Full text of "The Jews of Illinois : their religious and civic life, their charity and industry, their patriotism and loyalty to American institutions, from their earliest settlement in the State unto the present time"

*vm^t&3%y

,fp& -

To the Reform Advocate Subscribers

I call your attention to my line ot special decora*
tions, with few flowers and a gorgeous display,
It takes original artists, which I have, and the
best that money can secure. 1 handle (he largest
quantity and choicest quality of cut flowers in
Chicago, and do the business, Never do I per*
mit myself to be undersold by my competitors
in the same line of goods. I will pie ass you, and
you will be pleased by giving me a trial order,
I know I can always save you 25 per cent. This
is my motto of doing business.

Northeast Corner Slate
Opp. Palmer Hguse

A, LANGE,,,,,FLORIST

TELEPHONE 2522 CENTRAL.

51 Monroe Street

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

241

Nothing Succeeds Like Success

Federal Lite insurance Gonanu

OF CHICAGO

The success of the FEDERAL LIFE has been phenomenal. It is an Illinois legal reserve
company with a cash capital of $150,000.00 fully paid. It is an institution organized on BEST
PRINCIPLES and conducted in accordance with MODERN METHODS. Its policies are
actuarially sound. Its methods are progressive and aggressive. Its rates are as low, and its
policy conditions are as liberal as consistent with safety and prudence.

Best Is None Too Good.

The FederaJ [offers only the best, writes all standard forms
of policies, participating and non-participating, Optional Life,
Endowment, Annuity, and Bond; also Provident policies with premiums payable monthly. Ita
Continuous Life Endowment Policy, copyrighted and written bv no other company, is the most
modern and attractive policy ever written. Literature furnished on application.

Capable Agents Wanted t following State Agencies: Marquette Bldg Chicago;

- - - - Mack Block, Milwaukee; Carew Bldg., Cincinnati; Hammond
Bldg., Detroit.

ISAAC MILLER. HAMILTON. President.
D. B. AINGER, Vice-Pres. and Treas.

Home Offices: MARQUETTE BUILDING. CHICAGO

J. C. DENISON, Secretary.
R. M. WILBUR.. Asst-Sec.

FRED L MECKEL

Manufacturer of

High Grade

| Business
j Waggons

PaJrvtmg

Repairing

j 67-71 E. 13th St.

j Between State St. and Wabaslt Ave.
| Telephone So. Chicago, 111.

242

T HE REFORM ADVOCATE.

Kabo
Corsets

102 Models of
Marvelous Merit

including 48 straight-front and box
effects. All creations of fascinating
grace and surpassing excellence.

Foremost in
Design, Accomplishment

and Finish.
Retailing at from $1.00 to $5.00

The Form R.ed\icing

KABO

that Gibraltar among Corsets, is yet the only
Corset in all the world that reduces a too
high abdomen without harm or discomfort,
and makes a straight front effect possible, so
that it is surely best for large figures.

Price of Form-Reducing (superb
English Coutil) $2.50

Bvist Perfectors

weakly imitated, remain the only garments that infallibly
create a faultless form, and mask every deficiency.

FO*R SALE A T ALL LEADING 'D'Ry GOODS STOKES
CHICAGO CORSET COMPANY

CHICAGO: 200 Monroe Street NEW YORK: 388 Broa.dwa.y

REFORM ADVOCATED

243

WHEELER & WILSON

Dewing PlacHines

ex-re the best for factory and family use

Th New

Hi$n speed Vertical Hook

is a power machine un-
equaled for Durability,
Range of Work. Qual-
ity of Stitch.

Special Machines

a.nd
Special Attachments

for all classes of cloth
and leather work.

Estimates given on
power plants complete.

THE NEW NO. 9

for household use is
twenty years in advance
of all others.

It ij tb* only locK. flitch
machine tvithout aj huttle

It sews one - third
faster and one-third
easier than any vibrat-
ing shuttle machine. It
makes a perfect, elastic
stitch on all materials.
Try one and be con-
vinced.

Wheeler & Wilson M'f'g Co.

72 and 74 Wabash Avenue

Chicago

DAYLIGHT PRISMS

They Light Your Dark Rooms.
Make Them Bright and Cheerful.
Prices Made So You Can Afford to Buy Them.

Head What One of Many Thousands Say:

OFFICE OF

MAURICE R08ENFELD
76 Fifth Avenue

Chicago, June 9, 1899.
Daylight Prism Company,

Chicago, 111.

Gentlemenn : I enclose you check for bill rendered,
which please receipt and return to me.

The Daylight Prisms which you installed in my
building. 76 to 82 Fifth Avenue, for the offices occupied
by the County Assessor's office, are a success in every
sense of the word, and particularly unique in design, and
I cannot speak too highly of the results obtained, as they
far exceed anything which your president claimed for
the Daylight Prisms.

I congratulate you upon your success, and your
business methods are to be approved most highly.
Very truly yours,

MAURICE ROSENFBLD.

You are invited to ca.ll or write for information
SEND FOR CATALOGUE:

Daylight Prism Co.

1114 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago

Electricity

the Light ^Problem

Keep abreast of the times and use elec-
tricity to light your home and the office.
Electric Fa.ns, a summer luxury at
small expense. New and novel effects in
ornamental and decorative lighting-.
Absolutely safe, no danger of its explod-
ing, igniting costly curtains or draperies,
or asphyxiating any member of the family.
We supply the current for lighting or
power. A postal card to this office and
our representative will call.

CHICAGO EDISON CO.

EDI30N BUILDING
Phone Main 1280 139 Adams St., CHICAGO

Established 1885

. C. Loomi'j

Tel. Harrison 1957

Commercial and Architectural

3hotographer

Pioneer of
Commercial

Glace
PKotog r a. p Ks

331-333

Wa.ba.sh Ave.

Corner
Congress Street

Mammoth 14 Foot Freight Elevator

f lease send postal and oar Agent tviil call
WE WAJVT y OVR 5

24-i

REFORM ADVOCATE..

"Safe as 1he 'BanK. of England"

No money proposition can be safer. The security is absolute. But suppose you add
the Bank of France, and the Imperial Bank of Germany and the Bank of Russia.
There you have the four great banks of the World. Security heaped on security.
Yet the united ca.pita.ls of all of them is but little more than half the
urn held for the payment of its policies by the

MutuaJ Life
Insurance Company

of New York

RICHARD A. McCURDY. President

Bank of England,
Bank of France,
Imperial Bank of Germany,
Bank of Russia,

Total,

$ 86,047,935
36,500,000
28,560,000
25,714,920

$176,822,855

Assets of the Mutual
Life, $325,753,152.

On the 31st of December, 1900, the cash assets of the United States government, including the
$150,000,000 of gold reserve, were $290,107,072, or $35,646,080 less than the assets of the flutual Life
at the same time.

The Mutual Life is the largest, strongest, and most progressive Life Insurance Company in the world.

Its policies are without technicalities, their provisions are liberal, their variety meets every requirement of
investment or protection, they provide insurance at the lowest possible cost consistent with security and mutual
interest. The vast business of the company is conducted solely for the benefit of policy holders. Every cent
of the profits is theirs.

Income for 1900, $60.582.802.31

PaJd Policy Holders in 1900, $26.361.863.83

Insurance e^nd Annuities in force, $1,141.497,888.02

During the 57 yea rs of its existence The Mutual Life Insurance Co. of New York has returned to

policy holders the enormous sum of

$540,497,810.44

No more profitable field
can be found by the man
of energy and intelligence
than to represent the
Mutual Life as an agent.

B. Carlisle*

Tacoma Bldg.

Chicago

REFORM ADVOCATE.

245

Any man choosing the Northwestern
may feel confident of three things: first,
that his money is safely and honestly in-
vested; second, that he will receive fair and
honorable treatment; and third, that no
Life Company can do so much in reducing
the cost of life insurance or making large
returns on money invested as the North-
western. Sincerely yours,

PHILIP D. ABMOUB.

I 2

a o

8 -2

g s

11
8

a a*

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t> B.

rd M

3 |

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a $

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M -J3

-s

> t>

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a t

W .g

Old
Life

Age
Irvsura.nce

po<, orator or tage may tan of it.
Old age it ttill old age." Longfellow,

Yes, but how it mitigates the asperities if you have been wise,
and In earlier years provided yourself an annual income during
old age; thus saving yourself from being dependent on anyone.

Refrains from the Poets

WITHOT7T SUCH PROVISION

"My days are In the yellow leaf:
Toe flowers and fruits of love are

gone:

The worm, the canker and the grief
Are mine alone '." .Byron.

WITH SUCH PBOTIilOli

"Bat an old age serene and bright.
And lovely u a Lapland night
Shall lead thee to thy grave."

Wordsworth.

"When he 1 forsaken.

Withered and shaken, "The very staff of my age,
What can an old man do but Met" My very prop: and I will MM."
Hooa. Shakespeare,

Yes, It does make all the difference In the world whether you did
or did not. Shakespeare's reference to his annuity is touching.
A most excellent provision and the best thing obtainable in those
days. It takes however a large lump.some cash down to purchase
an annuity, while the new Policy Contract of the

Northtuestern Life

of Milwaukee, requires an annual premium equal only to a fair
interest on the principal sum. These new Contracts may be se-
cured in amounts from Jl.ilOO to $100,000, and secured by Cash
Assets and Surplus, J133.00 1,003.

The one single contract combines in itself these advantages:

Life Insurance for wife If you die 1
Endowment Insurance for yourself If you live I
Arvnual Income till you die !
Then Annua.1 Income to wife till she dies 1
Then full fa.ce amount to children 1

It is in all reRpects a flexible, business-like, comprehensive
contract. It is what you need to-day, and twenty years from to-
day. Send your exact nge to A. W. KIMBALL, General
Agent. C. 'D. NORTON, Associate General Agent. 8th
Floor Chicago Stock Exchange.

S. 8
if B

B >d

g; o o' g. P

P 1 g' S. P S i

S o- - m

^* QD p O ^* (D

K- S S I a S

S 1

B 2 B
c*-

l.i

.* 3'

8-g

e-i a a ff 1 1

< B P

p on

I ffg.f

I ' i 1 1 i

'UlSsI

<*S B P en fP c+

I have been a trustee of the Northwestern
Mutual Life Insurance Company for twenty
years. I have several times made an examina-
tion of its assets and investments, and know the
manner in which the company transacts its
business. There is not a more careful, conserva-
tive or safe company in the country than that. '
I have two policies in it, and would take more
if I could afford to carry them.

Yours very truly,

D. J. BREWER,
Associate Justice U. S. Supreme Court.

Was an excellent showing, and I congratulate
your company on being able to do so well for its
customers. No other company has done so well

for me.

Yours very truly,

E. BUCKINGHAM,
Prest. N. W. National Bank.

Turn REFORM ADVOCATED

D R. IN K

-/IkALTINE

OUR TONIC Strengthens a^nd Vivifies the

Entire Organism

A Fine Table Beer, Family Trade Supplied

TKe P. SchoenKofen Brg. Co.

Phone Canal 9

18th St. and CaLnaJport Ave.

Conraa $eipp Brewing Co/

Celebrated

Extra,

Sa.lva.tor,

Ba,va.ria,n

a.nd

Pa.tervt Stopper
Bottled

. Beers.

Mail and Telephone orders
promptly attended to.

Telephone South &69.

Kjeeley

Company

Lager Beer

Fool of 28th St. and Gro-Ocland farX.

Telephone South 3+9

REFORM ADVOCATE.

f. H. RICB SVtAl-TING

247

INDEPENDENT BREWING ASS'N.

586612
North

HalstedSt

ERNST BROTHERS, managers.

' When merit talks the world must listen '

It is conceded on all sides that the celebrated and popular
"BEERS" brewed and bottled on improved and hygienic
principles and known as

"Prima" and
"Burg Brau"

are unequaled as the finest table beers

PR.IMA TONIC

A highly concentrated extract of Malt, Sops and Honey. In-
valuable to nursing mothers; gives health and vigor to the
sick and convalescent.

Delivered Free to a.11 parts of the city.

WWV^WVVWWWWVV

THE FINEST PALE
BEER ON EARTH

YOU SHOULD TRY
A CASE AT YOUR
HOME

Telephone Monroe 44-

The Wackcr & Birk
Br'.g and M'lt'g Co.

vx v -v w w w wwww w

The Largest Malting Concern Now In the World.

The P. H. Rice Malting Company erected a magnificent new
malting-house last year, which in capacity placed it well to the
front among the great mailing-houses of the world. This fall they
have by the stress of business been compelled to contract for the
exact duplication of their plant, thus doubling their capacity.
Bith P. H. Rice and his brother, T. J. Rice, are veteran malsters,
having been in the business all their lives. They are most ably
seconded by William P. Rice, son of Mr. P. H. Rice, who has charge
of the entire works. Mr. Rice, jr., is thoroughly qualified for thii
position, having been carefully trained for years. He possesses
both a practical and a scientific knowledge of the business, being a
graduate with high honors of the Massachusetts School of Tech-
nology of Boston.

With their thorough knowledge of the business and their floor
capacity, they are enabled to produce the best malt In any market.
First-class malt must be bright, sweet and light colored. These
results are obtained by this company, first, by having the floor
space to spread the barley thinly while germinating and, second,
by drying the malt by fresh, warm air instead of over-heated air
which invariably browns the product. The new addition to their
plant will be finished next June. They will then have a capacity
to make 4,000,000 bushels of malt per annum. The elevators will
then hold, 1,500,000 bushels of barley. Even this will not be suffi-
cient, as they can today sell more malt in a month than they can
manufacture in a year.

BOXES BOUGHT AND SOLD

P. J. Welsh Box Co.

DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF

Boxes, Barrels, Casks,
Tierces, Etc

OPPI&E and YARD, 79-S1-83 Bast 12th Street

MAIL ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.
1315 State Street. CHICAGO.

ESTABLISHED 1884

STAR BARREL AND BOX CO.

...Dealers in...

Barrels and
Boxes . . .

Wabash Avenue
and Peck Court

W. P. HAPNBR, Manager
W. B.CRAWFORD, Salesman

248

REFORM ADVOCATE.

THE SAHLIN

Cultivates naturally ibe fashionable Straight Front Effect
and also the erect Hgure so much desired.

Sahlin Perfect Form and Corset combined

Pat'd July 26, 1898.

and Feb. 20, 1300.

