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Journal of the liillB
Royal Sanitary Institute IBllBB
Roya Sanitary nstitute ISSifiH;
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LIBRARY OF HYQIENE
FROM THE LIBRARY OF
CHARLES HARRINGTON
Instructor in Hygiene, iSSs-1898
Assistant Professor of Hygiene, 1S9S-1906
Professor of Hygiene, 1906-1908
GIFT OF
MRS. CHARLES HARRINGTON
November 30, 1908
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HARVARD UN lVef?!5t[^
SCHOOL OF MEOiCU.E. AKO FUSUO HEALTH
Volume XXY ""^-"'^ '^**^ ''iprll, 1904.
SUPPLEMENT TO THE JOURNAL
or
THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY.
CONTENTS ON BACK COVER.
LONDON:
OFFICES OF THE SANITARY INSTITUTJS, PARKES MUSBUM,
MARGARET STREET, W. ,
EDWARD STANFORD, 12, 13, & 14, LONG ACRE, W.C.
JOUBNAL ... PRICE HATiF-A-CROWN.
SUPPLEMENT PRICE ONE STfFTiIiING.
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Yolme m— Part I.] [April, 1904
SUPPLEMENT TO THE
JOURNAL
OP
THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COUNCIL
FOR THE YEAR 1903.
Read at the Ordinary General Meeting^ March 23i^^ 1904..
INTEODUCTION.
It is with profound sorrow that the Council have to preface their
Report with an announcement of the death of the honoured President
of the Institute, Field Marshal His Eoyal Highness the Duke of
Cambridge, K.Q-.
The Institute have reason to hold in grateful remembrance the
signal service which His Royal Highness rendered to the Parkes
Museum in its early days, by graciously co-operating in a public
meeting which saved the Museum from financial difficulties, and for
the continuous personal interest he took in the work of the Institute
during the twenty years in which he was connected with it as
Vice-President and President.
NEW PREMISES.
The steady increase in all branches of Idae work of the Institute,
and the development of new work has made the question of provid-
ing more adequate buildings a matter of pressing necessity — and the
question has engaged the earnest attention of the Council during
the year. At the suggestion of the Institute, a joint committee, con-
sisting of the representatives of the Institute and of several other
Societies who are about to seek new premises, has been formed for the
purpose of considering whether any practicable scheme can be devised
for a combined building that would serve the purpose of their several
needs.
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a ANNUAL BEPOBT,
STANDAEDISATION OF DISINFECTANTS.
A resolution was passed at the Bradford Congress, recommending
that the Institute should appoint a Committee to inquire into the
desirability of establishing a standard bacteriological method for
determining the efficiency of disinfectants, and take such steps as
may be necessary for insuring the legal control of disinfectants.
The Council resolved to form a Committee, and invited the following
experts to join the members of the Institute Committee in the work
of investigation : —
E. Klein, m.d., f.e.s, (St. Bartholomew's Hospital Medical
School),
James Eitohib, m.a., b.sc., m.d, (Oxford University).
Prof. Q-. Sims Woodhead, m.a., m.d., f.r.c.p. (Cambridge Uni-
versity).'
Allan Macpadtbn, b.sc, m.d., m.e.o.s, (Lister Institute of
Preventive Medicine).
Prof. Sheridan DELfipiNB, b.sc, m.b., cm. (Owens College,
Manchester).
Waltbb Hill^ (Pharmaceutical Society of Q-reat Britain).
Prof. C. Hunter Stewart, d.sc, m.b., f.r.s.e. (Edinburgh
University).
The Committee have held several meetings and have determined upon
some preliminary experiments, which are now in progress.
SANITAET LEGISLATION.
The Institute had under consideration the following Bills intro-
duced into Parliament during the year. The action taken by the
Council and the fate of the Bill is noted in each case : —
Housing of the Working Classes (London) Bill. Introduced by Sir
John Dickson-Poynder, Bart., supported by Sir John Q-orst,
Mr. Claude Hay, Mr. Cust, and Major Evans-Grordon.
' A Bill to regulate tl^^. conditions under which Displacements of
Persons of the Labouring Classes may be made in London under
Statutory Powers, and to require the provision of sufficient new
Housing Accommodation.
Decided to petition in fevour of this Bill.
The Bill was dropped.
Prevention of Pollution of Rivers and Streams Bill, Introduced by
Sir Erancis Sharp Powell, Bart., supported by Mr, Wilson-Todd,
Mr. Henry Hobhouse, Sir John Dorington, Dr. Earquharson,
Mr, Brigg, Sir John Brunner, and Sir Walter Foster,
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ANIOTAL EEPOBT. 3
A Bill to make further and amended provisions to prevent the
Pollution of Bivers and Streams.
Decided to petition in favour of this Bill.
Second reading not reached.
PuUic Health Bill, Introduced by Sir Francis Sharp Powell, Bart.,
supported by Sir Walter Foster, Mr. Talbot, Dr. Farquharson,
Mr. Henry Hobhouse, Mr, Cripps, Mr. Heywood Johnstone,
Sir Michael Foster, and Sir John Batty Tuke.
A Bill to amend the Law relating to the Qualification and Tenure
of Office of Medical Officers of Health and Inspectors, and to make
further provisions relating to Superannuation Allowances for such
Officers and Inspectors ; and for other purposes.
Decided that the attention of the promoters of this Bill should
be drawn to certain clauses where it was thought alterations were
desirable.
The Bill was dropped.
Sale of Adulterated Butter BiU. Introduced by Mr. Hanbury and
Mr. Secretary Akers-Douglas.
A Bill to amend the Law with regard to the Sale of Adulterated
Butter.
Decided that no action be taken.
Bill withdrawn.
Vaccination Bill. Introduced by Mr. Broadhurst, supported by
Mr. Thomas Bayley, Sir John EoUeston, Mr. Channing, and
Mr. Corrie Grant.
A Bill to amend the Vaccination Acts and to abolish Compulsory
Taccination.
Decided to petition against this Bill.
The Bill was dropped.
SESSIONAL MEETINGS.
Sessional meetings .have hitherto been held only in London, but
during the year they have been extended to large provincial centres,
in order that the members of the Institute in all parts of the king-
dom may have an opportunity of meeting together under the
■auspices of the Institute, for the reading and discussion of papers.
Provincial Meetings were held during the year in Manchester,
Birmingham, and Leicester; the discussions being arranged in the
morning, and demonstration visits in the afternoon to Sanitary works
relating to the subjects discussed. There was an average attendance
of 150.
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4 JLSTSVJlL befobt.
Meetings were held in London in February, March, and December.
At the several meetings the following subjects were brought
forward : —
" The Eemoval and Isolation of Infectious Patients in Populous
Districts,'' byMBBBDiTH Young, m.d., d.p.h.; A. Wynter Blyth,
M.B.O.S., r.i.o., r.c.s.. Chairman of Council, in the Chair.
"The Present Shortage of Water available for Supply," by W.
Whitakeb, B.A., r.B.s., r.G.s. ; Sir Alexander Binnie, m.inst.ojb.,
in the chair.
'^ Sewage Disposal and the Qualities essential in a Sewage Effluent,''
by Geobge Eeid, m.d., d.p.h. ; Col. T. Walter Harding in the
chair,
" Practical Considerations in connection with Modern Methods of
treating Sewage," by Prof. A. Bostock Hill, m.sc., m.d., d.p.h.,
and J. E. Willcox, assoc.m.inst.o.e. ; Alfred Hill, m.d., f.b.s.b.,
in the chair.
" Collection, Disposal, and Utilization of Town Refuse," by P. W.
Allen, assoo.m.inst.c.e. ; W. Whitaker, b.a., f.b.s., f.g.s.. Chair-
man of Council, in the chair.
"Flooding of Basements in London by Sewage," by Maubick
Eitzmaurice, C.M.G., M.A., M.iNST.c.E. ; Sir Benjamin Baker,.
K.C.M.G., ll,d., p.b.s, in the chair.
The papers read and .discussions upon them are printed in the^
Journal, Vols, XXIV. and XXV.
The Council will be glad to receive from members any proposal*
as to appropriate subjects for discussion at future meetings.
LECTUEES AND DEMONSTEATION OS SANITAET
SCIENCE.
At the Thirty-fifth Course of Training held in February, March,,
and April, 28 Students entered their names, and at the Thirty-sixth
Course in October and November 39 Students were enrolled.
The Objects and Appliances in the Parkes Museum, where the
Lectures are given, are used for the purpose of practically illustrating
the Lectures ; and other objects, such as Carcases and Organs of
Animals, are obtained for demonstration.
A complete list of the Lectures has been given in the Supplement
to the Journal.
Technical Exhibitions are awarded to Students by the Technical
Education Board of the London County Council to the annual value
of five pounds, which may, with the approval of the Board, be applied
to paying the expenses of Students in attending these Lectures.
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A:tnsnjAL beport. 5
Inspections and Demonsteations,
In addition to the 32 Lectures and the Demonstrations given in
the Museum during each Course, arrangements were made for
Students to visit a number of public works illustrative of sanitary
practice and administration, in order that they might have the
opportunity of observing and noting the practical application of
Sanitary principles.
During the period over which each Course of Lectures extended
the Students had the free use of the Library and Museum at all
times when they were open.
The Council desire, to record their sincere thanks to the Lecturers
for the great benefits they have conferred upon the Students, and
for the assistance they have given to the diffusion of Sanitary know-
ledge, by the preparation and delivery of these Lectures, and also to
those gentlemen who have taken so much trouble to make the various
inspections and demonstrations instructive to the Students.
The Institute is also indebted to the London County Council,
Metropolitan Borough Councils and District Councils, and others
who are so kindly assisting them with regard to the visits, and in
bringing the Lectures under the notice of their officers.
Peovincial Lectubes.
A Course of Eight Lectures and Eour Demonstrations to Sanitary
Officers on Meat and Food Inspection was given in Leeds, Bradford,
and Huddersfield, under the auspices of a Joint Committee formed
by The Sanitary Institute, the Technical Instruction Committee of
the West Biding County Council, the County Boroughs of Leeds,
Bradford, Huddersfield and York, and the Yorkshire College. A
large nimiber of Inspectors and others attended the Lectures.
The Lectures and Demonstrations were held on Saturday after-
noons, commencing November 7th.
PEACTICAL TBAINING FOE MEAT INSPECTOES.
. In addition to the Course of general Lectures for Sanitary Officers,
special Courses were arranged during the year for candidates
preparing for the Examination for Inspectors of Meat and. other
Poods, conducted by The Sanitary Institute. . .
Each Course consisted of two months practical training in the
inspection of meat at a Cattle Market, including demonstrations on
live cattle and sheep, slaughtering and dressing of animals, names
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6 A^TfUAL BEPOBT.
and situations of the organs, diseases of animals, methods of stalling,
arrangement of markets and byres, etc.
Demonstrations were also arranged at a knackers' yard, where
instruction regarding the flesh and organs of the horse was given.
One Course was held in the Spring and another in the Autumn,
and each continued for two months. At the first Course there were
4 students, and at the second 13 students.
This system of training and examination for the purpose of
qualifying men to act as Meat Inspectors, adopted by The Sanitary
Institute, originated from the conclusions of the Eoyal Commission
of 1901, and was stimulated by a circular letter to Sanitary Author-
ities issued by the Local Government Board, urging the importance
of appointing properly qualified Meat Inspectors. It is probable
that a large number of Sanitary Authorities would find it useful and
to the public interest to give facilities for their officers to take
advantage of this important instruction.
COUESE OF TEAINING IN APPLIED HYGIENE FOE
SCHOOL TEACHEES.
A Course was arranged, in conjunction with Bedford College for
Women, and it occupied three terms of the year, and consisted of
Lectures and practical Demonstrations on the following subjects : —
Physiology and the allied Sciences,
Construction and practical Sanitation of Schools,
Hygiene in School life and in Educational methods.
Infectious Diseases and Disinfection.
As an introduction to the Course, a Conference was arranged on
the subject of Applied Hygiene for School Teachers. The discussion
was opened by Prof. C. 8. Sherrington, and Mr. M. E. Sadler took the
chair. Among the speakers were Professor Adams (University of
London), Mrs. Dickinson Berry (London School Board), Mr. A.
Wynter Blyth, Miss Connolly, President of the Head Mistresses'
Association, Mr. W. Scott Coward, His Majesty's Inspector of
Training Colleges, Dr. H. E. Kenwood, Dr. James Kerr, Medical
Officer, School Board for London, Miss Eobertson, Bedford College,
Mr. J. Eussell (King Alfred School Society), Dr. Francis Warner,
Dr. W. H. Willcox, Miss Hurlbatt (Bedford College).
The Conference was held at Bedford College.
The Lectures were given partly at the Institute and partly at
Bedford College, and were attended by 27 Students.
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ANNUAL BEPOET. 7
COLONIAL WORK.
Since its establishment in 1900, this branch of the work of the
Listitute has been steadily increasing and growing in public interest,
and the Council are pleased to report the progress that has been
made in each of the centres already established, and the establish-
ment during the past year of two new centres, British South Africa
and Hong Kong.
During the year the Colonial Office has expressed interest in, and
assisted the development of the work by bringing the Examinations
under the notice of the Governors of the several Colonies, and the
India Office has also brought the matter under the notice of the
Viceroy of India.
Commonwealth of Austealia.
New South Wales,
This Board, which was the first established by the Institute, was
formed in May, 1900, under the Chairmanship of Dr. J. Ashburton
Thompson, Medical Officer of Health of the New South Wales Gov-
ernment, who had taken the matter up on its being suggested to
him by the Council. The first Examination was held in Sydney in
January, 1901, 57 candidates presenting themselves for examination.
The Council gratefully acknowledge the assistance that Dr. Ash-
burton Thompson gave the Institute in the initiation of this the first
Examination Board in the Colonies, and the part that he has taken
in the successful work that has been done by the New South Wales
Board since its inauguration, and also o£ the valuable counsel that
he gave in the formation of other centres in the Commonwealth,
With a view to assist candidates who were entering for the Exam-
ination a Course of Lectures, held at the Technological Institute in
Sydney, was specially adapted to meet the requirements of the
syllabus, and the course has been continued preparatory to each
Examination that has been held since.
The Council of the Institute has devoted a portion of the pro-
ceeds of the Examination for the purchase of sanitary appliances
and models, which were added to the Museum in the Technological
College in Sydney.
At the four Examinations so far held in Sydney, 17 Candidates
have presented themselves for the Practical Sanitary Science, of whom
12 were successful ; 1 10 Candidates have presented themselves for
the test as Inspectors of Nuisances, and of these 55 were successful.
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i AN3rUAL EEPOET.
These 127 examinees represent 98 different persons. Of these 98
persons, 12 went up for both Examinations, whereas 7 Candidates
sat twice for the Inspectors Examination and 3 three times. *
Included in these 98 persons are 10 ladies. Only one of these has
so far been successful in obtaining employment.
Of the successful male Candidates, 4 are employed by the Board of
Health, 6 by the Water and Sewerage Board, 7 by other Q-ovemment
Departments, 12 by the City Council, and 26 by Suburban Muni-
cipalities in this and other States of the Commonwealth. This
makes a total of 55 who are following a calling directly connected
with Sanitary Science* Only 6 persons are occupied in other walks
of life. Some of these will no doubt be absorbed during the next 12
months, as Municipal Councils are now making the Certificate a
qualification for any new appointment.
Queetisland.
This Board was established in 1901. An influential Board of
Examiners was nominated at a public meeting held in Brisbane, and
was appointed by the Council of the Institute, with Dr. Burnett
Ham, Commissioner of Public Health, as Chairman, and Mr. D. B.
McConnel, M.A., as Secretary,
A Course of Lectures for Sanitary Officers was arranged by
the members of the Board, and the opening lecture, which was
presided over by the Mayor of Brisbane, was given by the Chairman
of the Board. Efforts are also being made to collect together a
number of sanitary appliances and models with a view to the forma-
tion of a Museum, for teaching purposes and for public use.
Western Australia,
This Board has been formed under the Chairmanship of Dr. Itnest
Black, President of the Central Board of Health, and Mr. J, E,
Campbell, Secretary to the Central Board, has consented to act as
Secretary.
Dominion or Canada.
Montreal District,
In 1900 negotiations were opened up with the late Dr. Wyatt
Johnston, Professor of Hygiene, McGill University, as to the forma-
tion of this- Board, and in July 1901 a Board of Examiners was
tentatively formed for the Montreal district, with Dr. E. Persillier-
Lachapelle, President of the Board of Health of the Province of
Quebec, as Chairman. On the death of Dr. Wyatt Johnston the office
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AJ^NUAL EEPOBT.
9
of Secretary was undertaken by his successor at the McGill University,
Dr. T, A. Starkey, who proceeded to arrange for a preparatory course
of lectures on the lines on which courses of lectures are held by the
Institute at the Parkes Museum, and this Course was followed by
the holding of two Examinations. Dr. Starkey also has in hand the
collection of sanitary appliances and models for the formation of a
museum at the McQ-ill University, and the Institute have made
contributions towards this collection.
Beitish South Afbica,
The Institute have been in communication for some time with Dr.
Jasper Anderson, Medical Officer of Health for Cape Town, for the
estabhshment of a Board of Examiners in British South Africa, and
in April, 1902, a Board was formed consisting of representatives from
Cape Colony and other parts of British South Africa, for the holding
of the Examinations. Mr. A. H. Beid, r.E.i.B.A., has been appointed
Chairman, and Dr. Jasper Anderson, Secretary. The first Examina-
tion was held in Cape Town in October, 1903, at which 17 candi-
dates presented themselves. Examination centres are also being
arranged in the other Colonies in South Africa.
The establishment of the Board created a good deal of interest,
and the Corporation of Cape Town contributed a sum of £150
towards the expenses of a course of lectures that was arranged
for candidates, and the notice that the Examination was to be held
was entered in the Official Government Gtizette for the Colony
of Natal. The Board have in hand the formation of a Sanitary
Museum for teaching purposes, and the Institute have contributed
models of sanitary appliances and lantern slides for this purpose.
Hong Kong and South China.
The question of starting Examinations for Sanitary Officers in this
Colony was first considered by the Council some years ago, but the
matter was left in abeyance until the early part of this year, when
the Council was approached by Dr. Erancis W. Clark, Medical Officer
of Health for Hong Kong, and negotiations were entered into for
establishing an Examination Board for Hong Kong.
At an influential meetiug held at the Sanitary Board Offices, Hong
Kong, presided over by the Hon. J. M. Atkinson, P.C.M.O., Presi-
dent of the Sanitary Board, who undertook the duties of Chairman
of the Board, nominations were receive^ for the Board of Examiners,
and the gentlemen nominated were subsequently elected by the
Council of the Institute.
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10 AircaJAL B£K>BT.
Dr. Bertram Barnett, Assistant Medical Officer of Health, has
been elected the Secretary, with Mr. Alfred Carter, Mem. San. Inst.,
as Assistant Secretary. The Board have in hand the preparation of a
Course of Lectures for the Examination, and the Government of Hong
Kong have, by a General Order, decided to refund the fees paid
by the Inspectors in the Sanitary Department who receive Certificates
of having passed the Examination.
The Council desire to record their great appreciation of the
services rendered to the Institute by those who have assisted in the
formation of the centres in the several Colonies, and who have taken
part in the Examinations which have been held ; and they hope that
in the efforts that are being made to forward the public work of the
Institute in these distant parts of the Empire they will have the
assistance of all Members and Associates, and they will be glad to
receive communications from those who have interest and influence
in this important branch of the Institute's work.
EXAMINATIONS.
During the year Examinations were held at the following places :
In Pbactical Sanitaet Science.
Birmingham Manchester
Cardiff Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Liverpool Plymouth
London (2) York
51 Candidates presented themselves, to 24 of whom Certificates
were granted.
EoB Inspegtoes op
Nuisances tjndee the Public Health
Act,
1875.
Birmingham
London (2)
Cardiff
Manchester
Derby
Newcastle- upon-Ty ne
Dublin
Plymouth
Edinburgh
York
Liverpool
At these Examinations 1054 Candidates presented themselves, and
445 were certified competent, as regards their Sanitary knowledge,
to discharge the duties of an Inspector of Nuisances under the
Public Health Act, 1 875.
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ANNUAL EEPORT. 11
The Sanitary Inspectors Examination Board (formed by The
Sanitary Institute and other bodies), for holding Examinations under
the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, held two Examinations
during the year. There were 46 Certificates granted.
Fob Inspbctoes op Meat and Othbb Foods.
During the year Examinations were held in London (2 Examina-
tions), Leeds, and Bristol. 41 Candidates presented themselves, to
31 of whom Certificates were granted.
In Peactical Hygiene foe School Teachbes.
An Examination was held in London. 1 Candidate presented
herself, to whom a Certificate was granted.
Colonial Examinations.
During the year Examinations were held at Sydney, Montreal (2),
and Cape Town ; 3 Candidates presented themselves for the Prac-
tical Sanitary Science Examination, to all of whom Certificates were
granted ; 33 Candidates presented themselves for the examination for
Inspectors of Nuisances, 17 Certificates being granted.
Examinations were established by the Institute in 1877, and the
foUovmig figures show the total number of Examinations held, and the
number of Candidates : — candidates candidates
Examinations. Entered. Certificated.
For Local Surveyors 35 291 142
Practical Sanitary Science .... 75 455 215
Inspectors of Nuisances 173 8,632 4,648
Inspectors of Meat and Other
Foods 17 193 126
Practical Hygiene for School
Teachers 5_ 35 26
305 9,606 5,157
A Diagram relating to the Examinations for Inspectors of Nui-
sances is given on the i'oilowing page.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
Examination fob Inspectoe of J^uisanobs.
The total number of Candidates is shown by the height of the column
shaded, and the number who have obtained Certificates by the darker portion.
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AlsTSUAJj BEFOBT. 13
C0NGEES8 AND EXHIBITION AT BEADFORD.
The Twenty-First Congress and Exhibition of the Institute was
held at Bradford from July 7th to 11th, 1903.
Very suitable accommodation was provided for the meetings of
the Congress in the Town Hall, Technical School, Mechanics*
Institute, School Board Office, and the Church Institute, and
excellent arrangements were made for the reception and convenience
of members.
Delegates were appointed by about 340 Sanitary Authorities and
Learned Societies.
The numbers attending the Congress were as follows : — Delegates,
700 ; Members and Associates of the Institute, 451 j Associates of
the Congress and other Subscribers, 305 ; Meeting of Lady Sanitary
Inspectors, 20 ; Press and Complimentary, 100 ; making a total of
],676.
The first General Meeting was held on July 7th. The Right
Hon. the Earl Stamford was installed as President of the Congress,
and delivered his Inaugural Address.
The business of the Congress was divided into three Sections
and eight special Conferences: — Section I., Sanitary Science and
Preventive Medicine; Section II., Engineering and Architecture;
Section III., Chemistry, Physics, and Biology. Conferences: of
Municipal Representatives ; of Medical Officers of Health ; of
Engineers and Surveyors to County and other Sanitary Authorities ;
of Veterinary Inspectors ; of Sanitary Inspectors ; of Ladies on
Domestic Hygiene; of Industrial Hygiene; of the Hygiene of
School Life. Many subjects of special interest were brought
forward and discussed — the papers, together with the discussions,
appear in Vol. XXIV. of the Journal.
Interesting visits were made to Messrs. W. Fison & Co.'s Green-
holme Mills, Burley -in -Wharf edale ; Farnley Hall, Otley (Mr.
Fawkes) ; Sir Titus Salt, Bart., Sons & Co.'s Works, Saltaire ; Leeds
new Hospital for infectious diseases ; Eastley Sanatorium for the
treatment of phthisis ; Bradford Waterworks at Gouthwaite, etc.
The members were most hospitably entertained at Garden Parties,
at the Clock House by Councillor J, A. and Mrs. Godwin ; at Esholt
Hall by the Misses Crompton Stansfield ; at Whinbrae, Ben Ehyd-
ding by Dr, Babagliati, and at Messrs. Fison's Mills.
Circular tours were also made to the Municipal undertakings of
the Corporation. Several of these visits were of great value to
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
14 AITNITAL BBFOBT.
members, and especially to officers and members of Local Authorities,
and officials appointed as Delegates to th^ Congress.
The Health Exhibition was held at the Bellevue Volunteer Bar-
racks and was open for seventeen days. It was attended by 28,981
visitors. A list of the* Exhibits to which medals were awarded is
given in the Supplement to the Journal, Vol. XXIV. Part II., 1903,
and also a list of certain Exhibits which required special tests in
London or elsewhere before their merits could be decided upon by
the Judges.
The illustrated list of Exhibits to which medals have been made
has been published by the Institute since 1892. The list now
contains illustrations, descriptions, and prices of a large number of
sanitary appliances and articles of domestic use and economy, and
is, the Council believe, of value for reference.
LIBEAEY.
Volumes and Pamphlets numbering 490 have been presented to
the Library. Lists of -these are published in the Supplement to the
Journal.
Altogether about 500 references were made to the shelves by
readers during the year.
Eor the convenience of Members, Associates, and Students who
wish to borrow books for home reading, special arrangements have
been made for the loan to them, at a small fee, of books from
Lewis's Medical and Scientific Library, which contains a large
number of recent text-books and standard works on Sanitation.
JOUENAL.
The records of the Transactions of the Institute are steadily in-
creasing, and last year the Journal contained 884 pages, besides 193
pages of additional matter published in the Supplement.
The circulation has increased, and more than 4,000 copies of each
part were issued last year.
INSTITUTE DINNEE.
His late Eoyal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, K.G-., President,
presided at the Dinner of the Institute, held at the Hotel Cecil on
May 15th.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ATSTNUAL EBPOET.
15
to
BUILDING FUND.
The Building Fund, including donations promised, now amounts
£9,161 Is. 6d.
PAEKES MUSEUM.
The Museum, besides being a mqst important adjunct to the
teaching work of the Institute, forms the basis of a large portion of
the teaching in practical Hygiene that is given in London.
The visitors to the Museum during the year, including classes
from Medical Colleges, Polytechnics, Science Centres, London Board
Schools, &c., have considerably increased, as will be seen by the
following table and the estimated number of ordinary visitors. The
table shows comparative figures for the past twelve years : —
Table sJwwing the number of Closes
and Students vittting the Mute
Date.
InstitutionB from whlcli niaooA^
OUases attended. •-■wssee.
StndentB.
1892
13
68
854
1893
21
87
1043
1894
28
48
865
1895
50
93
1695
1896
49
82
1435
. 1897
.53
138
1674
1898
47
97
1958
1899
40
97
2154
1900
61
.136
2763
1901
50
154
3514
1902
44
154
3073
1903
51
146
3657
The estimate of ordinary visitors for the year is 8,000.
Thus it will be seen that 11,657 visits are recorded, in addition
to the meetings and lectures arranged by the Institute, 3,600 of
these being made by interested Students visiting the Museum by
appointment for definite instruction.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
16
ANNUAL JEtBPOBT.
The following Institutions were represented, some of which sent
Students on two or more dates : —
Architectural Association.
Balham Polytechnic.
Battersea Polytechnic.
Bedford College for Women.
Beckenham Technical Institute.
Borough Polytechnic.
Bloomfield Eoad School,
Charing Cross Hospital.
Cheltenham Technical School.
Croydon Pol3rtechnic.
Cusack's Technical Institute.
Engineers' Army Service Corps.
Exeter Hall Bamblers' Club.
Groldsmiths' Institute.
Hackford Road Science' Centre.
Hornsey Institute.
King's College.
Kingston Science Centre (Surrey
County Council).
Lavender Hill School.
London Hospital (Public Health
Students).
N. T. School of Cookery.
National Health Society.
Northern Polytechnic.
North Hackney High School.
Norwood School of Hygiene.
Norwood Technical Institute.
Penge Technical Institute.
Sixty-five additions of new exhibits have been made to the Museum
during the year, particulars of which are given each quarter in the
Supplement to the Journal.
The collection of lantern slides available to Members and Asso-
ciates for lecture purposes contains some valuable illustrations, and
has been largely used by the Members of the Institute, 900 slides
having been hired during the year.
Eegent Street Polytechnic.
School Board Training Institute.
Sesame House.
Skinners' Company's School
(Girls).
St. George's Hospital (Public
Health Students).
St. Katherine's Coll., Tottenham.
St. Marylebone Teachers' Centre.
St. Mary's Hospital Medical
School.
St. Mary's Bamblers' Club.
St. Thomas's Hospital.
South- Western Polytechnic.
Stamford Hill School.
Stanhope School.
Summer Avenue School.
Sussex C.C. Technical Schools.
Thomas St. Polytechnic.
Thornton Heath Polytechnic.
Tottenham Polytechnic.
Tylers' and Bricklayers' Society.
University College (Public Health
Students).
Walthamstow Technical Institute.
West Ham Technical Institute.
William Street Science Centre.
Worshipful Company of Carpen-
ters,
FINANCE.
The Statement of Accounts for the year shows an increase in the
receipts, and the expansion of the Institute has necessarily involved
an increase also in the expenditure ; the result of the year's working
shows a considerable balance of income over expenditure.
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ANNUAL EEPORT. 17
EPITOME OF EEGI8TEES OF MEMBEES AND
ASSOCIATES.
The comparison of the roll of the Institute with the preceding year
shows a steady increase in the number of Members and Associates.
Hon.
Fellows.
Fellows.
Uembers.
Associates,
Total
Dec. 31st, 1902 . . .
37
171
952
1,565
2,725
Dec. 31st, 1903 ..,
43
186
1,013
1,722
2,964
Diagram showing the Yearly Increase in the Roll of the Institute.
TOL. XXT. PABT I.
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18 ANNTTAL BBPOBT.
OBITUARY.
It is with regret that the Council have to report the death of
Prof. W. H. CoBriELD, Vice-President and Treasurer; Dr. Hobbbcht,
Honorary Fellow; Sir Vincent Huntbb B. Kbnnbtt-Babbinqton,
Thomas Habbis, Fellows ; Fbbdbbick Ball, E. Q-. O'Shaughnbsst,
S. Pattinson, Members; J. H. Aohbson, E. H. Dawson, J. H
FiBMAN, W. Gabland, W. Gbant, B. R. Miles, Q-. 0. Patching
E. Peech, W. H. Watson, Associates.
EPITOME OF THE WORK OF THE INSTITUTE, 1903.
London Meetings and Examinations. .^J^^^
Attendance
3 Sessional Meetings for discussion of Sanitary subjects . . 240
66 Lectures to Sanitary Officers 2,655
2 Special Demonstrations, Inspection of Meat 69
35 Practical Demonstrations for Sanitary Officers . . 1,074
2 Examinations in Practical Sanitary Science 31
2 Examinations for Inspectors of Nuisances 294
2 Examinations for Inspectors of Meat 27
1 Examination in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers . . 1
155 Council and Committee Meetings 915
146 Classes brought to the Museum 3,657
Other persons visiting the Museum (Estimated) . . . . 8,000
30 Lectures on School Hygiene 770
2 Courses of Practical Instruction for Meat Inspectors
lasting two months each (Estimated) . . . . . . 350
Congbess and Exhibition at Bbadfobd.
5 Sectional Meetings 440
8 Conferences 715
3 Addresses and Lectures 1,715
Exhibition open for seventeen days 28,981
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A^ynrUAJj BEPOBT. 19
\
Pbovincial ajstd Colonial Meetings. *.*'^*!J*^
Attendances.
' 3 Sessional Meetings . . . . 450
7 Examinations in Practical Sanitary Science 20
13 Examinations for Inspectors of Nuisances 779
2 Examinations for Inspectors of Meat and other Foods . . 14
Lectures in West Eiding, Yorkshire (Estimated) . . . . 1500
W. WHITAKEE,
CTiairman of Council.
E. WHITE WALLIS,
8ecretai*y,
March 9th, 1904.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
20 ANNUAL RBPOBT.
STATEMENT of INCOME and EXPENDITURE
2)r. EXFENDITUBB.
£ 8. d. £ 8. d.
EgtMishmmt Charges: —
To Bent, Bates, Taxes, and In8urance 450 2
„ Salaries and Wages 1,464 13 9
„ Goals, Lighting, and Care of Offices 103 11 10
„ Bepairs and Alterations 11 3 6
„ Arrangement of Museum 56 12 2
», Library, Binding, &c 16 2 4
„ Postage and Carriage 304 7 7
„ Printing and Stationery 277 12 lu
„ Advertising 14 4
„ Incidental Expenses 108 7
„ Office Furniture 25 7 10
„ Depreciation of Leaseholds 24 15
„ Law Charges 2 11 10
2,846 10 2
Special Expenses, exdusive of Establishment Charges: —
To Journal and Publications, Cost of Print-
ing, etc., less Sales and Advertisements 770 17
„ Sessional Meetings 65 1 6
„ Lectures, Sanitary Officers 239 18
„ „ School Hygiene 14 2
„ „ Meat Inspectors 45 19 5
„ Examination Expenses 1,271 14 10
„ „ Colonial 131 17 11
„ Congress at Bradford 647 10 2
„ Exhibition „ 2,258 14 2
„ Institute Dinner— Balance of Expenses... 21 11 8
5,467 6 8
8,313 16 10
„ Balance carried to Nett Bevenue account . 787 13
£9,101 9 10
NETT REVENUE
To Amount allotted to Building Fund 1,000
Balance to be carried forward to next a/c 8,733 13 4
£9,733 13 4
\
I Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ANNUAL Eia?OBT# 21
for the Year ended 31st December, 1903,
Income. Ct.
^ 8. d. £ 8. d.
General Receipts: —
By Annual Subscriptions, less Arrears written
off 2,043 19
^ Interest on Investments, etc 458 8 8
2,502 7 8
Special BeceipU: —
By Lectures, Sanitary Officers 185 9
„ „ School Hygiene 17 19 4
„ „ Mea.t Inspectors 43 11 6
„ Examinations 3,188 16 2
„ „ Colonial 115 7 3
„ Congress at Bradford 621 1 10
„ Exhibition „ 2.426 2 1
„ Illustrated List of Awards .*....^....- 16
-6,599
£9,101 9 10
ACCOUNT.
By Balance brought forward from last account (1902) ...8,946 4
„ „ for the year brought down 787 13
;€9,733 13 4
Digitized by VjOOQIC
22 AirVVAli BJEPOBT.
BUILDING
£ 8. d.
To Balance Carried to next Account 8,749 16 6
^£8,749 15 6
GENERAL BALANCE SHEET,
liiABiLrriBS. ;£ 8. d. £ s. d.
To Feee and Subscriptions paid in advance for 1904 200 15 6
„ Sundry Creditors 1,010 19 8
1,211 15 2
„ Balance of Library Catalogue Account 98 2 9
„ „ Life Composition Fund 501 18
„ „ Building Fund 8,749 15 6
9,349 1« 3
„ Income and Expenditure Account Balance 8,733 13 4
^£19,295 4 9
Examined with the Books, Vouchers, and Accounts and found correct,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
ANNUAL BEPOAT. ^3
FUND.
£ B. d.
By Balance forward from last Account 7,707 6
„ Nett Bevenue Account 1,000
„ Donations 42 9 6
X8,749 16 6
Further Donations have been promised to the amount of £411 68. Od.
31st DECEMBER, 1903.
AssBTS £ s, d, £ B. d.
By Library and Contents of Museum, Furniture
and Publications 1,857 10 6
„ Subscriptions in Arrear and Sundry Debtors ... 591 14
„ Gash in hand and on deposit 1,570 12 3
8,619 16 9
„ Investments valued at Cost—
£7,668 11 1 2i% Consols 7,462 16
£1,000 3% India Stock 1,096 1
£1,000 3i% „ 1,166 6
£6.000 4 % New Zealand Stock 6,668 16
£600 8J% New South Wales 602 10
The Market Value of these Securities on
Dec. 31st, 1903, was £14,619 10s. 6d,
16,776 8
£19,296 4 9
Wood, Drew & Co., Chartered Accountants,) j,,^:*^.
W. COLLINGBIDGBJ, M.D., J ^**^*^<^*-
Thomas W. Cutlkb, Treasurer
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24 BETIEWg OF BOOKS.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
THE PEEVENTION OF CONSUMPTION.*
This is essentially a popular work, intended for the general
public. As however it states fully and clearly the scientific basis
on which preventive measures against tuberculosis must be based, it
can be usefully consulted by many medical men and sanitarians who
■ wish to have a convenient statement of essential points. The book
consists essentially of an expansion of the thesis that tuberculosis
" may be cured, can be avoided, and ought to be prevented." The
main part of the book consists of six chapters, in which are discussed
the history and nature of tuberculosis, infection, the relation of
bovine to human tuberculosis, personal precautions, prevention by
legislation and pubhc action, and sanatoria. On each of these sub-
jects the book contains useful information clearly set forth,
Neariy half the book consists of appendices, which are probably
the most valuable part of it. In these such subjects as sanatoria for
poor consumptives, homes for advanced consumptives, state in-
surance for workmen in Germany, and the nature of the infectivity
of phthisis are discussed.
The least satisfactory chapter of the book is that dealing with
public measures against tuberculosis. The author should have studied
the details of administrative measures against this disease before
writing this chapter, or had it written by someone familiar with them.
Prof. Koch writes a short introductory note emphasising the in-
fectiousness of phthisis and the practicability of its prevention.
A. N.
PEOTOZOA AND DISEASE.t
This volume claims to have been written to bring together the
salient points of what has been definitely ascertained with regard
to protozoa as parasites and pathogenetic organisms. The book is
specially welcome at this time, as during recent years the study of
this important group of micro-organisms has received great attention
in connection with the etiology of such diseases as malaria, cancer,
and certain tropical affections. The author devotes, rightly, his
earlier chapters to an account of unicellular organisms and the cell,
including a clear, if somewhat brief, account of their reproductive
processes. We would have liked to have seen this section amplified,
as the phenomena of mitosis will probably afford the clue to the
* The Prevention of Consumption. By Alfred Hillier, M.D., &c. Revised
by Professor B. Koch. Longmans, Green & Co. 1903. pp. 226.
t Protozoa and Disease. By J. Jackson Clarke, M.B. Part I., 1903.
175 pp. London, Bailli^re, Tindall & Cox.
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JIBVIEWS OP BOOKS* 25
understanding of several obscure points in present-day pathology.
The subsequent chapters are devoted to more or less detailed accounts'
of the different classes into which the protozoa are divided. From
the strictly biological point of view, the grouping adopted is open to
some criticism, but the book is not intended for biologists, but rather
to focus attention upon the part which these elementary forms of
life play in the pathology of man and animals. To medical men and
others, whose time for reading is limited and yet who wish to keep
abreast with the times, this volume can be commended as a basis
for understanding recent and future work on the role which protozoa
play in disease causation. The chapter on the diseases of the pro-
tozoa themselves is highly suggestive, and we hope Mr. Clarke, in
his promised Part II., will be able to develop this question ; for may
it not be that a ciliate or a flagellate is but a vehicular host for the
conveyance of some infective agent, still smaller than itself, to man ?
The parasitism of some of the protozoa is so specialized and aggres-
sive, that a speculation of this kind is as allowable as it is suggestive.
K. H. F.
THE VEiSTTILlTINa, HEATING, AND MANAGEMENT OF
CHUECHES AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS.*
This useful little manual is, as the author states, a practical
treatise intended for the use of architects and builders, as well as
for managers and caretakers of public buildings.
It deals with the physics of ventilation, and is replete with the
author's careful observations. It sets forth a great number of prac-
tical tests, and shows diagram matically buildings under various
conditions as to exposure and shelter.
The relation of a building to its environment of other buildings or
streets, their effect on it in directing or deflecting wind currents,
resulting in making some open windows outlets and others inlets of
air, and giving clearly the why and wherefore, are of great value,
and the study of the various examples will convey many a hint
which may enable the reader to deal with some obstinate problem
with which he is connected. .
Stress is laid upon the too-often-forgotten fact that there can be
no true ventilation without provision for inlet as well as outlet of
air, and the evil of excessive outlets is clearly shown. The diagrams
showing in conspicuous colour the various currents of air which
enter a building are well worthy of study, as are the plans and
sections showing how the action of wind reverses the action of so-
called inlet and outlet ventilation.
The chapter on the effects of moist air upon ventilation will repay
most careful study ; the demerits of highly heated iron plates and
steam pipes are considered, and heating by steam and hot water
* The "Ventilating, Heating, and Management of Churches and Public
Buildings. By G. W. Thomas, F.I.C., F.C.S. Longmans.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
26 BBYmws or books.
conttasted. The author considers (page 44) that hospital wards
*' should only be heated by air which luis passed over hot water pipes
whose temperature never exceeds 170° or 180® F." The washing
and filtration of air are considered. The necessity is insisted on for
the admission of warm fresh air at the lower part of a building for
the warming of walls, and the prevention of cold radiation from
windows ; and explanations are given as to the chemical causes of
foetid air.
While heating by gas lights is condemned, tbe author points out
tbat the substitution of electric lighting for gas lighting has in many
cases rendered the air in churches and balls more foul because *' less
air circulates, and it is nearly if not quite saturated with vapour
from breath." When therefore the cliange in the lighting medium
is under consideration it becomes necessary also to consider a revision
of the ventilating arrangements.
Downward ventilation is condemned ; ** the only way to get rid
of impurities and a foul atmosphere is to drive it out at tbe highest
point of a building." The author instances the example of the
French Chamber of Deputies, where downward ventilation had a
fair trial unhampered by any question of cost, and adds, " wherever
it has been tried on a large scale the failure which common sense,
with a knowledge of the physical behaviour of gases, predicts has
invariably been experienced/' All systems of heating and ventilation
come under review, and practical suggestions to caretakers are given.
The book has the great merit that it is not written in any trade
interest, but is the work of a scientific man.
E.T.H.
PEACTICAL BUILDING CONSTETJCTIOJST.*
This is the fourth edition of a well-known student's handbook on
Building Construction for preparation for the Examinations of the
Board of Education, the Eoyal Institute of British Architects, the
Surveyors' Institution, &c. The subjects are treated from a practical
point of view, and the methods employed in ordinary everyday
building are well illustrated by carefully drawn details, which are
clearly explained in the text.
The chapter on Sanitation might well be expanded in the next
edition. The illustrations to the suggested method of sub-irrigation
for sewage treatment do not carry out the suggestion in the least
that the discharge should be large and intermittent.
The illustration to the cylinder system of heating hot water wants
further explanation; a diagram showing the hot and cold water-
pipes in the house connected with the cylinder would make the
matter much clearer. The following description to those who have
no previous knowledge of the system can hardly be considered
* Practical Building Construction. By John Farnell Allen* Crosby
Lockwood & Son.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
\
iUaTDSWS OE BOOKS. 27
enlightening. *' Atmospherio heating is on a patent prhiciple, the
main features of which are the waste or exhaust steam is sucked
into the pipes and radiators by means of a vacuum pipe and regulated
by special (thermostatic) valves, the basis being the flow of the steam
and condensation from a pressure slightly above into a pressure
slightly below that of the atmosphere." The utilization of the heat
from exhaust steam is so important that the subject might well be
more clearly explained. '
H.D.S-W.
THE DEAINAGE OF TOWN AND COUNTET HOUSES.*
Although this is a nicely-written book its object is not clear. It
might prove interesting to householders and country gentlemen, who
would doubtless gain useful information from it, but it is scarcely a
text-book for students. Its scope under the various headings is
narrow, and its teaching does not appear to be always sound.
The principles enunciated in places are open to question; but, apart
from these, exception must be taken to the reference to many details.
For example, it is stated that the very best kind of soil pipe is the
lead-lined iron pipe, whereas it is common knowledge that the lead
creeps in the iron and causes great trouble ; as a matter of fact the
use of this kind of piping has been discontinued. In the chapter on
Water Closets the author, having stated that the "siphonic is the
best of all, goes to some pains to describe one of this type and then
ends up by saying that this closet cannot be used for the pouring
down of slops, as it will become untrapped. It hardly seems logical
to say that a w.c. which cannot be used for a purpose to which w.c's
in an ordinary house are daily put, is the best of all types. . Again,
when mentioning latrines (though what latrines have got to do with
a town or country house is hard to say) the author draws attention
to a pattern which is only a trough latrine, and leaves the impression
that such an apparatus is consistent with good sanitation. Particu-
lars are given of only two waste-preventing cisterns, and these not
of a specially good kind.
In the chapter on sewage disposal, it is suggested that a soaking
cesspool may be within 40 feet of a well, and the discharge of the
overflow from a cesspool into a ditch is recognized as a passable
arrangement. The effluent from a septic tank is stated to be less
suited to land treatment than crude sewage. Of biological processes
for sewage purification only the septic tank system is mentioned.
The above are some of the examples serving to illustrate the
remarks previously made with reference to the scope and teaching of
the book.
Chapters giving a model specification and by-laws relating to
house drainage are added, but on the whole, a perusal of the work
*The Drainage of Town and Country Houses. By G. A. T. Middleton,
A.R.I.B.A. 150 pp., 8vo. London, 1903. B. T. Batsford. Price 48. 6d. net.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
28 BETIEWS OF BOOKSr
leaves the impression that the author has not had a Yery wide ex-
perience of the practical application of the subject of which he treats.
W.C.T.
OEIENTAL DEAINAGB, A GUIDE TO THE COLLECTION,
EEMOVAL, AND DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE IN EASTEEN
CITIES.*
The success of the author's two smaller volumes of Notes on Sewage
Disposal has fortunately led him to complete this larger work on the
principles and engineering details of the subject in special reference
to the East. He observes that at Bombay all the chief races of the
world are represented, each with its own customs and prejudices,
most of which the sanitarian must consider, so that experience there
gained is applicable to almost any tropical city. The utility of the
book is emphasized by the author's warning that "what may be wholly
successful in Europe is not necessarily so in Asia." Still it is inte-
resting to note that modern bacterial methods as developed in Britain
and America have been adopted with success in hot countries. A
suggestive section is that on the utilization of the septic gas at
Matunga, where 200 to 300 cubic feet are collected per day and used,
as at Exeter, to light an incandescent burner, while attempts are
being made to operate a small gas engine with it. The difficulty of
treating trade refuse by precipitation, especially that of tanneries, is
mentioned (p. 196). The coloured folding plates, though useful and
well drawn, give a somewhat untidy appearance to the book. The
print is very legible, and the style, while not sacrificing correctness,
is sufficiently simple and interesting for ordinary readers. A glossary
is added at the end, but we notice that a few technical words, such
as " conservancy," are not explained. The table of contents should
be paged. S. E.
* Oriental Drainage, a Guide to the Collection, Removal, and Disposal of
Sewage in Eastern Cities. By C. C. James, M.Inst.C.E., Bombay Munici-
fahty. Broad 8vo. 260 pp., 6U folding plates and 38 woodcuts. " Times of
ndia " Press, Bombay. 1902.
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AETICLBS ON PUBLIC HEALTH. 29
ARTICLES RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH,
Appearing in tbe cliief British and Foreign Journals and Transactions.
Abstracts of Titles classified in this List under the following
Jieadings : —
Science in Relation to Hygriene and Preventive Medicine.
Hygiene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions; and
Municipal Administration.
Building Materials, Construction, and Machinery.
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Refuse Disposal.
Heating, Lighting, and Ventilating.
Personal and Domestic Hygiene.
The articles referred to in this list are as far as possible collected and
filed in the Library of the Institute for the v^e of the Members
and Associates.
Science in relation to Hygiene and Preventive Medicine.
ASAKAWA, Prof. W. Ueber das Wesen der Agglutination und
eine neue Methode, die Agglutination schnell zu beobachten
(Gefriermethode). Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infections-
krankheiteny Vol. XLV., Heft 1, p. 93.
The paper deals with agglutination, and describes a new method
for speedily observing agglutination (freezing method).
AxELRAD, Cesar. Ueber die Morpholosie der Colonien patho-
gener Bakterien. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infections-
krankheiten^ Vol. XLV., Heft 3, p. 477.
The paper deals with the morphology of the colonies of pathogenic
bacteria.
« Builder," Editor of. The Rainfall of October, 1903. 28th
Nov., 1903, p. 542.
Description of the irregular nature of the rainfall over the
country.
Chlopin, G. W., und Tammann, G. Ueber den Einfluss hoher
Drucke auf Microorganismen. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und
Infectionskrankheiteny Vol. XLV., Heft 2, p. 171.
The paper deals with the influence of high pressures on micro-
organisms.
Christy, C, M.D. Malaria Prophylaxis for Travellers. Jour-
nal of State Medicine J January, 1904, p. 24.
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ABTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
CoHN, Dr. E. Ueber die Immunisirung von Typhusbacillen
fegen die baktericiden Krafte des Serums. Zeitachrift fur
Jygiene u. Infectionakrankheiteiiy Vol. XLV., Heft 1, p. 61.
The author deals with the immunising of typhoid bacilli against the
bactericidal powers of serum.
Elgart, Dr. J. Zur Prophylaxe der acuten Exantheme. Zeit-
achrift filr Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLIV.,
Heft 2, p. 196.
The author deals with the prophylaxis of the acute Exanthemata.
Ferdinand, Hueppe, M.D. Tuberculosis. Journal of State
Medicine^ January, 1904, p. 1.
Being the third and last of the Harben Lectures for 1903.
Gaffky, Dr. Nach welcher Richtung bediirfen unsere der-
zeitigen Massnahmen zur Bekampfung der Tuberculose der
Erganzung? Deutsche Vierteljahrsachrift fur offentliche Ge-
mndheitspflege. Vol. XXXVL, Heft 1, p. 11.
The author deals with the question in what direction our present
rules for the prevention of tuberculosis are be supplemented.
Jaeger, Dr. H. Die specifische Agglutination der Meningo-
kokken als Hilfsmittel zu ihrer Artbestimmung und zur
bakteriologischen Diagnose der epidemischen Genickstarre.
Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol.
XLIV., Heft 2, p. 225.
The paper deals with the specific agglutination, of meningococci as
a means of identification of the various species and for the bacterio-
logical diagnosis of meningitis.
Jensen, V. Ueber die Entwickelung der durch subcutane
Einimpfung von Saccharamyces neoformans (Sanfelice) hervor-
geruf enen Knotchen. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infections-
kranlcheitm. Vol. XLV., Heft 2, p. 298.
The paper deals with the development of the lumps produced by
the subcutaneous injection of Saccharomycis neoformans,
JoCKMANN, Dr. G. Ueber das fast constante Vorkommen in-
fluenzaahnlicher Bakterien im Keuchhusten-Sputum. Zeit-
schrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol. XLIV.,
Heft 3, p. 498.
The paper deals with the nearly constant appearance of influenza-
like bacilli in whooping-cough sputum.
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ABTIGLES Oir PUBLIC HBALTH. 31
JtjRGELUNAS, Dr. A. Ueber die Serumtherapie des Milzbrandes.
Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiteriy Vol.
XLIV., Heft 2, p. 273.
The author deals with the question of the serum therapeutics of
anthrax.
KisSKALT, Dr. K. Beitrage zur Lehre der natiirlichen Im-
munitat : I. — Die cutane Infection. Zeitschrift fUr Hygiene
und Ivfectionskrankheitenj Vol. XLV., Heft 1, p. 1.
The paper deals with natural immmunity, and more particularly
with cutaneous infection.
Kleine, Dr. F. K. Ueber Botz. Zeitschrift filr Hygiene und
Tnfectionskrankheiteny Vol. XXXIV., Heft 2, p. 183.
The paper deals with the bacillus of glanders and its character-
istics.
Ko^LZER, Dr. W. Die ruhige Expirationsluft des Phthisikers
ist volkommen frei von Tuberkelbacillen. Zeitschrift fur
Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLIV., Heft 2,
p. 217.
The author comes to the conclusion that the air expired by con-
sumptive patients is not entirely free of tubercle bacilli.
KoLLE, Prof. Dr. W., and Otto, Dr. R. Untersuchungen
liber die Pest-Immunitat. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infec-
tionskrcmklieiteny Vol. XLV., Heft 3, p. 507.
The paper deals with the question of immunity against bubonic
plague.
KoRTE, Dr. W. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Paratyphus.
Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol.
XLIV., Heft 2, p. 243.
This is a contribution to our knowledge of paratyphus.
Krause, Dr. P., and Sterz, Dr. G. Ein Beitrag zur Typhus-
diagnose aus dem Stuhle mittels des v. Drigalski-Conradi'schen
Verf ahren. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^
Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 469.
The authors examine into the method of typhoid diagnosis dis-
covered by Drigalski and Conradi, and come to the conclusion that it
affords a means to safely establish a typhoid case within from 24 to
48 hours, but they add that typhoid stools do not in every case con-
tain typhoid bacilli.
Lloyd, J. S. The Milk Supply of Large Towns. Journal of
State Medicine^ Januar}^, 1904, p, 12.
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32 AETICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
Manicatibe, Dr. M. Ueber Aetiologie und Serotherapie des
Keuchhusteiis. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrank-
heiten, Vol. XLV., Heft 3, p. 469.
The paper deals with the aetiology and serotherapy of whooping-
cough.
Marc, Dr. T. Die Malaria im Turkestan. Zeitschrift fur
Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLV., Heft 3, p. 365,
The paper contains parasitological and clinical observations on
the malaria in Turkestan.
Mavrojaunis, Dr. A. Das Formol als Mittel zur Erforschung
der Gelatine-verfliissigung durch die Mikroben. Beitrage
zum Herdium der verfliissigenden Diastasin. Zeitschrift fur
Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLV., Heft 1,
p. 108.
The paper deals with formol as a means for investigating the
liquefaction of gelatine by microbes.
MiTULESCu, Dr. J. Beitrage zur Aetiologie der Tuberculose.
Zeitschrift fiir Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol.
XLIV., Heft 3, p. 397.
This is a contribution to our knowledge of the aetiology of tuber-
culosis.
MoLLERS, Dr. B. Beitrage zur Verbreitung und Prophylaxe
der Tuberkulose. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infections-
krankheiten. Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 407.
The paper deals with the propagation and prophylaxis of tubercu-
losis.
Negri, Dr. A. Zur Aetiologie der ToUwuth : Die Diagnose
ToUwuth auf Grund der neuen Befunde. Zeitschrift fur
Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol. XLIV., Heft 3,
p. 519.
The author deals with the aetiology of rabies and its diagnosis.
Neufeld, Dr. F. Ueber Immunitat und Agglutination bei
Streptokokken. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrank-
heiten. Vol. XLIV., Heft 2, p. 161.
The author deals with the question of immunity and agglutination
with streptococci.
Neumann, Dr. R. O. Beitrage zur Frage der pestahnlichen
rattenpathogenen Bacterien. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und
Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol, XLV., Heft 3, p. 450.
The paper describes bacilli, which are like those of the bubonic
plague and are pathogenic to rats.
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ABTIGUSS OK Pt7BLI0 KBALTH. OO
Ollwig, Dr. Bericht iiber die Thatigkeit der nach Ost-
Afrika zur Bekampfuhg der Malaria entsandten Expedition.
ZdUchrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLV.,
Heft 3, p. 403.
This is a report on the work of the expedition which was sent to
GFerman East Africa, by order of the Government, to combat malaria.
Sanfeuce, Prof. F. Ueber die pathogene Wirkung der Blas-
tomyceten. VI. Abhandlung. Ein Beitrag zur Aetiologie
der bosartigen Geschwiilste. Zeitschri/t fur Hygiene und
Infectiofmkrankheiten^ Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 364.
This is the sixth contribution of the author on the subject of the
pathogenic action of blastomycetis, and deals in particular with the
astiology of malignant abscesses.
SOHLESINGER, Dr. A. Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber
das Hamolysin der Streptokokken. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene
und Infectionskrankheiteny Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 428.
The author describes his experimental researches into the hemo-
lysin of streptococci.
SoHUT, Dr. J. Ueber das Absterben von Bakterien beim
Kochen unter erniedrigtem Druck. Zeitschrift fUr Hygiene
und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol. XLIV., Heft 2, p. 323.
The paper deals with the destruction of bacteria through boiling
at a reduced pressure.
SoHtJTZE, Dr. A. Zur Frage der Differenzirung einzelner
Hefearten mittels der Agglutinins Zeitschrift fur Hygiene
und Infectionskrankheiieny Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 423.
The paper deals with the differentiation of various kinds of yeast
with the aid of agglutinines.
Slater, John. Congress of Hygiene and Demography, Brus-
sels. RLB.A. Journal, 17th October, 1903, p. 539.
Letter reporting his visit with Mr. T. W. Cutler to the Congress
at Brussels from 2nd to 8th Sept., 1903.
Smith, W. E., M.D., and Sommerville, D., M.D. Note on
the Bacteriological Standardisation of Disinfectants. Journal
of State Medicine^ January, 1904, p. 41.
SzEKELT, Dr. A. VON. Beitrage zur Lebensdauer der Milz-
brandsporen. Zeitschrift fUr Hygiene und Infectionskrank-
heiten, Vol. XLIV., Heft 3, p. 359.
This is a contribution to our knowledge of the vitality of anthrax
bacilli.
VOL. XrV. PABT I. o
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34 ABTIGLBS Oy PUBLIC HEALTH.
ToTSUKA, Dr. K. Studien iiber Bacterium coli. Zeitschmft
fur Hygiene und Infectionskraiikheiteriy Vol. XLIV., Heft
1, p. 115.
The paper deals with bacterium coli.
VoOEL, E. O. Die Seuche unter den Angoni des Lago di
Lugano (Colibacillosis Alosae fintae.) Zeitschrift fur Hy-
giene imd Infectionskrankheitenj Vol. XLIV., Heft 2, p. 281.
The paper deals with an epizootic amongst a species of fish called
Agoni in the Lake of Lugano, which belongs to the group of
Clupcidse.
Hyg*lene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions ;
and Municipal Administration.
Cantlet, H. Muneo. Farm Buildings. Builder^ 28th Nov.
1903, p. 543.
Description of the arrangement of Farm Buildings, with remarks
as to drainage, ventilation, construction, &c.
Cheston and Pbrkin. Proposed Seaside Convalescent Home.
Builder, 3rd Oct., 1903, p. 338.
Plans, elevations, and description.
Barker, Algernon, Barrister-at-Law. Rights of Sewage :
Addenda and corrigenda. R.LB.A. Journal, 17th Oct., 1903,
p. 545.
Addenda and Corrigenda to paper in Journal, Vol. VIII. (1901),
8th June, p. 369 ; 27th July, p. 442 ; 31st Aug., p. 469.
BoRNTRAGER, Dr. Hygienische Einrichtungen der Gasthauser
und Schankstatten. Deutsche Vierteljahraichrift fur offent-
liche Gesundheitspflege, Vol. XXXVI., Heft 1, p. 41.
The paper deals with the sanitary arrangements to be adopted in
hotels and public-houses.
^' Builder,-' Editor of. Drains v. Sewers. 14th Nov., 1903,
p. 480.
Eeport of an action in which a ditch receiving rain-water from
three cottages and surface-water from the road was deemed to be a
sewer.
Hall, Edwin T., F.R.I.B.A. Frimley Sanatorium. Builder,
15th Aug., 1903, p. 184.
Plan and perspective view, with description of buildings, &c.
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▲BTIGLES ON PTJBLIO HBA.LTH.
36
Harston, a. and 0. Tooting Bee Asylum, Builder^ 20tb
June, 1903, p. 636.
Block plan and description of buildings.
Henman, W. Royal Victoria Hospital. RJ.B.A. Journal^
19th Dec, 1904, p. 89.
Photographs, plans, and description.
Hudson, E. W., F.R.I. B. A. German Technical High Schools
in relation to Construction and Architecture, RJ.B.A.
Journal, 29th Aug., 1903, p. 504.
The growth of Technical Education in G ermany, with reference to
those o? Great Britain, Paris, and the United States.
Matthbs, Dr. Zur Frage der Erdbestattung vom Standpunkt
der offentlichen Gesundheitspflege. Zeitachrift fur Hygiene
und Infectionskrankheiten, Vol. XLIV,, Heft 3, p. 439,
The author discusses from a sanitary point of view the burial of
the dead in earth.
RuMPELT and Stubben. Die Bauordnung im Dienste der
offentlichen Gesundheitspflege. DeutscJie Vierteljahrsschrift f.
offentliche Ge8undheitspflegey\o\. XXXIV., Heft 1, p. 152.
The authors deal with building by-laws from a sanitary point of view.
