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PRINCETON, N. J.

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THE

JEWISH EXPOSITOR,

AND

iTricnti of

MARCH, 1825.

NOTICE.

We think it right to warn the friends of the Jewish cause in the
country, against too easily giving credit to the professions of travelling
Jews who represent themselves as Christians. It will always be pru-
dent to make very particular enquiries respecting the truth of their
statements, as designing persons will ever be found ready to take ad-
vantage of the benevolent spirit now manifested towards the Jewish na-
tion ; and thus discredit will not unfrequently be brought on the cause,
and Christians discouraged from co-operating in a work, the success of
which does not depend on the sincerity or stability of a few individuals,
but on the word of that God who keepeth his promise for ever.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS OF THE LON-
DON SOCIETY TO THEIR MISSION-
ARIES.

Beloved Brethren in the Lord,
After earnest prayer for Di-
vine direction on this important
subject, and with feelings of deep
interest for your personal welfare
and prosperity, the Committee de-
sire to present you with their in-
structions, to which they request
your marked and undeviating at-
tention. They are offered in the
spirit of affectionate counsel ; and
the Committee trust, however dis-
tant countries may separate you
from them, these instructions will
be frequently perused as your di-
rectory, and as a pledge that,
though absent, you live in their re-
membrance.

The office to which you have de-
dicated yourselves has for its ob-
VOL. X.

ject, to promote Christianity among
the Jews. In the present state of
that interesting people, this office
requires, a constant endeavour, by
the divine blessing, 1st. To bring
the scattered remnant of Judah and
Israel to a cordial reception of the
Lord Jesus Christ as the true
Messiah: — 2dly, To interest Chris-
tians and other persons in their
welfare ; and, 3dly, To obtain such
information as may be useful for
those purposes. Thus at one time
you will be directly engaged as a
Missionary to the Jews ; at another,
more indirectly, but, it may be, not
less usefully employed in their ser-
vice, in exciting the sympathy of
Christians in their favour ; and at a
third season, in making researches
for those stores of information which
may hereafter be most advantageous-
ly used Sy the friends of Israel.

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE MISSIONARIES

Yours, therefore, is an office re-
quiring “largeness of heart it
will not suffice you merely to con-
vert a single Jew, nor to interest
a few Christians in their welfare,
nor to explore some unknown
countries or literary curiosities in
their behalf ; but you will consider
yourself one of a body whose work
will never terminate till every
channel of information has been
searched, till all Israel shall acknow-
ledge Jesus as their Messiah, and
with the Gentiles become “ one
fold under one Shepherd.”

In giving you their instructions,
the Committee conceive it may be
most useful to arrange them under
the two following heads, though
some of their observations may be
of so mixed a nature, as not to ad-
mit of that exact order.

1st. Respecting your personal
religion.

2d. Respecting your conduct, in
your intercourse with the Jews;
with Christians or others amonsf
whom you sojourn ; and with the
Society.

They commence w’ith your per-
sonal religion, as they consider this
of the highest importance. They
entertain no hopes of success from
any agents who have not fully
counted the cost, and, by Divine
grace, made up their minds to do
or suffer the whole will of God.
The office of a Missionary has little
of worldly honour or emolument to
recommend it. He who enters
upon it must look to the light of
God’s countenance as his principal
joy and consolation at present, and
to the blessedness of his eternal
kingdom as bis great reward here-
after. The love of Christ and the
extension of his kingdom, the sav-
ing of souls from death and bein<r
nstrumental to their everlasting

happiness, must be the prevailing
motives of his conduct. He must
have the spirit of his divine Mas-
ter, “ who for the joy that was set
before him,” the joy of saving mi-
serable sinners, of doing the will of
God, and manifesting His glory,
“ endured the cross, and despised
the shame.” Lower motives than
these will fail in the hour of temp-
tation. Nothing bpt love to God,
the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost
— the Lord Jehovah revealing him-
self in the person of the Son, will
suffice. The love of Christ must
constrain him. He must go forth
with this inscription upon his fore-
head, “For me to live is Christ,
and to die is gain.”

Such must be the standard of
his personal piety. We trust, be-
loved brethren, that it is yours ;
that through the riches of divine
grace, you are born again of the
Spirit, have a lively faith in Christ
Jesus, and have given up yourselves
to his service.

This standard must be kept up.
The fire must ever be burning on
the altar. If the ardour of the
Missionary cools, his w’ork will
suffer. An arrow, inflamed by
love, will penetrate far deeper than
a cold and blunted dart. Your
thoughts will be more lively, your
conversation more edifying, your
example more winning, as your
piety increases ; you will have the
savour of the knowledge of Christ,
as well as the knowledge itself.

Our blessed Lord has in this re-
spect set an example to Mission-
aries. If he was diligent by day,
he was devout by night. He spent
whole nights in prayer — he rose a
great while before day for prayer —
he commenced his ministry in
prayer — whilst praying, the Holy
Ghost descended upon him — he
directed his disciples to pray al-
ways, and not to faint — he fre-

OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

quently prayed with them — his
last intercourse with them was de-
votional— and, when he left them,
he enjoined them to tarry at Jeru-
salem, waiting for the promise of the
Father, in this spirit of prayer.
Your personal religion, therefore,
requires your peculiar care ; the
more so, as you will be exposed to
great temptations. Some will flat-
'ter you as Christians of a superior
order. Others will look down
upon you with contempt and deri-
sion. You will be often without
the benefit of Christian example or
communion, or any of the public
means of grace ; often, where every
outward object wUl damp devo-
tion, where a false religion, or a
profaned Sabbath, or a demoralized
sensual people, will meet your eye.
There will be the danger of forget-
ting the “ exceeding sinfulness” of
sin, from the unconcern with which
it is practised. You may be tempt-
ed to think your standard too high,
and, by little and little, may be led
to decline. The climate also may
enervate you, and peculiarly dispose
you to indolence or sensuality.
Satan also will be particularly ac-
tive. Some Missionaries have men-
tioned, that when actually engaged
in the work of the Lord, they have
had suggestions and buffettings
from the enemy, of which before
they had not even a conception.
You may be called to take long
journies with little intervals of rest
— you may have much Missionary
occupation — you may be led to
postpone your own devotions, from
desire to do your work — you may
be tempted to despondency from
seeing it proceed so slowly ; or to
pride, by imagining that an impres-
sion has been made solely by your
efforts, or by the books you have
distributed. On every side temp-
tations await you ; and Mission-

aries in different ages, have fallen
into these snares. They have set
out with the best intentions ; but
when temptations met them, they
have been overcome. Your safety
therefore lies in a constant sense of
your own weakness, and in a sim-
ple dependence on HIM in whom
is “ everlasting strength.” You
need to die daily ; to live the life
you live in the flesh, by the faith of
the Son of God ; to set the Lord
always before you ; to cultivate pe-
culiar tenderness of conscience,
shrinking back from the first ap-
proach of sin, and saying with holy
men of old, “ I have made a cove-
nant with my eyes — “ Seta watch,
O Lord, upon the door of my lips;”
— “ Hold up my paths that my
footsteps slip not.” Thus should
you habituate yourself to the higher
exercises of devotion ; to constant
study of the Scriptures, meditation,
prayer, praise, and walking with
God, living as it were with the
gates of heaven open before you,
drinking in continually the pure
water of life.

You, like Brainerd and Martyn,
and the great Apostle who was
“ in fastings oft,” will find days of
fasting and extraordinary prayer
peculiarly useful ; particularly after
seasons when long journies or an
unusual pressure of missionary en-
gagements have occasioned a slack-
ness in your devotional exercises.
Think not these days wiU be lost
days. It will be with you, as with
the skilful labourer stopping to
sharpen his scythe in the midst of
harvest— his sheaves will after-
wards fall the quicker.

Be careful to keep the Sabbath
holy ; regard not the customs
around you, but remember it is the
Lord’s Day. Cultivate also a con-
stant dependence upon the gracious
influence of the Holy Spirit ; re-

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE MISSIONARIES

membering that Paul may plant,
and Apollos water, but that God
alone can give the increase. Let
all your work be done in reliance
upon him ; “ praying in the Holy
Ghost,” living and walking in the
Spirit. In a word, seek to be men
of God, “ full of faith and of the
Holy Ghost men whose meat
and drink it is to do the will of
God ; men whom no difficulties or
disappointments move ; but whose
great aim is to be accepted of Him,
to finish their course with joy, and
the ministry which they have re-
ceived, to testify the Gospel of the
grace of God.

The Committee now proceed to
your conduct towards others, and
first towards the Jews :

They would recommend you, as
preparatory to action, to use every
means in your power, of becoming
acquainted witli modern Judaism
in all its parts, so as to be enabled
to detect their errors, and to an-
swer their objections to the religion
of Christ. More especially they
would recommend a critical study
of the Holy Scriptures in their ori-
ginal langiuiges, remembering that
you are going to men of acute
minds and strong prejudices ; men
who from their infancy have been
habituated to every kind of subtlety.
It would be useful to keep a book
of objections and answers, particu-
larly marking the objections on
which the Jews most insist, and the
answers which appear most con-
vincing ; above all, they would
wish you to cultivate the feelings
of the Apostle Paul, when he said,
“ I have much heaviness and con-
tinual sorrow of heart for my bre-
thren according to the flesh.” With-
out this tender sympathy, know-
ledge will be of little avail ; for it
is love to the children of Abraham

that will make you a willifig Mis-
sionary to them. Meditate there-
fore frequently upon whatever may
excite your benevolent feelings to-
ward them, and ever have the
mantle of love near you to cover
what may produce a contrary spi-
rit. Acquaint yourself also with
such circumstances respecting the
present state of the Jews in differ-
ent parts of the world, their privi-
leges and immunities, as may ena-
ble you to mix with your spiritual
advice, such facts regarding their
temporal welfare as may be inte-
resting to them : of these things
they will be always glad to hear,
even when they dislike your spi-
ritual instruction.

When you actually come in con-
tact with them, let all your deport-
ment convince them that you have
their welfare deeply at heart— that
no sinister motive sways you, but
that you are seeking their salvation
from a deep sense of the value of
their souls. With a view to their
conversion, pursue the apostolic
mode of shewing the accordance of
the events in our Lord’s history,
with the predictions of their pro-
phets, and insisting much upon his
resurrection and ascension, as af-
fording the clearest proof of his
being the Son of God, and the true
Messiah ; endeavouring also to
convince them of sin, and of the
impossibility of obtaining justifica-
tion by the law'. Here lies the
root of Jewish error ; that going
about to establish their own right-
eousness, they have not submitted
to the righteousness of God. Shew
them, that the Old Testament leads
to the New, and that the doctrines
of the New' are only a clearer and
more spiritual exposition of those
contained in the Old ; that the
types and prophecies of the one are
realized and fulfilled by the facts

OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

and liistory of the other — that both
harmonize in all essential truth,
giving the same views of the Lord
Jehovah, of the Messiah, of man,
^of good and evil, and of the way to
present peace and future glory.
Follow the plan of the Apostles in
reasoning with them out of the
Scriptures, always bearing in mind
that you are as a physician convers-
ing with a diseased patient. Con-
sider all their suspicion, prejudice,
mis-statements, angry disputations,
as symptoms of the disease wliich
it is your object to cure. Never
therefore be discouraged, never
impute to them unworthy motives,
or treat their prepossessions with
indifference, but, conducting your
arguments in the spirit of prayer,
endeavour to imitate the meekness
and gentleness of Christ. Henry
Martyn mentions : — “ I learnt, af-
ter a conversation with a violent
Brahmin, that the power of meek-
ness is irresistible. I never was
more astonished than at the change
in the deportment of the hot-headed
Brahmin.” Similar will be the ef-
fect on the prejudiced Jew.

It will be viseful also to unite
your spiritual interest with theirs,
by shewing that you do not engage
in arguments merely to make pro-
selytes, but that you consider the
felicity of the Gentiles connected
w’ith the glory of the Jews ; — that
you long to see them restored to
their privileges, especially to the
great privilege of the favour of
God and his Christ. Hear their
narratives of their sufferings in the
spirit of sympathy ; not only seem
their friend, but be so. Let all
your intercourse impress this upon
their minds, “ He loveth our na-
tion.” This affectionate spirit is of
the first importance ; for feeling
themselves to be a people hated,
despised, insulted, and oppressed

by all around them, they consider
it equally an act of courage and of
kindness for any individual to avow
himself the friend of Israel. It
operates with an indescribable force ;
commanding their esteem, and win-
ning their love.

Secondly, In reference to your
conduct towards the persons with
whom you sojourn.

As a Missionary to a people dis-
persed amongst all countries, you
will necessarily have much inter-
course with foreign governments
and with strangers. Let then this
be your maxim — that the kingdom
of your Lord is not of this world.
Remember the Divine precept,
“ Honour all men. Love the bro-
therhood, Fear God, Honour the
king.” Abstain from all inter-
ference with politics ; pay respect
to the powers that be ; do more ;
evince by your conduct that you
feel grateful for the protection af-
forded you by the civil powers,
and particularly for the privilege
you enjoy of uninterruptedly exer-
cising your office of a Missionary
to the Jews — let your whole con-
versation shew this gratitude. Re-
port yourself always to the consti-
tuted authorities ; attend to all mu-
nicipal regulations regarding pass-
ports, baggage, &c. &c., and espe-
cially avoid all trading, or the
transport of contraband goods,
however trifling. Avoid also, as
much as possible, all remarks upon
present political events, and upon
any local customs which may appear
singular.

When you are journeying, and
when you arrive at any place, ask
yourself these questions What
good can be done? What useful
information can be obtained ? and
by what means ? — Your means of
doing good are principally by pri-
vate and familiar conversation, by

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE MISSIONARIES

more formal arguments or expo-
sitions of Scripture, by meetings
for prayer, by public preaching, by
circulating the holy Scriptures, by
distributing tracts, by private cor-
respondence, and by the press.
Your means of obtaining inform-
ation will depend upon circum-
stances. Have these different means
therefore always in your mind.
Consider what will facilitate the use
of them. Embrace every oppor-
tunity circumstances afford you.
Remember that correspondence and
introductions which are not imme-
diately useful, may afterwards be
important. Let your motto be.
Always a Missionary. Whether
at an inn, or lodging with a private
family, travelling by sea or land, at'
the court of a prince, or in the
cottage of a peasant, be ever in
your work : say with your divine
Lord, “ My meat is to do the will
of Him that sent me, and to finish
his work.”

When opportunities occur of ex-
plaining the Scriptures, or of
preaching, avoid all disputed topics,
and keep to the grand truths of the
Gospel. In seeking the conversion
of the Jews, you have the example
of our Lord and his apostles, you
have both particular and general
precepts of holy writ, and you have
the general strain and current of
prophecy, declaring that the Lord
will yet restore Israel to his favour,
and that the receiving of the Jews
shall be as life from the dead to the
Gentiles. The whole tenour of
Scripture is in your favour. The
early promise of the Old Testament
is, “I will bless them that bless
thee and among the last decla-
rations of our blessed Saviour this
will be found “ There shall be
one fold and one Shepherd.” No
servant of Christ, therefore, has a
stronger warrant for his work than

a Missionary to the Jews. Be
careful, then, not to weaken your
strength by entering into too minute
expositions of unfulfilled prophe-
cies, or making these the principal
ground of your arguments. Keep
to the plain and grand truths which
rise in the Scriptures like the ever-
lasting hills ; truths which it will be
more easy to remove the Alps than
to overturn. Remember that you
have nothing to do with sectarian
distinctions ; your object is to bring
the Jews to the knowledge of Jesus
Christ as the true Messiah, and
Christians to that feeling of sym-
pathy towards them, which has,
alas ! been so much forgotten by
the church of Christ. Cultivate
therefore a catholic ' spirit. Con-
verse with Christians chiefly upon
those subjects on which all agree,
that the flame of Christian love
may be kindled by these cheering
truths, rather than damped by dis-
cussions on cold and minute topics.

In your intercourse with other
Missionaries, always remember that
it is a part of your office to give
every aid to the advancement of
our Lord’s kingdom. Not only
avoid all shyness and jealousy, but
love them as brethren, and as bre-
thren help them. Thankfully re-
ceive their kind assistance, and be
as willing to give as to receive.
Press upon them, and upon Chris-
tians generally, the claims of the
Jews. Recommend to them the
study of the Scriptures relative to
this subject. Endeavour to lead
them to benevolent exertions.
Where you can, distribute tracts,
circulate intelligence, and establish
associations. Especially endeavour
to engage the fervent prayers of
Christians for them. No one will
pray long for the Jews without
feeling an interest in their welfare.