Is Identified by having NO HOOKS. NO CLASPS, xo LACES, NO STRINGS, NO HEAVY
STEELS. Avoid Imitations and accept no substitutes. The Sahlin Perfect
Form ann Corset combined retains all the good and avoids the evil of tbe
ordinary corset. Nothing Is lost In style or shape. Bust will not cave In, and
therefore padding or Interlining Is avoided. The effect as here shown Is an exact
reproduction of a perfect form obtained only by wearing "THE SAHLIN;" no
corset Is necessary as It Is a corset and form combined. Approved and endorsed
DT physicians and health reformers. Only to be worn to be appreciated. Every
garment guaranteed. Made In corset coutll, white and drab. Also white sum-
mer Netting. Price 11.00 and II 50. ASk your dealer; IF he cannot supply von
order direct, adding 18 cents for postage. Write for free catalogue.

SAHLIN CORSET COMPANY

251 Franklin Street

CHICAGO. U.L.

atbograpbp

PUTS LIFE INTO YOUR
ADVERTISEMENTS

and Is the ONLY satisfactory process for the getting of
special color effects, bringing out all the finer details, and
absolutely true to life. Lithography is standard: it has
none of the uncertainty of experiment:

It Gives the Best Results.

We are specially equipped to execute your Booklet and Cat-
alogue Covers, Show-Cards, Posters, Labels, Calendars,
Office Stationery, etc. Our prices compare favorably with
any. We would like to show you samples of our work.

Send for our representative before placing your next or-
der. Good work means good advertising, that will make
you business.

Edwards, Deutsch & Heitmann

..LITHOGRAPHERS...

Telephone
Harrison 472.

194-202 South Clinton Street
...CHICAGO...

JOHN V. FARWELL
...COMPANY...

NOTIONS

WHOLESALE

DRY GOODS

CARPETS

WOOLENS

UPHOLSTERY

Monroe and Market Streets
CHICAGO

A few of My customers

in Chicago

Warner Bros. Corset Co.
Gage-Downs Corset Co.

Mandel Bros.
Carson, Pirie Scott & Co.

Siegel-Cooper & Co.
Schlesinger & Mayer,

The Hub

John T. Shayne

Chicago Cloak Co.

D. Lelewer & Sons

Phillipsborn

Anisfleld Co.

National Clothing Co.

Chicago Corset Co.

Detroit References

Newcomb & Endicott

Hunter & Hunter

Siegel Bazaar

Figures

Agent for the best manufac-
turers of Wax Figures and Paper
Mache Forms, and can furnish them at lowest trade prices.

I make a specialty of renting figures
for opening displays of Millinery, Dress-

making, Tailoring, etc., etc.

The Dressing of Corset and Display Figures a Specialty
Special Attention Given to the Repairing and

Cleaning of French Dolls
All Work Done Under My Personal Supervision and a

Guarantee That My Colors Will Not Fade
Estimates on all Work In my Line Promptly Submitted

Mrs. G. Oberlander, 40 D?rbo!

Telephone 8818 Central

Rooms 303-305

St.. Chicago

Turn REFORM ADVOCATES.

249

A STRONG HOME COMPANY

THIRTY YEARS OF PROSPERITY

CAPITAL
SURPLUS

, $50O,OOO.OO
$ 1 ,5 1 5,272.24

OFFICERS

E. BUCKINGHAM, President.

J. J. MITCHELL, Vice-President.

S. A. ROTHEKMEL, Secretary.

S. T. COLLINS, Ass't Secretary.
A. D. SMITH, 1. W. ROCKEY, Sup'ts of Agencies.
E. S. WHITTLESEY, Cashier.

Caterer

Weddings and Receptions

A Specialty

Pure Ice Creams

Fancy Cakes

Fine Table Decorations, Linen , Silvers
ware. Etc,, furnished,

Telephone Oakland 672
579 E. 43d Street, 722 E, 47th Street.

1845 RECORD 1901

The Mutual Benefit
Life Insurance Co.

NEWARK, N. J.
AMZl DODD, President.

Premium Receipts to January I, 1901, $215,271,971.95

Of this sum there has already been returned
to Policy Holders:

For Policy Claims 46.2 per cent., $99,381,402.82

For Surrendered Policies 12.8 " 27,598858.24

ForDividends 25.8 " 55,528,928.99

Total 84.8 per cent., $182,509,190.05

Leaving still in the Company's possession $32,762,78 1 .90

The Company's investments have yielded
sufficient returns to pay all Expenses and
Taxes, and still to add to the Policy Hold-
ers' Fund for the fulfillment of existing
contracts $41,548,686.35

Total Assets, Jan. 1, 1901, Market Values, $74,311,468.25

Strength. The Mutual Benefit's assets are over Seventy-four
Million Dollars: insurance in force is $278,171,436. It docs nu
foreign business

Earnings. The Mutual Benefits interest receipts during 1900
paid all expenses and taxes and added over $1,355,000 to its assets.

Mutuality. The Mutual Benefit paid in 1900 in dividends to
policy holders, over SI ,720,341 or SEVENTEEN PEB CENT of its
premium income for the year.

For Illustration or Agency address
Home Office, or

R. D. BOKUM, State Agent

Marquette Building, CHICAGO.

The effective way in which the
Jews care for their poor and suffering,
affords to other religions an example
worthy of emulation.

Munger's Laundry

Applies common sense to the busi-
ness of Laundering, and handles the
goods of its patrons in a careful,
painstaking manner, which is effec-
tive in producing good work.

LAUNDRIES!

2408-10-12 INDIANA AVENUE .

518-20 W. MADISON STR.EET

5203-05 LAKE AVENUE

SEE TELEPHONE BOOK
WAGONS CALL EVERYWHERE

250

THEI REFORM ADVOCATE.

Importers and Manufacturers

WHOLESALE & RETAIL.

S* ESTABLISHED 1888.

189 Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111.

M. SCHOSBERG. Manager.

Seal, Sa.ble, Mink, BrosvdtaLil e^rvd JPersia.n La^mb Garments
Our Specialty. V V V Best Facilities for Fine F\ir R-emodeling artd
Repairing. V V V Fur Storage. NgsgNgNgsg^NgsgNgNgvgNgvgx

Borden's Pure Wholesome Milk

Produced from HEALTHY
COWS, under the most hy-
gienic principles.

DO YOU KNOW that your
supply is free from Contamina-
tion, both in the country and
city?

TRADE: MARK.

Milk:

Food for the In-
fant; Nourishment
for the Invalid. Consumed
Daily by every member of your
family.

THF
I IIC

Mild
miLIX

has given the production of pure milk much careful study during the past forty-
three years, inaugui ating and enforcing principles at its dairies, located in the

wagon passes your door every day delivering.

Burden's (unsweetened and sterilized) Condensed Milk: Burden's Pure Bottled Milk: Borden's Rich Cream; Borden's Pure Fresh Buttermilk.
All Bottled and Hermetically Sealed in the country into Steam Cleaned and Sterilized Jars and Bottles.

627-633 EdSt 47th St.

Phones Oakland 5O3

546-554 West Van Buren SL

1081-1095 W. Ravenswood Park.

153 North Park Ave.

Monroe 8S6

Lake View 581

Austin 21

REGISTERED

These tra.de marks sttvnd for Superiority. "ELK
BRAND" and "Longley" Ha.ts are the best

LONGELY. LOW & ALEXANDER

TRADE MARK

CHICAGO.

THE RKFORM ADVOCATE.
A*

251

Removal Notice

TO OUR PATRONS:

In order that we may be able to give our undivided
attention to our large and growing family trade, we
have concluded to dispense with our retail establish-
ment, (wine room) and from May 1st, will transact
our entire business in our building,

222-224 E. INDIANA STREET

between N. Clark St. and Dearborn Ave. , where our
spacious cellars will be constantly stocked with the
choicest and rarest of Hungarian Wines which for
medicinal and table purposes are unsurpassed.

Orders by telephone or mail will receive the
promptest attention. Soliciting a continuance of your
past favors, we remain Very respectfully yours,

H. TALLERT 6. SON

P. S. In addition to our Hungarian Wines we also
carry a complete stock of Ehines. Ports and
Sherries of our importation. H. T. & S.

True F\imit\ire

The existence of a class of people not satisfied with
anything less than the best that can be made ia re-
sponsible for the creation of

Tobey

Ma.de

Fxirnitvire

Economical men and women, who do not SPEND
money but who INVEST it, cannot afford to buy
any other kind, because nothing else in furniture
offers such real value.

To all men the ideas of beauty and service appeal:
Add to the rarest natural grains of wood a marvelous
finish, and bu.ild furniture adjusted to every demand
of climate and artificial heat constructed to last a
century and yon have the Tobey Hand Made
Furniture, the kind which is true economy to buy.
To see our great store is worth a visit to Chicago.
Send for our free booklet it tells what Tobey
Hand Made means.

Tobey Fxirnitvire Co.

CHICAGO

10.000 PeJrs of Shoes

made daily in our factories

Life Means Progress

If you are a retailer, you appreciate
the necessity of keeping abreast of
the times. We are exclusive manu-
facturers of shoes and sell only to
retailers. You save the jobbers' ex-
penses and profit in buying directly
from us. We are near the tanneries
and near you. The saving in freight
charges is yours. Send for our cat-
alogue and have your name put on
our "Helpful Hints" list. ::::::

C. M. Henderson ^ Co.

Cor. Market a.nd Quincy St.. Chicago

CORSETS

Can be had in all of
the prevailing
shapes at prices from

$1 upward

Ask your dealer for
them. If he cannot
supply your de-
mands write to us
for catalogue.

GAGE DOWNS CO.

262-264 5th Ave, Chicago.

252

Turn REIKORM ADVOCATE.

BioMGRen BROS.* co.

Thomas & Smith

Stea.m and Waiter

Hearting

Ve t\ t i I

Wrought Iron Pipe, Fittings, Valves, etc.
Heating Specialties or all kinds.

16 North Canal Street
CHICAGO

The only Air Washing and Purifying Apparatus invented
that successfully cleans and purifies the air.

Kravit

Pra.cticaJ

Cutlers...

Importers and Dealers
of fine

Cutlery

202 S- Clark Street.
CHICAGO. ILL.

Practical Instruments suit-
able for gifts, high grfvde goods
only.

M. Schimmeyer

...Manufacturer of

HARPS

And Expert fLep&lrirvg
on V V ^

Pipe Orga.ns

Pia.nos

Violins

Gviitatrs

Zithers

Mevndolins

Music Boxes

Etc.

220 WABASH AVENUE

4th Floor

Telephone Harrison 1372

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

253

The crowning glory of life is HEALTH and STRENGTH.

Use Your Body
to Develop Your

No Mechanical Appliance
Whatsoever Used or Needed

I Increase your Shoulders,
Biceps, Chest. Limbs.
Reduce svrvd Increa.se yoxir
Flesh, relieve you of Nerv-
ousness, Constipation. Irx-
somonia. and all Stoma.cn
troubles arvd give you Per-
fect Form Perfect H.-;xlth.

SIMON'S

Natural

Development

System.

For Men

For Women

Individual Treatments only.

Send for Pamphlet.
Correspondence Solicited.

S. J. SIMON, Originator, Suite II07-II08-II09 Champlain Bldg,, 126 State St.

Treatments by Mail Also

Taylor

Market and Adams

Chi ctxgo

Manufacturers of
tKe celebrated

"Kingsbury"

"Taylor"

"King"

HATS

Send _ for catalogue
Apply for agency

PLAITING

ACCORDION AND KNIfE TUCKING,
CORDING, HEMSTITCHING, ETC.

Having modern high speed machines
and a corps of expert operators, we are
able to turn out your work promptly
and in first class style.

Special attention to mail orders

Linden & Stevens

Tel. Central 935

52 State St., Chicago, 1.1.

Reference, Cbas. A. Stevens & Bros.

HARNESS SADDLES PDLO GOODS
STABLE REQUISITES

CHAS. MEURISSE & Co.

f ' *

Telephone Calumet 2882
I7O4 Wabash Ave., Chicago; And Lake Forest, III.

PHOTO JEWELRY MFG. CO.

195-197-199 State Street, CHICAGO

Manufacturers, Jobbers, Wholesalers

Photo Buttons Photo Jewelry

Premium Novelties
Advertising and Campaign Buttons

Button Machines
-. Findings. Etc., 'Etc.

254

THAT'S IT!

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

The Greet! "Majestic"
MeJIesyblo Iron

eknd Steel Range.

Qires entire tatisfaction, because they are riveted, not bolted
(as others). All joints are tight. Heat water more quickly
for bath. Bake better. Use less fuel than any others.
Call and interview our range experts, or send for booklets.

REFRIGERATORS

To the "Majestic," add the Alaska. R_efrigera.tor to your
kitchen equipment and you will be happy. The warm air
from the provision chamber falls directly over the center of
the ice, making the driest, coldest and most p3rfect circula-
tion. It is the vital point of the Alaska Patent. No other
refrigerator has it. Prices from 86.73 up. Star Refrigera-
tors from 85.00 up. We build to order portable refrigerators
and cooling rooms for private residences, clubs, hotels, hos-
pitals, meat markets, etc. With over twenty-five years' ex-
perience, we guarantee results. Send for catalogues.
ORR 962

2931 COTTAGE, G-ROVt. AVEJVVE

Elias China Repairing Co.

v LOANING v

CHINA. GLASS. LINENS.
SILVERWARE. TABLES. Etc.

For a.11 occasions on short notice.

NEVERTOO I *TETb MEND*

....2132 MICHIGAN AVENUE....

Opposite Lexington Hotel

TELEPHONE 478 SOUTH

DAV/2) H. WEI*R,

.<. Caterer...

Than* South 1129

If you want to borrow China and Silverware
get my prices.

3O19 Michigan A-Ce. J J CHICAGO.

TABLE BY WEIR First Prize at Chrysanthemum Show, 1895.

THE. REFORM ADVOCATED

255

The J

Instantaneous
and Portable

Water Heater

Possesses merits never before attained by
any water heater, as you will discover
by reading the following:

This heater will heat water from 70 to 120 de-
grees in one minute and keep a stream of water
at that temperature running one gallon a minute.

Cooler water, if wanted, can be had by in*
creasing the flow.. Itcanbensed in the Bath-

* room, Kitchen or Laundry or wherever there is
gas, and can be moved readily from room to room,

as all connections may be made with rubber hose
W / &s shown in the picture.

The Heater is hung on supports fastened to the
wall by four screws; with each heater an extra pair
of supp'.rcs is furnished free.

Within the Heater the water passes through a 40 foot coil of
1 inch brass tubing placed in a steel frame above a powerful
burner. As the water does not come in contact with the products of
combustion it is perfectly wholesome for cooking or drinking.
There is a place for a 4 inch flue connection at the top, to be used if desired.
The burner can bo pulled out to heat 'the room. When burning under
the coil the water absorbs all the heat.