WoRTHiNGTON, Thos. and Percy. Manchester and Salford
Hospital for Skin Diseases. Builder, 22nd Aug., 1903, p. 206.
Description, with plans and elevations.
Building Materials, Construction, and Machinery.
*' Engineering Record." Standard Regulations for Fireproof
Buildings. 26th March, 1904, p. 401.
Abstract of the National Board of Fire Underwriters' Suggestions
to be incorporated in Building Laws.
K.1HN, Julius. A plea for re-enforced Concrete. Engineering
Record, 23rd Jan., 1904, p. 105.
Shows that re-enforced concrete, particularly for fire-resisting
floors, must be designed to resist both vertical and horiaontal sheer
stresses, as otherwise it is likely to be unsafe.
Water Supply, Sewerag^e, and Refuse Disposal.
Abba, Prof. Dr. F, Ueber den Mechanismus der biologischen
Selbstreinigung des Eises. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und In-*
fectionskranklieiten, Vol. XXXV., Heft 2, 285.
The paper deals with the mechanism of the biological self-purifica-
tion of ice.
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36 ABTI0LE8 OK FUBLIC HEALTH.
" BuiiJ)EB," Editob OF. The Pollution of Rivers. 21st Nov. ^
1903, p. 511.
Comment upon a deputation from Yorkshire to Local Oovemment
Board. Ezplauation of the position of manufacturers with regard
to Bivers Pollution Prevention Acts.
Prevention of Water Waste. 21st Nov., 1903, p. 519-
Beport of a Conference between the Plumbers Co. and B. I. B. A.
Besolutions as to education and employment of registered plumbers,
&c.
Artesian Wells in London. 2l8t Nov., 1903, p. 529.
Becord of strata passed through in boring a well in Einsbury
Square, which gives 2,000 gallons per hour pure drinking water.
Sewage Floods in Kensington. 17th Oct., 1903, p. 378.
Comment upon the medical officer of health's report for Septem-
ber, 1903.
"Engineering Record." A Concrete-Steel Reservoir for
East Orange, New Jersey. 26th March, 1904, p. 386.
Illustrated description of concrete-steel reservoir, 240 ft. by 139
ft. by 20 ft. deep, to hold five million gallons.
Water Supply and Drainage Systems in the Lorraine
Hotel, New York. 9th Jan., 1904, p. 57.
Illustrated description of water supply and drainage of a thirteen-
story apartment hotel, with frontages of 150 feet and 75 feet,
extending from 27 feet below ground-level to 161 feet above.
OHLMtJLLER, Dr. Reinigung des Trinkwassers durch Ozon..
Deutsche Vierteljahrsachrift fUr dffentliche Gesundheitspjlegej
Vol. XXXVL, Heft 1, p. 132.
The author deals with the purification of drinking water through
ozone.
Heating*, Lighting*, and Ventilating*.
Carpenter, Prof. R. C. The necessity of Moisture in Heated
Houses. Engineering Record^ 23rd Jan., 1904, p. 96.
Discussion of the subject and votes of tests of relative humidity
inside and outside.
Hauss, C. F. Heat Transmission Data for Calculating the
Proportions of Heating Systems. Engineering Becord, 23rd
Jan., 1904, p. 100.
Table of coefficients of heat transmission, chiefly through building;
materials, and calculations showing application to a given case.
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ABTICLES ON PUBLIO HEALTH. 37
Personal and Domestic Hygiene.
Dunbar, Dr. Prof, Die gesundheitliche Ueberwachung des
Verkehrs mit Milch. Deutsche VterteljcJirsschrift far bffenU
liche Gesundheitepjlegey Vol. XXXVI., Heft 1, p. *91,
The author deals with the sanitary fluperTision of the milk traffic.
JoRGKNSEN, AxEL. Untersuchungen iiber Formaldehyddesin-
fection nach der Breslauer Methode, speciele Desinfection
von Uniformen betreffend. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und In-
fectionskrankheiten^ Vol. XLV., Heft 2, p. 237.
The paper deals with the disinfection with formaldehyde according
to the Breslau method as especially relating to disinfection of uni-
forms.
ScHUMBURG, Dr. Ueber die Wirkung einiger chemischer
Desinfectionsmittel. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infections-
krankheiteuy Vol. XLV., Heft 1, p. 125.
The paper deals with the effect of some chemical disinfectants.
The author concludes that he does not believe it will be possible to
completely destroy pathogenic bacteria with chemical disinfectants in
a short time, say 45 minutes.
Trautmann, Dr. H. Der Bacillus der Diisseldorfer Fleisch-
vergiftung und die verwandten Bakterien der Paratyphus-
gruppe. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und Infectionskrankheiten,
V0I.XLV., Heftl,p. 139.
The paper deals with the bacillus of the Diisseldorf meat poisoning
case, and with the allied bacteria of the group of Paratyphus.
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MEBTINQS HELD.
MEETINGS HELD JANUARY TO MARCH, 1904.
Obdinary Genebal Meeting.
The Ordinary General Meeting was held on March j,23rd.
The Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for 1903 were
submitted. The Report on page 1 of this Supplement, gives
an account of the various branches of work undertaken by the
Institute.
The following OflScers and Members of the Council were
elected or re-elected.
Vice-Presidents.
His Gbace the Duke of ^NToethumbeeland K.G., P.C.
Bight Hon. Eakl Egerton of Tatton.
Eight Hon. Eakl Foetescue.
Eight Hon. Eakl Stamfoed.
Sib Joseph Eaykee, Baet., E:.C.S.I., LL.D., M.D., F.E.S.
Sib Fbancis Shaep Powell, Baet., M.P.
Sib William Heney Peeeoe, K.C.B., F.E.S., M.Inst.C.E.
Sib Hbnex Thompson, Baet., F.E.C.S., M.B.Lond.
Eobbet Faequhaeson M.D., M.P., LL.D.
A. Wyntee Blyth, M.E.C.S., F.I.C., F.C.S., Baeeistee-at-Law.
A. Wateehouse, E.A., F.E.I.B.A., LL.D.
Members of tJie Council.
H. Peeoy Boflnois, M.Inst.C.E.
Peof. J. Glaistee, M.D., D.P.H., F.F.P.S.a., F.C.S., F.E.S.E.
A. Saxon Snell, F.E.LB.A.
Heebeet Williams, M.D.LoNn.
Treasurer.
T. W. Cutleb, F.EJ.B.A.
Auditors.
W. Collingeibge, M.A,, M.D., LL.B., D.P.H.
Wood, Deew & Co.
Sessional Meetings.
A Sessional Meeting was held at Manchester, in the Muni-
cipal School of Technology, on Friday, January 29th, 1904,
when a Discussion on *^The Ventilation of Dwellings, Work-
shops, Hospitals, and Schools," was opened by Edwin T, Hall,
F.R.LB. A. The chair was taken by W. Whitaker, B. A, F.R.S.,
F.G.S., Chairman of Council.
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"MJEEHISQB HELD*
On Wednesday, February 10th, a Sessional Meeting was
held at the Institute, when a Discussion on " Road Sanitation "
was opened by J. Patten Barber, M.Inst. C.E., and Louis
C. Parkes, M.D., D.P.H. The chair was taken by the Right
Hon. Lord Monkswell, Chairman of the London County
Council.
A Sessional Meeting was held on Saturday, March 26th, at
the Institute, when a Discussion on "Municipal Rehousing"
was opened by W. E. Riley, F.R.I.B.A., Superintending
Architect, London County Council. The chair was taken by
the Worshipful the Mayor of St. Marylebone (Rev. H. Russell
Wakefield).
* Visits were made to the L.C.C. Bourne Estate, Clerkenwell
Road, and to the L.C.C. Cottage Estate, White Hart Lane,
Tottenham.
Examinations.
From January to March the following Examinations were
held:—
Pbactical Sanitabx Science.
December 18th and 19th, 1903, Sydney. 3 Candidates, 3 Certi-
ficates.
Pebruary 12th and 13th, 1904, Plymouth. 2 Candidates, 1 Certi-
ficate.
March 18th and 19th, 1904, Liverpool. 1 Candidate.
Inspectors of Nuisances.
December 18th and 19th, 1903, Sydney. 14 Candidates, 6 Certifi-
cates
February i2th and 13th, 1904, Plymouth. 34 Candidates, 13 Certi-
ficates.
March 4th and 5th, 1904, Edinburgh. 27 Candidates, 15 Certifi-
cates. 4H
March 18th and 19th, 1904, Liverpool. 46 Candidates, 24 Certifi-
cates.
March 25th and 26th, 1904. Durban, S.A. Hong Kong.
Pbactical Hygiene eoe School Teachers.
January 8th and 9th, 1904, Lewes. 7 Candidates, 3 Certificates.
February 5th, 1904, London. 1 Candidate, 1 Certificate.
March 4th and 5th, 1904, Edinburgh. 2 Candidates, 2 Certificates.
Inspectobs op Meat and Othee Foods.
March 11th and 12th, Leeds. 25 Candidates, 1 6 Certificates.
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40 CANDIDATES CBRTIYIOATKD,
Candidates who have kegeiyed CERTinoATES,
January— Maboh, 1904.
Practical Sanitary Sdenee.
1903, Dec. 19. Z Ashe, Katheb]ne Elizabeth.
1903, Dec. 19. Cbesswick, Ebnest Albebt.
1904, Feb. 13. Knioht, John Samuel.
1903, Dec. 19. Ebbd, Geobgb.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers,
1904, Jan. 9. X Jeffeby, Jane.
1904, Mar. 5. Lawbence, James Linton.
1904, Mar. S.ZJStewabt, Janet.
1904, Jan. 9. ZTatlob, Elizabeth Ann.
1904, Feb. 5. Vulliamy, Violet Nobah.
1904, Jan. 9. Williams, William John.
Inspector of Meat and Other Foods.
1904, Mar. 12. Ackbel, William.
1904, Mar. 12. Bbaithwaite, Thomas.
1904, Mar. 12. Bbigg, Thomas.
1904, Mar. 12. Cabbatt, Edwin.
1904, Mar. 12. Cottam, Abthttr.
1904, Mar. 12. Cboss, Henby Ettstaoe.
1904, Mar. 12. Dawes, Jess Coopeb.
1904, Mar. 12. Dbttmmond, Alfbed Edwin.
1904, Mar. 12. Hallbb, William Cubtis.
1904, Man 12. Hawobth, John.
1904, Mar. 12. Jones, Wentwobth.
1904, Mar. 12. Nicholson, Thomas.
1904, Mar. 12. Shillito, John Abthub.
1904, Mar. 12. Wabbington, John James.
1904, Mar. 12. Wilkinson, Joseph Henby.
1904, Mar. 12. Wood, Edwabd.
Inspector of Nuisances.
1904, Mar. 19. Aldbed, Fbank.
1904, Mar. 19. Allman, Bernabd.
1904, Mar. 19. Ashbbidge, Geobqe.
1904, Mar. 5. Asheb, William.
1904, Mar. 19. Bablow, Reginald.
1904, Mar. 5. Bbgg, Samuel.
1904, Mar. 19. Billing, Joseph Denman.
1904, Mar. 19. Bbiggs, John William.
1904, Mar. 19. Bbosteb, Dayid.
1904, Mar. 5. Cabfbab, Dayid.
1904, Mar. 5. Coltillb, John.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
CJlSDWJlTEB 0BBTI7I0ATBJ). 41
904, Mar. 19. Cosgeotb, William.
904, Mar. 19. Ceaven, John.
904, Mar. 19.. Cbikglb, GtBOEgb.
904, Mar. 5. Davidson, Albxandbb.
904, Mar. 19. Davis, Feed.
903, Dec. 19. Diokson, Thomas Hbioit.
903, Dec. 19. Zi Donald, Maeoaebt Evbltn.
904, Feb. 13. Dukb, Edgae William Feancis.
904, Feb. 13. Eldeidgb, Wm. Hbney
904, Mar. 5.2^ Gavin, Lizzie Bobeetson.
904, Mar. 19. Goodybe, Lbonaed Eenbst.
904, Mar. 19. Ginobe, Febdbeiok Waltee.
904, Mar. 5. Hamimx)n, Albxandbe Sangstbe.
904, Mar. 5. Haedie, Andebw.
904, Feb. 13. Haeeis, Thomas Hbnet.
904, Mar. 19. Hayes, Chaeles William.
904, Mar. 19. I^Hinton, Bbatbiob Evelyn.
904, Feb. 13. Hoopee, Lbonaed Geoegb.
904, Feb. 13. Hopkins, Ouvee William
904, Mar. 19. Jones, Moegan Rbes.
903, Dec. 19. Kbnoh, Aethue.
904, Mar. 19. ZLogeib, Jane Elizabeth Hoetbnsb.
904, Mar. 6. MacLeod, Hbney MtJLLBE.
904, Feb. 13. Mason, Albbet Geoegb.
904, Mar. 5. MoPhbeson, Albxandbe.
904, Mar. 5. Mbecbe, James.
904, Mar. 19. Miles, Philip.
904, Mar. 5. Milne, Jambs.
904, Mar. 6. Mueeay, Febdbeiok Cheistian.
904, Feb. 13. Mutton, John.
904, Mar. 19. Z^Nuttall, Janb.
904, Feb. 13. Pbaecb, Paembnas E. B.
904, Feb. 13. Pbneosb, Jas. Wm. Hy.
904, Feb. 13. Pbnwill, Geoegb Aethite.
903, Dec. 19. Peinglb, John Eobbet.
904, Mar. 5. Eitchib, John.
904, Feb. 13. L Shioklb, Mabel G. M.
904, Mar, 19. Shaoklbton, Edwin.
904, Mar. 19. Simmons, S. Hbebbet V.
903, Dec. 19. Sinfibld, Amos.
904, Mar. 19. Smedley, Albbet Cecil.
904, Mar. 6. Stieling, Jambs.
904, Feb. 13. Thoening, John.
904, Mar. 19. Walkbe, Feanois Jas. Bebchbe.
903, Dec. 19. Watson, John.
904, Mar. 19. Williams, William Gladstone.
904, Feb. 13. Tbo, Waltbe.
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42 EXAMINATIOK QUEBTIOKB.
Examination Questions*
Practical Sanitary Science. — Sydney, N.S.W., December 18th
and 19th, 1903.
1. Sketch on diagram B, and describe, any alterations you may
think necessary in the fittings, connections, or drain shown in
diagram A.
2. Describe the best methods of purifying drinking water (a) for a
town supply, (b) for domestic use in an isolated dweUing.
3. What factors are involved in the ventilation of rooms, and how
do they influence the position of ventilators ?
4. Mention the different methods in vogue for the disposal of town
sewage at the outfall. Describe one such method in detail.
5. Explain the production of clouds and rain. What is meant by
"saturated air''?
6. How should the walls, floors, ceiling, and joinery work of
hospital wards be constructed and finished so as to render them non-
absorbent, and so as to afford as little lodgment as possible for dust ?
7. What is the difference between a high and a low pressure
system of Lot-water heating? Describe generally the arrangements
of each, and state their relative merits and demerits.
8. Give an average estimate of the quantity of water per head
required to provide for the needs of a household of ten persons, and
state in what proportions the amount is usually allocated to various
uses (cooking, bathing, washing, etc.).
The Candidates were examined vivd voce on the l^th.
Practical Sanitary Science. — Plymouth, Feb. 12th and 13th, 1904.
1. Explain what is meant by ''watershed/' "gathering ground,''
"dip," "fault," "percolation," and "spring."
2. What is the best aspect for a dining room, kitchen, drawing
room, school class room ? Give reasons.
3. Write a short specification for plumber's work to a lead flat,
guttering, flashings, cistern, bath, and lavatory.
4. Describe the various forms of fire-resisting construction.
Illustrate by sketches.
5. How is the amount of carbonic acid given off by a person in one
hour estimated ? What are the chief conditions which increase the
amount of carbonic acid given off,
6. What methods would you adopt in dealing with (a) urine and
fflBces, (h) house slops (including bath water), (c) "dry" domestic
refuse, of an isolated country house of 8 rooms, at a long distance
from sewers, situated in a square garden of 4 acres on a sandy slope ?
7. What is the discharging capacity (in cubic feet per minute) of
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BXA.1CINATION QUBSTIONSt 43
a 2 feet circular sewer, running full — the inclination being 1 in 600?
Give the formula used, and show the working.
8. Sketch in section a good form of refuse destructor, and describe
its working.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 13ih,
Practical Sanitary Science. — Liverpool, March 18th and 19th, 1904.
1. What do you understand by the terms " capillarity," " latent
heat," "specific gravity? " What relation does the volume of a gas
bear to (a) pressure ; (b) heat ?
2. What percentage of rain falling on the surface of the ground
penetrates so as to be available afterwards in the following strata —
(a) New Eed Sandstone ; (6) Chalk ; (c) Loose Tertiary Sand.
3. What points of the compass are best for a house to face and
why? What is the difference between magnetic north and true
north ? State approximately at what points the sun rises and sets
in January, March, and June.
4. Describe and illustrate by sketches on a scale of lin. to 2ft. two
methods ot* forming - (a) sound-proof floors ; (6) fire-resisting floors.
5. Sketch a schoolroom for (say) 40 children, showing positions
and sizes of windows, provision for ventilation, and arrangement of
desks and seats.
6. How would you ascertain the amount of air passing up a
circular shaft 3ft. in diameter ? What are the chief sources of error
which have to be guarded against in the methods you adopt, and the
instruments employed?
7. It is proposed to convey the sewage of a town by an outfall
• sewer to discharge into a tidal estuary. State what conditions
shpuld be observed in order to prevent pollution of the foreshore.
8. Describe in outline three systems of biological sewage purifica-
tion, and state briefly the principles of the biolysis of sewage.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 19<A.
Injectors of Meat and other Foods. — Leeds, March 11th and 12th, 1904.
(Only eight of the questions to he answeredi^)
1. What symptoms are shown during life, and what lesions are
found after death in a cow suffering from a febrile disease ?
2. Describe the life history of the parasites known as Cysticercus
CellulossB, and Flukes.
3. What is meant by a ''reaction'^ to tuberculin ? What conditions
affect the reaction ?
4. Describe the following organs : kidneys, Hver, spleen, pancreas —
and state their relative position in the carcase of the ox.
5. Describe and indicate the positions of the more important
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
44 BXAHnrATioir questioks.
lymphatic glands. State exactly how you would make an examination
of the glands to detect disease, and what value you would attach to
this.
6. How would you test meat which shows no outward signs of
decomposition ?
7. Mention the signs of tuberculosis in the ox, pig, and in fowls.
What diseases may this afEection be mistaken for, and how would
you distinguish them ?
8. Describe the process of "salting" meat. What are the dangers
which should be guarded against in this method of preserving meat ?
9. Describe the provisions necessary for lighting, ventilation, water
supply, and drainage of a well-constructed cowshed.
10. Why is insensibility desirable as a first step in the slaughtering
of large animals ? Describe the methods adopted to secure it, and
state which you prefer^ and why ?
The Candidates were epcamined viv& voce on the 12th,
Inspectors of Nuisances.— Sydney, N.S.W., Dec. 18th and 19th, 1903.
1. A hall, 80 feet long, 35 feet wide, and 30 feet high in the
centre, the ceiling being semi-circular, requires for efficient ventilation
to have the whole of the air changed thrice within the hour. How
many cubic feet of air should be supplied per minute to effect this ?
2. What is the order of procedure prescribed by the Public Health
Act in purchasing samples of food for analysis.
3. How would you proceed to test the drains and internal fittings
of an old house ?
4. What diseases are liable to be spread by milk, and in what way
does milk become the carrier of those diseases.
5. What are the principal sources of water supply? State the
probable character of the water drawn from each as regards purity,
giving reasons.
6. State fully how subsoils may become polluted in towns and
villages.
7. What action is a local authority required to take by the Public
Health Act and the regulations made under it, as soon as it has been
notified of the presence of a case of infectious disease on premises
within its district ? Name those diseases which are notifiable under
that Act.
8. Describe, and sketch on diagram B, any alterations you may
think necessary in the fittings, connections, and drain shown in
diagram A. Write a short specification for execution of the work,
mentioning sizes, weights of material to be employed, and how the
work is to be carried out.
The Candidates were examined viv& voce on the \2th.
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BXAJilNATIOK QUESTIONS. 45
Inspectors of Nuisances. — Plymouth, February 12th and 13th, 1904*
1. State the law providing for the abatement of smoke nuisance..
What observations would you take in order to report upon a case ?
2. What is a nuisance? Mention the nuisances specially defined
by the Public Health Act, 1875. What circumstances would decide
you as to whether a notice for the abatement of a nuisance should
be served on the owner or on the occupier.
3. State the legislative requirements for broad and for narrow
canal-boats, giving minimum capacity of fore and aft cabins, regula-
tions as to water supply, ventilation, cleanliness, marking and
certificates. State generally the powers under Canal- Boats Acts.
4. How is roof area measured for calculating rain-fall ? Give the
surface area of a roof having the dimensions shown in the sketch.
10 ft.
.S
40 feet 30 feet.
Front Elevation. Side Elevation.
5 Water from a polluted well is used for the preparation of aerated
beverages. Detail the procedure which would be necessary in order
to have the supply condemned and closed.
6. A case of small-pox has been notified, the patient residing in a
private dwelling house. State in detail the actions which should be
taken to prevent the spread of infection.
7. Explain the terms (a) invert level, (h) boning-rod, (c) sight-rail.
Mention the points to which you would direct special attention in
examining a newly-laid and uncovered house drain.
8. Describe in detail the methods of collecting and disposing of
house refuse in a village where there are no sewers, by the "pail,"'
" midden," and "dry earth" systems.
The Candidates were examined viv& voce on the 13<A.
Inspectors of Nuisances. — ^Edinburgh, March 4th and 5th, 1904.
1. An outbreak of diphtheria occurs in a town (A). The milk
supply obtained from a farm situated in a town twenty miles away is
suspected. What powers have the authorities of A to make further-
investigations in regard to the milk ?
2. What are the risks attending the use, for drinking water, of a
stream flowing through cultivated land with isolated farmsteads on
the gathering ground? How may water be sterilized?
3. How wo^d you proceed to ascertain the existence of a smoke
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46
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
nuisance, and what are the powers of a sanitary authority to deal
with such a nuisance ?
4. Draw out suitable headings for a register of cases of notifiable
infectious diseases occurring in your district.
6. Explain how you would make an inspection of a dwelling alleged
to be in a state so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unfit for
Tiuman habitation. Draw up a form of report book suitable for
recording the results of your inspection.
6. Explain with sketches the following :— (a) junction between
w.c. and soil-pipe, (6) junction between lead soil-pipe and stone-ware
•drain, (c) junction between lead and iron pipes.
7. Describe in detail the methods of applying (a) the water test,
<6) the smoke test, (c) any "scent" tests you may be acquainted
with, to a system of house drains.
8. What test would you employ for (1) cast-iron drains, (2) new
«tone-ware drains, (3) old stone-ware drains?
9. What is the cubical space in a room of the dimensions shewn
in the sketch, the height being 15 feet ?
The Candidates were examined viv& voce on the 5ih.
' Inspectors of Nuisances. — Liverpool, March 18th and 19th, 1904.
1. Grive a brief outline of the principal points dealt with under the
'Dairies, Cowsheds^ and Milkshops Orders of the Local Government
Board.
2. Under what conditions may cellar dwellings be inhabited
according to the Public Health Acts? Define the term "house,**
with examples.
3. How would you test the condition of a smoked ham ? What
indications would lead you to condemn it as unfit for food ?
4. Detail the procedure to be taken in the following cases : — Pro-
curing samples of — butter in course of delivery ; milk in transit at
railway station ; margarine in course of transit by public conveyance.
5. What measures would you adopt for the disinfection of the
permanent structure, furniture, bedding, and clothing in a common
lodging-house, containing some 50 inmates, in which a severe case of
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS,
47
small-pox had occurred and been detained for some days, and what
other measure would you adopt to check the spead of disease from
such a centre of infection ?
6. What volume of air would pass through a circular yentilating
shaft 8 inches in diameter, during one hour with a mean current
through the shaft of 5 feet per second ? Show the working out of
the calculation.
7. Calculate the cubic contents of a room of the plan given and
10 feet high.
^.
BJt-
I
zojt
8. Of what materials should the supply pipes from the street
water main to houses be constructed? At what depth below the
ground should they be laid ?
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 19th»
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers, — Lewes, Jan. 8fch & 9th, 1904.
(Only twelve questions to be answered^ the selection being left to the
candidate,)
1. Name the different types of food. To which one does gelatine
belong ? Discuss the food value of this substance.
2. Describe shortly how the blood is purified in the lungs.
3. Mention the various causes of myopia in school children, and
explain the conformation of the eye which causes the short sight.
4. Name the periods during which children from infected houses
should be excluded from schools in the cases of the following diseases :
(a) small-pox, (5) measles, (c) rdtheln, (d) diphtheria. What is meant
by an incubation period ?
5. What should be the nature of the first aid given in the two
following accidents : — ^a bad scald, a fracture with dislocation at the
ankle-joint ?
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48 SXAMIKATION QUXBTIOKS.
6. How can the air of a classroom be kept in motion and an equable
temperature be maintained in the room at the same time ? What is
a suitable air-temperature during a lesson in which the scholars are
sitting still ?
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of heating by low-
pressure hot-water pipes, by an open fire, and by a closed coke stove ?
8. Why is a damp, uneven surface to a playground undesirable,
and how can this be avoided ? Describe three different methods of
making the surfaces of playgrounds.
9. Describe the fittings and sanitary appliances required in a good
well-furnished school lavatory. What precautions would you take
to ensure a supply of pure and reliable drinking-water to a school or
private house ?
10. Describe what, in your opinion, is the best type of latrine for
an elementary school. Sketch roughly a plan of the drainage of the
playground.
11. Sketch a sectional side view of a school desk and seat, and shew
the position a scholar should take when writing — and when reading.
12. State concisely the points you would refer to in giving a lesson
in hygiene based upon the arrangements of the school in which the
lesson is given.
13. Discuss the value of supervising and controlling the school
games, etc., during play-hours, from the standpoint of (a) character-
building, (h) physical development.
14. Construct time-tables of alternate periods of work and play for
children aged respectively from 4 to 6 years, and from 12 to 14 years.
Give reasons for any difference you may see fit to make in these.
TTie Candidates were examined vivft voce on the 9th.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers. — London, February 5th, 1904.
{Only twelve questions to he answered^ the selection being left to the
candidate.)
1. Describe the structure and functions of the skin.
2. What is the composition of bone ? What effect has the nature
of the food on the formation and growth of bone ?
3. Indicate how the following articles of food should be made : —
Beef-tea ; prepared milk for a child three months old.
4. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of the various
materials generally used for clothing.
6. How would you treat a scholar in the case of a severe attack of
bleeding from the nose ?
6. An outbreak of diphtheria having occurred in the school what
precautions would you take with regard to the school buildings and
appliances ?
7* Discuss the reasons for paying attention to the teeth during
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS, 49
scbool-ages. -What may be done by school authorities in this
direction ?
8. What are the early symptoms of ophthalmia and ringworm?
Indicate the nature of the measures which should be taken to guard
against the spread of these diseases in school.
9. State fully the points to be considered in the planning and
arrangement of an elementary school class-room for 48 children ;
give the dimensions of the room, and draw an outline plan showing
doors, windows, fireplace, and position of desks and teacher.
10. Explain the term "natural ventilation." Discuss its applica-
tion to schools. State the advantages and disadvantages of this
method.
11. Give a sketch of two forms of ventilator, which in your
opinion are suitable for a large elementary school-room. State
briefly the good points of each form, and the position in which they
should be placed.
12. What arrangements should be made for the water supply of a
school building and what precautions should be taken with regard to
filters and drinking cups ?
13. In a school for 100 girls what provision should be made for
(a) lavatories ; (b) water-closets.
2^he Candidates were examined viva voce on the f^ih.
Practical Hygiene far School Teachers. — Edinburgh, March 4th
and 5th, 1904.
(Only ten questions to he answered^ the selection being left to the
candidate.)
1. Describe the curves of the normal spine, and explain how these
may be distorted during school life owing to the bad habits of the
scholar.
2. What are the causes of '* mouth breathing." and what is the
importance of correcting it in infancy ? .
3. Mention the various causes of myopia (short sight) in school
children, and explain the conformation of the eye which causes the
short sight.
4. Describe how cow's milk should be prepared for an infant six
months old, and indicate the amount desirable for one meal for an
average child.
5. What is the value of exercise in development, and to what par-
ticular objects should such exercise be directed in school life ? What
forms of exercise are in your opinion best adapted to meet these par-
ticular obiects ?
6. What symptoms in a child at school would indicate the existence
of measles, whooping cough, and scarlet fever respectively ? How
long should children living in a home where either of these diseases
VOL. XXT. PART I. D
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60 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
has occurred be excluded from school after recovery or removal of
the sufferer.
7. How would you distinguish between an epileptic fit and a faint-
ing fit ? Indicate the nature of the aid you would give in each case.
What is a shallow well ? In what ways may it get polluted, and
what may be done to guard against each kind of pollution ?
8. What steps should be taken to maintain a healthy atmosphere
in a classroom throughout the day ? How would you test the con-
dition of the atmosphere? What is a suitable temperature for
children to work in ?
9. State fully the disadvantages of lighting a classroom from
windows behind the children ? Sketch in outline a plan of a class-
room, showing windows, doors, and fireplace in the most suitable
Dositions.
10. Describe and sketch a method of conveying drainage from
w.c.'s on two upper floors to the sewer.
11. What measure would you take as the teacher of a form to give
your class actual knowledge of all sanitary and hygienic apparatus ofc*
which he will have to make use, either directly or indirectly, during
his time in school ? In what way is knowledge so acquired likely to
lead to more healthy conditions in the child's home life ?
12. What intervals of brain repose are recognised as necessary
during the three hours of morning school, to allow free circulation of
the blood through the body ? What is the ideal method of allowing
the child to employ these intervals so as to gain the greatest mental
and bodily vigour ?
13. How may rational education be directed to the following
points : — (a) the habit of close observation ; (b) discrimination of
likeness and difference ; (c) the power of correct inferences ; (d) the
command of language to formulate correctly and definitely.
14. Discuss the connection between bodily health and training,
and mental health and training. G-ive reasons for presenting to the
student of hygiene, the actual object under consideration in preference
to a good diagram or description.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 5th,
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS.
April — June.
Annual Dinner.
The Annual Dinner of the Institute will be held at the
Whitehall Eooms on May 2nd. The chair v^ill be taken by
Egbert Farquharson, M.D., M.P., LL.D., Vice-President
of the Institute.
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rOBTHCOMINQ MEETINGS. «51
Congress and Exhibition, 1904.
A Preliminary Programme of the arrangements made for the
Twenty-second Congress and Exhibition oi the Institute, to be
held at Glasgow from July 25th to the 30th, 1904, under the
Presidency of the Et. Hon. Lord Blythswood, LL.D., D.L.,
follows page 66.
Examinations.
The following Examinations have been arranged during April
to July : —
For Inspectors of Nuisances under the Public Health Act^ 1875 —
Birmingham, April 15th and 16th.
London, May 6th and 7th.
Folkestone, May 20th and 21st
Manchester, June 3rd and 4th.
Leeds, June 10th and 11th.
Montreal, June 15th.
Cork, June 24th and 25th.
Cardiff, July 1st and 2nd.
Liverpool, July 15th and 16th.
Inspectors of Meat and other Foods, —
London, May 13th and 14th.
Glasgow, June 17th and 18th.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers, —
Leeds, June 10th and 11th.
Practical Sanitary Science, —
Birmingham, April 15 th and 16th.
London, May 6th and 7th.
Folkestone, May 20th and 21st.
Manchester, June 3rd and 4th.
Leeds, June 10th and 11th.
Cork, June 24th and 25th.
Cardiff, July 1st and 2nd.
Liverpool, July 15th and 16th.
Provincial Sessional Meeting, Cardiff.
A Provincial Sessional Meeting will be held in the Town
Hall, Cardiff, on April 23rd, at 11 a.m., when a Discussion
will be opened by E. Walford, M.D., D.P.H., on " School
Hygiene in its relation to Education Authorities."
It is proposed to arrange for Sessional Meetings to be held in
the following centres during the Autumn Session : — Brighton,
Nottingham.
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62 FOBTHCOMIIfG MEETINGS.
Calendar, April to July, 1904.
As far as at present arrangsd.
Council Meetings are held Monthly on the Second Wednesday in
each Month at 5 p.m.
Exhibition Committee . .) Monday in the week preceding the
Congress and Editing Committee ) Council, at 4.30 p.m. & 5.30 p.m.
Examination Committee . . ) Tuesday in the week preceding the
Museum and Library Committee} Council, at 4 p m. and 6 p.m.
Special Purposes Committee . ] Wednesday in the week preceding
Finance Committee . . *.) the Council, at 4 p.m. and 5 p.m.
Parliamentary Committee . .\
New Premises Committee . . [ * . •
Disinfectant Standardisation f ^
Committee . . . .)
The Parkes Museum is open free, on Mondays 10 a.m. to 8 p.m., other
days 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. The Library is closed at 1 p.m. on Saturday.
Ccmncil and Committee Meetings are suspended dumng August and Sept,,
and the Museum and Library are closed on 'public holidays;
APRIL.
4 M 1 ^^^^ Holidays. Library and Museum Closed.
8 F. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course.
11 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Signs of Health and Disease
in Animals destined for food, wheu alive and after slaughter. Tu-
berculous and other Tests, by W. Hunting, p.r.c.v.s.
13 W. Inspection and Demonstration at the East London Soap Works, Bow,
at 3 p.m. (Messrs. E. Cook «& Co., Ltd.)
13 W. Lecture to Sanitary OflScers at 7 p.m. The Names and Situations of
the Organs of the Body in Animals, by W. Hunting, f.r.c.v.s.
15 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Diseased Meat, with a Demon-
stration of Morbid Specimens collected from Meat Markets, by
James King, m.r.c,v.s., Veterinary Inspector, Metropolitan Cattle
Market.
15 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
16 S. I Nnisances, Birmingham.
18 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Practical Methods of Stalling
and Slaughtering Animals, by W. Hunting, f.r.c.v.s.
20 W. Inspection and Demonstration at Harrison and Barber's Knacker
Yard, Winthrop Street, Whitechapel, E., at 3 p.m. Conducted by
H. King Shaw.
20 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. The appearance and Character
of Fresh Meat, Organs, Fat, Blood, Fish, Poultry, Milk, Fruit,
Vegetables, and other food, and the conditions rendering them, or
preparations of them, fit or unfit for human consumption. Preser-
ving and Storing Meat and other Foods, by E. Petronell Manby,
B.A., M.D. D.P.H., Medical Inspector, L.G.B.
22 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. The Hygiene of Byres, Lairs,
Cow Sheds and Slaughter Houses, and all places where animals
destined for the supply of food are kept, and the Hygiene of
Digitized by LjOOQIC
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS. 53
Markets, Dairies, and other places where food is stored, prepared, or
exposed for sale, and transported, by E. Petronell Manby, b.a., m.d.,
D.P.H., Medical Inspector, L.G.B.
23 S. Sessional Meeting at 11 a.m., Cardiff. Discussion on School
Hygiene in connection with the Duties and Responsibilities of the
new Education Authorities, opened by E. Walford, m.d., d.p.h.
26 M. Lectures to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. The Laws, By-Laws, and
Regulations affecting the Inspection and Sale of Meat and other
articles of Food, including their preparation and adulteration, by E.
Petronell Manby, b.a., m.d., d.p.h.. Medical Inspector, L.G.B.
27 W. Inspection and Demonstration at the Metropolitan Cattle Market,
York Road, N., at 2 p.m. Conducted by James King, m.r.o.t.s.,
Veterinary Inspector, Metropolitan Cattle Market.
30 S. Demonsti'ation — Meat Inspectors' Course.
30 S. Sessional Meeting at 11.30 a.m., London. Discussion on Food
and Meat Inspection, opened by Col. J. Lane Notter, b.a.m.c., m.a.,
M.D., and W. Hunting, f.r.c.v.s.
MAY.
2 M. Institute Dinner at Whitehall Rooms. Robert Farquharson,
M.D., M.P., LL.D., in the Chair.
6 P. I Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
7 S. j Nuisances, London.
13 F )
j^ g* [ Examination for Inspectors of Meat and other Foods, London.
14 S. Lecture to School Teachers in Parkes Museum, at 10 a.m., on Con-
struction and Furnishing of Schools, by Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m:.b.
20 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
21 S. j Nuisances, Folkestone.
23 M. Bank Holiday. Library and Museum closed.
28 S. Lecture to School Teachers in Pai-kes Museum, at 10 a.m., on Con-
struction and Furnishing of Schools, by Prof. fl. R. Kenwood, m.b.
JUNE.
3 P. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
4 S. j Nuisances, Manchester.
4 S. Lecture to School Teachers in Parkes Museum, at 10 a.m., by
J. Osborne Smith, p.b.i.b.a.
10 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science, Practical Hygiene for
11 S. ) School Teachers, and for Inspectors of Nuisances, Leeds.
11 S. Lecture to School Teachers in Parkes Museum, at 10 a.m., by
J. Osborne Smith, f.b.i.b.a.
15 W. Examination for Inspectors of Nuisances, Montreal, Canada.
17 F )
18 8 f E^^°^"i8ition for Inspectors of Meat and Other Foods, Glasgow.
18 8. Lecture to School Teachers in Parkes Museum, at 10 a.m., by
J. Osborne Smith, f.b.i.b.a.
24 P. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
26 8. ) Nuisances, Cork.
JULY.
1 F. I Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
2 8./ Nuisances, Cardiff.
15 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
16 S. j Nuisances, Liverpool.
21 Th. to Aug. 13th. Exhibition at Glasgow.
25 M. to 30th. Annual Congrress at Glasgow.
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54 FELLOWS AND MEMBE&S ELECTED.
FELLOWS, MEMBEES, AND ASSOCIATES
Elected Jaititaey — Mabch, 1904.
No.' Eleotion. FELLOWS.
1268 1904. JFeb. Glaisteb, Prof., John, m.d.,d.p.h.camb.,f.b.s.edin..
The University, Glasgow.
"°^1904. Feb. Eayenhill, Miss Alice, c/o Miss Girisejppi, 72,
Shaftesbury Road, Hammersmith, W,
*" 1904. Feb. Snell, Alfred Saxon W., ir.E.i.B.A., 22, Southamp-
ton Buildings, Chancery Lane, W, C,
MEMBEES.
* Passed Examination in Practical Sanitaiy Science.
a Passed Examination in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
1736 2904. Jan. Bennett, S. Barlow, Ancoats House^ Eaglesdiffe
E.S.O., Co. Durham.
"*^ 1904. Jan. Blanchaed, J. F., assocm.inst.cb., Stu>art Rouse,
Queenstown, Co. Cork.
""^ 1904, Feb. *Bottomley, Gibson, Vienna Boad, Edgeley, Stock-
port,
^^®^1904. Jan. *Bridel, George James, 3, King William Street,
Greenwich.
""1904. Jan. *Butchee, Malcolm Henry, 54, Old Broad Street,
B.C.
""1904. Jan. Butleb-Hogan, John Francis, b.a., m.d., d.bc,
D.P.H., L.B.O.P., Medical Officer of Health, Bruce
Ca>stle, Tottenham, iV.
"'*°1904. Mar. Chambbes, Sidney Harry, Surveyor's Office, High
Street, Hampton-on-Thames.
"" 1904. Mar. Clemmet, William Newlands, m.e.o.b., l.e.o.p.lond.,
27, Merton Boad, Booth.
""1904. Jan. *Daties, Enoch Christopher, The Wliite House,
Eye, Suffolk.
1765 2904. Jan. *Feaser, Roderick Aird, City Inspector, Brisbane,
Queensland.
"^* 1904. Feb, Gaie, James, Borough Surveyor's Office, Town HaU,
Hammersmith, W.
"" 1904. Feb. Guy, Albert Lewis, a.e.i.b.a., 4, Verulam Buildings,
Gray's Inn, W.C.
"^^ 1904. Feb. Hamilton, James, l.e.o.p., m.e.o.s.. Medical Officer
of Health, Lifford House, Dartford.
'1904, Jan. Heath, John Bichard, Assist. Borough Surveyor,
Burslem, Staffordshire^
1766 ■
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
MBMBEBB ELECTED.
55
Beg. Date of
No. Election.
"^'1904. Feb. Hibbeet, Joseph Coote, m.d., m.e.o.s., l.e.cp.,
D.P.H., 19, Plymouth Boad, Penarth^ Olam,
"" 1904. Jan. Hodgson, John Slack, assoo.m.inst.o.e., 24, Bride
Lane, Fleet Street, E,C.
1758 1904. Jan. *Jaoobs, Paul George, assoo.m.inst.o.e., cjo Messrs.
E. S. KingSf Co., 65, Comhill, E.G.
"" 1904. Mar. jAPfEEY, William, Matlock Bath, Derbyshire.
"" 1904. Mar. Jenkins, William David, 2, Bank Terrace, Llandilo,
South Wales.
"^ 1904. Feb. Jones, William David, Claremont, Cape Colony, S.
Africa.
"*'1904. Jan. *King, James Ernest, 3, Hewitts VUlas, Aylsham
Mood, Norwich.
1760 3^904^ Jan. *Lorbtz, Louis F. G-., '^Fairlawn,'' Ghiswich Lane,
ChiswicJc, Wn
^^*^1904. Jan. *Mabsh, Oliver William, Elmwood, Ihdunch Rise,
S.E.
1769 190^^ jg^jj^ Palmee, Henry William Hetherington, The Outer
Temple, 222, Strand, W.C.
'^° 1904. Feb. Peescott, W. H., Council Offices, Tottenham, N.
"^*1904. Mar. Quinnell, Wilmot Clifton, m.b.o.v.s.lond., Bris-
bane, Queensland.
"*' 1904. Mar. Eidgwat, George Edward, cJo Mather Sf FlaU, Ltd.,
Manchester.
^^^' 1904. Feb. Salisbury, Charles Eam8den,L.E.o.p.,M.E.o.s.,D.p.H.,
188, Evering Moad, Stoke Newington, N.
"*« 1904. Mar. Thompson, Frank Ernest, The Laboratory, Lichfield
Chambers, Walsall, Staffs.
1789JL904. Mar. Thompson, J. Ashburton, m.d., l.e.cp., m.e.o.s.,
D.P.H., Chief Medical Officer of the New South Wales
Government, Sydney.
""1904. Mar. .sVulliamy, Miss Violet Norah, NoHhgate House,
Ipswich.
^^'^ 1904. Feb. Wibbeelet, John, Municipal Offices, Tuns Gate,
Guildford.
*^^^ 1904. Mar. Wilkinson, Harry Fellowes, Fulford House, The
Crescent, South Tottenliam.
"^® 1904. Feb. *Young, Arthur G., 90, Longbridge Boad, Barking,
Essex.
ASSOCIATES.
X Passed Examination for Inspector of Nuisances.
31S6 1904. peb. JAdkins, Percy Charles, 128, Prince of Wales Boad,
Kentish Town, N. W.
'"" 1904. Feb. J Andeeson, Albert, Albion House, Leeds Bd., Nelson.
3182 1904. Mar. JAtkins, Miss Susannah Margaret, 15, Plough and
Harrow Boad, Edgbaston, Birmingham.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
56 A88O0IATBS ELBOTBD.
Seg. Dftte of
No. Election.
""•1904. Jan. iBALDWiN, Arthur Eobert, 12, Ketiaingtm Place^
Campden Hill, W.
'°^ 1904. Jan. iBANCEorr, John Henry, 143, Alma Road, Bourne-
mouth, '
"^^ 1904. Jan. JBangbr, Frank William Godfrey, Ferndale Houses
OUfieU Park, Both.
«M 1904. Mar. Babohaed, Miss Eleanor E., Ihiddleswell, Uckfield,
Sussex,
8080 2904. Jan. JBates, W., 267, South View, StacksUads, near
Bacup, Lanes,
'°" 1904. Jan. JBetts, Thomas, 45, Beaumont Street, Portland Place,
London, W,
3081 iQQ^ jg^jj JBiETWiSTLB, Walter Ashworth, 9, Albert Terrace,
. Crawshawhooth, Manchester.
•"*1904. Mar. Blewitt, Miss M. E. T., 20, Courtfield Gardens,
S.W.
'^"1904. Jan. JBeadshaw, Alfred Herbert, 75, Devonshire Street,
V Higher Broughton, Manchester,
3088^904 jajj JBeook, Edwin William Ambrose, Bowness, Blan-
merle Moad, New Eltham, Kent,
'"' 1904. Jan. tBEOWN, George, 52, St, Paul's Road^ Preston,
'"° 1904. Feb. iBEUCB, Thomas Mackintosh, High St,, Errol, N,B,
'°®*1904. Jan. JBeuton, Harold George, The Vicarage, Great Hay-
wood, Stafford,
3085 29Q4^ jg^jj^ JBunkbe, Frederick William, 63^ Ivy Road, Luton,
Bedfordshire,
3088 i9Q4^ Jan. iCAEEOLL, James William, 68, Baltry Street, Hull,
3205 2904. Mar. JChambbelain, A. E., 584, Rochdale Road, Man-
chester.
'"* 1904. Jan. JChoelton, Miss Mary, OaTc House, Audenshatv, Man-
chewier,
''" 1904. Feb. JClaekb, J. H., 225, Camherwell Road, S,E,
'^"1904. Feb. JClegg, Eobert, Bale Bank, Bacup, Lanes,
'"® 1904. Mar. Cliffb, Miss Louisa, 29, Stanley Gardens, NoUing
Hill Gate, S.W.
^'^'1904. Mar. Cook, Miss Ethel Margaret, 17, Keppd St,, Russell
Square, W,C,
soar 2^904^ Jan. JCottbeill, Walter, Heathside, Manchester Road,
Knutsford, Cheshire,
'"'1904. Feb. iCEOssLBY, John Thomas, 23, Featherstall Road,
Littlehorough,
''** 1904. Feb. JDashpee, Leslie Graham, The Town Hall, Sandown,
'"' 1904. Feb. JDavis, Philip, 22, Ripon Street, Aylesbury,
'**'1904. Mar. Dentith, Miss Elizabeth Southorn, Ecclesbourne
Park Road, W. Dulwich.
'^*« 1904. Mar. JDuck, Albert G., 10, Edge Hill, Plumstead, S.E.
'^•"1904, Mar. JEldeidge, William Henry, 13, Prospect Place,
Hastings.
"^* 1904. Feb. JElton, Clarence Bailey, 17th D,aO. Lancers, Mary
Hill, Glasgow,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ASSOCIATES ELECTED. 67
Beg. Date of
No. Election.
31G6 2904^ Yeh. iEMERY, William, Station Town, Windgate, Durham.
^^*'1904. Feb. JEyans, Pierse, Building Inspector, Carnarvon, N,
Wales,
''*'n904. Feb. JFairchild, William Brjant, The Butts, Alton,
Southampton.
^'"' 1904. Jan. JFosteh, George William, 69, St. Peter's Road, Clee-
thorpes. Lines.
^"'^^ 1904. Jan. JFbost, Edmund, 16, North Boad, West Kirhy,
Cheshire.
'°'° 1904. Jan. iFBOST, William Thomas, 18, Jaffrey Street, Leigh,
La'iics.
312.1 19Q4 jj^jj^ JGat, James, Beechwood, Juniper Oreen, Mid Lothian,
N.B.
3138 i^Q^^ Yeh. jGiBSOx, Annie, 37, Punstoch Road, Darwen.
^'^^ 1904. Feb. JGoddabd, Elijah Henry, 34, Flewitt St., Nottingham.
30912^904^ Jan. iGEEBNWooD, Charles, Lan,caster County Asylum,
Lancashire.
3U0 2^904^ pg|j^ :tGBi]?fDBOD, Squire, 52, Clayton Street, Nelson.
3ieio 1904. Mar. Halset, Miss Evangeline, 25, Belgrave Road, South
Norwood, S.E.
''"1904. Feb. JHabgbaves, Fred, ^2, Hindle Street, Darwen.
' 1904. Jan. JHabbis, Miss Annie Kate, 299, City Road, N.
1904. Mar. JHabbis, Thomas Henry, Rose Cottage, Northfield
Road, Okehampton.
1904. Jan. iHABTLET, Nicholas, 28, Napier Street, Nelson.
1904. Feb. JHabvey, John Stuart, 422, Hornsey Rd., London, N.
'" 1904. Feb. JHesse, Miss Jessie Alice, Rose Villa, Walpole Rd.,
S. Woodford.
'' '' 1904. Feb. JHeywood, Miss Ada Fanny, 103, InderwicJc Road,
Hornsey, N.
''"' 1904. Feb. JHilham, George Henry, 76, Lower Cliff Rd., Oorles-
ton, Norfolk.
'^'' 1904. Jan. JHills, Walter V., Borough Suj-veyor's Office, Town
tiall, Finshury, B.C.
1904. Jan. JHolmes, George J., 54, Cedar Street, Derby.
1904. Mar. JHoopee, Leonard George, 54, Charlotte St., Morice
Toivn, Devonport.
^-^"^ 1904. Mar. JHopkins,' Oliver William, 23, Gomwell Buildings,
Bath.
^'^ 1904. Mar. Howabd, Horace, 3, Castledine Road, Anerley, S.E.
^'" 1904. Feb. t Jagg, Bertie, 22, Wingmore Road, Camherwell, S.E.
309S 1904. Jan. JJepson, Livingstone, 16, Cuerdon Street, Burnley.
312-5 1904. Jan. JJohnson, Frederick James, c/o G.P.O., Winnijpeg,
Canada.
3096 1904. Jan. t Johnstone, Frank, Cleadon Village, DurJiam.
1904. Jan. tJoHNSTONE, Moses, East View, Bonds, Qarstang,
Lanes,
1904. Jan. + Jones, George, Upper Houghton Regis, Dunstable,
Bedford.
3l2t
319ri
3002
3L69
3170
3094
3199
,3128 1
3097 -
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
58 A880CX1TBS ELBCTBD.
Beg. Dftt6 of
No. Election.
'''' 1904. Mar. Jones, Miss Mildred O., BueJcleigh Lodge, BvMeigh
Bd,, Streatham.
'"' 1904. Mar. Jones, Miss Eva Harriet, " Tanganyika," Freshwater
Bay, Isle of Wight.
'"' 1904. Feb. JKat, Miss Ellen, 166, OrenviUe Street, Stockport.
8098 JL904. Jan. JKehslake, Charles Henry, 7, Belf Boad, East Dul-
wich, Surrey,
3193 1904, Mar. Lawbencb, William John, 333, KenningUm Boad^
SM.
3099 1904, Jan. JLatland, Bobert Jasper William, Billericay, Es^ex,
^^^ 1904. Jan. JLoaoh, John, 8, NorthcoU Boad, Strood, Bochester,
Kent,
'^"1904. Eeb. JMarsden, G. W., 78, HuddersfieU Boad, WyJce,
Bradford,
'^°^ 1904. Jan. JMarsden, Leonard, Junr., 3, Brierdiffe St,, Colne,
Lanes,
'"^1904. Jan. JMcGtilliveat, Donald Grant, 24a, Caroline Street,
Forres, Elgin, jV.-B.
3102 1904, Jan. JMoebison, Miss Catherine Alice, 2a, Adeney Boad,
Hammersmith, W»
"'' 1904. Mar. JMutton, John, St, Austell, Cornwall.
^^■^^ 1904. Feb. JOrange, Miss Enid, Godalming, Surrey,
''°* 1904. Jan. JOveeend, John William, Eccleshill, Bradford.
'^''* 1904. Jan. JOxfoed, Harry Arthur, 110, Tulse Hill, London, S. E.
3202 1904^ -^Qj. jPbnwill, George Arthnr, 80, High Street, Totnes,
Devon.
3203 1904 Mar. JPerein, William James, 2^, Heron Boad, Heme
Hill, S.E,
''** 1904. Feb. JPlumb, Albert Herbert, 67, BirTcbech Boad, TotUn-
ham, N,
'"U904. Jan. JPollaed, James Herbert, 390, Eccleshall Boad,
Sheffield,
^"* 1904. Eeb. JPoolet, James William, 14, Castle Street, Kendal.
3130 1904. Jan. iPoPE, Samuel, 35, Mersey Boad, Widnes, Lanes.
'^®*1904. Mar. Poetlock, Miss Mabel, 42, Lordship Park, Stoke
Newington, N.
•*'"* 1904. Peb. JEawlino, Leonard, 137, Clayton Lane, Opmshaw.
^^°* 1904. Jan. JRenaud, Miss Elia, 38, Marchmont Street, Bussell
Square, W,C,
^*" 1904. Eeb. JEenshaw, Thomas, 14, Clarice Street, St. Helens.
^^*^ 1904. Feb. JRiohaedson, Harry, 10, Abercrombie Street, Chester-
fieU.
3105 1904. Jan. JEobeet, L. '¥.,'City Hall, Montreal, Canada.
'"^904, Feb. JRobinson, Harold Victor, 2S, Amcliff Gardens,
W, Hartlepool.
'"' 1904. Feb. JSaxton, George Arthur, 40, Springfield Place, Leeds.
3106 1904^ Jan. JShaeples, John, 646, Oldham Boad, Failsworth,
near Manchester.
''"^ 1904. Feb. JShaw, Harry, 5, Barhley Street, Beeston, Leeds.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
ASSOCIATES EltBCTED. 59
Beg. Date of
No. Election.
"°* 1904. Mar. JShiokle, Miss Mabel Gt. M., 9, Cavendish Crescent
Bath.
'^" 1904. Jan. JSimpson, George Charles, 97, Goodrich Eoad, East
Didwich^ Surrey.
''''" 1904. Feb. JSmith, Arthur Thomas, 24, Mthergreen Road, Run-
moor, Sheffield.
^^^"^ 1904. Jan. JSmith, John Dick, j.p., Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia.
'^" 1904. Feb. JSmith, John Percy, Holly Cottage, Qodstone Road,
Kenley, Surrey.
=*''U904. Feb. JSpeingett; Frederick William, 11, Hardcastle St,,
Feckham, S.K
''°'' 1904. Jan. JStaptlton, Miss Mabel, 20, Mortlake Rd., Kew, W.
'"® 1904. Jan. JStevbns, John, 115, Marsh House Lane, Warrington,
Lanes.
'"^ 1904. Feb. JStewaet, B. T., 9, Errington Rd., St. Peter's ParTc,
Paddington.
'"* 1904. Feb. JStieeat, Alex Houston, The BoJcshurg Municipality,
Transvaal.
'"* 1904. Feb. JS wain, Charles Walter, 15, Orchard Place, Chichester.
''" 1904. Feb. JTatlob, John, 52, Chorley Street, Warrington.
"*®1904. Feb. JTatloe, John Eobert, Esthivaite Howe, Sawrey,
Lanes,
•''"° 1904. Jan. JTatloe, Thomas James Ealph, RushtvicJc, near
Worcester.
^'" 1904. Feb. JTbnnbnt, E., Junr., 9, Bedford Rd., Walton, Liver-
pool.
3"^ 1904. Jan. jThomas, Arthur, 72, Hastings Avenue, Dane Park,
Margate.
""''1904. Feb. JThompsok, Miss Emily Maria, 95, The Avenue,
Tottenham, iVl
""•* 1904. Feb. JTeickbtt, Arnold Beaumont, 116, Spotland Road,
Rochdale.
^"® 1904. Feb. JTeimnell, Miss Henrietta Louisa, 323, Brayhoume
Avenue, Clapham, S. W.
^^^^ 1904. Jan. JTuenbe, Percy Edwards John, 78, Paradise Road,
Stockwell, S. W.
3133 2904. Jan. JTuenbe, William, 192, Oerrard Street, Lozells, Bir-
mingham.
^*" 1904. Jan. J Valentine, Miss Magdalene Forbes, 8, Castle St.,
Montrose, Forfarshire, N.B.
"'**' 1904. Feb. JWalkee, Miss Phoebe Margaret, 1, Oibhon Road,
Nunhead, S.E.
3195 1904, Mar. JWaltees, Thomas Oakley, Strawberry Cottage, Mor-
riston RJS.O., Qlam.
'''*1904^ Jan. J Waebueton, William Q., Surveyor's Office, Public
Rooms, Hornsea, Tories.
^^^ 1904. Jan. JWaeb, Arthur Lee, 139, Warwick Road, Kensing
Urn, W.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
60 ASSOCIATES ELECTED.
Reg. Date of
No. Election.
''" 1904. Jan. JWatkin, Miss Q-erfcrude Emily, 24, EardUy Ores-
cent, Earls Court, S. W.
"''' 1904. Jan. JWatkins, Wilfrid, Post Office, Llangynidr, Orkk-
Jiowell, Brecon.
^^" 1904. Jan. JWebb, Benjamin, Brentwood, Berlchy St., Worcester,
^^" 1904. Jan. JWheelbb, Leonard Charles, " ffurlingham,*' WoTcing,
Surrey.
^^" 1904. Jan. JWtLCOX, Douglas John, Old Harbour, Burry Port,
CarTnarthenshire.
"'" 1904. Jan. JWilkinson, Harry Herbert, Post Office, West Marsh,
Grimsby,
1904. Jan. JWilliams, Daniel Thomas, 9, The Parade, Cardiff.
1904. Mar. Williams, Miss L. Buckley, 11, Maiden Road,
Acton, W.
''" 1904. Feb. iWiTHBBS, Edwin Ernest, 15, Herndon Bd., Wands-
worth.
3120 i9Q4^ Jan, iWooD, David Pimm, 41, Loudoun Bd., South ffamp-
stead, N.W.
3119
319B
CONTRIBUTIONS AND ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY.
During March, 1904.
*^* For publications of Societies and Institutions, ^c, see under
" AcademiesJ'
ACADEMIES (British),
London. The Medical Society, Transactions of the. Vol. XXVI.
1903. 361 pp., 8vo. London, 1903. The Society.
The Association of Municipal and County Engineers. Pro-
ceedings. Vol. XXIX., 1902-1903. 384 pp., 8vo. London,
1903. The Association.
Edinburgh. Qusen Vid,oria^s Jubilee Institute of Nurses. Fifteenth
Annual Report, 1903. 32 pp., 8vo. Edinburgh, 1903.
The Institute.
Ballin, A. S., Mrs., and Weldon, E. A., Miss. The Kindergarten
System Explained. 132 pp., Svo., London, 1903. The Authors.
Birmingham. Housing of the Working Classes. Appendix to Report
of the Housing Committee to the City Council, 20th Oct., 1903.
139 pp., 8vo. Birmingham, 1903. Councillor Nettlefold.
Verbatim Report of the Speech of Councillor Nettlefold,
made in moving the adoption of the Report of the Housing Com-
mittee, October 20th, 1903. 8 pp., 8vo. Birmingham, 1903.
The Author.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
COXTEIBUTIONS TO LIBBAET. 61
Board of Agriculture and Fisheries. Agricultural Eetums, Great
Britain, 1903 (Produce Crops). 33 pp., 870. London, 1904.
The Board.
Bulawayo. Mayor's Minute, with Departmental Eeports, Balance
Sheet, &c. Year ending July, 1903. 28 pp., fcp. Bulawayo,
1903. The Mayor,
Clowes, Prof. F., D.SC, The Biological Disposal of Sewage from
Isolated Buildings. Eead before the Eoyal Institute of British
Architects. 16 pp.» 4to. London, 1904. The Author.
Goux, de la IT. The Industrial Uses of Water. Translated from
the French and revised by Arthur Morris. 364 pp., 8vo. London,
1903. The Publishers (Scott, Greenwood Sf Co.).
Dhingra, M. Z., M.D., G.M.Edin. Elementary Bacteriology. 140
pp., 8vo, London, 1903. The Publishers (Longmans, Green Sf Co.).
Factories & Workshops. Supplement to the Annual Eeport of the
Chief Inspector for the year 1902. 40 pp., fcap. London, 1904.
B. A. Whitelegrje, C.B., M.D., D.P.H.
Gramett, W., M.A. An Elementary Treatise on Heat. 316 pp., 8vo.
Cambridge, 1893. Purchased.
Grrehant, Prof. M. Nestor. Mesure de I'Activite Physiologique des
Eeins par le Dosage de TUree dans le Sang et dans I'Urine.
Journal de Physiol ogie et de Pathologie generale. 8 pp., 8vo. Paris,
1904. ' The Author.