When you are stationed where

OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

the pure religion of Christ does
not prevail, the wisest course will
be to exhibit the truth, without
attacking received opinions. Sap
prejudices rather than storm them.
Let the light shine, and darkness
will flee away.

The Committee proceed to offer,
thirdly, their instructions with re-
gard to your conduct towards the
Society.

In the first ages of the Church,
the Holy Ghost himself conde-
scended frequently to direct the
course of the Apostles. In the
absence of that full inspiration, the
Missionary of the present day will
consider that the will of God, with
reference to the places he should
visit, and the manner in which he
should proceed, is best made known
to him by the directions of the So-
ciety under which he acts. The
opportunities afforded to the Com-
mittee of obtaining information,
the correspondence flowing to them
from all quarters, both foreign and
domestic, the experience they have
acquired, the advantages they enjoy
of united consultation, the assist-
ance they may well hope to receive,
in answer to the constant inter-
cessions of many devout Christians,
as well as from their own united
prayers for Divine direction, make
it reasonable to consider that they
will form a more mature and accu-
rate judgment, upon these points,
than any individual Missionary can
be expected to do.

The devoted servant of the
Lord, therefore, will feel thankful
that he is relieved from the respon-
sibility of deciding his own course,
by the judgment of the Society
under which he acts. The Com-
mittee mention this, because they
wish solemnly to impress upon all
their Missionaries the duty of sub-
ordination to their directions.

Without this it is impossible for
the objects of the Institution to
proceed ; and it is in the full con-
fidence that these are your senti-
ments and intentions, that the Com-
mittee send you forth. They send
you as their brethren, servants of
the same Lord, and having the
same desires, they trust, which they
themselves have — the advancement
of his glory, and the salvation of
his people. They repose full con-
fidence in you, and they trust that
you will feel that confidence in
them. You will be the constant
objects of their prayers, as they
hope to be remembered in yours.
It is in this spirit that they wish
you to act, making known to them,
in the most unreserved manner,
your cares, your feelings, your sen-
timents, and your matured judg-
ment.

They woidd wish you to keep a
daily account of your proceedings.
In these Journals you will record,
not only the events and transactions
in which you are engaged, but the
feelings of your minds, and your
reflections upon the various objects
around you, and in the great work
upon which you are occupied, its
difficulties, and the means of its
advancement. These Journals are
to be considered as the property of
the Society, and are to be sent
home as opportunities occur. Be-
sides these Journals, the Committee
wish you to keep up a regular cor-
respondence with them, in which
you will give such extracts from
your Journals as will be interesting
to the friends of the Society, before
you may be enabled to transmit
the Journals themselves.

In your communications, they
requpst you to study candour and
conciseness of expression : not to
withhold any unpleasant truths,
nor to exaggerate appearances, but

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE MISSIONARIES, &C.

to State every thing as it really is ;
mentioning discouragements as well
as favourable events, that the Com-
mittee may be in possession of the
true state of circumstances around
you. In your correspondence, let
it be a general rule to avoid poli-
tical remarks. When it is neces-
sary to communicate public events
as connected with the objects of
the Society, or with the duties of
your mission, the Committee wish
you to abstain from all remarks on
those events, except such as are
necessary to make the events and
their effects intelligible. The
Committee request that you will
not fail to write to them at least
once a month, having your letters
ready to forward by the first op-
portunity which may occur.

The Committee would particu-
larly impress upon you, the impor-
tance of regularity in all money
matters. On no account contract
debts ; and avoid all kinds of bu-
siness transactions, except such as
shall be absolutely necessary for
conducting the Mission, or the
procuring articles for your own
support. Never think of trading
or engaging in any concern with a
view to profit. Your merchandize
is of a higher kind, it is to win
souls to your Lord and Saviour.
Study also economy, recollecting
the sources from whence the funds
of the Society flow, particularly how
large a portion of their income arises
from small weekly contributions.
Punctualit}q economy, and honour-
able principle in all pecuniary con-
cerns, are essential to the character
of a Missionary. To promote this,
the Committee wish you to keep
a clear and correct account of all
your money transactions according
to a plan with which yon will be
furnished by the Secretaries. This
you will transmit regularly at the

end of every quarter. In making
out this account it is to be clearly
understood, that the salary fixed
for the Missionaries is intended to
cover all expences of a personal
nature, both of maintenance and
clothing, and this whether you are
stationary or travelling. The ex-
pences to be included under the
head of travelling charges will
therefore comprise only such as
consist of the purchase or hire of
horses or carriages, transport of
packages, luggage, &c. If, how-
ever, under any peculiar circum-
stances your expences should be
more than usually large, and such
as your salary will not enable you
to pay, you will be at liberty to
make a charge in the account for
this extra expence, subject to the
approval of the Committee. Such
extra expences as are incurred for
the direct objects of the Mission,
you will be entitled to state in this
account, but the Committee again
repeat their desire that these ex-
pences may be regulated by pru-
dence and economy.

The Committee wish you to
bear in mind, that the character of
the Society is in some measure in-
volved in the spirit and conduct of
its Missionaries, and that set upon
an eminence, as you are by your
office, you cannot be hid. Like
Daniel, then, let no fault be found
with you, except it be regarding
the law of your God.

These are the principal Instruc-
tions the Committee desire to give
you. They might have entered
more into detail, but they consider
that what has been said will enable
you to understand their wishes,
and may be generally serviceable.

They beg you to be particularly
careful of your health ; they would
recommend attention to your diet,
to habits of early rising, and to

LETTER FROM RABBI OROOLL TO ELOA.

whatever may promote vigour of
mind and body.

They now commend you, be-
loved brethren, “ to God, and to the
word of his grace, which is able
to build you up, and to give you
an inheritance among them that are
sanctified.” They beseech you to
“ endure hardness as good soldiers
of Jesus Christ.” To be “instant
in season and out of season in
all things approving yourselves as
ministers of God ; “ by pureness,
by knowledge, by long-sulFering,
by kindness, by the Holy Ghost,
by love unfeigned — remember-
ing “ that the servants of the Lord
must not strive, but be gentle unto
all men, apt to teach, in meekness
instructing those that oppose them-
selves, if God peradventure will
give them repentance to the ac-
knowledging of the truth ;” — re-
membering also for your encou-
ragement, that the Lord Jesus has
said, “ Be thou faithful unto death,
and I will give thee a Crown of
Life.” — And again, “ All power
in heaven and earth is given unto
me, and, lo, I am with you always,
even unto the end of the world.”
— “ Faithful is he who calleth you,
who also will do it.” Amen.”

LETTER OF RABBI CROOLL TO ELOA.

Sir,

Your paper in the Expositor of
December, I have read, and I would
take the liberty of making some
observations on a few particular
points.

Eloa. — Page 446, “You speak
of Elias being the forerunner of the
Messiah, and say well, but contend
that John not being the literal Elias,
raised from the dead or born again,
could not be that prophet ; and
you quote his denial of that name.
To this I say, John came in the
spirit and power of Elias.”

VOL. X.

Crooll. — I say again, that John
could not be Elias, for Elias, as the
forerunner of the Messiah, is to
come to bring the tidings of Israel
being delivered from their long
captivity ; that tidings are not to
be brought to one or two tribes
only, but to all the twelve tribes,
and the Messiah, also must come
to all the twelve tribes ; but we
find at the coming of John and
your Messiah, that there were only
two tribes in the whole land of
Israel ; therefore, John could not
be the forerunner of the Messiah,
nor could the latter be the Messiah.

Eloa. — “And he preached the
words which Isaiah prophesied :
after the one who came in his
(Elias) spirit, had sealed his testi-
mony by death, &c. For when
Jesus took three witnesses to ren-
der his testimony valid, &c.”

Crooll. — Isaiah preached and
prophesied, “ The voice of one
crying in the wilderness,” I suppose
that is what you mean ; and if so,
you are surely not correct, for I
am not used to lay hold on one
verse out of the middle of a pre-
diction. I commence from the
beginning. Let me beg of you
to take the first eleven verses into
consideration ; you will find that it
is a prediction of the restoration of
Israel. Out of the whole I will
mention only a few points. Verse 1,
“ Comfort ye, comfort ye my peo-
ple, saith your God.” No nation
is in want of being comforted, be-
cause each of them is happy. But
Israel, even the house of Israel,
who is scattered among all nations,
have no king, no country. They
are disgraced among all nations;
they, even they, stand in need of
being comforted.

Verse 2. “ Speak ye comfort-
ably to Jerusalem, and cry unto
her, that her appointed time to be
N

I.KTTER FROM IMMBI CROOLL TO ELOA.

in captivity is accomplished ; that
her iniquity is pardoned ; for she
hath received of the Lord’s hand
double for all her sins.” Verse 3.
“ The voice of him that cried.”
Verse 4, “ Every valley shall be
exalted,” &c.

Not one of these points vrere
fulfilled in the time of John. Mark,
their iniquities were not forgiven ;
they remained in captivity. All
these things must prove, that John
was not the appointed messenger
for that great work ; that Elijah
should seal up his testimony, &c.
Not a word is mentioned in Ma-
lachi that Elijah should be slain ;
nor is it mentioned that he shall
be in want of any testimony. Elias
will be well known when he shall
come. He shall have no need of
any witness ; nor will he be killed.
Nor shall the Messiah have any
need of three witnesses ; for when
the Messiah shall come, he will be
known in all the world without any
witness.

Eloa. — “ And who thus re-
moved all doubts as to the divinity
and mission of Jesus Christ, and
thus pointed out that the law of
Moses was to cease on the coming
of the Messiah, giving place to his
new covenant of grace.”

Crooll. — The law of Moses was
established for ever, before the
coming of the Messiah, and after
his coming, the same. “ For the
word of God shall stand up for
ever.” Isaiah xl. 8.

I shall call your attention to
another passage. Consider then,
whether the law of Moses was ever
to cease. “ O that there were
such an heart in them that they
would fear me, and keep all my
commandments always, that it
might be well with them, and with
their children for ever.” Deut.

V. 29.

It appears by this prediction,
that if Israel would have been al-
ways observing the law of Moses,
they would never have been scat-
tered, but w'ould have remained in
their own land until this day, nay,
for ever. Mark, now, the sentence
for ever. Mark another sentence,
“ And keep all my commandments.”
This means the whole law of Mo-
ses; but when Israel did not ob-
serve all the commandments, their
God scattered them, but the law' re-
mained in its full power. For the
law is given for an inheritance to
Israel ; and so it is written, “ Mo-
ses commanded us a law', even the
inheritance of the congregation of
Jacob.” Deut. xxxiii. 4.

My worthy Sir, the land of Is-
rael was given to the nation on
condition. See Psalm cv. 44, 45 ;
and many more proofs may be ad-
duced to that effect ; but the inhe-
ritance of the law without condi-
tion, whether they be bad or good ;
whether they are in this land or in
that land, the law remains their in-
heritance.

O how great is the wisdom of
God! how wonderful are his do-
ings 1 Every thing is revealed
unto him. He knew beforehand
that Israel should be scattered
among all nations ; that they would
be taken to task in saying that the
law' of Moses is abolished, and ano-
ther law given instead of it, and
that the Messiah is already come.
Therefore God was pleased to re-
veal to Ezekiel the last eight chap-
ters, in which is described the re-
storation of Israel, the Messiali,
the priesthood, the division of the
land to the twelve tribes, and to the
strangers that became Jews, that is,
before the restoration ; the build-
ing of the third temple, the return
of the divine presence into that tem-
ple, and the great glory of Israel

LETTER FROM» RABBI CaOOLL TO ELOA.

at last ; the observing of the law,
and the restoration of the sacri-
fices.

Qtcestion. — Is it in your power
to contradict this great prediction ?
If you can, give me account of
every particular point, and let us
see it ; but you and I know that
it is impossible for you or for any
other of your friends to perform it.

Eloa. — “ The testimony of nine
rabbins, &c., and I beg to refer
you to their writings. They
are, &c.”

Crooll. — Before I give you an
answer to this question, I would
desire of you to let me know whe-
ther you acknowledge the authority
of the rabbinical writings or not. If
not, why do you quote them ? and
in particular, when I observed that
in many of the publications of your
Society, they make a ridicule of
them. They call all the rabbini-
cal books, fabulous books. It is
surprising, therefore, to see you
step forth with nine rabbins in
your hand, for your defence. On
the other hand if you acknowledge
their authority, then I also may
quote some of them ; but, at pre-
sent, I shall bring forward only one
single rabbi.

Beresith Rahboh. — “ And of

Dan he said, “ Dan is a lion’s
whelp.” Deut. xxxiii. 22. Con-
cerning this passage. Rabbi Homo,
tlic son of Haninoth, says, “Judah
is called by Jacob a lion’s whelp,
and Dan is called by Moses a lion’s
whelp ; the reason of both being
called by this name is, because the
Messiah is to come out of these
two tribes. The father of the
Messiah is to be of Judah, the mo-
ther of the Messiah ^is to be of
Dan.”

Do you believe the words of this
rabbi ? if you do, then the Chris-
tians never yet had any Messiah,

therefore I would advise you not
to meddle with the rabbins any
more, for I assure you that all of
them will fail to assist you. •
Another thing I have to put you
in mind of. How surprising and
astonishing it is, to see you quot-
ing nine rabbins, of whose writings
you are ignorant. Excuse me, my
worthy Sir, in telling you this. I
imagine somebody else told you
the story of these rabbins; but
whoever it was, he knew nothing
of rabbinical books. To prove
this, I shall quote one only out of
the nine, which is R. Kimchi on
Jeremiah xxxi. 31. This passage
the Christians lay hold of, saying,
that this covenant means the New
Testament. The answer is, “ That
I will put my law in their heart,”
&c. Behold now, that there never
will be a new law, except that law
which is given on Mount Sinai ;
and all the rest of your rabbins are
of one opinion. You have mistaken
the whole; every one of all the
nine are against your doctrine.

Eloa. “ You have admitted that
the Messiah was to be the Saviour
of the world, &c. ; therefore he can
forgive sins, &c. In admitting the
divinity of the Messiah, much is
gained, &c.”

Crooll. — It is true I admitted
the Messiah to be a Saviour, but
not of the sort you imagine. We
find saviours in the Old Testa-
ment. “ And the Lord gave them
a saviour,” 2 Kings xiii. 5 ; and
many more we expect to come.

“ And saviours shall come upon
mount Zion to judge the mount
of Esau;” (Obadiah, last verse.)
These saviours are only men to
save the people in temporal affairs,
but no further ; and such a one I
meant. But as concerning the for-
giveness of sins, it will never be in
the power even of an angel, nor of

92 REMARKS ON THE SECOND AND SEVENTH CHAPTERS OF DANIEL.

any mortal man ; neither in the
power of tlie Messiah, but only
God ; he alone is able to forgive
sin ; for so it is recorded, “ But
there is forgiveness with thee, that
thou mayest be feared,” Ps. cxxx. 4.

“ In admitting the divinity,” &c.,

I say, perhaps you may gain much
by it ; but we Jews do not acknow-
ledge this point ; we believe the
Messiah to be no more than any
other man.

I hope that you will consider
this paper ; and if you wish to un-
derstand well the rabbinical books,
come to me if you please ; and
then I will teach you in a manner
that afterwards you will make no
mistake. I do not know what to
call it, when you go into the dark
to seek for light.

My dear Sir, I wish you well ;
and as a friend to all men, I wish
the whole world might become
happy in the day of the Lord.

Your most obedient servant,
Crooll.

Cambridge, Dec. 30, 5585.

REMARKS ON THE SECOND AND SE-
VENTH CHAPTERS OF DANIEL, IN

ILLUSTRATION OF THE PERIODS

MENTIONED IN CHAP. XII. 7.

To the Editors of the Jewish Expositor,
Gentlemen,

That the kingdom of iron and
clay in union, described in the se-
cond chapter of Daniel, (ver. 33,
41 — 43,) is one and the same,
both with that of the little horn in
union with the ten kings, (ch. vii.
8, 20, 21, 24, 25,) and with that of
the lawless king, (ch. xi. 36—39,
xii. 7,) is generally admitted ; and
all that is here intended, is to illus-
trate these visions by comparing
tliem with each other.

