.  We 
should  also  remember  the  total  ongoing  program  of 
these  organizations  however :  The  basic  program  of 
all  campus  YM-YWCA's,  for  example,  is  Bible  study 
through  which  the  Christan  members  hope  to  deepen 


256  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

their  own  faith  and  witness  to  the  "seekers"  who 
may  in  most  cases  constitute  half  of  the  participants. 
In  the  student  dormitories,  daily  Bible  study  and 
worship  begins  or  ends  the  day.  While  mentioning 
certain  organizational  details  of  Student-in-Industry 
Seminars  or  Ecumenical  Work  Camps,  we  should  also 
remember  that  the  power  of  such  groups  depends,  as 
it  always  has,  on  the  day-by-day  witness  which  the 
members  make  by  their  service,  their  Christian  fellow 
ship,  and  their  verbal  proclamation  of  the  Good  News 
to  the  school  or  the  factory  or  the  community  in 
which  they  live  and  work.  So  work  camps  may 
become  not  only  a  place  where  Christian  students 
show  their  concern  through  some  work  project  but  a 
place  where  the  non-Christian  campers  are  challenged 
to  make  a  Christian  commitment  and  persons  in  the 
host  community  are  introduced  to  the  implications  of 
a  Christian  decision. 

Leadership  Training 

As  the  year  began,  forty  youth  leaders  gathered  at 
Izu  to  participate  in  the  Fourteenth  NCC  Youth 
Leaders'  Conference.  The  conference  theme  was 
"  Problems  of  Leading  Present  Christian  Youth  "  and 
the  introductory  lecture  was  one  of  special  importance 
to  all  youth  leaders,  "The  Present  Value  System  of 
Japanese  Youth."  As  the  conference  progressed,  the 
relationship  between  recreation  and  evangelism  was 
discussed  and  perspectives  of  the  NCC  were  presented. 
The  YMCA  also  sponsored  several  leadership  training 
programs :  for  its  Hi-Y  leaders,  for  its  physical 
education  workers  (using  the  resources  of  a  visiting 
lecturer— Arthur  Steinhaus  of  George  Williams  Col 
lege) ,  and  for  leaders  of  industrial  youth.  YWCA 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  257 

conferences  for  high  school  and  junior  high  school 
leaders  were  held  on  a  local  and  national  level  and 
about  five  hundred  persons  participated  in  this  training. 

International  Activities 

The  year  1963  was  an  exciting  year  for  the  develop 
ment  of  international  communication  and  exchange 
projects.  The  NCC  continued  to  send  participants  to 
the  International  Work  Camps  in  Hong  Kong,  Korea, 
and  Sarawak.  For  the  YMCA,  it  was  the  seventh 
year  of  involvement  in  the  rural  work  camps  in  the 
Philppines.  Four  students  took  medicine  and  personal 
aid  to  that  program.  Twenty-two  Japanese  attended 
the  YMCA  Asian  Lay-Leaders'  Conference  in  Luala 
Lumpur  and  the  Hi-Y's  of  Osaka  and  Hiroshima 
continued  their  Sister  City  Youth  Exchange  with  high 
school  students  in  San  Francisco  and  Honolulu. 

The  NCC  Ecumenical  Work  Camp  in  1963  (which 
included  students  from  Japan,  Korea,  the  U.S.A., 
and  Hong  Kong)  was  engaged  in  road  construction 
work  at  the  Shimada  Home  for  deficient  children 
from  July  17  to  August  14.  In  addition  to  this,  the 
Student  YMCA  sponsored  an  International  Work 
Camp  at  Uenohara  where  campers  began  preparations 
for  a  Youth  and  Retreat  Center  in  that  city.  Follow 
ing  the  Work  Camp,  an  International  Seminar  met 
at  International  Christian  University. 

In  January,  four  Korean  Youth  Leaders  (1  Methodist 
Church  representative,  1  YMCA  staff,  2  Presbyterian 
Church  representatives)  visited  Japan  for  a  week  at 
the  invitation  of  the  Japan  National  Christian  Council. 
Eleven  Japanese  students  participated  in  a  YMCA 
exchange  project  to  the  Korean  work  camp  and  nine 
Korean  students  returned  the  visit,  attending  con- 


258  MISSION  OP7  THE  CHURCH 

ferences  in  Japan  and  visiting  in  Japanese  homes. 

Kazuo  Hamada  left  for  Peru  as  fraternal  secretary 
from  the  Japan  YMCA  World  Service  to  the  YMCA 
in  that  country.  He  represents  the  third  person  to 
be  sent  abroad  from  the  Japanese  movement. 

Under  the  auspices  of  the  YMCA,  a  joint  com 
mittee  of  Japanese  and  overseas  students  formed  an 
organization  for  International  Student  Services.  The 
purpose  of  this  group  is  to  stimulate  dialogue  between 
Japanese  -students  and  the  growing  number  of  overseas 
students  in  Japan.  A  Weekend  Conversation  at  Oiso 
was  organized  by  this  group  and  the  Kyodan  Com 
mittee  on  Ecumenical  Relations.  The  Y  is  now  plan 
ning  a  series  of  orientation  programs  to  encourage 
personal  encounter  between  Japanese  students  and  the 
nearly  five  thousand  overseas  students  now  studying 
in  Japanese  universities. 

Among  the  efforts  of  Asian  Christians  to  seek  a 
regional  consciousness  has  been  the  work  of  the  East 
Asian  Christian  Conference —  "  an  organ  of  continu 
ing  fellowship  and  cooperation  among  the  churches 
and  Christian  Councils  in  East  Asia."  Nineteen  sixty- 
three  saw  the  Planning  Committee  begin  its  work 
for  the  Asian  Christian  Youth  Assembly  (December 
28,  1964-January  8,  1965).  The  Assembly  to  be  held 
in  Silliman  University,  Philippines,  is  for  young 
adults  representing  a  variety  of  occupations  in  both 
rural  and  urban  areas.  The  quota  for  Japan  is  thirty- 
five.  Participants  will  consider  the  claims  of  the 
Gospel  and  the  Church  and  how  they  relate  to  the 
life  of  Christian  youth  in  Asia  today.  Political  and 
economic  situations  of  the  Asian  nations,  international 
relationships,  and  Christian  unity  will  also  be  con 
sidered. 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  259 

General  Youth  Activities 

The  Japanese  political  situation  received  emphasis 
in  the  YWCA  study  project  for  1963.  The  study 
concentrated  on  an  understanding  of  the  National 
Constitution  and  its  proposed  revisions.  Each  of  the 
larger  city  YMCA's  sponsored  the  study,  and  Business 
Girls'  groups  were  especially  involved  in  it.  Several 
of  the  social  concerns  groups  also  focused  on  this 
issue  as  being  most  important  at  this  time. 

The  YMCA  reports  two  new  developments  occur- 
ing  in  1963.  A  $  2  1/2  million  campaign  is  under 
way  which  will  make  possible  the  construction  of 
eleven  new  YMCA  Youth  Centers.  Also,  as  a  result 
of  discussions  with  the  government  of  Hokkaido,  a 
4,000  acre  development  is  being  planned  at  Kitami, 
Hokkaido,  near  Akan  National  Park.  This  is  one  of 
the  last  primitive  areas  in  Japan.  A  Development 
Secretary  has  been  appointed,  and  the  area  will  be 
developed  for  wilderness  camping  and  family  camping. 

University  Activities 

The  Life  and  Mission  of  the  Church  study  program 
begun  in  1959  under  the  stimulus  of  the  World  Stu 
dent  Christian  Federation  will  continue  into  1964.  It 
is  a  cooperative  study  program  of  the  Kyodan,  Nihon 
Kirisuto  Kyokai,  the  Japan  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Church,  Baptist  Domei,  Baptist  Renmei,  the  Korean 
Church,  and  the  YMCA  and  YWCA.  Besides  its 
continuing  study  of  the  Japanese  Church  situation 
in  relation  to  the  History  of  Student  Christian 
Work  in  Japan,  the  committee  also  sponsored  a 
Leaders'  Seminar  for  pastors,  professors  and  student 
workers  and  a  Bible  Study  Seminar  for  students.  It 


260  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 


continued    its  publication  of  the  quarterly  "The  Dai- 
gaku  Christosha." 

Related  in  concern  and  membership  to  this  LMC 
study  group  are  the  discussions  of  the  Hosaku  linkai. 
This  Strategy  Committee  seeks  to  develop  a  strategy 
of  unified  campus  witness  and  to  discover  a  coopera 
tive  organizational  structure  (of  the  YM-YWCA,  stu 
dent  centers,  and  the  churches)  which  can  best  serve 
that  witness  to  universities  in  Japan.  Although  the 
Hosaku  linkai  has  not  arrived  at  any  definitive  strategy 
for  unified  student  work,  there  are  examples  of  coopera 
tive  relationships  developing.  For  example,  several 
full-time  missionaries  and  pastors  are  associated  now 
with  the  YMCA  in  various  cooperative  student  work 
relationships. 

Besides  the  WSCF  Day  of  Prayer  held  annually  in 
many  countries  throughout  the  world,  Japan's  involve 
ment  in  the  leadership  structure  of  WSCF  is  con 
siderable :  Masao  Takenaka  is  Vice-President  of  the 
Federation ;  Hideyasu  Nakagawa  is  Vice-Chairman 
of  the  Teachers'  Commission ;  Kentaro  Shiozuki  is 
the  Federation's  Asian  staff  person. 

About  475  professors  are  now  members  of  the 
Christian  Scholars  Fellowship  (Daigaku  Christosha  no 
Kai)  closely  associated  with  the  Student  YM-YWCA. 
Under  the  leadership  of  Mikio  Sumiya  of  Tokyo 
University,  its  regional  groups  on  humanities,  social 
and  natural  sciences  were  active  in  1963  and  a  con, 
saltation  of  "Faith,  Learning,  and  Education"  was 
held  on  a  national  level. 

The  Christian  Scholars  Fellowship,  the  LMC  Com 
mittee,  and  the  YM-YWCA  share  responsibility  for 
the  planning  of  the  Second  World  Student  Christian 
Federation  Asian  Conference  on  the  Life  and  Mission 
of  the  Church  to  be  held  in  Japan,  May  19-30,  1964. 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  261 

Seventy  Asian  delegates  (principally  young  university 
teachers  and  graduate  students  planning  to  teach) 
will  meet  at  Oiso  Academy  House  to  focus  on  the 
theme  "University  Man  in  Modernizing  Asia — Christian 
Commitment  and  Academic  Responsibility".  It  is 
expected  that  the  conference  will  be  followed  by  the 
formation  of  an  international  fellowship  of  Christian 
teachers  in  Asian  universities. 

In  the  summer  of  1963,  the  NCC  sponsored  Student- 
in-Industry  Seminars  in  Tokyo  and  Osaka.  In  Tokyo, 
students  worked  at  Origin  Denki,  N.H.K.,  Hakuyosha 
Cleaners,  and  on  construction  projects  like  Tokyo 
subway  during  the  day  and  at  night  on  their  study 
theme  "On  the  Job  Human  Relationships".  In 
Osaka,  the  theme  was  "  The  Life  of  a  Worker  "  and 
the  work  experiences  varied  from  shipyards  to  soap, 
button,  and  paint  factories. 

Hoping  to  demonstrate  its  concern  for  the  Korean 
minority  in  Japan,  the  NCC  Summer  Youth  Caravan 
traveled  to  the  coal  mining  area  of  southern  Japan. 
Here  in  the  Korean  churches  of  Shimonoseki  and 
Kyushu,  five  Japanese  students,  six  Korean  students 
and  one  American  conducted  youth  activities  during 
the  three- week  period  of  the  Caravan. 

This  year  was  the  sixth  annual  visitation  to  this 
same  area  for  members  of  the  Coal  Mining  Children's 
Protection  Association.  This  grass  roots  movement 
originated  with  students  of  Tokyo  Union  Seminary 
and  now  includes  students  from  fifteen  universities 
and  colleges.  One  hundred-fifty  students,  working  in 
churches  in  the  coal  mining  area,  set  up  day  camp 
and  tutoring  services  for  children  of  the  unemployed 
miners.  Students  pay  their  own  transportation  and 
maintenance  expenses  for  the  two-week  period. 

The  72nd  Annual  National  Summer  School  of    the 


262  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

YM-YWCA  was  held  in  Tozanso  where  more  than 
200  students  endeavored  to  discover  "  The  Christian 
Student  Understanding  of  the  Gospel".  In  eight 
regional  conferences,  six  hundred  students  investigated 
various  aspects  of  their  Christian  responsibility  :  "  Stu 
dent  Response  to  the  Gospel,"  "  Living  as  a  Student  ", 
"Response  for  the  Present,"  etc. 

So  this  article  began  with  a  report  of  youth  leaders 
asking  the  important  question  "What  is  the  value 
system  of  Japanese  youth  ?"  and  ends  with  a  report 
of  young  people  asking  "  What  is  the  responsibility 
of  Christian  youth  in  Japan  today  ?"  The  year's 
dialogue  has  been  healthy,  the  response  in  most  cases 
whole-hearted  and  enthusiastic,  and  the  possibilities 
of  the  future  will  be  the  work  of  1964. 


B 
EVANGELICAL  STUDENT  WORK 

Michael  Griffiths 

'Evangelical'  student  work  in  Japan,  as  in  other 
countries,  reflects  a  passion  for  soulwinning,  an  em 
phasis  upon  commitment  to  Christ  and  dedication  to 
His  service  in  obedience  to  the  revealed  Word  of  God, 
The  stand  on  the  Bible  is  in  fact  the  traditional  posi 
tion  of  all  those  true  to  the  historic  Christian  creeds 
and  the  great  doctrinal  confessions  of  the  Protestant 
Reformation,  It  is  not  therefore  surprising  that  such 
work  has  a  wide  interdenominational  representation, 
drawing  its  staff  and  conference  speakers  from  all 
major  Protestant  groups.  For  example,  the  Board  of 
the  Inter- Varsity  Christian  Fellowship  (KGK)  includes 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  263 

Lutheran,  Reformed,  Baptist  and  Holiness  church 
leaders,  while  its  speakers  are  drawn  as  much  from 
the  older  Japanese  churches,  as  the  more  recent 
postwar  groups. 

Social  implications  are  not  judged  to  be  unimportant, 
in  that  great  stress  is  placed  upon  practical  and 
transformed  daily  living.  But  students,  like  everybody 
else,  must  be  born  again  of  the  Spirit  of  God,  and 
then  nurtured  in  the  wholesome  teaching  of  the  Bible 
before  they  can  be  expected  to  have  a  truly  Christian 
attitude  to  anything.  Some  of  the  problems  of  Christ 
ian  application  are  more  relevant,  and  can  be  ham 
mered  out  more  intelligently  by  groups  of  graduates, 
wellgrounded  in  Christian  doctrine  as  students,  and 
who  need  now  to  apply  this  to  the  problems  they 
encounter  in  daily  living. 

The  first  aim  then  of  such  evangelical  activity  is 
the  conversion  of  unbelievers  to  Christ,  induced  by 
the  supernatural  work  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  resulting  in 
the  new  birth.  Conversion,  and  baptism  in  their  own 
local  church  must  come  first.  Indeed,  all  such  inter 
denominational  work  is  careful  to  stress  its  subsidiary 
role  as  a  handmaid  of  the  churches,  eschewing  any 
Sunday  gatherings,  and  insisting  on  church  attendance 
even  before  conversion.  Then  follows  systematic  in 
struction  in  Biblical  doctrine  leading  to  practical  ap 
plication  to  daily  living  and  winning  others  to  Christ. 

As  with  a  great  deal  of  evangelical  work  in  Japan, 
its  strength  as  well  as  its  weakness  lies  in  its  diversity. 
Numberless  individuals  with  a  spontaneous  and  Holy 
Ghost  inspired  concern  for  the  salvation  of  young 
men  and  women,  as  well  as  local  churches,  denomina 
tions  and  missions,  are  working  among  the  four  million 
High  School  children  and  the  three  quarters  of  a 
million  University  students.  The  English  and  Japanese 


264  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Bible  Classes  continue  to  be  an  attraction  for  students, 
and  have  certainly  been  used  down  through  the  years 
to  bring  many  to  Christ,  and  nurture  them  in  the 
faith. 

Student  Centres,  off  campus,  either  independant  or 
denominational,  have  in  some  cases  done  notable 
work,  though  the  heavy  overheads  mean  that  they 
often  remain  dependant  upon  overseas  support.  Many 
mission  groups  hold  Summer  Camps  for  University 
and  High  School  students-and  the  Matsubara-Ko  Camp 
organised  by  the  Evangelical  Alliance  Mission  is  one 
fine  example  among  about  50  others  of  this  kind.  In 
a  short  space  it  is  quite  impossible  to  mention  all 
those  agencies  which  do  some  work  among  students, 
but  at  the  national  level  there  are  three  main  move 
ments  whose  activity  is  devoted  exclusively  to  students. 
It  is  perhaps  interesting  to  observe  that  even  when  a 
movement  takes  its  initial  inspiration  from  abroad, 
those  elements  regarded  in  Japan  as  most  offensively 
garish  are  often  quite  painlessly  extracted  and  smoothed 
out  in  the  process  of  becoming  a  truly  Japanese 
movement. 

At  the  High  School  level  such  interdenominational 
work  is  carried  out  by  Hi-BA  (High  School  Born 
Againers]  or  High  School  Evangelism  Fellowship. 
The  staff  of  five  full  time  evangelists  (all  men)  and 
four  missionaries  are  led  by  Mr.  Akira  Horiuchi  and 
Mr.  Kenneth  Clark.  The  staff  members  hold  regular 
weekly  meetings  in  various  centres  in  Kanto  and 
Kansai,  to  which  Christian  students  are  encouraged 
to  bring  their  unconverted  friends.  Often  these  Christ 
ians  themselves  hold  small  informal  Bible  study 
groups  within  their  own  schools.  The  summer 
camp  programme  is  an  integral  part  of  the  work — 
there  is  a  preparatory  course  of  counsellor  training, 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  265 

and  the  camps  are  well  organised  and  efficiently 
run.  For  example,  everyone  must  come  at  the  begin 
ning  and  stay  to  the  end  !  Many  find  Christ  as 
Saviour  first  at  these  camps.  Naturally  not  all  those 
who  attend  Hi-BA  meetings  are  necessarily  converted, 
nor  do  all  who  profess  to  be  converted,  necessarily 
prove  to  have  been  genuinely  born  of  the  Spirit.  But 
many  fine  dedicated  Christian  young  men  and  women 
entering  the  Universities  were  brought  to  Christ  through 
the  ministry  of  Hi-BA. 

Among  University  students,  the  indiginous  K.G.K. 
(Kirisutosha  Gakusei  Kai}  sometimes  known  as  the 
Japan  I.V.C.F.  (Inter- Varsity  Christian  Fellowship) 
began  spontaneously  directly  after  the  war  when  some 
students  at  Waseda  University  began  to  meet  for 
prayer  and  Bible-study  in  1947,  and  they  first  used 
the  name  of  KGK.  In  the  early  days  the  movement 
was  much  helped  and  nurtured  by  missionaries  as 
sociated  with  the  Ochanomizu  Student  Centre,  notably 
Miss  Irene  Webster-Smith,  and  while  it  has  been 
independant  of  the  Centre  now  for  some  years,  its 
national  office  is  still  at  the  Centre  and  close  and 
cordial  relations  are  maintained  with  this  and  other 
centres,  for  example,  the  Waseda  Centre  initiated  by 
Charles  Corwin. 

KGK  works  on  the  *  pure  group  '  philosophy  be 
lieving  that  the  best  witness  to  students  is  made  by 
their  fellow  students,  so  that  student  leadership  and 
initiative  is  encouraged,  while  church  pastors,  univer 
sity  professors  and  KGK  staff  are  used  as  speakers. 
The  spring  and  summer  conferences,  with  about  ten 
held  each  year  over  the  different  regions,  are  organised 
by  the  students  themselves.  They  select  themes, 
invite  speakers,  choose  sites  and  chair  all  the  meetings. 
The  staff  is  small  and  highly  mobile — the  General 


266  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Secretary,  Mr  Hisashi  Ariga,  travelling  indefatigably 
around  the  provinces  south  of  Tokyo,  while  Mr  Hisa- 
yuki  Takahashi  travels  in  Tohoku  and  Hokkaido. 
There  are  three  other  Japanese  fulltime  workers,  and 
two  or  three  missionaries  (seconded  by  their  missions 
at  KGK's  request)  working  from  a  more  local  base, 
as  well  as  a  loyal  band  of  pastors  (many  of  them  old 
members)  and  missionaries  who  give  generous  volun 
tary  help. 

Stress  is  also  placed  both  upon  private  personal 
devotions  daily  (thus  the  first  KGK  publication  was 
*  The  Quiet  Time ')  and  also  upon  the  corporate 
Daily  Prayer  Meeting  on  campus.  New  groups  start 
ing  are  encouraged  to  begin  with  prayer  meetings 
only,  seeking  the  blessing  and  guidance  of  God  first, 
and  only  then  beginning  any  regular  open  meetings. 
Waseda  University  has  a  Daily  Prayer  Meeting  now 
entering  its  seventeenth  year. 

Apart  from  direct  on-campus  activity,  KGK  has 
engaged  in  publishing  and  some  notable  contributions 
have  been  the  well-known  one  volume  IVF  New  Bible 
Commentary  and  'Towards  Christian  Marriage'.  More 
recently  KGK  has  been  concentrating  on  publishing 
books  written  for  the  thinking  non-Christian,  and 
distributing  them  through  secular  channels  to  ordinary 
bookstores— the  late  Prof.  C.S.  Lewis  '  Beyond  Pre- 
sonality '  was  the  first  of  this  new  series  of  books  of 
apologetics. 

The  work  is  almost  entirely  supported  financially 
by  a  small  band  of  young  graduate  supporters.  This 
June  the  KGK  plans  two  series  of  special  evangelistsc 
meetings  in  Tokyo,  a  regular  use  of  correspondence 
courses  and  will  begin  sponsorship  of  a  radio  pro 
gramme  whose  listening  audience  is  mainly  student. 

A  newcomer  on  the  scene  is  the  Campus    Crusade 


THE  MISSION  TO  YOUTH  267 

for  Christ,  which  began  in  the  United  States  fairly 
recently,  and  is  actively  promoting  sister  movements 
in  other  parts  of  the  world  where  it  is  not  as  yet 
represented.  In  Japan  they  have  an  office  at  8,  1- 
chome,  Kudan,  Chiyodo  Ku,  Tokyo  (262-5015)  and 
the  Japan  Director  is  Mr.  Kosuke  Maki.  They  have 
an  attractive  programme  of  camps,  beautifully  adver 
tised,  and  there  are  three  other  fulltime  workers. 
Getting  off  the  ground  is  often  difficult  until  a  move 
ment  is  known,  and  it  is  probably  too  early  yet  to 
know  how  this  movement  will  develope  in  Japan. 
Doctrinally  and  in  activities  they  differ  little  from 
KGK  and  HiBA  though  they  have  their  own  me 
thodology  in  evangelism  and  workers  are  trained  at 
Arrowhead  Springs  in  the  approved  methods.  Staff 
leadership  is  stressed,  but  whether  this  will  appeal  to 
all  students  has  yet  to  be  seen.  Support  is  largely 
from  abroad  though  vigorous  attempts  are  being  made 
to  raise  funds  in  this  country. 

The  diversity  of  evangelical  student  work  is  not 
without  its  advantages — for  what  matters  to  the  pastors 
and  missionaries,  to  laymen  and  graduates  on  univer 
sity  staffs,  as  well  as  to  the  organised  societies  is  that 
like  Paul,  we  might  *  by  all  means  save  some  '.  What 
matters  is  not  initials,  denominations,  societies  or 
methods — so  long  as  there  is  a  stream  of  young  men 
and  women,  born  again  and  instructed  in  the  Word 
of  God,  their  lives  devoted  to  the  service  of  the 
Master  we  all  love,  pouring  into  the  churches  and 
into  the  society  of  Japan. 


CHAPTER  8 

CHURCH,  MISSION,  AND  MISSIONARY- 
PATTERNS  OF  COOPERATION 

John  Barksdale 

Japan  presents  a  wide  variety  of  church-mission  and 
church-missionary  patterns  of  cooperation.  This  is 
due  to  the  existence  here  of  a  great  variety  of  national 
churches  and  overseas  mission  groups,  all  of  which 
are  in  differing  stages  of  development.  Some  have 
a  history  of  a  hundred  years ;  others  have  come  or 
developed  since  World  War  II.  It  will  be  the  purpose 
of  this  chapter  to  survey  briefly  the  present  patterns 
of  relationship,  with  emphasis  upon  the  developments 
since  1958,  when  this  topic  was  covered  in  a  Yearbook 
survey  of  postwar  Protestant  missons  to  that  date. 
This  survey  will  be  narrower  in  scope,  however, 
attempting  to  summarize  only  the  field  of  church- 
missionary  relationships. 

Stated  more  precisely,  the  topic  to  be  considered 
is  the  formal  structure  of  misson — or  missionary — 
church  relationships,  and  how  this  structure  is  mani 
fested  in  the  following  areas :  1)  matters  involving 
the  personal  life  of  the  missionary,  such  as  housing, 
salary,  education  of  children,  etc.  :  2)  the  call,  as 
signment,  evaluation,  and  reassignment  of  mission 
aries;  3)  the  planning  and  execution  of  evangelism, 
church  extenstion,  Christian  education,  medical  and 
social  work,  etc.  Since  it  is  impossible  to  cover  all 
cases,  the  following  have  been  selected  as  being  re 
presentative  of  a  wide  variety  of  churches  in  respect 
to  size,  doctrine,  organization,  etc. 


268  A 


INTER-MISSION    SERVICES 
YUGEN   KAISHA 

Missionaries'  Community  Store 

Consult  us  on  your  problems : 


GROCERIES 
SHIPPING 

GENERAL  MERCHANDISE 
INFORMATOIN  etc. 


'•V^Vi'VSx'****^'* 


40  Nampeidai-Machi,  Shibuya-Ku,  Tokyo 

X  #  SB  &  S  K  m  ¥  a  HI  40  &  itb 
Phone:   (461)   5881,  8870 


•.^••.•••^•^••.••w^1? 


268  B 


KOBE  YMCA  HOSTEL 


For  your  ccnvicnccc  we  recommend  you 
make  your  reservations  in  advance,  due 


to  the  influx-of-Tourist,  during  Vs.    // 
the  Olympic  Games  in  Japan  y// 
-1964- 

— Rates- 
Single  rooms  —¥500  to  ¥1000  daily- 
Twin   room  with   bath    —¥3000—   daily 
Twin   rooms    — with   out   Private    bath — 
¥1200— to  ¥1400  daily 

Kobe  —YMCA— 

75,  2-clic:ne,   Nakayamate-Dori,   Ikutc-Ku,  Kobe  Japan. 
Tel  :      (33)   0  1  2  3—4 


YOKOHAMA  Y  W  C  A 
Hostel 

Western  Style,  Breakfast 
Served,  if  desired 

ADDRESS 

225  Yamashita-cho  Naka-ku 

Yokohama 
Tel.  (68)  2903 


Y  W  C  A   Rest-House 

(Lacy  Cottage) 

ADDRESS 

No.  4245  Akiya,  Yokosuka 
Tel.  Okusu  110 


Welcome 

to 

YOKOHAMA  YMCA  HOSTEL 

Make  yourself  at  home. 
You  are  never  a  stranger. 

Helpful  quiet:    Economical 
Good  location  to  the  Pier: 


YOKOHAMA  YMCA 

1-7,  Tokiwa-cho,  Naka-ku 

Yokohama 
Tel:     (68)  4264 


268  C 


NAOMI 

EVERY    MINISTER    LOOKS 

NICE    AND    DIGNIFIED 

IN    NAOMI'S    GOWN 

PULPIT  GOWN,    STALL    CHOIR   GOWN 
ROBE,    ALTER     CLOTH,     PULPIT     COVER 


NAOMI  DRESS  MAKER 

3-1,   Ginza-Higashi,   Chuo-ku,   Tokyo 
Tel.  (541)  6661  •  0618 

NAOMI  FOUNDATION  HOME 

2-44,  Tamagawa-Todoroki,  Setagaya,  Tokyo 
Tel.  (701)  3481  •  9813 


BRANCH  SHOP  in  Kyobunkivan 

Tel.  (561)  8446    Ext.  4 


Mountain  Lodge 

"  Nishitake-Ryo  " 

is  open  in  Okunakayama 

for  your  conference 

for  your  vacation 

in  all  seasons 
Tel.  Okunakayama  35(2) 


Japan  Church  World  Service 
561-4774 


Japan 
W  C  T  U 

Nineteen  district  Unions  with 
130  local  Unions 

PLACE 

3-360  Hyakunin-cho,  Shinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo 

CHIEF  DIRECTORS 

President : 

Mrs.  Ochimi  Kubushiro 
Recording  Secretary 

Mrs.  Ochimi  Kubushiro 
Vice  President : 

Mrs.  Kuni  Sawano 
Coresponding  Secretary 

Mrs.  Masako  Munakata 
Treasurer  :         Miss  Tame  Obata 


268  D 


TOKYO  SANITARIUM  HOSPITAL 

171  Amanuma  1-chome,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Telephone  :     391  -  5161  (REP.) 

and 
HARAJUKU  MEDICAL  OFFICE 

(Including  X-Ray,  Laboratory  and  Pharmacy} 

164    Onden    3-chome,     Shibuya-ku,     Tokyo 

At  the  corner  of  30th   and   Yoyogi  Streets 

Near  Harajuku  Station 

Telephone  :     401  -  1282 

Western  style  and  Japanese  style  service  available 

Notice :     When  leaving  Japan  ask  for  a  Certificate  of  Vaccination. 


Your  Only  Complete 

Imported  Drug   Service 

in  Japan 

Prescription  Service 
Baby  Needs 
Toiletries 
Cosmetic 
Household  Needs 
Greeing  Cards,  etc. 


American  Pharmacy 

Nikkatau  Int'l  Bldg,  Tokyo. 

(271)  4034 
Kobe  Branch  Store:  Tor  Road. 

(3)  1352 


To  place  your 

ADVERTISEMENT 

in 

THE  JAPAN  CHRISTIAN 
YEAR  BOOK 

and 
THE  JAPAN  CHRISTIAN 

QUARTERLY 
...Widely  Circulated 
English  Publications . . . 
Please  request  an  Appli 
cation  form  from  our 
office  aud  send  it  back 
with  the  needed  informa 
tion. 

KYO  BUN  KWAN  JIGYOSHA 


No.  2,  4-CHOME,  GINZA,  CHUO-KU, 
TOKYO         Tel:  (561)  8440,  3263,  1211 
BRANCH  OSAKA: 
NO.    9,    3CHOME,    DOSHUMACHI, 
HIGASHI-KU,  OSAKASHI 

Tel :  (202)  8403 


268  E 

*••*••***«'*.•"*.•"»«•*»«•*»•"•«•**••*»•"•,••»•••»•"•.*•».••»••*. 


CARDIOVASCULAR 
DISEASE 

DR.  TARO  TAKEMI 

Hours  :  9  a.  m.  -  -  12  a.  m.  Monday.  Friday 

Telephone:  561—8201 

3rd  Floor 
KYO-BUN-KWAN  BLDG. 

(Opposite  to  Matsuya  Dcpt.  Store) 

2,  4-chome,  Ginza  St.,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
DENTIST 

DR.  HL  SHINGAI 

Dental  and  Oral  Work. 
Done  by  Expert  at  Moderate  Charges. 


Hours  :     9  a.  m. — 5  p.  m. 

Bible  Bldg.  (Kyobunkwan)  3rd  Floor 
(Opposite  to  Matsuya  Dept.  Store) 

2,  Ginza  4-chome,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Telephone :     561-1061 


268  F 


KINUGASA   HOSPITAL 

from  Devastation 
to  Reconstruction 

Appeal  for  Reconstruction  Help 

Since  its  opening  on  August  11,  1947,  this 
Hospital  has  attempted  in  the  Name  of  Christ 
to  serve  the  community  at  large  as  a  medical 
and  social  welfare  center.  On  January  6,  1960 
the  greater  part  of  the  facilities  was  destroyed  by  fire.  This  tragedy 
necessitated  the  reconstruction  of  the  hospital  and  the  first  of  the  three 
stages  of  reconstruction  was  completed  in  late  May  1963  as  shown  in  the 
pictures  here  attached.  We  express  our  sincere  gratitude  and  appreciation 
for  the  help  given  by  every  phase  of  the  community,  not  only  from  inland 
but  over  sea. 

The  Hospital  is  still  in  need  of  such  devices    as    wards,    elevator,    steam 
heating  system  to  install  in  a  possible  earliest  day. 

An  attractive  brochure  in  English  giving  details  about  the  Hospital   and 
the  reconstruction  program  will  be  sent  upon  inquiry. 

We  appreciate  any  support  that  you  can  give  this  Hospital. 


Director :  Toshihiko  Aliyachi 

Chairman  Board  of  Trustees  : 

Toshio  Suekane 

General     Contributions     are 

handled  by  : 

Kinugasa    Hospital    Office 

P.  O.    Savings    Transfer: 

Yokohama  #  13963 


JAPAN  PROTESTANT 
MEDICAL  MISSION 
222    Koyabe-cho,    Yokosuka,    Japan 


KINUGASA  HOSPITAL 

Tel:    (5)    1182    (Yokosuka  0468) 


PATTERNS  OF  COOPERATION  269 

I.     N.C.C.-related 

A.  United  Church  of  Christ  (Kyodan) .  The  funda 
mental  pattern  of  missionary-church  relation  in  the 
United  Church  is  well-known  and  has  not  basically  altered 
in  the  past  six  years.  Seven  denominations  (United 
Presbyterian,  U.S.A.,  Methodist,  Disciples  of  Christ, 
Evangelical  United  Brethren,  United  Church  of  Canada, 
United  Church  of  Christ,  U.S.A.,  Reformed  Church 
of  America)  cooperate  with  the  United  Church  through 
the  Interboard  Committee  (IBC) ,  with  offices  in  New 
York.  These  churches  have  no  mission  organization 
in  Japan ;  their  missionaries  are  integrated  into  the 
United  Church  organization.  All  matters  involving 
the  assignment  and  work  of  missionaries  and  coopera 
tion  between  the  overseas  churches  and  the  United 
Church  are  handled  by  a  Council  of  Cooperation 
(COC)  with  offices  in  Tokyo,  consisting  of  eleven 
members  of  the  United  Church,  eight  members  elected 
by  Kyodan -related  schools,  six  members  from  Kyodan- 
related  social  work  agencies,  and  ten  members  elected 
by  the  IBC,  upon  receiving  nominations  from  the 
field.  Each  missionary  is  a  full  member  of  the  United 
Church  and  of  the  district  in  which  his  work  is 
located,  while  at  the  same  time  retaining  his  member 
ship  in  his  home  church  body.  Missionaries  are 
eligible  to  become  pastors  (when  ordained),  to  serve 
on  committees,  to  be  elected  as  voting  members  of 
the  district  meeting  or  General  Assembly,  etc. 

Matters  pertaining  to  missionary  housing,  personal 
work  allowances,  education  of  children,  etc.,  are  still 
left  up  to  the  missionaries  themselves,  being  supervised 
by  the  IBC  Missionary  Field  Committee,  composed  of  the 
missionary  representatives  on  the  COC.  All  other 
matters  involving  missionaries,  however,  are  handled 


270  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

by  the  COC  and  the  district,  institution  or  other 
Church  body  to  which  the  missionary  is  assigned. 
Missionaries  are  assigned  by  the  COC  in  answer  to 
requests  from  districts  and  institutions.  Their  recall 
after  furlough  is  subject  to  a  favorable  vote  by  the 
COC.  Requests  for  financial  aid  from  institutions, 
church  agencies  and  districts,  for  such  purposes  as 
aid  to  pioneer  evangelism  projects,  etc.,  are  directed 
to  the  Mission  Boards  through  the  COC. 

A  persistent  problem  since  the  beginning  of  the 
present  organization  has  been  the  lack  of  any  definite 
relation  between  the  Christian  schools  with  their  tradi 
tional  overseas  relationships,  and  the  United  Church. 
In  1962  the  Constitution  of  the  United  Church  was 
amended  so  as  to  define  this  relationship  from  the 
church's  standpoint,  but  the  schools  (thirty-five  in  all) 
continue  to  call  themselves  IBC -related  rather  than 
United  Church-related.  Recently  the  schools,  through 
the  COC,  have  decided  that  they  will  discontinue 
their  old  individual  ties  and  ask  for  a  lump-sum  con 
tribution  for  educational  work,  which  will  then  be 
apportioned  by  the  COC. 

In  regard  to  aid  for  church  building,  evangelists' 
salaries,  etc.,  the  church  has  various  plans  for  which 
it  has  requested  IBC  aid.  Some  of  these  are  the 
"D"  plan,  which  provides  ¥400,000  per  year  for 
three  years  for  high  potential  projects,  or  the  "E" 
plan,  which  subsidizes  a  new  project  on  a  diminishing 
scale  over  a  period  of  seven  years.  Approximately 
35%  of  the  United  Church  Headquarters  budget 
comes  from  overseas  sources.  In  1962  a  campaign 
was  begun  to  raise  $  2,780,000  in  ten  years,  to  enable 
the  church  to  become  self-supporting,  except  for  such 
expensive  items  as  TV  and  radio  broadcasting,  theologi 
cal  education  and  some  types  of  building. 


PATTERNS  OF  COOPERATION  271 

The  United  Church  has  other  missionary  relation 
ships  besides  the  IBC.  It  allows  full  status  to  in 
dividual  missionaries,  at  their  request,  of  groups  with 
which  it  is  not  officially  related.  Some  who  have 
this  status  of  '*  Cooperating  Missionary  "  are  members 
of  the  German  East  Asia  Mission  and  the  German 
Midnight  Mission.  The  former  mission  has  offered 
financial  aid  for  evangelism  in  new  apartment  develop 
ments.  Still  another  type  of  relationship  has  been 
established  recently  with  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
U.S.,  some  missionaries  of  which  had  hitherto  been 
"Cooperating  Missionaries".  It  has  become  an  as 
sociate  member  of  the  IBC.  All  mission  members 
who  wish  to  work  with  the  United  Church  will 
henceforth  do  so  through  the  regular  IBC-COC  chan 
nels.  This  church  will  differ  from  other  IBC  churches, 
however,  in  maintaining  at  the  same  time  official  ties 
with  another  Japanese  denomination,  the  Christian 
Reformed  Church,  and  also  in  continuing  some  kind 
of  mission  organization  to  deal  with  institutions  and 
work  related  to  neither  denomination.  The  American 
Beptists  are  currently  studying  a  similar  arrangement 
with  the  United  Church,  while  maintaining  their 
connection  with  the  Japan  Baptist  Union. 

The  United  Church  has  recently  completed  a  re- 
study  of  the  role  of  the  missionary  in  the  Japanese 
Church.  Answers  to  questionnaires  sent  to  both 
nationals  and  missionaries  indicate  that  the  large 
majority  favor  a  continuation  of  the  present  general 
type  of  relation.  Some  recommendations  for  improve 
ment  were  that  the  church  take  more  responsibility 
for  missionary  orientation  ;  that  more  careful  job  descrip 
tions  be  given  when  missionaries  are  requested  ;  that 
the  districts  really  carry  out  the  present  provision  for 
the  receiving  and  guidance  of  new  personnel ;  and  that 


272  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

the  COC  confer  with  the  missionary  before  going 
on  furlough  for  evaluation  and  reassignment,  rather 
than  reassigning  while  on  furlough. 
B.  Anglican  Episcopal  Church  of  Japan.  This  is 
a  case  of  perhaps  even  more  complete  integration. 
Though  the  church  contains  a  substantial  number  of 
overseas  personnel,  sent  by  various  societies  from  the 
U.S.,  England,  Canada  and  Australia,  the  church 
requests  them  originally,  stations  them,  and  defines 
their  area  of  work.  They  are  directly  responsible  to 
the  bishop,  school,  etc.,  as  the  case  may  be. 

American  personnel  retain  their  membership  in  the 
home  church,  but  for  all  practical  purposes  are  treated 
as  having  full  church  membership  in  Japan,  being 
invited  to  participate  (if  clergymen)  in  diocese  elec 
tions.  British  personnel  are  considered  to  belong  only 
to  the  church  in  Japan  as  long  as  they  are  here ;  yet 
they  move  freely  back  into  the  home  church  upon 
return.  There  is  a  central  office  of  the  American 
Episcopal  Church  which,  at  the  request  of  the  Japan 
Church,  handles  matters  of  missionary  salary,  housing, 
pastoral  advice,  etc.  British  missionary  societies  de 
signate  one  person  for  the  same  purpose. 

The  church  requests  aid  from  overseas  for  new 
church  and  institution  projects  through  this  office, 
which  studies  them,  makes  suggestions,  and  recom 
mends  them  to  the  overseas  churches  if  they  seem 
wise.  With  about  $  100,000  from  overseas  sources 
the  church  has  set  up  a  revolving  loan  fund  for 
building. 

The  well-known  project,  KEEP,  at  Kiyosato,  which 
has  received  much  help  from  the  U.S.,  is  independent 
of  church  control,  but  is  Anglican  in  all  matters  of 
worship  and  church  life. 

With  vigorous  young  leadership,   this  second  largest 


PATTERNS  OF  COOPERATION  273 

Protestant  church  in  Japan  has  shown  marked  maturity 
and  initiative  in  recent  years,  especially  since  its  100th 
anniversary  in  1959. 

C.  Baptist  Convention  of  Japan.  This  denomina 
tion  is  assisted  by  the  Southern  Baptist  Mission,  but 
the  church  and  mission  remain  independent  bodies 
with  no  organizational  connection.  This  means, 
naturally,  that  the  mission  is  responsible  for  the 
salaries,  housing,  etc.,  of  its  missionaries.  Final 
decision  as  to  assignment  of  missionaries  is  the  re 
sponsibility  of  the  mission,  but  only  after  consultation 
with  the  Convention's  personnel  committee.  The 
mission  attempts  no  evangelistic  work  on  its  own. 
All  its  members  move  their  church  membership  from 
American  churches  to  specific  local  churches  in  Japan, 
and  as  individuals  they  have  the  same  status  as 
Japanese  members.  If  elected  they  may  be  voting 
messengers  to  the  Annual  Meeting.  All  may  attend 
and  express  opinions.  Some  serve  as  associate  staff 
officers  of  the  Convention,  officially  under  the  direction 
of  the  Japanese  officers.  An  evangelistic  effort  such 
as  the  New  Life  Movement  in  1963,  though  proposed 
by  the  overseas  church,  must  be  approved  by  the 
Convention.  Though  the  above  campaign  was  en 
thusiastically  accepted  by  the  great  majority  of  the 
Convention,  some  strong  statements  were  made  in 
opposition,  and  under  Baptist  polity,  those  churches 
which  did  not  wish  to  cooperate  were  free  to  hold 
aloof. 

The  mission  makes  outright  capital  grants  of  un 
specified  amounts  for  land,  up  to  two  million  yen  for 
the  church  building,  and  up  to  one  million  yen  for 
the  pastor's  dwelling  or  building  of  a  pioneer  project. 
The  priority  of  these  projects,  and  the  amounts,  are 
determined  by  the  Convention.  There  is  also  a  Re- 


274  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

volving  Loan  Fund,  administered  by  the  Convention, 
with  the  requirement  that  the  loan  be  repaid  in  five 
years,  though  there  is  some  discussion  concerning  the 
advisability  of  increasing  to  ten  years.  The  mission 
also  makes  outright  grants  to  institutions,  such  as  its 
hospital  in  Kyoto  and  Seinan  Gakuin  in  Fukuoka. 
The  mission  subsidizes  salaries  of  the  pastors  of  preach 
ing  stations.  Most  pastors  of  organized  churches  do 
not  receive  any  subsidy,  but  about  ten  of  these  still 
do.  This  also  is  done  according  to  priorities  set  by 
the  Convention. 

A  proposal  to  the  Convention  will  be  made  this 
year  to  decrease  subsidies  by  25%  per  year  after  the 
fifth  year,  in  order  to  increase  incentive.  The  Con 
vention  has  begun  to  take  responsibility  for  its  own 
outreach  by  establishing  a  Cooperative  Evangelism 
Fund.  By  making  small  contributions  from  this  fund 
to  Seinan  and  the  hospital,  the  Convention  is  stating 
its  sense  of  relation  to  and  responsibility  for  these 
institutions. 

D.  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  of  Japan.  This 
denomination  is  the  result  of  the  union  in  1963  of 
the  Japan  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  and  the  Tokai 
Evangelical  Lutheran  Church.  Associated  with  it  are 
the  missionaries  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  America, 
the  American  Lutheran  Church,  the  Lutheran  Evan 
gelical  Association  of  Finland,  the  Denmark  Mission 
Society,  the  Christian  Mission  to  Buddhists,  and  the 
North  German  Mission  Society.  A  seminary,  several 
schools,  and  also  welfare  institutions  are  connected 
with  the  church. 

New  patterns  of  overseas-Japan  relations  are  in  the 
process  of  development.  In  January  of  this  year  a 
Committee  for  Cooperation  was  established  which  will 
be  roughly  equivalent  to  the  Council  of  Cooperation 


PATTERNS  o£  COOPERATION  2?5 

of  the  United  Church.  A  significant  difference, 
however,  is  that  besides  the  church  representatives, 
the  Committee  will  be  composed  of  representatives 
directly  from  the  related  boards  who  will  come  to 
Japan  for  the  meetings.  Thus  an  even  more  direct 
church-to-church  relation  is  hoped  for  than  obtains  in 
the  United  Church.  Requests  for  personnel  and  funds 
will  be  directed  to  the  cooperating  boards  through 
this  Committee.  It  will  assign  missionaries  to  various 
places  of  work.  As  in  the  case  of  the  United  Church, 
missionaries  hold  membership  both  in  their  home 
churches  and  in  the  Japanese  church.  They  are 
voting  members  of  the  Convention. 

Approximately  one  third  of  the  churches  are  fully 
self-supporting.  Others  receive  varying  degrees  of  aid 
from  the  church,  much  of  this  coming  from  abroad. 
The  only  condition  laid  down  for  aid  for  building  is 
that  the  local  congregation  provide  ten  per  cent. 

II.     Non-NC.C.-related 

A.  Japan  Alliance  Christian  Church  (The  Evan 
gelical  Alliance  Mission — TEAM)  In  this  case  the 
mission  and  the  church  have  the  same  legal  holding 
body,  but  mission  and  church  operate  on  separate 
parallel  lines.  The  mission  not  only  concerns  itself 
with  matters  having  to  do  with  missionaries  them 
selves,  but  it  pursues  an  evangelistic  program  as  a 
mission,  hiring  evangelists,  etc.  The  missionaries  of 
any  locality  are  free  to  plan  the  work  for  their  own 
area,  deciding  upon  the  preaching  points,  but  the 
location  of  a  missionary  residence  must  be  finally 
approved  by  the  mission.  Missionaries  usually  do  not 
belong  to  churches  in  Japan,  but  there  are  some  cases 
of  dual  membership.  As  a  rule,  after  a  preaching 


276  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

point  has  been  well-established  and  is  ready  to  become 
independent,  it  elects  to  join  the  Alliance  Church, 
but  this  is  optional  and  some  remain  independent. 
There  is  in  practice,  of  course,  much  consultation 
between  the  church  and  mission  in  such  matters  as  plac 
ing  missionaries  or  opening  new  work,  but  there  is 
no  formal  requirement. 

It  has  been  the  policy  of  TEAM  not  to  give  national 
churches  financial  aid,  but  to  insist  on  self-support 
from  the  start.  This  principle  is  held  in  common  by 
many  of  the  conservative  evangelical  groups.  In  view 
of  actual  circumstances,  however,  some  few  exceptions 
have  come  to  be  admitted.  Also,  the  mission  has 
provided  the  church  with  a  loan  fund  for  land  and 
building.  It  is  administered  wholly  by  the  church. 

The  Alliance  Church,  as  well  as  the  other  denomina 
tions  associated  with  conservative  evangelical  missions, 
many  of  which  have  only  a  post-war  history,  has 
shown  increased  growth  and  maturity  during  the  past 
six  years. 

B.  Japan  Christian  Presbyterian  Church.  This  is 
one  of  the  many  very  small  groups  which  have  de 
veloped  as  the  result  of  post-war  conservative  witness. 
Born  from  the  work  of  missionaries  of  the  Evangeli 
cal  Presbyterian  Church  (U.S.A.),  it  is  now,  in  spite 
of  its  short  history  and  small  numbers,  an  independent 
Japanese  church,  with  its  own  presbytery.  Mission 
aries  are  honorary  members  of  the  presbytery,  and 
serve  on  committees,  but  they  have  no  vote.  Here 
again  the  policy  is  to  encourage  self-support,  and  the 
mission  does  not  buy  land  or  build  churches.  It  will 
lend  up  to  ten  per  cent  of  building  costs  to  a  church 
which  already  has  a  program  going.  Most  pastors 
must  supplement  their  income  with  outside  work. 
This  is  true,  incidentally,  for  many  pastors  in  all 


PA'ITERNS  OF  COOPERATION  277 

churches. 

C.  Others.  Most  of  the  conservative  groups  seem 
to  favor  organizational  separation  from  the  correspond 
ing  Japanese  church  and  emphasize  self-support  and 
independence  of  the  Japanese  church.  One  exception 
to  the  former  rule  is  the  Immanuel  General  Mission, 
a  Japanese  church  into  which  the  Wesleyan  Methodist 
missionaries  are  completely  integrated,  and  work  under 
the  direction  of  national  leadership.  Many  variations 
in  the  latter  policy  are  to  be  observed.  Even  the 
groups  favoring  the  most  rigid  self-support  policy 
often  provide  loan  funds  to  be  administered  by  the 
denominations.  Others  will  furnish  the  original  land 
and  building  as  a  loan  to  be  repaid.  One  mission 
gives  the  land  as  a  grant,  then  lends  money  for 
building.  These  practices  reflect  the  extremely  high 
cost  of  land  and  the  comparatively  high  cost  of  build 
ing  in  present-day  Japan. 

Finally,  some  note  should  be  taken  of  the  Christian 
groups  which  exist  completely  independent  of  any 
overseas  cooperation.  Needless  to  say,  the  Non-church 
group  is  one  of  these,  though  at  least  one  leader  has 
taken  part  in  ecumenical  discussions  (Prof.  Goro 
Maeda  at  Montreal  in  1963) .  Another  is  the  Original 
Gospel  Movement,  which,  however,  sponsored  some 
lectures  in  Japan  by  Dr.  Otto  Piper  of  Princeton 
Seminary  in  1963.  A  glance  at  the  statistical  chart 
at  the  back  of  the  book  will  show  that  one  of  the 
largest  Protestant  churches  in  Japan  is  an  indigenous 
group  which  has  no  overseas  aid  or  connections, 
namely  the  Spirit  of  Jesus  Church.  It  is  a  quasi- 
Pentecostal  group  which  holds  that  salvation  is  available 
only  to  its  own  members. 

It  is  obvious  that  this  topic  is  worthy  of  a  far  more 
comprehensive  investigation.  However,  though  the 


278  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

Japanese  Pretestant  Church  includes  at  least  eighty 
denominations,  with  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty 
mission  societies,  the  number  of  churches  and  total  mem 
bership  of  the  groups  mentioned  above  constitute  at 
least  75%  of  the  total  Protestant  constituency.  Fur 
thermore,  neither  time  nor  space  permit  the  exhaustive 
survey  which  the  coverage  of  all  groups  requires. 

(It  has  been  observed  by  competent  students  of  the 
missionary  enterprise,  that  there  are  at  least  three 
stages  in  the  evolution  of  Church  and  Mission  relation 
ships,  i.e.  :  (1)  the  explorer  or  pioneer  stage,  when 
the  Mission  is  the  Church ;  (2)  the  colonial  stage 
when  the  autonomous  Mission  works  alongside  the 
autonomous  Church,  though  in  cooperation  with  it ; 
(3)  the  final  stage  when  the  Church  becomes  the 
mission,  with  the  missionary  working  in  and  through 
the  Church  as  it  carries  out  its  mission  to  the  world. 
The  Protestant  movement  in  Japan  today  is  an  epitome 
of  the  various  patterns  of  Church,  Mission,  and 
Missionary  cooperation  which  have  developed  here 
during  the  past  one  hundred  years.  Edit.) 


CHAPTER  9 
MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATIONS 

Edited  by  Gordon  Chapman 

Although  the  following  listed  associations  are  not 
all  restricted  to  missionary  participation,  without  ex 
ception,  they  all  involve  a  large  degree  of  missionary 
interest  and  activity.  However,  it  is  also  true  that 
there  are  other  missionary  associations  which  promote 
the  fellowship,  cooperation  and  Christian  witness  of 
the  participants.  A  good  example  is  the  association 
of  missionaries  of  the  Interboard  Committee  for  Chri 
stian  Work  in  Japan,  which  constitutes  a  fellowship 
of  about  400  workers  of  the  seven  foreign  mission 
agencies  which  cooperate  with  the  United  Church  of 
Christ  in  Japan.  And  the  same  may  also  be  said  of 
other  interdenominational  missionary  associations 
which  cooperate  with  Japanese  denominations.  All 
these  have  similar  aims  and  provide  not  only  the 
benefits  envisioned  by  the  Japan  Council  of  Evangeli 
cal  Missions,  but  also  a  number  of  others. 

In  a  real  sense  of  the  term,  all  these  associations 
are  "  ecumenical,"  in  that  there  is  the  common  purpose 
of  fostering  good  relations  between  all  members  of 
the  body  of  Christ.  And  doubtless  all  who  participate 
in  these  associations  are  glad  to  unite  in  the  prayer 
that  "  under  the  influence  and  guidance  of  the  Holy 
Spirit,  the  church  will  come  into  unity  of  the  faith 
and  the  knowledge  of  the  Son  of  God  unto  the 
measure  of  the  stature  of  the  fulness  of  Christ." 

The  following  articles  on  Missionary  Associations 
represent  a  good  cross  section  of  missionary  thinking 
in  some  of  the  more  important  areas  of  Christian 


280  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCE 

concern  in  Japan  at  this  time. 

1.     THE  FELLOWSHIP  OF  CHRISTIAN 
MISSIONARIES 

Lloyd  Neve 

Unlike  most  organizations,  the  Fellowship  of  Christ 
ian  Missionaries  in  Japan  (FCM)  appears  to  thrive 
heartily  on  a  small  budget,  and  a  simple  organization. 
Its  purpose  is  "to  promote  fellowship,  mutual  under 
standing,  and  the  spirit  of  unity  among  the  mission 
aries  comprising  it ;  and  to  provide  an  opportunity 
for  gatherings  of  an  inspirational  and  educative 
character."  It  has  its  historical  roots  in  the  Standing 
Committee  on  Cooperating  Missions  formed  in  1902, 
succeeded  by  the  Federation  of  Christian  Missions  in 
1911,  which  became  the  present  FCM  of  Japan  in 
1935.  Membership  at  present  is  purely  voluntary  and 
includes  those  missionaries  who  pay  the  annual  dues 
of  500  yen,  generally  collected  at  the  time  of  the 
annual  conference. 

The  FCM  exists  almost  entirely  in  the  Annual 
Conference,  although  both  the  Kansai  and  Kanto 
regions  hold  mid-year  meetings.  True  to  its  stated 
purpose,  the  conference  combines  fellowship  with 
study  and  deepening  of  the  spiritual  life  of  the 
participating  missionaries. 

Walter  Baldwin  (PCUS)  served  as  President  during 
the  year,  1962-3,  Noah  Brannen  (ABFMS)  as  Vice- 
president  with  Mary  Lou  Palmore  (MC)  the  Secretary, 
and  Parker  Anspach  (LCA)  the  Treasurer.  The 
theme  of  the  1963  confrerence,  held  at  Lake  Nojiri, 
July  31-August  2,  was  "The  Gospel,  the  Culture  and 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  281 

You". 

Henry  Jones  (UPC)  gave  a  paper  on  the  "  Pattern 
of  Industrial  Society  in  Japan"  ;  Junichiro  Sako,  well- 
known  novelist,  gave  one  on  "  Christianity  and  Japan 
ese  Literature  ;  and  Takaaki  Aikawa,  noted  psychologist, 
one  on  "  The  Christian  Gospel  and  Japanese  Men 
tality."  John  Niemeyer  (ABFMS)  led  the  daily 
Bible  study  hour. 

A  significant  development  in  the  FCM  meeting  was 
the  decision  to  make  another  attempt  at  a  rapproche 
ment  with  the  Evanglical  Missionary  Association  of 
Japan,  which,  organized  after  the  last  war,  split  the 
previously  united  missionary  community  into  two 
somewhat  rival  camps.  It  is  hoped  that  an  exchange 
of  fraternal  delegates  may  serve  in  a  small  way  to 
further  cooperation  between  these  two  groups.  In 
keeping  with  this  spirit,  it  was  decided  to  recommend 
to  the  Shadan  of  the  United  Church  of  Canada  the 
transfer  of  the  Karuizawa  Union  Church  property, 
long  held  in  trust,  to  the  Christian  community  in 
Karuizawa.  During  the  prewar  years  this  had  served 
as  the  meeting  place  of  the  Federation  of  Christian 
Missions  and  the  F.C.M. 

Officers  serving  1963-4  are :  Lloyd  Neve  (ALC) , 
President,  Mrs.  Joyce  Wright  (SB),  Secretary,  Fred 
Honaman  (PEC),  Treasurer,  and  John  Barksdale  (P. 
C.U.S),  Vice-president.  The  conference,  planned  for 
the  I.C.U.  campus  in  July,  1964,  will  include  as  a 
speaker :  Dr.  Eugene  Nida,  Translation  Secretary  of 
the  American  Bible  Society.  Another  featured  speaker 
will  be  Dr.  J.M.T.  Winther  (ALC),  whose  missionary 
career  in  Japan  overlaps,  with  some  years  to  spare,  the 
history  of  the  FCM  and  its  predecessor  bodies,  and 
who  was  present  in  1902  when  the  Standing  Com 
mittee  of  the  Cooperating  Missions  was  formed.  The 


282  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

FCM  also  maintains  its  contact  with  the  past  in  the 
person  of  Dr.  A.  J.  Stirewalt  (ALC) ,  who  has  faith 
fully  served  for  many  years  as  necrologist. 

The  FCM  continues  to  be  the  sponsor  of  the 
"  Independent  Journal  of  Christian  Thought  and  Opin 
ion",  the  Japan  Christian  Quarterly,  edited  by  Miss 
Esther  Hibbard,  through  the  publication  committee 
elected  by  the  annual  conference.  Lief  Salomonsen 
(NMS),  Douglas  Swendseid  (ALC),  and  Richard 
Merritt  (PEC)  were  elected  to  this  committee  in  1963. 
The  Quarterly  has  been  somewhat  successful  in  a 
subscription  drive,  so  that  the  magazine  now  has  a 
circulation  of  nearly  1000. 


2.     EVANGELICAL  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION 
OF  JAPAN 

William  Lautz 

The  Evangelical  Missionary  Association  of  Japan 
(EMAJ) ,  founded  in  1947,  is  an  association  of  evan 
gelical  missionaries  who  come  together  for  fellowship 
and  cooperation.  Members  must  agree  to  the  follow 
ing  doctrinal  statement,  regarded  as  basic  and  vital : 

A.  We  believe  the   Bible,    as    originally    given,    to 
be  the  verbally  inspired,  only  infallible,  authori 
tative  Word  of  God.    II  Tim.  3  :  16  ;  II  Peter. 
1:21. 

B.  We  believe  there  is  one  God,  eternally  existent 
in  three  persons,  Father,  Son  and  Holy  Spirit. 
Deut.    6:4;    Is.    43  :  10,    11  ;    I    Tim.   2  :  5  ;  I 
Cor.  8:4;  Matt.   28:  19. 

We    believe    in    the    deity    of    our    Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  in  His  virgin  birth,  in  His  sinless   life, 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  283 

in  His  miracles,  in  His  vicarious  and  atoning 
death  through  His  shed  blood,  in  His  bodily 
resurrection,  in  His  ascension  to  the  right  hand 
of  the  Father,  and  in  His  personal  return  in 
power  and  glory.  Jn.  1:1  18 ;  Heb.  1:8; 
Tit.  2  :  13  ;  I  Jn.  5  :  20  ;  I  Cor.  15  :  3,4. 

D.  We   believe  that  all  men  are  sinners,  and  that 
for  the  salvation  of   lost    and    sinful    man,    re 
generation    by    the    Holy    Spirit    is    absolutely 
essential.    Rom.  3:23:  Jn.  3:7;  Luke  24  :  46, 
47;    Jn.    1:12,13;    I    Pet.    1  :  18,19,23 ;  Rom. 
10:9,10. 

E.  We  believe  in  the  present  ministry  of  the  Holy 
Spirit,    by    whose    indwelling    the    Christian  is 
enabled  to  live  a  godly  life.      Tit.    3:5;    Gal. 
5:22,23;  I  Thess.  5:23,24. 

F.  We    believe    in    the    resurrection    of    both    the 
saved  and  the  lost ;  they  that    are    saved    unto 
the    resurrection    of  life  and  they  that  are  lost 
unto  the  resurrection  of  damnation   (Jn.  6:28, 
29;  Rev.  14:11) 

G.  We    believe    in    the  spiritual  unity  of  believers 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.     Rom.  12  :  5  ;  I  Cor. 
10:17;  Gal.  3:28;  Jn.   17:21;  Eph.  4:13. 

With  this  unity  on  essentials  there  is  abundant 
room  for  charity  on  nonessentials,  and  the  member 
ship,  which  is  on  an  individual  basis,  comes  from  a 
wide  range  of  mission  bodies. 

An  annual  conference  is  held  each  summer  in 
Karuizawa.  In  1963,  this  featured  as  speakers  Dr. 
Kurt  Koch,  German  Lutheran  minister,  psychiatrist 
and  authority  on  demonism ;  and  Rev.  Robertson 
McQuilkin,  TEAM  missionary  in  Japan.  Dr.  T. 
Stanley  Soltau  spoke  at  a  banquet  in  Tokyo  in  June. 
Two  conferences  on  "  Prayer  and  Revival  "  were  held 


284  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

in  Karuizawa  in  March  and  May,  led  by  Joseph 
Carroll,  EMAJ  President.  A  Woman's  Tea  held  at 
the  Sanno  Hotel  in  Tokyo  in  April  afforded  missionary 
women  an  opportunity  to  share  with  their  Japanese 
friends  their  love  for  Jesus  Christ  and  a  knowledge 
of  His  salvation. 

"  The  Awakening,"  a  book  dealing  with  revival  in 
China,  was  distributed  free  to  EMAJ  members. 

A  quarterly  magazine,  the  "  Japan  Harvest,"  pro 
vides  a  voice  for  EMAJ  ;  inspiration  for  missionaries 
and  information  of  value  to  them.  An  annual  Mis 
sionary  Directory  is  also  published. 

With  the  newer  Japan  Council  of  Evangelical  Mis 
sions,  EMAJ  issued  a  call  to  three  other  organizations 
to  consider  forming  a  loose  alliance  of  evanglicals  for 
the  purposes  of  fellowship  in  Christ,  exchange  of 
information  about  activities,  and  presenting  a  united 
evangelical  front  on  the  modern  Japanese  scene.  The 
Fukuin  Renmei,  Japan  Protestant  Council  and  the 
Japan  Bible  Christian  Council  indicated  their  interest 
in  the  proposal. 

Officers  of  the  Association  for  the  first  part  of  1963 
were  Joseph  Carroll  (IND)  President ;  Frank  Kong- 
stein  (NEOM)  Vice-president ;  William  F.  Lautz 
(IND)  Secretary  ;  L.E.  Heil  (JCG)  Treasurer  ;  and  the 
following  members-at-large  :  Harry  Friesen  (JMBM) , 
Robert  Verme  (CMSJ),  and  Donnel  McLean  (AG) . 
Elections  in  the  summer  made  Arthur  T.F.  Reynolds 
(OMF)  Vice-president;  Wesley  Wilson  (TEAM) 
Treasurer ;  and  Samuel  Pfeifer  (IND)  and  Neil  Young 
(IND) ,  members-at-large,  replacing  Verme  and  Mc 
Lean. 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION 


3.     THE  JAPAN  BIBLE  CHRISTIAN  COUNCIL 

Philip  Foxwell 

When  the  JBCC  wrote  Prime  Minister  Ikeda  last  year 
urging  that  the  government  cancel  its  plan  to  sponsor 
mokuto  for  the  war  dead,  the  organization  was  putting 
into  practise  its  concern  for  the  constitutional  pro 
visions  which  call  for  a  separation  of  church  and 
state.  The  JBCC  continues  as  an  organization  pledged 
to  the  support  of  policies  which  grow  out  of  the 
initial  purpose.  This  was  stated  in  1950  to  be  "an 
agency  unequivocally  opposed  to  all  forms  of  unbelief, 
idolatry,  and  compromise  with  them,  and  unreservedly 
dedicated  as  a  witness  to  the  'faith  once  for  all  de 
livered  unto  the  saints.'  ' 

Soon  to  come  from  the  press  under  JBCC  sponsor 
ship  is  a  book  dealing  with  the  origins  of  Japanese 
culture  and  their  relationship  to  Christianity.  Pro 
fessor  Tomonobu  Yanagita  has  worked  for  several 
years  on  research  and  writing  and  it  is  expected  that 
the  early  publication  of  this  work  will  increase  the 
understanding  of  problems  which  are  rooted  in  the 
clash  of  culture  with  the  Christian  witness.  This  will 
soon  be  available  at  most  book-sellers  after  a  con 
siderable  delay  occasioned  by  worthwhile  revisions. 

In  keen  appreciation  of  the  contribution  of  General 
Douglas  MacArthur  to  the  missionary  movement,  the 
JBCC  sent  the  following  cable  :  "  Japan  Missionaries 
express  sincere  condolences  passing  great  benefactor, 
statesman,  friend.  Psalm  55:22" 

When  the  visit  of  the  Czech  theologian,  Dr.  Josef 
Hromadku,  to  Japan  was  projected,  the  JBCC  con 
sidered  it  in  line  with  their  policy  to  publish  the 


286  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

appraisal  of  Professor  Matthew  Spinka  (Hartford 
Theological  Seminary)  which  offered  evidence  that 
Dr.  Hromodka  is  "communism's  most  effective  agent 
as  it  presses  the  cold  war  in  the  sphere  of  the  Pro 
testant  church."  The  expression  of  opposition  to 
Hromadka  is  typical  of  the  JBCC  attitude  toward  any 
influences  deemed  unhelpful  to  the  upbuilding  of  a  free 
church  sustained  by  a  conservative  theological  position. 

The  publication  termed  "The  Bible  Times"  is  not 
an  organ  of  the  JBCC.  However  the  publishers  of 
the  Bible  Times  are  in  sympathy  with  the  aims  and 
policy  of  the  JBCC.  Therefore  the  activities  of  the 
JBCC  are  usually  publicized  through  the  medium  of 
the  BT.  For  example,  mokuso  (silent  meditation) 
as  a  substitute  for  mokuto,  was  proposed  by  the  JBCC 
and  publicized  in  this  paper.  Because  mokuto  is 
understood  as  a  call  to  pray  to  or  for  the  spirits  of 
the  war  dead  the  JBCC  believed  the  action  of  the 
Demobilization  Department  in  calling  for  mokuto  could 
infringe  on  the  guarantees  of  the  constitution.  Pro 
blems  of  this  nature  which  are  dealt  with  by  the 
JBCC  are  usually  given  full  coverage  in  the  Bible 
Times. 

As  previously  stated  :  "  The  Council  is  not  a  church 
and  seeks  to  avoid  over-lapping  into  activity  considered 
to  be  the  basic  responsibility  of  the  church,  such  as 
evangelism.  An  illustration  sometimes  used  to  illustrate 
its  function  is  that  of  the  local  community's  fire  de 
partment.  For  much  of  the  year  the  fire  department 
may  scarcely  be  noticed.  But  when  an  emergency 
arises  it  is  organized  and  ready  to  act.  The  JBCC 
is  organized  and  ready  to  speak  out  whenever  it  feels 
it  must,  when  freedom  is  challenged  or  principle 
compromised  in  the  areas  of  faith  or  church  and  state." 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION 


4.  THE  JAPAN  PROTESTANT  CONFERENCE 

Takaoki  Tokiwa.     (John  Schwab} 

The  year  of  1959,  the  100th  year  of  Protestant 
Missions  in  Japan,  was  commemorated  hy  various  pro 
jects  in  the  Christian  world.  Among  such  projects, 
those  who  believe  in  the  Bible  as  a  completely  God- 
inspired  Book  started  a  movement  called  the  Japan 
Protestant  Centennial.  This  movement  was  supported 
by  more  than  one  thousand  Japanese  pastors  and  some 
800  missionaries,  who  participated  as  individuals,  irre 
spective  of  their  denominational  affiliation.  This  un 
pretentious  work  contributed  substantially  to  the 
Christian  testimony  here.  The  reason  for  starting 
this  movement  was,  firstly,  because  we  believe  that 
Protestantism  is  Christianity  based  on  the  Bible.  The 
reformer's  work,  which  was  Bible-based,  contributed 
to  the  foundation  of  modern  Christian  civilization. 
Just  as  the  Bible  was  the  source  of  their  strength,  so  we 
too  wanted  to  strengthen  ourselves  by  following  in 
their  way.  Secondly,  it  seems  that  more  and  more 
Protestant  Christians  have  come  to  reject  the  complete 
inspiration  of  the  Bible,  thus  weakening  the  effect 
of  blessing  and  the  warning  of  our  living  God.  We 
wanted  to  awaken  people,  especially  professing  Chri 
stians,  to  this  grave  fact.  We  thank  the  Lord  that  this 
work  was  carried  through  with  His  abundant  blessing. 

In  the  Central  Committee  Meeting  of  J.P.C.  held 
in  November  of  the  same  year  in  Atami,  a  proposition 
was  made  to  form  a  "  permanent  organization  "  to 
continue  the  work  of  Bible-faith  propagation  into  the 
2nd  century.  This  was  agreed  upon  and  a  preparatory 
committee  was  organized.  About  90  people  (including 


288  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

missionaries)  joined  in  this  renewed  venture  from  all 
over  the  country.  Then  in  February  of  the  next  year 
some  40  representatives  met  together,  and  the  new 
Japan  Protestant  Conference  (J.P.C.)  was  organized. 
Its  purposes  are  :  1)  To  spread  Bible  faith  throughout 
Japan.  2)  To  stand  against  the  traditional  Japanese 
religion,  Shinto,  which  does  not  harmonize  with  Bible 
faith.  This  will  be  done  through  studying  and  coping 
with  the  problems  of  the  Shinto  shrines  in  a  practical 
way.  3)  Revision  of  the  colloquial  Japanese  Bible.  4) 
Promotion  of  Bible-based  education.  Besides  these, 
special  committees  for  overseas  mission,  encouraging 
laymen's  movements,  etc.  were  elected. 

Though  difficult  here  in  Japan,  all  of  the  above- 
mentioned  efforts  are  important,  and  with  the  help 
of  the  Lord  and  through  the  earnest  cooperation  of 
each  committee  member  the  project  of  spreading  Bible- 
faith  is  being  carried  out  by  many  meetings  held  every 
year  in  various  places,  and  the  study  of  shrine 
problems  is  making  progress.  Also,  members  of 
J.P.C.  are  sharing  in  the  translation  project  in  pre 
paration  for  the  publication  of  the  "  New  Japanese 
Bible,"  with  John  already  available.  As  to  the  foreign 
missions  field,  lectures  have  been  given  in  order  that 
more  people  may  know  about  this  need  and  respond. 

The  4th  "  Zenkoku  Kyogi  Kai  "  of  the  JPC  was 
held  at  Atami,  February  19-20,  1963,  when  the  chief 
speakers  were  a  converted  Communist,  a  converted 
Shinto  priest  and  a  converted  Roman  Catholic  priest. 