Ham, Burnett B., M.D., D.P.H. The Spirit of Hygeia in Australia.
12 pp., 8vo. The Author.
Koylsike and West Kirby U.D.C. Meteorological Department. Eeport
and results of Observations for the year 1903, by T. Eobinson.
7 pp. Hoylake, 1904. The Author.
Irelajid. Calendar of the Pharmaceutical Society, 1904. Vol. XXVIII.
221 pp., 8vo. Dublin, 1904. The Registrar of the Society.
Jensen, Gerard J. G., G.E. Modern House Drainage, Plans, and
Diagrams. 8vo. London, 1908. The Sanitary Publishing Co., Ltd.
Local Government Boardl Thirty-first Annual Eeport. Supple-
ment in continuation of the Eeport of the Medical Officer for
1901-02, on Lead Poisoning and Water Supplies. Vol. II.
455 pp. (Plates), 8vo. London, 1903.
W. H. Power, G.B., F.R.S.
London. Official Dlustrated Catalogue of the International Exhi-
bition, London, 1862. Volumes I.— IV. 4to. London, 1862.
The Society of Arts.
First Eeport from the Select Committee on the House of
Commons (Ventilation), together with the Proceedings of the
Committee, Minutes of Evidence, and Appendix (Session 1902).
97 pp., fcp. London, 1903. Purchased.
Eeport from the Select Committee on the House of Commons
(Ventilation), together with the Proceedings of the Committee,
Minutes of Evidence, Appendix, and Index for 1902-1903. 56
pp., fcp. London, 1903. Purchased.
Eeport of the Select Committee on Ventilation appointed by
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
62 COBTTEIBUTIONS TO LIBBABT.
the House of Commons (Blue Book, 1903). 31 pp., 8vo. London,
1903. The Publishers {HicJcson, Ward 4' Co.
London. Eoyal Commission on Arsenical Poisoning. Einal Eeport of
the Eoyal Commission appointed to Inquire into Arsenical Poison-
ing from the Consumption of Beer and other articles of food or
drink. 52 pp., fcp. London, 1903. G, S, Buchanan^ M,D,
—^ The Oxford and Cambridge Practical Mensuration. 96 pp.,
8vo. London, 1903. Purchased,
London (City of). Kitchens of Eestaurants and above-ground
Bakehouses, Standard for Voluntary Sanitary Certificates, &c.,
by the Medical Officer of Health. 10 pp., fcp. London, 1903.
W. Collingridge^ M,A,, M.D.
London Comity Council. Eeport of the Public Health Committee
of the London County Council submitting the Eeport of the
Medical Officer of Health of the County for the Tear 1902.
155 pp., fcp. London, 1903. Shirley F, Murphy, M,0,H,
Massaehuisetts. Thirty-fourth Annual Eeport of the State Board of
Health, 1902. 598 pp., 8vo. Boston, 1903. The Board.
MEDICAL OFFICEES OF HEALTH AND OTHEB
SANITAEY EEPOETS.
Aberdeen, Dec, 1903-Jan.,
1904 Matthew Hay, M.D.
Bourne, 1903 . . ,. J.W. Burdwood, M.O,ff.
Brentford, 1903 . . .. J.E. Fothergill, PA,S.L
Bucklow & Districts, 1903 . T. W. IT. Garstang, M.A,Oxon., D.P.H.
Chiswick (San. Insp.), 1903 J. H. Clarke.
Clayton-le-Moors, 1903 . . G. H. Tattersall, L.B.CP., M.B.C.S.
Finsbury, 1903 . . . . George Newman, M,D.
Glossop-Dale, 1903. . ..D.J. Mackenzie, M.D.
Glossop, 1903 . . ..D.J. Mackenzie, M.D.
Handsworth, 1903 . . ..J. Bichmond, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.
Harrow-on-the-Hill, 1903 .. J. Fletcher Little, M.B.Cantab., M.B.C.P.
Hereford, 1903 . . .. E. Cecil Moore, M.B.C.S., L.S.A.
Huddersfield, for 4th quarter
of the Tear 1903. . . . S. G. Moore, M.B., D.P.H.
Johannesburg, 1st July, 1902
to 30th June, 1903 . . Charles Porter, M.D., D.P.H.
London (City of), Nov., 1903
-March 12th, 1904 . . W. Collingridge, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.
Lowestoft, 1903 . . ..A. Marshall, D.P.H., M.O.H.
Maidstone (San. Insp.), 1903 W. Jackling, A.S.L
Montreal, 1903 . . .. L. Laberge, M.O.H.
New Windsor, 1903 . . K Casey, M.O.H
Port Elizabeth (San. Insp.),
1903 S. Kemp, M.I.S.E., A.SJ.
Redditch, 1903 . , ..J. Stevenson, M.B., D.P.H.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
COirrEIBUTIONS TO LIBBABT. 63
Bichmond, 1903 . . .. J.H. CroeJcer, M.D., D.P.ff.
Biver Tyne Fort Sanitary
Authority, 1903 . . , . W. E. Harher, M.D., M.O.H.
Eothwell, 1901, 1902, &1903 B. Stevenson, M.O.H.
St Thomas, 1903 . . ..EH, Quick, Mem.San.In8L
Tottenham, 1903 . . .. J.F. Butler Hogan, B.A,, M.D., D.P.H.
Waltham Holy CroBB, 1903 . J. Damer-Priest, D.P.H.
West Biding C.C J. E. Kaye, M.B.
Wimbledon, 1903 . . .. E. Pochlington, M.O.H.
Mill, H. E., D.Sc., LL.D. On the Distribution o£ Mean and
Extreme Annual Eainfall over the British Isles. 91 pp. (plates)
8vo. London, 1904. The Author.
New Jersey State Board of Health. Sanitary Inspection Service
Circular 110. August, 1903. 10 pp., 8vo. Trenton, 1903.
The Board of Health.
Kew South Wales. Eeport on Leprosy in New South Wales for
the year 1901. 10 pp., fcap. Sydney, 1901.
J. Ashhurton Thompson, M.D.
Niven, James, M.A., M.D. Food and Drink in relation to Disease :
Feeding in relation to the Health of the Young. Lecture delivered
at the Victoria University Public Health Laboratory. 42 pp.. 4 to.
Manchester, 1904. Prof. A. S. Delepine, M.B., CM., B.Sc.
Hotter, Col J. Lane, M.A., M.D., D.P.H. Spread and Distribution
of Infectious Diseases, Spread of Typhoid Fever, Dysentery, and
Allied Diseases among large communities, with special reference to
Military Life in Tropical and Sub-tropical Countries. Lecture
delivered at the Victoria University Public Health Laboratory.
18 pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904. Prof. A. S. Delepine, M.B., B.Sc.
Hottingham. The Meteorology of Nottingham for the Tear 1903,
by Arthur Brown, M.Inst.C.E., F.E.Met.Soc, and P. Boobbyer,
M.D. Fcp. Nottingham, 1903. The Authors.
OHver, Thomas, M.A., M.D., LL.D., F.E.G.P. Industrial Diseases,
Poisoning by Phosphorus, Sulphuretted Hydrogen and Carbon
Monoxide. Lecture delivered at Victoria University, Pubhc
Health Laboratory. 24 pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904.
The Author.
Ontario. Eeport relating to the Eegistration of Births, Marriages,
and Deaths in the Province of Ontario for the Year ending 3l8t
December, 1902, with Appendix. 35 pp., 8vo. Toronto, 1903.
P. H. Bryce.
Paris. Annales des Ponts et Chaussees. l*"* Partie: Memoires et
Documents relatifs k TArt des Constructions et au Service de I'ln-
g^nieur. 2* trimestre. 385 pp., Svo. Paris, 1903.
Hlnspecteur-Oeneral, Secretaire de la Commission.
Philadelphia. Hospital Eeports. Vol. V., 1902. 178 pp., 8vo.
Philadelphia, 1903. The Directors.
Eansome, A., M.D., M.A., F.E.C.P., F.E.S. The Principles of
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64 CONTBIBUTIONS TO LIBBABY.
** Open- Air ** Treatment o£ Phthisis, and of Sanatorium Construc-
tion. 104 pp., 8vo. Ix)ndon, 1903.
The Publishers (Smith, Elder ^ Co.)
Swithinbank, ZT., and Newman, G'., M,D., D.P,U. Bacteriology of
Milk, with special chapters by Dr. Newman on the Spread of
Disease by Milk, and the Control of the Milk Supply. 605 pp.,
8vo. London, 1903. The Publisher (J. Murraij),
Switzerland. Statistique de la Suisse. 139" Livraison. Mouve-
ment de la Population de la Suisse pendant Tannee 1902. 22 pp.,
4to. Berne, 1903.
Statistique de la Suisse. 103" Livraison. Manages, Nais-
sances et Deces en Suisse de 1871 i 1890. Premiere Partie:
Mariages Contractes et MAriages Dissous. 75 pp., 4 to. Berne,
1895.
Deuxieme Partie : les Naissances. 83 pp., 4to. Berne, 1897.
Troisieme Partie, Premiere Section : les Deces. 198 pp., 4to.
Berne, 1901.
Troisieme Partie, Deuxieme Section: les Causes de Deces. 163 pp.,
4to. Berne, 1903.
Statistisches Jahrbuch der Herausgegeben vom Statistischen
Bureau des eidg. Departements des Innern. Zwdlfter Jahrgang,
1903. 334 pp., 8vo. Berne, 1904. Bureau de Statistique,
United States Geological Survey. Normal and Polluted Waters in
North-Eastern United States. 192 pp., 8vo. Washington, 1903.
Observations on the Plow of Rivers in the Vicinity of New
Tork City. 108 pp., 8vo. Washington, 1903.
Sewage Pollution in the Metropolitan Area near New Tork
City, and its effect on Inland Water Resources. 72 pp., Svo.
Washington, 1902. ^ W. Whiialcer, B.A., F.R.S.
United States of America. Commissioner of Education. Report
for the Tear 1902. Volume I. 1,176 pp., 8vo. Washington,
1903. The Commissioner.
Commissioner of Education's Report for the year 1902.
Vol. II. 1,271 pp., 8vo. Washington, 1903. The Commissioner.
West Riding C.C. Report of the County Medical Officer on the
Water Supplies derived or derivable from the New Red Sandstone
Formation in the West Riding. 17 pp., fcap. Wakefield, 1903.
J. B. Kaije, M.B., D.P.H., F.CS.
Yvert, Docteur A. Hygiene des Rues. 344 pp., 8vo. Paris, 1903.
The Publishers (J. B. Bailliere et Fils).
In addition to the books presented to the Library, the following
works connected with Sanitary Science have been published during
the quarter : —
Jex-Blake, Dr. Sophia. The Care of Infants. London: Simpkin,
Marshall & Co.
Jones, W., M.I.Mech.E. Heating by Hot Water, Ventilation, and
Hot Water Supply. 3rd Ed. London : Crosby, Lock wood & Son.
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EXHIBITS ADDED TO MUSEUM. 65
Kingzett, G, 1\, FJ.C, and Hamfrey, D., B.Sc. A Pocket Dictionary
of Hygiene. Second Edition. London : Bailliere, Tindall & Oox.
Harsh, Hedley, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.RLond. A few facts and figures
concerning Vaccination and the Fallacies of Anti- Vaccinators.
Macclesfield : Claye, Brown, and Claje.
Middleton, Reginald K, MJnst.C.E., M.I.Mech.K, F.S.r. Water
Supply. London : Chas. GriflSn & Co., Ltd.
Sternberg, George M., M.D,^ LL,D» Infection and Immunity, with
special reference to the prevention of Infectious Diseases. London :
John Murray.
Willoughby, E. F, Milk : Its production and uses. Londoi; : Chas.
Griffin & Co., Ltd.
Wanklyn, Prof, J. H,, M,R.G,S. Arsenic. Second Edition, rerised.
EXHIBITS ADDED TO THE MUSEUM.
Januaet-Apeil, 1904. •
Shanks 6f Go,
■ Graven, Dunhill Sf Go.
Automatic Distributing Valve, for sewage filter bed.
Messrs, Mather ^ Flatt, Manchester.
Bacteria Bed Tile. \ . n * i? • - n
3.Way Cable Pipe, earthenware. \ ^^ ^'"^^ Engxneerxn^ Go.
Bath end Section.
Lavatory Basin, with standing waste and overflow.
Water Closets, school pattern, with Galvanised Fit-
tings and Inset Seat.
Water Closet, flush-down pattern with receding back.
Bituminous cam-action Joint for Stoneware Pipes.
Freeman, Hines 6( Go.
Chain Pump, mounted on stand. Richards.^ Go.
Ceramic Mosaic Flooring, laid in Entrance.
Wall Tiling in Bath and Lavatory Corridor.
Wall Tiling Lecture Boom Panel
Dr. Bond's Film Filter, earthenware. ' Sanitary Appliance Dep6t.
Brain Pipe, with Parker's joint. Knowles 4r Go.
Earth Closet. Moule.
Emdica Enamelled and Embossed Zinc Wall Covering, various
patterns. Emdica Go.
Framed Photographic Views ''Vacuum" System of Dust Extracting.
Vacuum Go.
Gas Gtovemor Section. Stott & Go.
Gully Scrapers and Scoops.
The Sanitary Oully Scoop Go.y Hemsworih.
Horizontal Bainwater Separator.
Messrs, Mason Sf Roberts^ Haslemere.
TOL. XXT. PAST I. B
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66
PABKBS MTTSJBUH KBW BUILDHTG FUND.
Hospital Sick. \
Slop Sink. . Doultm.
Waverly wash-down Water Closets with Special Fittings, j
Incandescent Gas Lamps (entrance.) Moffatt, Ltd.
Inverted Incandescent Gas Burner.
The New Inverted Incandescent Oas Co.
Lavatory, built into wall with standing waste '
overflow. Dent Sf Hellyer.
Samples Lead Burning Work. j
Model Dust Van, with cover. C. Hailstone.
MaTimum Light Glass. The British Prismatic Light Co.
Scum Channel and Spittoons for Swimming3aths, sample bricks,
and models of bends for inspection chambers. Cliff & Sons, Leeds,
Sewage Standardizing Apparatus. W. D. Scott-Moncrieff,
Stable Channel Harriman Sf Co,
Taps and Ball Valves. Bradley Star Tap Co.
Uralite as appHed to Doors, WaUs, etc. Uralite Co.
PARKES MUSEUM NEW BUILDING AND
ENDOWMENT FUND.
PRELIMINAEY LIST OF DONATIONS.
Amounts already reported :
£ B.
d.
Oapital allotted
.. 9,000
Vice-Presidents
258
Members of Council . .
95 6
Members and others . .
662 6
6
To the Douglas GalUm OaOwy ..
145 10
Additional amounts tinee last Report :
£10,161 1
6
Miss A. Townend
10
6
Mr. C. E. Butcher
11
6
Mr. J. Cook
10
Mr. D. Walter
10
^10,163 13 6
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JOURNAL OF THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
VOL. XXV. PABT I. APRIL, 1904.
Contend: rm
Sessional Meeting— Discussions on :
Collection, Disposal, and Utilization of Tt)wn Kefuut- 1
Flooding of Basements in London by Sewage ;jti
Ventilation of Bufldings S:j
lioad Sanitation 75
Municipal Eehousing 92
Disinfecting StMions, by Henry Kenwood, m.b., u.pji., and P. J. Wilkin-
son, F.R.C.S.K., D.P.H 110
Hygiene in Schools, by F; Busbnell, M.T)., D.iMC 14J
Obituary Notices 146
Resolutions passed at Meetings of tbe Institute . . . . . . . . . 15J}
Notes on Legrislation and Law Cases . lo4
General Notes 155
{For dttaikd List see hack of Journal Vovci\)
Annual Eeport ' I '
Reviews of Books—
The Prevention of Consumption, by Alfred Hillier, m..u. . ... . . 24 i
Protozoa and Disease, by J. Jackson Clarke, m.b. 24 ;
The Ventilating, Heating, and Management of Churches and Public
Buildings, by G-. W. Thomas, r.i.c, f.o.s, 25
Practical Building Construction, by John Parnell Allen . . . . ,. 26
The Drainage of Town and Country Houses, by G. A. T. Middleton,
A.U.I.B.A. 27
Oriental Drainage ; a Guide to the Collection, Kemoval, and Disposal
of Sewage in Eastern Cities, by C. C. James, it.ixsT.c.E. .... 2^ ■
Articles relating to Public Health appearing in tlie various Britisli'and
/Toreign Journals and Transactions. Abstracts of Titles ..... 29 |
Meetings held by the Institute 38
Fortheoming Meetings of the Institute 50
Fellows, Members, and Associates Elected . . . . . . . ... . 54
Contributions to Library, . . . . . . . . . 60
Exhibite added to the Mueeum 65 :
Parkes Museum New Building and Endowment Fund ........ 66
Congress at Glasgow— Preliminary Programme . . . {f^^cbujjmjt) 06 :
%QC\\iQ tor tbe eale ot Zbc 5ournal :abroao :—
AUSTRALIA.— Edwabd ' A. Pjbthebick, . 380, Bourke Street, Melbourne; 333, George
Street, Sydney ; 144, ilundle Street, Adelaide.
FRANCE.— H. WBLTBk, 59, Rue Bonaparte, Paria.
NORTII EASTERN EUROPE.— W. H. KiJHi,, 73 J&ger Strasse, Berlin, W.
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SUPPLEMENT TO THE JOURNAL
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THE SANI TARY I NSTITUTE.
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY.
CONTENTS ON BACK COVER.
LONDON:
OFFICES OF THE SANITARY INSTITUTE, PAEKES MUSEUM.
MAEGABET STREET. W.
EDWARD STANFORD. 12. 13, & 14. LONG ACRE. W.C.
JOURNAli PRIOB HAIjF-A.OBOWN.
StJPPIiBMBNT PRICE ONE SHTTiTiTNa
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SUPPLEMENT TO THE
JOURNAL
THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
WATER SUPPLY *
la the introductory chapter the author deals in a general manner
with the conditions that have to be observed in providing a water
supply for a community, and in subsequent chapters he gives useful
data in detail for the guidance of those who are engaged in this
branch of practice. Commencing with the source of all water supply,
rainfall, he touches on the various causes of its pollution, and how
far this renders it harmful, giving particulars of pollution both as
regards water derived from surface sources as well as that from
underground. The requirements as to demand are referred to, and
a graphical method of determining the rate is given. The estimation
of rainfall, and the conditions which have to be observed to secure
accurate results, are well explained, as also is the way to gauge the
flow of streams. The selection of sites for impounding reservoirs,
and the rules which apply to the construction of dams for them, both
earthen and masonry, are stated in a practical and useful form. A
chapter is devoted to the design of service reservoirs, and a good
example is given. The laws which govern the flow of water through
pipes are dealt with in an able manner. The book deserves com-
mendation, and will prove a useful addition to the literature of the
important subject of Water Supply.
H.E.
* Water Supply. By R. E. Middleton, M.lnst.C.E.
yoii. XXV. PABT n. p
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68 REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
xMILK, ITS PEODUCTION AND USES .♦
The intention of the author of this book may he conceded to be
praiseworthy, but one is reminded of the alleged criticism of a
Turkish visitor to a feudal European Court of a tournament held in
his honour : " for a joke/' he is reported to have said, " it is far too
much, for a serious reality h,r too little " ; and the author of this
book appears to be cognisant of this character of the work, as he
admits in his preface that " the whole of the chapters into
which it is divided will appeal equally to few "
Treatment of cattle diseases and posological tables smack of
veterinary quackery, and should be omitted in any future edition.
The excellent chapter on butter making causes one to regret that
the author has thought it needful to omit any remarks on cheese
making ; besides, information on desirable and undesirable cheese
funguses would have been useful.
The chapter on the therapeutics of milk appeals only to medical
men, and is out of place in a popular work ; in fact, the book is more
useful to medical officers of health than to any other persons.
The chapter on sanitary construction and administration of cow
sheds is very good.
B. A.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITT,t
WITH SPECIAL EBFEBE^CE TO THE PBEVENTION OP INFECTIOUS
DISEASES.
This book is an amplification of its title in more or less popular
language, but although, as the author explains, it does not deal
scientifically with "antitoxins," '* agglutins," "precipitins," "bac-
teriolysins," etc., or endeavour to explain such mysteries as the
side-chain theory of Ehrlich, it can fairly claim to be something more
than a simple popular work ; for, apart from such lack of detail, and
the fact that it is not entirely up to date in all the opinions it
endorses, it constitutes a very fair resume of existing knowledge of
the principal infectious diseases of modern times.
The book is divided into two parts. The first deals generally with
the subject of infection, its nature and mode of conveyance, and
with disinfection and immunity, and concludes with a short explana-
tory account of natural and acquired immunity, of the known causes
* Milk, its Production and Uses. By Edward F. Willoughby, M.D., D.P.H.
259pp.8vo. London, 1903.
t Infection and Immunity, with special reference to the Prevention of
Infectious Diseases. By George M. Sternberg, M.D., LL.D., Surgeon-General,
U.S. Army (retd.). John Murray, Albemarle Street, London, W. 1903.
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BBVIBWS OE BOOKS. 69
of the intensification and attenuation of specific virulence, and the
operation of antitoxins.
The second deals separately with various acute specific diseases.
There are twenty chapters in this portion, each devoted to a separate
disease. There are several short sections on disinfection and
disinfectants, and the reader is warned against many reputed but
spurious methods of disinfection and disinfecting agents.
Although this book, as already stated, is certainly for the most
part an excellent resume in more or less popular form of existing
knowledge on the subject of the common specific infectious diseases,
it is undoubtedly open to criticism — especially as a popular work —
not ""only for some old-fashioned opinions, but also for undue dog-
matism upon certain points concerning which, to say the least,
scientific medical opinion is by no means unanimous. We are told,
for example, without reservation, that the desquamated cuticle of
scarlet-fever patients may retain infecting power for many months,
And that this desquamated epidermis is the principal source of in-
jection in scarlet fever ; also that leprosy is a personally infectious
•disease.
P.B.
HEATINQ BY HOT WATEE.*
This well-known book on "Heating by Hot Water" has been
greatly improved in the new edition, and contains most valuable
information for all those who have to do with the subject, either as
architects or builders or those in control of hot water arrangements
in institutions. The information is given in a clear form and with
ample illustrations, so that it requires no great technical knowledge
to understand the work described.
Though the Author refers to exhaust steam as a method of heating
by utilizing the waste steam from existing engines — a system which
has been found to work exceedingly well in some large institutions —
he does not give any detailed information on the subject ; in a future
edition this might be inserted, as also the method of pumping hot
water where a system would be impossible.
On the vexed question of Ventilation, Mr. Jones well says " that
we are all learners, and constant daily practice is needed. Experience
is the best teacher : there is one compensation, that when this is
dearly purchased it is not readily forgotten." And again, " twelve
months of practical experience is better than twelve years of book
study." But in spite of this warning the chapters on Ventilation are
well worth reading, and contain useful hints which are the result of '
many years' experience.
H. D. S. W.
* Heating by Hot \7ater, Ventilation, and Warming Supply (3rd Edit). By
W. Jones, M.I.M.E. &M pp., 8vo. London, 1904.^
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70 BBTIBWS OP BOOKS.
MOSLET EDUCATIONAL COMMISSION *
Hygiene in Amebican School Life.
The subject matter of the Eeports of the Mosley Educational
Commission to the United States of America is fraught with the
greatest importance to the English school hygienist, because the
information has been collected from observations made simultaneously
by practical men of our own country, themselves trained in every
variety of school of life. Yet while each oE the commissioners has
looked at American education from his own expert point of view,
they have been able, on account of their experience of life, to carry
out the wish of Mr. Mosley, the originator of the commission,
and form their judgment as to the value of American education from
a unique standard of test, namely by the result in adult life (botfi
individual and national) of the education of the youth.
No such enquiries have been made and no such report ever isatied
in England, showing the way education has affected men in^ the
procuring occupations in life, and in extending the commerce and
industries of the nation.
The first sound principle of American schools is that they are
almost invariably Day schools, being institutions directly controlled
by the State, and in the truest sense of the word public schools,
where parents and strangers are always welcomed to listen to any
exposition of a lesson, however young or feeble. The unifying with
home and school life is made possible by this means and by meetings
and conferences of teachers and parents, who feel they must con-
stantly confer together if they are to work with perfect harmony
for the end they both have in view, the healthy, hygienic training of
the child in its all-round aspect, mental, moral and physical.
For instance Mr. Eathbone (Barrister of Law, and Deputy Chair-
man of the Education Committee, Liverpool) was pleased to find it
customary to hold one or two meetings each term of the parents
of the children at the schools, and for the teachers to visit at the
homes of the parents, special times being set aside to enable them to
do this. Teachers of Kindergarten, for instance, were as a rule only
employed during the morning, but were expected to visit the
parents during the afternoon.
At New York Mr. Eathbone was present at a meeting of parents
held in a school in a moderately poor neighbourhood where about
200 mothers were present. On their arrival the parents were at
once made known to the teacher of the class in which their
children studied, and were soon all eagerly discussing with the
teachers and with each other the progress, etc., of the children.
The mothers then sat down at their own children's desks^onwhich
were arranged their child's note books andr^vgpe^BlJRs^nSf^ his
work. A short address was given by the teachers J^each class on
* Reports of the Mosley Educational Commission tdr the United States of
America. October and December, 1903. 400 pp. ^London Co-Operative
Printmg Society, 1904. ^
f
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BEYIEW8 OF BOOKS. 71
the necessity of encouraging children to talk frankly at home so that
mothers might judge of the company their children were keepiug.
Eeference was also tactfully made to the clothing of children,
yentilation of bedrooms, feeding, the importance of checking the use
of slang by girls. Mr. Eathbone felt that the parents were delighted,
And he found it was not uncommon for over 85 per cent, of the
mothers to attend these meetings, although no other entertainment
was provided.
With regard to the elementary schools, to use an English term,
there are no infant schools ; in many places there are IQndergartens,
where one or two classes of children are taken at six years of age.
These Kindergartens are by no means universal, and it appears that
as the local authority is not yet convinced of their utility, they
have not been so organised as to make the best preliminary training
for the graded schools. Thus the Eev. A. W. Jephson, M.A.
(Member of London School Board) thought our system of infant
schools with the methods now almost universal, at least in London, a
far better preliminary training for a graded school, and that the
work of teaching children of seven years the elements of all in-
struction was very hard indeed : an opinion he could hardly have
formed had he been able to study the true Kindergarten method in
practice in America. In secondary schools in England, its aim and
its accomplishment are so to train the child by means of all its senses
and childish activities, that at the age of seven it is rendered capable
of intelligently entering on a systematic study of the elements of
education.
The grading of schools in America is similar to our own method,
but they have a rule of graduating, i.e.y passing through each of the
eight grades and then receiving a formal certificate of the fact, which
emphasises the importance of going right through the school, and
being able to show the certificate as proof of work done.
A child cannot as a rule go to the high school unless he has
graduated in the primary school. From this point — about the age of
fourteen years — secondary education is free but not compulsory, and
it is this giving of a free education to all who desire it that Mr.
Jephson desires to see reproduced among ourselves ; he points out,
in the States many parents deny themselves the small immediate
wages of their boys and girls in order that the bright children may
be fitted for the better and higher positions when they enter the
world of business, trade, and commerce, and believes that in time
parents would do the same in England, and the sharp, bright children,
having an opportunity before them, would incline to the high school
rather than to earning immediate small wages. At present these
sharp children are lost to the State, A properly organised system
of high schools would provide an opportunity for some of the best
future citizens of England to advance to their natural capacity.
With regard to this point, the Rev, Papillon remarks, "We, who under
the different conditions that prevail in England limit free education
to its elementary stages, must have some means of assisting those
who have the ability to rise higher, but no means of supporting
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72 BSYIEWS OF BOOKS.
themselves at school or college. The use of scholarships and prizes
is necessary* for us, and will have to be considerably developed by
our new local authorities. But if the whole system of college and
public school scholarships and prizes, involving perpetual exami-
nations from the age of nine and ten to the university degree, could
be dropped into the Atlantic, America would not care to fish it out,
and England would be wise to leave it there."
The mental and moral health of children in the American schools
is largely provided for by the constructive, developing, and co-
operative methods in which instruction is carried on.
The growth of mental power in the acquisition of knowledge is
not stunted by examinations ; the character is not morally warped
by competition for prizes and scholarships. Education is allowed
free play through the natural activities of the child by manual work,
co-ordinated with brain effort, and is stimulated only by the natural
companionship in school as in home life of boy and girl together.
The conviction of the value of education in life in the world produces
a belief in and an eagerness for education, quite unknown in our
schools where methods are formal and archaic, and progress is
entirely dependent on the goads and rewards of marks, prizes, and
scholarships.
It will be interesting to notice severcUly the general conclusions
which nearly all the different commissioners arrived at in their study
of these topics of a rational education : method mid spirit of teaching ;
the substitutes fm* prizes^ ea^aminations, and scholarships ; manual or
hand-worJc co-ordinated with abstract studies ; co-education of boy and
girl together as a factor in character formation ; belief in and eagerness
for education.
Healthy method and spirit of educational work, — ^The Eev. Dr. Gray
(D.D., Oxford, Warden of Bradfield College), considers that the
methods as distinct from the spirit of education cannot be considered
as playing a formative part in the progress of commerce and industry
which the United States is manifesting. He found that it was the
spirit which animated and permeated these educational systems that
had to be taken into account, and that in this domain, as in the
domain of ethics, the spirit had been far more influential than the
methods in forming the character and enhancing the progress of the
nation; in drawing lessons for our own guidance, Mr. Groeer
(of the Inner Temple) urges that in elementary or secondary schools
our need is a change not so much in methods or curricula as in spirit ;
on our present lines there is room for great improvement in the
development of an attitude of enquiry and of individuality. Mr.
Black, J.P. (Nottingham), feels that this spirit is the most priceless
gift a teacher can impart, and that education cannot be regarded as
successful unless it creates an appetite for knowledge which the
child carries with him when he leaves school.
* Unless the remedy of the '* accredited " or some analagous system could
be adopted.
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EETIBWS OF BOOKS. 73
Criticising the blind belief of both Americans and English in
academic — as opposed to natural — methods of training carried on
into technical and college life, . Mr. Armstrong, LL.D., F.E.S.,
urges as an important reason for shortening college courses, that
during the most susceptible period of youthful freshness the student
is withdrawn from the world of experience, and is always dominated
by teachers ; the time is so entirely spent in learning from others
that there is no possibility of properly developing either imaginative
power or individuality. This over-teaching in youth (the giving
courses on every section of a subject) he argues could be avoided if
as children students had been taught really to read, and were practised
in the rudiments of scientific method ; among students so taught there
would be little that they could not afterwards accomplish within a
reasonable time because an honesty of purpose would prevail among
them, and they would work with understanding and resist all but
necessary guidance. He thinks that in this way much time might be
saved for them ; much that is now done at college is begun far too
late and might be done at school. He also points out the impossi-
bility of keeping pace with the growth of knowledge, and that it is
unnecessary: for if teaching principles and their application were
more attended to, many of the difficulties of the student's path would
disappear, and he would do effective work.
Alderman Heap, J.P. (Rochdale) found that in American schools
the placing of the education of the children upon the natural basis
of dealing first with the concrete and bringing them into touch with
things, and then leading them to the abstract, had had the happy
effect of supplying a substitute for those conditions of a pioneer life
which had helped so much in developing fine qualities of character
in their ancestors, and quotes Dr. Dewey, of the Chicago University^
in saying that much may be done by introducing subject matter
in history, science, and art that shall have a positive value and real
significance in the child's own life, instead of allowing the first three
years of a child's life in school to be spent upon the form — not the
substance — of learning the mastery of the symbols of reading, writing,
and arithmetic. " There is not much nutriment in symbols, it does
not represent the intellectual and moral experience, that is gained from
the truth of history and nature, or by insight into reality and beauty."
Civics taught practically, says Mr. Jephson, are of value in the
training of healthy moral tone in school, and Mr. Rathbone notices
that American education is attempting to solve the problem how
to give children those qualities, not that knowledge, that will make
them good citizens — men and women who will be resourceful, self-
reliant, and adaptable.
In some schools, says Mr. Ehys (M.D.Litt., Oxford), the pupils to
a great extent discipline themselves under a captain of their own, and
teachers have nothing to do by way of checking noise or rowdiness.
This self-acting discipline is secured by appealing to the better
nature of the pupils, and teaching them to conform to the idea of the
duties of good citizens, and they are encouraged to work that out in
their conduct in the miniature city which they regard themselves as
forming.
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74 BBVIBWS OP BOOKS.
To encourage self-government, self-experience and self-activity
is, says Mr. Eathbone, the constant aim of teachers, and a depart-
ment of school work in which ,we have so much to learn from
America ; and Dr. Gray notices that in American schools there is
none of the uncompromising, unquestioning discipline which marks
the well-governed English school, and which, carried to an extreme,
has a tendency to efface individuality.
On the question of mental growth Mr. Bathbone noticed that an
attempt to secure what is called thoroughness in some few elementary
schools produced an arrested development (a sort of paralysis in the
mechanical and formal stages of growth). This is an important
observation, and should be useful for those who have the arranging
of curricula of the elementary schools at home. Mr. Coward
(President N.V.T.) found that though the actual writing, spelling,
arithmetic was not quite as good as in our best elementary schools in
England, yet the composition and readiness of the children to talk
and furnish their own ideas was better ; and Mr. Black (Nottingham)
noted good successful work on the part of the teachers in training
intelligence, ** in teaching thinking," in bringing out self-expression.
The pupils were taught to give their own views, and encouraged
to make enquiry, and never snubbed because they made a mistake
or said something foolish. Mr. Heap noted that a few good books
of reference were in each class-room, and encouragement to use them
formed a valuable instrument in* education and in forming habits
of self-improvement.
The Substitute for Examination Prizes and Scholarships, — In
education the comparative unimportance of examinations is of great
advantage in time and efficiency, says Mr. Groser, and adds that
the work of college life not being applied to examination standards,
the student is likely to combine knowledge with culture, fitness for
life with fitness for research, and the Eev. Papillon feels that freedom
from the examination system, which weighs so heavily upon secondary
and higher education in England, is an advantage for which we
may well envy Americans.
Mr. Eeichel, LL.D., Eepresentative of University Colleges of
Cardiff, Aberystwyth and Bangor, says there is a higher level of
interest and intelligence in an American class than in an English
one, but the standard of attainment of the best pupils is not so high,
and quotes President Roosevelt, " America has the advantage in a
broader and sounder base of general education, but in England there
are loftier pinnacles of individual attainment." The difference is due
to the aim. English schools, Mr. Eeichel says, are organised for
the winning of certificates and scholarships; the public judges their
success and tests these schools by the picked pupils, so in order to
keep up the pace of the work, and while the ultimate goal is still far
off, an immediate stimulus to ambition is supplied in the class prize.
This is for the few. The average boy knowing it all to be utterly
beyond his reach, however hard he works, naturally gives up the
struggle, and resigns himself to the conviction that head work is not
for him.
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BBYIEWS OP BOOKS. 76
From the incubus of examinations American schools are remarkably
free ; everywhere there is State or University control, but it takes
the form of inspection rather than of examination. Where scholar-
ships do exist they are generally awarded without examination — but
on enquire/,
Mr. Ehys found the influence of the college often exercised directly
on the secondary education by means of a measure called the
accrediting system: a means by which the strongest intellects which
American universities can supply are placed in a position to mould
and regulate the work of the schools in so far as these schools look
up to the colleges and universities as the goal of the university
career of their pupils. Mr. Eeichel gives the result of a conference
held at Baltimore, in 1902, on the examination system, in which the
balance of argument was overwhelmingly against it. James E. Eussell,
the Dean of Columbia Teachers College, New York, amongst others,
holding as the main points : —
1. That the head of a school must be a better judge of the
capacities of his pupils, whose work he has seen for years, than an
examiner who views it on a single occasion and under abnormal
conditions.
2. That the preparations for outside examination has a ruinous
effect on the system of instruction.
That the arguments of its supporters, on the other hand, implied
incapacity or slackness on the part of the school teacher.
Mr. Gregory Foster, BA.., Assistant Professor of English in
University College, London, and Secretary to the College, emphasises
this view when he says that to deprive the teaching profession of
dignity by showing lack of trust, and by outside restriction and
examination, is a sure way to degrade it.
In order to remove the difiiculties that beset the old fashioned
matriculation examination, which was found to be an actual bar
to any satisfactory relation between the universities and colleges and
the school, the University of Michigan determined to institute a list
of high schools to be known as "accredited schools," from which
school pupils who presented certificates of having satisfactorily
passed the full four years' high school course would be received
without examination into the university. One of the university
professors of education has for his main function the visitation of
schools with a view of testing their fitness to be placed on the
accredited list. Schools that are found satisfactory in all respects
are placed on the accredited list, others have their deficiencies
pointed out to them, and are told that when these are remedied they
too will be put on the list. When a school is placed on the list it
is still subject to inspection. It receives a report from the university
upon each student that it sends thereto at the end of his first session
or first semester as the case may be. The university reserves to
itself the right to refuse a student who is found to be insufficiently
prepared to go on with his studies, and also the right to withdraw
from the accredited list the name of any school that is proved by the
pupils that it sends up to have an unsatisfactory standard. The
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76 BISYIBWS OF BOOKS.
result of this is that in the States where it has heen adopted the
whole educational system has heen unified and strengthened. The
university is looked up to as a counsellor and friend of the schools ;
the university teachers learn much by continued intercourse with
their scholastic colleagues and vies versd.
Mr. Foster says of the American system that it requires daily care,
guiding, watching, recording of students' progress, but all that care
probably does not involve a greater expenditure of energy than the
organisation of the unwieldy examination system ; and being spread
over a large period it cannot involve the terrible weariness that is
brought about by the British system, while from the point of view of
the student, he has no hesitation in saying the result is far better.
Speaking of the technological institutes, Mr. Blair-(M,A. Edin.)
says that in a minor degree their success is due to the absence of
prizes and ranking, which misdirects the mind of the youth from the
real objective of his preparation. What takes the place of a prize
list is an appendix that every institute of technology adds to its
report in a given academic year, containing a list of appointments
held by its graduates.
In the American system of education, a student's work, recitation,
laboratory class work, ward work, is kept and very largely determines
the result, and the report of Mr. Q-askell, M.I)., F.K.S., tells us
that alike both in the States and in Canada there are no outside .
examiners for the universities. The question whether a student can
pass in any subject is decided by his teacher alone, and this largely
by the nature of the work done by the student throughout the term.
Mr. Maclean, M.A., D.Sc, F.E.S.E., Professor of Electrical
Engineering in Glasgow and West of England Technological College,
Q-lasgow, says that as the granting of degrees and scholarships
depends so much upon the student's record, the conduct of such
class examinations as there are, is practically in the hands of the
professors who are not accustomed to call in the aid of any outside
examiners, as in this country.
Mr. Blair, Assistant Secretary for the Technical Education of
the Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction, Ireland,
comparing these American with British methods of teaching and of
obtaining training exhibitions, asks: "Are we not asking too much
of our youth, putting an unnecessarily severe strain on our best
material ? In these days of international and industrial rivalry can
we afford to allow the 'lad o' pairts' to sacrifice so much to the process
of * coming through '* ? He will succeed in spite of obstacles : but
he ought to reach the top with strength and facilities unimpaired :
stronger, not weaker, for the ordeal."
Co-education, as a factor in the mental and moral hygiene of school
life, is noted by most of the commissioners. Mr. Coward found that
about one-third boys and two-thirds girls was the usual proportion
in the high schools, except in the manual high schools where the
proportion of boys was higher still ; the numbers frequently varied.
Mr. Eiechel was present at a class of the fourth year, where there
were twenty-two boys and four girls. Dr. Gray's observation on
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BETIEWS or BOOKS.
77
the co-education, carried on up to the age of eighteen and nineteen,
is that the advantages of this system in day schools, and he believes
also in boarding schools (when carried out under certain well-defined
conditions), far outweighs the disadvanta2:es, and his own careful
observation convinced him that the camaraderie between the boys and
pjirls by the system of co-education was, on the whole, vastly bene-
ficial to the American boys and girls alike. He adds that the girls
showed a far greater power of concentration than the boys in many
subjects, while the latter displayed greater interest when there, was
any lesson that gave opportunity for originality, such as those in
English literature.
Mr. Ehys, as a Welshman, had been acquainted with co-education
from childhood, and thinks it right to say that while the University
of Wales recognises the co-education to the fullest extent, yet they
have now and then had trouble from the presence of young men and
young women in the same classes, but never anything as serious as has
been reported in the papers, and he is inclined to regard co-education
as offering young men and young women useful opportunities of
sounding one another's character and temper : the comparatively few
premature engagements it may lead to being more than counter-
balanced by the number of unwise marriages it prevents.
Manual Work, — Professor Dewey is the greatest authority, perhaps,
in this matter for little children, working out in practice as he does
in his experimental school to such a rare degree his knowledge of the
psychological needs of childhood. Mr. Eeichel explains how he laid
great stress on the necessity of constantly experimenting and striking
out new lines of manual work. Comparing the position of children
so trained on entering the high school with those from the ordinary
elementary school. Prof. Dewey considered them inferior in technical
skill, but intellectually superior, and believed they had a distinct
advantage when the higher work preparatory to the university was
reached.
Mr. Heape considers much educational hand-w^ork might be done
in England in the ordinary class-room, and greater freedom might
at once be given to the teachers throughout the schools to devise
courses, in consultation with the inspector, of greater educational
value, and much greater interest to the scholars, than are most
of the present ones, and that it is not desirable that the workshop
aspect only should be insisted upon. Mr. Eathbone found that
wherever manual training was good the principals and teachers
were enthusiastic as to the use of it in giving valuable training to
the children, and Mr. Eeichel felt that only after 16 or 17 its function
was purely vocational, as there was some danger that unless it were
restricted in time and correlated with book subjects that mechanical
interest might swallow up every other. At the Indianopolis Public
School the head mistress pointed out to Mr. Eeichel the wholesome
effect of manual training as raising the level of accuracy in all
subjects, and markedly in arithreetic, and fostering a healthy social
attitude towards labour ; and in some high schools Mr. Eeichel found
a movement to make the manual work more definitely educational by
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78 BEYIEWS OF BOOKS.
correlating it with the art department and with the teaching of
mathematics.
The eagerrvess for a good education amongst the Americans is a
healthy mental condition of the nation that can only be accounted
for by understanding what education has already done for Americans,
and by appreciating how the interest of every child and youth is
maintained in the progress of its nation, of which it is trained to
consider itself a valuable and responsible individual from the first.
The adapting of means to an end, even the end of practical life,
is not derogatory to education, and should not pass the wit of
educators, as Mr. Groser says. Mr. Heape traces the wonderful
sequence of educational facilities placed within the reach of every
chfld, leading from the primary school to the university, and excepting
in the higher stages entirely free. This provision would be useless
were it not for the eagerness of the people to avail themselves of it.
Parents are willing to make great sacrifices to keep their children at
high schools ; youths will undertake any kind of employment to keep
themselves at technical colleges and universities. Much of this
eagerness is due to the attention which is being given to the adjust-
ment of education to commerce and industry. Education in America
has a practical and popular character. Mr. Jephson considers that
the spirit of enthusiasm for education common to all classes in
America is the really formative cause of the immense strides which
have been made in so many different directions in educational
matters, and Mr. Papillon thinks the lesson for us of the American
high school system lies in the greater variety of its curriculum to
suit the practical needs of life, and in the fact that it places within
the reach of all a sound secondary education in preparation for
special colleges, and for the duties of citizenship.
So very little is said in detail by the commissioners on the physical
health ot children in school that one must suppose it to be almost
perfect not to have excited remark, or else a subject that escapes obser-
vation at home, and therefore one upon which the commissioners could
make no comparisons. Of the building and equipment, Mr. Anderton
says the buildings are generally good — ^the newer ones excellent, and
the equipment all that can be desired ; and all the commissioners
are unanimous in considering that the efficiency of the school is the
one thing aimed at, and no expense is spared to attain this desirable
end. Mr. Coward, however, found the buildings of Chicago were not
so costly as those oE New York, and as a rule lacked central halls ;
wide corridors on each floor being used instead. In both New York
and Chicago Mr. Jephson found that many of the schools had ail
their rooms with wooden partitioned walls, made to slide back till a
huge open space was made, that did duty for the assembly hall.
Halls being seldom found, physical exercises were taken in the class-
rooms. The arrangements for cloaks were universally faulty, for the
garments were hung either in the corridor or in the class-room.
Mr. Jephson noticed that the classes were smaller than in the London
schools ; that black-boards or ground glass went round three sides
of every class-room. The floors of rooms were always polished, and
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BEYISWS OF BOOKS. 79
there was no litter anywhere. Mr. Eathhone found the teachers
considered the liberal provision of black-board space a great assistance
to them in their work, and it was not uncommon to see the entire
class at work on them. Single desks Mr. Jephson found invariably
used.
Discussing the question of physical exercise, Mr. Bathbone was
disappointed to find a lamentable want of play-ground, and he
thinks Americans are not yet alive to the excellent educational work
which play-grounds and playing fields afford, giving teachers an
opportunity of studying the dispositions of their children, and
assisting in the development of their characters ; while no amount
of physical training under cover can be a satisfactory substitute for
freer spontaneous play.
At Chicago Mr. Coward found a distinct department under the
Board of Education for what is called the child study movement.
Several schools have been selected, and nearly 7,000 children are
being tested at various stages in their school career by every known
scientific means for sight, hearing, growth, weight, etc., and for
their mental development. Mr. Coward thinks it still remains to be
seen whether the deductions will proi^ of permanent value in
educational science. It has, however, aroused interest, and the
sight and hearing of all the children in Chicago have been tested
during the past year.
Training of Teachers. — Although the social standing of the
teaching profession is, Mr. Eathhone says, higher than with us, it
is not all that could be desired, and for this the inadequacy of the
salaries seem to be responsible, since the importance of a man's
work is apt to be estimated by the price it commands. Further, the
small salaries in some States (Harvard) prove that the teaching
profession has ceased to be a career at all, while in others (New
York) the salaries offered will secure first rate women but only third
rate men, the competition of well paid business employment being
so great. In New York city, where salaries are better than at any
other city in the States, the female assistant begins at £120 and
may rise to £248. Male assistants begin at £180 and may rise to-
£480. Principals (women) rise to a maximum of £500, and men
to £700. In the high schools assistant women may rise to £500,.
and the male assistant to £600, while the principal gets a salary
of £1,000 ; but even this, after making allowance for the higher cost
of living, as Mr. Papillon points out, is rather better for secondary
teachers in America than in England, with the exception of boarding-
house masters at the public schools, who, "however, receive large-
incomes as lodging-house keepers, not as teachers." It comes about
then that there is an ever-growing tendency in America for women
to displace men in all but the highest posts ; and while the pre-
ponderance of women teachers is felt by many of the commissioners
to be an advantage in the lower grades of elementary schools, there
seems to be a fairly general opinion that as a.boy gets older masculine
control is desirable for the full development of character, and Dr.
Gray thinks that there is a certain highly-strung nervous system,.
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80 REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
a want of proper concentration, and often an effeminate appearance
in the American school boy of to-day that may be due to the
preponderance^ not to the presence of women teachers in the school.
In the elementary schools chiefly Dr. Gray remarked a grasp on
the part of the teacher of the scientific principle in teaching^ and
he considers this the more remarkable, and worthy of the attention
of English educators, when it is remembered that the teaching pro-
fession is not composed of the ablest and most ambitious men and
women.
The scientific principles of teachhig are gained, says Dr. Gray, by
every teacher having himself or herself to go through a complete
course of the principles of teaching and of the principles of psycho-
logy in the college or normal school; but this was only in a few
favoured spots, says Mr. Jephson, who found that the experience of
the commissioners varied with the States they visited. In Cambridge,
just outside Boston, a short stay at a high school, together viith some
few observation lessons, constituted the training for the teaching
profession. Mr. Eeichel says that in the training colleges the weak
spot of the Canadian system shows itself, where the training for the
highest certificate is a single year, and the lowest can be got by four
months' work.
It is, however, traceable throughout the reports that there is
a greater belief in well trained teachers throughout America as a
whole than in England, and Dr. Armstrong points out that the
elementary teacher enjoys an advantage over ours in having passed
through a period of high school training prior to entering the
training schools; but though their outlook is thus on the average
somewhat broader, he feels the methods adopted in training teachers
to be no less academic than ours.
At Tale, however, Mr. Coward found an unusual co-operation
between professor and student — in the system of teaching by dis-
cussion in the universities — every statement made, being critically
examined. This practical training of teachers how to teach was
found to be spiritedly reproduced in the school teaching, and as
Dr. Foster points out, it is in this and like methods that a secondar}^
teacher gets in his undergraduate course some preparation for his
work in life. A special feature of the Yale University is its attention
to the physical well being of its students. This conscious personal
hygiene in practice in college life is the most intelligent method of
training teachers to practise and to teach personal hygiene in schools.
Manual or handrworJc, Mr. Heape urges, should form part of the
training of teachers, since the most powerful factor in the education
of the child is the personality of the teacher. The educative value
of hand-work is urged on the ground that it is not limited to the
/Subject itself, but extends to the rest of the curriculum of the school —
for the keenness of spirit which contact with the concrete begets is
carried forward into other learning — so good results would be attained
in all subjects if teachers as a whole were permeated with the true
spirit of hand- work, and it is thought by many brilliant teachers in
the United States that the results would be to lighten, not burden,
iihe curriculum.
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ABTICLES as PUBLIC HBALTH. 81
Physiology and anatomy — speaking of the laboratory work done
by the students, and the methods of teaching, Mr. Gaskell says that
at Harvard University the standpoint was taken that all learning
comes best by observation and by direct experimentation. That the
question that the student ought to ask from the very first is not —
vvhat man is the authority for such and such a statement? but— what
is the experimental evidence which proves the truth of the statement?
This is the spirit of enquiry which would serve to balance the too
academic training of the teacher which Dr. Armstrong finds. Mr.
Whitburn (Newcastle-on-Tyne) quotes the City Superintendent of
Schools in New York in saying that teachers are required by law to
teach hygiene and the effects of alcohol on the human system, both
in the primary and secondary schools. This subject of school
hygiene (omitting the effects of alcohol) as pointed out by the
Educational Committee of the British Association this autumn,
offers excellent opportunities for practical work and for testing
methods, for it co-ordinates with nearly all other branches of a
teacher's work, and gives a living ground work to educational
methods which, to be successful, must be based on the conditions
of health essential to carrying on the work of instruction in schools.
I. W. W.
ARTICLES RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH,
Appearing in tbe cbief British and Foreign Journals and Transactions.
Abstracts of Titles classified in this *List under the followiwj
Iieadings : —
Science in Relation to Hygriene and Preventive Medicine.
Hygiene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions; and
Municipal Administration.
Building Materials, Construction, and Machinery.
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Refuse Disposal.
Heating, Lighting, and Ventilating.
Personal and Domestic Hygiene.
TTie articles referred to in this list are as far as possible collected and
filed in the Library of the Institute for the use of the Members
and Associates,
Science in relation to Hygiene and Preventive Medicine.
Engels, Dr. Experimental Obser\'ations on the Disinfection
of Dwellings by Formaldehyde Vapour. Archiv fur Hygiene^
Bd. XLIV., Heft 2, 1904.
Pormaldehyde in a gaseous form almost uniformly penetrates into
every cranny and thus exerts its influence, whereas in the liquid
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82 ABTICLSS ON PUBLIC HEAIJIH.
form it only affects surfaces to which it is applied, and is not there-
fore nearly so efficacious ; the reasons of others for preference of
other gases considered.
Velich, Prof. Alois. The Epidemic Significance of Sudden
Death of Persons subsequently found to have been Suffering
from Typhoid. Archiv fur Hygiene^ Bd. XLIX., Heft 2,
1904.
Autopsies given of a number of cases reviealing typhoid lesions
antecedently unsuspected ; the conditions of life of the several cases
very variable, consequential on both circumstances there must be
manifold and unsuspected channels of infection.
Hygiene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions ;
and Municipal Administration.
*' Builder," Editor of. A Lightning Demonstration. 4tli
June, 1904, p. 559.
Note upon a demonstration given at Institute of Architects by the
Lightning Eesearch Committee.
Caroe, W. D. South Wales University College, CardiflF.
Builder, 7th May, 1904, p. 495.
Flans, elevations, perspective, and description.
Henman, William, F.R.I.B. A. The Royal Victoria Hospital,
Belfast. Building News, 18th Dec, 1903, p. 819.
A revolution in hospital design ; opposition to the proposals ;
lighting fittings and appointments ; ventilation.
Parkinson, R. M. Subway Systems for Municipal Conduits.
Surveyor, 20th Nov., 1903, p. 596.
Essay on subways awarded the first prize by the Paviors' Com-
pany for the best system by which the breaking up of street surfaces
can be prevented.
Town Subways. Building News, 11th and 18th Dec,
1903, pp. 789, 821.
Inconvenience caused by disturbing street surfaces ; legal and
practical difficulties in construction ; deep subways ; shallow sub-
ways ; subways in new streets and in old streets -y methods of con-
struction; estimates; conclusion.
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ABTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH. 83
Phillips, T. Brige. The Rural Housing Question. Surveyor^
8th April, 1904, p. 452.
Existing conditions of housing in rural areas ; the dearth of good
cottages for farm labourers ; excessive cost of building ; by-laws and
their administration ; schedule of results of legal proceedings by a
rural district council.
PiTE, Prof. Berbsford. a Citv Tower of Healing. Builder^
11th June, 1904, p. 636.
Sketch plan and perspective, with suggestive description for a
hospital upon the American " Skyscraper'' type of buUding.
Price, Arthur J., C.E. Subways for Municipal Conduits.
Surveyor^ 15th Jan., 1904, pp. 65 and 66.
Essay awarded the second premium by the Paviors' Company for
the best system by which the breaking up of street surfaces may be
prevented.
ROYLE, Fred. M., Assoo.M.Inst.O.E. Subways for Muni-
cipal Conduits. Surveyor^ 5tli Feb., pp. 202 and 203.
Essay awarded the third prize by the Paviors' Company for the
best system by which the breaking up of street surfaces may be
prevented.
Water Supply, Sewerag-e, and Refuse Disposal.
AsHTON, James, F.C.S. Disposal and Utilization of Sew^age
Sludge. Surveyor, 4th March, 1904, pp. 320 and 321.
Sludge present at all sewage works ; present methods of disposal
explained in detail ; drying sludge ; analyses of air-dried sludge ; its
value as a farm manure.
Brown, Prof. J. Campbell, D.Sc. Deposits in Pipes and
other Channels conveying Water. Engineering, 18tli Dec,
1903, p. 840.
Incrustations in iron pipes : their source, causes, and remedy ;
growth on inner surfaces of pipes, etc. ; loose deposits.
Cartwright, J., M.Inst.c.e. Protection of Water Supplies.
Surveyor, 27th Nov., 1903, pp. 624 and 625.
Sources of supply in relation to district served ; possible sources
of pollution ; protection by law ; other methods ; purchase of water-
shed areas, or full control over them.
VOL. XXV. PART II. G
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84 ARTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
Chadwick, Osbert, M.Inst.C.E., and Blount, Bertram,
Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. Tlie Purification of Water highly
charged with Vegetable Matter. Engineering^ 18th Dec,
1903, p. 840.
Tropical waters and their conlamination ; purification.
Clark, H. W., and Gage, S. de M. The Value of Tests for
Bacteria of Specific Tyi)es as an Index of Pollution. Engi-
neering Record, 16th April, 1904. p. 494.
Results of examination of over 18,000 samples of water.
"Engineering Record." The Premier Water Meter. 21st
May, 1904, p. 662.
Illustrated description, with tables of tests of a new Venturi tube
water meter, with recording apparatus, applicable direct to any size
main.
Hanssen, C. T. Alfred, A.M.Inst.C.E. Flushing Tanks.
Surveyor, 16tli October, 1903, pp. 460 and 461.
The construction of sewers ; early attempts at flushing; automatic
flushing siphons ; results of sewer flushing experiments.
Hatton, T. C. a Re-inforced Concrete Sewer at Wilming-
ton, Delaware, U.S.A. Engineering Record, 21st May, 1904,
p. 636.
Illustrated description of "Price's Eun Sewer," 7,436 ft. long,
varying from 9 ft. 3 in. to 4 ft. 9 in. internal diameter, constructed
of reinforced concrete.
Latham, Frank, C.E. Recent Works of Water Supply in
Penzance. Surveyor, 11th March, 1904, pp. 342 and 343.
Natural conditions of neighbourhood of supply ; borings in practi-
cally a granite country; description of boring and well sinking;
concrete reservoirs j water meters ; detection of waste ; consumption
per head : waste per head.
Maury, Dabney H. Some Recent Developments in Wells
and Pumps. Engineering Record, 6th Aug., 1904, p. 177.
Illustrated description of well with enclosed section pipe sur-
rounded by strainer filled with gravel.
Palmer, Philip H., M.Inst.C.E. Tlie Water Supply of
Hastings. Surveyor, 18th Sept., 1903, pp. 354, 355 and 356.
Geology and formation of district ; sea-water for street watering ;
description of the Hastings waterworks ; distribution, etc.
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ABTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH. 85
Robinson, Prof. Henry, M.Inst.C.E. The Storage of Flood
Water. Surveyor, 18tli Dec, 1903, pp. 704 and 705.
Statistics of the 1903 rainfall ; reference to previous papers on the
subject ; legislation ; the powers in force in other countries ; river
pollution, etc.
Ronald, David, C.E. Rainfall : its Observation and Appli-
cation to the Design of Main Drainage Works. Surveyor^
25th Dec, 1903, pp. 732 and 733-
Systematic observation of rainfall ; rain gauging ; variations in
amount of rainfall; the application of rainfall to the design of
drainage works ; tables of rainfall and evaporation.
Thudicum, George, F.I.C. The Bacterial Purification of
Sewage. Surveyor^ 6tli Nov., 1903, p. 540.
Purification by aerobic process ; septic tanks ; the effluent there-
from ; discharging crude sewage into tidal rivers ; the development
of processes from different experimentalists.
Heating*, Ligrhting*, and Ventilating*.
Hayward, John W., M.D. The Ventilation of DwelHng-
houses. Building NewSy 16th Oct., 1903, p. 507,
Necessity of good ventilation ; an ideal house ventilation ; difficul-
ties in perfecting same.
Henman, William, F.R.I.B.A. Notes on the Plenum System
of Ventilation. EJ.B.A. Journal, 11th June, 1904, p. 427.
Notes and discussion before the general meeting of E.I.B.A.
Nesbit, David M., M.Inst.M.E. Warming and Ventilation.
Building News, 19th Feb., 1904, p. 261.
Artificial heat essential : relative purity of air ; heating medium :
dwellings, schools, theatres, churches and chapels, hotels, factories,
hospitals, asylums, etc. ; general remarks on plant, etc.
Warmuig and Ventilation. Surveyor, 26th Feb., 1904
(Supplement).
Necessity of good warming and ventilation ; causes of physical
deterioration ; municipal and county buildings, asylums, and hospi-
tals ; air inlets and outlets ; radiators.
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^6 SAIS'ITABY LEGISLATION.
SANITARY LEGISLATION.
The Council of the Institute have had under consideration the
following Bills introduced into Parliament during this Session. The
action taken by the Council and the fate of the Bill is noted in each
case: —
Prevention of Pollution of Rivers and Streams Bill, Introduced by
Sir Francis Sharp Powell.
A Bill to make further and amended provisions to prevent the
Pollution of Eivers and Streams.
Decided to petition in favour of this Bill.
The Bill was dropped.
Be'vaccinatimi Bill. Introduced by Sir John Tuke.
A Bill to provide for the Ee-vaccination of Children after the age
of twelve.
Decided to petition in favour of this Bill.
The Bill was withdrawn.
Sale of Butter Bill, Introduced by Mr. Ailwyn Fellowes.
A Bill to amend the Law with regard to the Sale of Butter.
Decided to petition in favour of this Bill.
The Bill was withdrawn.
Housing of tlie Working Classes, ^r., Bill. Introduced by Mr. Nan-
netti.
A Bill to amend the Law relating to the Housing of the Working
Classes, to amend the Law of Eating, and to establish Fair Eent
Courts.