The kingdom of iron and clay
is tlius described in chap. ii. 33 :

“ His legs of iron, and his feet
(and toes also, ver. 41,) part of
iron, and part of clay, (the element
of man and of mortality, with
which the spiritual power unites,
ver. 43. Compare ch. xi. 30, 31,
in the Hebrew.) In ver. 34, we
read, “ Thou sawest (the united
kingdom of iron and clay possessing
the dominion, ver. 33,) till that a
stone was cut out without hands,
(till the God of heaven set up a
kingdom, ver. 43, 44,) which smote
the image upon his feet (and toes,
ver. 1,) that were of iron and clay,
and brake them to pieces. Then
was the iron, the clay, the silver,
and the gold, broken to pieces to-
gether, (each of these, consequently,
having preserved its existence and
place unto the final and utter de-
struction of all together, and there-
fore not to be confounded in place ;
as sometimes the iron is supposed
to occupy the territory of the brass,
chap. vii. 12.) — And the stone that
smote the image became a great
mountain, and filled the whole
earth, (an interval consequently in-
tervening between the cutting out
of the stone, and the final destruc-
tion of the metals, when the stone
becomes a great mountain, and
fills all the earth, ver. 34, 35 :
compare Exod. xxxii. 7 — 20, with
Matt. V. 1, and vii. 24 — 29, with
2 Tim. ii. 19—21.)

The inferences are, 1. That the
duration of the kingdom of iron
and clay is reputed to be until the
stone is cut out. 2. That the
stone is cut out, and its dominion
begins neither before nor after that
the duration of the dominion of
the iron and clay is reputed to be
ended. 3. That the epoch of the
universal kingdom of the mountain
commences when all the metals are
finally and utterly destroyed by the
stone. In ch. vii. 8 — 14, we have

REMARKS ON THE SECOND AND SEVENTH CHAPTERS OF DANIEL. 98

the same series of events foretold.^
In ver. 9, the prophet beholds, as
before, (chap. ii. S3, 34,) the little
horn and his ten kings in dominion
till the thrones were placed, (Win-
tie,) and the Ancient of Days did
sit; from which point of time,
manifestly corresponding to the
cutting out of the stone, he beheld
(the judgment sitting) till the beast
was slain, (ver. 11,) and with him
the other beasts, (preserved till
then in existence, but not in domi-
nion, ver. 12, compared with chap,
ii. 45.) In ver. 21, 22, the little
horn makes war with the saints,
and overcomes them, until the same
sitting of the Ancient of Days ;
and in ver. 25, the saints, the times,
and the laws, are given into his
hand for three times and a half, at
the end of which time precisely,
the judgment sits to take away his
dominion unto the end.

Now if it be admitted that his
making war with tlie saints, and
overcoming them, be one and the
same thing with the saints being
delivered into his hand, it neces-
sarily follows, that the duration of
the horn’s prevalence, according to
both statements, is one and the
same. But this duration, according
to the latter, (ver. 25,) is three
times and a half, and according to
the former, (ver. 21, 22,) until the
Ancient of days comes, and judg-
ment is given to the saints of the
Most High, and the time comes
that the saints possess the kingdom.
By times and laws we may under-
stand these three and a half times
of his dominion, and the legislative
execution of royal authority ; and
these also are given to the little
horn, only for the same period, viz.
that during which he prevails in
war over die saints. At the end of
the three times and a half precisely,
the time comes that the saints pos-

sess the kingdom. But after this'
sitting of the judgment, (ver. 10,)
and by consequence, after the expi-
ration of the three times and a
half, and after the times and laws
are taken away from the little horn,
St. John beholds the judgment sit-
ting, even till the beast was slain,
when, and not before, the Son of
Man comes in the clouds of heaven,
and receives an universal dominion.
This is the end spoken of in verses
26 and 28, the end of time, and
the beginning of eternity. Comp.
2 Thess. ii. 8.

We necessarily infer from the
foregoing statements, 1. That the
three and a half times do not
relate to the existence of the little
horn, nor to the time of his being
consumed, but to the duration of
his jyrexialence in war over the
saints ; and though he may surviv^e
that prevalence lost, nevertheless
whenever the saints acquire a per-
manent kingdom, and that kingdom
is an overmatch for him, the domi-
nion is reputed as being thence-
forwards theirs, and not his. 2.
The duration of the prevalence of
the kingdom of the saints over the
last of the four monarchies, is from
the commencement of the judg-
ment, until the end of the beast’s
existence on earth, when the Son
of Man cometh. 3. The epoch of
the universal kingdom of the Son
of Man is the time when he cometh
in the clouds of heaven, from which
crisis he shall reign for ever and
for ever.

Thus, corresponding inferences
are drawn from both visions ; and
we may proceed to consider what
light these inferences cast upon the
Last vision of Daniel, with a view
to which I was influenced to con-
sider these chapters with particular
attention. A moment’s consider-
ation will convince any one, who

MOSES wall’s considerations.

has no hypothesis to prejudice him,
that the lawless king (chap. xi.
36 — 39,) is one and the same with
the little horn of chap. vii. We
infer then, first, from chap. vii. H5,
compared with chap. xi. 7, that
chap. xi. 7, signifies by three times
and a half, the duration, not of the
life, but of the prevalence of the
lawless king, in war with the saints.
We infer, secondly, that there is an
interval of time from the end of
the three times and a half, until
the last end of the lawless king,
during which interval the saints are
delivered, and the lawless king is
being consumed ; which interval
may perhaps be the 75 days by
which the 1335 days exceed three
times and a half, or 1260 days.
(Comp. Rev. xii. 6, 14.)

See Mede’s works, p. 542 ; Dr.
H. More’s works, 1708, p. 643;
Sir I. Newton on Daniel, p. 114,
and Whiston’s Essay on the Reve-
lations, p. 92, 1744, in confirm-
ation of the above.

Textuarius.

MOSES wall’s considerations.

To the Editors of the Jewish Expositor,
Gentlemen,

I DARE say I am not singular in
having been so unfortunate as to
meet with sincere Christians, who
are inclined to consider all at-
tempts to promote Christianity
among the Jews, and all arguments
for them, as somewhat new and
peculiar to the present day.

I consider myself, I say, unfor-
tunate, when I meet with such per-
sons ; because a doctrine that comes
before them witli the character of
being “ newfangled,” stands a worse
chance than if it were absolutely
branded as heresy : not that they
would more willingly embrace what
is heretical thah what is new ; but

that in one case they would hear
and argue, but in the other they
will not.

On such occasions I am glad to
bring forward the arguments of
any old writer of credit, rather
than those of any living advocate ;
and I think that the republication
of such matters from time to time
in your miscellany would be useful.
With this view, I send you some
extracts from Moses Wall’s “ Con-
siderations upon the point of the
Conversion of the Jewes,” which
give, I think, a simple, concise, and
scriptural view of the subject. I
do not know when the work was
first published, but my copy is of
the second edition, printed in 1651.

After some preliminary obser-
vations, the author proceeds thus :

“ Now we ought much to mind
their conversion, exercising there-
upon, our faith, our prayers, and
also our enquiries, and that for
these following reasons :

First, They have the same human
nature with us : from this ground
we should wish well to all men,
whether Jew or Gentile, which is
the precept of the Apostle in 2 Pet.
i. 7, “ To add love to brotherly
kindness that is, not only to love
saints, but to love men, (though
saints with a choice and peculiar
love). Yea, it is God’s own prac-
tice, in Matt. v. 45. There is a
philanthropyin God, (as Paul saith
to Titus,) a love to mankind. He
bears another manner of love to
men than to horses ; so ought we
to do, and even upon this general
account to love the Jewish nation.

Secondly, Because of their ex-
traction : their root is holy, though
now the branches be degenerate
and wild; so in Rom. xi. 16, 17.
Some good turns are due to the
bad children of good parents for
the parents’ sake; and this Paul

MOSES wall’s considerations.

'95

expressly urges in Rom. xi. 28,

“ That they are beloved for the
fathers’ sakes yea, the chief root
or head of their nation, Abraham
is, mystically, our substituted fa-
ther, as in Gal. iv. last. “ If ye
be Christ’s, then are ye Abraham’s
seed and heires according to the
promise.” The Jews are children,
and heires of the flesh of Abraham,
but we of his faith ; they by the
bond-woman but we by the free ;
but notwithstanding Abraham is
our common father, and therefore
we should love as brethren.

Thirdly, Because God’s cove-
nant with the Jews is not nulled or
broken, but only suspended. It is
with them as it was with Nebu-
chadnezzar’s tree ; the leaves, fruit,
and boughs were all scattered and
broken, yet there was a chain of
brass upon the root, to reserve tliat
for future hopes ; so though all
true fruitfulness, beauty, and symp-
toms of life are long since gone,
yet there is a root, a seed, which
shall bring forth in God’s time;
and this seems a main scope of
Paul in Rom. xi. To this purpose
may that be alleged of Matt. xxiv.
22, Except those days should be
shortened, no flesh should be saved,
but for the elect’s sake those days
shall be shortened ; that is, so great
shall the slaughter of the Jews be
at the destruction of Jerusalem,
that if those destroying days should
last a little longer, their whole na-
tion would fail and be cut off, which
shall not be, because God hath
elect ones to be born of that peo-
ple in future times. Hence you
see, that in their lowest ebb, that
is, in the midst of their greatest
guilt and sorest punishments, God
hath still an eye upon a number of
elect ones in that nation; and
God’s covenant with Israel is surer
than the laws of nature, (which we

know remain inviolable to the
world’s end;) and He saith, that
must come to pass before he will
cast oflf all the seed of Israel, for all
that they have done : yea, in Isa.
liv. 9, 10, God confirms it to Israel,
not only by the firmness of the laws
of nature, but also by an oath ;
now what God ratifies by an oath,
is his absolute and positive will ;
that which makes the conclusion
immutable, as in Heb. vi. 18.
And in this case, God is ever too
strong for all hardness of heart,
disobedience, unbelief, and all im-
pediments that can be. See also
that full place, Levit. xxvi. 42, 44,
45 ; for I believe that place pro-
phetical of times and things not
yet fulfilled.

Fourthly, — We, Gentiles, were
gainers by their casting away ;
the whirlwind of God’s wrath
which cast them down, brought us
much profit, even salvation itself.
Rom. xi. 12. The fall of them
becomes the riches of the world,
verse 15. The casting away of
them is the reconciling of the
world; implying, that we Gen-
tiles were poor and miserable, till
made rich and happy by the Jews’
spoils, who by this means are as
wretched as we formerly had been ;
which consideration must needs
move an ingenuous spirit, to pity
those so undone. Our Lord saith
to a Gentile, in Mark vii. 27.
“ Let the children first be filled,
for it is not meet to take the chil-
dren’s bread and cast it to the
dogs.” They were children and
we were dogs ; and we dogs have
got the children’s meat before they
were full, which as it should make
us not to be high-minded, so also
to pity them, whose bread being
taken away, and given to us, are
brought to a starving condition.

Fifthly, We shall be gainers by

MOSES wall’s considerations.

tlieir receiving again. It should
be motive sufficient to us, that
God shall be gainer by it, and that
not only by the accession of a
whole nation to him, and also of
that nation, which is as the lost
sheep, the finding of which is a
matter of great joy, Luke xv. ; but
also because as it is said in Psalm
cii. 16, “When the Lord shall
build up Zion, he shall appear in
his glory.” Now glory is a mani-
festation of excellency, and at that
time God’s excellency shall shine
forth, which is now much hid and
veiled ; the excellency of his mercy,
of his truth and faithfulness, to
remember an ancient covenant
made about four thousand years
since, and his friend Abraham
and the patriarchs, all which have
seemed to be asleep for many ge-
nerations together. So also in
Isaiah, chap. xii. compared with
chap. ii. But not only God (which
might have been a distinct reason)
but we also shall receive great ad-
vantages thereby, for then there
shall be not only an enlargement
of good to us Gentiles, as a con-
comitant and synchronism with the
Jews’ conversion (the mistake about
which hath, and doth cause black
thoughts in some) as in Revelations
vii. 9, after the sealing of the hun-
dred and forty and four thousand,
(wliich relates to the time of the
forty-two months) a great multi-
tude and innumerable, of all na-
tions, kindreds, tongues, and people,
stood before the Lamb, and were
clothed with white robes. Now
these numbers of all Gentile na-
tions are to be cemverted at that
time, when the Jews are to be
brought home ; for it is to be at
the sounding of the seventh trum-
pet. But beside, the Jews’ con-
version shall in some sort be the
cause of it, else what means the

Apostle in Rom. xi. 1 2. “ How

much more shall their fulness be
the riches of the Gentiles ?” and in
verse 15, “What shall die receiv-
ing of the Jews be, but life from
the dead?” The Apostle height-
ens the expression of the benefit
by their r-eceiving, to a higher de-
gree than what we got by their
fall. It is observable, that the
gospel did, in some sense, first go
out of Sion, for the spirit who ena-
bled the disciples to preach and
propagate it, was there given ; and
Micah, speaking of the times yet
looked for, saith, in Mic. iv. 2,
“ The law shall go forth out of
Sion, and the word of the Lord out
of Jerusalem that is, the fulness
of the Spirit, and the knowledge of
Christ, shall stream through the
Jews to the Gentiles ; so, that as it
was in the first giving of the Holy
Spirit, he was first given to the
Jews, then to the Gentiles; yea,
by the Jews to the Gentiles ; so
shall it be in the last days, fulfilling
what Paul saith in Rom. ii. “ To
the Jew first, and also to the Gen-
tiles.” When God shall be recon-
ciled to Israel, their condition will
be greatly changed ; for they who
are now actually the most accursed
people, then as in Mic. v. 7, “ The
remnant of Jacob shall be in the
midst of many people as dew from
the Lord ; as the showers upon the
grass, that tarry not for man, nor
wait for the sons of men.” Dew
and showers in those hot countries,
are heavenly bounty, a cornucopia
of all good things ; such shall the
Jews be to the places where they
shall be, when they shall own the
Lord Jesus.

Sixthly, They were God’s first
wife (as I may say) for a consider-
able time ; they were a faithful
people, and many of them have
been martyres for God. And

MOSES wall’s considerations.

these things God will think on,
though we may slight them.

They were God’s first wife.
Did God ever essay to take any
nation before them, to be his ov.'n
people? Yea, did he take any be-
side them, for two thousand years
together? In Isa. liv. 6, “ I have
called thee as a woman forsaken,
and grieved in spirit, and a wife of
youth, when thou wast refused,
saith the Lord;” and what follows,
verse 7, “ For a small moment
have I forsaken thee, but with great
mercies will I gather thee.” And
in verse 8, “ With everlasting
kindness will I have mercy upon
thee.” We see God forgets not,
though men may and do.

TAcy were a faithful people.
As great was their unfaithfulness,
so there were times when great
was their faithfulness. In Jer. ii. 2,
“ I remember thee, the kindness
of thy youth, the love of thine es-
pousals, when thou wentest after
me in the wilderness, in a land that
was not sown.” It was something
to follow God in suth a country
forty years ; and for so long a
time to expose themselves, wives
and children daily, to almost all
sorts of deaths ; and you see, God
remembers it in after times ; and
if he did in Jeremiah’s times, when
those who in person had been so
faithful, had been long dead, and
that race of the Jews then were so
provoking and corrupt, why not
also now, in this present succeeding
generation of them ?

They were martyrs for God.
To prove this, read the history of
the Maccabees, and if we like not so
far to own what is apocryphal, turn
to Heb. xi., which is a book of the

Jewish martyrs, a catalogue of
them that suffered Vinder Anti-
ochus, and those Syrian tyrants.
And they were not few that suffer-
ed, but many ; nor light punish-
ments, but unspeakable torments.
Now God takes it so kindly, that
we give up our lives to torments
and to death for his name, that
commonly he owes that person a
good turn in his posterity. And
if upon these accounts God hath
an eye upon them, we also should
be like minded and love them too.

Seventhly, It is a duty which
we owe to God’s command ; for so
I take that in the literal sense, in
Isa. Ixii. 6, 7. “ Ye that make

mention of the Lord, keep not si-
lence and give him no rest, till he
establish, and till he make Jerusa-
lem a praise in the earth.” This
duty the prophet himself performed
in verse 1. “ For Zion’s sake I will
not hold my peace, and for Jerusa-
lem’s sake I will not rest, till the
righteousness thereof go forth as
brightness,” &c. ; and also the
church in her affliction, Psalm
cxxxvii. 5, 6. And now that Sion
is in the dust, if we that believe
among the Gentiles, did pity her,
and compassionate her in her ruins,
it were an argument that God is
about to arise and have mercy upon
her, as may be urged from Psalm
cii. 13, 14.