The Heater is small and com part, about one foot square, and just one foot high.
' The water connections can be made at either end. This heater will burn man-
ufactured, natural and gasoline machine gas in ordering state the kind to be
used. With gas at $1.00 per 1000, it costs but 2 cents to heat enough water for a bath.

In addition toils adaptability to Bath-room, Kitchen and Laundry Uses, it is invaluable because of its prompt-
ness and efficiency, in the Sick Hoom, Hospital, Barber Shop, Office, Restaurant, Drug Store, Buffet, Laboratory,
Luncli Counter, Surgeon's office, the Nursery and for Dentists' use, as well as many other places.

Three six foot lengths of cloth insertion rubber tubing and one reducer (to attach to gas fixture) are furnished
with each heater. Any one can attach it. It can be set on floor or stand if preferred. Every one guaranteed.
LOWEST PRICED WATER HEATER ON THE MARKET.

our dealer doesn't have the "Jewel" send to us and we will see that you are supplied. Illustrated

The Chicago Chronicle

The best "Daily fletvs paper!

Altvays publishes all the netets !

Alterays preserves the best moral tone I

Al&rays the favorite family netarspaper!

Altvays the best for business and industrial men I

Al&jays shotvs profitable returns to advertisers!

It is a twentieth century netvspaper for all the people !

HJDMS, Grsrs,

S;c.

A SPECIALTY
Telephone No. 2756 Main

THE REFORM ADVOCATED

Educators

This pa.ge contains a.dvertise-
ments of some of Chicago's
Leading Educators whom the
Reform Advocate recommends
to its readers a.s reliable.

Chicago Auditorium Conservatory

THIS institution offers unexcelled advantages for the study of Music in
all its branches, Elocution, Modern Languages, Oratory, Physical
Culture, Delsarte and Stage Training. Private and professional
courses. Pupils may enter at any time. All Concerts, Lectures, Recitals,
and Dramatic Entertainments free to students of the Conservatory.

Frederic Grant Gleason, Director Roy Arthur Hunt. Acting Manager

AUDITORIUM BUILDING
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE SENT FREE

Telephone Harrison 1910

RUSH

MEDKAL (OLLEfiE

In affiliation with the
University of Chicago

Organized 1837

The academic year of the Rush Medical Col-
lege Is divided Into lour quarters, correspond-
ing with those recognized with the University
of Chicago. They are designated as Summer,
Autumn, Winter and Spring Quarters, begin-
ning respectively the first of July, first of Octo-
ber, first of January, and first of April, each
continuing for twelve weeks. A recess of one
week occurs between the end of each Quarter
and the beginning of the neit following. In-
struction in all departments of medcine will be
riven in each quarter.

The general course of Instruction requires
four years of study in residence, with a mini-
mum attendance upon three Quarters of each
year. A student may begin his college work on
the first day of any Quarter, and may continue
In residence for as many successive Quarters
M he desires. Credit will not be allowed, how-
ever, for more than three successive Quarters.
At least 45 months must elapse between the
date of a first matriculation and the data of
graduation.

For further information, address correspond-
ence to

Rush fledical College, Chicago, III.

Watson's Institute

SHORTHAND and
TYPEWRITING

648 Garfield Boulevard

(W. 55th Street)

CEO. WATSON. Prln.

It will pay you to attend a private school
where you will get individual attention, and
more thorough instruction than in crowded
colleges. Save time and money. Write for
catalogue. .......

SARAH SABOLSKY, Ass't

Telephone Harrison 1736

Mrs. H. Harshman

Retouching Studio

Instructions Given

Auditorium Building
Room 91

CHICAGO

STANDARD
TEXT- BOOKS

FOR SCHOOLS. ACADEMIES
AND COLLEGES : : :

TH LATEST AND BUST TEXT-BOOKS m ALL
BRANCHES OF INSTKUCTION. : : : : :
SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND CIRCULARS.

NEW YORK
CINCINNATI
CHICAGO

AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY

521-531 \V ABASH AVB., CHICAGO

American Method of Singing

MARY M. SHEDD

Selrvway Hall.

CHICAGO

This method develops voices into tones
the same with which Pattl, DeEeszke,
and all great artists were born.

Sand for Bookie;

VOUNG -MEN AND YOUNG WOMEN

Who are preparing for a life of usefulness and look-
Ing forward to a profession, or a successful business
career, will find

THE WALLACE J- J
COMMERCIAL COLLEGE

52 DEABHOKS ST., CHICAGO, a stepping stone that
they cannot well afford to omit, opening tbe way,
as It does, to a self-earned course In law or medicine,
or to lucrative employment In the business world.
Tbe school Is prepared to do all that It claims.

H MSh School of music.
H hi$h School of Elocution.

HAHMONr, THEORY. SCIENCE, ART AND GENERAL CULTURE.
Sight Singing, Unite*! Composition, Iformtl Training,
Conducting UMurn, BteluU, ConMrl*.

DR. HENRY SOUTHWICK PERKINS,

DIRECTOR.

An /UuitrateJ Catalan*
Mailtd (D).

Number 11.
MAY 4 1901.

-' HE

REFORM

ADVOCATE

rrxicicifiLKX

i ic A x x :r

...WE OWN AND OFFER...

$485.000 United States of Mexico
Government 5 per cent Gold Bonds

SPECIALLY SECURED BY EXPORT AND IMPORT DUTIES. AND FREE
FROM ALL MEXICAN TAXES, PRESENT AND FUTURE.

The bonds are in coupon form, engraved in English, Spanish,
French and German, and are payable principal and quarterly
interest coupons in United States Gold Dollars at our office,
or at the office of J. P. Morgan & Co., New York; ^.Iso in
London, Berlin, Frankfort, O.-M., and Amsterdam. They
can be readily converted into cash in this country or abroad,
and we recommend them as a safe investment and as the
cheapest bond on the market.

PRICE 100 AND ACCRUED INTEREST; NET 5$,

OTIS, WILSON * Co.,

...BANKERS...

182-84 La Salle Street The Temple CHICAGO.

258

THE REFORM ADVOCATED

LEONARD MANDEL DRY GOODS CO.

218-226 THIRTY-FIRST ST., near Indiana Ave.

of \7nderlzvear and Hosiery
ts complete in e^ery de-fail. An inspec-
tion Refill convince you o_f -this _facl.

Charge Accounts solicited.

Tel. 2791 Calumet.

Japanese Curiosity.

COMPRESSED AIR CARPET CLEANER

We are the only compressed air carpet cleaners in this city the only
perfect compressed air carpet cleaners in the world. The machinery and
equipment of our Chicago plant will cost about $30,000. Our Carpet clean-
ing machine is a wonder. They go in one side dirty and come out on the
other side thoroughly cleaned and aired with

NAP RAISED, COLORS BRIGHTENED, NOTHING FRAYED OR TORN

The American Pneumatic Carpet Gleaning Go,,

Telephone, Monroe 14-96.
Cor. Lake and Carpenter Sts., CKica go.

roy Caundry Jflacbincry

OUR LINE IS THE LARGEST, BEST AND MOST COMPLETE.

We make a spec-
ialty of Steam Dry-
ing Closets for
apartment houses
and flat buildings.
Catalogues upon
application. j> ' j*

San Trancisco

Chicago

new York

"A characteristic which has been po-
tent in the modernizing of Japan is
that insatiable curiosity, an intense
desire to see and understand anything
new. While the present day Chinese
attitude is tnat of contempt for any
beings or institutions not evolved in
China, the Japanese are eager to know
of everything connected with our form
of civilization, and to adopt it if -it is
good. Sometimes their great recept-
iveness and power of imitation and
adoption, lead them to adopt innova-
tions which they afterward find it
wiser to discard. Hence the accusation
of fickleness. A perusal of Japanese
history shows that the people have
ever progressed by impulses, by ac-
tion and reaction, and that in the end,
good judgment seems to become su-
preme. The foreigner traveling in
Japan is soon made aware of the qual-
ity of curiosity. On every railroad
platform he is surrounded by a crowd
of people who, with their mouths as
wide open as their eyes in their effort
to lose no detail of interest, regard him
slowly from head to foot, and comment
upon him amongst themselves the
while. These people may have seen
hundreds of foreigners they may see
them every day but they continue to
act as if they had never seen one be-
fore. I visited some Americans in
Tokio who had lived in the same house
with the same Japanese neighbors for
about a year. Yet each time that we
went out to drive, the people in the
little Japanese house nearby would
rush to their windows and stand there
watching as eagerly as a small Yankee
at the circus. This happened every
day. It is always posible to tell whe-
ther a foreigner happens to be in his
garden, for a good-sized crowd of Ja-
panese gathered about the gate an-
nounces the important fact. I gave sev-
eral talks and lectures to school chil-
dren and young men and women in
Japan. They were interpreted, I, of
course, speaking in English, so that
half of the address was understood by
only a few. Yet I have never seen
audiences more absolutely attentive.
Not a word was lost, and the same
concentration was shown while I was
speaking as when the interpreter was
turning it into Japanese. Little school
children boys and girls sat drinking
everything in, with their eyes popping
out of their heads until I had finished.
I never nattered myself that this was
due to the fascination of my discourse,
but merely to the great curiosity of my
audience, their power of concentration
and their receptiveness." Anna N.
Benjamin in Ainslee's.

THE REFORM

259

Wickes' Refrigerators

Porcelain-lined Inside and outside, or oak exter-
iors, are now for the first time offered to pri-
vate families. Can be had In all wi/>s. Tncy
easily pay for themselves In the Raving of ice.
The leading packing houses every where reeogr-
nlze Wickes* system as the acme of perfection
inrefrtgerators and all their refrigerator cars.
This Is the best test of their merit.

HONE BILLIARD TABLES

We make Billiard Tables for private home use a
specialty. The table asillustrated above 86. with
our guarantee that It Is equal to any of our $200
tables for playing purposes. A smaller size, $65.
adjusta

By means of the
table is readi
library table.

table top which we supply, this
table is readily converted into a handsome dining or

SOLD ON EASY PAYMENTS.

Catalogue showing different size tables on application and
we will mail book showing 100 new "shots" on receipt of 80
cents. Address

Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co., Dept. D, Chicago, III. Branch oncost Hew?ort, Cincinnati.

' ' I St. Louie, San Francisco.

ft SflrFE PLftGE, /T SM/YLL COST

TO KEEP YOUR

BANK BOOKS,
TAX RECEIPTS,
DEEDS, NOTES, BONDS

AND OTHER VALUABLE PROPERTY IS THE

Illinois Trust Safety Deposit
Co.'s Vaults.

j La Sillo Ct. 4 Jackson Blvd. BOBEBT EOVD, Manager,
STORAGE FOR TRUNKS AND SILVERWARE AT REASONABLE RATES.

HART & ^RANK,
MORTGAGE BANKERS

I28-I3O WASHINGTON STREET.

MONEY LOANED ON CITY REAL ESTATE, VACANT OR IMPROVED. LOWEST RATES.

FIRST COLD MORTGAGES FOR SALE.

Established 1871.

First-Class Work Only.

THE PHILIPS <& OSBORINE

Carpet Cleaning and Upholstering Works.

MATTRESSES RENOVATED AND MADE.

2551 Wentworth Avenue. 461 East Forty-Seventh Street,

Telephone South 300. Telephone Drexel 6142.

Reception: a Socially

Telephone
Oakland 672.

679 E. 48d STREET*
7B2 E. 47th STREET.

Pure Ice Creams.
Fancy Cakes.

"IF AT FIRST YOU DON'T SUCCEED," TRY

SAPOLIO

FOREIGN NOTES.

The famous Synagogue of Toledo,
which for several centuries past has
been used as a church, is to be re-
stored as a Jewish house of prayer.
The Synagogue was erected under the
government of Don Pedros, of Castile,
in 1357, at a time when Jewish schol-
arship in Spain had reached its high-
est. After the expulsion of the Jews
the building was converted into a
church. Recently a commission, ap-
pointed by the Spanish Academy of
Science and Arts in Madrid, has re-
ported in favor of it being once more
transformed into its original purposes.
The Hebrew inscriptions, many of
which are still in excellent condition,
are to be preserved, and excavations
will be undertaken for the purpose of
finding the Beth Hamedrash and other
rooms. Ex.

Although Italy is a Catholic country
the Jews in Florence enjoy unrestrict-
ed social and political liberties. Its
synagogue is one of the finest in Eu-
rope, and its rabbi, Dr. Margulies, is
one of the most highly esteemed of
Florentines. Here on the beautiful
banks of the Armoanti, Semitism is a
thing wholly unknown. The superin-
tendent of police is a Jew, and many
other lucrative and honorable offices
are held by Jews. Florence is one of
the most progressive cities in Italy,
and it cannot be gainsaid that the ab-
sence of anti-Semitism has had much
to do with this advancement. Ex.

About two years ago a Jewish ia-
stitution was established in Paris to
assist young girls in finding employ-
ment as teachers, in commerce and in-
dustry, and to provide with a home,
until they obtain employment, such
ladies as have no relatives or friends
in that city. The institution has
proved a great success, 400 persons
having been assisted to procure a
livelihood. The temporary home has
become inadequate for the den-.auds
made upon it, and a second house has
been rented. Among the contributors
toward the maintenance of the borne
fivhich is available for foreigners as
well as for French women) are Bar-
oness Salomon de Rothschild, Mm.
Rothschild brothers and the Alliance
Israelite Universelle.

FOR OVER FIFTY YEARS

An Old and Well-Tried Remedy. Mrs
Winslow'a Soothing Syrup has been
used for over Fifty Years by millions of
mothers for their children while Teeth-
ing, with perfect success. It soothes
the Child, softens the Gums, allays all
Pain; cures Wind Colic, and is the best
remedy for Diarrhoea. Sold by druggists
in every part of the world. Be sure and
ask for Mrs. Winslow'e Soothing Syrup
and take no other kind.

Twenty-Five Cent* Belli*.

260

THIS REFORM ADVOCATE.

EDUCATIONAL.

M. SCHIMMEYER,

. Manufacturer of

..HARPS..

and expert repairing on Pipe Or*

ifan*i. I 'latins, Violins, Guitars,
Zithers. Mandolins. Music Boxes,

etc - 220 Wabash Ave.,

4th floor. Ti.ephone Hirrison 1372.

The

Gregg

Shorthand

School

A simple, sensktlf
modern system; no
(hading or position
writing. v

Write or call for
catalogue.

Tuition-

Day or Evening

57 WASHINGTON ST

College of Caw

LAW Department of Lake Foreit University.