Decided that no action be taken.
The Bill was dropped.
Factory and WorTcshop Act, 1901, Amendment Bill. Introduced by
Mr. Tennant.
A Bill to amend the Law relating to the provisions for Escape
from Fire in Factories and Workshops.
Decided to petition in favour of this Bill.
The Bill was dropped.
Vaccination Bill. Introduced by Mr. Broadhurst.
A Bill to amend the Vaccination Acts.
Decided to petition against this Bill.
The Bill was dropped.
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SANITARY LEGISLATION. 87
Tuberculosis (Animals) Compensation Bill. Introduced by Mr. Price.
A Bill to provide for the payment of Compensation to the Owners
of Carcases of Animals condemned after slaughter and destroyed by
order of a Magistrate on account of Tuberculosis.
As this Bill was referred to a Select Committee of the House of
Commons for report, the consideration was deferred by the Council
of the Institute. The special report has now been issued, and
contains the following notes and recommendations : —
Apart from any question of the indirect effect upon the trade in
meat of the present law and practice with regard to the seizure and
condemnation of carcases of animals on account of tuberculosis, your
Committee do not think that serious pecuniary loss is inflicted at
present by such seizure and condemnation upon butchers who deal
in high-class meat, the vast majority of carcases seized being those
of old dairy cows. The loss in respect of such cows is considerable,
but the butcher who deals in them takes the probability of that loss
into consideration in fixing the price he gives for them.
With regard to pigs, your Committee have received evidence that
serious loss from seizures falls upon butchers slaughtering home-bred
animals. Several witnesses have complained that the recommenda-
tions of the Eoyal Commission on Tuberculosis, that '* the presence
of tubercular deposit in any degree should involve seizure of the
whole carcase " of a pig, is too stringent, especially in view of the
fact that the detection of tuberculosis in imported pigs is rendered
exceedingly difficult by their importation without their heads and
neck-glands.
It appears to your Committee that the difficulty which stands in
the way of the general adoption of a system of mutual insurance is
the variety of practice which at present exists with regard to the
amount of tubercular deposit, the existence of which in a carcase is
held to justify its total condemnation. They recommend that power
should be given to the appropriate central authority in England,
Scotland, and Ireland, respectively, to enforce uniformity in this
matter upon all local authorities.
In the present condition of scientific knowledge upon the subject,
it is impossible to lay down any regulations for the partial or total
condejnnation of carcases on account of tuberculosis which may not
involve the destruction of some meat which might have been used
with impunity for human food. In such cases the caution which
may be rightly used in the interests of the commimity inflicts on the
butcher unnecessary loss.
Tour Committee fear that if the butchers were relieved from the
whole of the loss arising from the seizures, the caution exercised by
them in purchasing animals for slaughter might be relaxed, but they
do not think that it would be unreasonable to provide that, subject
to certain conditions, a proportion of the loss should fall upon the
public, and they recommend that that proportion should be fixed at
one-half.
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88 MEETINGS HELD.
The conditions upon which such assistance from public funds
should be granted appear to your Committee to be : —
That the butcher claiming assistance should prove to the
satisfaction of a Court of Summary Jurisdiction : (1) that
he bought the animal for slaughter in good faith as a sound
animal fit for human food ; (2) that at the time of purchase
it exhibited no visible signs of tuberculosis; (3) that the
price he paid for it was a fair market price for an animal
of its class and weight free from tuberculosis ; and (4) that
he gave notice to the local authority, at the earliest time
reasonably possible, after he became aware of the fact that
he had upon his premises a carcase affected with tuber-
culosis.
Tour Committee do not recommend that this assistance should be
given in the case of animals or meat imported into the United
Kingdom.
If the charge is to be made upon local funds, it would appear to
be more just that it should be imposed upon the locality in which
the animal contracted or developed tuberculosis. Tour Committee,
however, think that the difficulty of tracing each animal in respect
to which a claim is made to such locality makes the adoption of this
method of distribution of the charge practically impossible.
For these reasons your Committee recommend that such assistance
to butchers as they suggest should be provided by the Imperial
Exchequer.
The third reading of the Bill was not reached before the close of
the Session.
MEETINGS HELD APEIL TO AUGUST, 1904.
Ordinary General Meeting.
An Ordinary General Meeting was held on July 13tli, 1904,
when the following Officers were elected : —
President,
His Gbace the Duke of Noethfmbebland, K.G., P.C., r,E.S.
Vice-Presidents,
Baker, Sir Benjamin, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., LL.D., FJR.S.,
M.Inst.C.E.
Webb, Aston, E.A., P.K.I.B.A.
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MEETINGS HELD. 89
Sessional Meetings.
A Sessional Meeting was held at Cardiff, in the Town Hall,
on Saturday, April 23rd, 1904, when a Discussion on " School
Hygiene in its Kelation t.o Education Authorities " was opened
by E. Walford, M.D., D.P.H. The chair was taken by
W. Whitaker, B.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., Chairman of Council.
A visit was made to the Hospital and Crematorium on Flat
Holm Island and to Barry Dock.
On Saturday, April 30th, a Sessional Meeting was held at
the Institute, when a Discussion on " Food and Meat Inspec-
tion " was opened by Col. J. Lane Notter, R.A.M.C., M.D.,
D.P.H., and W. Hunting, F.R.C.V.S. The chair was taken
by Chas. Game, Chairman of the Cattle Markets Committee,
Corporation of London.
A visit was made to the Metropolitan Cattle Market, York
Road, Islington, conducted by J. King, M.R.C.V.S.
Institute Dinner.
The Institute Dinner was held at the Whitehall Rooms on
Monday, May 2nd, 1904, Dr. Robert Farquharson, M.P., Vice-
President, in the Chair. One hundred members and guests
were present, amongst whom were : Sir John Ure Primrose,
Bart., Lord Provost of Glasgow; Sir Wm. Church, Bart.,
K.C.B., President of Royal College of Physicians ; Sir Francis
Sharp Powell, Bart., Vice-President ; Sir R. Douglas Powell,
Bart., K.C.V.O.; Sir R. M. Hensley, J.P., Chairman of
MetropoUtan Asylums Board ; Prof. J. Tweedy, President of
The Royal College of Surgeons; Rev. Canon Hulbert; Mr.
Maurice Fitzmaurice, C.M.G. ; Dr. Andrew Clark, Chairman
of Council, British Medical Association ; Dr. J. Groves, Presi-
dent of Society of Medical Officers of Health ; Dr. E. Klehi,
F.R.S.; Prof. G. Sims Woodhead ; Prof. Allan Macfadyen;
The Worshipful The Mayor of Hampstead (Councillor E. C.
Andrews, M.D.); Mr. A. Wynter Blytli, Registrar and Vice-
President; Mr. W. Whitaker, F.R.S., Chairman of Council,
and the Council of the Institute.
Sib E. M. Hbnslbt, J.P. (Chairman of the Metropolitan Asylums
Board), proposed *' The Navy, Army, and Auxiliary Forces," a toast,
he said, that had been enthusiastically received by Englishmen for
centuries. The heroes of our Army and Navy were household words,
and it was well that it should be so at a time when Little Englanders
and Passive Resisters and others were doiug their utmost to uproot
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90 MEETINGS HELD.
the ancient landmarks which distinguish the straight path of integrity
and honour. He need not remind that company of the great debt the
Institute owed to men who had held His Majesty's commission in
the Army Medical Service — men like Dr. Parkes, Prof. Du Ohau-
mont, Sir Thomas Crawford, Sir Guyer Hunter, Sir Joseph Fayrer,
the late Sir Douglas Galton, and many others — and without mis-
giving he asked them to drink to the naval and military forces of our
beloved country.
LiEUT.-CoLONEL FiRTH, E.A.M.C., responded. No matter, he
said, how much the average Britisher cavilled and criticised the
naval and military forces of tliis country, they all kept for those
forces a very soft spot in their hearts. The military and naval forces
of this country were the bed rock on which we depend for our
national existence, and upon them we depend for the defence of our
commerce. Our national existence and the defence of our commerce
depended upon a proper appreciation of the principles which Th«
Sanitary Institute endeavoured to promulgate, viz., health and
sanitation. In the past those principles had been disregarded, but
at last we had come to the conclusion that our house must be put
in order. The War Office was being reformed, but the public must
not be too critical, and they must have patience, not expecting too
much to be done at once. There was a desire for greater efficiency,
and there was the intention to disseminate a greater knowledge of
sanitation among the rank and file. In this work The Sanitary In-
stitute could be of real value. He was not revealing official secrets
when he said that there was every possibility of this extension of
technical sanitary knowledge being carried out. The scattering
among the land forces of men with such sanitary knowledge would
do a great deal of good, and therefore he thought the prospects of
the service were distinctly bright.
Sir E. Douglas Powell, Bart., K.C.V.O., M.D., submitted the
toast of " The Houses of Parliament." He referred to the debate
in the House with regard to the sanitation of the building, and he
thought that The Sanitary Institute ought to have a word to say
on the subject. But there would be difficulties in the way. The
Grovernment of this country had of recent years achieved some
good things. It had given us an efficient Navy, and, according to
Lieut. -Colonel Firth, was endeavouring now to give us an efficient
Army. They had reconstituted the Committee of Defence of this
country, and an agreement had been accomplished on the Continent
that must lessen the anxieties of the Committee of Defence. He
had much pleasure in coupling with the toast the name of Sir
Francis Sharp Powell, an old and valued friend of the Institute.
Sir Francis Sharp Powell, Bart., M.P., in responding, said it
was a great pleasure to him that the toast had been proposed by so
eminent a member of the medical profession as Sir Douglas.
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MEETINGS HELD.
91
Personally he was not present on the occasion the proposer had
referred to, being engaged in pleasures similar to those occupying
their attention that evening; but the Reporters did their duty.
Among the recorded speeches was that of Sir Michael Foster, who
pointed out that the long and costly investigations into the ventila-
tion of the House had resolved itself into a battle of the microbes.
Now, there were good microbes as weJl as bad microbes, and it seemed
that in their efforts to ventilate the legislative chamber they had
slain all the microbes, and Sir Michael expressed grave doubts as to
whether they had not slain more good microbes than bad microbes,
so that their last state was worse than their first. Now, although
the House of Commons was unworthy to be recognised by such a
distinguished assembly as this, still it had some redeeming qualities.
The aims and ambitions of The Sanitary Institute were really the
aims and aaibitions of the House of Commons, which during the last
half-century had endeavoured to legislate to improve the physical
condition of the people. So much had been accomplished in this
respect that the time had arrived when the local administration of
the laws which the House of Commons had passed were in arrears.
Parliament could look back with some satisfaction upon the work it
had accomplished. Taking the metropolis alone there had been a
marked diminution of our tenement houses ; that meant a change in
the condition of the people beyond calculation. There was a grati-
fying increase in houses built under more sanitary conditions. His
opinion was that all over this country there was a fair supply of
housing accommodation, and the large number of houses put up
to-day did not represent a growth of population so much as a
migration of the population. The great need was for an education
of the people in sanitation. In the course of the next few years
great reforms would be effected. In 1905, they would, he believed,
have a consolidation of the Public Health Laws as they had in 1875,
and this would simplify the public health statutes for both admini-
strators and those who had to obey those law^s.
The Loed Peovost of Gtlasgow (Sir John Ure Primrose) pro-
posing the toast of " The Sanitary Institute of G-reat Britain and
the Colonies," said, I think it a very high honour that one, coming
from the dark City of the West, dark, I mean, in the climatic and
similar senses or aspects, should be honoured with the duty of
proposing the toast of the evening on this festival occasion. I
think it very appropriate that one, who by the goodwill of his
fellows is the head of a great municipality, only second to the
city in which for the moment I am a dweller, and of which many
of you are the proud inhabitants, should acknowledge how much
we have benefited in the past by the teaching and by the educative
influence of the Institute under whose auspices we meet to-night.
It seems to me almost a romance to look back upon the vista of
even the last 25 years and to find how then sanitary matters were
absolutely neglected and disregarded, from the cottage to the palace,
how every element that contributed to light and happiness in the
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92 MEETINGS HELD.
household seemed to he considered except the very elemenlal and
necessary condition of sanitation. Cottage, hall, and palace were
alike left to haphazard and to accident for their drainage ; such a
thing as a plan of drains was undreamt of and disregarded ; even the
hospitals, to which were brought suffering humanity to get another
chance of life, in the major operations presented a death-roll that
was appalling — 37 per cent, went inevitably to their doom in all
cases of major operations. What is the change to-day? Under
a wise sanitary administration, under the antiseptic treatment of
Lord Lister who was the great evangel, that death-roll of 37 per
cent, is down to the small unit of almost 2 per cent. ; and we rejoice
to-day that an Institute, founded in opprobrium almost, for even the
scientific and the educated man then almost scouted the idea of
sanitary progress, has found that its policy has become the gospel
of to-day. We reap the benefit, and with a vastly reduced death-
rate, with the expectation of life raised to a limit that bears
favourable comparison with that of any nation on Grod's earth, we
thank Ctod that this Institute was founded in the days of small
things, and that it has become a potent force in our midst, and that
to-day the British Empire and our colonies may claim a participation
in the exposition o£ sanitary science that holds its own with any-
thing in the world. Well, that naturally leads me to think of and
to reflect upon what is the duty of municipalities to an associa-
tion such as this. 1 would say emphatically their attitude should be
one of loyal devotion, and one of constant support. We have
benefited in the past, but we have large territory still to occupy.
In this region, as in many other regions that affect the nation, we
can only get the territory, we can only conquer that territory, and
we can only govern that territory by disciplinary methods, and when
I find that this Institute sends out year after year a band of men
with trained intellects to aid and equip those municipalities, I feel
that our duty is increased ; and when I learn from your records that
last year alone in the meetings you have held dealing with every
branch of sanitary science 18,000 individuals have listened to instruc-
tions, many of them have taken diplomas and have gone out to
strengthen and to fortify the army of efficient agents working for
better conditions, you have, I feel, further established a claim for
the generous support of every one who is interested in the pro-
gress of the race. And let me add this further note with regard
to the municipalities. I believe that the salvation of the muni-
cipalities — and in the salvation of the municipalities I would
contend that the salvation of the Empire lies — is bound up in this,
that the enlightenment of the municipality should regard its duty,
not in speculative effort in fields that are beyond the municipality —
fields which are the true sphere of an assembly with which you
are connected, the Imperial Parliament, but in sober, efficient
administrative work. If that is done a happy day will dawn for
our great municipalities. Let the municipalities devote themselves
as trustees for the public good, let them try to make the communal
life happier, healthier, and brighter. Let them attack the problems
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MEETINGS HELD. 93
that are associated \^-ith dirt, disease, and death, and let them seek
and provide those remedies which will minimise such adverse
influences. Then they will deserve well of the community and of
mankind. Let them be concrete and practical, devotiug themselves
to un-heroic measures of good drain-laying, and to the construction
of sanitary houses ; and let them neglect that advanced progress in
which the municipalities have given evidence that they stand in
danger. Let them neglect all enterprises that can be conducted
by others with very great propriety. Let them leave, for instance,
telephony to the Imperial Government, and do not let the munici-
palities enter rashly into enterprises that are fraught with danger
and w-ith difficulty. Let them confine themselves more to the
elemental conditions that build up healthy citizens. And if they
make the dwellings of the people attractive and desirable, they
immediately help to make men who are good citizens, and if they
make a city of good citizens they make an important factor in the
Empire of which we are all so proud. That to my mind is a line
of legitimate activity. I hope, in conclusion, that when this
Association comes to Glasgow in July next we may be able to
offer you some points of observation that may be inspiring and
educative. It is to me a happy memory that when this Institute
visited Glasgow twenty-one years ago, one whose name I bear wel-
comed the Institute to my native city ; and it will be my keen and
intense desire that after the lapse of twenty years occupying the
same position, I may welcome you to a city that has done something
to mark and to determine the onward march. And, in reference to
one point you made as to the purification of rivers, we shall be able
to show you what was once a filthy stream, and a filthy inland canal,
turned into a tolerable river; for a fortnight before you arrive in
Glasgow we shall open our great sewage works on the Clyde. That
may be one object lesson in sanitation that will be full of inspiration.
We shall also be able to show you how the loyal sons of Glasgow
have maintained their pride in their city, and, desiring to join in the
onward march, have borne no inconsiderable share in the develop-
ment of municipal life and enterprise.
The Chairman briefly responded, thanking the proposer for the
kind words said about the Institute, and expressing appreciation of
the way the toast had been drunk.
Mr. a. H. Reid (Chairman of the Board of Examiners of The
Sanitary Institute in South Africa), said : I have to rise this evening
on behalf of my colleagues generally to thank you for the very kind
way in which the toast of the Colonies, coupled with our Mother
Institute, has been proposed and received this evening. I think
the Institute may congratulate itself at all events at last in seeing
the words " And the Colonies " added to the toast of the evening.
I certainly think it marks one more link in the responsibilities
that the Empire has taken upon itself in improving the moral and
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94 MEETINGS HELD.
social status of its subjects abroad as well as at home. I will
myself take this opportunity of congratulating our sister colonies
generally throughout Canada and Australia upon the advance that
they have gained over South Africa in the matter that is under
review this evening. I will not tread upon dangerous ground by
attempting to give reasons for the backwardness of South Africa in
scientific matters, but the fact remains that the tendency in national
poh'tics in South Africa in the past has been to receive any scientific
advance, or any progressive measures, with indifference, and at all
events to discourage those who have been courageous enough to
bring them forward in the public benefit. But in spite of this
discouragement a few of us have been pegging away for many years,
and strange as it may seem, paradoxical as it may seem, a small
advance has been made by those who have been taking the lead in
South Africa during those four or ^\e distressful years when the
country was ravaged by war. It is a most peculiar thing, but there
has absolutely been more work done in South Africa in sanitation
and science during the last five or six years than has ever been done
there before — a more healthy interest having been shown in such
matters by the governing bodies and the public in South Africa
during that time. It may be that the war gave us more time to
think — that mercenary matters were set aside and the higher ones
of science and sanitation advanced. But the fact remains that
during the period named we have been able to organise and develop
the aims and work of The Sanitar}^ Institute. There has, moreover,
been founded a most important scientific body, of which it has been
my privilege to be one of the promoters : I refer to the South
African Association for the Advancement of Science. Some of you
may be aware we are to have the honour of receiving the British
Association for the Advancement of Science in 1905. We hope a
great deal from the visit of that body, and we think that they vidll
be able to remove many doubts and uncertainties from the minds of
our brethren in England that we think exist. If I am not trespassing
too much on your patience this evening, I should like to make a few
remarks upon the relationships, as I think they appear to colonists,
of the colonies to the mother country. I think we may fairly draw
the picture, in comparing those relationships, of the old hen who
has hatched a miscellaneous brood of chickens and ducklings ! We
always sympathise with that hen when half her family take to an
element in which she could not follow, of which she knows little, but
doubtless takes an interest in because she sees her offspring adopting
it. She naturally feels that she would like to follow her ducklings,
but she cannot do it. That hen doubtless does the right thing when
she confines her attentions to the chickens, and with a benediction
leaves the ducklings to their own resources. But her obligations are
such that she cannot with propriety forget those who owe their birth
and infant nurture to her. The ducklings paddle away and land on
a distant shore that the old hen has never seen and knows little
about. For a time they do well, but as the years roll by they
realise there is something they require and cannot get in their new
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MEETINGS HELD. 95
home. They begin to realise that there is something wanting.
They have made the liberal arts and sciences their study, but they
are not satisfied ; they hav^e been insufficiently educated to decide
what it is they require. In despair they naturally look back to
their native land, and the experienced old hen who remains where
they left her. There they discover that what they want is science
and scientific education. I think we may safely say, in looking
through the history of the world, that, especially through the last few
years, there has been a distinct advance in the appreciation of the
importance of science generally. "Well, the old hen is very glad to
see them back again, and glad to do anything she can for them ; so
she teaches them and gives them all the scientific education they
require, and they return to their new homes across the seas wiser
and more intelligent than when they left them. But the education
they have received naturally generates ambitions ; they begin to feel
they have individuality ; they travel all over the world, note what
other nations are doing, and apply their experience to the commercial
and domestic needs of their adopted countries. As a colonist of
nearly 30 years' experience 1 am proud to feel that the colonies have
ambitions ; the lack of ambition in the past has been a great drawback
to the colonies in general and to South Africa in particular. When
South Africans look at the progress that Canada has made, that
Australia has made, they naturally feel ashamed of themselves. At
the same time, as I have said, there is a change in the sentiment of
the general public of South Africa, and I am looking forward to the
time when we shall run abreast with any other colony under the
British flag. There is one matter that has a great deal to do with the '
present position, the want of care of British manufacturers in keeping
up with the requirements of the colonies. It seems to have been
forgotten that to meet the ideals of modern requirements they must
have the details of their structural works executed upon scientifically
economical lines. In the colonies local labour is dear, freight is heavy,
time is money. In all confidence colonists have sent off their indents
to the mother country, only to be told that these things are not in
stock, and that this cannot be turned out unless at much extra cost
and delay. As a result, the colonies go to somebody else who has
had the intelligence to follow their requirements and produce an
article that meets with colonial approval. I know this is being
rectified now, but the fact remains that the commercial relationship
of the colonies to the mother country has been seriously strained in
the near past by the " self-satisfaction " and lack of enterprise on the
part of home manufacturers. The same thing applies, though in a
less degree, to matters appertaining to the requirements of experts
and administrative officials in colonial public health departments, in
the neglect of the necessary special training of candidates for the
positions of sanitary inspectors, who have to regulate the lives of
heterogeneous populations, which in South Africa include Mahom-
medans, Indians, Chinese and Orientals of all kinds. One of the great
and peculiar difficulties that we have to deal with in South Africa
is the heterogeneous mass of people for whom we have to administer.
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96 MEETINGS HELD.
At the same time your Board of Examiners in South Africa are
making it their special study, and in due course you will get a report
from them and certain recommendations that I think will be of great
value to you in carrying out the future education of a certain section
of your candidates. Now, you are doubtless expecting to hear some-
thing from me with regard to the sanitary needs of South Africa and
what has been done out there to meet them. I cannot of course say
more than your transactions report as to what has been done in
Australia and Canada, but at the same time I fully appreciate and
congratulate them, especially Australia, where the authorities have so
successfully dealt with the sanitation of Chinese immigrants who have
settled amongst them. I think it will do a great deal to cloq^ the
mouths and stop the criticisms of those who are raising the cry about
Chinese labour in the Transvaal. There is no doubt that if they can
be kept in order in Australia they can be similarly treated in the
Transvaal. After many years' service as a municipal engineer and
as a City Councillor of Johannesburg and Cape Town, I am of opinion
that the chief need in South Africa is a popular sense of decency
and hygiene, especially among the coloured and lower classes, a loyal
submission to the authorities who are appointed to administer their
sanitary affairs, and a more efficient supervision of suburban and
country areas to prevent the spread of disease between the large
centres of population and those areas. More attention is also
needed to secure the compulsory official notification of cases of
dangerous disease in and between the various centres and authorities.
I am strongly of opinion that to the inefficient cleansing and sanitary
administration of the Cape Government railway stations, passenger
carriages, and goods trucks, must be attributed to a great extent the
spread of tuberculosis, especially in the Cape peninsula. One of our
great scourges in South Africa, one which has exercised us very
much, is that of tuberculosis. It has become and is at the present
moment a very serious matter indeed. As a proof, I may mention
that in reviewing the mortality in Cape Town for the two years 1902
and 1903, out of 201 deaths of Europeans 46 were from tuberculosis,
and out of the 310 deaths of the mixed population 126 were also
from that cause, the ages in all cases being between 25 and 35 years.
That, I think, is a very serious state of affairs, and we trace it to a
great extent to overcrowding and inefficient cleansing of government
places and vehicles, to overcrowding in the dwellings of the working
classes, and to deficient observance of the necessity for light, air, and
cleanliness on the part of that section of our heterogeneous com-
munity. I think the chief causes of the overcrowding are the high
rentals of the houses, the thriftlessness of the people, their natural
dislike of work, ignorance of the merest rudiments of domestic hy-
giene, the utter disregard of the necessities of their children (in
which respect animals and birds set thenji an example), and an
unreasonable extravagance in such luxuries as pleasure and dress.
The high rentals may fairly be attributed to the sins of omission and
commission of the working classes themselves, as besides the above-
named contributory failings, they are generally, and I think justly,
Digitized by LjOOQIC
MEETINGS HELD. 97
credited with striking for higher wages too often, with doing as little
as possible for the wages paid, and with combining to waste their
employers' substance in every possible manner. The master builders
are fully alive to these facts, and to guard against loss protect them-
selves by increasing their tenders for work, the result being that the
investor cannot see a fair return on his outlay, and does not proceed
with the work. The natural result is that thei-e are a number of
men walking about the streets with nothing to do ; they are held up
in some newspapers as martyrs and their employers as mercenaries,
and so the wretched game goes on, leading to poverty, misery, and
disease among the lower classes, who, as I said before, have to a large
extent only themselves to blame. Of course you are aware we have
got on very well with the work of the Institute in South Africa, and
I may mention that upon my motion the Corporation of the City of
Cape Town have voted the sum of .£300 per annum fof two years as
a contribution to the funds of your examining body, for the purpose
of providing lectures in elementary science, physics, etc., to young
colonists, who desire to obtain your diplomas for the office of sanitary
inspector. This fund is administered by your Board of Examiners
in conjunction with the Mayor of Cape Town. I submit that the
thanks of this Institute are due to the Corporation of Cape Town
for the liberal manner in which they have come forward to assist
your representatives in South Africa iii the work they have under-
taken. At the Mayoral Congress held at Port Elizabeth in March, I
submitted an appeal for comprehensive help from all municipalities
in South Africa, pointing out to them the fact that Cape Town at
the present moment is saddled with the sole responsibility of training
those who are to be the future executive in the administration of
public health in South Africa, and that it was hardly fair to expect
one centre to be saddled with the whole financial responsibility of
training those who might take office in other centres. I called upon
the Congress generally to contribute according to their means tx) a
. general fund, which could be administered by the sanitary authori-
ties. I have every reason for hoping that this will be carried
through. You will see that this work in South Africa will make a
good show, and bring nothing but credit to the Institute here and
there. In last October we held our first examination in Cape Town,
when nineteen candidates presented themselves, and nine were
passed; in March we held the second examination in Durban
(Natal), the result of which will be announced in due course.
We are also considering the necessity of holding local examin-
ations in Johannesburg, Bloemfontein, Bulawayo, and other capital
centres, but we experience difficulty in the matter of training
and educating candidates in other centres than Cape Town and
Durban, as these, with the exception of a portion of Port
Elizabeth, are the only South African towns that have complete
modern systems of water carriage sewers and adequate water
supplies. Cape Town, however, has the advantage of being the
University centre, and of having the laboratories and professors
of the South African College at hand, as well as being the residence
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98 MEETINGS HELD.
of your Board of Examiners, who, as you know, have given a series
of gratuitous lectures to students, and have superintended their
studies generally up to the present. In conclusion, I feel it my
duty to impress upon you the great obligation your Institute and
your Board of Examiners in South Africa owe to the Secretary
of our Board, Dr. Jasper Anderson. Without that gentleman's
help I do not know what we should have done. He has taken an
enormous interest in the work, and his advice has always been at
my disposal and at the disposal of the Board. I am sure you will
join with me in thanking him for what he has done in this matter
in South Africa. I hope that the next time we meet I shall have
more to tell you, but I can assure you it has been a great pleasure
to us to take up this work in South Africa to-day, and for the
members of the Board to have done what they have done. They
feel, and I think you also may feel, very pleased at the result
of their labours there. On behalf of my colleagues in all British
Colonies and Dependencies, I beg to return you my most sincere
thanks for the very kind way in which you have drunk our health
this evening.
Mr. W. Whitaker, F.B.S., the Chairman of the Council, also
replied, and the toast of "The Chairman," proposed by Sir John
lire Primrose, closed the toaSt list.
CONGRESS AND EXHIBITION AT GLASGOW.
The Twenty-second Congress and Exhibition of the Institute
was held at Glasgow from July 25th to 30th, 1904.
Very suitable accommodation was provided for the meetings
of the Congress in the University and St. Andrew's Halls, and'
excellent arrangements were made for the reception and con-
venience of members. The Exhibition was held at the East
End Exhibition Buildings. ^
The Congress was received by the Hon. the Lord Provost,
Sir John lire Primrose, Bart., in the St. Andrew's Hall.
The Hon. the Lord Provost formally opened the Exhibition.
A Luncheon was held in the Exhibition, at which Mr. W.
Whitaker, F.R.S., Chairman of Council, presided.
The First General Meeting was held on July 25tli. The
Right Honourable Lord Bl^thswood, Lord Lieutenant of Ren-
frewshire, was installed as President of the Congress bv A.
Wynter BIyth, Vice-President, and delivered his Inaugural
Address.
The business of the Congress was divided into three Sections
and eight special Conferences. Particulars of these are given
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
MEETiXGS HELD. 99
in the programme of the Congress in the Supplement to Part I.
of the Journal. During the Congress 95 addresses, lectures,
and papers were read in 18 meetings. The Presidents' Ad-
dresses are published in the present number of the Journal.
The papers read in the Sectional Meetings, with the discussions
upon them, will be published in Part III. of the present volume,
and the proceedings of the Conferences will be given in Part IV.
During the meeting excursions were made to — Evening
Cruise up Loch Goil ; Inspection of Harbour ; Messrs. Shanks
& Co.'s Works, Barrhead ; Earnock Collieries, Hamilton ; Sew-
age Purification Works, Dalmuir ; Gareloch, Loch Long, and
Loch Lomond ; Kilchattau Bay and Rothesay ; Trossachs ;
Lanark, the Falls of Clyde, and Craignethan Castle ; Loch
Eck and Loch Fyne ; Campbeltown ; Sail Down the Clyde ;
Bums Monument and Cottage ; Knockdou Farm, and Culzean
Castle.
The members were most hospitably entertained — at Garden
Parties, at the Botanic Gardens, and the Euchill Hospital — ^by
the Corporation; and at the Excursions by Mr. W. Graham,
Messrs. Shanks & Co., the Glasgow Corporation, and others.
Visits were also made to the Municipal undertakings of the
Corporation.
The numbers attending the Congress were as follows : —
Delegates, 620 ; Members and Associates of the Institute, 305 ;
Associates of the Congress, and other Subscribers, 113; Com-
plimentary and Press, 300 ; making a total of 1,338.
Delegates were appointed by about 326 Sanitary Authorities
and learned Institutions.
The Closing Meeting.
The Closing Meeting of the Congress was held on Friday,
July 29th; W. Whitaker, B.A., F.E.S., Chairman of Council,
presided.
Reports of the work done in the different Sections and Con-
ferences, and the Resolutions passed, were read by the respective
Secretaries, and the Resolutions were referred to the Council
of the Institute for consideration.
Proposed by Lieut.-Col. R. H. Firth, R.A.M.C., seconded by
the Chairman : —
Resolved — "That The Sanitary Institute and members of the
Congress desire to express their most sincere thanks to the Hon.
The Lord Provost and Lady Ure Primrose and to the Corporation
of the City of Glasgow, for the cordial manner in which the Congress
has been received, and for the personal kindness and hospitality
extended to the members."
VOL. XXV. PABT II.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
100 MEETn^GS HELD.
Proposed by A. Wellesley Harris, M.R.C.S. : —
Eesolved — "That the hearty thanks of The Sanitary Institute
and the Congress be presented to the Chancellor and Senate of the
University of Glasgow, and to the Corporation of the City of
Glasgow, for their courtesy in placing at the disposal of the Congress
handsome and suitable buildings for the various meetings."
Proposed by Prof. Dunbar, of Hamburg : —
Eesolved — " That the hearty thanks of the members of the Con-
gress be given to the Lord Provost and the Corporation of Glasgow ;
to Councillor Cleland, Chairman of the Excursions Sub-Committee ;
to the Heads of the various Departments of the Corporation ; to the
Tramways Committee and Mr. Young, General Manager; to the
Members and Officials of the Clyde Navigation Trust; to Mr.
Alexander Cross; to Mr. William Graham: to Messrs. Shanks &
Co. ; to Messrs. John Watson, Ltd. ; to the Directors of the various
Clubs and Baths ; and others, for having so kindly shown hospitality
at private receptions, by privileges accorded to members, and at the
various excursions, which have added so greatly to the pleasure and
enjoyment of the meeting."
Proposed by E. G. Mawbey, M.Inst.C.E., seconded by the
Secretary of the Institute : —
Eesolved — " That the earnest thanks of the Congress are due to
the Local General Committee, the various Sub-Committees, and the
Local Secretary, for their arduous labours in their several depart-
ments, and for their unremitting exertions in carrying out the many
details in the organisation of the Congress, which have culminated
in such a successful meeting."
Proposed by J. E. Worth, M.Inst.C.E. :—
Eesolved — "That the thanks of this meeting are due to the
members of the Press for the reports which have been published
of the proceedings, and which are largely instrumental in the dis-
semination of the teachings of the Congress."
Proposed by W. Whitaker, F.R.S. :—
Eesolved — " That the cordial thanks of the Congress be hereby
presented to tlie President, Eight Honourable Lord Blythswood, for
the interest and courtesy he has displayed in presi£ng over the
Congress."
Digitized by VjOOQIC
101
AWAEDS MADE AT THE EXHIBITION.
SILVER MEDAL.
Bradley Star Tap Co.
Equilibrium and Compensating Ball, Bib and Meter Taps.
British Sanitary Co.
Self- Acting Earth Closets.
Cadbury Bros., Ltd.
Pure Cocoa.
¥. C. Calvert & Co.
Carbolic Acid Preparation.
Wm. Cassels.
Eange of Lavatory Basins (No. 21 Pattern).
J. Defries & Sons.
Equifex Disinfector, with Automatic Siphonic Attachment.
LiMMER Asphalte Paving Co.
Mastic Asphalte as used for Building and Sanitary Purposes.
PoccxK Bros.
India Kubber Padded Boom, with seamless floor and gutters.
Wilson & Stockall.
Brougham Ambulance with Convertible Stretchers.
Wilson & Stockall.
Brougham Ambulance Van.
Brown & Co.
Windows arranged to open inwards for cleaning.
BRONZE MEDAL.
W. E. Baker.
Improved Coin Receiving Lock.
Burn Bros.
Locking Drain Rod Joint.
J. & M. Craig, Ltd.
White Enamelled Eireclay Wash Tub, with back Splash Rim
perforated for Tap.
J. Defries & Sons.
Improved Portable Spray Disinfector for Rooms.
DouLTON & Co., Ltd.
Siphonic Closet.
DouLTON & Co., Ltd.
Improved Compact Closet.
DouLTON & Co., Ltd.
Lift-out Bath Waste.
J. Duckett & Sons, Ltd.
Improved Urinals, with vertical riser and channel accessible for
cleansing.
J. Duckett & Sonsj Ltd.
Isolated Siphonic Closets, with recessed basins.
J. Duckett & Sons, Ltd.
Anti-flooding Gully.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
102 AWAEDS.
J. DrcKETT & Sons, Ltd.
Gully Channel (1899 Pattern;.
KiLLGEBM Co., Ltd.
Drain Eod Joint.
David King & Sons.
Glass Glazed Iron Pipes.
Alexandeb Knowles.
Individual Communion Cups.
W. B. MoEBisoN & Son.
Lift-out Bath Waste.
Wm. Motes & Sons.
" Acetylite " Carbine-to-Water Acetylene Generator.
Shanks & Co., Ltd.
Wave Supply Lavatory Fittings.
Shanks & Co., Ltd.
Lift-out Bath Waste.
Shanks & Co., Ltd.
Modern Combination Closet.
Slack & Beownlow.
Hospital Filters for Hot and Cold Water, with Thermometers
attached.
Speies & Co.
Temporary Building, with double air spaces to sides and roof
and fire-resisting lining.
W. Sfmmeescales & Sons, Ltd.
" Challenge Eenown " Wa*shing Machine, with large Door and
Spring Bolts.
John T. Whittomb.
Automatic Complete £oad Scavenger.
E. WOEEALE & Co.
Collapsible Gate, self-sustained without Track Bails.
SELECTED FOR PRACTICAL TRIAL.
DouLTON & Co., Ltd.
Mixing Valve for Hot and Cold Water.
Hbenan & FEOrDB.
Refuse Destructor Appliances.
HOESFALL DeSTEFOTOE Co., LtD.
Portable Destructor.
H. BiBCH KlLLON.
Fiddian's Rotary Distributor for Sewage Purification.
J. RowBLL & Sons.
" Eos " Air Gas Apparatus.
Shanks & Co.
New Pattern Siphonic Closet.
WiLSKEMP, Ltd.
Fuel Economiser.
Various Disinfectants.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
CAXDIDA.TES CERTIFICATED. 103
Examinations.
From January to March the foUowintr Examinations were
held:-
Practical Sanitary Science.
March 29th and Slst, 1904, Hong Kong. 7 Candidates, 4 Certifi-
cates.
April 15th and 16th, 1904, Birmingham. 7 Candidates, 2 Certifi-
cates.
May 6th and 7th, 1904, London. 15 Candidates, 6 Certificates.
June 3rd and 4th, 1904, Manchester. 3 Candidates, 1 Certificate.
June 10th and 11th, 1904, Leeds. 3 Candidates, 1 Certificate.
June 24th and 25th, 1904, Cork. 1 Candidate, 1 Certificate.
July 1st and 2nd, 1904, Cardiff. 4 Candidates, no Certificates.
July loth and 16th, 1904, Liverpool. 10 Candidates, 5 Certificates.
Inspectors of Nuisances.
March 25th and 26th, 1904, Durban. 6 Candidates, 3 Certificates.
March 29th and 3l8t, 1904, Hong Kong. 11 Candidates, 8 Certifi-
cates.
April loth and 16th, 1904, Birmingham. 29 Candidates, 14 Certifi-
cates.
May 6th and 7th, 1904, London. 89 Candidates, 37 Certificates.
June 3rd and 4th, 1904, Manchester. 36 Candidates, 13 Certifi-
cates.
June 10th and 11th, 1904, Leeds. 30 Candidates, 18 Certificates.
June 24th and 25th, 1904, Cork. 4 Candidates, 2 Certificates.
July 1st and 2nd, 1904, Cardiff. 59 Candidates, 30 Certificates.
July 15th and 16th, 1904, Liverpool. 77 Candidates, 27 Certifi-
cates.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
June 10th and 11th, 1904, Leeds. 8 Candidates, 3 Certificates.
Inspectors of Meat and Other Foods.
May 13th and 14th, 1904, London. 19 Candidates, 16 Certificates.
June 17th and 18th, 1904, Glasgow. 4 Candidates, 3 Certificates.
Candidates who have received Certificates,
April— July, 1904.
Practical Sanitary Science,
1904, May 7. *Abbll, George John.
1904, Apr. 16. Brainsby, Harry Todd.
1904, June 11. *Barugh, Walter.
1904, July 16. Brook, Albert,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
104 CANDIDATES CERTIFICATED.
1904, Mar. 31. Cunningham, Patbick A.
1904, May 7. *Fillaby, Albebt Anthony.
1904, July 16. *Gabtside, Hebbbbt William.
1904, July 16. Goodyeb, Cecil Beaha^i.
1904, Apr. 16. *Haeman, Albebt Geobge.
1904, Mar. 31. Hemmings, Eobebt Edwin.
1904, June 25. Houston, AVilliam.
1904, May 7. *Lawbance, John, Jimr..
1904, Mar. 31. Lbmm, John.
1904, May 7. *MAcrABLAiNE, Eobebt Melbourne.
1904, May 7. Moffatt, William Habold.
1904, June 4. ♦Nobton, Cecil Hebbebt.
1904, May 7. •Passmobe, Walteb Abthur.
1904, July 16. *Eeoch, Albxandeb.
1904, July 16. ♦Eydeb, Edwabd.
1904, Mar. 31. Samy, Abthtjb Poonoo.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers,
1904, Junell.liCLEGG, Eya.
1904. June 11. Gedge, Chables.
1904, Junell.Z/MiTTON, Beateice Mary Wright.
Inspector of Meat and Other Foods,
1904, June 18, Allaway, William Bernard.
1904, May 14. Bubne, Capt. Eainald Owen, a.s.(\
1904, May 14. JDuck, Albert George.
1904, May 14. Fobd, Major Eeginald, d.s.o.
1904, May 14. Keeslab:e, Chables Heney.
1904, May 14. Lawbence, James.
1904, June 18. Littlefaib, James.
1904, May 14. McBeth, William Ewaet.
1904, June 18. JMcLuskie, John.
1904, May 14. Matson, William Smith.
1904, May 14. Odell, Abthub.
1904, May 14. Pebbin, William James.
1904, May 14. Eeid, Habry Ateby.
1904, May 14. Eyan, Major Charles Montgomerie, d.s.o.
1904, May 14. Sargent, Major Henry Neptune, a.s.c.
1904, May 14. Seden, James Leonard.
1904, May 14. Taylor, Major Francis P. Stewart, a.s.c.
1904, May 14. Tomlinson, John.
1904, May 14. Williamson, William Parker.
Inspector of Nuisances,
1904, July 2. JAlexander, Ebes.
1904, July 16. J Allison, Andrew Watt.
1904, July 2. jAndrews, Josiah.
1904, July 16. JAppleton, William Henry.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
CANDIDATES CERTIFICATED.
105
904, Apr. 16. tAEMiTAGB, Hebbert James.
904, Apr. 16. Bacon, Harhy.
904, July 16. tBALDocK, Henry George.
904, May 7. Barbinger, G-eorgb.
904, June 4. JBaxter, Sydney.
904, June 4. Bell, Joseph Eamsay.
904, Mar. 31. Bennett, Eomas.
904, May 7. J^Bhose, Agnes Helena.
904, June 11. Bintcliffe, Harold.
904, Apr. 16. Blake, Walter Thomas.
904, May 7. JBlakbr, Henry Morgan.
904, May 7. Z/Blewitt, Mary Eteson Trafford.
904, May 7. JBookbr, Eeginald Edgar.
904, Apr. 16. Bradbury, Thomas Edmund.
904, June 11. Broadbelt, Sam.
904, May 7. Bullen, Frederick Edwin.
904, May 7. JButler, Stanley George Montague.
904, July 16tZCALLOw, Frances Kate.
904, June 4tL0ARMiCHAEL, Mary Stewart.
904, May 7H:i^CLiFFE, Louisa.
904, July 16. JChambeblain, Eichabd.
904, June 11. Chambers, George.
904, June 4. Chapman, Geobge Henei.
904, July 2. CoLLABD, Jesse.
904, May 7. JCollins, Harry.
904, July 16. Conchib, Ebenezer Wilson.
904, July 16. CooKSON, Thomas.
904, Mar. 31. Coysh, Geobge William.
904, June 11. JCullen, John William.
904, June 4. Cummins, Evelyn.
904, Apr. 16. JDayis, Ebnbst Hebbebt.
904, July 2. Da VIES, David Bowen.
904, May 7. JDelobme, Louis Henby Paul.
904, May 7. +I>enmabk, Hebbebt Samuel.
904, May 7ii^DENTiTH, Elizabeth Southebn.
904, June 11. Dbansfield, Joe William.
904, Apr. 16. Dbapeb, Bebtbam E.
904, June 11. Dumble, William F. S.
904, July 16. EcKEBSLEY, Fbank.
904, June 11. JEdwabds, Alfbed Edwabd.
904, June 11. JEdwabds, Gibson.
904, July 2. JEvANS, Amos.
904, Mar. 26. Finlayson, Gobdon Black.
904, July 16, Z^Fisheb, Caboline Maby.
904, July 2. Flashman, Walteb Thomas.
904, July 2. ZFox, Ada Evelyn.
904, Mar. 31. Gidley, Hubert John AVilliam.
904, Mar. 3L Gidley, Sydney Maurice.
904, Apr. 16. Gillis, Alfred Eoyle.
904, May 7. JGlover, Frank Ludlow.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
106 CANDIDATES CEETIFICATED.
1904, July 2. Gray, Frederick EowLAND.
1904, July 2. ^Gregory, Archibald Jack.
1904, July 2. Griffiths, Gwilym.
1904, May 7. Grimbr, Thomas.
1904, May 7. JHall, Frederick William.
1904, May 7iZHARRisoN, Mabel.
1904, June 25. ZHLvttox, Mary Elizabeth.
1904, May 7. JHeath, Joseph Templeton.
1904, May 7. +Hbath, Walter.
1904, May 7. JHenderson, Andrew.
1904, May 7. JHerring, Kowland H.
1904, June 11. JHoward, Augustine D.
1904, July 2. Z/HoYLE, Alice Deborah.
1904, June 4. JHoylb, William Edmund.
1904, July 2. Z Hughes, Edith Ann.
1904, July 16. tHuGHES, Percy Joseph.
1904, May 7. JHughbs, Willlam.
1904, July 16. Hyland, Edward.
1904, Apr. 16. Kimberley, Joseph Eustace.
1904, June 11. JKirton, Hugh.
1904, May 7. Knight, Elton Harker.
1904, July 2. JJacka, John.
1904, July 16. tJACKSoN, John William.
1904, July 16. Jackson, Samuel.
1904, July 2. JJames, William.
1904, July 2 JZ Jenkins, Elizabeth Ann.
1904, July 2. JJenkins, Thomas Watkins.
1904, July 16. Jones, Joseph Arthur.
1904, July 2. Jones, Martin Luther.
1904, July 16. iJoNES, Thomas Owen.
1904, July 2. JJoNES, William Llewellyn*.
1904, June 4. JLewtas, Fred.
1904, July 2tLLiMONT, Sarah Weddell.
1904, July 16. L Littleton, Ann Bates.
1904, Mar. 31. Longstaff, John Thomas.
1904, June 11. Macdonald, John.
1904. June 4. JMackay, Alexander.
1904, May 7i// Mackenzie, Charlotte.
1904, July 2. Z Mark, Annie Maud Mary.
1904, Apr. 16. Mark, Charles Fletcher.
1904, Apr. 16. Massey, William.
1904, Apr. 16. McDonald, Hay.
1904, July 16,XMcNicoLL, Lakie.
1904, July 16. Moister, Eichard Pearson.
1904, May 7. L Monk, Mary.
1904, July 2. JMoRGAN, William Eichard Viriamu.
1904, Mar. 31. Morphew, George.
1904, July 16. Moston, Henry Ernest.
1904, June 25. Murray, Charles.
1904, May 7. JNewland, Edward William.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
CANDIDATES CERTIFICATED. 10?
1904, Mar. 26. Xiblett, Alfred James.
1904, May 7. Nixon, George Owen.
1904, June 4. Nuttall, James Willie.
1904, June 11. JOates, Frederick.
1904, May 7. JOfford, Edward Pbgden.
1904, July 2. Pearse, William Frederick.
1904, July 16. iPiNCHES, James.
1904, May 7. tPLAin?, John George.
1904, June 4. Pritt, Arthur Henry.
1904, Mar. 31. Ebidie, John. .
1904, July 16. Z^Eighton, Eya Elizabeth.
1904, June 4. tEoBERTS, Charles Lloyd.
1904, June 11. JRobson, Francis Henry.
1904, July 2. EowE, Albert.
1904, June 11. Saxton, Joseph.
1904, July 16. Shaw, Eichard, Junr.
1904, May 7. t Simpson, Alexander James.
. 1904, July 16. JSnailham, James.
1904, May 7. Squibb, Frank.
1904, June^ll. JStonehouse, John.
1904, May' 7. JStride, George Victor.
1904, July 16. tSwAiNSTON, Edwin.
1904, Apr. 16. Z Swallow, Lottie.
1904, June 4. LSymb, Ada Marie.
1904, June 11. Taylor, Herbert.
1904, May 7. JTaylor, William.
1904, May 7. JTessier, Henry.
1904, July 2. Thomas, Edward.
1904, July 2. Thomas, Ivor.
1904, July 2. Thomas, Thomas Price,
1904, Mar. 26. Thomson, William.
1904, May 7. JVickers, Frederic.
1904, July 2. JWainwright, Hubert Cyril.
1904, May 7. JWainwright, Walter Hepburn.
1904, Apr. 16. Wakeford, William Thomas.
1904, Apr. 16. L Walton, Kathleen.
1904, July 16. JWarbrick, William Archer.
1904, May 7. +Ward, Frederick William.
1904, July 2. Warren, Alfred John.
1904, July 16. J Wilson, Alfred.
1904, June 11. + Wilson, Joseph.
1904, July 2. Williams, David.
19u4, July 16. tWisEMAN, Alfred James, Lieut.-Major,
R.A.M.C.
1904, May 7. Wiseman, Francis Augustus John Bar-
tholomew.
1904, July 2, J Wilts hire, Alan Lionel.
1904, June 4. JWoodhall, James William, Junr.
1904, Mar. 31. Woolley, William Henry.
1904, June 11. Womersley, Harry.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
108 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
Examination Questions,
Practical Sanitary Science. — Birmingham, April 15th and 16th, 1904.
1. What is the percentage composition of ordinary atmospheric air?
Give a list of occupations which by causing pollution of the air may
be dangerous to the health of the workers.
2. An outfall sewer is three feet in diameter, and has a gradient
of 1 in 1,000. What will be the discharging capacity when it is
running (a) one-third full, (6) one-half full ?
3. Describe the mode of softening chalk water by Clark's and
other processes. What is meant by Clark's scale of hardness ?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of cement concrete
as a material for the walls and floors of dwelling houses ? Specify
the composition and mode of using that you would recommend.
5. For heating a large hospital ward, what are the advantages and
disadvantages of each of the following: (a) open fires, (h) closed
stoves, (c) low pressure hot water, (d) steam heating.
6. What are the impurities in air vitiated by respiration ? ' State
their relative importance. Calculate the cubic contents in feet of
a room 20 feet square and 9 feet 6 inches high, with a semi-circular
bay window from floor to ceiliog, the radius of the semi-circle being
3 feet.
7. Give sketch of a square acre of land with measurement of side,
show main sub-soil drain running through to south-west corner with
suitable branch drains. Give sizes and depths of drains. In what
way does vegetable earth differ from the subsoil ?
8. What are the changes effected in the composition of sewage by
passing it through efficient bacterial filters? Compare the com-
position of a sewage from a water closet district with that of a
district without water closets.
The Candidates were examined viv^ voce on the \Qih.
Practical Sanitary Science, — London, May 6th and 7th, 1904.
1. What is meant by the relative humidity of the atmosphere, and
how is it measured ? What degrees of relative humidity would you
expect to find during the height of summer in such places as Cairo
and London respectively ? What is the importance of this relative
humidity from a health point of view?
2. Sketch the plan of a detached house, showing the best aspect
for it. Indicate the positions of sitting-rooms, bed-rooms, kitchen,
larder, etc., and give reasons.
3. Discuss the suitability of the following sites for residential
property : rock, sand or gravel, chalk, clay, and alluvial drift. State
how these soils influence health.
4. Give sketches illustrating Old English and Flemish bonding in
brickwork, and the advantages of each. State the uses to which
London Stocks, Eed Eubbers, Blue Staffords, Adamantine Clinkers
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 109
are put. State the material of which each kind of brick is made,
and its sanitary merits.
5. Should lead or galvanized iron service pipes be used for (a)
Hard water; (6) Soft water.
State the effect which the improper use of such materials would
have on the water.
6. Describe the construction of a hot water service, for bath and
other purposes, in a mansion. Describe how the circulation is
obtained, and show by a diagram the position of the boiler, cistern,
cylinder, etc., and state the precautions that should be taken to
prevent damage by frost.
7. What points should be attended to in the construction of an
open fire-place, so as to obtain the greatest heating capacity from
the coal used? Mention some common defects met Vith in this
i^pspect.
8. Show by sketches the drainage arrangements of a house of four
stories with w.c, sink and bath on each floor. The sketches to
include soil pipe, drain and the disconnecting manhole with outlet
to sewer.
27ie Candidates were examined viva voce on the 7th,
Practical Sanitary Science. — Manchester, June 3rd and 4th, 1904.
1. Sketch and explain the action of a lift pump, and state the
depth from which it will raise water.
Sketch and explain a hydraulic ram.
2. Distmguish between a fluid and a gas ; what is meant by the
co-efficient of expansion of a gas ?
3. Upon what factors does the healthiness or the unhealthiness of
a soil chiefly depend ? Classify as far as possible the different soils
in the order of healthiness, distinguishing between the immediate
local conditions and the geology of the district.
4. Describe any processes known to you for preserving timber.
Explain dry rot and wet rot, and how can each be prevented.
6. Give the composition, and state the usual proportions of :
Cement concrete for foundations ;
„ „ „ roofs and floors ;
Mortar for building brick walls ;
„ plastering.
6. G-ive some idea of the relative value of various angles for day-
light illumination. How can the actual angle be modified in practice?
7. By what standard is respiratory impurity expressed ? Describe
a simple experiment to indicate the effect of respiration on the air.
What is the composition of inspired and expired air ?
8. Sketch an arrangement of drains for a country mansion, with
stables, offices, etc., and describe the means for the disposal of the
sewage and waste water where no sewer is available.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the Ath.
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110 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
Practical Sanitary Science. — Leeds, June 10th and 11th, 1904.
1. What is meant by "latent heat" and how is it measured?
Explain the difference between saturated and superheated steam.
What is meant by " current steam " and " confined steam " ?
2. Give an example of a solid and of a liquid not expanding by
the addition of heat, A gas at 32^r. is increased in temperature to
305®F. ; how much is its volume increased if left free to expand ?
3. Compare the various subsoils used as building sites, as to their
fitness from a health point of view.
4. A million gallons of water a day have to be filtered for the
supply of a town. Indicate the area, and describe the construction
of a suitable filter.
5. Draw a cross section of the walls, foundations and basement
fioor of a house to be built on a damp subsoil, and describe what
means you would adopt to render it dry and healthy.
6. What are the principles involved in efficient ventilation ? How
would you ventilate an underground convenience ?
7. Draw a plan and section of a disconnecting manhole 10 feet
deep, at the junction of two waste water drains and a soil drain.
-> 12" dia.
8. Give a brief description of the leading classes of road pavement
and the conditions under which each is found most efficient, together
with a section showing how each is laid.
TJic Candidates were examined viva voce on the Wth.
Practical Sanitary Science, — Cork, June 24th and 25th, 1904.
1. What is meant by the expressions (a) Eelative Humidity, (b)
Dew Point ? Describe a method of ascertaining relative humidity.
2. In reporting on the sanitary condition of a group of small
cottages in the country, what surroundings would you refer to as
influencing this condition ?
3. Define " hard water " and " soft water." State the geological
formations which yield hard water and those which yield soft water.
What are the principal characteristics of river water and water
derived from shallow and from deep wells ?
4. Draw cross sections of two kinds of fire-proof floors, and state
their advantages and defects.
5. Describe the various slates, with their sizes, for covering roofs.
Give a sketch showing the manner in which they are laid and secured.
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BXAMINATIOX QUESTIONS. Hi
6. By the low-pressure hot-water system, what length of 4 inch
pipe will give 100 square feet of heating surface, and how many feet
run of 4 inch pipe would be required for warming a public museum
containing 216,000 cubic feet ?
7. Sketch an arrangement of drains for a large country house with
stables, offices, etc. Show the connections to a cesspool, and describe
the way to dispose of the sewage collected therein.
8. Describe the arrangement and action of a Befuse Destructor.
What temperature is usually maintained? What percentage of
clinker remains ? Wliat is forced draught ?
Tlie Candidates were examined viva voce on the 25t7i.
Practical Sanitart/ Science. — Cardiff, July 1st and 2nd, 1904.
1. Wh^t is atmospheric pressure and how is it produced? What,
on an average, is the difference between the pressure of the atmo-
sphere at sea level and at a height of 10,000 feet above the sea level?
2. A mansion is to be supplied with water derived from a well.
Give a description of how it should be constructed to prevent any
surface pollution affecting the water. Draw a section through the
well showing mode of construction.
3. Name the different kinds of bricks used in buildinc:. What are
the relative advantages of each, from a hygienic point of view ?
4. State briefly the composition and process of manufactnre of the
following materials: — Stone lime mortar; Lime and hair mortar;
Cement mortar ; Pressed bricks ; Blue bricks ; Terra-cotta.
5. Illustrate by sketches the best position for windows in relation
to floor and ceiling in —
(a) Sitting or living rooms,
(b) School-rooms.
(c) Hospitals.
What relation does glass surface for lighting usually bear to floor
space?
6. State the principle and describe the working of —
(a) Warming by hot air.
(h) Low-pressure hot-water heating apparatus,
(c) Hot-water domestic service.
Compare the merits of hot water and hot air for warming buildings.
7. How many gallons of water will a hemi-spherical tank 15 feet
in diameter contain when two solid spheres each 2 feet 9 inches in
diameter are within it ? What are the contents in feet of a cone
7 feet high and 5 feet diameter at the base ?
8. How would you drain a country house where there are no
sewers? Give sketches showing the arrangements necessary to
prevent any nuisance arising.
T7ie Candidates were examined viva voce on the 2nd.
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112 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
Practical Sanitary Science. — Liverpool, July 15th and 16th, 1904.
1. Describe the principle of the Bramah Press, and show that a
knowledge of this principle is essential to the hydraulic engineer.
2. Explain in detail the method of draining the clay subsoil of a
site ]50 feet square, having a public road upon one side. Grive a
sketch-plan of the drains to scale.
:3. If you were called upon to examine and to report upon a
stream flowing through a district that was complained of as being
polluted, what would be your mode of procedure ?
4. State the component parts of —
(a) Ordinary lime concrete.
(h) Cement concrete.
(c) Lias Hme concrete.
Specify the tests which would ,be applied to the cement and the
limes. How should the concrete be mixed and applied ? To what
class of work is each kind of concrete most suitable ?
5. Describe the main features of the following systems of heating
n building by hot water : —
(a) The high-pressure system.
(h) The low-pressure system.
State the advantages and disadvantages of each, and what should be
the ratio of heating surface to cubical contents.
6. How is the quantity of air space determined in a workshop ?
What space would be required for sixteen joiners, and also a gas
stove consuming 8 cubic feet of gas per hour ?
7. Sketch the following closets : —
(a) Long Hopper.
(h) Wash down.
(c) Wash out.
State the advantages or disadvantages of each, with your view as to
the amount of water that it is desirable to use for flushing.
8. What do you understand by the natural or biological purifica-
tion of sewage ? Describe any one installation for this purpose with
which you are acquainted.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 16th,
School Hygiene, — Leeds, June 10th and 11th, 1904.
(Only ten questions to he answered^ the selection being left to the
candidate.)
1. Briefly describe the formation of the human eye, and explain
the abnormal conditions responsible for short sight and astigmatism.
Describe simple means of ascertaining which scholars are suffering
from abnormal vision.
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. EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 113
2. What is the value of exercise in development of the body, and
to what particular objects should such exercise be directed in school
life ? What forms of exercise are in your opinion best adapted to
meet these particular objects ?
3. Define the proper posture for a child writing at a desk. What
iU effects may follow upon the adoption of bad postures ?
4. What are your ideas with regard to the precautions necessary
in the use of towels, mugs, books, and slate pencils, in order to
guard against the spread of infectious diseases ?
5. Formulate a scheme with a view to the exclusion of infected
children from school. A scholar is suffering from sore throat in
school ; what would you do ?
6. It is found necessary to disinfect a class-room, a cloak-room,
and their contents. How may this be efficiently performed ?
7. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of class-rooms
lighted from —
(a) The North-east.
(6) The South-east.
(c) The West.
8. Show by an outline sketch plan how 200 children could be
accommodated on a floor of an Elementary School. Indicate
position of doors, windows, and teacher's desk.
9. Explain how fresh air can be warmed before admission into a
class-room, and how foul air can be removed from the same. What
are the effects of inefficient ventilation upon scholars, and how may
inadequacy in the ventilation be tested ?
10. Where is stoppage in a drainage system most likely to occur,
and from what causes ? Of what materials and in what, sizes are the
drains in general use made, and how are the drains ventilated ?
11. What lessons in sanitation could be drawn from a flower-pot
containing a growing plant ?
12. Describe how mental training may influence health and bodily
development.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the Wth.
Inspectors of Meat and Other i^oocZ*.— London, May 13th & 14th, 1904.