A  ' '  Church  Problems  Seminar  ' '  for  pastors  and 
missionaries  was  held  at  Tokyo,  June  18-19,  1963 
with  two  addresses  by  Minoru  Okada  on  the  "  Evalua 
tion  of  Unorthodox  Views  of  the  Bible",  one  by 
Tsugio  Tsutada  on  "  Problems  of  Evangelical  Faith 
in  Japan,"  and  one  by  Takaoki  Tokiwa  on  "  How 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  289 

we  got  our  Infallible  Bible."  There  were  also  panel 
discussions  of  such  subjects  as  "  Bible  Faith  and 
Church  Life,"  and  "  Bible  Faith  and  Idolatrous 
Customs." 

The  semi-annual  conference  on  November  11-12, 
1963'  heard  an  address  by  Donald  Moke  on  "  Recent 
Developments  and  Trends  in  the  World  Ecumenical 
Scene",  and  one  by  Satoru  Moriyama  on  "How  to 
Minister  to  Members  of  Soka  Gakkai." 

At  the  5th  "  Nenkoku  Kyogi  Kai  "  (Nationwide 
Administrative  Committee)  at  Atami  in  February, 
1964,  a  report  on  last  year's  activities  was  made  and 
new  directions  were  established.  Fervent  prayer  and 
serious  discussions  were  given  to  pursue  the  original 
aim  of  Bible-faith  cooperation.  According  to  the  report 
at  this  meeting,  the  number  of  members  is  now  739 
(547  Japanese  and  192  missionaries) .  Though  not  a 
large  number,  each  one  is  firmly  standing  on  his  faith 
in  God's  Word,  as  the  300  warriors  of  Gideon. 

Recently  the  ecumenical  movement  has  become  ac 
tive  among  the  churches.  We  think  it  is  a  good 
thing  to  unite  different  churches  who  are  standing 
together  in  faith  in  Jesus  Christ  who  is  revealed  in 
God's  infallible  written  Word.  Thus  we  cannot  agree 
with  narrow  sectarianism.  However,  union  and  co 
operation  without  a  clearly  delineated  Biblical  doctrinal 
basis  is  dangerous  and  could  only  lead  to  confusion. 
There  can  be  true  spiritual  unity  only  among  those 
whose  faith  is  in  God's  infallible  Word. 

Furthermore,  it  is  impossible  to  fight  the  evils  of 
the  world  and  conquer  without  the  use  of  the  Word  of 
God — the  Bible  (Ephes.  6 :  17) .  But,  in  order  to  use 
the  Word  of  God  effectively,  we  must  constantly  pray 
and  train  ourselves  so  that  we  can  make  His  Word 
our  own.  The  weakness  of  the  Japanese  people  today 


290  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

is  that  they  have  lost  their  goal  of  life.  As  nationals, 
we  want  to  be  given  something  for  which  to  live 
based  upon  the  truth  of  God,  which  is  revealed  in 
the  Bible,  God's  infallible  Word. 


5.  THE  REFORMED  THEOLOGICAL 
CONFERENCE 

John  Hesselink 

The  Reformed  Theological  Conference  was  organized 
first  of  all  with  the  idea  of  providing  an  opportunity 
for  missionaries  and  pastors  of  various  Presbyterian- 
Reformed  denominations  to  meet  together,  explore 
their  common  heritage  and  relate  it  to  their  witness 
in  Japan.  This  purpose  has  been  fully  accomplished 
in  that  representatives  of  at  least  six  Presbyterian  and 
Reformed  denominations  participate  in  this  conference. 
Nowhere  else  in  the  world  is  a  similar  confrontation 
taking  place. 

It  was  also  hoped,  however,  that  others  from  dif 
ferent  backgrounds  would  share  in  this  theological 
enterprise.  This  goal  also  has  met  with  surprising 
success.  The  first  chairman  was  an  Anglican.  At 
the  1964  conference  over  half  of  the  participants  were 
from  non-Presbyterian-Reformed  denominations  !  The 
conference,  moreover,  has  quite  an  international  charac 
ter.  Eight  nations  were  represented  at  the  most 
recent  gathering. 

The  first  conference  was  held  in  1957  at  the  Osaka 
Christian  Center  which  has  been  the  site  for  all 
subsequent  conferences.  Speakers  have  included  dis 
tinguished  guests  from  abroad  such  as  John  Mackay, 
John  Wick  Bowman  and  Henry  Stob,  but  most  of 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  291 

the  lecturers  have  been  Japanese  theologians  and  local 
missionaries.  The  theme  of  the  1963  Conference  was 
"  The  Inspiration  and  Authority  of  the  Scriptures. 
The  theme  of  the  1964  conference  was  "  The  Holy 
Spirit  in  the  Church."  The  theme  for  1965  is 
"  Christian  Devotion." 


6.     THE  HAYAMA  MISSIONARY  SEMINAR 

Gordon  Chapman 

One  of  the  most  significant  features  of  the  postwar 
Christian  movement  in  Japan  is  the  proliferation  of 
mission  societies.  The  number  of  missionaries  has 
more  than  doubled,  while  the  number  of  missions 
has  increased  fourfold.  Furthermore,  unlike  the  pre 
war  period,  there  is  no  all-inclusive  missionary  associa 
tion  which  facilitates  effective  dialogue  between  in 
dividual  workers.  This  is  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
all  who  have  responded  to  Christ's  call  are  essentially 
one  in  Him  and  partake  of  the  unity  of  the  Holy 
Spirit. 

In  response  to  this  need  for  more  effective  mission 
ary  dialogue  concerning  vital  matters  of  mutual  con 
cern,  the  Missionary  Seminar  was  inaugurated  in 
January  1960,  and  has  annual  sessions  at  the  Lacy- 
kan,  Hayama,  Kanagawa-Ken.  Though  the  Seminar 
is  quite  informal  and  has  no  official  auspices,  it  has 
been  well  attended  with  participants  coming  from  a 
large  number  of  mission  groups.  The  constituency 
includes  all  those  who  have  attended  past  Seminars 
and  any  other  missionary  men  who  are  interested.  The 
fellowship  of  the  Holy  Spirit  and  the  manifest  presence 
of  the  Lord  has  encouraged  mutual  sharing  of  problems 


292  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

pand  shortcomings,  with  consequent  renewal  and  bles 
sing  to  many. 

Each  Seminar  has  considered  a  particular  theme 
which  has  special  relevance  for  the  Christian  Move 
ment  in  Japan.  Thus  far,  these  have  included  :  Our 
Ministry  of  Reconciliation  (2  Cor.  5 :  18)  ;  The 
Missionary  and  the  Japanese  Church  (Phil.  2:5); 
An  Apologetic  for  Christian  Witness  in  Japan  (2 
Cor.  5  :  17)  ;  Christian  Discipleship  in  Japan  (John 
13  :  34,  35  ;  Luke  9  :  23)  and  the  Communication  of 
the  Gospel  in  Japan  (Mk.  16:15;  Mt.  28:19,  20). 
Each  theme  is  developed  through  a  series  of  well 
prepared  papers  and  followed  by  open  and  free  discus 
sion  periods.  There  has  always  been  a  very  generous 
and  candid  sharing  of  various  points  of  view,  with 
the  result  that  all  have  been  greatly  helped  and  in 
spired  for  a  more  effective  ministry.  An  extended 
period  is  set  aside  each  day  for  group  Bible  study, 
with  morning  and  evening  sessions  for  united  prayer. 
Time  is  also  provided  for  Special  Interest  Groups 
where  particular  problems  can  be  dealt  with  in  effec 
tive  fashion. 

The  Seminar  Papers,  together  with  the  Special 
Interest  Group  Findings,  are  published  annually  and 
are  availiable  at  moderate  cost  as  long  as  the  supply 
lasts. 

The  next  Seminar  is  scheduled  for  January  5-7, 
1965  at  the  Lacy-Kan,  Hayama.  The  theme  for  con 
sideration  will  be  "  The  Layman  in  the  Life  of  the 
Japanese  Church."  The  Seminar  Committee  includes  : 
Joe  Gooden,  Chairman,  Raymond  Hammer  and  Carl 
Beck. 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  293 


JAPAN  COUNCIL  OF  EVANGELICAL  MISSIONS 

A.  Paul  McGarvey 

The  roots  of  the  Japan  Council  of  Evangelical  Mis 
sions  (JCEM)  can  be  traced  back  several  years.     The 
justification  for  such  an  organization  became  more  and 
more  apparent  to  evangelical  mission  leaders   as    they 
met    from  time  to  time  to  discuss  and  plan  for  work 
in  areas  of  mutual  interest.     It  became  quite  apparent 
that    the    evangelical    missions    in  Japan  could  greatly 
strengthen    their    work    if    some    sort   of    organization 
was    perfected    whereby   their  liaison  with  each  other 
could  be  facilitated  and  carried  on  regularly.     There 
fore  a  Constitution  was  drawn  up,  that,  in  part,  says : 
*'  ---we    recognize    the    necessity    of    providing    for 
cooperative  action  and  a  united  voice  as  evangelical 
missions- --to  provide  liaison,  representation  and  co 
operative    action  as  may  be  deemed  feasible  within 
the  stipulations  of  this  Constitution- ••' 
The    first    Plenary    session    of    JCEM    was    held  in 
Tokyo  in  the    Spring    of    1961,    and    since    that    time 
the    organization    has    grown    until  it  now  has  a  total 
membership  of  twenty-eight  missions,  which  represent 
a    total    of    nearly    five    hundred    missionaries.       The 
missions  vary  in  size  from  seventy  missionaries  to  four 
missionaries.     Voting   privileges  and  membership  fees 
are  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  active  missionaries 
in  Japan. 

This  was  a  new  venture  in  cooperative  action  among 
evangelical  missions,  when  each  group  actively  sought 
to  look  for  and  work  together  in  areas  that  in  some 
cases  had  not  been  thought  of  before.  There  was 
some  apprehension  at  first,  but  over  these  few  past 


294  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

months,  there  has  developed  rapidly  an  appreciation 
for  the  viewpoint  of  the  various  members,  and  a  re 
markable  desire  to  make  modifications  without  com 
promising  individual  principles.  There  is  now  an 
ever  increasing  confidence  in  each  other  among  mem 
bers,  that  is  producing  some  remarkable  achievements. 

Thus  far  JCEM  has  appointed  working  Committees 
in  the  fields  of  Christian  Education  of  church  and 
Christian  workers  in  Japan,  Legal  affairs  (such  as 
representation  to  the  Japanese  government  in  Income 
Tax  matters) ,  Disaster  Relief  work,  travel  of  mission 
aries  to  and  from  Japan  and  a  New  Projects  committee 
which  has  spearheaded  the  effort  to  bring  to  Japan 
a  clear  evangelical  Christian  testimony  during  and 
immediately  after  the  Olympic  Games  in  Tokyo  in 
1964. 

In  the  first  mentioned  area  of  work,  the  JCEM 
Christian  Education  Committee  called  together  for 
the  first  time,  the  School  leaders  from  several  Theologi 
cal  and  Bible  College  institutions.  As  a  result  of  this 
gathering  everyone  was  encouraged  to  push  on  with 
the  idea  of  an  organization  for  Theological  training 
schools  in  Japan.  The  final  outcome  of  this  movement 
was  the  launching  of  the  JAPAN  ASSOCIATION 
OF  EVANGELICAL  SCHOOLS  in  May  of  1963. 
Already  this  association  has  rendered  some  valuable 
assistance  to  its  members  and  associate  schools. 

It  was  the  privilege  of  the  JCEM  legal  affairs 
Committee  to  arrange  for  a  meeting  with  the  head 
of  the  Japanese  Income  Tax  Bureau  in  the  spring  of 
1963,  at  which  time  the  Cabinet  Minister  announced 
that  foreign  residents  in  Japan  would  be  relieved  of 
the  twenty  percent  gross  income  tax  in  the  near  future.* 

*   (Actually  this  took  effect  in  January   1963    and    there    has    been 
no  such  tax  since  that  time.  Edit.) 


MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION  295 

This  followed  considerable  ground  work  with  govern 
ment  leaders  in  the  native  country  of  some  foreign 
missionaries  in  Japan. 

In  the  area  of  Disaster  Relief,  under  the  expert 
hands  of  experienced  relief  workers,  a  short  "  Disaster 
Relief  Manual  "  (of  the  how-to-do-it  variety)  has  been 
completed  and  circulated  among  members  and  available 
to  all  who  request  them.  Believing  that  "  a  stitch  in 
time  saves  nine"  the  JCEM  has  divided  the  entire 
area  of  Japan  into  eight  sections  with  a  Chairman 
over  each  section.  JCEM  has  made  available  a  modest 
amount  of  money  for  immediate  use  in  disaster  areas, 
which  will  be  administered  by  these  area  chairmen. 

Scores  of  missionaries  within  the  past  two  years 
have  enjoyed  unprecedented  travel  opportunities  be 
cause  of  the  charter  flights  arranged  by  the  JCEM 
travel  committee.  At  a  price  averaging  about  three 
hundred  seventy  five  dollars,  missionaries  and  their 
families  have  been  flown  from  Tokyo  to  London  with 
stopovers  in  Hongkong,  the  Holy  Land,  Rome  and 
other  Eurpean  centers  This  current  year  three  such 
flights  are  leaving  Tokyo  in  the  early  summer  and 
one  to  the  States. 

The  Olympic  Christian  Testimony  committee  which 
is  now  actively  arranging  for  coordinated  evangelism 
in  Tokyo  during  the  Olympic  Games  period,  grew 
out  of  the  initial  interest  displayed  in  JCEM  among 
its  members,  and  the  first  meeting  of  mission  and 
Japanese  Christian  leaders  to  consider  such  evangelical 
efforts. 

In  these  practical  ways  JCEM  has  sought  to  serve 
not  just  its  members  but  the  entire  Christian  mission 
ary  program  in  this  land.  Representing  missions  on 
a  responsible  level  it  has  resources  and  the  advantage 
of  mature  counsel  from  a  wide  circle.  The  years 


2%  MISSION  OF  THE  CHURCH 

activities  usually  climax  with  a  day-long  Strategy 
Conference,  open  to  all  who  care  to  attend.  In  these 
conferences  such  critical  problems  as :  Nationalism 
and  Contemporary  Missions,  Evangelical  Ecumenism, 
etc.  are  discussed.  In  these  special  meetings  such 
visiting  dignitaries  as  Dr.  M.C.  Tenny  of  the  Wheaton 
College  Graduate  School,  and  Dr.  Peters  of  Dallas 
Theological  Seminary  have  led  the  discussions  and 
lectured  the  group. 

Pressure  of  persistent  needs,  heightening  world  ten 
sions,  antagonism  of  unsympathetic  movements,  and 
the  admonition  of  God's  Word  itself  have  motivated 
the  activities  of  JCEM.  Until  the  harvest  day  is  past 
and  our  work  on  earth  is  done,  we  invite  the  workers 
of  Japan  to  cooperate  with  us  on  the  Bible  basis. 

X         X          X          X 

This  completes  the  narrative  section  (Parts  I- IV) 
of  the  Japan  Christian  Yearbook 

* 

Part  V,   which  follows,  is  devoted 
exclusively  to  the  following  Directories  : 

1.  Japanese  Church  Headquarters  &  Statistics 

2.  Christian  Schools 

3.  Protestant  Social  Work 

4.  Headquarters  of  Other  Religious  and  Social 

Organizations 

5.  Mission  Boards  and  Societies 

6.  List  of  Protestant  Missionaries 

* 

(The  Directories  have  been  compiled  by  the  office  of 
the  Interboard  Committee  for  Christian  Work  in  Japan 
(IBC),  Rm.  802,  Bible  House,  2,  Ginza,  4-chome, 
Chuo  Ku,  Tokyo.  Please  address  this  office  concern 
ing  errors  and  other  matters  pertaining  to  this  section) 


V.  DIRECTORIES 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 

(Groups  marked  with  an  asterisk  though  quasi-Christian 
are  included  for  information.) 

Statistical  Key: 

A— Number  of  Churches 

B— Number  of  Japanese  Ministers 

(ordained  &  unordained) 
C— Number  of  Missionaries 
D— Church  membership 


Advent  Church 

(Adobento  Kyodan) 
2276     Higashi    Iwakura-machi, 
Kurayoshi-shi,  Tottori-ken 
Supt. :     Rev.  Kinji  Kato 
A-8,  B-7,  C-4,  D-277 


Alliance  Church  of  Japan 

(Nihon  Domei  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
15  Uenohara,  Nakano-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  361  1539 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Masaichi  Matsuda 
A  38,  B-80,  C-     D  1,932 


361-1539 


American  Baptist  Association 

(Beikoku  Baputesuto  Kyokai) 
876,     Sakuradai,     Kashiwa-shi, 
Chiba-ken 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Misao  Amari 
A-4,  B-4,  C-l,  D-120 


Anglican     Episcopal    Church     of 
Japan 

(Nihon  Seikokai) 
23  Tokiwamatsu-cho,    Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  401-2314 

Presiding  Bishop  :  The  Rt.  Rev. 
Hinsuke  Yashiro 
A  340,  B  383,  C  59,  D-45,585 


401  2314 


298 


DIRECTORIES 


751-4211 


Apostolic  Faith 

(Shito  no  Shinko  Dendo  Dan) 
1017,    1-chome,    Kugahara-cho 
Oota-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  751-4211 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Kanemasa  Yama- 
shita 
A-2,  B-2,  D-47 


1-1017 


Assemblies    of    God     Church     of 
Japan 

(Nihon  Assemblies  of  God  Kyo- 
dan) 

430,        3-chome        Komagome, 
Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  982-4925 

Supt.  :  Rev.  Kiyoma  Yumiyama 
A-119,  B-178,  C-25,  D  6,223 

FT*:  7  -/-fe  V-7   y  -?£ffl 

HI  «?TOftK^i  3-430 
m    982-4925 


Baptist  Bible  Fellowship  of  Japan 

(Nihon    Seisho   Baputesuto    Ren- 
mei) 

11-3.  1-chome,  Matsunami-cho, 
Chiba-shi 
Tel.  51-2929 

Dir:     Rev.  Lavern  Rodgers 
A-21,  B-10,  C-10,  D-1.455 


51-2929 


L. 


Bible  Institute  Mission 

(Shorisha  lesu  Kyodan) 
2163     Karuizawa-machi,     Kita- 
saku-gun,  Nagano-ken 
Tel.     Karuizawa  2302 
Supt.  :     Mr.  Earl  F.  Tygert 
A-5,  B-6,  C-3,  D-208 


2163 


2302 


Catholic  Church 

(Nihon  Katorikku  Kyokai) 
10,       6-bancho,       Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  301-3961  3 

Archbishop  :       His      Eminence 
Peter  Tatsuo  Cardinal  Doi 
A-879,     B-4,658,     C-2,519,     D- 
320,000 


301-3961-3 


Christian  Brotherhood  Church 

(Kirisuto  Kyodai  Dan) 
448  Tabata-cho,  Kita-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  821-0210 

Supt. :     Rev.  Denzo  Shimura 
A-141.  B-110,  D-1,914 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


299 


821-0210 


Christian  Canaan  Church 

(Kirisutokyo  Kanan  Kyodan) 
36,      1-chome,     Kushiya-machi 
Higashi,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Seibei  Morita 
A-12,  B-8,  D-3,163 


Christian  Churches 

(Kirisuto  no  Kyokai) 
1-52,     Arai-machi,    Nakano-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  386  5171 

Supt.:     Rev.  Harold  R.  Sims 
A-46,  B  37,  C-46,  D  1,500 


1  <o  52 


Christian        Oriental        Salvation 
Church 

(Kirisutokyo  Toyo  Kyurei  Dan) 
27,  4-chome,  Izumi-dori,   Nada- 
ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  86  2462 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Tokude  Cho 
A-l.  B  5,  D  50 


ftt    86-2462 


Christian    Reformed    Church    of 
Japan 

(Nihon  Kirisuto  Kaikakuha  Kyo 
kai) 

20,  5-chome,  Shimo-dori,  Shibu- 
ya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  461  4616 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Kiyoshi  Mizugaki 
A  60,  B  66,  C-17,  D  3,730 


J,li     461  4616 

/K^i    fft 

Christian  Spiritual  Church 

(Kirisuto  Shinshu  Kyodan) 
8602,      Shimo-Yoshida,       Fuji- 
Yoshida-shi,  Yamanashi-ken 
Tel.  Yoshida  367 
Supt.  :    Rev.  Yoshinobu  Kawai 
A-25,  B-21,  D-1,571 


^fEn  8602 


367 


Church  of  Christ 

(Kirisuto  no  Kyokai) 
75,     Sotonishi-cho,     Tsuchiura- 
shi,  Ibaragi-ken 
Repr. :     Mr.  Elmer  Prout 
A- 55,  B  49,  C-17,  I)  2.154 


300 


DIRECTORIES 


Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 

(Nihon  Kirisuto  Kyokai) 
c/o    Oomori     Kyokai,     116,    4- 
chome,  Iriarai,  Oota-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  761-9612 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Mikio  Hayashi 
A  108,  B  115,  D  11,636 


-116 


761-9612 


Church  of  God  of  Japan 

(Nihon  Church  of  God  Kyodan) 
3412,  Shimokawai-machi,  Hodo- 
gaya-ku,  Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  Kawai  206 

Dir.  :     Rev.  Robert  C.  Midgley 
A-  5,  B  5,  C  6,  D-52 


Church  of  Jesus  Christ  of  Latter 
Day  Saints 

(Matsujitsu    Seito    lesu    Kirisuto 
Kyokai)    (Morumon  Kyokai) 
2,  14-chome  Hiroo-machi,  Aza- 
bu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
1(1     473-1613 

Supt.  :    Mr.  Dwuayne  N.  Ander 
sen 
A  27,  C  108,  D  2,278 


14-2 


ill     473-1613 
?  V  :t-  V  N.   7 


Church  of  the  Nazarene  in  Japan 

(Nihon  Nazaren  Kyodan) 
237     Oyama-cho,     Tamagawa, 
Setagaya-ku,   Tokyo 
Tel.  701-4667 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Aishin  Kida 
A  53,  B  71,  C-20,  D-3,241 


237 


Church  of  the  Resurrection 

(Fukkatsu  no  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
c/o  Fukkatsu  no  Kirisuto  Naga 
no  Kyokai,    416    Nishi-Nagano, 
Nagano-shi 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Yoshie  Iwata 
A-  11,  B-18,  D-536 


701-4667 


Conservative  Baptist  Mission 

(Tohoku  Seisho  Baputesuto  Kyo 
kai) 

c/o    Sendai    Seisho   Baputesuto 
Kyokai,     31,    Naka    Sugiyama- 
dori,  Sendai-shi 
Tel.  22-4488 

Repr.  :  Rev.  Fukuyasu  Shimada 
A-22,  B-ll,  C-7,  D-335 


22-4488 


.1  M1  \\I-SI-:  (Mi    K<  II    III    \|>MI    \K  I  I  KS 


301 


Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church 

(Kanbarando  Choro  Kyokai) 
3341  Minami  Rinkan,   Yamato- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
Repr.  :  Rev.  Tolbert  Dill 
A-  4,  B--5,  C-2,  D  250 


iG     409 
T.  7  4 


E 


Evangelical  Free  Church  of  Japan 

(Nihon  Fukuin  Jiyu  Kyokai) 
c/o    Kyoto     Christian    Center, 
33,  2-chome,    Higashi   Ono-cho, 
Koyama,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  45-4961 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Stanley  Conrad 
A-8,  B-6,  C-2,  D  209 


45-4961 


Lutheran  Church    of 
Japan 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 
38,  2-chome  Nishihara,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  361-7550 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Chitose  Kishi 
A-141,  B-  120,  C  100,  D  13,000 


ff    361-7550 

J'r-     T-^ 

Evangelical  Missionary  Church 

(Fukuin  Dendo  Kyodan) 
124  Seioji-machi,  Maebashi-shi, 
Gunma-ken 
Tel.  2  7922 

Supt.:    Rev.  Seiichi  Kobayashi 
A-36,  B-38,  D-963 


2-7922 


Far  East  Apostolic  Mission 

(Nippon  Pentekosute  Kyodan) 
Tawaraguchi,         Ikoma-machi, 
Ikoma-gun,  Nara-ken 
Tel.  Ikoma  3821 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Leonard  W.  Coote 
A-13,  B-12,  C-2,  D-358 


Far  Eastern  Gospel  Crusade 

(Kyokuto  Fukuin  Juji  Gun) 
111     Hakuraku,    Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  49-9017 

Dir.  :     Rev.  Roland  Friesen 
A  9,  B-5/C-74,  D-116 


302 


DIRECTORIES 


',[£     49  9017 
P  —  -7  y  K  •  7  >;  -  -If  y 

Finnish  Frae  Foreign  Mission 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Fukuin  Kyokai 
Rengo) 

101,    Kamihate-cho,    Kitashira- 
kawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
Supt.  :     Mr.  Jukka  Rokka 
A-9,  B--4,  C-7,  D  350 


101 


Free  Methodist  Church  of  Japan 

(Nippon  Jiyu  Mesojisuto  Kyodan) 
81,     1-chome,     Maruyama-dori, 
Abeno-ku,  Osaka-shi 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Takesaburo  Uzaki 
A-37,  B  60,  C  5,  D-4,050 

n  - 


G 


General     Conference     Mennonite 
Mission 

(Kyushu      Mennonaito      Kyokai 
Kyogikai) 

50,     3-chome,      Yodogawa-cho, 
Miyazaki-shi 
Tel.  4007 

Moderator  :  Rev.  Peter  Derksen 
A  16,  B  4,  C  26,  D-154 


\\l     4007 

b"  -  &  —  •  T  fr  V  -fe  ^ 

Gospel  of  Jesus  Church 

(lesu  Fukuin  Kyodan) 
1548,   Shimohoya,    Hoya-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
Dir.  :     Rev.  Yu  Akichika 
A-  14,  B-9,  D-720 


1548 


H 

Holy  Convention 

(Kirisuto  Seikyodan) 
1539    Tsubakimori-cho,    Chiba- 
shi 

Tel.  0472-51-8510 
Supt.  :  Rev.  Hiromi  Yanaka 
A  37,  B-47,  D-1,547 

r-^ifi^^mi  1-539 

',£  0472-51-8510 


Holy  Jesus  Society 

(Sei  lesu  Kai) 

880,      3-chome,      Totsuka-cho, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  368-8278 

Supt.:    Rev.  Takeji  Otsuki 
A-72,  B-60,  D-2,529 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


303 


It    368-8278 


Association     for 
of       World       of 


Holy  Spirit 
Unification 
Christianity* 

(Sekai  Kirisutokyo  Toitsu  Shinrei 
Kyokai) 

1200,  1-chome,  Kitazawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  421-2889 

Repr.  :     Mr.  Nobuo  Kuboki 
A-26,  B-120,  D-10,000 


421-2889 


1-1200 


Immanuel  General  Mission 

(Immanueru  Sogo  Dendo  Dan) 
Kotsu  kyokai  BIdg.,  4.  3-chome, 
Marunouchi,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  271-0418 

Dir.  :     Rev.  Tsugio  Tsutada 
A-70,  B-117,  C  4,  D  5,833 


ft     271-0418 


International  Christian  Church 

(Kokusai  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
29,  1-chome,   Yoyogi,    Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  371-1967 


Supt. :  Rev.  Tosen  Yoshimoto 
A-8,  B-3,  D-147 


&    371-1967 
£#4HI 

International      Church      of      the 
Foursquare  Gospel 

(Kokusai  Fosukuea  Kyodan) 
769      Higashi     Ooizumi-machi, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Seita  Masui 
A3,  B-4,  C-2,  D-72 


International  Gospel  League 

(Kokusai  Fukuin  Renmei) 
93,  Uyama,  Sumoto-shi,  Awaji- 
shima,  Hyogo-ken 
Supt.:    Dr.  Janet  Kiel 
A-4,  B-9,  C  4,  DO 


aj  93 


%•>-*  h  •  ^  - 


The  Evangelical  Alliance  Mission 
Churches 

(Nihon  Domei  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  421-3442 
Supt. :    Mr.  Ralph  Cox 
A  35,  B-55,  C-158,  D  960 


304 


DIRECTORIES 


421-3442 


-15-15 


Japan  Alliance  Church 

(Nihon  Araiansu  Kyodan) 
255,     Itsukaichi-machi,     Saeki- 
gun,  Hiroshima-ken 
Tel.  21-0250 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Ichiroku  Fujiie 
A-32,  B-41,  C-13,  D-2,314 


21-0250 


8-4846 


Japan  Baptist  Conference 

(Nippon  Baputesuto  Senkyo  Dan) 
175  Tsujikuru-cho,  Ise-shi 
Tel.  8-4846 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Yoshio  Akasaka 
A-4,  B-5,  C-7,  D-76 


175 


Japan  Baptist  Convention 

(Nippon  Baputesuto  Renmei) 
350,      2-chome,       Nishi-okubo, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  351-2166 

Dir.  :    Rev.  Masayoshi  Soeda 
A-212,  B-162,   C-139,   D  14,839 


2-350 


351-2166 


Japan  Baptist  Union 

(Nippon  Baputesuto  Domei) 
2,  1-chome,  Misaki-cho,  Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  291-9445 
Dir. :     Rev.  Isamu  Chiba 
A-52,  B-65,  C-38,  D-4,082 


H*sari-2 


291-9445 


Japan  Christ  Society 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kai) 
37       Shoto-cho,       Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Toyokichi  Mori 
A-8,  B-12,  D-124 


Japan      Christian      Presbyterian 
Church 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Choro  Kyokai) 
273,  1-chome,  Horinouchi,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  312-3071 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Choji  Horikoshi 
A-8,  B-12,  C-ll,  D-380 


1-273 


312-3071 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


305 


701-4321 


Japan  Church  of  God  Federation 

(Nippon  Kami  no  Kyokai  Renmei) 
93,  3-chome,  Okusawa-machi, 
Tamagawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-4321 

Supt.  :    Rev.     Shigehisa     Tani- 
guchi 
A-  10,  B  9,  C-3,  D  500 


93 


Japan  Covenant  Church 

(Nippon  Kabenanto  Kyodan) 
c/o  Seikei  Shin  Gakko,   990,  3- 
chome,    Nakameguro,    Meguro- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  712-8746 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Isamu  Horikawa 
A  19,  B-8,  C-22,  D-329 


-990 


Japan  Evangelistic  Band 

(Nippon  Dendo  Tai) 

11,     5-chome,      Shiomidai-machi, 

Suma-ku,  Kobe-shi 

Tel.  7-5651 

Supt.:    Mr.  William  Bee 

A-13,  B-17,  C-ll,  D-241 


\\L     712-8476 
9S 


7-5651 

i;  7  A  •  t'  - 


Japan  Evangelistic  Gospel  Church 

(Nippon  Dendo  Fukuin    Kyodan) 
2895,     l-chome,     Kitanakajima, 
Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata-ken 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Seizo  Sato 
A-ll,  B-8 


1-2895 


Japan  Free  Will   Baptist  Mission 

(Fukuin  Baputesuto  Kyodan) 
c/o  Fred  Hersey,    2143,    Unoki, 
Sayama-shi,  Saitama-ken 
Repr.  :    Mr.  Wesley  Calvery 
A-  9,  B  7,  C-2,  D-154 


-  .  ij  /\,  y  7  y  - 

Japan  Gospel  Church 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Kyodan) 
3,  l-chome,  Nishi  Hachichobori, 
Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  551-8816 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Katsue  Yoshino 
A  58,  B-102,  C-0,  D-  1,038 


1-3 


Japan  (Gospel 

(Japan  Gosuperu  Rigu) 
56  Itakura-cho,  Koyama,   Kita- 
ku,  Kyoto-shi 

Supt,  :    Rev.  Edward  G.  Hanson 
A-9,  B-5,  C-2,  D-517 


551-8816 


306 


DIRECTORIES 


Japan  Gospel  of  Christ  Church 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
2500,  Shimoishihara,  Chofu-shi, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  0424-82-2457 
Dir.  :     Rev.  Keiichi  Hiraide 
A-2,  B-6,  D-297 


•,e  0424-82-2457 


Japan  Holiness  Church     Arahara 

(Nippon  Horinesu   Kyodan—  Ara- 
hara-Ha) 

40,  2-chome,  Tamagawa  Naka- 
machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-1880 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Takeru  Arahara 
A-16,  B-34,  D-982 


l|!w«PtH:ffl&K3£JII  W  2-40 
•,l£     701-1880 


Japan  Holiness  Church 

(Nippon       Horinesu       Kyodan  — 
Kurumada-Ha) 

1648,    Megurita,    Higashimura- 
yama-shi,  Tokyo 
Tel.  0423-9-3075 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Akiji  Kurumada 
A-131,  B-215,  C-16,  D-4,905 


1648 


Japan  Jesus  Christ  Church 

(Nippon  lesu  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
c/o   Akashi    Hitomaru   Kyokai, 
130,  1-chome,  Aioi-machi,  Aka- 
shi-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
Tel.  5665 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Jutaro  Dojo 
A-58,  B-138,  D-6,235 

y  7,  bgca 

1-30 


5665 


Japan  Lutheran  Church 

(Nippon  Ruteru  Kyodan) 
16,    1-chome,    Fujimi-cho, 
yoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  261-5266 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Richard  Meyer 
A-55,  B-13,  C-38,  D-2,049 


Chi- 


n    261-5266 

yf--*--  K-^  --v- 

Japan  Mennonite  Mission 

(Nippon  Mennonaito  Kyokai) 
Nishi    7-jo,    Minami    17-chome, 
Obihiro-shi,  Hokkaido 
Supt.  :     Mr.  Ralph  Buckwalter 
A-  19,  B-8,  C-20,  D-206 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


307 


Japan         Mennonite        Brethren 
Church 

(Nippon    Mennonaito    Burezaren 
Kyodan) 

26,      Iguchido-cho,      Ikeda-shi, 
Osaka-fu 
Tel.  6-8710 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Jonathan  Bartel 
A-  10,  B  5,  C-19,  D-395 

p  4:^  /  ^-  ^  h  y  1/-V-*  ix 


HL    6-  8710 

vx  j  -)-  if  V'si  —  'T  /u 

Japan  New  Testament  Church 

(Nippon  Shinyaku  Kyodan) 
854,      3-chome,       Kamitakaido, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Shinpei  Higuchi 
A-16,  B  13,  D-313 


Japan  Pentecost  Church  of  God 

(Nippon     Pentekosute    Kami    no 

Kyokai  Kyodan) 

13,    3-chome,    Tokugawayama- 

cho,  Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya-shi 

Supt.  : 

A-7,  B--7,  C-4,  D-152 
B  ^  v  7- 


Japan  Rural  Mission 

(Nippon  Chiho  Dendo  Dan) 
1,  1480,  Higashinaka-ku,  Saiki- 
shi,  Ooita-ken 
Tel.  2238 


Supt.  :     Rev.  J.  P.  Visser 
A-3,  B-2,  C-2,  D-18 


1-1480 


2238 


Jehovah's  Witnesses* 

(Monominoto  Seisho  Sasshi  Kyo 
kai  —  Ehoba  no  Shyosha) 
1,    Mita    Toyooka-cho,    Shiba, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
Repr.  :     Donald  Huslet 
A-  134,  B-268,  C-56,  D  2580 


K 

Korean  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 

(Zainichi  Taikan  Kirisuto  Kyokai) 
24,    Wakamiya-cho,    Shinjuku- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  260-8891 

Supt.:    Rev.  Yoon  Tai  Oh 
A-38,  B-34,  C-3,  D-691 


260-8891 


L 

Libenzeller  Mission 

(Riilx^nzera  Nippon  Dendo  Kai) 
1933    Nakanoshima,    Kawasaki- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
Tel.  Kawasaki  2334 


308 


DIRECTORIES 


Rep.  :     Mr.  Ernest  Vatter 
A-19,  B-19,  C-9,  D-442 


1933 

mm  2334 

j-  /u  v  ^  b  •  7  -r  T  fr 
Living  Water  Christian  Church 

(Kassui  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
589,  Ogikubo,  Odawara-shi 
Kanagawa-ken 
Tel.  Odawara  22-6891 
Moderator  :     Rev.  Daisuke  Abe 
A-14,  B-25,  C-0,  D-2363 


Mission     Covenant     Church     of 
Sweden 

(Nippon    Seiyaku   Kirisuto   Kyo- 
dan) 

332,  Aminohama,   Okayama-shi 
Tel.  2-9672 

Chairman:     Rev.  Taketoshi  O- 
yama 
A-9,  B-10,  C-18,  D-412 


fg     22-6891 


Lutheran    Brethren     Mission     of 
Japan 

(Nippon     Ruteru    Doho    Senkyo 
Dan) 

10,  Ishiwaki    Tajiri,    Honjo-shi, 
Akita-ken 

Supt.  :     Rev.  David  Lanager 
A-14,  B-ll,  C-10,  D-275 


~f  t?  y  K  •  7  y  if*/  •*  — 
M 

Mino  Mission 

Tomidahama,        Yokkaichi-shi, 

Mie-ken 

Tel.  Tomida  6-0096 

Supt.  :    Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Whe- 

well 

A  4,  B-3,  C-l,  D-1,765 


2-9672 


N 

Next  Town  Crusade 

1-19,  Chodo,  Fuse-shi,  Osaka-fu 
Rev.  A.  L.  Alderson 
A-ll,  B-20,  C-6,  D-196 
^  9  7^  \-  •  &  'fy  y  •  9  )\/  • — t  —  K 

y^PXluflTJ  Jlfi  rfTEaJlM.  1  O  19 

A.  L.   7  ^  ^  -  y  V 
Norway  Lutheran  Mission 

(Nishi    Nippon    Fukuin     Ruteru 
Kyokai) 

8,      2-chome,      Nakajima-dori, 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  22-3601 

Supt. :    Rev.  Goji  Nabeya 
A-55,  B-24,  C-17,  D-850 


fg     22-3601 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


309 


Norwegian      Evangelical      Orient 
Mission 

(Noruei    Toyo    Fukuin    Senkyo 
Kai) 

6  Machigashira,  Iwaki-gun, 
Yotsukura-machi,  Fukushima- 
ken 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Robert  W.  Gornitzka 
A  12,  B  -7,  C-ll,  D-130 


Norwegian  Missionary  Society 

(Kinki  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 
2-18,   Kamiike   Kita,    Kawamo, 
Takarazuka-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
Tel.  6-2459 

Moderator:     Rev.  Lars  Tjelle 
A-15,  B-21,  C-23,  D-675 


-18 


6-2459 


o 


Open  Hible  Church 

(Nippon  Opun   Baiburu  Kyodan) 
76,     5-chome,     Koshien-Guchi, 
Nishinomiya-shi 
Tel.  4-3452 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Suematsu  Wada 
A-8,  B-4,  C  3,  D-444 


4-3452 


Orebro     Missionary     Society      of 
Sweden 

(Sueden  Oreburo  Senkyo  Kai) 
1-254,    Hiraoka-cho,    Sakai-shi, 
Osaka-fu 

Repr.  :     Rev.  Helge  Jansson 
A  5,  B  16,  C-17,  D-278 


-254 


Oriental  Missionary  Society  Holi 

ness  Church 
(Toyo  Senkyokai  Kiyome  Kyokai) 

971,  4-chome,  Kashiwagi,  Shin- 

juku-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  369  6646 

Chief:     Rev.  Koichi  Ozaki 

A-22,  B-23,  D  561 


"  4-971 


fg    369-6646 


Original  Gospel  Movements 

(Genshi  Fukuin  Kami-no-Makuya) 
88,  Karashima-cho,  Kumamoto- 
shi 

Repr.  :     Mr.  Ikuo  Teshima 
A  219,  B-218,  D-10,000 


Orthodox  Church 

(Nihon  Harisutosu  Sei  Kyokai) 
1,  4-chome,   Surugadai,   Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  291-1885 


310 


DIRECTORIES 


Bishop  : 

A-42,  B-61,  D-8,927 


4-1 


291-1885 


Philadelphia  Church  Mission 

(Firaderufia  Kyokai) 
205,       Osato-cho,       Honmo-ku, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  20-4788 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Harold    N.  Heste- 
kind 
A-28,  B-5,  C-8,  D-80 


Plymouth  Brethren 

(Kirisuto  Shinto  no  Shukai) 
77,    1-chome    Narimune,    Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391-6227 

Repr.  :    Mr.  Tamezo  Yamanaka 
A-8,  B-l,  C-l,  D-150 


•,li     391-6227 


Salvation  Army  in  Japan 

(Kyusei  Gun  Nippon  Honei) 
17,  2-chome,  Jinbo-cho,  Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 


Tel.  331-7311 

Territorial  Commander:    Com 
missioner  Charles  Davidson 
A-115,  B-254,  C-7,  D-9,921 


'rS     331-7311 

•f-  ^  —  /u  X  •  T  t*  •>  K  V  >' 
Sambi  Church 
(Sanbi  Kyodan) 

215,  Kako-machi,  Hiroshima-shi 

Tel.  31-4449 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Kyo  Kurokawa 

A-6,  B-3,  D-145 


215 


31-4449 


HIM  m 

Seventh  Day  Adventist 

(Nippon  Rengo  Dendo  Bukai) 
164,  3-chome,  Onden,   Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  401-1171 
Supt.  :     Mr.  W.  T.  Clark 
A-116,  B-363,  C-32,  D-5,259 


-164 


ffg     401-1171 
W.  T.    9  7  -  9 


Society  of  Friends 

(Kirisuto  Yukai  Nippon   Nenkai) 
12,    1-chome,    Mita    Dai-machi, 
Shiba,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  451-7002 

Moderator  :        Rev.      Toyotaro 
Takemura 
A-8,  B-0,  C-4,  D-222 


JAPANESE  CHURCH  HEADQUARTERS 


311 


1-12 


ft     451-7002 

.•••'.- 


391-5925 


Spirit  of  Jesus  Christ  Church 

(lesu  no  Mitama  Kyokai  Kyodan) 
152,    3-chome,    Ogikubo,    Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391  5925 
Bishop  :     Rev.  Jun  Murai 
A  263,  B  84,  C-0,  D-27,112 
(Okinawa  omitted) 


-152 


Swedish    Evangelical    Mission    in 
Japan 

(Zainichi    Sueden    Domei    Dendo 
Dan) 

273  33,  Aza  Raiba,  Nobori- 
betsu-cho,  Horobetsu-gun,  Hok 
kaido 

Tel.  Horobetsu  182 
Repr.  :     Mr.  Edvin  Bohlin 
A-  10,  B-4,  C-7,  D  249 


33-273 

It     3V 


182 

V'  ,-t-:  - 


Mis 


Swedish  Evangelical  Orient 
sion 

(Sueden  Toyo  Fukuin  Dendo  Dan) 
1675,  Omiya,  Fujinomiya-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken 


Moderator  :     Rev.  Erik  Malm 
A-5,  B-4,  C-7,  D-57 


1675 


y   9  •  -7  Sl>  A 


True  Church  of  Jesus  in  Japan 

(Shin  lesu  Kyokai    Nippon    Kyo 
dan) 

178,  Minami  Kagaya-cho,  Sumi- 
yoshi-ku,  Osaka-shi 
Supt.  :     Rev.  Kiyomoto  Suda 
A-10,  B  7,  C-0,  D-205 


u 

Unitarian  Church* 

(Nihon  Jiyu  Shukyo  Renmei) 
c/o    Seisoku     Kotogakko,      24, 
Shibakoen,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  431-0913 

Supt.  :    Rev.  Shinichiro  Imaoka 
A-4,  B-10,  D-  1,365 


United  Church  of  Christ  in  Japan 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
2,    4-chome,     Ginza,     Chuo-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  561-6131-5 

Moderator  :  Rev.  Isamu  Omura 
A-  1597,  B-1809,  C  365,  D- 
189,152 


312 


DIRECTORIES 


',i£     561-6131-5 


United  Pentecostal    Church    Mis 
sionaries 

(Unaito  Pentekosuto  Kyodan) 
671,  5-chome,  Nukui  Kita-machi, 
Koganei-shi,  Tokyo 
Supt.  : 
A-21,  B-34,  C-8,  D-384 


-671 


Universal  Evangelical  Church 

(Bankoku  Fukuin  Kyodan) 
162,    Hon-cho,    Matsumoto-shi, 
Nagano-ken 
Tel.  2-2347 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Hiroshi  Nakazawa 
A-31,  B-20,  C-0,  D-1,000 


162 


2-2347 


Universalist  Church* 

(Kirisutokyo  Dojin  Shadan) 
(Christian  Fellowship  Society) 

50    Takada-Oimatsu-cho,    Bun- 

kyo-ku,  Tokyo 

Supt.  :     Rev.  Tadagoro  Ono 

A-2,  B-l,  C-0,  D-lll 


50 


W 

Worldwide     Evangelization    Cru 
sade 

(Sekai  Fukuin  Dendo  Dan) 
569,     Oaza     Kindo,      Gokasho- 
machi,  Kanzaki-gun,  Shiga-ken 
Tel.  Ishizuka  47 
Supt.  :     Mr.  Kenneth  Roundhill 
A-16,  B-8,  C-10 


569 


47 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOLS 


UNIV— University 

PCS     -Post-graduate  School 

C        —College 

WC    —Women's  College 

WJC  —Women's  Junior  College 

JC       — Junior  College 

NJC    —Night  Junior  College 

SHS    —Senior  High  School 

NSHS— Night  Senior  High  School 

GSHS— Girls'  Senior  High  School 

BSHS— Boys'  Senior  High  School 

CSHS— Commercial  Senior  High  School 

SHCI  —Senior  High  School  of  Commerce  and  Industry 

JHS    —Junior  High  School 

GJHS— Girls'  Junior  High  School 

PS      —Primary  School 


Aizu  Rittai  Nogyo  Kenkyujo 

(Aizu  Agricultural  Institute) 
Onuma-mura,  Fukushima-ken 
Sakae  Endo 


Aoyama  Cakuin 

22    Midorigaoka-cho,    Shibuya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  402-8111 

Kinjiro  Oki 

Univ.—  8681,     PG—  80,     WJC— 

1,456,    SHS-1,424,     JHS-861, 

PS-792 


402-8111 


1,456, 
/Nfc—  792 


Azami  Yosai  Kenkyusho 

(Azami  Dressmaking  School) 
28  Keya-cho,  Fukui-shi 
Tel.  Fukui  4298 
Shizuko  Yasumoto 


4298 


314 


DIRECTORIES 


Baika  Gakuen 

106,  6-chome,  Honmachi,  Toyo- 

naka-shi,  Osaka-fu 

Tel.  Toyonaka  2  3206 

Jutaro  Tamiaki 

JC—  676,  SHS-1,756,  JHS—  694 


106 


2-3206 


694 

Baiko  Jogakuin 

1954  Maruyama-cho,   Shimono- 

seki-shi 

Tel.    Shimonoseki  22-3722/9660 

/9744 

Shinjiro  Hirotsu 

JC—  85,  SHS-714,  JHS—  564 


TH8  22-3722/9660/9744 

fil5 

,   i^K-714,  (f  ^-564 


Baputesuto  Seisho  Shin  Gakko 

(Baptist  Bible  School) 
31    Nakasugiyama-dori,    Sendai 
John  McDaniel 


22-4488 
V  •  ~*  9 


Chinzei  Gakuin 

1,057  Sakaeda-cho,  Isahaya-shi, 

Nagasaki-ken 

Tel.  Isahaya  1212 

Moritaka  Samejima 

SHS—  808,  JHS—  100 


1,057 


1212 


-808,  Ff  ¥-100 


Chuo  Nippon  Seisho  Gakujuku 

124   Seioji-machi,   Maebashi-shi 
Tel.  2-7922 
Sozo  Ichikawa 


124 


Chuo  Seisho  Gakko 

(Central  Bible  Institute) 
430-1,     3-chome,      Komagome, 
Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  982-4925 
Kiyoma  Yumiyama 
Students-55 


(2)  7922 


982-4925 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


315 


I) 

Daito  Gakuen 

210  Kaminoge-machi,  Setagaya- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-1181 
Azumo  Moriya 
SHS-169,  JHS  655 


701-1181 


Domei  Seisho  Gakko 

(Alliance  Bible  Institute) 
992      Shimotakaido      4-chome, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Warren  T.  Adams 


•7-ixv  T.  T^A* 

DoHhisha 

Genbu-cho,     Karasuma-higashi- 
iru,  Imadegawa-dori,  Kamikyo- 
ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  Kyoto  23  1131 
Etsuji  Sumitani 

Univ.-14.708,  PGS-320,  WC— 
1,702,  GSHS-802,  GJHS—  782, 
SHS-1,175,  JHS  905,  CSHS  - 
503,  Kori  SHS  987,  Kori  JHS 
—501 


^K  manual 

23-1131 


1,175,  Mr^- 


E 


Enzeru  Daigakuen 

(Angel  Daigakuen) 
409     Oaza     Kitano,     Kiimura, 
Kaiso-gun,  Wakayama-Ken 
Tel.  Kawabe  4315 
Kiichi  Hirata 


ifL 


4315 


Evanjerikaru  Baiburu  Inautituto 

(Evangelical  Bible  Institute) 
1,009      Daisen-cho,      Sakai-shi, 
Osaka-fu 
E.  Sandberg 


1,009 


E. 


Ferris  Jofifakuin 

178       Yamate-cho,       Naka-ku, 

Yokohama-shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  64-0241/2 

Takeo  Yamanaga 

JC     787,  SHS-404,  JHS-405 


316 


DIRECTORIES 


64-0241/2 


Furendo  Gakuen 

30  Shiba-Mita-Koun-cho,  Mina- 
to-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  451-4616 
Toshi  Ishida 
SHS-343,  JHS—  304 


451-4616 


Fukui  Eigo  Gakko 

(Fukui  English  School) 
103  Hoeikami-cho,  Fukui-shi 
Tel.  Fukui  4598 
Kogoiemon  Nitagai 


4598 


Fukuin  Koyu  Kai 

(Gospel    Fellowship    Bible    Insti 
tute) 

63-1  Showa-cho,  Hamadera,  Sa- 
kai-shi,  Osaka-fu 
Miss  A.  Pfaff 


Fukuoka  Jogakuin 

35  Oaza-Kamiosa,    Fukuoka-shi 
Tel.  Fukuoka  58-1492/5 
Yae  Kakizono 
JC—  190,  SHS—  797,  JHS—  665 


58-1492/5 


—  797,  41^—665 
Fukuzawa  Yosai  Gakuin 

(Fukuzawa  Dressmaking  School) 
1767     Hokujo,      Tateyama-shi, 
Chiba-ken 
Tel.  Tateyama  413 
Haru  Fukuzawa 


1,767 


413 


Fuller  Japan  Summer  Seminary 

1,  2-chome,   Surugadai,   Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Dr.  H.  Aoki 


2-1 


Futae  Gakuen  Shogakko 

(Futae  Gakuen  Primary    School) 
164     Harigatani-cho,     1-chome, 
Urawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 
Tel.  Urawa  3705 
Take  Matsuo 


164 


3705 


CHRISTIAN  SCIKX^L 


317 


Gifu  Saibi  Gakuin 

33  Seihoji-machi,  Gifu-shi 
Tel.  2-2345,  4-5641 
Takashi  Katagiri 
SHS-  1,140 


fit    2-2345,  4-5641 


Gureisu  Eigakuin 

(Grace  English  School) 
795      Nogata-machi      1-chome, 
Nakano-ku,  Tokyo 
Teruo  Okabe 


795 


Gyokusei  Koto  Hoiku  Gakko 

15    Shoanminami-machi,     Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391-5973 
Taro  Takemasa 
Students-92 


is 


391-5973 


II 


Hakuaiwha  (iakuen  Shogakko 

(Hakuaisha       Gakuen       Primary 
School) 


65    Moto-imazato    Kita-dori    2- 

chome,    Higashi   Yodogawa-ku, 

Osaka-fu 

Tel.  Toyosaki  367 

Katsue  Kobashi 


2  T 


fl  65 

m  mm  367 


Hamamatsu  Diakoni  Gakko 

3,453    Mikatahara-cho,     Hama- 
matsu-shi 


^flgCIHJ  3,453 

Hatori  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Hatori  Bible  Institute) 
Midori-machi,  Higashi,  Ibaragi- 
gun,  Ibaragi-ken 
Toichi  Hashimoto 


»*«- 

Heian  Jogakuin 

5-chome,  Shimotateuritori,    Ka- 

rasuma  Nishi-Iru,  Kamikyo-ku, 

Kyoto 

Tel.  Kyoto  44-0135 

Chuichi  Sakurai 

JC—  551,  SHS—  1,608,  JHS-400 


44-0135 


40Q 


318 


DIRECTORIES 


Heiwa  Gakuen 

5,811  Kowada,  Chigasaki-shi 
Tel.  Fujisawa  6-7780 
Hideo  Ootsuka 
SHS—  384,  JHS-64,  PS-146 


5,8ii 


Himeji- 


6-7780 


Hinomoto  Gakuen 

50    Shimo-Teramachi, 

shi 

Tel.  Himeji  23-7612 

Saburo  Namioka 

SHS—  527,  JHS—  445 


23-7612 


-527,  ff  '¥-445 


Hiroshima  YMCA  Gakuen 

1  Moto-machi,  Hiroshima-shi 
Tel.  21-2869,  2889 
Kazumitsu  Aihara 
[£ft  YMCA 


fg     21-2869,  2889 


Hirosaki  Gakuin 

5    Sakamoto-cho,    Hirosaki-shi, 

Aomori-ken 

Tel.  Hirosaki  2-7281/3 

Hideo  Takasugi 

JC-323,  Seiai  SHS-1,523,  Sei 

ai  JHS-743 


2-7281/3 


—  748 
Hiroshima  Jogakuin 

720  Ushida-cho,  Hiroshima-shi 

Tel.  Hiroshima  2-1667 

Hamako  Hirose 

College-320 

JC—  260,  SHS—  765,  JHS—  652 


720 
2-1667 


765, 
Hisamune  Rittai  Nogyo  Kenkyujo 

(Hisamune  Agricultural  Institute) 
Nakakitakami,    Oi-cho,    Kume- 
gun,  Okayama-ken 
Tsuyoshi  Hisamune 


^^  tt 

Hitoyoshi  Bible  Institute 

1,033     Shiromoto-machi,     Hito- 
yoshi-shi,  Kumamoto  Ken 
Dale  Oxley 


22-jo, 


1,033 

7-*  —  si*  •  Or  y  9  :*.  l^  -f 
Hokkaido  Bible  Institute 

Nishi,     6-chome,     Kita, 

Sapporo 

A.  Reynolds 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


319 


Hokkaido  Winter  Bible  School 

1  Minami,  17-chome,  Nishi  7-  jo, 
Obihiro-shi,  Hokkaido 
Robert  Lee 


Hokuriku  Gakuin 

10  Kamikakinokibatake,   Kana- 

zawa-shi 

Tel.  Kanazawa  3-1985 

Tetsuo  Bansyo 

Nursery     JC—  145,     SHS—  950, 

JHS—  505,  PS—  46 


10 


3-1985 


,  ^5^-950,    if  3* 


—505, 

Hokiuei  Gakuen 

Nishi    17-chome,    Minami    5-jo, 

Sapporo-shi 

Tel.  Sapporo  4-4887 

Masao  Tokito 

Univ.—  233  GJHS—  888,  WJC— 

491,  BSHS—  528,  GSHS—  816 


4-4887 


II  Min  a  n-  Cakuen 
Kashiwazaki,    Kuji-shi, 
ken 

Tel.  25 

Takeshi  Yahaba 
JHS-93 


Iwate- 


It     25 


Hozana  Ryori  Gakko 

138  Mukai-cho,  Maebashi-shi 
Tel.  2-7330 
Tazuko  Ishiguro 
Students—  200 


18     2-7330 


la!  Girls  Senior  High  School 

64  Suginami-cho,    Hakodate-shi 
Tel.  Hakodate  2-0418 
Takeshiro  Araya 
SHS—  772,  JHS—  539 


2-0418 


320 


DIRECTORIES 


Ibaragi  Christian  College 

4048  Kujimachi,  Hitachi-shi 

Tel.  Kujihama  2215 

E.  W.  McMillan 

JO423  SHS—  812,  JHS—  169 


E.  VI. 


2215 


limorino  Noson  Dendo  Gakko 

(limorino  School  of  Evangelism) 
Shimo     Satomura,     Kasai-gun, 
Hyogo-ken 
Tomijiro  Iwatsuka 


Ikoma  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Ikoma  Bible  College) 
Ikoma-machi,  Ikoma-gun,  Nara- 
ken 
Leonard  W.  Coote 


K  W.  *-  b 

Imumanueru  Seisen  Shingakuin 

(Immanuel    Bible   Training    Col 
lege) 

57  Tokiwa-machi  10,  Urawa-shi 
Tel.  4284 
Tsugio  Tsutada 


jfflft  4284 


Jido  Dendo  Gakuin 

(Child  Evangelism  Institute) 
1,599  Higashi  Kubo,    Kamiarai, 
Tokorozawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 
Kenneth  Attaway 


1,599 


Gakuen-machi, 
Kitatama-gun, 


Jiyu  Gakuen 

Minamizawa, 
Kurumemura, 
Tokyo 
Tel.  0424 
Keiko  Hani 


0424 


Joshi  Gakuin 

10,  22-chome,  Ichiban-cho,  Chi- 
yoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  301-1187/9 
Tsuchi  Yamamoto 
SHS—  742,  JHSr783 


—  SWT22  (D  10 
301-1187/9 

-7f- 

—  742,  ff^—  783 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


321 


K 


Kagawa  Rittai  Nogyo  Kenkyujo 

(Kagawa  Agricultural  Institute) 
71     Soshigaya    1-chome,    Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Kanzo  Ogawa  (Tokyo  Branch) 


1071 


Kagawa  Eiyo  Gakuen 

3-422  Komagome,  Toshima-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  982-4101 

Yoshiko  Kagawa 

Students—  289 


IK    982-4101 


£61-289 
Kankoku  Koto  Seikei  Gakko 

2-40  Honjo-Higashidori,  Oyodo- 
ku,  Osaka 


1  2-40 
Kansai  Seisho  Shin  Gakko 

(Kansai  Bible  School) 
87   Shiyoya-machi,   Tarumi-ku, 
Kobe 

Tel.  Tarumi  2126 
Goro  Sawamura 


2126 


Kansei  (.aknin 

2,  1-chome,  Uegahara,  Nishino- 
miya-shi 

Tel.  Nishinomiya  5-0912/8 
Takashi  Komiya 
Univ.  -10,543,    PCS—  278    SHS 
—949,  JHS—  569 


M  5-0912/8 


—949,  r^^- 


Kanto  Gakuin 

4,834    Mutsuura-machi,    Kana- 
zawa-ku,  Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  Yokohama  3-8609 
Tasuku  Sakata 

Univ.—  3,363,  PCS—  6,  JC—  381, 
NJC-66,  SHS-849,  NSHS- 
168,  JHS  -695,  PS  -243,  SHCI  - 
300,  Mutsuura  SHS  -642,  Mu- 
tsuura  JHS  -604,  Mutsuura  PS 
—466,  Hayama  PS  -150 


3-8609 


JSW 


381, 


^-243, 
$—642, 
^-466, 


£—  604,  A 


322 


DIRECTORIES 


Karuizawa  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Karuizawa  Bible  Institute) 
2,163  Karuizawa,  Nagano  ken 
Tel.  2302 
Earl  F.  Tygert 


f8    2302 

r  -  fr  F.  *  -f  #  -  h 

Kashiwazaki  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Kashiwazaki  Bible  Institute) 
Kujiranami-machi,        Kashiwa- 
zaki-shi,  Niigata-ken 
Tel.  3347 

Lyman  R.  Spaulding 
Students—  15 


m    3347 
L.  R.  XT 


Kassui  Gakuin 

13    Higashi-Yamatecho,    Naga- 

saki-shi 

Tel.  Nagasaki  3-2674 

E.  Clarke 

JC-744,  SHS—  761,  JHS—  666 


3-2674 


744,  i^^-761,  FfJ^-666 

Keimei  Gakuen 

1737  Haijima-machi,  Akishima- 
shi,  Tokyo 
Tel.  0425 


Naoaki  Sugano 
SHS— 110,  JHS— 82 


0425 


Keimei  Jogakuin 

35,  4-chome,   Naka-Yamatedori, 
Ikuta-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  Kobe  22-3539 
Masahisa  Tobita 
SHS—  750,  JHS—  330 


22-3539 


—  750,  ^^:—  330 


Keisen  Jogakuen 

1,090  Funabashi-cho,  Setagaya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  328-0183/5 

Jiro  Shimizu 

JC—  323,  SHS—  738,  JHS-481 


1.090 


328-0183/5 


Hi- 


Kinjo  Gakuin 

2,  4-chome,  Shirokabe-cho, 

gashi-ku,  Nagoya-shi 

Tel.  Nagoya  94-6236/9 

Kintaro  Togari 

Univ.—  595,     JC—  1,658,    SHS— 

2,017,  JHS—  1,321 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


323 


IS 


94-6236/9 


2,017, 


—  1,321 


i\  iti-uiu  Kyodaidan  Seitiho  Gaku 
in 

Hatori,    Minosato-machi,    Higa- 
shi-Ibaragi-gun,  Ibaragi-ken 
Tel.  Hatori  32 
Keishi  Tanaka 


Kirisutokyo  Ongaku  Gakko 

(Christian  Music  Center) 
2,280    Shinohara-cho,    Kohoku- 
ku,  Yokohama 
Miss  B.  Hudson 


W  2,280 

K  V  v 


Miss  B. 


Kirisutokyo  Ongaku  Gakko 

5  Sakurayama-machi,    Nakano- 
ku,  Tokyo 

Higashinakano  Kyokai  nai 
Tel.  368-0020 
Michio  Kozaki 
Students—  100 


368-0020 


Kiriautokyo  Fukuin  Gakko 

(Christian  Evangelical  School) 
Tokaichi  Suji,  IHagi-shi,  Yama- 
guchi  Ken. 
Peter  Willms 


32 


Kiriautokyo  Dokuritsugakuen 
Koto  Gakko 

826     Kanomizu,    Oguni-machi, 

Nishiokitama-gun,      Yamagata- 

ken 

Tel.  Ichinono  1751 

Sukeyoshi  Suzuki 

Students—  75 


tt 


1751 


Kirisuto  Seikyodan  Seisho  (Jakuin 
539-1,  Tsubakimori-machi, 

Chiba-shi 

Tel.   (0472)  2-5085 
Hiromi  Yanaka 
Students-3 


539-1 
(0472)  2-5085 


324 


DIRECTORIES 


Kita-Nihon  Seisho  Shin  Gakko 

Nishi  18-chome,    Minami  14-jo, 

Sapporo 

William  J.  Nukita 

Students—  2 


•>  4  y  7 

£$£-2 


T. 