Hon. Thos, A. Moran, LL, D., Dean.
Three year course leading to degree LL. B.
Sessions each week day evening. For further
Information, address Secretary,

ELMER E. BARRETT, LL. B.,
tf 01 Title and Trust Bldg., CHICAGO

HOSPHATE-CALISAY

COMPOUND TABLETS

Efficacious in Nervous troubles, and
affections of the Liver. In constipation,
flatulence, gastric irritation, or fer-
mentation, it will be found to go to the
seat of the trouble. Unlike other prepara-
tions it is not a palliative or corrective, but
arouses the dormant juices of the liver so
they will secrete, thereby causing the food to
be properly assimilated. *
A FOOD FOR BRAIN WORKERS.

IN ALL FORMS or NCRVOU* TROUBLES IT WILL BC
FOUND TO ALLAY AND CURC, BUILDING UP

ALL NERVE CENTERS.
Phosphate Caltsaya Co. Chicago, Aug. 12, 1900.

Have always recommended to alt my friends your Phos-
phate Caltsaya Compound. It is the best thin? 1 have ever
used for Liver and Nervous troubles. 1, A. NEWSOME.

with White Sewing Mch. Co.

Price.. ..Small size, 50c Large size. $1.00.

ISend your address and we will send you sample I
package, postpaid, with absolutely no expense. |

FOR SALE BY
ALL DRUGGISTS, or CAN BE MAILED

Phosphate Calisaya Co,,

362 Wabash Ave., Chicago.

M. WALSH,

Livery and Boarding Stable

I 30-1 22 TWENTY-FIFTH ST.

Bet. Prairie and Indiana Aves.
The l.atrNt In Rabbr Tire Hansom Cabi

Carriage* and Broughams.
Telephone SOf.'TH ISO.

D.T.JOHNSON

Express Storage and Van Co,,

3505 Cottage Grove Ave.

Storage Warehouse, 17 Bryant Ave.

FURNITURE MOVER

Baggage checked to all depots,
two-trips, Daily at 9 A. M. and 3
P. M.

Telephone. Oakland 717.

MATTERS MUSICAL.

CONDUCTED BV MAURICE ARONBON.

D. H. S. Perkins gave a concert in
Medina Temple (A. F. and A. M.) at
Oak Park last Saturday evening by
six juvenile performers from the Chi-
cago National College of Music. Mas-
ter Harry Dushoff, soprano, thirteen
years of age; Master William McCon-
nell, fourteen and the Mozart String
Quartette: Hazel G. Welsh, first violin;
Wayne Osborn, second violin; George
Hall, violin and Ralph Hall, cello, as-
sisted by Miss Ethel Stillwell, soprano
and accompanist and Miss Maude M.
Campbell, the brilliant piano student
of the college. Master Harry and Wil-
liam sang solos and the duet "Robin
Ruff and Gaffer Green." These young-
sters have fine voices and are well
received wherever they sing. The
string quartette plays with remarkable
accuracy, and each one is also a solo
performer of considerable merit. It
is interesting to see young people de-
veloping their musical talent so early
in life. The Mozarts are pupils of

A concert of far more than passing
interest was the popular four o'clock
concert on Sunday afternoon at the
Studebaker by an orchestra of 50 mu-
sicians under the direction of Theodore
Spiering, assisted by David Bispham,
baritone. Mr. Spiering has been known
for many years as a violinst of most
excellent attainments and as the leader
of the popular string quartet bearing
his name. Of late Mr. Spiering's am-
bition has been in the field of con-
ducting, and it is but just to state, that
with the results of the concert of Sun-
day last he has at once and for ever
set aside any doubt as to his ability to
conduct a large orchestral body. If
the impressions of Sunday last and his
recent appearance in Milwaukee as a
conductor do not deceive, Spiering is
destined to wield a baton in the near
future over a body of musicians wor-
thy of his talent and his ambition.
There is a movement on foot to make
the Sunday four o'clock popular con-
cert a permanent feature of the next
season and it is to be hoped that the
new management of the Studebaker,
headed by the able and popular Louis
Francis Brown, will succeed in making
these concerts a lasting success. Mr.
Spiering is the right man and the only
one in Chicago who has a right to as-
pire to the position of conducting these
concerts.

Herr Ludwig Gero of Grosswarden,
an important town in Hungary, has
been appointed chief of police. He is
the only Jew who holds so high a posi-
tion in that district.

EDUCATIONAL.

Maurice Aronson

> ii f Auditorium Bldg.

rianiQt \ (Tower. 140t

IfllllMifrnisir.PPTSj
Recitals : musicales .- Cccturw

For the past four years chief asssistant J|
LEOPOLD GODOWSKY in the Chicago COM
servatory of Music. Instruction along the pear,
gogical ideas and methods originated by the k&
ter. Technic and interpretation. *

Four Competent Assistants. Wrltefor Circul'

DVORAK

DRAMATIC SCHOOL

Klmball Hall, 243 Wabash Ave., Chicago
Acting, Elocution, Physical Cultu
Oratory, Fencing. Catalogue mailed

Edward Dvorak, Director

MRS. LEOPOLD WEIL'S

Boarding ?nd Day Sehoo)

F"0a OIIiL.3.

109 and III West 77th Street. New York

Thorough Preparation for Colleges

School Opens Sept. 26, 1900.

Chicago
College of
Commerce,

63d STREET
& YALE AVE.

This inst itut ion
ranks with the lead-
injf commercial col-
leges of the country.
It offers courses in
Commerce, Business,
Finance, Stenogra-
phy, Typewriting,
Penmanship.

Young people seek-
ing to prepare them*
selves in a short time
for a good position in
business will find
here unsurpassed
facilities. Students
may enroll at any
time for a f ull or a
partial course.
Send for catalogue to

GRANT ORR,

President.

ROBERT PELZ,

VIOLIN MAKER,

301 STEINWAY HALL,
17 VAN BUREN STREET.

Artistic Repairing a Specialty

ALL WORK GUARANTEED.

DR. H. IN. MEYERS

SCIENTIFIC OPTICIAN.

Call and have your eyes thoroughly examined
with tae latest appliances. Popular Prices. Ex-
amination Free. Dr. H. N. Meyers, feH E. Wash-
inirton St., with Clapp A Cowl, Jewelers.

KINSLEY'S

105-107
Adams St...
Ladies' Restaurant, 2d floor.

Newly Decorated and Furnished.

Schildkret'i Orchestra, 6 to 12 p. m.
Special attention given to After-Theater Suppers

Table d'Hote, Cafe 5:30 to 8 p. m . Ji.oo.
German Restaurant, - - Hani's frrcbestrs.

REFORM

261

CELINE

IMPORTED MILLINERY
4652 Grand Blvd.

CHICAGO.

CARPET CLEANING

Fine Carpets, Rugrs. etc., cleaned, repaired, re-
laid, etc. Perfect work; colors restored and will
not fade; prompt service, lowest prices. Send for
estimates; all work guaranteed, and all gotxJs in-
sured while in our possession. Phone Main 133.

IMPERIAL CARPET CLEANING CO,

C. K.. JVicholj. Mgr.

Main Office, I2OI Stock Exchange Bldg.,
HO La Salle St., Chicago.

DO YOU

Most Headaches come from eye strains. 1 give

the most scientific examination of eyes

and correct all defects

CONSULTATION FREE

Dr. C. D. Strow,

Ophthalmologist.
1516 MASONIC TEMPLE.

BRAUNSCHWEIGER

'CAFE'

H. SPECKMANN, Proprietoi.

JE" Braie Delicatessen

EVERYTHING OF THE BEST.
637 FORTY - THIRD STREET,

Bet. Indiana and Prairie Aves,

Meals at all Hours. Telephone, Oakand 480.

A Telephone

In the House

permits instant speech with all
the tradespeople with whom you
deal enables you to converse
with THEM at the office and store
at pleasure.

A Modern Convenience,

A necessity in everv complete home.
Business and Residence

Telephones I6c Per Day -"p 1 !

The new measured service costs only
ior outgoing calls. Ask us about it.

PKirarfn Tolonhrmo Cn f<"*tr*rt Prpjirimpnt,

^.mcago i eiepnone 1,0., tiaitJSSmC

Superstition and Folklore of the
the South.

During a recent visit to North Caro-
line, after a long absence, I took oc-
casion to inquire into the latter-day
prevalence of the old-time belief in
what was known as "conjuration" or
"goopher," my childish recollection of

which I have elsewhere embodied into

a number of stories. The derivation of

the word "goopher" I do not know, nor
whether any other writer than myself
has recognized its existence, though it
is in frequent use in certain parts of
the South. The origin of this curious
superstition itself is perhaps more
easily traceable. It probably grew, in
the first place, out of African fetichism,
which was brought over from the dark
continent along with the dark people.
Certain features, too, suggest a dis-
tant affinity with Voodooism, or snake
worship, a cult which seems to have
been indigenous to tropical America.
These beliefs, which in the place of
their origin had all the sanctions of re-
ligion and social custom, became in the
shadow of the white man's civilization,
a pale reflection of their former selves.
In time, too, they were mingled and
confused with the witchcraft and ghost
lore of the white man, and the tricks
and delusions of the Indian conjurer.
In the old plantation days they flour-
ished vigorously, though discouraged
by the "great house," and their po-
tency was well established among the
blacks and the poorer whites. Educa-
tion, however, has thrown the ban of
disrepute upon witchcraft and conjur-
ation. The stern frown of the preacher,
who looks upon superstition as the ally
of the Evil One; the scornful sneer of
the teacher, who sees in it a part of
the livery of bondage, have driven this
quaint combination of ancestral tradi-
tions to the remote chimney corners
of old black aunties, from which it is
difficult for strangers to unearth them.
Mr. Harris, in his Uncle Remus stories,
has, with fine literary discrimination,
collected and put into pleasing and en-
during form the plantation stories
which dealt with animal lore, but so
little attention has been paid to those
dealing with so-called conjuration,
that they seem in a fair way to dis-
appear, without leaving a trace be-
hind. The loss may not be very great,
but these vanishing traditions might
furnish valuable data for the sociolo-
gist, in the future study of racial de-
velopment. In writing, a few years
ago, the volume entitled "The Conjure
Woman," I suspect that I was more in-
fluenced by the literary value of the
material than by its sociological bear-
ing, and therefore took, or thought
I did, considerable liberty with my
subject. Imagination, however, can

A. FLESHAM

UNDERTAKER

GRADUATE

PHILA. TRAINING SCHOOL
FOR

EMBALMER

Personal Service
I>ay and Night.

t en-

clorsementH of

Philadelphia

Rabbis.

529 E. 47th St. 'Phone Prexel 7593

SUPERFLUOUS HAIR

Moles, Birthmarks, Red Nose,
Pimples, Skin Diseases, Dan- '
druff and Scalp Affections
cured. Book free.

Hew York Electrolysis Co., m
1118 Masonic Temple. CHICAGO. ILL

MitcKell &

a aifors,

36 Monroe Street, Chicago.
Palmer House.

IYIADOCQUE

Imported Millinery.

574 East 43d Street,

S. E. Cor. Calumet Ave.

Formerly with Mandel Bros.

We furnish everything
complete and make you
a stylish costume after
the latest Parisiennes'
modes, strictly man-
tailored, from

$50 up.

or you can furnish your
own (foods and we will
cut, trim and make you
costume from

$18 up,

Perfect fit and work-
manship jfuaranteed.
Samples and selfmea-
surement blanks mail-
ed free to any one on
application.

Joseph Husak
Merchant Tail-
oring Co.,

192-194 Madison St.,
Cor. 5th Ave. , Chicago.

Established 1875.

The Goold Storage House

AND

Safe Deposit Vaults,

J. E. GOOLD & CO., Proprs.

STORAGE

FOR FURNITURE,
PIANOS, ETC.
Goods Packed for Shipment.

Fire and Burglar Proof Vaults for Silver-
ware and Valuable Goods.

2219-2221 Cottage Grove Ave.

Tel. 1222 South.

iim

262

REFORM ADVOOATR.

The Best Shoes for Women.

SorosU Shoes have ninny Imitators they have no equals. They fit and wear perfectly are
stylish and comfortable. "A perfect shoe at a popular price," S3. 50 never more never
less. The Sorosls Shoes are distinctly unrivaled, and are sold In Chicago exclusively by

SCHLESINOER & MAYER. State St. Annex.

P. D. MADIGAN & CO.

Importers and Retailers of DRY GOODS.
183, 185, 187, 189 and 191 THIRTY-FIRST STREET.

THE BOULEVARD PRY GOODS STORE.

DRY GOODS AND GENTS' > WplfplH &

FURNISHINGS. . . . . < W ClieiU Ct

558-558 EAST FORTY-THIRD STREET.

157 STATE, STREET.

ON DISPLAY A COMPLETE LINE OF

STRAIGHT FRONT CORSETS.

FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC MODELS, correct in every
detail. We can fit any figure. All corsets purchased
from us kept in repair free of charge.

MUNGER'S LAUNDRY.

TELEHONE, SOUTH 1175.

OFFICE TOWEL SUPPLY DEPARTMENT

St. Louis, Mo., Kansas City, Mo.
Des Moines, la-

Fine Hand Work a Specialty.

2410 Indiana Ave., Chicago.

Borden's

UNSWEETENED, STERILIZED,

Condensed Milk

ABSOLUTELY PURE AND CLEAN

MILK AND CREAM

Also PEERLESS BUTTERMILK.

All bottled In the country at our own plants, Elgin and
Belvldere, 111., Into steam-cleaned and sterilized bot-
tles. Orders by mall or telephone will receive prompt
attention.

BORDEN'S CONDENSED MILK CO.,

Telenbone Oakland SOS Telephone Monroe 56

627-633 EAST 47th ST. 546-554 WEST VAN BUREN ST,

MERCHANTS' LOAN AND TRUST
SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY.

ADAMS AND CLARK STS. CHICAGO.

BOXES $3 PER YEAR AND UPWARDS.

AB80HJTEH.TT KlRB AND BUHOLAR PROOF SAFES.

FOB DEEDS, BONDS, SECURITIES, JEWELRY, SILVERWARE AND VALUABLES.

SEPAHATB VAULTS FOK STOKAGE OP LAKGE PACKAGES AND TRUNKS.

ALFREDiL. GOLDSMITH, Manager.

only act upon data one must have
somewhere in his consciousness the
ideas which he puts together to form
a connected whole. Creative talent, of
whatever grade, is, in the last analysis,
only the power of rearrangement
there is nothing new under the sun.
I was the more firmly impressed with
this thought after I had interviewed
half a dozen old women, and a genuine
"conjure doctor;" for I discovered that
the brilliant touches, due, I had
thought, to my own imagination, were
after all but dormant ideas, lodged
in my childish mind by old Aunt This
and old Uncle That, and awaiting only
the spur of imagination to bring them
again to the surface. For instance, in
the story, "Hot-foot Hannibal," there
figures a conjure doll with pepper feet.
Those pepper feet I regarded as pecu-
liarly my own, a purely original cre-
ation. I heard, only the other day, in
North Carolina, of the consternation
struck to the heart of a certain dark
individual, upon finding upon his door-
step a rabbit's foot a good omen in
itself perhaps to which a malign In-
fluence had been imparted by tying to
one end of it, in the form of a cross,
two small pods of red pepper.