{Only eight of the questions to he answered.)
1. What statutory powers exist to prohibit the sale of a particular
supply of milk, and under what circumstances can they be exercised ?
2. Under what circumstances would you consider articles of food
" for the purpose of preparation for sale'*?
3. Describe the appearances in the flesh of a pig suffering from
4. Describe the appearances of the heart, liver, and kidneys of the
ox, and contrast them with those of the horse.
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114 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
5. In Actinomycosis, how does primary infection usually take
place ? What animals and what organs are most usually affected ?
Describe the appearances which you would be likely to observe in an
ox suffering from this disease,
6. Describe the appearance of a healthy, as contrasted with an
unhealthy, lymphatic gland. Where would you look for tuberculous
lymphatic glands in a stripped carcase ?
7. Describe the difference between the fat of an ox, a horse, a
sheep, and a pig.
8. Distinguish between the following joints of a young ox and an
old cow : — (a) ribs ; (b) sirloin ; (c) round.
9. How would you test meat (fresh and salted) that showed no
outward signs of decomposition ?
10. Describe the provisions necessary for the lighting, ventilation,
water supply, and drainage of a well-constructed cowshed.
The Candidates were eccamined viva voce on the 14th,
Inspectors of Meat and other Foods, — Glasgow, June 17th & 18th, 1904.
{Only eight of the questions to he answered.)
1. What are the provisions of the Statute law with respect to meat
inspection outside the administrative County of London, and under
what Acts are these enforced ? How do these differ from the Public
Health London Act, 1891 ?
2. How would you judge of the fitness for human food of the
following articles, viz. : — Beef, pork, oysters, game of different kinds,
sausage, tinned meat, meat pies, cheese, milk ?
3. What is the normal temperature shown by a clinical thermometer
in the rectum of a cow, a horse and a sheep ? What is the significance
of a temperature four degrees above normal ?
4. Describe the position of the liver in the body of an ox ; what is
its form and colour when removed, and state what are most common
conditions rendering it unfit for food ?
5. What are the conditions recommended by the Eoyal Commission
as a guide to meat inspectors for seizure of animals suffering from
tuberculosis ?
6. What parasitic diseases are communicable to human beings by
the agency of domestic animals ? How is this source of danger best
prevented ?
7. State what you know of "diamond disease," slink meat,
salmon disease, sturdy ; and their effect on food intended for human
consumption.
8. What do you understand by the term " phosphorescent meat " ?
How is this condition produced, and does it call for any interference
on the part of the meat inspector or not ?
9. What animals suffer chiefly from distomatosis (fluke disease)?
Name and describe the two best known of these parasites. Where
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 115
are they usually to be found in the carcase, and what conditions do
they generally produce in the animal ?
10- What is the difference in the appearance of an animal that has
died before being bled and one that has been bled to death? Describe
the appearances of the two carcases when dressed, and of the lungs in
each case.
11. To what diseases are fowls, rabbits, and fish (of all kinds), liable,
which affect their fitness for human food ? What are the signs and
appearances of such diseases ?
12. Describe the process usually adopted to " Pasteurize " milk,
and explain how this method differs from sterilization ?
The Candidates were examined vivd voce (m the \Sth.
Inspectors of Nuisances, — Durban, March 25th and 26th, 1904.
1. What is the capacity in gallons of a circular cesspit, or well,
20 feet 3 inches deep and 5 feet 9 inches internal diameter ?
2. If, on entering a room, you find that the walls are damp from
the floor upwards, to what causes would you attribute the dampness,
and how would you rectify any defects you discovered ?
3. Frequent stoppages are reported in the drains carrying foul
water from a butcher's shop. State the probable causes of these
stoppages and the remedies to be applied in order to prevent their
recurrence.
4. Describe the various methods of testing house drains, giving
the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
5. Under what circumstances should a house have a storage tank
for water? How would you determine the capacity of such a tank
in a given case ? How should it be constructed and where should
it be placed ?
6. A house accommodating ten persons is situated in a village, on
one acre of land, by the side of the highway. There is a very slight
fall away from the road. There is no system of drainage and no
sanitary organisation. What scheme would you recommend for the
disposal of excreta and household waste? Discuss the relative
advantages and disadvantages of different schemes.
7. In what way do the following diseases spread : — plague, scarlet
fever and measles? How does the manner of spread affect the
measures to be selected for checking it in each case ?
8. If you were requested to frame a set of regulations dealing with
slaughter-houses, to what points in their construction and manage-
ment would you direct attention? In your answer refer to any
regulations dealing with this subject with which you may be
acquainted.
The Candidates were examined viv& voce on the 26th,
VOL. XXV. PAHT II.
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116 BXAMINATIOK QUESTIOITS.
Irupectors of Nuitances. — Birmingham, April 15th and 16th, 1904.
1. Detail the provisions set out in the Sale of Food and Drugs
Act, 1899. — (a) As to the marking of margarine and margarine
cheese ; (6) As to limit of amount of butter fat in margarine.
2. Describe briefly the provisions of the Factory and Workshops
Acts so far as they afiect underground bakehouses.
3. Mention the indications which, in your opinion, would lead you
to seize as unfit for food — (a) Potatoes ; (h) Onions ; (c) Cod fish.
4. What are the exemptions with respect to Smoke in Section 91
of the Public Health Act, 1875? Enumerate the steps to be taken
for Smoke abatement.
5. What measures should be adopted to prerent the spread of
infection from — (a) the urine and faeces of enteric fever patients;
(h) the nose and throat discharges of scarlet fever and diphtheria
patients; (c) the scabs of small-pox patients; in hospitals devoted
to the accommodation of persons suffering from these diseases ?
6. Mention the important points to be kept in view in the con-
struction and fixing of a ventilating shaft for a drain.
7. Explain the practical advantages and disadvantages of the inter-
mittent and constant methods of water supply ?
1
20 ft.
8. Calculate the cubic contents of room as above plan and 10 feet
height.
TTie Candidates were examined viv& voce on the l^th.
Inspectors of Nuisances. — London, May 6th and 7th, 1904.
1. A drain passing under a dwelling house is found to have open
joints, and sewage escapes into the ground around it. The occupier
"A" has the premises on lease firom the owner "B.'' Draft a
statutory notice for remedying the nuisance, specifying the work
required to be done. On whom should the notice be served ?
2. A case of enteric fever is being nursed in a farmhouse. Indicate
the precautions which should be taken with reference to the patient's
excreta, and the nature and strength of the disinfectant you would
recommend.
3. In consequence of a case of diphtheria you are called upon to
report upon the sanitary condition of a cottage. Give the outlines
of your report.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 117.
4. What precautions should be taken by purveyors of milk, and
persons selling milk by retail, to prevent infection or contamination
of milk?
5. What steps would you take to ascertain the sources of pollution
to a well ?
6. Explain the principles of ventilation by natural forces, and
describe two methods of introducing fresh air and extracting vitiated
air from a room.
7. Contrast the sanitary adv|ntages and drawbacks of the follow-
ing materials for roof coverings : Slates, Broseley Tiles, Zinc, Lead,
Thatch, Corrugated Iron, Willesden Paper, Tarred Felt.
8. What are the cubic contents of a pyramidal structure 40-fl.
high, with a base 27 ft. square — top, 6 ft. square.
The Candidates were examined vivA voce on the 7th,
Inspectors of Nuisances. — Manchester, June 3rd and 4th, 1904.
1. State the procedure in taking a sample of milk and one of flour
in course of delivery to a retail dealer under a contract. Under
what conditions is such action permissible in each case ?
2. What defects would you expect to find in an insanitary cottage
built many years ago ? Specify the nature of the work required to
remedy the same.
3. An inch of rain falls in the course of two hours upon a roof,
the horizontal area of which is 100 ft. by 50 ft, ; how many gallons
would be received on it per minute ?
4. Describe the various kinds of domestic filters, the substances
used for the purpose, and the advantages and disadvantages of their
use,
5. Enumerate the steps you would take in dealing with a case of
small-pox notified in a private house in a district where the sanitary
authority do not possess any special facilities for isolation and
disinfection.
6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the plenum
system of ventilating buildings?
7. Show by sketches the methods of jointing a 4-inch lead soil
pipe, its attachment to a wall, and its junction with a stoneware
house-drain.
8. Describe in detail how you would test the drains of a dwelling
;house by —
{a) Water.
(6) Smoke.
(c) Volatile substances.
In what circumstances would you apply each of these tests ?
The Candidates were eocamined viv& voce on the 4th.
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118 XXAMIKATION QT7E8TIOKS.
Inspectors of Nuisances, — ^Leeds, June 10th and 11th, 1904.
1. Set out in detail the steps to be taken to enable an inspector of
nuisances to enter premises for the purpose of opening the ground
and examining the drains. What follows if (a) the drains are found
defective, or (5) if found in proper condition ?
2. What nuisances may arise from the following trade processes,
and what measures should be adopted by the manufacturers to
obviate such nuisances ?
(a) Fish-frying.
(6) Candle factory,
(c) Gut scraper.
{d) Alkali works.
3. State the various means by which the water supplied to a house
on the intermittent system may become polluted.
4. Sketch and describe a rain-water storage cistern. What are
the objections to the use of stored rain water.
5. Calculate the contents in gallons of a cylinder 7 feet in diameter
and 11 feet high, and state the weight of water it would contain.
ft. What advantages are claimed for the spray method of disin-
fecting the surface of infected rooms, as compared with the fumiga-
tion method? What disinfecting solutions may be used for the
purpose of such spraying ?
7. Discuss the respective merits and demerits of (1) ordinary w.c.'s;
(2) slop water-closets, and (3) pail-closets and midden-privies, from
an economic and a sanitary standpoint.
8. Make a sketch showing in detail how you would arrange the
drainage of a house having two water-closets, one on the ground
floor and the other on the first floor. Also a bath and sink on first
floor.
The Candidates were examin>ed viva voce on the l\ih.
Inspectors of Nuisances. — Cork, June 24th and 25th, 1904.
1. Mention specifically the conditions under which an inspector of
nuisances has power of entry into premises.
2. A defective rubble drain is found to pass under a dwelling
house. Write a short report on this to the sanitary authority so as
to enable them to give the necessary instructions for action to be
taken under the nuisance clauses of the Public Health Act, 1875.
3. Describe the manner in which you would proceed to inspect
food stuffs stored in a large warehouse. Draw up headings-Jfor
report thereon.
4. State in detail how you would carry out disinfection at an
elementary school after an outbreak of diphtheria.
5. Describe in detail the best mode of construction of a shallow
well to prevent pollution by soakage and otherwise from the sur-
rounding soil and sub-soil.
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BXiLMINATION QUESTIONS. 119
6. Give a list of the materials used for cisterns for the storage of
water in houses, and the advantages of each and the defects each is
liable to.
< — 7' 6" — >
7. Calculate the cubic / a \
space in a room 31 feet / | \
5 inches long and of the
heights and width shown
on the following eleva-
tion : —
< 22' 6" >
Make sketches explanatory of the following : —
1. Connection between soil pipe and house drain.
2. Inspection-chamber, with fresh-air inlet.
3. Anti-siphonage pipe.
The Candidates were examined viva voce en the 25ih,
Inspectors of NxiisanKes* — Cardiff, July 1st and 2nd, 1904.
1. Grive a list of the offensive trades enumerated in section 112 of
the Public Health Act, 1875. How would you proceed to obtain
the abatement of a nuisance arising from fish-frying?
2. An inspector is informed of a nuisance caused by a blocked
drain under a private dwelling house. Explain clearly his duties
and powers to deal with this.
3. What are the more common parasites found in meat ? Describe
two of these and the appearances they present in ordinarily-dressed
meat.
4. Assuming that a public water supply is available of undoubted
purity, explain under what conditions such a water is liable to con-
tamination after delivery at the house, and how such possible defects
can be best obviated.
6. What appearances would lead you to consider that a barrel full
of mackerel found in a fish-shop was unfit for human consumption ?
and state the action you would take.
6. Name two subsoils suitable for building sites and two which are
not suitable. Describe how the latter can be improved.
7. How is a drain defined by the Public Health Act, 1875?
What is a single private drain? How do the provisions of the
Public Health Acts Amendment Act affect the latter?
8. Explain and give sketches of three methods of connecting the
outlet of a stoneware w.c. basin with a lead soil pipe.
The Candidates were examined viv4 voce on the 2nd.
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120 BXAMIlTiLTIOlT QUBSTIOKS,
Inspectors of Nuisances, — Liyerpool, July 15th and 16th, 1904.
1. During an inspection of the district, a drain is found to be
defective and causing a nuisance in the back yard of a house.
Draft a notice which you would serve regarding this matter, to
secure, if possible, the immediate abatement of the nuisance.
2. What considerations would guide you in dealing with (a) a
carcase of beef, and (6) a carcase of pork, affected with tuberculosis ?
Why is there a difference drawn between the two procedures ?
3. What is meant by a hard and by a soft water ? Discuss their
respective values for domestic purposes. Describe a process usually
adopted to soften water for a public supply.
4. It is deemed necessary to disinfect articles which have been
exposed to the infection of scarlet fever in a private dwelling-house.
The occupiers refuse to hand over the infected articles to the officer
of the local authority. Detail the legal steps to be taken in pursuance
of the Infectious Diseases Prevention Act, 1890.
6. Enumerate three liquid and three sohd disinfectants you are
acquainted with. Draw up directions for the use of any one of
them which you would give to an ordinary householder. How would
you disinfect a bedroom after a case of scarlet fever ?
6. Illustrate and describe three forms of flushing cisterns for
water closets, and state the advantages and disadvantages of each.
7. What do you understand by the term "disconnection" as
applied to house drains, rain-water pipes, soil pipes, and water pipes ?
Do you consider disconnection necessary ? Give your reasons.
8. What form of pubHc scavenging would you suggest for several
compact villages situate some miles apart in a rural district ? What
powers have the rural council to adopt such public scavenging ?
TTie Candidates were examined viva voce on the 16<A.
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121
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS.
Lbctukes to Sanitary Officers.
The Thirty-eighth Course of Lectures and Demonstrations to
Sanitary Officers will commence on Monday, September 12th.
The dates and subjects of the thirty- two Lectures and the
several outside Demonstrations as far as arranged are set out
in the Calendar in the following pages. The Lectures are
arranged to include the subjects scheduled for the Examination
for Inspector of Nuisances held by the Institute and the Sani-
tary Inspectors Examination Board (formed by The Sanitary
Institute and other bodies).
Practical Training for Meat Inspectors
for candidates preparing for the Examination for Inspectors of
Meat and Other Foods, conducted by The Sanitary Institute.
The Fourth Course will commence on Friday, Sept. 30th, at
6.30 p.m„ and will consist of systematic Practical Training in
the inspection of meat at a Cattle Market, including Demon-
stration on live cattle and sheep, slaughtering and dressing of
animals, names and situations of the organs, diseases of animals,
methods of stalling, arrangements of markets and byres, etc.
Demonstration will also be arranged at a knacker's yard,
where instruction regarding the flesh and organs of the horse
will be given.
The Course will continue for two months.
Demonstrations will be given at the Institute on Friday
evenings and at a Market on Saturday afternoons.
In addition to the practical training at a Market the Course
will include the Lectures on Meat and Food Inspection given
in the Parkes Museum.
A separate course is being arranged to occupy a shorter
period to meet the requirements of army officers and pro-
fessional students.
Applied Hygiene for School Teachers.
The Fourth Course, consisting of twenty-one Lectures, on
Saturday mornings throughout the three terms of the year
1904, held partly at Bedford College for Women and partly
at The Sanitary Institute, will be continued. The course in-
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
122 FOBTHOOMING HBETIKGS.
eludes practical demonstrations, and visits to schools and places
where the application of Hygiene in practice may be seen. The
various subjects — Sanitation of Schools, PhysioWy for Teachers,
Psychological Attitude of Mind towards the Study of Child-
hood, will be dealt with by well-known authorities, and will be
illustrated by experiments, diagrams, drawings, models, and
laatem slides. Opportunities will be given to students to
obtain practical acquaintance with the various subjects dealt
^dth in the Laboratories of Bedford College, and for practical
demonstration of Sanitary Appliances in the Parkes Museum.
The Course affords a preparation which The Sanitary Insti-
tute regards as suitable for the examination held by them for
their Certificate in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
The Course is open to women students over 19 years of age
who hold either a Teacher's Diploma or Certificate, or have had
at least two years' experience in teaching in a secondary school,
or who can produce satisfactory evidence that they will be able
to benefit by the instruction afforded them.
Members and Associates of the Institute are admitted at half
fees.
Examinations.
The following Examinations have been arranged : —
Inspectors of Nuisances under the Public Health Act^ 1875.
Nottingham, Oct. 21stand 22nd. Manchester, Nov. 18th & 19th.
Cape Town, October. London, Dec. 9th and 10th.
Newcastle, Nov. 4th and 5th. Sydney, N.S.W., Dec.
Practical Sanitary Science,
Nottingham, Oct. 21st & 22nd. London, Dec. 9th and 10th.
Newcastle, Nov. 4th and 5th. Sydney, N.S.W., Dec.
Manchester, Nov. 18th & 19th.
Inspectors of Meat and other Foods.
Liverpool, Oct. 14th and 15th. London, Dec. 16th and 17th.
Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
An examination will probably be arranged in London in October.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
EOBTHGOMING MBBTIl^aS. 128
Calendar, August to October, 1904.
As far as at present arranged.
Council Meetings are held Monthly on the Second "Wednesday in
each Month at 5 p.m.
Exhibition Committee . .) Monday in the week preceding the
Congress and Editing Committee ) Council, at 4.30 p.m. & 5.30 p.m.
Examination Committee . . \ Tuesday in the week preceding the
Museum and library Committee j Council, at 4 p m. and 5 p.m.
Special Purposes Committee .) Wednesday in the week preceding
finance Committee . . .] the Council, at 4 p.m. and 5 p.m.
Parliamentary Committee .
New Premises Committee .
Disinfectant Standardisation
Committee
The Parkes Museum is open free, on Mondays 10 a.m. to 8 p.m., other
days 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. The Library is closed at 1 p.m. on Saturday.
Council and Committee Meetings are suspended during August and Sept,,
and the Museum and Library are closed on public holidays.
■As occasion requires.
AUGUST.
3 M. Bank Holiday. Museum closed.
SEPTEMBER.
12 M. Lecture to Sanitary OfiScers at 7 p.m. Elementary Physics, by
E. J. SteegmaDD, m.b.. m.b.c.s., d.p.h.
14 W. liCCture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Physics, by
E. J. Steegmann, m.b., m.r.c.s., d.p.h.
16 P. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Chemistry, by
E. J. Steegmann, m.b., m.b.c.s., d.p.h.
17 8. Inspection and Demonstration at Wimbledon Sewage Works at
about 3 p.m., conducted by C. H. Cooper, m.inst.c.b., Engineer and
Surveyor.
19 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Chemistry
and Meteorology, by E. J. Steegmann, m.b.. m.r.c.s., d p.h.
21 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of St. Marylebone
at 2 p.m., conducted by T. A. Gomiot,
23 P. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Law, A: Intro-
ductory Remarks; Public Health Acts — English, Scotch, Irish;
other Statutes relating to Public Health; By-Laws (Model, &c.),
Regulations. Orders, Memoranda, &c., by J. Priestley, b.a., m.d.,
M.R.C.S., D.P.H. ~^\
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
124 FOBTHOOMINO MBBTIirGS.
24 S. Inspection and Demonstration at the Southwark and Vaoxhall
Water Works, Hampton, at about 2.30.
26 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Law, B: Public
Health (London) Act; Metropolis Local Management Acts; By-
Laws and Regulations in Force in the Administrative County of
London, by J. Priestley, b.a., m.d., m.b.c.s., d.p.h.
28 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitarjr Law, C : Factory
and Workshops Acts (including Bakehouse Legislation, 1878-1895),
as they affect the Sanitary Inspector ; Smoke Legislation; Food and
Drugs Act, 1899, by J. Priestley, b.a., m.d., m.r.c.s., d.p.h.
28 W. Inspection and Demonstration at Knight & Sons* Soap Works,
Sllvertown, at 3 p.m.
30 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
— Gteneral, A : Outdoor, by G. Newman, m.d., p.r.s.b., d.p.h.
30 F. Meat Inspectors' Course conmiences, 6.30 p.m.
OCTOBER.
1 S. Inspection and Demonstration at Ealing Sewage & Destructor Works
at 2.15 p.m., conducted by Charles Jones, m.inst.c.e.. Borough
Engineer and Surveyor.
3 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
—General, B : Indoor, by G. Newman, m.d., f.b.s.e., d.p.h.
4 T. Demonstration of Bookkeeping as carried out in a Sanitary In-
spector's office, at the Public Health Office, Town Hall, Islington,
at 7 p.m., by James R. Leggatt, Superintendent, Public Health
Department, ^Borough of Islington.
5 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers^at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
— C : Offensive Trade Nuisances, &c., by G. Newman, m.d., f.b.8.b.,
D.P.H.
5 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of Islington at 2 p.m.
(number limited), conducted by James R. Leggatt, Superintendent,
Public Health Department, Borough of Islington.
7 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Infectious Diseases, by Pro-
fessor H. R. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h.
8 S. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College, at 10 a.m., by Miss
H. Robertson, b.a., on Hygiene in Education.
8 S. Inspection at the Aylesbury Dairy Co.'s premises, at 2.30 p.m., at
St. Petersburgh Place, Bayswater, W.
8 S. Demonstration — Meat Inspectors' Course.
10 M. Lecture to Sanitaiy Officers at 7 p.m. Methods of Disinfection, by
Professor Henry ft. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h., p.c.b.
12 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Water: Composition, Pollu-
tion, and Purification, by Professor H. R. Kenwood, M.B., d.p.h.,
P.C.8.
12 W. Inspection and Demonstration at a house in Stoke Newington at
3 p.m, conducted by W. Matthews.
14 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Statistics, by
Professor Henry R. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h., p.c.s.
14 F. Demonstration — Meat Inspectors' Course.
16 S 1 Examination for Inspectors of Meat and other Foods, Liverpool.
15 S. Inspection and Demonstration at Lambeth Disinfecting Station at
2.30 p.m., conducted by J. Priestley, m.d., d.p.h.
15 S. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 10 a.m., by Miss
H. Robertson, b.a.
\
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
rOBTHCOMING laBBTINGS. 125
17 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Calculations, Measurements,
and Plans and Sections, by W. 0. Tyndale, m.inst.c.b.
19 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the Disti-ict of Islington at 2 p.m.
^umber limited), conducted by James R. Leggatt, Superintendent,
Public Health Department. Islmgton.
19 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Details of Plumbers' Work,
by J. Wright Clarke.
21 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Building Materials, by
A. Saxon Snell, f.b.i.b.a.
21 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science and for Inspectors of
22 S. J Nuisances, Nottingham.
22 S. Inspection and Demonstration at Charing Cross Hospital New Build-
ings at 2.15 p.m., conducted by Alfred Saxon Snell, p.r.i.b.a.
22 S. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College, at 10 a.m., by Miss
Robertson, bjl., on Hygiene in Education.
22 S. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course.
24 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Building Construc-
tion and Planning : Soil and Local Physical Conditions, by Alfred
Saxon Snell, f.b.i.b.a.
26 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Ventilation, Warming, and
Lighting, by AlfVed Saxon Snell, f.r.i.b.a.
28 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Appliances, by
W. C. Tyndale, m.inst.c.b.
28 F. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course.
29 S. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College, at 10 a. m., by Miss
Robertson, on Hygiene in Education.
29 S. Demonstration and Inspection of a house in Stoke Newington, con-
ducted by W. Matthews, Chief Sanitary Inspector.
29 S. Sessional Meeting, at 11 a.m., Southampton. Discussion on Isola-
tion Hospitals, opened by R E. Lauder, f.b.c.s., ii.B.c.p.EDiN., d.p.h.
31 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. House Dramage, by W. C.
Tyndale. m.in8t.c.b.
Examination in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers, London.
Examination for Inspectors of Nuisances, Cape Town, South Africa.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
126
FELLOWS, MEMBERS, AND ASSOCLiTES
Elijctej) AfBiii — Jinx, 1904.
(A complete lift 'can he had on application.)
^: ^r^l FELLOWS.
1633 2904. July. Adams, H. Percy, r.B.i.B.A., 28, Wohum Place,
W.C.
1598 i9Q4^ July. BiJfNiE, Sir Alexander, v.p.rcrsT.CB., 9, GrecU George
Street^ Westminster.
1023^90^ July. Chalmebs, Archibald Kew, m.d., d.p.h., Medical
Officer of Healthy Glasgow.
^"^^1904. July. Delepine, Prof. A. Sheridan, m.b., cm., b.sc,
1, Stanley Ghrove, Manchester.
^^"1904. July. DiBDiN, William Joseph, f.i.c, f.o.s., SutUm,
Surrey.
^^* 1904. May. Gboves, Joseph, b.a„ m.b., e.g.s., GarishrooTc, I. W.
^^^ 1904. July. Habpub, William, m.inst.c.e., Town Hall, Cardiff.
^^^^1904. July. LovEGBOVE, Edwin James, m.inst.c.e., Council
Offices, South wood Lane, Highgate, JS'.
^^^ 1904. July. Mathews, J. Douglass, r.B.i.B.A., f.s.i., 11, Dowgate
Hill, E.G.
1009 1904. July. Oliveb, Thomas, m.d., Ellison Place, Newcastle-on-
Tyne.
^^^1904. July. Pabsons, Henry Franklin, m.d., D.p.fi:., f,g,s..
Assistant Medical Officer, Local Government Board,
Whitehall, S.W.
i3i6]^904^ July. Shaw, William JNTapier, m.a., f.b.s., 10, Mm-eton
Gardens, S.W.
u->o 2^904. May. Tubb-Thomas, John, d.p.h.. County Offices, Trow-
bridge, Wilts.
^''^904. May. Webb, Aston, b.a., 19, Queen Anne's Gate, S.W.
MEMBEES.
* Passed Examination in Practical Suiitary Science.
X Passed Examination for Inspector of Nuisances.
8 Passed Examination in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
M Passed Examination for Inspectors of Meat and Other Foods.
^^^^^1904. June. *Abell, George, John, 8, RoUe Street, Exmouth,
Devon.
1807 1904. June. JAllak, Major Lewis Forsyth, Johannesburg, South
Africa.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
MEIIBEBS ELECTED. 127
Beg. Date of
No. Eleotion.
'"n904. July. *Babugh, Walter, 24, Bamsley Road, Womhwell,
Bamsley,
i8o«]^9Q4 June. Cambbon, Sir Charles Alexander, m.d., f.b.c.s.i.^
51, Pembroke Road, Dvhlin,
1790 i9Q4^ ^pj.^ Evans, Samuel, County Surveyor, County Buildings,
Mold.
1820 2904^ June. *riLLABT, Albert Anthony, 67, Second Avenue,
Manor Park, E,
"^^1904. Apr. JFoTHEBGiLL, James Edward, p.a.s.i., Toum Hall,
Brentwood, Essex,
1802 ;^9Q4^ ;^^y PowLEB, C. E. Percy, b.a.m.c, f.b.c.s., d.p.h.camb.
AmsU Prof, Hygiene, R,A,M, College, London,
^^"1904. Apr. Gettings, Charles Frederic, Resident Engineer,
UUoxeter Urban District Council,
1824 2904. July. Glen, Alexander, m.a., ll.b., k.c, New Court,
Temple, KC,
'^°' 1904. May. *Habman, Albert George, 97, Bedford Street, Lea-
mington Spa, Warwick,
1825 2904^ July. Habbison, Percival T., Borough Surveyor's Office^
Town Hall, Hove,
1826 i9Q4^ July. HiNCHSLiFF, E. K., Town Surveyor's Office, Barry,
Olam,
1810 1904. June. Hodgetts, Charles Alfred, m.d., l.b.cp., Secretary,
The Provincial Board of Health of Ontario, Canada,
^^®^ 1904. Apr. Holbubn, Alfred, m.b.c.t.s., Meat Inspector, City
Abattoir, Manchester,
W03 i9Q^^ May, Httlbebt, Henry Louis Powell, m.a., m.b., m.b.c.p.,
L.B.CP., D.P.H., Towcester, Northampton,
1800 2904, May. *Knight, John Samuel, 39a, West Street, Tavistock,
Devonshire,
1799 2904. Apr. ^Lawbence, James Linton, 7, Archibald Place, Edin-
burgh,
1821 2904. June. *Lawbancb, John, Junr., 112, Shirland Road, Pad-
dington, W,
^^^ 1904. July. Leaning, Aubrey Eupert Sidney, f.s.i., 22, Helia:
Road, Brixton, S, W,
1792 2904. Apr. LiNGwooD, George, assoc.m.inst.c.e., Government
Officer, Engineer and Manager, Waterworks De-
partment, Barbadoes, West Indies.
1809 2904. June. Macmobban, Alexander, m,a., k.c, 3, Temple Gar-
dens, Temple, E,C,
1796 2904. Apr. Malloch, William Parquhar, Toivn Engineer,
Uitenhage, Cape Colony,
1822 2904. June. *McPablaine, Eobert Melbourne, c/o Henry S,
King Sf Co,, 9, Pall Mall, S,W,
^®" 1904. June. McMullen, James Pinbarre, m.inst.ce.i., 30, South
Mall Cork,
1828 2904, July. Newman, Henry Arthur, assoc.m.inst.cb., p.a.s.i.^.
Municipal Offices, Church End^ Finchley, N.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
128 A8SOCIATB8 BLEGTBD.
B«ff. Date of
No. Election.
""1904. June. Nolan, Harold, mj)., ll.d. f.i.o., The Court of
Appeal, Cairo, Egypt,
"" 1904. July. *NoBTON, Cecil Herbert, 8, Bainlyow Hill Terrace,
Worcester.
""' 1904. June. *Passmobe, Walter A., 33, Millman Street, W.C.
"^*1904. June. Pibbcy, Matthew Algernon, County Engineer's
Office, OuildhaU, WestminsUr, 8.W.
"" 1904. June. Eofb, Henry, m.inst.c.i:., r.Q.s., 8, Victoria Street,
S.W.
"*^1904. Apr. Scott, Thomas Fergusson, Potchefstroom, Trans-
vaal, S, Africa,
"" 1904. June. ^ Simpson, Henry George, f.b.o.t.s., Gordon House,
Windsor, Berks,
1798 1904^ Apr^ Slatbb, Arthur James, p.a.s.i., Town Hall, Ipswich,
1800^904. Apr. ^Stewabt, Janet, m, Bwxleuch Street, Gamethill,
Ohisgow,
1829 29Q4^ July. Stbachan, George Bichardson, 7, Victoria Street,
Westminster, S,W,
"°*1904. May. Tatlob, G. Midgley, m.inst.cb., r.o.s., 27, Gh-eat
George Street, Westminster,
""1904. June. Thomas, E. Lewis, 4, Elm CouH, Temple, KG,
""1904. Jime. Tuckbb, William C., a.m.am.soc.g.b., 156, Fifth
Avenue, New York City, U,S,A,
"'" 1904. Apr. Wakefield, Eev. H. Eussell, Town Hall, Maryle-
hone, W,
1818 19Q4 j^g Walton, John Sewell, The Town Hall Chambers,
Torquay, Devon,
"'* 1904. July. Willktt, Alfred James, 18, Castledine Rood, Aner-
ley, Kent,
"'^1904. July. Wilson, James, m.b., o.h.b., d.p.h., Bedhurst,
Irvine, Ayr, N,B,
"'•^ 1904. Apr, Wbight, William, m.b., d.p.h.camb., 44, Brougham
Street, Greenock, N,B,
ASSOCIATES.
X Passed Examination for Inspectors of Nuisancei.
'^^'^ 1904. Apr. JAldbed, Frank, 65, Dona Street, Stockport.
3297 1904. July. JAbmitagb, Herbert James, 1, Sunset View, Ilkley,
Yorks,
3230 1904^ jy^ay. t Ashbbidgb, George, Frizington, Cumberland,
1904. Apr. JAsHBB, William, 60, Brunsujick Street, Edinburgh.
1904. June. JAtkinson, Fred., Toum Hall, Dudley,
1904. May. JBablow, Eeginald, 40, Wellington Boad, Princes
Park, Liverpool.
1904, June. JBabbt, Arthur Thomas, 18, Cluster Boad, High-
gate, N,
1904. July. JBaxtbb, Sidney, 27, Langworih Boad, Seedley,
Lanes.
3207
^2.50
3231
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
3233 ■
3300
3334
3301
ASSOCIATBS ELEOTED. 129
B«g. Date of
No. Eleotion.
^*^ 1904. Apr. JBegq, Junr., Samuel, 74, Easter Bead, Leiih.
''"1904. June. JBenkett, William Henry, The Hill, Galthwaite,
Carlisle,
^^^^ 1904. June. JBiLUNa, Jos. D., 9, Alvardey Place, BirJcmhead.
"** 1904. June. JBlakbb, H. M., N(yrth Street, Leatherhead, Surrey.
^""1904. June. JBookeb, Reginald Edgar, 6, Alexandra Terrace,
Bognor,
'''^^1904, May. tBaADBUBT, Thomas Edmund, Stoke Farm, Broms-
grove, Worcs,
^^' 1904. Apr. JBeiggs, John William, 20, Willow Street, Darwen.
^^'"^ 1904. July. JBbe^dlb, Thomas, 15, Queen's Road, ChorUy.
^^^^ 1904. June. JBeitton-Jokbs, William James, 2, Upland Terrace,
Torpoint B,S.O., Devon,
'"'" 1904. Apr. JBeostee, David, 30, Dacre Hill, Roch Ferry, Cheshire.
1904. May. JBull, Eichard Edward, Hill Crest, B<nimhrooh
Bead, SeUy ParJc, near Birmingham.
1904. June. tBuTLBE, Stanley George Montague, Inspector of
Nuisances, HooJc, Winchjield, Hants.
1904. July. tBuTLEE, Thomas, Municipal Offices, Bromley, Kent.
1904. May. tCAEFEAB, David, 15, Fort Place, Leiih, N.B.
1904. July. JCaemiohael, Mary Stewart, 4, Windsor Place,
Portobello, Edinburgh,
^^'*1904. June. JCatteeall, James Lamb., 270, Vauxhall Bridge
Boad, S.E.
3211 1904. Apr. tCHUETON, Mary Annette, 3, Endsleigh Gardens,
JV.W.
'''* 1904. June. JCole, A. C, 21, West Street, Dorking.
"""1904. June. JOoLEMAir, William John, Hillside, Clare Boad,
Kingsgrove, Maidenhead.
^^^^ 1904. June. tCoLLiNS, Harry, 5, Arkley Terrace, Winchmore HUl,
N.
'"* 1904. Apr. tCoLViLLE, John, Braehead, Beith, Ayr, N.B.
^^^^1904. Apr. tOosGEOVE, William, 11, Makin Street, Walton,
Liverpool.
'^*' 1904. July, tCuLLBN, John William, 9, Wellington Square, Cold
BaiJi Boad, Harrogate, Torks.
'"" 1904. Apr. JDalbt, Francis T., 28, Minford Gardens, West
Kensington, W,
1904. Apr. JDavldson, Alexander, 3, Ferrier Street, Leiih, N.B.
1904. May. JDavies, Henry Jenkins, Dyffrynhem, Samau, S.O, ;
Henllan B.S,0., Cardigan.
''"1904. June. JDavis, Ernest Herbert, 216, Station Place, lot
Bank Boad, Oldbury, Worcester.
''*'U904. July. JDatis, Richard James, 33, Wellington Square,
Chelsea, S.W.
3263 |QQ4.^ June. tDBLOEME, Louisi Henry Paul, Hadlow, Tonbridge,
Kent.
^^" 1904. June. JDenmaek, Herbert Samuel, 8, Crown Paint Villas,
Trowse, Norwich.
'"'• 1904. May. JDeapbb, Bertram E., Blandford, Dorset.
3215
3233
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
130 ASSOCIATES ELBCTXD.
Beg. Dftte of
No. Election.
'^" 1904. Apr. JDfke, Edgar William, 9, Lipgon Eoad, Plymouth.
""1904. June. tI>UNLOP, Andrew, 2, GTiester Villas, Wedbrock
Road, Farnborough ItJS.O., Kent
'^°*1904. •Tuly. JEdwaeds, Alfred Edward, 26, Paddington Street,
Baler Street, W.
3305JL904. July. JEdwabds, Gibson, 148, Stephenson Street, North
Shields,
""" 1904. May. JGillis, Alfred Royle, The Manse, Pensnitt, Staffs.
"''^1904. May. JGingeb, Frederick Walter, 41, ForUr Street,
Preston.
"*« 1904. June. JGlover, Frank Ludlow, 245, Lavender Hill, Clap-
ham,S.W.
""" 1904. May. tGooDTEE, Leonard Ernest, 24, Aked Street, Ard-
wick, Manchester,
3306 2^904 j^iy JGouLD, Henry Charles, Fore Street, Topsham, Devon-
shire.
3267 1904^ June. JGeimee, Thomas, Merle House, Priory Hill, Dover.
""**1904. June. JHall, Frederick William, Connaught Hospital,
Aldershoi.
"^^ 1904. Apr. JHamiltox, Alexander Sangster, The Burgh Engi-
neer's Office, Edinburgh.
"'' 1904. Apr. JHaedie, Andrew, Tinto Place, Musselburgh, N.B.
""1904. May. JHaegebaves, Homer Eichmond, c/o H. Proctor,
Woodlands, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
3260 1904. June. JHabeisok, Mabel, 117, Edridge Boad, Croydon.
"'" 1904. Apr. JHates, Charles William, 34, Kipling Street, Man-
chester.
3307 1904, July, JHeath, Joseph Templeton, Albert Boad N, Buck-
hurst Hill, Essex.
®^° 1904. June. JHeath, Walter, 2, Queen's Boad, Lower Edmonton,
N.
32711904, June. tHENDEESON, Andrew, Council Offices, Hayward^s
Heath, Sussex.
3272 1904. June. JHendeeson, Joseph, The Grange, Ponteland, Nor-
thumberland.
^^'^1904. June. JHeeeing, Eowland H., Bosebery Villa, Bosebery
Avenue, High Wycombe, Bucks.
^^" 1904. May. iHiifroN, Miss Beatrice Evelyn, 21, Claremont Boad,
Seaforth, Liverpool.
"^' 1904. June. JHouston, WilHam, 44, Yictoina Street, South Cir-
cular Boad, Dublin.
=^'°n904. July. iHowAED, Augustine D., 134, Dodworth Boad,
Bamsley, Yorks.
^''' 1904. July. JHoYLB, William Edmund, 373, Bacup Boad, Clough
fold. Lanes.
'^^*1904. June. JHughes, William, 99, Coleman Street, Chatham,
Kent.
'""''1904. Apr. JHuNTEE, H., 4, Beckford Boad, Morland Boad,
Croydon.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
AflflOOIilTBS IBCBOXSai* 131
B^g^ Dftte of
No. Etootlon.
'*'• 1904. June. 4:jA0KiCA.ir, Beginald Erasmus, 13, BrooJe Green,
WeU Street, Devon.
'^"1904. Maj, t Jenkins, Henry Llewellyn, 9, Greenfield 7erraee,
Penydarran, Meribyr TydvU, Qlam,
'*'*» 1904. July, t Jenkins, Eees Edward, 4, Saho Terraee, TreboeOi
Landore BJS,0., Glam.
3220 1004^ ^pp JJoNBS, Morgan Eeea, Ahergele, Denbigh.
'''U904. July. J Jordan, Edward Thomas Dixon, 20, Eoe Street,
WaUhainBtcw, Esgex.
^^"1904. July. tKiRTON, Hugh, Bace-^uru Cottages, near East
Boldon Station,
'^» 1904. May. Lake, S. L., 2, ColUtt Boad, Bermondseu, S.E.
'^'^904. July. JLewtas, Ered, 200, High Street, Pendleton, Man-
cheater.
*^**1904. July. JLiMONT, Sarah W., 6, Minto Street, Minhurgh.
^^"1904. July. JMackay, Alexander, T?ie Boyal Horse Artillery,
Aldershot,
^^^' 1904. June. J Mackenzie, Charlotte, 60, Hamilton Place, Aher*
deen, N,B,
^'^U904. Apr. +MACLEOD, Henry Miiller, 13, Moncrieff Terrace,
Edinburgh,
''*'1904. May. JMassby, William, 1, Orchard Boad, Kirhhy-ia-
Ashfield, Notts,
"'"' 1904. Apr. JMathbws, Ealph Edward, 33, Elspeth Boad, Bat-
tersea, S, W,
'^"1904. May. JMcDonald, Hay, Public Health Dept,, Council
House, Birmingham.
'"* 1904. May. J Mercer, James, 85, George Street, Stranraer, Wig-
totvn, N.B.
'^^^ 1904. Apr. tMiLNE, James, 7, Gecyrge St., Macduff, Banff, N.B.
^""^ 1904. June. JMonaghan, James, 98, Gloucester Boad, Newcastle-
on-Tyne,
'^^^ 1904. June. JNewland, Edward William, 4, Duke's Terrace, South
Camp, Aldershot.
^^^*1904. Apr. JNiCHOLSON, Thomas, 18, Argyle Terrace, Argyle
Street, Kingston-upon-Hull.
"^^1904. Apr. JOdell, Arthur, 15, BalUngdon Boad, Clapham
Common,
'^'^904. June. jOrFORD, Edward Pegden, Lt.-Qmr., B.A.M.C.,
Station Hospital, Gosport.
^'^^^ 1904. June. JOwen, William, Bacha, Llandigfan, near Menai
Bridge, Anglesey.
"^^1904. June. tPARLBTT, Augustus Stafford, 61, Julian Avenue,
South Shields.
3283 J 9Q4^ June. JPlant, John George, Fennel Cottage, Bartlett Boad,
Gravesend.
'***1904. June. tPROSSER, Albert Willie Gregory, 90, Kimholton
Boad, Bedford.
3226 1904. Apr. JEiTCiTiE, John, 19, Learmonth Place, Edinburgh.
yOL. XXV. PART II. K
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
3283
3289
X32 «1SSOOIA.TE9 ELBCTJ&D.
Beg. Date of «
No. Election.
®'" 1904. July. , JEoBSON, Francis Henry, 123, Quay Road, Briilinr/-
ton, Tories.
3318 2901^ July; JEoBBBTS, Charles Lloyd, 10, Meirion Gardens,
Golwyn Bay,
3285 1904. June. JSimpsoit, Alexander James, 36, Lan^ham Road,
We^t Green, Tottenham, N.
'*^^ 1904. June. JSpba^bs, Ernest Godwin, Oxford House, 239, Sea-
side, Eastbourne,
^^"1904. July. tSPENOEB, Samuel, Chief Sanitary Inspector, New-
castle-under-Lyme.
3227 i9Q4^ ^pp^ tSTiBLiNO, James, 88, Rosehanh Street, Dundee,
N.B.
33i8-|L904. July. JStonbhousb, John, The Green, Easinyton, Castle
Eden, Durham,
3237 1904. June. JStbidb, George Victor, 4, Radnor Street, Southsea,
Portsmouth,
^"®1904. May. JSwallow, Miss Lottie, 4, West View, Washwood
Heath Road, Birmingham,
1904. June. JTatlob, William, Station Street, Swaffam, Norfolk'.
1904. June. JTbssieb, Henry, 202, Northcote Road, Waltham-
stow, K
3290 1804. June. JVickbbs, Frederic, 7, South-gate, Echington, near
Sheffield,
''^*^1904. June. JWainwbight, Walter Hepburn, 8, Marhham
Square, S,W,
^"^1904. May. JWalkeb, Francis James Beecher, Pease flous3
Farm, KirJchamgate, Wahejleld,
""^^904. June. JWabd, Frederick William, 2, Hillside Villas,
Queens Road, BucJchursi Hill, Essex,
3228 1904. Apr. JWaebingto^, John James, 1, Ashville, Beacon
Road, Wihsey, Bradford,
3295^904^ June, JWhitakbb, Walter Herbert, Midsomer Norton,
Somerset,
^*^* 1904. July. JWhitehbad, James, 38, Rawmarsh Hill, ParJcgate,
Rotherham,
3293^904^ June. tWHiTBHOUSB, Thomas, Beach Inspector, K,B, Muni-
cipality, Muizenburg, Cape Colony,
'"*1904. May. J Williamson, Miss Edith S. E., Clovelly, Wilmslow,
Cheshire,
^"°1904. July. tWiLSON, Joseph, 11, Rosslyn Road, Hathersagr,
SheffieU,
^'"1904. June. JWitts, John, 23, St, Stephen's Road, Westbourne
Park, W.
^'"1904. July. iWooDHALL, James William, Junr., 2, Chandos
Villas, Boundary Road, Ramsgate,
I
Digitized by LjOOQIC
^ J
133
CONTRIBUTIONS AND ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY.
DuBiNG April-June, 1904.
*^* For publications of Societies and Institutions^ Sfc,^ see under
" Academies.^*
ACADEMIES (Bbitish).
London. The Itistitution of Giml Engineers. Minutes of Pro-
ceedings, with other selected and abstracted papers. Vol. CLV.,
1903-4, Part I. 552 pp. (plates), 8vo. Loodon, 1904.
The Institution.
London. TTie Society of Engineers, Transactions for the Tear
1903, and General Index, 1857 to 1903. 274 pp., 8vo. London.
1904. The Society,
ACADEMIES (Amebioan).
Philadelphia. Transactions of the College of Physicians. Third
Series, Vol. XXV. 186 pp., 8vo. Philadelphia, 1903.
The College.
TTie American Climatological Association. Transactions for
the year 1903. Vol. XIX. 267 pp., 8vo. Philadelphia, 1903.
The Association.
Abbott, S. ir.. Dr. The Decrease of Consumption in New England.
22 pp., 8vo. The Author.
Armstrong, H. E., D.Hy., M.O.H. Report on Small-pox in relation
to Vagrancy in England and Wales during the year 1903. 63 pp.,
fcp. Newcastle-on-Tjrne, 1904. The Author,
Beadle, Claytm, F.R.Met.Soc., F.C.S. Chapters on Papermaking,
Vol. 1. Comprising a series of Lectures delivered on behalf of
the Battersea Polytechnic Institute in 1902. 145 pp., 8vo. Lon-
don, 1904. The Publisher (M. H. Orattan).
JBerlin. Sonderabdruck aus Arbeiten aus dem Eaiserlichen G-esund-
heitsamte. Bd. XX., Heft 1, 1903.
Ueber die Hamoglobinurie der Rinder in Deutschland. Von
Prof. D. H. Kossel, Prof. Dr. Schutz, Dr. A. Weber, and Dr.
Miessner. 77 pp., 4to.
Uber die Schweflige Saure im Wein 1 and 2. Abhandlung.
Allgemeines iiber schweflige Saure im Wein. Von Dr. W. Kerp.
38 pp., 4to.
Zur Kenntnis der gebundenen schwefligen Sauren. Von Dr.
W. Kerp. 45 pp., 4to.
Ueber das Vorkommen der Schwefligen Saure in Dorrobst und
und einigen anderen Lebensmitteln. Von Dr. H. Schmidt.
60 pp., 4to.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
134 CK)NTBIBUTIONS TO LIBBABY.
Beitrage zur Kenntois der Ausscheidung von neutralem schM^e-
fligsaurem Natrium und aldehydschwefligsaurem Natrium beim
Hunde. Von Dr. Q. Sonntag. 18 pp., 4to.
Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Wirkung des neutralen schweflig-
sauren Natriums,, des aldehyd— rund des acetouschwefligsauren
Natrium sowie einiger anderer Stoffe auf Kaulqnappen. Yon Dr.
Fr. Franz. 6 pp., 4to.
Vergleichende IJntersuchung der pharmakologischen Wirkungen
der organisch gebundenen schwefligen Sauren und des neutralen
schwefligsauren Natrium. Von Dr. E. Eost and Dr. Fr. Franz.
62 pp., 4to.
Zur Kenntnis der gebundenen schwefligen Sauren (Nachtrag).
Von Dr. W. Kerp. 5 pp., 4to.
Berne. Statistique de la Suisse. Besultats du Eecensement Federal
du Betail du 19 Avril, 1901. Tome I. 196 pp., 4to. Berne,
1903.
^ ' — Bapport du Bureau Federal des xlssurances snr les Enter-
prises Privees en Mati^re d'Assurances en Suisse en 1902, 136 pp.,
4to. Berne, 1904. Bureau de Statistique^
Board of Agriculture. Handbook of the Laws and Eegulations
relating to the Diseases of Animals, Transit of Animals, Importa-
tion of Animals, and the Weighing of Cattle at Markets, &c.
376 pp., 8vo. London, 1899. Purchased.
Board of Agriculture and Fisheries. Annual Eeports of Proceed-
ings under the Diseases of Animals Acts, the Markets and Fairs
(Weighing of Cattle) Acts, etc., for the year 1903. 94 pp., 8vo.
London, 1904. The Board.
Carver, J. JK., M.D., D,P,H, Industrial Efflurium Nuisances. The
Characters of the Yeasts occuring in Tanning Materials and in
Tannery Liquors and Effluents. Lecture delivered at the Victoria.
University Public Health Laboratory. 11 pp., 4to. Manchester,
1904. Prof. A. S. Belepine, M.B,, CM., B.Sc.
Clarke, J, Wright. A Pocket-book of Tables and Memoranda for
Plumbers, Builders, Sanitary Engineers, &c. 293 pp., London,
190:i. B. T, Batsfard (publisher.}
Copeman, S. Monckton^ M.A,, M.B., F.R.S. Prevention and Control
of Infectious Diseases. Vaccination : its Pathology and Practice.
Lecture delivered at the Victoria University Public Health La-
boratory. 21 pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904.
Prof, A. S. Belepine, M,B., CM., BJSc.
Del6pine, Prof. Sheridan, MB., B.Sc. Eeport upon an alleged
Effluvium Nuisance attributed to the use of Yeast in a Tannery,
and upon an Outbreak of Diphtheria. Lecture delivered at the
Victoria University, Public Health Laboratory. 32 pp., 4to.
, Manchester, 1904. The AutTior.
Dibdin, W. J"., F.LC., F.C.S. Recent Improvements in Method*
for the Bacterial Treatment of Sewage. 32 pp., 8vo. London,
1904. . The Sanitary Publishing Co., Ltd.
Gteological Survey, Ireland. The (leoJogy of the Country around
Belfast. 166 pp., 8vo. Dublin, 1904. The Geological Survey..
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
OONTBIBUnOirS TO LIBBABT. 135
Creorgetown. Town Superintendent's Annual Report, 1903. 21 pp.,
fcp. Georgetown, 19o3. Imhe M. Hill, M.InH.O,E.
Georgetown. Proposed Crematorium. 6 pp., fcp. Georgetown,
1904. Luke M. Field, MJnst.C.E.
Crerard, J. O Jensen, C.E, Modem House Drainage, Plans apad
Diagrams. 8vo. London, 1904.
Hayward, T. E., M.B,, F.R.CS. On the Construction of life
Tables, and on their Application to a Comparison of the Mortality
from Phthisis in England and Wales, during the decennia 1881-
'90 and 1891-1900. Lecture delivered at Victoria University
Public Health Laboratory. 42 pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904.
Prof. A. S. Ddepine, M.B., CM., B.8e.
Huddersfield. Beport of the Medical Officer of Health on Infantile
Mortality, 1903. 104 pp., 8vo. Hudders6eld, 1904.
S. O. Moore, M.B., D,P.E.
Jez-Blake, Sophia, M.D. The Care of Infants. A Manual for
Mothers and Nurses. (Second Edition.) 109 pp., 8vo. London,
1903. The Fuhtiehers (SimpJcin, MarshaU Sf Co.)
Jones, W., M.I.Mech.E, Heating by Hot Water, Ventilation, and
Hot-Water Supply. (Third Edition.) 344 pp., 8vo. London,
1904. The Author.
Kaye, James E., M.B,, D.P.H., KC.S. The Physical Education of
Girls. 11 pp., 8vo. (Reprint from Parents' Review,) Ipswich,
1904. The Author.
Kingzett, C. T., F.I.C, and Homfitty, D., B.Sc. A Pocket Dic-
tionary of Hygiene. (Second Edition.) 112 pp. London, 1904.
The Publishers {Messrs. Bailliere, Tindall Sf Co.)
Knight, W. H., M,SJ. Eesum^, Historical and Practical, with
notes and comments on the subject of Sewage Disposal. 38 pp.,
8vo. London, 1904. The Sanitary Puhlishing Co., Ltd.
Latham, Baldwin, M.Inst.G.E., FJS.S. Croydon Bourne Flows.
44 pp., 8vo. London, 1904. The Author.
Leipzig. Vierunddreissigster Jahresbericht des Konigl. Landes-
Medizinal-KoUegiums uber das Medizinalwesen im Konigreiche
Sachsen auf das Jahr 1902. Vol. XXXIV. 323 pp., 8vo.
Leipzig, 1903. Dr. Busdiheck.
Local Government Board. Dr. B. Bruce Low's Beport on the
arrangements made in Germany for the Isolation of Small-pox
Cases. 15 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
Dr. E. W. Johnstone's Report on the Sanitary Circumstances
and Administration of the Parish of West Wickham, in the
Bromley Eural District. 8 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
Dr. S. Monckton Copeman's Beport on the Outbreak of
Epidemic Skin Disease at the Central London Sick Asylum,
Hendon. 17 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
Dr. F. St. George Mivart's Beport on the General Sanitary
Circumstances and Administration of the Bomford Bural District,
and on Prevalence of Diphtheria in certain localities therein. 21
pp., fcp. London, 1904..
W. H. Power, C.B., F.EJS.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
136 OONTEIBUnOlfS TO LIBEABT.
londQiL Army Medical Department. Eeport for the year 1902.
• VoLXLIV. 419 pp., 8vo.. London, 1904.
The Director-General.
* Local Government Board. Dr. S. Monckton Copeman's
Eeport on the General Sanitary Circumstances and Administration
of the Whittlesey Urban and Rural Districts. 20 pp., fcp.
London, 1904. W, H. Poiver, C.B., F.B.S.
Middlesex Hospital, Eeports of the Medical, Surgical, Ob-
stetric, and Pathological Registrars for the year 1902. 182 pp.,
8yo. London, 1904. The Hospital,
London. Arsenic Reduction : Report to the Secretary of the State
for the Home Department on certain cases of alleged Poisoning in
Arsenic Reduction Works, by E. Gould and J. S. Martin, H.M.
Insp. of Mines. 40 pp., fcp. London, 1901.
W. WhitaJcer, B,A.. F.B.S.
Homes of Inebriates Association. Report of, together with
the Twentieth Annual Report of the Dalrymple House at Rick-
mansworth, 1903-1904. 20 pp., 8vo. London, 1903.
The Association.
London Oounty Council. Report by the Medical Officer of Health,
presenting Report by Dr. Hamer on Prevalences of Enteric Fever
in London at the close of 1903. 12 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
The County Council.
Sanitary Officers. Report by the Medical Officer on the
Sanitary staffs of the Metropolitan Boroughs. 11 pp., fcp.
London, 1904. F. Shirley Murphy, M.B C.S., M.O.H.
The Experimental Bacterial Treatment of London Sewage,
being an account of the experiments carried out by the London
County Council between the years 1892-1896. 242 pp., 8vo.
London, 1904. The Cleric of the Council.
Marsh, Hedley J., M.B. CJS., L.B.C.P.L<md. A Few Facts and Figures
concerning Vaccination and the Fallacies of Anti-Vaccination.
bQ pp., 8vo. Macclesfield, 1903. The Author.
MEDICAL OFFICERS OF HEALTH AND OTHER
SANITARY REPORTS.
Aberdeen, Feb.-March, 1904. Matthew Hay, M.D.
Aberdeen, April & May, 1904. Mat^mu Hay, M.D., M.O.H
Aberdeen (San. Insp.). 1903. . Kenneth Cameron.
Ashwell, 1903
Bath, 1903
Bermondsey, 1903
Bexhill, 1903
Birkenhead, 1903
Bushell Anningson, M.A., M.D.
W. H. Symons, M.D., M.B.C.S.
B. K. Brown, M.D., D.P.H.
0. Osborne, M.O.H.
B. Sydney Marsden, D.Sc., M.B.,
FM.S., b.RH.
Birmingham (Public Analyst),
1903 J. F. Liverseege, F.I.C., Ph.C.
Blackburn, 1903 . . ..A. Greenwood, M.D., D.P.H.
Blackpool, 1903 . . ..F.J.H. Coutts, M.D., D.P.H.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
COlTTBIfiUTIOliS TO UBBABT.
187
Bournemouth, 1903 . .
Bridlington, 1&03 '
Brighton, 1903
Cambridge, 1903
Cardirf, 1903 . .
Carnarvonshire, 1903
Chesterton R.D.C., 1903
U.D.C., 1903 . .
Coventry, 1903
Crewe, 1904
Darwen, 1903
Dunbarton, 1903 (San. Insp.)
East Ham, 1903
liccles, 1903
Eccles, 1903
Ely, 1903
Exeter, 1903
Gibraltar, 1903
Greenwich, 1903
Huddersfield, for 1st Quarter
of 1904 .. ..
Hull & Goole, 1903 . .
Keighley, 1903
Kimberley (San. Insp.), 1903.
King's Norton and NortMeld,
li^03
Lanark, 1903
London, City of, 1903
Port of, 1903
London (City of), five weeks
ending 16th April, 1904 . .
London (City of). Five weeks
ending 21st May, 1904 ; and
four weeks ending 18th June,
1904
Macclesfield, 1903 . .
Manchester (Port of), 1903. .
Melboum, 1903
Merthyr Tydfil, 1903
Northampton, 1903
Paddington, 1903 ..
Paignton, 1903
Penge (San. Insp.), 1903 . .
Royston, 1903
Saint Ives, 1903
St. Ives, 1903
Scarborough, 1903 . .
Sheflaeld, 1902
Southend-on-Sea, 1903
P. W. G. Nunn, M,O.E. .
W. A. Wetman, M,R.G.S., M,O.H.
A. Newsholme, M.D,, F.R.C.P,
Busliell Anningsorhf M.A,, M,D.
E. Walford, M.D., D.P.H.
P. Fraser, M.D,, B,Se. ^
Bushell Anningson, M.A,, M,D,
E. H. "knell, M.D., B,Se.L<md.
A, J. Laird, M,D., D,P.H.
F. G. Baworth, D.P.H., LM.CS.
David Dunbar, A.S.I.
A. W. Beaumont, B.A., M.D.
W. M. HamilUm, M.D., D.P.H.
W. M. Hamilton, M.D., D.P.H.
Bushell Anningson, M.A., M.D.
E. A. Brash, L.E.C.P.Lond.
Maj. W.H.Horrocks,M.B.,B.Sc.Lond.,
D.P.H.
E. George Annis, M.R.C.S., D.P.H.
S. G. Moore, M.B., D.P.H.
J. Wright Mason, M.B., D.P.H.
Wm. Scatterty, M.A., M.D.
James S. Dunn, Boro' San. Insp.
E. Green, M.D., D.H/., D.P.H.
J. T. WiUon, M.D., D.P.H.
W. Collingridge, M.D., D.P.H.
H. Williams, M.D., D.P.H.
W. Collingridge, M.A., M.D.
W. Collingridge, M.A., M.D., D.P,H.
J. HedUy Marsh, M.lt.CS., LR.C.l\
A. M. N. Pringle, M.O.H.
Bushell Anningson, M.A., M.D.
D. J. Thomas, M.O.H.
J. Beatty, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.
R. Dvdfield, M.A., M.B., D.P.H.
C. W. Vickers, D.P.H., M.O.H.
A. J. Willett, San. Insp.
Bushell Anningson, M.A., M.D.
J. M. NicholU,\R.C.P., M.O.H.
F. Dittmar, M.D., D.P.H.
H. Scurfeld, M.D., D.PH., M.O.H.
J. T. C. Nash, M.D., D.P.H.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
1!K CONTBIBUTION8 TO LIBBABT.
Sonfhport, 1903
Stovffhridge, 1903
Surbiton, 1903
SwavesejT, 1903
Swindon, 1903
J. J. Weaver, M.R.CJS., L.S.A.
H. WQherforce Freer, M.KO.S.
0. Coleman, M,D., B.P.H.
Btishell Anningson, M.A., M.D^
R E. Sireetm,^ I>.P.H„ M.O,H.