Kiyosato  Nogyo  Koto  Gakko 

Kiyosato,  Takane-machi,    Kita- 
Koma-gun,  Yaman-ashi-ken 
Noson  Center  nai 
Tel.  19 
Paul  Rusch 
Students—  20 


ut   19 


Kobe  Jogakuin 

65,    Okadayama,    Nishinomiya- 

shi 

Tel.  Nishinomiya  5-0955 

Monkichi  Namba 

Univ.—  1,022,  SHS—  483,   JHS— 

426 


65 

5-0955 


A'^-1022, 
426 


Kobe  Kaikakuha  Shingakko 

10  Takahasu,    Nada-ku,    Kobe- 

shi 

Tel.  85-4922 

Minoru  Okada 

Students-21 


10 


85-4922 


85-1044 


Kobe  Nihongo  Gakko 

10   Takahasu,   Nada-ku,    Kobe- 

shi 

Tel.  85-1044 

Yoshio  Hyakugen 

Students—  56 


10 


Kobe  Ruteru  Seisho  Gakuin 

2-8,  Nakajima-dori,  Fukuiai-ku, 
Kobe-shi 
Tel.  22-3601 
Arne  Gronning 


2-8 


22-3601 


Kobe  Ryori  Kyoshitsu 

2-31-5,   Sanmiya-machi, 
ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  3-5591 
Buichi  Hirata 


Ikuta- 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


325 


2-31-5 


3-5591 


Kobe  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Kobe  Bible  Seminary) 
10,       1-chome,       Kagoike-dori, 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Hidehiko  Sato 


10 


Kobe  Shingakuin 

(Kobe  Theological  Seminary) 
161,    Odawara,    Sumiyoshi-cho, 
Higashi  Nada-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Yoshitaro  Imamura 


®  161 


Kokusai  Eigo  (iakko 

(International  English  School) 
838,    5-chome   Sendagaya,    Shi- 
buya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  371   1967 
Togawa  Yoshimoto 
Students-538 


tf-1:  ?f  [>C  "Ftt  Tr  5  T  II  838 
',E     371   1967 

W*4III 

3-^  -538 

Kokuaai  Kirisutokyo  Daigaku 

(International    Christian    Univer 
sity) 
1,500  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 


Tel.  Musashino  3  3131 
Nobushige  Ukai 
Univ.—  983,    PGS-79,    Special 
Course  —  6 


1,500 

3-3131 


Kokusai  Senkyo  Shin  Gakko 

1-29  Yoyogi,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
Kokusai  Kirisuto  Kyodan 
Yoshie  Yoshimoto 
Students-2 


Koran  Jogakko 

1046,    7-chome,    Hiratsuka-cho, 
Shinagawa-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  781-4736 
Nobumichi  Imai 
SHS-477,  JHS-373 


7"  |  |  1046 


Kyoai  Cakuen 

131  Iwakami-cho,  Maebashi-shi 
Tel.  Maebashi  3  2223 
Saishi  Shu 
SHS-490,  JHS-290 


781-4736 


326 


DIRECTORIES 


3-2223 


>-490,  #f=— 290 

Kyoritsu  Joshi  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Kyoritsu    Women's   Theological 
Seminary) 

221  Yamate-cho,   Nada-ku,   Yo- 
kohama-shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  (045)  64-3993 
M.  Ballantyne 


k   (045)  64-3993 


Kyoto  Hoiku  Senmon  Gakuin 

14-4,  Hirata-machi,  Katagihara, 
Ukyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  38-2670 
Masaharu  Nakae 
Students—  40 


14-4 


Kyuseigun  Shikan  Gakko 

874    Wada-Honcho,    Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo 
George  Oestreich 


IS     38-2670 


Kyushu  Gakuin 

45,  Kuhonji,  Oecho,  Kumamoto- 
shi 


Tel.:     Kumamoto  4-6134/5 
Kiyoshi  Kawase 
SHS—  1,250,  JHS—  280 


^  45 
4-6134/5 

mm  m 

—  1,250,  F^^—  280 


Kyushu  Jo  Gakuin 

300     Murozono,     Shimizu-cho, 

Kumamoto-shi 

Tel.:     Kumamoto  4-0058,  2830 

Kiyoshi  Hirai 

SHS—  959,  JHS—  468 


m  300 

4-0058/2830 
,  Ff  '^-468 


Logosu  Eigo  Gakko 

(Logos  English  School) 
1140,  1-chome  Mejiro,  Toshima- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  971-1537,  4001 
Sawato  Yamamoto 
Students—  1600 


971-4011,  1537 


£31—1,600 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


327 


Shingakuin 

9  Nagao-machi,    Udano, 
ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  44-4603 
'Takeji  Ootsuki 
Students—  15 


Ukyo- 


44-4603 


M 

Maebashi  Seisho  Gakuryo 

(Maebashi  Bible  School) 
124  Seioji-machi,  Maebashi-shi, 
Gunma-ken 
D.  A.  Parr 


D.A.  '<- 
Mana  Ryori  Gakko 

(Manna  Cooking  School) 
21,  3-chome  Oimatsu-cho,  Kita- 
ku,  Osaka-shi 
Tel.  341-9009 
Buichi  Hirata 


341-9009 


Matsuyama  Jonan  Koto  Gakko 

17,  Nagaki-machi,   Matsuyama- 

shi 

Tel.  Matsuyama  2-7288 

Taketaro  Sekioka 

SHS-385 


2-7288 


K8-385 

MatHuyama  Shinonome  Gakuen 
65,    3-chome    Okaido,     Matsu- 
yama-shi 

Tel.  Matsuyama  2  4136 
Tsutomu  Shiraishi 
SHS— 1,010,  JHS— 612 


2-4136 


Mesrumi  En  Yogo  Gakko 

625  Kami  Tafuse-machi, 

shi 

Tel.  2760 

Tsunetoshi  Kuribayashi 


Saga- 


2760 


Meiji  Gakuin 

42  Imasato-cho,  Shirokane,  Shi- 

ba  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  443-8231 

Tomio  Muto 

Univ.     6,451,    PCS  -68,    SHS  - 

1,074,  JHS  -745,  Higashi  Mura- 

yama  SHS  -168 


328 


DIRECTORIES 


443-8231 


^-6,451,  ^ 
1,074,  41^—745, 
168 


Midorigaoka  Gakuin 

39  Midorigaoka,  Yokosuka-shi 
Tel.  2-1651 
Kanichi  Yoshinaga 


H^T  166 


(0468)   2-1651 


Midorigaoka  Shogakko 

(Primary  School) 
3  Kusunoki-cho,  Uchiide,  Ashi- 
ya-shi 
Tel.  2-5026 
Juro  lijima 
Students  -42 


2-5026 


Sen- 


Miyagi  Gakuin 

166   Higashi    Sanban-cho, 

dai-shi 

Tel.  Sendai  22-0196 

Shinshi  Oda 

College  -765,    JC  -596,    SHS— 

1,028,  JHS—  833 


22-0196 


41^—833 


Momoyama  Gakuin 

5,  3-chome  Showa-machi  Naka, 

Abeno-ku,  Osaka-shi 

Tel.  Osaka  621-1181/5 

Hinsuke  Yashiro 

Univ.— 2,300,  SJS— 2032,  KJS- 

368 


305 


621-1181/5 
AttfcJJft 
^^-2,300, 

368 


Mukyokai  Seisho  Juku 

(Mukyokai  Bible  School) 
88     Karashima-machi,     Kuma- 
moto-shi 

Tel.  Kumamoto  3-5364 
Ikuo  Tejima 


3-5364 


Musashino  Gakuen  Shogakko 

(Primary  School) 
119  Sakai,   Musashino-shi,    To 
kyo 

Tel.  Musashino  398-4219 
Fujitaro  Sato 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


329 


iE 


398-4219 


Muaashino  Nomin  Fukuin  Gakko 

(Musashino   Agricultural    Gospel 
School) 

71,    1-chome    Soshigaya,    Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Kanzo  Ogawa 


1071 


N 


Nagasaki  Gaikokugo  Junior   Col 
lege 

243    Sumiyoshi-cho,    Nagasaki- 
shi 

Tel.  Nagasaki  4-1682 
Takeo  Aoyama 
JC-163,  NJC—  102 


IS 


lHr  243 
4-1682 


Nagoya  Gakuin 

7,  10-chome,  Daikou-cho,  Higa- 

shi-ku,  Nagoya-shi 

Tel.  73-8186 

Kazuo  Suekane 

SHS-1,818,  JHS-801,   College 

—246 


10-7 


73-8186 


801 

Nakayama  Jissen  (jakuin 

87  Kami  Ogawara-cho,  Kofu-shi 
Tel.  Kofu  3-8650 
Ryoichi  Nakayama 
Students—  79 


3-8650 


Naniwa  Kyokai   Ki  Gakuin 

20,  3-chome   Koraibashi,    Higa- 
shi-ku,  Osaka-shi 
Tel.  231-4951 
Takeo  Nakahashi 
Students—  400 


231-4951 


Nichi-Bei  Kaiwa  Gakuin 

(Japanese  American  Conversation 
Institutes) 

21,  1-chome  Yotsuya,  Shinjuku- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  351  6171 
Namiji  Itabashi 


330 


DIRECTORIES 


',(L     3516171 


Niijima  Gakuen 

3702  Annaka,  Annaka-shi,  Gun- 

ma-ken 

Tel.  Annaka  8-0240 

Fumio  Iwai 

SHS-448,  JHS-370 


8-0240 


SJB-448,  rf.^-370 

Nikorai  Gakuin 

(Nicolai  Gakuin) 
1,  4-chome   Surugadai,    Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  291-9254 
Students—  2,100 


m     291-9254 
£31—2,100 

Nippon  Araiansu  Seisho  Gakko 

(Japan  Alliance  Bible  School) 
225  Itsukaichi-machi,  Saeki-gun, 
Hiroshima-ken 
Tel.  21-0250 
Paul  McGarvey 
Students— 5 


21-0250 


Nippon  Baputesuto   Seisho  Shin- 
gakko 

(Japan  Baptist  Bible  Seminary) 
10,     1-chome     Matsunami-cho, 
Chiba-shi 

Tel.  2-0324,  3-8347 
Ray  D.  Arnold 
Students—  10 


51-2929 
D.   7  - 


1-3  (D  11 


Nippon  Christian  Tanki  Daigaku 

(Japan  Christian  Junior  College) 
P.O.  Box  2,  Yotsukaido,    Inba- 
gun,  Chiba-ken 
Wyn  Koop 


7  4  V  -  ^  -  ~7 

Nippon  Christian  College 

(Japan  Christian  College) 
8453     Yaho,     Kunitachi-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
Tel.  0425-7-2131/2 
Donald  E.  Hoke 

'J  X^-^>    ai/y*/ 

8,453 


ft     (0425)   7-2131/2 
F^-/U  K  E.  H-,-  9 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


331 


Nippon       Fukuin      Jiyu      SeiHho 
(iakuin 

(Japan     Evangelical    Free    Bible 
Institute) 

58      Komatsubara      Kitamachi, 
Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi 
W.  E.  Thaleen 


w.  E.  •*•  y  -  v 

Nippon  Fukuin  Shingakko 

(Japan  Gospel  Seminary) 
2500  Kami  Ishihara,  Chofu-shi, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  Chofu  0457 
Keichi  Hiraide 


Ml 


457 


Nippon  Jido  Fukuin  Dendo  Kyo- 
kai  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Japan  Child  Evangelism  Fellow 
ship  Bible  School) 
146  Nishiyama-cho,  Ashiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken 
Jane  Swetland 


146 


Nippon      Kirisutokyokai       Tokyo 
Shingaku  Juku 

(Christian  Japan  Mission    Tokyo 
Bible  School) 

14,  3  chome   Chihaya-cho,    To- 
shima-ku,  Tokyo 
Hisao  Kurihara 


Nippon  Kirisuto  Shingakko 

(Japan      Christian      Theological 
Seminary) 

273,  1  -chome  Horinouchi,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  312-3071 
John  M.  L.  Young 
Students—  26 


1-273 


312-3071 
V  M.  -V 


Nippon  Kyurei  Dendo  Tai 

64  Honmoku-cho,  Midorigaoka, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi 
Gerry  Johnson 


Nippon  Lutheran  Seminary 

921,  2-chome,  Saginomiya,   Na- 
kano-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  385  0959 
Chitose  Kishi 
Students-  35 


2-921 


385  0959 


332 


DIRECTORIES 


Nippon  Kuteru  Kyodan  Shingaku- 
in 

c/o  Lutheran  Center 

16,  1-chome  Fujimi-cho,  Chiyo- 

da-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  261-5266/7 

Kosaku  Nao 

Students-  6 


',E     261-5266/7 


701-4667 


Nippon  Nazarene  Shingakko 

(Japan  Nazarene  Seminary) 
237  Tamagawa  Oyama-cho,  Se- 
tagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-4667 
Aishin  Kida 
Students—  5 


237 


Nippon  Rowa  Gakko 

457,     2-chome     Kamikitazawa, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  321-0540 
Isao  Oshima 
Students—  121 


2-457 


ill     321-0540 


Nippon  Saniku  Gakuin 

4162  Kamino,  Sodegaura-machi, 
Kimitsu-gun,  Chiba-ken 
Tel.  Sodegaura  18 
Toshio  Yamagata 
Students—  157 


Nippon  Seisho  Daigakuin 

(Japan  Bible  Seminary) 
152,    3-chome    Ogikubo,    Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391-5925 
Jun  Murai, 


-152 


Nippon    Seisho    Daigaku    Zenrin 
Iryo  Shingakuin 

53  Sakuragi-cho,  Senju,  Adachi- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Takeru  Arahara 
Students—  20 


391-5925 


53 


Nippon  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Japan  Bible  School) 
30  Ochiai,  Kurume-machi,  Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 
Tel.  Kurume  22 
Hideo  Uematsu 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


333 


30 


Nippon  Seishogaku  Kenkyujo 

(Japan  Bible  Institute) 
c/o    Sekine,     118     Sekine-cho, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Masao  Sekine 
Students  —20 


118, 


NfiJEtt 

£$£-20 


Nippon  Seisho  Shingakko 

(Japan  Biblical  Seminary) 
492,     1-chome,     Shimo    Ochiai, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  951-0055 
Gosaku  Okada 
Students—  80 


i  rn  492 


Nippon  Seisho  Shingakuin 

2209,    5-chome    Kemigawa-ma- 
chi,  Chiba-shi 
Eiichi  Hoshino 
Students—  15 


5-2209 


951-0055 


Nippon  Suijo  Gakko 

140       Yamate-cho, 
Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  20-9683 
Kazuo  Yagi 
PS  -65 


Naka-ku, 


no 


20-9683 


Nozomi  Gakuen 

6813  Tsujido,  Fujisawa-shi 
Tel.  Fujisawa  6-7020 
Chozo  Haruyama 
JHS-14,  PS-103 


(0466)  6-7020 


:—  14,  /JN'^—  103 
The  Nunn  Institute 

40    Hatago-cho,  Takamatsu-shi 
Tel.  3-7982 
Komori  Pauro 
Students—  135 
tf   5*  >   -f  >X7"-f  x  n—  h 


3-7982 


o 

Obirin  Gakuen 

2693  Yabe-machi,  Machida-shi 
Tel.  Machida  5820 


334 


DIRECTORIES 


Yasuzo  Shimizu 

JC-393,  SHS-955,  JHS—  201 


2693 


BTffl  5820 


Ochanomizu  Kirisutokyo  Ongaku- 
in 

1,  2-chome  Surugadai,    Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  201-4284 
Toshiaki  Okamoto 
Students—  112 


tS     201—4284 


Ooe  High  School 

2718  Minami  Takae-machi,  Ku- 

mamoto-shi 

Tel.  Kawajiri  326 

Yoshiyuki  Terasawa 

Students—  102 


326 


Ooi  Eigo  Gakuin 

(Ooi  English  School) 
217  Minami  Shinagawa,  Shina- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  461-9970 
Isamu  Kogure 


&     491—9970 

Oomi  Kyodaisha  Gakuen 

177,     Ichii-machi,     Oomihachi- 

man-shi,  Shiga-ken 

Tel.  Oomihachiman  3444/5 

Eizo  Miyamoto 

SHS— 68,     JHS— 138,     NSHS— 

100,  PS— 102 


177 
3444/5 


Oomi  Seisho  Juku 

Aza    Tsuchida,    Hachiman-cho, 
Omi-shi,  Shiga-ken 
Tel.  0271 
Seizo  Uchizumi 


271 


Orio  Joshi  Gakuen 

826  Oaza  Orio,  Yahata-ku,  Kita 

Kyushu-shi 

Tel.  Yahata  69-0061 

Takashi  Masuda 

SHS—  931,  JHS—  154 


ffi     /\m  69-0061 
& 

•>—  931,  iff:— 154 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


335 


Osaka  Jo  Gakuin 

200,     2-chome    Shinonome-cho, 

Higashi-ku,  Osaka-shi 

Tel.  761-4013 

Jiro  Nishimura 

SHS-1,867,  NSHS-206,  JHS- 

541 


2-200 


761-4013 


Osaka  Christian  College 

81,     1-chome     Maruyama-dori, 

Abeno-ku,  Osaka-shi 

Tel.  611-2097,  7988 

Kaneo  Oda 

JC—  301,  NJC—  147 


611-2097,  7988 


Osaka  Seisho  Shingakko 

26    Iguchido-machi,     Ikeda-shi, 

Osaka-fu 

Harry  Freesen 


26 


Osaka  Seisho  Gakuin 
(Osaka  Bible  Seminary) 

14,      6-chome      Nakamiya-cho,   i 

Asahi-ku,  Osaka-shi 

Tel.  951  5882 


Martin  B.  Clark 
Students—  8 


951-5882 


V  =7  - 


Oyu  Gakuen 

2463,  3-chome   Setagaya,   Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  422-1136/8 
Shizu  Ishikawa 
SHS—  778,  JHS-631 


3-2463 


422-1136/8 


Palmore  Gakuin 

(Palmore  Institute) 
8,      4-chome      Kitanagasa-dori, 
Ikuta-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  3-2961 
Bunroku  Takeda 
Students—  1457 


3-2961 

X^ 

—1457 


336 


DIRECTORIES 


Pool  Gakuin 

5844,  5-chome,  Katsuyama-dori, 

Ikuno-ku,  Osaka-shi 

Tel.  731-3190 

Toshio  Koike 

JC-202,  SHS-1358,    JHS-548 


5-5844 


731—3190 


548 


K 


Rakuno  Gakuen 

582  Nishi  Nopporo,  Ebetsu-shi, 

Hokkaido 

Tel.  Ebetsu  2541 

Torizo  Kurosawa 

College  -827,  JC—  220,  Nopporo 

Kino  SHS-354,  Sanai  GSHS— 

549 


2541 


Hisseikan  Gakuin 
215   Kitaguchi-machi,    Nishino- 
miya-shi 
Tel.  2  2302 
Akio  Hayashi 


2-2302 


Roin  Gakuen 

Midorigaoka,  Mitsui,  Hikari-shi, 
Yamaguchi-ken 
Tel.  1187/9 
Shinzo  Hosoda 


H87/9 


Ruteru  Eigo  Gakko 

(Lutheran  English  School) 
16,          1-chome        Fujimi-cho, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  331-5266/7 
Walter  Halms 


(331)  5266-7 


Ryujo  Women's  College 

54,  2-chome,  Akitsuki-cho,  Sho- 
wa-ku,  Nagoya-shi 
Tel.  Nagoya  84-2635 
Kiku  Bando 
JC—  46 


-54 


84-2635 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


337 


S 

Sapporo  Bunka  Gakuin 

Higashi     1-chome,     Kita 
Sapporo-shi 
Tel.  5  3703 
Otomatsu  Awatsu 
Students  -334 


1-jo, 


ill     5-3703 

mm^fc 

£^-334 

Sei  Barunaba  Josanpu  Gakuin 

66    Saikudani-cho,    Tennoji-ku, 

Osaka-shi 

Tel.  771-9236/9 

Hiromi  Yamamura 

Students—  43 


I^*ffi  i&BJ  66 
771-9236/9 


Seibi  Gakuen 

124  Maita-cho,  Minami-ku,  Yo- 

kohama-shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  73-1901/2 

Asa  Yumoto 

GSHS—  647,    GJHS—  699,    PS— 

476 


e  73-1901/2 
,  rfi^-699,  /Jx'^- 


Seibi  Girl's  Senior  High  School 

33  Shohoji-cho,  Gifu-shi 
Tel.  Gifu  4-5641 
Takashi  Katagiri 
SHS—  1,500 


BfJ  33 
4-5641 


Seibo  Gakuen 

292  Ooaza   Nakayama,    Hanno- 

shi 

Tel.  Hano  3080 

Hidehiko  Sawada 

SHS—  381,     JHS—  192,     Urawa 

JHS-11,  Urawa  PS—  104 


292 


tt     tiiffi  3080 


-11, 
Sei  lesu  Kai  Shudo  Gakuin 

(Holy  Jesus  Monastery  School) 
9  Nagao-cho,  Ukyo-ku,   Kyoto- 
shi 
Takeji  Otsuki 


Kita-ku, 


Sei  Gakuin 

257      Nakazato-cho, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  821-0522 

Jiro  Umino 

SHS—  951,  JHS—  269 


338 


DIRECTORIES 


821-0522 


ffi#—  951,  ff^—  269 
Seikatsu  Gakuen 

403  Katabirakoji,  Morioka-shi 
Tel.  Morioka  2-3315 
Yasuko  Hosokawa 
JC-60,  SHS-755 


h&  405 
2-3315 


Seikei  Shingakko 

(Covenant  Bible  School) 
990,      3-chome,      Nakameguro, 
Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  712-8746 
Melbourne  Metcalf 


'fg     712-8746 


Seikokai  Shingakuin 

(Central  Theological  College) 
8,   2-chome,   Tamagawa  Naka- 
machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-0575 
Goro  Hayashi 
Students  —19 


701-0575/6 


Seikyo  Gakuen 

210  Furuno-cho,   Kochinagano- 

shi 

Tel.  Kochinagano  2964 

Shinichi  Ueda 

JHS—  185 


2964 


—  185 


Secretary  School 

23    Udagawa-cho, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  461-1326 

Eiichi  Amano 

•fe?  i/*  u-  *?- 


Shibuya-ku, 


461-1326 


Seirei  Jun  Kango  Gakuen 

3453  Mikatahara,    Hamamatsu- 
shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
Tel.  Mikatahara  3,  48 
Susumu  Akaboshi 
Students— 23 


m  H^m  3,  48 


Seisho  Gakuen 

902  Wakamatsu-cho,  Chiba-shi 
Tel.  Yotsukaido  3 
M.  B.  Wynkoop 


CHRISTIAN  SCHCK)L 


339 


M.  B.   7  'f  v  7  -  y 

Seisho  Shingaku  Sha 

6-665,  Narimune,  Suginami-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  311  6346 

Junichi  Funaki 


311-6346 


Sei  Sutepano  Gakuen 

868  Oiso,  Oiso-machi,  Naka-gun, 

Kanagawa-ken 

Tel.   (0463)  6-1298 

Miki  Sawada 

JHS  -85,  PS  -411 


(0463)   6—1298 


4?3*:—  85,  /J^—  411 

Seiwa  Gakuin 

Saigi,  Zushi-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
Tel.  04693-2670,  2752 
Isao  Muto 


?S     04693-2670,  2752 

itt<il    X^J 

Sei  Tenshi  Gakuen 

Nagano  Kyokai  nai 
Nishi  Nagano,  Nagano-shi 
Yoshie  Iwata 


St.  Margaret's 
(Rikkyo  Jogakuuin) 

123,  3-chome,  Kugayama,  Sugi 

nami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  398-5101/4 

Kiyoshi  Ogawa 

SHS-853,  JHS—  618,  PS—  432 


3-123 


f?t    398-5101/4 

/MM  m 


St.  Michael 

920  Nikaido,  Kamakura-shi 
Tel.  Kamakura  2-2514 
Takaakira  Mitsui 
SHS—  509,  JHS—  55,  PS—  10 


2-2514 


Seinan  Gakuin 

Nishishin-machi,  Fukuoka-shi 
Tel.  Fukuoka  82-0031 
Takeo  Koga 

Univ.—  1,989,    JC-130,    SHS 
1,121,  JHS—  602 


',fi 


82  0031 


1,121,  iji'^-602 


340 


DIRECTORIES 


Seinan  Jogakuin 
491    Oaza    Nakai,    Kokura-ku, 
Kita  Kyushu-shi 
W.  M.  Garrott 
JC-799,  SHS-702,  JHS-694 


56-2631 


W.  M. 


Sei  Roka  Kango  Daigaku 

(St.  Luke's  College  of  Nursing) 
56  Akaishi-cho,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  541-5151 
Hirotoshi  Hashimoto 


',li     541  5151 


S.-isan  i  Eigo  Gakko 

(Holy  Trinity  English  School) 

10  Hoei  Naka-cho,  Fukui-shi 

Tel.  Fukui  2-3347 

Tadaichi  Sakamoto 


10 


IB    2-3347 


Seisoku  Gakuin 

24     Shiba     Koen,     Minato-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  431-0914,  0913 

Nobuichiro  Imaoka 


431-0914,  0913 


Seiwa  Girl's  Senior  High  School 

116,  Hongu-cho,  Kochi-shi 
Tel.  Kochi  2-7661,  1923 
Hisaichiro  Minami 
SHS—  320 


H6 
2-7661,  1923 


Seiwa  Women's  College 

1  Okadayama,   Nishinomiya-shi 
Tel.  Nishinomiya  5-0724 
Michiko  Yamakawa 
JC-249 


i       5-0724 


Shijonawate  Christian  Institute 

1201-13,   Okayama,   Shijonawa- 
te-cho,  Kitakawachi-gun,  Osaka 

^' 

-  h 


1201-13 
Shikoku  Gakuin 

4-953,      Kami      Yoshida-machi, 

Zentsuji-shi 

Tel.  Zentsuji  0424 

Tsuraki  Yano 

College—  206,  Jr.  College—  148 


CHRISTIAN  SCIKXM, 


341 


0424 


4 


Shikoku  Kirisutokyo  Cakuen 

(Shikoku  Christian  College) 
Ikuno,  Zentsuji-machi,  Kagawa- 
Ken 

Tel.  Zentsuji  424 
L.  W.  Moore 


•  li     $31$  424 
L.  W.    A-  7 

Shimizu  Girl's  School 

7  Ejiri  Sakuragi-cho,    Shimizu- 

shi 

Tel.  Shimizu  2  3942 

Kintaro  Ichige 

SHS-1,594,  JHS-173 


K  2-3942,  9852 

ffift- 1,594,  iji^-173 

Shinmei  Gakko 

20  Saiin-Yakake-cho,   Ukyo-ku, 
Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  84  5051 
Students  -55 


84-5051 


Shin.sci  Saiho  Juku 
Matsubara-shita,  Higashi-Naka- 
suji  Shimokyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  35  4080 
Students—  20 


35-4080 


Shirayuri  Katei  Cakko 

(Shirayuri  Home  School) 
1,265       Eyomi,       Asahi-machi, 
Kume-gun,  Okayama-ken 
Densuke  Suzuki 


1265 


Shizuoka  Kiwa  Jogakuin 

81    Nishi-Kusabuka-cho,   Shizu- 

oka-shi 

Tel.  Shizuoka  52  1417 

Takuo  Matsumoto 

SHS-886,  J IIS -749 


52-1417 


886, 


Shoe!  Junior  College 

36,   6-chome   Naka-Yamatedori, 
Ikuta-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  Kobe  4-2477,  2865 
Eizaburo  Yokota 
Jr.  College-187 


342 


DIRECTORIES 


4-2477,  2865 


Soen  Gakuen 

3-3576,  Mejiro-machi,  Toshima- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  971-4016 
Hatsue  Sato 
Students—  115 


-3576 
fg    951-4016 

£»$m 

£$£-115 

Shoin  Joshigakuin 

565,  3-chome,  Aotani-cho,  Nada- 

ku,  Kobe-shi 

Tel.  Kobe  22-5980 

Hinsuke  Yashiro 

JC-698,     SHS—  1,078,     JHS— 

1,047 


-565 


1,047 

Shokei  Jogakuin 

2  Nakajima-cho,  Sendai-shi 
Tel.  Sendai  23-3250/1 
JC-376,  SHS—  1,055,  JHS—  450 


22-5980 


2 

23-3250/1 


450 

Snshin  Jo  Gakko 
8-Nakamaru,  Kanagawa-ku,  Yo- 
kohama-shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  49-3686/7 
Isamu  Chiba 
SHS—  524,  JHS—  484,  PS—  240 


ffife  49-3686/7 


Shukukawa  Gakuin 

12    Kamizono-machi,    Nishino- 

miya-shi 

Tel.  2-4152,  6351 

Yoshio  Masutani 

SHS—  1,049,  JHS—  259 


12 

2-4152,  6351 


Tajima  Nomin  Fukuin  Gakko 

655  Hidaka-machi-shiba,   Kino- 
saki-gun,  Hyogo-ken 
Genzaburo  Yoshida 
Students— 17 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


343 


Tamagawa  Gakuen 

4,050    Kimachida,    Machida-shi, 

Tokyo 

Tel.   (0427)   32-8008 

Kuniyoshi  Obara 

C—  1,959,     SHS—  1,234,    JHS— 

561,  PS—  584 


IB     ftfe   (0427)   4-8008 


-561,  /J^-584 

Tamagawa  Hobo  Senmon  Gakuin 

2,921       Tamagawa-Nakamachi, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-3616 
Takeo  Nakajima 
Students  -50 


2  CD  21 


701-3616 


Tamagawa 

100,         3-chome, 

Okusawa-machi, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  701-4321 

Shigehisa  Taniguchi 


Tamagawa 
Setagaya-ku, 


It     701-4321 


Taura  Yosai  Gakuin 

2-81,   Taura-machi,    Yokosuka- 

shi 

Kirisutokyo  Shakaikan  nai 

Z.  Thomson 


Z.    h  A  y  y 

Tohoku  Gakuin 

1  Minami  Rokken-cho,  Sendai- 

shi 

Tel.  Sendai  23-0147 

Tadao  Oda 

Univ.—  4,142,  SHS—  1,354,  NSHS 

—332,  JHS—  982 


23-0147 


Tohoku  Seisho  Gakuin 

Aza-Shikouchi,  Tsutsumi,  Oaza, 
Sukagawa-shi,  Fukushima-ken 
Kiichi  Ando 


344 


DIRECTORIES 


Tohoku  Seisho  Gakko 

Kita-Atagomachi,  Araya-machi, 

Akita-shi 

Philip  E.  Werdel 

Students  —  4 


E.     7- 


Tokai  Ruteru  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Tokai  Lutheran  Bible  Institute) 
432  Furusho,  Shizuoka-shi 
Philip  O.  Hyland 
Students—  25 


Wlrf]  Mi  432 

Ml     2-5566 

7  4-  i;  y  y  O.   '^7  V  K 

£61-25 

Tokyo    Baptist     Fukuin     Senkyo 
Gakuin 

2  350,  Nishi-Ookubo,  Shinjuku- 

ku,  Tokyo 

c/o  Nippon  Baptist  Renmei 


2-350 


Tokyo  Kiseibyoin  Kango    Gakuin 

1-171,  Amanuma,  Suginami-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  391-5161 

E.  McCartney 

Students—  36 


391-5161 


E. 


Tokyo  Gakuen 

916,  6-chome,  Koiwa-cho,  Edo- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  Edogawa  0814 
Gen  Sekine 


fflT  6-916 


0814 


7C 


Tokyo  Hobo  Denshu  Jo 

101     Hara-machi,     Bunkyo-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  941-2613 

Kiku  Ishihara 


101 


941-2613 


Tokyo  Seisho  Gakko 

(Tokyo  Bible  School) 
208,     2-chome,    Hyakunin-cho, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  361-0165 
Tosaji  Obara 
Students— 25 


2-208 


'31     361-0165 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


345 


0423-9-3075 


Tokyo  Seisho  Gakuin 

(Tokyo  Bible  Seminary) 
1,477  Megurita,  Higashi  Mura- 
yama-shi,  Tokyo 
Tel.  0423-9-3075 
Akiji  Kurumada 
Students  —50 


1477 


Tokyo  Shingaku  Juku 

(Tokyo  Theological  School) 
3,    1-chome    Horinouchi,    Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Shin  Hasegawa 


—  3 


Tokyo  Typist  Gakuin 

(Tokyo  Typist  School) 
19,    1-chome    Kaji-cho,    Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  251  3773 
Minosuke  Shinoda 


251-3773 


Tokyo  Union    Theological    Semi 
nary 

707  Mure,  Mitaka-shi 
Tel.  Musashino  3-2594 
Hidenobu  Kuwata 
College-124,  PCS-  62 


3-2594 


Tokyo  Woman's  Christian  College 

124,    3-chome,    logi,    Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  399-1151 
Kenjiro  Kimura 
College—  1,414,  JC—  210 


-124 


Too  Gijuku 

2-Shirokane-cho,  Hirosaki-shi 
Tel.  Hirosaki  3830,  0702 
Ichiro  Kawasaki 
SHS-1,420,  JHS-230 


399-1151 


SAKf 

?B     UAW  3830,  0702 

IIIKi.OT 


Tosh  i  ma  Nomin   Fukuin  Koko 

Toshima,  Tonosho-machi,  Sho- 
do-gun,  Kagawa-ken 
Seiichi-Fujisaki 
Students—  50 


346 


DIRECTORIES 


Toshima  Rittai  Nogyo   Kenkynjo 

(Toshima  Agricultural  Institute) 
Toshima,  Tonosho-machi,  Sho- 
do-gun,  Kagawa-ken 
Seiichi  Fujisaki 
Students— 500 


Toyo  Eiwa  Jo  Gakuin 

8     Higashi       Toriizaka-machi, 

Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  481-5478 

Wataru  Nagano 

JC-305,   SHS-530,    JHS—  598, 

PS  -524 


481—5478 


598,  /J^-524 

Toyo  Seisho  Shingakuin 

1-3-5,    Nagata-machi,    Nagata- 
ku,  Kobe-shi 
Kaoru  Konmoto 
Students—  8 


1-3-5 


Juku  Daigaku 

(Tsuda  Women's  College) 
1,491  Tsuda-machi,  Kodaira-shi, 
Tokyo 
Tel.  (0423)  2-2441 


Taki  Fujita 
College  973, 


(0423)   2-2441 


1491 


Tsurukawa  Gakuin  Noson  Dendo 
Shin  Gakko 

2,024  Nozuta,  Machida-shi 
Tel.  0427-32-8755 
Takeshi  Muto 
Students—  59 


[HI  P3rfr£?^B  2,024 
f3     0427-32-8775 


Tsuyama    Kirisutokyo    Toshokan 
Koko 

96     Yamashita,     Tsuyama-shi, 

Okayama-ken 

Tel.  3518 

Keizo  Morimoto 

Students-450 


3518 


£^—450 


w 


Wesleyan  Mesojisuto  Shingakko 

(Wesleyan  Methodist  Seminary) 
261,     3-chome     Itabashi-machi, 
Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


347 


Tel.  961-1233 
R.S.  Nicholson 


3-216 
«    961-1233 
R.  S.   -  n  ^  V  v 
William's  Shingraku  Kan 

(Bishop     William's     Theological 
Seminary) 

c/o  Nihon  Seikokai  Kyoto  Kyo- 
ku,     Shimotateuri,    Karasuma- 
dori,  Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi 
Tel.  Nishi  44-2372 
Yuzuru  Mori 


44-2372 


Yakushima  Bible  Academy 

Awa    Yaku-cho,    Kumage-gun, 

Kagoshima-ken 

David  Bush 


Fukuin   Kitr«»  Gakko 
70,      3-chome      Kamitate-shoji, 
Yamaguchi.shi 
Tel.  Yamaguchi  1980 
Masao  Hiramatsu 


04  P  1980 


Yamanaahi  Eiwa  Gakuin 

112  Atago-cho,  Kofu-shi 
Tel.  Kofu  3-6184/5 
Motoo  Yamada 
SHS-555,  JHS—  503 


3-6184/5 
-555,  41^-503 


Yashiro  Gakuin 

333     Iguchitaira,     Tamon-cho. 
Tarumi-ku,  Kobe-shi 
Tel.  Tarumi  6452 
Hinsuke  Yashiro 
SHS—  199 


6452 


—199 


Yokohama  Bible  Institute 

3,412  Shimokawai-machi,  Hodo- 
gaya-ku,  Yokohama 
R.C.  Midgley 


3,412 


R.  c.  s  i>  y 


Yokohama  Hoiku  Senmon  Gakuin 

(Yokohama  Child  Welfare  Work- 
[*  er's  Training  School) 

221,     4-chome    Nakamura-cho, 

Yokohama-shi 

Ko  Hirano 

Students  --161 


348 


DIRECTORIES 


ffigr  64-3351 


-221 


Yokohama  Kyoritsu  Gakuen 

212  Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku,    Yo- 

kohama-shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  64-3785/7 

Katsuyo  Jinbo 

SHS-576,  JHS-642 


64-3785/7 


Yokosuka  Gakuin 

82  Inaoka-cho,  Yokosuka-shi 
Tel.  Yokosuka  2-3218/9 
Ganjo  Kosaka 

SHS--898,    NSHS-190,    JHS— 
417,  PS     315 


-  190,    rfi 


'^—417,  /J\e^:—  315 


Yokosuka  Bunka  Fukuso  Gakuin 

(Yokosuka  Bunka  Sewing  School) 
81,  2-chome  Taura,  Yokosuka- 
shi 

Tel.  Taura  450 
Michiko  Naito 


-81 


450 


Yokosuka  Shakaikan  Eigo  Gakko 

(Yokosuka     Shakaikan      English 
Night  School) 

81,  2-chome  Taura,  Yokosuka 
Tel.   (0468)   6-3450 
E.  W.  Thompson 


^   (0468)   6-3450 
E.  W.    h  V  7°  V  y 

YMCA      Yokohama      Gaikokugo 
Gakko 

c/o  Yokohama  YMCA 
Tokiwa-cho,     Naka-ku,     Yoko- 
hama-shi 

Tel.   (045)   68-4263 
Toshio  Suekane 
Students—  2,030 
YMCA 


ffijfi  YMCA  ft 

qj     (045)   68-4263 


£$£—  2,030 

YMCA  Yokohama  Nihongo  Gakko 

c/o  Yokohama  YMCA 
Tokiwa-cho,     Naka-ku,     Yoko- 
hama-shi 
Hisato  Niwa 
Students—  45 

YMCA 


fe  YMCA  ft 
(045)  68-4263 


CHRISTIAN  SCHOOL 


349 


Yuai  Gakuen  Eigo  Gakko 

Seiseikan,     2-2,     Aza-Ootsuka, 
Oube,  Kawanishi-shi 
Tel.  5-2993,  2236 
Keisei  Miyake 


5-2993,  2236 


HEADQUARTERS  OF  OTHER  RELIGIOUS 
AND  SOCIAL  ORGANIZATIONS 


The  Association  of  Christian  Pub 
lications  and  Sales 

(Nippon      Kirisutokyo      Shuppan 
Hanbai  Kyokai) 

c/o  Shinkyo   Shuppan    Sha,    1, 
3-chome,     Shin     Otfawa-machi, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  266  6148 
Chairman  :    Mr.  Norie  Akiyama 


Council  of  Christian    Evangelism 
for  the  Blind  in  Japan,  N.  C.  C. 

(Nippon  Mojin  Kirisutokyo  Dendo 
Kyogikai) 

c/o    NCC,    2,    4-chome,     Ginza, 
Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  561   5003 

Chairman  :  Rev.  Kozo  Kashiwai 
Sec.  :     Rev.  T.  Imagoma 


402,  NCC 


Council  of  Cooperation 

(Naigai  Kyoryoku  Kai) 
2,     4-chome,    Ginza,     Chuo-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  561  0931 

Chairman  :  Rev.  Isamu  Omura 
Sec.  :  Rev.  Masaharu  Tadokoro 
Miss  Marjorie  Tunbridge 


561-0931 


Education    Association    of   Chris 
tian  Schools 

(Kirisutokyo  Kyoiku  Domei) 
2,     4-chome,     Ginza,    Chuo-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  561-7643 

Chairman  :     Mr.  Kinjiro  Oki 
Sec.  :     Rev.  Yoshimune  Abe 


561-7643 


Evangelical    Missionary    Associa 
tion  of  Japan 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Senkyoshi  Dan) 
104,      1-chome,      Akebono-cho 
Tachikawa-shi,  Tokyo 
Tel.  04252-4224 
Chairman  :          Rev.         Arthur 
Reynolds 


1  <D  104 


04252-4224 
'^     T  —  -9-  — 


Evangelical  Publishers  &    Distri 
buters  Fellowship 

(Fukuin  Shuppan  Kyoryoku  Kai) 
c/o  Christian  Literature  Crusa.de, 


HEADQUARTERS  OF  OTHER  RELIGIOUS 


351 


2,      1-3,      Surugadai, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  291-1775 


Kanda, 


co  3    9  y  * 

',&     291   1775 


Friends  of  Jesus  Society 

(lesu  no  Tomo  no  Kai) 
859,     3-chome,    Kamikitazawa, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  321-2855 

Chairman  :     Mrs.  Toyohiko  Ka- 
gawa  (Haru) 


HCtf  IPtttESK-h-lfciR  3  <D  859 

fa    321-2855 
&i£     glll-^ 

International   Gideon  Association 
in  Japan 

(Nippon  Kokusai  Gideon  Kyokai) 
c/o  Toko  Building,  12,  Tomoe- 
cho,  Nishikubo,  Shiba,  Minato- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  581-7878 
Chairman  :    Mr.  Takeo  Igarashi 


12 


International     Institute    for    the 
Study  of  Religions 

(Kokusai  Shukyo  Kenkyujo) 
c/o  National    YMCA   Building, 
2-1,  Nishi   Kanda,    Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo 


581-7878 


Tel.  291-4231 

Dir.  :    Rev.  William  P.  Woodard 


^     291-4231 
W.P.   *  yX-  K 

Inter-Varsity     Christian     Fellow 
ship 

(Kirisutosha  Gakusei  Kai) 
3-1,  2-chome,  Surugadai,  Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  201-9081 
Sec.  :     Mr.  Hisashi  Ariga 


15     201-9081 

t-llf     f/W     ?/> 

Japan  Bible  Christian  Council 

(Nippon  Seisho  Kirisutokyo  Kyo- 
gikai) 

273,  Horinouchi,  1-chome,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  311-5510 

Chairman  :        Rev.      Raymond 
Creer 


1  V  273 
fll    311-5510 

^a^    ix>f  -tv  K-^  «;  -T 

Japan  Bible  Society 

(Nippon  Seisho  Kyokai) 
2,    4-chome,     Ginza,    Chuo-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  561-1081,  5806 
Chairman  :     Rev.  Shiro  Murata 
Sec.  :  Rev.  Tsunetaro  Miyakoda 


352 


DIRECTORIES 


561-1081,  5806 


Japan  Christian  Academy 

(Nippon  Christian  Academy) 
2370,  1-chome,    Araijuku,    Ota- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.     771-4341 

Chairman  :  Mr.  Morizo  Ishidate 
Sec.  :     Mr.  Kakuzo  Sasaki 


2370 


Japan  Christian  Cultural  Society 

(Nippon  Kirisutokyo  Bunka  Kyo- 
kai) 

2,    4-chome,     Ginza,    Chuo-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  561-8446 

Chairman  :    Rev.  Takeshi  Muto 
Sec.  :     Mr.  Michio  Tateoka 


',G     561-8446 


The  Japan  Christian  Medical 
Association 

(Nippon  Kirisutosha  Ika  Renmei) 
c/o  National  YMCA  Building, 
21,  Nishi  Kanda,  Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  201-4659,  291-5201/4 
Chairman:      Dr.    Ren    Miyake 
M.D. 


l  ©  2 
YMCA  f^M^mft 
'd     201-4659,  291-5201/4 


Japan     Council     of     Evangelical 
Missions 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Senkyo-shi  Ren 
mei) 

1362-2,    Tonowa,    Kujiranami- 
cho,    Kashiwazaki-shi,    Niigata- 
ken 
Sec.  :     Rev.  L.  R.  Spaulding 


g^M    L.  R.  **°-^7^v^ 

Japan  Gospel  Federation 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Renmei) 
13,  1-chome,    Nishi-Hacchobori, 
Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  561-8816 

Chairman:     Rev.  Hiroshi  Kita- 
gawa 


rn  13 


Japan  Keswik  Convention 

(Nippon  Keswik  Convention) 
Room     42,     Student    Christian 
Center,      1,     2-chome,     Kanda, 
Surugadai,  Chiyodaku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  291-1910 

Executive  Sec.  :    Rev.  Masanao 
Fujita 


561-8816 


IIIMXM    \inr.KS  01     Oil  II.   Kl  LIGIO1   S 


353 


X  •> 


:/  •>  3  v 


££ff  ffc^ffi  42  tf  ^ 
291-1910 

MOT 


Japan  Protestant  Conference 

(Nippon  Protestant  Seisho  Domei) 

1,  2-chome,    Kanda    Surugadai, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  291-4304 

Chairman  :         Rev.        Takaoki 

Tokiwa 
B  £  y  P  r  x  *  v 


;g     291-4304 


The  Japan    Society    of    Christian 
Studies 

(Nippon  Kirisutokyo  Gakkai) 
c/o    The    Dept.    of   Theology, 
Kanto  Gakuin  Univ.,  Mutsuura, 
Kanazawa-ku,  Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  045-70-8281 
Chairman  :     Mr.  Ken  Ishiwara, 
D.  Lit. 

Executive    Sec.  :       Rev.     Kano 
Yamamoto 

B 


045-708281 


Japan    Union    of    Christian    En 
deavor 

(Nippon  Rengo  Kirisutokyo  Kyo- 
reikai) 
Niishima    Kaikan,     Teramachi- 


dori,  Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto 

Tel.  23-5403 

Chairman  :       Rev.     Yoshimune 

Abe 


-,ii     23-5403 


National     Christian     Council     of 

Japan   (NCC) 
(Nihon  Kirisutokyo  Kyogikai) 

2,     4-chome,     Ginza,    Chuo-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  561-5003,  5571 

Chairman  :     Rev.  Chitose  Kishi 

General     Sec.:        Rev.    Chuzo 

Yamada 


',12     561-5003,  5571 


National  YMCA  of  Japan 

(Nippon  Kirisutokyo    Seinen  Kai 
Domei) 

21,  Nishi   Kanda,    Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  291  5201/4 

Chairman  :        Mr.        Tokutaro 
Kitamura 
General  Sec.  :     Arata  Ikeda 


1  O  2 


291-5201/4 


354 


DIRECTORIES 


National  YWCA  of  Japan 

(Nippon  Kirisutokyo  Joshi  Seinen 
Kai) 

15,  4-chome,   Kudan,    Chiyoda- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  261-7176 

Chairman  :       Miss          Teruko 
Komyo 
General  Sec.  :    Miss  Mari  Imai 


261-7176 


The  Society  of    Historical    Study 
of  Christianity 

(Kirisutokyo  Shigaku  Kai) 
c/o  Kanto  Gakuin,    4,    Miharu- 
dai,  Minami-ku,    Yokohama-shi 
Tel.  045-23-0305 


Chairman  : 
Nonomura 


Mr. 


Kaizo 


045-23-0305 


Student  Christian  Fellowship 

(Gakusei  Kirisutokyo  Yuai  Kai) 
30  Shinano-machi,  Shinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo 

Tel.  351-2432 

Chairman  :  Rev.  Isamu  Omura 
Secretaries  :  Rev.  Eisaku  Hara, 
Rev.  David  Swain 


PROTESTANT  SOCIAL  WORK 
1  ADMINISTRATIVE  ORGANIZATION 


Key 
Name 
Address 
Telephone 
Name  of  Director 

American  Friends  Hoshi  Dan 

28  Fujimi-cho,  Azabu,  Minato- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  473  0903 


Tel.  473-0903 


no 


Betesuda    Hoshijo   Haha 

lye 

526    Oizumi     Gakuen     machi, 

Nerima-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  996-0802 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Fumio  Fukatsu 


526 


lyeHU  Dan 

3,  5-chome  Azuma-dori,  Fukiai 

ku,  Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  22-3627 

Chmn.  :  Mrs.  Haru  Kagawa 


Tel.  996-0802 


. 


•', 
• 
. 

.7 


Tel.  22-3627 


5-3 


Jiai  En 

320  Kuwamizu-cho,  Kumamoto 

Shi 

Tel.  4-3509 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Soichiro  Shioya 


32° 


Kirisutokyo  Hoiku  Kyokai 

c/o  Tsubomi  Hoiku  En 

1405,     3-chome     Koiwa-machi, 

Edogawa-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  651  2680 

Chmn.  :  Mr.  Naotaka  Araki 


3-1405 


Tel.  4-3509 


Tel.  651  2680 


356 


DIRECTORIES 


Kirisutokyo  Hoiku  Renmei 

3576,    3-chome     Mejiro-machi, 

Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  971  9163 

Chmn. :  Miss  Hatsue  Sato 


3  3576 


Kirisutokyo  Hoikujo  Domei 

c/o  Christian  Center 

2,  4-chome,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  561-6131 

Chmn.  :  Rev.  Yoriichi  Manabe 


Tel.  971  9163 


4-2 

9  V  *  -7-  -v  V  -fc  V  *  - 
Tel.  561-6131 


Tel.  461-0497,  1292 


Kirisutokyo  Jido  Fukushi  Kai 

60,  Sakuragaoka-cho,  Shibuya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  461-0497,  1292 

Chmn.  :  Rev.  Yoriichi  Manabe 


60 


Kirisutokyo  Shakai  Jigyo 
Domei 

c/o  Naigai  Kyoryoku  Kai 

2,    4-chome     Ginza,     Chuo-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  561-0931 

Sec.  :  Rev.  Masaharu  Tadokoro 


Tel.  561-0931 


4-2 


Nippon  Friends  Hoshi  Dan 

14,      1-chome      Mitadai-machi, 
Shiba,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  451-0804 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Hiroshi  Ukaji 


1-14 


Tel.  451-0804 


Nippon  Kirisutokyo  Hoshi 
Dan 

(Japan  Church  World  Service) 

2,    4-chome    Ginza,     Chuo-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  561-5257,  4774,  7560 

Chmn.  :  Rev.  Yoriichi  Manabe 

Sec.  Rev.  Kentaro  Buma 


Tel.  561-5257,  4774,  7560 


Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan 
Deaconess  Kyokai 

c/o  Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan 

2,     4-chome     Ginza,     Chuo-ku 

Tokyo 

Tel.  561-6131 

Chmn.  :  Rev.  Michio  Kozaki 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


357 


Tel.  561-6131 


4-2 


Nippon  Kyurai  Kyokai 

6,  1-chome  Nishiki-cho,  Kanda, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  291  5565 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yasutaro  Goto 


Tel.  291-5565 


Nippon  Kyuseiffun  Shakai  Bu 

17,  1-chome  Jinbo-cho,   Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  261-7311/3 
Dir.  :  Commissioner  Charles 
Davidson 


1-17 


Tel.  261-7311/3 

•*•  *  /u  x  •  r  •/  *  -/  K  y 


Nippon  Ruteru   Kyodan  Sha 
kai   I'ukushi   Bu 
16,  1-chome  Fujimi-cho,  Chiyo 
da-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  261-5266 
Dir.  :  Mrs.  Shun  Shimada 


Tel.  401-2314 


Nippon  Seikokai  Shakai 
Jigyo  Renmei 

c/o  Nippon  Seikokai  Kyomuin 

23   Tokiwamatsu-cho,  Shibuya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  401-2314 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Shinji  Takeda 


23 


Seikokai  Hoiku  Renmei 

c/o  Nagoya  Matai  Daiseido 

53,  2-chome   Akizuki-cho,   Sho- 

wa-ku,  Nagoya  Shi 

Tel.  84-5779 

Chmn.  :  Rev.  Seishiro  Aizawa 


2-53 


Unchu  Sha 

859,     3-chome      Kamikitazawa, 

Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  321-2855 

Dir.:  Mrs.  llaru  Kagawa 


3-859 


Tel.  84-5779 


Tel.  321-2855 


Tel.  261  5266 


2  JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 
LEAGUE  INSTITUTIONS 


(Kirisutokyo  Shakai  Jigyo  Domei) 


Key 
Name 
Address 
Telephone 
Name  of  Director 
Nature  of  Work 

Ai  no  I/umi 

1364    Oaza    Raiha,    Kazo    Shi, 
Saitama  Ken 
Tel.  Kazo  341 
Dir. :  Miss  G.  Kuecklich 
Nursery,  Orphanage, 
Old  People's  Home 


1364 


Tel. 

G. 


0341 


Ai  no  Tomo  Kyokai 

11,   7-chome,   Otowa-cho,   Bun- 

kyo-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  941-0260 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Shigeyo  Hasegawa 

Crippled  people,  Vocational  aid 


7-11 


Tel.  941-0260 


* 


@  0^j 

Bethesda  Home 

2133      Kaneda,      Chosei-mura, 

Chosei-gun,  Chiba  Ken 

Tel.  Chosei  0062 

Dir. :  Mrs.  Shigeyo  Hasegawa 

Crippled  people 

Tel.  -g^  0062 


Aikei  Gakuen 

1035,       1-chome,      Motogi-cho, 

Adachi-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  886-2815 

Dir. :  Miss  M.  G.  Simons 

Neighborhood  Center 

^iB^FftffilE^Br  1-1035 

Tel.  886-2815 
M.  G.  -^  -f  -t  v  X 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


Tel.  872-4547 


Airin  Dan 

106    Shimo-Negishi,     Daito-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  872-4547 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Hideo  Fuse 

Neighborhood,  Nursery 


106 


Airin  Kai 

867,      8-chome,      Kamimeguro, 

Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  461-3475 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shigeru  Sato 

Nursing  and  Old  age  Home 

Dispensary  with  Hostel 

Nursery,  Clinic,  Orphanage 

8-867 


Tel.  461-3475 


Aisen  Kai 

Mikamo-cho,  Miyoshi-gun, 

Tokushima  Ken 

Tel.  Kamo  0034 

Dir. :  Mr.  Chikao  Katayama 

Orphanage 


Tel. 

froj 
mm 


0034 


Kamo  Hakuai  En 

Mikamo-cho,  Miyoshi-gun,  To 
kushima  Ken 
Tel.  Kamo  0034 
Dir. :  Mr.  Chikao  Katayama 
Physically  Handicapped 


0036 


Aiko  Kai 

Miyadani,  Koge-cho,  Yazu-gun, 

Tottori  Ken 

Tel.  Koge  0075 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Shohei  Kamaya 

Widow's  Home,  Nursery 


PJ_h    Tel. 


Tel.  |$#  0075 


Akashi  Airo  En 

2914,        3-chome,       Uenomaru, 
Akashi  Shi,  Hyogo  Ken 
Tel.  Akashi  3910 
Dir.  :  Rev.  Bunichiro  Yada 
Old  People's  Home 


3-2914 


Tel. 


3910 


Akita  Fujin  Home 

2  of    41,   Furukawa-Shinmachi, 

Taruyama,  Akita  Shi 

Tel.  Akita  2  3512 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Kai  Hayakawa 

Nursery,  Widow's  Home 


360 


DIRECTORIES 


„    41-2 

Tel.  Ml  2-3512 

cm  /» 

Baiko  Kai 

25     Kami-takajo-machi,    Kana- 

zawa  Shi 

Tel.  Kanazawa  3-3984 

Dir. :  Mr.  Kanae  Oda 

Nursery,  Children's  welfare 


J  25 
3-3984 


Moro-juku  Hoikuen 

3750    Moro-machi,   Itabashi-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  961-7525 

Dir.  ;  Rev.  Fumio  Fukatsu 

Nursery 

matP^iiiK^sffli  3750 

Tel.  961-7525 


Tel. 

mm® 


Bethesda  Hoshibo  no  le 

526  Oizumi   Gakuen-cho,   Neri- 

ma-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  996-0802 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Fumio  Fukatsu 

Training,  Nursery 


526 


Tel.  996  0802 


Izumi  Ryo 

Same  as  above 
Work  for  Prostitutes 


Bott  Memorial  Home 

21,  2-chome,   Tamagawa-Naka- 
machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-3676 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshiaki  Otani 
Orphanage,  Nursery  School 


2-21 


Tamagawa  Hobo  Senmon  Gaku- 
in 

same  as  above 

Training    school     for    nursery 

teachers 


Tel.  701-3676 


Eiko  En 

Midorigaoka,  Shoen,  Beppu  Shi, 
Tel.  Beppu  2227 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Kofuku  Kogo 
Orphanage,  Baby  Care 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \X  ORK 


361 


Tel.  yijfft  2227 

frwrn 

mm, 


Futaba  Hoiku  En 

4  of    4,  Shinjuku,  Shinjuku-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  341-1205 

Dir.  :  Miss  Yuki  Tokunaga 

Orphanage,    Nursery,    Widow's 

Home,  Baby  Care 


4-4 


Tel.  341-1205 


Minami  Moto  Bun  En 

4   Minami-moto-cho,   Shinjuku- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  351-3819 

Dir.  :  Miss  Yuki  Tokunaga 

Nursery,  Widow's  Home,   Baby 

Care 


Tel.  351  3819 


Ochiai  Bun  En 


667    of   2,    Kami-Ochiai, 

juku-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  361  7274  (Yobidashi) 

Dir.  :  Miss  Yuki  Tokunaga 

Orphanage 


Shin 


Tel.  361-7274 


2-667 


-; 

Kami-Ishiwara  Bun  En 

25    Kami-ishiwara,    Chofu    Shi, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  0424-82-2587 

Dir.  :  Miss  Yuki  Tokunaga 

Youth  Dormitory 


25 


Futaba  Kai 

145  Okata-cho,  Anan  Shi,  Toku- 

shima  Ken 

Tel.  Anan  0548 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shigeru  Satsuma 

Orphanage 


Tel.  0424-82-2587 


145 
Tel.  piJifj  0548 

mmm 

Fuyo  Kai 

Komatsudaira,    Yoshiwara   Shi, 

Shizuoka  Ken 

Tel.  Yoshiwara  0402 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shunichi  Tomaki 

Orphanage,  Baby  Care 


362 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  Tfflgl  0402 


Hakuho  Kai 

133  Heiraku,  Minami-ku,  Yoko 
hama  Shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  64-3351 
Dir.  :  Miss  Tsune  Hirano 
Nursery,    Orphanage,    Medical 
Clinic,  Child  Council 


133 


Tel.  ffifc  64-3351 


Hakujuji  Kai 

5811  Kowada,  Chigasaki  Shi 
Tel.  Fujisawa  6-8044 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Seiichi  Takahashi 
Physically  Weak  Children 


Tel.  jfJ2R  6-8044 


Hiroshima    Christian    Social 
Center 

1438,         Minami-misasa-machi, 

Hiroshima  Shi 

Tel.  Hiroshima  3-6954 

Dir.  :  Mr.  L.  H.  Thompson 

Neighborhood,    Nursery,    Chil 

dren's  Welfare 


Tel. 
L.  H. 


1438 
3-6954 
b  v  7°  V  V 


Tel. 


Hozana  En 

1270  Bessho,  Urawa  Shi 

Tel.  Urawa  4210 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Hideo  Yokoyama 

Orphanage 


1270 
4210 


lesu  Dan 

3  of  5,  Azuma-dori,  Fukiai-ku, 

Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  Kobe  22-3627 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Masaru  Takeuchi 

Nursery,  Baby  Care,  Neighbor 

hood 
•f  **@| 

WFTtiK^K^SM  0   5-3 
Tel.  ^p  22-3627 


Kagawa  Kinen  Kan 

Same  as  above 


Toyoshima  Shin  Ai  Kan 

Toyoshima,  Shozu-gun,  Kagawa 

Ken 

Dir.  ;  Mr.  Masaru  Takeuchi 

Baby  Care 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


363 


43-1 


Tel. 


64-3751/2 


Ishii  Kinen  Aisen  En 

41    Kita-Nitto-cho,   Naniwa-ku, 

Osaka 

Tel.  Osaka  64-3751 

Dir. :  Mr.  Shigeyoshi  Takatsu 

Medical,  Neighborhood 


41 


Izumi  Kai 

6  of  139,  Okura-cho,  Setagaya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  416-2407 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Kazue  Hayama 

Crippled,  Living  Aid 

fc£ 

139-6 


Tel.  416-2407 


Jomo  Airin  Sha 

149  Iwagami-cho,  Maebashi  Shi 
Tel.  Maebashi  2  2241 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Chukichi  Aigawa 
Nursery,   Orphanage,    Widow's 

Home 


149 

Tel.  mm  2-2241 


Maebashi  Boshi  Ryo 

Address  is  the  same  as  above 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Akira  Nakatsuka 
Widow's  Home 


Juji  no  Sono 

11  of  7220,   Nakagawa,    Hosoe- 
cho,  Insa-gun,  Shizuoka  Ken 
Tel.  Sanbobara  0145 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Seiji  Suzuki 
Old  People's  Home 


Tel.  H 


0145 


Kamakura  Hoiku  En 

607  Omachi,  Kamakura  Shi 
Tel.  Kamakura  2-0424 
Dir.:  Mr.  Noboru  Satake 
Orphanage 


r  607 
2-0424 


Tel. 


364 


DIRECTORIES 


A  vase  Home 

Terao,     Ayase-cho,     Koza-gun, 

Kanagawa  Ken 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Noboru  Satake 

Nursing  Care 

Hit*  -A 

2370 


Kamakura  Seiyo  Kan 

543  Gokurakuji,  Kamakura  Shi 
Tel.  Kamakura  2-3245 
Dir.  :  Rev.  Mikizo  Matsuo 
Old  Age  Home 


^  543 
Tel.  |f  .H  2-3245 


Keiai  Ryo 

1551,     Fukuda,     Yamato    Shi, 
Kanagawa  Ken 
Tel.  Chogo  0338 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Naoya  Sakai 
Old  Age  Home 
$gg 

1551 


Tel. 


0338 


Keisen  Ryo 

8  Oreyama,  Kobubashi,    Yama- 
da-cho,  Hyogo-ku,  Kobe  Shi 
Tel.  Kobe  0256 
Dir.:  Mr.  Soji  Saito 
Orphanage 


Tel. 


0256 


Kinugasa  Hospital 

222  Koyabe-cho,  Yokosuka  Shi 
Tel.  Yokosuka  5-1182,  1183 
Dir. :  Mr.  Toshihiko  Miyachi 
Medical 


Tel. 

"Bti 

mm 


222 

5-1182/3 


Kobe  Fujin  Dojo  Kai 

4,  2-chome,   Aotani-cho,   Nada- 

ku,  Kobe 

Tel.  Kobe  86-5357 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Kazuo  Jo 

Nursery,    Orphanage,    Widow's 

Home 


2-4 


Tel. 


86-5375 

mm 

Sonoda  Ryo 

28  Ko-nakajima,  Amagasaki  Shi 
Tel.  Amagasaki  0648-5953 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Kazuo  Jo 
Orphanage,  Widow's  Home, 
Nursery 


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364  D 


•r 

^Tp 


What's  in  a  furoshiki? 


A  furoshiki  (pronounced  foo-rosh  ki)  is 
the  traditional  Japanese  carry-all.  It's 
likely  to  hold  just  about  anything.  Now, 
if  you're  interested  in  knowing  what  that 
"anything"  might  be  and  why  it  was  put 
there,  you'd  better  talk  to  the  people  who 
conduct  the  most  extensive  and  intensive 
motivational  research  in  Japan. 

These  people  wortc  at  Dentsu,  by  far 
the  largest  advertising  agency  in  Japan 
and  fifth  largest  in  the  world.  The  Dentsu 
findings  are  based  on  consumer  panel 
studies,  marketing  surveys,  media  ana 
lysis,  and  all  sorts  of  pertinent  advertis- 
Jng  statistics.  In  short,  Dentsu's  research 


department  does  everything  possible  to 
find  out  as  much  as  possible  about  the 
consumer's  buying  habits. 

Then  and  only  then  can  you  expect  to 
devise  the  kind  of  marketing  strategy  you 
must  have  if  you're  going  to  sell  in  a 
market  that's  quite  unlike  any  other 
market  in  the  world. 

So  if  one  day  you  expect  to  find  your 
product  in  a  furoshiki,  a  few  words  to 
the  wise  from  Dentsu  can  get  the  busi 
ness  wrapped  up  quicker.  Address 
inquiries  to:  Haruo  Yoneda,  Director, 
International  Advertising  Dept.,  Dentsu 
Advertising  Ltd.,  Nishi-Ginza,  Tokyo. 


Dentsu/Japan 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


365 


HfflSF 


ift  28 
Tel.  /£*&  0648-5953 


Tel.  ^R  4-5897 


Kobe  Shinsei  Juku 

883  of  7,  Nakayamate-dori,  Iku- 

ta-ku,  Kobe 

Tel.  Kobe  4-5897 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Aiko  Mizutani 

Orphanage,  Baby  Nursery 


7-883 


Kobo  Kan 

30,      4-chome,      Terajima-cho, 

Sumida-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  611-1880 

Dir.  :  Miss  Kazuko  Nakamura 

Medical,    Neighborhood,     Nur 

sery,  Children's  Welfare 

mmm 

JKttftfiBg^finr  4-30 
Tel.  611-1880 


Kutsukake  Gakiuo 

Karuizawa-machi,     Kutsukake, 

Nagano  Ken 

Tel.  Karuizawa  2086 

Dir.:  Miss  Kazuko  Nakamura 

Orphanage 


Tel. 

w 
'i 


2086 


Koho  Kai 

3-3,  Asakusa  Tanaka-cho,  Dai- 

to-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  872-0058 

Dir. :  Mr.  Shozo  Endo 

Medical,  Baby  Nursery 


3-3 


Komochiyama  Gakuen 

Komochi-mura,  Gunma  Ken 
Tel.  Shibukawa  0096 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Eizo  Nakazawa 
Orphanage 


Tel.  872-0058 


Tel. 


0096 


' 


Kuniiiii  En 

1341  Mimuro,  Urawa  Shi 
Tel.  Urawa  2-3541 
Dir. :  Rev.  Fukumatsu  Kasai 
Feebleminded  Children 


366 


DIRECTORIES 


rififiiiifET^  1341 

Tel.  iififil  2-3541 


Mftf 

Kyoai-Kan 

95,  2-chome,  Nishi,  Azuma-cho, 

Sumida-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  612-4920 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Yoriichi  Manabe 

Nursery,  Neighborhood 

tt-gffi 
JKstlBSffllXSJIWriS  2-95 

Tel.  612-4920 


Maizuru  Futaba  Ryo 

5  of  7,  Momoyama-cho,  Maizuru 

Shi 

Tel.  Maizuru  Higashi  0122 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Jun  Senda 

Orphanage 

MMrffftOjUr  7-5 

Tel.  mm  0122 

fliifflflg 


Nagoya  Christian  Social 
Center 

17,       6-chome,        Miyoshi-cho, 
Minami-ku,  Nagoya  Shi 
Tel.  Nagoya  81-8971 
Dir. :  Mr.  Tadao  Kozaki 
Neighborhood 


Tel. 


81-8971 


Tel.  361-0934 


Nippon  Kirisutokyo  Fujin 
Kyofukai 

360,     3-chome,     Hyakunin-cho, 

Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  361-0934 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Ochimi  Kubushiro 

Home  for  prostitutes 


3-360 


Nippon  Suijo  Gakuen 

140     Yamate-machi,     Naka-ku, 

Yokohama  Shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  20-9683 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yuzuru  Uchiyama 

Orphanage 


140 


Tel.  ffife  20-9683 


mm 

Nyuji  Hogo  Kyokai 

133,      1-chome,      Mutsumi-cho, 
Minami-ku,  Yokohama  Shi 
Tel.  Yokohama  73-2686 
Dir.  :  Mrs.  Fuji  Kurokawa 
Health  of  mother  and  child 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \\ORK 


367 


1-133 

Tel.  ffife  73-2686 


Akebonocho  Sodanjo 

133,      1-chome,      Mutsumi-cho, 
Minami-ku,  Yokohama 
Tel.  Yokohama  73-2686 
Dir.  :  Mrs.  Fuji  Kurokawa 
Health  of  mother  and  child 


-133 


Tel.  ffitft  73-2686 


Mi 


Daini-Ooka  Sodanjo 

6,  3-chome,   Nakazato-cho, 
nami-ku,  Yokohama  Shi 
Tel.  Yokohama  73  1658 
Dir.  :  Mrs.  Fuji  Kurokawa 
Health  of  mother  and  child 


3-6 


Tel. 


73  1658 


Shirayuri  Shinryo  Sodansho 

1675   Nakada-cho,    Totsuka-ku, 
Yokohama  Shi 
Tel.  Yokohama  88-5412 
Dir.  :  Mrs.  Fuji  Kurokawa 
Health  of  mother  and  child 


Tel.  jfcfft  88-5412 


1675 


Shirayuri  Noen 

All  same  as  above  but  phone 
Tel.  Yokohama  88-3159 


Tel. 


88-3159 


Shirayuri  Boshi  Ryo 
All  same  as  above 


Shirayuri  Aiji  En 

All  same  as  above  but  phone 
Tel.  Yokohama  88-5413 
Nursery 


Tel.  Wife  88-5413 


Okayama  Hakuai  Kai 

37  Hanabatake,  Okayama  Shi 
Tel.  Okayama  2  7417,  3-1407 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshio  Sarai 
Medical,  Nursery 


37 


Tel.  fi^lll  2-7417,  3-1407 


368 


DIRECTORIES 


Okayama  Hakuai  Hospital 

All  same  as  above 


Okayama  Hakuai  Daini  Byoin 

50  Kadotayashiki,  Okayama  Shi 
Tel.  Okayama  3-8118 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshio  Sarai 
Medical,  Nursery 


Tel. 


50 
3-8118 


Okayama  Hakuai  Hoiku  En 

50  Hanabatake,  Okayama  Shi 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshio  Sarai 


BO 


Oncho  En 

206,  2-chome,  Yakuendai-machi, 
Funabashi  Shi,  Chiba  Ken 
Tel.  Narashino  7-  4020 
Dir. :  Mr.  Hajime  Ohama 
Nursery,  Orphanage 

Tel.  ®:,l;¥f  7-4020 


Dir.  :  Mr.  Hitoshi  Masuya 
Medical,  Neighborhood,  Nursery 


Tel. 


6-14 
562-1450 


Osaka  Christian   Social  Cen 
ter 

14,      6-chome,      Minamihiraki, 
Nishinari-ku,  Osaka  Shi 
Tel.  Osaka  562-1450 


Tel. 


Osaka  Gyomei  Kan 

7  Kasugadecho,  Naka  4-chome, 

Konohana-ku,  Osaka  Shi 

Tel.  Osaka  461-0327 

Dir. :  Mr.  Yoshiaki  Nakanishi 

Medical 


4-7 


461-0327,  6672 


Osaka  Suijo  Rinpo  Kan 

18    Yamazaki,    Shimamoto-cho, 
Mishima-gun,  Osaka  Fu 
Tel.  Kyoto  Yamazaki  0041 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Haruka  Nakamura 
Nursery,  Neighborhood,  Orpha 
nage 


0041 


Tel. 


mm, 

Saitama  Ikuji  In 

4904  Oaza  Kasahata,   Kawagoe 

Shi 

Tel.  Kawagoe  2-2107 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Yoshi  Katoda 

Orphanage 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


Tel. 


4904 
2-2107 


San  Iku  Kai 

19,  3-chome,  Taihei-cho,  Sumi- 

da-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  622-9191 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Noboru  Niwa 

Medical 

»ff£ 

3-19 


Tel.  622-9191 


Sanikukai  Hospital 

All  same  as  above 


Toyono  Hospital 

Toyono,  Toyono-machi,    Kami- 

Minochi-gun,  Nagano  Ken 

Tel.  Toyono  0064 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Noboru  Niwa 

Medical 


Tel. 


0064 


Tokai  Hospital 

Ikeshinden,  Hamaoka-cho, 

Ogasa-gun,  Shizuoka  Ken 
Tel.  Hamaoka  0128/9 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Noboru  Niwa 
Medical 


Tel.  ^I'til  0128/9 

Jun  Kanjfo  Gakuin 

6,     4-chome,     Yokokawabashi, 

Sumida-ku,  Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Noboru  Niwa 

Training 

m&^fc 

4-6 


< 

Sei  Ai  Home 

2356  Miyaji,  Yazaki,  Tsuyazaki- 

machi,  Munakata-gun,  Fukuoka 

Ken 

Tel.  Tsuyazaki  0039 

Dir.:  Mr.  Hiraku  Endo 

Old  age  Home 


2356 
Tel. 


0039 


Seirei  Hoyo  En 

3453   Sanbobara-machi,    Hama- 
matsu  Shi 

Tel.  Sanbobara  0003,  0048 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Tamotsu  Hasegawa 
Medical,  Welfare 


3453 
0003,  0048 


Tel.  H 


370 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel. 


731-6112 


Seiwa  Shakai  Kan 

18  Igainonaka  5-chome,  Ikuno- 

ku,  Osaka  Shi 

Tel.  Osaka  731-6112 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Mitsuo  Hamada 

Nursery,  Children's  Welfare 


5-18 


Sendai  Kirisutokyo  Ikuji  In 

12  Aza  Shinzutsumi,  Odawara, 
Haranomachi,  Sendai  Shi 
Tel.  Sendai  22  6303 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Takashi  Osaka 
Orphanage,  Babies 


Tel. 


22-6303 


Shi  mi/u  Nyuji  In 

1273,  3-chome,  Irie-cho,  Shimi- 

zu  Shi 

Tel.  Shimizu  2-5369 

Dir.  :  Miss  Aiko  Kojima 

Baby  Nursery 


3-1273 
c  2-5369 


Tel. 


Shin  Ai  Home 

676   Hongo,   Moroyama,   Moro- 

yama-cho,  Iruma-gun,   Saitama 

Ken 

Tel.  Moroyama  0040 

Dir. :  Mr.  Yoriyuki  Matsumoto 

Orphanage 


676 


Tel. 


0040 


Shion  Kai 

444  Aza  Hamaizumi,  Oaza  Yuno- 

hama,  Tsuruoka  Shi 

Tel.  Yunohama  0065 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Kiichiro  Igarashi 

Orphanage,  Old  age  Home 

mi^iti^^^-if^^^*-  444 
Tel.  ®Mfe  0065 


Yunohama  Shionkai  Rojin 
Home 

All  same  as  above. 
Old  age  Home 


Nanakubo  Shionkai  Jido  Home 

288,  1-chome,  Aza  Kubohata, 
Oaza  Shimokawa,  Oyama-cho, 
Nishitagawa-gun,  Yamagata 
Ken 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \\OKK 


37i 


Tel.  Yunohama  0222 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Kiichiro  Igarashi 
Orphanage 


1^288 


Shizuoka  Home 

183  Inomiya-cho,   Shizuoka  Shi 
Tel.  Shizuoka  52-1588 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Tetsu  Ishimaru 
Orphanage,  Nursery 


183 
52-1588 


Tel. 


Sunamachi  Yuai  En 

232,   5-chome,   Kita-Sunamachi, 

Koto-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  644-7332 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Hirozo  Inoue 

Nursery 


5-232 


Tamayodo  En 

Tamayodo,     Yorii-machi,    Sai 

tama  Ken 

Tel.  Yorii  0203 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shozo  Endo 

Babies  Home 


Tel.  644-7332 


Tel. 


0203 


?LM 


Tel. 


2-8236 


Tokushima  Fujin  Home 

32,    1-chome,    Kita    Dekishima- 
cho,  Tokushima  Shi 
Tel.  Tokushima  2-8236 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Takayoshi  Sato 
Orphanage,  Widow's  Home 


1-32 


Tokyo  Ikusei  En 

754,     1-chome,     Kamiuma-cho, 

Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  421-0041 

Dir.  :    Mr.    Masayoshi    Matsu- 

shima 
Orphanage 


1-754 


Tokyo  Katei  Gakko 

767,    3-chome,    Kami    Takaido, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391-0682,  392-3750 
Dir.  :  Rev.  Shintaro  Imai 
Orphanage,    Nursery 


Tel.  421-0041 


372 


DIRECTORIES 


3-767 
Tel.  391-0682,  392-3750 


., 

Hokkaido  Katei  Gakko 

Engaru-machi,     Ashibetsu-gun, 

Hokkaido 

Dir. :  Rev.  Shintaro  Imai 

Delinquent  Boys 


Tel. 


Tottori  Kodomo  Gakuen 

417,    5-chome,    Tachikawa-cho, 

Tottori  Shi 

Tel.  Tottori  2765 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Takeo  Fujino 

Orphanage 


5-417 
4206 


' 

Yodogawa  Zenrin  Kan 

33,  2-chome,  Honsho  Nakadori, 
Oyodo-ku,  Osaka  Shi 
Tel.  Osaka  371-0070,  0508 
Dir.:  Mr.  Hiroshi  Yanagihara 
Neighborhood 


'frl  2-33 
371-0070,  0508 


Tel.  A 
M&tt 
19  ft 


Yokohama  Katei  Gakuen 

114  Kamadai-machi,  Hodogaya- 

ku,  Yokohama  Shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  43-2884,  30-0795 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shiro  Arima 

Work  for  delinquents,   Dispen 

sary 

$^fU{£±SKlic?[DJ  114 
Tel.  ffife  43-2884 


mm, 

Wakaba  Dispensary 

108  Kamadai-machi,  Hodogaya- 
ku,  Yokohama  Shi 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Shiro  Arima 
Medical 


108 


mm 


Yokohama  Rikko  Sha 

106     Maruyama-cho,    Isogo-ku, 

Yokohama  Shi 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shiro  Arima 

Ex-convicts 


Yokohama  Kunmo  In 

181  Takenouchi,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama  Shi  , 

Tel.  Yokohama  64-3939 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Ikuta  Imamura 
The  Blind 


JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


373 


181 


Tel. 


64-3939 


Yokohama    Mission    Dispen 
sary 

100,     1-chome,     Minami     Ota- 

machi,    Minami-ku,    Yokohama 

Shi 

Tel.  Yokohama  3-4992 

Dir.  :  Rev.  E.  Lang 

Medical 


Tel.  Taura  3450 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Shiro  Abe 
Nursery,  Neighborhood, 
Widow's  Home 


1-100 


Tel. 

E.    7 


3-4992 


Yokosuka    Kirisutokyo   Sha- 
kaikan 

81,      2-chome,       Taura-machi, 
Yokosuka  Shi 


2-81 


Tel.   HlflU  3450 


Yu  Ai  Kan 

558,     1-chome,    Shiroyama-cho, 

Nagasaki  Shi 

Tel.  Nagasaki  4-1475 

Dir.  :  Mr.  E.  Shimer 

Medical,  Neighborhood,  Nursery 


j(H;  1-558 
4-1475 


Tel. 
E. 


3  NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL 
WORK  LEAGUE  INSTITUTIONS 

Key  a   _    m 

Name 
Address 
Telephone 

Name  of  Director  or  Representative 
Nature  of  Work  @ 


Agape  Sagyojo 

430,     2-chome,     Shimotakaido, 

Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  321-7541 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Kentaro  Buma 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


tfF'  2-430 


Tel.  321-7541 


Ai  no  le 

36    Naka-machi    Otsuka,    Bun- 
kyo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  941-4890 
Dir.  :  Maki  Suzuki 
Dormitory 


36 


Aisei  Ciakuen 

4  Uchikoshi-machi,  Nakano-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  378-0083 


Tel.  941-4892 


Rep. :  Yasu  Konno 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 

ajsic^H 

Tel.  378-0083 


Aiyu  Yoro  En 

4642  Higashi  Haramachi,    Mito 

Shi 

Tel.  2-6157 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shin  Yamaguchi 

Old  Age  Home 

7J<PTU^ir,Br  4642 
Tel.  2-6157 


Ajiro  Boshi  Ryo 

250      Ajiro,      Itsukaichi-machi, 
Nishi-Tama-gun,  Tokyo 
Tel.  Itsukaichi  121 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Iwao  Sakamoto 
Widow's  Home 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


375 


Tel.  a  Hilf  121 


Akitsu  Ryoiku  En 

1529    Minami    Akitsu,    Higashi 

Murayama  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  9  1377 

Rep.  :  Miss  Kumako  Kusano 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Crippled) 


Tel.  9-1377 


Aoba  Cakuen 

1    Aza   Shinbayashi,   Oaza   Do- 

bune,    Azuma-machi,    Shinobu- 

gun,  Fukushima  Ken 

Tel.  Sakura  22 

Dir.  :  Suna  Mio 

Orphanage 


it  A  22 


Arisu  Kan 

643  Maruo,  Myotani-cho,  Taru- 
mi-ku,  Kobe  Shi 
Rep.  :  Rt.  Rev.  Hinsuke  Yashiro 
Orphanage,  Old  Age  Home 


643 


.:•:,  - 


Asahi^aoka  Boshi  Ryo 

45   Higashi   Asahigaoka,   Chiba 

Shi 

Dir.  :  Fumiko  Tanabe 

Widow's  Home 


45 


Asahikawa  Fukuin  Sha 

24-chome,  5  Jo-dori,  Asahikawa 

Shi 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Saiji  Shichinohe 

Employment 


24  TI-I 


Asuiriro  Gakuen 
Hinokuchi-mae,  Imabari  Shi 
Tel.  4-9233 

Dir.:  Mr.  Takashi  Otsuka 
Orphanage 


Tel.  4  9233 
^ 

.. 