Most of the delusions connected with
this belief in conjuration grow out of
mere lack of enlightenment. As prime-
val men saw a personality behind ev-
ery natural phenomenon, and found a
god or a devil in wind, rain, and hail,
in lightning, and in storm, so the un-
taught man or woman who is assailed
by an unusual ache or pain, some
strenuous symptom of serious physical
disorder, is prompt to accept the sug-
gestion, which tradition approves, that
some evil influence is behind his dis-
comfort; and what more natural than
to conclude that some rival in business
or in love has set this force in mo-
tion ? Charles W. Chestnutt, in Mod-
ern Culture Magazine for May.

The Hebrew Free Loan Association
of New York presents a brief report of
its activity during the three months
since its last annual report. During
the months of January, February and
March of 1901, 3610 new applications
for loans were filed. Out of these 719
were rejected, 2891 applications were
granted with loans amounting to $58,-
881 as follows: January, 1901, 803 per-
sons borrowed f 16,591; February, 1901,
972 persons borrowed $20,365; March,
1901, 1116 persons borrowed $21,915.
These figures illustrate how much good
can be done in this great metropolis,
helping from misery and poverty with-
out humiliation; it pictures to us that
there is a respectable class of people,
who can be helped and made to feel
their self-respect.

THE REFORM ADVOCATE,

263

TO THE MEN AND WOMEN OF AMERICA WHO HAVE HEARTS:
TO ALL WHO ARE INTERESTED IN CHARITY:

I am not ambitious to become a rich man; all I want is enough for a rainy day, and I
have almost enough now.
On the first day of May, 1901, I will open a HAT STORE, and I propose to give oneshaU
the net profits to charity, and I agree not to draw anything for my services, directly or indirectly.
The half donated to charity to be divided between the Masonic, Hebrew, Catholic and
Protestant needy ones in equal amounts.
In a few days I will name three prominent men and women to represent their respective
charities, they to appoint an expert to examine my books on the first day of April, 1902,
and they (not the expert) to decide to what charities the money shall be paid.
This is not for one year only, but to be continuous. Examination and payments to be
made every six months thereafter, and it is my intention to give, as soon as possible, one-
half of the profits of my Furnishing Goods business to the same cause. And I will not stop
at this. As the business grows I will give a still greater percentage to charity.
I am prompted to do this for two reasons:
FIRST I hope to leave behind me a well organized business, that will continue after
my death to pay the greater share of profits to the suffering and poor.
SECOND I trust that this example will be followed by others, more particularly, some
of our Chicago millionaires in the mercantile business; also the millionaires of other cities
in our great and glorious America,
/ always do as I agree.
With all sincerity, I am, Yours truly,

March 8, 1901. TOM MURRAY.
Jackson Boulevard, near Board of Trade,

THE MAGAZINES.

The contents of the May issue of
Everybody's Magazine are very varied.
They range from a superb character
study of Chief Croker of the Fire De-
partment, of New York, contributed
by Lindsay Denison, to a compilation
of opinions of prominent actors and
managers on "How to go on the
Stage," gathered by Franklin Fyles.
An admirable story of deer's life, "Ter-
ror," by Maximilian Foster, "Making
Rain by Electricity," a study of Elmer
Gates' curious experiments in Wash-
ington; stories of the newspaper world,
"Adventures in Newsgathering," by
Allen Sangree, a study of Mrs. Piper,
the famous medium, by Mary C. Blos-
som. The Novel Bequests, by Eugene
P. Lyle, Mrs. Kasebier's photographs,
J. P. Mowbray's "Making of a Country
Home" all will be found readable, en-
tertaining and informative.

The mere enumeration of the articles
and writers that appear in the
Woman's Home Companion for May is
sufficient evidence of the value of the
number without any word of comment.
"Memorial Day in the South," by Mrs.
V. Jefferson Davis; "The Countess von
Waldersee," by Mabel Percy Haskell;
"Two Meetings with Garfield," by
Clara Morris; "A vacation Tour in an
Old Street-Car;" "Woman's Part in

the Pan-American Exposition;" "Two
Odd Chicago Clubs;" fiction by Lillian
Bell, Leroy Scott and Onoto Watanna;
household articles by experts in every
department, and the usual number of
reproductions from great paintings.
Published by the Crowell & Kirkpat-
rick Co., Springfield, Ohio; one dollar
a year; ten cents a copy; sample copy
free.

"Two Bosses: Platt ana Croker" is
the leading article in Ainslee's for
May. The name of the author is not
given, but whoever he is, he knows his
subject well and handles it masterful-
ly. "The Men that Control Our
Railroads," by Earl D. Berry, is
a readable and important study of the
eight men that control the two hun-
dred thousand miles of railway in the
United States. "The Word to the Water
People," by Bliss Carmen, is an origin-
al poem, describing the advent of
spring in the depths of the rivers and
of the sea. "The New Japan," by
Anna Northend Benjamin, is a richly
illustrated study of Japanese life from
the viewpoint of a woman. "Rubber,"
by H. E. Armstrong, a well-written ac-
count of this enormous industry, con-
tains a graphic detail of tne dramatic
career of Charles Goodyear, that pov-
erty-stricken, ambitious Yankee to
whom all rubber millionaires are in
eternal debt. "Topics of the Theater"

is unusually well illustrated; and there
is a batch of exceedingly good fiction.
Of these stories the best are "Money
Maze,'' by O. Henry; "Laviny Saun-
ders," by Mary Sherburne; "The
Forged Suicide," by H. T. Gardner,
and "A Wall Tent Bewitchment," by
Gwendolen Overton.

Modern Culture for May is a maga-
zine for nature-lovers. "An Ohio May
Time" by Austin Matlack Courtenay
is a dainty bit of spring poetry full of
the rhythmic music of the May. "In
the Garden with Shakespeare" by Mrs.
E. A. Matthews, "Wood-Notes" by
Nora Archibald Smith (the sister of
Kate Douglas Wiggin), and "Birds in
Literature" by C. A. Urann form a tri-
ology of nature articles of enticing
interest to the lover of birds and trees
and flowers. A Nature Department be-
gins in this number also, and Mr. Or-
lando J. Stevenson in his "Rambles
Out of Doors" will take the reader
with him into the depths of his Cana-
dian wilderness through all his sum-
mer outing. "Some American Sculp-
tors" form the subject of N. Hudson
Moore's art article, while the Muse of
History is cultivated by Jane W. Guth-
rie in the first of a series of notable
articles on "Chillicothe the Cradle of
a Commonwealth" and by David Gar-
dyne in a sketch of "Daniel Boone in
Missouri." The historic Muse inspires

264

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

Established 1838

120 WABASH AVE.

Table China, Earthenware,
Hand Polished Cut Glass, Lamps,
also Art Pottery.

Bronzes and Lamps, Quaint
and Odd Decorative Plates,
Placques, and all the Latest Nov-
elties for the Breakfast, Lunch-
eon and Dining Table.

Wedding Gifts the most
complete assortment in the north-
west. Rookwood, Royal Copen-
hagen, Hawkes and Libbey Cut
Glass.

THE RIENZI. o * EM1L GASCH -

CONCERT EVERY EVENING AND SUNDAY AFTERNOON.
I BOO imrRBFY.BOTTT,FT4RI>. Cornftr Ewnsf-nn \v. n"l rio^v c *

J. M. Ooodell, Prescription Druggist

Cor, 45th St, and St, Lawrence AVI,

'KSIJKIPTIONS ACCCRATEIT AND CJ RKFCLI-Y COMPOUNDED.

Teiei: &

Oakland H82.

E. HOBBS,

GREENHOUSES, 3112-3114 INDIANA AVE.

A choice selection of Plants and Fresh Cut Flowers con-
stantly on band. Floral designs of every description.

..FLORIST..

PLANT DECORATION A SPECIALTY.

. . RUPTURE . .

Positive cure with my new improved Tiuss;
also all Deformities cured, as Spine Curved,
Bow Legs, Knock Knee, Weak Ankles, Round
Shoulders, etc.. We keep the largest stock in
Trusses, Elastic Stockings, Abdominal Sup-
porters, Crutches, Suspensory Bandages, De-
formity Apparatus, etc. The largest establishment of its kind in the
West. Wholesale prices. Competent lady assistant in attendance.
Attention given to crvjtomer personal!^- by

DR. ROB'T WOtFERTZ, Mfr. and Specialist for Rupture and
Deformity. 6O Fifth A ve., near Randolph St.. Chicago

AUG. OBERDIECK. . .Caterer

WEDDINGS, RECEPTIONS, DINNERS. ETC.

UNITY CLUB . . .

3140 INDIANA AVENUE.

TILZPHONE SOTTTH 1129.

IP YOU WANT TO BORROW

CHINA AND SILVERWARE

GET HY PRICES.

301 9 Michigan Ave., Chicago.

also Florence Estelle Little, the first
installment of whose illustrated serial
story "The Squire" a romance of the
.Underground Railway appears in this
number. Vivid description and a dash
of scientific interest give flavor to Cal-
van Gale Home's article Pen Pictures
of Three Eclipses," and a familiar
problem of science suggests the short
story "A Collection of Meteorites" by
the Editor. , jj- J

Paul Laurence Dunbar's new novel,
"The Sport of the Gods," is published
entire in the May "New" Lippincott
Magazine. This is by far the strong-
est and best fiction from a pen noted
for its humor and pathos. In addition
to the complete novel there is plenty
of good short fiction, varied in theme,
in the May '"New" Lippincott. A
story of Mexico, by Edwin Knight
Buttolph called "The Slavery of Mo-
ses," gives a glowing instance of man's
sacrifice for one he loves. "The Su-
preme Court of Love," by Julia Mac-
Nair Wright, is an amusing prose farce
in an apartment house. Jesse Van
Zile Belden's little story called "Tony"
has to do with the softer side of a
United States Senator. In this some
violets, a lovely woman, and innocent
little "Tony" are important factors.
The college tale this month is in hon-
or of Chicago. It is called "The Head
Marshal of the University of Chicago,"
and is written by James Weber Linn,
assistant in the department of rhetoric
at Chicago. He has written other tales
of undergraduate life, but none to ex-
cel this lively one. Much has been
told about China, but nothing has been
written at once so dramatic and so
convincing in regard to missionary life
as the two incidents given under the
title "In the Dragon's Grip." They
are recorded by Frederick Poole, for
many years missionary, to whom and
his wife they befell. Mr. Poole is now
working among the Chinese in this
country. His signature in Chinese
characters at the close of the article is
typical. Poetry takes a forward place
in the May "New" Lippincott: "Can
Such Things Be?" a sonnet of rare fe-
licity, is by Madison Cawein; "The
Loss of the First-Boru," by Mabel
Thornton Whitmore. Edith M. Thomas
contributes "Masts in Harbor," and C.
W. Doyle, M. D., "The Two Brothers."
Willa Sibert Gather sings of "In Media
Vita," and Edmund Vance Cooke, "The
Tomb of Shakespeare." "The Monu-
ment" is a Memorial Day Poem by Dal-
lett Fuguet.

Bound volumes 19 and 20 of the
Reform Advocate are now ready for
delivery. Two vols. bound in one, $4.

THE REFORM ADVOCATED

265

Annual Meetlng'orjAnshaf Emeth
Congregation of Peorla, III.

The regular annual meeting of the
congregation of Anshai Emeth, of
Peorla, III., was held Sunday after-
noon and all the old officers were re-
elected unanimously. They are as fol-
lows: President, Samuel Woolner;
vice-president, David Ullman; secre-
tary, A. Raffman; treasurer, M. Sal-
zenstein.

Rev. Dr. Levy, who has been the
pastor of the congregation for the
past three years, was unanimously re-
elected for another term of three years,
notwithstanding the fact that he sent
in his resignation several days ago.
He is reported as still insisting on
leaving the city for other fields, it be-
ing said that he has received a call
that is very hard to decline, such ac-
tion upon his part being a great sacri-
fice.

At the meeting it was decided by a
unanimous vote of the congregation
that a committee of three be appointed
to use their best efforts to obtain the
consent of Dr. Levy to accept the re-
election. The chair appointed William
F. Wolfner, David Ullman and Henry
Schwabacher, and this committee will
wait on the doctor during the coming
week and endeavor to have him stay
'with the congregation for at least
three years longer.

Great stress was laid upon the grand
work performed by Dr. Levy during
his stay here. The model Sunday
school under his care and direction is
second to none in the United States.
His wise leadership has attracted a
large number of new members to the
congregation and his able lectures
have edified all his lesteners. Peoria
cannot afford to lose such a public
spirited minister and every effort
shoud be made to retain him in Peoria.

The report of the officers of the con-
gregation showed that the finances
were in good shape and that with the
aid of the ladies a large part of the
indebtedness, had been paid.

The firm of Sidney 'Wanzer & Sons,
dealers in high-grade milk, cream and
butter, 305 and 307 Thirtieth street,

RACINE

WJGOH ft CARRUGE Co.

365-361 W ABASH A?S., COBNEB

SABBISON mttT.

Telephone Main 3838

The Latest Styles High Grade
Carriages, Buggies and Wagons.

tlluntrnlf.it Catalogue

THE WISE SPEND MONEY FOR RECREATION, THE FOOLISH FOR DISSIPATION.

ARE YOU GOING TO WASTE****
YOUR SUMMER BY NOT BEING PRE-
PARED TO MAKE THE MOST OF IT?
YOUR OUTING WILL BE A FAILURE
IF YOU ARE NOT PROPERLY ** ** **
EQUIPPED. IT IS AS IMPORTANT
TO BE WELL PREPARED FOR PLAY
AS FOR WORK. ****************

GOOD TOOLS DO NOT MAKE**,***
******GOOD WORKMEN, BUT YOU
WOULD NOT GIVE A SOLDIERJTA
LEADEN GUN, NOR RIDE ON A TIN
BICYCLE YOURSELF IF YOU KNEW
IT. THERE ARE SOME THINGS****
THAT MUST BE PERFECT TO BE
FIT TO USE. ******************

A. G. SPALDING AND BROS.

NEW YORK.

147-149 WABASH AVENUE CHICAGO.

DENVER.