Lastly, They minded our con-
version to God. This appears in
the writings of almost all their
prophets, especially in the Psalms,
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Hosea, Malachi.
Now then, for us to love the na-
tion, and in what we may help for-
ward their return, what is it but
an honest and just retaliation ?”

VOL. X.

rUOCEEDlNGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

PALESTINE.

COMMUNICATIONS FROM REV. W, B.

LEWIS.

In our number for February,
(at p. 70,) we noticed the commu-
nication from Dr. Dalton, relative
to the Turkish and Roman Catho-
lic prohibitions against the circula-
tion of the Scriptures, or the preach-
ing of missionaries in Syria.

We now lay before our readers
some interesting documents upon
this subject, which were sent by
Mr. Lewis with his Letter, (dated
Aleppo, Oct. 1st, 1824,) some
extracts from which we subjoin.
They will satisfactorily explain the
reasons which induced him to sur-
render the college of Antoura,
originally taken by Mr. Way, and
afterwards occupied, by agreement
wnth the Maronite bishop of Mount
Lebanon, as a residence for our
missionaries, and those of the Ame-
rican board. They will also exhi-
bit an affecting view of the degra-
dation of the Greek and Roman
Catholic churches, and the vexa-
tious oppressions of Jews and
Christians by the Turkish govern-
ment in Syria. The documents
(with the exception of the Turkish
firman) were sent to us in an Ita-
lian translation, which being very
ungrammatical and confused, we
have had some difficulty in render-
ing into English. They consist, 1st,
of two letters received from Rome
by bishop Luigi Gandolfi, the
Pope’s representative on Mount Le-
banon, and by bishop Hannah Ma-
rone, vicar patriarchal of the same.
2. The Maronite patriarch’s Ana-
thema, prohibiting the sacred Scrip-
tures. 3. Bishop Marone’s decla-
ration respecting the college of

Antoura. And, 4. The substance
of the Turkish firman.

The following extracts from
Mr. Lewis’s letter, will be read
with interest, and will elucidate
the documents referred to.

In a short letter addressed to you be-
fore I left Beyrout, I alluded to the
troubles which I have had to undergo
with regard to the house at Antoura,
and I mentioned also the late arrival
of the Grand Signor’s firman, prohibit-
ing the future introduction of the sa-
cred Scriptures, and commanding the
destruction of those already in the
country. I had determined on the
propriety of engaging the college on
behalf of the Society, for one year, and
consequently, when the 24th of last
June arrived, I paid the rent of the
place for this year in advance, accord-
ing to the terms of the contract drawn
up before Mr. Way’s departure. Soon
after this, the Maronite patriarch en-
tered into violent measures, in order
to oblige me to surrender the premises.
Unable to make any direct or legal at-
tack, he applied to the Emir Beshkir,
chief ruler of the mountains, accusing
bishop Hannah Marone of having let
the college without his consent, and
without any authority. He was even
bold enough to state that the bishop
had made a second contract in favour
of the English, though letters had al-
ready arrived from Rome, ordering
these same people to be wholly dis-
countenanced ; and I was informed
that he represented the English as men
who were disturbing the public tran-
quillity, and creating universal dissa-
tisfaction on the mountains. Tlie
prince, more willing to oblige his
friend the patriarch, than to act the
part of an upright ruler, instead of in-
stituting an inquiry respecting this un-
pleasant affair, instantly dispatched
some horse soldiers to torment the
bishop, and with an order commanding
him to obtain the contract, and to have
the house given up to the patriarch.
This hasty step the prince adopted
without first communicating, as he

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

ouglit to have done, witli the British
consul.

Bishop Marone, on the arrival of the
soldiers, set out for the prince’s palace
■with the hopes of getting himself deli-
vered from the troubles which threat-
ened him, by giving a true account of
the whole affair respecting the college,
but the prince would not see him. He
was told he was out of favour, and he
was referred to the patriarch. He
next repaired to the residence of the
patriarch; but this man only scoffed
at him and kept him in misery, though
his own bishop and procurator. The
patriarch said, amongst many un-
founded accusations, (and nothing
would persuade him to the contrary,)
that the English had already paid Ma-
rone 15,000 piastres to co-operate with
them in subverting the Maronite na-
tion. The persecuted bishop sought
in various quarters, directly and indi-
rectly, for redress, for justice, or
mercy, but all in vain ; and even bi-
shop Gandolfi, the Pope’s representa-
tive on the mountains, could not, or
would not, afford him any assistance,
although he was the first to in-
duce Mr. Way to take the house,
and he always seemed to be civil and
kind to us all. More and more sol-
diers were dispatched to worry Ma-
rone, and as is usual in such cases, he
was obliged to pay the expences of
the whole set, during the time they
were with him, as well as to bribe
some of them for quietness’ sake. Two
months had nearly elapsed since the
sufferings of the bishop commenced,
and he had nothing to expect but ruin
from the patriarch and the Emir Be-
shkir. He turned to me in tears and
with many supplications, praying me
to surrender our right, and deliver him
from the persecution and misery which
he was scarcely able any longer to en-
dure. It should be mentioned that
Mr. Abbott the consul, had made an
early but ineffectual representation to
the prince with regard to the taking of
the college, and of the conduct of the
patriarch ; and in consequence of the
prince’s determination to side with the
patriarch, and not to render justice to
us or the distressed bishop, we were
both at first of opinion, that it was our
duty to apply to the ambassador at

Constantinople, for redress. However,
it would have required a very long
time before any satisfactory answer
could be obtained, and I could not in
the interim see the bishop ruined ; so I
consented, for his sake, to give up the
contract, which I handed to him, and
I promised to quit the college altoge-
ther, on or before the 24th of June,
next. In a few days afterwards, he
was relieved from the soldiers, and he
sat down to write the history of the
whole business in the form of a decla-
ration, which he signed and sealed,
and gave me in order to shew it where-
ever I thought proper, as a paper which
might serve on the mountains to justify
his own conduct, and by a mani-
festation of the plain truth to put our
character in an honourable point of
view. I obtained from him also his
own translation of the same into Ita-
lian. A copy of this I forward to you ;
and I mean to send to Rome a copy
of the original Arabic, and to cir-
culate the manifesto on Mount Leba-
non and elsewhere, as I may think
advisable.

After some remarks respecting
the consequences wliich may result
from the Sultan’s firman at Jerusa-
lem, Mr. Lewis proceeds :

I fear we shall hear that many de-
fenceless Jews, as well as Christians,
have been the sufferers; we have re-
ceived no account, as yet ; but when
the arrest of Messrs. Fisk and Bird
took place in the holy city, men were
instantly ordered to repair to the house
of Rabbi Mendel, and to seal the Me-
dras or library belonging to the Ashke-
nazim Jews, under pretence that there
were English books in the room ; and I
was informed the Jews were obliged to
pay some money as bojcshish, (a pre-
sent) on the opening of the door the next
day or two afterwards. I need scarcely
here remark how much these proceed-
ings, as well as the general opposition
of the common enemy, must tend to
injure our cause amongst the Jewish
people. I am sure you will unite with
me in fervent wishes that they may
soon be put an end to, and that the
pernicious consequences resulting from
the firman, may effectually be counter-
acted. But in order to this, a second

100

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

decree must come forth from the sub-
lime Porte, granting to the subjects of
Great Britain, and of other European
or Christian governments, the permis-
sion to furnish as heretofore, not only
the various Christians in the Ottoman
dominions, but the Jews likewise, (at
least those belonging to foreign nations,
inhabiting these countries) with the
books of the sacred Scriptures.

The present prohibitory firman, if
left to take its course, like many other
proclamations issued by the Grand
Signor, would soon, perhaps, be for-
gotten; but it is much to be feared,
that the same unfair means which
could obtain a royal decree prohibiting
the introduction of Bible-books into
these countries, may be able also at
some future day to procure from the
Porte another firman, prohibiting the
residence and travelling of Bible-men
in the Ottoman empire. Here the
matter most surely is to be regarded in
a very serious point of view. And
must the ground indeed be quitted and
left as the undisputed lasting possess-
ion of our enemies? Rather let us
trust, that British influence will
obtain for us the same privileges at
least, which are enjoyed by the sub-
jects of other foreign nations. Euro-
pean bishops, monks, monasteries, &c.
have long been established in the
Turkish dominions; and for two cen-
turies the Porte has given every facility
imaginable, to the means by which
Roman Catholics have become the spi-
ritual masters of 100,000 of its sub-
jects.

I proceed to notice the Bulls which
have arrived of late in these countries,
as well as the letters from Rome ad-
dressed to the Maronite patriarch, and
to the bishops Luigi (5andolfi and
Hanah Marone. The Pope’s anathemas
have been read at Constantinople, and
here at Aleppo, (and I suppose where-
ever there are Roman Catholic congre-
gations in Syria, &c.) authoritatively
cautioning the people against the sacred
scriptures ; and three letters were writ-
ten from the Propaganda to the persons
I have just mentioned. They are very
important documents. I have already
sent you the copy of the one written
to the patriarch, in which he was stir-
red up to exercise his first duties in

removing afar off theterrible evil which
the undertaking of the Bible-men was
likely to bring upon the whole Maro-
nite nation. I now forward to you the
other two letters ; one of them is the
very original in which we are described
as Bandituri dell’errore e della corruz-
ione; and in which it is declared that
we ought not to be allowed to have an
asylum on mount Lebanon. The other
was copied and sent to me by the
bishop himself, to whom it was directed,
in which you will see that he was like-
wise desired to co-operate in every way
possible (“in tuttc le niankre possibili”)
to put down the Bible-men.

After a delay of many months, I ob-
tained the Maronite patriarch’s ana-
thema, in which no mercy is held out
to Bible-men, and little hope of abso-
lution promised to any of the Maronite
nation keeping a Bible, or daring to
borrow one, or to read it. All de-
scriptions of Bible-books are therein
prohibited, whether they be correct or
corrupt, even the very identical copies
of the Roman edition. In sliort, the
people who possessed any books are
ordered to burn them, or to send them
to Kanoobin, the residence of the pa^
triarch, and the great house of destruc-
tion. The patriarch and council took
great care to prevent this production
falling into our hands. However, not-
withstanding every precaution, we
have at last obtained it, and now I give
it for the benefit of the British public,
as a specimen of a Mount Lebanon bull.
It will be a novelty in your part of the
world, and will therefore, perhaps, me-
rit an exhibition. An Italian transla-
tion was given to me of this furious or-
der, as well as a copy of the original
Arabic. As the translation was made
by a person of ecclesiastical authority
on the mountains, it will be best to
forward it to you in this shape. You
will easily be able, in London, to get
it put into English.

If the people of the Roman Catholic
persuasion (whether they wish it or
not) must be debarred from the use of
the word of God, is this a reason wliy
thousands and tens of thousands of
others, of different persuasions, and
unconnected witli the Roman church,
should be likewise deprived of tlie sa-
crcd Scriptures ?

TROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

101

Why should not the Armenians, and
Syrians, and Copts, and Abyssinians,
as well as the thousands of the Greek
church, be permitted to avail themselves
of British benevolence, and of the bread
of heaven ; famishing, as they are, in
want of the staff of life, and willing to
receive it when offered to them ? And
alas ! is the Gospel of the blessed Sa-
viour to be denied to the Jewish people
scattered throughout the Ottoman em-
pire ? Jesus, the very Christ, was pro-
nounced not only to be a light to
lighten the Gentiles, but, to be the
glory of his people Israel ; yet must
the law, the prophets, and the Psalms,
(as well as the Gospel) which testify of
him, be refused the house of Israel.

Such, however, and more, are the
evil consequences intended to be the
result of the present prohibitory firman ;
and if English Christians delay to act,
one proclamation will produce another,
and one scheme of violence will erelong
be the parent of a thousand enormities.
Ages of ignorance, of gross darkness
and crime, have been rolling on in an
almost uninterrupted career of triumph ;
but can England suffer such a system
to advance still further in these interest-
ing countries, whilst the world around
are beginning to enjoy the full light of
reason, liberty, and religion? Pales-
tine lies at the feet of Britain. The
Ottoman Christian countries are sup-
plicating your aid, and an immediate
interference. Let not the churches
then, decaying but not decayed, perish ;
and let not all our hopes and present
prospects respecting the house of Is-
rael, prove but an airy dream. Bri-
tish Christians must not only contem-
plate joyfully and with sure anticipa-
tion, the happy days of glory promised
to tlie nations of the earth ; but whilst
the prophecies are read, the actual state
of the Jewish people, and of the coun-
tries connected with this empire, must
be regarded with humbling feelings of
compassion ; and all lawful means in
our power must be used for their re-
lief.

No. I. Letter to Bishop Giovanni
JMarone, Patriarchal Vicar of Mount
Lebanon.

Most Illustrious and Reverend Signor,
The inauspicious tidings have

reached us, that one Wolf, of Bamberg,
together with other Bible-men, has
taken from your lordship, for a term of
five years, an ancient college, situated
at Antoura on Mount Lebanon. This
holy community takes for granted that
your lordship has not been aware how
much spiritual injury may result to the
Catholics of that place, from this new
scheme of the Bible-men. These men,
under the mask of an affected zeal, are
public criers of error and corruption.
They circulate, gratuitously, Bibles in
the vulgar tongue, but corrupted and
vitiated. It ought not, then, to be per-
mitted that such men should have an
asylum on Mount Lebanon, from
whence they may diffuse their poison
with impunity, to the injury, more par-
ticularly, of a nation which has ever
shewn itself stedfastin maintaining un-
defiled, the deposit of the faith. Your
lordship will, therefore, communicate
the subject of this letter to the newly
elected patriarch, in order that the
united counsels of the pastors of the
flock of our Lord Jesus Christ may
render ineffectual these new attempts
of the impious. This holy community
expects, therefore, from your Lordship,
suitable exertions ; and, meantime,
I pray that your lordship may enjoy
long life and prosperity.

Home, Propagaiula, Jan. 31, 1824.

Copy of a Letter from Home to Bishop
Gandolfi.

Information has been received, that
one Wolf, of Bamberg, (who appears to
be the individual that was expelled
from the college in this city, and who,
notwithstanding the care which this
holy congregation had taken, even
since his expulsion, to guide him into
the right path, has miserably gone
astray,) is now in your country, and
united with other Protestant Method-
ists is endeavouring to establish himself
in Antoura, by fitting up, for this pur-
pose, an ancient college, leased to him
for five years, by Signor Giovanni Ma-
rone, Maronite bishop and vicar-patri-
archal. It is of the highest importance
to the well-being of our holy religion,
to cut the thread of these counsels of
impiety ; and for this reason, the holy
conclave would awaken your zeal, and

102

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETV.

urge you to make known to the
new Maronite patriarch and to the
forenamed bishop, (to whom also this
holy conclave has addressed letters,)
the very serious mischief which may
result from such an establishment ; and
that you will lend your aid, in every
possible manner, to render ineffectual
the above-named impious undertaking.
I look for suitable exertions on your
part, and meantime pray God to pre-
serve you in long life and prosperity.
Your most affectionate brother,

Guilio M. Cardinai,,
Proprefetto of the Somaglia.
Home, Propaganda, Jan. 31, 1824.

No. II. The Maronite Patriarch's
Anathema, prohibiting the reading of
the sacred Scriptures, 4'c. ^c. issued
Jan. 1824.

The peace of our Lord, and our
apostolic blessing be with our flock,
the beloved sons of the Maronite na-
tion who inhabit the city and the vil-
lages of our diocese of Antioch. We
write to apprise you how the enemy of
mankind never ceases to infuse his
deadly poison into the members of the
mystical body, i. e. the faithfiil sons of
the holy church, and uses every effort to
sow the tares of false doctrine in the field
of our Lord . This he effects sometimes
by himself, sometimes by means of his
followers, (the apostate heretics and
sworn enemies of the Church of Rome,
mother and mistress of all churches,)
he beguiles,, with cunning craftiness,
Christians and simple persons into
error.