Tunbridge WeUs, 1903 . . TT. Stamford, L.R.C.P., M.O.E.
West Bromwich, 1903 . . H. ManUy, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.
Willesden, 1903 . . . . TT. Butler, M.B., CM., D,P.H.
Woolwich, 1903 . . , , S. Davies, M.D:, M.O.H.
Worthing (San. Insp.), 1903. Ghas. T. Gardiner.
Middleton, R. K, MJnst.G.E., F,8J. Water Supply: A Student's
Handbook on the conditions governing the selection of sources
and the distribution of water. 168 pp., 8vo. London, 1903.
The Puhlishet^e (Gha^, Griffin ^ Go,)
Model Answers. To the questions set by The Sanitary Institute.
159 pp., 8vo. London, 1904. The Sanitary Publishing Go., Ltd.
Kewsholme, A, M.D., RB.G,P. Spread of Infectious Diseases.
The B6Ie of ** Missed" Cases in the Spread of Infectious Diseases.
Lecture delivered at the Victoria University, Public Health La-
boratory. 22 pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904.
Prof. A. S, Delepine, M,B,, GM., B.Sc.
ITew South Wales. Eeport on Leprosy for the year 1902. 5 pp.,
fcp.^ Sydney, 1904. J, Ashhurion Thompson, M,D„ D.PM.
Ontario. Proceedings of the Association of Architects for the year
1903. 118 pp., 8vo. Toronto, 1904. The Association.
Ottawa. Inland Revenue Department. Bulletin No. 90, Honey ;
No. 91, White Lead in Oil; No. 92, Distilled Liquors; No. 93,
Milk ; No. 94, Cider ; No. 95, Ground Spices. 8vo. Ottawa, 1903.
Thos. Macfarlane, Pub. Analyst,
Paris. Departement de la Seine. Notes h, Tappui du compte des
Depenses de TExercice, 1 903 : Service des Eaux et de I'Assainisse-
ment. 132 pp., 4to. Paris, 1904. Prof. Geo. Beehmann.
Hygiene Exp^rimentale. LHabitation : Procedes de Re-
cherche et de Controle. Fascicule deuxi^me: Les Materiaux
de Construction. 332 pp., 8vo. Paris, 1904.
The Publishers (T. B. Bailliere et Mis).
Prescott, S. G., and Winslow-Amory, G. E. Elements of Water
Bacteriologv, with special reference to Sanitary Water Analysis.
162 pp., 8vo. New York, 1904.
The Publishers (John Wiley Sf Son.)
Bobertson, John, M.D., B So. Air, Atmospheric Carbonic Acid: its
Estimation and Variation. Lecture delivered at the Yictoria
University Public Health Laboratory. 12 pp., 4to. Manchester,
1904. Prof. A. S. Delepine, M.D, B.Sc.
Bowe, Stuart H,, Ph.D. The Lighting of School-rooms: A
Manual for School Boards, Architects, Superintendents, and
Teachers. 94 pp., 8vo. London, 1904.
The Publishers (Messrs. Longmans, Green 4' Go.)
Digitized by LjOOQ IC
COITTBIBITTIOKS TO LIBBABY. 139
Boyal Comxniission on Arsenical Foisomng. First Beport, Part I.
10 pp., fcp. London, 1901.
Minutes of Evidence received, and Appendices. Vols. I.
and II. Evidence received in 1901-2-3, together with Appendices
1 to 32, and Index. 758 pp., fcp. London, 1903. O, S. Buchanan,
'BojbI Crommission on Sewage jDisposaL Eourth Beport of the
. Commissioners on Pollution of Tidal Waters, with special reference
to contamination of Shell-fish. Vol. I. 44 pp., fcp. London,
1903. Purchased.
Boyal Ccnunission on Tuberculosis (Human and Bovine) appointed
to inquire into the relations of Human and Animal Tuberculosis.
The Interim Beport. 7 pp., fcp. London, 1904. Purchased^
St. Thomas's Hospital. Beports for 1903. New Series, edited by
H. P: Hawkins and W. H. Battle. 45 pp., 8vo. London, 1904.
The Hospital
Smith, Major F., D,S,0,, R,A,M.C. Drainage, Sewerage, and Con-
servancy in Tropical Countries and Elsewhere. 92 pp., 8vo.
London, 1904. Messrs. J, Bale, Sons, ^ Danielsson, Ltd.
Southport. Meteorological Department. The Pernley Observatory :
Beport and Besults of Observations for the year 1903, by James
Baxendall, E.B.Met.Soc. 30 pp., 8vo. Southport, 1904.
The Author.
Spinks, II., M.Inst.C.E,, F.S.L The Law and Practice relating to
Private Street Works. Fourth Edition. 256 pp., Svo. London,
1904. The Author.
Stephens, J. E. R. Digest of Public Health Cases 626 pp„ Svo.
London, 1902. Purchased.
Sternberg, Geo. M., M.D., LL.D. Infection and Immunity, with
special reference to the Prevention of Infectious Diseases. 293 pp.,
Svo. London, 1903. The Publisher (John Murray).
Stockman, F. C, A.8.I. A Practical Guide for Sanitary Inspectors.
Second Edition. With an Introduction by Prof. H. B. Kenwood,
M.B., L.B.C.P., D.P.H. 2S6 pp., Svo. London, 1904.
The Publishers (Butlerworth ^ Co.)
Thresh, John C, D.Sc., M.D., D.P.II. The Examination of Waters
and Water Supplies. 460 pp., Svo. London, 1904.
The Publishers (J. Sf A. Churchill).
Water in Belation to Disease. Water Filtration in connec-
tion with Water Supplies. Lecture dehvered at Victoria Univer-
sity Public Health Laboratory. 2S pp., 4to. Manchester, 1904.
Prof. A. 8. DeUpine, M.B., CM., B.Sc.
Tokyo. The Imperial Fisheries Bureau, Journal of. Vol. XII.,
No. III. Vol. XIIL, Nos. I. & II. Svo. Tokyo, 1903-^04.
The Bureau.
Washington. The Marine-Hospital Service of the United States.
Annual Beports of the Supervising Surgeon-Q-eneral for the years
1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903. 2,446 pp., Svo. Washington, 1900.
The Marine-Hospital Service of the United States. Public
Health Beports. Vol. XIX. Nos. 24 & 26. 121 pp., Svo.
Washington, 1904. The Hospital Service.
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140 OONTEIBUTIONS TO LIBEA.RY.
Willoaghby, E. F., M.B., D.PM. Milk, its Production and Uses.
With Chapters on Dairy Farming, the Diseases of Cattle, and the
Hygiene and Control of Supplies. 259 pp., 8to. London, 190S»
The Publishers (Chas. Oriffin Sf Co.)
Woodbridge, S. H. Air, and its Eelation to Vital Energy. Con-
necticut School Document, No. 5, 1904. 35 pp., 8vo. Connecti-
cut, 1904. The Author.
In addition to the books presented to the library, the following
works connect^ed with Sanitary Science have been published during
the quarter : —
Adams, M. B, Modern Cottage Architecture. London: B. T.
Batsford.
Bowe, R. H., Ph.D. The Lighting of School-rooms : A Manual for
School Boards. London : Longmans, Qreen & Co.
Bridge, Norman, A.M., M.D. Tuberculosis. London : W. B.
Saunders & Co.
Buchanan, B. J. if., M.D., M.R.C.P., and Hope, E. W,, M.D,,
D.Sc, Husbands Forensic Medicine, Toxicology, and Public
Health. Seventh Edition, Edinburgh : E. & J. Livingstone.
Caldwell, Major K, F.R.C.S., D.P.H., RA..M.C. The Prevention
of Disease in Armies in the Field. London: Bailli^re, Tindall
&Cox.
Christophers, Lieut. S. B., M.B.,Vi4yt., I.M.S, Scientific Memoirs
by Officers of the Medical and Sanitary Departments of ttie
Government of India. Second Eeport of the Anti-malarial opera-
tions at Mian Mir, 1901-1903. Office of Superintendent of
G-overnment Printing.
Clarke, Bruce TT., M.A., M.B. The Meaning of a Modem Hospital.
London : Longmans, Green & Co.
Conder, J. B. R. A Hand-book of Sewer and Drain Cases, Noted
in The Surveyor and Municipal and County Engineer. London :
The St. Bride's Press.
Dibdin, W. J., F.l.C, F.C.S. Eecent Improvements in Methods
for the Bacteria Treatment of Sewage. London: The Sanitary
Publishing Co., Ltd.
Fischer, Louis, M.D. Infant Feeding. Third Edition, Philadelphia:
F. A. Davis & Co.
Freeman, A. C. The Planning of Poor Law Buildings and Mor-
tuaries. London : The St. Bride's Press.
Goodrich, W. F. Refuse Disposal and Power Production. London:
A. Constable & Co.
Hall, TT., M.D. The Purin Bodies of Food Stuffs and the role of
Uric Acids in Health and Disease. Manchester: Sherratt & Hughes.
Hutchison, R., M.D., F.R.C.P. Patent Foods and Patent Medicines.
London : John Bale, Sons, and Danielsson, Ltd.
Kelynack, T. N., M.D., M.R.C.P. The Sanatorium Treatment of
Consumption. London : The Scientific Press Ltd.
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OFFICIAL CIBCULABS AXD OBDEBS. 141
La Maladie du Sommeil: Bapport par la Mission envoyee en
Afrique Occidentale Portugaise. (Eeport of the Commission on
Sleeping Sickness in Portuguese West Africa.) Lisbon : Imprimerie
de Libanio da Silva.
Mackenzie, W. M. A., and Handford, P. Model By-Laws as to
Nuisances and New Streets and Buildings. London : Butterworth
&Co.
MacEenzie, W. Z., M.A., M.D. The Medical Inspection of School
Children. Glasgow : W. Hodge & Co.
McFarland, J., M,D. A Text-book upon the Pathogenic Bacteria
for Students of Medicine and Physicians. London : W. B.
Saunders & Co.
Monckton, Capeman S„ M.A.y M.D. Prevention and Control of
Infectious Diseases. Manchester : Sherratt & Hughes.
Myddleton, Shallcross T. The House Healthful yet Economical.
London : The St. Bride's Press.
Prescott, S. (7., and Winslow, C. E, A, Elements of Water
Bacteriology, with special reference to Sanitary Water Analysis.
London : Chapman & Hall.
Pritchard, G. E. (7., M.D., M.B.C.P. The Physiological Feeding
of Infants. London : Kimpton.
Boscoe, E, S., Barrister-at'Law, A Digest of Law Eelating to the
Easement of Light. Fourth Edition, London: Stevens & Sons
and Beeves & Turner.
Stoddart, Wallis F. On the best Method of Sewage Disposal for
Small Communities. Bristol : J. Wright & Co.
Vasey, S. A,, F.LC., F.O,S. Guide to the Analysis of Potable
Spirits. London : Bailliere, Tindall & Cox.
Vincent, R. H,^ M.D, The Nutrition of Infants. London:
Bailliere, Tindall & Cox.
Watt-Smyth, A. Physical Deterioration: its Causes and the Cure.
London : John Murray.
OFFICIAL CIRCULARS AND ORDERS.
ISSUED JANUARY TO JULY, 1904.
Eoyal Commission on Arsenical Poisoning: Minutes of Evidence
and Appendices. Being Part II. of 1st Report.
Model By-Laws : New Streets and Buildings ; Offensive Trades.
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142 EXHIBITS ADDED TO THE MUSEUM.
EXHIBITS ADDED TO THE MUSEUM.
Apbil to July, 1904.
Tropican Grate. Messrs. Chavasse 4r ^^'r.
Two Squares Maximum Light Glass.
Tlie British Prismatic Light, Ltd.
Zinc Vent Pipe, rendered defective bj Trunk of Vine.
Flan and Section of Crematorium at Golders Green, Middlesex.
Hydraulic Bam, fixed in working order. The BerJcefeld Filter Co.
Air-tight Tins and Bottles for Preserved Foods.
The Solderless Tinning Synd.
Lumley's Disinfector Spraying Machine.
Minimax Fire Extinguisher. Minimcuc Syndicate^ Ltd.
Model of Dust-bin. Paul Getting.
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bYGIEinB IN SCHOOLS. 143
HYGIENE IN SCHOOLS.
The following letter was sent to the Times by the President
of the Institute calling g-ttention to the Circular which the
Institute had sent to the Educational Authorities in England
and Wales: —
■ TO THE EDITOR OP THE TIME^
Sir.— The influential deputation fiom the medical profession to the Board
of Education urging the need for the teaching of hygiene in schools, an
account of which appeared in your columns last week, raises a matter of vital
importance to the h^thy development of the population. It is one that The
Sanitary Institute, of which I am the president, has taken an active part in
promoting; and I enclose a copy of a letter which is now being sent hy the
Council to the educational authorities throughout England.
The Institute, the Special Committee of the British Association, and other
bodies interested in education and hygiene have persistently urged on the
Education Department and the school world the importance of hygiene as a
basis for effective education, and the need for the practical training of
teachers in the subject before any real progress can be made ; they therefore-
welcome as a most helpful and satisfactory measure the recently-issued
regulations of the Board of Education for the training of teachers.
The comprehensive recommendations contained in these regulations, and*
the wise suggestions with regard to the training and routine of life in
colleges, the proposals with regard to dietaries, and other matters of health,
if adopted in the training colleges, would pass the trained teachers on to
their work in life imbued with the habits and traditions of healthy living ;.
these would then be instinctively followed in their school work.
The Sanitary Institute hope that your powerful help may be giv^ in.
urging the adoption of these wise regulations.
I am, Sir, yours faithfully,
NORTHUMBERLAND.
The Sanitary Institute, Parkes Museum,
Margaret Street, London, W., July 20.
The Sanitary Institute, Parkrs Museum,
Margaret Street, London, W..
July ^l9t.
Sir,—In the reorganising of the educational system of the country a great
deal of attention is being directed to the adequate training of the teacher,,
and the Council of Tlie Sanitaiy Institute desire to urge upon your consider-
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144 HYGIBKB IN SCHOOLS.
ation the necessity of giving a promisent place in this preparation to some
practical training in the appreciation of the health conditions essential for
carrying on the work of instruction. . .
Ever since the passing of the Education Act in 1898, the Institute have
urged upon the school world the value and importance of hygiene as the
basis of education, and they appointed a committee of experts, consisting of
medical officers of health, engineers, architeets, and others, who have sciven
attention to this need of systematic application of hygiene in school life, to
draw up a syllabus, indicating the points that should be comprehended in
the training of all teachers.
The teaching of the laws of health in schools will have little effect in
training the scholar in the observance of these laws unless they are observed
and practised in the conduct of the school, and such training can only be
accomplished where the teachers have themselves been trained by practical
and experimental work to understand : —
(1) How the laws of health enter into every department of school life, the
mental and moral as well as the physical, and
(2) That the subject is one that must be inculcated in the child by ob-
servation and experiment.
The regulations issued this month by the Board of Education for the
training of teachers sum up the professional training with the following very
satisfactory recommendations :—
" The students ought to have an adequate knowledge of school hygiene.
They should understand the general conditions necessary for making a
building or a room healthy and for keeping it so, and they should be well
acquainted with the rules of personal health, and, so far as possible, with the
physiological principles upon which these rules are based. In the case of
women students, the nutritive value of food-stuffs in connexion with their
cost in the market and in relation to the needs of young children should be
known in outlines, even though the student may not be specially qualified in
domestic economy. Only thus will they know how to conduct the school as
a whole with the greatest profit to the health and bodily development of
scholars, and how to adapt the instruction to the limitations which are im-
posed in some cases by the feeble health of the children or by the poverty or
neglect of their parents.'*
In the prefatory memorandum to these regulations it is also urged that
€very training college should attempt to conduct its instruction in such a way
that there shall be in the case of each student some range of knowledge
within which there is no fact and no inference from fact that has not been
subjected to the severest tests at his command.
No subject offers a better field for this process of tested knowledge than
the subject of hygiene, for, while it affords excellent opportunity for prac-
tical work in testing methods, it co-ordinates with nearly all other branches
of the teachers' work, and affords an amount of diversity and adaptability
which would make its adoption practicable in nearly all colleges, and, if
ftdopted, would give a living groundwork to educational methods, which to
be successful must be based on the conditions of health essential to carrying
on the work of instruction in schools.
Experience, however, has proved the practical advantage of subjecting
Tecently-acquired knowledge to the test of examination, and with this end in
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GENISBAL NOTBS. 145
view the Conndl of The Sanitary Institute initiated an examination in applied
hygiene for school teachers, which has already been adopted and made the
focus for the training of teachers under some of the county councils.
If, in the preparation or canying out of any scheme that your council
propose, the Institute can, by this examination, or by co-operation in any -
other wiEiy, be of use in ftutheriirg the desired end, my council would be very
glad.
I am, Sir, yours faithflilly,
E. White Wallis, Secretary.
GENERAL NOTES.
The First International Congress of Assainlssement et Salubrity de
THabitation, imder the auspices of the French Society of Hygiene, will be
held in Paris, October 15th-20th, under the presidency of M. Janssen.
The>bject of the Congress is to discuss the sanitary construction and
arrangements of dwellings and buildings.
The meeting will be divided into six sections: (1) town houses; (2) country
houses; (3) workmen's dwellings; (4) furnished apartments; (5; school
buildings; (6) ship dwellings.
Tickets |for Congress, including copies ot the proceedings and all the
privileges of the meeting, 20 francs.
Ticket holders will obtain a reduction of 60 per cent, on their fares over
the French Railways
Wives of ticket holders are accorded the privileges of the meetings.
All particulars can be obtained of—
M. F. MABifi Davy
Secretaire GirUral de Congr^^
7 Rue Br^zin, Paris (14th Arrondt.,.
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146
PARKES MUSEUM NEW BUILDING AND
ENDOWMENT FUND,
PRELIMINARY LIST OF DONATIONS.
Amounts already reported :
Capital allotted
Vice-Presidents
Members of Council .*.
Members and others . .
To the Douglas Gallon OaUery
Additional amount since last Report :
Miss W. E. Odium . .
£ 8. d.
9,000
258
95 6
664 17 6
145 10
£10,163 13 6
10 6
£10,164 4
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'Digitized by
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JOURNAL OF THE SANITARY INSTITUTE.
VOL. XXV. P.AltT n. AUGUST, 190^
■g»acasgs ,i , .1 I u v ■ i
Contents: pa»
Sessional Meetings— Discussions on :
School Hygiene in its Selation to Educational Authorities .... 161
Food and Meat Inspection * . • 177
Congress at Glasgow-Presidential Addresses . . .... . . . 206
Obituary Notices ................... 374
Notes on Legislation and Law Cases . 378
General Notes 383
{For detailed List see hack of Journal Cover,)
Reviews of Books-
Water Supply, hy E. B. Middleton, m.inst.o.b. ....... 67
Milk, its production and uses, by E. F. Willoughby, M.n., ]).p.h. . , 68
Infection and Immunity, by G. M. Sternberg, m:.d. Lun. • . , . 68
Heating by Hot Water, by W. Jones, m.i.m.e. 69
Mosley Educational Commission . . ... ... . . . . 70
Articles relating to Public Health appearing in the varidis British and
Foreign Journals and Traaisactions. Abstracts of Titles ..... 81
Sanitary Legislation 86
Meeting held by the Institute:
Ordinary General Meeting . ... . . . . . . . . . , . 88
Sessional Meetings 89
Institute Dinner 89
Examinations 103
Candidates who have received Certificates, April — July ...... 103
Examination Questions 108
Congress and Exhibition 98
Forthcoming Meetings of the Institute 121
Calendar, August — October . . . . . . . . . 123
Fellows, Members, and Associates Elected, April— July . ...... 126
Contributions and additions to Library, April — June . . . . . . . . 133
Official Circulars and Orders of the Local Government Board . . . . . 141
Exhibits added to the Museum . . 142
Hygiene in Schools 143
General Notes ......•• • ^^^
Earkes Museum New Building Fund . 146
f^gente for tbc eale ot Zbc Soutnal SbtoaD:—
AUSTRALIA.— BnwABD A. Pbtherick, 380, Bourke Street, Melbourne; 333, George
Street, Sydney; 144, Bundle Street, Adelaide.
FBAKGB.— H. Wbltbb, 69, Bue Bonaparte, Ftkris.
NOBTH BASTBBN EUBOPB.— W. H. Kuhl, 73 J8ger Stra88e,^^lin. W.
9k
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Tolune m.— Part III.]
SUPPLEMENT TO THE JOURNAL
OF
THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE
PUBLISHED QUARTERLY.
CONTENTS ON BACK COVER.
LONDON :
Offices of the royal sanitary institute, parkes museuiM,
margaret street, w.
edward stanford, 12, 13, & 14, long acre, w.c.
JOURNAIi PRICE HAIiF^. CROWN.
SUPPIiBMBNT PRICE ONE SHUjIjING
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Google
Tolnmc m— Part lY.] [January, 1905.
SUPPLEMENT TO THE
JOURNAL
OP
THE ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE.
REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
THE SANATOEIIJM TEEATMENT OF CONSUMPTIVES.*
This little monograph, as the author states in his short preface,
contains the substance of a lecture delivered by him at Mount
Vernon Hospital, Fitzroy Square, W., in November, 1903. While
acknowledging the distinguished service of such men as Brehmer,
Dettweiller and Walther in Germany, in furthering the general
adoption of the "natural method" of treatment by ourselves, he
claims, and justly claims, for George Bodington, the pride of place
as first practical pioneer of the open-air treatment of phthisis in this
country, more than two generations ago. Much of Bodington's
writings on the subject indeed, with very slight modification — if we
exclude his pathology — would pass muster at the present time. After.
Bodington, Henry McCormack, Benjamin Ward Eichardson, and
Parish are honored for the part they played in preaching " the truth "
on this head, to an unenlightened age.
The writer points, with regret, to the want of agreement among
modern authorities as to the exact mode of origin of tubercle within
the human body. Such want of agreement among experts, however,
— ^by no means confined to this branch of knowledge — is one of the
most powerful incentives to further investigation, and seems to
suggest, by way of moral, that it is seldom given to man to grasp the
truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth at once.
After mentioning the great variety with regard to situation,
structure, and equipment to be observed in modern sanatoria,
especially in this country, the writer wisely concludes that this is
simply a variation of non-essentials, and that strict hygienic pre-
cautions and regime, and careful medical supervision, are the only
matters in respect of which there must be no compromise.
He lays special stress upon the educational value of sanatoria, and
in this all must agree with him. He cites the example of Craigleith,
***The Sanatorium Treatment of Consumptives," by T. N. Kelynack, M.D.,
F.R.C.P. 27 pp. 8vo. The Scientific Press, Ltd., London. 1904.
VOL, XXT. PABT IT. SI
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180 REVIEWS OF BOOKS.
where Edinburgh "day boarders" are taught the principles upon
which they should regulate the management of their lives at home.
He deplores the lack of a scientific basis for much of our knowledge
of phthisis and the means of its prevention and cure, together with
the want of uniformity in the diet and treatment adopted in many
sanatoria. As he states, however, good results are obtained in spite
of such divergencies. He warns us of the tendency of sanatorium
life to engender habits of idleness and selfishness, and advocates
regular light occupation for all who can bear it. The vexed question
of " after care *' is lightly touched upon, and the monograph concludes
with a short review of the situation as regards the existing and
anticipated provision of sanatorium accommodation for consumptives
in this country.
P. B.
PHYSICAL DETERIOEATION, ITS CAUSES AND
ITS CURE.*
This work collates a great deal of useful and interesting information
bearing upon the subject of the physical deterioration of the race.
The facts evidenced by the Scotch Eoyal Commission on Physical
Training, by recent and historic recruiting returns, and by the
Anthropometric Committee of the British Association, are specially
cited as showing ; (a) that a large proportion of the poorer classes of
the population of these kingdoms are physically unfit for active
occupation of any kind ; (b) that this is true in an infinitely higher
degree of the town than the country population ; and (c) that the
causes are numerous and obvious, and, commencing to operate during
ultero-gestation, continue to operate throughout all subsequent
periods of life. The original (often degraded) condition of parents
(especially the females), hand-feeding, unhealthy homes, schools and
workplaces, bad and insufficient food, dirt, poverty and overcrowding,
want of light, air and physical exercise, with alcoholic intemperance
as the crowning evil, are all dealt with in detail. The now almost
stereotyped reforms, ranging from the garden city and municipal milk
depot, to the scientifically administered school- gymnasium, in which
children receive education as well as instruction, and are taught all
that essentially pertains to the healthy management of body and mind,
are each advocated in turn. Special attention, however, is paid to the
education question and the feeding of infants; and the urgent
necessity for reforms, alike in the existing indiscriminate system of
dealing with children attending our public elementary schools, and in
the milk supply available for the poorer sections of the community,
are strongly insisted on.
The system of physical training adopted among various peoples,
from the ancient Greek to the modem Swede, are explained ; and
particular attention is called to the relative neglect of systematic
» * " Physical Deterioration, its Causes and its Cure," by A. Watt Smyth.
318 pp. 8vo. John Mmray, London. 1904.
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ARTICLES ON PUBLIO HEALTH. 181
physical training in modern British as^compared with foreign schools,
and especially those of the public elementary class.
The following quotation from the final recommendations of the
Eoyal Commission on Physical Training in Scotland may be taken as
expressing the author's views upon this point : — " The improvement
with regard to physical training will be brought about chiefly by a
more intelligent conception of the proper aim of education, by
recognition of the fact that the education cannot be based upon
sound principles which neglects the training and development of the
bodily powers, and by judging results as they are shown over the
whole of the school life, and not by short portions of that life. The
school life should cover a large part, not only of the working time,
but also of the recreation of its pupils."
This carefully compiled and instructive work concludes with a
series of appendices consisting of statistical and other data bearing
upon the subjects with which it deals.
P. B.
ARTICLES RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH,
Appearing in the chief British and Foreign Journals and Transactions.
Abstracts of Titles classified in, this lAst under the follomng
Iieadings : —
Scieifbe in Relation to Hygiene and Preventive Medicine.
Hygiene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions; and
Municipal Administration.
Building Materials, Construction, and Machinery.
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Reftise Disposal.
Heating, Lighting, and Ventilating.
Personal and Domestic Hygiene.
The articles referred to in this list are as far as possible collected and
filed in the Library of the Institute for the use of the Members
and Associates.
Science in relation to Hygrlene and Preventive Medicine.
-Bastian, H. Ohaklton, M.D., F.R.S. On the great im-
portance from the point of view of Medical Science of the
proof that bacteria and their allies are capable of arising
de novo. The Lancet, October 31st, 1903, p. 1221.
The question is fully discussed, but the arguments are too numerous
to allow of summary.
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182 ABTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
*^ British Medical Journal/' Editor of the. The
Etiology of Sleeping Sickness. British Medical Journal y
Nov. 21st, 1903, p. 1343.
The article gives a summary of a report on The Etiology of
Sleeping Sickness, by Lieut.-Col. D. Bruce, P.RS , Dr. A. Nabasro,
and Capt. Greig, Q.M.S.
Christy, Cuthbert, M.B. Bubonic Plague {" Kaumpuli '')
in Central East Africa. British Medical Journal, Nov, 14th,
1903, p. 1265.
The paper gives an account of an inquiry into this disease by the
writer, and the investigations of others are quoted to show that the
disease known locally as " Kaumpuli " is really Bubonic Plague.
Eyre, J. W. H., M.D. On the distribution of Bacillus Coli
in Nature. The Lancet, March 5th, 1904, p. 648.
Hamilton, D. J., M.B. The Inoculability of Human Tuber-
culosis upon Bovines. British Medical Journal, Sept. 12th,
1903, p. 565.
The paper is written in support of a paper by Mr. Young, and the
author describing certain experiments pointing conclusively, it is
asserted, to the relationship between human and bovine tuberculosis.
Hendley, T. H. The Spread of Ankylostonians. British
Medical Journal^ Nov. 28th, 1903, p. 1393.
The great prevalence of the disease in the tropics is pointed out
and the risks of its introduction into this country is discussed.
Macfadyan, Allen, M.D. Upon tlie Virulence of the
Bacillus of Bovine and Human Tuberculosis for Monkeys.
The Lancet, Sept. 12th, 1903, p. 744.
Experiments by feeding and inoculating 18 monkeys with both
human and bovine tubercular matter are described, and the conclusion
arrived at is that both were equally active in producing the disease.
McFadyean, Prof. J. Glanders. The Journal of State
Medicine, Jan., 1905.
Being the first of three Harben lectures upon the history, ethiology,
and prevention of the disease.
McOleary, G. F., M.I)., D.P.H. The influence of Ante-natal
conditions on Infantile Mortality. British Medical Journal,
Aug. 13th, p. 321.
The paper discusses the various conditions which may influence
the infantile mortality.
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ABTICLES ON PUBLIC HEALTH. 183
Shaw, W. Veeinon, M.D. The Immunisation of Animals to
Bacillus Typhosus. 7he Lancet, Oct. 3rd, 1903, p. 948.
An account is given of experiments which point to the conclusion
that the best way of obtaining a typhoid toxin is by the digestion of
the bacilli with fresh blood.
Stephens, J. W. W., M.D. The Anti-Malarial operations at
Mian Mir (Punjab). The Lancet, March 5th, 1904, p. 637.
The scope is indicated by the title.
Thomson^ J. Ashburton, M.D. On the Etiology of Bubonic
Plague. The Lancet, Oct. 17th, 1903, p. 1090.
Arguments are brought forward to substantiate the theory that
rat fleas are the carriers of the contagion.
Thornton, Bertram. Observations on an Epidemic of
Scarlatina. British Medical Journal, June 18th, p. 1420.
Particulars are given of an extremely mild outbreak of scarlatina,
and the question of the identification of the active agent of infection
discussed from the point of view of a possible shortening of the
isolation period necessary.
Whipple, George 0. The Longevity of the Typhoid
Bacillus in water. The Engineering Record, Dec. if 4th,
1904, p. 746.
A review of the various experiments that have been made and
conclusions derived therefrom.
Wright, A. E., M.D. On the Protective effect achieved by
Anti-typhoid Inoculation as exhibited in two further
statistical records. The Lancet, Oct. 10th, 1903, p. 1008.
Figures are given showing that inoculations diminish the attack
rate, and from which it may be inferred that the death rate of those
attacked was also lowered.
Hygiene of Special Classes, Trades, and Professions ;
and Municipal Administration.
Builder, The, Editor of the. Architectural Association
visit to Charing Cross Hospital. The Builder, Oct. 22nd,
iy04, p. 412.
General description of the buildings caUing attention to several
inicommon details and devices necessary owing to the peculiarities of
the site, etc.
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184 AETICL15S ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
Cross, A. W. S. Haggerston Public Baths. The Builder^
Sept. 10th, 1904, p. 274, and plates.
Plan, perspective, and general description, with sizes of bath
rooms, etc.
Douglas & Minshull. Friars School, Bangor, North Wales.
The Builder, Nov. 5th, 1904, p. 467.
Perspective and plan with description of buildings, materials, etc.
Ridge, Lacy W., F.R.I.B.A., and Gibson, J. S., F.E.LB.A.
Architecture and Building Acts. Ihe Builder, Dec. 24th,
1904, p. 659.
See also R.I.B.A. Journal, p. 117, Dec. 24th, 1904.
Mr. Bidge's paper referred to the objections to rural bye-laws,
and Mr. Gibson's to the conflict between the artistic spirit and the
regulations of the London Building Act of 1894. The papers ^^ere
read at the E.I.B.A.
Tait & Harvby. Exmouth Cottage Hospital. The Builder,
Aug. 13th, 1904, p. 182.
Description of buildings with cost, ground, plan, and perspective.
Building Materials, Construction, and Machinery.
Dunn, W. Construction and strength of reinforced concrete
columns (illustrated). Journal of the E.I.B.A. Nov. 26th,
1904, p. 21.
JoPLiNG, T. Notes on Clay working, more particularly bricks
and tiles. Read at the Surveyors' Institute. 7he Builder,
Dec. 17th, 1904, p. 635.
Manufacture and testing of bricks, and remarks on tiles and
pottery.
Water Supply, Sewerage, and Refuse Disposal.
"Builder," Editor of the. Drains in London Schools.
7 he Builder, Jan. 14th, 1905, p. 31.
Comment upon the inspection of drains, etc., directed by the
L.C.C.. of non-provided schools. Also suggesting that similar
treatment was necessary to higher schools all over England.
Howe, Freeland, Jun. A new method for determining the
colour of the turbidity of water. TJie Engineering Record,
Dec. 17th, 1904, p. 720.
Description of apparatus for the mathematical expression of colour
in turbid water.
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ABTICLES OX PUBLIC HEALTH. 185
Heatinsr, Lighting, and Ventilating.
Haldane, J. S., M.D., F.R.S. Standards of Ventilation*
British Medical Journal^ -^'^g- 13th, 1904, p. 313.
Dr. Haldane introduces a discussion on this subject in which others
take part.
Henman, William, F.R.I.B.A. Notes of the Plenum system
of Ventilation. Journal of the E.LB.A.^ June 14th, 1904,
p. 427.
Henman, W. Ventilation. Tlie Builder, Nov. 19th, 1904,
p. 517.
A paper read before the Architectural Association, dealing with
the general results to be aimed at and how to obtain them in the
simplest manner, without mechanical aid from the Plenum aspect.
Pick, S. Perkins, F.R.I.B. A. Criticism of the Royal Victoria
Hospital, Belfast. Journal of the RJ.B.A., June 11th,
1904, p. 431.
See also Journal, RLB.A.y Dec. 19th, 1903.
Objections to all wards being on one iBoor, to the "Plenum " system
of ventilation for hospital wards, and to the system of drainage.
Personal and Domestic Hygiene.
McCleary, D. F., M.D. Infant Feeding. 7he Ixincety
Oct. 3rd, 1903, p. 945.
An account is given of a system in operation in Battersea for
supplymg modified sterilized milk to the public.
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186
MEETINGS HELD.— NOVEMBEE AND DECEMBER,
1904.
Examinations.
During November and December the following Examinations
were held : —
Practical Sanitaby Science.
IS'ovember 4th and 5th, Newcastle- on -Tyne. 2 Candidates. No
Certificates granted.
November 18th and 19th, Manchester. 2 Candidates. 1 Certificate
granted.
December 9th and 10th, London. 19 Candidates. 6 Certificates
granted.
Inspectors of Nuisances.
October 21 st and 22nd, Cape Town. 25 Candidates. 10 Certificates
granted.
November 4th and 6th, Neweastle-on-Tyne. 47 Candidates. 18
Certificates granted.
November 18th and 19th, Manchester. 74 Candidates. 35 Certifi-
cates granted.
December 9th and 10th, London. 102 Candidates. 47 Certificates
granted.
Inspectors of Meat and other Foods.
December 16th and 17th, London. 24 Candidates. 21 Certificates
granted.
Candidates who have received Certificates,
November— December, 1904.
Practical tSanitarn Science.
1904, Dec. 10, Catley, Ashley James.
1904, Dec. 10. Cooper, Launcelot A.
1904, Dec. 10. Ewing, James.
1904, Dec. 10. Hartfree, Gt. Bertram.
1904, Nov. 19. Hocking, John William,
1904, Dec. 10. Powell, Arthur Ernest.
1904, Dec. 10. Stevenson, George Henry.
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CANDIDATES CBBTIFIED, 187
Inspectors of Meat and Other Foyds*
1904, Dec. 17. Ashdown, Tom.
1904, Dec. 17. Berry, Major Eobert Gordon John John-
stone, A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Brookes, Charles Strutton.
1904, Dec, 17. Butler, Thomas.
1904, Dec. 17. Buttanshaw, Major Edward Thornton,
A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Carter, Major Evan E., A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Cuming, Major Arthur Edwin, A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Elliot, Thomas Stokob.
1904, Dex;. 17. Henderson, Stanley Eobert.
1904, Dec. 17. Hill, Thomas.
1904, Dec. 17. Hoskins, Qeorge Albert.
1904, Dec. 17. Howard, Horace.
1904, Dec. 17. Manders, Edward John.
1904, Dec. 17. Owen, John David.
1904, Dec. 17. Powell, Thomas.
1904, Dec. 17. Puckle, Capt. John, A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Taylor, Major Ernest Fitzwilliam, A.S.C.
1904, Dec. 17. Topping, Thomas.
1904, Dec. 17. Turton, John.
1904, Dec. 17. Williams, William,
1904, Dec. 17, Wood, James William.
Inspectors of Nuisances,
1904, Nov. 5. Adams, Andrew.
1904, Nov. 5. Aitken, Alexander.
1904, Dec. 10. Anderson, Herbert.
1904, JN^ov. 19. Atkinson, John.
1904, Nov. 19. Badrock, Charles Alfred.
1904, Dec. 10. Baldwin, Ernest Wilfred.
1904, Nov. 19. Bates, Percy.
1904, Nov. 5. Bayles, Eobert.
1904, Oct. 22. Beale, Alfred.
1904, Dec. 10. Boswell, Thomas Mant.
1904, Dec. 10. . Boys, Henri.
1904, Dec. 10. Brewer, Herbert John.
1904, Nov. 19. Bulmer, George Frederick,
1904, Nov. 19. Butler, Eichard Heber.
1904, Dec. 10. Caffyn, Harry.
1904, Nov. 19. Chambers, Joshua Crawshaw.
1904, Dec. 10. Chart, Eobert.
1904, Dec, 10. Clark, Alexander.
1904, Dec. 10. Cobbett, Arthur William.
1904, Oct. 22, Cochrane, John.
1904, Dec. 10. Coe, John Cyril.
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188 CANDIDATES CEETIFIED.
904, Dec. 10. XCoopbe, Maby Eliza.
904, Nov. 19. Connolly, James.
904, Nov. 19. Cousins, Charles Willlim.
904, Dec. 10. ZCowen, Hetty.
904, Nov. 5. Dixon, Joseph Ernest.
904, Dec. 10. XDavis, Gertrude.
904, Nov. 5. DowDELL, Arthur.
904, Nov. 19. Eaton, Eobert.
904, Dec. 10. Emerton, William John.
904, Dec. 10. Etans, Ernest William.
904, Nov. 19. Fairolough, Paul.
904, Dec. 10. Eearn, George Hargreaye.
904, Oct. 22. Eraser, Andrew Clark.
904, Nov. 19. 7/ Gammon, Annie.
904, Dec. 10. Garwood, George Clarkf.
904, Dec. 10. Grant, Albert Isaac.
904, Nov. 19. Gibson, Thomas.
904, Nov. 19. Gill, John.
904, Nov. 5. Gordon, Alexander.
904, Oct. 22. Hagley, Charles.
904, Nov. 19. Halsall, John Eobert.
904, Oct. 22. Hanaein, Denis J.
904, Nov. 19. LHanson, Ada.
904, Nov. 19. Hawlby, Herbert Bowdin.
904, Nov. 19. Hawley, Thomas.
904, Dec. 10. Hepworth, Evelyn.
904, Dec. 10. Hewett, Henry Samuel.
904, Dec. 10. Hirst, James.
904, Dec. 10. Hudson, Thomas W.
904, Nov. 19. Hughes, James Ernest.
904, Dec. 10. Hunt, Henry Eeginald.
904, Nov. 5. Hunter, Edward John.
904, Nov. 19. HuNTSwoRTH, William James*
904, Nov. 5. Johnston, John Emerson.
904, Dec. 10. Z Jordan, Agnes Mahalia.
904, Dec. 10. XKirkus, Winifred.
904, Nov. 5. KiRTON, Alexander.
904, Dec. 10. Lamb, Claude Percival.
904, Dec. 10. XLewins, Ettie.
904, Dec. 10. ZLilley, Beatrice.
904, Nov. 19. LuNN, Algernon Percy.
904, Nov. 5. L Mahony, Mary O.
904, Nov. 19. Margison, Walter.
904, Dec. 10, Mathison, Joseph.
904, Nov. 5. Moody, Henry.
904, Dec. 10. Morley, John.
904, Nov. 19. Morley, William Henry.
904, Oct. 22. Morris, Stephen Willij* m Satik..
904, Nov. 5. MuLCASTER, Joshua.
904, Nov. 19. Neil, William Taylor.
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CAXDI DATES CERTIFIED. 189
1904, Dec. 10. L Newton, Mabel Fortbscue.
1904, Nov. 19. NoERis, Eichard.
1904, Nov. 19. Ormerod, Frank Andrew.
1904, Nov. 19. Ormerod, William.
1904, Dec. 10. Pargetbr, Thomas, Junr.
1904, Nov. 19. Parker, Henry Stansfeld.
1904, Oct. 22. Parry, John Owen.
1904, Dec. 10. Pilch, John.
1904, Oct. 22. Eance, Alfred.
1904, Nov. 5. Eedpath, Eichard Gordon.
1904, Nov. 19. EoBiNSON, Trueman.
1904, Dec. 10. Eowe, Herbert Edward.
1904, Nov. 6. Scott, George Vickers.
1904, Dec. 10. Sills, Edwin Howard.
1904, Dec. 10. Small, Leonard John.
1904, Nov. 19. Smith, Charles Algernon.
1904, Oct. 22. Smith, Ernest John.
1904, Dec. 10. Smith, George.
1904, Nov. 19. Smith, Willie.
1904, Oct. 22. SouNDY, John.
1904, Nov. 19. Stewardson, John.
1904, Nov. 19. SixxJK, Bertie.
1904, Dec. 10. Streatfield, George William.
1904, Nov. 5. Suggett, George.
1904, Nov. 5. Sutherland, George William.
1904, Dec. 10. Tolmabr, Joseph.
1904, Nov. 5. Tyreman, Isaac.
1904, Nov. 19. Tyrer, Arthur.
1904, Dec. 10. Venables, Frederick William.
1904, Nov. 19. Walker, Charles.
1904, Nov. 5. Wall, Thomson.
1904, Dec. 10. Waters, Hugh William.
1904, Dec. 10. West, Clement,
1904, Dec. 10. Wheeler, Alfred George.
1904, Nov. 19. Willacy, Herbert.
1904, Dec. 10. Williams, John Eichard
1904, Dec. 10. Wilson, George Henry.
1904, Dec. 10. Wyetii, George Knapp.
1904, Dec. 10. Young, Henry.
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190 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
Examinatimi Questions,
Practical Sanitary Science, — Newcastle, Nov. 4th and 5th, 1904.
1. State Graham's law of the diffusion of gases. Give some
illustrations of the operation of this law in the natural ventilation of
dweUings.
2. What are convection currents in a liquid, and how are they
caused ? Is there any corresponding motion in gases ; if so, how is
it generated, and what is its effect on the atmosphere ?
t3. State fully the necessary conditions for ohtaining a healthy site
for a school or college, in relation to —
(a) Water supply.
(6) Aspect,
(c) Position.
{d) Surrounding objects.
\e) Subsoil.
4. What do you understand by temporary and permanent hardness
of«water ? Describe how the temporary hardness of water may be
removed ; also explain a method which would remove the temporary
and diminish the permanent hardness.
5. What precautions should be taken in storing rain water for a
domestic supply ?, and give any rule you may know for calculating the
size required in a storage tank.
6. Draw a cross section of a concrete floor, supported by British
standard steel beams, to a room, 30 feet by 20 feet, with figured
dimensions of concrete and beams, and state the proposed composition
of the concrete.
7. Describe the best form of W.C. for houses, for factories, for
schools, and for hospitals. Illustrate by sketches.
8. In planning a system of drains, what gradients are necessary
for the following sized pipes to ensure a velocity of 2 feet per
second: — (a) 9 inch, (6) U inch, (c) 4 inch — and give examples of
calculations to arrive at your answer ?
The Candidates ivere examined viva voce on the 5th,
Practical Sanitary Science, — Manchester, Nov. 18th and 19th, 1904.
1. What do you understand by convection, cqnduction, and radia-
tion of heat respectively ? Give examples and explain the phenomena
of each.
2. Give the various subsoils of sites for dwellings. Which are
porous and which are impervious ? What other considerations affect
the choice of a site for a dwelling ?
In ^3. Give the formula for determining the velocity of water under a
head of pressure. How is this modified to meet the case of water
flowing through an orifice ?
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 191
4. State various ways in which a cast-iron Water main may be
coated to prevent corrosive action by the water. Give sketches and
describe joints in wrought and cast-iron pipes.
5. Describe the construction of hollow walls, the ties employed^
the distances apart. Sketch a vertical section of a hollow wall with
damp course and footings.
6. Give a sketch of a hot-water heating scheme for a four-storied
house of twenty rooms, and show how and in what directions the
circulation is maintained.
7. What is meant by natural ventilation, and upon what physical
laws does it depend ?
8. Describe any method you know of treating sewage from a
country house where no sewerage system exists.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the \^th.
Practical Sanitary Science, — London, Dec. 9th and 10th, 1904.
1. Describe the action of an ordinary siphon, also that of an
inverted siphon carrying sewage under a river.
2. What changes take place in a gas when it is heated ? How can
such changes be measured ? Compare the changes in air and water
produced by increasing the temperature of both from 60° F. to
220^ E.
3. Contrast from a health point of view, dwellings upon
(a) Well- wooded hills, 500 feet above the sea :
(6) Fen land :
(c) The southern slope of a range of hills.
Show how reasonable hygienic conditions can be obtained in each
position.
4. It is required to deHver one gallon of water per second through
a pipe 160 yards long, with a head of 72 feet, what diameter will be
required ? Show the working.
5. Give a short description of Portland cement, also blue lias lime.
Describe their manufacture and the class of work to which each is
appKcable.
6. What do you understand by the plenum and the vacuum systems
of ventilation? Discuss the pros and cons of each for —
(a) A large school-room :
(6) A laundry :
(c) A dry-glaze factory.
7. State briefly the steps to be taken to effectively examine and
test a system of drainage 25 years old.
8. What are the biological processes concerned in the resolution
and purification of the organic matters in sewage.
The Candidates were examined vivd voce rni the 10th,
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192 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
Lispectors of Meatyind other Foods, — ^London, Dec. 16th and 17th,
1904.
1. Under what legal restrictions may horseflesh be sold? How
may the tongue, liver, kidneys, and heart of the horse be distinguished
from the corresponding organs of the ox ?
2. Name the chief diseases of cattle which an inspection oflScer
should watch for, and state briefly how these may be recognized in
the lairs before the animal is slaughtered.
3. What is meant by a " reaction '' to an injection of tuberculin ?
Explain how the injection is given and what precautions are necessary
to avoid error.
4. Describe how you would proceed to examine a hind quarter of
frozen beef for evidence of bone taint (deep-seated decomposition) ;
and assuming that the condition is present indicate the nature of the
changes to be observed.
5. The cavities of the thorax and abdomen are lined by a mentbrane.
Describe the normal and abnormal appearances of this membrane,
and state what indications it may furnish of the unfitness of the
carcase for human food.
6. What important lymphatic glands are removed from the body
when the contents of the chest and abdomen are taken out by a
slaughterman ?
7. Describe the flesh of an animal that had been slaughtered while
in a choking condition, and how would you distinguish between the
flesh of such an animal and one that bad died of anthrax ?
8. Name the parasites which may be transmitted to man by eating
meat, and describe their appearance in the flesh of animals.
9. State in detail the rules you would endeavour to carry out to
secure to the customer a supply of pure milk, having reference chiefly
to the collection, storage, and distribution of same.
10. What is the average composition of cows' milk ? Describe any
simple tests that may be used to ascertain if any given sample is
satisfactory.
11. What are the dangers involved in the use of articles of food
preserved in tins ? What points would you look to when inspecting
a consignment of tinned food in order to judge of its soundness and
probable keeping qualities ?
12. What procedure is generally adopted to ensure the keeping
of refrigerated or chilled meat? How may this class of meat be
recognized? What difference is there between frozen meat and
refrigerated meat ? Does either process impair its nutritive value ?
Tlie Candidates were examined viva voce on the VI th.
Impectors of Nuisances. — Newcastle, November 4th and 5th, 1904.
1. What is a nuisance? What nuisances are likely to occur in
(a) canal boats, (6) fish manure works, (c) slaughter-houses ?
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EXAMINATION QUESTIONS. 193
2. Describe in detail the outfit with which- a food and drugs
inspector in a rural district would equip himself on leaving his office
for half a day's sampling in a village four miles away.
3. What is the allowance for air-space in a common lodging-house
for each person ? In order to keep the air within the recognized
limits of purity, how often must it be changed per hour ? Show how
you arrive at the figure you give, and explain how the change is
accomplished.
4. What do you understand by the terms " natural " and
*' mechanical " systems as applied to ventilation ? Q-ive sketches to
illustrate your answer. What are the advantages and disadvantages
T)f each method ?
5. If the water supply of a country district were under suspicion,
what observations and enquiries would you make with regard to the
wells and their surroundings when carrying out an inspection ?
6. Describe exactly how^ you would test a drain by means of a
chemical test.
7. A complaint is received that the sewer manholes along a par-
ticular section emit offensive gases, state how you would proceed to
investigate such a nuisance, and suggest a number of probable causes
and appropriate remedies.
8. What are the various means adopted for the disposal of house
refuse ? Which would you recommend for a city ?
The Candidates were ea'amined viva voce on the 5th,
Inspectors of Nuisances, — Manchester, Xov. 18th and 19th, 1904.
1. Mention the solid, liquid, and gaseous disinfectants you are ac-
quainted with. Which would you prefer for the disinfection of a
bedroom after scarlet fever ? Describe the method of its use.
2. A medical practitioner notifies a sanitary inspector that he has
detained at his surgery a person suffering from smallpox, and requests
the immediate attention of the inspector. Detail the action which
should be taken.
3. What external appearances in regard to tinned salmon w^ould
lead you to suspect the contents had undergone putrefaction ? What
further action would you take to confirm your suspicion ?
4. Describe a method of efficiently changing the air inside a large
class-room of a Board school and the ward of a hospital.
5. How many cubic feet of air space per person is required in : —
(a) Ordinary living rooms.
(h) Factories.
(c) Hospitals.
(d) Prisons.
(e) Schools — (1) London, (2) Provinces.
6. A country house is dependent on roof-water for its supply, and
this is found to have become discoloured with a green growth. How
may this arise, and what remedy would you recommend?
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194
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS.
7. Mention the essential qualities which should be found in a good
drainpipe, and state the reasons.
8, How many satisfactory joints may be made between : —
Lead and iron,
Lead and stoneware,
Iron and iron.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 19<7t.
Inspectors of Nuisances, — London, Dec. 9th and 10th, 1904.
1. You have reason to believe that a nuisance exists in (a) a dwell-
ing house, and (b) a common lodging house. On visiting the premises
admission is refused. What action would you take in each case ?
2. How would you distinguish between the dressed (headless and
footless) carcase of a horse and an ox respectively ? Compare the
ribs, the heart, the liver, the tongue, and the kidneys of each. What
is the law in this country affecting the sale of horseflesh as human
food?
3. A sample of water from a domestic tap is condemned on analysis
as being contaminated with animal matter, although a sample from
the mains supplying the house is quite pure. To what points would
you direct your attention in searching for the explanation ?
4. Describe the procedure to be adopted by an inspector of nuisances
to obtain a conviction for pollution of the atmosphere by black smoke.
5. Grive area of floor and cubic contents of the following room.
afi-
%
'%
% a/'
/»/^
having a dormer window in the roof with vertical sides and flat top.
6. what are the common causes of dampness in houses, and what
are the means adopted to prevent it ?
7. Discuss the respective merits of brick, earthenware, and iron
drains. What precautions are desirable when a drain is to be laid at
a great depth below the surface of the ground ?
8. It is necessary to carry a soil-drain through loose earth which is
sometimes waterlogged. Specify the nature of the work which you
would advise to be carried out.
The Candidates were examined viva voce on the 10th.
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195
FOETHC^.OMING MEETINGS.
A Conference on School Hygiene and Exhibition of
School Building and Furnishing Appliances,
Has been arranged by the Institute in The University of London,
by permission of the Senate, on February 7th to 10th, 1905.
SIE AETHUE W. EUCKEE, MA., D.Sc., LL.D., F.E.S.,
Principal of the University, has consented to act as President.
The Meetings of the Conference will be arranged as follows : —
Tuesday Evening, February 7th.
7 p.m. Eeception of Delegates and Members.
8 p.m. Address by the President on "The co-ordina-
tion of the Teaching of Hygiene."
Wednesday, February 8th.
Subject : Scholars —
11 a.m. ''Physical and Mental Development."
2 p.m. " Physical Inspection."
Thursday, February 9th.
Subject: Schools —
11 a.m. ** Building and Equipment."
2 p.m. ** Sanitary Inspection and Control."
Friday, February 10th.
Subject: Training in Hygiene —
11 a.m. " Training of Teachers."
2 p.m. " Training of Scholars."
The exhibition of school building and fiirnishing appliances held in
connection with the Conference will be in the University.
(The Programme of the Conference was given at the end of the
Supplement, Part III.)
Annual Dinner.
His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G., President of
the Institute, has consented to take the chair at the Annual
Dinner of the Institute, which will be held on Friday, May 12th,
at the Princes' Restaurant.
Sessional Meetings, 190e5.
The following dates and places are proposed for 1905 : —
Newcastle March 4th. London April.
London March 25th. York October.
Bristol April 8th. Cambridge.. NoTember.
Liverpool April 1 5 th. Birmingham November.
VOL. XXV. PART IV. N
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196 forthcoming meetings.
Lectures to Sanitary Officers.
The Thirty-ninth Course of Lectures and Demonstrations to
Sanitary Officers will commence on Monday, February 13th.
The dates and subjects of the thirty-two Lectures and the
several outside Demonstrations are given in the Calendar. The
Lectures are arranged to include the subjects scheduled for the
Examination for Inspector of Nuisances held by The Royal
Sanitary Institute and the Sanitary Inspectors' Examination
Board (formed by The Sanitary Institute and other bodies).
Practical Training for Meat Inspectors
for candidates preparing for the Examination for Inspectors of
Meat and other Foods, conducted by The Koyal Sanitary
Institute.
The Fifth Course will commence on February 24th, and will
consist of systematic Practical Training in the inspection of
meat at a Cattle Market, including Demonstration on live
cattle and sheep, slaughtering and dressing of animals, names
and situations of the organs, diseases of animals, methods of
stalling, arrangements of markets and byres, etc.
Demonstration will also be arranged at a knacker's yard,
where instruction regarding the flesh and organs of the horse
will be given.
The Course will continue for two months.
Demonstration will be given at the Institute on Friday
evenings and at a Market on Saturday afternoons.
In addition to the practical training at a Market, the Course
will include the Lectures on Meat and Food Inspection given
in the Parkes Museum.
Special Course Food and Meat Inspection.
Second Special Course of Practical Training in food and
meat inspection for commissioned officers and professional
students preparing for the Examination for Inspectors of Meat
and Other Foods, conducted by The Royal Sanitary Institute,
will commence on Monday, April 10th, 1905.
Applied Hygiene for School Teachers.
The Fourth Course, commencing on Friday, January 20th,
will consist of twenty-one Lectures given on Friday afternoons
throughout the three terms of the year 1905, and will be held
partly at Bedford College for Women and partly at The Royal
Sanitary Institute.
The Course affords a preparation which The Royal Sanitary
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FOETHCOMING MEETINGS. 197
Institute regards as suitable for the Examination held by them
for Certificate in Hygiene in its bearing on School Life.
The Course is open to women students over 19 years of age,
who hold either a Teacher's Diploma or Certificate, or have had
at least two years' experience in teaching in a secondary school,
or who can produce satisfactory evidence that they will be able
to benefit by the instruction afforded them.
Members and Associates of the Institute are admitted to this
Course at half fees.
Examinations.
The following Examinations have been arranged for February
and March : —
In Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings^ and Public Works^
and for Inspectors of Nuisances under the Public Health
Act, 1875.
Plymouth, Feb. 24th and 25th.
Birmingham, March 10th and 11th.
Inspectors of Meat and other Foods.
Leeds, March 17th and 18th.
In Hygiene and its Bearing on School Life.
London, Feb. 17th and 18th.
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198 FOBTHCOMIltG MEETnTGS.
Calendar, January to April, 1905.
A8 far 08 at present arranged.
Council Meetings are held Monthly on the Second Wednesday in
each Month at 5 p.m.
Exhibition Committee . .) Monday in the week preceding the
Congress and Editing Committee ) Council, at 4.30 p.m. & 5.30 p.m.
Examination Committee . . | Tuesday in the week preceding the
Museum and Library Committee) Council, at 4 p m. and 5 p.m.
Special Purposes Committee . ) Wednesday in the week preceding
Finance Committee . . .J the Council, at 4 p.m. and 5 p.m.
Parliamentary Committee
As occasion requires.
New Premises Committee .
Disinfectant Standardisation
Committee ...
The Parkes Museum is open free, on Mondays 9.30 a.m. to 8 p.m.,
other days 9.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m. The Library and OflSce are closed
at 1 p.m. on Saturday.
Council and Committee Meetings are suspended during August and Sept.j
and the Museum and Library are closed on public holidays.
JANUARY.
20 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
27 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
FEBRUARY.
3 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
7 T. ) School Hygiene Conference. University of London, 11-1 and 1-4 p.m.
10 F. j Exhibition open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.
10 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
13 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Physics, by E. J.
Steegmann, m.b., m.b.c.s., d.p.h.
15 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the district of Islington, at 2 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by James R. Leggatt, Supt. Public
Health Dept., Borough of Islington.
15 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Physics, by E. J.
Steegmann, m.b., m.r.c.s., d.p.h.
17 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
17 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers, at 7 p.m. Elementary Chemistry, by
E. J. Steegmann, m.b., m.r.c.s., d.p.h.
17 F 1
18 S [ ^^^unination in Hygiene in its bearing on School Life, London.
18 S. Inspection and Demonstration at the Willesden Parish Infirmary, at
3 p.m., conducted by Alfred Saxon Snell, f.b.i.b.a.
20 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementaiy Chemistry and
Meteorology. E. J. Steegmann, m.b., m.r.c.s., d.f.h.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
FOBTHOOMING MEETIIfGS. 199
22 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of Islington, at 2 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by James R Leggatt, Supt. Public
Health Dept., Borough of Islington.
23 Th. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.uL Sanitary Law, A : Intro-
ductory Remarlss, Public Health Acts— English, Scotch, Irish;
other Statutes relating to Public Health; By-Laws (Model, &c.)»
Regulations, Orders, Memoranda, eta, by J. Priestly, b.a., m.d.,
M.R.C.S., D.P.H.
24 F. Lecture to School Feachers at Bedford College at 4.46 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
24 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Law, B: Public
Health London Act; Metropolis Local Management Acts; By-
Laws and Regulations in Force in the Administratiye County of
London, by J. Priestley, b.a., m.d., m.ii.c.s., d.p.h.
24 F. Demonstration — Meat Inspectors* Course.
24 F. ) Examination in Practical Sanitary Science as applied to Building
'25 S. j and Public Works, and for Inspectors of Nuisances, Plymouth.
25 S. Inspection and Demonstration at the Battersea Disinfecting Station,
Mortuary, and Shelter, at 2.15 p. m. Conducted l^y G. F. McCleary^
M.D., D.P.H., M.O.H., Battersea.
27 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Law, C: Factory
and Workshop Acts (including Bakehouse Legislation, 1878-95), as
they affect the Sanitary Inspector; Smoke Legislation, Food and
Drugs Act, 1899, by J. Priestley, B.A., m.d., m.b.g.s., d.p.h.
MARCH.
1 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of St. Pancras, at 5 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by W. G. Auger, Sanitary Inspector.
1 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
— General, A : Outdoor, by G. Newman, m.d., d.p.h., f.b.s.e.. Medi-
cal Officer of Health, Finsbury.
Th. Demonsti-ation of Book-keeping as carried out in a Sanitary In-
spector's Office, at the Public Health Office, Town Hall, Upper
Street, Islington. N., at 7 p.m, by James R. Leggatt, Supt. Public
Health Dept., Borough of Islington.
3 P. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
3 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
— General, B: Indoor, by G. Newman, m.d., d.p.h., f.b.s.e., Medi-
cal Officer of Health, Finsbury.