NOTHING LESS THAN A FIRST-CLASS
BICYCLE IS SAFE OR ENJOYABLE.
IT'S POOR ECONOMY TO PAY $35 FOR
$10 WORTH OF WHEEL, WHEN $50
WILL BUY THE VERY BEST, AND YOU
WILL NOT BE ASHAMED TO SHOW
YOUR FRIENDS THE NAMES COLUM-
BIA SPALDING^C LEVEL AND IMPE-
RIAL. ************

WHEN THE LARGEST HOUSE IN THE
WORLD IN ANY SPECIAL LINE PUTS
ITS NAME ON ITS PRODUCT, IT'S
"RIGHT." THE NAME "SPALDING"
MEANS PERFECTION ON SUPPLIES
FOR GOLF, BASE BALL, TENNIS, CRO-
QUET AND ALL PARAPHERNALIA
FOR RECREATION AND SPORT.

The Automobile Store

Electric, Steam. Gasoline Vehicles

Stanhopes, Drag*, Runabout*, Dondoj, Park Traps, Doctors'
Carriages, Brakes, Delivery Wagons.

Motor Cycles and Bike Wagons

Manufacturers' Supplies and Accessories of AH Kinds Furnished.
Expert Repair Men Constantly on Duty.

RALPH TEMPLE

293-295 WABASH AYE.

Harlem Jockey Club

HARLEM RACE TRACK.,

Commencing June 1O.

Six or More Races Daily.

Stake, Steeple Chase and other High-class Events.
ADMISSION, ONE DOLLAR.

FOR TIME TABLE AND PARTICULARS SEE DAILY PAPERS.

SPECIAL LOW PRICES AT

On \7p-to-date Styles
and "Best Quality
of Jackets, S"u/ts r

K^indly Gt'-tte u-r a
Urial and you

STATE STREET.

J.^ffetvman^Jr.

266

THE

ADVOCATE.

35c per

Pound.

Li W. HIMMEL, Proprietor.

$1:00

Formerly
Consumers Tea Co.

Coffee Roasted and
Delivered Daily.

46 Randolph St.

P. J. NORTON,

CONTRACTOR FOR %

Steam and Hot Water Heating:

and Ventilating.

By High or Low Pressure Steam or Hot Water Circulation.

ENGINES, BCHLERS, PUMPS, PIPE.
FITTINGS, BRASS GOODS, RADIATORS.
ASBESTOS MATERIALS, PIPE COVERING,
ETC. ALSO REPAIR WORK. J* <* <* J* J* 4*

Telephone Central 2658. g N, STATE ST., CHICAGO.

When You
Haven't A
Minute to
Spare

-She

MONO
ROUT

BETWEEN

CHICAGO

IND1
CINCINNATI

HAVE

4 TRAINS
DAILY

ctrv TICKET omee
aaa CLARK ST

DEPOT

DEARBORN STATION
CHICAGO

CHAS. PRETSCHOLD

Makers of

AWNINGS,
TENTS,

Horse and Wagon
Covers.

2963-65 STATE STREET,

Telephone South 282.

608 E. 63 D STREET,

Telephone, Oakland 1213.

Chicago, is composed of Mr. Sidney
Wanzer, Sr., and his two sons. The
business was first started in this city
in 1857 by Mr. S. Wanzer, Sr., and his
long experience makes him an author-
ity on all matters pertaining to this
business. Their trade has rapidly in-
creased, not from luck or chance, but
because of the purity and high quality
of their goods. Their plant is always
open to the inspection of visitors, and
family trade is especially solicited.
The milk is delivered to customers
right off the ice. They are now serv-
ing over 4,000 families per day. A
postal card will bring one of their
wagons to your door before breakfast
every morning.

Substitutes for the Saloon.

Whatever the effects of prohibition
may be on political agents, experi-
ence goes to show that a law aimed at
the evils of drinking generally over-
shoots the mark and hits feebly, if at
all, the manufacturing brewer. To
take the saloons away from a man
who wants to drink does not, in my
opinion, reform his views or make it
appreciably harder for him to get
what he wants to drink. In addition,
it does not take into account the man
who all his life has been accustomed
to the use of alcoholic beverages with-
out any visible harm to himself, his
prospects, or his family, and has a
tolerably well-grounded belief that it
is his right to do so if he chooses,
whether it is in the back room of a sa-
loon or at his own table.

One naturally turns, as public opin-
ion seems to be turning, from the
theory of prohibition to the question
of a substitute for the saloon, which,
shorn of its bad influences, will retain
the social features that appeal to
workingmen in their times of idleness
and relaxation. Considerations of this
sort, assuming that the saloon is the
workingman's club, and that environ-
ment and a desire for social satisfac-
tions drive or coax men to their drink-
ing places, is somewhat new, but al-
ready thinking men of the human sort
are discussing it, and it is along this

E.W.SILSBY,

Manufacturer of PLEATING, PINKING, TUCKING, CORDING, Etc

BUTTONS COVERED (Cloth and Ivory Rims).

CHICA60

uuiunuu

OFFICES' 18

III I IVLOi

WESTERN AVE

Davenport:

w - " * st -

Ryan's Blcck.

Sole Manufacturer of Silsby's Pleating and Button Machines, sold in all parts of the World.

THE REFORM ADVOGATR, ,267

A NEWS SERVICE

WITHOUT
PARALLEL

/ I A HERE) is ample justification for the claim made by THE
1 CHICAGO RECORD-HERALD that its readers enjoy every
day in the week, Sundays included, a news service that is without
parallel in range and completeness. The reason is obvious the
combination of the varied and extensive facilities of the two great
dailies, The,Chicago Record and The Chicago Times-Hearld. In ad-
dition to the independent news facilities of both papers, THE REC-
ORD-HERALD receives the complete news service of The New York
Herald, The New York Tribune and The Associated Press; and when
it is considered that its news columns are supplemented by all the spec-
ial features so popular in The Record and The Times-Herald it will be
seen that THE RECORD-HERALD holds a unique place among the
great newspapers of the United States. In the Sunday issues, especially,
the great advantages of the combination of all the resources and world-
wide facilities of the two papers united in the combination are
made manifest. The world's news is covered with unexampled
fullness, due to the fact that never before in the history of jour-
nalism did an American newspaper possess news facilities so varied
and extensive.

The circulation of THE CHICAGO RECORD-HERALD is
the largest very much the largest 2-cent newspaper circulation
in the United States.

268

THE REFORM ADVOCATE,

Spring Medicine

There's no season when good
medicine is so much needed as in
Spring, and there's no medicine
which does so much good in Spring
as Hood's Sarsaparilla.

Do not delay taking it.

Don't put it off till your health
tone gets too low to be lifted.

Hood's Sarsaparilla

Will give you a good appetite,
purify and enrich your blood, over-
come that tired feeling, give you
mental and digestive strength and
steady nerves.

Be sure to ask for HOOD'S, the
best medicine money can buy. It is

Peculiar to Itself

Bad Feelings In Spring -"In toe

spring I was feeling very badly. My blood
was very poor. I began taking Hood's
Sarsaparilla. It did me much good. I
think it is a wonderful spring medicine and
recommend it to all sick and suffering."
KTHP. L. Brui. Baton Center, N. H.

line that we may expect development,
at least in our large cities.

But one does not get very far in his
consideration of the substitute before
he encounters difficulties which bid
fair to create violent partisanship and
more or less feeling. You can substi-
tute for the saloon warm, comfortable
buildings, reading rooms, billiards and
pool games ad lib., but will your sub-
stitution of coffee or tea for beer at-
tract the men you want to reach who
insist on having beer? Are you com-
promising with the devil if you give
them beer? From "Saloons," by
Robert A. Stevenson, In the May
"Scrlbner's."

Why Jesus was Mocked as King.

Recently some data, largely from
papyrus finds, have come to light that
explains why it was that the soldiers,
after the condemnation of Jesus to
crucifixion, mockingly derided him as
king. The philologian and Philo-edi-
tor, Paul Wendland, in Hermes (Vol.
XXXIII), has drawn attention to the
custom of celebrating the Saturnalia
by the Roman soldiers by the appoint-
ment of a mock king, who was then
slain. Every year the festival of
Kronos, or Saturn, was celebrated, es-
pecially in the army. One of the num-
ber was selected by lot to act as king,
and upon him royal robes were placed,
and for a certain number of days this
king directed the wildest carousals of
his subjects, after which he was put
to the sword. Mock imitations of
these riotous celebrations of the Sat-

'Brand Food 'Products

Each -the Finest of its KJnd.

Prepared and Fully Guaranteed by

Steele-Wedeles Company,

Wholesale Grocers, Importers and Manufacturers.

If your dealer refuses to supply them ask us to furnish the
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urualia king were evidently a favorite
amusement among the Roman soldiers
in the c;.se of culprits who had been
condemned, and, according to the man-
ner of the times, were handed over to
the executioner as objects of sport, as
also in the case of other persons who
had incurred the displeasure of the
soldiers.

Philo narrates such a mock celebra-
tion on the part of the soldiers par-
ticipating in an anti-Semitic riot in
Alexandria, directed against King
Agrippa, to whom the Emperor Cali-
gula had given the tetrarchy of Philip.
A dirty Jewish beggar is taken from
the street to represent King Agrippa;
he is dressed up as a king, escorted
by soldiers, is the recipient of royal
salutations, while he, with a crown ou
his head, carries a stick picked up

from the street as a scepter, and then
is cast out. The description is almost
verbally the same as that of the mock-
ery of Jesus.

In the light of these facts, it is evi-
dent that the mockery of Jesus by the
soldiers of the cohort in the barracks
was a specimen of sport which they
were accustomed to engage in when-
ever they could. For them it was a
mock celebration of a festival of sport,
and Jesus was to them a Saturnalia
king. That just this was the favorite
sport in the case of one condemned to
death was natural. The Saturnalia
king dies as the earthly reproduction
of Saturn, who dies when his mission
has been fulfilled. Saturn was the dy-
ing god among the heathens, and him
who was the dying God of the Chris-
tians, the heathen mocked by imitat-

SAUCE

THE ORIGINAL AND GENUINE WORCESTERSHIRE.

All dishes, such as soups, fish, meats,
gravy, game, salads etc. are doubly
appetising and digestible when fla-
vored with Lea &Perrins' sauce.

BEWARE Of IMITATIONS.

StONATLrRr

On E.v,ry Bort ~

JohnDuncan'sStms

THE REFORM ADVOCATE,

269

The Store of Quality,

Scholle's occupies an unique
position among retail stores,

It Is the Largest Exclusive Furniture Store in this country

A store where nothing that is
not worthy in furniture mating
can hare a place, and a most
interesting place for people who
demand the best of ererything in
furniture making as in all else.
It will interest the readers of this
work, many of whose palatal homes
hare been furnished with

"Scholle's Good Furniture

A broad welcome awaits visitors who come to Scholle's, to gire
its Good Furniture Exhibit, leisurely and critical inspection.

H, E. SCHOLLE & COMPANY,

222 Wabash Ave. Sr/SSK CHICAGO, ILL.

FREDERICK
and L. M.

PARKER,

Accordion, Side or
Knife Plaitings.

Fancy Dress Plaitings
of All Kinds.

1 55 STATE ST,A CHICAGO.

FOR RENT

HOUSES

AND

FLATS

CALUMET AND FOREST AYES.,

Near 33d Street.

Strictly Modern; every con-
venience. Apply to

V, 0, SAN60RN,

Room 99

140 Dearborn Street,

Telephone Central 1692.

ing the cultus of their dying god.
Prof. Geo. H. Schodde, Ph. D., in Sun-
day School Times.

Wood carpet and parquet flooring
is not, as many people suppose, a
temporary floor to be laid down and
taken up at pleasure, but is a perma-
nent new floor on top of the old one,
carefully fitted and firmly! nailed down
with small brads, and when finished
has the appearance of a thick Euro-
pean floor. They are made up in the
various colored hard woods worked
in a hundred different styles and pat-
terns. The Chicago Floor Co., 155
Wabash avenue, this city, manufacture
their own goods, employing competent
workmen, and are pre-eminently in a
position to lay and finish new floors
and repolish old ones. A visit to their
show rooms will delight the intending
purchaser. Should any of our readers
be in need of any work of this kind,
drop them a line and they will send
a catalogue, or if desired an experi-
enced salesman.

The Acme Parquet Foor Company
are prepared to show special designs
in hardwood flooring and grilles. Es-
timates cheerfully submitted. They
have on hand a large supply of hard
wax and floor material. They will
also take your order for renovating old
floors. Address 4703 Cottage Grove
avenue, or call up Oakland 1015.

AS LONG AS WE ARE ENGAGED IN

botoptapbE

We shall continue to progress in

Artistic Excellence.

This year we are making permaner t

PLATINUM AND CARBON PHOTOS,

Exquisite MINIATURES, beautifully tinted, on
very. We also carry a line of high art novelties
in frames of all sizes. OUR PHOTOGRAPHS
are seen in the homes of all the first families on
the South Side.

3937

Drexel Blvd

'Phone Drexel 8562;

Varney

l'/if ojfraplier.

JjjITITTlIJ IIIITTTTTTTTTTTTV1

DR. ELKAN W. FISHELL, =

DENTIST

* I'D

mw<> tin

J448 WABASH AVE. M
CHICAOO

:iiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiini\

We might advertise It as a tonic, and you'd
pay more for It because you were buying
medicine. Because HOFBRAU costs only
what you'd expect to pay for a high grade
beer, is a.n additional reason why you should
have It. Delivered to your door.

SCHOENHOFEN BREWING COMPANY,
Phone: Ca.ua! 234. Burllnfton & 16th Sts.

270

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

$10,000

to be given
a. w a. y i t\

PRIZES

What Will *Be the Population of the
Dominicn of Canada April 1st, 1901?

Census noto being taf^en and completed by July 14-.

The first prize of $5,000

Every Subscriber to The Inter Ocea.n who takes advantage of
the following liberal offers will be given FREE GUESSES.

Our Offers:

Every one who subscribes for the daily and Sunday Inter Ocean for one
month, and pays in advance at our regular price, 75c, will be entitled to
ONE GUESS free. You may send in your subscription for as many months
as you wish, and you will be entitled to one free gness for every month's subscription paid in advance.

SPECIAL OFFER ON THE SUNDAY INTER. OCEAN

Every one who subscribes for The Sunday Inter Ocean for three months at our regular subscription price of 65c
will be entitled to one guess free. For a six months' subscription we will give two guesses, for a nine months' sub-
scription we will give three guesses, and for a twelve months' subscription we will give four guesses.

Headers who have their subscription paid in advance may take advantage of this liberal offer, and we will
extend their subscription from present date of expiration.

SPECIAL NOTICE TO STATE READERS

Send your orders direct to us with cash to pay for same. If you are at present taking our paper from any of
our State Agents, please state from whom, and, if paid in advance, give us the date. We will then notify the agent
for how long you have paid us in advance and see that his account gets proper credit for your remittance.
THIS OFFER. IS LIMITED. DO NOT DELAY. TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IT AT ONCE.