376 


DIRECTORIES 


Beppu  Heiwa  En 

3088-27,    Oaza    Beppu, 

Shi 

Tel.  2753 

Dir. :  Mr.  Masato  Kato 

Orphanage 


Beppu 


WlJffffcfc^BUJff  3088-27 
Tel.  2753 


mm 

Betania  Home 

12   Yanagihara-machi,  Sumida- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  631-0444 

Dir.  :  Rev.  William  Billow 

Widow's  Home 


12 


Chiba  Betania  Home 

1,    1-chome,  Konodai,  Ichikawa 

Shi 

Tel.  2-6055 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Etsuo  Tomoda 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


1-1 


Tel.  631-0444 

->  ^  D  r  A  t* 


Tel.  2-6055 


Chigasaki  Gakuen 

5777    Kowada,    Chigasaki    Shi, 
Kanagawa  Ken 


Tel.  6-6240 


Tel.  6-6240 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Shizue  Yoshimi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


5777 


Children's  Gospel  Home 

855,    3-chome,     Kamikitazawa- 
cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  321-6521 
Dir.  :  Kin  Horiuchi 
Orphanage 
V  l/  y  X 


3-855 


Children's  Home 

439-2,      Hitaida,      Naka-machi, 
Naka-gun,  Ibaragi  Ken 
Tel.  Sugaya  1026 
Rep.  :  Mr.  Michio  Suzuki 
Orphanage 

^  /u  K  i/  v  X  •  *  -  A 
^^^^MiP^fpJIBT^ffl  2-439 
Tel.  -g'&  1026 


Tel.  321-6521 


Chi  no  Shio  Kai 

423  Mure,  Mitaka  Shi,  Tokyo 
Dir.  :  Keiko  Kawagaki 
Medical,  Sanatorium 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK  377 


423 


Christian  Service  Center 

7,  1-chome,  Tokiwa-cho,  Naka- 

ku,  Yokohama  Shi 

Tel.  68-2916 

Dir.  :  Mr.  J.  C.  D.  Mayer 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 

y  •  •#•  —  •/  ^  *  •  •£  y 


Tel.  68-2916 
H  -  y  C.  D. 


fiffi 


Daito  Gakuen  Shakai-bu, 
Shinryo-bu 

40,  2-chome,  Tamagawa  Naka- 

machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  701-1888 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Takeru  Arahara 

Medical 


2-40 


Dojin  (i.'ikiiin 

Harajuku,  Hitaka-machi,  Iruma- 

gun,  Saitama  Ken 

Tel.  29 

Dir.  :  Tome  Sekine 

Orphanage 


Tel.  701   1888 


Tel.  29 


Eisei  Kai  Boshi  Home 

3-kumi,  Shimo  Noguchi,  Beppu 

Shi 

Dir.  :  Kotora  Nagai 

Widow's  Home 


Elizabeth  Sanders  Home 

1152    Oiso,   Oiso-machi,    Naka- 

gun,  Kanagawa  Ken 

Tel.  6-0007 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Miki  Sawada 

Orphanage,  Babies'  Home 

y  ^?*  —  ^  •  .-h  —  A 

1152 


Friend  Home 

125    Minamida-machi,    Matsue 
Shi 

Tel.  2-3920 
Dir.  :  Chiyoko  Kadoi 
Work  for  the  Handicapped 
(Feebleminded) 
y  i/V  K  •  ?h  —  A 

ttttifTiUffliirr  125 

Tel.  2-3920 


NfttffH 


378 


DIRECTORIES 


Fujikura  Gakuen 
Tama  Fujikura  Gakuen 

1230  Miyama-cho,  Hachioji  Shi, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  Ongata  62 

Dir.  :  Hana  Kawada 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 

1230 


Tel.  &-/j  62 


Oshima  Fujikura  Bunen 

128     Umanose,    Oshima-machi, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  Izu  Oshima  25 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Nobumichi  Kawada 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


128 


Tel.  (JKZ 

iilfflfiil 


25 


Fukagawa  Airin  Gakuen 

6,  2-chome,  Edogawa-cho,  Fuka- 
gawa,  Koto-ku,  Tokyo 
Dir.:  Rev.  Reiji  Takahashi 
Neighborhood 


26 


Fukagawa  Shakai  Kan 

5,      2-chome,      Shirakawa-cho, 

Fukagawa,  Koto-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  641  0273 

Rep. :  Mr.  Seiji  Akiba 

Neighborhood 


Ar  fftY 


2-5 


mm 


Tel.  641-0273 


Fukuin  lin 

909-47,  Minamikata-cho,    Higa- 
shi,  Yodogawa-ku,  Osaka  Shi 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Hiroshi  Munauchi 
Medical 


909-47 


Fukushima  Seishi  Ryogo  En 

2,    1-chome,   Furuyakata,  Oaza 

Kami-Tairakubo,  Taira  Shi 

Tel.  3489 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Ichiro  Okochi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Crippled) 


Tel.  3489 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


379 


Futaba  En 

30,     1-chome, 

Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  391  3684 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Iwao  Takashima 

Orphanage 


Gotenba  Colony 

Nishi    Ogikubo,          1798    Nakabata,    Gotenba 
Shizuoka  Ken 
Tel.  2-1241 

Dir. :  Mr.  Isao  Yamashita 
Work  for  the  Handicapped 
(Feebleminded) 


Shi 


Tel.  391  3684 


1-30 


Futaba  Shudo  En 

123      Minami      Nakano-machi, 

Omiya  Shi 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Ryoichi  Kondo 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Crippled) 


123 


Gifu  Kunmo  Kyokai 

4,  1-chome,  Umekawa-cho,  Gifu 

Shi 

Tel.  3  1310 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yasuo  Itobayashi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Training  for  the  Blind) 


Tel.  3  1310 


Tel.  2-1241 


1798 


Hakodate  Moa  Gakuin 

87  Motomachi,  Hakodate  Shi 
Rep.  :  Mr.  Bunjiro  Sato 
Work  for  the  Handicapped 
(Deaf  &  Blind) 


87 


Hakuaisha  Shinryojo 

65,    2-chome,     Kitadori,     Moto 

Imasato-dori,      Higashi      Yodo- 

gawa-ku,  Osaka  Shi 

Tel.  301-5428 

Dir.:  Setsu  Hashimoto 

Medical 


2  65 

Tel.  301  5428 

mm 


380 


DIRECTORIES 


Hakuju  So 

967,  8-chome,  Kamimeguro,  Me- 

guro-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  461-0209 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Junichi  Amano 

Old  Age  Home 


8-967 


Tel.  461-0209 


Hakujuji  Kai 


Gakusei  Sanatorium 

c/o  Hakujuji  Kai 

145    Noguchi,    Higashi     Mura- 

yama  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  9-2322 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Minoru  Nomura,  M.D. 

Sanatorium  for  Students 


145 


nrnmrn 

Hakujuji  Kai  Shinryojo 

14,  1-chome,  Fujimi-cho,  Chiyo- 

do-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  261  6491 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Minoru  Nomura,  M.D. 

Medical 


1-14 


Tel.  9-2322 


ill  tffiBFf^m  1X^:1; 
Tel.  261  6491 


mm 

Kashima  Hakujuji  Byoin 

5651    Okunoya,     Kamisu-mura, 

Kashima-gun,  Ibaragi  Ken 

Tel.  Yabuhara  3,  69 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Chikao  Nakano,  M.D. 

Sanatorium 


Tel.  m%(  3,  69 


Murayama  Sanatorium 

145    Noguchi,    Higashi     Mura 

yama  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  9-2322 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Minoru  Nomura,  M.D. 

Sanatorium 


y 


Tel.  9-2322 


145 


Harunaso  Byoin 

765  Kamimurota,  Haruna-machi, 
Gunma-gun,  Gunma  Ken 
Tel.  Murota  119,  255 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Masao  Hara 
Sanatorium 

8PimiMISB££Br±^fflT  765 

Tel.  ^ffl  119,  255 


NON-JAPAN  CHRIS'nAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


381 


Sei  Yoakimu  Kyo 

c/o  Haruna  So 
Address  :  Same  as  above 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Naohiko  Okubo 
Sanatorium 


Hikari  no  Ko  Hoikuen 

Akagawa,   Shirakawa-cho, 

mo-gun,  Gifu  Ken 

Tel.  Akagawa  19 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Kanji  Yamaguchi 

Orphanage 


Ka- 


Tel.  ,/f;f"J  19 
UjPJt- 


Himawari  En 

2220  Imaizumi,  Yoshiwara  Shi 

Tel.  0402 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Shunichi  Tomaki 

Orphanage 


2220 


Tel.  0402 


Hiroshima  Seiko  Gakuen 

1044  Koizumi-cho,  Mihara  Shi 

Tel.  Koizumi  1 

Dir. :  Mr.  Shizuto  Shimizu 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Blind) 


Tel. 


1044 


(W) 

Hiroyasu  Aiji  En 

73  Koga,  Mashiki-machi,  Kami 
Mashiki-gun,  Kumamoto  Ken 
Tel.  8-2015 

Dir.:  Mr.  Hideo  Shigaki 
Orphanage 


73 


ggffifg 

Hokkaido  Hakodate  Mo  Gak- 
ko 

45  Taya-machi,  Hakodate  Shi 

Tel.  2-3220 

Rep. :  Mr.    Hidemasa   Ichimaru 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Blind) 


45 


Tel.  8-2015 


Tel.  2-3220 


Horikawa  Aisei  En 

94  Marunouchi,   Tanakura-ma- 

chi,         Higashi-Shirakawa-gun, 

Fukushima  Ken 

Tel.  Tanakura  139 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Masatsune  Tani 

Orphanage 


382 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  fflfl   139 


94 


lesu  no  Tomo  Rinpo  Kan 

512      Shimochiba-cho,      Katsu- 

shika-ku,  Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Shintaro  Nakayama 

Neighborhood 


512 


Inmanuel  lin 

1198,    1-chome,   Honcho,  Funa- 
bashi  Shi 
Tel.  22-2561 
Medical 


Tel.  22-2561 


Iwaki  Fukuin  Kyokai 

4  Saitsuchi  Koji,  Taira  Shi 

Tel.  58 

Dir.  :  Ichiro  Okochi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Crippled) 


Tel.  58 


Jiai  En  Nyuji  Home 

320    Kuwamizu-machi,     Kuma- 

moto  Shi 

Tel.  4-3509 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Soichiro  Shioya 

Baby  Care 


320 


Jiai  Ryo 

359,     3-chome,     Hyakunin-cho, 

Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  361-2578 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Masaru  Fukuda 

Work  for  Prostitutes 


Tel.  4-3509 


mM 

Tel.  361-2578 


3-359 


Jido  Home  Wakaba  Ryo 

Uenodai,  Futayanagidai,  Hanno 

Shi,  Saitama  Ken 

Dir. :  Mr.  Hidegoro  Yoshii 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

Orphanage 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \VORK 


383 


Tel.  386  6491 


Jofu  En 

1702,  4-chome,  Egota,   Nakano- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  368-6491 

Dir.  :  Rev.  Saburo  Kato 

Sanatorium 


4-  1702 


Kansai   Koaei  Kyokai  Jusan- 
jo 

Yamato  Oji,  Higashi  Iru,  Uma- 

cho,     Higashiyama-ku,     Kyoto 

Shi 

Tel.  6  1633 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Asao  Tomita 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


ftffi  rtriK  1  1  1  K  f 

Tel.  6  1633 


Keiwa  En 

691      Imai-cho,      Hodogaya-ku, 
Yokohama  Shi 
Rep.  :  Mr.  Naozo  Maeda 
Work  for  the  Handicapped 


691 


WffliS* 


1696 
Tel. 


Kinan  Roto  Gakuen 

1696     Uedahama,      Nanbu-cho, 

Hitaka-gun,  Wakayama  Ken 

Tel,  Nanbu  371 

Dir.: 

Dormitory 


371 


Kirisutokyo  Meed  Shakai 
Kan 

50,  1-chome,  Minami  dori,  Moto 

Imasato,  Higashi  Yodogawa-ku, 

Osaka  Shi 

Dir.  :  Chiaki  Okamoto 

Neighborhood 


so 


Kiriautokyo    Meed   Shakai   Kan 
Shinryojo 

Address  :  same  as  above 

Tel.  301-4290 

Dir.:  Hideko  Miyata 

Medical 


Tel.  301-4290 


384 


DIRECTORIES 


Kiyose  Seikokai  Colony 

1052  Naka  Kiyoto,  Kiyose-ma 
chi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
Rep.  :  Mr.  Yoshio  Kudo 
Sanatorium 


1052 


Tel.  4-2070 


Kobe  Airin  Kan 

97  Kusudani-machi,    Hyogo-ku, 

Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  4-2070 

Dir.  :  Mrs.  Mitsuko  Miura 

Work  for  Delinquent  Girls 


97 


Kobe  Fujin  Ryo 

18,  3-chome,  Yagami-cho,  Suma- 

ku,  Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  7  3666 

Dir. :  Mr.  Haruo  Nishibuchi 

Work  for  Prostitutes 


3-18 


Kobe  Jitsugyo  Gakuin 

270  Higashi  Fukuyama,  Hirano 
Tennoji,  Hyogo-ku,  Kobe  Shi 
Tel.  5  5629 


Tel.  7-3666 


Dir.  :  Mr.  Mitsuo  Kaneko 
Orphanage 


270 

Tel.  5-5629 


Kobe  Kaiin  Home 

385    Minatoyama-cho,    Hyogo- 

ku,  Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  5-2105 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Shinzo  Kakumae 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


385 


Kodomo  no  le 

1275   Naka  Kiyoto,  Kiyose-ma- 
chi,  Kita-tama-gun,  Tokyo 
Tel.  Kiyose  24 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Jun  Kato 
Orphanage 


Tel.  5-2105 


1275 


mm  24 


Konodai  Boshi  Home 

1,  1-chome,  Konodai,   Ichikawa 

Shi 

Tel.  3-1473 


NON-JAPAN  CHRIS-HAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


385 


Tel.  3-1473 
/ 


Dir. :  lyono  Inatomi 
Widow's  Home 


1-1 


Koho  Aiji  En 

932  Ishiki,  Hayama,  Miura-gun, 

Kanagawa  Ken 

Tel.  Ishiki  268 

Dir. :  Toshiko  Takahashi 

Orphanage 

—  fa  932 


Tel.  —  (£s  268 


Kuji  Shakai  Kan 

70-1,    5-chome,      Kashiwazaki, 

Kuji  Shi 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Takeshi  Yahaba 

Neighborhood 


5  TT1   70-1 


Kuji  Shakai  Kan  Shinryojo 

Same  as  above 


m±. 

Kujukuri  Home  Byoin 

21  likura,  Yokaichiba  Shi,  Chi- 
ba  Ken 


Tel.  103,  379 

Dir. :  Dr.  Takeshi  Otani,  M.D. 

Sanatorium 


21 


Tel.  103,  379 


Kumamoto  Light  House 

2     Shinsei-machi,     Kumamoto 

Shi 

Tel.  8-2013 

Dir.  :  Tomi  Kadowaki 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Deaf  &  Blind) 


Tel.  8-2013 

P'JHfi  b  5 


Kumamoto  Me  no  Ginko 

320  Kuwamizu-cho,  Kumamoto 

Shi 

Tel.  4-3509 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Soichiro  Shioya 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Eye  Bank) 


32° 


Tel.  4-3509 


386 


DIRECTORIES 


Kusatsu    Sei    Barunaba    Mis 
sion 

c/o  Nihon  Seikokai,  Kita  Kanto 

Kyoku-Kyomusho 

2  Irifune-machi,  Tochigi  Shi 

Tel.  1386 

Rep.:  Rev.  Naohiko  Okubo 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


$}7fCrff 
13  *H 
Tel.  1386 


Kyoto  San  In 

557  Seiwain-machi,   Kami  Cho- 

jya-machi-kudaru,    Muromachi- 

dori,  Kami-Kyo-ku,  Kyoto  Shi 

Tel.  44-0390 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshio  Saeki 

Medical 


±  wI 

557 
Tel.  44-0390 


Kyusei  Gun 

(Salvation  Army) 

tttft* 

Kyusei  Gun  Aiko  En 

1-chome,  Aoyama-cho,  Kure  Shi 
Tel.  2-6374 
Dir.  :  Hisa  Saito 
Orphanage 


Tel.  2-6374 


Tel.  661-4405 


Kyusei  Gun  Asa  no  Hikari  Ryo 

42,     1-chome,     Matsuda-machi, 
Nishinari-ku,  Osaka  Shi 
Tel.  661-4405 
Dir.  :  Masami  Kuwahara 
Work  for  Prostitutes 


1-42 


Kyusei  Gun  Evangeline  Hostel 

13  Honmura-cho,  Ichigaya,  Shin- 

juku-ku,  Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Kimie  Usui 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


13 


Kyusei  Gun  Fujin  Ryo 

1039  Wada  Honcho,   Suginarni- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  381-0992 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Chuji  Obinata 

Work  for  Prostitutes 


1039 


Tel.  381-0992 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


387 


Tel.  531-1033 


Kyusei  Gun  Jijo  Kan 

1,  3-chome,  Higashi  Naka-dori, 
Tsukishima,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  531-1033 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Toji  Sugano 
Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


3-1 


Kyusei  Gun  Shinsei  Ryo 

96,    4-chome,    Shibasaki-machi, 

Tachikawa  Shi 

Tel.  2-2306 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Taisuke  Hiramoto 

Work  for  Prostitutes 


4-96 


Kyusei  Gun  Joshi  Gakusei 
Hostel 

1039  Wada  Honcho,   Suginami- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  381-9665 

Dir.  :  Haruka  Akimoto 

Dormitory 


1039 


Tel.  2-2306 


Tel.  381-9665 


Kyusei  Gun  Joshi  Seinen  Kan 

1,  2-chome,    Misuji-cho,   Taito- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  851-1079,  8490 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yasuzo  Ishiide 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


2-1 


Tel.  851-1079,  8490 


Kyusei  Gun  Kibo  Kan 

3,     3-chome,      Naka     Hozumi, 

Ibaraki  Shi,  Osaka 

Tel.  3758 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yasuo  Fukui 

Orphanage 


3-3 


Kyusei  Gun  Kieko  Ryo 

51      Kami      Ikegami,      Ota-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  781  0357 

Dir.  :  Ayame  Watanabe 

Orphanage 


Tel.  3758 


ftliLi  51 

Tel.  781-0357 


388 


DIRECTORIES 


Kyusei  Gun  Seko  Ryo 

1040  Wada  Honcho,   Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  381  0545 
Dir.  :  Kazuko  Kato 
Orphanage 


Tel.  381-7236/8 


1040 
Tel.  381  0545 

mmm® 

Kyusei  Gun    Seishin  Ryoyo  En 

1197    Naka     Kiyoto,     Kiyose-      Lebanon  Home 


Kyusei  Gun  Suginami  Ryoyojo 

875   Wada    Honcho,    Suginami- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  381-7236/8 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Taro  Nagasaki 

Sanatorium 


875 


machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
Tel.  Kiyose  14,  241 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Risaburo  Sato 
Sanatorium 


1197 

Tel.  Af$  14,  241 


mmm 

Kyusei  Gun  Shinko  Kan 

87  Akagi  Shita-machi,  Shinjuku- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  268  8366 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Yoshizo  Soeda 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


87 


Tel.  3145 


465-2,    Oaza    Ai,    Ibaraki    Shi, 

Osaka  Fu 

Tel.  3145 

Dir.  :  Tokiko  Shibata 

Orphanage 


465-2 


Maebashi  Yoro  In 

3  Higashi-cho,  Maebashi  Shi 
Tel.  2-3430 

Dir. :  Mr.  Kumazo  Tanabe 
Old  Age  Home 

I  tif  BUSSES 


Tel.  268-8366 


Tel.  2-3430 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


389 


Tel.  2064 


Matsuyama  Shinbo  Ai  no  le 

251-1,    Takasaki,    Kumanodai, 

Matsuyama  Shi 

Tel.  2-2064 

Dir.  :  Kiku  Takahashi 

Orphanage 


251-1 


Megum'i  En 

276  Kami   Tafuse-machi,  Saga 

Shi 

Dir.  :  Misa  Kuribayashi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


2760 


Mikaeri  Oizumi  Ryo 

145  Higashi  Oizumi-machi,  Neri- 

ma-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  991-8256 

Dir.  :  Kyoko  Mochizuki 


145 


Miss  Apton  Kinen  Kan 

33  Odaya,   Moroyama-cho,  Iru- 
ma-gun,  Saitama  Ken 
Dir.  :  Mr.  Seiichi  Mori 
Old  Age  Home 


33 


Mitadani  Chiryo  Kyoiku  In 

3  Kusunoki-cho,  Uchiide,  Ashi- 

ya  Shi 

Tel.  2-5026 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Juro  lijima 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


Tel.  991-8256 


Tel.  2-5026 


Musashino  Kirisutokyo  Shin- 
ryojo 

952,  3-chome,  Kita-machi,  Kichi- 

joji,  Musashino  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  22-8708 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Kiyoshi  Sugano 

Medical 


3-952 


Nagano  Keiro  In 

173     Furuno-machi,     Kawachi- 

Nagano  Shi 

Tel.  3960 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Mataichi  Tanaka 

Old  Age  Home 


Tel.  0422-2-8708 


390 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  3960 


173 


Naomi  Home 

44,  2-chome,  Tamagawa   Todo- 
roki,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  701-3481,  9813 
Dir.  :  Fumiko  Takizawa 
Widow's  Home 


2  44 


Nazare  En 

361    Nakazato,    Urizura-machi, 

Naka-gun,  Ibaragi  Ken 

Tel.  Urizura  77 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Seiichi  Kikuchi 

Old  Age  Home 


361 


3sfC#$  Hi  m  S  LXHi  M  I  ^ 
Tel.  701-3481,  9813 


Tel. 


77 


Nippon  Baputesuto  Byoin 

47     Yamanomoto-machi,     Kita 

Shirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

Tel.  78-5191 

Dir. :  Dr.  C.  F.  Clarke,  M.  D. 

Medical 


Tel.  78-5191 
C.  F.   9  7  -  9 

mm 

Nippon  Jido  Ikusei  En 

11,  1-chome,  Nagara    Mori-ma- 

chi,  Gifu  Shi 

Tel.  2-1387 

Rep.  :  Mr.  Shigeo  Asakura 

Orphanage 


1-11 

Tel.  2-1387 

m  uifi^t 

Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan 
Shinryojo 

6,  1-chome,  Nishiki-cho,  Kanda, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  291-2302 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Takejiro  Horiuchi 

Medical 


Tel.  291-2302 
JSPSiZllB 

mm 

Nippon  Light  House 

12,  Naka  2-chome,    Imatsu,  Jo- 

to-ku,  Osaka  Shi 

Tel.  98-5521/2 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Hideyuki  Iwahashi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Blind) 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 

h  ^** 

2-12 


391 


Tel.  98-5521/2 


Nippon  Rowa  Gakko 

457,    2-chome,     Kamikitazawa, 

Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  321-0540 

Prin.  :  Mr.  Isao  Oshima 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Deaf) 


2-457 


Tel.  321  0540 


(SB) 


Nippon  Tenji  Toshyokan 

212      Suwa-cho,     Shinjuku-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  361-3661 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Kazuo  Honma 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Library  for  the  Blind) 


212 


Nozomi  no  le 

748,    5-chome,    Sakai    Minami- 

cho,  Musashino  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  0422  3  2224 

Dir.:  Dr.  Hugh  Moreton 

Orphanage 


Tel.  361-3661 


Tel.  0422-3-2224 

k.  ^  -  •  -t  -  h  > 


Tel.  321-4794 


5-748 


Nozomi  no  Mon 

329,  5-chome,  Eifuku-cho,  Sugi- 

nami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  321-4794 

Work  for  Prostitutes 


5-329 


Numazu  Midoricho  Byoin 

898-1,  Honaza  Shimo,   Icchoda, 

Numazu  Shi 

Tel.  2  0932 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Kimiyo  Toyoura,  M.D. 

Medical 


—  TUl  898-1 


Omi  Airin  En 

87     Minami     Shinpo,     Imatsu- 

machi,    Takashima-gun,    Shiga 

Ken 

Tel.  Imatsu  2238 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Toyoji  Sugihashi 

Sanatorium 


Tel.  2-0932 


392 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  'HI*  2238 


Tel.  3181 


87 


Omi  Sanatorium 

492      Kitanosho-machi,       Omi- 

hachiman  Shi 

Tel.  3181 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Seiji  Kurimoto 

Sanatorium 


492 


Onshi  Kinen  Midori  En 

2220  Imaizumi,  Yoshiwara  Shi 
Tel.  0402 

Rep.:  Mr.  Shunichi  Tomaki 
Baby  Care 


2220 


Otakebashi  Byoin 

53  Sakuragi-cho,  Senju,  Adachi- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  881-6329 

Dir. :   Mr.    Matsuyoshi    Tsuka- 

moto 
Medical 


53 


Tel.  3-5056 


Palmore  Byoin 

20,  4-chome,    Kita  Nagasa-dori, 

Ikuta-ku,  Kobe  Shi 

Tel.  3-5056 

Dir.  :  Dr.  Ken  Miyake,  M.  D. 

Medical 


4-20 


Safuran  Chiryojo 

154,  3-chome,  Omiyamae,  Sugi 

nami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  391-2371 

Dir.  :  Mr.  Tomino  Takada 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Blind) 


3-154 


Samaria  Shakai  Jigyo  Dan 

153  5,  Miyazaki,  Kawasaki  Shi 
Tel.  Kawasaki  2081 
Dir. :  Namiko  Tamura 
Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


Tel.  391-2371 


Tel. 


153-5 
2081 


Tel  881-6329 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


393 


Samaria  Shinryojo 

967,    8-chome,    Kami    Meguro, 
Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 
Dir.  :  Fumio  Utsnomiya 
Medical 


s-967 


Sanbi  Kai  Shinryojo 

215  Mondo-cho,  Hiroshima  Shi 

Tel.  31-4449 

Dir.  :  Asaro  Yamagishi 

Medical 


215 


Sanko  Juku 

14,  1-chome,  Naruo-cho,  Nishino- 

miya  Shi 

Dir.  :  Yuji  Kawagaki 

Orphanage 


Tel.  31-4449 


Sapporo  Ikuji  En 

Nishi     1-13,     Minami 

Sapporo 

Tel.  2-1393 

Dir. :  Kenichi  Amano 

Orphanage 


10    Jo 


Tel.  2 


10 

1393 


1-13 


Sei  Hiruda  Yoro  In 

8,  3-chome,  Miyoshi-cho,  Fuchu 

Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  4461 

Dir.  :  Taeko  Arai 

Old  Age  Home 


3-8 


Seisei  Kan 

2,  2-chome,  Aza  Otsuka,  Oube, 
Kawanishi  Shi,  Hyogo  Ken 
Tel.  Ikeda  5-2236,  2993 
Dir.  :  Keisei  Miyake 
Widow's  Home 


Tel.  4461 


2-2 

Tel.  Mill  I  5-2236,  2993 


Seishonen  Seishin  Eisei 
Sodanjo 

603,     2-chome,    Kamikitazawa, 

Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  322-2593 

Dir.  :  Nobuyoshi  Kitagawa, 

(Consultant) 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


394 


DIRECTORIES 


2-603 


Tel.  322-2593 


Seiwa  So 

35  Kagano  Harukiba,   Morioka 

Shi 

Tel.  2-3947 

Rep.  :  Kiichi  Obara 

Old  Age  Home 


35 


Tel.  2-3947 


Sei  Yakobu  Shinryojo 
(St.  Joseph) 

1338  Kami  Chiba,  Katsushika- 
ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.:  601  0679 
Dir.  :  Mie  Yamaguchi 
Medical 


1338 
Tel.  601-0679 
OjPHm 
KJtt.  Jttil 

Sei  Yohane  Gakuen 
(St.  John) 

309  Hattori,  Takatsuki  Shi 
Tel.  5-0541 
Dir.  :  Akira  Ito 
Orphanage 


309 


Tel.  5-0541 


Seiyu  Home 

250,    3-chome,    Asagaya,    Sugi- 

nami-ku,  Toko 

Tel.  391-1844 

Rep.  :  Keiko  Asatsugi 

Orphanage,  Widow's  Home 


'     3-250 


Tel.  391-1844 


Seiyu  Home  Fujin  Ryo 

Address,  Tel.  ;  same  as  above 
Work  for  Prostitutes 


Seiyu  Shinryojo 

Address,  Tel.  ;  same  as  above 
Dir.  :  Mitsuko  Asatsugi 
Medical 

(R!± 


mm, 

Setagaya  Neighborhood 
Center 

Kita  8-2,   1-chome,  Shimouma- 

cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  421-4016 

Dir.  :  Kimi  Nunokawa 

Neighborhood 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \\ORK 
'-  -7  -j  K 

•.MJBJ  1  TSJb 


395 


82 

Tel.  421-4016 


Shibuya  Shinryojo 

23,  1-chome,  Shoto-cho,   Shibu- 

ya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  467-8960 

Rep.  :  Dr.  K.  F.  Eitel 

Medical 


ss 


Shin  Ai  Byoin 

1645   Nobidome,    Kiyose-machi, 

Kita-tama-gun,  Tokyo 

Tel.  9-2674 

Dir. :  Yukimasa  Ichikawa 

Sanatorimu 


Tel.  467-8960 
K.  F.  -7^7- 


1645 

Tel.  9-2674 

ifjJII'fTlE 


Dir.  :  Michiko  Okabe 
Widow's  Home 


Tel.  84-5761 


Shin  Ai  So 

687    Shimo    Nagafuchi,     Oume 

Shi 

Tel.  Oume  2283 

Old  Age  Home 


687 
2283 


Shinsei  Kai 


Tel. 


Rojin  Home  Keisen  En 

765     Kami      Mrota,      Haruna- 
machi,  Gunma-gun,  Gunma  Ken 
Tel.  119,  255 
Dir.  :  Masao  Hara 
Old  Age  Home 


765 


Tel.  119,  255 
OKIE* 


Shin  Ai  Hoiku   En    Boshi  no          Haruna  Shunko  En 


le  Kibo  Ryo 

Nishi  In  Machi,  Higure  Nishi-iri- 
agaru,     Maruta-machi,     Kami- 
kyo-ku,  Kyoto  Shi 
Tel.  84-5761 


2254    Naka     Murota,     Haruna- 
machi,  Gunma-gun,  Gunma  Ken 
Tel.  Murota  119,  255 
Dir.  :  Hideko  Nojima 
Old  Age  Home 


396 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel. 


255 


Shinsei  Ryoyojo 

Kofuse-machi,  Kami  Takai-gun, 
Nagano  Ken 
Tel.  Kofuse  33 
Sanatorium 


33 


Shinwa  Gakuen 

607  Manda,  Hiratsuka  Shi 

Tel.  6-1489 

Dir.  Akira  Idenawa 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


607 
Tel.  6-1489 

torn 


Shion  En 

Chuo-ku,  Arao  Shi 

Tel.  428 

Dir.  :  Tomohisa  Yoda 

Orphanage 


Tel.  428 


Shirakawa  Gakuen 

1  Takemine-cho,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto 

Shi 

Tel.  44-3608 

Dir.  :  Tetsugoro  Yamamoto 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


Tel.  44-3608 


Hinadori  Gakuen 

Address,  Tel.  ;  same  as  above 
Dir.  :  Sachiko  Ukita 
Work  for  the  Handicapped 


Shirokaneyama  Byoin 

6073  Otoshima,  Tamashima  Shi, 

Okayama  Ken 

Tel.-  2848 

Dir.  :  Tamotsu  Fujii 

Medical 


6073 


Shunko  Gakuen 

580  Koyabe-cho,  Yokosuka  Shi 

Tel.  5-2362 

Dir. :  Chotaro  Tetsuya 

Orphanage 


Tel.  2848 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  \\ORK 


Tel.  5-2362 


580 


Sei  Barunaba  Byoin 
(St.  Barunabas) 
66    Saikudani-cho,    Tennoji-ku, 
Osaka  Shi 
Tel.  771  9236 
Dir.  :  Hirozo  Yamamura 
Medical 


66 


St.    Luke's    Kokusai     Byoin 
Iryo  Shakaijigyo  Bu 

53  Akashi-cho,  Chuoku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  541  5151 

Dir.  :  Masumi  Yoshida 

Medical 


Tel.  771-9236 


Tel.  541-5151 


53 


Sei  Luka  Shinryojo 

(St.  Luke) 

3545  Kashiyama,  Takane-machi, 

Kita      Koma-gun,      Yamanashi 

Ken 

Tel.  Kiyosato  14 

Dir.  :  Takao  Takei 

Medical 


Tel.  rTr'S  14 


St.  Margaret  House 

289  Jizo,  Fukatsu-machi,  Azuma 

gun,  Gunma  Ken 

Tel.  71 

Dir.  :  Aiko  Ogasawara 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

S?-r-#l'?   hfiR 

289 


Tel.  71 


Tel.  2-4371 


St.  Mary's  Clinic 

1273,     4-chome,    Yahata-machi, 

Ichikawa  Shi 

Tel.  2-4371 

Dir.  :  Hironoshin  Matsumoto 

Medical 


4-1273 


St.  Paul  House 

5  [Shimo    Igusa,    Suginami-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  339  8085 

Dir.  :  Naoko  Hara 

Leisure      Guidance,      Cultural 

Education  for  Parents 


398 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  399  8085 


Takinogawa  Gakuen 

6312    Yaho,     Kunitachi-machi, 

Kita  Tama-gun,  Tokyo 

Tel.  7  0035 

Dir.  :  Hikimaro  Takagi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


^i%  6312 


Toko  Gakuen 

2028  Doto-cho,  Sakai  Shi,  Osaka 
Tel.  Tomioka  7-0008 
Dir.  :  Kinichiro  Ito 
Orphanage 

>mY\'% 

WfiJtttlDr  2028 
Tel.  •tJ^li:  7-0008 
f£j$&—  IB 


Tel.  7-0035 


Tanzawa  Home 

5172  Tanzawa,  Kiyokawa-mura, 
Aiko-gun,  Kanagaga  Ken 
Dir.  :  Yoshio  Nakamura 
Orphanage 


Tobata  Baputesuto  Rinko  Sha 

2    Meiji-cho,    Tobata-ku,    Kita 

Kyushu  Shi 

Tel.  87-3254 

Dir.  :  Yoshiyuki  Hashimoto 

Neighborhood,  Employment 


Tel.  87-3254 


Tokyo  Eisei  Byoin 

171,  1-chome,  Amanuma,  Sugi- 

nami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  391-5161/5 

Mgr.  :  R.  W.  Burchard 

Medical 

m^m^m^ 

1-171 


Tel.  391-5161/5 
R.  W.  ^-f-^ 


Tokyo    Eisei    Byoin    Harajuku 
Shinryojo 

164,  3-chome,   Onden,  Shibuya- 

ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  401-1282 

Mgr.  :  R.  W.  Burchard 

Medical 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


399 


Tel.  2  2340 


Tokyo  Hikari  no  le 

12       Hirayama,        Hino-machi, 

Minami  Tama-gun,  Tokyo 

Tel.  2  2340 

Dir. :  Umekichi  Akimoto 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Blind) 


12 


Tokyo  Ikusei  En 

754,     1-chome,      Kamiuma-cho, 

Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  421  0041 

Dir.  :  Shigeo  Hasegawa 

Orphanage 


i  -754 


Tokyo  Ro  Gigei  Gakuen 

16,  1-chome,  Kana-machi,  Katsu- 

shika-ku,  Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Kazuko  Takayanagi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Deaf) 


^  tffiB  itt  m  <t 

Tel.  421  0041 


Tokyo  Kojin  Home 

168  Shinden,  Oaza  Kamihoya, 
Hoya-machi,  Kita  Tama-gun, 
Tokyo 


Tel.  61-2230 

Dir.  :  Chima  Matsunaga 

Old  Age  Home 


Hfm  168 
Tel.  61-2230 


Tokyo  Showa  Gakuen 

48  Mukaiyama-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 

Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Teizo  Yamauchi 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Deaf) 


48 


Tokyo  Tenji  Shuppanjo 

276  Shim  Renjaku,  Mitaka  Shi, 

Tokyo 

Rep.  :  Kiichi  Higo 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Publishing  for  the  Blind) 


276 


(ff) 


Tokyo  YMCA  Imushitsu 

7  Mitoshiro-cho,  Kanda,  Chiyo- 

da-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  231-2101 

Rev.  :  Mosaburo  Kimoto 

Medical 


400 

.jiv;  Y.M.C.A.  |''i 
jfca-ap'RWH 

Tel.  231-2101 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  3725 


Tomeage  Gakuen 

Nishi  1014,   Kita  Tsuda-machi, 

Omiyawata  Shi 

Tel.  3725 

Dir.  :  Tatsuu  Fukui 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 


1014 


Tomo  to  Naru  Kai  Ai  no  le 

279,   1-chome,  Kutsuya,  Shizu- 

oka  Shi 

Tel.  53-3241 

Rep.  :  Juzo  lino 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 


1-279 


Tel.  53-3241 


Tsuda  Kodomo  no  le 

Tsuda,  Saeki-machi,  Saeki-gun, 
Hiroshima  Ken 
Tel.  Tomowa  0364 
Dir.  :  Susumu  lida 
Orphanage 


Tel. 


0364 


Unchu  Sha 


Hyuga  So 

688,  5-chome,  Nukii  Kita-machi, 

Koganei  Shi,  Tokyo 

Tel.  2-0937 

Dir.  :  Kokichi  Omori 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


5-688 


Yamato  Ryo 

Shinkura,   Yamamoto-cho,  Kita 
Adachi-gun,  Saitama  Ken 
Rep.  :  Haru  Kagawa 
Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


Tel.  2-0937 


Wasedo  Shinryojo 

51,  2-chome,  Totsuka-cho,  Shin- 

juku-ku,  Tokyo 

Dir.  :  Masatada  Tanabe 

Medical 


2-51 


NON-JAPAN  CHRISTIAN  SOCIAL  WORK 


401 


Yahata  Gakuen 

492,    3-chome,    Kitakata-machi, 

Ichikawa  Shi 

Tel.  2  3763 

Dir.  :  Mitsuhisa  Kubodera 

Work  for  the  Handicapped 

(Feebleminded) 

Adf*H 

3-492 


Tel.  2  3763 


Tel.  371-7251 


Yodogawa  Kirisuto  Kyo 
Byoin 

57,    1-chome,    Awaji     Honcho, 

Higashi-Yodogawa-ku,  Osaka 

Tel.  371-7251 

Dir.  :  Hiroshi  Yasunaga 

Medical 


1-57 


mm, 

Yokohama  Seamen's  Mission 

194  3,    Yamashita-dori,    Naka- 

ku,  Yokohama  Shi 

Tel.  68-3792 

Rep.  :  E.  W.  Kaierson 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 

We-  -y  —  s  v  x  $  -j  *y  3  v 
fMrifj^KiUTii  194-3 

Tel.  63-3792 
E.  W.  ^  -v  y  v 


Yokufu  En 

848,      3-chome,      Kamitakaido, 

Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  391  0165,  9152 
Dir.  :  Keima  Shimomatsu 
Old  Age  Home 


3-848 


Tel.  391-0165,  9152 


Kokko  Home 

All  same  as  above 


Matsuka/.e  Home 
All  same  BS  above 


Yokufu  Ee  Byoin 

848,      3-chome,      Kamitakaido, 

Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 

Tel.  391-0165,  9152,  893-6170 

Dir.  :  Fujiro  Amako 

Medical 


3-848 
Tel.  391-0165,  9152.  893-6170 


Yuai  Ryo 

188  Kinuta-machi,  Setagaya-ku, 

Tokyo 

Tel.  416-1745 

Dir.  :  Kenzo  Mikaya 

Relief,  Employment,  Dormitory 


402 


DIRECTORIES 


Tel.  416-1745 


Yu  Ai  Sha 

141,    1-chome,    Shimouma-cho, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
Tel.  421-7320 


Rep. :  Ryotaro  Iso 
Work  for  the  Delinquent  Boys 
&  Girls,    Work    for    the    Han 
dicapped 

JB 

Tel.  421-7320 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES 


The  figure  in  brackets  is  the  total  number  of  missionaries  assigned 
to  the  Japan  field ;  the  name  in  brackets  is  the  church  or  organiza 
tion  with  which  it  is  affiliated  in  Japan. 


AAM  American  Advent  Missianary  Society  (12) 

Superintendent:    Rev.  N.  Brawn,  34,  4-chome,  Bakuro- 

cho,  Yonago-shi,  Tottori-ken. 
Home  Office :    American  Advent  Mission  Society,  1339 

St.  Julian  St.,  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  28205,  U.  S.  A. 
Rev.  Joseph  A.  Baucom,  Executive  Secretary 

ABFMS  American  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society  (38) 

(Nihon  Baputesto  Domei) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Noah  Brannen,  2,  1-chome,  Misaki- 

cho,  Kanda,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo. 

(291-3115,  201  0993) 
Home    Office:      American    Baptist    Foreign   Mission 

Societies,  Valley  Forge,  Pennsylvania,  U.S.A. 
Dr.  Edward  B.  Willingham,  General  Secretary 

ABWE  Association  of  Baptists  for  World  Evangelism      (15) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  Vernon  Chandler,  C.  P.  O.  Box  393, 
Kobe  or  11,  Nakajima  Dori,  3-chome,  Fukiai-ku, 
Kobe.  (22  0537) 

Home  Office:  Association  of  Baptists  for  World 
Evangelism,  1505  Race  Street,  Philadelphia,  2, 
Penna.,  U.  S.  A 

ACC  The  Apostolic  Christian  Church  of  America  (4) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  Willis  R.  Ehnle,  1384  Kaneko-machi, 

Chofu-shi,  Tokyo.     (0424  82  4344) 
Home  Office:     The   Apostolic   Christian   Church    of 

America   2925   Sunnyside   Ave.,   Burlington,   Iowa, 

U.  S.  A. 
Mr.  Noah  Schrock,  Elder 


404  DIRECTORIES 

ACF  The  Aizu  Christian  Fellowship  in  Japan  (4) 

Field  Rcpr. :    Miss  Kathleen  Morris,    33    Daizenbara, 

Tomioka-machi,  Futaba-gun,  Fukushima-ken. 
Home    Office:      18    Frensham    Road,    New    Eltham, 

London  S.  E.  9,  England. 
Kepr. :    Miss  Hilda  Kingsford 

ACPC  Apostolic  Church  of  Pentecost  of  Canada  (9) 

(Nippon  Pentecost  Fukuin  Kyodan) 

Field  Repr.:    D.  G.  Wallace,  Unuma,  Kagamihara-shi, 

Gifu-ken. 
Home  Office:     1612  Adelaide  St.  E.,  Saskatoon,  Sask., 

Canada. 
Repr. :    Rev.  F.  A.  Assman 

AFSC  American  Friends  Service  Committee  (2) 

Dir. :    Mr.  Norman  Wilson 

95,  Shimo-osaki,  Shinagawa-ku,  Tokyo.     (441-5903) 

AG  General  Council  of  the  Assemblies  of  God  (32) 

(Nippon  Assemblies  of  God  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr. :    Robert  A.  Hymes,  430-1,  3-chome,  Koma- 
gome,  Toshima-ku,  Tokyo.     (982-1551) 

AGM  Amazing  Grace  Mission  (4) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  Clyde  Pickett,  Dogukoji,  Takanabe- 
cho,  Miyazaki-ken. 

Home  Office:  Amazing  Grace  Missions,  600  Rich 
mond  Ave.,  San  Antonio,  Texas  78215,  U.  S.  A. 

Director:    Rev.  R.  E.  White 

ALC  The  American  Lutheran  Church— Japan  Mission     (79) 

(Nippon  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 

Field  Rcpr. :  Rev.  Morris  Sorenson,  72  Hayashi-cho, 
Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo.  (941-0835) 

Home  Office:  Division  of  World  Missions  of  the 
American  Lutheran  Church,  422  South  5th  St., 
Minneapolis  15,  Minnesota,  U.  S.  A. 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  405 

BBP  Japan  Baptist  Bible  Fellowship  (21) 

Field   Repr.:     Rev.   Lavern   F.    Rogers,    11    of   3,    1- 

chome,  Matsunami-cho,  Chiba-shi.     (0472-51-2929) 

BDM  Baptist  Direct  Mission  (2) 

(Fukuin  Baptist  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:  John  R.  Blalock,  55  Mameguchidai, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi. 

BGC  Baptist  General  Conference,  Japan  Mission  (21) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Baputesto  Rengo  Senkyodan) 
Field  Repr.:     Rev.  Francis   B.  Sorley,   832-1,    Yoshi- 

hara,  Mihama-cho,  Hidaka-gun,  Wakayama-ken. 

(Gobo  2134) 
Home  Office :    Baptist  General  Conference,  5750  North 

Ashland  Ave.,  Chicago,  Illinois  60626,  U.  S.  A. 
Exec.  Sec:    Rev.  Franklin  O.  Nelson 

BIC  Brethren  in  Christ  Mission  (8) 

(Kirisutokyo  Kyodai  Dan  Dendokai) 

Field    Repr.:       Mr.    John    W.    Graybill,    228    Nukui 

Minami-machi,  4-chome,  Koganei-shi,  Tokyo. 
Home  Office:    Box  171,  Elizabeth  Town,  Penn.,  U.S.A. 
Exec.  Sec.:    Henry  N.  Hostetter 

BIM  Bible  Institute  Mission  of  Japan,  Inc.  (2) 

Field  Repr.:  Mr.  Earl  F.  Tygert,  2163  Karuizawa, 
Kita-saku-Gun,  Nagano-ken.  (2302) 

Home  office:  5622  Corson  Ave.  S.,  Seattle,  Washing 
ton,  U.  S.  A. 

President:    Mr.  Axel  Fredeen 

BMA  Baptist  Missionary  Association  of  Japan  (2) 

Field    Repr.:      Mr.    Z.    T.    Rankin,    1405,    2-chome, 

Hachioji-shi,  Tokyo. 
Home   Office:    Baptist    Missionary    Association,    716 

Main  St.,  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  U.  S.  A. 
Rev.  W.  J.  Burgess 


406 
BMMJ 


BPM 


CBCM 


CBFMS 


CBM 


CC 


CCC 


CCI 


DIRECTORIES 

Baptist  Mid-Missions  in  Japan  (12) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Ray  Creer,  21   Bancho,   Shiroishi- 

shi,  Miyagi-ken. 
Home  Office:    Baptist  Mid-Missions,  1740  East    12th 

St.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  U.  S.  A. 
President:     Dr.  Allan  Lewis 

Bible  Protestant  Missions  (4) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Dale  Oxley,  1033  Shiromoto-machi, 

Hitoyoshi-shi,  Kumamoto-ken. 

Community  Baptist  Church  Mission  (2) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  E.  Martin,  Unoki  3147,  Irumagawa, 

Sayama-shi,  Saitama-ken. 

Conservative  Baptist  Foreign  Mission  Society        (41) 

(Japan  Conservative  Baptist  Mission) 

Field  Chairman:     Rev.    Frank    Holecek,    Wakamiya- 

cho,  Kitami-shi,  Iwate-ken. 

Home  Office :    P.  O.  Box  5,  Wheaton,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A. 
Foreign  Secretary:     Dr.  Edwin  L.  Jacques 

Christ's  Bible  Mission  (2) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  John  R.  Terry,  Bible  Chapel,  811 

Asahi-cho,  Sakurai-shi,  Nara-ken. 
Home  Office:    6023  Dutton   Place,   New    Fane,    New 

York,  U.S.A. 
Dir. :    Rev.  Richard  Boytim 

Church  of  Christ  (17) 

(Kirisuto  no  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  Elmer  Prout,  c/o  Ibaragi  Christian 

College,  Omika,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi-ken. 

(Kujihama  2215) 

Christian  Catholic  Church  (2) 

Field  Repr. :     Rev.  Clark  B.  Offner,  4,  3-chome,  Tsuki- 
gaoka,  Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya-shi. 

Child  Care,  Inc.  (2) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  Paul  W.  Benedict,   P.  O.   Box    222, 
Baldwin,  U.S.A. 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  407 

CEF  Japan  Child  Evangelism  Fellowship,  Inc.  (7) 

(Nihon  Jido  Dendo  Fukuin  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Kenneth  N.  Attaway,  1599  Higashi- 

kubo,  Kamiarai,  Tokorozawa-shi,  Saitama-ken. 

(0429-22-4076) 

CG  Church  of  God,  Missionary  Board  (7) 

(Kami   no  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Arthur  Eikamp,  161-2  Nishi-machi, 

Mondo,  Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken. 

Home    Office:      Foreign    Missionary    Board    of    the 

Church    of    God,    1303    East    Fifth  St.,    Anderson, 

Indiana,  U.S.A. 
Exec.  Sec. :    Dr.  Lester  A.  Crose 

CJPM  Central  Japan  Pioneer  Mission  (6) 

(Chuo  Nihon  Fukuin  Senkyodan) 

Field  Repr.:    Miss    D.  M.    McKay,    56   Nanatsu    Ike, 

Koriyama-shi'  Fukushima-ken. 

CLC  Christian  Literature  Crusade  (9) 

(Christian  Bunsho  Dendo  Dan) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Robert   Gerry,   2,    1-3    Surugadai, 

Kanda,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo.     (291-1775) 
Home  Office:    CLC.  Box  356,  Ft.  Washington,  Penn., 

19034  U.  S.  A.     (Mr.  Kenneth  Adams) 

CMA  Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance     Japan  Mission 

(13) 

Field  Repr.:     Rev.   A.    Paul    McGarvey,   Naka    P.O. 
Box  70,  Hiroshima-shi.     (Itsukaichi  2-0589) 

CMC  Christian  Music  Association  Center  (1) 

Dir.:    Miss  Betty  Hudson,   2280   Shinohara-cho,    Ko- 

hoku-ku,  Yokohama-shi. 
Home  Office:     Route  1    Box   349,   Croton-on-Hudson, 

N.  Y.,  U.  S.  A, 


408  DIRECTORIES 

CMS  Church  Missionary  Society  (11) 

(Nippon  Seiko  Kai) 
Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Canon  Raymond  J.  Hammer,  Ph.  D., 

c/'o  Central  Theological  College,  8  Tamagawa  Naka- 

machi  2-chome,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo.    (701-0575/6) 
Home  Office:    6  Salisburg  Square,   London,    E.G.    4, 

England. 

General  Sec.:    Rev.  Canon  J.  V.  Taylor 

CMSJ  Covenant  Missionary  Society  of  Japan  (22) 

(Nippon  Covenant  Senkyokai) 
Field  Repr.:    Leonard    M.   Peterson,    2134   Kaizawa- 

Machi,  Takasaki-shi,  Gunma-Ken.     (3-3531) 
Home    Office:      Evangelical    Covenant    Church    of 

America,  World  Mission  Dept.,   5101    N.   Francisco 

Ave.,  Chicago  25,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A. 
Dir.  of  East  Asia  Mission :     Rev.  Russell  A.  Cervin 
CN  Church  of  the  Nazarene,  Japan  Mission  (15) 

(Nippon  Nazarene  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Bartlett  P.  McKay,  826   Kaizuka- 

cho,  Chiba-shi.     (0472-2-1226) 

CnC  Christian  Churches  (46) 

(Kirisuto  no  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Harold  R.  Sims,  1-52  Arai-machi, 
Nakano-ku,  Tokyo.  (386-5171) 

CoG  Church  of  God  (Independent  Holiness)  (3) 

Field  Repr.:  Mr.  Raymond  Shelhorn,  4-21,  Naka 
Saiwai-cho,  Kawasaki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken. 

Home  Office:  8373  N.  Broadway,  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
63147,  U.S.A. 

Sec. :    Lawrence  W.  Conway 
CPC  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church  (4) 

(Kambarando  Choro  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Tolbert  Dill,  3366-3,  Minami 
Rinkan,  Yamato-shi,  Kanagawa-ken. 

Home  Office :  The  Board  of  Foreign  Missions,  Cum 
berland  Presbyterian  Church,  P.  O.  Box  4746,  Mem 
phis,  Tenn.  38104,  U.S.A. 

Executive  Sec. :    Rev.  O.  T.  Arnett 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  409 

CRJM  Christian  Reformed  Japan  Mission  (17) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kaikakuha  Kyokai) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Henry  Bruinooge,  30-10,   1-chome 

Egota,  Nakano-ku,  Tokyo.     (951-6653) 
Home  Office:    Christian  Reformed  Board  of  Foreign 

Missions,  2850  Kalamazoo  Ave.,  S.  E.,  Grand  Rapids, 

Michigan  49503,  U.  S.  A. 
Executive  Sec. :    Rev.  Henry  Evenhouse 

DMS  Danish  Missionary  Society  (2) 

(Nihon  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:     Rev.  Frode  Leth-Larsen,  8- 11,  1-chome, 

Kasuga-cho,  Chiba-shi.     (412708) 
Home  Office:    D.  M.  S.,  Strandagervej   24,    Hellerup, 

Denmark. 
President:     Rev.  C.  Rendtorff 

ECC  The  Evangelical  Church  of  Christ  (11) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Senkyo  Dan) 
Field  Repr. :     Rev.  Lars  Jansson,  35  Toyoura,  Kuroiso- 

machi,  Tochigi-ken.     (Kuroiso  669) 
Home  Office:     Swedish    Holiness    Mission,    Stations- 

gatan  18,  Box  £7,  Kumla,  Sweden. 
/>»>.:     Rev.  Harold  Norburg 

EFCM  Evangelical  Free  Church  Mission  of  Japan  (15) 

(Fukuin  Jiyu  Kyokai) 
Field  Repr. :     Rev.  Stanley  Conrad,  33-2  Higashi  Ono- 

cho,  Koyama,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto-shi.     (45-4961) 
Home  Office:     1515    E.    66th    St.,    Minneapolis    23, 

Minn.,  U.S.A. 

Sec.:     Rev.  Lester  P.  Westlund 
EUB  The  Evangelical    United    Brethren    Church,    Division 

of  World  Mission  (19) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Member  of  the  Interboard    Committee   for   Christian 

Work  in  Japan. 
Field  Repr.:    Mrs.  George  Theuer,  850  31  Senriyama- 

shi,  Osaka-fu.     (381  4297) 
Home  Office:     Room    210,   601    W.    Riverview    Ave., 

Dayton,  Ohio  45406,  U.  S.  A. 
Sec.:    Dr.  Edwin  O.  Fisher,  Jr. 


410  DIRECTORIES 

FCM  Free  Christian  Mission  (17) 

(Jiyu  Christian  Dendodan) 
Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Oddvar  Tegnander,  1012  Tawara- 

machi,  Fukui-shi.     (Fukui  2-6315) 

FEAM  Far  East  Apostolic  Mission,  Inc.  (4) 

(Nippon  Pentecoste  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  Leonard  W.  Coote,  Ikoma,  Nara- 
ken.  (Ikoma  3821) 

FEBC  Far  East  Broadcasting  Company  (2) 

(Kyokuto  Hoso) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  David  Wilkinson,  C.  P.  O.  Box  1055, 

Tokyo.  Office  (291-0365)  Home  (701-8763) 
Home  Office:  Box  1,  Whittier,  Calif.,  U.S.A. 
President:  Robert  Bowman 

FEGC  Far  Eastern  Gospel  Crusade  (74) 

(Kyokuto  Fukuin  Jujigun) 

Field  Chairman :  Rev.  Roland  Friesen,  111  Hakuraku, 
Kanagawa-ku,  Yokohama-shi.  (49-9017) 

Home  Office:  14625  Greenfield  Road,  Detroit,  Michi 
gan  48227,  U.  S.  A. 

Executive  Sec. :    Rev.  Philip  E.  Armstrong 

FFFM  Finnish  Free  Foreign  Mission  (7) 

(Kirisuto  Fukuin  Kyokai  Rengo) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Jukka    Rokka,    101    Kamihate-cho, 
Kitashirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto. 

FKK  Fukuin  Koyu  Kai  (8) 

(Japan  Gospel  Fellowship) 

Field  Repr.:    Miss  Esther  S.  Bower,  63-1,  Showa-cho, 

Hamadera,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka-fu.     (Sakai  6-0019) 
Home   Office:     The   Pilgrim    Fellowship,    Inc.,    1201 

Chestnut  St.,  Phila.,  Pa.  19107,  U.  S.  A. 
Dir.:    Dr.  E.  Schuyler  English 

FWBM  Japan  Free  Will  Baptist  Mission  (6) 

(Fukuin  Baputesto  Kyodan) 

Field  \Repr. :  Mr.  Wesley  Calvery,  Mitsuhashi  70- 
Bihoro-cho,  Hokkaido.  (Bihoro  2291) 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES 


411 


GAM  German  Alliance  Mission  (15) 

(Domei  Fukuin  Kirisuto  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr. :  Mr.  Walter  Werner  22-2,  2-chome,  Nishi- 
machi,  Kagiya,  Gifu-shi. 

Home  Office:  Allianz-Mission-Barmen  Wuppertal- 
Barmen,  Gronau  Str.  87,  West  Germany 

Dir.:    Mr.  Hans  Flick 
GCMM  General  Conference  Mennonite  Mission  (26) 

(Kyushu  Menonaito  Kyodan) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Peter  Derksen,  10853  Kamizaki, 
Hyuga-shi,  Miyazaki-ken.  (3871) 

Home  Office:  Board  of  Missions,  The  General  Con 
ference  Mennonite  Church,  722  Main  St.,  Newton, 
Kansas,  U.  S.  A. 

Executive  Sec.:    Rev.  Andrew  R.  Shelly 

GEAM  German  East-Asia  Mission  (3) 

(Doitsu  Toa  Dendokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Harald  Oehler,  20,  2-chome,  Tomi- 

zaka,  Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo.     (811-2921) 

GFA  Japan  Gospel  Fellowship  Association  (8) 

(Kyurei  Dendo  Tai) 
Field  Repr. :    Mr.  Gerald    Johnson,    64    Midorigaoka, 

Honmoku,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi.     (64  8812) 

GMM  German  Midnight  Mission  (5) 

(Nihon    Kirisutokyo    Kyogikai :      National    Christian 

Council  of  Japan) 

Field  Repr.:    Miss  Dora  Mundinger,  c/o   Nozomi    no 
Mon  Gakuen,  1436  Futtsu-machi,  Kimitsu-gun,  Chiba- 

ken. 
Branch  Office  in  Tokyo:     Ruth  Hetcamp,  329-5,  Ei- 

fuku-cho,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo.     (321-4794) 
Home  Office:     Mission  Der  Frauen    und    Madchenbi- 

belkreise  Bad  Salzuflen  1  Lippe    (MBK)    Hermann 

Lonsstrasse  14  Germany. 
Acting  Chairman:     Miss  Alexandrine  Schmidt 

GYF  Go-Ye-Fellowship  (1) 

Field  Repr.:     Mrs.  Feme  Borman,  Furlough 


412  DIRECTORIES 

HFD  Oakland  Evangelistic  Association  (2) 

(Hokkaido  Fukuin  Dendo  Kai) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  R.  E.  McNaughton,  7-10,  Hon-cho 
Hakodate-shi,  Hokkaido.  (2-8883) 

HEF  High  School  Evangelism  Fellowship,  Inc.  (4) 

Field  Repr. :  Mr.  Kenneth  W.  Clark,  Shibuya  P.  O. 
Box  58,  Tokyo.  (401  5072) 

IBC  Interboard  Committee  For  Christian  Work  in  Japan 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan)  (377) 

Secretary :    Miss  Marjorie  Tunbridge,  Protestant  Chris 
tian  Center,  2,  Ginza  4-chome,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo. 
(561-6757,  6947,  6966) 

Home  Office:  Japan  Interboard  Committee,  Room 
1845,  The  Interchurch  Center,  475  Riverside  Drive, 
New  York,  N.  Y.,  10027,  U.  S.  A. 

Secretary :    Reverend  John  C.  deMaagd 

IBPFM  Independent  Board  for  Presbyterian  Foreign  Missions 

(Seisho  Choro  Kyokai)  (2) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  Malcolm  Frehn,  Kita  18  jo,  Higashi 
1-chome,  Sapporo-shi. 

IFG  International  Church  of  the  Foursquare  Gospel     (7) 

(Kokusai  Fosukuea  Kyodan  Oizumi  Fukuin  Kyokai) 
Field  Repr.:     Rev.  David    Masui,   834   Nishi   Oizumi, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo. 

IGL  Internationpl  Gospel  League,  Japan  Mission  (4) 

Field  Repr.:    Dr.  Janet  R.  Kiel,  93  Uyama,   Sumoto- 

shi,  Hyogo-ken.     (1028) 

Home  Office:    Box  519  Pasadena,  Calif.,  U.S.A. 
Repr.:     Rev.  Howard  Leurs 

IMM  International  Mission  to  Miners  (2) 

Field  Repr.:  Mr.  E.  Zollinger,  18-5,  Wakaba-cho, 
Yubari-shi,  Hokkaido. 

INO  Independent 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  413 

IUGM  International  Union  of  Gospel  Mission,  Inc.  (2) 

(Tokyo  Fukuin  Kyodan,  Nozomi  no  le) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Hugh  Moreton,  Ph.  D,  748,  5-chome, 

Kyonan-cho,  Musashino-shi,  Tokyo. 

(Musashino  3-2224) 

JCG  Japan  Church  of  God  (4) 

(Nippon  Church  of  God  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr. :     Rev.  L.  E.  Heil,  3412  Shimokawai-machi, 

Hodogaya-ku,  Yokohama-shi.     (Kawai  206) 
Home   Office:      1080    Montgomery    Ave.,    Cleveland, 

Tennessee,  U.  S.  A. 
Missions  Sec. :    L.  H.  Aultman 

.1  I.I;  Japan  Evangelistic  Hand  (23) 

(Nihon  Dendo  Tai) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  William  Bee,  11,  5-chome,  Shiomi- 

dai-cho,  Suma-ku,  Kobe-shi.     (7-5651) 
Home  Office:    26  Woodside  Park    Road,    London,    N. 

12,  England. 

Chairman:    Mr.  B.  Godfrey  Buxton 

JEM  Japan  Evangelical  Mission  (32  &  2  associates) 

(Nihon  Dendo  Mission) 
Field   Director:      Mr.    William    Friesen,    3,    4-chome 

Shimonakajima,  Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata-ken.     (4229) 
Home  Office:    Box  640,  Three  Hills,  Alberta,  Canada. 
General  Secretary:    Mr.  Murray  L.  Dawson 

JEMS  Japan  Evangelical  Missionary  Society  (2) 

Rev.  &  Mrs.  Akira  Hatori,  C.  P.  O.  Box  1000,  Tokyo. 

Home  Office:  Japanese  Evangelical  Missionary  So 
ciety,  1096  N.  Western  Ave.,  Los  Angeles  29,  Calif., 
U.  S.  A. 

Executive  Sec. :     Rev.  Paul  Nagano 
JFM  Japan  Free  Methodist  Mission  (11) 

(Nihon  Jiyu  Mesojisuto  Kyodan) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Norman  Overland,  850,  1-chome, 
Okubo-cho,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi-ken. 

Home  Office:    Winona  Lake,  Indiana,  U.S.A. 

Dr.  Byron  Lamson 


4U  DIRECTORIES 

JGL  JaPan  GosPel  teague 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Edward    G.    Hanson,    56   Koyama 

Itakura-cho,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto-shi. 
Home  Office:    c/o  International  Gospel  League    1130 

East  Walnut,  Pasadena,  Calif.,  U.  S.  A. 
President:    Rev.  Howard  T.  Lewis 

JIM  Japan  Inland  Mission 

(Nippon  Kaitaku  Dendo  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Hugh   Kennedy,    3,    Higashi    Hon- 

machi,  Shimogamo,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi. 
Home    Office:      29,    Cann    Hall    Rd.,    Leytonstone, 

London  E.  11  England. 
Mission  Secretary:    Miss  M.  Wilson 

JMM  Japan  Mennonite  Mission 

(Nippon  Mennonite  Kyokai) 

Field  Chairman:  Mr.  Ralph  Buckwalter,  Nishi  7  jo, 
Minami  17-chome,  Obihiro-shi,  Hokkaido.  (3282) 

JPM  Japan  Presbyterian  Mission  (U) 

(Nippon  Choro  Dendokai) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Philip  R.  Foxwell,  273,  1-chome, 
Horinouchi,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo.  (311-0017) 

JRB  Japan  Regular  Baptist  Mission  (4) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  F.  L.  Pickering,  furlough  from 
spring  1965,  380  Nakagawa,  Takaoka-shi,  Toyama- 
ken. 

Home  Office:  Japan  Regular  Baptist  Mission,  3358 
S.  E.  Marine  Drive,  Vancouver  16,  B.  C.,  Canada. 

Secretary :    Rev.  T.  L.  Wescott 

JRM  Japan  Rural  Mission  (3) 

(Nippon  Chiho  Dendo  Dan) 

Field  Repr. :  Mr.  J.  P.  Visser,  2640  Jonan-ku,  Saiki- 
Shi,  Oita-ken.  (Saiki  2238) 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  415 

LB  Lutheran  Brethren  Mission  of  Japan  (10) 

(Ruteru  Doho  Kyokai) 
Chairmau:    Rev.  David  Lanager,  10  Ishiwaki   Tajiri, 

Honjo-shi,  Akita-ken.     (Honjo  5749) 
Home  Office:     Lutheran    Brethren    Mission,    Fergus 

Falls,  Minn.,  U.S.A. 
Chairman:     Rev.  Orvin  Thompson 

LCA  Japan  Lutheran  Missionaries  Association  of  the  Lu 

theran  Church  in  America  (81) 

(Nihon  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 

President:  Rev.  Howard  A.  Alsdorf,  20  of  4,  Oishi, 
Nagamineyama,  Nada-ku,  Kobe-shi.  (86-4927) 

Association  Office:  29  Mitsuzawa  Shimo-cho,  Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama -shi.  (49-3252) 

LEAF  Lutheran  Evangelical  Association  of  Finland        (13) 

(Nihon  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Pentti  Karikoski,  108  Kobinata 
Suido-cho,  Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo.  (941-7659) 

LFCN  Lutheran  Free  Church  of  Norway,  Japan  Mission 

(Kinki  Fukuin  Ruteru  Kyokai)  (4) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Rolf  Godoy,  49-2  Tori-machi,  Tsu- 

shi,  Mie-ken.     (8-6246) 
Home   Office:     Lutheran   Free   Church    of   Norway, 

China    &    Japan  Mission,  Kristian  4.    gt.    15,    Oslo, 

Norway. 
Cliairman:     Mr.  Sigurd  Reizer 

LM  Liebenzeller  Mission  (27) 

Field  Sec. :     Mr.    Ernst    Vatter,    1933    Nakanoshima, 
Kawasaki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken. 
(Noborito  044-91-2334) 

MAR  Marburger  Mission  (7) 

(Liberty  Corner  Mission) 

Field  Repr.:  Deaconess  Karoline  Steinhoff,  133-4, 
Aza  Nishimatsumoto,  Nishi-Hirano,  Mikage-cho,  Hi- 
gashi  Nada-ku,  Kobe-shi.  (Mikage  85  0146) 


416  DIRECTORIES 

Headquarters  in  U.S.A.  &  Germany:  Liberty  Corner 
Mission,  Box  204,  Liberty  Corner,  New  Jersey, 
U.  S.  A. ;  Marburger  Mission,*  (16)  Marburg/ Lahn, 
Stresem'annstr,  25  Postfach  600,  Hessen,  West 
Germany. 

Director:     Rev.  G.  Schmauss 

MBM  Mennonite  Brethren  Mission 

Field  Rcpr. :  Rev.  Jonathan  H.  Bartel,  12-59,  Som- 
pachi-cho,  Ikeda-shi,  Osaka-fu.  (0727-6-8969) 

MC  The  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Methodist  Church, 

Division  of  World  Missions  (138) 

Member  of  the  Interboard  Committee  for  Christian 
Work  in  Japan. 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Theodore  J.  Kitchen,  12  Aoba-cho, 

Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo.     (401-2006) 

Home  Office:  Dr.  T.  T.  Brumbaugh  (MC-DWM) 
Room  1528,  The  Interchurch  Center,  475  Riverside 
Drive,  New  York,  New  York  10027,  U.  S.  A. 

Women's  Division  of  Christian  service 

Field  Repr.:  Miss  Elizabeth  Clarke,  11  Konno-cho, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo.  (408-1914) 

Home  Office :  Miss  Margaret  Billingsley  (MC-WDCS) 
Room  1418,  The  Interchurch  Center,  475  Riverside, 
New  York,  New  York  10027,  U.  S.  A. 

MCCS  Mission  Covenant  Church  of  Sweden  (18) 

(Nippon  Seiyaku  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field    Repr.:      Rev.    Anders    Soderlund,    552    Wada, 

Tamano-shi,  Okayama-ken.     (8336) 
Home  Office:    Tegnergatan  8,  Stockholm,  Sweden. 
Mission  Secretary's:    Rev.  Arvid  Stenstrom 

MJO  Mission  to  Japan  Inc.  Orphanage  (2) 

Field  Repr.:  Mr.  Willis  R.  Hoffman,  40,  5-chome, 
Tokugawa-cho,  Higashi-ku,  Nagoya-shi.  (94-4694) 


NflSSION  BOARDS  AND  SOQE11ES  417 

MM  Mino  Mission  (3) 

Superintendent:    Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Whewell,  c/o  Mino 
Mission,  Tomidahama,  Yokkaichi-shi,  Mie-ken. 
(Yokkaichi  6-0096) 

MS  Mission  to  Seamen  (3) 

Cliaplain:    Rev.  &    Mrs.    Harold    Wilson,    P.O.    Box 

709,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe-shi.     (3-1696) 
Chaplain:    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Eric  W.  Cassan,  194,  Yama- 

shita-cho,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi.     (68-4654) 
Home  Office :    4,  Buckingham  Palace  Gardens,  London 

W.  C.  1,  England. 

MSCC  Missionary  Society  of  the  Anglican  Church  of  Canada 

(Nippon  Seiko  Kai)  (13) 

Field   Repr.:      Rev.   Cyril    H.   Powles,    c/o    Seikokai 

Shingakuin,   8   Tamagawa   Naka-machi,    Setagaya- 

ku,  Tokyo.     (701-0576) 

Home  Office:    600  Jarvis  St.,  Toronto  5,  Canada. 
General  Secretary :    Rev.  Canon  A.  H.  Davis 

MSL  Japan  Mission  of  the  Lutheran  Church— Mo.  Synod 

(Nihon  Luther  Kyodan)  (36) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  Richard  Meyer,  c/o  Toyko  Luther 
an  Center,  16,  1-chome,  Fujimi-cho,  Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo.  (261-5266) 

Home  Office:  210  North  Broadway,  St.  Louis,  Mis 
souri,  U.S.A. 

Executive  Secretary:    Dr.  H.  H.  Koppelmann 

NAB  North  American    Baptist   General   Mission    in   Japan 

(11) 

(Zai  Nippon  Hokubei  Baputesto  Sogo  Senkyodan) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Edwin  C.  Kern,  208  98,  Otani-cho, 

Tsu-shi,  Mie-ken.     (8-6579) 
Home  Office:    7380  Madison  St.,  Forest  Park,  Illinois, 

U.  S.  A. 
General  Missionary  Secretary:    Dr.  Richard  Schilke 


418  DIRECTORIES 

NAV  The  Navigators  (10) 

(Kokusai  Navigators) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Robert  T.  Boardman,  769-6  Kita- 

hara,    Minamizawa,    Kurume-machi,    Kitatama-gun, 

Tokyo.     (982-8649) 
Home  Office:    The   Navigators,  Box    1861,    Colorado 

Springs,  Colorado,  U.  S.  A. 
President:    Mr.  Lome  Sanny 

NEOM  Norwegian  Evangelical  Orient  Mission  (11) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Robert    W.    Gornitzka,    6    Machi- 

gashira,   Ishiki-gun,    Yotsukura-machi,    Fukushima- 

ken. 

Home  Office:    Mollergt.  20,  Oslo,  Norway. 
Repr.:    Rev.  Eirik  Platen 

NGM  North  German  Mission  (1) 

(Kita  Doitsu  Senkyo  kai) 
Miss  Hanna  Henschel,  217  Shimo    Renjaku,    Mitaka- 

shi,  Tokyo. 

NLL  New  Life  League  (6) 

(Shinsei  Undo  Kyoryokukai) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  A.  Andaas,  1736  Katayama,  Niiza- 

machi,  Kita  Adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken. 

(0424-71-1625) 

NLM  Norwegian  Lutheran  Mission  (22) 

(Nishi  Nippon  Fukuin  Luther  Kyokai) 
Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Kaare  Boe,  3,  2-chome  Nakajima- 

dori,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe-shi.     (22-3601) 
Home  Office:     Norwegian  Lutheran    Mission    (Norsk 

Luthersk  Misjonssamband)  Grensen  19,  Oslo,   Nor 
way. 