In these days he has instigated some
of the English nation, under the name
of Bible-men, who arrived at this coun-
try some time ago, and have taken up
their abode in Antoura as missionaries
of their false doctrines; w-earing the
habit of lambs, while in reality they
are ravening wolves. They commence
with travelling through our land under
the pretext of seeing the country, and
change of air, but their lour is full of
imposture and mischief. They carry
with them every where books of the
Old and New Testament, printed in
various languages, Syriac, Arabic, &c.
&c. and of different copies, some full

of mistakes, and others correct. In one
of their editions of tlie Bible, they have
omitted these six sacred and divine
books, i. e. Tobit, Judith, the Wisdom
of Solomon, the Ecclesiasticus of
Joshua, Baruch, with Jeremiah and
the two books of the Maccabees, al-
though the books thus omitted by them
are received by the church of Rome ;
and all who do not admit these books
as sacred and divine are excommu-
nicated, as directed by the sacred and
holy General Council of Trent, in its
4th session. Their intention obviously
is to circulate these books iu our na-
tion, whose faith is sound, and built
upon the rock of Peter, and which has
never worshipped the image Baal. It
is also their wish to sow false doctrine
in the minds of the simple, believing
that through these means they may in-
duce them, (if they possibly can,) to em-
brace a doctrine contrary to the Chris-
tian faith. These deceivers seem not
to know that, through the grace of
God, the Roman Catholic faith of our
nation is founded on the immoveable
rock of Peter, nor shall tlie winds of
their false doctrine ever shake it.
Hence they never cease with their ut-
most power aiming at their object by
different ways and means. Sometimes
they deliver exhortations where they
are, and then translate them into Arabic
and send copies to their friends. At
other times they travel amongst the
people to lead them astray with their
devices ; they shew tliemselves men of
pity and compassion to the poor, be-
cause they are sure that any whom they
cannot gain over by fraud or guile,
they will secure by money.

It is still more strange to find some
that go about buying the holy books of
the Old and New Testament printed in
Rome, (a thing not to be endured,)
and in place thereof giving their own
books gratis, so that after a time the
genuine holy books are not to be found,
and there remain only their books,
which are full of errors and deceits.
Nor are they content with all this,
but endeavour to draw over to them
some of our flock, and send them to
their own country to be instructed in
their false doctrines, giving them to
drink of their poison, and then sending

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIBTT.

103

them back to scatter it among our
Maronite people. There are many
other things which it would be too te-
dious to enumerate. Wherefore, as we
have perceived the snares and new
doctrines of these seducers, who vilify
and expose to ridicule the religion of
Christ, ruining the Catholic faith to the
notable perdition of souls; and in
order that the deceit of these men may
not go on augmenting, (of whom the
apostle has spoken, saying, that they
“ do not endure sound doctrine, but
seek out teachers after their lust, who
lead them away from the path of truth,”)
and because souls are in peril of eter-
nal damnation ; for this cause, moved
with paternal zeal and the duties of our
calling, which urge us to have constant
regard to the flock committed to us by
our Lord Jesus Christ, and to give the
medicines necessary to the disease with
all celerity, because the danger of the
patient admits no delay ; therefore
we, to whom is intrusted the church of
God, desire to remove those perils of
damnation to the souls according to
the saying of the apostle, “ Put away
the enemy from among you.” We
therefore ordain and command, ac-
cording to the directions of the sacred
council of Lebanon, to all the Maro-
nites generally and individually, of
whatsoever state or condition, whe-
ther secular or regular, monk or nun,
of whatsoever degree or dignity ; and
we enjoin, in the name of God, that
henceforth none shall either keep in
possession any of the above-named
books, or shall sell, buy, or give them
away to others ; and moreover, shall
not read them on any consideration,
even though they be correct copies, ac-
cording to the Vulgate of Rome. And
whoever shall find near him any of the
said books, whether of the Old or New
Testament, or books of sermons, or co-
pies of their exhortations, or publica-
tions of theirsociety, or books composed
by them against the Christian religion ;
we order that all such aforesaid be ei-
ther burnt by those who possess them,
or brought to us at Kannoobino, be-
cause we cannot suffer such to remain
in their possession. We further com-
mand our sons, individually and ge-
nerally, and exhort them in Christ; and

we announce to them, that from the
date hereof, we suffer not such books
to be read by them, nor to be kept,
sold, bought, or given away to others ;
nor to be esteemed as if they had been
holy and divine books, as defined by
the Council of Trent, in the fourth ses-
sion, and the Council of Lebanon in
the first chapter, at p. 15, No. 11 ;
and in order to guard ourselves against
books infected and corrupted by the
craft of prevaricating heretics, we
further absolutely forbid any one what-
ever, of the sons of our nation, to hold
communication with the aforesaid, on
any thing that regards the Christian
religion ; either by attending their ser-
mons, or listening to their exposi-
tions or conferences respecting reli-
gion, or things of that nature. Fur-
thermore, we suffer no person whatso-
ever to study in their schools, or to
read in their compositions ; and who-
soever, after ten days from the publi-
cation of our order, shall disobey per-
tinaciously, or retard the execution, or
impede the carrying into effect, and
shall keep with him the aforesaid books,
(which we have also been informed,
were prohibited by Pius the 7th, of
blessed memory) or shall read the pub-
lications of their societies, or the books
composed by them against the Chris-
tian religion, or receive copies of ad-
dresses delivered by them, or hold
communication with them in spiritual
matters ; or whosoever maliciously re-
fuses to burn their books, or to present
them to us as we have already directed ;
if he be of the clergy, he shall be, ipso
facto, prohibited the exercise of his de-
gree or calling; and if he be of the
laity, he shall be put under excommu-
nication, reserving his absolution to
ourselves. Because such things, and
occasioned by such persons, should be
avoided, and diligently guarded against,
in order not to defile the consciences
of good men, by these evil practices.

This is what I feel bound to commu-
nicate to your loving charity, to the
end that all may be put on their guard
against holding intercourse or conver-
sation with strangers, who come to di-
vide the flock of our Lord ; we being
abundantly satisfied of your piety and
religion, and obedience to the faith.

104

fROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

and disregard of the voice of strangers,
particularly in a case like this. And
we pray the Lord God to grant you all
the heavenly gifts and graces, that you
may fulfi] all your wholesome duties,
and hear that glad voice from the most
holy lips of our Lord, “ Come, ye
blessed of my father, take possession
of the kingdom prepared for you.”
This is what we desire for you from
the bottom of our heart, and with all
earnestness we give you our apostolic
benediction.

No. III. Declaration of Hannah Ma-
rone, Bishop Hanna, and Maro~
nite Patriurclis Vicar, Mount Le-
banon.

In the year 1823, two noble English-
men, Messrs. Lewis Way and William
Lewis, arrived to visit Syria ; and de-
clared their object, in a letter sent to
Signor Gandolfi, which he laid before
the Patriarch, and which was read by
many persons, ecclesiastics and laity,
who also took copies of the same. These
Englishmen wanted a house on the
mountain to spend the summer, and
quietly receive instruction in the Ara-
bic. Mr. Way enquired for a conveni-
ent situation, and resolved to go and see
the hospital of Arissa. His journey
took place in the month of June, and
finding the convent of Antoura on his
way, he deemed it expedient to pay a
visit to Signor Gandolfi, and make him
acquainted with his desire.

The next day, when he was setting out,
the Signor told him that there was in
that neighbourhood a house, i.e., the col-
lege of Antoura. “ Let us go,” said he,
“ to see it ; and if it pleases you, you
may inhabit it freely.” They went, ac-
cordingly to see it, and after seeing,
it was agreed that Mr. Way should
take the place, and not seek for any
other. He began to fit up the house
on the 24th of June. Some days after,
the Patriarch came to San Joseph of
Antoura. Mr. Way sent his son with
his physician, to pay their respects to
the Patriarch, and the next day the
Patriarch returned the visit to Mr.
Way in the college, and was received
politely, and informed of Mr. Way’s
desire to live in Antoura, and in the
college of the Patriarch to whom it be-
longed, if he would give his consent.

To this it was replied, that the house
was at Mr. Way’s service, and that the
vicar. Signor Giovanni, should lend any
articles which might be required. !Mr.
Way told him that the college required
many things, to which the Patriarch
replied, “ Settle the matter with my
vicar.” This conversation passed in
the presence of many persons, among
whom was Signor Gandolfi ; and Gi-
ovanni seeing that such was the wish
of the Patriarch and Signor Gandolfi,
made an assignment of the place, and
saw no impediment to granting it at a
rent on lease. Signor Gandolfi set
out in the middle of July, for Said and
other places. Mr. Way was taken
ill, and determined on going to Europe
to re-establish his health. Wishing to
know the circumstances of the college,
and to complete the agreement, he
wrote a letter to Signor Giovanni, of
which the followfing is a copy : —

“ Most reverend and illustrious Signor^

“ Since the state of my health does
not permit me to travel or to sojourn in
this country, as far as I wished, I am
desirous to know, distinctly, the circum-
stances of this house, the keys of which
I received from your lordship, and
the possession of which was confirmed
to me by the Patriarch, who also said
that the house should be at my dispo-
sal, and that your lordship was his pro-
curator. Before I began to repair the
house I told Sig. Gandolfi that I could
not expend so much for only one year,
nor solely for myself ; unless I could
have the privilege of leaving the house
during my absence, in the hands of
my friends, and sending thither Eng-
lish youths to acquire the Arabic lan-
guage. To all this Sig. Gandolfi dis-
tinctly gave me a pledge that I might
hold the house, and do whatever I
pleased with it in that respect. After-
wards, I told him that it would be ne-
cessary to reduce the contract to writ-
ing. But the Signor said, that before he
did so, he wished to make an arrange-
ment, having for its object to put the
house more entirely in his own power,
that I might treat solely with him.

As the Signor is not here at present,
and I cannot see him again before I
depart, I wish to know from your

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105

lordship if there be any objections or
difficulties in respect of this affair.

My declaration, which you have
seen, contains a pledge, which I here
repeat, that my object in taking this
house is not in any respect contrary
to the Catholic church, Maronite or
Syriac ; my only object being to do
good to the Jews in the Levant, and to
have a house, in which my friends who
come to this country, may take up their
abode, or to winch they may send some
young men to acquire the Arabic
language.”

When this letter reached Signor
Giovanni, he saw no impediment to
the completion of the contract, and the
covenants Mr. Way wished, because he
had in his possession an order from
his excellency the Emir Beshkir, stat-
ing that Mr. W. might live at Antoura,
orany partof the mountain undisturbed.
Besides, Mr. Way told Sig. Giovanni
that he had paid for the rent of the
house for the year 1823, four doubloons
to Sig. Gandolfi, and therefore that the
.agreement for the college had com-
.menced from the 24th of June, 1824 ;
and as to the four doubloons, Sig. Gan-
dolfi mentioned in a letter to Sig. Gio-
vanni, that he had received them, and
that they were in deposit. It fol-
lowed plainly from all this, that Sig.
Gandolfi is the person who rented the
college to Mr. Way, although in an il-
legal manner ; and that he had re-
ceived the doubloons for that end.
The vicar of the Patriarch thought he
should gain much praise for this con-
.tract made with Mr. Way and his
friend, for 100 dollars per annum.
On the departure of Mr. W ay, hisfriend
Mr. William Lewis took the college
into his care ; and three months after,
Sig. Gandolfi returned to Antoura, and
went thCDce to visit Sig. Giovanni, to
whom he presented an order of the
Einir Beshkir, that the government
of the college should be placed
in the hands of Gandolfi. Having
gotten such an order in his possession,
he believed he could recover the rent
of the college fiom the English gen-
tlemen, the said college having an-
ciently been in the hands of the Je-
suits, the Maronite nation being pro-
prietary of the place. Gandolfi made

VOL. X.

no opposition to the establishment of
the English in Antoura, and having
in a conversation spoken with Mr.
Lewis, he shewed all manner of friend-
ship and politeness, supposing that
the establishment would remain with
him; and when he saw the contract
made by Sig. Giovanni, he exclaimed,
“ ft is very well ; though Sig. Gio-
vanni is vicar, still the college is in my
hands ; he has no further right.” Sig.
Giovanni as in duty bound, informed
the Patriarch of the order shewn him, to
assign the college to Gandolfi, although
it belonged to the Maronite nation,
and that he had rented the college for
100 dollars per annum, for the good of
the nation. Hence it is evident that
the Patriarch did not contradict any
thing, knowing that his vicar made
this contract ; and he did not impede
the establishment of the English in
Antoura, after the departure of Mr.
Way, although he had been sufficiently
aware of their intentions in respect to
the sacred books, since he himself had
been presented with one of these books
by the hands of an Englishman who
was in Antoura ; and for eight months
after the contract, things went on with
all tranquillity and peace.

Some enemies to this peace, did not
fail to write to Rome things which ne-
ver occurred, in order to make them-
selves friends in that city; and letters
came to the Patriarch, to Gandolfi, and
Sig. Giovanni. The Patriarch had it
made known to Gandolfi, that he
should tell the English to leave the
college, (but in rude and authoritative
language ;) and that the contract made
by Signor Giovanni was void, having
been made without his concurrence.
He afterwards accused Giovanni to the
prince, without first saying any thing
to him upon this subject, (as was his
duty, being his agent,) he complained
of Giovanni having made the contract,
and maintained that the college be-
longed to him.

Mr. Lewis, who now inhabits the
college, could not be driven from thp
place by force, as if he was a robber or
murderer, whereas all the time he in-
habited thecollege, was spent in peace ;
neither could Signor Gandolfi nor the
neighbours deny this. It was incQqe-
P

106

PROCEEDINGS OE THE LONDON SOCIETY.

venient also to an European and Eng-
lishman, to leave the college then, and
it was his intention to take the college
solely for one year according to the
contract, because the place was
not suitable. Signor Giovanni ear-
nestly besought the Patriarch to take
up the cause with temper and patient
hearing, and love, as became him, and
not to harass by the manner that he
assumed. Before the contract was put
an end to. Signor Gandolfi wished to
lay the matter before the prince. —
But afterwards, at the commence-
ment of the year 1824, the Pa-
triarch told Gandolfi to bring him
word whether the English would
leave the college or not? He re-
plied, that with patience, he hoped
they would leave ; but now since
they have the contract from Signor
Giovanni, they think that they have
a right to remain in the college, and
that he had no right to make them
quit ; and that they were desirous to
have enquiry made into the legality of
the contract of Signor Giovanni. When
the Patriarch received this answer of
Gandolfi, he suddenly and falsely in-
sinuated to the Emir Beshkir, that Gi-
ovanni had no right to make the contract
without his knowledge, and that after
the letters had been received from
Rome, he made a second agreement
with the English, a thing in the high-
est degree improbable ; because when
Mr. Way came, the prince gave him
leave to establish himself in An-
toura, and Signor Gandolfi gave him a
dwelling during the last year in An-
toura. Now it was not fit that the
Prince should be ungrateful for the be-
nefits received from the English ; and
in order to repay them, he joined
with the Patriarch, and they accused
Giovanni, and sent some soldiers to
turn out the English, and give over the
college to the Maronite nation. All
this took place without the knowledge
of his excellency the Consul at Bey-
rout being informed that the contract
made by Signor Giovanni was void, not
having the sanction of the Patriarch.
Signor Giovanni immediately went to
the Prince to explain the facts as they
really occurred. He was not received,
nor was any audience granted him.

They merely informed him, that the
cause depended on the will of the Pa-
triarch, who might regulate it as he
pleased. When Signor Giovanni heard
the sentiments of his Excellency, he
set out for Cannubino, the residence of
the Patriarch, and besought him ear-
nestly that he would directly, and
through the medium of others, endea-
vour to urge the Prince, to rid him
of the troops, and the constant ex-
pences attending them. It was out of
the Patriarch’s power,' either to write
or give him any assistance, although
his own vicar was the person thus ty-
rannically treated ; and not being able
to obtain any thing from the Patriarch,
he returned to the Prince ; and through
some friends, besought him to remove
the troops and all the charge. He re-
ceived a definitive answer. That unless
he brought the contract, or a decisive
letter from the Patriarch, the troops
should not be withdrawn, but daily in-
creased and quartered on him ; and
Signor Gandolfi, though entreated,
would not co-operate in any way,
however plainly it was his duty to put
an end to the business.