4 S. Demonstration — ^Meat Inspectors' Course.
4 S. Sessional Meeting &t 11 a.m., Newcastle-on-Tjme. Discussion on
Aerial Dissemination of Small-pox Round Hospitals, opened by
H. E. Armstrong, d.hy.
G M. Lectm*e to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Duties of a Sanitary Inspector
— C : Offensive I'rades and Trade Nuisances, etc., by G. Newman,
M.D., D.P.H., P.B.B.E., Medical Officer of Health, Finsbury.
8 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of Islington, at 2 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by James R. Leggatt, Supt. Public
Health Dept., Borough of Islington.
9 Th. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Infectious Diseases, by Prof*
H. R. Kenwood, m.b.
10 F. Examination in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public
Works, and Inspectors of Nuisances, at Birmingham.
10 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
200 rOBTHCOMlNG MEETINGS.
10 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Methods of Disinfection, by
Prof. U. B. Kenwood, m.b.
10 F. Demonstration — Meat Inspectors' Course.
10 F. 1 Examination in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public
11 S. J Works, and Inspectors of Nuisances, at Birmingham.
11 S. Inspection and Demonstration at Tottenham Disinfecting Station
and Dust Destructor, at 3 p.m. Conducted by J. F. Butler-Hogan,
B.A., M.D., Medical Officer of Health, Tottenham.
13 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Elementary Statistics, by
Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m.b.
14. T. Annual Meeting of Associates. Address on Training and
Duties of Sanitary Inspectors, by Philip Boobbyer, m.d., ms , m.r.c.s,
15 W. Inspection and Demonstration at L.C.C. Municipal Lodging House,
Carrington House, Deptford, S.E., at 3 p.m.
15 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Water : Composition, Pollu-
tion, and Purification, by Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m.b.
17 F. Lecture to School Teachers at. Bedford College at 4.46 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
17 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Calculations, Measurements,
and Plans and Sections, by W. C. Tyndale, m.inst.c.e.
' I Examination for Inspectors of Meat and other Foods, Leeds.
Inspection and Demonstration at the Hampton Sewage Disposal
Works, Hampton, Middlesex, at 3 p.m. Conducted by S. H. Cham-
bers, District Surveyor.
Demonstration — Meat Inspectors' Course.
Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Building Materials, by A.
Saxon Snell, f.r.i.b.a.
22 W. Inspection and Demonstration at the East London Water Works,
Lea Bridge, Clapton, at 3 p.m. Conducted by Mr. Blackburn,
Deputy Engineer.
22 W. Ordinary General Meeting*, 4.30 p.m.
22 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitaiy Building Construction
and Planning; boil and Local Physical Conditions, by A. Saxon
Snell, p.K.i.B.A.
24 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
24 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Ventilation, Warming, and
Lighting, by A. Saxon Snell, f.ii.i.b.a.
24 F. Demonsti-ation— Meat Inspectors* Course.
25 S. Sessional Meeting: at ll a.m., Parkes Museum. Discussion on
"Municipal Milk Depots and Milk Sterilization." Opened by G. F.
McCleary, m.d., d.p.h.
25 S. Inspection and Demonstration at the Sewage and Destructor Works,
Ealing, at 2.16 p.m. Conducted by Charles Jones, m.inst.c.e.,
Borough Engineer and Surveyor.
27 M. Lecture to Sanitaiy Officers at 7 p.m. Sanitary Appliances, by W. C.
Tyndale, m.inst.c.e.
29 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Details of Plumbers' Work,
by J. Wright-Clarke, m.inst.c.e.
& W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of St. Pancras, at 3 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by W. G. Auger, Sanitary Inspector.
31 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4 45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
31 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officera at 7 p.m. House Drainage, by W. C.
Tyndale, m.inst.c.e.
17 F.
18 S.,
18 S.
18 S.
20 M.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
FOBTHCOMING MEETINGS. 201
APRIL.
1 S. Inspection and Demonstration at Morden Hall Dairy Fann, Morden^
Surrey, at 3 p.m. Conducted by Oscar J. White.
1 S. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course,
o M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Water Supply, Sources of
Supply and Distribution, by J. E. Worth; m.inst.c.e.
5 W. Inspection and Demonstration in the District of Islington, at 2 p.m.
(number limited). Conducted by James R. Leggatt, Supt. Public
Health Dept., Borough of Islington.
5 W. Lecture to Sanitary Oflicers at 7 p.m. Sewerage, by J. E. Worth,
M.INST.C.E.
7 F. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H. "
Willcox.
7 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Sewage Disposal, by J. E.
Worth, M.INST.C.E.
7 F. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course.
8 S. Sessional Meeting at ll p.m. Bristol. Discussion on
8 S. Inspection and Demonstration at the Sewage Outfall Works, Barking,
at about 3 p.m. Conducted by J. E. Worth, m.inst.c.e., District
Engineer, L.C.C.
10 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Scavenging: Disposal of
House Refuse, by J. E. Worth, m.inst.c.e.
12 W. Inspection and Demonstration at the East London Soap Works, Bow,
at 3 p.m. Arranged by Messrs. E. Cook & Co., Ltd.
12 W. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Signs of Health and Disease
in Animals destined for Food, when alive and after slaughter.
Tuberculin and other Tests, by W. Hunting, p.r.c.v.s.
13 Th. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Diseased Meat, with a Demon-
stration of Morbid Specimens collected from Meat Markets, by James
King, M.R.C.V.S., Veterinary Inspector, Metropolitan Cattle Market.
14 F. Lectuie to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
14 F. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. The Names and Situations of
the Organs of the Body in Animals, by W. Hunting, p.r.c.v.s.
14 F. 1 Examination in Practical Sanitary Science as applied to Building
15 S. j and Public Works, aud for Inspectors of Nuisances, Liverpool.
15 S. Sessional Meeting at 11 a.m. Liverpool. Discussion on
15 S. Demonstration— Meat Inspectors' Course.
17 M. Lecture to Sanitary Officers at 7 p.m. Practical Methods of Stalling
and Slaughtering Animals, by W. Hunting, f.b.c.v.8.
17 M. Lecture to Commissioned Officers and Professional Men at 6 p.m.
Tinned and Potted Foods, by Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h.
18 T. Lecture to Commissioned Officers and Professional Men at 5 p.m.
Milk, Butter, and Cheese, by Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h.
19 W. Inspection and Demonstration at Harrison & Bai'ber's Knacker
Yard, Winthorp Street, Whitechapel, E., at 3 p.m. Conducted by
R. Glover, f.r.c.v.s.
21 F.
24 M.
28 P. Lecture to School Teachers at Bedford College at 4.45 p.m., by W. H.
Willcox.
E::t/m^ay 1 ^^^-^ --d Museum Closed.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
202
FELLOW, MEMBERS, AND ASSOCIATES
Elected Novbmbbb and Decehbeb, 1904.
Bw. Date of PELLOW.
No. Election.
^* 1904. Dec. Aemsteong, Prof. H. E., ph.d., f.e.s., 55, Granville
Park^ Lewisham,
MEMBEES.
* Passed Examination in Practical Sanitary Science.
S Passed Examination in Practical Hygiene for School Teachers.
I860 1904. Dec. Anderson, Alexander, m.a., m.b., cm., d.p.h., 30,
Wadsley Lane, Wadsley, Sheffield,
18C1 2904^ 'NoY, *AspiNALL, James, Beaconsfield Cottage, Westhoume
Grove, ffarpurhey, Manchester,
1835 1904. Nov. Blake, Henry Daniel, The Limmer Asphalte Co,,
2, Moorgate Street, E,C,
^'"1904. Nov. *Brainsby, Harry Todd, 143, Butts Road, Walsall,
Staffs,
1863 1904. Nov. ^Callabd, Miss E. M., 19, Hanover Square, W,
^''' 1904. Dec. Chilvebs, Geo. William, Walton House, 59, Stile
Hall Gardens, Chistvich,
1867 1904. Dec. Dabbt, Arthur E., Totvn Hall Wolverlmmpton.
1868 1904. Dec. Fbetberg, Herbert, 24, Cromwell Place, South
Kensington.
1862 1904. Nov. *Hargbave, WiUiam Harrison, 68, G7'osvenor 'Square,
Rathmines, Dublin,
1838 1904, Nov. *Hemmings, Eobert Edwin, cjo Messrs, Leigh and
Orange, 6, Des Vceusc Road, Central Hong Kong,
'"''1904. Dec. *HocKiNG, John William, 12, Faraday Street,
Burnley,
1880 1 904 Dec. Hudson, A. E., Chief Sanitary InspecUyr, Health
Dept., Municipal Offices, Cheltenham,
1869 2go4. Dec. Jones, Lloyd Middleton Bowen, l.b.c.p.lond.,
M.B.C.S., D.P.H., The Friary, Carmarthen,
'^"^ 1904. Dec. 's Joseph, Miss Hilda, The Arachie Club, 60, Russell
Square, W,C.
1859 1904. Nov. *Lemm, John, 64, Queen^s Road, Central Hong Kong,
1870 1904^ Dec Lysteb, Eobert A., m.b., ch.b., b.sc, d.p.h., 20,
Hunters Road, Bir^mingham,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ASSOCIATES ELECTED. 203
Beg, Date of
No. Election.
*^^ 1904. Dec Mabsden, William Baines, Victoria Avenue, Slea-
ford, Lanes.
1872 2904i Dec* Muddiman, Joseph Dmry, Engineer's BepU^ Lond<yit
Countij Council, Spring Gaiyiens, S, W,
"^3 1904 j)qq^ Needham, James Easthope, Municipal Engineer's
Office, Shanghai, China,
"'* 1904. Dec. *Ebed, George, jKa«i5^a^e iToMse, Walter Street, Wel-
lington, New Zealand.
"'^^1904. Dee. ^Kenafd, Miss Elia, 38, Marchmont Street, Russell
Square, W,C,
1880 2904. Xov. *Samy, Arthur Poonoo, 64, Queen's Rood, Central
Hong Kong,
"'^' 1904. Dec. Shepherd, George G., Toivn Hall, llfm^d.
1870 ]^9()4^ j)^(j^ Shebidai^t, Francis Hastings, Assistani Engineer,
The Public Works Dept,, do Postma>ster, Lucknow,
Indict,
^••^^ 1904. Dec. 81MPSON, John, Chief Sanitary Inspector, Public
Health I)ept,, Bi'ishatie,
1*84 1904^ j)g(j SiTABAMA, S., C, ^- M. Station, Municipality,
Bangalore,
^'"1904. Dec. SoMMEBViLLE, David, d.p.h., 52, Neiv Cavendish
Street, W.
1856 2904^ Nov. Tanxeb, Sir Henry, i.s.o., f.b.i.b.a., f.s.i., Eoth-
hury, Brackley Road, Beckenham, Kent,
1875J2904. Dec. Thomas, Charles James, m.b., b.sc, d.p.h., 37,
Mount Nod Road, Streatham, S,W.
i3'9 1904. Dec. Tbesedeb, Francis Hugli, 30, Coivhndge Road,
Caidiff.
i8«2 2904. Dec. Weib, J. C, m.b., b.ch., 77, West Park, Eltham,
Kent,
1883 2904. Dec. AVhitakeb, H., Claremont Recim^ Road, Earn-
borough.
ASSOCIATES.
I Paased examination for Sanitary Inspector.
3381 2904. Dec. JAitken, Alexander, 50, Hillfield Street, GaUshead-
on-Tyne,
3378 2904. Dec. +Aldebson, Frank, Car Bank House, Willesboro\
Ashford, Kent.
3383 2904. Dec. JAllaway, Albert Edward, 3, Grosvemr Street,
Southsea,
;;377 2904, Nov. iA^DEBSOif, C, Town Office, Bloemfontein, Orange
River Colony, S,A,
3383 2904. Dec. JBabbitt, Miss Jesse Ellen, 26, Dingwall Road,
East Croydon,
3384 2904. Dec. JBasfobd, Albert Joseph, 43, Manor Street, Brain-
tree, Essex,
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
3360
33^7
204 ASSOCIATES BLEOTED.
Beg. Date of
No. Election.
''"'1904. Xov. JBattye, Joe, 9, Siioivdeii Terrace, Cavendish lioad,
Guiseley, Vorlcshire,
"''''1904. Dec. tBAYLEs/Kobert, 19, Udon Terrace, Jifew ^UUon
E.S.O,, Durham.
'''M904. Nov. i Bennett, Bomas, 52, Mon-isonJdll Bqad, Victoria,
Hoiig Koiig.
'="' 1904. Dec. Bevan, Mansel James, 31, Oxford Street, Sivansea.
'""1904. Dec. :!:B(>wers, Miss Helen Gwendolen, Health Dept.,
Guildhall, Notthigham,
'''' 1904. Nov. iCAERATT, Edwin, Harehills, Chaplin Road, LongUyii,
Staffs.
1904. Dec. iCASsiOT, Thomas, 21, South Street Park, Sheffield.
1904. Dec. iCoxNOLLY, James, 15, CaulfiM Place, Newry, Co.
Down, Ireland.
'"" 1904. Nov. JCoYSH, George William, The Sanitary Departmetvt,
Hong Kong.
''■^'1904. Dec. iDixox, Joseph Ernest, 34, ^elsmi Street, Bishop
Auckland.
'■'''''■' 1904. Dec. iEAToy, Bobert, 6, Hodson Street, Blachhum.
'•''' 1004. Dec. JFairclougn, Paul, Springfield Farm, Heath Char-
nock, near Chorley, Latics.
Z\ ^^^'^' ^^^' tQrA.^^ors, Miss Annie, Woodhorough, Nottingham.
3302 1904 jy^ i:GoRDoy, Alexander, 24, Docter Tei^ace, Bedlington,
Northumberland.
^'"'1904. Dec. iHALSALL, John Bobert, 45, Starkey Street, Hey-
tvood. Lams,
'=^^^^904. Dec. JHanson, Miss Ada, 302, Featherstall Road N.,
Oldham, Lanes.
''''1904. Dec. tHATTOX, Miss Mary Elizabeth, Glenthorn, Cross
Douglas Road, Cork.
""'l' 1904. Dec. tHawley, Thomas, Monyash, Bakeivell, Derby.
'^^^ 1904. Nov. iHoBBS, J. S., 61, New Road, PorUmouth, Hanqjshire.
'^•''^1904. Nov. JHoDGSON, Henry Tindle, 9, Wentworth 'Terrace^
Millfield, Sunderland.
3^3"^ 1904. Dec. + Jackson, Samuel, 38, Hardres Street, Ramsgate.
'"*1904. Dec. iJoiiNSTON, John Emerson, Surveyor, Bedlington,
Northumberland.
1904. Dec. iLoNGSTAFF, Jolm Thomas, Public Works Dept.,
Hong Kong, (hina.
1904. Dec. +LuNN, Percy, Darnngton, Pontefract, York.
1904. Dec. JMabk, Miss A. M. M., 4, Holyrood Place, TJie Hocy
Plymouth,
'"'-1904. Dec. JMuLCASTER, Joshua, 5, \Vard Street, Nethei-tm, near
Maryport, Cumb.
■'*°'1904. Dec. JNoRRis, Bichard, Sw-veyor and Impector, Prescoty
Thanes.
'*"U904. Dec. tCM-iHONY, Miss Mary. Laffana House, GooUs
Cross, Co. Tipperary.
'^'' 1904. Dec. JOrmbrod, Prank Andrew, 2, Warth Lane, Water--
foot, near Manchester.
339 !i
3400
3401
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
ASSOCIATES ELECTED. 205
Beg. Date of
No. Election.
""^ 1904. Nov. JEeidie, John, 10, Wyndham (Street^ Hong Kong.
3400 2904, Dec. iEoBixsoN, Trueman, 40, Skipton Road, Trawden,
near Colne,
'*"1904. Dec. JShaw, John William, Sanitary Inspector, King's
Lynn, Norfolk.
'^^"1904. Dec. JSmith, Charles Algerpon, 62, Mill Lane, Ma4:cles-
jield.
3173 1904, Xov. JSULLIVAN, Miss Finola, 10, Elnia Terrace, Sandy-
mount Avenue, Balls Bridge, Dublin.
»iofl 1904. Dec. ^Thompson, Frank, Hollyside, Green Lams, Krding-
ton, Birmingham.
''•^"* 1904. Nov. tYoKBS, Laurence, 15, Alliance Avenue, Newi'ngton,
Hull.
'**n904. Dec. tWALKEB, Charles, 17, New Street, Idle, Bradford.
'•'''1904. Nov. J Whale, Henry, Edison Road, Rondehosch, Cape
Colony.
^"^1904. Dec. JAViLLACY, Herbert, 105, Westhy Street, Lyiliam,
Lanc9.
''•' 1904. Nov. tWooLLEY, William Henry, 44, Elgin Street, Hong
Kong.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
206 OONTBIBUTIONS TO LIBBABT.
CONTRIBUTIONS AND ADDITIONS TO LIBRARY.
DUBINO NOVBMBBB AND DbCBMBBB, 1904.
*^* F<yr 2yMicatwn8 of Societies and Listitutions, ^c, see under
" Academies,'"
ACADEMIES (Amebican).
Philadelphia. American Climatological Association .Transactions
for year 1904, Vol. XX. 287 pp., 8vo. Philadelphia, 1904.
TJie Association.
Washington. American Institute of Architects. Proceedings of the
Thirty-seventh Annual Convention, 1903. 214 pp., Svo. Wash-
ington, 1904. 'The Institute.
ACADEMIES (Bbitish).
London. City of London College, Calendar for 1904-5. 193 pp.,
Svo. London, 1904. The College.
Institution of Civil Engineers. Minutes and Proceedings,
with other selected and abstracted papers. Vol. CLVII., 1903-4.
475 pp. (Plates), Svo. London, 1904. The Institution.
Institution of Civil Engineers. Minutes and Proceedings,
Adth other selected and abstracted papers. Vol. CLVIII. 504 pp.
(Plates), Svo. London, 1904. The Institutimi.
Eoyal Institute of British Architects. Calendar for the years
1904-1905. 384 pp., Svo. London, 1904. The Institute.
University College. Calendar for 1904-1905. 452 pp., Svo.
London, 1904. ^ The College.
ACADEMIES (Eueopban).
Amsterdam. Royal Academy of Sciences. Proceedings of the Sec-
tion of Sciences. Vol. VI., Parts I. and II. S46 pp., Svo.
Amsterdam, 1904. The Secretary of Academy.
Koninklijke AJcademie van IVetenschappen. Verslag van de
Gewone Vergaderingen der Wis-en Natuurkundige afdeeling van
30 Mei tot 2S November, 1903. Deel XII., l'** and 2^« Gedeelte.
1,009 pp., Svo. Amsterdam, 1904.
The Secretaire General de V Academic.
Annstrong, H, K, D.Hy. Eeport on Smallpox in relation to Va-
grancy in England and Wales during the year 1904. 63 pp., fcp.
Newcastle, 1904. The Author.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
CONTEIBFTIONS TO LIBBAEY. 207
Blackburn. Eeport on Infectious Diseases in Blackburn Schools,
by Alfred Greenwood, M.D., D.P.H. 168 pp., 8vo. Blackburn,
1904. The Author,
Board of Agriculture and Fisheries. Agricultural Eeturns, 1904.
(Acreage and live stock.) 66 pp., 8vo. London, 1904.
The Board.
Cairo, Ministry of Public Instruction, Records of the Egyptian
Government School of Medicine. Vol. II. 172 pp. (Plates), 4to.
Cairo, 1904. The Director.
Chicago. Department of Public Health, Vital Statistics for the
years 1899 to 1903 inclusive. 128 pp., 8vo. Chicago, 1904.
A. B, Beynolds, M,D,
Dublin. Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction for
Ireland, Programme for Day Secondary Schools. Courses in
Domestic Economy, Experimental Science, and Drawing. 8vo.
Dublin, 1904. The Secretary of the Department,
Factories and Workshops. Annual Beport of the Chief Inspector
for the year 1903. Part II. (Tables). 45 pp., fcp. London,
1904. A. Whitelegge, C.B., M,D,, D.PM,
Geological Survey. Memoirs and Summary of Progress, and Mu-
seum of Practical Geology, for 1903. 196 pp., 8vo. London,
1904. The Survey.
Jena. Handbuch der Hygiene in Zehn Banden. 1,077 pp., 8vo.
Jena, 1904.
Khartoum. Department of Education, Soudan Government, First
Beport of the Welcome Besearch Laboratories at the Gordon
Memorial College. 83 pp., 4to. Khartoum, 1904.
A, Balfour, M,D,, D,P,H., Director,
Local Government Board. Dr. H. Timbrell Bulstrode's Beport to
the Local Government Board upon Sanitary Administration in
the Itchen Urban District, and upon the Prevalence of Enteric
Fever therein. 18 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
W, H, Power, C,B., F.B.8.
Dr. J. Spencer Low's Beport upon the Sanitary Circum-
stances and Administration of the Eight Sanitary Districts
comprised within the Penzance Begistration District. 36 pp., fcp.
London, 1904.
Beport on the Destruction of Bats and Disinfection on
Shipboard, by J. S. Haldane, M.D.,F.B.S., and John Wade, D.Sc.
27 pp., fcp. London, 1904. W. H. Poiver, C.B., F,B.S.
London County CounciL Beport of the Medical Officer presenting
the Beport by Dr. Hamer on the use of Ice and on Cold Storage
in London. 13 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
The Cleric of the Council,
London, City of. Public Health Department, Beport of the Sani-
tary Committee re Hairdressers* and Barbers' Establishments.
21 pp., fcp. London, 1904. W, CoUingridge, M.D., D.P.H,
^McMillan, Miss M, Education Through the Imagination. 196 pp.,
8vo. London, 1904. Miss B. McMillan,
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208 CONTEIBUTIONS TO LIBRARY.
MEDICAL OFFICERS OF HEALTH AND OTHEE
SANITARY EEPORTS.
Aberdeen, Oct. & Nov., 1904 Matthew Hay, M,D.
Glasgow, 1903 . . , . A. K, Chalmers, M.D., D.PM.
Lancaster (County), 1903 . . E. Sergeant, M.O.H.
London (City of), Four weeks
ending Oct. 25tli, 1904 ; four
Meeks ending Nov. 12th,
1904 W. Collincjridge, M,A., M.D.
Nottinghamshire C.C, 1903 . H. ffandford, Jtf.Z)., D.P.H.
Staffordshire C.C, 1903 . . G. Beid, M.D,, D.PM.
Helbonme. Metropolitan Board of Works. Engineer-in-Chief s Ke-
port for the ye^rs 1901-1903. 171 pp., fcp. Melbourne, 1904.
W. Thwaites, MJnst.CE.
Newman, Geo,, JSLD., D,P,H. Bacteriology and the Public Health
Third Edition. Price 21/- 498 pp., 8vo. London, 1904.
J, Murray (publisJier)
New South Wales. Eeport of the Board of Health on Leprosy for
the year 1903. 31 pp., Svo. Sydney, 1904.
J, Ashhurton Thompson, M.D,
New York. State Department of Health. Twenty-third Annual
Eeport for tlie year 1902. 925 pp., Svo. Albany, 1903.
Maps for the year 1902. Parts I. and II. Albany, 1903.
The Department,
Ontario. Provincial Board of Health, Annual Eeports for the
years 1884, 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892, 1902, 1903. 8vo.
Toronto. Chas, A, Hodgetts, M.D.
Paris. The International Sanitary Convention of 1903. Trans-
lated bv Theodore Thomson, M.D. 37 pp., fcp. London, 1904.
W, H, Power, C.B,, F.EJS.
Prefecture du Departenunt de la Seine, Direction Adtninis-
trative des Travaux de Paris, Notes a TAppui du compte des
depenaes de TExercice, 1903. 243 pp., 4to. Paris, 1904.
Tlie Bureau,
Scotland. Forty-eighth Detailed Annual Eeport of the Eegistrar-
General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages in Scotland (Abstracts
of 1902). 571 pp., 8vo. Glasgow, 1904.
The Registrar' General.
Starkey. T, A,, M.B,Lond, Epidemic Diarrhosa. Eeprinted from
the Montreal Medical Joumobl, July, 1904. 5 pp., 8vo. Montreal,
1904. The Author.
Toronto. Twenty-second Annual Eeport of the Provincial Board
of Health of the Province of Ontario for the year 1903. 105 pp.,
Svo. Toronto, 1904. Chas. A. Hodgetts, M.D.
Weylf Th., Med, Dr. Zur Geschichte der Sozialen Hygiene. 268 pp.,
Svo. Jena, 1904. The Author^
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PABKES MUSEUM 3fEW BUILDING FUND.
209
In addition to the books presented to the Library, the following
works connected with Sanitary Science have been published during
the quarter : —
Dodd, F. L. The Problem of the Milk Supplv. Bailliore, Tindall &
Cox.
Halliburton, W. 2)., M.D.Lond,, F.KS. Biological Chemistry of
Mnscle and Nerve. London : J. Murray.
Behring, Prof. E, von. The Suppression of Tuberculosis. London :
Chapman & Hall.
Bergey, D. H., M.D, The Principles of Hygiene. W. B. Saunders
&Co.
Christopher, Lt. S. R,, M.B, Scientific Memoirs of Officers of the
Medical and Sanitary Departments of the Government of India.
Wright, A. E,, M,D, A Short Treatise on Anti-Typhoid Inocula-
tion. A. Constable & Co., Ltd.
Macmorran, A., and Wills, W. A, Laws Eekting to Sewers and
Drains. Butterworth & Co.
Gonnmgham, B, First Stage of Building Construction. W. B.
Clive.
Notes on Building Construction. Longman & Green.
PARKES MUSEUM NEW BUILDING AND
ENDOWMENT FUND.
PHELIMINABY LIST OF DONATIONS.
Amounts already reported :
Capital allotted
Vice-Presidents
Members of Council . .
Members and others . .
To the Dotiglas Galton Gallery
Additional amounts since last Report .
Mr. T. J. Fisher
Mr. F. W. King
£ 8. d.
9,000
258
95 6
665 13
145 10
£10,164 9
1 1
1 1
£10,166 11
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JODRHAL of THE ROYAL SABITARY IH STITDTE.
VOL. XXV. PAKT IV. JANUARY, 1905.
Contentd: »▲««
Table of Contents and List of Illustrations to Vol. XXV. ..... iv
List of Congresses held by the Institute and Officers ....... xi
Sessional Meetinirs—
Discussion on Infectious Fever Hospitals, opened by B. E. Lauder,
r.Il.C*8.B., D.P.H* . 1017
Conferenqe on recent Educational Developments —
Address by Eev. H. B. Gray, D.D. 1033
Paper by Alfred Greenwood, M.D., d.p.h 1039
Paper by J. Osborne Smith, f.b.i.b.a. 1049
Some Present-day Aspects of Conservancy Systems, by Philip Boobbyer,
M.P., M.S., M.B.C.6 1068
Water Supply of West African Towns, by Henry Jleeve, c.m.ci. .... 1057
Decisions of Council re Besolutions passed at Glasgow Congress . v . . 1063
Notes on Legislation and Law Cases 1084
Index to Law C^es 1086
Oenepal Index 1087
Reviews of Books—
The Sanatorium Treatment of Consumptives, by T. N. Kelynack,
M.D., P.B.CP. .................. 179
Physical Deterioration, its Causes and its Cure, by A. Watt Smyth . 180
Articles relating to Public Healtli appearing in the varioos British and
Foreign Journals and Transaetions. Ahura^s of Titles 1^51
Meetings held by the Institute :
Examinations 186
Candidates who hare received Certificates 18^
Examination Questions 190
Fortheoming Meetings of the Institute—
Conference on School Hygiene . 195
Annual Dinner 195
Sessional Meetings 195
Lectures to Sanitary Officers 196
Practical Training for Meat Inspectors . . . . . 196
Special Course of Food and Meat Inspection . . 196
^ Applied Hygiene for School Teachers 196
Examinations 197
Calendar, January — April, 1906 198
Fellow, Members, and Associates Elected 202
Contributions to Library during November and December, 1904 .... 206
Parlies Museum New Building and Endowment Fund 209
agents (or tbe eale ot tCbe Soumal Bbroad:—
AUSTRALIA.— Ed WABD A* Pbthebick, 380, Bourke Street, Melbourne; 333, Gearse
Street, Sydney; 144. Rundle Street, Adelaide.
FRANCB.— H. Wbltbr, 69, Rue Bopaparte, Paris.
NORTH EASTERN EUROPE.— W H. Kuhl, 7S J^g^r StniMe. Berlin,)gle
THE
TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS,
I904,
WILL BE HELD AT
C3- Xj JL S a- O "VST,
From JULY 25th to 30th.
GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS.
ADDRESSES AND LECTURES.
President's Inaugural Address.
Lecture to the Congress,
Popular Lecture.
SECTIONS.
A.—Section L Sanitary Science and Preventive
Medicine.
B. — Section II. Engineering and Architecture.
C— Section III. Chemistry, Physics, and Biology.
CONFERENCES.
D. — Of Municipal Representatives-
E. — On Industrial Hygiene.
F.— Of Medical Officers of Health.
G. — Of Engineers and Surveyors to County and
Sanitary Authorities.
H. — Of Veterinary Inspectors.
J. — Of Sanitary Inspectors.
K. — Of Ladies on Hygiene.
L— On the Hygiene of School Life.
EXHIBITION.
An Exhibition of Apparatus and Appliances relating
to Health and of Domestic use will be held in
connection with the Congress.
PAPERS AND DISCUSSIONS.
The Council invite Papers on subjects relating to Health and
Sanitary Science. Papers are limited to about 3,000 words. Accepted
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2
papers are, as far as possible, printed and distributed in the Becep-
tion Boom before tbej are discussed, and at the Meeting they are
taken as read. Authors are allowed five minutes to introduce the
main arguments of the paper before the discussion begins. A short
abstract must accompany every Paper, both for the convenience of
the Press at the Congress and for insertion, subject to the approval
of the Council, in the Journal of the Institute, should it not be
deemed desirable to publish the paper in extenso. No previously
published Paper can be accepted. The acceptance of Papers, and
the days on which they are to be discussed, are determined by the
Council before the beginning of the Meeting, and published in the
Daily Programmes, obtainable in the Beception Boom. The Council
reserve the right of refusing any Papers sent in ; and in the case
of those accepted, the discussion of them must depend on the time
at the disposal of the Meeting. Papers accepted for the Congress
cannot be published by the Authors, except by permission of the
Council. The Council reserve to themselves the privilege of printing
any Paper, either wholly or in part, or of refraining from the pub-
lication thereof, if they see fit.
Authors should forward their manuscript by post as early as
possible^ and in any ease not later than June 27th, addressed to the
Secretary, Sanitary Institute, Margaret Street, London, W.
RESOLUTIONS.
Besolutions put from the Chair at the Meetings must only be in
the form of recommendations to the Council of the Institute, by
whom all such recommendations will be carefully considered. The
number of persons present, and the proportions voting, must be
recorded by the Chairman for the information of the Council.
No Besolution can be proposed at any of the Sections or Con-
ferences, unless sent to the Secretary of the Section or Conference in
time for approval and insertion in the Programme for the day on which
it is to be proposed.
No Besolutions can be put to a Meeting unless, in the opinion of
the President (or Chairman for the time being), the Section is
adequately represented.
RECEPTION ROOM AND PLACES OF
MEETING.
A Beception Boom will be opened at The UNiVEESiTr, on
Monday, July 25th, at Noon, and on the following days at 9 a.m.,
for the issue of all Tickets in connection with the Congress. The
Beception Boom will be available for Beading, Writing, and Con-
versation.
The Inaugural Address of the President and the Lecture to the
Congress will be given in The St. Andrew's Hall.
The Sectional Meetings, General Meetings, and Conferences will
be held in The University.
Popular Lectures will be given at The Exhibition.
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3
HOTEL AND LODGING ACCOMMODATION, AND
TRAVELLING ARRANGEMENTS
Will be determined by the Local Committee, and information relating
to the same may be obtained from the Local Secretary, and from the
Secretary of the Institute.
TICKETS.
Fellows, Members, and Associates of the Institute, are supplied
with Tickets for the Congress on application to the Secretary before
the Congress, or may be obtained at the Eeception Boom during the
Meeting.
To those not connected with the Institute, Congress Tickets will
be issued, entitling the holder to the use of the Eeception Eoom, to
admission to the Presidential and other Addresses, to all Meetings,
to the Exhibition of the Institute, to any Conversazione given by
the Institute, and copies of the Quarterly Journal of the Institute
containing the proceedings of the Congress. The price of the
Congress Tickets is £1 Is. each. Ladies' Tickets (not including
copies of the Proceedings), 7s. 6d. each. These Tickets may be
obtained at the Office of the Local Secretary at The Citt Cham-
bers, Glasgow, or at the Offices of The Institute, 72, Margaret
Street, London, W.
EXCURSIONS.
Particulars of these, will be published in the local Programme, and
Tickets and List of Places to be visited can be obtained at the
Reception Boom during the Meeting.
RAILWAY ARRANGEMENTS.
The Railway Companies have decided to issue return Tickets to
Glasgow at a single fare and a quarter, available from July 16th
to August 2nd. Certificates necessary to obtain this reduction will
be supplied with Congress Tickets.
During the meeting, return Tickets at a single fare and a quarter
for the double journey will be issued to members of the Congress,
on production of their Congress Tickets, from Glasgow to stations
not more than fifty miles distant — (minimum charge Is.).
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#f5ars oi tlgt €mQXtnB.
pre0f5ent.
RT. HON. LORD BLYTHSWOOD, LL.D.
Lord-lieutenant of Renfrewshire.
lDlce*prc0l5cnt0.
ALLAN, B. S., Ohairman, Glasgow School
Board.
ANDERSON, Councillor W. P., j.p.
AETHUB, Sir MATTHEW, Bart., D.L., j.p.
BAIBD, J. G. A., M.P , D.L., J.L,
BELHAVEN & STENTON. The Lord, d.l.
BELL, Sir JAMES, Bart., D.L., J.P.
CAMEEON, Sir CHABLES, M.D., Dublin.
CAMPBELL, The Bt. Hon. J. A., m.p.,d.l.
OHISHOLM, Sir SAMUEL, Bart., D.L., J.P.
CLABE, Professor H. E., 0.1I.O., M.B.C.R., St.
Mungo's College, President of the Faculty
of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow.
OLOUSTON, THOMAS, M.D., F.R.C.P.B., Presi-
dent of The Boyal College of Physicians of
Edinburgh.
COPLAND, W. B., O.H., Chairman of Tech-
nical College.
COBBETT, A. CAMEBON, M.P., J.P.
OBAWFOBD. BOBEBT, LL.D., D.L., J.P.
OBOSS, ALEXANDEB, M.P.
OUTHBEBTSON, Sir JOHN NEILSON, D.L.
DICKSON, The Bt. Hon. CHABLES SCOTT,
K.O.. M.P., Lord Advocate for Scotland.
DUNGLASS, Lord, d.l.
GLASGOW, The Bight Hon. the Earl of,
G.C.M.G., LL.D.
GBAHAM, ALLAN GBAHAM BABNS. D.L.,
Chairman, County Council of Lanarkshire.
GUTHBIE, WILLIAM, LL.D., Sheriff of the
County of Lanark.
HAMILTON AND BBANDON, His Grace
the Duke of, d.l.
HAMILTON, The Lord, of Dalzell, d.l.
HOME, Earl of, K.T., Lord-Lieutenant of
Lanarkshire.
HOZIEB, The Hon. JAMES, M.P., D.L.
INVEBCLYDE, Lord, d.l.
KELVIN, The Bight Honourable the Lord,
O.M., G.C.V.O., M.D.(HON.), LL.D., F.B.S., D.L.
KING, Sir JAMES, Bart., ll.d., D.L.^
LAMINGTON, Lord, G.C.M.G., D.L. I ^^
LAW, A. BONAB. M.P.
LITTLE JOHN, Sir HENBY, M.D.. LL.D. | »
MAXWELL, Sir JOHN M. STIBLING, Bart.,
of Pollok, M.P., D.L.
McKILLOP, WILLIAM. M.P.
MITCHELL, JAMES DENNISTOUN, D.L.,
B.sc, B.A.OXON., B.C.L., LL.B., Convener
Upper Ward District Committee of Lan
arkshire C.C.
NEWLANDS, The Lord, d.l.
OVEETODN, The Lord, d.l., j.p.
PBIMBOSE, Sir JOHN UBE, Bart., Hon.
Lord Provost, Glasgow.
BENSHAW, Sir CHABLES BINE, Bart.,M.p,
BICHMOND, Sir DAVID, d.l.
EUSSELL, J. B., M.D., LLJ)., Local Govern-
ment Board of Scotland.
BUTHVEN, The Hon. the Master of, d.l.
SMITH, J. PABKEB, M.P., D.L.
STOBY, The Very Bev. Principal, D.D., LL.D.,
the University.
TENNANT, Sir CHABLES, Bart., D.L.
WATSON, Sir PATBICK HEBON, Presi-
dent of the Boyal College of Surgeons of
Edinburgh.
WILSON, JOHN, M.P.
Cbafrman of Xocal Committee.
Sir John Ube Primrose, Bart., Lord Provost.
lt)fee«»(Ibaftmatu
Councillor W. F. Anderson, j.p.
1bon* Xocal n;rea0urer.
Jambs Nicol, D.L., City Chamberlain.
Xocal Secretarg^
John Lindsay, Solicitor and Clerk, Police Dept
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Xocal General Committee.
Chairman— sir John Ube Primrose, Bart., Lord Provost
Vice-Cftairman—OoxmdXLor W. P. Andbrson, J.P.
ADAMS, JAMES A, m.t)., f.f.p.s.g.
ADAMSON, Eev. THOMAS, d.d.
AIKMAN, Ool. T. S. Q. H. EOBEBTSON, D.L,
AITKEN, THOMAS, A.m.inst.cb.
ALEXANDEB, D. M., Writer.
ALEXANDEB, G.W., Glasgow School Board.
ALEXANDEB, (Councillor HUGH, J.P.
ALEXANDEB, Councillor JAMES, D.L., J.P.
ALEXANDEB, Bev. JOHN, M.JL., Chaplain,
H.M. Prison.
AliLAN, JAMES W., M.B., Physician, Boyal
Inflrmarv, GlaR«?ow.
ALLAN, B. S., Chairman Glasgow School
Board.
ALLAN, B., L.H.C.P.EDIN., Medical Oflflcer of
Health, Dumbarton.
ALLISON, JOHN, Lanarkshire C.C.
ANDEBSON, Bev. JOHN. M.A., b.d., Maryhill
School Board.
ANDEBSON, JOHN, a.m.inst.O.e.
ANDEBSON. JOHN, Writer, Sec, Glasgow
and West of Scotland Association for Pre-
vention of Consumption.
ANDERSON, JOHN, Jun., PL.
ANDEBSON, JOHN LOCKE, Dumbarton-
shire CO.
ANDEBSON, ProvoPt. of Greenock.
ANDEBSON, Councillor BOBEET, J.P.
ANDEBSON. Prof. T. M'CALL, M.D., Uni-
versity of Qla'^gow.
ANDEBSON, Mrs. M'OALL.
ANDEBSON, Councillor W. F., J.P.
ANDEBSON, W. F. G., J.P.
ANDEBSON, Mrs. W. F. G.
ANDBEW, J. GRANT, M.B., CM.
ABMSTBONG, Bev. ROBERT, m.A.
AENOTT, Eev. W., Dennistoun, Glasgow.
ABTHUE, Sir MATTHEW, Bart., D.L., J.P.
BAIBD, ALLAN F., Writer.
BAIBD, DANL., Chairman, Glasgow Trades
Council.
BAIED, J. G. A., M.P., D.L., J.P.
BALFOUB, Sheriff.
BALLANTYNE, A.
BANNATYNE, MABK, Writer.
BABLOW, JOHN, MD., P.BC.8., Surgeon,
Eoval Inflrraary. Glasgow.
BABE, HENBY. Writer.
BARE, Prof., D.sc, University of Glasgow.
BAEBAS, JAMES, M.D., p.f.p.s.0.. Medical
Officer of Health, Govan.
BABEAS, W. G., m.d.,i,.8.8C., Govan.
BABEETT. F. T., City Librarian.
BATTEBSBY, Councillor JOHN, J P.
BAXTEB, Councillor, Chairman of Health
Committee of Greenock Corporation.
BAXTEB, JOHN, Vice-Chairman, Institute
of Measurers.
BAYNE, A. MALLOCH, Chairman, Ander-
son's College.
BEABDMOBE, WILLIAM, J.P.
BEATSON, G.T.. C.B., if .D., Phy8ician,Westem
Infirmary, Glasgow.
BELHAVEN A STENTON, The Lord, D.L.
BELL, Sir JAMES, Bart., D.L. J.P.
BELL, Lady.
BELL, ProvoRt, of Paisley.
BENNETT, Prof., ma., Anderson's College,
Secretary, Eoyal Philosophical Society.
BBNNETT, A. B., Manager, Corporation
Telephone Department.
BILSLAND, Councillor WILLIAM, D.L., J.P.
BISSETT, FBANCIS, Secretary, Victoria In-
firmary.
BLACK, Bev. JAMES, d.d.
BLACK, Surgeon-Major W. G., F.E.O.S.B.
BLACK, Mrs. W. G.
BLAIB. ALEX.. F.S.L
BLUE, Eev. A. W.
BOBLAND, Oonncillor WILLIAM, J.P.
BOBTHWICK, J. D., J.P., Treasurer, Police
Department.
BOWEB, Professor F. O., Hon. Scientiflc
Director of Botanic GardeuH.
BO WEBS, JOHN, Depute Town Clerk.
BOYD. Councillor JAMES.
BOYD, Sheriff.
BBAID, BOBEET, Dumbartonshire C.C.
BBEOHIN. Councillor HUGH, J.P.
BBEEZE, ConnciiJor GEOBGE BBODIE.
BREMNEB, Bev. HENRY, D.D., Partick.
BBEMNEB, BOBEET L., M.A., B.L.
BBODIE, WILLIAM, Writer.
BBOMHEAD, HOBATIO K , f.R.t B.A., and
I. A., President or Inntitute of Architects
BEOWN, Miss AGNES.
BBOWN, Bailie ALEXANDEB, J.P.
BEOWN, GEOBGE A., m.b.. d.p.h.CAMB.,
MetHcal Officer of Health, Partick.
BBOWN, HUGH, D.L., J.P.
BBOWN, ROBERT, H.D., PoUokshields,
Glasgow.
BBOWN, BOBEET, Fergu-lie, Paisley.
BBOWN, Councillor EGBERT, S.
BBOWN, BICHABD, Writer.
BEOWNE, Bailie BICHABD, J.P.
BBOWNLEE, JOHN, m.a., m.d., d.p.h.CAMB.,
Belvidere Hospital.
BEUCE, WILLIAM
BBYCE, JOHN, Engineer and Surveyor of
Partick.
BBYCE, THOMAS, M. A., m.b.,f.f.p.s.g., Queen
Margaret College. Glasgow.
BUCHANAN, GAVIN M., Begistrar.
BUCHANAN, FBANCIS C, Dumbartonshire
C.C.
BUCHANAN, B. M., MB., f.f.p.s.0., F.B.S.E.,
Bacteriologist, City of Glasgow.
BUCHANAN, WILLIAM. Registrar.
BURGESS, Councillor JOSEPH.
BUENETT. J. J., A.B.s.i.
BUENETT, Mrs. JOHN.
BUENET, Miss.
BUBNS, ALAN, Dumbartonshire C.C.
BUENS. Dr. JOHN, Fitzroy Place, Glasgow.
BUREELL, Bailie WILLIAM, J.P.
BUBT. PETEE, J.P.
CAIED, J AMES, Lanarkshire C.C.
CAIBNS, JAMES J., City Chambers.
CALDEE, JAMES, Dumbartonshire C C.
CALDEBWOOD, Councillor THOMAS, J.P.
CALDWELL, HUGH, Glasgow.
CAMEBON, Sir CHAS., Bart., d.l., Glasgow.
CAMERON, Professor Sir H.C., m.d., Univer-
sity of Glasgow.
CAMEBON, The Very Eev. Canon J.
CAMEBON, JAMES, l.d.s., f.p.s.O,
CAMEBON, J. W., M.B.. D.P.H., Veterinary
College. Glasgow.
CAMEBON. Prof. MUBDOCH, M.D.. F.P.P.8.O.,
Glssgow University.
CAMPBELL, ADAIB, j.p.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
Local General Co^uiTTEB^continiied.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. ADAIB.
CAMPBELL. ConncUlor ABOHIBALD
CAMPBELL, ABCH. T., M.B., CM.
CAMPBELL, The Bight Bey. ABOHIBALD,
D.D., Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway.
CAMPBELL, The Bt. Hon. J. A., m.p., p.l.
CAMPBELL, MATTHEW PEABCE. J.P.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. MATTHEW PEABCE.
CABMIGHAEL, NEIL, m.d., O.IC, F.F.P.8.G.,
Glasgow.
CABB, WILLIAM, H.B., L.B.0 8.B.
CABSTAIBS, Bev. G. L.
CABSWELL, JOHN, L.E.o.r.E., f.f.p.s.G , J.P.
CABS WELL, Counoillor MOBBIS.
OHALLIOE, Bev. W. H
CHALMEBS, ABCHIRALD, K., M.D., D.P.H.
GAME., F.F.p.8.a., Medical OfiQcer of Health,
City of Glasgow.
CHALMEBS, Mrs. A. E.
OHAMEN, W. A., Engimeer Electricity De-
partment.
OHISHOLM, Sir SAMUEL, Bart., d l-, j.p.
cms HOLM, Laay.
CHBISTIE. JOHN, Dumbartonshire C.C.
CHBISTIE, THOMAS CBAIG, d.l.
CHBISTIE. W. E., M.A., Glasgow.
CLAPPEBTON, ALAN E., b.l.
CLABE, Professor H. E.. C.M.G., V.B.C.S., St.
Mungo's College. President of the Faculty
of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow.
CLABE, Mrs. H. E.
CLELAND, Councillor OHAS. JOHN, J.P.
COATS. Bev. JEBVIS, D.D.
COATS, JOHN J., Writer.
COATS, W. OABDELL, Paisley
COOHBANE, J. F., Lanarkshire C.C.
COHEN, Councillor FBANE ISBAEL.
COLQUHOUN, ALAN JOHN, O.B,
COLQUHOUN, WALTER, M.B., CM.
CONNAL, J. GALBBAITfl, M.B., Anderson's
College.
CONNELL, Counoillor MICHAEL JOSEPH,
B.A., LL.B.
COPLAND, W. B., c B., Chairman, Technical
College.
COBBETT, A. OAMEaON, M.P., J.P.
COBBETT, Bev. JOSEPH, d.d.
COSTIGANE, J. STEWABT, j.p.
COnP£:B, DAVID, m.d.. Dennlstoun, Glasgow.
COUTTS, Councillor JAMES.
CBAIG, Bailie WILLIAM, Convener, Sani-
tary Committee, Pollokshaws.
CRAIGIE, JOHN A., Clerk, Govan School
Board.
CBAWFOBD, BOBEBT, LL.D., D.L., J.P.
CBOSS, ALEXANDEB. M.P., J.P.
CUMMING, JAMES SIMPSON, M.D.
CUMMINGS, Provost, Renfrew.
CUTHBEBTSON, Sir JOHN NEILSON, d.l.
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STEEL, Rev. JOHN, d.d.
STEVEN, Councillor HENRY, j.p.
STEVEN, J. LINDSAY, M.D., P.F.P.8.G.
Royal Infirmary.
STEVENSON, Councillor DANIEL MAC-
AULAY, J.P.
STEVENSON, Colonel JAMES, Lanarkshire
C.C.
STEVENSON, JAMES, M.D., d.p.h.OAMB.
F.F.P.8.&., Dumbartonshire C.C, Medical
Officer of Health Clydebank.
Digitized by LjOOQIC
10
Local General CouuiTm^'^ontimied, ,
STEVENSON, J. V., Chief Constable, Glas-
gow.
STEWART, ARCHIBALD, Oathctrt Parish
Council.
STEWART, Provost of Clydebank.
STEWART, CHARLES W., M.D., M.A,, D.P.H.
STEWART, Rev. HUGH.
STEWART, JAMES W., Dumbartonshire
CO.
STEWART, JOHN, M.D., c.M.
STEWART, Bailie PETER GORDON, J.P.
STEWART, ROBERT KING, D.L.
STEWART, THOMAS M., Writer.
STIRLING, ARCHIBALD, D.L.
STIRLING, THOMAS, Dumbartonchlre O.C
STOCKMAN, Prof.. M.D., p.r.o.p.e., F.B.S.B.,
University of Glasgow.
STORY, The Very Kev. R. H., D.D., lld.,
Principal, University of Glasgow.
STORY, Mrs.
STRACHAN, Sheriff.
STRANG, JAMES, Writer.
STRANG, J. T., Secretary, Charity Organ-
ization Society.
STUART, Colonel R. E. S. HARRINGTON
D.L.
SUTHERLAND, J. R., Engineer, Water
Department.
SWAN, MICHAEL, J.P,
SWANSON, JAMES, Professor M.A., m.b.,
St. Mango's College.
SWIFT, JOHN F.
SYSON, J. COOKBURN, 1C.D.
TAGGART, Bailie GEORGE, J.P.
TAINSH, Rev. JOHN.
TAYLOR, J. M., LL.D., Writer.
TAYLOR, Bailie JOHN, Clydebank.
TAYLOR, Rev. T. MOBCOM, B.i..
TAYLOR, Rev. W. ROSS, D.D.
TEMPLETON, JAMES, J.P.
TEMPLETON, JOHN STEWART, Dumbar-
tonshire C.C.
TEMPLETON, Rev. THOMAS, M.A.
TEMPLETON, WILLIAM, Lanarkshire C.C.
TENNANT, Sir CHARLES, Bart, D.L.
THOM, J. MAXTONE, M.B.. D.P.H. , Superin-
tendent, Glasgow Royal Infirmary.
THOM, ROBERT W., Dumbartonshire C.C.
THOMSON ANDREW, Sen., Cathcart Parish
Council.
THOMSON, GEORGE W., M.D., D.P.H.
THOMSON, GILBERT, M A., C.E.
THOMSON, Rev. JAMES, M.A.
THOMPSON, Sir JAMES, d.l.
THOMSON, Prof. R. S., ic.d., d.SC, F.F.P.S.G.,
Anderson's College.
THOMSON, Sheriff A. S. D.
THOMSON, THOMAS, Manager, Eddlewood
Collieries, Hamilton.
THOMSON, WILLIAM, Manager, Balha De-
partment
THOMSON, WILLIAM, Builder.
TINDAL, A. S., 1C.D., Glasgow.
TINDAL, D., M.D., P.F.P.8.ft., Glasgow.
TODD, JOHN, A., B.L., Writer.
TORRANCE, THOMAS D., Dumbartonshire
C.C.
TROTTER, A. M., M.B.O.V.8., Veterinary Sur-
geon, Corporation of Glasgow.
TULLIS. JAMES THOMSON, D.L., J.P.
TURRIFF, ACTON A.
UBE, Mrs. ROBERT.
WALLACE, JAS. M D., M.O.H , Greenock.
WALLACE, JAS., Dumbartonshire C.C.
WALLACE, Councillor WILLIAM, J.P.
WALLIS. ARTHUR G., C.R., M.8.I.
WARDEN, Councillor WILLIAM.
WATSON, Rev. DAVID.
WATSON, Bailie EDWARD, J.P.
WATSON, Prof. ROBERTSON, M.A., F.C.8.,
Anderson's College.
WATSON, Councillor THOMAS, D.L., J.P.
WATSON, WILLIAM. M.D., Cathcart School
Board
WAUCHOPE, ANDREW, M.B.
WEBSTER, Councillor HARRY CARVIOK
WEIR, E. ROBERTS, M.B.,B.so. (Pub. Health).
WELLS, Rev. JAMES, M.A., d.d.
WHITEL\W. ALEX., D.L.
WHITTON, JAS., Superintendent of Parks.
WILKIE, DAVID, Provost of Kirriemuir.
WILLIAMS, L. W., B.SO., Cathcart School
Board.
WILKIE, DANIEL, LM.
WILLOCK, Councillor JAMES, J.P.
WILLOX, Bailie DAVID.
WILSON, ALEX., Manager, Gas Depart-
ment
WILSON, JAMES, Cathcart School Board.
WILSON, JAMES A., M.D., D.P.H.OAIIB.,
Sprim?bum.
WILSON, JOHN, M.B.
WILSON, JOHN, M p.
WILSON. JOHN T., M.D., D.P.H.CAMB. M.O.H.,
Lanarkshire.
WILSON, ROBERT, J.P., Provost of PoUok-
WOODROW, ALEX , Dumbartonshire C.C.
WOODSIDE, Rev. DAVID, B.D.
WORKMAN, Prof. C bl ARLES, M.D., P.F.P.S.G.,
Royal Infirmary, Glasgow.
WRIGHT, R. PATRICK, Principal, Glasgow
and West of Scotland Agricultural College
WYLIE, ALEX, M.P.
YELLO WLEES, D., M.D., LL.D., University Of
Gla.sgow.
YOUNG, A. A.
YOUNG, ARCHIBALD, M.B., B.SO.
YOUNG, JAMES, Govan Parish Council
YOUNG, JOHN, Manager, Tramways De-
partment.
YOUNG. T. C, Writer.
YUJLL, W., ASSO0.M.IN8T.0.B,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
11
Biecutive Committee.
Sir John Uek Pbimrosb, Bart., Lord Provost, Chairman,
Councillor "W. P. Andkbson, j,p., Vice-Chairman.
ALEXANDEB, D. M.
ALEXANDER, G. W., Clerk, Glasgow School
Board.
ALEXANDER, Councillor H., j.p.
ALEXANDER, Councillor JA.S., d.l., j.p.
ALLAN, R. S.. Chairman of Glasgow School
Board.
ANDERSON, Rev.. JOHN^, H.A., B.D.
ANDERSON, Mrs. M'OALL.
ANDERSON, Councillor a, J.P
ANDERSON, Councillor W. F., J.P.
ANDERSON, W. F. G., J.p.
ANDERSON. Mrs. W. F. G.
ARTHUR, Sir MATTHEW, Bart., D.L., J.P.
BAIRD, DANIEL.
BARR, Professor, D.SG.
BATTERS BY, Councillor, J.P.
BAYNE, A. MALLOCH.
BEARDMORE, WM.,j.p.
BENNETT, Professor M. A.
BELL, Lady.
BILSLAND, Councillor, d.l., J.p.
BLACK, Mrs W. G.
BORLAND, Councillor WM., J.P.
BOWERS, JOHN, Depute Town-Clerk.
BOYD. JAMES.
BOYD, Councillor JAMES.
BRECHIN, OounciUor HUGH, J P.
BREEZB, Councillor G. B.
BROMHEAD, HORATIO K., F.B.I.B.A.&I.A,
BROWN, Miss AGNES.
BROWN, Bailie ALEXANDER, J.P.
BROWN, HUGH, D.L., J.P.
BROWME, Bailie RICHARD, J.P.
BROWN, ROBERT, Ferguslie, Paisley.
BROWN, Councillor R. S.
BUCHANAN, R. M., M.B., F.F.p.s.G.
BURGESS, Councillor J.
BURNETT,J. J.,A.B8.A.
BURNETT, Mrs. JOHN.
BURNET, Miss.
BURRELL, Bailie WILLIAM, J.P.
BURT, PETER, J.p.
CAIRNS, JAMES J.
OALDER WOOD, Councillor THOMAS, J.P.
CAMERON, Professor Sir H. C, M.D.. ll.d.
CAMERON, Professor MURDOCH, M.D.,
p.p.P 8.G.
CAMPBELL, Councillor A
CAMPBELL, Mrs. ADAIR.
CAMPBELL, The Right Rer. ARCHD., D.D.
CAMPBELL, ARCHD. T., M.B., CM.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. PEAROE.
CARR, WILLIAM, m.b., L.B.C.S.E.
CARSWELL, JOHN, F.F.P.s.o., L.B.C.P.BDIN.
OABSWELL, Councillor M , J.P.
CHALMERS, A K.,MJ).,D.P.H.CAKB.,F.F.P.S.a.
CHALMERS, Mrs. A. K.
CHISHOLM, Sir SAMUEL, Bart, d.l., j.p.
CHISHOLM, Lady.
CHRISTIE, W. E., M.A.
CLARK, Professor H. E., O.M.O., M.B.O.S., Pre-
sident of the Faculty of Physicians and
Surgeons, Glasgow.
CLABE, Mrs. H. E.
OLELAND, Councillor, J.P.
COATS, W. H. CARDELL, Paisley.
COHEN, Councfllor FRANK L
CONNELL. Councillor M. J.. B.A., LL.B.
CORBETT, A. CAMERON, M.P., j.p.
CORBETT, Rev. JOSEPH, d.d.
COSTIGANE, J. T. S IE WART, J.P.
COUPER, DAVID, 1C.D.
COUTTS, CouncUlor.
CRAIGIE JOHN A.
CRAWFORD, ROBERT, LL.D., D.L., J.P.
DALRYMPLE, J. D. G.
DANSKEN, JOHN, i.M., P.8.I.
DAVIDSON, JOHN, j.p.
DAVIDSON, Mrs. MARK.
DICK, Councillor J AS., J.P.
DICKIE, ReT, DAVID.
DOTT, GEO.
DOUGAN, WILLIAM, M.D., J.P.
DUN, W. G., M,D., F.F.P 8.0.
DUNNE, GEO. D.
DUNLOP, Bailie A. M., j.p.
DUNLOP, NATHANIEL, D.L., J.P.
DUNLOP, CounclUor THOS.
EDINGTON, GEORGE H., M.D., l£.R.O.S.„
F.F.P.8.0.
EDWARDS, Mrs.
ERSKINE. JAMES, M.A., M.B.
FERGUS, FREELAND, M.D., F.B.S.B.,
F F P S G
FERGUSON, Councillor, j.p.
FINLAY, BaUie WM., J.P.
FLEMING, JAMES, J.P.
FORBES, ANDREW,
FORSYTH, Councillor.
FORTUNE, DAVID, j.p.
FRAME, Mrs.
FRASER, Councillor JAMES.
FREER, Walter.
FYFE, PETER.
FYFE, Mrs. PETER.
GALLOWAY, Miss.
GALT, Professor, m.b., cm., d.p.h.oamb.
GAREY, Councillor, M.R.C.S.. J.P.
GIBSON. Councillor A. SCOTT.
GILDEA, Mrs.
GLAISTER, Professor, M.D., D.P.H.OAMB.,
F.F.P.S.G., F.B.8.E.
GLAISTER, Mrs.
GOLDIE, Deacon-Convener.
GOURLAY, Mrs. ROBERT.
GOW, Mrs. LEONARD.
GRAHAM, A. G. BARNS, D.L.
GRAHAM, Councillor, d.l., j.p.
GRAHAM, MATTHEW.
GRAHAM, MICHAEL.
GRAY, Councillor d.l., J.p.
GREENLESS, Mrs.
GREIG, Mrs.
GUEST, Councillor.
GUNN, Rev. G. G., M.A.
HAMILTON. ALEX.
HANNAY, Mre. MAXWELL.
HARRIS, F. W., F.0.8.
HEDDERWICK, EDWIN C.
HEDDERWICK, Mrs. E. C.
HEDDERWICK, J. D., J.P.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
12
BxiccuTiVB CoMMiTTEB — contmtted,
HBDDEBWIOK, Mrs. J. D.
HENDERSON. Councillor JAMES, J.P.
HE WAT, ANDREW, J.P.
HUNTER. Councillor JAMES, J.P.
HUNTER, THOS. F.
INVERCLYDE, Lord, D.L.
INVERCLYDE, Lady.
lEWIN, Miss.
JACKS, WILLIAM, LL.D., J.P.
JACKS, Mrs.
JOHNSTON, Mrs.
JOHNSTON, ALEX., M.D.
JOHNSTON, HENRY.
JOHNS TONE, CouncUlor JAMES.
KAY, ARTHUR, J.P.
EEDIE, Mrs.
KENNEDY, Councillor.
KERR, JOHN G., H.A., LL.D.
KER, Miss P.M.
KIEP, Mrs.
KING, Lady.
KING, JOHN, J.P.
KING, ROBERT, J.P.
KIRKPATRICK, Councillor.
KIRKWOOD, Mrs.
KNIGHT, JOHN, M.D., D.P.H.OAMB.