The Following Is a Fvill Explanation of the Guessing Contest:

We have made arrangements with THE PRESS PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION to enable our subscribers to
participate in the distribution of prizes, amounting to 810,000. The 810,000 is deposited in the Central Savings Bank,
Detroit. , Mich. , for the express purpose of paying these prizes.

VALUABLE INFORMATION

To aid subscribers ID forming their estimate we furnish the
following data of Canadian population;

Total
Year. Population. Increase. Perot.

1871 3,688,257

1881 4,324.810 635,553 17.23

1891 4,833,239 5'J8.429 11.19

The population for 1901 at an increase of 12 per cent over
the population of 1891 would be 6,413,227

(An increase of 579.988.)
At an increase of 15 per cent it would be 6,558,224

(An increase of 724,985.)
At an increase of 80 per cent it would be 6,799,836

(An Increase of 966,647.)
At an increase of 26 per cent it would be 6,041.543

(An increase of 1,208,309.)

RRIZES TO BE AWARDED AS FOLLOWS:

To the nearest correct guess 85,000

To the 2d 200J

TotheSd 700

To the 4th 300

To the 5th 100

To the 8th 50

To the next 12 nearest correct guesses $1" each, nm't'g to.. . 120

To the next 42 nearest correct guesses $5 each, am't'g to .. 210

To the next 100 nearest eoi reel guesses J3 each, am't'g to... 80J

To the next 380 nearest correct guesses $2 each, air.Vg to. . . 760

To the next 460 nearest correct guesses $1 each, am't'g to ... 460

Total, 1,000 prizes, amounting to J10.00J

In case of a tie, or that two or more estimators are equally cor-
rect, prizes will be divided equally between them.

^When you send in your subscription you make your guess. Be sure and write your
name, address, and guess as plainly as possible. As soon as we receive your subscrip-
tion we ( will fill out and send you a certificate corresponding to guess made by you, which will entitle you to any prize that
you may draw. Be sure to keep your certificate. We will file the duplicate with the Press Publishing Association.

SUBSCRIPTION BLANK

THE CHICAGO IKTEB OCEAN, Chicago, 111. :

You will find inclosed $ , for which please send me THE.

INTER OCEAN for months.

Name

Town

My Guess State

CASH MUST ACCOMPANY YOUR ORDER.

ADDRESS THE INTER. OCEAN CHICAGO. ILL.

THE REFORM ADYOCATE.

CHICAGO MAY 4, 1901.

THE REFORM ADVOCATE.

PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
IN THE INTEREST OF REFORM JUDAISM.

" EMIL G. HIRSCH, EDITOR.

BLOCK & NEWMAN, - - - PUBLISHERS.

204 Dearborn Street, Chicago.

Subscription Price,

$2.00 per Year

Entered at the Chicago Post-Office as Second-Class Matter. *

EDITORIAL PREFACE.

The editor in ordinary of "The Reform
Advocate" takes great pleasure in inviting the
readers to peruse the contents of this week's
issue. The work of gathering the data and
of putting them into shape was done by
Mr. Eliassoff. To him is due whatever credit at-
taches to the labor, as he is responsible for the ac-
curacy of the statements and the facts collected.
By some inadvertency the statement was permitted
to pass the scrutiny of the proof-reader, that the un-
dersigned had edited Mr. EliassofFs paper. This is
a mistake. Time and talent were both wanting to
undertake the task. On the surface it would seem
as though "The Reform Advocate," in publishing a
detailed account of the trials and triumphs of the
Jews in Illinois, had laid itself open to the just
criticism of inconsistency. For all along it has con-
tended that the Jews, their religion excepted, consti-
tute no distinct element in our population. They are
marked by the same traits and are under the im-
pulse of the same helpful or hurtful influences as are
the rest of humanity. "The Reform Advocate" does
not propose to abandon this, its fundamental con-
tention, but it has recognized the fact that as yet its
opinion is not generally accepted. Perhaps under
the circumstances now unfortunately prevailing the
round world over it is not a work of supererogation
to demonstrate the correctness of our thesis by in-
voking certain indisputable facts. Our columns to-
day speak most eloquently in corroboration of our
proposition. One who will read this issue with un-
prejudiced eyes cannot but come to the conclusion
that the Jews are not peculiar either in their virtues
or their vices. The experience of the pioneers of
our- Jewish communities has been none other than
that through which the pathfinders of other religious
organizations had to pass. The story of their strug-
gles or their gradual rise to 'comfortable affluence
can easily be duplicated by the records preserving
the accounts of the deeds, the failures and the suc-
cesses of early settlers in our State, whose religious
affinities bound them to the church, or whose opin-
ions perhaps led them to form no connection with
any creed or sect.

The Jews of Illinois have no cause to blush for
their record. They have done their full share in the

development of our beloved State. Many of them
took an active part, even if it was in a restricted
circle of influence, in the debates and discussions pre-
ceding the outbreak of "the inevitable conflict."
Many knew personally the great men who went forth
from Illinois to guide the nation and to fight its bat-
tles, and in the regiments that marched out in obedi-
ence to Lincoln's, Illinois' greatest son's, call there
were many whose ancestral faith quivered with the
traditions of remote Palestine. And as during this
fateful period, so in every crisis of our political life,
affecting the nation or the State, the Jews of Illinois
have been found at their post of duty. Only one
deaf to the truth and blind to its light may, in view
of these incontrovertible proofs, maintain that the
Jews lack in patriotism or fail to act in response to
the calls of a delicate and active civic conscience.

In commerce and the channels of industry the
Jews of Illinois have also demonstrated their in-
fluence. Many business houses witness to their en-
terprise and attest their integrity in the management
of mercantile ventures. Theirs has been a moderate
share of the rewards which come to honest and de-
voted labor. On the whole the Jews of Illinois have
again proven that the influences of Judaism make for
thrift, economy, temperance and independence.

In the domain of philanthropy the Jewish citizens
of Illinois have not been laggards. While, As their
co-religionists always and everywhere, contributing
to the maintenance of public institutions, under what-
ever denominational auspices, they have never
neglected to provide for the nearer needs of their
own dependent classes. In certain ways the Jews of
Chicago may claim the credit of having been among
the first to inaugurate the better methods according
to the truer standard of the new philanthropy in the
dispensation of relief or the provision for the educa-
tion of the young. The Michael Reese Hospital de-
servingly has come to be known as a model institu-
tion of its kind. The Jewish Manual Training School
is on an altitude attained by none other of its class.
It has won the recognition of educators throughout
the world, and the prophecy is certainly not too bold
that in very near years its system is bound to be-
come the pattern after which our public schools will
be re-constituted. The Jews of this city can proudly
point to the fact that they were the first to bring
about systematic co-operation among the various
agencies for the administration of the charities.

While writing these lines the report reaches us
that one, who for many years was prominently as-
sociated with the work of our United Hebrew Chari-
ties, has passed to his Heavenly reward. In the his-
tory of the Jews of Chicago Mr. Francis E. Kiss
will always hold a prominent place. In his hands
was, for many 3ecades, the direction of public assist-
ance as organized under the Hebrew Charities. He
brought to his task enthusiasm and capacity of a

5:72

REFORM ADVOCATE.

high order. Where he failed the blame was not his.
Laboring under peculiar difficulties, incidental to
those early days, and always more or less hampered
by limited resources, he did his utmost to mitigate
the evils which could not be remedied. None other
could have done better ; most would have done worse.
To his memory posterity owes a debt of gratitude
which cannot be paid in words.

Perhaps in the domain of Jewish religious thought
the Jews of Illinois occupy a position peculiarly their
own ; but this very fact demonstrates again the truth
of the proposition that Jewish life is, after all, only
a reproduction of the life of those with whom the
Jews come in daily contact. It is not merely in the
Synagogues that Chicago has wielded an influence
for greater religious liberalism. Our city is the
home of many so-called independent churches.
Professor Swing of blessed memory wasi a Chicagoan.
Doctor Thomas could nowhere else have found con-
ditions as favorable for his new development as he
did in our own city by the lake. Sinai Congregation
and the radical tendency pervading the Judaism of
Illinois generally is the effect in the same manner
of the telling influence of a broad and liberaliz-
ing spirit undoubtedly cradled in the broad
prairies of our State. Chicago is a cosrrio-
politan center. It extends hospitality to every
opinion honestly held and candidly stated. It

is hostile to bigotry, unhospitable merely to fanat-
icism. The Jewish community is characteristically
Chicagoan in this also, that whatever the opposition
and the bickerings, the distrusts and the denuncia-
tions which have assailed the positions of one or the
other teacher among us elsewhere, within this State,
and more particularly within our city, men of all
shades of religious opinions agree to disagree, allow-
ing each one to seek his own salvation as knowledge
or conscience suggests, but co-operating in all things
making for the better and the nobler life.

Fifty years is but a small measure of time. What
has been accomplished during this limited period is
an earnest of what the next century asks
us to bring about. If the spirit that inspired the
pioneers and the founders of our Jewish institutions
in this State will be transmitted to their sons and
successors, no doubt will ever lodge in open minds
that the unborn future will not be true to the achieve-
ments of the remembered past. With grateful recog-
nition of the debt which the living owe to those that
have passed beyond, in the joy that many of the
veterans are still among us to cheer us on while tell-
ing us of their trials and their triumphs, let us, hav-
ing learned of the past, turn our faces to the future,
determined to do our share as conscientiously as did
they who prepared the way for us, theirs.

EMIL G. HIRSCH.

A Card from the Publishers!

publication of this number of the REFORM
ADVOCATE, containing- the history of "The
Jews of Illinois" was unavoidably delayed for
a few days. We therefore beg the indulgence
of our friends and readers, and hope that the
contents of this edition will amply repay for the
disappointment caused by its non-appearance
on time.

BLOCH & NEWMAN.

Their Religious and Civic Life, their Cha.rity and Industry, their Patriotism and

LoyaJty to American Institutions, from their earliest settlement

in the State xinto the present time.

By Hermann EUassof .
Edited by Dr. Emil G. Hlrsoh.

INTRODUCTION.

The marvelous progress of the
American people and its rapid rise to
national importance and political power
have surely surpassed the most san-
guine expectations of the founders of
the independence of the colonies. The
ethnological and historical develop-
ment of nations is generally a very
slow process. The fathers of the Amer-
ican nation could only have measured
institutions and events according to
the standards established by time and
history, and the infant nation, the
child of the revolution of the colonies,
broke all the records of history and
the confines of time. The main cause
of these unforeseen attainments was,
without doubt, the constant influx of
a heterogeneous immigration, which
the young nation assimilated during
the years of its growth. The rare ad-
vantage of adding to the population a
continual current of mature elements
enabled the American people to speed
on eagle wings in achievements of
civilization, in national development
and in the attainment of political pow-
er. Each of the component parts of
the assimilated mass of immigrants
contributed its share of valuable
building material for the construction
of a vigorous national character, for
the rearing of ramparts in protection
of liberty and for the strengthening
of the edifice of equality. Each com-
ponent part helped to hasten the prog-
ress of the young American nation.

To the Jews of America must be as-
signed a place among the very best
and most desirable immigrants. The
Jew possesses the capability of assim-
ilation in a higher degree than many
other people. His appreciation of lib-
erty is keener and deeper, for his love
of freedom was born In the flames of
the auto-da-fe; his thirst for right and
his hunger for justice took firm roots
In the depths of his soul, in the dark-

ness of dungeons, during centuries of
cruel persecutions. Indeed, the Jew
fitted well in the new conditions of the
new world, and he quickly fell in line
with the builders of the free American
institutions, American civilization and
commercial and industrial power.
Peddlers though many of them
were, in the first years of their
settlement in America, the Jews at
once upon their arrival rendered val-
uable service to the undeveloped coun-
try. As the Jew trudged along on the
highways and by-ways of the new
world, with his heavy peddler's pack,
he carried civilization and commerce
from the large cities, the market cen-
ters, across the vast prairies, over the.
steep mountains and through the wild
woods, to the rural towns, to the ham-
lets and villages, to the isolated log
cabins and to the lonely farm houses.
Wherever he passed, the Jewish pio-
neer left a message of the new life
which was unfolding itself in the
cities; of the new industries which
were established in the land and of
the general progress of the nation. He
brought hope and encouragement to
the lonely laborer on the outskirts of
civilization, and the recluse toiler
worked with a new-born ambition and
brighter prospects. So the Jew helped,
often perhaps unconsciously, to widen
the clearings in the forest primeval
of the new life, to spread the bright
light of the broader thought until it
penetrated into the narrow sphere of
the children of nature in field and for-
est, on the high hill top and in the
deep valley.

But they were not all peddlers. The
American Jew has made his mark in
the history of the country of his
adoption. The history of the revolu-
tion, the civil and the Mexican wars,
and later of the Spanish war, tells the
story of the patriotism, the loyalty
and the 'bravery of the American Jew.
On the battlefields of the American
nation, wherever Old Glory floated in

the breeze, leading the American sol-
dier to victory or to a patriot's death,
were heard the footsteps of the Amer-
ican Jew, as he marched along side
by side with his American brothers,
in the ranks, or as officer and leader,
and like all the rest he willingly shed
his blood and gave his life for the life
of his country. Nearly 8,000 Jews
served in the civil war and 4,000
fought against Spain.

It cannot be denied that the advent
of the Jews in noted numbers in the
new Republic was a severe test of the
value of the American constitution
and the sincerity of the young nation
in its promise of liberty and equality
before the law to all comers. Before
the arrival of the Jews in large num-
bers, the young American people, the
austere principles and the stubborn re-
ligious convictions of the pioneer Purl-
tans still fresh in its midst, had to deal
almost entirely with an immigration
consisting of members of a kindred
race and of sects and factions of a
common church. The Jew came as
the scion of an alien race and as an
adherent of a religion considered by
the world as a living protest against
Christianity, the religion of nearly all
the inhabitants of the young Repub-
lic. The American constitution was
only a few years old, while the preju-
dices against the Jew, social and re-
ligious, were hoary with the age of
centuries. But the constitution tri-
umphed, the young American nation
established 'before the world its faith-
fulness to the teachings of true liber-
ty and the life of the American Jew
demonstrates more convincingly every
day that the bitter accusations of his
enemies have absolutely no foundation
in truth.