In fine, since the aforesaid bishop
has seen the malignity of his own coun-
trymen, and no reasons have been as-
signed, no pity or compassion mani-
fested, he throws himself on the
mercy of Mr. Lewis, hoping that the
English gentlemen are desirous to do
good to every one ; and the said bishop
has thus entreated Mr. Lewis to give
up and resign the contract, as the
following memorial addressed to him,
certifies : —

“ Most illustrious Sir,

“You are fully acquainted with the
persecution to which I have been ex-
posed from the Patriarch, who accuses
me unjustly to the . Governor. I am
oppressed and harassed by several
troops sent by the Governor, and am
suffering loss and heavy expence, in
consequence of having leased the col-
lege of Antoura to the English, and
find no means of liberating myself from
this tyranny, but to throw myself on
your goodness and generosity, being
persuaded that , the said place is not
suited to you, either as to the building
itself, or the air. As I am unable to

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

107

convince the Patriarch, and the Gover-
nor will not listen to reason, I entirely
throw myself at once upon your huma-
nity and zeal, and beseech you to put an
end to this persecution, by yielding your
rights and giving me up the contract, and
thus to relieve me from this oppression,
for the love of God, and the good of
your neighbour. And I will send you
a manifesto signed by several persons
of credit, to attest your honourable
conduct. I trust in your kind-hearted-
ness and good sense, to grant me this
favour, and I shall never cease to re-
member the obligation.”

•When Mr. Lewis saw the whole cir-
cumstance, he interested himself, and
took pity on a bishop so ill treated by
his own people ; he therefore granted
the request, and gave up the contract
for the college, and surrendered his
rights in the college, only requiring
time to provide another residence.

The end proposed is merely to write
down the injuries which oppressed Sig-
nor Giovanni, because I do not wish
to occasion loss to any one. This is tlie
history from beginning to end ; and it
is certain that had such a circum-
stance taken place with any other na-
tion than the English, it never would
have terminated.

No. IV. The following is the substance
of the Grand Signor’s Firman, pro-
hibiting the distribution of the sacred
Scriptures. (According to the Ara-
bic translation from the Turkish.)

After the accustomed and formal
address to all bashas, moullahs, cadies,
and governors, &c. &c. &c., it proceeds
in words nearly to this effect : —

“ Let it now be certified that at this
epoch it has been ascertained, that
bound books have been printed in Eu-
rope; viz., the Old Testaments, Psal-
ters, and Gospels, and the History of
the Disciples (or Apostles) at the end ;
of every sort two or three thousand,
with an Epistle (or tract) in Persian.
It is to such a degree, that there are
arrived of them at this the residence of
my exalted blessedness, of each kind
two or three hundred, and with them
four or five pieces of the Epistles (or
tracts) in the Persian. By tliis means

have arisen amongst the heads of peo-
ple and of the people themselves, dis-
putations and apprehensions in a way
of trouble and disturbance. And as
it is fit that I should thoroughly put a
stop to such doings, when they take
place in my happy (or secure) domini- ■
ons, during my reigu, let the aforesaid
books be sent back to Europe ; and
henceforth, if such of these said books
should appear at the custom houses,
information must be taken, and advice
given thereof, at this my high and
happy place of residence, in order that
they be not sold or bought. Likewise,
none of the Mussulmans in any place
must take of these false (or worthless)
books ; and if any of them be met
with, wherever it should be, let them
be laid hold of, and cast into the fire
to be burnt ; and let it not be permit-
ted that they be sold or bought in any
country (or city). This is the state of
my royal will and pleasure in this mat-
ter. And on this account, my royal
edict has been issued from the throne
of my kingdom, according to which,
let the aforesaid books be returned.

And for this purpose, orders in
blank have been sent forth from my
Sublime Porte for Anatolia, Rouma-
lia, and the Three Roads, separately,
in firmans which have been written
and expedited. Tlien you noble vi-
ziers, and two-tailed pashas, and moul-
lahs, and cadies, and vice cadies, and
all above-mentioned ; of you, of you, it
is demanded of you, that you should
now give them to understand in the
places under your jurisdiction, this or-
der, and that you always take care and
be diligent to do your best, that none
of the Mussulmans should take of these
aforesaid books, and with whomsoever
there should be found of them, take
them out of their hands, and cast them
into the fire for burning. Be well
united, and do your utmost to hinder
their sale wherever they should be.
This my glorious and mighty order
has been purposely sent forth with one
of the Aghas (or officers) of the Grand
Vizier, and he is the distinguished
among his equals, Mahomed Me-
heyddeen ; may his power increase !
And now, for this reason, the will
of my royal person is, that you

108

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

EONDON SOCIETY.

should seek diligently, and in this
business ; shutting the eyes in any
manner is permitted by no means.
As soon then as my order conies
to your knowledge, understand and
act according to the forementioned,
in the execution thereof, doing the du-
ties with which you are charged, faith-
fully and unitedly. Be quick, and em-
ploy yourselves in a strict examination,
and do nothing to the contrary. On
the arrival, then, of this my lofty and
noble firman, it is necessary that you
obey with strict obedience its mighty
contents. Let it be known and act
accordingly, aud take good care that
you do not prevaricate, or obstinately
act the contrary part in violation
thereof. And be assured of this my
sacred signature.

“ W ritten in the middle of the ho-
noured Shoual, 1239.”

LETTER FROM RABBIES MENDEL AND
SAPIRA.

The following is a translation of
a Hebrew letter from the rabbles
Mendel and Solomon Mendel Sa-
pira, dated Jerusalem, January 24,
1824, addressed to the Rev. W. B.
Lewis.

It was doubtless the divine provi-
denee that sent you. Sir, amongst us,
and prompted you so kindly to step
forward to protect us in the midst of
our calamities, which have been
brought upon us both, chiefly by the
lower orders of the people amongst
whom we dwell. Praise-worthy in-
deed is this benevolence, and may the
Lord rew'ard you ! But who can an-
swer for the good conduct of the Go-
vernor towards us, when you shall
leave us? Who can tell that he may
not, like Pharaoh of old, when once
relieved from restraint, forget his pro-
mises, and redouble his anger against
us? And to whom can we then flee
for protection ?

O ! what can be said, if the present
Governor should be recalled, and
another a]ipointed, who, like his pre-
decessors, shall again tyrannize over
us? We shall be without means of

redress, for all here seem alike deter-
mined to destroy us. But knowing
that the English king is kind and com-
passionate, and that he and his allies,
the Emperors Alexander and Francis,
do protect, to the utmost of their power,'
those of our brethren of the house of
Israel, that dwell in their respective
dominions : and trusting that they will
not sutler those deceivers who would
lead the people to violence, contrary
to the charge given by Jesus to his
apostles, to proceed to act so unjus-
tifiably : and having likewise been iu-
formed of the great exertions of Mr.
Way, in our behalf, who, himself an
Englishman, has endeavoured both by
preaching and by his publications, to
stir up the hearts of his hearers and
readers to acts of kindness and bene-
volence, towards us, in whose steps
we are eye-witnesses that you also have
trodden; and recollecting your per-
sonal fatigue, shortly after your arrival
here, in your endeavours to rescue us
from the fangs of the Governor, who
then made so unjust a demand upon our
purses. Knowing, we say, all these
things, we humbly pray you not to with-
draw your kindne.ss from us in time to
come ; well acquainted as you are with
our poverty and low estate, and that we
are bereft of all things. We therefore
entreat you kindly to exert your influ-
ence with the English ambassador at
Constantinople, and elsewhere. And
particularly would we beg to know
whether by your interference with
the said ambassador, we might no'
be enabled to obtain a firman with
the Sultan’s seal affixed to it, for our
repossession of a certain portion of
land and buildings which belonged to
our relatives, now no more, viz. to
R. Judah the pious, and others, who
purchased the same of the Turks, and
erected houses, a college, and a syna-
gogue thereon. In consequence of a
plague that broke out some time after,
and carried off the possessors, the
Turks have re-entered upon the pro-
perty, and now refuse to deliver up
possession to us, although, after many
researches, we have produced legal
deeds; and yet the authorities here
will pay no attention to our claim un-
less we can obtain a firman.

As one of us is about to go after

PfeOCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETt.

109

next Easter, on account of the above,
to Stombol, we should be glad to re-
ceive your letters of recommendation
to the ambassador at that place. May
a heavenly reward await you.

Yours, &c. &c.

Signed, Iskael Ashkenazi,

(For R. Mendel, in his absence,)
Solomon Mendel Sapira.

THE REV. W. B. lewis’s JOURNAL.

( Continued from Vol. ix. p. 466._)

Sttfed, Nov. 30, 1823. — Some Jews
called, principally of the Spanish or
Portuguese congregation, and re-
mained with me some time. One of
them read a good deal in the Hebrew
New Testament. He seemed much
disconcerted, especially in reading the
account of the birth of our Saviour. I
understood his Spanish enough to make
out that he declared to the other Jews
that the whole was a falsehood.

Turning over to Mark, he asked.
Is this also the Gospel?” and ap-
peared to be quite ignorant of the New
Testament. Another asked if the
Koran was added to the Word of God,
as well as the New Testament. I of-
fered him the Gospel, but he refused
it, and indeed seemed to mind but
little wbat I said to him. This even-
ing a Sephardim Jew took a copy of
the Testament, and thanked me. I
was engaged for a time with Jewish
boys, in reading the Psalter, and I
pointed them to the Messiah as refer-
red to in Psalm xxii. I am informed
that many Jews are gone away on
account of the troubles of the times.

Dec. 1 . — I visited some Jewish fami-
lies. Among the Jews that called
was Signor D — , a native of Leghorn.
He is an apothecary and physician,
and has been nine years in this place.
I asked him why so many Jews came
to Safed, as it affords no advantage for
trade or commerce? He said, they
come to read Hebrew, and to die, as
the place is within the precincts of the
Holy Land; the land in which their
forefathers Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob,
&c. &c. sojourned. He tells me that,
before the Greek war, there were many

arrivals every year from all quarters;
but since the sea was shut up, the
Jews come slow'ly, and many had fled
on account of the sufferings they had
been exposed to, since the unfortunate
affair of the Farkhies with the Basha.
All the Jews the Basha of Acre could
lay hold of with impunity, have suf-
fered very severely. The Dr. re-
joices that he is a native of Europe,
He thanked God (he said) for his lot,
and that there was a Consul to protect
him.

W. L. The Jews have been sufferers
at all times.

Signor D. Yes, per tutti i secoli.

W. L. It is the duty of the Jews to
consider why this has been the case.

I then asked him his opinion respect-
ing the advent of Messiah.

Signor D. The coming of Messiah
is uncertain — God only knows the
time, the Jews do not.

Afterwards he read in the New Tes-
tament. I offered him the book, but
he refused it, and said. If you have a
book of medicine in Italian, I shall be
oblige J to you for it. Alas! the health
of the body is much more thought of
than that of the soul. Though the
soul be diseased, men enquire not for
the genuine balm of Gilead; nor for
the great and true Physician. Sig-
nor D. estimates the present Jewish
population of Safed, at about 400
families. He says there is a good
deal of sickness here, and that in his
opinion Tiberias is more healthy than
Safed.

The young man who accepted the
New Testament yesterday evening with
thanks returned it to-day, saying,
“ This is not a book for the Jews.”
A boy likewise brought back a Tre-
mellius which I had given him at his
own request. All this is disheartening.
I read, however, with another Jew, the
53d of Isaiah, and preached Christ to
him. This must be done wherever the
opportunity offers, whether the sinner
be disposed to listen to the truth in
love or to treat it with scorn. The con-
science of the Missionary may be at
rest, if he speaks with faithfulness,
though it be with simplicity. “ O Lord,
help tliou mine unbelief.”

Dec. 2.-p-During the day, and in the

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETT.

evening, Jews were continually saun-
tering in, and taking up the New Testa-
ment. &c. to read. I endeavoured
to engage them in conversation on the
subject of religion, but it was difficult.
One asked me the meaning of some of
the passages in the beginning of Isaiah.
I said the 6th verse showed what great
sinners the Israelites were. And that
were the Messiah (so much longed for)
to come now upon earth, those alone,
who are delivered from sin, would be
made happy by his appearance. All
others must be punished; so that it
was very necessary that men should
be prepared for this second coming.
I added, he will come indeed, to reign
in glory; but the same Messiah has
already been in the world to suffer;
and this for the sins of mankind,
according to Isaiah liii. Some of the
Jews asked me if I had the Talmud.
I told them the Talmud was not a
good book. But that we should read
and love the book of God every day.

The Jews, though generally poor in
appearance, seem here to breathe a
certain air of independence, which I
have not seen elsewhere. There are
very few Christians in Safed; and the
Turkish quarters are so far off, that the
Jews appear to be in a town which
they may call their own; and as it
were in their own country. Safed is
not much noticed by travellers, either
ancient or modern. It does not lie in
a direct line between the places usually
visited by strangers; and it possesses
but little to attract the curious. I was
struck, however, with a remark made
by Fuller, with regard to Safed, in his
Pisgah sight of Pdestine, written up-
wards of 170 years ago. “ Here,” the
author states, “ the Jews live in the
greatest liberty, (or rather in the least
slavery,) of any place under heaven;
having some tolerable privileges al-
lowed them by the Turks, so that they
who get wealth enough elsewhere, here
seem to have some shew of a common-
wealth. What shall we say (he adds)
if this little place be left, still to keep
possession, as an earnest, that God in
due time, upon their conversion, may
restore the whole country unto them.”

Dec. 3. — The servant I had des-
patched to Acre, with a letter to (he

vice consul, giving an account of the
man’s conduct at Dgiser, as well as to
request him to procure me a passport
from the Basha, returned to day with
a Biourdy, (as it is called,) and a satis-
factory reply. The man at the bridge
is ordered to restore the money he took
from the servants; and the mandate
directs the Aga or commanding officer,
to cause the delinquent to be properly
chastised. There are two commanding
officers residing here. One is the Aga
of Safed, and the other, the Aga of
the Dgiser district. I waited on them
both with the order from the Basha,
and I told them, that I did not wish
the man to be punished, further than
by being obliged to restore the money
which he had taken wrongfully.

Two Muscovite Jews were with me
this evening. I had a letter for one of
them, but tliough I had several times
asked after him, no one admitted that
they knew such a person. These two
Jews seem reasonable. Indeed, as far
as I was capable of judging, the Mus-
covite or Polish Jews I have seen, give
more cause for encouragement than the
Levantine or Mediterranean. The lat-
ter are called Sephardim, and the
others Ashkenazim. The Levantines are
richer than the German or Muscovite
Jews; but they are very worldly minded,
and either tainted with infidel prin-
ciples, or so ignorant and fanatical, as
to decline all conversation on religious
subjects. A good-humoured, gay-look-
ing Jew from Constantinople, told me
to-day, that he did not believe any
Messiah wfas ever to come into the
world. I told him to search the book
of God well, and he would find that
the Messiah had already come in the
person of Jesus Christ. The Ashken-
azim Jews are much more strict and
learned in Talmudical principles than
the generality of the Sephardim.

In walking amongst the Germans
and Muscovites, I seem to feel my-
self, as it were, in Europe. They live
as they used to do, and the men and
women retain their European customs
and manners as well as the dress.

I have heard that Messrs. Jowett
and Fisk passed through Safed on
their way to Jerusalem, and lodged
one night in the house of one of the Rabr

PROCEEDINGS OP THE LONDON SOCIETY.

bies. Safed is a good day’s journey
from Acre, and about the same dis-
tance from Tour, (Tyre.)

Dec. 4. — I visited three of the chief
rabbies, and was all day in the com-
pany of Jews. Two of these rabbies
belong to the company of the Chasi-
dim, (□n'Dn.) and the other is of
the Pharisees, (Dt^rnaO But rabbi
Israel, the chief of the sect of the
Pharisees, is at present in Jerusalem.
Here, the Chasidim are more numerous
than the Pharisees ; the contrary is the
case, I am told, in Jerusalem. Three
of the chief Ashkenazim rabbies are
natives of Russia, and the fourth comes
from Austria. We had a good deal of
conversation on the Talmud, as well as
other points. David B — , a Polish or
Muscovite Jew, praised it most highly.
He said it treated on all subjects, and
that in a manner not to be found else-
where. “ A man,” he exclaimed, “may
by the Talmud, understand astronomy,
mathematics and all their branches;
medicine, philosophy, morality, &c.”