General  Sec. :    Mr.  Tormod  Vaagen 

NMA  The  Norwegian  Mission  Alliance  (5) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Abraham  Veraide,    1313,    2-chome, 

Shinden-cho,  Ichikawa-shi,  Chiba-ken. 
Home  Office :    The  Norwegian  Mission  Alliance,  Mun- 

chsgt.  9,  Oslo,  Norway. 
General  Sec. :    Paul  Walstad 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES 


419 


NMS  Norwegian  Missionary  Society 

(Kinki  Fukuin  Luther  Kyokai) 

Superintendent :      Rev.    Lars    Tjelle,    2  18,    Kamiike 

Kita,  Kawamo,  Takarazuka-shi,  Hyogo-ken. 

(6-2459) 

Home  Office:    Asylgaten  10,  Stabanger,  Norway. 
General  Sec.:    Johannes  Skauge 

NTC  Next  Towns  Crusade  (6) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Archie  Lee  Alderson,  1  19,  Chodo, 

Fuse-shi,  Osaka-fu.     (2  5242) 
Home  Office:    722  Marquette,    San    Antonio,    Texas, 

U.  S.  A. 

NTM  New  Tribes  Mission  (15) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  George  Bennett,  153  Kitano,  Tokoro- 

zawa-shi,  Saitama-ken. 

Home  Office:    Woodworth,  Wisconsin,  U.S.A. 
Chairman:     Kenneth  J.  Johnston 

OB  Onti  Brotherhood 

Omi  Hachiman,  Shiga-ken.     (Omi  Hachiman  3131) 

OBM  Oriental  Boat  Mission  (4) 

(Tokyo  Boto  Mission) 

Field  Rcpr.:    Rev.  Vincent  Gizzi,  281,  Monsen,  Yoko- 

yama,  Iwakuni-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken. 
Home  Office:    Box  428,  Chicago  90,  Illinois,  U.S.A. 
Executive  Sec. :    Rev.  H.  A.  Hermansen 

OBS  Open  Bible  Standard  Mission  (6) 

(Nippon  Open  Bible  Kyodan) 

Field  Rcpr.:    Rev.  Philard  L.    Rounds,    32,    3-chome, 

Kitamachi,  Shinohara,  Nada-ku,  Kobe-shi. 

PO  Box  31   (86  2664) 

OMF  Overseas  Missionary  Fellowship  (77) 

(Kokusai  Fukuin  Senkyodan) 
Field  Repr. :    Mr.  David  Hay  man,  49  Sawada,  Tsukuri- 

michi,  Aomori-shi.     (2  4620) 

Home  Office:    O.  M.  F.,  2  Cluny  Road,  Singapore  10. 
General  Director:    Mr.  J.  Oswald  Sanders 


420  DIRECTORIES 

OMS  The  Oriental  Missionary  Society  (16) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Wesley  L.  Wildermuth,  1477  Megu- 

rita,  Higashimurayama-shi,  Tokyo.     (0423-9-3071/2) 
Home  Office:    850  North  Hobart  Blvd.,  Los  Angeles 

29,  Calif.,  U.  S.  A. 
President:    Dr.  Eugene  A.  Erny 

OMSS  The  Orebro  Missionary  Society  of  Sweden  (17) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Helge  Jansson,  1-254,  Hiraoka-cho, 

Sakai-shi,  Osaka-fu. 
Home  Office:    Orebro  Missionsforening,  Skelgatan  11. 

Orebro,  Sweden. 
Secretary  for  Foreign  Missions :    Rev.  Yngve  Ydreberg 

OPC  Orthodox  Presbyterian  Church  (4) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kaikakuha  Kyokai) 
Chairman:    Rev.  R.  Heber  Mcllwaine,  19  Shinhama- 
cho,  Fukushima-shi.     (2-0587) 

PBA  Pacific  Broadcasting  Association  (7) 

Manager:  Mr.  Arthur  Seely,  1433  Setagaya-cho,  2- 
chome,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo.  (420-3166) 

PCC  The  Presbyterian  Church  in  Canada  (5) 

(Zainichi  Daikan  Kirisuto  Kyokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  John   Mclntosh,    200,    Shinonome- 

machi,  2-chome,  Higashi  Ku,  Osaka.     (761-8540) 
Home  Office:    The  Presbyterian  Church    in   Canada, 

General    Board   of   Missions,  63  St.    George  Street, 

Toronto,  5,  Ontario,  Canada. 
Secretary :     Rev.  E.  H.  Johnson 

PCM  Philadelphia  Church  Mission  (8) 

Field  Repr.:  Rev.  Harold  N.  Hestekind,  205  Ozato- 
cho,  Honmoku,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi.  (20-4688) 

Home  Office:  Philadelphia  Church,  7704-24  Ave.  N. 
W.,  Seattle,  Washington,  U.  S.  A. 

Secretary:    Rev.  Roy  Johnson 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  421 

PCUS  Japan  Mission    Presbyterian    Church    in    the    United 

States  (65) 

Associate  Member  of  the   Interboard    Committee   for 

Christian  Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan  &  Nihon  Kirisuto  Kaikakuha 

Kyokai) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  John  H.  Brady,    Jr.,    41    Kumochi- 

cho,  1-chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe-shi.     (23  8563) 
Home  Office:      PO    Box    330,    Nashville,    Tennessee 

37202,  U.S.A. 
Area  Sec.  for  Far  East:    Dr.  James  A.  Cogswell 

PEC  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  U.  S.  A.          (44) 

(Nippon  Seiko  Kai) 
Field  Repr.:     Rev.  Kenneth   E.  Heim,    48,    10-chome, 

Aoyama  Minami-cho,  Akasaka,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo. 

(Office:  408-3435/6,  Home:  811-1370) 
Home  Office:    Episcopal  Church  Center,  815    Second 

Ave.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  10017,  U.  S.  A. 
Director:    The  Rt.  Rev.  Stephen  F.  Bayne,  Jr. 

PEC  Independent-Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  U.  S.  A 

(IND)  (5) 

PF                      The  Pilgrim  Fellowship  (2) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.    Wilbur    Lingle,    112  Aza    Obari, 

Oaza  Takabari,  Itaka-cho,  Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya-shi. 
(70-1072) 

RCA  Board  of  World  Missions   of    the    Reformed    Church 

in  America  (34) 

Member  of  the  Interboard   Committee    for   Christian 

Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Theodore  Flaherty,  37- A,  Yamate- 

cho,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama.     (64-1183) 
Home  Office:     Room  1834,  The  Interchurch   Center, 

475  Riverside  Drive,  New  York,  New    York    10027, 

U.  S.  A. 
Secretary :    Dr.  J.  J.  Thomas 


422  DIRECTORIES 

Rp  Revival  Fellowship  (2) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  William  E.  Schubert,  2163  Karui- 

zawa,  Nagano-ken.     (2302) 
Home   Office:     Rev.   Fred    Ross,    President,    942    N. 

Jackson  St..  Glendale,  Calif.  91207,  U.  S.  A. 

RPM  The  Reformed  Presbyterian  Mission  in  Japan         (9) 

(Nippon  Kaikaku  Choro  Kyokai) 

Chairman :  Rev.  Donald  I.  Robb,  PO  Box  10,  Tarumi, 
Kobe-shi.  (Tarumi  2155) 

Home  Office:  1-39  Nakayamate-dori,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe- 
shi. 

Bus.  Mgr. :    Gene  Spear 

RSF  Japan  Committee  of  the  Philadelphia  Yearly  Meeting 

of  the  Religious  Society  of  Friends  (4) 

(Kirisuto  Yukai  Nippon  Nenkai) 

Field  Repr.:    Miss  Fumie  Miho,    c/o   Friend   Center, 
14,  1-chome,  Mita  Daimachi,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo. 
(451-0804) 

SA  The  Salvation  Army  (8) 

(Kyusei  Gun) 

Field  Repr.:    Commissioner  Charles  Davidson,  17,  2- 

chome,  Kanda  Jinbo-cho,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo. 

(261-7311/3) 

SAJM  Swiss  Alliance  Japan  Mission  (6) 

Field  Repr. :  Mr.  Paul  Schar,  Chikusa,  Kanai-machi, 
Sado-gun,  Niigata-ken.  (Kanai  2777) 

Home  Office:  Philafrikanische  und  Allianze-Mission, 
St.  Georgenstrasse  23,  Winterthur,  Switzerland 
Mr.  Eugen  Schmidt,  Secretary. 

SAMJ  Swedish  Alliance  Mission  in  Japan  (19) 

(Nippon  Domei  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Filip  Malmvall,  257-51  Kamoe-cho, 

Hamamatsu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken.     (3-5051) 
Home  Office:     Swedish   Alliance    Mission,    Box   530, 

Jonkoping  2,  Sweden. 
Sec.  for  Foreign  Mission :     Mr.  Erik  Wiberg 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES  423 

SB  Southern  Baptist  Convention  Foreign  Mission  Board 

(Nippon  Baptist  Renmei)  (139) 

Field  Repr.:     Rev.  George  H.  Hays,   Th.    D.,    350   2- 

chome,  Nishi  Okubo,  Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo. 

(351-2166) 
Home  Office:    Southern  Baptist  Convention   Foreign 

Mission  Board,  3806  Monument  Ave.,  Richmond  30, 

Virginia,  U.  S.  A. 
Executive  Sec. :    Dr.  Baker  James  Cauthen 

SBM  Swedish  Baptist  Mission  (8) 

Field  Repr. :    Rev.  Oscar  Rinell,  637  Shinzaike,  Himeji- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken.     (23-2052) 

SCO  Scandinavian  Christian  Doyukai  (6) 

(Nippon  Kirisuto  Doyukai) 

Field  Repr. :     Rev.   Harry    Thomsen,    Shin    Rei    San, 

Misawa,  Yamazaki,  Fukuroi-shi,  Shizuoka-ken. 

(Okazaki  100) 

SDA  Seventh-day  Adventiste  (24) 

(Nippon  Rengo  Dendo  Bukai) 

Field  Repr. :    Mr.  W.  T.  Clark,  164-2,  Onden,  3-chome, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo.     (401-3594) 

SEMJ  Swedish  Evangelical  Mission  in  Japan  (9) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.    Edvin    Bohlin,   273-33    Aza    Raiba 
Noboribetsu-cho,  Horobetsu-gun,  Hokkaido. 
(Horobetsu  182) 

Home  Office:    Brunnsgatan  4,  III,  Stockholm,  Sweden. 
Secretary:     Mr.  Paul  George  Svensson 

SEOM  Swedish   Evangelical  Orient  Mission  (7) 

Field  Repr.:     Rev.  Erik  Malm,  1675   Omiya,    Fujino- 
miya-shi,  Shizuoka-ken.     (4556) 

SFM  Swedish  Free  Mission  (22) 

Field  Repr.:     Mr.  John  Johnson,  122,  2-chome,  Iwama- 
cho,  Hodogaya-ku,  Yokohama-shi.     (43-0643) 


424  DIRECTORIES 

SOM  Slavic  and  Oriental  Mission  (1) 

Field  Rcpr. :    Mr.  Kinichiro  James  Endo,  C.  P.  O.  Box 

790,  Tokyo.     (866-6595/7) 
Home  Office :    P.  O.  Box  4363  G.  P.  O.  Sydney,  N.  S.  W., 

Australia. 
Director:    Dr.  Len  J.  Jones 

SPG  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  (13) 

(Nippon  Seikokai) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  David   M.  Chamberlain,    541   Juji- 
machi,  3-chome,  Odawara-shi,  Kanagawa-ken. 
(0465-22-8026) 

SSJE  Society  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist  (3) 

(Nippon  Seikokai) 

Field  Rcpr. :    Rev.  David  W.  H.  Clayton,  331  Koyama, 

Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo. 

(0424-71-0175) 

TBC  Tokyo  Bible  Center  (2) 

Field  Repr. :  Rev.  T.  Pietsch,  9-9,  2-chome,  Yakumo- 
machi,  Meguro-ku,  Tokyo.  (717-0746,  5147) 

Home  Office:  4616- 47th  St.  NW,  Washington  16  D.C., 
U.  S.  A. 

Mr.  Lloyd  Buchanan 

TEAM  The  Evangelical  Alliance  Mission  (158) 

(Nippon  Domei  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field   Repr.:     Rev.    Ralph   E.    Cox,    15-15,    3-chome 

Daisawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo.     (421-3442) 
Home  Office:    2845    W.    McLean   Ave.,    Chicago   47, 

Illinois,  U.S.A. 
General  Director:     Rev.  Vernon  Mortenson 

TEC  Tokyo  Evangelistic  Center  (6) 

(Tokyo  Fukuin  Senta) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Willis  Carrico,  1378    Higashimura- 

yama-machi,  Tokyo. 

Home  Office :    PO  Box  4,  Sierra  Madre,  Calif.,  U.  S.  A. 
Mr.  Robert  Browning,  Treasurer 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIETIES 


425 


TEL  Training  Evangelistic  Leadership  (2) 

Field  Repr.:     Rev.   John    H.   Rhoads,   769,   3-chome, 

Kitahara,    Minamizawa,    Kurume-machi,    Kitatama- 

gun,  Tokyo.     (0424-71-1527) 

UCBWM  United  Church  Board  for  World  Ministries  (78) 

Member  of  the  Interboard   Committee   for  Christian 

Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr.:     Rev.  William  P.  Woodard,  12  Gazenbo- 

cho,  Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo. 

(481-3516)    (Office  291-4231) 
Home  Office:     16th  Floor,  The   Interchurch   Center, 

475  Riverside  Drive,   New  York,  New  York    10027, 

U.  S.  A. 
Sec. :    Rev.  Paul  R.  Gregory 

UCC  Board  of  World  Mission    of   the    United   Church   of 

Canada  (40) 

Member  of  the  Interboard  Committee   for  Christian 

Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr.:    Rev.  Ian  MacLeod,  15  Shiomidai,  Otaru- 

shi,  Hokkaido.     (2-7542) 
Home  Office:    309  The  United  Church  House,  85  St. 

Clair  Ave.,  East,  Toronto  7,  Canada. 
Secretary:    Miss  Wilna  Thomas 

UCMS  Division  of  World  Mission   of    the    United    Christian 

Missionary  Society  (15) 

(Disciples  of  Christ) 
Member  of  the  Interboard   Committee   for   Christian 

Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Repr.:    Miss  Pauline   Starn,    60   Kozenji   Dori, 

Sendai-shi.     (22-7439) 
Home  Office:    222  South  Downey  Ave.,  Indianapolis, 

Indiana  46207,  U.  S.  A. 
Executive  Secretary  for  the  Department  of  East  Asia : 

Dr.  Joseph  M.  Smith 


426 
UMI 

UPC 


UPCM 


WEC 


WELS 


WFJCM 


DIRECTORIES 

Universal  Missions,  Inc.  (6) 

(Now  joined  with  General  Council  of  the  Assemblies 

of  God) 
(Nippon  Assemblies  of  God  Kyodan) 

Commission  on  Ecumenical   Mission    &    Relations    of 

the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States 

of  America  (53) 

Member  of  the  Interboard   Committee    for   Christian 

Work  in  Japan 
(Nippon  Kirisuto  Kyodan) 
Field  Rcpr.:    Rev.  Thomas  Grubbs,    242    Zaimokuza, 

Kamakura-shi,  Kanagawa-ken.     (0467-2-1720) 
Home  Office:     Room    932,    The    Interchurch   Center, 

475  Riverside  Drive,  New  York  10027,  U.  S.  A. 
Secretary:    Rev.  L.  Newton  Thurber 
United  Pentecostal  Church  Missionaries  (6) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Claude  M.  Thompson,  163  Yamate- 

cho,  Ashiya-shi.     (2-6669) 

The  Worldwide  Evangelization  Crusade  (15) 

(Sekai  Fukuin  Dendo  Dan) 
Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Kenneth  S.  Roundhill,  1-57,  Maru- 

yama,  Kitashirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto-shi. 
Home  Office:    Box  A,  Fort  Washington,  Pa.,  U.S.A. 
Secretary :    Mr.  Dave  Cornell 

Wisconsin  Evangelical  Lutheran  Synod  (3) 

(Luther  Fukuin  Kirisuto  Kyokai) 
Field  Rcpr. :    Rev.  Richard  M.  Seeger,   20,    2-chome, 

Tomisaka-cho,  Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo.     (811-8200) 
Home  Office:     1950  Emerald    St.,    San    Diego,    Calif, 

U.  S.  A. 

Exec.  Sec.:     Rev.  Edgar  Hoenecke 
Worldwide  Fellowship  with  Jesus  Christ  Mission     (1) 
Field    Repr.:      Miss    Susie    Thomas,    4399    Noikura, 
Ariake-cho,  Soo-gun,  Kagoshima-ken. 
Home  lOffice:      Worldwide    Fellowship    with    Jesus 

Christ  Mission,pBrandonville,  W.  Va.,  U.S.A. 
President:    Mr.  Park  Dennis 


MISSION  BOARDS  AND  SOCIR1IES 


427 


WC;M 


WH 


WM 


WMC 


WRPL 


WITMS 


wv 


World  Gospel  Mission  (2) 

Field  Repr. :     Rev.  David  A.  Kuba,  20  Nakamaru-cho, 
Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo.     (955-5497) 

World  Harvesters,  Inc.  (2) 

(Honda  Crusade) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  E.  Karnes,  Hanayama-cho,  1-chome, 

Nagata-ku,  Kobe-shi.     (PO  Box  1144,  Kobe) 
Home  Office:    PO  Box   259,    West    Hartford,   Conn., 

U.  S.  A. 
Director:    Sidney  Regnier 

American  Wesleyan  Mission  in  Japan  (4) 

(Immanuel  Sogo  Dendo  Dan) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.  William  Cessna,  11  Nakamaru-cho, 
Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo.     (955-5401) 

World  Missions  to  Children  (7) 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.    Phares   Huggins,    850   Tenjin-cho, 
Sasebo-shi,  Nagasaki-ken.     (2-6906) 


WRBCMS          Walworth  Road  Baptist  Church  Missionary  Society 

(1) 

Field  Repr.:    Miss  Florence  E.  Penny,  467  Oaza   Ai, 
Ibaraki-shi,  Osaka-fu.     (0262-3145) 

World  Revival  Prayer  League,  Inc.  (4) 

Director:    Mrs.  Margaret  K.  Ross,  8,  1-chome,  Azuma- 
bashi,  Sumida-ku,  Tokyo.     (622-5248) 

Woman's  Union  Missionary  Society  (8) 

Field  Repr.:     Miss    Mary   Ballantyne,    221    Yamate, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama-shi.     (64  3993) 

World  Vision,  Inc.  (2) 

Field  Repr. :     Rev.  Joe  R.  Gooden,    C.  P.  O.    Box  405, 
Tokyo.     (201  7604/5) 


WWM 


World  Wide  Missions 

Field  Repr.:    Mr.  Arthur  Asbill,  Furlough 


(2) 


428 


DIRECTORIES 


WSK  Young  Life  Crusade  of  Japan  (4) 

(Wakodo  Shinsei  Kai) 

Field  Repr.:    Rev.    Milten   Wayne,    17   Kumano-cho, 

4-chome,  Hyogo-ku,  Kobe-shi. 
YMCA  International  Committee  National  Council  YMCAs  of 

USA  &  Canada  (4) 

(Nihon  Zenkoku  YMCA  Domei) 
Field  Repr. :    Mr.  A.  Delmar  Wedel,  7-2,  Fujimi-cho, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo.     (261-4261) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


Aamodt,    Rev.   &    Mrs.    Conrad, 
ALC—  356,   Nagori-cho,    Hama- 
matsu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(71-1098) 


7  -  -t   -y    h 

Aaaland,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harold, 
ALC—  222,  Otowa-cho,  Shizu- 
oka-shi  (52-9078) 


7  -7.7  v  Y 

Abrahams,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Douglas 
J.,  OMF  -25-14,  4-chome,  Shiro- 
shita,  Hachinoe-shi,  Aomori-ken 

F?££iARifffeirF  4  rn  25-14 

7-77^2, 

Adams,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Evyn  (Joy), 
IBC  (MC)  8-chome,  Nishi  Ichi- 
jo,  Tsukisappu,  Sapporo-shi, 
Hokkaido  (86  4578) 


7  9'  A  ^ 

Adams,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Willis,  TEAM 
-  4-18,     5-chome,     Sakuradai, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo 
(991-2448) 

jji*iX$MiKf3tf?5TM  18-4 

~7  ?  A  X 

Ahtonen,  Miss  Hilda,  LEAF  -108, 
Kobinata  Suido-cho,  Bunkyo-ku 
Tokyo  (941-7659) 

n  inj 

7 


Alderson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Archie 
Lee,  NTC-1-19,  Chodo,   Fuse- 
shi,  Osaka 
(Furlough  until  Nov.  1964) 


-7  1\,  9'  -  y  v 

Alice,     Sister,     IND     (PEC)  -95, 
Tamade      Shimizu,      Odawara, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(23-7354) 


Allen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Arthur  G.,  IND 
1017,      1-chome,      Kugahara, 
Ota-ku,  Tokyo     (751-4211) 
(Furlough) 
HCtfffl5;*fflKX*-JgU  1017 

7  \/V 

Allen,  Rev.  F.  A.  Patrick,  MS— 
109,  Ito-machi,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe- 
(3  1696) 

109 


Allen,  Rev.  D.  E.,  SSJE— 331,  Ko- 
yama  Kurume-machi,  Kitatama- 
gun,  Tokyo  (0424-71-0175) 

Mil  331 
7  \s  V 

Allen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Philip,  TEAM 
—3460,  Yawata-cho,    Kannonji- 
shi,  Kagawa-ken 
(Furlough  until  Spring  1965) 
^Ffff  AIPJ-  3460 


430 


DIRECTORIES 


Allen,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     Shelton, 
FEGC-710,    Imazumi-cho,     7- 
chome,  Utsunomiya-shi,  Tochi- 
gi-ken 
(Furlough  June  1964-1965) 


Allen,  Miss  Thomasine,   ABFMS 
—  Kuji  Christian  Center 
Kuji-shi,  Iwate-ken 
(Kuji  25) 


Allum,  Miss  Iris,  IBC  (MC)    -75, 
Okada-machi,  Kumamoto-shi 
(4-4685) 


Almroth,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Harald, 
SFM— 1280,    1-chome,    Morino, 
Machida-shi,  Tokyo 
(Machida  4317) 

^fiMWEHrfTfSiflTS  128° 

T- AP -* 

Alsdorf,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Howard  A., 
LCA— 9-15,  Imagawa-machi,  1- 
chome,  Fukuoka-shi  (74-0497) 
iMrlf^JIIIHTlTB  1509 


Alve,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bjorn,  NMS 
(Furlough) 

Andars,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  A.,  NLL— 
1736,  Katayama,  Niiza-machi, 
Kita  Adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 

7v#~* 

Anderson,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    D.  W., 
MSCC— 2108-1,  Shimo-Komachi, 
Kasuga-Shinden,      Naoetsu-shi, 
Niigata-ken 
(Furlough  to  Summer  1965) 


2108-1  TV/^'-W 

Anderson,  Miss  Hjordis,  SBM— 
c/o  Rev.  Oscar  Rinell,  637, 
Shinzaike,  Himeji-shi,  Hyogo- 
ken 


O.  y  ^  —  fls~Jj  ~7  v  ?—  y 

Anderson,  Miss  Irene,  IBC(EUB) 
—56-3,  Kawatani,  Nishigo-mura, 
Nishi-Shirakawa-gun,  Fuku- 
shima-ken 


7V?— V V 

Anderson,  Mr.  &    Mrs.    Kenneth 
F.,  JFM— P.O.  Box  11,   Kashi- 
wara-shi,  Nara-ken 
(07441-3587) 


Althouse,  Miss  Sue,  IBC  (UPC) 
— 10,  Kami  Kakinokibatake, 
Kanazawa-shi,  Ishikawa-ken 

(2-1257) 

(Furlough  1964-1965) 


7  & 


7V?- v v 

Anderson,  Miss  Mildred,  JEM— 
645-1,  Tsuruma,  Fujimi-mura, 
Iruma-gun,  Saitama-ken 

_._-! 
7V  if 


LIS'I    OF  MISSIONARIES 


431 


Anderson,  Miss  Yvonne,  NAV  — 
769-6,  Kitahara,  Minamizawa, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (982-8649) 


769-6 


Andersson,    Mr.    &    Mrs.     Evert 
SFM     339,         Takabatake-cho, 
Kofu-shi,  Yamanashi-ken 
(6335) 


Andersson,  Miss  Martha,  ECC  — 
1111,  3-chome,  Kanai-machi, 
Karasuyama-cho,  Nasu-gun, 
Tochigi-ken 


1111 


7v?-v 


Andersson,  Miss  Thali,  SAMJ  — 
80,  Asumada-cho,  Toyohashi- 
shi,  Aichi-ken 


7v?—  y  v 

Anspach,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Parker,  Jr., 
ULCA    27,    Nobori-uchi-machi, 
Shugakuin,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-4682) 

27 


7  v  ?  -  y  v 

Andersson,  Miss  Karin,  MCCS  — 
31-2-chome,  Shinohara  Hon- 
machi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


Antholine,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  August, 
IND  -Sonoda-machi,  1-chome, 
Okura,  Yahata-Shi,  Fukuoka- 
ken 

fflWRAHm^jKBfflW  i  T0 
1091  7  y  y  y  v 

Anthony,       Miss       Janet        IBC 
(UCBWM)—  Interboard   House, 
2,      Higashi      Toriizaka-machi, 
Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(481-3325) 


7  V  h  -  >f 

Araujo,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Frank,  SDA 
—  Japan  Missionary  College, 
Sodegaura-machi,  Kimitsu-gun, 
Chiba-ken  (Sodegaura  18) 


Archer,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Sam,  TEAM 
—15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Se- 
tagaya-ku,  Tokyo 


Archibald,  Miss  Margaret,  PCUS 
~  Smythe  Hall,  Kinjo  College, 
Omori-cho,  Moriyama-ku,  Na- 
goya  (Moriyama  79-3053) 


Arnesen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Jacob,  PCM 
—69,  Zenma,  Isogo-ku,  Yoko 
hama 


7  - 


432 


DIRECTORIES 


Arnold,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ray  D., 
BBF— 3-328,  Nobuto-cho,  Chiba- 
shi  (41-1006) 

3-328     7  -  /  A'  K 


Arthur,  Miss  Wilma 

(Furlough  December  1964) 
Asbill,   Mr.  &  Mrs.   Arthur,   Jr., 

WWM  —  (Furlough) 
Askew,  Dr.  &  Mrs.  D.  Curtis,  SB 

—1535,   3-chome,    Asahi-machi, 

Fuchu-shi,  Tokyo 

(Fuchu  9170) 

3t#  W'tntT  $3  n  IHJ  3-1535 

7  *  =^  *.  ^ 
Askew,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Manfred  F., 

IND—  Mizuho-machi,          Nishi- 

tama-gun,  Tokyo 


Aspberg,  Mrs.  Ingrid,  SEOM  — 
141-15,  Ohito-machi,  Tagata- 
gun,  Shizuoka-ken 

falWJTOSfcttrinr  15-141 

7  *  "<  t\s  y 

Astalos,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Ronald, 
MSL—  126,    2-chome,    Nozawa- 
cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(414-7944) 
JKCfWttfflSraRFW  2-128 

7  ^  9  7  7* 

Attaway,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth  N 
(Ruth  M),  CEF--1599,  Higashi- 
kubo    Kamiarai,    Tokorozawa- 
shi,  Saitama-ken 
(0429)   22-4076 


Attebury,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Dudley, 
GFA— 52,  Nishinoya,  Honmoku, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama 


Auchenbach,  Miss  E.  Louise,  IBC 
(UCBWM)  —2-24,  Okaido- 

machi,    3-chome,     Matsuyama- 
shi,  Ehi-me-ken     (2-4136) 

fellj  rf?  ^cffiaiWr  3  Tg  24 
O  2  7^  >r  V  '*>  y  9 

Auman,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clyde,  IBC 

(MC)  —  7,  10-chome,  Daiko-cho, 
Higashi-ku,  Nagoya 
(73-7385) 


Autio,   Miss  Kerttu,    FFFM—  92, 

Higashi     Tenno-cho,     Okazaki, 

Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

M«&mi»lKSHT  92 

7  ^^-^ 
Autio,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Onni,   FFFM 

—92,   Higashi  Tenno-cho,  Oka 

zaki,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Auw,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Hugh,  C., 
MSL—  2,  1-chome,  Yamanote, 
Kotoni-machi,  Sapporo-shi,  Hok 
kaido  (2-3840) 

T@  2 


Axelsson,  Miss  Alva,  SFM 
(Furlough) 


7  ^  -t  fr  v 


LIS'I  OF  MISSIONARIES 


433 


Axelsson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Goesta, 
SFM  Jun  Fukuin  Kyokai,  1532, 
Niibashi,  Gotenba-shi,  Shizuoka- 
ken 

|ffi*  1532 


V  V 


Axelsson,  Mrs.  Martha 
(Furlough) 


-t  /u  V 


Axelsson,  Miss  Mary,  SAMJ— 
P.  O.  Box  4,  Tenryu-shi,  Shizu- 
oka-ken 


7  9  -fe  /u  V  v 

Ayabe,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Henry,  FEGC 
—  133,  Hana  Koganei  1-chome, 
Kodaira-shi,  Tokyo 

a  133 


H 


Bade,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Alfred  T., 
IND—  Fussa  Bethel  Church, 
1101,  Kumagawa,  Fussa,  Nishi- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 

1101 


Bade,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clyde  E.,  IND 
—Fussa  Bethel  Church,  1101, 
Kumagawa,  Fussa,  Nishitama- 
gun,  Tokyo 


Bahler,  Miss  Margrit  OMF  — 
Minami  1-chome,  Higashi  2-  jo, 
Sunagawa-shi,  Hokkaido 


Bailey,  Miss  Hazel,  AMM  c/o 
Morita,  140,  Nanryo-cho,  3- 
chome,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka 


Baker,    Miss    Elsie    M.,    CMS— 
Poole  Gakuin,  5-chome,  Katsu- 
yama-dori,  Ikuno-ku,  Osaka 
(741-7005) 


Baker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  K.(  OMF 
(Furlough) 

Baker,  Miss  Margaret  Ruth,  IBC 
(UCQ—  Interboard  House, 
2,      Higashi      Toriizaka-machi, 
Azabu  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(481-3325) 

B  2 


Baker,  Miss  Martha,  IBC  (UCC) 
—  15,    4-chome,    Miyamae-cho, 
Kofu-shi,  Yamanashi-ken 
(3-5451) 


434 


DIRECTORIES 


Baker,  Mrs.  Myrtle,  IND—  Shimo- 
hoya,  Hoya-machi,  Kitatama- 
gun,  Tokyo 

265 


Baldwin,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Walter  P., 
PCUS—  1-31,     Maruya-cho,     4- 
chome,  Showa-ku,  Nagoya 
(84-4170) 

1  4  T  El  31 


*:  -  ^  K  >>  4  v 

Baldwin,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    W.    W., 
MSCC— 882-3-chome,         Chita- 
machi,  Hiroshima-shi 
(4-5775) 
(Furlough  to  Summer  1965) 


Banks,   Captain   &  Mrs.   William 
(Muriel),  SA -1039,   Wadahon- 
machi,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(261-7311) 

lflMB&3feKftffi#Rr  1039 

sZ  V  9  ^ 

Barber,  Miss  Desley,  OMF— 62-5, 
Miyuki-cho,  Shizunai-machi, 
Shizunai-gun,  Hokkaido 

-62 


Barker,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert, 
(Kiyoko).IBC  (UPC)— Nishi  6- 
chome,  Kita  7-jo,  Sapporo-shi, 
Hokkaido  (71-3770) 


Bale,    Mrs.    Marie    F.,    (Ph.   D.) 
IBC  (MC)—  I.C.U.,  1500,  Osawa, 
Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  3-3131) 

1500  I.C.U.  ft 


Ballantyne,  Miss  Mary,  WUMS 
—221,  Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku, 
Yokohama  (64-3993) 


Bandel,  Miss  Elizabeth,  IBC(MC) 
—3  of  341,  Fujimagari,  Oyama- 
cho,  Sunto-gun,  Shizuoka-ken 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

341  o  3 


Barksdale,  Rev.  John  O.  (Ph.  D.) 
&  Mrs.  Virginia,  PCUS—  I.  C.  U., 
1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  3-3131) 

1500  I.C.U.  fl 


Barnes,  Mr.  Glenn,  IND-  2163, 
Karuizawa-machi,  Nagano-Ken 
(Karuizawa  2302) 


Barnhart,    Miss    Esther,     LCA— 
Jiai-en,    320,   Kuwamizu-machi, 
Kumamoto-shi     (4-1981) 
320    m^W 

x«y^%-  h 


LlS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


435 


Barns,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  A.  Donald, 
WEC—  Seiyoshino  Kirisuto  Kyo- 
kai,  Tsuchita,  Oyodo-cho,  Yoshi- 
no-gun,  Nara-ken 


Barns,    Miss   Helen,  IBC  (MC)  — 
Seibi  Gakuen,  124,  Maita-machi, 
Minami-ku,  Yokohama 
(School  73-2861) 
(Home    73-2864) 

124 


Barrett,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clifford  E., 
IFG-  (Furlough) 

Bartel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Jonathan  H., 
MBM  —12-59,  Sompachi-cho, 
Ikeda-shi,  Osaka  (6-8969) 

if/  *#wi  59-12 


Barthold,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Stanley, 
TEAM  -3203,  Ami-machi,  Ina- 
shiki-gun,  Ibaragi-ken 
(Ami  225) 


^  —  y  ;i>  K 

Bascom,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  G.  E., 
(Maxine)  IBC  (MC)—  12,  Moto- 
Daiku-machi,  Hirosaki-shi,  Ao- 
mori-ken  (2-4842) 


Baskerville,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David, 
LCA  139,  Higashi  Tamagawa- 
cho,  Setagaya-ky,  Tokyo 


Batek,  Miss  Joyce,  NAB-  352,  1- 
chome,    Futamata-cho,    Ise-shi, 
Mie-ken     (8-4846) 
(Furlough  till  Feb.  1965) 
Hm&fWffi-fSW  1  T0  352 
^T  y  9 

Bauman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Elmer,  JEM 
(Furlough  until  Aug.  1965) 

Baynes,    Rev.    Simon    H.,  CMS— 
8,    Tamagawa,    Naka-machi,  2- 
chome,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(701-0575/6) 


Beabout,  Miss  Florence,  CBFMS 
—P.  O.  Box  66,  Sendai-shi, 
Miyagi-ken 


66 


Beatty,  Miss  Judy  N.,  IBC  (MC) 
—  c/o  Amakawa,  113,  Tono- 
yama-cho,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (3-5150) 


Beavan,  Miss  Dorothy,  OMF 
(Furlough  until  Oct.  1964) 

Beck,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carl  (Esther), 
JMM     352,      2-chome,      Nishi- 
Okubo,  Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
(351-3562) 

TM  352 

*<v  9 


436 


DIRECTORIES 


Beck,   Mr.  &  Mrs.  G.,   LM—  9  of 
5380,  Izumi-cho,   Naka  Minato-   | 
shi,  Ibaragi-ken 
&$Pa#|SJ$m-SiWr  5380-9 

*<y  9 

Beck,  Miss  Naomi,  IBC  (UCMS) 
—  Interboard  House,  2,  Higashi- 
Toriizaka-machi,  Azabu,  Minato 
ku,  Tokyo  (481-3325) 


Becker,    Miss   Blanche,   EFCM— 
34,  Sandan  Nagamachi,  Matsu- 
gasaki,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-2966) 


Beckman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David  L., 
NTM  -Otaraji,  Udetsu-machi, 
Noto-machi,  Fugeshi-gun,  Ishi- 
kawa-ken 


Beckman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  George 
(Ethel),  CnC—  79,  Kamizono- 
cho,  Koyoen,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken 

79 


Beecken,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Herbert 
(Dorothy),  IBC  (UCBWM)—  12, 
Annaka,  Annaka-shi,  Gunma- 
ken  (8-0721) 

12 


Beckon,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Gifford,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Bee,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William,  JEB— 
11,  5-chome,  Shiomidai-cho,  Su- 
ma-ku,  Kobe  (7-5651) 


Belknap,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.,  IND— 
Gospel  Bible  Correspondence 
School,  138,  Shibazaki-cho,  4- 
chome,  Tachikawa-shi,  Tokyo 


7 


Bell,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  M.  John,  NTC 
(Furlough  from  July  1964) 

Bell,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Otis  (Earlene)  , 
IBC  (MC)  —  8-chome,  Nishi  1- 
jo,  Tsukisappu-cho,  Sapporo- 
shi,  Hokkaido  (72-1638) 


Benedict,  Mr.    &   Mrs.    Paul   W., 
CCI  —  Hikino-cho,      Fukuyama- 
shi,  Hiroshima-ken 
(Furlough) 


Benner,    Mr.    &   Mrs.    Patterson 
(Gretchen),  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1963-65) 

Bennett,  Miss  Ethylen,  GFA—  64, 
Midorigaoka,  Honmoku,  Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama  (64-8812) 


LIS'l   OF  MISSIONARIES 


437 


Bennett,   Mr.  &  Mrs.  George  E., 

NTM-153,     Kitano,     Tokoro- 

zawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 

iftiHW^rfiMfclf  153     ^t^h 
Bennett,  Mr.  J.  Kenneth,  NTM 

(Furlough) 

Bennett,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  E.  Preston, 
SB   -12/7,  2-chome,  Nishi-machi, 
Nakajima,  Oita-shi 
(2  7080) 

TII7-12 


Benson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bennie 
(Dottie),  CBFMS  -2557,  Koide, 
Nagai-shi,  Yamagata-ken 

/J>Hl  2557 


lienzinger,     Miss    Esther,    LM  — 
935,  Kugahara,  Ota-ku.  Tokyo 


-•<  V  "/    J    V  *J*  t\s 

Berendt,  Mr.  Erich  A.,  LCA  c/o 
I.C.U.  1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi, 
Tokyo 


Berg,  Miss  Ethel,  TEAM  -1433, 
2-chome,  Kitazawa,  Setagaya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (420  3166) 

-1433 


Bergeld,  Miss  Sofia,  SFM  -3873-1, 
Kamiyoshida,  "Fuji  Yoshida-shi, 
Yamanashi-ken 

K03873 

K 


Bergh,  Rev-  &  Mrs.  Earl,  LCA  - 
5888,  Tatenobori-machi,   Toku- 
yama-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(2-5146) 


Btrjfh,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Oliver,  ALC 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Bergman,  Miss  Gerda  O.,  UPC 
(Korea-Retired)  —  72-3-chome, 
Naka-dori,  Nishi-ku,  Ube-shi, 
Yamaguchi-ken  (2-0252) 

rW  3  T  1  1  72 


Bergt,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Elmer    J., 
MSL  —  239-A,        Yamate-cho, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
(64-1296) 

239-A 


Beat,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Sydney,  FEGC 
-82-7,  Yamashita-cho,  Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama  (64-3877) 


Betts,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Joe  D.,  CC  - 
4080,  Omika,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibara- 
gi-ken  (2251) 


Bettachen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wm.  D., 
ACPC  (Furlough  May  1964) 

Bickerton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  F.E.,  NLL 
(Furlough) 


438 


DIRECTORIES 


Billow,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William  D., 
LCA  560,  4-chome,  Yatsu- 
machi,  Narashino-shi,  Chiba-ken 
(7  1940) 

FHIIW&ffrfjSjW  4  Tl  1  56° 
h'  P  ~ 

Hills,  Miss  Barbara,  OMF  Kome- 
cho,  Nishi-Tsugaru-gun,  Ajiga- 
sawa-machi,  Aomori-ken 


Bishop,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Dan  M., 
BMMJ  (Furlough) 

Bishop,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harry,  INI) 
---67,  Hirosawa-cho,  llama  - 
matsu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 


L'  \/  a    -y  -/ 

Bixler,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  O.  D.,  CC  - 
2-5,  Surugadai,  Kanda,  Chiyoda- 
ku,  Tokyo 


Blacks  tone,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bernard, 
UMI  (Furlough  from  July 
1964) 

Blackwood,  Miss  Janet,  CEF—  15- 

4-chome,  7  Banchi,  Midori-cho, 

Tokorozawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 

«;  WHTriKiljW  4TI-1  7»  15 

y'  7  y  9  •>  -y  K 

Blair  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Howard,  FEGO 

556-1,  Minamisawa,  Kurume- 

machi,  Kitatania-gun,  Tokyo 

(Tanashi  71  7258) 


5561 


Blalock,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John  R. 
(Mary  E.),  BDM—  55,  Mame- 
guchidai,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 


7*  7  P   -y  9 

Blevins,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clifton, 
EFGO  111,  Hakuraku,  Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama 

(49  9017) 


Blocksom,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James, 
EFCM  1936,  3-chome,  Nishi 
Bessho,  Urawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 
(2-3601) 

.^Jil'rUilifWil/i^yiJifr  3  T0  1936 
•??  ->  9  y  y 

Blosser,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Eugene, 
(Luella),  JMM  23-45,  Fuku- 
zumi-cho,  Sapporo-shi,  Hokkai 
do  (86-1933) 

-23 


Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ron,  IND— 
724-B,Kawasaki,  Hamura-machi, 
Nishitama-gun,  Tokyo 

B 


Boardman,   Rev.    &  Mrs.   Robert 
R.,       NAV-  769-6,       Kitahara, 
Minamizawa,       Kurume-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(982-8649) 

iKtfffls  ,it^*-(ip  ^ffl^wr 

ffii  769-6 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


439 


Boatwright,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  Claude 
S.,    SB     11-98,     Tsutsumi-dori, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(22-0239) 
ftWRMlltfJifTttHffi  098-11 

&  -  h  7  4  h 

Boc,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Kaare  (Astrid), 
NLM     3,       Nakajima-dori,      2- 
chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22  6956) 


Bonnes,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Nils  (Sig- 
frid),  NLM  -8,  Nakajima-dori, 
2-chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22-3601) 

2T||8 


Bogard,  Miss  F.  Belle,  IBC(RCA) 
—  Kobe  Jogakuin,  Okadayama, 
Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(5  1020) 


rftf-  K 

Bohlin,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Edvin,  SEMJ 
-  273-33,  Aza  Raiba  Nobori- 
betsu-cho,  Horobetsu-gun,  Hok 
kaido  (Horobetsu  182) 
jkffimBlJff&ffllRP?**  273- 
33  #--  !)  v 

liollinger,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  E., 
ABFMS  1266,  Oyama,  Gino- 
wan-son,  Okinawa  (099  2312) 
1266 


Bond,     Miss    Dorothy,     FEGC 
Kami-cho,  Oyama-shi,  Tochigi- 
ken 

Jrf]±WJ  1938       rf?y  K 


Bonnema,  Miss  Beth  Joanne,  IBC 
(RCA)—  37,  Yamate-cho,  Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama     (64-1183) 
37 


Bonson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John  C.,  IND 
11,    Nakamura-cho,    Itabashi- 
ku,  Tokyo     (955-5401) 


Book,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Doyle  C. 
(Thelma),  BIC—  1179,  Higashi- 
Fukagawa,  Nagato-shi,  Yama- 
guchi-ken  (Nagato  6577) 


-f  v  9 

Borchert,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harold, 
PCUS—  6,  1-chome,  Kokonoe- 
cho,  Gifu-shi  (2  4701) 


Rev.  &  Mrs.  Peter,  PCM 
—  Nishino-machi,         Naka-cho, 
Kagamigahara-shi,  Gifu-ken 
(82-2314) 


Bor^man,  Mrs.  Feme,  GYF 

(Furlough) 
Boring,  Miss  Hannah  Ruth,  FEAM 

(Furlough) 


440 


DIRECI  OKIES 


Boschman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul  W, 
GCMM   -448-3,      Hosono,      Ko- 
bayashi-shi,  Miyazaki-ken 
(658) 

3-448 


Best,  Miss  Ethel,  IBC  (MC)  — 
Kwassui  Junior  College,  16, 
Higashi  Yamate-machi,  Naga- 
saki-shi  (2-6955) 


Bouwman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hans,  IND 
-2863,  Nishihara,   Sakura-cho, 
Utsunomiya-shi,  Tochigi-ken 


Bowen,  Miss  Virginia,  CBFMS— 
20,  Hiyori-cho,  Ishinomaki-shi, 
Miyagi-ken  (2-5288) 


Bower,  Miss  Esther  S.,  FKK-63- 
1,  Showa-cho,  Hamadera,  Sakai- 
shi,  Osaka  (Sakai  6-0019) 


Bower,   Miss   Marian   B.,  FKK— 
30,  Ochiai,  Kurume-machi,  Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  7-0022) 


Bowman,  Miss  Isabel  M.,  OMF — 
7-jo,  5-chome,  Misono,  Sapporo- 
shi,  Hokkaido 
(Furlough  from  April  1965) 


Bowman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John,  ALC 
—  205,  Kajiya,  Yugawara-machi, 
Kanagawa-ken  (3408) 

205 


Boyle,    Rev.   &   Mrs.   William  P., 
PCUS—  27,     Nakamaegawa-cho, 
1-chome  Tokushima-shi 
(2-7842) 


Boyles,  Mr.  Dale,  TEAM 

(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Boyum,  Miss  Bernice  C.,  ALC  - 
3-chome,  Nakagawa-cho,  Shima- 
da-shi,  Shizuoka-ken  (2680) 


Bradburn,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  C.  L.,  AG 
—  57,  4-chome,  Kita-machi, 
Shinohara,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


-f  ?  -y  K  ^  -  y 

Bradford,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Leo  Galen, 
SB—  Baptist     Dormitory,     643, 
Aza  Sakashita,  Osawa,  Mitaka- 
shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  4-4367) 


LIS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


441 


Hradshaw,    Rev.   &    Mrs.   Melvin 
J.,    SB  -938,     Waseda,'  Ushita- 
machi,  Hiroshima-shi 
(2  6898) 


7r  7v  K  v"  3  - 

Brady,    Mr.    &  Mrs.  John  H.  Jr., 
PCUS    41,      Kumochi-cho,      1- 
chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22-1656) 


7*  ix  -  x  -f 

Brandt,    Miss  A.  J.  E.,  JRM  -726, 
Yamate-ku,  Saiki-shi,  Oita-ken 


Brannen,   Rev.  &  Mrs.   Noah   S., 
ABFMS—  (Furlough) 

Brannen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  T.A.,  TEAM 
68,    Shoofuu-en,     Hiroji-cho, 
Showa-ku,  Nagoya 


7  7  V  ^  V 

Branstad,    Mr.    Karl    E.,    PEC— 
Rikkyo  Daigaku,  3-chome,  Ike- 
bukuro,  Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
(983  0111) 


7  7  V  X  *   v    h 

Braun,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Neil,  (Mary) 
AAM—  34,  4-chome,  Hakuro- 
machi,  Yonago-shi,  Tottori-ken 
4  TM  34 


Bray,  Rev.  William,  Ph.  D.,  & 
Mrs.  Frances,  IBC(MC)-No.  9, 
Kwansei  Gakuin,  Nishinomiya- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken  (5-0476) 

K  No.  9 


Bremer,     Rev.     &    Mrs.     Joseph 
(Betty),     IBC      (UCMS)—  343, 
Nishi   22-chome,    Minami    6-jo, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(23-2801) 


Bretach,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  V.  L.,  SDA 
—164,  Onden  3-chome,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (401-1171) 

164 


Breunsbach,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  Daniel 

K.,  LCA 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 
Bridgman,   Mr.  &  Mrs.   John  F., 

PCUS  -1927,  Ikuno-machi,  Zen- 

tsuji-shi,  Kagawa-ken 

(Zentsuji  397) 


7*  y  y  $  -7  y 

Brinjferud,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Gote, 
MCCS  -360  Aminohama,  Oka- 
yama-shi     (2  9672) 
l«j  1  1  1  1  1  J  fiS  '  ?R  360     -7  V  v  >f  >\,  K 

Brink,  Miss  Suzanne  H.,  IBC 
(RCA)—  890-1,  Aza,  Kamino- 
hara,  Toroku,  Oe-machi,  Kuma- 
moto-shi  (4  1995) 

^OliTt  1  <V  890 
7  y  y  ? 


442 


DIRECTORIES 


Broman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David,  IND 
Broman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul 
Broman,  Mr.  Philip 

16,     Hachiyaura,     Yamoto-cho, 

Miyagi-ken 


•/  n  -  -7  y 

Brook,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David,  TEAM 
—2380,  Araya,  Miyata-cho,  Hi- 
tachi-shi,  Ibaragi-ken 

3c«fc0£rUEfflwr7iis  238° 

•f  fr  y  7 

Brooks,  Miss  Anne  Page,  IBC 
(MQ—  Kwassui  Junior  College, 
16,  Higashi  Yamate-machi, 
Nagasaki-shi  (2-6955) 


Brooks,  Mrs.  Olive,  IBC  (MC)- 
Apt.  #1,  11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (408-1915) 

jKfiHBJftSK&iwr  11 

-7  fr  -;  9  7* 

Brown,  Miss  Dulice  E.  L.,  SPG 
—  827,  Kadota-bunka-cho,  Oka- 
yama-shi 


-f  ^  V  v 

Brown,  Dr.  Frank  A.,  Jr.,  M.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  PCUS  -21-1696,  Taru- 
mi,  Suita-shi,  Osaka 
(381-0963) 

1696-21 

-7  7  V  V 


Brown,  Miss  Merrill  E.,  IBC 
(UCC)  —25,  Nishi-Kusabuka- 
cho,  Shizuoka-shi  (53-0988) 


Brown,  Miss  Mildred,  IBC  (UPC) 
—  Hokusei    Gakuin,    Nishi     17- 
chome,    Minami    5-jo,  Sapporo- 
shi,  Hokkaido     (22-4276) 
(Furlough  Dec.  '63-Dec.  '64) 

Jt^.l^LKrfrm  5  -£:M  17  r^ 

•?7*7V 

Brown,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert  E., 
ASC—  Christ's  Children's  Home, 
Nagase,  Saiki-shi,  Oita-ken 


Brown,  Mr.  Robert  L.,  Jr.,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Brown,  Miss  Thelma  J.,  OMF— 
54,  Sakae-machi,  Itayanagi-cho, 
Kita-Tsugaru-gun,  Aomori-ken 
(Furlough  until  Oct.  1964) 

54 


Browne,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  M.,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Browning,      Mr.    &     Mrs.     Neal, 
TEAM—  1-2147,   Konohana-cho, 
Sakaide-shi,  Kagawa-ken 
(5207) 

2147-1 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


443 


Brownlee,    Rev.  &  Mrs.    Wallace      Brunshweiler,    Rev.   Walter,  IND 


(Helen),  IBC  (EUB)  -4,  1- 
chome,  Nishi  Yayoi-cho,  Toma- 
komai-shi,  Hokkaido  (3408) 

4t#ii£/h#rra»£Hr  i  TB  4 

-?'  7  '>  v  'J  - 

Bruce,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  Carrol, 
SB—  747,  Minamino,  Tatsumi- 
Kakiuchi,  Itami-shi  (3319) 


Bruggen,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Glenn 
(Phyllis),  IBC  (RCA)—  11  of  9, 
Ohori,  2-chome,  Fukuoka-shi 
(74-0017) 


Bruinooge,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Henry, 
CRJM—  2151-161,  Moto-Furu- 
ichibabun,  Fukuoka-machi,  Iru- 
ma-gun,  Saitama-ken 


2151-161 

Bruner,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Glen  Edith, 
ABCC  164,  Sakurababa,  Naga- 
saki-shi 

(3-1121,  2-5913) 
164 


Bruna,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert,  IBC 
(EUB)  —956,  Osawa,  Mitaka- 
shi,  Tokyo 


—  18,      3-chome,      Shin-machi, 
Fuchu-shi,  Tokyo 


Brustad,  Miss  Aslaug,  NEOM— 
41,  Sekifune,  Joban-shi,  Fuku- 
shima-ken 

41 

•-,  K 


Bruun,  Miss  Anna,  FCM  (Assoc) 
(Furlough  from  May  1964) 

Bryngelson,   Miss  Berith,   MCCS 
—  Izumiso,    18-2-chome,   Shino- 
hara  Nakamachi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(86-3422) 
^pifTi$Kf&IftW2Tn  18 

y;  -yyy  y 

Brynte,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Torsten,  ECC 
(Furlough) 

Buckland,  Miss  Ruth,  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

Buckwalter,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ralph 
(Genevieve),  JMM  -Obihiro- 
shi,  Nishi  7-jo,  Minami-17, 
Hokkaido  (3282) 

17      @ 


Budd,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John,  JEM— 
3,  4-chome,  Shimonakajima, 
Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata-ken 


K 


444 


DIRECTORIES 


Budd,   Mr.  &  Mrs.  Howard,  IND 
1565,  Sumiyoshi-cho,  Abeno-ku, 
Osaka     (691-2231) 
*BR7fjRa&8FK£«T  1565 

'*  y    K 

Buell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bart,  OMF 
(Furlough  until  Oct.  1964) 

Burnett,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Larry, 
BBF—  160-40,  Fukuzumi-cho, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 


Burney,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Don  (Norma), 
CnC  21,  Nakano  Otani  Noichi- 
cho,  Kami-gun,  Kochi-ken 


Butler,  Rev.  Lucius,  BGC—  475, 
Kushimoto-cho,  Nishimuro-gun, 
Wakayama-ken  (718) 

475 


Buttray,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Stanley, 
CnC—  2-575,       Kamiochiai       2- 
chome,  Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
(361-6056) 

2  TF1  575 


Byers,  Miss  Florence,  AG—  1-1743, 
Aza      Tesaki       Sumiyoshi-cho, 
Higashinada-ku,  Kobe 
(85-3803) 

1743- 


Bush,    Dr.   &   Mrs.   Ovid   B.,    Jr. 
PClls  -  981-39,        Ojinoyama 
Shinohara,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(86-4357) 

39-981 


Buss,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bernard,  TEAM 
15-15,  3-chome,   Daizawa,  Se- 
tagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Il  15-15 


Buss,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     Siegfried, 
TEAM—  15-15,    3-chome,     Dai 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
itt  »i  (  flP  Ht  m  ?f  K  f  ^  3  T  [115-15 


Cain,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Benson,  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

Cairns,  Mr.  Ronald  S.,  IND—  3, 
Kasuga-cho,  Katsura,  Ukyo-ku, 
Kyoto 


Calcote,    Rev.    &   Mrs.  Ralph  V., 
SB—  27,     3-chome,     Otana-cho, 
Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya 
(75-4140) 

%&m^n%wmw  3  rn  27 

*  /U  3  -    b 

Caldwell,     Mrs.   S.   L.,    IND—  65, 

Wakamatsu-cho,    Hakodate-shi, 
Hokkaido 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


445 


Call,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edward,  JCG 
—204,  Shimomaruko,  Ota-ku, 
Tokyo 


CarlsHon.  Miss  Astrid,  MCCS— 
Ajino,  Kojima-shi,  Okayama-ken 
(72-2024) 


Callaway,  Rev.  Tucker  N.,  Th.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  SB-79,  Higashida-cho, 
Jodoji,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(77-6727) 


Calvery,     Mr.    &    Mrs.     Wesley, 
FWBM—  70,  Mitsuhashi,  Bihoro- 
cho,  Abashiri-gun,  Hokkaido 
(Bihoro  2291) 

(Furlough  from  Dec.   1964    to 
Jan.  1966) 

ttWMjfemmrHfl  70 

•hfr'i  !J  - 

Campbell,  Miss  Vera,  SB-1  1-798, 
Nishishin-machi,  Fukuoka 
(82-5014) 


Cann,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  A.,  UPCM 
(Furlough) 

Cannon,  Miss  Mary,  SB 
(Furlough  until  April  1965) 

Carey,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  E.  F.  (Jean), 
IBC  (UCQ—  4  of    7,   5-chome, 
Denenchofu,  Ota-ku,  Tokyo 
(721-4897) 


Carlson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert,  JEM 
(Furlough  until  May  1965) 


Carlsson,     Rev.     &     Mrs.    Carl, 
(Ake),  OMSS 
(Furlough  until  1964) 

Carrel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William  L., 
CC—  2533,  2-chome,  Hon-machi, 
Koganei-shi,  Tokyo  (8-3796) 
#ffi#W  2  TH  2533 


Carrick,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Malcolm 
(Jean)  IBC  (UPC)  —257,  Nagori- 
cho,  Hamamatsu-shi,  Shizuoka- 
ken  (2-1765) 

257 


Carrico,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Willis,  TEC 
—1378,  Higashimurayama-shi, 
Tokyo 


Carroll,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Joseph,  IND 
—  2252,  Karuizawa-machi,  Naga 
no-ken 

2252 


Carroll,  Miss  Sallie,  IBC  (MC)  — 
Seiwa  Joshi  Daigaku,  Okada- 
yama,  Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo- 
ken  (5  0709) 


446 


DIRECTORIES 


('arson,    Miss    Virginia    M,    IBC 
(UCBWM) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Carter,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ted  (Joyce), 
CBFMS  -137,     2-chome,      Ma- 
bashi,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(311  6081) 

137 


Carter,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Anthony  A., 
IBC  (UCBWM)— 8  of  6,  1- 
chome,  Oji  Hon-cho,  Kita-ku, 
Tokyo  (911-5262) 

•h~*- 

Cary,  Mr.  O.  &  Mrs.  (Dr.)  (Alice), 
IBC  (UCBWM) 

(Furlough    from    Jan.    1964   to 
Jan.  1965) 

Casson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Eric  W.,  MS 
— 194-3,  Yamashita-dori,   Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama     (68-3792) 
Si  194-3 


Cederholm,  Miss  Margit,  TEAM 
— 1603,  Omiya-cho,  Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo  (311  0204) 

&iM#&P?;*;?W  1603 

-fe  ^  —  *  fr  A 

Cessna,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William,  WM 
— 11,  Nakamaru-cho,  Itabashi- 
ku,  Tokyo  (955-5401) 


Chamberlain,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David 
M.,  SPG— 541,  3-chome,  Juji- 
machi,  Odawara-shi,  Kanagawr- 
ken  (Odawara  22-8026) 


541  *v*yx*l/>f  y 

Chamberlain,  Miss  Phyllis,  TEAM 
— 1190,  Karuizawa-machi,  Naga 
no-ken 

3-x.VAW 

Chandler,   Miss  Mary  F.,  SPG— 
1046,  Hiratsuka  7-chome,  Shina- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo     (781-4736) 
(will  retire  end  of  1964) 
^OT5M?iJIIKW£7T0  1046 

*•  *  y  K  9  - 

Chandler,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Raymond, 
TEAM— 30,     Ochiai,     Kurume- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  7-0022) 
^OT.|b£S&f!B&f?2W$?'a  30 

*•  *  y  K  9  - 

Chandler,  Rev.    &    Mrs.    Vernon 
(Marian),    ABWE— P.  O.    Box 
393    Kobe,    11,    Nakajima-dori, 
3-chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22-0537) 


*•  *  y  K  7 

Chapman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  G.  K. 
(Katharine),  IBC  (UPC)— 2850, 
Sanno  1-chome,  Omori,  Ota-ku, 
Tokyo  (771-0455) 

JfCMfcfcffl  K^:^  ai  5  IT  n  2850 


LIST  OF  MISSION  ARIES 


447 


Chase,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Manley,  TEAM 
—106,  2-chome,  Nakai-cho, 
Matsudo-shi,  Chiba-ken 

106 


Childere,  Miss  Loeta,  UMI 

(Furlough) 

Chinnock,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  E.  R.,  SDA 
-164,   Onden  3-chome,   Shibu- 
ya-ku,  Tokyo     (401-1171) 
ff!£fB&SKBffi3TE  164 

3-S  v  9 

Chisholm,   Mr.   &  Mrs.  John  M., 
OMF-49,     Sawada,     Tsukuri- 
michi,  Aomori-shi 
49 


Chrisander,  Miss  Greta,  SFM 
(Furlough) 

Chriatensen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ernest, 
CMSJ  -382,  Sakawamachi,  Oda- 
wara-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Odawara  47  3283) 
W£lll'tt'hffl!£rfjn*{£jfflT  382 

^  y  x  7-  v  -t  v 

ChriHtenson,  Miss  L.,  ACPC—  57, 
Akasaka-cho,  5-chome,  Chigusa- 
ku,  Nagoya 

57 


Christopher-son,    Miss    Lois,  JEM 
—3,    4-chome,    Shimonakajima, 
Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata-ken 
(4229) 


!   Clark,  Dr.  C.  F.,  Jr.,  M.  D.,  &  Mrs., 
SB—  (Furlough  until  June  '65) 

Clark,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gene  A.,  SB— 
195,  Nishishin-machi,  Fukuoka- 
shi  (82-8116) 

195 


Clark,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth  W., 
HSEF  -8,  3-chome,  Nakamura, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo  (991-6449) 


Clark,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Martin 
(Evelyn),  CnC—  31,  Nakamiya- 
cho,  6-chome,  Asahi-ku,  Osaka 
(951-5943) 


9  *7-9 

Clark,  Miss  Thelma,  TEAM— 
1433,  2-chome  Setagaya,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (420-3166) 


9  =i  -  ? 

Clark,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  W.  A.,  AG  - 
1069,  Kami  Hoya,  Hoya-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(0421-6-7451) 


1069  ^  ?  -  t 

Clark,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  W.  T.,  SDA 
—  164,  Onden  3-chome,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (401  1171) 

3  rn  164 


448 


DIRECTORIES 


Clark,    Mr.  &  Mrs.   William  E., 
IND—  (Furlough) 

Clarke,  Rev.  Coleman  D.,  Th.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  SB—  1-18,  Kamiyama- 
cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(467-7829) 


?  y  ~  ? 

Clarke,  Miss  Elizabeth,  IBC(MC) 
—11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408-1914) 

m^jfar^B^K^OT  n 

9  y  ~  V 

Clarke,  Miss  Eunice  G.,  JEB— 
c/o  Mr.  Izumi,  Aza  Shimazaki, 
Miyazu-shi,  Kyoto 


Classen,  Misses  Ann  &  Martha, 
FEGC 
(Furlough  March  1964-65) 

Clayton,  Rev.  David  W.  H.,  SSJE 
—  331,  Koyama,  Kurume-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(0424-7-0175) 
(on  furlough  to  Dec.  1964) 

jK«fWb£*i^s#nr/.hUi  331 

9  ix  4  h  y 

Clemens,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  J,,  NTC 
—P.  O.  Box  2,  Mizuho-machi, 
Nishitama-gun,  Tokyo 


Clench,  Miss  M.,  MSCC-4402 
Baba-cho,  Ueda-shi,  Nagano-ken 
(1361) 

4402 


Clevenger,  Miss  Janice,  RSF— 
c/o  Friends  Center,  14,  1-chome, 
Mita-daimachi,  Minato-ku, 

Tokyo     (451-0804) 


-t  y  $  — 


Clift,  Miss  Annie  Sue,  SB—  22, 
Kami  Ikeda-cho,  Kitashirakawa, 
Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto  (78-5777) 

st«ma£«KdbajM±»fflw  22 

9  W  \ 

Clugston,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  D.  A., 
MSCC—  6-40-3,  Kamokogahara, 
Sumiyoshi,  Higashi  Nada-ku, 
Kobe  (85-1678) 

wmmnKft^m^ic  3  (D 

40  O  6 

9  ^  y  ?^  h  y 

Clyde,  Mr.   Arthur,   LCA—  484-4, 
Atago-cho,  Nagasaki-shi 
-4 


Coates,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  E.  D.,  AGB 
—2037,  Shinohara-cho,  Kohoku- 
ku,  Yokohama 

2037 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


449 


Coates,  Rev.  Thomas,  Th.  D. 
MSL  -  Room.  304,  Mejirodai 
Apt.,  55,  Sekiguchidai-machi, 
Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo  (941-7155) 


3  —  -7 


--  b    No.  304 


Cobb,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  B.,  IBC(MC) 
(Pre-retirement  furlough  1964- 
1965) 

Cole,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harold,  (Leone)  , 
CnC  —  1014,  Higashi-Yama, 
Kuge-Yama,  Ono-shi,  Ilyogo- 
ken 


t  1014 


Coleman,  Miss  Anita,  SB—  11- 
798,  Nishishin-machi,  Fukuoka- 
shi 


Colling,  Miss  Grace,  IND—  112-1, 

Terakawado-cho,  Mizunami-shi, 
Gifu-ken 

K^IBfl&OTj^fcJpfflr  IT!  !  112 
3  y  y  x 

Collins,    Mr.    &  Mrs.    Jacob    F., 

OBS  -2-4547,  Nakato     Mura- 

yama-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo 


Collins,  Mrs.  Mary—  30,  Ochiai, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (Tanashi  7-0022) 


Colston,  Miss  Augusta  B.,  PCUS 
—41,  Kumochi-cho,  1-chome, 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe  (22-1656) 


3  A-  ^  h  V 

Compton,  Miss  Patricia,  PEC  - 
20,  1-chome,  Shironouchi-dori, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe 

1-20 


Conrad,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Stanley, 
EFCM—  34,  Sandan  Nagamachi, 
Matsugasaki,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-2966) 


3  v  7  v   K 

Cook,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Don,  OMF  — 
344-  B  Seijo-machi,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo  (416-1934) 


9  v  9 

Cook,  Mr.  Bill  -Beteru  House, 
1178,  Shindo,  Karuizawa-machi, 
Nagano-  ken 


Cooper,  Miss  June,  SB—  1-433,  1- 
chome,  Ohno-machi,  Ichikawa- 
shi,  Chiba-ken  (2-6071) 

1  T0  433-1 


450 


DIRECTORIES 


Coote,  Rev.  &    Mrs.  Leonard  W., 
FEAM  -Ikoma,  Nara-ken 
(0437-3821) 


Cox,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ralph,  TEAM 
735,  4-chome  Setagaya,  Seta 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (420-2533) 

735 


Cornelius,  Miss  Dorothy  C.,  OMF 
—  5,  4-chome,  Denenchofu,  Ota- 
ku,  Tokyo 


Corl,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Javan,  IBC 
(EUB)  —16-3,  Tatemukai,  Ueda, 
Morioka-shi,  Iwate-ken 
(2-4582) 


Corwin,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Charles,  TEC 
(Furlough) 

Courtney,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
TEAM—  15-15,  3-chome,  Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 


3-        - 


Cowan,  Mr.  Ray,  IND  -Jurinji, 
Osa,  Sanada,  Chiisagata-gun, 
Nagano-ken 


#  7  y 

Cowdray,  Miss  Freda  L.,  CMS— 
2-7,  4-chome,  Daizawa-cho, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 


3  -    K 


Cox,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Theodore  O., 
SB—  5-22,  2-chome,  Kamokoga- 
hara,  Sumiyoshi,  Higashi-Nada- 
ku,  Kobe 

WP  ru  -&m  K{£^»K  2  r  a 

22-5 

^7   y  ^^ 

Cox,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Samuel  (Rima), 
IBC  (MC)—  116,  Aoyama 
Minami-cho,  6-chome,  Minato- 
ku,  Tokyo  (408-1908) 


Craig,  Miss  Mildred,  WUMS 
—10-3,  2-chome,  Himonya, 
Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 

10-3 


I  Craighill,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  L.  R.,  Jr., 
PEC—  Momoyama  Gakuin  Dai- 
gaku,   5-3,   Naka  Showa-machi, 
Abeno-ku,  Osaka     (621-1181) 
Office  (Sakai-shi  7-2538) 
n  fn     3-5 


Crawford,  Ms.  &  Mrs.  Coy,  IND 
—16,  Hachiyaura,  Yamoto- 
machi,  Miyagi-ken 

16 

9  p  -7  isr  -  K 


US'i^OF  MISSIONARIES 


451 


Crawford,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Vernon 
—Kobe  Union  Church,  34, 
4-chome,  Ikuta-cho,  Fukiai-ku, 
Kobe  (22-4733) 


Creer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ray,  BMMJ 
—21,  Ban-cho,  Shiroishi-shi, 
Miyagi-ken 


9  D  -T 

Crenshaw,     Mr.     Joseph,     AG  — 
Christian  Children's  Home 
Hondo-shi,  Kumamoto-ken 
(3671) 


Crew,  Miss  Angie,  IBC(UCBWM) 
(Pre-retirement  Furlough) 

Crowley,    Mr.  &  Mrs.   Dale,  IND 
—  P.  O.  Box  3,  Arakawoi-machi, 
Tsuchiura-shi,  Ibaragi-ken 
(Furlough) 


Cullen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  K.R.,  CLC— 
3509,  Kita  Oizumi-machi,  Neri- 
ma-ku,  Tokyo     (291-1775) 
(Furlough  from  Feb.  1965) 


Culpepper,  Rev.  Robert  H.,  Th.D., 
&  Mrs.,  SB-423,  Hoshiguma, 
Fukuoka-shi  (82-1196) 


Cundiff,     Mr.     William     S.,    IBC 
(UCBWM)—  60,      Kozenji-dori, 
Sendai,  Miyagi-ken 
(22-7439) 


Cunningham,  Eloise,  IND—  77, 
Azabu  Kogai-cho,  Minato-ku, 
Tokyo 

(Home:    401-3386) 
(Office  :     291-8326) 


Cunningham,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert 
E.,  LCA 

(Furlough   from  June   1964   to 
Sept.  '65) 

Currie,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jim,  IND— 
348,  Hanezawa-cho,  Kanagawa- 
ku,  Yokohama 


Curry,    Miss  Olive,   IBC  (MC)  — 
Kassui  Jr.  College,  16,  Higashi, 
Yamate-machi,  Nagasaki-shi 
(2-6955) 


Curtin,  Miss  Esther,  IND—  36, 
Nagakura-cho,  Nishi  7-jo, 
Shimokyo-ku,  Kyoto 


-  T  j 


452 


DIRECTORIES 


Dale,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Daniel,  TEAM 
-175,  4-chome,  Aza  Nagamine- 
yama,  Oishi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(86-8845) 

4-175 


Dale,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth,  LCA 
—921,  2-chome  Saginomiya, 
Nakano-ku,  Tokyo  (385-8617) 
2-921 


Dator,  Mr.  James  A.,  Ph.  D.,  & 
Mrs.,  PEC—  c/o  Rikkyo  Dai- 
gaku,  Ikebukuro  3-chome, 
Toshima-ku,  Tokyo  (983  0111) 


Davidson,    Commissioner,    Chas., 
SA—  17,  2-chome,  Kanda  Jimbo- 
cho,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
(261-7311) 

3&m  HtEDKWfflWW  2-17 

T  t*  -;    \-   y  V 

Davidson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jack,  CMA 
90-4,    Nagamineyama,    Oishi, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe     (86-4179) 
WF«milEW5^*llJ  4-90 

•f  \£  y  h  y  v 

Davidson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Lewis, 
ALC—  11,  Umezono-cho,    1-cho- 
me,  Okazaki-shi,  Aichi-ken 
(4294) 

1-11 

t*  v  h  y  v 


Davidson,  Miss  Maj.,  SAMJ—  c/ 
Swedish      School,      2481,     Aza 
Onuma,  Sagamihara-shi,  Kana- 
gawa-ken 
ft^JIIJiMiJilCffi^ffl  2481 

7.  ->  x  r  ^r  -^  ^  ^  ^  -  ^  [^ 

•r  t*  v  b  v  y 

Davidson,    Rev.  &  Mrs.    Merwvn 
Floyd  (Betty  Lou),  IBC  (EUB) 
c/o      S.      Kagawa,      Okura, 
Machida-shi,  Tokyo 


T-*  t*  -y  h  y  y 

Davies,    Miss   Bernice  F.,  Ph.  D.. 
IBC  (UCBWM)—  Kobe  Jogaku- 

in,    Okadayama,     Nishinomiya- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken     (5-1020) 


Davis,  Miss  Carnella,  WEC— 
Hachiman-Nakayama-cho,  Na- 
gahama-shi,  Shiga-ken 


Davis,   Rev.   &  Mrs.   F~rancis  A., 
QMS  -1648,  Megurita,  Higashi- 
Murayama-shi,  Tokyo 
(0423-9-3071) 

1648 


Davis,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Glen 
(Joyce),  PCC—  13,  Aoba-cho, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (408-0305) 

13 


LIST  OF  MISSION  ARIES 


453 


Davis,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.,  CN  -P.O. 
Box  2,  Yotsu  Kaido,  Imba-gun, 
Chiba-ken  (Yotsukaido  347) 


Davis,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Howard  (Ka- 
thryn),  CnC 
(Furlough  from  May  1964) 

Davis,    Rev.   &   Mrs.   Jim,  AG  - 
160-4-chome,      Nagamineyama, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe     (86-3149) 
(Furlough  September  1964) 
-160 


DC  Camp,  Miss  Grace,  TEAM— 
75,  2-chome,  Hatsuda-cho,  Taka- 
yama-shi  Gifu-ken 

2-75 


DeFriend,    Miss    Myra,    FEGC 
111,    Hakuraku,    Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama     (49-9017) 


Deffner,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Walter,  MSL 
—49,  3-chome,  Matsunami-cho, 
Niigata-shi 


7*  1  v  v  K 

Dcgelman,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    O.  R., 
TEAM-350,     2-chome,      Hon- 
moku,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
(20-7986) 

-350 
7-' 


Degerman,  Miss  Bessie,  TEAM 
15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 

15-15 


Dawkins,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    C.   B.  ! 
Charles.  LCA 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

De     Berdt,     Michiel,    CRJM— 7- 
1463, 1-chome,  Narashino,  Funa- 
bashi-shi,  Chiba-ken 
(Yobidashi  7-4210) 

!Pf  IT  Fl  1463-7  i 


DeLong,  Lelah,  TEAM-  15-15,  3- 
chome,  Daizawa,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo 

15  15 


r  -f  P  v 

Derksen,     Rev.     &     Mrs.    Peter, 
GCMM  —  10853,        Kamezaki, 
Hyuga-shi,  Miyazaki-ken 
(3871) 

10853 


DeSha/er,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     Jacob 
(Florence)  JFM 
(Furlough  until  March  1965) 

Dessau,   Miss    Dorothy,    (PEC)   - 
913,    Miyakawa-machi,    Shimo- 
gamo,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-6454) 


454 


DIRECTORIES 


Deter,  Miss  Virginia,  IBC  (UPC) 
—  Hokuriku  Gakuin,    10,  Kami 
Kakinokibatake,  Kanazawa-shi 
(21-1257) 

10 


Dever,  Miss  Susan  Melody  IBC 
(UCC)  —25,  Nishi  Kusabuka- 
cho,  Shizuoka-shi  (53-0988) 


T  -X  7  ~ 

DeViney,     Mr.    &    Mrs.     Robert, 
TEAM 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

de  Vore,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Michael 
(Carolee),  Tokyo  Union  Church, 
Apt.  D.,  36,  Kita  Higakubo- 
cho,  Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(401-9847) 
(Office-Church  401-1942) 


7'*--  h  D  f-'^'T 

Dexter,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Albert,  IND 
—88,  Kusugaoka,  Takaha,  Nada- 
ku,  Kobe 


T  9  *  ?  - 

De  Young,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John, 
ALC—  55,  Oiwa-cho,  Shizuoka- 
shi  (52-0517) 

8Wrti*enr  55 

•7-'  -v  y  y 

Dick,  Miss  Cornelia,  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 


Dick,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  R.  H.,  IND— 
111,  Oike,  Yamada-cho,  Hyogo- 
ku,  Kobe 

wprtmiSKiiiffliHr^tii  in 

7-'  A  y  9 

Dickerson,     Miss    Barbara,     IBC 
(MC)  —  Interboard     House,     2, 
Higashi    Toriizaka-machi,   Aza 
bu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(481-3325) 

>£;rvW3K«jfmf£j§[Hj  2 

-f  v  z  -,-!-:-  F 


Dickinson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    R.    F. 
(Mary),  IBC  (UCMS) 
(Furlough  1964-1965) 

Dievendorf,  Mrs.  Anne,  CMA  — 
Minami  Horibata,  Matsuyama- 
shi,  Ehime-ken  (2-1009) 


T  -f  —  ?'  i  ^  K  ^  9 
Dill,   Rev.  &  Mrs.   Tolbert,   CPC 
3366-3,  Minami  Rinkan,  Yamato- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Dillard,  Miss  Mary,  OEM—  1816, 
Teuchi,  Shimokoshiki-machi, 
Satsuma-gun,  Kagoshima-ken 

^BSim®#iFFffiBr3M7  1816 
T  -c  7  -  K 

Dillon,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Alan,  FEGC 
—  2-11,  Minami  Kubo-cho, 
Kawagoe-shi,  Saitama-ken 


LIS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


455 


Dillon,  Miss  Florence,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Dixon,  Miss  E.  Joan,  CMS—  Poole 
Gakuin,    5-chome,    Katsuyama- 
dori,  Ikuno-ku,  Osaka 
(731-3190) 


Dozier,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edwin  B., 
SB  -421,  Hoshiguma,  Fukuoka- 
shi  (82-9446) 


T  -Y  9  V  V 

Dodge,  Miss  Judith,  IBC  (MC)  — 
Keimei  Jogakuin,  35,  4-chome, 
Nakayamate-dori,  Ikuta-ku, 
Kobe  (22-7230) 


Dozier,     Mrs.     C.    K.,     SB—  421, 
Hoshiguma,  Fukuoka-shi 
(82-9446) 


Draper,  Rev.  «&  Mrs.  William  F., 
PEC  -8,  Motokaji-cho,  Sendai- 
shi,  Miyagi-ken  (22-4684) 


K  v  * 

Dollinger,  Miss  Marion,  IND— 
4406,  Futatsuya-cho,  Adachi-ku, 
Tokyo 


K  !/-'<- 

Driskill,  Rev.  J.  Lawrence,  & 
Mrs.  Lillian,  IBC  (UPC)—  1, 
Takezono-cho,  Suita-shi,  Osaka 
(381-3839) 


K  ])  v  ft  —  K  \) 

Miss     Delia,     RSF—      Drivstuen,    Miss   Dagny,   NLM- 


Dominffo, 

Friends  Girls  School,  30,  Koun- 
cho,  Shiba,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 


46,    Motodaiku-machi,    Tottori- 
shi     (3265) 


Ksv*   ! 