When the history of the Jews of the
United States of America will be writ-
ten, it will positively prove that the
Jewish genius asserted itself to the
benefit of the country of his adoption
wherever and whenever it found fav-

284

REFORM ADVOCATED

orable opportunity. For many decades
the Jews arrived in the new world In
very small numbers. There may have
been a few secret Jews, Spanish Ma-
ranos, with Columbus. Dr. Kayserling,
the noted writer on the history of the
Spanish and Portuguese Jews, claims
that there were five Jews in Colum-
bus' fleet. The entire register of the
men who sailed with Columbus has
been lost, but a great many of the
names of the men who sailed with him
have been recovered and among them
are undoubtedly five Jews. The inter-
preter whom Columbus took with him,
Luis de Torres, was a Jew. A nephew
of the Treasurer-General of Aragon,
Sanchez, was delegated to go with Co-
lumbus by the special request of Queen
Isabella. The surgeon of the ship was
a Jew and there were two other Jews
upon the ship. Some few Jews may
have arrived, from time to time, from
Brazil, Barbadoes, Jamaica, Spain and
Portugal, who settled in New Amster-
dam (New York), in Newport, Rhode
Island, the Roger Williams Colony
and in Charleston, S. C.* But the in-
flux of Jewish immigration from
Germany in large numbers did not be-
gin until about the middle of the XIX.
Century. Most of them hailed from
the Rhenish Palatinate and from Ba-
varia. Still almost in every state of
the Union the Jews are today not be-
hind their American fellow citizens,
not only in commerce and industry,
but also in their religious and social
life. Their distinctive institutions and
organizations are models of economic
management and useful administra-
tion. Led by the Jewish genius they
have succeeded in a comparatively
shorter time than many other denomi-
nations, to reach the true American
standard of excellence. The American
spirit dwells in their hearts and their
homes, and united with the Jewish gen-
ius It helped to build up their congre-
gations, their religious schools, their
benevolent institutions and social or-
ganizations on a grand and magnifi-
cent scale.

The first attempt to gather statis-
tics of the Jews of the United States,
was made by a committee representing
the Board of Delegates of American
Israelites and the Union of American
Hebrew congregations. The chairma'n
of that committee was Mr. William B.
Hackenburg, a prominent Jewish citi-
zen of Philadelphia. The result of the
labors of this committee was pub-
lished in September, 1880, by the Union
of American Hebrew congregations, In
a pamphlet of 59 pages entitled "Sta-
tistics of the Jews of the United
States." According to this pamphlet
the Jewish population of Illinois In

!">. B. Felsenthal, in a letter to Judge
Duly, of New York, calls the attention of
Jewish historians to the fact, .that while
the Jews In the colonies were admitted
to full citizenship already In 1740. yet In
some of "the states" they were excluded
from the enjoyment of the rights of cltl-
xenshlp by constitutional provisions. He
names Maryland and North Carolina.
Vide Appendix II to The Settlement of the
Jews In North America, by Judge Charles
P. Daly, p. 1B6.

1SSO was 12,625, ten thousand of whom
lived in the city of Chicago. Jewish
congregations were in the following
five cities: Chicago, Rock Island, Peo-
rta, Qulncy and Springfield. The total
nurrfber of Jewish congregations in the
state was ten, and their entire mem-
bership 567; number of Jewish chil-
dren attending religious schools 675.
Two years ago the Jewish Publication
Society of America undertook to con-
tinue the work of collecting statistics
of the Jews of the United States. The
Publication Society has issued two vol-
umes of The American Jewish Year
Book, one each year. The "Year
Books" are edited by Prof. Cyrus Ad-
ler of Washington, President of the
American Jewish Historical Society,
and contain much valuable informa-
tion. We thankfully acknowledge that
the "Year Book" of 1900-1901 was of
great help to us in compiling the data
for this history.

We do not claim that in this work
we have furnished a complete history
of the Jews of Illinois. The Jewish
communities, their organizations and
institutions in the state, are all yet
too young for such an undertaking.
Not even seventy years, the allotted
span of life for one individual man,
has passed since Jews first settled in
Illinois, and this is, indeed, too short
a period of which to write a complete
history, with philosophical research of
cause and effect and historical analysis
of character. Events have not had
time to clarify and to reach historical
strata, and character had as yet no
chance to become purified in the cru-
cible of time to reflect historical light
and luster. We have simply sketched
a certain number of events, often in
mere outline, venturing here and there
also to depict the life of some leaders,
in their relation to the development
of communal and Institutional life,
in a superficial biographical form,
endeavoring in the main, to collect
material for the future historian of
the American Jews.

Our aim has been to give accurate
statements of facts and to be just and
impartial to individuals and institu-
tions. If we have erred In any of our
estimates and representations, we
must solicit the indulgence of our
readers and critics, and request them
to take into consideration the facts,
that in many instances we had to rely
entirely for our information upon the
contradictory statements of a few old,
very old, people, whose memory is suc-
cumbing to the feebleness of old age.
Especially in regard to the history of
the Jews of Chicago prior to the great
fire, it was a very difficult matter to
obtain authentic information, as all
the documents bearing upon the sub-
ject were consumed in the terrible
conflagration of 1871.

We cheerfully invite impartial crit-
icism and convincing correction, for
the sake of truth, -syh pan na net?

"The lip of truth shall be established
forever." H. Bliassof.

Chicago, March 15, 1901.

General Review.

The history of the Jews of Illinois
furnishes ample evidence in substan-
tiation of the facts, that wherever the
Jew finds a welcome reception and
rightful treatment, he quickly rises to
the full understanding of his environ-
ment and readily fulfills his full duty
to his surroundings; that he works
out his destiny to his benefit and to
the profit of his neighbors.

Not quite a century has passed
since a part of the northwest territory
was organized into the state of Illi-
nois. It was in the year 1818, and to-
day the progress of her people and the
development of her institutions are In-
deed the great wonder of the world.
The vast stretch of prairie land which
but a few decades ago was carpeted
only with wild grass, where the
deer and the bear roamed and played
hide and seek, is now dotted with fer-
tile farms, bearing a rich harvest of
golden grain, and is studded with
cities, like precious gems, teeming with
a population of nearly five millions.
The plowshare has furrowed millions
of miles of the rich soil and God has
blessed the toils of his children with
the "dew of heaven and the fatness of
the earth." The western spirit has
imbued the sturdy inhabitants of Illi-
nois with tireless activity and the till-
ers of the soil and the builders of the
cities have produced untold wealth.
Commerce and industry have flour-
ished beyond description; palatial
homes have been erected in many parts
of the state, where art brings Its ben-
ediction and institutions established
where learning leads and lofty
thoughts hold sway as unrivaled rul-
ers, where civilization points the way
to man's higher destiny, where benev-
olence beckons to the heart and illu-
mines the soul with lessons of love,
teaching to aid and assist, to encour-
age and to redeem.

"Wer kennt die Voelker, nennt die

Namen,

Die gastlich hier zusammenkamen?"
Who knows the nationalities, who
can tell the names of all the different
denominations who came to seek
homes and happiness in the hospitable
boundaries of this great and glorious
commonwealth? For nearly a quarter
of a century the Jew was missing. But
he, too, was at last attracted by the
new country and the new promise. He
came from the east and from the north
to join hands with the sturdy sons of
the western prairies; he came to help
and to hope, to plan and progress, and
although he arrived several decades
later, and at first in very small num-
bers, he did not lag in the rear. Work-
ing with extra energy he soon pushed
ahead until he gained a place in the
front ranks of the advancing hosts.
Today the Jews of Illinois are factors
in the commerce and manufacture of
the state and their financial Influence
and power manifest themselves in
many directions. Political life is the
only field where the Jew gained less
prominence than the Germans or the

THE REFORM ADVOCATED

285

Irish people. Political ambition was
not to his taste. The Jew shunned
politics. The bitter experiences which
fell to his lot in the old country were
yet too fresh and too vivid in his
mind. But in this direction, too, the
Jews of Illinois are gradually emerg-
ing from their wanted retirement.
Their courage and ambition are grow-
ing with their numbers and they have
lately been recognized by both of the
leading political parties of the coun-
try. Mr. Samuel Alschuler of Aurora,
Illinois, was nominated for Governor
of the State by the Democratic party
in the campaign of 1900, and although
he failed of election, the extraordinary
large vote of 518,966 which he received,
is highly complimentary. Dr. Emil G.
Hirsch was chosen Republican elec-
tor at large for the state by a
popular vote some years previous.
Judge Philip Stein is now
serving a second term ou the bench of
the Superior Court of Cook County
and Governor Yates has lately ap-
pointed Dr. E. G. Hirsch a member of
the State Board of Charities. The rev-
erend gentleman has also filled sev-
eral other posts of honor, such as a
member of the Library Board and
Board of Education of the city of Chi-
cago. A number of Jews held the of-
fice of mayor in smaller towns of the
state. At one time the city of Quincy
had a Jewish chief of police. The
present city clerk of Chicago, William
Loeffler, under the Democratic mayor,
is a Jew, and the late Mr. Joseph Pol-
lack, who was very prominent in Jew-
ish congregational and charity circles
of Chicago, was once clerk of Cook
County and afterwards justice of the
peace. Since his time several Jews
held, and some are still holding, office
as county commissioners and alder-
men in several counties and cities of
the state. In 1892 Abram E. Frankland
was superintendent of compulsory
education of the city of Chicago. Even
as far back as the fifties Abraham
Kohn was city clerk of Chicago. Gen-
eral Edward S. Salomon, of Chicago,
was clerk of Cook County and governor
of Washington Territory. In 1883 Pres-
ident Arthur appointed Mr. Max Pola-
chek, a Jewish citizen of Chicago, as
Consul General at Ghent, Belgium.
The United States paid him the high
compliment of confirming his nomina-
tion, without reference to the proper
committee, as is usually done in such
cases. Mr. Berthold Loewenthal, now
living in Chicago, was alderman of
Rock Island, 111., from 1855 to 1857;
supervisor of the South Town of Chi-
cago from 1871 to 1873, and a member
of the Public Library Board from 1875
to 1882.

Mr. Leopold Mayer was supervisor
of the Second Ward in Chicago from
1868 to 1S69. Herman Felsenthal was
member of the Board of Education, and
many others held public offices of hon-
or and trust. Chas. Kozminski, Frank-
cnthal and Edward Rose were a'so
members of the Board of Education,
and Dr. Joseph Stolz is now a very ac-

tive member of the same board. In
1867 Henry Greenebaum was appointed
by Gov. Oglesby a member of the State
Board of Equalization.

Julius Rosenthal was Public Admin-
istrator for many years. Adolph Kraus
was president of the Chicago School
Board and corporation counsel under
the old Mayor Harrison.

In 1818 there were only 3,000 Jews
all told in the United States* and
hardly any Jews west of the Alle-
ghany mountains. Today the Jewish
population of the United States is es-
timated at 1,058,135 and in the state
of Illinois it surely reaches the 100,-
000 mark, of which Chicago takes the
lion's share. There are at present in
Chicago not less than 75,000 Jews, 20,-
000 German, 50,000 Russo-Polish and
5,000 Jews from Austro-Hungary and
other countries, the rest of the Jewish
population is scattered through the 102
counties of the state. Peoria and
Quincy have the largest Jewish popu-
lation outside, of Chicago, the former
city close on 2,000 and the latter not
less than 600. In commerce and in-
dustry, in charitable, religious and so-
cial institutions, in attainments of
wealth and in professional life the
Jews of Illinois rank next to the
Jews of New York. More than $150,-
000 is annually collected by the Jews
for non-sectarian institutions in the
state of Illinois. Hardly any Jews
ever become a burden upon the state
and the state alymosinary institutions
have hardly ever contained Jewish in-
mates. The Jews of the state have al-
ways taken care of their own poor,
even before they entered the period of
communal organization. The Asso-
ciated Jewish Charities of Chicago
alone collect over $100,000 annually
for the support of the five main Jew-
ish charity institutions of the city, the
United Hebrew Relief Association,
Michael -Reese Hospital, Home for
Aged Jews, Jewish Orphans' Home and
Jewish Training School. This is done
without resort to charity balls, fairs
and such like means for raising money.
The Jewish residents of Illinois carry
more than $75,000,000 life insurance,
the Jews of Cook County alone are
holding policies amounting to more
than $58,000,000. Nearly $1,000,000
were donated and bequeathed to Jewish
charities within the last twenty years
by Chicago Jews, besides their regu-
lar annual contributions. ' Mr. Leon
Mandel gave $75,000 to the Chicago
University, the Standard Club collect-
ed from Jews $27,000 for the same in-
stitution and Sinai congregation
collected from some of its members
$5,000 more for a Semitic Library,
making a total of $107,000. The sums
of money expended by the Jews in the
main cities of Illinois, for cemeteries,
synagogues, temples, homes, asylums
and social clubs reach away up into
the millions of dollars. The Jew con-
tributes liberally to all charities, Jew-
ish and non-Jewish, and receives very
little from outsiders, he seems to take

As estimated by Mordecai Noah.

it as a settled matter and does not
expect it to be different. His Chris-
tian friends and neighbors rarely
think of offering a contribution to a
Jewish institution. They, too, seem
to take it for granted that the Jew is
able to carry a double burden with
ease and comfort.

There are today in the state of Illi-
nois 78 Jewish congregations, 45 be-
nevolent associations, 25 ladies' soci-
eties, for charity and social purposes,
10 social clubs and 25 cemeteries, most
of these institutions and organizations
are located in the city of Chicago and
many of them are only a few years
old and small in membership. Most
of the congregations were established
by the immigrants from Russia, Po-
land, Roumanla and Austro-Hungary.
A commendable feature of these con-
gregations, especially of the Russian
Jews of Chicago, are the loan associa-
tions, which are connected with the
older and richer of these religious in-
stitutions. These loan associations
are doing much good, they save many
a family from ruin and from becom-
ing paupers in consequence of reverses
in their small 'trade ventures.

The Jews of Illinois are well rep-
resented in the. professions. The law-
yers, physicians, architects, engineers,
pharmacists, professors, teachers, den-
tists and journalists will add up into
many hundreds and a number of them
have been successful and stand very
high in their respective lines. We will
only mention a few names to prove our
statement. Lawyers: Julius Rosen-
thai, Adolph Moses, Adolph Kraus,
Samuel Alschuler, Levy Mayer, Jacob
Newman, Simeon Straus, Max Pam
and Sigmund Zeisler. Physicians:
Drs. Edwin J. Kuh, Joseph Zeisler,' J.
L. Abt, Hy. Gradle, L. Frankenthal.
Dr. Meyerowich, who is a member of
the State "Board of Health, and of the
younger ones we mention Drs. Greens-
felder and Daniel N. Eisendrath,
and some of those who passed into
eternity, but whose names are still
mentioned with honor by all and with
gratitude by many, like Drs. M. Man-
heimer and S. D. Jacobson. Archi-
tects: Dankmar Adler, whose death
was mourned by the entire city of Chi-
cago and who left enduring monu-
m


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