D. B. It gives explanations on all
subjects.

W. L. Does the Talmud explain
the Bible ?

D. B. Without it, the Bible cannot
be understood.

W. L. You have read the Talmud?

D. B. Blessed be the name of God .
(These words were frequently repeated
in the conversation.)

W. L. What explanation is given
in the Talmud on Ezekiel xxxvi. 26 ?

D. B. You must know that no
man’s heart is truly a stone ; but this
heart of stone therefore signifies the
heart which is in a wicked man ; now
when Messiah comes, wicked men will
no more be wicked ; and the heart will
then be called a heart of flesh.

W. L. The heart of every man by
nature is a heart of stone, because it is
at enmity with God.

B. D. Certainly, there is a bad
spirit as well as a good spirit in all
men.

W. L. A man who dies with this
heart of stone within him, can he be
saved? What becomes of him ?

D. B. The bad man must certainly
go to the place not good.

W‘ L. Who then can be saved? that

dies before Messiah comes, if the
Spirit of God is only to be given ia
the times of the Messiah?

D. B. But every man possesses the
Spirit of God ; for the soul of man is
the Spirit of God; and surely Abra-
ham, Isaac, and Jacob, were good
men. And thus, in all ages, it wUl be
found that there are good men who
will be saved.

W. L. The passage before us is
sufficient to prove that there is a Spirit
from God distinct from the Spirit which
is in man, by nature; and God for
this desires to be enquired of: read
verse 37.

D. B. This verse, you must see,
relates to the increasing of the house
of Israel like a flock, aud to their re-
storation, and the rebuilding of their
cities.

W. L. David prayed for God’s
Spirit: read Psalm li. 10.

D. B. Surely David prayed to be
ardoned. But with respect to David,
must observe to you that the Talmud
proves that there are different kinds of
sins ; the greatest sins, that is to say
sins against God, and sins against
man, as was David’s case, originating
only in the blood or affections.

W. L. In the sight of God there is
no difference ; sin is sin, and the least
sin condemns the sinner ; and it is not
enough to be pardoned merely; the
heart must also be cleansed.

D. B. It is washed surely, when
tears of sorrow flow down from the
eyes, as David wept.

W. L. But tears do not cleanse the
heart. Supposing that a man has
ruined his fortune by misconduct, will
tears bring back his fortune to him, how-
ever much tliey are a sign of sorrow ?
We must receive a new spirit, that the
heart may be sanctified. And now
let me ask you on what account does
God promise to give His Holy Spirit
to them who pray for it ?

D. B. Because God is good.

W. L. God is indeed good and
gracious, but he is also a just God,
Therefore, as a just God, he requires
sacrifice.

D. B. The subject of sacrifice is too
great for us to enter upon.

W. L, Your temple sacrifices of old,

112

PROCEEDING* OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

showed, evidently, tliat God required a
sacrifice to be made for the sins of man.
Those sacrifices are long since passed
away; and where do you think we
must now look to find a sacrifice for
the sins of mankind?

D. B. returned no answer, at least
he said nothing distinctly to be under-
stood.

W. L. We Christians believe that
Jesus Christ was the great sacrifice for
sin. That He was Messiah, and that
He came into the world to take away
sin.

D. B. Jesus Christ was not the
Messiah, because it is declared by the
Prophet Isaiali, that in the times of the
Messiah, there will be no more war,
nor wickedness ; “ that the wolf shall
dwell with the lamb, and the leopard
with the kid, the cow and the bear
shall feed togetlier, and the lion shall
eat straw like an ox,'’ Ikc.

W. L. These prophecies relate to
the Messiah’s triumphant state, or the
times of his second advent. But there
are other prophecies, which speak of
Messiah in a state of humiliation on
earth, and in a state of suffering for
the sin of mankind : see, for instance,
Isaiah liii.

D. B. (taking the Hebrew Bible,)
I have read this chapter often.

W. L. We cannot read it too often.
It is tlie Word of God. I beg you to
read the chapter and to expound it.

D. B. True, it is God’s Word, and
cannot be read too often. For what rea-
son is the plural pronoun ()J) affixed to
the third word of the first verse?

W. L. For the same reason that we
find J prefixed to the third word in
Gen. i. 26.

U. B. This is another thing. Here
God is speaking in council with the
holy angels.

W. L. The great God, when about
to create man, had no need to consult
with angels ; but hehimself is here repre-
sented by the word which is

plural. Proceed in the chapter.

He read, and paused in various
places, and I endeavoured, at every
pause, to shew him how this wonderful
prophecy of Isaiah was accomplished
in the person of Jesus Christ.

D. B. But here is a passage (ar-

riving at the last verse of the chapter)
which was not fulfilled in Jesus Christ,
“ Tlierefore will I divide him a portion
with the great,” &c.

W. L. But it will be fully accom-
plished at the second coming of the
Messiah.

U. B. Is not God good ? Blessed
be his great and holy name !

W. L. God is truly good.

D. B. If good, would God desire
evil to be done i Blessed be his name.

W. L. Far from it. -

B. D. If Jesus Christ was Messiah,
was it not an evil and wicked deed of
tlie Jews to crucify him ?

W. L. And they have well suffered
for it.

B. D. How ?

IF. L. In the destruction of their
city ; in their dispersion throughout the
nations ; and their sufferings for many
ages.

D.B. The destruction of Jerusalem
was not on account of the crucifixion
of Jesus Christ; for it did not take
place for a long time after this event.

IF. L. But a few years elapsed.

D. B. Fifty years.

IF. L. Not so much ; little more
than 30 years only ; but even had it
been 50 years after the crucifixion of
Jesus Christ, the case would not have
been altered. Why, I ask you, do
you remain still a scattered people?
Is it not because you still reject Jesus
the Messiah ?

D. B. But why do other people
and nations suffer who acknowledge
Jesus to be the Messiah ? The Greeks,
for instance, they have suffered under
the Turkish yoke for many years.

IF. L. Jews are not the only sin-
ners in the world.

D. B. Very true.

IF. L. And, speaking comparatively,
real Christians are but few. God pu-
nishes the wicked Christians as well as
Jews.

D. B. Others have pretended to be
Messiah as well as Jesus Christ.
There are accounts of twelve Messiahs.
And about 120 years since a Jew of
Salonica set himself up to be Messiah,
and drew after him many followers.
His head, indeed, was cut off by order
of the Grand Signor. The sultan said to

PROCEEDINGS OF TilE LONDON SOCIETY.

113

him, “ I shall cut off your head, but if
you come to life afterwards iu proof
that you are Messiah, I will give you
the Holy Land and great treasures.”
Many of his followers, however, con-
tinued firm after his death, and even to
this day some of them are to be found,
not only in Salonica but also among
the Jews in Smyrna andConstantinople.
A rabbi who died in Jerusalem last
year believed this man was Messiah.

W. L. Jesus Christ predicted that
many false Christs would come in his
name, (the name of Messiah.) But
the best way to prove who is tlie true
Messiah, is to compare the words and
actions, &c. of each with the ancient
prophecies, and in none will you find
the prediction accomplished but in the
person of .Tesus Christ.

I). B. We believe, that Messiah,
the son of Joseph, will be cut off for
our sins.

IF. L. The true and only Messiah
was to be the son of David.

]). B. There will be two Messiahs.
Tlie last, who is to be the great and
real Messiah, will be the Son of David.
But the son of Joseph, or Ephraim,
who is to die in battle, will also be
Messiah. Jesus Christ was not Mes-
siah ; and until the time of Constan-
tine Christianity made no progress in
the world.

W. L. We can prove the contrary,
even from heathen writers, who w'ere
the enemies of Christianity.

D. B. Tile time of Messiah's com-
ing is uncertain ; Elijah must first come,
and this cannot take place on a Friday,
as thus it would be but one day before
Messiah’s appearance in the world ;
and the' Jewish people, anxious to see
and to hear Elijah, would neglect the
preparation for the sabbath, so that
there would be nothing to eat on the
next day.

D. B. having accepted a New Testa-
ment, bound up w'ith the Prophets,
the conversation here ended. I find
I must acquire some knowledge of the
Talmud, that I may be a better match
for the Talmudists ; and 1 want also
the facility of speaking the Hebrew.
To act ivith effect in this place, how-
ever, a knowledge of the German and
Spanish is very necessary, especially in

VOL. X.

reference to the more ignorant Jews ;
that is to say, tlie Jews that are not
rabbles, or learned in Hebrew or rabbi-
nical literature. The common languag^
amongst the Levantines . or Sephar-
dim is Spanish, or a sort of Spanish,
which I have heard called the Lingua
Franca; and the language used com-
monly by the Ashkenazim is German.
This remark is applicable to the two
great bodies of the Jews in Palestine.
At Damascus the Arabic is spoken;
for the Jews there are for the most part
natives ; whilst the residents in Pales.*
tine (properly so called) or the Holy
J^and, are chiefly strangers, or the de
scendants of late settlers, and they use
respectively the German and Spanish
language. I heard to-day that many
Jews come to settle in Palestine on ac-
count of their wives and mothers, &c.
who are generally much more religious
than the men, and have stronger feel-
ings of attachment to the land of their
fathers. Here they wish to live and to
die, and hither many widows wander
from all quarters. I am told it is not
considered necessary for women to at-
tend the synagogue-r-they may pray at
home. (To be continued.)

MALTiC

EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM CAPT.

ATCIIESON.

A LETTER from Captain At-
cheson, secretary to the Maltese
Society for, promoting Christianity
amongst the Jews, states, that the
Committee have printed Tract, No.
38, of the London Society, in
modern Greek and in Italian ;
and also a Tract containing the life
of Abraham, (copied from Scrip-
ture Stories) in modern Greek.
They have also translated No. 8.
into modern Greek, and No. 28,
to<rether with Pinnock’s Catechism

O _

of the History of the Jews, into
Italian ; and vhe translation and
printing of several other Tracts of
the London Society are in progress.
After mentioning other matters of
detail, not very important to our
readers, he says,

114.

PKOCKEDIN0S OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

On the next page are the queries
which have lately been sent to all our
correspondents with the view of register-
ing for general use, all the information
we can obtain under the several heads.
We hope, that from the opportunities
which our friends will have, of obtain-
ing information from intelligent Jews
and others well acquainted with their
principal places of abode, we shall,
in a short time, be in possession
of every desirable particular concern-
ing this people in the neighbouring
countries. We have also suggested to
our friends, to give a copy of these
queries to any person interested in the
state of the J ews, who may either pos-
sess good information respecting them,
or who may have to travel among
them ; and to say how thankfully the
London Society, or that established
here, would receive any communica-
tions concerning this people. We
have also suggested, that when any of
our friends recommend the occupation
of any new missionary station, they
will endeavour to send with their re-
commendation, every particular which
it will be useful for the parent Societies
or their Missionaries to act on.

We subjoin the queries alluded
to, thinking they will be found use-
ful in directing the friends of Israel
who may he travelling in parts
where any Jewish population is
found, to the points particularly
to be attended to, with a view to
collect useful information.

Queries which have lately been sent to

the correspondents of the Malta

Jews’ Society.

Information wanted respecting the
Jews at particular towns or districts.

1 . The number of Jews in the town
or immediate neighbourhood.

2. —

■o

Sects.

5. —

— Schools, what

taught in them, and how conducted ?

6. Scholars, male

and female.

7. State of general information and
literature.

8. Their religious, moral, and po*
litical state.

9. General occupations.

10. With what places have they
communication principally.

11. How supplied with the Old
Testament, with the New Testament,
with Tracts?

12. The nearest depot of Scriptures.

13. What language do they usually
speak ; in what do they usually read
and write.

14. To what extent 'are the Scrip-
tures in the vernacular languages read
by them, and which version is pre-
ferred ?

15. What particular Tracts seem to
have made the most beneficial impres-
sions ?

16. Are they visited, aud how often,
by Christian teachers ?

17. Are any individuals known, who
take an interest in the welfare of the
Jews, who would take charge of a sup-
ply of Scriptures and Tracts for circu-
lation among them, and would corre-
spond with this Society?

Information wanted respecting the
personal welfare of Missionaries pro-
ceeding from Malta to the neighbour-
ing countries.

First, As it regards the outfit and
preparations to be made in Malta.

1 . What are the essential articles to
be taken out from Malta, of wearing
apparel, bedding, furniture, utensils,
stationery, medicines, or other articles
for personal use. First, for a single
man moving about; Secondly, for a
family ?

2. What of the above can easily he
obtained in the country ?

3. Is it best to take out bills or
cash from Malta ?

4. What description is most useful
to be taken from Malta ?

5. Which is the best route from
Malta to the station ?

6. The usual mode of travelling
from the place landed at, to the sta-
tion ; and the preparations to be made
for the journey. Tlie best description,
size, and weight of packages for tra-
velling.

7. Tlie chief inconveniences to be
anticipated on the journey?

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

115

8. The usual expence of the voyage
and journey from Malta to the station.

9. The names of the British consuls
or agents, at the principal places on
the journey.

10. The names and residences of
the principal native authorities on the
route.

11. The most useful introductions
for missionaries or travellers.

Secondly, As it regards the mission
station.

1. What is the best season for a
stranger to arrive in the country?

2. What are the healthy and un-
healthy seasons of the year ?

3. Are there any diseases peculiar
to the station and seasons ?

4. What precautions are to be ob-
served regarding healtlr?

The nature of the water, and how to
be corrected ?

The unhealthy winds, and how to
be avoided ?

The domestic means used by the
natives to preserve health.

The medicine used by the natives.

Their diet.

What are the indigenous, medicinal,
and poisonous productions ?

W hat are the usual condiments used
in diet?

What are the usual adulterations of
food and physic ?

The healthiest part of the country
or town.

The healthiest part of the building or
house.

The best hours for sleep, food, ex-
ercise, and study.

The names and residences of the
best medical men and apothecaries.

5. What are the most useful medi-
cines? Can they be obtained of a
good quality, and easily, in the
country?

6. The price of lodging with a na-
tive family, of house hire, servants,
bread, meat, wine, and groceries, in
the country.

7. What means are there for ob-
taining cash for bills ; and the usual
rate of exchange ?

8. With what places have you com-
munication ?

9. The usual number of opportuni-

ties of receiving letters and package^
from Malta, or other considerable
places.

10. The usual mode of performing
journies into the interior. The ex-
pense of journies to the principal
places likely to be visited ; the main
precautions which a stranger must
take on these journies ?

MEDITERRANEAN.

EXTRACTS OF A LETTER FROM REV.

C. NEAT.

A LETTER has been received
from the Rev. Chas. Neat, dated
Jan. 10, containing a continuation
of his Journal, from which we ex-
tract as follows. Our readers
will perceive from the concluding
extracts that Mr. Neat has been
visited with a severe illness ; we
are happy, however, to be enabled
to state, that, through the divine
meicy, he is now perfectly re-
stored to health : —

Oct. 5, 1825. — I found a Barbary
Jew waiting in the street. He ac-
costed me as I entered the door, and
enquired if I were the English Priest ?
and being answered in the affirmative,
he expressed his wish to have a private
interview. This, of course, I gladly
acceded to, and began to address him
in Italian, but found he did not un-
derstand that language. He, however,
spoke English, although imperfectly.
He related that he had been two years
in England, and had taught Hebrew
and Arabic at Oxford and Cambridge.
In the former University he knew Dr.
Nichol ; in the latter. Professor Lee.
He was also in the East Indies, and
at Cochin, and the neighbourhood ;
he saw the Rev. J. Fenn, and the Rev.
Mr. Church, and Mr. Henry Mort-
lock. Mr. Mortlock gave him a New
Testament, on condition of his read-
ing it through twice. This he pro-
mised, and more than performed, hav-
ing read it through five times, and
compared it with the Old Testament.
He speaks highly of the New Testa-

116

rROCKEDINGS 01' THE LONDON SOCIETY.

ment, and declares his ccmdction of
the Messiahship of Jesus. From the
prophecy of Daniel’s M eeks be infers,
that the time of Messiah’s coming is
long since fulfilled. Hearing this de-
claration of his belief in Jesus as the
Christ, I desired to impress him with
a sense of his own need of the Re-
deemer's obedience and atonement.
He owned, with much apparent feel-
ing, that he was a sinner. I asked
what would become of his soul after
death ? In reply he related a fable to
the following effect — “ A king had a
pleasant garden, in which grew deli-
cious fruits. Tw’o men wished to steal
the fruit ; one was blind, the other
lame. After some consultation, the
lame man mounted upon the blind
man’s shoulders, directed him to the
spot where the fruit grew, plucked it
and gave to his companion. They
were detected. When the king came
to punish them, one excu.ed himself
because he was blind, and could not
find his w ay to the tree ; the other,
because he was lame, and could not
walk to it. But the king punished
both, inasmuch as the one had sup-
plied the deficiency of the other ; and
thus their dishonest wish had been
gratified. So the soul uses the
agenej"^ of the body, and the body is
under the direction of the soul, in the
commission of sin ; and both must be
punished." Such was the substance
of his fable, and he afterwards con-
fessed that he had nothing to say in
vindicalicn of himself before God.
I pointed him to the merits and suffer-
ings of Christ. He seethed to know
something of these great truths, and
received my exhortation to cast all his
sins upon the Saviour, with becoming
meekness alid humility. It is his in-
tention to go to Marseilles, when he
can obtain his clothes from the captain
of the vessel, which brought him from
Algiers ; and ultimately to return to
F.ngland to teach Hebrew and Arabic,
and by this means to support himself.
He says the Jews are cruelly treated
by the Mahomedans in Barbary, and
particularly at Algiers. His father
and mother were both killed at Tunis,
of which he is a native, 1 desired
him to come to-morrows, and to read

some Hebrew with me, in order to
hear how far his pronunciation ac-
corded with mine, and to have some
further conversation.