LAMBERTON, HUGH, J.P.
LAUGHLIN, Rev. A. O.
LINDSAY, J.
LINDSAY, Mrs. JOHN.
LOW, ISAAC.
MACARA, JOHN S.
M'ARLY, THOMAS, J.P.
MoCALL, Prof.
M'COLL, D.
M'CUTCHEON, Treasurer, J.P.
M' DONALD, A. B., idHST.O.B.
MACEWAN, Idiss.
MACE WEN, Sir WILLIAM, 1LD.,LL.D.,F.B.8.
MACEWEN. Lady.
M*FARLAN, Provost of Dumbarton.
M'PARLANE, Councillor JAMES, J.P.
MAOPARLANE, Councillor JOHN, D.L., J.P.
MAGUIRE, Most Rev. JOHN A., D.D.
M'INTYRE, JOHN J.
M'KENDRICK, Professor, ILO., LL.D. y.B.S.
MACKENZIE, T R.
M'KIM, GKORGE B., c.A.
MACKINTOSH, D. J., M.V.O., M.B.
MACLACHLAN, GEORGE.
MACLAREN, Rev. ARCHIBALD.
MCLAUGHLIN, MICHAEL J., L.B.C.P. A 8.E.,
J.P.
MACLAY, Councillor J. P., J.P.
MACLAY, CouncUlor WILLIAM, J.P.
MACLEAN, Professor MAGNUS, M.i.., D.80.,
P.B.S.E., M.I.E.B.
MACLEOD, Rev. DONALD, D.D.
M'LEOD, Mrs. JOHN M.
M'LINTOCK, THOMSON, J.P.
MANN, Jr., Mrs. JOHN.
MARTIN, Councillor J. H., J.P.
MARTIN, Councillor WILLIAM.
MAR WICK, Sir JAMES, D., LLD., D.L
MARWICK, Miss.
MASON, THOMAS, J.P.
MASON, Mrs. GEORGE.
MAXWELL, Depute River Bailie SHAW.
MENZIES, JAMES V. D., J.P.
MIDDLETON, GEORGE, M.A., ll.b.
MILLER, Rev. D., D d.
MILLER, Councillor H. J., L.D.8.
MILLER, Bailie JOHN FULTON, J.P.
MITCHELL, Bailie GEOEGE, J.P.
MITCHELL, CouncUlor R. M., D.L., J.P.
MONRO, Prof. T. K., M.A., m.d., f.f.p.s G.
MONTGOMERIE, CouncUlor M. W.
MONTGOMERIE, ROBERT, J.P.
MOTION, JAMES R.
MUIB, Professor, M d., F.E.O.P.B.
MUIB Bev. P. M'ADAM, D.D.
MUNBO, A. CAMPBELL, M.B., d.bC.
MURRAY, Mrs.
MURRAY, CouncUlor ALEX ANDEB,D.L.,J.P.
MURRAY, Councillor BRUCE.
NEILSON, GEORGE, ll.d.
NELSON, JOHN E., J.P.
NEWMAN, DAVID, M.D., F.F.P.S.Q.
NEWMAN, Mrs.
NICOL, JAMES, D.L.
NICOL, Councillor WM, J.P.
NISBET, THOS., assoc.m.inrt.c B.
O'HABE, Bailie PATRICK, J.P.
O'REILLY, Canon.
OVERTOUN, Lord.
PABKEB, E. H.
PARKER. Rev. JOHN.
PATERSON, JOHN.
PATERSON, WM.
PATON, CouncUlor W., D.L., JJ».
PAXTON, Mrs.
PICKEN, THOMAS.
POLLOK, ROBERT, m.d.
PRIMROSE, Sir JOHN URE, Bart., The
Hon. The Lord Provost.
PRIMROSE, Lady.
PRIMROSE, Rev. B.
PBIMBOSE, W.,j.i'.
BAMSAY, Rev. 0. BOLLAND, M.A.
RAMSAY, ROBERT, J.P
BATTRAY, Bev. W.
BEID, HUGH, D.L., J.P.
BEID, JAMES A.
BEID. W. L., M.D., FF.P.8.0.
BENWICK, ROBERT, Depute Town Clerk.
RICHMOND, Sir DAVID, d.l.
RICHMOND, Lady.
BICHMOND, THOMAS, L.R.C.P.
BODGER, Provost A. K , of Rutherglen.
BOSS, Bev. D. M., d d.
ROTTENBURG, Mrs. PAUL.
RUSSELL, OHABLES, LL.D.
BUSSELL, Councillor W. F.
SAMUEL, JOHN S., F.B.S.B., J.P.
SCOTT, EGBERT.
SCOTT, Deputy River Bailie RODERICK.
SELLAB, LENNOX, M., M.A.
SHAW, Bailie AECHIBALD M'INNES, J.P.
SHEARER, Sir JOHN D.L., J.P.
SHEARER, Lady.
SHEPHERD, Rev. AMBEOSE.
SIMONS, MICHAEL, J.P.
SMAET, Prof., d.phil., ll.d.
SMITH, Mrs FEANCIS.
SMITH, Bev. JOHN, D.D.
SMITH, J. M., Editor, Glougow Evening Nmn.
SMITH, Mrs. PAEKER.
SOMERVILLE, Bev. THOS.,M.A.
SOELEY. Bailie EOBEET, J p.
STEELE, Councillor JAS., J.P.
STEVEN, Councillor H., j.p.
STEVEN, J. LINDSAY, M.D., F.F.P.S.o.
STEVENSON, Councillor, D. M., J.P.
STE WAET, JOHN, m.d., m.
STEWAET, Bailie PETER GORDON, J.p.
STOCKMAN, Prof., m.d., f.e.cp.b., F.B.8.B.
STORY, The Very Bev. E. H. D.D-, LL.D.
STORY, Mrs.
SWAN, MICHAEL, J.P.
TAGGART, Bailie GEORGE, J.P
TAYLOR, Eev. W. BOSS, d.d.
TEMPLETON, JAMES, J.P.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
13
Executive Committee — continued.
THOMSON, GILBERT, M.A., B.
THOMSON, BeT. JAMES, ma.
THOMSON, Prof. B. S., u D., D.SO., F.F.P.8.0.
THOMSON, THOMAS.
TINDAL, A.S.,M.D.
TODD. JOHN B., B.L.
TBOTTEB, A. M., ll.B.C.V.8.
TULLIS, JAMES T., D.L., J.P.
UBE, Mrs. BOBEBT.
WADDELL,B.D.,J.P.
WALLACE, Oouncillor W., J.P.
W ALLIS, A . Q. , C. B. , M.S.I.
WABDEN, Oouncillor W
WATSON, Bailie EDWABD. J.P.
WATSON, Prof., BOBEBTSON, M.A., F.C.8.
WATSON, Councillor THOS.
WAUOHOPE. ANDBEW, m.b.
WEBSTEB, Councillor H. OABVIOK.
WHITTON, JAS.
WILLOOK, Councillor JAMES, J.P.
WILLOX, Bailie.
WILSON, BOBEBT, J.P., Provost, PoUok-
shawB.
YELLOWLEES, D., M.D., LL.D.
YOUNG, A. A.
YODNG, JAMES.
YOUNG, JOHN.
finance SuDs»Committee.
Treasurer M'Cutchbon, Cotnener.
BUBBELL, BaiUe.
OABSWELL, Oouncillor M.
DUN, Dr. W. G.
QBAY, Councillor.
HUNTEB, Councillor.
KAY, ABTHUB.
EIBKPATBICK, Councillor.
JOHNSTON, HENBY.
M'CUTOHEON, Treasurer.
M'KIM, GEOBGE B.
M'LINTOCK, THOMSON.
MUEBAY, Councillor ALEX.
MUBBAY, CounciUor BBUOE.
STEELE, Councillor.
STEVEN, Councillor.
STEVENSON, CounciUor D. M.
And the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Executive Oonmiittee, as also the
Treasurer and the Secretary ex officio,
Mr. M'IKTTBE, Clerk.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
14
'Reception anD 1)O0|)italiti? Su{)::s(Xommittee.
Gonncillor W. F. Andbbsok, Convener.
ALEXANDEB, Gonncillor H.
ANDERSON, Councillor W. P.
ANDEESON, W, P. G.
ANDEESON, Mrs. W. P. G.
ANDERSON, Mrs. M'OALL.
ARTHUR, Sir M., Bart.
BAIRD, DANIEL.
BALLANTYNE, A
BARR. Professor.
BEABDMORE. WILLIAM.
BELL, Lady.
BILSLAND, Councillor.
BLACK, Mrs. W. G.
BREMNER, ROBERT L.
BROWN, Miss AGNES.
BURNETT, J. J.
BURNETT, Mrs. JOHN.
BURNET, Miss.
CAMERON, Sir HECTOR C.
CAMERON, Professor MURDOCH.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. ADAIR.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. PBARCE.
CAMPBELL, Councillor.
CHALMERS, Dr. A K.
CHALMERS, Mrs. A K.
CHISHOLM, Sir SAMUEL, Bart.
CHISHOLM, Lady.
CLARK, Professor H. E.
CLARK, Mrs.
CLELAND, Councillor.
CONNELL, Councillor.
OORBETT, A CAMERON.
DAVIDSON, Mrs. MARK.
DICK, Councillor JAMES.
DOUGAN, Dr.
DUNLOP, NATHANIEL.
EDWARDS, Mrs.
FORTUNE, DAVID.
FRAME, Mrs.
PYPE, PETER.
FYPE, Mrs. PETER.
GALLOWAY, Miss.
GAREY, Councillor Dr.
GILDBA, Mrs.
GLAISTER, Professor.
GLAISTER. Mrs.
GOURLAY, Mrs. ROBERT.
GOW, Mrs. LEONARD.
GRAHAM, MATTHEW
GREENLESS, Mrs.
GREIG, Mrs.
HANNAY, Mrs. MAXWELL.
HEDDERWICE, Mrs. J. D.
HEDDERWICK, Mra EDWIN O.
INVERCLYDE, Lord.
INVERCLYDE, Lady.
IRWIN, Miss.
JACKS, Mrs.
JOHNSTON, Mrs.
JONES, T.
EEDIB, Mrs.
EER, Miss P. M.
EERR, Dr.
EIEP, Mrs.
EING, Lady.
EING, ROBERT.
EIRE WOOD, Mrs.
LINDSAY, Mrs. JOHN.
MACEWAN, Miss.
MACE WEN, Lady.
MACFARLANE, Councillor JOHN*
MAOEENZIE, T. R.
MAOLAOHLAN, GEORGE.
MACLAY, Councillor, J.P.
MACLEOD, Rev. Dr. DONALD.
MACLEOD, Mrs. JOHN M.
MANN, Jr., Mrs. JOHN.
MASON, Mrs. GEORGE.
MENZIES, JAMES.
MIDDLETON, GEORGE.
MURRAY, Mrs.
NEWMAN, Dr.
NEWMAN, Mrs.
OHAEE, Bailie.
O'REILLY, Canon.
OVERTOUN, Lord,
PATON, OouncUlor.
PAXTON, Mrs.
PRIMROSE, LADY.
REID, JAMES A.
RICHMOND, Dr.
RICHMOND, Lady.
ROTTENBURG, Mrs. PAUL.
SHEARER, Sir JOHN.
SHE\KER, Lady.
SHEPHEaD, Rev. AMBROSE.
SMITH, Mrs. FRANCIS.
SMITH, Mrs. PAREEB.
SORLKY, Bailie.
STEELE, Councillor.
STEWART, Bailie.
TAGGART, Bailie.
TAYLOR, Kev. Dr. ROSS.
TEMPLETON, JAMES,
URE, Mrs. ROBERT.
WHITTON, JAMES.
And the Cliairman of the Executive Committee, as also the Treasurer and
the Secretary ex officio,
Mr. HaOAba, Clet'k.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
15
Bicurafona Sub^Committee
Oooncillor Oliland, Convener,
ANDERSON, OonndUor B.
OALDEBWOOD, Goanoillor.
OABB, Dr.
OLELAND, Ooanofflor.
DALBYMPLE, J. D. G.
DONLOP, OouncUlor THOMAS.
EBSKINE, Dr. JAMES.
FEBGUS, Dr. FBEELAND
FBEKB, WALTEB.
GIBSON, Councillor A. SOOTT,
GLAISTJEB, Professor.
HE WAT, ANDBEW.
JOHNSTON, HENBT.
KENNEDY, Goanoillor.
MACFABLANE, Oonnoillor JOHN.
MACLEAN, Professor MAC^NU&
McCALL, Prof.
O'HABE, Bailie.
BUSSELL, CouncUlor W. F.
SAMUEL, JOHN S.
SOOTT, BOBEBT.
SOBLfiY, Bailie.
STEWABT, BaiUe.
WATSON, BfUIie E.
WILLOCK, Councillor.
Councillor B. Andbbson, Sub-Convener.
And the Chairman and Yice-Chairman of the Executiye Committee, as also tho
Treasurer and the Secretary ex ojgHcio,
Mr. Sbllas, Clerk,
Xfterari? an^ prees SuD^Committee*
Councillor Gbahah, Convener,
ALEXANDEB, D. M.
ANDEBSON, Councillor W. F.
BATTEBSBY, Councillor JOHN.
BENNETT, Prof.
BOWEBS, JOHN.
BUBGESS, Councillor.
CHALMEBS, Dr.
CBAWFOBD, B.
EWNGTON, Dr.
FEBGUSON, Councillor.
FOBBES, ANDBEW.
FOBTUNE, DAVID.
FYFE, PETEB.
GBAHAM, CouncUlor.
GBAHAM, MICHAEL.
MARTIN, Councillor WM.
MONBO, Professor T. K.
NEILSON, QEOBGE.
BEN WICK, BOBEBT.
BICHMOND, Dr. THOMAS
STEVEN, Dr. LINDSAY.
WAUCHOPE, Dr.
WILLOX, Bailie.
WILSON, Provost BOBEBT.
YELLOWLEES, Dr
YOUNG, A. A.
And the Chairman of the Executiye Committee, as also the
Treasnrei* and the Secretary ex officio.
Mr. Caisns, Clerk.
arraitfiementB an5 j6jbibitton SuD-Committee^
Councillor Stbklb, Convener.
ANDEBSON, Councinor B.
ANDEBSON, Councillor W. F.
BUBBELL, Bailie.
CABSWELL, Dr. JOHN.
CHALMEBS, Dr. A. K.
OLELAND. Councillor.
COUPEB, Dr. H.
FYFE, P.
GLAISTEB, Professor.
GBAHAM, Councillor.
KING, JOHN.
LAUGHLIN, Bev. A. O.
LOW, ISAAC.
M'COLL, D.
M'CUTCHEON. Treasurer.
MCLAUGHLIN, Dr. MICHAEL J.
MACFABLANE, Councillor JOHN.
PATON. JAMES.
BAMS A. Y, Bev. B.
SOMEBVILLE, ReT. THOS.
STEELE, Councillor.
TAQGABT, Bailie.
THOMSON. GILBEBT.
TODD, JOHN A.
WALLIS, A. G.
And the Chairman of the Executive Committee, as also the
Treasurer and the Secretary ex o0cio.
Mr. PiOKEN, aerk.
VOL. XIV. PABT I.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
16
The Government, County Councils, Corporations and
Local Authorities, and Societies who have up to the
present appointed Delegates to the Congress.
Government Depabtments (4).
Army Council.
Board of Education.
War Office.
Portugal.
County Councils (22).
Aberdeen.
Elgin.
Nottingham.
Ayrshire.
Flintshire.
Renfrew.
Caithness.
Lanarkshire.
Salop.
Cheshire.
Kesteven. 1
Somerset.
Cumberland.
Kildare.
Stirling.
Denbighshire.
Midlothian. '
Warwickshire.
Durham.
Northumberland.
Wiltshire.
East Sussex.
1
County Boroughs (29).
Aberdeen.
Cardiff.
Perth.
Ayr.
Birkenhead.
Crewe.
Eotherham.
Croydon.
Scarborough.
Birmingham.
Falkirk.
Sheffield.
Blackburn.
Great Yarmouth.
Southampton.
Bolton
Hanley.
West Bromwich.
Bradford.
Huddersfield.
Winchester.
Brighton.
Leeds.
Wolverhampton.
Bristol.
Leicester.
Worcester.
Burslem.
Middlesbrough.
Me
TROPOLITAN BOROUGHS
(3).
Greenwich.
1 Southwark.
1 Wandsworth.
Urban District
Councils or Sanitary
Authorities (50).
Accrington.
Fenny Stratford.
Wimbledon.
Arbroath.
Pinchley.
Perth.
Barrhead.
Galston.
Eeigate.
Berwick-on-Tweed.
Great Crosby.
Renfrew.
Bilston.
Greenock.
Rochester.
Blackrock.
Haslingden.
Rothesay.
Rutherglen.
Southall Norwood.
Brighouee.
Helensburgh,
Broughty Ferry.
Heme Bay.
Coatbridge.
Hexham.
Stewarton.
Darlington.
Ilkeston.
Tottington.
Denny and Dunipace.
Dumbarton.
Kirkintilloch
Wallsend.
Leith,
Whickham.
Dumfries.
Leyton.
Whitburn.
Dunfermline.
Linlithgow.
Widnes.
Eastbourne.
Lisbum.
Wigston Magna.
Eccles.
Musselburgh.
Wrexham.
Enniskillen.
Partick.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
17
Ettral District Councils (3).
Bo'ness.
Cadder.
Garioch,
Port Sanitary Authorities and others (3).
Port of London.
River Tees.
West Biding of Yorkshire Biyers
Board.
Goyan*
School Boards (4).
Glasgo^. I Paisley.
Montrose.
Societies (44).
Central Veterinary Medical Society.
Charity Organisation Society.
Coal Smoke Abatement Society.
Civil and Mechanical Engineers*
Society.
Eastern Counties Veterinary Medical
Society.
Edinburgh School of Cookery.
Geological Society.
Glasgow Eastern Medical Society.
Glasgow Pathological and Clinical
Society.
Incorporated Association of Munici-
pal and County Engineers.
Institute of Sanitary Engineers.
Institution of Engineers and Ship-
builders in Scotland.
Lancashire Veterinary Medical Asso-
ciation.
Lincolnshire Veterinary Medical
Association.
Lunacy Commission.
Mansion House Council on the Dwel-
lings of the Poor.
Metropolitan Asylums Board.
Middlesex Education Committee.
Mining Institute of Scotland.
National Anti-Vaccination Lea^e.
National Union of Women Workers.
Owens College, Manchester.
Pharmaceutical SocietyofGt. Britain.
Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland.
Kibble Joint Committee.
Royal College of Surgeons of England.
Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland.
Royal Institute of Architects in
Ireland.
Royal Institute of British Architects.
Royal Philosophical Society of Glas-
gow.
Sanitary Inspectors' Association
(Yorkshire Branch).
School of Medicine for Women.
Scottish Anti- Vaccination League.
Society of Architects.
Society of Medical Officers of Health.
Society of Public Analysts.
Southern Counties Veterinary Medical
Association.
St. John Ambulance Association.
University College, London.
University of Durham.
University of Durham CoUege of
Medicine.
University of Glasgow,
Victoria University of Manchester.
Women's Local Government Society.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
18
IprocccMnfie of the Conarcee anb ©fittccre of
Scctione anb Contcvcncce.
Inaugural Address to the Congress, July 25th, at 8 pjm.
By ET. HON. LORD BLYTHSWOOD, LL.D.
Lord-Lieutenant of Renfrewshire.
Conversazione and Reception, July 28th, at 8 p.m.
By the lord PROVOST AND CORPORATION OF GLASGOW.
Leoture to Congress, July 27th, at 8 p.m.
By sir RICHARD DOUGLAS POWELL, Babt.. K.C.V.O.,
M.D,, F.RC.P. ON " Prevention of Consumption."
Garden Parties at Botanic Garden and at the
Ruchill Hospital.
Popular Lectures will be given in the Exhibition.
For time and place* of aU Meeiingi $ee page 25.
SECTIONAL MEETINGS.
Sect. 1. — " Sanitary Science & Preventive Medicine."
July 26<A and 27th, to be held in The University.
President.
Prop. J. Glaister, m.d., d.p.h., f.p.p.s.g., p.c.s., f.r.s.k. .
Vice-Presidents.
CHALMERS, A. K., M.D., r.P.H.
OLAEK, Prof. HENRY E., M.B.CS., C.M.G.
COLLINGRIDGE, WILLIAM, MA., L.L.M.,
M.D., D.P.H.
DUNCAN, EBENEZER, M D., F.p.P.8.0.
LITTLEJOHN, H. HARVEY, M. A., B.8C.(PDB.
HEALTH), F.R.O.S.
MACKENZIE, W. LESLIE, mJl., M.D.,
P.P.H.
RUSSELL, Sir JAMES, M.B., B.SC, P.B.C.P.E.
F B.S.B.
PARKES, LOUIS C, M.D., D.P.H.
SEATON, EDWARD COX, M.D., F.B.C.P,
F.C.8.
Secretaries.
D. J. Mackintosh, m,v.o., m.b, | G. Middleton, m.a., ll.b.
Recording Secretary.
J. F. J. Sykbs, d.sc., M.D., London,
Digitized by VjOOQIC
19
Section II.— "Engineering and Architecture."
July 27th and 2Sth, to be held in The Univbbsitt.
President.
PbOF. HbNBT EoBINSOK, M.IN8T.C.E.
Viee-Presidents.
AXi^ON, W. M., x.nvsT.o.B.
ANDEBSON, BOWAND, Dr.
BARB, Prof., D.BO., M .IN8T g.e.
BBOMHEAD. HORATIO E., F.R.I.B.A.
CABTEB, ALLAN, WM.« X.INST.O.B., F.B.8.B,
COPLAND, W. B., M.TN8T.0.1.
HOQO. O. P., O.K.
HONEYMAN, JOHN, LL.D.
SALMOND, W. F.
THOMSON, GILBEBT, if.A., ▲SSOO.M.INBT.O.B.
Secretaries.
E. H. Pabkeb. I A. G. Wallis, O.B., m.s.1.
Reeordinar Secretary.
John Edwabd Wobth, icmsT.CE., London.
Section III. — "Physics, Chemistry, and Biology."
July 2^th and 2Qth, to be held m The Univbbsity.
President.
Pbof. Pbank Clowes, d.so., p.i.o., p.o.s.
ANNINGSON, BUSHELL, M.A., m.d.
POWLEB, GILBEBT, r 8C., P.I.C.
GBAY, Prof. THOMAS, PH.D., D.SO.
HAMILTON, Prof. D. J.
HENDEBSON, Prof. G. G., tt.A., D.SO., Liver-
pool.
HOUSTON, Prof. A. O., m.b.,d.so.
Vice-Presidents.
MACLEAN, Prof., MAGNUS ILA., D.8C.,
F.B.S.E., M.I.K.B.
BOSS, Prof. BONALD, 0.B , F.B.O.8., F.B.g.,
D.P.H.
PATON, D. NOEL, M.D., D.8C.
MoWEENEY, Prof. ED. J., M.A., M.D
WATSON. Prof. BOBEBTSON, M.A., F.0.8.
WILSON, H. MACLEAN, M.D^ B.8C.
Secretaries.
S. M. Buchanan, m.b., f.f.p.8.o., | F. W. Habbis, f.cs.
F.B.S.E.
Recording Secretary.
LlEUT.-COL. B. H. FiBTH, B.A.K.C., F.B.C.S., D.P.H., LONDON.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
20
CONFERENCES.
Of Municipal Representatives.
Tuesday, July 2Qth, to be held in The Uniyebsity.
President.
CouNCiLLOB W. F. Anderson, j.p..
Chairman of Committee on Health, Glasgow.
Vice-Presidents.
ALLAN, WILLIAM, Provost of Ayr.
ANDEESON, JOHN, Provost of Greenock.
BELL, BOBEBT KING. Provost of Paisley*
OHISHOLM, Sir SAMUEL, Bart
CBANSTON, The Bt Hon. Sir BOBT., Lord
Provost of Edinburgb.
DUNCAN, Bailie, Arbroath.
FINDLAY, ALEX., Provost of MotherwelJ.
KEITH, HENBY S., Provost of Hamilton.
LOVE, THOMAS, Prouost of Perth.
MABE, JOHN, Provost of Govan.
McFABLAN. BOBT., Provost of Dumbarton.
MCMILLAN, THOMAS, Provost of Klnning
Park.
MELVIN, Bailie, Arbroath.
MILLOY, S., Ex-Provost of Eothesay* •
PBIMBOSE, Sir JOHN UBE, Bart* Lord
Provost of Glasijow.
BODGEB, ADAM KEIB, Provost of Enther-
glen.
WALKEB, JAS., Lord Ptovost of Aberdeen.
WALKEB, JAMES A., Provost of Bothesay.
WILKIE, DAVID, Provost of Kirriemuir.
WILSON, BOBEBT, J.P., Provost of PoUok-
shaws.
Secretaries.
Peteb Fyfb, f.b«s.e. I John S. Macara.
RecordinfiT Secretary.
Philip Boobbyeb, m.d., Nottingham.
Thia Conference is open to all Members and Officials of Municipal Bodies.
On Industrial Hygiene.
Friday, Jvly 29<A, to he held in The University.
President.
Councillor James Steele, j.p.,
Vice-Chairman of Committee on Health, Glasgow.
BAIBD, DANIEL.
BEABDMOBE, WILLIAM.
BILSLAND, Councillor. '
OLELAND, Councillor.
COATS, W. H. CABDELL.
CBAWFOBD, BOBEBT, J.P,, LL.D.
OUBPHEY, W, S., H.M. Inspector under
Alkali Acts and Biver Pollution Acts.
GILCHBIST, JOHN.
JACKS, WILLIAM, LL.D.
KING, JOHN, J.P.
MACFAELANE, Conncmor JAMES. .
Vice-Presidents.
. OVEETOUN, Bt Hon. LOBD.
PATEESON, Miss M. M., H.M Inspector of
Factories.
BEID, HUGH.
EICHMOND, Sir DAVID.
EOBINSON, H. M, H.M. Inspector of Fac-
tories.
BOBLEY, W. P.
EUSSELL, Councillor W. F
SHANES, Ex-Provost
STEVEN, CounciUor.
STE WAET, BaUie.
Secretaries.
A. Johnston, m.d., d.p.h. | L. M. Sellar, m.a
Recording Secretary.
A. Wellesley Harris, m.r.g.s.. d.p.h., Catford.
This Conference is open to all interested in the subject.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
21
Of Medical Officers of Health.
Thursday, July 28M, to he held in The University.
President.
Sir Charles A. Cameron, c.b., m.d., p.r.c.p., p.r.c.s., f.i.c., Medical
Officer of Health and Public Analyst, Dublin.
CHALMERS, A. K., M.D , D.P.H.
HILL, Prof. BOSTOOK, M.D., M.sc., fj.C,
D.P.H.
BLA.YE, J. B., M.B., D P.H., M.O.H.
MAODONALD, 0. B„ M.D.. D.P.H., M.O.H.
Vice-Presidents.
Mo VAIL, J. 0., H.D., D.P.H., P.B.S.B., M.O.H.
BOBEBTSON, J., M.D., B,8C., M.O.H.
BOSS, J. MAXWELL, M.A., M.B., B.SC.
F R C S M H
TEMPLEMAN, 0., M.D., B.SC, M.O.H.
Secretaries.
J. Knight, m.d., d.p.h. | A. Campbell Munro, m.b., d.sc.
Recording Secretary.
Prop. Henry Kenwood, m.b.. d.p.h., London.
This Conference is open to all Medical Officers of Healths
Of Engineers and Surveyors to County and other Sanitary
Authorities.
Tuesday J July 26fA, to be held in The University.
President.
Wm. Weaver, m.inst.c.e.,
Borough Engineer and Surveyor, Kensington,
BBYCE, JOHN, A.M.IN8T.C.E.
HOLMES, F. G., a.m.inst.c.b.
MASSIE, JAMES, Edinburgh.
MEADE, T. DE COUBOY, M.IN8T.C.B.
Vice-Presidents.
PBETTY, JOHN.
SMITH, P. 0.
tubnbull, a J.
Secretaries.
A. B. McDonald, m.inst.c.e. | T. Nisbet, a.m,inst.cb.
RecordinflT Secretary.
E. G. Mawbey, m.inst.ce., Leicester,
This Conference is open to all Municipal and County Engineers.
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22
Of Veterinary Inspectors.
Friday, July 29th, to b€ hM in The Univbrsitt.
President.
Prof. James MgCall, 7.b.g.v.s.,
Principal, Glasgow Veterinary College.
ALLAN, DAVID, lc.B.O.v.8.
BEGO, HUGH, IC.B.O.V.8.
COPE, A. 0., M.B.O.T.8.
DOUGLAS, T. A» M.B.O.V.8.
HEDLEY, MATTHEW, F.lt.O.V.8.
HOLBUBN, ALFBED, l[.B.O.y.B.
Vice-Presidents.
LLOYD, J. S., 1C.B aT.8.
MoFADYEAN, Prlaolpal J., X.B. OJLSOnr.
F.B.8.E.
PEDDIE, JAMES, F.B.ay.8.
WOODBUPP, Prof. H. A
Secretaries.
A. M. Tbottbb, M.B.o.y.8. | John J. McIntybb.
RecordinfiT Secretary.
W. Hunting, f.k,c.v.s., London.
This Ck)nference is open to all Members of the Veterinary Profession.
Of Sanitary Inspectors.
W^dne9day, July 28/A, to he held in The Univebsity.
President.
T. p. Strutt.
ALEXANDEB. HUGH.
ANDEBSON, GEOBGB.
ANDEBSON, JOHN.
BABKEB,JOHN.
BBAID, PBANOIS.
BBOWN, W. DUNLOP.
OAMEBON, KENNETH.
CAMPBELL, DUNCAN.
DEYINB, JAMES. .
Vice-Presidents.
PBEW, JOHN.
HAY, ALEXANDER
KELSO, W. W.
MCKAY, GEOBGE.
BE ED, JAMES.
SPEABS, H. H.
SUMMBB, JOHN.
WILKINSON, WILLIAM
Secretaries*
Gbo. Dunne.
Albx. Hamilton.
RecordinfiT Secretary.
Albbbt Taylob, London.
Tliis Conference is open to all Sanitary Inspectors and Inspectors of
Nuisances.
Digitized by VjOOQIC
23
Of Women on Hygiene.
Thunday^ July 2%th^ to be held in Thb Uniybbsity.
President,
Heb Grace thb Duchess of Moxtbose«
Vice-Presidents
BELL, Lftdjr.
CHEAPE. La^ QBISELDA.
INVEECLYDE, Lady.
PBIMBOSE. Lady.
AITKEN, Mn. J. A.
AIKMAN, Miss.
ALEXANDER, Mita
BECKETT, Miss.
BIBBELL, Miss.
BLACKIE, Miss.
BURNET, Mrs. JOHN.
BUBNET, MlsB.
CAMPBELL, MiM.
CHALMEBS, Mrs. A. E.
CBAia, Mn.
DAVIDSON. Mrs. BEATBICE.
DOUGLAS, Mrn.
PYFE, Mrs. PETEB.
QILCHBIST, Dr. MABION.
QLAISTEB. Mrs.
GRAY, Miss.
HEOTOB, Mrs.
HUNTEB, Mrs. JAMES T.
JACKS, Mrs.
Miss Ibwin.
JONES, Mrs. LLOYD, MA.
KEB, Mtss P. M.
LAUDEB, Mrs.
LINDSAY, Mrs. J.
MACLABEN. Dr. ALICE.
MASON. Mrs. GEO.
MAY, Miss.
McDIABMID, Mrs.
MABTIN, Mrs. CABLAW.
PACE, Dr. E. M.
PBICE, Mrs. BEECE.
BAMSAY, Mrs. BOLLAND.
BAMSAY. Miss G.
BEITH, Mrs. A. M.
BIDDOOH. Mrs.
SMITH, Mrs. FBANCI&
SPENS, Mrs. J. A.
STOEY, Mrs.
STOEY, Miss.
WINGATE, Mrs. PATEBSON.
WYPEB, Mrs.
WYPEB, Miss.
YOUNGEB, Miss A
Secretaries.
Mrs. Frame.
Recording Secretary.
Miss N. T, F. db Chaumont, London.
This Ck)nference is open to all Ladies interested in Domestic Hygiene.
On The Hygiene of School Life.
Wednesday, July 27tk, to be held in The Uniybbsity
President.
Prof. John Edgar, m.a., sto..
Professor of Education, St Andrews.
Vice-Presidents.
ADDISON, W. H.
BRUCE, E. WILSON, L.F.P.S.Q.
CABB, WILLLOI,M.B.
CASSELS, Major.
OHBISTIE, W. E., M.A.
CLOUSTON, T. S., M.D., F.B.C.P.BDTN.
CBUDEN, Major GEOEGE.
CUNNINGHAM, G., M.A., L.D.S.BNQ., D.M.D.
(Harv., U.S. A.).
DOTT, GEOEGE, J.P.
DYEE, Canon, Glasgow.
PEBGUS, FBEELAND, m.d.
FISK, Miss.
PYPE, LEANDEB M.
GEAHAM, W.
HINSHELWOOD, J., M.A.,M.D., F.F.P.8.G.
EEBB. J., ILA., M.D., D.P.B.
LENNOX, D., M.D.
LYONS, Mr.
MAOINTYBE, J., M.B., CM.
MOTION, JAMES B.
PBICE, Dr. C. BEES.
BAMSAY, A. MAITLAND, 1I.D
BOBERTSON, J. D.
SCOTT, Mr.
SLOAN, Dr. ABCHIBALD,lf.B., CK., l
SMITH, Bev. Dr.
SMITH, GEOEGE.
SPENCEB, Bev. Dr.
STEPHENSON, Miss PLOBA.
STEWABT, Dr. T. A,
THOMSON, WM.
THOMSON, A. DOUGLAS, F.B.C.P.EDrH.
TUKE, ALAN K.D., CILBOIN.
WALLACE, Mr.
YOUNG, FBANK W.,
J. G. Kerr, mjl., ll.d.
Secretaries.
I G, W. Alexander.
Recording Secretary,
Miss A. Ravenhill.
This Conference is ox)en to all interested in the subject.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
24
©tbet of prpceebings^
MONDAY, JULY 25th.
7 p.m. to 8 p.in. — Reception of the Members of the Congress ir>
St. Andrew's Hall, by
Sib John Ure Primrose Bart., Lord Provost.
8 p.m.— Inaugural Address to the Congress, in St. Andrew's Hall, by
The Right Hon. Lord Blythswood, ll.d.,
Lord-Lieutenant of Benfrewsbire.
TUESDAY, JULY 26th.
10 a.in.— Meeting of Section I, (^Seepages 19, ^1,^22), Sanitary Science
and Preventive Medicine. Conferences of Municipal Repres-
entatives, and Engineers and Surveyors to County and other
Sanitary Authorities, in the University.
4.30 p.m. — Evening Cruise.
WEDNESDAY, JULi; 27th.
10 a.m.— Meetings of Section II. (See pages 19, 20, 23, ^ 24)* Engineer-
ing and Architecture ; Section I. — Sanitary Science and Pre-
ventive Medicine. Conferences on Hygiene of School Life and
Sanitary Inspectors, in the University.
4 p.m. — Garden Party in Botanic Gardens.
8 p.m.— Lecture to the Congress, in St. Andrew's Hall, by
Sir Richard Douglas Powell, bart., k.c.v.o., v.d., f.r.c.p
THUESDAY, JULY 28th.
10 a.m. — Meetings of Section III. (See pages 20, 22, and 24)» Physics,
Chemistry, and Biology ; Section II. — Engineering and Archi-
tecture. Conferences of Medical Officers of Health and Ladies
on Hygiene, in the University.
8 p.m. — Conversazione and Reception in the Municipal Buildings, by
The Lord Provost and Corporation of Glasgow.
FEIDAY, JULY 29th.
10 a.m.— Meeting of Section III. (See pages 20, 21, ^ 23), Physics^
Chemistry, and Biology. Conference on industrial Hygiene and
of Veterinary Inspectors, in the University.
3.30 p.m.— Afternoon Cruise.
8.0 p.m.— Promenade Concert in Art Galleries.
SATUEDAY, JULY 30th.
Excursions.
Excursions and Visits to places of interest will be made during
the Congress.
{Particulars will he given in future Programmes J]
Digitized by VjOOQIC
25
Subjects suggested for Discussion or Papers.
Control and Inspection of Imported Meat.
Diseases of Animals Communicable to Man.
The Notification of Tuberculosis.
The Identification of the Diphtheria Typhoid Bacillus.
Precautions against the Importation of Infectious Maladies from
Abroad.
The Disinfection of Ships and Cargoes.
The Prevention of Small-pox.
The Aerial Spread of Smatll-pox.
Improvements in the Methods and Practice of Disinfection.
The Hospital Isolation ot Scarlet Fever.
Evidence with regard to Direct Infection of Enteric Fever.
The Incidence of Cancer in Eelation to Environment.
Care of the Eyes and Teeth of School Children.
Feeding of Infants.
Infantile Mortality.
Health Aspects of Occupations for Women.
I The Value to Teachers of Recognised Certificates in Hygiene,
Teaching of Hygiene in Elementary Schools.
School Hygiene.
Should Pathogenic Bacteria be Eliminated from Sewage Effluents in
View of the Protection of Shell-fi.sh from Pollution ?
The Health Conditions of Town Flats and Apartment Houses.
Municipal Lodging Houses.
Cottages for Agricultural Labourers.
Bakehouses.
The Working of the Factory Acts (from the view of the Glasgow
Manufacturer).
Public Slaughter-Houses.
Sanitation of Cowsheds.
Control of Milk Supplies.
Difficulties of Dealing with Tuberculosis in Cattle.
Temporary (or cheap) Buildings for Consumptive Sanatoria.
. The Personal Hygiene of Consumptives.
Small-pox and Fever Hospitals.
Granting of Sanitary Certificates by Sanitary Authorities.
Ventilation of Sewers.
.Chemical Purification of Sewage.
Standards of Purity for Sewage Effluents.
■Purification of Trade Effluents.
Disposal of Towns' Eefuse.
Scavenging of Villages.
Smoke Abatement.
Dry Systems and Water Carriage for the Disposal of Excreta.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Domestic Cisterns,
The Collection, Purification and Storage of Flood- Waters.
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2B
PRELIMINARY LIST
OP
ENTERTAINMENTS & EXCURSIONS
in connection with the Meeting.
Garden Parties have been arranged in the botanic
Gardens, and at Ruchill Hospital. Arrangements have
also been made with the principal Clubs and Baths in
*the City for the Delegates to be admitted.
1. Excursion to The Trossachs.
By train for Callander, coacli to Trossachs Hotel, where
luncheon will be served, boat up Loch Katrine to Stron-
achlacher, coach to Inversnaid, boat down Loch Lomond
to Balloch Pier (afternoon tea being served on board).
2. Excursion to Lanark, the Falls of Clyde, and Craig-
nethan Castle.
By special train for Lanark, where Corra Linn and
Bonnington Falls and the old Church of St. Kentigem
will be visited. Luncheon will be served at Lanark.
Then drive to Nathanfoot (stopping at Stonebyres Fall
on the way), and walk up the glen of the Nethan (about
half a mile) to Oraignethan Castle (the " Tillietudlem '*
of "Old Mortality"). At Craignethan tea will be served.
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27
8. Excursion to Loch Eck and Loch Fyne.
Train to Greenock, where embark on the " Lord of the
Isles." On arriving at Dunoon drive by coach to Loch
Eck, where embark on the Loch Eck Steamer and sail to
the head of the Loch, and from there drive to Strachur
and sail to Inveraray by the " Lord of the Isles." Time
will be given at Inveraray to see the Castle grounds.
Dinner will be served on board the **Lord of the Isles " on
leaving Inveraray, from thence the steamer will sail down
Loch Fyne and through the Kyles of Bute to Rothesay.
Tea will be served on board.
4. Sail to Campbeltown.
Train to Fairlie, where join the Turbine Steamer, and
sail down the Clyde around the north-west end of Arran
to Campbeltown. Dinner and Tea will be served on
board. Time will be given at Campbeltown to drive to
Machrihanish and the shores of the Atlantic.
5. Sail down the River.
Train to Craigendoran, embark on the **Waverley,"
sail down the river to Lamlash (Arran) via Largs and
the Cumbraes.
6. Visit to Dairy Farm, Ayrshire.
Train for Ayr, drive to Burns's Monument and Cottage,
thence to Knockdown Farm, belonging to Mr. Alexander
Cross, and will be entertained by him to luncheon. Drive
to Maybole and Culzean Castle, admission to the grounds
of which has been kindly granted, and afterwards will
return to Ayr, via shore road. Mr. Cross's farm extends
to 500 acres, and is all under grass.
7. Evening Cruise, Tuesday, 26th July.
Train for Princes Pier, join the Turbine Steamer
" Queen Alexandra " and sail up Loch GoU,
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28
8. Afternoon Excursion, Friday, 29th July. Gareloch,.
Loch Long, and Loch Lomond.
Train to Ardlui Station, embark on the North British
Steamer and sail down Loch Lomond to Balloch Pier,
where the party will take train to Glasgow arriving in
time for the Conversazione and Reception in the Muni-
cipal Buildings, at 8 o'clock.
9. Afternoon Excursion, Friday, 29th July. Tour to
Rothesay, Kilchattan Bay, via Fairlie.
Train for Fairlie, arrive at Rothesay at 4.45 p.m. join
the G. & S. W. Railway Steamer at 5.15, arriving hack in
St. Enochs Station in time for the Promenade Concert in
Art Galleries. This trip will afford the delegates an
opportunity of seeing the upper portion of the Firth of
Clyde.
10. Afternoon Trip, Wednesday, 27th July.
Visit to Septic Tank at, Barrhead and the works of
Messrs. Shanks & Company. Train to Barrhead, drive to
the works of Messrs. Shanks & Company, Sanitary
Engineers, Barrhead, and thereafter to the Tubal Works
and Victorian Pottery and the Barrhead Sewage Works.
11. Visit to Eddlewood Collieries, Hamilton.
Through the courtesy of Mr. Thomas Thomson, Manager
of the Eddlewood CoUeries, a party will be shown over the
coUeries.
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29
Detailed particulars of Excursions will appear in the Local
Programme of Arrangements, a copy of which Members and
Delegates should obtain when they register their names in the
Reception Room, as soon after their arrival as possible.
Arrangements will also be made with the various Clubs in
-Glasgow for Members of the Congress being admitted as.
Temporary Members, and all those wishing to avail themselves
•of the hospitality of the Clubs must inform the Local Secre-
tary, Mr. J. Lindsay, City Chambers, Glasgow, before
June 30th.
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THE HEALTH EXHIBITION
WILL BE HELD IN
C3- Xj JL S C3- O ^W",
From JULY Slat to August 13th, 1904.
The Exhibition is held in connection with the Twenty-second
Autumn Congress of The Sanitary Institute, and includes Sanitary
Apparatus and Appliances, and Articles of Domestic Use and
Economy.
The Principal Boroughs throughout the Kingdom have
appointed Delegates to the Meeting, in addition to the Members
and ordinary visitors, so that the Exhibits will be brought under
the notice of Members of Corporations and Officials from all parts
of the country.
The Building for the Exhibition will be The East End
Exhibition Buildings, situated in Duke Street.
Applications for Space must be made on the Official Porm
and under the proper Class. They must be sent to the Curator of
the Exhibition at the Offices of the Institute, Margaret Street,
London, W., not later than Tuesday, June 30th, but it is advisable
that much earlier application should be made.
The Scale of Charge for Eloor Space is 15s. per Eoot
frontage, with a depth of six feet. Corners and Special Places
are charged at higher rates. Wall space. Is. per square foot. No
Floor space will be allotted for less than three feet frontage, or
"Wall Space for less than five square feet. All charges must he paid
at the time of allotment.
Silver and Bronze Medals will be awarded at the dis-
cretion of the Judges, and their decisions will in all cases be final.
A complete classified list of all awards from the commencement of
the series of Exhibitions is published by the Institute.
Rogers Field Medal. — A Special Medal will be awarded for
Household Sanitary Appliances in case of pre-eminent merit, which
will be called the Eggees Eield Medal.
Protection in accordance with the Patents, Designs, and
Trade Marks Act, 1883, will be obtained from the Board of Trade
for persons desirous of exhibiting New Inventions.
Eorms of Application for Space and other particulars can be
obtained of the Curator at the Ofiices of the Institute, 72, Margaret
Street, W.
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CONFERENCE ON SCHOOL HYGIENE,
FEBRUARY 7th, 8th, 9th, & 10th, 1905.
An International Congress on School Hygiene is to be held in
London in 1907, and The Royal Sanitary Institute, when urging
the advisabihty of London for this meeting, offered to co-operate
in the organisation of the Congress and Exhibition, and informed
the International Committee at Nuremburg that in order to maintain
the interest they proposed to hold a Conference on the subject early
next year in London to pave the way to the larger Congress two
years later.
These propositions on the part of The Eoyal Sanitary Institute
were approved by the International Committee, and the Institute is
arranging the Conference to discuss some of the aspects of School
Hygiene which are of pressing importance.
' In selecting the Papers and arranging the subjects for Discussion,
the Institute have the assistance and co-operation of Members of
the English and Scotch Organising Committee of the International
Congress, the British Association, the Childhood Society, and others
who are actively engaged in promoting an interest in the question.
The subjects arranged for Discussion are set out in the Pro-
gramme for each day (pages 5, 6, 7).
The Senate of the University of London have granted the use of
Rooms for the Conference, and the opening Address will be given
on Tuesday Etening, Febeuaet 7th, at 8 p.m., by the President,
Sib Arthue W. Ruckee, M.A., D.Sc, LL.D., F.R.S., Principal of
the University of London.
The Exhibition arranged iu the GtEeat Hall will be open each
day to those attending the Conference and to all Teachers from
10 a.m. to 6 p.m.
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PAPERS AND DISCUSSIONS.
Proof's of papers and notes of points to be brought fon^ard in
discussion will as far as possible be issued beforehand, as this
arrangement has been found most advantageous in securing prac-
tical and useful discussions.
All papers will be taken as read. Openers of discussions will be
allowed fifteen minutes to introduce the main arguments of the
paper, and subsequent speakers will be allowed ten minutes each.
The Council reserve to themselves the privilege of printing any
paper either whole or in part, or of refraining from the publication
thereof if they see fit.
REFRESHMENTS.
AiTangements have been made by which Luncheon and light
refreshments can be obtained in the Uniyebsitt.
The Eefreshment Eoom is situated on the Ground Floor.
RESOLUTIONS.
Eesolutions put from the Chair at the Meetings must only be in
the form of recommendations to the Council of the Institute, by
whom all such recommendations will be carefully considered. The
number of persons present, and the proportions voting, must be
recorded by the Chairman for the information of the Council.
No Kesolution can be proposed unless sent to the Secretaries in
time for approval before the day on which it is to he proposed,
TICKETS.
Fellows, Members, and Associates of the Institute are supplied
with Tickets on application to the Secretary before the Conference,
or they may be obtained at the Conference Eoom during the
Meeting.
To those not connected with the Institute, Conference Tickets
will be issued, entitling the holder to admission to the Presidential
and other Addresses, to all Meetings, to the Exhibition, to any
Conversazione given by the Institute, and to copies of the Quarterly
Journal of the Institute containing the proceedings of the Con-
ference. The price of the Conference Tickets is 10s. 6d. each.
These Tickets may be obtained at the Offices of The Institute,
72, Margaret Street, London, W.
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#£K«r5 of tlgt €anfmmt
SIR ARTHUR W. RUCKER, M.A., D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S.,
Principal of the University of London.
\HCC9ptCBi^Cnt6.
AOLAND, Eight Hon. A. H. DYKE, P.O., ILA.
BBUNTON, Sir LAUD£B, LL.D., d.sc, m.d.,
F K G P P K.8
DALE,' A. W. W., M.A., Vice-Ohancellor of
University of Liverpool.
GRAY, H. B., D.D., Warden of Bradfield Col-
ICttO.
GBIfFITHS, £. H., iLA., P.R.S., Principal of
University College, Cardiff.
HOPSINSON, A., ILA., K.O., LL.D., Vice-
Chanoellor, Victoria University.
JAMES, Bev. H. A., d.d.. Headmaster o
Bngby School.
LANG, The Very Bey. MABSHALL, d.d.,
Principal of the University of Aberdeen.
LYTTLETON, Bev. Hon. CANON, M.A.,
Headmaster. Haileybnry College.
MUBPHY, Sir SHIBLEY F., Kt., m.b.O.S.
BOSCOE, Sir HENBY E., F.B.8., LL.O., D.O.L ,
Vice-chancellor, University of London.
STOBY, Very Bev. B. H., dj)., ll.d., F.8.A.,
Principal of University of Glasgow.
TUBNEB, Sir WILLIAM, K.C.B., f.b.s., Prin-
cipal of the University of Edinburgh.
WAKBE, Bev. £., D.D., Headmaster of Eton
College.
WEBB, Sir ASTON, KT., B.A., fjllb.a.
WOOD, Bev. J., D.D., Headmaster of Harrow
School.
Conference Committee.
C/iairman--W. Whitakbb, B.A., F.B.S.
ABEL, W. J., B.A.
ALEXANDEB, G. W., Clerk, Glasgow
School Board.
ANNINGSON, BUSHELL, M.A , M.D.
BATTEN, F. E., M.D.. F.B.O.P.
BEACH, F., M.B., F.B O.P.
BOOBBYEB. PHILIP, m.d., m.8 , M.BC.s.
BBABBOOK, E. W., O.B., M.A., F.&A.
BBONNEB,A.,M.D.
BUBGWIN, Mrs. E. M.
CABPENTEB, G^ M-d.
CHALMEBS, A. K., M.D., D.P.H.
CHILDS, C, M.A., M.D.
OBICHTON-BBOWNE, Sir J., m.d., ll.d.,
DAVIES, S., M.A., M.D.
DUKES, C, M.A., M.D.
FINDLAY, Miss E. M., b.a.
FIBTH, Lieat.-Col., B. H., b.a.m.c, f.b.c.s.
GLADSTONE, H., M.D.
GBIFFITHS, T. D., M.D.
HAIG-BBOWN, C. W., M.D.
HALE, G. E., M.B.
HABMAN, N. BISHOP, F.B.C.B.
HABBIS, A. WELLESLEY,M.B.C.s., D.p.u.
HABBIS, D. B., M.A.
HAY, Professor MATTHEW, m.d.
KAYE, J JL, M.B.. D.P.H.
KEKEWICH, Sir GEO., K.C.B., d.c.l.
KENWOOD, Professor H. B., M.B., d.p.h.
KIMMINS, Dr. C. W.
KEBB. J., M.A., M.D., D.P.H.
LAMBEBT,A.,M.D.
LAW, HEBBEBT SAMUEL, m.inst.g E.
MACKENZIE. W. LESLIE, M.A., M.D.
McVAIL, J. C, M.D.. D.P.H.
NEWSHOLME, A., M.D., F.R.C.P.
BAVENHILL, mss ALICE.
BICHABDS, H. M, M.A., M.D.
BIDEAL, SAMUEL, D.SO., F.LO.
BITCHIE. A. BBOWN, M.D.
BOBINSON, Professor HENBY, m.imst.c.k.
SEABLES-WOOD, H. D., F.B.LB.A.
SHELLY, C. E., M.A., M.D.
SHUTTLEWOBTH, G. E., B.A., m.d
SMITH, J. OSBOBNE, F.B.LB.A.
SPOKES, SIDNEY, M.B.O.B., L.D.8.
STEPHENSON, S., M.B., CM.
SQLLY, EUGENE.
SYKES, J. F. J., D.SC, M.D.
TflOBNYCBOFT, Mrs.
TWEEDY, Professor J., President,
College of Surgeons.
WALKEB, Miss M. S.
WABNEB, FBANCIS, M.D., F.B.C.P.
WILLIAMS. DAWSON, M.D., F.B.C.P.
WILSON. JOHN T., m.d., d.p.h.
WOBTH, J. E., M.IN8T.0.B.
Boyal
Ssbibition Committee.
(7/uiirman— H. D. SeAblbs-WoOD, F.B.I.B.A.
BOOBBYEB, PHILIPjM.d., M.B., M.B.a8.
BOULNOIS, H. PEBCY, M.INST.C.B.
CUTLEB, T. W., FJI.I.B.A.
HALL, E. T., F.B.LB.A.
HTT.T., A. BOSTOCK., M.D., d.p.h.
LAW, HEBBEBT HENBY, M.INST.C E.
NOTTEB, CoL J. LANE, R.A.M.O., M.A.. M.D.
NEWSHOLME, ABTHUB, m.d.,d.p.h.,f.b.o.p
PABKES, LOUIS, M.D., D.P.H.
BEID, G.. M.D., D.P.H.
SMITH, J. OSBOBNE, F.B.LB.A.
TYNDALB, W. C, M.IN8T.0.B.
WILLCOX. J. E., ABSO0.M,IM8T.C.E.
WOBTH, J. E., M.IN8T.0.B.
Secretaried.
J. KEBB, M.A., M.U.. D.P.H.
I
E; WHITE WALUS, r,8.S.
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TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 7th, 1905.
7 p.in.
Reception of Delegates and Members.
8 p.m.
Presidential Address
In the Gbbat Hall or the Univeesitt of Londok,
By
SIE AETHUE W. EUCKEE, M.A., D.Sc, LL.D., F.E.S.
Subject :
"The Co-ordination of the Teaching of Hys^iene."
The Chair will be taken at 8 p.m. by
niS GRACE THE DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND, K.G., D.C.L., F.K.S
President of the Institute.
9 p.m.
Music and Inspection of the Exhibition.
lie'freshments before and after the Address zvill be served in the
Western Gallery,
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WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 8th, J^og.
Subject foe the da.t:
"SCHOLARS/'
Chairman :
SIR LAUDER BRUNTON, LL.D., M.I)., D-Sc, F.R.G.P., F.R.S.,
President of the Committee of the International Congress on School Hygiene
11 a.m.—
*' Physical and Mental Development during
School Life.;'
Opened by Miss A. J. COOPER (Oxford).
Speakers :
Sir John CocKBURN, M.D.K.c.M.G. , . . ..
Clement Dukes, m.d.
Mr. J. G. Lkg|3E^ H.M.I. Industrial and Reformatory Sqhools.
Miss Margaret McMillan. , i
Mr. Eugene Sully, Hon. Sec, National Physical Recreation Society,
Mrs. WOODHOUSE, Headmistress, Clapham High School.
And general discussion is invited.
1 p.m. Luncheon.
Chaii^nan: • . - . .,
RT. HON. LORD REAY, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., LL.D., D.L., J.P.
2 p.m.—
** Physical Inspection."
Opened by A. K. CHALMERS, M.D., D.P.H., M.O.H., Glasgow.
Speakers :
J. Kerr, m.d., m.a., Med. Officer, Education, L.C.C.
A. Newsholme, m.d., f.r,c.p., m.o.h., Brighton.
Mrs. Deverell Marvin, late H.M.t.
Miss K. Phillips, Superintendent of Method, Education, L.C.C.
Miss Helen Wilson, m.d, (Sheiffield).
And general discussion i*. invited:,
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THURSDAY. FEBRUARY 9th, 1905.
SlTBJEOT FOB THE SAT:
'^SCHOOLS."
Chairman :
SIB WILLIAM ANSON, Bart., D.C.L., M.P.,
Parliamentary S$cretafyt Board of Education,
11 a.m.—
" Building Und Equipment."
Opened by SIfi ASTON WBBB, R.A., F.R.I.B.A.
Sf SAKBBS :
James Gbaham, Inspector, West Biding G.C. Education Committee.
J. B. Kayb, M.B.. D.P.H., M.O.H., West Biding C.C.
A. J. HUBGATBOYI), F.B.I.B.A.
A. F. SoMEBViLLE, Chairman, Sanitary Committee, Somerset C.C.
J. OsBOBNE Smith, f.b.i.b.a.
And general discuision is invited.
1 p.m. Luncheon.
Chain)ian :
•SIB JAMBS CBICHTON BBOWNE, J.l\ M.D., LL.D., F.B.S.
2 p.m.—
'* Sanitary inspection.**
Opened by A. LESLIE MACKENZIE, m.d., d.f.u., Med. Member Scottish
Local Goyemment Board.
Speakbbs :
Miss Constance Cochbanb.
Miss E. M. Evans (Nottingham).
C. W. Kimmins. D.SC., Chief Inspector, Education, L.C.C.
MeBEDITH BiGHABDS, M.D., D.P.H.
J. F. J. Sykbs, D.SC., H.D., M.O.H., St. Pancras.
And general diteustion i$ invited.
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FRIDAY, FEBRUARY loth, 1905.
SUBJBCT FOB THE DAY:
"TRAINING IN HYGIENE.'*
Chairman :
SIR WILLIAM J. COLLINS, Kt., D.L., J.P., M.D.. M.S., B.Sc, PJl.CS.
Chairman^ Education Committee, London County Council,
11 a.m,—
'^* Training of Teachers/^
Opened by Prof. C. S. SHEBBINGTON, M.A., M.D., F.R.8.
Sfeakebs :
Prof. John Edgar, m.a.
Prof. H. R. Kenwood, m.b., d.p.h.
Mias K. Manley, Secretar}*, Yorkshire Ladies' Council of Education.
R. Oaties Roberts, d.sc, Registrar, Board for Extension of University
Teaching, London University.
Miss YouNO, Home and Colonial Training College.
And general d%9cumon is invited.
1 p.m. Luncheon.
Chairman :
THE RT. REVO. THE LORD BISHOP OF HEREFORD
(J. Pebcival, d.d.)
2 p.m.—
'* Training of Scholars/'
Opened by Prof. PINDLAY, M.A.
Speakers :
Miss HosKYNS Abbahall, Honours in Final School of Nat. Science, Oxon.
Miss Beszant (Bradford).
Prof. BosTOCK Hill, m.sc, m.d., d.p.h.
H. W. G. MACLEOD, B.SC, M.D., D.P.H.
Miss Alice Ravenhill and Miss Ethel Heap.
C. E. Shelley, b.a., m.d.
And general diectitiiim ie invited.
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LIST OF AUTHORITIES WHO HAVE UP TO THE PRESENT APPOINTED
DELEGATES TO THE CONFERENCE.
Architectural AssociatioD.
Armstrong College, Nenjgistle-on-Tyne.
Asaociatlon oT Assistant Masters.
Association of Headmasters.
Association of HeadmiHtiiBsses.
Battersea Polytechnic Institute.
Bournemouth*Educ«,tionComjnittee;
Bradfield College, Brighton.' '
British Medical Association.
Buckinghamshire Education Committee.
Carnarvonshire Education Committee.
Charterhouse School.
Cheshire County Education Committee. } *
Childhood Society. .
College of Preceptors.
Croydon Education Committee.
Derby.
Devonport Education Committee.
Ealing Education Couimittee. . '
East Suffolk County Education Committee.
Edinburgh School Board.
Erith Education Committee.
Flintshire Education Committee.
Proebel Society of Gt Britain and Ireland.
Girton Collie, Cambridge.
Glamorganshire Education Committee. \ . .
rGlaagow School Board.
\Haileybury College.
• ' Hornsey Education Committee.
Incorporated Society of Medical Officers of Health.
Kesteven Education Cotnmittee. ' .
King Alfred School* Society.
King's College (University of London).
Leyton Education Committee.
Leith School Board.
Lowestoft Education Authority.
Metropolitan Asylums Board.
Middlesex Hospital Medical School.
Monmouthshire Education Committee.
Mountain Ash U.D.C.
Nottingham Education Committee.
Oral Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. .
Oxford Education Committee.
Royal Army Medical College.
Royal College of Physicians, London.
Royal Institute of British Architects.
Royal Medical and Chirurgical Societ3^
Rutherford College, Newcastle-on-Tyne.
St. George's Hospital Medical School.
St. Helens.
Shipley Education Committee.
Somerville College. Oxford.
* Southampton Education Committee.
Staffordshire Education Committee.
Swindon Education Committee. .
University of Birmingham. , .
University of Liverpool.
University ColJege, London.
University College, Reading.
University of St, Andrew's.
Victoria University of Manchester. "• •
Warrington Training College.
West Riding Education Committee.
Winchester College.
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