Dornon,      Rev.     &     Mrs.     Ivan  ' 
(Eleanor),    IBC     (MC)-6,  Dai 
no   Hara-Shita,   Sendai-shi,  Mi- 
yagi-ken     (34  0015) 

K  - 1-  v 

Douglas,  Miss  Leona,  (IBC)  UCC 
—15,    4-chome,     Miyamae-cho, 
Kofu-shi,  Yamanashi-ken 
(3-5451) 


K 

Dudley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Dwight  N., 
SB—  Central  P.O.  Box  93,  Naha, 
Okinawa  (099  2564) 


^  v  K  u  >r 

Duglias,  Mr.  Rederick  B.,  Ph.  D., 
&    Mrs.    PEC     -  International 
Christian       University,       1500, 
Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(3  3131) 


456 


DIRHC1  OKIES 


Dumond,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Wesley, 
TEAM  --15-15,  3-chome,  Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

j&JCIPtraSKfWSTS  15^15 
-r  *-*v  K 

Duncan,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William 
(Betty),  CBFMS  -c./o  Seisho 
Tosho  Kankokai,  P.  O.  Box  66, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 

MM  'Mflllt?  ill  $««  W  &  ,'}  ffi  66 


Dueck,  Miss  Agnes,  GCMM  — 
5330,  Namiki,  Kamikawa, 
I  ligashi-machi,  Miyakonojo-shi, 
Miyazaki-ken 

•titii  WM  (if  iW  ±1  1  II;  £  5330 

K  V  *  y  9 

Dunkle,  Mr.  Lee,  IBC  (UCBWM) 
-8,  Kita  Shiba-cho,  Shimogamo, 
Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Dyson,  Miss  Mary,  JEB— 15, 
Otani,  Oasa-cho,  Itano-gun, 
Tokushima-ken 


Eagle,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Charles,  TEAM 
—  35,  Ote-machi,  Shimizu-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken 


Ebinger,  Deaconess  Frieda,  MAR- 
LCM— 72,  1-chome,  Higashi 
Naruo-cho,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken 

IT  1372 


^   I   Eddy,    Rev.   &   Mrs.   William  D., 


Dupree,    Kev.  &  Mrs.  Charles  J., 
OMS  -5-3-chome,     Asahigaoka, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(34  1559) 


PEC  —  Nishi      5-chome,     Kita 
15-  jo,  Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(71-3554) 


Edgerton,       Miss       Daisy,      IBC 


Dyck,  Miss  Anna,  GCMM 
(Furlough  until  March  1965) 

Dyck,  Miss  Susan,  CMA-  Hon- 
machi,  Shobara-shi,  Hiba-gun, 
Hiroshima-ken 


r  -f  v 


(UCMS)  —8  of  6,  1-chome,  Oji- 
Honcho,  Kita-ku,  Tokyo 
(911-5262) 

i  TP  6-8 


Ediger,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ferd,  GCMM 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


457 


Edwards,  Miss  Lorna  B.,  OMF  - 
20,  Taga-cho,  Aza,  Mikasa-shi, 
Hokkaido 


*  K7-X 

Eggen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Egil,  NMS 
—32,  Teraguchi-cho,  Nada-ku, 
Kobe  (852878) 


J-  -y  V  V 

Ehnle,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Willis  R.,  ACC 
—1384,    Kaneko-machi,    Chofu- 
shi,  Tokyo 
JKiittPSIflJrfi&W  1384 

a  V'J  - 

Eijderkvut,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John 
(Gun),  ECC  —  35,  Toyoura, 
Kuroiso-machi,  Tochigi-ken 


Eikamp,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arthur,  CG 
—161-2,     Nishi-machi,     Mondo, 
Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
161-2 


Eimon,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harold,  ALC 
—  347,  Sumiyoshi-cho,  Kami- 
kanuki,  Numazu-shi,  Shizuoka- 
ken  (2-6787) 

347 


Eitel,  Dr.  K.  F.,  M.  D.,  LM—  23, 
1-chome,  Shoto,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (467-8960) 

^  23 


Elda,  Sister  Magdalene,  IND 
(PEC)  —95,  Tamade  Shimizu 
Odawara,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi- 
ken  (3-7354) 


Elder,    Rev.  William   M.  &  Mrs. 
Irene,    IBC    (MQ—  511,    Nishi- 
machi,  3-chome,  Tottori-shi 
(4621) 


Ellefson,  Mrs.  Esther,  ALC-45-7, 
Tama-machi,   2-chome,    Fuchu- 
-shi,  Tokyo     (3815) 
SC&iWff'tlrfj^JWr  2  TP  45-7 
*  i/  ^  y  y 

Elliott,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wm.  I., 
ABFMS-Kanto  Gakuin  Uni 
versity,  Mutsuura,  Kanazawa- 
ku,  Yokohama  (70-9601) 


Ellis,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Andrew  B., 
LCA—  35,  Suizenji-Honmachi, 
Kumamoto-shi  (4  0036) 


Elmer,  Miss  Ruth,  IBC  (EUB)- 
72,  Sashigaya-cho,  Bunkyo-ku, 
Tokyo  (811-5516) 


458 


DIRECTORIES 


Elzinjja,  Miss  Alice,  IBC  (RCA) 
—  Baiko  Jogakuin,  1854,  Maru- 
yama-cho,  Shimonoseki-shi, 
Yamaguchi-ken 


Emanuel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wayne  E., 
SB—  (Furlough  until  June  '65) 

Emily,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ronald,  MSL 
—  30-23,     1-chome,     Tomigaya, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(467-7579) 


Engeman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry, 
CMSJ—  1068,  3-chome,  Matsu- 
bara-machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(321-1411) 


Engholm,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Duane, 
FEGC—  111,    Hakuraku,    Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama 
(49-9071) 


J-  V  ,-h  —  A 

Enloe,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  W.  Winton, 
Jr.,  PCUS-451,  Higashi-Senda- 
machi,  Hiroshima-shi 
(41-0624) 


Enns,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert,  MBM 
—101-3,  Ueno  2-chome,  Toyo- 
naka-shi,  Osaka 

3-ioi 


Eraker,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Anders, 
NMS  —  12,  Inyo-machi,  Nara-shi 
(2-5574) 


Ericson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Wilbert, 
LCA 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

Eriksson,  Miss  Astrid,  SFM—  648, 
Tsurumi-cho,  Tsurumi-ku, 

Yokohama     (50-2433) 


j-  y  9  v  ^ 

Eriksson,  Miss  Linnea,  OMSS— 
42,  1-chome,  Yamashiro-cho, 
Yao-shi,  Osaka  (2-8053) 

:£B£JfrAMrfTUiW  1  TR  42 

j.  ij  ^  y  v 

Eriksson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul,  SEMJ 
—37-232,  Wanishi-machi,  Muro- 
ran-shi,  Hokkaido 
(Muroran  6675) 

-37 


Eskildsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edward, 
ALC—  18,  Mukaiyama,  Dai- 
machi,  Toyohashi-shi,  Aichi-ken 
(2-9571) 


J-  X  ^  /L-  K  -t  V 

Essenburg,    Mr.    &   Mrs.   Martin, 
CRJM  —  c/o  Christian  Academy 
in   Japan,   30,  Ochiai,  Kurume- 
machi,  Kitama-gun,  Tokyo 
(71-0022) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


459 


Ettlingr,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Adalbert, 
LM—  Oiso  1661,  Oiso-machi, 
Kanagawa-ken 


Everett,  Miss  Oreta,  PRM—  Kobe- 
shi,  Port  P.  O.  Box  589 


Swing,  Miss  Hettie  Lee,  CC  -739, 
Nakada,  Shizuoka-shi 


Exum,  Mrs.  Essie,  Eiko  Yochien, 
1794,  Ooka-machi,  Minami-ku, 
Yokohama 

1794 


Faber,  Mr.  &  Mrs  Ernest  (Neva), 
CnC— 14-2,  Minami  21-chome, 
Obihiro-shi,  Hokkaido 


Fadel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Allen,  TEAM 
— 15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 


Fagre,  Rev.  &  Mrs  Ivan,  ALC— 
921,  2-chome,  Saginomiya, 
Nakano-ku,  Tokyo  (385-5737) 


7  r  ?  'J  - 

Fairfield,    Mr.   &  Mrs.    John    F., 
(Betty),  IBC    (UCBWM)-921, 
Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  3  9324) 


7  *  7  7  -f  -  /U  K 

Fanger,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  C.  V.,  IND 
—16,  Hachiyaura,  Yamoto- 
machi,  Monoo-gun,  Miyagi-ken 
^TttPltft^iB^^fflT^^fS  16 

7  r  vrt  — 

Fanger,    Mr.    Richard,    IND—  16, 
Hachiyaura,         Yamoto-machi, 
Monoo-gun,  Miyagi-ken 
£ffim&£iB*:*£SJS  16 

7  TV  if  - 

Paris,  Miss  Eleanor,  RPM  —P.  O. 
Box  822,  Kobe  (22-8386) 


Farrell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  R.  A.,  IND 
9,  Daikyo-machi,  Shinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo 


7  r  -  v  >\< 

Farris,    Rev.    Theron  V.,   Th.  D. 
&  Mrs.,  SB 
(Furlough  until  May  1966) 


460 


DIRECTORIES 


Farthing,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Earl  D.,  Fielder,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  L.  Gerald, 
SB— P.  O.  Box  61,  Nagasaki-  SB— 11-798,  Nishishin-machi, 
shi  (2-8211)  Fukuoka-shi  (2-8426) 


-7  r  -  *  -f  V  ?  7  *  fr#- 

Fast,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    M.  Marvin,  Fieldhouse,   Mr.  &  Mrs.   Marvin 

ACPC-11,    3-chome,    Tsukiga-  L.  (Iris),  WRPL— 3704,   Karui- 

oka,  Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya  zawa-machi,  Nagano-ken 


Feely,     Miss     (Rev.)      Gertrude, 
Ed.  D.,     IBC    (MQ  —  Christian 
Youth      Center,      Mikage-cho, 
Higashi  Nada-ku,    Kobe 
(85-3793) 


Feil,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul  H.,  LCA 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

Fenger,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Emil,  SCD 
—  Shin  Rei  San,  Misawa,  Yama- 
zaki,  Fukuroi-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(Okazaki  100) 


Fenner,  Mr.  Charlie  W.,  SB 
(Furlough  until  March  1965) 

Fensorae,  Miss  Alice,  JFM 
(Furlough  until  1965) 

Fhager,  Miss  Gunhild,  MCCS— 
360,  Aminohama,  Okayama-shi 
(2  9672) 

|$  1  1  litter*  360  7-r-Y^ 


Finch,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bobby,  BBF 
—P.  O.  Box  30,  Ota-shi,  Gunma- 

ken     (6355) 

IftJim^fflrfTiSM^Mffi  30  n 

7  4\S* 

Finnseth,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Per 
(Synnove),  NLM—  121,  Soto 
Nakabara-cho,  Matsue-shi. 

Shimane-ken     (2-5618) 
121 

~7 


Fisch,    Rev.  &   Mrs.    Edwin   W.  , 
TEAM—  c/o       Mr.       Masaichi 
Sekino,  3119,    Oi  Kashima-cho, 
Shinagawa-ku,  Tokyo 
(771-1953) 


Fish,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carl  (Grace), 
CnC—  163,  Yamate-cho,  Ashiya- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken 


-f 


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(Tel.  No.  23-7451/5) 


JAPAN  MILITARY  FACILITIES 

Camp  Zama  Office 
Iwakuni  Office 


LIST  01-  MISSIONARIES 


461 


Fisher,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hubert  E., 
OMF—  1-chome,  Izumi-machi, 
Akabira-shi,  Hokkaido 


Fisher,  Miss  Penelope  A.,  MSCC 
-  c/o  Kyoku  Center,  17,  Nishi 
17-chome,  Minami  14-jo,  Sap- 
poro-shi,  Hokkaido 


17 


Fisk,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Gerald  H.  BGC 
—  Izumi,  Owase-shi,  Mie-ken 


Fitzwilliam,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    John, 
FEGC    30,     Ochiai,     Kurume- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  71  0022) 

^JH^jk^s'AW  w&'-fr  so 

-7  1   /  -/  •>  <   \)  7  A 

Flach,      Rev.     &     Mrs.     Richard 
(Judith),  IBC(MC)—  12,  Hachi- 
yama,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(461-2777) 

m*j(Wj£ix#iii  12 

-7  =7-  ? 

Flaherty,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Theodore 
E.  (Mary),  IBC  (RCA)—  37, 
Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama  (64-1183) 


Flanagan,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Scott  C. 
(Patricia),  IBC  (UCBWM)—  41, 
Uwa-cho,  Komegafukuro,  Sen- 
dai-shi,  Miyagi-ken  (23-3237) 


Fleenor,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Julius 
(Virginia),  CnC—  1146,  Shimo 
Ochiai  3-chome,  Shinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo  (951-6025) 

**C*fflSKTiS^  3  T0  H46 

7  D  -  •)-  ~ 

Fleischman,         Miss       Lorraine, 
CBFMS—  20,  Hiyori-cho,  Ishino- 
maki-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(2  5288) 


Fleischmann,    Deaconess    Babett, 
MAR-LCM  —  72,         1-chome, 
Higashi     Naruo,     Nishinomiya- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken 
iC-mW^ffiMmiHj  1  TR  72 

"7  7  ^   -;  -y  ?.-?  V 

Fleming,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Emery 
(Taka),  ffiC  (UPC)-  141,  Hei- 
raku,  Minami-ku,  Yokohama 
(64-5818) 


7  v  i  v  y 

Flewelling,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William, 
(Esther),  AAM  -18,  Kudegaya- 
cho,  Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo- 
ken 


7  tv— 


462 


DIRECTORIES 


Flowers,  Miss  E.  Maurine,  OMF 
—  49,  Sawada,  Tsukurimachi, 
Aomori-shi 


7  9  7  —  X 

Flynn,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Stanley,  BBF 
—656-15,  Nitona-cho,  Chiba-shi 
-T-HrfT£p£Hr  15-656 

7  y  v 

Fontnote,  Dr.  Audrey,  M.  D.,  SB 
—20-21,  Kami  Ikeda-cho,  Kita- 
shirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-5777) 


21-20 


b  /  ~  b 


Ford,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Einar,  EFCM 
—1892,  Moto-machi,  Kasukabe- 
shi,  Saitama-ken 
(Kasukabe  2764) 


7  *  -  K 

Ford,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Sharrel,  IND 
—  2659,  Noborito,  Kawasaki-shi, 
Kanagawa-ken 


Foreman,  Miss  Alice,  CBFMS  — 
26-5,  Izumigaoka,  Shiogama-shi, 
Miyagi-ken  (2-4611) 

rlTll  *  ££  5  (D  26 


Forsbergr,  Miss  Ruth,  TEAM— 
75,  2-chome,  Hatsuda-cho,  Taka- 
yama-shi,  Gifu-ken 

2  T0  75 


Forster,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Fred,  CN— 
2301,  Mikasa,  Karuizawa-machi> 
Kitasaku-gun,  Nagano-ken 
(Karuizawa  2579) 


2301  7  ^  ^,  if  — 

Foss,  Miss  Eleanor  M.,  CMS 
(Furlough  until  Jan.  1965) 

Foss,  Miss  Marit,  NLM—  633, 
Kawasaki,  Tsuyama-shi,  Oka- 
yama-ken 


7** 

Foster,  Mr.  Dennis,  IND—  1882, 
Nishi  Terao-machi,  Kanagawa- 
ku,  Yokohama 


Foster,  Miss  Elaine  &  Miss  Emily, 
—  495,  Kami-Akatsuka-machi, 
Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo 


Foster,  Miss  Mary,  IBC  (MC)  — 
11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408-1814) 


Foster,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert 
(Phyllis),  IBC  (MC)  —  7-chome, 
Nishi  2-jo,  Tsukisappu,  Sapporo- 
shi,  Hokkaido 

2  %.  i  r  a 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


463 


Foulke,     Miss    Eliza    A.,    RSF— 

14,    1-chome,     Mita    Daimachi, 

Minato-ku,  Tokyo      (451-0804) 

J&flfflS&KHffl^nr  1  TS  14^ 

7  *-9 

Fowler,  Miss  Mary,  FEGC 
(Furlough  from  June   1964  to 
June  1965) 

Fox,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  Roger,  FEGC 
—  1736,  Katayama,  Niiza-machi, 
Kita  Adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 
(Tanashi  71-1625) 

«3Em4bfi£»iM«maj  1735 

•7  *  v  9  * 

Foxwell,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Phillip  R., 
JPM—  273,  1-chome,  Horinouchi, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(311-0017) 


Francey,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Jack,  IFG 
—  941,  Higashi  Oizumi,  Nerima- 
ku,  Tokyo 


Francis,  Miss  Mabel,  CMA  — 
Minami  Horibata,  Matsuyama- 
shi,  Ehime-ken  (2-1009) 


Frazier,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    George, 
IND—  1700-1,       Kokubu-machi, 

Kurume-shi,  Fukuoka-ken 


•7  =j  y  \s  * 

Franklin,      Rev.     &     Mrs.     Sam 
(Dorothy),     IBC     (UPC)  -890, 
Mure,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Mitaka  3  5047) 


-7  =7  -,  1  -  >\s 

Frazier,     Rev.     &    Mrs.     Leslie, 
GFA—  64,     Midorigaoka     Hon- 
moku,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
(64-8812) 


Fredlun,  Miss  Mabel  M.,  OMF 
—  Kanagi-machi,  Asahiyama, 
Kita-gun,  Aomori-ken 


7  1/  K  9  v  K 

Frehn,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Malcolm, 
IBPFM—  Higashi  1-chome,  Kita 
18-jo,  Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 


Frens,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  James,  TEAM 
—  13,  Fusumada-cho,  Ichino- 
miya-shi,  Aichi-ken 


Frett,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Calvin,  JPM 

—278-1640,     Ushimaki,      Mori- 

yama-shi,  Aichi-ken 

(Moriyama  3759) 

S^lltt^lljffT-'t-tt  1640-278 

•7  V  -/   h 
Friesen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Abraham  F., 

OMF—  7-19,  Tomino-cho,  Hiro- 

saki-shi,  Aomori-ken 

7  19 

7  9  -  -tr  v 


464 


DIREC'f  OKIES 


Friesen,  Miss  Anne,  OMF 
(Furlough  from  July  1964) 

Friesen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry,  MBM 
(Furough  until  June  1965) 


Fujimoto,  Miss  June,  FEGC— 
111,  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama  (49-9017) 


i-  h 


Friesen,  Miss  Leonore,  GCMM—  Fukada,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert  M. 

39,     1-chome,     Matsubashi-cho,  \       (Laura),  IBC(MC)— 6,  1-chome, 

Miyazaki-shi     (2-4574)  Asukai-cho,  Tanaka,  Sakyo-ku, 

1-39  Kyoto     (78-4494) 


Friesen,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Roland, 
FEGC—  111,    Hakuraku,    Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama 
(49-9017) 


7  U  —  -t  v 

Friesen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William, 
JEM—  3,  4-chome,  Shimo  Naka- 
jima,  Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata-ken 
(4229) 


Fulop,  Rev.  Robert  Ph.D.  &  Mrs., 
ABFMS—  Kanto  Gakuin  Univ., 
Mutsuura,  Kanazawa-ku,  Yoko 
hama     (70-8347) 
^rfT^KT^fft 

•7V-J-? 

Fultz,  Miss  Catherine,  PCUS— 
17,  Chokyuji-machi,  Higashi-ku, 
Nagoya  (97-8898) 


7  i;  -  -t?  v 

Frivold,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  W.,  AG 
—32,    Tsukimigaoka,    Yatomi- 
cho,  Mizuho-ku,  Nagoya 
(85-0985) 
(On  furlough  December  1964) 


7  fr  y 

Fultz,  Mrs.  Exie,  CnC—  c/o  Sugi- 
hara-so,     4-845    Tozuka,    Shin- 
juku-ku,  Tokyo     (361-2950) 
4-845 


32 


-7  ]) 


Fromm,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Elwood, 
MSL—  2,  9-chome,   Irifune-cho, 
Otaru-shi,  Hokkaido 
(Otaru  3-0628) 


P  —  A 


Gaenzle,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Heinz,  LM 
— Sugaya  1039,  Shimodate-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


465 


Gamble,  Miss  Marjorie,  OMF— 
62-5,  Miyuki-cho,  Shizunai- 
machi,  Shizunai-gun,  Hokkaido 
ft#ia»f*38B»rW»fTRr  62-5 

4?  +  V-7  fr 

Gamblin  Kev.  &  Mrs.  Arthur 
(Haruko),  IBC  (MC)—  2-1041, 
Aza  Memegatani,  Shinohara, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe  (86-3243) 

'    1041-2 


Gamlen,  Miss  Anna,  NLM 
(Furlough  until  1965) 

Gano,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Glenn    G., 
ABFMS—  6-319,  1-chome,  Nishi- 
kubo,  Musashino-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  4  6296) 


3196  y-y 

Garner,      Miss     Margaret,      IBC 
(UCBWM)—  126,        Tsuchidoi, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(22  6638) 


Geedy,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clifford,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Geeslin,  Rev.  Roger  H.,  (Ph.  D.)  & 
Mrs.  Lois,  IBC  (UCMS)  -I.C.U. 
1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Mitaka  3-3131) 

1500  ICU 


Garrod,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  J.  V.,  IGL 
—93,  Uyama,  Sumoto-shi, 
Awajishima,  Hyogo-ken  (1028) 

JWtt8fcSSftzHf*rfT^UJ  93 

if  P  -  K 

Garrott,  Rev.  W.  Maxfield,  Th.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  SB—  Seinan  Jo  Gakuin, 
Shimo  Itozu,  Kokura-ku,  Kita- 
kyushu-shi,  Fukuoka-ken 
(56-2631) 


Germany,  Rev.  Charles,  Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs.  Julia,  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Gerry,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert  J., 
CLC-  (Furlough  till  Feb.  1965) 

Gerst,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Wilhelm,  LM 
—  Asahi-machi,  597,  Koga-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


Giboney,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Terry,  CC 
—  ^Ibaragi  Christian  College, 
Omika,  Kuji-machi,  Hitachi-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


Giesbrecht,       Miss       Margaret  - 
2163-B,  Karuizawa-machi, 

Nagano-  ken 

2163-B 

t  h 


Gingerich,  Rev.  John,  Th.  D.  & 
Mrs.,  Tokyo  Union  Church,  44, 
Hachiyama,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(461-4841) 


466 


DIRECTORIES 


Gilbertson,   Rev.  &  Mrs.   Gaylen 
ALC—  22,  3-chome,  Tokugawa- 
cho,  Higashi-ku,  Nagoya 
(94-3223) 


Gilg,  Miss  Audrey,  IBC(UCBWM) 
—  Baika  Gakuen,  106,  6-chome, 
Hon-machi,  Toyonaka-shi, 

Osaka     (2-0002) 

W  6  TP  106 


Gillespie,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  L.,  SB 
-21-59,  9-chome,  Ueno,  Toyo 
naka-shi,  Osaka 

TfiiSff  9  T0  59-21 


Gizzi,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Vincent,  OEM 
Mineshige,  Monzen  Arata,  Iwa- 
kuni-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 


Gillham,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Frank,  SB 
(Furlough  until  April  1965) 

Glass,  Miss  Eva,  OMF—  Nishi  4- 
chome,  Kita  3-jo,  Kutchan- 
machi,  Abuta-gun,  Hokkaido 

4 


Glenn,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Don  Carleton, 
IBC     (UCBWM)  -Shimochoja- 
machi,      Sagaru,      Muromachi- 
dori,  Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(44-2278) 


Clock,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Delmar,  MSL 
—  C.  P.  O.  Box  175,  Naha-shi, 
Okinawa  (099-2882) 


!  Gluecks,  Deaconess  H.,  MAR-LCM 
— 72,  1-chome,  Higashi-Naruo- 
cho,  Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo- 
ken 

&«mffiWrfjjfci»mKr  i  rg  72 


Godert,  Miss  Agnes,  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Feb.  1965) 

Godoy,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Rolf,  LFCN 
—49-2,     Torii-machi,     Tsu-shi, 


Mie-ken 


2-49 


Goes,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gosta,  SEOM 

—  3909,  Miya-cho,  Mishima-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken     (5-4056) 

Hl>  1^013909 


Going,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Thomas, 
MSL--616-5,  Ichino-cho,  Iga- 
rashi,  Niigata-shi 

—  ©Pff  616-5 


Goldsmith,   Miss  O.  Mabel,  CMS 
—  10,        Sairen-cho,         Sojima, 
Kurume-shi,  Fukuoka-ken 
(Kurume  4971) 

10 


LIS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


Goodall,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  A.  Richard,  | 
INTERDPT-Higashi  4-chome, 
Kita         22-jo,          Sapporo-shi, 
Hokkaido     (71-0522) 


Gooden,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Joe  R., 
IND-49,  2-chome,  Sakuradai, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo  (991-4249) 


Goring,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  V.  I.  (Kath 
leen)  MSCC—  18,  Aoshiro-cho, 
Ichijoji,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

Mumi^MK-s^ww  is 

3'-  y  vy 

Gornitzka,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert 
W.,  NEOM—  6,  Machigashira, 
Yotsukura-machi,  Iwaki-gun, 
Fukushima-ken 


Gosden,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Eric  W., 
JEB—  4  of  1610,  Hirano,  Mi- 
kage,  Mikage-cho,  Higashi- 
Nada-ku,  Kobe 


1610  O  4 


Goes,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Donn,  TEAM 
-  419,  Eifuku-cho,  Suginami-ku, 
Tokyo  (321-2280) 


Goto,  Mr.  John,  IND—  16,  Hachi- 
yaura,  Yamoto-cho,  Miyagi- 
ken 

WHfilR^^BIft&MI  16 

3'  h 

Graham,    Miss   Enid,   FEGC—  30, 
Ochiai,    Kurume-machi,     Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  71-0022) 


Graham,    Mr.  Lloyd  B.,  D.  S.  W., 
&  Mrs.  Evelyn    IBC    (UCQ  — 
40,   Nigawa  Yurino-cho,   Nishi- 
nomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(5-0491) 


Grant,  Mr.  Robert  H.,  IBC 
(UCBWM)-l  of  13,  Asukai- 
cho,  Tanaka,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-4407) 

13-1 


Grant,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Worth  C.,  SB 
—7-18,  Kamiyama-cho,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (467-7628) 


Graves,  Miss  Alms,  SB 

(Furlough  until  March  1965) 

Gravklev,  Miss  Sylvi,  NEOM— 
84-2,  Sakae-cho,  Haramachi-shi, 
Fukushima-ken 


468 


DIRECTORIES 


Graybill,   Mr.   &  Mrs.   John   W.,  Griffin,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry  Dee, 

(Lucille),      BIC— 228,     Nukui-  j       SB— 2091,      Musashino,      Oaza 

Minami-machi,    4-chome,     Ko-  Fussa,  Fussa-machi,  Nishitama- 

ganei-shi,  Tokyo  gun,  Tokyo     (51-2931) 


228 


U"f 


Green,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  E.  MSCC 
—  Nishi     3-chome,     Sakae-cho, 
Asahikawa-shi,  Hokkaido 
(2-9395) 


Grier,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Louis 
(Dorothy),  IBC  (UPC)  — 
9-chome,  Komatsubara-cho, 
Wakayama-shi  (2-0630) 


Griesy,  Rev.  Paul,  IBC  (UCBWM) 
-3  of  370,  Ezu-cho,  Kami-Ifuku, 
Oka-  yama-shi     (52-1090) 
M  III  iff_hfnfi|  370-3 

^  y  -  ^  x 


Grenz,  Miss  Elsie,  WMC 
(Furlough  until  Mar.  1965) 

Greyall,  Rev.  Arthur,  AG(Assoc.)    j 
—  Hondo      Kirisuto      Kodomo  i 
Home,    Hondo-shi,    Kumamoto- 
ken 


Griffiths,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Michael  C. 
OMF—  11,     4-chome,      Higashi 
Koganei-shi,  Tokyo 
HOKtM^^rfOfCfHT  4-11 

if  V  -7  4  * 

Grigg,  Miss  Pearl,  IND—  3,  1- 
chome,  Horinouchi,  Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo  (331-5722) 


Grisdale,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John,  CMS 
—  Rikkyo    High    School,    Nobi- 
dome,       Shinza-machi,       Kita- 
adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 
(Shiki  425-6) 


Gronning,     Rev.     &    Mrs.     Arne 

(Elsa),  NLM 

(Furlough  from  Spring  1964) 
Grosjean,    Miss  Violet  C.,  SPG— 

344,    Kamoe-cho,    Hamamatsu- 

shi,  Shizuoka-ken 


Grove,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Leslie,  JEM 
— c/o  Bible  School,  Kujiranami- 
machi,  Kashiwazaki-shi,  Niigata- 
ken 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


469 


d'ruhhs.    Rev.    &  Mrs,    Thomas, 

(Alice),        IBC  (UPC)-242, 

Zaimokuza,  Kamakura-shi, 

Kanagawa-ken  (2-1720) 


Grube,  Miss  Alice,  IBC  (UPC) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Giienther,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Heinz 
(Anneliese)         IBC         (UCC) 
—  Kwansei  Gakuin  House  No.  2 
Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(5-2170) 


Gueres,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
MSL  c/o  Tokyo  Lutheran 
Center,  16,  1-chome,  Fujimi- 
cho,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 

IT  II  16 


Gulley,   Mr.  &  Mrs.   Norman  R., 
SDA-  Japan  Missionary  College 
Sodegaura-machi,  Chiba-ken 
(Sodegaura  18) 


if 


Gundersen,  Miss  Johanna,  FCM 
57-1,  Shimo-Genroku,  Katsu- 
yama-shi,  Fukui-ken 


if  v  ?  -  -t  y 

Gunther,  Miss  Rubena,  MBM— 
59,  Sompachi-cho,  Ikeda-shi, 
Osaka  (6  8710) 


Gurjfanus,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  L.  T.,  CC 
-  138,  Takegahana,  Matsudo- 
shi,  Chiba-ken 


Gulbrandaen,   Mrs.   Dagny,  FCM 

48,     Kiyokawa-cho,     Takefu- 

shi,  Fukui-ken     (Takefu  1064) 


if  >\,  y'  yv  K  -t  ^ 

Gullatt,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Tom  D.,  SB 
-755,  Kamagami-cho,  Mito-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken  (2-2019) 


Gwinn,  Miss  Alice  E.,  IBC 
(UCBWM)—  Nishi-iru,  Imade- 
gawa-Agaru,  Karasuma-Dori, 
Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto  (45-0147) 


470 


DIRECTORIES 


H 

Habbestad,  Miss  June,  TEAM— 
1164,  Nakamaru-mae,  Minami- 
zawa  Kurume-machi,  Kitatama- 
gun,  Tokyo 


Hagen,  Miss  Kirsten,  FCM— 
73-9,  Minamiyama-cho,  Seto- 
shi,  Aichi-ken  (Seto  6348) 


Hagen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Larry  A., 
IND—  29-6,  Koeijutaku,  Koetoe, 
Wakkanai-shi,  Hokkaido 


-6 


Hagstrom,  Miss  Britta,    OMSS— 
122,    Aoi-cho     Minato,     Waka- 
yama-shi     (3-8574) 
122 


Hain,  Miss  Irene,  GAM—  56, 
Hakakita  3-jo,  Bisai-shi,  Aichi- 
ken  (Ichinomiya  62-1462) 


Hailstone,  Miss  M.  E.,  SPG—  1046, 
Hiratsuka  7-chome,  Shinagawa- 
ku,  Tokyo  (781-4736) 

-1046 

•^  -f  >\s  ^  h  —  V 


Halberg,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Roland 
(Margaret)  CBFMS—  70,  Seisho 
Tosho  Kankokai,  Box  66,  Sen- 
dai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 


66 


Hale,  Miss  Elizabeth  M.,  CMS— 
1-chome,  Iga-cho,  Tokushima- 
shi  (3-1072) 


Haley,  Mrs.  Virginia  B.,  IND— 
St.  Paul's  University,  3-chome, 
Ikebukuro,  Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
(983-0111) 


Halliday,  Miss  Gladys,  JIM—  3, 
Higashi  Hon-machi,  Shimo- 
gamo,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Halstrom,     Mr.     &    Mrs.     Dale, 
EFCM 
(Furlough  June  1964—1965) 

Hamer,    Mr.    He  jo    H.,  GEAM— 
401,  Osasa-machi,  Fukuoka-shi 
(76-5473) 
?IIS3rfJ/h  W  401 

Hamilton,  Miss  Blanche,  ABWE 
—  Chuo  Bldg.  3-6,  Kajiya-cho, 
Kagoshima-shi  (3-2353) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


471 


Hamilton,  Miss  Florence,  MSCC 
—4402,  Baba-cho,  Ueda-shi, 
Nagano-ken  (1361) 


Hansen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Sven-Olof, 
SAMJ—  139,  5-chome,  Iga-cho, 
Okazaki-shi,  Aichi-ken 

-139 


,N  *  /u  h  y  ! 

Hammer,  Rev.  Raymond,  Ph.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  CMS  8,  2-chome, 
Tamagawa  Naka-machi,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (701-0575/6) 


Hammond,    Mr.    &     Mrs.    Alvin 
(Eleanor),  CnC—  345,  Mukodai, 
Aza  Onta,    Higashi-Murayama- 
shi,  Tokyo 
(Kokubunji  9-1400) 
JK#»mWUl  ffi*#IBlfllHj  £  345 
~*v  K 

Hancock,  Mr.  John  W.,  OMF- 
1-chome,  Izumi  machi,  Akabira- 
shi,  Hokkaido 


Hannemann,  Mr.  Carl  F.,  Ph.  D. 
&  Mrs.,  MSL-43  5,  Fujimi- 
cho,  Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(473-0472) 

5-43 


Hannestad,  Dr.  Bertha,  M.D., 
NMA  220,  Yamashita-cho, 
Yokohama  (68-2653) 


Hanson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edward  G., 
JGL-  56,  Koyama-Itakura-cho, 
Kita-ku,  Kyoto 


s-'s  y  v 

Hanson,  Miss  Marion,  ALC  — 
1807,  Hanegi-cho,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo  (322-0445) 

^  v  y  v 

Haraughty,  Miss  Mary  L.,  PCUS 
—439,  Nakabu,  Marugame-shi, 
Kagawa-ken  (455) 


Harbin,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  V.(  Winnie 
Lee),  IBC  (MC)  -6,  Kansei 
Gakuin,  Nishi-nomiya-shi, 

Hyogo-ken     (5-2070) 


^  -  k'  V 

Hardenberg,  Miss  Maria,  GAM  - 
56,     Hakakita     3-jo,     Bisai-shi, 
Aichi-ken 
(Ichinomiya  62  1462) 


Harder,  Miss  Helene,  LCA— 
979,  Hamamatsu-cho,  Maidashi, 
Fukuoka-shi  (65-4580) 


472 


DIRECTORIES 


Hardley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bob,  UMI       Harris,  Miss  Cora,  JEM —44,  Ta, 


(Returning  in  June  address  un 
known  yet) 

x>  -  K  y  - 


Aramachi, 
gata-ken 


Itoigawa-shi,     Nii- 


Hardy,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert  D., 
SB  43,  2-chome,  Hamaura-cho, 
Niigata-shi 


Harris,  Miss  Esma  R.,  WEC—  18, 
Ohashi-cho,  Hikone-shi,  Shiga- 
ken 


Harkness,  Mrs.  Lucetta,  IBC 
(MC)  —11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (408-1914) 


Harland,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Tom,    IND 
-2106,      Kumisawa-cho,      To- 
tsuka-ku,  Yokohama 
(88-0854) 


Harms,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Walter,  MSL 
(Furlough) 

Harms,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Harrefors,  Miss  Ase,  SEOM 
(Furlough) 

Harrigan,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carl,  IND 
-House    #5,     16,     Hachiyaura, 
Yamoto-machi,  Monoo-gun,  Mi- 
yagi-ken 

£#PM*£iB5»e#Wr*>8»l  16 

5  S)  ^  y  jfy 


Harris,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Hugh,  NAV 
—  769-6,  Kitahara  Minamizawa, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (982-8649) 


dbl^  769-6  s*9  X 

Harris,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Thomas 
James,  Jr.,  (Barbara)  IBC 
(RCA)  —Apt.  505,  Santoku 
Bldg.,  3098,  Naka-machi  1- 
chome,  Musashino-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino-Mitaka  2-2194) 


Hf§  t'/L-  505-^-  ^>  y  * 

Harrison,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Colin, 
SPG—  234,  Yamate-cho,  Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama  (64-1688) 


'>  y  y  v 

Hartman,  Miss  Doris,  IBC  (MC) 
—  46,  Kaminagaregawa-cho, 
Hiroshima-shi  (21-6661) 


LIS'l  OF  MISSIONARIES 


r. .; 


Box    2,    Yotsukaido,    Inba-gun, 
Chiba-ken     (Yotsukaido  347) 


Hartley,  Miss  Phyllis,    CN  -P.  O.      Hathaway,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bill.,  BBF 

—1-7-36,     Minamigaoka,     Chi- 
kusa-ku,  Nagoya 
(71-0258) 

-7-36 

*  x  <f 


Hatori,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Akira,  JEMS 
(Taiheiyo  Hosokyokai) 
1433,  2-chome,  Setagaya,    Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 


Hartwig,  Miss  Irmgard,  GMM  — 
Bethesda  Home,  Chosei-gun, 
Chiba-ken  (Chosei  62) 


Haruyama,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Justin 
(Sarah),  IBC  (MC)—  137,  Kami 
Arata-cho,  Kagoshima-shi 
(Kagoshima  4-4774) 


Harvey,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Pharis, 
(Jane)  IBC  (MC)-8  of  6,  1- 
chome,  Oji  Hon-cho,  Kita-ku, 
Tokyo  (911-4711) 

i  TCI  6  <r>  8 


Hash,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Orlando,  ALC 
246,  Aza  Kita  Shinkiri,  Taka- 
shi-cho,    Toyohashi-shi,    Aichi- 
ken     (3  0846) 


Haas,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  LeRoy,    MSL 
-860,  4-chome,  Shimo  Meguro, 
Meguro-ku,  Tokyo     (712  2043) 
U&4  ri!860 

X>—   7s 


Haugen,  Miss  Aase,   FCM-1012, 
Tawara-machi,  Fukui-shi 
(2-6315) 


Hausknecht,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Phillip 
A,  LCA  -921,  2-chome  Sagino- 
miya,  Nakano-ku,  Tokyo 
(385-8612) 


Havlick,  Miss  Dorothy,  IBC  (UPC) 

6    of    13,    4-chome,     Kudan, 

Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo    (261-6763) 

ilCtfaBFttfflKABMTM  13(O6 
^  -y  y  v  9 

Hawbecker,  Rev.  Ned,  IBC  (EUB) 
—  Palmore  Gakuin,  8.  4-chome, 
Kitanagasa-dori,  Ikuta-ku, 

Kobe     (3-5840) 

4  Til  8 


474 


DIRECTORIES 


Hawkinson,    Miss    Marian,    LCA   (  Heck,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John,  OBS 
-  -2429-1,      Higashi-Tsu-Shimo,          —P.  O.  Box  35,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
Ogori-machi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(1096) 

1-2429 
,-h  -  ^  y  V  y 


Hay,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  T.  JEB—  24, 
Oimatsu-cho,  Takaha  Nada-ku, 
Kobe-shi 


Hayes,  Rev.  &  Mrs.   Charles    K., 
SB-350,  2-chome  Nishi  Okubo, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
(351-3562) 

HIEIB*f?&Ke5:*:X{*  2  T(3  350 
-x-T  X 

Haygood,  Dr.  Martha,  M.  D.,    SB 
—  1,  Kami  Ikeda-cho,  Kitashira- 
kawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-5757) 

Jw^rfT/HaK.lbnill/iiipgtnT  i 

^  J  rf  ..,    ],' 

Hayman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.    David   E., 
OMF-49,     Sawada,     Tsukuri- 
michi,  Aomori-shi     (2-4620) 
49 


Hedlund,  Miss  Sonja,  IBC  (MC) 
—  46,  Kaminagaregawa-cho, 
Hiroshima-shi  (21-6661) 


Hegge,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Myron,  TEAM 
—  31,  2-chome,  Hamaura-cho, 
Niigata-shi 


Heggem,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Nils,  IND 
—  50,  Takigatani,  Shioya,  Taru- 
mi-ku,  Kobe 

50 


Heil,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    L.    E.,    JCG 
—  3412,         Shimo-Kawai-machi, 
Hodogaya-ku,  Yokohama 
(Kawai  206) 


Hays,  Rev.  George  H.,  Th.  D.  &  \ 
Mrs.,  SB -19-18,  2-chome,   Ue- 
hara-cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(467-2347) 

2Tf1  18-19 
-x>f  X 


Heim,   Rev.    Kenneth    E.,    PEC— 
48,  1-chome,    Aoyama  Minami- 
cho,        Akasaka,        Minato-ku, 
Tokyo     (Office  408-3435) 
(Home  811-1370) 
JflwIB  m%.  ^iSff  liimiHT  1  TS 
48  ^>fA 

Heimonen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lauri  V., 
FFFM 
(Furlough) 


LIST  OF  MISSION  ARIES 


475 


Heimvik,  Miss  Aud,    NMS  -San  - 
waso,  328-6,  Naizen-cho,  Kashi- 
wara-shi,  Nara-ken     (5205) 
(Furlough      from      November, 
1964) 
£&IIW6Ufjrt«!V  328-6 

-x  1*  A  b*  v   ? 

Hein,  Deaconess  Hannelore, 
MAR-LCM—  133-4,  Aza  Nishi 
Matsumoto,  Nishi  Hirano, 
Mikage-cho,  Higashi  Nada-ku, 
Kobe 


&*:  4-133  -s>fy 

Heintz,  Miss  Otti,  GAM—  c/o 
Komori  Apt.,  2-chome,  Kagiya, 
Gifu-shi 


Heiss,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donald  R., 
SB—  21,  Sawada-cho,  Tsukuri- 
michi,  Aomori-shi  (2-3491) 


Heitkamp,  Miss  Elizabeth,  LCA 
—Kyushu  Jogakuin,  300  Muro- 
zono,  Shimizu-machi,  Kuma- 
moto-shi  (4-0281) 


Helland,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     Bruce, 
TEAM-50  362,  Jyoyama, 

Nagano-shi,  Nagano-ken 

2-50          ^yy  K 


Helland-Hansen,  Miss  Merete, 
NMS  3-chome,  Gakuenmae 
Minami,  Nara-shi  (5-1020) 


Hellberg,  Miss  Gullbritt,  SEMJ— 
1-42,  Ohashinai,  Muroran-shi, 
Hokkaido  (Muroran  6768) 

f8ft  1-42 


Heller,  Miss  Henny,  GAM—  Ken- 
machi,    Kasamatsu-machi,    Ha- 
shima-gun,  Gifu-ken 
(Kasamatsu  3655) 


Helling,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hubert,  CN 
—South,  16,  West  12,  Sapporo- 
shi,  Hokkaido  (3-5040) 

.ibisamttrfira  12  ^m  ie 

-N  \)  V  ? 

Henry,    Mr.     &     Mrs.     Kenneth, 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Henachel,  Miss  Hanna,  NGM— 
217,  Shimorenjaku,  Mitaka-shi, 
Tokyo  (0422-3  3914) 


476 


DIRECTORIES 


Hereford,  Miss   Nannie   M.,    IBC 
(UPC)—  8A    Asahiso,    1  of  178, 
8-chome,     Hon-cho,     Kashiwa- 
zaki-shi,  Niigata-ken 
(Kashiwazaki  2864) 

»Krrif«ffj  w  8  rn 
A8 


<D  i 


Hersey,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Fred,  FWBM 
—  2143,  American-Mura,  Unoki, 
Irumagawa,  Sayama-shi,  Sai- 
tama-ken 


V  -h  M  2143 


Hessel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    Egon,    IND 
-137  4-chome,    Naka   Mikuni- 
gaoka,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka 

^^If'fWilT'tiHig^  17:4  (7)  137 

^x  -y  -t  yL- 

Hesselgrave,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David, 
EFCM 
(Furlough  until  1965) 

Hesselink,  Rev.  John,  (D.  Theol.), 
&Mrs.  Etta,  IBC  (RCA)—  136-1, 
Higashi-cho,  5-chome,  Koganei- 
shi,  Tokyo 

&h(&>  /K£#if]  ^!"J  5  Tf  i  1  <T> 
136  -^  v  -t  U  V  ^ 


Hestekind, 

PCM—  2 


Rev.    &    Mrs. 


Ozato-cho, 
moku,  N»ca-ku,  Yokohama 


205 

,  N»c 
(20-4688) 


H.  N., 
Hon- 


205 


Hetcamp,     Miss    Ruth,     GMM- 
329-5,     Eifuku-cho,     Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo     (321-4794) 
jr«3P&MIK*Wr  329-5 

~*y   h  *  +  V  7° 

Hewitt,  Miss  Mary  Elizabeth, 
IBC  (UCC)  —25,  Nishi  Kusabuka, 
Shizuoka-shi  (53-0988) 


Heywood,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ronald  E., 
JEB—  1  of  53,  1-chome,  Himuro- 
cho,  Hyogo-ku,  Kobe 

iffr  i  r0  5301 


Hibbard,  Miss  Esther  L.,  (Ph.  D.)  , 
IBC  (UCBWM)  -  Muromachi- 
dori,  Imadegawa  Agaru,  Kami- 
kyo-ku,  Kyoto  (44-5642) 


Hicks,  Captain  Joyval,  SA—  17, 
2-chome,  Kanda  Jimbo-cho,  Chi- 
yoda-ku,  Tokyo  (261-7311) 


17 


Highfill,  Miss  Virginia,  SB—  6- 
38,  Minami-cho,  Itabashi-ku, 
Tokyo  (955-5860) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


477 


Hijfhwood,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David  C., 
OMF—  Kaihoku,  Kashin  Shigai, 
Utashinai-shi,  Hokkaido 


Hilburn,  Rev.  Samuel,  Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs.  Blanche,  IBC  (MC)—  Kan- 
sei  Gakuin  Noson  Center,  1466, 
Kashita,  Sanda-shi,  Hyogo-ken 


Hillhouae,  Miss  Helen,  IBC  (MC) 
Keimei  Koto  Gakko,  4-chome, 
Nakayamate-dori,  Ikuta-ku, 
Kobe  (22-7230) 


Hindal,  Miss  Hope,  TEAM 
(Furlough) 

Hinkle,  Miss  Mary  Gertrude, 
PCUS-17,  Chokyuji-machi, 
Higashi-ku,  Nagoya  (97-8898) 

££mmiici2£&3r-Kr  17 

t  >  9  i\, 

Hinz,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    David,    MSL 
—2458-2,   Suido-cho,    Nagaoka- 
shi,  Niigata-ken 
(Nagaoka  3845) 

2-2458 


Hire,       Miss       Eleanore,       IBC 
(UCBWM)—  Interboard   House, 
2,       Higashi     Toriizaka-machi, 
Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(481-3325) 

HE&iWiKJffffiJitJUJgJSW  2 

-f  >^---i*-  K 


Hinchman,     Mr.     &    Mrs.    B.  L., 
ABFMS— 69,    Okamoto,    Moto-   j 
yama-cho,     Higashi     Nada-ku,   i 
Kobe     (85-0446) 

tn&ii[X#iiiiflji«69 


Hoavrlund,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Alan, 
LCA—  1628     Higashi     Sabarei, 
Bofu-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(2-1876) 
III  PWKjWr|im(fctt^  1628 

*  -  /  7  v  K 

Hodgea,  Rev.  &    Mrs.    Olson    S.f 
BBF—  4-639,     Makuhari-machi, 
Chiba-shi     (3-8347) 
639-4 


Hoffman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.   Willis    R., 
MJO-40,  5-chome,  Tokugawa- 
cho,  Higashi-ku,  Nagoya 
(94-4694) 


Hoffner,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Karl 
(Agda),  OMSS-2480,  Onuma, 
Sagamihara-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Sagamihara  52-1179) 


.-n  -7  7-  - 

Hoh,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David  J.,  LCA 
—351,  Oe-machi,  Moto,  Kuma- 
moto-shi  (4-0566) 


478 


DIRECTORIES 


Hoke,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donald  E., 
TEAM 

(Furlough      until      September 
1965) 

Holdcroft,  Miss  Joy,  AFC  -2, 
Amagaya  Aza,  Miharu,  Ta- 
mura-gun,  Fukushima-ken 


Holdcroft,  Miss  Mary  Frances, 
ACF  —2,  Amagaya-Aza,  Miharu, 
Tamura-gun,  Fukushima-ken 


P  7  \- 

Holecek,      Mr.     &     Mrs.     Frank 
(Ruth),      CBFMS  -Wakamiya- 
cho,  Kitakami-shi,  Iwate-ken 
(Hirano  945  Yobidashi) 


Hollaway,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ernest 
Lee,  Jr.,  SB—  356,  2-chome, 
Nishi  Okubo,  Shinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo  (341  0638) 

2  TFT  356 


Holmgren,  Mr.  &  Mrs.    Carl    A., 
ABFMS 

(Furlough) 

Holritz,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    Bernard, 
TEAM  -706,     2-chome,     Nari- 
mune,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(312-5146) 

;•,;•;  2  rri  706 


Holte,  Miss  Roselyn,  ALC 

(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Holthe,  Miss  Ragna,  NMS 
(Furlough) 

Homerstad,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John, 
ALC  -1984,  Otsu-dori,  Shimada- 
shi,  Shizuoka-ken  (4338) 


,-h  - 


-7- 


Honaman,  Mr.    &    Mrs.    William 
Fredrick,     PEC—  48,     1-chome, 
Aoyama  Minami-cho,  Akasaka, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(Office  408-3436) 
(Home  408-2524) 

1-48 


Hoover,  Miss  Annie,  SB  —  Nishi 
14-chome,  Minami  22-jo,  Sap- 
poro-shi,  Hokkaido  (5-1362) 


Horgen,  Miss  Borghild,  NEOM— 
84,  2  Sakae-cho,  Haramachi-shi, 
Fukushima-ken 
^^WrTfT^IHT  2-84 

rh  ^  y  V 

Horn,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clifford,  MSL 
—2-224,  Takahana-cho,  Omiya- 
shi,  Saitama-ken  (41-1598) 

-2 


LIST  OF  MISSION  A  RIES 


479 


Horninjf,     Miss     Enid     M.,     IBC 
(UCC)    -Ryogoku,       Tomisato- 
mura,  Imba-gun,  Chiba-ken 
(Ryogoku  40,  c/o  Naito) 


Horton,  Miss  Frances,  SB  -352, 
2-chome,  Nishi  Okubo,  Shin- 
juku-ku,  Tokyo  (351  3562) 


*  -  h  v 

Horton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Fred  M., 
SB  -11  798,  Nishishin-machi, 
Fukuoka-shi  (82  3597) 


Hoshizaki,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Reiji,  SB 
—36,  3-chome,  Otana-cho,  Chi 
gusa-ku,  Nagoya  (75  4543) 


Hoslett,   Mr.  Sherman,    Ph.  I).  & 
Mrs.,     ALC    c/o       ICU   -1,500 
Osawa  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(3-3131) 


Hottenbacher,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Dan- 
Kmar,  GAM  -Hinode-machi, 
Kuroda,  Kisogawa-cho,  Haguri- 
gun,  Aichi-ken 


Hovey,  Miss  Marion,  TEAM—  2- 
65,  Yunago-cho,  Hitachi  shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


Howard,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Stanley  P., 
Jr.,  SB  -537,  Suwanodai,  Tomi- 
no,  Kokura-ku,  Kitakyushu-shi, 
Fukuoka-ken  (52  0192) 


-  K 


Howder,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert, 
ABWE-c/o  V-Chandler  P.  O. 
Box  393,  Kobe 

(New  Missionaries  expected  in 
1964) 

Howell,  Miss  Elizabeth,  IBC  (MC) 
—  Fukuoka  Jogakuin    35    Kami 
Osa,  Oaza,  Fukuoka-shi 
(58  2405) 


Howlett,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     Floyd, 
(Doreen),  IBC  (UCC) 
Higashi     2-  jo,     Kita     6-chome, 
Nayoro-machi,  Nayoro-shi, 

Hokkaido     (2659) 


Hoyer,  Rev.  &  Mrs-  Virgil,  ALC 
222,  Kamiikegawa-cho,  Hama 
matsu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(71  2836) 


480 


DIRECTORIES 


Huddle,  Rev.  B.  Paul,  S.T.D.   & 
Mrs.  LCA—  921,  2-chome,  Sagi- 
nomiya,  Nakano-ku,  Tokyo 
(385-4626) 


Huddle,  Miss  Elizabeth  C.,  LCA 
(Furlough  until  Dec.  1964) 

Hudson,  Miss  Betty,  IND—  2280, 
Shinohara-cho,  Kohoku-ku, 
Yokohama 


^  K  y  v 

Hudson,  Miss  Lenore,  SB—  Seinan 
Jogakuin,  Shimo  Itozu,  Kokura- 
ku,  Kitakyushu-shi,  Fukuoka- 
ken  (56-1165) 


Hufnagel,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Daniel, 
OMF  —  Tomikawa-machi,  Hi- 
daka,  Hokkaido 


Huggins,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Phares, 
WMC-850,  Tenjin-cho,  Sasebo- 
shi,  Nagasaki-ken  (2-6909) 


Hughes,  Mrs.  Marie,  JFM—  P.  O. 
Box  9,  Kashiwara-shi,  Nara-ken 
(07441-3587) 


Hume,  Miss  Doris,  FEGC 
(Furlough) 

Hunter,  Rev.  David,  IBC  (MC)  — 
Chinzei    Gakuin,    Sakaeda-cho, 
Isahaya-shi,  Nagasaki-ken 
(1693) 


Hunter,  Mr.  Donald  M.,  IND— 
769,  3-chome,  Kitahara,  Minami- 
zawa,  Kurume-machi,  Kitatama- 
gun,  Tokyo  (Tanashi  7-1527) 


-769 


Hunter,  Miss  Vivian,  ACPC-57, 
Akasaka-cho,      5-chome,      Chi- 
kusa-ku,  Nagoya 
SSMrfj^SKffcKHr  5  T§  57 
^  v  2  - 

Huttenlock,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George 
(Sue)  ,  CBFMS—  c/o  Seisho 
Tosho  Kankokai,  P.  O.  Box  66, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 


66 


Hyland,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Philip,  ALC 
—  432  Furusho,  Shizuoka-shi 
(52-5566) 


K 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


481 


HymeN,  Rev.  &   Mrs.    Robert    A. 
AG—  430-1,     3-chome,     Koma- 
gome,  Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
(982-1551) 

430-1 


Hyndman,  Miss  Mavis  J.,  PCC— 
24,  Wakamiya-cho,  Shinjuku- 
ku,  Tokyo  (269-2909) 


I 


Ibstedt,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Nils,  SFM- 
565,  Shimo  Ozo,  Enzan-shi, 
Yamanashi-ken 


Ingebretsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    Ernst, 
NMS—  1-700,   Nakasho,    Izumi- 
sano-shi,  Osaka 
(Izumisano  1280) 


Ichikawa,  Mr.  Ben,  JEM-c/o 
Bible  School,  Kujiranami-machi, 
Kashiwazaki-shi,  Niigata-ken 


Ige,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Daniel,  MSL— 
(Furlough) 

Ikenouye,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Iwao  JEM 
(Furlough  until  August,   1965) 


Ingulsrud,  Rev  Lars,  ALC 
(Furlough  until  Summer,  1965) 

Irwin,  Rev.  Allen  L.   (Ph.  D.)    & 
Mrs.   Marie,  IBC  (UCBWM)  — 
33,     Uwa-cho,    Komegafukuro, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(23-3834) 


r  -  *  -r  v 


Jaabaek,  Miss  Petra,  NLM-121, 
Soto  Nakabara-cho,  Matsue-shi, 
Shimane-ken  (2-5618) 


Jackson,  Miss  Alice  M.  IND-61, 
1-chome,  Yahara-cho,  Nerima- 
ku,  Tokyo 


9  y 


Imai,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gordon  (Joan)    ',   Jackson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth  L. 


IBC      (UCC) 

Fukuda-cho, 

Okayama-ken 


316,      Kitase, 
Kurashiki-shi, 
(55-8076) 


IliC  (UCBWM) -10,  Daido-cho, 
Shugakuin,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-5330) 

10 

^  y  v 


482 


DIRECTORIES 


Jacobsen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Morris,  JEM    j   Jarvis,  Rev.  F.  D.,  Th.  D.,  &  Mrs. 


—  c/o  Seisho  Gakuin,  Kujira 
nami-machi,  Kashiwazaki-shi 
Niigata-ken 

tfBfttittffittttm1 

ix  -v  n  -7*  -fe  y 

James,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Max  H.  WEC 
(Furlough  until  March  1965) 

James,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    William    O. 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  fall  1965) 

Jansson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Helge, 
OMSS—  c/o  Swedish  Mission,  1- 
254,  Hiraoka-cho,  Sakai-shi, 
Osaka 

7x(S/Wffj^|*pfJ  1-254 
X  *  x  -  T-"  y    <   y  -y  3  y 

-^  V  y    y 

Jansson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lars,  (Lizzi) 
ECC—  35,     Toyoura,     Kuroiso- 
machi,  Tochigi-ken 
(Kuroiso  669) 


•Y  y  y  y 

Jansson,  Mr.  Martin  SBM—  79, 
Nishikumiura  Ueda,  Morioka- 
shi,  Iwate-ken 

£^m«m±Hffi£a«  79  <&  2 

•f  y  y  y 

Janzen,    Rev.    &     Mrs.     George 
GCMM 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 


NLL-1736,  Katayama  Niza- 
machi,  Kita-Adachi-gun,  Sai- 
tama-ken  (Tanashi  7-1625) 

^mjbjens&if&roTtiij  1735 

is  -Y  —  b"  X 

Jastram,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Robert, 
MSL  —  3-chome,        Ote-machi, 
Shibata-shi,  Niigata-ken 
(Shibata  2238) 


Jeanes,  Miss  Dorothy,  FEGC— 
1242,  Yorii-machi,  Osato-gun, 
Saitama-ken 

iHi  1242 


Jenkins,  Miss  Jackie  FEGC— 
111,  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama  (49-9017) 

*Sir|jW$JnKS3K  HI 

ix  x  y  ^  y  ^. 

Jenny,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Rudolph  G., 
LCA—  1306,      Miyagino      Hon- 
machi,     4-chome,     Kokura-ku, 
Kitakyushu--shi,  Fukuoka-ken 
(52-6925) 


1306 


Jensen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  E.  E.,  SDA— 
164,  Onden,   3-chome,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo     (401-1171) 
3-164 


LIS'I    (  »1     MISSION  \K11  S 


483 


Jensen,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Louis    F., 
CMSJ 
(Furlough  till  Sept.  1965) 

Jensen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Roy  TEAM 
—26,      Kami      Kurumi-machi, 
Kanazawa-shi,  Ishikawa-ken 
(6  4827) 


Joerneman,  Miss  Brita,  SFM  — 
319,  Kushigata-machi,  Ogasa- 
wara,  Nakakoma-gun,  Yama- 
nashi-ken 

£JlC  319 


Johansson,     Miss     Inger,    OMSS 
—  65,     2-chome,      Nishi-machi, 
Shonai,  Toyonaka-shi,  Osaka 
2  Tl  I  65 


Johnsen,  Rev.    &    Mrs.    Paul    C., 
ALC 

(Furlough  until  summer  1965) 

Johnson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bo,  SFM  - 
1953,    Nagata-cho,    Minami-ku, 
Yokohama 
*&ifffflK*fflBJ  1953 

ix  j  -s  y  v 

Johnson,  Dr.  C.  I).,  M.  D.  &  Mrs. 
SDA 
(Leave  of  absence) 


Johnson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Dwight, 
LCA    Kawarasaki,       Okatomi, 
Nobeoka-shi,  Miyazaki-ken 
(5965) 


Johnson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Gerald, 
GFA    64,    Midorigaoka,    Hon- 
moku,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
(64-8812) 


Johnson,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Gordon, 
CMSJ-1822,     Kowada,    Chiga- 
saki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Fujisawa  6-7483) 
W2iJII!R^<ftffj/JvftIffl  1822 

V/  a   '/  V  V 

Johnson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harold  I. 
WM  11,  Nakamaru-machi,  Ita- 
bashi-ku,  Tokyo  (955  5401) 


y 


Johnson,  Rev.  Harriet  Ann,  IBC 
(UPC)  --2542,  Yuki-cho,  Tsu- 
shi,  Mie-ken 


Johnson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John   SFM 
122,  2-chome,  Iwama-cho,  Hodo- 
gaya-ku,  Yokohama 
(43  0643) 

122 
y  v 


484 


DIRECTORIES 


Johnson,  Miss  Mary,  JPM— 1235, 
Matsunoki-cho,  Suginami-ku, 
Tokyo  (312-1539) 

>>  3  y  v  y 

Johnsrud,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Leroy 
ALC  -20,  2-chome,  Tokiwadai, 
Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo  (961-5524) 
^KfB'KJiKSlSa'  2  TI3  20 

i/  3  v  *  /u  •/  K 

Jolliff,  Mr.  Bob,  CC  -4048,  Omika, 
Kuji-machi,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi- 
ken  (Kujihama  2251) 


Jones,  Miss  Gladys  CBFMS— 
26-5,  Izumigaoka,  Shiogama- 
shi,  Miyagi-ken  (2-4611) 


Jones,  Miss  Glenys,  CJPM—  202, 
Shimoizumi,  Ishikawa-machi, 
Ishikawa-gun,  Fukushima-ken 


Jones,  Miss  Gwyneth  B.  CJPM— 
56,  Nanatsuike,  Koriyama-shi, 
Fukushima-ken 


Jones,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Henry  (Mau- 
rine),  IBC  (UPC)—  4  of  7,  5- 
chome,  Denenchofu,  Ota-ku, 
Tokyo  (721-3980) 


-  v  X 


Jones,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  M.  Joe,  QMS 
(Furlough  from  Feb.  1964  to 
Aug.  '65) 

Jones,    Miss    Martha,  SDA  — 164, 
Onden     3-chome,     Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo     (401  1171) 
HOKifl^lKGgffl  3-164 

^  3  -  V  X 

Jones,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  L.,  (Jean) 
IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1964-'65) 

Jones,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William  F., 
PEC— 231,  Nakajima,  Okamoto, 
Motoyama-cho,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


Jonsson,  Miss  Sigrid,  SEMJ 
(Furlough  until  Spring  1965) 

Jorgenrud,  Miss  Inger-Johanne, 
NEOM—  41,  Sekifune,  Joban- 
shi,  Fukushima-ken 


Joseph,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Kenny, 
TEAM—  419,  Eifuku-cho,  Sugi 
nami-ku,  Tokyo  (321-9625) 

j£«tfl^K7»Hj  419 

i/  a  -t  y 

Jossang,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lars 
(Ingrid),  NLM—  19,  4-chome, 
Nishi  Akashi-cho,  Akashi-shi, 
Hyogo-ken 

P  19 


MS'I  OF  MISSIONARIES 


185 


Joyce,  Mr.    &    Mrs.    James,    IBC 

(MC) 

(Furlough) 
Juergensen,  Miss  Marie,  AG—  64, 

6-chome,  Takinogawa,  Kita-ku, 

Tokyo     (983-2217) 


ix  *  fr  >r  >  -t  v 

Junker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Calvin, 
TEAM-2109,  Kita-ku,  Agata- 
machi,  Matsumoto-shi,  Nagano- 
ken 


Juten,  Miss  Shirley,  IBC  (EUB) 
—Apt.  11,  Hachiyaso,  72,  1- 
chome,  Harajuku,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (401-6500) 


J  *  -  7-  V 


Kamitsuka,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arthur 
(Lily),  IBC  (UPC)—  Kita  7- jo, 
Nishi  6-chome,  Sapporo-shi, 
Hokkaido  (71-6653) 


Kanagy,      Rev.      & 
(Adella),  JMM 
(Furlough) 


Mrs.     Lee 


Karhu,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Clifton,  IND 
—  11-1,  2-chome,  Sugino-cho, 
Nagara,  Gifu-shi 


Karikoski,    Rev.    &   Mrs.  Pentti, 
LEAF  -108,    Kobinata     Suido- 
cho,  Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo 
(941-7659) 

108 


K 


Hailing,  Miss  Ruth,  ABFMS  -77, 
Kuritaya,  Kanagawa-ku,  Yoko 
hama  (49  3890) 


Kamikawa,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Aigi 
(Kiyo),       IBC    (UCMS)-4425, 
Suzumori,      Niikura,     Yamato- 
machi,  Saitama-ken 
(Asaka  61-3039) 


Karlson,  Miss  Florence,  TEAM  - 
15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 

Karlsson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Einar  SFM 
122,      2-chome,      Iwama-cho, 
Hodogaya  ku,  Yokohama 
(43  0643) 


•h  -  >\,  y  v 

KarlsHon,  Miss  Gunborg,  SEOM 
(Furlough) 


486 


DIRECTORIES 


Karpa,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Karl,  ABFMS 
—  c/o  Christian  Servicemen's 
Center,  844,  1-chome,  Higashi- 
kata  Kawashimo,  Kuruma,  Iwa- 
kuni-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 

ojpmwBifrifijirBJi/j  i  TH 

844  ijfr'i 

Karpenko,    Mr.    William,  MSL— 
c/o     Sapporo     Youth     Center, 
Nishi    6,    Minami-Oodori,    Sap- 
poro-shi,  Hokkaido 
(Sapporo  3-4462) 

itmmmjtimx.&m  6 

s-  -  7.  -fe  V  2  - 


Kataja,  Miss  Vappu,  LEAF 
(Furlough) 

Katsu,  Mr.  Kim-  440,  2-chome, 
Honmoku-cho,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama 

n  440 


Kauffman,  Rev.   &   Mrs.    Donald 
PAC—  77,      Kita-Shichiban-cho, 
Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(2-7282) 


Kawashima,  Miss  Tamie  FKK— 
c/o  Tannowa  Seisho  Kyokai, 
4860,  5-chome,  Tannowa, 
Misaki-cho,  Sennan-gun,  Osaka 
(Tannowa  235) 


Kaylor,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Leo,  IND- 
49,  Yamashita-cho,  Omuta-shi, 
Fukuoka-ken 


Keeler,  Miss  Dale,  IBC  (MC)  — 
c/o  Seiwa  Woman's  College, 
Okadayama,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5-0709) 


Keighley,  Rev.  &   Mrs.   Leonard 
(Isobel),  IBC  (UCC) 
5  of  7,  Takamine-cho,  2-chome, 
Kokura-ku,       Kita-Kyushu-shi, 
Fukuoka-ken     (56-0401) 


07-5  *-*!)- 

Keith,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Billy    P.    SB 
—2,  Kita   8-jo,    Nishi    6-chome, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(71-5322) 

;1b  8  ^i/g  6  T  P  2 


Kellerman,  Miss  Jean,  IBC  (EUB) 

—  72,    Sashigaya-cho,    Bunkyo- 
ku,  Tokyo     (811-5516) 


Kelly,  Miss  Daphne  I.,  OMF—  9, 
Aza  Karita,  Oaza  Koyanagi, 
Aomori-shi 


LIS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


487 


Kelly,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Merle  I.,  PCUS 
17,  Chokyuji-machi,  Higashi-ku, 
Nagoya  (97-8886) 

£aMffimKS#j$«r  17 

>r  ])  ~ 

Kenney,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carlton,  IND 
—5688,  Hino,  Hino-shi,  Tokyo 


Kenny,      Miss     Pearl,     IND  --16, 
Hachiyaura,    Yamoto-cho,    Mo- 
noo-gun,  Miyagi-ken 
£«m&£SB£;#WmSi$  16 

>r  —  — 

Kennedy,    Mr.    &     Mrs.    Arthur, 
OMF—  4-334,  Seijo-machi,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo     (416-1934) 
<T£^ffiffl£K$*W  344-4 

T  *  r  - 

Kennedy,  Miss  Helen,  JEM- 
645-1,  Tsuruma,  Fujimi-mura, 
Iruma-gun,  Saitama-ken 

-645 


Kennedy,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hugh,  JIM 
—  3,  Higashi,  Hon-machi,  Shimo- 
gamo,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Keplinger,  Miss  Carol,  IBC- 
(UCBWM)-  c/oKobeJogakuin, 
Okadayama,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5  1020) 


T  -7V  's  if  - 


Kern,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Edwin  C., 
NAB—  208-98,  Otani-cho,    Tsu- 
shi,  Mie-ken     (8-6579) 
-98 


Kerehaw,  Miss  Grace,  ACPC-57, 
5-chome,  Akasaka-cho,  Chikusa- 
ku,  Nagoya-shi 


Kiel,    Miss    Janet     R.,    IGL-93, 
Uyama,      Sumoto-shi,     Awaji- 
shima,  Hyogo-ken     (1028) 
mij  93 


Kilbourne,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ernest 
J.,  QMS 

(Furlough   from    June    '64    for 
4  years) 

King,  Miss  Betty,  WMC 

(Furlough      May      1964—  May 
1965) 

King,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George,  BBF 
996-138,  Obanoyama,  Shinohara, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe 

138-996 


King,  Mrs.    Peggy,  WUMS-221, 
Yamate-cho,     Naka-ku,    Yoko 
hama     (64  3993) 
Will  retire  in  Sept.  1964 


488 


DIRECTORIES 


Kinley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Philip,  CG— 
86,        4-chome,        Higashi-cho, 
Koganei-shi,  Tokyo 
(0423-8-3184) 

-86 


Kirkman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  D.  V.,  (Jan 
Teruko),  IBC  (UPC) 
(Furlough  1964-5) 

Kistler,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Luther  D. 
LCA—  370,  2-chome,  Shinmachi, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

-370 


Kitchen,    Rev.    &  Mrs.  Theodore 
J.,    (Margaret)   IBC  (MQ—  12, 
Aoba-cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(401-2006) 

12 


Kivle,  Rev.  Mrs.  Per,  LFCN 
(on  furlough) 

Klahr,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul  F.,  AG 
(Furlough) 

Klassen,  Miss  Irene,  JEM—  23-1, 
Saiwai-cho,  Takada-shi,  Nii- 
gata-ken 


9  =7  y  -t  ^ 

Klaus,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John  H.,ACC 
—  K-7,  3,  4-chome,  Sengen-cho, 
Fuchu-shi,  Tokyo 

4-3  K-7 


Klein,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Norbert, 
GEAM  —  8,  Shimogamo  Mae- 
hagi-cho,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Klein  jans,  Mr.  Everett,  Ph.  D.,  & 
Mrs.  Edith,  IBC  (RCA)—  I.  C.  U., 
1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Mitaka  3-3131) 

1500 


9  =?  1  =.  T  v  X 

Klemensson,  Miss  Gudrun,OMSS 
(Furlough) 

Kluttz,  Rev.  Robert,  IND— 
Omachi  2-jo,  8-chome,  Asahi- 
kawa-shi,  Hokkaido 


Knabe,  Miss  Elizabeth,  ABFMS— 
c/o  Tokyo  Joshi  Daigaku,    124, 
3-chome,  logi-machi,  Suginami- 
ku,  Tokyo     (390-5522) 
-124 


Knight,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Allan    H. 
OMF-20,       Kita      Nukazuka, 
Hachinohe-shi,  Aomori-ken 
(Furlough  from  Nov.) 