Oct. 7. * (the Jew men-

tioned before) called. He informed
me that the Jew’s in Barbary are nu-
merous ; but, with the exception of
those at Tunis, very ignorant. He
travelled on foot from Tangiers to Al-
giers. He met with a mountainous
tract of country, commencing 60 miles
from Algiers and reaching towards
Xangiers. In this district lives an in-
dependent chief called Sheik Bag-
dadu. He has four principal towns,
which are Bagdadu, 60 miles from
Algiers ; Schershel, Hhasahhascha,
and Tenis. This district is populous,
and contains, at least, 4000 Jews.
They are deplorably ignorant; know
little or nothing of Hebrew, and can
not read. Arabic is the vernacular
tongue. The rabbles themselves are
possessed of very little information ;
neither do these Jews keep the cere-
monies, such as the passover, feast of
tabernacles, &c. The difference be-
tween them and the Mahomedans
seems to consist in little more than in
the time of performing circumcision,
(the Jews doing it when the child is
eight days old, but the Mahomedans
when he is 13 years,) and in their de-
claration of faith in the unity of Jeho-
vah ; the Jews say, “ There is but one
God," while the Mahomedans add,
“ and Mahomed is his prophet.” But
the Jews are sadly persecuted. If a
Mufti knows that a Jew writes Arabic,
he will cut off his hand. Nevertheless,
the Jews are numerous. At Tunis,
during the life of the late Bey, there
were 15,000. Now they are oppressed
by the Bey, and many have fled to
other places ; but about 9000 reside
there still. At Tripoli there are 2500,
at Algiers 3000. In this last place
they are treated worse than at the
others. The English \'ice Consul at
Algiers is a Jew, named Ben Salmon.
His wife lives at Leghorn.

OcL 13. * came to me. I

had given him Tremellius’s Catechism.
He read it to about nine other Jews
who lodge in the same house. They
said it was not good, and were un-

rROCEEBlNGS OF THE LOUDON SOCIETY.

117

willing to hear more. To-day he
wished a Hebrew New Testament ; I
gave him one bound up with the Pro-
phets, desired him to compare the
prophecies with their fulfilment in
Jesus of Nazareth, and to point out
these things to his Jewish brethren.
This he promised to do. He told me,
it is now the feast of tabernacles,
that on the preceding night he had
been in the Synagogue from half past
ten until the morning ; and there were
2000 Jews assembled. I made some
enquiries about the manner in which
they keep the feast, but could elicit
nothing of importance. Booths, he
said, were erected in their houses, and
he offered to show me one. This offer
I accepted, and we went together to
the house of a Barbary Jew, where
several Jews were lying about in ex-
treme idleness. The booth was placed
on the roof, and fitted up with bam-
boos crossed, and the apertures filled
with myrtle. In this they eat and
sleep. Should it rain at night, they
consider it fortunate, and compare the
drippings of wet, which fall through
the booth, to the manna in the wilder-
ness. The men only are permitted to
enter ; women, as inferiors, being ex-
cluded. I said, in passing from the
booth, the time is fast approaching
when you will keep the true feast of
tabernacles in Jerusalem. My Jew
seemed pleased with the prospect of
doing so, but the other took no
notice.

Oct. 14. — I had some interesting

conversation with * on the all

important doctrine of justification by
Faith. 1 endeavoured to show what
the Lord requires in order to our ad-
mission into heaven, viz. perfect
righteousness. This we cannot have
in ourselves, because we are born in
sin ; neither can we obtain it by our
own efforts, because “ there is no man
who liveth and sinneth not,” and con-
sequently our actions render us not
righteous, but unrighteous. There-
fore we must look from ourselves to
Christ, who perfectly obeyed the law,
and brought in everlasting righteous-
ness, which, being placed to the ac-
count of true believers, renders them
acceptable to God, and entitles them

to the joys of heaven. But forasmuch
as we have sinned, the penalty of
transgression, which is eternal death,
has been incurred ; Divine justice re-
quires the punishment of sinners.
We are, therefore, in danger of endless
misery. From this Christ hath re-
deemed his people. He suffered, the
just for the unjust, to bring us to God.
By his death upon the cross, he paid
the penalty due to our sins, and made
complete satisfaction to Divine justice.
His sufferings and death are the atone-
ment for our souls, which all the an-
cient sacrifices prefigured. But you
rou-st believe in Jesus Christ, in order
to your enjoyment of the benefits
which by his obedience and death he
hath procured for sinners. You must
be truly sensible of your lost state by
nature, and of your many sins in
thought, word, and deed. For these
you must be sorry in your heart, and
then forsaking all dependence upon
yourself, and giving up every other
hope, you must trust entirely, with all
your heart, to the obedience and
atonement- of Jesus Christ, for salva-
tion. This is faith, and it is produced
in the soul by the influence of the
Holy Ghost. You must, therefore,
pray earnestly to God for his Holy
Spirit, that you may be born again,
and become a partaker of the faith of
God’s elect. To this explanation of
these precious truths the Jew listened
with much attention, and repeatedly
expressed his entire concurrence. —
May God impress these things upon
his heart, and make him a real disciple
of Jesus !

Oct. 20. — Symptoms of an alarm-
ing character which had appeared
for some weeks, during which I re-
sisted the indisposition which I felt,
0%'ercame my strength, and obliged
me to keep the bed. For more than
a fortnight fever raged with such vio-
lence as to render all hope of my life
vain. But it pleased God to' re-
buke the dangerous malady, and to
spare me a little longer ; so that at the
end of a month my recovery was anti-
cipated ; and now, Dec. 21st, I have
to acknowledge with gratitude tliat
this anticipation is in a great measure
realized.

118

PROCEBDIXGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

GERMANY.

EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM MR.

J. D. MARC.

The following extract is taken
from the letter of Mr. J. D. Marc,
dated Frankfort, Dec. 4th, 1824.

Matters appear to draw nearer and
nearer to some decisive event, when
the Jews who are friendly to Christian-
ity, will exert some leading influence
on the opposite party. I have been
requested by some of them to compose
a confutation cf a certain verbal tradi-
tion, which is in circulation among the
Jews ; and when it is published, they
promise to come openly forward in op-
position to the bigotted party, and to
call the rabbins to account, several of
whom, it is said, would not be dis-
pleased with such a step.

In presenting this extract to our
readers, we deem it necessary to
observe that other agents and cor-
respondents of the London Society,
have frequently expressed them-
selves in terms as sanguine as Mr.
Marc, anticipating great results,
which they consider close at hand.
We think we should not be justi-
fied in withholding this fact from
our readers ; but it is our de-
cided opinion that these warm-
hearted writers are far too san-
guine. It seems to us that this is
the seed time only, and that there
can be as yet no rational ground to
expect the harvest. The work
we have in hand derives no advan-
tage from these ardent anticipa-
tions ; and the disappointment of
hopes thus raised may cause the
love of many to wax cold. We
have daily evidence that the work
is actually in progress ; but the
vast extent of the field to be culti-
vated, and the disproportionate
number of labourers, make it evi-
dent that many years must elapse
ere the seed can well be scattered
through it.

DOMESTIC.

ANNIVERSARY OP THE CHICHESTER
AUXILIARY SOCIETY.

The Annual Sermons were
preached at St. John’s Chapel,
Chichester, on Sunday, the 30th of
January, that in the morning by
the Rev. C. S. Hawtrey ; collection
1 4Z. ; and that in the evening by
the Rev. Win. Marsh, collection
81. Sermons on the Jewish sub-
ject were also preached by them at
two other churches, but without
collections.

On Tuesday, the 1st of Feb.
the Annual Sleeting w'as held at
the Town Hall. The chair was
taken by H. Plumtree, Esq., and
the resolutions were moved and
seconded by I. Marsh, Esq. and
the Rev. Messrs. Hawtrey, Simeop,
Jacob, Bliss, Sargent, Raikes, Bar-
but, and Horne. Collection at the
doors, 14^.

On Wednesday the 2d, the de-
putation proceeded to Romsey,
w'here a meeting was held in the
evening at the Town Hall, for the
purpose of forming an Association
in aid of the Parent Society, which
was numerously attended. The
Right Hon. Sir George Rose kindly
took the chair on the occasion, and
accepted the office of President of
the Association. The following
officers and committee were also
appointed

The Worshipful the Mayor,

Rev. John Ford, Curate of Romsey,

Rev. John Lewis, Curate of Tims-
buiy,

Wm. Footner, Esq.

W. Sharp, Esq.

J. Beddome, Esq.

Mr. Godwin Withers,

Mr. Charle.s Godfrey,

Mr. Wheeler,

Mr. Doswell.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON SOCIETY.

119

The Resolutions were moved
and seconded by Rev. C. S. Haw-
trey, and Bradley Winter, Esq. ;
Rev. C. Simeon, and J. Beddome,
Esq. ; Rev. J. Crabbe, and Mr.
Aldridge ; and the Rev. W . Marsh,
and C. S. Hawtrey. The collec-
tion at the doors was 14^.

FORMATION OF AN AUXILIARY SO-
CIETY AT GUILDFORD.

Our friends proceeded to Guild-
ford on Thursday the 3d, and the
Rev. C. Simeon preached a sermon
in aid of the cause in the evening,
at Stoke Church, Rev. Mr. West,
Rector, to a numerous congrega-
tion: collection 13^. 5s, 5d. On
Friday morning, the 4th, a Meeting
was held at the Hospital, for the
purpose of forming an Auxiliary
Society for Guildford and its neigh-
bourhood. Henry Drummond,
Esq. of Albury Park, kindly pre-
sided on the occasion. The meet-
ing was numerously and respect-
ably attended. Resolutions were
moved and seconded in the follow-
ing order, by the Rev. Messrs.
Cole and Hawtrey, R. Wolfe, and
C. Simeon, W. Marsh and H.
M'Neile, James Mangles, and H.
Stow'er, Esqrs., Wm. Haydon, and
J. Shebbeare, Esqrs. We have
the satisfaction of adding the ap-
pointment of the following gentle-
men as officers of the new Aux-
iliary.

Patron.

The Right Hon. Lord Onslow.

President.

U. Drummond, Esq.

Treasurer.

William Haydon, Esq.

Secretary.

The Rev. H. M'Neile, M.A, Rector of
Albury.

Committee.

Rev. Messrs. Wolfe, Cole, Thomas
Haydon, Esq., Joseph Haydon, Esq.,
J. Smallpiece, Esq., J. Shebbeare,
Esq., with power to add to their num-
bers.

The collection at the Meeting
was 13Z. 3s. 3d. and the subjoined
donations and subscriptions have

been received.

Donations.

Right Hon. Lord Onslow 10 10 0
James Mangles, Esq. . 10 10 0
Hon. Col. Onslow ..500
Mrs. Delap ....500
Miss Gibson .... 1 0 0

Subscriptions.

Rev. C. Jerram ...100
Rev. W. H. Cole ..100
Rev. H. M'Neile ...100
S. Shebbeare, Esq. . . 1 0 0

Rev. S. Griffith ...100
Mrs. A. Onslow . . . 1 o 0
Miss Mangles .... 0 10 0
Collections.

By Rev. Mr.B. Wolfe, at

Crawley 2 14 8

By Mrs. Haydon . . . 7 9 lo

NOTICE.

Two Sermons will be preached
at the Episcopal Jews’ Chapel, on
Sunday, March 6th, in aid of the
Ladies’ Association for sending
Missionaries to the Jews. By the
Rev. Hugh M'Neile, M.A., Rec-
tor of Albury, and Chaplain to the
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

In consequence of the above Ser-
mons, the Lecture on the Types
will be deferred till Sunday even-
ing, March 13 th. Subject —

The Trespass Offerings.

A Meeting of the Committee for
the dismissal of three Missionaries
to the scene of their labours, will
be held at No. 32, Sackville-street,
Piccadilly, on Tuesday evening,
March 1, at seven o’clock precisely.

( 120 ).

CONTRIBUTION'S TO THE LONDON SOCIETY.

Friend of Israel, by Miss E. Walker

RicUford, Thomas, Esq. Caversham

Siincoe, Mrs. Wolford Lod«;e, Honilon ....(For Palestine Fund)

Two Sisters, by Rev. C. S. Hawtrey (Do.)

J. Vaillant, Esq. Montague-strcet, Russcll-square

Walker, Miss E. Gestingthorpe, further Profits from a Poem en-
titled “ The Months,” in addition to £4. 10s. paid

to the Guildford Association

York, late Mr. Richard, Kirlon, Lincolnshire, deducting Legacy

Duty and evpences

Chichester, by J. Marsh, Esq

Colchester, Society, by C. Boutflowcr Esq.

For General Purposes 203 1 6

Heb. Old & New Tests.. . 27 13 10

Palestine Fund 17 17 11

Foreign Schools & Miss. . 15 18 1

by Mrs. Bingham

by A. Maitland, E-q

by Mrs. Lowe

by J. Hudson, Esq. jun. Don. of Miss

Brook, of Bridlington

Legacy of the late Mrs. Anne Jarratt, of
Sculcoates, deducting Legacy Duty ..

by the Rev. W^m. Bushe

by Rev. H. J. Ingilby

Launceston, Cornwall, by Miss G. Edgecombe

London : Clapham, by Jos. W'^ilson, Esq

Maidenhead, by Mrs. Bishop

Norwich Ladies, by Miss Hancock,

For Gen. Purp. deducting exp. 100 II 11

Schools 53 12 0

Heb. Old & New Tests. .. 112 0 10
Palestine Fund 63 15 3

Exeter Ladies’,
Gloucester Society,
Hereford,

Hull,

Do.

Ireland,

Knareshorough,

1 0 0
10 10 0
20- 0 0
2 2 0
3 15 0

1 10 6

44 0 0
60 0 0

264

1 1

’ 10

150

180

.330 0 0

Plymouth & Dcvonport, by J. H. Dawe, Esq 15 0 0

Reading, by .Miss Hoopi r, her Life Sub.scription . . 10 10 0

Sanderslead, Surry, (Rev. John Courtney, Rector,) collected after

a sermon by him 11 6 4

Scotland: Brechin Society for Jews and Missions, by Rev.

I. Saunders 8 0 0

Stansted, by Rev. E. Horne .. (For H. O. & N, T.) 24 0 8

Wilmington, Sussex, by Hev. R. P. Blake 15 0 0

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Textuarius on Dr. Kenuicott’s amendment of the English version of Isaiah,
ix. 3, has been received, and will probably be inserted.

Eloa's last letter, and A. O. have been received.

The donation of 101. from Mrs. Giftard, of Nerquis Hall, Chester, has been
received, and sUaII be applied as she directs.

A. S. ^enex’s last communication is received ; we will thank him to inform us
whether we have bis permission to abridge the remarks on Rabbi Crooll’s com-
munication, which he formerly sent us ; in its present form his paper is too long
for insertion.

For use in Library only

'*>01,^

1-7 v.lO

Jewish Expositor and Friend of Israel
Princeton Theological Seminary-Speer Library

1 1012 00314 8154

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