20       •)-  ^  Y 


Knight,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Brantley 
TEAM—  15-15,    3-chome,    Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
-15-15 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


489 


Knoble,  Mr.  &  Mrs.   John,  (Bar 
bara),  TEAM—  1199-A,   Karui- 
zawa-machi,  Nagano-ken 
^fm$5#£W  1199-A 

/  —  -/^ 

Knoll,  Miss  Carol,  FEGC—  1010, 
Takasaka,  Higashi  Matsuyama- 
shi,  Saitama-ken 


Knoll,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  James,  TEAM 
Nagisa  Kaigan,  Hojo,  Tate- 
yama-shi,  Chiba-ken 


Knutsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edvin, 
NEOM  —  Onda  42,  Ueda, 
Nakoso-shi,  Fukushima-ken 


v  •)•  -,  y  v 

Knutson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Alton,  ALC 
—74,  4-chome  Kotobuki-cho, 
Kariya-shi,  Aichi-ken  (1486) 

??fii  ram  iff  w  4-74 


Knutsen,  Miss  Inger  Johanne, 
NMS—  32,  Teraguchi-cho,  Nada- 
ku,  Kobe  (85-2878) 


^  7.  7-  -t  V 

Kobabe,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Peter,  GAM 
(Furlough  until  Aug.  1965) 


Koch,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Dennis  K., 
LCA-21,  Sumiyoshi-cho, 

Ryuanji,  Ukyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(45-5389) 


Koepke,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Frank,  MSL 
—  6,  2-chome,  Kudan,  Chiyoda- 
ku,  Tokyo  (262  0272) 


Koikkalainen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Pentti, 
FFFM 
(Furlough) 

Kokkoncn,    Miss    Helvi,  FFFM- 

47,       Higashi      Hinokuchi-cho, 
Tanaka,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Kolbenson,  Miss  Bertha,  OEM— 
Showa-dori,  Murozumi-machi, 
Hikari-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 


n  /u  ^<  y  y  y 

Kongstein,    Rev.  &    Mrs.   Frank, 
NEOM 

(Furlough  from   June    1964    to 
July  1965) 

Koop,  Rev.  &  Mrs.   Abe.  JMBM 
—  19,    4-chome,     Oishi,    Naga- 
mineyama  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(86  4942) 


490 


DIRECTORIES 


Koop,  Miss  Mary,  NTM— 
Tsukijiso,  1330,  Shimofujisawa, 
Musashi-machi,  Iruma-gun, 
Saitama-ken 


Korver,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ronald  G,. 
(Ruby)  IBC(RCA)—  8453,  Yaho, 
Kunitachi-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (Kunitachi  7-2132) 


Krause,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Sam  H., 
MBM—  60,  Yamasaka-dori  4- 
chome,  Higashi  Sumiyoshi-ku, 
Osaka  (692-2325) 

4-60 


Krauss,  Miss  Anne  P.,  JPM—  1235, 
Matsunoki-cho,  Suginami-ku, 
Tokyo  (312-1539) 

lfUHS$j$^Kfe/  ttf  1235 

^  =7  ^  7, 

Kreyling,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul,  MSL 
—  c/o  Tokyo  Lutheran  Center, 
16,  1-chome,  Fujimi-cho,  Chiyo- 
da-ku,  Tokyo 

SlfiUB^ttraKWrjIWr  1-16 
^M>  -  7-  fr-t  v  2  —  f*3 

9  \s—\)y  ? 

Krick,  Dr.  Ed.,  M.  D.  &  Mrs.,  SDA 
-171,       1-chome,      Amanuma, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(391-5161) 

1-171 

9       ])        y      ? 


Krider,  Rev.  Walter  W.,  IBC(MC) 
—101,  Imazato-cho,  Shiba  Shiro- 
kane,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(473-3294) 
HI«iP£IK£S:&^MlflT  101 

9  7  1  it  ~ 

Kriska,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Brian  G. 
(Sally),  IBC  (UCBWM)—  861, 
Komaba-machi,  Meguro-ku, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo  (467-6020) 


Kristerson,    Miss    Ruth,    CMSJ— 
1068,   3-chome,    Matsubara-cho, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(321-1411) 


Kristiansson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gunnar, 
MCCS—  Ajino,  Kojima-shi,  Oka- 
ya  ma-ken  (72-2024) 


Kroehler,    Mr.    & 
G.        (Laverne 
(UCBWM) 
(Furlough  1964-1965) 


Mrs.  William, 
Mae),      IBC 


Kroehler,    Rev.    &    Mrs.  Armin, 
(Evelyn),  IBC  (UCBWM)  —  1  of 
3651,   Monju    Higashi-ko,   Aizu 
Takada-machi,  Fukushima-ken 
(AIZU  TAKADA  222  KO) 
?I^  -KRM  ^Wfflffll  Vfc  L 
£  kA/l>£  1-3671 

9  V—  7  — 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


491 


Kroeker,  Miss  Anne,  IND— 503, 
Ichinosawa-machi,  Utsunomiya- 
shi,  Tochigi-ken  (2  8141) 


Krummel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John, 
(Fusako)  IBC  (MC)- 116,  6- 
chome,  Aoyama  Minami-cho, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo  (401  2201) 

9  iv  y  jt  >^ 

Kruse,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David  R., 
IND 

(Furlough) 

Kuba,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David  A., 
WGM  c/o  T.  Tsutada,  57, 
Tokiwa  10-chome,  Urawa-shi, 
Saitama-ken 


Kunz,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Arthur,  LM  — 
Saiwai-cho,  Ishioka-shi,  Ibaragi- 
ken 


Kurtz,  Miss  Margaret,  WVMS- 
221,  Yamate,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama  (64  3993) 


Kuecklich,  Miss  Gertrud,  IBC 
(EUB)  —  1364,  Raiha,  Kazo-shi, 
Saitama-ken  (Kazo  341) 


Knutaon,  Mrs.  Helen,  SDA—  164- 
2,  Onden  3-chome,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (401-1171) 


Kuhlman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Frank, 
(Martha)  IBC  (MC)  8,  4- 
chome,  Kita  Nagasa-dori,  Ikuta- 
ku,  Kobe  (3  5840) 


Kusunoki,      Miss     Yasuko,     IBC 
(UCBWM)-c/o  Seiwa  Woman's 
College,  House  #1,  Okadayama, 
Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(5-0709) 


-X  1  tf  ffi 

^  X/  %• 

Kuyten,    Rev.    &    Mrs.  Rudolph, 
(Trina),  IBC  (RCA) 
(Furlough  from    1964  to  1965) 


L 


I^abertew,  Miss  Dorothy  A.,  COG 

-  66,  Shimonamiki,    Kawasaki- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Fleur,  Rev.  William,  CRJM 
—13  6,  Kudan  4-chome,  Chiyo- 
da-ku,  Tokyo  (261  6763) 

n  13-6 


492 


DIRECT  ORIRS 


LaFoe,  Miss  Freda  M.,  CG— 
93,  3-chome,  Okusawa-machi, 
Tamagawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(701-6508) 

3C#5P  tttfflSK  31/11  &ZRNJ  3  T 
093 

7  *  - 

Laitinen,  Miss  Marrta,  LEAF— 
232,  Shiraita-machi,  Matsumoto- 
shi,  Nagano-ken  (3-2213) 


Lam,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Phillip,  FEGC— 
111,  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama  (49-9017) 


Gordon, 


Laman,    Rev.    &    Mrs. 
(Evon)  IBC  (RCA) 
(Furlough  1964-'65) 


Lamb,  Miss  June,  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept  1965) 

Lammers,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
(Martha),  IBC  (UCBWM)  - 
120,  Hokko-cho,  Kitami-shi, 
Hokkaido  (5233) 

120 


Lancaster,  Rev,  &  Mrs.  Lewis  H., 
PCUS—  14,  Tokushima  Hon-cho, 
3-chome,  Tokushima-shi 
(2-6346) 

3Tn  14 


Lancaster,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William, 
BMMJ—  (Furlough) 

Landis,    Miss    Janell    Jean,     IBC 
(UCBWM)  —  33,        Uwa-cho, 

Komegafukuro,  Sendai-shi, 

Miyagi-ken     (23-3834) 


Landes,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  James, 
(Haru)  IBC  (UCBWM)—  c/o 
Aoyama  Gakuin,  22,  Midoriga- 
oka-machi,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(402-8113) 


Lane,  Miss  Dorothea,  SB—  6-38, 
Minami-cho,  Itabashi-ku,  Tokyo 
(955-5860) 

-6       u-f  y 


Lang,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ernst, 
(Dorthea)  IBC  (EUB)—  405, 
Kikuna-machi,  Kohoku-ku, 

Yokohama     (49-9726) 

7  y  ^ 


Langager,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Davis,  LB 
—  10,  Ishiwaki  Tajiri,  Honjo-shi, 
Akita-ken  (Honjo  5749) 


Langland,  Miss  Violet,  IBC  (UCC) 
—5  of  198,  Shoraiso,  Nishino- 
miya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 

198  <T>  5 


LIS'l   OF  MISSIONARIES 


493 


I>anier,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     Inland 
(Joanne)     ABWE—  6,    Azuma- 
cho,  Honjo  machi,  Higashinada- 
ku,  Kobe 
(C.P.O.  Box  1226  Kobe) 


-  T 


1266 


Lant,  Miss  Mary  Jo,  TEAM  — 
1433,  2-chome,  Setagaya,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (414-3166) 

S2T  01433 


Larsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    Morris    C., 
LB 

(Furlough) 

Larson,  Mr.  David.,  S.M.D.  &  Mrs. 
Margaret,     IBC     (UCBWM)  — 
Kobe     Jogakuin,     Okadayama, 
Nishinomiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(5-1020) 


9  —  y  y 

Larson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James,  PCM 
—48,  Hiragata-machi,  Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama 


9  —  y  y 

Larson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lyle,  ALC- 
1807,  Hanegi-cho,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo 

1807 

v  -  V  y 


Larson,  Miss  Ruth,  IND—  290, 
Nishi-ku,  Kunitachi-machi,  Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 


Laug,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George,  TEAM 
—  11,    Nakamaru-cho,   Itabashi- 
ku,  Tokyo     (957-4011) 
(Retire  Summer  1964) 

11 


I>aujfhlin,  Mrs.  Zenith,  IND—  699, 
Kuhonji,  Oe-machi,  Kumamoto- 
shi 


I^utz,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  W.  F.,  TEAM 
—922-4,  Shimotakaido,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 

p  —  -y 

Lautzenheiser,  Miss  Wanda, 
FEGC-  (Return  from  Furlough 
Sept.  '64) 

1101,  Morooka,  Ome-shi,  Tokyo 
(OME  2496) 


P  -  7  x  X^N-f  -*r*- 

I>awrence,  Mr.  Charles,  IND— c/o 
Imaseki,  17,  Honan-cho,  Sugi- 
namiku,  Tokyo 


494 


DIRECTORIES 


Lawson,  Miss  Dorothy,  IBC  (UPC) 
—Room  802  Bible  House,  2, 
Ginza,  4-chome,Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
(561-6966) 


P  -  y  y 


Lea,  Miss  Leonora  E.,  SPG-21, 
2-chome,  Yamamoto-dori,  Ikuta- 
ku,  Kobe  (22-8028) 

2  TF1  21 


Ledden,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George 
Jr.,  BPM—  1582,  Taragi-machi, 
Kuma-gun,  Kumamoto-ken 

f?tma^f$££W  1582 

v  K  V 

Lee,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ivan,  (Daphne) 
ABWE—  Mission  Home,  814, 
Shimoishiki-cho,  Kagoshima-shi 


Lee,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Keith,  WUMS 
—221,  Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku, 
Yokohama  (64-3993) 


Lee,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Keith,  MSL 
—4,  Toryo-cho,  Kitami-shi, 
Hokkaido  (Kitami  4887) 


Lee,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert,  (Nancy) 
JMM—  (Furlough) 


Lehman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Gene  S., 
PEC—  Rikkyo  Daigaku,  Ike- 
bukuro  3-chome,  Toshima-ku, 
Tokyo  (983-0111/2260) 


Leighey,  Mrs.  Robert  A.,  PEC— 
c/o  Aoyagi,  Imadegawa-sagaru, 
Karasuma-dori,  Kamikyo-ku, 
Kyoto  (44-9655) 


Leiyn,  Miss  Jennie,  NTM—  19, 
Shinmei-cho,  Nanao-shi,  Ishi- 
kawa-ken 


Lemmon,  Miss  Vivian,  CnC— 
80,  Shimoyashiki,  Tanabe-shi, 
Wakayama-ken 


Leonard,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clifford, 
NTM—  c/o  Seisho  Kyokai, 
Wajima-shi,  Ishikawa-ken 


-  K 

Lester,  Miss  Elizabeth  M.,  IBC 
(UCBWM)—  c/o  Kobe  Jogakuin, 
Okadayama,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5-1020) 


LIST  OF  MISSION  ARIFIS 


495 


Leth-I>ar8en,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Frode, 
DMS-8-11,  1-chome.  Kasuga- 
cho,  Chiba-shi  (41-2708) 

1  TH  8  $  11  £}• 


Lewis,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John  B.,  PEC 
—St.  Peter's  Church,  881,  Zushi, 
Zushi-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Zushi  2764) 


Limbert,  Miss  Rosemary,  SB  — 
Seinan  Jogakuin,  Itozu,  Kokura- 
ku,  Kitakyushu-shi,  Fukuoka- 
ken  (56  2642) 


Lind,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ingemar,  SFM 
(Furlough) 

Lindberg,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Sten  F., 
BGC—  Shirahama-machi,  Nishi- 
Muro-gun,  Wakayama-ken 


Liechty,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carl,  GCMM 
— 50,    Yodogawa-cho,   3-chome,   ' 
Miyazaki-shi 

£T*$ffT££/H!HT3-50  «;  9  T  ^    i 

Likins,     Mr.     &     Mrs.    Claude, 
(Evelyn),  CnC— 2-26,  Shinohara 
Hon-cho,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(421-1740) 


Linde,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Richard 
(Janet),  IBC  (MC)-c/o  I.C.U., 
1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  3-3131) 


V  V  K 

Linden,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arne,  SAMJ 
—56,  Wakamiya-cho,  Toyo- 
kawa-shi,  Aichi-ken  (4028) 


Linden,  Miss  Gunvor,  SAMJ— 
425,  Honan-cho,  Suginami-ku, 
Tokyo 


Linjfle,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wilbur,  PF 
—112,  Aza  Obari,  Oaza-Taka- 
bari,  Itaka-cho,  Chikusa-ku, 
Nagoya  (70-1072) 


Lipponen,  Miss  Sanna,  LEAF 
(Furlough) 

Little,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lea  N.,  OMF 
(Furlough  from  July  1964) 

Littman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  George  M., 
IND—  Far  East  Broad  Casting 
Co.,  Naha,  Okinawa  (9  78208) 


i;  y  Y'^~ 


196 


DIRECTORIES 


Livingston,  Rev.    &   Mrs.   Jerry,      Lonander,     Rev.    &     Mrs.    Ake, 
LCA  SAMJ 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965)  (Furlough  until  1965) 


Livingston,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Theodore 
W.,  ABFMS-  (Furlough) 

Ljokjell,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arnold 
(Rigmor),  NLM—  27-5,  Chimori- 
machi,  1-chome,  Suma-ku, 
Kobe  (7-1662) 

1  TP  5-27 


Lloyd,  Rev.  Gwilym  G.,  Ph.  D.,  & 
Mrs.  Jean,   IBC  (UPC)-Nishi- 
Iru,  Imadegawa-Agaru,  Karasu- 
ma-dori,  Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(45-0147) 


P  -i  K 

Lloyd,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John  J.,  PEC 
—P.  O.  Box  8,  Yokkaichi-shi, 
Mie-ken 

(Home  Yokkaichi  2-4567) 
(Office  Yokkaichi  3-2541) 

nmm  ra  n  iff  iff    pq  n  i 

P  -r 


Locker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jack,  IND 
5688,  Hino,  Hino-shi,  Tokyo 
S  05688 


Logan,  Mrs.  Charles  A.,  PCUS— 
Smythe  Hall,  Kinjo  College, 
Omori,  Moriyama-shi,  Aichi-ken 
(Moriyama  3053) 


Long,  Miss  Beatrice,  TEAM 
(Furlough  until  1966) 

Long,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  M.,  JCG 
—  204,  Shimomaruko,  Ota-ku, 
Tokyo  (731-1625) 


Lorah,  Miss  Louneta,  IBC  (MC) 
—10-2,  1-chome,  Shoto-cho, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (467-7909) 
1-10-2 


Loudermilk,  Miss  Betty,  GFA— 
6,  1-chome,  Kokonoe-cho,  Gifu- 
shi 


Louis,  Miss  Suzanne,  SAJM— 
Chigusa,  Kanai-machi,  Sado- 
gun,  Niigata-ken  (2777) 


Love,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Max    H.,    SB 
—352,     2-chome,     Nishiokubo, 
Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 
(351-3562) 

-352 


Loven,  Miss  Beryle,  IND 
(Furlough) 


.1ST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


497 


Lower,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  R.  W.,  IND  — 
83-4,  Torisu-cho,  Minami-ku, 
Nagoya 


Ludwig,    Rev.    Theodore,  Th.  D., 
&  Mrs.,  MSL-  53,    Fujimi-cho, 
Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(473-2651) 


7  K  *  *  y 

Lueders,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Carl,  MSL 
-645,       Shindo-Kita,       Kami- 
renjaku,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(4-8923) 

;!k  645 


Luke,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Percy  T.,  JEB 

(Furlough) 
Lund,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Norman,  LCA 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 
Luttio,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Philip,  ALC 

(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 
Lynn,  Miss  Orlena,  RPM 

(Furlough  fall  1964) 
Lyon,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Dewitt,  TEAM 

—287,    Ose-machi,    Hitachi-shi, 

Ibaragi-ken 


Lowman,  Miss  Alice,  CEF-  1599, 
Higashikubo,  Kamiarai,  Tokoro-   I 
zawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 
(22  4076) 


M 


MacDonald,  Rev.  Alice  E.,  IBC 
(UPC)  -1-580, 4-chome,  Midori- 
cho,  Odawara-shi,  Kanagawa- 
ken  (Odawara  22-5497) 

19  K^-A-  K 

MacDonald,  Miss  M.  Jean,  IBC 
(UCC)-c/o  Mrs.  Tsuchihashi, 
2-3174,  Suehiro-cho,  Suwa-shi, 
Nagano-ken  (515) 

2  3174 


-*  9  K  -)-  ^  K 

MacDougall,  Mr.  Terry  IBC 
(UCBWM)  Doshisha  High 
School,  Osagi-cho,  Iwakura, 
Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


MacLeod,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ian 
(Virginia,)  IBC  (UCC)  15, 
Shiomidai-machi,  Otaru-shi, 
Hokkaido  (2-7542) 

4b#3t/hfc?fT)llE£«r  15 

•^  y  9  7  •*  K 

MacMurphy,  Rev.  Chas.  B.,  LCA 
—23,  Inari-cho,  Kagoshima-shi 
(2-5969) 


DIRECTORIES 


MacPherson,     Miss    Janet    Ann, 
IBC(UCC)  —  15,  4-chome,  Miya- 
mae-cho,  Kofu-shi,  Yamanashi- 
ken     (Kofu  3-5451) 
|i|«^jmtr£i!W  *  <9  15 

-r  ^  7  r  —  V  V 

Magee,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     George 
(Joyce)  ,  IBC(RCA)  -37,  Yama- 
te-cho,  Naka-ku,  Yokohama 
(64-1183) 


Magruder,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James  T., 
PCUS—  2-1,  3-chome,  Yamada- 
cho,  Nada-ku,  Kobe  (85-2985) 

ftjRffijBiKUj  ffl  KT  3-2-1 

-7  ?  fr  ~  jf  — 

Makinen,  Miss  Anna,  FFFM—  101, 
Kamihate-cho,  Kitashirakawa, 
Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

»  101 


Makkonen,  Miss  Sarah,  LCA  — 
658,  Nanase-machi,  Nagano-shi 
(3-1796) 


Malm,  Rev.  &  Mrs  Erik,  SEOM 
—1675,  Omiya-cho,  Fujinomiya- 
shi,  Shizuoka-ken  (4556) 


Malmvall,     Mr.    &    Mrs.     Filip, 
SAMJ-  257-51,         Kamoe-cho, 
Hamamatsu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(3-5051) 

257-51 


Manierre,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Stanley 
L.,  ABFMS—  66,  5-chome, 
Tsukigaoka-machi,  Chigusa-ku, 
Nagoya  (71-9241) 

*•  IW  5-66 


Mann,  Mr.  «&  Mrs.  Helmut,  LM 
(Furlough) 

Marcks,  Miss  Margaret  M.,  JEB 
—797-2,  Oaza  Shido,  Shido- 
machi,  Okawa-gun,  Kagawa-ken 


797-2  -^  -  ?  * 

Mariya,  Sister  Margaret,  IND- 
PEC—  95,  Aza  Tamada  Shimizu, 
Odawara,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi- 
ken  (3-7354) 


95 


T 


Marsden,     Rev.     &    Mrs.    Alvin, 
BBF—  253,  Shimozato,  Kurume- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  71-0735) 


-r  -  ;*,  7*  V 

Marsh,  Miss  Berni,  WUMS—  221, 
Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama  (64-3993) 


Marsh,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Tomas  E., 
CC—  1097,  Horiuchi,  Hayama- 
cho,  Miura-gun,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Hayama  22  Yobidashi) 

1097 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


Marshall,  Miss  Bertha    Jane,    SB 
—20-21,  Kami  Ikeda-cho,  Kita- 
shirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(78-5777) 
>K$m£#K.ltGJIIJirtkPW  21- 

20  -r 


Martin,     Rev.     &     Mrs.    David, 
TEAM  -6  15,  Gakuen-Higashi- 
machi,  Kodaira-shi,  Tokyo 
m^«P/J^m^HlK«I  6-15 

-?  -  T  4  V 

Martin,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  E.  H.,  CBCM 
—3147,  Irumagawa,  Sayama-shi, 
Saitama-ken 


Martin,    Miss    Grace,    JMM—  c/o 

Hokkaido  International  School, 
Nishi  2-jo,  8-chome,  Tsukisappu, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(86-1933) 


Martin,  Miss  Mary,   ACF    A  33, 
Daizenhara,        Tomioka-machi, 
Futaba-gun,  Fukushima-ken 
fflft!ft5RIIIP*|B3fflT^:»®  33  A 

-7  -  r  <  v 

Martin,  Miss  Marjorie,  IBC  (MC) 
—c/o  Keimei  High  School,  35, 
4-chome,  Nakayamate-dori,  Iku- 
ta-ku,  Kobe  (22-7230) 

-35 


-r-f-y 


Martindale,  Mr.   &    Mrs.  George 
(Helen),  CBFMS—  (Furlough) 

Masaki,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Tomoki, 
SB—  2-35,     Kami      Midori-cho, 
Shichiku,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto 
(45-1792) 

-2 


Mason,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Daryl,  NAV 
—769-6,  Kitahara,  Minamizawa, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (982-8649) 


769-6 

Masson,  Mr.  John  F.,  WEC— 
Shin-machi,  1-chome,  Omihachi- 
man-shi,  Shiga-ken 


Masui,  Rev.  David,  IFG-806, 
Higashi  Oizumi-machi,  Nerima- 
ku,  Tokyo 


Matheson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert  H., 
FEGC  -  (Furlough) 

Matthews,    Rev.   &    Mrs.  Alden, 
(Derrith),  IBC  (UCBWM) 
(Furlough  from  1964-1965) 

Mattmuller,  Miss  Lotte,  OMF— 
Nishi  4-chome,  Kita  3-jo, 
Kutchan-machi,  Abuta-gun, 
Hokkaido 

.Itflfrfl  *tiu«i5  OUai'^iH/  .it  3  && 

4TN  ^hA7- 


500 


DIRECTORIES 


Mattson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Walter  W., 
LCA 

(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

Maxey,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Mark, 
(Pauline),  CnC—  10925,  Nishi- 
hara-cho,  Kanoya-shi,  Kago- 
shima-ken  (2374) 

1W25 


Mayer,  Miss  Margery,  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  from  1964-1965) 

Mayforth,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  C.  Richard, 
NAB-63,  Uchide  Hama-cho, 
Ashiya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 


s  4  7ir-  7, 

Mayo,     Miss    Louise,    BBF—  253, 
Shimozato,          Kurume-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  71-0735) 

253 


McAlister,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  James, 
IND—  22,  Ishibuchi,  Koriyama- 
shi,  Fukushima-ken 


McAlister,  Rev.  &  Mrs.   Eugene, 
IBC     (UCBWM)  —  c/o      Shoei 
Junior  College,  6-chome,  Naka- 
yamate-dori,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe 
(4  2865) 

6TB 


McAlpine,  Rev.  &    Mrs.    Donald, 
TEAM—  38,  2-chome,  Nishisaka- 
cho,  Chikusa-ku,  Nagoya 
-38 


McAlpine,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James  A., 
PCUS—  33,    4-chome,    Chikara- 
machi,  Higashi-ku,  Nagoya 
(94-6421) 

4-33 


McCain,  Miss  Pearl,  IBC  (MC)  — 
c/o    Seiwa    Woman's    College, 
Okadayama,      Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken     (5-0709) 
(short  furlough) 


McCaleb,  Mrs.  Elizabeth,  CC— 
Ibaragi  Christian  College, 
Oomika,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi-ken 


McCall,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Donnell, 
PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

McCall,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Loren,  TEAM 
—  1062,  Kamihoya,  Hoya-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  61-4921) 


1062 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


501 


McCartney,  Miss  Ellen,  SDA - 
171,  Amanuma  1-chome,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo  (391-5161) 

!^;c^$i20^YUTn  171 

-7    ~j   -fy  —    \-   -~ 

McCartney,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Sedoris, 
— 23,  Inari-cho,  Kagoshima- 
shi     (2-5969) 


McClean,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Donald, 
MSL— 860,     Shimomeguro,     4- 
chome,  Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 
&  JJCS5 Fl $ KT  PI  A\  4  860 

-r  y  ?  \)  y 

McCormick,  Miss  Jean,  JEB— 
c.'o  Seisen  Kan,  1163,  Kami 
Oiden,  Higashi  Tarumi-cho, 
Tarumi-ku,  Kobe 

#  H  rf f  n  k  K  iKS/KWI  L  T.E-B* 

1163     ip-!ilfi&M  ''3  ;   -v  9 


McCoy,  Miss  Beulah  M.,  ABFMS 
—  7,  Nakajima-cho,  Sendai-shi, 
Miyagi-ken  (22  8791) 


McCracken,  Miss  Lillian,  INI) 
—  61,  Yahara-cho,  1-chome, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo 


McCune,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  C,  IND 
—  1104,  Ogawa,  Kodaira-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 

H04 


McDaniel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Chalmers, 
TEAM  —  15-15,  3-chome, 

Daizawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
UnsClBtraSKfW  3-15-15 

-7    y    9   $f  =.  X-  /}, 

McDaniel,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jack, 
CBFMS(  Adelaide)  —23-7,  Kano- 
mae,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 


-r  ^  tf  r.  j.  ,\, 

McDonald,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John  C., 
IND  -  5,    3-chome,    Showa-cho, 
Abeno-ku,  Osaka 
*BKHiHfS!f  &Ba*nWJ  3-5 

-*  9  K  1-  >\s  K 

McGarvey,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  A.  Paul, 
CMA 
(Furlough  from  Aug.  1964) 

McGrath,  Miss  Violet,  JEB 
(Furlough) 

Mcllwaine,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  Heber, 
OPC-19,  Shinhama-cho,  Fuku- 
shima-shi  (02452-2-0587) 


Mclntosh,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John 
(Beth),  PCC-200,  2-chome, 
Shinonome-cho,  Higashi-ku, 
Osaka  (761-0080) 

-200 


McKay,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bartlett  P., 
CN  -826,  Kaizuka-cho,  Chiba- 
shi  (2  1226) 


502 


DIRECTORIES 


McKay,  Miss  Doris,  CJPM— 
56,  Nanatsuike,  Koriyama-shi, 
Fukushima-ken 


McKim,  Miss  Bessie,  IND-PEC— 

2090,  Zushi,  Shinjuku,  Zushi-shi, 
Kanagawa-ken 


McLean,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donnell, 
AG-1069,  Kami  Hoya,  Hoya- 
machi,  Kitatamagun,  Tokyo 


1069  -7 

McLeroy,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Robin, 
FEGC 
(Furlough  June  '64—  June  '65) 

McMahan,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Carl, 
FEGC-886,  Minano-machi, 
Chichibu-gun,  Saitama-ken 


McMillan,  Miss  Mary,  IBC  (MC) 
—  1444,  1-chome,  Ushita-machi, 
Tando-ku,  Hiroshima-shi 
(21-2055) 

1-1444 


McMillan,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Virgil  O, 
Jr.,     SB     11,    2-chome,    Hirao 
Sanso-dori,  Fukuoka-shi 
(75-  1071) 


McMullen,     Mr.    &     Mrs. 
(Bobbie),  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1963-1965) 


John 


McNaughton,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  E., 
HFD— 7-10,  Honcho,  Hakodate- 
shi,  Hokkaido  (2-8883) 

MMmffi  W  7-io 

~*  v  ?  7- V  Y  V 

McNeill,  Miss  Elizabeth  PCUS 
(Furlough  until  Sept.  1965) 

McPhail,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John  NTM 
— 3,  Maeda,  Hanno-shi,  Saitama- 
ken 


McQuilkin,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  R., 
TEAM— 2-1,  3-chome,  Kita- 
machi,  Kichijoji,  Musashino-shi, 
Tokyo 

McVety,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth, 
TEAM— 346,  Eifuku-cho,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo  (322-0261) 

McWha,  Rev.  Bennie  J., 
440,     2-chome,     Honmoku-cho, 
Naka-ku,  Yokohama 

2-440 

~*  97  7 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


503 


McWilliams,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  W. 
(Margery),  IBC  (MC) -Kuga- 
machi,  Kuga-gun,  Yamaguchi- 
ken  (220) 


Medling,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  W.  R.,  SB 
(Furlough  until  June  1965) 

Meek,  Miss  Martha,  IBC  (MQ- 
25-4,  Daimyo-machi  1-chome, 
Fukuoka-shi  (75-9189) 

ftHrtif|j^:«»J  1-25-4 

5    -   9 

Melaaen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Erling 
(Synnue),  NMA—  8867,  Shibuta, 
Ohara-machi,  Isumi-gun,  Chiba- 
ken 

8867 


Melton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Charles,  CN 
—507,  Okamoto-cho,  Setagaya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (701-6759) 


t  XL-  h  v 

Melton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Charles,  CC 
— c/o  Ibaragi  Christian  College, 
Oomika,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi-ken 


Mensendiek,  Rev.  C.  William, 
Ph.  D.  &  Mrs.  Barbara,  IBC 
(UCBWM)  12,  Hachiyama, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (461-4811) 

12 

v  -t  v  r  4  —  9 


Menzel,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hans,  LM— 
1933,  Nakanoshima,   Kawasaki- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(Noborito  91-2334) 


Mercer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.   Dewey   E., 
SB—  252,  Miyawaki-cho,   Taka- 
matsu-shi,  Kagawa-ken 
(3-5926) 


Merritt,  Rev.  Richard  A.,  Ed.  D., 
PEC—  131,  Taishido,  Setagaya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (421-7869) 


t  •;  y  b 

Messenger,  Mrs.  Blanche,  TEAM 
—253,      Shimozato,      Kurume- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  71-0735) 


/  y  -fe  v  :s  -v  — 

Metcalf,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Stephen  A., 
OMF 
(Furlough  from  Aug.  1964) 

Metcalf,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Melbourne, 
CMSJ    990,     3-chome,      Naka- 
meguro,  Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 
(712-8746) 


h  -to-  7 


504 


DIRECTORIES 


Metzger,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Helmut, 
GAM  —  44,  Naka,  Kaigan, 
Chigasaki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Meyer,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Hans,  LM  - 
773,  Ishii,  Kasama-shi,  Ibaragi- 
ken  (Kasama  837) 


Meyer,  Miss  Hildegard,  NTM-- 
96,  Okawa-machi,  Hakui-shi, 
Ishikawa-ken 


Meyer,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    John    F., 
HSEF— 17,     Ochiai,     Kurume- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(0424-71-0648) 

17 


Meyer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
MSL  —c/o  Tokyo  Lutheran 
Center,  16,  1-chome,  Fujimi-cho, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo  (261-5266) 
^rClB^FftffiK^tJiLfflT  1-16 
t\s  —  T  'H:  V  2  — 


Michell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David,  OMF 
— Kita-20-jo,  Nishi  2-chome, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 

S2Tg 


Midgley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert  C., 
JCG  -3412,   Shimokawai-machi, 
Hodogaya-ku,  Yokohama 
(Kawai  204) 

(leaving  Japan  in  June  with  no 
plans  to  return) 


Micro,  Miss  Martta,  LEAF—  -4-2, 
1-chome,  Tsuka-machi,  Okaya- 
shi,  Nagano-ken  (2726) 


Mihara,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Victor,  IND 
—575,  Kitahata,  Motoyama-cho, 
Higashi  Nada-ku,  Kobe 

Jb^  575 


Miho,     Miss    Fumiye,    RSF—  14, 
1-chome,  Mitadai-machi,  Shiba, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(451  0804) 


Miles,  Miss  Bess,  IBC  (MC)—  c/o 
Seibi  Gakuen,  124,  Maita-machi, 
Minami-ku,  Yokohama 
(School  73-2861) 
(House  73-2864) 

124 


Millen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Herbert,  IND 
—  27,  Ohama-machi,  Oomuta- 
shi,  Fukuoka-ken 

fslHJ  27 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


505 


Miller,     Miss     Erma     U     MM 
-Honbaba-dori,       Funa-machi, 
Oogaki-shi,  Gifu-ken 


Miller,  Miss  Florence,  NAB—  59, 
Sompachi-cho,  Ikeda-shi,  Osaka 
(6-7131) 


Miller,  Miss  Floryne,  SB—  c/o 
Seinan  Jogakuin,  Itazu,  Kokura- 
ku,  Kita-Kyushu-shi,  Fukuoka- 
ken  (56-1977) 


Miller,  Miss  Jessie  M.,  MSCC-2 
24,  Sugiyama-cho,  Gifu-shi 
(3  5384) 
te£ffi#ajHT24-2 

Miller,  Miss  Marilyn,  JEM 
(Furlough  until  Aug.  1965) 

Miller,  Miss  Marjorie,  LCA  — 
Harajuku  Apartments  $708,  178, 
3-chome,  Onden,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408  7171) 

jftijcflpjs'ittteism  3-178 

-  h  708  fj- 


Miller,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Marvin,  JMM 
—  c/o  Kushiro  Mennonite 
Church,  13,  Tsurugadai,  Kushi- 
ro-shi,  Hokkaido 

13 


Millisran,  Miss  Rita,  OMF—  20, 
Aza  Taga-cho,  Mikasa-shi, 
Hokkaido 


Millikan,  Mrs.  Eva  B.,  JFM— 
1714,  Koganei-shi,  Kitatama- 
gun,  Tokyo  (8  2671) 

17 


Milner,  Miss  Mary,  OMF 
(Furlough  from  April,  1964) 

Mings,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Donnie 
(Charlotte),  CnC—  1146,  Naka- 
buri  3-chome,  Hirakata-shi, 
Osaka 

-1146 


Mings,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lonnie  (Coral) 
CnC-  6-10,  7-chome,  Korigaoka, 
Hirakata-shi,  Osaka 

-6-  10 


Mings,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ray  (Mattie), 
CnC-  1146,  Nakaburi  3  chome, 
Hirakata-shi,  Osaka 

1  146 


Mitchell,  Mr.    &    Mrs.    Alan    K., 
OMF-  97,  Chiyogatai-cho, 

Hakodate-shi,  Hokkaido 


506 


DIRECTORIES 


Mitchell,  Miss  Anna  Marie,  ALC 
_  183,  Otowa-cho,  Shizuoka-shi 
(52-9079) 


>      y^-,,    /I- 

Mitchell,  Miss  Betty,  FEGC- 
111,  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama 


Mitchell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Guy  S., 
PCUS—  4-953,  Kami  Yoshida- 
machi,  Zentsuji-shi,  Kagawa- 
ken  (425) 

LiW  953-4 


Mitchell,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Thomas, 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  fall,  1965) 

Mobley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Marion  A., 
SB—  80,     1-chome,    Amida-cho, 
Hodono,  Akita-shi     (2-2324) 
1-80 


Mochizuki,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Minoru 
(  June)  ,IBC  (UPC)—  59,  1-chome, 
Taura,  Yokosuka-shi,  Kana- 
gawa-ken  (Taura  4588) 


Moe,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arthur,  FEGC 
(Furlough-  from^June  '64-'65) 


Moerman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Cornelis, 
(Geziena),  IBC(UCC)—  27,  4- 
chome,  Nagamineyama,  Oishi, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe  (86-3942) 


Moflford,  Mr.   Thomas,    IND—  c/o 
Rikkyo  High  School,  Nobidome, 
Niiza-machi,    Kita   Adachi-gun, 
Saitama-ken 
(Furlough) 


*  7  *  -  K 

Montei,     Mr.     &    Mrs.    Douglas, 
QMS—  1648,  Megurita,   Higashi 
Murayama-shi,  Tokyo 
(0423-9-3071) 

1648 


Montgomery,  Mr.  George,  ASC 
—c/o  R.  E.  Brown,  Christ's 
Children's  Home,  Nagase,  Saeki- 
shi,  Oita-ken 


Mooney,  Dr.  &  Mrs.  Robert  N., 
PCUS—  41,  Kumachi-cho  1- 
chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 


A  ~  — 

Moore,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Boude 
(Anna),  (RCA)  (Retired) 
—5,  Kamiyama,  Nojiri-ko, 
Shinano-machi,  Kamiminochi- 
gun,  Nagano-ken 

5 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


507 


Moore,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Dan     M.,   I 
PCUS— 41,      Kumachi-cho,      1- 
chome,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22-7257) 

1-41 


Moore,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Fred    G., 
NAB  —  4,      Nishi      Sonjoin-cho, 
Kinugasa,  Kita-ku,  Kyoto 
(45-2027) 


-t-T 

Moore,  Miss  Helen,  IBC-MC— 
c/o  Kassui  Junior  College,  16, 
Higashi  Yamate-dori,  Nagasaki- 
shi  (2-6955) 


Moore,  Rev.    &    Mrs.    James   B., 
PCUS  —16  313,  Fukui-cho, 

Kochi-shi     (Kochi  2-1040) 


-t-T 

Moore,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lardner  C., 
PCUS  -57,  1-chome,  Awaji  Hon- 
machi,  Higashi  Yodogawa-ku, 
Osaka  (371  7253) 


-t-T 

Moore,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lardner  W., 
PCUS—  65,  Saiwai-cho,  Taka- 
matsu-shi  (3-3791) 


Moorhead,  Rev.  &    Mrs.    Marion 
F.,  SB—  19-2,  2-chome,  Uehara- 
cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(467-3930) 
JKSSJftSKJdBBl  2-19-2 

-t  T  ^  y   K 

Morehouse,  Miss  Mildred,  FEGC 
—1010,  Takasaka,  Higashi 
Matsuyama-shi,  Saitama-ken 


Moreton,  Rev.  Hugh,  Ph.D.  & 
Mrs.,  IUGM—  748,  5-chome, 
Kyonan-cho,  Musashino-shi, 
Tokyo  (0422-3-2224) 

-748 


Morey,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  K.  P.,  CJPM 
—56,  Nanatsuike,  Koriyama-shi, 
Fukushima-ken 


Morgan,  Miss  Mary  Neal,  SB— 
2-174,  Nishi  lozumi,  Takatsuki- 
shi,  Osaka 

174-2 


Mork,  Rev.  Marcus,  ALC—  17, 
Kajima-cho,  Fuji-shi,  Shizuoka- 
ken  (1392) 

17 


Morrill,     Mr.    &     Mrs.    Douglas 
(Helen),  IBC(UCBWM)-16,  4- 
chome,    Nagamineyama,   Oishi, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe     (86  6430) 
4-16 


508 


DIRECTORIES 


Morris,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Donald,  OMF 
—531,  Hon-cho,  Nanae-machi, 
Kameda-gun,  Hokkaido 


-t  II  * 

Morris,  Miss  Geneva,  IBC(MC)  — 
c/o  Hirosaki  Gakuin,  9,  Naka- 
kawarage-cho,  Hirosaki-shi, 
Aomori-ken  (2-3613) 


Morris,  Miss  Kathleen,  ACF— 
33,  Daizenbara,  Tomioka-machi, 
Futaba-gun,  Fukushima-ken 


-t  I)  X 

Morris,  Captain  &  Mrs.  Ted,  SA 
-  1039,  Wada  Hon-cho,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo  (261  7311) 

1039 


Morriss,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Woodward, 
PCUS—  64,  Asahi-cho,  Toyo- 
hashi-shi,  Aichi-ken  (2-1620) 


-t  I)  x 

Moss,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John  (Hatsumi), 
IBC(MC)   -814,  2-chome,  Suido- 
cho,  Niigata-shi     (3-2584) 
ff  ^  rfT/KililHj  2-814  -t-  x 

Motoyama,  Miss  Julia,  FKK—  80, 
Shimo  Midori-cho,  Shichiku, 
Kita-ku,  Kyoto  (45  2384) 


Mueller,  Miss  Emmi,  GAM—  990, 
c/o  Covenant  Seminary  3- 
chome,  Nakameguro,  Meguro- 
ku,  Tokyo 

-990 


Mueller,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert, 
TEAM—  15-15,  3-chome,  Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

-15-15 


Mullan,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Leonard,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Mullins,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ansel 
(Sarah),  CBFMS  -667,  Kamino- 
cho,  Monto-machi,  Yonezawa- 
shi,  Yamagata-ken  (3-1991) 

oj^m^^mp3^Kr±oBT  667 

A  -  ])  V  X 

Mundinger,  Miss  Dora,  GMM  — 
c/o  Nozomi  no  Mon  Gakuen, 
1436,  Futtsu-machi,  Kimitsu- 
gun,  Chiba-ken  (Futtsu  218) 

1436 


A  V  -7-'  4  ^  -ft  — 

Munsey,  Miss  F.,  FEAM—  Ikoma- 
gun,  Nara-ken     (0437-3821) 


Murala,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Herbert, 
FEGC  —  13,  Minami  Shin-machi, 
Hachioji-shi,  Tokyo 

13 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


509 


Murch,  Miss  Barbara,  IND— 16, 
Hachiyaura,  Yamamoto-machi, 
Miyagi-ken 

16 


Murray,  Miss  Patricia,  PEC—  c/o 
Lloyd,  P.  O.  Box  8,  Yokkaichi- 
shi,  Mie-ken 


Mutch,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Bruce,  MSCC 
—c/o  Nagoya  Student  Center, 
260,  Miyahigashi-cho,  Showa- 
ku,  Nagoya  (78-0165) 

260 


Mydland,  Miss  Bjorg,    NMS— 50, 
Takigatani,   Shioya-cho,    Taru- 
mi-ku,  Kobe 
(Tarumi  3743) 

;    K  7  v  K 

N 

Nado,  Mr.  Ronald,  IBC(UCBWM) 
c/o  lizuka,  378,  3-chome,  Koma- 
gome,  Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
(983-5642  Yobidashi) 
3  378 


Nakamura,  Miss  Tamiko,  PCC— 
24,  Wakamiya-cho,  Shinjuku- 
ku,  Tokyo  (269-2909) 


Namikawa,     Mr.     Iwajiro,    OB— 
Omi-Hachiman-shi,  Shiga-ken 


Nations,  Rev.  Archie  Lee,  Th.  D. 
&  Mrs.,  SB-  423,  Hoshiguma, 
Fukuoka-shi  (82  6543) 


^  -f  •>  9  X  X 

Naylor,  Miss  Barbara  C.,  OMF— 
Kaihoku,  Kashin  Shigai,  Uta- 
shinai-shi,  Hokkaido 


Nelson,  Miss  Ada  L.,  ABFMS— 
4,  3-chome,  Kasuga-cho,  Bun- 
kyo-ku,  Tokyo  (813-0935) 


Nelson,  Miss  Grace,  CMSJ—  1068, 
3-chome,  Matsubara-machi, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo  (321-1411) 


Nelson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  P.  W.,  SDA 
-  164-2,  Onden  3-chome,  Shibu- 
ya-ku,  Tokyo  (401-1171) 

s  164-2 

^  si-  v  v 


Nelson, 
ALC 
1965) 


Rev.    &    Mrs.    Richard, 
(Furlough  until  Summer 


510 


DIRECTORIES 


Nethercut,      Miss      Carol,      IBC   j  Nichols,   Mr.   &  Mrs.  Robert  P., 


(UCBWM)-c/o  Kobe  Jogakuin 
Okadayama,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5-1020) 

u-ttuw  fti\m  mill 


Netland,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     Anton, 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Nettle,  Miss  Mary  Ellen,  IBC 
(UCC)—  Interboard-House,  2, 
Iligashi  Toriizaka-machi,  Aza- 
bu,  Tokyo  (481-3325) 


Neufeld,  Miss  Bertha,  FEGC— 
1183,  Zushi,  Zushi-shi,  Kana- 
ga\va-ken  (2978) 


-7 


Neve,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lloyd  (Murie), 
ALC     109,     1-chome,    Kyonan- 
cho,  Musashino-shi,  Tokyo 
(4  6624) 

ifUTfl  109 


Newell,    Mr.   W.    H.,   (Ph.  D.),  & 
Mrs.,  CMS    ICU,  1500,  Osawa, 
Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo     (3-3131) 
l&iM.:MiJ<Vl  1500  ICU  [Aj 


CC—  P.     O. 

Tokyo 


Box.      1,     Yoyogi, 


-  3  yb  X 


Nicholson,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     John, 
ABFMS-c/o  Tokyo  Woman's 
Christian     College,     124,     logi, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(399  1151) 

124 

-  3  ^  v  y 


Nicholson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Samuel, 
RSF  —  Shimotsuma  Meeting 
House,  Junya,  Shimotsuma-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


Nielsen,     Mr.     &    Mrs.     Charles, 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Nielsen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul 
(Marcia)  CnC—  94-21,  Ichinem- 
bo-kami,  Aza  Odawara,  Hara- 
no-machi,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi- 
ken 

'/;w,i  filial  ir  r>?;iH;  ^/MTUK—  ^ 

i/jh  21-94  --/u-ty 

Niemeyer,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John, 
ABFMS—  73,Kanoedai,  Minami- 
ku,  Yokohama  (3-1338) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


511 


Niemi,  Miss  Tyyne,  LEAF-  4-37, 
3-chome,  Denenchofu,  Ota-ku, 
Tokyo  (721-6454) 


Nimura,  Miss  Blanche,  ASC—  c/o 
Christ's  Children  Home,  Nagase, 
Saeki-shi,  Oita-ken 


Ninomiya,  Miss  Toshiko,  IND— 
111,  Nakamae-hara,  Musashi- 
cho,  Iruma-gun,  Saitama-ken 

in 


Noell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Frank,  (Betty), 
CBFMS-90,  Koganehara,  Furu- 
kawa-shi,  Miyagi-ken  (1177) 


Nordbo,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Anund, 
NMS-  15,  3-chome,  Tetsuka- 
yama  Nishi,  Sumiyoshi-ku, 
Osaka  (671-6320) 

^RrfTfMKTS^UjffiSTi  15 

/  tv  ,-t-t 

Norden,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Russell  L. 
(Eleanor),  IBC  (RCA) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Nordlie-Nakazawa,  Mrs.  Edel, 
FCM  1  ,  Tamagawa-cho,  Fushi- 
ki-machi,  Takaoka-shi,  Toyama- 
ken 


Nordstrom,  Miss  Elaine,  BGC  -- 
24,  Shinohara  Kita-cho,  3-chome, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe  (86-5224) 


/  —  X  ^  h  PA 

Nordtvedt,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Thomas, 
LB-  (Furlough) 

Norman,      Mr.     &     Mrs.     Bengt 
(Ingegerd),      ECC-  Tamagawa 
House,  139,  Higashi  Tamagawa- 
cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(721-4989) 

139 


Norman,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Howard, 
(Gwen).IBC  (UCC)-P.O.  Box 
79,  Matsumoto-shi,  Nagano-ken 
(2-4694) 


Norman,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
IND—  16,  Hachiyaura,  Yamoto, 
Aza,  Yamoto-machi,  Monou- 
gun,  Miyagi-ken 

16 


Northup,  Rev.  Robert,  Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs.  Shio,  IBC  (UPC)—  61,  Ko- 
zenji-dori,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi- 
ken  (23-3256) 


Norton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  James,  TEAM 
-  1197,  Karuizawa-machi, 

Nagano-ken 


512 


DIRECTORIES 


Norton,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
(Mary),  IBC  (UPC)  -  1728, 
Nozuta-machi,  Machida-shi, 
Tokyo  (Machida  8675) 

JtfgtlWrfflTW&W  1728 

/  -  b  v 

Notehelfer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  K. 
TEAM—  52,  Todoroki-machi, 
Tamagawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

" 


52 


/  -  7-  /w 


Nuding,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    Norman, 
LCA—  25,     Ichiban-cho,     Koji- 
machi,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
(261-8832) 


Nukida,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  W.  J., 
UPCM—  671,  5-chome,  Nukui- 
Kita-machi,  Koganei-shi,  Tokyo 


671  *^*' 

Nyselius,  Miss  Marianne,  MCCS 
—31,  2-chome,  Shinohara  Hon- 
machi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


o 


Oden,  Miss  Lovelace  C.,  OMF 
—  5-chome,   7-jo,    Misono,  Sap 
poro-shi,  Hokkaido 


Oehler,  Rev.  &  Mrs,  Harald, 
GEAM—  20,  2-chome,  Tomizaka, 
Bunkyo-ku,  Tokyo  (811-2921) 
-20 


Oestreich,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  George  W., 
IND—  (Furlough  Sept.  64-Sept. 

65) 

-462 


Oetzel,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Willi,  LM— 
Yamada-machi,  Mizukaido-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken 


1518  *  -  V  *  ^ 

Offner,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clark  B., 
CCC—  (Furlough) 

Oglesby,  Mrs.  Angela  M.,  PEC 
—  20,  8-chome,  Nozaki-dori, 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe  (22-6513) 


•%•  y  v  *  t*  - 

Olefert,  Miss  Marier,  FEGC— 
1183,  Zushi,  Zushi-shi,  Kana- 
gawa-ken  (Zushi  2978) 


yj-  /I/  7    X   ^     h 

Oliver,   Rev.  &  Mrs.   Edward  L., 
SB—  204,  Murasakihara.Ujyuku- 
machi,  Kagoshima-shi 
204 


Olofsson,  Miss  Birgit,  SFM 
(On  Furlough) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


513 


Olofsson,  Miss  Eva,  SFM 
(Furlough) 

Olsen,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Orville,  LB 
—  Narayama,  Motoshinmachi, 
Akita-shi  (2-4949) 


Olson,    Rev.   &   Mrs.  Calvin    A., 
SDA--171,  Amanuma  1-chome, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(391-5161) 


•%•  /is  y  v 

Olson,  Miss  Esther  D.,  OMF— 
4,  Kakusen-cho,  Hirosaki-shi, 
Aomori-ken 


Omaye,  Miss  Kathleen  Hisako, 
IND  2163,  Karuizawa-machi, 
Nagano-ken  (2302) 


Olson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George  L., 
LCA— Oaza  Sukezane,  Saijo- 
machi,  Kamo-gun,  Hiroshima- 
ken  (Aki  Saijo  2067) 


Or  /L-  y  v 

Olson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James,  LB— 
Aramachi,  Noshiro-shi,  Akita- 
ken 


Olson,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Norman, 
ALC—  78,   Torisucho,   2-chome, 
Minami-ku,  Nagoya 
(81-5046) 


Or  ^  y 


Orth,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donald  (Celia), 
IBC     (UCC)  —  1728,        Nozuta, 
Machida-shi,  Tokyo 
(Machida  8418) 

1728 


Osborne,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David 
(Alice),  A  AM—  1179-2,  Oaza, 
Kida  Neyagawa-shi,  Osaka 

H79-2 


Osborne,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     Hugh, 
TEAM 
(Furlough  until  fall  1965) 

Ostensoe,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Omer,  LCA 
—  29,     Mitsuzawa     Shimo-cho, 
Kanagawa-ku,  Yokohama 
(49-3252) 


ir  ^  7-  v  y  - 

Ott,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul,  CJPM  - 
6-3,  Maru  Ichi  Apartments,  407, 
Yamazaki,  Koriyama-shi,  Fuku- 
shima-ken 

7         -A--,  h 


Overland,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Norman 
(Beverlee),  JFM—  850,  1-chome, 
Okubo-cho,  Hitachi-shi,  Ibaragi- 
ken 


K 


514 


DIRECTORIES 


Overly,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Norman  V., 
ABFMS-  (Furlough) 

Owen,  Miss  Evelyn,  SB—  110,  5- 
chome,  Tokiwa-cho,  Urawa- 
shi  Saitama-ken  (31-3558) 

-no 


Oxley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  Dale,  BPM 
1033,    Shiromoto-machi,     Hito- 
yoshi-shi,  Kumamoto-ken 
^  W,A^ffifeWJ  1033 

Or  -v  V  *  v  — 

Oystryk,  Major  &  Mrs.  George 
(Gertrude)  SA—  1039,  Wada 
Hon-machi,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(381-9839) 

1039 
\-y  v  9 


Palmer,  Miss  Elizabeth,  ACF— 
33,  Daizenbara,  Tomioka-machi, 
Futaba-gun,  Fukushima-ken 

•'•S/U  -v  — 

Palmer,    Mr.  &  Mrs.    Roy,    NLL 
—  1736,  Katayama,  Niiza-machi, 
Kita-Adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 
(Tanashi  7-1625) 

|L|  1735 
•>XU-v  — 


Palmore,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Peyton  L., 
Ill  (Mary  Lou),  IBC  (MC)—  7, 
10-chome,  Daiko-cho,  Higashi- 
ku,  Nagoya  (73-7385) 

10-7 


Palmore,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  P.  Lee, 
(Jean)  IBC  (MC)  —  1,  1-chome, 
Hanayama-cho,  Nagata-ku, 

Kobe     (6-3056) 


Pape,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wm.  H., 
TEAM—  15-15,  3-chome,  Dai- 
sawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

15-15 


Parkee,  Mr.  Leslie  R.,  CLC 
—3509,  Kita  Oizumi-machi, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo  (291-1775) 


Parker,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Calvin,  SB 
—  7-18,  Kamiyama-cho,  Shibuya- 
ku,  Tokyo     (467-8930) 
18-7 


Parker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Joe,  JEM 
(Furlough  until  August  1965) 

Parks,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  W.,  UPCM 
(Furlough) 

Parr,  Miss  D.  A.,  IND—  86, 
Azuma-cho,  Sakai-machi,  Sawa- 
gun,  Gunma-ken 

86 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


515 


Parrot,      Mr.     &    Mrs.     George 
(Ruth),  IBC  (MC)— 2,  Wakagi- 
cho,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(408  9203) 


Parsons,     Rev.     &     Mrs.     Elmer 
(Marjorie)  JFM 
(Furlough) 

Parsons,    Miss  Maud,  IBC   (MC) 
—  9     Nakakawarage-cho,    Hiro- 
saki-shi,  Aomori-ken 
(2-3613) 


Parsons,    Rev.   &   Mrs.    Norman, 
(Alice),  IBC    (MC)-80,   Ushio 
Shinmachi,  Kochi-shi 
(2  5549) 


Patkau,  Miss  Esther,  GCMM  39, 
1-chome,  Matsubashi-cho,  Miya- 
zaki-shi  (2  4574) 


Patachke,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    Arbie, 
MSL—  Higashi   7-jo,  Minami  1- 
chome,  Bibai-shi,  Hokkaido 
(Bibai  3530) 


Patterson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ronald 
W.,  JRB  3227,  1-ku,  Nishihara- 
machi,  Mito-shi,  Ibaragi-ken 

11X3227 


Patterson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James  A., 
BGC—  (Furlough) 

Patton,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Andrew 
(Betty),  CnC-  (Furlough) 

Pearson,  Miss  Sonjie,  IBC  (MC) 
—  11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408-1914) 


Pease,  Miss  Harriet,  CBFMS—  30, 

Ochiai,     Kurume-machi,     Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 


h'-X 

Pease,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Richard,  CM  A 
—  57,  4-chbme,  Shinohara-Kita- 
machi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


b'-X 

Pedersen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Eric,  ALC 
-  3530,  Fujimidai,  Chikusa-ku, 
Nagoya  (75-5495) 


L*  -  ?  ~  -t  V 

Pedersen,  Miss  Lois,  ALC—  1807, 
Hanegi-cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(322-0445) 
Uia^tftffl^K^m^lflJ  1807 

t°  -  9'  -  -fe  V 

Pedersen,  Miss  Ruth  E.,  FCM  — 
5,  4-chome,  Funadera-dori,  Nada 
ku,  Kobe 


'  -  ?  ~  -t  v 


516 


DIRECTORIES 


Pedersen,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    Harald 
Bernhard,  NMS—  32,  Teraguchi- 
cho,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(85-2878) 


t"  -  #  -  -t  v 

Pedigo,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ray,  IND- 
P.  O.  Box  8,  Kure-shi,  Hiro 
shima-ken 


Pelttari,     Miss    Maija,    FFFM— 
P.  O.  Box  14,  Ayabe-shi,  Kyoto 


Pendergrass,  Mrs.  Edna,  CC-c/o 
Yoyogi  Hachiman  Church  of 
Christ,  P.  O.  Box  1,  Yoyogi, 
Tokyo 


Pennington,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James, 
(Gloria),  PRM-P.  O.  Box  589, 
Kobe 


Penny,  Miss  Florence  E., 
WRBCMS-467,  Oaza  Ai,  Ibara- 
ki-shi,  Osaka  (0262-3145) 


Perkins,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Rodger, 
AG— 166,  4-chome,   Nagamine- 
yama,  Oishi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
4-166 
'<  -  *  V  X 


Persson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Folke,  SEMJ 
(Furlough) 

Peters,    Miss    Dorothy,    FEGC  - 
1101,  Morooka,  Ome-shi,  Tokyo 

1101 


Peters,    Miss  Pauline,  MBM—  59, 
Sonpachi-cho,   Ikeda-shi,  Osaka 
(6-8969) 
;£  Wft&ffi 


Petersen,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry  J., 
AG-Far     East     Servicemen's 
Home,  1437,  Kumagawa,  Fussa- 
machi,  Nishitama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Fussa  966) 

1437 


Petersen,  Rev.  «&  Mrs.  Lyle, 
TEAM-1581,  Katayama,  Niiza- 
machi,  Saitama-ken 

1581 


Peterson,    Rev.  &  Mrs.   Leonard, 
CMSJ—  2134,      Kaizawa-machi, 
Takasaki-shi,  Gunma-ken 
(3-3531) 


Peterson,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    LeRoy, 
CMSJ—  593,  Akazutsumi-machi, 
2-chome,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(321-1411) 

2-593 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


517 


Peterson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lyle  W., 
PCUS-87,  Takajo-machi,  Kochi 
shi  (2  2937) 


Peteraon,  Miss  Naemi,  MCCS- 
913,  Kadota  Bunka-machi,  Oka- 
yama-shi 


t*  -  *  -  y  :/ 

Pettereson,    Miss  Anna,  OMSS 
Higashi  Tanagawa,  Misaki-cho, 
Sennan-gun,  Osaka 


b*  —  #  —  V  V 

Pfaff,  Miss  Anna  M.,  FKK—  152- 
1,     Bessho-cho,     Kishiwada-shi, 
Osaka     (Kishiwada  2  1961) 
1-152 


Pfeifer,  Mr.  Samuel,  IND  —7  Ken- 
machi,  Ibigawa-machi,  Ibi-gun, 
Gifu-ken  (Ibi  857) 


Phibba,  Rev.  Don,  NTM 
(Furlough) 

Phillips,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  G.  N., 
TEAM— 15-15,  3-chome,  Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

•7  ^  y  •,-?*. 

Phillips,  Rev,  James,  Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs.  Ruth,  IBC(UPC)  -6  of  13, 
4-chome,  Kudan,  Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo  (261  6763) 

J't  |  13-6 
7  4  y   /  -?  7* 


Phillipe,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lyle,  AG 
—House  8-Sagami  Heights, 
Chuo  Rinkan,  Shimo  Tsuruma, 
Yamato-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Pickel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  D.  L.,  AGM 
—  Sakate  Shodoshima,  Kagawa- 
ken 


Pickering,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  F.  L., 
JRB—  380,  Nakagawa,  Takaoka- 
shi,  Toyama-ken 


b* 


Pickett,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clyde,  AGM 
-  Dogukoji,        Takanabe-cho, 
Koyu-gun,  Miyazaki-ken 


Pietsch,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  T.,  TBC— 
Tokyo    Bible    Center,    9   of  9 
2-chome,    Yakumo-machi,    Me- 
guro-ku,  Tokyo 
(717^0746/5147) 


Piirainen,    Miss    Kaisu,    LEAF— 
Nishi   12-chome,  Minami  12-jo, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(2-0085) 

Tl  1 


518 


DIRECTORIES 


Placzek,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Frank, 
FEGC-  (Furlough  June  1964- 
June  1965) 

Plenio,  Mr.  Helmut,  GAM— 
Hinode-machi,  Kuroda,  Kiso- 
gawa-cho,  Aichi-ken 


Poetter,  Rev.  Richard,  WELS- 
4022,  Ishikawa-cho,  Mito-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken  (2-6204) 


Ptilkki,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Eero,  FFFM 
(Furlough) 

Pollnitz,  Deaconess  Else,  IND— 
2701,  Daisaku,  Kawasaki-shi, 
Kanagawa-ken 


Pontius,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George, 
NLL—  3-597,  Karuizawa-machi, 
Nagano-ken 

-3 


Pope,   Miss  Jo  Ann—  811,   Asahi- 
cho,  Sakurai-shi,  Nara-ken 


Porteous,    Mr.    Henry    J.,  CLC— 
Nishi     1-chome,    Minami    1-jo, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(6-9551) 

l  3kn  1  TH 


Post,  Miss  Helen,  IBC  (MC)  — 
10-2,  1-chome,  Shoto-cho,  Shibu- 
ya-ku,  Tokyo  (467-7909) 

m&^&Rfamm  i  r@  10-2 
#*  h 

Powders,     Rev.    &    Mrs.    James, 
BBF  —  149,      Shimo      Yakiri, 
Matsudo-shi,  Chiba-ken 
(0739-2345) 


Powell,  Miss  Catherine,  WUMS 
—221,  Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku, 
Yokohama  (64-3993) 


Powell,  Miss  L.  M.,  MSCC—  New 
Life   Sanitarium,   Obuse-machi, 
Kami  Takai-gun,  Nagano-ken 
(Obuse  33) 


Powers,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Floyd  (Musa), 
AAM—  13-1202,  Okayama,  Shijo- 
nawate-machi,  Kitakawachi- 
gun,  Osaka 


1202-13  ^<  7  -  X 

Powles,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Cyril,  MSCC 
—  c/o  Seikokai    Shingakuin,    8, 
2-chome,      Tamagawa,      Naka- 
machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(701-0756) 

2-8 


LIST  Or  MISSIONARIES 


519 


Pratt,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul  (Kathleen)  , 
CnC—  27,  Sakurayama-machi, 
Nakano-ku,  Tokyo  (361-0533) 


Presson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  C.  (Adrian). 
IND—  862,  Kyodo-cho,  Setagaya- 
ku,  Tokyo  (429-3389) 


7°  V  •;  V  V 

Price,   Rev.  &  Mrs.   Harold   Lee, 
SB-2325,    5-chome,    Kami-me- 
guro,  Meguro-ku,  Tokyo 
(712-0087) 

5-2325 


Price,  Miss  Jewel,  UMI 
(Furlough) 

Price,  Miss  Winifred,  FEGC- 
1242,  Yorii-machi,  Osato-gun, 
Saitama-ken 


Prins,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harry,  EFCM 
--17,  7-chome,  Shinmachi, 
Higashiyamamoto,  Yao-shi, 
Osaka 

>*;6M  A^if/miii^rrfH;  7-17 

-/  V  v  * 

Pruitt,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Dudley 
(Grace),  AFSC-  (Furlough) 


Pye,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    E.    Michael, 
CMS-Rikkyo      High     School, 
Nobidome,   Shinza-machi,  Kita- 
adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 
(Shiki  425/6) 


Quarnntrom,  Miss  Harriett,  CMSJ 
—  1068,     3-chome,     Matsubara- 
machi,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(321-1411) 

3-ioes 


Quigley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Darrel  M., 
MSL  24,  Midori-cho,  Taki- 
kawa-shi,  Hokkaido 


R 

Raby,  Miss  Judy,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Rahn,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  R.  W.  (Janet), 
IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1964-1965) 

Ramseyer,    Rev.    &    Mrs.  Robert 
L.,    GCMM    504-1,    Kirishima- 
cho,  Miyazaki-shi   (2  6406) 
1-504 

7  A-t'f  -^- 


520 


DIRECTORIES 


Randall,    Miss    Mary    Jo,    SB  - 
6-38,  Minami-cho,   Itabashi-ku, 
Tokyo     (955-5860) 
ifc#*Bte"fiSKlW  38-6 

7  v  K 

Rankin,  Rev.  Z.T.,  BMA 

(Furlough  August  '64  to  August 
'65) 

Rasche,  Mr.  John  M.,  IBC 
(UCBWM)  -(Furlough  '64-'65) 

Rasmussen,  Mr.  Eric,  IBC  (MC) 
—#10  Kwansei  Gakuin,  Nishino- 
miya-shi,  Hyogo-ken  (5-2433) 


Rasmussen,  Rev.  Peter  R.,  LCA— 
389,      Izumi-cho,       Isahaya-shi, 
Nagasaki-ken     (814) 
£*&&!*  W&WT  389 

7  ^  A  v  -t  v 

Read,  Mr  &  Mrs.  Colin,   AGB  — 
2-712,  Amanuma-machi,  Omiya- 
shi,  Saitama-ken 
ittilMrgrlT?cjgW  2-712 

i;  -  K 

Reagan,   Rev.  &    Mrs.   John    M., 
PCUS  -l-420,Minami-Komatsu- 
bara,  Niihama-shi,  Ehime-ken 
g«0MffJS&rf]/.M&lg  420-1 

7  -  -ft  v 

Reasoner,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Rollin, 
FEGC-585,  Koigakubo,  Koku- 
bunji-machi,  Tokyo 


Reber,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Don,  (Bar 
bara),  JMM—  428,  Honan-cho, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo  (311-4277) 

KOUB&ffiKtftfiWr  428 

y  x?- 

Rechkemmer,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Albert, 
LM—  Seizan,  Sagamihara-shi, 
Kanagawa-ken  (52-0607) 


Reddington,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth, 
FEGC—  264,  Tonoue,  Sarubashi- 
machi,  Otsuki-shi,  Yamanashi- 
ken 

264 


Reece,     Rev.     &     Mrs.     Taylor, 
TEAM—  118,     Kita-Oyama-cho, 

Niigata-shi     (4-2743) 

118  9-x 


Reeds,  Miss  Felice  G.,  OMF 
(Furlough) 

Reedy,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Boyd  (Jitsuko)  , 
IBC  (MC)—  10,  Kami  Uma- 
machi,  1-chome,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo  (414-6553) 

1-10 


Regier,  Miss  Evelyn,  BMMJ—  128 
Kasuga-cho,  Fukushima-shi 
128 


Reid,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  D.,  (Etsu), 
IBC  (MC)  —  (Furlough  '64-'65) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


521 


Reid,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John,  TEAM— 
566,  Koyabe-cho,   Yokosuka-shi 
*&/lim*£*rfj'.h*»r  566 
!)  -  K 

Reid,    Miss    Pearl,    JFM—  441-2, 
Maruyama-dori,  Abeno-ku, 

Osaka     (661-4661) 

*Rffi|SH&tFK*llUa  2-441 

i;  _  K 

Rciff,  Miss  Mabel,  IBC  (UCBWM) 
—2-24,  3-chome,  Okaido-machi, 
Matsuyama-shi,  Ehime-ken 
(2-4136) 

S«PW£airfj:*;ffia»T  3TF124-2 

=7  1~7 

Reimer,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Cliff,  NLL— 
1736,  Katayama,  Niiza-machi, 
Kita-Adachi-gun,  Saitama-ken 
(Tanashi  7-1625) 

j  1736 


Reimer,  Rev.  &  Mrs-  Raymond, 
GCMM-314,  Shoko  Kaikan, 
Chuo-dori,  Nobeoka-shi,  Miya- 
zaki-ken 


$,  314  7  4  -*~ 

Reimer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Willard, 
FEGC—  Onakazato,  Toda,  Fuji- 
nomiya-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 


Reinholt,  Miss  Donna,  WUMS  - 
221,    Yamatemachi,     Naka-ku, 
Yokohama     (64-3993) 
221 


Remahl,  Miss  Ragna,  LEAF- 
(Furlough) 

Ressler,  Miss  Ruth,  JMM-Kami- 
shihoro-machi,  Kato-gun,  Hok 
kaido  (233) 


Ix  y  7.  7  - 

Reynolds,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Arthur  T.  F. 
OMF-  Kita  22-jo,  Nishi  6-chome, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 


ix  -Y  /  yi-  X 

Rhoads,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  H.  John, 
TEL—  (furlough  until  June 
1965) 

Rhoden,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Maurice, 
CN—  Ooaza  Hama-Ji  9-45, 
Dazaifu-machi,  Chikushi-gun, 
Fukuoka-ken 


-If  9-45  P-TV 

Rhodes,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  E.A.,  CC  - 
Nogeyama  Christian  Church, 
Nogeyama,  Naka-ku,  Yoko 
hama 


Rhodes,    Rev.    Errol    F.  W.,    Ph. 
D.  &  Mrs.,   PEC-Rikkyo  Dai- 
gaku,      3-chome,       Ikebukuro, 
Toshima-ku,  Tokyo 
(983-0028),  (983-0111) 


522 


DIRECTORIES 


Ribble,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard  B., 
PCUS— 1  Yamada-cho,  3-chome, 
Nada-ku,  Kobe  (85-2760) 

3-1      ])  y/ix 


Ribi,  Rev.  &    Mrs.    Kurt,    IND— 
1062,  Kami  Hoya,   Hoya-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(61-1921) 


1062 


i;  tf 


Richard,    Mr.    &    Mrs.     Wesley, 
JMM—  1,     Minami      17-chome, 
Nishi  7-jo,  Obihiro,  Hokkaido 
(3282) 


«;*•*-  x 

Richards,  Mrs.  Exie,  UM1—  41, 
5-chome,  Udetsuka-cho,  Nagata- 
ku,  Kobe 

WF>rfTMfflKfj&w  5  rn  41 

y  ^  *  -  K 

Richards,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Joe 
(Emma),  JMM-533,  6-  jo,  6- 
chome,  Misono,  Sapporo,  Hok 
kaido  (83-5312) 

itmrntmifimm  e  &  e  rn  533 

y  -?-  *  -  x 

Richardson,   Miss   Kathryn    Ann, 
IBC     (MC)-Iai     Joshi     Koto 
Gakko,  64,  Suginami-cho,  Hako 
date  Hokkaido     (2-5277) 
64 


Richters,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  B.  J.  IND 
—P.  O.  Box  3,  Arakawaoki- 
machi,  Tsuchiura-shi,  Ibaragi- 
ken 


Rickard,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harold 
(Margaret),  IBC  (MC)—  1,  1- 
chome,  Hanayama-cho,  Nagata- 
ku,  Kobe  (6-3056)  (after  Dec.) 


Riddles,  Miss  Kathleen  A.,  IND 
c/o  Y.  Sano—  945,  4-chome, 
Shimomeguro,  Meguro-ku, 

Tokyo 


])  K/u^, 

Rider,  Miss  Shirley  IBC  (UPC)  — 
924-12,  Akutagawa,  Takatsuki- 
shi,  Osaka 

12-924 


Ridley,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Kenneth  T., 
CLC— 3509,  Kita  Oizumi-machi, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo  (291-1775) 
3509 

])  K  y  _ 

Ridley,     Rev.     &     Mrs.     Walter, 
(Margaret),    IBC    (UCC)— 611, 
Hongo,  Miwa,  Nagano-shi 
(2-4362) 

611        y  K  i;  - 


Rigmark,    Rev.  &  Mrs.   William, 
CMSJ— (Furlough) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


523 


Riis,  Miss  Helena,  FCM 
(Furlough) 

Rinell,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Oscar,  SBM 
—637,  Shinzaike,  Himeji-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (23-2052) 

tfW,»^Wr#'#  637 

D  %  -  ,v 

Ritchie,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David,  FEGC 
—111  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama  (49-9017) 


Robb,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donald  I. 
(Betty),  RPM—  Box  10,  Tarumi, 
Kobe  (Tarumi  2155) 

10 


Roberts,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Geoffrey  D., 
WEC  -1-57,  Maruyama,  Kita- 
Shirakawa-cho,  Sakyo-ku, 

Kyoto     (78-6524) 

57-1 


Roberts,  Mrs.  May  M.,  IBC 
(UCBWM)  -Kobe  Jogakuin, 
Okadayama,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5-1020) 

ifi  Ififfl  ill  MH  4c'^l% 


Robertstad,  Miss  Ruth,  NLM  -8 
Nakajima-dori,  2-chome,  Fukiai- 
ku,  Kobe  (223601) 

'-''  2--8 


Robinson,      Miss    Clara     Mae, 
TEAM  -1105,  Amori,   Nagano- 
shi,  Nagano-ken 
Sffrir£i$!HT  H05 

p  t*  v  v  v 

Robinson,  Miss  H.  M.,  MSCC— 
13-5,  Shogetsu-cho,  Mizuho-ku, 
Nagoya  (88-0275) 

fvfittififfiWKteflmr  5-13 

p  t*  y  V  y 

Rodders,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lavern  F., 
BBF  -1-13-11,  Matsunami-cho, 
Chiba-shi  (51-2929) 


Roesgaard,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Olaf, 
SCD  -4-C,   Ishiyakawaso,    11-3, 
Yuminoki-cho,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
Wprfi»B>-3«>*Br  3-11 

p  X  **  -  K 

Roesti,    Miss    Magdalene,    LM  — 
Minami    Hara   906,    Kamisaku, 
Kawasaki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
906 


Rogers,  Miss  Daphne,  IBC  (UCC) 
(Furlough  1964  1965) 

Rogers,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Minor  L., 
PEC  Okuchi  Seikokai,  Sato 
Gotanda,  Okuchi-shi,  Kago- 
shima-ken,  (Okuchi  450) 


524 


DIRECTORIES 


Rohm,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Alfred— IFG 
806,  Higashi  Oizumi,  Nerima- 
ku,  Tokyo 


Ross,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Myron, 
(Naomi),  IBC  (UCBWM)—  #8, 
Kansei  Gakuin,  Nishinomiya- 
shi,  Hyogo-ken  (5-1425) 


P   -y  ^ 

Roundhill,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ken  S., 
WEC-  (Furlough  until  Dec. 
1965) 

Rounds,  Rev.  Philard  L.,  OBS— 
32,  2-chome,  Kitamachi,  Shino- 
hara,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 

W  2-32 

7  «>  y  X 


Rudolph,  Miss  Bjorg  E.,  FCM— 
(How  Mrs.  Nils  Ibstedt) 
565,  Shimo-ozo,  Enzan-shi, 
Yamanashi-ken 


P  —  A    i 

Rohrer,  Miss  Frieda,  SAJM 
(Furlough  from  July  1964) 

Rojas,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Josef,  MCCS 
(Furlough) 

Rokka,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jukka,  FFFM 
—91,  Higashi  Tenno-cho,  Oka- 
zaki,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

P  y  ^ 

Ross,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  M.  D.,  WRPL 
—8,  1-chome,  Azumabashi 
Sumida-ku,  Tokyo  (622-5248) 
1-8 


Rudolph,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  J.  W.  (Elin), 
FCM  —  (Furlough  from  June, 
1964) 

Ruetz,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ray,  IND.— 
(Furlough  until  June  1965) 

Ruhtenberg,  Miss  Hannelore, 
GMM—  Nozomi  no  Mon  Gakuen, 
1436,  Futtsu-machi,  Kimitsu- 
gun,  Chiba-ken  (Futtsu  218) 


Rumme,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Delbert, 
ALC  —  55,  Kirigaoka  2-chome, 
Handa-shi,  Aichi-ken  (2189) 

Jr.  2  Tf3  55 


Rusch,  Mr.  Paul,  IND  (PEC)—  19 
Akashi-cho,  Chuo-ku,  Tokyo 
(541-9084) 

ifatw&KraBr  19 

7  y  *y  a 

Rusckow,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Johannes, 
IND—1276-  7,  Tajima,  Fukuoka- 
shi 

7-1276          7^3- 


Russell,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  L.  Wayne, 
CEF—  1599,  Higashikubo,  Kami- 
arai,  Tokorozawa,  Saitama-ken 
1597 


[.1ST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


525 


Ryan,  Mr.  Clifford-30,  Ochiai, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun 
Tokyo 


Rydberg,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arne, 
MCCS-5-3,  Kitase,  Fukuda-cho, 
Kurashiki-shi,  Okayama-ken 

?smiirrjt^  3-5 

D    —     K  -<  /I  ?    -y     \- 


Sackett,  Mr.  Leslie,  IBC(UCBWM) 
—  Interboard  House,  2,  Higashi 
Toriizaka-machi,  Azabu, 

Minato-ku,  Tokyo      (481-3325) 

h>}bW  2 


Sager,    Mr.    Gene    Charles,    IBC 
(MC)—  7,  10-chome,  Daiko-cho, 
Higashi-ku,  Nagoya 
(73-8188) 

10-7 


Sakwitz,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William, 
AG— 42,  Okamoto  Umenotani, 
Motoyama-cho,  Higashi-Nada- 
ku,  Kobe  (85-3502) 


Salo,  Miss  Leena,  LEAF 
(Furlough) 

Salomonsen,    Rev.   &    Mrs.    Leif, 
NMS—  139,  Higashi  Tamagawa- 
cho,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(720-4959) 


•y-  p  -t  x  -t  y 

Sandberg,     Rev.     &     Mrs     Erik 
(Hanna),  OMSS     1009,  Daisen- 
cho,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka 
(2-7644) 


Sager,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jack,  SDA— 
164,  3-chome,  Onden,  Shibuya 
ku,  Tokyo  (401-1171) 

3  T[|  164 


Sanderson,  Miss  Rennie,  SB— 
11/798,  Nishishin-machi,  Fuku- 
oka-shi 


Saito,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Morse,  (Ruth), 
IBC     (MC)4-8,       Kitanagasa- 
dori,  4-chome,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe 
(3-5940) 


Sands,  Miss  Matilda,  JEB-15, 
Otani,  Oasa-cho,  Itano-gun, 
Tokushima  ken 

is 

-y-  y  X 

Sandvik,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Trygve, 
NMS  (Furlough) 


526 


DTRECTORTES 


Sanoden,  Rev.  &  Mrs'  Russell, 
ALC—  78,  2-chome,  Torisu-cho, 
Minami-ku,  Nagoya  (81-5046) 


Sapsford,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Leslie, 
TEAM—  (Furlough  until  Sum 
mer  1965) 

Sarjjeant,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John  (Pearl), 
ABWE-c/o  A.B.W.E.  P.O.  Box 
393,  Kobe    (Soon    to   move   to 
Kobe  from  Kagoshima) 
ttFfBM^&Wt  393 
•7  y  -y*-~*y  a  V'  •%•-?•  '*  -77- 


-y-  —  -:/  i*  v  b 

Satterwhite,  Dr.  James,  M.  D. 
&  Mrs.,  SB—  26,  Kami-Minami- 
da-cho,  Jodoji,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(77-2257) 


-tf-  *  ~  H-,  7  -f    Y 

Savage,  Rev.  Leslie  E.  AG—  55, 
5-chome,  Hiratsuka-cho,  Shina- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo  (781-9709) 


Schar,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Paul,  SAJM— 
Chigusa,  Kanai-machi,  Sado- 
gun,  Niigata-ken  (Tel.  2777) 


Scheie,  Miss  Anna,  NLM—  19-4 
chome,  Nishi  Akashi-cho,  Aka- 
shi-shi,  Hyogo-ken 

-19 


Scherman,    Dr.    Fred  C.,  D.  D.  S., 
IND—  5,     2-chome,    Surugadai, 
Kanda,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
(291-0224) 

2-5 


Schiefer,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Clifford 
(Marion)    CBFMS—  70,  Sekine- 
cho,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(399-3617) 


*y  -  -7  x  >\> 

Schmid,  Deaconess  Ruth,  MAR 
(LCM)  —  133-4,  Aza  Nishi- 
matsumoto,  Nishi-Hirano, 

Mikage-cho,     Higashi-Nada-ku, 
Kobe 

4-3 


Schmidt,    Mr.   Alfred,   Ph.   D.  & 
Mrs.,       IND—  2370,       1  -chome, 
Araijuku,  Oota-ku,  Tokyo 
(771-4341) 

1-2370 


Schmidt,  Miss  Dorothy,  IBC(UPC) 
—6    of    13,    4-chome,    Kudan, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo  (261-6701) 
-1306 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


527 


Schmidt,  Miss  Velma,  JEM  - 
23-1,  Saiwai-cho,  Takada-shi, 
Niigata-ken 


Schneider,  Miss  Doris,  IBC  (EUB) 
Muko  Mansion,  8  Mukonosho 
2-chome,  Amagasaki-shi,  Hyogo- 
ken  (401-1863  8  a.m.  to  9  p.m.) 


5t6ff  -r  v  -y  3  v       *y  *  •)-  4  if  — 
Schneider,     Miss    Rita,    CJPM— 
126  Aza  Hayama,  Kubota,  Kori- 
yama-shi,  Fukushima-ken 


v  i  -r  4  *f  - 

Schnydrigr,  Miss  Emmi,  IND— 
Yubiso,  Minakami-machi,  Tone- 
gun,  Gunma-ken 


V  i  -  K  D  v  ;/ 

Schone,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    John    R., 
TEAM  -  1392  Karuizawa-machi, 
Nagano-ken     (3426) 
g£F&|?#iRBir  1392       v  n  -  t- 
Schoppa,    Rev.  &   Mrs.    Leonard, 
MSL    860,     4-chome,     Shimo- 
meguro,  Meguro  ku,  Tokyo 
JK««HHKTRM  4-860 

C/  a    -y-'- 

Schroer,  Rev.  Gilbert  W.,  Ph.  D. 
&  Mrs.  Cornelia,  IBC(UCBWM) 
—5-26,  3-chome,  Osawa, 
Kawara,  Morioka-shi,  Iwate-ken 
(2-3217) 


Schubert,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William 
E.f  RF  -2163,  Karuizawa-machi, 
Nagano-ken  (2302) 


Schuessler,  Rev.  &   Mrs.    Deane, 
MSL,      Hitsujigaoka      Danchi, 
Jutaku      Higashi,    Tsukisappu, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(86-3836) 


Schultz,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Helmut  C., 
QMS  -(Furlough) 

Schulz,  Miss  Evelyn  Ann,  LCA  — 
Kyushu  Jogakuin,  300  Muro- 
zono,  Shimizu-machi,  Kuma- 
moto-shi  (4  0281) 

300 


Schurr,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Henry  M. 
(Joyce),  IBC  (UCBWM)  2  of 
1103,  8-chome,  Koyama,  Shina- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo  (781  0869) 

•.Xi-7 

Schwab,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  John,  TEAM 
—26,  2-chome,  Kotake-cho, 
Nerima-ku,  Tokyo  (955-6566) 


528 


DIRECTORIES 


Schweitzer,       Mr. 
(UCBWM)  —  28, 
Komegafukuro, 
Miyagi-ken 
(22-6812  Yobidashi) 


Carl,       IBC 
Uwa-cho, 
Sendai-shi, 


!  Setterholm,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul, 
LCA— 3765,  Onoue,  Yanai-shi, 
Yamaguchi-ken  (432) 


Scruton,  Miss  Fern,  IBC  (UCC) 
(Preretirement  Furlough  1964- 
1965) 

Seeger,  Rev.  Richard  M.,  WELS 
—#20,  2,  Tomisaka-cho,  Tokyo 
(811-8200) 


-y  -  if  — 

Seely,  Rev.  Donald,  IBC  (MC)  — 
5,  Shimo   Shirogane-cho,    Hiro- 
saki-shi,  Aomori-ken 
(Week  day—  2-1311/3) 
(Other  days  2-4842) 


Seely,  Mr.  &  Mrs.   Arthur,   PBA 
(TEAM)—  168,  Izumi-cho,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo     (321-2280) 
168 


Selzer,  Miss  Arietta,  JMM—  c/o 
Hokkaido  International  School, 
8-chome,  Nishi  2-jo,  Tsukisappu, 
Sapporo,  Hokkaido  (86-1933) 

2  &  s  r  n 


Shaw,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Bernard,  FEGC 

(Furlough) 

Sheldahl,    Rev.   &   Mrs.    Lowell, 
ALC—  1651,       Irie       Harashita, 
Shimizu-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(2-4478) 

rfi  AzIJlCT  1651 


Shelhorn,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Raymond, 
COG—  66,  Shimonamiki,  Kawa- 
saki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Shelton,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arthur  T., 
OMS—  (Furlough) 

Shenk,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Charles 
(Ruth),  JMM—  Shibecha-cho, 
Kamikawa-gun,  Hokkaido 


-fe  ^  -7 


Shepard,  Rev.  John  W.,  Jr.,  Th. 
D.  &  Mrs.  SB—  11-798,  Nishi- 
shin-machi,  Fukuoka  (82-8526) 
WlWffHT  798-11 

•X*^<-  K 

Sheppard,  Miss  Alison,  MSCC— 
200,      Higashi-ku,      Arigasaki, 
Matsumoto-shi,  Nagano-ken 
(4688) 

&  200 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


529 


Sherer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert  C, 
SB  -(Furlough) 

Shibata,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George, 
MSL  6703-94,  Kugenuma  Kai- 
gan,  Fujisawa-shi,  Kanagawa- 
ken  (2-3516) 

i*  94-6703 


Shimer,  Mr.  Eliot,  D.S.W.  &  Mrs. 
Antoinette,  IBC  (MC)  638,  1- 
chome,  Shiroyama-machi,  Na 
gasaki  (4-1928) 

LW&  rf  i  M  Ul  0J  1-638     •>  -v  4-  -v  - 

Shirk,  Miss  Helen,  LCA  -551,  Aza 
Noma,  Itami-shi,  Hyogo-ken 
(7-3323) 


Shook,  Paul  &  Vada,  ABWE 
(Furlough  to  1965) 

Shorey,    Mr     &     Mrs.     William, 
TEAM -462,    1-chome,    Matsu- 
gaoka,  Nagareyama-machi,   Hi-   ; 
gashi    Katsushika-gun,    Chiba- 
ken 

462  i/  3  -  l>  - 

Shorrock,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Hallam, 
— ICU,  ISOOOsawa,  Mitaka-shi, 
Tokyo  (Musashino  3-3131) 


Sides,  Mrs.  Norma  M.,  AG 
(Assc)—  310-4,  Hamao  Kashii- 
cho,  Fukuoka-shi 

4-310 


Siebert,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Johnny, 
FEGC-736,  Chigase,  Ome-shi 
Tokyo  (Ome  3094) 


Simeonsson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Roland, 
SAMJ-74-6,  Shimo  Mukai- 
yama,  Kaminogocho,  Gamagori- 
shi,  Aichi-ken  (6259) 

f6j  #  Ui 


6-74  ->  /  jj-  v  V  y 

Simons,  Miss  Marion,  IBC  (MC) 
—  Aikei  Gakuen,  1035,  1-chome, 
Motoki-cho,  Adachi-ku,  Tokyo 
(886-2815) 

1-1035 


Simonsson,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     Alf- 
Erik,  MCCS—  640,  Asahi-machi, 
Kurashiki-shi,  Okayama-ken 
(22-2490) 


Sims,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harold  (Lois), 
CNC  -1-52,  Arai-machi,  Naka- 
no-ku,  Tokyo  (386-5171) 


530 


DIRECTORIES 


Sipple,    Mr.   &    Mrs.    Carl,    IBC 
(UCBWM)  —69,     Katahira-cho, 
Sendai-chi,  Miyagi-ken 
(22-6876) 


Skillman,  Mr.  John,  Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs.  Verlie  Anne,  IBC  (MC)  — 
2,  Wakagi-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408-9204) 


K 

Skoog,  Miss   Maj-Britt,   OMSS— 
65,  2-chome,  Shonai  Nishimachi, 
Toyonaka-shi,  Osaka 
(392-2595) 

65 


Smeland,  Miss  Anne,  IBC  (MC) 
—Apt.  2,  11,  Konno-cho,  Shibu 
ya-ku,  Tokyo  (408-9369) 


;   Smit,    Rev.   &    Mrs.    Harvey    A., 
CRJM— (Furlough) 

Smith,  Miss  Alice  E.  JEB— c/o 
Student  Christian  Centre,  3-1, 
2-chome,  Surugadai,  Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo  (291-1512) 

a  3-1 


Skoglund,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Herbert, 
BGC  -Toge,  Hashimoto-shi, 
Wakayama-ken 


Slaney,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David  G.,  JRB 
(Furlough  until  Spring  1965) 

Sletholen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Magne 
(Lillian),  FCM—  22,  1-chome, 
Zenshoji-cho,  Suma-ku,  Kobe 

1  T0  22 


Smith,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Billy,  CC— 
Ibaraki  Christian  College  4048, 
Omika,  Kuji-machi,  Hitachi-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken  (Kujihama  2251) 


Smith,  Miss  D.  Jane,  MM— 
Tomidahama,  Yokkaichi-shi, 
Mie-ken  (Yokkaichi  6-0096) 


Smith,  E.  Ruth,  TEAM—  1143,  4- 
chome,  Matsubara-cho,  Setaga- 
ya-ku,  Tokyo  (321-9768) 

4-1143 


Smith,  Genevieve,    TEAM—  1143, 
4-chome,   Matsubara-cho,   Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (321-9768) 
-1143 


Smith,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Gerald,  IND 
—  Higashi  7-jo,  2-chome, 
Asahigawa-shi,  Hokkaido 


LIST  OF  MISSION  A  R1HS 


531 


Smith,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry,  IND. 
(Furlough) 

Smith,  Miss  Irene  Webster,  JEB 
—  c/o  Student  Christian  Center 
1-3,  2-chome,  Surugadai,  Kanda, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo  (291-1512) 


Smith,  Mr.  Roy  (MC  Retired)  — 
4,  Nagamineyama,  Oishi  Nada- 
ku,  Kobe  (86-3013) 


3-1 

Smith,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Jack,  SB- 
19/7,  2-chome,  Uehara-cho, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (467-9551) 

JKsCIPJKSK.hSW  2-19-7 

7   ;  ^ 

Smith,  Miss  Lucy  E.,  SB 
(Furlough  until  June  1965) 

Smith,  Miss  Marie  B.,  AG  (Assc.) 
1-1743,  Aza  Tesaki,  Sumiyoshi- 
cho,  Higashi  Nada-ku,  Kobe 
(8-3803) 

1-1743 


Smith,  Miss  Maureen  R.,  JEB— 
1  of  25,  Kawada,  Minoshima, 
Arita-shi,  Wakayama-ken 


—296-10,  Hannyaji,  Kyomachi, 
Chikushino-machi,  Chikushi- 
gun,  Fukuoka-ken 


Snelson,    Miss    Irene,    FKK—  3-4, 
2-chome,    Akasaka-dori,    Nada- 
ku,  Kobe     (86-7246) 
WprtTJiK^JISii  2-3-4 

^  %  >\,  y  y 

Snider,  Rev.  &   Mrs.    K.    Lavern 
(Lois)  JFM 
(Furlough  until  1967) 

Stiderlund,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Anders, 
MCCS—  552,  Wada,  Tamano-shi, 
Okayama-ken  (8366) 

iiT  ?nra  552 

•tf  -  7-'  /U  7  X   K 


Solly,  Miss  A.,  OMF-54,  Sakae- 
cho,  Itayanagi,  Kita  Tsugaru- 
gun,  Aomori-ken 

.V  54 

y  y  - 


Smith,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Nathan,  CG      Soltau,  Mr.  &  Mrs.    Addison   P 


Smith,    Rev.    Robert    M.,   PEC  - 
35,        Honmura-cho,        Azabu, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(Ch.  431-8534) 
(Home  473-2394) 


JPM— 273-1,    Horinouchi,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 

y  /u  b  - 

Sondeno,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Fredolf, 
AG  1,  Narutaki,  Mizuho-cho, 
Ukyo-ku,  Kyoto 


532 


DIRECTORIES 


Sorenson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Morris, 
Jr.,  ALC—  363,  1-chome,  Nishi- 
kubo,  Musashino-shi,  Tokyo 


Sorhus,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Magnus, 
(Else),  NLM—  Ueno-cho,  Tsu- 
yama-shi,  Okayama-ken  (3975) 


Sorley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Francis  B., 
BGC—  832-1,  Yoshihara,  Mi- 
hama-machi,  Hidaka-gun,  Waka- 
yama-ken  (Gobo  2134) 

^fC  1-832 


Southerland,        Rev.       &       Mrs. 
Lawrence     M.,      SB—  7/34      1- 
chome,  Torikai,  Fukuoka-shi 
(74-8650) 

1-7-34 


Spaulding,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  L.R.,  JEM 
—1362-2,  Tonowa,  Kujiranami- 
machi,  Kashiwazaki-shi,  Niigata- 
ken 


2-1362 

Spear,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gene  W. 
(Ruth),  RPM^Port  P.O.  Box 
589  Kobe  (86-5756) 


Speechley,  Miss  G.M.,  IND-c/o 
Y.  Sano,  4-945,  Shimo  Meguro, 
Meguro-ku,  Tokyo  (712-1297) 
M  4-945 


Spencer,    Rev.  &  Mrs.    A.E.,   Jr., 
SB—  P.  O.     Box     229,     Baptist 
Bookstore,  Koza,  Okinawa 
(099-2423) 


229 


•<  v  -y-  - 


Sprunger,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Walter  F., 
GCMM—  5330,  Namiki,  Kami- 
kawa,  Higashi-machi,  Miyako- 
nojo-shi,  Miyazaki-ken  (1188) 


^  ~7   V  V  -ft  — 

Spoor,    Miss    Eulalia,  1ND—  1516, 
Kamoto-machi,         Naka-machi, 
Kamoto-gun,  Kumamoto-ken 
1516 


Springer,     Mr.    &    Mrs.     Victor, 
TEAM-937,Koyabe-cho,  Yoko- 
suka-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 
(5-2626) 


Stanley,  Miss  Ethel,  NTM-19, 
Shinmei-cho,  Nanao-shi,  Ishi- 
kawa-ken 

19 


Stanley,  Miss  Freda,  JEB— 
64,  Kawahara-cho,  Sasayama- 
machi,  Taki-gun,  Hyogo-ken 

m  64 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


533 


Starn,  Miss  Pauline,  IBC  (UCMS) 
—  60,  Kozenji-dori,  Sendai-shi, 
Miyagi-ken  (22-7439) 


7*?  -V 

Steele,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harry  —124-4, 
Wakazono-cho,  Kokura-ku, 
Kitakyushu-shi,  Fukuoka-ken 


4124 


7*7-  - 


Steffens,     Miss     Elizabeth     Ann, 
IBC    (UCBWM)-Ichijo  House, 
Nishi-iru,    Muromachi,     Ichijo- 
dori,  Kamikyo-ku,  Kyoto 
(45-3551) 


—  3k"  V  7* 


7*7-7  T- 


Steinhoff,  Deaconess  Karoline, 
MAR-LCM—  133-4,  Aza  Nishi 
Matsumoto,  Nishi  Hirano, 
Mikage-cho,  Higashi  Nada-ku, 
Kobe 


Stellwagon,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Russell, 
TEAM-2395,  Sagiyama,  Gifu- 
shi 


7*7-^1  -J  y 

Stephens,  Miss  Lu,  NAV  -769- 
6,  Kitahara,  Minamizawa, 
Kurume-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo  (982  8649) 


Stermer,  Miss  Dorothy,  TEAM  - 
15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
JKfl»ttt0mKfW  3-15-15 

7*7---*- 

Stewart,  Miss  Delores,  WMC— 
207,  Nishi  Horibata,  Akamatsu- 
cho,  Saga-shi,  Saga-ken 


7*7-  <,  ?  -  \- 

Stewart,    Miss    Mary,    TEAM 
15-15,  3-chome,  Daizawa,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 
*fl»fttffl8KfW  3-15-15 

7*7-  a-7-  b 

Stirewalt,    Rev.    A.J.,     (Retired) 
LCA    3,    2-chome,     Nakajima- 
dori,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(2  3601) 


7*7"  a  7  —  h 

Stocker,    Mr.  &  Mrs.   C.,   IND- 
1442,  Karuizawa-machi,    Naga 
no-ken     (3626) 
&!f  KUi£#iW  1442 

7*  h  v  7J  - 

Stolz,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Siegried,  GAM 
—  Daibutsu-cho,  Takehana, 

Hashima-shi,  Gifu-ken      (4055) 


7*  }•  ;u  y 

Stott,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Melvin  D.  Jr., 
CPC  -5248,  Higashi-ku,  Kuni- 
tachi-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo 


»  769-6 


7  7-  7  r  V  7* 


7*2  -,  \- 


534 


DIRECTORIES 


Stout,    Miss    Dorothy,    PEC— St.  [  Stutz,    Mr.    Samuel,    SAJM— c/o 


Margaret's  School,  123-3,  Kuga- 
yama,  Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(398-5104) 

3-123 

*  *  *  h 


Strege,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul,  MSL— 
14   Miyanomori,    Kotoni-machi, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(63-9567) 


Strohm,  Miss  Elsbeth,  GMM— 
c/o  Masutani,  14  of  6,  Minami- 
hiraki,  Nishinari-ku,  Osaka 


Strom,     Rev.    &     Mrs.     Verner, 
TEAM—  15-15,     3-chome,    Dai- 
zawa,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
JKfittBtttfflSKfW  3-15-15 

^  h  P  A 

Stubba,  Rev.  David,  Ed.  D.,  & 
Mrs.  Rachel,  IBC  (MC)  —No.  5, 
Kansei  Gakuin,  Nishinomiya-shi, 
Hyogo-ken  (5-3147) 


Stubbs,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Vincent  G., 
Ill  PCUS—  57  1,  Awaji,  Hon- 
machi,  Higashi  Yodogawa-ku, 
Osaka  (371-7254) 

1-57 

*  -y  7*  * 


Mr.  Takahashi,  1178,  Karui- 
zawa,  Kitasaku-gun,  Nagano- 
ken  (Karuizawa  3575) 


Sukut,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Walter,  NAB 
4,  Nishisonjoin-cho,  Kinugasa, 
Kita-ku,  Kyoto  (45-2027) 


Sulley,  Miss  Winifred  P.O.,  WEC 
Gokasho-cho,  Kanzaki-gun, 
Shiga-ken  (Ishizuka  47) 


Sumners,  Miss  Gertrude,  PEC— 
Bishamon-cho,  Tonodan,  Kami- 
kyo-ku,  Kyoto  (23-6090) 


Sundberg,     Rev.    &    Mrs.     Fred, 
OMSS—  (Furlough  until  1964) 

Sunde,     Mr.     &    Mrs.     Kenneth, 
WEC—  Takano,  Ritto-cho, 

Kurita-gun,  Shiga-ken 


Sund-Nielsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ib 
(Edith)  ,  FCM  (Assoc)  —  Azuma- 
ku,  Kanazu-machi,  Sakai-gun, 
Fukui-ken  (Kanazu  6358) 


-y-  v  K  =- 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


535 


Sundry,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Charles,  OB 
-The  Omi    Brotherhood,  Omi- 
Hachiman,  Shiga-ken 
(Omi-Hachiman  3131) 


•0-  y  K  y  ~ 

Suttie,  Miss  Gwen,  IBC  (UCC)  — 
2       Higashi      Toriizaka-machi, 
Azabu,  Minato-ku,  Tokyo 
(481-3325) 

2 


Svendsen,  Miss  Anna,  NEOM  — 
24,  Kitagawa,  Takahagi-shi, 
Ibaraki-ken 


*  «/  *  y  -t  y 

Svensson,  Miss  Ester,  SAMJ— 
1-366  Kamihosoda,  Anjo-shi, 
Aichi-ken  (4033) 

£fc!R£#ffittffl  1-366 

^  j.  v  y  y 

Swain,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  D.L.  (Betty), 
IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1964-1965) 

Swanson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.    Glen   E., 
BGC—  Narukawa,     Kiho-machi, 
Minamimuro-gun,  Mie-ken 
(Shingu  2-4085) 


*  7  y  y  y 

Swendseid,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Douglas, 
ALC 

(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 


Swenson,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Lyndon 
(Gerry)    CBFMS-49-1,  Myoei- 
cho,  Yokote-shi,  Akita-ken 
(1577) 


*  7  x  y  y  y 

Swensson,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Birger, 
ECC—  2092,    Teramachi,     Ota- 
wara-shi,  Tochigi-ken 
(Otawara  3475) 


*  7  x  y  y  y 

Swensen,  Miss  Nell,  PCUS— 
Yodogawa  Christian  Hospital, 
57-l,Awaji  Hon-machi  Higashi 
Yodogawa-ku,  Osaka 

1-57 


Swift,    Miss    Mildred,    TEAM— 
1105,  Amori,  Nagano-shi 

**V  ?  h 


SyrjM,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Antero,  FFFM 
—101,  Kamihate-cho,  Kita- 
shirakawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 

SUtfff££EUbafiJ±>Mr  101 

•y  tv  ij,  j. 

Sytsma,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
CRJM—  19-4,  Midori-cho,  2- 
chome,  Tokorozawa-shi,  Sai- 
tama-ken  (22-4029) 


536 


DIRECTORIES 


Talbot,  Rev.  &   Mrs.   C.    Rodger 
(Donna)  PCC 

(Furlough  April    1964  to  June 
'65) 

Tanaka,     Mr.     Fred,   CEF—  1599, 
Higashikubo  Kamiarai,  Tokoro- 
zawa-shi,  Saitama-ken 
(22-4076) 

1599 


Tang,    Rev.  &    Mrs.   O.    Gordon, 
ALC  -890,      Aza,       Inarimori, 


Kamonomiya, 
Kanagawa-ken 


n  890 


y  ? 


TaponeH,  Miss  Helvi  Ester,  FFFM 
—  c/o      Yoshii,       Nishiyamate, 
Obama-shi,  Fukui-ken 
(Obama  266) 


Tack,    Rev.  &    Mrs.    Marvin    A., 
LCA—  628,      7-chome,      Ujina, 
Hiroshima-shi     (41-2720) 
KaffTfWJ  7-628  at  v  9 

Takushi,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Kenneth 
FEGC—  111,    Hakuraku,    Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama 
(49-9017) 


Tarr,  Miss  Alberta,  IBC  (MQ  — 
8  Kumi,  Nishi-noguchi-machi, 
Beppu-shi,  Oita-ken  (2-4621) 


Taylor,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Arch  B.  Jr., 
PCUS-1927,    Ikuno-cho,    Zen- 
tsuji,  Kagawa-ken 
(Zentsuji  888) 


Taylor,  Miss  Dorothy  IBC  (UPC) 
—  Hokusei    Gakuin,    Nishi     17- 
chome,  Minami  5-jo,  Sapporo 
(22-4276) 


7-1^- 

Taylor,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Earl  AG— 
16,  3-chome,  Nishigahara,  Kita- 
ku,  Tokyo  (919-4277) 


Odawara-shi,  | 


Taylor,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Eugene  FEGC 
—  Ill,  Hakuraku,  Kanagawa-ku, 
Yokohama  (49-9017) 


Taylor,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harvey  JEM 
—799,  Nonakashinden,  Koku- 
bunji-machi,  Kitatama-gun, 
Tokyo 


ffl  799 


LIS'I   OF  MISSIONARIES 


537 


Taylor,  Miss  Isabel  J.,  OMF—  531, 
Hon-cho,  Nanae-machi,  Kameda- 
gun,  Hokkaido 

itmn  filing  UKIVW  531 

T--7  ~ 

Taylor,  Miss  Roberta,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Teschner,  Miss  Sieglinde  LM— 
1933,  Nakanoshima,  Kawasaki- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken 

w^;iimiiwsffT*±a  1933 

7-  •;*-)-- 

Tazumi,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Thomas, 
FEGC—  c/o  Mr.  Nakazawa,  77, 
Kamiya,  Tsuru-shi,  Yamanashi- 
ken 


Tetro,    Rev.    &    Mrs.    Frank   L., 
IND-  (Furlough) 

Tewea,    Mr.  &   Mrs.    Erward    H. 
MSL—  15,  Nakano-cho,  Ichigaya, 
Shinjuku-ku,    Tokyo 
(341-1338) 


Tejfnander,  Rev.  &  Mrs.   Oddvar 
(Sigrunn)  FCM  -113-24,  Matsu- 
shima,  Tsuruga-shi,   Fukui-ken 
(Tsuruga  405  Yobidashi) 
fcft  24-113 


Tennant,  Miss  Elizabeth,  IBC(MC) 
—  Kwassui  Jr.  College,  13, 
Higashi  Yamate-machi,  Naga- 
saki-shi  (2  1416  and  2  9528) 


7-7-  y  h 

Terry,    Rev.  &  Mrs.   John,  CBM 

-Sakurai  Bible    Chapel,    811, 

Asahi-cho,  Sakurai-shi,    Nara- 
ken 


Thacher,  Miss  Juliana,  IBC  (MC) 
—Apt.  No.  1,  11  Konno-cho, 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (408-1915) 


J  j- 


Theuer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George 
(Clara),  IBC  (EUB) -850-31, 
Senriyama,  Suita-shi,  Osaka 


(381-4297) 


ill  TMOJ  31-850 

h  1  -V- 


Thiessen,    Rev.  &  Mrs.    Bernard, 
(GCMM) 
(Furlough  until  summer  1965) 

Thomas,  Miss  Susie  M.,  WFJCM 
-  4399,  Noikura,  Ariake-cho, 
Soo-gun,  Kagoshima-ken 


Thompson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  C.  M. 
UCPM  -163  Yamate-cho,  Ashi- 
ya-shi,  Hyogo-ken 


538 


DIRECTORIES 


Thompson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Darrell, 
NAV—  769-6,  Kitahara,  Mina- 
mizawa,  Kurume-machi,  Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 


JbgC  769-6 


h  y  -?  y 


Thompson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Everett, 
(Zora),  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1963-65) 

Thompson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lawrance, 
(Catherine),  IBC  (MC) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Thompson,  Miss  Sondra  Kay 
c/o,  Interboard  House,  2, 
Higashi-Toriizaka-machi,Azabu, 
Minato-ku,  Tokyo  (481-3325) 


Thomsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harry, 
SCO—  Shin  Rei  San,  Mitsusawa, 
Oaza  Yamazaki,  Fukuroi-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken  (Okazaki  100) 


h  A  «fe  y 

Thomson,    Miss   Anna    Mae,  IBC 
(MC)—  10-2,       Shoto-cho,       1- 
chome,  Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo 
(467-7909) 

ifcjjCiBi&SKfejifflr  i  £>  10-2 

h  A  y  y 

Thomson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Lionel  II., 
OMF  -(Furlough) 


Thoong,  Mrs.  Thora,  SBM—  93-11, 
Shimo-Ikeda-cho,  Kitashira- 
kawa,  Sakyo-ku,  Kyoto 


93-11  h  v  7 

Thorn,  Miss  Inez,  OMSS—  110, 

Hachiken-cho,  Nishikitsuji, 

Nara-shi     (2-8478) 

^&Tfi  eWxt  A$FHT  110  ^r^  y 
Thornton,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William, 

TEAM—  1196  Karuizawa-machi, 

Nagano-ken 


y  -  v  h  v 

Thorsell,  Miss  Anna-Lisa,  SEMJ— 
147  Yamashita-cho,  Date-machi, 
Usu-gun,  Hokkaido 

147 


Thorsen,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Leif-Audun, 

(Aagodt),  NLM 

(Furlough  untill  fall  1965) 
Thurlow,     Mr.    &     Mrs.    James, 

(Setsuko),  IBC  (UCC) 

(Leave  of  absence) 
Tidemann,    Mr.    John,  LCA—  351, 

Oe-machi  Moto,  Kumamoto-shi 

(4-4658) 


Tigelaar,  Miss  Gae,  IBC  (RCA)  — 
(Hiroshima  Christian  Social 
Center)  1438,  Minami-Misasa- 
machi,  Hiroshima-shi  (3-6954) 
mH^tflT  1438  (Km  -*  « 
y  •  y  -y  7  ^»  -t*  y  z  -  ) 

7-   S  f  *7  ~  Jl, 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


539 


Timmer,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John,  CRJM 
(Furlough) 

Tjelle,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Lars,  NMS- 
2  18,   Kamiike    Kita,   Kawamo, 
Takarazuka,  Hyogo-ken 
(6-2459) 

I2"2 


Todd,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Lawrence, 
IND  -16,  Hachiyaura,  Yamoto- 
machi,  Monoo-gun,  Miyagi-ken 
(164) 
fr^$#?TK-W*r^?ffi  16 

h  v  K 

Tomono,  Mr.  Tom,  IND—  16, 
Hachiyaura,  Yamoto-machi, 
Monoo-gun,  Miyagi-ken  (164) 

16 


Toner,  Mr.  Robert  J.,  JEB—  11, 
Shiomidai-cho,  5-chome,  Suma- 
ku,  Kobe  (7-5651) 


Topping,  Miss  Helen,  IND—  457, 
Kami  Kitazawa  2-chome,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 

m#aBtftpmKUbw  2-457 

h  >,  k'  v  7 

Torres,  Mr.  Richard  F.,  IND- 
Hachi-no  Kubo,  Minamata-shi, 
Kumamoto-ken 


Town,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harvey,  CMA 
—  Asahi-machi,  Saijo-shi,  Ehime- 
ken  (2005) 


Townsend,  Rev.  Louis  NTM  - 
866  Sumiyoshi,  Tokorozawa- 
shi,  Saitama-ken 


?  V  -fe  v  K 

Trevor,  Mr.  Hugh,  OMF—  54, 
Sakae-cho,  Itayanagi-machi, 
Aomori-ken—  (Furlough  from 
April,  1965) 


Trotter,  Miss  Bessie,  IND—  36, 
Nakura-cho,  Nishi  7-jo,  Shimo- 
kyo-ku,  Kyoto 


Troxell,     Rev.    &     Mrs.     D.  V., 
(Martha),  IBC  (UCMS)  -133-1, 
Takeda,  Gose-shi,  Nara-ken 
(Gose  4170) 

3>&mmpattYm  133-1 

h   P   7  -fe  fr 

Troyer,    Mr.    Maurice,   Ph.  D.  & 
Mrs  Billie,  IBC  (UPC) 
(Furlough  1964-'65) 

Trueman,  Miss  Margaret,  IBC 
(UCC)-c/o  Mr.  Y.  lida,  1907, 
Senbon-Gorin,  Numazu-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken  (3-0447) 


Tucker,    Rev.    &    Mrs.  Beverley, 
PEC—  Higashi     3-chome,    Kita 
19-jo,  Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 
(71-3903) 


540 


DIRECTORIES 


Tuff,     Miss     Evelyn,    ALC—  183, 
Otowa-cho,  Shizuoka-shi 
(52-9079) 


Tunbridge,  Miss  Marjorie,  IBC 
(UCC)-Rakuenso,  Apt.  205, 
22,  Sarugaku-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (461-4287) 


-T'*>-  b  205  ?  V-7'V  v& 

Tuominen,  Miss  Hilkka,  FFFM 
(Furlough) 

Turnbull,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ian,  WSK— 
9-9,  Hananobo-cho,  Murasakino, 
Kita-ku,  Kyoto 


~7 


Turner,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Dennis  V., 
IND  -1988,  Harashin-machi, 
Numata-shi,  Gunma-ken 

1988 


Tveit,    Miss   Marie,   ALC  —38,  1- 
chome,  Torisu-cho,  Minami-ku, 
Nagoya     (81  3551) 
£#MrfTr?f  KUW  1-38 

b  '>'  *  4  h 

Tygert,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Earl,  DIM  - 
2163,  Karuizawa-machi,  Nagano- 
ken  (2302) 

2163 

9  -f  if  -  h 


I 


Uchida,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Akira,  JEM 
—  Midori-cho,  Koide-machi, 
Kita-Uonuma-gun,  Niigata-ken 


Uchida,  Miss  Ikuye,  JEM 
(Furlough) 

Uhlig,  Deaconess  Marianne, 
MAR-LCM—  Student  Christian 
Center,  3-1,  Surugadai  2-chome, 
Kanda,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 

2-1-3 


Ulmstedt,  Miss  Gerd,  SBM—c/o 
Rev.  Oscar  Rinell,  637,  Shinza- 
ike,  Himeji-shi,  Hyogo-ken 


Unruh,     Rev.     &    Mrs.     Verney, 
GCMM—  5330,     Namiki    Kami- 
kawa,    Higashi-machi,    Miyako- 
nojo-shi,  Miyazaki-ken 
(1188) 

iii  5330 


Unzicker,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William, 
IBC  (RCA)—  Apt.  506,  Santoku 
Bldg.,  3098,  Naka-cho,  1-chome, 
Musashino-shi,  Tokyo 
(Musashino  2-2194  Yobidashi) 
1  T0  3098 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


541 


Uomoto,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  George  Y., 
OPC— 116,  Otachiba-machi,  Sen- 
dai-shi,  Miyagi-ken     (56  6631) 
B#fctfl^Tfjf|!3yMr  116 

•>**  h 

Upton,    Miss    Elizabeth    F.    IND 
(PEC)— 183,      Nagase,     Moro- 
yama-cho,  Iruma-gun,  Saitama- 
ken 
«J3ZmAft8SB€g|Il!Hm$  183 

7  -7    \-  V 

Uralde,   Mr.  M.,  IND— 171,  leno- 
machi,  Nagasaki-shi 
171 

•>  =7  -  K 


Valtonen,    Rev.   &   Mrs.    Tauno, 

LEAF-  (Furlough) 
Van  Baak,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Edward, 

CRJM— 865,  2,  Suzuki-cho,  Ko- 

daira-shi,  Tokyo 

(Kokubunji  8  3981) 

BOiW^ffi  tfrw  2-865 

V  r  V'*-  ? 

Vander  Bilt,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Maas, 
CRJM-409-1,  Kumaki,  Chichi- 
bu-shi,  Saitama-ken     (1703) 
1-409 


Van  Dyck,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  David, 
(Alayne),  IBC  (UPC)— 7  of  2, 
Aza  Kushiyama,  Ushita-machi, 
Hiroshima-shi  (21  6981) 


Vang,   Mr.   &  Mrs.  Paul,  ALC- 
45-7,     Tama-machi,      2-chome, 
Fuchu-shi,  Tokyo     (3815) 
45-7 


Van  Schooten,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Alvin, 
CMA-  255,       Itsukaichi-machi, 
Saeki-gun,  Hiroshima-ken 
(Itsukaichi  2-0550) 


«/  r  v  •>  a  -  r  v 

Van   Wyk,   Rev.  &  Mrs.  Gordon, 
(Bertha)  IBC  (RCA) 
(Furlough  1964-65) 

Varney,  Miss  Evelyn,  CBFMS— 
167-3,  Hakken  Koji,  Minami- 
Koizumi,  Sendai-shi,  Miyagi-ken 
(56-1980) 


3167  1/7.-=.- 

Vatter,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ernst,  LM— 
1933,  Nakanoshima,  Kawasaki- 
shi,  Kanagawa-ken  (91-2334) 


7  r  v  *  ~ 

Vaughn,  Mr,  &  Mrs.  Gary, 
ABFMS—  4,  Miharudai,  Minami- 
ku,  Yokohama  (3-6628) 


Vehanen,  Rev.  Eino,  LCA—  139, 
Higashi  Tamagawa-cho,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo 

139 


542 


DIRECTORIES 


Venden,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  D.  Louis, 
SDA—  1966,  Kamikawai-machi, 
Hodogaya-ku,  Yokohama 

1966 


Vereide,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Abraham 
(Ragna),  NMA—  1313,  2-chome, 
Shinden-cho,  Ichikawa-shi,  Chi- 
ba-ken 

-1313 


Verme,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert, 
CMSJ  (ECCA)—  2570,  Minami- 
cho,  Shibukawa-shi,  Gunma-ken 
(Shibukawa  1080) 


Vermuelen,  Mrs.  Marie,  IBC(MC) 
—  lai  Joshi  Koto  Gakko,  64, 
Suginami-cho,  Hakodate-shi, 
Hokkaido  (2-5277) 


-?-  r  -  A  y  j.  y 

Verwey,    Mr.   &  Mrs.   Cornelius, 
JEB  (Assoc.)   —  Fujiidera, 

Kyokkunai,     3-242,     Hanyuno, 
Habikino-shi,  Osaka 


Viall,  Rt.  Rev.  Kenneth  A.,  SPG 
—331,  Koyama,  Kurume-machi, 
Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(71  0175) 

!I  331 

r  7  ^ 


Visser,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  J.  P.,  JRM 
—2640,  Jonan-ku,  Saiki-shi, 
Oita-ken  (Saiki  2238) 


Vist,  Miss  Ingrid,  SAM  J—  257-51, 
Kamoe-cho,  Hamamatsu-shi, 
Shizuoka-ken  (3-5051) 

51 


Vogt,  Miss  Verna,  TEAM—  15-15, 
3-chome,  Daizawa,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo 

15-15 


Voran,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Peter,  GCMM 
—3777,  Sonoda,  Nichinan-shi, 
Miyazaki-ken  (2393) 


Vorland,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    Gehard, 
ALC—  99,  Kuzukawa-cho,  Kake- 
gawa-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
(1276) 


W 

Waala,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Russell, 
FEGC—  111,  Hakuraku,  Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama  (49-9017) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


543 


Waddinfirton,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Richard, 
ABFMS-  79,     Nishi     Kumiura, 
Ueda,  Morioka-shi,  Iwate-ken 
(2-7076) 


Waid,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Herbert, 
FWBM 

(Furlough  until  Summer  1964) 
Return  July  1964  address  not 
known 

Walbert,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clement, 
BGC  —  1037-66,  Nishinosho, 
Wakayama-shi  (5-1320) 

ee-  1037 


Waldin,    Miss   Margaret,  TEAM 
—1433,      2-chome,       Setagaya, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
JK  tftBtftffl  £  Ktfi  ffl  £  2T  (11433 


Waldron,  Miss  Rose,  IBC  (MC) 
(Pre-retirement     furlough    '64- 
'65) 

Walfridsson,    Mr.    Ake,    SAMJ— 
257-51,  Kamoe-cho,  Hamamatsu- 
shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
HWJR^&rffltfllHl  257-51 

•7  r  ^  7  !J  —  K  y  v 

Walker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Wesley 
(Margaret),  CnC-250,  Moiwa- 
shita,  Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 


Walker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William 
(Lois),  CnC  —  1210,  Kami 
Kasuya,  Isehara-cho,  Naka-gun, 
Kanagawa-ken 


1210  7-^7- 

Walker,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William  L., 
SB—  979,  Hamamatsubara,  Mae- 
dashi,  Fukuoka-shi  (65  8421) 
Ii  979 


Walker,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  William  B., 
CC-141,  1,  Tsurumaki-cho, 
Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 

1-141 


Wallace,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  D.  G.,  ACPC 
—  Unuma,  Kagamigahara-shi, 
Gifu-ken 


Waller,  Miss  Marjorie,  JEB— 
1-53,  Himuro-cho,  1-chome, 
Hyogo-ku,  Kobe 

l  TH  53-1 


Walsh,  Miss  Ellen  Mae,  IBC(MC) 
11,  Konno-cho,  Shibuya-ku, 
Tokyo  (408  1914) 


Walston,   Rev.   &   Mrs.   Richard, 
EFCM—  (Furlough) 


544 


DIRECTORIES 


Walter,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Donald, 
TEAM—  8848,  Chigasaki,  Chiga- 
saki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Walter,  Miss  Helen,  CBFMS— 
12-1,  Shita-machi,  Yokote-shi, 
Akita-ken  (1576) 

rfi  TUT  12-1 


Walters,    Mr.     &    Mrs.    Russell, 
TEAM—  1068,    2-chome,    Seta- 
gaya,  Setagaya-ku,  Tokyo 
(421-1367) 


Wang,  Miss  Jean,  ALC—  4-426, 
Yunoki,  Fuji-shi,  Shizuoka-ken 
MW^-i-TtT'ttOTfC  426-4 

•7  yf 

Warkentyne,    Mr.  &  Mrs.    H.    J., 
(Michiko)  IBC  (UCC) 
(Furlough  until  Summer  1965) 

Warmath,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William 
C.,  SB-8-143,  Takinoue,  Naka- 
ku,  Yokohama 

-8 


Warne,  Miss  Eleanor,  IBC  (MC) 
—  Nishi  No-no,  Hiromi-cho, 
Kita-Uwa-gun,  Ehime-ken 


Warner,  Miss  Eileen,  M.,  JEB— 
1-25,  Kawada,  Minoshima, 
Arita-shi,  Wakayama-ken 

-1 


Warriner,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Austin, 
(Dorothy)  AAM 
(Furlough  until  Feb.  1965) 

Waterman,  Miss  Gertrude, 
ABFMS—  7,  Nakajima-cho,  Sen- 
dai-shi,  Miyagi-ken  (22-8791) 


•>*  —  #—•»  y 

Watkins,  Miss  Elizabeth  T.,  SB 
—  Matsukage  Shogakko-mae, 
Hirose-cho,  6,  Yahatahama-shi, 
Ehime-ken 


Watson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Leslie,  SB 
—171,  2-chome,  Maruyama-cho, 
Miyazaki-shi  (2-6317) 

mmojur^TS  171 

7  h  y  y 

Watson,  Miss  Marylin,  IBC(MC) 
—Hiroshima  Jogakuin  Daigaku, 
720,  Ushita-machi,  Hiroshima- 
shi  (21-2089) 


Watters,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James  Lee, 
SB—  1,    7-chome,    Kamitsutsui- 
cho,  Fukiai-ku,  Kobe 
(22-0017) 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARY 


545 


Watte,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Carl  B.,  SDA 
—  67Banchi,  2-chome,  Akahira- 
cho,  Naha,  Okinawa 


Wayne,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Milton,  TEC 
—  17,  4-chome,  Kumano-cho, 
Hyogo-ku,  Kobe 


Weiss,  Rev.  &  Mrs. 
(Georgia)  IBC  (UPC) 
(Furlough  1964-66) 


Weitzel,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  William  H., 
PEC-  Kita  Kanto  Student 
Center,  Shiki  Hamazaki,  Asaka- 
machi,  Kita-Adachi-gun,  Sai- 
tama-ken  (Shiki  427) 


Weber,     Mr.     &     Mrs.     James, 
(Dorothy),  CBFMS 
(Furlough  till  Fall  1965) 

Wedel,    Mr.    &   Mrs.    A.  Delmar 
(Betty),    YMCA—  7-2,    Fujimi- 
cho,  Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo 
(261-4931) 
IflMWttffliafctJUr  2  Ti  I  7 

•>  x  -y-'/L- 

Weindorf,  Rev.  Luther,  WELS— 
620,  Tenjin,  Komatsu,  Tsuchi- 
ura-shi,  Ibaragi-ken  (2  3578) 


«/•/  -f  v  K/i'? 

Weippert,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Horst,  LM 
—1933,  Nakanoshima,  Kawa- 
saki-shi,  Kanagawa-ken 


Wm., 


7  4  V  3.  fr 

Weller,  Miss  Mary  E.,  OMF 
(Furlough  until  Oct.  1964) 

Wells,  Miss  Lillian,  (UPC) 
(Retired)—  47  of  45,  5-chome, 
Aoyama-Minami-cho,  Minato- 
ku,  Tokyo  (408-0677) 

45  47 


Wentz,    Rev.   &  Mrs.   Edwin  C., 
LCA—  Danguchi,      Akasegawa, 
Akune-shi,  Kagoshima-ken 
(527) 


Werdal,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Morris,  LB 
—  Narayama,  Motoshinmachi, 
Akita-shi  (2  4949) 


Werdal,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Philip  E., 
LB-  (Furlough) 

Werner,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Walter, 
GAM-22-2,  2-chome,  Nishi- 
machi,  Kagiya,  Gifu-shi 


546 


DIRECTORIES 


West,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert 
(Audrey),  CnC-143,  2-chome, 
Unoue-cho,  Tsuyama-shi,  Oka 
yama-ken 

ffijUlJ^tUTrfJ  5£>5  X.IHJ 
143 

Westbergr,    Rev.   &   Mrs.    Harry, 
CMSJ-152,    Moto    Soja-machi, 
Maebashi-shi,  Gunma-ken 
(2-5845) 

152 


Westby,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Carl,  ALC 
—43,  Yaizu,  Yaizu-shi,  Shizu- 
oka-ken 


Whaley,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Charles  L., 
Jr.,  SB—  65,  Sawawatari,  Kana- 
gawa-ku,  Yokohama  (44-6600) 


*  *  y  - 

Wheeler,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Donald, 
ABFMS-Waseda  Hoshien,  550, 
1-chome,  Totsuka-machi,  Shin- 
juku-ku,  Tokyo  (341-3972) 


Whewell,  Miss  Elizabeth  A.,  MM 
—  Tomidahama,  Yokkaichi-shi, 
Mie-ken  (6-0096) 


White,  Miss  Christina,  SPG— 14, 
Nozaki-dori,  8-chome,  Fukiai- 
ku,  Kobe  (23-8955) 

14 


White,  Miss  E.  Ruth,  OMF— 
Kome-cho,  Ajigasawa,  Nishi 
Tsugaru-gun,  Aomori-ken 


Whitman,  Miss  Sylvia,  AAM  — 
Yura  Daiei-cho,  Tohaku-gun, 
Tottori-ken 


Whybray,  Rev.  R.  Norman,  Ph.  D. 
&  Mrs.,  PEC—  Central  Theo 
logical  College,  8,  2-chome, 
Tamagawa  Naka-machi,  Seta- 
gaya-ku,  Tokyo  (701-0575) 


Wicklund,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David, 
LCA  —  Canadian  Academy, 
Nagamineyama  Oishi,  Nada-ku, 
Kobe  (86-2781) 


Wielenga,   Miss  Hilda,  IND—  c/o 
Tanahashi,  1709,  Higashi-Terao- 
cho,  Tsurumi-ku,  Yokohama 
1709 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


547 


Wiens,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Roland  M., 
MBM-320-3,  Aza  Higashi  No 
Kuchi  Nishi,  Amagasaki-shi, 
Hyogo-ken 

l'U  3-320 


Wiens,  Miss  Ruth,  MBM-59, 
Sonpachi-cho,  Ikeda-shi,  Osaka 
(0727-6-8969) 


—V  7^ 


Wiese,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  James,  MSL 
—  342,      Uenodai,      Nakayama, 
Hanno-shi,  Saitama-ken 
(04297-3269) 


Wigglesworth,    Miss   Anne,  JPM 
—1235,     Matsunoki-cho,    Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
(312  1539) 

/W1235 


Wildermuth,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Wesley, 
OMS     1648,  Megurita,  Higashi- 
murayama-shi,  Tokyo 
(9  3071) 


Wilhelmsson,  Miss  Thyra,  SFM 
—  434-4,  Ogasawara  Kushigata- 
machi,  Nakakoma-gun,  Yama- 
nashi-ken 


434 


>\<  J+  7*  V 


Wilkinson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ted, 
WMC  850,  Tenjin-cho,  Sasebo- 
shi,  Nagasaki-ken  (2-6909) 


Wilkinson,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  David 
(Georgelyn)FEBC—  229,  Tama- 
gawa  Oyama-cho,  Setagaya-ku, 
Tokyo  (701-8673) 


Williams,  Mr.  Jean,  CN-P.  O. 
Box  2,  Yotsukaido,  Imba-gun, 
Chiba-ken  (Yotsukaido  347) 


Williams,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Philip, 
(Mary)  IBC  (UCBWM)—  28, 
Uwa-cho,  Komegafukuro,  Sen- 
dai-shi,  Miyagi-ken  (22  6812) 


•>  >f  D  7  A  X 

Willis,  Miss  Carolyn  J.,  OMF- 
Higashi  2-  jo,  Minami  1-chome, 
Sunagawa-shi,  Hokkaido 


Willman,  Miss  Barbel,  GAM— 
Kencho,  Kasamatsu-machi, 
Gifu-ken  (Kasamatsu  3655) 


548 


DIRECTORIES 


Willms,    Mr.    &    Mrs.    Peter    A. 
(Mary)  BIG    11,  Tokaichi-suji, 
Hagi-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(Hagi  444)     (after  Jan.  1,  1965 
short  furlough) 


Wilson,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  James  C., 

BGC—  (Furlough) 
Wilson,    Rev.    &   Mrs.    Kenneth, 

W.,  PCUS—  112,  4-chome,  Yama- 

moto-dodi,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe 

(22-1887) 


Wilson,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Wesley, 
TEAM—  1603,  Omiya-cho,  Sugi- 
nami-ku,  Tokyo 
Ifttf  ®#afeK*'fcfBJ  1603 

<>  4  /i-  y  y 

Windus,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Harold  —30, 
Ochiai,  Kurume-machi,  Kita- 
tama-gun,  Tokyo 

$#iyfc£«B&s#wra?£  30 

£  4  v  K  9  * 

Winemiller,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul  L., 
LCA—  Kuroiwa,  Kogushi,  Nishi- 
ku,  Ube-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(2  2219) 


•7  -f  y  5  7  - 

Winn,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Paul  (Anne), 
IBC  (UPC)—  Muromachi-dori, 
Imadegawa-agaru,  Kamikyo-ku, 
Kyoto  (44-5642) 


Winroth,  Mr.  Alfred  Jr.,  IND— 
2215,  Kumizawa-cho,  Totsuka- 
ku,  Yokohama  (0692-0854) 


Winsjansen,  Miss  Kirsten,  FCM— 
P.  O.  Box  5,  Mikuni-machi, 
Fukui-ken 


"X  ^  V  ix  -^  v  -b  y 

Winters,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  G.  J., 
ABWE  —  1603,  Sumiyoshi, 
Hayato-cho,  Aira-gun,  Kago- 
shima-ken 


Winther,  Rev.  J.  M.  T.,  ALC— 
3,  2-chome,  Nakajima-dori, 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe  (2-3601) 


Winther,  Miss  Maya,  LCA— 
217,  Nakano-Hashi  Koji,  Saga- 
shi  (3-4010) 


*  -r  v-y-*- 

Wipf  ,  Miss  Lucille,  NAB—  Daiichi 
Apartment  #60,  Matsuzaka-shi, 
Mie-ken  (493) 


Witson,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Konnottee 
W.—  122,  4-chome,  Yamamoto- 
dori,  Ikuta-ku,  Kobe 

122 
h  y  v 


LIST  OF  MISSIONARIES 


549 


Wohlgemuth,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ivan, 
MBM-4-19,  Nagamineyama, 
Oishi,  Nada-ku,  Kobe 


Wolcott,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Rodger, 
JEM  3,  4-chome,  Shimonaka- 
jima,  Nagaoka-shi,  Niigata  ken 
Tf-1  3 


Wolff,  Sister  Hanni,  IND— 
Seirei,  Hoyoen,  Sanbohara- 
machi,  Hamamatsu-shi,  Shizu- 
oka-ken 


Wongsted,  Miss  Vera,  IND 
(Furlough) 

Wood,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  S.  Kenneth, 
SB—  (Furlough) 

Wood,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Robert  W. 
(Mary),  IBC  (UCBWM)-Futa- 
tsujime,  Nishi  Iru,  Imadegawa 
Agaru,  Karasuma  Dori,  Kami- 
kyo-ku,  Kyoto  (44-8912) 


Wooden,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Floyd, 
BMMJ—  16,  Wakaba-cho,  1- 
chome,  Shinjuku-ku,  Tokyo 


V  y  f  x 

Wood-Robinson,  Rev.  &  Mrs. 
David,  CMS—  Shoin  Junior 
College,  Nakajima-dori,  1-chome 
Fukiai-ku,  Kobe  (22-5980) 


I'M  A  'i'  —  ill  1  *  y  K 

Woodard,    Rev.  &  Mrs.    William 
(Margaret)    IBC    (UCBWM)   - 
12,  Gazenbo-cho,  Azabu,  Minato- 
ku,  Tokyo     (481-3516) 
(Office  291-4231) 

12 

yf-  K 


Woods,  Miss  Elaine,  OMF  —  Asahi- 
yama,  Kita-gun,  Kanagi-machi, 
Aomori-ken 


Woods,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Wendell,  CN 
(Furlough) 

Woollett,      Mr.    &    Mrs.     John, 
CBFMS-  (Furlough) 

Woolley,  Miss  A.  K.,  SPG-  1046, 

Hiratsuka  7-chome,  Shinagawa- 
ku,  Tokyo     (781-4736) 


Worth,  Mr.  Donald  C.,  Ph.  D.,  & 
Mrs.  Ardyce.IBC  (UPC)-ICU, 
1500,  Osawa,  Mitaka-shi,  Tokyo 
(Mitaka  3-3131) 


Worth,  Mr.  Donald,  LCA—  351, 
Oe-machi,  Moto,  Kumamoto-shi 
(4-4658) 


550 


DIRECTORIES 


Wright,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Morris  Jr. 
SB  —  6-18,  Kamiyama-cho 
Shibuya-ku,  Tokyo  (467-7669 
JgtttP&SKft' Ul  BT  18-6 

7  -f 

Wyatt,  Miss  Clare  E.  M.,  SPG— 
130,  Minami  Senju  5-chome 
Arakawa-ku,  Tokyo 

jfat^ftHiKiftresrn  130 

7  -f  T  -;    \- 

Wynkoop,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Ralph,  CN 
-P.O.  Box  2,  Yotsukaido,  Imba- 
gun,  Chiba-ken 
(Yotsukaido  347) 

Tmm  wmw  mim 


Yakel,  Miss  Ella,  IND—  16,  Hachi- 
yaura,  Yamoto-machi,  Monno- 
gun,  Miyagi-ken 


•^  >r  /i- 

Yarbrough,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Robert, 
CC—  Ibaragi  Christian  College, 
Omika,  Kuji-machi,  Hitachi-shi, 
Ibaragi-ken  (Kujihama  2251) 


Yasuhara,   Mr.  &  Mrs.   Edward, 
FKK-63-1,  Showa-cho,  Hama- 
dera,  Sakai-shi,  Osaka 
(Sakai  6-0019) 

1-63 


Yoder,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Marvin,  JMM 
— Nakashibetsu-cho,  Shibetsu- 
gun,  Hokkaido  (346) 


Yonteck,    Miss  Barbara,  PCUS— 
Nankoryo,  Kinjo  College,  Omori- 
cho,  Moriyama-ku,  Nagoya 
(Moriyama  79-3086) 


*VT?9 

Youmans,  Miss  Doris,  BMMJ— 
128,  Kasuga-cho,  Fukushima- 
shi 


Young,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Clarence, 
FEGC—  (Furlough  June  '64- 
June  '65) 

Young,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  John  M.  L., 
JPM—  272,     Kamihoya,     Hoya- 
machi,  Kitatama-gun,  Tokyo 
(Tanashi  6-4620) 


Young,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Neil  S.,  IND 
—P.  O.  Box  22,  Tachikawa-shi, 
Tokyo     (2-4224) 
31  M5£  J  1  1  rfT^M  ffi  22 

^vy 

Young,  Miss  Ruth  C.,  OMF— 
371-29,  Hassamu,  Kotoni-machi, 
Sapporo-shi,  Hokkaido 

m  371-29 


I   Is  I 


\|]ssl(  )\  \KH  s 


551 


Youngquist,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Harris, 
BGC  -  Temma,  Nachi  Katsuura- 
machi,  Higashi-Muro-gun, 

Wakayama-ken 


Ypma,    Rev.   Benjamin,   CRJM— 
874,     4-chome,     Shimotakaido, 
Suginami-ku,  Tokyo 
(322-5445) 


- 

Robert, 


Yunker,     Rev.    &    Mrs. 
TEAM—  (Furlough) 


Zamora,     Mr.    &    Mrs.    Manuel, 
IND—  Box  31,  Showa-ku,  Nagoya 


Zander,  Miss  Helen,  IBC  (RCA) 
—  Interboard  House,  2,  Higashi 
Toriizaka-machi,  Azabu,  Minato 
ku,  Tokyo  (481-3325) 


Zastrow,  Miss  Violet,  S.,  WEC 
(Furlough  until  Dec.  1965) 

Zehnder,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Tom,  MSL 
—  239-B,  Yamate-cho,  Naka-ku, 
Yokohama  (64  1296) 


Zeno,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Norman, 
UF»CM  671,  5-chome,  Nukui 
Kita-machi,  Koganei-shi,  Tokyo 


671  -tr/ 

Zerbe,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Ben,  MBM  - 
151,  Yonagawa-cho,  2-chome, 
Tonda,  Takatsuki-shi,  Osaka 


151  -9-'-  t* 

Zimmerman,  Rev.  &  Mrs. 
Charles,  BMMJ-  17-1,  Fujita, 
Kunimi-machi,  Date-gun,  Fuku- 
shima-ken 

1-17 


Zinke,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Gilbert  (Helen), 
CBFMS—  167-3,  Hakken  Koji, 
Minami-Koizumi,  Sendai-shi, 
Miyagi-ken  (56-1980) 


167-3 


X  4  v  *  - 


Zollinger,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Eugen, 
IMM  18,  Wakana,  Yubari-shi, 
Hokkaido 


Zook,  Mr.  &  Mrs.  Marlin(  Ruth), 
BIC-11,  Tokaichi-suji,  Hiji- 
wara  Hagi-shi,  Yamaguchi-ken 
(Hagi  444) 


552 


DIRECTORIES 


Zschiegner,  Rev.  &  Mrs.  Max, 
MSL--6,  2-chome,  Kudan, 
Chiyoda-ku,  Tokyo  (301-0272) 
HC#«B  f  f  ^ffl  K AS  2  T  H  6 

*•  k  *• 

Zwintscher,    Rev.  &  Mrs.  Victor, 
MSL— 4292-16,  Sunaoshi,  Taie, 
Niitsu-shi,  Niigata-ken 
(Niitsu  576) 

WUWfitffifflfc-f  fc*  1 16- 

4292 


Zwyghuizen,    Rev.    &  Mrs.    John 

(Helene),    IBC    (RCA) 761, 

Kami-Osaki,     1-chome,     Shina- 
gawa-ku,  Tokyo     (473-3072) 
Ti  761 


39  i£  8  fl  10  0  ft  fill 
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